Set GIF=1 prior to disabling SVM to ensure that INIT is recognized if the
kernel is disabling SVM in an emergency, e.g. if the kernel is about to
jump into a crash kernel or may reboot without doing a full CPU RESET.
If GIF is left cleared, the new kernel (or firmware) will be unabled to
awaken APs. Eat faults on STGI (due to EFER.SVME=0) as it's possible
that SVM could be disabled via NMI shootdown between reading EFER.SVME
and executing STGI.
When we append new block just after the end of preallocated extent, the
code in inode_getblk() wrongly determined we're going to use the
preallocated extent which resulted in adding block into a wrong logical
offset in the file. Sequence like this manifests it:
The code that determined the use of preallocated extent is actually
stale because udf_do_extend_file() does not create preallocation anymore
so after calling that function we are sure there's no usable
preallocation. Just remove the faulty condition.
CC: stable@vger.kernel.org Fixes: 16d055656814 ("udf: Discard preallocation before extending file with a hole") Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
When write to inline file fails (or happens only partly), we still
updated length of inline data as if the whole write succeeded. Fix the
update of length of inline data to happen only if the write succeeds.
Reported-by: syzbot+0937935b993956ba28ab@syzkaller.appspotmail.com CC: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
When merging very long extents we try to push as much length as possible
to the first extent. However this is unnecessarily complicated and not
really worth the trouble. Furthermore there was a bug in the logic
resulting in corrupting extents in the file as syzbot reproducer shows.
So just don't bother with the merging of extents that are too long
together.
CC: stable@vger.kernel.org Reported-by: syzbot+60f291a24acecb3c2bd5@syzkaller.appspotmail.com Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
When a file expansion failed because we didn't have enough space for
indirect extents make sure we truncate extents created so far so that we
don't leave extents beyond EOF.
CC: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
This fixes three issues on move extents ioctl without auto defrag:
a) In ocfs2_find_victim_alloc_group(), we have to convert bits to block
first in case of global bitmap.
b) In ocfs2_probe_alloc_group(), when finding enough bits in block
group bitmap, we have to back off move_len to start pos as well,
otherwise it may corrupt filesystem.
c) In ocfs2_ioctl_move_extents(), set me_threshold both for non-auto
and auto defrag paths. Otherwise it will set move_max_hop to 0 and
finally cause unexpectedly ENOSPC error.
Currently there are no tools triggering the above issues since
defragfs.ocfs2 enables auto defrag by default. Tested with manually
changing defragfs.ocfs2 to run non auto defrag path.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230220050526.22020-1-heming.zhao@suse.com Signed-off-by: Heming Zhao <heming.zhao@suse.com> Reviewed-by: Joseph Qi <joseph.qi@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: Mark Fasheh <mark@fasheh.com> Cc: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org> Cc: Junxiao Bi <junxiao.bi@oracle.com> Cc: Changwei Ge <gechangwei@live.cn> Cc: Gang He <ghe@suse.com> Cc: Jun Piao <piaojun@huawei.com> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
This bug has the same root cause of 'commit 7f27ec978b0e ("ocfs2: call
ocfs2_journal_access_di() before ocfs2_journal_dirty() in
ocfs2_write_end_nolock()")'. For this bug, jbd2_journal_restart() is
called by ocfs2_split_extent() during defragmenting.
How to fix
For ocfs2_split_extent() can handle journal operations totally by itself.
Caller doesn't need to call journal access/dirty pair, and caller only
needs to call journal start/stop pair. The fix method is to remove
journal access/dirty from __ocfs2_move_extent().
The discussion for this patch:
https://oss.oracle.com/pipermail/ocfs2-devel/2023-February/000647.html
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230217003717.32469-1-heming.zhao@suse.com Signed-off-by: Heming Zhao <heming.zhao@suse.com> Reviewed-by: Joseph Qi <joseph.qi@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: Mark Fasheh <mark@fasheh.com> Cc: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org> Cc: Junxiao Bi <junxiao.bi@oracle.com> Cc: Changwei Ge <gechangwei@live.cn> Cc: Gang He <ghe@suse.com> Cc: Jun Piao <piaojun@huawei.com> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
When converting an inline directory to a regular one, f2fs is leaking
uninitialized memory to disk because it doesn't initialize the entire
directory block. Fix this by zero-initializing the block.
This bug was introduced by commit 4ec17d688d74 ("f2fs: avoid unneeded
initializing when converting inline dentry"), which didn't consider the
security implications of leaking uninitialized memory to disk.
This was found by running xfstest generic/435 on a KMSAN-enabled kernel.
Fixes: 4ec17d688d74 ("f2fs: avoid unneeded initializing when converting inline dentry") Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # v4.3+ Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com> Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
The current hfsplus_put_super first calls hfs_btree_close on
sbi->ext_tree, then invokes iput on sbi->hidden_dir, resulting in an
use-after-free issue in hfsplus_release_folio.
As shown in hfsplus_fill_super, the error handling code also calls iput
before hfs_btree_close.
To fix this error, we move all iput calls before hfsplus_btree_close.
