Fix usage of deallocated EVP_RAND_CTX after execution of FIPS on-demand self tests

Fix usage of deallocated EVP_RAND_CTX after execution of FIPS on-demand self tests

Once RNG is used, triggering FIPS on-demand self tests (via
OSSL_PROVIDER_self_test() API) crashes the application. This happens because the
RNG context is stored before self tests, and restored after their execution.
In the meantime - before context restoration - RAND_set0_private() function is
called, which decrements the stored RNG context reference counter and frees it.
To resolve the issue, the stored RNG context refcount has been incremented via
the EVP_RAND_CTX_up_ref() API to avoid its deallocation during the RNG context
switch performed by the self test function.
The provider_status_test test has been updated to reproduce the issue as
a regression test.

Signed-off-by: Karol Brzuskiewicz <kabr@arista.com>
Reviewed-by: Shane Lontis <shane.lontis@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Tom Cosgrove <tom.cosgrove@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Paul Dale <ppzgs1@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Tomas Mraz <tomas@openssl.org>
(Merged from https://github.com/openssl/openssl/pull/24599)