From: Chet Ramey Date: Fri, 9 Dec 2011 01:23:30 +0000 (-0500) Subject: commit bash-20091223 snapshot X-Git-Tag: bash-4.3-alpha~193 X-Git-Url: http://git.ipfire.org/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi?a=commitdiff_plain;h=a31435742fb2036e56df64523039abf1d52932b7;p=thirdparty%2Fbash.git commit bash-20091223 snapshot --- diff --git a/CWRU/CWRU.chlog b/CWRU/CWRU.chlog index 2523e4add..231d10a34 100644 --- a/CWRU/CWRU.chlog +++ b/CWRU/CWRU.chlog @@ -9189,7 +9189,7 @@ config-top.h shell.c - don't include the --wordexp option or the supporting function (run_wordexp) if WORDEXP_OPTION is not defined. Suggested by - Aharon Robbins. + Aharon Robbins execute_cmd.c - in execute_cond_node, turn on comsub_ignore_return if the flags @@ -9270,3 +9270,39 @@ lib/readline/signals.c immediately handles signals. This restores the readline-5.2 behavior. Fixes GDB readline bug reported by Jan Kratochvil + + 12/22 + ----- +config-top.h + - don't have SYSLOG_HISTORY enabled by default + +lib/sh/Makefile.in + - add explicit dependency on pathnames.h for parallel make support + +externs.h + - add extern declaration for xtrace_fdchk + +lib/sh/snprintf.c + - add local prototype declarations for isinf, isnan if we are providing + local definitions + +lib/sh/fnxform.c + - add extern declaration for get_locale_var if HAVE_LOCALE_CHARSET not + defined + +execute_cmd.c + - define NEED_FPURGE_DECL so we pick up any extern declaration for + fpurge (e.g., if the system doesn't provide it) + +builtins/shopt.def + - correct prototype and declaration for set_shellopts_after_change so + it's the correct type for shopt_set_func_t + - add new function shopt_enable_hostname_completion that is the correct + type for shopt_set_func_t; just calls enable_hostname_completion and + returns its result + + 12/26 + ----- +doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi} + - add \E and \" escape sequences to ANSI-C quoting description. + Suggested by Aharon Robbins diff --git a/CWRU/CWRU.chlog~ b/CWRU/CWRU.chlog~ index 3501bad3c..fe712b2c2 100644 --- a/CWRU/CWRU.chlog~ +++ b/CWRU/CWRU.chlog~ @@ -9161,6 +9161,10 @@ builtins/printf.def value accumulated so far, which is suppose to be what strtoimax/strtoll/strtol returns + 11/17 + ----- +[bash-4.1-beta released] + 11/18 ----- builtins/{common.h,shopt.def},shell.c @@ -9266,3 +9270,33 @@ lib/readline/signals.c immediately handles signals. This restores the readline-5.2 behavior. Fixes GDB readline bug reported by Jan Kratochvil + + 12/22 + ----- +config-top.h + - don't have SYSLOG_HISTORY enabled by default + +lib/sh/Makefile.in + - add explicit dependency on pathnames.h for parallel make support + +externs.h + - add extern declaration for xtrace_fdchk + +lib/sh/snprintf.c + - add local prototype declarations for isinf, isnan if we are providing + local definitions + +lib/sh/fnxform.c + - add extern declaration for get_locale_var if HAVE_LOCALE_CHARSET not + defined + +execute_cmd.c + - define NEED_FPURGE_DECL so we pick up any extern declaration for + fpurge (e.g., if the system doesn't provide it) + +builtins/shopt.def + - correct prototype and declaration for set_shellopts_after_change so + it's the correct type for shopt_set_func_t + - add new function shopt_enable_hostname_completion that is the correct + type for shopt_set_func_t; just calls enable_hostname_completion and + returns its result diff --git a/Makefile.in b/Makefile.in index fae243676..415e85e1c 100644 --- a/Makefile.in +++ b/Makefile.in @@ -864,6 +864,7 @@ hashtest: hashlib.c # Files that depend on the definitions in config-top.h, which are not meant # to be changed +bashhist.o: config-top.h shell.o: config-top.h input.o: config-top.h y.tab.o: config-top.h @@ -1229,7 +1230,7 @@ builtins/evalstring.o: ${BASHINCDIR}/memalloc.h variables.h arrayfunc.h conftype builtins/evalstring.o: quit.h unwind_prot.h ${BASHINCDIR}/maxpath.h jobs.h builtins.h builtins/evalstring.o: dispose_cmd.h make_cmd.h subst.h externs.h builtins/evalstring.o: jobs.h builtins.h flags.h input.h execute_cmd.h -builtins/evalstring.o: bashhist.h $(DEFSRC)/common.h +builtins/evalstring.o: bashhist.h $(DEFSRC)/common.h pathnames.h builtins/getopt.o: config.h ${BASHINCDIR}/memalloc.h builtins/getopt.o: shell.h syntax.h bashjmp.h command.h general.h xmalloc.h error.h builtins/getopt.o: variables.h arrayfunc.h conftypes.h quit.h ${BASHINCDIR}/maxpath.h unwind_prot.h dispose_cmd.h @@ -1285,6 +1286,7 @@ builtins/enable.o: pcomplete.h pathnames.h builtins/eval.o: command.h config.h ${BASHINCDIR}/memalloc.h error.h general.h xmalloc.h ${BASHINCDIR}/maxpath.h builtins/eval.o: shell.h syntax.h bashjmp.h ${BASHINCDIR}/posixjmp.h sig.h unwind_prot.h variables.h arrayfunc.h conftypes.h quit.h builtins/eval.o: dispose_cmd.h make_cmd.h subst.h externs.h ${BASHINCDIR}/stdc.h +builtins/eval.o: pathnames.h builtins/exec.o: bashtypes.h pathnames.h builtins/exec.o: command.h config.h ${BASHINCDIR}/memalloc.h error.h general.h xmalloc.h ${BASHINCDIR}/maxpath.h builtins/exec.o: shell.h syntax.h bashjmp.h ${BASHINCDIR}/posixjmp.h sig.h unwind_prot.h variables.h arrayfunc.h conftypes.h diff --git a/arrayfunc.h b/arrayfunc.h index 9614698ad..c12fc9932 100644 --- a/arrayfunc.h +++ b/arrayfunc.h @@ -32,6 +32,8 @@ extern SHELL_VAR *bind_array_variable __P((char *, arrayind_t, char *, int)); extern SHELL_VAR *bind_array_element __P((SHELL_VAR *, arrayind_t, char *, int)); extern SHELL_VAR *assign_array_element __P((char *, char *, int)); +extern SHELL_VAR *bind_assoc_variable __P((SHELL_VAR *, char *, char *, char *, int)); + extern SHELL_VAR *find_or_make_array_variable __P((char *, int)); extern SHELL_VAR *assign_array_from_string __P((char *, char *, int)); diff --git a/builtins/common.h b/builtins/common.h index 47bc4bfeb..efbb0785c 100644 --- a/builtins/common.h +++ b/builtins/common.h @@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ extern int set_login_shell __P((char *, int)); extern void set_bashopts __P((void)); extern void parse_bashopts __P((char *)); -extern void intialize_bashopts __P((int)); +extern void initialize_bashopts __P((int)); /* Functions from type.def */ extern int describe_command __P((char *, int)); diff --git a/builtins/shopt.def b/builtins/shopt.def index 38e5070b2..68c7245bb 100644 --- a/builtins/shopt.def +++ b/builtins/shopt.def @@ -112,8 +112,8 @@ extern int debugging_mode; static void shopt_error __P((char *)); -static int set_shellopts_after_change __P((int)); - +static int set_shellopts_after_change __P((char *, int)); +static int shopt_enable_hostname_completion __P((char *, int)); static int set_compatibility_level __P((char *, int)); #if defined (RESTRICTED_SHELL) @@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ static struct { #if defined (READLINE) { "histreedit", &history_reediting, (shopt_set_func_t *)NULL }, { "histverify", &hist_verify, (shopt_set_func_t *)NULL }, - { "hostcomplete", &perform_hostname_completion, enable_hostname_completion }, + { "hostcomplete", &perform_hostname_completion, shopt_enable_hostname_completion }, #endif { "huponexit", &hup_on_exit, (shopt_set_func_t *)NULL }, { "interactive_comments", &interactive_comments, set_shellopts_after_change }, @@ -487,13 +487,22 @@ set_shopt_o_options (mode, list, quiet) /* If we set or unset interactive_comments with shopt, make sure the change is reflected in $SHELLOPTS. */ static int -set_shellopts_after_change (mode) +set_shellopts_after_change (option_name, mode) + char *option_name; int mode; { set_shellopts (); return (0); } +static int +shopt_enable_hostname_completion (option_name, mode) + char *option_name; + int mode; +{ + return (enable_hostname_completion (mode)); +} + static int set_compatibility_level (option_name, mode) char *option_name; diff --git a/config-top.h b/config-top.h index 5265a050b..147d4f4f7 100644 --- a/config-top.h +++ b/config-top.h @@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ /* Define if you want each line saved to the history list in bashhist.c: bash_add_history() to be sent to syslog(). */ -#define SYSLOG_HISTORY +/* #define SYSLOG_HISTORY */ #if defined (SYSLOG_HISTORY) # define SYSLOG_FACILITY LOG_USER # define SYSLOG_LEVEL LOG_INFO diff --git a/doc/bash.0 b/doc/bash.0 index 0fcadd75c..b57a5ea9b 100644 --- a/doc/bash.0 +++ b/doc/bash.0 @@ -2186,8 +2186,9 @@ CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS True if the length of _s_t_r_i_n_g is non-zero. _s_t_r_i_n_g_1 ==== _s_t_r_i_n_g_2 - True if the strings are equal. == may be used in place of ==== for - strict POSIX compliance. + _s_t_r_i_n_g_1 == _s_t_r_i_n_g_2 + True if the strings are equal. == should be used with the tteesstt + command for POSIX conformance. _s_t_r_i_n_g_1 !!== _s_t_r_i_n_g_2 True if the strings are not equal. @@ -4548,8 +4549,10 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS --NN _n_c_h_a_r_s rreeaadd returns after reading exactly _n_c_h_a_r_s characters rather than waiting for a complete line of input, unless - EOF is encountered or rreeaadd times out. Any delimiter is - ignored. + EOF is encountered or rreeaadd times out. Delimiter charac- + ters encountered in the input are not treated specially + and do not cause rreeaadd to return until _n_c_h_a_r_s characters + are read. --pp _p_r_o_m_p_t Display _p_r_o_m_p_t on standard error, without a trailing new- line, before attempting to read any input. The prompt is @@ -4852,58 +4855,67 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS If set, bbaasshh changes its behavior to that of version 3.1 with respect to quoted arguments to the conditional com- mand's =~ operator. + ccoommppaatt3322 + If set, bbaasshh changes its behavior to that of version 3.2 + with respect to locale-specific string comparison when + using the conditional command's < and > operators. + ccoommppaatt4400 + If set, bbaasshh changes its behavior to that of version 4.0 + with respect to locale-specific string comparison when + using the conditional command's < and > operators and + the effect of interrupting a command list. ddiirrssppeellll - If set, bbaasshh attempts spelling correction on directory - names during word completion if the directory name ini- + If set, bbaasshh attempts spelling correction on directory + names during word completion if the directory name ini- tially supplied does not exist. - ddoottgglloobb If set, bbaasshh includes filenames beginning with a `.' in + ddoottgglloobb If set, bbaasshh includes filenames beginning with a `.' in the results of pathname expansion. eexxeeccffaaiill If set, a non-interactive shell will not exit if it can- - not execute the file specified as an argument to the - eexxeecc builtin command. An interactive shell does not + not execute the file specified as an argument to the + eexxeecc builtin command. An interactive shell does not exit if eexxeecc fails. eexxppaanndd__aalliiaasseess - If set, aliases are expanded as described above under + If set, aliases are expanded as described above under AALLIIAASSEESS. This option is enabled by default for interac- tive shells. eexxttddeebbuugg - If set, behavior intended for use by debuggers is + If set, behavior intended for use by debuggers is enabled: 11.. The --FF option to the ddeeccllaarree builtin displays the source file name and line number corresponding to each function name supplied as an argument. - 22.. If the command run by the DDEEBBUUGG trap returns a - non-zero value, the next command is skipped and + 22.. If the command run by the DDEEBBUUGG trap returns a + non-zero value, the next command is skipped and not executed. - 33.. If the command run by the DDEEBBUUGG trap returns a - value of 2, and the shell is executing in a sub- - routine (a shell function or a shell script exe- - cuted by the .. or ssoouurrccee builtins), a call to + 33.. If the command run by the DDEEBBUUGG trap returns a + value of 2, and the shell is executing in a sub- + routine (a shell function or a shell script exe- + cuted by the .. or ssoouurrccee builtins), a call to rreettuurrnn is simulated. - 44.. BBAASSHH__AARRGGCC and BBAASSHH__AARRGGVV are updated as described + 44.. BBAASSHH__AARRGGCC and BBAASSHH__AARRGGVV are updated as described in their descriptions above. - 55.. Function tracing is enabled: command substitu- + 55.. Function tracing is enabled: command substitu- tion, shell functions, and subshells invoked with (( _c_o_m_m_a_n_d )) inherit the DDEEBBUUGG and RREETTUURRNN traps. - 66.. Error tracing is enabled: command substitution, - shell functions, and subshells invoked with (( + 66.. Error tracing is enabled: command substitution, + shell functions, and subshells invoked with (( _c_o_m_m_a_n_d )) inherit the EERRRROORR trap. eexxttgglloobb If set, the extended pattern matching features described above under PPaatthhnnaammee EExxppaannssiioonn are enabled. eexxttqquuoottee - If set, $$'_s_t_r_i_n_g' and $$"_s_t_r_i_n_g" quoting is performed - within $${{_p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r}} expansions enclosed in double + If set, $$'_s_t_r_i_n_g' and $$"_s_t_r_i_n_g" quoting is performed + within $${{_p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r}} expansions enclosed in double quotes. This option is enabled by default. ffaaiillgglloobb - If set, patterns which fail to match filenames during + If set, patterns which fail to match filenames during pathname expansion result in an expansion error. ffoorrccee__ffiiggnnoorree - If set, the suffixes specified by the FFIIGGNNOORREE shell - variable cause words to be ignored when performing word + If set, the suffixes specified by the FFIIGGNNOORREE shell + variable cause words to be ignored when performing word completion even if the ignored words are the only possi- ble completions. See SSHHEELLLL VVAARRIIAABBLLEESS above for a - description of FFIIGGNNOORREE. This option is enabled by + description of FFIIGGNNOORREE. This option is enabled by default. gglloobbssttaarr If set, the pattern **** used in a pathname expansion con- @@ -4914,58 +4926,58 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS If set, shell error messages are written in the standard GNU error message format. hhiissttaappppeenndd - If set, the history list is appended to the file named - by the value of the HHIISSTTFFIILLEE variable when the shell + If set, the history list is appended to the file named + by the value of the HHIISSTTFFIILLEE variable when the shell exits, rather than overwriting the file. hhiissttrreeeeddiitt - If set, and rreeaaddlliinnee is being used, a user is given the + If set, and rreeaaddlliinnee is being used, a user is given the opportunity to re-edit a failed history substitution. hhiissttvveerriiffyy - If set, and rreeaaddlliinnee is being used, the results of his- - tory substitution are not immediately passed to the - shell parser. Instead, the resulting line is loaded + If set, and rreeaaddlliinnee is being used, the results of his- + tory substitution are not immediately passed to the + shell parser. Instead, the resulting line is loaded into the rreeaaddlliinnee editing buffer, allowing further modi- fication. hhoossttccoommpplleettee If set, and rreeaaddlliinnee is being used, bbaasshh will attempt to - perform hostname completion when a word containing a @@ - is being completed (see CCoommpplleettiinngg under RREEAADDLLIINNEE + perform hostname completion when a word containing a @@ + is being completed (see CCoommpplleettiinngg under RREEAADDLLIINNEE above). This is enabled by default. hhuuppoonneexxiitt If set, bbaasshh will send SSIIGGHHUUPP to all jobs when an inter- active login shell exits. iinntteerraaccttiivvee__ccoommmmeennttss If set, allow a word beginning with ## to cause that word - and all remaining characters on that line to be ignored - in an interactive shell (see CCOOMMMMEENNTTSS above). This + and all remaining characters on that line to be ignored + in an interactive shell (see CCOOMMMMEENNTTSS above). This option is enabled by default. - lliitthhiisstt If set, and the ccmmddhhiisstt option is enabled, multi-line + lliitthhiisstt If set, and the ccmmddhhiisstt option is enabled, multi-line commands are saved to the history with embedded newlines rather than using semicolon separators where possible. llooggiinn__sshheellll - The shell sets this option if it is started as a login - shell (see IINNVVOOCCAATTIIOONN above). The value may not be + The shell sets this option if it is started as a login + shell (see IINNVVOOCCAATTIIOONN above). The value may not be changed. mmaaiillwwaarrnn - If set, and a file that bbaasshh is checking for mail has - been accessed since the last time it was checked, the - message ``The mail in _m_a_i_l_f_i_l_e has been read'' is dis- + If set, and a file that bbaasshh is checking for mail has + been accessed since the last time it was checked, the + message ``The mail in _m_a_i_l_f_i_l_e has been read'' is dis- played. nnoo__eemmppttyy__ccmmdd__ccoommpplleettiioonn - If set, and rreeaaddlliinnee is being used, bbaasshh will not + If set, and rreeaaddlliinnee is being used, bbaasshh will not attempt to search the PPAATTHH for possible completions when completion is attempted on an empty line. nnooccaasseegglloobb - If set, bbaasshh matches filenames in a case-insensitive + If set, bbaasshh matches filenames in a case-insensitive fashion when performing pathname expansion (see PPaatthhnnaammee EExxppaannssiioonn above). nnooccaasseemmaattcchh - If set, bbaasshh matches patterns in a case-insensitive + If set, bbaasshh matches patterns in a case-insensitive fashion when performing matching while executing ccaassee or [[[[ conditional commands. nnuullllgglloobb - If set, bbaasshh allows patterns which match no files (see - PPaatthhnnaammee EExxppaannssiioonn above) to expand to a null string, + If set, bbaasshh allows patterns which match no files (see + PPaatthhnnaammee EExxppaannssiioonn above) to expand to a null string, rather than themselves. pprrooggccoommpp If set, the programmable completion facilities (see PPrroo-- @@ -4973,47 +4985,47 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS enabled by default. pprroommppttvvaarrss If set, prompt strings undergo parameter expansion, com- - mand substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote - removal after being expanded as described in PPRROOMMPPTTIINNGG + mand substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote + removal after being expanded as described in PPRROOMMPPTTIINNGG above. This option is enabled by default. rreessttrriicctteedd__sshheellll - The shell sets this option if it is started in + The shell sets this option if it is started in restricted mode (see RREESSTTRRIICCTTEEDD SSHHEELLLL below). The value - may not be changed. This is not reset when the startup - files are executed, allowing the startup files to dis- + may not be changed. This is not reset when the startup + files are executed, allowing the startup files to dis- cover whether or not a shell is restricted. sshhiifftt__vveerrbboossee - If set, the sshhiifftt builtin prints an error message when + If set, the sshhiifftt builtin prints an error message when the shift count exceeds the number of positional parame- ters. ssoouurrcceeppaatthh If set, the ssoouurrccee (..) builtin uses the value of PPAATTHH to - find the directory containing the file supplied as an + find the directory containing the file supplied as an argument. This option is enabled by default. xxppgg__eecchhoo - If set, the eecchhoo builtin expands backslash-escape + If set, the eecchhoo builtin expands backslash-escape sequences by default. ssuussppeenndd [--ff] - Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a SSIIGGCCOONNTT + Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a SSIIGGCCOONNTT signal. A login shell cannot be suspended; the --ff option can be used to override this and force the suspension. The return sta- - tus is 0 unless the shell is a login shell and --ff is not sup- + tus is 0 unless the shell is a login shell and --ff is not sup- plied, or if job control is not enabled. tteesstt _e_x_p_r [[ _e_x_p_r ]] - Return a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the - conditional expression _e_x_p_r. Each operator and operand must be - a separate argument. Expressions are composed of the primaries - described above under CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS. tteesstt does not + Return a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the + conditional expression _e_x_p_r. Each operator and operand must be + a separate argument. Expressions are composed of the primaries + described above under CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS. tteesstt does not accept any options, nor does it accept and ignore an argument of ---- as signifying the end of options. - Expressions may be combined using the following operators, + Expressions may be combined using the following operators, listed in decreasing order of precedence. The evaluation depends on the number of arguments; see below. !! _e_x_p_r True if _e_x_p_r is false. (( _e_x_p_r )) - Returns the value of _e_x_p_r. This may be used to override + Returns the value of _e_x_p_r. This may be used to override the normal precedence of operators. _e_x_p_r_1 -aa _e_x_p_r_2 True if both _e_x_p_r_1 and _e_x_p_r_2 are true. @@ -5030,59 +5042,59 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS null. 2 arguments If the first argument is !!, the expression is true if and - only if the second argument is null. If the first argu- - ment is one of the unary conditional operators listed - above under CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS, the expression is + only if the second argument is null. If the first argu- + ment is one of the unary conditional operators listed + above under CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS, the expression is true if the unary test is true. If the first argument is not a valid unary conditional operator, the expression is false. 3 arguments - If the second argument is one of the binary conditional + If the second argument is one of the binary conditional operators listed above under CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS, the result of the expression is the result of the binary test - using the first and third arguments as operands. The --aa - and --oo operators are considered binary operators when - there are three arguments. If the first argument is !!, - the value is the negation of the two-argument test using + using the first and third arguments as operands. The --aa + and --oo operators are considered binary operators when + there are three arguments. If the first argument is !!, + the value is the negation of the two-argument test using the second and third arguments. If the first argument is exactly (( and the third argument is exactly )), the result - is the one-argument test of the second argument. Other- + is the one-argument test of the second argument. Other- wise, the expression is false. 4 arguments If the first argument is !!, the result is the negation of - the three-argument expression composed of the remaining + the three-argument expression composed of the remaining arguments. Otherwise, the expression is parsed and eval- - uated according to precedence using the rules listed + uated according to precedence using the rules listed above. 5 or more arguments - The expression is parsed and evaluated according to + The expression is parsed and evaluated according to precedence using the rules listed above. - ttiimmeess Print the accumulated user and system times for the shell and + ttiimmeess Print the accumulated user and system times for the shell and for processes run from the shell. The return status is 0. ttrraapp [--llpp] [[_a_r_g] _s_i_g_s_p_e_c ...] - The command _a_r_g is to be read and executed when the shell - receives signal(s) _s_i_g_s_p_e_c. If _a_r_g is absent (and there is a - single _s_i_g_s_p_e_c) or --, each specified signal is reset to its - original disposition (the value it had upon entrance to the - shell). If _a_r_g is the null string the signal specified by each - _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is ignored by the shell and by the commands it invokes. - If _a_r_g is not present and --pp has been supplied, then the trap - commands associated with each _s_i_g_s_p_e_c are displayed. If no - arguments are supplied or if only --pp is given, ttrraapp prints the - list of commands associated with each signal. The --ll option - causes the shell to print a list of signal names and their cor- - responding numbers. Each _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is either a signal name - defined in <_s_i_g_n_a_l_._h>, or a signal number. Signal names are + The command _a_r_g is to be read and executed when the shell + receives signal(s) _s_i_g_s_p_e_c. If _a_r_g is absent (and there is a + single _s_i_g_s_p_e_c) or --, each specified signal is reset to its + original disposition (the value it had upon entrance to the + shell). If _a_r_g is the null string the signal specified by each + _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is ignored by the shell and by the commands it invokes. + If _a_r_g is not present and --pp has been supplied, then the trap + commands associated with each _s_i_g_s_p_e_c are displayed. If no + arguments are supplied or if only --pp is given, ttrraapp prints the + list of commands associated with each signal. The --ll option + causes the shell to print a list of signal names and their cor- + responding numbers. Each _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is either a signal name + defined in <_s_i_g_n_a_l_._h>, or a signal number. Signal names are case insensitive and the SIG prefix is optional. - If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is EEXXIITT (0) the command _a_r_g is executed on exit - from the shell. If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is DDEEBBUUGG, the command _a_r_g is exe- - cuted before every _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d, _f_o_r command, _c_a_s_e command, - _s_e_l_e_c_t command, every arithmetic _f_o_r command, and before the - first command executes in a shell function (see SSHHEELLLL GGRRAAMMMMAARR - above). Refer to the description of the eexxttddeebbuugg option to the + If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is EEXXIITT (0) the command _a_r_g is executed on exit + from the shell. If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is DDEEBBUUGG, the command _a_r_g is exe- + cuted before every _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d, _f_o_r command, _c_a_s_e command, + _s_e_l_e_c_t command, every arithmetic _f_o_r command, and before the + first command executes in a shell function (see SSHHEELLLL GGRRAAMMMMAARR + above). Refer to the description of the eexxttddeebbuugg option to the sshhoopptt builtin for details of its effect on the DDEEBBUUGG trap. If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is RREETTUURRNN, the command _a_r_g is executed each time a shell function or a script executed with the .. or ssoouurrccee builtins fin- @@ -5090,53 +5102,53 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is EERRRR, the command _a_r_g is executed whenever a sim- ple command has a non-zero exit status, subject to the following - conditions. The EERRRR trap is not executed if the failed command - is part of the command list immediately following a wwhhiillee or - uunnttiill keyword, part of the test in an _i_f statement, part of a - command executed in a &&&& or |||| list, or if the command's return - value is being inverted via !!. These are the same conditions + conditions. The EERRRR trap is not executed if the failed command + is part of the command list immediately following a wwhhiillee or + uunnttiill keyword, part of the test in an _i_f statement, part of a + command executed in a &&&& or |||| list, or if the command's return + value is being inverted via !!. These are the same conditions obeyed by the eerrrreexxiitt option. - Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or - reset. Trapped signals that are not being ignored are reset to + Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or + reset. Trapped signals that are not being ignored are reset to their original values in a subshell or subshell environment when - one is created. The return status is false if any _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is + one is created. The return status is false if any _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is invalid; otherwise ttrraapp returns true. ttyyppee [--aaffttppPP] _n_a_m_e [_n_a_m_e ...] - With no options, indicate how each _n_a_m_e would be interpreted if + With no options, indicate how each _n_a_m_e would be interpreted if used as a command name. If the --tt option is used, ttyyppee prints a - string which is one of _a_l_i_a_s, _k_e_y_w_o_r_d, _f_u_n_c_t_i_o_n, _b_u_i_l_t_i_n, or - _f_i_l_e if _n_a_m_e is an alias, shell reserved word, function, - builtin, or disk file, respectively. If the _n_a_m_e is not found, - then nothing is printed, and an exit status of false is - returned. If the --pp option is used, ttyyppee either returns the + string which is one of _a_l_i_a_s, _k_e_y_w_o_r_d, _f_u_n_c_t_i_o_n, _b_u_i_l_t_i_n, or + _f_i_l_e if _n_a_m_e is an alias, shell reserved word, function, + builtin, or disk file, respectively. If the _n_a_m_e is not found, + then nothing is printed, and an exit status of false is + returned. If the --pp option is used, ttyyppee either returns the name of the disk file that would be executed if _n_a_m_e were speci- fied as a command name, or nothing if ``type -t name'' would not - return _f_i_l_e. The --PP option forces a PPAATTHH search for each _n_a_m_e, + return _f_i_l_e. The --PP option forces a PPAATTHH search for each _n_a_m_e, even if ``type -t name'' would not return _f_i_l_e. If a command is - hashed, --pp and --PP print the hashed value, not necessarily the + hashed, --pp and --PP print the hashed value, not necessarily the file that appears first in PPAATTHH. If the --aa option is used, ttyyppee - prints all of the places that contain an executable named _n_a_m_e. - This includes aliases and functions, if and only if the --pp - option is not also used. The table of hashed commands is not - consulted when using --aa. The --ff option suppresses shell func- - tion lookup, as with the ccoommmmaanndd builtin. ttyyppee returns true if + prints all of the places that contain an executable named _n_a_m_e. + This includes aliases and functions, if and only if the --pp + option is not also used. The table of hashed commands is not + consulted when using --aa. The --ff option suppresses shell func- + tion lookup, as with the ccoommmmaanndd builtin. ttyyppee returns true if all of the arguments are found, false if any are not found. uulliimmiitt [--HHSSTTaabbccddeeffiillmmnnppqqrrssttuuvvxx [_l_i_m_i_t]] - Provides control over the resources available to the shell and - to processes started by it, on systems that allow such control. + Provides control over the resources available to the shell and + to processes started by it, on systems that allow such control. The --HH and --SS options specify that the hard or soft limit is set - for the given resource. A hard limit cannot be increased by a - non-root user once it is set; a soft limit may be increased up - to the value of the hard limit. If neither --HH nor --SS is speci- + for the given resource. A hard limit cannot be increased by a + non-root user once it is set; a soft limit may be increased up + to the value of the hard limit. If neither --HH nor --SS is speci- fied, both the soft and hard limits are set. The value of _l_i_m_i_t can be a number in the unit specified for the resource or one of the special values hhaarrdd, ssoofftt, or uunnlliimmiitteedd, which stand for the - current hard limit, the current soft limit, and no limit, - respectively. If _l_i_m_i_t is omitted, the current value of the - soft limit of the resource is printed, unless the --HH option is + current hard limit, the current soft limit, and no limit, + respectively. If _l_i_m_i_t is omitted, the current value of the + soft limit of the resource is printed, unless the --HH option is given. When more than one resource is specified, the limit name and unit are printed before the value. Other options are inter- preted as follows: @@ -5145,11 +5157,11 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS --cc The maximum size of core files created --dd The maximum size of a process's data segment --ee The maximum scheduling priority ("nice") - --ff The maximum size of files written by the shell and its + --ff The maximum size of files written by the shell and its children --ii The maximum number of pending signals --ll The maximum size that may be locked into memory - --mm The maximum resident set size (many systems do not honor + --mm The maximum resident set size (many systems do not honor this limit) --nn The maximum number of open file descriptors (most systems do not allow this value to be set) @@ -5158,65 +5170,65 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS --rr The maximum real-time scheduling priority --ss The maximum stack size --tt The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds - --uu The maximum number of processes available to a single + --uu The maximum number of processes available to a single user - --vv The maximum amount of virtual memory available to the + --vv The maximum amount of virtual memory available to the shell --xx The maximum number of file locks --TT The maximum number of threads If _l_i_m_i_t is given, it is the new value of the specified resource (the --aa option is display only). If no option is given, then --ff - is assumed. Values are in 1024-byte increments, except for --tt, - which is in seconds, --pp, which is in units of 512-byte blocks, - and --TT, --bb, --nn, and --uu, which are unscaled values. The return + is assumed. Values are in 1024-byte increments, except for --tt, + which is in seconds, --pp, which is in units of 512-byte blocks, + and --TT, --bb, --nn, and --uu, which are unscaled values. The return status is 0 unless an invalid option or argument is supplied, or an error occurs while setting a new limit. uummaasskk [--pp] [--SS] [_m_o_d_e] The user file-creation mask is set to _m_o_d_e. If _m_o_d_e begins with - a digit, it is interpreted as an octal number; otherwise it is - interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that accepted by - _c_h_m_o_d(1). If _m_o_d_e is omitted, the current value of the mask is - printed. The --SS option causes the mask to be printed in sym- - bolic form; the default output is an octal number. If the --pp + a digit, it is interpreted as an octal number; otherwise it is + interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that accepted by + _c_h_m_o_d(1). If _m_o_d_e is omitted, the current value of the mask is + printed. The --SS option causes the mask to be printed in sym- + bolic form; the default output is an octal number. If the --pp option is supplied, and _m_o_d_e is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input. The return status is 0 if the mode - was successfully changed or if no _m_o_d_e argument was supplied, + was successfully changed or if no _m_o_d_e argument was supplied, and false otherwise. uunnaalliiaass [-aa] [_n_a_m_e ...] - Remove each _n_a_m_e from the list of defined aliases. If --aa is - supplied, all alias definitions are removed. The return value + Remove each _n_a_m_e from the list of defined aliases. If --aa is + supplied, all alias definitions are removed. The return value is true unless a supplied _n_a_m_e is not a defined alias. uunnsseett [-ffvv] [_n_a_m_e ...] - For each _n_a_m_e, remove the corresponding variable or function. + For each _n_a_m_e, remove the corresponding variable or function. If no options are supplied, or the --vv option is given, each _n_a_m_e - refers to a shell variable. Read-only variables may not be - unset. If --ff is specified, each _n_a_m_e refers to a shell func- - tion, and the function definition is removed. Each unset vari- - able or function is removed from the environment passed to sub- - sequent commands. If any of RRAANNDDOOMM, SSEECCOONNDDSS, LLIINNEENNOO, HHIISSTTCCMMDD, + refers to a shell variable. Read-only variables may not be + unset. If --ff is specified, each _n_a_m_e refers to a shell func- + tion, and the function definition is removed. Each unset vari- + able or function is removed from the environment passed to sub- + sequent commands. If any of RRAANNDDOOMM, SSEECCOONNDDSS, LLIINNEENNOO, HHIISSTTCCMMDD, FFUUNNCCNNAAMMEE, GGRROOUUPPSS, or DDIIRRSSTTAACCKK are unset, they lose their special - properties, even if they are subsequently reset. The exit sta- + properties, even if they are subsequently reset. The exit sta- tus is true unless a _n_a_m_e is readonly. wwaaiitt [_n _._._.] - Wait for each specified process and return its termination sta- - tus. Each _n may be a process ID or a job specification; if a - job spec is given, all processes in that job's pipeline are - waited for. If _n is not given, all currently active child pro- - cesses are waited for, and the return status is zero. If _n - specifies a non-existent process or job, the return status is - 127. Otherwise, the return status is the exit status of the + Wait for each specified process and return its termination sta- + tus. Each _n may be a process ID or a job specification; if a + job spec is given, all processes in that job's pipeline are + waited for. If _n is not given, all currently active child pro- + cesses are waited for, and the return status is zero. If _n + specifies a non-existent process or job, the return status is + 127. Otherwise, the return status is the exit status of the last process or job waited for. RREESSTTRRIICCTTEEDD SSHHEELLLL If bbaasshh is started with the name rrbbaasshh, or the --rr option is supplied at - invocation, the shell becomes restricted. A restricted shell is used - to set up an environment more controlled than the standard shell. It - behaves identically to bbaasshh with the exception that the following are + invocation, the shell becomes restricted. A restricted shell is used + to set up an environment more controlled than the standard shell. It + behaves identically to bbaasshh with the exception that the following are disallowed or not performed: +o changing directories with ccdd @@ -5225,16 +5237,16 @@ RREESSTTRRIICCTTEEDD SSHHEELLLL +o specifying command names containing // - +o specifying a file name containing a // as an argument to the .. + +o specifying a file name containing a // as an argument to the .. builtin command - +o Specifying a filename containing a slash as an argument to the + +o Specifying a filename containing a slash as an argument to the --pp option to the hhaasshh builtin command - +o importing function definitions from the shell environment at + +o importing function definitions from the shell environment at startup - +o parsing the value of SSHHEELLLLOOPPTTSS from the shell environment at + +o parsing the value of SSHHEELLLLOOPPTTSS from the shell environment at startup +o redirecting output using the >, >|, <>, >&, &>, and >> redirect- @@ -5243,10 +5255,10 @@ RREESSTTRRIICCTTEEDD SSHHEELLLL +o using the eexxeecc builtin command to replace the shell with another command - +o adding or deleting builtin commands with the --ff and --dd options + +o adding or deleting builtin commands with the --ff and --dd options to the eennaabbllee builtin command - +o Using the eennaabbllee builtin command to enable disabled shell + +o Using the eennaabbllee builtin command to enable disabled shell builtins +o specifying the --pp option to the ccoommmmaanndd builtin command @@ -5256,14 +5268,14 @@ RREESSTTRRIICCTTEEDD SSHHEELLLL These restrictions are enforced after any startup files are read. When a command that is found to be a shell script is executed (see CCOOMM-- - MMAANNDD EEXXEECCUUTTIIOONN above), rrbbaasshh turns off any restrictions in the shell + MMAANNDD EEXXEECCUUTTIIOONN above), rrbbaasshh turns off any restrictions in the shell spawned to execute the script. SSEEEE AALLSSOO _B_a_s_h _R_e_f_e_r_e_n_c_e _M_a_n_u_a_l, Brian Fox and Chet Ramey _T_h_e _G_n_u _R_e_a_d_l_i_n_e _L_i_b_r_a_r_y, Brian Fox and Chet Ramey _T_h_e _G_n_u _H_i_s_t_o_r_y _L_i_b_r_a_r_y, Brian Fox and Chet Ramey - _P_o_r_t_a_b_l_e _O_p_e_r_a_t_i_n_g _S_y_s_t_e_m _I_n_t_e_r_f_a_c_e _(_P_O_S_I_X_) _P_a_r_t _2_: _S_h_e_l_l _a_n_d _U_t_i_l_i_- + _P_o_r_t_a_b_l_e _O_p_e_r_a_t_i_n_g _S_y_s_t_e_m _I_n_t_e_r_f_a_c_e _(_P_O_S_I_X_) _P_a_r_t _2_: _S_h_e_l_l _a_n_d _U_t_i_l_i_- _t_i_e_s, IEEE _s_h(1), _k_s_h(1), _c_s_h(1) _e_m_a_c_s(1), _v_i(1) @@ -5279,7 +5291,7 @@ FFIILLEESS _~_/_._b_a_s_h_r_c The individual per-interactive-shell startup file _~_/_._b_a_s_h___l_o_g_o_u_t - The individual login shell cleanup file, executed when a login + The individual login shell cleanup file, executed when a login shell exits _~_/_._i_n_p_u_t_r_c Individual _r_e_a_d_l_i_n_e initialization file @@ -5293,14 +5305,14 @@ AAUUTTHHOORRSS BBUUGG RREEPPOORRTTSS If you find a bug in bbaasshh,, you should report it. But first, you should - make sure that it really is a bug, and that it appears in the latest - version of bbaasshh. The latest version is always available from + make sure that it really is a bug, and that it appears in the latest + version of bbaasshh. The latest version is always available from _f_t_p_:_/_/_f_t_p_._g_n_u_._o_r_g_/_p_u_b_/_b_a_s_h_/. - Once you have determined that a bug actually exists, use the _b_a_s_h_b_u_g - command to submit a bug report. If you have a fix, you are encouraged - to mail that as well! Suggestions and `philosophical' bug reports may - be mailed to _b_u_g_-_b_a_s_h_@_g_n_u_._o_r_g or posted to the Usenet newsgroup + Once you have determined that a bug actually exists, use the _b_a_s_h_b_u_g + command to submit a bug report. If you have a fix, you are encouraged + to mail that as well! Suggestions and `philosophical' bug reports may + be mailed to _b_u_g_-_b_a_s_h_@_g_n_u_._o_r_g or posted to the Usenet newsgroup ggnnuu..bbaasshh..bbuugg. ALL bug reports should include: @@ -5311,7 +5323,7 @@ BBUUGG RREEPPOORRTTSS A description of the bug behaviour A short script or `recipe' which exercises the bug - _b_a_s_h_b_u_g inserts the first three items automatically into the template + _b_a_s_h_b_u_g inserts the first three items automatically into the template it provides for filing a bug report. Comments and bug reports concerning this manual page should be directed @@ -5328,10 +5340,10 @@ BBUUGGSS Shell builtin commands and functions are not stoppable/restartable. Compound commands and command sequences of the form `a ; b ; c' are not - handled gracefully when process suspension is attempted. When a - process is stopped, the shell immediately executes the next command in - the sequence. It suffices to place the sequence of commands between - parentheses to force it into a subshell, which may be stopped as a + handled gracefully when process suspension is attempted. When a + process is stopped, the shell immediately executes the next command in + the sequence. It suffices to place the sequence of commands between + parentheses to force it into a subshell, which may be stopped as a unit. Array variables may not (yet) be exported. @@ -5340,4 +5352,4 @@ BBUUGGSS -GNU Bash-4.1 2009 October 16 BASH(1) +GNU Bash-4.1 2009 December 23 BASH(1) diff --git a/doc/bash.1 b/doc/bash.1 index f420b7af1..3d798cceb 100644 --- a/doc/bash.1 +++ b/doc/bash.1 @@ -5,12 +5,12 @@ .\" Case Western Reserve University .\" chet@po.cwru.edu .\" -.\" Last Change: Fri Oct 16 12:24:25 EDT 2009 +.\" Last Change: Wed Dec 23 16:29:14 EST 2009 .\" .\" bash_builtins, strip all but Built-Ins section .if \n(zZ=1 .ig zZ .if \n(zY=1 .ig zY -.TH BASH 1 "2009 October 16" "GNU Bash-4.1" +.TH BASH 1 "2009 December 23" "GNU Bash-4.1" .\" .\" There's some problem with having a `@' .\" in a tagged paragraph with the BSD man macros. @@ -1057,6 +1057,8 @@ alert (bell) backspace .TP .B \ee +.TP +.B \eE an escape character .TP .B \ef @@ -1079,6 +1081,9 @@ backslash .TP .B \e\(aq single quote +.TP +.B \e\(dq +double quote .TP .B \e\fInnn\fP the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value \fInnn\fP @@ -3927,8 +3932,12 @@ True if the length of is non-zero. .TP \fIstring1\fP \fB==\fP \fIstring2\fP -True if the strings are equal. \fB=\fP may be used in place of -\fB==\fP for strict POSIX compliance. +.PD 0 +.TP +\fIstring1\fP \fB=\fP \fIstring2\fP +.PD +True if the strings are equal. \fB=\fP should be used +with the \fBtest\fP command for POSIX conformance. .TP \fIstring1\fP \fB!=\fP \fIstring2\fP True if the strings are not equal. @@ -8057,7 +8066,10 @@ than \fInchars\fP characters are read before the delimiter. .B \-N \fInchars\fP \fBread\fP returns after reading exactly \fInchars\fP characters rather than waiting for a complete line of input, unless EOF is encountered or -\fBread\fP times out. Any delimiter is ignored. +\fBread\fP times out. +Delimiter characters encountered in the input are +not treated specially and do not cause \fBread\fP to return until +\fInchars\fP characters are read. .TP .B \-p \fIprompt\fP Display \fIprompt\fP on standard error, without a @@ -8267,6 +8279,10 @@ with the option. This also affects the editing interface used for \fBread \-e\fP. .TP 8 +.B errexit +Same as +.BR \-e . +.TP 8 .B errtrace Same as .BR \-E . @@ -8275,10 +8291,6 @@ Same as Same as .BR \-T . .TP 8 -.B errexit -Same as -.BR \-e . -.TP 8 .B hashall Same as .BR \-h . diff --git a/doc/bash.1~ b/doc/bash.1~ index bb21ce662..7441e0421 100644 --- a/doc/bash.1~ +++ b/doc/bash.1~ @@ -5,12 +5,12 @@ .\" Case Western Reserve University .\" chet@po.cwru.edu .\" -.\" Last Change: Fri Oct 9 12:07:53 EDT 2009 +.\" Last Change: Wed Dec 23 16:29:14 EST 2009 .\" .\" bash_builtins, strip all but Built-Ins section .if \n(zZ=1 .ig zZ .if \n(zY=1 .ig zY -.TH BASH 1 "2009 October 9" "GNU Bash-4.1" +.TH BASH 1 "2009 December 23" "GNU Bash-4.1" .\" .\" There's some problem with having a `@' .\" in a tagged paragraph with the BSD man macros. @@ -1057,6 +1057,8 @@ alert (bell) backspace .TP .B \ee +.TP +.B \eE an escape character .TP .B \ef @@ -1079,6 +1081,9 @@ backslash .TP .B \e\(aq single quote +.TP +.B \e\(dq +double quote .TP .B \e\fInnn\fP the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value \fInnn\fP @@ -3820,6 +3825,10 @@ descriptor 0, 1, or 2, respectively, is checked. .PP Unless otherwise specified, primaries that operate on files follow symbolic links and operate on the target of the link, rather than the link itself. +.if t .sp 0.5 +.if n .sp 1 +When used with \fB[[\fP, The \fB<\fP and \fB>\fP operators sort +lexicographically using the current locale. .sp 1 .PD 0 .TP @@ -3923,8 +3932,12 @@ True if the length of is non-zero. .TP \fIstring1\fP \fB==\fP \fIstring2\fP -True if the strings are equal. \fB=\fP may be used in place of -\fB==\fP for strict POSIX compliance. +.PD 0 +.TP +\fIstring1\fP \fB=\fP \fIstring2\fP +.PD +True if the strings are equal. \fB=\fP should be used +with the \fBtest\fP command for POSIX conformance. .TP \fIstring1\fP \fB!=\fP \fIstring2\fP True if the strings are not equal. @@ -7787,7 +7800,7 @@ Exit a login shell. .TP \fBreadarray\fP [\fB\-n\fP \fIcount\fP] [\fB\-O\fP \fIorigin\fP] [\fB\-s\fP \fIcount\fP] [\fB\-t\fP] [\fB\-u\fP \fIfd\fP] [\fB\-C\fP \fIcallback\fP] [\fB\-c\fP \fIquantum\fP] [\fIarray\fP] .PD -Read lines from the standard input into array variable +Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable .IR array , or from file descriptor .IR fd @@ -7845,7 +7858,8 @@ If not supplied with an explicit origin, \fBmapfile\fP will clear \fIarray\fP before assigning to it. .PP \fBmapfile\fP returns successfully unless an invalid option or option -argument is supplied, or \fIarray\fP is invalid or unassignable. +argument is supplied, \fIarray\fP is invalid or unassignable, or if +\fIarray\fP is not an indexed array. .RE .TP \fBpopd\fP [\-\fBn\fP] [+\fIn\fP] [\-\fIn\fP] @@ -8052,7 +8066,10 @@ than \fInchars\fP characters are read before the delimiter. .B \-N \fInchars\fP \fBread\fP returns after reading exactly \fInchars\fP characters rather than waiting for a complete line of input, unless EOF is encountered or -\fBread\fP times out. Any delimiter is ignored. +\fBread\fP times out. +Delimiter characters encountered in the input are +not treated specially and do not cause \fBread\fP to return until +\fInchars\fP characters are read. .TP .B \-p \fIprompt\fP Display \fIprompt\fP on standard error, without a @@ -8630,6 +8647,19 @@ If set, changes its behavior to that of version 3.1 with respect to quoted arguments to the conditional command's =~ operator. .TP 8 +.B compat32 +If set, +.B bash +changes its behavior to that of version 3.2 with respect to locale-specific +string comparison when using the conditional command's < and > operators. +.TP 8 +.B compat40 +If set, +.B bash +changes its behavior to that of version 4.0 with respect to locale-specific +string comparison when using the conditional command's < and > operators +and the effect of interrupting a command list. +.TP 8 .B dirspell If set, .B bash diff --git a/doc/bash.html b/doc/bash.html index 9e98dec9e..29d22a49f 100644 --- a/doc/bash.html +++ b/doc/bash.html @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ -
BASH(1)2009 October 16BASH(1) +BASH(1)2009 December 23BASH(1)

Index @@ -5066,8 +5066,11 @@ True if the length of is non-zero.