Note that this patch is tested on Syzbot.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230226124948.3175736-1-mudongliangabcd@gmail.com Reported-by: syzbot+57e3e98f7e3b80f64d56@syzkaller.appspotmail.com Tested-by: Dongliang Mu <mudongliangabcd@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Dongliang Mu <mudongliangabcd@gmail.com> Cc: Bart Van Assche <bvanassche@acm.org> Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk> Cc: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com> Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev> Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
/* Dispose of resources used by a node */
void hfs_bnode_put(struct hfs_bnode *node)
{
if (node) {
<skipped>
BUG_ON(!atomic_read(&node->refcnt)); <- we have issue here!!!!
<skipped>
}
}
By tracing the refcnt, I found the node is created by hfs_bmap_alloc()
with refcnt 1. Then the node is used by hfs_btree_write(). There is a
missing of hfs_bnode_get() after find the node. The issue happened in
following path:
<alloc>
hfs_bmap_alloc
hfs_bnode_find
__hfs_bnode_create <- allocate a new node with refcnt 1.
hfs_bnode_put <- decrease the refcnt
<write>
hfs_btree_write
hfs_bnode_find
__hfs_bnode_create
hfs_bnode_findhash <- find the node without refcnt increased.
hfs_bnode_put <- trigger the BUG_ON() since refcnt is 0.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221212021627.3766829-1-liushixin2@huawei.com Reported-by: syzbot+5b04b49a7ec7226c7426@syzkaller.appspotmail.com Signed-off-by: Liu Shixin <liushixin2@huawei.com> Cc: Fabio M. De Francesco <fmdefrancesco@gmail.com> Cc: Viacheslav Dubeyko <slava@dubeyko.com> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Recent test_kprobe_missed kprobes kunit test uncovers the following
problem. Once kprobe is triggered from another kprobe (kprobe reenter),
all future kprobes on this cpu are considered as kprobe reenter, thus
pre_handler and post_handler are not being called and kprobes are counted
as "missed".
Commit b9599798f953 ("[S390] kprobes: activation and deactivation")
introduced a simpler scheme for kprobes (de)activation and status
tracking by using push_kprobe/pop_kprobe, which supposed to work for
both initial kprobe entry as well as kprobe reentry and helps to avoid
handling those two cases differently. The problem is that a sequence of
calls in case of kprobes reenter:
push_kprobe() <- NULL (current_kprobe)
push_kprobe() <- kprobe1 (current_kprobe)
pop_kprobe() -> kprobe1 (current_kprobe)
pop_kprobe() -> kprobe1 (current_kprobe)
leaves "kprobe1" as "current_kprobe" on this cpu, instead of setting it
to NULL. In fact push_kprobe/pop_kprobe can only store a single state
(there is just one prev_kprobe in kprobe_ctlblk). Which is a hack but
sufficient, there is no need to have another prev_kprobe just to store
NULL. To make a simple and backportable fix simply reset "prev_kprobe"
when kprobe is poped from this "stack". No need to worry about
"kprobe_status" in this case, because its value is only checked when
current_kprobe != NULL.
Recent test_kprobe_missed kprobes kunit test uncovers the following error
(reported when CONFIG_DEBUG_ATOMIC_SLEEP is enabled):
BUG: sleeping function called from invalid context at kernel/locking/mutex.c:580
in_atomic(): 0, irqs_disabled(): 1, non_block: 0, pid: 662, name: kunit_try_catch
preempt_count: 0, expected: 0
RCU nest depth: 0, expected: 0
no locks held by kunit_try_catch/662.
irq event stamp: 280
hardirqs last enabled at (279): [<00000003e60a3d42>] __do_pgm_check+0x17a/0x1c0
hardirqs last disabled at (280): [<00000003e3bd774a>] kprobe_exceptions_notify+0x27a/0x318
softirqs last enabled at (0): [<00000003e3c5c890>] copy_process+0x14a8/0x4c80
softirqs last disabled at (0): [<0000000000000000>] 0x0
CPU: 46 PID: 662 Comm: kunit_try_catch Tainted: G N 6.2.0-173644-g44c18d77f0c0 #2
Hardware name: IBM 3931 A01 704 (LPAR)
Call Trace:
[<00000003e60a3a00>] dump_stack_lvl+0x120/0x198
[<00000003e3d02e82>] __might_resched+0x60a/0x668
[<00000003e60b9908>] __mutex_lock+0xc0/0x14e0
[<00000003e60bad5a>] mutex_lock_nested+0x32/0x40
[<00000003e3f7b460>] unregister_kprobe+0x30/0xd8
[<00000003e51b2602>] test_kprobe_missed+0xf2/0x268
[<00000003e51b5406>] kunit_try_run_case+0x10e/0x290
[<00000003e51b7dfa>] kunit_generic_run_threadfn_adapter+0x62/0xb8
[<00000003e3ce30f8>] kthread+0x2d0/0x398
[<00000003e3b96afa>] __ret_from_fork+0x8a/0xe8
[<00000003e60ccada>] ret_from_fork+0xa/0x40
The reason for this error report is that kprobes handling code failed
to restore irqs.
The problem is that when kprobe is triggered from another kprobe
post_handler current sequence of enable_singlestep / disable_singlestep
is the following:
enable_singlestep <- original kprobe (saves kprobe_saved_imask)
enable_singlestep <- kprobe triggered from post_handler (clobbers kprobe_saved_imask)
disable_singlestep <- kprobe triggered from post_handler (restores kprobe_saved_imask)
disable_singlestep <- original kprobe (restores wrong clobbered kprobe_saved_imask)
There is just one kprobe_ctlblk per cpu and both calls saves and
loads irq mask to kprobe_saved_imask. To fix the problem simply move
resume_execution (which calls disable_singlestep) before calling
post_handler. This also fixes the problem that post_handler is called
with pt_regs which were not yet adjusted after single-stepping.
