Junio C Hamano [Wed, 11 Feb 2026 20:29:06 +0000 (12:29 -0800)]
Merge branch 'sp/show-index-warn-fallback'
When "git show-index" is run outside a repository, it silently
defaults to SHA-1; the tool now warns when this happens.
* sp/show-index-warn-fallback:
show-index: use gettext wrapping in user facing error messages
show-index: warn when falling back to SHA-1 outside a repository
A handful of code paths that started using batched ref update API
(after Git 2.51 or so) lost detailed error output, which have been
corrected.
* kn/ref-batch-output-error-reporting-fix:
fetch: delay user information post committing of transaction
receive-pack: utilize rejected ref error details
fetch: utilize rejected ref error details
update-ref: utilize rejected error details if available
refs: add rejection detail to the callback function
refs: skip to next ref when current ref is rejected
Junio C Hamano [Mon, 9 Feb 2026 20:09:09 +0000 (12:09 -0800)]
Merge branch 'ps/history'
"git history" history rewriting UI.
* ps/history:
builtin/history: implement "reword" subcommand
builtin: add new "history" command
wt-status: provide function to expose status for trees
replay: support updating detached HEAD
replay: support empty commit ranges
replay: small set of cleanups
builtin/replay: move core logic into "libgit.a"
builtin/replay: extract core logic to replay revisions
The computation of column width made by "git diff --stat" was
confused when pathnames contain non-ASCII characters.
* lp/diff-stat-utf8-display-width-fix:
t4073: add test for diffstat paths length when containing UTF-8 chars
diff: improve scaling of filenames in diffstat to handle UTF-8 chars
While the Meson build instructions already handle the case where msgfmt
wasn't found, we forgot to mark the dependency itself as optional. This
causes an error in case the executable could not be found:
Project name: gitk
Project version: undefined
Program sh found: YES (C:\Program Files\Git\bin\sh.EXE)
Program wish found: YES (C:\Program Files\Git\mingw64\bin\wish.EXE)
Program chmod found: YES (C:\Program Files\Git\usr\bin\chmod.EXE)
Program mv found: YES (C:\Program Files\Git\usr\bin\mv.EXE)
Program sed found: YES (C:\Program Files\Git\usr\bin\sed.EXE)
Program msgfmt found: NO
subprojects\gitk\meson.build:28:3: ERROR: Program 'msgfmt' not found or not executable
Fix the issue by adding the `required: false` parameter.
47beb37b (shortlog: match commit trailers with --group, 2020-09-27)
added the `trailer` bullet point with three paragraphs.[1] Later, 3dc95e09 (shortlog: support arbitrary commit format `--group`s,
2022-10-24) put the single-paragraph bullet point about `format` right
after the first paragraph about `trailer`. That meant that the second
and third paragraphs for `trailer` got moved to `format`.
Move the two paragraphs back to `trailer`. We now also need one blank
line before the final bullet point so that it does not get joined with
the second bullet point.
† 1: Technically the bullet list formatting was immediately fixed to
include all three paragraphs in 63d24fa0 (shortlog: allow multiple
groups to be specified, 2020-09-27)
Acked-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net> Signed-off-by: Kristoffer Haugsbakk <code@khaugsbakk.name> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
René Scharfe [Sun, 1 Feb 2026 11:47:53 +0000 (12:47 +0100)]
blame: fix coloring for repeated suspects
The option --ignore-rev passes the blame to an older commit. This can
cause adjacent scoreboard entries to blame the same commit. Currently
we only look at the present entry when determining whether a line needs
to be colored for --color-lines. Check the previous entry as well.
Reported-by: Seth McDonald <sethmcmail@pm.me> Signed-off-by: René Scharfe <l.s.r@web.de> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
HodaSalim [Mon, 2 Feb 2026 16:18:00 +0000 (18:18 +0200)]
t9160:modernize test path checking
Replace old-style path checks with Git's dedicated test helpers:
- test -f → test_path_is_file
- test -d → test_path_is_dir
- test -s → test_file_not_empty
Fix typos with the word "subsequent"
Found using: git grep "test -[efd]" t/
This improves test readability and provides better error messages
when path checks fail.
