Ensure `$(MAKE)` commands and `CFLAGS` are appropriately quoted in the Makefile.

Ensure `$(MAKE)` commands and `CFLAGS` are appropriately quoted in the Makefile.

If a user's `make` command came from a path that contained a space then both the
`$(MAKE)` variable (and parts of the generated `CFLAGS`, when building for iOS)
would not be properly quoted and the build would fail.

Reviewed-by: Tom Cosgrove <tom.cosgrove@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Tomas Mraz <tomas@openssl.org>
(Merged from https://github.com/openssl/openssl/pull/23663)