From: Chet Ramey Date: Wed, 9 Oct 2013 11:32:00 +0000 (-0400) Subject: commit bash-20130913 snapshot X-Git-Tag: bash-4.4-alpha~127 X-Git-Url: http://git.ipfire.org/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi?a=commitdiff_plain;h=1101193a95406c8968a8a54821a74a869df28603;p=thirdparty%2Fbash.git commit bash-20130913 snapshot --- diff --git a/CWRU/CWRU.chlog b/CWRU/CWRU.chlog index 6425f2563..ec47d22fe 100644 --- a/CWRU/CWRU.chlog +++ b/CWRU/CWRU.chlog @@ -5243,3 +5243,13 @@ doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi} - [[: modify description of pattern matching to make it clear that the match is performed as if the extglob option were enabled. From Red Hat bug https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1002078 + + 9/12 + ---- +lib/readline/isearch.c + - _rl_isearch_dispatch: if we read an ESC and it's supposed to + terminate the search, make sure we check for typeahead with + _rl_pushed_input_available, since installing a hook function causes + typeahead to be collected in `ibuffer' (input.c). If there is any, + make sure we still use the ESC as a prefix character. Bug and fix + from Mike Miller diff --git a/doc/bash.html b/doc/bash.html index d8744ae98..cc864a37b 100644 --- a/doc/bash.html +++ b/doc/bash.html @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ -

BASH(1)	2013 March 4	BASH(1) +	BASH(1)	2013 September 2	BASH(1)

Index @@ -550,8 +550,8 @@ The option may be used to inhibit this behavior, and the --rcfile -option may be used to force another file to be read, but -rshd does not generally invoke the shell with those options +option may be used to force another file to be read, but neither +rshd nor sshd generally invoke the shell with those options or allow them to be specified.

@@ -714,11 +714,11 @@ command (see below). -If |& is used, command's standard output and standard error -are connected to +If |& is used, command's standard error, in addition to its +standard output, is connected to command2's standard input through the pipe; it is shorthand for 2>&1 |. -This implicit redirection of the standard error is +This implicit redirection of the standard error to the standard output is performed after any redirections specified by the command.

@@ -933,7 +933,8 @@ lexicographically using the current locale. When the == and != operators are used, the string to the right of the operator is considered a pattern and matched according -to the rules described below under Pattern Matching. +to the rules described below under Pattern Matching, +as if the extglob shell option were enabled. The = operator is equivalent to ==. If the shell option nocasematch @@ -1748,8 +1749,13 @@ subshell.

-Expands to the process ID of the most recently executed background -(asynchronous) command. +Expands to the process ID of the job most recently placed into the +background, whether executed as an asynchronous command or using +the bg builtin (see +JOB CONTROL + + +below).

@@ -2396,8 +2402,9 @@ below.

The value is used to set the shell's compatibility level. -See the description of the shopt builtin below under -SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS for a description of the various compatibility +See the description of the shopt builtin below under +SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS +for a description of the various compatibility levels and their effects. The value may be a decimal number (e.g., 4.2) or an integer (e.g., 42) corresponding to the desired compatibility level. @@ -3015,7 +3022,7 @@ The value of p determines whether or not the fraction is included.

If this variable is not set, bash acts as if it had the -value $aq\nreal\t%3lR\nuser\t%3lU\nsys\ %3lSaq. +value $aq\nreal\t%3lR\nuser\t%3lU\nsys\tt%3lSaq. If the value is null, no timing information is displayed. A trailing newline is added when the format string is displayed. @@ -3224,6 +3231,13 @@ An array variable is considered set if a subscript has been assigned a value. The null string is a valid value.

+It is possible to obtain the keys (indices) of an array as well as the values. +${!name[@]} and ${!name[*]} +expand to the indices assigned in array variable name. +The treatment when in double quotes is similar to the expansion of the +special parameters @ and * within double quotes. +

+ The unset @@ -3956,8 +3970,9 @@ The is treated as if it were within double quotes, but a double quote inside the parentheses is not treated specially. -All tokens in the expression undergo parameter expansion, string -expansion, command substitution, and quote removal. +All tokens in the expression undergo parameter and variable expansion, +command substitution, and quote removal. +The result is treated as the arithmetic expression to be evaluated. Arithmetic expansions may be nested.

@@ -4016,7 +4031,8 @@ The shell treats each character of as a delimiter, and splits the results of the other -expansions into words on these characters. If +expansions into words using these characters as field terminators. +If IFS @@ -7362,7 +7378,7 @@ the first call) of each line in turn. Any numeric argument supplied to these successive calls determines the direction to move through the history. A negative argument switches the direction through the history (back or forward). -The history expansion facilities are used to extract the last argument, +The history expansion facilities are used to extract the last word, as if the "!$" history expansion had been specified.

shell-expand-line (M-C-e) @@ -8168,7 +8184,7 @@ completion function would load completions dynamically: }
-complete -D -F _completion_loader +complete -D -F _completion_loader -o bashdefault -o default
@@ -8568,7 +8584,8 @@ The first argument. That is, word 1.

-The last argument. +The last word. This is usually the last argument, but will expand to the +zeroth word if there is only one word in the line.

@@ -9452,7 +9469,8 @@ option will display the attributes and values of each When -p -is used with name arguments, additional options are ignored. +is used with name arguments, additional options, +other than -f and -F, are ignored. When -p @@ -9652,8 +9670,8 @@ from the table of active jobs. If jobspec -is not present, and neither -a nor -r is supplied, -the shell's notion of the current job is used. +is not present, and neither the -a nor the -r option +is supplied, the current job is used. If the -h option is given, each jobspec @@ -9668,16 +9686,6 @@ is not sent to the job if the shell receives a If no jobspec -is present, and neither the --a - -nor the --r - -option is supplied, the current job is used. -If no -jobspec - is supplied, the -a @@ -10884,7 +10892,8 @@ The characters in IFS -are used to split the line into words. +are used to split the line into words using the same rules the shell +uses for expansion (described above under Word Splitting). The backslash character (\) may be used to remove any special meaning for the next character read and for line continuation. Options, if supplied, have the following meanings: @@ -11606,7 +11615,14 @@ is greater than or less than zero; otherwise 0.

shopt [-pqsu] [-o] [optname ...]

-Toggle the values of variables controlling optional shell behavior. +Toggle the values of settings controlling optional shell behavior. +The settings can be either those listed below, or, if the +-o + +option is used, those available with the +-o + +option to the set builtin command. With no options, or with the -p @@ -11954,7 +11970,7 @@ This option is enabled by default.

globasciiranges

-If set, range expressions used in pattern matching (see +If set, range expressions used in pattern matching bracket expressions (see Pattern Matching @@ -12817,8 +12833,8 @@ subsequently reset. The exit status is true unless a name is readonly. -

wait [--n] [n ...]

-Wait for each specified process and return its termination status. +

wait [-n] [n ...]

+Wait for each specified child process and return its termination status. Each n @@ -12829,7 +12845,7 @@ in that job's pipeline are waited for. If is not given, all currently active child processes are waited for, and the return status is zero. -If the --n option is supplied, wait waits for any job to +If the -n option is supplied, wait waits for any job to terminate and returns its exit status. If n @@ -12970,7 +12986,8 @@ script.

Bash Reference Manual, Brian Fox and Chet Ramey

The Gnu Readline Library, Brian Fox and Chet Ramey

The Gnu History Library, Brian Fox and Chet Ramey

Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX) Part 2: Shell and Utilities, IEEE

Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX) Part 2: Shell and Utilities, IEEE --

+http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/

http://tiswww.case.edu/~chet/bash/POSIX -- a description of posix mode

sh(1), ksh(1), csh(1)

emacs(1), vi(1)

@@ -13124,7 +13141,7 @@ There may be only one active coprocess at a time.

GNU Bash 4.2	2013 March 4	BASH(1) +	GNU Bash 4.3	2013 September 2	BASH(1)

@@ -13230,6 +13247,6 @@ There may be only one active coprocess at a time.

This document was created by man2html from bash.1.
-Time: 08 March 2013 15:57:13 EST +Time: 11 September 2013 09:17:53 EDT diff --git a/doc/bash.pdf b/doc/bash.pdf index 8ed0c6f92..94ecc1ce5 100644 Binary files a/doc/bash.pdf and b/doc/bash.pdf differ diff --git a/doc/bash.ps b/doc/bash.ps index 0091c93a8..4d77ce141 100644 --- a/doc/bash.ps +++ b/doc/bash.ps @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ %!PS-Adobe-3.0 %%Creator: groff version 1.19.2 -%%CreationDate: Fri Mar 8 15:56:20 2013 +%%CreationDate: Wed Sep 11 09:17:46 2013 %%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Roman %%+ font Times-Bold %%+ font Times-Italic @@ -328,8 +328,8 @@ F .474(xtended deb)-.15 F(ug-)-.2 E 1.598(instead of the standard personal initialization \214le)4.278 F F3 (~/.bashr)3.599 E(c)-.37 E F0 1.599(if the)4.409 F(shell is interacti) 144 698.4 Q .3 -.15(ve $)-.25 H(see).15 E F4(INV)2.5 E(OCA)-.405 E -(TION)-.855 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w$.)-.25 E(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q -(2013 March 4)146.79 E(1)200.95 E 0 Cg EP +(TION)-.855 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q +(2013 September 2)138.455 E(1)192.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 2 2 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -448,8 +448,8 @@ G(ly).15 E 5.306(,t)-.65 G 5.306(or)-5.306 G 2.806 F(ariable)-.25 E F3 -.27(BA)108 720 S(SH_ENV).27 E F0 1.01(in the en) 3.26 F 1.01(vironment, e)-.4 F 1.01(xpands its v)-.15 F 1.01 (alue if it appears there, and uses the e)-.25 F 1.011(xpanded v)-.15 F -1.011(alue as the)-.25 F(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2013 March 4)146.79 E(2) -200.95 E 0 Cg EP +1.011(alue as the)-.25 F(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2013 September 2)138.455 +E(2)192.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 3 3 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -521,11 +521,11 @@ E(-)-.2 E .134(mines it is being run in this f)108 314.4 R .134 2.869(da).1 G(s)-2.869 E F1(sh)2.869 E F0 5.369(.T)C(he)-5.369 E F1 2.869 E(c)-.18 E F0 .369 (option may be used to inhibit this beha)2.869 F(vior)-.2 E 2.869(,a)-.4 -G(nd)-2.869 E(the)108 338.4 Q F12.606 E(c\214le)-.18 E F0 .106 -(option may be used to force another \214le to be read, b)2.606 F(ut)-.2 -E F4 -.1(rs)2.606 G(hd).1 E F0 .106(does not generally in)2.606 F -.2 -(vo)-.4 G .306 -.1(ke t).2 H .106(he shell).1 F -(with those options or allo)108 350.4 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G +G(nd)-2.869 E(the)108 338.4 Q F12.919 E(c\214le)-.18 E F0 .419 +(option may be used to force another \214le to be read, b)2.919 F .419 +(ut neither)-.2 F F4 -.1(rs)2.919 G(hd).1 E F0(nor)2.919 E F4(sshd)2.919 +E F0 .418(generally in)2.919 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G +(the shell with those options or allo)108 350.4 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G (hem to be speci\214ed.)-2.5 E 1.207 (If the shell is started with the ef)108 367.2 R(fecti)-.25 E 1.507 -.15 (ve u)-.25 H 1.208 @@ -584,7 +584,7 @@ F .389(wed by)-.25 F F1(blank)2.889 E F0 .389(-separated w)B .389 (simple command)2.675 F F0 .175(is its e)2.675 F .175 (xit status, or 128+)-.15 F F4(n)A F0 .176 (if the command is terminated by signal)3.508 F F4(n)2.676 E F0(.).24 E -(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2013 March 4)146.79 E(3)200.95 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2013 September 2)138.455 E(3)192.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 4 4 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -603,14 +603,16 @@ F1A F0(]] [ ! ])A F2(command)2.5 E F0 2.5([[)2.5 G F1(|)-2.5 E/F3 (tion is performed before an)108 153.6 R 3.143(yr)-.15 G .642 (edirections speci\214ed by the command $see)-3.143 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(REDIRECTION)3.142 E F0(belo)2.892 E 3.142(w$. 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after an)108 189.6 Q 2.5(yr)-.15 G +(edirections speci\214ed by the command.)-2.5 E .48 +(The return status of a pipeline is the e)108 206.4 R .48 (xit status of the last command, unless the)-.15 F F1(pipefail)2.98 E F0 .48(option is enabled.)2.98 F(If)108 218.4 Q F1(pipefail)2.687 E F0 .187 (is enabled, the pipeline')2.687 F 2.687(sr)-.55 G .186 @@ -692,8 +694,8 @@ Q F2 1.053(compound command)3.553 F F0 1.053(is one of the follo)3.553 F 1.054(in a command')3.554 F 3.554(sd)-.55 G 1.054(escription may be) -3.554 F 1.027(separated from the rest of the command by one or more ne) 108 698.4 R 1.026(wlines, and may be follo)-.25 F 1.026(wed by a ne)-.25 -F 1.026(wline in)-.25 F(place of a semicolon.)108 710.4 Q(GNU Bash 4.2) -72 768 Q(2013 March 4)146.79 E(4)200.95 E 0 Cg EP +F 1.026(wline in)-.25 F(place of a semicolon.)108 710.4 Q(GNU Bash 4.3) +72 768 Q(2013 September 2)138.455 E(4)192.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 5 5 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -755,20 +757,21 @@ F0(and)2.5 E F3(>)2.5 E 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and 1 otherwise.)-3.568 F(An) +144 410.4 Q 2.5(yp)-.15 G(art of the pattern may be quoted to force the\ + quoted portion to be matched as a string.)-2.5 E .243 (An additional binary operator)144 428.4 R(,)-.4 E F3(=~)2.743 E F0 2.743(,i)C 2.743(sa)-2.743 G -.25(va)-2.943 G .243 (ilable, with the same precedence as).25 F F3(==)2.743 E F0(and)2.743 E @@ -823,8 +826,8 @@ F0 .597(with inde)2.847 F 3.097(x0i)-.15 G(s)-3.097 E .049 2.52 E F1 -.2(ex)144 704.4 S(pr).2 E(ession1)-.37 E F3(||)2.5 E F1 -.2 (ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E(ession2)-.37 E F0 -.35(Tr)180 716.4 S(ue if either).35 E F1 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E(ession1)-.37 E F0(or)2.5 E F1 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr) -.2 E(ession2)-.37 E F0(is true.)2.52 E(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q -(2013 March 4)146.79 E(5)200.95 E 0 Cg EP +.2 E(ession2)-.37 E F0(is true.)2.52 E(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q +(2013 September 2)138.455 E(5)192.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 6 6 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -979,8 +982,8 @@ F .205(The e)5.205 F .205(xit status of the)-.15 F F1(while)2.705 E F0 (and)2.705 E 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The)-.4 F(initial v) -2.5 E(alue is 0.)-.25 E F1 -.3(BA)108 324 S(SH_VERSINFO).3 E F0 2.644 -(Ar)144 336 S .144(eadonly array v)-2.644 F .144 +2.5 E(alue is 0.)-.25 E F1 -.3(BA)108 324 S(SH_VERSINFO).3 E F0 2.645 +(Ar)144 336 S .145(eadonly array v)-2.645 F .144 (ariable whose members hold v)-.25 F .144 -(ersion information for this instance of)-.15 F F1(bash)2.645 E F0 5.145 -(.T)C(he)-5.145 E -.25(va)144 348 S +(ersion information for this instance of)-.15 F F1(bash)2.644 E F0 5.144 +(.T)C(he)-5.144 E -.25(va)144 348 S (lues assigned to the array members are as follo).25 E(ws:)-.25 E F1 -.3 (BA)144 366 S(SH_VERSINFO[).3 E F0(0)A F1(])A F0(The major v)24.74 E (ersion number $the)-.15 E F3 -.37(re)2.5 G(lease).37 E F0($.)A F1 -.3 @@ -1552,80 +1556,80 @@ F3(beta1)2.5 E F0(\).)A F1 -.3(BA)144 426 S(SH_VERSINFO[).3 E F0(5)A F1 /Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F1 -.3(BA)108 438 S(SH_VERSION).3 E F0 (Expands to a string describing the v)144 450 Q (ersion of this instance of)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(COMP_CW)108 -462 Q(ORD)-.1 E F0 .397(An inde)144 474 R 2.897(xi)-.15 G(nto)-2.897 E +462 Q(ORD)-.1 E F0 .396(An inde)144 474 R 2.896(xi)-.15 G(nto)-2.896 E F1(${COMP_W)2.896 E(ORDS})-.1 E F0 .396(of the w)2.896 F .396 -(ord containing the current cursor position.)-.1 F .396(This v)5.396 F -(ari-)-.25 E 1.18(able is a)144 486 R -.25(va)-.2 G 1.181 +(ord containing the current cursor position.)-.1 F .397(This v)5.397 F +(ari-)-.25 E 1.181(able is a)144 486 R -.25(va)-.2 G 1.181 (ilable only in shell functions in).25 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.681 -(db).1 G 3.681(yt)-3.681 G 1.181(he programmable completion f)-3.681 F -1.181(acilities $see)-.1 F F1(Pr)144 498 Q(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E +(db).1 G 3.681(yt)-3.681 G 1.18(he programmable completion f)-3.681 F +1.18(acilities \(see)-.1 F F1(Pr)144 498 Q(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0(belo)2.5 E(w$.)-.25 E F1(COMP_KEY)108 510 Q F0(The k)144 522 Q .3 -.15(ey $)-.1 H(or \214nal k).15 E .3 -.15(ey o)-.1 H 2.5(fak).15 G .3 -.15(ey s)-2.6 H(equence$ used to in).15 E -.2(vo)-.4 G .2 -.1(ke t).2 -H(he current completion function.).1 E F1(COMP_LINE)108 534 Q F0 1.208 +H(he current completion function.).1 E F1(COMP_LINE)108 534 Q F0 1.207 (The current command line.)144 546 R 1.208(This v)6.208 F 1.208 (ariable is a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G 1.208 -(ilable only in shell functions and e).25 F 1.207(xternal com-)-.15 F -2.848(mands in)144 558 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 5.349(db).1 G 5.349 +(ilable only in shell functions and e).25 F 1.208(xternal com-)-.15 F +2.849(mands in)144 558 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 5.349(db).1 G 5.349 (yt)-5.349 G 2.849(he programmable completion f)-5.349 F 2.849 -(acilities $see)-.1 F F1(Pr)5.349 E 2.849(ogrammable Completion)-.18 F -F0(belo)144 570 Q(w$.)-.25 E F1(COMP_POINT)108 582 Q F0 .667(The inde) -144 594 R 3.167(xo)-.15 G 3.167(ft)-3.167 G .666 -(he current cursor position relati)-3.167 F .966 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 3.166 +(acilities $see)-.1 F F1(Pr)5.349 E 2.848(ogrammable Completion)-.18 F +F0(belo)144 570 Q(w$.)-.25 E F1(COMP_POINT)108 582 Q F0 .666(The inde) +144 594 R 3.166(xo)-.15 G 3.166(ft)-3.166 G .666 +(he current cursor position relati)-3.166 F .966 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 3.166 (ot).15 G .666(he be)-3.166 F .666(ginning of the current command.)-.15 -F .666(If the)5.666 F .534 +F .667(If the)5.667 F .535 (current cursor position is at the end of the current command, the v)144 -606 R .535(alue of this v)-.25 F .535(ariable is equal to)-.25 F F1 -(${#COMP_LINE})144 618 Q F0 7.006(.T)C 2.006(his v)-7.006 F 2.006 -(ariable is a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G 2.005 -(ilable only in shell functions and e).25 F 2.005(xternal commands)-.15 +606 R .534(alue of this v)-.25 F .534(ariable is equal to)-.25 F F1 +(${#COMP_LINE})144 618 Q F0 7.005(.T)C 2.005(his v)-7.005 F 2.005 +(ariable is a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G 2.006 +(ilable only in shell functions and e).25 F 2.006(xternal commands)-.15 F(in)144 630 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(db).1 G 2.5(yt)-2.5 G (he programmable completion f)-2.5 E(acilities $see)-.1 E F1(Pr)2.5 E (ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0(belo)2.5 E(w$.)-.25 E F1(COMP_TYPE)108 -642 Q F0 .041(Set to an inte)144 654 R .041(ger v)-.15 F .041(alue corr\ +642 Q F0 .042(Set to an inte)144 654 R .042(ger v)-.15 F .041(alue corr\ esponding to the type of completion attempted that caused a completion) --.25 F .338(function to be called:)144 666 R F3 -.5(TA)2.837 G(B).5 E F0 +-.25 F .337(function to be called:)144 666 R F3 -.5(TA)2.837 G(B).5 E F0 2.837(,f)C .337(or normal completion,)-2.837 F F3(?)2.837 E F0 2.837(,f) -C .337(or listing completions after successi)-2.837 F .637 -.15(ve t) --.25 H(abs,).15 E F3(!)144 678 Q F0 4.091(,f)C 1.591 -(or listing alternati)-4.091 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.092(so).15 G 4.092(np) +C .337(or listing completions after successi)-2.837 F .638 -.15(ve t) +-.25 H(abs,).15 E F3(!)144 678 Q F0 4.092(,f)C 1.592 +(or listing alternati)-4.092 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.092(so).15 G 4.092(np) -4.092 G 1.592(artial w)-4.092 F 1.592(ord completion,)-.1 F F3(@)4.092 E F0 4.092(,t)C 4.092(ol)-4.092 G 1.592(ist completions if the w)-4.092 -F 1.592(ord is not)-.1 F 1.553(unmodi\214ed, or)144 690 R F3(%)4.053 E +F 1.591(ord is not)-.1 F 1.552(unmodi\214ed, or)144 690 R F3(%)4.052 E F0 4.052(,f)C 1.552(or menu completion.)-4.052 F 1.552(This v)6.552 F 1.552(ariable is a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G 1.552 -(ilable only in shell functions and).25 F -.15(ex)144 702 S 2.928 +(ilable only in shell functions and).25 F -.15(ex)144 702 S 2.929 (ternal commands in).15 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 5.429(db).1 G 5.429 (yt)-5.429 G 2.929(he programmable completion f)-5.429 F 2.929 -(acilities $see)-.1 F F1(Pr)5.429 E(ogrammable)-.18 E(Completion)144 -714 Q F0(belo)2.5 E(w$.)-.25 E(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2013 March 4) -146.79 E(11)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +(acilities $see)-.1 F F1(Pr)5.428 E(ogrammable)-.18 E(Completion)144 +714 Q F0(belo)2.5 E(w$.)-.25 E(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2013 September 2) +138.455 E(11)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 12 12 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH$1$ B).35 F(ASH$1$) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMP_W)108 84 Q(ORDBREAKS)-.1 E F0 1.336 +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMP_W)108 84 Q(ORDBREAKS)-.1 E F0 1.335 (The set of characters that the)144 96 R F1 -.18(re)3.836 G(adline).18 E -F0 1.336(library treats as w)3.836 F 1.335 -(ord separators when performing w)-.1 F(ord)-.1 E 3.125(completion. If) -144 108 R/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMP_W)3.125 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09 E F0 .626 -(is unset, it loses its special properties, e)2.875 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -3.126(ni).15 G 3.126(fi)-3.126 G 3.126(ti)-3.126 G 3.126(ss)-3.126 G -(ubse-)-3.126 E(quently reset.)144 120 Q F1(COMP_W)108 132 Q(ORDS)-.1 E -F0 .654(An array v)144 144 R .654(ariable $see)-.25 F F1(Arrays)3.154 E -F0(belo)3.154 E .654(w$ consisting of the indi)-.25 F .653(vidual w) --.25 F .653(ords in the current command)-.1 F 4.332(line. The)144 156 R +F0 1.336(library treats as w)3.836 F 1.336 +(ord separators when performing w)-.1 F(ord)-.1 E 3.126(completion. If) +144 108 R/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMP_W)3.126 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09 E F0 .626 +(is unset, it loses its special properties, e)2.876 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +3.125(ni).15 G 3.125(fi)-3.125 G 3.125(ti)-3.125 G 3.125(ss)-3.125 G +(ubse-)-3.125 E(quently reset.)144 120 Q F1(COMP_W)108 132 Q(ORDS)-.1 E +F0 .653(An array v)144 144 R .653(ariable $see)-.25 F F1(Arrays)3.153 E +F0(belo)3.153 E .654(w$ consisting of the indi)-.25 F .654(vidual w) +-.25 F .654(ords in the current command)-.1 F 4.333(line. The)144 156 R 1.832(line is split into w)4.332 F 1.832(ords as)-.1 F F1 -.18(re)4.332 G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(wo)4.332 G 1.832(uld split it, using).1 F F2 -(COMP_W)4.332 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09 E F0(as)4.083 E .832(described abo)144 -168 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.832(.T).15 G .832(his v)-5.832 F .832 -(ariable is a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G .831 -(ilable only in shell functions in).25 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.331 -(db).1 G 3.331(yt)-3.331 G .831(he programmable)-3.331 F(completion f) +(COMP_W)4.332 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09 E F0(as)4.082 E .831(described abo)144 +168 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.831(.T).15 G .831(his v)-5.831 F .831 +(ariable is a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G .832 +(ilable only in shell functions in).25 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.332 +(db).1 G 3.332(yt)-3.332 G .832(he programmable)-3.332 F(completion f) 144 180 Q(acilities $see)-.1 E F1(Pr)2.5 E(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E -F0(belo)2.5 E(w$.)-.25 E F1(COPR)108 192 Q(OC)-.3 E F0 .168(An array v) -144 204 R .168(ariable $see)-.25 F F1(Arrays)2.668 E F0(belo)2.669 E +F0(belo)2.5 E(w$.)-.25 E F1(COPR)108 192 Q(OC)-.3 E F0 .169(An array v) +144 204 R .169(ariable $see)-.25 F F1(Arrays)2.669 E F0(belo)2.669 E .169 (w$ created to hold the \214le descriptors for output from and input) -.25 F(to an unnamed coprocess $see)144 216 Q F1(Copr)2.5 E(ocesses) @@ -1633,109 +1637,109 @@ F0(belo)2.5 E(w$.)-.25 E F1(COPR)108 192 Q(OC)-.3 E F0 .168(An array v) -.9 G(K).55 E F0 2.26(An array v)144 240 R 2.26(ariable $see)-.25 F F1 (Arrays)4.76 E F0(belo)4.76 E 2.26 (w$ containing the current contents of the directory stack.)-.25 F -1.094(Directories appear in the stack in the order the)144 252 R 3.594 -(ya)-.15 G 1.095(re displayed by the)-3.594 F F1(dirs)3.595 E F0 -.2(bu) -3.595 G 3.595(iltin. Assigning).2 F(to)3.595 E 1.432 +1.095(Directories appear in the stack in the order the)144 252 R 3.594 +(ya)-.15 G 1.094(re displayed by the)-3.594 F F1(dirs)3.594 E F0 -.2(bu) +3.594 G 3.594(iltin. Assigning).2 F(to)3.594 E 1.431 (members of this array v)144 264 R 1.432 (ariable may be used to modify directories already in the stack, b)-.25 -F 1.431(ut the)-.2 F F1(pushd)144 276 Q F0(and)2.746 E F1(popd)2.746 E +F 1.432(ut the)-.2 F F1(pushd)144 276 Q F0(and)2.746 E F1(popd)2.746 E F0 -.2(bu)2.746 G .246(iltins must be used to add and remo).2 F .546 -.15(ve d)-.15 H 2.746(irectories. Assignment).15 F .246(to this v)2.746 -F(ariable)-.25 E .351(will not change the current directory)144 288 R +F(ariable)-.25 E .35(will not change the current directory)144 288 R 5.35(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.35 E F2(DIRST)2.85 E -.495(AC)-.81 G(K).495 E F0 .35 -(is unset, it loses its special properties, e)2.6 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.85 -(ni).15 G(f)-2.85 E(it is subsequently reset.)144 300 Q F1(EUID)108 312 -Q F0 1.103(Expands to the ef)11 F(fecti)-.25 E 1.403 -.15(ve u)-.25 H +(is unset, it loses its special properties, e)2.6 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.851 +(ni).15 G(f)-2.851 E(it is subsequently reset.)144 300 Q F1(EUID)108 312 +Q F0 1.104(Expands to the ef)11 F(fecti)-.25 E 1.403 -.15(ve u)-.25 H 1.103(ser ID of the current user).15 F 3.603(,i)-.4 G 1.103 -(nitialized at shell startup.)-3.603 F 1.104(This v)6.103 F 1.104 +(nitialized at shell startup.)-3.603 F 1.103(This v)6.103 F 1.103 (ariable is)-.25 F(readonly)144 324 Q(.)-.65 E F1(FUNCN)108 336 Q(AME) --.2 E F0 .479(An array v)144 348 R .479 +-.2 E F0 .478(An array v)144 348 R .479 (ariable containing the names of all shell functions currently in the e) --.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .478(cution call stack.).15 F .276 -(The element with inde)144 360 R 2.776(x0i)-.15 G 2.776(st)-2.776 G .276 -(he name of an)-2.776 F 2.777(yc)-.15 G(urrently-e)-2.777 E -.15(xe)-.15 -G .277(cuting shell function.).15 F .277(The bottom-most)5.277 F .385 +-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .479(cution call stack.).15 F .277 +(The element with inde)144 360 R 2.777(x0i)-.15 G 2.777(st)-2.777 G .276 +(he name of an)-2.777 F 2.776(yc)-.15 G(urrently-e)-2.776 E -.15(xe)-.15 +G .276(cuting shell function.).15 F .276(The bottom-most)5.276 F .384 (element $the one with the highest inde)144 372 R .384(x$ is)-.15 F/F3 -10/Courier@0 SF("main")2.884 E F0 5.384(.T)C .384(his v)-5.384 F .384 -(ariable e)-.25 F .384(xists only when a shell func-)-.15 F .034 -(tion is e)144 384 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.534(cuting. Assignments).15 F(to) +10/Courier@0 SF("main")2.884 E F0 5.384(.T)C .384(his v)-5.384 F .385 +(ariable e)-.25 F .385(xists only when a shell func-)-.15 F .035 +(tion is e)144 384 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.535(cuting. Assignments).15 F(to) 2.535 E F2(FUNCN)2.535 E(AME)-.18 E F0(ha)2.285 E .335 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.535(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.535 G .035(ect and return an error status.).25 -F(If)5.035 E F2(FUNC-)2.535 E -.18(NA)144 396 S(ME).18 E F0 +F(If)5.034 E F2(FUNC-)2.534 E -.18(NA)144 396 S(ME).18 E F0 (is unset, it loses its special properties, e)2.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5 (ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.) --2.5 E .111(This v)144 414 R .111(ariable can be used with)-.25 F F1 -.3 +-2.5 E .11(This v)144 414 R .111(ariable can be used with)-.25 F F1 -.3 (BA)2.611 G(SH_LINENO).3 E F0(and)2.611 E F1 -.3(BA)2.611 G(SH_SOURCE).3 -E F0 5.111(.E)C .111(ach element of)-5.111 F F1(FUNC-)2.61 E -.2(NA)144 +E F0 5.111(.E)C .111(ach element of)-5.111 F F1(FUNC-)2.611 E -.2(NA)144 426 S(ME).2 E F0 1.404(has corresponding elements in)3.904 F F1 -.3(BA) 3.904 G(SH_LINENO).3 E F0(and)3.904 E F1 -.3(BA)3.904 G(SH_SOURCE).3 E F0 1.404(to describe the)3.904 F .012(call stack.)144 438 R -.15(Fo) 5.012 G 2.512(ri).15 G(nstance,)-2.512 E F1(${FUNCN)2.512 E(AME[)-.2 E /F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF($i)A F1(]})A F0 -.1(wa)2.512 G 2.512(sc).1 G .012(alled from the \214le)-2.512 F F1(${B)2.512 E(ASH_SOURCE[)-.3 E F4 -($i+1)A F1(]})A F0 1.183(at line number)144 450 R F1(${B)3.683 E -(ASH_LINENO[)-.3 E F4($i)A F1(]})A F0 6.183(.T)C(he)-6.183 E F1(caller) -3.683 E F0 -.2(bu)3.683 G 1.184 +($i+1)A F1(]})A F0 1.184(at line number)144 450 R F1(${B)3.684 E +(ASH_LINENO[)-.3 E F4($i)A F1(]})A F0 6.184(.T)C(he)-6.184 E F1(caller) +3.683 E F0 -.2(bu)3.683 G 1.183 (iltin displays the current call stack using).2 F(this information.)144 -462 Q F1(GR)108 474 Q(OUPS)-.3 E F0 1.229(An array v)144 486 R 1.228(ar\ +462 Q F1(GR)108 474 Q(OUPS)-.3 E F0 1.228(An array v)144 486 R 1.228(ar\ iable containing the list of groups of which the current user is a memb\ -er)-.25 F 6.228(.A)-.55 G(ssign-)-6.228 E .596(ments to)144 498 R F2(GR) -3.096 E(OUPS)-.27 E F0(ha)2.847 E .897 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 3.097(oe).15 G +er)-.25 F 6.229(.A)-.55 G(ssign-)-6.229 E .597(ments to)144 498 R F2(GR) +3.097 E(OUPS)-.27 E F0(ha)2.847 E .897 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 3.097(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-3.097 G .597(ect and return an error status.).25 F(If)5.597 E F2(GR)3.097 E(OUPS)-.27 E F0 .597(is unset, it loses its spe-)2.847 F (cial properties, e)144 510 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1(HISTCMD)108 522 -Q F0 .356(The history number)144 534 R 2.856(,o)-.4 G 2.856(ri)-2.856 G -(nde)-2.856 E 2.856(xi)-.15 G 2.856(nt)-2.856 G .356 +Q F0 .355(The history number)144 534 R 2.855(,o)-.4 G 2.855(ri)-2.855 G +(nde)-2.855 E 2.856(xi)-.15 G 2.856(nt)-2.856 G .356 (he history list, of the current command.)-2.856 F(If)5.356 E F2 -(HISTCMD)2.855 E F0 .355(is unset, it)2.605 F +(HISTCMD)2.856 E F0 .356(is unset, it)2.606 F (loses its special properties, e)144 546 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1 (HOSTN)108 558 Q(AME)-.2 E F0 (Automatically set to the name of the current host.)144 570 Q F1 -(HOSTTYPE)108 582 Q F0 .222(Automatically set to a string that uniquely\ - describes the type of machine on which)144 594 R F1(bash)2.723 E F0 -.223(is e)2.723 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cut-).15 E 2.5(ing. The)144 606 R(def) +(HOSTTYPE)108 582 Q F0 .223(Automatically set to a string that uniquely\ + describes the type of machine on which)144 594 R F1(bash)2.722 E F0 +.222(is e)2.722 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cut-).15 E 2.5(ing. The)144 606 R(def) 2.5 E(ault is system-dependent.)-.1 E F1(LINENO)108 618 Q F0 1.408(Each\ time this parameter is referenced, the shell substitutes a decimal num\ ber representing the)144 630 R .078(current sequential line number $st\ -arting with 1$ within a script or function.)144 642 R .079 -(When not in a script or)5.078 F .307(function, the v)144 654 R .307 -(alue substituted is not guaranteed to be meaningful.)-.25 F(If)5.306 E -F2(LINENO)2.806 E F0 .306(is unset, it loses its)2.556 F +arting with 1\) within a script or function.)144 642 R .078 +(When not in a script or)5.078 F .306(function, the v)144 654 R .306 +(alue substituted is not guaranteed to be meaningful.)-.25 F(If)5.307 E +F2(LINENO)2.807 E F0 .307(is unset, it loses its)2.557 F (special properties, e)144 666 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1(MA)108 678 Q (CHTYPE)-.55 E F0 .898(Automatically set to a string that fully describ\ -es the system type on which)144 690 R F1(bash)3.398 E F0 .899(is e)3.398 -F -.15(xe)-.15 G .899(cuting, in).15 F(the standard GNU)144 702 Q F4 +es the system type on which)144 690 R F1(bash)3.398 E F0 .898(is e)3.398 +F -.15(xe)-.15 G .898(cuting, in).15 F(the standard GNU)144 702 Q F4 (cpu-company-system)2.5 E F0 2.5(format. The)2.5 F(def)2.5 E -(ault is system-dependent.)-.1 E(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2013 March 4) -146.79 E(12)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +(ault is system-dependent.)-.1 E(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2013 September 2) +138.455 E(12)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 13 13 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH$1$ B).35 F(ASH$1$) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(MAPFILE)108 84 Q F0 .294(An array v)144 96 -R .294(ariable $see)-.25 F F1(Arrays)2.794 E F0(belo)2.794 E .294 -(w$ created to hold the te)-.25 F .293(xt read by the)-.15 F F1 -(map\214le)2.793 E F0 -.2(bu)2.793 G .293(iltin when no).2 F -.25(va)144 +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(MAPFILE)108 84 Q F0 .293(An array v)144 96 +R .293(ariable $see)-.25 F F1(Arrays)2.793 E F0(belo)2.793 E .293 +(w$ created to hold the te)-.25 F .294(xt read by the)-.15 F F1 +(map\214le)2.794 E F0 -.2(bu)2.794 G .294(iltin when no).2 F -.25(va)144 108 S(riable name is supplied.).25 E F1(OLDPWD)108 120 Q F0(The pre)144 132 Q(vious w)-.25 E(orking directory as set by the)-.1 E F1(cd)2.5 E F0 -(command.)2.5 E F1(OPT)108 144 Q(ARG)-.9 E F0 1.626(The v)144 156 R +(command.)2.5 E F1(OPT)108 144 Q(ARG)-.9 E F0 1.627(The v)144 156 R 1.627(alue of the last option ar)-.25 F 1.627(gument processed by the) --.18 F F1(getopts)4.127 E F0 -.2(bu)4.127 G 1.627(iltin command $see).2 -F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL)4.127 E -.09(BU)144 168 S(IL).09 E +-.18 F F1(getopts)4.127 E F0 -.2(bu)4.127 G 1.626(iltin command \(see).2 +F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL)4.126 E -.09(BU)144 168 S(IL).09 E (TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w$.)-.25 E F1(OPTIND)108 180 Q F0 -1.652(The inde)144 192 R 4.152(xo)-.15 G 4.152(ft)-4.152 G 1.652(he ne) --4.152 F 1.652(xt ar)-.15 F 1.652(gument to be processed by the)-.18 F -F1(getopts)4.151 E F0 -.2(bu)4.151 G 1.651(iltin command $see).2 F F2 -(SHELL)4.151 E -.09(BU)144 204 S(IL).09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo) +1.651(The inde)144 192 R 4.151(xo)-.15 G 4.151(ft)-4.151 G 1.651(he ne) +-4.151 F 1.651(xt ar)-.15 F 1.652(gument to be processed by the)-.18 F +F1(getopts)4.152 E F0 -.2(bu)4.152 G 1.652(iltin command \(see).2 F F2 +(SHELL)4.152 E -.09(BU)144 204 S(IL).09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo) 2.25 E(w$.)-.25 E F1(OSTYPE)108 216 Q F0 .329(Automatically set to a s\ tring that describes the operating system on which)144 228 R F1(bash) -2.83 E F0 .33(is e)2.83 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.83(cuting. 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This)-2.5 F -.25(va)2.5 G(riable is readonly).25 E(.)-.65 E F1(PWD)108 300 Q F0(The current w)12.67 E (orking directory as set by the)-.1 E F1(cd)2.5 E F0(command.)2.5 E F1 -(RANDOM)108 312 Q F0 .565 -(Each time this parameter is referenced, a random inte)144 324 R .566 -(ger between 0 and 32767 is generated.)-.15 F(The)5.566 E .01 +(RANDOM)108 312 Q F0 .566 +(Each time this parameter is referenced, a random inte)144 324 R .565 +(ger between 0 and 32767 is generated.)-.15 F(The)5.565 E .01 (sequence of random numbers may be initialized by assigning a v)144 336 R .01(alue to)-.25 F F2(RANDOM)2.51 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(If) 4.51 E F2(RANDOM)2.51 E F0(is)2.26 E (unset, it loses its special properties, e)144 348 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5 (ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.) --2.5 E F1(READLINE_LINE)108 360 Q F0 1.546(The contents of the)144 372 R +-2.5 E F1(READLINE_LINE)108 360 Q F0 1.547(The contents of the)144 372 R F1 -.18(re)4.047 G(adline).18 E F0 1.547(line b)4.047 F(uf)-.2 E(fer) -.25 E 4.047(,f)-.4 G 1.547(or use with)-4.047 F/F4 10/Courier@0 SF -1.547(bind -x)4.047 F F0($see)4.047 E F2 1.547(SHELL B)4.047 F(UIL)-.09 -E 1.547(TIN COM-)-.828 F(MANDS)144 384 Q F0(belo)2.25 E(w$.)-.25 E F1 -(READLINE_POINT)108 396 Q F0 .314 +1.547(bind -x)4.047 F F0($see)4.047 E F2 1.546(SHELL B)4.047 F(UIL)-.09 +E 1.546(TIN COM-)-.828 F(MANDS)144 384 Q F0(belo)2.25 E(w$.)-.25 E F1 +(READLINE_POINT)108 396 Q F0 .313 (The position of the insertion point in the)144 408 R F1 -.18(re)2.813 G (adline).18 E F0 .313(line b)2.813 F(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 2.813(,f)-.4 G -.313(or use with)-2.813 F F4 .313(bind -x)2.813 F F0($see)2.813 E F2 -(SHELL)2.813 E -.09(BU)144 420 S(IL).09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo) +.313(or use with)-2.813 F F4 .314(bind -x)2.814 F F0(\(see)2.814 E F2 +(SHELL)2.814 E -.09(BU)144 420 S(IL).09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo) 2.25 E(w$.)-.25 E F1(REPL)108 432 Q(Y)-.92 E F0 (Set to the line of input read by the)144 444 Q F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command when no ar).2 E(guments are supplied.) -.18 E F1(SECONDS)108 456 Q F0 .795(Each time this parameter is referen\ ced, the number of seconds since shell in)144 468 R -.2(vo)-.4 G .795 -(cation is returned.).2 F .713(If a v)144 480 R .712 +(cation is returned.).2 F .712(If a v)144 480 R .712 (alue is assigned to)-.25 F F2(SECONDS)3.212 E F3(,)A F0 .712(the v) 2.962 F .712(alue returned upon subsequent references is the number)-.25 -F .407(of seconds since the assignment plus the v)144 492 R .408 -(alue assigned.)-.25 F(If)5.408 E F2(SECONDS)2.908 E F0 .408 +F .408(of seconds since the assignment plus the v)144 492 R .408 +(alue assigned.)-.25 F(If)5.408 E F2(SECONDS)2.908 E F0 .407 (is unset, it loses its special)2.658 F(properties, e)144 504 Q -.15(ve) -.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G -(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1(SHELLOPTS)108 516 Q F0 3.263(Ac)144 528 S -.763(olon-separated list of enabled shell options.)-3.263 F .763(Each w) +(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1(SHELLOPTS)108 516 Q F0 3.262(Ac)144 528 S +.763(olon-separated list of enabled shell options.)-3.262 F .763(Each w) 5.763 F .763(ord in the list is a v)-.1 F .763(alid ar)-.25 F .763 -(gument for the)-.18 F F1144 540 Q F0 1.173(option to the)3.673 F -F1(set)3.673 E F0 -.2(bu)3.673 G 1.173(iltin command $see).2 F F2 1.174 -(SHELL B)3.674 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.174(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.424 E -3.674(w$. 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The)-.25 F(options)3.673 E .019(appearing in)144 552 R F2 +(SHELLOPTS)2.519 E F0 .019(are those reported as)2.269 F/F5 10 /Times-Italic@0 SF(on)2.749 E F0(by)2.759 E F1 .019(set \255o)2.519 F F0 -5.019(.I)C 2.519(ft)-5.019 G .019(his v)-2.519 F .019 +5.019(.I)C 2.519(ft)-5.019 G .019(his v)-2.519 F .02 (ariable is in the en)-.25 F(vironment)-.4 E(when)144 564 Q F1(bash) -3.141 E F0 .642(starts up, each shell option in the list will be enable\ -d before reading an)3.141 F 3.142(ys)-.15 G .642(tartup \214les.)-3.142 +3.142 E F0 .642(starts up, each shell option in the list will be enable\ +d before reading an)3.142 F 3.141(ys)-.15 G .641(tartup \214les.)-3.141 F(This v)144 576 Q(ariable is read-only)-.25 E(.)-.65 E F1(SHL)108 588 Q (VL)-.92 E F0(Incremented by one each time an instance of)144 600 Q F1 (bash)2.5 E F0(is started.)2.5 E F1(UID)108 612 Q F0 (Expands to the user ID of the current user)17.67 E 2.5(,i)-.4 G (nitialized at shell startup.)-2.5 E(This v)5 E(ariable is readonly)-.25 -E(.)-.65 E .994(The follo)108 628.8 R .994(wing v)-.25 F .994 +E(.)-.65 E .993(The follo)108 628.8 R .993(wing v)-.25 F .994 (ariables are used by the shell.)-.25 F .994(In some cases,)5.994 F F1 -(bash)3.494 E F0 .994(assigns a def)3.494 F .994(ault v)-.1 F .993 +(bash)3.494 E F0 .994(assigns a def)3.494 F .994(ault v)-.1 F .994 (alue to a v)-.25 F(ariable;)-.25 E(these cases are noted belo)108 640.8 Q -.65(w.)-.25 G F1 -.3(BA)108 657.6 S(SH_COMP).3 E -.95(AT)-.74 G F0 -1.053(The v)144 669.6 R 1.053(alue is used to set the shell')-.25 F -3.553(sc)-.55 G 1.053(ompatibility le)-3.553 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.553 -(l. 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If)-.15 F F1 -.3(BA)3.078 G(SH_COMP).3 E -.95(AT)-.74 G F0(is) +4.028 E .248(set to a v)144 729.6 R .248(alue that is not one of the v) +-.25 F .248(alid compatibility le)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .249 +(ls, the shell prints an error message and).15 F(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q +(2013 September 2)138.455 E(13)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 14 14 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH$1$ B).35 F(ASH$1$) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF .06(prints an err)144 84 R .06 -(or message and sets the compatibility le)-.18 F -.1(ve)-.15 G 2.56(lt) -.1 G 2.56(ot)-2.56 G .06(he default f)-2.56 F .06(or the curr)-.25 F .06 -(ent v)-.18 F(ersion.)-.1 E .544(The v)144 96 R .544 -(alid compatibility le)-.1 F -.1(ve)-.15 G .544(ls corr).1 F .543 -(espond to the compatibility options accepted by the shopt)-.18 F -.2 -(bu)144 108 S .137(iltin described belo).2 F 2.638(w$)-.1 G -.25(fo) --2.638 G 2.638(re).25 G .138(xample, compat42 means that 4.2 and 42 ar) --2.638 F 2.638(ev)-.18 G .138(alid v)-2.738 F 2.638(alues$. The)-.1 F -(curr)144 120 Q(ent v)-.18 E(ersion is also a v)-.1 E(alid v)-.1 E -(alue.)-.1 E -.3(BA)108 132 S(SH_ENV).3 E F0 .506 -(If this parameter is set when)144 144 R F1(bash)3.006 E F0 .506(is e) -3.006 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .505(cuting a shell script, its v).15 F .505 +-.35 E 1.12(sets the compatibility le)144 84 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.62(lt) +.15 G 3.619(ot)-3.62 G 1.119(he def)-3.619 F 1.119 +(ault for the current v)-.1 F 3.619(ersion. The)-.15 F -.25(va)3.619 G +1.119(lid compatibility le).25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ls).15 E .575 +(correspond to the compatibility options accepted by the)144 96 R/F1 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(shopt)3.075 E F0 -.2(bu)3.076 G .576 +(iltin described belo).2 F 3.076(w$)-.25 G .576(for e)-3.076 F(xam-) +-.15 E(ple,)144 108 Q F1(compat42)2.5 E F0(means that 4.2 and 42 are v) +2.5 E(alid v)-.25 E 2.5(alues$. The)-.25 F(current v)2.5 E +(ersion is also a v)-.15 E(alid v)-.25 E(alue.)-.25 E F1 -.3(BA)108 120 +S(SH_ENV).3 E F0 .506(If this parameter is set when)144 132 R F1(bash) +3.006 E F0 .506(is e)3.006 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .505 +(cuting a shell script, its v).15 F .505 (alue is interpreted as a \214lename)-.25 F .354 -(containing commands to initialize the shell, as in)144 156 R/F2 10 +(containing commands to initialize the shell, as in)144 144 R/F2 10 /Times-Italic@0 SF(~/.bashr)2.855 E(c)-.37 E F0 5.355(.T).31 G .355 (he v)-5.355 F .355(alue of)-.25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.27(BA)2.855 G -(SH_ENV).27 E F0 .355(is subjected)2.605 F .525(to parameter e)144 168 R +(SH_ENV).27 E F0 .355(is subjected)2.605 F .525(to parameter e)144 156 R .525(xpansion, command substitution, and arithmetic e)-.15 F .525 -(xpansion before being interpreted)-.15 F(as a \214lename.)144 180 Q F3 +(xpansion before being interpreted)-.15 F(as a \214lename.)144 168 Q F3 -.666(PA)5 G(TH)-.189 E F0 (is not used to search for the resultant \214lename.)2.25 E F1 -.3(BA) -108 192 S(SH_XTRA).3 E(CEFD)-.55 E F0 .48(If set to an inte)144 204 R +108 180 S(SH_XTRA).3 E(CEFD)-.55 E F0 .48(If set to an inte)144 192 R .48(ger corresponding to a v)-.15 F .481(alid \214le descriptor)-.25 F (,)-.4 E F1(bash)2.981 E F0 .481(will write the trace output gener)2.981 -F(-)-.2 E 3.114(ated when)144 216 R/F4 10/Courier@0 SF 3.114(set -x) +F(-)-.2 E 3.114(ated when)144 204 R/F4 10/Courier@0 SF 3.114(set -x) 5.614 F F0 3.114(is enabled to that \214le descriptor)5.614 F 8.114(.T) -.55 G 3.114(he \214le descriptor is closed when)-8.114 F F3 -.27(BA)144 -228 S(SH_XTRA).27 E(CEFD)-.495 E F0 .138(is unset or assigned a ne)2.388 +216 S(SH_XTRA).27 E(CEFD)-.495 E F0 .138(is unset or assigned a ne)2.388 F 2.638(wv)-.25 G 2.638(alue. Unsetting)-2.888 F F3 -.27(BA)2.638 G (SH_XTRA).27 E(CEFD)-.495 E F0 .138(or assigning it)2.388 F 2.531(the e\ mpty string causes the trace output to be sent to the standard error)144 -240 R 7.53(.N)-.55 G 2.53(ote that setting)-7.53 F F3 -.27(BA)144 252 S +228 R 7.53(.N)-.55 G 2.53(ote that setting)-7.53 F F3 -.27(BA)144 240 S (SH_XTRA).27 E(CEFD)-.495 E F0 .74(to 2 $the standard error \214le des\ criptor$ and then unsetting it will result in the)2.99 F -(standard error being closed.)144 264 Q F1(CDP)108 276 Q -.95(AT)-.74 G -(H).95 E F0 1.248(The search path for the)144 288 R F1(cd)3.748 E F0 +(standard error being closed.)144 252 Q F1(CDP)108 264 Q -.95(AT)-.74 G +(H).95 E F0 1.248(The search path for the)144 276 R F1(cd)3.748 E F0 3.748(command. This)3.748 F 1.247 (is a colon-separated list of directories in which the)3.748 F 3.795 -(shell looks for destination directories speci\214ed by the)144 300 R F1 +(shell looks for destination directories speci\214ed by the)144 288 R F1 (cd)6.295 E F0 6.296(command. A)6.296 F 3.796(sample v)6.296 F 3.796 -(alue is)-.25 F F4(".:~:/usr")144 312 Q F0(.)A F1(CHILD_MAX)108 324 Q F0 -.997(Set the number of e)144 336 R .997(xited child status v)-.15 F .997 +(alue is)-.25 F F4(".:~:/usr")144 300 Q F0(.)A F1(CHILD_MAX)108 312 Q F0 +.997(Set the number of e)144 324 R .997(xited child status v)-.15 F .997 (alues for the shell to remember)-.25 F 5.997(.B)-.55 G .997 -(ash will not allo)-5.997 F 3.497(wt)-.25 G(his)-3.497 E -.25(va)144 348 +(ash will not allo)-5.997 F 3.497(wt)-.25 G(his)-3.497 E -.25(va)144 336 S 1.077(lue to be decreased belo).25 F 3.577(waP)-.25 G 1.077 (OSIX-mandated minimum, and there is a maximum v)-3.577 F 1.078 -(alue $cur)-.25 F(-)-.2 E(rently 8192$ that this may not e)144 360 Q +(alue $cur)-.25 F(-)-.2 E(rently 8192$ that this may not e)144 348 Q 2.5(xceed. The)-.15 F(minimum v)2.5 E(alue is system-dependent.)-.25 E -F1(COLUMNS)108 372 Q F0 .829(Used by the)144 384 R F1(select)3.329 E F0 +F1(COLUMNS)108 360 Q F0 .829(Used by the)144 372 R F1(select)3.329 E F0 .828(compound command to determine the terminal width when printing sel\ -ection)3.329 F 4.506(lists. Automatically)144 396 R 2.006(set if the) +ection)3.329 F 4.506(lists. Automatically)144 384 R 2.006(set if the) 4.506 F F1(checkwinsize)4.506 E F0 2.007 (option is enabled or in an interacti)4.506 F 2.307 -.15(ve s)-.25 H -2.007(hell upon).15 F(receipt of a)144 408 Q F3(SIGWINCH)2.5 E/F5 9 -/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F1(COMPREPL)108 420 Q(Y)-.92 E F0 .848(An array v) -144 432 R .848(ariable from which)-.25 F F1(bash)3.348 E F0 .848 +2.007(hell upon).15 F(receipt of a)144 396 Q F3(SIGWINCH)2.5 E/F5 9 +/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F1(COMPREPL)108 408 Q(Y)-.92 E F0 .848(An array v) +144 420 R .848(ariable from which)-.25 F F1(bash)3.348 E F0 .848 (reads the possible completions generated by a shell function)3.348 F -(in)144 444 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.785(db).1 G 2.785(yt)-2.785 G +(in)144 432 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.785(db).1 G 2.785(yt)-2.785 G .285(he programmable completion f)-2.785 F .285(acility $see)-.1 F F1 (Pr)2.785 E .285(ogrammable Completion)-.18 F F0(belo)2.785 E 2.785 (w$. Each)-.25 F(array element contains one possible completion.)144 -456 Q F1(EMA)108 468 Q(CS)-.55 E F0(If)144 480 Q F1(bash)2.536 E F0 .036 +444 Q F1(EMA)108 456 Q(CS)-.55 E F0(If)144 468 Q F1(bash)2.536 E F0 .036 (\214nds this v)2.536 F .036(ariable in the en)-.25 F .036 (vironment when the shell starts with v)-.4 F(alue)-.25 E F4(t)2.535 E F0 2.535(,i)C 2.535(ta)-2.535 G .035(ssumes that the)-2.535 F -(shell is running in an Emacs shell b)144 492 Q(uf)-.2 E -(fer and disables line editing.)-.25 E F1(ENV)108 504 Q F0(Similar to) +(shell is running in an Emacs shell b)144 480 Q(uf)-.2 E +(fer and disables line editing.)-.25 E F1(ENV)108 492 Q F0(Similar to) 14.89 E F3 -.27(BA)2.5 G(SH_ENV).27 E F5(;)A F0 (used when the shell is in)2.25 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(di).1 G -2.5(nP)-2.5 G(OSIX mode.)-2.5 E F1(FCEDIT)108 516 Q F0(The def)144 528 Q +2.5(nP)-2.5 G(OSIX mode.)-2.5 E F1(FCEDIT)108 504 Q F0(The def)144 516 Q (ault editor for the)-.1 E F1(fc)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command.).2 -E F1(FIGNORE)108 540 Q F0 2.598(Ac)144 552 S .098 +E F1(FIGNORE)108 528 Q F0 2.598(Ac)144 540 S .098 (olon-separated list of suf)-2.598 F<8c78>-.25 E .098 (es to ignore when performing \214lename completion $see)-.15 F F3 -(READLINE)2.599 E F0(belo)144 564 Q 2.705(w$. A)-.25 F .205 +(READLINE)2.599 E F0(belo)144 552 Q 2.705(w\). A)-.25 F .205 (\214lename whose suf)2.705 F .205(\214x matches one of the entries in) -.25 F F3(FIGNORE)2.705 E F0 .205(is e)2.455 F .204 -(xcluded from the list)-.15 F(of matched \214lenames.)144 576 Q 2.5(As)5 +(xcluded from the list)-.15 F(of matched \214lenames.)144 564 Q 2.5(As)5 G(ample v)-2.5 E(alue is)-.25 E F4(".o:~")2.5 E F0(.)A F1(FUNCNEST)108 -588 Q F0 1.78(If set to a numeric v)144 600 R 1.78 +576 Q F0 1.78(If set to a numeric v)144 588 R 1.78 (alue greater than 0, de\214nes a maximum function nesting le)-.25 F --.15(ve)-.25 G 4.28(l. Function).15 F(in)144 612 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G +-.15(ve)-.25 G 4.28(l. Function).15 F(in)144 600 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G (cations that e).2 E(xceed this nesting le)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(lw) .15 G(ill cause the current command to abort.)-2.5 E F1(GLOBIGNORE)108 -624 Q F0 3.118(Ac)144 636 S .618(olon-separated list of patterns de\214\ +612 Q F0 3.118(Ac)144 624 S .618(olon-separated list of patterns de\214\ ning the set of \214lenames to be ignored by pathname e)-3.118 F(xpan-) --.15 E 3.131(sion. If)144 648 R 3.132<618c>3.131 G .632 +-.15 E 3.131(sion. If)144 636 R 3.132<618c>3.131 G .632 (lename matched by a pathname e)-3.132 F .632 (xpansion pattern also matches one of the patterns in)-.15 F F3 -(GLOBIGNORE)144 660 Q F5(,)A F0(it is remo)2.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(df) -.15 G(rom the list of matches.)-2.5 E F1(HISTCONTR)108 672 Q(OL)-.3 E F0 -2.654(Ac)144 684 S .153(olon-separated list of v)-2.654 F .153 +(GLOBIGNORE)144 648 Q F5(,)A F0(it is remo)2.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(df) +.15 G(rom the list of matches.)-2.5 E F1(HISTCONTR)108 660 Q(OL)-.3 E F0 +2.654(Ac)144 672 S .153(olon-separated list of v)-2.654 F .153 (alues controlling ho)-.25 F 2.653(wc)-.25 G .153(ommands are sa)-2.653 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.653(do).15 G 2.653(nt)-2.653 G .153(he history list.) --2.653 F .153(If the list)5.153 F .49(of v)144 696 R .49(alues includes) +-2.653 F .153(If the list)5.153 F .49(of v)144 684 R .49(alues includes) -.25 F F2(ignor)2.99 E(espace)-.37 E F0 2.99(,l).18 G .49(ines which be) -2.99 F .491(gin with a)-.15 F F1(space)2.991 E F0 .491 (character are not sa)2.991 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.991(di).15 G 2.991(nt) --2.991 G .491(he his-)-2.991 F .558(tory list.)144 708 R 3.058(Av)5.558 +-2.991 G .491(he his-)-2.991 F .558(tory list.)144 696 R 3.058(Av)5.558 G .558(alue of)-3.308 F F2(ignor)3.068 E(edups)-.37 E F0 .558 (causes lines matching the pre)3.328 F .557 (vious history entry to not be sa)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.2 G(d.).15 E 2.958 -(Av)144 720 S .458(alue of)-3.208 F F2(ignor)2.968 E(eboth)-.37 E F0 +(Av)144 708 S .458(alue of)-3.208 F F2(ignor)2.968 E(eboth)-.37 E F0 .458(is shorthand for)3.238 F F2(ignor)2.959 E(espace)-.37 E F0(and) 2.959 E F2(ignor)2.959 E(edups)-.37 E F0 5.459(.A)C -.25(va)-2.5 G .459 -(lue of).25 F F2(er)2.959 E(asedups)-.15 E F0(causes)2.959 E -(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2013 March 4)146.79 E(14)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +(lue of).25 F F2(er)2.959 E(asedups)-.15 E F0(causes)2.959 E .699 +(all pre)144 720 R .698 +(vious lines matching the current line to be remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G +3.198(df).15 G .698(rom the history list before that line is)-3.198 F +(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2013 September 2)138.455 E(14)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 15 15 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH$1$ B).35 F(ASH$1$) --.35 E .699(all pre)144 84 R .698 -(vious lines matching the current line to be remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G -3.198(df).15 G .698(rom the history list before that line is)-3.198 F -(sa)144 96 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.763(d. An).15 F 2.763(yv)-.15 G .263 +-.35 E(sa)144 84 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.763(d. An).15 F 2.763(yv)-.15 G .263 (alue not in the abo)-3.013 F .563 -.15(ve l)-.15 H .263 (ist is ignored.).15 F(If)5.263 E/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTCONTR)2.763 E -(OL)-.27 E F0 .264(is unset, or does not include)2.513 F 2.942(av)144 -108 S .442(alid v)-3.192 F .442 +(OL)-.27 E F0 .264(is unset, or does not include)2.513 F 2.942(av)144 96 +S .442(alid v)-3.192 F .442 (alue, all lines read by the shell parser are sa)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.941(do).15 G 2.941(nt)-2.941 G .441(he history list, subject to the v) --2.941 F .441(alue of)-.25 F F1(HISTIGNORE)144 120 Q/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 +-2.941 F .441(alue of)-.25 F F1(HISTIGNORE)144 108 Q/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 1.981(The second and subsequent lines of a multi-line compoun\ d command are not)6.481 F(tested, and are added to the history re)144 -132 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G(rdless of the v).05 E(alue of)-.25 E F1(HISTCONTR) -2.5 E(OL)-.27 E F2(.)A/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTFILE)108 144 Q F0 .181 -(The name of the \214le in which command history is sa)144 156 R -.15 +120 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G(rdless of the v).05 E(alue of)-.25 E F1(HISTCONTR) +2.5 E(OL)-.27 E F2(.)A/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTFILE)108 132 Q F0 .181 +(The name of the \214le in which command history is sa)144 144 R -.15 (ve)-.2 G 2.681(d$).15 G(see)-2.681 E F1(HIST)2.681 E(OR)-.162 E(Y) -.315 E F0(belo)2.431 E 2.681(w$. The)-.25 F(def)2.681 E .181(ault v) --.1 F(alue)-.25 E(is)144 168 Q/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(~/.bash_history) +-.1 F(alue)-.25 E(is)144 156 Q/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(~/.bash_history) 2.5 E F0 5(.I)C 2.5(fu)-5 G(nset, the command history is not sa)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(dw).15 G(hen a shell e)-2.5 E(xits.)-.15 E F3 -(HISTFILESIZE)108 180 Q F0 1.622 -(The maximum number of lines contained in the history \214le.)144 192 R +(HISTFILESIZE)108 168 Q F0 1.622 +(The maximum number of lines contained in the history \214le.)144 180 R 1.623(When this v)6.623 F 1.623(ariable is assigned a)-.25 F -.25(va)144 -204 S .932(lue, the history \214le is truncated, if necessary).25 F +192 S .932(lue, the history \214le is truncated, if necessary).25 F 3.432(,t)-.65 G 3.432(oc)-3.432 G .932 -(ontain no more than that number of lines by)-3.432 F(remo)144 216 Q .87 +(ontain no more than that number of lines by)-3.432 F(remo)144 204 Q .87 (ving the oldest entries.)-.15 F .871(The history \214le is also trunca\ -ted to this size after writing it when a)5.87 F 1.245(shell e)144 228 R +ted to this size after writing it when a)5.87 F 1.245(shell e)144 216 R 3.745(xits. If)-.15 F 1.244(the v)3.744 F 1.244 (alue is 0, the history \214le is truncated to zero size.)-.25 F 1.244 -(Non-numeric v)6.244 F 1.244(alues and)-.25 F 1.021(numeric v)144 240 R +(Non-numeric v)6.244 F 1.244(alues and)-.25 F 1.021(numeric v)144 228 R 1.022(alues less than zero inhibit truncation.)-.25 F 1.022 (The shell sets the def)6.022 F 1.022(ault v)-.1 F 1.022(alue to the v) --.25 F 1.022(alue of)-.25 F F3(HISTSIZE)144 252 Q F0(after reading an) -2.5 E 2.5(ys)-.15 G(tartup \214les.)-2.5 E F3(HISTIGNORE)108 264 Q F0 -2.658(Ac)144 276 S .158(olon-separated list of patterns used to decide \ +-.25 F 1.022(alue of)-.25 F F3(HISTSIZE)144 240 Q F0(after reading an) +2.5 E 2.5(ys)-.15 G(tartup \214les.)-2.5 E F3(HISTIGNORE)108 252 Q F0 +2.658(Ac)144 264 S .158(olon-separated list of patterns used to decide \ which command lines should be sa)-2.658 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.657(do).15 G -2.657(nt)-2.657 G .157(he his-)-2.657 F .707(tory list.)144 288 R .707 +2.657(nt)-2.657 G .157(he his-)-2.657 F .707(tory list.)144 276 R .707 (Each pattern is anchored at the be)5.707 F .708 (ginning of the line and must match the complete line)-.15 F .626 -($no implicit `)144 300 R F3(*)A F0 3.126('i)C 3.126(sa)-3.126 G 3.126 +(\(no implicit `)144 288 R F3(*)A F0 3.126('i)C 3.126(sa)-3.126 G 3.126 (ppended$. Each)-3.126 F .626(pattern is tested ag)3.126 F .625 (ainst the line after the checks speci\214ed by)-.05 F F1(HISTCONTR)144 -312 Q(OL)-.27 E F0 1.793(are applied.)4.043 F 1.793 +300 Q(OL)-.27 E F0 1.793(are applied.)4.043 F 1.793 (In addition to the normal shell pattern matching characters, `)6.793 F -F3(&)A F0(')A 2.515(matches the pre)144 324 R 2.515(vious history line.) +F3(&)A F0(')A 2.515(matches the pre)144 312 R 2.515(vious history line.) -.25 F(`)7.514 E F3(&)A F0 5.014('m)C 2.514 -(ay be escaped using a backslash; the backslash is)-5.014 F(remo)144 336 +(ay be escaped using a backslash; the backslash is)-5.014 F(remo)144 324 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.352(db).15 G .852(efore attempting a match.)-3.352 F .852(The second and subsequent lines of a multi-line compound)5.852 F -(command are not tested, and are added to the history re)144 348 Q -.05 +(command are not tested, and are added to the history re)144 336 Q -.05 (ga)-.15 G(rdless of the v).05 E(alue of)-.25 E F1(HISTIGNORE)2.5 E F2 -(.)A F3(HISTSIZE)108 360 Q F0 1.387 -(The number of commands to remember in the command history $see)144 372 +(.)A F3(HISTSIZE)108 348 Q F0 1.387 +(The number of commands to remember in the command history \(see)144 360 R F1(HIST)3.887 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F0(belo)3.637 E 3.887(w$. If) --.25 F(the)3.887 E -.25(va)144 384 S 1.32(lue is 0, commands are not sa) +-.25 F(the)3.887 E -.25(va)144 372 S 1.32(lue is 0, commands are not sa) .25 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.82(di).15 G 3.821(nt)-3.82 G 1.321 (he history list.)-3.821 F 1.321(Numeric v)6.321 F 1.321 -(alues less than zero result in)-.25 F -2.15 -.25(ev e)144 396 T .437 +(alues less than zero result in)-.25 F -2.15 -.25(ev e)144 384 T .437 (ry command being sa).25 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.937(do).15 G 2.937(nt)-2.937 G .437(he history list $there is no limit$.)-2.937 F .436 (The shell sets the def)5.436 F .436(ault v)-.1 F(alue)-.25 E -(to 500 after reading an)144 408 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G(tartup \214les.)-2.5 E -F3(HISTTIMEFORMA)108 420 Q(T)-.95 E F0 .951(If this v)144 432 R .951 +(to 500 after reading an)144 396 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G(tartup \214les.)-2.5 E +F3(HISTTIMEFORMA)108 408 Q(T)-.95 E F0 .951(If this v)144 420 R .951 (ariable is set and not null, its v)-.25 F .952 (alue is used as a format string for)-.25 F F4(strftime)3.452 E F0 .952 ($3$ to print the)B .673 -(time stamp associated with each history entry displayed by the)144 444 +(time stamp associated with each history entry displayed by the)144 432 R F3(history)3.173 E F0 -.2(bu)3.172 G 3.172(iltin. If).2 F .672(this v) 3.172 F .672(ariable is)-.25 F .144 -(set, time stamps are written to the history \214le so the)144 456 R +(set, time stamps are written to the history \214le so the)144 444 R 2.644(ym)-.15 G .144(ay be preserv)-2.644 F .144 (ed across shell sessions.)-.15 F(This)5.145 E(uses the history comment\ - character to distinguish timestamps from other history lines.)144 468 Q -F3(HOME)108 480 Q F0 1.27 -(The home directory of the current user; the def)144 492 R 1.27(ault ar) + character to distinguish timestamps from other history lines.)144 456 Q +F3(HOME)108 468 Q F0 1.27 +(The home directory of the current user; the def)144 480 R 1.27(ault ar) -.1 F 1.27(gument for the)-.18 F F3(cd)3.77 E F0 -.2(bu)3.77 G 1.27 -(iltin command.).2 F(The)6.27 E -.25(va)144 504 S(lue of this v).25 E +(iltin command.).2 F(The)6.27 E -.25(va)144 492 S(lue of this v).25 E (ariable is also used when performing tilde e)-.25 E(xpansion.)-.15 E F3 -(HOSTFILE)108 516 Q F0 1.015 -(Contains the name of a \214le in the same format as)144 528 R F4 +(HOSTFILE)108 504 Q F0 1.015 +(Contains the name of a \214le in the same format as)144 516 R F4 (/etc/hosts)5.181 E F0 1.015(that should be read when the shell)5.181 F -.551(needs to complete a hostname.)144 540 R .551 +.551(needs to complete a hostname.)144 528 R .551 (The list of possible hostname completions may be changed while)5.551 F -1.058(the shell is running; the ne)144 552 R 1.059 +1.058(the shell is running; the ne)144 540 R 1.059 (xt time hostname completion is attempted after the v)-.15 F 1.059 -(alue is changed,)-.25 F F3(bash)144 564 Q F0 .138 +(alue is changed,)-.25 F F3(bash)144 552 Q F0 .138 (adds the contents of the ne)2.639 F 2.638<778c>-.25 G .138(le to the e) -2.638 F .138(xisting list.)-.15 F(If)5.138 E F1(HOSTFILE)2.638 E F0 .138(is set, b)2.388 F .138(ut has no v)-.2 F .138(alue, or)-.25 F .517 -(does not name a readable \214le,)144 576 R F3(bash)3.017 E F0 .517 +(does not name a readable \214le,)144 564 R F3(bash)3.017 E F0 .517 (attempts to read)3.017 F F4(/etc/hosts)4.684 E F0 .518 -(to obtain the list of possible host-)4.684 F(name completions.)144 588 +(to obtain the list of possible host-)4.684 F(name completions.)144 576 Q(When)5 E F1(HOSTFILE)2.5 E F0(is unset, the hostname list is cleared.) -2.25 E F3(IFS)108 600 Q F0(The)20.44 E F4 .556(Internal F)3.636 F .556 +2.25 E F3(IFS)108 588 Q F0(The)20.44 E F4 .556(Internal F)3.636 F .556 (ield Separ)-.45 F(ator)-.15 E F0 .556(that is used for w)3.786 F .556 (ord splitting after e)-.1 F .555(xpansion and to split lines into)-.15 -F -.1(wo)144 612 S(rds with the).1 E F3 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2 +F -.1(wo)144 600 S(rds with the).1 E F3 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2 (bu)2.5 G(iltin command.).2 E(The def)5 E(ault v)-.1 E(alue is `)-.25 E -(`

')-.25 E('.)-.74 E F3(IGNOREEOF)108 624 Q -F0 .503(Controls the action of an interacti)144 636 R .803 -.15(ve s) +(`

