Refactor "get" to allow for pluggable identity token schemes

Refactor "get" to allow for pluggable identity token schemes

Fixed regression in 1.2 within sharded query feature where the
new "identity_token" element was not being correctly considered within
the scope of a lazy load operation, when searching the identity map
for a related many-to-one element.   The new behavior will allow for
making use of the "id_chooser" in order to determine the best identity
key to retrieve from the identity map.  In order to achieve this, some
refactoring of 1.2's "identity_token" approach has made some slight changes
to the implementation of ``ShardedQuery`` which should be noted for other
derivations of this class.

Change-Id: I04fa60535deec2d0cdec89f602935dfebeb9eb9d
Fixes: #4228