From: Michael Kerrisk Date: Thu, 6 Aug 2020 19:43:46 +0000 (+0200) Subject: intro.1, clock_getres.2, clone.2, futex.2, ioctl_fat.2, mkdir.2, mknod.2, mmap.2... X-Git-Tag: man-pages-5.08~14 X-Git-Url: http://git.ipfire.org/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi?a=commitdiff_plain;h=af2d18b2c26ede995f8e41c5a8fe3ad6331dce98;p=thirdparty%2Fman-pages.git intro.1, clock_getres.2, clone.2, futex.2, ioctl_fat.2, mkdir.2, mknod.2, mmap.2, open.2, statx.2, umask.2, userfaultfd.2, glob.3, mkfifo.3, termios.3, wordexp.3, console_codes.4, sk98lin.4, vcs.4, dir_colors.5, hosts.equiv.5, proc.5, termcap.5, utmp.5, ascii.7, bpf-helpers.7, charsets.7, environ.7, glob.7, mailaddr.7, netlink.7, operator.7, suffixes.7, tcp.7, unicode.7, uri.7, zic.8: Use "\(ti" instead of "~" A naked tilde ("~") renders poorly in PDF. Instead use "\(ti", which renders better in a PDF, and produces the same glyph when rendering on a terminal. Reported-by: Geoff Clare Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk --- diff --git a/man1/intro.1 b/man1/intro.1 index 10da19f60a..f7b637213b 100644 --- a/man1/intro.1 +++ b/man1/intro.1 @@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ and .I pwd commands and explore .I cd -usage: "cd", "cd .", "cd ..", "cd /" and "cd ~". +usage: "cd", "cd .", "cd ..", "cd /" and "cd \(ti". .SS Directories The command .I mkdir diff --git a/man2/clock_getres.2 b/man2/clock_getres.2 index 9e9ce0f432..83bf9cb231 100644 --- a/man2/clock_getres.2 +++ b/man2/clock_getres.2 @@ -248,8 +248,8 @@ dynamic clock ID. .in +4n .EX #define CLOCKFD 3 -#define FD_TO_CLOCKID(fd) ((~(clockid_t) (fd) << 3) | CLOCKFD) -#define CLOCKID_TO_FD(clk) ((unsigned int) ~((clk) >> 3)) +#define FD_TO_CLOCKID(fd) ((\(ti(clockid_t) (fd) << 3) | CLOCKFD) +#define CLOCKID_TO_FD(clk) ((unsigned int) \(ti((clk) >> 3)) struct timeval tv; clockid_t clkid; diff --git a/man2/clone.2 b/man2/clone.2 index 0f7c0b8984..aa366690fa 100644 --- a/man2/clone.2 +++ b/man2/clone.2 @@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ l l l li li l. clone() clone3() Notes \fIcl_args\fP field -flags & ~0xff flags For most flags; details below +flags & \(ti0xff flags For most flags; details below parent_tid pidfd See CLONE_PIDFD child_tid child_tid See CLONE_CHILD_SETTID parent_tid parent_tid See CLONE_PARENT_SETTID diff --git a/man2/futex.2 b/man2/futex.2 index 47d814225f..d4646a8537 100644 --- a/man2/futex.2 +++ b/man2/futex.2 @@ -662,7 +662,7 @@ component has one of the following values: FUTEX_OP_SET 0 /* uaddr2 = oparg; */ FUTEX_OP_ADD 1 /* uaddr2 += oparg; */ FUTEX_OP_OR 2 /* uaddr2 |= oparg; */ -FUTEX_OP_ANDN 3 /* uaddr2 &= ~oparg; */ +FUTEX_OP_ANDN 3 /* uaddr2 &= \(tioparg; */ FUTEX_OP_XOR 4 /* uaddr2 ^= oparg; */ .EE .in diff --git a/man2/ioctl_fat.2 b/man2/ioctl_fat.2 index 7b1a3ef4ac..ba4a8ff6a1 100644 --- a/man2/ioctl_fat.2 +++ b/man2/ioctl_fat.2 @@ -424,7 +424,7 @@ The following was recorded when applying the program to the directory $ \fB./fat_dir /mnt/user\fP \[char46] -> '' \[char46]. -> '' -ALONGF~1.TXT -> 'a long filename.txt' +ALONGF\(ti1.TXT -> 'a long filename.txt' UPPER.TXT -> '' LOWER.TXT -> 'lower.txt' .EE diff --git a/man2/mkdir.2 b/man2/mkdir.2 index 951f6bd92a..d5fc49f2fd 100644 --- a/man2/mkdir.2 +++ b/man2/mkdir.2 @@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ It is modified by the process's .I umask in the usual