Signed-off-by: HodaSalim <hoda.s.salim@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
.github/CONTRIBUTING.md: link to SubmittingPatches on git-scm.com
The relative link to SubmittingPatches is broken when viewed through
GitHub's specialized "Contributing" tab. Update the link to point to
the documentation on git-scm.com to be consistent with other links in
the same file. Also, wrap the line to improve readability.
Signed-off-by: Abdalrhman Mohamed <Eng.Abdalrhman.Abdalmonem@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Jiang Xin [Sat, 31 Jan 2026 13:32:54 +0000 (21:32 +0800)]
Merge branch 'jx/zh_CN' of github.com:jiangxin/git
* 'jx/zh_CN' of github.com:jiangxin/git:
l10n: zh_CN: standardize glossary terms
l10n: zh_CN: updated translation for 2.53
l10n: zh_CN: fix inconsistent use of standard vs. wide colons
Jiang Xin [Fri, 30 Jan 2026 02:38:47 +0000 (10:38 +0800)]
l10n: zh_CN: standardize glossary terms
Add preferred Chinese terminology notes and align existing translations
to the updated glossary. AI-assisted review was used to check and
improve legacy translations.
Tian Yuchen [Fri, 30 Jan 2026 17:01:23 +0000 (01:01 +0800)]
t/perf/p3400: speed up setup using fast-import
The setup phase in 't/perf/p3400-rebase.sh' generates 100 commits to
simulate a noisy history. It currently uses a shell loop that invokes
'git add', 'git commit', 'test_seq', and 'sort' in each iteration.
This incurs significant overhead due to repeated process spawning.
Optimize the setup by using 'git fast-import' to generate the commit
history. Additionally, pre-compute the forward and reversed file contents
to avoid repetitive execution of 'seq' and 'sort'.
To ensure the test measures rebase performance against a consistent
object layout (rather than the suboptimal pack/loose objects created
by the raw import), perform a full repack (`git repack -a -d`) at the
end of the setup.
This reduces the setup time significantly while maintaining the validity
of the subsequent performance tests.
Performance enhancement (Average value of 5 tests):
Real Rebase
Before: 29.045s 13.34s
After: 21.989s 12.84s
Measured on Lenovo Yoga 2020, Ubuntu 24.04.
Signed-off-by: Tian Yuchen <a3205153416@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
show-index: warn when falling back to SHA-1 outside a repository
When 'git show-index' is run outside of a repository and no hashing
algorithm is specified via --object-format, it silently falls back
to SHA-1, relying on the historical default.
This works for existing SHA-1 based index files, but the behavior can
be ambiguous and confusing when the input index file uses a different
hash algorithm, such as SHA-256.
Add a warning when this fallback happens to make the assumption
explicit and to guide users toward using --object-format when needed.
Signed-off-by: Shreyansh Paliwal <shreyanshpaliwalcmsmn@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Amisha Chhajed [Thu, 29 Jan 2026 12:12:20 +0000 (17:42 +0530)]
string-list: add string_list_sort_u() that mimics "sort -u"
Many callsites of string_list_remove_duplicates() call it
immdediately after calling string_list_sort(), understandably
as the former requires string-list to be sorted, it is clear
that these places are sorting only to remove duplicates and
for no other reason.
Introduce a helper function string_list_sort_u that combines
these two calls that often appear together, to simplify
these callsites. Replace the current calls of those methods with
string_list_sort_u().
Signed-off-by: Amisha Chhajed <amishhhaaaa@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Amisha Chhajed [Thu, 29 Jan 2026 12:12:19 +0000 (17:42 +0530)]
u-string-list: add unit tests for string-list methods
Unit tests in u-string-list.c does not cover several methods
in string-list, this gap in coverage makes it difficult to
ensure no regressions are introduced in future changes.