')-.25 E('.)-.74 E F3(IGNOREEOF)108 612 Q +F0 .503(Controls the action of an interacti)144 624 R .803 -.15(ve s) -.25 H .503(hell on receipt of an).15 F F1(EOF)3.003 E F0 .503 (character as the sole input.)2.753 F .504(If set,)5.504 F .426(the v) -144 648 R .426(alue is the number of consecuti)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G F1 +144 636 R .426(alue is the number of consecuti)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G F1 (EOF)3.076 E F0 .426 (characters which must be typed as the \214rst characters)2.676 F .302 -(on an input line before)144 660 R F3(bash)2.802 E F0 -.15(ex)2.802 G +(on an input line before)144 648 R F3(bash)2.802 E F0 -.15(ex)2.802 G 2.802(its. If).15 F .302(the v)2.802 F .302(ariable e)-.25 F .302 (xists b)-.15 F .302(ut does not ha)-.2 F .602 -.15(ve a n)-.2 H .302 -(umeric v).15 F .303(alue, or has)-.25 F(no v)144 672 Q(alue, the def) +(umeric v).15 F .303(alue, or has)-.25 F(no v)144 660 Q(alue, the def) -.25 E(ault v)-.1 E(alue is 10.)-.25 E(If it does not e)5 E(xist,)-.15 E F1(EOF)2.5 E F0(signi\214es the end of input to the shell.)2.25 E F3 -(INPUTRC)108 684 Q F0 1.436(The \214lename for the)144 696 R F3 -.18(re) +(INPUTRC)108 672 Q F0 1.436(The \214lename for the)144 684 R F3 -.18(re) 3.936 G(adline).18 E F0 1.436(startup \214le, o)3.936 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.436(rriding the def).15 F 1.436(ault of)-.1 F F4(~/.inputr)5.602 E(c) --.37 E F0($see)5.601 E F1(READLINE)3.935 E F0(belo)144 708 Q(w$.)-.25 -E(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2013 March 4)146.79 E(15)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +-.37 E F0($see)5.601 E F1(READLINE)3.935 E F0(belo)144 696 Q(w$.)-.25 +E F3(LANG)108 708 Q F0 1.239(Used to determine the locale cate)7.11 F +1.239(gory for an)-.15 F 3.739(yc)-.15 G(ate)-3.739 E 1.24 +(gory not speci\214cally selected with a v)-.15 F(ariable)-.25 E +(starting with)144 720 Q F3(LC_)2.5 E F0(.)A(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q +(2013 September 2)138.455 E(15)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 16 16 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH$1$ B).35 F(ASH$1$) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(LANG)108 84 Q F0 1.239 -(Used to determine the locale cate)7.11 F 1.239(gory for an)-.15 F 3.739 -(yc)-.15 G(ate)-3.739 E 1.24(gory not speci\214cally selected with a v) --.15 F(ariable)-.25 E(starting with)144 96 Q F1(LC_)2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -(LC_ALL)108 108 Q F0 .974(This v)144 120 R .974(ariable o)-.25 F -.15 -(ve)-.15 G .974(rrides the v).15 F .973(alue of)-.25 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 -SF(LANG)3.473 E F0 .973(and an)3.223 F 3.473(yo)-.15 G(ther)-3.473 E F1 -(LC_)3.473 E F0 -.25(va)3.473 G .973(riable specifying a locale cate-) -.25 F(gory)144 132 Q(.)-.65 E F1(LC_COLLA)108 144 Q(TE)-.95 E F0 .411 -(This v)144 156 R .412(ariable determines the collation order used when\ - sorting the results of pathname e)-.25 F(xpansion,)-.15 E 1.465 -(and determines the beha)144 168 R 1.465(vior of range e)-.2 F 1.464 -(xpressions, equi)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.464 -(lence classes, and collating sequences).25 F(within pathname e)144 180 -Q(xpansion and pattern matching.)-.15 E F1(LC_CTYPE)108 192 Q F0 1.935 -(This v)144 204 R 1.936 +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(LC_ALL)108 84 Q F0 .974(This v)144 96 R +.974(ariable o)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .974(rrides the v).15 F .973 +(alue of)-.25 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(LANG)3.473 E F0 .973(and an)3.223 F +3.473(yo)-.15 G(ther)-3.473 E F1(LC_)3.473 E F0 -.25(va)3.473 G .973 +(riable specifying a locale cate-).25 F(gory)144 108 Q(.)-.65 E F1 +(LC_COLLA)108 120 Q(TE)-.95 E F0 .411(This v)144 132 R .412(ariable det\ +ermines the collation order used when sorting the results of pathname e) +-.25 F(xpansion,)-.15 E 1.465(and determines the beha)144 144 R 1.465 +(vior of range e)-.2 F 1.464(xpressions, equi)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G +1.464(lence classes, and collating sequences).25 F(within pathname e)144 +156 Q(xpansion and pattern matching.)-.15 E F1(LC_CTYPE)108 168 Q F0 +1.935(This v)144 180 R 1.936 (ariable determines the interpretation of characters and the beha)-.25 F -1.936(vior of character classes)-.2 F(within pathname e)144 216 Q -(xpansion and pattern matching.)-.15 E F1(LC_MESSA)108 228 Q(GES)-.55 E -F0(This v)144 240 Q(ariable determines the locale used to translate dou\ +1.936(vior of character classes)-.2 F(within pathname e)144 192 Q +(xpansion and pattern matching.)-.15 E F1(LC_MESSA)108 204 Q(GES)-.55 E +F0(This v)144 216 Q(ariable determines the locale used to translate dou\ ble-quoted strings preceded by a)-.25 E F1($)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(LC_NUMERIC) -108 252 Q F0(This v)144 264 Q(ariable determines the locale cate)-.25 E -(gory used for number formatting.)-.15 E F1(LINES)108 276 Q F0 .055 +108 228 Q F0(This v)144 240 Q(ariable determines the locale cate)-.25 E +(gory used for number formatting.)-.15 E F1(LINES)108 252 Q F0 .055 (Used by the)5.99 F F1(select)2.555 E F0 .054(compound command to deter\ mine the column length for printing selection lists.)2.555 F .264 -(Automatically set if the)144 288 R F1(checkwinsize)2.764 E F0 .264 +(Automatically set if the)144 264 R F1(checkwinsize)2.764 E F0 .264 (option is enabled or in an interacti)2.764 F .565 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .265 -(hell upon receipt of a).15 F F2(SIGWINCH)144 300 Q/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 -SF(.)A F1(MAIL)108 312 Q F0 1.201 +(hell upon receipt of a).15 F F2(SIGWINCH)144 276 Q/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 +SF(.)A F1(MAIL)108 288 Q F0 1.201 (If this parameter is set to a \214le or directory name and the)8.78 F F2(MAILP)3.701 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 -.25(va)3.451 G 1.201 (riable is not set,).25 F F1(bash)3.701 E F0 -(informs the user of the arri)144 324 Q -.25(va)-.25 G 2.5(lo).25 G 2.5 +(informs the user of the arri)144 300 Q -.25(va)-.25 G 2.5(lo).25 G 2.5 (fm)-2.5 G(ail in the speci\214ed \214le or Maildir)-2.5 E -(-format directory)-.2 E(.)-.65 E F1(MAILCHECK)108 336 Q F0 .098 -(Speci\214es ho)144 348 R 2.598(wo)-.25 G .098(ften $in seconds$) +(-format directory)-.2 E(.)-.65 E F1(MAILCHECK)108 312 Q F0 .098 +(Speci\214es ho)144 324 R 2.598(wo)-.25 G .098(ften $in seconds$) -2.598 F F1(bash)2.598 E F0 .098(checks for mail.)2.598 F .098(The def) 5.098 F .098(ault is 60 seconds.)-.1 F .099(When it is time)5.099 F .224 (to check for mail, the shell does so before displaying the primary pro\ -mpt.)144 360 R .223(If this v)5.223 F .223(ariable is unset,)-.25 F .066 -(or set to a v)144 372 R .066(alue that is not a number greater than or\ +mpt.)144 336 R .223(If this v)5.223 F .223(ariable is unset,)-.25 F .066 +(or set to a v)144 348 R .066(alue that is not a number greater than or\ equal to zero, the shell disables mail checking.)-.25 F F1(MAILP)108 -384 Q -.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0 2.99(Ac)144 396 S .49 +360 Q -.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0 2.99(Ac)144 372 S .49 (olon-separated list of \214lenames to be check)-2.99 F .49 (ed for mail.)-.1 F .49(The message to be printed when mail)5.49 F(arri) -144 408 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.62(si).15 G 2.62(nap)-2.62 G .12(articular \ +144 384 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.62(si).15 G 2.62(nap)-2.62 G .12(articular \ \214le may be speci\214ed by separating the \214lename from the message\ - with a `?'.)-2.62 F(When used in the te)144 420 Q(xt of the message,) + with a `?'.)-2.62 F(When used in the te)144 396 Q(xt of the message,) -.15 E F1($_)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G (pands to the name of the current mail\214le.).15 E(Example:)5 E F1 -(MAILP)144 432 Q -.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0(=\010/v)A(ar/mail/bfox?"Y) +(MAILP)144 408 Q -.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0(=\010/v)A(ar/mail/bfox?"Y) -.25 E(ou ha)-1.1 E .3 -.15(ve m)-.2 H -(ail":~/shell\255mail?"$_ has mail!"\010).15 E F1(Bash)144 444 Q F0 .389 +(ail":~/shell\255mail?"$_ has mail!"\010).15 E F1(Bash)144 420 Q F0 .389 (supplies a def)2.889 F .389(ault v)-.1 F .389(alue for this v)-.25 F .389(ariable, b)-.25 F .388 (ut the location of the user mail \214les that it uses is)-.2 F -(system dependent $e.g., /v)144 456 Q(ar/mail/)-.25 E F1($USER)A F0 -($.)A F1(OPTERR)108 468 Q F0 .389(If set to the v)144 480 R .389 +(system dependent $e.g., /v)144 432 Q(ar/mail/)-.25 E F1($USER)A F0 +($.)A F1(OPTERR)108 444 Q F0 .389(If set to the v)144 456 R .389 (alue 1,)-.25 F F1(bash)2.889 E F0 .389 (displays error messages generated by the)2.889 F F1(getopts)2.89 E F0 --.2(bu)2.89 G .39(iltin command $see).2 F F2 .36(SHELL B)144 492 R(UIL) +-.2(bu)2.89 G .39(iltin command \(see).2 F F2 .36(SHELL B)144 468 R(UIL) -.09 E .36(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)2.61 E(w$.)-.25 E F2(OPTERR) 5.36 E F0 .359(is initialized to 1 each time the shell is in)2.61 F -.2 -(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E(or a shell script is e)144 504 Q -.15(xe) --.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1 -.74(PA)108 516 S(TH)-.21 E F0 .587 +(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E(or a shell script is e)144 480 Q -.15(xe) +-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1 -.74(PA)108 492 S(TH)-.21 E F0 .587 (The search path for commands.)9.91 F .588 (It is a colon-separated list of directories in which the shell looks) -5.587 F .472(for commands $see)144 528 R F2 .472(COMMAND EXECUTION) +5.587 F .472(for commands \(see)144 504 R F2 .472(COMMAND EXECUTION) 2.972 F F0(belo)2.722 E 2.972(w$. A)-.25 F .471 -(zero-length $null$ directory name in the)2.972 F -.25(va)144 540 S +(zero-length $null$ directory name in the)2.972 F -.25(va)144 516 S .535(lue of).25 F F2 -.666(PA)3.035 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .535 (indicates the current directory)2.785 F 5.535(.A)-.65 G .535 (null directory name may appear as tw)-2.5 F 3.036(oa)-.1 G(djacent) --3.036 E .868(colons, or as an initial or trailing colon.)144 552 R .868 +-3.036 E .868(colons, or as an initial or trailing colon.)144 528 R .868 (The def)5.868 F .867(ault path is system-dependent, and is set by the) --.1 F 26.328(administrator who installs)144 564 R F1(bash)28.828 E F0 +-.1 F 26.328(administrator who installs)144 540 R F1(bash)28.828 E F0 31.329(.A)C 26.329(common v)-2.5 F 26.329(alue is)-.25 F/F4 10/Courier@0 -SF(/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/sbin)144 576 -Q F0(.)A F1(POSIXL)108 588 Q(Y_CORRECT)-.92 E F0 .472(If this v)144 600 +SF(/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/sbin)144 552 +Q F0(.)A F1(POSIXL)108 564 Q(Y_CORRECT)-.92 E F0 .472(If this v)144 576 R .472(ariable is in the en)-.25 F .471(vironment when)-.4 F F1(bash) 2.971 E F0 .471(starts, the shell enters)2.971 F/F5 10/Times-Italic@0 SF .471(posix mode)2.971 F F0 .471(before reading)2.971 F .011 -(the startup \214les, as if the)144 612 R F1(\255\255posix)2.511 E F0 +(the startup \214les, as if the)144 588 R F1(\255\255posix)2.511 E F0 (in)2.511 E -.2(vo)-.4 G .011(cation option had been supplied.).2 F .011 -(If it is set while the shell is)5.011 F(running,)144 624 Q F1(bash)2.5 +(If it is set while the shell is)5.011 F(running,)144 600 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(enables)2.5 E F5(posix mode)2.5 E F0 2.5(,a)C 2.5(si)-2.5 G 2.5(ft) -2.5 G(he command)-2.5 E F4(set -o posix)2.5 E F0(had been e)2.5 E -.15 -(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1(PR)108 636 Q(OMPT_COMMAND)-.3 E F0 -(If set, the v)144 648 Q(alue is e)-.25 E -.15(xe)-.15 G +(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1(PR)108 612 Q(OMPT_COMMAND)-.3 E F0 +(If set, the v)144 624 Q(alue is e)-.25 E -.15(xe)-.15 G (cuted as a command prior to issuing each primary prompt.).15 E F1(PR) -108 660 Q(OMPT_DIR)-.3 E(TRIM)-.4 E F0 .676 -(If set to a number greater than zero, the v)144 672 R .676 +108 636 Q(OMPT_DIR)-.3 E(TRIM)-.4 E F0 .676 +(If set to a number greater than zero, the v)144 648 R .676 (alue is used as the number of trailing directory compo-)-.25 F .923 -(nents to retain when e)144 684 R .923(xpanding the)-.15 F F1(\\w)3.423 +(nents to retain when e)144 660 R .923(xpanding the)-.15 F F1(\\w)3.423 E F0(and)3.423 E F1(\\W)3.423 E F0 .923(prompt string escapes $see) 3.423 F F2(PR)3.423 E(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(belo)3.173 E(w$.)-.25 E -(Characters remo)144 696 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G -(re replaced with an ellipsis.)-2.5 E F1(PS1)108 708 Q F0 .065(The v) +(Characters remo)144 672 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G +(re replaced with an ellipsis.)-2.5 E F1(PS1)108 684 Q F0 .065(The v) 19.33 F .065(alue of this parameter is e)-.25 F .065(xpanded $see)-.15 F F2(PR)2.565 E(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(belo)2.315 E .065 -(w$ and used as the primary prompt)-.25 F 2.5(string. The)144 720 R +(w\) and used as the primary prompt)-.25 F 2.5(string. The)144 696 R (def)2.5 E(ault v)-.1 E(alue is `)-.25 E(`)-.74 E F1(\\s\255\\v\\$)A F0 --.74('')2.5 G(.).74 E(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2013 March 4)146.79 E(16) -195.95 E 0 Cg EP +-.74('')2.5 G(.).74 E F1(PS2)108 708 Q F0 .117(The v)19.33 F .117 +(alue of this parameter is e)-.25 F .117(xpanded as with)-.15 F F2(PS1) +2.617 E F0 .118(and used as the secondary prompt string.)2.368 F(The) +5.118 E(def)144 720 Q(ault is `)-.1 E(`)-.74 E F1(>)A F0 -.74('')2.5 G +(.).74 E(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2013 September 2)138.455 E(16)187.615 E 0 +Cg EP %%Page: 17 17 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH$1$ B).35 F(ASH$1$) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(PS2)108 84 Q F0 .117(The v)19.33 F .117 -(alue of this parameter is e)-.25 F .117(xpanded as with)-.15 F/F2 9 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(PS1)2.617 E F0 .118 -(and used as the secondary prompt string.)2.368 F(The)5.118 E(def)144 96 -Q(ault is `)-.1 E(`)-.74 E F1(>)A F0 -.74('')2.5 G(.).74 E F1(PS3)108 -108 Q F0 1.116(The v)19.33 F 1.115 +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(PS3)108 84 Q F0 1.116(The v)19.33 F 1.115 (alue of this parameter is used as the prompt for the)-.25 F F1(select) -3.615 E F0 1.115(command $see)3.615 F F2 1.115(SHELL GRAM-)3.615 F(MAR) -144 120 Q F0(abo)2.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G($.).15 E F1(PS4)108 132 Q F0 .1 -(The v)19.33 F .1(alue of this parameter is e)-.25 F .1(xpanded as with) --.15 F F2(PS1)2.6 E F0 .101(and the v)2.35 F .101 -(alue is printed before each command)-.25 F F1(bash)144 144 Q F0 .292 +3.615 E F0 1.115(command $see)3.615 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.115 +(SHELL GRAM-)3.615 F(MAR)144 96 Q F0(abo)2.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G($.).15 E +F1(PS4)108 108 Q F0 .1(The v)19.33 F .1(alue of this parameter is e)-.25 +F .1(xpanded as with)-.15 F F2(PS1)2.6 E F0 .101(and the v)2.35 F .101 +(alue is printed before each command)-.25 F F1(bash)144 120 Q F0 .292 (displays during an e)2.792 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .292(cution trace.).15 F .292(The \214rst character of)5.292 F F2(PS4)2.792 E F0 .291 -(is replicated multiple times, as)2.542 F(necessary)144 156 Q 2.5(,t) +(is replicated multiple times, as)2.542 F(necessary)144 132 Q 2.5(,t) -.65 G 2.5(oi)-2.5 G(ndicate multiple le)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G (ls of indirection.).15 E(The def)5 E(ault is `)-.1 E(`)-.74 E F1(+)A F0 --.74('')2.5 G(.).74 E F1(SHELL)108 168 Q F0 .663 -(The full pathname to the shell is k)144 180 R .664(ept in this en)-.1 F +-.74('')2.5 G(.).74 E F1(SHELL)108 144 Q F0 .663 +(The full pathname to the shell is k)144 156 R .664(ept in this en)-.1 F .664(vironment v)-.4 F 3.164(ariable. If)-.25 F .664 -(it is not set when the shell)3.164 F(starts,)144 192 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0 +(it is not set when the shell)3.164 F(starts,)144 168 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0 (assigns to it the full pathname of the current user')2.5 E 2.5(sl)-.55 -G(ogin shell.)-2.5 E F1(TIMEFORMA)108 204 Q(T)-.95 E F0 .827(The v)144 -216 R .826 +G(ogin shell.)-2.5 E F1(TIMEFORMA)108 180 Q(T)-.95 E F0 .827(The v)144 +192 R .826 (alue of this parameter is used as a format string specifying ho)-.25 F 3.326(wt)-.25 G .826(he timing information for)-3.326 F .648 -(pipelines pre\214x)144 228 R .648(ed with the)-.15 F F1(time)3.148 E F0 +(pipelines pre\214x)144 204 R .648(ed with the)-.15 F F1(time)3.148 E F0 (reserv)3.148 E .648(ed w)-.15 F .649(ord should be displayed.)-.1 F (The)5.649 E F1(%)3.149 E F0 .649(character introduces)3.149 F .712 -(an escape sequence that is e)144 240 R .711(xpanded to a time v)-.15 F +(an escape sequence that is e)144 216 R .711(xpanded to a time v)-.15 F .711(alue or other information.)-.25 F .711(The escape sequences)5.711 F -(and their meanings are as follo)144 252 Q -(ws; the braces denote optional portions.)-.25 E F1(%%)144 270 Q F0 2.5 -(Al)30 G(iteral)-2.5 E F1(%)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(%[)144 282 Q/F3 10 +(and their meanings are as follo)144 228 Q +(ws; the braces denote optional portions.)-.25 E F1(%%)144 246 Q F0 2.5 +(Al)30 G(iteral)-2.5 E F1(%)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(%[)144 258 Q/F3 10 /Times-Italic@0 SF(p)A F1(][l]R)A F0(The elapsed time in seconds.)11.68 -E F1(%[)144 294 Q F3(p)A F1(][l]U)A F0 -(The number of CPU seconds spent in user mode.)11.68 E F1(%[)144 306 Q +E F1(%[)144 270 Q F3(p)A F1(][l]U)A F0 +(The number of CPU seconds spent in user mode.)11.68 E F1(%[)144 282 Q F3(p)A F1(][l]S)A F0(The number of CPU seconds spent in system mode.) -13.34 E F1(%P)144 318 Q F0 +13.34 E F1(%P)144 294 Q F0 (The CPU percentage, computed as $%U + %S$ / %R.)33.89 E .87 -(The optional)144 334.8 R F3(p)3.37 E F0 .87(is a digit specifying the) +(The optional)144 310.8 R F3(p)3.37 E F0 .87(is a digit specifying the) 3.37 F F3(pr)3.37 E(ecision)-.37 E F0 3.37(,t)C .87 (he number of fractional digits after a decimal)-3.37 F 2.526(point. A) -144 346.8 R -.25(va)2.526 G .025 +144 322.8 R -.25(va)2.526 G .025 (lue of 0 causes no decimal point or fraction to be output.).25 F .025 (At most three places after the)5.025 F .537 -(decimal point may be speci\214ed; v)144 358.8 R .537(alues of)-.25 F F3 +(decimal point may be speci\214ed; v)144 334.8 R .537(alues of)-.25 F F3 (p)3.037 E F0 .537(greater than 3 are changed to 3.)3.037 F(If)5.538 E -F3(p)3.038 E F0 .538(is not speci\214ed,)3.038 F(the v)144 370.8 Q -(alue 3 is used.)-.25 E .668(The optional)144 387.6 R F1(l)3.168 E F0 +F3(p)3.038 E F0 .538(is not speci\214ed,)3.038 F(the v)144 346.8 Q +(alue 3 is used.)-.25 E .668(The optional)144 363.6 R F1(l)3.168 E F0 .668(speci\214es a longer format, including minutes, of the form)3.168 F F3(MM)3.168 E F0(m)A F3(SS)A F0(.)A F3(FF)A F0 3.167(s. The)B -.25(va) -3.167 G(lue).25 E(of)144 399.6 Q F3(p)2.5 E F0 +3.167 G(lue).25 E(of)144 375.6 Q F3(p)2.5 E F0 (determines whether or not the fraction is included.)2.5 E 13.364 -(If this v)144 416.4 R 13.364(ariable is not set,)-.25 F F1(bash)15.865 +(If this v)144 392.4 R 13.364(ariable is not set,)-.25 F F1(bash)15.865 E F0 13.365(acts as if it had the v)15.865 F(alue)-.25 E F1($\010\\nr) -144 428.4 Q(eal\\t%3lR\\nuser\\t%3lU\\nsys\\%3lS\010)-.18 E F0 7.446(.I) -C 4.946(ft)-7.446 G 2.446(he v)-4.946 F 2.446 +144 404.4 Q(eal\\t%3lR\\nuser\\t%3lU\\nsys\\tt%3lS\010)-.18 E F0 6.78 +(.I)C 4.28(ft)-6.78 G 1.78(he v)-4.28 F 1.78 (alue is null, no timing information is dis-)-.25 F 2.5(played. A)144 -440.4 R(trailing ne)2.5 E +416.4 R(trailing ne)2.5 E (wline is added when the format string is displayed.)-.25 E F1(TMOUT)108 -452.4 Q F0 .941(If set to a v)144 464.4 R .941(alue greater than zero,) +428.4 Q F0 .941(If set to a v)144 440.4 R .941(alue greater than zero,) -.25 F F2(TMOUT)3.441 E F0 .941(is treated as the def)3.191 F .941 (ault timeout for the)-.1 F F1 -.18(re)3.441 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.441 -G(iltin.).2 E(The)144 476.4 Q F1(select)2.811 E F0 .311 +G(iltin.).2 E(The)144 452.4 Q F1(select)2.811 E F0 .311 (command terminates if input does not arri)2.811 F .61 -.15(ve a)-.25 H (fter).15 E F2(TMOUT)2.81 E F0 .31(seconds when input is com-)2.56 F -.885(ing from a terminal.)144 488.4 R .885(In an interacti)5.885 F 1.185 +.885(ing from a terminal.)144 464.4 R .885(In an interacti)5.885 F 1.185 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .885(hell, the v).15 F .886 -(alue is interpreted as the number of seconds to)-.25 F -.1(wa)144 500.4 +(alue is interpreted as the number of seconds to)-.25 F -.1(wa)144 476.4 S 1.05(it for a line of input after issuing the primary prompt.).1 F F1 (Bash)6.05 E F0 1.05(terminates after w)3.55 F 1.05(aiting for that)-.1 -F(number of seconds if a complete line of input does not arri)144 512.4 -Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1(TMPDIR)108 524.4 Q F0 .39(If set,)144 536.4 +F(number of seconds if a complete line of input does not arri)144 488.4 +Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1(TMPDIR)108 500.4 Q F0 .39(If set,)144 512.4 R F1(bash)2.89 E F0 .39(uses its v)2.89 F .39 (alue as the name of a directory in which)-.25 F F1(bash)2.891 E F0 .391 -(creates temporary \214les for the)2.891 F(shell')144 548.4 Q 2.5(su) --.55 G(se.)-2.5 E F1(auto_r)108 560.4 Q(esume)-.18 E F0 .531(This v)144 -572.4 R .531(ariable controls ho)-.25 F 3.031(wt)-.25 G .531 +(creates temporary \214les for the)2.891 F(shell')144 524.4 Q 2.5(su) +-.55 G(se.)-2.5 E F1(auto_r)108 536.4 Q(esume)-.18 E F0 .531(This v)144 +548.4 R .531(ariable controls ho)-.25 F 3.031(wt)-.25 G .531 (he shell interacts with the user and job control.)-3.031 F .53 -(If this v)5.53 F .53(ariable is set,)-.25 F .538(single w)144 584.4 R +(If this v)5.53 F .53(ariable is set,)-.25 F .538(single w)144 560.4 R .538(ord simple commands without redirections are treated as candidates\ - for resumption of an)-.1 F -.15(ex)144 596.4 S .367(isting stopped job) + for resumption of an)-.1 F -.15(ex)144 572.4 S .367(isting stopped job) .15 F 5.367(.T)-.4 G .366(here is no ambiguity allo)-5.367 F .366 (wed; if there is more than one job be)-.25 F .366(ginning with)-.15 F 1.124(the string typed, the job most recently accessed is selected.)144 -608.4 R(The)6.125 E F3(name)3.985 E F0 1.125(of a stopped job, in this) -3.805 F(conte)144 620.4 Q 1.133 +584.4 R(The)6.125 E F3(name)3.985 E F0 1.125(of a stopped job, in this) +3.805 F(conte)144 596.4 Q 1.133 (xt, is the command line used to start it.)-.15 F 1.133(If set to the v) 6.133 F(alue)-.25 E F3 -.2(ex)3.633 G(act).2 E F0 3.632(,t).68 G 1.132 (he string supplied must)-3.632 F .624 -(match the name of a stopped job e)144 632.4 R .624(xactly; if set to) +(match the name of a stopped job e)144 608.4 R .624(xactly; if set to) -.15 F F3(substring)3.125 E F0 3.125(,t).22 G .625 (he string supplied needs to match a)-3.125 F .885 -(substring of the name of a stopped job)144 644.4 R 5.884(.T)-.4 G(he) +(substring of the name of a stopped job)144 620.4 R 5.884(.T)-.4 G(he) -5.884 E F3(substring)3.724 E F0 -.25(va)3.604 G .884(lue pro).25 F .884 -(vides functionality analogous to)-.15 F(the)144 656.4 Q F1(%?)3.333 E +(vides functionality analogous to)-.15 F(the)144 632.4 Q F1(%?)3.333 E F0 .833(job identi\214er $see)5.833 F F2 .834(JOB CONTR)3.334 F(OL)-.27 E F0(belo)3.084 E 3.334(w$. If)-.25 F .834(set to an)3.334 F 3.334(yo) -.15 G .834(ther v)-3.334 F .834(alue, the supplied string)-.25 F .316 -(must be a pre\214x of a stopped job')144 668.4 R 2.816(sn)-.55 G .316 +(must be a pre\214x of a stopped job')144 644.4 R 2.816(sn)-.55 G .316 (ame; this pro)-2.816 F .315(vides functionality analogous to the)-.15 F -F1(%)2.815 E F3(string)A F0(job)2.815 E(identi\214er)144 680.4 Q(.)-.55 -E F1(histchars)108 692.4 Q F0 2.069(The tw)144 704.4 R 4.57(oo)-.1 G +F1(%)2.815 E F3(string)A F0(job)2.815 E(identi\214er)144 656.4 Q(.)-.55 +E F1(histchars)108 668.4 Q F0 2.069(The tw)144 680.4 R 4.57(oo)-.1 G 4.57(rt)-4.57 G 2.07(hree characters which control history e)-4.57 F 2.07(xpansion and tok)-.15 F 2.07(enization $see)-.1 F F2(HIST)4.57 E -(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E(EXP)144 716.4 Q(ANSION)-.666 E F0(belo)3.466 E +(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E(EXP)144 692.4 Q(ANSION)-.666 E F0(belo)3.466 E 3.716(w$. The)-.25 F 1.216(\214rst character is the)3.716 F F3 1.215 (history e)3.715 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0(character)3.715 E 3.715(,t)-.4 G -1.215(he character which)-3.715 F 3.494 -(signals the start of a history e)144 728.4 R 3.494 -(xpansion, normally `)-.15 F F1(!)A F0 5.994('. The)B 3.495 -(second character is the)5.994 F F3(quic)5.995 E(k)-.2 E F0 -(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2013 March 4)146.79 E(17)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +1.215(he character which)-3.715 F .798(signals the start of a history e) +144 704.4 R .798(xpansion, normally `)-.15 F F1(!)A F0 3.298('. The)B +.798(second character is the)3.298 F F3(quic)3.298 E 3.298(ks)-.2 G +(ubstitu-)-3.298 E(tion)144 716.4 Q F0(character)2.74 E 2.74(,w)-.4 G +.239(hich is used as shorthand for re-running the pre)-2.74 F .239 +(vious command entered, substitut-)-.25 F .575 +(ing one string for another in the command.)144 728.4 R .575(The def) +5.575 F .575(ault is `)-.1 F F1(^)A F0 3.075('. The)B .576 +(optional third character is the)3.076 F(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q +(2013 September 2)138.455 E(17)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 18 18 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH$1$ B).35 F(ASH$1$) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(substitution)144 84 Q F0(character)3.477 -E 3.477(,w)-.4 G .977(hich is used as shorthand for re-running the pre) --3.477 F .976(vious command entered,)-.25 F .466 -(substituting one string for another in the command.)144 96 R .466 -(The def)5.466 F .466(ault is `)-.1 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(^)A F0 2.966 -('. The)B .466(optional third charac-)2.966 F .431(ter is the character\ - which indicates that the remainder of the line is a comment when found\ - as the)144 108 R .389(\214rst character of a w)144 120 R .389 -(ord, normally `)-.1 F F2(#)A F0 2.889('. The)B .39 -(history comment character causes history substitution)2.889 F .25 -(to be skipped for the remaining w)144 132 R .25(ords on the line.)-.1 F -.25(It does not necessarily cause the shell parser to)5.25 F -(treat the rest of the line as a comment.)144 144 Q F2(Arrays)87 160.8 Q -(Bash)108 172.8 Q F0(pro)3.39 E .89(vides one-dimensional inde)-.15 F --.15(xe)-.15 G 3.39(da).15 G .891(nd associati)-3.39 F 1.191 -.15(ve a) --.25 H .891(rray v).15 F 3.391(ariables. An)-.25 F 3.391(yv)-.15 G .891 -(ariable may be used as an)-3.641 F(inde)108 184.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G -2.574(da).15 G .074(rray; the)-2.574 F F2(declar)2.574 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2 +-.35 E .223(character which indicates that the remainder of the line is\ + a comment when found as the \214rst char)144 84 R(-)-.2 E 1.293 +(acter of a w)144 96 R 1.293(ord, normally `)-.1 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF +(#)A F0 3.793('. The)B 1.294 +(history comment character causes history substitution to be)3.794 F .38 +(skipped for the remaining w)144 108 R .38(ords on the line.)-.1 F .379 +(It does not necessarily cause the shell parser to treat)5.379 F +(the rest of the line as a comment.)144 120 Q F1(Arrays)87 136.8 Q(Bash) +108 148.8 Q F0(pro)3.39 E .89(vides one-dimensional inde)-.15 F -.15(xe) +-.15 G 3.39(da).15 G .891(nd associati)-3.39 F 1.191 -.15(ve a)-.25 H +.891(rray v).15 F 3.391(ariables. An)-.25 F 3.391(yv)-.15 G .891 +(ariable may be used as an)-3.641 F(inde)108 160.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G +2.574(da).15 G .074(rray; the)-2.574 F F1(declar)2.574 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2 (bu)2.574 G .074(iltin will e).2 F .073(xplicitly declare an array)-.15 F 5.073(.T)-.65 G .073(here is no maximum limit on the size of)-5.073 F -.328(an array)108 196.8 R 2.828(,n)-.65 G .328(or an)-2.828 F 2.828(yr) +.328(an array)108 172.8 R 2.828(,n)-.65 G .328(or an)-2.828 F 2.828(yr) -.15 G .329(equirement that members be inde)-2.828 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.829(do).15 G 2.829(ra)-2.829 G .329(ssigned contiguously)-2.829 F 5.329(.I)-.65 G(nde)-5.329 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.829(da).15 G .329 -(rrays are refer)-2.829 F(-)-.2 E 1.387(enced using inte)108 208.8 R +(rrays are refer)-2.829 F(-)-.2 E 1.387(enced using inte)108 184.8 R 1.387(gers $including arithmetic e)-.15 F 3.887(xpressions$ and)-.15 F 1.387(are zero-based; associati)3.887 F 1.686 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 1.386 (rrays are refer).15 F(-)-.2 E .219(enced using arbitrary strings.)108 -220.8 R .219(Unless otherwise noted, inde)5.219 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.719 +196.8 R .219(Unless otherwise noted, inde)5.219 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.719 (da).15 G .219(rray indices must be non-ne)-2.719 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti) .05 E .52 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(nte).15 E(gers.)-.15 E 2.463(An inde)108 -237.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 4.963(da).15 G 2.463 +213.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 4.963(da).15 G 2.463 (rray is created automatically if an)-4.963 F 4.963(yv)-.15 G 2.462 -(ariable is assigned to using the syntax)-5.213 F F1(name)4.962 E F0([)A -F1(sub-)A(script)108 249.6 Q F0(]=)A F1(value)A F0 6.548(.T)C(he)-6.548 -E F1(subscript)4.388 E F0 1.549(is treated as an arithmetic e)4.728 F -1.549(xpression that must e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.549 -(luate to a number).25 F 6.549(.T)-.55 G(o)-7.349 E -.15(ex)108 261.6 S -1.98(plicitly declare an inde).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 4.48(da).15 G(rray) --4.48 E 4.48(,u)-.65 G(se)-4.48 E F2(declar)4.48 E 4.48<65ad>-.18 G(a) --4.48 E F1(name)4.48 E F0($see)4.48 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.979 -(SHELL B)4.479 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.979(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)4.229 E -(w$.)-.25 E F2(declar)108 273.6 Q 2.5<65ad>-.18 G(a)-2.5 E F1(name)2.5 -E F2([)A F1(subscript)A F2(])A F0(is also accepted; the)2.5 E F1 -(subscript)2.5 E F0(is ignored.)2.5 E(Associati)108 290.4 Q .3 -.15 -(ve a)-.25 H(rrays are created using).15 E F2(declar)2.5 E 2.5<65ad>-.18 -G(A)-2.5 E F1(name)2.5 E F0(.)A(Attrib)108 307.2 Q .94 -(utes may be speci\214ed for an array v)-.2 F .941(ariable using the) --.25 F F2(declar)3.441 E(e)-.18 E F0(and)3.441 E F2 -.18(re)3.441 G -(adonly).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.441 G 3.441(iltins. Each).2 F(attrib)3.441 E -(ute)-.2 E(applies to all members of an array)108 319.2 Q(.)-.65 E 1.647 -(Arrays are assigned to using compound assignments of the form)108 336 R -F1(name)4.147 E F0(=)A F2($)A F0 -.25(va)C(lue).25 E F1(1)A F0 1.647 -(... v)4.147 F(alue)-.25 E F1(n)A F2($)A F0 4.147(,w)C 1.647(here each) --4.147 F F1(value)108 348 Q F0 1.833(is of the form [)4.332 F F1 -(subscript)A F0(]=)A F1(string)A F0 6.833(.I)C(nde)-6.833 E -.15(xe)-.15 +(ariable is assigned to using the syntax)-5.213 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 +SF(name)4.962 E F0([)A F2(sub-)A(script)108 225.6 Q F0(]=)A F2(value)A +F0 6.548(.T)C(he)-6.548 E F2(subscript)4.388 E F0 1.549 +(is treated as an arithmetic e)4.728 F 1.549(xpression that must e)-.15 +F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.549(luate to a number).25 F 6.549(.T)-.55 G(o)-7.349 +E -.15(ex)108 237.6 S 1.98(plicitly declare an inde).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +4.48(da).15 G(rray)-4.48 E 4.48(,u)-.65 G(se)-4.48 E F1(declar)4.48 E +4.48<65ad>-.18 G(a)-4.48 E F2(name)4.48 E F0($see)4.48 E/F3 9 +/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.979(SHELL B)4.479 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.979(TIN COMMANDS) +-.828 F F0(belo)4.229 E(w$.)-.25 E F1(declar)108 249.6 Q 2.5<65ad>-.18 +G(a)-2.5 E F2(name)2.5 E F1([)A F2(subscript)A F1(])A F0 +(is also accepted; the)2.5 E F2(subscript)2.5 E F0(is ignored.)2.5 E +(Associati)108 266.4 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(rrays are created using).15 E +F1(declar)2.5 E 2.5<65ad>-.18 G(A)-2.5 E F2(name)2.5 E F0(.)A(Attrib)108 +283.2 Q .94(utes may be speci\214ed for an array v)-.2 F .941 +(ariable using the)-.25 F F1(declar)3.441 E(e)-.18 E F0(and)3.441 E F1 +-.18(re)3.441 G(adonly).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.441 G 3.441(iltins. Each).2 F +(attrib)3.441 E(ute)-.2 E(applies to all members of an array)108 295.2 Q +(.)-.65 E 1.647 +(Arrays are assigned to using compound assignments of the form)108 312 R +F2(name)4.147 E F0(=)A F1($)A F0 -.25(va)C(lue).25 E F2(1)A F0 1.647 +(... v)4.147 F(alue)-.25 E F2(n)A F1($)A F0 4.147(,w)C 1.647(here each) +-4.147 F F2(value)108 324 Q F0 1.833(is of the form [)4.332 F F2 +(subscript)A F0(]=)A F2(string)A F0 6.833(.I)C(nde)-6.833 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 4.333(da).15 G 1.833(rray assignments do not require an)-4.333 F 1.833 -(ything b)-.15 F(ut)-.2 E F1(string)4.333 E F0(.)A .164 -(When assigning to inde)108 360 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.663(da).15 G .163 +(ything b)-.15 F(ut)-.2 E F2(string)4.333 E F0(.)A .164 +(When assigning to inde)108 336 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.663(da).15 G .163 (rrays, if the optional brack)-2.663 F .163 (ets and subscript are supplied, that inde)-.1 F 2.663(xi)-.15 G 2.663 -(sa)-2.663 G(ssigned)-2.663 E 1.41(to; otherwise the inde)108 372 R 3.91 +(sa)-2.663 G(ssigned)-2.663 E 1.41(to; otherwise the inde)108 348 R 3.91 (xo)-.15 G 3.91(ft)-3.91 G 1.41(he element assigned is the last inde) -3.91 F 3.911(xa)-.15 G 1.411(ssigned to by the statement plus one.) --3.911 F(Inde)108 384 Q(xing starts at zero.)-.15 E -(When assigning to an associati)108 400.8 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(rray).15 +-3.911 F(Inde)108 360 Q(xing starts at zero.)-.15 E +(When assigning to an associati)108 376.8 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(rray).15 E 2.5(,t)-.65 G(he subscript is required.)-2.5 E .24 -(This syntax is also accepted by the)108 417.6 R F2(declar)2.74 E(e)-.18 +(This syntax is also accepted by the)108 393.6 R F1(declar)2.74 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.739 G 2.739(iltin. Indi).2 F .239 -(vidual array elements may be assigned to using the)-.25 F F1(name)108 -429.6 Q F0([)A F1(subscript)A F0(]=)A F1(value)A F0 1.917 +(vidual array elements may be assigned to using the)-.25 F F2(name)108 +405.6 Q F0([)A F2(subscript)A F0(]=)A F2(value)A F0 1.917 (syntax introduced abo)4.416 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 6.917(.W).15 G 1.917 (hen assigning to an inde)-6.917 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 4.417(da).15 G(rray) --4.417 E 4.417(,i)-.65 G(f)-4.417 E F1(name)4.777 E F0 1.917(is sub-) -4.597 F .116(scripted by a ne)108 441.6 R -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .416 +-4.417 E 4.417(,i)-.65 G(f)-4.417 E F2(name)4.777 E F0 1.917(is sub-) +4.597 F .116(scripted by a ne)108 417.6 R -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .416 -.15(ve n)-.25 H(umber).15 E 2.616(,t)-.4 G .115 (hat number is interpreted as relati)-2.616 F .415 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.615(oo).15 G .115(ne greater than the maximum inde)-2.615 F(x)-.15 E -(of)108 453.6 Q F1(name)3.338 E F0 3.338(,s)C 3.338(on)-3.338 G -2.25 +(of)108 429.6 Q F2(name)3.338 E F0 3.338(,s)C 3.338(on)-3.338 G -2.25 -.15(eg a)-3.338 H(ti).15 E 1.138 -.15(ve i)-.25 H .838 (ndices count back from the end of the array).15 F 3.338(,a)-.65 G .838 (nd an inde)-3.338 F 3.338(xo)-.15 G 3.338<66ad>-3.338 G 3.338(1r)-3.338 -G .838(eferences the last)-3.338 F(element.)108 465.6 Q(An)108 482.4 Q +G .838(eferences the last)-3.338 F(element.)108 441.6 Q(An)108 458.4 Q 3.576(ye)-.15 G 1.076(lement of an array may be referenced using ${) --3.576 F F1(name)A F0([)A F1(subscript)A F0 3.575(]}. The)B 1.075 +-3.576 F F2(name)A F0([)A F2(subscript)A F0 3.575(]}. The)B 1.075 (braces are required to a)3.575 F -.2(vo)-.2 G(id).2 E 1.541 -(con\215icts with pathname e)108 494.4 R 4.041(xpansion. If)-.15 F F1 -(subscript)4.041 E F0(is)4.041 E F2(@)4.041 E F0(or)4.041 E F2(*)4.041 E +(con\215icts with pathname e)108 470.4 R 4.041(xpansion. If)-.15 F F2 +(subscript)4.041 E F0(is)4.041 E F1(@)4.041 E F0(or)4.041 E F1(*)4.041 E F0 4.041(,t)C 1.541(he w)-4.041 F 1.541(ord e)-.1 F 1.541 -(xpands to all members of)-.15 F F1(name)4.042 E F0(.)A 1.057 -(These subscripts dif)108 506.4 R 1.057(fer only when the w)-.25 F 1.057 +(xpands to all members of)-.15 F F2(name)4.042 E F0(.)A 1.057 +(These subscripts dif)108 482.4 R 1.057(fer only when the w)-.25 F 1.057 (ord appears within double quotes.)-.1 F 1.056(If the w)6.056 F 1.056 -(ord is double-quoted,)-.1 F(${)108 518.4 Q F1(name)A F0 .52([*]} e)B +(ord is double-quoted,)-.1 F(${)108 494.4 Q F2(name)A F0 .52([*]} e)B .52(xpands to a single w)-.15 F .52(ord with the v)-.1 F .521 (alue of each array member separated by the \214rst character)-.25 F -1.375(of the)108 530.4 R F3(IFS)3.875 E F0 1.375(special v)3.625 F 1.375 -(ariable, and ${)-.25 F F1(name)A F0 1.375([@]} e)B 1.375 -(xpands each element of)-.15 F F1(name)3.875 E F0 1.374(to a separate w) +1.375(of the)108 506.4 R F3(IFS)3.875 E F0 1.375(special v)3.625 F 1.375 +(ariable, and ${)-.25 F F2(name)A F0 1.375([@]} e)B 1.375 +(xpands each element of)-.15 F F2(name)3.875 E F0 1.374(to a separate w) 3.875 F 3.874(ord. When)-.1 F 2.027(there are no array members, ${)108 -542.4 R F1(name)A F0 2.028([@]} e)B 2.028(xpands to nothing.)-.15 F +518.4 R F2(name)A F0 2.028([@]} e)B 2.028(xpands to nothing.)-.15 F 2.028(If the double-quoted e)7.028 F 2.028(xpansion occurs)-.15 F .759 -(within a w)108 554.4 R .759(ord, the e)-.1 F .759 +(within a w)108 530.4 R .759(ord, the e)-.1 F .759 (xpansion of the \214rst parameter is joined with the be)-.15 F .759 (ginning part of the original w)-.15 F(ord,)-.1 E .515(and the e)108 -566.4 R .516(xpansion of the last parameter is joined with the last par\ +542.4 R .516(xpansion of the last parameter is joined with the last par\ t of the original w)-.15 F 3.016(ord. This)-.1 F .516(is analogous)3.016 -F .228(to the e)108 578.4 R .228(xpansion of the special parameters)-.15 -F F2(*)2.728 E F0(and)2.728 E F2(@)2.728 E F0($see)2.728 E F2 .228 +F .228(to the e)108 554.4 R .228(xpansion of the special parameters)-.15 +F F1(*)2.728 E F0(and)2.728 E F1(@)2.728 E F0(\(see)2.728 E F1 .228 (Special P)2.728 F(arameters)-.1 E F0(abo)2.727 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.727 -($. ${#).15 F F1(name)A F0([)A F1(subscript)A F0(]})A -.15(ex)108 590.4 -S .886(pands to the length of ${).15 F F1(name)A F0([)A F1(subscript)A -F0 3.386(]}. If)B F1(subscript)3.386 E F0(is)3.386 E F2(*)3.386 E F0(or) -3.386 E F2(@)3.386 E F0 3.386(,t)C .886(he e)-3.386 F .886 -(xpansion is the number of ele-)-.15 F .463(ments in the array)108 602.4 +(\). ${#).15 F F2(name)A F0([)A F2(subscript)A F0(]})A -.15(ex)108 566.4 +S .886(pands to the length of ${).15 F F2(name)A F0([)A F2(subscript)A +F0 3.386(]}. If)B F2(subscript)3.386 E F0(is)3.386 E F1(*)3.386 E F0(or) +3.386 E F1(@)3.386 E F0 3.386(,t)C .886(he e)-3.386 F .886 +(xpansion is the number of ele-)-.15 F .463(ments in the array)108 578.4 R 5.463(.R)-.65 G .463(eferencing an array v)-5.463 F .462 (ariable without a subscript is equi)-.25 F -.25(va)-.25 G .462 (lent to referencing the array).25 F .233(with a subscript of 0.)108 -614.4 R .233(If the)5.233 F F1(subscript)3.073 E F0 .233 +590.4 R .233(If the)5.233 F F2(subscript)3.073 E F0 .233 (used to reference an element of an inde)3.413 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.733 (da).15 G .233(rray e)-2.733 F -.25(va)-.25 G .233(luates to a num-).25 -F .617(ber less than zero, it is interpreted as relati)108 626.4 R .917 +F .617(ber less than zero, it is interpreted as relati)108 602.4 R .917 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 3.117(oo).15 G .616(ne greater than the maximum inde) -3.117 F 3.116(xo)-.15 G 3.116(ft)-3.116 G .616(he array)-3.116 F 3.116 -(,s)-.65 G 3.116(on)-3.116 G -.15(eg)-3.116 G(-).15 E(ati)108 638.4 Q .3 +(,s)-.65 G 3.116(on)-3.116 G -.15(eg)-3.116 G(-).15 E(ati)108 614.4 Q .3 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(ndices count back from the end of the array).15 E 2.5 (,a)-.65 G(nd an inde)-2.5 E 2.5(xo)-.15 G 2.5<66ad>-2.5 G 2.5(1r)-2.5 G -(eferences the last element.)-2.5 E .168(An array v)108 655.2 R .168 +(eferences the last element.)-2.5 E .168(An array v)108 631.2 R .168 (ariable is considered set if a subscript has been assigned a v)-.25 F 2.668(alue. The)-.25 F .168(null string is a v)2.668 F .168(alid v)-.25 -F(alue.)-.25 E(The)108 672 Q F2(unset)2.767 E F0 -.2(bu)2.767 G .267 -(iltin is used to destro).2 F 2.767(ya)-.1 G(rrays.)-2.767 E F2(unset) -5.267 E F1(name)2.767 E F0([)A F1(subscript)A F0 2.767(]d)C(estro)-2.767 -E .267(ys the array element at inde)-.1 F(x)-.15 E F1(sub-)2.766 E -(script)108 684 Q F0 6.318(.N)C -2.25 -.15(eg a)-6.318 H(ti).15 E 1.618 --.15(ve s)-.25 H 1.318(ubscripts to inde).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.818(da) -.15 G 1.319(rrays are interpreted as described abo)-3.818 F -.15(ve)-.15 -G 6.319(.C).15 G 1.319(are must be tak)-6.319 F 1.319(en to)-.1 F -.2 -(avo)108 696 S .298(id unw).2 F .298(anted side ef)-.1 F .298 -(fects caused by pathname e)-.25 F(xpansion.)-.15 E F2(unset)5.298 E F1 -(name)2.797 E F0 2.797(,w)C(here)-2.797 E F1(name)2.797 E F0 .297 -(is an array)2.797 F 2.797(,o)-.65 G(r)-2.797 E F2(unset)2.797 E F1 -(name)108 708 Q F0([)A F1(subscript)A F0(], where)A F1(subscript)2.5 E -F0(is)2.5 E F2(*)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F2(@)2.5 E F0 2.5(,r)C(emo)-2.5 E --.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(st).15 G(he entire array)-2.5 E(.)-.65 E(The)108 -724.8 Q F2(declar)3.573 E(e)-.18 E F0(,)A F2(local)3.573 E F0 3.573(,a)C -(nd)-3.573 E F2 -.18(re)3.573 G(adonly).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.573 G 1.073 -(iltins each accept a).2 F F23.573 E F0 1.073 -(option to specify an inde)3.573 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.574(da).15 G 1.074 -(rray and a)-3.574 F F23.574 E F0(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q -(2013 March 4)146.79 E(18)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +F(alue.)-.25 E .418(It is possible to obtain the k)108 648 R -.15(ey)-.1 +G 2.918(s$).15 G .418(indices$ of an array as well as the v)-2.918 F +2.917(alues. ${)-.25 F F1(!)A F2(name)A F0([)A F2(@)A F0 .417(]} and ${) +B F1(!)A F2(name)A F0([)A F2(*)A F0(]})A -.15(ex)108 660 S .749 +(pand to the indices assigned in array v).15 F(ariable)-.25 E F2(name) +3.249 E F0 5.749(.T)C .75 +(he treatment when in double quotes is similar to)-5.749 F(the e)108 672 +Q(xpansion of the special parameters)-.15 E F2(@)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F2 +(*)2.5 E F0(within double quotes.)2.5 E(The)108 688.8 Q F1(unset)2.767 E +F0 -.2(bu)2.767 G .267(iltin is used to destro).2 F 2.767(ya)-.1 G +(rrays.)-2.767 E F1(unset)5.267 E F2(name)2.767 E F0([)A F2(subscript)A +F0 2.767(]d)C(estro)-2.767 E .267(ys the array element at inde)-.1 F(x) +-.15 E F2(sub-)2.766 E(script)108 700.8 Q F0 6.318(.N)C -2.25 -.15(eg a) +-6.318 H(ti).15 E 1.618 -.15(ve s)-.25 H 1.318(ubscripts to inde).15 F +-.15(xe)-.15 G 3.818(da).15 G 1.319 +(rrays are interpreted as described abo)-3.818 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 6.319 +(.C).15 G 1.319(are must be tak)-6.319 F 1.319(en to)-.1 F -.2(avo)108 +712.8 S .298(id unw).2 F .298(anted side ef)-.1 F .298 +(fects caused by pathname e)-.25 F(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(unset)5.298 E F2 +(name)2.797 E F0 2.797(,w)C(here)-2.797 E F2(name)2.797 E F0 .297 +(is an array)2.797 F 2.797(,o)-.65 G(r)-2.797 E F1(unset)2.797 E F2 +(name)108 724.8 Q F0([)A F2(subscript)A F0(], where)A F2(subscript)2.5 E +F0(is)2.5 E F1(*)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1(@)2.5 E F0 2.5(,r)C(emo)-2.5 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(st).15 G(he entire array)-2.5 E(.)-.65 E +(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2013 September 2)138.455 E(18)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 19 19 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH$1$ B).35 F(ASH$1$) --.35 E .339(option to specify an associati)108 84 R .638 -.15(ve a)-.25 -H(rray).15 E 5.338(.I)-.65 G 2.838(fb)-5.338 G .338 -(oth options are supplied,)-2.838 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF2.838 E -F0(tak)2.838 E .338(es precedence.)-.1 F(The)5.338 E F1 -.18(re)2.838 G -(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.838 G(iltin).2 E .44(accepts a)108 96 R F1 -2.941 E F0 .441(option to assign a list of w)2.941 F .441 +-.35 E(The)108 84 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(declar)3.573 E(e)-.18 E F0(,)A +F1(local)3.573 E F0 3.573(,a)C(nd)-3.573 E F1 -.18(re)3.573 G(adonly).18 +E F0 -.2(bu)3.573 G 1.073(iltins each accept a).2 F F13.573 E F0 +1.073(option to specify an inde)3.573 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.574(da).15 G +1.074(rray and a)-3.574 F F13.574 E F0 .339 +(option to specify an associati)108 96 R .638 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(rray).15 +E 5.338(.I)-.65 G 2.838(fb)-5.338 G .338(oth options are supplied,) +-2.838 F F12.838 E F0(tak)2.838 E .338(es precedence.)-.1 F(The) +5.338 E F1 -.18(re)2.838 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.838 G(iltin).2 E .44 +(accepts a)108 108 R F12.941 E F0 .441 +(option to assign a list of w)2.941 F .441 (ords read from the standard input to an array)-.1 F 5.441(.T)-.65 G(he) -5.441 E F1(set)2.941 E F0(and)2.941 E F1(declar)2.941 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2 -(bu)108 108 S(iltins display array v).2 E(alues in a w)-.25 E +(bu)108 120 S(iltins display array v).2 E(alues in a w)-.25 E (ay that allo)-.1 E(ws them to be reused as assignments.)-.25 E/F2 10.95 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(EXP)72 124.8 Q(ANSION)-.81 E F0 .76(Expansion is perfo\ -rmed on the command line after it has been split into w)108 136.8 R 3.26 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(EXP)72 136.8 Q(ANSION)-.81 E F0 .76(Expansion is perfo\ +rmed on the command line after it has been split into w)108 148.8 R 3.26 (ords. There)-.1 F .76(are se)3.26 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.26(nk).15 G .76 -(inds of)-3.26 F -.15(ex)108 148.8 S .369(pansion performed:).15 F/F3 10 +(inds of)-3.26 F -.15(ex)108 160.8 S .369(pansion performed:).15 F/F3 10 /Times-Italic@0 SF(br)2.869 E .369(ace e)-.15 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0(,).24 E F3 .369(tilde e)2.869 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0(,).24 E F3(par)2.869 E .369 (ameter and variable e)-.15 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0(,).24 E F3 .37 -(command sub-)2.869 F(stitution)108 160.8 Q F0(,).24 E F3(arithmetic e) +(command sub-)2.869 F(stitution)108 172.8 Q F0(,).24 E F3(arithmetic e) 2.5 E(xpansion)-.2 E F0(,).24 E F3(wor)2.5 E 2.5(ds)-.37 G(plitting)-2.5 E F0 2.5(,a).22 G(nd)-2.5 E F3(pathname e)2.5 E(xpansion)-.2 E F0(.).24 -E .471(The order of e)108 177.6 R .471(xpansions is: brace e)-.15 F .471 +E .471(The order of e)108 189.6 R .471(xpansions is: brace e)-.15 F .471 (xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .471(xpansion, parameter)-.15 F 2.971(,v)-.4 G .47(ariable and arithmetic e)-3.221 F(xpansion)-.15 E -(and command substitution $done in a left-to-right f)108 189.6 Q +(and command substitution \(done in a left-to-right f)108 201.6 Q (ashion$, w)-.1 E(ord splitting, and pathname e)-.1 E(xpansion.)-.15 E -(On systems that can support it, there is an additional e)108 206.4 Q +(On systems that can support it, there is an additional e)108 218.4 Q (xpansion a)-.15 E -.25(va)-.2 G(ilable:).25 E F3(pr)2.5 E -(ocess substitution)-.45 E F0(.)A 1.486(Only brace e)108 223.2 R 1.486 +(ocess substitution)-.45 E F0(.)A 1.486(Only brace e)108 235.2 R 1.486 (xpansion, w)-.15 F 1.486(ord splitting, and pathname e)-.1 F 1.487 (xpansion can change the number of w)-.15 F 1.487(ords of the)-.1 F -.15 -(ex)108 235.2 S 1.165(pansion; other e).15 F 1.165(xpansions e)-.15 F +(ex)108 247.2 S 1.165(pansion; other e).15 F 1.165(xpansions e)-.15 F 1.165(xpand a single w)-.15 F 1.165(ord to a single w)-.1 F 3.665 (ord. The)-.1 F 1.164(only e)3.665 F 1.164(xceptions to this are the) --.15 F -.15(ex)108 247.2 S(pansions of ").15 E F1($@)A F0 2.5("a)C(nd ") +-.15 F -.15(ex)108 259.2 S(pansions of ").15 E F1($@)A F0 2.5("a)C(nd ") -2.5 E F1(${)A F3(name)A F1([@]})A F0 2.5("a)C 2.5(se)-2.5 G (xplained abo)-2.65 E .3 -.15(ve $)-.15 H(see).15 E/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)2.5 G(RAMETERS).666 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF($.)A F1 -(Brace Expansion)87 264 Q F3(Br)108.58 276 Q .606(ace e)-.15 F(xpansion) +(Brace Expansion)87 276 Q F3(Br)108.58 288 Q .606(ace e)-.15 F(xpansion) -.2 E F0 .606 (is a mechanism by which arbitrary strings may be generated.)3.346 F -.606(This mechanism is similar)5.606 F(to)108 288 Q F3 .415(pathname e) +.606(This mechanism is similar)5.606 F(to)108 300 Q F3 .415(pathname e) 2.915 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0 2.915(,b)C .415 (ut the \214lenames generated need not e)-3.115 F 2.915(xist. P)-.15 F .415(atterns to be brace e)-.15 F .415(xpanded tak)-.15 F 2.915(et)-.1 G -(he)-2.915 E .151(form of an optional)108 300 R F3(pr)2.651 E(eamble) +(he)-2.915 E .151(form of an optional)108 312 R F3(pr)2.651 E(eamble) -.37 E F0 2.651(,f).18 G(ollo)-2.651 E .151 (wed by either a series of comma-separated strings or a sequence e)-.25 -F(xpres-)-.15 E .563(sion between a pair of braces, follo)108 312 R .563 +F(xpres-)-.15 E .563(sion between a pair of braces, follo)108 324 R .563 (wed by an optional)-.25 F F3(postscript)3.063 E F0 5.563(.T).68 G .563 (he preamble is pre\214x)-5.563 F .563(ed to each string)-.15 F .659(co\ ntained within the braces, and the postscript is then appended to each \ -resulting string, e)108 324 R .659(xpanding left to)-.15 F(right.)108 -336 Q .719(Brace e)108 352.8 R .719(xpansions may be nested.)-.15 F .719 +resulting string, e)108 336 R .659(xpanding left to)-.15 F(right.)108 +348 Q .719(Brace e)108 364.8 R .719(xpansions may be nested.)-.15 F .719 (The results of each e)5.719 F .719 (xpanded string are not sorted; left to right order is)-.15 F(preserv) -108 364.8 Q 2.5(ed. F)-.15 F(or e)-.15 E(xample, a)-.15 E F1({)A F0 +108 376.8 Q 2.5(ed. F)-.15 F(or e)-.15 E(xample, a)-.15 E F1({)A F0 (d,c,b)A F1(})A F0 2.5(ee)C(xpands into `ade ace abe'.)-2.65 E 3.242(As) -108 381.6 S .742(equence e)-3.242 F .742(xpression tak)-.15 F .742 +108 393.6 S .742(equence e)-3.242 F .742(xpression tak)-.15 F .742 (es the form)-.1 F F1({)3.242 E F3(x)A F1(..)A F3(y)A F1([..)A F3(incr)A F1(]})A F0 3.242(,w)C(here)-3.242 E F3(x)3.242 E F0(and)3.243 E F3(y) 3.243 E F0 .743(are either inte)3.243 F .743(gers or single characters,) --.15 F(and)108 393.6 Q F3(incr)3.032 E F0 3.032(,a)C 3.032(no)-3.032 G +-.15 F(and)108 405.6 Q F3(incr)3.032 E F0 3.032(,a)C 3.032(no)-3.032 G .532(ptional increment, is an inte)-3.032 F(ger)-.15 E 5.532(.W)-.55 G .532(hen inte)-5.532 F .532(gers are supplied, the e)-.15 F .532 (xpression e)-.15 F .531(xpands to each)-.15 F .077(number between)108 -405.6 R F3(x)2.577 E F0(and)2.577 E F3(y)2.577 E F0 2.577(,i)C(nclusi) +417.6 R F3(x)2.577 E F0(and)2.577 E F3(y)2.577 E F0 2.577(,i)C(nclusi) -2.577 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.077(.S).15 G .077(upplied inte)-5.077 F .077 (gers may be pre\214x)-.15 F .077(ed with)-.15 F F3(0)2.577 E F0 .078 (to force each term to ha)2.578 F .378 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E .015 -(same width.)108 417.6 R .015(When either)5.015 F F3(x)2.515 E F0(or) +(same width.)108 429.6 R .015(When either)5.015 F F3(x)2.515 E F0(or) 2.515 E F3(y)2.515 E F0(be)2.515 E .014(gins with a zero, the shell att\ empts to force all generated terms to contain)-.15 F 1.143 -(the same number of digits, zero-padding where necessary)108 429.6 R +(the same number of digits, zero-padding where necessary)108 441.6 R 6.143(.W)-.65 G 1.143(hen characters are supplied, the e)-6.143 F -(xpression)-.15 E -.15(ex)108 441.6 S 1.064(pands to each character le) +(xpression)-.15 E -.15(ex)108 453.6 S 1.064(pands to each character le) .15 F 1.064(xicographically between)-.15 F F3(x)3.564 E F0(and)3.564 E F3(y)3.564 E F0 3.564(,i)C(nclusi)-3.564 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.564(,u).15 G 1.064(sing the def)-3.564 F 1.064(ault C locale.)-.1 F(Note)6.064 E .983 -(that both)108 453.6 R F3(x)3.483 E F0(and)3.483 E F3(y)3.483 E F0 .983 +(that both)108 465.6 R F3(x)3.483 E F0(and)3.483 E F3(y)3.483 E F0 .983 (must be of the same type.)3.483 F .984 (When the increment is supplied, it is used as the dif)5.983 F(ference) --.25 E(between each term.)108 465.6 Q(The def)5 E -(ault increment is 1 or -1 as appropriate.)-.1 E .582(Brace e)108 482.4 +-.25 E(between each term.)108 477.6 Q(The def)5 E +(ault increment is 1 or -1 as appropriate.)-.1 E .582(Brace e)108 494.4 R .582(xpansion is performed before an)-.15 F 3.082(yo)-.15 G .581 (ther e)-3.082 F .581(xpansions, and an)-.15 F 3.081(yc)-.15 G .581 (haracters special to other e)-3.081 F(xpansions)-.15 E .015 -(are preserv)108 494.4 R .015(ed in the result.)-.15 F .015 +(are preserv)108 506.4 R .015(ed in the result.)-.15 F .015 (It is strictly te)5.015 F(xtual.)-.15 E F1(Bash)5.016 E F0 .016 (does not apply an)2.516 F 2.516(ys)-.15 G .016 -(yntactic interpretation to the con-)-2.516 F(te)108 506.4 Q +(yntactic interpretation to the con-)-2.516 F(te)108 518.4 Q (xt of the e)-.15 E(xpansion or the te)-.15 E(xt between the braces.) --.15 E 3.633(Ac)108 523.2 S 1.133(orrectly-formed brace e)-3.633 F 1.132 +-.15 E 3.633(Ac)108 535.2 S 1.133(orrectly-formed brace e)-3.633 F 1.132 (xpansion must contain unquoted opening and closing braces, and at leas\ -t one)-.15 F 3.44(unquoted comma or a v)108 535.2 R 3.441 +t one)-.15 F 3.44(unquoted comma or a v)108 547.2 R 3.441 (alid sequence e)-.25 F 5.941(xpression. An)-.15 F 5.941(yi)-.15 G 3.441 (ncorrectly formed brace e)-5.941 F 3.441(xpansion is left)-.15 F 2.755 -(unchanged. A)108 547.2 R F1({)2.755 E F0(or)2.755 E F1(,)2.755 E F0 +(unchanged. A)108 559.2 R F1({)2.755 E F0(or)2.755 E F1(,)2.755 E F0 .255(may be quoted with a backslash to pre)2.755 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .255 (nt its being considered part of a brace e).15 F(xpres-)-.15 E 2.91 -(sion. T)108 559.2 R 2.91(oa)-.8 G -.2(vo)-3.11 G .41 +(sion. T)108 571.2 R 2.91(oa)-.8 G -.2(vo)-3.11 G .41 (id con\215icts with parameter e).2 F .411(xpansion, the string)-.15 F F1(${)2.911 E F0 .411(is not considered eligible for brace e)2.911 F -(xpan-)-.15 E(sion.)108 571.2 Q 1.476(This construct is typically used \ +(xpan-)-.15 E(sion.)108 583.2 Q 1.476(This construct is typically used \ as shorthand when the common pre\214x of the strings to be generated is) -108 588 R(longer than in the abo)108 600 Q .3 -.15(ve ex)-.15 H(ample:) -.15 E(mkdir /usr/local/src/bash/{old,ne)144 616.8 Q -.65(w,)-.25 G -(dist,b).65 E(ugs})-.2 E(or)108 628.8 Q(cho)144 640.8 Q +108 600 R(longer than in the abo)108 612 Q .3 -.15(ve ex)-.15 H(ample:) +.15 E(mkdir /usr/local/src/bash/{old,ne)144 628.8 Q -.65(w,)-.25 G +(dist,b).65 E(ugs})-.2 E(or)108 640.8 Q(cho)144 652.8 Q (wn root /usr/{ucb/{e)-.25 E(x,edit},lib/{e)-.15 E(x?.?*,ho)-.15 E(w_e) --.25 E(x}})-.15 E .618(Brace e)108 657.6 R .618 +-.25 E(x}})-.15 E .618(Brace e)108 669.6 R .618 (xpansion introduces a slight incompatibility with historical v)-.15 F .618(ersions of)-.15 F F1(sh)3.118 E F0(.)A F1(sh)5.618 E F0 .618 (does not treat open-)3.118 F .248 -(ing or closing braces specially when the)108 669.6 R 2.748(ya)-.15 G +(ing or closing braces specially when the)108 681.6 R 2.748(ya)-.15 G .247(ppear as part of a w)-2.748 F .247(ord, and preserv)-.1 F .247 -(es them in the output.)-.15 F F1(Bash)5.247 E F0(remo)108 681.6 Q -.15 +(es them in the output.)-.15 F F1(Bash)5.247 E F0(remo)108 693.6 Q -.15 (ve)-.15 G 3.53(sb).15 G 1.03(races from w)-3.53 F 1.03 (ords as a consequence of brace e)-.1 F 3.53(xpansion. F)-.15 F 1.03 (or e)-.15 F 1.03(xample, a w)-.15 F 1.03(ord entered to)-.1 F F1(sh) -3.53 E F0(as)3.53 E F3(\214le{1,2})108 693.6 Q F0 .515 +3.53 E F0(as)3.53 E F3(\214le{1,2})108 705.6 Q F0 .515 (appears identically in the output.)3.015 F .515(The same w)5.515 F .515 (ord is output as)-.1 F F3 .514(\214le1 \214le2)4.925 F F0 .514(after e) 3.034 F .514(xpansion by)-.15 F F1(bash)3.014 E F0(.)A .436 -(If strict compatibility with)108 705.6 R F1(sh)2.936 E F0 .436 +(If strict compatibility with)108 717.6 R F1(sh)2.936 E F0 .436 (is desired, start)2.936 F F1(bash)2.936 E F0 .436(with the)2.936 F F1 (+B)2.936 E F0 .436(option or disable brace e)2.936 F .437 -(xpansion with the)-.15 F F1(+B)108 717.6 Q F0(option to the)2.5 E F1 +(xpansion with the)-.15 F F1(+B)108 729.6 Q F0(option to the)2.5 E F1 (set)2.5 E F0(command $see)2.5 E F4(SHELL B)2.5 E(UIL)-.09 E -(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w$.)-.25 E(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q -(2013 March 4)146.79 E(19)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q +(2013 September 2)138.455 E(19)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 20 20 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -2695,7 +2709,7 @@ A(ameter)-.15 E F1(:=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A F1 2.005 (d)-.37 E F0 .535($or a mes-)3.035 F .661(sage to that ef)144 720 R .661(fect if)-.25 F F2(wor)3.501 E(d)-.37 E F0 .662(is not present$ is\ written to the standard error and the shell, if it is not)3.931 F -(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2013 March 4)146.79 E(20)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2013 September 2)138.455 E(20)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 21 21 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -2817,8 +2831,8 @@ A F0([)A F1(@)A F0(]})A(${)108 573.6 Q F2(!)A F1(name)A F0([)A F1(*)A F0 3.472(,s)C 3.472(on)-3.472 G -2.25 -.15(eg a)-3.472 H(ti).15 E 1.272 -.15(ve i)-.25 H .972(ndices count back).15 F(from the end of the array) 144 698.4 Q 2.5(,a)-.65 G(nd an inde)-2.5 E 2.5(xo)-.15 G 2.5<66ad>-2.5 -G 2.5(1r)-2.5 G(eferences the last element.)-2.5 E(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q -(2013 March 4)146.79 E(21)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +G 2.5(1r)-2.5 G(eferences the last element.)-2.5 E(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q +(2013 September 2)138.455 E(21)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 22 22 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -2953,8 +2967,8 @@ Q F1 1.697(Command substitution)108 643.2 R F0(allo)4.197 E 1.697 (and replacing the command substitution with the stan-)2.519 F .768 (dard output of the command, with an)108 724.8 R 3.268(yt)-.15 G .768 (railing ne)-3.268 F .768(wlines deleted.)-.25 F .768(Embedded ne)5.768 -F .768(wlines are not deleted, b)-.25 F(ut)-.2 E(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q -(2013 March 4)146.79 E(22)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +F .768(wlines are not deleted, b)-.25 F(ut)-.2 E(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q +(2013 September 2)138.455 E(22)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 23 23 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -2989,232 +3003,233 @@ F(on the results.)108 206.4 Q F1(Arithmetic Expansion)87 223.2 Q F0 144 264 Q F2 -.2(ex)C(pr).2 E(ession)-.37 E F1(\)\))A F0(The)108 280.8 Q F2 -.2(ex)2.665 G(pr).2 E(ession)-.37 E F0 .165 (is treated as if it were within double quotes, b)2.905 F .166 -(ut a double quote inside the parentheses is not)-.2 F 1.075 -(treated specially)108 292.8 R 6.075(.A)-.65 G 1.074(ll tok)-6.075 F -1.074(ens in the e)-.1 F 1.074(xpression under)-.15 F 1.074 -(go parameter e)-.18 F 1.074(xpansion, string e)-.15 F 1.074 -(xpansion, command)-.15 F(substitution, and quote remo)108 304.8 Q -.25 -(va)-.15 G 2.5(l. Arithmetic).25 F -.15(ex)2.5 G -(pansions may be nested.).15 E 1.378(The e)108 321.6 R -.25(va)-.25 G -1.378(luation is performed according to the rules listed belo).25 F -3.878(wu)-.25 G(nder)-3.878 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.378(ARITHMETIC EV) -3.878 F(ALU)-1.215 E -.855(AT)-.54 G(ION).855 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.) -A F0(If)5.879 E F2 -.2(ex)108 333.6 S(pr).2 E(ession)-.37 E F0(is in) -2.74 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid,).25 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0 -(prints a message indicating f)2.5 E(ailure and no substitution occurs.) --.1 E F1(Pr)87 350.4 Q(ocess Substitution)-.18 E F2(Pr)108 362.4 Q .971 -(ocess substitution)-.45 F F0 .971 -(is supported on systems that support named pipes $)3.471 F F2(FIFOs)A -F0 3.47($o)C 3.47(rt)-3.47 G(he)-3.47 E F1(/de)3.47 E(v/fd)-.15 E F0 -.97(method of)3.47 F .021(naming open \214les.)108 374.4 R .021(It tak) -5.021 F .021(es the form of)-.1 F F1(<$)2.521 E F2(list)A F1($).833 E -F0(or)2.521 E F1(>$)2.521 E F2(list)A F1($).833 E F0 5.021(.T)C .021 -(he process)-5.021 F F2(list)2.521 E F0 .021 -(is run with its input or output con-)2.521 F .059(nected to a)108 386.4 -R F2(FIFO)2.559 E F0 .058(or some \214le in)2.559 F F1(/de)2.558 E(v/fd) +(ut a double quote inside the parentheses is not)-.2 F .231 +(treated specially)108 292.8 R 5.231(.A)-.65 G .231(ll tok)-5.231 F .231 +(ens in the e)-.1 F .231(xpression under)-.15 F .231(go parameter and v) +-.18 F .23(ariable e)-.25 F .23(xpansion, command substi-)-.15 F 1.059 +(tution, and quote remo)108 304.8 R -.25(va)-.15 G 3.559(l. The).25 F +1.059(result is treated as the arithmetic e)3.559 F 1.06 +(xpression to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 3.56(luated. Arithmetic).25 F +-.15(ex)108 316.8 S(pansions may be nested.).15 E 1.379(The e)108 333.6 +R -.25(va)-.25 G 1.378 +(luation is performed according to the rules listed belo).25 F 3.878(wu) +-.25 G(nder)-3.878 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.378(ARITHMETIC EV)3.878 F +(ALU)-1.215 E -.855(AT)-.54 G(ION).855 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 +(If)5.878 E F2 -.2(ex)108 345.6 S(pr).2 E(ession)-.37 E F0(is in)2.74 E +-.25(va)-.4 G(lid,).25 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(prints a message indicating f) +2.5 E(ailure and no substitution occurs.)-.1 E F1(Pr)87 362.4 Q +(ocess Substitution)-.18 E F2(Pr)108 374.4 Q .97(ocess substitution)-.45 +F F0 .971(is supported on systems that support named pipes $)3.47 F F2 +(FIFOs)A F0 3.471($o)C 3.471(rt)-3.471 G(he)-3.471 E F1(/de)3.471 E +(v/fd)-.15 E F0 .971(method of)3.471 F .022(naming open \214les.)108 +386.4 R .021(It tak)5.022 F .021(es the form of)-.1 F F1(<$)2.521 E F2 +(list)A F1($).833 E F0(or)2.521 E F1(>$)2.521 E F2(list)A F1($).833 E +F0 5.021(.T)C .021(he process)-5.021 F F2(list)2.521 E F0 .021 +(is run with its input or output con-)2.521 F .058(nected to a)108 398.4 +R F2(FIFO)2.558 E F0 .058(or some \214le in)2.558 F F1(/de)2.558 E(v/fd) -.15 E F0 5.058(.T)C .058(he name of this \214le is passed as an ar) --5.058 F .058(gument to the current com-)-.18 F .13 -(mand as the result of the e)108 398.4 R 2.63(xpansion. If)-.15 F(the) +-5.058 F .059(gument to the current com-)-.18 F .131 +(mand as the result of the e)108 410.4 R 2.631(xpansion. If)-.15 F(the) 2.63 E F1(>$)2.63 E F2(list)A F1($).833 E F0 .13 -(form is used, writing to the \214le will pro)2.63 F .131 -(vide input for)-.15 F F2(list)2.631 E F0(.)A(If the)108 410.4 Q F1(<$) -2.5 E F2(list)A F1($).833 E F0 -(form is used, the \214le passed as an ar)2.5 E +(form is used, writing to the \214le will pro)2.63 F .13(vide input for) +-.15 F F2(list)2.63 E F0(.)A(If the)108 422.4 Q F1(<$)2.5 E F2(list)A +F1($).833 E F0(form is used, the \214le passed as an ar)2.5 E (gument should be read to obtain the output of)-.18 E F2(list)2.5 E F0 -(.)A .897(When a)108 427.2 R -.25(va)-.2 G .896(ilable, process substit\ -ution is performed simultaneously with parameter and v).25 F .896 +(.)A .896(When a)108 439.2 R -.25(va)-.2 G .896(ilable, process substit\ +ution is performed simultaneously with parameter and v).25 F .897 (ariable e)-.25 F(xpansion,)-.15 E -(command substitution, and arithmetic e)108 439.2 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1 --.75(Wo)87 456 S(rd Splitting).75 E F0 1.142 -(The shell scans the results of parameter e)108 468 R 1.143 -(xpansion, command substitution, and arithmetic e)-.15 F 1.143 -(xpansion that)-.15 F(did not occur within double quotes for)108 480 Q +(command substitution, and arithmetic e)108 451.2 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1 +-.75(Wo)87 468 S(rd Splitting).75 E F0 1.143 +(The shell scans the results of parameter e)108 480 R 1.142 +(xpansion, command substitution, and arithmetic e)-.15 F 1.142 +(xpansion that)-.15 F(did not occur within double quotes for)108 492 Q F2(wor)2.5 E 2.5(ds)-.37 G(plitting)-2.5 E F0(.).22 E .063 -(The shell treats each character of)108 496.8 R F3(IFS)2.563 E F0 .063 +(The shell treats each character of)108 508.8 R F3(IFS)2.563 E F0 .063 (as a delimiter)2.313 F 2.563(,a)-.4 G .063 (nd splits the results of the other e)-2.563 F .063(xpansions into w) --.15 F(ords)-.1 E 1.788(on these characters.)108 508.8 R(If)6.788 E F3 -(IFS)4.288 E F0 1.788(is unset, or its v)4.038 F 1.789(alue is e)-.25 F -(xactly)-.15 E F1()4.289 E F0 4.289(,t)C 1.789 -(he def)-4.289 F 1.789(ault, then)-.1 F .022(sequences of)108 520.8 R F1 -()2.522 E F0(,)A F1()2.522 E F0 2.521(,a)C(nd)-2.521 E F1 -()2.521 E F0 .021(at the be)2.521 F .021 -(ginning and end of the results of the pre)-.15 F .021(vious e)-.25 F -(xpan-)-.15 E .585(sions are ignored, and an)108 532.8 R 3.086(ys)-.15 G -.586(equence of)-3.086 F F3(IFS)3.086 E F0 .586 -(characters not at the be)2.836 F .586(ginning or end serv)-.15 F .586 -(es to delimit w)-.15 F(ords.)-.1 E(If)108 544.8 Q F3(IFS)3.617 E F0 -1.117(has a v)3.367 F 1.117(alue other than the def)-.25 F 1.117 -(ault, then sequences of the whitespace characters)-.1 F F1(space)3.617 -E F0(and)3.617 E F1(tab)3.617 E F0(are)3.617 E .315(ignored at the be) -108 556.8 R .315(ginning and end of the w)-.15 F .315 -(ord, as long as the whitespace character is in the v)-.1 F .315 -(alue of)-.25 F F3(IFS)2.815 E F0($an)2.566 E F3(IFS)108 568.8 Q F0 -1.054(whitespace character$.)3.304 F(An)6.054 E 3.554(yc)-.15 G 1.054 -(haracter in)-3.554 F F3(IFS)3.554 E F0 1.053(that is not)3.303 F F3 -(IFS)3.553 E F0 1.053(whitespace, along with an)3.303 F 3.553(ya)-.15 G -(djacent)-3.553 E F3(IFS)3.553 E F0 .331 -(whitespace characters, delimits a \214eld.)108 580.8 R 2.831(As)5.331 G -.332(equence of)-2.831 F F3(IFS)2.832 E F0 .332 -(whitespace characters is also treated as a delim-)2.582 F(iter)108 -592.8 Q 5(.I)-.55 G 2.5(ft)-5 G(he v)-2.5 E(alue of)-.25 E F3(IFS)2.5 E -F0(is null, no w)2.25 E(ord splitting occurs.)