Evaluate a precompiled code object, given a particular environment for its
evaluation. This environment consists of a dictionary of global variables,
a mapping object of local variables, arrays of arguments, keywords and
- defaults, a dictionary of default values for :ref:`keyword-only\
+ defaults, a dictionary of default values for :ref:`keyword-only
<keyword-only_parameter>` arguments and a closure tuple of cells.
| *sources* | list of source filenames, | a list of strings |
| | relative to the distribution | |
| | root (where the setup script | |
- | | lives), in Unix form (slash- | |
- | | separated) for portability. | |
+ | | lives), in Unix form | |
+ | | (slash-separated) for | |
+ | | portability. | |
| | Source files may be C, C++, | |
| | SWIG (.i), platform-specific | |
| | resource files, or whatever | |
+------------------+--------------------------------+---------+
| option name | description | default |
+==================+================================+=========+
- | *strip_comments* | strip from ``'#'`` to end-of- | true |
- | | line, as well as any | |
+ | *strip_comments* | strip from ``'#'`` to | true |
+ | | end-of-line, as well as any | |
| | whitespace leading up to the | |
| | ``'#'``\ ---unless it is | |
| | escaped by a backslash | |
python setup.py bdist --format=zip
-would, when run on a Unix system, create :file:`Distutils-1.0.{plat}.zip`\
----again, this archive would be unpacked from the root directory to install the
-Distutils.
+would, when run on a Unix system, create
+:file:`Distutils-1.0.{plat}.zip`\ ---again, this archive would be unpacked
+from the root directory to install the Distutils.
The available formats for built distributions are:
provide default values for any command option, which the installer can then
override either on the command-line or by editing the config file.
-The setup configuration file is a useful middle-ground between the setup script
----which, ideally, would be opaque to installers [#]_---and the command-line to
+The setup configuration file is a useful middle-ground between the setup
+script---which, ideally, would be opaque to installers [#]_---and the command-line to
the setup script, which is outside of your control and entirely up to the
installer. In fact, :file:`setup.cfg` (and any other Distutils configuration
files present on the target system) are processed after the contents of the
:c:func:`PyObject_CallObject` returns a Python object pointer: this is the return
value of the Python function. :c:func:`PyObject_CallObject` is
"reference-count-neutral" with respect to its arguments. In the example a new
-tuple was created to serve as the argument list, which is :c:func:`Py_DECREF`\
--ed immediately after the :c:func:`PyObject_CallObject` call.
+tuple was created to serve as the argument list, which is
+:c:func:`Py_DECREF`\ -ed immediately after the :c:func:`PyObject_CallObject`
+call.
The return value of :c:func:`PyObject_CallObject` is "new": either it is a brand
new object, or it is an existing object whose reference count has been
The :class:`NullHandler`, :class:`StreamHandler` and :class:`FileHandler`
classes are defined in the core logging package. The other handlers are
-defined in a sub- module, :mod:`logging.handlers`. (There is also another
+defined in a sub-module, :mod:`logging.handlers`. (There is also another
sub-module, :mod:`logging.config`, for configuration functionality.)
Logged messages are formatted for presentation through instances of the
These override options can be relative, absolute,
or explicitly defined in terms of one of the installation base directories.
-(There are two installation base directories, and they are normally the same---
-they only differ when you use the Unix "prefix scheme" and supply different
-``--prefix`` and ``--exec-prefix`` options; using ``--install-lib`` will
-override values computed or given for ``--install-purelib`` and
+(There are two installation base directories, and they are normally the
+same---they only differ when you use the Unix "prefix scheme" and supply
+different ``--prefix`` and ``--exec-prefix`` options; using ``--install-lib``
+will override values computed or given for ``--install-purelib`` and
``--install-platlib``, and is recommended for schemes that don't make a
difference between Python and extension modules.)