Add unit tests for the following methods to enhance coverage:
string_list_remove_empty_items()
unsorted_string_list_has_string()
unsorted_string_list_delete_item()
string_list_has_string()
string_list_insert()
string_list_sort()
string_list_remove()
Signed-off-by: Amisha Chhajed <amishhhaaaa@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Jiang Xin [Thu, 29 Jan 2026 13:41:39 +0000 (21:41 +0800)]
l10n: zh_CN: fix inconsistent use of standard vs. wide colons
Replace mixed usage of standard (ASCII) colons ':' with full-width
(wide) colons '：' in Chinese translations to ensure typographic
consistency, as reported by CAESIUS-TIM [1].
Full-width punctuation is preferred in Chinese localization for better
readability and adherence to typesetting conventions.
Sam Bostock [Wed, 28 Jan 2026 05:39:45 +0000 (05:39 +0000)]
worktree: clarify that --expire only affects missing worktrees
The --expire option for "git worktree list" and "git worktree prune"
only affects worktrees whose working directory path no longer exists.
The help text did not make this clear, and the documentation
inconsistently used "unused" for prune but "missing" for list.
Update the help text and documentation to consistently describe these
as "missing worktrees", and use "prune" instead of "expire" when
describing the effect on missing worktrees since the terminology is
clearer.
While at it, expand the description of the "prune" subcommand itself
to better explain what it does and when to use it, as suggested by
Junio.
Helped-by: Eric Sunshine <sunshine@sunshineco.com> Helped-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> Signed-off-by: Sam Bostock <sam@sambostock.ca> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Karthik Nayak [Sun, 25 Jan 2026 22:52:41 +0000 (23:52 +0100)]
fetch: delay user information post committing of transaction
In Git 2.50 and earlier, we would display failure codes and error
message as part of the status display:
$ git fetch . v1.0.0:refs/heads/foo
error: cannot update ref 'refs/heads/foo': trying to write non-commit object f665776185ad074b236c00751d666da7d1977dbe to branch 'refs/heads/foo'
From .
! [new tag] v1.0.0 -> foo (unable to update local ref)
With the addition of batched updates, this information is no longer
shown to the user:
$ git fetch . v1.0.0:refs/heads/foo
From .
* [new tag] v1.0.0 -> foo
error: cannot update ref 'refs/heads/foo': trying to write non-commit object f665776185ad074b236c00751d666da7d1977dbe to branch 'refs/heads/foo'
Since reference updates are batched and processed together at the end,
information around the outcome is not available during individual
reference parsing.
To overcome this, collate and delay the output to the end. Introduce
`ref_update_display_info` which will hold individual update's
information and also whether the update failed or succeeded. This
finally allows us to iterate over all such updates and print them to the
user.
Using an dynamic array and strmap does add some overhead to
'git-fetch(1)', but from benchmarking this seems to be not too bad:
Benchmark 1: fetch: many refs (refformat = files, refcount = 1000, revision = master)
Time (mean ± σ): 42.6 ms ± 1.2 ms [User: 13.1 ms, System: 29.8 ms]
Range (min … max): 40.1 ms … 45.8 ms 47 runs
Benchmark 2: fetch: many refs (refformat = files, refcount = 1000, revision = HEAD)
Time (mean ± σ): 43.1 ms ± 1.2 ms [User: 12.7 ms, System: 30.7 ms]
Range (min … max): 40.5 ms … 45.8 ms 48 runs
Summary
fetch: many refs (refformat = files, refcount = 1000, revision = master) ran
1.01 ± 0.04 times faster than fetch: many refs (refformat = files, refcount = 1000, revision = HEAD)
Another approach would be to move the status printing logic to be
handled post the transaction being committed. That however would require
adding an iterator to the ref transaction that tracks both the outcome
(success/failure) and the original refspec information for each update,
which is more involved infrastructure work compared to the strmap
approach here.
