From: Mike Bayer <mike_mp@zzzcomputing.com>
Date: Sun, 6 Jan 2019 06:19:47 +0000 (-0500)
Subject: Post black reformatting
X-Git-Tag: rel_1_3_0b2~45
X-Git-Url: http://git.ipfire.org/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi?a=commitdiff_plain;h=1e278de4cc9a4181e0747640a960e80efcea1ca9;p=thirdparty%2Fsqlalchemy%2Fsqlalchemy.git

Post black reformatting

Applied on top of a pure run of black -l 79 in
I7eda77fed3d8e73df84b3651fd6cfcfe858d4dc9,  this set of changes
resolves all remaining flake8 conditions for those codes
we have enabled in setup.cfg.

Included are resolutions for all remaining flake8 issues
including shadowed builtins, long lines, import order, unused
imports, duplicate imports, and docstring issues.

Change-Id: I4f72d3ba1380dd601610ff80b8fb06a2aff8b0fe
---

diff --git a/examples/adjacency_list/adjacency_list.py b/examples/adjacency_list/adjacency_list.py
index f1628a6329..8cdd885403 100644
--- a/examples/adjacency_list/adjacency_list.py
+++ b/examples/adjacency_list/adjacency_list.py
@@ -1,6 +1,13 @@
-from sqlalchemy import Column, ForeignKey, Integer, String, create_engine
-from sqlalchemy.orm import Session, relationship, backref, joinedload_all
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
+from sqlalchemy.orm import backref
+from sqlalchemy.orm import joinedload_all
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 from sqlalchemy.orm.collections import attribute_mapped_collection
 
 
diff --git a/examples/association/basic_association.py b/examples/association/basic_association.py
index 52476f1842..d2271ad430 100644
--- a/examples/association/basic_association.py
+++ b/examples/association/basic_association.py
@@ -12,18 +12,18 @@ of "items", with a particular price paid associated with each "item".
 
 from datetime import datetime
 
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    create_engine,
-    Column,
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    DateTime,
-    Float,
-    ForeignKey,
-    and_,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship, Session
+from sqlalchemy import and_
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import DateTime
+from sqlalchemy import Float
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
 
 Base = declarative_base()
 
diff --git a/examples/association/dict_of_sets_with_default.py b/examples/association/dict_of_sets_with_default.py
index 7f668c0879..435761d3f7 100644
--- a/examples/association/dict_of_sets_with_default.py
+++ b/examples/association/dict_of_sets_with_default.py
@@ -12,13 +12,19 @@ upon access of a non-existent key, in the same manner as Python's
 
 """
 
-from sqlalchemy import String, Integer, Column, create_engine, ForeignKey
-from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship, Session
-from sqlalchemy.orm.collections import MappedCollection
-from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
-from sqlalchemy.ext.associationproxy import association_proxy
 import operator
 
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy.ext.associationproxy import association_proxy
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm.collections import MappedCollection
+
 
 class Base(object):
     id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
diff --git a/examples/association/proxied_association.py b/examples/association/proxied_association.py
index 46785c6e25..0ec8fa899a 100644
--- a/examples/association/proxied_association.py
+++ b/examples/association/proxied_association.py
@@ -7,18 +7,18 @@ to ``OrderItem`` optional.
 
 from datetime import datetime
 
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    create_engine,
-    Column,
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    DateTime,
-    Float,
-    ForeignKey,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship, Session
-from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import DateTime
+from sqlalchemy import Float
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy.ext.associationproxy import association_proxy
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
 
 Base = declarative_base()
 
diff --git a/examples/custom_attributes/custom_management.py b/examples/custom_attributes/custom_management.py
index 8123859060..6cddfe7bd1 100644
--- a/examples/custom_attributes/custom_management.py
+++ b/examples/custom_attributes/custom_management.py
@@ -9,25 +9,21 @@ descriptors with a user-defined system.
 
 
 """
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    create_engine,
-    MetaData,
-    Table,
-    Column,
-    Integer,
-    Text,
-    ForeignKey,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper, relationship, Session
-
-from sqlalchemy.orm.attributes import (
-    set_attribute,
-    get_attribute,
-    del_attribute,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.orm.instrumentation import is_instrumented
-
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import Table
+from sqlalchemy import Text
 from sqlalchemy.ext.instrumentation import InstrumentationManager
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm.attributes import del_attribute
+from sqlalchemy.orm.attributes import get_attribute
+from sqlalchemy.orm.attributes import set_attribute
+from sqlalchemy.orm.instrumentation import is_instrumented
 
 
 class MyClassState(InstrumentationManager):
diff --git a/examples/dogpile_caching/__init__.py b/examples/dogpile_caching/__init__.py
index 0f19854e9d..91105dc020 100644
--- a/examples/dogpile_caching/__init__.py
+++ b/examples/dogpile_caching/__init__.py
@@ -1,13 +1,8 @@
 """
-Illustrates how to embed `dogpile.cache <https://dogpilecache.readthedocs.io/>`_
-functionality within
-the :class:`.Query` object, allowing full cache control as well as the
-ability to pull "lazy loaded" attributes from long term cache
-as well.
-
-.. versionchanged:: 0.8 The example was modernized to use
-   dogpile.cache, replacing Beaker as the caching library in
-   use.
+Illustrates how to embed
+`dogpile.cache <https://dogpilecache.readthedocs.io/>`_
+functionality within the :class:`.Query` object, allowing full cache control
+as well as the ability to pull "lazy loaded" attributes from long term cache.
 
 In this demo, the following techniques are illustrated:
 
diff --git a/examples/dogpile_caching/advanced.py b/examples/dogpile_caching/advanced.py
index 8f395bd7b3..d2ef825562 100644
--- a/examples/dogpile_caching/advanced.py
+++ b/examples/dogpile_caching/advanced.py
@@ -3,9 +3,11 @@ including front-end loading, cache invalidation and collection caching.
 
 """
 
+from .caching_query import FromCache
+from .caching_query import RelationshipCache
 from .environment import Session
-from .model import Person, cache_address_bits
-from .caching_query import FromCache, RelationshipCache
+from .model import cache_address_bits
+from .model import Person
 
 
 def load_name_range(start, end, invalidate=False):
@@ -68,7 +70,8 @@ print(", ".join([p.name for p in load_name_range(25, 40, True)]))
 # illustrate the address loading from either cache/already
 # on the Person
 print(
-    "\n\nPeople plus addresses, two through twelve, addresses possibly from cache"
+    "\n\nPeople plus addresses, two through twelve, addresses "
+    "possibly from cache"
 )
 for p in load_name_range(2, 12):
     print(p.format_full())
diff --git a/examples/dogpile_caching/caching_query.py b/examples/dogpile_caching/caching_query.py
index 060c146132..3d528b880d 100644
--- a/examples/dogpile_caching/caching_query.py
+++ b/examples/dogpile_caching/caching_query.py
@@ -17,9 +17,10 @@ The rest of what's here are standard SQLAlchemy and
 dogpile.cache constructs.
 
 """
+from dogpile.cache.api import NO_VALUE
+
 from sqlalchemy.orm.interfaces import MapperOption
 from sqlalchemy.orm.query import Query
-from dogpile.cache.api import NO_VALUE
 
 
 class CachingQuery(Query):
@@ -187,14 +188,14 @@ class FromCache(MapperOption):
         """Construct a new FromCache.
 
         :param region: the cache region.  Should be a
-        region configured in the dictionary of dogpile
-        regions.
+         region configured in the dictionary of dogpile
+         regions.
 
         :param cache_key: optional.  A string cache key
-        that will serve as the key to the query.   Use this
-        if your query has a huge amount of parameters (such
-        as when using in_()) which correspond more simply to
-        some other identifier.
+         that will serve as the key to the query.   Use this
+         if your query has a huge amount of parameters (such
+         as when using in_()) which correspond more simply to
+         some other identifier.
 
         """
         self.region = region
@@ -215,14 +216,14 @@ class RelationshipCache(MapperOption):
         """Construct a new RelationshipCache.
 
         :param attribute: A Class.attribute which
-        indicates a particular class relationship() whose
-        lazy loader should be pulled from the cache.
+         indicates a particular class relationship() whose
+         lazy loader should be pulled from the cache.
 
         :param region: name of the cache region.
 
         :param cache_key: optional.  A string cache key
-        that will serve as the key to the query, bypassing
-        the usual means of forming a key from the Query itself.
+         that will serve as the key to the query, bypassing
+         the usual means of forming a key from the Query itself.
 
         """
         self.region = region
diff --git a/examples/dogpile_caching/environment.py b/examples/dogpile_caching/environment.py
index 13bd0a3100..723ee653d5 100644
--- a/examples/dogpile_caching/environment.py
+++ b/examples/dogpile_caching/environment.py
@@ -2,19 +2,23 @@
 bootstrap fixture data if necessary.
 
 """
-from . import caching_query
-from sqlalchemy import create_engine
-from sqlalchemy.orm import scoped_session, sessionmaker
-from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
-from dogpile.cache.region import make_region
-import os
 from hashlib import md5
+import os
 import sys
 
+from dogpile.cache.region import make_region
+
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
+from sqlalchemy.orm import scoped_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
+from . import caching_query
+
+
 py2k = sys.version_info < (3, 0)
 
 if py2k:
-    input = raw_input
+    input = raw_input  # noqa
 
 # dogpile cache regions.  A home base for cache configurations.
 regions = {}
diff --git a/examples/dogpile_caching/fixture_data.py b/examples/dogpile_caching/fixture_data.py
index e301db2a46..8387a2cb27 100644
--- a/examples/dogpile_caching/fixture_data.py
+++ b/examples/dogpile_caching/fixture_data.py
@@ -1,12 +1,18 @@
-"""Installs some sample data.   Here we have a handful of postal codes for a few US/
-Canadian cities.   Then, 100 Person records are installed, each with a
-randomly selected postal code.
+"""Installs some sample data.   Here we have a handful of postal codes for
+a few US/Canadian cities.   Then, 100 Person records are installed, each
+with a randomly selected postal code.
 
 """
-from .environment import Session, Base
-from .model import City, Country, PostalCode, Person, Address
 import random
 
+from .environment import Base
+from .environment import Session
+from .model import Address
+from .model import City
+from .model import Country
+from .model import Person
+from .model import PostalCode
+
 
 def install():
     Base.metadata.create_all(Session().bind)
diff --git a/examples/dogpile_caching/helloworld.py b/examples/dogpile_caching/helloworld.py
index eb565344e9..6b03afbdbb 100644
--- a/examples/dogpile_caching/helloworld.py
+++ b/examples/dogpile_caching/helloworld.py
@@ -2,9 +2,10 @@
 
 """
 
+from .caching_query import FromCache
 from .environment import Session
 from .model import Person
-from .caching_query import FromCache
+
 
 # load Person objects.  cache the result in the "default" cache region
 print("loading people....")
diff --git a/examples/dogpile_caching/local_session_caching.py b/examples/dogpile_caching/local_session_caching.py
index 358886bf0a..1700c7a636 100644
--- a/examples/dogpile_caching/local_session_caching.py
+++ b/examples/dogpile_caching/local_session_caching.py
@@ -10,7 +10,8 @@ with the basic operation of CachingQuery.
 
 """
 
-from dogpile.cache.api import CacheBackend, NO_VALUE
+from dogpile.cache.api import CacheBackend
+from dogpile.cache.api import NO_VALUE
 from dogpile.cache.region import register_backend
 
 
diff --git a/examples/dogpile_caching/model.py b/examples/dogpile_caching/model.py
index f6a2598206..cae2ae2776 100644
--- a/examples/dogpile_caching/model.py
+++ b/examples/dogpile_caching/model.py
@@ -7,10 +7,14 @@ PostalCode --(has a)--> City
 City --(has a)--> Country
 
 """
-from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
 from .caching_query import RelationshipCache
-from .environment import Base, bootstrap
+from .environment import Base
+from .environment import bootstrap
 
 
 class Country(Base):
diff --git a/examples/dogpile_caching/relationship_caching.py b/examples/dogpile_caching/relationship_caching.py
index 76c7e767f7..6b261ade99 100644
--- a/examples/dogpile_caching/relationship_caching.py
+++ b/examples/dogpile_caching/relationship_caching.py
@@ -6,11 +6,15 @@ related PostalCode, City, Country objects should be pulled from long
 term cache.
 
 """
-from .environment import Session, root
-from .model import Person, cache_address_bits
-from sqlalchemy.orm import joinedload
 import os
 
+from sqlalchemy.orm import joinedload
+from .environment import root
+from .environment import Session
+from .model import cache_address_bits
+from .model import Person
+
+
 for p in Session.query(Person).options(
     joinedload(Person.addresses), cache_address_bits
 ):
diff --git a/examples/dynamic_dict/dynamic_dict.py b/examples/dynamic_dict/dynamic_dict.py
index 62da55c387..63a23bffb1 100644
--- a/examples/dynamic_dict/dynamic_dict.py
+++ b/examples/dynamic_dict/dynamic_dict.py
@@ -1,3 +1,13 @@
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
+
+
 class ProxyDict(object):
     def __init__(self, parent, collection_name, childclass, keyname):
         self.parent = parent
@@ -29,10 +39,6 @@ class ProxyDict(object):
         self.collection.append(value)
 
 
-from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
-from sqlalchemy import create_engine, Column, Integer, String, ForeignKey
-from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker, relationship
-
 engine = create_engine("sqlite://", echo=True)
 Base = declarative_base(engine)
 
diff --git a/examples/elementtree/adjacency_list.py b/examples/elementtree/adjacency_list.py
index 1f71612128..6dd88c7973 100644
--- a/examples/elementtree/adjacency_list.py
+++ b/examples/elementtree/adjacency_list.py
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
-"""Illustrates an explicit way to persist an XML document expressed using ElementTree.
+"""
+Illustrates an explicit way to persist an XML document expressed using
+ElementTree.
 
 Each DOM node is stored in an individual
 table row, with attributes   represented in a separate table.  The
@@ -8,34 +10,37 @@ along any path with a given   structure of attributes, basically a
 (very narrow) subset of xpath.
 
 This example explicitly marshals/unmarshals the ElementTree document into
-mapped entities which have their own tables.  Compare to pickle.py which
-uses pickle to accomplish the same task.  Note that the usage of both
-styles of persistence are identical, as is the structure of the main Document class.
+mapped entities which have their own tables.  Compare to pickle.py which uses
+pickle to accomplish the same task.  Note that the usage of both styles of
+persistence are identical, as is the structure of the main Document class.
 
 """
 
-################################# PART I - Imports/Coniguration ####################################
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    MetaData,
-    Table,
-    Column,
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    ForeignKey,
-    Unicode,
-    and_,
-    create_engine,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper, relationship, Session, lazyload
+# PART I - Imports/Configuration
+import io
+import os
+import re
+from xml.etree import ElementTree
 
-import sys, os, io, re
+from sqlalchemy import and_
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
+from sqlalchemy import Unicode
+from sqlalchemy.orm import lazyload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 
-from xml.etree import ElementTree
 
 e = create_engine("sqlite://")
 meta = MetaData()
 
-################################# PART II - Table Metadata #########################################
+# PART II - Table Metadata
 
 # stores a top level record of an XML document.
 documents = Table(
@@ -75,10 +80,12 @@ attributes = Table(
 
 meta.create_all(e)
 
-#################################### PART III - Model #############################################
+# PART III - Model
 
 # our document class.  contains a string name,
 # and the ElementTree root element.
+
+
 class Document(object):
     def __init__(self, name, element):
         self.filename = name
@@ -90,19 +97,22 @@ class Document(object):
         return buf.getvalue()
 
 
-#################################### PART IV - Persistence Mapping #################################
+# PART IV - Persistence Mapping
+
+# Node class.  a non-public class which will represent the DB-persisted
+# Element/SubElement object.  We cannot create mappers for ElementTree elements
+# directly because they are at the very least not new-style classes, and also
+# may be backed by native implementations. so here we construct an adapter.
+
 
-# Node class.  a non-public class which will represent
-# the DB-persisted Element/SubElement object.  We cannot create mappers for
-# ElementTree elements directly because they are at the very least not new-style
-# classes, and also may be backed by native implementations.
-# so here we construct an adapter.
 class _Node(object):
     pass
 
 
-# Attribute class.  also internal, this will represent the key/value attributes stored for
-# a particular Node.
+# Attribute class.  also internal, this will represent the key/value attributes
+# stored for a particular Node.
+
+
 class _Attribute(object):
     def __init__(self, name, value):
         self.name = name
@@ -130,9 +140,12 @@ mapper(
 
 mapper(_Attribute, attributes)
 
-# define marshalling functions that convert from _Node/_Attribute to/from ElementTree objects.
-# this will set the ElementTree element as "document._element", and append the root _Node
-# object to the "_root" mapped collection.
+# define marshalling functions that convert from _Node/_Attribute to/from
+# ElementTree objects. this will set the ElementTree element as
+# "document._element", and append the root _Node object to the "_root" mapped
+# collection.
+
+
 class ElementTreeMarshal(object):
     def __get__(self, document, owner):
         if document is None:
@@ -180,7 +193,7 @@ class ElementTreeMarshal(object):
 # override Document's "element" attribute with the marshaller.
 Document.element = ElementTreeMarshal()
 
-########################################### PART V - Basic Persistence Example #####################
+# PART V - Basic Persistence Example
 
 line = "\n--------------------------------------------------------"
 
@@ -202,7 +215,7 @@ document = session.query(Document).filter_by(filename="test.xml").first()
 
 print(document)
 
-############################################ PART VI - Searching for Paths #########################
+# PART VI - Searching for Paths
 
 # manually search for a document which contains "/somefile/header/field1:hi"
 d = (
@@ -218,6 +231,8 @@ d = (
 print(d)
 
 # generalize the above approach into an extremely impoverished xpath function:
+
+
 def find_document(path, compareto):
     j = documents
     prev_elements = None
diff --git a/examples/elementtree/optimized_al.py b/examples/elementtree/optimized_al.py
index 8e9c48b96b..b66ada19d0 100644
--- a/examples/elementtree/optimized_al.py
+++ b/examples/elementtree/optimized_al.py
@@ -7,28 +7,32 @@
 
 """
 
-##################### PART I - Imports/Configuration #########################
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    MetaData,
-    Table,
-    Column,
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    ForeignKey,
-    Unicode,
-    and_,
-    create_engine,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper, relationship, Session, lazyload
-
-import sys, os, io, re
+# PART I - Imports/Configuration
 
+import io
+import os
+import re
 from xml.etree import ElementTree
 
+from sqlalchemy import and_
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
+from sqlalchemy import Unicode
+from sqlalchemy.orm import lazyload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+
 e = create_engine("sqlite://", echo=True)
 meta = MetaData()
 
-####################### PART II - Table Metadata #############################
+# PART II - Table Metadata
 
 # stores a top level record of an XML document.
 documents = Table(
@@ -68,10 +72,12 @@ attributes = Table(
 
 meta.create_all(e)
 
-########################### PART III - Model #################################
+# PART III - Model
 
 # our document class.  contains a string name,
 # and the ElementTree root element.
+
+
 class Document(object):
     def __init__(self, name, element):
         self.filename = name
@@ -83,19 +89,22 @@ class Document(object):
         return buf.getvalue()
 
 
-########################## PART IV - Persistence Mapping #####################
+# PART IV - Persistence Mapping
+
+# Node class.  a non-public class which will represent the DB-persisted
+# Element/SubElement object.  We cannot create mappers for ElementTree elements
+# directly because they are at the very least not new-style classes, and also
+# may be backed by native implementations. so here we construct an adapter.
+
 
-# Node class.  a non-public class which will represent
-# the DB-persisted Element/SubElement object.  We cannot create mappers for
-# ElementTree elements directly because they are at the very least not new-style
-# classes, and also may be backed by native implementations.
-# so here we construct an adapter.
 class _Node(object):
     pass
 
 
-# Attribute class.  also internal, this will represent the key/value attributes stored for
-# a particular Node.
+# Attribute class.  also internal, this will represent the key/value attributes
+# stored for a particular Node.
+
+
 class _Attribute(object):
     def __init__(self, name, value):
         self.name = name
@@ -115,10 +124,11 @@ mapper(
     },
 )
 
-# the _Node objects change the way they load so that a list of _Nodes will organize
-# themselves hierarchically using the ElementTreeMarshal.  this depends on the ordering of
-# nodes being hierarchical as well; relationship() always applies at least ROWID/primary key
-# ordering to rows which will suffice.
+# the _Node objects change the way they load so that a list of _Nodes will
+# organize themselves hierarchically using the ElementTreeMarshal.  this
+# depends on the ordering of nodes being hierarchical as well; relationship()
+# always applies at least ROWID/primary key ordering to rows which will
+# suffice.
 mapper(
     _Node,
     elements,
@@ -134,9 +144,12 @@ mapper(
 
 mapper(_Attribute, attributes)
 
-# define marshalling functions that convert from _Node/_Attribute to/from ElementTree objects.
-# this will set the ElementTree element as "document._element", and append the root _Node
-# object to the "_nodes" mapped collection.
+# define marshalling functions that convert from _Node/_Attribute to/from
+# ElementTree objects. this will set the ElementTree element as
+# "document._element", and append the root _Node object to the "_nodes" mapped
+# collection.
+
+
 class ElementTreeMarshal(object):
     def __get__(self, document, owner):
         if document is None:
@@ -188,7 +201,7 @@ class ElementTreeMarshal(object):
 # override Document's "element" attribute with the marshaller.
 Document.element = ElementTreeMarshal()
 
-###################### PART V - Basic Persistence Example ####################
+# PART V - Basic Persistence Example
 
 line = "\n--------------------------------------------------------"
 
@@ -210,7 +223,7 @@ document = session.query(Document).filter_by(filename="test.xml").first()
 
 print(document)
 
-######################## PART VI - Searching for Paths #######################
+# PART VI - Searching for Paths
 
 # manually search for a document which contains "/somefile/header/field1:hi"
 print("\nManual search for /somefile/header/field1=='hi':", line)
@@ -227,6 +240,8 @@ d = (
 print(d)
 
 # generalize the above approach into an extremely impoverished xpath function:
+
+
 def find_document(path, compareto):
     j = documents
     prev_elements = None
diff --git a/examples/elementtree/pickle.py b/examples/elementtree/pickle.py
index a86fe30e56..ca2c655049 100644
--- a/examples/elementtree/pickle.py
+++ b/examples/elementtree/pickle.py
@@ -1,31 +1,37 @@
-"""illustrates a quick and dirty way to persist an XML document expressed using ElementTree and pickle.
+"""
+illustrates a quick and dirty way to persist an XML document expressed using
+ElementTree and pickle.
 
 This is a trivial example using PickleType to marshal/unmarshal the ElementTree
-document into a binary column.  Compare to explicit.py which stores the individual components of the ElementTree
-structure in distinct rows using two additional mapped entities.  Note that the usage of both
-styles of persistence are identical, as is the structure of the main Document class.
+document into a binary column.  Compare to explicit.py which stores the
+individual components of the ElementTree structure in distinct rows using two
+additional mapped entities.  Note that the usage of both styles of persistence
+are identical, as is the structure of the main Document class.
+
 """
 
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    create_engine,
-    MetaData,
-    Table,
-    Column,
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    PickleType,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper, Session
+import os
+import sys
+from xml.etree import ElementTree
 
-import sys, os
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import PickleType
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 
-from xml.etree import ElementTree
 
 e = create_engine("sqlite://")
 meta = MetaData()
 
 # setup a comparator for the PickleType since it's a mutable
 # element.
+
+
 def are_elements_equal(x, y):
     return x == y
 
@@ -44,6 +50,8 @@ meta.create_all(e)
 
 # our document class.  contains a string name,
 # and the ElementTree root element.
+
+
 class Document(object):
     def __init__(self, name, element):
         self.filename = name
@@ -53,7 +61,7 @@ class Document(object):
 # setup mapper.
 mapper(Document, documents)
 
-###### time to test ! #########
+# time to test !
 
 # get ElementTree document
 filename = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "test.xml")
diff --git a/examples/generic_associations/__init__.py b/examples/generic_associations/__init__.py
index 9d103b73e7..dd6f5321b7 100644
--- a/examples/generic_associations/__init__.py
+++ b/examples/generic_associations/__init__.py
@@ -15,4 +15,4 @@ are modernized versions of recipes presented in the 2007 blog post
 
 .. autosource::
 
-"""
+"""  # noqa
diff --git a/examples/generic_associations/discriminator_on_association.py b/examples/generic_associations/discriminator_on_association.py
index 38f2370f3d..9502088464 100644
--- a/examples/generic_associations/discriminator_on_association.py
+++ b/examples/generic_associations/discriminator_on_association.py
@@ -15,10 +15,17 @@ it uses a fixed number of tables to serve any number of potential parent
 objects, but is also slightly more complex.
 
 """
-from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import as_declarative, declared_attr
-from sqlalchemy import create_engine, Integer, Column, String, ForeignKey
-from sqlalchemy.orm import Session, relationship, backref
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy.ext.associationproxy import association_proxy
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import as_declarative
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declared_attr
+from sqlalchemy.orm import backref
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 
 
 @as_declarative()
diff --git a/examples/generic_associations/generic_fk.py b/examples/generic_associations/generic_fk.py
index ded8f749d1..23145ed4c6 100644
--- a/examples/generic_associations/generic_fk.py
+++ b/examples/generic_associations/generic_fk.py
@@ -19,10 +19,19 @@ or "table_per_association" instead of this approach.
 .. versionadded:: 0.8.3
 
 """
-from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import as_declarative, declared_attr
-from sqlalchemy import create_engine, Integer, Column, String, and_
-from sqlalchemy.orm import Session, relationship, foreign, remote, backref
+from sqlalchemy import and_
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
 from sqlalchemy import event
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import as_declarative
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declared_attr
+from sqlalchemy.orm import backref
+from sqlalchemy.orm import foreign
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import remote
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 
 
 @as_declarative()
diff --git a/examples/generic_associations/table_per_association.py b/examples/generic_associations/table_per_association.py
index 7de2469345..98c76ef7be 100644
--- a/examples/generic_associations/table_per_association.py
+++ b/examples/generic_associations/table_per_association.py
@@ -11,16 +11,16 @@ has no dependency on the system.
 
 
 """
-from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import as_declarative, declared_attr
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    create_engine,
-    Integer,
-    Column,
-    String,
-    ForeignKey,
-    Table,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.orm import Session, relationship
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import as_declarative
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declared_attr
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 
 
 @as_declarative()
diff --git a/examples/generic_associations/table_per_related.py b/examples/generic_associations/table_per_related.py
index 9c5e0e1798..3f09e538b0 100644
--- a/examples/generic_associations/table_per_related.py
+++ b/examples/generic_associations/table_per_related.py
@@ -16,9 +16,15 @@ but there really isn't any - the management and targeting of these tables
 is completely automated.
 
 """
-from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import as_declarative, declared_attr
-from sqlalchemy import create_engine, Integer, Column, String, ForeignKey
-from sqlalchemy.orm import Session, relationship
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import as_declarative
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declared_attr
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 
 
 @as_declarative()
diff --git a/examples/graphs/directed_graph.py b/examples/graphs/directed_graph.py
index af85a4295f..d6611eaa79 100644
--- a/examples/graphs/directed_graph.py
+++ b/examples/graphs/directed_graph.py
@@ -1,8 +1,13 @@
 """a directed graph example."""
 
-from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, ForeignKey, create_engine
-from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship, sessionmaker
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
 from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
+
 
 Base = declarative_base()
 
diff --git a/examples/inheritance/concrete.py b/examples/inheritance/concrete.py
index 2245aa4e0e..4eb89984a0 100644
--- a/examples/inheritance/concrete.py
+++ b/examples/inheritance/concrete.py
@@ -1,17 +1,17 @@
 """Concrete-table (table-per-class) inheritance example."""
 
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Column,
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    ForeignKey,
-    create_engine,
-    inspect,
-    or_,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship, Session, with_polymorphic
-from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import or_
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import ConcreteBase
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import with_polymorphic
 
 
 Base = declarative_base()
diff --git a/examples/inheritance/joined.py b/examples/inheritance/joined.py
index a3a61d7630..74a6e36492 100644
--- a/examples/inheritance/joined.py
+++ b/examples/inheritance/joined.py
@@ -1,16 +1,17 @@
 """Joined-table (table-per-subclass) inheritance example."""
 
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Column,
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    ForeignKey,
-    create_engine,
-    inspect,
-    or_,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship, Session, with_polymorphic
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import or_
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import with_polymorphic
+
 
 Base = declarative_base()
 
diff --git a/examples/inheritance/single.py b/examples/inheritance/single.py
index 46d690c943..0d5871cb11 100644
--- a/examples/inheritance/single.py
+++ b/examples/inheritance/single.py
@@ -1,16 +1,18 @@
 """Single-table (table-per-hierarchy) inheritance example."""
 
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Column,
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    ForeignKey,
-    create_engine,
-    inspect,
-    or_,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship, Session, with_polymorphic
-from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base, declared_attr
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import or_
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declared_attr
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import with_polymorphic
+
 
 Base = declarative_base()
 
diff --git a/examples/join_conditions/cast.py b/examples/join_conditions/cast.py
index 7ea7756899..e175bc227c 100644
--- a/examples/join_conditions/cast.py
+++ b/examples/join_conditions/cast.py
@@ -29,9 +29,16 @@ in order to note to the ORM that ``B.a_id`` should be treated like the
 "foreign key" column.
 
 """
-from sqlalchemy import *
-from sqlalchemy.orm import *
+
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import TypeDecorator
 from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
 
 Base = declarative_base()
 
diff --git a/examples/join_conditions/threeway.py b/examples/join_conditions/threeway.py
index 2570026374..aca3b0c2f3 100644
--- a/examples/join_conditions/threeway.py
+++ b/examples/join_conditions/threeway.py
@@ -33,9 +33,18 @@ a Query (or a :func:`.relationship`).
 
 
 """
-from sqlalchemy import *
-from sqlalchemy.orm import *
+from sqlalchemy import and_
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import join
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
+from sqlalchemy.orm import foreign
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
 
 Base = declarative_base()
 
diff --git a/examples/large_collection/large_collection.py b/examples/large_collection/large_collection.py
index eb014c6cb0..0f34c54dc7 100644
--- a/examples/large_collection/large_collection.py
+++ b/examples/large_collection/large_collection.py
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    MetaData,
-    Table,
-    Column,
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    ForeignKey,
-    create_engine,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper, relationship, sessionmaker
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
 
 
 meta = MetaData()
@@ -56,8 +56,8 @@ mapper(
             # Member objects "belong" to their parent, are deleted when
             # removed from the collection
             cascade="all, delete-orphan",
-            # "delete, delete-orphan" cascade does not load in objects on delete,
-            # allows ON DELETE CASCADE to handle it.
+            # "delete, delete-orphan" cascade does not load in objects on
+            # delete, allows ON DELETE CASCADE to handle it.
             # this only works with a database that supports ON DELETE CASCADE -
             # *not* sqlite or MySQL with MyISAM
             passive_deletes=True,
@@ -108,7 +108,8 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
     # disappear automatically without the need for additional SQL.
     sess.delete(org)
     print(
-        "-------------------------\nflush three - delete org, delete members in one statement\n"
+        "-------------------------\nflush three - delete org, "
+        "delete members in one statement\n"
     )
     sess.commit()
 
diff --git a/examples/materialized_paths/materialized_paths.py b/examples/materialized_paths/materialized_paths.py
index 45ae0c1932..f777f131be 100644
--- a/examples/materialized_paths/materialized_paths.py
+++ b/examples/materialized_paths/materialized_paths.py
@@ -26,11 +26,20 @@ already stored in the path itself. Updates require going through all
 descendants and changing the prefix.
 
 """
-from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, func, select, create_engine
-from sqlalchemy.orm import remote, foreign, relationship, Session
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import ARRAY
 from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
+from sqlalchemy.orm import foreign
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import remote
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 from sqlalchemy.sql.expression import cast
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import ARRAY
+
 
 Base = declarative_base()
 
diff --git a/examples/nested_sets/nested_sets.py b/examples/nested_sets/nested_sets.py
index 705a3d279e..ba45231cee 100644
--- a/examples/nested_sets/nested_sets.py
+++ b/examples/nested_sets/nested_sets.py
@@ -4,18 +4,18 @@ http://www.intelligententerprise.com/001020/celko.jhtml
 
 """
 
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    create_engine,
-    Column,
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    select,
-    case,
-    func,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.orm import Session, aliased
-from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
+from sqlalchemy import case
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
 from sqlalchemy import event
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
+from sqlalchemy.orm import aliased
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
 
 Base = declarative_base()
 
diff --git a/examples/performance/__init__.py b/examples/performance/__init__.py
index b66199f3c3..f1f59026c2 100644
--- a/examples/performance/__init__.py
+++ b/examples/performance/__init__.py
@@ -31,8 +31,8 @@ individual suites to be run::
       -h, --help            show this help message and exit
       --test TEST           run specific test name
       --dburl DBURL         database URL, default sqlite:///profile.db
-      --num NUM             Number of iterations/items/etc for tests; default is 0
-                            module-specific
+      --num NUM             Number of iterations/items/etc for tests;
+                            default is module-specific
       --profile             run profiling and dump call counts
       --dump                dump full call profile (implies --profile)
       --runsnake            invoke runsnakerun (implies --profile)
@@ -217,14 +217,14 @@ As well as see RunSnake output for an individual test::
 
     $ python test_loads.py  --num 100 --runsnake --test test_joinedload
 
-"""
+"""  # noqa
 import argparse
 import cProfile
-import pstats
 import os
-import time
+import pstats
 import re
 import sys
+import time
 
 
 class Profiler(object):
diff --git a/examples/performance/__main__.py b/examples/performance/__main__.py
index 945458651a..aeb124e1d1 100644
--- a/examples/performance/__main__.py
+++ b/examples/performance/__main__.py
@@ -2,5 +2,6 @@
 
 from . import Profiler
 
+
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     Profiler.main()
diff --git a/examples/performance/bulk_inserts.py b/examples/performance/bulk_inserts.py
index 52f0f32e67..49469581d4 100644
--- a/examples/performance/bulk_inserts.py
+++ b/examples/performance/bulk_inserts.py
@@ -3,11 +3,15 @@ of rows in bulk.
 
 
 """
-from . import Profiler
-
+from sqlalchemy import bindparam
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
-from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, create_engine, bindparam
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from . import Profiler
+
 
 Base = declarative_base()
 engine = None
diff --git a/examples/performance/bulk_updates.py b/examples/performance/bulk_updates.py
index ebb7000686..0657c96f32 100644
--- a/examples/performance/bulk_updates.py
+++ b/examples/performance/bulk_updates.py
@@ -3,11 +3,14 @@ of rows in bulk.
 
 
 """
-from . import Profiler
-
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
-from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, create_engine, bindparam
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from . import Profiler
+
 
 Base = declarative_base()
 engine = None
diff --git a/examples/performance/large_resultsets.py b/examples/performance/large_resultsets.py
index ad1c231941..2945040b5a 100644
--- a/examples/performance/large_resultsets.py
+++ b/examples/performance/large_resultsets.py
@@ -13,11 +13,15 @@ full blown ORM doesn't do terribly either even though mapped objects
 provide a huge amount of functionality.
 
 """
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Bundle
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 from . import Profiler
 
-from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
-from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, create_engine
-from sqlalchemy.orm import Session, Bundle
 
 Base = declarative_base()
 engine = None
@@ -165,8 +169,8 @@ def _test_dbapi_raw(n, make_objects):
         # going to do this, so see how this pushes you right back into
         # ORM land anyway :)
         class SimpleCustomer(object):
-            def __init__(self, id, name, description):
-                self.id = id
+            def __init__(self, id_, name, description):
+                self.id = id_
                 self.name = name
                 self.description = description
 
diff --git a/examples/performance/short_selects.py b/examples/performance/short_selects.py
index 4a8d401ad0..376f18f02d 100644
--- a/examples/performance/short_selects.py
+++ b/examples/performance/short_selects.py
@@ -3,20 +3,20 @@ record by primary key
 
 
 """
-from . import Profiler
+import random
 
-from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Column,
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    create_engine,
-    bindparam,
-    select,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.orm import Session, deferred
+from sqlalchemy import bindparam
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy.ext import baked
-import random
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
+from sqlalchemy.orm import deferred
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from . import Profiler
+
 
 Base = declarative_base()
 engine = None
diff --git a/examples/performance/single_inserts.py b/examples/performance/single_inserts.py
index 79e34dfe6b..428eb5c412 100644
--- a/examples/performance/single_inserts.py
+++ b/examples/performance/single_inserts.py
@@ -4,11 +4,16 @@ within a distinct transaction, and afterwards returns to essentially a
 a database connection, inserts the row, commits and closes.
 
 """
-from . import Profiler
-
+from sqlalchemy import bindparam
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import pool
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
-from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, create_engine, bindparam, pool
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from . import Profiler
+
 
 Base = declarative_base()
 engine = None
diff --git a/examples/postgis/__init__.py b/examples/postgis/__init__.py
index 66ae65d3c0..963a561f3d 100644
--- a/examples/postgis/__init__.py
+++ b/examples/postgis/__init__.py
@@ -31,7 +31,8 @@ and simple to use extension points.
 
 E.g.::
 
-    print session.query(Road).filter(Road.road_geom.intersects(r1.road_geom)).all()
+    print session.query(Road).filter(
+        Road.road_geom.intersects(r1.road_geom)).all()
 
 .. autosource::
 
diff --git a/examples/postgis/postgis.py b/examples/postgis/postgis.py
index 508d633988..868d3d055d 100644
--- a/examples/postgis/postgis.py
+++ b/examples/postgis/postgis.py
@@ -1,8 +1,12 @@
-from sqlalchemy.types import UserDefinedType, _Binary, TypeDecorator
-from sqlalchemy.sql import expression, type_coerce
-from sqlalchemy import event, Table
 import binascii
 
+from sqlalchemy import event
+from sqlalchemy import Table
+from sqlalchemy.sql import expression
+from sqlalchemy.sql import type_coerce
+from sqlalchemy.types import UserDefinedType
+
+
 # Python datatypes
 
 
@@ -278,7 +282,8 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
         ]
     )
 
-    # or use an explicit TextualGisElement (similar to saying func.GeomFromText())
+    # or use an explicit TextualGisElement
+    # (similar to saying func.GeomFromText())
     r = Road(
         road_name="Dave Cres",
         road_geom=TextualGisElement(
@@ -292,7 +297,8 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
 
     session.commit()
 
-    # after flush and/or commit, all the TextualGisElements become PersistentGisElements.
+    # after flush and/or commit, all the TextualGisElements
+    # become PersistentGisElements.
     assert str(r.road_geom) == "LINESTRING(198231 263418,198213 268322)"
 
     r1 = session.query(Road).filter(Road.road_name == "Graeme Ave").one()
@@ -318,16 +324,16 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
     )
     print(session.execute(stmt).fetchall())
 
-    # TODO: for some reason the auto-generated labels have the internal replacement
-    # strings exposed, even though PG doesn't complain
+    # TODO: for some reason the auto-generated labels have the internal
+    # replacement strings exposed, even though PG doesn't complain
 
     # look up the hex binary version, using SQLAlchemy casts
     as_binary = session.scalar(
         select([type_coerce(r.road_geom, Geometry(coerce_="binary"))])
     )
-    assert (
-        as_binary.as_hex
-        == "01020000000200000000000000b832084100000000e813104100000000283208410000000088601041"
+    assert as_binary.as_hex == (
+        "01020000000200000000000000b832084100000000"
+        "e813104100000000283208410000000088601041"
     )
 
     # back again, same method !
diff --git a/examples/sharding/__init__.py b/examples/sharding/__init__.py
index 59d26a2175..eb8e10686f 100644
--- a/examples/sharding/__init__.py
+++ b/examples/sharding/__init__.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ The basic components of a "sharded" mapping are:
 * a function which can return a single shard id, given an instance
   to be saved; this is called "shard_chooser"
 * a function which can return a list of shard ids which apply to a particular
-  instance identifier; this is called "id_chooser".  If it returns all shard ids,
+  instance identifier; this is called "id_chooser".If it returns all shard ids,
   all shards will be searched.
 * a function which can return a list of shard ids to try, given a particular
   Query ("query_chooser").  If it returns all shard ids, all shards will be
diff --git a/examples/sharding/attribute_shard.py b/examples/sharding/attribute_shard.py
index 48a3dc9325..608f0f9c3a 100644
--- a/examples/sharding/attribute_shard.py
+++ b/examples/sharding/attribute_shard.py
@@ -1,20 +1,21 @@
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    create_engine,
-    Table,
-    Column,
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    ForeignKey,
-    Float,
-    DateTime,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker, relationship
-from sqlalchemy.ext.horizontal_shard import ShardedSession
-from sqlalchemy.sql import operators, visitors
-from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
+import datetime
+
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import DateTime
+from sqlalchemy import Float
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
 from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
+from sqlalchemy.ext.horizontal_shard import ShardedSession
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
+from sqlalchemy.sql import operators
+from sqlalchemy.sql import visitors
 
-import datetime
 
 # db1 is used for id generation. The "pool_threadlocal"
 # causes the id_generator() to use the same connection as that
diff --git a/examples/space_invaders/space_invaders.py b/examples/space_invaders/space_invaders.py
index d5437d8cf0..34d233da18 100644
--- a/examples/space_invaders/space_invaders.py
+++ b/examples/space_invaders/space_invaders.py
@@ -1,14 +1,24 @@
-import sys
-from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
-from sqlalchemy import create_engine, Integer, Column, ForeignKey, String, func
-from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship, Session, joinedload
-from sqlalchemy.ext.hybrid import hybrid_property, hybrid_method
 import curses
-import time
-import textwrap
-import re
-import random
 import logging
+import random
+import re
+import sys
+import textwrap
+import time
+
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
+from sqlalchemy.ext.hybrid import hybrid_method
+from sqlalchemy.ext.hybrid import hybrid_property
+from sqlalchemy.orm import joinedload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
 
 _PY3 = sys.version_info > (3, 0)
 if _PY3:
@@ -39,7 +49,6 @@ PAUSE_KEY = ord("p")
 
 COLOR_MAP = {
     "K": curses.COLOR_BLACK,
-    "R": curses.COLOR_RED,
     "B": curses.COLOR_BLUE,
     "C": curses.COLOR_CYAN,
     "G": curses.COLOR_GREEN,
diff --git a/examples/versioned_history/__init__.py b/examples/versioned_history/__init__.py
index 7670cd6132..e6db1fc2ca 100644
--- a/examples/versioned_history/__init__.py
+++ b/examples/versioned_history/__init__.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 """
 Illustrates an extension which creates version tables for entities and stores
-records for each change. The given extensions generate an anonymous "history" class which
-represents historical versions of the target object.
+records for each change. The given extensions generate an anonymous "history"
+class which represents historical versions of the target object.
 
 Compare to the :ref:`examples_versioned_rows` examples which write updates
 as new rows in the same table, without using a separate history table.
diff --git a/examples/versioned_history/history_meta.py b/examples/versioned_history/history_meta.py
index 749a6a5cab..2a331443d7 100644
--- a/examples/versioned_history/history_meta.py
+++ b/examples/versioned_history/history_meta.py
@@ -1,11 +1,19 @@
 """Versioned mixin class and other utilities."""
 
+import datetime
+
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import DateTime
+from sqlalchemy import event
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKeyConstraint
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import Table
+from sqlalchemy import util
 from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declared_attr
-from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper, attributes, object_mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import attributes
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import object_mapper
 from sqlalchemy.orm.exc import UnmappedColumnError
-from sqlalchemy import Table, Column, ForeignKeyConstraint, Integer, DateTime
-from sqlalchemy import event, util
-import datetime
 from sqlalchemy.orm.properties import RelationshipProperty
 
 
@@ -165,20 +173,20 @@ def _history_mapper(local_mapper):
 class Versioned(object):
     @declared_attr
     def __mapper_cls__(cls):
-        def map(cls, *arg, **kw):
+        def map_(cls, *arg, **kw):
             mp = mapper(cls, *arg, **kw)
             _history_mapper(mp)
             return mp
 
-        return map
+        return map_
 
     __table_args__ = {"sqlite_autoincrement": True}
     """Use sqlite_autoincrement, to ensure unique integer values
     are used for new rows even for rows taht have been deleted."""
 
 
-def versioned_objects(iter):
-    for obj in iter:
+def versioned_objects(iter_):
+    for obj in iter_:
         if hasattr(obj, "__history_mapper__"):
             yield obj
 
diff --git a/examples/versioned_history/test_versioning.py b/examples/versioned_history/test_versioning.py
index 3270ad5fda..44e5457494 100644
--- a/examples/versioned_history/test_versioning.py
+++ b/examples/versioned_history/test_versioning.py
@@ -2,28 +2,30 @@
 module functions."""
 
 from unittest import TestCase
+import warnings
+
+from sqlalchemy import Boolean
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
-from .history_meta import Versioned, versioned_session
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    create_engine,
-    Column,
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    ForeignKey,
-    Boolean,
-    select,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    clear_mappers,
-    Session,
-    deferred,
-    relationship,
-    column_property,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL, eq_, assert_raises, ne_
-from sqlalchemy.testing.entities import ComparableEntity
+from sqlalchemy.orm import clear_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import column_property
+from sqlalchemy.orm import deferred
 from sqlalchemy.orm import exc as orm_exc
-import warnings
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import ne_
+from sqlalchemy.testing.entities import ComparableEntity
+from .history_meta import Versioned
+from .history_meta import versioned_session
+
 
 warnings.simplefilter("error")
 
diff --git a/examples/versioned_rows/versioned_map.py b/examples/versioned_rows/versioned_map.py
index 46bdbb7839..9abbb3e09c 100644
--- a/examples/versioned_rows/versioned_map.py
+++ b/examples/versioned_rows/versioned_map.py
@@ -28,20 +28,22 @@ those additional values.
 
 """
 
-from sqlalchemy import Column, String, Integer, ForeignKey, create_engine
-from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    attributes,
-    relationship,
-    backref,
-    sessionmaker,
-    make_transient,
-    validates,
-    Session,
-)
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import event
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy.ext.associationproxy import association_proxy
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
+from sqlalchemy.orm import attributes
+from sqlalchemy.orm import backref
+from sqlalchemy.orm import make_transient
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
+from sqlalchemy.orm import validates
 from sqlalchemy.orm.collections import attribute_mapped_collection
-from sqlalchemy import event
 
 
 @event.listens_for(Session, "before_flush")
diff --git a/examples/versioned_rows/versioned_rows.py b/examples/versioned_rows/versioned_rows.py
index 03e1c35101..01067431c8 100644
--- a/examples/versioned_rows/versioned_rows.py
+++ b/examples/versioned_rows/versioned_rows.py
@@ -3,17 +3,19 @@ an UPDATE statement on a single row into an INSERT statement, so that a new
 row is inserted with the new data, keeping the old row intact.
 
 """
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    sessionmaker,
-    relationship,
-    make_transient,
-    backref,
-    Session,
-)
-from sqlalchemy import Column, ForeignKey, create_engine, Integer, String
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import event
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
 from sqlalchemy.orm import attributes
-from sqlalchemy import event
+from sqlalchemy.orm import backref
+from sqlalchemy.orm import make_transient
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
 
 
 class Versioned(object):
diff --git a/examples/versioned_rows/versioned_rows_w_versionid.py b/examples/versioned_rows/versioned_rows_w_versionid.py
index 5fd6f9fc41..4861fb3669 100644
--- a/examples/versioned_rows/versioned_rows_w_versionid.py
+++ b/examples/versioned_rows/versioned_rows_w_versionid.py
@@ -6,27 +6,23 @@ This example adds a numerical version_id to the Versioned class as well
 as the ability to see which row is the most "current" vesion.
 
 """
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    sessionmaker,
-    relationship,
-    make_transient,
-    backref,
-    Session,
-    column_property,
-)
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Column,
-    ForeignKeyConstraint,
-    create_engine,
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    Boolean,
-    select,
-    func,
-)
+from sqlalchemy import Boolean
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import event
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKeyConstraint
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
 from sqlalchemy.orm import attributes
-from sqlalchemy import event
+from sqlalchemy.orm import backref
+from sqlalchemy.orm import column_property
+from sqlalchemy.orm import make_transient
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
 
 
 class Versioned(object):
diff --git a/examples/versioned_rows/versioned_update_old_row.py b/examples/versioned_rows/versioned_update_old_row.py
index 17c82fdc37..5aa0f424af 100644
--- a/examples/versioned_rows/versioned_update_old_row.py
+++ b/examples/versioned_rows/versioned_update_old_row.py
@@ -5,29 +5,27 @@ to only the most recent version.
 
 """
 
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    create_engine,
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    event,
-    Column,
-    DateTime,
-    inspect,
-    literal,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    make_transient,
-    Session,
-    relationship,
-    attributes,
-    backref,
-    make_transient_to_detached,
-    Query,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
 import datetime
 import time
 
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import DateTime
+from sqlalchemy import event
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import literal
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
+from sqlalchemy.orm import attributes
+from sqlalchemy.orm import backref
+from sqlalchemy.orm import make_transient
+from sqlalchemy.orm import make_transient_to_detached
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Query
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+
 Base = declarative_base()
 
 # this will be the current time as the test runs
diff --git a/examples/vertical/dictlike-polymorphic.py b/examples/vertical/dictlike-polymorphic.py
index c000ff3cf9..73d12ee4f2 100644
--- a/examples/vertical/dictlike-polymorphic.py
+++ b/examples/vertical/dictlike-polymorphic.py
@@ -24,10 +24,10 @@ date.
 
 """
 
-from sqlalchemy.orm.interfaces import PropComparator
-from sqlalchemy.ext.hybrid import hybrid_property
 from sqlalchemy import event
 from sqlalchemy import literal_column
+from sqlalchemy.ext.hybrid import hybrid_property
+from sqlalchemy.orm.interfaces import PropComparator
 from .dictlike import ProxiedDictMixin
 
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/__init__.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/__init__.py
index 171f230289..3df12f5c95 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/__init__.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/__init__.py
@@ -5,130 +5,122 @@
 # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 
+from . import util as _util  # noqa
+from .inspection import inspect  # noqa
+from .schema import BLANK_SCHEMA  # noqa
+from .schema import CheckConstraint  # noqa
+from .schema import Column  # noqa
+from .schema import ColumnDefault  # noqa
+from .schema import Constraint  # noqa
+from .schema import DDL  # noqa
+from .schema import DefaultClause  # noqa
+from .schema import FetchedValue  # noqa
+from .schema import ForeignKey  # noqa
+from .schema import ForeignKeyConstraint  # noqa
+from .schema import Index  # noqa
+from .schema import MetaData  # noqa
+from .schema import PassiveDefault  # noqa
+from .schema import PrimaryKeyConstraint  # noqa
+from .schema import Sequence  # noqa
+from .schema import Table  # noqa
+from .schema import ThreadLocalMetaData  # noqa
+from .schema import UniqueConstraint  # noqa
+from .sql import alias  # noqa
+from .sql import all_  # noqa
+from .sql import and_  # noqa
+from .sql import any_  # noqa
+from .sql import asc  # noqa
+from .sql import between  # noqa
+from .sql import bindparam  # noqa
+from .sql import case  # noqa
+from .sql import cast  # noqa
+from .sql import collate  # noqa
+from .sql import column  # noqa
+from .sql import delete  # noqa
+from .sql import desc  # noqa
+from .sql import distinct  # noqa
+from .sql import except_  # noqa
+from .sql import except_all  # noqa
+from .sql import exists  # noqa
+from .sql import extract  # noqa
+from .sql import false  # noqa
+from .sql import func  # noqa
+from .sql import funcfilter  # noqa
+from .sql import insert  # noqa
+from .sql import intersect  # noqa
+from .sql import intersect_all  # noqa
+from .sql import join  # noqa
+from .sql import lateral  # noqa
+from .sql import literal  # noqa
+from .sql import literal_column  # noqa
+from .sql import modifier  # noqa
+from .sql import not_  # noqa
+from .sql import null  # noqa
+from .sql import nullsfirst  # noqa
+from .sql import nullslast  # noqa
+from .sql import or_  # noqa
+from .sql import outerjoin  # noqa
+from .sql import outparam  # noqa
+from .sql import over  # noqa
+from .sql import select  # noqa
+from .sql import subquery  # noqa
+from .sql import table  # noqa
+from .sql import tablesample  # noqa
+from .sql import text  # noqa
+from .sql import true  # noqa
+from .sql import tuple_  # noqa
+from .sql import type_coerce  # noqa
+from .sql import union  # noqa
+from .sql import union_all  # noqa
+from .sql import update  # noqa
+from .sql import within_group  # noqa
+from .types import ARRAY  # noqa
+from .types import BIGINT  # noqa
+from .types import BigInteger  # noqa
+from .types import BINARY  # noqa
+from .types import Binary  # noqa
+from .types import BLOB  # noqa
+from .types import BOOLEAN  # noqa
+from .types import Boolean  # noqa
+from .types import CHAR  # noqa
+from .types import CLOB  # noqa
+from .types import DATE  # noqa
+from .types import Date  # noqa
+from .types import DATETIME  # noqa
+from .types import DateTime  # noqa
+from .types import DECIMAL  # noqa
+from .types import Enum  # noqa
+from .types import FLOAT  # noqa
+from .types import Float  # noqa
+from .types import INT  # noqa
+from .types import INTEGER  # noqa
+from .types import Integer  # noqa
+from .types import Interval  # noqa
+from .types import JSON  # noqa
+from .types import LargeBinary  # noqa
+from .types import NCHAR  # noqa
+from .types import NUMERIC  # noqa
+from .types import Numeric  # noqa
+from .types import NVARCHAR  # noqa
+from .types import PickleType  # noqa
+from .types import REAL  # noqa
+from .types import SMALLINT  # noqa
+from .types import SmallInteger  # noqa
+from .types import String  # noqa
+from .types import TEXT  # noqa
+from .types import Text  # noqa
+from .types import TIME  # noqa
+from .types import Time  # noqa
+from .types import TIMESTAMP  # noqa
+from .types import TypeDecorator  # noqa
+from .types import Unicode  # noqa
+from .types import UnicodeText  # noqa
+from .types import VARBINARY  # noqa
+from .types import VARCHAR  # noqa
+
+from .engine import create_engine  # noqa nosort
+from .engine import engine_from_config  # noqa nosort
 
-from .sql import (
-    alias,
-    all_,
-    and_,
-    any_,
-    asc,
-    between,
-    bindparam,
-    case,
-    cast,
-    collate,
-    column,
-    delete,
-    desc,
-    distinct,
-    except_,
-    except_all,
-    exists,
-    extract,
-    false,
-    func,
-    funcfilter,
-    insert,
-    intersect,
-    intersect_all,
-    join,
-    lateral,
-    literal,
-    literal_column,
-    modifier,
-    not_,
-    null,
-    nullsfirst,
-    nullslast,
-    or_,
-    outerjoin,
-    outparam,
-    over,
-    select,
-    subquery,
-    table,
-    tablesample,
-    text,
-    true,
-    tuple_,
-    type_coerce,
-    union,
-    union_all,
-    update,
-    within_group,
-)
-
-from .types import (
-    ARRAY,
-    BIGINT,
-    BINARY,
-    BLOB,
-    BOOLEAN,
-    BigInteger,
-    Binary,
-    Boolean,
-    CHAR,
-    CLOB,
-    DATE,
-    DATETIME,
-    DECIMAL,
-    Date,
-    DateTime,
-    Enum,
-    FLOAT,
-    Float,
-    INT,
-    INTEGER,
-    Integer,
-    Interval,
-    JSON,
-    LargeBinary,
-    NCHAR,
-    NVARCHAR,
-    NUMERIC,
-    Numeric,
-    PickleType,
-    REAL,
-    SMALLINT,
-    SmallInteger,
-    String,
-    TEXT,
-    TIME,
-    TIMESTAMP,
-    Text,
-    Time,
-    TypeDecorator,
-    Unicode,
-    UnicodeText,
-    VARBINARY,
-    VARCHAR,
-)
-
-
-from .schema import (
-    CheckConstraint,
-    Column,
-    ColumnDefault,
-    Constraint,
-    DefaultClause,
-    FetchedValue,
-    ForeignKey,
-    ForeignKeyConstraint,
-    Index,
-    MetaData,
-    PassiveDefault,
-    PrimaryKeyConstraint,
-    Sequence,
-    Table,
-    ThreadLocalMetaData,
-    UniqueConstraint,
-    DDL,
-    BLANK_SCHEMA,
-)
-
-
-from .inspection import inspect
-from .engine import create_engine, engine_from_config
 
 __version__ = "1.3.0b2"
 
@@ -136,7 +128,7 @@ __version__ = "1.3.0b2"
 def __go(lcls):
     global __all__
 
-    from . import events
+    from . import events  # noqa
     from . import util as _sa_util
 
     import inspect as _inspect
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/connectors/mxodbc.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/connectors/mxodbc.py
index 209877e4a5..1cd695269b 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/connectors/mxodbc.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/connectors/mxodbc.py
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ For more info on mxODBC, see http://www.egenix.com/
 
 """
 
-import sys
 import re
+import sys
 import warnings
 
 from . import Connector
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ class MxODBCConnector(Connector):
         return error_handler
 
     def create_connect_args(self, url):
-        """ Return a tuple of *args,**kwargs for creating a connection.
+        r"""Return a tuple of \*args, \**kwargs for creating a connection.
 
         The mxODBC 3.x connection constructor looks like this:
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/connectors/pyodbc.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/connectors/pyodbc.py
index 8f5eea89b8..6c96661a0c 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/connectors/pyodbc.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/connectors/pyodbc.py
@@ -5,13 +5,12 @@
 # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 
+import re
+
 from . import Connector
 from .. import util
 
 
-import re
-
-
 class PyODBCConnector(Connector):
     driver = "pyodbc"
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/connectors/zxJDBC.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/connectors/zxJDBC.py
index 003ecbed1c..a017f7d131 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/connectors/zxJDBC.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/connectors/zxJDBC.py
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 
 import sys
+
 from . import Connector
 
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/databases/__init__.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/databases/__init__.py
index d2d56a7ae2..a30e78416c 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/databases/__init__.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/databases/__init__.py
@@ -9,17 +9,18 @@
 compatibility with pre 0.6 versions.
 
 """
-from ..dialects.sqlite import base as sqlite
-from ..dialects.postgresql import base as postgresql
-
-postgres = postgresql
-from ..dialects.mysql import base as mysql
-from ..dialects.oracle import base as oracle
 from ..dialects.firebird import base as firebird
 from ..dialects.mssql import base as mssql
+from ..dialects.mysql import base as mysql
+from ..dialects.oracle import base as oracle
+from ..dialects.postgresql import base as postgresql
+from ..dialects.sqlite import base as sqlite
 from ..dialects.sybase import base as sybase
 
 
+postgres = postgresql
+
+
 __all__ = (
     "firebird",
     "mssql",
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/__init__.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/__init__.py
index 65f30bb768..0f11cb0f06 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/__init__.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/__init__.py
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ __all__ = (
 
 from .. import util
 
+
 _translates = {"postgres": "postgresql"}
 
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/firebird/__init__.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/firebird/__init__.py
index 510d623374..b8de5f0d41 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/firebird/__init__.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/firebird/__init__.py
@@ -5,21 +5,21 @@
 # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 
-from . import base, kinterbasdb, fdb  # noqa
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.firebird.base import BIGINT
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.firebird.base import BLOB
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.firebird.base import CHAR
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.firebird.base import DATE
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.firebird.base import FLOAT
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.firebird.base import NUMERIC
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.firebird.base import SMALLINT
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.firebird.base import TEXT
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.firebird.base import TIME
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.firebird.base import TIMESTAMP
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.firebird.base import VARCHAR
+from . import base  # noqa
+from . import fdb  # noqa
+from . import kinterbasdb  # noqa
 
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.firebird.base import (
-    SMALLINT,
-    BIGINT,
-    FLOAT,
-    DATE,
-    TIME,
-    TEXT,
-    NUMERIC,
-    TIMESTAMP,
-    VARCHAR,
-    CHAR,
-    BLOB,
-)
 
 base.dialect = dialect = fdb.dialect
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/firebird/base.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/firebird/base.py
index 1e9c778f3e..70bec8bd93 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/firebird/base.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/firebird/base.py
@@ -72,26 +72,26 @@ the SQLAlchemy ``returning()`` method, such as::
 
 import datetime
 
-from sqlalchemy import schema as sa_schema
-from sqlalchemy import exc, types as sqltypes, sql, util
-from sqlalchemy.sql import expression
-from sqlalchemy.engine import base, default, reflection
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import sql
+from sqlalchemy import types as sqltypes
+from sqlalchemy import util
+from sqlalchemy.engine import default
+from sqlalchemy.engine import reflection
 from sqlalchemy.sql import compiler
+from sqlalchemy.sql import expression
 from sqlalchemy.sql.elements import quoted_name
-
-from sqlalchemy.types import (
-    BIGINT,
-    BLOB,
-    DATE,
-    FLOAT,
-    INTEGER,
-    NUMERIC,
-    SMALLINT,
-    TEXT,
-    TIME,
-    TIMESTAMP,
-    Integer,
-)
+from sqlalchemy.types import BIGINT
+from sqlalchemy.types import BLOB
+from sqlalchemy.types import DATE
+from sqlalchemy.types import FLOAT
+from sqlalchemy.types import INTEGER
+from sqlalchemy.types import Integer
+from sqlalchemy.types import NUMERIC
+from sqlalchemy.types import SMALLINT
+from sqlalchemy.types import TEXT
+from sqlalchemy.types import TIME
+from sqlalchemy.types import TIMESTAMP
 
 
 RESERVED_WORDS = set(
@@ -547,11 +547,11 @@ class FBDDLCompiler(sql.compiler.DDLCompiler):
         # no syntax for these
         # http://www.firebirdsql.org/manual/generatorguide-sqlsyntax.html
         if create.element.start is not None:
-            raise NotImplemented(
+            raise NotImplementedError(
                 "Firebird SEQUENCE doesn't support START WITH"
             )
         if create.element.increment is not None:
-            raise NotImplemented(
+            raise NotImplementedError(
                 "Firebird SEQUENCE doesn't support INCREMENT BY"
             )
 
@@ -659,9 +659,9 @@ class FBDialect(default.DefaultDialect):
         name = name and name.rstrip()
         if name is None:
             return None
-        elif name.upper() == name and not self.identifier_preparer._requires_quotes(
-            name.lower()
-        ):
+        elif name.upper() == name and not (
+            self.identifier_preparer._requires_quotes
+        )(name.lower()):
             return name.lower()
         elif name.lower() == name:
             return quoted_name(name, quote=True)
@@ -671,9 +671,9 @@ class FBDialect(default.DefaultDialect):
     def denormalize_name(self, name):
         if name is None:
             return None
-        elif name.lower() == name and not self.identifier_preparer._requires_quotes(
-            name.lower()
-        ):
+        elif name.lower() == name and not (
+            self.identifier_preparer._requires_quotes
+        )(name.lower()):
             return name.upper()
         else:
             return name
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/firebird/fdb.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/firebird/fdb.py
index 5bf3d2c49b..83ca5221b1 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/firebird/fdb.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/firebird/fdb.py
@@ -9,8 +9,7 @@
 .. dialect:: firebird+fdb
     :name: fdb
     :dbapi: pyodbc
-    :connectstring: firebird+fdb://user:password@host:port/path/to/db\
-[?key=value&key=value...]
+    :connectstring: firebird+fdb://user:password@host:port/path/to/db[?key=value&key=value...]
     :url: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/fdb/
 
     fdb is a kinterbasdb compatible DBAPI for Firebird.
@@ -66,7 +65,7 @@ accept every argument that Kinterbasdb does.
     http://pythonhosted.org/fdb/usage-guide.html#retaining-transactions
     - information on the "retaining" flag.
 
-"""
+"""  # noqa
 
 from .kinterbasdb import FBDialect_kinterbasdb
 from ... import util
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/firebird/kinterbasdb.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/firebird/kinterbasdb.py
index 6d71440966..8adce847e8 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/firebird/kinterbasdb.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/firebird/kinterbasdb.py
@@ -9,8 +9,7 @@
 .. dialect:: firebird+kinterbasdb
     :name: kinterbasdb
     :dbapi: kinterbasdb
-    :connectstring: firebird+kinterbasdb://user:password@host:port/path/to/db\
-[?key=value&key=value...]
+    :connectstring: firebird+kinterbasdb://user:password@host:port/path/to/db[?key=value&key=value...]
     :url: http://firebirdsql.org/index.php?op=devel&sub=python
 
 Arguments
@@ -36,12 +35,15 @@ In addition, it also accepts the following:
 
     http://kinterbasdb.sourceforge.net/dist_docs/usage.html#special_issue_concurrency
 
-"""
+"""  # noqa
 
-from .base import FBDialect, FBExecutionContext
-from ... import util, types as sqltypes
-from re import match
 import decimal
+from re import match
+
+from .base import FBDialect
+from .base import FBExecutionContext
+from ... import types as sqltypes
+from ... import util
 
 
 class _kinterbasdb_numeric(object):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mssql/__init__.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mssql/__init__.py
index 88a94fcfb5..5bf822bca8 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mssql/__init__.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mssql/__init__.py
@@ -5,41 +5,44 @@
 # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 
-from . import base, pyodbc, adodbapi, pymssql, zxjdbc, mxodbc  # noqa
+from . import adodbapi  # noqa
+from . import base  # noqa
+from . import mxodbc  # noqa
+from . import pymssql  # noqa
+from . import pyodbc  # noqa
+from . import zxjdbc  # noqa
+from .base import BIGINT
+from .base import BINARY
+from .base import BIT
+from .base import CHAR
+from .base import DATE
+from .base import DATETIME
+from .base import DATETIME2
+from .base import DATETIMEOFFSET
+from .base import DECIMAL
+from .base import FLOAT
+from .base import IMAGE
+from .base import INTEGER
+from .base import MONEY
+from .base import NCHAR
+from .base import NTEXT
+from .base import NUMERIC
+from .base import NVARCHAR
+from .base import REAL
+from .base import ROWVERSION
+from .base import SMALLDATETIME
+from .base import SMALLINT
+from .base import SMALLMONEY
+from .base import SQL_VARIANT
+from .base import TEXT
+from .base import TIME
+from .base import TIMESTAMP
+from .base import TINYINT
+from .base import UNIQUEIDENTIFIER
+from .base import VARBINARY
+from .base import VARCHAR
+from .base import XML
 
-from .base import (
-    INTEGER,
-    BIGINT,
-    SMALLINT,
-    TINYINT,
-    VARCHAR,
-    NVARCHAR,
-    CHAR,
-    NCHAR,
-    TEXT,
-    NTEXT,
-    DECIMAL,
-    NUMERIC,
-    FLOAT,
-    DATETIME,
-    DATETIME2,
-    DATETIMEOFFSET,
-    DATE,
-    TIME,
-    SMALLDATETIME,
-    BINARY,
-    VARBINARY,
-    BIT,
-    REAL,
-    IMAGE,
-    TIMESTAMP,
-    ROWVERSION,
-    MONEY,
-    SMALLMONEY,
-    UNIQUEIDENTIFIER,
-    SQL_VARIANT,
-    XML,
-)
 
 base.dialect = dialect = pyodbc.dialect
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mssql/adodbapi.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mssql/adodbapi.py
index d985c3bb69..08f7ae28ad 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mssql/adodbapi.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mssql/adodbapi.py
@@ -19,10 +19,13 @@
 
 """
 import datetime
-from sqlalchemy import types as sqltypes, util
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.mssql.base import MSDateTime, MSDialect
 import sys
 
+from sqlalchemy import types as sqltypes
+from sqlalchemy import util
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.mssql.base import MSDateTime
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.mssql.base import MSDialect
+
 
 class MSDateTime_adodbapi(MSDateTime):
     def result_processor(self, dialect, coltype):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mssql/base.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mssql/base.py
index 161297015f..ac427b5fd2 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mssql/base.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mssql/base.py
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 #
 # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
-
 """
 .. dialect:: mssql
     :name: Microsoft SQL Server
@@ -331,9 +330,10 @@ for these types will be issued as DATETIME.
 Large Text/Binary Type Deprecation
 ----------------------------------
 
-Per `SQL Server 2012/2014 Documentation <http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms187993.aspx>`_,
-the ``NTEXT``, ``TEXT`` and ``IMAGE`` datatypes are to be removed from SQL Server
-in a future release.   SQLAlchemy normally relates these types to the
+Per
+`SQL Server 2012/2014 Documentation <http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms187993.aspx>`_,
+the ``NTEXT``, ``TEXT`` and ``IMAGE`` datatypes are to be removed from SQL
+Server in a future release.   SQLAlchemy normally relates these types to the
 :class:`.UnicodeText`, :class:`.Text` and :class:`.LargeBinary` datatypes.
 
 In order to accommodate this change, a new flag ``deprecate_large_types``
@@ -355,9 +355,9 @@ behavior of this flag is as follows:
   established.   If the dialect is used to render DDL without the flag being
   set, it is interpreted the same as ``False``.
 
-* On first connection, the dialect detects if SQL Server version 2012 or greater
-  is in use; if the flag is still at ``None``, it sets it to ``True`` or
-  ``False`` based on whether 2012 or greater is detected.
+* On first connection, the dialect detects if SQL Server version 2012 or
+  greater is in use; if the flag is still at ``None``, it sets it to ``True``
+  or ``False`` based on whether 2012 or greater is detected.
 
 * The flag can be set to either ``True`` or ``False`` when the dialect
   is created, typically via :func:`.create_engine`::
@@ -368,8 +368,8 @@ behavior of this flag is as follows:
 * Complete control over whether the "old" or "new" types are rendered is
   available in all SQLAlchemy versions by using the UPPERCASE type objects
   instead: :class:`.NVARCHAR`, :class:`.VARCHAR`, :class:`.types.VARBINARY`,
-  :class:`.TEXT`, :class:`.mssql.NTEXT`, :class:`.mssql.IMAGE` will always remain
-  fixed and always output exactly that type.
+  :class:`.TEXT`, :class:`.mssql.NTEXT`, :class:`.mssql.IMAGE` will always
+  remain fixed and always output exactly that type.
 
 .. versionadded:: 1.0.0
 
@@ -643,38 +643,42 @@ following ALTER DATABASE commands executed at the SQL prompt::
 Background on SQL Server snapshot isolation is available at
 http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms175095.aspx.
 
+"""  # noqa
 
-"""
 import codecs
 import datetime
 import operator
 import re
 
-from ... import sql, schema as sa_schema, exc, util
-from ...sql import compiler, expression, util as sql_util, quoted_name
+from . import information_schema as ischema
 from ... import engine
-from ...engine import reflection, default
+from ... import exc
+from ... import schema as sa_schema
+from ... import sql
 from ... import types as sqltypes
-from ...types import (
-    INTEGER,
-    BIGINT,
-    SMALLINT,
-    DECIMAL,
-    NUMERIC,
-    FLOAT,
-    DATETIME,
-    DATE,
-    BINARY,
-    TEXT,
-    VARCHAR,
-    NVARCHAR,
-    CHAR,
-    NCHAR,
-)
-
-
+from ... import util
+from ...engine import default
+from ...engine import reflection
+from ...sql import compiler
+from ...sql import expression
+from ...sql import quoted_name
+from ...sql import util as sql_util
+from ...types import BIGINT
+from ...types import BINARY
+from ...types import CHAR
+from ...types import DATE
+from ...types import DATETIME
+from ...types import DECIMAL
+from ...types import FLOAT
+from ...types import INTEGER
+from ...types import NCHAR
+from ...types import NUMERIC
+from ...types import NVARCHAR
+from ...types import SMALLINT
+from ...types import TEXT
+from ...types import VARCHAR
 from ...util import update_wrapper
-from . import information_schema as ischema
+
 
 # http://sqlserverbuilds.blogspot.com/
 MS_2016_VERSION = (13,)
@@ -1357,9 +1361,9 @@ class MSExecutionContext(default.DefaultExecutionContext):
             insert_has_sequence = seq_column is not None
 
             if insert_has_sequence:
-                self._enable_identity_insert = seq_column.key in self.compiled_parameters[
-                    0
-                ] or (
+                self._enable_identity_insert = (
+                    seq_column.key in self.compiled_parameters[0]
+                ) or (
                     self.compiled.statement.parameters
                     and (
                         (
@@ -2462,7 +2466,7 @@ class MSDialect(default.DefaultDialect):
                 break
             (
                 name,
-                type,
+                type_,
                 nullable,
                 charlen,
                 numericprec,
@@ -2479,7 +2483,7 @@ class MSDialect(default.DefaultDialect):
                 row[columns.c.column_default],
                 row[columns.c.collation_name],
             )
-            coltype = self.ischema_names.get(type, None)
+            coltype = self.ischema_names.get(type_, None)
 
             kwargs = {}
             if coltype in (
@@ -2501,7 +2505,8 @@ class MSDialect(default.DefaultDialect):
 
             if coltype is None:
                 util.warn(
-                    "Did not recognize type '%s' of column '%s'" % (type, name)
+                    "Did not recognize type '%s' of column '%s'"
+                    % (type_, name)
                 )
                 coltype = sqltypes.NULLTYPE
             else:
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mssql/information_schema.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mssql/information_schema.py
index c4ea8ab0cb..0ff40218e2 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mssql/information_schema.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mssql/information_schema.py
@@ -8,12 +8,18 @@
 # TODO: should be using the sys. catalog with SQL Server, not information
 # schema
 
-from ... import Table, MetaData, Column
-from ...types import String, Unicode, UnicodeText, Integer, TypeDecorator
 from ... import cast
+from ... import Column
+from ... import MetaData
+from ... import Table
 from ... import util
-from ...sql import expression
 from ...ext.compiler import compiles
+from ...sql import expression
+from ...types import Integer
+from ...types import String
+from ...types import TypeDecorator
+from ...types import Unicode
+
 
 ischema = MetaData()
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mssql/mxodbc.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mssql/mxodbc.py
index 3b9ea27077..6d81e8e497 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mssql/mxodbc.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mssql/mxodbc.py
@@ -43,17 +43,15 @@ of ``False`` will unconditionally use string-escaped parameters.
 """
 
 
+from .base import _MSDate
+from .base import _MSDateTime
+from .base import _MSTime
+from .base import MSDialect
+from .base import VARBINARY
+from .pyodbc import _MSNumeric_pyodbc
+from .pyodbc import MSExecutionContext_pyodbc
 from ... import types as sqltypes
 from ...connectors.mxodbc import MxODBCConnector
-from .pyodbc import MSExecutionContext_pyodbc, _MSNumeric_pyodbc
-from .base import (
-    MSDialect,
-    MSSQLStrictCompiler,
-    VARBINARY,
-    _MSDateTime,
-    _MSDate,
-    _MSTime,
-)
 
 
 class _MSNumeric_mxodbc(_MSNumeric_pyodbc):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mssql/pymssql.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mssql/pymssql.py
index 847c003292..062c811ba2 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mssql/pymssql.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mssql/pymssql.py
@@ -9,8 +9,7 @@
 .. dialect:: mssql+pymssql
     :name: pymssql
     :dbapi: pymssql
-    :connectstring: mssql+pymssql://<username>:<password>@<freetds_name>/?\
-charset=utf8
+    :connectstring: mssql+pymssql://<username>:<password>@<freetds_name>/?charset=utf8
     :url: http://pymssql.org/
 
 pymssql is a Python module that provides a Python DBAPI interface around
@@ -20,11 +19,15 @@ Linux, MacOSX and Windows platforms.
 Modern versions of this driver work very well with SQL Server and
 FreeTDS from Linux and is highly recommended.
 
-"""
-from .base import MSDialect, MSIdentifierPreparer
-from ... import types as sqltypes, util, processors
+"""  # noqa
 import re
 
+from .base import MSDialect
+from .base import MSIdentifierPreparer
+from ... import processors
+from ... import types as sqltypes
+from ... import util
+
 
 class _MSNumeric_pymssql(sqltypes.Numeric):
     def result_processor(self, dialect, type_):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mssql/pyodbc.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mssql/pyodbc.py
index db5573c2c7..c2d475b101 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mssql/pyodbc.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mssql/pyodbc.py
@@ -55,8 +55,8 @@ Pass through exact Pyodbc string
 
 A PyODBC connection string can also be sent exactly as specified in
 `ConnectionStrings <https://code.google.com/p/pyodbc/wiki/ConnectionStrings>`_
-into the driver using the parameter ``odbc_connect``.  The delimeters must be URL escaped, however,
-as illustrated below using ``urllib.quote_plus``::
+into the driver using the parameter ``odbc_connect``.  The delimeters must be
+URL escaped, however, as illustrated below using ``urllib.quote_plus``::
 
     import urllib
     params = urllib.quote_plus("DRIVER={SQL Server Native Client 10.0};SERVER=dagger;DATABASE=test;UID=user;PWD=password")
@@ -107,19 +107,24 @@ in order to use this flag::
 
 .. seealso::
 
-    `fast executemany
-    <https://github.com/mkleehammer/pyodbc/wiki/Features-beyond-the-DB-API#fast_executemany>`_
+    `fast executemany <https://github.com/mkleehammer/pyodbc/wiki/Features-beyond-the-DB-API#fast_executemany>`_
     - on github
 
 
-"""
+"""  # noqa
 
-from .base import MSExecutionContext, MSDialect, BINARY, VARBINARY
-from ...connectors.pyodbc import PyODBCConnector
-from ... import types as sqltypes, util, exc
 import decimal
 import re
 
+from .base import BINARY
+from .base import MSDialect
+from .base import MSExecutionContext
+from .base import VARBINARY
+from ... import exc
+from ... import types as sqltypes
+from ... import util
+from ...connectors.pyodbc import PyODBCConnector
+
 
 class _ms_numeric_pyodbc(object):
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mssql/zxjdbc.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mssql/zxjdbc.py
index 13fc46e190..8ef74f2d8f 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mssql/zxjdbc.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mssql/zxjdbc.py
@@ -9,17 +9,17 @@
 .. dialect:: mssql+zxjdbc
     :name: zxJDBC for Jython
     :dbapi: zxjdbc
-    :connectstring: mssql+zxjdbc://user:pass@host:port/dbname\
-[?key=value&key=value...]
+    :connectstring: mssql+zxjdbc://user:pass@host:port/dbname[?key=value&key=value...]
     :driverurl: http://jtds.sourceforge.net/
 
     .. note:: Jython is not supported by current versions of SQLAlchemy.  The
        zxjdbc dialect should be considered as experimental.
 