Make sure to disable the alarm before updating the four alarm time
registers to avoid spurious alarms during the update.
Note that the disable needs to be done outside of the ctrl_reg_lock
section to prevent a racing alarm interrupt from disabling the newly set
alarm when the lock is released.
Fixes: 9a9a54ad7aa2 ("drivers/rtc: add support for Qualcomm PMIC8xxx RTC") Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 3.1 Signed-off-by: Johan Hovold <johan+linaro@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: David Collins <quic_collinsd@quicinc.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230202155448.6715-2-johan+linaro@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Alexandre Belloni <alexandre.belloni@bootlin.com> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Currently the driver always sets the controller to dual data bit mode
for both tx and rx data in the profile mode control register even for
single data bit transfer. Luckily the opcode is set correctly according
to SPI transfer data bit width so it does not actually cause issues.
This change fixes the problem by setting tx and rx data bit mode field
correctly according to the actual SPI transfer tx and rx data bit width.
Use devm_kasprintf() instead of kasprintf() to avoid any potential
leaks. At the moment drivers have no remove functionality thus
there is no need for fixes tag.
The compiler has no way to know if "id" is within the array bounds of
the regulators array. Add a check for this and a build-time check that
the regulators and reg_voltage_map arrays are sized the same. Seen with
GCC 13:
../drivers/regulator/s5m8767.c: In function 's5m8767_pmic_probe':
../drivers/regulator/s5m8767.c:936:35: warning: array subscript [0, 36] is outside array bounds of 'struct regulator_desc[37]' [-Warray-bounds=]
936 | regulators[id].vsel_reg =
| ~~~~~~~~~~^~~~
Cc: Krzysztof Kozlowski <krzysztof.kozlowski@linaro.org> Cc: Liam Girdwood <lgirdwood@gmail.com> Cc: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org> Cc: linux-samsung-soc@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Reviewed-by: Krzysztof Kozlowski <krzysztof.kozlowski@linaro.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230128005358.never.313-kees@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
Walking the dram->cs array was seen as accesses beyond the first array
item by the compiler. Instead, use the array index directly. This allows
for run-time bounds checking under CONFIG_UBSAN_BOUNDS as well. Seen
with GCC 13 with -fstrict-flex-arrays:
../sound/soc/kirkwood/kirkwood-dma.c: In function
'kirkwood_dma_conf_mbus_windows.constprop':
../sound/soc/kirkwood/kirkwood-dma.c:90:24: warning: array subscript 0 is outside array bounds of 'const struct mbus_dram_window[0]' [-Warray-bounds=]
90 | if ((cs->base & 0xffff0000) < (dma & 0xffff0000)) {
| ~~^~~~~~
Cc: Liam Girdwood <lgirdwood@gmail.com> Cc: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org> Cc: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz> Cc: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.com> Cc: alsa-devel@alsa-project.org Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230127224128.never.410-kees@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
iio was allocated in atom_index_iio() called by atom_parse(),
but it doesn't got released when the dirver is shutdown.
Fix this kmemleak by free it in radeon_atombios_fini().
Signed-off-by: Liwei Song <liwei.song@windriver.com> Signed-off-by: Alex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
Multiple Ideapad Z570 variants need acpi_backlight=native to force native
use on these pre Windows 8 machines since acpi_video backlight control
does not work here.
The original DMI quirk matches on a product_name of "102434U" but other
variants may have different product_name-s such as e.g. "1024D9U".
Move to checking product_version instead as is more or less standard for
Lenovo DMI quirks for similar reasons.
Signed-off-by: Hans de Goede <hdegoede@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
Occasionnaly we may get oversized packets from the hardware which
exceed the nomimal 2KiB buffer size we allocate SKBs with. Add an early
check which drops the packet to avoid invoking skb_over_panic() and move
on to processing the next packet.
Signed-off-by: Florian Fainelli <f.fainelli@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
This prevents CONFIG_FUNCTION_ALIGNMENT and
CONFIG_DEBUG_FORCE_FUNCTION_ALIGN_64B from having their expected effect
on the ACPICA code. This is doubly unfortunate as in subsequent patches
arm64 will depend upon CONFIG_FUNCTION_ALIGNMENT for its ftrace
implementation.
Drop the '-Os' flag when building the ACPICA code. With this removed,
the code builds cleanly and works correctly in testing so far.
I've tested this by selecting CONFIG_DEBUG_FORCE_FUNCTION_ALIGN_64B=y,
building and booting a kernel using ACPI, and looking for misaligned
text symbols:
With the patch applied, the remaining unaligned text labels are a
combination of static call trampolines and labels in assembly, which can
be dealt with in subsequent patches.
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> Acked-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com> Cc: Florent Revest <revest@chromium.org> Cc: Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org> Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Robert Moore <robert.moore@intel.com> Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Cc: linux-acpi@vger.kernel.org Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230123134603.1064407-4-mark.rutland@arm.com Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
__inet_hash_connect() has a fast path taken if sk_head(&tb->owners) is
equal to the sk parameter.
sk_head() returns the hlist_entry() with respect to the sk_node field.