Helped-by: Phillip Wood <phillip.wood123@gmail.com> Reported-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net> Signed-off-by: Karthik Nayak <karthik.188@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Karthik Nayak [Sun, 25 Jan 2026 22:52:40 +0000 (23:52 +0100)]
receive-pack: utilize rejected ref error details
In 9d2962a7c4 (receive-pack: use batched reference updates, 2025-05-19),
git-receive-pack(1) switched to using batched reference updates. This also
introduced a regression wherein instead of providing detailed error
messages for failed referenced updates, the users were provided generic
error messages based on the error type.
Now that the updates also contain detailed error message, propagate
those to the client via 'rp_error'. The detailed error messages can be
very verbose, for e.g. in the files backend, when trying to write a
non-commit object to a branch, you would see:
Here the refname is repeated multiple times due to how error messages
are propagated and filled over the code stack. This potentially can be
cleaned up in a future commit.
Reported-by: Elijah Newren <newren@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net> Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net> Signed-off-by: Karthik Nayak <karthik.188@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Karthik Nayak [Sun, 25 Jan 2026 22:52:39 +0000 (23:52 +0100)]
fetch: utilize rejected ref error details
In 0e358de64a (fetch: use batched reference updates, 2025-05-19),
git-fetch(1) switched to using batched reference updates. This also
introduced a regression wherein instead of providing detailed error
messages for failed referenced updates, the users were provided generic
error messages based on the error type.
Similar to the previous commit, switch to using detailed error messages
if present for failed reference updates to fix this regression.
Reported-by: Elijah Newren <newren@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net> Signed-off-by: Karthik Nayak <karthik.188@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Karthik Nayak [Sun, 25 Jan 2026 22:52:38 +0000 (23:52 +0100)]
update-ref: utilize rejected error details if available
When git-update-ref(1) received the '--update-ref' flag, the error
details generated in the refs namespace wasn't propagated with failed
updates. Instead only an error code pertaining to the type of rejection
was noted.
This missed detailed error message which the user can act upon. The
previous commits added the required code to propagate these detailed
error messages from the refs namespace. Now that additional details are
available, let's output this additional details to stderr. This allows
users to have additional information over the already present machine
parsable output.
While we're here, improve the existing tests for the machine parsable
output by checking for the entire output string and not just the
rejection reason.
Reported-by: Elijah Newren <newren@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net> Signed-off-by: Karthik Nayak <karthik.188@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Karthik Nayak [Sun, 25 Jan 2026 22:52:37 +0000 (23:52 +0100)]
refs: add rejection detail to the callback function
The previous commit started storing the rejection details alongside the
error code for rejected updates. Pass this along to the callback
function `ref_transaction_for_each_rejected_update()`. Currently the
field is unused, but will be integrated in the upcoming commits.
Co-authored-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net> Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net> Signed-off-by: Karthik Nayak <karthik.188@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Karthik Nayak [Sun, 25 Jan 2026 22:52:36 +0000 (23:52 +0100)]
refs: skip to next ref when current ref is rejected
In `refs_verify_refnames_available()` we have two nested loops: the
outer loop iterates over all references to check, while the inner loop
checks for filesystem conflicts for a given ref by breaking down its
path.
With batched updates, when we detect a filesystem conflict, we mark the
update as rejected and execute 'continue'. However, this only skips to
the next iteration of the inner loop, not the outer loop as intended.
This causes the same reference to be repeatedly rejected. Fix this by
using a goto statement to skip to the next reference in the outer loop.