-"""
-from ...connectors.zxJDBC import ZxJDBCConnector
-from .base import MSDialect, MSExecutionContext
+"""  # noqa
+from .base import MSDialect
+from .base import MSExecutionContext
 from ... import engine
+from ...connectors.zxJDBC import ZxJDBCConnector
 
 
 class MSExecutionContext_zxjdbc(MSExecutionContext):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/__init__.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/__init__.py
index ffeb8f486b..65a30a5b23 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/__init__.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/__init__.py
@@ -5,58 +5,52 @@
 # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 
-from . import (
-    base,
-    mysqldb,
-    oursql,
-    pyodbc,
-    zxjdbc,
-    mysqlconnector,
-    pymysql,
-    gaerdbms,
-    cymysql,
-)
-
-from .base import (
-    BIGINT,
-    BINARY,
-    BIT,
-    BLOB,
-    BOOLEAN,
-    CHAR,
-    DATE,
-    DATETIME,
-    DECIMAL,
-    DOUBLE,
-    ENUM,
-    DECIMAL,
-    FLOAT,
-    INTEGER,
-    INTEGER,
-    JSON,
-    LONGBLOB,
-    LONGTEXT,
-    MEDIUMBLOB,
-    MEDIUMINT,
-    MEDIUMTEXT,
-    NCHAR,
-    NVARCHAR,
-    NUMERIC,
-    SET,
-    SMALLINT,
-    REAL,
-    TEXT,
-    TIME,
-    TIMESTAMP,
-    TINYBLOB,
-    TINYINT,
-    TINYTEXT,
-    VARBINARY,
-    VARCHAR,
-    YEAR,
-)
+from . import base  # noqa
+from . import cymysql  # noqa
+from . import gaerdbms  # noqa
+from . import mysqlconnector  # noqa
+from . import mysqldb  # noqa
+from . import oursql  # noqa
+from . import pymysql  # noqa
+from . import pyodbc  # noqa
+from . import zxjdbc  # noqa
+from .base import BIGINT
+from .base import BINARY
+from .base import BIT
+from .base import BLOB
+from .base import BOOLEAN
+from .base import CHAR
+from .base import DATE
+from .base import DATETIME
+from .base import DECIMAL
+from .base import DOUBLE
+from .base import ENUM
+from .base import FLOAT
+from .base import INTEGER
+from .base import JSON
+from .base import LONGBLOB
+from .base import LONGTEXT
+from .base import MEDIUMBLOB
+from .base import MEDIUMINT
+from .base import MEDIUMTEXT
+from .base import NCHAR
+from .base import NUMERIC
+from .base import NVARCHAR
+from .base import REAL
+from .base import SET
+from .base import SMALLINT
+from .base import TEXT
+from .base import TIME
+from .base import TIMESTAMP
+from .base import TINYBLOB
+from .base import TINYINT
+from .base import TINYTEXT
+from .base import VARBINARY
+from .base import VARCHAR
+from .base import YEAR
+from .dml import Insert
+from .dml import insert
 
-from .dml import insert, Insert
 
 # default dialect
 base.dialect = dialect = mysqldb.dialect
@@ -100,4 +94,6 @@ __all__ = (
     "VARCHAR",
     "YEAR",
     "dialect",
+    "insert",
+    "Insert",
 )
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/base.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/base.py
index 7b0d0618c7..4a0d82fe15 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/base.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/base.py
@@ -118,14 +118,13 @@ to be used.
 Transaction Isolation Level
 ---------------------------
 
-All MySQL dialects support setting of transaction isolation level
-both via a dialect-specific parameter :paramref:`.create_engine.isolation_level`
-accepted by :func:`.create_engine`,
-as well as the :paramref:`.Connection.execution_options.isolation_level`
-argument as passed to :meth:`.Connection.execution_options`.
-This feature works by issuing the command
-``SET SESSION TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL <level>`` for
-each new connection.  For the special AUTOCOMMIT isolation level, DBAPI-specific
+All MySQL dialects support setting of transaction isolation level both via a
+dialect-specific parameter :paramref:`.create_engine.isolation_level` accepted
+by :func:`.create_engine`, as well as the
+:paramref:`.Connection.execution_options.isolation_level` argument as passed to
+:meth:`.Connection.execution_options`. This feature works by issuing the
+command ``SET SESSION TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL <level>`` for each new
+connection.  For the special AUTOCOMMIT isolation level, DBAPI-specific
 techniques are used.
 
 To set isolation level using :func:`.create_engine`::
@@ -258,31 +257,35 @@ emit a warning when attempting to pass binary data to the database, while a
 character set encoding is also in place, when the binary data itself is not
 valid for that encoding::
 
-    default.py:509: Warning: (1300, "Invalid utf8mb4 character string: 'F9876A'")
+    default.py:509: Warning: (1300, "Invalid utf8mb4 character string:
+    'F9876A'")
       cursor.execute(statement, parameters)
 
 This warning is due to the fact that the MySQL client library is attempting to
-interpret the binary string as a unicode object even if a datatype such as
-:class:`.LargeBinary` is in use.   To resolve this, the SQL statement requires
+interpret the binary string as a unicode object even if a datatype such
+as :class:`.LargeBinary` is in use.   To resolve this, the SQL statement requires
 a binary "character set introducer" be present before any non-NULL value
 that renders like this::
 
     INSERT INTO table (data) VALUES (_binary %s)
 
-These character set introducers are provided by the DBAPI driver, assuming
-the use of mysqlclient or PyMySQL (both of which are recommended).  Add the
-query string parameter ``binary_prefix=true`` to the URL to repair this warning::
+These character set introducers are provided by the DBAPI driver, assuming the
+use of mysqlclient or PyMySQL (both of which are recommended).  Add the query
+string parameter ``binary_prefix=true`` to the URL to repair this warning::
 
     # mysqlclient
-    engine = create_engine("mysql+mysqldb://scott:tiger@localhost/test?charset=utf8mb4&binary_prefix=true")
+    engine = create_engine(
+        "mysql+mysqldb://scott:tiger@localhost/test?charset=utf8mb4&binary_prefix=true")
 
     # PyMySQL
-    engine = create_engine("mysql+pymysql://scott:tiger@localhost/test?charset=utf8mb4&binary_prefix=true")
+    engine = create_engine(
+        "mysql+pymysql://scott:tiger@localhost/test?charset=utf8mb4&binary_prefix=true")
+
 
 The ``binary_prefix`` flag may or may not be supported by other MySQL drivers.
 
-SQLAlchemy itself cannot render this ``_binary`` prefix reliably, as it does not
-work with the NULL value, which is valid to be sent as a bound parameter.
+SQLAlchemy itself cannot render this ``_binary`` prefix reliably, as it does
+not work with the NULL value, which is valid to be sent as a bound parameter.
 As the MySQL driver renders parameters directly into the SQL string, it's the
 most efficient place for this additional keyword to be passed.
 
@@ -320,7 +323,8 @@ And of course any valid MySQL statement can be executed as a string as well.
 Some limited direct support for MySQL extensions to SQL is currently
 available.
 
-* INSERT..ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE:  See :ref:`mysql_insert_on_duplicate_key_update`
+* INSERT..ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE:  See
+  :ref:`mysql_insert_on_duplicate_key_update`
 
 * SELECT pragma::
 
@@ -530,8 +534,7 @@ storage engine.
 
 .. seealso::
 
-    `CREATE INDEX <http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/create-index.html>`_ - \
-    MySQL documentation
+    `CREATE INDEX <http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/create-index.html>`_ - MySQL documentation
 
 Index Types
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -696,8 +699,8 @@ any other datatype on the MySQL side with regards to defaults and nullability.
 
 However, to accommodate the vast majority of MySQL databases that do not
 specify this new flag, SQLAlchemy emits the "NULL" specifier explicitly with
-any TIMESTAMP column that does not specify ``nullable=False``.   In order
-to accommodate newer databases that specify ``explicit_defaults_for_timestamp``,
+any TIMESTAMP column that does not specify ``nullable=False``.   In order to
+accommodate newer databases that specify ``explicit_defaults_for_timestamp``,
 SQLAlchemy also emits NOT NULL for TIMESTAMP columns that do specify
 ``nullable=False``.   The following example illustrates::
 
@@ -731,61 +734,66 @@ output::
    ``explicit_defaults_for_timestamp``.  Prior to this version, it will
    not render "NOT NULL" for a TIMESTAMP column that is ``nullable=False``.
 
-"""
+"""  # noqa
 
+from array import array as _array
 from collections import defaultdict
 import re
 import sys
 
+from . import reflection as _reflection
+from .enumerated import ENUM
+from .enumerated import SET
+from .json import JSON
+from .json import JSONIndexType
+from .json import JSONPathType
+from .types import _FloatType
+from .types import _IntegerType
+from .types import _MatchType
+from .types import _NumericType
+from .types import _StringType
+from .types import BIGINT
+from .types import BIT
+from .types import CHAR
+from .types import DATETIME
+from .types import DECIMAL
+from .types import DOUBLE
+from .types import FLOAT
+from .types import INTEGER
+from .types import LONGBLOB
+from .types import LONGTEXT
+from .types import MEDIUMBLOB
+from .types import MEDIUMINT
+from .types import MEDIUMTEXT
+from .types import NCHAR
+from .types import NUMERIC
+from .types import NVARCHAR
+from .types import REAL
+from .types import SMALLINT
+from .types import TEXT
+from .types import TIME
+from .types import TIMESTAMP
+from .types import TINYBLOB
+from .types import TINYINT
+from .types import TINYTEXT
+from .types import VARCHAR
+from .types import YEAR
+from ... import exc
+from ... import log
 from ... import schema as sa_schema
-from ... import exc, log, sql, util
-from ...sql import compiler, elements
-from array import array as _array
-
-from ...engine import reflection
-from ...engine import default
+from ... import sql
 from ... import types as sqltypes
+from ... import util
+from ...engine import default
+from ...engine import reflection
+from ...sql import compiler
+from ...sql import elements
+from ...types import BINARY
+from ...types import BLOB
+from ...types import BOOLEAN
+from ...types import DATE
+from ...types import VARBINARY
 from ...util import topological
-from ...types import DATE, BOOLEAN, BLOB, BINARY, VARBINARY
-
-from . import reflection as _reflection
-from .types import (
-    BIGINT,
-    BIT,
-    CHAR,
-    DECIMAL,
-    DATETIME,
-    DOUBLE,
-    FLOAT,
-    INTEGER,
-    LONGBLOB,
-    LONGTEXT,
-    MEDIUMBLOB,
-    MEDIUMINT,
-    MEDIUMTEXT,
-    NCHAR,
-    NUMERIC,
-    NVARCHAR,
-    REAL,
-    SMALLINT,
-    TEXT,
-    TIME,
-    TIMESTAMP,
-    TINYBLOB,
-    TINYINT,
-    TINYTEXT,
-    VARCHAR,
-    YEAR,
-)
-from .types import (
-    _StringType,
-    _IntegerType,
-    _NumericType,
-    _FloatType,
-    _MatchType,
-)
-from .enumerated import ENUM, SET
-from .json import JSON, JSONIndexType, JSONPathType
 
 
 RESERVED_WORDS = set(
@@ -2026,7 +2034,7 @@ class MySQLTypeCompiler(compiler.GenericTypeCompiler):
             "SET", type_, type_._enumerated_values
         )
 
-    def visit_BOOLEAN(self, type, **kw):
+    def visit_BOOLEAN(self, type_, **kw):
         return "BOOL"
 
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/cymysql.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/cymysql.py
index 8a60608db7..ba7c6fac26 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/cymysql.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/cymysql.py
@@ -4,21 +4,19 @@
 #
 # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
-
-"""
+r"""
 
 .. dialect:: mysql+cymysql
     :name: CyMySQL
     :dbapi: cymysql
-    :connectstring: mysql+cymysql://<username>:<password>@<host>/<dbname>\
-[?<options>]
+    :connectstring: mysql+cymysql://<username>:<password>@<host>/<dbname>[?<options>]
     :url: https://github.com/nakagami/CyMySQL
 
-"""
-import re
+"""  # noqa
 
+from .base import BIT
+from .base import MySQLDialect
 from .mysqldb import MySQLDialect_mysqldb
-from .base import BIT, MySQLDialect
 from ... import util
 
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/dml.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/dml.py
index 5d59b2073e..59cd22d365 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/dml.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/dml.py
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
-from ...sql.elements import ClauseElement
+from ... import exc
+from ... import util
+from ...sql.base import _generative
 from ...sql.dml import Insert as StandardInsert
+from ...sql.elements import ClauseElement
 from ...sql.expression import alias
 from ...util.langhelpers import public_factory
-from ...sql.base import _generative
-from ... import exc
-from ... import util
+
 
 __all__ = ("Insert", "insert")
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/enumerated.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/enumerated.py
index 9586eff3ff..fe42bb3aa5 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/enumerated.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/enumerated.py
@@ -8,7 +8,9 @@
 import re
 
 from .types import _StringType
-from ... import exc, sql, util
+from ... import exc
+from ... import sql
+from ... import util
 from ...sql import sqltypes
 
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/gaerdbms.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/gaerdbms.py
index 117cd28a2f..23c84ec15f 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/gaerdbms.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/gaerdbms.py
@@ -4,13 +4,12 @@
 #
 # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
-"""
+r"""
 .. dialect:: mysql+gaerdbms
     :name: Google Cloud SQL
     :dbapi: rdbms
     :connectstring: mysql+gaerdbms:///<dbname>?instance=<instancename>
-    :url: https://developers.google.com/appengine/docs/python/cloud-sql/\
-developers-guide
+    :url: https://developers.google.com/appengine/docs/python/cloud-sql/developers-guide
 
     This dialect is based primarily on the :mod:`.mysql.mysqldb` dialect with
     minimal changes.
@@ -33,14 +32,14 @@ so the dialect does not pool connections.  The :class:`.NullPool`
 implementation is installed within the :class:`.Engine` by
 default.
 
-"""
+"""  # noqa
 
 import os
+import re
 
+from sqlalchemy.util import warn_deprecated
 from .mysqldb import MySQLDialect_mysqldb
 from ...pool import NullPool
-import re
-from sqlalchemy.util import warn_deprecated
 
 
 def _is_dev_environment():
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/json.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/json.py
index 162d48f73b..0f2ca439f8 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/json.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/json.py
@@ -7,9 +7,7 @@
 
 from __future__ import absolute_import
 
-from ...sql import elements
 from ... import types as sqltypes
-from ... import util
 
 
 class JSON(sqltypes.JSON):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/mysqlconnector.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/mysqlconnector.py
index 9c1502a14b..3e2211060c 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/mysqlconnector.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/mysqlconnector.py
@@ -5,12 +5,11 @@
 # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 
-"""
+r"""
 .. dialect:: mysql+mysqlconnector
     :name: MySQL Connector/Python
     :dbapi: myconnpy
-    :connectstring: mysql+mysqlconnector://<user>:<password>@\
-<host>[:<port>]/<dbname>
+    :connectstring: mysql+mysqlconnector://<user>:<password>@<host>[:<port>]/<dbname>
     :url: http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/connector/python/
 
 
@@ -45,19 +44,17 @@ This list should be updated as these issues are resolved either in the
 upstream mysql-connector-python driver or if appropriate usage patterns
 are contributed to SQLAlchemy.
 
-"""
+"""  # noqa
 
-from .base import (
-    MySQLDialect,
-    MySQLExecutionContext,
-    MySQLCompiler,
-    MySQLIdentifierPreparer,
-    BIT,
-)
-
-from ... import util
 import re
+
+from .base import BIT
+from .base import MySQLCompiler
+from .base import MySQLDialect
+from .base import MySQLExecutionContext
+from .base import MySQLIdentifierPreparer
 from ... import processors
+from ... import util
 
 
 class MySQLExecutionContext_mysqlconnector(MySQLExecutionContext):
@@ -140,9 +137,9 @@ class MySQLDialect_mysqlconnector(MySQLDialect):
 
         # hack description encoding since mysqlconnector randomly
         # returns bytes or not
-        self._description_decoder = processors.to_conditional_unicode_processor_factory(
-            self.description_encoding
-        )
+        self._description_decoder = (
+            processors.to_conditional_unicode_processor_factory
+        )(self.description_encoding)
 
     def _check_unicode_description(self, connection):
         # hack description encoding since mysqlconnector randomly
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/mysqldb.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/mysqldb.py
index 6d42f5c04e..313940cbc9 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/mysqldb.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/mysqldb.py
@@ -45,16 +45,15 @@ The mysqldb dialect supports server-side cursors. See :ref:`mysql_ss_cursors`.
 
 """
 
-from .base import (
-    MySQLDialect,
-    MySQLExecutionContext,
-    MySQLCompiler,
-    MySQLIdentifierPreparer,
-)
+import re
+
+from .base import MySQLCompiler
+from .base import MySQLDialect
+from .base import MySQLExecutionContext
+from .base import MySQLIdentifierPreparer
 from .base import TEXT
 from ... import sql
 from ... import util
-import re
 
 
 class MySQLExecutionContext_mysqldb(MySQLExecutionContext):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/oursql.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/oursql.py
index 8ba353a311..560135a404 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/oursql.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/oursql.py
@@ -22,10 +22,12 @@ handling.
 
 """
 
-import re
 
-from .base import BIT, MySQLDialect, MySQLExecutionContext
-from ... import types as sqltypes, util
+from .base import BIT
+from .base import MySQLDialect
+from .base import MySQLExecutionContext
+from ... import types as sqltypes
+from ... import util
 
 
 class _oursqlBIT(BIT):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/pymysql.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/pymysql.py
index 94dbfff063..2778a9b2f4 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/pymysql.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/pymysql.py
@@ -5,13 +5,12 @@
 # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 
-"""
+r"""
 
 .. dialect:: mysql+pymysql
     :name: PyMySQL
     :dbapi: pymysql
-    :connectstring: mysql+pymysql://<username>:<password>@<host>/<dbname>\
-[?<options>]
+    :connectstring: mysql+pymysql://<username>:<password>@<host>/<dbname>[?<options>]
     :url: https://pymysql.readthedocs.io/
 
 Unicode
@@ -27,10 +26,11 @@ The pymysql DBAPI is a pure Python port of the MySQL-python (MySQLdb) driver,
 and targets 100% compatibility.   Most behavioral notes for MySQL-python apply
 to the pymysql driver as well.
 
-"""
+"""  # noqa
 
 from .mysqldb import MySQLDialect_mysqldb
-from ...util import langhelpers, py3k
+from ...util import langhelpers
+from ...util import py3k
 
 
 class MySQLDialect_pymysql(MySQLDialect_mysqldb):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/pyodbc.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/pyodbc.py
index 91512857ee..736de5f048 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/pyodbc.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/pyodbc.py
@@ -22,11 +22,13 @@
 
 """
 
-from .base import MySQLDialect, MySQLExecutionContext
-from ...connectors.pyodbc import PyODBCConnector
-from ... import util
 import re
 
+from .base import MySQLDialect
+from .base import MySQLExecutionContext
+from ... import util
+from ...connectors.pyodbc import PyODBCConnector
+
 
 class MySQLExecutionContext_pyodbc(MySQLExecutionContext):
     def get_lastrowid(self):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/reflection.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/reflection.py
index d0513eb4d9..87438f460b 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/reflection.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/reflection.py
@@ -6,10 +6,15 @@
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 
 import re
-from ... import log, util
+
+from .enumerated import _EnumeratedValues
+from .enumerated import SET
+from .types import DATETIME
+from .types import TIME
+from .types import TIMESTAMP
+from ... import log
 from ... import types as sqltypes
-from .enumerated import _EnumeratedValues, SET
-from .types import DATETIME, TIME, TIMESTAMP
+from ... import util
 
 
 class ReflectedState(object):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/types.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/types.py
index ad97a9bbe1..a234ddf08b 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/types.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/types.py
@@ -6,8 +6,10 @@
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 
 import datetime
-from ... import exc, util
+
+from ... import exc
 from ... import types as sqltypes
+from ... import util
 
 
 class _NumericType(object):
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ class _StringType(sqltypes.String):
         self,
         charset=None,
         collation=None,
-        ascii=False,
+        ascii=False,  # noqa
         binary=False,
         unicode=False,
         national=False,
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/zxjdbc.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/zxjdbc.py
index d8ee437489..3a4cee7264 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/zxjdbc.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/zxjdbc.py
@@ -5,13 +5,12 @@
 # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 
-"""
+r"""
 
 .. dialect:: mysql+zxjdbc
     :name: zxjdbc for Jython
     :dbapi: zxjdbc
-    :connectstring: mysql+zxjdbc://<user>:<password>@<hostname>[:<port>]/\
-<database>
+    :connectstring: mysql+zxjdbc://<user>:<password>@<hostname>[:<port>]/<database>
     :driverurl: http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/connector/j/
 
     .. note:: Jython is not supported by current versions of SQLAlchemy.  The
@@ -26,12 +25,15 @@ MySQL Connector/J JDBC driver, by default SQLAlchemy sets its
 ``characterEncoding`` connection property to ``UTF-8``. It may be
 overridden via a ``create_engine`` URL parameter.
 
-"""
+"""  # noqa
 import re
 
-from ... import types as sqltypes, util
+from .base import BIT
+from .base import MySQLDialect
+from .base import MySQLExecutionContext
+from ... import types as sqltypes
+from ... import util
 from ...connectors.zxJDBC import ZxJDBCConnector
-from .base import BIT, MySQLDialect, MySQLExecutionContext
 
 
 class _ZxJDBCBit(BIT):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/oracle/__init__.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/oracle/__init__.py
index 1b9007fcc7..7622bdf195 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/oracle/__init__.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/oracle/__init__.py
@@ -5,30 +5,30 @@
 # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 
-from . import base, cx_oracle, zxjdbc  # noqa
+from . import base  # noqa
+from . import cx_oracle  # noqa
+from . import zxjdbc  # noqa
+from .base import BFILE
+from .base import BINARY_DOUBLE
+from .base import BINARY_FLOAT
+from .base import BLOB
+from .base import CHAR
+from .base import CLOB
+from .base import DATE
+from .base import DOUBLE_PRECISION
+from .base import FLOAT
+from .base import INTERVAL
+from .base import LONG
+from .base import NCLOB
+from .base import NUMBER
+from .base import NVARCHAR
+from .base import NVARCHAR2
+from .base import RAW
+from .base import ROWID
+from .base import TIMESTAMP
+from .base import VARCHAR
+from .base import VARCHAR2
 
-from .base import (
-    VARCHAR,
-    NVARCHAR,
-    CHAR,
-    DATE,
-    NUMBER,
-    BLOB,
-    BFILE,
-    BINARY_FLOAT,
-    BINARY_DOUBLE,
-    CLOB,
-    NCLOB,
-    TIMESTAMP,
-    RAW,
-    FLOAT,
-    DOUBLE_PRECISION,
-    LONG,
-    INTERVAL,
-    VARCHAR2,
-    NVARCHAR2,
-    ROWID,
-)
 
 base.dialect = dialect = cx_oracle.dialect
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/oracle/base.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/oracle/base.py
index 944fe21c36..b58d038cf3 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/oracle/base.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/oracle/base.py
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 
-"""
+r"""
 .. dialect:: oracle
     :name: Oracle
 
@@ -343,27 +343,31 @@ columns for non-unique indexes, all but the last column for unique indexes).
 
 .. versionadded:: 1.0.0
 
-"""
+"""  # noqa
 
+from itertools import groupby
 import re
 
-from sqlalchemy import util, sql
-from sqlalchemy.engine import default, reflection
-from sqlalchemy.sql import compiler, visitors, expression, util as sql_util
-from sqlalchemy.sql import operators as sql_operators
-from sqlalchemy.sql.elements import quoted_name
-from sqlalchemy import types as sqltypes, schema as sa_schema
-from sqlalchemy.types import (
-    VARCHAR,
-    NVARCHAR,
-    CHAR,
-    BLOB,
-    CLOB,
-    TIMESTAMP,
-    FLOAT,
-    INTEGER,
-)
-from itertools import groupby
+from ... import schema as sa_schema
+from ... import sql
+from ... import types as sqltypes
+from ... import util
+from ...engine import default
+from ...engine import reflection
+from ...sql import compiler
+from ...sql import expression
+from ...sql import util as sql_util
+from ...sql import visitors
+from ...sql.elements import quoted_name
+from ...types import BLOB
+from ...types import CHAR
+from ...types import CLOB
+from ...types import FLOAT
+from ...types import INTEGER
+from ...types import NVARCHAR
+from ...types import TIMESTAMP
+from ...types import VARCHAR
+
 
 RESERVED_WORDS = set(
     "SHARE RAW DROP BETWEEN FROM DESC OPTION PRIOR LONG THEN "
@@ -1200,9 +1204,9 @@ class OracleDialect(default.DefaultDialect):
         if util.py2k:
             if isinstance(name, str):
                 name = name.decode(self.encoding)
-        if name.upper() == name and not self.identifier_preparer._requires_quotes(
-            name.lower()
-        ):
+        if name.upper() == name and not (
+            self.identifier_preparer._requires_quotes
+        )(name.lower()):
             return name.lower()
         elif name.lower() == name:
             return quoted_name(name, quote=True)
@@ -1212,15 +1216,15 @@ class OracleDialect(default.DefaultDialect):
     def denormalize_name(self, name):
         if name is None:
             return None
-        elif name.lower() == name and not self.identifier_preparer._requires_quotes(
-            name.lower()
-        ):
+        elif name.lower() == name and not (
+            self.identifier_preparer._requires_quotes
+        )(name.lower()):
             name = name.upper()
         if util.py2k:
             if not self.supports_unicode_binds:
                 name = name.encode(self.encoding)
             else:
-                name = unicode(name)
+                name = unicode(name)  # noqa
         return name
 
     def _get_default_schema_name(self, connection):
@@ -1827,7 +1831,12 @@ class OracleDialect(default.DefaultDialect):
 
                 if not rec["referred_table"]:
                     if resolve_synonyms:
-                        ref_remote_name, ref_remote_owner, ref_dblink, ref_synonym = self._resolve_synonym(
+                        (
+                            ref_remote_name,
+                            ref_remote_owner,
+                            ref_dblink,
+                            ref_synonym,
+                        ) = self._resolve_synonym(
                             connection,
                             desired_owner=self.denormalize_name(remote_owner),
                             desired_table=self.denormalize_name(remote_table),
@@ -1882,14 +1891,10 @@ class OracleDialect(default.DefaultDialect):
         unique_keys = filter(lambda x: x[1] == "U", constraint_data)
         uniques_group = groupby(unique_keys, lambda x: x[0])
 
-        index_names = set(
-            [
-                ix["name"]
-                for ix in self.get_indexes(
-                    connection, table_name, schema=schema
-                )
-            ]
-        )
+        index_names = {
+            ix["name"]
+            for ix in self.get_indexes(connection, table_name, schema=schema)
+        }
         return [
             {
                 "name": name,
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/oracle/cx_oracle.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/oracle/cx_oracle.py
index 91534c0da2..ba52176a05 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/oracle/cx_oracle.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/oracle/cx_oracle.py
@@ -4,13 +4,11 @@
 # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 
-"""
-
+r"""
 .. dialect:: oracle+cx_oracle
     :name: cx-Oracle
     :dbapi: cx_oracle
-    :connectstring: oracle+cx_oracle://user:pass@host:port/dbname\
-[?key=value&key=value...]
+    :connectstring: oracle+cx_oracle://user:pass@host:port/dbname[?key=value&key=value...]
     :url: http://cx-oracle.sourceforge.net/
 
 Additional Connect Arguments
@@ -51,7 +49,8 @@ Alternatively, most cx_Oracle DBAPI arguments can also be encoded as strings
 within the URL, which includes parameters such as ``mode``, ``purity``,
 ``events``, ``threaded``, and others::
 
-    e = create_engine("oracle+cx_oracle://user:pass@dsn?mode=SYSDBA&events=true")
+    e = create_engine(
+        "oracle+cx_oracle://user:pass@dsn?mode=SYSDBA&events=true")
 
 .. versionchanged:: 1.3 the cx_oracle dialect now accepts all argument names
    within the URL string itself, to be passed to the cx_Oracle DBAPI.   As
@@ -63,7 +62,8 @@ There are also options that are consumed by the SQLAlchemy cx_oracle dialect
 itself.  These options are always passed directly to :func:`.create_engine`,
 such as::
 
-    e = create_engine("oracle+cx_oracle://user:pass@dsn", coerce_to_unicode=False)
+    e = create_engine(
+        "oracle+cx_oracle://user:pass@dsn", coerce_to_unicode=False)
 
 The parameters accepted by the cx_oracle dialect are as follows:
 
@@ -126,8 +126,8 @@ VARCHAR2, CHAR, and CLOB, the flag ``coerce_to_unicode=False`` can be passed to
 
 .. _cx_oracle_setinputsizes:
 
-Fine grained control over cx_Oracle data binding and performance with setinputsizes
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+Fine grained control over cx_Oracle data binding performance with setinputsizes
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 The cx_Oracle DBAPI has a deep and fundamental reliance upon the usage of the
 DBAPI ``setinputsizes()`` call.   The purpose of this call is to establish the
@@ -140,13 +140,14 @@ settings can cause profoundly different performance characteristics, while
 altering the type coercion behavior at the same time.
 
 Users of the cx_Oracle dialect are **strongly encouraged** to read through
-cx_Oracle's list of built-in datatype symbols at http://cx-oracle.readthedocs.io/en/latest/module.html#types.
-Note that in some cases, signficant performance degradation can occur when using
-these types vs. not, in particular when specifying ``cx_Oracle.CLOB``.
-
-On the SQLAlchemy side, the :meth:`.DialectEvents.do_setinputsizes` event
-can be used both for runtime visibliity (e.g. logging) of the setinputsizes
-step as well as to fully control how ``setinputsizes()`` is used on a per-statement
+cx_Oracle's list of built-in datatype symbols at
+http://cx-oracle.readthedocs.io/en/latest/module.html#types.
+Note that in some cases, signficant performance degradation can occur when
+using these types vs. not, in particular when specifying ``cx_Oracle.CLOB``.
+
+On the SQLAlchemy side, the :meth:`.DialectEvents.do_setinputsizes` event can
+be used both for runtime visibliity (e.g. logging) of the setinputsizes step as
+well as to fully control how ``setinputsizes()`` is used on a per-statement
 basis.
 
 .. versionadded:: 1.2.9 Added :meth:`.DialectEvents.setinputsizes`
@@ -155,8 +156,8 @@ basis.
 Example 1 - logging all setinputsizes calls
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
-The following example illustrates how to log the intermediary values from
-a SQLAlchemy perspective before they are converted to the raw ``setinputsizes()``
+The following example illustrates how to log the intermediary values from a
+SQLAlchemy perspective before they are converted to the raw ``setinputsizes()``
 parameter dictionary.  The keys of the dictionary are :class:`.BindParameter`
 objects which have a ``.key`` and a ``.type`` attribute::
 
@@ -273,24 +274,31 @@ SQLAlchemy type (or a subclass of such).
    reworked to take advantage of newer cx_Oracle features as well
    as better integration of outputtypehandlers.
 
-"""
+"""  # noqa
 
 from __future__ import absolute_import
 
-from .base import OracleCompiler, OracleDialect, OracleExecutionContext
-from . import base as oracle
-from ...engine import result as _result
-from sqlalchemy import types as sqltypes, util, exc, processors
-from ...util import compat
-import random
 import collections
 import decimal
+import random
 import re
 
+from . import base as oracle
+from .base import OracleCompiler
+from .base import OracleDialect
+from .base import OracleExecutionContext
+from ... import exc
+from ... import processors
+from ... import types as sqltypes
+from ... import util
+from ...engine import result as _result
+from ...util import compat
+
 
 class _OracleInteger(sqltypes.Integer):
     def get_dbapi_type(self, dbapi):
-        # see https://github.com/oracle/python-cx_Oracle/issues/208#issuecomment-409715955
+        # see https://github.com/oracle/python-cx_Oracle/issues/
+        # 208#issuecomment-409715955
         return int
 
     def _cx_oracle_var(self, dialect, cursor):
@@ -642,8 +650,8 @@ class OracleExecutionContext_cx_oracle(OracleExecutionContext):
 
                 for bind, name in self.compiled.bind_names.items():
                     if name in self.out_parameters:
-                        type = bind.type
-                        impl_type = type.dialect_impl(self.dialect)
+                        type_ = bind.type
+                        impl_type = type_.dialect_impl(self.dialect)
                         dbapi_type = impl_type.get_dbapi_type(
                             self.dialect.dbapi
                         )
@@ -1073,8 +1081,8 @@ class OracleDialect_cx_oracle(OracleDialect):
 
         """
 
-        id = random.randint(0, 2 ** 128)
-        return (0x1234, "%032x" % id, "%032x" % 9)
+        id_ = random.randint(0, 2 ** 128)
+        return (0x1234, "%032x" % id_, "%032x" % 9)
 
     def do_executemany(self, cursor, statement, parameters, context=None):
         if isinstance(parameters, tuple):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/oracle/zxjdbc.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/oracle/zxjdbc.py
index 0a365f8b02..bcd892aa77 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/oracle/zxjdbc.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/oracle/zxjdbc.py
@@ -15,20 +15,21 @@
     .. note:: Jython is not supported by current versions of SQLAlchemy.  The
        zxjdbc dialect should be considered as experimental.
 
-"""
+"""  # noqa
+import collections
 import decimal
 import re
 
-from sqlalchemy import sql, types as sqltypes, util
-from sqlalchemy.connectors.zxJDBC import ZxJDBCConnector
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.oracle.base import (
-    OracleCompiler,
-    OracleDialect,
-    OracleExecutionContext,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.engine import result as _result
-from sqlalchemy.sql import expression
-import collections
+from .base import OracleCompiler
+from .base import OracleDialect
+from .base import OracleExecutionContext
+from ... import sql
+from ... import types as sqltypes
+from ... import util
+from ...connectors.zxJDBC import ZxJDBCConnector
+from ...engine import result as _result
+from ...sql import expression
+
 
 SQLException = zxJDBC = None
 
@@ -173,8 +174,8 @@ class ReturningParam(object):
     Specially handled by OracleReturningDataHandler.
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, type):
-        self.type = type
+    def __init__(self, type_):
+        self.type = type_
 
     def __eq__(self, other):
         if isinstance(other, ReturningParam):
@@ -218,16 +219,16 @@ class OracleDialect_zxjdbc(ZxJDBCConnector, OracleDialect):
         class OracleReturningDataHandler(OracleDataHandler):
             """zxJDBC DataHandler that specially handles ReturningParam."""
 
-            def setJDBCObject(self, statement, index, object, dbtype=None):
-                if type(object) is ReturningParam:
-                    statement.registerReturnParameter(index, object.type)
+            def setJDBCObject(self, statement, index, object_, dbtype=None):
+                if type(object_) is ReturningParam:
+                    statement.registerReturnParameter(index, object_.type)
                 elif dbtype is None:
                     OracleDataHandler.setJDBCObject(
-                        self, statement, index, object
+                        self, statement, index, object_
                     )
                 else:
                     OracleDataHandler.setJDBCObject(
-                        self, statement, index, object, dbtype
+                        self, statement, index, object_, dbtype
                     )
 
         self.DataHandler = OracleReturningDataHandler
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/__init__.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/__init__.py
index 9e65484fa1..a269770d1c 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/__init__.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/__init__.py
@@ -5,60 +5,61 @@
 # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 
-from . import (
-    base,
-    psycopg2,
-    pg8000,
-    pypostgresql,
-    pygresql,
-    zxjdbc,
-    psycopg2cffi,
-)  # noqa
+from . import base
+from . import pg8000  # noqa
+from . import psycopg2  # noqa
+from . import psycopg2cffi  # noqa
+from . import pygresql  # noqa
+from . import pypostgresql  # noqa
+from . import zxjdbc  # noqa
+from .array import All
+from .array import Any
+from .array import ARRAY
+from .array import array
+from .base import BIGINT
+from .base import BIT
+from .base import BOOLEAN
+from .base import BYTEA
+from .base import CHAR
+from .base import CIDR
+from .base import CreateEnumType
+from .base import DATE
+from .base import DOUBLE_PRECISION
+from .base import DropEnumType
+from .base import ENUM
+from .base import FLOAT
+from .base import INET
+from .base import INTEGER
+from .base import INTERVAL
+from .base import MACADDR
+from .base import MONEY
+from .base import NUMERIC
+from .base import OID
+from .base import REAL
+from .base import REGCLASS
+from .base import SMALLINT
+from .base import TEXT
+from .base import TIME
+from .base import TIMESTAMP
+from .base import TSVECTOR
+from .base import UUID
+from .base import VARCHAR
+from .dml import Insert
+from .dml import insert
+from .ext import aggregate_order_by
+from .ext import array_agg
+from .ext import ExcludeConstraint
+from .hstore import HSTORE
+from .hstore import hstore
+from .json import JSON
+from .json import JSONB
+from .ranges import DATERANGE
+from .ranges import INT4RANGE
+from .ranges import INT8RANGE
+from .ranges import NUMRANGE
+from .ranges import TSRANGE
+from .ranges import TSTZRANGE
 
-from .base import (
-    INTEGER,
-    BIGINT,
-    SMALLINT,
-    VARCHAR,
-    CHAR,
-    TEXT,
-    NUMERIC,
-    FLOAT,
-    REAL,
-    INET,
-    CIDR,
-    UUID,
-    BIT,
-    MACADDR,
-    MONEY,
-    OID,
-    REGCLASS,
-    DOUBLE_PRECISION,
-    TIMESTAMP,
-    TIME,
-    DATE,
-    BYTEA,
-    BOOLEAN,
-    INTERVAL,
-    ENUM,
-    TSVECTOR,
-    DropEnumType,
-    CreateEnumType,
-)
-from .hstore import HSTORE, hstore
-from .json import JSON, JSONB
-from .array import array, ARRAY, Any, All
-from .ext import aggregate_order_by, ExcludeConstraint, array_agg
-from .dml import insert, Insert
-
-from .ranges import (
-    INT4RANGE,
-    INT8RANGE,
-    NUMRANGE,
-    DATERANGE,
-    TSRANGE,
-    TSTZRANGE,
-)
 
 base.dialect = dialect = psycopg2.dialect
 
@@ -98,6 +99,7 @@ __all__ = (
     "INT8RANGE",
     "NUMRANGE",
     "DATERANGE",
+    "TSVECTOR",
     "TSRANGE",
     "TSTZRANGE",
     "JSON",
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/array.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/array.py
index 07167f9d0f..af1469880f 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/array.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/array.py
@@ -5,13 +5,15 @@
 # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 
-from .base import ischema_names, colspecs
-from ...sql import expression, operators
-from ...sql.base import SchemaEventTarget
+from .base import colspecs
+from .base import ischema_names
 from ... import types as sqltypes
+from ...sql import expression
+from ...sql import operators
+
 
 try:
-    from uuid import UUID as _python_UUID
+    from uuid import UUID as _python_UUID  # noqa
 except ImportError:
     _python_UUID = None
 
@@ -142,13 +144,14 @@ class ARRAY(sqltypes.ARRAY):
             )
 
     The :class:`.postgresql.ARRAY` type provides all operations defined on the
-    core :class:`.types.ARRAY` type, including support for "dimensions", indexed
-    access, and simple matching such as :meth:`.types.ARRAY.Comparator.any`
-    and :meth:`.types.ARRAY.Comparator.all`.  :class:`.postgresql.ARRAY` class also
+    core :class:`.types.ARRAY` type, including support for "dimensions",
+    indexed access, and simple matching such as
+    :meth:`.types.ARRAY.Comparator.any` and
+    :meth:`.types.ARRAY.Comparator.all`.  :class:`.postgresql.ARRAY` class also
     provides PostgreSQL-specific methods for containment operations, including
     :meth:`.postgresql.ARRAY.Comparator.contains`
-    :meth:`.postgresql.ARRAY.Comparator.contained_by`,
-    and :meth:`.postgresql.ARRAY.Comparator.overlap`, e.g.::
+    :meth:`.postgresql.ARRAY.Comparator.contained_by`, and
+    :meth:`.postgresql.ARRAY.Comparator.overlap`, e.g.::
 
         mytable.c.data.contains([1, 2])
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/base.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/base.py
index 11833da573..e77b2880f0 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/base.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/base.py
@@ -290,13 +290,13 @@ use the :meth:`._UpdateBase.returning` method on a per-statement basis::
 INSERT...ON CONFLICT (Upsert)
 ------------------------------
 
-Starting with version 9.5, PostgreSQL allows "upserts" (update or insert)
-of rows into a table via the ``ON CONFLICT`` clause of the ``INSERT`` statement.
-A candidate row will only be inserted if that row does not violate
-any unique constraints.  In the case of a unique constraint violation,
-a secondary action can occur which can be either "DO UPDATE", indicating
-that the data in the target row should be updated, or "DO NOTHING",
-which indicates to silently skip this row.
+Starting with version 9.5, PostgreSQL allows "upserts" (update or insert) of
+rows into a table via the ``ON CONFLICT`` clause of the ``INSERT`` statement. A
+candidate row will only be inserted if that row does not violate any unique
+constraints.  In the case of a unique constraint violation, a secondary action
+can occur which can be either "DO UPDATE", indicating that the data in the
+target row should be updated, or "DO NOTHING", which indicates to silently skip
+this row.
 
 Conflicts are determined using existing unique constraints and indexes.  These
 constraints may be identified either using their name as stated in DDL,
@@ -331,8 +331,9 @@ Both methods supply the "target" of the conflict using either the
 named constraint or by column inference:
 
 * The :paramref:`.Insert.on_conflict_do_update.index_elements` argument
-  specifies a sequence containing string column names, :class:`.Column` objects,
-  and/or SQL expression elements, which would identify a unique index::
+  specifies a sequence containing string column names, :class:`.Column`
+  objects, and/or SQL expression elements, which would identify a unique
+  index::
 
     do_update_stmt = insert_stmt.on_conflict_do_update(
         index_elements=['id'],
@@ -915,34 +916,37 @@ E.g.::
 
 """
 from collections import defaultdict
-import re
 import datetime as dt
+import re
 
-
-from sqlalchemy.sql import elements
-from ... import sql, schema, exc, util
-from ...engine import default, reflection
-from ...sql import compiler, expression
+from ... import exc
+from ... import schema
+from ... import sql
+from ... import util
+from ...engine import default
+from ...engine import reflection
+from ...sql import compiler
+from ...sql import elements
+from ...sql import expression
 from ...sql import sqltypes
+from ...types import BIGINT
+from ...types import BOOLEAN
+from ...types import CHAR
+from ...types import DATE
+from ...types import FLOAT
+from ...types import INTEGER
+from ...types import NUMERIC
+from ...types import REAL
+from ...types import SMALLINT
+from ...types import TEXT
+from ...types import VARCHAR
+
 
 try:
-    from uuid import UUID as _python_UUID
+    from uuid import UUID as _python_UUID  # noqa
 except ImportError:
     _python_UUID = None
 
-from sqlalchemy.types import (
-    INTEGER,
-    BIGINT,
-    SMALLINT,
-    VARCHAR,
-    CHAR,
-    TEXT,
-    FLOAT,
-    NUMERIC,
-    DATE,
-    BOOLEAN,
-    REAL,
-)
 
 AUTOCOMMIT_REGEXP = re.compile(
     r"\s*(?:UPDATE|INSERT|CREATE|DELETE|DROP|ALTER|GRANT|REVOKE|"
@@ -2022,7 +2026,7 @@ class PGDDLCompiler(compiler.DDLCompiler):
 
 
 class PGTypeCompiler(compiler.GenericTypeCompiler):
-    def visit_TSVECTOR(self, type, **kw):
+    def visit_TSVECTOR(self, type_, **kw):
         return "TSVECTOR"
 
     def visit_INET(self, type_, **kw):
@@ -3087,9 +3091,21 @@ class PGDialect(default.DefaultDialect):
         for conname, condef, conschema in c.fetchall():
             m = re.search(FK_REGEX, condef).groups()
 
-            constrained_columns, referred_schema, referred_table, referred_columns, _, match, _, onupdate, _, ondelete, deferrable, _, initially = (
-                m
-            )
+            (
+                constrained_columns,
+                referred_schema,
+                referred_table,
+                referred_columns,
+                _,
+                match,
+                _,
+                onupdate,
+                _,
+                ondelete,
+                deferrable,
+                _,
+                initially,
+            ) = m
 
             if deferrable is not None:
                 deferrable = True if deferrable == "DEFERRABLE" else False
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/dml.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/dml.py
index 825f132387..9698e36ba6 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/dml.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/dml.py
@@ -5,14 +5,15 @@
 # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 
-from ...sql.elements import ClauseElement, _literal_as_binds
+from . import ext
+from ... import util
+from ...sql import schema
+from ...sql.base import _generative
 from ...sql.dml import Insert as StandardInsert
+from ...sql.elements import ClauseElement
 from ...sql.expression import alias
-from ...sql import schema
 from ...util.langhelpers import public_factory
-from ...sql.base import _generative
-from ... import util
-from . import ext
+
 
 __all__ = ("Insert", "insert")
 
@@ -51,7 +52,7 @@ class Insert(StandardInsert):
         set_=None,
         where=None,
     ):
-        """
+        r"""
         Specifies a DO UPDATE SET action for ON CONFLICT clause.
 
         Either the ``constraint`` or ``index_elements`` argument is
@@ -70,7 +71,7 @@ class Insert(StandardInsert):
          Additional WHERE criterion that can be used to infer a
          conditional target index.
 
-        :param set_:
+        :param set\_:
          Required argument. A dictionary or other mapping object
          with column names as keys and expressions or literals as values,
          specifying the ``SET`` actions to take.
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/ext.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/ext.py
index da0c6250c4..7f97d6e32d 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/ext.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/ext.py
@@ -5,11 +5,11 @@
 # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 
-from ...sql import expression
+from .array import ARRAY
 from ...sql import elements
+from ...sql import expression
 from ...sql import functions
 from ...sql.schema import ColumnCollectionConstraint
-from .array import ARRAY
 
 
 class aggregate_order_by(expression.ColumnElement):
@@ -83,9 +83,9 @@ class ExcludeConstraint(ColumnCollectionConstraint):
     Defines an EXCLUDE constraint as described in the `postgres
     documentation`__.
 
-    __ http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/\
-static/sql-createtable.html#SQL-CREATETABLE-EXCLUDE
-    """
+    __ http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/sql-createtable.html#SQL-CREATETABLE-EXCLUDE
+
+    """  # noqa
 
     __visit_name__ = "exclude_constraint"
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/hstore.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/hstore.py
index e4bac692a3..b1511acd44 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/hstore.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/hstore.py
@@ -7,12 +7,13 @@
 
 import re
 
-from .base import ischema_names
 from .array import ARRAY
+from .base import ischema_names
 from ... import types as sqltypes
+from ... import util
 from ...sql import functions as sqlfunc
 from ...sql import operators
-from ... import util
+
 
 __all__ = ("HSTORE", "hstore")
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/json.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/json.py
index f9421de37c..1ac040abc0 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/json.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/json.py
@@ -6,11 +6,12 @@
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 from __future__ import absolute_import
 
-from .base import ischema_names, colspecs
+from .base import colspecs
+from .base import ischema_names
 from ... import types as sqltypes
-from ...sql import operators
-from ...sql import elements
 from ... import util
+from ...sql import operators
+
 
 __all__ = ("JSON", "JSONB")
 
@@ -133,8 +134,7 @@ class JSON(sqltypes.JSON):
 
     * Path index operations returning text (the ``#>>`` operator)::
 
-        data_table.c.data[('key_1', 'key_2', 5, ..., 'key_n')].astext == \
-'some value'
+        data_table.c.data[('key_1', 'key_2', 5, ..., 'key_n')].astext == 'some value'
 
     .. versionchanged:: 1.1  The :meth:`.ColumnElement.cast` operator on
        JSON objects now requires that the :attr:`.JSON.Comparator.astext`
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ class JSON(sqltypes.JSON):
 
         :class:`.JSONB`
 
-    """
+    """  # noqa
 
     astext_type = sqltypes.Text()
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/pg8000.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/pg8000.py
index fef09e0ebb..1eb24668b5 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/pg8000.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/pg8000.py
@@ -4,13 +4,11 @@
 #
 # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
-
-"""
+r"""
 .. dialect:: postgresql+pg8000
     :name: pg8000
     :dbapi: pg8000
-    :connectstring: \
-postgresql+pg8000://user:password@host:port/dbname[?key=value&key=value...]
+    :connectstring: postgresql+pg8000://user:password@host:port/dbname[?key=value&key=value...]
     :url: https://pythonhosted.org/pg8000/
 
 
@@ -63,27 +61,28 @@ of the :ref:`psycopg2 <psycopg2_isolation_level>` dialect:
     :ref:`psycopg2_isolation_level`
 
 
-"""
-from ... import util, exc
+"""  # noqa
 import decimal
+import re
+
+from .base import _DECIMAL_TYPES
+from .base import _FLOAT_TYPES
+from .base import _INT_TYPES
+from .base import PGCompiler
+from .base import PGDialect
+from .base import PGExecutionContext
+from .base import PGIdentifierPreparer
+from .base import UUID
+from .json import JSON
+from ... import exc
 from ... import processors
 from ... import types as sqltypes
-from .base import (
-    PGDialect,
-    PGCompiler,
-    PGIdentifierPreparer,
-    PGExecutionContext,
-    _DECIMAL_TYPES,
-    _FLOAT_TYPES,
-    _INT_TYPES,
-    UUID,
-)
-import re
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql.json import JSON
+from ... import util
 from ...sql.elements import quoted_name
 
+
 try:
-    from uuid import UUID as _python_UUID
+    from uuid import UUID as _python_UUID  # noqa
 except ImportError:
     _python_UUID = None
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/psycopg2.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/psycopg2.py
index 2c27c69193..30203d2048 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/psycopg2.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/psycopg2.py
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 #
 # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
-
 r"""
 .. dialect:: postgresql+psycopg2
     :name: psycopg2
@@ -77,12 +76,12 @@ in ``/tmp``, or whatever socket directory was specified when PostgreSQL
 was built.  This value can be overridden by passing a pathname to psycopg2,
 using ``host`` as an additional keyword argument::
 
-    create_engine("postgresql+psycopg2://user:password@/dbname?\
-host=/var/lib/postgresql")
+    create_engine("postgresql+psycopg2://user:password@/dbname?host=/var/lib/postgresql")
 
 .. seealso::
 
-    `PQconnectdbParams <http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.1/static/libpq-connect.html#LIBPQ-PQCONNECTDBPARAMS>`_
+    `PQconnectdbParams \
+    <http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.1/static/libpq-connect.html#LIBPQ-PQCONNECTDBPARAMS>`_
 
 .. _psycopg2_execution_options:
 
@@ -93,13 +92,13 @@ The following DBAPI-specific options are respected when used with
 :meth:`.Connection.execution_options`, :meth:`.Executable.execution_options`,
 :meth:`.Query.execution_options`, in addition to those not specific to DBAPIs:
 
-* ``isolation_level`` - Set the transaction isolation level for the lifespan of a
-  :class:`.Connection` (can only be set on a connection, not a statement
+* ``isolation_level`` - Set the transaction isolation level for the lifespan
+  of a :class:`.Connection` (can only be set on a connection, not a statement
   or query).   See :ref:`psycopg2_isolation_level`.
 
-* ``stream_results`` - Enable or disable usage of psycopg2 server side cursors -
-  this feature makes use of "named" cursors in combination with special
-  result handling methods so that result rows are not fully buffered.
+* ``stream_results`` - Enable or disable usage of psycopg2 server side
+  cursors - this feature makes use of "named" cursors in combination with
+  special result handling methods so that result rows are not fully buffered.
   If ``None`` or not set, the ``server_side_cursors`` option of the
   :class:`.Engine` is used.
 
@@ -116,7 +115,8 @@ Psycopg2 Batch Mode (Fast Execution)
 ------------------------------------
 
 Modern versions of psycopg2 include a feature known as
-`Fast Execution Helpers <http://initd.org/psycopg/docs/extras.html#fast-execution-helpers>`_,
+`Fast Execution Helpers \
+<http://initd.org/psycopg/docs/extras.html#fast-execution-helpers>`_,
 which have been shown in benchmarking to improve psycopg2's executemany()
 performance with INSERTS by multiple orders of magnitude.   SQLAlchemy
 allows this extension to be used for all ``executemany()`` style calls
@@ -176,10 +176,9 @@ now supported by libpq directly.   This is enabled when ``client_encoding``
 is passed directly to ``psycopg2.connect()``, and from SQLAlchemy is passed
 using the :paramref:`.create_engine.connect_args` parameter::
 
-    # libpq direct parameter setting;
-    # only works for PostgreSQL **9.1 and above**
-    engine = create_engine("postgresql://user:pass@host/dbname",
-                           connect_args={'client_encoding': 'utf8'})
+    engine = create_engine(
+        "postgresql://user:pass@host/dbname",
+        connect_args={'client_encoding': 'utf8'})
 
     # using the query string is equivalent
     engine = create_engine("postgresql://user:pass@host/dbname?client_encoding=utf8")
@@ -294,8 +293,8 @@ The psycopg2 dialect supports these constants for isolation level:
 NOTICE logging
 ---------------
 
-The psycopg2 dialect will log PostgreSQL NOTICE messages via the
-``sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql`` logger::
+The psycopg2 dialect will log PostgreSQL NOTICE messages
+via the ``sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql`` logger::
 
     import logging
     logging.getLogger('sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql').setLevel(logging.INFO)
@@ -341,34 +340,34 @@ string format, on both the parameter side and the result side, will take
 place within SQLAlchemy's own marshalling logic, and not that of ``psycopg2``
 which may be more performant.
 
-"""
+"""  # noqa
 from __future__ import absolute_import
 
-import re
+import decimal
 import logging
+import re
 
-from ... import util, exc
-import decimal
+from .base import _DECIMAL_TYPES
+from .base import _FLOAT_TYPES
+from .base import _INT_TYPES
+from .base import ENUM
+from .base import PGCompiler
+from .base import PGDialect
+from .base import PGExecutionContext
+from .base import PGIdentifierPreparer
+from .base import UUID
+from .hstore import HSTORE
+from .json import JSON
+from .json import JSONB
+from ... import exc
 from ... import processors
-from ...engine import result as _result
-from ...sql import expression
 from ... import types as sqltypes
-from .base import (
-    PGDialect,
-    PGCompiler,
-    PGIdentifierPreparer,
-    PGExecutionContext,
-    ENUM,
-    _DECIMAL_TYPES,
-    _FLOAT_TYPES,
-    _INT_TYPES,
-    UUID,
-)
-from .hstore import HSTORE
-from .json import JSON, JSONB
+from ... import util
+from ...engine import result as _result
+
 
 try:
-    from uuid import UUID as _python_UUID
+    from uuid import UUID as _python_UUID  # noqa
 except ImportError:
     _python_UUID = None
 
@@ -448,7 +447,6 @@ class _PGJSONB(JSONB):
 class _PGUUID(UUID):
     def bind_processor(self, dialect):
         if not self.as_uuid and dialect.use_native_uuid:
-            nonetype = type(None)
 
             def process(value):
                 if value is not None:
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/psycopg2cffi.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/psycopg2cffi.py
index 7343bc9735..c31527a44e 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/psycopg2cffi.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/psycopg2cffi.py
@@ -4,13 +4,11 @@
 #
 # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
-"""
+r"""
 .. dialect:: postgresql+psycopg2cffi
     :name: psycopg2cffi
     :dbapi: psycopg2cffi
-    :connectstring: \
-postgresql+psycopg2cffi://user:password@host:port/dbname\
-[?key=value&key=value...]
+    :connectstring: postgresql+psycopg2cffi://user:password@host:port/dbname[?key=value&key=value...]
     :url: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/psycopg2cffi/
 
 ``psycopg2cffi`` is an adaptation of ``psycopg2``, using CFFI for the C
@@ -23,7 +21,7 @@ is as per ``psycopg2``.
 
     :mod:`sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql.psycopg2`
 
-"""
+"""  # noqa
 from .psycopg2 import PGDialect_psycopg2
 
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/pygresql.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/pygresql.py
index c7edb8fc3d..13a3118b5a 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/pygresql.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/pygresql.py
@@ -4,33 +4,33 @@
 #
 # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
-
 """
 .. dialect:: postgresql+pygresql
     :name: pygresql
     :dbapi: pgdb
-    :connectstring: postgresql+pygresql://user:password@host:port/dbname\
-[?key=value&key=value...]
+    :connectstring: postgresql+pygresql://user:password@host:port/dbname[?key=value&key=value...]
     :url: http://www.pygresql.org/
-"""
+"""  # noqa
 
 import decimal
 import re
 
-from ... import exc, processors, util
-from ...types import Numeric, JSON as Json
-from ...sql.elements import Null
-from .base import (
-    PGDialect,
-    PGCompiler,
-    PGIdentifierPreparer,
-    _DECIMAL_TYPES,
-    _FLOAT_TYPES,
-    _INT_TYPES,
-    UUID,
-)
+from .base import _DECIMAL_TYPES
+from .base import _FLOAT_TYPES
+from .base import _INT_TYPES
+from .base import PGCompiler
+from .base import PGDialect
+from .base import PGIdentifierPreparer
+from .base import UUID
 from .hstore import HSTORE
-from .json import JSON, JSONB
+from .json import JSON
+from .json import JSONB
+from ... import exc
+from ... import processors
+from ... import util
+from ...sql.elements import Null
+from ...types import JSON as Json
+from ...types import Numeric
 
 
 class _PGNumeric(Numeric):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/pypostgresql.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/pypostgresql.py
index 93bf653a45..398ac290d5 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/pypostgresql.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/pypostgresql.py
@@ -4,21 +4,21 @@
 #
 # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
-
 """
 .. dialect:: postgresql+pypostgresql
     :name: py-postgresql
     :dbapi: pypostgresql
-    :connectstring: postgresql+pypostgresql://user:password@host:port/dbname\
-[?key=value&key=value...]
+    :connectstring: postgresql+pypostgresql://user:password@host:port/dbname[?key=value&key=value...]
     :url: http://python.projects.pgfoundry.org/
 
 
-"""
-from ... import util
-from ... import types as sqltypes
-from .base import PGDialect, PGExecutionContext
+"""  # noqa
+
+from .base import PGDialect
+from .base import PGExecutionContext
 from ... import processors
+from ... import types as sqltypes
+from ... import util
 
 
 class PGNumeric(sqltypes.Numeric):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/ranges.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/ranges.py
index 62d1275a60..9558f7c486 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/ranges.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/ranges.py
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 from .base import ischema_names
 from ... import types as sqltypes
 
+
 __all__ = ("INT4RANGE", "INT8RANGE", "NUMRANGE")
 
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/zxjdbc.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/zxjdbc.py
index 4d984443ae..ab77e5bc8c 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/zxjdbc.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/zxjdbc.py
@@ -14,8 +14,9 @@
 
 
 """
+from .base import PGDialect
+from .base import PGExecutionContext
 from ...connectors.zxJDBC import ZxJDBCConnector
-from .base import PGDialect, PGExecutionContext
 
 
 class PGExecutionContext_zxjdbc(PGExecutionContext):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/sqlite/__init__.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/sqlite/__init__.py
index 41f0175975..fa70717d12 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/sqlite/__init__.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/sqlite/__init__.py
@@ -5,26 +5,26 @@
 # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 
-from . import base, pysqlite, pysqlcipher  # noqa
+from . import base  # noqa
+from . import pysqlcipher  # noqa
+from . import pysqlite  # noqa
+from .base import BLOB
+from .base import BOOLEAN
+from .base import CHAR
+from .base import DATE
+from .base import DATETIME
+from .base import DECIMAL
+from .base import FLOAT
+from .base import INTEGER
+from .base import JSON
+from .base import NUMERIC
+from .base import REAL
+from .base import SMALLINT
+from .base import TEXT
+from .base import TIME
+from .base import TIMESTAMP
+from .base import VARCHAR
 
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.sqlite.base import (
-    BLOB,
-    BOOLEAN,
-    CHAR,
-    DATE,
-    DATETIME,
-    DECIMAL,
-    FLOAT,
-    INTEGER,
-    JSON,
-    REAL,
-    NUMERIC,
-    SMALLINT,
-    TEXT,
-    TIME,
-    TIMESTAMP,
-    VARCHAR,
-)
 
 # default dialect
 base.dialect = dialect = pysqlite.dialect
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/sqlite/base.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/sqlite/base.py
index cb9389af18..1eea2b6c65 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/sqlite/base.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/sqlite/base.py
@@ -36,7 +36,8 @@ so that the column continues to have textual affinity.
 
 .. seealso::
 
-    `Type Affinity <http://www.sqlite.org/datatype3.html#affinity>`_ - in the SQLite documentation
+    `Type Affinity <http://www.sqlite.org/datatype3.html#affinity>`_ -
+    in the SQLite documentation
 
 .. _sqlite_autoincrement:
 
@@ -71,18 +72,16 @@ construct::
 Allowing autoincrement behavior SQLAlchemy types other than Integer/INTEGER
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
-SQLite's typing model is based on naming conventions.  Among
-other things, this means that any type name which contains the
-substring ``"INT"`` will be determined to be of "integer affinity".  A
-type named ``"BIGINT"``, ``"SPECIAL_INT"`` or even ``"XYZINTQPR"``, will be considered by
-SQLite to be of "integer" affinity.  However, **the SQLite
-autoincrement feature, whether implicitly or explicitly enabled,
-requires that the name of the column's type
-is exactly the string "INTEGER"**.  Therefore, if an
-application uses a type like :class:`.BigInteger` for a primary key, on
-SQLite this type will need to be rendered as the name ``"INTEGER"`` when
-emitting the initial ``CREATE TABLE`` statement in order for the autoincrement
-behavior to be available.
+SQLite's typing model is based on naming conventions.  Among other things, this
+means that any type name which contains the substring ``"INT"`` will be
+determined to be of "integer affinity".  A type named ``"BIGINT"``,
+``"SPECIAL_INT"`` or even ``"XYZINTQPR"``, will be considered by SQLite to be
+of "integer" affinity.  However, **the SQLite autoincrement feature, whether
+implicitly or explicitly enabled, requires that the name of the column's type
+is exactly the string "INTEGER"**.  Therefore, if an application uses a type
+like :class:`.BigInteger` for a primary key, on SQLite this type will need to
+be rendered as the name ``"INTEGER"`` when emitting the initial ``CREATE
+TABLE`` statement in order for the autoincrement behavior to be available.
 
 One approach to achieve this is to use :class:`.Integer` on SQLite
 only using :meth:`.TypeEngine.with_variant`::
@@ -92,8 +91,8 @@ only using :meth:`.TypeEngine.with_variant`::
         Column("id", BigInteger().with_variant(Integer, "sqlite"), primary_key=True)
     )
 
-Another is to use a subclass of :class:`.BigInteger` that overrides its DDL name
-to be ``INTEGER`` when compiled against SQLite::
+Another is to use a subclass of :class:`.BigInteger` that overrides its DDL
+name to be ``INTEGER`` when compiled against SQLite::
 
     from sqlalchemy import BigInteger
     from sqlalchemy.ext.compiler import compiles
@@ -173,7 +172,8 @@ Transaction Isolation Level
 ----------------------------
 
 SQLite supports "transaction isolation" in a non-standard way, along two
-axes.  One is that of the `PRAGMA read_uncommitted <http://www.sqlite.org/pragma.html#pragma_read_uncommitted>`_
+axes.  One is that of the
+`PRAGMA read_uncommitted <http://www.sqlite.org/pragma.html#pragma_read_uncommitted>`_
 instruction.   This setting can essentially switch SQLite between its
 default mode of ``SERIALIZABLE`` isolation, and a "dirty read" isolation
 mode normally referred to as ``READ UNCOMMITTED``.
@@ -546,12 +546,12 @@ names are still addressable*::
     1
 
 Therefore, the workaround applied by SQLAlchemy only impacts
-:meth:`.ResultProxy.keys` and :meth:`.RowProxy.keys()` in the public API.
-In the very specific case where
-an application is forced to use column names that contain dots, and the
-functionality of :meth:`.ResultProxy.keys` and :meth:`.RowProxy.keys()`
-is required to return these dotted names unmodified, the ``sqlite_raw_colnames``
-execution option may be provided, either on a per-:class:`.Connection` basis::
+:meth:`.ResultProxy.keys` and :meth:`.RowProxy.keys()` in the public API. In
+the very specific case where an application is forced to use column names that
+contain dots, and the functionality of :meth:`.ResultProxy.keys` and
+:meth:`.RowProxy.keys()` is required to return these dotted names unmodified,
+the ``sqlite_raw_colnames`` execution option may be provided, either on a
+per-:class:`.Connection` basis::
 
     result = conn.execution_options(sqlite_raw_colnames=True).execute('''
         select x.a, x.b from x where a=1
@@ -567,33 +567,35 @@ or on a per-:class:`.Engine` basis::
 When using the per-:class:`.Engine` execution option, note that
 **Core and ORM queries that use UNION may not function properly**.
 
-"""
+"""  # noqa
 
 import datetime
 import re
 
+from .json import JSON
+from .json import JSONIndexType
+from .json import JSONPathType
+from ... import exc
 from ... import processors
-from ... import sql, exc
-from ... import types as sqltypes, schema as sa_schema
+from ... import schema as sa_schema
+from ... import sql
+from ... import types as sqltypes
 from ... import util
-from ...engine import default, reflection
+from ...engine import default
+from ...engine import reflection
 from ...sql import compiler
-
-from ...types import (
-    BLOB,
-    BOOLEAN,
-    CHAR,
-    DECIMAL,
-    FLOAT,
-    INTEGER,
-    REAL,
-    NUMERIC,
-    SMALLINT,
-    TEXT,
-    TIMESTAMP,
-    VARCHAR,
-)
-from .json import JSON, JSONIndexType, JSONPathType
+from ...types import BLOB  # noqa
+from ...types import BOOLEAN  # noqa
+from ...types import CHAR  # noqa
+from ...types import DECIMAL  # noqa
+from ...types import FLOAT  # noqa
+from ...types import INTEGER  # noqa
+from ...types import NUMERIC  # noqa
+from ...types import REAL  # noqa
+from ...types import SMALLINT  # noqa
+from ...types import TEXT  # noqa
+from ...types import TIMESTAMP  # noqa
+from ...types import VARCHAR  # noqa
 
 
 class _DateTimeMixin(object):
@@ -680,7 +682,7 @@ class DATETIME(_DateTimeMixin, sqltypes.DateTime):
      is called with positional arguments via
      ``*map(int, match_obj.groups(0))``.
 
-    """
+    """  # noqa
 
     _storage_format = (
         "%(year)04d-%(month)02d-%(day)02d "
@@ -707,13 +709,13 @@ class DATETIME(_DateTimeMixin, sqltypes.DateTime):
     def bind_processor(self, dialect):
         datetime_datetime = datetime.datetime
         datetime_date = datetime.date
-        format = self._storage_format
+        format_ = self._storage_format
 
         def process(value):
             if value is None:
                 return None
             elif isinstance(value, datetime_datetime):
-                return format % {
+                return format_ % {
                     "year": value.year,
                     "month": value.month,
                     "day": value.day,
@@ -723,7 +725,7 @@ class DATETIME(_DateTimeMixin, sqltypes.DateTime):
                     "microsecond": value.microsecond,
                 }
             elif isinstance(value, datetime_date):
-                return format % {
+                return format_ % {
                     "year": value.year,
                     "month": value.month,
                     "day": value.day,
@@ -786,13 +788,13 @@ class DATE(_DateTimeMixin, sqltypes.Date):
 
     def bind_processor(self, dialect):
         datetime_date = datetime.date
-        format = self._storage_format
+        format_ = self._storage_format
 
         def process(value):
             if value is None:
                 return None
             elif isinstance(value, datetime_date):
-                return format % {
+                return format_ % {
                     "year": value.year,
                     "month": value.month,
                     "day": value.day,
@@ -864,13 +866,13 @@ class TIME(_DateTimeMixin, sqltypes.Time):
 
     def bind_processor(self, dialect):
         datetime_time = datetime.time
-        format = self._storage_format
+        format_ = self._storage_format
 
         def process(value):
             if value is None:
                 return None
             elif isinstance(value, datetime_time):
-                return format % {
+                return format_ % {
                     "hour": value.hour,
                     "minute": value.minute,
                     "second": value.second,
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/sqlite/pysqlcipher.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/sqlite/pysqlcipher.py
index fca425127c..66abef38ff 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/sqlite/pysqlcipher.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/sqlite/pysqlcipher.py
@@ -25,7 +25,8 @@
 Driver
 ------
 
-The driver here is the `pysqlcipher <https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pysqlcipher>`_
+The driver here is the
+`pysqlcipher <https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pysqlcipher>`_
 driver, which makes use of the SQLCipher engine.  This system essentially
 introduces new PRAGMA commands to SQLite which allows the setting of a
 passphrase and other encryption parameters, allowing the database
@@ -74,11 +75,13 @@ to prevent unencrypted connections from being held open for long periods of
 time, at the expense of slower startup time for new connections.
 
 
-"""
+"""  # noqa
+
 from __future__ import absolute_import
+
 from .pysqlite import SQLiteDialect_pysqlite
-from ...engine import url as _url
 from ... import pool
+from ...engine import url as _url
 
 
 class SQLiteDialect_pysqlcipher(SQLiteDialect_pysqlite):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/sqlite/pysqlite.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/sqlite/pysqlite.py
index e78d76ae6c..67bfa313fb 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/sqlite/pysqlite.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/sqlite/pysqlite.py
@@ -246,7 +246,8 @@ integration.   Then, at the point at which SQLAlchemy knows that transaction
 scope is to begin, we emit ``"BEGIN"`` ourselves.
 
 When we take control of ``"BEGIN"``, we can also control directly SQLite's
-locking modes, introduced at `BEGIN TRANSACTION <http://sqlite.org/lang_transaction.html>`_,
+locking modes, introduced at
+`BEGIN TRANSACTION <http://sqlite.org/lang_transaction.html>`_,
 by adding the desired locking mode to our ``"BEGIN"``::
 
     @event.listens_for(engine, "begin")
@@ -255,22 +256,28 @@ by adding the desired locking mode to our ``"BEGIN"``::
 
 .. seealso::
 
-    `BEGIN TRANSACTION <http://sqlite.org/lang_transaction.html>`_ - on the SQLite site
+    `BEGIN TRANSACTION <http://sqlite.org/lang_transaction.html>`_ -
+    on the SQLite site
 
-    `sqlite3 SELECT does not BEGIN a transaction <http://bugs.python.org/issue9924>`_ - on the Python bug tracker
+    `sqlite3 SELECT does not BEGIN a transaction <http://bugs.python.org/issue9924>`_ -
+    on the Python bug tracker
 
-    `sqlite3 module breaks transactions and potentially corrupts data <http://bugs.python.org/issue10740>`_ - on the Python bug tracker
+    `sqlite3 module breaks transactions and potentially corrupts data <http://bugs.python.org/issue10740>`_ -
+    on the Python bug tracker
 
 
-"""
-
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.sqlite.base import SQLiteDialect, DATETIME, DATE
-from sqlalchemy import exc, pool
-from sqlalchemy import types as sqltypes
-from sqlalchemy import util
+"""  # noqa
 
 import os
 
+from .base import DATE
+from .base import DATETIME
+from .base import SQLiteDialect
+from ... import exc
+from ... import pool
+from ... import types as sqltypes
+from ... import util
+
 
 class _SQLite_pysqliteTimeStamp(DATETIME):
     def bind_processor(self, dialect):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/sybase/__init__.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/sybase/__init__.py
index 2f55d3bf6f..9b247fa708 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/sybase/__init__.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/sybase/__init__.py
@@ -5,34 +5,34 @@
 # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 
-from . import base, pysybase, pyodbc  # noqa
+from . import base  # noqa
+from . import pyodbc  # noqa
+from . import pysybase  # noqa
+from .base import BIGINT
+from .base import BINARY
+from .base import BIT
+from .base import CHAR
+from .base import DATE
+from .base import DATETIME
+from .base import FLOAT
+from .base import IMAGE
+from .base import INT
+from .base import INTEGER
+from .base import MONEY
+from .base import NCHAR
+from .base import NUMERIC
+from .base import NVARCHAR
+from .base import SMALLINT
+from .base import SMALLMONEY
+from .base import TEXT
+from .base import TIME
+from .base import TINYINT
+from .base import UNICHAR
+from .base import UNITEXT
+from .base import UNIVARCHAR
+from .base import VARBINARY
+from .base import VARCHAR
 
-from .base import (
-    CHAR,
-    VARCHAR,
-    TIME,
-    NCHAR,
-    NVARCHAR,
-    TEXT,
-    DATE,
-    DATETIME,
-    FLOAT,
-    NUMERIC,
-    BIGINT,
-    INT,
-    INTEGER,
-    SMALLINT,
-    BINARY,
-    VARBINARY,
-    UNITEXT,
-    UNICHAR,
-    UNIVARCHAR,
-    IMAGE,
-    BIT,
-    MONEY,
-    SMALLMONEY,
-    TINYINT,
-)
 
 # default dialect
 base.dialect = dialect = pyodbc.dialect
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/sybase/base.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/sybase/base.py
index 1214a92794..8fdc011e33 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/sybase/base.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/sybase/base.py
@@ -21,39 +21,38 @@
     caveats not currently handled.
 
 """
-import operator
+
 import re
 
-from sqlalchemy.sql import compiler, expression, text, bindparam
-from sqlalchemy.engine import default, base, reflection
-from sqlalchemy import types as sqltypes
-from sqlalchemy.sql import operators as sql_operators
+from sqlalchemy import exc
 from sqlalchemy import schema as sa_schema
-from sqlalchemy import util, sql, exc
-
-from sqlalchemy.types import (
-    CHAR,
-    VARCHAR,
-    TIME,
-    NCHAR,
-    NVARCHAR,
-    TEXT,
-    DATE,
-    DATETIME,
-    FLOAT,
-    NUMERIC,
-    BIGINT,
-    INT,
-    INTEGER,
-    SMALLINT,
-    BINARY,
-    VARBINARY,
-    DECIMAL,
-    TIMESTAMP,
-    Unicode,
-    UnicodeText,
-    REAL,
-)
+from sqlalchemy import types as sqltypes
+from sqlalchemy import util
+from sqlalchemy.engine import default
+from sqlalchemy.engine import reflection
+from sqlalchemy.sql import compiler
+from sqlalchemy.sql import text
+from sqlalchemy.types import BIGINT
+from sqlalchemy.types import BINARY
+from sqlalchemy.types import CHAR
+from sqlalchemy.types import DATE
+from sqlalchemy.types import DATETIME
+from sqlalchemy.types import DECIMAL
+from sqlalchemy.types import FLOAT
+from sqlalchemy.types import INT  # noqa
+from sqlalchemy.types import INTEGER
+from sqlalchemy.types import NCHAR
+from sqlalchemy.types import NUMERIC
+from sqlalchemy.types import NVARCHAR
+from sqlalchemy.types import REAL
+from sqlalchemy.types import SMALLINT
+from sqlalchemy.types import TEXT
+from sqlalchemy.types import TIME
+from sqlalchemy.types import TIMESTAMP
+from sqlalchemy.types import Unicode
+from sqlalchemy.types import VARBINARY
+from sqlalchemy.types import VARCHAR
+
 
 RESERVED_WORDS = set(
     [
@@ -696,9 +695,9 @@ class SybaseDialect(default.DefaultDialect):
         )
 
         if util.py2k:
-            if isinstance(schema, unicode):
+            if isinstance(schema, unicode):  # noqa
                 schema = schema.encode("ascii")
-            if isinstance(table_name, unicode):
+            if isinstance(table_name, unicode):  # noqa
                 table_name = table_name.encode("ascii")
         result = connection.execute(
             TABLEID_SQL, schema_name=schema, table_name=table_name
@@ -740,7 +739,7 @@ class SybaseDialect(default.DefaultDialect):
             type_,
             nullable,
             autoincrement,
-            default,
+            default_,
             precision,
             scale,
             length,
@@ -750,7 +749,7 @@ class SybaseDialect(default.DefaultDialect):
                 type_,
                 bool(nullable),
                 bool(autoincrement),
-                default,
+                default_,
                 precision,
                 scale,
                 length,
@@ -1037,7 +1036,7 @@ class SybaseDialect(default.DefaultDialect):
         )
 
         if util.py2k:
-            if isinstance(schema, unicode):
+            if isinstance(schema, unicode):  # noqa
                 schema = schema.encode("ascii")
 
         tables = connection.execute(TABLE_SQL, schema_name=schema)
@@ -1059,7 +1058,7 @@ class SybaseDialect(default.DefaultDialect):
         )
 
         if util.py2k:
-            if isinstance(view_name, unicode):
+            if isinstance(view_name, unicode):  # noqa
                 view_name = view_name.encode("ascii")
 
         view = connection.execute(VIEW_DEF_SQL, view_name=view_name)
@@ -1081,7 +1080,7 @@ class SybaseDialect(default.DefaultDialect):
         )
 
         if util.py2k:
-            if isinstance(schema, unicode):
+            if isinstance(schema, unicode):  # noqa
                 schema = schema.encode("ascii")
         views = connection.execute(VIEW_SQL, schema_name=schema)
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/sybase/mxodbc.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/sybase/mxodbc.py
index eeceb359b7..482db9745f 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/sybase/mxodbc.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/sybase/mxodbc.py
@@ -18,9 +18,9 @@
 
 
 """
+from sqlalchemy.connectors.mxodbc import MxODBCConnector
 from sqlalchemy.dialects.sybase.base import SybaseDialect
 from sqlalchemy.dialects.sybase.base import SybaseExecutionContext
-from sqlalchemy.connectors.mxodbc import MxODBCConnector
 
 
 class SybaseExecutionContext_mxodbc(SybaseExecutionContext):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/sybase/pyodbc.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/sybase/pyodbc.py
index a4759428c8..ba299befdb 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/sybase/pyodbc.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/sybase/pyodbc.py
@@ -9,8 +9,7 @@
 .. dialect:: sybase+pyodbc
     :name: PyODBC
     :dbapi: pyodbc
-    :connectstring: sybase+pyodbc://<username>:<password>@<dsnname>\
-[/<database>]
+    :connectstring: sybase+pyodbc://<username>:<password>@<dsnname>[/<database>]
     :url: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pyodbc/
 
 
@@ -32,16 +31,16 @@ Currently *not* supported are::
     UNITEXT
     UNIVARCHAR
 
-"""
+"""  # noqa
 
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.sybase.base import (
-    SybaseDialect,
-    SybaseExecutionContext,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.connectors.pyodbc import PyODBCConnector
-from sqlalchemy import types as sqltypes, processors
 import decimal
 
+from sqlalchemy import processors
+from sqlalchemy import types as sqltypes
+from sqlalchemy.connectors.pyodbc import PyODBCConnector
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.sybase.base import SybaseDialect
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.sybase.base import SybaseExecutionContext
+
 
 class _SybNumeric_pyodbc(sqltypes.Numeric):
     """Turns Decimals with adjusted() < -6 into floats.
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/sybase/pysybase.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/sybase/pysybase.py
index 09d2cf380f..9fedc9f267 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/sybase/pysybase.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/dialects/sybase/pysybase.py
@@ -9,8 +9,7 @@
 .. dialect:: sybase+pysybase
     :name: Python-Sybase
     :dbapi: Sybase
-    :connectstring: sybase+pysybase://<username>:<password>@<dsn>/\
-[database name]
+    :connectstring: sybase+pysybase://<username>:<password>@<dsn>/[database name]
     :url: http://python-sybase.sourceforge.net/
 
 Unicode Support
@@ -19,14 +18,13 @@ Unicode Support
 The python-sybase driver does not appear to support non-ASCII strings of any
 kind at this time.
 
-"""
+"""  # noqa
 
-from sqlalchemy import types as sqltypes, processors
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.sybase.base import (
-    SybaseDialect,
-    SybaseExecutionContext,
-    SybaseSQLCompiler,
-)
+from sqlalchemy import processors
+from sqlalchemy import types as sqltypes
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.sybase.base import SybaseDialect
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.sybase.base import SybaseExecutionContext
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.sybase.base import SybaseSQLCompiler
 
 
 class _SybNumeric(sqltypes.Numeric):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/__init__.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/__init__.py
index 590359c380..fadc10ad79 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/__init__.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/__init__.py
@@ -51,43 +51,33 @@ url.py
     within a URL.
 """
 
-from .interfaces import (
-    Connectable,
-    CreateEnginePlugin,
-    Dialect,
-    ExecutionContext,
-    ExceptionContext,
-    # backwards compat
-    Compiled,
-    TypeCompiler,
-)
-
-from .base import (
-    Connection,
-    Engine,
-    NestedTransaction,
-    RootTransaction,
-    Transaction,
-    TwoPhaseTransaction,
-)
-
-from .result import (
-    BaseRowProxy,
-    BufferedColumnResultProxy,
-    BufferedColumnRow,
-    BufferedRowResultProxy,
-    FullyBufferedResultProxy,
-    ResultProxy,
-    RowProxy,
-)
-
-from .util import connection_memoize
-
-
-from . import util, strategies
+from . import strategies
+from . import util  # noqa
+from .base import Connection  # noqa
+from .base import Engine  # noqa
+from .base import NestedTransaction  # noqa
+from .base import RootTransaction  # noqa
+from .base import Transaction  # noqa
+from .base import TwoPhaseTransaction  # noqa
+from .interfaces import Compiled  # noqa
+from .interfaces import Connectable  # noqa
+from .interfaces import CreateEnginePlugin  # noqa
+from .interfaces import Dialect  # noqa
+from .interfaces import ExceptionContext  # noqa
+from .interfaces import ExecutionContext  # noqa
+from .interfaces import TypeCompiler  # noqa
+from .result import BaseRowProxy  # noqa
+from .result import BufferedColumnResultProxy  # noqa
+from .result import BufferedColumnRow  # noqa
+from .result import BufferedRowResultProxy  # noqa
+from .result import FullyBufferedResultProxy  # noqa
+from .result import ResultProxy  # noqa
+from .result import RowProxy  # noqa
+from .util import connection_memoize  # noqa
+from ..sql import ddl  # noqa
+
 
 # backwards compat
-from ..sql import ddl
 
 default_strategy = "plain"
 
@@ -298,8 +288,8 @@ def create_engine(*args, **kwargs):
         Behavior here varies per backend, and
         individual dialects should be consulted directly.
 