However entries in the tb->owners list are inserted with respect to the
sk_bind_node field with sk_add_bind_node().
Thus the check would never pass and the fast path never execute.
This fast path has never been executed or tested as this bug seems
to be present since commit 1da177e4c3f4 ("Linux-2.6.12-rc2"), thus
remove it to reduce code complexity.
Currently, x86_spec_ctrl_base is read at boot time and speculative bits
are set if Kconfig items are enabled. For example, IBRS is enabled if
CONFIG_CPU_IBRS_ENTRY is configured, etc. These MSR bits are not cleared
if the mitigations are disabled.
This is a problem when kexec-ing a kernel that has the mitigation
disabled from a kernel that has the mitigation enabled. In this case,
the MSR bits are not cleared during the new kernel boot. As a result,
this might have some performance degradation that is hard to pinpoint.
This problem does not happen if the machine is (hard) rebooted because
the bit will be cleared by default.
The nanosleep syscalls use the restart_block mechanism, with a quirk:
The `type` and `rmtp`/`compat_rmtp` fields are set up unconditionally on
syscall entry, while the rest of the restart_block is only set up in the
unlikely case that the syscall is actually interrupted by a signal (or
pseudo-signal) that doesn't have a signal handler.
If the restart_block was set up by a previous syscall (futex(...,
FUTEX_WAIT, ...) or poll()) and hasn't been invalidated somehow since then,
this will clobber some of the union fields used by futex_wait_restart() and
do_restart_poll().
If userspace afterwards wrongly calls the restart_syscall syscall,
futex_wait_restart()/do_restart_poll() will read struct fields that have
been clobbered.
This doesn't actually lead to anything particularly interesting because
none of the union fields contain trusted kernel data, and
futex(..., FUTEX_WAIT, ...) and poll() aren't syscalls where it makes much
sense to apply seccomp filters to their arguments.
So the current consequences are just of the "if userspace does bad stuff,
it can damage itself, and that's not a problem" flavor.
But still, it seems like a hazard for future developers, so invalidate the
restart_block when partly setting it up in the nanosleep syscalls.
The return value from the call to intel_tcc_get_tjmax() is int, which can
be a negative error code. However, the return value is being assigned to
an u32 variable 'tj_max', so making 'tj_max' an int.
Eliminate the following warning:
./drivers/thermal/intel/intel_soc_dts_iosf.c:394:5-11: WARNING: Unsigned expression compared with zero: tj_max < 0
Link: https://bugzilla.openanolis.cn/show_bug.cgi?id=3637 Reported-by: Abaci Robot <abaci@linux.alibaba.com> Signed-off-by: Yang Li <yang.lee@linux.alibaba.com> Acked-by: Zhang Rui <rui.zhang@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
The normal grace period's RCU CPU stall warnings are invoked from the
scheduling-clock interrupt handler, and can thus invoke smp_processor_id()
with impunity, which allows them to directly invoke dump_cpu_task().
In contrast, the expedited grace period's RCU CPU stall warnings are
invoked from process context, which causes the dump_cpu_task() function's
calls to smp_processor_id() to complain bitterly in debug kernels.
This commit therefore causes synchronize_rcu_expedited_wait() to disable
preemption around its call to dump_cpu_task().
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
This patch fixes a stack-out-of-bounds read in brcmfmac that occurs
when 'buf' that is not null-terminated is passed as an argument of
strsep() in brcmf_c_preinit_dcmds(). This buffer is filled with a firmware
version string by memcpy() in brcmf_fil_iovar_data_get().
The patch ensures buf is null-terminated.
Reported-by: Dokyung Song <dokyungs@yonsei.ac.kr> Reported-by: Jisoo Jang <jisoo.jang@yonsei.ac.kr> Reported-by: Minsuk Kang <linuxlovemin@yonsei.ac.kr> Signed-off-by: Jisoo Jang <jisoo.jang@yonsei.ac.kr> Signed-off-by: Kalle Valo <kvalo@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221115043458.37562-1-jisoo.jang@yonsei.ac.kr Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
For some reason, the driver adding support for Exynos5420 MIPI phy
back in 2016 wasn't used on Exynos5420, which caused a kernel panic.
Add the proper compatible for it.
In the event that an intent advertisement arrives on an unknown channel
the fifo is not advanced, resulting in the same message being handled
over and over.
Fixes: dacbb35e930f ("rpmsg: glink: Receive and store the remote intent buffers") Signed-off-by: Bjorn Andersson <quic_bjorande@quicinc.com> Reviewed-by: Chris Lew <quic_clew@quicinc.com> Signed-off-by: Bjorn Andersson <andersson@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230214234231.2069751-1-quic_bjorande@quicinc.com Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
When smscore_start_device() gets failed, the function smsusb_term_device()
will be called and smsusb_device_t will be deallocated. Although we use
usb_kill_urb() in smsusb_stop_streaming() to cancel transfer requests
and wait for them to finish, the worker threads that are scheduled by
smsusb_onresponse() may be still running. As a result, the UAF bugs
could happen.
We add cancel_work_sync() in smsusb_stop_streaming() in order that the
worker threads could finish before the smsusb_device_t is deallocated.