Signed-off-by: Karthik Nayak <karthik.188@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Junio C Hamano [Sun, 25 Jan 2026 17:08:06 +0000 (09:08 -0800)]
Merge branch 'master' of https://github.com/j6t/git-gui
* 'master' of https://github.com/j6t/git-gui:
git-gui: mark *.po files at any directory level as UTF-8
git-gui i18n: Update Bulgarian translation (558t)
git-gui i18n: Update Bulgarian translation (557t)
Johannes Sixt [Sun, 25 Jan 2026 09:46:23 +0000 (10:46 +0100)]
git-gui: mark *.po files at any directory level as UTF-8
When a commit is viewed in Gitk that changes a file in po/glossary, the
patch text shows mojibake instead of correctly decoded UTF-8 text.
Gitk retrieves the encoding attribute to decide how to treat the bytes
that make up the patch text. There is an attribute definition that all
files are US-ASCII, and a later attribute definition overrides this.
But the override, which specifies UTF-8, applies only to *.po files in
directory po/ and does not apply to subdirectories.
Widen the pattern to apply to all directory levels.
* dk/replay-doc-omit-irrelevant-rev-list-options:
lint-gitlink: preemptively ignore all /ifn?def|endif/ macros
replay: drop rev-list formatting options from manual
Junio C Hamano [Fri, 23 Jan 2026 21:34:36 +0000 (13:34 -0800)]
Merge branch 'js/symlink-windows'
Upstream symbolic link support on Windows from Git-for-Windows.
* js/symlink-windows:
mingw: special-case index entries for symlinks with buggy size
mingw: emulate `stat()` a little more faithfully
mingw: try to create symlinks without elevated permissions
mingw: add support for symlinks to directories
mingw: implement basic `symlink()` functionality (file symlinks only)
mingw: implement `readlink()`
mingw: allow `mingw_chdir()` to change to symlink-resolved directories
mingw: support renaming symlinks
mingw: handle symlinks to directories in `mingw_unlink()`
mingw: add symlink-specific error codes
mingw: change default of `core.symlinks` to false
mingw: factor out the retry logic
mingw: compute the correct size for symlinks in `mingw_lstat()`
mingw: teach dirent about symlinks
mingw: let `mingw_lstat()` error early upon problems with reparse points
mingw: drop the separate `do_lstat()` function
mingw: implement `stat()` with symlink support
mingw: don't call `GetFileAttributes()` twice in `mingw_lstat()`
Junio C Hamano [Fri, 23 Jan 2026 21:34:36 +0000 (13:34 -0800)]
Merge branch 'js/ci-leak-skip-svn'
Dscho observed that SVN tests are taking too much time in CI leak
checking tasks, but most time is spent not in our code but in libsvn
code (which happen to be written in Perl), whose leaks have little
value to discover for us. Skip SVN, P4, and CVS tests in the leak
checking tasks.
* js/ci-leak-skip-svn:
ci: skip CVS and P4 tests in leaks job, too
ci(*-leaks): skip the git-svn tests to save time
Junio C Hamano [Thu, 22 Jan 2026 00:16:28 +0000 (16:16 -0800)]
Merge branch 'rs/tree-wo-the-repository'
Remove implicit reliance on the_repository global in the APIs
around tree objects and make it explicit which repository to work
in.
* rs/tree-wo-the-repository:
cocci: remove obsolete the_repository rules
cocci: convert parse_tree functions to repo_ variants
tree: stop using the_repository
tree: use repo_parse_tree()
path-walk: use repo_parse_tree_gently()
pack-bitmap-write: use repo_parse_tree()
delta-islands: use repo_parse_tree()
bloom: use repo_parse_tree()
add-interactive: use repo_parse_tree_indirect()
tree: add repo_parse_tree*()
environment: move access to core.maxTreeDepth into repo settings
Junio C Hamano [Thu, 22 Jan 2026 00:16:27 +0000 (16:16 -0800)]
Merge branch 'tb/midx-write-corrupt-checksum-fix'
The logic that avoids reusing MIDX files with a wrong checksum was
broken, which has been corrected.
* tb/midx-write-corrupt-checksum-fix:
midx-write.c: assume checksum-invalid MIDXs require an update
t/t5319-multi-pack-index.sh: drop early 'test_done'
"git repack --geometric" did not work with promisor packs, which
has been corrected.