string1 == string2
-True if the strings are equal. = may be used in place of -== for strict POSIX compliance. + +
string1 = string2
+ +True if the strings are equal. = should be used +with the test command for POSIX conformance.
string1 != string2
True if the strings are not equal.
string1 < string2
@@ -10308,7 +10311,10 @@ than nchars characters are read before the delimiter.
read returns after reading exactly nchars characters rather than waiting for a complete line of input, unless EOF is encountered or -read times out. Any delimiter is ignored. +read times out. +Delimiter characters encountered in the input are +not treated specially and do not cause read to return until +nchars characters are read.
-p prompt
@@ -11060,6 +11066,23 @@ If set, changes its behavior to that of version 3.1 with respect to quoted arguments to the conditional command's =~ operator. +
compat32 + +
+If set, +bash + +changes its behavior to that of version 3.2 with respect to locale-specific +string comparison when using the conditional command's < and > operators. +
compat40 + +
+If set, +bash + +changes its behavior to that of version 4.0 with respect to locale-specific +string comparison when using the conditional command's < and > operators +and the effect of interrupting a command list.
dirspell
@@ -12261,7 +12284,7 @@ There may be only one active coprocess at a time.
-
GNU Bash-4.12009 October 16BASH(1) +GNU Bash-4.12009 December 23BASH(1)
@@ -12367,6 +12390,6 @@ There may be only one active coprocess at a time.
This document was created by man2html from bash.1.
-Time: 09 November 2009 14:08:09 EST +Time: 23 December 2009 16:47:15 EST diff --git a/doc/bash.pdf b/doc/bash.pdf index 09b02c8e9..5c375b3e4 100644 Binary files a/doc/bash.pdf and b/doc/bash.pdf differ diff --git a/doc/bash.ps b/doc/bash.ps index 860a31af5..0390eece7 100644 --- a/doc/bash.ps +++ b/doc/bash.ps @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ %!PS-Adobe-3.0 %%Creator: groff version 1.19.2 -%%CreationDate: Thu Dec 17 10:19:41 2009 +%%CreationDate: Wed Dec 23 16:47:11 2009 %%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Roman %%+ font Times-Bold %%+ font Times-Italic @@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ E F2(po)2.5 E F0(\(portable object\) \214le format.)2.5 E F2 144 686.4 Q .3 -.15(ve \()-.25 H(see).15 E F4(INV)2.5 E(OCA)-.405 E (TION)-.855 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F2(\255\255login)108 703.2 Q F0 (Equi)144 715.2 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F22.5 E F0(.)A -(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(1)195.395 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(1)190.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 2 2 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -453,7 +453,7 @@ F(ariable)-.25 E F3 -.27(BA)108 679.2 S(SH_ENV).27 E F0 1.01(in the en) 108 727.2 S 2.5(tt).2 G(he v)-2.5 E(alue of the)-.25 E F3 -.666(PA)2.5 G (TH)-.189 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G (riable is not used to search for the \214le name.).25 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 -768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(2)195.395 E 0 Cg EP +768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(2)190.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 3 3 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -581,7 +581,7 @@ F1(Pipelines)87 691.2 Q F0(A)108 703.2 Q F2(pipeline)2.996 E F0 .496(is\ a sequence of one or more commands separated by one of the control ope\ rators)2.996 F F1(|)2.996 E F0(or)2.996 E F1(|&)2.996 E F0 5.496(.T)C (he)-5.496 E(format for a pipeline is:)108 715.2 Q(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q -(2009 October 16)140.405 E(3)195.395 E 0 Cg EP +(2009 December 23)135.965 E(3)190.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 4 4 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -701,7 +701,7 @@ E(\(\()108 703.2 Q F2 -.2(ex)C(pr).2 E(ession)-.37 E F0(\)\))A(The)144 (A-)-.54 E(TION)144 727.2 Q/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .411(If the v) 4.911 F .411(alue of the e)-.25 F .411(xpression is non-zero, the retur\ n status is 0; otherwise the return status)-.15 F(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q -(2009 October 16)140.405 E(4)195.395 E 0 Cg EP +(2009 December 23)135.965 E(4)190.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 5 5 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -837,7 +837,7 @@ F2(list)3.092 E F0 .592(is e)3.092 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .592 (alue is the e)-.25 F .227(xit status of the last command in)-.15 F F2 (list)2.728 E F0 .228(that is e)2.728 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .228(cuted, or f) .15 F .228(alse if an)-.1 F 2.728(yo)-.15 G 2.728(ft)-2.728 G(he)-2.728 -E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(5)195.395 E 0 Cg EP +E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(5)190.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 6 6 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -987,7 +987,7 @@ F .511(xt of the e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .511(cuting shell.).15 F .511 (and redirections using standard w)108 722.4 R 1.982(ord e)-.1 F 4.481 (xpansions. The)-.15 F 1.981(process id of the shell spa)4.481 F 1.981 (wned to e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.981(cute the).15 F(GNU Bash-4.1)72 -768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(6)195.395 E 0 Cg EP +768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(6)190.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 7 7 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -1115,8 +1115,8 @@ F0(and)2.5 E F2(@)2.5 E F0(ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H .212(ith backslash-escaped char)-2.712 F(-)-.2 E .605 (acters replaced as speci\214ed by the ANSI C standard.)108 698.4 R .604 (Backslash escape sequences, if present, are decoded)5.605 F(as follo) -108 710.4 Q(ws:)-.25 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E -(7)195.395 E 0 Cg EP +108 710.4 Q(ws:)-.25 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E +(7)190.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 8 8 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -1230,7 +1230,7 @@ F4(FUNCTIONS)2.834 E F0(belo)2.584 E(w\).)-.25 E 1.404(When a positiona\ l parameter consisting of more than a single digit is e)108 684 R 1.403 (xpanded, it must be enclosed in)-.15 F(braces \(see)108 696 Q F4(EXP) 2.5 E(ANSION)-.666 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q -(2009 October 16)140.405 E(8)195.395 E 0 Cg EP +(2009 December 23)135.965 E(8)190.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 9 9 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -1354,7 +1354,7 @@ n or script)5.535 F -.15(exe)144 681.6 S .141(cuted with).15 F F1(.) (only when in)4.024 F -.15(ex)144 705.6 S(tended deb).15 E (ugging mode \(see the description of the)-.2 E F1(extdeb)2.5 E(ug)-.2 E F0(option to the)2.5 E F1(shopt)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin belo).2 E -(w\))-.25 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(9)195.395 E +(w\))-.25 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(9)190.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 10 10 %%BeginPageSetup @@ -1453,7 +1453,7 @@ E F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(COMP_KEY)108 668.4 Q F0(The k)144 680.4 Q 2.848(mands in)144 721.2 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 5.349(db).1 G 5.349 (yt)-5.349 G 2.849(he programmable completion f)-5.349 F 2.849 (acilities \(see)-.1 F F1(Pr)5.349 E 2.849(ogrammable Completion)-.18 F -F0(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(10)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +F0(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(10)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 11 11 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -1562,7 +1562,7 @@ E .597(ments to)144 590.4 R F3(GR)3.097 E(OUPS)-.27 E F0(ha)2.847 E .897 ly describes the type of machine on which)144 700.8 R F1(bash)2.722 E F0 .222(is e)2.722 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cut-).15 E 2.5(ing. The)144 712.8 R (def)2.5 E(ault is system-dependent.)-.1 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q -(2009 October 16)140.405 E(11)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +(2009 December 23)135.965 E(11)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 12 12 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -1648,8 +1648,8 @@ E(.)-.65 E .994(The follo)108 684 R .994(wing v)-.25 F .994 (ariables are used by the shell.)-.25 F .994(In some cases,)5.994 F F1 (bash)3.494 E F0 .994(assigns a def)3.494 F .994(ault v)-.1 F .993 (alue to a v)-.25 F(ariable;)-.25 E(these cases are noted belo)108 696 Q --.65(w.)-.25 G(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(12) -190.395 E 0 Cg EP +-.65(w.)-.25 G(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(12) +185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 13 13 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -1764,8 +1764,8 @@ A F1(HISTFILE)108 624 Q F0 .181 -.1 F .602(alue is 500.)-.25 F .602 (The history \214le is also truncated to this size)5.602 F (after writing it when an interacti)144 708 Q .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H -(hell e).15 E(xits.)-.15 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 -E(13)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +(hell e).15 E(xits.)-.15 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23) +135.965 E(13)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 14 14 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -1871,7 +1871,7 @@ ble-quoted strings preceded by a)-.25 E F1($)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(LC_NUMERIC) (Used by the)5.99 F F1(select)3.719 E F0 -.2(bu)3.719 G 1.218(iltin com\ mand to determine the column length for printing selection lists.).2 F (Automatically set upon receipt of a SIGWINCH.)144 720 Q(GNU Bash-4.1)72 -768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(14)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(14)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 15 15 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -1984,7 +1984,7 @@ G(ogin shell.)-2.5 E F1(TIMEFORMA)108 636 Q(T)-.95 E F0 .827(The v)144 (ws; the braces denote optional portions.)-.25 E F1(%%)144 702 Q F0 2.5 (Al)30 G(iteral)-2.5 E F1(%)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(%[)144 714 Q F4(p)A F1 (][l]R)A F0(The elapsed time in seconds.)11.68 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q -(2009 October 16)140.405 E(15)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +(2009 December 23)135.965 E(15)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 16 16 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -2106,7 +2106,7 @@ E F2(subscript)3.522 E F0 .682(is treated as an arithmetic e)3.862 F G 3.249(da).15 G(rray)-3.249 E 3.249(,u)-.65 G(se)-3.249 E F1(declar) 3.249 E 3.249<65ad>-.18 G(a)-3.249 E F2(name)3.249 E F0(\(see)3.25 E F3 .75(SHELL B)3.25 F(UIL)-.09 E(TIN)-.828 E F0(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q -(2009 October 16)140.405 E(16)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +(2009 December 23)135.965 E(16)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 17 17 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -2244,8 +2244,8 @@ F(xpres-)-.15 E .563(sion between a pair of braces, follo)108 703.2 R .563(he preamble is pre\214x)-5.563 F .563(ed to each string)-.15 F .659 (contained within the braces, and the postscript is then appended to ea\ ch resulting string, e)108 715.2 R .658(xpanding left to)-.15 F(right.) -108 727.2 Q(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(17)190.395 E -0 Cg EP +108 727.2 Q(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(17)185.955 +E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 18 18 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -2381,7 +2381,7 @@ F1($)A F0 4.105('c)C 1.605(haracter introduces parameter e)-4.105 F (tect the v)108 724.8 R .032(ariable to be e)-.25 F .032 (xpanded from characters immediately follo)-.15 F .033 (wing it which could be interpreted as part)-.25 F(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q -(2009 October 16)140.405 E(18)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +(2009 December 23)135.965 E(18)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 19 19 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -2511,7 +2511,7 @@ F0 3.783(]}. A)B(ne)3.783 E -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G F2 (is used and the e)2.757 F .257(xpansion appears)-.15 F (within double quotes, each v)144 729.6 Q(ariable name e)-.25 E (xpands to a separate w)-.15 E(ord.)-.1 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q -(2009 October 16)140.405 E(19)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +(2009 December 23)135.965 E(19)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 20 20 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -2653,7 +2653,7 @@ r in turn, and the e)144 684 R 1.335(xpansion is the)-.15 F 1.308 (he case modi\214cation)-3.808 F (operation is applied to each member of the array in turn, and the e)144 708 Q(xpansion is the resultant list.)-.15 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q -(2009 October 16)140.405 E(20)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +(2009 December 23)135.965 E(20)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 21 21 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -2771,7 +2771,7 @@ F0(is null, no w)2.25 E(ord splitting occurs.)-.1 E 1.878 (or)3.545 E F1 .833<0808>5.211 G F0 4.378(\)a)C 1.878(re retained.) -4.378 F 1.878(Unquoted implicit null ar)6.878 F 1.879 (guments, resulting from the)-.18 F(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q -(2009 October 16)140.405 E(21)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +(2009 December 23)135.965 E(21)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 22 22 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -2907,8 +2907,8 @@ e collation weight \(as de\214ned by the current locale\) as the charac\ ter)144 705.6 Q F2(c)2.5 E F0(.)A -.4(Wi)144 723.6 S(thin).4 E F1([)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F1(])2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(he syntax)-2.5 E F1([.)2.5 E F2 (symbol)A F1(.])A F0(matches the collating symbol)2.5 E F2(symbol)2.5 E -F0(.)A(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(22)190.395 E 0 Cg -EP +F0(.)A(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(22)185.955 E 0 +Cg EP %%Page: 23 23 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -2998,7 +2998,7 @@ E F1(/de)144 657.6 Q(v/stdin)-.15 E F0(File descriptor 0 is duplicated.) 180 669.6 Q F1(/de)144 681.6 Q(v/stdout)-.15 E F0 (File descriptor 1 is duplicated.)180 693.6 Q F1(/de)144 705.6 Q (v/stderr)-.15 E F0(File descriptor 2 is duplicated.)180 717.6 Q -(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(23)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(23)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 24 24 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -3087,7 +3087,7 @@ e descriptor 1\) and the standard error output \(\214le descrip-)-.25 F (The format for appending standard output and standard error is:)108 688.8 Q F1(&>>)144 705.6 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 (This is semantically equi)108 722.4 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E -(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(24)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(24)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 25 25 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -3173,8 +3173,8 @@ E F0(is closed after being duplicated to)2.5 E F2(n)2.5 E F0(.)A .286(is not speci-)2.786 F(\214ed.)108 672 Q F1 (Opening File Descriptors f)87 688.8 Q(or Reading and Writing)-.25 E F0 (The redirection operator)108 700.8 Q([)144 717.6 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<>) -A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E -(25)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E +(25)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 26 26 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -3323,7 +3323,7 @@ F0(or)3.859 E F3(typeset)3.859 E F0 -.2(bu)3.859 G 1.359(iltin com-).2 F 3.39(mands. The)108 724.8 R F33.39 E F0 .89(option to)3.39 F F3 (declar)3.39 E(e)-.18 E F0(or)3.39 E F3(typeset)3.39 E F0 .89 (will list the function names only \(and optionally the source)3.39 F -(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(26)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(26)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 27 27 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -3420,7 +3420,7 @@ etters may be used interchangeably to represent num-)-.25 F (xpressions in parentheses are e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .234 (luated \214rst and may).25 F -.15(ove)108 712.8 S (rride the precedence rules abo).15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E -(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(27)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(27)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 28 28 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -3515,828 +3515,826 @@ F 1.144(See the list of options under the description of the)6.143 F F2 (is zero.)2.5 E F3(string)108 598.8 Q F2108 610.8 Q F3(string)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 622.8 S(ue if the length of).35 E F3(string)2.84 E F0 (is non-zero.)2.72 E F3(string1)108 639.6 Q F2(==)2.5 E F3(string2)2.5 E -F0 -.35(Tr)144 651.6 S(ue if the strings are equal.).35 E F2(=)5 E F0 -(may be used in place of)2.5 E F2(==)2.5 E F0 -(for strict POSIX compliance.)2.5 E F3(string1)108 668.4 Q F2(!=)2.5 E -F3(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 680.4 S -(ue if the strings are not equal.).35 E F3(string1)108 697.2 Q F2(<)2.5 -E F3(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 709.2 S(ue if).35 E F3(string1)2.5 E -F0(sorts before)2.5 E F3(string2)2.5 E F0(le)2.5 E(xicographically)-.15 -E(.)-.65 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(28)190.395 E -0 Cg EP +(string1)108 651.6 Q F2(=)2.5 E F3(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 663.6 S +(ue if the strings are equal.).35 E F2(=)5 E F0(should be used with the) +2.5 E F2(test)2.5 E F0(command for POSIX conformance.)2.5 E F3(string1) +108 680.4 Q F2(!=)2.5 E F3(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 692.4 S +(ue if the strings are not equal.).35 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q +(2009 December 23)135.965 E(28)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 29 29 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(string1)108 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(>) +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(string1)108 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(<) 2.5 E F1(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 96 S(ue if).35 E F1(string1)2.5 E -F0(sorts after)2.5 E F1(string2)2.5 E F0(le)2.5 E(xicographically)-.15 E -(.)-.65 E F1(ar)108.33 112.8 Q(g1)-.37 E F2(OP)2.5 E F1(ar)2.5 E(g2)-.37 -E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(OP)144 124.8 Q F0 .385(is one of)2.635 F F2 -(\255eq)2.885 E F0(,)A F2(\255ne)2.885 E F0(,)A F2(\255lt)2.885 E F0(,)A -F2(\255le)2.885 E F0(,)A F2(\255gt)2.885 E F0 2.885(,o)C(r)-2.885 E F2 -(\255ge)2.885 E F0 5.385(.T)C .385 -(hese arithmetic binary operators return true if)-5.385 F F1(ar)2.884 E -(g1)-.37 E F0 .845(is equal to, not equal to, less than, less than or e\ -qual to, greater than, or greater than or equal to)144 136.8 R F1(ar)144 -148.8 Q(g2)-.37 E F0 2.5(,r)C(especti)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E(.) --.65 E F1(Ar)6.01 E(g1)-.37 E F0(and)2.5 E F1(ar)2.83 E(g2)-.37 E F0 -(may be positi)2.52 E .3 -.15(ve o)-.25 H 2.5(rn).15 G -2.25 -.15(eg a) --2.5 H(ti).15 E .3 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(nte).15 E(gers.)-.15 E/F4 10.95 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIMPLE COMMAND EXP)72 165.6 Q(ANSION)-.81 E F0 .614 -(When a simple command is e)108 177.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .614 +F0(sorts before)2.5 E F1(string2)2.5 E F0(le)2.5 E(xicographically)-.15 +E(.)-.65 E F1(string1)108 112.8 Q F2(>)2.5 E F1(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35 +(Tr)144 124.8 S(ue if).35 E F1(string1)2.5 E F0(sorts after)2.5 E F1 +(string2)2.5 E F0(le)2.5 E(xicographically)-.15 E(.)-.65 E F1(ar)108.33 +141.6 Q(g1)-.37 E F2(OP)2.5 E F1(ar)2.5 E(g2)-.37 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF +(OP)144 153.6 Q F0 .385(is one of)2.635 F F2(\255eq)2.885 E F0(,)A F2 +(\255ne)2.885 E F0(,)A F2(\255lt)2.885 E F0(,)A F2(\255le)2.885 E F0(,)A +F2(\255gt)2.885 E F0 2.885(,o)C(r)-2.885 E F2(\255ge)2.885 E F0 5.385 +(.T)C .385(hese arithmetic binary operators return true if)-5.385 F F1 +(ar)2.884 E(g1)-.37 E F0 .845(is equal to, not equal to, less than, les\ +s than or equal to, greater than, or greater than or equal to)144 165.6 +R F1(ar)144 177.6 Q(g2)-.37 E F0 2.5(,r)C(especti)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G +(ly).15 E(.)-.65 E F1(Ar)6.01 E(g1)-.37 E F0(and)2.5 E F1(ar)2.83 E(g2) +-.37 E F0(may be positi)2.52 E .3 -.15(ve o)-.25 H 2.5(rn).15 G -2.25 +-.15(eg a)-2.5 H(ti).15 E .3 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(nte).15 E(gers.)-.15 E/F4 +10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIMPLE COMMAND EXP)72 194.4 Q(ANSION)-.81 E F0 +.614(When a simple command is e)108 206.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .614 (cuted, the shell performs the follo).15 F .613(wing e)-.25 F .613 (xpansions, assignments, and redi-)-.15 F(rections, from left to right.) -108 189.6 Q 26(1. The)108 206.4 R -.1(wo)4.348 G 1.848 +108 218.4 Q 26(1. The)108 235.2 R -.1(wo)4.348 G 1.848 (rds that the parser has mark).1 F 1.848(ed as v)-.1 F 1.849 (ariable assignments \(those preceding the command)-.25 F -(name\) and redirections are sa)144 218.4 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(df).15 G -(or later processing.)-2.5 E 26(2. The)108 235.2 R -.1(wo)3.664 G 1.164 +(name\) and redirections are sa)144 247.2 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(df).15 G +(or later processing.)-2.5 E 26(2. The)108 264 R -.1(wo)3.664 G 1.164 (rds that are not v).1 F 1.164 (ariable assignments or redirections are e)-.25 F 3.663(xpanded. If)-.15 F(an)3.663 E 3.663(yw)-.15 G 1.163(ords remain)-3.763 F .775(after e)144 -247.2 R .775(xpansion, the \214rst w)-.15 F .775(ord is tak)-.1 F .775 +276 R .775(xpansion, the \214rst w)-.15 F .775(ord is tak)-.1 F .775 (en to be the name of the command and the remaining w)-.1 F(ords)-.1 E -(are the ar)144 259.2 Q(guments.)-.18 E 26(3. Redirections)108 276 R +(are the ar)144 288 Q(guments.)-.18 E 26(3. Redirections)108 304.8 R (are performed as described abo)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F3 -(REDIRECTION)2.5 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 26(4. The)108 292.8 R +(REDIRECTION)2.5 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 26(4. The)108 321.6 R (te)3.217 E .717(xt after the)-.15 F F2(=)3.217 E F0 .717(in each v) 3.217 F .717(ariable assignment under)-.25 F .717(goes tilde e)-.18 F .717(xpansion, parameter e)-.15 F(xpansion,)-.15 E .339 -(command substitution, arithmetic e)144 304.8 R .339 +(command substitution, arithmetic e)144 333.6 R .339 (xpansion, and quote remo)-.15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.839(lb).25 G .339 -(efore being assigned to the v)-2.839 F(ari-)-.25 E(able.)144 316.8 Q -.332(If no command name results, the v)108 333.6 R .332 +(efore being assigned to the v)-2.839 F(ari-)-.25 E(able.)144 345.6 Q +.332(If no command name results, the v)108 362.4 R .332 (ariable assignments af)-.25 F .332(fect the current shell en)-.25 F -2.832(vironment. Otherwise,)-.4 F(the)2.832 E -.25(va)108 345.6 S .757 +2.832(vironment. Otherwise,)-.4 F(the)2.832 E -.25(va)108 374.4 S .757 (riables are added to the en).25 F .757(vironment of the e)-.4 F -.15 (xe)-.15 G .757(cuted command and do not af).15 F .757 -(fect the current shell en)-.25 F(vi-)-.4 E 3.177(ronment. If)108 357.6 +(fect the current shell en)-.25 F(vi-)-.4 E 3.177(ronment. If)108 386.4 R(an)3.177 E 3.177(yo)-.15 G 3.177(ft)-3.177 G .677 (he assignments attempts to assign a v)-3.177 F .677 (alue to a readonly v)-.25 F .676(ariable, an error occurs, and)-.25 F -(the command e)108 369.6 Q(xits with a non-zero status.)-.15 E .149 -(If no command name results, redirections are performed, b)108 386.4 R +(the command e)108 398.4 Q(xits with a non-zero status.)-.15 E .149 +(If no command name results, redirections are performed, b)108 415.2 R .149(ut do not af)-.2 F .15(fect the current shell en)-.25 F 2.65 -(vironment. A)-.4 F(redirection error causes the command to e)108 398.4 +(vironment. A)-.4 F(redirection error causes the command to e)108 427.2 Q(xit with a non-zero status.)-.15 E 1.064 -(If there is a command name left after e)108 415.2 R 1.064(xpansion, e) +(If there is a command name left after e)108 444 R 1.064(xpansion, e) -.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.064(cution proceeds as described belo).15 F -4.864 -.65(w. O)-.25 H 1.064(therwise, the).65 F .068(command e)108 -427.2 R 2.568(xits. If)-.15 F .069(one of the e)2.568 F .069 +4.864 -.65(w. O)-.25 H 1.064(therwise, the).65 F .068(command e)108 456 +R 2.568(xits. If)-.15 F .069(one of the e)2.568 F .069 (xpansions contained a command substitution, the e)-.15 F .069 -(xit status of the command)-.15 F .467(is the e)108 439.2 R .466 +(xit status of the command)-.15 F .467(is the e)108 468 R .466 (xit status of the last command substitution performed.)-.15 F .466 -(If there were no command substitutions, the)5.466 F(command e)108 451.2 -Q(xits with a status of zero.)-.15 E F4(COMMAND EXECUTION)72 468 Q F0 -.546(After a command has been split into w)108 480 R .547 +(If there were no command substitutions, the)5.466 F(command e)108 480 Q +(xits with a status of zero.)-.15 E F4(COMMAND EXECUTION)72 496.8 Q F0 +.546(After a command has been split into w)108 508.8 R .547 (ords, if it results in a simple command and an optional list of ar)-.1 -F(gu-)-.18 E(ments, the follo)108 492 Q(wing actions are tak)-.25 E(en.) --.1 E .379(If the command name contains no slashes, the shell attempts \ -to locate it.)108 508.8 R .379(If there e)5.379 F .379 +F(gu-)-.18 E(ments, the follo)108 520.8 Q(wing actions are tak)-.25 E +(en.)-.1 E .379(If the command name contains no slashes, the shell atte\ +mpts to locate it.)108 537.6 R .379(If there e)5.379 F .379 (xists a shell function by)-.15 F .246(that name, that function is in) -108 520.8 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.746(da).1 G 2.746(sd)-2.746 G +108 549.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.746(da).1 G 2.746(sd)-2.746 G .246(escribed abo)-2.746 F .546 -.15(ve i)-.15 H(n).15 E F3(FUNCTIONS) 2.746 E F5(.)A F0 .246(If the name does not match a func-)4.746 F -(tion, the shell searches for it in the list of shell b)108 532.8 Q 2.5 +(tion, the shell searches for it in the list of shell b)108 561.6 Q 2.5 (uiltins. If)-.2 F 2.5(am)2.5 G(atch is found, that b)-2.5 E (uiltin is in)-.2 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E .31 -(If the name is neither a shell function nor a b)108 549.6 R .309 +(If the name is neither a shell function nor a b)108 578.4 R .309 (uiltin, and contains no slashes,)-.2 F F2(bash)2.809 E F0 .309 -(searches each element of)2.809 F(the)108 561.6 Q F3 -.666(PA)3.162 G +(searches each element of)2.809 F(the)108 590.4 Q F3 -.666(PA)3.162 G (TH)-.189 E F0 .662(for a directory containing an e)2.912 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .662(cutable \214le by that name.).15 F F2(Bash)5.662 E F0 .663 (uses a hash table to remember)3.162 F 1.915(the full pathnames of e)108 -573.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.915(cutable \214les \(see).15 F F2(hash)4.415 E +602.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.915(cutable \214les \(see).15 F F2(hash)4.415 E F0(under)4.415 E F3 1.915(SHELL B)4.415 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.914(TIN COMMANDS) -.828 F F0(belo)4.164 E 4.414(w\). A)-.25 F(full)4.414 E .719 -(search of the directories in)108 585.6 R F3 -.666(PA)3.219 G(TH)-.189 E +(search of the directories in)108 614.4 R F3 -.666(PA)3.219 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .72(is performed only if the command is not found in the hash table.) 2.969 F .72(If the)5.72 F .956(search is unsuccessful, the shell search\ -es for a de\214ned shell function named)108 597.6 R F2(command_not_f) -3.455 E(ound_han-)-.25 E(dle)108 609.6 Q F0 5.277(.I)C 2.777(ft)-5.277 G +es for a de\214ned shell function named)108 626.4 R F2(command_not_f) +3.455 E(ound_han-)-.25 E(dle)108 638.4 Q F0 5.277(.I)C 2.777(ft)-5.277 G .277(hat function e)-2.777 F .277(xists, it is in)-.15 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.777(dw).1 G .278 (ith the original command and the original command')-2.777 F 2.778(sa) --.55 G -.18(rg)-2.778 G(uments).18 E .776(as its ar)108 621.6 R .776 +-.55 G -.18(rg)-2.778 G(uments).18 E .776(as its ar)108 650.4 R .776 (guments, and the function')-.18 F 3.275(se)-.55 G .775 (xit status becomes the e)-3.425 F .775(xit status of the shell.)-.15 F .775(If that function is not)5.775 F -(de\214ned, the shell prints an error message and returns an e)108 633.6 +(de\214ned, the shell prints an error message and returns an e)108 662.4 Q(xit status of 127.)-.15 E 1.089(If the search is successful, or if th\ -e command name contains one or more slashes, the shell e)108 650.4 R +e command name contains one or more slashes, the shell e)108 679.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.09(cutes the).15 F .198(named program in a separate e) -108 662.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .198(cution en).15 F 2.698(vironment. Ar)-.4 +108 691.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .198(cution en).15 F 2.698(vironment. Ar)-.4 F .198(gument 0 is set to the name gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .197 -(n, and the remain-).15 F(ing ar)108 674.4 Q +(n, and the remain-).15 F(ing ar)108 703.2 Q (guments to the command are set to the ar)-.18 E(guments gi)-.18 E -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(n, if an).15 E -.65(y.)-.15 G 1.809(If this e)108 691.2 R --.15(xe)-.15 G 1.809(cution f).15 F 1.809 +(ve)-.25 G(n, if an).15 E -.65(y.)-.15 G 1.809(If this e)108 720 R -.15 +(xe)-.15 G 1.809(cution f).15 F 1.809 (ails because the \214le is not in e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.809 (cutable format, and the \214le is not a directory).15 F 4.309(,i)-.65 G -4.309(ti)-4.309 G(s)-4.309 E .678(assumed to be a)108 703.2 R F1 .678 +4.309(ti)-4.309 G(s)-4.309 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23) +135.965 E(29)185.955 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 30 30 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) +-.35 E .678(assumed to be a)108 84 R/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF .678 (shell script)3.178 F F0 3.178(,a\214)C .678 (le containing shell commands.)-3.178 F 3.178(As)5.678 G .678 (ubshell is spa)-3.178 F .677(wned to e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .677 (cute it.).15 F(This)5.677 E .329 -(subshell reinitializes itself, so that the ef)108 715.2 R .329 +(subshell reinitializes itself, so that the ef)108 96 R .329 (fect is as if a ne)-.25 F 2.83(ws)-.25 G .33(hell had been in)-2.83 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.83(dt).1 G 2.83(oh)-2.83 G .33 -(andle the script, with)-2.83 F 1.219(the e)108 727.2 R 1.219 +(andle the script, with)-2.83 F 1.219(the e)108 108 R 1.219 (xception that the locations of commands remembered by the parent \(see) --.15 F F2(hash)3.719 E F0(belo)3.719 E 3.719(wu)-.25 G(nder)-3.719 E F3 -(SHELL)3.719 E F0(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(29) -190.395 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 30 30 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.09(BU)108 84 S(IL).09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 -E/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(\))A F0(are retained by the child.)2.25 E .347 -(If the program is a \214le be)108 100.8 R .347(ginning with)-.15 F/F3 -10/Times-Bold@0 SF(#!)2.847 E F0 2.847(,t)C .348(he remainder of the \ -\214rst line speci\214es an interpreter for the pro-)-2.847 F 3.178 -(gram. The)108 112.8 R .678(shell e)3.178 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .678(cutes t\ -he speci\214ed interpreter on operating systems that do not handle this\ - e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cutable).15 E 1.192(format themselv)108 124.8 R -3.692(es. The)-.15 F(ar)3.693 E 1.193 +-.15 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(hash)3.719 E F0(belo)3.719 E 3.719(wu)-.25 +G(nder)-3.719 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL)3.719 E -.09(BU)108 120 S(IL) +.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(\))A F0 +(are retained by the child.)2.25 E .347(If the program is a \214le be) +108 136.8 R .347(ginning with)-.15 F F2(#!)2.847 E F0 2.847(,t)C .348(h\ +e remainder of the \214rst line speci\214es an interpreter for the pro-) +-2.847 F 3.178(gram. The)108 148.8 R .678(shell e)3.178 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +.678(cutes the speci\214ed interpreter on operating systems that do not\ + handle this e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cutable).15 E 1.192(format themselv) +108 160.8 R 3.692(es. The)-.15 F(ar)3.693 E 1.193 (guments to the interpreter consist of a single optional ar)-.18 F 1.193 (gument follo)-.18 F 1.193(wing the)-.25 F 1.131 -(interpreter name on the \214rst line of the program, follo)108 136.8 R +(interpreter name on the \214rst line of the program, follo)108 172.8 R 1.13(wed by the name of the program, follo)-.25 F 1.13(wed by the)-.25 F -(command ar)108 148.8 Q(guments, if an)-.18 E -.65(y.)-.15 G/F4 10.95 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMMAND EXECUTION ENVIR)72 165.6 Q(ONMENT)-.329 E F0 -(The shell has an)108 177.6 Q/F5 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)2.5 G -(ecution en).2 E(vir)-.4 E(onment)-.45 E F0 2.5(,w)C -(hich consists of the follo)-2.5 E(wing:)-.25 E 32.5<836f>108 206.4 S -1.405(pen \214les inherited by the shell at in)-32.5 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -1.406(cation, as modi\214ed by redirections supplied to the).2 F F3 -(exec)3.906 E F0 -.2(bu)144 218.4 S(iltin).2 E 32.5<8374>108 235.2 S -(he current w)-32.5 E(orking directory as set by)-.1 E F3(cd)2.5 E F0(,) -A F3(pushd)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C(r)-2.5 E F3(popd)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C 2.5(ri) +(command ar)108 184.8 Q(guments, if an)-.18 E -.65(y.)