-.1 E 1.879 -(Explicit null ar)108 609.6 R 1.879(guments \()-.18 F F1 .833("").833 G +-.15 F(ords)-.1 E .207(using these characters as \214eld terminators.) +108 520.8 R(If)5.207 E F3(IFS)2.707 E F0 .207(is unset, or its v)2.457 F +.207(alue is e)-.25 F(xactly)-.15 E F1()2.707 E F0 +(,)A .836(the def)108 532.8 R .836(ault, then sequences of)-.1 F F1 +()3.336 E F0(,)A F1()3.336 E F0 3.336(,a)C(nd)-3.336 E F1 +()3.336 E F0 .837(at the be)3.336 F .837 +(ginning and end of the results of)-.15 F .346(the pre)108 544.8 R .345 +(vious e)-.25 F .345(xpansions are ignored, and an)-.15 F 2.845(ys)-.15 +G .345(equence of)-2.845 F F3(IFS)2.845 E F0 .345 +(characters not at the be)2.595 F .345(ginning or end serv)-.15 F(es) +-.15 E 1.236(to delimit w)108 556.8 R 3.736(ords. If)-.1 F F3(IFS)3.736 +E F0 1.236(has a v)3.486 F 1.236(alue other than the def)-.25 F 1.237 +(ault, then sequences of the whitespace characters)-.1 F F1(space)108 +568.8 Q F0(and)3.187 E F1(tab)3.187 E F0 .687(are ignored at the be) +3.187 F .687(ginning and end of the w)-.15 F .686 +(ord, as long as the whitespace character is in)-.1 F .276(the v)108 +580.8 R .276(alue of)-.25 F F3(IFS)2.777 E F0($an)2.527 E F3(IFS)2.777 +E F0 .277(whitespace character$.)2.527 F(An)5.277 E 2.777(yc)-.15 G +.277(haracter in)-2.777 F F3(IFS)2.777 E F0 .277(that is not)2.527 F F3 +(IFS)2.777 E F0 .277(whitespace, along with)2.527 F(an)108 592.8 Q 3.336 +(ya)-.15 G(djacent)-3.336 E F3(IFS)3.336 E F0 .836 +(whitespace characters, delimits a \214eld.)3.086 F 3.335(As)5.835 G +.835(equence of)-3.335 F F3(IFS)3.335 E F0 .835 +(whitespace characters is also)3.085 F(treated as a delimiter)108 604.8 +Q 5(.I)-.55 G 2.5(ft)-5 G(he v)-2.5 E(alue of)-.25 E F3(IFS)2.5 E F0 +(is null, no w)2.25 E(ord splitting occurs.)-.1 E 1.878 +(Explicit null ar)108 621.6 R 1.878(guments $)-.18 F F1 .833("").833 G F0(or)3.545 E F1 .833<0808>5.211 G F0 4.378($a)C 1.878(re retained.) --4.378 F 1.878(Unquoted implicit null ar)6.878 F 1.878 -(guments, resulting from the)-.18 F -.15(ex)108 621.6 S .176 -(pansion of parameters that ha).15 F .476 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.676(ov).15 G -.176(alues, are remo)-2.926 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.676(d. If).15 F 2.677(ap) -2.677 G .177(arameter with no v)-2.677 F .177(alue is e)-.25 F .177 -(xpanded within)-.15 F(double quotes, a null ar)108 633.6 Q -(gument results and is retained.)-.18 E(Note that if no e)108 650.4 Q -(xpansion occurs, no splitting is performed.)-.15 E F1 -.1(Pa)87 667.2 S -(thname Expansion).1 E F0 .371(After w)108 679.2 R .371 -(ord splitting, unless the)-.1 F F12.871 E F0 .371 -(option has been set,)2.871 F F1(bash)2.871 E F0 .37(scans each w)2.87 F -.37(ord for the characters)-.1 F F1(*)2.87 E F0(,)A F1(?)2.87 E F0 2.87 -(,a)C(nd)-2.87 E F1([)2.87 E F0(.)A .677 -(If one of these characters appears, then the w)108 691.2 R .677 +-4.378 F 1.878(Unquoted implicit null ar)6.878 F 1.879 +(guments, resulting from the)-.18 F -.15(ex)108 633.6 S .177 +(pansion of parameters that ha).15 F .477 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.677(ov).15 G +.177(alues, are remo)-2.927 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.676(d. If).15 F 2.676(ap) +2.676 G .176(arameter with no v)-2.676 F .176(alue is e)-.25 F .176 +(xpanded within)-.15 F(double quotes, a null ar)108 645.6 Q +(gument results and is retained.)-.18 E(Note that if no e)108 662.4 Q +(xpansion occurs, no splitting is performed.)-.15 E F1 -.1(Pa)87 679.2 S +(thname Expansion).1 E F0 .37(After w)108 691.2 R .37 +(ord splitting, unless the)-.1 F F12.87 E F0 .37 +(option has been set,)2.87 F F1(bash)2.87 E F0 .371(scans each w)2.871 F +.371(ord for the characters)-.1 F F1(*)2.871 E F0(,)A F1(?)2.871 E F0 +2.871(,a)C(nd)-2.871 E F1([)2.871 E F0(.)A .678 +(If one of these characters appears, then the w)108 703.2 R .677 (ord is re)-.1 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .677(rded as a).05 F F2(pattern)3.177 E -F0 3.177(,a).24 G .678(nd replaced with an alphabeti-)-3.177 F .562 -(cally sorted list of \214lenames matching the pattern $see)108 703.2 R +F0 3.177(,a).24 G .677(nd replaced with an alphabeti-)-3.177 F .562 +(cally sorted list of \214lenames matching the pattern \(see)108 715.2 R F3 -.09(Pa)3.062 G(tter).09 E 2.812(nM)-.135 G(atching)-2.812 E F0(belo) -2.812 E 3.062(w$. If)-.25 F .561(no matching \214lenames)3.061 F .008 -(are found, and the shell option)108 715.2 R F1(nullglob)2.508 E F0 .008 -(is not enabled, the w)2.508 F .009(ord is left unchanged.)-.1 F .009 -(If the)5.009 F F1(nullglob)2.509 E F0 .009(option is)2.509 F .443 -(set, and no matches are found, the w)108 727.2 R .443(ord is remo)-.1 F --.15(ve)-.15 G 2.943(d. If).15 F(the)2.942 E F1(failglob)2.942 E F0 .442 -(shell option is set, and no matches are)2.942 F(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q -(2013 March 4)146.79 E(23)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +2.812 E 3.062(w\). If)-.25 F .562(no matching \214lenames)3.062 F .009 +(are found, and the shell option)108 727.2 R F1(nullglob)2.509 E F0 .008 +(is not enabled, the w)2.509 F .008(ord is left unchanged.)-.1 F .008 +(If the)5.008 F F1(nullglob)2.508 E F0 .008(option is)2.508 F +(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2013 September 2)138.455 E(23)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 24 24 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH$1$ B).35 F(ASH$1$) --.35 E 1.38(found, an error message is printed and the command is not e) -108 84 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.88(cuted. If).15 F 1.38(the shell option)3.88 -F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(nocaseglob)3.88 E F0(is)3.88 E .104 -(enabled, the match is performed without re)108 96 R -.05(ga)-.15 G .104 -(rd to the case of alphabetic characters.).05 F .103 -(When a pattern is used)5.103 F .377(for pathname e)108 108 R .377 +-.35 E .442(set, and no matches are found, the w)108 84 R .442 +(ord is remo)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.942(d. If).15 F(the)2.943 E/F1 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(failglob)2.943 E F0 .443 +(shell option is set, and no matches are)2.943 F 1.38 +(found, an error message is printed and the command is not e)108 96 R +-.15(xe)-.15 G 3.88(cuted. If).15 F 1.38(the shell option)3.88 F F1 +(nocaseglob)3.88 E F0(is)3.88 E .103 +(enabled, the match is performed without re)108 108 R -.05(ga)-.15 G +.104(rd to the case of alphabetic characters.).05 F .104 +(When a pattern is used)5.104 F .378(for pathname e)108 120 R .378 (xpansion, the character)-.15 F F1 -.63(``)2.878 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 -E F0 .378(at the start of a name or immediately follo)5.378 F .378 -(wing a slash must be)-.25 F .579(matched e)108 120 R(xplicitly)-.15 E -3.079(,u)-.65 G .579(nless the shell option)-3.079 F F1(dotglob)3.079 E -F0 .579(is set.)3.079 F .578 -(When matching a pathname, the slash character)5.579 F 1.788(must al)108 -132 R -.1(wa)-.1 G 1.788(ys be matched e).1 F(xplicitly)-.15 E 6.788(.I) +E F0 .378(at the start of a name or immediately follo)5.378 F .377 +(wing a slash must be)-.25 F .578(matched e)108 132 R(xplicitly)-.15 E +3.078(,u)-.65 G .578(nless the shell option)-3.078 F F1(dotglob)3.079 E +F0 .579(is set.)3.079 F .579 +(When matching a pathname, the slash character)5.579 F 1.789(must al)108 +144 R -.1(wa)-.1 G 1.788(ys be matched e).1 F(xplicitly)-.15 E 6.788(.I) -.65 G 4.288(no)-6.788 G 1.788(ther cases, the)-4.288 F F1 -.63(``)4.288 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0 1.788(character is not treated specially) -6.788 F 6.789(.S)-.65 G 1.789(ee the)-6.789 F .166(description of)108 -144 R F1(shopt)2.666 E F0(belo)2.666 E 2.666(wu)-.25 G(nder)-2.666 E/F2 -9/Times-Bold@0 SF .166(SHELL B)2.666 F(UIL)-.09 E .165(TIN COMMANDS) --.828 F F0 .165(for a description of the)2.415 F F1(nocaseglob)2.665 E -F0(,)A F1(null-)2.665 E(glob)108 156 Q F0(,)A F1(failglob)2.5 E F0 2.5 -(,a)C(nd)-2.5 E F1(dotglob)2.5 E F0(shell options.)2.5 E(The)108 172.8 Q -F2(GLOBIGNORE)2.785 E F0 .285(shell v)2.535 F .285 +6.788 F 6.788(.S)-.65 G 1.788(ee the)-6.788 F .165(description of)108 +156 R F1(shopt)2.665 E F0(belo)2.665 E 2.665(wu)-.25 G(nder)-2.665 E/F2 +9/Times-Bold@0 SF .165(SHELL B)2.665 F(UIL)-.09 E .165(TIN COMMANDS) +-.828 F F0 .166(for a description of the)2.415 F F1(nocaseglob)2.666 E +F0(,)A F1(null-)2.666 E(glob)108 168 Q F0(,)A F1(failglob)2.5 E F0 2.5 +(,a)C(nd)-2.5 E F1(dotglob)2.5 E F0(shell options.)2.5 E(The)108 184.8 Q +F2(GLOBIGNORE)2.786 E F0 .286(shell v)2.536 F .285 (ariable may be used to restrict the set of \214lenames matching a)-.25 -F/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(pattern)2.786 E F0 5.286(.I).24 G(f)-5.286 E -F2(GLO-)2.786 E(BIGNORE)108 184.8 Q F0 2.316(is set, each matching \214\ -lename that also matches one of the patterns in)4.566 F F2(GLOBIGNORE) -4.816 E F0(is)4.565 E(remo)108 196.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.659(df).15 G -.159(rom the list of matches.)-2.659 F .16(The \214lenames)5.16 F F1 --.63(``)2.66 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0(and)5.16 E F1 -.63(``)2.66 G -(..).63 E -.63('')-.55 G F0 .16(are al)5.79 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .16 -(ys ignored when).1 F F2(GLOBIGNORE)2.66 E F0(is)2.41 E .046 -(set and not null.)108 208.8 R(Ho)5.046 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .846 --.4(r, s).15 H(etting).4 E F2(GLOBIGNORE)2.546 E F0 .046 -(to a non-null v)2.296 F .045(alue has the ef)-.25 F .045 -(fect of enabling the)-.25 F F1(dotglob)2.545 E F0 .786 -(shell option, so all other \214lenames be)108 220.8 R .787 -(ginning with a)-.15 F F1 -.63(``)3.287 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0 .787 -(will match.)5.787 F 2.387 -.8(To g)5.787 H .787(et the old beha).8 F -.787(vior of ignoring)-.2 F .642(\214lenames be)108 232.8 R .642 -(ginning with a)-.15 F F1 -.63(``)3.142 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0 -3.142(,m)C(ak)-3.142 E(e)-.1 E F1 -.63(``)3.142 G(.*').63 E(')-.63 E F0 -.642(one of the patterns in)5.642 F F2(GLOBIGNORE)3.141 E/F4 9 -/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(The)5.141 E F1(dotglob)3.141 E F0 .641 -(option is)3.141 F(disabled when)108 244.8 Q F2(GLOBIGNORE)2.5 E F0 -(is unset.)2.25 E F1 -.1(Pa)108 261.6 S(tter).1 E 2.5(nM)-.15 G(atching) --2.5 E F0(An)108 278.4 Q 3.138(yc)-.15 G .638(haracter that appears in \ +F/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(pattern)2.785 E F0 5.285(.I).24 G(f)-5.285 E +F2(GLO-)2.785 E(BIGNORE)108 196.8 Q F0 2.316(is set, each matching \214\ +lename that also matches one of the patterns in)4.565 F F2(GLOBIGNORE) +4.816 E F0(is)4.566 E(remo)108 208.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.66(df).15 G .16 +(rom the list of matches.)-2.66 F .16(The \214lenames)5.16 F F1 -.63(``) +2.66 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0(and)5.16 E F1 -.63(``)2.66 G(..).63 E +-.63('')-.55 G F0 .16(are al)5.79 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .159(ys ignored when).1 +F F2(GLOBIGNORE)2.659 E F0(is)2.409 E .045(set and not null.)108 220.8 R +(Ho)5.045 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .845 -.4(r, s).15 H(etting).4 E F2 +(GLOBIGNORE)2.545 E F0 .046(to a non-null v)2.296 F .046 +(alue has the ef)-.25 F .046(fect of enabling the)-.25 F F1(dotglob) +2.546 E F0 .787(shell option, so all other \214lenames be)108 232.8 R +.787(ginning with a)-.15 F F1 -.63(``)3.287 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0 +.787(will match.)5.787 F 2.386 -.8(To g)5.787 H .786(et the old beha).8 +F .786(vior of ignoring)-.2 F .641(\214lenames be)108 244.8 R .641 +(ginning with a)-.15 F F1 -.63(``)3.141 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0 +3.141(,m)C(ak)-3.141 E(e)-.1 E F1 -.63(``)3.141 G(.*').63 E(')-.63 E F0 +.642(one of the patterns in)5.642 F F2(GLOBIGNORE)3.142 E/F4 9 +/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(The)5.142 E F1(dotglob)3.142 E F0 .642 +(option is)3.142 F(disabled when)108 256.8 Q F2(GLOBIGNORE)2.5 E F0 +(is unset.)2.25 E F1 -.1(Pa)108 273.6 S(tter).1 E 2.5(nM)-.15 G(atching) +-2.5 E F0(An)108 290.4 Q 3.138(yc)-.15 G .638(haracter that appears in \ a pattern, other than the special pattern characters described belo) --3.138 F 1.938 -.65(w, m)-.25 H(atches).65 E 3.62(itself. The)108 290.4 +-3.138 F 1.938 -.65(w, m)-.25 H(atches).65 E 3.62(itself. The)108 302.4 R 1.12(NUL character may not occur in a pattern.)3.62 F 3.62(Ab)6.12 G 1.12(ackslash escapes the follo)-3.62 F 1.12(wing character; the)-.25 F -.576(escaping backslash is discarded when matching.)108 302.4 R .576 +.576(escaping backslash is discarded when matching.)108 314.4 R .576 (The special pattern characters must be quoted if the)5.576 F 3.076(ya) --.15 G(re)-3.076 E(to be matched literally)108 314.4 Q(.)-.65 E -(The special pattern characters ha)108 331.2 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H -(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1(*)144 348 Q F0 .377(Matches an) -31 F 2.877(ys)-.15 G .376(tring, including the null string.)-2.877 F -.376(When the)5.376 F F1(globstar)2.876 E F0 .376 -(shell option is enabled,)2.876 F(and)180 360 Q F1(*)3.275 E F0 .775 +-.15 G(re)-3.076 E(to be matched literally)108 326.4 Q(.)-.65 E +(The special pattern characters ha)108 343.2 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H +(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1(*)144 360 Q F0 .376(Matches an) +31 F 2.876(ys)-.15 G .376(tring, including the null string.)-2.876 F +.376(When the)5.376 F F1(globstar)2.876 E F0 .377 +(shell option is enabled,)2.876 F(and)180 372 Q F1(*)3.275 E F0 .775 (is used in a pathname e)3.275 F .775(xpansion conte)-.15 F .775(xt, tw) -.15 F 3.275(oa)-.1 G(djacent)-3.275 E F1(*)3.275 E F0 3.275(su)C .775 (sed as a single pattern)-3.275 F 1.058(will match all \214les and zero\ - or more directories and subdirectories.)180 372 R 1.058(If follo)6.058 -F 1.058(wed by a)-.25 F F1(/)3.558 E F0(,)A(tw)180 384 Q 2.5(oa)-.1 G + or more directories and subdirectories.)180 384 R 1.058(If follo)6.058 +F 1.058(wed by a)-.25 F F1(/)3.558 E F0(,)A(tw)180 396 Q 2.5(oa)-.1 G (djacent)-2.5 E F1(*)2.5 E F0 2.5(sw)C -(ill match only directories and subdirectories.)-2.5 E F1(?)144 396 Q F0 +(ill match only directories and subdirectories.)-2.5 E F1(?)144 408 Q F0 (Matches an)31 E 2.5(ys)-.15 G(ingle character)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1([...]) -144 408 Q F0 .578(Matches an)21.84 F 3.078(yo)-.15 G .578 -(ne of the enclosed characters.)-3.078 F 3.079(Ap)5.579 G .579 -(air of characters separated by a h)-3.079 F(yphen)-.05 E .685 -(denotes a)180 420 R F3 -.15(ra)3.185 G(ng).15 E 3.184(ee)-.1 G(xpr) +144 420 Q F0 .579(Matches an)21.84 F 3.079(yo)-.15 G .579 +(ne of the enclosed characters.)-3.079 F 3.079(Ap)5.579 G .578 +(air of characters separated by a h)-3.079 F(yphen)-.05 E .684 +(denotes a)180 432 R F3 -.15(ra)3.184 G(ng).15 E 3.184(ee)-.1 G(xpr) -3.384 E(ession)-.37 E F0 3.184(;a)C .984 -.15(ny c)-3.184 H .684 -(haracter that f).15 F .684(alls between those tw)-.1 F 3.184(oc)-.1 G -.684(haracters, inclu-)-3.184 F(si)180 432 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.712(,u).15 -G 1.212(sing the current locale')-3.712 F 3.712(sc)-.55 G 1.212 -(ollating sequence and character set, is matched.)-3.712 F 1.213(If the) -6.213 F 1.124(\214rst character follo)180 444 R 1.124(wing the)-.25 F F1 -([)3.624 E F0 1.124(is a)3.624 F F1(!)3.624 E F0 1.124(or a)6.124 F F1 -(^)3.623 E F0 1.123(then an)3.623 F 3.623(yc)-.15 G 1.123 -(haracter not enclosed is matched.)-3.623 F .894 -(The sorting order of characters in range e)180 456 R .895 -(xpressions is determined by the current locale)-.15 F .376(and the v) -180 468 R .376(alues of the)-.25 F F2(LC_COLLA)2.875 E(TE)-.855 E F0(or) +(haracter that f).15 F .684(alls between those tw)-.1 F 3.185(oc)-.1 G +.685(haracters, inclu-)-3.185 F(si)180 444 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.713(,u).15 +G 1.213(sing the current locale')-3.713 F 3.712(sc)-.55 G 1.212 +(ollating sequence and character set, is matched.)-3.712 F 1.212(If the) +6.212 F 1.123(\214rst character follo)180 456 R 1.123(wing the)-.25 F F1 +([)3.623 E F0 1.123(is a)3.623 F F1(!)3.623 E F0 1.124(or a)6.123 F F1 +(^)3.624 E F0 1.124(then an)3.624 F 3.624(yc)-.15 G 1.124 +(haracter not enclosed is matched.)-3.624 F .895 +(The sorting order of characters in range e)180 468 R .894 +(xpressions is determined by the current locale)-.15 F .375(and the v) +180 480 R .375(alues of the)-.25 F F2(LC_COLLA)2.875 E(TE)-.855 E F0(or) 2.625 E F2(LC_ALL)2.875 E F0 .375(shell v)2.625 F .375 -(ariables, if set.)-.25 F 1.975 -.8(To o)5.375 H .375(btain the tra-).8 -F .067(ditional interpretation of range e)180 480 R .067 -(xpressions, where)-.15 F F1([a\255d])2.567 E F0 .068(is equi)2.568 F --.25(va)-.25 G .068(lent to).25 F F1([abcd])2.568 E F0 2.568(,s)C .068 -(et v)-2.568 F(alue)-.25 E .157(of the)180 492 R F1(LC_ALL)2.657 E F0 -.157(shell v)2.657 F .157(ariable to)-.25 F F1(C)2.657 E F0 2.657(,o)C +(ariables, if set.)-.25 F 1.976 -.8(To o)5.376 H .376(btain the tra-).8 +F .068(ditional interpretation of range e)180 492 R .068 +(xpressions, where)-.15 F F1([a\255d])2.568 E F0 .067(is equi)2.567 F +-.25(va)-.25 G .067(lent to).25 F F1([abcd])2.567 E F0 2.567(,s)C .067 +(et v)-2.567 F(alue)-.25 E .156(of the)180 504 R F1(LC_ALL)2.656 E F0 +.156(shell v)2.656 F .156(ariable to)-.25 F F1(C)2.657 E F0 2.657(,o)C 2.657(re)-2.657 G .157(nable the)-2.657 F F1(globasciiranges)2.657 E F0 -.156(shell option.)2.656 F(A)5.156 E F12.656 E F0(may)2.656 E .193(\ +.157(shell option.)2.657 F(A)5.157 E F12.657 E F0(may)2.657 E .193(\ be matched by including it as the \214rst or last character in the set.) -180 504 R(A)5.193 E F1(])2.693 E F0 .194(may be matched by)2.693 F -(including it as the \214rst character in the set.)180 516 Q -.4(Wi)180 -534 S(thin).4 E F1([)3.071 E F0(and)3.071 E F1(])3.071 E F0(,)A F3 -.15 -(ch)3.071 G(ar).15 E .571(acter classes)-.15 F F0 .571 -(can be speci\214ed using the syntax)3.071 F F1([:)3.07 E F3(class)A F1 -(:])A F0 3.07(,w)C(here)-3.07 E F3(class)3.07 E F0(is one of the follo) -180 546 Q(wing classes de\214ned in the POSIX standard:)-.25 E F1 8.173 -(alnum alpha ascii blank cntrl digit graph lo)180 558 R 8.173 -(wer print punct space)-.1 F 5(upper w)180 570 R 5(ord xdigit)-.1 F F0 -4.29(Ac)180 582 S 1.789(haracter class matches an)-4.29 F 4.289(yc)-.15 -G 1.789(haracter belonging to that class.)-4.289 F(The)6.789 E F1 -.1 -(wo)4.289 G(rd).1 E F0(character)4.289 E -(class matches letters, digits, and the character _.)180 594 Q -.4(Wi) -180 612 S(thin).4 E F1([)4.536 E F0(and)4.536 E F1(])4.536 E F0 4.536 -(,a)C(n)-4.536 E F3 2.036(equivalence class)4.536 F F0 2.037 -(can be speci\214ed using the syntax)4.536 F F1([=)4.537 E F3(c)A F1(=]) -A F0 4.537(,w)C(hich)-4.537 E .125(matches all characters with the same\ - collation weight $as de\214ned by the current locale$ as)180 624 R -(the character)180 636 Q F3(c)2.5 E F0(.)A -.4(Wi)180 654 S(thin).4 E F1 +180 516 R(A)5.193 E F1(])2.693 E F0 .193(may be matched by)2.693 F +(including it as the \214rst character in the set.)180 528 Q -.4(Wi)180 +546 S(thin).4 E F1([)3.07 E F0(and)3.07 E F1(])3.07 E F0(,)A F3 -.15(ch) +3.07 G(ar).15 E .571(acter classes)-.15 F F0 .571 +(can be speci\214ed using the syntax)3.071 F F1([:)3.071 E F3(class)A F1 +(:])A F0 3.071(,w)C(here)-3.071 E F3(class)3.071 E F0 +(is one of the follo)180 558 Q +(wing classes de\214ned in the POSIX standard:)-.25 E F1 8.173 +(alnum alpha ascii blank cntrl digit graph lo)180 570 R 8.173 +(wer print punct space)-.1 F 5(upper w)180 582 R 5(ord xdigit)-.1 F F0 +4.289(Ac)180 594 S 1.789(haracter class matches an)-4.289 F 4.289(yc) +-.15 G 1.789(haracter belonging to that class.)-4.289 F(The)6.789 E F1 +-.1(wo)4.29 G(rd).1 E F0(character)4.29 E +(class matches letters, digits, and the character _.)180 606 Q -.4(Wi) +180 624 S(thin).4 E F1([)4.537 E F0(and)4.537 E F1(])4.537 E F0 4.537 +(,a)C(n)-4.537 E F3 2.037(equivalence class)4.537 F F0 2.036 +(can be speci\214ed using the syntax)4.536 F F1([=)4.536 E F3(c)A F1(=]) +A F0 4.536(,w)C(hich)-4.536 E .125(matches all characters with the same\ + collation weight $as de\214ned by the current locale$ as)180 636 R +(the character)180 648 Q F3(c)2.5 E F0(.)A -.4(Wi)180 666 S(thin).4 E F1 ([)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F1(])2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(he syntax)-2.5 E F1([.)2.5 E F3(symbol)A F1(.])A F0(matches the collating symbol)2.5 E F3(symbol) -2.5 E F0(.)A .704(If the)108 670.8 R F1(extglob)3.204 E F0 .705 -(shell option is enabled using the)3.204 F F1(shopt)3.205 E F0 -.2(bu) -3.205 G .705(iltin, se).2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .705(ral e).15 F .705 -(xtended pattern matching operators)-.15 F .256(are recognized.)108 -682.8 R .256(In the follo)5.256 F .256(wing description, a)-.25 F F3 +2.5 E F0(.)A .705(If the)108 682.8 R F1(extglob)3.205 E F0 .705 +(shell option is enabled using the)3.205 F F1(shopt)3.205 E F0 -.2(bu) +3.205 G .704(iltin, se).2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .704(ral e).15 F .704 +(xtended pattern matching operators)-.15 F .255(are recognized.)108 +694.8 R .255(In the follo)5.255 F .255(wing description, a)-.25 F F3 (pattern-list)2.755 E F0 .255 -(is a list of one or more patterns separated by a)2.755 F F1(|)2.755 E +(is a list of one or more patterns separated by a)2.755 F F1(|)2.756 E F0(.)A(Composite patterns may be formed using one or more of the follo) -108 694.8 Q(wing sub-patterns:)-.25 E(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q -(2013 March 4)146.79 E(24)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +108 706.8 Q(wing sub-patterns:)-.25 E(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q +(2013 September 2)138.455 E(24)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 25 25 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -3232,11 +3247,11 @@ E F1(\)).833 E F0(Matches one or more occurrences of the gi)180 144 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(!$)144 180 Q F2 (pattern-list).833 E F1($).833 E F0(Matches an)180 192 Q(ything e)-.15 E(xcept one of the gi)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E -F1(Quote Remo)87 208.8 Q -.1(va)-.1 G(l).1 E F0 1.112 -(After the preceding e)108 220.8 R 1.112 +F1(Quote Remo)87 208.8 Q -.1(va)-.1 G(l).1 E F0 1.113 +(After the preceding e)108 220.8 R 1.113 (xpansions, all unquoted occurrences of the characters)-.15 F F1(\\) -3.613 E F0(,)A F1<08>3.613 E F0 3.613(,a)C(nd)-3.613 E F1(")4.446 E F0 -1.113(that did not result)4.446 F(from one of the abo)108 232.8 Q .3 +3.613 E F0(,)A F1<08>3.612 E F0 3.612(,a)C(nd)-3.612 E F1(")4.445 E F0 +1.112(that did not result)4.445 F(from one of the abo)108 232.8 Q .3 -.15(ve ex)-.15 H(pansions are remo).15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(REDIRECTION)72 249.6 Q F0 .545 (Before a command is e)108 261.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .545 @@ -3244,42 +3259,42 @@ F1(Quote Remo)87 208.8 Q -.1(va)-.1 G(l).1 E F0 1.112 (ected)-.37 E F0 .545(using a special notation interpreted)3.815 F .405 (by the shell.)108 273.6 R .405(Redirection allo)5.405 F .405(ws comman\ ds' \214le handles to be duplicated, opened, closed, made to refer to) --.25 F(dif)108 285.6 Q 1.02(ferent \214les, and can change the \214les \ -the command reads from and writes to.)-.25 F 1.019 -(Redirection may also be)6.019 F .215 +-.25 F(dif)108 285.6 Q 1.019(ferent \214les, and can change the \214les\ + the command reads from and writes to.)-.25 F 1.02 +(Redirection may also be)6.02 F .215 (used to modify \214le handles in the current shell e)108 297.6 R -.15 (xe)-.15 G .215(cution en).15 F 2.715(vironment. The)-.4 F(follo)2.715 E -.215(wing redirection operators)-.25 F .876(may precede or appear an)108 -309.6 R .876(ywhere within a)-.15 F F2 .875(simple command)3.715 F F0 -.875(or may follo)4.145 F 3.375(wa)-.25 G F2(command)A F0 5.875(.R).77 G -.875(edirections are)-5.875 F(processed in the order the)108 321.6 Q 2.5 +.215(wing redirection operators)-.25 F .875(may precede or appear an)108 +309.6 R .875(ywhere within a)-.15 F F2 .875(simple command)3.715 F F0 +.875(or may follo)4.145 F 3.376(wa)-.25 G F2(command)A F0 5.876(.R).77 G +.876(edirections are)-5.876 F(processed in the order the)108 321.6 Q 2.5 (ya)-.15 G(ppear)-2.5 E 2.5(,f)-.4 G(rom left to right.)-2.5 E .771(Eac\ h redirection that may be preceded by a \214le descriptor number may in\ -stead be preceded by a w)108 338.4 R .772(ord of)-.1 F .293(the form {) +stead be preceded by a w)108 338.4 R .771(ord of)-.1 F .292(the form {) 108 350.4 R F2(varname)A F0 2.793(}. In)B .293 (this case, for each redirection operator e)2.793 F .293 -(xcept >&- and <&-, the shell will allocate)-.15 F 3.179<618c>108 362.4 -S .679(le descriptor greater than or equal to 10 and assign it to)-3.179 -F F2(varname)3.179 E F0 5.679(.I)C 3.179(f>)-5.679 G .679 +(xcept >&- and <&-, the shell will allocate)-.15 F 3.18<618c>108 362.4 S +.679(le descriptor greater than or equal to 10 and assign it to)-3.18 F +F2(varname)3.179 E F0 5.679(.I)C 3.179(f>)-5.679 G .679 (&- or <&- is preceded by {)-3.179 F F2(var)A(-)-.2 E(name)108 374.4 Q F0(}, the v)A(alue of)-.25 E F2(varname)2.5 E F0 -(de\214nes the \214le descriptor to close.)2.5 E .284(In the follo)108 -391.2 R .283(wing descriptions, if the \214le descriptor number is omit\ -ted, and the \214rst character of the redirect-)-.25 F .512 +(de\214nes the \214le descriptor to close.)2.5 E .283(In the follo)108 +391.2 R .284(wing descriptions, if the \214le descriptor number is omit\ +ted, and the \214rst character of the redirect-)-.25 F .513 (ion operator is)108 403.2 R F1(<)3.012 E F0 3.012(,t)C .512 (he redirection refers to the standard input $\214le descriptor 0$.) -3.012 F .512(If the \214rst character of the)5.512 F (redirection operator is)108 415.2 Q F1(>)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C (he redirection refers to the standard output $\214le descriptor 1$.) --2.5 E .825(The w)108 432 R .825(ord follo)-.1 F .824 -(wing the redirection operator in the follo)-.25 F .824 -(wing descriptions, unless otherwise noted, is sub-)-.25 F .462 -(jected to brace e)108 444 R .462(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .463 -(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .463(ariable e)-.25 F .463 -(xpansion, command substitution, arith-)-.15 F .867(metic e)108 456 R -.867(xpansion, quote remo)-.15 F -.25(va)-.15 G .867(l, pathname e).25 F +-2.5 E .824(The w)108 432 R .824(ord follo)-.1 F .824 +(wing the redirection operator in the follo)-.25 F .825 +(wing descriptions, unless otherwise noted, is sub-)-.25 F .463 +(jected to brace e)108 444 R .463(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .462 +(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .462(ariable e)-.25 F .462 +(xpansion, command substitution, arith-)-.15 F .866(metic e)108 456 R +.866(xpansion, quote remo)-.15 F -.25(va)-.15 G .866(l, pathname e).25 F .867(xpansion, and w)-.15 F .867(ord splitting.)-.1 F .867(If it e)5.867 -F .866(xpands to more than one)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 468 S(rd,).1 E F1(bash) +F .867(xpands to more than one)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 468 S(rd,).1 E F1(bash) 2.5 E F0(reports an error)2.5 E(.)-.55 E (Note that the order of redirections is signi\214cant.)108 484.8 Q -.15 (Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample, the command)-2.65 E(ls)144 501.6 Q F1(>)2.5 @@ -3291,9 +3306,9 @@ Q F2(dirlist)2.5 E F0 2.5(,w).68 G(hile the command)-2.5 E(ls 2)144 F0 3.027(,b).68 G .527(ecause the standard error w)-3.027 F .527 (as duplicated from the standard)-.1 F (output before the standard output w)108 564 Q(as redirected to)-.1 E F2 -(dirlist)2.5 E F0(.).68 E F1(Bash)108 580.8 Q F0 .599(handles se)3.099 F --.15(ve)-.25 G .599(ral \214lenames specially when the).15 F 3.099(ya) --.15 G .598(re used in redirections, as described in the follo)-3.099 F +(dirlist)2.5 E F0(.).68 E F1(Bash)108 580.8 Q F0 .598(handles se)3.098 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G .598(ral \214lenames specially when the).15 F 3.099(ya) +-.15 G .599(re used in redirections, as described in the follo)-3.099 F (wing)-.25 E(table:)108 592.8 Q F1(/de)144 609.6 Q(v/fd/)-.15 E F2(fd)A F0(If)180 621.6 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(is a v)2.5 E(alid inte)-.25 E(ger)-.15 E 2.5<2c8c>-.4 G(le descriptor)-2.5 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0(is duplicated.)2.5 @@ -3302,28 +3317,28 @@ E F1(/de)144 633.6 Q(v/stdin)-.15 E F0(File descriptor 0 is duplicated.) (File descriptor 1 is duplicated.)180 669.6 Q F1(/de)144 681.6 Q (v/stderr)-.15 E F0(File descriptor 2 is duplicated.)180 693.6 Q F1(/de) 144 705.6 Q(v/tcp/)-.15 E F2(host)A F1(/)A F2(port)A F0(If)180 717.6 Q -F2(host)2.996 E F0 .496(is a v)2.996 F .496 -(alid hostname or Internet address, and)-.25 F F2(port)2.997 E F0 .497 -(is an inte)2.997 F .497(ger port number or ser)-.15 F(-)-.2 E +F2(host)2.997 E F0 .497(is a v)2.997 F .497 +(alid hostname or Internet address, and)-.25 F F2(port)2.996 E F0 .496 +(is an inte)2.996 F .496(ger port number or ser)-.15 F(-)-.2 E (vice name,)180 729.6 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0 (attempts to open the corresponding TCP sock)2.5 E(et.)-.1 E -(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2013 March 4)146.79 E(25)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2013 September 2)138.455 E(25)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 26 26 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH$1$ B).35 F(ASH$1$) -.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(/de)144 84 Q(v/udp/)-.15 E/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(host)A F1(/)A F2(port)A F0(If)180 96 Q F2(host)2.997 -E F0 .497(is a v)2.997 F .497(alid hostname or Internet address, and) --.25 F F2(port)2.996 E F0 .496(is an inte)2.996 F .496 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(host)A F1(/)A F2(port)A F0(If)180 96 Q F2(host)2.996 +E F0 .496(is a v)2.996 F .496(alid hostname or Internet address, and) +-.25 F F2(port)2.997 E F0 .497(is an inte)2.997 F .497 (ger port number or ser)-.15 F(-)-.2 E(vice name,)180 108 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(attempts to open the corresponding UDP sock)2.5 E(et.)-.1 E 2.5(Af) 108 124.8 S (ailure to open or create a \214le causes the redirection to f)-2.6 E -(ail.)-.1 E .946(Redirections using \214le descriptors greater than 9 s\ -hould be used with care, as the)108 141.6 R 3.447(ym)-.15 G .947 -(ay con\215ict with \214le)-3.447 F +(ail.)-.1 E .947(Redirections using \214le descriptors greater than 9 s\ +hould be used with care, as the)108 141.6 R 3.446(ym)-.15 G .946 +(ay con\215ict with \214le)-3.446 F (descriptors the shell uses internally)108 153.6 Q(.)-.65 E F1(Redir)87 170.4 Q(ecting Input)-.18 E F0 .391 (Redirection of input causes the \214le whose name results from the e) @@ -3334,43 +3349,43 @@ hould be used with care, as the)108 141.6 R 3.447(ym)-.15 G .947 (is not speci\214ed.)2.74 E (The general format for redirecting input is:)108 211.2 Q([)144 228 Q F2 (n)A F0(])A F1(<)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F1(Redir)87 244.8 Q(ecting Output) --.18 E F0 .174 +-.18 E F0 .175 (Redirection of output causes the \214le whose name results from the e) -108 256.8 R .175(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.015 E(d)-.37 E F0 .175 -(to be opened for writ-)3.445 F .825(ing on \214le descriptor)108 268.8 -R F2(n)3.325 E F0 3.325(,o).24 G 3.325(rt)-3.325 G .824 -(he standard output $\214le descriptor 1$ if)-3.325 F F2(n)3.684 E F0 -.824(is not speci\214ed.)3.564 F .824(If the \214le does not)5.824 F +108 256.8 R .174(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.014 E(d)-.37 E F0 .174 +(to be opened for writ-)3.444 F .824(ing on \214le descriptor)108 268.8 +R F2(n)3.324 E F0 3.324(,o).24 G 3.324(rt)-3.324 G .824 +(he standard output $\214le descriptor 1$ if)-3.324 F F2(n)3.684 E F0 +.824(is not speci\214ed.)3.564 F .825(If the \214le does not)5.825 F -.15(ex)108 280.8 S(ist it is created; if it does e).15 E (xist it is truncated to zero size.)-.15 E (The general format for redirecting output is:)108 297.6 Q([)144 314.4 Q -F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .154 -(If the redirection operator is)108 331.2 R F1(>)2.654 E F0 2.654(,a)C -.154(nd the)-2.654 F F1(noclob)2.654 E(ber)-.1 E F0 .154(option to the) -2.654 F F1(set)2.655 E F0 -.2(bu)2.655 G .155 -(iltin has been enabled, the redirection).2 F .658(will f)108 343.2 R -.658(ail if the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F .658 -(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.158 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.158 G .657 -(ists and is a re).15 F .657(gular \214le.)-.15 F .657(If the redi-) -5.657 F .408(rection operator is)108 355.2 R F1(>|)2.909 E F0 2.909(,o)C +F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .155 +(If the redirection operator is)108 331.2 R F1(>)2.655 E F0 2.655(,a)C +.155(nd the)-2.655 F F1(noclob)2.655 E(ber)-.1 E F0 .154(option to the) +2.654 F F1(set)2.654 E F0 -.2(bu)2.654 G .154 +(iltin has been enabled, the redirection).2 F .657(will f)108 343.2 R +.657(ail if the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F .658 +(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.158 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.158 G .658 +(ists and is a re).15 F .658(gular \214le.)-.15 F .658(If the redi-) +5.658 F .409(rection operator is)108 355.2 R F1(>|)2.909 E F0 2.909(,o)C 2.909(rt)-2.909 G .409(he redirection operator is)-2.909 F F1(>)2.909 E F0 .409(and the)2.909 F F1(noclob)2.909 E(ber)-.1 E F0 .409 -(option to the)2.909 F F1(set)2.909 E F0 -.2(bu)2.909 G .409 +(option to the)2.909 F F1(set)2.909 E F0 -.2(bu)2.908 G .408 (iltin command).2 F(is not enabled, the redirection is attempted e)108 367.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he \214le named by) -2.5 E F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists.).15 E F1 -.25(Ap)87 -384 S(pending Redir).25 E(ected Output)-.18 E F0 .642 +384 S(pending Redir).25 E(ected Output)-.18 E F0 .641 (Redirection of output in this f)108 396 R .642 -(ashion causes the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F .641 -(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.481 E(d)-.37 E F0 .641(to be)3.911 F .473 -(opened for appending on \214le descriptor)108 408 R F2(n)2.973 E F0 +(ashion causes the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F .642 +(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.482 E(d)-.37 E F0 .642(to be)3.912 F .474 +(opened for appending on \214le descriptor)108 408 R F2(n)2.974 E F0 2.974(,o).24 G 2.974(rt)-2.974 G .474 -(he standard output $\214le descriptor 1$ if)-2.974 F F2(n)3.334 E F0 -.474(is not speci\214ed.)3.214 F(If)5.474 E(the \214le does not e)108 +(he standard output $\214le descriptor 1$ if)-2.974 F F2(n)3.333 E F0 +.473(is not speci\214ed.)3.213 F(If)5.473 E(the \214le does not e)108 420 Q(xist it is created.)-.15 E (The general format for appending output is:)108 436.8 Q([)144 453.6 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>>)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F1(Redir)87 475.2 Q -(ecting Standard Output and Standard Err)-.18 E(or)-.18 E F0 .249 +(ecting Standard Output and Standard Err)-.18 E(or)-.18 E F0 .248 (This construct allo)108 487.2 R .249(ws both the standard output $\ \214le descriptor 1$ and the standard error output $\214le descrip-) -.25 F(tor 2$ to be redirected to the \214le whose name is the e)108 @@ -3381,13 +3396,13 @@ F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>>)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F1(Redir)87 475.2 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(Of the tw)108 573.6 Q 2.5(of)-.1 G (orms, the \214rst is preferred.)-2.5 E(This is semantically equi)5 E -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1(>)144 590.4 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(2)2.5 -E F1(>&)A F0(1)A .114(When using the second form,)108 607.2 R F2(wor) +E F1(>&)A F0(1)A .115(When using the second form,)108 607.2 R F2(wor) 2.614 E(d)-.37 E F0 .114(may not e)2.614 F .114(xpand to a number or) --.15 F F12.614 E F0 5.114(.I)C 2.614(fi)-5.114 G 2.615(td)-2.614 G -.115(oes, other redirection operators)-2.615 F(apply $see)108 619.2 Q +-.15 F F12.614 E F0 5.114(.I)C 2.614(fi)-5.114 G 2.614(td)-2.614 G +.114(oes, other redirection operators)-2.614 F(apply \(see)108 619.2 Q F1(Duplicating File Descriptors)2.5 E F0(belo)2.5 E (w$ for compatibility reasons.)-.25 E F1 -.25(Ap)87 636 S -(pending Standard Output and Standard Err).25 E(or)-.18 E F0 .249 +(pending Standard Output and Standard Err).25 E(or)-.18 E F0 .248 (This construct allo)108 648 R .249(ws both the standard output $\214l\ e descriptor 1$ and the standard error output $\214le descrip-)-.25 F (tor 2$ to be appended to the \214le whose name is the e)108 660 Q @@ -3396,7 +3411,7 @@ e descriptor 1\) and the standard error output $\214le descrip-)-.25 F 676.8 Q F1(&>>)144 693.6 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 (This is semantically equi)108 710.4 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1 (>>)144 727.2 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(2)2.5 E F1(>&)A F0(1)A -(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2013 March 4)146.79 E(26)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2013 September 2)138.455 E(26)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 27 27 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -3407,28 +3422,28 @@ BP 100.8 Q 2.5(eD)-.18 G(ocuments)-2.5 E F0 .33(This type of redirection i\ nstructs the shell to read input from the current source until a line c\ ontaining only)108 112.8 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(delimiter)108.35 -124.8 Q F0 .615(\(with no trailing blanks$ is seen.)3.845 F .615 +124.8 Q F0 .614($with no trailing blanks$ is seen.)3.844 F .615 (All of the lines read up to that point are then used as the stan-)5.615 F(dard input for a command.)108 136.8 Q (The format of here-documents is:)108 153.6 Q F1(<<)144 170.4 Q F0([)A F1A F0(])A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E(her)164 182.4 Q(e-document)-.37 E -(delimiter)144 194.4 Q F0 .301(No parameter and v)108 211.2 R .302 +(delimiter)144 194.4 Q F0 .302(No parameter and v)108 211.2 R .302 (ariable e)-.25 F .302(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic e)-.15 -F .302(xpansion, or pathname e)-.15 F(xpansion)-.15 E .226 -(is performed on)108 223.2 R F2(wor)2.726 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.226(.I).77 G -2.726(fa)-5.226 G .526 -.15(ny c)-2.726 H .226(haracters in).15 F F2 +F .301(xpansion, or pathname e)-.15 F(xpansion)-.15 E .225 +(is performed on)108 223.2 R F2(wor)2.725 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.225(.I).77 G +2.726(fa)-5.225 G .526 -.15(ny c)-2.726 H .226(haracters in).15 F F2 (wor)3.066 E(d)-.37 E F0 .226(are quoted, the)3.496 F F2(delimiter)3.076 -E F0 .225(is the result of quote remo)3.456 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.725(lo) -.25 G(n)-2.725 E F2(wor)108 235.2 Q(d)-.37 E F0 2.714(,a).77 G .214 -(nd the lines in the here-document are not e)-2.714 F 2.714(xpanded. If) --.15 F F2(wor)2.715 E(d)-.37 E F0 .215 -(is unquoted, all lines of the here-docu-)2.715 F .499 +E F0 .226(is the result of quote remo)3.456 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.726(lo) +.25 G(n)-2.726 E F2(wor)108 235.2 Q(d)-.37 E F0 2.715(,a).77 G .215 +(nd the lines in the here-document are not e)-2.715 F 2.714(xpanded. If) +-.15 F F2(wor)2.714 E(d)-.37 E F0 .214 +(is unquoted, all lines of the here-docu-)2.714 F .499 (ment are subjected to parameter e)108 247.2 R .499 -(xpansion, command substitution, and arithmetic e)-.15 F .499 +(xpansion, command substitution, and arithmetic e)-.15 F .5 (xpansion, the character)-.15 F(sequence)108 259.2 Q F1(\\)2.5 E F0(is ignored, and)2.5 E F1(\\)2.5 E F0 (must be used to quote the characters)2.5 E F1(\\)2.5 E F0(,)A F1($)2.5 -E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd)-2.5 E F1<92>2.5 E F0(.)A .601 +E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd)-2.5 E F1<92>2.5 E F0(.)A .602 (If the redirection operator is)108 276 R F1(<<\255)3.101 E F0 3.101(,t) C .601(hen all leading tab characters are stripped from input lines and\ the line)-3.101 F(containing)108 288 Q F2(delimiter)2.5 E F0 5(.T).73 G @@ -3436,60 +3451,60 @@ C .601(hen all leading tab characters are stripped from input lines and\ (ws here-documents within shell scripts to be indented in a natural f) -.25 E(ashion.)-.1 E F1(Her)87 304.8 Q 2.5(eS)-.18 G(trings)-2.5 E F0 2.5(Av)108 316.8 S(ariant of here documents, the format is:)-2.75 E F1 -(<<<)144 333.6 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(The)108 350.4 Q F2(wor)2.894 E(d) --.37 E F0(under)2.894 E .394(goes brace e)-.18 F .393(xpansion, tilde e) --.15 F .393(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .393(ariable e)-.25 F .393 -(xpansion, command substi-)-.15 F 2.147(tution, arithmetic e)108 362.4 R -2.147(xpansion, and quote remo)-.15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 4.648(l. P).25 F -2.148(athname e)-.15 F 2.148(xpansion and w)-.15 F 2.148 +(<<<)144 333.6 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(The)108 350.4 Q F2(wor)2.893 E(d) +-.37 E F0(under)2.893 E .393(goes brace e)-.18 F .393(xpansion, tilde e) +-.15 F .393(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .394(ariable e)-.25 F .394 +(xpansion, command substi-)-.15 F 2.148(tution, arithmetic e)108 362.4 R +2.148(xpansion, and quote remo)-.15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 4.648(l. P).25 F +2.148(athname e)-.15 F 2.148(xpansion and w)-.15 F 2.147 (ord splitting are not per)-.1 F(-)-.2 E 2.5(formed. The)108 374.4 R(re\ sult is supplied as a single string to the command on its standard inpu\ t.)2.5 E F1(Duplicating File Descriptors)87 391.2 Q F0 (The redirection operator)108 403.2 Q([)144 420 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<&)A -F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .127 +F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .126 (is used to duplicate input \214le descriptors.)108 436.8 R(If)5.127 E -F2(wor)2.967 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.397 G .126 +F2(wor)2.967 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.397 G .127 (pands to one or more digits, the \214le descriptor denoted).15 F(by)108 -448.8 Q F2(n)3.317 E F0 .457(is made to be a cop)3.197 F 2.957(yo)-.1 G -2.957(ft)-2.957 G .457(hat \214le descriptor)-2.957 F 5.457(.I)-.55 G -2.957(ft)-5.457 G .457(he digits in)-2.957 F F2(wor)3.298 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.458(do not specify a \214le descriptor open)3.728 F .15 -(for input, a redirection error occurs.)108 460.8 R(If)5.15 E F2(wor) -2.99 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.42 G .15(luates to).25 F F12.65 E F0 -2.649<2c8c>C .149(le descriptor)-2.649 F F2(n)3.009 E F0 .149 -(is closed.)2.889 F(If)5.149 E F2(n)3.009 E F0 .149(is not speci\214ed,) -2.889 F(the standard input $\214le descriptor 0$ is used.)108 472.8 Q +448.8 Q F2(n)3.318 E F0 .458(is made to be a cop)3.198 F 2.958(yo)-.1 G +2.958(ft)-2.958 G .457(hat \214le descriptor)-2.958 F 5.457(.I)-.55 G +2.957(ft)-5.457 G .457(he digits in)-2.957 F F2(wor)3.297 E(d)-.37 E F0 +.457(do not specify a \214le descriptor open)3.727 F .149 +(for input, a redirection error occurs.)108 460.8 R(If)5.149 E F2(wor) +2.989 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.419 G .149(luates to).25 F F12.649 E +F0 2.65<2c8c>C .15(le descriptor)-2.65 F F2(n)3.01 E F0 .15(is closed.) +2.89 F(If)5.15 E F2(n)3.01 E F0 .15(is not speci\214ed,)2.89 F +(the standard input $\214le descriptor 0$ is used.)108 472.8 Q (The operator)108 489.6 Q([)144 506.4 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>&)A F2(wor)A -(d)-.37 E F0 .443 +(d)-.37 E F0 .444 (is used similarly to duplicate output \214le descriptors.)108 523.2 R -(If)5.443 E F2(n)3.304 E F0 .444 -(is not speci\214ed, the standard output $\214le descrip-)3.184 F 1.358 -(tor 1$ is used.)108 535.2 R 1.358(If the digits in)6.358 F F2(wor) -4.198 E(d)-.37 E F0 1.357(do not specify a \214le descriptor open for o\ -utput, a redirection error)4.628 F 2.753(occurs. If)108 547.2 R F2(wor) -3.093 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.523 G .253(luates to).25 F F12.754 E +(If)5.444 E F2(n)3.304 E F0 .443 +(is not speci\214ed, the standard output $\214le descrip-)3.183 F 1.357 +(tor 1$ is used.)108 535.2 R 1.357(If the digits in)6.357 F F2(wor) +4.197 E(d)-.37 E F0 1.358(do not specify a \214le descriptor open for o\ +utput, a redirection error)4.627 F 2.754(occurs. If)108 547.2 R F2(wor) +3.094 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.524 G .254(luates to).25 F F12.754 E F0 2.754<2c8c>C .254(le descriptor)-2.754 F F2(n)3.114 E F0 .254 (is closed.)2.994 F .254(As a special case, if)5.254 F F2(n)2.754 E F0 -.254(is omitted, and)2.754 F F2(wor)2.754 E(d)-.37 E F0(does)2.754 E -.966(not e)108 559.2 R .966(xpand to one or more digits or)-.15 F F1 -3.466 E F0 3.466(,t)C .965 +.253(is omitted, and)2.754 F F2(wor)2.753 E(d)-.37 E F0(does)2.753 E +.965(not e)108 559.2 R .965(xpand to one or more digits or)-.15 F F1 +3.465 E F0 3.466(,t)C .966 (he standard output and standard error are redirected as described) -3.466 F(pre)108 571.2 Q(viously)-.25 E(.)-.65 E F1(Mo)87 588 Q (ving File Descriptors)-.1 E F0(The redirection operator)108 600 Q([)144 616.8 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<&)A F2(digit)A F1A F0(mo)108 633.6 Q -.15 -(ve)-.15 G 3.035(st).15 G .535(he \214le descriptor)-3.035 F F2(digit) -3.035 E F0 .535(to \214le descriptor)3.035 F F2(n)3.035 E F0 3.035(,o) -.24 G 3.035(rt)-3.035 G .536 -(he standard input $\214le descriptor 0$ if)-3.035 F F2(n)3.036 E F0 -.536(is not speci-)3.036 F(\214ed.)108 645.6 Q F2(digit)5 E F0 +(ve)-.15 G 3.036(st).15 G .536(he \214le descriptor)-3.036 F F2(digit) +3.036 E F0 .536(to \214le descriptor)3.036 F F2(n)3.036 E F0 3.036(,o) +.24 G 3.036(rt)-3.036 G .535 +(he standard input $\214le descriptor 0$ if)-3.036 F F2(n)3.035 E F0 +.535(is not speci-)3.035 F(\214ed.)108 645.6 Q F2(digit)5 E F0 (is closed after being duplicated to)2.5 E F2(n)2.5 E F0(.)A(Similarly) 108 662.4 Q 2.5(,t)-.65 G(he redirection operator)-2.5 E([)144 679.2 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>&)A F2(digit)A F1A F0(mo)108 696 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G -2.786(st).15 G .286(he \214le descriptor)-2.786 F F2(digit)2.786 E F0 -.286(to \214le descriptor)2.786 F F2(n)2.786 E F0 2.786(,o).24 G 2.786 -(rt)-2.786 G .285(he standard output $\214le descriptor 1$ if)-2.786 F -F2(n)2.785 E F0 .285(is not speci-)2.785 F(\214ed.)108 708 Q -(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2013 March 4)146.79 E(27)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +2.785(st).15 G .285(he \214le descriptor)-2.785 F F2(digit)2.785 E F0 +.285(to \214le descriptor)2.785 F F2(n)2.785 E F0 2.785(,o).24 G 2.785 +(rt)-2.785 G .286(he standard output $\214le descriptor 1$ if)-2.785 F +F2(n)2.786 E F0 .286(is not speci-)2.786 F(\214ed.)108 708 Q +(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2013 September 2)138.455 E(27)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 28 28 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -3504,36 +3519,36 @@ F0 1.349(causes the \214le whose name is the e)108 129.6 R 1.349 108 141.6 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o).24 G 2.5(ro)-2.5 G 2.5<6e8c>-2.5 G (le descriptor 0 if)-2.5 E F2(n)2.86 E F0(is not speci\214ed.)2.74 E (If the \214le does not e)5 E(xist, it is created.)-.15 E/F3 10.95 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)72 158.4 Q F2(Aliases)108 170.4 Q F0(allo)3.174 -E 3.174(was)-.25 G .674(tring to be substituted for a w)-3.174 F .674 -(ord when it is used as the \214rst w)-.1 F .673 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)72 158.4 Q F2(Aliases)108 170.4 Q F0(allo)3.173 +E 3.173(was)-.25 G .674(tring to be substituted for a w)-3.173 F .674 +(ord when it is used as the \214rst w)-.1 F .674 (ord of a simple command.)-.1 F .394(The shell maintains a list of alia\ -ses that may be set and unset with the)108 182.4 R F1(alias)2.894 E F0 -(and)2.894 E F1(unalias)2.894 E F0 -.2(bu)2.894 G .394(iltin commands).2 -F($see)108 194.4 Q/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.98(SHELL B)4.48 F(UIL)-.09 E -1.98(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)4.23 E 4.48(w$. The)-.25 F 1.98 -(\214rst w)4.48 F 1.979(ord of each simple command, if unquoted, is)-.1 -F(check)108 206.4 Q .472(ed to see if it has an alias.)-.1 F .472 -(If so, that w)5.472 F .473(ord is replaced by the te)-.1 F .473 -(xt of the alias.)-.15 F .473(The characters)5.473 F F1(/)2.973 E F0(,)A -F1($)2.973 E F0(,)A F1<92>2.973 E F0(,)A(and)108 218.4 Q F1(=)3.612 E F0 -1.112(and an)3.612 F 3.612(yo)-.15 G 3.612(ft)-3.612 G 1.112(he shell) --3.612 F F2(metac)3.612 E(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.112 -(or quoting characters listed abo)3.612 F 1.411 -.15(ve m)-.15 H 1.111 -(ay not appear in an alias).15 F 3.619(name. The)108 230.4 R 1.119 -(replacement te)3.619 F 1.119(xt may contain an)-.15 F 3.619(yv)-.15 G -1.119(alid shell input, including shell metacharacters.)-3.869 F 1.12 -(The \214rst)6.12 F -.1(wo)108 242.4 S .514(rd of the replacement te).1 -F .514(xt is tested for aliases, b)-.15 F .514(ut a w)-.2 F .513 -(ord that is identical to an alias being e)-.1 F .513(xpanded is)-.15 F -.295(not e)108 254.4 R .295(xpanded a second time.)-.15 F .296 -(This means that one may alias)5.295 F F1(ls)2.796 E F0(to)2.796 E F1 -.296(ls \255F)2.796 F F0 2.796(,f)C .296(or instance, and)-2.796 F F1 -(bash)2.796 E F0 .296(does not try)2.796 F .543(to recursi)108 266.4 R --.15(ve)-.25 G .543(ly e).15 F .543(xpand the replacement te)-.15 F -3.043(xt. If)-.15 F .543(the last character of the alias v)3.043 F .542 -(alue is a)-.25 F F2(blank)3.042 E F0 3.042(,t).67 G .542(hen the ne) --3.042 F(xt)-.15 E(command w)108 278.4 Q(ord follo)-.1 E +ses that may be set and unset with the)108 182.4 R F1(alias)2.893 E F0 +(and)2.893 E F1(unalias)2.893 E F0 -.2(bu)2.893 G .393(iltin commands).2 +F($see)108 194.4 Q/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.979(SHELL B)4.479 F(UIL)-.09 +E 1.979(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)4.229 E 4.48(w$. The)-.25 F 1.98 +(\214rst w)4.48 F 1.98(ord of each simple command, if unquoted, is)-.1 F +(check)108 206.4 Q .473(ed to see if it has an alias.)-.1 F .473 +(If so, that w)5.473 F .472(ord is replaced by the te)-.1 F .472 +(xt of the alias.)-.15 F .472(The characters)5.472 F F1(/)2.972 E F0(,)A +F1($)2.972 E F0(,)A F1<92>2.972 E F0(,)A(and)108 218.4 Q F1(=)3.611 E F0 +1.111(and an)3.611 F 3.611(yo)-.15 G 3.611(ft)-3.611 G 1.111(he shell) +-3.611 F F2(metac)3.612 E(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.112 +(or quoting characters listed abo)3.612 F 1.412 -.15(ve m)-.15 H 1.112 +(ay not appear in an alias).15 F 3.62(name. The)108 230.4 R 1.12 +(replacement te)3.62 F 1.119(xt may contain an)-.15 F 3.619(yv)-.15 G +1.119(alid shell input, including shell metacharacters.)-3.869 F 1.119 +(The \214rst)6.119 F -.1(wo)108 242.4 S .513(rd of the replacement te).1 +F .513(xt is tested for aliases, b)-.15 F .513(ut a w)-.2 F .514 +(ord that is identical to an alias being e)-.1 F .514(xpanded is)-.15 F +.296(not e)108 254.4 R .296(xpanded a second time.)-.15 F .296 +(This means that one may alias)5.296 F F1(ls)2.796 E F0(to)2.796 E F1 +.296(ls \255F)2.796 F F0 2.796(,f)C .295(or instance, and)-2.796 F F1 +(bash)2.795 E F0 .295(does not try)2.795 F .542(to recursi)108 266.4 R +-.15(ve)-.25 G .542(ly e).15 F .542(xpand the replacement te)-.15 F +3.042(xt. If)-.15 F .543(the last character of the alias v)3.042 F .543 +(alue is a)-.25 F F2(blank)3.043 E F0 3.043(,t).67 G .543(hen the ne) +-3.043 F(xt)-.15 E(command w)108 278.4 Q(ord follo)-.1 E (wing the alias is also check)-.25 E(ed for alias e)-.1 E(xpansion.)-.15 E(Aliases are created and listed with the)108 295.2 Q F1(alias)2.5 E F0 (command, and remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(dw).15 G(ith the)-2.5 E F1 @@ -3548,124 +3563,125 @@ E(Aliases are created and listed with the)108 295.2 Q F1(alias)2.5 E F0 (shell option is set)3.72 F(using)108 352.8 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0 ($see the description of)2.5 E F1(shopt)2.5 E F0(under)2.5 E F4 (SHELL B)2.5 E(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w$.)-.25 -E .435 +E .436 (The rules concerning the de\214nition and use of aliases are some)108 -369.6 R .436(what confusing.)-.25 F F1(Bash)5.436 E F0(al)2.936 E -.1 -(wa)-.1 G .436(ys reads at least).1 F .338 +369.6 R .435(what confusing.)-.25 F F1(Bash)5.435 E F0(al)2.935 E -.1 +(wa)-.1 G .435(ys reads at least).1 F .337 (one complete line of input before e)108 381.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .338 (cuting an).15 F 2.838(yo)-.15 G 2.838(ft)-2.838 G .338 -(he commands on that line.)-2.838 F .337(Aliases are e)5.337 F .337 -(xpanded when)-.15 F 3.403(ac)108 393.6 S .904 -(ommand is read, not when it is e)-3.403 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.404 +(he commands on that line.)-2.838 F .338(Aliases are e)5.338 F .338 +(xpanded when)-.15 F 3.404(ac)108 393.6 S .904 +(ommand is read, not when it is e)-3.404 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.404 (cuted. Therefore,).15 F .904 -(an alias de\214nition appearing on the same line as)3.404 F 1.162 +(an alias de\214nition appearing on the same line as)3.404 F 1.161 (another command does not tak)108 405.6 R 3.662(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-3.662 G 1.162(ect until the ne).25 F 1.162(xt line of input is read.)-.15 F -1.161(The commands follo)6.161 F 1.161(wing the)-.25 F .277 +1.162(The commands follo)6.162 F 1.162(wing the)-.25 F .277 (alias de\214nition on that line are not af)108 417.6 R .277 (fected by the ne)-.25 F 2.777(wa)-.25 G 2.777(lias. This)-2.777 F(beha) -2.777 E .277(vior is also an issue when functions)-.2 F .699(are e)108 -429.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.199(cuted. Aliases).15 F .699(are e)3.199 F +2.777 E .277(vior is also an issue when functions)-.2 F .698(are e)108 +429.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.198(cuted. Aliases).15 F .698(are e)3.198 F .699(xpanded when a function de\214nition is read, not when the functio\ -n is e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted,).15 E .494 +n is e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted,).15 E .495 (because a function de\214nition is itself a compound command.)108 441.6 -R .495(As a consequence, aliases de\214ned in a func-)5.494 F .085 +R .494(As a consequence, aliases de\214ned in a func-)5.494 F .084 (tion are not a)108 453.6 R -.25(va)-.2 G .084 (ilable until after that function is e).25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.584 (cuted. T).15 F 2.584(ob)-.8 G 2.584(es)-2.584 G .084(afe, al)-2.584 F --.1(wa)-.1 G .084(ys put alias de\214nitions on a sepa-).1 F +-.1(wa)-.1 G .085(ys put alias de\214nitions on a sepa-).1 F (rate line, and do not use)108 465.6 Q F1(alias)2.5 E F0 (in compound commands.)2.5 E -.15(Fo)108 482.4 S 2.5(ra).15 G(lmost e) -2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G (ry purpose, aliases are superseded by shell functions.).15 E F3 -(FUNCTIONS)72 499.2 Q F0 3.467(As)108 511.2 S .967 -(hell function, de\214ned as described abo)-3.467 F 1.267 -.15(ve u)-.15 +(FUNCTIONS)72 499.2 Q F0 3.468(As)108 511.2 S .968 +(hell function, de\214ned as described abo)-3.468 F 1.267 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F4 .967(SHELL GRAMMAR)3.467 F/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 -.968(stores a series of commands for)3.217 F 1.002(later e)108 523.2 R --.15(xe)-.15 G 3.502(cution. When).15 F 1.002(the name of a shell funct\ -ion is used as a simple command name, the list of com-)3.502 F .315 +.967(stores a series of commands for)3.217 F 1.001(later e)108 523.2 R +-.15(xe)-.15 G 3.501(cution. When).15 F 1.002(the name of a shell funct\ +ion is used as a simple command name, the list of com-)3.501 F .316 (mands associated with that function name is e)108 535.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 -G 2.816(cuted. Functions).15 F .316(are e)2.816 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .316 -(cuted in the conte).15 F .316(xt of the current)-.15 F .036 -(shell; no ne)108 547.2 R 2.536(wp)-.25 G .036 -(rocess is created to interpret them $contrast this with the e)-2.536 F --.15(xe)-.15 G .036(cution of a shell script$.).15 F .035(When a)5.035 -F .639(function is e)108 559.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .639(cuted, the ar).15 F +G 2.816(cuted. Functions).15 F .316(are e)2.816 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .315 +(cuted in the conte).15 F .315(xt of the current)-.15 F .035 +(shell; no ne)108 547.2 R 2.535(wp)-.25 G .036 +(rocess is created to interpret them $contrast this with the e)-2.535 F +-.15(xe)-.15 G .036(cution of a shell script$.).15 F .036(When a)5.036 +F .64(function is e)108 559.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .64(cuted, the ar).15 F .639 (guments to the function become the positional parameters during its e) --.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cution.).15 E .533(The special parameter)108 571.2 -R F1(#)3.033 E F0 .532(is updated to re\215ect the change.)3.033 F .532 -(Special parameter)5.532 F F1(0)3.032 E F0 .532(is unchanged.)3.032 F -.532(The \214rst ele-)5.532 F(ment of the)108 583.2 Q F4(FUNCN)2.5 E +-.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cution.).15 E .532(The special parameter)108 571.2 +R F1(#)3.032 E F0 .532(is updated to re\215ect the change.)3.032 F .532 +(Special parameter)5.532 F F1(0)3.033 E F0 .533(is unchanged.)3.033 F +.533(The \214rst ele-)5.533 F(ment of the)108 583.2 Q F4(FUNCN)2.5 E (AME)-.18 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G (riable is set to the name of the function while the function is e).25 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting.).15 E 1.25(All other aspects of the shell e)108 600 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.25(cution en).15 F 1.25 (vironment are identical between a function and its caller with)-.4 F -1.049(these e)108 612 R 3.548(xceptions: the)-.15 F F4(DEB)3.548 E(UG) +1.048(these e)108 612 R 3.548(xceptions: the)-.15 F F4(DEB)3.548 E(UG) -.09 E F0(and)3.298 E F1(RETURN)3.548 E F0 1.048 (traps $see the description of the)3.548 F F1(trap)3.548 E F0 -.2(bu) -3.548 G 1.048(iltin under).2 F F4(SHELL)3.548 E -.09(BU)108 624 S(IL).09 -E .478(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)2.728 E .479 +3.548 G 1.048(iltin under).2 F F4(SHELL)3.549 E -.09(BU)108 624 S(IL).09 +E .479(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)2.729 E .479 (w$ are not inherited unless the function has been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve) --.25 G 2.979(nt).15 G(he)-2.979 E F1(trace)2.979 E F0(attrib)2.979 E -.479(ute $see)-.2 F .421(the description of the)108 636 R F4(declar) -2.92 E(e)-.162 E F0 -.2(bu)2.67 G .42(iltin belo).2 F .42(w$ or the) --.25 F F1 .42(\255o functrace)2.92 F F0 .42 -(shell option has been enabled with the)2.92 F F1(set)2.92 E F0 -.2(bu) -108 648 S .071(iltin $in which case all functions inherit the).2 F F1 +-.25 G 2.978(nt).15 G(he)-2.978 E F1(trace)2.978 E F0(attrib)2.978 E +.478(ute \(see)-.2 F .42(the description of the)108 636 R F4(declar)2.92 +E(e)-.162 E F0 -.2(bu)2.67 G .42(iltin belo).2 F .42(w$ or the)-.25 F +F1 .42(\255o functrace)2.92 F F0 .42 +(shell option has been enabled with the)2.92 F F1(set)2.921 E F0 -.2(bu) +108 648 S .072(iltin $in which case all functions inherit the).2 F F1 (DEB)2.572 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.572 E F1(RETURN)2.572 E F0 .072 -(traps$, and the)2.572 F F4(ERR)2.572 E F0 .072(trap is not inher)2.322 +(traps\), and the)2.572 F F4(ERR)2.571 E F0 .071(trap is not inher)2.321 F(-)-.2 E(ited unless the)108 660 Q F1(\255o errtrace)2.5 E F0 -(shell option has been enabled.)2.5 E -1.11(Va)108 676.8 S .656 +(shell option has been enabled.)2.5 E -1.11(Va)108 676.8 S .655 (riables local to the function may be declared with the)1.11 F F1(local) -3.155 E F0 -.2(bu)3.155 G .655(iltin command.).2 F(Ordinarily)5.655 E -3.155(,v)-.65 G .655(ariables and)-3.405 F(their v)108 688.8 Q +3.155 E F0 -.2(bu)3.156 G .656(iltin command.).2 F(Ordinarily)5.656 E +3.156(,v)-.65 G .656(ariables and)-3.406 F(their v)108 688.8 Q (alues are shared between the function and its caller)-.25 E(.)-.55 E -(The)108 705.6 Q F1(FUNCNEST)3.528 E F0 -.25(va)3.528 G 1.028 +(The)108 705.6 Q F1(FUNCNEST)3.529 E F0 -.25(va)3.529 G 1.028 (riable, if set to a numeric v).25 F 1.028 (alue greater than 0, de\214nes a maximum function nesting)-.25 F(le)108 717.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l. Function).15 F(in)2.5 E -.2(vo)-.4 G (cations that e).2 E(xceed the limit cause the entire command to abort.) --.15 E(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2013 March 4)146.79 E(28)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +-.15 E(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2013 September 2)138.455 E(28)187.615 E 0 +Cg EP %%Page: 29 29 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH$1$ B).35 F(ASH$1$) --.35 E .044(If the b)108 84 R .043(uiltin command)-.2 F/F1 10 +-.35 E .043(If the b)108 84 R .043(uiltin command)-.2 F/F1 10 /Times-Bold@0 SF -.18(re)2.543 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .043(is e)2.543 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .043(cuted in a function, the function completes and e) -.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .043(cution resumes with).15 F 1.011(the ne)108 96 -R 1.011(xt command after the function call.)-.15 F(An)6.011 E 3.511(yc) --.15 G 1.011(ommand associated with the)-3.511 F F1(RETURN)3.512 E F0 -1.012(trap is e)3.512 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E .214(before e)108 108 -R -.15(xe)-.15 G .214(cution resumes.).15 F .213 -(When a function completes, the v)5.214 F .213 +.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .044(cution resumes with).15 F 1.012(the ne)108 96 +R 1.012(xt command after the function call.)-.15 F(An)6.011 E 3.511(yc) +-.15 G 1.011(ommand associated with the)-3.511 F F1(RETURN)3.511 E F0 +1.011(trap is e)3.511 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E .213(before e)108 108 +R -.15(xe)-.15 G .213(cution resumes.).15 F .213 +(When a function completes, the v)5.213 F .214 (alues of the positional parameters and the spe-)-.25 F(cial parameter) 108 120 Q F1(#)2.5 E F0(are restored to the v)2.5 E(alues the)-.25 E 2.5 (yh)-.15 G(ad prior to the function')-2.5 E 2.5(se)-.55 G -.15(xe)-2.65 -G(cution.).15 E 1.358 +G(cution.).15 E 1.359 (Function names and de\214nitions may be listed with the)108 136.8 R F1 3.858 E F0 1.358(option to the)3.858 F F1(declar)3.858 E(e)-.18 E -F0(or)3.859 E F1(typeset)3.859 E F0 -.2(bu)3.859 G 1.359(iltin com-).2 F +F0(or)3.858 E F1(typeset)3.858 E F0 -.2(bu)3.858 G 1.358(iltin com-).2 F 3.39(mands. The)108 148.8 R F13.39 E F0 .89(option to)3.39 F F1 (declar)3.39 E(e)-.18 E F0(or)3.39 E F1(typeset)3.39 E F0 .89 (will list the function names only $and optionally the source)3.39 F -.326(\214le and line number)108 160.8 R 2.826(,i)-.4 G 2.826(ft)-2.826 G -(he)-2.826 E F1(extdeb)2.826 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .326 -(shell option is enabled$.)2.826 F .327(Functions may be e)5.327 F .327 -(xported so that subshells)-.15 F 1.298(automatically ha)108 172.8 R -1.598 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.298(hem de\214ned with the).15 F F13.798 E -F0 1.298(option to the)3.798 F F1(export)3.797 E F0 -.2(bu)3.797 G 3.797 -(iltin. A).2 F 1.297(function de\214nition may be)3.797 F .16 -(deleted using the)108 184.8 R F12.66 E F0 .16(option to the)2.66 -F F1(unset)2.66 E F0 -.2(bu)2.66 G 2.661(iltin. Note).2 F .161 -(that shell functions and v)2.661 F .161(ariables with the same name) --.25 F 1.325(may result in multiple identically-named entries in the en) -108 196.8 R 1.325(vironment passed to the shell')-.4 F 3.825(sc)-.55 G -3.825(hildren. Care)-3.825 F(should be tak)108 208.8 Q -(en in cases where this may cause a problem.)-.1 E .371 +.327(\214le and line number)108 160.8 R 2.827(,i)-.4 G 2.827(ft)-2.827 G +(he)-2.827 E F1(extdeb)2.827 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .326 +(shell option is enabled\).)2.827 F .326(Functions may be e)5.326 F .326 +(xported so that subshells)-.15 F 1.297(automatically ha)108 172.8 R +1.597 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.297(hem de\214ned with the).15 F F13.797 E +F0 1.297(option to the)3.797 F F1(export)3.798 E F0 -.2(bu)3.798 G 3.798 +(iltin. A).2 F 1.298(function de\214nition may be)3.798 F .161 +(deleted using the)108 184.8 R F12.661 E F0 .161(option to the) +2.661 F F1(unset)2.661 E F0 -.2(bu)2.661 G 2.661(iltin. Note).2 F .16 +(that shell functions and v)2.661 F .16(ariables with the same name)-.25 +F 1.325(may result in multiple identically-named entries in the en)108 +196.8 R 1.325(vironment passed to the shell')-.4 F 3.825(sc)-.55 G 3.825 +(hildren. Care)-3.825 F(should be tak)108 208.8 Q +(en in cases where this may cause a problem.)-.1 E .372 (Functions may be recursi)108 225.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.371(.T).15 G(he) -5.371 E F1(FUNCNEST)2.871 E F0 -.25(va)2.871 G .371 (riable may be used to limit the depth of the function call).25 F 1.141 @@ -3673,20 +3689,20 @@ F F1(unset)2.66 E F0 -.2(bu)2.66 G 2.661(iltin. Note).2 F .161 3.641(cations. By).2 F(def)3.641 E 1.141 (ault, no limit is imposed on the number of)-.1 F(recursi)108 249.6 Q .3 -.15(ve c)-.25 H(alls.).15 E/F2 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(ARITHMETIC EV)72 -266.4 Q(ALU)-1.478 E -1.04(AT)-.657 G(ION)1.04 E F0 2.297 +266.4 Q(ALU)-1.478 E -1.04(AT)-.657 G(ION)1.04 E F0 2.298 (The shell allo)108 278.4 R 2.297(ws arithmetic e)-.25 F 2.297 (xpressions to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 2.297 -(luated, under certain circumstances $see the).25 F F1(let)4.798 E F0 -(and)4.798 E F1(declar)108 290.4 Q(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.706 G .206 -(iltin commands and).2 F F1 .206(Arithmetic Expansion)2.706 F F0 2.705 -($. Ev)B .205(aluation is done in \214x)-.25 F .205(ed-width inte)-.15 -F .205(gers with no)-.15 F .428(check for o)108 302.4 R -.15(ve)-.15 G -(r\215o).15 E 1.728 -.65(w, t)-.25 H .428(hough di).65 F .428 -(vision by 0 is trapped and \215agged as an error)-.25 F 5.429(.T)-.55 G -.429(he operators and their prece-)-5.429 F 1.92(dence, associati)108 -314.4 R(vity)-.25 E 4.42(,a)-.65 G 1.92(nd v)-4.42 F 1.92 -(alues are the same as in the C language.)