libssh2: replace `access()` with `stat()`

libssh2: replace `access()` with `stat()`

Prefer `stat()` to verify the presence of key files.

This drops the last uses of `access()` in the codebase, which was
reported to cause issues in some cases.

Also add `access()` to the list of banned functions in checksrc.

Ref: https://github.com/curl/curl/pull/13412#issuecomment-2065505415
Ref: https://github.com/curl/curl/pull/13482#issuecomment-2078980522
Ref: #13497
Co-authored-by: Jay Satiro
Closes #13498