-.15 G/F5 10.95 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMMAND EXECUTION ENVIR)72 201.6 Q(ONMENT)-.329 E F0 +(The shell has an)108 213.6 Q F1 -.2(ex)2.5 G(ecution en).2 E(vir)-.4 E +(onment)-.45 E F0 2.5(,w)C(hich consists of the follo)-2.5 E(wing:)-.25 +E 32.5<836f>108 242.4 S 1.405(pen \214les inherited by the shell at in) +-32.5 F -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.406 +(cation, as modi\214ed by redirections supplied to the).2 F F2(exec) +3.906 E F0 -.2(bu)144 254.4 S(iltin).2 E 32.5<8374>108 271.2 S +(he current w)-32.5 E(orking directory as set by)-.1 E F2(cd)2.5 E F0(,) +A F2(pushd)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C(r)-2.5 E F2(popd)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C 2.5(ri) -2.5 G(nherited by the shell at in)-2.5 E -.2(vo)-.4 G(cation).2 E 32.5 -<8374>108 252 S(he \214le creation mode mask as set by)-32.5 E F3(umask) +<8374>108 288 S(he \214le creation mode mask as set by)-32.5 E F2(umask) 2.5 E F0(or inherited from the shell')2.5 E 2.5(sp)-.55 G(arent)-2.5 E -32.5<8363>108 268.8 S(urrent traps set by)-32.5 E F3(trap)2.5 E F0 32.5 -<8373>108 285.6 S .257(hell parameters that are set by v)-32.5 F .256 -(ariable assignment or with)-.25 F F3(set)2.756 E F0 .256 +32.5<8363>108 304.8 S(urrent traps set by)-32.5 E F2(trap)2.5 E F0 32.5 +<8373>108 321.6 S .257(hell parameters that are set by v)-32.5 F .256 +(ariable assignment or with)-.25 F F2(set)2.756 E F0 .256 (or inherited from the shell')2.756 F 2.756(sp)-.55 G(arent)-2.756 E -(in the en)144 297.6 Q(vironment)-.4 E 32.5<8373>108 314.4 S +(in the en)144 333.6 Q(vironment)-.4 E 32.5<8373>108 350.4 S (hell functions de\214ned during e)-32.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G (cution or inherited from the shell').15 E 2.5(sp)-.55 G -(arent in the en)-2.5 E(vironment)-.4 E 32.5<836f>108 331.2 S +(arent in the en)-2.5 E(vironment)-.4 E 32.5<836f>108 367.2 S (ptions enabled at in)-32.5 E -.2(vo)-.4 G(cation \(either by def).2 E -(ault or with command-line ar)-.1 E(guments\) or by)-.18 E F3(set)2.5 E -F0 32.5<836f>108 348 S(ptions enabled by)-32.5 E F3(shopt)2.5 E F0 32.5 -<8373>108 364.8 S(hell aliases de\214ned with)-32.5 E F3(alias)2.5 E F0 -32.5<8376>108 381.6 S +(ault or with command-line ar)-.1 E(guments\) or by)-.18 E F2(set)2.5 E +F0 32.5<836f>108 384 S(ptions enabled by)-32.5 E F2(shopt)2.5 E F0 32.5 +<8373>108 400.8 S(hell aliases de\214ned with)-32.5 E F2(alias)2.5 E F0 +32.5<8376>108 417.6 S (arious process IDs, including those of background jobs, the v)-32.75 E -(alue of)-.25 E F3($$)2.5 E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd the v)-2.5 E(alue of)-.25 E -F3($PPID)2.5 E F0 .426(When a simple command other than a b)108 398.4 R +(alue of)-.25 E F2($$)2.5 E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd the v)-2.5 E(alue of)-.25 E +F2($PPID)2.5 E F0 .426(When a simple command other than a b)108 434.4 R .427(uiltin or shell function is to be e)-.2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .427 (cuted, it is in).15 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.927(di).1 G 2.927(nas) --2.927 G(eparate)-2.927 E -.15(exe)108 410.4 S .134(cution en).15 F .134 +-2.927 G(eparate)-2.927 E -.15(exe)108 446.4 S .134(cution en).15 F .134 (vironment that consists of the follo)-.4 F 2.634(wing. Unless)-.25 F .133(otherwise noted, the v)2.634 F .133(alues are inherited from)-.25 F -(the shell.)108 422.4 Q 32.5<8374>108 451.2 S 1.055(he shell')-32.5 F +(the shell.)108 458.4 Q 32.5<8374>108 487.2 S 1.055(he shell')-32.5 F 3.555(so)-.55 G 1.055(pen \214les, plus an)-3.555 F 3.556(ym)-.15 G 1.056 (odi\214cations and additions speci\214ed by redirections to the com-) --3.556 F(mand)144 463.2 Q 32.5<8374>108 480 S(he current w)-32.5 E -(orking directory)-.1 E 32.5<8374>108 496.8 S -(he \214le creation mode mask)-32.5 E 32.5<8373>108 513.6 S .857(hell v) +-3.556 F(mand)144 499.2 Q 32.5<8374>108 516 S(he current w)-32.5 E +(orking directory)-.1 E 32.5<8374>108 532.8 S +(he \214le creation mode mask)-32.5 E 32.5<8373>108 549.6 S .857(hell v) -32.5 F .857(ariables and functions mark)-.25 F .857(ed for e)-.1 F .857 (xport, along with v)-.15 F .857(ariables e)-.25 F .857 -(xported for the command,)-.15 F(passed in the en)144 525.6 Q(vironment) --.4 E 32.5<8374>108 542.4 S .306 +(xported for the command,)-.15 F(passed in the en)144 561.6 Q(vironment) +-.4 E 32.5<8374>108 578.4 S .306 (raps caught by the shell are reset to the v)-32.5 F .307 (alues inherited from the shell')-.25 F 2.807(sp)-.55 G .307 -(arent, and traps ignored)-2.807 F(by the shell are ignored)144 554.4 Q -2.5(Ac)108 571.2 S(ommand in)-2.5 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(di).1 G +(arent, and traps ignored)-2.807 F(by the shell are ignored)144 590.4 Q +2.5(Ac)108 607.2 S(ommand in)-2.5 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(di).1 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G(his separate en)-2.5 E(vironment cannot af)-.4 E (fect the shell')-.25 E 2.5(se)-.55 G -.15(xe)-2.65 G(cution en).15 E (vironment.)-.4 E .577(Command substitution, commands grouped with pare\ -ntheses, and asynchronous commands are in)108 588 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke) -.2 G 3.077(di).1 G(n)-3.077 E 2.744(as)108 600 S .244(ubshell en)-2.744 +ntheses, and asynchronous commands are in)108 624 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke) +.2 G 3.077(di).1 G(n)-3.077 E 2.744(as)108 636 S .244(ubshell en)-2.744 F .244(vironment that is a duplicate of the shell en)-.4 F .245 (vironment, e)-.4 F .245(xcept that traps caught by the shell are)-.15 F -.359(reset to the v)108 612 R .358 +.359(reset to the v)108 648 R .358 (alues that the shell inherited from its parent at in)-.25 F -.2(vo)-.4 G 2.858(cation. Builtin).2 F .358(commands that are in)2.858 F -.2(vo) --.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E .856(as part of a pipeline are also e)108 624 R +-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E .856(as part of a pipeline are also e)108 660 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .856(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 3.357 (vironment. Changes)-.4 F .857(made to the subshell en)3.357 F(viron-) --.4 E(ment cannot af)108 636 Q(fect the shell')-.25 E 2.5(se)-.55 G -.15 +-.4 E(ment cannot af)108 672 Q(fect the shell')-.25 E 2.5(se)-.55 G -.15 (xe)-2.65 G(cution en).15 E(vironment.)-.4 E 1.377(Subshells spa)108 -652.8 R 1.377(wned to e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.377 +688.8 R 1.377(wned to e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.377 (cute command substitutions inherit the v).15 F 1.377(alue of the)-.25 F -F33.876 E F0 1.376(option from the parent)3.876 F 2.5(shell. When) -108 664.8 R(not in posix mode, Bash clears the)2.5 E F32.5 E F0 -(option in such subshells.)2.5 E .404(If a command is follo)108 681.6 R -.404(wed by a)-.25 F F3(&)2.904 E F0 .405(and job control is not acti) +F23.876 E F0 1.376(option from the parent)3.876 F 2.5(shell. When) +108 700.8 R(not in posix mode, Bash clears the)2.5 E F22.5 E F0 +(option in such subshells.)2.5 E .404(If a command is follo)108 717.6 R +.404(wed by a)-.25 F F2(&)2.904 E F0 .405(and job control is not acti) 2.904 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.905(,t).15 G .405(he def)-2.905 F .405 (ault standard input for the command)-.1 F .198(is the empty \214le)108 -693.6 R F5(/de)2.698 E(v/null)-.15 E F0 5.198(.O)C .198 +729.6 R F1(/de)2.698 E(v/null)-.15 E F0 5.198(.O)C .198 (therwise, the in)-5.198 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.698(dc).1 G .197 (ommand inherits the \214le descriptors of the calling shell)-2.698 F -(as modi\214ed by redirections.)108 705.6 Q(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q -(2009 October 16)140.405 E(30)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(30)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 31 31 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(ENVIR)72 84 Q(ONMENT)-.329 E F0 2.353 -(When a program is in)108 96 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 4.853(di).1 G -4.853(ti)-4.853 G 4.853(sg)-4.853 G -2.15 -.25(iv e)-4.853 H 4.853(na) -.25 G 4.853(na)-4.853 G 2.353(rray of strings called the)-4.853 F/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(en)4.853 E(vir)-.4 E(onment)-.45 E F0 7.353(.T).68 G -2.354(his is a list of)-7.353 F F2(name)108 108 Q F0A F2(value)A F0 -(pairs, of the form)2.5 E F2(name)2.5 E F0(=)A F2(value)A F0(.).18 E -1.486(The shell pro)108 124.8 R 1.486(vides se)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -1.486(ral w).15 F 1.485(ays to manipulate the en)-.1 F 3.985 -(vironment. On)-.4 F(in)3.985 E -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.485 -(cation, the shell scans its o).2 F(wn)-.25 E(en)108 136.8 Q .144(viron\ -ment and creates a parameter for each name found, automatically marking\ - it for)-.4 F F2 -.2(ex)2.644 G(port).2 E F0 .144(to child pro-)3.324 F -2.704(cesses. Ex)108 148.8 R .203(ecuted commands inherit the en)-.15 F -2.703(vironment. The)-.4 F/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(export)2.703 E F0(and) -2.703 E F3(declar)2.703 E 2.703<65ad>-.18 G(x)-2.703 E F0 .203 -(commands allo)2.703 F 2.703(wp)-.25 G(aram-)-2.703 E 1.153 -(eters and functions to be added to and deleted from the en)108 160.8 R +-.35 E(as modi\214ed by redirections.)108 84 Q/F1 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF +(ENVIR)72 100.8 Q(ONMENT)-.329 E F0 2.353(When a program is in)108 112.8 +R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 4.853(di).1 G 4.853(ti)-4.853 G 4.853(sg) +-4.853 G -2.15 -.25(iv e)-4.853 H 4.853(na).25 G 4.853(na)-4.853 G 2.353 +(rray of strings called the)-4.853 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(en)4.853 E +(vir)-.4 E(onment)-.45 E F0 7.353(.T).68 G 2.354(his is a list of)-7.353 +F F2(name)108 124.8 Q F0A F2(value)A F0(pairs, of the form)2.5 E F2 +(name)2.5 E F0(=)A F2(value)A F0(.).18 E 1.486(The shell pro)108 141.6 R +1.486(vides se)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.486(ral w).15 F 1.485 +(ays to manipulate the en)-.1 F 3.985(vironment. On)-.4 F(in)3.985 E -.2 +(vo)-.4 G 1.485(cation, the shell scans its o).2 F(wn)-.25 E(en)108 +153.6 Q .144(vironment and creates a parameter for each name found, aut\ +omatically marking it for)-.4 F F2 -.2(ex)2.644 G(port).2 E F0 .144 +(to child pro-)3.324 F 2.704(cesses. Ex)108 165.6 R .203 +(ecuted commands inherit the en)-.15 F 2.703(vironment. The)-.4 F/F3 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(export)2.703 E F0(and)2.703 E F3(declar)2.703 E 2.703 +<65ad>-.18 G(x)-2.703 E F0 .203(commands allo)2.703 F 2.703(wp)-.25 G +(aram-)-2.703 E 1.153 +(eters and functions to be added to and deleted from the en)108 177.6 R 3.653(vironment. If)-.4 F 1.153(the v)3.653 F 1.154 -(alue of a parameter in the)-.25 F(en)108 172.8 Q .64 +(alue of a parameter in the)-.25 F(en)108 189.6 Q .64 (vironment is modi\214ed, the ne)-.4 F 3.14(wv)-.25 G .64 (alue becomes part of the en)-3.39 F .64(vironment, replacing the old.) --.4 F .64(The en)5.64 F(viron-)-.4 E .58(ment inherited by an)108 184.8 +-.4 F .64(The en)5.64 F(viron-)-.4 E .58(ment inherited by an)108 201.6 R 3.08(ye)-.15 G -.15(xe)-3.23 G .58 (cuted command consists of the shell').15 F 3.08(si)-.55 G .58 (nitial en)-3.08 F .58(vironment, whose v)-.4 F .58(alues may be)-.25 F -.301(modi\214ed in the shell, less an)108 196.8 R 2.801(yp)-.15 G .301 +.301(modi\214ed in the shell, less an)108 213.6 R 2.801(yp)-.15 G .301 (airs remo)-2.801 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.801(db).15 G 2.801(yt)-2.801 G(he) -2.801 E F3(unset)2.801 E F0 .3(command, plus an)2.8 F 2.8(ya)-.15 G .3 (dditions via the)-2.8 F F3(export)2.8 E F0(and)2.8 E F3(declar)108 -208.8 Q 2.5<65ad>-.18 G(x)-2.5 E F0(commands.)2.5 E .562(The en)108 -225.6 R .562(vironment for an)-.4 F(y)-.15 E F2 .562(simple command) +225.6 Q 2.5<65ad>-.18 G(x)-2.5 E F0(commands.)2.5 E .562(The en)108 +242.4 R .562(vironment for an)-.4 F(y)-.15 E F2 .562(simple command) 3.402 F F0 .563 (or function may be augmented temporarily by pre\214xing it with)3.833 F -.203(parameter assignments, as described abo)108 237.6 R .502 -.15(ve i) +.203(parameter assignments, as described abo)108 254.4 R .502 -.15(ve i) -.15 H(n).15 E/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)2.702 G(RAMETERS).666 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .202(These assignment statements af)4.702 F -.202(fect only the)-.25 F(en)108 249.6 Q -(vironment seen by that command.)-.4 E .81(If the)108 266.4 R F3 +.202(fect only the)-.25 F(en)108 266.4 Q +(vironment seen by that command.)-.4 E .81(If the)108 283.2 R F3 3.31 E F0 .81(option is set \(see the)3.31 F F3(set)3.31 E F0 -.2(bu) 3.31 G .81(iltin command belo).2 F .81(w\), then)-.25 F F2(all)3.64 E F0 -.81(parameter assignments are placed in)3.82 F(the en)108 278.4 Q +.81(parameter assignments are placed in)3.82 F(the en)108 295.2 Q (vironment for a command, not just those that precede the command name.) --.4 E(When)108 295.2 Q F3(bash)3.397 E F0(in)3.397 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1 -(ke).2 G 3.397(sa).1 G 3.397(ne)-3.397 G .897(xternal command, the v) --3.547 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(_)3.397 E F0 .897 +-.4 E(When)108 312 Q F3(bash)3.397 E F0(in)3.397 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke) +.2 G 3.397(sa).1 G 3.397(ne)-3.397 G .897(xternal command, the v)-3.547 +F(ariable)-.25 E F3(_)3.397 E F0 .897 (is set to the full \214le name of the command and)3.397 F -(passed to that command in its en)108 307.2 Q(vironment.)-.4 E F1 -(EXIT ST)72 324 Q -1.04(AT)-.986 G(US)1.04 E F0 .15(The e)108 336 R .15 +(passed to that command in its en)108 324 Q(vironment.)-.4 E F1(EXIT ST) +72 340.8 Q -1.04(AT)-.986 G(US)1.04 E F0 .15(The e)108 352.8 R .15 (xit status of an e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .15(cuted command is the v).15 F .151(alue returned by the)-.25 F F2(waitpid)2.651 E F0 .151 (system call or equi)2.651 F -.25(va)-.25 G .151(lent func-).25 F 2.848 -(tion. Exit)108 348 R .348(statuses f)2.848 F .347 +(tion. Exit)108 364.8 R .348(statuses f)2.848 F .347 (all between 0 and 255, though, as e)-.1 F .347(xplained belo)-.15 F 1.647 -.65(w, t)-.25 H .347(he shell may use v).65 F .347(alues abo)-.25 -F .647 -.15(ve 1)-.15 H(25).15 E(specially)108 360 Q 5.673(.E)-.65 G +F .647 -.15(ve 1)-.15 H(25).15 E(specially)108 376.8 Q 5.673(.E)-.65 G .673(xit statuses from shell b)-5.673 F .673 (uiltins and compound commands are also limited to this range. Under)-.2 -F(certain circumstances, the shell will use special v)108 372 Q +F(certain circumstances, the shell will use special v)108 388.8 Q (alues to indicate speci\214c f)-.25 E(ailure modes.)-.1 E -.15(Fo)108 -388.8 S 3.373(rt).15 G .873(he shell')-3.373 F 3.373(sp)-.55 G .873 +405.6 S 3.373(rt).15 G .873(he shell')-3.373 F 3.373(sp)-.55 G .873 (urposes, a command which e)-3.373 F .873(xits with a zero e)-.15 F .873 (xit status has succeeded.)-.15 F .872(An e)5.872 F .872(xit status of) --.15 F .048(zero indicates success.)108 400.8 R 2.548(An)5.048 G .049 +-.15 F .048(zero indicates success.)108 417.6 R 2.548(An)5.048 G .049 (on-zero e)-2.548 F .049(xit status indicates f)-.15 F 2.549 (ailure. When)-.1 F 2.549(ac)2.549 G .049(ommand terminates on a f) --2.549 F .049(atal sig-)-.1 F(nal)108 412.8 Q F2(N)2.5 E F0(,)A F3(bash) +-2.549 F .049(atal sig-)-.1 F(nal)108 429.6 Q F2(N)2.5 E F0(,)A F3(bash) 2.5 E F0(uses the v)2.5 E(alue of 128+)-.25 E F2(N)A F0(as the e)2.5 E (xit status.)-.15 E .405 -(If a command is not found, the child process created to e)108 429.6 R +(If a command is not found, the child process created to e)108 446.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .404(cute it returns a status of 127.).15 F .404 -(If a command is)5.404 F(found b)108 441.6 Q(ut is not e)-.2 E -.15(xe) --.15 G(cutable, the return status is 126.).15 E(If a command f)108 458.4 +(If a command is)5.404 F(found b)108 458.4 Q(ut is not e)-.2 E -.15(xe) +-.15 G(cutable, the return status is 126.).15 E(If a command f)108 475.2 Q(ails because of an error during e)-.1 E (xpansion or redirection, the e)-.15 E(xit status is greater than zero.) --.15 E .08(Shell b)108 475.2 R .08 +-.15 E .08(Shell b)108 492 R .08 (uiltin commands return a status of 0 \()-.2 F F2(true)A F0 2.581(\)i)C 2.581(fs)-2.581 G .081(uccessful, and non-zero \()-2.581 F F2(false)A F0 2.581(\)i)C 2.581(fa)-2.581 G 2.581(ne)-2.581 G .081(rror occurs while) --2.581 F(the)108 487.2 Q 2.5(ye)-.15 G -.15(xe)-2.65 G 2.5(cute. All).15 -F -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltins return an e).2 E -(xit status of 2 to indicate incorrect usage.)-.15 E F3(Bash)108 504 Q +-2.581 F(the)108 504 Q 2.5(ye)-.15 G -.15(xe)-2.65 G 2.5(cute. All).15 F +-.2(bu)2.5 G(iltins return an e).2 E +(xit status of 2 to indicate incorrect usage.)-.15 E F3(Bash)108 520.8 Q F0 .202(itself returns the e)2.702 F .202 (xit status of the last command e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .201 -(cuted, unless a syntax error occurs, in which case).15 F(it e)108 516 Q -(xits with a non-zero v)-.15 E 2.5(alue. See)-.25 F(also the)2.5 E F3 +(cuted, unless a syntax error occurs, in which case).15 F(it e)108 532.8 +Q(xits with a non-zero v)-.15 E 2.5(alue. See)-.25 F(also the)2.5 E F3 (exit)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command belo).2 E -.65(w.)-.25 G F1 -(SIGN)72 532.8 Q(ALS)-.219 E F0(When)108 544.8 Q F3(bash)3.182 E F0 .682 +(SIGN)72 549.6 Q(ALS)-.219 E F0(When)108 561.6 Q F3(bash)3.182 E F0 .682 (is interacti)3.182 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.182(,i).15 G 3.182(nt)-3.182 G .682(he absence of an)-3.182 F 3.183(yt)-.15 G .683(raps, it ignores) -3.183 F F4(SIGTERM)3.183 E F0 .683(\(so that)2.933 F F3 .683(kill 0) -3.183 F F0 .683(does not kill an)3.183 F(interacti)108 556.8 Q .758 -.15 +3.183 F F0 .683(does not kill an)3.183 F(interacti)108 573.6 Q .758 -.15 (ve s)-.25 H .458(hell\), and).15 F F4(SIGINT)2.958 E F0 .458 (is caught and handled \(so that the)2.708 F F3(wait)2.958 E F0 -.2(bu) 2.958 G .457(iltin is interruptible\).).2 F .457(In all cases,)5.457 F -F3(bash)108 568.8 Q F0(ignores)2.5 E F4(SIGQ)2.5 E(UIT)-.09 E F5(.)A F0 +F3(bash)108 585.6 Q F0(ignores)2.5 E F4(SIGQ)2.5 E(UIT)-.09 E F5(.)A F0 (If job control is in ef)4.5 E(fect,)-.25 E F3(bash)2.5 E F0(ignores)2.5 E F4(SIGTTIN)2.5 E F5(,)A F4(SIGTT)2.25 E(OU)-.162 E F5(,)A F0(and)2.25 -E F4(SIGTSTP)2.5 E F5(.)A F0(Non-b)108 585.6 Q 1.064 +E F4(SIGTSTP)2.5 E F5(.)A F0(Non-b)108 602.4 Q 1.064 (uiltin commands run by)-.2 F F3(bash)3.564 E F0(ha)3.564 E 1.365 -.15 (ve s)-.2 H 1.065(ignal handlers set to the v).15 F 1.065 (alues inherited by the shell from its)-.25 F 3.248(parent. When)108 -597.6 R .748(job control is not in ef)3.248 F .747 +614.4 R .748(job control is not in ef)3.248 F .747 (fect, asynchronous commands ignore)-.25 F F4(SIGINT)3.247 E F0(and) 2.997 E F4(SIGQ)3.247 E(UIT)-.09 E F0 .747(in addi-)2.997 F .652 -(tion to these inherited handlers.)108 609.6 R .653 +(tion to these inherited handlers.)108 626.4 R .653 (Commands run as a result of command substitution ignore the k)5.652 F --.15(ey)-.1 G(board-).15 E(generated job control signals)108 621.6 Q F4 +-.15(ey)-.1 G(board-).15 E(generated job control signals)108 638.4 Q F4 (SIGTTIN)2.5 E F5(,)A F4(SIGTT)2.25 E(OU)-.162 E F5(,)A F0(and)2.25 E F4 -(SIGTSTP)2.5 E F5(.)A F0 2.046(The shell e)108 638.4 R 2.046 +(SIGTSTP)2.5 E F5(.)A F0 2.046(The shell e)108 655.2 R 2.046 (xits by def)-.15 F 2.045(ault upon receipt of a)-.1 F F4(SIGHUP)4.545 E F5(.)A F0 2.045(Before e)6.545 F 2.045(xiting, an interacti)-.15 F 2.345 --.15(ve s)-.25 H 2.045(hell resends the).15 F F4(SIGHUP)108 650.4 Q F0 +-.15(ve s)-.25 H 2.045(hell resends the).15 F F4(SIGHUP)108 667.2 Q F0 1.004(to all jobs, running or stopped.)3.254 F 1.004 (Stopped jobs are sent)6.004 F F4(SIGCONT)3.505 E F0 1.005 (to ensure that the)3.255 F 3.505(yr)-.15 G(ecei)-3.505 E 1.305 -.15 -(ve t)-.25 H(he).15 E F4(SIGHUP)108 662.4 Q F5(.)A F0 2.53 -.8(To p)5.43 +(ve t)-.25 H(he).15 E F4(SIGHUP)108 679.2 Q F5(.)A F0 2.53 -.8(To p)5.43 H(re).8 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .93(nt the shell from sending the signal to a \ particular job, it should be remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.429(df).15 G -.929(rom the)-3.429 F 1.356(jobs table with the)108 674.4 R F3(diso) +.929(rom the)-3.429 F 1.356(jobs table with the)108 691.2 R F3(diso) 3.856 E(wn)-.1 E F0 -.2(bu)3.856 G 1.356(iltin \(see).2 F F4 1.356 (SHELL B)3.856 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.356(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.607 E 1.357(w\) or mark)-.25 F 1.357(ed to not recei)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G F4 -(SIGHUP)108 686.4 Q F0(using)2.25 E F3(diso)2.5 E(wn \255h)-.1 E F0(.)A -.166(If the)108 703.2 R F3(huponexit)2.666 E F0 .166 +(SIGHUP)108 703.2 Q F0(using)2.25 E F3(diso)2.5 E(wn \255h)-.1 E F0(.)A +.166(If the)108 720 R F3(huponexit)2.666 E F0 .166 (shell option has been set with)2.666 F F3(shopt)2.666 E F0(,)A F3(bash) 2.666 E F0 .166(sends a)2.666 F F4(SIGHUP)2.666 E F0 .166 -(to all jobs when an interacti)2.416 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(login shell e)108 -715.2 Q(xits.)-.15 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(31) -190.395 E 0 Cg EP +(to all jobs when an interacti)2.416 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(GNU Bash-4.1)72 +768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(31)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 32 32 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E(If)108 84 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(bash)3.046 E F0 .546(is w)3.046 -F .546(aiting for a command to complete and recei)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -3.046(sas).15 G .546(ignal for which a trap has been set, the trap) --3.046 F .663(will not be e)108 96 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .663 +-.35 E(login shell e)108 84 Q(xits.)-.15 E(If)108 100.8 Q/F1 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(bash)3.046 E F0 .546(is w)3.046 F .546 +(aiting for a command to complete and recei)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.046 +(sas).15 G .546(ignal for which a trap has been set, the trap)-3.046 F +.663(will not be e)108 112.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .663 (cuted until the command completes.).15 F(When)5.663 E F1(bash)3.163 E F0 .662(is w)3.163 F .662(aiting for an asynchronous command)-.1 F .99 -(via the)108 108 R F1(wait)3.49 E F0 -.2(bu)3.49 G .99(iltin, the recep\ -tion of a signal for which a trap has been set will cause the).2 F F1 +(via the)108 124.8 R F1(wait)3.49 E F0 -.2(bu)3.49 G .99(iltin, the rec\ +eption of a signal for which a trap has been set will cause the).2 F F1 (wait)3.49 E F0 -.2(bu)3.49 G .99(iltin to).2 F -(return immediately with an e)108 120 Q +(return immediately with an e)108 136.8 Q (xit status greater than 128, immediately after which the trap is e)-.15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E/F2 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(JOB CONTR)72 -136.8 Q(OL)-.329 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.25(Jo)108 148.8 S 4.568(bc) +153.6 Q(OL)-.329 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.25(Jo)108 165.6 S 4.568(bc) .25 G(ontr)-4.568 E(ol)-.45 E F0 2.068(refers to the ability to selecti) 5.078 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.067(ly stop \().15 F F3(suspend)A F0 4.567(\)t) C 2.067(he e)-4.567 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.067 -(cution of processes and continue).15 F(\()108 160.8 Q F3 -.37(re)C +(cution of processes and continue).15 F(\()108 177.6 Q F3 -.37(re)C (sume).37 E F0 3.201(\)t)C .701(heir e)-3.201 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .702 (cution at a later point.).15 F 3.202(Au)5.702 G .702 (ser typically emplo)-3.202 F .702(ys this f)-.1 F .702 (acility via an interacti)-.1 F 1.002 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(nterf).15 E(ace) --.1 E(supplied jointly by the operating system k)108 172.8 Q(ernel')-.1 +-.1 E(supplied jointly by the operating system k)108 189.6 Q(ernel')-.1 E 2.5(st)-.55 G(erminal dri)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ra).15 G(nd)-2.5 E -F1(bash)2.5 E F0(.)A .785(The shell associates a)108 189.6 R F3(job) +F1(bash)2.5 E F0(.)A .785(The shell associates a)108 206.4 R F3(job) 5.025 E F0 .785(with each pipeline.)3.515 F .784(It k)5.785 F .784 (eeps a table of currently e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .784 -(cuting jobs, which may be).15 F .34(listed with the)108 201.6 R F1 +(cuting jobs, which may be).15 F .34(listed with the)108 218.4 R F1 (jobs)2.84 E F0 2.84(command. When)2.84 F F1(bash)2.84 E F0 .341 (starts a job asynchronously \(in the)2.84 F F3(bac)2.841 E(kgr)-.2 E -(ound)-.45 E F0 .341(\), it prints a line).77 F(that looks lik)108 213.6 -Q(e:)-.1 E([1] 25647)144 230.4 Q .241(indicating that this job is job n\ +(ound)-.45 E F0 .341(\), it prints a line).77 F(that looks lik)108 230.4 +Q(e:)-.1 E([1] 25647)144 247.2 Q .241(indicating that this job is job n\ umber 1 and that the process ID of the last process in the pipeline ass\ -ociated)108 247.2 R .732(with this job is 25647.)108 259.2 R .733 +ociated)108 264 R .732(with this job is 25647.)108 276 R .733 (All of the processes in a single pipeline are members of the same job) -5.732 F(.)-.4 E F1(Bash)5.733 E F0(uses)3.233 E(the)108 271.2 Q F3(job) +5.732 F(.)-.4 E F1(Bash)5.733 E F0(uses)3.233 E(the)108 288 Q F3(job) 4.24 E F0(abstraction as the basis for job control.)2.73 E 3.063 -.8 -(To f)108 288 T 1.463(acilitate the implementation of the user interf).7 -F 1.462(ace to job control, the operating system maintains the)-.1 F .87 -(notion of a)108 300 R F3(curr)3.37 E .87(ent terminal pr)-.37 F .871 -(ocess gr)-.45 F .871(oup ID)-.45 F F0 5.871(.M)C .871 +(To f)108 304.8 T 1.463(acilitate the implementation of the user interf) +.7 F 1.462(ace to job control, the operating system maintains the)-.1 F +.87(notion of a)108 316.8 R F3(curr)3.37 E .87(ent terminal pr)-.37 F +.871(ocess gr)-.45 F .871(oup ID)-.45 F F0 5.871(.M)C .871 (embers of this process group \(processes whose process)-5.871 F .023 (group ID is equal to the current terminal process group ID\) recei)108 -312 R .323 -.15(ve k)-.25 H -.15(ey).05 G .023 +328.8 R .323 -.15(ve k)-.25 H -.15(ey).05 G .023 (board-generated signals such as).15 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIG-)2.522 E -(INT)108 324 Q/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 1.346 +(INT)108 340.8 Q/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 1.346 (These processes are said to be in the)5.846 F F3(for)3.847 E -.4(eg) -.37 G -.45(ro).4 G(und).45 E F0(.).77 E F3(Bac)6.927 E(kgr)-.2 E(ound) -.45 E F0 1.347(processes are those whose process)4.617 F .146 -(group ID dif)108 336 R .146(fers from the terminal')-.25 F .146 +(group ID dif)108 352.8 R .146(fers from the terminal')-.25 F .146 (s; such processes are immune to k)-.55 F -.15(ey)-.1 G .145 (board-generated signals.).15 F .145(Only fore-)5.145 F .16 -(ground processes are allo)108 348 R .16(wed to read from or)-.25 F 2.66 -(,i)-.4 G 2.66(ft)-2.66 G .16(he user so speci\214es with)-2.66 F/F6 10 -/Courier@0 SF .16(stty tostop)2.66 F F0 2.66(,w)C .16(rite to the ter) --2.66 F(-)-.2 E 3.052(minal. Background)108 360 R .551 +(ground processes are allo)108 364.8 R .16(wed to read from or)-.25 F +2.66(,i)-.4 G 2.66(ft)-2.66 G .16(he user so speci\214es with)-2.66 F/F6 +10/Courier@0 SF .16(stty tostop)2.66 F F0 2.66(,w)C .16(rite to the ter) +-2.66 F(-)-.2 E 3.052(minal. Background)108 376.8 R .551 (processes which attempt to read from \(write to when)3.052 F F6 .551 (stty tostop)3.051 F F0 .551(is in ef)3.051 F .551(fect\) the)-.25 F -.717(terminal are sent a)108 372 R F4 .717(SIGTTIN \(SIGTT)3.217 F(OU\)) --.162 E F0 .718(signal by the k)2.967 F(ernel')-.1 E 3.218(st)-.55 G -.718(erminal dri)-3.218 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.518 -.4(r, w).15 H .718 -(hich, unless caught, sus-).4 F(pends the process.)108 384 Q 1.088 -(If the operating system on which)108 400.8 R F1(bash)3.588 E F0 1.088 +.717(terminal are sent a)108 388.8 R F4 .717(SIGTTIN \(SIGTT)3.217 F +(OU\))-.162 E F0 .718(signal by the k)2.967 F(ernel')-.1 E 3.218(st)-.55 +G .718(erminal dri)-3.218 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.518 -.4(r, w).15 H .718 +(hich, unless caught, sus-).4 F(pends the process.)108 400.8 Q 1.088 +(If the operating system on which)108 417.6 R F1(bash)3.588 E F0 1.088 (is running supports job control,)3.588 F F1(bash)3.587 E F0 1.087 -(contains f)3.587 F 1.087(acilities to use it.)-.1 F -.8(Ty)108 412.8 S +(contains f)3.587 F 1.087(acilities to use it.)-.1 F -.8(Ty)108 429.6 S .301(ping the).8 F F3(suspend)3.141 E F0 .301(character \(typically) 3.571 F F1(^Z)2.801 E F0 2.801(,C)C .301 (ontrol-Z\) while a process is running causes that process to be)-2.801 -F 2.143(stopped and returns control to)108 424.8 R F1(bash)4.642 E F0 +F 2.143(stopped and returns control to)108 441.6 R F1(bash)4.642 E F0 7.142(.T)C 2.142(yping the)-7.942 F F3 2.142(delayed suspend)4.992 F F0 2.142(character \(typically)5.412 F F1(^Y)4.642 E F0 4.642(,C)C (ontrol-Y\))-4.642 E .021(causes the process to be stopped when it atte\ mpts to read input from the terminal, and control to be returned)108 -436.8 R(to)108 448.8 Q F1(bash)3.392 E F0 5.892(.T)C .892 +453.6 R(to)108 465.6 Q F1(bash)3.392 E F0 5.892(.T)C .892 (he user may then manipulate the state of this job, using the)-5.892 F F1(bg)3.392 E F0 .892(command to continue it in the)3.392 F .894 -(background, the)108 460.8 R F1(fg)3.394 E F0 .895 +(background, the)108 477.6 R F1(fg)3.394 E F0 .895 (command to continue it in the fore)3.394 F .895(ground, or the)-.15 F F1(kill)3.395 E F0 .895(command to kill it.)3.395 F(A)5.895 E F1(^Z) -3.395 E F0(tak)3.395 E(es)-.1 E(ef)108 472.8 Q .949(fect immediately) +3.395 E F0(tak)3.395 E(es)-.1 E(ef)108 489.6 Q .949(fect immediately) -.25 F 3.449(,a)-.65 G .948(nd has the additional side ef)-3.449 F .948 (fect of causing pending output and typeahead to be dis-)-.25 F(carded.) -108 484.8 Q .777(There are a number of w)108 501.6 R .777 +108 501.6 Q .777(There are a number of w)108 518.4 R .777 (ays to refer to a job in the shell.)-.1 F .777(The character)5.777 F F1 -(%)3.277 E F0 .777(introduces a job speci\214cation)3.277 F(\()108 513.6 +(%)3.277 E F0 .777(introduces a job speci\214cation)3.277 F(\()108 530.4 Q F3(jobspec)A F0 3.458(\). Job)B(number)3.458 E F3(n)3.818 E F0 .957 (may be referred to as)3.697 F F1(%n)3.457 E F0 5.957(.A)C .957 (job may also be referred to using a pre\214x of the)-2.5 F .59(name us\ ed to start it, or using a substring that appears in its command line.) -108 525.6 R -.15(Fo)5.59 G 3.09(re).15 G(xample,)-3.24 E F1(%ce)3.09 E -F0 .59(refers to a)3.09 F(stopped)108 537.6 Q F1(ce)3.464 E F0(job)3.464 +108 542.4 R -.15(Fo)5.59 G 3.09(re).15 G(xample,)-3.24 E F1(%ce)3.09 E +F0 .59(refers to a)3.09 F(stopped)108 554.4 Q F1(ce)3.464 E F0(job)3.464 E 5.964(.I)-.4 G 3.463(fap)-5.964 G .963 (re\214x matches more than one job,)-3.463 F F1(bash)3.463 E F0 .963 (reports an error)3.463 F 5.963(.U)-.55 G(sing)-5.963 E F1(%?ce)3.463 E F0 3.463(,o)C 3.463(nt)-3.463 G .963(he other)-3.463 F .086 -(hand, refers to an)108 549.6 R 2.587(yj)-.15 G .087 +(hand, refers to an)108 566.4 R 2.587(yj)-.15 G .087 (ob containing the string)-2.587 F F1(ce)2.587 E F0 .087 (in its command line.)2.587 F .087 -(If the substring matches more than one)5.087 F(job,)108 561.6 Q F1 +(If the substring matches more than one)5.087 F(job,)108 578.4 Q F1 (bash)2.518 E F0 .018(reports an error)2.518 F 5.018(.T)-.55 G .018 (he symbols)-5.018 F F1(%%)2.518 E F0(and)2.518 E F1(%+)2.518 E F0 .018 (refer to the shell')2.518 F 2.518(sn)-.55 G .018(otion of the)-2.518 F F3(curr)2.518 E .018(ent job)-.37 F F0 2.518(,w).23 G .018(hich is) --2.518 F .494(the last job stopped while it w)108 573.6 R .495 +-2.518 F .494(the last job stopped while it w)108 590.4 R .495 (as in the fore)-.1 F .495(ground or started in the background.)-.15 F (The)5.495 E F3(pr)4.245 E -.15(ev)-.37 G .495(ious job).15 F F0 .495 -(may be)3.225 F .788(referenced using)108 585.6 R F1<25ad>3.288 E F0 +(may be)3.225 F .788(referenced using)108 602.4 R F1<25ad>3.288 E F0 5.788(.I)C 3.288(ft)-5.788 G .787(here is only a single job,)-3.288 F F1 (%+)3.287 E F0(and)3.287 E F1<25ad>3.287 E F0 .787 (can both be used to refer to that job)3.287 F 5.787(.I)-.4 G(n)-5.787 E -.256(output pertaining to jobs \(e.g., the output of the)108 597.6 R F1 +.256(output pertaining to jobs \(e.g., the output of the)108 614.4 R F1 (jobs)2.756 E F0 .256(command\), the current job is al)2.756 F -.1(wa) -.1 G .257(ys \215agged with a).1 F F1(+)2.757 E F0(,)A .411 -(and the pre)108 609.6 R .411(vious job with a)-.25 F F12.911 E F0 +(and the pre)108 626.4 R .411(vious job with a)-.25 F F12.911 E F0 5.411(.A)C .411(single % \(with no accompan)-2.5 F .41 (ying job speci\214cation\) also refers to the cur)-.15 F(-)-.2 E -(rent job)108 621.6 Q(.)-.4 E .443 -(Simply naming a job can be used to bring it into the fore)108 638.4 R +(rent job)108 638.4 Q(.)-.4 E .443 +(Simply naming a job can be used to bring it into the fore)108 655.2 R (ground:)-.15 E F1(%1)2.944 E F0 .444(is a synon)2.944 F .444(ym for) -.15 F F1 -.63(``)2.944 G .444(fg %1').63 F(')-.63 E F0 2.944(,b)C (ringing)-2.944 E 1.473(job 1 from the background into the fore)108 -650.4 R 3.973(ground. Similarly)-.15 F(,)-.65 E F1 -.63(``)3.972 G 1.472 +667.2 R 3.973(ground. Similarly)-.15 F(,)-.65 E F1 -.63(``)3.972 G 1.472 (%1 &').63 F(')-.63 E F0 1.472(resumes job 1 in the background,)3.972 F -(equi)108 662.4 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1 -.63(``)2.5 G(bg %1') -.63 E(')-.63 E F0(.)A .13(The shell learns immediately whene)108 679.2 R +(equi)108 679.2 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1 -.63(``)2.5 G(bg %1') +.63 E(')-.63 E F0(.)A .13(The shell learns immediately whene)108 696 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.63(raj).15 G .13(ob changes state.)-2.63 F(Normally) 5.131 E(,)-.65 E F1(bash)2.631 E F0 -.1(wa)2.631 G .131 (its until it is about to print a).1 F .158 -(prompt before reporting changes in a job')108 691.2 R 2.658(ss)-.55 G +(prompt before reporting changes in a job')108 708 R 2.658(ss)-.55 G .158(tatus so as to not interrupt an)-2.658 F 2.657(yo)-.15 G .157 (ther output.)-2.657 F .157(If the)5.157 F F12.657 E F0 .157 -(option to)2.657 F(the)108 703.2 Q F1(set)3.951 E F0 -.2(bu)3.951 G -1.451(iltin command is enabled,).2 F F1(bash)3.951 E F0 1.452 +(option to)2.657 F(the)108 720 Q F1(set)3.951 E F0 -.2(bu)3.951 G 1.451 +(iltin command is enabled,).2 F F1(bash)3.951 E F0 1.452 (reports such changes immediately)3.951 F 6.452(.A)-.65 G 1.752 -.15 -(ny t)-6.452 H 1.452(rap on).15 F F4(SIGCHLD)3.952 E F0(is)3.702 E -.15 -(exe)108 715.2 S(cuted for each child that e).15 E(xits.)