-.25 F 1.919(The follo)6.919 F -1.919(wing list of operators is)-.25 F(grouped into le)108 326.4 Q -.15 +(luated, under certain circumstances $see the).25 F F1(let)4.797 E F0 +(and)4.797 E F1(declar)108 290.4 Q(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.705 G .205 +(iltin commands and).2 F F1 .205(Arithmetic Expansion)2.705 F F0 2.705 +($. Ev)B .205(aluation is done in \214x)-.25 F .206(ed-width inte)-.15 +F .206(gers with no)-.15 F .429(check for o)108 302.4 R -.15(ve)-.15 G +(r\215o).15 E 1.729 -.65(w, t)-.25 H .429(hough di).65 F .428 +(vision by 0 is trapped and \215agged as an error)-.25 F 5.428(.T)-.55 G +.428(he operators and their prece-)-5.428 F 1.919(dence, associati)108 +314.4 R(vity)-.25 E 4.419(,a)-.65 G 1.919(nd v)-4.419 F 1.919 +(alues are the same as in the C language.)-.25 F 1.92(The follo)6.92 F +1.92(wing list of operators is)-.25 F(grouped into le)108 326.4 Q -.15 (ve)-.25 G(ls of equal-precedence operators.).15 E(The le)5 E -.15(ve) -.25 G(ls are listed in order of decreasing precedence.).15 E/F3 10 /Times-Italic@0 SF(id)108 343.2 Q F1(++)A F3(id)2.5 E F1A F0 -.25 @@ -3712,77 +3728,78 @@ A F3 -.2(ex)C(pr).2 E F1(:)A F3 -.2(ex)C(pr).2 E F0 (Shell v)108 636 R .68(ariables are allo)-.25 F .68 (wed as operands; parameter e)-.25 F .68 (xpansion is performed before the e)-.15 F .68(xpression is e)-.15 F --.25(va)-.25 G(lu-).25 E 3.508(ated. W)108 648 R 1.008(ithin an e)-.4 F -1.008(xpression, shell v)-.15 F 1.007 +-.25(va)-.25 G(lu-).25 E 3.507(ated. W)108 648 R 1.007(ithin an e)-.4 F +1.007(xpression, shell v)-.15 F 1.007 (ariables may also be referenced by name without using the parameter) --.25 F -.15(ex)108 660 S 1.04(pansion syntax.).15 F 3.54(As)6.04 G 1.04 -(hell v)-3.54 F 1.04(ariable that is null or unset e)-.25 F -.25(va)-.25 -G 1.041(luates to 0 when referenced by name without).25 F 1.467 -(using the parameter e)108 672 R 1.467(xpansion syntax.)-.15 F 1.467 -(The v)6.467 F 1.467(alue of a v)-.25 F 1.467(ariable is e)-.25 F -.25 -(va)-.25 G 1.466(luated as an arithmetic e).25 F(xpression)-.15 E 1.389 +-.25 F -.15(ex)108 660 S 1.041(pansion syntax.).15 F 3.541(As)6.041 G +1.041(hell v)-3.541 F 1.041(ariable that is null or unset e)-.25 F -.25 +(va)-.25 G 1.04(luates to 0 when referenced by name without).25 F 1.466 +(using the parameter e)108 672 R 1.466(xpansion syntax.)-.15 F 1.467 +(The v)6.466 F 1.467(alue of a v)-.25 F 1.467(ariable is e)-.25 F -.25 +(va)-.25 G 1.467(luated as an arithmetic e).25 F(xpression)-.15 E 1.39 (when it is referenced, or when a v)108 684 R 1.389 -(ariable which has been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.89(nt).15 G(he)-3.89 -E F3(inte)3.89 E -.1(ge)-.4 G(r).1 E F0(attrib)3.89 E 1.39(ute using)-.2 -F F1(declar)3.89 E 3.89(e-)-.18 G(i)-3.89 E F0(is)3.89 E .333 -(assigned a v)108 696 R 2.832(alue. A)-.25 F .332(null v)2.832 F .332 -(alue e)-.25 F -.25(va)-.25 G .332(luates to 0.).25 F 2.832(As)5.332 G -.332(hell v)-2.832 F .332(ariable need not ha)-.25 F .632 -.15(ve i)-.2 -H(ts).15 E F3(inte)2.832 E -.1(ge)-.4 G(r).1 E F0(attrib)2.832 E .332 -(ute turned on)-.2 F(to be used in an e)108 708 Q(xpression.)-.15 E -1.406(Constants with a leading 0 are interpreted as octal numbers.)108 -724.8 R 3.906(Al)6.406 G 1.407(eading 0x or 0X denotes he)-3.906 F -(xadecimal.)-.15 E(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2013 March 4)146.79 E(29)195.95 -E 0 Cg EP +(ariable which has been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.889(nt).15 G(he) +-3.889 E F3(inte)3.889 E -.1(ge)-.4 G(r).1 E F0(attrib)3.889 E 1.389 +(ute using)-.2 F F1(declar)3.889 E 3.889(e-)-.18 G(i)-3.889 E F0(is) +3.889 E .332(assigned a v)108 696 R 2.832(alue. A)-.25 F .332(null v) +2.832 F .332(alue e)-.25 F -.25(va)-.25 G .332(luates to 0.).25 F 2.832 +(As)5.332 G .332(hell v)-2.832 F .332(ariable need not ha)-.25 F .632 +-.15(ve i)-.2 H(ts).15 E F3(inte)2.832 E -.1(ge)-.4 G(r).1 E F0(attrib) +2.832 E .333(ute turned on)-.2 F(to be used in an e)108 708 Q +(xpression.)-.15 E 1.406 +(Constants with a leading 0 are interpreted as octal numbers.)108 724.8 +R 3.906(Al)6.406 G 1.406(eading 0x or 0X denotes he)-3.906 F(xadecimal.) +-.15 E(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2013 September 2)138.455 E(29)187.615 E 0 +Cg EP %%Page: 30 30 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH$1$ B).35 F(ASH$1$) --.35 E .113(Otherwise, numbers tak)108 84 R 2.613(et)-.1 G .113 -(he form [)-2.613 F/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(base#)A F0 .112 -(]n, where the optional)B F1(base)2.612 E F0 .112 -(is a decimal number between 2 and 64)2.612 F .533 -(representing the arithmetic base, and)108 96 R F1(n)3.033 E F0 .533 -(is a number in that base.)3.033 F(If)5.534 E F1(base#)3.034 E F0 .534 -(is omitted, then base 10 is used.)3.034 F .16(When specifying)108 108 R +-.35 E .112(Otherwise, numbers tak)108 84 R 2.612(et)-.1 G .112 +(he form [)-2.612 F/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(base#)A F0 .112 +(]n, where the optional)B F1(base)2.612 E F0 .113 +(is a decimal number between 2 and 64)2.612 F .534 +(representing the arithmetic base, and)108 96 R F1(n)3.034 E F0 .534 +(is a number in that base.)3.034 F(If)5.533 E F1(base#)3.033 E F0 .533 +(is omitted, then base 10 is used.)3.033 F .16(When specifying)108 108 R F1(n)2.66 E F0 2.66(,t)C .16 (he digits greater< than 9 are represented by the lo)-2.66 F .16 -(wercase letters, the uppercase letters,)-.25 F .942 -(@, and _, in that order)108 120 R 5.942(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.942 E F1(base) -3.442 E F0 .942(is less than or equal to 36, lo)3.442 F .943 +(wercase letters, the uppercase letters,)-.25 F .943 +(@, and _, in that order)108 120 R 5.943(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.943 E F1(base) +3.443 E F0 .942(is less than or equal to 36, lo)3.443 F .942 (wercase and uppercase letters may be used)-.25 F -(interchangeably to represent numbers between 10 and 35.)108 132 Q .235 -(Operators are e)108 148.8 R -.25(va)-.25 G .235 +(interchangeably to represent numbers between 10 and 35.)108 132 Q .234 +(Operators are e)108 148.8 R -.25(va)-.25 G .234 (luated in order of precedence.).25 F(Sub-e)5.234 E .234 -(xpressions in parentheses are e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .234 +(xpressions in parentheses are e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .235 (luated \214rst and may).25 F -.15(ove)108 160.8 S (rride the precedence rules abo).15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E/F2 10.95 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(CONDITION)72 177.6 Q(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.219 E F0 .255 -(Conditional e)108 189.6 R .255(xpressions are used by the)-.15 F/F3 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(CONDITION)72 177.6 Q(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.219 E F0 .256 +(Conditional e)108 189.6 R .256(xpressions are used by the)-.15 F/F3 10 /Times-Bold@0 SF([[)2.755 E F0 .255(compound command and the)2.755 F F3 -(test)2.755 E F0(and)2.755 E F3([)2.756 E F0 -.2(bu)2.756 G .256 +(test)2.755 E F0(and)2.755 E F3([)2.755 E F0 -.2(bu)2.755 G .255 (iltin commands to test).2 F .77(\214le attrib)108 201.6 R .77 (utes and perform string and arithmetic comparisons.)-.2 F .77 -(Expressions are formed from the follo)5.77 F(wing)-.25 E 1.04 -(unary or binary primaries.)108 213.6 R 1.04(If an)6.04 F(y)-.15 E F1 -(\214le)3.54 E F0(ar)3.54 E 1.041 -(gument to one of the primaries is of the form)-.18 F F1(/de)3.541 E -(v/fd/n)-.15 E F0 3.541(,t)C 1.041(hen \214le)-3.541 F(descriptor)108 -225.6 Q F1(n)3.789 E F0 1.289(is check)3.789 F 3.789(ed. If)-.1 F(the) -3.789 E F1(\214le)3.789 E F0(ar)3.789 E 1.289 +(Expressions are formed from the follo)5.77 F(wing)-.25 E 1.041 +(unary or binary primaries.)108 213.6 R 1.041(If an)6.041 F(y)-.15 E F1 +(\214le)3.541 E F0(ar)3.541 E 1.04 +(gument to one of the primaries is of the form)-.18 F F1(/de)3.54 E +(v/fd/n)-.15 E F0 3.54(,t)C 1.04(hen \214le)-3.54 F(descriptor)108 225.6 +Q F1(n)3.788 E F0 1.289(is check)3.788 F 3.789(ed. If)-.1 F(the)3.789 E +F1(\214le)3.789 E F0(ar)3.789 E 1.289 (gument to one of the primaries is one of)-.18 F F1(/de)3.789 E(v/stdin) --.15 E F0(,)A F1(/de)3.788 E(v/stdout)-.15 E F0 3.788(,o)C(r)-3.788 E F1 +-.15 E F0(,)A F1(/de)3.789 E(v/stdout)-.15 E F0 3.789(,o)C(r)-3.789 E F1 (/de)108 237.6 Q(v/stderr)-.15 E F0 2.5<2c8c>C (le descriptor 0, 1, or 2, respecti)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 2.5 -(,i)-.65 G 2.5(sc)-2.5 G(heck)-2.5 E(ed.)-.1 E .721 +(,i)-.65 G 2.5(sc)-2.5 G(heck)-2.5 E(ed.)-.1 E .722 (Unless otherwise speci\214ed, primaries that operate on \214les follo) -108 254.4 R 3.221(ws)-.25 G .722(ymbolic links and operate on the tar) +108 254.4 R 3.221(ws)-.25 G .721(ymbolic links and operate on the tar) -3.221 F(get)-.18 E(of the link, rather than the link itself.)108 266.4 -Q 1.096(When used with)108 284.4 R F3([[)3.596 E F0 3.596(,t)C(he)-3.596 -E F3(<)3.596 E F0(and)3.595 E F3(>)3.595 E F0 1.095(operators sort le) -3.595 F 1.095(xicographically using the current locale.)-.15 F(The)6.095 -E F3(test)3.595 E F0(com-)3.595 E(mand sorts using ASCII ordering.)108 +Q 1.095(When used with)108 284.4 R F3([[)3.595 E F0 3.595(,t)C(he)-3.595 +E F3(<)3.595 E F0(and)3.595 E F3(>)3.595 E F0 1.095(operators sort le) +3.595 F 1.095(xicographically using the current locale.)-.15 F(The)6.096 +E F3(test)3.596 E F0(com-)3.596 E(mand sorts using ASCII ordering.)108 296.4 Q F3108 320.4 Q F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)10.58 G(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists.).15 E F3108 332.4 Q F1 (\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)10.02 G(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex) @@ -3830,26 +3847,26 @@ F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is e).15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cutable.).15 E F3 (\255ef)2.5 E F1(\214le2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 584.4 S(ue if).35 E F1 (\214le1)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F1(\214le2)2.5 E F0(refer to the same de)2.5 E(vice and inode numbers.)-.25 E F1(\214le1)108 596.4 Q F02.5 E F3 -(nt)A F1(\214le2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 608.4 S .038(ue if).35 F F1 -(\214le1)2.538 E F0 .039(is ne)2.539 F .039 +(nt)A F1(\214le2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 608.4 S .039(ue if).35 F F1 +(\214le1)2.539 E F0 .039(is ne)2.539 F .039 (wer $according to modi\214cation date$ than)-.25 F F1(\214le2)2.539 E F0 2.539(,o)C 2.539(ri)-2.539 G(f)-2.539 E F1(\214le1)2.539 E F0 -.15 -(ex)2.539 G .039(ists and).15 F F1(\214le2)2.539 E F0 .039(does not.) -2.539 F F1(\214le1)108 620.4 Q F02.5 E F3(ot)A F1(\214le2)2.5 E F0 +(ex)2.539 G .039(ists and).15 F F1(\214le2)2.539 E F0 .038(does not.) +2.538 F F1(\214le1)108 620.4 Q F02.5 E F3(ot)A F1(\214le2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 632.4 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le1)2.5 E F0(is older than)2.5 E F1(\214le2)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C 2.5(ri)-2.5 G(f)-2.5 E F1(\214le2)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and).15 E F1(\214le1)2.5 E F0(does not.)2.5 E F3 -108 644.4 Q F1(optname)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 656.4 S .263 +108 644.4 Q F1(optname)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 656.4 S .262 (ue if the shell option).35 F F1(optname)2.992 E F0 .262(is enabled.) 2.942 F .262(See the list of options under the description of the)5.262 -F F32.762 E F0(option to the)144 668.4 Q F3(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu) +F F32.763 E F0(option to the)144 668.4 Q F3(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu) 2.5 G(iltin belo).2 E -.65(w.)-.25 G F3108 680.4 Q F1(varname)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 692.4 S(ue if the shell v).35 E(ariable)-.25 E F1 (varname)2.79 E F0(is set $has been assigned a v)2.68 E(alue$.)-.25 E F3108 704.4 Q F1(varname)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 716.4 S (ue if the shell v).35 E(ariable)-.25 E F1(varname)2.79 E F0 -(is set and is a name reference.)2.68 E(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q -(2013 March 4)146.79 E(30)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +(is set and is a name reference.)2.68 E(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q +(2013 September 2)138.455 E(30)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 31 31 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -3861,11 +3878,11 @@ BP 2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 132 S(ue if the length of).35 E F2(string)2.84 E F0 (is non-zero.)2.72 E F2(string1)108 148.8 Q F1(==)2.5 E F2(string2)2.5 E (string1)108 160.8 Q F1(=)2.5 E F2(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 172.8 S -.861(ue if the strings are equal.).35 F F1(=)5.861 E F0 .861 -(should be used with the)3.361 F F1(test)3.361 E F0 .862 -(command for POSIX conformance.)3.362 F .447(When used with the)144 +.862(ue if the strings are equal.).35 F F1(=)5.861 E F0 .861 +(should be used with the)3.361 F F1(test)3.361 E F0 .861 +(command for POSIX conformance.)3.361 F .446(When used with the)144 184.8 R F1([[)2.946 E F0 .446 -(command, this performs pattern matching as described abo)2.946 F .746 +(command, this performs pattern matching as described abo)2.946 F .747 -.15(ve $)-.15 H F1(Compound).15 E(Commands)144 196.8 Q F0($.)A F2 (string1)108 213.6 Q F1(!=)2.5 E F2(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 225.6 S (ue if the strings are not equal.).35 E F2(string1)108 242.4 Q F1(<)2.5 @@ -3875,63 +3892,63 @@ E(.)-.65 E F2(string1)108 271.2 Q F1(>)2.5 E F2(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35 (Tr)144 283.2 S(ue if).35 E F2(string1)2.5 E F0(sorts after)2.5 E F2 (string2)2.5 E F0(le)2.5 E(xicographically)-.15 E(.)-.65 E F2(ar)108.33 300 Q(g1)-.37 E F1(OP)2.5 E F2(ar)2.5 E(g2)-.37 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -(OP)144 312 Q F0 .385(is one of)2.634 F F1(\255eq)2.885 E F0(,)A F1 +(OP)144 312 Q F0 .385(is one of)2.635 F F1(\255eq)2.885 E F0(,)A F1 (\255ne)2.885 E F0(,)A F1(\255lt)2.885 E F0(,)A F1(\255le)2.885 E F0(,)A F1(\255gt)2.885 E F0 2.885(,o)C(r)-2.885 E F1(\255ge)2.885 E F0 5.385 (.T)C .385(hese arithmetic binary operators return true if)-5.385 F F2 -(ar)2.885 E(g1)-.37 E F0 .845(is equal to, not equal to, less than, les\ +(ar)2.884 E(g1)-.37 E F0 .845(is equal to, not equal to, less than, les\ s than or equal to, greater than, or greater than or equal to)144 324 R F2(ar)144 336 Q(g2)-.37 E F0 2.5(,r)C(especti)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly) .15 E(.)-.65 E F2(Ar)6.01 E(g1)-.37 E F0(and)2.5 E F2(ar)2.83 E(g2)-.37 E F0(may be positi)2.52 E .3 -.15(ve o)-.25 H 2.5(rn).15 G -2.25 -.15 (eg a)-2.5 H(ti).15 E .3 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(nte).15 E(gers.)-.15 E/F4 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIMPLE COMMAND EXP)72 352.8 Q(ANSION)-.81 E F0 -.613(When a simple command is e)108 364.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .614 -(cuted, the shell performs the follo).15 F .614(wing e)-.25 F .614 +.614(When a simple command is e)108 364.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .614 +(cuted, the shell performs the follo).15 F .613(wing e)-.25 F .613 (xpansions, assignments, and redi-)-.15 F(rections, from left to right.) -108 376.8 Q 26(1. The)108 393.6 R -.1(wo)4.349 G 1.849 -(rds that the parser has mark).1 F 1.848(ed as v)-.1 F 1.848 +108 376.8 Q 26(1. The)108 393.6 R -.1(wo)4.348 G 1.848 +(rds that the parser has mark).1 F 1.848(ed as v)-.1 F 1.849 (ariable assignments $those preceding the command)-.25 F (name$ and redirections are sa)144 405.6 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(df).15 G -(or later processing.)-2.5 E 26(2. The)108 422.4 R -.1(wo)3.663 G 1.163 +(or later processing.)-2.5 E 26(2. The)108 422.4 R -.1(wo)3.664 G 1.164 (rds that are not v).1 F 1.164 -(ariable assignments or redirections are e)-.25 F 3.664(xpanded. If)-.15 -F(an)3.664 E 3.664(yw)-.15 G 1.164(ords remain)-3.764 F .776(after e)144 -434.4 R .776(xpansion, the \214rst w)-.15 F .776(ord is tak)-.1 F .775 +(ariable assignments or redirections are e)-.25 F 3.663(xpanded. If)-.15 +F(an)3.663 E 3.663(yw)-.15 G 1.163(ords remain)-3.763 F .775(after e)144 +434.4 R .775(xpansion, the \214rst w)-.15 F .775(ord is tak)-.1 F .775 (en to be the name of the command and the remaining w)-.1 F(ords)-.1 E (are the ar)144 446.4 Q(guments.)-.18 E 26(3. Redirections)108 463.2 R (are performed as described abo)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F3 (REDIRECTION)2.5 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 26(4. The)108 480 R(te) -3.216 E .717(xt after the)-.15 F F1(=)3.217 E F0 .717(in each v)3.217 F +3.217 E .717(xt after the)-.15 F F1(=)3.217 E F0 .717(in each v)3.217 F .717(ariable assignment under)-.25 F .717(goes tilde e)-.18 F .717 -(xpansion, parameter e)-.15 F(xpansion,)-.15 E .34 +(xpansion, parameter e)-.15 F(xpansion,)-.15 E .339 (command substitution, arithmetic e)144 492 R .339 (xpansion, and quote remo)-.15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.839(lb).25 G .339 (efore being assigned to the v)-2.839 F(ari-)-.25 E(able.)144 504 Q .332 (If no command name results, the v)108 520.8 R .332 (ariable assignments af)-.25 F .332(fect the current shell en)-.25 F -2.833(vironment. Otherwise,)-.4 F(the)2.833 E -.25(va)108 532.8 S .757 +2.832(vironment. Otherwise,)-.4 F(the)2.832 E -.25(va)108 532.8 S .757 (riables are added to the en).25 F .757(vironment of the e)-.4 F -.15 (xe)-.15 G .757(cuted command and do not af).15 F .757 -(fect the current shell en)-.25 F(vi-)-.4 E 3.176(ronment. If)108 544.8 -R(an)3.176 E 3.176(yo)-.15 G 3.176(ft)-3.176 G .677 -(he assignments attempts to assign a v)-3.176 F .677 -(alue to a readonly v)-.25 F .677(ariable, an error occurs, and)-.25 F -(the command e)108 556.8 Q(xits with a non-zero status.)-.15 E .15 +(fect the current shell en)-.25 F(vi-)-.4 E 3.177(ronment. If)108 544.8 +R(an)3.177 E 3.177(yo)-.15 G 3.177(ft)-3.177 G .677 +(he assignments attempts to assign a v)-3.177 F .677 +(alue to a readonly v)-.25 F .676(ariable, an error occurs, and)-.25 F +(the command e)108 556.8 Q(xits with a non-zero status.)-.15 E .149 (If no command name results, redirections are performed, b)108 573.6 R -.149(ut do not af)-.2 F .149(fect the current shell en)-.25 F 2.649 +.149(ut do not af)-.2 F .15(fect the current shell en)-.25 F 2.65 (vironment. A)-.4 F(redirection error causes the command to e)108 585.6 Q(xit with a non-zero status.)-.15 E 1.064 (If there is a command name left after e)108 602.4 R 1.064(xpansion, e) -.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.064(cution proceeds as described belo).15 F -4.864 -.65(w. O)-.25 H 1.064(therwise, the).65 F .069(command e)108 -614.4 R 2.569(xits. If)-.15 F .069(one of the e)2.569 F .069 -(xpansions contained a command substitution, the e)-.15 F .068 -(xit status of the command)-.15 F .466(is the e)108 626.4 R .466 -(xit status of the last command substitution performed.)-.15 F .467 +4.864 -.65(w. O)-.25 H 1.064(therwise, the).65 F .068(command e)108 +614.4 R 2.568(xits. If)-.15 F .069(one of the e)2.568 F .069 +(xpansions contained a command substitution, the e)-.15 F .069 +(xit status of the command)-.15 F .467(is the e)108 626.4 R .466 +(xit status of the last command substitution performed.)-.15 F .466 (If there were no command substitutions, the)5.466 F(command e)108 638.4 Q(xits with a status of zero.)-.15 E F4(COMMAND EXECUTION)72 655.2 Q F0 -.547(After a command has been split into w)108 667.2 R .546 +.546(After a command has been split into w)108 667.2 R .547 (ords, if it results in a simple command and an optional list of ar)-.1 F(gu-)-.18 E(ments, the follo)108 679.2 Q(wing actions are tak)-.25 E (en.)-.1 E .379(If the command name contains no slashes, the shell atte\ @@ -3942,88 +3959,88 @@ mpts to locate it.)108 696 R .379(If there e)5.379 F .379 E F5(.)A F0 .246(If the name does not match a func-)4.746 F (tion, the shell searches for it in the list of shell b)108 720 Q 2.5 (uiltins. If)-.2 F 2.5(am)2.5 G(atch is found, that b)-2.5 E -(uiltin is in)-.2 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 -Q(2013 March 4)146.79 E(31)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +(uiltin is in)-.2 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 +Q(2013 September 2)138.455 E(31)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 32 32 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH$1$ B).35 F(ASH$1$) --.35 E .309(If the name is neither a shell function nor a b)108 84 R .31 -(uiltin, and contains no slashes,)-.2 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(bash)2.81 -E F0 .31(searches each element of)2.81 F(the)108 96 Q/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 -SF -.666(PA)3.163 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .662(for a directory containing an e) -2.913 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .662(cutable \214le by that name.).15 F F1(Bash) -5.662 E F0 .662(uses a hash table to remember)3.162 F 1.914 -(the full pathnames of e)108 108 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.915 -(cutable \214les $see).15 F F1(hash)4.415 E F0(under)4.415 E F2 1.915 -(SHELL B)4.415 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.915(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)4.165 E -4.415(w$. 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The)108 302.4 R +/Times-Roman@0 SF(\))A F0(are retained by the child.)2.25 E .347 +(If the program is a \214le be)108 290.4 R .347(ginning with)-.15 F F1 +(#!)2.847 E F0 2.847(,t)C .348(he remainder of the \214rst line speci\ +\214es an interpreter for the pro-)-2.847 F 3.178(gram. The)108 302.4 R .678(shell e)3.178 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .678(cutes the speci\214ed interpre\ ter on operating systems that do not handle this e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -(cutable).15 E 1.193(format themselv)108 314.4 R 3.693(es. The)-.15 F +(cutable).15 E 1.192(format themselv)108 314.4 R 3.692(es. 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When)108 177.6 R(not in)2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF (posix)2.5 E F0(mode,)2.5 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(clears the)2.5 E F1 -2.5 E F0(option in such subshells.)2.5 E .405(If a command is follo)108 -194.4 R .405(wed by a)-.25 F F1(&)2.905 E F0 .404 -(and job control is not acti)2.905 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.904(,t).15 G .404 -(he def)-2.904 F .404(ault standard input for the command)-.1 F .197 -(is the empty \214le)108 206.4 R F2(/de)2.697 E(v/null)-.15 E F0 5.197 -(.O)C .197(therwise, the in)-5.197 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.697(dc) -.1 G .198(ommand inherits the \214le descriptors of the calling shell) --2.697 F(as modi\214ed by redirections.)108 218.4 Q/F3 10.95 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(ENVIR)72 235.2 Q(ONMENT)-.329 E F0 2.354 +2.5 E F0(option in such subshells.)2.5 E .404(If a command is follo)108 +194.4 R .404(wed by a)-.25 F F1(&)2.904 E F0 .405 +(and job control is not acti)2.904 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.905(,t).15 G .405 +(he def)-2.905 F .405(ault standard input for the command)-.1 F .198 +(is the empty \214le)108 206.4 R F2(/de)2.698 E(v/null)-.15 E F0 5.198 +(.O)C .198(therwise, the in)-5.198 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.698(dc) +.1 G .197(ommand inherits the \214le descriptors of the calling shell) +-2.698 F(as modi\214ed by redirections.)108 218.4 Q/F3 10.95 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(ENVIR)72 235.2 Q(ONMENT)-.329 E F0 2.353 (When a program is in)108 247.2 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 4.853(di).1 G 4.853(ti)-4.853 G 4.853(sg)-4.853 G -2.15 -.25(iv e)-4.853 H 4.853(na) .25 G 4.853(na)-4.853 G 2.353(rray of strings called the)-4.853 F F2(en) -4.853 E(vir)-.4 E(onment)-.45 E F0 7.353(.T).68 G 2.353 +4.853 E(vir)-.4 E(onment)-.45 E F0 7.353(.T).68 G 2.354 (his is a list of)-7.353 F F2(name)108 259.2 Q F0A F2(value)A F0 (pairs, of the form)2.5 E F2(name)2.5 E F0(=)A F2(value)A F0(.).18 E -1.485(The shell pro)108 276 R 1.485(vides se)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.485 +1.486(The shell pro)108 276 R 1.486(vides se)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.486 (ral w).15 F 1.485(ays to manipulate the en)-.1 F 3.985(vironment. On) --.4 F(in)3.985 E -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.486(cation, the shell scans its o).2 F +-.4 F(in)3.985 E -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.485(cation, the shell scans its o).2 F (wn)-.25 E(en)108 288 Q .144(vironment and creates a parameter for each\ - name found, automatically marking it for)-.4 F F2 -.2(ex)2.643 G(port) -.2 E F0 .143(to child pro-)3.323 F 2.703(cesses. Ex)108 300 R .203 + name found, automatically marking it for)-.4 F F2 -.2(ex)2.644 G(port) +.2 E F0 .144(to child pro-)3.324 F 2.704(cesses. Ex)108 300 R .203 (ecuted commands inherit the en)-.15 F 2.703(vironment. The)-.4 F F1 (export)2.703 E F0(and)2.703 E F1(declar)2.703 E 2.703<65ad>-.18 G(x) --2.703 E F0 .203(commands allo)2.703 F 2.704(wp)-.25 G(aram-)-2.704 E +-2.703 E F0 .203(commands allo)2.703 F 2.703(wp)-.25 G(aram-)-2.703 E 1.153(eters and functions to be added to and deleted from the en)108 312 -R 3.653(vironment. If)-.4 F 1.153(the v)3.653 F 1.153 +R 3.653(vironment. If)-.4 F 1.153(the v)3.653 F 1.154 (alue of a parameter in the)-.25 F(en)108 324 Q .64 (vironment is modi\214ed, the ne)-.4 F 3.14(wv)-.25 G .64 (alue becomes part of the en)-3.39 F .64(vironment, replacing the old.) -.4 F .64(The en)5.64 F(viron-)-.4 E .58(ment inherited by an)108 336 R 3.08(ye)-.15 G -.15(xe)-3.23 G .58(cuted command consists of the shell') .15 F 3.08(si)-.55 G .58(nitial en)-3.08 F .58(vironment, whose v)-.4 F -.58(alues may be)-.25 F .3(modi\214ed in the shell, less an)108 348 R -2.8(yp)-.15 G .3(airs remo)-2.8 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.8(db).15 G 2.801(yt) --2.8 G(he)-2.801 E F1(unset)2.801 E F0 .301(command, plus an)2.801 F -2.801(ya)-.15 G .301(dditions via the)-2.801 F F1(export)2.801 E F0(and) -2.801 E F1(declar)108 360 Q 2.5<65ad>-.18 G(x)-2.5 E F0(commands.)2.5 E -.563(The en)108 376.8 R .563(vironment for an)-.4 F(y)-.15 E F2 .563 -(simple command)3.403 F F0 .562 +.58(alues may be)-.25 F .301(modi\214ed in the shell, less an)108 348 R +2.801(yp)-.15 G .301(airs remo)-2.801 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.801(db).15 G +2.801(yt)-2.801 G(he)-2.801 E F1(unset)2.801 E F0 .3(command, plus an) +2.8 F 2.8(ya)-.15 G .3(dditions via the)-2.8 F F1(export)2.8 E F0(and) +2.8 E F1(declar)108 360 Q 2.5<65ad>-.18 G(x)-2.5 E F0(commands.)2.5 E +.562(The en)108 376.8 R .562(vironment for an)-.4 F(y)-.15 E F2 .562 +(simple command)3.402 F F0 .563 (or function may be augmented temporarily by pre\214xing it with)3.833 F -.202(parameter assignments, as described abo)108 388.8 R .502 -.15(ve i) +.203(parameter assignments, as described abo)108 388.8 R .502 -.15(ve i) -.15 H(n).15 E/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)2.702 G(RAMETERS).666 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .202(These assignment statements af)4.702 F -.203(fect only the)-.25 F(en)108 400.8 Q +.202(fect only the)-.25 F(en)108 400.8 Q (vironment seen by that command.)-.4 E .81(If the)108 417.6 R F1 3.31 E F0 .81(option is set $see the)3.31 F F1(set)3.31 E F0 -.2(bu) 3.31 G .81(iltin command belo).2 F .81(w$, then)-.25 F F2(all)3.64 E F0 .81(parameter assignments are placed in)3.82 F(the en)108 429.6 Q (vironment for a command, not just those that precede the command name.) --.4 E(When)108 446.4 Q F1(bash)3.585 E F0(in)3.585 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1 -(ke).2 G 3.585(sa).1 G 3.585(ne)-3.585 G 1.085(xternal command, the v) --3.735 F(ariable)-.25 E F1(_)3.585 E F0 1.086 +-.4 E(When)108 446.4 Q F1(bash)3.586 E F0(in)3.586 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1 +(ke).2 G 3.586(sa).1 G 3.586(ne)-3.586 G 1.086(xternal command, the v) +-3.736 F(ariable)-.25 E F1(_)3.586 E F0 1.085 (is set to the full \214lename of the command and)3.586 F (passed to that command in its en)108 458.4 Q(vironment.)-.4 E F3 -(EXIT ST)72 475.2 Q -1.04(AT)-.986 G(US)1.04 E F0 .151(The e)108 487.2 R -.151(xit status of an e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .151 -(cuted command is the v).15 F .15(alue returned by the)-.25 F F2 -(waitpid)2.65 E F0 .15(system call or equi)2.65 F -.25(va)-.25 G .15 -(lent func-).25 F 2.847(tion. Exit)108 499.2 R .347(statuses f)2.847 F -.347(all between 0 and 255, though, as e)-.1 F .347(xplained belo)-.15 F -1.647 -.65(w, t)-.25 H .347(he shell may use v).65 F .348(alues abo)-.25 -F .648 -.15(ve 1)-.15 H(25).15 E(specially)108 511.2 Q 5.674(.E)-.65 G -.674(xit statuses from shell b)-5.674 F .673 +(EXIT ST)72 475.2 Q -1.04(AT)-.986 G(US)1.04 E F0 .15(The e)108 487.2 R +.15(xit status of an e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .15(cuted command is the v) +.15 F .151(alue returned by the)-.25 F F2(waitpid)2.651 E F0 .151 +(system call or equi)2.651 F -.25(va)-.25 G .151(lent func-).25 F 2.848 +(tion. Exit)108 499.2 R .348(statuses f)2.848 F .347 +(all between 0 and 255, though, as e)-.1 F .347(xplained belo)-.15 F +1.647 -.65(w, t)-.25 H .347(he shell may use v).65 F .347(alues abo)-.25 +F .647 -.15(ve 1)-.15 H(25).15 E(specially)108 511.2 Q 5.673(.E)-.65 G +.673(xit statuses from shell b)-5.673 F .673 (uiltins and compound commands are also limited to this range. Under)-.2 F(certain circumstances, the shell will use special v)108 523.2 Q (alues to indicate speci\214c f)-.25 E(ailure modes.)-.1 E -.15(Fo)108 -540 S 3.372(rt).15 G .872(he shell')-3.372 F 3.372(sp)-.55 G .873 -(urposes, a command which e)-3.372 F .873(xits with a zero e)-.15 F .873 -(xit status has succeeded.)-.15 F .873(An e)5.873 F .873(xit status of) --.15 F .049(zero indicates success.)108 552 R 2.549(An)5.049 G .049 -(on-zero e)-2.549 F .049(xit status indicates f)-.15 F 2.549 -(ailure. When)-.1 F 2.549(ac)2.549 G .048(ommand terminates on a f) --2.549 F .048(atal sig-)-.1 F(nal)108 564 Q F2(N)2.5 E F0(,)A F1(bash) +540 S 3.373(rt).15 G .873(he shell')-3.373 F 3.373(sp)-.55 G .873 +(urposes, a command which e)-3.373 F .873(xits with a zero e)-.15 F .873 +(xit status has succeeded.)-.15 F .872(An e)5.872 F .872(xit status of) +-.15 F .048(zero indicates success.)108 552 R 2.548(An)5.048 G .049 +(on-zero e)-2.548 F .049(xit status indicates f)-.15 F 2.549 +(ailure. When)-.1 F 2.549(ac)2.549 G .049(ommand terminates on a f) +-2.549 F .049(atal sig-)-.1 F(nal)108 564 Q F2(N)2.5 E F0(,)A F1(bash) 2.5 E F0(uses the v)2.5 E(alue of 128+)-.25 E F2(N)A F0(as the e)2.5 E -(xit status.)-.15 E .404 +(xit status.)-.15 E .405 (If a command is not found, the child process created to e)108 580.8 R --.15(xe)-.15 G .404(cute it returns a status of 127.).15 F .405 -(If a command is)5.405 F(found b)108 592.8 Q(ut is not e)-.2 E -.15(xe) +-.15(xe)-.15 G .404(cute it returns a status of 127.).15 F .404 +(If a command is)5.404 F(found b)108 592.8 Q(ut is not e)-.2 E -.15(xe) -.15 G(cutable, the return status is 126.).15 E(If a command f)108 609.6 Q(ails because of an error during e)-.1 E (xpansion or redirection, the e)-.15 E(xit status is greater than zero.) --.15 E .081(Shell b)108 626.4 R .081 +-.15 E .08(Shell b)108 626.4 R .08 (uiltin commands return a status of 0 $)-.2 F F2(true)A F0 2.581($i)C -2.581(fs)-2.581 G .08(uccessful, and non-zero $)-2.581 F F2(false)A F0 -2.58($i)C 2.58(fa)-2.58 G 2.58(ne)-2.58 G .08(rror occurs while)-2.58 F -(the)108 638.4 Q 2.5(ye)-.15 G -.15(xe)-2.65 G 2.5(cute. All).15 F -.2 -(bu)2.5 G(iltins return an e).2 E +2.581(fs)-2.581 G .081(uccessful, and non-zero $)-2.581 F F2(false)A F0 +2.581($i)C 2.581(fa)-2.581 G 2.581(ne)-2.581 G .081(rror occurs while) +-2.581 F(the)108 638.4 Q 2.5(ye)-.15 G -.15(xe)-2.65 G 2.5(cute. All).15 +F -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltins return an e).2 E (xit status of 2 to indicate incorrect usage.)-.15 E F1(Bash)108 655.2 Q -F0 .201(itself returns the e)2.701 F .202 -(xit status of the last command e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .202 +F0 .202(itself returns the e)2.702 F .202 +(xit status of the last command e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .201 (cuted, unless a syntax error occurs, in which case).15 F(it e)108 667.2 Q(xits with a non-zero v)-.15 E 2.5(alue. See)-.25 F(also the)2.5 E F1 (exit)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command belo).2 E -.65(w.)-.25 G F3 -(SIGN)72 684 Q(ALS)-.219 E F0(When)108 696 Q F1(bash)3.183 E F0 .683 -(is interacti)3.183 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.183(,i).15 G 3.183(nt)-3.183 G -.683(he absence of an)-3.183 F 3.183(yt)-.15 G .683(raps, it ignores) --3.183 F F4(SIGTERM)3.183 E F0 .682($so that)2.933 F F1 .682(kill 0) -3.182 F F0 .682(does not kill an)3.182 F(interacti)108 708 Q .757 -.15 -(ve s)-.25 H .457(hell$, and).15 F F4(SIGINT)2.957 E F0 .458 -(is caught and handled $so that the)2.707 F F1(wait)2.958 E F0 -.2(bu) -2.958 G .458(iltin is interruptible$.).2 F .458(In all cases,)5.458 F +(SIGN)72 684 Q(ALS)-.219 E F0(When)108 696 Q F1(bash)3.182 E F0 .682 +(is interacti)3.182 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.182(,i).15 G 3.182(nt)-3.182 G +.682(he absence of an)-3.182 F 3.183(yt)-.15 G .683(raps, it ignores) +-3.183 F F4(SIGTERM)3.183 E F0 .683($so that)2.933 F F1 .683(kill 0) +3.183 F F0 .683(does not kill an)3.183 F(interacti)108 708 Q .758 -.15 +(ve s)-.25 H .458(hell$, and).15 F F4(SIGINT)2.958 E F0 .458 +(is caught and handled $so that the)2.708 F F1(wait)2.958 E F0 -.2(bu) +2.958 G .457(iltin is interruptible$.).2 F .457(In all cases,)5.457 F F1(bash)108 720 Q F0(ignores)2.5 E F4(SIGQ)2.5 E(UIT)-.09 E F5(.)A F0 (If job control is in ef)4.5 E(fect,)-.25 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(ignores)2.5 E F4(SIGTTIN)2.5 E F5(,)A F4(SIGTT)2.25 E(OU)-.162 E F5(,)A F0(and)2.25 -E F4(SIGTSTP)2.5 E F5(.)A F0(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2013 March 4)146.79 E -(33)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +E F4(SIGTSTP)2.5 E F5(.)A F0(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2013 September 2) +138.455 E(33)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 34 34 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH$1$ B).35 F(ASH$1$) --.35 E(Non-b)108 84 Q 1.065(uiltin commands run by)-.2 F/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(bash)3.565 E F0(ha)3.565 E 1.365 -.15(ve s)-.2 H 1.065 -(ignal handlers set to the v).15 F 1.064 -(alues inherited by the shell from its)-.25 F 3.247(parent. 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When)108 96 +R .748(job control is not in ef)3.248 F .747 (fect, asynchronous commands ignore)-.25 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGINT) -3.248 E F0(and)2.998 E F2(SIGQ)3.248 E(UIT)-.09 E F0 .748(in addi-)2.998 -F .653(tion to these inherited handlers.)108 108 R .653 -(Commands run as a result of command substitution ignore the k)5.653 F +3.247 E F0(and)2.997 E F2(SIGQ)3.247 E(UIT)-.09 E F0 .747(in addi-)2.997 +F .652(tion to these inherited handlers.)108 108 R .653 +(Commands run as a result of command substitution ignore the k)5.652 F -.15(ey)-.1 G(board-).15 E(generated job control signals)108 120 Q F2 (SIGTTIN)2.5 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F2(SIGTT)2.25 E(OU)-.162 E F3 -(,)A F0(and)2.25 E F2(SIGTSTP)2.5 E F3(.)A F0 2.045(The shell e)108 -136.8 R 2.045(xits by def)-.15 F 2.045(ault upon receipt of a)-.1 F F2 +(,)A F0(and)2.25 E F2(SIGTSTP)2.5 E F3(.)A F0 2.046(The shell e)108 +136.8 R 2.046(xits by def)-.15 F 2.045(ault upon receipt of a)-.1 F F2 (SIGHUP)4.545 E F3(.)A F0 2.045(Before e)6.545 F 2.045 -(xiting, an interacti)-.15 F 2.346 -.15(ve s)-.25 H 2.046 -(hell resends the).15 F F2(SIGHUP)108 148.8 Q F0 1.005 -(to all jobs, running or stopped.)3.255 F 1.004(Stopped jobs are sent) -6.005 F F2(SIGCONT)3.504 E F0 1.004(to ensure that the)3.254 F 3.504(yr) --.15 G(ecei)-3.504 E 1.304 -.15(ve t)-.25 H(he).15 E F2(SIGHUP)108 160.8 -Q F3(.)A F0 2.529 -.8(To p)5.429 H(re).8 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .93(nt the sh\ -ell from sending the signal to a particular job, it should be remo).15 F --.15(ve)-.15 G 3.43(df).15 G .93(rom the)-3.43 F 1.357 -(jobs table with the)108 172.8 R F1(diso)3.857 E(wn)-.1 E F0 -.2(bu) -3.857 G 1.357(iltin $see).2 F F2 1.356(SHELL B)3.856 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.356 -(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.606 E 1.356(w$ or mark)-.25 F 1.356 +(xiting, an interacti)-.15 F 2.345 -.15(ve s)-.25 H 2.045 +(hell resends the).15 F F2(SIGHUP)108 148.8 Q F0 1.004 +(to all jobs, running or stopped.)3.254 F 1.004(Stopped jobs are sent) +6.004 F F2(SIGCONT)3.505 E F0 1.005(to ensure 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CONTR)72 -283.2 Q(OL)-.329 E/F5 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.25(Jo)108 295.2 S 4.567(bc) -.25 G(ontr)-4.567 E(ol)-.45 E F0 2.067(refers to the ability to selecti) -5.077 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.067(ly stop $).15 F F5(suspend)A F0 4.567($t) -C 2.068(he e)-4.567 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.068 +283.2 Q(OL)-.329 E/F5 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.25(Jo)108 295.2 S 4.568(bc) +.25 G(ontr)-4.568 E(ol)-.45 E F0 2.068(refers to the ability to selecti) +5.078 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.067(ly stop $).15 F F5(suspend)A F0 4.567($t) +C 2.067(he e)-4.567 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.067 (cution of processes and continue).15 F($)108 307.2 Q F5 -.37(re)C -(sume).37 E F0 3.202($t)C .702(heir e)-3.202 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .702 +(sume).37 E F0 3.201(\)t)C .701(heir e)-3.201 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .702 (cution at a later point.).15 F 3.202(Au)5.702 G .702 (ser typically emplo)-3.202 F .702(ys this f)-.1 F .702 -(acility via an interacti)-.1 F 1.001 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(nterf).15 E(ace) +(acility via an interacti)-.1 F 1.002 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(nterf).15 E(ace) -.1 E(supplied jointly by the operating system k)108 319.2 Q(ernel')-.1 E 2.5(st)-.55 G(erminal dri)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ra).15 G(nd)-2.5 E -F1(bash)2.5 E F0(.)A .784(The shell associates a)108 336 R F5(job)5.024 -E F0 .784(with each pipeline.)3.514 F .784(It k)5.784 F .785 -(eeps a table of currently e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .785 -(cuting jobs, which may be).15 F .341(listed with the)108 348 R F1(jobs) -2.841 E F0 2.841(command. When)2.841 F F1(bash)2.841 E F0 .341 -(starts a job asynchronously $in the)2.841 F F5(bac)2.84 E(kgr)-.2 E -(ound)-.45 E F0 .34($, it prints a line).77 F(that looks lik)108 360 Q +F1(bash)2.5 E F0(.)A .785(The shell associates a)108 336 R F5(job)5.025 +E F0 .785(with each pipeline.)3.515 F .784(It k)5.785 F .784 +(eeps a table of currently e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .784 +(cuting jobs, which may be).15 F .34(listed with the)108 348 R F1(jobs) +2.84 E F0 2.84(command. When)2.84 F F1(bash)2.84 E F0 .341 +(starts a job asynchronously $in the)2.84 F F5(bac)2.841 E(kgr)-.2 E +(ound)-.45 E F0 .341($, it prints a line).77 F(that looks lik)108 360 Q (e:)-.1 E([1] 25647)144 376.8 Q .241(indicating that this job is job nu\ mber 1 and that the process ID of the last process in the pipeline asso\ -ciated)108 393.6 R .733(with this job is 25647.)108 405.6 R .732 +ciated)108 393.6 R .732(with this job is 25647.)108 405.6 R .733 (All of the processes in a single pipeline are members of the same job) -5.733 F(.)-.4 E F1(Bash)5.732 E F0(uses)3.232 E(the)108 417.6 Q F5(job) -4.24 E F0(abstraction as the basis for job control.)2.73 E 3.062 -.8 -(To f)108 434.4 T 1.462(acilitate the implementation of the user interf) -.7 F 1.463(ace to job control, the operating system maintains the)-.1 F -.871(notion of a)108 446.4 R F5(curr)3.371 E .871(ent terminal pr)-.37 F -.871(ocess gr)-.45 F .871(oup ID)-.45 F F0 5.871(.M)C .87 +5.732 F(.)-.4 E F1(Bash)5.733 E F0(uses)3.233 E(the)108 417.6 Q F5(job) +4.24 E F0(abstraction as the basis for job control.)2.73 E 3.063 -.8 +(To f)108 434.4 T 1.463(acilitate the implementation of the user interf) +.7 F 1.462(ace to job control, the operating system maintains the)-.1 F +.87(notion of a)108 446.4 R F5(curr)3.37 E .87(ent terminal pr)-.37 F +.871(ocess gr)-.45 F .871(oup ID)-.45 F F0 5.871(.M)C .871 (embers of this process group $processes whose process)-5.871 F .023 (group ID is equal to the current terminal process group ID$ recei)108 458.4 R .323 -.15(ve k)-.25 H -.15(ey).05 G .023 -(board-generated signals such as).15 F F2(SIG-)2.523 E(INT)108 470.4 Q -F3(.)A F0 1.347(These processes are said to be in the)5.847 F F5(for) -3.846 E -.4(eg)-.37 G -.45(ro).4 G(und).45 E F0(.).77 E F5(Bac)6.926 E -(kgr)-.2 E(ound)-.45 E F0 1.346(processes are those whose process)4.616 -F .145(group ID dif)108 482.4 R .145(fers from the terminal')-.25 F .146 -(s; such processes are immune to k)-.55 F -.15(ey)-.1 G .146 -(board-generated signals.).15 F .146(Only fore-)5.146 F .16 +(board-generated signals such as).15 F F2(SIG-)2.522 E(INT)108 470.4 Q +F3(.)A F0 1.346(These processes are said to be in the)5.846 F F5(for) +3.847 E -.4(eg)-.37 G -.45(ro).4 G(und).45 E F0(.).77 E F5(Bac)6.927 E +(kgr)-.2 E(ound)-.45 E F0 1.347(processes are those whose process)4.617 +F .146(group ID dif)108 482.4 R .146(fers from the terminal')-.25 F .146 +(s; such processes are immune to k)-.55 F -.15(ey)-.1 G .145 +(board-generated signals.).15 F .145(Only fore-)5.145 F .16 (ground processes are allo)108 494.4 R .16(wed to read from or)-.25 F 2.66(,i)-.4 G 2.66(ft)-2.66 G .16(he user so speci\214es with)-2.66 F/F6 10/Courier@0 SF .16(stty tostop)2.66 F F0 2.66(,w)C .16(rite to the ter) --2.66 F(-)-.2 E 3.051(minal. Background)108 506.4 R .551 -(processes which attempt to read from $write to when)3.051 F F6 .551 -(stty tostop)3.051 F F0 .552(is in ef)3.052 F .552(fect$ the)-.25 F -.718(terminal are sent a)108 518.4 R F2 .718(SIGTTIN $SIGTT)3.218 F -(OU$)-.162 E F0 .718(signal by the k)2.968 F(ernel')-.1 E 3.217(st)-.55 -G .717(erminal dri)-3.217 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.517 -.4(r, w).15 H .717 -(hich, unless caught, sus-).4 F(pends the process.)108 530.4 Q 1.087 -(If the operating system on which)108 547.2 R F1(bash)3.587 E F0 1.088 -(is running supports job control,)3.588 F F1(bash)3.588 E F0 1.088 -(contains f)3.588 F 1.088(acilities to use it.)-.1 F -.8(Ty)108 559.2 S -.302(ping the).8 F F5(suspend)3.142 E F0 .302(character $typically) -3.572 F F1(^Z)2.801 E F0 2.801(,C)C .301 +-2.66 F(-)-.2 E 3.052(minal. Background)108 506.4 R .551 +(processes which attempt to read from \(write to when)3.052 F F6 .551 +(stty tostop)3.051 F F0 .551(is in ef)3.051 F .551(fect$ the)-.25 F +.717(terminal are sent a)108 518.4 R F2 .717(SIGTTIN $SIGTT)3.217 F +(OU$)-.162 E F0 .718(signal by the k)2.967 F(ernel')-.1 E 3.218(st)-.55 +G .718(erminal dri)-3.218 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.518 -.4(r, w).15 H .718 +(hich, unless caught, sus-).4 F(pends the process.)108 530.4 Q 1.088 +(If the operating system on which)108 547.2 R F1(bash)3.588 E F0 1.088 +(is running supports job control,)3.588 F F1(bash)3.587 E F0 1.087 +(contains f)3.587 F 1.087(acilities to use it.)-.1 F -.8(Ty)108 559.2 S +.301(ping the).8 F F5(suspend)3.141 E F0 .301(character $typically) +3.571 F F1(^Z)2.801 E F0 2.801(,C)C .301 (ontrol-Z$ while a process is running causes that process to be)-2.801 -F 2.142(stopped and returns control to)108 571.2 R F1(bash)4.642 E F0 +F 2.143(stopped and returns control to)108 571.2 R F1(bash)4.642 E F0 7.142(.T)C 2.142(yping the)-7.942 F F5 2.142(delayed suspend)4.992 F F0 -2.143(character $typically)5.413 F F1(^Y)4.643 E F0 4.643(,C)C -(ontrol-Y$)-4.643 E .021(causes the process to be stopped when it atte\ +2.142(character $typically)5.412 F F1(^Y)4.642 E F0 4.642(,C)C +(ontrol-Y$)-4.642 E .021(causes the process to be stopped when it atte\ mpts to read input from the terminal, and control to be returned)108 583.2 R(to)108 595.2 Q F1(bash)3.392 E F0 5.892(.T)C .892 (he user may then manipulate the state of this job, using the)-5.892 F -F1(bg)3.392 E F0 .892(command to continue it in the)3.392 F .895 -(background, the)108 607.2 R F1(fg)3.395 E F0 .895 -(command to continue it in the fore)3.395 F .895(ground, or the)-.15 F -F1(kill)3.395 E F0 .894(command to kill it.)3.395 F(A)5.894 E F1(^Z) -3.394 E F0(tak)3.394 E(es)-.1 E(ef)108 619.2 Q .948(fect immediately) --.25 F 3.448(,a)-.65 G .948(nd has the additional side ef)-3.448 F .948 +F1(bg)3.392 E F0 .892(command to continue it in the)3.392 F .894 +(background, the)108 607.2 R F1(fg)3.394 E F0 .895 +(command to continue it in the fore)3.394 F .895(ground, or the)-.15 F +F1(kill)3.395 E F0 .895(command to kill it.)3.395 F(A)5.895 E F1(^Z) +3.395 E F0(tak)3.395 E(es)-.1 E(ef)108 619.2 Q .949(fect immediately) +-.25 F 3.449(,a)-.65 G .948(nd has the additional side ef)-3.449 F .948 (fect of causing pending output and typeahead to be dis-)-.25 F(carded.) 108 631.2 Q .777(There are a number of w)108 648 R .777 (ays to refer to a job in the shell.)-.1 F .777(The character)5.777 F F1 (%)3.277 E F0 .777(introduces a job speci\214cation)3.277 F($)108 660 Q -F5(jobspec)A F0 3.457($. Job)B(number)3.457 E F5(n)3.817 E F0 .957 +F5(jobspec)A F0 3.458(\). Job)B(number)3.458 E F5(n)3.818 E F0 .957 (may be referred to as)3.697 F F1(%n)3.457 E F0 5.957(.A)C .957 (job may also be referred to using a pre\214x of the)-2.5 F .59(name us\ ed to start it, or using a substring that appears in its command line.) 108 672 R -.15(Fo)5.59 G 3.09(re).15 G(xample,)-3.24 E F1(%ce)3.09 E F0 -.59(refers to a)3.09 F(stopped)108 684 Q F1(ce)3.463 E F0(job)3.463 E -5.963(.I)-.4 G 3.463(fap)-5.963 G .963 +.59(refers to a)3.09 F(stopped)108 684 Q F1(ce)3.464 E F0(job)3.464 E +5.964(.I)-.4 G 3.463(fap)-5.964 G .963 (re\214x matches more than one job,)-3.463 F F1(bash)3.463 E F0 .963 (reports an error)3.463 F 5.963(.U)-.55 G(sing)-5.963 E F1(%?ce)3.463 E -F0 3.464(,o)C 3.464(nt)-3.464 G .964(he other)-3.464 F .087 +F0 3.463(,o)C 3.463(nt)-3.463 G .963(he other)-3.463 F .086 (hand, refers to an)108 696 R 2.587(yj)-.15 G .087 (ob containing the string)-2.587 F F1(ce)2.587 E F0 .087 (in its command line.)2.587 F .087 @@ -4325,74 +4342,74 @@ F0 3.464(,o)C 3.464(nt)-3.464 G .964(he other)-3.464 F .087 (he symbols)-5.018 F F1(%%)2.518 E F0(and)2.518 E F1(%+)2.518 E F0 .018 (refer to the shell')2.518 F 2.518(sn)-.55 G .018(otion of the)-2.518 F F5(curr)2.518 E .018(ent job)-.37 F F0 2.518(,w).23 G .018(hich is) --2.518 F .495(the last job stopped while it w)108 720 R .495 +-2.518 F .494(the last job stopped while it w)108 720 R .495 (as in the fore)-.1 F .495(ground or started in the background.)-.15 F -(The)5.494 E F5(pr)4.244 E -.15(ev)-.37 G .494(ious job).15 F F0 .494 -(may be)3.224 F(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2013 March 4)146.79 E(34)195.95 E -0 Cg EP +(The)5.495 E F5(pr)4.245 E -.15(ev)-.37 G .495(ious job).15 F F0 .495 +(may be)3.225 F(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2013 September 2)138.455 E(34) +187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 35 35 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH$1$ B).35 F(ASH$1$) --.35 E .787(referenced using)108 84 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<25ad>3.287 E -F0 5.787(.I)C 3.287(ft)-5.787 G .787(here is only a single job,)-3.287 F -F1(%+)3.287 E F0(and)3.287 E F1<25ad>3.287 E F0 .788 -(can both be used to refer to that job)3.287 F 5.788(.I)-.4 G(n)-5.788 E -.257(output pertaining to jobs $e.g., the output of the)108 96 R F1 +-.35 E .788(referenced using)108 84 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<25ad>3.288 E +F0 5.788(.I)C 3.288(ft)-5.788 G .787(here is only a single job,)-3.288 F +F1(%+)3.287 E F0(and)3.287 E F1<25ad>3.287 E F0 .787 +(can both be used to refer to that job)3.287 F 5.787(.I)-.4 G(n)-5.787 E +.256(output pertaining to jobs \(e.g., the output of the)108 96 R F1 (jobs)2.756 E F0 .256(command$, the current job is al)2.756 F -.1(wa) --.1 G .256(ys \215agged with a).1 F F1(+)2.756 E F0(,)A .41(and the pre) -108 108 R .41(vious job with a)-.25 F F12.91 E F0 5.41(.A)C .411 -(single % $with no accompan)-2.5 F .411 +-.1 G .257(ys \215agged with a).1 F F1(+)2.757 E F0(,)A .411 +(and the pre)108 108 R .411(vious job with a)-.25 F F12.911 E F0 +5.411(.A)C .411(single % \(with no accompan)-2.5 F .41 (ying job speci\214cation$ also refers to the cur)-.15 F(-)-.2 E -(rent job)108 120 Q(.)-.4 E .444 +(rent job)108 120 Q(.)-.4 E .443 (Simply naming a job can be used to bring it into the fore)108 136.8 R -(ground:)-.15 E F1(%1)2.943 E F0 .443(is a synon)2.943 F .443(ym for) --.15 F F1 -.63(``)2.943 G .443(fg %1').63 F(')-.63 E F0 2.943(,b)C -(ringing)-2.943 E 1.472(job 1 from the background into the fore)108 -148.8 R 3.972(ground. Similarly)-.15 F(,)-.65 E F1 -.63(``)3.973 G 1.473 -(%1 &').63 F(')-.63 E F0 1.473(resumes job 1 in the background,)3.973 F +(ground:)-.15 E F1(%1)2.944 E F0 .444(is a synon)2.944 F .444(ym for) +-.15 F F1 -.63(``)2.944 G .444(fg %1').63 F(')-.63 E F0 2.944(,b)C +(ringing)-2.944 E 1.473(job 1 from the background into the fore)108 +148.8 R 3.973(ground. Similarly)-.15 F(,)-.65 E F1 -.63(``)3.972 G 1.472 +(%1 &').63 F(')-.63 E F0 1.472(resumes job 1 in the background,)3.972 F (equi)108 160.8 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1 -.63(``)2.5 G(bg %1') -.63 E(')-.63 E F0(.)A .131(The shell learns immediately whene)108 177.6 -R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.631(raj).15 G .131(ob changes state.)-2.631 F -(Normally)5.131 E(,)-.65 E F1(bash)2.631 E F0 -.1(wa)2.63 G .13 -(its until it is about to print a).1 F .157 -(prompt before reporting changes in a job')108 189.6 R 2.657(ss)-.55 G -.157(tatus so as to not interrupt an)-2.657 F 2.658(yo)-.15 G .158 -(ther output.)-2.658 F .158(If the)5.158 F F12.658 E F0 .158 -(option to)2.658 F(the)108 201.6 Q F1(set)3.952 E F0 -.2(bu)3.952 G -1.452(iltin command is enabled,).2 F F1(bash)3.952 E F0 1.451 -(reports such changes immediately)3.952 F 6.451(.A)-.65 G 1.751 -.15 -(ny t)-6.451 H 1.451(rap on).15 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGCHLD)3.951 E -F0(is)3.701 E -.15(exe)108 213.6 S(cuted for each child that e).15 E -(xits.)-.15 E .032(If an attempt to e)108 230.4 R(xit)-.15 E F1(bash) -2.532 E F0 .032(is made while jobs are stopped $or)2.532 F 2.533(,i)-.4 -G 2.533(ft)-2.533 G(he)-2.533 E F1(checkjobs)2.533 E F0 .033 -(shell option has been enabled)2.533 F 2.02(using the)108 242.4 R F1 -(shopt)4.52 E F0 -.2(bu)4.52 G 2.02 -(iltin, running$, the shell prints a w).2 F 2.019 -(arning message, and, if the)-.1 F F1(checkjobs)4.519 E F0 2.019 -(option is)4.519 F .458(enabled, lists the jobs and their statuses.)108 -254.4 R(The)5.458 E F1(jobs)2.958 E F0 .459 -(command may then be used to inspect their status.)2.958 F .459(If a) -5.459 F .604(second attempt to e)108 266.4 R .604 +.63 E(')-.63 E F0(.)A .13(The shell learns immediately whene)108 177.6 R +-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.63(raj).15 G .13(ob changes state.)-2.63 F(Normally) +5.131 E(,)-.65 E F1(bash)2.631 E F0 -.1(wa)2.631 G .131 +(its until it is about to print a).1 F .158 +(prompt before reporting changes in a job')108 189.6 R 2.658(ss)-.55 G +.158(tatus so as to not interrupt an)-2.658 F 2.657(yo)-.15 G .157 +(ther output.)-2.657 F .157(If the)5.157 F F12.657 E F0 .157 +(option to)2.657 F(the)108 201.6 Q F1(set)3.951 E F0 -.2(bu)3.951 G +1.451(iltin command is enabled,).2 F F1(bash)3.951 E F0 1.452 +(reports such changes immediately)3.951 F 6.452(.A)-.65 G 1.752 -.15 +(ny t)-6.452 H 1.452(rap on).15 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGCHLD)3.952 E +F0(is)3.702 E -.15(exe)108 213.6 S(cuted for each child that e).15 E +(xits.)-.15 E .033(If an attempt to e)108 230.4 R(xit)-.15 E F1(bash) +2.533 E F0 .033(is made while jobs are stopped $or)2.533 F 2.532(,i)-.4 +G 2.532(ft)-2.532 G(he)-2.532 E F1(checkjobs)2.532 E F0 .032 +(shell option has been enabled)2.532 F 2.019(using the)108 242.4 R F1 +(shopt)4.519 E F0 -.2(bu)4.519 G 2.019 +(iltin, running$, the shell prints a w).2 F 2.02 +(arning message, and, if the)-.1 F F1(checkjobs)4.52 E F0 2.02 +(option is)4.52 F .459(enabled, lists the jobs and their statuses.)108 +254.4 R(The)5.459 E F1(jobs)2.959 E F0 .458 +(command may then be used to inspect their status.)2.958 F .458(If a) +5.458 F .603(second attempt to e)108 266.4 R .604 (xit is made without an interv)-.15 F .604 (ening command, the shell does not print another w)-.15 F(arning,)-.1 E (and an)108 278.4 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G(topped jobs are terminated.)-2.5 E/F3 -10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(PR)72 295.2 Q(OMPTING)-.329 E F0 .644(When e)108 -307.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .644(cuting interacti).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 -E(,)-.65 E F1(bash)3.144 E F0 .645(displays the primary prompt)3.145 F -F2(PS1)3.145 E F0 .645(when it is ready to read a command,)2.895 F 1.826 -(and the secondary prompt)108 319.2 R F2(PS2)4.326 E F0 1.825 -(when it needs more input to complete a command.)4.076 F F1(Bash)6.825 E -F0(allo)4.325 E 1.825(ws these)-.25 F 1.499(prompt strings to be custom\ +10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(PR)72 295.2 Q(OMPTING)-.329 E F0 .645(When e)108 +307.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .645(cuting interacti).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 +E(,)-.65 E F1(bash)3.145 E F0 .645(displays the primary prompt)3.145 F +F2(PS1)3.145 E F0 .645(when it is ready to read a command,)2.895 F 1.825 +(and the secondary prompt)108 319.2 R F2(PS2)4.325 E F0 1.825 +(when it needs more input to complete a command.)4.075 F F1(Bash)6.826 E +F0(allo)4.326 E 1.826(ws these)-.25 F 1.499(prompt strings to be custom\ ized by inserting a number of backslash-escaped special characters that\ are)108 331.2 R(decoded as follo)108 343.2 Q(ws:)-.25 E F1(\\a)144 355.2 Q F0(an ASCII bell character $07$)28.22 E F1(\\d)144 367.2 Q F0 (the date in "W)27.66 E(eekday Month Date" format $e.g., "T)-.8 E (ue May 26"$)-.45 E F1(\\D{)144 379.2 Q/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(format) -A F1(})A F0(the)180 391.2 Q F4(format)3.927 E F0 1.427(is passed to) -3.927 F F4(strftime)3.927 E F0 1.427 +A F1(})A F0(the)180 391.2 Q F4(format)3.926 E F0 1.426(is passed to) +3.926 F F4(strftime)3.926 E F0 1.427 ($3$ and the result is inserted into the prompt string; an)B(empty)180 403.2 Q F4(format)2.5 E F0 (results in a locale-speci\214c time representation.)2.5 E @@ -4414,9 +4431,9 @@ A F1(})A F0(the)180 391.2 Q F4(format)3.927 E F0 1.427(is passed to) 571.2 Q F0(the v)28.22 E(ersion of)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0 ($e.g., 2.00$)2.5 E F1(\\V)144 583.2 Q F0(the release of)26 E F1(bash) 2.5 E F0 2.5(,v)C(ersion + patch le)-2.65 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l$).15 G -(e.g., 2.00.0$)-2.5 E F1(\\w)144 595.2 Q F0 .115(the current w)26 F -.115(orking directory)-.1 F 2.615(,w)-.65 G(ith)-2.615 E F2($HOME)2.615 -E F0(abbre)2.365 E .116(viated with a tilde $uses the v)-.25 F .116 +(e.g., 2.00.0$)-2.5 E F1(\\w)144 595.2 Q F0 .116(the current w)26 F +.116(orking directory)-.1 F 2.616(,w)-.65 G(ith)-2.616 E F2($HOME)2.616 +E F0(abbre)2.366 E .115(viated with a tilde $uses the v)-.25 F .115 (alue of the)-.25 F F2(PR)180 607.2 Q(OMPT_DIR)-.27 E(TRIM)-.36 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G(riable$).25 E F1(\\W)144 619.2 Q F0 (the basename of the current w)23.22 E(orking directory)-.1 E 2.5(,w) @@ -4431,83 +4448,84 @@ F1(\\#)144 643.2 Q F0(the command number of this command)28.22 E F1(\\$) F0(be)29.89 E 1.257(gin a sequence of non-printing characters, which co\ uld be used to embed a terminal)-.15 F(control sequence into the prompt) 180 703.2 Q F1(\\])144 715.2 Q F0 -(end a sequence of non-printing characters)29.89 E(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q -(2013 March 4)146.79 E(35)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +(end a sequence of non-printing characters)29.89 E(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q +(2013 September 2)138.455 E(35)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 36 36 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH$1$ B).35 F(ASH$1$) --.35 E .119(The command number and the history number are usually dif) -108 84 R .12(ferent: the history number of a command is its)-.25 F 1.585 -(position in the history list, which may include commands restored from\ - the history \214le $see)108 96 R/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)4.084 E(OR) +-.35 E .12(The command number and the history number are usually dif)108 +84 R .119(ferent: the history number of a command is its)-.25 F 1.585(p\ +osition in the history list, which may include commands restored from t\ +he history \214le \(see)108 96 R/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)4.085 E(OR) -.162 E(Y)-.315 E F0(belo)108 108 Q .541(w$, while the command number \ -is the position in the sequence of commands e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .541 +is the position in the sequence of commands e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .54 (cuted during the cur).15 F(-)-.2 E .546(rent shell session.)108 120 R .546(After the string is decoded, it is e)5.546 F .546 (xpanded via parameter e)-.15 F .546(xpansion, command substitu-)-.15 F -.351(tion, arithmetic e)108 132 R .352(xpansion, and quote remo)-.15 F +.352(tion, arithmetic e)108 132 R .352(xpansion, and quote remo)-.15 F -.25(va)-.15 G .352(l, subject to the v).25 F .352(alue of the)-.25 F/F2 -10/Times-Bold@0 SF(pr)2.852 E(omptv)-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 .352 +10/Times-Bold@0 SF(pr)2.852 E(omptv)-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 .351 (shell option $see the)2.852 F(description of the)108 144 Q F2(shopt) 2.5 E F0(command under)2.5 E F1(SHELL B)2.5 E(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS) -.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w$.)-.25 E/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(READLINE)72 -160.8 Q F0 .151 +160.8 Q F0 .15 (This is the library that handles reading input when using an interacti) -108 172.8 R .45 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .15(hell, unless the).15 F F2 -(\255\255noediting)2.65 E F0(option)2.65 E 1.208(is gi)108 184.8 R -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 3.708(na).15 G 3.708(ts)-3.708 G 1.208(hell in)-3.708 F -.2 -(vo)-.4 G 3.708(cation. Line).2 F 1.208 -(editing is also used when using the)3.708 F F23.709 E F0 1.209 -(option to the)3.709 F F2 -.18(re)3.709 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.709 G -3.709(iltin. By).2 F(def)108 196.8 Q .851 +108 172.8 R .451 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .151(hell, unless the).15 F F2 +(\255\255noediting)2.651 E F0(option)2.651 E 1.209(is gi)108 184.8 R +-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.709(na).15 G 3.709(ts)-3.709 G 1.209(hell in)-3.709 F +-.2(vo)-.4 G 3.709(cation. Line).2 F 1.208 +(editing is also used when using the)3.709 F F23.708 E F0 1.208 +(option to the)3.708 F F2 -.18(re)3.708 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.708 G +3.708(iltin. By).2 F(def)108 196.8 Q .851 (ault, the line editing commands are similar to those of Emacs.)-.1 F -3.351(Av)5.851 G .851(i-style line editing interf)-3.351 F .851 +3.351(Av)5.851 G .851(i-style line editing interf)-3.351 F .852 (ace is also)-.1 F -.2(av)108 208.8 S 3.35(ailable. Line)-.05 F .85 (editing can be enabled at an)3.35 F 3.35(yt)-.15 G .85(ime using the) -3.35 F F2 .85(\255o emacs)3.35 F F0(or)3.35 E F2 .85(\255o vi)3.35 F F0 .85(options to the)3.35 F F2(set)3.35 E F0 -.2(bu)3.35 G(iltin).2 E -($see)108 220.8 Q F1 .763(SHELL B)3.263 F(UIL)-.09 E .763(TIN COMMANDS) --.828 F F0(belo)3.013 E 3.263(w$. T)-.25 F 3.263(ot)-.8 G .763(urn of) +($see)108 220.8 Q F1 .762(SHELL B)3.262 F(UIL)-.09 E .762(TIN COMMANDS) +-.828 F F0(belo)3.012 E 3.262(w$. T)-.25 F 3.263(ot)-.8 G .763(urn of) -3.263 F 3.263(fl)-.25 G .763 -(ine editing after the shell is running, use the)-3.263 F F2(+o)3.262 E +(ine editing after the shell is running, use the)-3.263 F F2(+o)3.263 E (emacs)108 232.8 Q F0(or)2.5 E F2(+o vi)2.5 E F0(options to the)2.5 E F2 (set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F2(Readline Notation)87 249.6 Q F0 .463(In this section, the Emacs-style notation is used to denote k) 108 261.6 R -.15(ey)-.1 G(strok).15 E 2.963(es. Control)-.1 F -.1(ke) 2.963 G .463(ys are denoted by C\255)-.05 F/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.1 -(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0(,)A 1.153(e.g., C\255n means Control\255N.)108 273.6 R -(Similarly)6.153 E(,)-.65 E F4(meta)4.033 E F0 -.1(ke)3.913 G 1.153 -(ys are denoted by M\255)-.05 F F4 -.1(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0 3.652(,s)C 3.652 -(oM)-3.652 G 1.152(\255x means Meta\255X.)-3.652 F($On)6.152 E -.1(ke) -108 285.6 S .83(yboards without a)-.05 F F4(meta)3.71 E F0 -.1(ke)3.59 G -2.13 -.65(y, M)-.05 H.65 E F4(x)A F0 .83(means ESC)3.33 F F4(x)3.33 -E F0 3.33(,i)C .831(.e., press the Escape k)-3.33 F 1.131 -.15(ey t)-.1 -H .831(hen the).15 F F4(x)4.101 E F0 -.1(ke)3.861 G 4.631 -.65(y. T)-.05 -H .831(his mak).65 F(es)-.1 E .6(ESC the)108 297.6 R F4 .6(meta pr)3.1 F -(e\214x)-.37 E F0 5.6(.T)C .6(he combination M\255C\255)-5.6 F F4(x)A F0 -.599(means ESC\255Control\255)3.099 F F4(x)A F0 3.099(,o)C 3.099(rp) --3.099 G .599(ress the Escape k)-3.099 F .899 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .599 -(hen hold).15 F(the Control k)108 309.6 Q .3 -.15(ey w)-.1 H -(hile pressing the).15 E F4(x)3.27 E F0 -.1(ke)3.03 G -.65(y.)-.05 G($) -.65 E .619(Readline commands may be gi)108 326.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.119 -(nn).15 G(umeric)-3.119 E F4(ar)3.119 E(guments)-.37 E F0 3.119(,w).27 G -.619(hich normally act as a repeat count.)-3.119 F(Sometimes,)5.62 E(ho) -108 338.4 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.419 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.119(ti).4 G -3.119(st)-3.119 G .619(he sign of the ar)-3.119 F .619 +(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0(,)A 1.152(e.g., C\255n means Control\255N.)108 273.6 R +(Similarly)6.152 E(,)-.65 E F4(meta)4.032 E F0 -.1(ke)3.913 G 1.153 +(ys are denoted by M\255)-.05 F F4 -.1(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0 3.653(,s)C 3.653 +(oM)-3.653 G 1.153(\255x means Meta\255X.)-3.653 F($On)6.153 E -.1(ke) +108 285.6 S .831(yboards without a)-.05 F F4(meta)3.711 E F0 -.1(ke) +3.591 G 2.131 -.65(y, M)-.05 H.65 E F4(x)A F0 .831(means ESC)3.331 F +F4(x)3.331 E F0 3.331(,i)C .83(.e., press the Escape k)-3.331 F 1.13 +-.15(ey t)-.1 H .83(hen the).15 F F4(x)4.1 E F0 -.1(ke)3.86 G 4.63 -.65 +(y. T)-.05 H .83(his mak).65 F(es)-.1 E .599(ESC the)108 297.6 R F4 .599 +(meta pr)3.099 F(e\214x)-.37 E F0 5.599(.T)C .599 +(he combination M\255C\255)-5.599 F F4(x)A F0 .599 +(means ESC\255Control\255)3.099 F F4(x)A F0 3.099(,o)C 3.099(rp)-3.099 G +.6(ress the Escape k)-3.099 F .9 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .6(hen hold).15 F +(the Control k)108 309.6 Q .3 -.15(ey w)-.1 H(hile pressing the).15 E F4 +(x)3.27 E F0 -.1(ke)3.03 G -.65(y.)-.05 G($).65 E .62 +(Readline commands may be gi)108 326.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.119(nn).15 G +(umeric)-3.119 E F4(ar)3.119 E(guments)-.37 E F0 3.119(,w).27 G .619 +(hich normally act as a repeat count.)-3.119 F(Sometimes,)5.619 E(ho)108 +338.4 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.418 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.118(ti).4 G +3.119(st)-3.118 G .619(he sign of the ar)-3.119 F .619 (gument that is signi\214cant.)-.18 F -.15(Pa)5.619 G .619(ssing a ne) .15 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .919 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G .619 -(ument to a command that).18 F 1.018(acts in the forw)108 350.4 R 1.018 +(ument to a command that).18 F 1.019(acts in the forw)108 350.4 R 1.018 (ard direction $e.g.,)-.1 F F2(kill\255line)3.518 E F0 3.518($c)C -1.018(auses that command to act in a backw)-3.518 F 1.019 -(ard direction.)-.1 F(Com-)6.019 E(mands whose beha)108 362.4 Q +1.018(auses that command to act in a backw)-3.518 F 1.018 +(ard direction.)-.1 F(Com-)6.018 E(mands whose beha)108 362.4 Q (vior with ar)-.2 E(guments de)-.18 E(viates from this are noted belo) --.25 E -.65(w.)-.25 G .812(When a command is described as)108 379.2 R F4 +-.25 E -.65(w.)-.25 G .811(When a command is described as)108 379.2 R F4 (killing)3.311 E F0(te)3.311 E .811(xt, the te)-.15 F .811 -(xt deleted is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.311(df).15 G .811 -(or possible future retrie)-3.311 F -.25(va)-.25 G 3.311(l$).25 G F4 -(yank-)-3.311 E(ing)108 391.2 Q F0 2.529($. The)B .029(killed te)2.529 +(xt deleted is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.311(df).15 G .812 +(or possible future retrie)-3.311 F -.25(va)-.25 G 3.312(l$).25 G F4 +(yank-)-3.312 E(ing)108 391.2 Q F0 2.529($. The)B .029(killed te)2.529 F .029(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.529(di).15 G 2.529(na)-2.529 G F4 .029(kill ring)B F0 5.029(.C)C(onsecuti)-5.029 E .329 -.15(ve k)-.25 H .029(ills cause the te).15 F .029(xt to be accumulated into one unit,) @@ -4516,23 +4534,23 @@ F .029(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.529(di).15 G 2.529(na)-2.529 G F4 (xt separate the chunks of te)-.15 F .567(xt on the kill)-.15 F(ring.) 108 415.2 Q F2(Readline Initialization)87 432 Q F0 .091(Readline is cus\ tomized by putting commands in an initialization \214le $the)108 444 R -F4(inputr)2.591 E(c)-.37 E F0 2.591(\214le$. The)2.591 F .092 -(name of this \214le)2.591 F .197(is tak)108 456 R .196(en from the v) +F4(inputr)2.591 E(c)-.37 E F0 2.591(\214le\). The)2.591 F .091 +(name of this \214le)2.591 F .196(is tak)108 456 R .196(en from the v) -.1 F .196(alue of the)-.25 F F1(INPUTRC)2.696 E F0 -.25(va)2.446 G 2.696(riable. If).25 F .196(that v)2.696 F .196 (ariable is unset, the def)-.25 F .196(ault is)-.1 F F4(~/.inputr)2.696 -E(c)-.37 E F0 5.196(.W).31 G .196(hen a)-5.196 F 1.034(program which us\ +E(c)-.37 E F0 5.196(.W).31 G .197(hen a)-5.196 F 1.034(program which us\ es the readline library starts up, the initialization \214le is read, a\ -nd the k)108 468 R 1.335 -.15(ey b)-.1 H 1.035(indings and).15 F -.25 -(va)108 480 S 1.15(riables are set.).25 F 1.15(There are only a fe)6.15 -F 3.649(wb)-.25 G 1.149(asic constructs allo)-3.649 F 1.149 -(wed in the readline initialization \214le.)-.25 F(Blank)6.149 E .736 +nd the k)108 468 R 1.334 -.15(ey b)-.1 H 1.034(indings and).15 F -.25 +(va)108 480 S 1.149(riables are set.).25 F 1.149(There are only a fe) +6.149 F 3.649(wb)-.25 G 1.149(asic constructs allo)-3.649 F 1.15 +(wed in the readline initialization \214le.)