way: in the absence of a default ACL, the mode of the created directory is -.RI ( mode " & ~" umask " & 0777)." +.RI ( mode " & \(ti" umask " & 0777)." Whether other .I mode bits are honored for the created directory depends on the operating system. diff --git a/man2/mknod.2 b/man2/mknod.2 index 072a4cb1a5..6917fb62f1 100644 --- a/man2/mknod.2 +++ b/man2/mknod.2 @@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ The file mode is modified by the process's .I umask in the usual way: in the absence of a default ACL, the permissions of the created node are -.RI ( mode " & ~" umask ). +.RI ( mode " & \(ti" umask ). .PP The file type must be one of .BR S_IFREG , diff --git a/man2/mmap.2 b/man2/mmap.2 index 88a16e3e85..af49b75be5 100644 --- a/man2/mmap.2 +++ b/man2/mmap.2 @@ -949,7 +949,7 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[]) handle_error("fstat"); offset = atoi(argv[2]); - pa_offset = offset & ~(sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE) \- 1); + pa_offset = offset & \(ti(sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE) \- 1); /* offset for mmap() must be page aligned */ if (offset >= sb.st_size) { diff --git a/man2/open.2 b/man2/open.2 index f7e4b31971..21ed2db228 100644 --- a/man2/open.2 +++ b/man2/open.2 @@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ The effective mode is modified by the process's .I umask in the usual way: in the absence of a default ACL, the mode of the created file is -.IR "(mode\ &\ ~umask)" . +.IR "(mode\ &\ \(tiumask)" . .IP Note that .I mode diff --git a/man2/statx.2 b/man2/statx.2 index 57607f6d81..121fc675a7 100644 --- a/man2/statx.2 +++ b/man2/statx.2 @@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ is an ORed combination of the following constants: .TS lB l. STATX_TYPE Want stx_mode & S_IFMT -STATX_MODE Want stx_mode & ~S_IFMT +STATX_MODE Want stx_mode & \(tiS_IFMT STATX_NLINK Want stx_nlink STATX_UID Want stx_uid STATX_GID Want stx_gid diff --git a/man2/umask.2 b/man2/umask.2 index e74e8ef06b..6c97a05dcf 100644 --- a/man2/umask.2 +++ b/man2/umask.2 @@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IROTH .EE .in .PP -(because 0666 & ~022 = 0644; i.e., rw\-r\-\-r\-\-). +(because 0666 & \(ti022 = 0644; i.e., rw\-r\-\-r\-\-). .SH RETURN VALUE This system call always succeeds and the previous value of the mask is returned. diff --git a/man2/userfaultfd.2 b/man2/userfaultfd.2 index 25a32dbf56..fee6d45cc9 100644 --- a/man2/userfaultfd.2 +++ b/man2/userfaultfd.2 @@ -666,7 +666,7 @@ fault_handler_thread(void *arg) So, round faulting address down to page boundary */ uffdio_copy.dst = (unsigned long) msg.arg.pagefault.address & - ~(page_size \- 1); + \(ti(page_size \- 1); uffdio_copy.len = page_size; uffdio_copy.mode = 0; uffdio_copy.copy = 0; diff --git a/man3/glob.3 b/man3/glob.3 index b562326a08..5bac5c797a 100644 --- a/man3/glob.3 +++ b/man3/glob.3 @@ -175,11 +175,11 @@ even if there is no file with that name. .TP .B GLOB_TILDE Carry out tilde expansion. -If a tilde (\(aq~\(aq) is the only character in the pattern, +If a tilde (\(aq\(ti\(aq) is the only character in the pattern, or an initial tilde is followed immediately by a slash (\(aq/\(aq), then the home directory of the caller is substituted for the tilde. -If an initial tilde is followed by a username (e.g., "~andrea/bin"), +If an initial tilde is followed by a username (e.g., "\(tiandrea/bin"), then the tilde and username are substituted by the home directory of that user. If the username is invalid, or the home directory cannot be diff --git a/man3/mkfifo.3 b/man3/mkfifo.3 index 314c7cb5ba..96db79af7e 100644 --- a/man3/mkfifo.3 +++ b/man3/mkfifo.3 @@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ makes a FIFO special file with name \fIpathname\fP. \fImode\fP specifies the FIFO's permissions. It is modified by the process's \fBumask\fP in the usual way: the permissions of the created -file are \fB(\fP\fImode\fP\fB & ~umask)\fP. +file are \fB(\fP\fImode\fP\fB & \(tiumask)\fP. .PP A FIFO special file is similar to a pipe, except that it is created in a different way. diff --git a/man3/termios.3 b/man3/termios.3 index e80db9e269..9dc2d2c009 100644 --- a/man3/termios.3 +++ b/man3/termios.3 @@ -845,11 +845,11 @@ The terminal attributes are set as follows: .PP .in +4n .EX -termios_p\->c_iflag &= ~(IGNBRK | BRKINT | PARMRK | ISTRIP +termios_p\->c_iflag &= \(ti(IGNBRK | BRKINT | PARMRK | ISTRIP | INLCR | IGNCR | ICRNL | IXON); -termios_p\->c_oflag &= ~OPOST; -termios_p\->c_lflag &= ~(ECHO | ECHONL | ICANON | ISIG | IEXTEN); -termios_p\->c_cflag &= ~(CSIZE | PARENB); +termios_p\->c_oflag &= \(tiOPOST; +termios_p\->c_lflag &= \(ti(ECHO | ECHONL | ICANON | ISIG | IEXTEN); +termios_p\->c_cflag &= \(ti(CSIZE | PARENB); termios_p\->c_cflag |= CS8; .EE .in diff --git a/man3/wordexp.3 b/man3/wordexp.3 index 328baf32fb..d9805e1dcc 100644 --- a/man3/wordexp.3 +++ b/man3/wordexp.3 @@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ then it is unspecified whether that word and all following words are ignored, or the # is treated as a non-comment character. .SS The expansion The expansion done consists of the following stages: -tilde expansion (replacing ~user by user's home directory), +tilde expansion (replacing \(tiuser by user's home directory), variable substitution (replacing $FOO by the value of the environment variable FOO), command substitution (replacing $(command) or \`command\` by the output of command), arithmetic expansion, field splitting, diff --git a/man4/console_codes.4 b/man4/console_codes.4 index 2958d6221f..97d1a430e6 100644 --- a/man4/console_codes.4 +++ b/man4/console_codes.4 @@ -583,7 +583,7 @@ ESC n LS2 Invoke the G2 character set. ESC o LS3 Invoke the G3 character set. ESC | LS3R Invoke the G3 character set as GR. ESC } LS2R Invoke the G2 character set as GR. -ESC ~ LS1R Invoke the G1 character set as GR. +ESC \(ti LS1R Invoke the G1 character set as GR. .TE .PP It also recognizes ESC % and provides a more complete UTF-8 diff --git a/man4/sk98lin.4 b/man4/sk98lin.4 index 33b77478ce..93a3e4c53b 100644 --- a/man4/sk98lin.4 +++ b/man4/sk98lin.4 @@ -156,13 +156,13 @@ which can be found on the Internet: .PP .IR VLAN \c : -.UR http://www.candelatech.com\:/~greear\:/vlan.html +.UR http://www.candelatech.com\:/\(tigreear\:/vlan.html .UE .br .I Link .IR Aggregation \c : -.UR http://www.st.rim.or.jp\:/~yumo +.UR http://www.st.rim.or.jp\:/\(tiyumo .UE .PP Note that Marvell/SysKonnect does not offer any support for these diff --git a/man4/vcs.4 b/man4/vcs.4 index dfa7e87437..f8a43d68f3 100644 --- a/man4/vcs.4 +++ b/man4/vcs.4 @@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ main(void) ch = s & 0xff; if (s & mask) ch |= 0x100; - attrib = ((s & ~mask) >> 8); + attrib = ((s & \(timask) >> 8); printf("ch=0x%03x attrib=0x%02x\en", ch, attrib); s ^= 0x1000; (void) lseek(fd, \-2, SEEK_CUR); diff --git a/man5/dir_colors.5 b/man5/dir_colors.5 index c51bb8e851..5dc566dfc1 100644 --- a/man5/dir_colors.5 +++ b/man5/dir_colors.5 @@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ ends in .