From: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com>
Date: Thu, 11 Jun 2026 16:41:22 +0000 (-0700)
Subject: perf test: Add inject ASLR test
X-Git-Tag: v7.2-rc1~60^2~28
X-Git-Url: http://git.ipfire.org/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi?a=commitdiff_plain;h=190c4546384461f3dee70a649b438aa41c24d01e;p=thirdparty%2Flinux.git

perf test: Add inject ASLR test

Add a new shell test to verify the feature. The test covers:
- Basic address remapping for user space samples.
- Pipe mode coverage for piped into.
- Callchain address remapping.
- Consistency of output before and after injection.
- Pipe mode report consistency.
- Dropping of samples that leak ASLR info (physical addresses).
- Kernel address remapping (utilizing a dedicated kernel-intensive VFS
  dd workload to guarantee continuous timer interrupts sampling flow
  inside kernel privilege states).
- Kernel report consistency with address normalization.

The test suite is hardened with global 'set -o pipefail' assertions
to catch pipeline failures, stream-consuming awk processors to handle
SIGPIPE signals, and a dedicated pipe output scenario validating raw
'perf inject -o -' stdout streams.

Note on kernel DSO normalization in the test script:
The test script deliberately normalizes all kernel DSOs to a generic
[kernel] tag before diffing, as obfuscating physical kernel addresses
forces perf report to occasionally shift samples between individual
modules and [kernel.kallsyms] due to the lack of valid host module
boundary maps.

Note on ARM:
Kernel-based ASLR test cases (test_kernel_aslr and test_kernel_report_aslr)
are skipped on ARM architectures (aarch64 and arm*) to bypass high latency
constraints (such as check_invariants() spending excessive execution time
in maps__split_kallsyms() on debug builds) and symbolization inconsistencies.

Assisted-by: Antigravity:gemini-3.1-pro
Signed-off-by: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com>
Tested-by: James Clark <james.clark@linaro.org>
Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: Gabriel Marin <gmx@google.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
---

diff --git a/tools/perf/tests/shell/inject_aslr.sh b/tools/perf/tests/shell/inject_aslr.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000000..c00461828ea79
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/perf/tests/shell/inject_aslr.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,533 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+# perf inject --aslr test
+
+set -e
+set -o pipefail
+
+shelldir=$(dirname "$0")
+# shellcheck source=lib/perf_has_symbol.sh
+. "${shelldir}"/lib/perf_has_symbol.sh
+
+sym="noploop"
+
+skip_test_missing_symbol ${sym}
+
+# Create global temp directory
+temp_dir=$(mktemp -d /tmp/perf-test-aslr.XXXXXXXXXX)
+
+prog="perf test -w noploop"
+[ "$(uname -m)" = "s390x" ] && prog="$prog 3"
+err=0
+kprog="dd if=/dev/urandom of=/dev/null bs=1M count=50"
+
+cleanup() {
+  local exit_code=${1:-$?}
+  trap - EXIT TERM INT
+  if [ "${exit_code}" -ne 0 ] || [ "${err}" -ne 0 ]; then
+    echo "Test failed! Preserving temp directory: ${temp_dir}"
+    return
+  fi
+  # Check if temp_dir is set and looks sane before removing
+  if [[ "${temp_dir}" =~ ^/tmp/perf-test-aslr\. ]]; then
+    rm -rf "${temp_dir}"
+  fi
+}
+
+trap_cleanup() {
+  local exit_code=$?