* ps/geometric-repacking-with-promisor-remotes:
builtin/repack: handle promisor packs with geometric repacking
repack-promisor: extract function to remove redundant packs
repack-promisor: extract function to finalize repacking
repack-geometry: extract function to compute repacking split
builtin/pack-objects: exclude promisor objects with "--stdin-packs"
t5500: simplify test implementation and fix git exit code suppression
The 'shallow since with commit graph and already-seen commit”
test uses a convoluted here-doc that combines manual input
construction with packetize, echo and embedded Git commands.
This structure hides failures from the git commands,
as their exit codes are suppressed inside echo command
substitution and being on the upstream side of pipes.
Instead of using here-doc to construct the pack
protocol that is directly sent to the
'git upload-pack' command being tested,
capture the outputs of the git commands upfront
and use the 'test-tool pkt-line pack'
tool to construct the input in a temporary file,
and then feed it to the command.
This has a few advantages:
* Executing the git commands outside the here-doc
avoids suppressing their exit codes and makes
debugging easier.
* It removes the need to manually count and
manage pkt-line lengths to keep in line with
the v2 protocol, as the tool handles this internally.
Signed-off-by: Shreyansh Paliwal <shreyanshpaliwalcmsmn@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Amisha Chhajed [Wed, 21 Jan 2026 13:00:05 +0000 (18:30 +0530)]
sparse-checkout: optimize string_list construction and add tests to verify deduplication.
Improve O(n^2) complexity to O(n log n) while building a sorted
'string_list' by constructing it unsorted then sorting it
followed by removing duplicates.
sparse-checkout deduplicates repeated cone-mode patterns,
but this behaviour was previously untested, add tests that
verify that sparse-checkout file contain each cone
pattern only once and sparse-checkout list reports each pattern
only once.
Signed-off-by: Amisha Chhajed <amishhhaaaa@gmail.com> Acked-by: Derrick Stolee <stolee@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Junio C Hamano [Wed, 21 Jan 2026 16:29:00 +0000 (08:29 -0800)]
Merge branch 'js/prep-symlink-windows'
Further preparation to upstream symbolic link support on Windows.
* js/prep-symlink-windows:
trim_last_path_component(): avoid hard-coding the directory separator
strbuf_readlink(): support link targets that exceed 2*PATH_MAX
strbuf_readlink(): avoid calling `readlink()` twice in corner-cases
init: do parse _all_ core.* settings early
mingw: do resolve symlinks in `getcwd()`
Junio C Hamano [Wed, 21 Jan 2026 16:29:00 +0000 (08:29 -0800)]
Merge branch 'ps/read-object-info-improvements'
The object-info API has been cleaned up.
* ps/read-object-info-improvements:
packfile: drop repository parameter from `packed_object_info()`
packfile: skip unpacking object header for disk size requests
packfile: disentangle return value of `packed_object_info()`
packfile: always populate pack-specific info when reading object info
packfile: extend `is_delta` field to allow for "unknown" state
packfile: always declare object info to be OI_PACKED
object-file: always set OI_LOOSE when reading object info
Junio C Hamano [Wed, 21 Jan 2026 16:28:58 +0000 (08:28 -0800)]
Merge branch 'ps/packfile-store-in-odb-source'
The packfile_store data structure is moved from object store to odb
source.
* ps/packfile-store-in-odb-source:
packfile: move MIDX into packfile store
packfile: refactor `find_pack_entry()` to work on the packfile store
packfile: inline `find_kept_pack_entry()`
packfile: only prepare owning store in `packfile_store_prepare()`
packfile: only prepare owning store in `packfile_store_get_packs()`
packfile: move packfile store into object source
packfile: refactor misleading code when unusing pack windows
packfile: refactor kept-pack cache to work with packfile stores
packfile: pass source to `prepare_pack()`
packfile: create store via its owning source
projects / thirdparty / git.git / log