When the ene device is detaching, function ene_remove() will
be called. But there is no function to cancel tx_sim_timer
in ene_remove(), the timer handler ene_tx_irqsim() could race
with ene_remove(). As a result, the UAF bugs could happen,
the process is shown below.
Fix by adding del_timer_sync(&dev->tx_sim_timer) in ene_remove(),
The tx_sim_timer could stop before ene device is deallocated.
What's more, The rc_unregister_device() and del_timer_sync()
should be called first in ene_remove() and the deallocated
functions such as free_irq(), release_region() and so on
should be called behind them. Because the rc_unregister_device()
is well synchronized. Otherwise, race conditions may happen. The
situations that may lead to race conditions are shown below.
Firstly, the rx receiver is disabled with ene_rx_disable()
before rc_unregister_device() in ene_remove(), which means it
can be enabled again if a process opens /dev/lirc0 between
ene_rx_disable() and rc_unregister_device().
Secondly, the irqaction descriptor is freed by free_irq()
before the rc device is unregistered, which means irqaction
descriptor may be accessed again after it is deallocated.
Thirdly, the timer can call ene_tx_sample() that can write
to the io ports, which means the io ports could be accessed
again after they are deallocated by release_region().
Therefore, the rc_unregister_device() and del_timer_sync()
should be called first in ene_remove().
When neither LANTIQ nor MIPS_MALTA is set, 'physical_memsize' is not
declared. This causes the build to fail with:
mips-linux-ld: arch/mips/kernel/vpe-mt.o: in function `vpe_run':
arch/mips/kernel/vpe-mt.c:(.text.vpe_run+0x280): undefined reference to `physical_memsize'
LANTIQ is not using 'physical_memsize' and MIPS_MALTA's use of it is
self-contained in mti-malta/malta-dtshim.c.
Use of physical_memsize in vpe-mt.c appears to be unused, so eliminate
this loader mode completely and require VPE programs to be compiled with
DFLT_STACK_SIZE and DFLT_HEAP_SIZE defined.
pnv_ioda_setup_pe_res() calls opal to map a resource with a PE. However,
the code assumes the resource is allocated and it uses the resource
address to find out the segment(s) which need to be mapped to the
PE. In the unlikely case where the resource hasn't been allocated, the
computation for the segment number is garbage, which can lead to
invalid memory access and potentially a kernel crash, such as:
Hitting the problem is not that easy. It was seen with a (semi-bogus)
PCI device with a class code of 0. The generic PCI framework doesn't
allocate resources in such a case.
The patch is simply skipping resources which are still flagged with
IORESOURCE_UNSET.
We don't have the problem with 64-bit mem resources, as the address of
the resource is checked to be within the range of the 64-bit mmio
window. See pnv_ioda_reserve_dev_m64_pe() and pnv_pci_is_m64().
To discard false readings, one should use "ti,penirq-recheck-delay-usecs".
Checking get_pendown_state() at the beginning, most of the time fails
causing malfunctioning.
ADS7845 doesn't support pressure.
Avoid the following error reported by libinput-list-devices:
"ADS7845 Touchscreen: kernel bug: device has min == max on ABS_PRESSURE".
`req` is allocated in pcf50633_adc_async_read(), but
adc_enqueue_request() could fail to insert the `req` into queue.
We need to check the return value and free it in the case of failure.
Commit acfe0ad74d2e1 ("dm: allocate a special workqueue for deferred
device removal") switched from using system workqueue to a single
workqueue local to DM. But it didn't eliminate the call to
flush_scheduled_work() that was introduced purely for the benefit of
deferred device removal with commit 2c140a246dc ("dm: allow remove to
be deferred").
Since DM core uses its own workqueue (and queue_work) there is no need
to call flush_scheduled_work() from local_exit(). local_exit()'s
destroy_workqueue(deferred_remove_workqueue) handles flushing work
started with queue_work().
Fixes: acfe0ad74d2e1 ("dm: allocate a special workqueue for deferred device removal") Signed-off-by: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
Add check for dma_map_single() and return error if it fails in order to
avoid invalid DMA address.
Fixes: 2908d778ab3e ("[SCSI] aic94xx: new driver") Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230128110832.6792-1-jiasheng@iscas.ac.cn Signed-off-by: Jiasheng Jiang <jiasheng@iscas.ac.cn> Reviewed-by: Jason Yan <yanaijie@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
commit d3268a40d4b19f ("ASoC: soc-compress.c: fix NULL dereference")
enables DPCM capture, but it should independent from playback.
This patch fixup it.
The MIPI DCS specification demands that brightness values are sent in
big endian byte order. It also states that one parameter (i.e. one byte)
shall be sent/received for 8 bit wide values, and two parameters shall
be used for values that are between 9 and 16 bits wide.
Add new functions to properly handle 16-bit brightness in big endian,
since the two 8- and 16-bit cases are distinct from each other.
[richard: use separate functions instead of switch/case]
[richard: split into 16-bit component]
of_find_node_by_phandle() returns a node pointer with refcount incremented,
We should use of_node_put() on it when not needed anymore.
Add missing of_node_put() to avoid refcount leak.
Add check for the return value of alloc_ordered_workqueue as it may return
NULL pointer and cause NULL pointer dereference in `hdmi_hdcp.c` and
`hdmi_hpd.c`.