+  echo "Unexpected signal in ${FUNCNAME[1]}"
+  cleanup ${exit_code}
+  exit ${exit_code}
+}
+trap trap_cleanup EXIT TERM INT
+
+get_noploop_addr() {
+  local file=$1
+  perf script -i "$file" | awk '
+    BEGIN { found=0 }
+    {
+      for (i=1; i<=NF; i++) {
+        if ($i ~ /noploop\+/) {
+          if (!found) {
+            print $(i-1)
+            found=1
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }'
+}
+
+test_basic_aslr() {
+  echo "Test basic ASLR remapping"
+  local data
+  data=$(mktemp "${temp_dir}/perf.data.basic.XXXXXX")
+  local data2
+  data2=$(mktemp "${temp_dir}/perf.data2.basic.XXXXXX")
+
+  perf record -e task-clock:u -o "${data}" ${prog}
+  perf inject -v --aslr -i "${data}" -o "${data2}"
+
+  orig_addr=$(get_noploop_addr "${data}")
+  new_addr=$(get_noploop_addr "${data2}")
+
+  echo "Basic ASLR: orig_addr=$orig_addr, new_addr=$new_addr"
+
+  if [ -z "$orig_addr" ]; then
+    echo "Basic ASLR test [Failed - no noploop samples in original file]"
+    err=1
+  elif [ -z "$new_addr" ]; then
+    echo "Basic ASLR test [Failed - could not find remapped address]"
+    err=1
+  elif [ "$orig_addr" = "$new_addr" ]; then
+    echo "Basic ASLR test [Failed - addresses are not remapped]"
+    err=1
+  else
+    echo "Basic ASLR test [Success]"
+  fi
+}
+
+test_pipe_aslr() {
+  echo "Test pipe mode ASLR remapping"
+  local data
+  data=$(mktemp "${temp_dir}/perf.data.pipe.XXXXXX")
+  local data2
+  data2=$(mktemp "${temp_dir}/perf.data2.pipe.XXXXXX")
+
+  # Use tee to save the original pipe data for comparison
+  perf record -e task-clock:u -o - ${prog} | tee "${data}" | perf inject --aslr -o "${data2}"
+
+  orig_addr=$(get_noploop_addr "${data}")
+  new_addr=$(get_noploop_addr "${data2}")
+
+  echo "Pipe ASLR: orig_addr=$orig_addr, new_addr=$new_addr"
+
+  if [ -z "$orig_addr" ]; then
+    echo "Pipe ASLR test [Failed - no noploop samples in original file]"
+    err=1
+  elif [ -z "$new_addr" ]; then
+    echo "Pipe ASLR test [Failed - could not find remapped address]"
+    err=1
+  elif [ "$orig_addr" = "$new_addr" ]; then
+    echo "Pipe ASLR test [Failed - addresses are not remapped]"
+    err=1
+  else
+    echo "Pipe ASLR test [Success]"
+  fi
+}
+
+test_callchain_aslr() {
+  echo "Test Callchain ASLR remapping"
+  local data
+  data=$(mktemp "${temp_dir}/perf.data.callchain.XXXXXX")
+  local data2
+  data2=$(mktemp "${temp_dir}/perf.data2.callchain.XXXXXX")
+
+  perf record -g -e task-clock:u -o "${data}" ${prog}
+  perf inject --aslr -i "${data}" -o "${data2}"
+
+  orig_addr=$(get_noploop_addr "${data}")
+  new_addr=$(get_noploop_addr "${data2}")
+
+  echo "Callchain ASLR: orig_addr=$orig_addr, new_addr=$new_addr"
+
+  if [ -z "$orig_addr" ]; then
+    echo "Callchain ASLR test [Failed - no noploop samples in original file]"
+    err=1
+  elif [ -z "$new_addr" ]; then
+    echo "Callchain ASLR test [Failed - could not find remapped address]"
+    err=1
+  elif [ "$orig_addr" = "$new_addr" ]; then
+    echo "Callchain ASLR test [Failed - addresses are not remapped]"
+    err=1
+  else
+    # Extract callchain addresses (indented lines starting with hex addresses)
+    orig_callchain=$(perf script -i "${data}" | awk '/^[[:space:]]+[0-9a-f]+/ {print $1}')
+    new_callchain=$(perf script -i "${data2}" | awk '/^[[:space:]]+[0-9a-f]+/ {print $1}')
+
+    if [ -z "$orig_callchain" ]; then
+      echo "Callchain ASLR test [Failed - no callchain samples in original file]"
+      err=1
+    elif [ -z "$new_callchain" ]; then