-.25 F(Blank)6.15 E .737 (lines are ignored.)108 492 R .737(Lines be)5.737 F .737(ginning with a) -.15 F F2(#)3.237 E F0 .737(are comments.)3.237 F .737(Lines be)5.737 F -.737(ginning with a)-.15 F F2($)3.237 E F0 .737(indicate conditional) -3.237 F 2.5(constructs. Other)108 504 R(lines denote k)2.5 E .3 -.15 -(ey b)-.1 H(indings and v).15 E(ariable settings.)-.25 E .987(The def) -108 520.8 R .987(ault k)-.1 F -.15(ey)-.1 G .987 +.737(ginning with a)-.15 F F2($)3.237 E F0 .736(indicate conditional) +3.236 F 2.5(constructs. Other)108 504 R(lines denote k)2.5 E .3 -.15 +(ey b)-.1 H(indings and v).15 E(ariable settings.)-.25 E .986(The def) +108 520.8 R .986(ault k)-.1 F -.15(ey)-.1 G .987 (-bindings may be changed with an).15 F F4(inputr)3.497 E(c)-.37 E F0 3.487(\214le. Other)3.797 F .987(programs that use this library may) 3.487 F(add their o)108 532.8 Q(wn commands and bindings.)-.25 E -.15 @@ -4542,12 +4560,12 @@ F 3.649(wb)-.25 G 1.149(asic constructs allo)-3.649 F 1.149 -.25 G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E(into the)108 602.4 Q F4(inputr) 2.51 E(c)-.37 E F0 -.1(wo)2.81 G(uld mak).1 E 2.5(eM)-.1 G(\255C\255u e) -2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cute the readline command).15 E F4(univer)2.5 E -(sal\255ar)-.1 E(gument)-.37 E F0(.).68 E 1.26(The follo)108 619.2 R +(sal\255ar)-.1 E(gument)-.37 E F0(.).68 E 1.261(The follo)108 619.2 R 1.261(wing symbolic character names are recognized:)-.25 F F4 -.4(RU) 3.761 G(BOUT).4 E F0(,)1.27 E F4(DEL)3.761 E F0(,).53 E F4(ESC)3.761 E -F0(,).72 E F4(LFD)3.761 E F0(,).28 E F4(NEWLINE)3.761 E F0(,).73 E F4 -(RET)3.761 E F0(,)1.27 E F4(RETURN)108 631.2 Q F0(,)1.1 E F4(SPC)2.5 E -F0(,).72 E F4(SP)2.5 E -.3(AC)-.9 G(E).3 E F0 2.5(,a).73 G(nd)-2.5 E F4 +F0(,).72 E F4(LFD)3.761 E F0(,).28 E F4(NEWLINE)3.76 E F0(,).73 E F4 +(RET)3.76 E F0(,)1.27 E F4(RETURN)108 631.2 Q F0(,)1.1 E F4(SPC)2.5 E F0 +(,).72 E F4(SP)2.5 E -.3(AC)-.9 G(E).3 E F0 2.5(,a).73 G(nd)-2.5 E F4 -.5(TA)2.5 G(B).5 E F0(.).27 E .209 (In addition to command names, readline allo)108 648 R .209(ws k)-.25 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.709(st).15 G 2.709(ob)-2.709 G 2.709(eb)-2.709 G .209 @@ -4557,54 +4575,54 @@ F0(,).72 E F4(SP)2.5 E -.3(AC)-.9 G(E).3 E F0 2.5(,a).73 G(nd)-2.5 E F4 (The syntax for controlling k)108 688.8 R .666 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .366 (indings in the).15 F F4(inputr)2.876 E(c)-.37 E F0 .366 (\214le is simple.)3.176 F .366(All that is required is the name of the) -5.366 F .383(command or the te)108 700.8 R .383(xt of a macro and a k) +5.366 F .382(command or the te)108 700.8 R .383(xt of a macro and a k) -.15 F .683 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .383 (equence to which it should be bound. The name may be speci-).15 F .853 (\214ed in one of tw)108 712.8 R 3.353(ow)-.1 G .853 (ays: as a symbolic k)-3.453 F 1.153 -.15(ey n)-.1 H .853 (ame, possibly with).15 F F4(Meta\255)3.353 E F0(or)3.353 E F4(Contr) 3.353 E(ol\255)-.45 E F0(pre\214x)3.353 E .853(es, or as a k)-.15 F -.15 -(ey)-.1 G(sequence.)108 724.8 Q(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2013 March 4) -146.79 E(36)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +(ey)-.1 G(sequence.)108 724.8 Q(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2013 September 2) +138.455 E(36)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 37 37 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH$1$ B).35 F(ASH$1$) --.35 E 1.542(When using the form)108 84 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -.1(ke) -4.042 G(yname).1 E F0(:)A/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(function\255name).833 -E F0(or)4.042 E F2(macr)4.042 E(o)-.45 E F0(,)A F2 -.1(ke)4.042 G(yname) --.2 E F0 1.542(is the name of a k)4.222 F 1.841 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 1.541 +-.35 E 1.541(When using the form)108 84 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -.1(ke) +4.041 G(yname).1 E F0(:)A/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(function\255name).833 +E F0(or)4.041 E F2(macr)4.042 E(o)-.45 E F0(,)A F2 -.1(ke)4.042 G(yname) +-.2 E F0 1.542(is the name of a k)4.222 F 1.842 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 1.542 (pelled out in).15 F 2.5(English. F)108 96 R(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E (Control-u: uni)144 120 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E (Meta-Rubout: backw)144 132 Q(ard-kill-w)-.1 E(ord)-.1 E -(Control-o: "> output")144 144 Q .698(In the abo)108 160.8 R .998 -.15 +(Control-o: "> output")144 144 Q .699(In the abo)108 160.8 R .998 -.15 (ve ex)-.15 H(ample,).15 E F2(C\255u)3.038 E F0 .698 (is bound to the function)3.448 F F1(uni)3.198 E -.1(ve)-.1 G (rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(,)A F2(M\255DEL)3.878 E F0 .698 (is bound to the func-)3.728 F(tion)108 172.8 Q F1 -(backward\255kill\255w)2.759 E(ord)-.1 E F0 2.759(,a)C(nd)-2.759 E F2 -(C\255o)2.599 E F0 .258(is bound to run the macro e)2.939 F .258 +(backward\255kill\255w)2.758 E(ord)-.1 E F0 2.758(,a)C(nd)-2.758 E F2 +(C\255o)2.598 E F0 .258(is bound to run the macro e)2.938 F .259 (xpressed on the right hand side $that is, to)-.15 F(insert the te)108 184.8 Q(xt)-.15 E/F3 10/Courier@0 SF 6(>o)2.5 G(utput)-6 E F0 -(into the line$.)2.5 E .055(In the second form,)108 201.6 R F1("k)2.555 -E(eyseq")-.1 E F0(:)A F2(function\255name).833 E F0(or)2.555 E F2(macr) -2.555 E(o)-.45 E F0(,)A F1 -.1(ke)2.555 G(yseq).1 E F0(dif)2.556 E .056 -(fers from)-.25 F F1 -.1(ke)2.556 G(yname).1 E F0(abo)2.556 E .356 -.15 -(ve i)-.15 H 2.556(nt).15 G .056(hat strings)-2.556 F 1.284 +(into the line\).)2.5 E .056(In the second form,)108 201.6 R F1("k)2.556 +E(eyseq")-.1 E F0(:)A F2(function\255name).833 E F0(or)2.556 E F2(macr) +2.556 E(o)-.45 E F0(,)A F1 -.1(ke)2.556 G(yseq).1 E F0(dif)2.555 E .055 +(fers from)-.25 F F1 -.1(ke)2.555 G(yname).1 E F0(abo)2.555 E .355 -.15 +(ve i)-.15 H 2.555(nt).15 G .055(hat strings)-2.555 F 1.284 (denoting an entire k)108 213.6 R 1.584 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 1.284(equence m\ ay be speci\214ed by placing the sequence within double quotes.).15 F -(Some)6.284 E .385(GNU Emacs style k)108 225.6 R .685 -.15(ey e)-.1 H -.385(scapes can be used, as in the follo).15 F .385(wing e)-.25 F .386 -(xample, b)-.15 F .386(ut the symbolic character names)-.2 F +(Some)6.284 E .386(GNU Emacs style k)108 225.6 R .686 -.15(ey e)-.1 H +.385(scapes can be used, as in the follo).15 F .385(wing e)-.25 F .385 +(xample, b)-.15 F .385(ut the symbolic character names)-.2 F (are not recognized.)108 237.6 Q("\\C\255u": uni)144 261.6 Q -.15(ve) -.25 G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E ("\\C\255x\\C\255r": re\255read\255init\255\214le)144 273.6 Q -("\\e[11~": "Function K)144 285.6 Q .3 -.15(ey 1)-.25 H(").15 E .315 -(In this e)108 302.4 R(xample,)-.15 E F2(C\255u)2.655 E F0 .315(is ag) -3.065 F .315(ain bound to the function)-.05 F F1(uni)2.815 E -.1(ve)-.1 +("\\e[11~": "Function K)144 285.6 Q .3 -.15(ey 1)-.25 H(").15 E .314 +(In this e)108 302.4 R(xample,)-.15 E F2(C\255u)2.654 E F0 .314(is ag) +3.064 F .315(ain bound to the function)-.05 F F1(uni)2.815 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(.)A F2 .315(C\255x C\255r)5.155 F F0 -.314(is bound to the func-)3.544 F(tion)108 314.4 Q F1 -.18(re)2.5 G +.315(is bound to the func-)3.545 F(tion)108 314.4 Q F1 -.18(re)2.5 G .18 E(ead\255init\255\214le)-.18 E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd)-2.5 E F2 (ESC [ 1 1 ~)3.01 E F0(is bound to insert the te)3.94 E(xt)-.15 E F3 (Function Key 1)2.5 E F0(.)A @@ -4624,69 +4642,68 @@ escapes is a)108 420 Q -.25(va)-.2 G(ilable:).25 E F1(\\a)144 432 Q F0 (alue)-.25 E F2(nnn)2.5 E F0($one to three digits$)2.5 E F1(\\x)144 540 Q F2(HH)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)13.78 E(alue is the he) -.25 E(xadecimal v)-.15 E(alue)-.25 E F2(HH)2.5 E F0($one or tw)2.5 E -2.5(oh)-.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits$).15 E 1.141 +2.5(oh)-.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E 1.142 (When entering the te)108 556.8 R 1.141(xt of a macro, single or double\ - quotes must be used to indicate a macro de\214nition.)-.15 F .09 -(Unquoted te)108 568.8 R .09(xt is assumed to be a function name.)-.15 F -.089(In the macro body)5.089 F 2.589(,t)-.65 G .089 -(he backslash escapes described abo)-2.589 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(are e)108 + quotes must be used to indicate a macro de\214nition.)-.15 F .089 +(Unquoted te)108 568.8 R .089(xt is assumed to be a function name.)-.15 +F .09(In the macro body)5.089 F 2.59(,t)-.65 G .09 +(he backslash escapes described abo)-2.59 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(are e)108 580.8 Q 2.5(xpanded. Backslash)-.15 F(will quote an)2.5 E 2.5(yo)-.15 G (ther character in the macro te)-2.5 E(xt, including " and \010.)-.15 E -F1(Bash)108 597.6 Q F0(allo)2.929 E .429(ws the current readline k)-.25 -F .729 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .429 -(indings to be displayed or modi\214ed with the).15 F F1(bind)2.93 E F0 --.2(bu)2.93 G .43(iltin command.).2 F .046 -(The editing mode may be switched during interacti)108 609.6 R .346 -.15 -(ve u)-.25 H .046(se by using the).15 F F12.545 E F0 .045 -(option to the)2.545 F F1(set)2.545 E F0 -.2(bu)2.545 G .045 +F1(Bash)108 597.6 Q F0(allo)2.93 E .43(ws the current readline k)-.25 F +.73 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .429(indings to be displayed or modi\214ed with the) +.15 F F1(bind)2.929 E F0 -.2(bu)2.929 G .429(iltin command.).2 F .045 +(The editing mode may be switched during interacti)108 609.6 R .345 -.15 +(ve u)-.25 H .046(se by using the).15 F F12.546 E F0 .046 +(option to the)2.546 F F1(set)2.546 E F0 -.2(bu)2.546 G .046 (iltin command).2 F($see)108 621.6 Q/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)2.5 E (UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w$.)-.25 E F1 -(Readline V)87 638.4 Q(ariables)-.92 E F0 .043(Readline has v)108 650.4 +(Readline V)87 638.4 Q(ariables)-.92 E F0 .044(Readline has v)108 650.4 R .043(ariables that can be used to further customize its beha)-.25 F (vior)-.2 E 5.043(.A)-.55 G -.25(va)-2.5 G .043 -(riable may be set in the).25 F F2(inpu-)2.554 E(tr)108 662.4 Q(c)-.37 E +(riable may be set in the).25 F F2(inpu-)2.553 E(tr)108 662.4 Q(c)-.37 E F0(\214le with a statement of the form)2.81 E F1(set)144 679.2 Q F2 (variable\255name value)2.5 E F0 .79(Except where noted, readline v)108 696 R .79(ariables can tak)-.25 F 3.29(et)-.1 G .79(he v)-3.29 F(alues) -.25 E F1(On)3.29 E F0(or)3.29 E F1(Off)3.29 E F0 .79($without re)3.29 -F -.05(ga)-.15 G .79(rd to case$.).05 F(Unrecog-)5.79 E .448(nized v) +F -.05(ga)-.15 G .79(rd to case\).).05 F(Unrecog-)5.79 E .449(nized v) 108 708 R .448(ariable names are ignored.)-.25 F .448(When a v)5.448 F -.448(ariable v)-.25 F .448(alue is read, empty or null v)-.25 F .449 -(alues, "on" $case-insensi-)-.25 F(ti)108 720 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .468 +.448(ariable v)-.25 F .448(alue is read, empty or null v)-.25 F .448 +(alues, "on" \(case-insensi-)-.25 F(ti)108 720 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .467 ($, and "1" are equi).15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .468(lent to).25 F F1(On) 2.968 E F0 5.468(.A)C .468(ll other v)-5.468 F .468(alues are equi)-.25 -F -.25(va)-.25 G .468(lent to).25 F F1(Off)2.968 E F0 5.468(.T)C .467 -(he v)-5.468 F .467(ariables and their def)-.25 F(ault)-.1 E -(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2013 March 4)146.79 E(37)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +F -.25(va)-.25 G .468(lent to).25 F F1(Off)2.968 E F0 5.468(.T)C .468 +(he v)-5.468 F .468(ariables and their def)-.25 F(ault)-.1 E +(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2013 September 2)138.455 E(37)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 38 38 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH$1$ B).35 F(ASH$1$) -.35 E -.25(va)108 84 S(lues are:).25 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -(bell\255style $audible$)108 100.8 Q F0 .01 +(bell\255style $audible$)108 100.8 Q F0 .011 (Controls what happens when readline w)144 112.8 R .011 -(ants to ring the terminal bell.)-.1 F .011(If set to)5.011 F F1(none) -2.511 E F0 2.511(,r)C .011(eadline ne)-2.511 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E -.94(rings the bell.)144 124.8 R .94(If set to)5.94 F F1(visible)3.44 E -F0 3.44(,r)C .94(eadline uses a visible bell if one is a)-3.44 F -.25 -(va)-.2 G 3.44(ilable. 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This).15 F(com-)3.384 E(mand is bound to)144 244.8 Q F1 (M\255#)2.5 E F0(in emacs mode and to)2.5 E F1(#)2.5 E F0 (in vi command mode.)2.5 E F1(completion\255ignor)108 256.8 Q (e\255case $Off$)-.18 E F0(If set to)144 268.8 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5 @@ -4694,48 +4711,48 @@ E F1(LS_COLORS)2.5 E F0(en)2.5 E(vironment v)-.4 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1 insensiti)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve f)-.25 H(ashion.).05 E F1(completion\255pr) 108 280.8 Q(e\214x\255display\255length $0$)-.18 E F0 .829(The length\ in characters of the common pre\214x of a list of possible completions\ - that is displayed)144 292.8 R 1.274(without modi\214cation.)144 304.8 R -1.274(When set to a v)6.274 F 1.274 -(alue greater than zero, common pre\214x)-.25 F 1.275 + that is displayed)144 292.8 R 1.275(without modi\214cation.)144 304.8 R +1.275(When set to a v)6.275 F 1.274 +(alue greater than zero, common pre\214x)-.25 F 1.274 (es longer than this)-.15 F -.25(va)144 316.8 S(lue are replaced with a\ n ellipsis when displaying possible completions.).25 E F1 -(completion\255query\255items $100$)108 328.8 Q F0 .53 -(This determines when the user is queried about vie)144 340.8 R .529 -(wing the number of possible completions gen-)-.25 F .56(erated by the) -144 352.8 R F1(possible\255completions)3.06 E F0 3.06(command. It)3.06 F -.561(may be set to an)3.061 F 3.061(yi)-.15 G(nte)-3.061 E .561(ger v) --.15 F .561(alue greater than or)-.25 F .783(equal to zero.)144 364.8 R -.783(If the number of possible completions is greater than or equal to \ -the v)5.783 F .782(alue of this)-.25 F -.25(va)144 376.8 S .237 +(completion\255query\255items $100$)108 328.8 Q F0 .529 +(This determines when the user is queried about vie)144 340.8 R .53 +(wing the number of possible completions gen-)-.25 F .561(erated by the) +144 352.8 R F1(possible\255completions)3.061 E F0 3.061(command. It) +3.061 F .561(may be set to an)3.061 F 3.06(yi)-.15 G(nte)-3.06 E .56 +(ger v)-.15 F .56(alue greater than or)-.25 F .782(equal to zero.)144 +364.8 R .783(If the number of possible completions is greater than or e\ +qual to the v)5.782 F .783(alue of this)-.25 F -.25(va)144 376.8 S .237 (riable, the user is ask).25 F .237(ed whether or not he wishes to vie) -.1 F 2.737(wt)-.25 G .237(hem; otherwise the)-2.737 F 2.737(ya)-.15 G .237(re simply listed)-2.737 F(on the terminal.)144 388.8 Q F1(con)108 -400.8 Q -.1(ve)-.4 G(rt\255meta $On$).1 E F0 .613(If set to)144 412.8 -R F1(On)3.113 E F0 3.113(,r)C .613(eadline will con)-3.113 F -.15(ve)-.4 -G .613(rt characters with the eighth bit set to an ASCII k).15 F .912 --.15(ey s)-.1 H .612(equence by).15 F .541 +400.8 Q -.1(ve)-.4 G(rt\255meta $On$).1 E F0 .612(If set to)144 412.8 +R F1(On)3.112 E F0 3.112(,r)C .613(eadline will con)-3.112 F -.15(ve)-.4 +G .613(rt characters with the eighth bit set to an ASCII k).15 F .913 +-.15(ey s)-.1 H .613(equence by).15 F .541 (stripping the eighth bit and pre\214xing an escape character $in ef) 144 424.8 R .541(fect, using escape as the)-.25 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 -SF .542(meta pr)3.042 F(e-)-.37 E<8c78>144 436.8 Q F0($.)A F1 +SF .541(meta pr)3.041 F(e-)-.37 E<8c78>144 436.8 Q F0(\).)A F1 (disable\255completion $Off$)108 448.8 Q F0 .038(If set to)144 460.8 R F1(On)2.538 E F0 2.538(,r)C .038(eadline will inhibit w)-2.538 F .038 (ord completion.)-.1 F .038 (Completion characters will be inserted into the)5.038 F(line as if the) 144 472.8 Q 2.5(yh)-.15 G(ad been mapped to)-2.5 E F1(self-insert)2.5 E -F0(.)A F1(editing\255mode $emacs$)108 484.8 Q F0 .141 +F0(.)A F1(editing\255mode $emacs$)108 484.8 Q F0 .142 (Controls whether readline be)144 496.8 R .141(gins with a set of k)-.15 -F .441 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .141(indings similar to).15 F F2(Emacs)2.642 E F0 -(or)2.642 E F2(vi)2.642 E F0(.)A F1(editing\255mode)5.142 E F0 +F .441 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .141(indings similar to).15 F F2(Emacs)2.641 E F0 +(or)2.641 E F2(vi)2.641 E F0(.)A F1(editing\255mode)5.141 E F0 (can be set to either)144 508.8 Q F1(emacs)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1(vi)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(echo\255contr)108 520.8 Q(ol\255characters $On$)-.18 E F0 -1.211(When set to)144 532.8 R F1(On)3.711 E F0 3.711(,o)C 3.711(no) --3.711 G 1.211(perating systems that indicate the)-3.711 F 3.711(ys)-.15 -G 1.21(upport it, readline echoes a character)-3.711 F +1.21(When set to)144 532.8 R F1(On)3.71 E F0 3.71(,o)C 3.71(no)-3.71 G +1.211(perating systems that indicate the)-3.71 F 3.711(ys)-.15 G 1.211 +(upport it, readline echoes a character)-3.711 F (corresponding to a signal generated from the k)144 544.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 -G(board.).15 E F1(enable\255k)108 556.8 Q(eypad $Off$)-.1 E F0 .892 +G(board.).15 E F1(enable\255k)108 556.8 Q(eypad $Off$)-.1 E F0 .893 (When set to)144 568.8 R F1(On)3.393 E F0 3.393(,r)C .893 (eadline will try to enable the application k)-3.393 F -.15(ey)-.1 G -.893(pad when it is called.).15 F .893(Some sys-)5.893 F +.893(pad when it is called.).15 F .892(Some sys-)5.893 F (tems need this to enable the arro)144 580.8 Q 2.5(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey) -2.6 G(s.).15 E F1(enable\255meta\255k)108 592.8 Q(ey $On$)-.1 E F0 .64(When set to)144 604.8 R F1(On)3.14 E F0 3.14(,r)C .64 @@ -4748,77 +4765,77 @@ G(board.).15 E F1(enable\255k)108 556.8 Q(eypad $Off$)-.1 E F0 .892 E F0 2.5(,t)C(ilde e)-2.5 E (xpansion is performed when readline attempts w)-.15 E(ord completion.) -.1 E F1(history\255pr)108 652.8 Q(eser)-.18 E -.1(ve)-.1 G -(\255point $Off$).1 E F0 1.338(If set to)144 664.8 R F1(On)3.838 E F0 -3.838(,t)C 1.338(he history code attempts to place point at the same lo\ -cation on each history line)-3.838 F(retrie)144 676.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G +(\255point $Off$).1 E F0 1.339(If set to)144 664.8 R F1(On)3.839 E F0 +3.839(,t)C 1.338(he history code attempts to place point at the same lo\ +cation on each history line)-3.839 F(retrie)144 676.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(dw).15 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(pr)2.5 E -.15(ev)-.18 G(ious-history).15 E F0 (or)2.5 E F1(next-history)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(history\255size $0$)108 -688.8 Q F0 .949(Set the maximum number of history entries sa)144 700.8 R +688.8 Q F0 .948(Set the maximum number of history entries sa)144 700.8 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.448(di).15 G 3.448(nt)-3.448 G .948(he history list.) --3.448 F .948(If set to zero, an)5.948 F 3.448(ye)-.15 G(xisting)-3.598 -E .482(history entries are deleted and no ne)144 712.8 R 2.982(we)-.25 G -.483(ntries are sa)-2.982 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.983(d. If).15 F .483 -(set to a v)2.983 F .483(alue less than zero, the num-)-.25 F +-3.448 F .949(If set to zero, an)5.948 F 3.449(ye)-.15 G(xisting)-3.599 +E .483(history entries are deleted and no ne)144 712.8 R 2.983(we)-.25 G +.483(ntries are sa)-2.983 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.983(d. If).15 F .482 +(set to a v)2.983 F .482(alue less than zero, the num-)-.25 F (ber of history entries is not limited.)144 724.8 Q(By def)5 E -(ault, the number of history entries is not limited.)-.1 E(GNU Bash 4.2) -72 768 Q(2013 March 4)146.79 E(38)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +(ault, the number of history entries is not limited.)-.1 E(GNU Bash 4.3) +72 768 Q(2013 September 2)138.455 E(38)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 39 39 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH$1$ B).35 F(ASH$1$) -.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(horizontal\255scr)108 84 Q -(oll\255mode $Off$)-.18 E F0 .449(When set to)144 96 R F1(On)2.949 E -F0 2.949(,m)C(ak)-2.949 E .448 -(es readline use a single line for display)-.1 F 2.948(,s)-.65 G .448 +(oll\255mode $Off$)-.18 E F0 .448(When set to)144 96 R F1(On)2.948 E +F0 2.948(,m)C(ak)-2.948 E .448 +(es readline use a single line for display)-.1 F 2.948(,s)-.65 G .449 (crolling the input horizontally on a)-2.948 F 1.194(single screen line\ when it becomes longer than the screen width rather than wrapping to a\ ne)144 108 R(w)-.25 E(line.)144 120 Q F1(input\255meta $Off$)108 132 -Q F0 .228(If set to)144 144 R F1(On)2.728 E F0 2.728(,r)C .227(eadline \ +Q F0 .227(If set to)144 144 R F1(On)2.727 E F0 2.727(,r)C .228(eadline \ will enable eight-bit input $that is, it will not strip the high bit f\ -rom the char)-2.728 F(-)-.2 E .956(acters it reads$, re)144 156 R -.05 +rom the char)-2.727 F(-)-.2 E .957(acters it reads\), re)144 156 R -.05 (ga)-.15 G .956(rdless of what the terminal claims it can support.).05 F -.957(The name)5.956 F F1(meta\255\215ag)3.457 E F0 .957(is a)3.457 F +.956(The name)5.956 F F1(meta\255\215ag)3.456 E F0 .956(is a)3.456 F (synon)144 168 Q(ym for this v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(isear)108 180 Q (ch\255terminators $`)-.18 E(`C\255[C\255J')-.63 E('$)-.63 E F0 .439(\ The string of characters that should terminate an incremental search wi\ -thout subsequently e)144 192 R -.15(xe)-.15 G(cut-).15 E .934 +thout subsequently e)144 192 R -.15(xe)-.15 G(cut-).15 E .935 (ing the character as a command.)144 204 R .935(If this v)5.935 F .935 -(ariable has not been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.435(nav).15 G .935 -(alue, the characters)-3.685 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ESC)3.435 E F0 +(ariable has not been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.434(nav).15 G .934 +(alue, the characters)-3.684 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ESC)3.434 E F0 (and)144 216 Q F2(C\255J)2.5 E F0(will terminate an incremental search.) -2.5 E F1 -.1(ke)108 228 S(ymap $emacs$).1 E F0 2.021 +2.5 E F1 -.1(ke)108 228 S(ymap $emacs$).1 E F0 2.02 (Set the current readline k)144 240 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 4.521(map. The).15 F 2.021(set of v)4.521 F 2.021(alid k)-.25 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.021 -(map names is).15 F F2 2.02(emacs, emacs\255standar)4.52 F(d,)-.37 E -.068(emacs\255meta, emacs\255ctlx, vi, vi\255command)144 252 R F0 2.568 +(map names is).15 F F2 2.021(emacs, emacs\255standar)4.521 F(d,)-.37 E +.069(emacs\255meta, emacs\255ctlx, vi, vi\255command)144 252 R F0 2.568 (,a)C(nd)-2.568 E F2(vi\255insert)2.568 E F0(.).68 E F2(vi)5.068 E F0 .068(is equi)2.568 F -.25(va)-.25 G .068(lent to).25 F F2(vi\255command) -2.569 E F0(;)A F2(emacs)2.569 E F0 1.544(is equi)144 264 R -.25(va)-.25 -G 1.544(lent to).25 F F2(emacs\255standar)4.044 E(d)-.37 E F0 6.544(.T)C +2.568 E F0(;)A F2(emacs)2.568 E F0 1.543(is equi)144 264 R -.25(va)-.25 +G 1.543(lent to).25 F F2(emacs\255standar)4.044 E(d)-.37 E F0 6.544(.T)C 1.544(he def)-6.544 F 1.544(ault v)-.1 F 1.544(alue is)-.25 F F2(emacs) 4.044 E F0 4.044(;t).27 G 1.544(he v)-4.044 F 1.544(alue of)-.25 F F1 -(editing\255mode)4.043 E F0(also)4.043 E(af)144 276 Q(fects the def)-.25 +(editing\255mode)4.044 E F0(also)4.044 E(af)144 276 Q(fects the def)-.25 E(ault k)-.1 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(map.).15 E F1 -.1(ke)108 288 S -(yseq\255timeout $500$).1 E F0 .367(Speci\214es the duration)144 300 R +(yseq\255timeout $500$).1 E F0 .368(Speci\214es the duration)144 300 R F2 -.37(re)2.867 G(adline).37 E F0 .367(will w)2.867 F .367 -(ait for a character when reading an ambiguous k)-.1 F .668 -.15(ey s) +(ait for a character when reading an ambiguous k)-.1 F .667 -.15(ey s) -.1 H(equence).15 E 1.356($one that can form a complete k)144 312 R 1.656 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 1.356(equence using the input read so f).15 F(ar) --.1 E 3.856(,o)-.4 G 3.856(rc)-3.856 G 1.355(an tak)-3.856 F 3.855(ea) --.1 G(dditional)-3.855 E .32(input to complete a longer k)144 324 R .62 +-.1 E 3.856(,o)-.4 G 3.856(rc)-3.856 G 1.356(an tak)-3.856 F 3.856(ea) +-.1 G(dditional)-3.856 E .32(input to complete a longer k)144 324 R .62 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 2.82(equence$. If).15 F .32(no input is recei)2.82 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.82(dw).15 G .32(ithin the timeout,)-2.82 F F2 -.37(re) -2.82 G(adline).37 E F0(will)2.82 E .907(use the shorter b)144 336 R .907 +2.82 G(adline).37 E F0(will)2.82 E .906(use the shorter b)144 336 R .907 (ut complete k)-.2 F 1.207 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 3.407(equence. The).15 F -.25 -(va)3.407 G .907(lue is speci\214ed in milliseconds, so a v).25 F .906 +(va)3.407 G .907(lue is speci\214ed in milliseconds, so a v).25 F .907 (alue of)-.25 F .05(1000 means that)144 348 R F2 -.37(re)2.55 G(adline) .37 E F0 .05(will w)2.55 F .05(ait one second for additional input.)-.1 F .05(If this v)5.05 F .05(ariable is set to a v)-.25 F(alue)-.25 E .051 (less than or equal to zero, or to a non-numeric v)144 360 R(alue,)-.25 E F2 -.37(re)2.551 G(adline).37 E F0 .051(will w)2.551 F .051 -(ait until another k)-.1 F .351 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 2.551(sp).15 G(ressed) --2.551 E(to decide which k)144 372 Q .3 -.15(ey s)-.1 H +(ait until another k)-.1 F .352 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 2.552(sp).15 G(ressed) +-2.552 E(to decide which k)144 372 Q .3 -.15(ey s)-.1 H (equence to complete.).15 E F1(mark\255dir)108 384 Q(ectories $On$) -.18 E F0(If set to)144 396 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,c)C (ompleted directory names ha)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a s)-.2 H(lash appended.) @@ -4831,98 +4848,98 @@ E F2 -.37(re)2.551 G(adline).37 E F0 .051(will w)2.551 F .051 (ompleted names which are symbolic links to directories ha)-2.675 F .475 -.15(ve a s)-.2 H .175(lash appended $sub-).15 F(ject to the v)144 456 Q(alue of)-.25 E F1(mark\255dir)2.5 E(ectories)-.18 E F0($.)A F1 -(match\255hidden\255\214les $On$)108 468 Q F0 .193(This v)144 480 R -.193(ariable, when set to)-.25 F F1(On)2.693 E F0 2.693(,c)C .192 -(auses readline to match \214les whose names be)-2.693 F .192 -(gin with a `.)-.15 F 2.692('$)-.7 G(hidden)-2.692 E .456 +(match\255hidden\255\214les \(On$)108 468 Q F0 .192(This v)144 480 R +.192(ariable, when set to)-.25 F F1(On)2.692 E F0 2.692(,c)C .192 +(auses readline to match \214les whose names be)-2.692 F .193 +(gin with a `.)-.15 F 2.693('$)-.7 G(hidden)-2.693 E .457 (\214les$ when performing \214lename completion.)144 492 R .456 (If set to)5.456 F F1(Off)2.956 E F0 2.956(,t)C .456(he leading `.) --2.956 F 2.956('m)-.7 G .457(ust be supplied by the)-2.956 F +-2.956 F 2.956('m)-.7 G .456(ust be supplied by the)-2.956 F (user in the \214lename to be completed.)144 504 Q F1 (menu\255complete\255display\255pr)108 516 Q(e\214x $Off$)-.18 E F0 -1.586(If set to)144 528 R F1(On)4.086 E F0 4.086(,m)C 1.585(enu complet\ +1.585(If set to)144 528 R F1(On)4.085 E F0 4.085(,m)C 1.585(enu complet\ ion displays the common pre\214x of the list of possible completions) --4.086 F($which may be empty$ before c)144 540 Q +-4.085 F($which may be empty$ before c)144 540 Q (ycling through the list.)-.15 E F1(output\255meta $Off$)108 552 Q F0 -.506(If set to)144 564 R F1(On)3.006 E F0 3.006(,r)C .507(eadline will \ +.507(If set to)144 564 R F1(On)3.007 E F0 3.007(,r)C .507(eadline will \ display characters with the eighth bit set directly rather than as a me\ -ta-)-3.006 F(pre\214x)144 576 Q(ed escape sequence.)-.15 E F1 -(page\255completions $On$)108 588 Q F0 .809(If set to)144 600 R F1(On) +ta-)-3.007 F(pre\214x)144 576 Q(ed escape sequence.)-.15 E F1 +(page\255completions $On$)108 588 Q F0 .808(If set to)144 600 R F1(On) 3.308 E F0 3.308(,r)C .808(eadline uses an internal)-3.308 F F2(mor) 3.308 E(e)-.37 E F0(-lik)A 3.308(ep)-.1 G .808 (ager to display a screenful of possible comple-)-3.308 F (tions at a time.)144 612 Q F1 -(print\255completions\255horizontally $Off$)108 624 Q F0 1.318 -(If set to)144 636 R F1(On)3.818 E F0 3.818(,r)C 1.319(eadline will dis\ -play completions with matches sorted horizontally in alphabetical)-3.818 +(print\255completions\255horizontally $Off$)108 624 Q F0 1.319 +(If set to)144 636 R F1(On)3.819 E F0 3.819(,r)C 1.318(eadline will dis\ +play completions with matches sorted horizontally in alphabetical)-3.819 F(order)144 648 Q 2.5(,r)-.4 G(ather than do)-2.5 E(wn the screen.)-.25 E F1 -2.29 -.18(re v)108 660 T(ert\255all\255at\255newline $Off$).08 E -F0 .699(If set to)144 672 R F1(On)3.199 E F0 3.199(,r)C .699 +F0 .698(If set to)144 672 R F1(On)3.198 E F0 3.198(,r)C .699 (eadline will undo all changes to history lines before returning when) --3.199 F F1(accept\255line)3.198 E F0(is)3.198 E -.15(exe)144 684 S +-3.198 F F1(accept\255line)3.199 E F0(is)3.199 E -.15(exe)144 684 S 2.686(cuted. By).15 F(def)2.686 E .186 (ault, history lines may be modi\214ed and retain indi)-.1 F .186 (vidual undo lists across calls to)-.25 F F1 -.18(re)144 696 S(adline) -.18 E F0(.)A(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2013 March 4)146.79 E(39)195.95 E 0 -Cg EP +.18 E F0(.)A(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2013 September 2)138.455 E(39)187.615 +E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 40 40 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH$1$ B).35 F(ASH$1$) -.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(sho)108 84 Q -(w\255all\255if\255ambiguous $Off$)-.1 E F0 .304(This alters the def) -144 96 R .304(ault beha)-.1 F .304(vior of the completion functions.)-.2 -F .304(If set to)5.304 F F1(On)2.804 E F0 2.803(,w)C .303(ords which ha) --2.903 F .603 -.15(ve m)-.2 H(ore).15 E 1.264(than one possible complet\ +(w\255all\255if\255ambiguous $Off$)-.1 E F0 .303(This alters the def) +144 96 R .303(ault beha)-.1 F .304(vior of the completion functions.)-.2 +F .304(If set to)5.304 F F1(On)2.804 E F0 2.804(,w)C .304(ords which ha) +-2.904 F .604 -.15(ve m)-.2 H(ore).15 E 1.264(than one possible complet\ ion cause the matches to be listed immediately instead of ringing the) 144 108 R(bell.)144 120 Q F1(sho)108 132 Q -(w\255all\255if\255unmodi\214ed $Off$)-.1 E F0 5.346 -(This alters the def)144 144 R 5.346(ault beha)-.1 F 5.345 -(vior of the completion functions in a f)-.2 F 5.345(ashion similar to) --.1 F F1(sho)144 156 Q(w\255all\255if\255ambiguous)-.1 E F0 6.69(.I)C -4.19(fs)-6.69 G 1.691(et to)-4.19 F F1(On)4.191 E F0 4.191(,w)C 1.691 +(w\255all\255if\255unmodi\214ed $Off$)-.1 E F0 5.345 +(This alters the def)144 144 R 5.345(ault beha)-.1 F 5.345 +(vior of the completion functions in a f)-.2 F 5.346(ashion similar to) +-.1 F F1(sho)144 156 Q(w\255all\255if\255ambiguous)-.1 E F0 6.691(.I)C +4.191(fs)-6.691 G 1.691(et to)-4.191 F F1(On)4.191 E F0 4.191(,w)C 1.691 (ords which ha)-4.291 F 1.991 -.15(ve m)-.2 H 1.691 -(ore than one possible completion).15 F 1.04(without an)144 168 R 3.54 +(ore than one possible completion).15 F 1.039(without an)144 168 R 3.539 (yp)-.15 G 1.039 -(ossible partial completion $the possible completions don')-3.54 F -3.539(ts)-.18 G 1.039(hare a common pre\214x$)-3.539 F(cause the match\ -es to be listed immediately instead of ringing the bell.)144 180 Q F1 -(sho)108 192 Q(w\255mode\255in\255pr)-.1 E(ompt $Off$)-.18 E F0 1.018 -(If set to)144 204 R F1(On)3.518 E F0 3.518(,a)C 1.018 -(dd a character to the be)-3.518 F 1.018 +(ossible partial completion $the possible completions don')-3.539 F +3.539(ts)-.18 G 1.04(hare a common pre\214x$)-3.539 F(cause the matche\ +s to be listed immediately instead of ringing the bell.)144 180 Q F1 +(sho)108 192 Q(w\255mode\255in\255pr)-.1 E(ompt $Off$)-.18 E F0 1.019 +(If set to)144 204 R F1(On)3.519 E F0 3.519(,a)C 1.018 +(dd a character to the be)-3.519 F 1.018 (ginning of the prompt indicating the editing mode: emacs)-.15 F ($@$, vi command $:$ or vi insertion $+$.)144 216 Q F1 -(skip\255completed\255text $Off$)108 228 Q F0 .095(If set to)144 240 R -F1(On)2.595 E F0 2.595(,t)C .095(his alters the def)-2.595 F .095 -(ault completion beha)-.1 F .094 +(skip\255completed\255text $Off$)108 228 Q F0 .094(If set to)144 240 R +F1(On)2.594 E F0 2.594(,t)C .095(his alters the def)-2.594 F .095 +(ault completion beha)-.1 F .095 (vior when inserting a single match into the line.)-.2 F(It')144 252 Q -2.545(so)-.55 G .045(nly acti)-2.545 F .345 -.15(ve w)-.25 H .046 -(hen performing completion in the middle of a w).15 F 2.546(ord. If)-.1 -F .046(enabled, readline does not)2.546 F 1.394(insert characters from \ +2.546(so)-.55 G .046(nly acti)-2.546 F .346 -.15(ve w)-.25 H .046 +(hen performing completion in the middle of a w).15 F 2.545(ord. 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This)180 434.4 R .565(may be used in conjunction with the)3.065 F @@ -4930,13 +4947,13 @@ F1 .565(set k)3.065 F(eymap)-.1 E F0 .565(command, for instance, to) 3.065 F .735(set bindings in the)180 446.4 R F2(emacs\255standar)3.235 E (d)-.37 E F0(and)3.235 E F2(emacs\255ctlx)3.235 E F0 -.1(ke)3.235 G .735 (ymaps only if readline is starting)-.05 F(out in emacs mode.)180 458.4 -Q F1(term)144 475.2 Q F0(The)15.46 E F1(term=)3.196 E F0 .696 -(form may be used to include terminal-speci\214c k)3.196 F .996 -.15 -(ey b)-.1 H .697(indings, perhaps to bind).15 F .654(the k)180 487.2 R +Q F1(term)144 475.2 Q F0(The)15.46 E F1(term=)3.197 E F0 .696 +(form may be used to include terminal-speci\214c k)3.197 F .996 -.15 +(ey b)-.1 H .696(indings, perhaps to bind).15 F .654(the k)180 487.2 R .954 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .654(equences output by the terminal').15 F 3.154 (sf)-.55 G .654(unction k)-3.154 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 3.154(s. The).15 F -.1 -(wo)3.154 G .654(rd on the right side of).1 F(the)180 499.2 Q F1(=)3.231 -E F0 .731(is tested ag)3.231 F .732(ainst the both full name of the ter\ +(wo)3.154 G .654(rd on the right side of).1 F(the)180 499.2 Q F1(=)3.232 +E F0 .732(is tested ag)3.232 F .732(ainst the both full name of the ter\ minal and the portion of the terminal)-.05 F(name before the \214rst)180 511.2 Q F12.5 E F0 5(.T)C(his allo)-5 E(ws)-.25 E F2(sun)2.84 E F0 (to match both)2.74 E F2(sun)2.84 E F0(and)2.74 E F2(sun\255cmd)2.5 E F0 @@ -4945,12 +4962,12 @@ Q F1(application)3.003 E F0 .503 (construct is used to include application-speci\214c settings.)3.003 F .503(Each program)5.503 F .114(using the readline library sets the)180 552 R F2 .114(application name)2.614 F F0 2.614(,a)C .114 -(nd an initialization \214le can test for a)-2.614 F .501(particular v) -180 564 R 3.001(alue. 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F) 144 722.4 R(or e)-.15 E(xample, the follo)-.15 E(wing directi)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve w)-.25 H(ould read).05 E F2(/etc/inputr)2.5 E(c)-.37 E F0(:)A -(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2013 March 4)146.79 E(40)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2013 September 2)138.455 E(40)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 41 41 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH$1$ B).35 F(ASH$1$) -.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF($include)144 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -(/etc/inputr)5.833 E(c)-.37 E F1(Sear)87 100.8 Q(ching)-.18 E F0 .834 -(Readline pro)108 112.8 R .834 +(/etc/inputr)5.833 E(c)-.37 E F1(Sear)87 100.8 Q(ching)-.18 E F0 .835 +(Readline pro)108 112.8 R .835 (vides commands for searching through the command history $see)-.15 F -/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)3.335 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F0(belo)3.085 E -.835(w$ for lines)-.25 F(containing a speci\214ed string.)108 124.8 Q +/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)3.334 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F0(belo)3.084 E +.834(w\) for lines)-.25 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an)-3.153 F 3.152(yi)-.15 G(nterv)-3.152 E -(en-)-.15 E(ing characters de\214ning a ne)108 307.2 Q 2.5(ws)-.25 G +F -.15(xe)-.15 G .175(cute that command.).15 F -.15(Fo)5.175 G(r).15 E +.541(instance, a)108 266.4 R F2(ne)3.041 E(wline)-.15 E F0 .541 +(will terminate the search and accept the line, thereby e)3.041 F -.15 +(xe)-.15 G .54(cuting the command from the).15 F(history list.)108 278.4 +Q .653(Readline remembers the last incremental search string.)108 295.2 +R .653(If tw)5.653 F 3.153(oC)-.1 G .653(ontrol-Rs are typed without an) +-3.153 F 3.153(yi)-.15 G(nterv)-3.153 E(en-)-.15 E +(ing characters de\214ning a ne)108 307.2 Q 2.5(ws)-.25 G (earch string, an)-2.5 E 2.5(yr)-.15 G(emembered search string is used.) -2.5 E .567(Non-incremental searches read the entire search string befo\ re starting to search for matching history lines.)108 324 R(The search \ string may be typed by the user or be part of the contents of the curre\ -nt line.)108 336 Q F1(Readline Command Names)87 352.8 Q F0 1.392 +nt line.)108 336 Q F1(Readline Command Names)87 352.8 Q F0 1.391 (The follo)108 364.8 R 1.391 (wing is a list of the names of the commands and the def)-.25 F 1.391 (ault k)-.1 F 1.691 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 1.391(equences to which the).15 F -3.891(ya)-.15 G(re)-3.891 E 2.621(bound. Command)108 376.8 R .121 -(names without an accompan)2.621 F .121(ying k)-.15 F .421 -.15(ey s)-.1 -H .122(equence are unbound by def).15 F 2.622(ault. In)-.1 F .122 -(the follo)2.622 F(wing)-.25 E(descriptions,)108 388.8 Q F2(point)3.411 -E F0 .911(refers to the current cursor position, and)3.411 F F2(mark) -3.411 E F0 .91(refers to a cursor position sa)3.411 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.41 -(db).15 G 3.41(yt)-3.41 G(he)-3.41 E F1(set\255mark)108 400.8 Q F0 2.5 +3.892(ya)-.15 G(re)-3.892 E 2.622(bound. Command)108 376.8 R .122 +(names without an accompan)2.622 F .122(ying k)-.15 F .421 -.15(ey s)-.1 +H .121(equence are unbound by def).15 F 2.621(ault. In)-.1 F .121 +(the follo)2.621 F(wing)-.25 E(descriptions,)108 388.8 Q F2(point)3.41 E +F0 .91(refers to the current cursor position, and)3.41 F F2(mark)3.411 E +F0 .911(refers to a cursor position sa)3.411 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.411(db) +.15 G 3.411(yt)-3.411 G(he)-3.411 E F1(set\255mark)108 400.8 Q F0 2.5 (command. The)2.5 F(te)2.5 E (xt between the point and mark is referred to as the)-.15 E F2 -.37(re) 2.5 G(gion)-.03 E F0(.)A F1(Commands f)87 417.6 Q(or Mo)-.25 E(ving)-.1 @@ -5038,9 +5055,9 @@ E(beginning\255of\255line $C\255a$)108 429.6 Q F0(Mo)144 441.6 Q .3 -.15 H(orw).15 E(ard a character)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F1 (backward\255char $C\255b$)108 501.6 Q F0(Mo)144 513.6 Q .3 -.15(ve b) -.15 H(ack a character).15 E(.)-.55 E F1 -.25(fo)108 525.6 S(rward\255w) -.25 E(ord $M\255f$)-.1 E F0(Mo)144 537.6 Q .822 -.15(ve f)-.15 H(orw) -.15 E .522(ard to the end of the ne)-.1 F .523(xt w)-.15 F 3.023(ord. W) --.1 F .523(ords are composed of alphanumeric characters $let-)-.8 F +.25 E(ord \(M\255f$)-.1 E F0(Mo)144 537.6 Q .823 -.15(ve f)-.15 H(orw) +.15 E .523(ard to the end of the ne)-.1 F .523(xt w)-.15 F 3.023(ord. W) +-.1 F .522(ords are composed of alphanumeric characters $let-)-.8 F (ters and digits$.)144 549.6 Q F1(backward\255w)108 561.6 Q (ord $M\255b$)-.1 E F0(Mo)144 573.6 Q 1.71 -.15(ve b)-.15 H 1.41 (ack to the start of the current or pre).15 F 1.41(vious w)-.25 F 3.91 @@ -5050,17 +5067,17 @@ Q(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Mo)144 609.6 Q .784 -.15(ve f)-.15 H (orw).15 E .484(ard to the end of the ne)-.1 F .484(xt w)-.15 F 2.984 (ord. W)-.1 F .484(ords are delimited by non-quoted shell metacharac-) -.8 F(ters.)144 621.6 Q F1(shell\255backward\255w)108 633.6 Q(ord)-.1 E -F0(Mo)144 645.6 Q .909 -.15(ve b)-.15 H .609 +F0(Mo)144 645.6 Q .908 -.15(ve b)-.15 H .609 (ack to the start of the current or pre).15 F .609(vious w)-.25 F 3.109 -(ord. W)-.1 F .608(ords are delimited by non-quoted shell)-.8 F +(ord. W)-.1 F .609(ords are delimited by non-quoted shell)-.8 F (metacharacters.)144 657.6 Q F1(clear\255scr)108 669.6 Q(een $C\255l$) -.18 E F0 .993(Clear the screen lea)144 681.6 R .993 (ving the current line at the top of the screen.)-.2 F -.4(Wi)5.993 G .993(th an ar).4 F .993(gument, refresh the)-.18 F (current line without clearing the screen.)144 693.6 Q F1 -.18(re)108 705.6 S(draw\255curr).18 E(ent\255line)-.18 E F0 -(Refresh the current line.)144 717.6 Q(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q -(2013 March 4)146.79 E(41)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +(Refresh the current line.)144 717.6 Q(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q +(2013 September 2)138.455 E(41)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 42 42 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -5068,9 +5085,9 @@ BP /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH$1$ B).35 F(ASH$1$) -.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Commands f)87 84 Q (or Manipulating the History)-.25 E(accept\255line $Newline, Retur)108 -96 Q(n$)-.15 E F0 .159(Accept the line re)144 108 R -.05(ga)-.15 G .159 +96 Q(n\))-.15 E F0 .158(Accept the line re)144 108 R -.05(ga)-.15 G .158 (rdless of where the cursor is.).05 F .158(If this line is non-empty) -5.158 F 2.658(,a)-.65 G .158(dd it to the history list)-2.658 F .699 +5.158 F 2.659(,a)-.65 G .159(dd it to the history list)-2.659 F .699 (according to the state of the)144 120 R/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTCONTR) 3.199 E(OL)-.27 E F0 -.25(va)2.949 G 3.199(riable. If).25 F .699 (the line is a modi\214ed history line, then)3.199 F @@ -5085,102 +5102,103 @@ F0(Fetch the ne)144 180 Q(xt command from the history list, mo)-.15 E F1(end\255of\255history $M\255>$)108 216 Q F0(Mo)144 228 Q .3 -.15 (ve t)-.15 H 2.5(ot).15 G(he end of the input history)-2.5 E 2.5(,i)-.65 G(.e., the line currently being entered.)-2.5 E F1 -2.29 -.18(re v)108 -240 T(erse\255sear).08 E(ch\255history $C\255r$)-.18 E F0 1.471 +240 T(erse\255sear).08 E(ch\255history $C\255r$)-.18 E F0 1.47 (Search backw)144 252 R 1.471(ard starting at the current line and mo) --.1 F 1.47(ving `up' through the history as necessary)-.15 F(.)-.65 E +-.1 F 1.471(ving `up' through the history as necessary)-.15 F(.)-.65 E (This is an incremental search.)144 264 Q F1 -.25(fo)108 276 S -(rward\255sear).25 E(ch\255history $C\255s$)-.18 E F0 1.131 -(Search forw)144 288 R 1.131(ard starting at the current line and mo)-.1 -F 1.132(ving `do)-.15 F 1.132(wn' through the history as necessary)-.25 +(rward\255sear).25 E(ch\255history $C\255s$)-.18 E F0 1.132 +(Search forw)144 288 R 1.132(ard starting at the current line and mo)-.1 +F 1.131(ving `do)-.15 F 1.131(wn' through the history as necessary)-.25 F(.)-.65 E(This is an incremental search.)144 300 Q F1(non\255incr)108 312 Q(emental\255r)-.18 E -2.3 -.15(ev e)-.18 H(rse\255sear).15 E -(ch\255history $M\255p$)-.18 E F0 .165(Search backw)144 324 R .164(ar\ +(ch\255history $M\255p$)-.18 E F0 .164(Search backw)144 324 R .164(ar\ d through the history starting at the current line using a non-incremen\ tal search for)-.1 F 2.5(as)144 336 S(tring supplied by the user)-2.5 E (.)-.55 E F1(non\255incr)108 348 Q(emental\255f)-.18 E(orward\255sear) --.25 E(ch\255history $M\255n$)-.18 E F0 1.353(Search forw)144 360 R +-.25 E(ch\255history $M\255n$)-.18 E F0 1.354(Search forw)144 360 R 1.354(ard through the history using a non-incremental search for a stri\ ng supplied by the)-.1 F(user)144 372 Q(.)-.55 E F1(history\255sear)108 -384 Q(ch\255f)-.18 E(orward)-.25 E F0 .249(Search forw)144 396 R .249(a\ +384 Q(ch\255f)-.18 E(orward)-.25 E F0 .248(Search forw)144 396 R .249(a\ rd through the history for the string of characters between the start o\ f the current line)-.1 F(and the point.)144 408 Q (This is a non-incremental search.)5 E F1(history\255sear)108 420 Q -(ch\255backward)-.18 E F0 .95(Search backw)144 432 R .951(ard through t\ -he history for the string of characters between the start of the curren\ -t)-.1 F(line and the point.)144 444 Q(This is a non-incremental search.) -5 E F1(yank\255nth\255ar)108 456 Q 2.5(g$)-.1 G<4dad43ad7929>-2.5 E F0 -.622(Insert the \214rst ar)144 468 R .622(gument to the pre)-.18 F .622 +(ch\255backward)-.18 E F0 .951(Search backw)144 432 R .951(ard through \ +the history for the string of characters between the start of the curre\ +nt)-.1 F(line and the point.)144 444 Q +(This is a non-incremental search.)5 E F1(yank\255nth\255ar)108 456 Q +2.5(g\()-.1 G<4dad43ad7929>-2.5 E F0 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F3(n)2.781 E F0 .281 -(is computed, the ar)2.781 F .281(gument is e)-.18 F .282 +(ument inserts the).18 F F3(n)2.791 E F0 .291(th w)B .292 +(ord from the end of)-.1 F .282(the pre)144 504 R .282(vious command.) +-.25 F .282(Once the ar)5.282 F(gument)-.18 E F3(n)2.781 E F0 .281 +(is computed, the ar)2.781 F .281(gument is e)-.18 F .281 (xtracted as if the "!)-.15 F F3(n)A F0(")A(history e)144 516 Q (xpansion had been speci\214ed.)-.15 E F1(yank\255last\255ar)108 528 Q -2.5(g$)-.1 G -1.667(M\255. ,)-2.5 F -1.667(M\255_ $)2.5 F F0 1.308 -(Insert the last ar)144 540 R 1.308(gument to the pre)-.18 F 1.307 -(vious command $the last w)-.25 F 1.307(ord of the pre)-.1 F 1.307 -(vious history entry$.)-.25 F -.4(Wi)144 552 S .203(th a numeric ar).4 -F .203(gument, beha)-.18 F .504 -.15(ve ex)-.2 H .204(actly lik).15 F(e) --.1 E F1(yank\255nth\255ar)2.704 E(g)-.1 E F0 5.204(.S)C(uccessi)-5.204 -E .504 -.15(ve c)-.25 H .204(alls to).15 F F1(yank\255last\255ar)2.704 E -(g)-.1 E F0(mo)144 564 Q .807 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The)-.1 F .494(history e)2.994 F .494(xpansion f)-.15 F .494 -(acilities are used to e)-.1 F .494(xtract the last)-.15 F(ar)144 612 Q -(gument, as if the "!$" history e)-.18 E(xpansion had been speci\214ed.) --.15 E F1(shell\255expand\255line $M\255C\255e$)108 624 Q F0 .623 +(acilities are used to e)-.1 F .494(xtract the last)-.15 F -.1(wo)144 +612 S(rd, as if the "!$" history e).1 E(xpansion had been speci\214ed.) +-.15 E F1(shell\255expand\255line $M\255C\255e$)108 624 Q F0 .622 (Expand the line as the shell does.)144 636 R .622 -(This performs alias and history e)5.622 F .622 +(This performs alias and history e)5.622 F .623 (xpansion as well as all of the)-.15 F(shell w)144 648 Q(ord e)-.1 E 2.5 (xpansions. See)-.15 F F2(HIST)2.5 E(OR)-.162 E 2.25(YE)-.315 G(XP)-2.25 E(ANSION)-.666 E F0(belo)2.25 E 2.5(wf)-.25 G (or a description of history e)-2.5 E(xpansion.)-.15 E F1 -(history\255expand\255line $M\255^$)108 660 Q F0 .938 +(history\255expand\255line $M\255^$)108 660 Q F0 .939 (Perform history e)144 672 R .939(xpansion on the current line.)-.15 F (See)5.939 E F2(HIST)3.439 E(OR)-.162 E 3.189(YE)-.315 G(XP)-3.189 E -(ANSION)-.666 E F0(belo)3.189 E 3.439(wf)-.25 G .939(or a descrip-) --3.439 F(tion of history e)144 684 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(magic\255space) -108 696 Q F0 1.627(Perform history e)144 708 R 1.627 -(xpansion on the current line and insert a space.)-.15 F(See)6.626 E F2 -(HIST)4.126 E(OR)-.162 E 3.876(YE)-.315 G(XP)-3.876 E(ANSION)-.666 E F0 +(ANSION)-.666 E F0(belo)3.189 E 3.438(wf)-.25 G .938(or a descrip-) +-3.438 F(tion of history e)144 684 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(magic\255space) +108 696 Q F0 1.626(Perform history e)144 708 R 1.626 +(xpansion on the current line and insert a space.)-.15 F(See)6.627 E F2 +(HIST)4.127 E(OR)-.162 E 3.877(YE)-.315 G(XP)-3.877 E(ANSION)-.666 E F0 (belo)144 720 Q 2.5(wf)-.25 G(or a description of history e)-2.5 E -(xpansion.)-.15 E(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2013 March 4)146.79 E(42)195.95 -E 0 Cg EP +(xpansion.)-.15 E(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2013 September 2)138.455 E(42) +187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 43 43 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH$1$ B).35 F(ASH$1$) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(alias\255expand\255line)108 84 Q F0 .394 -(Perform alias e)144 96 R .394(xpansion on the current line.)-.15 F(See) -5.395 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)2.895 E F0(abo)2.645 E .695 -.15 -(ve f)-.15 H .395(or a description of alias e).15 F(xpan-)-.15 E(sion.) +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(alias\255expand\255line)108 84 Q F0 .395 +(Perform alias e)144 96 R .395(xpansion on the current line.)-.15 F(See) +5.395 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)2.895 E F0(abo)2.645 E .694 -.15 +(ve f)-.15 H .394(or a description of alias e).15 F(xpan-)-.15 E(sion.) 144 108 Q F1(history\255and\255alias\255expand\255line)108 120 Q F0 (Perform history and alias e)144 132 Q(xpansion on the current line.) -.15 E F1(insert\255last\255ar)108 144 Q(gument $M\255.)-.1 E 2.5(,M) .833 G -1.667(\255_ $)-2.5 F F0 2.5(As)144 156 S(ynon)-2.5 E(ym for) -.15 E F1(yank\255last\255ar)2.5 E(g)-.1 E F0(.)A F1 -(operate\255and\255get\255next $C\255o$)108 168 Q F0 .948 +(operate\255and\255get\255next $C\255o$)108 168 Q F0 .947 (Accept the current line for e)144 180 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .948 -(cution and fetch the ne).15 F .948(xt line relati)-.15 F 1.247 -.15 -(ve t)-.25 H 3.447(ot).15 G .947(he current line from the)-3.447 F +(cution and fetch the ne).15 F .948(xt line relati)-.15 F 1.248 -.15 +(ve t)-.25 H 3.448(ot).15 G .948(he current line from the)-3.448 F (history for editing.)144 192 Q(An)5 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-2.5 G (ument is ignored.).18 E F1 (edit\255and\255execute\255command $C\255xC\255e$)108 204 Q F0(In)144 @@ -5192,78 +5210,78 @@ BP (and)2.25 E/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(emacs)2.5 E F0(as the editor)2.5 E 2.5(,i)-.4 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G(hat order)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1(Commands f)87 244.8 Q(or Changing T)-.25 E(ext)-.92 E(delete\255char $C\255d$)108 -256.8 Q F0 .358(Delete the character at point.)144 268.8 R .358 +256.8 Q F0 .357(Delete the character at point.)144 268.8 R .358 (If point is at the be)5.358 F .358 (ginning of the line, there are no characters in the)-.15 F (line, and the last character typed w)144 280.8 Q(as not bound to)-.1 E F1(delete\255char)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(hen return)-2.5 E F2(EOF)2.5 E F3(.) -A F1(backward\255delete\255char $Rubout$)108 292.8 Q F0 .552 +A F1(backward\255delete\255char $Rubout$)108 292.8 Q F0 .553 (Delete the character behind the cursor)144 304.8 R 5.553(.W)-.55 G .553 (hen gi)-5.553 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.053(nan).15 G .553(umeric ar)-3.053 F -.553(gument, sa)-.18 F .853 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .553(he deleted te).15 F -.553(xt on)-.15 F(the kill ring.)144 316.8 Q F1 -.25(fo)108 328.8 S -(rward\255backward\255delete\255char).25 E F0 .474 -(Delete the character under the cursor)144 340.8 R 2.974(,u)-.4 G .474 -(nless the cursor is at the end of the line, in which case the)-2.974 F +.552(gument, sa)-.18 F .852 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .552(he deleted te).15 F +.552(xt on)-.15 F(the kill ring.)144 316.8 Q F1 -.25(fo)108 328.8 S +(rward\255backward\255delete\255char).25 E F0 .473 +(Delete the character under the cursor)144 340.8 R 2.973(,u)-.4 G .474 +(nless the cursor is at the end of the line, in which case the)-2.973 F (character behind the cursor is deleted.)144 352.8 Q F1 -(quoted\255insert $C\255q, C\255v$)108 364.8 Q F0 .778(Add the ne)144 +(quoted\255insert $C\255q, C\255v$)108 364.8 Q F0 .779(Add the ne)144 376.8 R .779(xt character typed to the line v)-.15 F 3.279 (erbatim. This)-.15 F .779(is ho)3.279 F 3.279(wt)-.25 G 3.279(oi)-3.279 -G .779(nsert characters lik)-3.279 F(e)-.1 E F1(C\255q)3.279 E F0 3.279 -(,f)C(or)-3.279 E -.15(ex)144 388.8 S(ample.).15 E F1 +G .779(nsert characters lik)-3.279 F(e)-.1 E F1(C\255q)3.278 E F0 3.278 +(,f)C(or)-3.278 E -.15(ex)144 388.8 S(ample.).15 E F1 (tab\255insert $C\255v T)108 400.8 Q(AB$)-.9 E F0 (Insert a tab character)144 412.8 Q(.)-.55 E F1 (self\255insert $a, b, A, 1, !, ...$)108 424.8 Q F0 (Insert the character typed.)144 436.8 Q F1 -(transpose\255chars $C\255t$)108 448.8 Q F0 .322 +(transpose\255chars $C\255t$)108 448.8 Q F0 .321 (Drag the character before point forw)144 460.8 R .321(ard o)-.1 F -.15 -(ve)-.15 G 2.821(rt).15 G .321(he character at point, mo)-2.821 F .321 -(ving point forw)-.15 F .321(ard as well.)-.1 F 1.182 +(ve)-.15 G 2.821(rt).15 G .321(he character at point, mo)-2.821 F .322 +(ving point forw)-.15 F .322(ard as well.)-.1 F 1.182 (If point is at the end of the line, then this transposes the tw)144 -472.8 R 3.683(oc)-.1 G 1.183(haracters before point.)-3.683 F(Ne)6.183 E +472.8 R 3.682(oc)-.1 G 1.182(haracters before point.)-3.682 F(Ne)6.182 E -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ar)144 484.8 Q(guments ha)-.18 E .3 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.5(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.5 G(ect.).25 E F1 -(transpose\255w)108 496.8 Q(ords $M\255t$)-.1 E F0 .024(Drag the w)144 -508.8 R .024(ord before point past the w)-.1 F .023(ord after point, mo) --.1 F .023(ving point o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.523(rt).15 G .023(hat w) --2.523 F .023(ord as well.)-.1 F .023(If point)5.023 F +(transpose\255w)108 496.8 Q(ords $M\255t$)-.1 E F0 .023(Drag the w)144 +508.8 R .023(ord before point past the w)-.1 F .023(ord after point, mo) +-.1 F .023(ving point o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.524(rt).15 G .024(hat w) +-2.524 F .024(ord as well.)-.1 F .024(If point)5.024 F (is at the end of the line, this transposes the last tw)144 520.8 Q 2.5 (ow)-.1 G(ords on the line.)-2.6 E F1(upcase\255w)108 532.8 Q -(ord $M\255u$)-.1 E F0 1.698(Uppercase the current $or follo)144 +(ord \(M\255u$)-.1 E F0 1.699(Uppercase the current $or follo)144 544.8 R 1.698(wing$ w)-.25 F 4.198(ord. W)-.1 F 1.698(ith a ne)-.4 F --.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.999 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.699 +-.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.998 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.698 (ument, uppercase the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 556.8 S(rd, b).1 E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(do)108 568.8 Q -(wncase\255w)-.1 E(ord $M\255l$)-.1 E F0(Lo)144 580.8 Q 1.648 -(wercase the current $or follo)-.25 F 1.648(wing$ w)-.25 F 4.148 -(ord. W)-.1 F 1.647(ith a ne)-.4 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.947 -.15 -(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.647(ument, lo).18 F 1.647(wercase the pre) +(wncase\255w)-.1 E(ord $M\255l$)-.1 E F0(Lo)144 580.8 Q 1.647 +(wercase the current $or follo)-.25 F 1.647(wing$ w)-.25 F 4.147 +(ord. W)-.1 F 1.648(ith a ne)-.4 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.948 -.15 +(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.648(ument, lo).18 F 1.648(wercase the pre) -.25 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 592.8 S(rd, b).1 E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(capitalize\255w)108 604.8 Q -(ord $M\255c$)-.1 E F0 1.974(Capitalize the current $or follo)144 +(ord \(M\255c$)-.1 E F0 1.975(Capitalize the current $or follo)144 616.8 R 1.974(wing$ w)-.25 F 4.474(ord. W)-.1 F 1.974(ith a ne)-.4 F --.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 2.274 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.975 +-.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 2.274 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.974 (ument, capitalize the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 628.8 S(rd, b) .1 E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1 -.1(ove)108 -640.8 S(rwrite\255mode).1 E F0 -.8(To)144 652.8 S .438(ggle o).8 F -.15 -(ve)-.15 G .438(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4(Wi)5.438 G .438(th an e).4 F .438 -(xplicit positi)-.15 F .737 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .437(umeric ar).15 F .437 -(gument, switches to o)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .437(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4 -(Wi)144 664.8 S .78(th an e).4 F .781(xplicit non-positi)-.15 F 1.081 +640.8 S(rwrite\255mode).1 E F0 -.8(To)144 652.8 S .437(ggle o).8 F -.15 +(ve)-.15 G .437(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4(Wi)5.437 G .437(th an e).4 F .437 +(xplicit positi)-.15 F .738 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .438(umeric ar).15 F .438 +(gument, switches to o)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .438(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4 +(Wi)144 664.8 S .781(th an e).4 F .781(xplicit non-positi)-.15 F 1.081 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .781(umeric ar).15 F .781 -(gument, switches to insert mode.)-.18 F .781(This command af)5.781 F -(fects)-.25 E(only)144 676.8 Q F1(emacs)4.395 E F0(mode;)4.395 E F1(vi) -4.395 E F0 1.894(mode does o)4.395 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.894(rwrite dif).15 +(gument, switches to insert mode.)-.18 F .78(This command af)5.781 F +(fects)-.25 E(only)144 676.8 Q F1(emacs)4.394 E F0(mode;)4.394 E F1(vi) +4.394 E F0 1.894(mode does o)4.394 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.894(rwrite dif).15 F(ferently)-.25 E 6.894(.E)-.65 G 1.894(ach call to)-6.894 F F4 -.37(re) -4.394 G(adline).37 E F0 1.894(starts in insert)4.394 F 3.968 -(mode. In)144 688.8 R -.15(ove)3.968 G 1.468 +4.395 G(adline).37 E F0 1.895(starts in insert)4.395 F 3.969 +(mode. In)144 688.8 R -.15(ove)3.969 G 1.469 (rwrite mode, characters bound to).15 F F1(self\255insert)3.969 E F0 -1.469(replace the te)3.969 F 1.469(xt at point rather than)-.15 F .958 -(pushing the te)144 700.8 R .958(xt to the right.)-.15 F .957 -(Characters bound to)5.958 F F1(backward\255delete\255char)3.457 E F0 -.957(replace the character)3.457 F(before point with a space.)144 712.8 -Q(By def)5 E(ault, this command is unbound.)-.1 E(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q -(2013 March 4)146.79 E(43)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +1.468(replace the te)3.969 F 1.468(xt at point rather than)-.15 F .957 +(pushing the te)144 700.8 R .957(xt to the right.)-.15 F .958 +(Characters bound to)5.957 F F1(backward\255delete\255char)3.458 E F0 +.958(replace the character)3.458 F(before point with a space.)144 712.8 +Q(By def)5 E(ault, this command is unbound.)-.1 E(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q +(2013 September 2)138.455 E(43)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 44 44 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -5279,18 +5297,18 @@ BP (The killed te)5 E(xt is sa)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(do).15 G 2.5(nt) -2.5 G(he kill-ring.)-2.5 E F1(kill\255whole\255line)108 168 Q F0 (Kill all characters on the current line, no matter where point is.)144 -180 Q F1(kill\255w)108 192 Q(ord $M\255d$)-.1 E F0 .728 -(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 204 R .729 -(ord, or if between w)-.1 F .729(ords, to the end of the ne)-.1 F .729 +180 Q F1(kill\255w)108 192 Q(ord $M\255d$)-.1 E F0 .729 +(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 204 R .728 +(ord, or if between w)-.1 F .728(ords, to the end of the ne)-.1 F .728 (xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 216 S (rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1 -.25(fo)2.5 G (rward\255w).25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(backward\255kill\255w)108 228 Q (ord $M\255Rubout$)-.1 E F0(Kill the w)144 240 Q(ord behind point.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)5 G(rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1 (backward\255w)2.5 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(shell\255kill\255w)108 252 Q -(ord $M\255d$)-.1 E F0 .729 -(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 264 R .728 -(ord, or if between w)-.1 F .728(ords, to the end of the ne)-.1 F .728 +(ord $M\255d$)-.1 E F0 .728 +(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 264 R .729 +(ord, or if between w)-.1 F .729(ords, to the end of the ne)-.1 F .729 (xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 276 S (rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1(shell\255f)2.5 E (orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(shell\255backward\255kill\255w) @@ -5298,14 +5316,14 @@ E -.8(Wo)5 G(rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1 (ord behind point.)-.1 F -.8(Wo)8.025 G 3.025 (rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 F F1(shell\255back-) 5.525 E(ward\255w)144 312 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(unix\255w)108 324 Q -(ord\255rubout $C\255w$)-.1 E F0 .365(Kill the w)144 336 R .365 -(ord behind point, using white space as a w)-.1 F .364(ord boundary)-.1 -F 5.364(.T)-.65 G .364(he killed te)-5.364 F .364(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15 -(ve)-.2 G 2.864(do).15 G 2.864(nt)-2.864 G(he)-2.864 E(kill-ring.)144 -348 Q F1(unix\255\214lename\255rubout)108 360 Q F0 .166(Kill the w)144 +(ord\255rubout $C\255w$)-.1 E F0 .364(Kill the w)144 336 R .364 +(ord behind point, using white space as a w)-.1 F .365(ord boundary)-.1 +F 5.365(.T)-.65 G .365(he killed te)-5.365 F .365(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15 +(ve)-.2 G 2.865(do).15 G 2.865(nt)-2.865 G(he)-2.865 E(kill-ring.)144 +348 Q F1(unix\255\214lename\255rubout)108 360 Q F0 .167(Kill the w)144 372 R .166 (ord behind point, using white space and the slash character as the w) --.1 F .167(ord boundaries.)-.1 F(The)5.167 E(killed te)144 384 Q +-.1 F .166(ord boundaries.)-.1 F(The)5.166 E(killed te)144 384 Q (xt is sa)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(do).15 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G(he kill-ring.) -2.5 E F1(delete\255horizontal\255space $M\255\\$)108 396 Q F0 (Delete all spaces and tabs around point.)144 408 Q F1(kill\255r)108 420 @@ -5313,15 +5331,15 @@ Q(egion)-.18 E F0(Kill the te)144 432 Q(xt in the current re)-.15 E (gion.)-.15 E F1(copy\255r)108 444 Q(egion\255as\255kill)-.18 E F0(Cop) 144 456 Q 2.5(yt)-.1 G(he te)-2.5 E(xt in the re)-.15 E (gion to the kill b)-.15 E(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E(.)-.55 E F1 -(copy\255backward\255w)108 468 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(Cop)144 480 Q 4.801(yt)-.1 -G 2.301(he w)-4.801 F 2.301(ord before point to the kill b)-.1 F(uf)-.2 -E(fer)-.25 E 7.301(.T)-.55 G 2.301(he w)-7.301 F 2.3 -(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1(back-)4.8 E(ward\255w)144 492 Q -(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(copy\255f)108 504 Q(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0 -(Cop)144 516 Q 4.507(yt)-.1 G 2.007(he w)-4.507 F 2.007(ord follo)-.1 F -2.007(wing point to the kill b)-.25 F(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 7.008(.T)-.55 -G 2.008(he w)-7.008 F 2.008(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1 -.25 -(fo)4.508 G -.37(r-).25 G(ward\255w)144 528 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1 +(copy\255backward\255w)108 468 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(Cop)144 480 Q 4.8(yt)-.1 G +2.3(he w)-4.8 F 2.3(ord before point to the kill b)-.1 F(uf)-.2 E(fer) +-.25 E 7.301(.T)-.55 G 2.301(he w)-7.301 F 2.301 +(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1(back-)4.801 E(ward\255w)144 492 +Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(copy\255f)108 504 Q(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E +F0(Cop)144 516 Q 4.508(yt)-.1 G 2.008(he w)-4.508 F 2.008(ord follo)-.1 +F 2.008(wing point to the kill b)-.25 F(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 7.007(.T) +-.55 G 2.007(he w)-7.007 F 2.007(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1 +-.25(fo)4.507 G -.37(r-).25 G(ward\255w)144 528 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1 (yank $C\255y$)108 540 Q F0 -1(Ya)144 552 S (nk the top of the kill ring into the b)1 E(uf)-.2 E(fer at point.)-.25 E F1(yank\255pop $M\255y$)108 564 Q F0 @@ -5329,31 +5347,31 @@ E F1(yank\255pop $M\255y$)108 564 Q F0 (op. Only)-2.5 F -.1(wo)2.5 G(rks follo).1 E(wing)-.25 E F1(yank)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1(yank\255pop)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(Numeric Ar)87 592.8 Q (guments)-.1 E(digit\255ar)108 604.8 Q -(gument $M\2550, M\2551, ..., M\255\255$)-.1 E F0 .642 +(gument $M\2550, M\2551, ..., M\255\255$)-.1 E F0 .641 (Add this digit to the ar)144 616.8 R .641 (gument already accumulating, or start a ne)-.18 F 3.141(wa)-.25 G -.18 -(rg)-3.141 G 3.141(ument. M\255\255).18 F .641(starts a ne)3.141 F(g-) +(rg)-3.141 G 3.142(ument. M\255\255).18 F .642(starts a ne)3.142 F(g-) -.15 E(ati)144 628.8 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G(ument.).18 E F1 -(uni)108 640.8 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0 .778 +(uni)108 640.8 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0 .779 (This is another w)144 652.8 R .779(ay to specify an ar)-.1 F 3.279 -(gument. If)-.18 F .779(this command is follo)3.279 F .779 +(gument. If)-.18 F .779(this command is follo)3.279 F .778 (wed by one or more digits,)-.25 F 1.376 (optionally with a leading minus sign, those digits de\214ne the ar)144 664.8 R 3.876(gument. If)-.18 F 1.376(the command is fol-)3.876 F(lo)144 676.8 Q 1.17(wed by digits, e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(uni) 3.67 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(ag)3.67 E 1.17 (ain ends the numeric ar)-.05 F 1.17(gument, b)-.18 F 1.17(ut is other) --.2 F(-)-.2 E .899(wise ignored.)144 688.8 R .898 -(As a special case, if this command is immediately follo)5.899 F .898 +-.2 F(-)-.2 E .898(wise ignored.)144 688.8 R .898 +(As a special case, if this command is immediately follo)5.898 F .898 (wed by a character that is)-.25 F .243 (neither a digit or minus sign, the ar)144 700.8 R .243 (gument count for the ne)-.18 F .243(xt command is multiplied by four) --.15 F 5.243(.T)-.55 G(he)-5.243 E(ar)144 712.8 Q .378 +-.15 F 5.242(.T)-.55 G(he)-5.242 E(ar)144 712.8 Q .378 (gument count is initially one, so e)-.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .378 (cuting this function the \214rst time mak).15 F .378(es the ar)-.1 F .378(gument count)-.18 F(four)144 724.8 Q 2.5(,as)-.4 G(econd time mak) -2.5 E(es the ar)-.1 E(gument count sixteen, and so on.)-.18 E -(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2013 March 4)146.79 E(44)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2013 September 2)138.455 E(44)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 45 45 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -5362,12 +5380,12 @@ BP -.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Completing)87 84 Q(complete $T)108 96 Q (AB$)-.9 E F0 1.137(Attempt to perform completion on the te)144 108 R 1.137(xt before point.)