-        Note that the isolation level can also be set on a per-:class:`.Connection`
-        basis as well, using the
+        Note that the isolation level can also be set on a
+        per-:class:`.Connection` basis as well, using the
         :paramref:`.Connection.execution_options.isolation_level`
         feature.
 
@@ -455,7 +445,7 @@ def create_engine(*args, **kwargs):
         ``(sql, *multiparams, **params)``, to which the ``mock`` strategy will
         dispatch all statement execution. Used only by ``strategy='mock'``.
 
-    """
+    """  # noqa
 
     strategy = kwargs.pop("strategy", default_strategy)
     strategy = strategies.strategies[strategy]
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py
index 75d03b7448..c0979ecac0 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py
@@ -6,18 +6,23 @@
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 from __future__ import with_statement
 
-"""Defines :class:`.Connection` and :class:`.Engine`.
+import contextlib
+import sys
 
-"""
+from .interfaces import Connectable
+from .interfaces import ExceptionContext
+from .util import _distill_params
+from .. import exc
+from .. import interfaces
+from .. import log
+from .. import util
+from ..sql import schema
+from ..sql import util as sql_util
 
 
-import sys
-from .. import exc, util, log, interfaces
-from ..sql import util as sql_util
-from ..sql import schema
-from .interfaces import Connectable, ExceptionContext
-from .util import _distill_params
-import contextlib
+"""Defines :class:`.Connection` and :class:`.Engine`.
+
+"""
 
 
 class Connection(Connectable):
@@ -172,7 +177,7 @@ class Connection(Connectable):
     def __enter__(self):
         return self
 
-    def __exit__(self, type, value, traceback):
+    def __exit__(self, type_, value, traceback):
         self.close()
 
     def execution_options(self, **opt):
@@ -321,7 +326,7 @@ class Connection(Connectable):
 
             :ref:`schema_translating`
 
-        """
+        """  # noqa
         c = self._clone()
         c._execution_options = c._execution_options.union(opt)
         if self._has_events or self.engine._has_events:
@@ -892,15 +897,15 @@ class Connection(Connectable):
         self.__can_reconnect = False
         self.__transaction = None
 
-    def scalar(self, object, *multiparams, **params):
+    def scalar(self, object_, *multiparams, **params):
         """Executes and returns the first column of the first row.
 
         The underlying result/cursor is closed after execution.
         """
 
-        return self.execute(object, *multiparams, **params).scalar()
+        return self.execute(object_, *multiparams, **params).scalar()
 
-    def execute(self, object, *multiparams, **params):
+    def execute(self, object_, *multiparams, **params):
         r"""Executes a SQL statement construct and returns a
         :class:`.ResultProxy`.
 
@@ -959,12 +964,12 @@ class Connection(Connectable):
          DBAPI-agnostic way, use the :func:`~.expression.text` construct.
 
         """
-        if isinstance(object, util.string_types[0]):
-            return self._execute_text(object, multiparams, params)
+        if isinstance(object_, util.string_types[0]):
+            return self._execute_text(object_, multiparams, params)
         try:
-            meth = object._execute_on_connection
+            meth = object_._execute_on_connection
         except AttributeError:
-            raise exc.ObjectNotExecutableError(object)
+            raise exc.ObjectNotExecutableError(object_)
         else:
             return meth(self, multiparams, params)
 
@@ -1698,8 +1703,8 @@ class Transaction(object):
     def __enter__(self):
         return self
 
-    def __exit__(self, type, value, traceback):
-        if type is None and self.is_active:
+    def __exit__(self, type_, value, traceback):
+        if type_ is None and self.is_active:
             try:
                 self.commit()
             except:
@@ -2005,8 +2010,8 @@ class Engine(Connectable, log.Identified):
         def __enter__(self):
             return self.conn
 
-        def __exit__(self, type, value, traceback):
-            if type is not None:
+        def __exit__(self, type_, value, traceback):
+            if type_ is not None:
                 self.transaction.rollback()
             else:
                 self.transaction.commit()
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/default.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/default.py
index d7c2518fe0..cceae74e8e 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/default.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/default.py
@@ -13,15 +13,24 @@ as the base class for their own corresponding classes.
 
 """
 
-import re
-import random
-from . import reflection, interfaces, result
-from ..sql import compiler, expression, schema
-from .. import types as sqltypes
-from .. import exc, util, pool, processors
 import codecs
+import random
+import re
 import weakref
+
+from . import interfaces
+from . import reflection
+from . import result
 from .. import event
+from .. import exc
+from .. import pool
+from .. import processors
+from .. import types as sqltypes
+from .. import util
+from ..sql import compiler
+from ..sql import expression
+from ..sql import schema
+
 
 AUTOCOMMIT_REGEXP = re.compile(
     r"\s*(?:UPDATE|INSERT|CREATE|DELETE|DROP|ALTER)", re.I | re.UNICODE
@@ -239,13 +248,13 @@ class DefaultDialect(interfaces.Dialect):
         self.label_length = label_length
 
         if self.description_encoding == "use_encoding":
-            self._description_decoder = processors.to_unicode_processor_factory(
-                encoding
-            )
+            self._description_decoder = (
+                processors.to_unicode_processor_factory
+            )(encoding)
         elif self.description_encoding is not None:
-            self._description_decoder = processors.to_unicode_processor_factory(
-                self.description_encoding
-            )
+            self._description_decoder = (
+                processors.to_unicode_processor_factory
+            )(self.description_encoding)
         self._encoder = codecs.getencoder(self.encoding)
         self._decoder = processors.to_unicode_processor_factory(self.encoding)
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/interfaces.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/interfaces.py
index e10e6e8844..f738b5cafc 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/interfaces.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/interfaces.py
@@ -8,9 +8,8 @@
 """Define core interfaces used by the engine system."""
 
 from .. import util
-
-# backwards compat
-from ..sql.compiler import Compiled, TypeCompiler
+from ..sql.compiler import Compiled  # noqa
+from ..sql.compiler import TypeCompiler  # noqa
 
 
 class Dialect(object):
@@ -1157,11 +1156,11 @@ class Connectable(object):
 
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
-    def execute(self, object, *multiparams, **params):
+    def execute(self, object_, *multiparams, **params):
         """Executes the given construct and returns a :class:`.ResultProxy`."""
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
-    def scalar(self, object, *multiparams, **params):
+    def scalar(self, object_, *multiparams, **params):
         """Executes and returns the first column of the first row.
 
         The underlying cursor is closed after execution.
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/reflection.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/reflection.py
index 9b5fa24595..c822ff8203 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/reflection.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/reflection.py
@@ -25,14 +25,15 @@ methods such as get_table_names, get_columns, etc.
    'name' attribute..
 """
 
-from .. import exc, sql
-from ..sql import schema as sa_schema
+from .base import Connectable
+from .. import exc
+from .. import inspection
+from .. import sql
 from .. import util
+from ..sql import schema as sa_schema
 from ..sql.type_api import TypeEngine
 from ..util import deprecated
 from ..util import topological
-from .. import inspection
-from .base import Connectable
 
 
 @util.decorator
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/result.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/result.py
index 5ad0d29098..d672ffefe4 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/result.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/result.py
@@ -9,11 +9,16 @@
 and :class:`.RowProxy."""
 
 
-from .. import exc, util
-from ..sql import expression, sqltypes, util as sql_util
 import collections
 import operator
 
+from .. import exc
+from .. import util
+from ..sql import expression
+from ..sql import sqltypes
+from ..sql import util as sql_util
+
+
 # This reconstructor is necessary so that pickles with the C extension or
 # without use the same Binary format.
 try:
@@ -443,7 +448,14 @@ class ResultMetaData(object):
                     obj,
                     untranslated,
                 )
-                for idx, colname, mapped_type, coltype, obj, untranslated in raw_iterator
+                for (
+                    idx,
+                    colname,
+                    mapped_type,
+                    coltype,
+                    obj,
+                    untranslated,
+                ) in raw_iterator
             ]
 
     def _colnames_from_description(self, context, cursor_description):
@@ -575,10 +587,10 @@ class ResultMetaData(object):
         return d
 
     def _key_fallback(self, key, raiseerr=True):
-        map = self._keymap
+        map_ = self._keymap
         result = None
         if isinstance(key, util.string_types):
-            result = map.get(key if self.case_sensitive else key.lower())
+            result = map_.get(key if self.case_sensitive else key.lower())
         # fallback for targeting a ColumnElement to a textual expression
         # this is a rare use case which only occurs when matching text()
         # or colummn('name') constructs to ColumnElements, or after a
@@ -587,18 +599,18 @@ class ResultMetaData(object):
             if (
                 key._label
                 and (key._label if self.case_sensitive else key._label.lower())
-                in map
+                in map_
             ):
-                result = map[
+                result = map_[
                     key._label if self.case_sensitive else key._label.lower()
                 ]
             elif (
                 hasattr(key, "name")
                 and (key.name if self.case_sensitive else key.name.lower())
-                in map
+                in map_
             ):
                 # match is only on name.
-                result = map[
+                result = map_[
                     key.name if self.case_sensitive else key.name.lower()
                 ]
             # search extra hard to make sure this
@@ -620,7 +632,7 @@ class ResultMetaData(object):
             else:
                 return None
         else:
-            map[key] = result
+            map_[key] = result
         return result
 
     def _has_key(self, key):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/strategies.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/strategies.py
index 4aecb9537e..e16460d869 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/strategies.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/strategies.py
@@ -17,10 +17,14 @@ New strategies can be added via new ``EngineStrategy`` classes.
 
 from operator import attrgetter
 
-from sqlalchemy.engine import base, threadlocal, url
-from sqlalchemy import util, event
-from sqlalchemy import pool as poollib
-from sqlalchemy.sql import schema
+from . import base
+from . import threadlocal
+from . import url
+from .. import event
+from .. import pool as poollib
+from .. import util
+from ..sql import schema
+
 
 strategies = {}
 
@@ -299,7 +303,7 @@ class MockEngineStrategy(EngineStrategy):
                 element
             )
 
-        def execute(self, object, *multiparams, **params):
+        def execute(self, object_, *multiparams, **params):
             raise NotImplementedError()
 
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/threadlocal.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/threadlocal.py
index 5b2bdabc09..b34d510f71 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/threadlocal.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/threadlocal.py
@@ -13,10 +13,11 @@ This module is semi-private and is invoked automatically when the threadlocal
 engine strategy is used.
 """
 
-from .. import util
-from . import base
 import weakref
 
+from . import base
+from .. import util
+
 
 class TLConnection(base.Connection):
     def __init__(self, *arg, **kw):
@@ -92,8 +93,8 @@ class TLEngine(base.Engine):
     def __enter__(self):
         return self
 
-    def __exit__(self, type, value, traceback):
-        if type is None:
+    def __exit__(self, type_, value, traceback):
+        if type_ is None:
             self.commit()
         else:
             self.rollback()
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/url.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/url.py
index e92e57b8e3..f7019d74e3 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/url.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/url.py
@@ -15,9 +15,12 @@ be used directly and is also accepted directly by ``create_engine()``.
 """
 
 import re
-from .. import exc, util
-from . import Dialect
-from ..dialects import registry, plugins
+
+from .interfaces import Dialect
+from .. import exc
+from .. import util
+from ..dialects import plugins
+from ..dialects import registry
 
 
 class URL(object):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/util.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/util.py
index 76bb8f4b54..bf8ec13b9e 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/util.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/engine/util.py
@@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ def connection_memoize(key):
 
 
 def py_fallback():
-    def _distill_params(multiparams, params):
-        """Given arguments from the calling form *multiparams, **params,
+    def _distill_params(multiparams, params):  # noqa
+        r"""Given arguments from the calling form \*multiparams, \**params,
         return a list of bind parameter structures, usually a list of
         dictionaries.
 
@@ -75,6 +75,6 @@ def py_fallback():
 
 
 try:
-    from sqlalchemy.cutils import _distill_params
+    from sqlalchemy.cutils import _distill_params  # noqa
 except ImportError:
     globals().update(py_fallback())
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/event/__init__.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/event/__init__.py
index a7e27e9b61..d38a5e9489 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/event/__init__.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/event/__init__.py
@@ -5,7 +5,13 @@
 # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 
-from .api import CANCEL, NO_RETVAL, listen, listens_for, remove, contains
-from .base import Events, dispatcher
-from .attr import RefCollection
-from .legacy import _legacy_signature
+from .api import CANCEL  # noqa
+from .api import contains  # noqa
+from .api import listen  # noqa
+from .api import listens_for  # noqa
+from .api import NO_RETVAL  # noqa
+from .api import remove  # noqa
+from .attr import RefCollection  # noqa
+from .base import dispatcher  # noqa
+from .base import Events  # noqa
+from .legacy import _legacy_signature  # noqa
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/event/api.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/event/api.py
index f9e04503c6..4064b3e21d 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/event/api.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/event/api.py
@@ -10,9 +10,11 @@
 """
 from __future__ import absolute_import
 
-from .. import util, exc
 from .base import _registrars
 from .registry import _EventKey
+from .. import exc
+from .. import util
+
 
 CANCEL = util.symbol("CANCEL")
 NO_RETVAL = util.symbol("NO_RETVAL")
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/event/attr.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/event/attr.py
index 31a9f28ca4..451e0621a5 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/event/attr.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/event/attr.py
@@ -29,15 +29,18 @@ as well as support for subclass propagation (e.g. events assigned to
 
 """
 
-from __future__ import absolute_import, with_statement
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+from __future__ import with_statement
+
+import collections
+from itertools import chain
+import weakref
+
+from . import legacy
+from . import registry
 from .. import exc
 from .. import util
 from ..util import threading
-from . import registry
-from . import legacy
-from itertools import chain
-import weakref
-import collections
 
 
 class RefCollection(util.MemoizedSlots):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/event/base.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/event/base.py
index c750be70ac..6e30272142 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/event/base.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/event/base.py
@@ -19,8 +19,11 @@ from __future__ import absolute_import
 
 import weakref
 
+from .attr import _ClsLevelDispatch
+from .attr import _EmptyListener
+from .attr import _JoinedListener
 from .. import util
-from .attr import _ClsLevelDispatch, _EmptyListener, _JoinedListener
+
 
 _registrars = util.defaultdict(list)
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/event/registry.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/event/registry.py
index c862ae4033..86d3239824 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/event/registry.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/event/registry.py
@@ -17,10 +17,12 @@ an equivalent :class:`._EventKey`.
 
 from __future__ import absolute_import
 
-import weakref
 import collections
 import types
-from .. import exc, util
+import weakref
+
+from .. import exc
+from .. import util
 
 
 _key_to_collection = collections.defaultdict(dict)
@@ -236,11 +238,7 @@ class _EventKey(object):
         self, propagate=False, insert=False, named=False, retval=None
     ):
 
-        target, identifier, fn = (
-            self.dispatch_target,
-            self.identifier,
-            self._listen_fn,
-        )
+        target, identifier = self.dispatch_target, self.identifier
 
         dispatch_collection = getattr(target.dispatch, identifier)
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/events.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/events.py
index fa62b77056..01e7b454b5 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/events.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/events.py
@@ -7,9 +7,12 @@
 
 """Core event interfaces."""
 
-from . import event, exc
+from . import event
+from . import exc
+from .engine import Connectable
+from .engine import Dialect
+from .engine import Engine
 from .pool import Pool
-from .engine import Connectable, Engine, Dialect
 from .sql.base import SchemaEventTarget
 
 
@@ -912,11 +915,12 @@ class ConnectionEvents(event.Events):
             :meth:`.ConnectionEvents.handle_error` hook.
 
         .. versionchanged:: 1.1 The :meth:`.handle_error` event will now
-           receive all exceptions that inherit from ``BaseException``, including
-           ``SystemExit`` and ``KeyboardInterrupt``.  The setting for
-           :attr:`.ExceptionContext.is_disconnect` is ``True`` in this case
-           and the default for :attr:`.ExceptionContext.invalidate_pool_on_disconnect`
-           is ``False``.
+           receive all exceptions that inherit from ``BaseException``,
+           including ``SystemExit`` and ``KeyboardInterrupt``.  The setting for
+           :attr:`.ExceptionContext.is_disconnect` is ``True`` in this case and
+           the default for
+           :attr:`.ExceptionContext.invalidate_pool_on_disconnect` is
+           ``False``.
 
         .. versionchanged:: 1.0.0 The :meth:`.handle_error` event is now
            invoked when an :class:`.Engine` fails during the initial
@@ -1191,11 +1195,7 @@ class DialectEvents(event.Events):
 
     @classmethod
     def _listen(cls, event_key, retval=False):
-        target, identifier, fn = (
-            event_key.dispatch_target,
-            event_key.identifier,
-            event_key.fn,
-        )
+        target = event_key.dispatch_target
 
         target._has_events = True
         event_key.base_listen()
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/exc.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/exc.py
index 832c5ee524..e47df85af3 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/exc.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/exc.py
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ class InvalidatePoolError(DisconnectionError):
     invalidate_pool = True
 
 
-class TimeoutError(SQLAlchemyError):
+class TimeoutError(SQLAlchemyError):  # noqa
     """Raised when a connection pool times out on getting a connection."""
 
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/__init__.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/__init__.py
index 9fed09e2bf..7219b28a59 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/__init__.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/__init__.py
@@ -7,4 +7,5 @@
 
 from .. import util as _sa_util
 
+
 _sa_util.dependencies.resolve_all("sqlalchemy.ext")
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/associationproxy.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/associationproxy.py
index 56b91ce0bb..36c3fd415f 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/associationproxy.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/associationproxy.py
@@ -14,11 +14,15 @@ See the example ``examples/association/proxied_association.py``.
 
 """
 import operator
-from .. import exc, orm, util
-from ..orm import collections, interfaces
+
+from .. import exc
+from .. import inspect
+from .. import orm
+from .. import util
+from ..orm import collections
+from ..orm import interfaces
 from ..sql import or_
 from ..sql.operators import ColumnOperators
-from .. import inspect
 
 
 def association_proxy(target_collection, attr, **kw):
@@ -316,7 +320,7 @@ class AssociationProxyInstance(object):
 
     .. versionadded:: 1.3
 
-    """
+    """  # noqa
 
     def __init__(self, parent, owning_class, target_class, value_attr):
         self.parent = parent
@@ -478,10 +482,10 @@ class AssociationProxyInstance(object):
 
     def _initialize_scalar_accessors(self):
         if self.parent.getset_factory:
-            get, set = self.parent.getset_factory(None, self)
+            get, set_ = self.parent.getset_factory(None, self)
         else:
-            get, set = self.parent._default_getset(None)
-        self._scalar_get, self._scalar_set = get, set
+            get, set_ = self.parent._default_getset(None)
+        self._scalar_get, self._scalar_set = get, set_
 
     def _default_getset(self, collection_class):
         attr = self.value_attr
@@ -954,11 +958,11 @@ class _AssociationList(_AssociationCollection):
     def _create(self, value):
         return self.creator(value)
 
-    def _get(self, object):
-        return self.getter(object)
+    def _get(self, object_):
+        return self.getter(object_)
 
-    def _set(self, object, value):
-        return self.setter(object, value)
+    def _set(self, object_, value):
+        return self.setter(object_, value)
 
     def __getitem__(self, index):
         if not isinstance(index, slice):
@@ -1164,11 +1168,11 @@ class _AssociationDict(_AssociationCollection):
     def _create(self, key, value):
         return self.creator(key, value)
 
-    def _get(self, object):
-        return self.getter(object)
+    def _get(self, object_):
+        return self.getter(object_)
 
-    def _set(self, object, key, value):
-        return self.setter(object, key, value)
+    def _set(self, object_, key, value):
+        return self.setter(object_, key, value)
 
     def __getitem__(self, key):
         return self._get(self.col[key])
@@ -1321,8 +1325,8 @@ class _AssociationSet(_AssociationCollection):
     def _create(self, value):
         return self.creator(value)
 
-    def _get(self, object):
-        return self.getter(object)
+    def _get(self, object_):
+        return self.getter(object_)
 
     def __len__(self):
         return len(self.col)
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/automap.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/automap.py
index 747373a2a4..60cc4dfe02 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/automap.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/automap.py
@@ -512,14 +512,16 @@ the :meth:`.AutomapBase.prepare` method is required; if not called, the classes
 we've declared are in an un-mapped state.
 
 
-"""
+"""  # noqa
 from .declarative import declarative_base as _declarative_base
 from .declarative.base import _DeferredMapperConfig
-from ..sql import and_
-from ..schema import ForeignKeyConstraint
-from ..orm import relationship, backref, interfaces
-from ..orm.mapper import _CONFIGURE_MUTEX
 from .. import util
+from ..orm import backref
+from ..orm import interfaces
+from ..orm import relationship
+from ..orm.mapper import _CONFIGURE_MUTEX
+from ..schema import ForeignKeyConstraint
+from ..sql import and_
 
 
 def classname_for_table(base, tablename, table):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/baked.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/baked.py
index f55231a091..4feba8959f 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/baked.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/baked.py
@@ -13,16 +13,19 @@ compiled result to be fully cached.
 
 """
 
-from ..orm.query import Query
-from ..orm import strategy_options
-from ..orm.session import Session
-from ..sql import util as sql_util, func, literal_column
-from ..orm import exc as orm_exc
+import copy
+import logging
+
 from .. import exc as sa_exc
 from .. import util
+from ..orm import exc as orm_exc
+from ..orm import strategy_options
+from ..orm.query import Query
+from ..orm.session import Session
+from ..sql import func
+from ..sql import literal_column
+from ..sql import util as sql_util
 
-import copy
-import logging
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/declarative/__init__.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/declarative/__init__.py
index 2b0a37884a..5eb6ebb2e3 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/declarative/__init__.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/declarative/__init__.py
@@ -5,19 +5,17 @@
 # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 
-from .api import (
-    declarative_base,
-    synonym_for,
-    comparable_using,
-    instrument_declarative,
-    ConcreteBase,
-    AbstractConcreteBase,
-    DeclarativeMeta,
-    DeferredReflection,
-    has_inherited_table,
-    declared_attr,
-    as_declarative,
-)
+from .api import AbstractConcreteBase
+from .api import as_declarative
+from .api import comparable_using
+from .api import ConcreteBase
+from .api import declarative_base
+from .api import DeclarativeMeta
+from .api import declared_attr
+from .api import DeferredReflection
+from .api import has_inherited_table
+from .api import instrument_declarative
+from .api import synonym_for
 
 
 __all__ = [
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/declarative/api.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/declarative/api.py
index 987e921196..a4cbf3b525 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/declarative/api.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/declarative/api.py
@@ -7,30 +7,29 @@
 """Public API functions and helpers for declarative."""
 
 
-from ...schema import Table, MetaData, Column
-from ...orm import (
-    synonym as _orm_synonym,
-    comparable_property,
-    interfaces,
-    properties,
-    attributes,
-)
-from ...orm.util import polymorphic_union
-from ...orm.base import _mapper_or_none
-from ...util import OrderedDict, hybridmethod, hybridproperty
-from ... import util
-from ... import exc
-import weakref
 import re
+import weakref
 
-from .base import (
-    _as_declarative,
-    _declarative_constructor,
-    _DeferredMapperConfig,
-    _add_attribute,
-    _del_attribute,
-)
+from .base import _add_attribute
+from .base import _as_declarative
+from .base import _declarative_constructor
+from .base import _DeferredMapperConfig
+from .base import _del_attribute
 from .clsregistry import _class_resolver
+from ... import exc
+from ... import util
+from ...orm import attributes
+from ...orm import comparable_property
+from ...orm import interfaces
+from ...orm import properties
+from ...orm import synonym as _orm_synonym
+from ...orm.base import _mapper_or_none
+from ...orm.util import polymorphic_union
+from ...schema import MetaData
+from ...schema import Table
+from ...util import hybridmethod
+from ...util import hybridproperty
+from ...util import OrderedDict
 
 
 def instrument_declarative(cls, registry, metadata):
@@ -258,7 +257,8 @@ class declared_attr(interfaces._MappedAttribute, property):
                 @declared_attr.cascading
                 def id(cls):
                     if has_inherited_table(cls):
-                        return Column(ForeignKey('myclass.id'), primary_key=True)
+                        return Column(
+                            ForeignKey('myclass.id'), primary_key=True)
                     else:
                         return Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
 
@@ -362,8 +362,9 @@ def declarative_base(
       compatible callable to use as the meta type of the generated
       declarative base class.
 
-    .. versionchanged:: 1.1 if :paramref:`.declarative_base.cls` is a single class (rather
-         than a tuple), the constructed base class will inherit its docstring.
+    .. versionchanged:: 1.1 if :paramref:`.declarative_base.cls` is a
+         single class (rather than a tuple), the constructed base class will
+         inherit its docstring.
 
     .. seealso::
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/declarative/base.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/declarative/base.py
index 07778f733c..3c83b0b0e8 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/declarative/base.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/declarative/base.py
@@ -6,20 +6,28 @@
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 """Internal implementation for declarative."""
 
-from ...schema import Table, Column
-from ...orm import mapper, class_mapper, synonym
-from ...orm.interfaces import MapperProperty
-from ...orm.properties import ColumnProperty, CompositeProperty
-from ...orm.attributes import QueryableAttribute
-from ...orm.base import _is_mapped_class, InspectionAttr
-from ... import util, exc
-from ...util import topological
-from ...sql import expression
-from ... import event
-from . import clsregistry
 import collections
 import weakref
+
 from sqlalchemy.orm import instrumentation
+from . import clsregistry
+from ... import event
+from ... import exc
+from ... import util
+from ...orm import class_mapper
+from ...orm import mapper
+from ...orm import synonym
+from ...orm.attributes import QueryableAttribute
+from ...orm.base import _is_mapped_class
+from ...orm.base import InspectionAttr
+from ...orm.interfaces import MapperProperty
+from ...orm.properties import ColumnProperty
+from ...orm.properties import CompositeProperty
+from ...schema import Column
+from ...schema import Table
+from ...sql import expression
+from ...util import topological
+
 
 declared_attr = declarative_props = None
 
@@ -228,9 +236,9 @@ class _MapperConfig(object):
                         # make a copy of it so a class-level dictionary
                         # is not overwritten when we update column-based
                         # arguments.
-                        mapper_args_fn = lambda: dict(
-                            cls.__mapper_args__
-                        )  # noqa
+                        def mapper_args_fn():
+                            return dict(cls.__mapper_args__)
+
                 elif name == "__tablename__":
                     check_decl = _check_declared_props_nocascade(
                         obj, name, cls
@@ -283,8 +291,9 @@ class _MapperConfig(object):
                                 # defined attribute here to allow a clean
                                 # override, if there's another
                                 # subclass below then it still tries to use
-                                # this.  not sure if there is enough information
-                                # here to add this as a feature later on.
+                                # this.  not sure if there is enough
+                                # information here to add this as a feature
+                                # later on.
                                 util.warn(
                                     "Attribute '%s' on class %s cannot be "
                                     "processed due to "
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/declarative/clsregistry.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/declarative/clsregistry.py
index c52ae4a2f1..6f7c7c2bea 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/declarative/clsregistry.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/declarative/clsregistry.py
@@ -10,18 +10,19 @@ This system allows specification of classes and expressions used in
 :func:`.relationship` using strings.
 
 """
-from ...orm.properties import (
-    ColumnProperty,
-    RelationshipProperty,
-    SynonymProperty,
-)
-from ...schema import _get_table_key
-from ...orm import class_mapper, interfaces
-from ... import util
-from ... import inspection
-from ... import exc
 import weakref
 
+from ... import exc
+from ... import inspection
+from ... import util
+from ...orm import class_mapper
+from ...orm import interfaces
+from ...orm.properties import ColumnProperty
+from ...orm.properties import RelationshipProperty
+from ...orm.properties import SynonymProperty
+from ...schema import _get_table_key
+
+
 # strong references to registries which we place in
 # the _decl_class_registry, which is usually weak referencing.
 # the internal registries here link to classes with weakrefs and remove
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/horizontal_shard.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/horizontal_shard.py
index 7248e5b4da..dda0bc5bad 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/horizontal_shard.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/horizontal_shard.py
@@ -17,8 +17,9 @@ the source distribution.
 
 from .. import inspect
 from .. import util
-from ..orm.session import Session
 from ..orm.query import Query
+from ..orm.session import Session
+
 
 __all__ = ["ShardedSession", "ShardedQuery"]
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/hybrid.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/hybrid.py
index d51a083da7..729fe1202e 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/hybrid.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/hybrid.py
@@ -16,8 +16,8 @@ dependencies on the rest of SQLAlchemy.  It can, in theory, work with
 any descriptor-based expression system.
 
 Consider a mapping ``Interval``, representing integer ``start`` and ``end``
-values. We can define higher level functions on mapped classes that produce
-SQL expressions at the class level, and Python expression evaluation at the
+values. We can define higher level functions on mapped classes that produce SQL
+expressions at the class level, and Python expression evaluation at the
 instance level.  Below, each function decorated with :class:`.hybrid_method` or
 :class:`.hybrid_property` may receive ``self`` as an instance of the class, or
 as the class itself::
@@ -410,7 +410,8 @@ idiosyncratic behavior on the SQL side.
 
 .. note::  The :meth:`.hybrid_property.comparator` decorator introduced
    in this section **replaces** the use of the
-   :meth:`.hybrid_property.expression` decorator.  They cannot be used together.
+   :meth:`.hybrid_property.expression` decorator.
+   They cannot be used together.
 
 The example class below allows case-insensitive comparisons on the attribute
 named ``word_insensitive``::
@@ -496,13 +497,12 @@ Above, the ``FirstNameLastName`` class refers to the hybrid from
 ``FirstNameOnly.name`` to repurpose its getter and setter for the subclass.
 
 When overriding :meth:`.hybrid_property.expression` and
-:meth:`.hybrid_property.comparator` alone as the first reference
-to the superclass, these names conflict
-with the same-named accessors on the class-level :class:`.QueryableAttribute`
-object returned at the class level.  To override these methods when
-referring directly to the parent class descriptor, add
-the special qualifier :attr:`.hybrid_property.overrides`, which will
-de-reference the instrumented attribute back to the hybrid object::
+:meth:`.hybrid_property.comparator` alone as the first reference to the
+superclass, these names conflict with the same-named accessors on the class-
+level :class:`.QueryableAttribute` object returned at the class level.  To
+override these methods when referring directly to the parent class descriptor,
+add the special qualifier :attr:`.hybrid_property.overrides`, which will de-
+reference the instrumented attribute back to the hybrid object::
 
     class FirstNameLastName(FirstNameOnly):
         # ...
@@ -520,19 +520,18 @@ de-reference the instrumented attribute back to the hybrid object::
 Hybrid Value Objects
 --------------------
 
-Note in our previous example, if we were to compare the
-``word_insensitive`` attribute of a ``SearchWord`` instance to a plain
-Python string, the plain Python string would not be coerced to lower
-case - the ``CaseInsensitiveComparator`` we built, being returned by
+Note in our previous example, if we were to compare the ``word_insensitive``
+attribute of a ``SearchWord`` instance to a plain Python string, the plain
+Python string would not be coerced to lower case - the
+``CaseInsensitiveComparator`` we built, being returned by
 ``@word_insensitive.comparator``, only applies to the SQL side.
 
-A more comprehensive form of the custom comparator is to construct a
-*Hybrid Value Object*. This technique applies the target value or
-expression to a value object which is then returned by the accessor in
-all cases.   The value object allows control of all operations upon
-the value as well as how compared values are treated, both on the SQL
-expression side as well as the Python value side.   Replacing the
-previous ``CaseInsensitiveComparator`` class with a new
+A more comprehensive form of the custom comparator is to construct a *Hybrid
+Value Object*. This technique applies the target value or expression to a value
+object which is then returned by the accessor in all cases.   The value object
+allows control of all operations upon the value as well as how compared values
+are treated, both on the SQL expression side as well as the Python value side.
+Replacing the previous ``CaseInsensitiveComparator`` class with a new
 ``CaseInsensitiveWord`` class::
 
     class CaseInsensitiveWord(Comparator):
@@ -560,13 +559,12 @@ previous ``CaseInsensitiveComparator`` class with a new
         key = 'word'
         "Label to apply to Query tuple results"
 
-Above, the ``CaseInsensitiveWord`` object represents ``self.word``,
-which may be a SQL function, or may be a Python native.   By
-overriding ``operate()`` and ``__clause_element__()`` to work in terms
-of ``self.word``, all comparison operations will work against the
-"converted" form of ``word``, whether it be SQL side or Python side.
-Our ``SearchWord`` class can now deliver the ``CaseInsensitiveWord``
-object unconditionally from a single hybrid call::
+Above, the ``CaseInsensitiveWord`` object represents ``self.word``, which may
+be a SQL function, or may be a Python native.   By overriding ``operate()`` and
+``__clause_element__()`` to work in terms of ``self.word``, all comparison
+operations will work against the "converted" form of ``word``, whether it be
+SQL side or Python side. Our ``SearchWord`` class can now deliver the
+``CaseInsensitiveWord`` object unconditionally from a single hybrid call::
 
     class SearchWord(Base):
         __tablename__ = 'searchword'
@@ -577,10 +575,9 @@ object unconditionally from a single hybrid call::
         def word_insensitive(self):
             return CaseInsensitiveWord(self.word)
 
-The ``word_insensitive`` attribute now has case-insensitive comparison
-behavior universally, including SQL expression vs. Python expression
-(note the Python value is converted to lower case on the Python side
-here)::
+The ``word_insensitive`` attribute now has case-insensitive comparison behavior
+universally, including SQL expression vs. Python expression (note the Python
+value is converted to lower case on the Python side here)::
 
     >>> print Session().query(SearchWord).filter_by(word_insensitive="Trucks")
     SELECT searchword.id AS searchword_id, searchword.word AS searchword_word
@@ -612,9 +609,9 @@ Python only expression::
     >>> print ws1.word_insensitive
     someword
 
-The Hybrid Value pattern is very useful for any kind of value that may
-have multiple representations, such as timestamps, time deltas, units
-of measurement, currencies and encrypted passwords.
+The Hybrid Value pattern is very useful for any kind of value that may have
+multiple representations, such as timestamps, time deltas, units of
+measurement, currencies and encrypted passwords.
 
 .. seealso::
 
@@ -631,17 +628,17 @@ of measurement, currencies and encrypted passwords.
 Building Transformers
 ----------------------
 
-A *transformer* is an object which can receive a :class:`.Query`
-object and return a new one.   The :class:`.Query` object includes a
-method :meth:`.with_transformation` that returns a new :class:`.Query`
-transformed by the given function.
+A *transformer* is an object which can receive a :class:`.Query` object and
+return a new one.   The :class:`.Query` object includes a method
+:meth:`.with_transformation` that returns a new :class:`.Query` transformed by
+the given function.
 
 We can combine this with the :class:`.Comparator` class to produce one type
 of recipe which can both set up the FROM clause of a query as well as assign
 filtering criterion.
 
-Consider a mapped class ``Node``, which assembles using adjacency list
-into a hierarchical tree pattern::
+Consider a mapped class ``Node``, which assembles using adjacency list into a
+hierarchical tree pattern::
 
     from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, ForeignKey
     from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
@@ -654,9 +651,9 @@ into a hierarchical tree pattern::
         parent_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('node.id'))
         parent = relationship("Node", remote_side=id)
 
-Suppose we wanted to add an accessor ``grandparent``.  This would
-return the ``parent`` of ``Node.parent``.  When we have an instance of
-``Node``, this is simple::
+Suppose we wanted to add an accessor ``grandparent``.  This would return the
+``parent`` of ``Node.parent``.  When we have an instance of ``Node``, this is
+simple::
 
     from sqlalchemy.ext.hybrid import hybrid_property
 
@@ -667,13 +664,12 @@ return the ``parent`` of ``Node.parent``.  When we have an instance of
         def grandparent(self):
             return self.parent.parent
 
-For the expression, things are not so clear.   We'd need to construct
-a :class:`.Query` where we :meth:`~.Query.join` twice along
-``Node.parent`` to get to the ``grandparent``.   We can instead return
-a transforming callable that we'll combine with the
-:class:`.Comparator` class to receive any :class:`.Query` object, and
-return a new one that's joined to the ``Node.parent`` attribute and
-filtered based on the given criterion::
+For the expression, things are not so clear.   We'd need to construct a
+:class:`.Query` where we :meth:`~.Query.join` twice along ``Node.parent`` to
+get to the ``grandparent``.   We can instead return a transforming callable
+that we'll combine with the :class:`.Comparator` class to receive any
+:class:`.Query` object, and return a new one that's joined to the
+``Node.parent`` attribute and filtered based on the given criterion::
 
     from sqlalchemy.ext.hybrid import Comparator
 
@@ -702,17 +698,15 @@ filtered based on the given criterion::
         def grandparent(cls):
             return GrandparentTransformer(cls)
 
-The ``GrandparentTransformer`` overrides the core
-:meth:`.Operators.operate` method at the base of the
-:class:`.Comparator` hierarchy to return a query-transforming
-callable, which then runs the given comparison operation in a
-particular context. Such as, in the example above, the ``operate``
-method is called, given the :attr:`.Operators.eq` callable as well as
-the right side of the comparison ``Node(id=5)``.  A function
-``transform`` is then returned which will transform a :class:`.Query`
-first to join to ``Node.parent``, then to compare ``parent_alias``
-using :attr:`.Operators.eq` against the left and right sides, passing
-into :class:`.Query.filter`:
+The ``GrandparentTransformer`` overrides the core :meth:`.Operators.operate`
+method at the base of the :class:`.Comparator` hierarchy to return a query-
+transforming callable, which then runs the given comparison operation in a
+particular context. Such as, in the example above, the ``operate`` method is
+called, given the :attr:`.Operators.eq` callable as well as the right side of
+the comparison ``Node(id=5)``.  A function ``transform`` is then returned which
+will transform a :class:`.Query` first to join to ``Node.parent``, then to
+compare ``parent_alias`` using :attr:`.Operators.eq` against the left and right
+sides, passing into :class:`.Query.filter`:
 
 .. sourcecode:: pycon+sql
 
@@ -726,12 +720,12 @@ into :class:`.Query.filter`:
     WHERE :param_1 = node_1.parent_id
     {stop}
 
-We can modify the pattern to be more verbose but flexible by separating
-the "join" step from the "filter" step.  The tricky part here is ensuring
-that successive instances of ``GrandparentTransformer`` use the same
+We can modify the pattern to be more verbose but flexible by separating the
+"join" step from the "filter" step.  The tricky part here is ensuring that
+successive instances of ``GrandparentTransformer`` use the same
 :class:`.AliasedClass` object against ``Node``.  Below we use a simple
-memoizing approach that associates a ``GrandparentTransformer``
-with each class::
+memoizing approach that associates a ``GrandparentTransformer`` with each
+class::
 
     class Node(Base):
 
@@ -769,14 +763,16 @@ with each class::
     WHERE :param_1 = node_1.parent_id
     {stop}
 
-The "transformer" pattern is an experimental pattern that starts
-to make usage of some functional programming paradigms.
-While it's only recommended for advanced and/or patient developers,
-there's probably a whole lot of amazing things it can be used for.
+The "transformer" pattern is an experimental pattern that starts to make usage
+of some functional programming paradigms. While it's only recommended for
+advanced and/or patient developers, there's probably a whole lot of amazing
+things it can be used for.
 
-"""
+"""  # noqa
 from .. import util
-from ..orm import attributes, interfaces
+from ..orm import attributes
+from ..orm import interfaces
+
 
 HYBRID_METHOD = util.symbol("HYBRID_METHOD")
 """Symbol indicating an :class:`InspectionAttr` that's
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/indexable.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/indexable.py
index 368e5b00ae..a9100728e5 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/indexable.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/indexable.py
@@ -174,10 +174,6 @@ data structure does not exist, and a set operation is called:
   rules.
 
 
-
-
-
-
 Subclassing
 ===========
 
@@ -224,12 +220,12 @@ The above query will render::
     FROM person
     WHERE CAST(person.data ->> %(data_1)s AS INTEGER) < %(param_1)s
 
-"""
+"""  # noqa
 from __future__ import absolute_import
 
 from sqlalchemy import inspect
-from ..orm.attributes import flag_modified
 from ..ext.hybrid import hybrid_property
+from ..orm.attributes import flag_modified
 
 
 __all__ = ["index_property"]
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/instrumentation.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/instrumentation.py
index b2b8dd7c5d..ae62dca08e 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/instrumentation.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/instrumentation.py
@@ -26,18 +26,20 @@ see the example :ref:`examples_instrumentation`.
    being used to determine class instrumentation resolution.
 
 """
-from ..orm import instrumentation as orm_instrumentation
-from ..orm.instrumentation import (
-    ClassManager,
-    InstrumentationFactory,
-    _default_state_getter,
-    _default_dict_getter,
-    _default_manager_getter,
-)
-from ..orm import attributes, collections, base as orm_base
+import weakref
+
 from .. import util
+from ..orm import attributes
+from ..orm import base as orm_base
+from ..orm import collections
 from ..orm import exc as orm_exc
-import weakref
+from ..orm import instrumentation as orm_instrumentation
+from ..orm.instrumentation import _default_dict_getter
+from ..orm.instrumentation import _default_manager_getter
+from ..orm.instrumentation import _default_state_getter
+from ..orm.instrumentation import ClassManager
+from ..orm.instrumentation import InstrumentationFactory
+
 
 INSTRUMENTATION_MANAGER = "__sa_instrumentation_manager__"
 """Attribute, elects custom instrumentation when present on a mapped class.
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/mutable.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/mutable.py
index 0f6ccdc333..96372639f5 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/mutable.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/mutable.py
@@ -370,12 +370,16 @@ pickling process of the parent's object-relational state so that the
 :meth:`MutableBase._parents` collection is restored to all ``Point`` objects.
 
 """
+import weakref
+
+from .. import event
+from .. import types
+from ..orm import Mapper
+from ..orm import mapper
+from ..orm import object_mapper
 from ..orm.attributes import flag_modified
-from .. import event, types
-from ..orm import mapper, object_mapper, Mapper
-from ..util import memoized_property
 from ..sql.base import SchemaEventTarget
-import weakref
+from ..util import memoized_property
 
 
 class MutableBase(object):
@@ -479,7 +483,7 @@ class MutableBase(object):
             if not attrs or listen_keys.intersection(attrs):
                 load(state)
 
-        def set(target, value, oldvalue, initiator):
+        def set_(target, value, oldvalue, initiator):
             """Listen for set/replace events on the target
             data member.
 
@@ -519,7 +523,7 @@ class MutableBase(object):
             parent_cls, "refresh_flush", load_attrs, raw=True, propagate=True
         )
         event.listen(
-            attribute, "set", set, raw=True, retval=True, propagate=True
+            attribute, "set", set_, raw=True, retval=True, propagate=True
         )
         event.listen(parent_cls, "pickle", pickle, raw=True, propagate=True)
         event.listen(
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/orderinglist.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/orderinglist.py
index 2a8522120b..6592110445 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/orderinglist.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/orderinglist.py
@@ -119,8 +119,10 @@ start numbering at 1 or some other integer, provide ``count_from=1``.
 
 
 """
-from ..orm.collections import collection, collection_adapter
 from .. import util
+from ..orm.collections import collection
+from ..orm.collections import collection_adapter
+
 
 __all__ = ["ordering_list"]
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/serializer.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/serializer.py
index 3adcec34f4..ae983946a9 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/serializer.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/ext/serializer.py
@@ -53,15 +53,21 @@ needed for:
 
 """
 
+import re
+
+from .. import Column
+from .. import Table
+from ..engine import Engine
 from ..orm import class_mapper
-from ..orm.session import Session
-from ..orm.mapper import Mapper
-from ..orm.interfaces import MapperProperty
 from ..orm.attributes import QueryableAttribute
-from .. import Table, Column
-from ..engine import Engine
-from ..util import pickle, byte_buffer, b64encode, b64decode, text_type
-import re
+from ..orm.interfaces import MapperProperty
+from ..orm.mapper import Mapper
+from ..orm.session import Session
+from ..util import b64decode
+from ..util import b64encode
+from ..util import byte_buffer
+from ..util import pickle
+from ..util import text_type
 
 
 __all__ = ["Serializer", "Deserializer", "dumps", "loads"]
@@ -75,29 +81,29 @@ def Serializer(*args, **kw):
         if isinstance(obj, QueryableAttribute):
             cls = obj.impl.class_
             key = obj.impl.key
-            id = "attribute:" + key + ":" + b64encode(pickle.dumps(cls))
+            id_ = "attribute:" + key + ":" + b64encode(pickle.dumps(cls))
         elif isinstance(obj, Mapper) and not obj.non_primary:
-            id = "mapper:" + b64encode(pickle.dumps(obj.class_))
+            id_ = "mapper:" + b64encode(pickle.dumps(obj.class_))
         elif isinstance(obj, MapperProperty) and not obj.parent.non_primary:
-            id = (
+            id_ = (
                 "mapperprop:"
                 + b64encode(pickle.dumps(obj.parent.class_))
                 + ":"
                 + obj.key
             )
         elif isinstance(obj, Table):
-            id = "table:" + text_type(obj.key)
+            id_ = "table:" + text_type(obj.key)
         elif isinstance(obj, Column) and isinstance(obj.table, Table):
-            id = (
+            id_ = (
                 "column:" + text_type(obj.table.key) + ":" + text_type(obj.key)
             )
         elif isinstance(obj, Session):
-            id = "session:"
+            id_ = "session:"
         elif isinstance(obj, Engine):
-            id = "engine:"
+            id_ = "engine:"
         else:
             return None
-        return id
+        return id_
 
     pickler.persistent_id = persistent_id
     return pickler
@@ -121,8 +127,8 @@ def Deserializer(file, metadata=None, scoped_session=None, engine=None):
         else:
             return None
 
-    def persistent_load(id):
-        m = our_ids.match(text_type(id))
+    def persistent_load(id_):
+        m = our_ids.match(text_type(id_))
         if not m:
             return None
         else:
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/inspection.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/inspection.py
index 7c2ff97c57..6b6bcd688e 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/inspection.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/inspection.py
@@ -31,7 +31,9 @@ in a forwards-compatible way.
 
 """
 
-from . import util, exc
+from . import exc
+from . import util
+
 
 _registrars = util.defaultdict(list)
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/interfaces.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/interfaces.py
index f352f7f263..bde854d24c 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/interfaces.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/interfaces.py
@@ -13,7 +13,8 @@ event system.
 
 """
 
-from . import event, util
+from . import event
+from . import util
 
 
 class PoolListener(object):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/log.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/log.py
index 6b0b2e90ef..45073ad929 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/log.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/log.py
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ instance only.
 import logging
 import sys
 
+
 # set initial level to WARN.  This so that
 # log statements don't occur in the absence of explicit
 # logging being enabled for 'sqlalchemy'.
@@ -73,8 +74,8 @@ class InstanceLogger(object):
 
     'debug' -> logging.DEBUG
     True    -> logging.INFO
-    False   -> Effective level of underlying logger
-               (logging.WARNING by default)
+    False   -> Effective level of underlying logger (
+    logging.WARNING by default)
     None    -> same as False
     """
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/__init__.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/__init__.py
index 8e7b4cee65..d9f50e1532 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/__init__.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/__init__.py
@@ -13,53 +13,50 @@ documentation for an overview of how this module is used.
 
 """
 
-from . import exc
-from .mapper import (
-    Mapper,
-    _mapper_registry,
-    class_mapper,
-    configure_mappers,
-    reconstructor,
-    validates,
-)
-from .interfaces import EXT_CONTINUE, EXT_STOP, EXT_SKIP, PropComparator
-from .deprecated_interfaces import (
-    MapperExtension,
-    SessionExtension,
-    AttributeExtension,
-)
-from .util import (
-    aliased,
-    join,
-    object_mapper,
-    outerjoin,
-    polymorphic_union,
-    was_deleted,
-    with_parent,
-    with_polymorphic,
-)
-from .properties import ColumnProperty
-from .relationships import RelationshipProperty
-from .descriptor_props import (
-    ComparableProperty,
-    CompositeProperty,
-    SynonymProperty,
-)
-from .relationships import foreign, remote
-from .session import (
-    Session,
-    object_session,
-    sessionmaker,
-    make_transient,
-    make_transient_to_detached,
-)
-from .scoping import scoped_session
-from . import mapper as mapperlib
-from .query import AliasOption, Query, Bundle
-from ..util.langhelpers import public_factory
-from .. import util as _sa_util
-from . import strategies as _strategies
+from . import exc  # noqa
+from . import mapper as mapperlib  # noqa
+from . import strategy_options
+from .deprecated_interfaces import AttributeExtension  # noqa
+from .deprecated_interfaces import MapperExtension  # noqa
+from .deprecated_interfaces import SessionExtension  # noqa
+from .descriptor_props import ComparableProperty  # noqa
+from .descriptor_props import CompositeProperty  # noqa
+from .descriptor_props import SynonymProperty  # noqa
+from .interfaces import EXT_CONTINUE  # noqa
+from .interfaces import EXT_SKIP  # noqa
+from .interfaces import EXT_STOP  # noqa
+from .interfaces import PropComparator  # noqa
+from .mapper import _mapper_registry
+from .mapper import class_mapper  # noqa
+from .mapper import configure_mappers  # noqa
+from .mapper import Mapper  # noqa
+from .mapper import reconstructor  # noqa
+from .mapper import validates  # noqa
+from .properties import ColumnProperty  # noqa
+from .query import AliasOption  # noqa
+from .query import Bundle  # noqa
+from .query import Query  # noqa
+from .relationships import foreign  # noqa
+from .relationships import RelationshipProperty  # noqa
+from .relationships import remote  # noqa
+from .scoping import scoped_session  # noqa
+from .session import make_transient  # noqa
+from .session import make_transient_to_detached  # noqa
+from .session import object_session  # noqa
+from .session import Session  # noqa
+from .session import sessionmaker  # noqa
+from .strategy_options import Load  # noqa
+from .util import aliased  # noqa
+from .util import join  # noqa
+from .util import object_mapper  # noqa
+from .util import outerjoin  # noqa
+from .util import polymorphic_union  # noqa
+from .util import was_deleted  # noqa
+from .util import with_parent  # noqa
+from .util import with_polymorphic  # noqa
 from .. import sql as _sql
+from .. import util as _sa_util
+from ..util.langhelpers import public_factory
 
 
 def create_session(bind=None, **kwargs):
@@ -240,8 +237,6 @@ def clear_mappers():
         mapperlib._CONFIGURE_MUTEX.release()
 
 
-from . import strategy_options
-
 joinedload = strategy_options.joinedload._unbound_fn
 joinedload_all = strategy_options.joinedload._unbound_all_fn
 contains_eager = strategy_options.contains_eager._unbound_fn
@@ -262,8 +257,6 @@ raiseload = strategy_options.raiseload._unbound_fn
 defaultload = strategy_options.defaultload._unbound_fn
 selectin_polymorphic = strategy_options.selectin_polymorphic._unbound_fn
 
-from .strategy_options import Load
-
 
 def eagerload(*args, **kwargs):
     """A synonym for :func:`joinedload()`."""
@@ -280,10 +273,10 @@ contains_alias = public_factory(AliasOption, ".orm.contains_alias")
 
 def __go(lcls):
     global __all__
-    from .. import util as sa_util
-    from . import dynamic
-    from . import events
-    from . import loading
+    from .. import util as sa_util  # noqa
+    from . import dynamic  # noqa
+    from . import events  # noqa
+    from . import loading  # noqa
     import inspect as _inspect
 
     __all__ = sorted(
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/attributes.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/attributes.py
index 1648c9ae10..b5674d010c 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/attributes.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/attributes.py
@@ -15,34 +15,38 @@ defines a large part of the ORM's interactivity.
 """
 
 import operator
-from .. import util, event, inspection
-from . import interfaces, collections, exc as orm_exc
-
-from .base import instance_state, instance_dict, manager_of_class
-
-from .base import (
-    PASSIVE_NO_RESULT,
-    ATTR_WAS_SET,
-    ATTR_EMPTY,
-    NO_VALUE,
-    NEVER_SET,
-    NO_CHANGE,
-    CALLABLES_OK,
-    SQL_OK,
-    RELATED_OBJECT_OK,
-    INIT_OK,
-    NON_PERSISTENT_OK,
-    LOAD_AGAINST_COMMITTED,
-    PASSIVE_OFF,
-    PASSIVE_RETURN_NEVER_SET,
-    PASSIVE_NO_INITIALIZE,
-    PASSIVE_NO_FETCH,
-    PASSIVE_NO_FETCH_RELATED,
-    PASSIVE_ONLY_PERSISTENT,
-    NO_AUTOFLUSH,
-    NO_RAISE,
-)
-from .base import state_str, instance_str
+
+from . import collections
+from . import exc as orm_exc
+from . import interfaces
+from .base import ATTR_EMPTY
+from .base import ATTR_WAS_SET
+from .base import CALLABLES_OK
+from .base import INIT_OK
+from .base import instance_dict
+from .base import instance_state
+from .base import instance_str
+from .base import LOAD_AGAINST_COMMITTED
+from .base import manager_of_class
+from .base import NEVER_SET
+from .base import NO_AUTOFLUSH
+from .base import NO_CHANGE  # noqa
+from .base import NO_RAISE
+from .base import NO_VALUE
+from .base import NON_PERSISTENT_OK  # noqa
+from .base import PASSIVE_NO_FETCH
+from .base import PASSIVE_NO_FETCH_RELATED  # noqa
+from .base import PASSIVE_NO_INITIALIZE
+from .base import PASSIVE_NO_RESULT
+from .base import PASSIVE_OFF
+from .base import PASSIVE_ONLY_PERSISTENT
+from .base import PASSIVE_RETURN_NEVER_SET
+from .base import RELATED_OBJECT_OK  # noqa
+from .base import SQL_OK  # noqa
+from .base import state_str
+from .. import event
+from .. import inspection
+from .. import util
 
 
 @inspection._self_inspects
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/base.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/base.py
index abc572d9ad..b90a6ca69b 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/base.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/base.py
@@ -9,11 +9,15 @@
 
 """
 
-from .. import util, inspection, exc as sa_exc
-from ..sql import expression
-from . import exc
 import operator
 
+from . import exc
+from .. import exc as sa_exc
+from .. import inspection
+from .. import util
+from ..sql import expression
+
+
 PASSIVE_NO_RESULT = util.symbol(
     "PASSIVE_NO_RESULT",
     """Symbol returned by a loader callable or other attribute/history
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/collections.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/collections.py
index be92917415..2454f9fae1 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/collections.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/collections.py
@@ -103,15 +103,15 @@ through the adapter, allowing for some very sophisticated behavior.
 
 """
 
-import inspect
 import operator
 import weakref
 
-from ..sql import expression
-from .. import util, exc as sa_exc
+from sqlalchemy.util.compat import inspect_getargspec
 from . import base
+from .. import exc as sa_exc
+from .. import util
+from ..sql import expression
 
-from sqlalchemy.util.compat import inspect_getargspec
 
 __all__ = [
     "collection",
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/dependency.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/dependency.py
index cba4d2141a..ed3653de53 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/dependency.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/dependency.py
@@ -9,9 +9,17 @@
 
 """
 
-from .. import sql, util, exc as sa_exc
-from . import attributes, exc, sync, unitofwork, util as mapperutil
-from .interfaces import ONETOMANY, MANYTOONE, MANYTOMANY
+from . import attributes
+from . import exc
+from . import sync
+from . import unitofwork
+from . import util as mapperutil
+from .interfaces import MANYTOMANY
+from .interfaces import MANYTOONE
+from .interfaces import ONETOMANY
+from .. import exc as sa_exc
+from .. import sql
+from .. import util
 
 
 class DependencyProcessor(object):
@@ -1180,9 +1188,9 @@ class ManyToManyDP(DependencyProcessor):
             )
             result = connection.execute(statement, secondary_delete)
 
-            if result.supports_sane_multi_rowcount() and result.rowcount != len(
-                secondary_delete
-            ):
+            if (
+                result.supports_sane_multi_rowcount()
+            ) and result.rowcount != len(secondary_delete):
                 raise exc.StaleDataError(
                     "DELETE statement on table '%s' expected to delete "
                     "%d row(s); Only %d were matched."
@@ -1206,9 +1214,9 @@ class ManyToManyDP(DependencyProcessor):
             )
             result = connection.execute(statement, secondary_update)
 
-            if result.supports_sane_multi_rowcount() and result.rowcount != len(
-                secondary_update
-            ):
+            if (
+                result.supports_sane_multi_rowcount()
+            ) and result.rowcount != len(secondary_update):
                 raise exc.StaleDataError(
                     "UPDATE statement on table '%s' expected to update "
                     "%d row(s); Only %d were matched."
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/deprecated_interfaces.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/deprecated_interfaces.py
index 6b51404d0c..0b99ce85d0 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/deprecated_interfaces.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/deprecated_interfaces.py
@@ -5,8 +5,9 @@
 # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 
-from .. import event, util
 from .interfaces import EXT_CONTINUE
+from .. import event
+from .. import util
 
 
 @util.langhelpers.dependency_for("sqlalchemy.orm.interfaces")
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/descriptor_props.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/descriptor_props.py
index 37517e84c9..0891a2a9d5 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/descriptor_props.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/descriptor_props.py
@@ -11,13 +11,18 @@ as actively in the load/persist ORM loop.
 
 """
 
-from .interfaces import MapperProperty, PropComparator
-from .util import _none_set
 from . import attributes
-from .. import util, sql, exc as sa_exc, event, schema
-from ..sql import expression
 from . import properties
 from . import query
+from .interfaces import MapperProperty
+from .interfaces import PropComparator
+from .util import _none_set
+from .. import event
+from .. import exc as sa_exc
+from .. import schema
+from .. import sql
+from .. import util
+from ..sql import expression
 
 
 class DescriptorProperty(MapperProperty):
@@ -366,10 +371,10 @@ class CompositeProperty(DescriptorProperty):
         return self.comparator_factory(self, mapper)
 
     class CompositeBundle(query.Bundle):
-        def __init__(self, property, expr):
-            self.property = property
+        def __init__(self, property_, expr):
+            self.property = property_
             super(CompositeProperty.CompositeBundle, self).__init__(
-                property.key, *expr
+                property_.key, *expr
             )
 
         def create_row_processor(self, query, procs, labels):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/dynamic.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/dynamic.py
index e5c6b80b66..9665e24856 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/dynamic.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/dynamic.py
@@ -12,18 +12,17 @@ basic add/delete mutation.
 
 """
 
-from .. import log, util, exc
-from ..sql import operators
-from . import (
-    attributes,
-    object_session,
-    util as orm_util,
-    strategies,
-    object_mapper,
-    exc as orm_exc,
-    properties,
-)
+from . import attributes
+from . import exc as orm_exc
+from . import object_mapper
+from . import object_session
+from . import properties
+from . import strategies
+from . import util as orm_util
 from .query import Query
+from .. import exc
+from .. import log
+from .. import util
 
 
 @log.class_logger
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/evaluator.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/evaluator.py
index ac031d84f5..2de5907485 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/evaluator.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/evaluator.py
@@ -6,9 +6,10 @@
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 
 import operator
-from ..sql import operators
+
 from .. import inspect
 from .. import util
+from ..sql import operators
 
 
 class UnevaluatableError(Exception):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/events.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/events.py
index c2a2d15ee3..7c4cfc3bab 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/events.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/events.py
@@ -8,17 +8,21 @@
 """ORM event interfaces.
 
 """
-from .. import event, exc, util
-from .base import _mapper_or_none
-import inspect
 import weakref
+
+from . import instrumentation
 from . import interfaces
-from . import mapperlib, instrumentation
-from .session import Session, sessionmaker
-from .scoping import scoped_session
+from . import mapperlib
 from .attributes import QueryableAttribute
+from .base import _mapper_or_none
 from .query import Query
-from sqlalchemy.util.compat import inspect_getargspec
+from .scoping import scoped_session
+from .session import Session
+from .session import sessionmaker
+from .. import event
+from .. import exc
+from .. import util
+from ..util.compat import inspect_getargspec
 
 
 class InstrumentationEvents(event.Events):
@@ -1885,7 +1889,7 @@ class SessionEvents(event.Events):
 
 
 class AttributeEvents(event.Events):
-    """Define events for object attributes.
+    r"""Define events for object attributes.
 
     These are typically defined on the class-bound descriptor for the
     target class.
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/exc.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/exc.py
index f0aa02e99e..a8dcf2642f 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/exc.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/exc.py
@@ -6,7 +6,9 @@
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 
 """SQLAlchemy ORM exceptions."""
-from .. import exc as sa_exc, util
+from .. import exc as sa_exc
+from .. import util
+
 
 NO_STATE = (AttributeError, KeyError)
 """Exception types that may be raised by instrumentation implementations."""
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/identity.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/identity.py
index 2487cdb233..8152c9884f 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/identity.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/identity.py
@@ -6,10 +6,11 @@
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 
 import weakref
+
 from . import attributes
-from .. import util
-from .. import exc as sa_exc
 from . import util as orm_util
+from .. import exc as sa_exc
+from .. import util
 
 
 class IdentityMap(object):
@@ -32,7 +33,7 @@ class IdentityMap(object):
         in the map"""
         self.add(state)
 
-    def update(self, dict):
+    def update(self, dict_):
         raise NotImplementedError("IdentityMap uses add() to insert data")
 
     def clear(self):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/instrumentation.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/instrumentation.py
index fa29c32333..a0fe253572 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/instrumentation.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/instrumentation.py
@@ -30,9 +30,12 @@ alternate instrumentation forms.
 """
 
 
-from . import exc, collections, interfaces, state
-from .. import util
 from . import base
+from . import collections
+from . import exc
+from . import interfaces
+from . import state
+from .. import util
 
 
 _memoized_key_collection = util.group_expirable_memoized_property()
@@ -69,8 +72,8 @@ class ClassManager(dict):
             if mgr is not None
         ]
 
-        for base in self._bases:
-            self.update(base)
+        for base_ in self._bases:
+            self.update(base_)
 
         self.dispatch._events._new_classmanager_instance(class_, self)
         # events._InstanceEventsHold.populate(class_, self)
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/interfaces.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/interfaces.py
index d7e70c5d74..5df310db29 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/interfaces.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/interfaces.py
@@ -20,21 +20,23 @@ are exposed when inspecting mappings.
 
 from __future__ import absolute_import
 
-from .. import util
-from ..sql import operators
-from .base import (
-    ONETOMANY,
-    MANYTOONE,
-    MANYTOMANY,
-    EXT_CONTINUE,
-    EXT_STOP,
-    EXT_SKIP,
-    NOT_EXTENSION,
-)
-from .base import InspectionAttr, InspectionAttrInfo, _MappedAttribute
 import collections
-from .. import inspect
+
 from . import path_registry
+from .base import _MappedAttribute  # noqa
+from .base import EXT_CONTINUE
+from .base import EXT_SKIP
+from .base import EXT_STOP
+from .base import InspectionAttr  # noqa
+from .base import InspectionAttrInfo  # noqa
+from .base import MANYTOMANY
+from .base import MANYTOONE
+from .base import NOT_EXTENSION
+from .base import ONETOMANY
+from .. import inspect
+from .. import util
+from ..sql import operators
+
 
 # imported later
 MapperExtension = SessionExtension = AttributeExtension = None
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/loading.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/loading.py
index 96eddcb326..3662bbe513 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/loading.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/loading.py
@@ -14,17 +14,20 @@ as well as some of the attribute loading strategies.
 """
 from __future__ import absolute_import
 
+import collections
+
+from . import attributes
+from . import exc as orm_exc
+from . import path_registry
+from . import strategy_options
+from .base import _DEFER_FOR_STATE
+from .base import _SET_DEFERRED_EXPIRED
+from .util import _none_set
+from .util import state_str
+from .. import exc as sa_exc
 from .. import util
-from . import attributes, exc as orm_exc
 from ..sql import util as sql_util
-from . import strategy_options
-from . import path_registry
-from .. import sql
 
-from .util import _none_set, state_str
-from .base import _SET_DEFERRED_EXPIRED, _DEFER_FOR_STATE
-from .. import exc as sa_exc
-import collections
 
 _new_runid = util.counter()
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/mapper.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/mapper.py
index ea88907889..c0a53694a2 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/mapper.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/mapper.py
@@ -16,34 +16,39 @@ available in :class:`~sqlalchemy.orm.`.
 """
 from __future__ import absolute_import
 
+from collections import deque
+from itertools import chain
+import sys
 import types
 import weakref
-from itertools import chain
-from collections import deque
 
-from .. import sql, util, log, exc as sa_exc, event, schema, inspection
-from ..sql import expression, visitors, operators, util as sql_util
-from . import instrumentation, attributes, exc as orm_exc, loading
+from . import attributes
+from . import exc as orm_exc
+from . import instrumentation
+from . import loading
 from . import properties
 from . import util as orm_util
-from .interfaces import (
-    MapperProperty,
-    InspectionAttr,
-    _MappedAttribute,
-    EXT_SKIP,
-)
-
-
-from .base import (
-    _class_to_mapper,
-    _state_mapper,
-    class_mapper,
-    state_str,
-    _INSTRUMENTOR,
-)
+from .base import _class_to_mapper
+from .base import _INSTRUMENTOR
+from .base import _state_mapper
+from .base import class_mapper
+from .base import state_str
+from .interfaces import _MappedAttribute
+from .interfaces import EXT_SKIP
+from .interfaces import InspectionAttr
+from .interfaces import MapperProperty
 from .path_registry import PathRegistry
-
-import sys
+from .. import event
+from .. import exc as sa_exc
+from .. import inspection
+from .. import log
+from .. import schema
+from .. import sql
+from .. import util
+from ..sql import expression
+from ..sql import operators
+from ..sql import util as sql_util
+from ..sql import visitors
 
 
 _mapper_registry = weakref.WeakKeyDictionary()
@@ -1087,7 +1092,7 @@ class Mapper(InspectionAttr):
                 self.polymorphic_map[self.polymorphic_identity] = self
 
             if self.polymorphic_load and self.concrete:
-                raise exc.ArgumentError(
+                raise sa_exc.ArgumentError(
                     "polymorphic_load is not currently supported "
                     "with concrete table inheritance"
                 )
@@ -1615,9 +1620,9 @@ class Mapper(InspectionAttr):
                     if self.mapped_table is mapper.mapped_table:
                         self.polymorphic_on = mapper.polymorphic_on
                     else:
-                        self.polymorphic_on = self.mapped_table.corresponding_column(
-                            mapper.polymorphic_on
-                        )
+                        self.polymorphic_on = (
+                            self.mapped_table.corresponding_column
+                        )(mapper.polymorphic_on)
                     # we can use the parent mapper's _set_polymorphic_identity
                     # directly; it ensures the polymorphic_identity of the
                     # instance's mapper is used so is portable to subclasses.
@@ -2485,7 +2490,7 @@ class Mapper(InspectionAttr):
 
     @_memoized_configured_property
     def _equivalent_columns(self):
-        """Create a map of all *equivalent* columns, based on
+        """Create a map of all equivalent columns, based on
         the determination of column pairs that are equated to
         one another based on inherit condition.  This is designed
         to work with the queries that util.polymorphic_union
@@ -2494,14 +2499,14 @@ class Mapper(InspectionAttr):
         only).
 
         The resulting structure is a dictionary of columns mapped
-        to lists of equivalent columns, i.e.
+        to lists of equivalent columns, e.g.::
 
-        {
-            tablea.col1:
-                {tableb.col1, tablec.col1},
-            tablea.col2:
-                {tabled.col2}
-        }
+            {
+                tablea.col1:
+                    {tableb.col1, tablec.col1},
+                tablea.col2:
+                    {tabled.col2}
+            }
 
         """
         result = util.column_dict()
@@ -3026,10 +3031,18 @@ class Mapper(InspectionAttr):
                 if queue:
                     visitables.append((queue, mpp, None, None))
             elif item_type is mpp:
-                instance, instance_mapper, corresponding_state, corresponding_dict = (
-                    iterator.popleft()
+                (
+                    instance,
+                    instance_mapper,
+                    corresponding_state,
+                    corresponding_dict,
+                ) = iterator.popleft()
+                yield (
+                    instance,
+                    instance_mapper,
+                    corresponding_state,
+                    corresponding_dict,
                 )
-                yield instance, instance_mapper, corresponding_state, corresponding_dict
                 visitables.append(
                     (
                         deque(instance_mapper._props.values()),
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/path_registry.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/path_registry.py
index f33c209cc7..97f15d9f64 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/path_registry.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/path_registry.py
@@ -8,13 +8,15 @@
 
 """
 
-from .. import inspection
-from .. import util
-from .. import exc
 from itertools import chain
-from .base import class_mapper
 import logging
 
+from .base import class_mapper
+from .. import exc
+from .. import inspection
+from .. import util
+
+
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/persistence.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/persistence.py
index dc86a60e54..9e96cda427 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/persistence.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/persistence.py
@@ -14,14 +14,22 @@ in unitofwork.py.
 
 """
 
+from itertools import chain
+from itertools import groupby
 import operator
-from itertools import groupby, chain
-from .. import sql, util, exc as sa_exc
-from . import attributes, sync, exc as orm_exc, evaluator
-from .base import state_str, _entity_descriptor
+
+from . import attributes
+from . import evaluator
+from . import exc as orm_exc
+from . import loading
+from . import sync
+from .base import _entity_descriptor
+from .base import state_str
+from .. import exc as sa_exc
+from .. import sql
+from .. import util
 from ..sql import expression
 from ..sql.base import _from_objects
-from . import loading
 
 
 def _bulk_insert(
@@ -67,7 +75,16 @@ def _bulk_insert(
                 has_all_pks,
                 has_all_defaults,
             )
-            for state, state_dict, params, mp, conn, value_params, has_all_pks, has_all_defaults in _collect_insert_commands(
+            for (
+                state,
+                state_dict,
+                params,
+                mp,
+                conn,
+                value_params,
+                has_all_pks,
+                has_all_defaults,
+            ) in _collect_insert_commands(
                 table,
                 ((None, mapping, mapper, connection) for mapping in mappings),
                 bulk=True,
@@ -234,11 +251,17 @@ def save_obj(base_mapper, states, uowtransaction, single=False):
         chain(
             (
                 (state, state_dict, mapper, connection, False)
-                for state, state_dict, mapper, connection in states_to_insert
+                for (state, state_dict, mapper, connection) in states_to_insert
             ),
             (
                 (state, state_dict, mapper, connection, True)
-                for state, state_dict, mapper, connection, update_version_id in states_to_update
+                for (
+                    state,
+                    state_dict,
+                    mapper,
+                    connection,
+                    update_version_id,
+                ) in states_to_update
             ),
         ),
     )
@@ -609,9 +632,9 @@ def _collect_update_commands(
                     params[col.key] = value
 
             if mapper.base_mapper.eager_defaults:
-                has_all_defaults = mapper._server_onupdate_default_cols[
-                    table
-                ].issubset(params)
+                has_all_defaults = (
+                    mapper._server_onupdate_default_cols[table]
+                ).issubset(params)
             else:
                 has_all_defaults = True
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/properties.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/properties.py
index a39cd87036..3ea68a913e 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/properties.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/properties.py
@@ -13,12 +13,14 @@ mapped attributes.
 """
 from __future__ import absolute_import
 
-from .. import util, log
-from ..sql import expression
 from . import attributes
+from .interfaces import PropComparator
+from .interfaces import StrategizedProperty
 from .util import _orm_full_deannotate
+from .. import log
+from .. import util
+from ..sql import expression
 
-from .interfaces import PropComparator, StrategizedProperty
 
 __all__ = ["ColumnProperty"]
 
@@ -213,9 +215,9 @@ class ColumnProperty(StrategizedProperty):
             util.warn(
                 (
                     "On mapper %s, primary key column '%s' is being combined "
-                    "with distinct primary key column '%s' in attribute '%s'.  "
-                    "Use explicit properties to give each column its own mapped "
-                    "attribute name."
+                    "with distinct primary key column '%s' in attribute '%s'. "
+                    "Use explicit properties to give each column its own "
+                    "mapped attribute name."
                 )
                 % (self.parent, self.columns[1], self.columns[0], self.key)
             )
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/query.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/query.py
index 4a55a32478..a4dddcd239 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/query.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/query.py
@@ -21,36 +21,39 @@ database to return iterable result sets.
 
 from itertools import chain
 
-from . import (
-    attributes,
-    interfaces,
-    object_mapper,
-    persistence,
-    exc as orm_exc,
-    loading,
-)
-from .base import (
-    _entity_descriptor,
-    _is_aliased_class,
-    _is_mapped_class,
-    _orm_columns,
-    _generative,
-    InspectionAttr,
-)
+from . import attributes
+from . import exc as orm_exc
+from . import interfaces
+from . import loading
+from . import persistence
+from . import properties
+from .base import _entity_descriptor
+from .base import _generative
+from .base import _is_aliased_class
+from .base import _is_mapped_class
+from .base import _orm_columns
+from .base import InspectionAttr
 from .path_registry import PathRegistry
-from .util import (
-    AliasedClass,
-    ORMAdapter,
-    join as orm_join,
-    with_parent,
-    aliased,
-    _entity_corresponds_to,
-)
-from .. import sql, util, log, exc as sa_exc, inspect, inspection
-from ..sql.expression import _interpret_as_from
-from ..sql import util as sql_util, expression, visitors
+from .util import _entity_corresponds_to
+from .util import aliased
+from .util import AliasedClass
+from .util import join as orm_join
+from .util import object_mapper
+from .util import ORMAdapter
+from .util import with_parent
+from .. import exc as sa_exc
+from .. import inspect
+from .. import inspection
+from .. import log
+from .. import sql
+from .. import util
+from ..sql import expression
+from ..sql import util as sql_util
+from ..sql import visitors
 from ..sql.base import ColumnCollection
-from . import properties
+from ..sql.expression import _interpret_as_from
+from ..sql.selectable import ForUpdateArg
+
 
 __all__ = ["Query", "QueryContext", "aliased"]
 
@@ -1103,7 +1106,7 @@ class Query(object):
         """
         self._invoke_all_eagers = value
 
-    def with_parent(self, instance, property=None, from_entity=None):
+    def with_parent(self, instance, property=None, from_entity=None):  # noqa
         """Add filtering criterion that relates the given instance
         to a child object or collection, using its attribute state
         as well as an established :func:`.relationship()`
@@ -1143,7 +1146,7 @@ class Query(object):
                     isinstance(prop, properties.RelationshipProperty)
                     and prop.mapper is entity_zero.mapper
                 ):
-                    property = prop
+                    property = prop  # noqa
                     break
             else:
                 raise sa_exc.InvalidRequestError(
@@ -2397,17 +2400,20 @@ class Query(object):
             # figure out the best "left" side based on our existing froms /
             # entities
             assert prop is None
-            left, replace_from_obj_index, use_entity_index = self._join_determine_implicit_left_side(
-                left, right, onclause
-            )
+            (
+                left,
+                replace_from_obj_index,
+                use_entity_index,
+            ) = self._join_determine_implicit_left_side(left, right, onclause)
         else:
             # left is given via a relationship/name.  Determine where in our
             # "froms" list it should be spliced/appended as well as what
             # existing entity it corresponds to.
             assert prop is not None
-            replace_from_obj_index, use_entity_index = self._join_place_explicit_left_side(
-                left
-            )
+            (
+                replace_from_obj_index,
+                use_entity_index,
+            ) = self._join_place_explicit_left_side(left)
 
         # this should never happen because we would not have found a place
         # to join on
@@ -3153,7 +3159,8 @@ class Query(object):
         (note this may consist of multiple result rows if join-loaded
         collections are present).
 
-        Calling :meth:`.Query.first` results in an execution of the underlying query.
+        Calling :meth:`.Query.first` results in an execution of the underlying
+        query.
 
         .. seealso::
 
@@ -3665,7 +3672,8 @@ class Query(object):
          values or sql expressions as values.   If :ref:`parameter-ordered
          mode <updates_order_parameters>` is desired, the values can be
          passed as a list of 2-tuples;
-         this requires that the :paramref:`~sqlalchemy.sql.expression.update.preserve_parameter_order`
+         this requires that the
+         :paramref:`~sqlalchemy.sql.expression.update.preserve_parameter_order`
          flag is passed to the :paramref:`.Query.update.update_args` dictionary
          as well.
 
@@ -3905,9 +3913,9 @@ class Query(object):
             context.order_by = None
 
         if self._distinct is True and context.order_by:
-            context.primary_columns += sql_util.expand_column_list_from_order_by(
-                context.primary_columns, context.order_by
-            )
+            context.primary_columns += (
+                sql_util.expand_column_list_from_order_by
+            )(context.primary_columns, context.order_by)
         context.froms += tuple(context.eager_joins.values())
 
         statement = sql.select(
@@ -3966,9 +3974,6 @@ class Query(object):
                 )
 
 
-from ..sql.selectable import ForUpdateArg
-
-
 class LockmodeArg(ForUpdateArg):
     @classmethod
     def parse_legacy_query(self, mode):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/relationships.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/relationships.py
index e89d1542fa..27a8c4ca98 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/relationships.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/relationships.py
@@ -14,34 +14,38 @@ and `secondaryjoin` aspects of :func:`.relationship`.
 
 """
 from __future__ import absolute_import
-from .. import sql, util, exc as sa_exc, schema, log
 
+import collections
 import weakref
-from .util import CascadeOptions, _orm_annotate, _orm_deannotate
-from . import dependency
+
 from . import attributes
-from ..sql.util import (
-    ClauseAdapter,
-    join_condition,
-    _shallow_annotate,
-    visit_binary_product,
-    _deep_deannotate,
-    selectables_overlap,
-    adapt_criterion_to_null,
-)
+from . import dependency
+from . import mapper as mapperlib
 from .base import state_str
-
-from ..sql import operators, expression, visitors
-from .interfaces import (
-    MANYTOMANY,
-    MANYTOONE,
-    ONETOMANY,
-    StrategizedProperty,
-    PropComparator,
-)
+from .interfaces import MANYTOMANY
+from .interfaces import MANYTOONE
+from .interfaces import ONETOMANY
+from .interfaces import PropComparator
+from .interfaces import StrategizedProperty
+from .util import _orm_annotate
+from .util import _orm_deannotate
+from .util import CascadeOptions
+from .. import exc as sa_exc
+from .. import log
+from .. import schema
+from .. import sql
+from .. import util
 from ..inspection import inspect
-from . import mapper as mapperlib
-import collections
+from ..sql import expression
+from ..sql import operators
+from ..sql import visitors
+from ..sql.util import _deep_deannotate
+from ..sql.util import _shallow_annotate
+from ..sql.util import adapt_criterion_to_null
+from ..sql.util import ClauseAdapter
+from ..sql.util import join_condition
+from ..sql.util import selectables_overlap
+from ..sql.util import visit_binary_product
 
 
 def remote(expr):
@@ -88,7 +92,7 @@ def foreign(expr):
 
 
 @log.class_logger
-@util.langhelpers.dependency_for("sqlalchemy.orm.properties")
+@util.langhelpers.dependency_for("sqlalchemy.orm.properties", add_to_all=True)
 class RelationshipProperty(StrategizedProperty):
     """Describes an object property that holds a single item or list
     of items that correspond to a related database table.
@@ -596,8 +600,8 @@ class RelationshipProperty(StrategizedProperty):
 
           .. seealso::
 
-            :doc:`/orm/loading_relationships` - Full documentation on relationship loader
-            configuration.
+            :doc:`/orm/loading_relationships` - Full documentation on
+            relationship loader configuration.
 
             :ref:`dynamic_relationship` - detail on the ``dynamic`` option.
 
@@ -991,7 +995,14 @@ class RelationshipProperty(StrategizedProperty):
             else:
                 of_type = None
 
-            pj, sj, source, dest, secondary, target_adapter = self.property._create_joins(
+            (
+                pj,
+                sj,
+                source,
+                dest,
+                secondary,
+                target_adapter,
+            ) = self.property._create_joins(
                 source_selectable=adapt_from,
                 source_polymorphic=True,
                 of_type=of_type,
@@ -1112,7 +1123,14 @@ class RelationshipProperty(StrategizedProperty):
             else:
                 source_selectable = None
 
-            pj, sj, source, dest, secondary, target_adapter = self.property._create_joins(
+            (
+                pj,
+                sj,
+                source,
+                dest,
+                secondary,
+                target_adapter,
+            ) = self.property._create_joins(
                 dest_polymorphic=True,
                 dest_selectable=to_selectable,
                 source_selectable=source_selectable,
@@ -1508,7 +1526,7 @@ class RelationshipProperty(StrategizedProperty):
 
         Above, the SQL should be "address.user_id = 5". The callable
         returned by this method produces the value "5" based on the identity
-        of ``u1`.
+        of ``u1``.
 
