The largest year number allowed in a :class:`date` or :class:`.datetime` object.
:const:`MAXYEAR` is 9999.
-.. attribute:: UTC
+.. data:: UTC
Alias for the UTC time zone singleton :attr:`datetime.timezone.utc`.
.. deprecated:: 3.12
- Use :meth:`datetime.now` with :attr:`UTC` instead.
+ Use :meth:`datetime.now` with :const:`UTC` instead.
.. classmethod:: datetime.fromtimestamp(timestamp, tz=None)
.. deprecated:: 3.12
- Use :meth:`datetime.fromtimestamp` with :attr:`UTC` instead.
+ Use :meth:`datetime.fromtimestamp` with :const:`UTC` instead.
.. classmethod:: datetime.fromordinal(ordinal)
Decimal('904625697166532776746648320380374280103671755200316906558262375061821325312')
-For inexact results, :attr:`MAX_PREC` is far too large on 64-bit platforms and
+For inexact results, :const:`MAX_PREC` is far too large on 64-bit platforms and
the available memory will be insufficient::
>>> Decimal(1) / 3
are the same type as *self*, if *self* is a subclass of
:class:`dircmp`.
-.. attribute:: DEFAULT_IGNORES
+.. data:: DEFAULT_IGNORES
.. versionadded:: 3.4
.. function:: packages_distributions()
Return a mapping from the top level module and import package
- names found via :attr:`sys.meta_path` to the names of the distribution
+ names found via :data:`sys.meta_path` to the names of the distribution
packages (if any) that provide the corresponding files.
To allow for namespace packages (which may have members provided by
suitable for reading (same as :attr:`pathlib.Path.open`).
When opening as text, accepts encoding parameters such as those
- accepted by :attr:`io.TextIOWrapper`.
+ accepted by :class:`io.TextIOWrapper`.
.. method:: read_bytes()
This module contains the various objects that help :keyword:`import`
find and load modules.
-.. attribute:: SOURCE_SUFFIXES
+.. data:: SOURCE_SUFFIXES
A list of strings representing the recognized file suffixes for source
modules.
.. versionadded:: 3.3
-.. attribute:: DEBUG_BYTECODE_SUFFIXES
+.. data:: DEBUG_BYTECODE_SUFFIXES
A list of strings representing the file suffixes for non-optimized bytecode
modules.
.. versionadded:: 3.3
.. deprecated:: 3.5
- Use :attr:`BYTECODE_SUFFIXES` instead.
+ Use :const:`BYTECODE_SUFFIXES` instead.
-.. attribute:: OPTIMIZED_BYTECODE_SUFFIXES
+.. data:: OPTIMIZED_BYTECODE_SUFFIXES
A list of strings representing the file suffixes for optimized bytecode
modules.
.. versionadded:: 3.3
.. deprecated:: 3.5
- Use :attr:`BYTECODE_SUFFIXES` instead.
+ Use :const:`BYTECODE_SUFFIXES` instead.
-.. attribute:: BYTECODE_SUFFIXES
+.. data:: BYTECODE_SUFFIXES
A list of strings representing the recognized file suffixes for bytecode
modules (including the leading dot).
.. versionchanged:: 3.5
The value is no longer dependent on ``__debug__``.
-.. attribute:: EXTENSION_SUFFIXES
+.. data:: EXTENSION_SUFFIXES
A list of strings representing the recognized file suffixes for
extension modules.
.. method:: is_package(fullname)
Returns ``True`` if the file path points to a package's ``__init__``
- module based on :attr:`EXTENSION_SUFFIXES`.
+ module based on :const:`EXTENSION_SUFFIXES`.
.. method:: get_code(fullname)
This module contains the various objects that help in the construction of
an :term:`importer`.
-.. attribute:: MAGIC_NUMBER
+.. data:: MAGIC_NUMBER
The bytes which represent the bytecode version number. If you need help with
loading/writing bytecode then consider :class:`importlib.abc.SourceLoader`.
If no handler is attached to this logger (or any of its ancestors,
taking into account the relevant :attr:`Logger.propagate` attributes),
- the message will be sent to the handler set on :attr:`lastResort`.
+ the message will be sent to the handler set on :data:`lastResort`.
.. versionchanged:: 3.2
The *stack_info* parameter was added.