-.15 F F1(Bash)6.137 E F0 1.137 -(attempts completion treating the)3.637 F(te)144 120 Q .533(xt as a v) --.15 F .533(ariable $if the te)-.25 F .533(xt be)-.15 F .533(gins with) --.15 F F1($)3.033 E F0 .533($, username $if the te)B .532(xt be)-.15 F -.532(gins with)-.15 F F1(~)3.032 E F0 .532($, hostname $if the)B(te) -144 132 Q .701(xt be)-.15 F .701(gins with)-.15 F F1(@)3.201 E F0 .701 -($, or command $including aliases and functions$ in turn.)B .702 +(attempts completion treating the)3.637 F(te)144 120 Q .532(xt as a v) +-.15 F .532(ariable $if the te)-.25 F .532(xt be)-.15 F .533(gins with) +-.15 F F1($)3.033 E F0 .533($, username $if the te)B .533(xt be)-.15 F +.533(gins with)-.15 F F1(~)3.033 E F0 .533($, hostname $if the)B(te) +144 132 Q .702(xt be)-.15 F .702(gins with)-.15 F F1(@)3.202 E F0 .701 +($, or command $including aliases and functions$ in turn.)B .701 (If none of these pro-)5.701 F (duces a match, \214lename completion is attempted.)144 144 Q F1 (possible\255completions $M\255?$)108 156 Q F0 @@ -5375,19 +5393,19 @@ BP E F1(insert\255completions $M\255*$)108 180 Q F0 .783 (Insert all completions of the te)144 192 R .783(xt before point that w) -.15 F .783(ould ha)-.1 F 1.083 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .783(een generated by) -.15 F F1(possible\255com-)3.282 E(pletions)144 204 Q F0(.)A F1 -(menu\255complete)108 216 Q F0 .928(Similar to)144 228 R F1(complete) -3.428 E F0 3.428(,b)C .929(ut replaces the w)-3.628 F .929 -(ord to be completed with a single match from the list of)-.1 F 1.194 -(possible completions.)144 240 R 1.194(Repeated e)6.194 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -1.194(cution of).15 F F1(menu\255complete)3.694 E F0 1.193 -(steps through the list of possible)3.694 F .828 +.15 F F1(possible\255com-)3.283 E(pletions)144 204 Q F0(.)A F1 +(menu\255complete)108 216 Q F0 .929(Similar to)144 228 R F1(complete) +3.429 E F0 3.429(,b)C .929(ut replaces the w)-3.629 F .929 +(ord to be completed with a single match from the list of)-.1 F 1.193 +(possible completions.)144 240 R 1.193(Repeated e)6.193 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +1.193(cution of).15 F F1(menu\255complete)3.694 E F0 1.194 +(steps through the list of possible)3.694 F .829 (completions, inserting each match in turn.)144 252 R .828 (At the end of the list of completions, the bell is rung)5.828 F .727 ($subject to the setting of)144 264 R F1(bell\255style)3.227 E F0 3.227 ($a)C .727(nd the original te)-3.227 F .727(xt is restored.)-.15 F .727 (An ar)5.727 F .727(gument of)-.18 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)3.227 E -F0(mo)3.227 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(s).15 E F2(n)3.227 E F0 1.73 +F0(mo)3.227 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(s).15 E F2(n)3.228 E F0 1.73 (positions forw)144 276 R 1.73(ard in the list of matches; a ne)-.1 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 2.03 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.73 (ument may be used to mo).18 F 2.03 -.15(ve b)-.15 H(ackw).15 E(ard)-.1 @@ -5402,7 +5420,7 @@ E F1 -.9(TA)2.5 G(B).9 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut is unbound by def)-2.7 E(ault.) 2.5(ument. This).18 F(command is unbound by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1 (delete\255char\255or\255list)108 336 Q F0 .234 (Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the be)144 348 R .234 -(ginning or end of the line $lik)-.15 F(e)-.1 E F1(delete\255char)2.735 +(ginning or end of the line \(lik)-.15 F(e)-.1 E F1(delete\255char)2.734 E F0($.)A .425(If at the end of the line, beha)144 360 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.925(si).15 G .425(dentically to)-2.925 F F1(possible\255completions) 2.925 E F0 5.425(.T)C .425(his command is unbound)-5.425 F(by def)144 @@ -5428,10 +5446,10 @@ E F1(possible\255\214lename\255completions $C\255x /$)108 408 Q F0 (possible\255hostname\255completions $C\255x @$)108 552 Q F0 (List the possible completions of the te)144 564 Q (xt before point, treating it as a hostname.)-.15 E F1 -(complete\255command $M\255!$)108 576 Q F0 .58 +(complete\255command $M\255!$)108 576 Q F0 .581 (Attempt completion on the te)144 588 R .581 -(xt before point, treating it as a command name.)-.15 F .581 -(Command comple-)5.581 F .715(tion attempts to match the te)144 600 R +(xt before point, treating it as a command name.)-.15 F .58 +(Command comple-)5.58 F .715(tion attempts to match the te)144 600 R .715(xt ag)-.15 F .715(ainst aliases, reserv)-.05 F .715(ed w)-.15 F .715(ords, shell functions, shell b)-.1 F .715(uiltins, and)-.2 F (\214nally e)144 612 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G @@ -5439,17 +5457,17 @@ E F1(possible\255\214lename\255completions $C\255x /$)108 408 Q F0 (possible\255command\255completions $C\255x !$)108 624 Q F0 (List the possible completions of the te)144 636 Q (xt before point, treating it as a command name.)-.15 E F1 -(dynamic\255complete\255history $M\255T)108 648 Q(AB$)-.9 E F0 .424 +(dynamic\255complete\255history $M\255T)108 648 Q(AB$)-.9 E F0 .425 (Attempt completion on the te)144 660 R .425 -(xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .425(xt ag)-.15 F .425 +(xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .425(xt ag)-.15 F .424 (ainst lines from the history list)-.05 F (for possible completion matches.)144 672 Q F1(dab)108 684 Q(br)-.1 E --.15(ev)-.18 G(\255expand).15 E F0 .611 +-.15(ev)-.18 G(\255expand).15 E F0 .61 (Attempt menu completion on the te)144 696 R .611 -(xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .61(xt ag)-.15 F .61 +(xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .611(xt ag)-.15 F .611 (ainst lines from the his-)-.05 F -(tory list for possible completion matches.)144 708 Q(GNU Bash 4.2)72 -768 Q(2013 March 4)146.79 E(45)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +(tory list for possible completion matches.)144 708 Q(GNU Bash 4.3)72 +768 Q(2013 September 2)138.455 E(45)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 46 46 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -5468,25 +5486,25 @@ F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1 -.25(Ke)87 124.8 S(yboard Macr) (ving the characters typed into the current k)-.2 E -.15(ey)-.1 G (board macro and store the de\214nition.).15 E F1 (call\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 184.8 Q 2.5(o$)-.18 G(C\255x e$)-2.5 -E F0(Re-e)144 196.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G 1(cute the last k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1 -G .999(board macro de\214ned, by making the characters in the macro app\ -ear as if).15 F .662(typed at the k)144 208.8 R -.15(ey)-.1 G(board.).15 -E F1(print\255last\255kbd\255macr)5.663 E 3.163(o$)-.18 G($)-3.163 E -F0 .663(Print the last k)3.163 F -.15(ey)-.1 G .663 +E F0(Re-e)144 196.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G .999(cute the last k).15 F -.15(ey) +-.1 G .999(board macro de\214ned, by making the characters in the macro\ + appear as if).15 F .663(typed at the k)144 208.8 R -.15(ey)-.1 G +(board.).15 E F1(print\255last\255kbd\255macr)5.663 E 3.163(o$)-.18 G +($)-3.163 E F0 .663(Print the last k)3.163 F -.15(ey)-.1 G .663 (board macro de\214ned in a for).15 F(-)-.2 E(mat suitable for the)144 220.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(inputr)2.5 E(c)-.37 E F0(\214le.)2.5 E F1(Miscellaneous)87 237.6 Q -.18(re)108 249.6 S.18 E -(ead\255init\255\214le $C\255x C\255r$)-.18 E F0 1.777 -(Read in the contents of the)144 261.6 R F2(inputr)4.277 E(c)-.37 E F0 -1.776(\214le, and incorporate an)4.276 F 4.276(yb)-.15 G 1.776 -(indings or v)-4.276 F 1.776(ariable assignments)-.25 F(found there.)144 -273.6 Q F1(abort $C\255g$)108 285.6 Q F0 3.248 +(ead\255init\255\214le $C\255x C\255r$)-.18 E F0 1.776 +(Read in the contents of the)144 261.6 R F2(inputr)4.276 E(c)-.37 E F0 +1.777(\214le, and incorporate an)4.276 F 4.277(yb)-.15 G 1.777 +(indings or v)-4.277 F 1.777(ariable assignments)-.25 F(found there.)144 +273.6 Q F1(abort $C\255g$)108 285.6 Q F0 3.249 (Abort the current editing command and ring the terminal')144 297.6 R -5.749(sb)-.55 G 3.249(ell $subject to the setting of)-5.749 F F1 +5.748(sb)-.55 G 3.248(ell \(subject to the setting of)-5.748 F F1 (bell\255style)144 309.6 Q F0($.)A F1(do\255upper)108 321.6 Q (case\255v)-.18 E(ersion $M\255a, M\255b, M\255)-.1 E F2(x)A F1 2.5(,.) -C(..$)-2.5 E F0 1.756(If the meta\214ed character)144 333.6 R F2(x) -4.256 E F0 1.755(is lo)4.256 F 1.755 +C(..\))-2.5 E F0 1.755(If the meta\214ed character)144 333.6 R F2(x) +4.255 E F0 1.755(is lo)4.255 F 1.756 (wercase, run the command that is bound to the corresponding)-.25 F (uppercase character)144 345.6 Q(.)-.55 E F1(pr)108 357.6 Q (e\214x\255meta $ESC$)-.18 E F0(Metafy the ne)144 369.6 Q @@ -5505,68 +5523,68 @@ F0 1.095(command enough times to)3.595 F (Set the mark to the point.)144 477.6 Q(If a numeric ar)5 E (gument is supplied, the mark is set to that position.)-.18 E F1 (exchange\255point\255and\255mark $C\255x C\255x$)108 489.6 Q F0(Sw) -144 501.6 Q .283(ap the point with the mark.)-.1 F .283 +144 501.6 Q .282(ap the point with the mark.)-.1 F .283 (The current cursor position is set to the sa)5.283 F -.15(ve)-.2 G -2.782(dp).15 G .282(osition, and the old)-2.782 F(cursor position is sa) +2.783(dp).15 G .283(osition, and the old)-2.783 F(cursor position is sa) 144 513.6 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(da).15 G 2.5(st)-2.5 G(he mark.)-2.5 E F1 -(character\255sear)108 525.6 Q(ch $C\255]$)-.18 E F0 3.035(Ac)144 -537.6 S .535(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.035 F -.15(ve)-.15 G +(character\255sear)108 525.6 Q(ch $C\255]$)-.18 E F0 3.036(Ac)144 +537.6 S .536(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.036 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.035(dt).15 G 3.035(ot)-3.035 G .535(he ne)-3.035 F .535 -(xt occurrence of that character)-.15 F 5.536(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05 -(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .836 -.15(ve c)-.25 H(ount).15 E(searches for pre) +(xt occurrence of that character)-.15 F 5.535(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05 +(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .835 -.15(ve c)-.25 H(ount).15 E(searches for pre) 144 549.6 Q(vious occurrences.)-.25 E F1(character\255sear)108 561.6 Q -(ch\255backward $M\255C\255]$)-.18 E F0 3.544(Ac)144 573.6 S 1.044 -(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.544 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.544(dt).15 G +(ch\255backward $M\255C\255]$)-.18 E F0 3.543(Ac)144 573.6 S 1.043 +(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.543 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.544(dt).15 G 3.544(ot)-3.544 G 1.044(he pre)-3.544 F 1.044 -(vious occurrence of that character)-.25 F 6.043(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E +(vious occurrence of that character)-.25 F 6.044(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G (count searches for subsequent occurrences.)144 585.6 Q F1 -(skip\255csi\255sequence)108 597.6 Q F0 1.826 +(skip\255csi\255sequence)108 597.6 Q F0 1.827 (Read enough characters to consume a multi-k)144 609.6 R 2.126 -.15 -(ey s)-.1 H 1.827(equence such as those de\214ned for k).15 F -.15(ey) --.1 G 4.327(sl).15 G(ik)-4.327 E(e)-.1 E .791(Home and End.)144 621.6 R -.791(Such sequences be)5.791 F .791 +(ey s)-.1 H 1.826(equence such as those de\214ned for k).15 F -.15(ey) +-.1 G 4.326(sl).15 G(ik)-4.326 E(e)-.1 E .79(Home and End.)144 621.6 R +.791(Such sequences be)5.79 F .791 (gin with a Control Sequence Indicator $CSI$, usually ESC\255[.)-.15 F -.331(If this sequence is bound to "\\[", k)144 633.6 R -.15(ey)-.1 G -2.831(sp).15 G .331(roducing such sequences will ha)-2.831 F .632 -.15 -(ve n)-.2 H 2.832(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.832 G .332(ect unless e).25 F +.332(If this sequence is bound to "\\[", k)144 633.6 R -.15(ey)-.1 G +2.831(sp).15 G .331(roducing such sequences will ha)-2.831 F .631 -.15 +(ve n)-.2 H 2.831(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.831 G .331(ect unless e).25 F (xplic-)-.15 E .026(itly bound to a readline command, instead of insert\ ing stray characters into the editing b)144 645.6 R(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 5.026(.T)-.55 G(his)-5.026 E(is unbound by def)144 657.6 Q(ault, b)-.1 E (ut usually bound to ESC\255[.)-.2 E F1(insert\255comment $M\255#$)108 -669.6 Q F0 -.4(Wi)144 681.6 S .48(thout a numeric ar).4 F .48 +669.6 Q F0 -.4(Wi)144 681.6 S .481(thout a numeric ar).4 F .481 (gument, the v)-.18 F .481(alue of the readline)-.25 F F1 -(comment\255begin)2.981 E F0 -.25(va)2.981 G .481 -(riable is inserted at the).25 F(be)144 693.6 Q .098 -(ginning of the current line.)-.15 F .098(If a numeric ar)5.098 F .097 -(gument is supplied, this command acts as a toggle:)-.18 F(if)5.097 E -.321(the characters at the be)144 705.6 R .321 +(comment\255begin)2.981 E F0 -.25(va)2.981 G .48 +(riable is inserted at the).25 F(be)144 693.6 Q .097 +(ginning of the current line.)-.15 F .098(If a numeric ar)5.097 F .098 +(gument is supplied, this command acts as a toggle:)-.18 F(if)5.098 E +.322(the characters at the be)144 705.6 R .321 (ginning of the line do not match the v)-.15 F .321(alue of)-.25 F F1 -(comment\255begin)2.821 E F0 2.822(,t)C .322(he v)-2.822 F .322(alue is) --.25 F .832(inserted, otherwise the characters in)144 717.6 R F1 -(comment\255begin)3.332 E F0 .831(are deleted from the be)3.332 F .831 +(comment\255begin)2.821 E F0 2.821(,t)C .321(he v)-2.821 F .321(alue is) +-.25 F .831(inserted, otherwise the characters in)144 717.6 R F1 +(comment\255begin)3.331 E F0 .832(are deleted from the be)3.331 F .832 (ginning of the line.)-.15 F 2.943 (In either case, the line is accepted as if a ne)144 729.6 R 2.943 (wline had been typed.)-.25 F 2.943(The def)7.943 F 2.943(ault v)-.1 F -2.943(alue of)-.25 F(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2013 March 4)146.79 E(46) -195.95 E 0 Cg EP +2.942(alue of)-.25 F(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2013 September 2)138.455 E +(46)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 47 47 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH$1$ B).35 F(ASH$1$) -.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(comment\255begin)144 84 Q F0 1.303 -(causes this command to mak)3.803 F 3.803(et)-.1 G 1.303 -(he current line a shell comment.)-3.803 F 1.302(If a numeric)6.303 F +(causes this command to mak)3.802 F 3.803(et)-.1 G 1.303 +(he current line a shell comment.)-3.803 F 1.303(If a numeric)6.303 F (ar)144 96 Q(gument causes the comment character to be remo)-.18 E -.15 (ve)-.15 G(d, the line will be e).15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G (cuted by the shell.).15 E F1(glob\255complete\255w)108 108 Q -(ord $M\255g$)-.1 E F0 .791(The w)144 120 R .791 -(ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F .792 +(ord $M\255g$)-.1 E F0 .792(The w)144 120 R .791 +(ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F .791 (xpansion, with an asterisk implicitly)-.15 F 2.5(appended. This)144 132 R(pattern is used to generate a list of matching \214lenames for possib\ le completions.)2.5 E F1(glob\255expand\255w)108 144 Q(ord $C\255x *$) --.1 E F0 .176(The w)144 156 R .176 +-.1 E F0 .175(The w)144 156 R .176 (ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F .176 (xpansion, and the list of matching \214le-)-.15 F .516 (names is inserted, replacing the w)144 168 R 3.016(ord. If)-.1 F 3.016 @@ -5579,416 +5597,417 @@ le completions.)2.5 E F1(glob\255expand\255w)108 144 Q(ord $C\255x *$) .872(the line is redra)144 216 R 3.372(wn. If)-.15 F 3.372(an)3.372 G .872(umeric ar)-3.372 F .872 (gument is supplied, an asterisk is appended before pathname)-.18 F -.15 -(ex)144 228 S(pansion.).15 E F1(dump\255functions)108 240 Q F0 .627 -(Print all of the functions and their k)144 252 R .927 -.15(ey b)-.1 H -.626(indings to the readline output stream.).15 F .626(If a numeric ar) -5.626 F(gu-)-.18 E +(ex)144 228 S(pansion.).15 E F1(dump\255functions)108 240 Q F0 .626 +(Print all of the functions and their k)144 252 R .926 -.15(ey b)-.1 H +.627(indings to the readline output stream.).15 F .627(If a numeric ar) +5.627 F(gu-)-.18 E (ment is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)144 264 Q (ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(inputr) 2.5 E(c)-.37 E F0(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255v)108 276 Q(ariables)-.1 E F0 -1.799(Print all of the settable readline v)144 288 R 1.799 -(ariables and their v)-.25 F 1.8(alues to the readline output stream.) --.25 F 1.8(If a)6.8 F .305(numeric ar)144 300 R .304 +1.8(Print all of the settable readline v)144 288 R 1.799 +(ariables and their v)-.25 F 1.799(alues to the readline output stream.) +-.25 F 1.799(If a)6.799 F .304(numeric ar)144 300 R .304 (gument is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)-.18 F .304 (ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(inputr)144 312 Q(c)-.37 E F0 -(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255macr)108 324 Q(os)-.18 E F0 .592 -(Print all of the readline k)144 336 R .892 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .592 -(equences bound to macros and the strings the).15 F 3.093(yo)-.15 G -3.093(utput. If)-3.093 F 3.093(an)3.093 G(umeric)-3.093 E(ar)144 348 Q +(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255macr)108 324 Q(os)-.18 E F0 .593 +(Print all of the readline k)144 336 R .893 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .592 +(equences bound to macros and the strings the).15 F 3.092(yo)-.15 G +3.092(utput. If)-3.092 F 3.092(an)3.092 G(umeric)-3.092 E(ar)144 348 Q .528(gument is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)-.18 F .528 -(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(inputr)3.027 E(c)-.37 E F0 +(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(inputr)3.028 E(c)-.37 E F0 (\214le.)144 360 Q F1(display\255shell\255v)108 372 Q (ersion $C\255x C\255v$)-.1 E F0(Display v)144 384 Q (ersion information about the current instance of)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E -F0(.)A F1(Pr)87 400.8 Q(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0 .146(When w)108 +F0(.)A F1(Pr)87 400.8 Q(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0 .147(When w)108 412.8 R .147(ord completion is attempted for an ar)-.1 F .147 (gument to a command for which a completion speci\214cation $a)-.18 F -F2(compspec)108 424.8 Q F0 3.829($h)C 1.329 -(as been de\214ned using the)-3.829 F F1(complete)3.829 E F0 -.2(bu) +F2(compspec)108 424.8 Q F0 3.828(\)h)C 1.329 +(as been de\214ned using the)-3.828 F F1(complete)3.829 E F0 -.2(bu) 3.829 G 1.329(iltin $see).2 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.329(SHELL B)3.829 -F(UIL)-.09 E 1.329(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.579 E 1.328(w$, the) +F(UIL)-.09 E 1.329(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.579 E 1.329(w\), the) -.25 F(programmable completion f)108 436.8 Q(acilities are in)-.1 E -.2 -(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E .497 -(First, the command name is identi\214ed.)108 453.6 R .497 -(If the command w)5.497 F .498 -(ord is the empty string $completion attempted at)-.1 F .234(the be)108 +(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E .498 +(First, the command name is identi\214ed.)108 453.6 R .498 +(If the command w)5.498 F .497 +(ord is the empty string \(completion attempted at)-.1 F .233(the be)108 465.6 R .233(ginning of an empty line$, an)-.15 F 2.733(yc)-.15 G .233 (ompspec de\214ned with the)-2.733 F F12.733 E F0 .233(option to) -2.733 F F1(complete)2.733 E F0 .233(is used.)2.733 F .233(If a comp-) -5.233 F .481(spec has been de\214ned for that command, the compspec is \ -used to generate the list of possible completions)108 477.6 R .823 -(for the w)108 489.6 R 3.323(ord. If)-.1 F .823(the command w)3.323 F -.822(ord is a full pathname, a compspec for the full pathname is search\ -ed for)-.1 F 2.866(\214rst. If)108 501.6 R .367(no compspec is found fo\ +2.733 F F1(complete)2.733 E F0 .233(is used.)2.733 F .234(If a comp-) +5.234 F .481(spec has been de\214ned for that command, the compspec is \ +used to generate the list of possible completions)108 477.6 R .822 +(for the w)108 489.6 R 3.322(ord. If)-.1 F .822(the command w)3.322 F +.823(ord is a full pathname, a compspec for the full pathname is search\ +ed for)-.1 F 2.867(\214rst. If)108 501.6 R .366(no compspec is found fo\ r the full pathname, an attempt is made to \214nd a compspec for the po\ -rtion)2.866 F(follo)108 513.6 Q .299(wing the \214nal slash.)-.25 F .298 -(If those searches do not result in a compspec, an)5.299 F 2.798(yc)-.15 -G .298(ompspec de\214ned with the)-2.798 F F12.798 E F0(option to) +rtion)2.867 F(follo)108 513.6 Q .298(wing the \214nal slash.)-.25 F .298 +(If those searches do not result in a compspec, an)5.298 F 2.799(yc)-.15 +G .299(ompspec de\214ned with the)-2.799 F F12.799 E F0(option to) 108 525.6 Q F1(complete)2.5 E F0(is used as the def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E .817(Once a compspec has been found, it is used to generate the list of\ matching w)108 542.4 R 3.317(ords. If)-.1 F 3.317(ac)3.317 G .817 (ompspec is not)-3.317 F(found, the def)108 554.4 Q(ault)-.1 E F1(bash) 2.5 E F0(completion as described abo)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 -E F1(Completing)2.5 E F0(is performed.)2.5 E .464 +E F1(Completing)2.5 E F0(is performed.)2.5 E .463 (First, the actions speci\214ed by the compspec are used.)108 571.2 R -.463(Only matches which are pre\214x)5.464 F .463(ed by the w)-.15 F -.463(ord being)-.1 F .595(completed are returned.)108 583.2 R .595 -(When the)5.595 F F13.095 E F0(or)3.095 E F13.095 E F0 .596 +.464(Only matches which are pre\214x)5.464 F .464(ed by the w)-.15 F +.464(ord being)-.1 F .596(completed are returned.)108 583.2 R .596 +(When the)5.596 F F13.096 E F0(or)3.095 E F13.095 E F0 .595 (option is used for \214lename or directory name completion, the)3.095 F (shell v)108 595.2 Q(ariable)-.25 E F3(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0 (is used to \214lter the matches.)2.25 E(An)108 612 Q 4.084(yc)-.15 G 1.584(ompletions speci\214ed by a pathname e)-4.084 F 1.584 (xpansion pattern to the)-.15 F F14.084 E F0 1.584 (option are generated ne)4.084 F 4.084(xt. The)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 624 S -.554(rds generated by the pattern need not match the w).1 F .555 -(ord being completed.)-.1 F(The)5.555 E F3(GLOBIGNORE)3.055 E F0 .555 -(shell v)2.805 F(ari-)-.25 E +.555(rds generated by the pattern need not match the w).1 F .554 +(ord being completed.)-.1 F(The)5.554 E F3(GLOBIGNORE)3.054 E F0 .554 +(shell v)2.804 F(ari-)-.25 E (able is not used to \214lter the matches, b)108 636 Q(ut the)-.2 E F3 (FIGNORE)2.5 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G(riable is used.).25 E(Ne)108 652.8 Q -.321(xt, the string speci\214ed as the ar)-.15 F .321(gument to the)-.18 -F F12.821 E F0 .32(option is considered.)2.821 F .32 -(The string is \214rst split using the)5.32 F .412(characters in the)108 -664.8 R F3(IFS)2.912 E F0 .412(special v)2.662 F .412 +.32(xt, the string speci\214ed as the ar)-.15 F .32(gument to the)-.18 F +F12.82 E F0 .321(option is considered.)2.821 F .321 +(The string is \214rst split using the)5.321 F .413(characters in the) +108 664.8 R F3(IFS)2.913 E F0 .412(special v)2.663 F .412 (ariable as delimiters.)-.25 F .412(Shell quoting is honored.)5.412 F -.413(Each w)5.412 F .413(ord is then e)-.1 F(xpanded)-.15 E .092 -(using brace e)108 676.8 R .092(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .092 -(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .092(ariable e)-.25 F .091 -(xpansion, command substitution, and arith-)-.15 F 1.396(metic e)108 +.412(Each w)5.412 F .412(ord is then e)-.1 F(xpanded)-.15 E .091 +(using brace e)108 676.8 R .091(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .092 +(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .092(ariable e)-.25 F .092 +(xpansion, command substitution, and arith-)-.15 F 1.397(metic e)108 688.8 R 1.396(xpansion, as described abo)-.15 F 1.696 -.15(ve u)-.15 H (nder).15 E F3(EXP)3.896 E(ANSION)-.666 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 1.396(The results are split using the rules described)5.896 F(abo)108 -700.8 Q .51 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.75(Wo)2.71 G .21 -(rd Splitting).75 F F0 5.21(.T)C .209(he results of the e)-5.21 F .209 -(xpansion are pre\214x-matched ag)-.15 F .209(ainst the w)-.05 F .209 +700.8 Q .509 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.75(Wo)2.709 G .209 +(rd Splitting).75 F F0 5.209(.T)C .209(he results of the e)-5.209 F .209 +(xpansion are pre\214x-matched ag)-.15 F .21(ainst the w)-.05 F .21 (ord being com-)-.1 F(pleted, and the matching w)108 712.8 Q -(ords become the possible completions.)-.1 E 1.237 -(After these matches ha)108 729.6 R 1.537 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.237 -(een generated, an).15 F 3.737(ys)-.15 G 1.238 -(hell function or command speci\214ed with the)-3.737 F F13.738 E -F0(and)3.738 E F13.738 E F0(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2013 March 4) -146.79 E(47)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +(ords become the possible completions.)-.1 E 1.238 +(After these matches ha)108 729.6 R 1.538 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.238 +(een generated, an).15 F 3.738(ys)-.15 G 1.237 +(hell function or command speci\214ed with the)-3.738 F F13.737 E +F0(and)3.737 E F13.737 E F0(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q +(2013 September 2)138.455 E(47)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 48 48 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH$1$ B).35 F(ASH$1$) --.35 E 3.376(options is in)108 84 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 5.875 +-.35 E 3.375(options is in)108 84 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 5.875 (d. When).1 F 3.375(the command or function is in)5.875 F -.2(vo)-.4 G --.1(ke).2 G 3.375(d, the).1 F/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMP_LINE)5.875 E/F2 -9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F1(COMP_POINT)5.625 E F2(,)A F1(COMP_KEY)108 96 Q -F2(,)A F0(and)2.407 E F1(COMP_TYPE)2.657 E F0 -.25(va)2.407 G .157 +-.1(ke).2 G 3.375(d, the).1 F/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMP_LINE)5.876 E/F2 +9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F1(COMP_POINT)5.626 E F2(,)A F1(COMP_KEY)108 96 Q +F2(,)A F0(and)2.408 E F1(COMP_TYPE)2.658 E F0 -.25(va)2.408 G .157 (riables are assigned v).25 F .157(alues as described abo)-.25 F .457 --.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF .158(Shell V)2.658 F -(ariables)-.92 E F0 5.158(.I)C(f)-5.158 E 3.486(as)108 108 S .986 -(hell function is being in)-3.486 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .986 +-.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF .157(Shell V)2.657 F +(ariables)-.92 E F0 5.157(.I)C(f)-5.157 E 3.485(as)108 108 S .986 +(hell function is being in)-3.485 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .986 (d, the).1 F F1(COMP_W)3.486 E(ORDS)-.09 E F0(and)3.236 E F1(COMP_CW) 3.486 E(ORD)-.09 E F0 -.25(va)3.236 G .986(riables are also set.).25 F -(When)5.985 E .346(the function or command is in)108 120 R -.2(vo)-.4 G --.1(ke).2 G .346(d, the \214rst ar).1 F .346(gument $)-.18 F F3($1)A F0 -2.847($i)C 2.847(st)-2.847 G .347(he name of the command whose ar) --2.847 F(guments)-.18 E .264(are being completed, the second ar)108 132 -R .264(gument $)-.18 F F3($2)A F0 2.764($i)C 2.764(st)-2.764 G .264 -(he w)-2.764 F .263(ord being completed, and the third ar)-.1 F .263 -(gument $)-.18 F F3($3)A F0 2.763($i)C(s)-2.763 E .628(the w)108 144 R -.628(ord preceding the w)-.1 F .629 -(ord being completed on the current command line.)-.1 F .629 -(No \214ltering of the generated)5.629 F .715(completions ag)108 156 R -.715(ainst the w)-.05 F .714(ord being completed is performed; the func\ +(When)5.986 E .347(the function or command is in)108 120 R -.2(vo)-.4 G +-.1(ke).2 G .347(d, the \214rst ar).1 F .346(gument $)-.18 F F3($1)A F0 +2.846($i)C 2.846(st)-2.846 G .346(he name of the command whose ar) +-2.846 F(guments)-.18 E .263(are being completed, the second ar)108 132 +R .263(gument $)-.18 F F3($2)A F0 2.763($i)C 2.763(st)-2.763 G .264 +(he w)-2.763 F .264(ord being completed, and the third ar)-.1 F .264 +(gument $)-.18 F F3($3)A F0 2.764($i)C(s)-2.764 E .629(the w)108 144 R +.629(ord preceding the w)-.1 F .629 +(ord being completed on the current command line.)-.1 F .628 +(No \214ltering of the generated)5.629 F .714(completions ag)108 156 R +.714(ainst the w)-.05 F .714(ord being completed is performed; the func\ tion or command has complete free-)-.1 F(dom in generating the matches.) -108 168 Q(An)108 184.8 Q 2.937(yf)-.15 G .437(unction speci\214ed with) --2.937 F F32.937 E F0 .437(is in)2.937 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G +108 168 Q(An)108 184.8 Q 2.938(yf)-.15 G .437(unction speci\214ed with) +-2.938 F F32.937 E F0 .437(is in)2.937 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.937<648c>.1 G 2.937(rst. The)-2.937 F .437(function may use an)2.937 F -2.937(yo)-.15 G 2.937(ft)-2.937 G .437(he shell f)-2.937 F .438 -(acilities, including)-.1 F(the)108 196.8 Q F3(compgen)2.957 E F0 -.2 -(bu)2.957 G .457(iltin described belo).2 F 1.756 -.65(w, t)-.25 H 2.956 -(og).65 G .456(enerate the matches.)-2.956 F .456 +2.937(yo)-.15 G 2.937(ft)-2.937 G .437(he shell f)-2.937 F .437 +(acilities, including)-.1 F(the)108 196.8 Q F3(compgen)2.956 E F0 -.2 +(bu)2.956 G .456(iltin described belo).2 F 1.756 -.65(w, t)-.25 H 2.956 +(og).65 G .456(enerate the matches.)-2.956 F .457 (It must put the possible completions in the)5.456 F F1(COMPREPL)108 208.8 Q(Y)-.828 E F0(array v)2.25 E(ariable, one per array element.)-.25 -E(Ne)108 225.6 Q .08(xt, an)-.15 F 2.58(yc)-.15 G .08 -(ommand speci\214ed with the)-2.58 F F32.58 E F0 .081 -(option is in)2.581 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.581(di).1 G 2.581(na) --2.581 G 2.581(ne)-2.581 G -.4(nv)-2.581 G .081(ironment equi).4 F -.25 -(va)-.25 G .081(lent to command sub-).25 F 2.859(stitution. It)108 237.6 -R .359(should print a list of completions, one per line, to the standar\ -d output.)2.859 F .358(Backslash may be used)5.359 F(to escape a ne)108 -249.6 Q(wline, if necessary)-.25 E(.)-.65 E .376 +E(Ne)108 225.6 Q .081(xt, an)-.15 F 2.581(yc)-.15 G .081 +(ommand speci\214ed with the)-2.581 F F32.581 E F0 .081 +(option is in)2.581 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.581(di).1 G 2.58(na) +-2.581 G 2.58(ne)-2.58 G -.4(nv)-2.58 G .08(ironment equi).4 F -.25(va) +-.25 G .08(lent to command sub-).25 F 2.858(stitution. It)108 237.6 R +.359(should print a list of completions, one per line, to the standard \ +output.)2.858 F .359(Backslash may be used)5.359 F(to escape a ne)108 +249.6 Q(wline, if necessary)-.25 E(.)-.65 E .377 (After all of the possible completions are generated, an)108 266.4 R -2.877<798c>-.15 G .377(lter speci\214ed with the)-2.877 F F32.877 -E F0 .377(option is applied to the)2.877 F 3.182(list. The)108 278.4 R -.682(\214lter is a pattern as used for pathname e)3.182 F .681 -(xpansion; a)-.15 F F3(&)3.181 E F0 .681 -(in the pattern is replaced with the te)3.181 F .681(xt of)-.15 F .522 -(the w)108 290.4 R .522(ord being completed.)-.1 F 3.022(Al)5.522 G -(iteral)-3.022 E F3(&)3.022 E F0 .523 +2.877<798c>-.15 G .377(lter speci\214ed with the)-2.877 F F32.876 +E F0 .376(option is applied to the)2.876 F 3.181(list. The)108 278.4 R +.681(\214lter is a pattern as used for pathname e)3.181 F .681 +(xpansion; a)-.15 F F3(&)3.181 E F0 .682 +(in the pattern is replaced with the te)3.182 F .682(xt of)-.15 F .523 +(the w)108 290.4 R .523(ord being completed.)-.1 F 3.023(Al)5.523 G +(iteral)-3.023 E F3(&)3.023 E F0 .522 (may be escaped with a backslash; the backslash is remo)3.022 F -.15(ve) --.15 G 3.023(db).15 G(efore)-3.023 E .85(attempting a match.)108 302.4 R -(An)5.85 E 3.35(yc)-.15 G .849 -(ompletion that matches the pattern will be remo)-3.35 F -.15(ve)-.15 G -3.349(df).15 G .849(rom the list.)-3.349 F 3.349(Al)5.849 G(eading) --3.349 E F3(!)3.349 E F0(ne)108 314.4 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G +-.15 G 3.022(db).15 G(efore)-3.022 E .849(attempting a match.)108 302.4 +R(An)5.849 E 3.349(yc)-.15 G .849 +(ompletion that matches the pattern will be remo)-3.349 F -.15(ve)-.15 G +3.35(df).15 G .85(rom the list.)-3.35 F 3.35(Al)5.85 G(eading)-3.35 E F3 +(!)3.35 E F0(ne)108 314.4 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G (tes the pattern; in this case an).05 E 2.5(yc)-.15 G (ompletion not matching the pattern will be remo)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G -(d.).15 E(Finally)108 331.2 Q 3.086(,a)-.65 G .886 -.15(ny p)-3.086 H -.586(re\214x and suf).15 F .587(\214x speci\214ed with the)-.25 F F3 +(d.).15 E(Finally)108 331.2 Q 3.087(,a)-.65 G .887 -.15(ny p)-3.087 H +.587(re\214x and suf).15 F .587(\214x speci\214ed with the)-.25 F F3 3.087 E F0(and)3.087 E F33.087 E F0 .587 (options are added to each member of the com-)3.087 F(pletion list, and\ the result is returned to the readline completion code as the list of \ -possible completions.)108 343.2 Q .247(If the pre)108 360 R .247 +possible completions.)108 343.2 Q .246(If the pre)108 360 R .247 (viously-applied actions do not generate an)-.25 F 2.747(ym)-.15 G .247 (atches, and the)-2.747 F F3 .247(\255o dir)2.747 F(names)-.15 E F0 .247 -(option w)2.747 F .246(as supplied to)-.1 F F3(complete)108 372 Q F0 +(option w)2.747 F .247(as supplied to)-.1 F F3(complete)108 372 Q F0 (when the compspec w)2.5 E -(as de\214ned, directory name completion is attempted.)-.1 E .461 -(If the)108 388.8 R F3 .462(\255o plusdirs)2.961 F F0 .462(option w) +(as de\214ned, directory name completion is attempted.)-.1 E .462 +(If the)108 388.8 R F3 .462(\255o plusdirs)2.962 F F0 .462(option w) 2.962 F .462(as supplied to)-.1 F F3(complete)2.962 E F0 .462 (when the compspec w)2.962 F .462(as de\214ned, directory name com-)-.1 F(pletion is attempted and an)108 400.8 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G -(atches are added to the results of the other actions.)-2.5 E .56 -(By def)108 417.6 R .56(ault, if a compspec is found, whate)-.1 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 3.06(ri).15 G 3.06(tg)-3.06 G .559 -(enerates is returned to the completion code as the full set)-3.06 F -.631(of possible completions.)108 429.6 R .631(The def)5.631 F(ault)-.1 -E F3(bash)3.131 E F0 .631 -(completions are not attempted, and the readline def)3.131 F .632 -(ault of \214le-)-.1 F .559(name completion is disabled.)108 441.6 R -.559(If the)5.559 F F3 .559(\255o bashdefault)3.059 F F0 .559(option w) -3.059 F .559(as supplied to)-.1 F F3(complete)3.058 E F0 .558 -(when the compspec)3.058 F -.1(wa)108 453.6 S 3.171(sd).1 G .671 -(e\214ned, the)-3.171 F F3(bash)3.171 E F0(def)3.171 E .671 +(atches are added to the results of the other actions.)-2.5 E .559 +(By def)108 417.6 R .559(ault, if a compspec is found, whate)-.1 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G 3.059(ri).15 G 3.059(tg)-3.059 G .56 +(enerates is returned to the completion code as the full set)-3.059 F +.632(of possible completions.)108 429.6 R .632(The def)5.632 F(ault)-.1 +E F3(bash)3.132 E F0 .631 +(completions are not attempted, and the readline def)3.131 F .631 +(ault of \214le-)-.1 F .558(name completion is disabled.)108 441.6 R +.558(If the)5.558 F F3 .559(\255o bashdefault)3.059 F F0 .559(option w) +3.059 F .559(as supplied to)-.1 F F3(complete)3.059 E F0 .559 +(when the compspec)3.059 F -.1(wa)108 453.6 S 3.172(sd).1 G .672 +(e\214ned, the)-3.172 F F3(bash)3.172 E F0(def)3.172 E .671 (ault completions are attempted if the compspec generates no matches.) --.1 F .672(If the)5.672 F F33.172 E(default)108 465.6 Q F0 1.207 -(option w)3.707 F 1.207(as supplied to)-.1 F F3(complete)3.707 E F0 +-.1 F .671(If the)5.671 F F33.171 E(default)108 465.6 Q F0 1.207 +(option w)3.706 F 1.207(as supplied to)-.1 F F3(complete)3.707 E F0 1.207(when the compspec w)3.707 F 1.207(as de\214ned, readline')-.1 F -3.707(sd)-.55 G(ef)-3.707 E 1.206(ault completion)-.1 F +3.707(sd)-.55 G(ef)-3.707 E 1.207(ault completion)-.1 F (will be performed if the compspec $and, if attempted, the def)108 477.6 Q(ault)-.1 E F3(bash)2.5 E F0(completions$ generate no matches.) 2.5 E .245(When a compspec indicates that directory name completion is \ -desired, the programmable completion func-)108 494.4 R .633(tions force\ +desired, the programmable completion func-)108 494.4 R .632(tions force\ readline to append a slash to completed names which are symbolic links\ - to directories, subject)108 506.4 R 2.761(to the v)108 518.4 R 2.761 -(alue of the)-.25 F F3(mark\255dir)5.261 E(ectories)-.18 E F0 2.761 -(readline v)5.261 F 2.761(ariable, re)-.25 F -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.762 -(rdless of the setting of the).05 F F3(mark-sym-)5.262 E(link)108 530.4 + to directories, subject)108 506.4 R 2.762(to the v)108 518.4 R 2.762 +(alue of the)-.25 F F3(mark\255dir)5.262 E(ectories)-.18 E F0 2.761 +(readline v)5.262 F 2.761(ariable, re)-.25 F -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.761 +(rdless of the setting of the).05 F F3(mark-sym-)5.261 E(link)108 530.4 Q(ed\255dir)-.1 E(ectories)-.18 E F0(readline v)2.5 E(ariable.)-.25 E -.191(There is some support for dynamically modifying completions.)108 -547.2 R .19(This is most useful when used in combina-)5.191 F 1.33 +.19(There is some support for dynamically modifying completions.)108 +547.2 R .191(This is most useful when used in combina-)5.191 F 1.33 (tion with a def)108 559.2 R 1.33(ault completion speci\214ed with)-.1 F F3 1.33(complete -D)3.83 F F0 6.33(.I)C(t')-6.33 E 3.83(sp)-.55 G 1.33 (ossible for shell functions e)-3.83 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.33(cuted as).15 F .93(completion handlers to indicate that completion should be retried\ by returning an e)108 571.2 R .93(xit status of 124.)-.15 F .93(If a) 5.93 F .1(shell function returns 124, and changes the compspec associat\ -ed with the command on which completion is)108 583.2 R .666 -(being attempted $supplied as the \214rst ar)108 595.2 R .665 -(gument when the function is e)-.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .665 -(cuted$, programmable completion).15 F .083(restarts from the be)108 +ed with the command on which completion is)108 583.2 R .665 +(being attempted $supplied as the \214rst ar)108 595.2 R .666 +(gument when the function is e)-.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .666 +(cuted$, programmable completion).15 F .084(restarts from the be)108 607.2 R .084(ginning, with an attempt to \214nd a ne)-.15 F 2.584(wc) --.25 G .084(ompspec for that command.)-2.584 F .084(This allo)5.084 F -.084(ws a set of)-.25 F(completions to be b)108 619.2 Q(uilt dynamicall\ +-.25 G .084(ompspec for that command.)-2.584 F .083(This allo)5.083 F +.083(ws a set of)-.25 F(completions to be b)108 619.2 Q(uilt dynamicall\ y as completion is attempted, rather than being loaded all at once.)-.2 -E -.15(Fo)108 636 S 2.637(ri).15 G .137 -(nstance, assuming that there is a library of compspecs, each k)-2.637 F +E -.15(Fo)108 636 S 2.636(ri).15 G .137 +(nstance, assuming that there is a library of compspecs, each k)-2.636 F .137(ept in a \214le corresponding to the name of)-.1 F (the command, the follo)108 648 Q(wing def)-.25 E (ault completion function w)-.1 E(ould load completions dynamically:)-.1 E/F4 10/Courier@0 SF(_completion_loader)108 664.8 Q({)108 676.8 Q 6 (.")144 688.8 S (/etc/bash_completion.d/$1.sh" >/dev/null 2>&1 && return 124)-6 E(})108 -700.8 Q(complete -D -F _completion_loader)108 712.8 Q F0(GNU Bash 4.2)72 -768 Q(2013 March 4)146.79 E(48)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +700.8 Q(complete -D -F _completion_loader -o bashdefault -o default)108 +712.8 Q F0(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2013 September 2)138.455 E(48)187.615 E +0 Cg EP %%Page: 49 49 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH$1$ B).35 F(ASH$1$) -.35 E/F1 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)72 84 Q(OR)-.197 E(Y)-.383 E F0 -.371(When the)108 96 R/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF .371(\255o history)2.871 F -F0 .371(option to the)2.871 F F2(set)2.872 E F0 -.2(bu)2.872 G .372 -(iltin is enabled, the shell pro).2 F .372(vides access to the)-.15 F/F3 -10/Times-Italic@0 SF .372(command history)2.872 F F0(,)A .305 -(the list of commands pre)108 108 R .305(viously typed.)-.25 F .305 -(The v)5.305 F .304(alue of the)-.25 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTSIZE) -2.804 E F0 -.25(va)2.554 G .304(riable is used as the number of com-).25 -F .429(mands to sa)108 120 R .729 -.15(ve i)-.2 H 2.929(nah).15 G .429 -(istory list.)-2.929 F .429(The te)5.429 F .429(xt of the last)-.15 F F4 -(HISTSIZE)2.93 E F0 .43(commands $def)2.68 F .43(ault 500$ is sa)-.1 F --.15(ve)-.2 G 2.93(d. 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If) +.15 F F4(HISTFILE)2.697 E F0 .196(is unset, or if the history \214le is\ + unwritable, the history is not sa)2.447 F -.15(ve)-.2 G(d.).15 E .583 +(If the)108 292.8 R F4(HISTTIMEFORMA)3.083 E(T)-.855 E F0 -.25(va)2.834 G .584 (riable is set, time stamps are written to the history \214le, mark).25 -F .583(ed with the his-)-.1 F 1.147(tory comment character)108 304.8 R -3.647(,s)-.4 G 3.647(ot)-3.647 G(he)-3.647 E 3.647(ym)-.15 G 1.147 -(ay be preserv)-3.647 F 1.147(ed across shell sessions.)-.15 F 1.148 -(This uses the history comment)6.148 F 1.377 +F .584(ed with the his-)-.1 F 1.148(tory comment character)108 304.8 R +3.648(,s)-.4 G 3.648(ot)-3.648 G(he)-3.648 E 3.648(ym)-.15 G 1.147 +(ay be preserv)-3.648 F 1.147(ed across shell sessions.)-.15 F 1.147 +(This uses the history comment)6.147 F 1.376 (character to distinguish timestamps from other history lines.)108 316.8 -R 1.377(After sa)6.377 F 1.377(ving the history)-.2 F 3.876(,t)-.65 G -1.376(he history \214le is)-3.876 F .756 +R 1.377(After sa)6.377 F 1.377(ving the history)-.2 F 3.877(,t)-.65 G +1.377(he history \214le is)-3.877 F .757 (truncated to contain no more than)108 328.8 R F4(HISTFILESIZE)3.257 E F0 3.257(lines. If)3.007 F F4(HISTFILESIZE)3.257 E F0 .757 (is unset, or set to null, a non-)3.007 F(numeric v)108 340.8 Q (alue, or a numeric v)-.25 E -(alue less than zero, the history \214le is not truncated.)-.25 E 1.294 -(The b)108 357.6 R 1.294(uiltin command)-.2 F F2(fc)3.794 E F0($see) -3.794 E F4 1.293(SHELL B)3.794 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.293(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F -F0(belo)3.543 E 1.293(w$ may be used to list or edit and re-)-.25 F --.15(exe)108 369.6 S .673(cute a portion of the history list.).15 F(The) +(alue less than zero, the history \214le is not truncated.)-.25 E 1.293 +(The b)108 357.6 R 1.293(uiltin command)-.2 F F2(fc)3.793 E F0($see) +3.793 E F4 1.293(SHELL B)3.793 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.293(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F +F0(belo)3.543 E 1.294(w$ may be used to list or edit and re-)-.25 F +-.15(exe)108 369.6 S .674(cute a portion of the history list.).15 F(The) 5.673 E F2(history)3.173 E F0 -.2(bu)3.173 G .673 -(iltin may be used to display or modify the history list).2 F .28 +(iltin may be used to display or modify the history list).2 F .279 (and manipulate the history \214le.)108 381.6 R .279 (When using command-line editing, search commands are a)5.279 F -.25(va) --.2 G .279(ilable in each).25 F(editing mode that pro)108 393.6 Q -(vide access to the history list.)-.15 E 1.485(The shell allo)108 410.4 -R 1.485(ws control o)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.986(rw).15 G 1.486 +-.2 G .28(ilable in each).25 F(editing mode that pro)108 393.6 Q +(vide access to the history list.)-.15 E 1.486(The shell allo)108 410.4 +R 1.486(ws control o)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.986(rw).15 G 1.486 (hich commands are sa)-3.986 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.986(do).15 G 3.986(nt) --3.986 G 1.486(he history list.)-3.986 F(The)6.486 E F4(HISTCONTR)3.986 -E(OL)-.27 E F0(and)3.736 E F4(HISTIGNORE)108 422.4 Q F0 -.25(va)2.708 G -.458(riables may be set to cause the shell to sa).25 F .757 -.15(ve o) --.2 H .457(nly a subset of the commands entered.).15 F(The)5.457 E F2 +-3.986 G 1.486(he history list.)-3.986 F(The)6.485 E F4(HISTCONTR)3.985 +E(OL)-.27 E F0(and)3.735 E F4(HISTIGNORE)108 422.4 Q F0 -.25(va)2.707 G +.457(riables may be set to cause the shell to sa).25 F .758 -.15(ve o) +-.2 H .458(nly a subset of the commands entered.).15 F(The)5.458 E F2 (cmdhist)108 434.4 Q F0 .75 (shell option, if enabled, causes the shell to attempt to sa)3.25 F 1.05 -.15(ve e)-.2 H .75(ach line of a multi-line command in).15 F 1.077 (the same history entry)108 446.4 R 3.577(,a)-.65 G 1.077 (dding semicolons where necessary to preserv)-3.577 F 3.577(es)-.15 G -1.077(yntactic correctness.)-3.577 F(The)6.077 E F2(lithist)3.576 E F0 -.373(shell option causes the shell to sa)108 458.4 R .674 -.15(ve t)-.2 -H .374(he command with embedded ne).15 F .374 -(wlines instead of semicolons.)-.25 F .374(See the)5.374 F .319 -(description of the)108 470.4 R F2(shopt)2.819 E F0 -.2(bu)2.819 G .318 +1.077(yntactic correctness.)-3.577 F(The)6.077 E F2(lithist)3.577 E F0 +.374(shell option causes the shell to sa)108 458.4 R .674 -.15(ve t)-.2 +H .374(he command with embedded ne).15 F .373 +(wlines instead of semicolons.)-.25 F .373(See the)5.373 F .318 +(description of the)108 470.4 R F2(shopt)2.818 E F0 -.2(bu)2.818 G .318 (iltin belo).2 F 2.818(wu)-.25 G(nder)-2.818 E F4 .318(SHELL B)2.818 F -(UIL)-.09 E .318(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0 .318 +(UIL)-.09 E .318(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0 .319 (for information on setting and)2.568 F(unsetting shell options.)108 482.4 Q F1(HIST)72 499.2 Q(OR)-.197 E 2.738(YE)-.383 G(XP)-2.738 E -(ANSION)-.81 E F0 .61(The shell supports a history e)108 511.2 R .611 -(xpansion feature that is similar to the history e)-.15 F .611 -(xpansion in)-.15 F F2(csh.)3.111 E F0 .611(This section)5.611 F .871 +(ANSION)-.81 E F0 .611(The shell supports a history e)108 511.2 R .611 +(xpansion feature that is similar to the history e)-.15 F .61 +(xpansion in)-.15 F F2(csh.)3.11 E F0 .61(This section)5.61 F .87 (describes what syntax features are a)108 523.2 R -.25(va)-.2 G 3.371 -(ilable. This).25 F .871(feature is enabled by def)3.371 F .87 -(ault for interacti)-.1 F 1.17 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .87(hells, and).15 F -2.013(can be disabled using the)108 535.2 R F2(+H)4.514 E F0 2.014 +(ilable. This).25 F .871(feature is enabled by def)3.371 F .871 +(ault for interacti)-.1 F 1.171 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .871(hells, and).15 F +2.014(can be disabled using the)108 535.2 R F2(+H)4.514 E F0 2.014 (option to the)4.514 F F2(set)4.514 E F0 -.2(bu)4.514 G 2.014 -(iltin command $see).2 F F4 2.014(SHELL B)4.514 F(UIL)-.09 E 2.014 +(iltin command \(see).2 F F4 2.013(SHELL B)4.513 F(UIL)-.09 E 2.013 (TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)108 547.2 Q 2.5(w$. Non-interacti)-.25 F .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells do not perform history e).15 E -(xpansion by def)-.15 E(ault.)-.1 E 1.306(History e)108 564 R 1.306 +(xpansion by def)-.15 E(ault.)-.1 E 1.305(History e)108 564 R 1.305 (xpansions introduce w)-.15 F 1.306(ords from the history list into the\ - input stream, making it easy to repeat)-.1 F .209 -(commands, insert the ar)108 576 R .209(guments to a pre)-.18 F .21 + input stream, making it easy to repeat)-.1 F .21 +(commands, insert the ar)108 576 R .21(guments to a pre)-.18 F .209 (vious command into the current input line, or \214x errors in pre)-.25 -F(vious)-.25 E(commands quickly)108 588 Q(.)-.65 E 1.164(History e)108 +F(vious)-.25 E(commands quickly)108 588 Q(.)-.65 E 1.163(History e)108 604.8 R 1.163(xpansion is performed immediately after a complete line i\ s read, before the shell breaks it into)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 616.8 S 3.2 (rds. It).1 F(tak)3.2 E .7(es place in tw)-.1 F 3.2(op)-.1 G 3.2 (arts. The)-3.2 F .7 (\214rst is to determine which line from the history list to use during) -3.2 F 4.368(substitution. The)108 628.8 R 1.868(second is to select por\ -tions of that line for inclusion into the current one.)4.368 F 1.867 -(The line)6.867 F .662(selected from the history is the)108 640.8 R F3 --.15(ev)3.162 G(ent).15 E F0 3.162(,a)C .663 -(nd the portions of that line that are acted upon are)-3.162 F F3(wor) -3.163 E(ds)-.37 E F0 5.663(.V)C(arious)-6.773 E F3(modi\214er)108 652.8 -Q(s)-.1 E F0 .227(are a)2.727 F -.25(va)-.2 G .227 -(ilable to manipulate the selected w).25 F 2.727(ords. The)-.1 F .226 -(line is brok)2.726 F .226(en into w)-.1 F .226(ords in the same f)-.1 F -(ashion)-.1 E .351(as when reading input, so that se)108 664.8 R -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(ral).15 E F3(metac)2.852 E(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E F0 .352 -(-separated w)B .352(ords surrounded by quotes are considered)-.1 F .625 -(one w)108 676.8 R 3.125(ord. History)-.1 F -.15(ex)3.125 G .624 -(pansions are introduced by the appearance of the history e).15 F .624 -(xpansion character)-.15 F 3.124(,w)-.4 G(hich)-3.124 E(is)108 688.8 Q +3.2 F 4.367(substitution. The)108 628.8 R 1.868(second is to select por\ +tions of that line for inclusion into the current one.)4.367 F 1.868 +(The line)6.868 F .663(selected from the history is the)108 640.8 R F3 +-.15(ev)3.163 G(ent).15 E F0 3.163(,a)C .663 +(nd the portions of that line that are acted upon are)-3.163 F F3(wor) +3.162 E(ds)-.37 E F0 5.662(.V)C(arious)-6.772 E F3(modi\214er)108 652.8 +Q(s)-.1 E F0 .226(are a)2.726 F -.25(va)-.2 G .226 +(ilable to manipulate the selected w).25 F 2.726(ords. The)-.1 F .227 +(line is brok)2.726 F .227(en into w)-.1 F .227(ords in the same f)-.1 F +(ashion)-.1 E .352(as when reading input, so that se)108 664.8 R -.15 +(ve)-.25 G(ral).15 E F3(metac)2.852 E(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E F0 .351 +(-separated w)B .351(ords surrounded by quotes are considered)-.1 F .624 +(one w)108 676.8 R 3.124(ord. History)-.1 F -.15(ex)3.124 G .624 +(pansions are introduced by the appearance of the history e).15 F .625 +(xpansion character)-.15 F 3.125(,w)-.4 G(hich)-3.125 E(is)108 688.8 Q F2(!)3.333 E F0(by def)3.333 E 2.5(ault. Only)-.1 F(backslash $)2.5 E F2(\$.833 E F0 2.5(\)a).833 G(nd single quotes can quote the history e) -2.5 E(xpansion character)-.15 E(.)-.55 E(Se)108 705.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .03(ral characters inhibit history e).15 F .03 (xpansion if found immediately follo)-.15 F .03(wing the history e)-.25 F .03(xpansion character)-.15 F(,)-.4 E -2.15 -.25(ev e)108 717.6 T -3.163(ni).25 G 3.163(fi)-3.163 G 3.162(ti)-3.163 G 3.162(su)-3.162 G +3.162(ni).25 G 3.162(fi)-3.162 G 3.162(ti)-3.162 G 3.162(su)-3.162 G .662(nquoted: space, tab, ne)-3.162 F .662(wline, carriage return, and) -.25 F F2(=)3.162 E F0 5.662(.I)C 3.162(ft)-5.662 G(he)-3.162 E F2 -(extglob)3.162 E F0 .662(shell option is enabled,)3.162 F F2($)3.162 E -F0(will also inhibit e)108 729.6 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 -Q(2013 March 4)146.79 E(49)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +(extglob)3.162 E F0 .662(shell option is enabled,)3.162 F F2(\()3.163 E +F0(will also inhibit e)108 729.6 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 +Q(2013 September 2)138.455 E(49)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 50 50 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1$ B).35 F(ASH$1$) --.35 E(Se)108 84 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .109 +-.35 E(Se)108 84 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .11 (ral shell options settable with the).15 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(shopt) -2.609 E F0 -.2(bu)2.609 G .11(iltin may be used to tailor the beha).2 F -.11(vior of history e)-.2 F(xpansion.)-.15 E 1.143(If the)108 96 R F1 +2.61 E F0 -.2(bu)2.61 G .109(iltin may be used to tailor the beha).2 F +.109(vior of history e)-.2 F(xpansion.)-.15 E 1.142(If the)108 96 R F1 (histv)3.643 E(erify)-.1 E F0 1.143 (shell option is enabled $see the description of the)3.643 F F1(shopt) 3.643 E F0 -.2(bu)3.643 G 1.143(iltin belo).2 F 1.143(w$, and)-.25 F F1 --.18(re)3.643 G(adline).18 E F0(is)3.642 E .461(being used, history sub\ -stitutions are not immediately passed to the shell parser)108 108 R -5.461(.I)-.55 G .461(nstead, the e)-5.461 F .461(xpanded line)-.15 F -1.516(is reloaded into the)108 120 R F1 -.18(re)4.016 G(adline).18 E F0 -1.516(editing b)4.016 F(uf)-.2 E 1.516(fer for further modi\214cation.) --.25 F(If)6.516 E F1 -.18(re)4.015 G(adline).18 E F0 1.515 -(is being used, and the)4.015 F F1(histr)108 132 Q(eedit)-.18 E F0 1.202 +-.18(re)3.643 G(adline).18 E F0(is)3.643 E .461(being used, history sub\ +stitutions are not immediately passed to the shell parser)108 108 R 5.46 +(.I)-.55 G .46(nstead, the e)-5.46 F .46(xpanded line)-.15 F 1.515 +(is reloaded into the)108 120 R F1 -.18(re)4.015 G(adline).18 E F0 1.515 +(editing b)4.015 F(uf)-.2 E 1.516(fer for further modi\214cation.)-.25 F +(If)6.516 E F1 -.18(re)4.016 G(adline).18 E F0 1.516 +(is being used, and the)4.016 F F1(histr)108 132 Q(eedit)-.18 E F0 1.202 (shell option is enabled, a f)3.702 F 1.202 (ailed history substitution will be reloaded into the)-.1 F F1 -.18(re) 3.702 G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.702 E -.2(bu)108 144 S -.25(ff).2 G -1.161(er for correction.).25 F(The)6.161 E F13.661 E F0 1.161 -(option to the)3.661 F F1(history)3.661 E F0 -.2(bu)3.661 G 1.16 +1.16(er for correction.).25 F(The)6.16 E F13.66 E F0 1.16 +(option to the)3.66 F F1(history)3.66 E F0 -.2(bu)3.661 G 1.161 (iltin command may be used to see what a history).2 F -.15(ex)108 156 S -.055(pansion will do before using it.).15 F(The)5.055 E F12.555 E -F0 .055(option to the)2.555 F F1(history)2.556 E F0 -.2(bu)2.556 G .056 +.056(pansion will do before using it.).15 F(The)5.056 E F12.556 E +F0 .056(option to the)2.556 F F1(history)2.555 E F0 -.2(bu)2.555 G .055 (iltin may be used to add commands to the).2 F (end of the history list without actually e)108 168 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G (cuting them, so that the).15 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re a)-2.5 E -.25(va)-.2 G (ilable for subsequent recall.).25 E 2.2(The shell allo)108 184.8 R 2.2 (ws control of the v)-.25 F 2.2(arious characters used by the history e) --.25 F 2.2(xpansion mechanism $see the)-.15 F 1.146(description of)108 -196.8 R F1(histchars)3.646 E F0(abo)3.646 E 1.446 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder) -.15 E F1 1.146(Shell V)3.646 F(ariables)-.92 E F0 3.646($. 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The)B 1.146 (shell uses the history comment character to)3.646 F (mark history timestamps when writing the history \214le.)108 208.8 Q F1 -(Ev)87 225.6 Q(ent Designators)-.1 E F0 .205(An e)108 237.6 R -.15(ve) +(Ev)87 225.6 Q(ent Designators)-.1 E F0 .204(An e)108 237.6 R -.15(ve) -.25 G .204(nt designator is a reference to a command line entry in the\ - history list.).15 F .204(Unless the reference is abso-)5.204 F(lute, e) + history list.).15 F .205(Unless the reference is abso-)5.204 F(lute, e) 108 249.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(nts are relati).15 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.5 (ot).15 G(he current position in the history list.)-2.5 E F1(!)108 266.4 -Q F0 1.607(Start a history substitution, e)32.67 F 1.607 +Q F0 1.608(Start a history substitution, e)32.67 F 1.608 (xcept when follo)-.15 F 1.607(wed by a)-.25 F F1(blank)4.107 E F0 4.107 -(,n)C -.25(ew)-4.107 G 1.608(line, carriage return, = or $).25 F +(,n)C -.25(ew)-4.107 G 1.607(line, carriage return, = or \().25 F (\(when the)144 278.4 Q F1(extglob)2.5 E F0 (shell option is enabled using the)2.5 E F1(shopt)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G (iltin$.).2 E F1(!)108 290.4 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0 @@ -6003,186 +6022,189 @@ on in the history list starting with)9.33 F F2(string)144 338.4 Q F0(.) aining)144 362.4 R F2(string)144 374.4 Q F0 5(.T).22 G(he trailing)-5 E F1(?)2.5 E F0(may be omitted if)2.5 E F2(string)2.84 E F0(is follo)2.72 E(wed immediately by a ne)-.25 E(wline.)-.25 E/F3 12/Times-Bold@0 SF(^) -108 391.4 Q F2(string1)-5 I F3(^)5 I F2(string2)-5 I F3(^)5 I F0 .784 -(Quick substitution.)144 398.4 R .784(Repeat the pre)5.784 F .784 -(vious command, replacing)-.25 F F2(string1)3.624 E F0(with)3.283 E F2 -(string2)3.283 E F0 5.783(.E).02 G(qui)-5.783 E -.25(va)-.25 G .783 +108 391.4 Q F2(string1)-5 I F3(^)5 I F2(string2)-5 I F3(^)5 I F0 .783 +(Quick substitution.)144 398.4 R .783(Repeat the pre)5.783 F .784 +(vious command, replacing)-.25 F F2(string1)3.624 E F0(with)3.284 E F2 +(string2)3.284 E F0 5.784(.E).02 G(qui)-5.784 E -.25(va)-.25 G .784 (lent to).25 F -.74(``)144 410.4 S(!!:s/).74 E F2(string1)A F0(/)A F2 (string2)A F0(/')A 2.5('$)-.74 G(see)-2.5 E F1(Modi\214ers)2.5 E F0 (belo)2.5 E(w$.)-.25 E F1(!#)108 422.4 Q F0 (The entire command line typed so f)27.67 E(ar)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F1 -.75 -(Wo)87 439.2 S(rd Designators).75 E F0 -.8(Wo)108 451.2 S 1.313 +(Wo)87 439.2 S(rd Designators).75 E F0 -.8(Wo)108 451.2 S 1.314 (rd designators are used to select desired w).8 F 1.314(ords from the e) --.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.814(nt. A).15 F F1(:)3.814 E F0 1.314 -(separates the e)3.814 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.314(nt speci\214cation).15 F -.53(from the w)108 463.2 R .529(ord designator)-.1 F 5.529(.I)-.55 G +-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.814(nt. A).15 F F1(:)3.814 E F0 1.313 +(separates the e)3.813 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.313(nt speci\214cation).15 F +.529(from the w)108 463.2 R .529(ord designator)-.1 F 5.529(.I)-.55 G 3.029(tm)-5.529 G .529(ay be omitted if the w)-3.029 F .529 (ord designator be)-.1 F .529(gins with a)-.15 F F1(^)3.029 E F0(,)A F1 ($)3.029 E F0(,)A F1(*)3.029 E F0(,)A F13.029 E F0 3.029(,o)C(r) --3.029 E F1(%)3.029 E F0 5.529(.W)C(ords)-6.329 E 1.3 -(are numbered from the be)108 475.2 R 1.3 -(ginning of the line, with the \214rst w)-.15 F 1.301 -(ord being denoted by 0 $zero$.)-.1 F -.8(Wo)6.301 G 1.301(rds are).8 -F(inserted into the current line separated by single spaces.)108 487.2 Q +-3.029 E F1(%)3.029 E F0 5.53(.W)C(ords)-6.33 E 1.301 +(are numbered from the be)108 475.2 R 1.301 +(ginning of the line, with the \214rst w)-.15 F 1.3 +(ord being denoted by 0 $zero$.)-.1 F -.8(Wo)6.3 G 1.3(rds are).8 F +(inserted into the current line separated by single spaces.)108 487.2 Q F1 2.5(0$)108 504 S(zer)-2.5 E(o$)-.18 E F0(The zeroth w)144 516 Q 2.5 (ord. F)-.1 F(or the shell, this is the command w)-.15 E(ord.)-.1 E F2 (n)108.36 528 Q F0(The)30.64 E F2(n)2.5 E F0(th w)A(ord.)-.1 E F1(^)108 540 Q F0(The \214rst ar)32.67 E 2.5(gument. That)-.18 F(is, w)2.5 E -(ord 1.)-.1 E F1($)108 552 Q F0(The last ar)31 E(gument.)-.18 E F1(%)108 -564 Q F0(The w)26 E(ord matched by the most recent `?)-.1 E F2(string)A -F0(?' search.)A F2(x)108.77 576 Q F1A F2(y)A F0 2.5(Ar)20.65 G -(ange of w)-2.5 E(ords; `\255)-.1 E F2(y)A F0 2.5('a)C(bbre)-2.5 E -(viates `0\255)-.25 E F2(y)A F0('.)A F1(*)108 588 Q F0 .316 +(ord 1.)-.1 E F1($)108 552 Q F0 .063(The last w)31 F 2.563(ord. This)-.1 +F .063(is usually the last ar)2.563 F .064(gument, b)-.18 F .064 +(ut will e)-.2 F .064(xpand to the zeroth w)-.15 F .064 +(ord if there is only)-.1 F(one w)144 564 Q(ord in the line.)-.1 E F1(%) +108 576 Q F0(The w)26 E(ord matched by the most recent `?)-.1 E F2 +(string)A F0(?' search.)A F2(x)108.77 588 Q F1A F2(y)A F0 2.5(Ar) +20.65 G(ange of w)-2.5 E(ords; `\255)-.1 E F2(y)A F0 2.5('a)C(bbre)-2.5 +E(viates `0\255)-.25 E F2(y)A F0('.)A F1(*)108 600 Q F0 .316 (All of the w)31 F .316(ords b)-.1 F .316(ut the zeroth.)-.2 F .315 (This is a synon)5.315 F .315(ym for `)-.15 F F2(1\255$)A F0 2.815 ('. It)B .315(is not an error to use)2.815 F F1(*)2.815 E F0 .315 -(if there is)2.815 F(just one w)144 600 Q(ord in the e)-.1 E -.15(ve) +(if there is)2.815 F(just one w)144 612 Q(ord in the e)-.1 E -.15(ve) -.25 G(nt; the empty string is returned in that case.).15 E F1(x*)108 -612 Q F0(Abbre)26 E(viates)-.25 E F2(x\255$)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<78ad>108 624 +624 Q F0(Abbre)26 E(viates)-.25 E F2(x\255$)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<78ad>108 636 Q F0(Abbre)25.3 E(viates)-.25 E F2(x\255$)2.5 E F0(lik)2.5 E(e)-.1 E F1 (x*)2.5 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut omits the last w)-2.7 E(ord.)-.1 E(If a w)108 -640.8 Q(ord designator is supplied without an e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G +652.8 Q(ord designator is supplied without an e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G (nt speci\214cation, the pre).15 E(vious command is used as the e)-.25 E --.15(ve)-.25 G(nt.).15 E F1(Modi\214ers)87 657.6 Q F0 .183 -(After the optional w)108 669.6 R .183(ord designator)-.1 F 2.683(,t)-.4 +-.15(ve)-.25 G(nt.).15 E F1(Modi\214ers)87 669.6 Q F0 .183 +(After the optional w)108 681.6 R .183(ord designator)-.1 F 2.683(,t)-.4 G .184(here may appear a sequence of one or more of the follo)-2.683 F -.184(wing modi\214ers,)-.25 F(each preceded by a `:'.)108 681.6 Q F1(h) -108 698.4 Q F0(Remo)30.44 E .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H -(railing \214lename component, lea).15 E(ving only the head.)-.2 E F1(t) -108 710.4 Q F0(Remo)32.67 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.15 H -(ll leading \214lename components, lea).15 E(ving the tail.)-.2 E -(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2013 March 4)146.79 E(50)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +.184(wing modi\214ers,)-.25 F(each preceded by a `:'.)108 693.6 Q F1(h) +108 710.4 Q F0(Remo)30.44 E .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H +(railing \214lename component, lea).15 E(ving only the head.)-.2 E +(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2013 September 2)138.455 E(50)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 51 51 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH$1$ B).35 F(ASH$1$) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(r)108 84 Q F0(Remo)31.56 E .3 -.15(ve a t) --.15 H(railing suf).15 E(\214x of the form)-.25 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 -SF(.xxx)2.5 E F0 2.5(,l)C(ea)-2.5 E(ving the basename.)-.2 E F1(e)108 96 -Q F0(Remo)31.56 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.15 H(ll b).15 E(ut the trailing suf)-.2 -E(\214x.)-.25 E F1(p)108 108 Q F0(Print the ne)30.44 E 2.5(wc)-.25 G -(ommand b)-2.5 E(ut do not e)-.2 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cute it.).15 E F1(q) -108 120 Q F0(Quote the substituted w)30.44 E -(ords, escaping further substitutions.)-.1 E F1(x)108 132 Q F0 -(Quote the substituted w)31 E(ords as with)-.1 E F1(q)2.5 E F0 2.5(,b)C -(ut break into w)-2.7 E(ords at)-.1 E F1(blanks)2.5 E F0(and ne)2.5 E -(wlines.)-.25 E F1(s/)108 144 Q F2(old)A F1(/)A F2(ne)A(w)-.15 E F1(/)A -F0(Substitute)144 156 Q F2(ne)3.082 E(w)-.15 E F0 .221 -(for the \214rst occurrence of)3.032 F F2(old)2.951 E F0 .221(in the e) -3.491 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .221(nt line.).15 F(An)5.221 E 2.721(yd)-.15 G -.221(elimiter can be used in place)-2.721 F .616(of /.)144 168 R .617 +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(t)108 84 Q F0(Remo)32.67 E .3 -.15(ve a) +-.15 H(ll leading \214lename components, lea).15 E(ving the tail.)-.2 E +F1(r)108 96 Q F0(Remo)31.56 E .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H(railing suf).15 E +(\214x of the form)-.25 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(.xxx)2.5 E F0 2.5(,l)C +(ea)-2.5 E(ving the basename.)-.2 E F1(e)108 108 Q F0(Remo)31.56 E .3 +-.15(ve a)-.15 H(ll b).15 E(ut the trailing suf)-.2 E(\214x.)-.25 E F1 +(p)108 120 Q F0(Print the ne)30.44 E 2.5(wc)-.25 G(ommand b)-2.5 E +(ut do not e)-.2 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cute it.).15 E F1(q)108 132 Q F0 +(Quote the substituted w)30.44 E(ords, escaping further substitutions.) +-.1 E F1(x)108 144 Q F0(Quote the substituted w)31 E(ords as with)-.1 E +F1(q)2.5 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut break into w)-2.7 E(ords at)-.1 E F1(blanks) +2.5 E F0(and ne)2.5 E(wlines.)-.25 E F1(s/)108 156 Q F2(old)A F1(/)A F2 +(ne)A(w)-.15 E F1(/)A F0(Substitute)144 168 Q F2(ne)3.082 E(w)-.15 E F0 +.221(for the \214rst occurrence of)3.032 F F2(old)2.951 E F0 .221 +(in the e)3.491 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .221(nt line.).15 F(An)5.221 E 2.721 +(yd)-.15 G .221(elimiter can be used in place)-2.721 F .616(of /.)144 +180 R .617 (The \214nal delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the e) 5.616 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .617(nt line.).15 F .617(The delimiter may)5.617 -F .666(be quoted in)144 180 R F2(old)3.396 E F0(and)3.936 E F2(ne)3.526 +F .666(be quoted in)144 192 R F2(old)3.396 E F0(and)3.936 E F2(ne)3.526 E(w)-.15 E F0 .666(with a single backslash.)3.476 F .666 (If & appears in)5.666 F F2(ne)3.166 E(w)-.15 E F0 3.166(,i).31 G 3.166 (ti)-3.166 G 3.166(sr)-3.166 G .666(eplaced by)-3.166 F F2(old)3.166 E -F0 5.666(.A).77 G .274(single backslash will quote the &.)144 192 R(If) +F0 5.666(.A).77 G .274(single backslash will quote the &.)144 204 R(If) 5.274 E F2(old)3.004 E F0 .274(is null, it is set to the last)3.544 F F2 (old)3.005 E F0 .275(substituted, or)3.545 F 2.775(,i)-.4 G 2.775(fn) -2.775 G 2.775(op)-2.775 G(re)-2.775 E(vi-)-.25 E -(ous history substitutions took place, the last)144 204 Q F2(string)2.84 +(ous history substitutions took place, the last)144 216 Q F2(string)2.84 E F0(in a)2.72 E F1(!?)2.5 E F2(string)A F1([?])A F0(search.)5 E F1(&) -108 216 Q F0(Repeat the pre)27.67 E(vious substitution.)-.25 E F1(g)108 -228 Q F0 .398(Cause changes to be applied o)31 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.898 +108 228 Q F0(Repeat the pre)27.67 E(vious substitution.)