-.15 E -(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(32)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +(ny t)-6.452 H 1.452(rap on).15 F F4(SIGCHLD)3.952 E F0(is)3.702 E +(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(32)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 33 33 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E .033(If an attempt to e)108 84 R(xit)-.15 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF +-.35 E -.15(exe)108 84 S(cuted for each child that e).15 E(xits.)-.15 E +.033(If an attempt to e)108 100.8 R(xit)-.15 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF (bash)2.533 E F0 .033(is made while jobs are stopped \(or)2.533 F 2.532 (,i)-.4 G 2.532(ft)-2.532 G(he)-2.532 E F1(checkjobs)2.532 E F0 .032 -(shell option has been enabled)2.532 F 2.019(using the)108 96 R F1 +(shell option has been enabled)2.532 F 2.019(using the)108 112.8 R F1 (shopt)4.519 E F0 -.2(bu)4.519 G 2.019 (iltin, running\), the shell prints a w).2 F 2.02 (arning message, and, if the)-.1 F F1(checkjobs)4.52 E F0 2.02 (option is)4.52 F .459(enabled, lists the jobs and their statuses.)108 -108 R(The)5.459 E F1(jobs)2.959 E F0 .458 +124.8 R(The)5.459 E F1(jobs)2.959 E F0 .458 (command may then be used to inspect their status.)2.958 F .458(If a) -5.458 F .603(second attempt to e)108 120 R .604 +5.458 F .603(second attempt to e)108 136.8 R .604 (xit is made without an interv)-.15 F .604 (ening command, the shell does not print another w)-.15 F(arning,)-.1 E -(and an)108 132 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G(topped jobs are terminated.)-2.5 E/F2 -10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(PR)72 148.8 Q(OMPTING)-.329 E F0 .645(When e)108 -160.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .645(cuting interacti).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 +(and an)108 148.8 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G(topped jobs are terminated.)-2.5 E/F2 +10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(PR)72 165.6 Q(OMPTING)-.329 E F0 .645(When e)108 +177.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .645(cuting interacti).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E(,)-.65 E F1(bash)3.145 E F0 .645(displays the primary prompt)3.145 F /F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(PS1)3.145 E F0 .645 (when it is ready to read a command,)2.895 F 1.825 -(and the secondary prompt)108 172.8 R F3(PS2)4.325 E F0 1.825 +(and the secondary prompt)108 189.6 R F3(PS2)4.325 E F0 1.825 (when it needs more input to complete a command.)4.075 F F1(Bash)6.826 E F0(allo)4.326 E 1.826(ws these)-.25 F 1.499(prompt strings to be custom\ ized by inserting a number of backslash-escaped special characters that\ - are)108 184.8 R(decoded as follo)108 196.8 Q(ws:)-.25 E F1(\\a)144 -208.8 Q F0(an ASCII bell character \(07\))28.22 E F1(\\d)144 220.8 Q F0 + are)108 201.6 R(decoded as follo)108 213.6 Q(ws:)-.25 E F1(\\a)144 +225.6 Q F0(an ASCII bell character \(07\))28.22 E F1(\\d)144 237.6 Q F0 (the date in "W)27.66 E(eekday Month Date" format \(e.g., "T)-.8 E -(ue May 26"\))-.45 E F1(\\D{)144 232.8 Q/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(format) -A F1(})A F0(the)180 244.8 Q F4(format)3.926 E F0 1.426(is passed to) +(ue May 26"\))-.45 E F1(\\D{)144 249.6 Q/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(format) +A F1(})A F0(the)180 261.6 Q F4(format)3.926 E F0 1.426(is passed to) 3.926 F F4(strftime)3.926 E F0 1.427 (\(3\) and the result is inserted into the prompt string; an)B(empty)180 -256.8 Q F4(format)2.5 E F0 +273.6 Q F4(format)2.5 E F0 (results in a locale-speci\214c time representation.)2.5 E -(The braces are required)5 E F1(\\e)144 268.8 Q F0 -(an ASCII escape character \(033\))28.78 E F1(\\h)144 280.8 Q F0 -(the hostname up to the \214rst `.)27.66 E(')-.7 E F1(\\H)144 292.8 Q F0 -(the hostname)25.44 E F1(\\j)144 304.8 Q F0 +(The braces are required)5 E F1(\\e)144 285.6 Q F0 +(an ASCII escape character \(033\))28.78 E F1(\\h)144 297.6 Q F0 +(the hostname up to the \214rst `.)27.66 E(')-.7 E F1(\\H)144 309.6 Q F0 +(the hostname)25.44 E F1(\\j)144 321.6 Q F0 (the number of jobs currently managed by the shell)29.89 E F1(\\l)144 -316.8 Q F0(the basename of the shell')30.44 E 2.5(st)-.55 G(erminal de) --2.5 E(vice name)-.25 E F1(\\n)144 328.8 Q F0(ne)27.66 E(wline)-.25 E F1 -(\\r)144 340.8 Q F0(carriage return)28.78 E F1(\\s)144 352.8 Q F0 +333.6 Q F0(the basename of the shell')30.44 E 2.5(st)-.55 G(erminal de) +-2.5 E(vice name)-.25 E F1(\\n)144 345.6 Q F0(ne)27.66 E(wline)-.25 E F1 +(\\r)144 357.6 Q F0(carriage return)28.78 E F1(\\s)144 369.6 Q F0 (the name of the shell, the basename of)29.33 E F1($0)2.5 E F0 (\(the portion follo)2.5 E(wing the \214nal slash\))-.25 E F1(\\t)144 -364.8 Q F0(the current time in 24-hour HH:MM:SS format)29.89 E F1(\\T) -144 376.8 Q F0(the current time in 12-hour HH:MM:SS format)26.55 E F1 -(\\@)144 388.8 Q F0(the current time in 12-hour am/pm format)23.92 E F1 -(\\A)144 400.8 Q F0(the current time in 24-hour HH:MM format)26 E F1 -(\\u)144 412.8 Q F0(the username of the current user)27.66 E F1(\\v)144 -424.8 Q F0(the v)28.22 E(ersion of)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0 -(\(e.g., 2.00\))2.5 E F1(\\V)144 436.8 Q F0(the release of)26 E F1(bash) +381.6 Q F0(the current time in 24-hour HH:MM:SS format)29.89 E F1(\\T) +144 393.6 Q F0(the current time in 12-hour HH:MM:SS format)26.55 E F1 +(\\@)144 405.6 Q F0(the current time in 12-hour am/pm format)23.92 E F1 +(\\A)144 417.6 Q F0(the current time in 24-hour HH:MM format)26 E F1 +(\\u)144 429.6 Q F0(the username of the current user)27.66 E F1(\\v)144 +441.6 Q F0(the v)28.22 E(ersion of)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0 +(\(e.g., 2.00\))2.5 E F1(\\V)144 453.6 Q F0(the release of)26 E F1(bash) 2.5 E F0 2.5(,v)C(ersion + patch le)-2.65 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l\().15 G -(e.g., 2.00.0\))-2.5 E F1(\\w)144 448.8 Q F0 4.288(the current w)26 F +(e.g., 2.00.0\))-2.5 E F1(\\w)144 465.6 Q F0 4.288(the current w)26 F 4.288(orking directory)-.1 F 6.787(,w)-.65 G(ith)-6.787 E F1($HOME)6.787 E F0(abbre)6.787 E 4.287(viated with a tilde \(uses the)-.25 F F1($PR) -180 460.8 Q(OMPT_DIR)-.3 E(TRIM)-.4 E F0 -.25(va)2.5 G(riable\)).25 E F1 -(\\W)144 472.8 Q F0(the basename of the current w)23.22 E +180 477.6 Q(OMPT_DIR)-.3 E(TRIM)-.4 E F0 -.25(va)2.5 G(riable\)).25 E F1 +(\\W)144 489.6 Q F0(the basename of the current w)23.22 E (orking directory)-.1 E 2.5(,w)-.65 G(ith)-2.5 E F1($HOME)2.5 E F0 -(abbre)2.5 E(viated with a tilde)-.25 E F1(\\!)144 484.8 Q F0 -(the history number of this command)29.89 E F1(\\#)144 496.8 Q F0 -(the command number of this command)28.22 E F1(\\$)144 508.8 Q F0 +(abbre)2.5 E(viated with a tilde)-.25 E F1(\\!)144 501.6 Q F0 +(the history number of this command)29.89 E F1(\\#)144 513.6 Q F0 +(the command number of this command)28.22 E F1(\\$)144 525.6 Q F0 (if the ef)28.22 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve U)-.25 H(ID is 0, a).15 E F1 -(#)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C(therwise a)-2.5 E F1($)2.5 E(\\)144 520.8 Q F4(nnn) +(#)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C(therwise a)-2.5 E F1($)2.5 E(\\)144 537.6 Q F4(nnn) A F0(the character corresponding to the octal number)18.22 E F4(nnn)2.5 -E F1(\\\\)144 532.8 Q F0 2.5(ab)30.44 G(ackslash)-2.5 E F1(\\[)144 544.8 +E F1(\\\\)144 549.6 Q F0 2.5(ab)30.44 G(ackslash)-2.5 E F1(\\[)144 561.6 Q F0(be)29.89 E 1.257(gin a sequence of non-printing characters, which \ could be used to embed a terminal)-.15 F -(control sequence into the prompt)180 556.8 Q F1(\\])144 568.8 Q F0 +(control sequence into the prompt)180 573.6 Q F1(\\])144 585.6 Q F0 (end a sequence of non-printing characters)29.89 E .12 -(The command number and the history number are usually dif)108 585.6 R +(The command number and the history number are usually dif)108 602.4 R .119(ferent: the history number of a command is its)-.25 F 1.585(positi\ on in the history list, which may include commands restored from the hi\ -story \214le \(see)108 597.6 R F3(HIST)4.085 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F0 -(belo)108 609.6 Q .541(w\), while the command number is the position in\ +story \214le \(see)108 614.4 R F3(HIST)4.085 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F0 +(belo)108 626.4 Q .541(w\), while the command number is the position in\ the sequence of commands e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .54 -(cuted during the cur).15 F(-)-.2 E .546(rent shell session.)108 621.6 R +(cuted during the cur).15 F(-)-.2 E .546(rent shell session.)108 638.4 R .546(After the string is decoded, it is e)5.546 F .546 (xpanded via parameter e)-.15 F .546(xpansion, command substitu-)-.15 F -.352(tion, arithmetic e)108 633.6 R .352(xpansion, and quote remo)-.15 F +.352(tion, arithmetic e)108 650.4 R .352(xpansion, and quote remo)-.15 F -.25(va)-.15 G .352(l, subject to the v).25 F .352(alue of the)-.25 F F1 (pr)2.852 E(omptv)-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 .351(shell option \(see the)2.852 -F(description of the)108 645.6 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0(command under)2.5 E +F(description of the)108 662.4 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0(command under)2.5 E F3(SHELL B)2.5 E(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).) --.25 E F2(READLINE)72 662.4 Q F0 .15 +-.25 E F2(READLINE)72 679.2 Q F0 .15 (This is the library that handles reading input when using an interacti) -108 674.4 R .451 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .151(hell, unless the).15 F F1 -(\255\255noediting)2.651 E F0(option)2.651 E 1.209(is gi)108 686.4 R +108 691.2 R .451 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .151(hell, unless the).15 F F1 +(\255\255noediting)2.651 E F0(option)2.651 E 1.209(is gi)108 703.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.709(na).15 G 3.709(ts)-3.709 G 1.209(hell in)-3.709 F -.2(vo)-.4 G 3.709(cation. Line).2 F 1.208 (editing is also used when using the)3.709 F F13.708 E F0 1.208 (option to the)3.708 F F1 -.18(re)3.708 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.708 G -3.708(iltin. By).2 F(def)108 698.4 Q .949 +3.708(iltin. By).2 F(def)108 715.2 Q .949 (ault, the line editing commands are similar to those of emacs.)-.1 F 3.45(Av)5.95 G .95(i-style line editing interf)-3.45 F .95(ace is also) --.1 F -.2(av)108 710.4 S 3.35(ailable. Line)-.05 F .85 +-.1 F -.2(av)108 727.2 S 3.35(ailable. Line)-.05 F .85 (editing can be enabled at an)3.35 F 3.35(yt)-.15 G .85(ime using the) -3.35 F F1 .85(\255o emacs)3.35 F F0(or)3.35 E F1 .85(\255o vi)3.35 F F0 .85(options to the)3.35 F F1(set)3.35 E F0 -.2(bu)3.35 G(iltin).2 E -(\(see)108 722.4 Q F3 .762(SHELL B)3.262 F(UIL)-.09 E .762(TIN COMMANDS) --.828 F F0(belo)3.012 E 3.262(w\). T)-.25 F 3.263(ot)-.8 G .763(urn of) --3.263 F 3.263(fl)-.25 G .763 -(ine editing after the shell is running, use the)-3.263 F F1(+o)3.263 E -F0(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(33)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(33)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 34 34 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(emacs)108 84 Q F0(or)2.5 E F1(+o vi)2.5 E -F0(options to the)2.5 E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1 -(Readline Notation)87 100.8 Q F0 .568 -(In this section, the emacs-style notation is used to denote k)108 112.8 +-.35 E(\(see)108 84 Q/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .762(SHELL B)3.262 F(UIL)-.09 +E .762(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.012 E 3.262(w\). T)-.25 F 3.263 +(ot)-.8 G .763(urn of)-3.263 F 3.263(fl)-.25 G .763 +(ine editing after the shell is running, use the)-3.263 F/F2 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(+o)3.263 E(emacs)108 96 Q F0(or)2.5 E F2(+o vi)2.5 E F0 +(options to the)2.5 E F2(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F2 +(Readline Notation)87 112.8 Q F0 .568 +(In this section, the emacs-style notation is used to denote k)108 124.8 R -.15(ey)-.1 G(strok).15 E 3.067(es. Control)-.1 F -.1(ke)3.067 G .567 -(ys are denoted by C\255)-.05 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.1(ke)C(y)-.2 E -F0(,)A 1.152(e.g., C\255n means Control\255N.)108 124.8 R(Similarly) -6.152 E(,)-.65 E F2(meta)4.032 E F0 -.1(ke)3.913 G 1.153 -(ys are denoted by M\255)-.05 F F2 -.1(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0 3.653(,s)C 3.653 +(ys are denoted by C\255)-.05 F/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.1(ke)C(y)-.2 E +F0(,)A 1.152(e.g., C\255n means Control\255N.)108 136.8 R(Similarly) +6.152 E(,)-.65 E F3(meta)4.032 E F0 -.1(ke)3.913 G 1.153 +(ys are denoted by M\255)-.05 F F3 -.1(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0 3.653(,s)C 3.653 (oM)-3.653 G 1.153(\255x means Meta\255X.)-3.653 F(\(On)6.153 E -.1(ke) -108 136.8 S .831(yboards without a)-.05 F F2(meta)3.711 E F0 -.1(ke) -3.591 G 2.131 -.65(y, M)-.05 H.65 E F2(x)A F0 .831(means ESC)3.331 F -F2(x)3.331 E F0 3.331(,i)C .83(.e., press the Escape k)-3.331 F 1.13 --.15(ey t)-.1 H .83(hen the).15 F F2(x)4.1 E F0 -.1(ke)3.86 G 4.63 -.65 -(y. T)-.05 H .83(his mak).65 F(es)-.1 E .599(ESC the)108 148.8 R F2 .599 +108 148.8 S .831(yboards without a)-.05 F F3(meta)3.711 E F0 -.1(ke) +3.591 G 2.131 -.65(y, M)-.05 H.65 E F3(x)A F0 .831(means ESC)3.331 F +F3(x)3.331 E F0 3.331(,i)C .83(.e., press the Escape k)-3.331 F 1.13 +-.15(ey t)-.1 H .83(hen the).15 F F3(x)4.1 E F0 -.1(ke)3.86 G 4.63 -.65 +(y. T)-.05 H .83(his mak).65 F(es)-.1 E .599(ESC the)108 160.8 R F3 .599 (meta pr)3.099 F(e\214x)-.37 E F0 5.599(.T)C .599 -(he combination M\255C\255)-5.599 F F2(x)A F0 .599 -(means ESC\255Control\255)3.099 F F2(x)A F0 3.099(,o)C 3.099(rp)-3.099 G +(he combination M\255C\255)-5.599 F F3(x)A F0 .599 +(means ESC\255Control\255)3.099 F F3(x)A F0 3.099(,o)C 3.099(rp)-3.099 G .6(ress the Escape k)-3.099 F .9 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .6(hen hold).15 F -(the Control k)108 160.8 Q .3 -.15(ey w)-.1 H(hile pressing the).15 E F2 +(the Control k)108 172.8 Q .3 -.15(ey w)-.1 H(hile pressing the).15 E F3 (x)3.27 E F0 -.1(ke)3.03 G -.65(y.)-.05 G(\)).65 E .62 -(Readline commands may be gi)108 177.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.119(nn).15 G -(umeric)-3.119 E F2(ar)3.119 E(guments)-.37 E F0 3.119(,w).27 G .619 +(Readline commands may be gi)108 189.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.119(nn).15 G +(umeric)-3.119 E F3(ar)3.119 E(guments)-.37 E F0 3.119(,w).27 G .619 (hich normally act as a repeat count.)-3.119 F(Sometimes,)5.619 E(ho)108 -189.6 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.418 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.118(ti).4 G +201.6 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.418 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.118(ti).4 G 3.119(st)-3.118 G .619(he sign of the ar)-3.119 F .619 (gument that is signi\214cant.)-.18 F -.15(Pa)5.619 G .619(ssing a ne) .15 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .919 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G .619 -(ument to a command that).18 F 1.019(acts in the forw)108 201.6 R 1.018 -(ard direction \(e.g.,)-.1 F F1(kill\255line)3.518 E F0 3.518(\)c)C +(ument to a command that).18 F 1.019(acts in the forw)108 213.6 R 1.018 +(ard direction \(e.g.,)-.1 F F2(kill\255line)3.518 E F0 3.518(\)c)C 1.018(auses that command to act in a backw)-3.518 F 1.018 -(ard direction.)-.1 F(Com-)6.018 E(mands whose beha)108 213.6 Q +(ard direction.)-.1 F(Com-)6.018 E(mands whose beha)108 225.6 Q (vior with ar)-.2 E(guments de)-.18 E(viates from this are noted belo) --.25 E -.65(w.)-.25 G .811(When a command is described as)108 230.4 R F2 +-.25 E -.65(w.)-.25 G .811(When a command is described as)108 242.4 R F3 (killing)3.311 E F0(te)3.311 E .811(xt, the te)-.15 F .811 (xt deleted is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.311(df).15 G .812 -(or possible future retrie)-3.311 F -.25(va)-.25 G 3.312(l\().25 G F2 -(yank-)-3.312 E(ing)108 242.4 Q F0 2.529(\). The)B .029(killed te)2.529 -F .029(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.529(di).15 G 2.529(na)-2.529 G F2 +(or possible future retrie)-3.311 F -.25(va)-.25 G 3.312(l\().25 G F3 +(yank-)-3.312 E(ing)108 254.4 Q F0 2.529(\). The)B .029(killed te)2.529 +F .029(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.529(di).15 G 2.529(na)-2.529 G F3 .029(kill ring)B F0 5.029(.C)C(onsecuti)-5.029 E .329 -.15(ve k)-.25 H .029(ills cause the te).15 F .029(xt to be accumulated into one unit,) --.15 F .567(which can be yank)108 254.4 R .567(ed all at once.)-.1 F +-.15 F .567(which can be yank)108 266.4 R .567(ed all at once.)-.1 F .567(Commands which do not kill te)5.567 F .567 (xt separate the chunks of te)-.15 F .567(xt on the kill)-.15 F(ring.) -108 266.4 Q F1(Readline Initialization)87 283.2 Q F0 .091(Readline is c\ +108 278.4 Q F2(Readline Initialization)87 295.2 Q F0 .091(Readline is c\ ustomized by putting commands in an initialization \214le \(the)108 -295.2 R F2(inputr)2.591 E(c)-.37 E F0 2.591(\214le\). The)2.591 F .091 -(name of this \214le)2.591 F .196(is tak)108 307.2 R .196(en from the v) --.1 F .196(alue of the)-.25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(INPUTRC)2.696 E F0 --.25(va)2.446 G 2.696(riable. If).25 F .196(that v)2.696 F .196 -(ariable is unset, the def)-.25 F .196(ault is)-.1 F F2(~/.inputr)2.696 +307.2 R F3(inputr)2.591 E(c)-.37 E F0 2.591(\214le\). The)2.591 F .091 +(name of this \214le)2.591 F .196(is tak)108 319.2 R .196(en from the v) +-.1 F .196(alue of the)-.25 F F1(INPUTRC)2.696 E F0 -.25(va)2.446 G +2.696(riable. If).25 F .196(that v)2.696 F .196 +(ariable is unset, the def)-.25 F .196(ault is)-.1 F F3(~/.inputr)2.696 E(c)-.37 E F0 5.196(.W).31 G .197(hen a)-5.196 F 1.034(program which us\ es the readline library starts up, the initialization \214le is read, a\ -nd the k)108 319.2 R 1.334 -.15(ey b)-.1 H 1.034(indings and).15 F -.25 -(va)108 331.2 S 1.149(riables are set.).25 F 1.149(There are only a fe) +nd the k)108 331.2 R 1.334 -.15(ey b)-.1 H 1.034(indings and).15 F -.25 +(va)108 343.2 S 1.149(riables are set.).25 F 1.149(There are only a fe) 6.149 F 3.649(wb)-.25 G 1.149(asic constructs allo)-3.649 F 1.15 (wed in the readline initialization \214le.)-.25 F(Blank)6.15 E .737 -(lines are ignored.)108 343.2 R .737(Lines be)5.737 F .737 -(ginning with a)-.15 F F1(#)3.237 E F0 .737(are comments.)3.237 F .737 -(Lines be)5.737 F .737(ginning with a)-.15 F F1($)3.237 E F0 .736 -(indicate conditional)3.236 F 2.5(constructs. Other)108 355.2 R +(lines are ignored.)108 355.2 R .737(Lines be)5.737 F .737 +(ginning with a)-.15 F F2(#)3.237 E F0 .737(are comments.)3.237 F .737 +(Lines be)5.737 F .737(ginning with a)-.15 F F2($)3.237 E F0 .736 +(indicate conditional)3.236 F 2.5(constructs. Other)108 367.2 R (lines denote k)2.5 E .3 -.15(ey b)-.1 H(indings and v).15 E -(ariable settings.)-.25 E .986(The def)108 372 R .986(ault k)-.1 F -.15 -(ey)-.1 G .987(-bindings may be changed with an).15 F F2(inputr)3.497 E +(ariable settings.)-.25 E .986(The def)108 384 R .986(ault k)-.1 F -.15 +(ey)-.1 G .987(-bindings may be changed with an).15 F F3(inputr)3.497 E (c)-.37 E F0 3.487(\214le. Other)3.797 F .987 -(programs that use this library may)3.487 F(add their o)108 384 Q -(wn commands and bindings.)-.25 E -.15(Fo)108 400.8 S 2.5(re).15 G -(xample, placing)-2.65 E(M\255Control\255u: uni)144 417.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 -G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E(or)108 429.6 Q(C\255Meta\255u: uni)144 -441.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E(into the)108 453.6 -Q F2(inputr)2.51 E(c)-.37 E F0 -.1(wo)2.81 G(uld mak).1 E 2.5(eM)-.1 G -(\255C\255u e)-2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cute the readline command).15 E F2 +(programs that use this library may)3.487 F(add their o)108 396 Q +(wn commands and bindings.)-.25 E -.15(Fo)108 412.8 S 2.5(re).15 G +(xample, placing)-2.65 E(M\255Control\255u: uni)144 429.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 +G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E(or)108 441.6 Q(C\255Meta\255u: uni)144 +453.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E(into the)108 465.6 +Q F3(inputr)2.51 E(c)-.37 E F0 -.1(wo)2.81 G(uld mak).1 E 2.5(eM)-.1 G +(\255C\255u e)-2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cute the readline command).15 E F3 (univer)2.5 E(sal\255ar)-.1 E(gument)-.37 E F0(.).68 E 1.261(The follo) -108 470.4 R 1.261(wing symbolic character names are recognized:)-.25 F -F2 -.4(RU)3.761 G(BOUT).4 E F0(,)1.27 E F2(DEL)3.761 E F0(,).53 E F2 -(ESC)3.761 E F0(,).72 E F2(LFD)3.761 E F0(,).28 E F2(NEWLINE)3.76 E F0 -(,).73 E F2(RET)3.76 E F0(,)1.27 E F2(RETURN)108 482.4 Q F0(,)1.1 E F2 -(SPC)2.5 E F0(,).72 E F2(SP)2.5 E -.3(AC)-.9 G(E).3 E F0 2.5(,a).73 G -(nd)-2.5 E F2 -.5(TA)2.5 G(B).5 E F0(.).27 E .209 -(In addition to command names, readline allo)108 499.2 R .209(ws k)-.25 +108 482.4 R 1.261(wing symbolic character names are recognized:)-.25 F +F3 -.4(RU)3.761 G(BOUT).4 E F0(,)1.27 E F3(DEL)3.761 E F0(,).53 E F3 +(ESC)3.761 E F0(,).72 E F3(LFD)3.761 E F0(,).28 E F3(NEWLINE)3.76 E F0 +(,).73 E F3(RET)3.76 E F0(,)1.27 E F3(RETURN)108 494.4 Q F0(,)1.1 E F3 +(SPC)2.5 E F0(,).72 E F3(SP)2.5 E -.3(AC)-.9 G(E).3 E F0 2.5(,a).73 G +(nd)-2.5 E F3 -.5(TA)2.5 G(B).5 E F0(.).27 E .209 +(In addition to command names, readline allo)108 511.2 R .209(ws k)-.25 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.709(st).15 G 2.709(ob)-2.709 G 2.709(eb)-2.709 G .209 (ound to a string that is inserted when the k)-2.709 F .509 -.15(ey i) --.1 H(s).15 E(pressed \(a)108 511.2 Q F2(macr)2.5 E(o)-.45 E F0(\).)A F1 -(Readline K)87 528 Q(ey Bindings)-.25 E F0 .366 -(The syntax for controlling k)108 540 R .666 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .366 -(indings in the).15 F F2(inputr)2.876 E(c)-.37 E F0 .366 +-.1 H(s).15 E(pressed \(a)108 523.2 Q F3(macr)2.5 E(o)-.45 E F0(\).)A F2 +(Readline K)87 540 Q(ey Bindings)-.25 E F0 .366 +(The syntax for controlling k)108 552 R .666 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .366 +(indings in the).15 F F3(inputr)2.876 E(c)-.37 E F0 .366 (\214le is simple.)3.176 F .366(All that is required is the name of the) -5.366 F .382(command or the te)108 552 R .383(xt of a macro and a k)-.15 +5.366 F .382(command or the te)108 564 R .383(xt of a macro and a k)-.15 F .683 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .383 (equence to which it should be bound. The name may be speci-).15 F .853 -(\214ed in one of tw)108 564 R 3.353(ow)-.1 G .853(ays: as a symbolic k) --3.453 F 1.153 -.15(ey n)-.1 H .853(ame, possibly with).15 F F2 -(Meta\255)3.353 E F0(or)3.353 E F2(Contr)3.353 E(ol\255)-.45 E F0 +(\214ed in one of tw)108 576 R 3.353(ow)-.1 G .853(ays: as a symbolic k) +-3.453 F 1.153 -.15(ey n)-.1 H .853(ame, possibly with).15 F F3 +(Meta\255)3.353 E F0(or)3.353 E F3(Contr)3.353 E(ol\255)-.45 E F0 (pre\214x)3.353 E .853(es, or as a k)-.15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G(sequence.)108 -576 Q 1.541(When using the form)108 592.8 R F1 -.1(ke)4.041 G(yname).1 E -F0(:)A F2(function\255name).833 E F0(or)4.041 E F2(macr)4.042 E(o)-.45 E -F0(,)A F2 -.1(ke)4.042 G(yname)-.2 E F0 1.542(is the name of a k)4.222 F -1.842 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 1.542(pelled out in).15 F 2.5(English. F)108 604.8 -R(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E(Control-u: uni)144 628.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G -(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E(Meta-Rubout: backw)144 640.8 Q -(ard-kill-w)-.1 E(ord)-.1 E(Control-o: "> output")144 652.8 Q .699 -(In the abo)108 669.6 R .998 -.15(ve ex)-.15 H(ample,).15 E F2(C\255u) -3.038 E F0 .698(is bound to the function)3.448 F F1(uni)3.198 E -.1(ve) --.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(,)A F2(M\255DEL)3.878 E F0 .698 -(is bound to the func-)3.728 F(tion)108 681.6 Q F1 -(backward\255kill\255w)2.758 E(ord)-.1 E F0 2.758(,a)C(nd)-2.758 E F2 +588 Q 1.541(When using the form)108 604.8 R F2 -.1(ke)4.041 G(yname).1 E +F0(:)A F3(function\255name).833 E F0(or)4.041 E F3(macr)4.042 E(o)-.45 E +F0(,)A F3 -.1(ke)4.042 G(yname)-.2 E F0 1.542(is the name of a k)4.222 F +1.842 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 1.542(pelled out in).15 F 2.5(English. F)108 616.8 +R(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E(Control-u: uni)144 640.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G +(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E(Meta-Rubout: backw)144 652.8 Q +(ard-kill-w)-.1 E(ord)-.1 E(Control-o: "> output")144 664.8 Q .699 +(In the abo)108 681.6 R .998 -.15(ve ex)-.15 H(ample,).15 E F3(C\255u) +3.038 E F0 .698(is bound to the function)3.448 F F2(uni)3.198 E -.1(ve) +-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(,)A F3(M\255DEL)3.878 E F0 .698 +(is bound to the func-)3.728 F(tion)108 693.6 Q F2 +(backward\255kill\255w)2.758 E(ord)-.1 E F0 2.758(,a)C(nd)-2.758 E F3 (C\255o)2.598 E F0 .258(is bound to run the macro e)2.938 F .259 (xpressed on the right hand side \(that is, to)-.15 F(insert the te)108 -693.6 Q(xt)-.15 E/F4 10/Courier@0 SF 6(>o)2.5 G(utput)-6 E F0 -(into the line\).)2.5 E .056(In the second form,)108 710.4 R F1("k)2.556 -E(eyseq")-.1 E F0(:)A F2(function\255name).833 E F0(or)2.556 E F2(macr) -2.556 E(o)-.45 E F0(,)A F1 -.1(ke)2.556 G(yseq).1 E F0(dif)2.555 E .055 -(fers from)-.25 F F1 -.1(ke)2.555 G(yname).1 E F0(abo)2.555 E .355 -.15 -(ve i)-.15 H 2.555(nt).15 G .055(hat strings)-2.555 F 1.284 -(denoting an entire k)108 722.4 R 1.584 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 1.284(equence m\ -ay be speci\214ed by placing the sequence within double quotes.).15 F -(Some)6.284 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(34)190.395 -E 0 Cg EP +705.6 Q(xt)-.15 E/F4 10/Courier@0 SF 6(>o)2.5 G(utput)-6 E F0 +(into the line\).)2.5 E .056(In the second form,)108 722.4 R F2("k)2.556 +E(eyseq")-.1 E F0(:)A F3(function\255name).833 E F0(or)2.556 E F3(macr) +2.556 E(o)-.45 E F0(,)A F2 -.1(ke)2.556 G(yseq).1 E F0(dif)2.555 E .055 +(fers from)-.25 F F2 -.1(ke)2.555 G(yname).1 E F0(abo)2.555 E .355 -.15 +(ve i)-.15 H 2.555(nt).15 G .055(hat strings)-2.555 F(GNU Bash-4.1)72 +768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(34)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 35 35 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E .386(GNU Emacs style k)108 84 R .686 -.15(ey e)-.1 H .385 -(scapes can be used, as in the follo).15 F .385(wing e)-.25 F .385 +-.35 E 1.284(denoting an entire k)108 84 R 1.584 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 1.284(\ +equence may be speci\214ed by placing the sequence within double quotes\ +.).15 F(Some)6.284 E .386(GNU Emacs style k)108 96 R .686 -.15(ey e)-.1 +H .385(scapes can be used, as in the follo).15 F .385(wing e)-.25 F .385 (xample, b)-.15 F .385(ut the symbolic character names)-.2 F -(are not recognized.)108 96 Q("\\C\255u": uni)144 120 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G +(are not recognized.)108 108 Q("\\C\255u": uni)144 132 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G (rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E -("\\C\255x\\C\255r": re\255read\255init\255\214le)144 132 Q -("\\e[11~": "Function K)144 144 Q .3 -.15(ey 1)-.25 H(").15 E .314 -(In this e)108 160.8 R(xample,)-.15 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(C\255u) +("\\C\255x\\C\255r": re\255read\255init\255\214le)144 144 Q +("\\e[11~": "Function K)144 156 Q .3 -.15(ey 1)-.25 H(").15 E .314 +(In this e)108 172.8 R(xample,)-.15 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(C\255u) 2.654 E F0 .314(is ag)3.064 F .315(ain bound to the function)-.05 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(uni)2.815 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(.)A F1 .315(C\255x C\255r)5.155 F F0 .315(is bound to the func-)3.545 -F(tion)108 172.8 Q F2 -.18(re)2.5 G.18 E(ead\255init\255\214le) +F(tion)108 184.8 Q F2 -.18(re)2.5 G.18 E(ead\255init\255\214le) -.18 E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd)-2.5 E F1(ESC [ 1 1 ~)3.01 E F0 (is bound to insert the te)3.94 E(xt)-.15 E/F3 10/Courier@0 SF (Function Key 1)2.5 E F0(.)A -(The full set of GNU Emacs style escape sequences is)108 189.6 Q F2 -<5c43ad>144 201.6 Q F0(control pre\214x)20.3 E F2<5c4dad>144 213.6 Q F0 -(meta pre\214x)18.08 E F2(\\e)144 225.6 Q F0(an escape character)28.78 E -F2(\\\\)144 237.6 Q F0(backslash)30.44 E F2(\\")144 249.6 Q F0 -(literal ")27.67 E F2<5c08>144 261.6 Q F0(literal \010)30.44 E(In addit\ +(The full set of GNU Emacs style escape sequences is)108 201.6 Q F2 +<5c43ad>144 213.6 Q F0(control pre\214x)20.3 E F2<5c4dad>144 225.6 Q F0 +(meta pre\214x)18.08 E F2(\\e)144 237.6 Q F0(an escape character)28.78 E +F2(\\\\)144 249.6 Q F0(backslash)30.44 E F2(\\")144 261.6 Q F0 +(literal ")27.67 E F2<5c08>144 273.6 Q F0(literal \010)30.44 E(In addit\ ion to the GNU Emacs style escape sequences, a second set of backslash \ -escapes is a)108 278.4 Q -.25(va)-.2 G(ilable:).25 E F2(\\a)144 290.4 Q -F0(alert \(bell\))28.22 E F2(\\b)144 302.4 Q F0(backspace)27.66 E F2 -(\\d)144 314.4 Q F0(delete)27.66 E F2(\\f)144 326.4 Q F0(form feed)29.89 -E F2(\\n)144 338.4 Q F0(ne)27.66 E(wline)-.25 E F2(\\r)144 350.4 Q F0 -(carriage return)28.78 E F2(\\t)144 362.4 Q F0(horizontal tab)29.89 E F2 -(\\v)144 374.4 Q F0 -.15(ve)28.22 G(rtical tab).15 E F2(\\)144 386.4 Q +escapes is a)108 290.4 Q -.25(va)-.2 G(ilable:).25 E F2(\\a)144 302.4 Q +F0(alert \(bell\))28.22 E F2(\\b)144 314.4 Q F0(backspace)27.66 E F2 +(\\d)144 326.4 Q F0(delete)27.66 E F2(\\f)144 338.4 Q F0(form feed)29.89 +E F2(\\n)144 350.4 Q F0(ne)27.66 E(wline)-.25 E F2(\\r)144 362.4 Q F0 +(carriage return)28.78 E F2(\\t)144 374.4 Q F0(horizontal tab)29.89 E F2 +(\\v)144 386.4 Q F0 -.15(ve)28.22 G(rtical tab).15 E F2(\\)144 398.4 Q F1(nnn)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)18.22 E(alue is the octal v) -.25 E(alue)-.25 E F1(nnn)2.5 E F0(\(one to three digits\))2.5 E F2(\\x) -144 398.4 Q F1(HH)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)13.78 E +144 410.4 Q F1(HH)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)13.78 E (alue is the he)-.25 E(xadecimal v)-.15 E(alue)-.25 E F1(HH)2.5 E F0 (\(one or tw)2.5 E 2.5(oh)-.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E 1.142 -(When entering the te)108 415.2 R 1.141(xt of a macro, single or double\ +(When entering the te)108 427.2 R 1.141(xt of a macro, single or double\ quotes must be used to indicate a macro de\214nition.)-.15 F .089 -(Unquoted te)108 427.2 R .089(xt is assumed to be a function name.)-.15 +(Unquoted te)108 439.2 R .089(xt is assumed to be a function name.)-.15 F .09(In the macro body)5.089 F 2.59(,t)-.65 G .09 (he backslash escapes described abo)-2.59 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(are e)108 -439.2 Q 2.5(xpanded. Backslash)-.15 F(will quote an)2.5 E 2.5(yo)-.15 G +451.2 Q 2.5(xpanded. Backslash)-.15 F(will quote an)2.5 E 2.5(yo)-.15 G (ther character in the macro te)-2.5 E(xt, including " and \010.)-.15 E -F2(Bash)108 456 Q F0(allo)2.93 E .43(ws the current readline k)-.25 F +F2(Bash)108 468 Q F0(allo)2.93 E .43(ws the current readline k)-.25 F .73 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .429(indings to be displayed or modi\214ed with the) .15 F F2(bind)2.929 E F0 -.2(bu)2.929 G .429(iltin command.).2 F .045 -(The editing mode may be switched during interacti)108 468 R .345 -.15 +(The editing mode may be switched during interacti)108 480 R .345 -.15 (ve u)-.25 H .046(se by using the).15 F F22.546 E F0 .046 (option to the)2.546 F F2(set)2.546 E F0 -.2(bu)2.546 G .046 -(iltin command).2 F(\(see)108 480 Q/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)2.5 E +(iltin command).2 F(\(see)108 492 Q/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)2.5 E (UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F2 -(Readline V)87 496.8 Q(ariables)-.92 E F0 .044(Readline has v)108 508.8 +(Readline V)87 508.8 Q(ariables)-.92 E F0 .044(Readline has v)108 520.8 R .043(ariables that can be used to further customize its beha)-.25 F (vior)-.2 E 5.043(.A)-.55 G -.25(va)-2.5 G .043 -(riable may be set in the).25 F F1(inpu-)2.553 E(tr)108 520.8 Q(c)-.37 E -F0(\214le with a statement of the form)2.81 E F2(set)144 537.6 Q F1 +(riable may be set in the).25 F F1(inpu-)2.553 E(tr)108 532.8 Q(c)-.37 E +F0(\214le with a statement of the form)2.81 E F2(set)144 549.6 Q F1 (variable\255name value)2.5 E F0 .79(Except where noted, readline v)108 -554.4 R .79(ariables can tak)-.25 F 3.29(et)-.1 G .79(he v)-3.29 F +566.4 R .79(ariables can tak)-.25 F 3.29(et)-.1 G .79(he v)-3.29 F (alues)-.25 E F2(On)3.29 E F0(or)3.29 E F2(Off)3.29 E F0 .79 (\(without re)3.29 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .79(rd to case\).).05 F(Unrecog-) -5.79 E .449(nized v)108 566.4 R .448(ariable names are ignored.)-.25 F +5.79 E .449(nized v)108 578.4 R .448(ariable names are ignored.)-.25 F .448(When a v)5.448 F .448(ariable v)-.25 F .448 (alue is read, empty or null v)-.25 F .448(alues, "on" \(case-insensi-) --.25 F(ti)108 578.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .467(\), and "1" are equi).15 F +-.25 F(ti)108 590.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .467(\), and "1" are equi).15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .468(lent to).25 F F2(On)2.968 E F0 5.468(.A)C .468 (ll other v)-5.468 F .468(alues are equi)-.25 F -.25(va)-.25 G .468 (lent to).25 F F2(Off)2.968 E F0 5.468(.T)C .468(he v)-5.468 F .468 -(ariables and their def)-.25 F(ault)-.1 E -.25(va)108 590.4 S(lues are:) -.25 E F2(bell\255style \(audible\))108 607.2 Q F0 .011 -(Controls what happens when readline w)144 619.2 R .011 +(ariables and their def)-.25 F(ault)-.1 E -.25(va)108 602.4 S(lues are:) +.25 E F2(bell\255style \(audible\))108 619.2 Q F0 .011 +(Controls what happens when readline w)144 631.2 R .011 (ants to ring the terminal bell.)