         """
 
@@ -2108,9 +2126,9 @@ class RelationshipProperty(StrategizedProperty):
         if self.uselist is None:
             self.uselist = self.direction is not MANYTOONE
         if not self.viewonly:
-            self._dependency_processor = dependency.DependencyProcessor.from_relationship(
-                self
-            )
+            self._dependency_processor = (
+                dependency.DependencyProcessor.from_relationship
+            )(self)
 
     @util.memoized_property
     def _use_get(self):
@@ -2155,7 +2173,13 @@ class RelationshipProperty(StrategizedProperty):
         single_crit = dest_mapper._single_table_criterion
         aliased = aliased or (source_selectable is not None)
 
-        primaryjoin, secondaryjoin, secondary, target_adapter, dest_selectable = self._join_condition.join_targets(
+        (
+            primaryjoin,
+            secondaryjoin,
+            secondary,
+            target_adapter,
+            dest_selectable,
+        ) = self._join_condition.join_targets(
             source_selectable, dest_selectable, aliased, single_crit
         )
         if source_selectable is None:
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/scoping.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/scoping.py
index 2eeaf5b6d3..fea0b1de86 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/scoping.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/scoping.py
@@ -5,10 +5,13 @@
 # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 
-from .. import exc as sa_exc
-from ..util import ScopedRegistry, ThreadLocalRegistry, warn
-from . import class_mapper, exc as orm_exc
+from . import class_mapper
+from . import exc as orm_exc
 from .session import Session
+from .. import exc as sa_exc
+from ..util import ScopedRegistry
+from ..util import ThreadLocalRegistry
+from ..util import warn
 
 
 __all__ = ["scoped_session"]
@@ -166,13 +169,13 @@ for meth in Session.public_methods:
 
 
 def makeprop(name):
-    def set(self, attr):
+    def set_(self, attr):
         setattr(self.registry(), name, attr)
 
     def get(self):
         return getattr(self.registry(), name)
 
-    return property(get, set)
+    return property(get, set_)
 
 
 for prop in (
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/session.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/session.py
index a3edacc194..d226edf817 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/session.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/session.py
@@ -7,26 +7,34 @@
 """Provides the Session class and related utilities."""
 
 
-import weakref
-from .. import util, sql, engine, exc as sa_exc
-from ..sql import util as sql_util, expression
-from . import SessionExtension, attributes, exc, query, loading, identity
-from ..inspection import inspect
-from .base import (
-    object_mapper,
-    class_mapper,
-    _class_to_mapper,
-    _state_mapper,
-    object_state,
-    _none_set,
-    state_str,
-    instance_str,
-)
 import itertools
+import sys
+import weakref
+
+from . import attributes
+from . import exc
+from . import identity
+from . import loading
 from . import persistence
-from .unitofwork import UOWTransaction
+from . import query
 from . import state as statelib
-import sys
+from .base import _class_to_mapper
+from .base import _none_set
+from .base import _state_mapper
+from .base import instance_str
+from .base import object_mapper
+from .base import object_state
+from .base import state_str
+from .deprecated_interfaces import SessionExtension
+from .unitofwork import UOWTransaction
+from .. import engine
+from .. import exc as sa_exc
+from .. import sql
+from .. import util
+from ..inspection import inspect
+from ..sql import expression
+from ..sql import util as sql_util
+
 
 __all__ = ["Session", "SessionTransaction", "SessionExtension", "sessionmaker"]
 
@@ -578,11 +586,11 @@ class SessionTransaction(object):
     def __enter__(self):
         return self
 
-    def __exit__(self, type, value, traceback):
+    def __exit__(self, type_, value, traceback):
         self._assert_active(deactive_ok=True, prepared_ok=True)
         if self.session.transaction is None:
             return
-        if type is None:
+        if type_ is None:
             try:
                 self.commit()
             except:
@@ -888,9 +896,10 @@ class Session(_SessionClassMethods):
         :param subtransactions: if True, indicates that this
          :meth:`~.Session.begin` can create a "subtransaction".
 
-        :param nested: if True, begins a SAVEPOINT transaction and is equivalent
-         to calling :meth:`~.Session.begin_nested`. For documentation on
-         SAVEPOINT transactions, please see :ref:`session_begin_nested`.
+        :param nested: if True, begins a SAVEPOINT transaction and is
+         equivalent to calling :meth:`~.Session.begin_nested`. For
+         documentation on SAVEPOINT transactions, please see
+         :ref:`session_begin_nested`.
 
         :return: the :class:`.SessionTransaction` object.  Note that
          :class:`.SessionTransaction`
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/state.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/state.py
index c36d8817b8..6e539a3bea 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/state.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/state.py
@@ -13,22 +13,22 @@ defines a large part of the ORM's interactivity.
 """
 
 import weakref
-from .. import util
-from .. import inspection
-from .. import exc as sa_exc
-from . import exc as orm_exc, interfaces
-from .path_registry import PathRegistry
-from .base import (
-    PASSIVE_NO_RESULT,
-    SQL_OK,
-    NEVER_SET,
-    ATTR_WAS_SET,
-    NO_VALUE,
-    PASSIVE_NO_INITIALIZE,
-    INIT_OK,
-    PASSIVE_OFF,
-)
+
 from . import base
+from . import exc as orm_exc
+from . import interfaces
+from .base import ATTR_WAS_SET
+from .base import INIT_OK
+from .base import NEVER_SET
+from .base import NO_VALUE
+from .base import PASSIVE_NO_INITIALIZE
+from .base import PASSIVE_NO_RESULT
+from .base import PASSIVE_OFF
+from .base import SQL_OK
+from .path_registry import PathRegistry
+from .. import exc as sa_exc
+from .. import inspection
+from .. import util
 
 
 @inspection._self_inspects
@@ -157,8 +157,9 @@ class InstanceState(interfaces.InspectionAttrInfo):
             "detached" states; once the object is :term:`detached`, the
             :attr:`.InstanceState.deleted` attribute **no longer returns
             True**; in order to detect that a state was deleted, regardless
-            of whether or not the object is associated with a :class:`.Session`,
-            use the :attr:`.InstanceState.was_deleted` accessor.
+            of whether or not the object is associated with a
+            :class:`.Session`, use the :attr:`.InstanceState.was_deleted`
+            accessor.
 
         .. versionadded: 1.1
 
@@ -815,10 +816,10 @@ class InstanceState(interfaces.InspectionAttrInfo):
         self._commit_all_states([(self, dict_)], instance_dict)
 
     @classmethod
-    def _commit_all_states(self, iter, instance_dict=None):
+    def _commit_all_states(self, iter_, instance_dict=None):
         """Mass / highly inlined version of commit_all()."""
 
-        for state, dict_ in iter:
+        for state, dict_ in iter_:
             state_dict = state.__dict__
 
             state.committed_state.clear()
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/strategies.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/strategies.py
index 5c972b26b8..afa91d8763 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/strategies.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/strategies.py
@@ -8,26 +8,32 @@
 """sqlalchemy.orm.interfaces.LoaderStrategy
    implementations, and related MapperOptions."""
 
-from .. import exc as sa_exc, inspect
-from .. import util, log, event
-from ..sql import util as sql_util, visitors
-from .. import sql
-from . import (
-    attributes,
-    interfaces,
-    exc as orm_exc,
-    loading,
-    unitofwork,
-    util as orm_util,
-    query,
-)
-from .state import InstanceState
-from .util import _none_set, aliased
+import itertools
+
+from . import attributes
+from . import exc as orm_exc
+from . import interfaces
+from . import loading
 from . import properties
-from .interfaces import LoaderStrategy, StrategizedProperty
-from .base import _SET_DEFERRED_EXPIRED, _DEFER_FOR_STATE
+from . import query
+from . import unitofwork
+from . import util as orm_util
+from .base import _DEFER_FOR_STATE
+from .base import _SET_DEFERRED_EXPIRED
+from .interfaces import LoaderStrategy
+from .interfaces import StrategizedProperty
 from .session import _state_session
-import itertools
+from .state import InstanceState
+from .util import _none_set
+from .util import aliased
+from .. import event
+from .. import exc as sa_exc
+from .. import inspect
+from .. import log
+from .. import sql
+from .. import util
+from ..sql import util as sql_util
+from ..sql import visitors
 
 
 def _register_attribute(
@@ -524,9 +530,11 @@ class LazyLoader(AbstractRelationshipLoader, util.MemoizedSlots):
             join_condition.create_lazy_clause()
         )
 
-        self._rev_lazywhere, self._rev_bind_to_col, self._rev_equated_columns = join_condition.create_lazy_clause(
-            reverse_direction=True
-        )
+        (
+            self._rev_lazywhere,
+            self._rev_bind_to_col,
+            self._rev_equated_columns,
+        ) = join_condition.create_lazy_clause(reverse_direction=True)
 
         self.logger.info("%s lazy loading clause %s", self, self._lazywhere)
 
@@ -875,9 +883,9 @@ class LazyLoader(AbstractRelationshipLoader, util.MemoizedSlots):
             # "lazyload" option on a "no load"
             # attribute - "eager" attributes always have a
             # class-level lazyloader installed.
-            set_lazy_callable = InstanceState._instance_level_callable_processor(
-                mapper.class_manager, LoadLazyAttribute(key, self), key
-            )
+            set_lazy_callable = (
+                InstanceState._instance_level_callable_processor
+            )(mapper.class_manager, LoadLazyAttribute(key, self), key)
 
             populators["new"].append((self.key, set_lazy_callable))
         elif context.populate_existing or mapper.always_refresh:
@@ -1008,9 +1016,11 @@ class SubqueryLoader(AbstractRelationshipLoader):
             elif subq_path.contains_mapper(self.mapper):
                 return
 
-        leftmost_mapper, leftmost_attr, leftmost_relationship = self._get_leftmost(
-            subq_path
-        )
+        (
+            leftmost_mapper,
+            leftmost_attr,
+            leftmost_relationship,
+        ) = self._get_leftmost(subq_path)
 
         orig_query = context.attributes.get(
             ("orig_query", SubqueryLoader), context.query
@@ -1439,7 +1449,11 @@ class JoinedLoader(AbstractRelationshipLoader):
         )
 
         if user_defined_adapter is not False:
-            clauses, adapter, add_to_collection = self._setup_query_on_user_defined_adapter(
+            (
+                clauses,
+                adapter,
+                add_to_collection,
+            ) = self._setup_query_on_user_defined_adapter(
                 context, entity, path, adapter, user_defined_adapter
             )
         else:
@@ -1452,7 +1466,12 @@ class JoinedLoader(AbstractRelationshipLoader):
                 elif path.contains_mapper(self.mapper):
                     return
 
-            clauses, adapter, add_to_collection, chained_from_outerjoin = self._generate_row_adapter(
+            (
+                clauses,
+                adapter,
+                add_to_collection,
+                chained_from_outerjoin,
+            ) = self._generate_row_adapter(
                 context,
                 entity,
                 path,
@@ -1795,9 +1814,9 @@ class JoinedLoader(AbstractRelationshipLoader):
                     context.primary_columns.append(col)
 
         if self.parent_property.order_by:
-            context.eager_order_by += eagerjoin._target_adapter.copy_and_process(
-                util.to_list(self.parent_property.order_by)
-            )
+            context.eager_order_by += (
+                eagerjoin._target_adapter.copy_and_process
+            )(util.to_list(self.parent_property.order_by))
 
     def _splice_nested_inner_join(
         self, path, join_obj, clauses, onclause, splicing=False
@@ -2228,10 +2247,12 @@ class SelectInLoader(AbstractRelationshipLoader, util.MemoizedSlots):
                     # imitate the same method that subquery eager loading uses,
                     # looking for the adapted "secondary" table
                     eagerjoin = q._from_obj[0]
-                    eager_order_by = eagerjoin._target_adapter.copy_and_process(
-                        util.to_list(self.parent_property.order_by)
+
+                    return q.order_by(
+                        *eagerjoin._target_adapter.copy_and_process(
+                            util.to_list(self.parent_property.order_by)
+                        )
                     )
-                    return q.order_by(*eager_order_by)
 
                 q.add_criteria(_setup_outermost_orderby)
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/strategy_options.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/strategy_options.py
index b2f6bcb11c..2d07169918 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/strategy_options.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/strategy_options.py
@@ -8,24 +8,25 @@
 
 """
 
-from .interfaces import MapperOption, PropComparator, MapperProperty
+from . import util as orm_util
 from .attributes import QueryableAttribute
+from .base import _class_to_mapper
+from .base import _is_aliased_class
+from .base import _is_mapped_class
+from .base import InspectionAttr
+from .interfaces import MapperOption
+from .interfaces import PropComparator
+from .path_registry import _DEFAULT_TOKEN
+from .path_registry import _WILDCARD_TOKEN
+from .path_registry import PathRegistry
+from .path_registry import TokenRegistry
+from .util import _orm_full_deannotate
+from .. import exc as sa_exc
+from .. import inspect
 from .. import util
-from ..sql.base import _generative, Generative
-from .. import exc as sa_exc, inspect
-from .base import (
-    _is_aliased_class,
-    _class_to_mapper,
-    _is_mapped_class,
-    InspectionAttr,
-)
-from . import util as orm_util
-from .path_registry import (
-    PathRegistry,
-    TokenRegistry,
-    _WILDCARD_TOKEN,
-    _DEFAULT_TOKEN,
-)
+from ..sql import expression as sql_expr
+from ..sql.base import _generative
+from ..sql.base import Generative
 
 
 class Load(Generative, MapperOption):
@@ -1454,10 +1455,6 @@ def undefer_group(name):
     return _UnboundLoad().undefer_group(name)
 
 
-from ..sql import expression as sql_expr
-from .util import _orm_full_deannotate
-
-
 @loader_option()
 def with_expression(loadopt, key, expression):
     r"""Apply an ad-hoc SQL expression to a "deferred expression" attribute.
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/sync.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/sync.py
index 0cd488cbd4..2134b6dbf0 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/sync.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/sync.py
@@ -10,7 +10,9 @@ between instances based on join conditions.
 
 """
 
-from . import exc, util as orm_util, attributes
+from . import attributes
+from . import exc
+from . import util as orm_util
 
 
 def populate(
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/unitofwork.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/unitofwork.py
index 545811bb42..0d1dae8fc4 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/unitofwork.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/unitofwork.py
@@ -13,11 +13,13 @@ organizes them in order of dependency, and executes.
 
 """
 
-from .. import util, event
-from ..util import topological
-from . import attributes, persistence, util as orm_util
+from . import attributes
 from . import exc as orm_exc
-import itertools
+from . import persistence
+from . import util as orm_util
+from .. import event
+from .. import util
+from ..util import topological
 
 
 def track_cascade_events(descriptor, prop):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/util.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/util.py
index a1b0cd5dad..4a1e18c1a3 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/util.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/orm/util.py
@@ -6,26 +6,32 @@
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 
 
-from .. import sql, util, event, exc as sa_exc, inspection
-from ..sql import expression, util as sql_util, operators
-from .interfaces import PropComparator, MapperProperty
-from . import attributes
 import re
 
-from .base import (
-    instance_str,
-    state_str,
-    state_class_str,
-    attribute_str,
-    state_attribute_str,
-    object_mapper,
-    object_state,
-    _none_set,
-    _never_set,
-)
-from .base import class_mapper, _class_to_mapper
-from .base import InspectionAttr
-from .path_registry import PathRegistry
+from . import attributes  # noqa
+from .base import _class_to_mapper  # noqa
+from .base import _never_set  # noqa
+from .base import _none_set  # noqa
+from .base import attribute_str  # noqa
+from .base import class_mapper  # noqa
+from .base import InspectionAttr  # noqa
+from .base import instance_str  # noqa
+from .base import object_mapper  # noqa
+from .base import object_state  # noqa
+from .base import state_attribute_str  # noqa
+from .base import state_class_str  # noqa
+from .base import state_str  # noqa
+from .interfaces import MapperProperty  # noqa
+from .interfaces import PropComparator  # noqa
+from .path_registry import PathRegistry  # noqa
+from .. import event
+from .. import exc as sa_exc
+from .. import inspection
+from .. import sql
+from .. import util
+from ..sql import expression
+from ..sql import util as sql_util
+
 
 all_cascades = frozenset(
     (
@@ -221,14 +227,14 @@ def polymorphic_union(
                 return sql.type_coerce(sql.null(), types[name]).label(name)
 
     result = []
-    for type, table in table_map.items():
+    for type_, table in table_map.items():
         if typecolname is not None:
             result.append(
                 sql.select(
                     [col(name, table) for name in colnames]
                     + [
                         sql.literal_column(
-                            sql_util._quote_ddl_expr(type)
+                            sql_util._quote_ddl_expr(type_)
                         ).label(typecolname)
                     ],
                     from_obj=[table],
@@ -261,7 +267,7 @@ def identity_key(*args, **kwargs):
 
       :param class: mapped class (must be a positional argument)
       :param ident: primary key, may be a scalar or tuple argument.
-      ;param identity_token: optional identity token
+      :param identity_token: optional identity token
 
         .. versionadded:: 1.2 added identity_token
 
@@ -301,7 +307,7 @@ first()
       :param class: mapped class (must be a positional argument)
       :param row: :class:`.RowProxy` row returned by a :class:`.ResultProxy`
        (must be given as a keyword arg)
-      ;param identity_token: optional identity token
+      :param identity_token: optional identity token
 
         .. versionadded:: 1.2 added identity_token
 
@@ -957,7 +963,14 @@ class _ORMJoin(expression.Join):
             else:
                 adapt_from = left_info.selectable
 
-            pj, sj, source, dest, secondary, target_adapter = prop._create_joins(
+            (
+                pj,
+                sj,
+                source,
+                dest,
+                secondary,
+                target_adapter,
+            ) = prop._create_joins(
                 source_selectable=adapt_from,
                 dest_selectable=adapt_to,
                 source_polymorphic=True,
@@ -1125,7 +1138,7 @@ def with_parent(instance, prop, from_entity=None):
     return prop._with_parent(instance, from_entity=from_entity)
 
 
-def has_identity(object):
+def has_identity(object_):
     """Return True if the given object has a database
     identity.
 
@@ -1137,11 +1150,11 @@ def has_identity(object):
         :func:`.was_deleted`
 
     """
-    state = attributes.instance_state(object)
+    state = attributes.instance_state(object_)
     return state.has_identity
 
 
-def was_deleted(object):
+def was_deleted(object_):
     """Return True if the given object was deleted
     within a session flush.
 
@@ -1156,7 +1169,7 @@ def was_deleted(object):
 
     """
 
-    state = attributes.instance_state(object)
+    state = attributes.instance_state(object_)
     return state.was_deleted
 
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/pool/__init__.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/pool/__init__.py
index 2aa6eeeb7b..39017906c9 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/pool/__init__.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/pool/__init__.py
@@ -17,19 +17,36 @@ regular DB-API connect() methods to be transparently managed by a
 SQLAlchemy connection pool.
 """
 
+from .base import _ConnectionFairy  # noqa
+from .base import _ConnectionRecord  # noqa
+from .base import _finalize_fairy  # noqa
 from .base import _refs  # noqa
-from .base import Pool  # noqa
-from .impl import (  # noqa
-    QueuePool,
-    StaticPool,
-    NullPool,
-    AssertionPool,
-    SingletonThreadPool,
-)
-from .dbapi_proxy import manage, clear_managers  # noqa
-
-from .base import reset_rollback, reset_commit, reset_none  # noqa
+from .base import Pool
+from .base import reset_commit
+from .base import reset_none
+from .base import reset_rollback
+from .dbapi_proxy import clear_managers
+from .dbapi_proxy import manage
+from .impl import AssertionPool
+from .impl import NullPool
+from .impl import QueuePool
+from .impl import SingletonThreadPool
+from .impl import StaticPool
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "Pool",
+    "reset_commit",
+    "reset_none",
+    "reset_rollback",
+    "clear_managers",
+    "manage",
+    "AssertionPool",
+    "NullPool",
+    "QueuePool",
+    "SingletonThreadPool",
+    "StaticPool",
+]
 
 # as these are likely to be used in various test suites, debugging
 # setups, keep them in the sqlalchemy.pool namespace
-from .base import _ConnectionFairy, _ConnectionRecord, _finalize_fairy  # noqa
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/pool/base.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/pool/base.py
index 382e740c6b..8df0b89c6f 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/pool/base.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/pool/base.py
@@ -14,7 +14,11 @@ from collections import deque
 import time
 import weakref
 
-from .. import exc, log, event, interfaces, util
+from .. import event
+from .. import exc
+from .. import interfaces
+from .. import log
+from .. import util
 from ..util import threading
 
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/pool/dbapi_proxy.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/pool/dbapi_proxy.py
index 425c4a1145..ccd157948a 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/pool/dbapi_proxy.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/pool/dbapi_proxy.py
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ today.
 from .impl import QueuePool
 from ..util import threading
 
+
 proxies = {}
 
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/pool/impl.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/pool/impl.py
index 6159f6a5b3..d1b038d47e 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/pool/impl.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/pool/impl.py
@@ -13,11 +13,12 @@
 import traceback
 import weakref
 
-from .base import Pool, _ConnectionRecord
+from .base import _ConnectionRecord
+from .base import Pool
 from .. import exc
 from .. import util
-from ..util import queue as sqla_queue
 from ..util import chop_traceback
+from ..util import queue as sqla_queue
 from ..util import threading
 
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/processors.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/processors.py
index 46d5dcbc63..74a2fe54e6 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/processors.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/processors.py
@@ -14,8 +14,9 @@ They all share one common characteristic: None is passed through unchanged.
 """
 
 import codecs
-import re
 import datetime
+import re
+
 from . import util
 
 
@@ -101,19 +102,19 @@ def py_fallback():
 
         return process
 
-    def to_float(value):
+    def to_float(value):  # noqa
         if value is None:
             return None
         else:
             return float(value)
 
-    def to_str(value):
+    def to_str(value):  # noqa
         if value is None:
             return None
         else:
             return str(value)
 
-    def int_to_boolean(value):
+    def int_to_boolean(value):  # noqa
         if value is None:
             return None
         else:
@@ -125,25 +126,27 @@ def py_fallback():
     TIME_RE = re.compile(r"(\d+):(\d+):(\d+)(?:\.(\d+))?")
     DATE_RE = re.compile(r"(\d+)-(\d+)-(\d+)")
 
-    str_to_datetime = str_to_datetime_processor_factory(
+    str_to_datetime = str_to_datetime_processor_factory(  # noqa
         DATETIME_RE, datetime.datetime
     )
-    str_to_time = str_to_datetime_processor_factory(TIME_RE, datetime.time)
-    str_to_date = str_to_datetime_processor_factory(DATE_RE, datetime.date)
+    str_to_time = str_to_datetime_processor_factory(  # noqa
+        TIME_RE, datetime.time
+    )  # noqa
+    str_to_date = str_to_datetime_processor_factory(  # noqa
+        DATE_RE, datetime.date
+    )  # noqa
     return locals()
 
 
 try:
-    from sqlalchemy.cprocessors import (
-        UnicodeResultProcessor,
-        DecimalResultProcessor,
-        to_float,
-        to_str,
-        int_to_boolean,
-        str_to_datetime,
-        str_to_time,
-        str_to_date,
-    )
+    from sqlalchemy.cprocessors import DecimalResultProcessor  # noqa
+    from sqlalchemy.cprocessors import int_to_boolean  # noqa
+    from sqlalchemy.cprocessors import str_to_date  # noqa
+    from sqlalchemy.cprocessors import str_to_datetime  # noqa
+    from sqlalchemy.cprocessors import str_to_time  # noqa
+    from sqlalchemy.cprocessors import to_float  # noqa
+    from sqlalchemy.cprocessors import to_str  # noqa
+    from sqlalchemy.cprocessors import UnicodeResultProcessor  # noqa
 
     def to_unicode_processor_factory(encoding, errors=None):
         if errors is not None:
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/schema.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/schema.py
index 598d499dc8..199bb66dcd 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/schema.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/schema.py
@@ -9,60 +9,50 @@
 
 """
 
-from .sql.base import SchemaVisitor
-
-
-from .sql.schema import (
-    BLANK_SCHEMA,
-    CheckConstraint,
-    Column,
-    ColumnDefault,
-    Constraint,
-    DefaultClause,
-    DefaultGenerator,
-    FetchedValue,
-    ForeignKey,
-    ForeignKeyConstraint,
-    Index,
-    MetaData,
-    PassiveDefault,
-    PrimaryKeyConstraint,
-    SchemaItem,
-    Sequence,
-    Table,
-    ThreadLocalMetaData,
-    UniqueConstraint,
-    _get_table_key,
-    ColumnCollectionConstraint,
-    ColumnCollectionMixin,
-)
-
-
-from .sql.naming import conv
-
-
-from .sql.ddl import (
-    DDL,
-    CreateTable,
-    DropTable,
-    CreateSequence,
-    DropSequence,
-    CreateIndex,
-    DropIndex,
-    CreateSchema,
-    DropSchema,
-    _DropView,
-    CreateColumn,
-    AddConstraint,
-    DropConstraint,
-    DDLBase,
-    DDLElement,
-    _CreateDropBase,
-    _DDLCompiles,
-    sort_tables,
-    sort_tables_and_constraints,
-    SetTableComment,
-    DropTableComment,
-    SetColumnComment,
-    DropColumnComment,
-)
+from .sql.base import SchemaVisitor  # noqa
+from .sql.ddl import _CreateDropBase  # noqa
+from .sql.ddl import _DDLCompiles  # noqa
+from .sql.ddl import _DropView  # noqa
+from .sql.ddl import AddConstraint  # noqa
+from .sql.ddl import CreateColumn  # noqa
+from .sql.ddl import CreateIndex  # noqa
+from .sql.ddl import CreateSchema  # noqa
+from .sql.ddl import CreateSequence  # noqa
+from .sql.ddl import CreateTable  # noqa
+from .sql.ddl import DDL  # noqa
+from .sql.ddl import DDLBase  # noqa
+from .sql.ddl import DDLElement  # noqa
+from .sql.ddl import DropColumnComment  # noqa
+from .sql.ddl import DropConstraint  # noqa
+from .sql.ddl import DropIndex  # noqa
+from .sql.ddl import DropSchema  # noqa
+from .sql.ddl import DropSequence  # noqa
+from .sql.ddl import DropTable  # noqa
+from .sql.ddl import DropTableComment  # noqa
+from .sql.ddl import SetColumnComment  # noqa
+from .sql.ddl import SetTableComment  # noqa
+from .sql.ddl import sort_tables  # noqa
+from .sql.ddl import sort_tables_and_constraints  # noqa
+from .sql.naming import conv  # noqa
+from .sql.schema import _get_table_key  # noqa
+from .sql.schema import BLANK_SCHEMA  # noqa
+from .sql.schema import CheckConstraint  # noqa
+from .sql.schema import Column  # noqa
+from .sql.schema import ColumnCollectionConstraint  # noqa
+from .sql.schema import ColumnCollectionMixin  # noqa
+from .sql.schema import ColumnDefault  # noqa
+from .sql.schema import Constraint  # noqa
+from .sql.schema import DefaultClause  # noqa
+from .sql.schema import DefaultGenerator  # noqa
+from .sql.schema import FetchedValue  # noqa
+from .sql.schema import ForeignKey  # noqa
+from .sql.schema import ForeignKeyConstraint  # noqa
+from .sql.schema import Index  # noqa
+from .sql.schema import MetaData  # noqa
+from .sql.schema import PassiveDefault  # noqa
+from .sql.schema import PrimaryKeyConstraint  # noqa
+from .sql.schema import SchemaItem  # noqa
+from .sql.schema import Sequence  # noqa
+from .sql.schema import Table  # noqa
+from .sql.schema import ThreadLocalMetaData  # noqa
+from .sql.schema import UniqueConstraint  # noqa
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/__init__.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/__init__.py
index 87e2fb6c39..a46acc076d 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/__init__.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/__init__.py
@@ -5,77 +5,74 @@
 # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 
-from .expression import (
-    Alias,
-    ClauseElement,
-    ColumnCollection,
-    ColumnElement,
-    CompoundSelect,
-    Delete,
-    FromClause,
-    Insert,
-    Join,
-    Select,
-    Selectable,
-    TableClause,
-    TableSample,
-    Update,
-    alias,
-    and_,
-    any_,
-    all_,
-    asc,
-    between,
-    bindparam,
-    case,
-    cast,
-    collate,
-    column,
-    delete,
-    desc,
-    distinct,
-    except_,
-    except_all,
-    exists,
-    extract,
-    false,
-    False_,
-    func,
-    funcfilter,
-    insert,
-    intersect,
-    intersect_all,
-    join,
-    label,
-    lateral,
-    literal,
-    literal_column,
-    modifier,
-    not_,
-    null,
-    nullsfirst,
-    nullslast,
-    or_,
-    outerjoin,
-    outparam,
-    over,
-    quoted_name,
-    select,
-    subquery,
-    table,
-    tablesample,
-    text,
-    true,
-    True_,
-    tuple_,
-    type_coerce,
-    union,
-    union_all,
-    update,
-    within_group,
-)
-
-from .visitors import ClauseVisitor
+from .expression import Alias  # noqa
+from .expression import alias  # noqa
+from .expression import all_  # noqa
+from .expression import and_  # noqa
+from .expression import any_  # noqa
+from .expression import asc  # noqa
+from .expression import between  # noqa
+from .expression import bindparam  # noqa
+from .expression import case  # noqa
+from .expression import cast  # noqa
+from .expression import ClauseElement  # noqa
+from .expression import collate  # noqa
+from .expression import column  # noqa
+from .expression import ColumnCollection  # noqa
+from .expression import ColumnElement  # noqa
+from .expression import CompoundSelect  # noqa
+from .expression import Delete  # noqa
+from .expression import delete  # noqa
+from .expression import desc  # noqa
+from .expression import distinct  # noqa
+from .expression import except_  # noqa
+from .expression import except_all  # noqa
+from .expression import exists  # noqa
+from .expression import extract  # noqa
+from .expression import false  # noqa
+from .expression import False_  # noqa
+from .expression import FromClause  # noqa
+from .expression import func  # noqa
+from .expression import funcfilter  # noqa
+from .expression import Insert  # noqa
+from .expression import insert  # noqa
+from .expression import intersect  # noqa
+from .expression import intersect_all  # noqa
+from .expression import Join  # noqa
+from .expression import join  # noqa
+from .expression import label  # noqa
+from .expression import lateral  # noqa
+from .expression import literal  # noqa
+from .expression import literal_column  # noqa
+from .expression import modifier  # noqa
+from .expression import not_  # noqa
+from .expression import null  # noqa
+from .expression import nullsfirst  # noqa
+from .expression import nullslast  # noqa
+from .expression import or_  # noqa
+from .expression import outerjoin  # noqa
+from .expression import outparam  # noqa
+from .expression import over  # noqa
+from .expression import quoted_name  # noqa
+from .expression import Select  # noqa
+from .expression import select  # noqa
+from .expression import Selectable  # noqa
+from .expression import subquery  # noqa
+from .expression import table  # noqa
+from .expression import TableClause  # noqa
+from .expression import TableSample  # noqa
+from .expression import tablesample  # noqa
+from .expression import text  # noqa
+from .expression import true  # noqa
+from .expression import True_  # noqa
+from .expression import tuple_  # noqa
+from .expression import type_coerce  # noqa
+from .expression import union  # noqa
+from .expression import union_all  # noqa
+from .expression import Update  # noqa
+from .expression import update  # noqa
+from .expression import within_group  # noqa
+from .visitors import ClauseVisitor  # noqa
 
 
 def __go(lcls):
@@ -90,9 +87,11 @@ def __go(lcls):
         if not (name.startswith("_") or _inspect.ismodule(obj))
     )
 
-    from .annotation import _prepare_annotations, Annotated
-    from .elements import AnnotatedColumnElement, ClauseList
-    from .selectable import AnnotatedFromClause
+    from .annotation import _prepare_annotations
+    from .annotation import Annotated  # noqa
+    from .elements import AnnotatedColumnElement
+    from .elements import ClauseList  # noqa
+    from .selectable import AnnotatedFromClause  # noqa
 
     _prepare_annotations(ColumnElement, AnnotatedColumnElement)
     _prepare_annotations(FromClause, AnnotatedFromClause)
@@ -100,7 +99,7 @@ def __go(lcls):
 
     _sa_util.dependencies.resolve_all("sqlalchemy.sql")
 
-    from . import naming
+    from . import naming  # noqa
 
 
 __go(locals())
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/annotation.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/annotation.py
index 64cfa630e8..0dc70a8129 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/annotation.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/annotation.py
@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ associations.
 
 """
 
-from .. import util
 from . import operators
+from .. import util
 
 
 class Annotated(object):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/base.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/base.py
index 45db215fee..1de7c5ea63 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/base.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/base.py
@@ -10,11 +10,14 @@
 """
 
 
-from .. import util, exc
 import itertools
-from .visitors import ClauseVisitor
 import re
 
+from .visitors import ClauseVisitor
+from .. import exc
+from .. import util
+
+
 PARSE_AUTOCOMMIT = util.symbol("PARSE_AUTOCOMMIT")
 NO_ARG = util.symbol("NO_ARG")
 
@@ -517,7 +520,7 @@ class ColumnCollection(util.OrderedProperties):
     def __delitem__(self, key):
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
-    def __setattr__(self, key, object):
+    def __setattr__(self, key, obj):
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
     def __setitem__(self, key, value):
@@ -557,16 +560,16 @@ class ColumnCollection(util.OrderedProperties):
             c for c in self._all_columns if c is not column
         ]
 
-    def update(self, iter):
-        cols = list(iter)
+    def update(self, iter_):
+        cols = list(iter_)
         all_col_set = set(self._all_columns)
         self._all_columns.extend(
             c for label, c in cols if c not in all_col_set
         )
         self._data.update((label, c) for label, c in cols)
 
-    def extend(self, iter):
-        cols = list(iter)
+    def extend(self, iter_):
+        cols = list(iter_)
         all_col_set = set(self._all_columns)
         self._all_columns.extend(c for c in cols if c not in all_col_set)
         self._data.update((c.key, c) for c in cols)
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/compiler.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/compiler.py
index f641d0a844..c752da0136 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/compiler.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/compiler.py
@@ -24,19 +24,20 @@ To generate user-defined SQL strings, see
 """
 
 import contextlib
-import re
-from . import (
-    schema,
-    sqltypes,
-    operators,
-    functions,
-    visitors,
-    elements,
-    selectable,
-    crud,
-)
-from .. import util, exc
 import itertools
+import re
+
+from . import crud
+from . import elements
+from . import functions
+from . import operators
+from . import schema
+from . import selectable
+from . import sqltypes
+from . import visitors
+from .. import exc
+from .. import util
+
 
 RESERVED_WORDS = set(
     [
@@ -2392,11 +2393,7 @@ class SQLCompiler(Compiled):
         table_text = preparer.format_table(insert_stmt.table)
 
         if insert_stmt._hints:
-            dialect_hints, table_text = self._setup_crud_hints(
-                insert_stmt, table_text
-            )
-        else:
-            dialect_hints = None
+            _, table_text = self._setup_crud_hints(insert_stmt, table_text)
 
         text += table_text
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/crud.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/crud.py
index 602b91a255..6452badd24 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/crud.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/crud.py
@@ -9,11 +9,13 @@
 within INSERT and UPDATE statements.
 
 """
-from .. import util
-from .. import exc
+import operator
+
 from . import dml
 from . import elements
-import operator
+from .. import exc
+from .. import util
+
 
 REQUIRED = util.symbol(
     "REQUIRED",
@@ -97,9 +99,11 @@ def _get_crud_params(compiler, stmt, **kw):
     # getters - these are normally just column.key,
     # but in the case of mysql multi-table update, the rules for
     # .key must conditionally take tablename into account
-    _column_as_key, _getattr_col_key, _col_bind_name = _key_getters_for_crud_column(
-        compiler, stmt
-    )
+    (
+        _column_as_key,
+        _getattr_col_key,
+        _col_bind_name,
+    ) = _key_getters_for_crud_column(compiler, stmt)
 
     # if we have statement parameters - set defaults in the
     # compiled params
@@ -241,9 +245,12 @@ def _scan_insert_from_select_cols(
     kw,
 ):
 
-    need_pks, implicit_returning, implicit_return_defaults, postfetch_lastrowid = _get_returning_modifiers(
-        compiler, stmt
-    )
+    (
+        need_pks,
+        implicit_returning,
+        implicit_return_defaults,
+        postfetch_lastrowid,
+    ) = _get_returning_modifiers(compiler, stmt)
 
     cols = [stmt.table.c[_column_as_key(name)] for name in stmt.select_names]
 
@@ -286,9 +293,12 @@ def _scan_cols(
     kw,
 ):
 
-    need_pks, implicit_returning, implicit_return_defaults, postfetch_lastrowid = _get_returning_modifiers(
-        compiler, stmt
-    )
+    (
+        need_pks,
+        implicit_returning,
+        implicit_return_defaults,
+        postfetch_lastrowid,
+    ) = _get_returning_modifiers(compiler, stmt)
 
     if stmt._parameter_ordering:
         parameter_ordering = [
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/ddl.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/ddl.py
index f21b3d7f06..f247fa7823 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/ddl.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/ddl.py
@@ -10,12 +10,15 @@ to invoke them for a create/drop call.
 
 """
 
-from .. import util
+from .base import _bind_or_error
+from .base import _generative
+from .base import Executable
+from .base import SchemaVisitor
 from .elements import ClauseElement
-from .base import Executable, _generative, SchemaVisitor, _bind_or_error
-from ..util import topological
 from .. import event
 from .. import exc
+from .. import util
+from ..util import topological
 
 
 class _DDLCompiles(ClauseElement):
@@ -168,7 +171,7 @@ class DDLElement(Executable, _DDLCompiles):
 
             DDL('something').execute_if(dialect=('postgresql', 'mysql'))
 
-        :param callable_: A callable, which will be invoked with
+        :param callable\_: A callable, which will be invoked with
           four positional arguments as well as optional keyword
           arguments:
 
@@ -815,10 +818,13 @@ class SchemaGenerator(DDLBase):
             include_foreign_key_constraints = None
 
         self.connection.execute(
+            # fmt: off
             CreateTable(
                 table,
-                include_foreign_key_constraints=include_foreign_key_constraints,
+                include_foreign_key_constraints=  # noqa
+                    include_foreign_key_constraints,
             )
+            # fmt: on
         )
 
         if hasattr(table, "indexes"):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/default_comparator.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/default_comparator.py
index fa00521987..69196341f6 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/default_comparator.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/default_comparator.py
@@ -8,34 +8,34 @@
 """Default implementation of SQL comparison operations.
 """
 
-from .. import exc, util
-from . import type_api
 from . import operators
-from .elements import (
-    BindParameter,
-    True_,
-    False_,
-    BinaryExpression,
-    Null,
-    _const_expr,
-    _clause_element_as_expr,
-    ClauseList,
-    ColumnElement,
-    TextClause,
-    UnaryExpression,
-    collate,
-    _is_literal,
-    _literal_as_text,
-    ClauseElement,
-    and_,
-    or_,
-    Slice,
-    Visitable,
-    _literal_as_binds,
-    CollectionAggregate,
-    Tuple,
-)
-from .selectable import SelectBase, Alias, Selectable, ScalarSelect
+from . import type_api
+from .elements import _clause_element_as_expr
+from .elements import _const_expr
+from .elements import _is_literal
+from .elements import _literal_as_text
+from .elements import and_
+from .elements import BinaryExpression
+from .elements import BindParameter
+from .elements import ClauseElement
+from .elements import ClauseList
+from .elements import collate
+from .elements import CollectionAggregate
+from .elements import ColumnElement
+from .elements import False_
+from .elements import Null
+from .elements import or_
+from .elements import TextClause
+from .elements import True_
+from .elements import Tuple
+from .elements import UnaryExpression
+from .elements import Visitable
+from .selectable import Alias
+from .selectable import ScalarSelect
+from .selectable import Selectable
+from .selectable import SelectBase
+from .. import exc
+from .. import util
 
 
 def _boolean_compare(
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/dml.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/dml.py
index 0cea5ccc42..39a3b39d38 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/dml.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/dml.py
@@ -9,29 +9,22 @@ Provide :class:`.Insert`, :class:`.Update` and :class:`.Delete`.
 
 """
 
-from .base import (
-    Executable,
-    _generative,
-    _from_objects,
-    DialectKWArgs,
-    ColumnCollection,
-)
-from .elements import (
-    ClauseElement,
-    _literal_as_text,
-    Null,
-    and_,
-    _clone,
-    _column_as_key,
-)
-from .selectable import (
-    _interpret_as_from,
-    _interpret_as_select,
-    HasPrefixes,
-    HasCTE,
-)
-from .. import util
+from .base import _from_objects
+from .base import _generative
+from .base import DialectKWArgs
+from .base import Executable
+from .elements import _clone
+from .elements import _column_as_key
+from .elements import _literal_as_text
+from .elements import and_
+from .elements import ClauseElement
+from .elements import Null
+from .selectable import _interpret_as_from
+from .selectable import _interpret_as_select
+from .selectable import HasCTE
+from .selectable import HasPrefixes
 from .. import exc
+from .. import util
 
 
 class UpdateBase(
@@ -372,9 +365,10 @@ class ValuesBase(UpdateBase):
             v = {}
 
         if self.parameters is None:
-            self.parameters, self._has_multi_parameters = self._process_colparams(
-                v
-            )
+            (
+                self.parameters,
+                self._has_multi_parameters,
+            ) = self._process_colparams(v)
         else:
             if self._has_multi_parameters:
                 self.parameters = list(self.parameters)
@@ -714,17 +708,17 @@ class Update(ValuesBase):
           :meth:`.ResultProxy.last_updated_params`.
 
         :param preserve_parameter_order: if True, the update statement is
-          expected to receive parameters **only** via the :meth:`.Update.values`
-          method, and they must be passed as a Python ``list`` of 2-tuples.
-          The rendered UPDATE statement will emit the SET clause for each
-          referenced column maintaining this order.
+          expected to receive parameters **only** via the
+          :meth:`.Update.values` method, and they must be passed as a Python
+          ``list`` of 2-tuples. The rendered UPDATE statement will emit the SET
+          clause for each referenced column maintaining this order.
 
           .. versionadded:: 1.0.10
 
           .. seealso::
 
             :ref:`updates_order_parameters` - full example of the
-            :paramref:`~sqlalchemy.sql.expression.update.preserve_parameter_order` flag
+            :paramref:`~.update.preserve_parameter_order` flag
 
         If both ``values`` and compile-time bind parameters are present, the
         compile-time bind parameters override the information specified
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/elements.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/elements.py
index e857f2da85..858695719c 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/elements.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/elements.py
@@ -12,18 +12,25 @@
 
 from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
-from .. import util, exc, inspection
-from . import type_api
-from . import operators
-from .visitors import Visitable, cloned_traverse, traverse
-from .annotation import Annotated
 import itertools
-from .base import Executable, PARSE_AUTOCOMMIT, Immutable, NO_ARG
-from .base import _generative
 import numbers
-
-import re
 import operator
+import re
+
+from . import operators
+from . import type_api
+from .annotation import Annotated
+from .base import _generative
+from .base import Executable
+from .base import Immutable
+from .base import NO_ARG
+from .base import PARSE_AUTOCOMMIT
+from .visitors import cloned_traverse
+from .visitors import traverse
+from .visitors import Visitable
+from .. import exc
+from .. import inspection
+from .. import util
 
 
 def _clone(element, **kw):
@@ -450,7 +457,9 @@ class ClauseElement(Visitable):
         if util.py3k:
             return str(self.compile())
         else:
-            return unicode(self.compile()).encode("ascii", "backslashreplace")
+            return unicode(self.compile()).encode(  # noqa
+                "ascii", "backslashreplace"
+            )  # noqa
 
     def __and__(self, other):
         """'and' at the ClauseElement level.
@@ -1244,8 +1253,8 @@ class TypeClause(ClauseElement):
 
     __visit_name__ = "typeclause"
 
-    def __init__(self, type):
-        self.type = type
+    def __init__(self, type_):
+        self.type = type_
 
 
 class TextClause(Executable, ClauseElement):
@@ -1609,10 +1618,10 @@ class TextClause(Executable, ClauseElement):
             for id, name, timestamp in connection.execute(stmt):
                 print(id, name, timestamp)
 
-        The positional form of :meth:`.TextClause.columns` also provides
-        the unique feature of **positional column targeting**, which is
-        particularly useful when using the ORM with complex textual queries.
-        If we specify the columns from our model to :meth:`.TextClause.columns`,
+        The positional form of :meth:`.TextClause.columns` also provides the
+        unique feature of **positional column targeting**, which is
+        particularly useful when using the ORM with complex textual queries. If
+        we specify the columns from our model to :meth:`.TextClause.columns`,
         the result set will match to those columns positionally, meaning the
         name or origin of the column in the textual SQL doesn't matter::
 
@@ -2382,7 +2391,7 @@ class Cast(ColumnElement):
     __visit_name__ = "cast"
 
     def __init__(self, expression, type_):
-        """Produce a ``CAST`` expression.
+        r"""Produce a ``CAST`` expression.
 
         :func:`.cast` returns an instance of :class:`.Cast`.
 
@@ -2421,7 +2430,7 @@ class Cast(ColumnElement):
          expression or a Python string which will be coerced into a bound
          literal value.
 
-        :param type_: A :class:`.TypeEngine` class or instance indicating
+        :param type\_: A :class:`.TypeEngine` class or instance indicating
          the type to which the ``CAST`` should apply.
 
         .. seealso::
@@ -2465,7 +2474,7 @@ class TypeCoerce(ColumnElement):
     __visit_name__ = "type_coerce"
 
     def __init__(self, expression, type_):
-        """Associate a SQL expression with a particular type, without rendering
+        r"""Associate a SQL expression with a particular type, without rendering
         ``CAST``.
 
         E.g.::
@@ -2517,7 +2526,7 @@ class TypeCoerce(ColumnElement):
          expression or a Python string which will be coerced into a bound
          literal value.
 
-        :param type_: A :class:`.TypeEngine` class or instance indicating
+        :param type\_: A :class:`.TypeEngine` class or instance indicating
          the type to which the expression is coerced.
 
         .. seealso::
@@ -3234,7 +3243,7 @@ class Over(ColumnElement):
     def __init__(
         self, element, partition_by=None, order_by=None, range_=None, rows=None
     ):
-        """Produce an :class:`.Over` object against a function.
+        r"""Produce an :class:`.Over` object against a function.
 
         Used against aggregate or so-called "window" functions,
         for database backends that support window functions.
@@ -3253,11 +3262,13 @@ class Over(ColumnElement):
         mutually-exclusive parameters each accept a 2-tuple, which contains
         a combination of integers and None::
 
-            func.row_number().over(order_by=my_table.c.some_column, range_=(None, 0))
+            func.row_number().over(
+                order_by=my_table.c.some_column, range_=(None, 0))
 
         The above would produce::
 
-            ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY some_column RANGE BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW)
+            ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY some_column
+            RANGE BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW)
 
         A value of None indicates "unbounded", a
         value of zero indicates "current row", and negative / positive
@@ -3290,7 +3301,7 @@ class Over(ColumnElement):
         :param order_by: a column element or string, or a list
          of such, that will be used as the ORDER BY clause
          of the OVER construct.
-        :param range_: optional range clause for the window.  This is a
+        :param range\_: optional range clause for the window.  This is a
          tuple value which can contain integer values or None, and will
          render a RANGE BETWEEN PRECEDING / FOLLOWING clause
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/expression.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/expression.py
index aab9f46d43..d8e5f170af 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/expression.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/expression.py
@@ -81,80 +81,98 @@ __all__ = [
 ]
 
 
-from .visitors import Visitable
-from .functions import func, modifier, FunctionElement, Function
-from ..util.langhelpers import public_factory
-from .elements import (
-    ClauseElement,
-    ColumnElement,
-    BindParameter,
-    CollectionAggregate,
-    UnaryExpression,
-    BooleanClauseList,
-    Label,
-    Cast,
-    Case,
-    ColumnClause,
-    TextClause,
-    Over,
-    Null,
-    True_,
-    False_,
-    BinaryExpression,
-    Tuple,
-    TypeClause,
-    Extract,
-    Grouping,
-    WithinGroup,
-    not_,
-    quoted_name,
-    collate,
-    literal_column,
-    between,
-    literal,
-    outparam,
-    TypeCoerce,
-    ClauseList,
-    FunctionFilter,
-)
-
-from .elements import (
-    SavepointClause,
-    RollbackToSavepointClause,
-    ReleaseSavepointClause,
-)
-
-from .base import ColumnCollection, Generative, Executable, PARSE_AUTOCOMMIT
-
-from .selectable import (
-    Alias,
-    Join,
-    Select,
-    Selectable,
-    TableClause,
-    CompoundSelect,
-    CTE,
-    FromClause,
-    FromGrouping,
-    Lateral,
-    SelectBase,
-    alias,
-    GenerativeSelect,
-    subquery,
-    HasCTE,
-    HasPrefixes,
-    HasSuffixes,
-    lateral,
-    Exists,
-    ScalarSelect,
-    TextAsFrom,
-    TableSample,
-    tablesample,
-)
+from .base import _from_objects  # noqa
+from .base import ColumnCollection  # noqa
+from .base import Executable  # noqa
+from .base import Generative  # noqa
+from .base import PARSE_AUTOCOMMIT  # noqa
+from .dml import Delete  # noqa
+from .dml import Insert  # noqa
+from .dml import Update  # noqa
+from .dml import UpdateBase  # noqa
+from .dml import ValuesBase  # noqa
+from .elements import _clause_element_as_expr  # noqa
+from .elements import _clone  # noqa
+from .elements import _cloned_difference  # noqa
+from .elements import _cloned_intersection  # noqa
+from .elements import _column_as_key  # noqa
+from .elements import _corresponding_column_or_error  # noqa
+from .elements import _expression_literal_as_text  # noqa
+from .elements import _is_column  # noqa
+from .elements import _labeled  # noqa
+from .elements import _literal_as_binds  # noqa
+from .elements import _literal_as_label_reference  # noqa
+from .elements import _literal_as_text  # noqa
+from .elements import _only_column_elements  # noqa
+from .elements import _select_iterables  # noqa
+from .elements import _string_or_unprintable  # noqa
+from .elements import _truncated_label  # noqa
+from .elements import between  # noqa
+from .elements import BinaryExpression  # noqa
+from .elements import BindParameter  # noqa
+from .elements import BooleanClauseList  # noqa
+from .elements import Case  # noqa
+from .elements import Cast  # noqa
+from .elements import ClauseElement  # noqa
+from .elements import ClauseList  # noqa
+from .elements import collate  # noqa
+from .elements import CollectionAggregate  # noqa
+from .elements import ColumnClause  # noqa
+from .elements import ColumnElement  # noqa
+from .elements import Extract  # noqa
+from .elements import False_  # noqa
+from .elements import FunctionFilter  # noqa
+from .elements import Grouping  # noqa
+from .elements import Label  # noqa
+from .elements import literal  # noqa
+from .elements import literal_column  # noqa
+from .elements import not_  # noqa
+from .elements import Null  # noqa
+from .elements import outparam  # noqa
+from .elements import Over  # noqa
+from .elements import quoted_name  # noqa
+from .elements import ReleaseSavepointClause  # noqa
+from .elements import RollbackToSavepointClause  # noqa
+from .elements import SavepointClause  # noqa
+from .elements import TextClause  # noqa
+from .elements import True_  # noqa
+from .elements import Tuple  # noqa
+from .elements import TypeClause  # noqa
+from .elements import TypeCoerce  # noqa
+from .elements import UnaryExpression  # noqa
+from .elements import WithinGroup  # noqa
+from .functions import func  # noqa
+from .functions import Function  # noqa
+from .functions import FunctionElement  # noqa
+from .functions import modifier  # noqa
+from .selectable import _interpret_as_from  # noqa
+from .selectable import Alias  # noqa
+from .selectable import alias  # noqa
+from .selectable import CompoundSelect  # noqa
+from .selectable import CTE  # noqa
+from .selectable import Exists  # noqa
+from .selectable import FromClause  # noqa
+from .selectable import FromGrouping  # noqa
+from .selectable import GenerativeSelect  # noqa
+from .selectable import HasCTE  # noqa
+from .selectable import HasPrefixes  # noqa
+from .selectable import HasSuffixes  # noqa
+from .selectable import Join  # noqa
+from .selectable import Lateral  # noqa
+from .selectable import lateral  # noqa
+from .selectable import ScalarSelect  # noqa
+from .selectable import Select  # noqa
+from .selectable import Selectable  # noqa
+from .selectable import SelectBase  # noqa
+from .selectable import subquery  # noqa
+from .selectable import TableClause  # noqa
+from .selectable import TableSample  # noqa
+from .selectable import tablesample  # noqa
+from .selectable import TextAsFrom  # noqa
+from .visitors import Visitable  # noqa
+from ..util.langhelpers import public_factory  # noqa
 
 
-from .dml import Insert, Update, Delete, UpdateBase, ValuesBase
-
 # factory functions - these pull class-bound constructors and classmethods
 # from SQL elements and selectables into public functions.  This allows
 # the functions to be available in the sqlalchemy.sql.* namespace and
@@ -174,7 +192,7 @@ within_group = public_factory(WithinGroup, ".expression.within_group")
 label = public_factory(Label, ".expression.label")
 case = public_factory(Case, ".expression.case")
 cast = public_factory(Cast, ".expression.cast")
-extract = public_factory(Extract, ".expression.extract")
+extract = public_factory(Extract, ".exp  # noqaression.extract")
 tuple_ = public_factory(Tuple, ".expression.tuple_")
 except_ = public_factory(CompoundSelect._create_except, ".expression.except_")
 except_all = public_factory(
@@ -216,26 +234,6 @@ funcfilter = public_factory(FunctionFilter, ".expression.funcfilter")
 
 # internal functions still being called from tests and the ORM,
 # these might be better off in some other namespace
-from .base import _from_objects
-from .elements import (
-    _literal_as_text,
-    _clause_element_as_expr,
-    _is_column,
-    _labeled,
-    _only_column_elements,
-    _string_or_unprintable,
-    _truncated_label,
-    _clone,
-    _cloned_difference,
-    _cloned_intersection,
-    _column_as_key,
-    _literal_as_binds,
-    _select_iterables,
-    _corresponding_column_or_error,
-    _literal_as_label_reference,
-    _expression_literal_as_text,
-)
-from .selectable import _interpret_as_from
 
 
 # old names for compatibility
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.py
index 883bb8cc3c..e191cff155 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.py
@@ -8,30 +8,33 @@
 """SQL function API, factories, and built-in functions.
 
 """
-from . import sqltypes, schema
-from .base import Executable, ColumnCollection
-from .elements import (
-    ClauseList,
-    Cast,
-    Extract,
-    _literal_as_binds,
-    literal_column,
-    _type_from_args,
-    ColumnElement,
-    _clone,
-    Over,
-    BindParameter,
-    FunctionFilter,
-    Grouping,
-    WithinGroup,
-    BinaryExpression,
-)
-from .selectable import FromClause, Select, Alias
-from . import util as sqlutil
+from . import annotation
 from . import operators
+from . import schema
+from . import sqltypes
+from . import util as sqlutil
+from .base import ColumnCollection
+from .base import Executable
+from .elements import _clone
+from .elements import _literal_as_binds
+from .elements import _type_from_args
+from .elements import BinaryExpression
+from .elements import BindParameter
+from .elements import Cast
+from .elements import ClauseList
+from .elements import ColumnElement
+from .elements import Extract
+from .elements import FunctionFilter
+from .elements import Grouping
+from .elements import literal_column
+from .elements import Over
+from .elements import WithinGroup
+from .selectable import Alias
+from .selectable import FromClause
+from .selectable import Select
 from .visitors import VisitableType
 from .. import util
-from . import annotation
+
 
 _registry = util.defaultdict(dict)
 
@@ -718,19 +721,19 @@ class coalesce(ReturnTypeFromArgs):
     _has_args = True
 
 
-class max(ReturnTypeFromArgs):
+class max(ReturnTypeFromArgs):  # noqa
     pass
 
 
-class min(ReturnTypeFromArgs):
+class min(ReturnTypeFromArgs):  # noqa
     pass
 
 
-class sum(ReturnTypeFromArgs):
+class sum(ReturnTypeFromArgs):  # noqa
     pass
 
 
-class now(GenericFunction):
+class now(GenericFunction):  # noqa
     type = sqltypes.DateTime
 
 
@@ -813,7 +816,8 @@ class array_agg(GenericFunction):
     .. seealso::
 
         :func:`.postgresql.array_agg` - PostgreSQL-specific version that
-        returns :class:`.postgresql.ARRAY`, which has PG-specific operators added.
+        returns :class:`.postgresql.ARRAY`, which has PG-specific operators
+        added.
 
     """
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/naming.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/naming.py
index 144cc4dfc8..ec6bc6a3ba 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/naming.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/naming.py
@@ -10,21 +10,23 @@
 
 """
 
-from .schema import (
-    Constraint,
-    ForeignKeyConstraint,
-    PrimaryKeyConstraint,
-    UniqueConstraint,
-    CheckConstraint,
-    Index,
-    Table,
-    Column,
-)
-from .. import event, events
-from .. import exc
-from .elements import _truncated_label, _defer_name, _defer_none_name, conv
 import re
 
+from .elements import _defer_name
+from .elements import _defer_none_name
+from .elements import conv
+from .schema import CheckConstraint
+from .schema import Column
+from .schema import Constraint
+from .schema import ForeignKeyConstraint
+from .schema import Index
+from .schema import PrimaryKeyConstraint
+from .schema import Table
+from .schema import UniqueConstraint
+from .. import event
+from .. import events  # noqa
+from .. import exc
+
 
 class ConventionDict(object):
     def __init__(self, const, table, convention):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/operators.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/operators.py
index 2b843d751c..379e7337f2 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/operators.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/operators.py
@@ -10,29 +10,28 @@
 
 """Defines operators used in SQL expressions."""
 
+from operator import add
+from operator import and_
+from operator import contains
+from operator import eq
+from operator import ge
+from operator import getitem
+from operator import gt
+from operator import inv
+from operator import le
+from operator import lshift
+from operator import lt
+from operator import mod
+from operator import mul
+from operator import ne
+from operator import neg
+from operator import or_
+from operator import rshift
+from operator import sub
+from operator import truediv
+
 from .. import util
 
-from operator import (
-    and_,
-    or_,
-    inv,
-    add,
-    mul,
-    sub,
-    mod,
-    truediv,
-    lt,
-    le,
-    ne,
-    gt,
-    ge,
-    eq,
-    neg,
-    getitem,
-    lshift,
-    rshift,
-    contains,
-)
 
 if util.py2k:
     from operator import div
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/schema.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/schema.py
index d6c3f5000b..804c8bdb84 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/schema.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/schema.py
@@ -30,25 +30,30 @@ as components in SQL expressions.
 """
 from __future__ import absolute_import
 
-from .. import exc, util, event, inspection
-from .base import SchemaEventTarget, DialectKWArgs
-import operator
-from . import visitors
-from . import type_api
-from .base import _bind_or_error, ColumnCollection
-from .elements import (
-    ClauseElement,
-    ColumnClause,
-    _as_truncated,
-    TextClause,
-    _literal_as_text,
-    ColumnElement,
-    quoted_name,
-)
-from .selectable import TableClause
 import collections
+import operator
+
 import sqlalchemy
 from . import ddl
+from . import type_api
+from . import visitors
+from .base import _bind_or_error
+from .base import ColumnCollection
+from .base import DialectKWArgs
+from .base import SchemaEventTarget
+from .elements import _as_truncated
+from .elements import _literal_as_text
+from .elements import ClauseElement
+from .elements import ColumnClause
+from .elements import ColumnElement
+from .elements import quoted_name
+from .elements import TextClause
+from .selectable import TableClause
+from .. import event
+from .. import exc
+from .. import inspection
+from .. import util
+
 
 RETAIN_SCHEMA = util.symbol("retain_schema")
 
@@ -373,11 +378,11 @@ class Table(DialectKWArgs, SchemaItem, TableClause):
         the table resides in a schema other than the default selected schema
         for the engine's database connection.  Defaults to ``None``.
 
-        If the owning :class:`.MetaData` of this :class:`.Table` specifies
-        its own :paramref:`.MetaData.schema` parameter, then that schema
-        name will be applied to this :class:`.Table` if the schema parameter
-        here is set to ``None``.  To set a blank schema name on a :class:`.Table`
-        that would otherwise use the schema set on the owning :class:`.MetaData`,
+        If the owning :class:`.MetaData` of this :class:`.Table` specifies its
+        own :paramref:`.MetaData.schema` parameter, then that schema name will
+        be applied to this :class:`.Table` if the schema parameter here is set
+        to ``None``.  To set a blank schema name on a :class:`.Table` that
+        would otherwise use the schema set on the owning :class:`.MetaData`,
         specify the special symbol :attr:`.BLANK_SCHEMA`.
 
         .. versionadded:: 1.0.14  Added the :attr:`.BLANK_SCHEMA` symbol to
@@ -386,10 +391,9 @@ class Table(DialectKWArgs, SchemaItem, TableClause):
 
         The quoting rules for the schema name are the same as those for the
         ``name`` parameter, in that quoting is applied for reserved words or
-        case-sensitive names; to enable unconditional quoting for the
-        schema name, specify the flag
-        ``quote_schema=True`` to the constructor, or use the
-        :class:`.quoted_name` construct to specify the name.
+        case-sensitive names; to enable unconditional quoting for the schema
+        name, specify the flag ``quote_schema=True`` to the constructor, or use
+        the :class:`.quoted_name` construct to specify the name.
 
     :param useexisting: Deprecated.  Use :paramref:`.Table.extend_existing`.
 
@@ -1070,9 +1074,9 @@ class Column(DialectKWArgs, SchemaItem, ColumnClause):
                 Column('id', ForeignKey('other.id'),
                             primary_key=True, autoincrement='ignore_fk')
 
-            It is typically not desirable to have "autoincrement" enabled
-            on a column that refers to another via foreign key, as such a column
-            is required to refer to a value that originates from elsewhere.
+            It is typically not desirable to have "autoincrement" enabled on a
+            column that refers to another via foreign key, as such a column is
+            required to refer to a value that originates from elsewhere.
 
           The setting has these two effects on columns that meet the
           above criteria:
@@ -4021,8 +4025,8 @@ class MetaData(SchemaItem):
             To resolve these cycles, either the
             :paramref:`.ForeignKeyConstraint.use_alter` parameter may be appled
             to those constraints, or use the
-            :func:`.schema.sort_tables_and_constraints` function which will break
-            out foreign key constraints involved in cycles separately.
+            :func:`.schema.sort_tables_and_constraints` function which will
+            break out foreign key constraints involved in cycles separately.
 
         .. seealso::
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/selectable.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/selectable.py
index 1f1800514f..beba1d2429 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/selectable.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/selectable.py
@@ -10,50 +10,45 @@ SQL tables and derived rowsets.
 
 """
 
-from .elements import (
-    ClauseElement,
-    TextClause,
-    ClauseList,
-    and_,
-    Grouping,
-    UnaryExpression,
-    literal_column,
-    BindParameter,
-)
-from .elements import (
-    _clone,
-    _literal_as_text,
-    _interpret_as_column_or_from,
-    _expand_cloned,
-    _select_iterables,
-    _anonymous_label,
-    _clause_element_as_expr,
-    _cloned_intersection,
-    _cloned_difference,
-    True_,
-    _literal_as_label_reference,
-    _literal_and_labels_as_label_reference,
-)
-from .base import (
-    Immutable,
-    Executable,
-    _generative,
-    ColumnCollection,
-    ColumnSet,
-    _from_objects,
-    Generative,
-)
-from . import type_api
-from .. import inspection
-from .. import util
-from .. import exc
-from operator import attrgetter
-from . import operators
-import operator
 import collections
-from .annotation import Annotated
 import itertools
+import operator
+from operator import attrgetter
+
 from sqlalchemy.sql.visitors import Visitable
+from . import operators
+from . import type_api
+from .annotation import Annotated
+from .base import _from_objects
+from .base import _generative
+from .base import ColumnCollection
+from .base import ColumnSet
+from .base import Executable
+from .base import Generative
+from .base import Immutable
+from .elements import _anonymous_label
+from .elements import _clause_element_as_expr
+from .elements import _clone
+from .elements import _cloned_difference
+from .elements import _cloned_intersection
+from .elements import _expand_cloned
+from .elements import _interpret_as_column_or_from
+from .elements import _literal_and_labels_as_label_reference
+from .elements import _literal_as_label_reference
+from .elements import _literal_as_text
+from .elements import _select_iterables
+from .elements import and_
+from .elements import BindParameter
+from .elements import ClauseElement
+from .elements import ClauseList
+from .elements import Grouping
+from .elements import literal_column
+from .elements import TextClause
+from .elements import True_
+from .elements import UnaryExpression
+from .. import exc
+from .. import inspection
+from .. import util
 
 
 def _interpret_as_from(element):
@@ -1013,15 +1008,15 @@ class Join(FromClause):
         to join, or no way to join, an error is raised.
 
         :param ignore_nonexistent_tables:  Deprecated - this
-        flag is no longer used.  Only resolution errors regarding
-        the two given tables are propagated.
+         flag is no longer used.  Only resolution errors regarding
+         the two given tables are propagated.
 
         :param a_subset: An optional expression that is a sub-component
-        of ``a``.  An attempt will be made to join to just this sub-component
-        first before looking at the full ``a`` construct, and if found
-        will be successful even if there are other ways to join to ``a``.
-        This allows the "right side" of a join to be passed thereby
-        providing a "natural join".
+         of ``a``.  An attempt will be made to join to just this sub-component
+         first before looking at the full ``a`` construct, and if found
+         will be successful even if there are other ways to join to ``a``.
+         This allows the "right side" of a join to be passed thereby
+         providing a "natural join".
 
         """
         constraints = cls._joincond_scan_left_right(
@@ -1441,8 +1436,8 @@ class TableSample(Alias):
     """Represent a TABLESAMPLE clause.
 
     This object is constructed from the :func:`~.expression.tablesample` module
-    level function as well as the :meth:`.FromClause.tablesample` method available
-    on all :class:`.FromClause` subclasses.
+    level function as well as the :meth:`.FromClause.tablesample` method
+    available on all :class:`.FromClause` subclasses.
 
     .. versionadded:: 1.1
 
@@ -2813,8 +2808,8 @@ class Select(HasPrefixes, HasSuffixes, GenerativeSelect):
           a numerical value which usually renders as a ``LIMIT``
           expression in the resulting select.  Backends that don't
           support ``LIMIT`` will attempt to provide similar
-          functionality.    This parameter is typically specified more naturally
-          using the :meth:`.Select.limit` method on an existing
+          functionality.    This parameter is typically specified more
+          naturally using the :meth:`.Select.limit` method on an existing
           :class:`.Select`.
 
           .. seealso::
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/sqltypes.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/sqltypes.py
index 61fc6d3c96..65527645bc 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/sqltypes.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/sqltypes.py
@@ -9,35 +9,35 @@
 
 """
 
-import datetime as dt
 import codecs
-import collections
+import datetime as dt
+import decimal
 import json
 
 from . import elements
-from .type_api import (
-    TypeEngine,
-    TypeDecorator,
-    to_instance,
-    Variant,
-    Emulated,
-    NativeForEmulated,
-)
-from .elements import (
-    quoted_name,
-    TypeCoerce as type_coerce,
-    _defer_name,
-    Slice,
-    _literal_as_binds,
-)
-from .. import exc, util, processors
-from .base import _bind_or_error, SchemaEventTarget
 from . import operators
-from .. import inspection
+from . import type_api
+from .base import _bind_or_error
+from .base import SchemaEventTarget
+from .elements import _defer_name
+from .elements import _literal_as_binds
+from .elements import quoted_name
+from .elements import Slice
+from .elements import TypeCoerce as type_coerce  # noqa
+from .type_api import Emulated
+from .type_api import NativeForEmulated  # noqa
+from .type_api import to_instance
+from .type_api import TypeDecorator
+from .type_api import TypeEngine
+from .type_api import Variant
 from .. import event
-from ..util import pickle
+from .. import exc
+from .. import inspection
+from .. import processors
+from .. import util
 from ..util import compat
-import decimal
+from ..util import pickle
+
 
 if util.jython:
     import array
@@ -109,9 +109,11 @@ class Indexable(object):
             raise NotImplementedError()
 
         def __getitem__(self, index):
-            adjusted_op, adjusted_right_expr, result_type = self._setup_getitem(
-                index
-            )
+            (
+                adjusted_op,
+                adjusted_right_expr,
+                result_type,
+            ) = self._setup_getitem(index)
             return self.operate(
                 adjusted_op, adjusted_right_expr, result_type=result_type
             )
@@ -1661,8 +1663,8 @@ class Boolean(Emulated, TypeEngine, SchemaType):
 
     """A bool datatype.
 
-    :class:`.Boolean` typically uses BOOLEAN or SMALLINT on the DDL side, and on
-    the Python side deals in ``True`` or ``False``.
+    :class:`.Boolean` typically uses BOOLEAN or SMALLINT on the DDL side,
+    and on the Python side deals in ``True`` or ``False``.
 
     The :class:`.Boolean` datatype currently has two levels of assertion
     that the values persisted are simple true/false values.  For all
@@ -1938,16 +1940,17 @@ class JSON(Indexable, TypeEngine):
     just the basic type.
 
     Index operations return an expression object whose type defaults to
-    :class:`.JSON` by default, so that further JSON-oriented instructions
-    may be called upon the result type.   Note that there are backend-specific
-    idiosyncracies here, including that the PostgreSQL database does not generally
-    compare a "json" to a "json" structure without type casts.  These idiosyncracies
-    can be accommodated in a backend-neutral way by making explicit use
-    of the :func:`.cast` and :func:`.type_coerce` constructs.
-    Comparison of specific index elements of a :class:`.JSON` object
-    to other objects works best if the **left hand side is CAST to a string**
-    and the **right hand side is rendered as a JSON string**; a future SQLAlchemy
-    feature such as a generic "astext" modifier may simplify this at some point:
+    :class:`.JSON` by default, so that further JSON-oriented instructions may
+    be called upon the result type.   Note that there are backend-specific
+    idiosyncracies here, including that the PostgreSQL database does not
+    generally compare a "json" to a "json" structure without type casts.  These
+    idiosyncracies can be accommodated in a backend-neutral way by making
+    explicit use of the :func:`.cast` and :func:`.type_coerce` constructs.
+    Comparison of specific index elements of a :class:`.JSON` object to other
+    objects works best if the **left hand side is CAST to a string** and the
+    **right hand side is rendered as a JSON string**; a future SQLAlchemy
+    feature such as a generic "astext" modifier may simplify this at some
+    point:
 
     * **Compare an element of a JSON structure to a string**::
 
@@ -1973,9 +1976,9 @@ class JSON(Indexable, TypeEngine):
             data_table.c.data['some_key'], String
         ) == type_coerce(55, JSON)
 
-    * **Compare an element of a JSON structure to some other JSON structure** - note
-      that Python dictionaries are typically not ordered so care should be taken
-      here to assert that the JSON structures are identical::
+    * **Compare an element of a JSON structure to some other JSON structure**
+      - note that Python dictionaries are typically not ordered so care should
+      be taken here to assert that the JSON structures are identical::
 
         from sqlalchemy import cast, type_coerce
         from sqlalchemy import String, JSON
@@ -2050,8 +2053,11 @@ class JSON(Indexable, TypeEngine):
         from sqlalchemy import null
         from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import JSON
 
-        obj1 = MyObject(json_value=null())  # will *always* insert SQL NULL
-        obj2 = MyObject(json_value=JSON.NULL)  # will *always* insert JSON string "null"
+        # will *always* insert SQL NULL
+        obj1 = MyObject(json_value=null())
+
+        # will *always* insert JSON string "null"
+        obj2 = MyObject(json_value=JSON.NULL)
 
         session.add_all([obj1, obj2])
         session.commit()
@@ -2089,8 +2095,8 @@ class JSON(Indexable, TypeEngine):
 
               :paramref:`.JSON.none_as_null` does **not** apply to the
               values passed to :paramref:`.Column.default` and
-              :paramref:`.Column.server_default`; a value of ``None`` passed for
-              these parameters means "no default present".
+              :paramref:`.Column.server_default`; a value of ``None``
+              passed for these parameters means "no default present".
 
          .. seealso::
 
@@ -2238,11 +2244,11 @@ class ARRAY(SchemaEventTarget, Indexable, Concatenable, TypeEngine):
        with PostgreSQL, as it provides additional operators specific
        to that backend.
 
-    :class:`.types.ARRAY` is part of the Core in support of various SQL standard
-    functions such as :class:`.array_agg` which explicitly involve arrays;
-    however, with the exception of the PostgreSQL backend and possibly
-    some third-party dialects, no other SQLAlchemy built-in dialect has
-    support for this type.
+    :class:`.types.ARRAY` is part of the Core in support of various SQL
+    standard functions such as :class:`.array_agg` which explicitly involve
+    arrays; however, with the exception of the PostgreSQL backend and possibly
+    some third-party dialects, no other SQLAlchemy built-in dialect has support
+    for this type.
 
     An :class:`.types.ARRAY` type is constructed given the "type"
     of element::
@@ -2284,8 +2290,8 @@ class ARRAY(SchemaEventTarget, Indexable, Concatenable, TypeEngine):
       serves to define the kind of type that the ``[]`` operator should
       return, e.g. for an ARRAY of INTEGER with two dimensions::
 
-            >>> expr = table.c.column[5]  # returns ARRAY(Integer, dimensions=1)
-            >>> expr = expr[6]  # returns Integer
+          >>> expr = table.c.column[5]  # returns ARRAY(Integer, dimensions=1)
+          >>> expr = expr[6]  # returns Integer
 
     For 1-dimensional arrays, an :class:`.types.ARRAY` instance with no
     dimension parameter will generally assume single-dimensional behaviors.
@@ -2308,9 +2314,9 @@ class ARRAY(SchemaEventTarget, Indexable, Concatenable, TypeEngine):
         })
 
     The :class:`.types.ARRAY` type also provides for the operators
-    :meth:`.types.ARRAY.Comparator.any` and :meth:`.types.ARRAY.Comparator.all`.
-    The PostgreSQL-specific version of :class:`.types.ARRAY` also provides additional
-    operators.
+    :meth:`.types.ARRAY.Comparator.any` and
+    :meth:`.types.ARRAY.Comparator.all`. The PostgreSQL-specific version of
+    :class:`.types.ARRAY` also provides additional operators.
 
     .. versionadded:: 1.1.0
 
@@ -2780,10 +2786,10 @@ _type_map = {
 }
 
 if util.py3k:
-    _type_map[bytes] = LargeBinary()
+    _type_map[bytes] = LargeBinary()  # noqa
     _type_map[str] = Unicode()
 else:
-    _type_map[unicode] = Unicode()
+    _type_map[unicode] = Unicode()  # noqa
     _type_map[str] = String()
 
 _type_map_get = _type_map.get
@@ -2811,8 +2817,6 @@ def _resolve_value_to_type(value):
 
 
 # back-assign to type_api
-from . import type_api
-
 type_api.BOOLEANTYPE = BOOLEANTYPE
 type_api.STRINGTYPE = STRINGTYPE
 type_api.INTEGERTYPE = INTEGERTYPE
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/type_api.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/type_api.py
index 7fe7807832..647c3e776d 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/type_api.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/type_api.py
@@ -10,10 +10,13 @@
 """
 
 
-from .. import exc, util
 from . import operators
-from .visitors import Visitable, VisitableType
 from .base import SchemaEventTarget
+from .visitors import Visitable
+from .visitors import VisitableType
+from .. import exc
+from .. import util
+
 
 # these are back-assigned by sqltypes.
 BOOLEANTYPE = None
@@ -396,7 +399,7 @@ class TypeEngine(Visitable):
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
     def with_variant(self, type_, dialect_name):
-        """Produce a new type object that will utilize the given
+        r"""Produce a new type object that will utilize the given
         type when applied to the dialect of the given name.
 
         e.g.::
@@ -414,7 +417,7 @@ class TypeEngine(Visitable):
         itself provides a :meth:`.Variant.with_variant`
         that can be called repeatedly.
 
-        :param type_: a :class:`.TypeEngine` that will be selected
+        :param type\_: a :class:`.TypeEngine` that will be selected
          as a variant from the originating type, when a dialect
          of the given name is in use.
         :param dialect_name: base name of the dialect which uses
@@ -592,7 +595,9 @@ class TypeEngine(Visitable):
 
     def __str__(self):
         if util.py2k:
-            return unicode(self.compile()).encode("ascii", "backslashreplace")
+            return unicode(self.compile()).encode(  # noqa
+                "ascii", "backslashreplace"
+            )  # noqa
         else:
             return str(self.compile())
 
@@ -1407,11 +1412,11 @@ class Variant(TypeDecorator):
                 impl._set_parent_with_dispatch(parent)
 
     def with_variant(self, type_, dialect_name):
-        """Return a new :class:`.Variant` which adds the given
+        r"""Return a new :class:`.Variant` which adds the given
         type + dialect name to the mapping, in addition to the
         mapping present in this :class:`.Variant`.
 