A problem about insmod megachips-stdpxxxx-ge-b850v3-fw.ko failed is
triggered with the following log given:
[ 4497.981497] Error: Driver 'stdp4028-ge-b850v3-fw' is already registered, aborting...
insmod: ERROR: could not insert module megachips-stdpxxxx-ge-b850v3-fw.ko: Device or resource busy
The reason is that stdpxxxx_ge_b850v3_init() returns i2c_add_driver()
directly without checking its return value, if i2c_add_driver() failed,
it returns without calling i2c_del_driver() on the previous i2c driver,
resulting the megachips-stdpxxxx-ge-b850v3-fw can never be installed
later.
A simple call graph is shown as below:
Fix by calling i2c_del_driver() on stdp4028_ge_b850v3_fw_driver when
i2c_add_driver() returns error.
Fixes: fcfa0ddc18ed ("drm/bridge: Drivers for megachips-stdpxxxx-ge-b850v3-fw (LVDS-DP++)") Signed-off-by: Yuan Can <yuancan@huawei.com> Reviewed-by: Andrzej Hajda <andrzej.hajda@intel.com> Tested-by: Ian Ray <ian.ray@ge.com> Signed-off-by: Robert Foss <robert.foss@linaro.org> Link: https://patchwork.freedesktop.org/patch/msgid/20221108091226.114524-1-yuancan@huawei.com Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
Freescale/NXP i.MX LCDIF and eLCDIF LCD controllers are only present on
Freescale/NXP i.MX SoCs. Hence add a dependency on ARCH_MXS ||
ARCH_MXC, to prevent asking the user about this driver when configuring
a kernel without Freescale/NXP i.MX support.
When support for the interrupt controller was added with a5042de2688d,
we forgot to update the flags to be set to contain IRQ_LEVEL. While the
flow handler is correct, the output from /proc/interrupts does not show
such interrupts as being level triggered when they are, correct that.
Move the supply for cf->data[3] (bit stream position of CAN error), in
case of a bus- or protocol-error, outside of the "switch (ecc &
SJA1000_ECC_MASK){}"-statement, because this bit stream position is
independent of the error type.
Fixes: 96d8e90382dc ("can: Add driver for esd CAN-USB/2 device") Signed-off-by: Frank Jungclaus <frank.jungclaus@esd.eu> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20230216190450.3901254-2-frank.jungclaus@esd.eu Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
When CONFIG_PROC_FS is not set, there is a build error for an unused
function. Make PROC_HARDWARE depend on PROC_FS to prevent this error.
In file included from ../arch/m68k/kernel/setup.c:3:
../arch/m68k/kernel/setup_mm.c:477:12: error: 'hardware_proc_show' defined but not used [-Werror=unused-function]
477 | static int hardware_proc_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Use the akcipher_request_complete helper instead of calling the
completion function directly. In fact the previous code was buggy
in that EINPROGRESS was never passed back to the original caller.
This fixes all instances of which requires to allocate a buffer calling
alloc_skb which may release the chan lock and reacquire later which
makes it possible that the chan is disconnected in the meantime.
Fixes: a6a5568c03c4 ("Bluetooth: Lock the L2CAP channel when sending") Reported-by: Alexander Coffin <alex.coffin@matician.com> Signed-off-by: Luiz Augusto von Dentz <luiz.von.dentz@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
The remove function first frees the clks and only then calls
cpufreq_unregister_driver(). If one of the cpufreq callbacks is called
just before cpufreq_unregister_driver() is run, the freed clks might be
used.
Fixes: 6601b8030de3 ("davinci: add generic CPUFreq driver for DaVinci") Signed-off-by: Uwe Kleine-König <u.kleine-koenig@pengutronix.de> Acked-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
of_irq_find_parent() returns a node pointer with refcount incremented,
We should use of_node_put() on it when not needed anymore.
Add missing of_node_put() to avoid refcount leak.
Fixes: a68a63cb4dfc ("irqchip/irq-mvebu-gicp: Add new driver for Marvell GICP") Signed-off-by: Miaoqian Lin <linmq006@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230102084208.3951758-1-linmq006@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
of_irq_find_parent() returns a node pointer with refcount incremented,
We should use of_node_put() on it when not needed anymore.
Add missing of_node_put() to avoid refcount leak.
Fixes: e6b78f2c3e14 ("irqchip: Add the Alpine MSIX interrupt controller") Signed-off-by: Miaoqian Lin <linmq006@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230102082811.3947760-1-linmq006@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
As it is seqiv only handles the special return value of EINPROGERSS,
which means that in all other cases it will free data related to the
request.
However, as the caller of seqiv may specify MAY_BACKLOG, we also need
to expect EBUSY and treat it in the same way. Otherwise backlogged
requests will trigger a use-after-free.
Fixes: 0a270321dbf9 ("[CRYPTO] seqiv: Add Sequence Number IV Generator") Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
When encountering a string bigger than the destination buffer (32 bytes),
the string is not properly NUL-terminated, causing buffer overreads later.
This for example happens on the Inspiron 3505, where the battery
model name is larger than 32 bytes, which leads to sysfs showing
the model name together with the serial number string (which is
NUL-terminated and thus prevents worse).
Fix this by using strscpy() which ensures that the result is
always NUL-terminated.
Fixes: 106449e870b3 ("ACPI: Battery: Allow extract string from integer") Signed-off-by: Armin Wolf <W_Armin@gmx.de> Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
Fix a stack-out-of-bounds write that occurs in a WMI response callback
function that is called after a timeout occurs in ath9k_wmi_cmd().