-.25 E F1(g)108 +240 Q F0 .398(Cause changes to be applied o)31 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.898 (rt).15 G .398(he entire e)-2.898 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .398(nt line.).15 F .397(This is used in conjunction with `)5.398 F F1(:s)A F0 2.897('$)C -(e.g.,)-2.897 E(`)144 240 Q F1(:gs/)A F2(old)A F1(/)A F2(ne)A(w)-.15 E +(e.g.,)-2.897 E(`)144 252 Q F1(:gs/)A F2(old)A F1(/)A F2(ne)A(w)-.15 E F1(/)A F0 1.218('$ or `)B F1(:&)A F0 3.718('. If)B 1.218(used with `) 3.718 F F1(:s)A F0 1.218(', an)B 3.718(yd)-.15 G 1.219 (elimiter can be used in place of /, and the \214nal)-3.718 F .09 -(delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the e)144 252 R +(delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the e)144 264 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .089(nt line.).15 F(An)5.089 E F1(a)2.589 E F0 .089 -(may be used as a synon)2.589 F .089(ym for)-.15 F F1(g)144 264 Q F0(.)A -F1(G)108 276 Q F0(Apply the follo)28.22 E(wing `)-.25 E F1(s)A F0 2.5 +(may be used as a synon)2.589 F .089(ym for)-.15 F F1(g)144 276 Q F0(.)A +F1(G)108 288 Q F0(Apply the follo)28.22 E(wing `)-.25 E F1(s)A F0 2.5 ('m)C(odi\214er once to each w)-2.5 E(ord in the e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -(nt line.).15 E/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)72 292.8 Q(UIL)-.11 E -(TIN COMMANDS)-1.007 E F0 .062(Unless otherwise noted, each b)108 304.8 +(nt line.).15 E/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)72 304.8 Q(UIL)-.11 E +(TIN COMMANDS)-1.007 E F0 .062(Unless otherwise noted, each b)108 316.8 R .062(uiltin command documented in this section as accepting options p\ -receded by)-.2 F F1108 316.8 Q F0(accepts)2.534 E F12.534 E F0 +receded by)-.2 F F1108 328.8 Q F0(accepts)2.534 E F12.534 E F0 .034(to signify the end of the options.)2.534 F(The)5.034 E F1(:)2.534 E F0(,)A F1(true)2.534 E F0(,)A F1(false)2.534 E F0 2.534(,a)C(nd)-2.534 E F1(test)2.534 E F0 -.2(bu)2.534 G .033(iltins do not accept options and) -.2 F .077(do not treat)108 328.8 R F12.577 E F0(specially)2.577 E +.2 F .077(do not treat)108 340.8 R F12.577 E F0(specially)2.577 E 5.077(.T)-.65 G(he)-5.077 E F1(exit)2.577 E F0(,)A F1(logout)2.577 E F0 (,)A F1(br)2.577 E(eak)-.18 E F0(,)A F1(continue)2.577 E F0(,)A F1(let) 2.577 E F0 2.577(,a)C(nd)-2.577 E F1(shift)2.577 E F0 -.2(bu)2.577 G -.077(iltins accept and process ar).2 F(gu-)-.18 E .32(ments be)108 340.8 +.077(iltins accept and process ar).2 F(gu-)-.18 E .32(ments be)108 352.8 R .32(ginning with)-.15 F F12.82 E F0 .32(without requiring)2.82 F F12.82 E F0 5.319(.O)C .319(ther b)-5.319 F .319 (uiltins that accept ar)-.2 F .319(guments b)-.18 F .319 (ut are not speci\214ed as)-.2 F 1.143(accepting options interpret ar) -108 352.8 R 1.143(guments be)-.18 F 1.143(ginning with)-.15 F F1 +108 364.8 R 1.143(guments be)-.18 F 1.143(ginning with)-.15 F F1 3.643 E F0 1.143(as in)3.643 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.143 (lid options and require).25 F F13.644 E F0 1.144(to pre)3.644 F --.15(ve)-.25 G 1.144(nt this).15 F(interpretation.)108 364.8 Q F1(:)108 -382.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .452(No ef)144 394.8 R +-.15(ve)-.25 G 1.144(nt this).15 F(interpretation.)108 376.8 Q F1(:)108 +394.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .452(No ef)144 406.8 R .452(fect; the command does nothing be)-.25 F .452(yond e)-.15 F (xpanding)-.15 E F2(ar)3.282 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .451(and performing an) 3.221 F 2.951(ys)-.15 G(peci\214ed)-2.951 E 2.5(redirections. A)144 -406.8 R(zero e)2.5 E(xit code is returned.)-.15 E F1(.)110.5 423.6 Q F2 +418.8 R(zero e)2.5 E(xit code is returned.)-.15 E F1(.)110.5 435.6 Q F2 (\214lename)6.666 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A F1(sour)108 -435.6 Q(ce)-.18 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E -F0(])A 1.02(Read and e)144 447.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.02 +447.6 Q(ce)-.18 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E +F0(])A 1.02(Read and e)144 459.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.02 (cute commands from).15 F F2(\214lename)5.43 E F0 1.02 (in the current shell en)3.7 F 1.02(vironment and return the e)-.4 F -(xit)-.15 E 1.458(status of the last command e)144 459.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 +(xit)-.15 E 1.458(status of the last command e)144 471.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.458(cuted from).15 F F2(\214lename)3.958 E F0 6.458(.I).18 G(f) -6.458 E F2(\214lename)5.868 E F0 1.458 -(does not contain a slash, \214le-)4.138 F .608(names in)144 471.6 R/F4 +(does not contain a slash, \214le-)4.138 F .608(names in)144 483.6 R/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .608 (are used to \214nd the directory containing)2.858 F F2(\214lename)3.108 E F0 5.608(.T).18 G .608(he \214le searched for in)-5.608 F F4 -.666(PA) -3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .833(need not be e)144 483.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G +3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .833(need not be e)144 495.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.333(cutable. When).15 F F1(bash)3.333 E F0 .832(is not in)3.333 F F2 .832(posix mode)3.332 F F0 3.332(,t)C .832 (he current directory is searched if no)-3.332 F .981 -(\214le is found in)144 495.6 R F4 -.666(PA)3.481 G(TH)-.189 E/F5 9 +(\214le is found in)144 507.6 R F4 -.666(PA)3.481 G(TH)-.189 E/F5 9 /Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .981(If the)5.481 F F1(sour)3.481 E(cepath)-.18 E F0 .981(option to the)3.481 F F1(shopt)3.481 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981 (iltin command is turned of).2 F .982(f, the)-.25 F F4 -.666(PA)144 -507.6 S(TH)-.189 E F0 .112(is not searched.)2.363 F .112(If an)5.112 F +519.6 S(TH)-.189 E F0 .112(is not searched.)2.363 F .112(If an)5.112 F (y)-.15 E F2(ar)2.612 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .112(are supplied, the)2.612 F 2.612(yb)-.15 G .112(ecome the positional parameters when)-2.612 F F2 -(\214lename)144 519.6 Q F0 .341(is e)2.841 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.841 +(\214lename)144 531.6 Q F0 .341(is e)2.841 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.841 (cuted. Otherwise).15 F .341(the positional parameters are unchanged.) 2.841 F .342(The return status is the)5.342 F .716 -(status of the last command e)144 531.6 R .716 +(status of the last command e)144 543.6 R .716 (xited within the script $0 if no commands are e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -.716(cuted$, and f).15 F .715(alse if)-.1 F F2(\214lename)145.91 543.6 -Q F0(is not found or cannot be read.)2.68 E F1(alias)108 560.4 Q F0([) +.716(cuted\), and f).15 F .715(alse if)-.1 F F2(\214lename)145.91 555.6 +Q F0(is not found or cannot be read.)2.68 E F1(alias)108 572.4 Q F0([) 2.5 E F1A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].) -C(..])-2.5 E F1(Alias)144 572.4 Q F0 2.724(with no ar)5.224 F 2.724 +C(..])-2.5 E F1(Alias)144 584.4 Q F0 2.724(with no ar)5.224 F 2.724 (guments or with the)-.18 F F15.224 E F0 2.724 (option prints the list of aliases in the form)5.224 F F1(alias)5.225 E -F2(name)144 584.4 Q F0(=)A F2(value)A F0 .58(on standard output.)3.08 F +F2(name)144 596.4 Q F0(=)A F2(value)A F0 .58(on standard output.)3.08 F .58(When ar)5.58 F .58 (guments are supplied, an alias is de\214ned for each)-.18 F F2(name) -3.08 E F0(whose)144 596.4 Q F2(value)2.895 E F0 .395(is gi)2.895 F -.15 +3.08 E F0(whose)144 608.4 Q F2(value)2.895 E F0 .395(is gi)2.895 F -.15 (ve)-.25 G 2.895(n. A).15 F .395(trailing space in)2.895 F F2(value) 5.395 E F0 .395(causes the ne)2.895 F .395(xt w)-.15 F .395 (ord to be check)-.1 F .395(ed for alias sub-)-.1 F .054 -(stitution when the alias is e)144 608.4 R 2.554(xpanded. F)-.15 F .054 +(stitution when the alias is e)144 620.4 R 2.554(xpanded. 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The)180 508.8 R(lo)2.5 E(wer)-.25 E(-case attrib)-.2 E -(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F1144 520.8 Q F0(Mark)25.3 E F2(name)2.5 E -F0 2.5(sf)C(or e)-2.5 E(xport to subsequent commands via the en)-.15 E -(vironment.)-.4 E .121(Using `+' instead of `\255' turns of)144 537.6 R -2.621(ft)-.25 G .121(he attrib)-2.621 F .121(ute instead, with the e)-.2 -F .12(xceptions that)-.15 F F1(+a)2.62 E F0 .12(may not be used)2.62 F -.644(to destro)144 549.6 R 3.144(ya)-.1 G 3.144(na)-3.144 G .644(rray v) --3.144 F .644(ariable and)-.25 F F1(+r)3.145 E F0 .645(will not remo) -3.145 F .945 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .645(he readonly attrib).15 F 3.145 -(ute. When)-.2 F .645(used in a func-)3.145 F(tion,)144 561.6 Q F1 +(-case characters are con)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .909(rted to upper).15 F +(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 520.8 R(lo)2.5 E(wer)-.25 E(-case attrib)-.2 +E(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F1144 532.8 Q F0(Mark)25.3 E F2(name)2.5 +E F0 2.5(sf)C(or e)-2.5 E(xport to subsequent commands via the en)-.15 E +(vironment.)-.4 E .12(Using `+' instead of `\255' turns of)144 549.6 R +2.62(ft)-.25 G .12(he attrib)-2.62 F .121(ute instead, with the e)-.2 F +.121(xceptions that)-.15 F F1(+a)2.621 E F0 .121(may not be used)2.621 F +.645(to destro)144 561.6 R 3.145(ya)-.1 G 3.145(na)-3.145 G .645(rray v) +-3.145 F .645(ariable and)-.25 F F1(+r)3.145 E F0 .645(will not remo) +3.145 F .945 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .645(he readonly attrib).15 F 3.144 +(ute. When)-.2 F .644(used in a func-)3.144 F(tion,)144 573.6 Q F1 (declar)2.835 E(e)-.18 E F0(and)2.835 E F1(typeset)2.835 E F0(mak)2.835 E 2.835(ee)-.1 G(ach)-2.835 E F2(name)2.835 E F0 .335 (local, as with the)2.835 F F1(local)2.835 E F0 .335 -(command, unless the)2.835 F F12.835 E F0(option)2.835 E .133 -(is supplied.)144 573.6 R .133(If a v)5.133 F .133 +(command, unless the)2.835 F F12.835 E F0(option)2.835 E .134 +(is supplied.)144 585.6 R .134(If a v)5.134 F .134 (ariable name is follo)-.25 F .134(wed by =)-.25 F F2(value)A F0 2.634 -(,t)C .134(he v)-2.634 F .134(alue of the v)-.25 F .134 -(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(value)2.634 E F0 5.134(.T)C(he)-5.134 E -.801(return v)144 585.6 R .801(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 -G .8 +(,t)C .134(he v)-2.634 F .134(alue of the v)-.25 F .133 +(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(value)2.633 E F0 5.133(.T)C(he)-5.133 E .8 +(return v)144 597.6 R .8(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G +.801 (lid option is encountered, an attempt is made to de\214ne a function) -.25 F(using)144 597.6 Q/F5 10/Courier@0 SF 1.038(\255f foo=bar)3.538 F -F0 3.538(,a)C 3.538(na)-3.538 G 1.038(ttempt is made to assign a v) --3.538 F 1.038(alue to a readonly v)-.25 F 1.039(ariable, an attempt is) --.25 F .974(made to assign a v)144 609.6 R .974(alue to an array v)-.25 +.25 F(using)144 609.6 Q/F5 10/Courier@0 SF 1.039(\255f foo=bar)3.539 F +F0 3.539(,a)C 3.539(na)-3.539 G 1.038(ttempt is made to assign a v) +-3.539 F 1.038(alue to a readonly v)-.25 F 1.038(ariable, an attempt is) +-.25 F .974(made to assign a v)144 621.6 R .974(alue to an array v)-.25 F .974(ariable without using the compound assignment syntax $see)-.25 F -F1(Arrays)144 621.6 Q F0(abo)2.86 E -.15(ve)-.15 G .36($, one of the) +F1(Arrays)144 633.6 Q F0(abo)2.86 E -.15(ve)-.15 G .36(\), one of the) .15 F F2(names)2.86 E F0 .36(is not a v)2.86 F .36(alid shell v)-.25 F -.36(ariable name, an attempt is made to turn of)-.25 F(f)-.25 E .057 -(readonly status for a readonly v)144 633.6 R .057 -(ariable, an attempt is made to turn of)-.25 F 2.556(fa)-.25 G .056 -(rray status for an array v)-2.556 F(ari-)-.25 E -(able, or an attempt is made to display a non-e)144 645.6 Q +.36(ariable name, an attempt is made to turn of)-.25 F(f)-.25 E .056 +(readonly status for a readonly v)144 645.6 R .057 +(ariable, an attempt is made to turn of)-.25 F 2.557(fa)-.25 G .057 +(rray status for an array v)-2.557 F(ari-)-.25 E +(able, or an attempt is made to display a non-e)144 657.6 Q (xistent function with)-.15 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -(dirs [\255clpv] [+)108 662.4 Q F2(n)A F1 2.5(][)C-2.5 E F2(n)A F1 -(])A F0 -.4(Wi)144 674.4 S .328 +(dirs [\255clpv] [+)108 674.4 Q F2(n)A F1 2.5(][)C-2.5 E F2(n)A F1 +(])A F0 -.4(Wi)144 686.4 S .329 (thout options, displays the list of currently remembered directories.) -.4 F .329(The def)5.329 F .329(ault display is on a)-.1 F 1.238 -(single line with directory names separated by spaces.)144 686.4 R 1.238 -(Directories are added to the list with the)6.238 F F1(pushd)144 698.4 Q +.4 F .328(The def)5.328 F .328(ault display is on a)-.1 F 1.238 +(single line with directory names separated by spaces.)144 698.4 R 1.238 +(Directories are added to the list with the)6.238 F F1(pushd)144 710.4 Q F0(command; the)2.5 E F1(popd)2.5 E F0(command remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G -2.5(se).15 G(ntries from the list.)-2.5 E F1144 710.4 Q F0 -(Clears the directory stack by deleting all of the entries.)25.86 E -(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2013 March 4)146.79 E(56)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +2.5(se).15 G(ntries from the list.)-2.5 E(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q +(2013 September 2)138.455 E(56)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 57 57 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH$1$ B).35 F(ASH$1$) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF144 84 Q F0 .881 -(Produces a listing using full pathnames; the def)27.52 F .882 -(ault listing format uses a tilde to denote)-.1 F(the home directory)180 -96 Q(.)-.65 E F1144 108 Q F0 +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF144 84 Q F0 +(Clears the directory stack by deleting all of the entries.)25.86 E F1 +144 96 Q F0 .882(Produces a listing using full pathnames; the def) +27.52 F .881(ault listing format uses a tilde to denote)-.1 F +(the home directory)180 108 Q(.)-.65 E F1144 120 Q F0 (Print the directory stack with one entry per line.)24.74 E F1144 -120 Q F0 .273(Print the directory stack with one entry per line, pre\ -\214xing each entry with its inde)25.3 F 2.772(xi)-.15 G 2.772(nt)-2.772 -G(he)-2.772 E(stack.)180 132 Q F1(+)144 144 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n) -A F0 1.564(Displays the)25.3 F F2(n)4.064 E F0 1.565 -(th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.565(wn by)-.25 F F1 -(dirs)4.065 E F0 1.565(when in)4.065 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E -(without options, starting with zero.)180 156 Q F1144 168 Q F2(n)A +132 Q F0 .272(Print the directory stack with one entry per line, pre\ +\214xing each entry with its inde)25.3 F 2.773(xi)-.15 G 2.773(nt)-2.773 +G(he)-2.773 E(stack.)180 144 Q F1(+)144 156 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n) +A F0 1.565(Displays the)25.3 F F2(n)4.065 E F0 1.565 +(th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.564(wn by)-.25 F F1 +(dirs)4.064 E F0 1.564(when in)4.064 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E +(without options, starting with zero.)180 168 Q F1144 180 Q F2(n)A F0 1.194(Displays the)25.3 F F2(n)3.694 E F0 1.194 (th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.194(wn by)-.25 F F1(dirs)3.694 E F0 1.194(when in)3.694 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E -(without options, starting with zero.)180 180 Q .257(The return v)144 -196.8 R .258(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .258 +(without options, starting with zero.)180 192 Q .258(The return v)144 +208.8 R .258(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .258 (lid option is supplied or).25 F F2(n)2.758 E F0(inde)2.758 E -.15(xe) -.15 G 2.758(sb).15 G -.15(ey)-2.758 G .258(ond the end of the direc-) -.15 F(tory stack.)144 208.8 Q F1(diso)108 225.6 Q(wn)-.1 E F0([)2.5 E F1 +.15 F(tory stack.)144 220.8 Q F1(diso)108 237.6 Q(wn)-.1 E F0([)2.5 E F1 (\255ar)A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(jobspec)-2.5 E F0 -(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 237.6 S .122(thout options, remo).4 F .422 -.15 +(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 249.6 S .121(thout options, remo).4 F .422 -.15 (ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(jobspec)4.362 E F0 .122 (from the table of acti)2.932 F .422 -.15(ve j)-.25 H 2.622(obs. 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The)-.25 F .424(return status is 0 unless a write)2.924 F .307 (error occurs.)144 350.4 R(If)5.307 E F12.807 E F0 .307 (is speci\214ed, the trailing ne)2.807 F .308(wline is suppressed.)-.25 @@ -6874,8 +6893,8 @@ G(TH)-.189 E F0 .081(instead of the shell b)144 715.2 R .081(uiltin v) (option means to load the ne)2.58 F(w)-.25 E -.2(bu)144 727.2 S 1.524 (iltin command).2 F F2(name)4.384 E F0 1.524(from shared object)4.204 F F2(\214lename)4.024 E F0 4.024(,o).18 G 4.024(ns)-4.024 G 1.524 -(ystems that support dynamic loading.)-4.024 F(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q -(2013 March 4)146.79 E(57)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +(ystems that support dynamic loading.)-4.024 F(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q +(2013 September 2)138.455 E(57)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 58 58 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -7016,8 +7035,8 @@ E(st)-.1 E F0(abo)2.847 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.347(.A).15 G .347 3.665 G(c)-7.165 E F0 1.165(runs the last command be)3.665 F 1.166 (ginning with)-.15 F F4(cc)3.666 E F0 1.166(and typing)3.666 F F4(r) 3.666 E F0(re-e)3.666 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.166(cutes the last com-).15 F -(mand.)144 720 Q(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2013 March 4)146.79 E(58)195.95 E -0 Cg EP +(mand.)144 720 Q(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2013 September 2)138.455 E(58) +187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 59 59 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -7146,8 +7165,8 @@ F1(name)3.203 E F0(ar)3.203 E(guments)-.18 E .795(are supplied with)144 710.4 R .934(If no ar)5.934 F .934(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .934(n, or if).15 F(only)144 722.4 Q F22.821 E F0 .321 (is supplied, information about remembered commands is printed.)2.821 F -.322(The return status is true)5.322 F(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q -(2013 March 4)146.79 E(59)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +.322(The return status is true)5.322 F(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q +(2013 September 2)138.455 E(59)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 60 60 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -7250,8 +7269,8 @@ E F0(... ])2.5 E(The \214rst form lists the acti)144 636 Q .3 -.15(ve j) (Display only stopped jobs.)26.41 E(If)144 724.8 Q F1(jobspec)4.553 E F0 .313(is gi)3.123 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .313 (n, output is restricted to information about that job).15 F 5.314(.T) --.4 G .314(he return status is 0 unless)-5.314 F(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q -(2013 March 4)146.79 E(60)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +-.4 G .314(he return status is 0 unless)-5.314 F(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q +(2013 September 2)138.455 E(60)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 61 61 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -7383,8 +7402,8 @@ F2(popd)108 648 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F2(n)A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F1(n)A F0 F(wing)-.25 E(meanings:)144 684 Q F2144 696 Q F0 .551 (Suppresses the normal change of directory when remo)24.74 F .551 (ving directories from the stack, so)-.15 F -(that only the stack is manipulated.)180 708 Q(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q -(2013 March 4)146.79 E(61)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +(that only the stack is manipulated.)180 708 Q(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q +(2013 September 2)138.455 E(61)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 62 62 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -7501,7 +7520,8 @@ F1(pushd)2.988 E F0 1.039(returns 0 unless the cd to)144 712.8 R F2(dir) -.4 F F1(pushd)3.54 E F0 1.04(returns 0 unless the directory)3.54 F .847 (stack is empty)144 724.8 R 3.347(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-3.347 E .847(xistent\ directory stack element is speci\214ed, or the directory change to the) --.15 F(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2013 March 4)146.79 E(62)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +-.15 F(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2013 September 2)138.455 E(62)187.615 E 0 +Cg EP %%Page: 63 63 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -7538,1316 +7558,1330 @@ F0(,).18 E .42(and so on, with lefto)144 225.6 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.92(rw) (ening separators assigned to the last)-.15 F F2(name)2.92 E F0 5.42(.I) .18 G 2.92(ft)-5.42 G(here)-2.92 E .541(are fe)144 237.6 R .541(wer w) -.25 F .541(ords read from the input stream than names, the remaining n\ -ames are assigned empty)-.1 F -.25(va)144 249.6 S 2.51(lues. The).25 F -.011(characters in)2.511 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)2.511 E F0 .011 -(are used to split the line into w)2.261 F 2.511(ords. The)-.1 F .011 -(backslash character $)2.511 F F1(\$A F0 2.511(\)m)C(ay)-2.511 E 1.891 -(be used to remo)144 261.6 R 2.191 -.15(ve a)-.15 H 2.191 -.15(ny s).15 -H 1.891(pecial meaning for the ne).15 F 1.89 -(xt character read and for line continuation.)-.15 F -(Options, if supplied, ha)144 273.6 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E -(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1144 285.6 Q F2(aname)2.5 E F0 1.049 -(The w)180 297.6 R 1.049 +ames are assigned empty)-.1 F -.25(va)144 249.6 S 3.357(lues. The).25 F +.857(characters in)3.357 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)3.357 E F0 .857 +(are used to split the line into w)3.107 F .857 +(ords using the same rules the shell)-.1 F .754(uses for e)144 261.6 R +.753(xpansion $described abo)-.15 F 1.053 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E +F1 -.75(Wo)3.253 G .753(rd Splitting).75 F F0 3.253($. The)B .753 +(backslash character $)3.253 F F1(\$A F0 3.253(\)m)C .753(ay be)-3.253 +F .075(used to remo)144 273.6 R .375 -.15(ve a)-.15 H .375 -.15(ny s).15 +H .075(pecial meaning for the ne).15 F .076 +(xt character read and for line continuation.)-.15 F(Options,)5.076 E +(if supplied, ha)144 285.6 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E +(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1144 297.6 Q F2(aname)2.5 E F0 1.05(The w) +180 309.6 R 1.049 (ords are assigned to sequential indices of the array v)-.1 F(ariable) --.25 E F2(aname)3.55 E F0 3.55(,s).18 G 1.05(tarting at 0.)-3.55 F F2 -(aname)180.33 309.6 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68 E 2.5(yn)-.15 G .5 -.25 -(ew va)-2.5 H(lues are assigned.).25 E(Other)5 E F2(name)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 -E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F1144 321.6 Q F2(delim)2.5 E F0 -(The \214rst character of)180 333.6 Q F2(delim)2.5 E F0 +-.25 E F2(aname)3.549 E F0 3.549(,s).18 G 1.049(tarting at 0.)-3.549 F +F2(aname)180.33 321.6 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68 E 2.5(yn)-.15 G .5 +-.25(ew va)-2.5 H(lues are assigned.).25 E(Other)5 E F2(name)2.5 E F0 +(ar)2.5 E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F1144 333.6 Q F2(delim)2.5 E +F0(The \214rst character of)180 345.6 Q F2(delim)2.5 E F0 (is used to terminate the input line, rather than ne)2.5 E(wline.)-.25 E -F1144 345.6 Q F0 .373 +F1144 357.6 Q F0 .372 (If the standard input is coming from a terminal,)25.86 F F1 -.18(re) -2.873 G(adline).18 E F0($see)2.873 E F3(READLINE)2.872 E F0(abo)2.622 E --.15(ve)-.15 G 2.872($i).15 G 2.872(su)-2.872 G(sed)-2.872 E .218 -(to obtain the line.)180 357.6 R .218 +2.873 G(adline).18 E F0($see)2.873 E F3(READLINE)2.873 E F0(abo)2.623 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G 2.873($i).15 G 2.873(su)-2.873 G(sed)-2.873 E .218 +(to obtain the line.)180 369.6 R .218 (Readline uses the current $or def)5.218 F .218 (ault, if line editing w)-.1 F .218(as not pre)-.1 F(viously)-.25 E -(acti)180 369.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5($e).15 G(diting settings.)-2.5 E -F1144 381.6 Q F2(te)2.5 E(xt)-.2 E F0(If)10.78 E F1 -.18(re)2.716 -G(adline).18 E F0 .216(is being used to read the line,)2.716 F F2(te) +(acti)180 381.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(\)e).15 G(diting settings.)-2.5 E +F1144 393.6 Q F2(te)2.5 E(xt)-.2 E F0(If)10.78 E F1 -.18(re)2.715 +G(adline).18 E F0 .216(is being used to read the line,)2.715 F F2(te) 2.716 E(xt)-.2 E F0 .216(is placed into the editing b)2.716 F(uf)-.2 E -.215(fer before edit-)-.25 F(ing be)180 393.6 Q(gins.)-.15 E F1144 -405.6 Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 417.6 S(ad).18 E -F0 1.394(returns after reading)3.894 F F2(nc)3.894 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E -F0 1.395(characters rather than w)3.894 F 1.395 -(aiting for a complete line of)-.1 F(input, b)180 429.6 Q +.216(fer before edit-)-.25 F(ing be)180 405.6 Q(gins.)-.15 E F1144 +417.6 Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 429.6 S(ad).18 E +F0 1.395(returns after reading)3.895 F F2(nc)3.895 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E +F0 1.395(characters rather than w)3.895 F 1.394 +(aiting for a complete line of)-.1 F(input, b)180 441.6 Q (ut honor a delimiter if fe)-.2 E(wer than)-.25 E F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E (s)-.1 E F0(characters are read before the delimiter)2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1 -144 441.6 Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 453.6 S -(ad).18 E F0 1.269(returns after reading e)3.77 F(xactly)-.15 E F2(nc) +144 453.6 Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 465.6 S +(ad).18 E F0 1.269(returns after reading e)3.769 F(xactly)-.15 E F2(nc) 3.769 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.269(characters rather than w)3.769 F -1.269(aiting for a complete)-.1 F .274 -(line of input, unless EOF is encountered or)180 465.6 R F1 -.18(re) -2.775 G(ad).18 E F0 .275(times out.)2.775 F .275 -(Delimiter characters encoun-)5.275 F 1.003 -(tered in the input are not treated specially and do not cause)180 477.6 -R F1 -.18(re)3.502 G(ad).18 E F0 1.002(to return until)3.502 F F2(nc) -3.502 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0(characters are read.)180 489.6 Q F1 -144 501.6 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 E F0(Display)180 513.6 Q F2(pr)3.66 E -(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161(on standard error)3.66 F 3.661(,w)-.4 G 1.161 +1.27(aiting for a complete)-.1 F .275 +(line of input, unless EOF is encountered or)180 477.6 R F1 -.18(re) +2.775 G(ad).18 E F0 .274(times out.)2.774 F .274 +(Delimiter characters encoun-)5.274 F 1.002 +(tered in the input are not treated specially and do not cause)180 489.6 +R F1 -.18(re)3.503 G(ad).18 E F0 1.003(to return until)3.503 F F2(nc) +3.503 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0(characters are read.)180 501.6 Q F1 +144 513.6 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 E F0(Display)180 525.6 Q F2(pr)3.661 E +(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161(on standard error)3.661 F 3.661(,w)-.4 G 1.161 (ithout a trailing ne)-3.661 F 1.161(wline, before attempting to read) --.25 F(an)180 525.6 Q 2.5(yi)-.15 G 2.5(nput. The)-2.5 F +-.25 F(an)180 537.6 Q 2.5(yi)-.15 G 2.5(nput. The)-2.5 F (prompt is displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.)2.5 E F1 -144 537.6 Q F0 .544(Backslash does not act as an escape character) -25.86 F 5.543(.T)-.55 G .543(he backslash is considered to be part of) --5.543 F(the line.)180 549.6 Q(In particular)5 E 2.5(,ab)-.4 G +144 549.6 Q F0 .543(Backslash does not act as an escape character) +25.86 F 5.543(.T)-.55 G .544(he backslash is considered to be part of) +-5.543 F(the line.)180 561.6 Q(In particular)5 E 2.5(,ab)-.4 G (ackslash-ne)-2.5 E(wline pair may not be used as a line continuation.) --.25 E F1144 561.6 Q F0(Silent mode.)26.41 E +-.25 E F1144 573.6 Q F0(Silent mode.)26.41 E (If input is coming from a terminal, characters are not echoed.)5 E F1 -144 573.6 Q F2(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 585.6 Q F1 -.18(re)2.928 -G(ad).18 E F0 .428(to time out and return f)2.928 F .428 -(ailure if a complete line of input $or a speci\214ed num-)-.1 F .561 -(ber of characters$ is not read within)180 597.6 R F2(timeout)3.061 E -F0(seconds.)3.061 E F2(timeout)5.561 E F0 .56(may be a decimal number) -3.061 F(with a fractional portion follo)180 609.6 Q +144 585.6 Q F2(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 597.6 Q F1 -.18(re)2.929 +G(ad).18 E F0 .428(to time out and return f)2.929 F .428 +(ailure if a complete line of input $or a speci\214ed num-)-.1 F .56 +(ber of characters$ is not read within)180 609.6 R F2(timeout)3.061 E +F0(seconds.)3.061 E F2(timeout)5.561 E F0 .561(may be a decimal number) +3.061 F(with a fractional portion follo)180 621.6 Q (wing the decimal point.)-.25 E(This option is only ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(f).15 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad).18 E F0 .506(is readin\ g input from a terminal, pipe, or other special \214le; it has no ef)180 -621.6 R .505(fect when reading)-.25 F .589(from re)180 633.6 R .589 -(gular \214les.)-.15 F(If)5.589 E F1 -.18(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0 .589 -(times out,)3.089 F F1 -.18(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0(sa)3.089 E -.15(ve) --.2 G 3.089(sa).15 G .889 -.15(ny p)-3.089 H .59 -(artial input read into the speci\214ed).15 F -.25(va)180 645.6 S +633.6 R .506(fect when reading)-.25 F .59(from re)180 645.6 R .59 +(gular \214les.)-.15 F(If)5.59 E F1 -.18(re)3.09 G(ad).18 E F0 .589 +(times out,)3.09 F F1 -.18(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0(sa)3.089 E -.15(ve)-.2 +G 3.089(sa).15 G .889 -.15(ny p)-3.089 H .589 +(artial input read into the speci\214ed).15 F -.25(va)180 657.6 S (riable).25 E F2(name)2.77 E F0 5.27(.I)C(f)-5.27 E F2(timeout)2.77 E F0 .27(is 0,)2.77 F F1 -.18(re)2.77 G(ad).18 E F0 .27(returns immediately) 2.77 F 2.77(,w)-.65 G .27(ithout trying to read an)-2.77 F 2.77(yd)-.15 -G(ata.)-2.77 E 1.12(The e)180 657.6 R 1.12 +G(ata.)-2.77 E 1.12(The e)180 669.6 R 1.12 (xit status is 0 if input is a)-.15 F -.25(va)-.2 G 1.12 (ilable on the speci\214ed \214le descriptor).25 F 3.62(,n)-.4 G 1.12 -(on-zero other)-3.62 F(-)-.2 E 2.5(wise. The)180 669.6 R -.15(ex)2.5 G +(on-zero other)-3.62 F(-)-.2 E 2.5(wise. The)180 681.6 R -.15(ex)2.5 G (it status is greater than 128 if the timeout is e).15 E(xceeded.)-.15 E -F1144 681.6 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(Read input from \214le descriptor) -14.46 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .192(If no)144 698.4 R F2(names)3.052 E F0 -.192(are supplied, the line read is assigned to the v)2.962 F(ariable) --.25 E F3(REPL)2.691 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .191 -(The return code is zero,)4.691 F 1.343 -(unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)144 710.4 R F1 -.18(re)3.843 G(ad) +F1144 693.6 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(Read input from \214le descriptor) +14.46 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .191(If no)144 710.4 R F2(names)3.051 E F0 +.191(are supplied, the line read is assigned to the v)2.961 F(ariable) +-.25 E F3(REPL)2.692 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .192 +(The return code is zero,)4.692 F 1.344 +(unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)144 722.4 R F1 -.18(re)3.844 G(ad) .18 E F0 1.343 -(times out $in which case the return code is greater than)3.843 F .872 -(128$, a v)144 722.4 R .871 -(ariable assignment error $such as assigning to a readonly v)-.25 F -.871(ariable$ occurs, or an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E -(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2013 March 4)146.79 E(63)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +(times out $in which case the return code is greater than)3.844 F +(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2013 September 2)138.455 E(63)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 64 64 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1$ B).35 F(ASH$1$) --.35 E(\214le descriptor is supplied as the ar)144 84 Q(gument to)-.18 E -/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.18(re)108 100.8 S(adonly) -.18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAf)A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C/F2 -10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 2.5(].)C -(..])-2.5 E .77(The gi)144 112.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E F2(names)3.27 +-.35 E .871(128\), a v)144 84 R .871 +(ariable assignment error $such as assigning to a readonly v)-.25 F +.872(ariable$ occurs, or an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E +(\214le descriptor is supplied as the ar)144 96 Q(gument to)-.18 E/F1 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.18(re)108 112.8 S(adonly).18 E +F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAf)A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 2.5(].)C +(..])-2.5 E .77(The gi)144 124.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E F2(names)3.27 E F0 .77(are mark)3.27 F .77(ed readonly; the v)-.1 F .77 (alues of these)-.25 F F2(names)3.63 E F0 .77 -(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.097(quent assignment.)144 124.8 R -1.097(If the)6.097 F F13.597 E F0 1.097 -(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.597 F F2 -(names)3.596 E F0 1.096(are so)3.596 F(mark)144 136.8 Q 3.334(ed. The) +(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.096(quent assignment.)144 136.8 R +1.096(If the)6.096 F F13.596 E F0 1.097 +(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.596 F F2 +(names)3.597 E F0 1.097(are so)3.597 F(mark)144 148.8 Q 3.334(ed. The) -.1 F F13.334 E F0 .834(option restricts the v)3.334 F .834 (ariables to inde)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.334(da).15 G .834(rrays; the) -3.334 F F13.334 E F0 .834(option restricts the v)3.334 F(ari-) --.25 E .777(ables to associati)144 148.8 R 1.077 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 3.277 -(rrays. If).15 F .777(both options are supplied,)3.277 F F13.277 E -F0(tak)3.277 E .776(es precedence.)-.1 F .776(If no)5.776 F F2(name) -3.636 E F0(ar)3.456 E(gu-)-.18 E .521(ments are gi)144 160.8 R -.15(ve) +-.25 E .776(ables to associati)144 160.8 R 1.076 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 3.276 +(rrays. If).15 F .777(both options are supplied,)3.276 F F13.277 E +F0(tak)3.277 E .777(es precedence.)-.1 F .777(If no)5.777 F F2(name) +3.637 E F0(ar)3.457 E(gu-)-.18 E .522(ments are gi)144 172.8 R -.15(ve) -.25 G .521(n, or if the).15 F F13.021 E F0 .521 (option is supplied, a list of all readonly names is printed.)3.021 F -.522(The other)5.521 F .295(options may be used to restrict the output \ -to a subset of the set of readonly names.)144 172.8 R(The)5.295 E F1 -2.795 E F0(option)2.795 E .786 +.521(The other)5.521 F .295(options may be used to restrict the output \ +to a subset of the set of readonly names.)144 184.8 R(The)5.296 E F1 +2.796 E F0(option)2.796 E .786 (causes output to be displayed in a format that may be reused as input.) -144 184.8 R .786(If a v)5.786 F .786(ariable name is fol-)-.25 F(lo)144 -196.8 Q .718(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 3.218(,t)C .718(he v) +144 196.8 R .786(If a v)5.786 F .785(ariable name is fol-)-.25 F(lo)144 +208.8 Q .717(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 3.218(,t)C .718(he v) -3.218 F .718(alue of the v)-.25 F .718(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor) 3.218 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.718(.T)C .718(he return status is 0 unless an in) -5.718 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .26(option is encountered, one of the) -144 208.8 R F2(names)3.12 E F0 .26(is not a v)3.03 F .26(alid shell v) +144 220.8 R F2(names)3.12 E F0 .26(is not a v)3.03 F .26(alid shell v) -.25 F .26(ariable name, or)-.25 F F12.76 E F0 .26 -(is supplied with a)2.76 F F2(name)144.36 220.8 Q F0 -(that is not a function.)2.68 E F1 -.18(re)108 237.6 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15 -E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .021(Causes a function to stop e)144 249.6 R --.15(xe)-.15 G .021(cuting and return the v).15 F .021 -(alue speci\214ed by)-.25 F F2(n)2.88 E F0 .02(to its caller)2.76 F 5.02 -(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.02 E F2(n)2.88 E F0 .02(is omitted,)2.76 F .469 -(the return status is that of the last command e)144 261.6 R -.15(xe) +(is supplied with a)2.76 F F2(name)144.36 232.8 Q F0 +(that is not a function.)2.68 E F1 -.18(re)108 249.6 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15 +E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .02(Causes a function to stop e)144 261.6 R +-.15(xe)-.15 G .02(cuting and return the v).15 F .021 +(alue speci\214ed by)-.25 F F2(n)2.881 E F0 .021(to its caller)2.761 F +5.021(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.021 E F2(n)2.881 E F0 .021(is omitted,)2.761 F .469 +(the return status is that of the last command e)144 273.6 R -.15(xe) -.15 G .469(cuted in the function body).15 F 5.469(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.469 E -F1 -.18(re)2.969 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .469(is used out-)2.969 F .467 -(side a function, b)144 273.6 R .467(ut during e)-.2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +F1 -.18(re)2.969 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .468(is used out-)2.969 F .466 +(side a function, b)144 285.6 R .466(ut during e)-.2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .467(cution of a script by the).15 F F1(.)2.967 E F0($)5.467 E F1(sour) -A(ce)-.18 E F0 2.966($c)C .466(ommand, it causes the shell to)-2.966 F -.087(stop e)144 285.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .087 +A(ce)-.18 E F0 2.967(\)c)C .467(ommand, it causes the shell to)-2.967 F +.088(stop e)144 297.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .087 (cuting that script and return either).15 F F2(n)2.947 E F0 .087 (or the e)2.827 F .087(xit status of the last command e)-.15 F -.15(xe) --.15 G .088(cuted within).15 F .613(the script as the e)144 297.6 R .613 +-.15 G .087(cuted within).15 F .613(the script as the e)144 309.6 R .613 (xit status of the script.)-.15 F(If)5.613 E F2(n)3.113 E F0 .613 (is supplied, the return v)3.113 F .613 -(alue is its least signi\214cant 8)-.25 F 2.51(bits. The)144 309.6 R .01 -(return status is non-zero if)2.51 F F1 -.18(re)2.511 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 -E F0 .011(is supplied a non-numeric ar)2.511 F .011 -(gument, or is used outside)-.18 F 2.91(af)144 321.6 S .41 -(unction and not during e)-2.91 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .41 +(alue is its least signi\214cant 8)-.25 F 2.511(bits. The)144 321.6 R +.011(return status is non-zero if)2.511 F F1 -.18(re)2.511 G(tur).18 E +(n)-.15 E F0 .011(is supplied a non-numeric ar)2.511 F .01 +(gument, or is used outside)-.18 F 2.909(af)144 333.6 S .409 +(unction and not during e)-2.909 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .41 (cution of a script by).15 F F1(.)2.91 E F0(or)3.743 E F1(sour)2.91 E -(ce)-.18 E F0 5.41(.A)C .71 -.15(ny c)-5.41 H .409 -(ommand associated with the).15 F F1(RETURN)144 333.6 Q F0(trap is e)2.5 +(ce)-.18 E F0 5.41(.A)C .71 -.15(ny c)-5.41 H .41 +(ommand associated with the).15 F F1(RETURN)144 345.6 Q F0(trap is e)2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted before e).15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G -(cution resumes after the function or script.).15 E F1(set)108 350.4 Q +(cution resumes after the function or script.).15 E F1(set)108 362.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255\255abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(option\255name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E -F1(set)108 362.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1 +F1(set)108 374.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1 (+o)-2.5 E F2(option\255name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0 -(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 374.4 S .835(thout options, the name and v).4 F -.835(alue of each shell v)-.25 F .836 +(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 386.4 S .836(thout options, the name and v).4 F +.835(alue of each shell v)-.25 F .835 (ariable are displayed in a format that can be)-.25 F .784 -(reused as input for setting or resetting the currently-set v)144 386.4 -R 3.284(ariables. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)3.284 G .783 -(riables cannot be).25 F 2.911(reset. In)144 398.4 R F2(posix)2.911 E F0 +(reused as input for setting or resetting the currently-set v)144 398.4 +R 3.284(ariables. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)3.284 G .784 +(riables cannot be).25 F 2.912(reset. In)144 410.4 R F2(posix)2.912 E F0 .412(mode, only shell v)2.912 F .412(ariables are listed.)-.25 F .412 -(The output is sorted according to the current)5.412 F 3.531 -(locale. When)144 410.4 R 1.031(options are speci\214ed, the)3.531 F -3.531(ys)-.15 G 1.031(et or unset shell attrib)-3.531 F 3.53(utes. An) --.2 F 3.53(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-3.53 G 1.03(uments remaining).18 F 1.623 -(after option processing are treated as v)144 422.4 R 1.624 +(The output is sorted according to the current)5.412 F 3.53 +(locale. When)144 422.4 R 1.031(options are speci\214ed, the)3.53 F +3.531(ys)-.15 G 1.031(et or unset shell attrib)-3.531 F 3.531(utes. An) +-.2 F 3.531(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-3.531 G 1.031(uments remaining).18 F +1.624(after option processing are treated as v)144 434.4 R 1.623 (alues for the positional parameters and are assigned, in)-.25 F(order) -144 434.4 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G(o)-2.5 E F1($1)2.5 E F0(,)A F1($2)2.5 E F0(,)A +144 446.4 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G(o)-2.5 E F1($1)2.5 E F0(,)A F1($2)2.5 E F0(,)A F1 2.5(... $)2.5 F F2(n)A F0 5(.O)C(ptions, if speci\214ed, ha)-5 E .3 --.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1144 446.4 Q -F0 .54(Automatically mark v)29.3 F .539 -(ariables and functions which are modi\214ed or created for e)-.25 F -.539(xport to)-.15 F(the en)184 458.4 Q -(vironment of subsequent commands.)-.4 E F1144 470.4 Q F0 .131 +-.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1144 458.4 Q +F0 .539(Automatically mark v)29.3 F .539 +(ariables and functions which are modi\214ed or created for e)-.25 F .54 +(xport to)-.15 F(the en)184 470.4 Q(vironment of subsequent commands.) +-.4 E F1144 482.4 Q F0 .132 (Report the status of terminated background jobs immediately)28.74 F -2.632(,r)-.65 G .132(ather than before the ne)-2.632 F(xt)-.15 E -(primary prompt.)184 482.4 Q(This is ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve o) --.25 H(nly when job control is enabled.).15 E F1144 494.4 Q F0 -.088(Exit immediately if a)29.86 F F2(pipeline)2.588 E F0 .087 -($which may consist of a single)2.588 F F2 .087(simple command)2.587 F -F0 .087($, a)B F2(list)2.587 E F0 2.587(,o)C(r)-2.587 E(a)184 506.4 Q -F2 1.293(compound command)3.793 F F0($see)3.793 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -1.293(SHELL GRAMMAR)3.793 F F0(abo)3.544 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.794($, e) -.15 F 1.294(xits with a non-zero status.)-.15 F .08 -(The shell does not e)184 518.4 R .079(xit if the command that f)-.15 F -.079(ails is part of the command list immediately)-.1 F(follo)184 530.4 -Q 1.654(wing a)-.25 F F1(while)4.154 E F0(or)4.154 E F1(until)4.154 E F0 --.1(ke)4.154 G(yw)-.05 E 1.655(ord, part of the test follo)-.1 F 1.655 -(wing the)-.25 F F1(if)4.155 E F0(or)4.155 E F1(elif)4.155 E F0(reserv) -4.155 E(ed)-.15 E -.1(wo)184 542.4 S .582(rds, part of an).1 F 3.082(yc) --.15 G .582(ommand e)-3.082 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .581(cuted in a).15 F F1 -(&&)3.081 E F0(or)3.081 E F1(||)3.081 E F0 .581(list e)3.081 F .581 -(xcept the command follo)-.15 F(wing)-.25 E .917(the \214nal)184 554.4 R -F1(&&)3.417 E F0(or)3.417 E F1(||)3.417 E F0 3.417(,a)C 1.217 -.15(ny c) --3.417 H .918(ommand in a pipeline b).15 F .918 -(ut the last, or if the command')-.2 F 3.418(sr)-.55 G(eturn)-3.418 E --.25(va)184 566.4 S .661(lue is being in).25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .661 -(rted with).15 F F1(!)3.161 E F0 5.661(.I)C 3.161(fac)-5.661 G .66 -(ompound command other than a subshell returns a)-3.161 F 1.112 -(non-zero status because a command f)184 578.4 R 1.112(ailed while)-.1 F -F13.612 E F0 -.1(wa)3.612 G 3.612(sb).1 G 1.113 -(eing ignored, the shell does)-3.612 F .178(not e)184 590.4 R 2.678 -(xit. A)-.15 F .178(trap on)2.678 F F1(ERR)2.678 E F0 2.678(,i)C 2.678 -(fs)-2.678 G .178(et, is e)-2.678 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .178 -(cuted before the shell e).15 F 2.677(xits. This)-.15 F .177 -(option applies to)2.677 F .617(the shell en)184 602.4 R .617 +2.632(,r)-.65 G .131(ather than before the ne)-2.632 F(xt)-.15 E +(primary prompt.)184 494.4 Q(This is ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve o) +-.25 H(nly when job control is enabled.).15 E F1144 506.4 Q F0 +.087(Exit immediately if a)29.86 F F2(pipeline)2.587 E F0 .087 +($which may consist of a single)2.587 F F2 .088(simple command)2.588 F +F0 .088($, a)B F2(list)2.588 E F0 2.588(,o)C(r)-2.588 E(a)184 518.4 Q +F2 1.294(compound command)3.794 F F0($see)3.794 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF +1.294(SHELL GRAMMAR)3.794 F F0(abo)3.544 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.793($, e) +.15 F 1.293(xits with a non-zero status.)-.15 F .079 +(The shell does not e)184 530.4 R .079(xit if the command that f)-.15 F +.08(ails is part of the command list immediately)-.1 F(follo)184 542.4 Q +1.655(wing a)-.25 F F1(while)4.155 E F0(or)4.155 E F1(until)4.155 E F0 +-.1(ke)4.155 G(yw)-.05 E 1.655(ord, part of the test follo)-.1 F 1.654 +(wing the)-.25 F F1(if)4.154 E F0(or)4.154 E F1(elif)4.154 E F0(reserv) +4.154 E(ed)-.15 E -.1(wo)184 554.4 S .581(rds, part of an).1 F 3.081(yc) +-.15 G .581(ommand e)-3.081 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .581(cuted in a).15 F F1 +(&&)3.081 E F0(or)3.081 E F1(||)3.081 E F0 .582(list e)3.082 F .582 +(xcept the command follo)-.15 F(wing)-.25 E .918(the \214nal)184 566.4 R +F1(&&)3.418 E F0(or)3.418 E F1(||)3.418 E F0 3.418(,a)C 1.218 -.15(ny c) +-3.418 H .918(ommand in a pipeline b).15 F .917 +(ut the last, or if the command')-.2 F 3.417(sr)-.55 G(eturn)-3.417 E +-.25(va)184 578.4 S .66(lue is being in).25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .66 +(rted with).15 F F1(!)3.16 E F0 5.661(.I)C 3.161(fac)-5.661 G .661 +(ompound command other than a subshell returns a)-3.161 F 1.113 +(non-zero status because a command f)184 590.4 R 1.112(ailed while)-.1 F +F13.612 E F0 -.1(wa)3.612 G 3.612(sb).1 G 1.112 +(eing ignored, the shell does)-3.612 F .177(not e)184 602.4 R 2.677 +(xit. A)-.15 F .177(trap on)2.677 F F1(ERR)2.677 E F0 2.677(,i)C 2.678 +(fs)-2.677 G .178(et, is e)-2.678 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .178 +(cuted before the shell e).15 F 2.678(xits. This)-.15 F .178 +(option applies to)2.678 F .618(the shell en)184 614.4 R .617 (vironment and each subshell en)-.4 F .617(vironment separately $see) --.4 F F3 .618(COMMAND EXE-)3.118 F .643(CUTION ENVIR)184 614.4 R(ONMENT) +-.4 F F3 .617(COMMAND EXE-)3.117 F .642(CUTION ENVIR)184 626.4 R(ONMENT) -.27 E F0(abo)2.893 E -.15(ve)-.15 G .643 ($, and may cause subshells to e).15 F .643(xit before e)-.15 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G .642(cuting all).15 F(the commands in the subshell.)184 626.4 -Q 2.042(If a compound command or shell function e)184 644.4 R -.15(xe) +(xe)-.15 G .643(cuting all).15 F(the commands in the subshell.)184 638.4 +Q 2.042(If a compound command or shell function e)184 656.4 R -.15(xe) -.15 G 2.042(cutes in a conte).15 F 2.042(xt where)-.15 F F14.542 -E F0 2.043(is being)4.543 F 1.436(ignored, none of the commands e)184 -656.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.435 -(cuted within the compound command or function).15 F .193 -(body will be af)184 668.4 R .193(fected by the)-.25 F F12.693 E +E F0 2.042(is being)4.542 F 1.435(ignored, none of the commands e)184 +668.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.436 +(cuted within the compound command or function).15 F .194 +(body will be af)184 680.4 R .194(fected by the)-.25 F F12.694 E F0 .193(setting, e)2.693 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.693(ni).15 G(f)-2.693 E F1 -2.693 E F0 .194(is set and a command returns a f)2.693 F(ailure) --.1 E 3.39(status. If)184 680.4 R 3.39(ac)3.39 G .89 +2.693 E F0 .193(is set and a command returns a f)2.693 F(ailure) +-.1 E 3.39(status. If)184 692.4 R 3.39(ac)3.39 G .89 (ompound command or shell function sets)-3.39 F F13.39 E F0 .89 (while e)3.39 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .89(cuting in a conte).15 F(xt)-.15 E -(where)184 692.4 Q F13.153 E F0 .653 -(is ignored, that setting will not ha)3.153 F .954 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .954 --.15(ny e).15 H -.25(ff).15 G .654(ect until the compound command).25 F -(or the command containing the function call completes.)184 704.4 Q F1 -144 716.4 Q F0(Disable pathname e)30.97 E(xpansion.)-.15 E -(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2013 March 4)146.79 E(64)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +(where)184 704.4 Q F13.154 E F0 .654 +(is ignored, that setting will not ha)3.154 F .953 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .953 +-.15(ny e).15 H -.25(ff).15 G .653(ect until the compound command).25 F +(or the command containing the function call completes.)184 716.4 Q +(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2013 September 2)138.455 E(64)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 65 65 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH$1$ B).35 F(ASH$1$) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF144 84 Q F0 2.239 -(Remember the location of commands as the)28.74 F 4.738(ya)-.15 G 2.238 -(re look)-4.738 F 2.238(ed up for e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 4.738 -(cution. This).15 F(is)4.738 E(enabled by def)184 96 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1 -144 108 Q F0 .513(All ar)28.74 F .514 +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF144 84 Q F0(Disable pathname e)30.97 E +(xpansion.)-.15 E F1144 96 Q F0 2.238 +(Remember the location of commands as the)28.74 F 4.738(ya)-.15 G 2.239 +(re look)-4.738 F 2.239(ed up for e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 4.739 +(cution. This).15 F(is)4.739 E(enabled by def)184 108 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1 +144 120 Q F0 .514(All ar)28.74 F .514 (guments in the form of assignment statements are placed in the en)-.18 -F .514(vironment for a)-.4 F -(command, not just those that precede the command name.)184 120 Q F1 -144 132 Q F0 .149(Monitor mode.)25.97 F .149 -(Job control is enabled.)5.149 F .148(This option is on by def)5.149 F -.148(ault for interacti)-.1 F .448 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells).15 E .65 -(on systems that support it $see)184 144 R/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .651 +F .513(vironment for a)-.4 F +(command, not just those that precede the command name.)184 132 Q F1 +144 144 Q F0 .148(Monitor mode.)25.97 F .148 +(Job control is enabled.)5.148 F .149(This option is on by def)5.148 F +.149(ault for interacti)-.1 F .449 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells).15 E .651 +(on systems that support it \(see)184 156 R/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .651 (JOB CONTR)3.151 F(OL)-.27 E F0(abo)2.901 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.151 -($. All).15 F .651(processes run in a separate)3.151 F .679 -(process group.)184 156 R .678(When a background job completes, the she\ -ll prints a line containing its)5.679 F -.15(ex)184 168 S(it status.).15 -E F1144 180 Q F0 .652(Read commands b)28.74 F .652(ut do not e)-.2 -F -.15(xe)-.15 G .652(cute them.).15 F .653 -(This may be used to check a shell script for)5.652 F(syntax errors.)184 -192 Q(This is ignored by interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E -F1144 204 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(option\255name)2.5 E F0(The) -184 216 Q F3(option\255name)2.5 E F0(can be one of the follo)2.5 E -(wing:)-.25 E F1(allexport)184 228 Q F0(Same as)224 240 Q F12.5 E -F0(.)A F1(braceexpand)184 252 Q F0(Same as)224 264 Q F12.5 E F0(.) -A F1(emacs)184 276 Q F0 .089 +(\). All).15 F .65(processes run in a separate)3.151 F .678 +(process group.)184 168 R .679(When a background job completes, the she\ +ll prints a line containing its)5.678 F -.15(ex)184 180 S(it status.).15 +E F1144 192 Q F0 .653(Read commands b)28.74 F .653(ut do not e)-.2 +F -.15(xe)-.15 G .653(cute them.).15 F .652 +(This may be used to check a shell script for)5.653 F(syntax errors.)184 +204 Q(This is ignored by interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E +F1144 216 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(option\255name)2.5 E F0(The) +184 228 Q F3(option\255name)2.5 E F0(can be one of the follo)2.5 E +(wing:)-.25 E F1(allexport)184 240 Q F0(Same as)224 252 Q F12.5 E +F0(.)A F1(braceexpand)184 264 Q F0(Same as)224 276 Q F12.5 E F0(.) +A F1(emacs)184 288 Q F0 .089 (Use an emacs-style command line editing interf)13.9 F 2.589(ace. This) -.1 F .089(is enabled by def)2.589 F(ault)-.1 E .95 -(when the shell is interacti)224 288 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.45(,u).15 G .95 +(when the shell is interacti)224 300 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.45(,u).15 G .95 (nless the shell is started with the)-3.45 F F1(\255\255noediting)3.45 E -F0 2.5(option. This)224 300 R(also af)2.5 E(fects the editing interf) +F0 2.5(option. This)224 312 R(also af)2.5 E(fects the editing interf) -.25 E(ace used for)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad \255e).18 E F0(.)A F1(err) -184 312 Q(exit)-.18 E F0(Same as)11.31 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -(errtrace)184 324 Q F0(Same as)5.03 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(functrace) -184 336 Q F0(Same as)224 348 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(hashall)184 360 Q -F0(Same as)9.43 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(histexpand)184 372 Q F0 -(Same as)224 384 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(history)184 396 Q F0 .587 +184 324 Q(exit)-.18 E F0(Same as)11.31 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(errtrace)184 336 Q F0(Same as)5.03 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(functrace) +184 348 Q F0(Same as)224 360 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(hashall)184 372 Q +F0(Same as)9.43 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(histexpand)184 384 Q F0 +(Same as)224 396 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(history)184 408 Q F0 .586 (Enable command history)10 F 3.087(,a)-.65 G 3.087(sd)-3.087 G .587 (escribed abo)-3.087 F .887 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(HIST)3.087 E (OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .587(This option is) -5.087 F(on by def)224 408 Q(ault in interacti)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H -(hells.).15 E F1(ignor)184 420 Q(eeof)-.18 E F0 1.656(The ef)224 432 R -1.656(fect is as if the shell command)-.25 F/F5 10/Courier@0 SF -(IGNOREEOF=10)4.157 E F0 1.657(had been e)4.157 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted) -.15 E($see)224 444 Q F1(Shell V)2.5 E(ariables)-.92 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15 -(ve)-.15 G($.).15 E F1 -.1(ke)184 456 S(yw).1 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Same as) -224 468 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(monitor)184 480 Q F0(Same as)5.56 E F1 -2.5 E F0(.)A F1(noclob)184 492 Q(ber)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 504 Q F1 -2.5 E F0(.)A F1(noexec)184 516 Q F0(Same as)11.12 E F12.5 E -F0(.)A F1(noglob)184 528 Q F0(Same as)11.1 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -(nolog)184 540 Q F0(Currently ignored.)16.66 E F1(notify)184 552 Q F0 -(Same as)15 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(nounset)184 564 Q F0(Same as)6.66 -E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(onecmd)184 576 Q F0(Same as)6.67 E F12.5 -E F0(.)A F1(ph)184 588 Q(ysical)-.15 E F0(Same as)5.14 E F12.5 E -F0(.)A F1(pipefail)184 600 Q F0 1.03(If set, the return v)7.77 F 1.029 -(alue of a pipeline is the v)-.25 F 1.029 -(alue of the last $rightmost$ com-)-.25 F 1.136(mand to e)224 612 R +5.087 F(on by def)224 420 Q(ault in interacti)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H +(hells.).15 E F1(ignor)184 432 Q(eeof)-.18 E F0 1.657(The ef)224 444 R +1.657(fect is as if the shell command)-.25 F/F5 10/Courier@0 SF +(IGNOREEOF=10)4.156 E F0 1.656(had been e)4.156 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted) +.15 E($see)224 456 Q F1(Shell V)2.5 E(ariables)-.92 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15 +(ve)-.15 G($.).15 E F1 -.1(ke)184 468 S(yw).1 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Same as) +224 480 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(monitor)184 492 Q F0(Same as)5.56 E F1 +2.5 E F0(.)A F1(noclob)184 504 Q(ber)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 516 Q F1 +2.5 E F0(.)A F1(noexec)184 528 Q F0(Same as)11.12 E F12.5 E +F0(.)A F1(noglob)184 540 Q F0(Same as)11.1 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(nolog)184 552 Q F0(Currently ignored.)16.66 E F1(notify)184 564 Q F0 +(Same as)15 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(nounset)184 576 Q F0(Same as)6.66 +E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(onecmd)184 588 Q F0(Same as)6.67 E F12.5 +E F0(.)A F1(ph)184 600 Q(ysical)-.15 E F0(Same as)5.14 E F12.5 E +F0(.)A F1(pipefail)184 612 Q F0 1.029(If set, the return v)7.77 F 1.029 +(alue of a pipeline is the v)-.25 F 1.03 +(alue of the last $rightmost$ com-)-.25 F 1.137(mand to e)224 624 R 1.136 (xit with a non-zero status, or zero if all commands in the pipeline) --.15 F -.15(ex)224 624 S(it successfully).15 E 5(.T)-.65 G -(his option is disabled by def)-5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(posix)184 636 Q F0 -2.091(Change the beha)17.77 F 2.091(vior of)-.2 F F1(bash)4.591 E F0 +-.15 F -.15(ex)224 636 S(it successfully).15 E 5(.T)-.65 G +(his option is disabled by def)-5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(posix)184 648 Q F0 +2.09(Change the beha)17.77 F 2.091(vior of)-.2 F F1(bash)4.591 E F0 2.091(where the def)4.591 F 2.091(ault operation dif)-.1 F 2.091 (fers from the)-.25 F 1.212(POSIX standard to match the standard $)224 -648 R F3 1.212(posix mode)B F0 3.712($. See)B F2 1.212(SEE ALSO)3.712 F -F0(belo)3.463 E(w)-.25 E 2.307 -(for a reference to a document that details ho)224 660 R 4.806(wp)-.25 G -2.306(osix mode af)-4.806 F 2.306(fects bash')-.25 F(s)-.55 E(beha)224 -672 Q(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E F1(pri)184 684 Q(vileged)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 -696 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(ve)184 708 S(rbose).1 E F0(Same as) -7.33 E F12.5 E F0(.)A(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2013 March 4)146.79 E -(65)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +660 R F3 1.212(posix mode)B F0 3.712(\). See)B F2 1.212(SEE ALSO)3.712 F +F0(belo)3.462 E(w)-.25 E 2.306 +(for a reference to a document that details ho)224 672 R 4.807(wp)-.25 G +2.307(osix mode af)-4.807 F 2.307(fects bash')-.25 F(s)-.55 E(beha)224 +684 Q(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E F1(pri)184 696 Q(vileged)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 +708 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2013 September 2) +138.455 E(65)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 66 66 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH$1$ B).35 F(ASH$1$) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(vi)184 84 Q F0 1.465 -(Use a vi-style command line editing interf)32.22 F 3.966(ace. This)-.1 -F 1.466(also af)3.966 F 1.466(fects the editing)-.25 F(interf)224 96 Q +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -.1(ve)184 84 S(rbose).1 E F0(Same as)7.33 +E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(vi)184 96 Q F0 1.466 +(Use a vi-style command line editing interf)32.22 F 3.965(ace. This)-.1 +F 1.465(also af)3.965 F 1.465(fects the editing)-.25 F(interf)224 108 Q (ace used for)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad \255e).18 E F0(.)A F1(xtrace)184 -108 Q F0(Same as)13.35 E F12.5 E F0(.)A(If)184 126 Q F13.053 -E F0 .553(is supplied with no)3.053 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -(option\255name)3.053 E F0 3.053(,t)C .553(he v)-3.053 F .552 -(alues of the current options are printed.)-.25 F(If)5.552 E F1(+o)184 -138 Q F0 1.071(is supplied with no)3.571 F F2(option\255name)3.571 E F0 -3.571(,as)C 1.071(eries of)-3.571 F F1(set)3.572 E F0 1.072 -(commands to recreate the current)3.572 F -(option settings is displayed on the standard output.)184 150 Q F1 -144 162 Q F0 -.45(Tu)28.74 G 1.072(rn on).45 F F2(privile)4.822 E -.1 -(ge)-.4 G(d).1 E F0 3.572(mode. In)4.342 F 1.072(this mode, the)3.572 F +120 Q F0(Same as)13.35 E F12.5 E F0(.)A(If)184 138 Q F13.052 +E F0 .552(is supplied with no)3.052 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF +(option\255name)3.053 E F0 3.053(,t)C .553(he v)-3.053 F .553 +(alues of the current options are printed.)-.25 F(If)5.553 E F1(+o)184 +150 Q F0 1.072(is supplied with no)3.572 F F2(option\255name)3.572 E F0 +3.572(,a)C 1.071(series of)-.001 F F1(set)3.571 E F0 1.071 +(commands to recreate the current)3.571 F +(option settings is displayed on the standard output.)184 162 Q F1 +144 174 Q F0 -.45(Tu)28.74 G 1.071(rn on).45 F F2(privile)4.821 E -.1 +(ge)-.4 G(d).1 E F0 3.572(mode. In)4.341 F 1.072(this mode, the)3.572 F /F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF($ENV)3.572 E F0(and)3.322 E F3($B)3.572 E(ASH_ENV) --.27 E F0 1.071(\214les are not pro-)3.322 F 1.5 -(cessed, shell functions are not inherited from the en)184 174 R 1.501 -(vironment, and the)-.4 F F3(SHELLOPTS)4.001 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A -F3 -.27(BA)184 186 S(SHOPTS).27 E F4(,)A F3(CDP)2.775 E -.855(AT)-.666 G -(H).855 E F4(,)A F0(and)2.775 E F3(GLOBIGNORE)3.025 E F0 -.25(va)2.775 G -.524(riables, if the).25 F 3.024(ya)-.15 G .524(ppear in the en)-3.024 F -(vironment,)-.4 E .379(are ignored.)184 198 R .379 -(If the shell is started with the ef)5.379 F(fecti)-.25 E .679 -.15 -(ve u)-.25 H .38(ser $group$ id not equal to the real).15 F .462 -(user $group$ id, and the)184 210 R F12.961 E F0 .461 -(option is not supplied, these actions are tak)2.961 F .461 -(en and the ef)-.1 F(fec-)-.25 E(ti)184 222 Q .694 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .394 +-.27 E F0 1.072(\214les are not pro-)3.322 F 1.501 +(cessed, shell functions are not inherited from the en)184 186 R 1.5 +(vironment, and the)-.4 F F3(SHELLOPTS)4 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3 +-.27(BA)184 198 S(SHOPTS).27 E F4(,)A F3(CDP)2.774 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H) +.855 E F4(,)A F0(and)2.774 E F3(GLOBIGNORE)3.024 E F0 -.25(va)2.774 G +.524(riables, if the).25 F 3.025(ya)-.15 G .525(ppear in the en)-3.025 F +(vironment,)-.4 E .38(are ignored.)184 210 R .38 +(If the shell is started with the ef)5.38 F(fecti)-.25 E .679 -.15(ve u) +-.25 H .379(ser $group$ id not equal to the real).15 F .461 +(user $group$ id, and the)184 222 R F12.961 E F0 .461 +(option is not supplied, these actions are tak)2.961 F .462 +(en and the ef)-.1 F(fec-)-.25 E(ti)184 234 Q .695 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .395 (ser id is set to the real user id.).15 F .395(If the)5.395 F F1 -2.895 E F0 .395(option is supplied at startup, the ef)2.895 F(fecti)-.25 -E -.15(ve)-.25 G .387(user id is not reset.)184 234 R -.45(Tu)5.387 G -.387(rning this option of).45 F 2.886(fc)-.25 G .386(auses the ef)-2.886 -F(fecti)-.25 E .686 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .386(ser and group ids to be).15 F -(set to the real user and group ids.)184 246 Q F1144 258 Q F0 +2.895 E F0 .394(option is supplied at startup, the ef)2.895 F(fecti)-.25 +E -.15(ve)-.25 G .386(user id is not reset.)184 246 R -.45(Tu)5.386 G +.386(rning this option of).45 F 2.886(fc)-.25 G .387(auses the ef)-2.886 +F(fecti)-.25 E .687 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .387(ser and group ids to be).15 F +(set to the real user and group ids.)184 258 Q F1144 270 Q F0 (Exit after reading and e)30.97 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting one command.).15 -E F1144 270 Q F0 -.35(Tr)28.74 G .043(eat unset v).35 F .044(aria\ +E F1144 282 Q F0 -.35(Tr)28.74 G .044(eat unset v).35 F .044(aria\ bles and parameters other than the special parameters "@" and "*" as an) --.25 F .183(error when performing parameter e)184 282 R 2.683 -(xpansion. 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This).15 F 2.578(is on by)5.078 F(def)184 378 Q -(ault.)-.1 E F1144 390 Q F0 .213(If set,)27.08 F F1(bash)2.713 E -F0 .213(does not o)2.713 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .214(rwrite an e).15 F .214 +-.15(ve)-.15 G 5.079(\). This).15 F 2.579(is on by)5.079 F(def)184 390 Q +(ault.)-.1 E F1144 402 Q F0 .214(If set,)27.08 F F1(bash)2.714 E +F0 .214(does not o)2.714 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .214(rwrite an e).15 F .214 (xisting \214le with the)-.15 F F1(>)2.714 E F0(,)A F1(>&)2.714 E F0 -2.714(,a)C(nd)-2.714 E F1(<>)2.714 E F0 .214(redirection opera-)2.714 F -3.054(tors. This)184 402 R .553(may be o)3.053 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .553 +2.713(,a)C(nd)-2.713 E F1(<>)2.713 E F0 .213(redirection opera-)2.713 F +3.053(tors. 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The)-.4 F F1(ERR)3.338 E F0 .838 -(trap is normally not inherited in)3.338 F(such cases.)184 450 Q F1 -144 462 Q F0(Enable)26.52 E F1(!)3.031 E F0 .531 -(style history substitution.)5.531 F .531(This option is on by def)5.531 -F .532(ault when the shell is inter)-.1 F(-)-.2 E(acti)184 474 Q -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1144 486 Q F0 .96 +.15 F(tor)184 426 Q F1(>|)2.5 E F0(instead of)2.5 E F1(>)2.5 E F0(.)A F1 +144 438 Q F0 .104(If set, an)27.63 F 2.604(yt)-.15 G .104(rap on) +-2.604 F F1(ERR)2.604 E F0 .103 +(is inherited by shell functions, command substitutions, and com-)2.604 +F .838(mands e)184 450 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .838(cuted in a subshell en).15 +F 3.338(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(ERR)3.338 E F0 .839 +(trap is normally not inherited in)3.339 F(such cases.)184 462 Q F1 +144 474 Q F0(Enable)26.52 E F1(!)3.032 E F0 .532 +(style history substitution.)5.532 F .531(This option is on by def)5.532 +F .531(ault when the shell is inter)-.1 F(-)-.2 E(acti)184 486 Q -.15 +(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1144 498 Q F0 .959 (If set, the shell does not resolv)28.19 F 3.459(es)-.15 G .959 -(ymbolic links when e)-3.459 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .959 -(cuting commands such as).15 F F1(cd)3.459 E F0 2.821 -(that change the current w)184 498 R 2.822(orking directory)-.1 F 7.822 -(.I)-.65 G 5.322(tu)-7.822 G 2.822(ses the ph)-5.322 F 2.822 -(ysical directory structure)-.05 F 2.686(instead. By)184 510 R(def)2.686 +(ymbolic links when e)-3.459 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .96 +(cuting commands such as).15 F F1(cd)3.46 E F0 2.822 +(that change the current w)184 510 R 2.822(orking directory)-.1 F 7.822 +(.I)-.65 G 5.322(tu)-7.822 G 2.822(ses the ph)-5.322 F 2.821 +(ysical directory structure)-.05 F 2.685(instead. By)184 522 R(def)2.685 E(ault,)-.1 E F1(bash)2.686 E F0(follo)2.686 E .186 (ws the logical chain of directories when performing com-)-.25 F -(mands which change the current directory)184 522 Q(.)