-        :param type_: a :class:`.TypeEngine` that will be selected
+        :param type\_: a :class:`.TypeEngine` that will be selected
          as a variant from the originating type, when a dialect
          of the given name is in use.
         :param dialect_name: base name of the dialect which uses
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/util.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/util.py
index 4feaf99389..604b3cfd9c 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/util.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/util.py
@@ -9,41 +9,39 @@
 
 """
 
-from .. import exc, util
-from .base import _from_objects, ColumnSet
-from . import operators, visitors
-from itertools import chain
 from collections import deque
+from itertools import chain
 
-from .elements import (
-    BindParameter,
-    ColumnClause,
-    ColumnElement,
-    Null,
-    UnaryExpression,
-    literal_column,
-    Label,
-    _label_reference,
-    _textual_label_reference,
-)
-from .selectable import (
-    SelectBase,
-    ScalarSelect,
-    Join,
-    FromClause,
-    FromGrouping,
-)
+from . import operators
+from . import visitors
+from .annotation import _deep_annotate  # noqa
+from .annotation import _deep_deannotate  # noqa
+from .annotation import _shallow_annotate  # noqa
+from .base import _from_objects
+from .base import ColumnSet
+from .ddl import sort_tables  # noqa
+from .elements import _find_columns  # noqa
+from .elements import _label_reference
+from .elements import _textual_label_reference
+from .elements import BindParameter
+from .elements import ColumnClause
+from .elements import ColumnElement
+from .elements import Null
+from .elements import UnaryExpression
 from .schema import Column
+from .selectable import FromClause
+from .selectable import FromGrouping
+from .selectable import Join
+from .selectable import ScalarSelect
+from .selectable import SelectBase
+from .. import exc
+from .. import util
+
 
 join_condition = util.langhelpers.public_factory(
     Join._join_condition, ".sql.util.join_condition"
 )
 
-# names that are still being imported from the outside
-from .annotation import _shallow_annotate, _deep_annotate, _deep_deannotate
-from .elements import _find_columns
-from .ddl import sort_tables
-
 
 def find_join_source(clauses, join_to):
     """Given a list of FROM clauses and a selectable,
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/visitors.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/visitors.py
index bf17436436..d4b72dd597 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/visitors.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/visitors.py
@@ -25,9 +25,11 @@ http://techspot.zzzeek.org/2008/01/23/expression-transformations/
 """
 
 from collections import deque
-from .. import util
 import operator
+
 from .. import exc
+from .. import util
+
 
 __all__ = [
     "VisitableType",
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/__init__.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/__init__.py
index f46ca4528a..e41c3addf2 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/__init__.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/__init__.py
@@ -6,70 +6,58 @@
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 
 
-from .warnings import assert_warnings
-
-from . import config
-
-from .exclusions import (
-    db_spec,
-    _is_excluded,
-    fails_if,
-    skip_if,
-    future,
-    fails_on,
-    fails_on_everything_except,
-    skip,
-    only_on,
-    exclude,
-    against as _against,
-    _server_version,
-    only_if,
-    fails,
-)
+from . import config  # noqa
+from . import mock  # noqa
+from .assertions import assert_raises  # noqa
+from .assertions import assert_raises_message  # noqa
+from .assertions import AssertsCompiledSQL  # noqa
+from .assertions import AssertsExecutionResults  # noqa
+from .assertions import ComparesTables  # noqa
+from .assertions import emits_warning  # noqa
+from .assertions import emits_warning_on  # noqa
+from .assertions import eq_  # noqa
+from .assertions import eq_ignore_whitespace  # noqa
+from .assertions import eq_regex  # noqa
+from .assertions import expect_deprecated  # noqa
+from .assertions import expect_warnings  # noqa
+from .assertions import in_  # noqa
+from .assertions import is_  # noqa
+from .assertions import is_false  # noqa
+from .assertions import is_not_  # noqa
+from .assertions import is_true  # noqa
+from .assertions import le_  # noqa
+from .assertions import ne_  # noqa
+from .assertions import not_in_  # noqa
+from .assertions import startswith_  # noqa
+from .assertions import uses_deprecated  # noqa
+from .config import db  # noqa
+from .config import requirements as requires  # noqa
+from .exclusions import _is_excluded  # noqa
+from .exclusions import _server_version  # noqa
+from .exclusions import against as _against  # noqa
+from .exclusions import db_spec  # noqa
+from .exclusions import exclude  # noqa
+from .exclusions import fails  # noqa
+from .exclusions import fails_if  # noqa
+from .exclusions import fails_on  # noqa
+from .exclusions import fails_on_everything_except  # noqa
+from .exclusions import future  # noqa
+from .exclusions import only_if  # noqa
+from .exclusions import only_on  # noqa
+from .exclusions import skip  # noqa
+from .exclusions import skip_if  # noqa
+from .util import adict  # noqa
+from .util import fail  # noqa
+from .util import force_drop_names  # noqa
+from .util import provide_metadata  # noqa
+from .util import rowset  # noqa
+from .util import run_as_contextmanager  # noqa
+from .util import teardown_events  # noqa
+from .warnings import assert_warnings  # noqa
 
 
 def against(*queries):
     return _against(config._current, *queries)
 
 
-from .assertions import (
-    emits_warning,
-    emits_warning_on,
-    uses_deprecated,
-    eq_,
-    ne_,
-    le_,
-    is_,
-    is_not_,
-    startswith_,
-    assert_raises,
-    assert_raises_message,
-    AssertsCompiledSQL,
-    ComparesTables,
-    AssertsExecutionResults,
-    expect_deprecated,
-    expect_warnings,
-    in_,
-    not_in_,
-    eq_ignore_whitespace,
-    eq_regex,
-    is_true,
-    is_false,
-)
-
-from .util import (
-    run_as_contextmanager,
-    rowset,
-    fail,
-    provide_metadata,
-    adict,
-    force_drop_names,
-    teardown_events,
-)
-
 crashes = skip
-
-from .config import db
-from .config import requirements as requires
-
-from . import mock
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/assertions.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/assertions.py
index 73ab4556af..11b77d72ab 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/assertions.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/assertions.py
@@ -7,19 +7,26 @@
 
 from __future__ import absolute_import
 
-from . import util as testutil
-from sqlalchemy import pool, orm, util
-from sqlalchemy.engine import default, url
-from sqlalchemy.util import decorator, compat
-from sqlalchemy import types as sqltypes, schema, exc as sa_exc
-import warnings
+import contextlib
 import re
-from .exclusions import db_spec
+import warnings
+
 from . import assertsql
 from . import config
-from .util import fail
-import contextlib
 from . import mock
+from . import util as testutil
+from .exclusions import db_spec
+from .util import fail
+from .. import exc as sa_exc
+from .. import orm
+from .. import pool
+from .. import schema
+from .. import types as sqltypes
+from .. import util
+from ..engine import default
+from ..engine import url
+from ..util import compat
+from ..util import decorator
 
 
 def expect_warnings(*messages, **kw):
@@ -442,15 +449,15 @@ class AssertsExecutionResults(object):
         print(repr(result))
         self.assert_list(result, class_, objects)
 
-    def assert_list(self, result, class_, list):
+    def assert_list(self, result, class_, list_):
         self.assert_(
-            len(result) == len(list),
+            len(result) == len(list_),
             "result list is not the same size as test list, "
             + "for class "
             + class_.__name__,
         )
-        for i in range(0, len(list)):
-            self.assert_row(class_, result[i], list[i])
+        for i in range(0, len(list_)):
+            self.assert_row(class_, result[i], list_[i])
 
     def assert_row(self, class_, rowobj, desc):
         self.assert_(
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/assertsql.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/assertsql.py
index d8e924cb61..1d3cfe0e1e 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/assertsql.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/assertsql.py
@@ -5,15 +5,16 @@
 # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 
-from ..engine.default import DefaultDialect
-from .. import util
-import re
 import collections
 import contextlib
+import re
+
 from .. import event
-from sqlalchemy.schema import _DDLCompiles
-from sqlalchemy.engine.util import _distill_params
-from sqlalchemy.engine import url
+from .. import util
+from ..engine import url
+from ..engine.default import DefaultDialect
+from ..engine.util import _distill_params
+from ..schema import _DDLCompiles
 
 
 class AssertRule(object):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/engines.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/engines.py
index 074e3b3387..bfb1a24b5c 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/engines.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/engines.py
@@ -7,12 +7,14 @@
 
 from __future__ import absolute_import
 
+import re
+import warnings
 import weakref
+
 from . import config
 from .util import decorator
-from .. import event, pool
-import re
-import warnings
+from .. import event
+from .. import pool
 
 
 class ConnectionKiller(object):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/entities.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/entities.py
index 42c42149ca..a14304b972 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/entities.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/entities.py
@@ -6,7 +6,8 @@
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 
 import sqlalchemy as sa
-from sqlalchemy import exc as sa_exc
+from .. import exc as sa_exc
+
 
 _repr_stack = set()
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/exclusions.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/exclusions.py
index 9ed9e42c3a..ffca84af1f 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/exclusions.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/exclusions.py
@@ -10,11 +10,10 @@ import contextlib
 import operator
 import re
 
-from sqlalchemy.util.compat import inspect_getargspec
-
 from . import config
 from .. import util
 from ..util import decorator
+from ..util.compat import inspect_getargspec
 
 
 def skip_if(predicate, reason=None):
@@ -399,7 +398,7 @@ def db_spec(*dbs):
     return OrPredicate([Predicate.as_predicate(db) for db in dbs])
 
 
-def open():
+def open():  # noqa
     return skip_if(BooleanPredicate(False, "mark as execute"))
 
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/fixtures.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/fixtures.py
index 98184cdd47..b0f3590ee3 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/fixtures.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/fixtures.py
@@ -5,15 +5,21 @@
 # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 
+import sys
+
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from . import assertions
 from . import config
-from . import assertions, schema
+from . import schema
+from .engines import drop_all_tables
+from .entities import BasicEntity
+from .entities import ComparableEntity
 from .util import adict
+from .. import event
 from .. import util
-from .engines import drop_all_tables
-from .entities import BasicEntity, ComparableEntity
-import sys
-import sqlalchemy as sa
-from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base, DeclarativeMeta
+from ..ext.declarative import declarative_base
+from ..ext.declarative import DeclarativeMeta
+
 
 # whether or not we use unittest changes things dramatically,
 # as far as how py.test collection works.
@@ -220,9 +226,6 @@ class TablesTest(TestBase):
             )
 
 
-from sqlalchemy import event
-
-
 class RemovesEvents(object):
     @util.memoized_property
     def _event_fns(self):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/mock.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/mock.py
index dc530af5eb..0b84d7db81 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/mock.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/mock.py
@@ -8,13 +8,23 @@
 """Import stub for mock library.
 """
 from __future__ import absolute_import
+
 from ..util import py33
 
+
 if py33:
-    from unittest.mock import MagicMock, Mock, call, patch, ANY
+    from unittest.mock import MagicMock
+    from unittest.mock import Mock
+    from unittest.mock import call
+    from unittest.mock import patch
+    from unittest.mock import ANY
 else:
     try:
-        from mock import MagicMock, Mock, call, patch, ANY
+        from mock import MagicMock  # noqa
+        from mock import Mock  # noqa
+        from mock import call  # noqa
+        from mock import patch  # noqa
+        from mock import ANY  # noqa
     except ImportError:
         raise ImportError(
             "SQLAlchemy's test suite requires the "
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/plugin/bootstrap.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/plugin/bootstrap.py
index bb52c125c6..2230ae2a86 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/plugin/bootstrap.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/plugin/bootstrap.py
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ this should be removable when Alembic targets SQLAlchemy 1.0.0.
 import os
 import sys
 
+
 bootstrap_file = locals()["bootstrap_file"]
 to_bootstrap = locals()["to_bootstrap"]
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/plugin/noseplugin.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/plugin/noseplugin.py
index 0c28a52136..07185a9d7a 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/plugin/noseplugin.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/plugin/noseplugin.py
@@ -23,8 +23,9 @@ except ImportError:
 import os
 import sys
 
-from nose.plugins import Plugin
 import nose
+from nose.plugins import Plugin
+
 
 fixtures = None
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/plugin/plugin_base.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/plugin/plugin_base.py
index 5d6bf2975e..537ab06dc8 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/plugin/plugin_base.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/plugin/plugin_base.py
@@ -15,8 +15,9 @@ functionality via py.test.
 
 from __future__ import absolute_import
 
-import sys
 import re
+import sys
+
 
 py3k = sys.version_info >= (3, 0)
 
@@ -245,7 +246,8 @@ def post_begin():
 
     # late imports, has to happen after config as well
     # as nose plugins like coverage
-    global util, fixtures, engines, exclusions, assertions, warnings, profiling, config, testing
+    global util, fixtures, engines, exclusions, assertions
+    global warnings, profiling, config, testing
     from sqlalchemy import testing  # noqa
     from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures, engines, exclusions  # noqa
     from sqlalchemy.testing import assertions, warnings, profiling  # noqa
@@ -525,8 +527,8 @@ def generate_sub_tests(cls, module):
             # pytest junit plugin, which is tripped up by the brackets
             # and periods, so sanitize
 
-            alpha_name = re.sub("[_\[\]\.]+", "_", cfg.name)
-            alpha_name = re.sub("_+$", "", alpha_name)
+            alpha_name = re.sub(r"[_\[\]\.]+", "_", cfg.name)
+            alpha_name = re.sub(r"_+$", "", alpha_name)
             name = "%s_%s" % (cls.__name__, alpha_name)
             subcls = type(
                 name,
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/plugin/pytestplugin.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/plugin/pytestplugin.py
index fd0a484629..f42fc47914 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/plugin/pytestplugin.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/plugin/pytestplugin.py
@@ -5,12 +5,14 @@ except ImportError:
     # assume we're a package, use traditional import
     from . import plugin_base
 
-import pytest
 import argparse
-import inspect
 import collections
+import inspect
 import os
 
+import pytest
+
+
 try:
     import xdist  # noqa
 
@@ -44,7 +46,7 @@ def pytest_addoption(parser):
                     dest,
                     default=False,
                     required=False,
-                    help=None,
+                    help=None,  # noqa
                 ):
                     super(CallableAction, self).__init__(
                         option_strings=option_strings,
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/profiling.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/profiling.py
index 3986985c7f..753cfa5953 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/profiling.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/profiling.py
@@ -12,19 +12,24 @@ in a more fine-grained way than nose's profiling plugin.
 
 """
 
+import collections
+import contextlib
 import os
+import pstats
 import sys
-from .util import gc_collect
+
 from . import config
-import pstats
-import collections
-import contextlib
+from .util import gc_collect
+from ..util import jython
+from ..util import pypy
+from ..util import update_wrapper
+from ..util import win32
+
 
 try:
     import cProfile
 except ImportError:
     cProfile = None
-from ..util import jython, pypy, win32, update_wrapper
 
 _current_test = None
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/provision.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/provision.py
index 25028ccb3e..88dc28528a 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/provision.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/provision.py
@@ -1,13 +1,16 @@
-from sqlalchemy.engine import url as sa_url
-from sqlalchemy import create_engine
-from sqlalchemy import text
-from sqlalchemy import exc
-from sqlalchemy.util import compat
-from . import config, engines
 import collections
+import logging
 import os
 import time
-import logging
+
+from . import config
+from . import engines
+from .. import create_engine
+from .. import exc
+from .. import text
+from ..engine import url as sa_url
+from ..util import compat
+
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -190,6 +193,8 @@ def _pg_create_db(cfg, eng, ident):
                         template_db,
                     )
                     time.sleep(0.5)
+            except:
+                raise
             else:
                 break
 
@@ -395,7 +400,8 @@ def _mssql_drop_ignore(conn, ident):
     try:
         # typically when this happens, we can't KILL the session anyway,
         # so let the cleanup process drop the DBs
-        # for row in conn.execute("select session_id from sys.dm_exec_sessions "
+        # for row in conn.execute(
+        #     "select session_id from sys.dm_exec_sessions "
         #        "where database_id=db_id('%s')" % ident):
         #    log.info("killing SQL server sesssion %s", row['session_id'])
         #    conn.execute("kill %s" % row['session_id'])
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/replay_fixture.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/replay_fixture.py
index 9832b07a28..613d7572bb 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/replay_fixture.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/replay_fixture.py
@@ -1,13 +1,14 @@
-from . import fixtures
-from . import profiling
-from .. import util
-import types
 from collections import deque
 import contextlib
+import types
+
 from . import config
-from sqlalchemy import MetaData
-from sqlalchemy import create_engine
-from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from . import fixtures
+from . import profiling
+from .. import create_engine
+from .. import MetaData
+from .. import util
+from ..orm import Session
 
 
 class ReplayFixtureTest(fixtures.TestBase):
@@ -19,7 +20,10 @@ class ReplayFixtureTest(fixtures.TestBase):
 
         dbapi_session = ReplayableSession()
         creator = config.db.pool._creator
-        recorder = lambda: dbapi_session.recorder(creator())
+
+        def recorder():
+            return dbapi_session.recorder(creator())
+
         engine = create_engine(
             config.db.url, creator=recorder, use_native_hstore=False
         )
@@ -34,7 +38,9 @@ class ReplayFixtureTest(fixtures.TestBase):
             self.teardown_engine()
             engine.dispose()
 
-        player = lambda: dbapi_session.player()
+        def player():
+            return dbapi_session.player()
+
         engine = create_engine(
             config.db.url, creator=player, use_native_hstore=False
         )
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/requirements.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/requirements.py
index c96d26d322..941a9458b7 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/requirements.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/requirements.py
@@ -243,7 +243,9 @@ class SuiteRequirements(Requirements):
     @property
     def sane_rowcount_w_returning(self):
         return exclusions.fails_if(
-            lambda config: not config.db.dialect.supports_sane_rowcount_returning,
+            lambda config: not (
+                config.db.dialect.supports_sane_rowcount_returning
+            ),
             "driver doesn't support 'sane' rowcount when returning is on",
         )
 
@@ -758,12 +760,13 @@ class SuiteRequirements(Requirements):
         present in a subquery in the WHERE clause.
 
         This is an ANSI-standard syntax that apparently MySQL can't handle,
-        such as:
+        such as::
+
+            UPDATE documents SET flag=1 WHERE documents.title IN
+                (SELECT max(documents.title) AS title
+                    FROM documents GROUP BY documents.user_id
+                )
 
-        UPDATE documents SET flag=1 WHERE documents.title IN
-            (SELECT max(documents.title) AS title
-                FROM documents GROUP BY documents.user_id
-            )
         """
         return exclusions.open()
 
@@ -944,7 +947,7 @@ class SuiteRequirements(Requirements):
 
     def _has_cextensions(self):
         try:
-            from sqlalchemy import cresultproxy, cprocessors
+            from sqlalchemy import cresultproxy, cprocessors  # noqa
 
             return True
         except ImportError:
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/runner.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/runner.py
index 6aa820fd57..b4478bedcc 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/runner.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/runner.py
@@ -30,10 +30,10 @@ SQLAlchemy itself is possible.
 
 """
 
-from .plugin.noseplugin import NoseSQLAlchemy
-
 import nose
 
+from .plugin.noseplugin import NoseSQLAlchemy
+
 
 def main():
     nose.main(addplugins=[NoseSQLAlchemy()])
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/schema.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/schema.py
index b345a94874..c80325b7c2 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/schema.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/schema.py
@@ -5,11 +5,13 @@
 # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 
-from . import exclusions
-from .. import schema, event
 from . import config
+from . import exclusions
+from .. import event
+from .. import schema
+
 
-__all__ = "Table", "Column"
+__all__ = ["Table", "Column"]
 
 table_options = {}
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/__init__.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/__init__.py
index a4e142c5a3..465a6cfc57 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/__init__.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/__init__.py
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing.suite.test_cte import *
-from sqlalchemy.testing.suite.test_dialect import *
-from sqlalchemy.testing.suite.test_ddl import *
-from sqlalchemy.testing.suite.test_insert import *
-from sqlalchemy.testing.suite.test_sequence import *
-from sqlalchemy.testing.suite.test_select import *
-from sqlalchemy.testing.suite.test_results import *
-from sqlalchemy.testing.suite.test_update_delete import *
-from sqlalchemy.testing.suite.test_reflection import *
-from sqlalchemy.testing.suite.test_types import *
+from .test_cte import *  # noqa
+from .test_ddl import *  # noqa
+from .test_dialect import *  # noqa
+from .test_insert import *  # noqa
+from .test_reflection import *  # noqa
+from .test_results import *  # noqa
+from .test_select import *  # noqa
+from .test_sequence import *  # noqa
+from .test_types import *  # noqa
+from .test_update_delete import *  # noqa
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_cte.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_cte.py
index d2f35933bb..012de7911d 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_cte.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_cte.py
@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
-from .. import fixtures, config
+from .. import config
+from .. import fixtures
 from ..assertions import eq_
-
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, select
-from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
-from sqlalchemy import testing
-
-from ..schema import Table, Column
+from ..schema import Column
+from ..schema import Table
+from ... import ForeignKey
+from ... import Integer
+from ... import select
+from ... import String
+from ... import testing
 
 
 class CTETest(fixtures.TablesTest):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_ddl.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_ddl.py
index 7c44388d44..8317590c81 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_ddl.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_ddl.py
@@ -1,8 +1,12 @@
-from .. import fixtures, config, util
-from ..config import requirements
+from .. import config
+from .. import fixtures
+from .. import util
 from ..assertions import eq_
-
-from sqlalchemy import Table, Column, Integer, String
+from ..config import requirements
+from ... import Column
+from ... import Integer
+from ... import String
+from ... import Table
 
 
 class TableDDLTest(fixtures.TestBase):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_dialect.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_dialect.py
index 5e589f3b88..245ccc6f07 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_dialect.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_dialect.py
@@ -1,11 +1,16 @@
-from .. import fixtures, config
-from ..config import requirements
-from sqlalchemy import exc
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, select, literal_column
 from .. import assert_raises
-from ..schema import Table, Column
-from .. import provide_metadata
+from .. import config
 from .. import eq_
+from .. import fixtures
+from .. import provide_metadata
+from ..config import requirements
+from ..schema import Column
+from ..schema import Table
+from ... import exc
+from ... import Integer
+from ... import literal_column
+from ... import select
+from ... import String
 
 
 class ExceptionTest(fixtures.TablesTest):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_insert.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_insert.py
index 6257451eb0..1b14e8ed81 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_insert.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_insert.py
@@ -1,12 +1,15 @@
-from .. import fixtures, config
-from ..config import requirements
-from .. import exclusions
-from ..assertions import eq_
+from .. import config
 from .. import engines
-
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, select, literal_column, literal
-
-from ..schema import Table, Column
+from .. import fixtures
+from ..assertions import eq_
+from ..config import requirements
+from ..schema import Column
+from ..schema import Table
+from ... import Integer
+from ... import literal
+from ... import literal_column
+from ... import select
+from ... import String
 
 
 class LastrowidTest(fixtures.TablesTest):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_reflection.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_reflection.py
index bfed5f1ab5..96bd188eed 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_reflection.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_reflection.py
@@ -1,21 +1,30 @@
-import sqlalchemy as sa
-from sqlalchemy import exc as sa_exc
-from sqlalchemy import types as sql_types
-from sqlalchemy import inspect
-from sqlalchemy import MetaData, Integer, String, func
-from sqlalchemy.engine.reflection import Inspector
-from sqlalchemy.testing import engines, fixtures
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, is_, assert_raises_message
-from sqlalchemy import testing
-from .. import config
 import operator
-from sqlalchemy.schema import DDL, Index
-from sqlalchemy import event
-from sqlalchemy.sql.elements import quoted_name
-from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
 import re
 
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from .. import assert_raises_message
+from .. import config
+from .. import engines
+from .. import eq_
+from .. import fixtures
+from .. import is_
+from ..schema import Column
+from ..schema import Table
+from ... import event
+from ... import exc as sa_exc
+from ... import ForeignKey
+from ... import inspect
+from ... import Integer
+from ... import MetaData
+from ... import String
+from ... import testing
+from ... import types as sql_types
+from ...engine.reflection import Inspector
+from ...schema import DDL
+from ...schema import Index
+from ...sql.elements import quoted_name
+
+
 metadata, users = None, None
 
 
@@ -367,7 +376,9 @@ class ComponentReflectionTest(fixtures.TablesTest):
                 {"comment": "id comment", "name": "id"},
                 {"comment": "data % comment", "name": "data"},
                 {
-                    "comment": r"""Comment types type speedily ' " \ '' Fun!""",
+                    "comment": (
+                        r"""Comment types type speedily ' " \ '' Fun!"""
+                    ),
                     "name": "d2",
                 },
             ],
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_results.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_results.py
index 247f05cf5f..aa98a50882 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_results.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_results.py
@@ -1,13 +1,20 @@
-from .. import fixtures, config
-from ..config import requirements
-from .. import exclusions
-from ..assertions import eq_
+import datetime
+
+from .. import config
 from .. import engines
+from .. import fixtures
+from ..assertions import eq_
+from ..config import requirements
+from ..schema import Column
+from ..schema import Table
+from ... import DateTime
+from ... import func
+from ... import Integer
+from ... import select
+from ... import sql
+from ... import String
 from ... import testing
-
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, select, util, sql, DateTime, text, func
-import datetime
-from ..schema import Table, Column
+from ... import text
 
 
 class RowFetchTest(fixtures.TablesTest):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_select.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_select.py
index 032b68eb62..d265851419 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_select.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_select.py
@@ -1,14 +1,23 @@
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.mssql.base import MSDialect
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.oracle.base import OracleDialect
-from .. import fixtures, config
-from ..assertions import eq_, in_
-
-from sqlalchemy import util, case, null, true, false, or_
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, select, func, bindparam, union, tuple_
-from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy import literal_column
-
-from ..schema import Table, Column
+from .. import config
+from .. import fixtures
+from ..assertions import eq_
+from ..assertions import in_
+from ..schema import Column
+from ..schema import Table
+from ... import bindparam
+from ... import case
+from ... import false
+from ... import func
+from ... import Integer
+from ... import literal_column
+from ... import null
+from ... import select
+from ... import String
+from ... import testing
+from ... import true
+from ... import tuple_
+from ... import union
+from ... import util
 
 
 class CollateTest(fixtures.TablesTest):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_sequence.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_sequence.py
index 15a850fe9e..22ae7d43cf 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_sequence.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_sequence.py
@@ -1,12 +1,16 @@
-from .. import fixtures, config
-from ..config import requirements
+from .. import config
+from .. import fixtures
 from ..assertions import eq_
+from ..config import requirements
+from ..schema import Column
+from ..schema import Table
+from ... import Integer
+from ... import MetaData
+from ... import schema
+from ... import Sequence
+from ... import String
 from ... import testing
 
-from ... import Integer, String, Sequence, schema, MetaData
-
-from ..schema import Table, Column
-
 
 class SequenceTest(fixtures.TablesTest):
     __requires__ = ("sequences",)
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_types.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_types.py
index 6dfb80915a..ff8db5897c 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_types.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_types.py
@@ -1,33 +1,40 @@
 # coding: utf-8
 
-from .. import fixtures, config
+import datetime
+import decimal
+
+from .. import config
+from .. import fixtures
 from ..assertions import eq_
 from ..config import requirements
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, Unicode, UnicodeText, select, TIMESTAMP
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Date,
-    DateTime,
-    Time,
-    MetaData,
-    String,
-    Text,
-    Numeric,
-    Float,
-    literal,
-    Boolean,
-    cast,
-    null,
-    JSON,
-    and_,
-    type_coerce,
-    BigInteger,
-)
-from ..schema import Table, Column
+from ..schema import Column
+from ..schema import Table
+from ... import and_
+from ... import BigInteger
+from ... import Boolean
+from ... import cast
+from ... import Date
+from ... import DateTime
+from ... import Float
+from ... import Integer
+from ... import JSON
+from ... import literal
+from ... import MetaData
+from ... import null
+from ... import Numeric
+from ... import select
+from ... import String
 from ... import testing
-import decimal
-import datetime
-from ...util import u
+from ... import Text
+from ... import Time
+from ... import TIMESTAMP
+from ... import type_coerce
+from ... import Unicode
+from ... import UnicodeText
 from ... import util
+from ...ext.declarative import declarative_base
+from ...orm import Session
+from ...util import u
 
 
 class _LiteralRoundTripFixture(object):
@@ -341,7 +348,7 @@ class IntegerTest(_LiteralRoundTripFixture, fixtures.TestBase):
         if util.py3k:
             assert isinstance(row[0], int)
         else:
-            assert isinstance(row[0], (long, int))
+            assert isinstance(row[0], (long, int))  # noqa
 
 
 class NumericTest(_LiteralRoundTripFixture, fixtures.TestBase):
@@ -872,8 +879,6 @@ class JSONTest(_LiteralRoundTripFixture, fixtures.TablesTest):
             )
 
     def test_eval_none_flag_orm(self):
-        from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
-        from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 
         Base = declarative_base()
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_update_delete.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_update_delete.py
index b232c3a786..97bdf0ad76 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_update_delete.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/suite/test_update_delete.py
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
-from .. import fixtures, config
+from .. import config
+from .. import fixtures
 from ..assertions import eq_
-
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, String
-from ..schema import Table, Column
+from ..schema import Column
+from ..schema import Table
+from ... import Integer
+from ... import String
 
 
 class SimpleUpdateDeleteTest(fixtures.TablesTest):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/util.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/util.py
index 5b015d2142..214afa0782 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/util.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/util.py
@@ -5,14 +5,20 @@
 # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 
-from ..util import jython, pypy, defaultdict, decorator, py2k
 import decimal
 import gc
-import time
 import random
 import sys
+import time
 import types
 
+from ..util import decorator
+from ..util import defaultdict
+from ..util import jython
+from ..util import py2k
+from ..util import pypy
+
+
 if jython:
 
     def jython_gc_collect(*args):
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/warnings.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/warnings.py
index e0101b14d1..611389fe02 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/warnings.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/warnings.py
@@ -8,8 +8,9 @@
 from __future__ import absolute_import
 
 import warnings
-from .. import exc as sa_exc
+
 from . import assertions
+from .. import exc as sa_exc
 
 
 def setup_filters():
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/types.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/types.py
index e665828014..4cdc18d97a 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/types.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/types.py
@@ -59,63 +59,59 @@ __all__ = [
     "JSON",
 ]
 
-from .sql.type_api import (
-    adapt_type,
-    TypeEngine,
-    TypeDecorator,
-    Variant,
-    to_instance,
-    UserDefinedType,
-)
-from .sql.sqltypes import (
-    ARRAY,
-    BIGINT,
-    BINARY,
-    BLOB,
-    BOOLEAN,
-    BigInteger,
-    Binary,
-    _Binary,
-    Boolean,
-    CHAR,
-    CLOB,
-    Concatenable,
-    DATE,
-    DATETIME,
-    DECIMAL,
-    Date,
-    DateTime,
-    Enum,
-    FLOAT,
-    Float,
-    Indexable,
-    INT,
-    INTEGER,
-    Integer,
-    Interval,
-    JSON,
-    LargeBinary,
-    MatchType,
-    NCHAR,
-    NVARCHAR,
-    NullType,
-    NULLTYPE,
-    NUMERIC,
-    Numeric,
-    PickleType,
-    REAL,
-    SchemaType,
-    SMALLINT,
-    SmallInteger,
-    String,
-    STRINGTYPE,
-    TEXT,
-    TIME,
-    TIMESTAMP,
-    Text,
-    Time,
-    Unicode,
-    UnicodeText,
-    VARBINARY,
-    VARCHAR,
-)
+from .sql.sqltypes import _Binary  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import ARRAY  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import BIGINT  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import BigInteger  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import BINARY  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import Binary  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import BLOB  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import BOOLEAN  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import Boolean  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import CHAR  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import CLOB  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import Concatenable  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import DATE  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import Date  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import DATETIME  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import DateTime  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import DECIMAL  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import Enum  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import FLOAT  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import Float  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import Indexable  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import INT  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import INTEGER  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import Integer  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import Interval  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import JSON  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import LargeBinary  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import MatchType  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import NCHAR  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import NULLTYPE  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import NullType  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import NUMERIC  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import Numeric  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import NVARCHAR  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import PickleType  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import REAL  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import SchemaType  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import SMALLINT  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import SmallInteger  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import String  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import STRINGTYPE  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import TEXT  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import Text  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import TIME  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import Time  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import TIMESTAMP  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import Unicode  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import UnicodeText  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import VARBINARY  # noqa
+from .sql.sqltypes import VARCHAR  # noqa
+from .sql.type_api import adapt_type  # noqa
+from .sql.type_api import to_instance  # noqa
+from .sql.type_api import TypeDecorator  # noqa
+from .sql.type_api import TypeEngine  # noqa
+from .sql.type_api import UserDefinedType  # noqa
+from .sql.type_api import Variant  # noqa
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/util/__init__.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/util/__init__.py
index 103225e2a3..13bcc37e71 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/util/__init__.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/util/__init__.py
@@ -5,150 +5,142 @@
 # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
 # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 
-from .compat import (
-    callable,
-    cmp,
-    reduce,
-    threading,
-    py3k,
-    py33,
-    py36,
-    py2k,
-    jython,
-    pypy,
-    cpython,
-    win32,
-    pickle,
-    dottedgetter,
-    parse_qsl,
-    namedtuple,
-    next,
-    reraise,
-    raise_from_cause,
-    text_type,
-    safe_kwarg,
-    string_types,
-    int_types,
-    binary_type,
-    nested,
-    quote_plus,
-    with_metaclass,
-    print_,
-    itertools_filterfalse,
-    u,
-    ue,
-    b,
-    unquote_plus,
-    unquote,
-    b64decode,
-    b64encode,
-    byte_buffer,
-    itertools_filter,
-    iterbytes,
-    StringIO,
-    inspect_getargspec,
-    zip_longest,
-)
 
-from ._collections import (
-    KeyedTuple,
-    ImmutableContainer,
-    immutabledict,
-    Properties,
-    OrderedProperties,
-    ImmutableProperties,
-    OrderedDict,
-    OrderedSet,
-    IdentitySet,
-    OrderedIdentitySet,
-    column_set,
-    column_dict,
-    ordered_column_set,
-    populate_column_dict,
-    unique_list,
-    UniqueAppender,
-    PopulateDict,
-    EMPTY_SET,
-    to_list,
-    to_set,
-    to_column_set,
-    update_copy,
-    flatten_iterator,
-    has_intersection,
-    LRUCache,
-    ScopedRegistry,
-    ThreadLocalRegistry,
-    WeakSequence,
-    coerce_generator_arg,
-    lightweight_named_tuple,
-    collections_abc,
-    has_dupes,
-)
+from collections import defaultdict  # noqa
+from contextlib import contextmanager  # noqa
+from functools import partial  # noqa
+from functools import update_wrapper  # noqa
 
-from .langhelpers import (
-    iterate_attributes,
-    class_hierarchy,
-    portable_instancemethod,
-    unbound_method_to_callable,
-    getargspec_init,
-    format_argspec_init,
-    format_argspec_plus,
-    get_func_kwargs,
-    get_cls_kwargs,
-    decorator,
-    as_interface,
-    memoized_property,
-    memoized_instancemethod,
-    md5_hex,
-    group_expirable_memoized_property,
-    dependencies,
-    decode_slice,
-    monkeypatch_proxied_specials,
-    asbool,
-    bool_or_str,
-    coerce_kw_type,
-    duck_type_collection,
-    assert_arg_type,
-    symbol,
-    dictlike_iteritems,
-    classproperty,
-    set_creation_order,
-    warn_exception,
-    warn,
-    NoneType,
-    constructor_copy,
-    methods_equivalent,
-    chop_traceback,
-    asint,
-    generic_repr,
-    counter,
-    PluginLoader,
-    hybridproperty,
-    hybridmethod,
-    safe_reraise,
-    quoted_token_parser,
-    get_callable_argspec,
-    only_once,
-    attrsetter,
-    ellipses_string,
-    warn_limited,
-    map_bits,
-    MemoizedSlots,
-    EnsureKWArgType,
-    wrap_callable,
-)
+from ._collections import coerce_generator_arg  # noqa
+from ._collections import collections_abc  # noqa
+from ._collections import column_dict  # noqa
+from ._collections import column_set  # noqa
+from ._collections import EMPTY_SET  # noqa
+from ._collections import flatten_iterator  # noqa
+from ._collections import has_dupes  # noqa
+from ._collections import has_intersection  # noqa
+from ._collections import IdentitySet  # noqa
+from ._collections import ImmutableContainer  # noqa
+from ._collections import immutabledict  # noqa
+from ._collections import ImmutableProperties  # noqa
+from ._collections import KeyedTuple  # noqa
+from ._collections import lightweight_named_tuple  # noqa
+from ._collections import LRUCache  # noqa
+from ._collections import ordered_column_set  # noqa
+from ._collections import OrderedDict  # noqa
+from ._collections import OrderedIdentitySet  # noqa
+from ._collections import OrderedProperties  # noqa
+from ._collections import OrderedSet  # noqa
+from ._collections import populate_column_dict  # noqa
+from ._collections import PopulateDict  # noqa
+from ._collections import Properties  # noqa
+from ._collections import ScopedRegistry  # noqa
+from ._collections import ThreadLocalRegistry  # noqa
+from ._collections import to_column_set  # noqa
+from ._collections import to_list  # noqa
+from ._collections import to_set  # noqa
+from ._collections import unique_list  # noqa
+from ._collections import UniqueAppender  # noqa
+from ._collections import update_copy  # noqa
+from ._collections import WeakSequence  # noqa
+from .compat import b  # noqa
+from .compat import b64decode  # noqa
+from .compat import b64encode  # noqa
+from .compat import binary_type  # noqa
+from .compat import byte_buffer  # noqa
+from .compat import callable  # noqa
+from .compat import cmp  # noqa
+from .compat import cpython  # noqa
+from .compat import dottedgetter  # noqa
+from .compat import inspect_getargspec  # noqa
+from .compat import int_types  # noqa
+from .compat import iterbytes  # noqa
+from .compat import itertools_filter  # noqa
+from .compat import itertools_filterfalse  # noqa
+from .compat import jython  # noqa
+from .compat import namedtuple  # noqa
+from .compat import nested  # noqa
+from .compat import next  # noqa
+from .compat import parse_qsl  # noqa
+from .compat import pickle  # noqa
+from .compat import print_  # noqa
+from .compat import py2k  # noqa
+from .compat import py33  # noqa
+from .compat import py36  # noqa
+from .compat import py3k  # noqa
+from .compat import pypy  # noqa
+from .compat import quote_plus  # noqa
+from .compat import raise_from_cause  # noqa
+from .compat import reduce  # noqa
+from .compat import reraise  # noqa
+from .compat import safe_kwarg  # noqa
+from .compat import string_types  # noqa
+from .compat import StringIO  # noqa
+from .compat import text_type  # noqa
+from .compat import threading  # noqa
+from .compat import u  # noqa
+from .compat import ue  # noqa
+from .compat import unquote  # noqa
+from .compat import unquote_plus  # noqa
+from .compat import win32  # noqa
+from .compat import with_metaclass  # noqa
+from .compat import zip_longest  # noqa
+from .deprecations import deprecated  # noqa
+from .deprecations import inject_docstring_text  # noqa
+from .deprecations import pending_deprecation  # noqa
+from .deprecations import warn_deprecated  # noqa
+from .deprecations import warn_pending_deprecation  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import as_interface  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import asbool  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import asint  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import assert_arg_type  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import attrsetter  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import bool_or_str  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import chop_traceback  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import class_hierarchy  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import classproperty  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import coerce_kw_type  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import constructor_copy  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import counter  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import decode_slice  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import decorator  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import dependencies  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import dictlike_iteritems  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import duck_type_collection  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import ellipses_string  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import EnsureKWArgType  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import format_argspec_init  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import format_argspec_plus  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import generic_repr  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import get_callable_argspec  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import get_cls_kwargs  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import get_func_kwargs  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import getargspec_init  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import group_expirable_memoized_property  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import hybridmethod  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import hybridproperty  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import iterate_attributes  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import map_bits  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import md5_hex  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import memoized_instancemethod  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import memoized_property  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import MemoizedSlots  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import methods_equivalent  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import monkeypatch_proxied_specials  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import NoneType  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import only_once  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import PluginLoader  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import portable_instancemethod  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import quoted_token_parser  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import safe_reraise  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import set_creation_order  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import symbol  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import unbound_method_to_callable  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import warn  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import warn_exception  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import warn_limited  # noqa
+from .langhelpers import wrap_callable  # noqa
 
-from .deprecations import (
-    warn_deprecated,
-    warn_pending_deprecation,
-    deprecated,
-    pending_deprecation,
-    inject_docstring_text,
-)
 
 # things that used to be not always available,
 # but are now as of current support Python versions
-from collections import defaultdict
-from functools import partial
-from functools import update_wrapper
-from contextlib import contextmanager
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/util/_collections.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/util/_collections.py
index 67be0e6bfb..13575d12da 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/util/_collections.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/util/_collections.py
@@ -8,17 +8,17 @@
 """Collection classes and helpers."""
 
 from __future__ import absolute_import
-import weakref
+
 import operator
-from .compat import (
-    threading,
-    itertools_filterfalse,
-    string_types,
-    binary_types,
-    collections_abc,
-)
-from . import py2k
 import types
+import weakref
+
+from .compat import binary_types
+from .compat import collections_abc
+from .compat import itertools_filterfalse
+from .compat import py2k
+from .compat import string_types
+from .compat import threading
 
 
 EMPTY_SET = frozenset()
@@ -196,8 +196,8 @@ class Properties(object):
     def __add__(self, other):
         return list(self) + list(other)
 
-    def __setitem__(self, key, object):
-        self._data[key] = object
+    def __setitem__(self, key, obj):
+        self._data[key] = obj
 
     def __getitem__(self, key):
         return self._data[key]
@@ -339,7 +339,7 @@ class OrderedDict(dict):
         def iteritems(self):
             return iter(self.items())
 
-    def __setitem__(self, key, object):
+    def __setitem__(self, key, obj):
         if key not in self:
             try:
                 self._list.append(key)
@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@ class OrderedDict(dict):
                 # work around Python pickle loads() with
                 # dict subclass (seems to ignore __setstate__?)
                 self._list = [key]
-        dict.__setitem__(self, key, object)
+        dict.__setitem__(self, key, obj)
 
     def __delitem__(self, key):
         dict.__delitem__(self, key)
@@ -822,7 +822,7 @@ def to_list(x, default=None):
 
 
 def has_intersection(set_, iterable):
-    """return True if any items of set_ are present in iterable.
+    r"""return True if any items of set\_ are present in iterable.
 
     Goes through special effort to ensure __hash__ is not called
     on items in iterable that don't support it.
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/util/compat.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/util/compat.py
index 553624b49b..7963eebb61 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/util/compat.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/util/compat.py
@@ -9,10 +9,11 @@
 
 import collections
 import contextlib
-import sys
 import operator
+import sys
 import time
 
+
 py36 = sys.version_info >= (3, 6)
 py33 = sys.version_info >= (3, 3)
 py35 = sys.version_info >= (3, 5)
@@ -28,7 +29,7 @@ cpython = not pypy and not jython  # TODO: something better for this ?
 contextmanager = contextlib.contextmanager
 dottedgetter = operator.attrgetter
 namedtuple = collections.namedtuple
-next = next
+next = next  # noqa
 
 ArgSpec = collections.namedtuple(
     "ArgSpec", ["args", "varargs", "keywords", "defaults"]
@@ -37,12 +38,12 @@ ArgSpec = collections.namedtuple(
 try:
     import threading
 except ImportError:
-    import dummy_threading as threading
+    import dummy_threading as threading  # noqa
 
 
 # work around http://bugs.python.org/issue2646
 if py265:
-    safe_kwarg = lambda arg: arg
+    safe_kwarg = lambda arg: arg  # noqa
 else:
     safe_kwarg = str
 
@@ -112,41 +113,44 @@ if py3k:
         return s
 
     if py32:
-        callable = callable
+        callable = callable  # noqa
     else:
 
-        def callable(fn):
+        def callable(fn):  # noqa
             return hasattr(fn, "__call__")
 
 
 else:
     import base64
-    import ConfigParser as configparser
+    import ConfigParser as configparser  # noqa
     import itertools
 
-    from StringIO import StringIO
-    from cStringIO import StringIO as byte_buffer
-    from inspect import getargspec as inspect_getfullargspec
-    from itertools import izip_longest as zip_longest
-    from urllib import quote_plus, unquote_plus, quote, unquote
-    from urlparse import parse_qsl
+    from StringIO import StringIO  # noqa
+    from cStringIO import StringIO as byte_buffer  # noqa
+    from inspect import getargspec as inspect_getfullargspec  # noqa
+    from itertools import izip_longest as zip_longest  # noqa
+    from urllib import quote  # noqa
+    from urllib import quote_plus  # noqa
+    from urllib import unquote  # noqa
+    from urllib import unquote_plus  # noqa
+    from urlparse import parse_qsl  # noqa
 
     try:
         import cPickle as pickle
     except ImportError:
-        import pickle
+        import pickle  # noqa
 
-    string_types = (basestring,)
+    string_types = (basestring,)  # noqa
     binary_types = (bytes,)
     binary_type = str
-    text_type = unicode
-    int_types = int, long
+    text_type = unicode  # noqa
+    int_types = int, long  # noqa
 
     inspect_getargspec = inspect_getfullargspec
 
-    callable = callable
-    cmp = cmp
-    reduce = reduce
+    callable = callable  # noqa
+    cmp = cmp  # noqa
+    reduce = reduce  # noqa
 
     b64encode = base64.b64encode
     b64decode = base64.b64decode
@@ -177,7 +181,7 @@ else:
         if fp is None:
             return
         for arg in enumerate(args):
-            if not isinstance(arg, basestring):
+            if not isinstance(arg, basestring):  # noqa
                 arg = str(arg)
             fp.write(arg)
 
@@ -186,10 +190,10 @@ else:
         # strings - we only use u() with
         # literal source strings, and all our source files with non-ascii
         # in them (all are tests) are utf-8 encoded.
-        return unicode(s, "utf-8")
+        return unicode(s, "utf-8")  # noqa
 
     def ue(s):
-        return unicode(s, "unicode_escape")
+        return unicode(s, "unicode_escape")  # noqa
 
     # not as nice as that of Py3K, but at least preserves
     # the code line where the issue occurred
@@ -271,7 +275,7 @@ if py35:
 
 
 else:
-    from inspect import formatargspec as inspect_formatargspec
+    from inspect import formatargspec as inspect_formatargspec  # noqa
 
 
 if win32 or jython:
@@ -284,7 +288,7 @@ else:
 if py33:
     import collections.abc as collections_abc
 else:
-    import collections as collections_abc
+    import collections as collections_abc  # noqa
 
 
 @contextlib.contextmanager
@@ -299,22 +303,22 @@ def nested(*managers):
     """
 
     exits = []
-    vars = []
+    vars_ = []
     exc = (None, None, None)
     try:
         for mgr in managers:
-            exit = mgr.__exit__
+            exit_ = mgr.__exit__
             enter = mgr.__enter__
-            vars.append(enter())
-            exits.append(exit)
-        yield vars
+            vars_.append(enter())
+            exits.append(exit_)
+        yield vars_
     except:
         exc = sys.exc_info()
     finally:
         while exits:
-            exit = exits.pop()
+            exit_ = exits.pop()  # noqa
             try:
-                if exit(*exc):
+                if exit_(*exc):
                     exc = (None, None, None)
             except:
                 exc = sys.exc_info()
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/util/deprecations.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/util/deprecations.py
index e6612f075d..945323530b 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/util/deprecations.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/util/deprecations.py
@@ -8,10 +8,12 @@
 """Helpers related to deprecation of functions, methods, classes, other
 functionality."""
 
-from .. import exc
-import warnings
 import re
+import textwrap
+import warnings
+
 from .langhelpers import decorator
+from .. import exc
 
 
 def warn_deprecated(msg, stacklevel=3):
@@ -127,9 +129,6 @@ def _decorate_with_warning(func, wtype, message, docstring_header=None):
     return decorated
 
 
-import textwrap
-
-
 def _dedent_docstring(text):
     split_text = text.split("\n", 1)
     if len(split_text) == 1:
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/util/langhelpers.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/util/langhelpers.py
index 6a286998b4..49b5eb87fc 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/util/langhelpers.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/util/langhelpers.py
@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@
 modules, classes, hierarchies, attributes, functions, and methods.
 
 """
+from functools import update_wrapper
+import hashlib
 import inspect
 import itertools
 import operator
@@ -16,11 +18,10 @@ import re
 import sys
 import types
 import warnings
-from functools import update_wrapper
-from .. import exc
-import hashlib
-from . import compat
+
 from . import _collections
+from . import compat
+from .. import exc
 
 
 def md5_hex(x):
@@ -857,7 +858,10 @@ def memoized_instancemethod(fn):
 
     def oneshot(self, *args, **kw):
         result = fn(self, *args, **kw)
-        memo = lambda *a, **kw: result
+
+        def memo(*a, **kw):
+            return result
+
         memo.__name__ = fn.__name__
         memo.__doc__ = fn.__doc__
         self.__dict__[fn.__name__] = memo
@@ -914,7 +918,10 @@ class MemoizedSlots(object):
 
             def oneshot(*args, **kw):
                 result = fn(*args, **kw)
-                memo = lambda *a, **kw: result
+
+                def memo(*a, **kw):
+                    return result
+
                 memo.__name__ = fn.__name__
                 memo.__doc__ = fn.__doc__
                 setattr(self, key, memo)
@@ -928,8 +935,6 @@ class MemoizedSlots(object):
 
 def dependency_for(modulename, add_to_all=False):
     def decorate(obj):
-        # TODO: would be nice to improve on this import silliness,
-        # unfortunately importlib doesn't work that great either
         tokens = modulename.split(".")
         mod = compat.import_(
             ".".join(tokens[0:-1]), globals(), locals(), [tokens[-1]]
@@ -1461,7 +1466,7 @@ def attrsetter(attrname):
 
 
 class EnsureKWArgType(type):
-    """Apply translation of functions to accept **kw arguments if they
+    r"""Apply translation of functions to accept \**kw arguments if they
     don't already.
 
     """
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/util/queue.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/util/queue.py
index 5e56e855ae..bb5df99e9e 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/util/queue.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/util/queue.py
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ condition.
 
 from collections import deque
 from time import time as _time
+
 from .compat import threading
 
 
diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/util/topological.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/util/topological.py
index 95391c31b9..3cc5ef04fe 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/util/topological.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/util/topological.py
@@ -7,8 +7,9 @@
 
 """Topological sorting algorithms."""
 
-from ..exc import CircularDependencyError
 from .. import util
+from ..exc import CircularDependencyError
+
 
 __all__ = ["sort", "sort_as_subsets", "find_cycles"]
 
diff --git a/reap_dbs.py b/reap_dbs.py
index 10accde90f..1e4033be4b 100644
--- a/reap_dbs.py
+++ b/reap_dbs.py
@@ -10,10 +10,12 @@ running a kill of all detected sessions does not seem to release the
 database in process.
 
 """
-from sqlalchemy.testing import provision
 import logging
 import sys
 
+from sqlalchemy.testing import provision
+
+
 logging.basicConfig()
 logging.getLogger(provision.__name__).setLevel(logging.INFO)
 
diff --git a/setup.py b/setup.py
index 5c9d4e4f0d..0f5f9f4898 100644
--- a/setup.py
+++ b/setup.py
@@ -1,16 +1,19 @@
-import os
-import platform
-import re
-import sys
 from distutils.command.build_ext import build_ext
 from distutils.errors import CCompilerError
 from distutils.errors import DistutilsExecError
 from distutils.errors import DistutilsPlatformError
-from setuptools import Distribution as _Distribution, Extension
-from setuptools import setup
+import os
+import platform
+import re
+import sys
+
+from setuptools import Distribution as _Distribution
+from setuptools import Extension
 from setuptools import find_packages
+from setuptools import setup
 from setuptools.command.test import test as TestCommand
 
+
 cmdclass = {}
 if sys.version_info < (2, 7):
     raise Exception("SQLAlchemy requires Python 2.7 or higher.")
diff --git a/sqla_nose.py b/sqla_nose.py
index fe5c4d00bc..f5d548ad29 100755
--- a/sqla_nose.py
+++ b/sqla_nose.py
@@ -6,9 +6,11 @@ This script is a front-end to "nosetests" which
 installs SQLAlchemy's testing plugin into the local environment.
 
 """
+import os
 import sys
+
 import nose
-import os
+
 
 if not sys.flags.no_user_site:
     sys.path.insert(
@@ -16,6 +18,7 @@ if not sys.flags.no_user_site:
         os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)), 'lib')
     )
 
+
 # use bootstrapping so that test plugins are loaded
 # without touching the main library before coverage starts
 bootstrap_file = os.path.join(
@@ -29,5 +32,5 @@ with open(bootstrap_file) as f:
     exec(code, globals(), locals())
 
 
-from noseplugin import NoseSQLAlchemy
+from noseplugin import NoseSQLAlchemy  # noqa
 nose.main(addplugins=[NoseSQLAlchemy()])
diff --git a/test/aaa_profiling/test_compiler.py b/test/aaa_profiling/test_compiler.py
index e0f308814c..623efb9a04 100644
--- a/test/aaa_profiling/test_compiler.py
+++ b/test/aaa_profiling/test_compiler.py
@@ -1,6 +1,14 @@
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
 from sqlalchemy.engine import default
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures, AssertsExecutionResults, profiling
-from sqlalchemy import MetaData, Table, Column, Integer, String, select
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsExecutionResults
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import profiling
+
 
 t1 = t2 = None
 
diff --git a/test/aaa_profiling/test_memusage.py b/test/aaa_profiling/test_memusage.py
index a56fcd409a..0915244f74 100644
--- a/test/aaa_profiling/test_memusage.py
+++ b/test/aaa_profiling/test_memusage.py
@@ -1,35 +1,37 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    mapper,
-    relationship,
-    create_session,
-    clear_mappers,
-    sessionmaker,
-    aliased,
-    Session,
-    subqueryload,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.orm.mapper import _mapper_registry
-from sqlalchemy.orm.session import _sessions
-from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing import engines
-from sqlalchemy import MetaData, Integer, String, ForeignKey, Unicode, select
-import sqlalchemy as sa
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy.sql import column
-from sqlalchemy.processors import (
-    to_decimal_processor_factory,
-    to_unicode_processor_factory,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing.util import gc_collect
 import decimal
 import gc
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from sqlalchemy import util
-import weakref
 import itertools
-
 import multiprocessing
+import weakref
+
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import Unicode
+from sqlalchemy import util
+from sqlalchemy.orm import aliased
+from sqlalchemy.orm import clear_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
+from sqlalchemy.orm import subqueryload
+from sqlalchemy.orm.mapper import _mapper_registry
+from sqlalchemy.orm.session import _sessions
+from sqlalchemy.processors import to_decimal_processor_factory
+from sqlalchemy.processors import to_unicode_processor_factory
+from sqlalchemy.sql import column
+from sqlalchemy.testing import engines
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
+from sqlalchemy.testing.util import gc_collect
 
 
 class A(fixtures.ComparableEntity):
diff --git a/test/aaa_profiling/test_orm.py b/test/aaa_profiling/test_orm.py
index fc546de40e..2727f2d0a2 100644
--- a/test/aaa_profiling/test_orm.py
+++ b/test/aaa_profiling/test_orm.py
@@ -1,22 +1,23 @@
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, ForeignKey
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    mapper,
-    relationship,
-    sessionmaker,
-    Session,
-    defer,
-    joinedload,
-    defaultload,
-    selectinload,
-    Load,
-    configure_mappers,
-    Bundle,
-)
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing import profiling
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Bundle
+from sqlalchemy.orm import configure_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import defaultload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import defer
+from sqlalchemy.orm import joinedload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Load
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import selectinload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy.testing import profiling
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 
 
 class MergeTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
diff --git a/test/aaa_profiling/test_pool.py b/test/aaa_profiling/test_pool.py
index af9669294d..ece619fb5f 100644
--- a/test/aaa_profiling/test_pool.py
+++ b/test/aaa_profiling/test_pool.py
@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures, AssertsExecutionResults, profiling
-from sqlalchemy.pool import QueuePool
 from sqlalchemy import pool as pool_module
+from sqlalchemy.pool import QueuePool
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsExecutionResults
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import profiling
+
 
 pool = None
 
diff --git a/test/aaa_profiling/test_resultset.py b/test/aaa_profiling/test_resultset.py
index ab92ee94d9..8085d5e23a 100644
--- a/test/aaa_profiling/test_resultset.py
+++ b/test/aaa_profiling/test_resultset.py
@@ -1,18 +1,20 @@
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    MetaData,
-    Table,
-    Column,
-    String,
-    Unicode,
-    Integer,
-    create_engine,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures, AssertsExecutionResults, profiling
+import sys
+
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
 from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import Unicode
+from sqlalchemy.engine.result import RowProxy
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsExecutionResults
 from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import profiling
 from sqlalchemy.util import u
-from sqlalchemy.engine.result import RowProxy
-import sys
+
 
 NUM_FIELDS = 10
 NUM_RECORDS = 1000
diff --git a/test/aaa_profiling/test_zoomark.py b/test/aaa_profiling/test_zoomark.py
index 9ef824cf65..abe9943927 100644
--- a/test/aaa_profiling/test_zoomark.py
+++ b/test/aaa_profiling/test_zoomark.py
@@ -1,30 +1,30 @@
 from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
+import datetime
+
+from sqlalchemy import and_
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import Date
+from sqlalchemy import DateTime
+from sqlalchemy import Float
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import join
+from sqlalchemy import outerjoin
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import Sequence
+from sqlalchemy import Table
+from sqlalchemy import Time
+from sqlalchemy import Unicode
+from sqlalchemy.testing import replay_fixture
+
+
 """Benchmark for SQLAlchemy.
 
 An adaptation of Robert Brewers' ZooMark speed tests. """
 
 
-import datetime
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Table,
-    Column,
-    Integer,
-    Unicode,
-    Date,
-    DateTime,
-    Time,
-    Float,
-    Sequence,
-    ForeignKey,
-    select,
-    join,
-    and_,
-    outerjoin,
-    func,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing import replay_fixture
-
 ITERATIONS = 1
 
 
diff --git a/test/aaa_profiling/test_zoomark_orm.py b/test/aaa_profiling/test_zoomark_orm.py
index 19ef5b74ab..74b559ae95 100644
--- a/test/aaa_profiling/test_zoomark_orm.py
+++ b/test/aaa_profiling/test_zoomark_orm.py
@@ -1,29 +1,29 @@
 from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
+import datetime
+
+from sqlalchemy import and_
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import Date
+from sqlalchemy import DateTime
+from sqlalchemy import Float
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import Sequence
+from sqlalchemy import Table
+from sqlalchemy import Time
+from sqlalchemy import Unicode
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.testing import replay_fixture
+
+
 """Benchmark for SQLAlchemy.
 
 An adaptation of Robert Brewers' ZooMark speed tests. """
 
 
-import datetime
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Table,
-    Column,
-    Integer,
-    Unicode,
-    Date,
-    DateTime,
-    Time,
-    Float,
-    Sequence,
-    ForeignKey,
-    select,
-    and_,
-    func,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
-from sqlalchemy.testing import replay_fixture
-
 ITERATIONS = 1
 
 Zoo = Animal = session = None
@@ -360,9 +360,8 @@ class ZooMarkTest(replay_fixture.ReplayFixtureTest):
                     list(
                         self.session.query(Zoo).filter(
                             and_(
-                                Zoo.Founded != None,  # noqa
-                                Zoo.Founded < func.now(),
-                            )
+                                Zoo.Founded != None, Zoo.Founded < func.now()
+                            )  # noqa
                         )
                     )
                 )
diff --git a/test/base/test_dependency.py b/test/base/test_dependency.py
index 3376068f45..7af7fdc711 100644
--- a/test/base/test_dependency.py
+++ b/test/base/test_dependency.py
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
-from sqlalchemy.util import topological
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises, eq_
-from sqlalchemy.testing.util import conforms_partial_ordering
 from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.util import conforms_partial_ordering
+from sqlalchemy.util import topological
 
 
 class DependencySortTest(fixtures.TestBase):
diff --git a/test/base/test_events.py b/test/base/test_events.py
index 5cf5d89efe..3103b5f066 100644
--- a/test/base/test_events.py
+++ b/test/base/test_events.py
@@ -1,17 +1,17 @@
 """Test event registration and listening."""
 
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    eq_,
-    assert_raises,
-    assert_raises_message,
-    is_,
-    is_not_,
-)
-from sqlalchemy import event, exc
+from sqlalchemy import event
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_not_
+from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import call
+from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import Mock
 from sqlalchemy.testing.util import gc_collect
-from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import Mock, call
-from sqlalchemy import testing
 
 
 class EventsTest(fixtures.TestBase):
diff --git a/test/base/test_except.py b/test/base/test_except.py
index 2ace55e915..58943902ce 100644
--- a/test/base/test_except.py
+++ b/test/base/test_except.py
@@ -4,10 +4,11 @@
 
 
 from sqlalchemy import exc as sa_exceptions
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.engine import default
-from sqlalchemy.util import u, compat
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.util import compat
+from sqlalchemy.util import u
 
 
 class Error(Exception):
diff --git a/test/base/test_inspect.py b/test/base/test_inspect.py
index 933d72fe94..6c2cd0c08e 100644
--- a/test/base/test_inspect.py
+++ b/test/base/test_inspect.py
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 """test the inspection registry system."""
 
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, assert_raises_message
-from sqlalchemy import exc, util
-from sqlalchemy import inspection, inspect
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy import inspection
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
 
 
diff --git a/test/base/test_tutorials.py b/test/base/test_tutorials.py
index c409629c5f..b8322db0a9 100644
--- a/test/base/test_tutorials.py
+++ b/test/base/test_tutorials.py
@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 from __future__ import print_function
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from sqlalchemy.testing import config
+
 import doctest
 import logging
-import sys
-import re
 import os
+import re
+import sys
+
+from sqlalchemy.testing import config
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
 
 
 class DocTest(fixtures.TestBase):
diff --git a/test/base/test_utils.py b/test/base/test_utils.py
index 88b865b1d7..20b41101e2 100644
--- a/test/base/test_utils.py
+++ b/test/base/test_utils.py
@@ -1,15 +1,29 @@
 import copy
+import inspect
 import sys
 
-from sqlalchemy import util, sql, exc, testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises, assert_raises_message, fixtures
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, in_, is_, ne_, fails_if, mock
-from sqlalchemy.testing import expect_warnings
-from sqlalchemy.testing.util import picklers, gc_collect
-from sqlalchemy.util import classproperty, WeakSequence, get_callable_argspec
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import sql
+from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import util
 from sqlalchemy.sql import column
-from sqlalchemy.util import langhelpers, compat
-import inspect
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import expect_warnings
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fails_if
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import in_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import mock
+from sqlalchemy.testing import ne_
+from sqlalchemy.testing.util import gc_collect
+from sqlalchemy.testing.util import picklers
+from sqlalchemy.util import classproperty
+from sqlalchemy.util import compat
+from sqlalchemy.util import get_callable_argspec
+from sqlalchemy.util import langhelpers
+from sqlalchemy.util import WeakSequence
 
 
 class _KeyedTupleTest(object):
@@ -714,16 +728,16 @@ class ColumnCollectionTest(testing.AssertsCompiledSQL, fixtures.TestBase):
 class LRUTest(fixtures.TestBase):
     def test_lru(self):
         class item(object):
-            def __init__(self, id):
-                self.id = id
+            def __init__(self, id_):
+                self.id = id_
 
             def __str__(self):
                 return "item id %d" % self.id
 
         lru = util.LRUCache(10, threshold=0.2)
 
-        for id in range(1, 20):
-            lru[id] = item(id)
+        for id_ in range(1, 20):
+            lru[id_] = item(id_)
 
         # first couple of items should be gone
         assert 1 not in lru
diff --git a/test/conftest.py b/test/conftest.py
index 9b76b4e553..cdabc97850 100755
--- a/test/conftest.py
+++ b/test/conftest.py
@@ -6,8 +6,9 @@ This script is an extension to py.test which
 installs SQLAlchemy's testing plugin into the local environment.
 
 """
-import sys
 import os
+import sys
+
 
 if not sys.flags.no_user_site:
     # this is needed so that test scenarios like "python setup.py test"
diff --git a/test/dialect/mssql/test_compiler.py b/test/dialect/mssql/test_compiler.py
index 03172aeb31..9823faa814 100644
--- a/test/dialect/mssql/test_compiler.py
+++ b/test/dialect/mssql/test_compiler.py
@@ -1,32 +1,34 @@
 # -*- encoding: utf-8
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, is_
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import delete
+from sqlalchemy import extract
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Index
+from sqlalchemy import insert
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import literal
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import PrimaryKeyConstraint
 from sqlalchemy import schema
-from sqlalchemy.sql import table, column, quoted_name
-from sqlalchemy.dialects import mssql
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.mssql import mxodbc
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures, AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import Sequence
 from sqlalchemy import sql
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    Table,
-    Column,
-    select,
-    MetaData,
-    update,
-    delete,
-    insert,
-    extract,
-    union,
-    func,
-    PrimaryKeyConstraint,
-    UniqueConstraint,
-    Index,
-    Sequence,
-    literal,
-)
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
 from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import union
+from sqlalchemy import UniqueConstraint
+from sqlalchemy import update
+from sqlalchemy.dialects import mssql
 from sqlalchemy.dialects.mssql import base
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.mssql import mxodbc
+from sqlalchemy.sql import column
+from sqlalchemy.sql import quoted_name
+from sqlalchemy.sql import table
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
 
 
 class CompileTest(fixtures.TestBase, AssertsCompiledSQL):
@@ -310,7 +312,7 @@ class CompileTest(fixtures.TestBase, AssertsCompiledSQL):
 
         t = table("sometable", column("foo"))
 
-        for expr, compile in [
+        for expr, compiled in [
             (
                 select([literal("x"), literal("y")]),
                 "SELECT 'x' AS anon_1, 'y' AS anon_2",
@@ -322,7 +324,7 @@ class CompileTest(fixtures.TestBase, AssertsCompiledSQL):
             ),
             (t.c.foo.in_([None]), "sometable.foo IN (NULL)"),
         ]:
-            self.assert_compile(expr, compile, dialect=mxodbc_dialect)
+            self.assert_compile(expr, compiled, dialect=mxodbc_dialect)
 
     def test_in_with_subqueries(self):
         """Test removal of legacy behavior that converted "x==subquery"
diff --git a/test/dialect/mssql/test_engine.py b/test/dialect/mssql/test_engine.py
index 40d3894fb8..5f46c5377f 100644
--- a/test/dialect/mssql/test_engine.py
+++ b/test/dialect/mssql/test_engine.py
@@ -1,20 +1,24 @@
 # -*- encoding: utf-8
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, engines
-from sqlalchemy import *
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import engine_from_config
+from sqlalchemy import event
 from sqlalchemy import exc
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.mssql import pyodbc, pymssql, adodbapi
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
+from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.mssql import adodbapi
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.mssql import base
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.mssql import pymssql
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.mssql import pyodbc
 from sqlalchemy.engine import url
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_warnings
+from sqlalchemy.testing import engines
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import expect_warnings
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    assert_raises_message,
-    assert_warnings,
-    expect_warnings,
-)
 from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import Mock
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.mssql import base
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy import event
 
 
 class ParseConnectTest(fixtures.TestBase):
diff --git a/test/dialect/mssql/test_query.py b/test/dialect/mssql/test_query.py
index 4c35283b3a..ef8c63d6bc 100644
--- a/test/dialect/mssql/test_query.py
+++ b/test/dialect/mssql/test_query.py
@@ -1,28 +1,31 @@
 # -*- encoding: utf-8
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, engines
-from sqlalchemy.sql import table, column
-from sqlalchemy.databases import mssql
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures, AssertsCompiledSQL, assertions
+from sqlalchemy import and_
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import DDL
+from sqlalchemy import desc
+from sqlalchemy import event
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import or_
+from sqlalchemy import PrimaryKeyConstraint
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.util import ue
 from sqlalchemy import util
-from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import CursorSQL, DialectSQL
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    Table,
-    Column,
-    select,
-    MetaData,
-    func,
-    PrimaryKeyConstraint,
-    desc,
-    DDL,
-    ForeignKey,
-    or_,
-    and_,
-)
-from sqlalchemy import event
+from sqlalchemy.databases import mssql
+from sqlalchemy.sql import column
+from sqlalchemy.sql import table
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import engines
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import CursorSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import DialectSQL
+from sqlalchemy.util import ue
+
 
 metadata = None
 cattable = None
diff --git a/test/dialect/mssql/test_reflection.py b/test/dialect/mssql/test_reflection.py
index 47322ced64..29df870680 100644
--- a/test/dialect/mssql/test_reflection.py
+++ b/test/dialect/mssql/test_reflection.py
@@ -1,14 +1,29 @@
 # -*- encoding: utf-8
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, is_, in_
-from sqlalchemy import *
-from sqlalchemy import types, schema, event
-from sqlalchemy.databases import mssql
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures, AssertsCompiledSQL, ComparesTables
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import DDL
+from sqlalchemy import event
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Index
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import PrimaryKeyConstraint
+from sqlalchemy import schema
+from sqlalchemy import Table
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.engine.reflection import Inspector
+from sqlalchemy import types
 from sqlalchemy import util
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.mssql.information_schema import CoerceUnicode, tables
+from sqlalchemy.databases import mssql
 from sqlalchemy.dialects.mssql import base
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.mssql.information_schema import CoerceUnicode
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.mssql.information_schema import tables
+from sqlalchemy.engine.reflection import Inspector
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import ComparesTables
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import in_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import mock
 
 
diff --git a/test/dialect/mssql/test_types.py b/test/dialect/mssql/test_types.py
index 260d6d0dec..356057af16 100644
--- a/test/dialect/mssql/test_types.py
+++ b/test/dialect/mssql/test_types.py
@@ -1,48 +1,52 @@
 # -*- encoding: utf-8
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, engines, pickleable, assert_raises_message
-from sqlalchemy.testing import is_, is_not_
+import codecs
 import datetime
+import decimal
 import os
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Table,
-    Column,
-    MetaData,
-    Float,
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    Boolean,
-    Sequence,
-    Numeric,
-    select,
-    Date,
-    Time,
-    DateTime,
-    DefaultClause,
-    PickleType,
-    text,
-    Text,
-    UnicodeText,
-    LargeBinary,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.mssql import TIMESTAMP, ROWVERSION
-from sqlalchemy import types, schema
-from sqlalchemy import util
-from sqlalchemy.databases import mssql
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.mssql.base import TIME, _MSDate
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.mssql.base import MS_2005_VERSION, MS_2008_VERSION
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    fixtures,
-    AssertsExecutionResults,
-    ComparesTables,
-)
+
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from sqlalchemy import Boolean
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import Date
+from sqlalchemy import DateTime
+from sqlalchemy import DefaultClause
+from sqlalchemy import Float
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import LargeBinary
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import Numeric
+from sqlalchemy import PickleType
+from sqlalchemy import schema
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import Sequence
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
 from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import Text
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy import Time
+from sqlalchemy import types
+from sqlalchemy import UnicodeText
+from sqlalchemy.databases import mssql
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.mssql import ROWVERSION
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.mssql import TIMESTAMP
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.mssql.base import _MSDate
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.mssql.base import MS_2005_VERSION
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.mssql.base import MS_2008_VERSION
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.mssql.base import TIME
+from sqlalchemy.sql import sqltypes
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsExecutionResults
+from sqlalchemy.testing import ComparesTables
 from sqlalchemy.testing import emits_warning_on
-import decimal
+from sqlalchemy.testing import engines
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_not_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import pickleable
 from sqlalchemy.util import b
-from sqlalchemy import inspect
-from sqlalchemy.sql import sqltypes
-import sqlalchemy as sa
-import codecs
 
 
 class TimeTypeTest(fixtures.TestBase):
@@ -1068,10 +1072,10 @@ class BinaryTest(fixtures.TestBase):
 
         self._test_round_trip(type_(100), data, expected=paddedstream)
 
-    def _load_stream(self, name, len=3000):
+    def _load_stream(self, name, len_=3000):
         fp = open(
             os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "..", "..", name), "rb"
         )
-        stream = fp.read(len)
+        stream = fp.read(len_)
         fp.close()
         return stream
diff --git a/test/dialect/mysql/test_compiler.py b/test/dialect/mysql/test_compiler.py
index 79dff63a35..3b77e95f1d 100644
--- a/test/dialect/mysql/test_compiler.py
+++ b/test/dialect/mysql/test_compiler.py
@@ -1,55 +1,59 @@
 # coding: utf-8
 
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, assert_raises_message, expect_warnings
-from sqlalchemy import sql, exc, schema, types as sqltypes
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Table,
-    MetaData,
-    Column,
-    select,
-    String,
-    Index,
-    Integer,
-    ForeignKey,
-    PrimaryKeyConstraint,
-    extract,
-    VARCHAR,
-    NVARCHAR,
-    Unicode,
-    UnicodeText,
-    NUMERIC,
-    DECIMAL,
-    Numeric,
-    Float,
-    FLOAT,
-    TIMESTAMP,
-    DATE,
-    DATETIME,
-    TIME,
-    DateTime,
-    Time,
-    Date,
-    Interval,
-    NCHAR,
-    CHAR,
-    CLOB,
-    TEXT,
-    Boolean,
-    BOOLEAN,
-    LargeBinary,
-    BLOB,
-    SmallInteger,
-    INT,
-    func,
-    cast,
-    literal,
-)
-
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.mysql import insert
+from sqlalchemy import BLOB
+from sqlalchemy import BOOLEAN
+from sqlalchemy import Boolean
+from sqlalchemy import cast
+from sqlalchemy import CHAR
+from sqlalchemy import CLOB
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import DATE
+from sqlalchemy import Date
+from sqlalchemy import DATETIME
+from sqlalchemy import DateTime
+from sqlalchemy import DECIMAL
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import extract
+from sqlalchemy import FLOAT
+from sqlalchemy import Float
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Index
+from sqlalchemy import INT
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import Interval
+from sqlalchemy import LargeBinary
+from sqlalchemy import literal
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import NCHAR
+from sqlalchemy import NUMERIC
+from sqlalchemy import Numeric
+from sqlalchemy import NVARCHAR
+from sqlalchemy import PrimaryKeyConstraint
+from sqlalchemy import schema
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import SmallInteger
+from sqlalchemy import sql
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
+from sqlalchemy import TEXT
+from sqlalchemy import TIME
+from sqlalchemy import Time
+from sqlalchemy import TIMESTAMP
+from sqlalchemy import types as sqltypes
+from sqlalchemy import Unicode
+from sqlalchemy import UnicodeText
+from sqlalchemy import VARCHAR
 from sqlalchemy.dialects.mysql import base as mysql
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures, AssertsCompiledSQL
-from sqlalchemy.sql import table, column
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.mysql import insert
+from sqlalchemy.sql import column
+from sqlalchemy.sql import table
 from sqlalchemy.sql.expression import literal_column
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import expect_warnings
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
 
 
 class CompileTest(fixtures.TestBase, AssertsCompiledSQL):
diff --git a/test/dialect/mysql/test_dialect.py b/test/dialect/mysql/test_dialect.py
index ffcea3bd1b..8d0d60f1b5 100644
--- a/test/dialect/mysql/test_dialect.py
+++ b/test/dialect/mysql/test_dialect.py
@@ -1,14 +1,22 @@
 # coding: utf-8
 
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
-from sqlalchemy import *
-from sqlalchemy.engine.url import make_url
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures, expect_warnings
+import datetime
+
+from sqlalchemy import bindparam
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import DateTime
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import Table
 from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy.dialects import mysql
+from sqlalchemy.engine.url import make_url
 from sqlalchemy.testing import engines
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import expect_warnings
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
 from ...engine import test_execute
-import datetime
-from sqlalchemy.dialects import mysql
 
 
 class DialectTest(fixtures.TestBase):
diff --git a/test/dialect/mysql/test_for_update.py b/test/dialect/mysql/test_for_update.py
index 197c9d6937..3537c3220d 100644
--- a/test/dialect/mysql/test_for_update.py
+++ b/test/dialect/mysql/test_for_update.py
@@ -5,12 +5,16 @@ See #4246
 """
 import contextlib
 
-from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, ForeignKey, update
-from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship, Session, joinedload
+from sqlalchemy import Column
 from sqlalchemy import exc
-
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
 from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import update
+from sqlalchemy.orm import joinedload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
 
 
 class MySQLForUpdateLockingTest(fixtures.DeclarativeMappedTest):
diff --git a/test/dialect/mysql/test_on_duplicate.py b/test/dialect/mysql/test_on_duplicate.py
index 04072d4a9c..0c6f479290 100644
--- a/test/dialect/mysql/test_on_duplicate.py
+++ b/test/dialect/mysql/test_on_duplicate.py
@@ -1,8 +1,15 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import eq_, assert_raises
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from sqlalchemy import exc, testing
+from sqlalchemy import Boolean
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
+from sqlalchemy import testing
 from sqlalchemy.dialects.mysql import insert
-from sqlalchemy import Table, Column, Boolean, Integer, String, func
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import eq_
 
 
 class OnDuplicateTest(fixtures.TablesTest):
@@ -71,9 +78,10 @@ class OnDuplicateTest(fixtures.TablesTest):
             stmt = insert(foos)
             update_condition = foos.c.updated_once == False
 
-            # The following statements show importance of the columns update ordering
-            # as old values being referenced in UPDATE clause are getting replaced one
-            # by one from left to right with their new values.
+            # The following statements show importance of the columns update
+            # ordering as old values being referenced in UPDATE clause are
+            # getting replaced one by one from left to right with their new
+            # values.
             stmt1 = stmt.on_duplicate_key_update(
                 [
                     (
diff --git a/test/dialect/mysql/test_query.py b/test/dialect/mysql/test_query.py
index ecd79257f0..e492f1e17f 100644
--- a/test/dialect/mysql/test_query.py
+++ b/test/dialect/mysql/test_query.py
@@ -1,9 +1,24 @@
 # coding: utf-8
 
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, is_
-from sqlalchemy import *
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy import all_
+from sqlalchemy import and_
+from sqlalchemy import any_
+from sqlalchemy import Boolean
+from sqlalchemy import cast
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import false
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import or_
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
 from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import true
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
 
 
 class IdiosyncrasyTest(fixtures.TestBase):
diff --git a/test/dialect/mysql/test_reflection.py b/test/dialect/mysql/test_reflection.py
index 2ad63ec2a6..c42a3be402 100644
--- a/test/dialect/mysql/test_reflection.py
+++ b/test/dialect/mysql/test_reflection.py
@@ -1,39 +1,41 @@
 # coding: utf-8
 
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, is_
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Column,
-    Table,
-    DDL,
-    MetaData,
-    TIMESTAMP,
-    DefaultClause,
-    String,
-    Integer,
-    Text,
-    UnicodeText,
-    SmallInteger,
-    NCHAR,
-    LargeBinary,
-    DateTime,
-    select,
-    UniqueConstraint,
-    Unicode,
-    BigInteger,
-    Index,
-    ForeignKey,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.schema import CreateIndex
+import re
+
+from sqlalchemy import BigInteger
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import DateTime
+from sqlalchemy import DDL
+from sqlalchemy import DefaultClause
 from sqlalchemy import event
-from sqlalchemy import sql
 from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Index
 from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import LargeBinary
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import NCHAR
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import SmallInteger
+from sqlalchemy import sql
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
+from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import Text
+from sqlalchemy import TIMESTAMP
+from sqlalchemy import Unicode
+from sqlalchemy import UnicodeText
+from sqlalchemy import UniqueConstraint
 from sqlalchemy.dialects.mysql import base as mysql
 from sqlalchemy.dialects.mysql import reflection as _reflection
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures, AssertsCompiledSQL
-from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message, expect_warnings
-import re
+from sqlalchemy.schema import CreateIndex
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import expect_warnings
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
 
 
 class TypeReflectionTest(fixtures.TestBase):
@@ -623,7 +625,10 @@ class ReflectionTest(fixtures.TestBase, AssertsCompiledSQL):
                     "nullable": False,
                     "default": None
                     if explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
-                    else "%(current_timestamp)s ON UPDATE %(current_timestamp)s"
+                    else (
+                        "%(current_timestamp)s "
+                        "ON UPDATE %(current_timestamp)s"
+                    )
                     % {"current_timestamp": current_timestamp},
                 },
                 {"name": "s", "nullable": False, "default": current_timestamp},
@@ -634,7 +639,10 @@ class ReflectionTest(fixtures.TestBase, AssertsCompiledSQL):
                     else False,
                     "default": None
                     if explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
-                    else "%(current_timestamp)s ON UPDATE %(current_timestamp)s"
+                    else (
+                        "%(current_timestamp)s "
+                        "ON UPDATE %(current_timestamp)s"
+                    )
                     % {"current_timestamp": current_timestamp},
                 },
                 {
diff --git a/test/dialect/mysql/test_types.py b/test/dialect/mysql/test_types.py
index 07c007c532..ed5bbcb2be 100644
--- a/test/dialect/mysql/test_types.py
+++ b/test/dialect/mysql/test_types.py
@@ -1,21 +1,36 @@
 # coding: utf-8
 
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, assert_raises, assert_raises_message, is_
-from sqlalchemy import *
-from sqlalchemy import sql, exc, schema
-from sqlalchemy.util import u
-from sqlalchemy import util
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.mysql import base as mysql
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    fixtures,
-    AssertsCompiledSQL,
-    AssertsExecutionResults,
-)
-from sqlalchemy import testing
+from collections import OrderedDict
 import datetime
 import decimal
+
+from sqlalchemy import BOOLEAN
+from sqlalchemy import Boolean
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import DefaultClause
+from sqlalchemy import Enum
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import schema
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import sql
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
+from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import TIMESTAMP
 from sqlalchemy import types as sqltypes
-from collections import OrderedDict
+from sqlalchemy import UnicodeText
+from sqlalchemy import util
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.mysql import base as mysql
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsExecutionResults
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from sqlalchemy.util import u
 
 
 class TypesTest(
@@ -1219,14 +1234,12 @@ class EnumSetTest(
         # latin-1 stuff forcing its way in ?
 
         eq_(
-            t2.c.value.type.enums[0:2],
-            [u("réveillé"), u("drôle")],  # u'S’il') # eh ?
-        )
+            t2.c.value.type.enums[0:2], [u("réveillé"), u("drôle")]
+        )  # u'S’il') # eh ?
 
         eq_(
-            t2.c.value2.type.enums[0:2],
-            [u("réveillé"), u("drôle")],  # u'S’il') # eh ?
-        )
+            t2.c.value2.type.enums[0:2], [u("réveillé"), u("drôle")]
+        )  # u'S’il') # eh ?
 
     def test_enum_compile(self):
         e1 = Enum("x", "y", "z", name="somename")
diff --git a/test/dialect/oracle/test_compiler.py b/test/dialect/oracle/test_compiler.py
index 2edf5848e9..a9c84ba49e 100644
--- a/test/dialect/oracle/test_compiler.py
+++ b/test/dialect/oracle/test_compiler.py
@@ -1,70 +1,37 @@
 # coding: utf-8
 
