to genericized types, such as :class:`~sqlalchemy.types.Integer` and
:class:`~sqlalchemy.types.String`. SQLAlchemy features dozens of types of
varying levels of specificity as well as the ability to create custom types.
-Documentation on the type system can be found at :ref:`types`.
+Documentation on the type system can be found at :ref:`types_toplevel`.
Accessing Tables and Columns
----------------------------
:ref:`orm_tutorial_literal_sql` - integrating ORM-level queries with
:func:`.text`
-.. fchanged:: 1.0.0
+.. versionchanged:: 1.0.0
The :func:`.select` construct emits warnings when string SQL
fragments are coerced to :func:`.text`, and :func:`.text` should
be used explicitly. See :ref:`migration_2992` for background.
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
The :meth:`.SessionEvents.after_flush` hook is called after the SQL has been
-emitted for a flush process, but **before* the state of the objects that
+emitted for a flush process, but **before** the state of the objects that
were flushed has been altered. That is, you can still inspect
the :attr:`.Session.new`, :attr:`.Session.dirty` and
:attr:`.Session.deleted` collections to see what was just flushed, and
Base.classes.user_order
Specifying Classes Explicitly
-============================
+=============================
The :mod:`.sqlalchemy.ext.automap` extension allows classes to be defined
explicitly, in a way similar to that of the :class:`.DeferredReflection` class.