man2/*: srcfix: fix warnings from "mandoc -Tlint"

  Remove superfluous paragraph macros.

  Remove ".br" if it is before a line that starts with a space
character, as such lines automatically cause a break.

###

  The output is unchanged, except two empty lines are added at the
bottom (before the footer line) in the output of "nroff" for the files
"alloc_hugepages.2" and "userfaultfd.2".

###

  Examples of warnings from "mandoc -Tlint":

mandoc: access.2:283:2: WARNING: skipping paragraph macro: PP after SH

mandoc: adjtimex.2:185:2: WARNING: skipping paragraph macro: PP empty

mandoc: futex.2:728:2: WARNING: skipping paragraph macro: IP empty

mandoc: getsid.2:48:2: WARNING: skipping paragraph macro: br before text line with leading blank

mandoc: init_module.2:290:2: WARNING: skipping paragraph macro: PP after SS

mandoc: ioctl_fideduperange.2:27:2: WARNING: skipping paragraph macro: br after SH

Signed-off-by: Bjarni Ingi Gislason <bjarniig@rhi.hi.is>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

diff --git a/man2/access.2 b/man2/access.2
index 2778c8e2c31fd8519bc4b28708224c1937223edd..0101352c7246f7429b3211725b360f33b24d78b5 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/access.2
+++ b/man2/access.2
@@ -280,7 +280,6 @@ SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008.
 .BR faccessat ():
 POSIX.1-2008.
 .SH NOTES
-.PP
 .BR Warning :
 Using these calls to check if a user is authorized to, for example,
 open a file before actually doing so using

diff --git a/man2/adjtimex.2 b/man2/adjtimex.2
index 09bf1c421a9694f49cb95066b5817a5a1fdbe4d4..e940de352cc2b128cc7ca5c13a65103b129cf074 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/adjtimex.2
+++ b/man2/adjtimex.2
@@ -182,7 +182,6 @@ while (buf.time.tv_usec < 0) {
 }
 .EE
 .in
-.PP
 .TP
 .BR ADJ_MICRO " (since Linux 2.6.26)"
 .\" commit eea83d896e318bda54be2d2770d2c5d6668d11db

diff --git a/man2/alloc_hugepages.2 b/man2/alloc_hugepages.2
index 0a341bf353e9d607f7247e579af14f8662a5a374..14ed0516a6e3d0f3e99714a879a698e102c00159 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/alloc_hugepages.2
+++ b/man2/alloc_hugepages.2
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ to map files in this virtual filesystem.
 The maximal number of huge pages can be specified using the
 .B hugepages=
 boot parameter.
-.PP
+.\".PP
 .\" requires CONFIG_HUGETLB_PAGE (under "Processor type and features")
 .\" and CONFIG_HUGETLBFS (under "Filesystems").
 .\" mount -t hugetlbfs hugetlbfs /huge

diff --git a/man2/chown.2 b/man2/chown.2
index 85719c265188801f29f6b132139997d2f493621e..c709ae0f16e5934ec82ec2b8d875f21d55ef7f4f 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/chown.2
+++ b/man2/chown.2
@@ -447,7 +447,6 @@ has got the same syscall number, and
 .BR chown ()
 got the newly introduced number.
 .SH EXAMPLES
-.PP
 The following program changes the ownership of the file named in
 its second command-line argument to the value specified in its
 first command-line argument.

diff --git a/man2/clone.2 b/man2/clone.2
index 783e4072cd8bc60ba62621d3e22810eccac3aaa2..19f619371664f8de52a6bffc3425a9babbad86e6 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/clone.2
+++ b/man2/clone.2
@@ -104,7 +104,6 @@ In the remainder of this page, the terminology "the clone call" is used
 when noting details that apply to all of these interfaces,
 .\"
 .SS The clone() wrapper function
-.PP
 When the child process is created with the
 .BR clone ()
 wrapper function,
@@ -156,7 +155,6 @@ The remaining arguments to
 are discussed below.
 .\"
 .SS clone3()
-.PP
 The
 .BR clone3 ()
 system call provides a superset of the functionality of the older
@@ -235,7 +233,6 @@ The remaining fields in the
 argument are discussed below.
 .\"
 .SS Equivalence between clone() and clone3() arguments
-.PP
 Unlike the older
 .BR clone ()
 interface, where arguments are passed individually, in the newer
@@ -275,7 +272,6 @@ tls tls     See CLONE_SETTLS
 .RE
 .\"
 .SS The child termination signal
-.PP
 When the child process terminates, a signal may be sent to the parent.
 The termination signal is specified in the low byte of
 .I flags
@@ -295,7 +291,6 @@ If no signal (i.e., zero) is specified, then the parent process is not signaled
 when the child terminates.
 .\"
 .SS The set_tid array
-.PP
 By default, the kernel chooses the next sequential PID for the new
 process in each of the PID namespaces where it is present.
 When creating a process with
@@ -380,7 +375,6 @@ Otherwise the PID
 entry for this PID namespace must be 1.
 .\"
 .SS The flags mask
-.PP
 Both
 .BR clone ()
 and
@@ -1527,7 +1521,6 @@ These system calls
 are Linux-specific and should not be used in programs
 intended to be portable.
 .SH NOTES
-.PP
 One use of these systems calls
 is to implement threads: multiple flows of control in a program that
 run concurrently in a shared address space.
@@ -1559,7 +1552,6 @@ system call can be used to test whether two processes share various
 resources such as a file descriptor table,
 System V semaphore undo operations, or a virtual address space.
 .PP
-.PP
 Handlers registered using
 .BR pthread_atfork (3)
 are not executed during a clone call.