\fIextension\fR. Note that the period is included in the extension, which makes it impossible to specify an extension not starting with a period, such as -.B ~ +.B \(ti for .B emacs backup files. @@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ hash mark as the first character. .I /etc/DIR_COLORS System-wide configuration file. .TP -.I ~/.dir_colors +.I \(ti/.dir_colors Per-user configuration file. .PP This page describes the diff --git a/man5/hosts.equiv.5 b/man5/hosts.equiv.5 index 791b9da144..c50110ecf0 100644 --- a/man5/hosts.equiv.5 +++ b/man5/hosts.equiv.5 @@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ the particular service Below are some example .I /etc/host.equiv or -.I ~/.rhosts +.I \(ti/.rhosts files. .PP Allow any user to log in from any host: diff --git a/man5/proc.5 b/man5/proc.5 index 42d3465f51..08f9e4f2db 100644 --- a/man5/proc.5 +++ b/man5/proc.5 @@ -3544,7 +3544,7 @@ It is more eligible to be reclaimed for other purposes. .IR HighTotal " %lu" (Starting with Linux 2.6.19, \fBCONFIG_HIGHMEM\fP is required.) Total amount of highmem. -Highmem is all memory above ~860 MB of physical memory. +Highmem is all memory above \(ti860 MB of physical memory. Highmem areas are for use by user-space programs, or for the page cache. The kernel must use tricks to access diff --git a/man5/termcap.5 b/man5/termcap.5 index bef2727c61..9ec1fe9821 100644 --- a/man5/termcap.5 +++ b/man5/termcap.5 @@ -462,7 +462,7 @@ u right tee (+) v bottom tee (+) w normal tee (+) x vertical line (|) -~ paragraph (???) +\(ti paragraph (???) .fi .PP The values in parentheses are suggested defaults which are used by the diff --git a/man5/utmp.5 b/man5/utmp.5 index cac291942e..b8809f20b5 100644 --- a/man5/utmp.5 +++ b/man5/utmp.5 @@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ The \fIwtmp\fP file records all logins and logouts. Its format is exactly like \fIutmp\fP except that a null username indicates a logout on the associated terminal. -Furthermore, the terminal name \fB~\fP +Furthermore, the terminal name \fB\(ti\fP with username \fBshutdown\fP or \fBreboot\fP indicates a system shutdown or reboot and the pair of terminal names \fB|\fP/\fB}\fP logs the old/new system time when diff --git a/man7/ascii.7 b/man7/ascii.7 index 2f66e17e53..ff3cd32704 100644 --- a/man7/ascii.7 +++ b/man7/ascii.7 @@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ _ 073 59 3B ; 173 123 7B { 074 60 3C < 174 124 7C | 075 61 3D = 175 125 7D } -076 62 3E > 176 126 7E ~ +076 62 3E > 176 126 7E \(ti 077 63 3F ? 177 127 7F DEL .TE .if t \{\ @@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ For convenience, below are more compact tables in hex and decimal. 3: # 3 C S c s 3: ! + 5 ? I S ] g q { 4: $ 4 D T d t 4: " , 6 @ J T ^ h r | 5: % 5 E U e u 5: # \- 7 A K U _ i s } -6: & 6 F V f v 6: $ . 8 B L V \` j t ~ +6: & 6 F V f v 6: $ . 