The callback writes to wmi->cmd_rsp_buf, a stack-allocated buffer that
could no longer be valid when a timeout occurs. Set wmi->last_seq_id to
0 when a timeout occurred.
Fixes: fb9987d0f748 ("ath9k_htc: Support for AR9271 chipset.") Signed-off-by: Minsuk Kang <linuxlovemin@yonsei.ac.kr> Acked-by: Toke Høiland-Jørgensen <toke@toke.dk> Signed-off-by: Kalle Valo <quic_kvalo@quicinc.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230104124130.10996-1-linuxlovemin@yonsei.ac.kr Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
It is stated that ath9k_htc_rx_msg() either frees the provided skb or
passes its management to another callback function. However, the skb is
not freed in case there is no another callback function, and Syzkaller was
able to cause a memory leak. Also minor comment fix.
Found by Linux Verification Center (linuxtesting.org) with Syzkaller.
Fixes: fb9987d0f748 ("ath9k_htc: Support for AR9271 chipset.") Reported-by: syzbot+e008dccab31bd3647609@syzkaller.appspotmail.com Reported-by: syzbot+6692c72009680f7c4eb2@syzkaller.appspotmail.com Signed-off-by: Fedor Pchelkin <pchelkin@ispras.ru> Signed-off-by: Alexey Khoroshilov <khoroshilov@ispras.ru> Acked-by: Toke Høiland-Jørgensen <toke@toke.dk> Signed-off-by: Kalle Valo <quic_kvalo@quicinc.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230104123546.51427-1-pchelkin@ispras.ru Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
There is currently no return check for writing an authentication
type (HERMES_AUTH_SHARED_KEY or HERMES_AUTH_OPEN). It looks like
it was accidentally skipped.
This patch adds a return check similar to the other checks in
__orinoco_hw_setup_enc() for hermes_write_wordrec().
Previously acpi_ns_simple_repair() would crash if expected_btypes
contained any combination of ACPI_RTYPE_NONE with a different type,
e.g | ACPI_RTYPE_INTEGER because of slightly incorrect logic in the
!return_object branch, which wouldn't return AE_AML_NO_RETURN_VALUE
for such cases.
Found by Linux Verification Center (linuxtesting.org) with the SVACE
static analysis tool.
Link: https://github.com/acpica/acpica/pull/811 Fixes: 61db45ca2163 ("ACPICA: Restore code that repairs NULL package elements in return values.") Signed-off-by: Daniil Tatianin <d-tatianin@yandex-team.ru> Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
The helper mpi_read_raw_from_sgl sets the number of entries in
the SG list according to nbytes. However, if the last entry
in the SG list contains more data than nbytes, then it may overrun
the buffer because it only allocates enough memory for nbytes.
Fixes: 2d4d1eea540b ("lib/mpi: Add mpi sgl helpers") Reported-by: Roberto Sassu <roberto.sassu@huaweicloud.com> Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au> Reviewed-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com> Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
The type of member ->irqs_sum is unsigned long, but kstat_cpu_irqs_sum()
returns int, which can result in truncation. Therefore, change the
kstat_cpu_irqs_sum() function's return value to unsigned long to avoid
truncation.
Fixes: f2c66cd8eedd ("/proc/stat: scalability of irq num per cpu") Reported-by: Elliott, Robert (Servers) <elliott@hpe.com> Signed-off-by: Zhen Lei <thunder.leizhen@huawei.com> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: "Peter Zijlstra (Intel)" <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Josh Don <joshdon@google.com> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
It is not allowed to call kfree_skb() from hardware interrupt
context or with interrupts being disabled. So replace kfree_skb()
with dev_kfree_skb_irq() under spin_lock_irqsave(). Compile
tested only.
It is not allowed to call kfree_skb() from hardware interrupt
context or with interrupts being disabled. So replace kfree_skb()
with dev_kfree_skb_irq() under spin_lock_irqsave(). Compile
tested only.
Fixes: f52b041aed77 ("libertas: Add spinlock to avoid race condition") Signed-off-by: Yang Yingliang <yangyingliang@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Kalle Valo <kvalo@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221207150008.111743-5-yangyingliang@huawei.com Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
It is not allowed to call kfree_skb() from hardware interrupt
context or with interrupts being disabled. So replace kfree_skb()
with dev_kfree_skb_irq() under spin_lock_irqsave(). Compile
tested only.
Fixes: d2e7b3425c47 ("libertas: disable functionality when interface is down") Signed-off-by: Yang Yingliang <yangyingliang@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Kalle Valo <kvalo@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221207150008.111743-4-yangyingliang@huawei.com Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
After the DMA buffer is mapped to a physical address, address is stored
in pktids in brcmf_msgbuf_alloc_pktid(). Then, pktids is parsed in
brcmf_msgbuf_get_pktid()/brcmf_msgbuf_release_array() to obtain physaddr
and later unmap the DMA buffer. But when count is always equal to
pktids->array_size, physaddr isn't stored in pktids and the DMA buffer
will not be unmapped anyway.