diff --git a/man2/eventfd.2 b/man2/eventfd.2
index 29f5f43d465c91f0f18f81601a8a444e8a7f2736..804cf796b844b4dd460ff4166500dbfc3cca82b9 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/eventfd.2
+++ b/man2/eventfd.2
@@ -358,7 +358,6 @@ eventfd file descriptor,
 returning 0 if the correct number of bytes was transferred,
 or \-1 otherwise.
 .SH EXAMPLES
-.PP
 The following program creates an eventfd file descriptor
 and then forks to create a child process.
 While the parent briefly sleeps,

diff --git a/man2/fork.2 b/man2/fork.2
index b50b989c7cfc82a971ee3cfcf51b42644105dc97..a48ecabffb96d13ec24bb26ec9cb95b40204a123 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/fork.2
+++ b/man2/fork.2
@@ -279,7 +279,6 @@ System call was interrupted by a signal and will be restarted.
 .SH CONFORMING TO
 POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008, SVr4, 4.3BSD.
 .SH NOTES
-.PP
 Under Linux,
 .BR fork ()
 is implemented using copy-on-write pages, so the only penalty that it incurs

diff --git a/man2/futex.2 b/man2/futex.2
index 020b3d5b9e46c8bbef28b97c9d5e7ae4984c9acb..47d814225f29c370aa014672f16dd68066f2a952 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/futex.2
+++ b/man2/futex.2
@@ -37,7 +37,6 @@ futex \- fast user-space locking
 .IR Note :
 There is no glibc wrapper for this system call; see NOTES.
 .SH DESCRIPTION
-.PP
 The
 .BR futex ()
 system call provides a method for waiting until a certain condition becomes
@@ -726,7 +725,6 @@ If
 .I timeout
 is NULL, the operation can block indefinitely.
 .IP
-.IP
 The
 .I uaddr2
 argument is ignored.
@@ -1315,7 +1313,6 @@ operation.
 .\""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
 .\"
 .SH RETURN VALUE
-.PP
 In the event of an error (and assuming that
 .BR futex ()
 was invoked via
@@ -1685,7 +1682,6 @@ and the timeout expired before the operation completed.
 .\""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
 .\"
 .SH VERSIONS
-.PP
 Futexes were first made available in a stable kernel release
 with Linux 2.6.0.
 .PP

diff --git a/man2/getgroups.2 b/man2/getgroups.2
index 043e60677aa83adc978e2ee97c020a057a978ffa..5388f8c57b12e88bdd5a600e3c7a47d2b94ebaf0 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/getgroups.2
+++ b/man2/getgroups.2
@@ -54,7 +54,6 @@ Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see
     Glibc 2.19 and earlier:
         _BSD_SOURCE
 .SH DESCRIPTION
-.PP
 .BR getgroups ()
 returns the supplementary group IDs of the calling process in
 .IR list .

diff --git a/man2/getrusage.2 b/man2/getrusage.2
index 784848abe8ea378f1dc02ad5d6c7417884ab88f8..c3cb614c7165906da8f34d7ccd12a6eea4ebc189 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/getrusage.2
+++ b/man2/getrusage.2
@@ -46,7 +46,6 @@ getrusage \- get resource usage
 .PP
 .BI "int getrusage(int " who ", struct rusage *" usage );
 .SH DESCRIPTION
-.PP
 .BR getrusage ()
 returns resource usage measures for
 .IR who ,
@@ -184,7 +183,6 @@ completed (usually to await availability of a resource).
 The number of times a context switch resulted due to a higher
 priority process becoming runnable or because the current process
 exceeded its time slice.
-.PP
 .SH RETURN VALUE
 On success, zero is returned.
 On error, \-1 is returned, and

diff --git a/man2/getsid.2 b/man2/getsid.2
index a912b651fb9f52c671c1f566c4df3d09f21fd009..1f9a8fbec9abe5afec069b29a618df1755295e95 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/getsid.2
+++ b/man2/getsid.2
@@ -45,7 +45,6 @@ Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see
 .RS 4
 _XOPEN_SOURCE\ >=\ 500
 .\"    || _XOPEN_SOURCE\ &&\ _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED
-.br
     || /* Since glibc 2.12: */ _POSIX_C_SOURCE\ >=\ 200809L
 .RE
 .PD

diff --git a/man2/init_module.2 b/man2/init_module.2
index 4f13edf1fef8c023ae0174d164e9db7bdf23d54c..c2675db9783a18892caf6ced28b7f0cd40bab0dd 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/init_module.2
+++ b/man2/init_module.2
@@ -287,7 +287,6 @@ See the Linux kernel source file
 .I include/linux/module.h
 for some useful background information.
 .SS Linux 2.4 and earlier
-.PP
 In Linux 2.4 and earlier, the
 .BR init_module ()
 system call was rather different:

diff --git a/man2/io_cancel.2 b/man2/io_cancel.2
index a685b5b6a19bb564dfa673f5b419e8bee7fa55cd..68129896e473b3af81251a35062bd2e40a005768 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/io_cancel.2
+++ b/man2/io_cancel.2
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ io_cancel \- cancel an outstanding asynchronous I/O operation
 .IR Note :
 There is no glibc wrapper for this system call; see NOTES.
 .SH DESCRIPTION
-.PP
 The
 .BR io_cancel ()
 system call
@@ -54,10 +53,8 @@ The AIO context specified by \fIctx_id\fP is invalid.
 .BR io_cancel ()
 is not implemented on this architecture.
 .SH VERSIONS
-.PP
 The asynchronous I/O system calls first appeared in Linux 2.5.
 .SH CONFORMING TO
-.PP
 .BR io_cancel ()
 is Linux-specific and should not be used
 in programs that are intended to be portable.