8 B L V \` j t \(ti 7: \(aq 7 G W g w 7: % / 9 C M W a k u DEL 8: ( 8 H X h x 8: & 0 : D N X b l v 9: ) 9 I Y i y 9: \(aq 1 ; E O Y c m w @@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ A: * : J Z j z B: + ; K [ k { C: , < L \e l | D: \- = M ] m } -E: . > N ^ n ~ +E: . > N ^ n \(ti F: / ? O _ o DEL .if t \{\ .in diff --git a/man7/bpf-helpers.7 b/man7/bpf-helpers.7 index 1142283417..c8b3c7710b 100644 --- a/man7/bpf-helpers.7 +++ b/man7/bpf-helpers.7 @@ -1674,7 +1674,7 @@ callback: .INDENT 7.0 .TP .B \fBbpf_sock_ops_cb_flags_set(bpf_sock,\fP -\fBbpf_sock\->bpf_sock_ops_cb_flags & ~BPF_SOCK_OPS_RTO_CB_FLAG)\fP +\fBbpf_sock\->bpf_sock_ops_cb_flags & \(tiBPF_SOCK_OPS_RTO_CB_FLAG)\fP .UNINDENT .sp Here are some examples of where one could call such eBPF diff --git a/man7/charsets.7 b/man7/charsets.7 index 439ea73437..6e19357bf2 100644 --- a/man7/charsets.7 +++ b/man7/charsets.7 @@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ G0 always has size 94 and uses codes 041\(en0176. .PP Switching between character sets is done using the shift functions \fB^N\fP (SO or LS1), \fB^O\fP (SI or LS0), ESC n (LS2), ESC o (LS3), -ESC N (SS2), ESC O (SS3), ESC ~ (LS1R), ESC } (LS2R), ESC | (LS3R). +ESC N (SS2), ESC O (SS3), ESC \(ti (LS1R), ESC } (LS2R), ESC | (LS3R). The function LS\fIn\fP makes character set G\fIn\fP the current one for codes with high bit zero. The function LS\fIn\fPR makes character set G\fIn\fP the current one diff --git a/man7/environ.7 b/man7/environ.7 index b97f8e93da..8d51455cdd 100644 --- a/man7/environ.7 +++ b/man7/environ.7 @@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ The user's preferred utility to edit text files. .\" .TP .\" .B BROWSER .\" The user's preferred utility to browse URLs. Sequence of colon-separated -.\" browser commands. See http://www.catb.org/~esr/BROWSER/ . +.\" browser commands. See http://www.catb.org/\(tiesr/BROWSER/ . .PP Names may be placed in the shell's environment by the .I export diff --git a/man7/glob.7 b/man7/glob.7 index 7d52c2bd6c..89569b8d97 100644 --- a/man7/glob.7 +++ b/man7/glob.7 @@ -127,13 +127,13 @@ one can force the classical behavior using this command: For example, where old scripts have .PP .nf - rm \`find . \-name "*~"\` + rm \`find . \-name "*\(ti"\` .fi .PP new scripts require .PP .nf - rm \-f nosuchfile \`find . \-name "*~"\` + rm \-f nosuchfile \`find . \-name "*\(ti"\` .fi .PP to avoid error messages from diff --git a/man7/mailaddr.7 b/man7/mailaddr.7 index b8542cd062..1281084f2d 100644 --- a/man7/mailaddr.7 +++ b/man7/mailaddr.7 @@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ The "postmaster" address is not case sensitive. .SH FILES .I /etc/aliases .br -.I ~/.forward +.I \(ti/.forward .SH SEE ALSO .BR mail (1), .BR aliases (5), diff --git a/man7/netlink.7 b/man7/netlink.7 index 8b6b01b4d0..324be83c04 100644 --- a/man7/netlink.7 +++ b/man7/netlink.7 @@ -573,7 +573,7 @@ for (nh = (struct nlmsghdr *) buf; NLMSG_OK (nh, len); information about libnetlink .UE .PP -.UR http://www.infradead.org\:/~tgr\:/libnl/ +.UR http://www.infradead.org\:/\(titgr\:/libnl/ information about libnl .UE .PP diff --git a/man7/operator.7 b/man7/operator.7 index 551aab667f..73d08b6340 100644 --- a/man7/operator.7 +++ b/man7/operator.7 @@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ lb lb lb l l l. Operator Associativity Notes () [] \-> . ++ \-\- left to right [1] -! ~ ++ \-\- + \- (type) * & sizeof right to left [2] +! \(ti ++ \-\- + \- (type) * & sizeof right to left [2] * / % left to right + \- left to right << >> left to right diff --git a/man7/suffixes.7 b/man7/suffixes.7 index 6063bacb90..766db80409 100644 --- a/man7/suffixes.7 +++ b/man7/suffixes.7 @@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ Suffix File type .z File compressed using \fBpack\fP(1) (or an old \fBgzip\fP(1)) .zip \fBzip\fP(1) archive .zoo \fBzoo\fP(1) archive - ~ Emacs or \fBpatch\fP(1) backup file + \(ti Emacs or \fBpatch\fP(1) backup file rc startup (`run control') file, e.g., \fI.newsrc\fP .TE .SH CONFORMING TO diff --git a/man7/tcp.7 b/man7/tcp.7 index d91c6534f1..d983a8f9a2 100644 --- a/man7/tcp.7 +++ b/man7/tcp.7 @@ -580,7 +580,7 @@ the orphaned connection is reset and a warning is printed. This limit exists only to prevent simple denial-of-service attacks. Lowering this limit is not recommended. Network conditions might require you to increase the number of -orphans allowed, but note that each orphan can eat up to ~64\ kB +orphans allowed, but note that each orphan can eat up to \(ti64\ kB of unswappable memory. The default initial value is set equal to the kernel parameter NR_FILE. This initial default is adjusted depending on the memory in the system. diff --git a/man7/unicode.7 b/man7/unicode.7 index efb3897c56..a6b0157c4a 100644 --- a/man7/unicode.7 +++ b/man7/unicode.7 @@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ Unicode Technical Reports. .IP * Markus Kuhn: UTF-8 and Unicode FAQ for UNIX/Linux. .RS -.UR http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk\:/~mgk25\:/unicode.html +.UR http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk\:/\(timgk25\:/unicode.html .UE .RE .IP * diff --git a/man7/uri.7 b/man7/uri.7 index a978db71e2..db7b6d1a40 100644 --- a/man7/uri.7 +++ b/man7/uri.7 @@ -503,7 +503,7 @@ include uppercase and lowercase English letters, decimal digits, and the following limited set of punctuation marks and symbols: .IP - \- _ . ! ~ * ' ( ) + \- _ . ! \(ti * ' ( ) .PP All other characters must be escaped. An escaped octet is encoded as a character triplet, consisting of the @@ -523,7 +523,7 @@ A URI is always shown in its "escaped" form. Unreserved characters can be escaped without changing the semantics of the URI, but this should not be done unless the URI is being used in a context that does not allow the unescaped character to appear. -For example, "%7e" is sometimes used instead of "~" in an HTTP URL +For example, "%7e" is sometimes used instead of "\(ti" in an HTTP URL path, but the two are equivalent for an HTTP URL. .PP For URIs which must handle characters outside the US ASCII character set, @@ -554,7 +554,7 @@ This latter system, called the 'new' or 'logical' quoting system by is preferred practice in Great Britain and hackers worldwide (see the Jargon File's section on Hacker Writing Style, -.UR http://www.fwi.uva.nl\:/~mes\:/jargon\:/h\:/HackerWritingStyle.html +.UR http://www.fwi.uva.nl\:/\(times\:/jargon\:/h\:/HackerWritingStyle.html .UE , for more information). Older documents suggested inserting the prefix "URL:" diff --git a/man8/zic.8 b/man8/zic.8 index 90b4b9d51b..940d6e8140 100644 --- a/man8/zic.8 +++ b/man8/zic.8 @@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ nor .q + . To allow for future extensions, an unquoted name should not contain characters from the set -.q !$%&'()*,/:;<=>?@[\e]^`{|}~ . +.q !$%&'()*,/:;<=>?@[\e]^`{|}\(ti . .TP .B FROM Gives the first year in which the rule applies.