-.65 E F1144 -534 Q F0 .89(If set, an)27.63 F 3.39(yt)-.15 G .89(raps on)-3.39 F F1 +(mands which change the current directory)184 534 Q(.)-.65 E F1144 +546 Q F0 .89(If set, an)27.63 F 3.39(yt)-.15 G .89(raps on)-3.39 F F1 (DEB)3.39 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)3.39 E F1(RETURN)3.39 E F0 .89 (are inherited by shell functions, command)3.39 F 1.932 -(substitutions, and commands e)184 546 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.932 +(substitutions, and commands e)184 558 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.932 (cuted in a subshell en).15 F 4.432(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(DEB)4.432 E -(UG)-.1 E F0(and)4.432 E F1(RETURN)184 558 Q F0 -(traps are normally not inherited in such cases.)2.5 E F1144 570 Q -F0 .4(If no ar)28.6 F .401(guments follo)-.18 F 2.901(wt)-.25 G .401 +(UG)-.1 E F0(and)4.432 E F1(RETURN)184 570 Q F0 +(traps are normally not inherited in such cases.)2.5 E F1144 582 Q +F0 .401(If no ar)28.6 F .401(guments follo)-.18 F 2.901(wt)-.25 G .401 (his option, then the positional parameters are unset.)-2.901 F -(Otherwise,)5.401 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 582 Q -F2(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(s, e)A -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fs)-2.5 G +(Otherwise,)5.4 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 594 Q F2 +(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(s, e)A -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fs)-2.5 G (ome of them be)-2.5 E(gin with a)-.15 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1144 -594 Q F0 1.945(Signal the end of options, cause all remaining)34.3 F F2 -(ar)4.444 E(g)-.37 E F0 4.444(st)C 4.444(ob)-4.444 G 4.444(ea)-4.444 G -1.944(ssigned to the positional)-4.444 F 3.445(parameters. The)184 606 R -F13.445 E F0(and)3.445 E F13.445 E F0 .945 -(options are turned of)3.445 F 3.445(f. If)-.25 F .946(there are no) -3.445 F F2(ar)3.446 E(g)-.37 E F0 .946(s, the positional)B -(parameters remain unchanged.)184 618 Q .425(The options are of)144 -634.8 R 2.925(fb)-.25 G 2.925(yd)-2.925 G(ef)-2.925 E .425 +606 Q F0 1.944(Signal the end of options, cause all remaining)34.3 F F2 +(ar)4.444 E(g)-.37 E F0 4.444(st)C 4.444(ob)-4.444 G 4.445(ea)-4.444 G +1.945(ssigned to the positional)-4.445 F 3.446(parameters. The)184 618 R +F13.446 E F0(and)3.446 E F13.446 E F0 .945 +(options are turned of)3.446 F 3.445(f. If)-.25 F .945(there are no) +3.445 F F2(ar)3.445 E(g)-.37 E F0 .945(s, the positional)B +(parameters remain unchanged.)184 630 Q .425(The options are of)144 +646.8 R 2.925(fb)-.25 G 2.925(yd)-2.925 G(ef)-2.925 E .425 (ault unless otherwise noted.)-.1 F .425 -(Using + rather than \255 causes these options)5.425 F .177 -(to be turned of)144 646.8 R 2.677(f. The)-.25 F .178 +(Using + rather than \255 causes these options)5.425 F .178 +(to be turned of)144 658.8 R 2.678(f. The)-.25 F .178 (options can also be speci\214ed as ar)2.678 F .178(guments to an in) --.18 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .178(cation of the shell.).2 F(The)5.178 E .066 -(current set of options may be found in)144 658.8 R F1<24ad>2.566 E F0 +-.18 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .177(cation of the shell.).2 F(The)5.177 E .066 +(current set of options may be found in)144 670.8 R F1<24ad>2.566 E F0 5.066(.T)C .066(he return status is al)-5.066 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .066 -(ys true unless an in).1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .066(lid option).25 F -(is encountered.)144 670.8 Q F1(shift)108 687.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0 -(])A .428(The positional parameters from)144 699.6 R F2(n)2.928 E F0 -.429(+1 ... are renamed to)B F1 .429($1 ....)2.929 F F0 -.15(Pa)5.429 G -.429(rameters represented by the num-).15 F(bers)144 711.6 Q F1($#)2.583 -E F0(do)2.583 E .083(wn to)-.25 F F1($#)2.583 E F0A F2(n)A F0 .083 -(+1 are unset.)B F2(n)5.443 E F0 .083(must be a non-ne)2.823 F -.05(ga) --.15 G(ti).05 E .382 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .082(umber less than or equal to) -.15 F F1($#)2.582 E F0 5.082(.I)C(f)-5.082 E F2(n)2.942 E F0 .06 -(is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 723.6 R(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 -.06(is not gi)2.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .06(n, it is assumed to be 1.).15 F -(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06(is greater than)2.8 F F1($#)2.56 E F0 2.56 -(,t)C(he)-2.56 E(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2013 March 4)146.79 E(66)195.95 E -0 Cg EP +(ys true unless an in).1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .067(lid option).25 F +(is encountered.)144 682.8 Q F1(shift)108 699.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0 +(])A .429(The positional parameters from)144 711.6 R F2(n)2.929 E F0 +.429(+1 ... are renamed to)B F1 .429($1 ....)2.929 F F0 -.15(Pa)5.428 G +.428(rameters represented by the num-).15 F(bers)144 723.6 Q F1($#)2.582 +E F0(do)2.582 E .082(wn to)-.25 F F1($#)2.582 E F0A F2(n)A F0 .082 +(+1 are unset.)B F2(n)5.442 E F0 .082(must be a non-ne)2.822 F -.05(ga) +-.15 G(ti).05 E .383 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .083(umber less than or equal to) +.15 F F1($#)2.583 E F0 5.083(.I)C(f)-5.083 E F2(n)2.943 E F0 +(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2013 September 2)138.455 E(66)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 67 67 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH$1$ B).35 F(ASH$1$) --.35 E .144(positional parameters are not changed.)144 84 R .144 -(The return status is greater than zero if)5.144 F/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 -SF(n)3.003 E F0 .143(is greater than)2.883 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF($#) -2.643 E F0(or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 96 Q F2(shopt)108 112.8 Q -F0([)2.5 E F2(\255pqsu)A F0 2.5(][)C F2-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1 -(optname)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 124.8 S .222(ggle the v).8 F -.222(alues of v)-.25 F .222(ariables controlling optional shell beha) --.25 F(vior)-.2 E 5.222(.W)-.55 G .222(ith no options, or with the) --5.622 F F22.722 E F0 .721(option, a list of all settable options\ - is displayed, with an indication of whether or not each is set.)144 -136.8 R(The)144 148.8 Q F22.827 E F0 .327(option causes output to\ - be displayed in a form that may be reused as input.)2.827 F .328 -(Other options)5.328 F(ha)144 160.8 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E -(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2144 172.8 Q F0(Enable $set$ each)26.41 -E F1(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F2144 184.8 Q F0(Disable $unset$ each) -24.74 E F1(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F2144 196.8 Q F0 .003(Suppresses \ -normal output $quiet mode$; the return status indicates whether the) -24.74 F F1(optname)2.503 E F0(is)2.503 E .255(set or unset.)180 208.8 R -.255(If multiple)5.255 F F1(optname)2.755 E F0(ar)2.755 E .256 -(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.756(nw).15 G(ith)-2.756 E F2 -2.756 E F0 2.756(,t)C .256(he return status is zero if)-2.756 F -(all)180 220.8 Q F1(optnames)2.5 E F0(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.) -2.5 E F2144 232.8 Q F0(Restricts the v)25.3 E(alues of)-.25 E F1 -(optname)2.5 E F0(to be those de\214ned for the)2.5 E F22.5 E F0 -(option to the)2.5 E F2(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .625 -(If either)144 249.6 R F23.125 E F0(or)3.124 E F23.124 E F0 -.624(is used with no)3.124 F F1(optname)3.124 E F0(ar)3.124 E(guments,) --.18 E F2(shopt)3.124 E F0(sho)3.124 E .624 -(ws only those options which are)-.25 F 2.233(set or unset, respecti)144 -261.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 7.234(.U)-.65 G 2.234 -(nless otherwise noted, the)-7.234 F F2(shopt)4.734 E F0 2.234 -(options are disabled $unset$ by)4.734 F(def)144 273.6 Q(ault.)-.1 E -1.544(The return status when listing options is zero if all)144 290.4 R -F1(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.544(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.)4.044 F -.696 +-.35 E .06(is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 84 R(If)5.06 E/F1 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)2.92 E F0 .06(is not gi)2.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .06 +(n, it is assumed to be 1.).15 F(If)5.06 E F1(n)2.92 E F0 .06 +(is greater than)2.8 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF($#)2.56 E F0 2.56(,t)C(he) +-2.56 E .143(positional parameters are not changed.)144 96 R .144 +(The return status is greater than zero if)5.143 F F1(n)3.004 E F0 .144 +(is greater than)2.884 F F2($#)2.644 E F0 +(or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 108 Q F2(shopt)108 124.8 Q F0([)2.5 +E F2(\255pqsu)A F0 2.5(][)C F2-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(optname)-2.5 E +F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 136.8 S .64(ggle the v).8 F .639 +(alues of settings controlling optional shell beha)-.25 F(vior)-.2 E +5.639(.T)-.55 G .639(he settings can be either those)-5.639 F .374 +(listed belo)144 148.8 R 1.674 -.65(w, o)-.25 H 1.174 -.4(r, i).65 H +2.874(ft).4 G(he)-2.874 E F22.874 E F0 .375 +(option is used, those a)2.875 F -.25(va)-.2 G .375(ilable with the).25 +F F22.875 E F0 .375(option to the)2.875 F F2(set)2.875 E F0 -.2 +(bu)2.875 G .375(iltin com-).2 F 3.326(mand. W)144 160.8 R .826 +(ith no options, or with the)-.4 F F23.326 E F0 .825 +(option, a list of all settable options is displayed, with an)3.326 F +.945(indication of whether or not each is set.)144 172.8 R(The)5.945 E +F23.445 E F0 .945(option causes output to be displayed in a form) +3.445 F(that may be reused as input.)144 184.8 Q(Other options ha)5 E .3 +-.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2144 196.8 Q +F0(Enable $set$ each)26.41 E F1(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F2144 208.8 +Q F0(Disable $unset$ each)24.74 E F1(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F2144 +220.8 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal output $quiet mode$; the return sta\ +tus indicates whether the)24.74 F F1(optname)2.503 E F0(is)2.503 E .255 +(set or unset.)180 232.8 R .255(If multiple)5.255 F F1(optname)2.755 E +F0(ar)2.755 E .256(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.756(nw).15 G +(ith)-2.756 E F22.756 E F0 2.756(,t)C .256 +(he return status is zero if)-2.756 F(all)180 244.8 Q F1(optnames)2.5 E +F0(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.)2.5 E F2144 256.8 Q F0 +(Restricts the v)25.3 E(alues of)-.25 E F1(optname)2.5 E F0 +(to be those de\214ned for the)2.5 E F22.5 E F0(option to the)2.5 +E F2(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .625(If either)144 273.6 R F2 +3.125 E F0(or)3.124 E F23.124 E F0 .624(is used with no) +3.124 F F1(optname)3.124 E F0(ar)3.124 E(guments,)-.18 E F2(shopt)3.124 +E F0(sho)3.124 E .624(ws only those options which are)-.25 F 2.233 +(set or unset, respecti)144 285.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 7.234(.U) +-.65 G 2.234(nless otherwise noted, the)-7.234 F F2(shopt)4.734 E F0 +2.234(options are disabled $unset$ by)4.734 F(def)144 297.6 Q(ault.) +-.1 E 1.544(The return status when listing options is zero if all)144 +314.4 R F1(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.544(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.) +4.044 F .696 (When setting or unsetting options, the return status is zero unless an) -144 302.4 R F1(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .696 -(alid shell)-.25 F(option.)144 314.4 Q(The list of)144 331.2 Q F2(shopt) -2.5 E F0(options is:)2.5 E F2(autocd)144 349.2 Q F0 .2 +144 326.4 R F1(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .696 +(alid shell)-.25 F(option.)144 338.4 Q(The list of)144 355.2 Q F2(shopt) +2.5 E F0(options is:)2.5 E F2(autocd)144 373.2 Q F0 .2 (If set, a command name that is the name of a directory is e)11.11 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .199(cuted as if it were the ar).15 F(gu-)-.18 E -(ment to the)184 361.2 Q F2(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F +(ment to the)184 385.2 Q F2(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F (option is only used by interacti)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E -F2(cdable_v)144 373.2 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .155(If set, an ar)184 385.2 R .155 +F2(cdable_v)144 397.2 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .155(If set, an ar)184 409.2 R .155 (gument to the)-.18 F F2(cd)2.655 E F0 -.2(bu)2.655 G .156 (iltin command that is not a directory is assumed to be the).2 F -(name of a v)184 397.2 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E -(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E F2(cdspell)144 409.2 Q F0 +(name of a v)184 421.2 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E +(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E F2(cdspell)144 433.2 Q F0 1.055 (If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory component in a) 10.55 F F2(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.987 -(corrected. The)184 421.2 R 1.487(errors check)3.987 F 1.487 +(corrected. The)184 445.2 R 1.487(errors check)3.987 F 1.487 (ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.988(,a) --.4 G(nd)-3.988 E .77(one character too man)184 433.2 R 4.57 -.65(y. I) +-.4 G(nd)-3.988 E .77(one character too man)184 457.2 R 4.57 -.65(y. I) -.15 H 3.27(fac).65 G .77 (orrection is found, the corrected \214lename is printed, and)-3.27 F -(the command proceeds.)184 445.2 Q +(the command proceeds.)184 469.2 Q (This option is only used by interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.) -.15 E F2(checkhash)144 457.2 Q F0 2.079(If set,)184 469.2 R F2(bash) +.15 E F2(checkhash)144 481.2 Q F0 2.079(If set,)184 493.2 R F2(bash) 4.579 E F0 2.079(checks that a command found in the hash table e)4.579 F -2.08(xists before trying to)-.15 F -.15(exe)184 481.2 S(cute it.).15 E +2.08(xists before trying to)-.15 F -.15(exe)184 505.2 S(cute it.).15 E (If a hashed command no longer e)5 E -(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F2(checkjobs)144 493.2 -Q F0 .449(If set,)184 505.2 R F2(bash)2.949 E F0 .449 +(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F2(checkjobs)144 517.2 +Q F0 .449(If set,)184 529.2 R F2(bash)2.949 E F0 .449 (lists the status of an)2.949 F 2.949(ys)-.15 G .448 (topped and running jobs before e)-2.949 F .448(xiting an interacti)-.15 -F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.438(shell. If)184 517.2 R(an)3.438 E 3.438(yj)-.15 G +F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.438(shell. If)184 541.2 R(an)3.438 E 3.438(yj)-.15 G .938(obs are running, this causes the e)-3.438 F .938 (xit to be deferred until a second e)-.15 F .939(xit is)-.15 F 2.203 -(attempted without an interv)184 529.2 R 2.203(ening command $see)-.15 +(attempted without an interv)184 553.2 R 2.203(ening command \(see)-.15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 2.203(JOB CONTR)4.703 F(OL)-.27 E F0(abo)4.453 E --.15(ve)-.15 G 4.703($. The).15 F(shell)4.703 E(al)184 541.2 Q -.1(wa) +-.15(ve)-.15 G 4.703(\). The).15 F(shell)4.703 E(al)184 565.2 Q -.1(wa) -.1 G(ys postpones e).1 E(xiting if an)-.15 E 2.5(yj)-.15 G -(obs are stopped.)-2.5 E F2(checkwinsize)144 553.2 Q F0 .796(If set,)184 -565.2 R F2(bash)3.296 E F0 .796(checks the windo)3.296 F 3.296(ws)-.25 G +(obs are stopped.)-2.5 E F2(checkwinsize)144 577.2 Q F0 .796(If set,)184 +589.2 R F2(bash)3.296 E F0 .796(checks the windo)3.296 F 3.296(ws)-.25 G .797(ize after each command and, if necessary)-3.296 F 3.297(,u)-.65 G -.797(pdates the)-3.297 F -.25(va)184 577.2 S(lues of).25 E F3(LINES)2.5 +.797(pdates the)-3.297 F -.25(va)184 601.2 S(lues of).25 E F3(LINES)2.5 E F0(and)2.25 E F3(COLUMNS)2.5 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F2(cmdhist) -144 589.2 Q F0 1.202(If set,)6.11 F F2(bash)3.702 E F0 1.202 +144 613.2 Q F0 1.202(If set,)6.11 F F2(bash)3.702 E F0 1.202 (attempts to sa)3.702 F 1.502 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 1.202 (ll lines of a multiple-line command in the same history).15 F(entry)184 -601.2 Q 5(.T)-.65 G(his allo)-5 E -(ws easy re-editing of multi-line commands.)-.25 E F2(compat31)144 613.2 -Q F0 .419(If set,)184 625.2 R F2(bash)2.919 E F0 .419(changes its beha) +625.2 Q 5(.T)-.65 G(his allo)-5 E +(ws easy re-editing of multi-line commands.)-.25 E F2(compat31)144 637.2 +Q F0 .419(If set,)184 649.2 R F2(bash)2.919 E F0 .419(changes its beha) 2.919 F .419(vior to that of v)-.2 F .42 (ersion 3.1 with respect to quoted ar)-.15 F(guments)-.18 E .462(to the) -184 637.2 R F2([[)2.962 E F0 .462(conditional command')2.962 F(s)-.55 E +184 661.2 R F2([[)2.962 E F0 .462(conditional command')2.962 F(s)-.55 E F2(=~)2.962 E F0 .462 (operator and locale-speci\214c string comparison when)2.962 F .71 -(using the)184 649.2 R F2([[)3.21 E F0 .71(conditional command')3.21 F +(using the)184 673.2 R F2([[)3.21 E F0 .71(conditional command')3.21 F (s)-.55 E F2(<)3.21 E F0(and)3.21 E F2(>)3.21 E F0 3.21(operators. Bash) 3.21 F -.15(ve)3.21 G .71(rsions prior to bash-4.1).15 F .821 -(use ASCII collation and)184 661.2 R F1(str)3.321 E(cmp)-.37 E F0 .821 +(use ASCII collation and)184 685.2 R F1(str)3.321 E(cmp)-.37 E F0 .821 ($3$; bash-4.1 and later use the current locale').19 F 3.32(sc)-.55 G -(ollation)-3.32 E(sequence and)184 673.2 Q F1(str)2.5 E(coll)-.37 E F0 -($3$.).51 E F2(compat32)144 685.2 Q F0 1.409(If set,)184 697.2 R F2 -(bash)3.909 E F0 1.409(changes its beha)3.909 F 1.409(vior to that of v) --.2 F 1.41(ersion 3.2 with respect to locale-speci\214c)-.15 F .423 -(string comparison when using the)184 709.2 R F2([[)2.922 E F0 .422 -(conditional command')2.922 F(s)-.55 E F2(<)2.922 E F0(and)2.922 E F2(>) -2.922 E F0 .422(operators $see pre-)2.922 F(vious item$.)184 721.2 Q -(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2013 March 4)146.79 E(67)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +(ollation)-3.32 E(sequence and)184 697.2 Q F1(str)2.5 E(coll)-.37 E F0 +($3$.).51 E(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2013 September 2)138.455 E(67) +187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 68 68 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH$1$ B).35 F(ASH$1$) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(compat40)144 84 Q F0 1.409(If set,)184 96 R +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(compat32)144 84 Q F0 1.409(If set,)184 96 R F1(bash)3.909 E F0 1.409(changes its beha)3.909 F 1.409 (vior to that of v)-.2 F 1.41 +(ersion 3.2 with respect to locale-speci\214c)-.15 F .423 +(string comparison when using the)184 108 R F1([[)2.922 E F0 .422 +(conditional command')2.922 F(s)-.55 E F1(<)2.922 E F0(and)2.922 E F1(>) +2.922 E F0 .422(operators $see pre-)2.922 F(vious item$.)184 120 Q F1 +(compat40)144 132 Q F0 1.409(If set,)184 144 R F1(bash)3.909 E F0 1.409 +(changes its beha)3.909 F 1.409(vior to that of v)-.2 F 1.41 (ersion 4.0 with respect to locale-speci\214c)-.15 F 2.008 -(string comparison when using the)184 108 R F1([[)4.508 E F0 2.007 +(string comparison when using the)184 156 R F1([[)4.508 E F0 2.007 (conditional command')4.508 F(s)-.55 E 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F0 .165 +(the directory name initially supplied does not e)184 480 Q(xist.)-.15 E +F1(dotglob)144 492 Q F0 .165(If set,)7.77 F F1(bash)2.665 E F0 .165 (includes \214lenames be)2.665 F .165(ginning with a `.)-.15 F 2.665('i) -.7 G 2.665(nt)-2.665 G .165(he results of pathname e)-2.665 F -(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(execfail)144 456 Q F0 1.386 +(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(execfail)144 504 Q F0 1.386 (If set, a non-interacti)7.79 F 1.686 -.15(ve s)-.25 H 1.386 (hell will not e).15 F 1.386(xit if it cannot e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -1.387(cute the \214le speci\214ed as an).15 F(ar)184 468 Q +1.387(cute the \214le speci\214ed as an).15 F(ar)184 516 Q (gument to the)-.18 E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command.).2 E (An interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hell does not e).15 E(xit if)-.15 -E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(expand_aliases)144 480 Q F0 -.717(If set, aliases are e)184 492 R .717(xpanded as described abo)-.15 +E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(expand_aliases)144 528 Q F0 +.717(If set, aliases are e)184 540 R .717(xpanded as described abo)-.15 F 1.017 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)3.217 E /F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .716(This option is enabled)5.217 F -(by def)184 504 Q(ault for interacti)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.) -.15 E F1(extdeb)144 516 Q(ug)-.2 E F0(If set, beha)184 528 Q +(by def)184 552 Q(ault for interacti)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.) +.15 E F1(extdeb)144 564 Q(ug)-.2 E F0(If set, beha)184 576 Q (vior intended for use by deb)-.2 E(uggers is enabled:)-.2 E F1(1.)184 -540 Q F0(The)28.5 E F14.25 E F0 1.75(option to the)4.25 F F1 +588 Q F0(The)28.5 E F14.25 E F0 1.75(option to the)4.25 F F1 (declar)4.251 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)4.251 G 1.751 (iltin displays the source \214le name and line).2 F -(number corresponding to each function name supplied as an ar)220 552 Q -(gument.)-.18 E F1(2.)184 564 Q F0 1.667(If the command run by the)28.5 +(number corresponding to each function name supplied as an ar)220 600 Q +(gument.)-.18 E F1(2.)184 612 Q F0 1.667(If the command run by the)28.5 F F1(DEB)4.167 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.667(trap returns a non-zero v)4.167 F -1.667(alue, the ne)-.25 F(xt)-.15 E(command is skipped and not e)220 576 -Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1(3.)184 588 Q F0 .84 +1.667(alue, the ne)-.25 F(xt)-.15 E(command is skipped and not e)220 624 +Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1(3.)184 636 Q F0 .84 (If the command run by the)28.5 F F1(DEB)3.34 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .841 (trap returns a v)3.341 F .841(alue of 2, and the shell is)-.25 F -.15 -(exe)220 600 S .488 +(exe)220 648 S .488 (cuting in a subroutine $a shell function or a shell script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .488(cuted by the).15 F F1(.)2.988 E F0(or)2.988 E F1 -(sour)220 612 Q(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltins$, a call to).2 E F1 --.18(re)2.5 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0(is simulated.)2.5 E F1(4.)184 624 Q +(sour)220 660 Q(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltins\), a call to).2 E F1 +-.18(re)2.5 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0(is simulated.)2.5 E F1(4.)184 672 Q F3 -.27(BA)28.5 G(SH_ARGC).27 E F0(and)3.153 E F3 -.27(BA)3.403 G (SH_ARGV).27 E F0 .904(are updated as described in their descriptions) -3.154 F(abo)220 636 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F1(5.)184 648 Q F0 1.359 +3.154 F(abo)220 684 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F1(5.)184 696 Q F0 1.359 (Function tracing is enabled:)28.5 F 1.359 (command substitution, shell functions, and sub-)6.359 F(shells in)220 -660 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1($)2.5 E F2 +708 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E F2 (command)2.5 E F1($)2.5 E F0(inherit the)2.5 E F1(DEB)2.5 E(UG)-.1 E F0 -(and)2.5 E F1(RETURN)2.5 E F0(traps.)2.5 E F1(6.)184 672 Q F0 .804 -(Error tracing is enabled:)28.5 F .805 -(command substitution, shell functions, and subshells)5.804 F(in)220 684 -Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1($)2.5 E F2 -(command)2.5 E F1($)2.5 E F0(inherit the)2.5 E F1(ERR)2.5 E F0(trap.) -2.5 E F1(extglob)144 696 Q F0 .4(If set, the e)8.89 F .4 -(xtended pattern matching features described abo)-.15 F .7 -.15(ve u) --.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.9 G .4(thname Expan-).1 F(sion)184 708 Q -F0(are enabled.)2.5 E(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2013 March 4)146.79 E(68) -195.95 E 0 Cg EP +(and)2.5 E F1(RETURN)2.5 E F0(traps.)2.5 E(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q +(2013 September 2)138.455 E(68)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 69 69 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH$1$ B).35 F(ASH$1$) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(extquote)144 84 Q F0 2.473(If set,)184 96 R -F1($)4.973 E F0<08>A/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(string)A F0 4.973<0861>C -(nd)-4.973 E F1($)4.973 E F0(")A F2(string)A F0 4.973("q)C 2.473 +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(6.)184 84 Q F0 .804 +(Error tracing is enabled:)28.5 F .805 +(command substitution, shell functions, and subshells)5.804 F(in)220 96 +Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1($)2.5 E/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(command)2.5 E F1($)2.5 E F0(inherit the)2.5 E F1 +(ERR)2.5 E F0(trap.)2.5 E F1(extglob)144 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F1(**)3.018 E F0 -.519(used in a pathname e)3.019 F .519(xpansion conte)-.15 F .519 -(xt will match all \214les and zero)-.15 F .432 -(or more directories and subdirectories.)184 276 R .431 -(If the pattern is follo)5.432 F .431(wed by a)-.25 F F1(/)2.931 E F0 -2.931(,o)C .431(nly directories)-2.931 F(and subdirectories match.)184 -288 Q F1(gnu_errfmt)144 300 Q F0(If set, shell error messages are writt\ -en in the standard GNU error message format.)184 312 Q F1(histappend)144 -324 Q F0 .676 +240 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(globasciiranges)144 252 Q F0 2.519(If set, range e) +184 264 R 2.519(xpressions used in pattern matching brack)-.15 F 2.518 +(et e)-.1 F 2.518(xpressions $see)-.15 F F3 -.09(Pa)5.018 G(tter).09 E +(n)-.135 E(Matching)184 276 Q F0(abo)2.964 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.214($b) +.15 G(eha)-3.214 E 1.014 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 3.214(si).15 G 3.214(fi)-3.214 +G 3.214(nt)-3.214 G .714 +(he traditional C locale when performing comparisons.)-3.214 F 1.02 +(That is, the current locale')184 288 R 3.52(sc)-.55 G 1.02 +(ollating sequence is not tak)-3.52 F 1.02(en into account, so)-.1 F F1 +(b)3.52 E F0 1.02(will not)3.52 F .956(collate between)184 300 R F1(A) +3.456 E F0(and)3.456 E F1(B)3.456 E F0 3.457(,a)C .957(nd upper)-3.457 F +.957(-case and lo)-.2 F(wer)-.25 E .957 +(-case ASCII characters will collate)-.2 F(together)184 312 Q(.)-.55 E +F1(globstar)144 324 Q F0 .519(If set, the pattern)5 F F1(**)3.019 E F0 +.519(used in a pathname e)3.019 F .519(xpansion conte)-.15 F .518 +(xt will match all \214les and zero)-.15 F .431 +(or more directories and subdirectories.)184 336 R .431 +(If the pattern is follo)5.431 F .432(wed by a)-.25 F F1(/)2.932 E F0 +2.932(,o)C .432(nly directories)-2.932 F(and subdirectories match.)184 +348 Q F1(gnu_errfmt)144 360 Q F0(If set, shell error messages are writt\ +en in the standard GNU error message format.)184 372 Q F1(histappend)144 +384 Q F0 .676 (If set, the history list is appended to the \214le named by the v)184 -336 R .676(alue of the)-.25 F F3(HISTFILE)3.177 E F0 -.25(va)2.927 G -(ri-).25 E(able when the shell e)184 348 Q(xits, rather than o)-.15 E --.15(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the \214le.).15 E F1(histr)144 360 Q(eedit)-.18 -E F0 .576(If set, and)184 372 R F1 -.18(re)3.076 G(adline).18 E F0 .575 -(is being used, a user is gi)3.076 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.075(nt).15 G .575 -(he opportunity to re-edit a f)-3.075 F .575(ailed his-)-.1 F -(tory substitution.)184 384 Q F1(histv)144 396 Q(erify)-.1 E F0 .402 -(If set, and)184 408 R F1 -.18(re)2.903 G(adline).18 E F0 .403 +396 R .676(alue of the)-.25 F F3(HISTFILE)3.176 E F0 -.25(va)2.926 G +(ri-).25 E(able when the shell e)184 408 Q(xits, rather than o)-.15 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the \214le.).15 E F1(histr)144 420 Q(eedit)-.18 +E F0 .575(If set, and)184 432 R F1 -.18(re)3.075 G(adline).18 E F0 .575 +(is being used, a user is gi)3.075 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.075(nt).15 G .576 +(he opportunity to re-edit a f)-3.075 F .576(ailed his-)-.1 F +(tory substitution.)184 444 Q F1(histv)144 456 Q(erify)-.1 E F0 .403 +(If set, and)184 468 R F1 -.18(re)2.903 G(adline).18 E F0 .403 (is being used, the results of history substitution are not immediately) -2.903 F .662(passed to the shell parser)184 420 R 5.662(.I)-.55 G .661 -(nstead, the resulting line is loaded into the)-5.662 F F1 -.18(re)3.161 -G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.161 E -.2(bu)184 432 S -.25(ff).2 G(er).25 E +2.903 F .661(passed to the shell parser)184 480 R 5.661(.I)-.55 G .662 +(nstead, the resulting line is loaded into the)-5.661 F F1 -.18(re)3.162 +G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.162 E -.2(bu)184 492 S -.25(ff).2 G(er).25 E 2.5(,a)-.4 G(llo)-2.5 E(wing further modi\214cation.)-.25 E F1 -(hostcomplete)144 444 Q F0 1.181(If set, and)184 456 R F1 -.18(re)3.681 -G(adline).18 E F0 1.181(is being used,)3.681 F F1(bash)3.682 E F0 1.182 -(will attempt to perform hostname completion)3.682 F 1.381(when a w)184 -468 R 1.381(ord containing a)-.1 F F1(@)3.881 E F0 1.381 -(is being completed $see)3.881 F F1(Completing)3.88 E F0(under)3.88 E -F3(READLINE)3.88 E F0(abo)184 480 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5($. This).15 F -(is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(huponexit)144 492 Q F0(If set,) -184 504 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(will send)2.5 E F3(SIGHUP)2.5 E F0 +(hostcomplete)144 504 Q F0 1.182(If set, and)184 516 R F1 -.18(re)3.682 +G(adline).18 E F0 1.182(is being used,)3.682 F F1(bash)3.682 E F0 1.181 +(will attempt to perform hostname completion)3.681 F 1.38(when a w)184 +528 R 1.38(ord containing a)-.1 F F1(@)3.881 E F0 1.381 +(is being completed $see)3.881 F F1(Completing)3.881 E F0(under)3.881 E +F3(READLINE)3.881 E F0(abo)184 540 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5($. This).15 F +(is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(huponexit)144 552 Q F0(If set,) +184 564 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(will send)2.5 E F3(SIGHUP)2.5 E F0 (to all jobs when an interacti)2.25 E .3 -.15(ve l)-.25 H(ogin shell e) -.15 E(xits.)-.15 E F1(interacti)144 516 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(_comments).1 E F0 -.33(If set, allo)184 528 R 2.83(waw)-.25 G .33(ord be)-2.93 F .33 +.15 E(xits.)-.15 E F1(interacti)144 576 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(_comments).1 E F0 +.33(If set, allo)184 588 R 2.83(waw)-.25 G .33(ord be)-2.93 F .33 (ginning with)-.15 F F1(#)2.83 E F0 .33(to cause that w)2.83 F .33 (ord and all remaining characters on)-.1 F .967 -(that line to be ignored in an interacti)184 540 R 1.267 -.15(ve s)-.25 +(that line to be ignored in an interacti)184 600 R 1.267 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .967(hell $see).15 F F3(COMMENTS)3.467 E F0(abo)3.217 E -.15(ve)-.15 -G 3.467($. This).15 F .967(option is)3.467 F(enabled by def)184 552 Q -(ault.)-.1 E F1(lastpipe)144 564 Q F0 1.211 +G 3.467(\). This).15 F .968(option is)3.468 F(enabled by def)184 612 Q +(ault.)-.1 E F1(lastpipe)144 624 Q F0 1.212 (If set, and job control is not acti)6.66 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.712(,t).15 G 1.212(he shell runs the last command of a pipeline not)-3.712 F -.15 -(exe)184 576 S(cuted in the background in the current shell en).15 E -(vironment.)-.4 E F1(lithist)144 588 Q F0 .655(If set, and the)15.55 F -F1(cmdhist)3.155 E F0 .654 +(exe)184 636 S(cuted in the background in the current shell en).15 E +(vironment.)-.4 E F1(lithist)144 648 Q F0 .654(If set, and the)15.55 F +F1(cmdhist)3.154 E F0 .654 (option is enabled, multi-line commands are sa)3.154 F -.15(ve)-.2 G -3.154(dt).15 G 3.154(ot)-3.154 G .654(he history)-3.154 F -(with embedded ne)184 600 Q +3.155(dt).15 G 3.155(ot)-3.155 G .655(he history)-3.155 F +(with embedded ne)184 660 Q (wlines rather than using semicolon separators where possible.)-.25 E F1 -(login_shell)144 612 Q F0 .486 +(login_shell)144 672 Q F0 .486 (The shell sets this option if it is started as a login shell $see)184 -624 R F3(INV)2.987 E(OCA)-.405 E(TION)-.855 E F0(abo)2.737 E -.15(ve) --.15 G 2.987($. The).15 F -.25(va)184 636 S(lue may not be changed.).25 -E F1(mailwar)144 648 Q(n)-.15 E F0 .815(If set, and a \214le that)184 -660 R F1(bash)3.315 E F0 .814 -(is checking for mail has been accessed since the last time it)3.315 F --.1(wa)184 672 S 2.5(sc).1 G(heck)-2.5 E(ed, the message `)-.1 E -(`The mail in)-.74 E F2(mail\214le)2.5 E F0(has been read')2.5 E 2.5('i) --.74 G 2.5(sd)-2.5 G(isplayed.)-2.5 E F1(no_empty_cmd_completion)144 684 -Q F0 .324(If set, and)184 696 R F1 -.18(re)2.824 G(adline).18 E F0 .324 -(is being used,)2.824 F F1(bash)2.824 E F0 .324 -(will not attempt to search the)2.824 F F3 -.666(PA)2.825 G(TH)-.189 E -F0 .325(for possible)2.575 F -(completions when completion is attempted on an empty line.)184 708 Q -(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2013 March 4)146.79 E(69)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +684 R F3(INV)2.986 E(OCA)-.405 E(TION)-.855 E F0(abo)2.736 E -.15(ve) +-.15 G 2.986(\). The).15 F -.25(va)184 696 S(lue may not be changed.).25 +E(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2013 September 2)138.455 E(69)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 70 70 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH$1$ B).35 F(ASH$1$) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(nocaseglob)144 84 Q F0 .437(If set,)184 96 -R F1(bash)2.937 E F0 .436(matches \214lenames in a case\255insensiti) -2.937 F .736 -.15(ve f)-.25 H .436(ashion when performing pathname).05 F --.15(ex)184 108 S(pansion $see).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.5 G(thname Expansion) -.1 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G($.).15 E F1(nocasematch)144 120 Q F0 -1.193(If set,)184 132 R F1(bash)3.693 E F0 1.194 -(matches patterns in a case\255insensiti)3.693 F 1.494 -.15(ve f)-.25 H -1.194(ashion when performing matching).05 F(while e)184 144 Q -.15(xe) --.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(case)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1([[)2.5 E F0 -(conditional commands.)2.5 E F1(nullglob)144 156 Q F0 .855(If set,)184 -168 R F1(bash)3.355 E F0(allo)3.355 E .855 -(ws patterns which match no \214les $see)-.25 F F1 -.1(Pa)3.354 G .854 -(thname Expansion).1 F F0(abo)3.354 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.354($t).15 G(o) --3.354 E -.15(ex)184 180 S(pand to a null string, rather than themselv) -.15 E(es.)-.15 E F1(pr)144 192 Q(ogcomp)-.18 E F0 .676 -(If set, the programmable completion f)184 204 R .677(acilities $see) --.1 F F1(Pr)3.177 E .677(ogrammable Completion)-.18 F F0(abo)3.177 E --.15(ve)-.15 G($).15 E(are enabled.)184 216 Q -(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(pr)144 228 Q(omptv) --.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 1.448(If set, prompt strings under)184 240 R 1.448 -(go parameter e)-.18 F 1.447(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic) --.15 F -.15(ex)184 252 S .17(pansion, and quote remo).15 F -.25(va)-.15 +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(mailwar)144 84 Q(n)-.15 E F0 .814 +(If set, and a \214le that)184 96 R F1(bash)3.314 E F0 .815 +(is checking for mail has been accessed since the last time it)3.314 F +-.1(wa)184 108 S 2.5(sc).1 G(heck)-2.5 E(ed, the message `)-.1 E +(`The mail in)-.74 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(mail\214le)2.5 E F0 +(has been read')2.5 E 2.5('i)-.74 G 2.5(sd)-2.5 G(isplayed.)-2.5 E F1 +(no_empty_cmd_completion)144 120 Q F0 .325(If set, and)184 132 R F1 -.18 +(re)2.825 G(adline).18 E F0 .325(is being used,)2.825 F F1(bash)2.824 E +F0 .324(will not attempt to search the)2.824 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF +-.666(PA)2.824 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .324(for possible)2.574 F +(completions when completion is attempted on an empty line.)184 144 Q F1 +(nocaseglob)144 156 Q F0 .436(If set,)184 168 R F1(bash)2.936 E F0 .436 +(matches \214lenames in a case\255insensiti)2.936 F .737 -.15(ve f)-.25 +H .437(ashion when performing pathname).05 F -.15(ex)184 180 S +(pansion $see).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.5 G(thname Expansion).1 E F0(abo)2.5 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G($.).15 E F1(nocasematch)144 192 Q F0 1.194(If set,)184 +204 R F1(bash)3.694 E F0 1.194(matches patterns in a case\255insensiti) +3.694 F 1.493 -.15(ve f)-.25 H 1.193(ashion when performing matching).05 +F(while e)184 216 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(case)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 +E F1([[)2.5 E F0(conditional commands.)2.5 E F1(nullglob)144 228 Q F0 +.854(If set,)184 240 R F1(bash)3.354 E F0(allo)3.354 E .855 +(ws patterns which match no \214les $see)-.25 F F1 -.1(Pa)3.355 G .855 +(thname Expansion).1 F F0(abo)3.355 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.355($t).15 G(o) +-3.355 E -.15(ex)184 252 S(pand to a null string, rather than themselv) +.15 E(es.)-.15 E F1(pr)144 264 Q(ogcomp)-.18 E F0 .677 +(If set, the programmable completion f)184 276 R .677(acilities $see) +-.1 F F1(Pr)3.176 E .676(ogrammable Completion)-.18 F F0(abo)3.176 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G($).15 E(are enabled.)184 288 Q +(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(pr)144 300 Q(omptv) +-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 1.447(If set, prompt strings under)184 312 R 1.448 +(go parameter e)-.18 F 1.448(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic) +-.15 F -.15(ex)184 324 S .171(pansion, and quote remo).15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.67(la).25 G .17(fter being e)-2.67 F .17(xpanded as described in) --.15 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(PR)2.671 E(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(abo)2.421 E --.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E(This option is enabled by def)184 264 Q(ault.)-.1 -E F1 -.18(re)144 276 S(stricted_shell).18 E F0 1.069 +-.15 F F3(PR)2.67 E(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(abo)2.42 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E +(This option is enabled by def)184 336 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)144 348 +S(stricted_shell).18 E F0 1.069 (The shell sets this option if it is started in restricted mode $see) -184 288 R F2 1.069(RESTRICTED SHELL)3.569 F F0(belo)184 300 Q 4.178 +184 360 R F3 1.069(RESTRICTED SHELL)3.569 F F0(belo)184 372 Q 4.178 (w$. The)-.25 F -.25(va)4.178 G 1.678(lue may not be changed.).25 F 1.678(This is not reset when the startup \214les are)6.678 F -.15(exe) -184 312 S(cuted, allo).15 E(wing the startup \214les to disco)-.25 E +184 384 S(cuted, allo).15 E(wing the startup \214les to disco)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(rw).15 G(hether or not a shell is restricted.)-2.5 E -F1(shift_v)144 324 Q(erbose)-.1 E F0 .502(If set, the)184 336 R F1 -(shift)3.002 E F0 -.2(bu)3.002 G .501 -(iltin prints an error message when the shift count e).2 F .501 -(xceeds the number)-.15 F(of positional parameters.)184 348 Q F1(sour) -144 360 Q(cepath)-.18 E F0 .77(If set, the)184 372 R F1(sour)3.27 E(ce) --.18 E F0($)3.27 E F1(.)A F0 3.27($b)C .77(uiltin uses the v)-3.47 F -.771(alue of)-.25 F F2 -.666(PA)3.271 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .771 -(to \214nd the directory containing the)3.021 F -(\214le supplied as an ar)184 384 Q 2.5(gument. This)-.18 F -(option is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(xpg_echo)144 396 Q F0 -(If set, the)184 408 Q F1(echo)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin e).2 E -(xpands backslash-escape sequences by def)-.15 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(suspend) -108 424.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F0(])A 1.002(Suspend the e)144 436.8 R --.15(xe)-.15 G 1.002(cution of this shell until it recei).15 F -.15(ve) --.25 G 3.501(sa).15 G F2(SIGCONT)A F0 3.501(signal. A)3.251 F 1.001 -(login shell cannot be)3.501 F .022(suspended; the)144 448.8 R F1 -2.522 E F0 .022(option can be used to o)2.522 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .022 -(rride this and force the suspension.).15 F .023(The return status is) -5.023 F 2.5(0u)144 460.8 S(nless the shell is a login shell and)-2.5 E +F1(shift_v)144 396 Q(erbose)-.1 E F0 .501(If set, the)184 408 R F1 +(shift)3.001 E F0 -.2(bu)3.001 G .501 +(iltin prints an error message when the shift count e).2 F .502 +(xceeds the number)-.15 F(of positional parameters.)184 420 Q F1(sour) +144 432 Q(cepath)-.18 E F0 .771(If set, the)184 444 R F1(sour)3.271 E +(ce)-.18 E F0($)3.271 E F1(.)A F0 3.271($b)C .771(uiltin uses the v) +-3.471 F .771(alue of)-.25 F F3 -.666(PA)3.27 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .77 +(to \214nd the directory containing the)3.02 F(\214le supplied as an ar) +184 456 Q 2.5(gument. This)-.18 F(option is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.) +-.1 E F1(xpg_echo)144 468 Q F0(If set, the)184 480 Q F1(echo)2.5 E F0 +-.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin e).2 E(xpands backslash-escape sequences by def)-.15 +E(ault.)-.1 E F1(suspend)108 496.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F0(])A 1.001 +(Suspend the e)144 508.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.001 +(cution of this shell until it recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.501(sa).15 G +F3(SIGCONT)A F0 3.502(signal. A)3.252 F 1.002(login shell cannot be) +3.502 F .023(suspended; the)144 520.8 R F12.523 E F0 .023 +(option can be used to o)2.523 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .022 +(rride this and force the suspension.).15 F .022(The return status is) +5.022 F 2.5(0u)144 532.8 S(nless the shell is a login shell and)-2.5 E F12.5 E F0(is not supplied, or if job control is not enabled.)2.5 -E F1(test)108 477.6 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1([) -108 489.6 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(])2.5 E F0 .878 -(Return a status of 0 $true$ or 1 $f)6.77 F .877 -(alse$ depending on the e)-.1 F -.25(va)-.25 G .877 -(luation of the conditional e).25 F(xpression)-.15 E F3 -.2(ex)144 501.6 +E F1(test)108 549.6 Q F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1([)108 561.6 Q F2 -.2 +(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(])2.5 E F0 .877 +(Return a status of 0 $true$ or 1 $f)6.77 F .878 +(alse$ depending on the e)-.1 F -.25(va)-.25 G .878 +(luation of the conditional e).25 F(xpression)-.15 E F2 -.2(ex)144 573.6 S(pr).2 E F0 5.53(.E).73 G .53 (ach operator and operand must be a separate ar)-5.53 F 3.03 -(gument. Expressions)-.18 F .53(are composed of the)3.03 F 3.08 -(primaries described abo)144 513.6 R 3.38 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2 -(CONDITION)5.58 E 3.079(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A -F1(test)7.579 E F0 3.079(does not accept an)5.579 F(y)-.15 E -(options, nor does it accept and ignore an ar)144 525.6 Q(gument of)-.18 -E F12.5 E F0(as signifying the end of options.)2.5 E .785 -(Expressions may be combined using the follo)144 543.6 R .786 -(wing operators, listed in decreasing order of prece-)-.25 F 3.412 -(dence. The)144 555.6 R -.25(eva)3.412 G .912 -(luation depends on the number of ar).25 F .911(guments; see belo)-.18 F -4.711 -.65(w. O)-.25 H .911(perator precedence is).65 F -(used when there are \214v)144 567.6 Q 2.5(eo)-.15 G 2.5(rm)-2.5 G -(ore ar)-2.5 E(guments.)-.18 E F1(!)144 579.6 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E -F0 -.35(Tr)12.6 G(ue if).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0(is f)3.23 E -(alse.)-.1 E F1($)144 591.6 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1($)2.5 E F0 -.26(Returns the v)6.77 F .26(alue of)-.25 F F3 -.2(ex)2.76 G(pr).2 E F0 +(gument. Expressions)-.18 F .53(are composed of the)3.03 F 3.079 +(primaries described abo)144 585.6 R 3.379 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E +F3(CONDITION)5.579 E 3.079(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF +(.)A F1(test)7.579 E F0 3.08(does not accept an)5.58 F(y)-.15 E +(options, nor does it accept and ignore an ar)144 597.6 Q(gument of)-.18 +E F12.5 E F0(as signifying the end of options.)2.5 E .786 +(Expressions may be combined using the follo)144 615.6 R .785 +(wing operators, listed in decreasing order of prece-)-.25 F 3.411 +(dence. The)144 627.6 R -.25(eva)3.411 G .911 +(luation depends on the number of ar).25 F .912(guments; see belo)-.18 F +4.712 -.65(w. O)-.25 H .912(perator precedence is).65 F +(used when there are \214v)144 639.6 Q 2.5(eo)-.15 G 2.5(rm)-2.5 G +(ore ar)-2.5 E(guments.)-.18 E F1(!)144 651.6 Q F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E +F0 -.35(Tr)12.6 G(ue if).35 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0(is f)3.23 E +(alse.)-.1 E F1($)144 663.6 Q F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1($)2.5 E F0 +.26(Returns the v)6.77 F .26(alue of)-.25 F F2 -.2(ex)2.76 G(pr).2 E F0 5.26(.T)C .26(his may be used to o)-5.26 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .26 -(rride the normal precedence of opera-).15 F(tors.)180 603.6 Q F3 -.2 -(ex)144 615.6 S(pr1).2 E F02.5 E F1(a)A F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 --.35(Tr)180 627.6 S(ue if both).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(and)2.5 -E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(are true.)2.52 E F3 -.2(ex)144 639.6 S -(pr1).2 E F02.5 E F1(o)A F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35(Tr)180 -651.6 S(ue if either).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(or)2.5 E F3 -.2 -(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(is true.)2.52 E F1(test)144 668.4 Q F0(and)2.5 E -F1([)2.5 E F0 -.25(eva)2.5 G(luate conditional e).25 E -(xpressions using a set of rules based on the number of ar)-.15 E -(guments.)-.18 E 2.5(0a)144 686.4 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E(The e) -180 698.4 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q -(2013 March 4)146.79 E(70)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +(rride the normal precedence of opera-).15 F(tors.)180 675.6 Q F2 -.2 +(ex)144 687.6 S(pr1).2 E F02.5 E F1(a)A F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 +-.35(Tr)180 699.6 S(ue if both).35 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(and)2.5 +E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(are true.)2.52 E(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q +(2013 September 2)138.455 E(70)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 71 71 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH$1$ B).35 F(ASH$1$) --.35 E 2.5(1a)144 84 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(ument).18 E(The e)180 96 Q +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)144 84 S(pr1).2 E F02.5 E/F2 +10/Times-Bold@0 SF(o)A F1 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35(Tr)180 96 S +(ue if either).35 E F1 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(or)2.5 E F1 -.2(ex)2.5 G +(pr2).2 E F0(is true.)2.52 E F2(test)144 112.8 Q F0(and)2.5 E F2([)2.5 E +F0 -.25(eva)2.5 G(luate conditional e).25 E +(xpressions using a set of rules based on the number of ar)-.15 E +(guments.)-.18 E 2.5(0a)144 130.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E(The e) +180 142.8 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(1a)144 154.8 S -.18 +(rg)-2.5 G(ument).18 E(The e)180 166.8 Q (xpression is true if and only if the ar)-.15 E(gument is not null.)-.18 -E 2.5(2a)144 108 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .37(If the \214rst ar)180 -120 R .37(gument is)-.18 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(!)2.87 E F0 2.87(,t)C -.37(he e)-2.87 F .37(xpression is true if and only if the second ar)-.15 -F .37(gument is null.)-.18 F .379(If the \214rst ar)180 132 R .38 -(gument is one of the unary conditional operators listed abo)-.18 F .68 --.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(CONDI-)2.88 E(TION)180 -144 Q .553(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 .552 +E 2.5(2a)144 178.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .37(If the \214rst ar) +180 190.8 R .37(gument is)-.18 F F2(!)2.87 E F0 2.87(,t)C .37(he e)-2.87 +F .37(xpression is true if and only if the second ar)-.15 F .37 +(gument is null.)-.18 F .38(If the \214rst ar)180 202.8 R .38 +(gument is one of the unary conditional operators listed abo)-.18 F .679 +-.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(CONDI-)2.879 E(TION)180 +214.8 Q .552(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 .552 (the e)2.802 F .552(xpression is true if the unary test is true.)-.15 F -.552(If the \214rst ar)5.552 F(gu-)-.18 E(ment is not a v)180 156 Q +.552(If the \214rst ar)5.552 F(gu-)-.18 E(ment is not a v)180 226.8 Q (alid unary conditional operator)-.25 E 2.5(,t)-.4 G(he e)-2.5 E -(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(3a)144 168 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G -(uments).18 E .236(The follo)180 180 R .236 +(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(3a)144 238.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G +(uments).18 E .236(The follo)180 250.8 R .236 (wing conditions are applied in the order listed.)-.25 F .236 (If the second ar)5.236 F .236(gument is one of)-.18 F .855 -(the binary conditional operators listed abo)180 192 R 1.155 -.15(ve u) --.15 H(nder).15 E F2(CONDITION)3.355 E .855(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F F3(,)A -F0(the)3.104 E .578(result of the e)180 204 R .578(xpression is the res\ -ult of the binary test using the \214rst and third ar)-.15 F(guments) --.18 E 1.333(as operands.)180 216 R(The)6.333 E F13.833 E F0(and) -3.833 E F13.832 E F0 1.332 +(the binary conditional operators listed abo)180 262.8 R 1.155 -.15 +(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F3(CONDITION)3.355 E .855(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F +F4(,)A F0(the)3.105 E .579(result of the e)180 274.8 R .578(xpression i\ +s the result of the binary test using the \214rst and third ar)-.15 F +(guments)-.18 E 1.332(as operands.)180 286.8 R(The)6.332 E F23.832 +E F0(and)3.832 E F23.832 E F0 1.333 (operators are considered binary operators when there are)3.832 F .558 -(three ar)180 228 R 3.058(guments. If)-.18 F .558(the \214rst ar)3.058 F -.558(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)3.058 E F0 3.058(,t)C .558(he v)-3.058 F .558 -(alue is the ne)-.25 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .558(tion of the tw).05 F(o-ar)-.1 -E(gument)-.18 E .521(test using the second and third ar)180 240 R 3.021 -(guments. If)-.18 F .521(the \214rst ar)3.021 F .52(gument is e)-.18 F -(xactly)-.15 E F1($)3.02 E F0 .52(and the third)3.02 F(ar)180 252 Q -.485(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F1($)2.985 E F0 2.985(,t)C .485 -(he result is the one-ar)-2.985 F .485(gument test of the second ar)-.18 -F 2.985(gument. Other)-.18 F(-)-.2 E(wise, the e)180 264 Q -(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(4a)144 276 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G -(uments).18 E .385(If the \214rst ar)180 288 R .385(gument is)-.18 F F1 -(!)2.885 E F0 2.885(,t)C .385(he result is the ne)-2.885 F -.05(ga)-.15 -G .384(tion of the three-ar).05 F .384(gument e)-.18 F .384 -(xpression com-)-.15 F 1.647(posed of the remaining ar)180 300 R 4.147 -(guments. Otherwise,)-.18 F 1.647(the e)4.147 F 1.648 -(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G(luated).25 E -(according to precedence using the rules listed abo)180 312 Q -.15(ve) --.15 G(.).15 E 2.5(5o)144 324 S 2.5(rm)-2.5 G(ore ar)-2.5 E(guments)-.18 -E 1.635(The e)180 336 R 1.635(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va) --.25 G 1.635(luated according to precedence using the rules listed).25 F -(abo)180 348 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E(When used with)144 366 Q F1(test) -2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1([)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(he)-2.5 E F1(<)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 -E F1(>)2.5 E F0(operators sort le)2.5 E -(xicographically using ASCII ordering.)-.15 E F1(times)108 382.8 Q F0 +(three ar)180 298.8 R 3.058(guments. If)-.18 F .558(the \214rst ar)3.058 +F .558(gument is)-.18 F F2(!)3.058 E F0 3.058(,t)C .558(he v)-3.058 F +.558(alue is the ne)-.25 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .558(tion of the tw).05 F +(o-ar)-.1 E(gument)-.18 E .52(test using the second and third ar)180 +310.8 R 3.021(guments. If)-.18 F .521(the \214rst ar)3.021 F .521 +(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F2($)3.021 E F0 .521(and the third) +3.021 F(ar)180 322.8 Q .485(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F2($)2.985 +E F0 2.985(,t)C .485(he result is the one-ar)-2.985 F .485 +(gument test of the second ar)-.18 F 2.985(gument. Other)-.18 F(-)-.2 E +(wise, the e)180 334.8 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(4a)144 +346.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .384(If the \214rst ar)180 358.8 R +.384(gument is)-.18 F F2(!)2.884 E F0 2.885(,t)C .385 +(he result is the ne)-2.885 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .385(tion of the three-ar) +.05 F .385(gument e)-.18 F .385(xpression com-)-.15 F 1.648 +(posed of the remaining ar)180 370.8 R 4.147(guments. Otherwise,)-.18 F +1.647(the e)4.147 F 1.647(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 +G(luated).25 E(according to precedence using the rules listed abo)180 +382.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E 2.5(5o)144 394.8 S 2.5(rm)-2.5 G(ore ar) +-2.5 E(guments)-.18 E 1.635(The e)180 406.8 R 1.635 +(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.635 +(luated according to precedence using the rules listed).25 F(abo)180 +418.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E(When used with)144 436.8 Q F2(test)2.5 E +F0(or)2.5 E F2([)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(he)-2.5 E F2(<)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F2 +(>)2.5 E F0(operators sort le)2.5 E +(xicographically using ASCII ordering.)-.15 E F2(times)108 453.6 Q F0 1.229(Print the accumulated user and system times for the shell and for\ - processes run from the shell.)13.23 F(The return status is 0.)144 394.8 -Q F1(trap)108 411.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lp)A F0 2.5(][)C([)-2.5 E/F4 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(])A F4(sigspec)2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.703(The command)144 423.6 R F4(ar)3.533 E(g)-.37 E F0 .703 -(is to be read and e)3.423 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .702 -(cuted when the shell recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.202(ss).15 G -(ignal$s$)-3.202 E F4(sigspec)3.202 E F0 5.702(.I).31 G(f)-5.702 E F4 -(ar)3.532 E(g)-.37 E F0(is)3.422 E .608(absent $and there is a single) -144 435.6 R F4(sigspec)3.108 E F0 3.108($o)C(r)-3.108 E F13.108 E -F0 3.108(,e)C .608 + processes run from the shell.)13.23 F(The return status is 0.)144 465.6 +Q F2(trap)108 482.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255lp)A F0 2.5(][)C([)-2.5 E F1(ar) +A(g)-.37 E F0(])A F1(sigspec)2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .702(The command)144 +494.4 R F1(ar)3.532 E(g)-.37 E F0 .702(is to be read and e)3.422 F -.15 +(xe)-.15 G .702(cuted when the shell recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.203 +(ss).15 G(ignal$s$)-3.203 E F1(sigspec)3.203 E F0 5.703(.I).31 G(f) +-5.703 E F1(ar)3.533 E(g)-.37 E F0(is)3.423 E .609 +(absent $and there is a single)144 506.4 R F1(sigspec)3.108 E F0 3.108 +($o)C(r)-3.108 E F23.108 E F0 3.108(,e)C .608 (ach speci\214ed signal is reset to its original disposition)-3.108 F -.659($the v)144 447.6 R .659(alue it had upon entrance to the shell$.) --.25 F(If)5.658 E F4(ar)3.488 E(g)-.37 E F0 .658 -(is the null string the signal speci\214ed by each)3.378 F F4(sigspec) -144.34 459.6 Q F0 .58(is ignored by the shell and by the commands it in) -3.39 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.081(s. If).1 F F4(ar)3.411 E(g)-.37 E -F0 .581(is not present and)3.301 F F13.081 E F0(has)3.081 E 1.215 -(been supplied, then the trap commands associated with each)144 471.6 R -F4(sigspec)4.054 E F0 1.214(are displayed.)4.024 F 1.214(If no ar)6.214 -F(gu-)-.18 E .86(ments are supplied or if only)144 483.6 R F13.36 -E F0 .86(is gi)3.36 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n,).15 E F1(trap)3.36 E F0 .86 +.658($the v)144 518.4 R .658(alue it had upon entrance to the shell$.) +-.25 F(If)5.658 E F1(ar)3.488 E(g)-.37 E F0 .659 +(is the null string the signal speci\214ed by each)3.378 F F1(sigspec) +144.34 530.4 Q F0 .581 +(is ignored by the shell and by the commands it in)3.391 F -.2(vo)-.4 G +-.1(ke).2 G 3.08(s. If).1 F F1(ar)3.41 E(g)-.37 E F0 .58 +(is not present and)3.3 F F23.08 E F0(has)3.08 E 1.214 +(been supplied, then the trap commands associated with each)144 542.4 R +F1(sigspec)4.054 E F0 1.215(are displayed.)4.024 F 1.215(If no ar)6.215 +F(gu-)-.18 E .86(ments are supplied or if only)144 554.4 R F23.36 +E F0 .86(is gi)3.36 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n,).15 E F2(trap)3.36 E F0 .86 (prints the list of commands associated with each)3.36 F 2.83 -(signal. The)144 495.6 R F12.83 E F0 .33(option causes the shell \ -to print a list of signal names and their corresponding num-)2.83 F 4.31 -(bers. Each)144 507.6 R F4(sigspec)4.65 E F0 1.811 -(is either a signal name de\214ned in <)4.62 F F4(signal.h)A F0 1.811 -(>, or a signal number)B 6.811(.S)-.55 G(ignal)-6.811 E -(names are case insensiti)144 519.6 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(nd the).15 E -F2(SIG)2.5 E F0(pre\214x is optional.)2.25 E 1.649(If a)144 537.6 R F4 -(sigspec)4.489 E F0(is)4.459 E F2(EXIT)4.149 E F0 1.649 -($0$ the command)3.899 F F4(ar)4.479 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.649(is e)4.369 F --.15(xe)-.15 G 1.649(cuted on e).15 F 1.648(xit from the shell.)-.15 F -1.648(If a)6.648 F F4(sigspec)4.488 E F0(is)4.458 E F2(DEB)144 549.6 Q -(UG)-.09 E F3(,)A F0 1.167(the command)3.417 F F4(ar)3.997 E(g)-.37 E F0 -1.167(is e)3.887 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.167(cuted before e).15 F -.15(ve) --.25 G(ry).15 E F4 1.168(simple command)3.667 F F0(,)A F4(for)3.668 E F0 -(command,)3.668 E F4(case)3.668 E F0(com-)3.668 E(mand,)144 561.6 Q F4 -(select)2.647 E F0 .147(command, e)2.647 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .147 -(ry arithmetic).15 F F4(for)2.647 E F0 .146 -(command, and before the \214rst command e)2.647 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .146 -(cutes in a).15 F .145(shell function $see)144 573.6 R F2 .145 -(SHELL GRAMMAR)2.645 F F0(abo)2.395 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.646($. Refer).15 -F .146(to the description of the)2.646 F F1(extdeb)2.646 E(ug)-.2 E F0 -.146(option to)2.646 F(the)144 585.6 Q F1(shopt)3.201 E F0 -.2(bu)3.201 -G .7(iltin for details of its ef).2 F .7(fect on the)-.25 F F1(DEB)3.2 E -(UG)-.1 E F0 3.2(trap. If)3.2 F(a)3.2 E F4(sigspec)3.54 E F0(is)3.51 E -F2(RETURN)3.2 E F3(,)A F0 .7(the com-)2.95 F(mand)144 597.6 Q F4(ar) -3.473 E(g)-.37 E F0 .643(is e)3.363 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .643 +(signal. The)144 566.4 R F22.83 E F0 .33(option causes the shell \ +to print a list of signal names and their corresponding num-)2.83 F +4.311(bers. Each)144 578.4 R F1(sigspec)4.651 E F0 1.811 +(is either a signal name de\214ned in <)4.621 F F1(signal.h)A F0 1.81 +(>, or a signal number)B 6.81(.S)-.55 G(ignal)-6.81 E +(names are case insensiti)144 590.4 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(nd the).15 E +F3(SIG)2.5 E F0(pre\214x is optional.)2.25 E 1.648(If a)144 608.4 R F1 +(sigspec)4.488 E F0(is)4.458 E F3(EXIT)4.148 E F0 1.648 +($0$ the command)3.898 F F1(ar)4.479 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.649(is e)4.369 F +-.15(xe)-.15 G 1.649(cuted on e).15 F 1.649(xit from the shell.)-.15 F +1.649(If a)6.649 F F1(sigspec)4.489 E F0(is)4.459 E F3(DEB)144 620.4 Q +(UG)-.09 E F4(,)A F0 1.168(the command)3.418 F F1(ar)3.998 E(g)-.37 E F0 +1.168(is e)3.888 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.167(cuted before e).15 F -.15(ve) +-.25 G(ry).15 E F1 1.167(simple command)3.667 F F0(,)A F1(for)3.667 E F0 +(command,)3.667 E F1(case)3.667 E F0(com-)3.667 E(mand,)144 632.4 Q F1 +(select)2.646 E F0 .146(command, e)2.646 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .146 +(ry arithmetic).15 F F1(for)2.646 E F0 .147 +(command, and before the \214rst command e)2.646 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .147 +(cutes in a).15 F .146(shell function $see)144 644.4 R F3 .146 +(SHELL GRAMMAR)2.646 F F0(abo)2.396 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.646($. Refer).15 +F .146(to the description of the)2.646 F F2(extdeb)2.645 E(ug)-.2 E F0 +.145(option to)2.645 F(the)144 656.4 Q F2(shopt)3.2 E F0 -.2(bu)3.2 G .7 +(iltin for details of its ef).2 F .7(fect on the)-.25 F F2(DEB)3.2 E(UG) +-.1 E F0 3.2(trap. If)3.2 F(a)3.2 E F1(sigspec)3.54 E F0(is)3.51 E F3 +(RETURN)3.2 E F4(,)A F0 .701(the com-)2.951 F(mand)144 668.4 Q F1(ar) +3.474 E(g)-.37 E F0 .644(is e)3.364 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .643 (cuted each time a shell function or a script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -.644(cuted with the).15 F F1(.)3.144 E F0(or)3.144 E F1(sour)3.144 E(ce) --.18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.144 G(iltins).2 E(\214nishes e)144 609.6 Q -.15(xe) --.15 G(cuting.).15 E .522(If a)144 627.6 R F4(sigspec)3.362 E F0(is) -3.332 E F2(ERR)3.022 E F3(,)A F0 .522(the command)2.772 F F4(ar)3.352 E +.643(cuted with the).15 F F2(.)3.143 E F0(or)3.143 E F2(sour)3.143 E(ce) +-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.143 G(iltins).2 E(\214nishes e)144 680.4 Q -.15(xe) +-.15 G(cuting.).15 E .521(If a)144 698.4 R F1(sigspec)3.361 E F0(is) +3.331 E F3(ERR)3.021 E F4(,)A F0 .522(the command)2.771 F F1(ar)3.352 E (g)-.37 E F0 .522(is e)3.242 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .522(cuted whene).15 F --.15(ve)-.25 G 3.022(raap).15 G .521(ipeline $which may consist of a) +-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.022(raap).15 G .522(ipeline \(which may consist of a) -3.022 F .185(single simple command$, a list, or a compound command re\ -turns a non\255zero e)144 639.6 R .185(xit status, subject to)-.15 F -.452(the follo)144 651.6 R .452(wing conditions.)-.25 F(The)5.452 E F2 -(ERR)2.952 E F0 .451(trap is not e)2.701 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .451 -(cuted if the f).15 F .451(ailed command is part of the com-)-.1 F .387 -(mand list immediately follo)144 663.6 R .387(wing a)-.25 F F1(while) -2.887 E F0(or)2.887 E F1(until)2.888 E F0 -.1(ke)2.888 G(yw)-.05 E .388 -(ord, part of the test in an)-.1 F F4(if)2.898 E F0 .388 -(statement, part)4.848 F .778(of a command e)144 675.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G -.778(cuted in a).15 F F1(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F1(||)3.278 E F0 .778 -(list e)3.278 F .778(xcept the command follo)-.15 F .778 -(wing the \214nal)-.25 F F1(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F1(||)3.277 E F0 -3.277(,a)C -.15(ny)-3.277 G 1.28(command in a pipeline b)144 687.6 R -1.28(ut the last, or if the command')-.2 F 3.78(sr)-.55 G 1.28(eturn v) --3.78 F 1.28(alue is being in)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.28(rted using).15 F -F1(!)3.78 E F0(.)A(These are the same conditions obe)144 699.6 Q -(yed by the)-.15 E F1(err)2.5 E(exit)-.18 E F0($)2.5 E F1A F0 2.5 -($o)C(ption.)-2.5 E 1.095 -(Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset.)144 -717.6 R -.35(Tr)6.095 G 1.095(apped signals that are not).35 F .662 -(being ignored are reset to their original v)144 729.6 R .662 -(alues in a subshell or subshell en)-.25 F .662(vironment when one is) --.4 F(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2013 March 4)146.79 E(71)195.95 E 0 Cg EP +turns a non\255zero e)144 710.4 R .184(xit status, subject to)-.15 F +1.92(the follo)144 722.4 R 1.92(wing conditions.)-.25 F(The)6.92 E F3 +(ERR)4.42 E F0 1.92(trap is not e)4.17 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.92 +(cuted if the f).15 F 1.92(ailed command is part of the)-.1 F +(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2013 September 2)138.455 E(71)187.615 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 72 72 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH$1$ B).35 F(ASH$1$) --.35 E 2.5(created. The)144 84 R(return status is f)2.5 E(alse if an)-.1 -E(y)-.15 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sigspec)2.84 E F0(is in)2.81 E -.25 -(va)-.4 G(lid; otherwise).25 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(trap)2.5 E F0 -(returns true.)2.5 E F2(type)108 100.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255aftpP)A F0(]) -A F1(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1(name)A F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 112.8 S -.174(th no options, indicate ho).4 F 2.674(we)-.25 G(ach)-2.674 E F1 -(name)3.034 E F0 -.1(wo)2.854 G .173 -(uld be interpreted if used as a command name.).1 F .173(If the)5.173 F -F2144 124.8 Q F0 .842(option is used,)3.342 F F2(type)3.342 E F0 -.843(prints a string which is one of)3.343 F F1(alias)3.343 E F0(,).27 E -F1 -.1(ke)3.343 G(ywor)-.2 E(d)-.37 E F0(,).77 E F1(function)3.343 E F0 -(,).24 E F1 -.2(bu)3.343 G(iltin).2 E F0 3.343(,o).24 G(r)-3.343 E F1 -(\214le)5.253 E F0(if)3.523 E F1(name)144.36 136.8 Q F0 .087 -(is an alias, shell reserv)2.767 F .087(ed w)-.15 F .087 -(ord, function, b)-.1 F .086(uiltin, or disk \214le, respecti)-.2 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.086(.I)-.65 G 2.586(ft)-5.086 G(he)-2.586 E F1 -(name)2.946 E F0 .086(is not)2.766 F .118 -(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 148.8 R .118 -(xit status of f)-.15 F .118(alse is returned.)-.1 F .119(If the)5.119 F -F22.619 E F0 .119(option is used,)2.619 F F2(type)2.619 E F0 .855 -(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 160.8 R .855 -(ould be e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .855(cuted if).15 F F1(name)3.715 E F0 -.855(were speci\214ed as a com-)3.535 F .64(mand name, or nothing if)144 -172.8 R/F3 10/Courier@0 SF .64(type -t name)3.14 F F0 -.1(wo)3.14 G .641 -(uld not return).1 F F1(\214le)3.141 E F0 5.641(.T).18 G(he)-5.641 E F2 -