+      echo "Callchain ASLR test [Failed - callchain data was dropped]"
+      err=1
+    elif [ "$orig_callchain" = "$new_callchain" ]; then
+      echo "Callchain ASLR test [Failed - callchain addresses were not remapped]"
+      err=1
+    else
+      echo "Callchain ASLR test [Success]"
+    fi
+  fi
+}
+
+test_report_aslr() {
+  echo "Test perf report consistency"
+  local data
+  data=$(mktemp "${temp_dir}/perf.data.report.XXXXXX")
+  local data2
+  data2=$(mktemp "${temp_dir}/perf.data2.report.XXXXXX")
+  local data_clean
+  data_clean=$(mktemp "${temp_dir}/perf.data.clean.XXXXXX")
+
+  perf record -e task-clock:u -o "${data}" ${prog}
+  # Use -b to inject build-ids and force ordered events processing in both
+  perf inject -b -i "${data}" -o "${data_clean}"
+  perf inject -v -b --aslr -i "${data}" -o "${data2}"
+
+  local report1="${temp_dir}/report1_basic"
+  local report2="${temp_dir}/report2_basic"
+  local report1_clean="${temp_dir}/report1_basic.clean"
+  local report2_clean="${temp_dir}/report2_basic.clean"
+  local diff_file="${temp_dir}/diff_basic"
+
+  perf report -i "${data_clean}" --stdio > "${report1}"
+  perf report -i "${data2}" --stdio > "${report2}"
+
+  # Strip headers and compare lines with percentages
+  grep '%' "${report1}" | grep -v '^#' | \
+    grep -v -E '0x[0-9a-f]{8,}|0000000000000000' | sort > "${report1_clean}" || true
+  grep '%' "${report2}" | grep -v '^#' | \
+    grep -v -E '0x[0-9a-f]{8,}|0000000000000000' | sort > "${report2_clean}" || true
+
+  diff -u -w "${report1_clean}" "${report2_clean}" > "${diff_file}" || true
+
+  if [ ! -s "${report1_clean}" ]; then
+    echo "Report ASLR test [Failed - no samples captured]"
+    err=1
+  elif [ -s "${diff_file}" ]; then
+    echo "Report ASLR test [Failed - reports differ]"
+    echo "Showing first 20 lines of diff:"
+    head -n 20 "${diff_file}"
+    err=1
+  else
+    echo "Report ASLR test [Success]"
+  fi
+}
+
+test_pipe_report_aslr() {
+  echo "Test pipe mode perf report consistency"
+  local data
+  data=$(mktemp "${temp_dir}/perf.data.pipe_report.XXXXXX")
+  local data2
+  data2=$(mktemp "${temp_dir}/perf.data2.pipe_report.XXXXXX")
+  local data_clean
+  data_clean=$(mktemp "${temp_dir}/perf.data.clean.XXXXXX")
+
+  # Use tee to save the original pipe data, then process it with inject -b
+  perf record -e task-clock:u -o - ${prog} | \
+    tee "${data}" | \
+    perf inject -b --aslr -o "${data2}"
+  perf inject -b -i "${data}" -o "${data_clean}"
+
+  local report1="${temp_dir}/report1_pipe"
+  local report2="${temp_dir}/report2_pipe"
+  local report1_clean="${temp_dir}/report1_pipe.clean"
+  local report2_clean="${temp_dir}/report2_pipe.clean"
+  local diff_file="${temp_dir}/diff_pipe"
+
+  perf report -i "${data_clean}" --stdio > "${report1}"
+  perf report -i "${data2}" --stdio > "${report2}"
+
+  # Strip headers and compare lines with percentages
+  grep '%' "${report1}" | grep -v '^#' | \
+    grep -v -E '0x[0-9a-f]{8,}|0000000000000000' | sort > "${report1_clean}" || true
+  grep '%' "${report2}" | grep -v '^#' | \
+    grep -v -E '0x[0-9a-f]{8,}|0000000000000000' | sort > "${report2_clean}" || true
+
+  diff -u -w "${report1_clean}" "${report2_clean}" > "${diff_file}" || true
+
+  if [ ! -s "${report1_clean}" ]; then
+    echo "Pipe Report ASLR test [Failed - no samples captured]"
+    err=1
+  elif [ -s "${diff_file}" ]; then
+    echo "Pipe Report ASLR test [Failed - reports differ]"
+    echo "Showing first 20 lines of diff:"
+    head -n 20 "${diff_file}"
+    err=1
+  else
+    echo "Pipe Report ASLR test [Success]"