 
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
-from sqlalchemy import types as sqltypes, exc, schema
-from sqlalchemy.sql import table, column
 from sqlalchemy import and_
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    fixtures,
-    AssertsExecutionResults,
-    AssertsCompiledSQL,
-)
-from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Integer,
-    Text,
-    LargeBinary,
-    Unicode,
-    UniqueConstraint,
-    Index,
-    MetaData,
-    select,
-    inspect,
-    ForeignKey,
-    String,
-    func,
-    TypeDecorator,
-    bindparam,
-    Numeric,
-    TIMESTAMP,
-    CHAR,
-    text,
-    literal_column,
-    VARCHAR,
-    create_engine,
-    Date,
-    NVARCHAR,
-    ForeignKeyConstraint,
-    Sequence,
-    Float,
-    DateTime,
-    cast,
-    UnicodeText,
-    union,
-    except_,
-    type_coerce,
-    or_,
-    outerjoin,
-    DATE,
-    NCHAR,
-    outparam,
-    PrimaryKeyConstraint,
-    FLOAT,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.util import u, b
-from sqlalchemy import util
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises, assert_raises_message
-from sqlalchemy.testing.engines import testing_engine
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.oracle import cx_oracle, base as oracle
-from sqlalchemy.engine import default
-import decimal
-from sqlalchemy.engine import url
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-import datetime
-import os
+from sqlalchemy import bindparam
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import except_
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Index
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import or_
+from sqlalchemy import outerjoin
+from sqlalchemy import schema
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import Sequence
 from sqlalchemy import sql
-from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import Mock
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy import type_coerce
+from sqlalchemy import TypeDecorator
+from sqlalchemy import union
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.oracle import base as oracle
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.oracle import cx_oracle
+from sqlalchemy.engine import default
+from sqlalchemy.sql import column
+from sqlalchemy.sql import table
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 
 
 class CompileTest(fixtures.TestBase, AssertsCompiledSQL):
diff --git a/test/dialect/oracle/test_dialect.py b/test/dialect/oracle/test_dialect.py
index cfb90c25f4..8d0e371881 100644
--- a/test/dialect/oracle/test_dialect.py
+++ b/test/dialect/oracle/test_dialect.py
@@ -1,34 +1,34 @@
 # coding: utf-8
 
 
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy import bindparam
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
 from sqlalchemy import exc
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    fixtures,
-    AssertsExecutionResults,
-    AssertsCompiledSQL,
-)
+from sqlalchemy import Float
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import literal_column
+from sqlalchemy import outparam
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import Sequence
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy import create_engine
-from sqlalchemy import bindparam, outparam
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    text,
-    Float,
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    select,
-    literal_column,
-    Unicode,
-    UnicodeText,
-    Sequence,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.util import u
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises, assert_raises_message
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.oracle import cx_oracle, base as oracle
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy import Unicode
+from sqlalchemy import UnicodeText
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.oracle import base as oracle
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.oracle import cx_oracle
 from sqlalchemy.engine import url
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import Mock
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsExecutionResults
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
 from sqlalchemy.testing import mock
+from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import Mock
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
+from sqlalchemy.util import u
 
 
 class DialectTest(fixtures.TestBase):
diff --git a/test/dialect/oracle/test_reflection.py b/test/dialect/oracle/test_reflection.py
index a88703ab0b..6c36c0a6bb 100644
--- a/test/dialect/oracle/test_reflection.py
+++ b/test/dialect/oracle/test_reflection.py
@@ -1,62 +1,35 @@
 # coding: utf-8
 
 
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, is_
 from sqlalchemy import exc
-from sqlalchemy.sql import table
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures, AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy import FLOAT
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKeyConstraint
+from sqlalchemy import Index
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy import INTEGER
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import Numeric
+from sqlalchemy import PrimaryKeyConstraint
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Integer,
-    Text,
-    LargeBinary,
-    Unicode,
-    UniqueConstraint,
-    Index,
-    MetaData,
-    select,
-    inspect,
-    ForeignKey,
-    String,
-    func,
-    TypeDecorator,
-    bindparam,
-    Numeric,
-    TIMESTAMP,
-    CHAR,
-    text,
-    literal_column,
-    VARCHAR,
-    create_engine,
-    Date,
-    NVARCHAR,
-    ForeignKeyConstraint,
-    Sequence,
-    Float,
-    DateTime,
-    cast,
-    UnicodeText,
-    union,
-    except_,
-    type_coerce,
-    or_,
-    outerjoin,
-    DATE,
-    NCHAR,
-    outparam,
-    PrimaryKeyConstraint,
-    FLOAT,
-    INTEGER,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.oracle.base import (
-    NUMBER,
-    BINARY_DOUBLE,
-    BINARY_FLOAT,
-    DOUBLE_PRECISION,
-)
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy import Unicode
+from sqlalchemy import UniqueConstraint
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.oracle.base import BINARY_DOUBLE
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.oracle.base import BINARY_FLOAT
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.oracle.base import DOUBLE_PRECISION
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.oracle.base import NUMBER
 from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
 from sqlalchemy.testing.engines import testing_engine
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 
 
 class MultiSchemaTest(fixtures.TestBase, AssertsCompiledSQL):
diff --git a/test/dialect/oracle/test_types.py b/test/dialect/oracle/test_types.py
index 6d93d6501d..476159da19 100644
--- a/test/dialect/oracle/test_types.py
+++ b/test/dialect/oracle/test_types.py
@@ -1,73 +1,52 @@
 # coding: utf-8
 
 
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
-from sqlalchemy import types as sqltypes, exc, schema
-from sqlalchemy.sql import table, column
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    fixtures,
-    AssertsExecutionResults,
-    AssertsCompiledSQL,
-)
-from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Integer,
-    Text,
-    LargeBinary,
-    Unicode,
-    UniqueConstraint,
-    Index,
-    MetaData,
-    select,
-    inspect,
-    ForeignKey,
-    String,
-    func,
-    TypeDecorator,
-    bindparam,
-    Numeric,
-    TIMESTAMP,
-    CHAR,
-    text,
-    SmallInteger,
-    literal_column,
-    VARCHAR,
-    create_engine,
-    Date,
-    NVARCHAR,
-    ForeignKeyConstraint,
-    Sequence,
-    Float,
-    DateTime,
-    cast,
-    UnicodeText,
-    union,
-    except_,
-    type_coerce,
-    or_,
-    outerjoin,
-    DATE,
-    NCHAR,
-    outparam,
-    PrimaryKeyConstraint,
-    FLOAT,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.sql.sqltypes import NullType
-from sqlalchemy.util import u, b
-from sqlalchemy import util
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises, assert_raises_message
-from sqlalchemy.testing.engines import testing_engine
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.oracle import cx_oracle, base as oracle
-from sqlalchemy.engine import default
-import decimal
-from sqlalchemy.engine import url
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
 import datetime
+import decimal
 import os
-from sqlalchemy import sql
-from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import Mock
-from sqlalchemy.testing import mock
+
+from sqlalchemy import bindparam
+from sqlalchemy import cast
+from sqlalchemy import CHAR
+from sqlalchemy import DATE
+from sqlalchemy import Date
+from sqlalchemy import DateTime
 from sqlalchemy import event
+from sqlalchemy import FLOAT
+from sqlalchemy import Float
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import LargeBinary
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import NCHAR
+from sqlalchemy import Numeric
+from sqlalchemy import NVARCHAR
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import SmallInteger
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import Text
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy import TIMESTAMP
+from sqlalchemy import TypeDecorator
+from sqlalchemy import types as sqltypes
+from sqlalchemy import Unicode
+from sqlalchemy import UnicodeText
+from sqlalchemy import util
+from sqlalchemy import VARCHAR
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.oracle import base as oracle
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.oracle import cx_oracle
+from sqlalchemy.sql import column
+from sqlalchemy.sql.sqltypes import NullType
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import mock
+from sqlalchemy.testing.engines import testing_engine
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
+from sqlalchemy.util import b
+from sqlalchemy.util import u
 
 
 class DialectTypesTest(fixtures.TestBase, AssertsCompiledSQL):
@@ -461,7 +440,8 @@ class TypesTest(fixtures.TestBase):
             [("nan",), ("nan",)],
         )
 
-    # needs https://github.com/oracle/python-cx_Oracle/issues/184#issuecomment-391399292
+    # needs https://github.com/oracle/python-cx_Oracle/
+    # issues/184#issuecomment-391399292
     @testing.provide_metadata
     def _dont_test_numeric_nan_decimal(self):
         m = self.metadata
diff --git a/test/dialect/postgresql/test_compiler.py b/test/dialect/postgresql/test_compiler.py
index 58e421f8ac..a9c9722c9d 100644
--- a/test/dialect/postgresql/test_compiler.py
+++ b/test/dialect/postgresql/test_compiler.py
@@ -1,45 +1,51 @@
 # coding: utf-8
 
-from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import (
-    AssertsCompiledSQL,
-    is_,
-    assert_raises,
-    assert_raises_message,
-    expect_warnings,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing import engines, fixtures
+from sqlalchemy import and_
+from sqlalchemy import cast
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import delete
+from sqlalchemy import Enum
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Index
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import null
+from sqlalchemy import schema
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import Sequence
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Sequence,
-    Table,
-    Column,
-    Integer,
-    update,
-    String,
-    func,
-    MetaData,
-    Enum,
-    Index,
-    and_,
-    delete,
-    select,
-    cast,
-    text,
-    Text,
-    null,
-)
+from sqlalchemy import Text
+from sqlalchemy import text
 from sqlalchemy import types as sqltypes
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import ExcludeConstraint, array
-from sqlalchemy import exc, schema
+from sqlalchemy import update
 from sqlalchemy.dialects import postgresql
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import aggregate_order_by
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import ARRAY as PG_ARRAY
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import array
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import array_agg as pg_array_agg
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import ExcludeConstraint
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import insert
 from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import TSRANGE
-from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper, aliased, Session
-from sqlalchemy.sql import table, column, operators, literal_column
+from sqlalchemy.orm import aliased
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.sql import column
+from sqlalchemy.sql import literal_column
+from sqlalchemy.sql import operators
+from sqlalchemy.sql import table
 from sqlalchemy.sql import util as sql_util
-from sqlalchemy.util import u, OrderedDict
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import aggregate_order_by, insert
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import array_agg as pg_array_agg
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import ARRAY as PG_ARRAY
+from sqlalchemy.testing import engines
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import expect_warnings
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import is_
+from sqlalchemy.util import OrderedDict
+from sqlalchemy.util import u
 
 
 class SequenceTest(fixtures.TestBase, AssertsCompiledSQL):
diff --git a/test/dialect/postgresql/test_dialect.py b/test/dialect/postgresql/test_dialect.py
index 82dd6d3ff6..d4e1cddc40 100644
--- a/test/dialect/postgresql/test_dialect.py
+++ b/test/dialect/postgresql/test_dialect.py
@@ -1,46 +1,45 @@
 # coding: utf-8
 
-from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import (
-    eq_,
-    assert_raises,
-    assert_raises_message,
-    AssertsExecutionResults,
-    AssertsCompiledSQL,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing import engines, fixtures
-from sqlalchemy import testing
 import datetime
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Table,
-    Column,
-    select,
-    MetaData,
-    text,
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    Sequence,
-    Numeric,
-    DateTime,
-    BigInteger,
-    func,
-    extract,
-    SmallInteger,
-    TypeDecorator,
-    literal,
-    cast,
-    bindparam,
-)
-from sqlalchemy import exc, schema
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import base as postgresql
 import logging
 import logging.handlers
-from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import Mock
+
+from sqlalchemy import BigInteger
+from sqlalchemy import bindparam
+from sqlalchemy import cast
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import DateTime
+from sqlalchemy import dialects
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import extract
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import literal
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import Numeric
+from sqlalchemy import schema
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import Sequence
+from sqlalchemy import SmallInteger
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
+from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy import TypeDecorator
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import base as postgresql
 from sqlalchemy.engine import engine_from_config
 from sqlalchemy.engine import url
-from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import engines
 from sqlalchemy.testing import expect_deprecated
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import AssertsExecutionResults
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import Mock
 from ...engine import test_execute
-from sqlalchemy import dialects
 
 
 class DialectTest(fixtures.TestBase):
diff --git a/test/dialect/postgresql/test_on_conflict.py b/test/dialect/postgresql/test_on_conflict.py
index 4e73c38402..c74f4cbef0 100644
--- a/test/dialect/postgresql/test_on_conflict.py
+++ b/test/dialect/postgresql/test_on_conflict.py
@@ -1,11 +1,18 @@
 # coding: utf-8
 
-from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import eq_, assert_raises
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import schema
+from sqlalchemy import sql
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy import Table, Column, Integer, String
-from sqlalchemy import exc, schema, types as sqltypes, sql
+from sqlalchemy import types as sqltypes
 from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import insert
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import eq_
 
 
 class OnConflictTest(fixtures.TablesTest):
diff --git a/test/dialect/postgresql/test_query.py b/test/dialect/postgresql/test_query.py
index 4156dc0f51..40cd85c798 100644
--- a/test/dialect/postgresql/test_query.py
+++ b/test/dialect/postgresql/test_query.py
@@ -1,41 +1,40 @@
 # coding: utf-8
 
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    AssertsExecutionResults,
-    eq_,
-    assert_raises_message,
-    AssertsCompiledSQL,
-    expect_warnings,
-    assert_raises,
-)
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Table,
-    Column,
-    MetaData,
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    bindparam,
-    Sequence,
-    ForeignKey,
-    text,
-    select,
-    func,
-    extract,
-    literal_column,
-    tuple_,
-    DateTime,
-    Time,
-    literal,
-    and_,
-    Date,
-    or_,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing import engines, fixtures
-from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import DialectSQL, CursorSQL
-from sqlalchemy import testing
+import datetime
+
+from sqlalchemy import and_
+from sqlalchemy import bindparam
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import Date
+from sqlalchemy import DateTime
 from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import extract
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import literal
+from sqlalchemy import literal_column
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import or_
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import Sequence
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
+from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy import Time
+from sqlalchemy import tuple_
 from sqlalchemy.dialects import postgresql
-import datetime
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsExecutionResults
+from sqlalchemy.testing import engines
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import expect_warnings
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import CursorSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import DialectSQL
+
 
 matchtable = cattable = None
 
diff --git a/test/dialect/postgresql/test_reflection.py b/test/dialect/postgresql/test_reflection.py
index d9facad6d9..311835daee 100644
--- a/test/dialect/postgresql/test_reflection.py
+++ b/test/dialect/postgresql/test_reflection.py
@@ -1,36 +1,36 @@
 # coding: utf-8
 
-from sqlalchemy.engine import reflection
-from sqlalchemy.sql.schema import CheckConstraint
-from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import (
-    eq_,
-    assert_raises,
-    AssertsExecutionResults,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy import inspect
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Table,
-    Column,
-    MetaData,
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    PrimaryKeyConstraint,
-    ForeignKey,
-    join,
-    Sequence,
-    UniqueConstraint,
-    Index,
-)
-from sqlalchemy import exc
+import itertools
+from operator import itemgetter
+import re
+
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Index
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import join
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import PrimaryKeyConstraint
+from sqlalchemy import Sequence
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
+from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import UniqueConstraint
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import ARRAY
 from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import base as postgresql
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import ARRAY, INTERVAL, INTEGER, TSRANGE
 from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import ExcludeConstraint
-import re
-from operator import itemgetter
-import itertools
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import INTEGER
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import INTERVAL
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import TSRANGE
+from sqlalchemy.engine import reflection
+from sqlalchemy.sql.schema import CheckConstraint
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import AssertsExecutionResults
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import eq_
 
 
 class ForeignTableReflectionTest(fixtures.TablesTest, AssertsExecutionResults):
diff --git a/test/dialect/postgresql/test_types.py b/test/dialect/postgresql/test_types.py
index d7ae213963..f20f92251a 100644
--- a/test/dialect/postgresql/test_types.py
+++ b/test/dialect/postgresql/test_types.py
@@ -1,66 +1,62 @@
 # coding: utf-8
-from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import (
-    eq_,
-    assert_raises,
-    assert_raises_message,
-    is_,
-    AssertsExecutionResults,
-    AssertsCompiledSQL,
-    ComparesTables,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing import engines, fixtures
-from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.sql import sqltypes
 import datetime
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Table,
-    MetaData,
-    Column,
-    Integer,
-    Enum,
-    Float,
-    select,
-    func,
-    DateTime,
-    Numeric,
-    exc,
-    String,
-    cast,
-    REAL,
-    TypeDecorator,
-    Unicode,
-    Text,
-    null,
-    text,
-    column,
-    ARRAY,
-    any_,
-    all_,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.sql import operators
-from sqlalchemy import types
-import sqlalchemy as sa
-from sqlalchemy.dialects import postgresql
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import (
-    HSTORE,
-    hstore,
-    array,
-    INT4RANGE,
-    INT8RANGE,
-    NUMRANGE,
-    DATERANGE,
-    TSRANGE,
-    TSTZRANGE,
-    JSON,
-    JSONB,
-)
 import decimal
-from sqlalchemy import util
-from sqlalchemy.testing.util import round_decimal
-from sqlalchemy import inspect
+
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from sqlalchemy import any_
+from sqlalchemy import ARRAY
+from sqlalchemy import cast
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import column
+from sqlalchemy import DateTime
+from sqlalchemy import Enum
 from sqlalchemy import event
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import Float
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import null
+from sqlalchemy import Numeric
+from sqlalchemy import REAL
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
+from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import Text
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy import TypeDecorator
+from sqlalchemy import types
+from sqlalchemy import Unicode
+from sqlalchemy import util
+from sqlalchemy.dialects import postgresql
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import array
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import DATERANGE
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import HSTORE
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import hstore
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import INT4RANGE
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import INT8RANGE
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import JSON
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import JSONB
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import NUMRANGE
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import TSRANGE
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import TSTZRANGE
 from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.sql import operators
+from sqlalchemy.sql import sqltypes
+from sqlalchemy.testing import engines
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import AssertsExecutionResults
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import ComparesTables
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import is_
+from sqlalchemy.testing.util import round_decimal
+
 
 tztable = notztable = metadata = table = None
 
@@ -2575,8 +2571,8 @@ class _RangeTypeRoundTrip(fixtures.TablesTest):
             self.tables.data_table.insert(), {"range": self._data_str}
         )
         # select
-        range = self.tables.data_table.c.range
-        data = testing.db.execute(select([range + range])).fetchall()
+        range_ = self.tables.data_table.c.range
+        data = testing.db.execute(select([range_ + range_])).fetchall()
         eq_(data, [(self._data_obj(),)])
 
     def test_intersection_result(self):
@@ -2585,8 +2581,8 @@ class _RangeTypeRoundTrip(fixtures.TablesTest):
             self.tables.data_table.insert(), {"range": self._data_str}
         )
         # select
-        range = self.tables.data_table.c.range
-        data = testing.db.execute(select([range * range])).fetchall()
+        range_ = self.tables.data_table.c.range
+        data = testing.db.execute(select([range_ * range_])).fetchall()
         eq_(data, [(self._data_obj(),)])
 
     def test_difference_result(self):
@@ -2595,8 +2591,8 @@ class _RangeTypeRoundTrip(fixtures.TablesTest):
             self.tables.data_table.insert(), {"range": self._data_str}
         )
         # select
-        range = self.tables.data_table.c.range
-        data = testing.db.execute(select([range - range])).fetchall()
+        range_ = self.tables.data_table.c.range
+        data = testing.db.execute(select([range_ - range_])).fetchall()
         eq_(data, [(self._data_obj().__class__(empty=True),)])
 
 
diff --git a/test/dialect/test_all.py b/test/dialect/test_all.py
index c61a258dad..1e4366eb72 100644
--- a/test/dialect/test_all.py
+++ b/test/dialect/test_all.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
+from sqlalchemy import dialects
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
 from sqlalchemy.testing import is_not_
-from sqlalchemy import dialects
 
 
 class ImportStarTest(fixtures.TestBase):
diff --git a/test/dialect/test_firebird.py b/test/dialect/test_firebird.py
index 3aac6a5c05..f1ce321e3c 100644
--- a/test/dialect/test_firebird.py
+++ b/test/dialect/test_firebird.py
@@ -1,35 +1,33 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy import Column
 from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import Float
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import insert
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import schema
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import Sequence
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
+from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy import types as sqltypes
+from sqlalchemy import Unicode
+from sqlalchemy import update
+from sqlalchemy import VARCHAR
 from sqlalchemy.databases import firebird
 from sqlalchemy.exc import ProgrammingError
-from sqlalchemy.sql import table, column
-from sqlalchemy import types as sqltypes
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    fixtures,
-    AssertsExecutionResults,
-    AssertsCompiledSQL,
-)
-from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy.sql import column
+from sqlalchemy.sql import table
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsExecutionResults
 from sqlalchemy.testing import engines
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    String,
-    VARCHAR,
-    NVARCHAR,
-    Unicode,
-    Integer,
-    func,
-    insert,
-    update,
-    MetaData,
-    select,
-    Table,
-    Column,
-    text,
-    Sequence,
-    Float,
-)
-from sqlalchemy import schema
-from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import Mock, call
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import call
+from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import Mock
 
 
 class DomainReflectionTest(fixtures.TestBase, AssertsExecutionResults):
diff --git a/test/dialect/test_mxodbc.py b/test/dialect/test_mxodbc.py
index abff52744c..de8b22b67c 100644
--- a/test/dialect/test_mxodbc.py
+++ b/test/dialect/test_mxodbc.py
@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
-from sqlalchemy import *
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import Table
 from sqlalchemy.testing import engines
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
 from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import Mock
 
@@ -42,10 +45,13 @@ class MxODBCTest(fixtures.TestBase):
         )
 
         eq_(
+            # fmt: off
             [
                 c[2]
-                for c in dbapi.connect.return_value.cursor.return_value.execute.mock_calls
+                for c in dbapi.connect.return_value.cursor.
+                return_value.execute.mock_calls
             ],
+            # fmt: on
             [
                 {"direct": True},
                 {"direct": True},
@@ -53,5 +59,5 @@ class MxODBCTest(fixtures.TestBase):
                 {"direct": True},
                 {"direct": False},
                 {"direct": True},
-            ],
+            ]
         )
diff --git a/test/dialect/test_pyodbc.py b/test/dialect/test_pyodbc.py
index 5c60c5b5ae..80f1e468ab 100644
--- a/test/dialect/test_pyodbc.py
+++ b/test/dialect/test_pyodbc.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.connectors import pyodbc
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
 
 
diff --git a/test/dialect/test_sqlite.py b/test/dialect/test_sqlite.py
index 0c3dd2acd6..c480653b32 100644
--- a/test/dialect/test_sqlite.py
+++ b/test/dialect/test_sqlite.py
@@ -1,54 +1,58 @@
 #!coding: utf-8
 
 """SQLite-specific tests."""
-import os
 import datetime
+import os
 
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    eq_,
-    assert_raises,
-    assert_raises_message,
-    is_,
-    expect_warnings,
-)
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Table,
-    select,
-    bindparam,
-    Column,
-    MetaData,
-    func,
-    extract,
-    ForeignKey,
-    text,
-    DefaultClause,
-    and_,
-    create_engine,
-    UniqueConstraint,
-    Index,
-    PrimaryKeyConstraint,
-    CheckConstraint,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.types import Integer, String, Boolean, DateTime, Date, Time
-from sqlalchemy import types as sqltypes
-from sqlalchemy import event, inspect
-from sqlalchemy.util import u, ue
-from sqlalchemy import exc, sql, schema, pool, util
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.sqlite import (
-    base as sqlite,
-    pysqlite as pysqlite_dialect,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.engine.url import make_url
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    fixtures,
-    AssertsCompiledSQL,
-    AssertsExecutionResults,
-    engines,
-)
+from sqlalchemy import and_
+from sqlalchemy import bindparam
+from sqlalchemy import CheckConstraint
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import DefaultClause
+from sqlalchemy import event
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import extract
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Index
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import pool
+from sqlalchemy import PrimaryKeyConstraint
+from sqlalchemy import schema
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import sql
+from sqlalchemy import Table
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.schema import CreateTable, FetchedValue
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy import types as sqltypes
+from sqlalchemy import UniqueConstraint
+from sqlalchemy import util
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.sqlite import base as sqlite
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.sqlite import pysqlite as pysqlite_dialect
 from sqlalchemy.engine.reflection import Inspector
+from sqlalchemy.engine.url import make_url
+from sqlalchemy.schema import CreateTable
+from sqlalchemy.schema import FetchedValue
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsExecutionResults
+from sqlalchemy.testing import engines
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import expect_warnings
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import mock
+from sqlalchemy.types import Boolean
+from sqlalchemy.types import Date
+from sqlalchemy.types import DateTime
+from sqlalchemy.types import Integer
+from sqlalchemy.types import String
+from sqlalchemy.types import Time
+from sqlalchemy.util import u
+from sqlalchemy.util import ue
 
 
 class TestTypes(fixtures.TestBase, AssertsExecutionResults):
diff --git a/test/dialect/test_suite.py b/test/dialect/test_suite.py
index d4e7536568..bf58c6fcc3 100644
--- a/test/dialect/test_suite.py
+++ b/test/dialect/test_suite.py
@@ -1 +1 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing.suite import *
+from sqlalchemy.testing.suite import *  # noqa
diff --git a/test/dialect/test_sybase.py b/test/dialect/test_sybase.py
index df2ae784e3..38786ab4be 100644
--- a/test/dialect/test_sybase.py
+++ b/test/dialect/test_sybase.py
@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
-from sqlalchemy import extract, select
+from sqlalchemy import extract
+from sqlalchemy import select
 from sqlalchemy import sql
 from sqlalchemy.databases import sybase
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    assert_raises_message,
-    fixtures,
-    AssertsCompiledSQL,
-)
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
 
 
 class CompileTest(fixtures.TestBase, AssertsCompiledSQL):
diff --git a/test/engine/test_bind.py b/test/engine/test_bind.py
index 862626c40f..98d53ee6de 100644
--- a/test/engine/test_bind.py
+++ b/test/engine/test_bind.py
@@ -1,15 +1,19 @@
 """tests the "bind" attribute/argument across schema and SQL,
 including the deprecated versions of these arguments"""
 
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises, assert_raises_message
-from sqlalchemy import engine, exc
-from sqlalchemy import MetaData, ThreadLocalMetaData
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, text
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from sqlalchemy import engine
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
 from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy import ThreadLocalMetaData
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 
 
 class BindTest(fixtures.TestBase):
diff --git a/test/engine/test_ddlevents.py b/test/engine/test_ddlevents.py
index 307cb1cf1f..562ed4d68d 100644
--- a/test/engine/test_ddlevents.py
+++ b/test/engine/test_ddlevents.py
@@ -1,20 +1,24 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises, assert_raises_message
-from sqlalchemy.schema import (
-    DDL,
-    CheckConstraint,
-    AddConstraint,
-    DropConstraint,
-)
-from sqlalchemy import create_engine
-from sqlalchemy import MetaData, Integer, String, event, exc, text
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
 import sqlalchemy as tsa
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import event
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy.schema import AddConstraint
+from sqlalchemy.schema import CheckConstraint
+from sqlalchemy.schema import DDL
+from sqlalchemy.schema import DropConstraint
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
 from sqlalchemy.testing import engines
-from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL, eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
 from sqlalchemy.testing import mock
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 
 
 class DDLEventTest(fixtures.TestBase):
@@ -704,9 +708,12 @@ class DDLTest(fixtures.TestBase, AssertsCompiledSQL):
         engine = create_engine(
             testing.db.name + "://", strategy="mock", executor=executor
         )
-        engine.dialect.identifier_preparer = tsa.sql.compiler.IdentifierPreparer(
-            engine.dialect
-        )
+        # fmt: off
+        engine.dialect.identifier_preparer = \
+            tsa.sql.compiler.IdentifierPreparer(
+                engine.dialect
+            )
+        # fmt: on
         return engine
 
     def test_tokens(self):
diff --git a/test/engine/test_execute.py b/test/engine/test_execute.py
index 87bf52bdb6..d9d10a9a6c 100644
--- a/test/engine/test_execute.py
+++ b/test/engine/test_execute.py
@@ -1,51 +1,50 @@
 # coding: utf-8
 
-import weakref
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    eq_,
-    assert_raises,
-    assert_raises_message,
-    config,
-    is_,
-    is_not_,
-    le_,
-    expect_warnings,
-)
+from contextlib import contextmanager
 import re
-from sqlalchemy.testing.util import picklers
-from sqlalchemy.testing.util import gc_collect
-from sqlalchemy.interfaces import ConnectionProxy
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    MetaData,
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    INT,
-    VARCHAR,
-    func,
-    bindparam,
-    select,
-    event,
-    TypeDecorator,
-    create_engine,
-    Sequence,
-    LargeBinary,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.sql import column, literal
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
+import weakref
+
 import sqlalchemy as tsa
+from sqlalchemy import bindparam
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import event
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import INT
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import LargeBinary
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import Sequence
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing import engines
+from sqlalchemy import TypeDecorator
 from sqlalchemy import util
-from sqlalchemy.testing.engines import testing_engine
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.oracle.zxjdbc import ReturningParam
-from sqlalchemy.engine import result as _result, default
+from sqlalchemy import VARCHAR
+from sqlalchemy.engine import default
 from sqlalchemy.engine.base import Engine
+from sqlalchemy.interfaces import ConnectionProxy
+from sqlalchemy.sql import column
+from sqlalchemy.sql import literal
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import config
+from sqlalchemy.testing import engines
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import expect_warnings
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import Mock, call, patch
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_not_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import mock
-from contextlib import contextmanager
-from sqlalchemy.util import nested
 from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import CompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing.engines import testing_engine
+from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import call
+from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import Mock
+from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import patch
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
+from sqlalchemy.testing.util import gc_collect
+from sqlalchemy.testing.util import picklers
+from sqlalchemy.util import nested
 
 
 users, metadata, users_autoinc = None, None, None
diff --git a/test/engine/test_logging.py b/test/engine/test_logging.py
index 4a19ee86f6..8190a3fcde 100644
--- a/test/engine/test_logging.py
+++ b/test/engine/test_logging.py
@@ -1,12 +1,15 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, assert_raises_message, eq_regex
-from sqlalchemy import select
+import logging.handlers
+
 import sqlalchemy as tsa
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import util
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
 from sqlalchemy.testing import engines
-import logging.handlers
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_regex
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
 from sqlalchemy.testing import mock
 from sqlalchemy.testing.util import lazy_gc
-from sqlalchemy import util
 
 
 class LogParamsTest(fixtures.TestBase):
diff --git a/test/engine/test_parseconnect.py b/test/engine/test_parseconnect.py
index 39ad7042bb..7a89188179 100644
--- a/test/engine/test_parseconnect.py
+++ b/test/engine/test_parseconnect.py
@@ -1,14 +1,22 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises, eq_, is_
-import sqlalchemy.engine.url as url
-from sqlalchemy import create_engine, engine_from_config, exc, pool
-from sqlalchemy.engine.default import DefaultDialect
 import sqlalchemy as tsa
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import engine_from_config
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import pool
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import Mock, MagicMock, call
-from sqlalchemy.testing import mock
-from sqlalchemy.dialects import registry
 from sqlalchemy.dialects import plugins
+from sqlalchemy.dialects import registry
+from sqlalchemy.engine.default import DefaultDialect
+import sqlalchemy.engine.url as url
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import mock
+from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import call
+from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import MagicMock
+from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import Mock
+
 
 dialect = None
 
diff --git a/test/engine/test_pool.py b/test/engine/test_pool.py
index 547c265bb4..02eb5fc543 100644
--- a/test/engine/test_pool.py
+++ b/test/engine/test_pool.py
@@ -1,17 +1,28 @@
+import collections
+import random
 import threading
 import time
-from sqlalchemy import pool, select, event
+import weakref
+
 import sqlalchemy as tsa
+from sqlalchemy import event
+from sqlalchemy import pool
+from sqlalchemy import select
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing.util import gc_collect, lazy_gc
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, assert_raises, is_not_, is_
-from sqlalchemy.testing.engines import testing_engine
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
 from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
-import random
-from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import Mock, call, patch, ANY
-import weakref
-import collections
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_not_
+from sqlalchemy.testing.engines import testing_engine
+from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import ANY
+from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import call
+from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import Mock
+from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import patch
+from sqlalchemy.testing.util import gc_collect
+from sqlalchemy.testing.util import lazy_gc
+
 
 join_timeout = 10
 
diff --git a/test/engine/test_processors.py b/test/engine/test_processors.py
index 8da838145b..9bfd8d505d 100644
--- a/test/engine/test_processors.py
+++ b/test/engine/test_processors.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message, eq_
 
 
 class _BooleanProcessorTest(fixtures.TestBase):
diff --git a/test/engine/test_reconnect.py b/test/engine/test_reconnect.py
index 1ba8bcac24..f6904174b9 100644
--- a/test/engine/test_reconnect.py
+++ b/test/engine/test_reconnect.py
@@ -1,31 +1,31 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    eq_,
-    ne_,
-    assert_raises,
-    expect_warnings,
-    assert_raises_message,
-)
 import time
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    select,
-    MetaData,
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    create_engine,
-    pool,
-    exc,
-    util,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
+
 import sqlalchemy as tsa
-from sqlalchemy.engine import url
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import event
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import pool
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing import mock
+from sqlalchemy import util
+from sqlalchemy.engine import url
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
 from sqlalchemy.testing import engines
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import expect_warnings
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import mock
+from sqlalchemy.testing import ne_
 from sqlalchemy.testing.engines import testing_engine
-from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import Mock, call, patch
-from sqlalchemy import event
+from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import call
+from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import Mock
+from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import patch
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 from sqlalchemy.testing.util import gc_collect
 
 
diff --git a/test/engine/test_reflection.py b/test/engine/test_reflection.py
index 29e0900396..41f75b8f8f 100644
--- a/test/engine/test_reflection.py
+++ b/test/engine/test_reflection.py
@@ -1,36 +1,35 @@
 import unicodedata
+
 import sqlalchemy as sa
-from sqlalchemy import schema, inspect, sql
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    MetaData,
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    Index,
-    ForeignKey,
-    UniqueConstraint,
-    FetchedValue,
-    DefaultClause,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    ComparesTables,
-    engines,
-    AssertsCompiledSQL,
-    fixtures,
-    skip,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    eq_,
-    eq_regex,
-    is_true,
-    assert_raises,
-    assert_raises_message,
-)
+from sqlalchemy import DefaultClause
+from sqlalchemy import FetchedValue
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Index
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import schema
+from sqlalchemy import sql
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.util import ue
+from sqlalchemy import UniqueConstraint
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import ComparesTables
 from sqlalchemy.testing import config
-from sqlalchemy.testing import mock
+from sqlalchemy.testing import engines
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_regex
 from sqlalchemy.testing import expect_warnings
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_true
+from sqlalchemy.testing import mock
+from sqlalchemy.testing import skip
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
+from sqlalchemy.util import ue
+
 
 metadata, users = None, None
 
@@ -284,7 +283,10 @@ class ReflectionTest(fixtures.TestBase, ComparesTables):
             1,
         )
         if (
-            testing.requires.unique_constraint_reflection_no_index_overlap.enabled
+            # fmt: off
+            testing.requires.
+            unique_constraint_reflection_no_index_overlap.enabled
+            # fmt: on
         ):
             eq_(
                 len(
diff --git a/test/engine/test_transaction.py b/test/engine/test_transaction.py
index ad2f29fa03..1364683299 100644
--- a/test/engine/test_transaction.py
+++ b/test/engine/test_transaction.py
@@ -1,30 +1,27 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    eq_,
-    assert_raises,
-    assert_raises_message,
-    ne_,
-    expect_warnings,
-)
 import sys
+
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
 from sqlalchemy import event
-from sqlalchemy.testing.engines import testing_engine
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    create_engine,
-    MetaData,
-    INT,
-    VARCHAR,
-    Sequence,
-    select,
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    func,
-    text,
-    exc,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import INT
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import Sequence
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy import VARCHAR
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import expect_warnings
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import ne_
+from sqlalchemy.testing.engines import testing_engine
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 
 
 users, metadata = None, None
diff --git a/test/ext/declarative/test_basic.py b/test/ext/declarative/test_basic.py
index 9de7f5ab9e..990262f2ca 100644
--- a/test/ext/declarative/test_basic.py
+++ b/test/ext/declarative/test_basic.py
@@ -1,48 +1,47 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    eq_,
-    assert_raises,
-    assert_raises_message,
-    expect_warnings,
-    is_,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assertions
-from sqlalchemy.ext import declarative as decl
-from sqlalchemy.ext.hybrid import hybrid_property
-from sqlalchemy import exc
 import sqlalchemy as sa
-from sqlalchemy import testing, util
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    MetaData,
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    ForeignKey,
-    ForeignKeyConstraint,
-    Index,
-    UniqueConstraint,
-    CheckConstraint,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    relationship,
-    create_session,
-    class_mapper,
-    joinedload,
-    configure_mappers,
-    backref,
-    clear_mappers,
-    column_property,
-    composite,
-    Session,
-    properties,
-    deferred,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.util import with_metaclass
-from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declared_attr, synonym_for
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures, mock
-from sqlalchemy.orm.events import MapperEvents
-from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy import CheckConstraint
 from sqlalchemy import event
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKeyConstraint
+from sqlalchemy import Index
 from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import UniqueConstraint
+from sqlalchemy import util
+from sqlalchemy.ext import declarative as decl
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declared_attr
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import synonym_for
+from sqlalchemy.ext.hybrid import hybrid_property
+from sqlalchemy.orm import backref
+from sqlalchemy.orm import class_mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import clear_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import column_property
+from sqlalchemy.orm import composite
+from sqlalchemy.orm import configure_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import deferred
+from sqlalchemy.orm import joinedload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import properties
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm.events import MapperEvents
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assertions
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import expect_warnings
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import mock
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
+from sqlalchemy.util import with_metaclass
+
 
 Base = None
 
diff --git a/test/ext/declarative/test_clsregistry.py b/test/ext/declarative/test_clsregistry.py
index c93fbc9dc9..d61cc81c83 100644
--- a/test/ext/declarative/test_clsregistry.py
+++ b/test/ext/declarative/test_clsregistry.py
@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
+import weakref
+
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import clsregistry
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
 from sqlalchemy.testing.util import gc_collect
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message, is_, eq_
-from sqlalchemy import exc, MetaData
-from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import clsregistry
-import weakref
 
 
 class MockClass(object):
diff --git a/test/ext/declarative/test_inheritance.py b/test/ext/declarative/test_inheritance.py
index 6cf0073b24..97c7dcd7c8 100644
--- a/test/ext/declarative/test_inheritance.py
+++ b/test/ext/declarative/test_inheritance.py
@@ -1,37 +1,35 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    eq_,
-    le_,
-    assert_raises,
-    assert_raises_message,
-    is_,
-    is_true,
-    is_false,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.ext import declarative as decl
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, ForeignKey
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    relationship,
-    create_session,
-    class_mapper,
-    configure_mappers,
-    clear_mappers,
-    polymorphic_union,
-    deferred,
-    Session,
-    mapper,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import (
-    declared_attr,
-    AbstractConcreteBase,
-    ConcreteBase,
-    has_inherited_table,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures, mock
+from sqlalchemy.ext import declarative as decl
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import AbstractConcreteBase
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import ConcreteBase
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declared_attr
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import has_inherited_table
+from sqlalchemy.orm import class_mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import clear_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import configure_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import deferred
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import polymorphic_union
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_false
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_true
+from sqlalchemy.testing import mock
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 from test.orm.test_events import _RemoveListeners
 
+
 Base = None
 
 
@@ -1903,7 +1901,8 @@ class ConcreteExtensionConfigTest(
             "(SELECT cca.id AS id, cca.x AS x, cca.y AS y, "
             "cca.something_id AS something_id, 'ccb' AS type FROM cca) "
             "AS pjoin WHERE EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM something "
-            "WHERE something.id = pjoin.something_id AND something.id = :id_1)",
+            "WHERE something.id = pjoin.something_id "
+            "AND something.id = :id_1)",
         )
 
         self.assert_compile(
@@ -1916,7 +1915,8 @@ class ConcreteExtensionConfigTest(
             "(SELECT cca.id AS id, cca.x AS x, cca.y AS y, "
             "cca.something_id AS something_id, 'ccb' AS type FROM cca) "
             "AS pjoin WHERE EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM something "
-            "WHERE something.id = pjoin.something_id AND something.id = :id_1)",
+            "WHERE something.id = pjoin.something_id AND "
+            "something.id = :id_1)",
         )
 
     def test_abstract_in_hierarchy(self):
diff --git a/test/ext/declarative/test_mixin.py b/test/ext/declarative/test_mixin.py
index f51a75b3e3..7fec772708 100644
--- a/test/ext/declarative/test_mixin.py
+++ b/test/ext/declarative/test_mixin.py
@@ -1,32 +1,36 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    eq_,
-    assert_raises,
-    assert_raises_message,
-    is_,
-    expect_warnings,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.ext import declarative as decl
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, ForeignKey, select, func
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    relationship,
-    create_session,
-    class_mapper,
-    configure_mappers,
-    clear_mappers,
-    deferred,
-    column_property,
-    Session,
-    base as orm_base,
-    synonym,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.util import classproperty
-from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declared_attr, declarative_base
+from sqlalchemy.ext import declarative as decl
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declared_attr
+from sqlalchemy.orm import base as orm_base
+from sqlalchemy.orm import class_mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import clear_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import column_property
+from sqlalchemy.orm import configure_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import deferred
 from sqlalchemy.orm import events as orm_events
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures, mock
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import synonym
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import expect_warnings
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import mock
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 from sqlalchemy.testing.util import gc_collect
+from sqlalchemy.util import classproperty
+
 
 Base = None
 
@@ -1319,7 +1323,6 @@ class DeclarativeMixinPropertyTest(
 
     def test_correct_for_proxies(self):
         from sqlalchemy.ext.hybrid import hybrid_property
-        from sqlalchemy.ext import hybrid
         from sqlalchemy import inspect
 
         class Mixin(object):
@@ -1388,7 +1391,8 @@ class DeclarativeMixinPropertyTest(
         s = Session()
         self.assert_compile(
             s.query(Base.data_syn).filter(Base.data_syn == "foo"),
-            "SELECT test.data AS test_data FROM test WHERE test.data = :data_1",
+            "SELECT test.data AS test_data FROM test "
+            "WHERE test.data = :data_1",
             dialect="default",
         )
         self.assert_compile(
@@ -1770,12 +1774,12 @@ class DeclaredAttrTest(DeclarativeTestBase, testing.AssertsCompiledSQL):
             @declared_attr.cascading
             def my_attr(cls):
                 if decl.has_inherited_table(cls):
-                    id = Column(ForeignKey("a.my_attr"), primary_key=True)
-                    asserted["b"].add(id)
+                    id_ = Column(ForeignKey("a.my_attr"), primary_key=True)
+                    asserted["b"].add(id_)
                 else:
-                    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
-                    asserted["a"].add(id)
-                return id
+                    id_ = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
+                    asserted["a"].add(id_)
+                return id_
 
         class A(Base, Mixin):
             __tablename__ = "a"
diff --git a/test/ext/declarative/test_reflection.py b/test/ext/declarative/test_reflection.py
index e2bab0dd86..df1f0580c4 100644
--- a/test/ext/declarative/test_reflection.py
+++ b/test/ext/declarative/test_reflection.py
@@ -1,12 +1,19 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, assert_raises
-from sqlalchemy.ext import declarative as decl
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, ForeignKey
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship, create_session, clear_mappers, Session
+from sqlalchemy.ext import declarative as decl
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative.base import _DeferredMapperConfig
+from sqlalchemy.orm import clear_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 from sqlalchemy.testing.util import gc_collect
-from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative.base import _DeferredMapperConfig
 
 
 class DeclarativeReflectionBase(fixtures.TablesTest):
diff --git a/test/ext/test_associationproxy.py b/test/ext/test_associationproxy.py
index 4e063a84b8..24b57cd6b3 100644
--- a/test/ext/test_associationproxy.py
+++ b/test/ext/test_associationproxy.py
@@ -1,34 +1,42 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, assert_raises, is_
 import copy
 import pickle
 
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, ForeignKey, String, or_, MetaData
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    relationship,
-    configure_mappers,
-    mapper,
-    Session,
-    collections,
-    sessionmaker,
-    aliased,
-    clear_mappers,
-    create_session,
-)
 from sqlalchemy import exc
-from sqlalchemy.orm.collections import collection, attribute_mapped_collection
-from sqlalchemy.ext.associationproxy import association_proxy
-from sqlalchemy.ext.associationproxy import _AssociationList
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
-from sqlalchemy.testing.util import gc_collect
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures, AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import or_
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import Mock, call
-from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import expect_warnings
+from sqlalchemy.engine import default
+from sqlalchemy.ext.associationproxy import _AssociationList
+from sqlalchemy.ext.associationproxy import association_proxy
 from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
 from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declared_attr
-from sqlalchemy.engine import default
-from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy.orm import aliased
+from sqlalchemy.orm import clear_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import collections
+from sqlalchemy.orm import configure_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
+from sqlalchemy.orm.collections import attribute_mapped_collection
+from sqlalchemy.orm.collections import collection
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import expect_warnings
+from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import call
+from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import Mock
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
+from sqlalchemy.testing.util import gc_collect
 
 
 class DictCollection(dict):
@@ -254,9 +262,9 @@ class _CollectionOperations(fixtures.TestBase):
         if obj not in self.session:
             self.session.add(obj)
         self.session.flush()
-        id, type_ = obj.id, type(obj)
+        id_, type_ = obj.id, type(obj)
         self.session.expunge_all()
-        return self.session.query(type_).get(id)
+        return self.session.query(type_).get(id_)
 
     def _test_sequence_ops(self):
         Parent, Child = self.Parent, self.Child
@@ -962,9 +970,9 @@ class ScalarTest(fixtures.TestBase):
             if obj not in session:
                 session.add(obj)
             session.flush()
-            id, type_ = obj.id, type(obj)
+            id_, type_ = obj.id, type(obj)
             session.expunge_all()
-            return session.query(type_).get(id)
+            return session.query(type_).get(id_)
 
         p = Parent("p")
 
@@ -1155,9 +1163,9 @@ class LazyLoadTest(fixtures.TestBase):
     def roundtrip(self, obj):
         self.session.add(obj)
         self.session.flush()
-        id, type_ = obj.id, type(obj)
+        id_, type_ = obj.id, type(obj)
         self.session.expunge_all()
-        return self.session.query(type_).get(id)
+        return self.session.query(type_).get(id_)
 
     def test_lazy_list(self):
         Parent, Child = self.Parent, self.Child
@@ -1526,7 +1534,16 @@ class ComparatorTest(fixtures.MappedTest, AssertsCompiledSQL):
 
     @classmethod
     def setup_mappers(cls):
-        users, Keyword, UserKeyword, singular, userkeywords, User, keywords, Singular = (
+        (
+            users,
+            Keyword,
+            UserKeyword,
+            singular,
+            userkeywords,
+            User,
+            keywords,
+            Singular,
+        ) = (
             cls.tables.users,
             cls.classes.Keyword,
             cls.classes.UserKeyword,
diff --git a/test/ext/test_automap.py b/test/ext/test_automap.py
index e6bdd1d8cc..e2dd5b11e6 100644
--- a/test/ext/test_automap.py
+++ b/test/ext/test_automap.py
@@ -1,17 +1,24 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from ..orm._fixtures import FixtureTest
-from sqlalchemy.ext.automap import automap_base
-from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship, interfaces, configure_mappers
-from sqlalchemy.ext.automap import generate_relationship
-from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import Mock, patch
-from sqlalchemy import String, Integer, ForeignKey, MetaData
-from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-
-from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+import random
 import threading
 import time
-import random
+
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy.ext.automap import automap_base
+from sqlalchemy.ext.automap import generate_relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import configure_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import interfaces
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import Mock
+from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import patch
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
+from ..orm._fixtures import FixtureTest
 
 
 class AutomapTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
diff --git a/test/ext/test_baked.py b/test/ext/test_baked.py
index 8a6702dce9..57c9447999 100644
--- a/test/ext/test_baked.py
+++ b/test/ext/test_baked.py
@@ -1,27 +1,29 @@
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    Session,
-    subqueryload,
-    mapper,
-    relationship,
-    lazyload,
-    backref,
-    aliased,
-    Load,
-    defaultload,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, is_, is_not_
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+import contextlib
+import itertools
+
+from sqlalchemy import bindparam
+from sqlalchemy import exc as sa_exc
+from sqlalchemy import func
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from test.orm import _fixtures
 from sqlalchemy.ext import baked
-from sqlalchemy import bindparam, func
+from sqlalchemy.orm import aliased
+from sqlalchemy.orm import backref
+from sqlalchemy.orm import defaultload
 from sqlalchemy.orm import exc as orm_exc
+from sqlalchemy.orm import lazyload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Load
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import subqueryload
 from sqlalchemy.orm.query import Query
-import itertools
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_not_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import mock
 from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import CompiledSQL
-import contextlib
-from sqlalchemy import exc as sa_exc
+from test.orm import _fixtures
 
 
 class BakedTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest):
diff --git a/test/ext/test_compiler.py b/test/ext/test_compiler.py
index 22ab1f1634..ac6af0a96d 100644
--- a/test/ext/test_compiler.py
+++ b/test/ext/test_compiler.py
@@ -1,21 +1,28 @@
-from sqlalchemy import *
-from sqlalchemy.types import TypeEngine
-from sqlalchemy.sql.expression import (
-    ClauseElement,
-    ColumnClause,
-    FunctionElement,
-    Select,
-    BindParameter,
-    ColumnElement,
-)
-
-from sqlalchemy.schema import DDLElement, CreateColumn, CreateTable
-from sqlalchemy.ext.compiler import compiles, deregister
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import column
+from sqlalchemy import desc
 from sqlalchemy import exc
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
-from sqlalchemy.sql import table, column
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import Numeric
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import Table
+from sqlalchemy import table
+from sqlalchemy.ext.compiler import compiles
+from sqlalchemy.ext.compiler import deregister
+from sqlalchemy.schema import CreateColumn
+from sqlalchemy.schema import CreateTable
+from sqlalchemy.schema import DDLElement
+from sqlalchemy.sql.expression import BindParameter
+from sqlalchemy.sql.expression import ClauseElement
+from sqlalchemy.sql.expression import ColumnClause
+from sqlalchemy.sql.expression import FunctionElement
+from sqlalchemy.sql.expression import Select
 from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures, AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.types import TypeEngine
 
 
 class UserDefinedTest(fixtures.TestBase, AssertsCompiledSQL):
@@ -64,11 +71,11 @@ class UserDefinedTest(fixtures.TestBase, AssertsCompiledSQL):
             pass
 
         @compiles(MyType, "sqlite")
-        def visit_type(type, compiler, **kw):
+        def visit_sqlite_type(type_, compiler, **kw):
             return "SQLITE_FOO"
 
         @compiles(MyType, "postgresql")
-        def visit_type(type, compiler, **kw):
+        def visit_pg_type(type_, compiler, **kw):
             return "POSTGRES_FOO"
 
         from sqlalchemy.dialects.sqlite import base as sqlite
@@ -190,7 +197,7 @@ class UserDefinedTest(fixtures.TestBase, AssertsCompiledSQL):
         try:
 
             @compiles(Select)
-            def compile(element, compiler, **kw):
+            def compile_(element, compiler, **kw):
                 return "OVERRIDE"
 
             s1 = select([t1])
@@ -209,7 +216,7 @@ class UserDefinedTest(fixtures.TestBase, AssertsCompiledSQL):
             __visit_name__ = "drop_thingy"
 
         @compiles(AddThingy, "sqlite")
-        def visit_add_thingy(thingy, compiler, **kw):
+        def visit_add_thingy_sqlite(thingy, compiler, **kw):
             return "ADD SPECIAL SL THINGY"
 
         @compiles(AddThingy)
@@ -235,7 +242,7 @@ class UserDefinedTest(fixtures.TestBase, AssertsCompiledSQL):
         )
 
         @compiles(DropThingy, "sqlite")
-        def visit_drop_thingy(thingy, compiler, **kw):
+        def visit_drop_thingy_sqlite(thingy, compiler, **kw):
             return "DROP SPECIAL SL THINGY"
 
         self.assert_compile(
@@ -255,7 +262,7 @@ class UserDefinedTest(fixtures.TestBase, AssertsCompiledSQL):
             return "utcnow()"
 
         @compiles(MyUtcFunction, "postgresql")
-        def visit_myfunc(element, compiler, **kw):
+        def visit_myfunc_pg(element, compiler, **kw):
             return "timezone('utc', current_timestamp)"
 
         self.assert_compile(
@@ -315,7 +322,7 @@ class UserDefinedTest(fixtures.TestBase, AssertsCompiledSQL):
             return element.name
 
         @compiles(Sub1)
-        def visit_base(element, compiler, **kw):
+        def visit_sub1(element, compiler, **kw):
             return "FOO" + element.name
 
         self.assert_compile(
@@ -348,7 +355,7 @@ class UserDefinedTest(fixtures.TestBase, AssertsCompiledSQL):
         )
 
         @compiles(Sub1)
-        def visit_base(element, compiler, **kw):
+        def visit_sub1(element, compiler, **kw):
             return "FOO" + element.name
 
         self.assert_compile(
@@ -371,7 +378,7 @@ class DefaultOnExistingTest(fixtures.TestBase, AssertsCompiledSQL):
         t1 = table("t1", column("c1"), column("c2"))
 
         @compiles(Select, "sqlite")
-        def compile(element, compiler, **kw):
+        def compile_(element, compiler, **kw):
             return "OVERRIDE"
 
         s1 = select([t1])
diff --git a/test/ext/test_extendedattr.py b/test/ext/test_extendedattr.py
index 277178af99..161c187625 100644
--- a/test/ext/test_extendedattr.py
+++ b/test/ext/test_extendedattr.py
@@ -1,21 +1,23 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, assert_raises, assert_raises_message, ne_
-from sqlalchemy import util
 import sqlalchemy as sa
-from sqlalchemy.orm import class_mapper
+from sqlalchemy import event
+from sqlalchemy import util
+from sqlalchemy.ext import instrumentation
 from sqlalchemy.orm import attributes
-from sqlalchemy.orm.attributes import (
-    set_attribute,
-    get_attribute,
-    del_attribute,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.orm.instrumentation import is_instrumented
+from sqlalchemy.orm import class_mapper
 from sqlalchemy.orm import clear_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import events
+from sqlalchemy.orm.attributes import del_attribute
+from sqlalchemy.orm.attributes import get_attribute
+from sqlalchemy.orm.attributes import set_attribute
+from sqlalchemy.orm.instrumentation import is_instrumented
+from sqlalchemy.orm.instrumentation import manager_of_class
+from sqlalchemy.orm.instrumentation import register_class
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from sqlalchemy.ext import instrumentation
-from sqlalchemy.orm.instrumentation import register_class, manager_of_class
+from sqlalchemy.testing import ne_
 from sqlalchemy.testing.util import decorator
-from sqlalchemy.orm import events
-from sqlalchemy import event
 
 
 @decorator
@@ -236,14 +238,12 @@ class UserDefinedExtensionTest(_ExtBase, fixtures.ORMTest):
             )
 
             if base is object:
-                assert (
-                    Foo
-                    not in instrumentation._instrumentation_factory._state_finders
+                assert Foo not in (
+                    instrumentation._instrumentation_factory._state_finders
                 )
             else:
-                assert (
-                    Foo
-                    in instrumentation._instrumentation_factory._state_finders
+                assert Foo in (
+                    instrumentation._instrumentation_factory._state_finders
                 )
 
             f = Foo()
diff --git a/test/ext/test_horizontal_shard.py b/test/ext/test_horizontal_shard.py
index def82faf7e..8d590c4964 100644
--- a/test/ext/test_horizontal_shard.py
+++ b/test/ext/test_horizontal_shard.py
@@ -1,15 +1,34 @@
 import datetime
 import os
-from sqlalchemy import *
+
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import DateTime
 from sqlalchemy import event
-from sqlalchemy import sql, util
-from sqlalchemy.orm import *
+from sqlalchemy import Float
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import sql
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
+from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import util
 from sqlalchemy.ext.horizontal_shard import ShardedSession
+from sqlalchemy.orm import clear_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import deferred
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import selectinload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
 from sqlalchemy.sql import operators
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import provision
 from sqlalchemy.testing.engines import testing_engine
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
-from sqlalchemy import testing
+
 
 # TODO: ShardTest can be turned into a base for further subclasses
 
@@ -388,9 +407,6 @@ class ShardTest(object):
             assert inspect(t).deleted is (t.temperature >= 80)
 
 
-from sqlalchemy.testing import provision
-
-
 class DistinctEngineShardTest(ShardTest, fixtures.TestBase):
     def _init_dbs(self):
         db1 = testing_engine(
diff --git a/test/ext/test_hybrid.py b/test/ext/test_hybrid.py
index 55fd2b1a54..ab57ce6f47 100644
--- a/test/ext/test_hybrid.py
+++ b/test/ext/test_hybrid.py
@@ -1,17 +1,23 @@
-from sqlalchemy import func, Integer, Numeric, String, ForeignKey
-from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship, Session, aliased, persistence
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
-from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
+from decimal import Decimal
+
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import Numeric
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy.ext import hybrid
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    eq_,
-    is_,
-    AssertsCompiledSQL,
-    assert_raises_message,
-)
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
+from sqlalchemy.orm import aliased
+from sqlalchemy.orm import persistence
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from sqlalchemy import inspect
-from decimal import Decimal
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
 
 
 class PropertyComparatorTest(fixtures.TestBase, AssertsCompiledSQL):
diff --git a/test/ext/test_indexable.py b/test/ext/test_indexable.py
index 28ae6ab6bf..ed7da3ad0b 100644
--- a/test/ext/test_indexable.py
+++ b/test/ext/test_indexable.py
@@ -1,15 +1,21 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, Text
-from sqlalchemy.sql.sqltypes import ARRAY, JSON
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy import Text
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
+from sqlalchemy.ext.indexable import index_property
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.sql.sqltypes import ARRAY
+from sqlalchemy.sql.sqltypes import JSON
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from sqlalchemy.ext.indexable import index_property
-from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, ne_, is_, in_, not_in_
-from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy.testing import in_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import ne_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import not_in_
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
 
 
 class IndexPropertyTest(fixtures.TestBase):
diff --git a/test/ext/test_mutable.py b/test/ext/test_mutable.py
index d46ace9a8a..9b8f761e9c 100644
--- a/test/ext/test_mutable.py
+++ b/test/ext/test_mutable.py
@@ -1,17 +1,30 @@
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, ForeignKey, String, func
-from sqlalchemy.types import PickleType, TypeDecorator, VARCHAR
-from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper, Session, composite, column_property
-from sqlalchemy.orm.mapper import Mapper
+from sqlalchemy import event
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy.ext.mutable import MutableComposite
+from sqlalchemy.ext.mutable import MutableDict
+from sqlalchemy.ext.mutable import MutableList
+from sqlalchemy.ext.mutable import MutableSet
 from sqlalchemy.orm import attributes
+from sqlalchemy.orm import column_property
+from sqlalchemy.orm import composite
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 from sqlalchemy.orm.instrumentation import ClassManager
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, assert_raises_message, assert_raises
-from sqlalchemy.testing.util import picklers
+from sqlalchemy.orm.mapper import Mapper
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from sqlalchemy.ext.mutable import MutableComposite
-from sqlalchemy.ext.mutable import MutableDict, MutableList, MutableSet
 from sqlalchemy.testing import mock
-from sqlalchemy import event
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
+from sqlalchemy.testing.util import picklers
+from sqlalchemy.types import PickleType
+from sqlalchemy.types import TypeDecorator
+from sqlalchemy.types import VARCHAR
 
 
 class Foo(fixtures.BasicEntity):
diff --git a/test/ext/test_orderinglist.py b/test/ext/test_orderinglist.py
index c417c7153d..a1a6c69188 100644
--- a/test/ext/test_orderinglist.py
+++ b/test/ext/test_orderinglist.py
@@ -1,10 +1,16 @@
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, ForeignKey, String, MetaData
-from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship, mapper, create_session
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import testing
 from sqlalchemy.ext.orderinglist import ordering_list
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
 from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 from sqlalchemy.testing.util import picklers
 
 
@@ -165,11 +171,11 @@ class OrderingListTest(fixtures.TestBase):
         session.add(s1)
         session.flush()
 
-        id = s1.id
+        id_ = s1.id
         session.expunge_all()
         del s1
 
-        srt = session.query(Slide).get(id)
+        srt = session.query(Slide).get(id_)
 
         self.assert_(srt.bullets)
         self.assert_(len(srt.bullets) == 4)
@@ -230,11 +236,11 @@ class OrderingListTest(fixtures.TestBase):
         session.add(s1)
         session.flush()
 
-        id = s1.id
+        id_ = s1.id
         session.expunge_all()
         del s1
 
-        srt = session.query(Slide).get(id)
+        srt = session.query(Slide).get(id_)
 
         self.assert_(srt.bullets)
         self.assert_(len(srt.bullets) == 5)
@@ -248,7 +254,7 @@ class OrderingListTest(fixtures.TestBase):
         session.flush()
         session.expunge_all()
 
-        srt = session.query(Slide).get(id)
+        srt = session.query(Slide).get(id_)
         titles = ["s1/b1", "s1/b2", "s1/b100", "s1/b4", "raw", "raw2"]
         found = [b.text for b in srt.bullets]
         eq_(titles, found)
@@ -287,11 +293,11 @@ class OrderingListTest(fixtures.TestBase):
         session.add(s1)
         session.flush()
 
-        id = s1.id
+        id_ = s1.id
         session.expunge_all()
         del s1
 
-        srt = session.query(Slide).get(id)
+        srt = session.query(Slide).get(id_)
 
         self.assert_(srt.bullets)
         self.assert_(len(srt.bullets) == 6)
@@ -336,11 +342,11 @@ class OrderingListTest(fixtures.TestBase):
         session.add(s1)
         session.flush()
 
-        id = s1.id
+        id_ = s1.id
         session.expunge_all()
         del s1
 
-        srt = session.query(Slide).get(id)
+        srt = session.query(Slide).get(id_)
 
         self.assert_(srt.bullets)
         self.assert_(len(srt.bullets) == 3)
@@ -373,12 +379,12 @@ class OrderingListTest(fixtures.TestBase):
         self.assert_(new_bullet.position == 1)
         self.assert_(len(s1.bullets) == 3)
 
-        id = s1.id
+        id_ = s1.id
 
         session.flush()
         session.expunge_all()
 
-        srt = session.query(Slide).get(id)
+        srt = session.query(Slide).get(id_)
 
         self.assert_(srt.bullets)
         self.assert_(len(srt.bullets) == 3)
diff --git a/test/ext/test_serializer.py b/test/ext/test_serializer.py
index 3173c0234e..e5490146c7 100644
--- a/test/ext/test_serializer.py
+++ b/test/ext/test_serializer.py
@@ -1,34 +1,30 @@
 # coding: utf-8
 
-from sqlalchemy.ext import serializer
+from sqlalchemy import desc
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import join
+from sqlalchemy import literal_column
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    ForeignKey,
-    select,
-    desc,
-    func,
-    util,
-    MetaData,
-    literal_column,
-    join,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    relationship,
-    sessionmaker,
-    scoped_session,
-    class_mapper,
-    mapper,
-    joinedload,
-    configure_mappers,
-    aliased,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, AssertsCompiledSQL
-from sqlalchemy.util import u, ue
+from sqlalchemy.ext import serializer
+from sqlalchemy.orm import aliased
+from sqlalchemy.orm import class_mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import configure_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import joinedload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import scoped_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
+from sqlalchemy.util import ue
 
 
 def pickle_protocols():
diff --git a/test/orm/_fixtures.py b/test/orm/_fixtures.py
index 57a042447a..bb51777a31 100644
--- a/test/orm/_fixtures.py
+++ b/test/orm/_fixtures.py
@@ -1,15 +1,15 @@
-from sqlalchemy import MetaData, Integer, String, ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import util
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    attributes,
-    mapper,
-    relationship,
-    backref,
-    configure_mappers,
-)
+from sqlalchemy.orm import backref
+from sqlalchemy.orm import configure_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
+
 
 __all__ = ()
 
@@ -56,7 +56,26 @@ class FixtureTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
 
     @classmethod
     def _setup_stock_mapping(cls):
-        Node, composite_pk_table, users, Keyword, items, Dingaling, order_items, item_keywords, Item, User, dingalings, Address, keywords, CompositePk, nodes, Order, orders, addresses = (
+        (
+            Node,
+            composite_pk_table,
+            users,
+            Keyword,
+            items,
+            Dingaling,
+            order_items,
+            item_keywords,
+            Item,
+            User,
+            dingalings,
+            Address,
+            keywords,
+            CompositePk,
+            nodes,
+            Order,
+            orders,
+            addresses,
+        ) = (
             cls.classes.Node,
             cls.tables.composite_pk_table,
             cls.tables.users,
diff --git a/test/orm/inheritance/_poly_fixtures.py b/test/orm/inheritance/_poly_fixtures.py
index 668ea61602..cc253a3806 100644
--- a/test/orm/inheritance/_poly_fixtures.py
+++ b/test/orm/inheritance/_poly_fixtures.py
@@ -1,14 +1,15 @@
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, ForeignKey
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    relationship,
-    mapper,
-    create_session,
-    polymorphic_union,
-)
-
-from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL, fixtures
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import polymorphic_union
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
 from sqlalchemy.testing import config
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 
 
 class Company(fixtures.ComparableEntity):
diff --git a/test/orm/inheritance/test_abc_inheritance.py b/test/orm/inheritance/test_abc_inheritance.py
index 55ae264968..9a06bfa06b 100644
--- a/test/orm/inheritance/test_abc_inheritance.py
+++ b/test/orm/inheritance/test_abc_inheritance.py
@@ -1,10 +1,16 @@
-from sqlalchemy import *
-from sqlalchemy.orm import *
-from sqlalchemy.orm.interfaces import ONETOMANY, MANYTOONE
-
-from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy.orm import class_mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import polymorphic_union
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm.interfaces import MANYTOONE
+from sqlalchemy.orm.interfaces import ONETOMANY
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 
 
 def produce_test(parent, child, direction):
diff --git a/test/orm/inheritance/test_abc_polymorphic.py b/test/orm/inheritance/test_abc_polymorphic.py
index 98166c21b5..f430e761f8 100644
--- a/test/orm/inheritance/test_abc_polymorphic.py
+++ b/test/orm/inheritance/test_abc_polymorphic.py
@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
-from sqlalchemy import *
-from sqlalchemy import util
-from sqlalchemy.orm import *
-
-from sqlalchemy.testing.util import function_named
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from test.orm import _fixtures
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
 from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
+from sqlalchemy.testing.util import function_named
 
 
 class ABCTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
diff --git a/test/orm/inheritance/test_assorted_poly.py b/test/orm/inheritance/test_assorted_poly.py
index 43c667abd7..ee869ab223 100644
--- a/test/orm/inheritance/test_assorted_poly.py
+++ b/test/orm/inheritance/test_assorted_poly.py
@@ -3,18 +3,35 @@ These are generally tests derived from specific user issues.
 
 """
 
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
-from sqlalchemy import *
+from sqlalchemy import exists
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import Sequence
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import Unicode
 from sqlalchemy import util
-from sqlalchemy.orm import *
+from sqlalchemy.orm import class_mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import clear_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import join
+from sqlalchemy.orm import joinedload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import joinedload_all
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import polymorphic_union
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Query
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 from sqlalchemy.orm.interfaces import MANYTOONE
 from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsExecutionResults
-from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing.util import function_named
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from test.orm import _fixtures
 from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
+from sqlalchemy.testing.util import function_named
 
 
 class AttrSettable(object):
@@ -485,8 +502,8 @@ def _generate_test(jointype="join1", usedata=False):
 
 for jointype in ["join1", "join2", "join3", "join4"]:
     for data in (True, False):
-        func = _generate_test(jointype, data)
-        setattr(RelationshipTest3, func.__name__, func)
+        _fn = _generate_test(jointype, data)
+        setattr(RelationshipTest3, _fn.__name__, _fn)
 del func
 
 
@@ -1481,7 +1498,8 @@ class MultiLevelTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
 class ManyToManyPolyTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
     @classmethod
     def define_tables(cls, metadata):
-        global base_item_table, item_table, base_item_collection_table, collection_table
+        global base_item_table, item_table
+        global base_item_collection_table, collection_table
         base_item_table = Table(
             "base_item",
             metadata,
diff --git a/test/orm/inheritance/test_basic.py b/test/orm/inheritance/test_basic.py
index d871a6a98c..f2336980c8 100644
--- a/test/orm/inheritance/test_basic.py
+++ b/test/orm/inheritance/test_basic.py
@@ -1,20 +1,48 @@
-import warnings
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, is_, assert_raises, assert_raises_message
-from sqlalchemy import *
-from sqlalchemy import exc as sa_exc, util, event
-from sqlalchemy.orm import *
-from sqlalchemy.orm.util import instance_str
-from sqlalchemy.orm import exc as orm_exc, attributes
-from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import AllOf, CompiledSQL, RegexSQL, Or
-from sqlalchemy.sql import table, column
+from sqlalchemy import Boolean
+from sqlalchemy import case
+from sqlalchemy import column
+from sqlalchemy import event
+from sqlalchemy import exc as sa_exc
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import table
 from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import util
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
+from sqlalchemy.orm import attributes
+from sqlalchemy.orm import class_mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import clear_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import column_property
+from sqlalchemy.orm import composite
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import deferred
+from sqlalchemy.orm import exc as orm_exc
+from sqlalchemy.orm import joinedload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import object_mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import polymorphic_union
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
+from sqlalchemy.orm import synonym
+from sqlalchemy.orm.util import instance_str
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
 from sqlalchemy.testing import engines
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from test.orm import _fixtures
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy import inspect
-from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
-from sqlalchemy.testing.util import gc_collect
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import AllOf
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import CompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import Or
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import RegexSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 
 
 class O2MTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
@@ -1015,7 +1043,8 @@ class M2OUseGetTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
                 # the 'primaryjoin' looks just like "Sub"'s "get" clause
                 # (based on the Base id), and foreign_keys since that join
                 # condition doesn't actually have any fks in it
-                # 'sub':relationship(Sub, primaryjoin=base.c.id==related.c.sub_id,
+                # 'sub':relationship(Sub,
+                # primaryjoin=base.c.id==related.c.sub_id,
                 # foreign_keys=related.c.sub_id)
                 # now we can use this:
                 "sub": relationship(Sub)
@@ -1984,7 +2013,7 @@ class DistinctPKTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
             r"On mapper Mapper\|Employee\|employees, "
             "primary key column 'persons.id' is being "
             "combined with distinct primary key column 'employees.eid' "
-            "in attribute 'id'.  Use explicit properties to give "
+            "in attribute 'id'. Use explicit properties to give "
             "each column its own mapped attribute name.",
             self._do_test,
             True,
diff --git a/test/orm/inheritance/test_concrete.py b/test/orm/inheritance/test_concrete.py
index 3c1b4b08eb..acbf49a203 100644
--- a/test/orm/inheritance/test_concrete.py
+++ b/test/orm/inheritance/test_concrete.py
@@ -1,16 +1,25 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, assert_raises, assert_raises_message
-from sqlalchemy import *
-from sqlalchemy.orm import *
-from sqlalchemy.orm import exc as orm_exc
-from sqlalchemy.testing import *
-import sqlalchemy as sa
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.ext.hybrid import hybrid_property
 from sqlalchemy.orm import attributes
+from sqlalchemy.orm import class_mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import clear_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import configure_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import joinedload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import polymorphic_union
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
 from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy.ext.hybrid import hybrid_property
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
 from sqlalchemy.testing import mock
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 
 
 class Employee(object):
@@ -72,7 +81,8 @@ class Company(object):
 class ConcreteTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
     @classmethod
     def define_tables(cls, metadata):
-        global managers_table, engineers_table, hackers_table, companies, employees_table
+        global managers_table, engineers_table, hackers_table
+        global companies, employees_table
         companies = Table(
             "companies",
             metadata,
diff --git a/test/orm/inheritance/test_manytomany.py b/test/orm/inheritance/test_manytomany.py
index c7196a365c..dc162321fb 100644
--- a/test/orm/inheritance/test_manytomany.py
+++ b/test/orm/inheritance/test_manytomany.py
@@ -1,8 +1,14 @@
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import Sequence
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
+from sqlalchemy.orm import class_mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
 from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
-from sqlalchemy import *
-from sqlalchemy.orm import *
-
-from sqlalchemy import testing
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
 
 
diff --git a/test/orm/inheritance/test_poly_linked_list.py b/test/orm/inheritance/test_poly_linked_list.py
index 55e48f2508..5c3b639c41 100644
--- a/test/orm/inheritance/test_poly_linked_list.py
+++ b/test/orm/inheritance/test_poly_linked_list.py
@@ -1,9 +1,15 @@
-from sqlalchemy import *
-from sqlalchemy.orm import *
-
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy.orm import backref
+from sqlalchemy.orm import clear_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import configure_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 
 
 class PolymorphicCircularTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
diff --git a/test/orm/inheritance/test_poly_loading.py b/test/orm/inheritance/test_poly_loading.py
index 8f4abae41a..8f1dc01888 100644
--- a/test/orm/inheritance/test_poly_loading.py
+++ b/test/orm/inheritance/test_poly_loading.py
@@ -1,25 +1,27 @@
-from sqlalchemy import String, Integer, Column, ForeignKey
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    relationship,
-    Session,
-    joinedload,
-    selectin_polymorphic,
-    selectinload,
-    with_polymorphic,
-    backref,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy.orm import backref
+from sqlalchemy.orm import joinedload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import selectin_polymorphic
+from sqlalchemy.orm import selectinload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import with_polymorphic
 from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
-from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import AllOf, CompiledSQL, EachOf, Or
-from ._poly_fixtures import (
-    Company,
-    Person,
-    Engineer,
-    Manager,
-    _Polymorphic,
-    GeometryFixtureBase,
-)
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import AllOf
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import CompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import EachOf
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import Or
+from ._poly_fixtures import _Polymorphic
+from ._poly_fixtures import Company
+from ._poly_fixtures import Engineer
+from ._poly_fixtures import GeometryFixtureBase
+from ._poly_fixtures import Manager
+from ._poly_fixtures import Person
 
 
 class BaseAndSubFixture(object):
@@ -102,9 +104,11 @@ class BaseAndSubFixture(object):
             AllOf(
                 EachOf(
                     CompiledSQL(
-                        "SELECT asub.id AS asub_id, a.id AS a_id, a.type AS a_type, "
+                        "SELECT asub.id AS asub_id, a.id AS a_id, "
+                        "a.type AS a_type, "
                         "asub.asubdata AS asub_asubdata FROM a JOIN asub "
-                        "ON a.id = asub.id WHERE a.id IN ([EXPANDING_primary_keys]) "
+                        "ON a.id = asub.id "
+                        "WHERE a.id IN ([EXPANDING_primary_keys]) "
                         "ORDER BY a.id",
                         {"primary_keys": [2]},
                     ),
diff --git a/test/orm/inheritance/test_poly_persistence.py b/test/orm/inheritance/test_poly_persistence.py
index 67ae78fb45..635f91b87b 100644
--- a/test/orm/inheritance/test_poly_persistence.py
+++ b/test/orm/inheritance/test_poly_persistence.py
@@ -1,15 +1,23 @@
 """tests basic polymorphic mapper loading/saving, minimal relationships"""
 
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, is_, assert_raises, assert_raises_message
-from sqlalchemy import *
-from sqlalchemy.orm import *
-from sqlalchemy.orm import exc as orm_exc
 from sqlalchemy import exc as sa_exc
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing.util import function_named
-from test.orm import _fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import polymorphic_union
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.util import function_named
 
 
 class Person(fixtures.ComparableEntity):
@@ -505,19 +513,19 @@ def _generate_round_trip_test(
 
 for lazy_relationship in [True, False]:
     for redefine_colprop in [True, False]:
-        for with_polymorphic in ["unions", "joins", "auto", "none"]:
-            if with_polymorphic == "unions":
+        for with_polymorphic_ in ["unions", "joins", "auto", "none"]:
+            if with_polymorphic_ == "unions":
                 for include_base in [True, False]:
                     _generate_round_trip_test(
                         include_base,
                         lazy_relationship,
                         redefine_colprop,
-                        with_polymorphic,
+                        with_polymorphic_,
                     )
             else:
                 _generate_round_trip_test(
                     False,
                     lazy_relationship,
                     redefine_colprop,
-                    with_polymorphic,
+                    with_polymorphic_,
                 )
diff --git a/test/orm/inheritance/test_polymorphic_rel.py b/test/orm/inheritance/test_polymorphic_rel.py
index a0279f9e71..508de986c1 100644
--- a/test/orm/inheritance/test_polymorphic_rel.py
+++ b/test/orm/inheritance/test_polymorphic_rel.py
@@ -1,34 +1,29 @@
-from sqlalchemy import func, desc, select
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    interfaces,
-    create_session,
-    joinedload,
-    joinedload_all,
-    subqueryload,
-    subqueryload_all,
-    aliased,
-    class_mapper,
-    with_polymorphic,
-)
+from sqlalchemy import desc
 from sqlalchemy import exc as sa_exc
-
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import select
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises, eq_
-
-from ._poly_fixtures import (
-    Company,
-    Person,
-    Engineer,
-    Manager,
-    Boss,
-    Machine,
-    Paperwork,
-    _Polymorphic,
-    _PolymorphicPolymorphic,
-    _PolymorphicUnions,
-    _PolymorphicJoins,
-    _PolymorphicAliasedJoins,
-)
+from sqlalchemy.orm import aliased
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import joinedload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import joinedload_all
+from sqlalchemy.orm import subqueryload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import subqueryload_all
+from sqlalchemy.orm import with_polymorphic
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from ._poly_fixtures import _Polymorphic
+from ._poly_fixtures import _PolymorphicAliasedJoins
+from ._poly_fixtures import _PolymorphicJoins
+from ._poly_fixtures import _PolymorphicPolymorphic
+from ._poly_fixtures import _PolymorphicUnions
+from ._poly_fixtures import Boss
+from ._poly_fixtures import Company
+from ._poly_fixtures import Engineer
+from ._poly_fixtures import Machine
+from ._poly_fixtures import Manager
+from ._poly_fixtures import Paperwork
+from ._poly_fixtures import Person
 
 
 class _PolymorphicTestBase(object):
diff --git a/test/orm/inheritance/test_productspec.py b/test/orm/inheritance/test_productspec.py
index 24ed47f702..4174d01e85 100644
--- a/test/orm/inheritance/test_productspec.py
+++ b/test/orm/inheritance/test_productspec.py
@@ -1,10 +1,19 @@
 from datetime import datetime
-from sqlalchemy import *
-from sqlalchemy.orm import *
 
-from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import DateTime
+from sqlalchemy import Float
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import LargeBinary
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy.orm import backref
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import deferred
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 
 
 class InheritTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
diff --git a/test/orm/inheritance/test_relationship.py b/test/orm/inheritance/test_relationship.py
index a16d9dc346..887453b1bf 100644
--- a/test/orm/inheritance/test_relationship.py
+++ b/test/orm/inheritance/test_relationship.py
@@ -1,25 +1,27 @@
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    create_session,
-    relationship,
-    mapper,
-    contains_eager,
-    joinedload,
-    subqueryload,
-    subqueryload_all,
-    Session,
-    aliased,
-    with_polymorphic,
-    joinedload_all,
-    backref,
-)
-
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, ForeignKey, select, func
-from sqlalchemy.engine import default
-
-from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL, fixtures
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises, eq_, is_
+from sqlalchemy.orm import aliased
+from sqlalchemy.orm import backref
+from sqlalchemy.orm import contains_eager
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import joinedload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import joinedload_all
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import subqueryload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import subqueryload_all
+from sqlalchemy.orm import with_polymorphic
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 
 
 class Company(fixtures.ComparableEntity):
diff --git a/test/orm/inheritance/test_selects.py b/test/orm/inheritance/test_selects.py
index cd7e3be40b..335b55e2b1 100644
--- a/test/orm/inheritance/test_selects.py
+++ b/test/orm/inheritance/test_selects.py
@@ -1,10 +1,14 @@
-from sqlalchemy import String, Integer, ForeignKey, select
-from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper, Session
-
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures, eq_
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 
 
 class InheritingSelectablesTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
diff --git a/test/orm/inheritance/test_single.py b/test/orm/inheritance/test_single.py
index 13e1937a4d..aae9312d41 100644
--- a/test/orm/inheritance/test_single.py
+++ b/test/orm/inheritance/test_single.py
@@ -1,12 +1,26 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
-from sqlalchemy import *
-from sqlalchemy.orm import *
-
-from sqlalchemy import testing
-from test.orm import _fixtures
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures, AssertsCompiledSQL
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import func
 from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import literal
+from sqlalchemy import literal_column
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy.orm import aliased
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Bundle
+from sqlalchemy.orm import class_mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import joinedload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
+from sqlalchemy.orm import subqueryload
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 
 
 class SingleInheritanceTest(testing.AssertsCompiledSQL, fixtures.MappedTest):
@@ -615,7 +629,15 @@ class RelationshipToSingleTest(
             pass
 
     def test_of_type(self):
-        JuniorEngineer, Company, companies, Manager, Employee, employees, Engineer = (
+        (
+            JuniorEngineer,
+            Company,
+            companies,
+            Manager,
+            Employee,
+            employees,
+            Engineer,
+        ) = (
             self.classes.JuniorEngineer,
             self.classes.Company,
             self.tables.companies,
@@ -1026,7 +1048,15 @@ class RelationshipToSingleTest(
             )
 
     def test_relationship_to_subclass(self):
-        JuniorEngineer, Company, companies, Manager, Employee, employees, Engineer = (
+        (
+            JuniorEngineer,
+            Company,
+            companies,
+            Manager,
+            Employee,
+            employees,
+            Engineer,
+        ) = (
             self.classes.JuniorEngineer,
             self.classes.Company,
             self.tables.companies,
diff --git a/test/orm/inheritance/test_with_poly.py b/test/orm/inheritance/test_with_poly.py
index 014eb15345..3ff6c191c4 100644
--- a/test/orm/inheritance/test_with_poly.py
+++ b/test/orm/inheritance/test_with_poly.py
@@ -1,42 +1,19 @@
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, ForeignKey, func, desc, and_, or_
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    interfaces,
-    relationship,
-    mapper,
-    clear_mappers,
-    create_session,
-    joinedload,
-    joinedload_all,
-    subqueryload,
-    subqueryload_all,
-    polymorphic_union,
-    aliased,
-    class_mapper,
-    with_polymorphic,
-)
-from sqlalchemy import exc as sa_exc
-from sqlalchemy.engine import default
-
-from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL, fixtures
+from sqlalchemy import and_
+from sqlalchemy import or_
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises, eq_
-
-from ._poly_fixtures import (
-    Company,
-    Person,
-    Engineer,
-    Manager,
-    Boss,
-    Machine,
-    Paperwork,
-    _PolymorphicFixtureBase,
-    _Polymorphic,
-    _PolymorphicPolymorphic,
-    _PolymorphicUnions,
-    _PolymorphicJoins,
-    _PolymorphicAliasedJoins,
-)
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import with_polymorphic
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from ._poly_fixtures import _Polymorphic
+from ._poly_fixtures import _PolymorphicAliasedJoins
+from ._poly_fixtures import _PolymorphicFixtureBase
+from ._poly_fixtures import _PolymorphicJoins
+from ._poly_fixtures import _PolymorphicPolymorphic
+from ._poly_fixtures import _PolymorphicUnions
+from ._poly_fixtures import Boss
+from ._poly_fixtures import Engineer
+from ._poly_fixtures import Manager
+from ._poly_fixtures import Person
 
 
 class _WithPolymorphicBase(_PolymorphicFixtureBase):
diff --git a/test/orm/test_association.py b/test/orm/test_association.py
index 823f000253..669b1dc484 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_association.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_association.py
@@ -1,9 +1,15 @@
-from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, ForeignKey, func, select
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper, relationship, create_session
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
 from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 
 
 class AssociationTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
diff --git a/test/orm/test_assorted_eager.py b/test/orm/test_assorted_eager.py
index 711dd2a991..0c2dcdf3da 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_assorted_eager.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_assorted_eager.py
@@ -9,12 +9,19 @@ be cleaned up and modernized.
 import datetime
 
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, ForeignKey, table, text
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper, relationship, backref, create_session
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy.orm import backref
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
 from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 
 
 class EagerTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
@@ -268,8 +275,8 @@ class EagerTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
             sa.and_(
                 tests.c.owner_id == 1,
                 sa.or_(
-                    options.c.someoption == None,  # noqa
-                    options.c.someoption == False,
+                    options.c.someoption == None,
+                    options.c.someoption == False,  # noqa
                 ),
             )
         )
@@ -292,8 +299,8 @@ class EagerTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
             sa.and_(
                 tests.c.owner_id == 1,
                 sa.or_(
-                    options.c.someoption == None,  # noqa
-                    options.c.someoption == False,
+                    options.c.someoption == None,
+                    options.c.someoption == False,  # noqa
                 ),
             )
         ).outerjoin("owner_option")
@@ -706,7 +713,16 @@ class EagerTest5(fixtures.MappedTest):
                 self.comment = comment
 
     def test_basic(self):
-        Comment, Derived, derived, comments, DerivedII, Base, base, derivedII = (
+        (
+            Comment,
+            Derived,
+            derived,
+            comments,
+            DerivedII,
+            Base,
+            base,
+            derivedII,
+        ) = (
             self.classes.Comment,
             self.classes.Derived,
             self.tables.derived,
@@ -836,7 +852,16 @@ class EagerTest6(fixtures.MappedTest):
             pass
 
     def test_one(self):
-        Part, inherited_part, design_types, DesignType, parts, design, Design, InheritedPart = (
+        (
+            Part,
+            inherited_part,
+            design_types,
+            DesignType,
+            parts,
+            design,
+            Design,
+            InheritedPart,
+        ) = (
             self.classes.Part,
             self.tables.inherited_part,
             self.tables.design_types,
diff --git a/test/orm/test_attributes.py b/test/orm/test_attributes.py
index 9dd3889893..2690c7442b 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_attributes.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_attributes.py
@@ -1,24 +1,26 @@
 import pickle
-from sqlalchemy.orm import attributes, instrumentation, exc as orm_exc
-from sqlalchemy.orm.collections import collection
-from sqlalchemy.orm.interfaces import AttributeExtension
-from sqlalchemy import exc as sa_exc
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    eq_,
-    ne_,
-    assert_raises,
-    assert_raises_message,
-    is_true,
-    is_false,
-    is_,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from sqlalchemy.testing.util import gc_collect, all_partial_orderings
-from sqlalchemy.util import jython
+
 from sqlalchemy import event
+from sqlalchemy import exc as sa_exc
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import Mock, call
+from sqlalchemy.orm import attributes
+from sqlalchemy.orm import exc as orm_exc
+from sqlalchemy.orm import instrumentation
+from sqlalchemy.orm.collections import collection
+from sqlalchemy.orm.interfaces import AttributeExtension
 from sqlalchemy.orm.state import InstanceState
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_false
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_true
+from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import call
+from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import Mock
+from sqlalchemy.testing.util import all_partial_orderings
+from sqlalchemy.testing.util import gc_collect
+
 
 # global for pickling tests
 MyTest = None
@@ -3707,11 +3709,11 @@ class ListenerTest(fixtures.ORMTest):
                 classes[2], "attrib", uselist=False, useobject=False
             )
 
-        def set(state, value, oldvalue, initiator):
+        def set_(state, value, oldvalue, initiator):
             canary.append(value)
 
         def events_a():
-            event.listen(classes[0].attrib, "set", set, propagate=True)
+            event.listen(classes[0].attrib, "set", set_, propagate=True)
 
         def teardown():
             classes[:] = [None, None, None]
diff --git a/test/orm/test_backref_mutations.py b/test/orm/test_backref_mutations.py
index 7faa650d72..8647ddb785 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_backref_mutations.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_backref_mutations.py
@@ -9,23 +9,15 @@ UPDATE in the database.
 