Fixes: 9a1bb60250d2 ("brcmfmac: Adding msgbuf protocol.") Signed-off-by: Zhengchao Shao <shaozhengchao@huawei.com> Reviewed-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Kalle Valo <kvalo@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221207013114.1748936-1-shaozhengchao@huawei.com Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
The brcmf_netdev_start_xmit() returns NETDEV_TX_OK without freeing skb
in case of pskb_expand_head() fails, add dev_kfree_skb() to fix it.
Compile tested only.
Fixes: 270a6c1f65fe ("brcmfmac: rework headroom check in .start_xmit()") Signed-off-by: Zhang Changzhong <zhangchangzhong@huawei.com> Reviewed-by: Arend van Spriel <arend.vanspriel@broadcom.com> Signed-off-by: Kalle Valo <kvalo@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/1668684782-47422-1-git-send-email-zhangchangzhong@huawei.com Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
In the error path of ipw_wdev_init(), exception value is returned, and
the memory applied for in the function is not released. Also the memory
is not released in ipw_pci_probe(). As a result, memory leakage occurs.
So memory release needs to be added to the error path of ipw_wdev_init().
Fixes: a3caa99e6c68 ("libipw: initiate cfg80211 API conversion (v2)") Signed-off-by: Zhengchao Shao <shaozhengchao@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Kalle Valo <kvalo@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221209012422.182669-1-shaozhengchao@huawei.com Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
It is not allowed to call kfree_skb() or consume_skb() from hardware
interrupt context or with hardware interrupts being disabled.
It should use dev_kfree_skb_irq() or dev_consume_skb_irq() instead.
The difference between them is free reason, dev_kfree_skb_irq() means
the SKB is dropped in error and dev_consume_skb_irq() means the SKB
is consumed in normal.
In this case, dev_kfree_skb() is called to free and drop the SKB when
it's shutdown, so replace it with dev_kfree_skb_irq(). Compile tested
only.
Fixes: 26f1fad29ad9 ("New driver: rtl8xxxu (mac80211)") Signed-off-by: Yang Yingliang <yangyingliang@huawei.com> Reviewed-by: Ping-Ke Shih <pkshih@realtek.com> Signed-off-by: Kalle Valo <kvalo@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221208143517.2383424-1-yangyingliang@huawei.com Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
Make sure to copy the flags when a bio_integrity_payload is cloned.
Otherwise per-I/O properties such as IP checksum flag will not be
passed down to the HBA driver. Since the integrity buffer is owned by
the original bio, the BIP_BLOCK_INTEGRITY flag needs to be masked off
to avoid a double free in the completion path.
Node names should be generic and use hyphens instead of underscores to
not cause warnings. Also nodes without a reg property should not have a
unit-address. Change the scpi_dvfs node to use clock-controller as node
name without a unit address (since it does not have a reg property).
Fixes: 70db166a2baa ("ARM64: dts: meson-gxbb: Add SCPI with cpufreq & sensors Nodes") Signed-off-by: Martin Blumenstingl <martin.blumenstingl@googlemail.com> Reviewed-by: Neil Armstrong <neil.armstrong@linaro.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230111211350.1461860-7-martin.blumenstingl@googlemail.com Signed-off-by: Neil Armstrong <neil.armstrong@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
of_find_compatible_node() returns a node pointer with refcount incremented,
we should use of_node_put() on error path.
Add missing of_node_put() to avoid refcount leak.
Use spinlocks to deal with workers introducing a wrapper
asus_schedule_work(), and several spinlock checks.
Otherwise, asus_kbd_backlight_set() may schedule led->work after the
structure has been freed, causing a use-after-free.
Fixes: af22a610bc38 ("HID: asus: support backlight on USB keyboards") Signed-off-by: Pietro Borrello <borrello@diag.uniroma1.it> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230125-hid-unregister-leds-v4-5-7860c5763c38@diag.uniroma1.it Signed-off-by: Benjamin Tissoires <benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Stefan Ghinea <stefan.ghinea@windriver.com> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
asus driver has a worker that may access data concurrently.
Proct the accesses using a spinlock.
Fixes: af22a610bc38 ("HID: asus: support backlight on USB keyboards") Signed-off-by: Pietro Borrello <borrello@diag.uniroma1.it> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230125-hid-unregister-leds-v4-4-7860c5763c38@diag.uniroma1.it Signed-off-by: Benjamin Tissoires <benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Stefan Ghinea <stefan.ghinea@windriver.com> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Remove the early return on LED brightness set so that any controller
application, daemon, or desktop may set the same brightness at any stage.
This is required because many ASUS ROG keyboards will default to max
brightness on laptop resume if the LEDs were set to off before sleep.
Signed-off-by: Luke D Jones <luke@ljones.dev> Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Stefan Ghinea <stefan.ghinea@windriver.com> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Ever since commit 83e83ecb79a8 ("usb: core: get config and string
descriptors for unauthorized devices") was merged in 2013, there has
been no mechanism for reallocating the rawdescriptors buffers in
struct usb_device after the initial enumeration. Before that commit,
the buffers would be deallocated when a device was deauthorized and
reallocated when it was authorized and enumerated.
This means that the locking in the read_descriptors() routine is not
needed, since the buffers it reads will never be reallocated while the
routine is running. This locking can interfere with user programs
trying to read a hub's descriptors via sysfs while new child devices
of the hub are being initialized, since the hub is locked during this
procedure.
Since the locking in read_descriptors() hasn't been needed for over
nine years, we can remove it.