-.1 F .01(If set to)5.01 F F2(none)2.51 E F0 2.51(,r)C .01(eadline ne)-2.51 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E .94 -(rings the bell.)144 631.2 R .94(If set to)5.94 F F2(visible)3.44 E F0 +(rings the bell.)144 643.2 R .94(If set to)5.94 F F2(visible)3.44 E F0 3.44(,r)C .94(eadline uses a visible bell if one is a)-3.44 F -.25(va) -.2 G 3.44(ilable. If).25 F .94(set to)3.44 F F2(audible)3.44 E F0(,)A -(readline attempts to ring the terminal')144 643.2 Q 2.5(sb)-.55 G(ell.) --2.5 E F2(bind\255tty\255special\255chars \(On\))108 655.2 Q F0 .056 -(If set to)144 667.2 R F2(On)2.556 E F0 2.556(,r)C .056(eadline attempt\ +(readline attempts to ring the terminal')144 655.2 Q 2.5(sb)-.55 G(ell.) +-2.5 E F2(bind\255tty\255special\255chars \(On\))108 667.2 Q F0 .056 +(If set to)144 679.2 R F2(On)2.556 E F0 2.556(,r)C .056(eadline attempt\ s to bind the control characters treated specially by the k)-2.556 F -(ernel')-.1 E 2.555(st)-.55 G(ermi-)-2.555 E(nal dri)144 679.2 Q -.15 +(ernel')-.1 E 2.555(st)-.55 G(ermi-)-2.555 E(nal dri)144 691.2 Q -.15 (ve)-.25 G 2.5(rt).15 G 2.5(ot)-2.5 G(heir readline equi)-2.5 E -.25(va) --.25 G(lents.).25 E F2(comment\255begin \(`)108 691.2 Q(`#')-.63 E('\)) --.63 E F0 .884(The string that is inserted when the readline)144 703.2 R +-.25 G(lents.).25 E F2(comment\255begin \(`)108 703.2 Q(`#')-.63 E('\)) +-.63 E F0 .884(The string that is inserted when the readline)144 715.2 R F2(insert\255comment)3.385 E F0 .885(command is e)3.385 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -3.385(cuted. This).15 F(com-)3.385 E(mand is bound to)144 715.2 Q F2 +3.385(cuted. This).15 F(com-)3.385 E(mand is bound to)144 727.2 Q F2 (M\255#)2.5 E F0(in emacs mode and to)2.5 E F2(#)2.5 E F0 -(in vi command mode.)2.5 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 -E(35)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +(in vi command mode.)2.5 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23) +135.965 E(35)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 36 36 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -4437,7 +4435,7 @@ R -.15(ey)-.1 G 4.521(map. The).15 F 2.021(set of v)4.521 F 2.021 (nd)-2.568 E F2(vi\255insert)2.568 E F0(.).68 E F2(vi)5.068 E F0 .068 (is equi)2.568 F -.25(va)-.25 G .068(lent to).25 F F2(vi\255command) 2.568 E F0(;)A F2(emacs)2.568 E F0(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q -(2009 October 16)140.405 E(36)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +(2009 December 23)135.965 E(36)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 37 37 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -4540,7 +4538,7 @@ F2 .565(set k)3.065 F(eymap)-.1 E F0 .565(command, for instance, to) 3.065 F .735(set bindings in the)180 722.4 R F1(emacs\255standar)3.235 E (d)-.37 E F0(and)3.235 E F1(emacs\255ctlx)3.235 E F0 -.1(ke)3.235 G .735 (ymaps only if readline is starting)-.05 F(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q -(2009 October 16)140.405 E(37)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +(2009 December 23)135.965 E(37)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 38 38 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -4640,7 +4638,7 @@ F0 .911(refers to a cursor position sa)3.411 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.411(db) (command. The)2.5 F(te)2.5 E (xt between the point and mark is referred to as the)-.15 E F2 -.37(re) 2.5 G(gion)-.03 E F0(.)A F1(Commands f)87 705.6 Q(or Mo)-.25 E(ving)-.1 -E F0(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(38)190.395 E 0 Cg +E F0(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(38)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 39 39 %%BeginPageSetup @@ -4717,7 +4715,7 @@ a non-incremental search for a string supplied by the)-.1 F(user)144 -.25 E F0 .248(Search forw)144 700.8 R .249(ard through the history for\ the string of characters between the start of the current line)-.1 F (and the point.)144 712.8 Q(This is a non-incremental search.)5 E -(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(39)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(39)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 40 40 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -4816,7 +4814,7 @@ G .779(nsert characters lik)-3.279 F(e)-.1 E F1(C\255q)3.278 E F0 3.278 (,f)C(or)-3.278 E -.15(ex)144 676.8 S(ample.).15 E F1 (tab\255insert \(C\255v T)108 688.8 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 (Insert a tab character)144 700.8 Q(.)-.55 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q -(2009 October 16)140.405 E(40)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +(2009 December 23)135.965 E(40)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 41 41 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -4911,7 +4909,7 @@ F 5.365(.T)-.65 G .365(he killed te)-5.365 F .365(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15 (xt is sa)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(do).15 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G(he kill-ring.) -2.5 E F1(delete\255horizontal\255space \(M\255\\\))108 700.8 Q F0 (Delete all spaces and tabs around point.)144 712.8 Q(GNU Bash-4.1)72 -768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(41)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(41)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 42 42 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -5012,8 +5010,8 @@ F1(delete\255char\255or\255list)108 657.6 Q F0 .234 (his command is unbound)-5.425 F(by def)144 693.6 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1 (complete\255\214lename \(M\255/\))108 705.6 Q F0 (Attempt \214lename completion on the te)144 717.6 Q(xt before point.) --.15 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(42)190.395 E 0 Cg -EP +-.15 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(42)185.955 E 0 +Cg EP %%Page: 43 43 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -5101,7 +5099,7 @@ C(..\))-2.5 E F0 1.756(If the meta\214ed character)144 633.6 R F2(x) F 3.595(ee)-.1 G -.15(xe)-3.745 G 1.095(cuting the).15 F F1(undo)3.595 E F0 1.095(command enough times to)3.595 F (return the line to its initial state.)144 729.6 Q(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q -(2009 October 16)140.405 E(43)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +(2009 December 23)135.965 E(43)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 44 44 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -5207,8 +5205,8 @@ F2(compspec)108 724.8 Q F0 3.829(\)h)C 1.329 (as been de\214ned using the)-3.829 F F1(complete)3.829 E F0 -.2(bu) 3.829 G 1.329(iltin \(see).2 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.329(SHELL B)3.829 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.329(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.579 E 1.328(w\), the) --.25 F(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(44)190.395 E 0 Cg -EP +-.25 F(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(44)185.955 E 0 +Cg EP %%Page: 45 45 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -5345,7 +5343,7 @@ F(pletion is attempted and an)108 705.6 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G (By def)108 722.4 R .56(ault, if a compspec is found, whate)-.1 F -.15 (ve)-.25 G 3.06(ri).15 G 3.06(tg)-3.06 G .559 (enerates is returned to the completion code as the full set)-3.06 F -(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(45)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(45)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 46 46 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -5475,7 +5473,7 @@ E(OL)-.27 E F0(and)3.736 E F5(HISTIGNORE)108 710.4 Q F0 -.25(va)2.708 G (cmdhist)108 722.4 Q F0 .75 (shell option, if enabled, causes the shell to attempt to sa)3.25 F 1.05 -.15(ve e)-.2 H .75(ach line of a multi-line command in).15 F -(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(46)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(46)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 47 47 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -5597,7 +5595,7 @@ SF(^)108 667.4 Q F4(string1)-5 I F5(^)5 I F4(string2)-5 I F5(^)5 I F0 F4(string2)A F0(/')A 2.5('\()-.74 G(see)-2.5 E F1(Modi\214ers)2.5 E F0 (belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(!#)108 698.4 Q F0 (The entire command line typed so f)27.67 E(ar)-.1 E(.)-.55 E -(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(47)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(47)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 48 48 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -5710,7 +5708,7 @@ F F13.644 E F0 1.144(to pre)3.644 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.144(nt this) 2.951(ys)-.15 G(peci\214ed)-2.951 E 2.5(redirections. A)144 690 R (zero e)2.5 E(xit code is returned.)-.15 E F1(.)110.5 706.8 Q F2 (\214lename)6.666 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A -(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(48)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(48)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 49 49 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -5833,7 +5831,7 @@ F1144 662.4 Q F2(function)2.5 E F0(Query about which k)180 674.4 Q (he named).1 E F2(function)2.5 E F0(.)A F1144 686.4 Q F2(function) 2.5 E F0(Unbind all k)180 698.4 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5(sb).15 G (ound to the named)-2.5 E F2(function)2.5 E F0(.)A(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q -(2009 October 16)140.405 E(49)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +(2009 December 23)135.965 E(49)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 50 50 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -5971,8 +5969,8 @@ F13.915 E F0(or)3.915 E F13.915 E F0 1.415(options, the v) 3.915 F 1.415(arious shell v)-.25 F 1.415(ariables set by the pro-)-.25 F(grammable completion f)144 729.6 Q(acilities, while a)-.1 E -.25(va) -.2 G(ilable, will not ha).25 E .3 -.15(ve u)-.2 H(seful v).15 E(alues.) --.25 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(50)190.395 E 0 Cg -EP +-.25 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(50)185.955 E 0 +Cg EP %%Page: 51 51 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -6066,8 +6064,8 @@ G 2.5(yb)-.05 G(inding names.)-2.5 E F2 -.2(bu)184 688.8 S(iltin).2 E F0 (Names of shell b)11.85 E(uiltin commands.)-.2 E (May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F22.5 E F0(.)A F2(command)184 700.8 Q F0(Command names.)224 712.8 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F2 -2.5 E F0(.)A(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(51) -190.395 E 0 Cg EP +2.5 E F0(.)A(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(51) +185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 52 52 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -6158,7 +6156,7 @@ F3(name)2.947 E F0 .447(according to the)2.947 F F3(option)2.947 E F0 (re supplied.)-3.225 F .725(If no)5.725 F F3(option)3.225 E F0 3.225(sa) C .725(re gi)-3.225 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .726 (n, display the completion options for).15 F(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q -(2009 October 16)140.405 E(52)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +(2009 December 23)135.965 E(52)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 53 53 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -6295,7 +6293,7 @@ F1(n)A F2 2.5(][)C-2.5 E F1(n)A F2 2.5(][)C(\255cplv])-2.5 E F0 -.4 .4 F .328(The def)5.328 F .328(ault display is on a)-.1 F 1.238 (single line with directory names separated by spaces.)144 720 R 1.238 (Directories are added to the list with the)6.238 F(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 -Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(53)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(53)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 54 54 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -6416,7 +6414,7 @@ F1A F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255dnps)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2 (enabled. If)144 727.2 R F12.878 E F0 .379 (is supplied, the output is restricted to the POSIX)2.878 F F2(special) 2.879 E F0 -.2(bu)2.879 G 2.879(iltins. The).2 F .379(return v)2.879 F -(alue)-.25 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(54)190.395 +(alue)-.25 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(54)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 55 55 %%BeginPageSetup @@ -6555,8 +6553,8 @@ E F1(last)2.732 E F0 .454(specify history lines out of range.)144 684 R 708 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.136(cuted, unless).15 F F1(cmd)3.836 E F0 1.136 (does not)4.406 F(specify a v)144 720 Q (alid history line, in which case)-.25 E F2(fc)2.5 E F0(returns f)2.5 E -(ailure.)-.1 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(55) -190.395 E 0 Cg EP +(ailure.)-.1 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(55) +185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 56 56 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -6678,7 +6676,7 @@ E F1(help)108 674.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255dms)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(pattern) 698.4 R F2(pattern)2.807 E F0 2.807(;o).24 G .307 (therwise help for all the b)-2.807 F .306 (uiltins and shell control struc-)-.2 F(tures is printed.)144 710.4 Q -(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(56)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(56)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 57 57 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -6781,7 +6779,7 @@ E F2(jobspec)4.24 E F0(is supplied.)2.81 E .394(If the)144 684 R F1 (with the corre-)3.164 F(sponding process group ID, and e)144 696 Q -.15 (xe)-.15 G(cutes).15 E F2(command)2.7 E F0(passing it)3.27 E F2(ar)2.5 E (gs)-.37 E F0 2.5(,r).27 G(eturning its e)-2.5 E(xit status.)-.15 E -(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(57)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(57)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 58 58 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -6922,7 +6920,7 @@ E F5(popd -1)2.5 E F0(the ne)2.5 E(xt to last.)-.15 E .643(If the)144 (alse if an in)-.1 F -.25(va)-.4 G 2.289 (lid option is encountered, the directory stack is empty).25 F 4.789 (,an)-.65 G(on-e)-4.789 E(xistent)-.15 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q -(2009 October 16)140.405 E(58)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +(2009 December 23)135.965 E(58)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 59 59 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -7038,8 +7036,8 @@ are assigned empty)-.1 F -.25(va)144 672 S 2.51(lues. The).25 F .011 1.891(pecial meaning for the ne).15 F 1.89 (xt character read and for line continuation.)-.15 F (Options, if supplied, ha)144 696 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E -(wing meanings:)-.25 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E -(59)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +(wing meanings:)-.25 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E +(59)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 60 60 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -7075,1119 +7073,1125 @@ F1144 144 Q F0 .373 144 240 Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 252 S(ad) .18 E F0 1.269(returns after reading e)3.77 F(xactly)-.15 E F2(nc)3.769 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.269(characters rather than w)3.769 F 1.269 -(aiting for a complete)-.1 F -(line of input, unless EOF is encountered or)180 264 Q F1 -.18(re)2.5 G -(ad).18 E F0(times out.)2.5 E(An)5 E 2.5(yd)-.15 G(elimiter is ignored.) --2.5 E F1144 276 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 E F0(Display)180 288 Q F2 -(pr)3.66 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161(on standard error)3.66 F 3.661(,w)-.4 G -1.161(ithout a trailing ne)-3.661 F 1.161 -(wline, before attempting to read)-.25 F(an)180 300 Q 2.5(yi)-.15 G 2.5 -(nput. The)-2.5 F +(aiting for a complete)-.1 F .274 +(line of input, unless EOF is encountered or)180 264 R F1 -.18(re)2.775 +G(ad).18 E F0 .275(times out.)2.775 F .275(Delimiter characters encoun-) +5.275 F 1.003 +(tered in the input are not treated specially and do not cause)180 276 R +F1 -.18(re)3.502 G(ad).18 E F0 1.002(to return until)3.502 F F2(nc)3.502 +E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0(characters are read.)180 288 Q F1144 300 Q +F2(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 E F0(Display)180 312 Q F2(pr)3.66 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 +1.161(on standard error)3.66 F 3.661(,w)-.4 G 1.161 +(ithout a trailing ne)-3.661 F 1.161(wline, before attempting to read) +-.25 F(an)180 324 Q 2.5(yi)-.15 G 2.5(nput. The)-2.5 F (prompt is displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.)2.5 E F1 -144 312 Q F0 .544(Backslash does not act as an escape character) +144 336 Q F0 .544(Backslash does not act as an escape character) 25.86 F 5.543(.T)-.55 G .543(he backslash is considered to be part of) --5.543 F(the line.)180 324 Q(In particular)5 E 2.5(,ab)-.4 G +-5.543 F(the line.)180 348 Q(In particular)5 E 2.5(,ab)-.4 G (ackslash-ne)-2.5 E(wline pair may not be used as a line continuation.) --.25 E F1144 336 Q F0(Silent mode.)26.41 E +-.25 E F1144 360 Q F0(Silent mode.)26.41 E (If input is coming from a terminal, characters are not echoed.)5 E F1 -144 348 Q F2(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 360 Q F1 -.18(re)3.548 G +144 372 Q F2(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 384 Q F1 -.18(re)3.548 G (ad).18 E F0 1.048(to time out and return f)3.548 F 1.048 (ailure if a complete line of input is not read within)-.1 F F2(timeout) -180 372 Q F0(seconds.)3.497 E F2(timeout)5.997 E F0 .997 +180 396 Q F0(seconds.)3.497 E F2(timeout)5.997 E F0 .997 (may be a decimal number with a fractional portion follo)3.497 F(wing) --.25 E .576(the decimal point.)180 384 R .576(This option is only ef) +-.25 E .576(the decimal point.)180 408 R .576(This option is only ef) 5.576 F(fecti)-.25 E .876 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(f).15 E F1 -.18(re)3.076 G (ad).18 E F0 .576(is reading input from a terminal,)3.076 F .142 -(pipe, or other special \214le; it has no ef)180 396 R .142 +(pipe, or other special \214le; it has no ef)180 420 R .142 (fect when reading from re)-.25 F .142(gular \214les.)-.15 F(If)5.141 E -F2(timeout)2.641 E F0 .141(is 0,)2.641 F F1 -.18(re)180 408 S(ad).18 E +F2(timeout)2.641 E F0 .141(is 0,)2.641 F F1 -.18(re)180 432 S(ad).18 E F0 .113(returns success if input is a)2.613 F -.25(va)-.2 G .113 (ilable on the speci\214ed \214le descriptor).25 F 2.613(,f)-.4 G .114 -(ailure otherwise.)-2.713 F(The e)180 420 Q +(ailure otherwise.)-2.713 F(The e)180 444 Q (xit status is greater than 128 if the timeout is e)-.15 E(xceeded.)-.15 -E F1144 432 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(Read input from \214le descriptor) -14.46 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .192(If no)144 448.8 R F2(names)3.052 E F0 +E F1144 456 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(Read input from \214le descriptor) +14.46 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .192(If no)144 472.8 R F2(names)3.052 E F0 .192(are supplied, the line read is assigned to the v)2.962 F(ariable) -.25 E F3(REPL)2.691 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .191 (The return code is zero,)4.691 F 1.343 -(unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)144 460.8 R F1 -.18(re)3.843 G(ad) +(unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)144 484.8 R F1 -.18(re)3.843 G(ad) .18 E F0 1.343 (times out \(in which case the return code is greater than)3.843 F -(128\), or an in)144 472.8 Q -.25(va)-.4 G +(128\), or an in)144 496.8 Q -.25(va)-.4 G (lid \214le descriptor is supplied as the ar).25 E(gument to)-.18 E F1 -2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.18(re)108 489.6 S(adonly).18 E F0([)2.5 E F1 +2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.18(re)108 513.6 S(adonly).18 E F0([)2.5 E F1 (\255aA)A(pf)-.25 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E -F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E .77(The gi)144 501.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E F2 +F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E .77(The gi)144 525.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E F2 (names)3.27 E F0 .77(are mark)3.27 F .77(ed readonly; the v)-.1 F .77 (alues of these)-.25 F F2(names)3.63 E F0 .77 -(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.096(quent assignment.)144 513.6 R +(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.096(quent assignment.)144 537.6 R 1.096(If the)6.096 F F13.596 E F0 1.097 (option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.596 F F2 -(names)3.597 E F0 1.097(are so)3.597 F(mark)144 525.6 Q 3.334(ed. The) +(names)3.597 E F0 1.097(are so)3.597 F(mark)144 549.6 Q 3.334(ed. The) -.1 F F13.334 E F0 .834(option restricts the v)3.334 F .834 (ariables to inde)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.334(da).15 G .834(rrays; the) -3.334 F F13.334 E F0 .834(option restricts the v)3.334 F(ari-) --.25 E .537(ables to associati)144 537.6 R .837 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 3.037 +-.25 E .537(ables to associati)144 561.6 R .837 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 3.037 (rrays. If).15 F(no)3.038 E F2(name)3.398 E F0(ar)3.218 E .538 (guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .538(n, or if the).15 F F1 3.038 E F0 .538(option is supplied, a list)3.038 F .081 -(of all readonly names is printed.)144 549.6 R(The)5.081 E F12.581 +(of all readonly names is printed.)144 573.6 R(The)5.081 E F12.581 E F0 .08(option causes output to be displayed in a format that may)2.581 -F 1.176(be reused as input.)144 561.6 R 1.176(If a v)6.176 F 1.176 +F 1.176(be reused as input.)144 585.6 R 1.176(If a v)6.176 F 1.176 (ariable name is follo)-.25 F 1.176(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 3.676(,t)C 1.176(he v)-3.676 F 1.177(alue of the v)-.25 F 1.177 -(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)144 573.6 Q(d)-.37 E F0 6.206(.T)C +(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)144 597.6 Q(d)-.37 E F0 6.206(.T)C 1.206(he return status is 0 unless an in)-6.206 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.205 (lid option is encountered, one of the).25 F F2(names)4.065 E F0 1.205 -(is not a)3.975 F -.25(va)144 585.6 S(lid shell v).25 E +(is not a)3.975 F -.25(va)144 609.6 S(lid shell v).25 E (ariable name, or)-.25 E F12.5 E F0(is supplied with a)2.5 E F2 -(name)2.86 E F0(that is not a function.)2.68 E F1 -.18(re)108 602.4 S +(name)2.86 E F0(that is not a function.)2.68 E F1 -.18(re)108 626.4 S (tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .586 -(Causes a function to e)144 614.4 R .587(xit with the return v)-.15 F +(Causes a function to e)144 638.4 R .587(xit with the return v)-.15 F .587(alue speci\214ed by)-.25 F F2(n)3.087 E F0 5.587(.I).24 G(f)-5.587 E F2(n)3.447 E F0 .587(is omitted, the return status is)3.327 F 1.335 -(that of the last command e)144 626.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.335 +(that of the last command e)144 650.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.335 (cuted in the function body).15 F 6.335(.I)-.65 G 3.835(fu)-6.335 G 1.335(sed outside a function, b)-3.835 F 1.335(ut during)-.2 F -.15(exe) -144 638.4 S .794(cution of a script by the).15 F F1(.)3.294 E F0(\() +144 662.4 S .794(cution of a script by the).15 F F1(.)3.294 E F0(\() 5.794 E F1(sour)A(ce)-.18 E F0 3.294(\)c)C .794 (ommand, it causes the shell to stop e)-3.294 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .795 -(cuting that script).15 F .246(and return either)144 650.4 R F2(n)3.106 +(cuting that script).15 F .246(and return either)144 674.4 R F2(n)3.106 E F0 .246(or the e)2.986 F .246(xit status of the last command e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .246(cuted within the script as the e).15 F .245 -(xit sta-)-.15 F .081(tus of the script.)144 662.4 R .082 +(xit sta-)-.15 F .081(tus of the script.)144 686.4 R .082 (If used outside a function and not during e)5.082 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .082 (cution of a script by).15 F F1(.)2.582 E F0 2.582(,t).833 G .082 -(he return sta-)-2.582 F 2.306(tus is f)144 674.4 R 4.806(alse. An)-.1 F +(he return sta-)-2.582 F 2.306(tus is f)144 698.4 R 4.806(alse. An)-.1 F 4.806(yc)-.15 G 2.305(ommand associated with the)-4.806 F F1(RETURN) 4.805 E F0 2.305(trap is e)4.805 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.305(cuted before e) .15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cution).15 E(resumes after the function or script.) -144 686.4 Q F1(set)108 703.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 -(\255\255abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(option)2.5 -E F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q -(2009 October 16)140.405 E(60)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +144 710.4 Q(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(60)185.955 +E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 61 61 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) -.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(set)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 -(+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(+o)-2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 -96 S .835(thout options, the name and v).4 F .835(alue of each shell v) --.25 F .836(ariable are displayed in a format that can be)-.25 F .784 -(reused as input for setting or resetting the currently-set v)144 108 R +(\255\255abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0 +(...])2.5 E F1(set)108 96 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5 +(][)C F1(+o)-2.5 E F2(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0 +(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 108 S .835(thout options, the name and v).4 F +.835(alue of each shell v)-.25 F .836 +(ariable are displayed in a format that can be)-.25 F .784 +(reused as input for setting or resetting the currently-set v)144 120 R 3.284(ariables. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)3.284 G .783(riables cannot be) -.25 F 2.946(reset. In)144 120 R F2 .447(posix mode)2.946 F F0 2.947(,o)C +.25 F 2.946(reset. In)144 132 R F2 .447(posix mode)2.946 F F0 2.947(,o)C .447(nly shell v)-2.947 F .447(ariables are listed.)-.25 F .447 (The output is sorted according to the current)5.447 F 3.531 -(locale. When)144 132 R 1.031(options are speci\214ed, the)3.531 F 3.531 +(locale. When)144 144 R 1.031(options are speci\214ed, the)3.531 F 3.531 (ys)-.15 G 1.031(et or unset shell attrib)-3.531 F 3.53(utes. An)-.2 F 3.53(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-3.53 G 1.03(uments remaining).18 F 1.623 -(after option processing are treated as v)144 144 R 1.624 +(after option processing are treated as v)144 156 R 1.624 (alues for the positional parameters and are assigned, in)-.25 F(order) -144 156 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G(o)-2.5 E F1($1)2.5 E F0(,)A F1($2)2.5 E F0(,)A F1 +144 168 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G(o)-2.5 E F1($1)2.5 E F0(,)A F1($2)2.5 E F0(,)A F1 2.5(... $)2.5 F F2(n)A F0 5(.O)C(ptions, if speci\214ed, ha)-5 E .3 -.15 -(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1144 168 Q F0 +(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1144 180 Q F0 .54(Automatically mark v)29.3 F .539 (ariables and functions which are modi\214ed or created for e)-.25 F -.539(xport to)-.15 F(the en)184 180 Q(vironment of subsequent commands.) --.4 E F1144 192 Q F0 .131 +.539(xport to)-.15 F(the en)184 192 Q(vironment of subsequent commands.) +-.4 E F1144 204 Q F0 .131 (Report the status of terminated background jobs immediately)28.74 F 2.632(,r)-.65 G .132(ather than before the ne)-2.632 F(xt)-.15 E -(primary prompt.)184 204 Q(This is ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve o)-.25 -H(nly when job control is enabled.).15 E F1144 216 Q F0 .511 +(primary prompt.)184 216 Q(This is ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve o)-.25 +H(nly when job control is enabled.).15 E F1144 228 Q F0 .511 (Exit immediately if a)29.86 F F2(pipeline)3.011 E F0 .511 (\(which may consist of a single)3.011 F F2 .51(simple command)3.01 F F0 -3.01(\), a)B F2(sub-)3.01 E(shell)184 228 Q F0 .872 +3.01(\), a)B F2(sub-)3.01 E(shell)184 240 Q F0 .872 (command enclosed in parentheses, or one of the commands e)3.372 F -.15 (xe)-.15 G .872(cuted as part of a).15 F .399 -(command list enclosed by braces \(see)184 240 R/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF +(command list enclosed by braces \(see)184 252 R/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .399(SHELL GRAMMAR)2.899 F F0(abo)2.649 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.899(\)e).15 G -.399(xits with a non-zero)-3.049 F 3.968(status. The)184 252 R 1.468 +.399(xits with a non-zero)-3.049 F 3.968(status. The)184 264 R 1.468 (shell does not e)3.968 F 1.468(xit if the command that f)-.15 F 1.468 -(ails is part of the command list)-.1 F .57(immediately follo)184 264 R +(ails is part of the command list)-.1 F .57(immediately follo)184 276 R .57(wing a)-.25 F F1(while)3.07 E F0(or)3.07 E F1(until)3.07 E F0 -.1 (ke)3.069 G(yw)-.05 E .569(ord, part of the test follo)-.1 F .569 (wing the)-.25 F F1(if)3.069 E F0(or)3.069 E F1(elif)3.069 E F0(reserv) -184 276 Q .544(ed w)-.15 F .544(ords, part of an)-.1 F 3.044(yc)-.15 G +184 288 Q .544(ed w)-.15 F .544(ords, part of an)-.1 F 3.044(yc)-.15 G .544(ommand e)-3.044 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .544(cuted in a).15 F F1(&&)3.044 E F0(or)3.044 E/F4 10/Symbol SF3.044 E F0 .544(list e)3.044 F .544 -(xcept the command)-.15 F(follo)184 288 Q 1.231(wing the \214nal)-.25 F +(xcept the command)-.15 F(follo)184 300 Q 1.231(wing the \214nal)-.25 F F1(&&)3.731 E F0(or)3.731 E F43.731 E F0 3.731(,a)C 1.531 -.15 (ny c)-3.731 H 1.231(ommand in a pipeline b).15 F 1.23 -(ut the last, or if the com-)-.2 F(mand')184 300 Q 3.19(sr)-.55 G .69 +(ut the last, or if the com-)-.2 F(mand')184 312 Q 3.19(sr)-.55 G .69 (eturn v)-3.19 F .69(alue is being in)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .69 (rted with).15 F F1(!)3.191 E F0 5.691(.A)C .691(trap on)-2.5 F F1(ERR) 3.191 E F0 3.191(,i)C 3.191(fs)-3.191 G .691(et, is e)-3.191 F -.15(xe) --.15 G .691(cuted before).15 F .687(the shell e)184 312 R 3.186 +-.15 G .691(cuted before).15 F .687(the shell e)184 324 R 3.186 (xits. This)-.15 F .686(option applies to the shell en)3.186 F .686 (vironment and each subshell en)-.4 F(viron-)-.4 E .658 -(ment separately \(see)184 324 R F1 .659(COMMAND EXECUTION ENVIR)3.159 F +(ment separately \(see)184 336 R F1 .659(COMMAND EXECUTION ENVIR)3.159 F (ONMENT)-.3 E F0(abo)3.159 E -.15(ve)-.15 G .659(\), and may).15 F -(cause subshells to e)184 336 Q(xit before e)-.15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G -(cuting all the commands in the subshell.).15 E F1144 348 Q F0 -(Disable pathname e)30.97 E(xpansion.)-.15 E F1144 360 Q F0 2.239 +(cause subshells to e)184 348 Q(xit before e)-.15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G +(cuting all the commands in the subshell.).15 E F1144 360 Q F0 +(Disable pathname e)30.97 E(xpansion.)