 """
 
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises, assert_raises_message
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, ForeignKey, Sequence, exc as sa_exc
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    mapper,
-    relationship,
-    create_session,
-    class_mapper,
-    backref,
-    sessionmaker,
-    Session,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.orm import attributes, exc as orm_exc
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, is_
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.orm import attributes
+from sqlalchemy.orm import backref
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
 from test.orm import _fixtures
 
 
diff --git a/test/orm/test_bind.py b/test/orm/test_bind.py
index 5c87d9429a..3ca2c10218 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_bind.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_bind.py
@@ -1,14 +1,23 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
-from sqlalchemy import MetaData, Integer, ForeignKey
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
-from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper, create_session
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures, eq_, engines, is_
-from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship, Session, backref, sessionmaker
-from test.orm import _fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.orm import backref
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import engines
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
 from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import Mock
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
+from test.orm import _fixtures
 
 
 class BindIntegrationTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest):
diff --git a/test/orm/test_bulk.py b/test/orm/test_bulk.py
index 1d253a9078..7d591e906c 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_bulk.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_bulk.py
@@ -1,11 +1,16 @@
+from sqlalchemy import FetchedValue
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy.testing import mock
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, ForeignKey, FetchedValue
-from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper, Session
+from sqlalchemy.testing import mock
 from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import CompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 from test.orm import _fixtures
 
 
diff --git a/test/orm/test_bundle.py b/test/orm/test_bundle.py
index 9b27d247df..a17a00ed0d 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_bundle.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_bundle.py
@@ -1,10 +1,19 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures, eq_
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy.orm import Bundle, Session
-from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, select, ForeignKey, String, func
-from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper, relationship, aliased
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy.orm import aliased
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Bundle
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 from sqlalchemy.sql.elements import ClauseList
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 
 
 class BundleTest(fixtures.MappedTest, AssertsCompiledSQL):
diff --git a/test/orm/test_cascade.py b/test/orm/test_cascade.py
index 9aaf765927..1cd9d344ff 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_cascade.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_cascade.py
@@ -1,32 +1,32 @@
 import copy
 
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises, assert_raises_message
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    ForeignKey,
-    exc as sa_exc,
-    util,
-    select,
-    func,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    mapper,
-    relationship,
-    create_session,
-    sessionmaker,
-    class_mapper,
-    backref,
-    Session,
-    util as orm_util,
-    configure_mappers,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.orm.attributes import instance_state
-from sqlalchemy.orm import attributes, exc as orm_exc, object_mapper
+from sqlalchemy import exc as sa_exc
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import util
+from sqlalchemy.orm import attributes
+from sqlalchemy.orm import backref
+from sqlalchemy.orm import class_mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import configure_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import exc as orm_exc
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import object_mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
+from sqlalchemy.orm import util as orm_util
+from sqlalchemy.orm.attributes import instance_state
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
 from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 from test.orm import _fixtures
 
 
@@ -226,7 +226,16 @@ class O2MCascadeDeleteOrphanTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
 
     @classmethod
     def setup_mappers(cls):
-        users, Dingaling, Order, User, dingalings, Address, orders, addresses = (
+        (
+            users,
+            Dingaling,
+            Order,
+            User,
+            dingalings,
+            Address,
+            orders,
+            addresses,
+        ) = (
             cls.tables.users,
             cls.classes.Dingaling,
             cls.classes.Order,
@@ -2145,8 +2154,8 @@ class M2MCascadeTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
             A,
             a,
             properties={
-                # if no backref here, delete-orphan failed until [ticket:427] was
-                # fixed
+                # if no backref here, delete-orphan failed until #
+                # [ticket:427] was fixed
                 "bs": relationship(
                     B,
                     secondary=atob,
@@ -3821,7 +3830,14 @@ class SubclassCascadeTest(fixtures.DeclarativeMappedTest):
             __mapper_args__ = {"polymorphic_identity": "java_language"}
 
     def test_cascade_iterator_polymorphic(self):
-        Company, Employee, Engineer, Language, JavaLanguage, MavenBuild = self.classes(
+        (
+            Company,
+            Employee,
+            Engineer,
+            Language,
+            JavaLanguage,
+            MavenBuild,
+        ) = self.classes(
             "Company",
             "Employee",
             "Engineer",
@@ -3854,7 +3870,14 @@ class SubclassCascadeTest(fixtures.DeclarativeMappedTest):
         eq_(set([rec[0] for rec in it]), set([maven_build, lang]))
 
     def test_delete_orphan_round_trip(self):
-        Company, Employee, Engineer, Language, JavaLanguage, MavenBuild = self.classes(
+        (
+            Company,
+            Employee,
+            Engineer,
+            Language,
+            JavaLanguage,
+            MavenBuild,
+        ) = self.classes(
             "Company",
             "Employee",
             "Engineer",
diff --git a/test/orm/test_collection.py b/test/orm/test_collection.py
index 363104596f..3ff0129c0f 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_collection.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_collection.py
@@ -1,23 +1,27 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, ne_
 from operator import and_
 
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from sqlalchemy import exc as sa_exc
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy import util
+from sqlalchemy.orm import attributes
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import instrumentation
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
 import sqlalchemy.orm.collections as collections
 from sqlalchemy.orm.collections import collection
-
-import sqlalchemy as sa
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, ForeignKey, text
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy import util, exc as sa_exc
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    create_session,
-    mapper,
-    relationship,
-    attributes,
-    instrumentation,
-)
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises, assert_raises_message
-from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy.testing import ne_
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 
 
 class Canary(sa.orm.interfaces.AttributeExtension):
@@ -75,8 +79,8 @@ class CollectionsTest(fixtures.ORMTest):
 
     @classmethod
     def dictable_entity(cls, a=None, b=None, c=None):
-        id = cls._entity_id = cls._entity_id + 1
-        return cls.Entity(a or str(id), b or "value %s" % id, c)
+        id_ = cls._entity_id = cls._entity_id + 1
+        return cls.Entity(a or str(id_), b or "value %s" % id, c)
 
     def _test_adapter(self, typecallable, creator=None, to_set=None):
         if creator is None:
diff --git a/test/orm/test_compile.py b/test/orm/test_compile.py
index 9ef346170b..de8e19bad6 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_compile.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_compile.py
@@ -1,9 +1,20 @@
-from sqlalchemy import *
+from sqlalchemy import Column
 from sqlalchemy import exc as sa_exc
-from sqlalchemy.orm import *
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
+from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import Unicode
+from sqlalchemy.orm import backref
+from sqlalchemy.orm import clear_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import configure_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
 from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from sqlalchemy import testing
 
 
 class CompileTest(fixtures.ORMTest):
diff --git a/test/orm/test_composites.py b/test/orm/test_composites.py
index 5126964c98..3fef87a0ec 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_composites.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_composites.py
@@ -1,18 +1,22 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises, assert_raises_message
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, ForeignKey, select
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    mapper,
-    relationship,
-    CompositeProperty,
-    aliased,
-    persistence,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.orm import composite, Session, configure_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import aliased
+from sqlalchemy.orm import composite
+from sqlalchemy.orm import CompositeProperty
+from sqlalchemy.orm import configure_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import persistence
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
 from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 
 
 class PointTest(fixtures.MappedTest, testing.AssertsCompiledSQL):
@@ -492,8 +496,8 @@ class PrimaryKeyTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
         graphs = cls.tables.graphs
 
         class Version(cls.Comparable):
-            def __init__(self, id, version):
-                self.id = id
+            def __init__(self, id_, version):
+                self.id = id_
                 self.version = version
 
             def __composite_values__(self):
diff --git a/test/orm/test_cycles.py b/test/orm/test_cycles.py
index 5f1c63f999..8cf4e4b5c6 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_cycles.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_cycles.py
@@ -5,24 +5,29 @@ T1<->T2, with o2m or m2o between them, and a third T3 with o2m/m2o to one/both
 T1/T2.
 
 """
-from sqlalchemy import testing
+from itertools import count
+
+from sqlalchemy import bindparam
 from sqlalchemy import event
-from sqlalchemy.testing import mock
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, ForeignKey
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    mapper,
-    relationship,
-    backref,
-    create_session,
-    sessionmaker,
-    Session,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, is_
-from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import RegexSQL, CompiledSQL, AllOf
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy.orm import backref
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from itertools import count
-from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import mock
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import AllOf
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import CompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import RegexSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 
 
 class SelfReferentialTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
@@ -1679,9 +1684,6 @@ class PostUpdateBatchingTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
         )
 
 
-from sqlalchemy import bindparam
-
-
 class PostUpdateOnUpdateTest(fixtures.DeclarativeMappedTest):
     @classmethod
     def setup_classes(cls):
diff --git a/test/orm/test_default_strategies.py b/test/orm/test_default_strategies.py
index 82ba7c4bb2..53309b282b 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_default_strategies.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_default_strategies.py
@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
-from test.orm import _fixtures
+import sqlalchemy as sa
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper, relationship, create_session
 from sqlalchemy import util
-import sqlalchemy as sa
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from test.orm import _fixtures
 
 
 class DefaultStrategyOptionsTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest):
@@ -36,7 +39,20 @@ class DefaultStrategyOptionsTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest):
         self.assert_sql_count(testing.db, go, 0)
 
     def _downgrade_fixture(self):
-        users, Keyword, items, order_items, orders, Item, User, Address, keywords, item_keywords, Order, addresses = (
+        (
+            users,
+            Keyword,
+            items,
+            order_items,
+            orders,
+            Item,
+            User,
+            Address,
+            keywords,
+            item_keywords,
+            Order,
+            addresses,
+        ) = (
             self.tables.users,
             self.classes.Keyword,
             self.tables.items,
@@ -97,7 +113,20 @@ class DefaultStrategyOptionsTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest):
         return create_session()
 
     def _upgrade_fixture(self):
-        users, Keyword, items, order_items, orders, Item, User, Address, keywords, item_keywords, Order, addresses = (
+        (
+            users,
+            Keyword,
+            items,
+            order_items,
+            orders,
+            Item,
+            User,
+            Address,
+            keywords,
+            item_keywords,
+            Order,
+            addresses,
+        ) = (
             self.tables.users,
             self.classes.Keyword,
             self.tables.items,
diff --git a/test/orm/test_defaults.py b/test/orm/test_defaults.py
index 878cc430bf..40e72ad740 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_defaults.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_defaults.py
@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
 import sqlalchemy as sa
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, ForeignKey, event
-from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper, relationship, create_session
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy import event
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
 from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 
 
 class TriggerDefaultsTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
diff --git a/test/orm/test_deferred.py b/test/orm/test_deferred.py
index 29dd6947ea..3c81728502 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_deferred.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_deferred.py
@@ -1,43 +1,38 @@
 import sqlalchemy as sa
-from sqlalchemy import testing, util
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    mapper,
-    deferred,
-    defer,
-    undefer,
-    Load,
-    load_only,
-    undefer_group,
-    create_session,
-    synonym,
-    relationship,
-    Session,
-    joinedload,
-    defaultload,
-    aliased,
-    contains_eager,
-    with_polymorphic,
-    query_expression,
-    with_expression,
-    subqueryload,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, AssertsCompiledSQL, assert_raises_message
-from test.orm import _fixtures
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import util
+from sqlalchemy.orm import aliased
+from sqlalchemy.orm import contains_eager
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import defaultload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import defer
+from sqlalchemy.orm import deferred
+from sqlalchemy.orm import joinedload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Load
+from sqlalchemy.orm import load_only
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import query_expression
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import subqueryload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import synonym
+from sqlalchemy.orm import undefer
+from sqlalchemy.orm import undefer_group
+from sqlalchemy.orm import with_expression
+from sqlalchemy.orm import with_polymorphic
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-
-
-from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import (
-    Company,
-    Person,
-    Engineer,
-    Manager,
-    Boss,
-    Machine,
-    Paperwork,
-    _Polymorphic,
-)
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from test.orm import _fixtures
+from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import _Polymorphic
+from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import Boss
+from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import Company
+from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import Manager
+from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import Person
 
 
 class DeferredTest(AssertsCompiledSQL, _fixtures.FixtureTest):
@@ -594,10 +589,13 @@ class DeferredOptionsTest(AssertsCompiledSQL, _fixtures.FixtureTest):
                     {"id_1": 7},
                 ),
                 (
-                    "SELECT orders.user_id AS orders_user_id, orders.description "
+                    "SELECT orders.user_id AS orders_user_id, "
+                    "orders.description "
                     "AS orders_description, orders.isopen AS orders_isopen, "
-                    "orders.id AS orders_id, orders.address_id AS orders_address_id "
-                    "FROM orders WHERE :param_1 = orders.user_id ORDER BY orders.id",
+                    "orders.id AS orders_id, orders.address_id "
+                    "AS orders_address_id "
+                    "FROM orders WHERE :param_1 = orders.user_id "
+                    "ORDER BY orders.id",
                     {"param_1": 7},
                 ),
             ],
@@ -654,10 +652,13 @@ class DeferredOptionsTest(AssertsCompiledSQL, _fixtures.FixtureTest):
                     {"id_1": 7},
                 ),
                 (
-                    "SELECT orders.user_id AS orders_user_id, orders.description "
+                    "SELECT orders.user_id AS orders_user_id, "
+                    "orders.description "
                     "AS orders_description, orders.isopen AS orders_isopen, "
-                    "orders.id AS orders_id, orders.address_id AS orders_address_id, "
-                    "anon_1.users_id AS anon_1_users_id FROM (SELECT users.id AS "
+                    "orders.id AS orders_id, "
+                    "orders.address_id AS orders_address_id, "
+                    "anon_1.users_id AS anon_1_users_id "
+                    "FROM (SELECT users.id AS "
                     "users_id FROM users WHERE users.id = :id_1) AS anon_1 "
                     "JOIN orders ON anon_1.users_id = orders.user_id ORDER BY "
                     "anon_1.users_id, orders.id",
@@ -713,8 +714,9 @@ class DeferredOptionsTest(AssertsCompiledSQL, _fixtures.FixtureTest):
             [
                 (
                     "SELECT users.id AS users_id, users.name AS users_name, "
-                    "orders_1.user_id AS orders_1_user_id, orders_1.description AS "
-                    "orders_1_description, orders_1.isopen AS orders_1_isopen, "
+                    "orders_1.user_id AS orders_1_user_id, "
+                    "orders_1.description AS orders_1_description, "
+                    "orders_1.isopen AS orders_1_isopen, "
                     "orders_1.id AS orders_1_id, orders_1.address_id AS "
                     "orders_1_address_id FROM users "
                     "LEFT OUTER JOIN orders AS orders_1 ON users.id = "
@@ -777,7 +779,8 @@ class DeferredOptionsTest(AssertsCompiledSQL, _fixtures.FixtureTest):
                     "SELECT users.id AS users_id, users.name AS users_name, "
                     "orders_1.user_id AS orders_1_user_id, "
                     "lower(orders_1.description) AS lower_1, "
-                    "orders_1.isopen AS orders_1_isopen, orders_1.id AS orders_1_id, "
+                    "orders_1.isopen AS orders_1_isopen, "
+                    "orders_1.id AS orders_1_id, "
                     "orders_1.address_id AS orders_1_address_id, "
                     "orders_1.description AS orders_1_description FROM users "
                     "LEFT OUTER JOIN orders AS orders_1 ON users.id = "
@@ -1162,7 +1165,8 @@ class DeferredOptionsTest(AssertsCompiledSQL, _fixtures.FixtureTest):
             "orders_1.id AS orders_1_id FROM users "
             "LEFT OUTER JOIN addresses AS addresses_1 "
             "ON users.id = addresses_1.user_id "
-            "LEFT OUTER JOIN orders AS orders_1 ON users.id = orders_1.user_id",
+            "LEFT OUTER JOIN orders AS orders_1 "
+            "ON users.id = orders_1.user_id",
         )
 
 
diff --git a/test/orm/test_deprecations.py b/test/orm/test_deprecations.py
index fa051e8840..195012b994 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_deprecations.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_deprecations.py
@@ -10,17 +10,23 @@ be migrated directly to the wiki, docs, etc.
     and in modern use illustrates trivial use cases that don't need
     an additional test suite.
 
-
 """
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, ForeignKey, func, text
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
-from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper, relationship, create_session, sessionmaker
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 
 
 class QueryAlternativesTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
-    '''Collects modern idioms for Queries
+    r'''Collects modern idioms for Queries
 
     The docstring for each test case serves as miniature documentation about
     the deprecated use case, and the test body illustrates (and covers) the
@@ -30,22 +36,22 @@ class QueryAlternativesTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
     cases remain useful to readers even after the deprecated method has been
     removed from the modern codebase.
 
-    Format:
+    Format::
 
-    def test_deprecated_thing(self):
-        """Query.methodname(old, arg, **signature)
+        def test_deprecated_thing(self):
+            """Query.methodname(old, arg, **signature)
 
-        output = session.query(User).deprecatedmethod(inputs)
+            output = session.query(User).deprecatedmethod(inputs)
 
-        """
+            """
 
-        # 0.4+
-        output = session.query(User).newway(inputs)
-        assert output is correct
+            # 0.4+
+            output = session.query(User).newway(inputs)
+            assert output is correct
 
-        # 0.5+
-        output = session.query(User).evennewerway(inputs)
-        assert output is correct
+            # 0.5+
+            output = session.query(User).evennewerway(inputs)
+            assert output is correct
 
     '''
 
@@ -169,11 +175,11 @@ class QueryAlternativesTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
 
         # 0.5.0
         maxes = list(session.query(Address).values(func.max(Address.bounces)))
-        max = maxes[0][0]
-        assert max == 10
+        max_ = maxes[0][0]
+        assert max_ == 10
 
-        max = session.query(func.max(Address.bounces)).one()[0]
-        assert max == 10
+        max_ = session.query(func.max(Address.bounces)).one()[0]
+        assert max_ == 10
 
     def test_apply_min(self):
         """Query.apply_min(col)
@@ -188,11 +194,11 @@ class QueryAlternativesTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
 
         # 0.5.0
         mins = list(session.query(Address).values(func.min(Address.bounces)))
-        min = mins[0][0]
-        assert min == 0
+        min_ = mins[0][0]
+        assert min_ == 0
 
-        min = session.query(func.min(Address.bounces)).one()[0]
-        assert min == 0
+        min_ = session.query(func.min(Address.bounces)).one()[0]
+        assert min_ == 0
 
     def test_apply_avg(self):
         """Query.apply_avg(col)
@@ -231,7 +237,7 @@ class QueryAlternativesTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
         assert avg == 11
 
     def test_count_by(self):
-        """Query.count_by(*args, **params)
+        r"""Query.count_by(\*args, \**params)
 
         num = session.query(Address).count_by(purpose='Personal')
 
@@ -255,7 +261,7 @@ class QueryAlternativesTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
         assert num == 3, num
 
     def test_count_whereclause(self):
-        """Query.count(whereclause=None, params=None, **kwargs)
+        r"""Query.count(whereclause=None, params=None, \**kwargs)
 
         num = session.query(Address).count(address_table.c.bounces > 1)
 
@@ -269,7 +275,7 @@ class QueryAlternativesTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
         assert num == 1, num
 
     def test_execute(self):
-        """Query.execute(clauseelement, params=None, *args, **kwargs)
+        r"""Query.execute(clauseelement, params=None, \*args, \**kwargs)
 
         users = session.query(User).execute(users_table.select())
 
@@ -283,7 +289,7 @@ class QueryAlternativesTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
         assert len(users) == 4
 
     def test_get_by(self):
-        """Query.get_by(*args, **params)
+        r"""Query.get_by(\*args, \**params)
 
         user = session.query(User).get_by(name='ed')
 
@@ -316,7 +322,7 @@ class QueryAlternativesTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
         assert user.name == "fred"
 
     def test_instances_entities(self):
-        """Query.instances(cursor, *mappers_or_columns, **kwargs)
+        r"""Query.instances(cursor, \*mappers_or_columns, \**kwargs)
 
         sel = users_table.join(addresses_table).select(use_labels=True)
         res = session.query(User).instances(sel.execute(), Address)
@@ -340,7 +346,7 @@ class QueryAlternativesTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
         assert isinstance(cola, User) and isinstance(colb, Address)
 
     def test_join_by(self):
-        """Query.join_by(*args, **params)
+        r"""Query.join_by(\*args, \**params)
 
         TODO
         """
@@ -392,7 +398,7 @@ class QueryAlternativesTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
         assert user.id == 1
 
     def test_select(self):
-        """Query.select(arg=None, **kwargs)
+        r"""Query.select(arg=None, \**kwargs)
 
         users = session.query(User).select(users_table.c.name != None)
 
@@ -406,11 +412,11 @@ class QueryAlternativesTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
         assert len(users) == 4
 
     def test_select_by(self):
-        """Query.select_by(*args, **params)
+        r"""Query.select_by(\*args, \**params)
 
         users = session.query(User).select_by(name='fred')
 
-        # 0.3 magic join on *_by methods
+        # 0.3 magic join on \*_by methods
         users = session.query(User).select_by(email_address='fred@the.fred')
 
         """
@@ -442,7 +448,7 @@ class QueryAlternativesTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
         assert len(users) == 1
 
     def test_selectfirst(self):
-        """Query.selectfirst(arg=None, **kwargs)
+        r"""Query.selectfirst(arg=None, \**kwargs)
 
         bounced = session.query(Address).selectfirst(
           addresses_table.c.bounces > 0)
@@ -457,7 +463,7 @@ class QueryAlternativesTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
         assert bounced.bounces > 0
 
     def test_selectfirst_by(self):
-        """Query.selectfirst_by(*args, **params)
+        r"""Query.selectfirst_by(\*args, \**params)
 
         onebounce = session.query(Address).selectfirst_by(bounces=1)
 
@@ -491,7 +497,7 @@ class QueryAlternativesTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
         assert onebounce_user.name == "jack"
 
     def test_selectone(self):
-        """Query.selectone(arg=None, **kwargs)
+        r"""Query.selectone(arg=None, \**kwargs)
 
         ed = session.query(User).selectone(users_table.c.name == 'ed')
 
@@ -535,7 +541,7 @@ class QueryAlternativesTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
         )
 
     def test_select_statement(self):
-        """Query.select_statement(statement, **params)
+        r"""Query.select_statement(statement, \**params)
 
         users = session.query(User).select_statement(users_table.select())
 
@@ -549,7 +555,7 @@ class QueryAlternativesTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
         assert len(users) == 4
 
     def test_select_text(self):
-        """Query.select_text(text, **params)
+        r"""Query.select_text(text, \**params)
 
         users = session.query(User).select_text('SELECT * FROM users_table')
 
@@ -567,7 +573,7 @@ class QueryAlternativesTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
         assert len(users) == 4
 
     def test_select_whereclause(self):
-        """Query.select_whereclause(whereclause=None, params=None, **kwargs)
+        r"""Query.select_whereclause(whereclause=None, params=None, \**kwargs)
 
 
         users = session,query(User).select_whereclause(users.c.name=='ed')
diff --git a/test/orm/test_descriptor.py b/test/orm/test_descriptor.py
index 798d2af544..1baa82d3d2 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_descriptor.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_descriptor.py
@@ -1,12 +1,16 @@
-from sqlalchemy.orm import descriptor_props, aliased
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
+from sqlalchemy.orm import aliased
+from sqlalchemy.orm import descriptor_props
 from sqlalchemy.orm.interfaces import PropComparator
 from sqlalchemy.orm.properties import ColumnProperty
 from sqlalchemy.sql import column
-from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, func, String
-from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
-from sqlalchemy.util import partial
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
 from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.util import partial
 
 
 class TestDescriptor(descriptor_props.DescriptorProperty):
diff --git a/test/orm/test_dynamic.py b/test/orm/test_dynamic.py
index 09252dda32..b861a9fe57 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_dynamic.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_dynamic.py
@@ -1,25 +1,27 @@
-from sqlalchemy import testing, desc, select, func, exc, cast, Integer
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    mapper,
-    relationship,
-    create_session,
-    Query,
-    attributes,
-    exc as orm_exc,
-    Session,
-    backref,
-    configure_mappers,
-)
+from sqlalchemy import cast
+from sqlalchemy import desc
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy.orm import attributes
+from sqlalchemy.orm import backref
+from sqlalchemy.orm import configure_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import exc as orm_exc
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Query
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 from sqlalchemy.orm.dynamic import AppenderMixin
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    AssertsCompiledSQL,
-    assert_raises_message,
-    assert_raises,
-    eq_,
-    is_,
-)
-from test.orm import _fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
 from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import CompiledSQL
+from test.orm import _fixtures
 
 
 class _DynamicFixture(object):
@@ -740,16 +742,16 @@ class UOWTest(
             eq_(
                 testing.db.scalar(
                     select([func.count("*")]).where(
-                        addresses.c.user_id == None  # noqa
-                    )
+                        addresses.c.user_id == None
+                    )  # noqa
                 ),
                 6,
             )
             eq_(
                 testing.db.scalar(
                     select([func.count("*")]).where(
-                        addresses.c.user_id != None  # noqa
-                    )
+                        addresses.c.user_id != None
+                    )  # noqa
                 ),
                 0,
             )
diff --git a/test/orm/test_eager_relations.py b/test/orm/test_eager_relations.py
index b38f23529d..2b53e5ae81 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_eager_relations.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_eager_relations.py
@@ -1,46 +1,47 @@
 """tests of joined-eager loaded attributes"""
 
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, is_, is_not_, in_
+import datetime
+
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from sqlalchemy import and_
+from sqlalchemy import Date
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    joinedload,
-    deferred,
-    undefer,
-    joinedload_all,
-    backref,
-    Session,
-    defaultload,
-    Load,
-    load_only,
-    contains_eager,
-)
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    Date,
-    ForeignKey,
-    and_,
-    select,
-    func,
-    text,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    mapper,
-    relationship,
-    create_session,
-    lazyload,
-    aliased,
-    column_property,
-)
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy.orm import aliased
+from sqlalchemy.orm import backref
+from sqlalchemy.orm import column_property
+from sqlalchemy.orm import contains_eager
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import defaultload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import deferred
+from sqlalchemy.orm import joinedload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import joinedload_all
+from sqlalchemy.orm import lazyload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Load
+from sqlalchemy.orm import load_only
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import undefer
 from sqlalchemy.sql import operators
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises, assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import expect_warnings
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import in_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_not_
 from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import CompiledSQL
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures, expect_warnings
-from test.orm import _fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 from sqlalchemy.util import OrderedDict as odict
-import datetime
+from test.orm import _fixtures
 
 
 class EagerTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest, testing.AssertsCompiledSQL):
@@ -492,7 +493,18 @@ class EagerTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest, testing.AssertsCompiledSQL):
         self.assert_sql_count(testing.db, go, 1)
 
     def test_options_pathing(self):
-        users, Keyword, orders, items, order_items, Order, Item, User, keywords, item_keywords = (
+        (
+            users,
+            Keyword,
+            orders,
+            items,
+            order_items,
+            Order,
+            Item,
+            User,
+            keywords,
+            item_keywords,
+        ) = (
             self.tables.users,
             self.classes.Keyword,
             self.tables.orders,
@@ -794,7 +806,17 @@ class EagerTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest, testing.AssertsCompiledSQL):
         """Eager loading with two relationships simultaneously,
         from the same table, using aliases."""
 
-        addresses, items, order_items, orders, Item, User, Address, Order, users = (
+        (
+            addresses,
+            items,
+            order_items,
+            orders,
+            Item,
+            User,
+            Address,
+            Order,
+            users,
+        ) = (
             self.tables.addresses,
             self.tables.items,
             self.tables.order_items,
@@ -939,7 +961,17 @@ class EagerTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest, testing.AssertsCompiledSQL):
     def test_limit(self):
         """Limit operations combined with lazy-load relationships."""
 
-        users, items, order_items, orders, Item, User, Address, Order, addresses = (
+        (
+            users,
+            items,
+            order_items,
+            orders,
+            Item,
+            User,
+            Address,
+            Order,
+            addresses,
+        ) = (
             self.tables.users,
             self.tables.items,
             self.tables.order_items,
@@ -1074,7 +1106,17 @@ class EagerTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest, testing.AssertsCompiledSQL):
         'wrapped' select statement resulting from the combination of
         eager loading and limit/offset clauses."""
 
-        addresses, items, order_items, orders, Item, User, Address, Order, users = (
+        (
+            addresses,
+            items,
+            order_items,
+            orders,
+            Item,
+            User,
+            Address,
+            Order,
+            users,
+        ) = (
             self.tables.addresses,
             self.tables.items,
             self.tables.order_items,
@@ -1305,7 +1347,17 @@ class EagerTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest, testing.AssertsCompiledSQL):
         """test that the subquery wrapping only occurs with
         limit/offset and m2m or o2m joins present."""
 
-        users, items, order_items, Order, Item, User, Address, orders, addresses = (
+        (
+            users,
+            items,
+            order_items,
+            Order,
+            Item,
+            User,
+            Address,
+            orders,
+            addresses,
+        ) = (
             self.tables.users,
             self.tables.items,
             self.tables.order_items,
@@ -1739,7 +1791,17 @@ class EagerTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest, testing.AssertsCompiledSQL):
         )
 
     def test_wide(self):
-        users, items, order_items, Order, Item, User, Address, orders, addresses = (
+        (
+            users,
+            items,
+            order_items,
+            Order,
+            Item,
+            User,
+            Address,
+            orders,
+            addresses,
+        ) = (
             self.tables.users,
             self.tables.items,
             self.tables.order_items,
@@ -2272,7 +2334,18 @@ class EagerTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest, testing.AssertsCompiledSQL):
         # test eager join chaining to the "nested" join on the left,
         # a new feature as of [ticket:2369]
 
-        users, Keyword, orders, items, order_items, Order, Item, User, keywords, item_keywords = (
+        (
+            users,
+            Keyword,
+            orders,
+            items,
+            order_items,
+            Order,
+            Item,
+            User,
+            keywords,
+            item_keywords,
+        ) = (
             self.tables.users,
             self.classes.Keyword,
             self.tables.orders,
@@ -2289,8 +2362,8 @@ class EagerTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest, testing.AssertsCompiledSQL):
             User,
             users,
             properties={
-                "orders": relationship(Order, backref="user")  # o2m, m2o
-            },
+                "orders": relationship(Order, backref="user")
+            },  # o2m, m2o
         )
         mapper(
             Order,
@@ -3475,7 +3548,17 @@ class AddEntityTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest):
         ]
 
     def test_mapper_configured(self):
-        users, items, order_items, Order, Item, User, Address, orders, addresses = (
+        (
+            users,
+            items,
+            order_items,
+            Order,
+            Item,
+            User,
+            Address,
+            orders,
+            addresses,
+        ) = (
             self.tables.users,
             self.tables.items,
             self.tables.order_items,
@@ -3525,7 +3608,17 @@ class AddEntityTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest):
         self.assert_sql_count(testing.db, go, 1)
 
     def test_options(self):
-        users, items, order_items, Order, Item, User, Address, orders, addresses = (
+        (
+            users,
+            items,
+            order_items,
+            Order,
+            Item,
+            User,
+            Address,
+            orders,
+            addresses,
+        ) = (
             self.tables.users,
             self.tables.items,
             self.tables.order_items,
@@ -4162,7 +4255,20 @@ class MixedEntitiesTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest, testing.AssertsCompiledSQL):
 
     @classmethod
     def setup_mappers(cls):
-        users, Keyword, items, order_items, orders, Item, User, Address, keywords, Order, item_keywords, addresses = (
+        (
+            users,
+            Keyword,
+            items,
+            order_items,
+            orders,
+            Item,
+            User,
+            Address,
+            keywords,
+            Order,
+            item_keywords,
+            addresses,
+        ) = (
             cls.tables.users,
             cls.classes.Keyword,
             cls.tables.items,
diff --git a/test/orm/test_evaluator.py b/test/orm/test_evaluator.py
index 651c81a858..5bc0544865 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_evaluator.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_evaluator.py
@@ -1,21 +1,24 @@
 """Evaluating SQL expressions on ORM objects"""
 
-from sqlalchemy import String, Integer, bindparam
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-
-from sqlalchemy import and_, or_, not_
+from sqlalchemy import and_
+from sqlalchemy import bindparam
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import not_
+from sqlalchemy import or_
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy.orm import evaluator
 from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
-
-from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship, Session
-from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
-from sqlalchemy.orm import exc as orm_exc
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
-from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
-from sqlalchemy import inspect
 from sqlalchemy.testing import expect_warnings
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
+
 
 compiler = evaluator.EvaluatorCompiler()
 
diff --git a/test/orm/test_events.py b/test/orm/test_events.py
index 1390da4979..bb1a935de3 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_events.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_events.py
@@ -1,33 +1,37 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message, assert_raises
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from sqlalchemy import event
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, String
 from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    mapper,
-    relationship,
-    create_session,
-    class_mapper,
-    Mapper,
-    column_property,
-    query,
-    Session,
-    sessionmaker,
-    attributes,
-    configure_mappers,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.orm.instrumentation import ClassManager
-from sqlalchemy.orm import instrumentation, events
+from sqlalchemy.orm import attributes
+from sqlalchemy.orm import class_mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import column_property
+from sqlalchemy.orm import configure_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import events
 from sqlalchemy.orm import EXT_SKIP
+from sqlalchemy.orm import instrumentation
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import query
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
 from sqlalchemy.orm.mapper import _mapper_registry
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, is_not_, assert_raises
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
 from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_not_
+from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import ANY
+from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import call
+from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import Mock
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 from sqlalchemy.testing.util import gc_collect
 from test.orm import _fixtures
-from sqlalchemy import event
-from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import Mock, call, ANY
 
 
 class _RemoveListeners(object):
@@ -167,7 +171,12 @@ class MapperEventsTest(_RemoveListeners, _fixtures.FixtureTest):
         m = mapper(
             User,
             users,
-            properties={"addresses": relationship(lambda: ImNotAClass)},
+            properties={
+                # intentionally non-existent class to ensure
+                # the lambda is not called, simulates a class from
+                # a not-yet-imported module
+                "addresses": relationship(lambda: ImNotAClass)  # noqa
+            },
         )
         event.listen(User, "before_insert", lambda *a, **kw: None)
         assert not m.configured
diff --git a/test/orm/test_expire.py b/test/orm/test_expire.py
index 875ebd31de..03ef7b03ab 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_expire.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_expire.py
@@ -1,31 +1,33 @@
 """Attribute/instance expiration, deferral of attributes, etc."""
 
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, assert_raises, assert_raises_message
-from sqlalchemy.testing.util import gc_collect
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from sqlalchemy import exc as sa_exc
+from sqlalchemy import FetchedValue
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, ForeignKey, exc as sa_exc, FetchedValue
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    mapper,
-    relationship,
-    create_session,
-    attributes,
-    deferred,
-    exc as orm_exc,
-    defer,
-    undefer,
-    strategies,
-    state,
-    lazyload,
-    backref,
-    Session,
-)
+from sqlalchemy.orm import attributes
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import defer
+from sqlalchemy.orm import deferred
+from sqlalchemy.orm import exc as orm_exc
+from sqlalchemy.orm import lazyload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import make_transient_to_detached
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import strategies
+from sqlalchemy.orm import undefer
+from sqlalchemy.sql import select
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
+from sqlalchemy.testing.util import gc_collect
 from test.orm import _fixtures
-from sqlalchemy.sql import select
-from sqlalchemy.orm import make_transient_to_detached
 
 
 class ExpireTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest):
@@ -1395,7 +1397,7 @@ class PolymorphicExpireTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
         sess.add(e1)
         assert e1.name == "engineer1"
 
-    def test_no_instance_key(self):
+    def test_no_instance_key_pk_absent(self):
         Engineer = self.classes.Engineer
 
         # same as test_no_instance_key, but the PK columns
diff --git a/test/orm/test_froms.py b/test/orm/test_froms.py
index 0640387501..9b68136bdd 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_froms.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_froms.py
@@ -1,55 +1,48 @@
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from sqlalchemy import and_
+from sqlalchemy import asc
+from sqlalchemy import cast
+from sqlalchemy import desc
+from sqlalchemy import exc as sa_exc
+from sqlalchemy import exists
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import literal_column
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    fixtures,
-    eq_,
-    is_,
-    assert_raises,
-    assert_raises_message,
-    AssertsCompiledSQL,
-)
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    exc as sa_exc,
-    util,
-    Integer,
-    Table,
-    String,
-    ForeignKey,
-    select,
-    func,
-    and_,
-    asc,
-    desc,
-    inspect,
-    literal_column,
-    cast,
-    exists,
-    text,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    configure_mappers,
-    Session,
-    mapper,
-    create_session,
-    relationship,
-    column_property,
-    joinedload_all,
-    contains_eager,
-    contains_alias,
-    joinedload,
-    clear_mappers,
-    backref,
-    relation,
-    aliased,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.sql import table, column
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy import util
 from sqlalchemy.engine import default
-import sqlalchemy as sa
+from sqlalchemy.orm import aliased
+from sqlalchemy.orm import backref
+from sqlalchemy.orm import clear_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import column_property
+from sqlalchemy.orm import configure_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import contains_alias
+from sqlalchemy.orm import contains_eager
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import joinedload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import joinedload_all
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relation
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm.util import join
+from sqlalchemy.sql import column
+from sqlalchemy.sql import table
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
 from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
-
 from test.orm import _fixtures
 
-from sqlalchemy.orm.util import join
-
 
 class QueryTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest):
     run_setup_mappers = "once"
@@ -58,7 +51,26 @@ class QueryTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest):
 
     @classmethod
     def setup_mappers(cls):
-        Node, composite_pk_table, users, Keyword, items, Dingaling, order_items, item_keywords, Item, User, dingalings, Address, keywords, CompositePk, nodes, Order, orders, addresses = (
+        (
+            Node,
+            composite_pk_table,
+            users,
+            Keyword,
+            items,
+            Dingaling,
+            order_items,
+            item_keywords,
+            Item,
+            User,
+            dingalings,
+            Address,
+            keywords,
+            CompositePk,
+            nodes,
+            Order,
+            orders,
+            addresses,
+        ) = (
             cls.classes.Node,
             cls.tables.composite_pk_table,
             cls.tables.users,
diff --git a/test/orm/test_generative.py b/test/orm/test_generative.py
index 0e66172a3d..abc666af19 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_generative.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_generative.py
@@ -1,12 +1,15 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, ForeignKey, MetaData, func
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
-from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper, relationship, create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
 from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 from test.orm import _fixtures
 
 
@@ -155,7 +158,7 @@ class GenerativeQueryTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
         assert query.order_by(Foo.bar)[0].bar == 0
         assert query.order_by(sa.desc(Foo.bar))[0].bar == 99
 
-    def test_offset(self):
+    def test_offset_order_by(self):
         Foo = self.classes.Foo
 
         query = create_session().query(Foo)
diff --git a/test/orm/test_hasparent.py b/test/orm/test_hasparent.py
index fe5e05a174..d3a2bf2036 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_hasparent.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_hasparent.py
@@ -1,23 +1,19 @@
 """test the current state of the hasparent() flag."""
 
 
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises, assert_raises_message
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, ForeignKey, Sequence, exc as sa_exc
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    mapper,
-    relationship,
-    create_session,
-    sessionmaker,
-    class_mapper,
-    backref,
-    Session,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.orm import attributes, exc as orm_exc
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
 from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy.orm import attributes
+from sqlalchemy.orm import exc as orm_exc
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
 from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from test.orm import _fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 from sqlalchemy.testing.util import gc_collect
 
 
diff --git a/test/orm/test_immediate_load.py b/test/orm/test_immediate_load.py
index 6a3beeb792..2fdf1afd9c 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_immediate_load.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_immediate_load.py
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 """basic tests of lazy loaded attributes"""
 
-from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper, relationship, create_session, immediateload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import immediateload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
 from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from test.orm import _fixtures
 
diff --git a/test/orm/test_inspect.py b/test/orm/test_inspect.py
index 2c641d026e..ca127580dc 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_inspect.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_inspect.py
@@ -1,20 +1,21 @@
 """test the inspection registry system."""
 
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, assert_raises_message, is_
-from sqlalchemy import exc, util
-from sqlalchemy import inspect
-from test.orm import _fixtures
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    class_mapper,
-    synonym,
-    Session,
-    aliased,
-    relationship,
-)
+from sqlalchemy import exc
 from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
-from sqlalchemy.orm.attributes import instance_state, NO_VALUE
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
 from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy.orm import aliased
+from sqlalchemy.orm import class_mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import synonym
+from sqlalchemy.orm.attributes import instance_state
+from sqlalchemy.orm.attributes import NO_VALUE
 from sqlalchemy.orm.util import identity_key
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from test.orm import _fixtures
 
 
 class TestORMInspection(_fixtures.FixtureTest):
diff --git a/test/orm/test_instrumentation.py b/test/orm/test_instrumentation.py
index b6ed1e42b0..6c2c8e5f81 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_instrumentation.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_instrumentation.py
@@ -1,21 +1,22 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises, assert_raises_message
 import sqlalchemy as sa
-from sqlalchemy import MetaData, Integer, ForeignKey, util, event
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    mapper,
-    relationship,
-    create_session,
-    attributes,
-    class_mapper,
-    clear_mappers,
-    instrumentation,
-    events,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, ne_
+from sqlalchemy import event
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import util
+from sqlalchemy.orm import attributes
+from sqlalchemy.orm import class_mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import instrumentation
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy.testing import ne_
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 
 
 class InitTest(fixtures.ORMTest):
diff --git a/test/orm/test_joins.py b/test/orm/test_joins.py
index 976b5650e0..5aefe61ccc 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_joins.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_joins.py
@@ -1,24 +1,39 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, assert_raises, assert_raises_message
-import operator
-from sqlalchemy import *
-from sqlalchemy import exc as sa_exc, util
-from sqlalchemy.sql import compiler, table, column
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from sqlalchemy import and_
+from sqlalchemy import desc
+from sqlalchemy import exc as sa_exc
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import lateral
+from sqlalchemy import literal_column
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import not_
+from sqlalchemy import or_
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
+from sqlalchemy import true
 from sqlalchemy.engine import default
-from sqlalchemy.orm import *
-from sqlalchemy.orm import attributes
-
+from sqlalchemy.orm import aliased
+from sqlalchemy.orm import backref
+from sqlalchemy.orm import configure_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import join
+from sqlalchemy.orm import joinedload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import outerjoin
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import synonym
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
 from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
-
-import sqlalchemy as sa
-from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL, engines
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
 from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
 from test.orm import _fixtures
 
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-
-from sqlalchemy.orm.util import join, outerjoin, with_parent
-
 
 class QueryTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest):
     run_setup_mappers = "once"
@@ -27,7 +42,26 @@ class QueryTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest):
 
     @classmethod
     def setup_mappers(cls):
-        Node, composite_pk_table, users, Keyword, items, Dingaling, order_items, item_keywords, Item, User, dingalings, Address, keywords, CompositePk, nodes, Order, orders, addresses = (
+        (
+            Node,
+            composite_pk_table,
+            users,
+            Keyword,
+            items,
+            Dingaling,
+            order_items,
+            item_keywords,
+            Item,
+            User,
+            dingalings,
+            Address,
+            keywords,
+            CompositePk,
+            nodes,
+            Order,
+            orders,
+            addresses,
+        ) = (
             cls.classes.Node,
             cls.tables.composite_pk_table,
             cls.tables.users,
@@ -748,7 +782,8 @@ class JoinTest(QueryTest, AssertsCompiledSQL):
         self.assert_compile(
             sess.query(User).join(oalias1.user),
             "SELECT users.id AS users_id, users.name AS users_name "
-            "FROM orders AS orders_1 JOIN users ON users.id = orders_1.user_id",
+            "FROM orders AS orders_1 JOIN users "
+            "ON users.id = orders_1.user_id",
         )
 
     def test_single_prop_4(self):
@@ -964,15 +999,15 @@ class JoinTest(QueryTest, AssertsCompiledSQL):
     def test_overlapping_paths(self):
         User = self.classes.User
 
-        for aliased in (True, False):
+        for aliased_ in (True, False):
             # load a user who has an order that contains item id 3 and address
             # id 1 (order 3, owned by jack)
             result = (
                 create_session()
                 .query(User)
-                .join("orders", "items", aliased=aliased)
+                .join("orders", "items", aliased=aliased_)
                 .filter_by(id=3)
-                .join("orders", "address", aliased=aliased)
+                .join("orders", "address", aliased=aliased_)
                 .filter_by(id=1)
                 .all()
             )
@@ -1375,7 +1410,8 @@ class JoinTest(QueryTest, AssertsCompiledSQL):
             "SELECT users.id AS users_id, users.name AS users_name, "
             "users_1.id AS users_1_id, users_1.name AS users_1_name "
             "FROM users, "
-            "users AS users_1 JOIN addresses ON users_1.id = addresses.user_id",
+            "users AS users_1 JOIN addresses "
+            "ON users_1.id = addresses.user_id",
         )
 
     def test_join_explicit_left_multiple_adapted(self):
@@ -1408,7 +1444,8 @@ class JoinTest(QueryTest, AssertsCompiledSQL):
             "SELECT users_1.id AS users_1_id, users_1.name AS users_1_name, "
             "users_2.id AS users_2_id, users_2.name AS users_2_name "
             "FROM users AS users_1, "
-            "users AS users_2 JOIN addresses ON users_2.id = addresses.user_id",
+            "users AS users_2 JOIN addresses "
+            "ON users_2.id = addresses.user_id",
         )
 
     def test_join_entity_from_multiple_from_clause(self):
@@ -2053,16 +2090,16 @@ class JoinTest(QueryTest, AssertsCompiledSQL):
     def test_reset_joinpoint(self):
         User = self.classes.User
 
-        for aliased in (True, False):
+        for aliased_ in (True, False):
             # load a user who has an order that contains item id 3 and address
             # id 1 (order 3, owned by jack)
             result = (
                 create_session()
                 .query(User)
-                .join("orders", "items", aliased=aliased)
+                .join("orders", "items", aliased=aliased_)
                 .filter_by(id=3)
                 .reset_joinpoint()
-                .join("orders", "address", aliased=aliased)
+                .join("orders", "address", aliased=aliased_)
                 .filter_by(id=1)
                 .all()
             )
@@ -2071,10 +2108,10 @@ class JoinTest(QueryTest, AssertsCompiledSQL):
             result = (
                 create_session()
                 .query(User)
-                .join("orders", "items", aliased=aliased, isouter=True)
+                .join("orders", "items", aliased=aliased_, isouter=True)
                 .filter_by(id=3)
                 .reset_joinpoint()
-                .join("orders", "address", aliased=aliased, isouter=True)
+                .join("orders", "address", aliased=aliased_, isouter=True)
                 .filter_by(id=1)
                 .all()
             )
@@ -2083,10 +2120,10 @@ class JoinTest(QueryTest, AssertsCompiledSQL):
             result = (
                 create_session()
                 .query(User)
-                .outerjoin("orders", "items", aliased=aliased)
+                .outerjoin("orders", "items", aliased=aliased_)
                 .filter_by(id=3)
                 .reset_joinpoint()
-                .outerjoin("orders", "address", aliased=aliased)
+                .outerjoin("orders", "address", aliased=aliased_)
                 .filter_by(id=1)
                 .all()
             )
diff --git a/test/orm/test_lazy_relations.py b/test/orm/test_lazy_relations.py
index 566317f0bf..4d9e460f9a 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_lazy_relations.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_lazy_relations.py
@@ -1,23 +1,37 @@
 """basic tests of lazy loaded attributes"""
 
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
 import datetime
-from sqlalchemy.orm import attributes, exc as orm_exc, configure_mappers
+
 import sqlalchemy as sa
-from sqlalchemy.orm.interfaces import MapperOption
-from sqlalchemy import testing, and_, bindparam
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, ForeignKey, SmallInteger, Boolean
+from sqlalchemy import and_
+from sqlalchemy import bindparam
+from sqlalchemy import Boolean
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
 from sqlalchemy import ForeignKeyConstraint
-from sqlalchemy.types import TypeDecorator
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
 from sqlalchemy import orm
-from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper, relationship, create_session, Session
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, is_true, is_false
+from sqlalchemy import SmallInteger
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy.orm import attributes
+from sqlalchemy.orm import configure_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import exc as orm_exc
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm.interfaces import MapperOption
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from test.orm import _fixtures
-from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import CompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_false
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_true
 from sqlalchemy.testing import mock
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import CompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
+from sqlalchemy.types import TypeDecorator
+from test.orm import _fixtures
 
 
 class LazyTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest):
@@ -218,7 +232,17 @@ class LazyTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest):
     def test_limit(self):
         """test limit operations combined with lazy-load relationships."""
 
-        users, items, order_items, orders, Item, User, Address, Order, addresses = (
+        (
+            users,
+            items,
+            order_items,
+            orders,
+            Item,
+            User,
+            Address,
+            Order,
+            addresses,
+        ) = (
             self.tables.users,
             self.tables.items,
             self.tables.order_items,
@@ -262,7 +286,17 @@ class LazyTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest):
             assert self.static.user_all_result[1:3] == result
 
     def test_distinct(self):
-        users, items, order_items, orders, Item, User, Address, Order, addresses = (
+        (
+            users,
+            items,
+            order_items,
+            orders,
+            Item,
+            User,
+            Address,
+            Order,
+            addresses,
+        ) = (
             self.tables.users,
             self.tables.items,
             self.tables.order_items,
diff --git a/test/orm/test_load_on_fks.py b/test/orm/test_load_on_fks.py
index 78a22ac54c..6e9dde16b0 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_load_on_fks.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_load_on_fks.py
@@ -1,13 +1,16 @@
-from sqlalchemy import *
-from sqlalchemy.orm import *
-
-from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, AssertsExecutionResults, assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
+from sqlalchemy.orm import backref
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 from sqlalchemy.orm.attributes import instance_state
-from sqlalchemy.orm.exc import FlushError
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsExecutionResults
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+
 
 engine = testing.db
 
@@ -180,7 +183,7 @@ class LoadOnFKsTest(AssertsExecutionResults, fixtures.TestBase):
         # pendings don't autoflush
         assert c3.parent is None
 
-    def test_autoflush_on_pending(self):
+    def test_autoflush_load_on_pending_on_pending(self):
         Child.parent.property.load_on_pending = True
         c3 = Child()
         sess.add(c3)
diff --git a/test/orm/test_loading.py b/test/orm/test_loading.py
index bad4092ce2..d263b12f2c 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_loading.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_loading.py
@@ -1,14 +1,15 @@
-from . import _fixtures
-from sqlalchemy.orm import loading, Session, aliased
-from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import (
-    eq_,
-    assert_raises,
-    assert_raises_message,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.util import KeyedTuple
-from sqlalchemy.testing import mock
-from sqlalchemy import select
 from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy.orm import aliased
+from sqlalchemy.orm import loading
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.testing import mock
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.util import KeyedTuple
+from . import _fixtures
+
 
 # class GetFromIdentityTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest):
 # class LoadOnIdentTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest):
diff --git a/test/orm/test_lockmode.py b/test/orm/test_lockmode.py
index 1a05ffbe4d..dd928f0dbd 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_lockmode.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_lockmode.py
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import testing
 from sqlalchemy.engine import default
-from sqlalchemy.databases import *
-from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
-from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 from sqlalchemy.orm import joinedload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
 from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
-from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL, eq_
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
-from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from test.orm import _fixtures
-from sqlalchemy import testing
 
 
 class LegacyLockModeTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest):
diff --git a/test/orm/test_manytomany.py b/test/orm/test_manytomany.py
index 3401de7faa..226415e34b 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_manytomany.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_manytomany.py
@@ -1,18 +1,19 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises, assert_raises_message, eq_
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, ForeignKey
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    mapper,
-    relationship,
-    Session,
-    exc as orm_exc,
-    sessionmaker,
-    backref,
-)
+from sqlalchemy.orm import backref
+from sqlalchemy.orm import exc as orm_exc
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 
 
 class M2MTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
@@ -230,7 +231,16 @@ class M2MTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
         """test that a mapper can have two eager relationships to the same table, via
         two different association tables.  aliases are required."""
 
-        place_input, transition, Transition, PlaceThingy, place, place_thingy, Place, place_output = (
+        (
+            place_input,
+            transition,
+            Transition,
+            PlaceThingy,
+            place,
+            place_thingy,
+            Place,
+            place_output,
+        ) = (
             self.tables.place_input,
             self.tables.transition,
             self.classes.Transition,
diff --git a/test/orm/test_mapper.py b/test/orm/test_mapper.py
index 780272cf76..47710792e7 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_mapper.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_mapper.py
@@ -1,44 +1,45 @@
 """General mapper operations with an emphasis on selecting/loading."""
 
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises, assert_raises_message
+import logging
+import logging.handlers
+
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    MetaData,
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    ForeignKey,
-    func,
-    util,
-    select,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
+from sqlalchemy import util
 from sqlalchemy.engine import default
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    mapper,
-    relationship,
-    backref,
-    create_session,
-    class_mapper,
-    configure_mappers,
-    reconstructor,
-    aliased,
-    deferred,
-    synonym,
-    attributes,
-    column_property,
-    composite,
-    dynamic_loader,
-    comparable_property,
-    Session,
-)
+from sqlalchemy.orm import aliased
+from sqlalchemy.orm import attributes
+from sqlalchemy.orm import backref
+from sqlalchemy.orm import class_mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import column_property
+from sqlalchemy.orm import comparable_property
+from sqlalchemy.orm import composite
+from sqlalchemy.orm import configure_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import deferred
+from sqlalchemy.orm import dynamic_loader
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import reconstructor
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import synonym
 from sqlalchemy.orm.persistence import _sort_states
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, AssertsCompiledSQL, is_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from test.orm import _fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
 from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import CompiledSQL
-import logging
-import logging.handlers
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
+from test.orm import _fixtures
 
 
 class MapperTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest, AssertsCompiledSQL):
@@ -325,8 +326,8 @@ class MapperTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest, AssertsCompiledSQL):
         """
 
         class Foo(object):
-            def __init__(self, id):
-                self.id = id
+            def __init__(self, id_):
+                self.id = id_
 
         m = MetaData()
         foo_t = Table("foo", m, Column("id", String, primary_key=True))
@@ -336,10 +337,10 @@ class MapperTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest, AssertsCompiledSQL):
             if util.py2k:
 
                 def __lt__(self, other):
-                    assert not isinstance(other, basestring)
+                    assert not isinstance(other, basestring)  # noqa
                     return int(self) < other
 
-        foos = [Foo(id="f%d" % i) for i in range(5)]
+        foos = [Foo(id_="f%d" % i) for i in range(5)]
         states = [attributes.instance_state(f) for f in foos]
 
         for s in states[0:3]:
@@ -2536,7 +2537,20 @@ class OptionsTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest):
         self.sql_count_(4, go)
 
     def test_eager_degrade_deep(self):
-        users, Keyword, items, order_items, orders, Item, User, Address, keywords, item_keywords, Order, addresses = (
+        (
+            users,
+            Keyword,
+            items,
+            order_items,
+            orders,
+            Item,
+            User,
+            Address,
+            keywords,
+            item_keywords,
+            Order,
+            addresses,
+        ) = (
             self.tables.users,
             self.classes.Keyword,
             self.tables.items,
@@ -2689,7 +2703,18 @@ class OptionsTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest):
 class DeepOptionsTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest):
     @classmethod
     def setup_mappers(cls):
-        users, Keyword, items, order_items, Order, Item, User, keywords, item_keywords, orders = (
+        (
+            users,
+            Keyword,
+            items,
+            order_items,
+            Order,
+            Item,
+            User,
+            keywords,
+            item_keywords,
+            orders,
+        ) = (
             cls.tables.users,
             cls.classes.Keyword,
             cls.tables.items,
@@ -3312,10 +3337,8 @@ class DeferredPopulationTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
 
         session = create_session()
         human = (
-            session.query(Human)
-            .options(sa.orm.joinedload("thing"))  # noqa
-            .first()
-        )
+            session.query(Human).options(sa.orm.joinedload("thing")).first()
+        )  # noqa
         session.expunge_all()
         thing = session.query(Thing).options(sa.orm.undefer("name")).first()
         self._test(thing)
@@ -3325,10 +3348,8 @@ class DeferredPopulationTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
 
         session = create_session()
         human = (
-            session.query(Human)
-            .options(sa.orm.joinedload("thing"))  # noqa
-            .first()
-        )
+            session.query(Human).options(sa.orm.joinedload("thing")).first()
+        )  # noqa
         thing = session.query(Thing).options(sa.orm.undefer("name")).first()
         self._test(thing)
 
@@ -3337,11 +3358,8 @@ class DeferredPopulationTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
 
         session = create_session()
         result = (
-            session.query(Human)
-            .add_entity(Thing)  # noqa
-            .join("thing")
-            .first()
-        )
+            session.query(Human).add_entity(Thing).join("thing").first()
+        )  # noqa
         session.expunge_all()
         thing = session.query(Thing).options(sa.orm.undefer("name")).first()
         self._test(thing)
@@ -3351,11 +3369,8 @@ class DeferredPopulationTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
 
         session = create_session()
         result = (
-            session.query(Human)
-            .add_entity(Thing)  # noqa
-            .join("thing")
-            .first()
-        )
+            session.query(Human).add_entity(Thing).join("thing").first()
+        )  # noqa
         thing = session.query(Thing).options(sa.orm.undefer("name")).first()
         self._test(thing)
 
@@ -3714,8 +3729,8 @@ class RequirementsTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
             #  sa.exc.ArgumentError, mapper, NoWeakrefSupport, t2)
 
     class _ValueBase(object):
-        def __init__(self, value="abc", id=None):
-            self.id = id
+        def __init__(self, value="abc", id_=None):
+            self.id = id_
             self.value = value
 
         def __bool__(self):
@@ -3842,15 +3857,15 @@ class RequirementsTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
         ht2, ht1 = (self.tables.ht2, self.tables.ht1)
 
         class H1(self._ValueBase):
-            def __init__(self, value, id, h2s):
+            def __init__(self, value, id_, h2s):
                 self.value = value
-                self.id = id
+                self.id = id_
                 self.h2s = h2s
 
         class H2(self._ValueBase):
-            def __init__(self, value, id):
+            def __init__(self, value, id_):
                 self.value = value
-                self.id = id
+                self.id = id_
 
         mapper(H1, ht1, properties={"h2s": relationship(H2, backref="h1")})
         mapper(H2, ht2)
@@ -3860,12 +3875,12 @@ class RequirementsTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
                 H1(
                     "abc",
                     1,
-                    h2s=[H2("abc", id=1), H2("def", id=2), H2("def", id=3)],
+                    h2s=[H2("abc", id_=1), H2("def", id_=2), H2("def", id_=3)],
                 ),
                 H1(
                     "def",
                     2,
-                    h2s=[H2("abc", id=4), H2("abc", id=5), H2("def", id=6)],
+                    h2s=[H2("abc", id_=4), H2("abc", id_=5), H2("def", id_=6)],
                 ),
             ]
         )
diff --git a/test/orm/test_merge.py b/test/orm/test_merge.py
index 9ba2e5bf3b..c3e38d1b0d 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_merge.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_merge.py
@@ -1,32 +1,40 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
-import sqlalchemy as sa
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, PickleType, String, ForeignKey, Text
 import operator
+
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from sqlalchemy import and_
+from sqlalchemy import case
+from sqlalchemy import event
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import PickleType
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.util import OrderedSet
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    mapper,
-    relationship,
-    create_session,
-    PropComparator,
-    synonym,
-    comparable_property,
-    sessionmaker,
-    attributes,
-    Session,
-    backref,
-    configure_mappers,
-    foreign,
-    deferred,
-    defer,
-)
+from sqlalchemy import Text
+from sqlalchemy.orm import attributes
+from sqlalchemy.orm import backref
+from sqlalchemy.orm import comparable_property
+from sqlalchemy.orm import configure_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import defer
+from sqlalchemy.orm import deferred
+from sqlalchemy.orm import foreign
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import PropComparator
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
+from sqlalchemy.orm import synonym
 from sqlalchemy.orm.collections import attribute_mapped_collection
 from sqlalchemy.orm.interfaces import MapperOption
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, in_, not_in_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import in_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import not_in_
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
+from sqlalchemy.util import OrderedSet
 from test.orm import _fixtures
-from sqlalchemy import event, and_, case
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
 
 
 class MergeTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest):
diff --git a/test/orm/test_naturalpks.py b/test/orm/test_naturalpks.py
index 3abc4065e0..52c27f3158 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_naturalpks.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_naturalpks.py
@@ -3,18 +3,23 @@ Primary key changing capabilities and passive/non-passive cascading updates.
 
 """
 
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    fixtures,
-    eq_,
-    ne_,
-    assert_raises,
-    assert_raises_message,
-)
 import sqlalchemy as sa
-from sqlalchemy import testing, Integer, String, ForeignKey
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper, relationship, create_session, Session
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 from sqlalchemy.orm.session import make_transient
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import ne_
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 from test.orm import _fixtures
 
 
diff --git a/test/orm/test_of_type.py b/test/orm/test_of_type.py
index 0e8757ca85..6e980e641f 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_of_type.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_of_type.py
@@ -1,38 +1,35 @@
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    Session,
-    aliased,
-    with_polymorphic,
-    contains_eager,
-    joinedload,
-    subqueryload,
-    relationship,
-    subqueryload_all,
-    joinedload_all,
-)
 from sqlalchemy import and_
-from sqlalchemy import testing, exc as sa_exc
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises, assert_raises_message, eq_
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy import exc as sa_exc
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import testing
 from sqlalchemy.engine import default
+from sqlalchemy.orm import aliased
+from sqlalchemy.orm import contains_eager
+from sqlalchemy.orm import joinedload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import joinedload_all
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import subqueryload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import subqueryload_all
+from sqlalchemy.orm import with_polymorphic
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import CompiledSQL
 from sqlalchemy.testing.entities import ComparableEntity
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, ForeignKey
-from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import (
-    Company,
-    Person,
-    Engineer,
-    Manager,
-    Boss,
-    Machine,
-    Paperwork,
-    _PolymorphicFixtureBase,
-    _Polymorphic,
-    _PolymorphicPolymorphic,
-    _PolymorphicUnions,
-    _PolymorphicJoins,
-    _PolymorphicAliasedJoins,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import AllOf, CompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import _PolymorphicAliasedJoins
+from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import _PolymorphicJoins
+from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import _PolymorphicPolymorphic
+from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import _PolymorphicUnions
+from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import Boss
+from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import Company
+from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import Engineer
+from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import Machine
+from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import Manager
+from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import Person
 
 
 class _PolymorphicTestBase(object):
diff --git a/test/orm/test_onetoone.py b/test/orm/test_onetoone.py
index 8506592c35..a487c17e6b 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_onetoone.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_onetoone.py
@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
-import sqlalchemy as sa
-from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, ForeignKey
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper, relationship, create_session
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 
 
 class O2OTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
diff --git a/test/orm/test_options.py b/test/orm/test_options.py
index f057890d89..98b6bccbfd 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_options.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_options.py
@@ -1,34 +1,29 @@
-from sqlalchemy import inspect
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    attributes,
-    mapper,
-    relationship,
-    backref,
-    configure_mappers,
-    create_session,
-    synonym,
-    Session,
-    class_mapper,
-    aliased,
-    column_property,
-    joinedload_all,
-    joinedload,
-    Query,
-    util as orm_util,
-    Load,
-    defer,
-    defaultload,
-    lazyload,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.orm.query import QueryContext
-from sqlalchemy.orm import strategy_options
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import eq_, assert_raises_message
-from test.orm import _fixtures
-from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy.orm import aliased
+from sqlalchemy.orm import class_mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import column_property
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import defaultload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import joinedload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import joinedload_all
+from sqlalchemy.orm import lazyload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Load
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import strategy_options
 from sqlalchemy.orm import subqueryload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import util as orm_util
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import eq_
+from test.orm import _fixtures
 
 
 class QueryTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest):
diff --git a/test/orm/test_pickled.py b/test/orm/test_pickled.py
index 0a3da813e0..6a368f31ca 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_pickled.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_pickled.py
@@ -1,60 +1,49 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
-from sqlalchemy.util import pickle
-import sqlalchemy as sa
 import copy
+
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing.util import picklers
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, ForeignKey, exc, MetaData
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    mapper,
-    relationship,
-    create_session,
-    sessionmaker,
-    attributes,
-    interfaces,
-    clear_mappers,
-    exc as orm_exc,
-    configure_mappers,
-    Session,
-    lazyload_all,
-    lazyload,
-    aliased,
-    subqueryload,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.orm import state as sa_state
+from sqlalchemy.orm import aliased
+from sqlalchemy.orm import attributes
+from sqlalchemy.orm import clear_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import exc as orm_exc
 from sqlalchemy.orm import instrumentation
-from sqlalchemy.orm.collections import (
-    attribute_mapped_collection,
-    column_mapped_collection,
-)
+from sqlalchemy.orm import lazyload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
+from sqlalchemy.orm import state as sa_state
+from sqlalchemy.orm import subqueryload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import with_polymorphic
+from sqlalchemy.orm.collections import attribute_mapped_collection
+from sqlalchemy.orm.collections import column_mapped_collection
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.pickleable import Address
+from sqlalchemy.testing.pickleable import Child1
+from sqlalchemy.testing.pickleable import Child2
+from sqlalchemy.testing.pickleable import Dingaling
+from sqlalchemy.testing.pickleable import EmailUser
+from sqlalchemy.testing.pickleable import Order
+from sqlalchemy.testing.pickleable import Parent
+from sqlalchemy.testing.pickleable import Screen
+from sqlalchemy.testing.pickleable import User
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
+from sqlalchemy.testing.util import picklers
+from sqlalchemy.util import pickle
 from test.orm import _fixtures
-from sqlalchemy.testing.pickleable import (
-    User,
-    Address,
-    Dingaling,
-    Order,
-    Child1,
-    Child2,
-    Parent,
-    Screen,
-    EmailUser,
-)
-
-from sqlalchemy.orm import with_polymorphic
-
-from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import (
-    Company,
-    Person,
-    Engineer,
-    Manager,
-    Boss,
-    Machine,
-    Paperwork,
-    _Polymorphic,
-)
+from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import _Polymorphic
+from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import Company
+from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import Engineer
+from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import Manager
+from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import Person
 
 
 class PickleTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
@@ -704,8 +693,8 @@ class TupleLabelTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest):
         )
         mapper(Address, addresses)
         mapper(
-            Order, orders, properties={"address": relationship(Address)}  # m2o
-        )
+            Order, orders, properties={"address": relationship(Address)}
+        )  # m2o
 
     def test_tuple_labeling(self):
         users = self.tables.users
diff --git a/test/orm/test_query.py b/test/orm/test_query.py
index 3f975516f5..12f894ef33 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_query.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_query.py
@@ -1,68 +1,71 @@
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    testing,
-    null,
-    exists,
-    text,
-    union,
-    literal,
-    literal_column,
-    func,
-    between,
-    Unicode,
-    desc,
-    and_,
-    bindparam,
-    select,
-    distinct,
-    or_,
-    collate,
-    insert,
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    Boolean,
-    exc as sa_exc,
-    util,
-    cast,
-    MetaData,
-    ForeignKey,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.sql import operators, expression
-from sqlalchemy import column, table
+import contextlib
+
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from sqlalchemy import and_
+from sqlalchemy import between
+from sqlalchemy import bindparam
+from sqlalchemy import Boolean
+from sqlalchemy import cast
+from sqlalchemy import collate
+from sqlalchemy import column
+from sqlalchemy import desc
+from sqlalchemy import distinct
+from sqlalchemy import exc as sa_exc
+from sqlalchemy import exists
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import insert
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import literal
+from sqlalchemy import literal_column
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import null
+from sqlalchemy import or_
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import table
+from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy import Unicode
+from sqlalchemy import union
+from sqlalchemy import util
 from sqlalchemy.engine import default
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    attributes,
-    mapper,
-    relationship,
-    create_session,
-    synonym,
-    Session,
-    aliased,
-    column_property,
-    joinedload_all,
-    joinedload,
-    Query,
-    Bundle,
-    subqueryload,
-    backref,
-    lazyload,
-    defer,
-)
+from sqlalchemy.orm import aliased
+from sqlalchemy.orm import attributes
+from sqlalchemy.orm import backref
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Bundle
+from sqlalchemy.orm import column_property
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import defer
+from sqlalchemy.orm import joinedload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import joinedload_all
+from sqlalchemy.orm import lazyload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Query
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import subqueryload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import synonym
+from sqlalchemy.orm.util import join
+from sqlalchemy.orm.util import with_parent
+from sqlalchemy.sql import expression
+from sqlalchemy.sql import operators
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_warnings
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_not_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import mock
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import eq_ignore_whitespace
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import expect_warnings
 from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import CompiledSQL
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-import sqlalchemy as sa
-from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import (
-    eq_,
-    assert_raises,
-    assert_raises_message,
-    expect_warnings,
-    eq_ignore_whitespace,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures, AssertsCompiledSQL, assert_warnings
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 from test.orm import _fixtures
-from sqlalchemy.orm.util import join, with_parent
-import contextlib
-from sqlalchemy.testing import mock, is_, is_not_
-from sqlalchemy import inspect
 
 
 class QueryTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest):
@@ -1799,7 +1802,8 @@ class ExpressionTest(QueryTest, AssertsCompiledSQL):
         q = session.query(User.id).filter(User.id == 7).label("foo")
         self.assert_compile(
             session.query(q),
-            "SELECT (SELECT users.id FROM users WHERE users.id = :id_1) AS foo",
+            "SELECT (SELECT users.id FROM users "
+            "WHERE users.id = :id_1) AS foo",
         )
 
     def test_as_scalar(self):
@@ -2230,7 +2234,8 @@ class ColumnPropertyTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest, AssertsCompiledSQL):
             "SELECT (SELECT max(addresses.email_address) AS max_1 FROM "
             "addresses WHERE addresses.user_id = users_1.id) AS anon_1, "
             "users_1.id AS users_1_id, users_1.name AS users_1_name, "
-            "users.id AS users_id FROM users AS users_1, users ORDER BY anon_1",
+            "users.id AS users_id FROM users AS users_1, "
+            "users ORDER BY anon_1",
         )
 
     def test_order_by_column_unlabeled_prop_attr_aliased_one(self):
@@ -4776,7 +4781,20 @@ class SynonymTest(QueryTest, AssertsCompiledSQL):
 
     @classmethod
     def setup_mappers(cls):
-        users, Keyword, items, order_items, orders, Item, User, Address, keywords, Order, item_keywords, addresses = (
+        (
+            users,
+            Keyword,
+            items,
+            order_items,
+            orders,
+            Item,
+            User,
+            Address,
+            keywords,
+            Order,
+            item_keywords,
+            addresses,
+        ) = (
             cls.tables.users,
             cls.classes.Keyword,
             cls.tables.items,
@@ -4963,7 +4981,8 @@ class SynonymTest(QueryTest, AssertsCompiledSQL):
         self.assert_compile(
             q,
             "SELECT users_1.name AS users_1_name FROM "
-            "users AS users_1 JOIN addresses ON users_1.id = addresses.user_id",
+            "users AS users_1 JOIN addresses "
+            "ON users_1.id = addresses.user_id",
         )
 
 
diff --git a/test/orm/test_rel_fn.py b/test/orm/test_rel_fn.py
index 7aac4cecad..8fd521ae8c 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_rel_fn.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_rel_fn.py
@@ -1,26 +1,26 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    assert_raises_message,
-    eq_,
-    AssertsCompiledSQL,
-    is_,
-)
+from sqlalchemy import and_
+from sqlalchemy import Boolean
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKeyConstraint
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
+from sqlalchemy.orm import foreign
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationships
+from sqlalchemy.orm import remote
+from sqlalchemy.orm.interfaces import MANYTOONE
+from sqlalchemy.orm.interfaces import ONETOMANY
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from sqlalchemy.orm import relationships, foreign, remote, relationship
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    MetaData,
-    Table,
-    Column,
-    ForeignKey,
-    Integer,
-    select,
-    ForeignKeyConstraint,
-    exc,
-    func,
-    and_,
-    String,
-    Boolean,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.orm.interfaces import ONETOMANY, MANYTOONE, MANYTOMANY
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import mock
 
 
@@ -487,22 +487,6 @@ class _JoinFixtures(object):
             **kw
         )
 
-        cls.left = Table(
-            "lft",
-            m,
-            Column("id", Integer, primary_key=True),
-            Column("x", Integer),
-            Column("y", Integer),
-        )
-        cls.right = Table(
-            "rgt",
-            m,
-            Column("id", Integer, primary_key=True),
-            Column("lid", Integer, ForeignKey("lft.id")),
-            Column("x", Integer),
-            Column("y", Integer),
-        )
-
     def _join_fixture_o2m_o_side_none(self, **kw):
         return relationships.JoinCondition(
             self.left,
diff --git a/test/orm/test_relationships.py b/test/orm/test_relationships.py
index 3ca8d8c099..6e1c699c41 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_relationships.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_relationships.py
@@ -1,45 +1,49 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises, assert_raises_message
 import datetime
+
 import sqlalchemy as sa
-from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    ForeignKey,
-    MetaData,
-    and_,
-    select,
-    func,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    mapper,
-    relationship,
-    relation,
-    backref,
-    create_session,
-    configure_mappers,
-    clear_mappers,
-    sessionmaker,
-    attributes,
-    Session,
-    composite,
-    column_property,
-    foreign,
-    remote,
-    synonym,
-    joinedload,
-    subqueryload,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.orm.interfaces import ONETOMANY, MANYTOONE
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, startswith_, AssertsCompiledSQL, is_, in_
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from test.orm import _fixtures
+from sqlalchemy import and_
 from sqlalchemy import exc
-from sqlalchemy.orm import exc as orm_exc
-from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
 from sqlalchemy import ForeignKeyConstraint
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import testing
 from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
+from sqlalchemy.orm import attributes
+from sqlalchemy.orm import backref
+from sqlalchemy.orm import clear_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import column_property
+from sqlalchemy.orm import composite
+from sqlalchemy.orm import configure_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import exc as orm_exc
+from sqlalchemy.orm import foreign
+from sqlalchemy.orm import joinedload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relation
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import remote
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
+from sqlalchemy.orm import subqueryload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import synonym
+from sqlalchemy.orm.interfaces import MANYTOONE
+from sqlalchemy.orm.interfaces import ONETOMANY
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import in_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import startswith_
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
+from test.orm import _fixtures
 
 
 class _RelationshipErrors(object):
@@ -802,15 +806,15 @@ class CompositeSelfRefFKTest(fixtures.MappedTest, AssertsCompiledSQL):
 
     this is a very unusual case::
 
-    company         employee
-    ----------      ----------
-    company_id <--- company_id ------+
-    name                ^            |
-                        +------------+
+        company         employee
+        ----------      ----------
+        company_id <--- company_id ------+
+        name                ^            |
+                            +------------+
 
-                    emp_id <---------+
-                    name             |
-                    reports_to_id ---+
+                        emp_id <---------+
+                        name             |
+                        reports_to_id ---+
 
     employee joins to its sub-employees
     both on reports_to_id, *and on company_id to itself*.
@@ -4134,8 +4138,6 @@ class SecondaryNestedJoinTest(
                     secondary=j,
                     primaryjoin=and_(a.c.b_id == b.c.id, a.c.id == c.c.a_id),
                     secondaryjoin=d.c.id == b.c.d_id,
-                    # primaryjoin=and_(a.c.b_id == j.c.b_id, a.c.id == j.c.c_a_id),
-                    # secondaryjoin=d.c.id == j.c.b_d_id,
                     uselist=False,
                     viewonly=True,
                 ),
diff --git a/test/orm/test_scoping.py b/test/orm/test_scoping.py
index 33abc1496e..41e5124d41 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_scoping.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_scoping.py
@@ -1,13 +1,18 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises, assert_raises_message
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import query
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
 from sqlalchemy.orm import scoped_session
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, ForeignKey
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper, relationship, query
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
 from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
 from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import Mock
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 
 
 class ScopedSessionTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
diff --git a/test/orm/test_selectable.py b/test/orm/test_selectable.py
index 50eaaa37b1..1fc2f3f16a 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_selectable.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_selectable.py
@@ -1,12 +1,19 @@
 """Generic mapping to Select statements"""
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises, assert_raises_message
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from sqlalchemy import column
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy import String, Integer, select, column
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper, Session
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 
 
 # TODO: more tests mapping to selects
diff --git a/test/orm/test_selectin_relations.py b/test/orm/test_selectin_relations.py
index 78a56ba319..0ace607250 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_selectin_relations.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_selectin_relations.py
@@ -1,40 +1,42 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, is_, is_not_, is_true
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from sqlalchemy import bindparam
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, ForeignKey, bindparam
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    selectinload,
-    selectinload_all,
-    mapper,
-    relationship,
-    clear_mappers,
-    create_session,
-    aliased,
-    joinedload,
-    deferred,
-    undefer,
-    Session,
-    subqueryload,
-    defaultload,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises, assert_raises_message
-from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import CompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.orm import aliased
+from sqlalchemy.orm import clear_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import defaultload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import deferred
+from sqlalchemy.orm import joinedload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import selectinload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import selectinload_all
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import subqueryload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import undefer
+from sqlalchemy.orm import with_polymorphic
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_not_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_true
 from sqlalchemy.testing import mock
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import CompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 from test.orm import _fixtures
-import sqlalchemy as sa
-
-from sqlalchemy.orm import with_polymorphic
-
-from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import (
-    _Polymorphic,
-    Person,
-    Engineer,
-    Paperwork,
-    Machine,
-    MachineType,
-    Company,
-)
+from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import _Polymorphic
+from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import Company
+from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import Engineer
+from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import Machine
+from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import MachineType
+from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import Paperwork
+from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import Person
 
 
 class EagerTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest, testing.AssertsCompiledSQL):
@@ -527,7 +529,18 @@ class EagerTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest, testing.AssertsCompiledSQL):
         self._do_mapper_test(self._pathing_runs)
 
     def _do_options_test(self, configs):
-        users, Keyword, orders, items, order_items, Order, Item, User, keywords, item_keywords = (
+        (
+            users,
+            Keyword,
+            orders,
+            items,
+            order_items,
+            Order,
+            Item,
+            User,
+            keywords,
+            item_keywords,
+        ) = (
             self.tables.users,
             self.classes.Keyword,
             self.tables.orders,
@@ -587,7 +600,18 @@ class EagerTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest, testing.AssertsCompiledSQL):
             self._do_query_tests(options, count)
 
     def _do_mapper_test(self, configs):
-        users, Keyword, orders, items, order_items, Order, Item, User, keywords, item_keywords = (
+        (
+            users,
+            Keyword,
+            orders,
+            items,
+            order_items,
+            Order,
+            Item,
+            User,
+            keywords,
+            item_keywords,
+        ) = (
             self.tables.users,
             self.classes.Keyword,
             self.tables.orders,
@@ -841,7 +865,17 @@ class EagerTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest, testing.AssertsCompiledSQL):
         """Eager loading with two relationships simultaneously,
         from the same table, using aliases."""
 