+  fi
+}
+
+test_pipe_out_report_aslr() {
+  echo "Test pipe output mode perf report consistency"
+  local data
+  data=$(mktemp "${temp_dir}/perf.data.pipe_out_report.XXXXXX")
+  local data_clean
+  data_clean=$(mktemp "${temp_dir}/perf.data.clean.XXXXXX")
+
+  perf record -e task-clock:u -o "${data}" ${prog}
+  perf inject -b -i "${data}" -o "${data_clean}"
+
+  local report1="${temp_dir}/report1_pipe_out"
+  local report2="${temp_dir}/report2_pipe_out"
+  local report1_clean="${temp_dir}/report1_pipe_out.clean"
+  local report2_clean="${temp_dir}/report2_pipe_out.clean"
+  local diff_file="${temp_dir}/diff_pipe_out"
+
+  perf report -i "${data_clean}" --stdio > "${report1}"
+  perf inject -b --aslr -i "${data}" -o - | perf report -i - --stdio > "${report2}"
+
+  # Strip headers and compare lines with percentages
+  grep '%' "${report1}" | grep -v '^#' | \
+    grep -v -E '0x[0-9a-f]{8,}|0000000000000000' | sort > "${report1_clean}" || true
+  grep '%' "${report2}" | grep -v '^#' | \
+    grep -v -E '0x[0-9a-f]{8,}|0000000000000000' | sort > "${report2_clean}" || true
+
+  diff -u -w "${report1_clean}" "${report2_clean}" > "${diff_file}" || true
+
+  if [ ! -s "${report1_clean}" ]; then
+    echo "Pipe Output Report ASLR test [Failed - no samples captured]"
+    err=1
+  elif [ -s "${diff_file}" ]; then
+    echo "Pipe Output Report ASLR test [Failed - reports differ]"
+    echo "Showing first 20 lines of diff:"
+    head -n 20 "${diff_file}"
+    err=1
+  else
+    echo "Pipe Output Report ASLR test [Success]"
+  fi
+}
+
+test_dropped_samples() {
+  echo "Test dropped samples (phys-data)"
+  local data
+  data=$(mktemp "${temp_dir}/perf.data.dropped.XXXXXX")
+  local data2
+  data2=$(mktemp "${temp_dir}/perf.data2.dropped.XXXXXX")
+
+  # Check if --phys-data is supported by recording a short run
+  if ! perf record -e task-clock:u --phys-data -o "${data}" -- sleep 0.1 > /dev/null 2>&1; then
+    echo "Skipping dropped samples test as --phys-data is not supported"
+    return
+  fi
+
+  perf record -e task-clock:u --phys-data -o "${data}" ${prog}
+  perf inject --aslr -i "${data}" -o "${data2}"
+
+  # Verify that the original file actually contained samples!
+  orig_samples=$(perf script -i "${data}" | wc -l)
+  if [ "$orig_samples" -eq 0 ]; then
+    echo "Dropped samples test [Failed - no samples in original file]"
+    err=1
+  else
+    # Verify that samples are dropped.
+    samples_count=$(perf script -i "${data2}" | wc -l)
+
+    if [ "$samples_count" -gt 0 ]; then
+      echo "Dropped samples test [Failed - samples were not dropped]"
+      err=1
+    else
+      echo "Dropped samples test [Success]"
+    fi
+  fi
+}
+
+test_kernel_aslr() {
+  echo "Test kernel ASLR remapping"
+  local kdata
+  kdata=$(mktemp "${temp_dir}/perf.data.kernel.XXXXXX")
+  local kdata2
+  kdata2=$(mktemp "${temp_dir}/perf.data2.kernel.XXXXXX")
+  local log_file
+  log_file=$(mktemp "${temp_dir}/kernel_record.log.XXXXXX")
+
+  # Try to record kernel samples
+  if ! perf record -e task-clock:k -o "${kdata}" ${kprog} > "${log_file}" 2>&1; then
+    echo "Skipping kernel ASLR test as recording failed (maybe no permissions)"
+    return
+  fi
+
+  # Check for warning about kernel map restriction
+  if grep -q "Couldn't record kernel reference relocation symbol" "${log_file}"; then
+    echo "Skipping kernel ASLR test as kernel map could not be recorded (permissions restricted)"
+    return
+  fi
+
+  perf inject -v --aslr -i "${kdata}" -o "${kdata2}"
+
+  # Check if kernel addresses are remapped.