Module-Level Attributes
-----------------------
-.. attribute:: lastResort
+.. data:: lastResort
A "handler of last resort" is available through this attribute. This
is a :class:`StreamHandler` writing to ``sys.stderr`` with a level of
.. versionadded:: 3.2
-.. attribute:: raiseExceptions
+.. data:: raiseExceptions
Used to see if exceptions during handling should be propagated.
:exc:`InterruptedError`.
-.. attribute:: PIPE_BUF
+.. data:: PIPE_BUF
The minimum number of bytes which can be written without blocking to a pipe
when the pipe has been reported as ready for writing by :func:`~select.select`,
A :class:`TLSVersion` enum member representing the highest supported
TLS version. The value defaults to :attr:`TLSVersion.MAXIMUM_SUPPORTED`.
- The attribute is read-only for protocols other than :attr:`PROTOCOL_TLS`,
- :attr:`PROTOCOL_TLS_CLIENT`, and :attr:`PROTOCOL_TLS_SERVER`.
+ The attribute is read-only for protocols other than :const:`PROTOCOL_TLS`,
+ :const:`PROTOCOL_TLS_CLIENT`, and :const:`PROTOCOL_TLS_SERVER`.
The attributes :attr:`~SSLContext.maximum_version`,
:attr:`~SSLContext.minimum_version` and
.. attribute:: SSLContext.num_tickets
Control the number of TLS 1.3 session tickets of a
- :attr:`PROTOCOL_TLS_SERVER` context. The setting has no impact on TLS
+ :const:`PROTOCOL_TLS_SERVER` context. The setting has no impact on TLS
1.0 to 1.2 connections.
.. versionadded:: 3.8
Other systems also allow Unicode strings as file names but convert them to byte
strings before passing them to the system, which can cause a :exc:`UnicodeError`
to be raised. Applications can test whether arbitrary Unicode strings are
-supported as file names by checking :attr:`os.path.supports_unicode_filenames`,
+supported as file names by checking :const:`os.path.supports_unicode_filenames`,
a Boolean value.
Under MacOS, :func:`os.listdir` may now return Unicode filenames.
identifier instead of the previous default value of ``'python'``.
(Changed by Sean Reifschneider; :issue:`8451`.)
-* The :attr:`sys.version_info` value is now a named tuple, with attributes
+* The :data:`sys.version_info` value is now a named tuple, with attributes
named :attr:`!major`, :attr:`!minor`, :attr:`!micro`,
:attr:`!releaselevel`, and :attr:`!serial`. (Contributed by Ross
Light; :issue:`4285`.)
``imp.NullImporter`` Insert ``None`` into ``sys.path_importer_cache``
``imp.cache_from_source()`` :func:`importlib.util.cache_from_source`
``imp.find_module()`` :func:`importlib.util.find_spec`
- ``imp.get_magic()`` :attr:`importlib.util.MAGIC_NUMBER`
- ``imp.get_suffixes()`` :attr:`importlib.machinery.SOURCE_SUFFIXES`, :attr:`importlib.machinery.EXTENSION_SUFFIXES`, and :attr:`importlib.machinery.BYTECODE_SUFFIXES`
+ ``imp.get_magic()`` :const:`importlib.util.MAGIC_NUMBER`
+ ``imp.get_suffixes()`` :const:`importlib.machinery.SOURCE_SUFFIXES`, :const:`importlib.machinery.EXTENSION_SUFFIXES`, and :const:`importlib.machinery.BYTECODE_SUFFIXES`
``imp.get_tag()`` :attr:`sys.implementation.cache_tag <sys.implementation>`
``imp.load_module()`` :func:`importlib.import_module`
``imp.new_module(name)`` ``types.ModuleType(name)``
:mod:`importlib` as part of the :mod:`!imp` module deprecation. (Contributed by
Berker Peksag in :issue:`18193`.)
-:mod:`importlib.util` now has a :data:`~importlib.util.MAGIC_NUMBER` attribute
+:mod:`importlib.util` now has a :const:`~importlib.util.MAGIC_NUMBER` attribute
providing access to the bytecode version number. This replaces the
:func:`!get_magic` function in the deprecated :mod:`!imp` module.
(Contributed by Brett Cannon in :issue:`18192`.)
.. nonce: s9PuyF
.. section: Library
-Adding :attr:`F_DUP2FD` and :attr:`F_DUP2FD_CLOEXEC` constants from FreeBSD
-into the fcntl module.
+Adding :const:`!F_DUP2FD` and :const:`!F_DUP2FD_CLOEXEC` constants from FreeBSD
+into the :mod:`fcntl` module.
..