-        addresses, items, order_items, orders, Item, User, Address, Order, users = (
+        (
+            addresses,
+            items,
+            order_items,
+            orders,
+            Item,
+            User,
+            Address,
+            Order,
+            users,
+        ) = (
             self.tables.addresses,
             self.tables.items,
             self.tables.order_items,
@@ -947,7 +981,17 @@ class EagerTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest, testing.AssertsCompiledSQL):
     def test_limit(self):
         """Limit operations combined with lazy-load relationships."""
 
-        users, items, order_items, orders, Item, User, Address, Order, addresses = (
+        (
+            users,
+            items,
+            order_items,
+            orders,
+            Item,
+            User,
+            Address,
+            Order,
+            addresses,
+        ) = (
             self.tables.users,
             self.tables.items,
             self.tables.order_items,
diff --git a/test/orm/test_session.py b/test/orm/test_session.py
index cf908b988a..1f36578df9 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_session.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_session.py
@@ -1,43 +1,41 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    eq_,
-    assert_raises,
-    assert_raises_message,
-    assertions,
-    is_true,
-    is_,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing.util import gc_collect
-from sqlalchemy.testing import pickleable
-from sqlalchemy.util import pickle
-import inspect
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    create_session,
-    sessionmaker,
-    attributes,
-    make_transient,
-    make_transient_to_detached,
-    Session,
-)
 import sqlalchemy as sa
-from sqlalchemy.testing import engines, config
+from sqlalchemy import event
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import Sequence
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, Sequence
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    mapper,
-    relationship,
-    backref,
-    joinedload,
-    exc as orm_exc,
-    object_session,
-    was_deleted,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.util import pypy
+from sqlalchemy.orm import attributes
+from sqlalchemy.orm import backref
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import exc as orm_exc
+from sqlalchemy.orm import joinedload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import make_transient
+from sqlalchemy.orm import make_transient_to_detached
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import object_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
+from sqlalchemy.orm import was_deleted
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assertions
+from sqlalchemy.testing import config
+from sqlalchemy.testing import engines
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from test.orm import _fixtures
-from sqlalchemy import event, ForeignKey
-from sqlalchemy.util.compat import inspect_getargspec
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_true
 from sqlalchemy.testing import mock
+from sqlalchemy.testing import pickleable
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
+from sqlalchemy.testing.util import gc_collect
+from sqlalchemy.util import pickle
+from sqlalchemy.util import pypy
+from sqlalchemy.util.compat import inspect_getargspec
+from test.orm import _fixtures
 
 
 class ExecutionTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest):
@@ -1522,12 +1520,12 @@ class StrongIdentityMapTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest):
         # o is still in local scope here, so still present
         self.assert_(len(s.identity_map) == 1)
 
-        id = o.id
+        id_ = o.id
         del o
         eq_(prune(), 1)
         self.assert_(len(s.identity_map) == 0)
 
-        u = s.query(User).get(id)
+        u = s.query(User).get(id_)
         eq_(prune(), 0)
         self.assert_(len(s.identity_map) == 1)
         u.name = "squiznart"
@@ -1546,7 +1544,7 @@ class StrongIdentityMapTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest):
         eq_(prune(), 1)
         self.assert_(len(s.identity_map) == 0)
 
-        u = s.query(User).get(id)
+        u = s.query(User).get(id_)
         s.delete(u)
         del u
         eq_(prune(), 0)
diff --git a/test/orm/test_subquery_relations.py b/test/orm/test_subquery_relations.py
index 8af02520f3..1374d55d8d 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_subquery_relations.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_subquery_relations.py
@@ -1,42 +1,42 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, is_, is_not_, is_true
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from sqlalchemy import bindparam
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, ForeignKey, bindparam, inspect
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    backref,
-    subqueryload,
-    subqueryload_all,
-    mapper,
-    relationship,
-    clear_mappers,
-    create_session,
-    lazyload,
-    aliased,
-    joinedload,
-    deferred,
-    undefer,
-    eagerload_all,
-    Session,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, assert_raises, assert_raises_message
-from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import CompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.orm import aliased
+from sqlalchemy.orm import clear_mappers
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import deferred
+from sqlalchemy.orm import joinedload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import subqueryload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import subqueryload_all
+from sqlalchemy.orm import undefer
+from sqlalchemy.orm import with_polymorphic
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_not_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_true
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import CompiledSQL
 from sqlalchemy.testing.entities import ComparableEntity
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 from test.orm import _fixtures
-import sqlalchemy as sa
-
-from sqlalchemy.orm import with_polymorphic
-
-from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import (
-    _Polymorphic,
-    Person,
-    Engineer,
-    Paperwork,
-    Page,
-    Machine,
-    MachineType,
-    Company,
-)
+from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import _Polymorphic
+from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import Company
+from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import Engineer
+from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import Machine
+from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import MachineType
+from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import Page
+from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import Paperwork
+from .inheritance._poly_fixtures import Person
 
 
 class EagerTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest, testing.AssertsCompiledSQL):
@@ -529,7 +529,18 @@ class EagerTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest, testing.AssertsCompiledSQL):
         self._do_mapper_test(self._pathing_runs)
 
     def _do_options_test(self, configs):
-        users, Keyword, orders, items, order_items, Order, Item, User, keywords, item_keywords = (
+        (
+            users,
+            Keyword,
+            orders,
+            items,
+            order_items,
+            Order,
+            Item,
+            User,
+            keywords,
+            item_keywords,
+        ) = (
             self.tables.users,
             self.classes.Keyword,
             self.tables.orders,
@@ -585,7 +596,18 @@ class EagerTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest, testing.AssertsCompiledSQL):
             self._do_query_tests(options, count)
 
     def _do_mapper_test(self, configs):
-        users, Keyword, orders, items, order_items, Order, Item, User, keywords, item_keywords = (
+        (
+            users,
+            Keyword,
+            orders,
+            items,
+            order_items,
+            Order,
+            Item,
+            User,
+            keywords,
+            item_keywords,
+        ) = (
             self.tables.users,
             self.classes.Keyword,
             self.tables.orders,
@@ -862,7 +884,17 @@ class EagerTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest, testing.AssertsCompiledSQL):
         """Eager loading with two relationships simultaneously,
         from the same table, using aliases."""
 
-        addresses, items, order_items, orders, Item, User, Address, Order, users = (
+        (
+            addresses,
+            items,
+            order_items,
+            orders,
+            Item,
+            User,
+            Address,
+            Order,
+            users,
+        ) = (
             self.tables.addresses,
             self.tables.items,
             self.tables.order_items,
@@ -968,7 +1000,17 @@ class EagerTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest, testing.AssertsCompiledSQL):
     def test_limit(self):
         """Limit operations combined with lazy-load relationships."""
 
-        users, items, order_items, orders, Item, User, Address, Order, addresses = (
+        (
+            users,
+            items,
+            order_items,
+            orders,
+            Item,
+            User,
+            Address,
+            Order,
+            addresses,
+        ) = (
             self.tables.users,
             self.tables.items,
             self.tables.order_items,
diff --git a/test/orm/test_sync.py b/test/orm/test_sync.py
index d1dad43c8b..697a8097e5 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_sync.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_sync.py
@@ -1,21 +1,18 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, assert_raises, assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from test.orm import _fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.orm import attributes
+from sqlalchemy.orm import class_mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import exc as orm_exc
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import sync
+from sqlalchemy.orm import unitofwork
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, ForeignKey, func
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    mapper,
-    relationship,
-    backref,
-    create_session,
-    unitofwork,
-    attributes,
-    Session,
-    class_mapper,
-    sync,
-    exc as orm_exc,
-)
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 
 
 class AssertsUOW(object):
diff --git a/test/orm/test_transaction.py b/test/orm/test_transaction.py
index 67370aed02..e5708808e7 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_transaction.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_transaction.py
@@ -1,42 +1,37 @@
 from __future__ import with_statement
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    testing,
-    exc as sa_exc,
-    event,
-    String,
-    Column,
-    Table,
-    select,
-    func,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.sql import elements
+
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import event
+from sqlalchemy import exc as sa_exc
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
+from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy.orm import attributes
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import exc as orm_exc
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import session as _session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
 from sqlalchemy.orm.util import identity_key
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    fixtures,
-    engines,
-    eq_,
-    assert_raises,
-    assert_raises_message,
-    assert_warnings,
-    mock,
-    expect_warnings,
-    is_,
-    is_not_,
-    is_true,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    exc as orm_exc,
-    Session,
-    mapper,
-    sessionmaker,
-    create_session,
-    relationship,
-    attributes,
-    session as _session,
-)
+from sqlalchemy.sql import elements
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_warnings
+from sqlalchemy.testing import engines
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import expect_warnings
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_not_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_true
+from sqlalchemy.testing import mock
 from sqlalchemy.testing.util import gc_collect
 from test.orm._fixtures import FixtureTest
-from sqlalchemy import inspect
 
 
 class SessionTransactionTest(fixtures.RemovesEvents, FixtureTest):
diff --git a/test/orm/test_unitofwork.py b/test/orm/test_unitofwork.py
index 4eb6c15999..f7a735e215 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_unitofwork.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_unitofwork.py
@@ -1,37 +1,37 @@
 # coding: utf-8
 """Tests unitofwork operations."""
 
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, assert_raises, assert_raises_message
 import datetime
-from sqlalchemy.util import OrderedDict
 
 import sqlalchemy as sa
-from sqlalchemy.util import u, ue
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    ForeignKey,
-    Enum,
-    literal_column,
-    event,
-    Boolean,
-    select,
-    func,
-)
+from sqlalchemy import Boolean
+from sqlalchemy import Enum
+from sqlalchemy import event
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import literal_column
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    mapper,
-    relationship,
-    create_session,
-    column_property,
-    Session,
-    exc as orm_exc,
-)
+from sqlalchemy.orm import column_property
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import exc as orm_exc
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import AllOf
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import CompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
+from sqlalchemy.util import OrderedDict
+from sqlalchemy.util import u
+from sqlalchemy.util import ue
 from test.orm import _fixtures
-from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import AllOf, CompiledSQL
 
 
 class UnitOfWorkTest(object):
@@ -2025,9 +2025,9 @@ class SaveTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest):
         session.flush()
         session.expunge_all()
 
-        id = m.primary_key_from_instance(u)
+        id_ = m.primary_key_from_instance(u)
 
-        u = session.query(User).get(id)
+        u = session.query(User).get(id_)
         assert u.name == "multitester"
 
         user_rows = (
@@ -2053,7 +2053,7 @@ class SaveTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest):
         eq_(list(address_rows[0].values()), [u.id, u.foo_id, "lala@hey.com"])
 
         session.expunge_all()
-        u = session.query(User).get(id)
+        u = session.query(User).get(id_)
         assert u.name == "imnew"
 
     def test_history_get(self):
diff --git a/test/orm/test_unitofworkv2.py b/test/orm/test_unitofworkv2.py
index f5c39fee73..0a58bb57ae 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_unitofworkv2.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_unitofworkv2.py
@@ -1,33 +1,35 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy import event
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import FetchedValue
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import literal
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy import util
+from sqlalchemy.orm import attributes
+from sqlalchemy.orm import backref
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import exc as orm_exc
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import unitofwork
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import config
 from sqlalchemy.testing import engines
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import AllOf
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import CompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import Mock
+from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import patch
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 from test.orm import _fixtures
-from sqlalchemy import exc, util
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures, config
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    ForeignKey,
-    func,
-    literal,
-    FetchedValue,
-    text,
-    select,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    mapper,
-    relationship,
-    backref,
-    create_session,
-    unitofwork,
-    attributes,
-    Session,
-    exc as orm_exc,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import Mock, patch
-from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import AllOf, CompiledSQL
-from sqlalchemy import event
 
 
 class AssertsUOW(object):
diff --git a/test/orm/test_update_delete.py b/test/orm/test_update_delete.py
index 1c92091a82..9e3f8074fc 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_update_delete.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_update_delete.py
@@ -1,31 +1,29 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, assert_raises, assert_raises_message, is_
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    ForeignKey,
-    or_,
-    exc,
-    select,
-    func,
-    Boolean,
-    case,
-    text,
-    column,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    mapper,
-    relationship,
-    backref,
-    Session,
-    joinedload,
-    synonym,
-    query,
-)
+from sqlalchemy import Boolean
+from sqlalchemy import case
+from sqlalchemy import column
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import or_
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy.orm import backref
+from sqlalchemy.orm import joinedload
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import synonym
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import mock
-
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 
 
 class UpdateDeleteTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
diff --git a/test/orm/test_utils.py b/test/orm/test_utils.py
index d53e99d131..fecb9ad91a 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_utils.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_utils.py
@@ -1,20 +1,26 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises, assert_raises_message
-from sqlalchemy.orm import util as orm_util
 from sqlalchemy import Column
-from sqlalchemy import util
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
 from sqlalchemy import Integer
 from sqlalchemy import MetaData
 from sqlalchemy import Table
-from sqlalchemy.orm import aliased, with_polymorphic, synonym
-from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper, create_session, Session
+from sqlalchemy import util
+from sqlalchemy.ext.hybrid import hybrid_method
+from sqlalchemy.ext.hybrid import hybrid_property
+from sqlalchemy.orm import aliased
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import synonym
+from sqlalchemy.orm import util as orm_util
+from sqlalchemy.orm import with_polymorphic
+from sqlalchemy.orm.path_registry import PathRegistry
+from sqlalchemy.orm.path_registry import RootRegistry
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
 from test.orm import _fixtures
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, is_
-from sqlalchemy.orm.path_registry import PathRegistry, RootRegistry
-from sqlalchemy import inspect
-from sqlalchemy.ext.hybrid import hybrid_property, hybrid_method
-from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
-
 from .inheritance import _poly_fixtures
 
 
diff --git a/test/orm/test_validators.py b/test/orm/test_validators.py
index 923775a7bf..547815745f 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_validators.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_validators.py
@@ -1,15 +1,17 @@
-from test.orm import _fixtures
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    fixtures,
-    assert_raises,
-    eq_,
-    ne_,
-    assert_raises_message,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper, Session, validates, relationship
-from sqlalchemy.orm import collections
-from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import Mock, call
 from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy.orm import collections
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import validates
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import ne_
+from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import call
+from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import Mock
+from test.orm import _fixtures
 
 
 class ValidatorTest(_fixtures.FixtureTest):
diff --git a/test/orm/test_versioning.py b/test/orm/test_versioning.py
index 6b13bdc9d8..e54925f0bd 100644
--- a/test/orm/test_versioning.py
+++ b/test/orm/test_versioning.py
@@ -1,36 +1,33 @@
 import datetime
+import uuid
+
 import sqlalchemy as sa
-from sqlalchemy.testing import engines, config
+from sqlalchemy import Date
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import orm
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import patch
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    Date,
-    ForeignKey,
-    orm,
-    exc,
-    select,
-    TypeDecorator,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy.orm import (
-    mapper,
-    relationship,
-    Session,
-    create_session,
-    sessionmaker,
-    exc as orm_exc,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    eq_,
-    assert_raises,
-    assert_raises_message,
-    fixtures,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import CompiledSQL
-import uuid
+from sqlalchemy import TypeDecorator
 from sqlalchemy import util
+from sqlalchemy.orm import create_session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import exc as orm_exc
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import config
+from sqlalchemy.testing import engines
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import CompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import patch
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 
 
 def make_uuid():
@@ -1263,7 +1260,7 @@ class ServerVersioningTest(fixtures.MappedTest):
             pass
 
         @compiles(IncDefault)
-        def compile(element, compiler, **kw):
+        def compile_(element, compiler, **kw):
             # cache the counter value on the statement
             # itself so the assertsql system gets the same
             # value when it compiles the statement a second time
diff --git a/test/perf/invalidate_stresstest.py b/test/perf/invalidate_stresstest.py
index 29fbbb118b..e0f3949dea 100644
--- a/test/perf/invalidate_stresstest.py
+++ b/test/perf/invalidate_stresstest.py
@@ -1,18 +1,19 @@
 from __future__ import print_function
 
+import logging
+import random
+import sys
+
 import gevent.monkey
 
-gevent.monkey.patch_all()  # noqa
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import event
 
-import logging
+
+gevent.monkey.patch_all()  # noqa
 
 logging.basicConfig()  # noqa
 # logging.getLogger("sqlalchemy.pool").setLevel(logging.INFO)
-from sqlalchemy import event
-import random
-import sys
-from sqlalchemy import create_engine
-import traceback
 
 engine = create_engine(
     "mysql+pymysql://scott:tiger@localhost/test", pool_size=50, max_overflow=0
diff --git a/test/perf/orm2010.py b/test/perf/orm2010.py
index fabfe533b4..b40d3c8465 100644
--- a/test/perf/orm2010.py
+++ b/test/perf/orm2010.py
@@ -1,5 +1,20 @@
+from decimal import Decimal
+import os
+import random
 import warnings
 
+from sqlalchemy import __version__
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import Numeric
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+
 warnings.filterwarnings("ignore", r".*Decimal objects natively")  # noqa
 
 # speed up cdecimal if available
@@ -11,22 +26,6 @@ try:
 except ImportError:
     pass
 
-from sqlalchemy import __version__
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Column,
-    Integer,
-    create_engine,
-    ForeignKey,
-    String,
-    Numeric,
-)
-
-from sqlalchemy.orm import Session, relationship
-
-from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
-import random
-import os
-from decimal import Decimal
 
 Base = declarative_base()
 
diff --git a/test/requirements.py b/test/requirements.py
index cbe4a2be72..d95a3c58bc 100644
--- a/test/requirements.py
+++ b/test/requirements.py
@@ -3,24 +3,21 @@
 
 """
 
-from sqlalchemy import util
 import sys
-from sqlalchemy.testing.requirements import SuiteRequirements
+
+from sqlalchemy import util
 from sqlalchemy.testing import exclusions
-from sqlalchemy.testing.exclusions import (
-    skip,
-    skip_if,
-    only_if,
-    only_on,
-    fails_on_everything_except,
-    fails_on,
-    fails_if,
-    succeeds_if,
-    SpecPredicate,
-    against,
-    LambdaPredicate,
-    requires_tag,
-)
+from sqlalchemy.testing.exclusions import against
+from sqlalchemy.testing.exclusions import fails_if
+from sqlalchemy.testing.exclusions import fails_on
+from sqlalchemy.testing.exclusions import fails_on_everything_except
+from sqlalchemy.testing.exclusions import LambdaPredicate
+from sqlalchemy.testing.exclusions import only_if
+from sqlalchemy.testing.exclusions import only_on
+from sqlalchemy.testing.exclusions import skip_if
+from sqlalchemy.testing.exclusions import SpecPredicate
+from sqlalchemy.testing.exclusions import succeeds_if
+from sqlalchemy.testing.requirements import SuiteRequirements
 
 
 def no_support(db, reason):
@@ -150,7 +147,8 @@ class DefaultRequirements(SuiteRequirements):
             [
                 LambdaPredicate(
                     lambda config: against(config, "mssql"),
-                    "SQL Server drivers / odbc seem to change their mind on this",
+                    "SQL Server drivers / odbc seem to change "
+                    "their mind on this",
                 ),
                 LambdaPredicate(
                     lambda config: config.db.dialect.supports_native_boolean,
@@ -385,12 +383,13 @@ class DefaultRequirements(SuiteRequirements):
         present in a subquery in the WHERE clause.
 
         This is an ANSI-standard syntax that apparently MySQL can't handle,
-        such as:
+        such as::
+
+            UPDATE documents SET flag=1 WHERE documents.title IN
+                (SELECT max(documents.title) AS title
+                    FROM documents GROUP BY documents.user_id
+                )
 
-        UPDATE documents SET flag=1 WHERE documents.title IN
-            (SELECT max(documents.title) AS title
-                FROM documents GROUP BY documents.user_id
-            )
         """
         return fails_if(
             self._mysql_not_mariadb_103,
@@ -888,7 +887,8 @@ class DefaultRequirements(SuiteRequirements):
                     "sybase+pyodbc",
                     None,
                     None,
-                    "Don't know how do get these values through FreeTDS + Sybase",
+                    "Don't know how do get these values through "
+                    "FreeTDS + Sybase",
                 ),
                 ("firebird", None, None, "Precision must be from 1 to 18"),
             ]
diff --git a/test/sql/test_case_statement.py b/test/sql/test_case_statement.py
index 181dd79a1f..7bb612cfa4 100644
--- a/test/sql/test_case_statement.py
+++ b/test/sql/test_case_statement.py
@@ -1,21 +1,23 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises, eq_, assert_raises_message
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures, AssertsCompiledSQL
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    testing,
-    exc,
-    case,
-    select,
-    literal_column,
-    text,
-    and_,
-    Integer,
-    cast,
-    String,
-    Column,
-    Table,
-    MetaData,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.sql import table, column
+from sqlalchemy import and_
+from sqlalchemy import case
+from sqlalchemy import cast
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import literal_column
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
+from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy.sql import column
+from sqlalchemy.sql import table
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+
 
 info_table = None
 
diff --git a/test/sql/test_compiler.py b/test/sql/test_compiler.py
index f3305743ad..f152d0ed9d 100644
--- a/test/sql/test_compiler.py
+++ b/test/sql/test_compiler.py
@@ -10,76 +10,79 @@ styling and coherent test organization.
 
 """
 
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    eq_,
-    is_,
-    assert_raises,
-    assert_raises_message,
-    eq_ignore_whitespace,
-)
-from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures, AssertsCompiledSQL
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    MetaData,
-    Table,
-    Column,
-    select,
-    func,
-    not_,
-    cast,
-    text,
-    tuple_,
-    exists,
-    update,
-    bindparam,
-    literal,
-    and_,
-    null,
-    type_coerce,
-    alias,
-    or_,
-    literal_column,
-    Float,
-    TIMESTAMP,
-    Numeric,
-    Date,
-    Text,
-    union,
-    except_,
-    intersect,
-    union_all,
-    Boolean,
-    distinct,
-    join,
-    outerjoin,
-    asc,
-    desc,
-    over,
-    subquery,
-    case,
-    true,
-    CheckConstraint,
-    Sequence,
-)
 import decimal
-from sqlalchemy.util import u
-from sqlalchemy import exc, sql, util, types, schema
-from sqlalchemy.sql import table, column, label
-from sqlalchemy.sql.expression import ClauseList, _literal_as_text, HasPrefixes
+
+from sqlalchemy import alias
+from sqlalchemy import and_
+from sqlalchemy import asc
+from sqlalchemy import bindparam
+from sqlalchemy import Boolean
+from sqlalchemy import case
+from sqlalchemy import cast
+from sqlalchemy import CheckConstraint
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import Date
+from sqlalchemy import desc
+from sqlalchemy import distinct
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import except_
+from sqlalchemy import exists
+from sqlalchemy import Float
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import intersect
+from sqlalchemy import join
+from sqlalchemy import literal
+from sqlalchemy import literal_column
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import not_
+from sqlalchemy import null
+from sqlalchemy import Numeric
+from sqlalchemy import or_
+from sqlalchemy import outerjoin
+from sqlalchemy import over
+from sqlalchemy import schema
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import Sequence
+from sqlalchemy import sql
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import subquery
+from sqlalchemy import Table
+from sqlalchemy import Text
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy import TIMESTAMP
+from sqlalchemy import true
+from sqlalchemy import tuple_
+from sqlalchemy import type_coerce
+from sqlalchemy import types
+from sqlalchemy import union
+from sqlalchemy import union_all
+from sqlalchemy import util
+from sqlalchemy.dialects import mysql
+from sqlalchemy.dialects import oracle
+from sqlalchemy.dialects import postgresql
+from sqlalchemy.dialects import sqlite
+from sqlalchemy.dialects import sybase
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql.base import PGCompiler
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql.base import PGDialect
 from sqlalchemy.engine import default
-from sqlalchemy.dialects import (
-    mysql,
-    mssql,
-    postgresql,
-    oracle,
-    sqlite,
-    sybase,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql.base import PGCompiler, PGDialect
 from sqlalchemy.ext.compiler import compiles
+from sqlalchemy.sql import column
 from sqlalchemy.sql import compiler
+from sqlalchemy.sql import label
+from sqlalchemy.sql import table
+from sqlalchemy.sql.expression import _literal_as_text
+from sqlalchemy.sql.expression import ClauseList
+from sqlalchemy.sql.expression import HasPrefixes
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_ignore_whitespace
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from sqlalchemy.util import u
+
 
 table1 = table(
     "mytable",
@@ -958,14 +961,14 @@ class SelectTest(fixtures.TestBase, AssertsCompiledSQL):
             "zips", column("zipcode"), column("latitude"), column("longitude")
         )
         places = table("places", column("id"), column("nm"))
-        zip = "12345"
+        zipcode = "12345"
         qlat = (
-            select([zips.c.latitude], zips.c.zipcode == zip)
+            select([zips.c.latitude], zips.c.zipcode == zipcode)
             .correlate(None)
             .as_scalar()
         )
         qlng = (
-            select([zips.c.longitude], zips.c.zipcode == zip)
+            select([zips.c.longitude], zips.c.zipcode == zipcode)
             .correlate(None)
             .as_scalar()
         )
@@ -977,7 +980,7 @@ class SelectTest(fixtures.TestBase, AssertsCompiledSQL):
                 zips.c.zipcode,
                 func.latlondist(qlat, qlng).label("dist"),
             ],
-            zips.c.zipcode == zip,
+            zips.c.zipcode == zipcode,
             order_by=["dist", places.c.nm],
         )
 
@@ -3380,7 +3383,7 @@ class DDLTest(fixtures.TestBase, AssertsCompiledSQL):
             pass
 
         @compiles(MyType)
-        def compile(element, compiler, **kw):
+        def compile_(element, compiler, **kw):
             raise exc.CompileError("Couldn't compile type")
 
         return MyType
diff --git a/test/sql/test_constraints.py b/test/sql/test_constraints.py
index a5d2043ce8..fdc9731563 100644
--- a/test/sql/test_constraints.py
+++ b/test/sql/test_constraints.py
@@ -1,37 +1,32 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises, assert_raises_message
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Table,
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    Column,
-    PrimaryKeyConstraint,
-    ForeignKeyConstraint,
-    ForeignKey,
-    UniqueConstraint,
-    Index,
-    MetaData,
-    CheckConstraint,
-    func,
-    text,
-)
-from sqlalchemy import exc, schema
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    fixtures,
-    AssertsExecutionResults,
-    AssertsCompiledSQL,
-)
+from sqlalchemy import CheckConstraint
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKeyConstraint
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Index
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import PrimaryKeyConstraint
+from sqlalchemy import schema
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
 from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy import UniqueConstraint
 from sqlalchemy.engine import default
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsExecutionResults
 from sqlalchemy.testing import engines
-from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import expect_warnings
 from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
-from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import (
-    AllOf,
-    RegexSQL,
-    CompiledSQL,
-    DialectSQL,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.sql import table, column
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertions import expect_warnings
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import AllOf
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import CompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import DialectSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import RegexSQL
 
 
 class ConstraintGenTest(fixtures.TestBase, AssertsExecutionResults):
diff --git a/test/sql/test_cte.py b/test/sql/test_cte.py
index 74c32387f4..ed2787b0f1 100644
--- a/test/sql/test_cte.py
+++ b/test/sql/test_cte.py
@@ -1,20 +1,20 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures, eq_
-from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL, assert_raises_message
-from sqlalchemy.sql import (
-    table,
-    column,
-    select,
-    func,
-    literal,
-    exists,
-    and_,
-    bindparam,
-)
 from sqlalchemy.dialects import mssql
 from sqlalchemy.engine import default
 from sqlalchemy.exc import CompileError
+from sqlalchemy.sql import and_
+from sqlalchemy.sql import bindparam
+from sqlalchemy.sql import column
+from sqlalchemy.sql import exists
+from sqlalchemy.sql import func
+from sqlalchemy.sql import literal
+from sqlalchemy.sql import select
+from sqlalchemy.sql import table
 from sqlalchemy.sql.elements import quoted_name
 from sqlalchemy.sql.visitors import cloned_traverse
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
 
 
 class CTETest(fixtures.TestBase, AssertsCompiledSQL):
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ class CTETest(fixtures.TestBase, AssertsCompiledSQL):
     def test_recursive_union_no_alias_two(self):
         """
 
-        pg's example:
+        pg's example::
 
             WITH RECURSIVE t(n) AS (
                 VALUES (1)
diff --git a/test/sql/test_ddlemit.py b/test/sql/test_ddlemit.py
index 6c949f9ee9..3cdbfaeccb 100644
--- a/test/sql/test_ddlemit.py
+++ b/test/sql/test_ddlemit.py
@@ -1,7 +1,13 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from sqlalchemy.sql.ddl import SchemaGenerator, SchemaDropper
-from sqlalchemy import MetaData, Table, Column, Integer, Sequence, ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
 from sqlalchemy import schema
+from sqlalchemy import Sequence
+from sqlalchemy import Table
+from sqlalchemy.sql.ddl import SchemaDropper
+from sqlalchemy.sql.ddl import SchemaGenerator
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
 from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import Mock
 
 
diff --git a/test/sql/test_defaults.py b/test/sql/test_defaults.py
index b518a606f2..5ede46ede6 100644
--- a/test/sql/test_defaults.py
+++ b/test/sql/test_defaults.py
@@ -1,39 +1,45 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    eq_,
-    assert_raises_message,
-    assert_raises,
-    AssertsCompiledSQL,
-    expect_warnings,
-)
 import datetime
-from sqlalchemy.schema import CreateSequence, DropSequence, CreateTable
-from sqlalchemy.sql import select, text, literal_column
+import itertools
+
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from sqlalchemy import Boolean
+from sqlalchemy import cast
+from sqlalchemy import DateTime
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import literal
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import Sequence
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing import engines
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    MetaData,
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    ForeignKey,
-    Boolean,
-    exc,
-    Sequence,
-    func,
-    literal,
-    Unicode,
-    cast,
-    DateTime,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.types import TypeDecorator, TypeEngine
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
+from sqlalchemy import Unicode
+from sqlalchemy import util
 from sqlalchemy.dialects import sqlite
+from sqlalchemy.schema import CreateSequence
+from sqlalchemy.schema import CreateTable
+from sqlalchemy.schema import DropSequence
+from sqlalchemy.sql import literal_column
+from sqlalchemy.sql import select
+from sqlalchemy.sql import text
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import engines
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import expect_warnings
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from sqlalchemy.util import u, b
-from sqlalchemy import util
 from sqlalchemy.testing import mock
-import itertools
-from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import CompiledSQL, AllOf, EachOf
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import AllOf
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import CompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing.assertsql import EachOf
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
+from sqlalchemy.types import TypeDecorator
+from sqlalchemy.types import TypeEngine
+from sqlalchemy.util import b
+from sqlalchemy.util import u
+
 
 t = f = f2 = ts = currenttime = metadata = default_generator = None
 
diff --git a/test/sql/test_delete.py b/test/sql/test_delete.py
index cb5e696f20..f572a510ca 100644
--- a/test/sql/test_delete.py
+++ b/test/sql/test_delete.py
@@ -1,26 +1,23 @@
 #! coding:utf-8
 
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    ForeignKey,
-    delete,
-    select,
-    and_,
-    or_,
-    exists,
-)
+from sqlalchemy import and_
+from sqlalchemy import delete
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import exists
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import or_
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import testing
 from sqlalchemy.dialects import mysql
 from sqlalchemy.engine import default
-from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy import exc
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    AssertsCompiledSQL,
-    fixtures,
-    eq_,
-    assert_raises_message,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 
 
 class _DeleteTestBase(object):
diff --git a/test/sql/test_functions.py b/test/sql/test_functions.py
index b775df7406..83277ae986 100644
--- a/test/sql/test_functions.py
+++ b/test/sql/test_functions.py
@@ -1,36 +1,46 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, is_
 import datetime
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    func,
-    select,
-    Integer,
-    literal,
-    DateTime,
-    Table,
-    Column,
-    Sequence,
-    MetaData,
-    extract,
-    Date,
-    String,
-    bindparam,
-    literal_column,
-    ARRAY,
-    Numeric,
-    Boolean,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.sql import table, column
-from sqlalchemy import sql, util
-from sqlalchemy.sql.compiler import BIND_TEMPLATES
-from sqlalchemy.testing.engines import all_dialects
-from sqlalchemy import types as sqltypes
-from sqlalchemy.sql import functions
-from sqlalchemy.sql.functions import GenericFunction, FunctionElement
 import decimal
+
+from sqlalchemy import ARRAY
+from sqlalchemy import bindparam
+from sqlalchemy import Boolean
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import Date
+from sqlalchemy import DateTime
+from sqlalchemy import extract
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import literal
+from sqlalchemy import literal_column
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import Numeric
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import Sequence
+from sqlalchemy import sql
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures, AssertsCompiledSQL, engines
-from sqlalchemy.dialects import sqlite, postgresql, mysql, oracle
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message, assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy import types as sqltypes
+from sqlalchemy import util
+from sqlalchemy.dialects import mysql
+from sqlalchemy.dialects import oracle
+from sqlalchemy.dialects import postgresql
+from sqlalchemy.dialects import sqlite
+from sqlalchemy.sql import column
+from sqlalchemy.sql import functions
+from sqlalchemy.sql import table
+from sqlalchemy.sql.compiler import BIND_TEMPLATES
+from sqlalchemy.sql.functions import FunctionElement
+from sqlalchemy.sql.functions import GenericFunction
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import engines
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from sqlalchemy.testing.engines import all_dialects
+
 
 table1 = table(
     "mytable",
@@ -795,7 +805,7 @@ class ExecuteTest(fixtures.TestBase):
             type = Date()
 
         @compiles(myfunc)
-        def compile(elem, compiler, **kw):
+        def compile_(elem, compiler, **kw):
             return compiler.process(func.current_date())
 
         conn = testing.db.connect()
@@ -861,8 +871,8 @@ class ExecuteTest(fixtures.TestBase):
         assert t.select().execute().first()["value"] == 5
 
         r = t.insert(values=dict(value=func.length("sfsaafsda"))).execute()
-        id = r.inserted_primary_key[0]
-        assert t.select(t.c.id == id).execute().first()["value"] == 9
+        id_ = r.inserted_primary_key[0]
+        assert t.select(t.c.id == id_).execute().first()["value"] == 9
         t.update(values={t.c.value: func.length("asdf")}).execute()
         assert t.select().execute().first()["value"] == 4
         t2.insert().execute()
@@ -897,6 +907,7 @@ class ExecuteTest(fixtures.TestBase):
         t2.update(
             values={t2.c.value: func.length("asfdaasdf"), t2.c.stuff: "foo"}
         ).execute()
+
         eq_(select([t2.c.value, t2.c.stuff]).execute().first(), (9, "foo"))
 
     @testing.fails_on_everything_except("postgresql")
diff --git a/test/sql/test_generative.py b/test/sql/test_generative.py
index 1d064dd3a1..1e6221cdca 100644
--- a/test/sql/test_generative.py
+++ b/test/sql/test_generative.py
@@ -1,45 +1,42 @@
-from sqlalchemy.sql import table, column, ClauseElement, operators
-from sqlalchemy.sql.expression import _clone, _from_objects
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    func,
-    select,
-    Integer,
-    Table,
-    Column,
-    MetaData,
-    extract,
-    String,
-    bindparam,
-    tuple_,
-    and_,
-    union,
-    text,
-    case,
-    ForeignKey,
-    literal_column,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    fixtures,
-    AssertsExecutionResults,
-    AssertsCompiledSQL,
-)
-from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.sql.visitors import (
-    ClauseVisitor,
-    CloningVisitor,
-    cloned_traverse,
-    ReplacingCloningVisitor,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.sql import visitors
+from sqlalchemy import and_
+from sqlalchemy import bindparam
+from sqlalchemy import case
+from sqlalchemy import Column
 from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import extract
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import literal_column
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
+from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy import tuple_
+from sqlalchemy import union
+from sqlalchemy.sql import ClauseElement
+from sqlalchemy.sql import column
+from sqlalchemy.sql import operators
+from sqlalchemy.sql import table
 from sqlalchemy.sql import util as sql_util
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    eq_,
-    is_,
-    is_not_,
-    assert_raises,
-    assert_raises_message,
-)
+from sqlalchemy.sql import visitors
+from sqlalchemy.sql.expression import _clone
+from sqlalchemy.sql.expression import _from_objects
+from sqlalchemy.sql.visitors import ClauseVisitor
+from sqlalchemy.sql.visitors import cloned_traverse
+from sqlalchemy.sql.visitors import CloningVisitor
+from sqlalchemy.sql.visitors import ReplacingCloningVisitor
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsExecutionResults
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_not_
+
 
 A = B = t1 = t2 = t3 = table1 = table2 = table3 = table4 = None
 
@@ -230,9 +227,9 @@ class TraversalTest(fixtures.TestBase, AssertsExecutionResults):
         assert CustomObj.__visit_name__ == Column.__visit_name__ == "column"
 
         foo, bar = CustomObj("foo", String), CustomObj("bar", String)
-        bin = foo == bar
-        set(ClauseVisitor().iterate(bin))
-        assert set(ClauseVisitor().iterate(bin)) == set([foo, bar, bin])
+        bin_ = foo == bar
+        set(ClauseVisitor().iterate(bin_))
+        assert set(ClauseVisitor().iterate(bin_)) == set([foo, bar, bin_])
 
 
 class BinaryEndpointTraversalTest(fixtures.TestBase):
diff --git a/test/sql/test_insert.py b/test/sql/test_insert.py
index 3643deabdf..066e54e93c 100644
--- a/test/sql/test_insert.py
+++ b/test/sql/test_insert.py
@@ -1,32 +1,29 @@
 #! coding:utf-8
 
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Column,
-    Integer,
-    MetaData,
-    String,
-    Table,
-    bindparam,
-    exc,
-    func,
-    insert,
-    select,
-    column,
-    text,
-    table,
-    Sequence,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.dialects import mysql, postgresql
+from sqlalchemy import bindparam
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import column
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import insert
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import Sequence
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
+from sqlalchemy import table
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy.dialects import mysql
+from sqlalchemy.dialects import postgresql
 from sqlalchemy.engine import default
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    AssertsCompiledSQL,
-    assert_raises_message,
-    fixtures,
-    eq_,
-    expect_warnings,
-    assert_raises,
-)
 from sqlalchemy.sql import crud
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import expect_warnings
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
 
 
 class _InsertTestBase(object):
diff --git a/test/sql/test_insert_exec.py b/test/sql/test_insert_exec.py
index 7803de75e7..fafe7cc9ba 100644
--- a/test/sql/test_insert_exec.py
+++ b/test/sql/test_insert_exec.py
@@ -1,20 +1,22 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, assert_raises_message, is_
+from sqlalchemy import and_
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import INT
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import Sequence
+from sqlalchemy import sql
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures, engines
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    exc,
-    sql,
-    String,
-    Integer,
-    MetaData,
-    and_,
-    ForeignKey,
-    VARCHAR,
-    INT,
-    Sequence,
-    func,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
+from sqlalchemy import VARCHAR
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import engines
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 
 
 class InsertExecTest(fixtures.TablesTest):
@@ -94,16 +96,16 @@ class InsertExecTest(fixtures.TablesTest):
             result = engine.execute(table_.insert(), **values)
             ret = values.copy()
 
-            for col, id in zip(
+            for col, id_ in zip(
                 table_.primary_key, result.inserted_primary_key
             ):
-                ret[col.key] = id
+                ret[col.key] = id_
 
             if result.lastrow_has_defaults():
                 criterion = and_(
                     *[
-                        col == id
-                        for col, id in zip(
+                        col == id_
+                        for col, id_ in zip(
                             table_.primary_key, result.inserted_primary_key
                         )
                     ]
diff --git a/test/sql/test_inspect.py b/test/sql/test_inspect.py
index 0e78c06c81..0b7aa7a555 100644
--- a/test/sql/test_inspect.py
+++ b/test/sql/test_inspect.py
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 """test the inspection registry system."""
 
+from sqlalchemy import Column
 from sqlalchemy import inspect
-from sqlalchemy import Table, Column, Integer, MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import Table
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
 from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
 
diff --git a/test/sql/test_join_rewriting.py b/test/sql/test_join_rewriting.py
index dd74406fd7..59bbc11047 100644
--- a/test/sql/test_join_rewriting.py
+++ b/test/sql/test_join_rewriting.py
@@ -3,20 +3,19 @@ to support SQLite's lack of right-nested joins.  SQlite as of
 version 3.7.16 no longer has this limitation.
 
 """
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Table,
-    Column,
-    Integer,
-    MetaData,
-    ForeignKey,
-    select,
-    exists,
-    union,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures, AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import exists
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import Table
+from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import union
 from sqlalchemy import util
 from sqlalchemy.engine import default
-from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
 
 
 m = MetaData()
diff --git a/test/sql/test_labels.py b/test/sql/test_labels.py
index 8dfaa68599..901f941bea 100644
--- a/test/sql/test_labels.py
+++ b/test/sql/test_labels.py
@@ -1,22 +1,21 @@
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    exc as exceptions,
-    select,
-    MetaData,
-    Integer,
-    or_,
-    bindparam,
-)
+from sqlalchemy import bindparam
+from sqlalchemy import exc as exceptions
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import or_
+from sqlalchemy import select
 from sqlalchemy.engine import default
-from sqlalchemy.sql import table, column
+from sqlalchemy.sql import column
+from sqlalchemy.sql import table
 from sqlalchemy.sql.elements import _truncated_label
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    AssertsCompiledSQL,
-    assert_raises,
-    engines,
-    fixtures,
-    eq_,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import engines
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
+
 
 IDENT_LENGTH = 29
 
diff --git a/test/sql/test_lateral.py b/test/sql/test_lateral.py
index 163f636f6f..ee43475c84 100644
--- a/test/sql/test_lateral.py
+++ b/test/sql/test_lateral.py
@@ -1,10 +1,16 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL, assert_raises_message
-from sqlalchemy.sql import select, func
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import join
+from sqlalchemy import lateral
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
+from sqlalchemy import true
 from sqlalchemy.engine import default
-from sqlalchemy import exc
-from sqlalchemy import Table, Integer, String, ForeignKey, Column, true
-from sqlalchemy import lateral, outerjoin, join
+from sqlalchemy.sql import func
+from sqlalchemy.sql import select
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
 
 
 class LateralTest(fixtures.TablesTest, AssertsCompiledSQL):
diff --git a/test/sql/test_metadata.py b/test/sql/test_metadata.py
index 9a28b0c7b7..a6d4b2d1a3 100644
--- a/test/sql/test_metadata.py
+++ b/test/sql/test_metadata.py
@@ -1,45 +1,49 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
-from sqlalchemy.testing import emits_warning
+from contextlib import contextmanager
 import pickle
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    UniqueConstraint,
-    CheckConstraint,
-    ForeignKey,
-    MetaData,
-    Sequence,
-    ForeignKeyConstraint,
-    PrimaryKeyConstraint,
-    ColumnDefault,
-    Index,
-    event,
-    events,
-    Unicode,
-    types as sqltypes,
-    bindparam,
-    Table,
-    Column,
-    Boolean,
-    Enum,
-    func,
-    text,
-    TypeDecorator,
-    BLANK_SCHEMA,
-    ARRAY,
-)
-from sqlalchemy import schema, exc
-from sqlalchemy.engine import default
-from sqlalchemy.sql import elements, naming
+
 import sqlalchemy as tsa
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy import ARRAY
+from sqlalchemy import bindparam
+from sqlalchemy import BLANK_SCHEMA
+from sqlalchemy import Boolean
+from sqlalchemy import CheckConstraint
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import ColumnDefault
+from sqlalchemy import Enum
+from sqlalchemy import event
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKeyConstraint
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Index
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import PrimaryKeyConstraint
+from sqlalchemy import schema
+from sqlalchemy import Sequence
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing import ComparesTables, AssertsCompiledSQL
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, is_, mock, is_true, is_false
-from contextlib import contextmanager
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy import TypeDecorator
+from sqlalchemy import types as sqltypes
+from sqlalchemy import Unicode
+from sqlalchemy import UniqueConstraint
 from sqlalchemy import util
-from sqlalchemy.testing import engines
+from sqlalchemy.engine import default
+from sqlalchemy.sql import elements
+from sqlalchemy.sql import naming
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import ComparesTables
+from sqlalchemy.testing import emits_warning
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_false
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_true
+from sqlalchemy.testing import mock
 
 
 class MetaDataTest(fixtures.TestBase, ComparesTables):
@@ -526,7 +530,7 @@ class MetaDataTest(fixtures.TestBase, ComparesTables):
             (
                 name,
                 metadata,
-                schema,
+                schema_,
                 quote_schema,
                 exp_schema,
                 exp_quote_schema,
@@ -554,8 +558,8 @@ class MetaDataTest(fixtures.TestBase, ComparesTables):
             ]
         ):
             kw = {}
-            if schema is not None:
-                kw["schema"] = schema
+            if schema_ is not None:
+                kw["schema"] = schema_
             if quote_schema is not None:
                 kw["quote_schema"] = quote_schema
             t = Table(name, metadata, **kw)
@@ -3512,12 +3516,12 @@ class ColumnDefinitionTest(AssertsCompiledSQL, fixtures.TestBase):
         from sqlalchemy.sql import select
 
         class MyColumn(Column):
-            def _constructor(self, name, type, **kw):
+            def _constructor(self, name, type_, **kw):
                 kw["name"] = name
-                return MyColumn(type, **kw)
+                return MyColumn(type_, **kw)
 
-            def __init__(self, type, **kw):
-                Column.__init__(self, type, **kw)
+            def __init__(self, type_, **kw):
+                Column.__init__(self, type_, **kw)
 
             def my_goofy_thing(self):
                 return "hi"
@@ -3527,11 +3531,11 @@ class ColumnDefinitionTest(AssertsCompiledSQL, fixtures.TestBase):
             s = compiler.visit_column(element, **kw)
             return s + "-"
 
-        id = MyColumn(Integer, primary_key=True)
-        id.name = "id"
+        id_ = MyColumn(Integer, primary_key=True)
+        id_.name = "id"
         name = MyColumn(String)
         name.name = "name"
-        t1 = Table("foo", MetaData(), id, name)
+        t1 = Table("foo", MetaData(), id_, name)
 
         # goofy thing
         eq_(t1.c.name.my_goofy_thing(), "hi")
@@ -3555,14 +3559,14 @@ class ColumnDefinitionTest(AssertsCompiledSQL, fixtures.TestBase):
         from sqlalchemy.sql import select
 
         class MyColumn(Column):
-            def __init__(self, type, **kw):
-                Column.__init__(self, type, **kw)
+            def __init__(self, type_, **kw):
+                Column.__init__(self, type_, **kw)
 
-        id = MyColumn(Integer, primary_key=True)
-        id.name = "id"
+        id_ = MyColumn(Integer, primary_key=True)
+        id_.name = "id"
         name = MyColumn(String)
         name.name = "name"
-        t1 = Table("foo", MetaData(), id, name)
+        t1 = Table("foo", MetaData(), id_, name)
         assert_raises_message(
             TypeError,
             "Could not create a copy of this <class "
@@ -3577,7 +3581,7 @@ class ColumnDefinitionTest(AssertsCompiledSQL, fixtures.TestBase):
         from sqlalchemy.ext.compiler import compiles, deregister
 
         @compiles(schema.CreateColumn)
-        def compile(element, compiler, **kw):
+        def compile_(element, compiler, **kw):
             column = element.element
 
             if "special" not in column.info:
diff --git a/test/sql/test_operators.py b/test/sql/test_operators.py
index 2ce842cafc..978d3101d6 100644
--- a/test/sql/test_operators.py
+++ b/test/sql/test_operators.py
@@ -1,63 +1,68 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures, eq_, is_, is_not_
-from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
-from sqlalchemy.testing import expect_warnings
-from sqlalchemy.sql import (
-    column,
-    desc,
-    asc,
-    literal,
-    collate,
-    null,
-    true,
-    false,
-    any_,
-    all_,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.sql import sqltypes
-from sqlalchemy.sql.expression import (
-    BinaryExpression,
-    ClauseList,
-    Grouping,
-    UnaryExpression,
-    select,
-    union,
-    func,
-    tuple_,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.sql import operators, table
+import datetime
 import operator
-from sqlalchemy import String, Integer, LargeBinary
+
+from sqlalchemy import and_
+from sqlalchemy import between
 from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import LargeBinary
+from sqlalchemy import literal_column
+from sqlalchemy import not_
+from sqlalchemy import or_
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy import util
+from sqlalchemy.dialects import firebird
+from sqlalchemy.dialects import mssql
+from sqlalchemy.dialects import mysql
+from sqlalchemy.dialects import oracle
+from sqlalchemy.dialects import postgresql
+from sqlalchemy.dialects import sqlite
 from sqlalchemy.engine import default
-from sqlalchemy.sql.elements import _literal_as_text, Label
-from sqlalchemy.schema import Column, Table, MetaData
+from sqlalchemy.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.schema import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy.schema import Table
+from sqlalchemy.sql import all_
+from sqlalchemy.sql import any_
+from sqlalchemy.sql import asc
+from sqlalchemy.sql import collate
+from sqlalchemy.sql import column
 from sqlalchemy.sql import compiler
-from sqlalchemy.types import (
-    TypeEngine,
-    TypeDecorator,
-    UserDefinedType,
-    Boolean,
-    MatchType,
-    Indexable,
-    Concatenable,
-    ARRAY,
-    JSON,
-    DateTime,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.dialects import (
-    mysql,
-    firebird,
-    postgresql,
-    oracle,
-    sqlite,
-    mssql,
-)
-from sqlalchemy import util
-import datetime
-import collections
-from sqlalchemy import text, literal_column
-from sqlalchemy import and_, not_, between, or_
+from sqlalchemy.sql import desc
+from sqlalchemy.sql import false
+from sqlalchemy.sql import literal
+from sqlalchemy.sql import null
+from sqlalchemy.sql import operators
+from sqlalchemy.sql import sqltypes
+from sqlalchemy.sql import table
+from sqlalchemy.sql import true
+from sqlalchemy.sql.elements import _literal_as_text
+from sqlalchemy.sql.elements import Label
+from sqlalchemy.sql.expression import BinaryExpression
+from sqlalchemy.sql.expression import ClauseList
+from sqlalchemy.sql.expression import func
+from sqlalchemy.sql.expression import Grouping
+from sqlalchemy.sql.expression import select
+from sqlalchemy.sql.expression import tuple_
+from sqlalchemy.sql.expression import UnaryExpression
+from sqlalchemy.sql.expression import union
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import expect_warnings
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_not_
+from sqlalchemy.types import ARRAY
+from sqlalchemy.types import Boolean
+from sqlalchemy.types import Concatenable
+from sqlalchemy.types import DateTime
+from sqlalchemy.types import Indexable
+from sqlalchemy.types import JSON
+from sqlalchemy.types import MatchType
+from sqlalchemy.types import TypeDecorator
+from sqlalchemy.types import TypeEngine
+from sqlalchemy.types import UserDefinedType
 
 
 class LoopOperate(operators.ColumnOperators):
@@ -604,10 +609,10 @@ class ExtensionOperatorTest(fixtures.TestBase, testing.AssertsCompiledSQL):
 class JSONIndexOpTest(fixtures.TestBase, testing.AssertsCompiledSQL):
     def setUp(self):
         class MyTypeCompiler(compiler.GenericTypeCompiler):
-            def visit_mytype(self, type, **kw):
+            def visit_mytype(self, type_, **kw):
                 return "MYTYPE"
 
-            def visit_myothertype(self, type, **kw):
+            def visit_myothertype(self, type_, **kw):
                 return "MYOTHERTYPE"
 
         class MyCompiler(compiler.SQLCompiler):
@@ -721,10 +726,10 @@ class JSONIndexOpTest(fixtures.TestBase, testing.AssertsCompiledSQL):
 class ArrayIndexOpTest(fixtures.TestBase, testing.AssertsCompiledSQL):
     def setUp(self):
         class MyTypeCompiler(compiler.GenericTypeCompiler):
-            def visit_mytype(self, type, **kw):
+            def visit_mytype(self, type_, **kw):
                 return "MYTYPE"
 
-            def visit_myothertype(self, type, **kw):
+            def visit_myothertype(self, type_, **kw):
                 return "MYOTHERTYPE"
 
         class MyCompiler(compiler.SQLCompiler):
diff --git a/test/sql/test_query.py b/test/sql/test_query.py
index 13f3b01ff2..2726b3f3c2 100644
--- a/test/sql/test_query.py
+++ b/test/sql/test_query.py
@@ -1,43 +1,39 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    eq_,
-    assert_raises_message,
-    assert_raises,
-    is_,
-    in_,
-    not_in_,
-)
+from sqlalchemy import and_
+from sqlalchemy import asc
+from sqlalchemy import bindparam
+from sqlalchemy import cast
+from sqlalchemy import desc
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import except_
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import INT
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import intersect
+from sqlalchemy import literal
+from sqlalchemy import literal_column
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import not_
+from sqlalchemy import or_
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import sql
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures, engines
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    exc,
-    sql,
-    func,
-    select,
-    String,
-    Integer,
-    MetaData,
-    and_,
-    ForeignKey,
-    union,
-    intersect,
-    except_,
-    union_all,
-    VARCHAR,
-    INT,
-    text,
-    bindparam,
-    literal,
-    not_,
-    literal_column,
-    desc,
-    asc,
-    TypeDecorator,
-    or_,
-    cast,
-    tuple_,
-)
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy import tuple_
+from sqlalchemy import TypeDecorator
+from sqlalchemy import union
+from sqlalchemy import union_all
+from sqlalchemy import VARCHAR
 from sqlalchemy.engine import default
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import engines
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
+
 
 # ongoing - these are old tests.  those which are of general use
 # to test a dialect are being slowly migrated to
diff --git a/test/sql/test_quote.py b/test/sql/test_quote.py
index 4cc185298e..49dfbba9f3 100644
--- a/test/sql/test_quote.py
+++ b/test/sql/test_quote.py
@@ -1,22 +1,24 @@
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    MetaData,
-    Table,
-    Column,
-    Integer,
-    select,
-    ForeignKey,
-    Index,
-    CheckConstraint,
-    inspect,
-    column,
-)
-from sqlalchemy import sql, schema, types as sqltypes
-from sqlalchemy.sql import compiler
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures, AssertsCompiledSQL, eq_
+from sqlalchemy import CheckConstraint
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import column
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Index
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import schema
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import sql
+from sqlalchemy import Table
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.sql.elements import quoted_name, _anonymous_label
-from sqlalchemy.testing.util import picklers
 from sqlalchemy.engine import default
+from sqlalchemy.sql import compiler
+from sqlalchemy.sql.elements import _anonymous_label
+from sqlalchemy.sql.elements import quoted_name
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.util import picklers
 
 
 class QuoteExecTest(fixtures.TestBase):
@@ -215,18 +217,18 @@ class QuoteTest(fixtures.TestBase, AssertsCompiledSQL):
         """test the quoting of labels.
 
         If labels aren't quoted, a query in postgresql in particular will
-        fail since it produces:
-
-        SELECT
-            LaLa.lowercase, LaLa."UPPERCASE", LaLa."MixedCase", LaLa."ASC"
-        FROM (
-            SELECT DISTINCT
-                "WorstCase1".lowercase AS lowercase,
-                "WorstCase1"."UPPERCASE" AS UPPERCASE,
-                "WorstCase1"."MixedCase" AS MixedCase,
-                "WorstCase1"."ASC" AS ASC
-            FROM "WorstCase1"
-        ) AS LaLa
+        fail since it produces::
+
+            SELECT
+                LaLa.lowercase, LaLa."UPPERCASE", LaLa."MixedCase", LaLa."ASC"
+            FROM (
+                SELECT DISTINCT
+                    "WorstCase1".lowercase AS lowercase,
+                    "WorstCase1"."UPPERCASE" AS UPPERCASE,
+                    "WorstCase1"."MixedCase" AS MixedCase,
+                    "WorstCase1"."ASC" AS ASC
+                FROM "WorstCase1"
+            ) AS LaLa
 
         where the "UPPERCASE" column of "LaLa" doesn't exist.
         """
diff --git a/test/sql/test_resultset.py b/test/sql/test_resultset.py
index c5e1efef60..3bd61b1f83 100644
--- a/test/sql/test_resultset.py
+++ b/test/sql/test_resultset.py
@@ -1,44 +1,44 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    eq_,
-    assert_raises_message,
-    assert_raises,
-    in_,
-    not_in_,
-    is_,
-    ne_,
-    le_,
-)
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+import operator
+
+from sqlalchemy import CHAR
+from sqlalchemy import column
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import exc as sa_exc
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import INT
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import literal
+from sqlalchemy import literal_column
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import sql
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import table
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures, engines
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy import type_coerce
+from sqlalchemy import TypeDecorator
 from sqlalchemy import util
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    exc,
-    sql,
-    func,
-    select,
-    String,
-    Integer,
-    MetaData,
-    ForeignKey,
-    VARCHAR,
-    INT,
-    CHAR,
-    text,
-    type_coerce,
-    literal_column,
-    TypeDecorator,
-    table,
-    column,
-    literal,
-)
+from sqlalchemy import VARCHAR
+from sqlalchemy.engine import default
 from sqlalchemy.engine import result as _result
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-import operator
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
 from sqlalchemy.testing import assertions
-from sqlalchemy import exc as sa_exc
-from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import patch, Mock
-from contextlib import contextmanager
-from sqlalchemy.engine import default
+from sqlalchemy.testing import engines
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import in_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import le_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import ne_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import not_in_
+from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import Mock
+from sqlalchemy.testing.mock import patch
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 
 
 class ResultProxyTest(fixtures.TablesTest):
diff --git a/test/sql/test_returning.py b/test/sql/test_returning.py
index e298a2d552..aa10626c5c 100644
--- a/test/sql/test_returning.py
+++ b/test/sql/test_returning.py
@@ -1,24 +1,23 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+import itertools
+
+from sqlalchemy import Boolean
+from sqlalchemy import exc as sa_exc
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import Sequence
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsExecutionResults
+from sqlalchemy.testing import engines
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 from sqlalchemy.types import TypeDecorator
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    fixtures,
-    AssertsExecutionResults,
-    engines,
-    assert_raises_message,
-)
-from sqlalchemy import exc as sa_exc
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    MetaData,
-    String,
-    Integer,
-    Boolean,
-    func,
-    select,
-    Sequence,
-)
-import itertools
+
 
 table = GoofyType = seq = None
 
@@ -313,7 +312,7 @@ class ReturnDefaultsTest(fixtures.TablesTest):
             pass
 
         @compiles(IncDefault)
-        def compile(element, compiler, **kw):
+        def compile_(element, compiler, **kw):
             return str(next(counter))
 
         Table(
diff --git a/test/sql/test_rowcount.py b/test/sql/test_rowcount.py
index 126e1f0cd8..8cff8c98f7 100644
--- a/test/sql/test_rowcount.py
+++ b/test/sql/test_rowcount.py
@@ -1,7 +1,15 @@
-from sqlalchemy import *
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures, AssertsExecutionResults
+from sqlalchemy import bindparam
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import Sequence
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
 from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsExecutionResults
 from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
 
 
 class FoundRowsTest(fixtures.TestBase, AssertsExecutionResults):
diff --git a/test/sql/test_selectable.py b/test/sql/test_selectable.py
index 023a0bc61b..5456dfb4f2 100644
--- a/test/sql/test_selectable.py
+++ b/test/sql/test_selectable.py
@@ -1,19 +1,47 @@
 """Test various algorithmic properties of selectables."""
 
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, assert_raises, assert_raises_message, is_
-from sqlalchemy import *
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    fixtures,
-    AssertsCompiledSQL,
-    AssertsExecutionResults,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.sql import elements
-from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.sql import util as sql_util, visitors, expression
+from sqlalchemy import alias
+from sqlalchemy import and_
+from sqlalchemy import bindparam
+from sqlalchemy import Boolean
+from sqlalchemy import cast
+from sqlalchemy import Column
 from sqlalchemy import exc
-from sqlalchemy.sql import table, column, null
+from sqlalchemy import exists
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import join
+from sqlalchemy import literal_column
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import not_
+from sqlalchemy import null
+from sqlalchemy import or_
+from sqlalchemy import outerjoin
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import Sequence
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
+from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy import type_coerce
+from sqlalchemy import TypeDecorator
+from sqlalchemy import union
 from sqlalchemy import util
-from sqlalchemy.schema import Column, Table, MetaData
+from sqlalchemy.sql import column
+from sqlalchemy.sql import elements
+from sqlalchemy.sql import expression
+from sqlalchemy.sql import table
+from sqlalchemy.sql import util as sql_util
+from sqlalchemy.sql import visitors
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsExecutionResults
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+
 
 metadata = MetaData()
 table1 = Table(
@@ -691,7 +719,8 @@ class SelectableTest(
         assert s.c.b is not None
         self.assert_compile(
             s.select(),
-            "SELECT b FROM (SELECT (SELECT table1.col1 AS a FROM table1) AS b)",
+            "SELECT b FROM "
+            "(SELECT (SELECT table1.col1 AS a FROM table1) AS b)",
         )
 
         s2 = select([s.label("c")])
@@ -1980,17 +2009,17 @@ class AnnotationsTest(fixtures.TestBase):
     def test_annotated_visit(self):
         table1 = table("table1", column("col1"), column("col2"))
 
-        bin = table1.c.col1 == bindparam("foo", value=None)
-        assert str(bin) == "table1.col1 = :foo"
+        bin_ = table1.c.col1 == bindparam("foo", value=None)
+        assert str(bin_) == "table1.col1 = :foo"
 
         def visit_binary(b):
             b.right = table1.c.col2
 
-        b2 = visitors.cloned_traverse(bin, {}, {"binary": visit_binary})
+        b2 = visitors.cloned_traverse(bin_, {}, {"binary": visit_binary})
         assert str(b2) == "table1.col1 = table1.col2"
 
         b3 = visitors.cloned_traverse(
-            bin._annotate({}), {}, {"binary": visit_binary}
+            bin_._annotate({}), {}, {"binary": visit_binary}
         )
         assert str(b3) == "table1.col1 = table1.col2"
 
@@ -2041,11 +2070,11 @@ class AnnotationsTest(fixtures.TestBase):
     def test_deannotate(self):
         table1 = table("table1", column("col1"), column("col2"))
 
-        bin = table1.c.col1 == bindparam("foo", value=None)
+        bin_ = table1.c.col1 == bindparam("foo", value=None)
 
-        b2 = sql_util._deep_annotate(bin, {"_orm_adapt": True})
+        b2 = sql_util._deep_annotate(bin_, {"_orm_adapt": True})
         b3 = sql_util._deep_deannotate(b2)
-        b4 = sql_util._deep_deannotate(bin)
+        b4 = sql_util._deep_deannotate(bin_)
 
         for elem in (b2._annotations, b2.left._annotations):
             assert "_orm_adapt" in elem
@@ -2058,12 +2087,12 @@ class AnnotationsTest(fixtures.TestBase):
         ):
             assert elem == {}
 
-        assert b2.left is not bin.left
-        assert b3.left is not b2.left and b2.left is not bin.left
-        assert b4.left is bin.left  # since column is immutable
+        assert b2.left is not bin_.left
+        assert b3.left is not b2.left and b2.left is not bin_.left
+        assert b4.left is bin_.left  # since column is immutable
         # deannotate copies the element
         assert (
-            bin.right is not b2.right
+            bin_.right is not b2.right
             and b2.right is not b3.right
             and b3.right is not b4.right
         )
diff --git a/test/sql/test_tablesample.py b/test/sql/test_tablesample.py
index 712450d9f2..d2c57c9305 100644
--- a/test/sql/test_tablesample.py
+++ b/test/sql/test_tablesample.py
@@ -1,10 +1,14 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
-from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL, assert_raises_message
-from sqlalchemy.sql import select, func, text
-from sqlalchemy.engine import default
-from sqlalchemy import exc
-from sqlalchemy import Table, Integer, String, Column
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
 from sqlalchemy import tablesample
+from sqlalchemy.engine import default
+from sqlalchemy.sql import func
+from sqlalchemy.sql import select
+from sqlalchemy.sql import text
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
 
 
 class TableSampleTest(fixtures.TablesTest, AssertsCompiledSQL):
diff --git a/test/sql/test_text.py b/test/sql/test_text.py
index 34415600e8..6b419f5995 100644
--- a/test/sql/test_text.py
+++ b/test/sql/test_text.py
@@ -1,36 +1,34 @@
 """Test the TextClause and related constructs."""
 
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    fixtures,
-    AssertsCompiledSQL,
-    eq_,
-    assert_raises_message,
-    expect_warnings,
-    assert_warnings,
-)
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    text,
-    select,
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    Float,
-    bindparam,
-    and_,
-    func,
-    literal_column,
-    exc,
-    MetaData,
-    Table,
-    Column,
-    asc,
-    func,
-    desc,
-    union,
-    literal,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.types import NullType
-from sqlalchemy.sql import table, column, util as sql_util
+from sqlalchemy import and_
+from sqlalchemy import asc
+from sqlalchemy import bindparam
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import desc
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import Float
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import literal
+from sqlalchemy import literal_column
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy import union
 from sqlalchemy import util
+from sqlalchemy.sql import column
+from sqlalchemy.sql import table
+from sqlalchemy.sql import util as sql_util
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_warnings
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import expect_warnings
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.types import NullType
+
 
 table1 = table(
     "mytable",
diff --git a/test/sql/test_type_expressions.py b/test/sql/test_type_expressions.py
index 8c5fb1f071..18877c338f 100644
--- a/test/sql/test_type_expressions.py
+++ b/test/sql/test_type_expressions.py
@@ -1,16 +1,15 @@
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Table,
-    Column,
-    String,
-    func,
-    MetaData,
-    select,
-    TypeDecorator,
-    cast,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures, AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy import cast
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
 from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import TypeDecorator
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
 from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
 
 
 class _ExprFixture(object):
diff --git a/test/sql/test_types.py b/test/sql/test_types.py
index 179f1050c9..c54fe1e549 100644
--- a/test/sql/test_types.py
+++ b/test/sql/test_types.py
@@ -1,86 +1,89 @@
 # coding: utf-8
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    eq_,
-    is_,
-    is_not_,
-    assert_raises,
-    assert_raises_message,
-    expect_warnings,
-)
-import decimal
 import datetime
+import decimal
+import importlib
+import operator
 import os
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Unicode,
-    MetaData,
-    PickleType,
-    Boolean,
-    TypeDecorator,
-    Integer,
-    Interval,
-    Float,
-    Numeric,
-    Text,
-    CHAR,
-    String,
-    distinct,
-    select,
-    bindparam,
-    and_,
-    func,
-    Date,
-    LargeBinary,
-    literal,
-    cast,
-    text,
-    Enum,
-    type_coerce,
-    VARCHAR,
-    Time,
-    DateTime,
-    BigInteger,
-    SmallInteger,
-    BOOLEAN,
-    BLOB,
-    NCHAR,
-    NVARCHAR,
-    CLOB,
-    TIME,
-    DATE,
-    DATETIME,
-    TIMESTAMP,
-    SMALLINT,
-    INTEGER,
-    DECIMAL,
-    NUMERIC,
-    FLOAT,
-    REAL,
-    ARRAY,
-    JSON,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.sql import ddl
-from sqlalchemy.sql import visitors
+
+from sqlalchemy import and_
+from sqlalchemy import ARRAY
+from sqlalchemy import BigInteger
+from sqlalchemy import bindparam
+from sqlalchemy import BLOB
+from sqlalchemy import BOOLEAN
+from sqlalchemy import Boolean
+from sqlalchemy import cast
+from sqlalchemy import CHAR
+from sqlalchemy import CLOB
+from sqlalchemy import DATE
+from sqlalchemy import Date
+from sqlalchemy import DATETIME
+from sqlalchemy import DateTime
+from sqlalchemy import DECIMAL
+from sqlalchemy import dialects
+from sqlalchemy import distinct
+from sqlalchemy import Enum
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import FLOAT
+from sqlalchemy import Float
+from sqlalchemy import func
 from sqlalchemy import inspection
-from sqlalchemy import exc, types, util, dialects
-from sqlalchemy.util import OrderedDict
-from sqlalchemy.sql import operators, column, table, null
-from sqlalchemy.schema import CheckConstraint, AddConstraint
-from sqlalchemy.engine import default
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
+from sqlalchemy import INTEGER
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import Interval
+from sqlalchemy import JSON
+from sqlalchemy import LargeBinary
+from sqlalchemy import literal
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import NCHAR
+from sqlalchemy import NUMERIC
+from sqlalchemy import Numeric
+from sqlalchemy import NVARCHAR
+from sqlalchemy import PickleType
+from sqlalchemy import REAL
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import SMALLINT
+from sqlalchemy import SmallInteger
+from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    AssertsCompiledSQL,
-    AssertsExecutionResults,
-    engines,
-    pickleable,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing.util import picklers
-from sqlalchemy.testing.util import round_decimal
+from sqlalchemy import Text
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy import TIME
+from sqlalchemy import Time
+from sqlalchemy import TIMESTAMP
+from sqlalchemy import type_coerce
+from sqlalchemy import TypeDecorator
+from sqlalchemy import types
+from sqlalchemy import Unicode
+from sqlalchemy import util
+from sqlalchemy import VARCHAR
+from sqlalchemy.engine import default
+from sqlalchemy.schema import AddConstraint
+from sqlalchemy.schema import CheckConstraint
+from sqlalchemy.sql import column
+from sqlalchemy.sql import ddl
+from sqlalchemy.sql import null
+from sqlalchemy.sql import operators
+from sqlalchemy.sql import sqltypes
+from sqlalchemy.sql import table
+from sqlalchemy.sql import visitors
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsExecutionResults
+from sqlalchemy.testing import engines
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import expect_warnings
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_not_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import mock
-from sqlalchemy.sql import column
-import operator
-import importlib
+from sqlalchemy.testing import pickleable
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
+from sqlalchemy.testing.util import picklers
+from sqlalchemy.testing.util import round_decimal
+from sqlalchemy.util import OrderedDict
 
 
 class AdaptTest(fixtures.TestBase):
@@ -198,8 +201,6 @@ class AdaptTest(fixtures.TestBase):
                     ):
                         yield True, subcl, [typ]
 
-        from sqlalchemy.sql import sqltypes
-
         for is_down_adaption, typ, target_adaptions in adaptions():
             if typ in (types.TypeDecorator, types.TypeEngine, types.Variant):
                 continue
@@ -2754,8 +2755,8 @@ class NumericRawSQLTest(fixtures.TestBase):
 
     """
 
-    def _fixture(self, metadata, type, data):
-        t = Table("t", metadata, Column("val", type))
+    def _fixture(self, metadata, type_, data):
+        t = Table("t", metadata, Column("val", type_))
         metadata.create_all()
         t.insert().execute(val=data)
 
diff --git a/test/sql/test_unicode.py b/test/sql/test_unicode.py
index fafdb03a3a..5b51644e67 100644
--- a/test/sql/test_unicode.py
+++ b/test/sql/test_unicode.py
@@ -1,11 +1,18 @@
 # coding: utf-8
 """verrrrry basic unicode column name testing"""
 
-from sqlalchemy import *
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures, engines, eq_
+from sqlalchemy import desc
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
 from sqlalchemy import testing
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy.util import u, ue
+from sqlalchemy.testing import engines
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
+from sqlalchemy.util import u
+from sqlalchemy.util import ue
 
 
 class UnicodeSchemaTest(fixtures.TestBase):
@@ -189,7 +196,8 @@ class UnicodeSchemaTest(fixtures.TestBase):
             repr(t),
             (
                 "Table('\\u6e2c\\u8a66', MetaData(bind=None), "
-                "Column('\\u6e2c\\u8a66_id', Integer(), table=<\u6e2c\u8a66>), "
+                "Column('\\u6e2c\\u8a66_id', Integer(), "
+                "table=<\u6e2c\u8a66>), "
                 "schema=None)"
             ),
         )
diff --git a/test/sql/test_update.py b/test/sql/test_update.py
index 191ecb4d6b..514076daab 100644
--- a/test/sql/test_update.py
+++ b/test/sql/test_update.py
@@ -1,33 +1,30 @@
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Integer,
-    String,
-    ForeignKey,
-    and_,
-    or_,
-    func,
-    literal,
-    update,
-    table,
-    bindparam,
-    column,
-    select,
-    exc,
-    exists,
-    text,
-    MetaData,
-)
+from sqlalchemy import and_
+from sqlalchemy import bindparam
+from sqlalchemy import column
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+from sqlalchemy import exists
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import literal
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import or_
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import table
 from sqlalchemy import testing
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy import update
+from sqlalchemy import util
 from sqlalchemy.dialects import mysql
 from sqlalchemy.engine import default
-from sqlalchemy.testing import (
-    AssertsCompiledSQL,
-    eq_,
-    fixtures,
-    assert_raises_message,
-    assert_raises,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table, Column
-from sqlalchemy import util
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises
+from sqlalchemy.testing import assert_raises_message
+from sqlalchemy.testing import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
+from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 
 
 class _UpdateFromTestBase(object):
diff --git a/test/sql/test_utils.py b/test/sql/test_utils.py
index bc124ada97..023c483fcf 100644
--- a/test/sql/test_utils.py
+++ b/test/sql/test_utils.py
@@ -1,9 +1,19 @@
-from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures, is_true, is_false, eq_
-from sqlalchemy import MetaData, Table, Column, Integer, String
-from sqlalchemy import and_, or_, bindparam
-from sqlalchemy.sql.elements import ClauseList, ColumnElement
+from sqlalchemy import and_
+from sqlalchemy import bindparam
+from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy import Integer
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy import or_
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy import Table
 from sqlalchemy.sql import operators
 from sqlalchemy.sql import util as sql_util
+from sqlalchemy.sql.elements import ClauseList
+from sqlalchemy.sql.elements import ColumnElement
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_false
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_true
 
 
 class CompareClausesTest(fixtures.TestBase):