-.15 E F1144 372 Q F0 2.239 (Remember the location of commands as the)28.74 F 4.738(ya)-.15 G 2.238 (re look)-4.738 F 2.238(ed up for e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 4.738 -(cution. This).15 F(is)4.738 E(enabled by def)184 372 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1 -144 384 Q F0 .513(All ar)28.74 F .514 +(cution. This).15 F(is)4.738 E(enabled by def)184 384 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1 +144 396 Q F0 .513(All ar)28.74 F .514 (guments in the form of assignment statements are placed in the en)-.18 F .514(vironment for a)-.4 F -(command, not just those that precede the command name.)184 396 Q F1 -144 408 Q F0 .149(Monitor mode.)25.97 F .149 +(command, not just those that precede the command name.)184 408 Q F1 +144 420 Q F0 .149(Monitor mode.)25.97 F .149 (Job control is enabled.)5.149 F .148(This option is on by def)5.149 F .148(ault for interacti)-.1 F .448 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells).15 E .636 -(on systems that support it \(see)184 420 R F3 .636(JOB CONTR)3.136 F +(on systems that support it \(see)184 432 R F3 .636(JOB CONTR)3.136 F (OL)-.27 E F0(abo)2.886 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.136(\). Background).15 F .637 (processes run in a)3.136 F .642 -(separate process group and a line containing their e)184 432 R .641 -(xit status is printed upon their com-)-.15 F(pletion.)184 444 Q F1 -144 456 Q F0 .652(Read commands b)28.74 F .652(ut do not e)-.2 F +(separate process group and a line containing their e)184 444 R .641 +(xit status is printed upon their com-)-.15 F(pletion.)184 456 Q F1 +144 468 Q F0 .652(Read commands b)28.74 F .652(ut do not e)-.2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .652(cute them.).15 F .653 (This may be used to check a shell script for)5.652 F(syntax errors.)184 -468 Q(This is ignored by interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E -F1144 480 Q F2(option\255name)2.5 E F0(The)184 492 Q F2 +480 Q(This is ignored by interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E +F1144 492 Q F2(option\255name)2.5 E F0(The)184 504 Q F2 (option\255name)2.5 E F0(can be one of the follo)2.5 E(wing:)-.25 E F1 -(allexport)184 504 Q F0(Same as)224 516 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -(braceexpand)184 528 Q F0(Same as)224 540 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -(emacs)184 552 Q F0 .089(Use an emacs-style command line editing interf) +(allexport)184 516 Q F0(Same as)224 528 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(braceexpand)184 540 Q F0(Same as)224 552 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(emacs)184 564 Q F0 .089(Use an emacs-style command line editing interf) 13.9 F 2.589(ace. This)-.1 F .089(is enabled by def)2.589 F(ault)-.1 E -.95(when the shell is interacti)224 564 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.45(,u).15 G +.95(when the shell is interacti)224 576 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.45(,u).15 G .95(nless the shell is started with the)-3.45 F F1(\255\255noediting) -3.45 E F0 2.5(option. This)224 576 R(also af)2.5 E +3.45 E F0 2.5(option. This)224 588 R(also af)2.5 E (fects the editing interf)-.25 E(ace used for)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G -(ad \255e).18 E F0(.)A F1(errtrace)184 588 Q F0(Same as)5.03 E F1 -2.5 E F0(.)A F1(functrace)184 600 Q F0(Same as)224 612 Q F12.5 E -F0(.)A F1(err)184 624 Q(exit)-.18 E F0(Same as)11.31 E F12.5 E F0 -(.)A F1(hashall)184 636 Q F0(Same as)9.43 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -(histexpand)184 648 Q F0(Same as)224 660 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -(history)184 672 Q F0 .587(Enable command history)10 F 3.087(,a)-.65 G +(ad \255e).18 E F0(.)A F1(errtrace)184 600 Q F0(Same as)5.03 E F1 +2.5 E F0(.)A F1(functrace)184 612 Q F0(Same as)224 624 Q F12.5 E +F0(.)A F1(err)184 636 Q(exit)-.18 E F0(Same as)11.31 E F12.5 E F0 +(.)A F1(hashall)184 648 Q F0(Same as)9.43 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(histexpand)184 660 Q F0(Same as)224 672 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(history)184 684 Q F0 .587(Enable command history)10 F 3.087(,a)-.65 G 3.087(sd)-3.087 G .587(escribed abo)-3.087 F .887 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder) .15 E F3(HIST)3.087 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 -.587(This option is)5.087 F(on by def)224 684 Q(ault in interacti)-.1 E -.3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1(ignor)184 696 Q(eeof)-.18 E F0 1.656 -(The ef)224 708 R 1.656(fect is as if the shell command)-.25 F/F6 10 -/Courier@0 SF(IGNOREEOF=10)4.157 E F0 1.657(had been e)4.157 F -.15(xe) --.15 G(cuted).15 E(\(see)224 720 Q F1(Shell V)2.5 E(ariables)-.92 E F0 -(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q -(2009 October 16)140.405 E(61)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +.587(This option is)5.087 F(on by def)224 696 Q(ault in interacti)-.1 E +.3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23) +135.965 E(61)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 62 62 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -.1(ke)184 84 S(yw).1 E(ord)-.1 E F0 -(Same as)224 96 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(monitor)184 108 Q F0(Same as) -5.56 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(noclob)184 120 Q(ber)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 -132 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(noexec)184 144 Q F0(Same as)11.12 E F1 -2.5 E F0(.)A F1(noglob)184 156 Q F0(Same as)11.1 E F12.5 E -F0(.)A F1(nolog)184 168 Q F0(Currently ignored.)16.66 E F1(notify)184 -180 Q F0(Same as)15 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(nounset)184 192 Q F0 -(Same as)6.66 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(onecmd)184 204 Q F0(Same as)6.67 -E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(ph)184 216 Q(ysical)-.15 E F0(Same as)5.14 E -F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(pipefail)184 228 Q F0 1.03(If set, the return v) -7.77 F 1.029(alue of a pipeline is the v)-.25 F 1.029 -(alue of the last \(rightmost\) com-)-.25 F 1.136(mand to e)224 240 R +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(ignor)184 84 Q(eeof)-.18 E F0 1.656(The ef) +224 96 R 1.656(fect is as if the shell command)-.25 F/F2 10/Courier@0 SF +(IGNOREEOF=10)4.157 E F0 1.657(had been e)4.157 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted) +.15 E(\(see)224 108 Q F1(Shell V)2.5 E(ariables)-.92 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15 +(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1 -.1(ke)184 120 S(yw).1 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Same as) +224 132 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(monitor)184 144 Q F0(Same as)5.56 E F1 +2.5 E F0(.)A F1(noclob)184 156 Q(ber)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 168 Q F1 +2.5 E F0(.)A F1(noexec)184 180 Q F0(Same as)11.12 E F12.5 E +F0(.)A F1(noglob)184 192 Q F0(Same as)11.1 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(nolog)184 204 Q F0(Currently ignored.)16.66 E F1(notify)184 216 Q F0 +(Same as)15 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(nounset)184 228 Q F0(Same as)6.66 +E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(onecmd)184 240 Q F0(Same as)6.67 E F12.5 +E F0(.)A F1(ph)184 252 Q(ysical)-.15 E F0(Same as)5.14 E F12.5 E +F0(.)A F1(pipefail)184 264 Q F0 1.03(If set, the return v)7.77 F 1.029 +(alue of a pipeline is the v)-.25 F 1.029 +(alue of the last \(rightmost\) com-)-.25 F 1.136(mand to e)224 276 R 1.136 (xit with a non-zero status, or zero if all commands in the pipeline) --.15 F -.15(ex)224 252 S(it successfully).15 E 5(.T)-.65 G -(his option is disabled by def)-5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(posix)184 264 Q F0 +-.15 F -.15(ex)224 288 S(it successfully).15 E 5(.T)-.65 G +(his option is disabled by def)-5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(posix)184 300 Q F0 2.091(Change the beha)17.77 F 2.091(vior of)-.2 F F1(bash)4.591 E F0 2.091(where the def)4.591 F 2.091(ault operation dif)-.1 F 2.091 -(fers from the)-.25 F(POSIX standard to match the standard \()224 276 Q -/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(posix mode)A F0(\).)A F1(pri)184 288 Q(vileged) --.1 E F0(Same as)224 300 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(ve)184 312 S -(rbose).1 E F0(Same as)7.33 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(vi)184 324 Q F0 +(fers from the)-.25 F(POSIX standard to match the standard \()224 312 Q +/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(posix mode)A F0(\).)A F1(pri)184 324 Q(vileged) +-.1 E F0(Same as)224 336 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(ve)184 348 S +(rbose).1 E F0(Same as)7.33 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(vi)184 360 Q F0 1.465(Use a vi-style command line editing interf)32.22 F 3.966 (ace. This)-.1 F 1.466(also af)3.966 F 1.466(fects the editing)-.25 F -(interf)224 336 Q(ace used for)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad \255e).18 E F0 -(.)A F1(xtrace)184 348 Q F0(Same as)13.35 E F12.5 E F0(.)A(If)184 -366 Q F13.053 E F0 .553(is supplied with no)3.053 F F2 +(interf)224 372 Q(ace used for)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad \255e).18 E F0 +(.)A F1(xtrace)184 384 Q F0(Same as)13.35 E F12.5 E F0(.)A(If)184 +402 Q F13.053 E F0 .553(is supplied with no)3.053 F F3 (option\255name)3.053 E F0 3.053(,t)C .553(he v)-3.053 F .552 (alues of the current options are printed.)-.25 F(If)5.552 E F1(+o)184 -378 Q F0 1.071(is supplied with no)3.571 F F2(option\255name)3.571 E F0 +414 Q F0 1.071(is supplied with no)3.571 F F3(option\255name)3.571 E F0 3.571(,as)C 1.071(eries of)-3.571 F F1(set)3.572 E F0 1.072 (commands to recreate the current)3.572 F -(option settings is displayed on the standard output.)184 390 Q F1 -144 402 Q F0 -.45(Tu)28.74 G 1.072(rn on).45 F F2(privile)4.822 E -.1 +(option settings is displayed on the standard output.)184 426 Q F1 +144 438 Q F0 -.45(Tu)28.74 G 1.072(rn on).45 F F3(privile)4.822 E -.1 (ge)-.4 G(d).1 E F0 3.572(mode. In)4.342 F 1.072(this mode, the)3.572 F -/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF($ENV)3.572 E F0(and)3.322 E F3($B)3.572 E(ASH_ENV) +/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF($ENV)3.572 E F0(and)3.322 E F4($B)3.572 E(ASH_ENV) -.27 E F0 1.071(\214les are not pro-)3.322 F 1.5 -(cessed, shell functions are not inherited from the en)184 414 R 1.501 -(vironment, and the)-.4 F F3(SHELLOPTS)4.001 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A -F1 -.3(BA)184 426 S(SHOPTS).3 E F0(,)A F1(CDP)3.186 E -.95(AT)-.74 G(H) +(cessed, shell functions are not inherited from the en)184 450 R 1.501 +(vironment, and the)-.4 F F4(SHELLOPTS)4.001 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A +F1 -.3(BA)184 462 S(SHOPTS).3 E F0(,)A F1(CDP)3.186 E -.95(AT)-.74 G(H) .95 E F0 3.186(,a)C(nd)-3.186 E F1(GLOBIGNORE)3.186 E F0 -.25(va)3.186 G .686(riables, if the).25 F 3.186(ya)-.15 G .686(ppear in the en)-3.186 F -(viron-)-.4 E .853(ment, are ignored.)184 438 R .854 +(viron-)-.4 E .853(ment, are ignored.)184 474 R .854 (If the shell is started with the ef)5.853 F(fecti)-.25 E 1.154 -.15 (ve u)-.25 H .854(ser \(group\) id not equal to).15 F .043 -(the real user \(group\) id, and the)184 450 R F12.543 E F0 .043 +(the real user \(group\) id, and the)184 486 R F12.543 E F0 .043 (option is not supplied, these actions are tak)2.543 F .043(en and the) --.1 F(ef)184 462 Q(fecti)-.25 E 1.666 -.15(ve u)-.25 H 1.366 +-.1 F(ef)184 498 Q(fecti)-.25 E 1.666 -.15(ve u)-.25 H 1.366 (ser id is set to the real user id.).15 F 1.367(If the)6.367 F F1 -3.867 E F0 1.367(option is supplied at startup, the)3.867 F(ef)184 474 Q +3.867 E F0 1.367(option is supplied at startup, the)3.867 F(ef)184 510 Q (fecti)-.25 E .709 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .409(ser id is not reset.).15 F -.45 (Tu)5.409 G .409(rning this option of).45 F 2.909(fc)-.25 G .408 (auses the ef)-2.909 F(fecti)-.25 E .708 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .408 (ser and group).15 F(ids to be set to the real user and group ids.)184 -486 Q F1144 498 Q F0(Exit after reading and e)30.97 E -.15(xe)-.15 -G(cuting one command.).15 E F1144 510 Q F0 -.35(Tr)28.74 G .043 +522 Q F1144 534 Q F0(Exit after reading and e)30.97 E -.15(xe)-.15 +G(cuting one command.).15 E F1144 546 Q F0 -.35(Tr)28.74 G .043 (eat unset v).35 F .044(ariables and parameters other than the special \ parameters "@" and "*" as an)-.25 F .183 -(error when performing parameter e)184 522 R 2.683(xpansion. If)-.15 F +(error when performing parameter e)184 558 R 2.683(xpansion. If)-.15 F -.15(ex)2.683 G .182(pansion is attempted on an unset v).15 F(ari-)-.25 -E .746(able or parameter)184 534 R 3.246(,t)-.4 G .746 +E .746(able or parameter)184 570 R 3.246(,t)-.4 G .746 (he shell prints an error message, and, if not interacti)-3.246 F -.15 (ve)-.25 G 3.246(,e).15 G .746(xits with a)-3.396 F(non-zero status.)184 -546 Q F1144 558 Q F0(Print shell input lines as the)29.3 E 2.5(ya) --.15 G(re read.)-2.5 E F1144 570 Q F0 .315(After e)29.3 F .315 -(xpanding each)-.15 F F2 .315(simple command)2.815 F F0(,)A F1 -.25(fo) +582 Q F1144 594 Q F0(Print shell input lines as the)29.3 E 2.5(ya) +-.15 G(re read.)-2.5 E F1144 606 Q F0 .315(After e)29.3 F .315 +(xpanding each)-.15 F F3 .315(simple command)2.815 F F0(,)A F1 -.25(fo) 2.815 G(r).25 E F0(command,)2.815 E F1(case)2.815 E F0(command,)2.815 E -F1(select)2.815 E F0(command,)2.815 E 1.235(or arithmetic)184 582 R F1 +F1(select)2.815 E F0(command,)2.815 E 1.235(or arithmetic)184 618 R F1 -.25(fo)3.736 G(r).25 E F0 1.236(command, display the e)3.736 F 1.236 -(xpanded v)-.15 F 1.236(alue of)-.25 F F3(PS4)3.736 E F4(,)A F0(follo) -3.486 E 1.236(wed by the com-)-.25 F(mand and its e)184 594 Q +(xpanded v)-.15 F 1.236(alue of)-.25 F F4(PS4)3.736 E F5(,)A F0(follo) +3.486 E 1.236(wed by the com-)-.25 F(mand and its e)184 630 Q (xpanded ar)-.15 E(guments or associated w)-.18 E(ord list.)-.1 E F1 -144 606 Q F0 2.579(The shell performs brace e)27.63 F 2.578 +144 642 Q F0 2.579(The shell performs brace e)27.63 F 2.578 (xpansion \(see)-.15 F F1 2.578(Brace Expansion)5.078 F F0(abo)5.078 E --.15(ve)-.15 G 5.078(\). This).15 F 2.578(is on by)5.078 F(def)184 618 Q -(ault.)-.1 E F1144 630 Q F0 .213(If set,)27.08 F F1(bash)2.713 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G 5.078(\). This).15 F 2.578(is on by)5.078 F(def)184 654 Q +(ault.)-.1 E F1144 666 Q F0 .213(If set,)27.08 F F1(bash)2.713 E F0 .213(does not o)2.713 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .214(rwrite an e).15 F .214 (xisting \214le with the)-.15 F F1(>)2.714 E F0(,)A F1(>&)2.714 E F0 2.714(,a)C(nd)-2.714 E F1(<>)2.714 E F0 .214(redirection opera-)2.714 F -3.054(tors. This)184 642 R .553(may be o)3.053 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .553 +3.054(tors. This)184 678 R .553(may be o)3.053 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .553 (rridden when creating output \214les by using the redirection opera-) -.15 F(tor)184 654 Q F1(>|)2.5 E F0(instead of)2.5 E F1(>)2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -144 666 Q F0 .103(If set, an)27.63 F 2.603(yt)-.15 G .103(rap on) +.15 F(tor)184 690 Q F1(>|)2.5 E F0(instead of)2.5 E F1(>)2.5 E F0(.)A F1 +144 702 Q F0 .103(If set, an)27.63 F 2.603(yt)-.15 G .103(rap on) -2.603 F F1(ERR)2.603 E F0 .104 (is inherited by shell functions, command substitutions, and com-)2.603 -F .839(mands e)184 678 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .839(cuted in a subshell en).15 +F .839(mands e)184 714 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .839(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 3.339(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(ERR)3.338 E F0 .838 -(trap is normally not inherited in)3.338 F(such cases.)184 690 Q F1 -144 702 Q F0(Enable)26.52 E F1(!)3.031 E F0 .531 -(style history substitution.)5.531 F .531(This option is on by def)5.531 -F .532(ault when the shell is inter)-.1 F(-)-.2 E(acti)184 714 Q -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(62) -190.395 E 0 Cg EP +(trap is normally not inherited in)3.338 F(such cases.)184 726 Q +(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(62)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 63 63 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF144 84 Q F0 1.165 -(If set, the shell does not follo)28.19 F 3.664(ws)-.25 G 1.164 +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF144 84 Q F0(Enable)26.52 E F1(!)3.031 +E F0 .531(style history substitution.)5.531 F .531 +(This option is on by def)5.531 F .532(ault when the shell is inter)-.1 +F(-)-.2 E(acti)184 96 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1144 108 Q F0 +1.165(If set, the shell does not follo)28.19 F 3.664(ws)-.25 G 1.164 (ymbolic links when e)-3.664 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.164 (cuting commands such as).15 F F1(cd)3.664 E F0 2.821 -(that change the current w)184 96 R 2.822(orking directory)-.1 F 7.822 +(that change the current w)184 120 R 2.822(orking directory)-.1 F 7.822 (.I)-.65 G 5.322(tu)-7.822 G 2.822(ses the ph)-5.322 F 2.822 -(ysical directory structure)-.05 F 2.686(instead. By)184 108 R(def)2.686 +(ysical directory structure)-.05 F 2.686(instead. By)184 132 R(def)2.686 E(ault,)-.1 E F1(bash)2.686 E F0(follo)2.686 E .186 (ws the logical chain of directories when performing com-)-.25 F -(mands which change the current directory)184 120 Q(.)-.65 E F1144 -132 Q F0 .89(If set, an)27.63 F 3.39(yt)-.15 G .89(raps on)-3.39 F F1 +(mands which change the current directory)184 144 Q(.)-.65 E F1144 +156 Q F0 .89(If set, an)27.63 F 3.39(yt)-.15 G .89(raps on)-3.39 F F1 (DEB)3.39 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)3.39 E F1(RETURN)3.39 E F0 .89 (are inherited by shell functions, command)3.39 F 1.932 -(substitutions, and commands e)184 144 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.932 +(substitutions, and commands e)184 168 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.932 (cuted in a subshell en).15 F 4.432(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(DEB)4.432 E -(UG)-.1 E F0(and)4.432 E F1(RETURN)184 156 Q F0 -(traps are normally not inherited in such cases.)2.5 E F1144 168 Q +(UG)-.1 E F0(and)4.432 E F1(RETURN)184 180 Q F0 +(traps are normally not inherited in such cases.)2.5 E F1144 192 Q F0 .4(If no ar)28.6 F .401(guments follo)-.18 F 2.901(wt)-.25 G .401 (his option, then the positional parameters are unset.)-2.901 F -(Otherwise,)5.401 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 180 Q +(Otherwise,)5.401 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 204 Q /F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(s, e)A -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5 (ni).15 G 2.5(fs)-2.5 G(ome of them be)-2.5 E(gin with a)-.15 E F1 -2.5 E F0(.)A F1144 192 Q F0 1.945 +2.5 E F0(.)A F1144 216 Q F0 1.945 (Signal the end of options, cause all remaining)34.3 F F2(ar)4.444 E(g) -.37 E F0 4.444(st)C 4.444(ob)-4.444 G 4.444(ea)-4.444 G 1.944 -(ssigned to the positional)-4.444 F 3.445(parameters. The)184 204 R F1 +(ssigned to the positional)-4.444 F 3.445(parameters. The)184 228 R F1 3.445 E F0(and)3.445 E F13.445 E F0 .945 (options are turned of)3.445 F 3.445(f. If)-.25 F .946(there are no) 3.445 F F2(ar)3.446 E(g)-.37 E F0 .946(s, the positional)B -(parameters remain unchanged.)184 216 Q .425(The options are of)144 -232.8 R 2.925(fb)-.25 G 2.925(yd)-2.925 G(ef)-2.925 E .425 +(parameters remain unchanged.)184 240 Q .425(The options are of)144 +256.8 R 2.925(fb)-.25 G 2.925(yd)-2.925 G(ef)-2.925 E .425 (ault unless otherwise noted.)-.1 F .425 (Using + rather than \255 causes these options)5.425 F .177 -(to be turned of)144 244.8 R 2.677(f. The)-.25 F .178 +(to be turned of)144 268.8 R 2.677(f. The)-.25 F .178 (options can also be speci\214ed as ar)2.678 F .178(guments to an in) -.18 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .178(cation of the shell.).2 F(The)5.178 E .066 -(current set of options may be found in)144 256.8 R F1<24ad>2.566 E F0 +(current set of options may be found in)144 280.8 R F1<24ad>2.566 E F0 5.066(.T)C .066(he return status is al)-5.066 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .066 (ys true unless an in).1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .066(lid option).25 F -(is encountered.)144 268.8 Q F1(shift)108 285.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0 -(])A .428(The positional parameters from)144 297.6 R F2(n)2.928 E F0 +(is encountered.)144 292.8 Q F1(shift)108 309.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0 +(])A .428(The positional parameters from)144 321.6 R F2(n)2.928 E F0 .429(+1 ... are renamed to)B F1 .429($1 ....)2.929 F F0 -.15(Pa)5.429 G -.429(rameters represented by the num-).15 F(bers)144 309.6 Q F1($#)2.583 +.429(rameters represented by the num-).15 F(bers)144 333.6 Q F1($#)2.583 E F0(do)2.583 E .083(wn to)-.25 F F1($#)2.583 E F0A F2(n)A F0 .083 (+1 are unset.)B F2(n)5.443 E F0 .083(must be a non-ne)2.823 F -.05(ga) -.15 G(ti).05 E .382 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .082(umber less than or equal to) .15 F F1($#)2.582 E F0 5.082(.I)C(f)-5.082 E F2(n)2.942 E F0 .06 -(is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 321.6 R(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 +(is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 345.6 R(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06(is not gi)2.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .06(n, it is assumed to be 1.).15 F (If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06(is greater than)2.8 F F1($#)2.56 E F0 2.56 -(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .144(positional parameters are not changed.)144 333.6 R +(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .144(positional parameters are not changed.)144 357.6 R .144(The return status is greater than zero if)5.144 F F2(n)3.003 E F0 .143(is greater than)2.883 F F1($#)2.643 E F0 -(or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 345.6 Q F1(shopt)108 362.4 Q F0([) +(or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 369.6 Q F1(shopt)108 386.4 Q F0([) 2.5 E F1(\255pqsu)A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(optname) --2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 374.4 S .222(ggle the v).8 F .222 +-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 398.4 S .222(ggle the v).8 F .222 (alues of v)-.25 F .222(ariables controlling optional shell beha)-.25 F (vior)-.2 E 5.222(.W)-.55 G .222(ith no options, or with the)-5.622 F F1 2.722 E F0 .721(option, a list of all settable options is display\ -ed, with an indication of whether or not each is set.)144 386.4 R(The) -144 398.4 Q F12.827 E F0 .327(option causes output to be displaye\ +ed, with an indication of whether or not each is set.)144 410.4 R(The) +144 422.4 Q F12.827 E F0 .327(option causes output to be displaye\ d in a form that may be reused as input.)2.827 F .328(Other options) -5.328 F(ha)144 410.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:) --.25 E F1144 422.4 Q F0(Enable \(set\) each)26.41 E F2(optname)2.5 -E F0(.)A F1144 434.4 Q F0(Disable \(unset\) each)24.74 E F2 -(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1144 446.4 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal out\ +5.328 F(ha)144 434.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:) +-.25 E F1144 446.4 Q F0(Enable \(set\) each)26.41 E F2(optname)2.5 +E F0(.)A F1144 458.4 Q F0(Disable \(unset\) each)24.74 E F2 +(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1144 470.4 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal out\ put \(quiet mode\); the return status indicates whether the)24.74 F F2 -(optname)2.503 E F0(is)2.503 E .255(set or unset.)180 458.4 R .255 +(optname)2.503 E F0(is)2.503 E .255(set or unset.)180 482.4 R .255 (If multiple)5.255 F F2(optname)2.755 E F0(ar)2.755 E .256 (guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.756(nw).15 G(ith)-2.756 E F1 2.756 E F0 2.756(,t)C .256(he return status is zero if)-2.756 F -(all)180 470.4 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E F0(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.) -2.5 E F1144 482.4 Q F0(Restricts the v)25.3 E(alues of)-.25 E F2 +(all)180 494.4 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E F0(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.) +2.5 E F1144 506.4 Q F0(Restricts the v)25.3 E(alues of)-.25 E F2 (optname)2.5 E F0(to be those de\214ned for the)2.5 E F12.5 E F0 (option to the)2.5 E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .128 -(If either)144 499.2 R F12.628 E F0(or)2.628 E F12.628 E F0 +(If either)144 523.2 R F12.628 E F0(or)2.628 E F12.628 E F0 .127(is used with no)2.627 F F2(optname)2.627 E F0(ar)2.627 E .127 (guments, the display is limited to those options which)-.18 F 1.023 -(are set or unset, respecti)144 511.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 6.023 +(are set or unset, respecti)144 535.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 6.023 (.U)-.65 G 1.024(nless otherwise noted, the)-6.023 F F1(shopt)3.524 E F0 -1.024(options are disabled \(unset\) by)3.524 F(def)144 523.2 Q(ault.) +1.024(options are disabled \(unset\) by)3.524 F(def)144 547.2 Q(ault.) -.1 E 1.544(The return status when listing options is zero if all)144 -540 R F2(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.544(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.) +564 R F2(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.544(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.) 4.044 F .696 (When setting or unsetting options, the return status is zero unless an) -144 552 R F2(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .696(alid shell) --.25 F(option.)144 564 Q(The list of)144 580.8 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0 -(options is:)2.5 E F1(autocd)144 598.8 Q F0 .2 +144 576 R F2(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .696(alid shell) +-.25 F(option.)144 588 Q(The list of)144 604.8 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0 +(options is:)2.5 E F1(autocd)144 622.8 Q F0 .2 (If set, a command name that is the name of a directory is e)11.11 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .199(cuted as if it were the ar).15 F(gu-)-.18 E -(ment to the)184 610.8 Q F1(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F +(ment to the)184 634.8 Q F1(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F (option is only used by interacti)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E -F1(cdable_v)144 622.8 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .155(If set, an ar)184 634.8 R .155 +F1(cdable_v)144 646.8 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .155(If set, an ar)184 658.8 R .155 (gument to the)-.18 F F1(cd)2.655 E F0 -.2(bu)2.655 G .156 (iltin command that is not a directory is assumed to be the).2 F -(name of a v)184 646.8 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E -(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E F1(cdspell)144 658.8 Q F0 +(name of a v)184 670.8 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E +(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E F1(cdspell)144 682.8 Q F0 1.055 (If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory component in a) 10.55 F F1(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.987 -(corrected. The)184 670.8 R 1.487(errors check)3.987 F 1.487 +(corrected. The)184 694.8 R 1.487(errors check)3.987 F 1.487 (ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.988(,a) --.4 G(nd)-3.988 E .552(one character too man)184 682.8 R 4.352 -.65 +-.4 G(nd)-3.988 E .552(one character too man)184 706.8 R 4.352 -.65 (y. I)-.15 H 3.052(fac).65 G .552 (orrection is found, the corrected \214le name is printed, and)-3.052 F -(the command proceeds.)184 694.8 Q +(the command proceeds.)184 718.8 Q (This option is only used by interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.) -.15 E F1(checkhash)144 706.8 Q F0 2.079(If set,)184 718.8 R F1(bash) -4.579 E F0 2.079(checks that a command found in the hash table e)4.579 F -2.08(xists before trying to)-.15 F -.15(exe)184 730.8 S(cute it.).15 E -(If a hashed command no longer e)5 E -(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q -(2009 October 16)140.405 E(63)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +.15 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(63)185.955 E 0 Cg +EP %%Page: 64 64 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(checkjobs)144 84 Q F0 .449(If set,)184 96 R -F1(bash)2.949 E F0 .449(lists the status of an)2.949 F 2.949(ys)-.15 G -.448(topped and running jobs before e)-2.949 F .448(xiting an interacti) --.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.438(shell. If)184 108 R(an)3.438 E 3.438(yj)-.15 -G .938(obs are running, this causes the e)-3.438 F .938 +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(checkhash)144 84 Q F0 2.079(If set,)184 96 +R F1(bash)4.579 E F0 2.079 +(checks that a command found in the hash table e)4.579 F 2.08 +(xists before trying to)-.15 F -.15(exe)184 108 S(cute it.).15 E +(If a hashed command no longer e)5 E +(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F1(checkjobs)144 120 Q +F0 .449(If set,)184 132 R F1(bash)2.949 E F0 .449 +(lists the status of an)2.949 F 2.949(ys)-.15 G .448 +(topped and running jobs before e)-2.949 F .448(xiting an interacti)-.15 +F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.438(shell. If)184 144 R(an)3.438 E 3.438(yj)-.15 G +.938(obs are running, this causes the e)-3.438 F .938 (xit to be deferred until a second e)-.15 F .939(xit is)-.15 F 1.456 -(attempted without an interv)184 120 R 1.456(ening command \(see)-.15 F +(attempted without an interv)184 156 R 1.456(ening command \(see)-.15 F F1 1.456(JOB CONTR)3.956 F(OL)-.3 E F0(abo)3.956 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.956 -(\). The).15 F(shell)3.956 E(al)184 132 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys postpones e).1 +(\). The).15 F(shell)3.956 E(al)184 168 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys postpones e).1 E(xiting if an)-.15 E 2.5(yj)-.15 G(obs are stopped.)-2.5 E F1 -(checkwinsize)144 144 Q F0 .796(If set,)184 156 R F1(bash)3.296 E F0 +(checkwinsize)144 180 Q F0 .796(If set,)184 192 R F1(bash)3.296 E F0 .796(checks the windo)3.296 F 3.296(ws)-.25 G .797 (ize after each command and, if necessary)-3.296 F 3.297(,u)-.65 G .797 -(pdates the)-3.297 F -.25(va)184 168 S(lues of).25 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 +(pdates the)-3.297 F -.25(va)184 204 S(lues of).25 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(LINES)2.5 E F0(and)2.25 E F2(COLUMNS)2.5 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A -F1(cmdhist)144 180 Q F0 1.202(If set,)6.11 F F1(bash)3.702 E F0 1.202 +F1(cmdhist)144 216 Q F0 1.202(If set,)6.11 F F1(bash)3.702 E F0 1.202 (attempts to sa)3.702 F 1.502 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 1.202 (ll lines of a multiple-line command in the same history).15 F(entry)184 -192 Q 5(.T)-.65 G(his allo)-5 E -(ws easy re-editing of multi-line commands.)-.25 E F1(compat31)144 204 Q -F0 .419(If set,)184 216 R F1(bash)2.919 E F0 .419(changes its beha)2.919 +228 Q 5(.T)-.65 G(his allo)-5 E +(ws easy re-editing of multi-line commands.)-.25 E F1(compat31)144 240 Q +F0 .419(If set,)184 252 R F1(bash)2.919 E F0 .419(changes its beha)2.919 F .419(vior to that of v)-.2 F .42(ersion 3.1 with respect to quoted ar) --.15 F(guments)-.18 E(to the conditional command')184 228 Q 2.5(s=)-.55 -G 2.5(~o)-2.5 G(perator)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1(compat32)144 240 Q F0 1.41 -(If set,)184 252 R F1(bash)3.91 E F0 1.41(changes its beha)3.91 F 1.409 +-.15 F(guments)-.18 E(to the conditional command')184 264 Q 2.5(s=)-.55 +G 2.5(~o)-2.5 G(perator)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1(compat32)144 276 Q F0 1.41 +(If set,)184 288 R F1(bash)3.91 E F0 1.41(changes its beha)3.91 F 1.409 (vior to that of v)-.2 F 1.409 (ersion 3.2 with respect to locale-speci\214c)-.15 F -(string comparison when using the conditional command')184 264 Q 2.5 -(s operators.)-2.5 E F1(compat40)144 276 Q F0 1.409 -(If set,)184 288 R F1(bash)3.909 E F0 1.409(changes its beha)3.909 F +(string comparison when using the conditional command')184 300 Q 2.5 +(s operators.)-2.5 E F1(compat40)144 312 Q F0 1.409 +(If set,)184 324 R F1(bash)3.909 E F0 1.409(changes its beha)3.909 F 1.409(vior to that of v)-.2 F 1.41 (ersion 4.0 with respect to locale-speci\214c)-.15 F 1.693 -(string comparison when using the conditional command')184 300 R 4.192 -(s operators and the)-4.192 F(ef)184 312 Q -(fect of interrupting a command list.)-.25 E F1(dirspell)144 324 Q F0 +(string comparison when using the conditional command')184 336 R 4.192 +(s operators and the)-4.192 F(ef)184 348 Q +(fect of interrupting a command list.)-.25 E F1(dirspell)144 360 Q F0 .858(If set,)7.77 F F1(bash)3.358 E F0 .858 (attempts spelling correction on directory names during w)3.358 F .859 (ord completion if)-.1 F -(the directory name initially supplied does not e)184 336 Q(xist.)-.15 E -F1(dotglob)144 348 Q F0 .165(If set,)7.77 F F1(bash)2.665 E F0 .165 +(the directory name initially supplied does not e)184 372 Q(xist.)-.15 E +F1(dotglob)144 384 Q F0 .165(If set,)7.77 F F1(bash)2.665 E F0 .165 (includes \214lenames be)2.665 F .165(ginning with a `.)-.15 F 2.665('i) -.7 G 2.665(nt)-2.665 G .165(he results of pathname e)-2.665 F -(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(execfail)144 360 Q F0 1.386 +(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(execfail)144 396 Q F0 1.386 (If set, a non-interacti)7.79 F 1.686 -.15(ve s)-.25 H 1.386 (hell will not e).15 F 1.386(xit if it cannot e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -1.387(cute the \214le speci\214ed as an).15 F(ar)184 372 Q +1.387(cute the \214le speci\214ed as an).15 F(ar)184 408 Q (gument to the)-.18 E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command.).2 E (An interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hell does not e).15 E(xit if)-.15 -E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(expand_aliases)144 384 Q F0 -.717(If set, aliases are e)184 396 R .717(xpanded as described abo)-.15 +E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(expand_aliases)144 420 Q F0 +.717(If set, aliases are e)184 432 R .717(xpanded as described abo)-.15 F 1.017 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(ALIASES)3.217 E F3(.)A F0 .716 -(This option is enabled)5.217 F(by def)184 408 Q(ault for interacti)-.1 -E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1(extdeb)144 420 Q(ug)-.2 E F0 -(If set, beha)184 432 Q(vior intended for use by deb)-.2 E -(uggers is enabled:)-.2 E F1(1.)184 444 Q F0(The)28.5 E F14.25 E +(This option is enabled)5.217 F(by def)184 444 Q(ault for interacti)-.1 +E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1(extdeb)144 456 Q(ug)-.2 E F0 +(If set, beha)184 468 Q(vior intended for use by deb)-.2 E +(uggers is enabled:)-.2 E F1(1.)184 480 Q F0(The)28.5 E F14.25 E F0 1.75(option to the)4.25 F F1(declar)4.251 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)4.251 G 1.751(iltin displays the source \214le name and line).2 F -(number corresponding to each function name supplied as an ar)220 456 Q -(gument.)-.18 E F1(2.)184 468 Q F0 1.667(If the command run by the)28.5 +(number corresponding to each function name supplied as an ar)220 492 Q +(gument.)-.18 E F1(2.)184 504 Q F0 1.667(If the command run by the)28.5 F F1(DEB)4.167 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.667(trap returns a non-zero v)4.167 F -1.667(alue, the ne)-.25 F(xt)-.15 E(command is skipped and not e)220 480 -Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1(3.)184 492 Q F0 .84 +1.667(alue, the ne)-.25 F(xt)-.15 E(command is skipped and not e)220 516 +Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1(3.)184 528 Q F0 .84 (If the command run by the)28.5 F F1(DEB)3.34 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .841 (trap returns a v)3.341 F .841(alue of 2, and the shell is)-.25 F -.15 -(exe)220 504 S .488 +(exe)220 540 S .488 (cuting in a subroutine \(a shell function or a shell script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .488(cuted by the).15 F F1(.)2.988 E F0(or)2.988 E F1 -(sour)220 516 Q(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltins\), a call to).2 E F1 +(sour)220 552 Q(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltins\), a call to).2 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0(is simulated.)2.5 E F1 26(4. B)184 -528 R(ASH_ARGC)-.3 E F0(and)3.775 E F1 -.3(BA)3.775 G(SH_ARGV).3 E F0 +564 R(ASH_ARGC)-.3 E F0(and)3.775 E F1 -.3(BA)3.775 G(SH_ARGV).3 E F0 1.276(are updated as described in their descrip-)3.775 F(tions abo)220 -540 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F1(5.)184 552 Q F0 1.359 +576 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F1(5.)184 588 Q F0 1.359 (Function tracing is enabled:)28.5 F 1.359 (command substitution, shell functions, and sub-)6.359 F(shells in)220 -564 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E/F4 10 +600 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E/F4 10 /Times-Italic@0 SF(command)2.5 E F1(\))2.5 E F0(inherit the)2.5 E F1 (DEB)2.5 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.5 E F1(RETURN)2.5 E F0(traps.)2.5 E F1(6.) -184 576 Q F0 .804(Error tracing is enabled:)28.5 F .805 -(command substitution, shell functions, and subshells)5.804 F(in)220 588 +184 612 Q F0 .804(Error tracing is enabled:)28.5 F .805 +(command substitution, shell functions, and subshells)5.804 F(in)220 624 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E F4 (command)2.5 E F1(\))2.5 E F0(inherit the)2.5 E F1(ERR)2.5 E(OR)-.3 E F0 -(trap.)2.5 E F1(extglob)144 600 Q F0 .4(If set, the e)8.89 F .4 +(trap.)2.5 E F1(extglob)144 636 Q F0 .4(If set, the e)8.89 F .4 (xtended pattern matching features described abo)-.15 F .7 -.15(ve u) --.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.9 G .4(thname Expan-).1 F(sion)184 612 Q -F0(are enabled.)2.5 E F1(extquote)144 624 Q F0 2.473(If set,)184 636 R +-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.9 G .4(thname Expan-).1 F(sion)184 648 Q +F0(are enabled.)2.5 E F1(extquote)144 660 Q F0 2.473(If set,)184 672 R F1($)4.973 E F0<08>A F4(string)A F0 4.973<0861>C(nd)-4.973 E F1($)4.973 E F0(")A F4(string)A F0 4.973("q)C 2.473(uoting is performed within) -4.973 F F1(${)4.973 E F4(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(})A F0 -.15(ex)4.973 G -(pansions).15 E(enclosed in double quotes.)184 648 Q -(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(failglob)144 660 Q F0 +(pansions).15 E(enclosed in double quotes.)184 684 Q +(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(failglob)144 696 Q F0 1.425(If set, patterns which f)7.77 F 1.425 (ail to match \214lenames during pathname e)-.1 F 1.424 -(xpansion result in an)-.15 F -.15(ex)184 672 S(pansion error).15 E(.) --.55 E F1 -.25(fo)144 684 S -.18(rc).25 G(e_\214gnor).18 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.585(If set, the suf)184 696 R<8c78>-.25 E .585(es speci\214ed by the) --.15 F F1(FIGNORE)3.085 E F0 .585(shell v)3.085 F .585(ariable cause w) --.25 F .585(ords to be ignored)-.1 F .32(when performing w)184 708 R .32 -(ord completion e)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.82(ni).15 G 2.82(ft)-2.82 G .32 -(he ignored w)-2.82 F .32(ords are the only possible com-)-.1 F 3.329 -(pletions. See)184 720 R F2 .829(SHELL V)3.329 F(ARIABLES)-1.215 E F0 -(abo)3.079 E 1.129 -.15(ve f)-.15 H .83(or a description of).15 F F1 -(FIGNORE)3.33 E F0 5.83(.T)C .83(his option)-5.83 F(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 -Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(64)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +(xpansion result in an)-.15 F -.15(ex)184 708 S(pansion error).15 E(.) +-.55 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(64)185.955 E 0 +Cg EP %%Page: 65 65 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E(is enabled by def)184 84 Q(ault.)