If you maintain Python on Windows, you might want third-party modules to live in
a subdirectory of :file:`{prefix}`, rather than right in :file:`{prefix}`
-itself. This is almost as easy as customizing the script installation directory
----you just have to remember that there are two types of modules to worry about,
-Python and extension modules, which can conveniently be both controlled by one
-option::
+itself. This is almost as easy as customizing the script installation
+directory---you just have to remember that there are two types of modules
+to worry about, Python and extension modules, which can conveniently be both
+controlled by one option::
python setup.py install --install-lib=Site
| | ks_c-5601, ks_c-5601-1987, | |
| | ksx1001, ks_x-1001 | |
+-----------------+--------------------------------+--------------------------------+
-| gb2312 | chinese, csiso58gb231280, euc- | Simplified Chinese |
-| | cn, euccn, eucgb2312-cn, | |
-| | gb2312-1980, gb2312-80, iso- | |
-| | ir-58 | |
+| gb2312 | chinese, csiso58gb231280, | Simplified Chinese |
+| | euc-cn, euccn, eucgb2312-cn, | |
+| | gb2312-1980, gb2312-80, | |
+| | iso-ir-58 | |
+-----------------+--------------------------------+--------------------------------+
| gbk | 936, cp936, ms936 | Unified Chinese |
+-----------------+--------------------------------+--------------------------------+
| ``+t1`` | Returns a :class:`timedelta` object with the |
| | same value. (2) |
+--------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
-| ``-t1`` | equivalent to :class:`timedelta`\ |
-| | (-*t1.days*, -*t1.seconds*, |
-| | -*t1.microseconds*), and to *t1*\* -1. (1)(4) |
+| ``-t1`` | equivalent to |
+| | :class:`timedelta`\ (-*t1.days*, |
+| | -*t1.seconds*, -*t1.microseconds*), |
+| | and to *t1*\* -1. (1)(4) |
+--------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| ``abs(t)`` | equivalent to +\ *t* when ``t.days >= 0``, and|
| | to -*t* when ``t.days < 0``. (2) |
.. method:: is_multipart()
- Return ``True`` if the message's payload is a list of sub-\
- :class:`Message` objects, otherwise return ``False``. When
+ Return ``True`` if the message's payload is a list of
+ sub-\ :class:`Message` objects, otherwise return ``False``. When
:meth:`is_multipart` returns ``False``, the payload should be a string
object (which might be a CTE encoded binary payload. (Note that
:meth:`is_multipart` returning ``True`` does not necessarily mean that
.. method:: is_multipart()
- Return ``True`` if the message's payload is a list of sub-\
- :class:`EmailMessage` objects, otherwise return ``False``. When
+ Return ``True`` if the message's payload is a list of
+ sub-\ :class:`EmailMessage` objects, otherwise return ``False``. When
:meth:`is_multipart` returns ``False``, the payload should be a string
object (which might be a CTE encoded binary payload). Note that
:meth:`is_multipart` returning ``True`` does not necessarily mean that
Module-Level Functions
----------------------
-In addition to the classes described above, there are a number of module- level
+In addition to the classes described above, there are a number of module-level
functions.
Handling boolean (flag) options
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-Flag options---set a variable to true or false when a particular option is seen
----are quite common. :mod:`optparse` supports them with two separate actions,
+Flag options---set a variable to true or false when a particular option is
+seen---are quite common. :mod:`optparse` supports them with two separate actions,
``store_true`` and ``store_false``. For example, you might have a ``verbose``
flag that is turned on with ``-v`` and off with ``-q``::
parser.add_option("-q", action="store_false", dest="verbose")
Here we have two different options with the same destination, which is perfectly
-OK. (It just means you have to be a bit careful when setting default values---
-see below.)
+OK. (It just means you have to be a bit careful when setting default
+values---see below.)
When :mod:`optparse` encounters ``-v`` on the command line, it sets
``options.verbose`` to ``True``; when it encounters ``-q``,
default: ``"Usage: %prog [options]"``, which is fine if your script doesn't
take any positional arguments.
-* every option defines a help string, and doesn't worry about line-wrapping---
- :mod:`optparse` takes care of wrapping lines and making the help output look
- good.
+* every option defines a help string, and doesn't worry about
+ line-wrapping---\ :mod:`optparse` takes care of wrapping lines and making
+ the help output look good.
* options that take a value indicate this fact in their automatically-generated
help message, e.g. for the "mode" option::
.. function:: wait3(options)
Similar to :func:`waitpid`, except no process id argument is given and a
- 3-element tuple containing the child's process id, exit status indication, and
- resource usage information is returned. Refer to :mod:`resource`.\
- :func:`~resource.getrusage` for details on resource usage information. The
- option argument is the same as that provided to :func:`waitpid` and
- :func:`wait4`.