+  # Find the field that ends with :k: (the event name) and take the next field!
+  orig_addr=$(perf script -i "${kdata}" | awk '
+    BEGIN { found=0 }
+    {
+      for (i=1; i<NF; i++) {
+        if ($i ~ /:[k]+:?$/) {
+          if (!found) {
+            print $(i+1)
+            found=1
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }')
+  new_addr=$(perf script -i "${kdata2}" | awk '
+    BEGIN { found=0 }
+    {
+      for (i=1; i<NF; i++) {
+        if ($i ~ /:[k]+:?$/) {
+          if (!found) {
+            print $(i+1)
+            found=1
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }')
+
+  echo "Kernel ASLR: orig_addr=$orig_addr, new_addr=$new_addr"
+
+  if [ -z "$orig_addr" ]; then
+    echo "Kernel ASLR test [Failed - no kernel samples in original file]"
+    err=1
+  elif [ -z "$new_addr" ]; then
+    echo "Kernel ASLR test [Failed - could not find remapped address]"
+    err=1
+  elif [ "$orig_addr" = "$new_addr" ]; then
+    echo "Kernel ASLR test [Failed - addresses are not remapped]"
+    err=1
+  else
+    echo "Kernel ASLR test [Success]"
+  fi
+}
+
+test_kernel_report_aslr() {
+  echo "Test kernel perf report consistency"
+  local kdata
+  kdata=$(mktemp "${temp_dir}/perf.data.kernel_report.XXXXXX")
+  local kdata2
+  kdata2=$(mktemp "${temp_dir}/perf.data2.kernel_report.XXXXXX")
+  local data_clean
+  data_clean=$(mktemp "${temp_dir}/perf.data.clean.XXXXXX")
+  local log_file
+  log_file=$(mktemp "${temp_dir}/kernel_report_record.log.XXXXXX")
+
+  # Try to record kernel samples
+  if ! perf record -e task-clock:k -o "${kdata}" ${kprog} > "${log_file}" 2>&1; then
+    echo "Skipping kernel report test as recording failed (maybe no permissions)"
+    return
+  fi
+
+  # Check for warning about kernel map restriction
+  if grep -q "Couldn't record kernel reference relocation symbol" "${log_file}"; then
+    echo "Skipping kernel report test as kernel map could not be recorded (permissions restricted)"
+    return
+  fi
+
+  # Use -b to inject build-ids and force ordered events processing in both
+  perf inject -b -i "${kdata}" -o "${data_clean}"
+  perf inject -v -b --aslr -i "${kdata}" -o "${kdata2}"
+
+  local report1="${temp_dir}/report_kernel1"
+  local report2="${temp_dir}/report_kernel2"
+  local report1_clean="${temp_dir}/report_kernel1.clean"
+  local report2_clean="${temp_dir}/report_kernel2.clean"
+
+  perf report -i "${data_clean}" --stdio > "${report1}"
+  perf report -i "${kdata2}" --stdio > "${report2}"
+
+  # Strip headers and compare lines with percentages
+  grep '%' "${report1}" | grep -v '^#' > "${report1_clean}" || true
+  grep '%' "${report2}" | grep -v '^#' > "${report2_clean}" || true
+
+  # Normalize kernel DSOs and addresses in clean reports
+  # This allows kernel modules to be either a module or kernel.kallsyms
+  local report1_norm="${temp_dir}/report_kernel1.norm"
+  local report2_norm="${temp_dir}/report_kernel2.norm"
+  local diff_file="${temp_dir}/diff_kernel"
+
+  grep -v -E '0x[0-9a-f]{8,}|0000000000000000' "${report1_clean}" | \