-.1 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -(globstar)144 96 Q F0 .179(If set, the pattern)5 F F1(**)2.679 E F0 .178 -(used in a pathname e)2.678 F .178(xpansion conte)-.15 F .178 +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -.25(fo)144 84 S -.18(rc).25 G(e_\214gnor) +.18 E(e)-.18 E F0 .585(If set, the suf)184 96 R<8c78>-.25 E .585 +(es speci\214ed by the)-.15 F F1(FIGNORE)3.085 E F0 .585(shell v)3.085 F +.585(ariable cause w)-.25 F .585(ords to be ignored)-.1 F .32 +(when performing w)184 108 R .32(ord completion e)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +2.82(ni).15 G 2.82(ft)-2.82 G .32(he ignored w)-2.82 F .32 +(ords are the only possible com-)-.1 F 3.329(pletions. See)184 120 R/F2 +9/Times-Bold@0 SF .829(SHELL V)3.329 F(ARIABLES)-1.215 E F0(abo)3.079 E +1.129 -.15(ve f)-.15 H .83(or a description of).15 F F1(FIGNORE)3.33 E +F0 5.83(.T)C .83(his option)-5.83 F(is enabled by def)184 132 Q(ault.) +-.1 E F1(globstar)144 144 Q F0 .179(If set, the pattern)5 F F1(**)2.679 +E F0 .178(used in a pathname e)2.678 F .178(xpansion conte)-.15 F .178 (xt will match a \214les and zero or)-.15 F 1.297 -(more directories and subdirectories.)184 108 R 1.298 +(more directories and subdirectories.)184 156 R 1.298 (If the pattern is follo)6.297 F 1.298(wed by a)-.25 F F1(/)3.798 E F0 3.798(,o)C 1.298(nly directories)-3.798 F(and subdirectories match.)184 -120 Q F1(gnu_errfmt)144 132 Q F0(If set, shell error messages are writt\ -en in the standard GNU error message format.)184 144 Q F1(histappend)144 -156 Q F0 .384 +168 Q F1(gnu_errfmt)144 180 Q F0(If set, shell error messages are writt\ +en in the standard GNU error message format.)184 192 Q F1(histappend)144 +204 Q F0 .384 (If set, the history list is appended to the \214le named by the v)184 -168 R .383(alue of the)-.25 F F1(HISTFILE)2.883 E F0 -.25(va)2.883 G -(ri-).25 E(able when the shell e)184 180 Q(xits, rather than o)-.15 E --.15(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the \214le.).15 E F1(histr)144 192 Q(eedit)-.18 -E F0 .575(If set, and)184 204 R F1 -.18(re)3.075 G(adline).18 E F0 .575 +216 R .383(alue of the)-.25 F F1(HISTFILE)2.883 E F0 -.25(va)2.883 G +(ri-).25 E(able when the shell e)184 228 Q(xits, rather than o)-.15 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the \214le.).15 E F1(histr)144 240 Q(eedit)-.18 +E F0 .575(If set, and)184 252 R F1 -.18(re)3.075 G(adline).18 E F0 .575 (is being used, a user is gi)3.075 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.075(nt).15 G .576 (he opportunity to re-edit a f)-3.075 F .576(ailed his-)-.1 F -(tory substitution.)184 216 Q F1(histv)144 228 Q(erify)-.1 E F0 .403 -(If set, and)184 240 R F1 -.18(re)2.903 G(adline).18 E F0 .403 +(tory substitution.)184 264 Q F1(histv)144 276 Q(erify)-.1 E F0 .403 +(If set, and)184 288 R F1 -.18(re)2.903 G(adline).18 E F0 .403 (is being used, the results of history substitution are not immediately) -2.903 F .661(passed to the shell parser)184 252 R 5.661(.I)-.55 G .662 +2.903 F .661(passed to the shell parser)184 300 R 5.661(.I)-.55 G .662 (nstead, the resulting line is loaded into the)-5.661 F F1 -.18(re)3.162 -G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.162 E -.2(bu)184 264 S -.25(ff).2 G(er).25 E +G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.162 E -.2(bu)184 312 S -.25(ff).2 G(er).25 E 2.5(,a)-.4 G(llo)-2.5 E(wing further modi\214cation.)-.25 E F1 -(hostcomplete)144 276 Q F0 1.182(If set, and)184 288 R F1 -.18(re)3.682 +(hostcomplete)144 324 Q F0 1.182(If set, and)184 336 R F1 -.18(re)3.682 G(adline).18 E F0 1.182(is being used,)3.682 F F1(bash)3.682 E F0 1.181 (will attempt to perform hostname completion)3.681 F 1.38(when a w)184 -300 R 1.38(ord containing a)-.1 F F1(@)3.881 E F0 1.381 +348 R 1.38(ord containing a)-.1 F F1(@)3.881 E F0 1.381 (is being completed \(see)3.881 F F1(Completing)3.881 E F0(under)3.881 E -/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(READLINE)3.881 E F0(abo)184 312 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G -2.5(\). This).15 F(is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(huponexit)144 -324 Q F0(If set,)184 336 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(will send)2.5 E F2(SIGHUP) -2.5 E F0(to all jobs when an interacti)2.25 E .3 -.15(ve l)-.25 H -(ogin shell e).15 E(xits.)-.15 E F1(interacti)144 348 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G -(_comments).1 E F0 .33(If set, allo)184 360 R 2.83(waw)-.25 G .33 -(ord be)-2.93 F .33(ginning with)-.15 F F1(#)2.83 E F0 .33 -(to cause that w)2.83 F .33(ord and all remaining characters on)-.1 F -.967(that line to be ignored in an interacti)184 372 R 1.267 -.15(ve s) --.25 H .967(hell \(see).15 F F2(COMMENTS)3.467 E F0(abo)3.217 E -.15(ve) --.15 G 3.467(\). This).15 F .968(option is)3.468 F(enabled by def)184 -384 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(lithist)144 396 Q F0 .655(If set, and the)15.55 F -F1(cmdhist)3.155 E F0 .654 -(option is enabled, multi-line commands are sa)3.154 F -.15(ve)-.2 G -3.154(dt).15 G 3.154(ot)-3.154 G .654(he history)-3.154 F -(with embedded ne)184 408 Q +F2(READLINE)3.881 E F0(abo)184 360 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(\). This).15 F +(is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(huponexit)144 372 Q F0(If set,) +184 384 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(will send)2.5 E F2(SIGHUP)2.5 E F0 +(to all jobs when an interacti)2.25 E .3 -.15(ve l)-.25 H(ogin shell e) +.15 E(xits.)-.15 E F1(interacti)144 396 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(_comments).1 E F0 +.33(If set, allo)184 408 R 2.83(waw)-.25 G .33(ord be)-2.93 F .33 +(ginning with)-.15 F F1(#)2.83 E F0 .33(to cause that w)2.83 F .33 +(ord and all remaining characters on)-.1 F .967 +(that line to be ignored in an interacti)184 420 R 1.267 -.15(ve s)-.25 +H .967(hell \(see).15 F F2(COMMENTS)3.467 E F0(abo)3.217 E -.15(ve)-.15 +G 3.467(\). This).15 F .968(option is)3.468 F(enabled by def)184 432 Q +(ault.)-.1 E F1(lithist)144 444 Q F0 .655(If set, and the)15.55 F F1 +(cmdhist)3.155 E F0 .654(option is enabled, multi-line commands are sa) +3.154 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.154(dt).15 G 3.154(ot)-3.154 G .654(he history) +-3.154 F(with embedded ne)184 456 Q (wlines rather than using semicolon separators where possible.)-.25 E F1 -(login_shell)144 420 Q F0 .486 +(login_shell)144 468 Q F0 .486 (The shell sets this option if it is started as a login shell \(see)184 -432 R F2(INV)2.987 E(OCA)-.405 E(TION)-.855 E F0(abo)2.737 E -.15(ve) --.15 G 2.987(\). The).15 F -.25(va)184 444 S(lue may not be changed.).25 -E F1(mailwar)144 456 Q(n)-.15 E F0 .815(If set, and a \214le that)184 -468 R F1(bash)3.315 E F0 .814 +480 R F2(INV)2.987 E(OCA)-.405 E(TION)-.855 E F0(abo)2.737 E -.15(ve) +-.15 G 2.987(\). The).15 F -.25(va)184 492 S(lue may not be changed.).25 +E F1(mailwar)144 504 Q(n)-.15 E F0 .815(If set, and a \214le that)184 +516 R F1(bash)3.315 E F0 .814 (is checking for mail has been accessed since the last time it)3.315 F --.1(wa)184 480 S 2.5(sc).1 G(heck)-2.5 E(ed, the message `)-.1 E +-.1(wa)184 528 S 2.5(sc).1 G(heck)-2.5 E(ed, the message `)-.1 E (`The mail in)-.74 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(mail\214le)2.5 E F0 (has been read')2.5 E 2.5('i)-.74 G 2.5(sd)-2.5 G(isplayed.)-2.5 E F1 -(no_empty_cmd_completion)144 492 Q F0 .145(If set, and)184 504 R F1 -.18 +(no_empty_cmd_completion)144 540 Q F0 .145(If set, and)184 552 R F1 -.18 (re)2.645 G(adline).18 E F0 .145(is being used,)2.645 F F1(bash)2.646 E F0 .146(will not attempt to search the)2.646 F F1 -.74(PA)2.646 G(TH) -.21 E F0 .146(for possible)2.646 F -(completions when completion is attempted on an empty line.)184 516 Q F1 -(nocaseglob)144 528 Q F0 .437(If set,)184 540 R F1(bash)2.937 E F0 .436 +(completions when completion is attempted on an empty line.)184 564 Q F1 +(nocaseglob)144 576 Q F0 .437(If set,)184 588 R F1(bash)2.937 E F0 .436 (matches \214lenames in a case\255insensiti)2.937 F .736 -.15(ve f)-.25 -H .436(ashion when performing pathname).05 F -.15(ex)184 552 S +H .436(ashion when performing pathname).05 F -.15(ex)184 600 S (pansion \(see).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.5 G(thname Expansion).1 E F0(abo)2.5 E --.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1(nocasematch)144 564 Q F0 1.193(If set,)184 -576 R F1(bash)3.693 E F0 1.194(matches patterns in a case\255insensiti) +-.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1(nocasematch)144 612 Q F0 1.193(If set,)184 +624 R F1(bash)3.693 E F0 1.194(matches patterns in a case\255insensiti) 3.693 F 1.494 -.15(ve f)-.25 H 1.194(ashion when performing matching).05 -F(while e)184 588 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(case)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 -E F1([[)2.5 E F0(conditional commands.)2.5 E F1(nullglob)144 600 Q F0 -.855(If set,)184 612 R F1(bash)3.355 E F0(allo)3.355 E .855 +F(while e)184 636 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(case)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 +E F1([[)2.5 E F0(conditional commands.)2.5 E F1(nullglob)144 648 Q F0 +.855(If set,)184 660 R F1(bash)3.355 E F0(allo)3.355 E .855 (ws patterns which match no \214les \(see)-.25 F F1 -.1(Pa)3.354 G .854 (thname Expansion).1 F F0(abo)3.354 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.354(\)t).15 G(o) --3.354 E -.15(ex)184 624 S(pand to a null string, rather than themselv) -.15 E(es.)-.15 E F1(pr)144 636 Q(ogcomp)-.18 E F0 .676 -(If set, the programmable completion f)184 648 R .677(acilities \(see) +-3.354 E -.15(ex)184 672 S(pand to a null string, rather than themselv) +.15 E(es.)-.15 E F1(pr)144 684 Q(ogcomp)-.18 E F0 .676 +(If set, the programmable completion f)184 696 R .677(acilities \(see) -.1 F F1(Pr)3.177 E .677(ogrammable Completion)-.18 F F0(abo)3.177 E --.15(ve)-.15 G(\)).15 E(are enabled.)184 660 Q -(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(pr)144 672 Q(omptv) --.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 1.448(If set, prompt strings under)184 684 R 1.448 -(go parameter e)-.18 F 1.447(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic) --.15 F -.15(ex)184 696 S .17(pansion, and quote remo).15 F -.25(va)-.15 -G 2.67(la).25 G .17(fter being e)-2.67 F .17(xpanded as described in) --.15 F F2(PR)2.671 E(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(abo)2.421 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 -E(This option is enabled by def)184 708 Q(ault.)-.1 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 -768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(65)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +-.15(ve)-.15 G(\)).15 E(are enabled.)184 708 Q +(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q +(2009 December 23)135.965 E(65)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 66 66 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -.18(re)144 84 S(stricted_shell).18 E F0 -1.069 +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(pr)144 84 Q(omptv)-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 1.448 +(If set, prompt strings under)184 96 R 1.448(go parameter e)-.18 F 1.447 +(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic)-.15 F -.15(ex)184 108 S .17 +(pansion, and quote remo).15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.67(la).25 G .17 +(fter being e)-2.67 F .17(xpanded as described in)-.15 F/F2 9 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(PR)2.671 E(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(abo)2.421 E -.15(ve)-.15 G +(.).15 E(This option is enabled by def)184 120 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1 -.18(re) +144 132 S(stricted_shell).18 E F0 1.069 (The shell sets this option if it is started in restricted mode \(see) -184 96 R/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.069(RESTRICTED SHELL)3.569 F F0(belo)184 -108 Q 4.178(w\). The)-.25 F -.25(va)4.178 G 1.678 -(lue may not be changed.).25 F 1.678 -(This is not reset when the startup \214les are)6.678 F -.15(exe)184 120 -S(cuted, allo).15 E(wing the startup \214les to disco)-.25 E -.15(ve) --.15 G 2.5(rw).15 G(hether or not a shell is restricted.)-2.5 E F1 -(shift_v)144 132 Q(erbose)-.1 E F0 .502(If set, the)184 144 R F1(shift) -3.002 E F0 -.2(bu)3.002 G .501 +184 144 R F2 1.069(RESTRICTED SHELL)3.569 F F0(belo)184 156 Q 4.178 +(w\). The)-.25 F -.25(va)4.178 G 1.678(lue may not be changed.).25 F +1.678(This is not reset when the startup \214les are)6.678 F -.15(exe) +184 168 S(cuted, allo).15 E(wing the startup \214les to disco)-.25 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(rw).15 G(hether or not a shell is restricted.)-2.5 E +F1(shift_v)144 180 Q(erbose)-.1 E F0 .502(If set, the)184 192 R F1 +(shift)3.002 E F0 -.2(bu)3.002 G .501 (iltin prints an error message when the shift count e).2 F .501 -(xceeds the number)-.15 F(of positional parameters.)184 156 Q F1(sour) -144 168 Q(cepath)-.18 E F0 .77(If set, the)184 180 R F1(sour)3.27 E(ce) +(xceeds the number)-.15 F(of positional parameters.)184 204 Q F1(sour) +144 216 Q(cepath)-.18 E F0 .77(If set, the)184 228 R F1(sour)3.27 E(ce) -.18 E F0(\()3.27 E F1(.)A F0 3.27(\)b)C .77(uiltin uses the v)-3.47 F .771(alue of)-.25 F F2 -.666(PA)3.271 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .771 (to \214nd the directory containing the)3.021 F -(\214le supplied as an ar)184 192 Q 2.5(gument. This)-.18 F -(option is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(xpg_echo)144 204 Q F0 -(If set, the)184 216 Q F1(echo)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin e).2 E +(\214le supplied as an ar)184 240 Q 2.5(gument. This)-.18 F +(option is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(xpg_echo)144 252 Q F0 +(If set, the)184 264 Q F1(echo)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin e).2 E (xpands backslash-escape sequences by def)-.15 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(suspend) -108 228 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F0(])A 1.002(Suspend the e)144 240 R -.15 +108 276 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F0(])A 1.002(Suspend the e)144 288 R -.15 (xe)-.15 G 1.002(cution of this shell until it recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.501(sa).15 G F2(SIGCONT)A F0 3.501(signal. A)3.251 F 1.001 -(login shell cannot be)3.501 F .022(suspended; the)144 252 R F1 +(login shell cannot be)3.501 F .022(suspended; the)144 300 R F1 2.522 E F0 .022(option can be used to o)2.522 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .022 (rride this and force the suspension.).15 F .023(The return status is) -5.023 F 2.5(0u)144 264 S(nless the shell is a login shell and)-2.5 E F1 +5.023 F 2.5(0u)144 312 S(nless the shell is a login shell and)-2.5 E F1 2.5 E F0(is not supplied, or if job control is not enabled.)2.5 E -F1(test)108 276 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1([)108 -288 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(])2.5 E F0 1.15 +F1(test)108 324 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1([)108 +336 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(])2.5 E F0 1.15 (Return a status of 0 or 1 depending on the e)6.77 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.15 (luation of the conditional e).25 F(xpression)-.15 E F3 -.2(ex)3.65 G (pr).2 E F0 6.15(.E).73 G(ach)-6.15 E 1.187 -(operator and operand must be a separate ar)144 300 R 3.688 +(operator and operand must be a separate ar)144 348 R 3.688 (gument. Expressions)-.18 F 1.188(are composed of the primaries)3.688 F -1.89(described abo)144 312 R 2.19 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2 +1.89(described abo)144 360 R 2.19 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2 (CONDITION)4.39 E 1.89(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F1(test)6.39 E F0 1.889(does not accept an)4.389 F 4.389(yo)-.15 G 1.889 -(ptions, nor)-4.389 F(does it accept and ignore an ar)144 324 Q +(ptions, nor)-4.389 F(does it accept and ignore an ar)144 372 Q (gument of)-.18 E F12.5 E F0(as signifying the end of options.)2.5 -E .785(Expressions may be combined using the follo)144 342 R .786 +E .785(Expressions may be combined using the follo)144 390 R .786 (wing operators, listed in decreasing order of prece-)-.25 F 2.5 -(dence. The)144 354 R -.25(eva)2.5 G +(dence. The)144 402 R -.25(eva)2.5 G (luation depends on the number of ar).25 E(guments; see belo)-.18 E -.65 -(w.)-.25 G F1(!)144 366 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0 -.35(Tr)12.6 G +(w.)-.25 G F1(!)144 414 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0 -.35(Tr)12.6 G (ue if).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0(is f)3.23 E(alse.)-.1 E F1(\() -144 378 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(\))2.5 E F0 .26(Returns the v)6.77 +144 426 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(\))2.5 E F0 .26(Returns the v)6.77 F .26(alue of)-.25 F F3 -.2(ex)2.76 G(pr).2 E F0 5.26(.T)C .26 (his may be used to o)-5.26 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .26 -(rride the normal precedence of opera-).15 F(tors.)180 390 Q F3 -.2(ex) -144 402 S(pr1).2 E F02.5 E F1(a)A F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35 -(Tr)180 414 S(ue if both).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(and)2.5 E F3 --.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(are true.)2.52 E F3 -.2(ex)144 426 S(pr1).2 E -F02.5 E F1(o)A F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35(Tr)180 438 S +(rride the normal precedence of opera-).15 F(tors.)180 438 Q F3 -.2(ex) +144 450 S(pr1).2 E F02.5 E F1(a)A F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35 +(Tr)180 462 S(ue if both).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(and)2.5 E F3 +-.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(are true.)2.52 E F3 -.2(ex)144 474 S(pr1).2 E +F02.5 E F1(o)A F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35(Tr)180 486 S (ue if either).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(or)2.5 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G -(pr2).2 E F0(is true.)2.52 E F1(test)144 454.8 Q F0(and)2.5 E F1([)2.5 E +(pr2).2 E F0(is true.)2.52 E F1(test)144 502.8 Q F0(and)2.5 E F1([)2.5 E F0 -.25(eva)2.5 G(luate conditional e).25 E (xpressions using a set of rules based on the number of ar)-.15 E -(guments.)-.18 E 2.5(0a)144 472.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E(The e) -180 484.8 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(1a)144 496.8 S -.18 -(rg)-2.5 G(ument).18 E(The e)180 508.8 Q +(guments.)-.18 E 2.5(0a)144 520.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E(The e) +180 532.8 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(1a)144 544.8 S -.18 +(rg)-2.5 G(ument).18 E(The e)180 556.8 Q (xpression is true if and only if the ar)-.15 E(gument is not null.)-.18 -E 2.5(2a)144 520.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .37(If the \214rst ar) -180 532.8 R .37(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.87 E F0 2.87(,t)C .37(he e)-2.87 +E 2.5(2a)144 568.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .37(If the \214rst ar) +180 580.8 R .37(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.87 E F0 2.87(,t)C .37(he e)-2.87 F .37(xpression is true if and only if the second ar)-.15 F .37 -(gument is null.)-.18 F .38(If the \214rst ar)180 544.8 R .38 +(gument is null.)-.18 F .38(If the \214rst ar)180 592.8 R .38 (gument is one of the unary conditional operators listed abo)-.18 F .679 --.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(CONDI-)2.879 E(TION)180 556.8 Q .552 +-.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(CONDI-)2.879 E(TION)180 604.8 Q .552 (AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F F4(,)A F0 .552(the e)2.802 F .552 (xpression is true if the unary test is true.)-.15 F .552 -(If the \214rst ar)5.552 F(gu-)-.18 E(ment is not a v)180 568.8 Q +(If the \214rst ar)5.552 F(gu-)-.18 E(ment is not a v)180 616.8 Q (alid unary conditional operator)-.25 E 2.5(,t)-.4 G(he e)-2.5 E -(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(3a)144 580.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G -(uments).18 E .024(If the second ar)180 592.8 R .023 +(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(3a)144 628.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G +(uments).18 E .024(If the second ar)180 640.8 R .023 (gument is one of the binary conditional operators listed abo)-.18 F -.323 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(CON-)2.523 E(DITION)180 604.8 Q +.323 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(CON-)2.523 E(DITION)180 652.8 Q 1.477(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F F4(,)A F0 1.477(the result of the e)3.727 F 1.477(xpression is the result of the binary test)-.15 F .513 -(using the \214rst and third ar)180 616.8 R .513(guments as operands.) +(using the \214rst and third ar)180 664.8 R .513(guments as operands.) -.18 F(The)5.513 E F13.013 E F0(and)3.013 E F13.013 E F0 .512(operators are considered)3.013 F .972 -(binary operators when there are three ar)180 628.8 R 3.472(guments. If) +(binary operators when there are three ar)180 676.8 R 3.472(guments. If) -.18 F .972(the \214rst ar)3.472 F .972(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)3.472 E F0 -3.472(,t)C .972(he v)-3.472 F .972(alue is)-.25 F .884(the ne)180 640.8 +3.472(,t)C .972(he v)-3.472 F .972(alue is)-.25 F .884(the ne)180 688.8 R -.05(ga)-.15 G .884(tion of the tw).05 F(o-ar)-.1 E .884 (gument test using the second and third ar)-.18 F 3.383(guments. If)-.18 -F .883(the \214rst)3.383 F(ar)180 652.8 Q .874(gument is e)-.18 F +F .883(the \214rst)3.383 F(ar)180 700.8 Q .874(gument is e)-.18 F (xactly)-.15 E F1(\()3.374 E F0 .875(and the third ar)3.374 F .875 (gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(\))3.375 E F0 3.375(,t)C .875 (he result is the one-ar)-3.375 F(gument)-.18 E(test of the second ar) -180 664.8 Q 2.5(gument. Otherwise,)-.18 F(the e)2.5 E(xpression is f) --.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(4a)144 676.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .385 -(If the \214rst ar)180 688.8 R .385(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.885 E F0 -2.885(,t)C .385(he result is the ne)-2.885 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .384 -(tion of the three-ar).05 F .384(gument e)-.18 F .384(xpression com-) --.15 F 1.647(posed of the remaining ar)180 700.8 R 4.147 -(guments. Otherwise,)-.18 F 1.647(the e)4.147 F 1.648 -(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G(luated).25 E -(according to precedence using the rules listed abo)180 712.8 Q -.15(ve) --.15 G(.).15 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(66) -190.395 E 0 Cg EP +180 712.8 Q 2.5(gument. Otherwise,)-.18 F(the e)2.5 E(xpression is f) +-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(66) +185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 67 67 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E 2.5(5o)144 84 S 2.5(rm)-2.5 G(ore ar)-2.5 E(guments)-.18 E 1.635 -(The e)180 96 R 1.635(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G -1.635(luated according to precedence using the rules listed).25 F(abo) -180 108 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(times)108 124.8 Q -F0 1.229(Print the accumulated user and system times for the shell and \ -for processes run from the shell.)13.23 F(The return status is 0.)144 -136.8 Q F1(trap)108 153.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lp)A F0 2.5(][)C([)-2.5 E -/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(])A F2(sigspec)2.5 E F0(...]) -2.5 E .703(The command)144 165.6 R F2(ar)3.533 E(g)-.37 E F0 .703 +-.35 E 2.5(4a)144 84 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .385 +(If the \214rst ar)180 96 R .385(gument is)-.18 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF +(!)2.885 E F0 2.885(,t)C .385(he result is the ne)-2.885 F -.05(ga)-.15 +G .384(tion of the three-ar).05 F .384(gument e)-.18 F .384 +(xpression com-)-.15 F 1.647(posed of the remaining ar)180 108 R 4.147 +(guments. Otherwise,)-.18 F 1.647(the e)4.147 F 1.648 +(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G(luated).25 E +(according to precedence using the rules listed abo)180 120 Q -.15(ve) +-.15 G(.).15 E 2.5(5o)144 132 S 2.5(rm)-2.5 G(ore ar)-2.5 E(guments)-.18 +E 1.635(The e)180 144 R 1.635(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va) +-.25 G 1.635(luated according to precedence using the rules listed).25 F +(abo)180 156 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F1(times)108 172.8 Q F0 1.229(Pri\ +nt the accumulated user and system times for the shell and for processe\ +s run from the shell.)13.23 F(The return status is 0.)144 184.8 Q F1 +(trap)108 201.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lp)A F0 2.5(][)C([)-2.5 E/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(])A F2(sigspec)2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E +.703(The command)144 213.6 R F2(ar)3.533 E(g)-.37 E F0 .703 (is to be read and e)3.423 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .702 (cuted when the shell recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.202(ss).15 G (ignal\(s\))-3.202 E F2(sigspec)3.202 E F0 5.702(.I).31 G(f)-5.702 E F2 (ar)3.532 E(g)-.37 E F0(is)3.422 E .608(absent \(and there is a single) -144 177.6 R F2(sigspec)3.108 E F0 3.108(\)o)C(r)-3.108 E F13.108 E +144 225.6 R F2(sigspec)3.108 E F0 3.108(\)o)C(r)-3.108 E F13.108 E F0 3.108(,e)C .608 (ach speci\214ed signal is reset to its original disposition)-3.108 F -.659(\(the v)144 189.6 R .659(alue it had upon entrance to the shell\).) +.659(\(the v)144 237.6 R .659(alue it had upon entrance to the shell\).) -.25 F(If)5.658 E F2(ar)3.488 E(g)-.37 E F0 .658 (is the null string the signal speci\214ed by each)3.378 F F2(sigspec) -144.34 201.6 Q F0 .58(is ignored by the shell and by the commands it in) +144.34 249.6 Q F0 .58(is ignored by the shell and by the commands it in) 3.39 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.081(s. If).1 F F2(ar)3.411 E(g)-.37 E F0 .581(is not present and)3.301 F F13.081 E F0(has)3.081 E 1.215 -(been supplied, then the trap commands associated with each)144 213.6 R +(been supplied, then the trap commands associated with each)144 261.6 R F2(sigspec)4.054 E F0 1.214(are displayed.)4.024 F 1.214(If no ar)6.214 -F(gu-)-.18 E .86(ments are supplied or if only)144 225.6 R F13.36 +F(gu-)-.18 E .86(ments are supplied or if only)144 273.6 R F13.36 E F0 .86(is gi)3.36 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n,).15 E F1(trap)3.36 E F0 .86 (prints the list of commands associated with each)3.36 F 2.83 -(signal. The)144 237.6 R F12.83 E F0 .33(option causes the shell \ +(signal. The)144 285.6 R F12.83 E F0 .33(option causes the shell \ to print a list of signal names and their corresponding num-)2.83 F 4.31 -(bers. Each)144 249.6 R F2(sigspec)4.65 E F0 1.811 +(bers. Each)144 297.6 R F2(sigspec)4.65 E F0 1.811 (is either a signal name de\214ned in <)4.62 F F2(signal.h)A F0 1.811 (>, or a signal number)B 6.811(.S)-.55 G(ignal)-6.811 E -(names are case insensiti)144 261.6 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -(nd the SIG pre\214x is optional.).15 E 1.649(If a)144 279.6 R F2 +(names are case insensiti)144 309.6 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H +(nd the SIG pre\214x is optional.).15 E 1.649(If a)144 327.6 R F2 (sigspec)4.489 E F0(is)4.459 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(EXIT)4.149 E F0 1.649(\(0\) the command)3.899 F F2(ar)4.479 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.649(is e) 4.369 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.649(cuted on e).15 F 1.648(xit from the shell.) -.15 F 1.648(If a)6.648 F F2(sigspec)4.488 E F0(is)4.458 E F3(DEB)144 -291.6 Q(UG)-.09 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 1.167(the command)3.417 F +339.6 Q(UG)-.09 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 1.167(the command)3.417 F F2(ar)3.997 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.167(is e)3.887 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.167 (cuted before e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E F2 1.168(simple command) 3.667 F F0(,)A F2(for)3.668 E F0(command,)3.668 E F2(case)3.668 E F0 -(com-)3.668 E(mand,)144 303.6 Q F2(select)2.647 E F0 .147(command, e) +(com-)3.668 E(mand,)144 351.6 Q F2(select)2.647 E F0 .147(command, e) 2.647 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .147(ry arithmetic).15 F F2(for)2.647 E F0 .146 (command, and before the \214rst command e)2.647 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .146 -(cutes in a).15 F .145(shell function \(see)144 315.6 R F3 .145 +(cutes in a).15 F .145(shell function \(see)144 363.6 R F3 .145 (SHELL GRAMMAR)2.645 F F0(abo)2.395 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.646(\). Refer).15 F .146(to the description of the)2.646 F F1(extdeb)2.646 E(ug)-.2 E F0 -.146(option to)2.646 F(the)144 327.6 Q F1(shopt)3.201 E F0 -.2(bu)3.201 +.146(option to)2.646 F(the)144 375.6 Q F1(shopt)3.201 E F0 -.2(bu)3.201 G .7(iltin for details of its ef).2 F .7(fect on the)-.25 F F1(DEB)3.2 E (UG)-.1 E F0 3.2(trap. If)3.2 F(a)3.2 E F2(sigspec)3.54 E F0(is)3.51 E -F3(RETURN)3.2 E F4(,)A F0 .7(the com-)2.95 F(mand)144 339.6 Q F2(ar) +F3(RETURN)3.2 E F4(,)A F0 .7(the com-)2.95 F(mand)144 387.6 Q F2(ar) 3.473 E(g)-.37 E F0 .643(is e)3.363 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .643 (cuted each time a shell function or a script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .644(cuted with the).15 F F1(.)3.144 E F0(or)3.144 E F1(sour)3.144 E(ce) --.18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.144 G(iltins).2 E(\214nishes e)144 351.6 Q -.15(xe) --.15 G(cuting.).15 E .929(If a)144 369.6 R F2(sigspec)3.769 E F0(is) +-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.144 G(iltins).2 E(\214nishes e)144 399.6 Q -.15(xe) +-.15 G(cuting.).15 E .929(If a)144 417.6 R F2(sigspec)3.769 E F0(is) 3.739 E F3(ERR)3.429 E F4(,)A F0 .929(the command)3.179 F F2(ar)3.759 E (g)-.37 E F0 .929(is e)3.649 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .929(cuted whene).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.429(ras).15 G .928(imple command has a non\255zero) --3.429 F -.15(ex)144 381.6 S 1.008(it status, subject to the follo).15 F +-3.429 F -.15(ex)144 429.6 S 1.008(it status, subject to the follo).15 F 1.009(wing conditions.)-.25 F(The)6.009 E F3(ERR)3.509 E F0 1.009 (trap is not e)3.259 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.009(cuted if the f).15 F 1.009 (ailed com-)-.1 F .324 -(mand is part of the command list immediately follo)144 393.6 R .324 +(mand is part of the command list immediately follo)144 441.6 R .324 (wing a)-.25 F F1(while)2.824 E F0(or)2.824 E F1(until)2.824 E F0 -.1 (ke)2.824 G(yw)-.05 E .324(ord, part of the test)-.1 F 1.128(in an)144 -405.6 R F2(if)3.639 E F0 1.129(statement, part of a command e)5.589 F +453.6 R F2(if)3.639 E F0 1.129(statement, part of a command e)5.589 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.129(cuted in a).15 F F1(&&)3.629 E F0(or)3.629 E/F5 10 /Symbol SF3.629 E F0 1.129(list, or if the command')3.629 F 3.629 -(sr)-.55 G(eturn)-3.629 E -.25(va)144 417.6 S(lue is being in).25 E -.15 +(sr)-.55 G(eturn)-3.629 E -.25(va)144 465.6 S(lue is being in).25 E -.15 (ve)-.4 G(rted via).15 E F1(!)2.5 E F0 5(.T)C (hese are the same conditions obe)-5 E(yed by the)-.15 E F1(err)2.5 E (exit)-.18 E F0(option.)2.5 E 1.095 (Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset.)144 -435.6 R -.35(Tr)6.095 G 1.095(apped signals that are not).35 F .662 -(being ignored are reset to their original v)144 447.6 R .662 +483.6 R -.35(Tr)6.095 G 1.095(apped signals that are not).35 F .662 +(being ignored are reset to their original v)144 495.6 R .662 (alues in a subshell or subshell en)-.25 F .662(vironment when one is) --.4 F 2.5(created. The)144 459.6 R(return status is f)2.5 E(alse if an) +-.4 F 2.5(created. The)144 507.6 R(return status is f)2.5 E(alse if an) -.1 E(y)-.15 E F2(sigspec)2.84 E F0(is in)2.81 E -.25(va)-.4 G (lid; otherwise).25 E F1(trap)2.5 E F0(returns true.)2.5 E F1(type)108 -476.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aftpP)A F0(])A F2(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2 -(name)A F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 488.4 S .174 +524.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aftpP)A F0(])A F2(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2 +(name)A F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 536.4 S .174 (th no options, indicate ho).4 F 2.674(we)-.25 G(ach)-2.674 E F2(name) 3.034 E F0 -.1(wo)2.854 G .173 (uld be interpreted if used as a command name.).1 F .173(If the)5.173 F -F1144 500.4 Q F0 .842(option is used,)3.342 F F1(type)3.342 E F0 +F1144 548.4 Q F0 .842(option is used,)3.342 F F1(type)3.342 E F0 .843(prints a string which is one of)3.343 F F2(alias)3.343 E F0(,).27 E F2 -.1(ke)3.343 G(ywor)-.2 E(d)-.37 E F0(,).77 E F2(function)3.343 E F0 (,).24 E F2 -.2(bu)3.343 G(iltin).2 E F0 3.343(,o).24 G(r)-3.343 E F2 -(\214le)5.253 E F0(if)3.523 E F2(name)144.36 512.4 Q F0 .087 +(\214le)5.253 E F0(if)3.523 E F2(name)144.36 560.4 Q F0 .087 (is an alias, shell reserv)2.767 F .087(ed w)-.15 F .087 (ord, function, b)-.1 F .086(uiltin, or disk \214le, respecti)-.2 F -.15 (ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.086(.I)-.65 G 2.586(ft)-5.086 G(he)-2.586 E F2 (name)2.946 E F0 .086(is not)2.766 F .118 -(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 524.4 R .118 +(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 572.4 R .118 (xit status of f)-.15 F .118(alse is returned.)