+ 3-element tuple containing the child's process id, exit status indication,
+ and resource usage information is returned. Refer to
+ :mod:`resource`.\ :func:`~resource.getrusage` for details on resource usage
+ information. The option argument is the same as that provided to
+ :func:`waitpid` and :func:`wait4`.
Availability: Unix.
number of bytes written. If the audio device is in blocking mode (the
default), the entire data is always written (again, this is different from
usual Unix device semantics). If the device is in non-blocking mode, some
- data may not be written
- ---see :meth:`writeall`.
+ data may not be written---see :meth:`writeall`.
.. versionchanged:: 3.5
Writable :term:`bytes-like object` is now accepted.
.. function:: S_IMODE(mode)
- Return the portion of the file's mode that can be set by :func:`os.chmod`\
- ---that is, the file's permission bits, plus the sticky bit, set-group-id, and
- set-user-id bits (on systems that support them).
+ Return the portion of the file's mode that can be set by
+ :func:`os.chmod`\ ---that is, the file's permission bits, plus the sticky
+ bit, set-group-id, and set-user-id bits (on systems that support them).
.. function:: S_IFMT(mode)
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| ``'o'`` | Octal format. Outputs the number in base 8. |
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
- | ``'x'`` | Hex format. Outputs the number in base 16, using lower- |
- | | case letters for the digits above 9. |
+ | ``'x'`` | Hex format. Outputs the number in base 16, using |
+ | | lower-case letters for the digits above 9. |
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
- | ``'X'`` | Hex format. Outputs the number in base 16, using upper- |
- | | case letters for the digits above 9. |
+ | ``'X'`` | Hex format. Outputs the number in base 16, using |
+ | | upper-case letters for the digits above 9. |
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| ``'n'`` | Number. This is the same as ``'d'``, except that it uses |
| | the current locale setting to insert the appropriate |
.. function:: tcsendbreak(fd, duration)
- Send a break on file descriptor *fd*. A zero *duration* sends a break for 0.25
- --0.5 seconds; a nonzero *duration* has a system dependent meaning.
+ Send a break on file descriptor *fd*. A zero *duration* sends a break for
+ 0.25--0.5 seconds; a nonzero *duration* has a system dependent meaning.
.. function:: tcdrain(fd)
.. index::
single: **; in function calls
-In the same fashion, dictionaries can deliver keyword arguments with the ``**``\
--operator::
+In the same fashion, dictionaries can deliver keyword arguments with the
+``**``\ -operator::
>>> def parrot(voltage, state='a stiff', action='voom'):
... print("-- This parrot wouldn't", action, end=' ')
variables are preserved. On the next call to the generator's ``next()`` method,
the function will resume executing immediately after the :keyword:`yield`
statement. (For complicated reasons, the :keyword:`yield` statement isn't
-allowed inside the :keyword:`try` block of a :keyword:`try`...\
-:keyword:`finally` statement; read :pep:`255` for a full explanation of the
-interaction between :keyword:`yield` and exceptions.)
+allowed inside the :keyword:`try` block of a
+:keyword:`try`...\ :keyword:`finally` statement; read :pep:`255` for a full
+explanation of the interaction between :keyword:`yield` and exceptions.)
Here's a sample usage of the :func:`generate_ints` generator::
variables are preserved. On the next call to the generator's ``.next()``
method, the function will resume executing immediately after the
:keyword:`yield` statement. (For complicated reasons, the :keyword:`yield`
-statement isn't allowed inside the :keyword:`try` block of a :keyword:`try`...\
-:keyword:`finally` statement; read :pep:`255` for a full explanation of the
-interaction between :keyword:`yield` and exceptions.)
+statement isn't allowed inside the :keyword:`try` block of a
+:keyword:`try`...\ :keyword:`finally` statement; read :pep:`255` for a full
+explanation of the interaction between :keyword:`yield` and exceptions.)
Here's a sample usage of the :func:`generate_ints` generator::
will have to change your ``import`` statements to import it as :mod:`bsddb`.
* The new :mod:`bz2` module is an interface to the bz2 data compression library.
- bz2-compressed data is usually smaller than corresponding :mod:`zlib`\
- -compressed data. (Contributed by Gustavo Niemeyer.)
+ bz2-compressed data is usually smaller than corresponding
+ :mod:`zlib`\ -compressed data. (Contributed by Gustavo Niemeyer.)
* A set of standard date/time types has been added in the new :mod:`datetime`
module. See the following section for more details.
The parentheses aren't always necessary, but it's easier to always add them
instead of having to remember when they're needed.
-(:pep:`342` explains the exact rules, which are that a :keyword:`yield`\
--expression must always be parenthesized except when it occurs at the top-level
+(:pep:`342` explains the exact rules, which are that a
+:keyword:`yield`\ -expression must always be parenthesized except when it
+occurs at the top-level
expression on the right-hand side of an assignment. This means you can write
``val = yield i`` but have to use parentheses when there's an operation, as in
``val = (yield i) + 12``.)
:class:`~ssl.SSLContext` has a new method,
:meth:`~ssl.SSLContext.cert_store_stats`, that reports the number of loaded
-``X.509`` certs, ``X.509 CA`` certs, and certificate revocation lists (``crl``\
-s), as well as a :meth:`~ssl.SSLContext.get_ca_certs` method that returns a
-list of the loaded ``CA`` certificates. (Contributed by Christian Heimes in
-:issue:`18147`.)
+``X.509`` certs, ``X.509 CA`` certs, and certificate revocation lists
+(``crl``\ s), as well as a :meth:`~ssl.SSLContext.get_ca_certs` method that
+returns a list of the loaded ``CA`` certificates. (Contributed by Christian
+Heimes in :issue:`18147`.)
If OpenSSL 0.9.8 or later is available, :class:`~ssl.SSLContext` has a new
attribute :attr:`~ssl.SSLContext.verify_flags` that can be used to control the
.. section: Library
Don't force 3rd party C extensions to be built with
+<<<<<<< HEAD
``-Werror=declaration-after-statement``.
+=======
+-Werror=declaration-after-statement.
+>>>>>>> 3f819ca138... bpo-35110: Fix unintentional spaces around hyphens and dashes. (GH-10231)
..
.. section: Build
Prevent possible segfaults and other random failures of python
+<<<<<<< HEAD
``--generate-posix-vars`` in pybuilddir.txt build target.
+=======
+--generate-posix-vars in pybuilddir.txt build target.
+>>>>>>> 3f819ca138... bpo-35110: Fix unintentional spaces around hyphens and dashes. (GH-10231)
..
Enhance the initial html viewer now used for Idle Help. Properly indent
fixed-pitch text (patch by Mark Roseman). Give code snippet a very
-Sphinx-like light blueish-gray background. Re-use initial width and height set by
-users for shell and editor. When the Table of Contents (TOC) menu is used,
-put the section header at the top of the screen.
+Sphinx-like light blueish-gray background. Re-use initial width and height
+set by users for shell and editor. When the Table of Contents (TOC) menu is
+used, put the section header at the top of the screen.
..
.. section: Build
Disable the rules for running _freeze_importlib and pgen when
-cross-compiling. The output of these programs is normally saved with the source
-code anyway, and is still regenerated when doing a native build. Patch by
-Xavier de Gaye.
+cross-compiling. The output of these programs is normally saved with the
+source code anyway, and is still regenerated when doing a native build.
+Patch by Xavier de Gaye.
..
.. nonce: cYraeH
.. section: Library
-A new version of typing.py from https://github.com/python/typing: -
-Collection (only for 3.6) (Issue #27598) - Add FrozenSet to __all__
-(upstream #261) - fix crash in _get_type_vars() (upstream #259) - Remove the
-dict constraint in ForwardRef._eval_type (upstream #252)
+A new version of typing.py from https://github.com/python/typing:
+Collection (only for 3.6) (Issue #27598). Add FrozenSet to __all__
+(upstream #261). Fix crash in _get_type_vars() (upstream #259). Remove the
+dict constraint in ForwardRef._eval_type (upstream #252).
..
.. nonce: Ow7alv
.. section: IDLE
-Avoid small type when running htests. Since part of the purpose of human-
-viewed tests is to determine that widgets look right, it is important that
+Avoid small type when running htests. Since part of the purpose of
+human-viewed tests is to determine that widgets look right, it is important that
they look the same for testing as when running IDLE.
..
-Improve difflib.SequenceManager.get_matching_blocks doc by adding 'non-
-overlapping' and changing '!=' to '<'.
+Improve difflib.SequenceManager.get_matching_blocks doc by adding
+'non-overlapping' and changing '!=' to '<'.
projects / thirdparty / Python / cpython.git / commitdiff