+    awk '{gsub(/\[[a-zA-Z0-9_.-]{2,}\](\.[a-zA-Z0-9_]+)?/, "[kernel]", $0); print}' | \
+    sort > "${report1_norm}" || true
+  grep -v -E '0x[0-9a-f]{8,}|0000000000000000' "${report2_clean}" | \
+    awk '{gsub(/\[[a-zA-Z0-9_.-]{2,}\](\.[a-zA-Z0-9_]+)?/, "[kernel]", $0); print}' | \
+    sort > "${report2_norm}" || true
+
+  diff -u -w "${report1_norm}" "${report2_norm}" > "${diff_file}" || true
+
+  if [ ! -s "${report1_norm}" ]; then
+    echo "Kernel Report ASLR test [Failed - no samples captured]"
+    err=1
+  elif [ -s "${diff_file}" ]; then
+    echo "Kernel Report ASLR test [Failed - reports differ]"
+    echo "Showing first 20 lines of diff:"
+    head -n 20 "${diff_file}"
+    err=1
+  else
+    echo "Kernel Report ASLR test [Success]"
+  fi
+}
+
+test_regs_stripping() {
+  echo "Test user register stripping"
+  local rdata="${temp_dir}/perf.data.regs"
+  local rdata2="${temp_dir}/perf.data.regs.injected"
+  local rdata_clean="${temp_dir}/perf.data.regs.clean"
+
+  if ! perf record -e cycles:u --user-regs -o "${rdata}" ${prog} > /dev/null 2>&1; then
+    echo "Skipping user registers test as recording failed (unsupported flag/platform)"
+    return
+  fi
+
+  perf inject -b -i "${rdata}" -o "${rdata_clean}"
+  perf inject -v -b --aslr -i "${rdata}" -o "${rdata2}"
+
+  local report1="${temp_dir}/report_regs1"
+  local report2="${temp_dir}/report_regs2"
+  local report1_clean="${temp_dir}/report_regs1.clean"
+  local report2_clean="${temp_dir}/report_regs2.clean"
+  local diff_file="${temp_dir}/diff_regs"
+
+  perf report -i "${rdata_clean}" --stdio > "${report1}" 2>/dev/null || true
+  perf report -i "${rdata2}" --stdio > "${report2}" 2>/dev/null || true
+
+  grep '%' "${report1}" | grep -v '^#' | \
+    grep -v -E '0x[0-9a-f]{8,}|0000000000000000' | \
+    sort > "${report1_clean}" || true
+  grep '%' "${report2}" | grep -v '^#' | \
+    grep -v -E '0x[0-9a-f]{8,}|0000000000000000' | \
+    sort > "${report2_clean}" || true
+
+  diff -u -w "${report1_clean}" "${report2_clean}" > "${diff_file}" || true
+
+  if [ ! -s "${report1_clean}" ]; then
+    echo "User registers stripping test [Failed - profile trace starved/empty]"
+    err=1
+    return
+  elif [ -s "${diff_file}" ]; then
+    echo "User registers stripping test [Failed - report parsing differs]"
+    echo "Showing first 20 lines of diff:"
+    head -n 20 "${diff_file}"
+    err=1
+    return
+  fi
+
+  local script_dump="${temp_dir}/script_regs_dump"
+  perf script -D -i "${rdata2}" > "${script_dump}" 2>/dev/null || true
+  if grep -q "user regs:" "${script_dump}"; then
+    echo "User registers stripping test [Failed - register dumps still present]"
+    err=1
+  else
+    echo "User registers stripping test [Success]"
+  fi
+}
+
+test_basic_aslr
+test_pipe_aslr
+test_callchain_aslr
+test_report_aslr
+test_pipe_report_aslr
+test_pipe_out_report_aslr
+test_dropped_samples
+case "$(uname -m)" in
+  aarch64*|arm*)
+    echo "Skipping kernel ASLR tests on ARM"
+    ;;
+  *)
+    test_kernel_aslr
+    test_kernel_report_aslr
+    ;;
+esac
+
+test_regs_stripping
+
+cleanup ${err}
+exit $err