diff --git a/man2/io_destroy.2 b/man2/io_destroy.2
index 155fc48c5c4f5c757512674094168a086cc34810..e7cdf0203a5b43b938e25508556519d733833fc8 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/io_destroy.2
+++ b/man2/io_destroy.2
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@ io_destroy \- destroy an asynchronous I/O context
 .IR Note :
 There is no glibc wrapper for this system call; see NOTES.
 .SH DESCRIPTION
-.PP
 The
 .BR io_destroy ()
 system call
@@ -43,10 +42,8 @@ The AIO context specified by \fIctx_id\fP is invalid.
 .BR io_destroy ()
 is not implemented on this architecture.
 .SH VERSIONS
-.PP
 The asynchronous I/O system calls first appeared in Linux 2.5.
 .SH CONFORMING TO
-.PP
 .BR io_destroy ()
 is Linux-specific and should not be used in programs
 that are intended to be portable.

diff --git a/man2/io_getevents.2 b/man2/io_getevents.2
index 97f41fd445a0f3113d3fe9cbf7abe7249b896fa3..cf616593bf5b15fc8df8bb437bfa249b049aa2d8 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/io_getevents.2
+++ b/man2/io_getevents.2
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@ io_getevents \- read asynchronous I/O events from the completion queue
 .IR Note :
 There is no glibc wrapper for this system call; see NOTES.
 .SH DESCRIPTION
-.PP
 The
 .BR io_getevents ()
 system call
@@ -80,10 +79,8 @@ out of range.
 .BR io_getevents ()
 is not implemented on this architecture.
 .SH VERSIONS
-.PP
 The asynchronous I/O system calls first appeared in Linux 2.5.
 .SH CONFORMING TO
-.PP
 .BR io_getevents ()
 is Linux-specific and should not be used in
 programs that are intended to be portable.
@@ -123,7 +120,6 @@ An invalid
 may cause a segmentation fault instead of generating the error
 .BR EINVAL .
 .SH SEE ALSO
-.PP
 .BR io_cancel (2),
 .BR io_destroy (2),
 .BR io_setup (2),

diff --git a/man2/io_setup.2 b/man2/io_setup.2
index 2f37fd9c491686072ecf4eb2d2ffd3547551bb30..7b07b51c1da235c320c91ddc6b2dfc610bf1cad1 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/io_setup.2
+++ b/man2/io_setup.2
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@ io_setup \- create an asynchronous I/O context
 .IR Note :
 There is no glibc wrapper for this system call; see NOTES.
 .SH DESCRIPTION
-.PP
 The
 .BR io_setup ()
 system call
@@ -58,10 +57,8 @@ Insufficient kernel resources are available.
 .BR io_setup ()
 is not implemented on this architecture.
 .SH VERSIONS
-.PP
 The asynchronous I/O system calls first appeared in Linux 2.5.
 .SH CONFORMING TO
-.PP
 .BR io_setup ()
 is Linux-specific and should not be used in programs
 that are intended to be portable.

diff --git a/man2/io_submit.2 b/man2/io_submit.2
index 0c41fcb20ef76f70d394f57ece3c401c7dc4727b..bc7101e82b500e8a0f1fa865e23026c2948bd71d 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/io_submit.2
+++ b/man2/io_submit.2
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ io_submit \- submit asynchronous I/O blocks for processing
 .IR Note :
 There is no glibc wrapper for this system call; see NOTES.
 .SH DESCRIPTION
-.PP
 The
 .BR io_submit ()
 system call
@@ -233,10 +232,8 @@ but the submitting context does not have the
 .B CAP_SYS_ADMIN
 capability.
 .SH VERSIONS
-.PP
 The asynchronous I/O system calls first appeared in Linux 2.5.
 .SH CONFORMING TO
-.PP
 .BR io_submit ()
 is Linux-specific and should not be used in
 programs that are intended to be portable.

diff --git a/man2/ioctl_ficlonerange.2 b/man2/ioctl_ficlonerange.2
index 7bc5a042234c837f49665f434b43b5140fd85cc6..4b9b95024f1a6e374b1d80d255b64e561adad686 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/ioctl_ficlonerange.2
+++ b/man2/ioctl_ficlonerange.2
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@
 .SH NAME
 ioctl_ficlonerange, ioctl_ficlone \- share some the data of one file with another file
 .SH SYNOPSIS
-.br
 .B #include <sys/ioctl.h>
 .br
 .B #include <linux/fs.h>
@@ -86,7 +85,6 @@ ioctl clones entire files.
 On error, \-1 is returned, and
 .I errno
 is set to indicate the error.
-.PP
 .SH ERRORS
 Error codes can be one of, but are not limited to, the following:
 .TP

diff --git a/man2/ioctl_fideduperange.2 b/man2/ioctl_fideduperange.2
index 7b3511fe39503abd3e88c697e106ba5ee645810d..8b846c0a7136991bc313c40d6b9caa37f46330f1 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/ioctl_fideduperange.2
+++ b/man2/ioctl_fideduperange.2
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@
 .SH NAME
 ioctl_fideduperange \- share some the data of one file with another file
 .SH SYNOPSIS
-.br
 .B #include <sys/ioctl.h>
 .br
 .B #include <linux/fs.h>
@@ -142,12 +141,10 @@ code is set to
 for success, a negative error code in case of error, or
 .B FILE_DEDUPE_RANGE_DIFFERS
 if the data did not match.
-.PP
 .SH RETURN VALUE
 On error, \-1 is returned, and
 .I errno
 is set to indicate the error.
-.PP
 .SH ERRORS
 Error codes can be one of, but are not limited to, the following:
 .TP

diff --git a/man2/ioctl_fslabel.2 b/man2/ioctl_fslabel.2
index ef483cbf21c36f54af3352ff3cb472ad768a2c79..75f54876b6ef13e1509f8982035572f4eea77e0d 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/ioctl_fslabel.2
+++ b/man2/ioctl_fslabel.2
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@
 .SH NAME
 ioctl_fslabel \- get or set a filesystem label
 .SH SYNOPSIS
-.br
 .B #include <sys/ioctl.h>
 .br
 .B #include <linux/fs.h>
@@ -47,7 +46,6 @@ operation requires privilege
 On success zero is returned.  On error, \-1 is returned, and
 .I errno
 is set to indicate the error.
-.PP
 .SH ERRORS
 Error can include (but are not limited to) the following:
 .TP

diff --git a/man2/ioctl_getfsmap.2 b/man2/ioctl_getfsmap.2
index f1e536cca6db248a8e04851babd9c40e337bcd41..1771d46eb900bae3d7ef65e9321272eebeb562a5 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/ioctl_getfsmap.2
+++ b/man2/ioctl_getfsmap.2
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@
 .SH NAME
 ioctl_getfsmap \- retrieve the physical layout of the filesystem
 .SH SYNOPSIS
-.br
 .B #include <sys/ioctl.h>
 .br
 .B #include <linux/fs.h>
@@ -83,7 +82,6 @@ Filesystem mappings are copied into the
 array, which immediately follows the header data.
 .\"
 .SS Fields of struct fsmap_head
-.PP
 The
 .I fmh_iflags
 field is a bit mask passed to the kernel to alter the output.
@@ -121,7 +119,6 @@ The
 fields must be set to zero.
 .\"
 .SS Keys
-.PP
 The two key records in
 .I fsmap_head.fmh_keys
 specify the lowest and highest extent records in the keyspace that the caller
@@ -161,7 +158,6 @@ The function
 provides this functionality.
 .\"
 .SS Fields of struct fsmap
-.PP
 The
 .I fmr_device
 field uniquely identifies the underlying storage device.
@@ -326,7 +322,6 @@ Inode bit map.
 On error, \-1 is returned, and
 .I errno
 is set to indicate the error.
-.PP
 .SH ERRORS
 The error placed in
 .I errno

diff --git a/man2/memfd_create.2 b/man2/memfd_create.2
index ba84bb149ee41a04506dd0d266e564969cfc3a6f..f315be68697f7e2d0e78cd96a31b7bc5fe7be8ba 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/memfd_create.2
+++ b/man2/memfd_create.2
@@ -205,7 +205,6 @@ The
 .BR memfd_create ()
 system call is Linux-specific.
 .SH NOTES
-.PP
 .\" See also http://lwn.net/Articles/593918/
 .\" and http://lwn.net/Articles/594919/ and http://lwn.net/Articles/591108/
 The

diff --git a/man2/mlock.2 b/man2/mlock.2
index 4e2b4acc20c380a572af63a59bbff4b3f26f072a..c020ab73595bde0522ddc7f09feae004d4caf6eb 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/mlock.2
+++ b/man2/mlock.2
@@ -89,7 +89,6 @@ Lock pages that are currently resident and mark the entire range so
 that the remaining nonresident pages are locked when they are populated
 by a page fault.
 .PP
-.PP
 If
 .I flags
 is 0,

diff --git a/man2/mmap.2 b/man2/mmap.2
index ec59a5be6a789d54fbab3781100e4a07d8461039..f0af6f6d80fe9d3d194a80eb28adc632fb98bf24 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/mmap.2
+++ b/man2/mmap.2
@@ -670,7 +670,6 @@ is defined in \fI<unistd.h>\fP to a value greater than 0.
 .\" -1: unavailable, 0: ask using sysconf().
 .\" glibc defines it to 1.
 .SH NOTES
-.PP
 Memory mapped by
 .BR mmap ()
 is preserved across
@@ -907,7 +906,6 @@ however, this doesn't work on
 .SH EXAMPLES
 .\" FIXME . Add an example here that uses an anonymous shared region for
 .\" IPC between parent and child.
-.PP
 The following program prints part of the file specified in
 its first command-line argument to standard output.
 The range of bytes to be printed is specified via offset and length

diff --git a/man2/mprotect.2 b/man2/mprotect.2
index ab08bfe7989a06148d758d8deee573e6686e6e80..05cbed083d2998962da7959cd17e8ff47a22df7c 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/mprotect.2
+++ b/man2/mprotect.2
@@ -285,7 +285,6 @@ is equivalent to
 .BR mprotect ().
 .SH EXAMPLES
 .\" sigaction.2 refers to this example
-.PP
 The program below demonstrates the use of
 .BR mprotect ().
 The program allocates four pages of memory, makes the third

diff --git a/man2/mremap.2 b/man2/mremap.2
index 6f2d4923d6e6c2a148afb37bfb9ac829b8b9d6b1..5fac0a007df9af1ed639842d6312615af709bd6f 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/mremap.2
+++ b/man2/mremap.2
@@ -265,7 +265,6 @@ intended to be portable.
 .\" .BR mremap (2)
 .\" call with completely different semantics.
 .SH NOTES
-.PP
 .BR mremap ()
 changes the
 mapping between virtual addresses and memory pages.

diff --git a/man2/open.2 b/man2/open.2
index 79916f6bf2e6e7dbb14c65c0624c93d608ffc0c3..ef00f3cb9b43cb15998e43ab6f780b464e84b21b 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/open.2
+++ b/man2/open.2
@@ -1696,7 +1696,6 @@ the corresponding conventional APIs.
 .\"
 .\"
 .SS O_DIRECT
-.PP
 The
 .B O_DIRECT
 flag may impose alignment restrictions on the length and address

diff --git a/man2/pciconfig_read.2 b/man2/pciconfig_read.2
index 90139041db6e84b82ba84869c6e6a73f0097ddcd..ee60b364ec12a6876c0bbe1d6ad7e46d45287715 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/pciconfig_read.2
+++ b/man2/pciconfig_read.2
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@ pciconfig_read, pciconfig_write, pciconfig_iobase \- pci device information hand
 .BI "          unsigned long " devfn );
 .fi
 .SH DESCRIPTION
-.PP
 Most of the interaction with PCI devices is already handled by the
 kernel PCI layer,
 and thus these calls should not normally need to be accessed from user space.

diff --git a/man2/perf_event_open.2 b/man2/perf_event_open.2
index b9d4eb05ca7613dc9cacc050eeef4e683d8b9a78..eee3b887074b171ebfba19d719a40a078d334784 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/perf_event_open.2
+++ b/man2/perf_event_open.2
@@ -74,7 +74,6 @@ event periodically writes measurements to a buffer that can then
 be accessed via
 .BR mmap (2).
 .SS Arguments
-.PP
 The
 .I pid
 and
@@ -2813,7 +2812,6 @@ in a process's context.
 To restore the old behavior, write the value 2 to
 .IR /sys/devices/cpu/rdpmc .
 .SS perf_event ioctl calls
-.PP
 Various ioctls act on
 .BR perf_event_open ()
 file descriptors:
@@ -3008,7 +3006,6 @@ to the calling process or inherited events from a parent process.
 Only group leaders are enabled and disabled,
 not any other members of the groups.
 .SS perf_event related configuration files
-.PP
 Files in
 .I /proc/sys/kernel/
 .RS 4

diff --git a/man2/pidfd_open.2 b/man2/pidfd_open.2
index 2007fa144530bcfe7a70d43054ee2f5da3e3acd3..1776700b01c16cb597483be45e7ef11901cef521 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/pidfd_open.2
+++ b/man2/pidfd_open.2
@@ -143,7 +143,6 @@ with the
 flag.
 .\"
 .SS Use cases for PID file descriptors
-.PP
 A PID file descriptor returned by
 .BR pidfd_open ()
 (or by

diff --git a/man2/pivot_root.2 b/man2/pivot_root.2
index 415f2dc61b2166656ad227aa2383d5a8fb5c83ca..587f42de9d6dd02eb847f7748c6e3512429cf465 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/pivot_root.2
+++ b/man2/pivot_root.2
@@ -214,7 +214,6 @@ Helper programs for this process exist; see
 .BR switch_root (8).
 .\"
 .SS pivot_root(\(dq.\(dq, \(dq.\(dq)
-.PP
 .I new_root
 and
 .I put_old
@@ -275,7 +274,6 @@ was first implemented and will not change now.
 .\" FIXME
 .\" Would it be better, because simpler, to use unshare(2)
 .\" rather than clone(2) in the example below?
-.PP
 The program below demonstrates the use of
 .BR pivot_root ()
 inside a mount namespace that is created using

diff --git a/man2/prctl.2 b/man2/prctl.2
index 7e03dcc53f5d1003c75e136a7b6e6a5e909892a5..88b791badbbf3aac30c8362f914726d1f1ed13b7 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/prctl.2
+++ b/man2/prctl.2
@@ -377,7 +377,6 @@ Note that modern MIPS implementations (MIPS R6 and newer) support
 .B FR=1
 mode only.
 .IP
-.IP
 Applications that use the O32 FP32 ABI can operate only when this bit is
 .I unset
 .RB ( FR=0 ;

diff --git a/man2/ptrace.2 b/man2/ptrace.2
index 9e0794de5df393dfcda4292a80936988b6ef8d7c..76930a30b1043305cfa46fcc008b773411d5bd55 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/ptrace.2
+++ b/man2/ptrace.2
@@ -421,7 +421,6 @@ for dumping signals from the process-wide signal queue.
 If this flag is not set,
 signals are read from the per-thread queue of the specified thread.
 .in
-.PP
 .TP
 .BR PTRACE_GETSIGMASK " (since Linux 3.11)"
 .\" commit 29000caecbe87b6b66f144f72111f0d02fbbf0c1
@@ -2680,7 +2679,6 @@ check\(emfor example,
 .BR ptrace ()
 .BR PTRACE_ATTACH .
 (See the "Ptrace access mode checking" discussion above.)
-.IP
 .IP *
 .BR ptrace ()
 .BR PTRACE_TRACEME .

diff --git a/man2/quotactl.2 b/man2/quotactl.2
index 3bec49b3c89d412a65323c727172d7b220486281..558a1e0f70210f546e84219a20d373d303ec11b5 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/quotactl.2
+++ b/man2/quotactl.2
@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@ quotactl \- manipulate disk quotas
 ", caddr_t " addr );
 .fi
 .SH DESCRIPTION
-.PP
 The quota system can be used to set per-user, per-group, and per-project limits
 on the amount of disk space used on a filesystem.
 For each user and/or group,
@@ -688,7 +687,6 @@ The
 .IR special ", " id " and " addr
 arguments are ignored.
 .SH RETURN VALUE
-.PP
 On success,
 .BR quotactl ()
 returns 0; on error \-1

diff --git a/man2/readv.2 b/man2/readv.2
index d8e824169204603bd65185de738e1c695745d9d4..40b52964dc1ae72f9fbee5501916ecf9bbd6960f 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/readv.2
+++ b/man2/readv.2
@@ -184,7 +184,6 @@ The file referred to by
 .I fd
 must be capable of seeking.
 .SS preadv2() and pwritev2()
-.PP
 These system calls are similar to
 .BR preadv ()
 and

diff --git a/man2/recvmmsg.2 b/man2/recvmmsg.2
index 90b68cdcda2e7f9af9d141f04df661055ffdadd8..096c4e04f6e5a54611647016e4ca028e7d35079d 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/recvmmsg.2
+++ b/man2/recvmmsg.2
@@ -190,7 +190,6 @@ In the current implementation, however, the error code can be overwritten
 in the meantime by an unrelated network event on a socket,
 for example an incoming ICMP packet.
 .SH EXAMPLES
-.PP
 The following program uses
 .BR recvmmsg ()
 to receive multiple messages on a socket and stores

diff --git a/man2/s390_guarded_storage.2 b/man2/s390_guarded_storage.2
index 319d3a22871261e5b90183d7444c9eee779e4311..b3aef858f986175ece0983a31b70a157877e4db1 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/s390_guarded_storage.2
+++ b/man2/s390_guarded_storage.2
@@ -170,6 +170,5 @@ header.
 .\" .UR https://developer.ibm.com/javasdk/2017/09/25/concurrent-scavenge-using-guarded-storage-facility-works/
 .\" the article with the description of its usage in the Java Garbage Collection
 .\" .UE
-.PP
 .SH SEE ALSO
 .BR syscall (2)

diff --git a/man2/select.2 b/man2/select.2
index d56abc34f8f4ccfa3e27ddf2aba626a61874f374..930fd393320f57442e0a01a99c0f497078ad1a3f 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/select.2
+++ b/man2/select.2
@@ -237,7 +237,6 @@ is specified as NULL,
 blocks indefinitely waiting for a file descriptor to become ready.
 .\"
 .SS pselect()
-.PP
 The
 .BR pselect ()
 system call allows an application to safely wait until either
@@ -316,7 +315,6 @@ pthread_sigmask(SIG_SETMASK, &origmask, NULL);
 .EE
 .in
 .PP
-.PP
 The reason that
 .BR pselect ()
 is needed is that if one wants to wait for either a signal
@@ -512,7 +510,6 @@ or reading from a pipe that may be empty,
 nonblocking I/O is used when reading from and writing to the pipe.)
 .\"
 .SS Emulating usleep(3)
-.PP
 Before the advent of
 .BR usleep (3),
 some code employed a call to
@@ -622,7 +619,6 @@ for a discussion of the difference between the kernel and libc
 notion of the signal set.
 .\"
 .SS Historical glibc details
-.PP
 Glibc 2.0 provided an incorrect version of
 .BR pselect ()
 that did not take a

diff --git a/man2/select_tut.2 b/man2/select_tut.2
index a41065f09cda24a376508f9e51a05591f292df13..f683dd49dd1dc58eb3d9affc2e0b065872cedf3f 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/select_tut.2
+++ b/man2/select_tut.2
@@ -33,7 +33,6 @@
 .SH NAME
 select, pselect \- synchronous I/O multiplexing
 .SH SYNOPSIS
-.PP
 See
 .BR select (2)
 .SH DESCRIPTION
@@ -54,7 +53,6 @@ and
 .BR pselect (),
 see
 .BR select (2).
-.PP
 .\"
 .SS Combining signal and data events
 .BR pselect ()

diff --git a/man2/semget.2 b/man2/semget.2
index 4277abe1701c7412d4493cde521cf921d40c71af..154952f341708757e8291221b78c089aa96f6b25 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/semget.2
+++ b/man2/semget.2
@@ -395,7 +395,6 @@ $ \fB./t_semget link p 1\fP       # Generates same key as \(aqmykey\(aq
 ID = 9
 .EE
 .in
-.PP
 .SS Program source
 \&
 .nf

diff --git a/man2/set_mempolicy.2 b/man2/set_mempolicy.2
index 7a26f674d77580f252c6cd3329261814ac236b0d..5ee580e3a8c7b00a5cc964799d3bab3efd2bb582 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/set_mempolicy.2
+++ b/man2/set_mempolicy.2
@@ -184,7 +184,6 @@ node ID specified in
 and so forth, until none of the specified nodes contain free memory.
 Pages will not be allocated from any node not specified in the
 .IR nodemask .
-.IP
 .TP
 .B MPOL_INTERLEAVE
 This mode interleaves page allocations across the nodes specified in

diff --git a/man2/setns.2 b/man2/setns.2
index 60c88a41781bd025daa25af363bbe4d21daf5839..c31c55cbc2a521e65c50d150ce7967a4e3f22b3b 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/setns.2
+++ b/man2/setns.2
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ int fd = pidfd_open(1234, 0);
 setns(fd, CLONE_NEWUSER | CLONE_NEWNET | CLONE_NEWUTS);
 .EE
 .in
-.PP
 .\"
 .SS Details for specific namespace types
 Note the following details and restrictions when reassociating with

diff --git a/man2/setpgid.2 b/man2/setpgid.2
index 29f20f3efd170e8367c00686eba289321e3fbc2b..cc06d87912d121c42eac47e799d98d97720ed0be 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/setpgid.2
+++ b/man2/setpgid.2
@@ -75,7 +75,6 @@ Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see
 .RS 4
 _XOPEN_SOURCE\ >=\ 500
 .\"    || _XOPEN_SOURCE\ &&\ _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED
-.br
     || /* Since glibc 2.12: */ _POSIX_C_SOURCE\ >=\ 200809L
 .RE
 .PP

diff --git a/man2/shmop.2 b/man2/shmop.2
index 322100011445df39360899d15801301dd116fbe0..c3ef2457b475c98b3c3531df109b85bce17939c9 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/shmop.2
+++ b/man2/shmop.2
@@ -240,7 +240,6 @@ from
 into
 .IR "void\ *" .
 .SH NOTES
-.PP
 After a
 .BR fork (2),
 the child inherits the attached shared memory segments.
@@ -292,7 +291,6 @@ The implementation places no intrinsic per-process limit on the
 number of shared memory segments
 .RB ( SHMSEG ).
 .SH EXAMPLES
-.PP
 The two programs shown below exchange a string using a shared memory segment.
 Further details about the programs are given below.
 First, we show a shell session demonstrating their use.
@@ -332,7 +330,6 @@ shared memory segment by the writer:
 Hello, world
 .EE
 .in
-.PP
 .\"
 .SS Program source: svshm_string.h
 The following header file is included by the "reader" and "writer" programs.

diff --git a/man2/sigpending.2 b/man2/sigpending.2
index 874d1dd5baf99875dd3af78656e091e8c07e583e..50623f1f74c3da0baa510b064bc39a1e92861238 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/sigpending.2
+++ b/man2/sigpending.2
@@ -44,7 +44,6 @@ Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see
 _POSIX_C_SOURCE
 .ad b
 .SH DESCRIPTION
-.PP
 .BR sigpending ()
 returns the set of signals that are pending for delivery to the calling
 thread (i.e., the signals which have been raised while blocked).

diff --git a/man2/sigprocmask.2 b/man2/sigprocmask.2
index 92e3d7e7e591115ccd0db599b6f1edb3a62090ad..c7c4cdd5466532c3b435ac85ee29f5586a1ed8a1 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/sigprocmask.2
+++ b/man2/sigprocmask.2
@@ -165,7 +165,6 @@ and
 as NULL.
 .\"
 .SS C library/kernel differences
-.PP
 The kernel's definition of
 .IR sigset_t
 differs in size from that used

diff --git a/man2/sigsuspend.2 b/man2/sigsuspend.2
index 89524a8348bbcbc1c2a5c9fece0722daadda967f..7c9446fd2501d44d393372ace466406aec57387a 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/sigsuspend.2
+++ b/man2/sigsuspend.2
@@ -85,7 +85,6 @@ The call was interrupted by a signal;
 .SH CONFORMING TO
 POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008.
 .SH NOTES
-.PP
 Normally,
 .BR sigsuspend ()
 is used in conjunction with

diff --git a/man2/stat.2 b/man2/stat.2
index 43469d8e53d0e9b5c752b0d84c6dded8605decb9..ba0b9063153af5620df3c92b444b6a66009e22f7 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/stat.2
+++ b/man2/stat.2
@@ -67,12 +67,9 @@ Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see
 .BR lstat ():
 .RS 4
 /* glibc 2.19 and earlier */ _BSD_SOURCE
-.br
     || /* Since glibc 2.20 */ _DEFAULT_SOURCE
-.br
     || _XOPEN_SOURCE\ >=\ 500
 .\"   _XOPEN_SOURCE\ &&\ _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED
-.br
     || /* Since glibc 2.10: */ _POSIX_C_SOURCE\ >=\ 200112L
 .RE
 .PP
@@ -90,7 +87,6 @@ _ATFILE_SOURCE
 .PD
 .ad
 .SH DESCRIPTION
-.PP
 These functions return information about a file, in the buffer pointed to by
 .IR statbuf .
 No permissions are required on the file itself, but\(emin the case of
@@ -356,7 +352,6 @@ The
 can be used in tools that scan directories
 to prevent mass-automounting of a directory of automount points.
 .IP
-.IP
 This flag is Linux-specific; define
 .B _GNU_SOURCE
 .\" Before glibc 2.16, defining _ATFILE_SOURCE sufficed

diff --git a/man2/statx.2 b/man2/statx.2
index 2e90f07dbdbc48f02888522b36d04969f3bef752..fc4cd67619064b3672b287feab59aa5baad03496 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/statx.2
+++ b/man2/statx.2
@@ -41,9 +41,7 @@ statx \- get file status (extended)
 .BI "int statx(int " dirfd ", const char *" pathname ", int " flags ","
 .BI "          unsigned int " mask ", struct statx *" statxbuf );
 .fi
-.PP
 .SH DESCRIPTION
-.PP
 This function returns information about a file, storing it in the buffer
 pointed to by
 .IR statxbuf .
@@ -100,7 +98,6 @@ struct statx_timestamp {
 (Note that reserved space and padding is omitted.)
 .SS
 Invoking \fBstatx\fR():
-.PP
 To access a file's status, no permissions are required on the file itself,
 but in the case of
 .BR statx ()
@@ -288,7 +285,6 @@ as one or more bits may, in the future, be used to specify an
 extension to the buffer.
 .SS
 The returned information
-.PP
 The status information for the target file is returned in the
 .I statx
 structure pointed to by
@@ -420,7 +416,6 @@ For further information on the above fields, see
 .BR inode (7).
 .\"
 .SS File attributes
-.PP
 The
 .I stx_attributes
 field contains a set of ORed flags that indicate additional attributes

diff --git a/man2/syscalls.2 b/man2/syscalls.2
index c6b8d8bf95cf673f5ed9ad326c7c8468f6a74275..0b89f422a81c1a218966d92e7bad5c5c43064fbd 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/syscalls.2
+++ b/man2/syscalls.2
@@ -904,7 +904,6 @@ There was briefly
 added in Linux 2.6.13, and removed in 2.6.16;
 this system call was never available to user space.
 .SH NOTES
-.PP
 Roughly speaking, the code belonging to the system call
 with number __NR_xxx defined in
 .I /usr/include/asm/unistd.h

diff --git a/man2/sysctl.2 b/man2/sysctl.2
index 687333fbd0e7303ff7447783f338e522e513259c..523489d2afda8447b5193d680c2acfdb75089e06 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/sysctl.2
+++ b/man2/sysctl.2
@@ -124,7 +124,6 @@ Furthermore,
 glibc does not provide a wrapper for this system call,
 necessitating the use of
 .BR syscall (2).
-.PP
 .SH BUGS
 The object names vary between kernel versions,
 making this system call worthless for applications.

diff --git a/man2/truncate.2 b/man2/truncate.2
index 2ec0d5ad11eeacab930afd30b7a0fe2038f846ae..f6ddadce8af3d7c1e28e87e83bd8b8b661177b94 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/truncate.2
+++ b/man2/truncate.2
@@ -62,7 +62,6 @@ Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see
 .RS 4
 _XOPEN_SOURCE\ >=\ 500
 .\"    || _XOPEN_SOURCE\ &&\ _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED
-.br
     || /* Since glibc 2.12: */ _POSIX_C_SOURCE\ >=\ 200809L
     || /* Glibc versions <= 2.19: */ _BSD_SOURCE
 .RE

diff --git a/man2/uname.2 b/man2/uname.2
index 55c139a560577a5bf9028e77a415006f14c21f78..166e39849dff80ec0c9ebddb94e06931e221a18b 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/uname.2
+++ b/man2/uname.2
@@ -136,7 +136,6 @@ Part of the utsname information is also accessible via
 .IR version ,
 .IR domainname }.
 .SS C library/kernel differences
-.PP
 Over time, increases in the size of the
 .I utsname
 structure have led to three successive versions of

diff --git a/man2/userfaultfd.2 b/man2/userfaultfd.2
index ac21208eed7fbe5663180bb1fedab952ac1cb555..25a32dbf564aaefc4f4aa9653c74cdeb5bc20924 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/userfaultfd.2
+++ b/man2/userfaultfd.2
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ single threaded non-cooperative userfaultfd manager implementations.
 .\"     problematic for multi-threaded monitor. I even suspect that it would be
 .\"     impossible to ensure synchronization between page faults and non-page
 .\"     fault events in multi-threaded monitor.
-.PP
+.\" .PP
 .\" FIXME elaborate about non-cooperating mode, describe its limitations
 .\" for kernels before 4.11, features added in 4.11
 .\" and limitations remaining in 4.11
@@ -766,4 +766,3 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
 .PP
 .IR Documentation/admin-guide/mm/userfaultfd.rst
 in the Linux kernel source tree
-.PP

diff --git a/man2/vfork.2 b/man2/vfork.2
index 28ee309bb43be4a0bb91b67202074ea495f6b0c2..79a714b35195192b2700f8694213a4e1169ebb43 100644 (file)
--- a/man2/vfork.2
+++ b/man2/vfork.2
@@ -175,7 +175,6 @@ remaining blocked until the child either terminates or calls
 and cannot rely on any specific behavior with respect to shared memory.
 .\" In AIXv3.1 vfork is equivalent to fork.
 .SH NOTES
-.PP
 Some consider the semantics of
 .BR vfork ()
 to be an architectural blemish, and the 4.2BSD man page stated:
@@ -308,7 +307,6 @@ Since 2.2.0-pre9 (on i386, somewhat later on
 other architectures) it is an independent system call.
 Support was added in glibc 2.0.112.
 .SH BUGS
-.PP
 Details of the signal handling are obscure and differ between systems.
 The BSD man page states:
 "To avoid a possible deadlock situation, processes that are children