-.1 F .119(If the)5.119 F F12.619 E F0 .119(option is used,)2.619 F F1(type)2.619 E F0 .855 -(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 536.4 R .855 +(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 584.4 R .855 (ould be e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .855(cuted if).15 F F2(name)3.715 E F0 .855(were speci\214ed as a com-)3.535 F .64(mand name, or nothing if)144 -548.4 R/F6 10/Courier@0 SF .64(type -t name)3.14 F F0 -.1(wo)3.14 G .641 +596.4 R/F6 10/Courier@0 SF .64(type -t name)3.14 F F0 -.1(wo)3.14 G .641 (uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)3.141 E F0 5.641(.T).18 G(he)-5.641 E F1 3.141 E F0 .641(option forces a)3.141 F F3 -.666(PA)3.141 G(TH) --.189 E F0 .113(search for each)144 560.4 R F2(name)2.613 E F0 2.613(,e) +-.189 E F0 .113(search for each)144 608.4 R F2(name)2.613 E F0 2.613(,e) C -.15(ve)-2.863 G 2.613(ni).15 G(f)-2.613 E F6 .113(type -t name)2.613 F F0 -.1(wo)2.613 G .113(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)2.613 E F0 5.113 (.I).18 G 2.613(fa)-5.113 G .112(command is hashed,)-.001 F F1 -2.612 E F0(and)144 572.4 Q F12.944 E F0 .444(print the hashed v) +2.612 E F0(and)144 620.4 Q F12.944 E F0 .444(print the hashed v) 2.944 F .444(alue, not necessarily the \214le that appears \214rst in) -.25 F F3 -.666(PA)2.945 G(TH)-.189 E F4(.)A F0 .445(If the)4.945 F F1 -2.945 E F0(option)2.945 E .265(is used,)144 584.4 R F1(type)2.765 +2.945 E F0(option)2.945 E .265(is used,)144 632.4 R F1(type)2.765 E F0 .265(prints all of the places that contain an e)2.765 F -.15(xe) -.15 G .265(cutable named).15 F F2(name)2.765 E F0 5.265(.T).18 G .265 (his includes aliases)-5.265 F .426(and functions, if and only if the) -144 596.4 R F12.926 E F0 .426(option is not also used.)2.926 F +144 644.4 R F12.926 E F0 .426(option is not also used.)2.926 F .427(The table of hashed commands is not)5.426 F .549 -(consulted when using)144 608.4 R F13.049 E F0 5.549(.T)C(he) +(consulted when using)144 656.4 R F13.049 E F0 5.549(.T)C(he) -5.549 E F13.049 E F0 .548 (option suppresses shell function lookup, as with the)3.049 F F1 -(command)3.048 E F0 -.2(bu)144 620.4 S(iltin.).2 E F1(type)5 E F0 +(command)3.048 E F0 -.2(bu)144 668.4 S(iltin.).2 E F1(type)5 E F0 (returns true if all of the ar)2.5 E(guments are found, f)-.18 E -(alse if an)-.1 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re not found.)-2.5 E F1(ulimit)108 637.2 +(alse if an)-.1 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re not found.)-2.5 E F1(ulimit)108 685.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255HST)A(abcde\214lmnpqrstuvx)-.92 E F0([)2.5 E F2 -(limit)A F0(]])A(Pro)144 649.2 Q .243(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve) +(limit)A F0(]])A(Pro)144 697.2 Q .243(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve) -.15 G 2.743(rt).15 G .243(he resources a)-2.743 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244 (ilable to the shell and to processes started by it, on systems).25 F -.944(that allo)144 661.2 R 3.444(ws)-.25 G .944(uch control.)-3.444 F +.944(that allo)144 709.2 R 3.444(ws)-.25 G .944(uch control.)-3.444 F (The)5.944 E F13.444 E F0(and)3.444 E F13.444 E F0 .943 (options specify that the hard or soft limit is set for the)3.444 F(gi) -144 673.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.708(nr).15 G 2.708(esource. A)-2.708 F .208 +144 721.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.708(nr).15 G 2.708(esource. A)-2.708 F .208 (hard limit cannot be increased by a non-root user once it is set; a so\ -ft limit may)2.708 F .426(be increased up to the v)144 685.2 R .426 -(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .425(If neither)5.426 F F12.925 E -F0(nor)2.925 E F12.925 E F0 .425 +ft limit may)2.708 F(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E +(67)185.955 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 68 68 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) +-.35 E .426(be increased up to the v)144 84 R .426 +(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .425(If neither)5.426 F/F1 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF2.925 E F0(nor)2.925 E F12.925 E F0 .425 (is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.925 F .139(hard limits are set.)144 -697.2 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F2(limit)2.729 E F0 .139 +96 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF +(limit)2.729 E F0 .139 (can be a number in the unit speci\214ed for the resource or one)3.319 F -.742(of the special v)144 709.2 R(alues)-.25 E F1(hard)3.242 E F0(,)A F1 +.742(of the special v)144 108 R(alues)-.25 E F1(hard)3.242 E F0(,)A F1 (soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F1(unlimited)3.241 E F0 3.241(,w) C .741(hich stand for the current hard limit, the current)-3.241 F .78 -(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 721.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E +(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 120 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.78(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.78 E F2(limit)3.37 E F0 .78 (is omitted, the current v)3.96 F .78(alue of the soft limit of the)-.25 -F(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(67)190.395 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 68 68 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E .499(resource is printed, unless the)144 84 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF2.999 E F0 .499(option is gi)2.999 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.999 -(n. When).15 F .498(more than one resource is speci\214ed, the)2.999 F -(limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 96 Q 2.5(alue. Other) --.25 F(options are interpreted as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F1144 108 -Q F0(All current limits are reported)25.3 E F1144 120 Q F0 +F .499(resource is printed, unless the)144 132 R F12.999 E F0 .499 +(option is gi)2.999 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.999(n. When).15 F .498 +(more than one resource is speci\214ed, the)2.999 F +(limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 144 Q 2.5(alue. Other) +-.25 F(options are interpreted as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F1144 156 +Q F0(All current limits are reported)25.3 E F1144 168 Q F0 (The maximum sock)24.74 E(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E(fer size)-.25 E F1 -144 132 Q F0(The maximum size of core \214les created)25.86 E F1 -144 144 Q F0(The maximum size of a process')24.74 E 2.5(sd)-.55 G -(ata se)-2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F1144 156 Q F0 -(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))25.86 E F1144 168 Q F0 +144 180 Q F0(The maximum size of core \214les created)25.86 E F1 +144 192 Q F0(The maximum size of a process')24.74 E 2.5(sd)-.55 G +(ata se)-2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F1144 204 Q F0 +(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))25.86 E F1144 216 Q F0 (The maximum size of \214les written by the shell and its children)26.97 -E F1144 180 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)27.52 E F1 -144 192 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)27.52 E -(ed into memory)-.1 E F1144 204 Q F0 +E F1144 228 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)27.52 E F1 +144 240 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)27.52 E +(ed into memory)-.1 E F1144 252 Q F0 (The maximum resident set size \(man)21.97 E 2.5(ys)-.15 G -(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F1144 216 Q F0 .791(The \ +(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F1144 264 Q F0 .791(The \ maximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do not allo) 24.74 F 3.291(wt)-.25 G .791(his v)-3.291 F .791(alue to)-.25 F -(be set\))180 228 Q F1144 240 Q F0 +(be set\))180 276 Q F1144 288 Q F0 (The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))24.74 E F1 -144 252 Q F0(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues) -24.74 E F1144 264 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority) -25.86 E F1144 276 Q F0(The maximum stack size)26.41 E F1144 -288 Q F0(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)26.97 E F1144 -300 Q F0(The maximum number of processes a)24.74 E -.25(va)-.2 G -(ilable to a single user).25 E F1144 312 Q F0 +144 300 Q F0(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues) +24.74 E F1144 312 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority) +25.86 E F1144 324 Q F0(The maximum stack size)26.41 E F1144 +336 Q F0(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)26.97 E F1144 +348 Q F0(The maximum number of processes a)24.74 E -.25(va)-.2 G +(ilable to a single user).25 E F1144 360 Q F0 (The maximum amount of virtual memory a)25.3 E -.25(va)-.2 G -(ilable to the shell).25 E F1144 324 Q F0 -(The maximum number of \214le locks)25.3 E F1144 336 Q F0 -(The maximum number of threads)23.63 E(If)144 352.8 Q/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(limit)2.933 E F0 .343(is gi)3.523 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -.343(n, it is the ne).15 F 2.843(wv)-.25 G .343 -(alue of the speci\214ed resource \(the)-3.093 F F12.843 E F0 .343 -(option is display only\).)2.843 F .343(If no)5.343 F .175(option is gi) -144 364.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .175(n, then).15 F F12.675 E F0 .175 -(is assumed.)2.675 F -1.11(Va)5.175 G .175 +(ilable to the shell).25 E F1144 372 Q F0 +(The maximum number of \214le locks)25.3 E F1144 384 Q F0 +(The maximum number of threads)23.63 E(If)144 400.8 Q F2(limit)2.933 E +F0 .343(is gi)3.523 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .343(n, it is the ne).15 F 2.843 +(wv)-.25 G .343(alue of the speci\214ed resource \(the)-3.093 F F1 +2.843 E F0 .343(option is display only\).)2.843 F .343(If no)5.343 F +.175(option is gi)144 412.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .175(n, then).15 F F1 +2.675 E F0 .175(is assumed.)2.675 F -1.11(Va)5.175 G .175 (lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .176(xcept for)-.15 F F1 -2.676 E F0 2.676(,w)C .176(hich is in)-2.676 F(seconds,)144 376.8 +2.676 E F0 2.676(,w)C .176(hich is in)-2.676 F(seconds,)144 424.8 Q F12.516 E F0 2.516(,w)C .016 (hich is in units of 512-byte blocks, and)-2.516 F F12.516 E F0(,) A F12.515 E F0(,)A F12.515 E F0 2.515(,a)C(nd)-2.515 E F1 2.515 E F0 2.515(,w)C .015(hich are unscaled v)-2.515 F(al-)-.25 E -3.787(ues. The)144 388.8 R 1.287(return status is 0 unless an in)3.787 F +3.787(ues. The)144 436.8 R 1.287(return status is 0 unless an in)3.787 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.287(lid option or ar).25 F 1.287 (gument is supplied, or an error occurs)-.18 F(while setting a ne)144 -400.8 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(imit.)-2.5 E F1(umask)108 417.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 +448.8 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(imit.)-2.5 E F1(umask)108 465.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(mode)-2.5 E F0(])A .2 -(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 429.6 R F2(mode)2.7 E F0 +(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 477.6 R F2(mode)2.7 E F0 5.2(.I).18 G(f)-5.2 E F2(mode)3.08 E F0(be)2.88 E .2 (gins with a digit, it is interpreted as an octal)-.15 F .066(number; o\ therwise it is interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that acce\ -pted by)144 441.6 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144 -453.6 Q F2(mode)3.263 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.063 F .382 +pted by)144 489.6 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144 +501.6 Q F2(mode)3.263 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.063 F .382 (alue of the mask is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.382 E F12.882 E F0 .382 (option causes the mask to be)2.882 F .547 -(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 465.6 R .547 +(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 513.6 R .547 (ault output is an octal number)-.1 F 5.547(.I)-.55 G 3.047(ft)-5.547 G (he)-3.047 E F13.047 E F0 .547(option is supplied, and)3.047 F F2 -(mode)144.38 477.6 Q F0 .552 +(mode)144.38 525.6 Q F0 .552 (is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.)3.232 -F .551(The return status is 0 if the)5.551 F(mode w)144 489.6 Q +F .551(The return status is 0 if the)5.551 F(mode w)144 537.6 Q (as successfully changed or if no)-.1 E F2(mode)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E (gument w)-.18 E(as supplied, and f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F1 -(unalias)108 506.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0 -(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 518.4 Q 1.955 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(name) +(unalias)108 554.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0 +(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 566.4 Q 1.955 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(name) 4.155 E F0 1.655(from the list of de\214ned aliases.)4.155 F(If)6.655 E F14.155 E F0 1.655(is supplied, all alias de\214nitions are)4.155 -F(remo)144 530.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E +F(remo)144 578.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E (alue is true unless a supplied)-.25 E F2(name)2.86 E F0 -(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F1(unset)108 547.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1 -(fv)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 559.2 S 3.107 +(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F1(unset)108 595.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1 +(fv)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 607.2 S 3.107 (re).15 G(ach)-3.107 E F2(name)3.107 E F0 3.107(,r).18 G(emo)-3.107 E .907 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .607(he corresponding v).15 F .607 (ariable or function.)-.25 F .606(If no options are supplied, or the) -5.607 F F1144 571.2 Q F0 .304(option is gi)2.804 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +5.607 F F1144 619.2 Q F0 .304(option is gi)2.804 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .304(n, each).15 F F2(name)3.164 E F0 .305(refers to a shell v)2.985 F 2.805(ariable. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)2.805 G .305 -(riables may not be unset.).25 F(If)5.305 E F1144 583.2 Q F0 .46 +(riables may not be unset.).25 F(If)5.305 E F1144 631.2 Q F0 .46 (is speci\214ed, each)2.96 F F2(name)3.32 E F0 .459 (refers to a shell function, and the function de\214nition is remo)3.14 -F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.959(d. Each).15 F .902(unset v)144 595.2 R .902 +F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.959(d. Each).15 F .902(unset v)144 643.2 R .902 (ariable or function is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.402(df).15 G .902 (rom the en)-3.402 F .903(vironment passed to subsequent commands.)-.4 F -(If)5.903 E(an)144 607.2 Q 4.285(yo)-.15 G(f)-4.285 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 +(If)5.903 E(an)144 655.2 Q 4.285(yo)-.15 G(f)-4.285 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(RANDOM)4.285 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3(SECONDS)4.035 E F4(,)A F3 (LINENO)4.035 E F4(,)A F3(HISTCMD)4.035 E F4(,)A F3(FUNCN)4.035 E(AME) -.18 E F4(,)A F3(GR)4.035 E(OUPS)-.27 E F4(,)A F0(or)4.035 E F3(DIRST) 4.284 E -.495(AC)-.81 G(K).495 E F0(are)4.034 E .328(unset, the)144 -619.2 R 2.828(yl)-.15 G .328(ose their special properties, e)-2.828 F +667.2 R 2.828(yl)-.15 G .328(ose their special properties, e)-2.828 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.828(ni).15 G 2.828(ft)-2.828 G(he)-2.828 E 2.828(ya) -.15 G .328(re subsequently reset.)-2.828 F .328(The e)5.328 F .329 -(xit status is true)-.15 F(unless a)144 631.2 Q F2(name)2.86 E F0 -(is readonly)2.68 E(.)-.65 E F1(wait)108 648 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 2.5(n.)C -(..)-2.5 E F0(])A -.8(Wa)144 660 S .288 +(xit status is true)-.15 F(unless a)144 679.2 Q F2(name)2.86 E F0 +(is readonly)2.68 E(.)-.65 E F1(wait)108 696 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 2.5(n.)C +(..)-2.5 E F0(])A -.8(Wa)144 708 S .288 (it for each speci\214ed process and return its termination status.).8 F (Each)5.288 E F2(n)3.148 E F0 .287(may be a process ID or a)3.028 F .722 -(job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 672 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .722 +(job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 720 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .722 (n, all processes in that job').15 F 3.222(sp)-.55 G .722(ipeline are w) -3.222 F .722(aited for)-.1 F 5.722(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.722 E F2(n)3.583 E F0 -(is)3.463 E 1.266(not gi)144 684 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.266 -(n, all currently acti).15 F 1.566 -.15(ve c)-.25 H 1.265 -(hild processes are w).15 F 1.265(aited for)-.1 F 3.765(,a)-.4 G 1.265 -(nd the return status is zero.)-3.765 F(If)6.265 E F2(n)4.125 E F0 .456 -(speci\214es a non-e)144 696 R .457 -(xistent process or job, the return status is 127.)-.15 F .457 -(Otherwise, the return status is the)5.457 F -.15(ex)144 708 S -(it status of the last process or job w).15 E(aited for)-.1 E(.)-.55 E -(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(68)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +(is)3.463 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23)135.965 E(68)185.955 +E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 69 69 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(RESTRICTED SHELL)72 84 Q F0(If)108 96 Q -/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(bash)4.397 E F0 1.897(is started with the name) -4.397 F F2(rbash)4.397 E F0 4.397(,o)C 4.397(rt)-4.397 G(he)-4.397 E F2 +-.35 E 1.266(not gi)144 84 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.266(n, all currently acti) +.15 F 1.566 -.15(ve c)-.25 H 1.265(hild processes are w).15 F 1.265 +(aited for)-.1 F 3.765(,a)-.4 G 1.265(nd the return status is zero.) +-3.765 F(If)6.265 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)4.125 E F0 .456 +(speci\214es a non-e)144 96 R .457 +(xistent process or job, the return status is 127.)-.15 F .457 +(Otherwise, the return status is the)5.457 F -.15(ex)144 108 S +(it status of the last process or job w).15 E(aited for)-.1 E(.)-.55 E +/F2 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(RESTRICTED SHELL)72 124.8 Q F0(If)108 136.8 Q +/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(bash)4.397 E F0 1.897(is started with the name) +4.397 F F3(rbash)4.397 E F0 4.397(,o)C 4.397(rt)-4.397 G(he)-4.397 E F3 4.397 E F0 1.896(option is supplied at in)4.397 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -1.896(cation, the shell becomes).2 F 3.445(restricted. A)108 108 R .945 -(restricted shell is used to set up an en)3.445 F .946 +1.896(cation, the shell becomes).2 F 3.445(restricted. A)108 148.8 R +.945(restricted shell is used to set up an en)3.445 F .946 (vironment more controlled than the standard shell.)-.4 F(It)5.946 E -(beha)108 120 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(si).15 G(dentically to)-2.5 E F2(bash) -2.5 E F0(with the e)2.5 E(xception that the follo)-.15 E +(beha)108 160.8 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(si).15 G(dentically to)-2.5 E F3 +(bash)2.5 E F0(with the e)2.5 E(xception that the follo)-.15 E (wing are disallo)-.25 E(wed or not performed:)-.25 E 32.5<8363>108 -136.8 S(hanging directories with)-32.5 E F2(cd)2.5 E F0 32.5<8373>108 -153.6 S(etting or unsetting the v)-32.5 E(alues of)-.25 E F2(SHELL)2.5 E -F0(,)A F2 -.74(PA)2.5 G(TH)-.21 E F0(,)A F2(ENV)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C(r)-2.5 -E F2 -.3(BA)2.5 G(SH_ENV).3 E F0 32.5<8373>108 170.4 S -(pecifying command names containing)-32.5 E F2(/)2.5 E F0 32.5<8373>108 -187.2 S(pecifying a \214le name containing a)-32.5 E F2(/)2.5 E F0 -(as an ar)2.5 E(gument to the)-.18 E F2(.)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)5 G -(iltin command).2 E 32.5<8353>108 204 S .351 +177.6 S(hanging directories with)-32.5 E F3(cd)2.5 E F0 32.5<8373>108 +194.4 S(etting or unsetting the v)-32.5 E(alues of)-.25 E F3(SHELL)2.5 E +F0(,)A F3 -.74(PA)2.5 G(TH)-.21 E F0(,)A F3(ENV)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C(r)-2.5 +E F3 -.3(BA)2.5 G(SH_ENV).3 E F0 32.5<8373>108 211.2 S +(pecifying command names containing)-32.5 E F3(/)2.5 E F0 32.5<8373>108 +228 S(pecifying a \214le name containing a)-32.5 E F3(/)2.5 E F0 +(as an ar)2.5 E(gument to the)-.18 E F3(.)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)5 G +(iltin command).2 E 32.5<8353>108 244.8 S .351 (pecifying a \214lename containing a slash as an ar)-32.5 F .351 -(gument to the)-.18 F F22.851 E F0 .351(option to the)2.851 F F2 -(hash)2.851 E F0 -.2(bu)2.851 G .351(iltin com-).2 F(mand)144 216 Q 32.5 -<8369>108 232.8 S(mporting function de\214nitions from the shell en) --32.5 E(vironment at startup)-.4 E 32.5<8370>108 249.6 S(arsing the v) --32.5 E(alue of)-.25 E F2(SHELLOPTS)2.5 E F0(from the shell en)2.5 E -(vironment at startup)-.4 E 32.5<8372>108 266.4 S(edirecting output usi\ +(gument to the)-.18 F F32.851 E F0 .351(option to the)2.851 F F3 +(hash)2.851 E F0 -.2(bu)2.851 G .351(iltin com-).2 F(mand)144 256.8 Q +32.5<8369>108 273.6 S(mporting function de\214nitions from the shell en) +-32.5 E(vironment at startup)-.4 E 32.5<8370>108 290.4 S(arsing the v) +-32.5 E(alue of)-.25 E F3(SHELLOPTS)2.5 E F0(from the shell en)2.5 E +(vironment at startup)-.4 E 32.5<8372>108 307.2 S(edirecting output usi\ ng the >, >|, <>, >&, &>, and >> redirection operators)-32.5 E 32.5 -<8375>108 283.2 S(sing the)-32.5 E F2(exec)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G +<8375>108 324 S(sing the)-32.5 E F3(exec)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G (iltin command to replace the shell with another command).2 E 32.5<8361> -108 300 S(dding or deleting b)-32.5 E(uiltin commands with the)-.2 E F2 -2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F22.5 E F0(options to the)2.5 E F2 -(enable)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command).2 E 32.5<8355>108 316.8 S -(sing the)-32.5 E F2(enable)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G +108 340.8 S(dding or deleting b)-32.5 E(uiltin commands with the)-.2 E +F32.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F32.5 E F0(options to the)2.5 E F3 +(enable)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command).2 E 32.5<8355>108 357.6 S +(sing the)-32.5 E F3(enable)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G (iltin command to enable disabled shell b).2 E(uiltins)-.2 E 32.5<8373> -108 333.6 S(pecifying the)-32.5 E F22.5 E F0(option to the)2.5 E -F2(command)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command).2 E 32.5<8374>108 350.4 -S(urning of)-32.5 E 2.5(fr)-.25 G(estricted mode with)-2.5 E F2(set +r) -2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F2(set +o r)2.5 E(estricted)-.18 E F0(.)A -(These restrictions are enforced after an)108 367.2 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G +108 374.4 S(pecifying the)-32.5 E F32.5 E F0(option to the)2.5 E +F3(command)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command).2 E 32.5<8374>108 391.2 +S(urning of)-32.5 E 2.5(fr)-.25 G(estricted mode with)-2.5 E F3(set +r) +2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F3(set +o r)2.5 E(estricted)-.18 E F0(.)A +(These restrictions are enforced after an)108 408 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G (tartup \214les are read.)-2.5 E 1.566 -(When a command that is found to be a shell script is e)108 384 R -.15 -(xe)-.15 G 1.567(cuted \(see).15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.567 -(COMMAND EXECUTION)4.067 F F0(abo)3.817 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\),).15 E F2 -(rbash)108 396 Q F0(turns of)2.5 E 2.5(fa)-.25 G .3 -.15(ny r)-2.5 H +(When a command that is found to be a shell script is e)108 424.8 R -.15 +(xe)-.15 G 1.567(cuted \(see).15 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.567 +(COMMAND EXECUTION)4.067 F F0(abo)3.817 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\),).15 E F3 +(rbash)108 436.8 Q F0(turns of)2.5 E 2.5(fa)-.25 G .3 -.15(ny r)-2.5 H (estrictions in the shell spa).15 E(wned to e)-.15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G -(cute the script.).15 E F1(SEE ALSO)72 412.8 Q/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -(Bash Refer)108 424.8 Q(ence Manual)-.37 E F0 2.5(,B)C(rian F)-2.5 E -(ox and Chet Rame)-.15 E(y)-.15 E F4(The Gnu Readline Libr)108 436.8 Q -(ary)-.15 E F0 2.5(,B)C(rian F)-2.5 E(ox and Chet Rame)-.15 E(y)-.15 E -F4(The Gnu History Libr)108 448.8 Q(ary)-.15 E F0 2.5(,B)C(rian F)-2.5 E -(ox and Chet Rame)-.15 E(y)-.15 E F4 -.8(Po)108 460.8 S(rtable Oper).8 E +(cute the script.).15 E F2(SEE ALSO)72 453.6 Q F1(Bash Refer)108 465.6 Q +(ence Manual)-.37 E F0 2.5(,B)C(rian F)-2.5 E(ox and Chet Rame)-.15 E(y) +-.15 E F1(The Gnu Readline Libr)108 477.6 Q(ary)-.15 E F0 2.5(,B)C +(rian F)-2.5 E(ox and Chet Rame)-.15 E(y)-.15 E F1(The Gnu History Libr) +108 489.6 Q(ary)-.15 E F0 2.5(,B)C(rian F)-2.5 E(ox and Chet Rame)-.15 E +(y)-.15 E F1 -.8(Po)108 501.6 S(rtable Oper).8 E (ating System Interface \(POSIX\) P)-.15 E(art 2: Shell and Utilities) --.8 E F0 2.5(,I)C(EEE)-2.5 E F4(sh)108 472.8 Q F0(\(1\),)A F4(ksh)2.5 E -F0(\(1\),)A F4(csh)2.5 E F0(\(1\))A F4(emacs)108 484.8 Q F0(\(1\),)A F4 -(vi)2.5 E F0(\(1\))A F4 -.37(re)108 496.8 S(adline).37 E F0(\(3\))A F1 -(FILES)72 513.6 Q F4(/bin/bash)109.666 525.6 Q F0(The)144 537.6 Q F2 -(bash)2.5 E F0 -.15(exe)2.5 G(cutable).15 E F4(/etc/pr)109.666 549.6 Q -(o\214le)-.45 E F0(The systemwide initialization \214le, e)144 561.6 Q --.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted for login shells).15 E F4(~/.bash_pr)109.666 573.6 -Q(o\214le)-.45 E F0(The personal initialization \214le, e)144 585.6 Q --.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted for login shells).15 E F4(~/.bashr)109.666 597.6 Q -(c)-.37 E F0(The indi)144 609.6 Q(vidual per)-.25 E(-interacti)-.2 E --.15(ve)-.25 G(-shell startup \214le).15 E F4(~/.bash_lo)109.666 621.6 Q -(gout)-.1 E F0(The indi)144 633.6 Q +-.8 E F0 2.5(,I)C(EEE)-2.5 E F1(sh)108 513.6 Q F0(\(1\),)A F1(ksh)2.5 E +F0(\(1\),)A F1(csh)2.5 E F0(\(1\))A F1(emacs)108 525.6 Q F0(\(1\),)A F1 +(vi)2.5 E F0(\(1\))A F1 -.37(re)108 537.6 S(adline).37 E F0(\(3\))A F2 +(FILES)72 554.4 Q F1(/bin/bash)109.666 566.4 Q F0(The)144 578.4 Q F3 +(bash)2.5 E F0 -.15(exe)2.5 G(cutable).15 E F1(/etc/pr)109.666 590.4 Q +(o\214le)-.45 E F0(The systemwide initialization \214le, e)144 602.4 Q +-.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted for login shells).15 E F1(~/.bash_pr)109.666 614.4 +Q(o\214le)-.45 E F0(The personal initialization \214le, e)144 626.4 Q +-.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted for login shells).15 E F1(~/.bashr)109.666 638.4 Q +(c)-.37 E F0(The indi)144 650.4 Q(vidual per)-.25 E(-interacti)-.2 E +-.15(ve)-.25 G(-shell startup \214le).15 E F1(~/.bash_lo)109.666 662.4 Q +(gout)-.1 E F0(The indi)144 674.4 Q (vidual login shell cleanup \214le, e)-.25 E -.15(xe)-.15 G -(cuted when a login shell e).15 E(xits)-.15 E F4(~/.inputr)109.666 645.6 -Q(c)-.37 E F0(Indi)144 657.6 Q(vidual)-.25 E F4 -.37(re)2.5 G(adline).37 -E F0(initialization \214le)2.5 E F1 -.548(AU)72 674.4 S(THORS).548 E F0 -(Brian F)108 686.4 Q(ox, Free Softw)-.15 E(are F)-.1 E(oundation)-.15 E -(bfox@gnu.or)108 698.4 Q(g)-.18 E(Chet Rame)108 715.2 Q 1.3 -.65(y, C) --.15 H(ase W).65 E(estern Reserv)-.8 E 2.5(eU)-.15 G(ni)-2.5 E -.15(ve) --.25 G(rsity).15 E(chet.rame)108 727.2 Q(y@case.edu)-.15 E(GNU Bash-4.1) -72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 E(69)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +(cuted when a login shell e).15 E(xits)-.15 E F1(~/.inputr)109.666 686.4 +Q(c)-.37 E F0(Indi)144 698.4 Q(vidual)-.25 E F1 -.37(re)2.5 G(adline).37 +E F0(initialization \214le)2.5 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23) +135.965 E(69)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 70 70 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF -.11(BU)72 84 S 2.738(GR).11 G(EPOR) --2.738 E(TS)-.438 E F0 .568(If you \214nd a b)108 96 R .568(ug in)-.2 F -/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(bash,)3.068 E F0 .568(you should report it.)3.068 -F .568(But \214rst, you should mak)5.568 F 3.068(es)-.1 G .568 -(ure that it really is a b)-3.068 F .567(ug, and)-.2 F 5.625 -(that it appears in the latest v)108 108 R 5.625(ersion of)-.15 F F2 -(bash)8.125 E F0 10.625(.T)C 5.625(he latest v)-10.625 F 5.626 +-.35 E/F1 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF -.548(AU)72 84 S(THORS).548 E F0 +(Brian F)108 96 Q(ox, Free Softw)-.15 E(are F)-.1 E(oundation)-.15 E +(bfox@gnu.or)108 108 Q(g)-.18 E(Chet Rame)108 124.8 Q 1.3 -.65(y, C)-.15 +H(ase W).65 E(estern Reserv)-.8 E 2.5(eU)-.15 G(ni)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G +(rsity).15 E(chet.rame)108 136.8 Q(y@case.edu)-.15 E F1 -.11(BU)72 153.6 +S 2.738(GR).11 G(EPOR)-2.738 E(TS)-.438 E F0 .568(If you \214nd a b)108 +165.6 R .568(ug in)-.2 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(bash,)3.068 E F0 .568 +(you should report it.)3.068 F .568(But \214rst, you should mak)5.568 F +3.068(es)-.1 G .568(ure that it really is a b)-3.068 F .567(ug, and)-.2 +F 5.625(that it appears in the latest v)108 177.6 R 5.625(ersion of)-.15 +F F2(bash)8.125 E F0 10.625(.T)C 5.625(he latest v)-10.625 F 5.626 (ersion is al)-.15 F -.1(wa)-.1 G 5.626(ys a).1 F -.25(va)-.2 G 5.626 -(ilable from).25 F/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ftp://ftp.gnu.or)108 120 Q -(g/pub/bash/)-.37 E F0(.)A .411(Once you ha)108 136.8 R .711 -.15(ve d) +(ilable from).25 F/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ftp://ftp.gnu.or)108 189.6 Q +(g/pub/bash/)-.37 E F0(.)A .411(Once you ha)108 206.4 R .711 -.15(ve d) -.2 H .411(etermined that a b).15 F .411(ug actually e)-.2 F .411 (xists, use the)-.15 F F3(bashb)3.18 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .41 (command to submit a b)3.13 F .41(ug report.)-.2 F(If)5.41 E .594 -(you ha)108 148.8 R .894 -.15(ve a \214)-.2 H .595 +(you ha)108 218.4 R .894 -.15(ve a \214)-.2 H .595 (x, you are encouraged to mail that as well!).15 F .595 (Suggestions and `philosophical' b)5.595 F .595(ug reports may)-.2 F -(be mailed to)108 160.8 Q F3 -.2(bu)2.5 G(g-bash@gnu.or).2 E(g)-.37 E F0 +(be mailed to)108 230.4 Q F3 -.2(bu)2.5 G(g-bash@gnu.or).2 E(g)-.37 E F0 (or posted to the Usenet ne)2.5 E(wsgroup)-.25 E F2(gnu.bash.b)2.5 E(ug) --.2 E F0(.)A(ALL b)108 177.6 Q(ug reports should include:)-.2 E(The v) -108 194.4 Q(ersion number of)-.15 E F2(bash)2.5 E F0(The hardw)108 206.4 -Q(are and operating system)-.1 E(The compiler used to compile)108 218.4 -Q 2.5(Ad)108 230.4 S(escription of the b)-2.5 E(ug beha)-.2 E(viour)-.2 -E 2.5(As)108 242.4 S(hort script or `recipe' which e)-2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 -G(rcises the b).15 E(ug)-.2 E F3(bashb)108.27 259.2 Q(ug)-.2 E F0 +-.2 E F0(.)A(ALL b)108 247.2 Q(ug reports should include:)-.2 E(The v) +108 264 Q(ersion number of)-.15 E F2(bash)2.5 E F0(The hardw)108 276 Q +(are and operating system)-.1 E(The compiler used to compile)108 288 Q +2.5(Ad)108 300 S(escription of the b)-2.5 E(ug beha)-.2 E(viour)-.2 E +2.5(As)108 312 S(hort script or `recipe' which e)-2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G +(rcises the b).15 E(ug)-.2 E F3(bashb)108.27 328.8 Q(ug)-.2 E F0 (inserts the \214rst three items automatically into the template it pro) 2.72 E(vides for \214ling a b)-.15 E(ug report.)-.2 E(Comments and b)108 -276 Q(ug reports concerning this manual page should be directed to)-.2 E -F3 -.15(ch)2.5 G(et@po.cwru.edu).15 E F0(.).25 E F1 -.11(BU)72 292.8 S -(GS).11 E F0(It')108 304.8 Q 2.5(st)-.55 G(oo big and too slo)-2.5 E --.65(w.)-.25 G 1.869(There are some subtle dif)108 321.6 R 1.869 +345.6 Q(ug reports concerning this manual page should be directed to)-.2 +E F3 -.15(ch)2.5 G(et@po.cwru.edu).15 E F0(.).25 E F1 -.11(BU)72 362.4 S +(GS).11 E F0(It')108 374.4 Q 2.5(st)-.55 G(oo big and too slo)-2.5 E +-.65(w.)-.25 G 1.869(There are some subtle dif)108 391.2 R 1.869 (ferences between)-.25 F F2(bash)4.369 E F0 1.869(and traditional v) 4.369 F 1.869(ersions of)-.15 F F2(sh)4.368 E F0 4.368(,m)C 1.868 -(ostly because of the)-4.368 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(POSIX)108 333.6 Q F0 -(speci\214cation.)2.25 E(Aliases are confusing in some uses.)108 350.4 Q -(Shell b)108 367.2 Q +(ostly because of the)-4.368 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(POSIX)108 403.2 Q F0 +(speci\214cation.)2.25 E(Aliases are confusing in some uses.)108 420 Q +(Shell b)108 436.8 Q (uiltin commands and functions are not stoppable/restartable.)-.2 E 1.315(Compound commands and command sequences of the form `a ; b ; c' a\ -re not handled gracefully when)108 384 R .39 -(process suspension is attempted.)108 396 R .389 +re not handled gracefully when)108 453.6 R .39 +(process suspension is attempted.)108 465.6 R .389 (When a process is stopped, the shell immediately e)5.39 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .389(cutes the ne).15 F .389(xt com-)-.15 F .192 -(mand in the sequence.)108 408 R .192(It suf)5.192 F .192(\214ces to pl\ -ace the sequence of commands between parentheses to force it into a)-.25 -F(subshell, which may be stopped as a unit.)108 420 Q(Array v)108 436.8 -Q(ariables may not \(yet\) be e)-.25 E(xported.)-.15 E -(There may be only one acti)108 453.6 Q .3 -.15(ve c)-.25 H -(oprocess at a time.).15 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 October 16)140.405 -E(70)190.395 E 0 Cg EP +(mand in the sequence.)108 477.6 R .192(It suf)5.192 F .192(\214ces to \ +place the sequence of commands between parentheses to force it into a) +-.25 F(subshell, which may be stopped as a unit.)108 489.6 Q(Array v)108 +506.4 Q(ariables may not \(yet\) be e)-.25 E(xported.)-.15 E +(There may be only one acti)108 523.2 Q .3 -.15(ve c)-.25 H +(oprocess at a time.).15 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 23) +135.965 E(70)185.955 E 0 Cg EP %%Trailer end %%EOF diff --git a/doc/bashref.bt b/doc/bashref.bt index 7d013d2d2..c289223e1 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.bt +++ b/doc/bashref.bt @@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ \entry{type}{49}{\code {type}} \entry{typeset}{49}{\code {typeset}} \entry{ulimit}{49}{\code {ulimit}} -\entry{unalias}{50}{\code {unalias}} +\entry{unalias}{51}{\code {unalias}} \entry{set}{51}{\code {set}} \entry{shopt}{55}{\code {shopt}} \entry{dirs}{81}{\code {dirs}} diff --git a/doc/bashref.bts b/doc/bashref.bts index 50c053e83..76f2272b7 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.bts +++ b/doc/bashref.bts @@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ \initial {U} \entry {\code {ulimit}}{49} \entry {\code {umask}}{41} -\entry {\code {unalias}}{50} +\entry {\code {unalias}}{51} \entry {\code {unset}}{41} \initial {W} \entry {\code {wait}}{91} diff --git a/doc/bashref.dvi b/doc/bashref.dvi index 7e143a1e5..7ee067724 100644 Binary files a/doc/bashref.dvi and b/doc/bashref.dvi differ diff --git a/doc/bashref.html b/doc/bashref.html index 1ff31afed..9a008e68e 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.html +++ b/doc/bashref.html @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ - +