- set readline_echoing_p = 1 if tcgetattr fails and sets errno to
EINVAL, as Linux does when the fd is a pipe. Reported by Mike
Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
+
+ 3/6
+ ---
+{MANIFEST,Makefile.in},lib/sh/{casemod,uconvert,ufuncs}.c
+ - new library sources from bash-4.0-devel triee
+
+lib/sh/spell.c
+ - moved cdspell() here from builtins/cd.def, renamed dirspell()
+
+externs.h
+ - new declarations for extern functions from new library files
+ - new extern declaration for lib/sh/spell.c:dirspell()
+
+builtins/cd.def
+ - call extern library function dirspell(); remove static cdspell()
+
+builtins/read.def
+ - when read times out, make sure input_string is null-terminated before
+ assigning any partial input read to the named variables
+
+ 3/10
+ ----
+lib/glob/xmbsrtowcs.c
+ - cut the number of memory allocations in xdupmbstowcs by not keeping
+ track of the indices if the caller hasn't asked for it
execute_cmd.c
- in execute_cond_node, restore bash-3.1 behavior of quoted rhs of
regexp matches if shell_compatibility_level == 31
+
+ 2/28
+ ----
+lib/readline/rltty.c
+ - set readline_echoing_p = 1 if tcgetattr fails and sets errno to
+ EINVAL, as Linux does when the fd is a pipe. Reported by Mike
+ Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
+
+ 3/6
+ ---
+{MANIFEST,Makefile.in},lib/sh/{casemod,uconvert,ufuncs}.c
+ - new library sources from bash-4.0-devel triee
+
+lib/sh/spell.c
+ - moved cdspell() here from builtins/cd.def, renamed dirspell()
+
+externs.h
+ - new declarations for extern functions from new library files
+ - new extern declaration for lib/sh/spell.c:dirspell()
+
+builtins/cd.def
+ - call extern library function dirspell(); remove static cdspell()
+
+builtins/read.def
+ - when read times out, make sure input_string is null-terminated before
+ assigning any partial input read to the named variables
lib/readline/examples/rlcat.c f
lib/readline/examples/Inputrc f
lib/sh/Makefile.in f
+lib/sh/casemod.c f
lib/sh/clktck.c f
lib/sh/clock.c f
lib/sh/eaccess.c f
lib/sh/times.c f
lib/sh/timeval.c f
lib/sh/tmpfile.c f
+lib/sh/uconvert.c f
+lib/sh/ufuncs.c f
lib/sh/vprint.c f
lib/sh/wcsdup.c f
lib/sh/winsize.c f
lib/sh/itos.c f
lib/sh/mailstat.c f
lib/sh/makepath.c f
+lib/sh/mbscmp.c f
lib/sh/memset.c f
lib/sh/mktime.c f
lib/sh/netconn.c f
${SH_LIBSRC}/strnlen.c ${SH_LIBSRC}/winsize.c \
${SH_LIBSRC}/eaccess.c ${SH_LIBSRC}/wcsdup.c \
${SH_LIBSRC}/zmapfd.c ${SH_LIBSRC}/fpurge.c \
- ${SH_LIBSRC}/zgetline.c ${SH_LIBSRC}/mbscmp.c
+ ${SH_LIBSRC}/zgetline.c ${SH_LIBSRC}/mbscmp.c \
+ ${SH_LIBSRC}/casemod.c ${SH_LIBSRC}/uconvert.c \
+ ${SH_LIBSRC}/ufuncs.c
SHLIB_LIB = -lsh
SHLIB_LIBNAME = libsh.a
${SH_LIBSRC}/strnlen.c ${SH_LIBSRC}/winsize.c \
${SH_LIBSRC}/eaccess.c ${SH_LIBSRC}/wcsdup.c \
${SH_LIBSRC}/zmapfd.c ${SH_LIBSRC}/fpurge.c \
- ${SH_LIBSRC}/zgetline.c
+ ${SH_LIBSRC}/zgetline.c ${SH_LIBSRC}/mbscmp.c
SHLIB_LIB = -lsh
SHLIB_LIBNAME = libsh.a
$FUNCTION caller_builtin
$DEPENDS_ON DEBUGGER
$SHORT_DOC caller [expr]
-Returns the context of the current subroutine call.
+Returns the context of the current subroutine call.
Without EXPR, returns "$line $filename". With EXPR, returns
"$line $subroutine $filename"; this extra information can be used to
static char *caller_doc[] = {
N_("Returns the context of the current subroutine call.\n\
\n\
- Without EXPR, returns \"$line $filename\". With EXPR,\n\
- returns \"$line $subroutine $filename\"; this extra information\n\
- can be used used to provide a stack trace.\n\
+ Without EXPR, returns "$line $filename". With EXPR, returns\n\
+ "$line $subroutine $filename"; this extra information can be used to\n\
+ provide a stack trace.\n\
\n\
The value of EXPR indicates how many call frames to go back before the\n\
current one; the top frame is frame 0."),
This file is caller.def, from which is created caller.c. It implements the
builtin "caller" in Bash.
-Copyright (C) 2002-2003 Rocky Bernstein for Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright (C) 2002-2008 Rocky Bernstein for Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
$FUNCTION caller_builtin
$DEPENDS_ON DEBUGGER
$SHORT_DOC caller [expr]
-
Returns the context of the current subroutine call.
-Without EXPR, returns "$line $filename". With EXPR,
-returns "$line $subroutine $filename"; this extra information
-can be used to provide a stack trace.
+Without EXPR, returns "$line $filename". With EXPR, returns
+"$line $subroutine $filename"; this extra information can be used to
+provide a stack trace.
The value of EXPR indicates how many call frames to go back before the
current one; the top frame is frame 0.
static char *resetpwd __P((char *));
static int change_to_directory __P((char *, int));
-static char *cdspell __P((char *));
-
/* Change this to 1 to get cd spelling correction by default. */
int cdspelling = 0;
typo. This is similar to the UNIX 8th and 9th Edition shells. */
if (lflag & LCD_DOSPELL)
{
- temp = cdspell (dirname);
+ temp = dirspell (dirname);
if (temp && change_to_directory (temp, no_symlinks))
{
printf ("%s\n", temp);
free (tdir);
return r;
}
-
-/* Code for cd spelling correction. Original patch submitted by
- Neil Russel (caret@c-side.com). */
-
-static char *
-cdspell (dirname)
- char *dirname;
-{
- int n;
- char *guess;
-
- n = (strlen (dirname) * 3 + 1) / 2 + 1;
- guess = (char *)xmalloc (n);
-
- switch (spname (dirname, guess))
- {
- case -1:
- default:
- free (guess);
- return (char *)NULL;
- case 0:
- case 1:
- return guess;
- }
-}
the word is assumed to be a variable name. If that variable has a value,
its value is used for DIR.
-Options, if specified, are interpreted as follows:
-
+Options:
-L force symbolic links to be followed
-P use the physical directory structure without following symbolic
links
line was actually added (HISTIGNORE may have caused it to not be),
so we check hist_last_line_added. */
- /* "When not listing, the fc command that caused the editing shall not be
+ /* "When not listing, the fc command that caused the editing shall not be
entered into the history list." */
if (listing == 0 && hist_last_line_added)
delete_last_history ();
string.
Options:
-
-e ENAME select which editor to use. Default is FCEDIT, then EDITOR,
then vi
-l list lines instead of editing
/* mkbuiltins.c - Create builtins.c, builtext.h, and builtdoc.c from
a single source file called builtins.def. */
-/* Copyright (C) 1987-2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+/* Copyright (C) 1987-2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
"/* This file is manufactured by ./mkbuiltins, and should not be",
" edited by hand. See the source to mkbuiltins for details. */",
"",
- "/* Copyright (C) 1987-2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.",
+ "/* Copyright (C) 1987-2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.",
"",
" This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.",
"",
if (is_assignment_builtin (name))
new->flags |= BUILTIN_FLAG_ASSIGNMENT;
if (is_posix_builtin (name))
-{
-fprintf(stderr, "%s: added BUILTIN_FLAG_POSIX_BUILTIN\n", name);
new->flags |= BUILTIN_FLAG_POSIX_BUILTIN;
-}
array_add ((char *)new, defs->builtins);
building_builtin = 1;
Options:
-n Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding
- directorie to the stack, so only the stack is manipulated.
+ directories to the stack, so only the stack is manipulated.
Arguments:
+N Rotates the stack so that the Nth directory (counting
find their way onto the list with the `pushd' command; you can get\n\
back up through the list with the `popd' command.\n\
\n\
- The -c flag clears the directory stack by deleting all of the elements.\n\
- The -l flag specifies that `dirs' should not print shorthand versions\n\
- of directories which are relative to your home directory. This means\n\
- that `~/bin' might be displayed as `/homes/bfox/bin'. The -p flag\n\
- causes `dirs' to print the directory stack with one entry per line.\n\
- The -v flag does the same thing, prefixing each directory name with its\n\
- position in the stack.\n\
+ Options:\n\
+ -c clear the directory stack by deleting all of the elements\n\
+ -l do not print tilde-prefixed versions of directories relative\n\
+ to your home directory\n\
+ -p print the directory stack with one entry per line\n\
+ -v print the directory stack with one entry per line prefixed\n\
+ with its position in the stack\n\
\n\
- +N Displays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown by\n\
- dirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.\n\
+ Arguments:\n\
+ +N Displays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown by\n\
+ dirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.\n\
\n\
- -N Displays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown by\n\
- dirs when invoked without options, starting with zero."),
+ -N Displays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown by\n\
+ dirs when invoked without options, starting with zero."),
(char *)NULL
};
the stack, making the new top of the stack the current working\n\
directory. With no arguments, exchanges the top two directories.\n\
\n\
- -n Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding directories\n\
- to the stack, so only the stack is manipulated.\n\
+ Options:\n\
+ -n Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding\n\
+ directories to the stack, so only the stack is manipulated.\n\
\n\
- +N Rotates the stack so that the Nth directory (counting\n\
- from the left of the list shown by `dirs', starting with\n\
- zero) is at the top.\n\
+ Arguments:\n\
+ +N Rotates the stack so that the Nth directory (counting\n\
+ from the left of the list shown by `dirs', starting with\n\
+ zero) is at the top.\n\
\n\
- -N Rotates the stack so that the Nth directory (counting\n\
- from the right of the list shown by `dirs', starting with\n\
- zero) is at the top.\n\
+ -N Rotates the stack so that the Nth directory (counting\n\
+ from the right of the list shown by `dirs', starting with\n\
+ zero) is at the top.\n\
\n\
- dir Adds DIR to the directory stack at the top, making it the\n\
- new current working directory.\n\
+ dir Adds DIR to the directory stack at the top, making it the\n\
+ new current working directory.\n\
\n\
- You can see the directory stack with the `dirs' command."),
+ The `dirs' builtin displays the directory stack."),
(char *)NULL
};
char * const popd_doc[] = {
-N_("Removes entries from the directory stack. With no arguments,\n\
- removes the top directory from the stack, and cd's to the new\n\
- top directory.\n\
+N_("Removes entries from the directory stack. With no arguments, removes\n\
+ the top directory from the stack, and changes to the new top directory.\n\
\n\
- -n Suppresses the normal change of directory when removing directories\n\
- from the stack, so only the stack is manipulated.\n\
+ Options:\n\
+ -n Suppresses the normal change of directory when removing\n\
+ directories from the stack, so only the stack is manipulated.\n\
\n\
- +N Removes the Nth entry counting from the left of the list\n\
- shown by `dirs', starting with zero. For example: `popd +0'\n\
- removes the first directory, `popd +1' the second.\n\
+ Arguments:\n\
+ +N Removes the Nth entry counting from the left of the list\n\
+ shown by `dirs', starting with zero. For example: `popd +0'\n\
+ removes the first directory, `popd +1' the second.\n\
\n\
- -N Removes the Nth entry counting from the right of the list\n\
- shown by `dirs', starting with zero. For example: `popd -0'\n\
- removes the last directory, `popd -1' the next to last.\n\
+ -N Removes the Nth entry counting from the right of the list\n\
+ shown by `dirs', starting with zero. For example: `popd -0'\n\
+ removes the last directory, `popd -1' the next to last.\n\
\n\
- You can see the directory stack with the `dirs' command."),
+ The `dirs' builtin displays the directory stack."),
(char *)NULL
};
directory. With no arguments, exchanges the top two directories.
Options:
-
-n Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding
- directorie to the stack, so only the stack is manipulated.
+ directories to the stack, so only the stack is manipulated.
Arguments:
-
+N Rotates the stack so that the Nth directory (counting
from the left of the list shown by `dirs', starting with
zero) is at the top.
the top directory from the stack, and changes to the new top directory.
Options:
-
-n Suppresses the normal change of directory when removing
directories from the stack, so only the stack is manipulated.
Arguments:
-
+N Removes the Nth entry counting from the left of the list
shown by `dirs', starting with zero. For example: `popd +0'
removes the first directory, `popd +1' the second.
back up through the list with the `popd' command.
Options:
-
-c clear the directory stack by deleting all of the elements
-l do not print tilde-prefixed versions of directories relative
to your home directory
with its position in the stack
Arguments:
-
+N Displays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown by
dirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.
find their way onto the list with the `pushd' command; you can get\n\
back up through the list with the `popd' command.\n\
\n\
- The -c flag clears the directory stack by deleting all of the elements.\n\
- The -l flag specifies that `dirs' should not print shorthand versions\n\
- of directories which are relative to your home directory. This means\n\
- that `~/bin' might be displayed as `/homes/bfox/bin'. The -p flag\n\
- causes `dirs' to print the directory stack with one entry per line.\n\
- The -v flag does the same thing, prefixing each directory name with its\n\
- position in the stack.\n\
+ Options:\n\
+ -c clear the directory stack by deleting all of the elements\n\
+ -l do not print tilde-prefixed versions of directories relative\n\
+ to your home directory\n\
+ -p print the directory stack with one entry per line\n\
+ -v print the directory stack with one entry per line prefixed\n\
+ with its position in the stack\n\
\n\
- +N Displays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown by\n\
- dirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.\n\
+ Arguments:\n\
+ +N Displays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown by\n\
+ dirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.\n\
\n\
- -N Displays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown by\n\
- dirs when invoked without options, starting with zero."),
+ -N Displays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown by\n\
+ dirs when invoked without options, starting with zero."),
(char *)NULL
};
the stack, making the new top of the stack the current working\n\
directory. With no arguments, exchanges the top two directories.\n\
\n\
- -n Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding directories\n\
- to the stack, so only the stack is manipulated.\n\
+ Options:\n\
+ -n Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding\n\
+ directories to the stack, so only the stack is manipulated.\n\
\n\
- +N Rotates the stack so that the Nth directory (counting\n\
- from the left of the list shown by `dirs', starting with\n\
- zero) is at the top.\n\
+ Arguments:\n\
+ +N Rotates the stack so that the Nth directory (counting\n\
+ from the left of the list shown by `dirs', starting with\n\
+ zero) is at the top.\n\
\n\
- -N Rotates the stack so that the Nth directory (counting\n\
- from the right of the list shown by `dirs', starting with\n\
- zero) is at the top.\n\
+ -N Rotates the stack so that the Nth directory (counting\n\
+ from the right of the list shown by `dirs', starting with\n\
+ zero) is at the top.\n\
\n\
- dir Adds DIR to the directory stack at the top, making it the\n\
- new current working directory.\n\
+ dir Adds DIR to the directory stack at the top, making it the\n\
+ new current working directory.\n\
\n\
- You can see the directory stack with the `dirs' command."),
+ The `dirs' builtin displays the directory stack."),
(char *)NULL
};
skip_ctlesc |= *e == CTLESC, skip_ctlnul |= *e == CTLNUL;
input_string = (char *)xmalloc (size = 112); /* XXX was 128 */
+ input_string[0] = '\0';
/* $TMOUT, if set, is the default timeout for read. */
if (have_timeout == 0 && (e = get_string_value ("TMOUT")))
run_unwind_frame ("read_builtin");
return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
#else
+ input_string[i] = '\0'; /* make sure it's terminated */
retval = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
goto assign_vars;
#endif
Options:
-a array assign the words read to sequential indices of the array
- variable ARRAY, starting at zero
+ variable ARRAY, starting at zero
-d delim continue until the first character of DELIM is read, rather
- than newline
- -e use Readline to obtain the line in an interactive shell
+ than newline
+ -e use Readline to obtain the line in an interactive shell
-n nchars return after reading NCHARS characters rather than waiting
- for a newline
+ for a newline
-p prompt output the string PROMPT without a trailing newline before
- attempting to read
- -r do not allow backslashes to escape any characters
- -s do not echo input coming from a terminal
+ attempting to read
+ -r do not allow backslashes to escape any characters
+ -s do not echo input coming from a terminal
-t timeout time out and return failure if a complete line of input is
- not read withint TIMEOUT seconds. The value of the TMOUT
- variable is the default timeout.
- -u fd read from file descriptor FD instead of the standard input
+ not read withint TIMEOUT seconds. The value of the TMOUT
+ variable is the default timeout.
+ -u fd read from file descriptor FD instead of the standard input
The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, read times out,
or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as the argument to -u.
skip_ctlesc |= *e == CTLESC, skip_ctlnul |= *e == CTLNUL;
input_string = (char *)xmalloc (size = 112); /* XXX was 128 */
+ input_string[0] = '\0';
/* $TMOUT, if set, is the default timeout for read. */
if (have_timeout == 0 && (e = get_string_value ("TMOUT")))
run_unwind_frame ("read_builtin");
return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
#else
+itrace("read: timeout: i = %d", i);
+ input_string[i] = '\0'; /* make sure it's terminated */
retval = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
goto assign_vars;
#endif
-*** ../bash-3.2-patched/version.c 2005-05-16 11:58:34.000000000 -0400
---- version.c 2007-11-23 16:03:40.000000000 -0500
+*** ../bash-3.2-patched/builtins/read.def 2007-08-25 13:47:07.000000000 -0400
+--- builtins/read.def 2008-02-09 16:34:39.000000000 -0500
***************
-*** 80,83 ****
- printf ("GNU bash, version %s (%s)\n", shell_version_string (), MACHTYPE);
- if (extended)
-! printf (_("Copyright (C) 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\n"));
- }
---- 80,83 ----
- printf ("GNU bash, version %s (%s)\n", shell_version_string (), MACHTYPE);
- if (extended)
-! printf (_("Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\n"));
+*** 1,7 ****
+ This file is read.def, from which is created read.c.
+ It implements the builtin "read" in Bash.
+
+! Copyright (C) 1987-2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+ This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+
+--- 1,7 ----
+ This file is read.def, from which is created read.c.
+ It implements the builtin "read" in Bash.
+
+! Copyright (C) 1987-2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+ This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+
+***************
+*** 23,50 ****
+
+ $BUILTIN read
+ $FUNCTION read_builtin
+! $SHORT_DOC read [-ers] [-u fd] [-t timeout] [-p prompt] [-a array] [-n nchars] [-d delim] [name ...]
+! One line is read from the standard input, or from file descriptor FD if the
+! -u option is supplied, and the first word is assigned to the first NAME,
+! the second word to the second NAME, and so on, with leftover words assigned
+! to the last NAME. Only the characters found in $IFS are recognized as word
+! delimiters. If no NAMEs are supplied, the line read is stored in the REPLY
+! variable. If the -r option is given, this signifies `raw' input, and
+! backslash escaping is disabled. The -d option causes read to continue
+! until the first character of DELIM is read, rather than newline. If the -p
+! option is supplied, the string PROMPT is output without a trailing newline
+! before attempting to read. If -a is supplied, the words read are assigned
+! to sequential indices of ARRAY, starting at zero. If -e is supplied and
+! the shell is interactive, readline is used to obtain the line. If -n is
+! supplied with a non-zero NCHARS argument, read returns after NCHARS
+! characters have been read. The -s option causes input coming from a
+! terminal to not be echoed.
+!
+! The -t option causes read to time out and return failure if a complete line
+! of input is not read within TIMEOUT seconds. If the TMOUT variable is set,
+! its value is the default timeout. The return code is zero, unless end-of-file
+! is encountered, read times out, or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as
+! the argument to -u.
+ $END
+
+ #include <config.h>
+--- 23,57 ----
+
+ $BUILTIN read
+ $FUNCTION read_builtin
+! $SHORT_DOC read [-ers] [-a array] [-d delim] [-n nchars] [-p prompt] [-t timeout] [-u fd] [name ...]
+! Reads a single line from the standard input, or from file descriptor FD
+! if the -u option is supplied. The line is split into fields as with word
+! splitting, and the first word is assigned to the first NAME, the second
+! word to the second NAME, and so on, with any leftover words assigned to
+! the last NAME. Only the characters found in $IFS are recognized as word
+! delimiters.
+!
+! If no NAMEs are supplied, the line read is stored in the REPLY variable.
+!
+! Options:
+! -a array assign the words read to sequential indices of the array
+! variable ARRAY, starting at zero
+! -d delim continue until the first character of DELIM is read, rather
+! than newline
+! -e use Readline to obtain the line in an interactive shell
+! -n nchars return after reading NCHARS characters rather than waiting
+! for a newline
+! -p prompt output the string PROMPT without a trailing newline before
+! attempting to read
+! -r do not allow backslashes to escape any characters
+! -s do not echo input coming from a terminal
+! -t timeout time out and return failure if a complete line of input is
+! not read withint TIMEOUT seconds. The value of the TMOUT
+! variable is the default timeout.
+! -u fd read from file descriptor FD instead of the standard input
+!
+! The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, read times out,
+! or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as the argument to -u.
+ $END
+
+ #include <config.h>
+***************
+*** 87,92 ****
+--- 94,105 ----
+ extern int errno;
+ #endif
+
++ struct ttsave
++ {
++ int fd;
++ TTYSTRUCT *attrs;
++ };
++
+ #if defined (READLINE)
+ static void reset_attempted_completion_function __P((char *));
+ static char *edit_line __P((char *));
+***************
+*** 94,99 ****
+--- 107,116 ----
+ static void reset_eol_delim __P((char *));
+ #endif
+ static SHELL_VAR *bind_read_variable __P((char *, char *));
++ #if defined (HANDLE_MULTIBYTE)
++ static int read_mbchar __P((int, char *, int, int, int));
++ #endif
++ static void ttyrestore __P((struct ttsave *));
+
+ static sighandler sigalrm __P((int));
+ static void reset_alarm __P((void));
+***************
+*** 134,142 ****
+ intmax_t intval;
+ char c;
+ char *input_string, *orig_input_string, *ifs_chars, *prompt, *arrayname;
+! char *e, *t, *t1, *ps2;
+ struct stat tsb;
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+ #if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ WORD_LIST *alist;
+ #endif
+--- 151,161 ----
+ intmax_t intval;
+ char c;
+ char *input_string, *orig_input_string, *ifs_chars, *prompt, *arrayname;
+! char *e, *t, *t1, *ps2, *tofree;
+ struct stat tsb;
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
++ TTYSTRUCT ttattrs, ttset;
++ struct ttsave termsave;
+ #if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ WORD_LIST *alist;
+ #endif
+***************
+*** 263,268 ****
+--- 282,289 ----
+ ifs_chars = getifs ();
+ if (ifs_chars == 0) /* XXX - shouldn't happen */
+ ifs_chars = "";
++ for (skip_ctlesc = skip_ctlnul = 0, e = ifs_chars; *e; e++)
++ skip_ctlesc |= *e == CTLESC, skip_ctlnul |= *e == CTLNUL;
+
+ input_string = (char *)xmalloc (size = 112); /* XXX was 128 */
+
+***************
+*** 326,333 ****
+--- 347,359 ----
+ code = setjmp (alrmbuf);
+ if (code)
+ {
++ #if 0
+ run_unwind_frame ("read_builtin");
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
++ #else
++ retval = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
++ goto assign_vars;
++ #endif
+ }
+ old_alrm = set_signal_handler (SIGALRM, sigalrm);
+ add_unwind_protect (reset_alarm, (char *)NULL);
+***************
+*** 361,379 ****
+ #endif
+ if (input_is_tty)
+ {
+! ttsave ();
+ if (silent)
+! ttcbreak ();
+ else
+! ttonechar ();
+! add_unwind_protect ((Function *)ttrestore, (char *)NULL);
+ }
+ }
+ else if (silent) /* turn off echo but leave term in canonical mode */
+ {
+! ttsave ();
+! ttnoecho ();
+! add_unwind_protect ((Function *)ttrestore, (char *)NULL);
+ }
+
+ /* This *must* be the top unwind-protect on the stack, so the manipulation
+--- 387,416 ----
+ #endif
+ if (input_is_tty)
+ {
+! /* ttsave() */
+! termsave.fd = fd;
+! ttgetattr (fd, &ttattrs);
+! termsave.attrs = &ttattrs;
+!
+! ttset = ttattrs;
+ if (silent)
+! ttfd_cbreak (fd, &ttset); /* ttcbreak () */
+ else
+! ttfd_onechar (fd, &ttset); /* ttonechar () */
+! add_unwind_protect ((Function *)ttyrestore, (char *)&termsave);
+ }
+ }
+ else if (silent) /* turn off echo but leave term in canonical mode */
+ {
+! /* ttsave (); */
+! termsave.fd = fd;
+! ttgetattr (fd, &ttattrs);
+! termsave.attrs = &ttattrs;
+!
+! ttset = ttattrs;
+! ttfd_noecho (fd, &ttset); /* ttnoecho (); */
+!
+! add_unwind_protect ((Function *)ttyrestore, (char *)&termsave);
+ }
+
+ /* This *must* be the top unwind-protect on the stack, so the manipulation
+***************
+*** 439,445 ****
+ }
+ #endif
+
+! if (i + 2 >= size)
+ {
+ input_string = (char *)xrealloc (input_string, size += 128);
+ remove_unwind_protect ();
+--- 476,482 ----
+ }
+ #endif
+
+! if (i + 4 >= size) /* XXX was i + 2; use i + 4 for multibyte/read_mbchar */
+ {
+ input_string = (char *)xrealloc (input_string, size += 128);
+ remove_unwind_protect ();
+***************
+*** 462,479 ****
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ if (c == '\\' && raw == 0)
+ {
+ pass_next++;
+! saw_escape++;
+! input_string[i++] = CTLESC;
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ if ((unsigned char)c == delim)
+ break;
+
+! if (c == CTLESC || c == CTLNUL)
+ {
+ saw_escape++;
+ input_string[i++] = CTLESC;
+--- 499,520 ----
+ continue;
+ }
+
++ /* This may cause problems if IFS contains CTLESC */
+ if (c == '\\' && raw == 0)
+ {
+ pass_next++;
+! if (skip_ctlesc == 0)
+! {
+! saw_escape++;
+! input_string[i++] = CTLESC;
+! }
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ if ((unsigned char)c == delim)
+ break;
+
+! if ((skip_ctlesc == 0 && c == CTLESC) || (skip_ctlnul == 0 && c == CTLNUL))
+ {
+ saw_escape++;
+ input_string[i++] = CTLESC;
+***************
+*** 481,486 ****
+--- 522,536 ----
+
+ add_char:
+ input_string[i++] = c;
++
++ #if defined (HANDLE_MULTIBYTE)
++ if (nchars > 0 && MB_CUR_MAX > 1)
++ {
++ input_string[i] = '\0'; /* for simplicity and debugging */
++ i += read_mbchar (fd, input_string, i, c, unbuffered_read);
++ }
++ #endif
++
+ nr++;
+
+ if (nchars > 0 && nr >= nchars)
+***************
+*** 513,522 ****
+ else
+ #endif
+ if (input_is_tty)
+! ttrestore ();
+ }
+ else if (silent)
+! ttrestore ();
+
+ if (unbuffered_read == 0)
+ zsyncfd (fd);
+--- 563,572 ----
+ else
+ #endif
+ if (input_is_tty)
+! ttyrestore (&termsave);
+ }
+ else if (silent)
+! ttyrestore (&termsave);
+
+ if (unbuffered_read == 0)
+ zsyncfd (fd);
+***************
+*** 527,532 ****
+--- 577,584 ----
+
+ retval = eof ? EXECUTION_FAILURE : EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
+
++ assign_vars:
++
+ #if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ /* If -a was given, take the string read, break it into a list of words,
+ an assign them to `arrayname' in turn. */
+***************
+*** 603,609 ****
+ for (t = input_string; ifs_chars && *ifs_chars && spctabnl(*t) && isifs(*t); t++)
+ ;
+ input_string = t;
+-
+ for (; list->next; list = list->next)
+ {
+ varname = list->word->word;
+--- 655,660 ----
+***************
+*** 674,685 ****
+ #else
+ /* Check whether or not the number of fields is exactly the same as the
+ number of variables. */
+ if (*input_string)
+ {
+ t1 = input_string;
+ t = get_word_from_string (&input_string, ifs_chars, &e);
+ if (*input_string == 0)
+! input_string = t;
+ else
+ input_string = strip_trailing_ifs_whitespace (t1, ifs_chars, saw_escape);
+ }
+--- 725,737 ----
+ #else
+ /* Check whether or not the number of fields is exactly the same as the
+ number of variables. */
++ tofree = NULL;
+ if (*input_string)
+ {
+ t1 = input_string;
+ t = get_word_from_string (&input_string, ifs_chars, &e);
+ if (*input_string == 0)
+! tofree = input_string = t;
+ else
+ input_string = strip_trailing_ifs_whitespace (t1, ifs_chars, saw_escape);
+ }
+***************
+*** 694,699 ****
+--- 746,753 ----
+ else
+ var = bind_read_variable (list->word->word, input_string);
+ stupidly_hack_special_variables (list->word->word);
++ FREE (tofree);
++
+ if (var)
+ VUNSETATTR (var, att_invisible);
+ xfree (orig_input_string);
+***************
+*** 715,720 ****
+--- 769,830 ----
+ #endif /* !ARRAY_VARS */
}
+
++ #if defined (HANDLE_MULTIBYTE)
++ static int
++ read_mbchar (fd, string, ind, ch, unbuffered)
++ int fd;
++ char *string;
++ int ind, ch, unbuffered;
++ {
++ char mbchar[MB_LEN_MAX + 1];
++ int i, n, r;
++ char c;
++ size_t ret;
++ mbstate_t ps, ps_back;
++ wchar_t wc;
++
++ memset (&ps, '\0', sizeof (mbstate_t));
++ memset (&ps_back, '\0', sizeof (mbstate_t));
++
++ mbchar[0] = ch;
++ i = 1;
++ for (n = 0; n <= MB_LEN_MAX; n++)
++ {
++ ps_back = ps;
++ ret = mbrtowc (&wc, mbchar, i, &ps);
++ if (ret == (size_t)-2)
++ {
++ ps = ps_back;
++ if (unbuffered)
++ r = zread (fd, &c, 1);
++ else
++ r = zreadc (fd, &c);
++ if (r < 0)
++ goto mbchar_return;
++ mbchar[i++] = c;
++ continue;
++ }
++ else if (ret == (size_t)-1 || ret == (size_t)0 || ret > (size_t)0)
++ break;
++ }
++
++ mbchar_return:
++ if (i > 1) /* read a multibyte char */
++ /* mbchar[0] is already string[ind-1] */
++ for (r = 1; r < i; r++)
++ string[ind+r-1] = mbchar[r];
++ return i - 1;
++ }
++ #endif
++
++
++ static void
++ ttyrestore (ttp)
++ struct ttsave *ttp;
++ {
++ ttsetattr (ttp->fd, ttp->attrs);
++ }
++
+ #if defined (READLINE)
+ static rl_completion_func_t *old_attempted_completion_function = 0;
+
b\bba\bas\bsh\bh [options] [file]
C\bCO\bOP\bPY\bYR\bRI\bIG\bGH\bHT\bT
- Bash is Copyright (C) 1989-2007 by the Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+ Bash is Copyright (C) 1989-2008 by the Free Software Foundation, Inc.
D\bDE\bES\bSC\bCR\bRI\bIP\bPT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN
B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh is an s\bsh\bh-compatible command language interpreter that executes
When there are no positional parameters, "$\b$@\b@" and $\b$@\b@ expand to
nothing (i.e., they are removed).
#\b# Expands to the number of positional parameters in decimal.
- ?\b? Expands to the status of the most recently executed foreground
- pipeline.
+ ?\b? Expands to the exit status of the most recently executed fore-
+ ground pipeline.
-\b- Expands to the current option flags as specified upon invoca-
tion, by the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command, or those set by the shell
itself (such as the -\b-i\bi option).
ronment.
E\bEX\bXI\bIT\bT S\bST\bTA\bAT\bTU\bUS\bS
+ The exit status of an executed command is the value returned by the
+ _\bw_\ba_\bi_\bt_\bp_\bi_\bd system call or equivalent function. Exit statuses fall between
+ 0 and 255, though, as explained below, the shell may use values above
+ 125 specially. Exit statuses from shell builtins and compound commands
+ are also limited to this range. Under certain circumstances, the shell
+ will use special values to indicate specific failure modes.
+
For the shell's purposes, a command which exits with a zero exit status
- has succeeded. An exit status of zero indicates success. A non-zero
- exit status indicates failure. When a command terminates on a fatal
+ has succeeded. An exit status of zero indicates success. A non-zero
+ exit status indicates failure. When a command terminates on a fatal
signal _\bN, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh uses the value of 128+_\bN as the exit status.
- If a command is not found, the child process created to execute it
- returns a status of 127. If a command is found but is not executable,
+ If a command is not found, the child process created to execute it
+ returns a status of 127. If a command is found but is not executable,
the return status is 126.
If a command fails because of an error during expansion or redirection,
the exit status is greater than zero.
- Shell builtin commands return a status of 0 (_\bt_\br_\bu_\be) if successful, and
- non-zero (_\bf_\ba_\bl_\bs_\be) if an error occurs while they execute. All builtins
+ Shell builtin commands return a status of 0 (_\bt_\br_\bu_\be) if successful, and
+ non-zero (_\bf_\ba_\bl_\bs_\be) if an error occurs while they execute. All builtins
return an exit status of 2 to indicate incorrect usage.
- B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh itself returns the exit status of the last command executed,
- unless a syntax error occurs, in which case it exits with a non-zero
+ B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh itself returns the exit status of the last command executed,
+ unless a syntax error occurs, in which case it exits with a non-zero
value. See also the e\bex\bxi\bit\bt builtin command below.
S\bSI\bIG\bGN\bNA\bAL\bLS\bS
- When b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is interactive, in the absence of any traps, it ignores
+ When b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is interactive, in the absence of any traps, it ignores
S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTE\bER\bRM\bM (so that k\bki\bil\bll\bl 0\b0 does not kill an interactive shell), and S\bSI\bIG\bGI\bIN\bNT\bT
- is caught and handled (so that the w\bwa\bai\bit\bt builtin is interruptible). In
- all cases, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh ignores S\bSI\bIG\bGQ\bQU\bUI\bIT\bT. If job control is in effect, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh
+ is caught and handled (so that the w\bwa\bai\bit\bt builtin is interruptible). In
+ all cases, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh ignores S\bSI\bIG\bGQ\bQU\bUI\bIT\bT. If job control is in effect, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh
ignores S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTT\bTI\bIN\bN, S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTT\bTO\bOU\bU, and S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTS\bST\bTP\bP.
Non-builtin commands run by b\bba\bas\bsh\bh have signal handlers set to the values
- inherited by the shell from its parent. When job control is not in
- effect, asynchronous commands ignore S\bSI\bIG\bGI\bIN\bNT\bT and S\bSI\bIG\bGQ\bQU\bUI\bIT\bT in addition to
- these inherited handlers. Commands run as a result of command substi-
+ inherited by the shell from its parent. When job control is not in
+ effect, asynchronous commands ignore S\bSI\bIG\bGI\bIN\bNT\bT and S\bSI\bIG\bGQ\bQU\bUI\bIT\bT in addition to
+ these inherited handlers. Commands run as a result of command substi-
tution ignore the keyboard-generated job control signals S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTT\bTI\bIN\bN, S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bT-\b-
T\bTO\bOU\bU, and S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTS\bST\bTP\bP.
- The shell exits by default upon receipt of a S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP. Before exiting,
- an interactive shell resends the S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP to all jobs, running or
+ The shell exits by default upon receipt of a S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP. Before exiting,
+ an interactive shell resends the S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP to all jobs, running or
stopped. Stopped jobs are sent S\bSI\bIG\bGC\bCO\bON\bNT\bT to ensure that they receive the
- S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP. To prevent the shell from sending the signal to a particular
- job, it should be removed from the jobs table with the d\bdi\bis\bso\bow\bwn\bn builtin
- (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below) or marked to not receive S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP
+ S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP. To prevent the shell from sending the signal to a particular
+ job, it should be removed from the jobs table with the d\bdi\bis\bso\bow\bwn\bn builtin
+ (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below) or marked to not receive S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP
using d\bdi\bis\bso\bow\bwn\bn -\b-h\bh.
- If the h\bhu\bup\bpo\bon\bne\bex\bxi\bit\bt shell option has been set with s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh sends a
+ If the h\bhu\bup\bpo\bon\bne\bex\bxi\bit\bt shell option has been set with s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh sends a
S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP to all jobs when an interactive login shell exits.
- If b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is waiting for a command to complete and receives a signal for
+ If b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is waiting for a command to complete and receives a signal for
which a trap has been set, the trap will not be executed until the com-
- mand completes. When b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is waiting for an asynchronous command via
- the w\bwa\bai\bit\bt builtin, the reception of a signal for which a trap has been
+ mand completes. When b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is waiting for an asynchronous command via
+ the w\bwa\bai\bit\bt builtin, the reception of a signal for which a trap has been
set will cause the w\bwa\bai\bit\bt builtin to return immediately with an exit sta-
tus greater than 128, immediately after which the trap is executed.
J\bJO\bOB\bB C\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL
- _\bJ_\bo_\bb _\bc_\bo_\bn_\bt_\br_\bo_\bl refers to the ability to selectively stop (_\bs_\bu_\bs_\bp_\be_\bn_\bd) the
+ _\bJ_\bo_\bb _\bc_\bo_\bn_\bt_\br_\bo_\bl refers to the ability to selectively stop (_\bs_\bu_\bs_\bp_\be_\bn_\bd) the
execution of processes and continue (_\br_\be_\bs_\bu_\bm_\be) their execution at a later
- point. A user typically employs this facility via an interactive
+ point. A user typically employs this facility via an interactive
interface supplied jointly by the system's terminal driver and b\bba\bas\bsh\bh.
- The shell associates a _\bj_\bo_\bb with each pipeline. It keeps a table of
- currently executing jobs, which may be listed with the j\bjo\bob\bbs\bs command.
- When b\bba\bas\bsh\bh starts a job asynchronously (in the _\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk_\bg_\br_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd), it prints a
+ The shell associates a _\bj_\bo_\bb with each pipeline. It keeps a table of
+ currently executing jobs, which may be listed with the j\bjo\bob\bbs\bs command.
+ When b\bba\bas\bsh\bh starts a job asynchronously (in the _\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk_\bg_\br_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd), it prints a
line that looks like:
[1] 25647
indicating that this job is job number 1 and that the process ID of the
last process in the pipeline associated with this job is 25647. All of
- the processes in a single pipeline are members of the same job. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh
+ the processes in a single pipeline are members of the same job. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh
uses the _\bj_\bo_\bb abstraction as the basis for job control.
- To facilitate the implementation of the user interface to job control,
+ To facilitate the implementation of the user interface to job control,
the operating system maintains the notion of a _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bt_\be_\br_\bm_\bi_\bn_\ba_\bl _\bp_\br_\bo_\bc_\be_\bs_\bs
_\bg_\br_\bo_\bu_\bp _\bI_\bD. Members of this process group (processes whose process group
ID is equal to the current terminal process group ID) receive keyboard-
- generated signals such as S\bSI\bIG\bGI\bIN\bNT\bT. These processes are said to be in
- the _\bf_\bo_\br_\be_\bg_\br_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd. _\bB_\ba_\bc_\bk_\bg_\br_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd processes are those whose process group ID
+ generated signals such as S\bSI\bIG\bGI\bIN\bNT\bT. These processes are said to be in
+ the _\bf_\bo_\br_\be_\bg_\br_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd. _\bB_\ba_\bc_\bk_\bg_\br_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd processes are those whose process group ID
differs from the terminal's; such processes are immune to keyboard-gen-
- erated signals. Only foreground processes are allowed to read from or
+ erated signals. Only foreground processes are allowed to read from or
write to the terminal. Background processes which attempt to read from
(write to) the terminal are sent a S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTT\bTI\bIN\bN (\b(S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTT\bTO\bOU\bU)\b) signal by the ter-
minal driver, which, unless caught, suspends the process.
- If the operating system on which b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is running supports job control,
+ If the operating system on which b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is running supports job control,
b\bba\bas\bsh\bh contains facilities to use it. Typing the _\bs_\bu_\bs_\bp_\be_\bn_\bd character (typ-
ically ^\b^Z\bZ, Control-Z) while a process is running causes that process to
- be stopped and returns control to b\bba\bas\bsh\bh. Typing the _\bd_\be_\bl_\ba_\by_\be_\bd _\bs_\bu_\bs_\bp_\be_\bn_\bd
- character (typically ^\b^Y\bY, Control-Y) causes the process to be stopped
- when it attempts to read input from the terminal, and control to be
- returned to b\bba\bas\bsh\bh. The user may then manipulate the state of this job,
- using the b\bbg\bg command to continue it in the background, the f\bfg\bg command
+ be stopped and returns control to b\bba\bas\bsh\bh. Typing the _\bd_\be_\bl_\ba_\by_\be_\bd _\bs_\bu_\bs_\bp_\be_\bn_\bd
+ character (typically ^\b^Y\bY, Control-Y) causes the process to be stopped
+ when it attempts to read input from the terminal, and control to be
+ returned to b\bba\bas\bsh\bh. The user may then manipulate the state of this job,
+ using the b\bbg\bg command to continue it in the background, the f\bfg\bg command
to continue it in the foreground, or the k\bki\bil\bll\bl command to kill it. A ^\b^Z\bZ
takes effect immediately, and has the additional side effect of causing
pending output and typeahead to be discarded.
There are a number of ways to refer to a job in the shell. The charac-
ter %\b% introduces a job name. Job number _\bn may be referred to as %\b%n\bn. A
- job may also be referred to using a prefix of the name used to start
- it, or using a substring that appears in its command line. For exam-
+ job may also be referred to using a prefix of the name used to start
+ it, or using a substring that appears in its command line. For exam-
ple, %\b%c\bce\be refers to a stopped c\bce\be job. If a prefix matches more than one
- job, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh reports an error. Using %\b%?\b?c\bce\be, on the other hand, refers to
+ job, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh reports an error. Using %\b%?\b?c\bce\be, on the other hand, refers to
any job containing the string c\bce\be in its command line. If the substring
- matches more than one job, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh reports an error. The symbols %\b%%\b% and
- %\b%+\b+ refer to the shell's notion of the _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb, which is the last
- job stopped while it was in the foreground or started in the back-
- ground. The _\bp_\br_\be_\bv_\bi_\bo_\bu_\bs _\bj_\bo_\bb may be referenced using %\b%-\b-. In output per-
+ matches more than one job, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh reports an error. The symbols %\b%%\b% and
+ %\b%+\b+ refer to the shell's notion of the _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb, which is the last
+ job stopped while it was in the foreground or started in the back-
+ ground. The _\bp_\br_\be_\bv_\bi_\bo_\bu_\bs _\bj_\bo_\bb may be referenced using %\b%-\b-. In output per-
taining to jobs (e.g., the output of the j\bjo\bob\bbs\bs command), the current job
- is always flagged with a +\b+, and the previous job with a -\b-. A single %
- (with no accompanying job specification) also refers to the current
+ is always flagged with a +\b+, and the previous job with a -\b-. A single %
+ (with no accompanying job specification) also refers to the current
job.
- Simply naming a job can be used to bring it into the foreground: %\b%1\b1 is
- a synonym for `\b``\b`f\bfg\bg %\b%1\b1'\b''\b', bringing job 1 from the background into the
- foreground. Similarly, `\b``\b`%\b%1\b1 &\b&'\b''\b' resumes job 1 in the background,
+ Simply naming a job can be used to bring it into the foreground: %\b%1\b1 is
+ a synonym for `\b``\b`f\bfg\bg %\b%1\b1'\b''\b', bringing job 1 from the background into the
+ foreground. Similarly, `\b``\b`%\b%1\b1 &\b&'\b''\b' resumes job 1 in the background,
equivalent to `\b``\b`b\bbg\bg %\b%1\b1'\b''\b'.
- The shell learns immediately whenever a job changes state. Normally,
+ The shell learns immediately whenever a job changes state. Normally,
b\bba\bas\bsh\bh waits until it is about to print a prompt before reporting changes
- in a job's status so as to not interrupt any other output. If the -\b-b\bb
+ in a job's status so as to not interrupt any other output. If the -\b-b\bb
option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command is enabled, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh reports such changes
- immediately. Any trap on S\bSI\bIG\bGC\bCH\bHL\bLD\bD is executed for each child that
+ immediately. Any trap on S\bSI\bIG\bGC\bCH\bHL\bLD\bD is executed for each child that
exits.
- If an attempt to exit b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is made while jobs are stopped (or, if the
- c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bkj\bjo\bob\bbs\bs shell option has been enabled using the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin, run-
+ If an attempt to exit b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is made while jobs are stopped (or, if the
+ c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bkj\bjo\bob\bbs\bs shell option has been enabled using the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin, run-
ning), the shell prints a warning message, and, if the c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bkj\bjo\bob\bbs\bs option
- is enabled, lists the jobs and their statuses. The j\bjo\bob\bbs\bs command may
- then be used to inspect their status. If a second attempt to exit is
- made without an intervening command, the shell does not print another
+ is enabled, lists the jobs and their statuses. The j\bjo\bob\bbs\bs command may
+ then be used to inspect their status. If a second attempt to exit is
+ made without an intervening command, the shell does not print another
warning, and any stopped jobs are terminated.
P\bPR\bRO\bOM\bMP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bNG\bG
When executing interactively, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh displays the primary prompt P\bPS\bS1\b1 when
- it is ready to read a command, and the secondary prompt P\bPS\bS2\b2 when it
- needs more input to complete a command. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh allows these prompt
- strings to be customized by inserting a number of backslash-escaped
+ it is ready to read a command, and the secondary prompt P\bPS\bS2\b2 when it
+ needs more input to complete a command. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh allows these prompt
+ strings to be customized by inserting a number of backslash-escaped
special characters that are decoded as follows:
\\b\a\ba an ASCII bell character (07)
- \\b\d\bd the date in "Weekday Month Date" format (e.g., "Tue May
+ \\b\d\bd the date in "Weekday Month Date" format (e.g., "Tue May
26")
\\b\D\bD{\b{_\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt}\b}
- the _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt is passed to _\bs_\bt_\br_\bf_\bt_\bi_\bm_\be(3) and the result is
- inserted into the prompt string; an empty _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt results
+ the _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt is passed to _\bs_\bt_\br_\bf_\bt_\bi_\bm_\be(3) and the result is
+ inserted into the prompt string; an empty _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt results
in a locale-specific time representation. The braces are
required
\\b\e\be an ASCII escape character (033)
\\b\l\bl the basename of the shell's terminal device name
\\b\n\bn newline
\\b\r\br carriage return
- \\b\s\bs the name of the shell, the basename of $\b$0\b0 (the portion
+ \\b\s\bs the name of the shell, the basename of $\b$0\b0 (the portion
following the final slash)
\\b\t\bt the current time in 24-hour HH:MM:SS format
\\b\T\bT the current time in 12-hour HH:MM:SS format
\\b\u\bu the username of the current user
\\b\v\bv the version of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh (e.g., 2.00)
\\b\V\bV the release of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh, version + patch level (e.g., 2.00.0)
- \\b\w\bw the current working directory, with $\b$H\bHO\bOM\bME\bE abbreviated
+ \\b\w\bw the current working directory, with $\b$H\bHO\bOM\bME\bE abbreviated
with a tilde
\\b\W\bW the basename of the current working directory, with $\b$H\bHO\bOM\bME\bE
abbreviated with a tilde
\\b\$\b$ if the effective UID is 0, a #\b#, otherwise a $\b$
\\b\_\bn_\bn_\bn the character corresponding to the octal number _\bn_\bn_\bn
\\b\\\b\ a backslash
- \\b\[\b[ begin a sequence of non-printing characters, which could
- be used to embed a terminal control sequence into the
+ \\b\[\b[ begin a sequence of non-printing characters, which could
+ be used to embed a terminal control sequence into the
prompt
\\b\]\b] end a sequence of non-printing characters
- The command number and the history number are usually different: the
- history number of a command is its position in the history list, which
- may include commands restored from the history file (see H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY
- below), while the command number is the position in the sequence of
- commands executed during the current shell session. After the string
- is decoded, it is expanded via parameter expansion, command substitu-
- tion, arithmetic expansion, and quote removal, subject to the value of
- the p\bpr\bro\bom\bmp\bpt\btv\bva\bar\brs\bs shell option (see the description of the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt command
+ The command number and the history number are usually different: the
+ history number of a command is its position in the history list, which
+ may include commands restored from the history file (see H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY
+ below), while the command number is the position in the sequence of
+ commands executed during the current shell session. After the string
+ is decoded, it is expanded via parameter expansion, command substitu-
+ tion, arithmetic expansion, and quote removal, subject to the value of
+ the p\bpr\bro\bom\bmp\bpt\btv\bva\bar\brs\bs shell option (see the description of the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt command
under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below).
R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE
- This is the library that handles reading input when using an interac-
+ This is the library that handles reading input when using an interac-
tive shell, unless the -\b--\b-n\bno\boe\bed\bdi\bit\bti\bin\bng\bg option is given at shell invocation.
By default, the line editing commands are similar to those of emacs. A
- vi-style line editing interface is also available. To turn off line
- editing after the shell is running, use the +\b+o\bo e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs or +\b+o\bo v\bvi\bi options
+ vi-style line editing interface is also available. To turn off line
+ editing after the shell is running, use the +\b+o\bo e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs or +\b+o\bo v\bvi\bi options
to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below).
R\bRe\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be N\bNo\bot\bta\bat\bti\bio\bon\bn
In this section, the emacs-style notation is used to denote keystrokes.
- Control keys are denoted by C-_\bk_\be_\by, e.g., C-n means Control-N. Simi-
- larly, _\bm_\be_\bt_\ba keys are denoted by M-_\bk_\be_\by, so M-x means Meta-X. (On key-
- boards without a _\bm_\be_\bt_\ba key, M-_\bx means ESC _\bx, i.e., press the Escape key
+ Control keys are denoted by C-_\bk_\be_\by, e.g., C-n means Control-N. Simi-
+ larly, _\bm_\be_\bt_\ba keys are denoted by M-_\bk_\be_\by, so M-x means Meta-X. (On key-
+ boards without a _\bm_\be_\bt_\ba key, M-_\bx means ESC _\bx, i.e., press the Escape key
then the _\bx key. This makes ESC the _\bm_\be_\bt_\ba _\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx. The combination M-C-_\bx
- means ESC-Control-_\bx, or press the Escape key then hold the Control key
+ means ESC-Control-_\bx, or press the Escape key then hold the Control key
while pressing the _\bx key.)
Readline commands may be given numeric _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs, which normally act as
- a repeat count. Sometimes, however, it is the sign of the argument
- that is significant. Passing a negative argument to a command that
- acts in the forward direction (e.g., k\bki\bil\bll\bl-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be) causes that command to
- act in a backward direction. Commands whose behavior with arguments
+ a repeat count. Sometimes, however, it is the sign of the argument
+ that is significant. Passing a negative argument to a command that
+ acts in the forward direction (e.g., k\bki\bil\bll\bl-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be) causes that command to
+ act in a backward direction. Commands whose behavior with arguments
deviates from this are noted below.
- When a command is described as _\bk_\bi_\bl_\bl_\bi_\bn_\bg text, the text deleted is saved
+ When a command is described as _\bk_\bi_\bl_\bl_\bi_\bn_\bg text, the text deleted is saved
for possible future retrieval (_\by_\ba_\bn_\bk_\bi_\bn_\bg). The killed text is saved in a
_\bk_\bi_\bl_\bl _\br_\bi_\bn_\bg. Consecutive kills cause the text to be accumulated into one
unit, which can be yanked all at once. Commands which do not kill text
separate the chunks of text on the kill ring.
R\bRe\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be I\bIn\bni\bit\bti\bia\bal\bli\biz\bza\bat\bti\bio\bon\bn
- Readline is customized by putting commands in an initialization file
- (the _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file). The name of this file is taken from the value of
- the I\bIN\bNP\bPU\bUT\bTR\bRC\bC variable. If that variable is unset, the default is
- _\b~_\b/_\b._\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc. When a program which uses the readline library starts up,
+ Readline is customized by putting commands in an initialization file
+ (the _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file). The name of this file is taken from the value of
+ the I\bIN\bNP\bPU\bUT\bTR\bRC\bC variable. If that variable is unset, the default is
+ _\b~_\b/_\b._\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc. When a program which uses the readline library starts up,
the initialization file is read, and the key bindings and variables are
- set. There are only a few basic constructs allowed in the readline
- initialization file. Blank lines are ignored. Lines beginning with a
- #\b# are comments. Lines beginning with a $\b$ indicate conditional con-
+ set. There are only a few basic constructs allowed in the readline
+ initialization file. Blank lines are ignored. Lines beginning with a
+ #\b# are comments. Lines beginning with a $\b$ indicate conditional con-
structs. Other lines denote key bindings and variable settings.
- The default key-bindings may be changed with an _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file. Other
+ The default key-bindings may be changed with an _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file. Other
programs that use this library may add their own commands and bindings.
For example, placing
M-Control-u: universal-argument
or
C-Meta-u: universal-argument
- into the _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc would make M-C-u execute the readline command _\bu_\bn_\bi_\bv_\be_\br_\b-
+ into the _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc would make M-C-u execute the readline command _\bu_\bn_\bi_\bv_\be_\br_\b-
_\bs_\ba_\bl_\b-_\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt.
- The following symbolic character names are recognized: _\bR_\bU_\bB_\bO_\bU_\bT, _\bD_\bE_\bL,
+ The following symbolic character names are recognized: _\bR_\bU_\bB_\bO_\bU_\bT, _\bD_\bE_\bL,
_\bE_\bS_\bC, _\bL_\bF_\bD, _\bN_\bE_\bW_\bL_\bI_\bN_\bE, _\bR_\bE_\bT, _\bR_\bE_\bT_\bU_\bR_\bN, _\bS_\bP_\bC, _\bS_\bP_\bA_\bC_\bE, and _\bT_\bA_\bB.
- In addition to command names, readline allows keys to be bound to a
+ In addition to command names, readline allows keys to be bound to a
string that is inserted when the key is pressed (a _\bm_\ba_\bc_\br_\bo).
R\bRe\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be K\bKe\bey\by B\bBi\bin\bnd\bdi\bin\bng\bgs\bs
- The syntax for controlling key bindings in the _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file is simple.
- All that is required is the name of the command or the text of a macro
- and a key sequence to which it should be bound. The name may be speci-
+ The syntax for controlling key bindings in the _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file is simple.
+ All that is required is the name of the command or the text of a macro
+ and a key sequence to which it should be bound. The name may be speci-
fied in one of two ways: as a symbolic key name, possibly with _\bM_\be_\bt_\ba_\b- or
_\bC_\bo_\bn_\bt_\br_\bo_\bl_\b- prefixes, or as a key sequence.
Meta-Rubout: backward-kill-word
Control-o: "> output"
- In the above example, _\bC_\b-_\bu is bound to the function u\bun\bni\biv\bve\ber\brs\bsa\bal\bl-\b-a\bar\brg\bgu\bum\bme\ben\bnt\bt,
- _\bM_\b-_\bD_\bE_\bL is bound to the function b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-k\bki\bil\bll\bl-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd, and _\bC_\b-_\bo is bound to
- run the macro expressed on the right hand side (that is, to insert the
+ In the above example, _\bC_\b-_\bu is bound to the function u\bun\bni\biv\bve\ber\brs\bsa\bal\bl-\b-a\bar\brg\bgu\bum\bme\ben\bnt\bt,
+ _\bM_\b-_\bD_\bE_\bL is bound to the function b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-k\bki\bil\bll\bl-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd, and _\bC_\b-_\bo is bound to
+ run the macro expressed on the right hand side (that is, to insert the
text ``> output'' into the line).
- In the second form, "\b"k\bke\bey\bys\bse\beq\bq"\b":_\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be or _\bm_\ba_\bc_\br_\bo, k\bke\bey\bys\bse\beq\bq differs
- from k\bke\bey\byn\bna\bam\bme\be above in that strings denoting an entire key sequence may
- be specified by placing the sequence within double quotes. Some GNU
- Emacs style key escapes can be used, as in the following example, but
+ In the second form, "\b"k\bke\bey\bys\bse\beq\bq"\b":_\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be or _\bm_\ba_\bc_\br_\bo, k\bke\bey\bys\bse\beq\bq differs
+ from k\bke\bey\byn\bna\bam\bme\be above in that strings denoting an entire key sequence may
+ be specified by placing the sequence within double quotes. Some GNU
+ Emacs style key escapes can be used, as in the following example, but
the symbolic character names are not recognized.
"\C-u": universal-argument
"\e[11~": "Function Key 1"
In this example, _\bC_\b-_\bu is again bound to the function u\bun\bni\biv\bve\ber\brs\bsa\bal\bl-\b-a\bar\brg\bgu\bum\bme\ben\bnt\bt.
- _\bC_\b-_\bx _\bC_\b-_\br is bound to the function r\bre\be-\b-r\bre\bea\bad\bd-\b-i\bin\bni\bit\bt-\b-f\bfi\bil\ble\be, and _\bE_\bS_\bC _\b[ _\b1 _\b1 _\b~ is
+ _\bC_\b-_\bx _\bC_\b-_\br is bound to the function r\bre\be-\b-r\bre\bea\bad\bd-\b-i\bin\bni\bit\bt-\b-f\bfi\bil\ble\be, and _\bE_\bS_\bC _\b[ _\b1 _\b1 _\b~ is
bound to insert the text ``Function Key 1''.
The full set of GNU Emacs style escape sequences is
\\b\"\b" literal "
\\b\'\b' literal '
- In addition to the GNU Emacs style escape sequences, a second set of
+ In addition to the GNU Emacs style escape sequences, a second set of
backslash escapes is available:
\\b\a\ba alert (bell)
\\b\b\bb backspace
\\b\r\br carriage return
\\b\t\bt horizontal tab
\\b\v\bv vertical tab
- \\b\_\bn_\bn_\bn the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value
+ \\b\_\bn_\bn_\bn the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value
_\bn_\bn_\bn (one to three digits)
- \\b\x\bx_\bH_\bH the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal
+ \\b\x\bx_\bH_\bH the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal
value _\bH_\bH (one or two hex digits)
When entering the text of a macro, single or double quotes must be used
to indicate a macro definition. Unquoted text is assumed to be a func-
- tion name. In the macro body, the backslash escapes described above
- are expanded. Backslash will quote any other character in the macro
+ tion name. In the macro body, the backslash escapes described above
+ are expanded. Backslash will quote any other character in the macro
text, including " and '.
- B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh allows the current readline key bindings to be displayed or modi-
- fied with the b\bbi\bin\bnd\bd builtin command. The editing mode may be switched
- during interactive use by using the -\b-o\bo option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin com-
+ B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh allows the current readline key bindings to be displayed or modi-
+ fied with the b\bbi\bin\bnd\bd builtin command. The editing mode may be switched
+ during interactive use by using the -\b-o\bo option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin com-
mand (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below).
R\bRe\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be V\bVa\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\bes\bs
s\bse\bet\bt _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be
- Except where noted, readline variables can take the values O\bOn\bn or O\bOf\bff\bf
- (without regard to case). Unrecognized variable names are ignored.
- When a variable value is read, empty or null values, "on" (case-insen-
+ Except where noted, readline variables can take the values O\bOn\bn or O\bOf\bff\bf
+ (without regard to case). Unrecognized variable names are ignored.
+ When a variable value is read, empty or null values, "on" (case-insen-
sitive), and "1" are equivalent to O\bOn\bn. All other values are equivalent
to O\bOf\bff\bf. The variables and their default values are:
b\bbe\bel\bll\bl-\b-s\bst\bty\byl\ble\be (\b(a\bau\bud\bdi\bib\bbl\ble\be)\b)
- Controls what happens when readline wants to ring the terminal
+ Controls what happens when readline wants to ring the terminal
bell. If set to n\bno\bon\bne\be, readline never rings the bell. If set to
- v\bvi\bis\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be, readline uses a visible bell if one is available. If
+ v\bvi\bis\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be, readline uses a visible bell if one is available. If
set to a\bau\bud\bdi\bib\bbl\ble\be, readline attempts to ring the terminal's bell.
b\bbi\bin\bnd\bd-\b-t\btt\bty\by-\b-s\bsp\bpe\bec\bci\bia\bal\bl-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\brs\bs (\b(O\bOn\bn)\b)
- If set to O\bOn\bn, readline attempts to bind the control characters
+ If set to O\bOn\bn, readline attempts to bind the control characters
treated specially by the kernel's terminal driver to their read-
line equivalents.
c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bt-\b-b\bbe\beg\bgi\bin\bn (\b(`\b``\b`#\b#'\b''\b')\b)
- The string that is inserted when the readline i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt-\b-c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bt
+ The string that is inserted when the readline i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt-\b-c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bt
command is executed. This command is bound to M\bM-\b-#\b# in emacs mode
and to #\b# in vi command mode.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn-\b-i\big\bgn\bno\bor\bre\be-\b-c\bca\bas\bse\be (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
If set to O\bOn\bn, readline performs filename matching and completion
in a case-insensitive fashion.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn-\b-q\bqu\bue\ber\bry\by-\b-i\bit\bte\bem\bms\bs (\b(1\b10\b00\b0)\b)
- This determines when the user is queried about viewing the num-
- ber of possible completions generated by the p\bpo\bos\bss\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\be-\b-
- t\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs command. It may be set to any integer value greater than
- or equal to zero. If the number of possible completions is
+ This determines when the user is queried about viewing the num-
+ ber of possible completions generated by the p\bpo\bos\bss\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\be-\b-
+ t\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs command. It may be set to any integer value greater than
+ or equal to zero. If the number of possible completions is
greater than or equal to the value of this variable, the user is
- asked whether or not he wishes to view them; otherwise they are
+ asked whether or not he wishes to view them; otherwise they are
simply listed on the terminal.
c\bco\bon\bnv\bve\ber\brt\bt-\b-m\bme\bet\bta\ba (\b(O\bOn\bn)\b)
- If set to O\bOn\bn, readline will convert characters with the eighth
+ If set to O\bOn\bn, readline will convert characters with the eighth
bit set to an ASCII key sequence by stripping the eighth bit and
- prefixing an escape character (in effect, using escape as the
+ prefixing an escape character (in effect, using escape as the
_\bm_\be_\bt_\ba _\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx).
d\bdi\bis\bsa\bab\bbl\ble\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
If set to O\bOn\bn, readline will inhibit word completion. Completion
- characters will be inserted into the line as if they had been
+ characters will be inserted into the line as if they had been
mapped to s\bse\bel\blf\bf-\b-i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt.
e\bed\bdi\bit\bti\bin\bng\bg-\b-m\bmo\bod\bde\be (\b(e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs)\b)
Controls whether readline begins with a set of key bindings sim-
v\bvi\bi.
e\ben\bna\bab\bbl\ble\be-\b-k\bke\bey\byp\bpa\bad\bd (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
When set to O\bOn\bn, readline will try to enable the application key-
- pad when it is called. Some systems need this to enable the
+ pad when it is called. Some systems need this to enable the
arrow keys.
e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd-\b-t\bti\bil\bld\bde\be (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
- If set to o\bon\bn, tilde expansion is performed when readline
+ If set to o\bon\bn, tilde expansion is performed when readline
attempts word completion.
h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by-\b-p\bpr\bre\bes\bse\ber\brv\bve\be-\b-p\bpo\boi\bin\bnt\bt (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
- If set to o\bon\bn, the history code attempts to place point at the
- same location on each history line retrieved with p\bpr\bre\bev\bvi\bio\bou\bus\bs-\b-h\bhi\bis\bs-\b-
+ If set to o\bon\bn, the history code attempts to place point at the
+ same location on each history line retrieved with p\bpr\bre\bev\bvi\bio\bou\bus\bs-\b-h\bhi\bis\bs-\b-
t\bto\bor\bry\by or n\bne\bex\bxt\bt-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by.
h\bho\bor\bri\biz\bzo\bon\bnt\bta\bal\bl-\b-s\bsc\bcr\bro\bol\bll\bl-\b-m\bmo\bod\bde\be (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
- When set to O\bOn\bn, makes readline use a single line for display,
+ When set to O\bOn\bn, makes readline use a single line for display,
scrolling the input horizontally on a single screen line when it
- becomes longer than the screen width rather than wrapping to a
+ becomes longer than the screen width rather than wrapping to a
new line.
i\bin\bnp\bpu\but\bt-\b-m\bme\bet\bta\ba (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
- If set to O\bOn\bn, readline will enable eight-bit input (that is, it
- will not strip the high bit from the characters it reads),
+ If set to O\bOn\bn, readline will enable eight-bit input (that is, it
+ will not strip the high bit from the characters it reads),
regardless of what the terminal claims it can support. The name
m\bme\bet\bta\ba-\b-f\bfl\bla\bag\bg is a synonym for this variable.
i\bis\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-t\bte\ber\brm\bmi\bin\bna\bat\bto\bor\brs\bs (\b(`\b``\b`C\bC-\b-[\b[C\bC-\b-J\bJ'\b''\b')\b)
- The string of characters that should terminate an incremental
- search without subsequently executing the character as a com-
- mand. If this variable has not been given a value, the charac-
+ The string of characters that should terminate an incremental
+ search without subsequently executing the character as a com-
+ mand. If this variable has not been given a value, the charac-
ters _\bE_\bS_\bC and _\bC_\b-_\bJ will terminate an incremental search.
k\bke\bey\bym\bma\bap\bp (\b(e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs)\b)
- Set the current readline keymap. The set of valid keymap names
- is _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b, _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bs_\bt_\ba_\bn_\bd_\ba_\br_\bd_\b, _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bm_\be_\bt_\ba_\b, _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bc_\bt_\bl_\bx_\b, _\bv_\bi_\b, _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\b-
- _\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd, and _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bi_\bn_\bs_\be_\br_\bt. _\bv_\bi is equivalent to _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd; _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs is
- equivalent to _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bs_\bt_\ba_\bn_\bd_\ba_\br_\bd. The default value is _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs; the
+ Set the current readline keymap. The set of valid keymap names
+ is _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b, _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bs_\bt_\ba_\bn_\bd_\ba_\br_\bd_\b, _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bm_\be_\bt_\ba_\b, _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bc_\bt_\bl_\bx_\b, _\bv_\bi_\b, _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\b-
+ _\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd, and _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bi_\bn_\bs_\be_\br_\bt. _\bv_\bi is equivalent to _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd; _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs is
+ equivalent to _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bs_\bt_\ba_\bn_\bd_\ba_\br_\bd. The default value is _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs; the
value of e\bed\bdi\bit\bti\bin\bng\bg-\b-m\bmo\bod\bde\be also affects the default keymap.
m\bma\bar\brk\bk-\b-d\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bto\bor\bri\bie\bes\bs (\b(O\bOn\bn)\b)
If set to O\bOn\bn, completed directory names have a slash appended.
m\bma\bar\brk\bk-\b-m\bmo\bod\bdi\bif\bfi\bie\bed\bd-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\bes\bs (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
- If set to O\bOn\bn, history lines that have been modified are dis-
+ If set to O\bOn\bn, history lines that have been modified are dis-
played with a preceding asterisk (*\b*).
m\bma\bar\brk\bk-\b-s\bsy\bym\bml\bli\bin\bnk\bke\bed\bd-\b-d\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bto\bor\bri\bie\bes\bs (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
If set to O\bOn\bn, completed names which are symbolic links to direc-
- tories have a slash appended (subject to the value of
+ tories have a slash appended (subject to the value of
m\bma\bar\brk\bk-\b-d\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bto\bor\bri\bie\bes\bs).
m\bma\bat\btc\bch\bh-\b-h\bhi\bid\bdd\bde\ben\bn-\b-f\bfi\bil\ble\bes\bs (\b(O\bOn\bn)\b)
- This variable, when set to O\bOn\bn, causes readline to match files
- whose names begin with a `.' (hidden files) when performing
- filename completion, unless the leading `.' is supplied by the
+ This variable, when set to O\bOn\bn, causes readline to match files
+ whose names begin with a `.' (hidden files) when performing
+ filename completion, unless the leading `.' is supplied by the
user in the filename to be completed.
o\bou\but\btp\bpu\but\bt-\b-m\bme\bet\bta\ba (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
- If set to O\bOn\bn, readline will display characters with the eighth
+ If set to O\bOn\bn, readline will display characters with the eighth
bit set directly rather than as a meta-prefixed escape sequence.
p\bpa\bag\bge\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs (\b(O\bOn\bn)\b)
- If set to O\bOn\bn, readline uses an internal _\bm_\bo_\br_\be-like pager to dis-
+ If set to O\bOn\bn, readline uses an internal _\bm_\bo_\br_\be-like pager to dis-
play a screenful of possible completions at a time.
p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\bt-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs-\b-h\bho\bor\bri\biz\bzo\bon\bnt\bta\bal\bll\bly\by (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
- If set to O\bOn\bn, readline will display completions with matches
- sorted horizontally in alphabetical order, rather than down the
+ If set to O\bOn\bn, readline will display completions with matches
+ sorted horizontally in alphabetical order, rather than down the
screen.
s\bsh\bho\bow\bw-\b-a\bal\bll\bl-\b-i\bif\bf-\b-a\bam\bmb\bbi\big\bgu\buo\bou\bus\bs (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
- This alters the default behavior of the completion functions.
+ This alters the default behavior of the completion functions.
If set to o\bon\bn, words which have more than one possible completion
- cause the matches to be listed immediately instead of ringing
+ cause the matches to be listed immediately instead of ringing
the bell.
s\bsh\bho\bow\bw-\b-a\bal\bll\bl-\b-i\bif\bf-\b-u\bun\bnm\bmo\bod\bdi\bif\bfi\bie\bed\bd (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
- This alters the default behavior of the completion functions in
+ This alters the default behavior of the completion functions in
a fashion similar to s\bsh\bho\bow\bw-\b-a\bal\bll\bl-\b-i\bif\bf-\b-a\bam\bmb\bbi\big\bgu\buo\bou\bus\bs. If set to o\bon\bn, words
- which have more than one possible completion without any possi-
- ble partial completion (the possible completions don't share a
- common prefix) cause the matches to be listed immediately
+ which have more than one possible completion without any possi-
+ ble partial completion (the possible completions don't share a
+ common prefix) cause the matches to be listed immediately
instead of ringing the bell.
v\bvi\bis\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-s\bst\bta\bat\bts\bs (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
- If set to O\bOn\bn, a character denoting a file's type as reported by
- _\bs_\bt_\ba_\bt(2) is appended to the filename when listing possible com-
+ If set to O\bOn\bn, a character denoting a file's type as reported by
+ _\bs_\bt_\ba_\bt(2) is appended to the filename when listing possible com-
pletions.
R\bRe\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be C\bCo\bon\bnd\bdi\bit\bti\bio\bon\bna\bal\bl C\bCo\bon\bns\bst\btr\bru\buc\bct\bts\bs
- Readline implements a facility similar in spirit to the conditional
- compilation features of the C preprocessor which allows key bindings
- and variable settings to be performed as the result of tests. There
+ Readline implements a facility similar in spirit to the conditional
+ compilation features of the C preprocessor which allows key bindings
+ and variable settings to be performed as the result of tests. There
are four parser directives used.
- $\b$i\bif\bf The $\b$i\bif\bf construct allows bindings to be made based on the edit-
- ing mode, the terminal being used, or the application using
- readline. The text of the test extends to the end of the line;
+ $\b$i\bif\bf The $\b$i\bif\bf construct allows bindings to be made based on the edit-
+ ing mode, the terminal being used, or the application using
+ readline. The text of the test extends to the end of the line;
no characters are required to isolate it.
- m\bmo\bod\bde\be The m\bmo\bod\bde\be=\b= form of the $\b$i\bif\bf directive is used to test
- whether readline is in emacs or vi mode. This may be
- used in conjunction with the s\bse\bet\bt k\bke\bey\bym\bma\bap\bp command, for
- instance, to set bindings in the _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bs_\bt_\ba_\bn_\bd_\ba_\br_\bd and
- _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bc_\bt_\bl_\bx keymaps only if readline is starting out in
+ m\bmo\bod\bde\be The m\bmo\bod\bde\be=\b= form of the $\b$i\bif\bf directive is used to test
+ whether readline is in emacs or vi mode. This may be
+ used in conjunction with the s\bse\bet\bt k\bke\bey\bym\bma\bap\bp command, for
+ instance, to set bindings in the _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bs_\bt_\ba_\bn_\bd_\ba_\br_\bd and
+ _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bc_\bt_\bl_\bx keymaps only if readline is starting out in
emacs mode.
- t\bte\ber\brm\bm The t\bte\ber\brm\bm=\b= form may be used to include terminal-specific
+ t\bte\ber\brm\bm The t\bte\ber\brm\bm=\b= form may be used to include terminal-specific
key bindings, perhaps to bind the key sequences output by
the terminal's function keys. The word on the right side
of the =\b= is tested against the both full name of the ter-
- minal and the portion of the terminal name before the
- first -\b-. This allows _\bs_\bu_\bn to match both _\bs_\bu_\bn and _\bs_\bu_\bn_\b-_\bc_\bm_\bd,
+ minal and the portion of the terminal name before the
+ first -\b-. This allows _\bs_\bu_\bn to match both _\bs_\bu_\bn and _\bs_\bu_\bn_\b-_\bc_\bm_\bd,
for instance.
a\bap\bpp\bpl\bli\bic\bca\bat\bti\bio\bon\bn
The a\bap\bpp\bpl\bli\bic\bca\bat\bti\bio\bon\bn construct is used to include application-
specific settings. Each program using the readline
- library sets the _\ba_\bp_\bp_\bl_\bi_\bc_\ba_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, and an initialization
+ library sets the _\ba_\bp_\bp_\bl_\bi_\bc_\ba_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, and an initialization
file can test for a particular value. This could be used
- to bind key sequences to functions useful for a specific
- program. For instance, the following command adds a key
- sequence that quotes the current or previous word in
+ to bind key sequences to functions useful for a specific
+ program. For instance, the following command adds a key
+ sequence that quotes the current or previous word in
Bash:
$\b$i\bif\bf Bash
test fails.
$\b$i\bin\bnc\bcl\blu\bud\bde\be
- This directive takes a single filename as an argument and reads
- commands and bindings from that file. For example, the follow-
+ This directive takes a single filename as an argument and reads
+ commands and bindings from that file. For example, the follow-
ing directive would read _\b/_\be_\bt_\bc_\b/_\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc:
$\b$i\bin\bnc\bcl\blu\bud\bde\be _\b/_\be_\bt_\bc_\b/_\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc
S\bSe\bea\bar\brc\bch\bhi\bin\bng\bg
- Readline provides commands for searching through the command history
+ Readline provides commands for searching through the command history
(see H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY below) for lines containing a specified string. There are
two search modes: _\bi_\bn_\bc_\br_\be_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\ba_\bl and _\bn_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bi_\bn_\bc_\br_\be_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\ba_\bl.
- Incremental searches begin before the user has finished typing the
- search string. As each character of the search string is typed, read-
+ Incremental searches begin before the user has finished typing the
+ search string. As each character of the search string is typed, read-
line displays the next entry from the history matching the string typed
- so far. An incremental search requires only as many characters as
- needed to find the desired history entry. The characters present in
- the value of the i\bis\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-t\bte\ber\brm\bmi\bin\bna\bat\bto\bor\brs\bs variable are used to terminate an
+ so far. An incremental search requires only as many characters as
+ needed to find the desired history entry. The characters present in
+ the value of the i\bis\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-t\bte\ber\brm\bmi\bin\bna\bat\bto\bor\brs\bs variable are used to terminate an
incremental search. If that variable has not been assigned a value the
- Escape and Control-J characters will terminate an incremental search.
- Control-G will abort an incremental search and restore the original
- line. When the search is terminated, the history entry containing the
+ Escape and Control-J characters will terminate an incremental search.
+ Control-G will abort an incremental search and restore the original
+ line. When the search is terminated, the history entry containing the
search string becomes the current line.
- To find other matching entries in the history list, type Control-S or
- Control-R as appropriate. This will search backward or forward in the
- history for the next entry matching the search string typed so far.
- Any other key sequence bound to a readline command will terminate the
- search and execute that command. For instance, a _\bn_\be_\bw_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be will termi-
+ To find other matching entries in the history list, type Control-S or
+ Control-R as appropriate. This will search backward or forward in the
+ history for the next entry matching the search string typed so far.
+ Any other key sequence bound to a readline command will terminate the
+ search and execute that command. For instance, a _\bn_\be_\bw_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be will termi-
nate the search and accept the line, thereby executing the command from
the history list.
Readline remembers the last incremental search string. If two Control-
- Rs are typed without any intervening characters defining a new search
+ Rs are typed without any intervening characters defining a new search
string, any remembered search string is used.
- Non-incremental searches read the entire search string before starting
- to search for matching history lines. The search string may be typed
+ Non-incremental searches read the entire search string before starting
+ to search for matching history lines. The search string may be typed
by the user or be part of the contents of the current line.
R\bRe\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be C\bCo\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd N\bNa\bam\bme\bes\bs
- The following is a list of the names of the commands and the default
+ The following is a list of the names of the commands and the default
key sequences to which they are bound. Command names without an accom-
panying key sequence are unbound by default. In the following descrip-
- tions, _\bp_\bo_\bi_\bn_\bt refers to the current cursor position, and _\bm_\ba_\br_\bk refers to
- a cursor position saved by the s\bse\bet\bt-\b-m\bma\bar\brk\bk command. The text between the
+ tions, _\bp_\bo_\bi_\bn_\bt refers to the current cursor position, and _\bm_\ba_\br_\bk refers to
+ a cursor position saved by the s\bse\bet\bt-\b-m\bma\bar\brk\bk command. The text between the
point and mark is referred to as the _\br_\be_\bg_\bi_\bo_\bn.
C\bCo\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bds\bs f\bfo\bor\br M\bMo\bov\bvi\bin\bng\bg
Move forward to the end of the next word. Words are composed of
alphanumeric characters (letters and digits).
b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-b\bb)\b)
- Move back to the start of the current or previous word. Words
+ Move back to the start of the current or previous word. Words
are composed of alphanumeric characters (letters and digits).
c\bcl\ble\bea\bar\br-\b-s\bsc\bcr\bre\bee\ben\bn (\b(C\bC-\b-l\bl)\b)
- Clear the screen leaving the current line at the top of the
- screen. With an argument, refresh the current line without
+ Clear the screen leaving the current line at the top of the
+ screen. With an argument, refresh the current line without
clearing the screen.
r\bre\bed\bdr\bra\baw\bw-\b-c\bcu\bur\brr\bre\ben\bnt\bt-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be
Refresh the current line.
C\bCo\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bds\bs f\bfo\bor\br M\bMa\ban\bni\bip\bpu\bul\bla\bat\bti\bin\bng\bg t\bth\bhe\be H\bHi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by
a\bac\bcc\bce\bep\bpt\bt-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be (\b(N\bNe\bew\bwl\bli\bin\bne\be,\b, R\bRe\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn)\b)
Accept the line regardless of where the cursor is. If this line
- is non-empty, add it to the history list according to the state
- of the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL variable. If the line is a modified history
+ is non-empty, add it to the history list according to the state
+ of the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL variable. If the line is a modified history
line, then restore the history line to its original state.
p\bpr\bre\bev\bvi\bio\bou\bus\bs-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by (\b(C\bC-\b-p\bp)\b)
Fetch the previous command from the history list, moving back in
the list.
n\bne\bex\bxt\bt-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by (\b(C\bC-\b-n\bn)\b)
- Fetch the next command from the history list, moving forward in
+ Fetch the next command from the history list, moving forward in
the list.
b\bbe\beg\bgi\bin\bnn\bni\bin\bng\bg-\b-o\bof\bf-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by (\b(M\bM-\b-<\b<)\b)
Move to the first line in the history.
e\ben\bnd\bd-\b-o\bof\bf-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by (\b(M\bM-\b->\b>)\b)
- Move to the end of the input history, i.e., the line currently
+ Move to the end of the input history, i.e., the line currently
being entered.
r\bre\bev\bve\ber\brs\bse\be-\b-s\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by (\b(C\bC-\b-r\br)\b)
- Search backward starting at the current line and moving `up'
- through the history as necessary. This is an incremental
+ Search backward starting at the current line and moving `up'
+ through the history as necessary. This is an incremental
search.
f\bfo\bor\brw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-s\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by (\b(C\bC-\b-s\bs)\b)
- Search forward starting at the current line and moving `down'
- through the history as necessary. This is an incremental
+ Search forward starting at the current line and moving `down'
+ through the history as necessary. This is an incremental
search.
n\bno\bon\bn-\b-i\bin\bnc\bcr\bre\bem\bme\ben\bnt\bta\bal\bl-\b-r\bre\bev\bve\ber\brs\bse\be-\b-s\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by (\b(M\bM-\b-p\bp)\b)
Search backward through the history starting at the current line
- using a non-incremental search for a string supplied by the
+ using a non-incremental search for a string supplied by the
user.
n\bno\bon\bn-\b-i\bin\bnc\bcr\bre\bem\bme\ben\bnt\bta\bal\bl-\b-f\bfo\bor\brw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-s\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by (\b(M\bM-\b-n\bn)\b)
- Search forward through the history using a non-incremental
+ Search forward through the history using a non-incremental
search for a string supplied by the user.
h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by-\b-s\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-f\bfo\bor\brw\bwa\bar\brd\bd
- Search forward through the history for the string of characters
- between the start of the current line and the point. This is a
+ Search forward through the history for the string of characters
+ between the start of the current line and the point. This is a
non-incremental search.
h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by-\b-s\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd
Search backward through the history for the string of characters
- between the start of the current line and the point. This is a
+ between the start of the current line and the point. This is a
non-incremental search.
y\bya\ban\bnk\bk-\b-n\bnt\bth\bh-\b-a\bar\brg\bg (\b(M\bM-\b-C\bC-\b-y\by)\b)
- Insert the first argument to the previous command (usually the
+ Insert the first argument to the previous command (usually the
second word on the previous line) at point. With an argument _\bn,
- insert the _\bnth word from the previous command (the words in the
- previous command begin with word 0). A negative argument
+ insert the _\bnth word from the previous command (the words in the
+ previous command begin with word 0). A negative argument
inserts the _\bnth word from the end of the previous command. Once
- the argument _\bn is computed, the argument is extracted as if the
+ the argument _\bn is computed, the argument is extracted as if the
"!_\bn" history expansion had been specified.
y\bya\ban\bnk\bk-\b-l\bla\bas\bst\bt-\b-a\bar\brg\bg (\b(M\bM-\b-.\b.,\b, M\bM-\b-_\b_)\b)
- Insert the last argument to the previous command (the last word
- of the previous history entry). With an argument, behave
- exactly like y\bya\ban\bnk\bk-\b-n\bnt\bth\bh-\b-a\bar\brg\bg. Successive calls to y\bya\ban\bnk\bk-\b-l\bla\bas\bst\bt-\b-a\bar\brg\bg
- move back through the history list, inserting the last argument
+ Insert the last argument to the previous command (the last word
+ of the previous history entry). With an argument, behave
+ exactly like y\bya\ban\bnk\bk-\b-n\bnt\bth\bh-\b-a\bar\brg\bg. Successive calls to y\bya\ban\bnk\bk-\b-l\bla\bas\bst\bt-\b-a\bar\brg\bg
+ move back through the history list, inserting the last argument
of each line in turn. The history expansion facilities are used
- to extract the last argument, as if the "!$" history expansion
+ to extract the last argument, as if the "!$" history expansion
had been specified.
s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl-\b-e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be (\b(M\bM-\b-C\bC-\b-e\be)\b)
Expand the line as the shell does. This performs alias and his-
tory expansion as well as all of the shell word expansions. See
- H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN below for a description of history expansion.
+ H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN below for a description of history expansion.
h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by-\b-e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be (\b(M\bM-\b-^\b^)\b)
- Perform history expansion on the current line. See H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY
+ Perform history expansion on the current line. See H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY
E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN below for a description of history expansion.
m\bma\bag\bgi\bic\bc-\b-s\bsp\bpa\bac\bce\be
- Perform history expansion on the current line and insert a
+ Perform history expansion on the current line and insert a
space. See H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN below for a description of history
expansion.
a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs-\b-e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be
- Perform alias expansion on the current line. See A\bAL\bLI\bIA\bAS\bSE\bES\bS above
+ Perform alias expansion on the current line. See A\bAL\bLI\bIA\bAS\bSE\bES\bS above
for a description of alias expansion.
h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by-\b-a\ban\bnd\bd-\b-a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs-\b-e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be
Perform history and alias expansion on the current line.
i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt-\b-l\bla\bas\bst\bt-\b-a\bar\brg\bgu\bum\bme\ben\bnt\bt (\b(M\bM-\b-.\b.,\b, M\bM-\b-_\b_)\b)
A synonym for y\bya\ban\bnk\bk-\b-l\bla\bas\bst\bt-\b-a\bar\brg\bg.
o\bop\bpe\ber\bra\bat\bte\be-\b-a\ban\bnd\bd-\b-g\bge\bet\bt-\b-n\bne\bex\bxt\bt (\b(C\bC-\b-o\bo)\b)
- Accept the current line for execution and fetch the next line
- relative to the current line from the history for editing. Any
+ Accept the current line for execution and fetch the next line
+ relative to the current line from the history for editing. Any
argument is ignored.
e\bed\bdi\bit\bt-\b-a\ban\bnd\bd-\b-e\bex\bxe\bec\bcu\but\bte\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bxC\bC-\b-e\be)\b)
- Invoke an editor on the current command line, and execute the
- result as shell commands. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh attempts to invoke $\b$F\bFC\bCE\bED\bDI\bIT\bT,
+ Invoke an editor on the current command line, and execute the
+ result as shell commands. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh attempts to invoke $\b$F\bFC\bCE\bED\bDI\bIT\bT,
$\b$E\bED\bDI\bIT\bTO\bOR\bR, and _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs as the editor, in that order.
C\bCo\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bds\bs f\bfo\bor\br C\bCh\bha\ban\bng\bgi\bin\bng\bg T\bTe\bex\bxt\bt
d\bde\bel\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\br (\b(C\bC-\b-d\bd)\b)
- Delete the character at point. If point is at the beginning of
- the line, there are no characters in the line, and the last
+ Delete the character at point. If point is at the beginning of
+ the line, there are no characters in the line, and the last
character typed was not bound to d\bde\bel\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\br, then return E\bEO\bOF\bF.
b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-d\bde\bel\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\br (\b(R\bRu\bub\bbo\bou\but\bt)\b)
- Delete the character behind the cursor. When given a numeric
+ Delete the character behind the cursor. When given a numeric
argument, save the deleted text on the kill ring.
f\bfo\bor\brw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-d\bde\bel\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\br
- Delete the character under the cursor, unless the cursor is at
+ Delete the character under the cursor, unless the cursor is at
the end of the line, in which case the character behind the cur-
sor is deleted.
q\bqu\buo\bot\bte\bed\bd-\b-i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt (\b(C\bC-\b-q\bq,\b, C\bC-\b-v\bv)\b)
- Add the next character typed to the line verbatim. This is how
+ Add the next character typed to the line verbatim. This is how
to insert characters like C\bC-\b-q\bq, for example.
t\bta\bab\bb-\b-i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt (\b(C\bC-\b-v\bv T\bTA\bAB\bB)\b)
Insert a tab character.
s\bse\bel\blf\bf-\b-i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt (\b(a\ba,\b, b\bb,\b, A\bA,\b, 1\b1,\b, !\b!,\b, .\b..\b..\b.)\b)
Insert the character typed.
t\btr\bra\ban\bns\bsp\bpo\bos\bse\be-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\brs\bs (\b(C\bC-\b-t\bt)\b)
- Drag the character before point forward over the character at
- point, moving point forward as well. If point is at the end of
- the line, then this transposes the two characters before point.
+ Drag the character before point forward over the character at
+ point, moving point forward as well. If point is at the end of
+ the line, then this transposes the two characters before point.
Negative arguments have no effect.
t\btr\bra\ban\bns\bsp\bpo\bos\bse\be-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bds\bs (\b(M\bM-\b-t\bt)\b)
- Drag the word before point past the word after point, moving
- point over that word as well. If point is at the end of the
+ Drag the word before point past the word after point, moving
+ point over that word as well. If point is at the end of the
line, this transposes the last two words on the line.
u\bup\bpc\bca\bas\bse\be-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-u\bu)\b)
- Uppercase the current (or following) word. With a negative
+ Uppercase the current (or following) word. With a negative
argument, uppercase the previous word, but do not move point.
d\bdo\bow\bwn\bnc\bca\bas\bse\be-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-l\bl)\b)
- Lowercase the current (or following) word. With a negative
+ Lowercase the current (or following) word. With a negative
argument, lowercase the previous word, but do not move point.
c\bca\bap\bpi\bit\bta\bal\bli\biz\bze\be-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-c\bc)\b)
- Capitalize the current (or following) word. With a negative
+ Capitalize the current (or following) word. With a negative
argument, capitalize the previous word, but do not move point.
o\bov\bve\ber\brw\bwr\bri\bit\bte\be-\b-m\bmo\bod\bde\be
- Toggle overwrite mode. With an explicit positive numeric argu-
+ Toggle overwrite mode. With an explicit positive numeric argu-
ment, switches to overwrite mode. With an explicit non-positive
numeric argument, switches to insert mode. This command affects
- only e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs mode; v\bvi\bi mode does overwrite differently. Each call
+ only e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs mode; v\bvi\bi mode does overwrite differently. Each call
to _\br_\be_\ba_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be_\b(_\b) starts in insert mode. In overwrite mode, charac-
- ters bound to s\bse\bel\blf\bf-\b-i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt replace the text at point rather than
- pushing the text to the right. Characters bound to b\bba\bac\bck\bk-\b-
- w\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-d\bde\bel\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\br replace the character before point with a
+ ters bound to s\bse\bel\blf\bf-\b-i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt replace the text at point rather than
+ pushing the text to the right. Characters bound to b\bba\bac\bck\bk-\b-
+ w\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-d\bde\bel\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\br replace the character before point with a
space. By default, this command is unbound.
K\bKi\bil\bll\bli\bin\bng\bg a\ban\bnd\bd Y\bYa\ban\bnk\bki\bin\bng\bg
b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-k\bki\bil\bll\bl-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx R\bRu\bub\bbo\bou\but\bt)\b)
Kill backward to the beginning of the line.
u\bun\bni\bix\bx-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be-\b-d\bdi\bis\bsc\bca\bar\brd\bd (\b(C\bC-\b-u\bu)\b)
- Kill backward from point to the beginning of the line. The
+ Kill backward from point to the beginning of the line. The
killed text is saved on the kill-ring.
k\bki\bil\bll\bl-\b-w\bwh\bho\bol\ble\be-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be
- Kill all characters on the current line, no matter where point
+ Kill all characters on the current line, no matter where point
is.
k\bki\bil\bll\bl-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-d\bd)\b)
- Kill from point to the end of the current word, or if between
- words, to the end of the next word. Word boundaries are the
+ Kill from point to the end of the current word, or if between
+ words, to the end of the next word. Word boundaries are the
same as those used by f\bfo\bor\brw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd.
b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-k\bki\bil\bll\bl-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-R\bRu\bub\bbo\bou\but\bt)\b)
- Kill the word behind point. Word boundaries are the same as
+ Kill the word behind point. Word boundaries are the same as
those used by b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd.
u\bun\bni\bix\bx-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd-\b-r\bru\bub\bbo\bou\but\bt (\b(C\bC-\b-w\bw)\b)
- Kill the word behind point, using white space as a word bound-
+ Kill the word behind point, using white space as a word bound-
ary. The killed text is saved on the kill-ring.
u\bun\bni\bix\bx-\b-f\bfi\bil\ble\ben\bna\bam\bme\be-\b-r\bru\bub\bbo\bou\but\bt
- Kill the word behind point, using white space and the slash
- character as the word boundaries. The killed text is saved on
+ Kill the word behind point, using white space and the slash
+ character as the word boundaries. The killed text is saved on
the kill-ring.
d\bde\bel\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-h\bho\bor\bri\biz\bzo\bon\bnt\bta\bal\bl-\b-s\bsp\bpa\bac\bce\be (\b(M\bM-\b-\\b\)\b)
Delete all spaces and tabs around point.
c\bco\bop\bpy\by-\b-r\bre\beg\bgi\bio\bon\bn-\b-a\bas\bs-\b-k\bki\bil\bll\bl
Copy the text in the region to the kill buffer.
c\bco\bop\bpy\by-\b-b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd
- Copy the word before point to the kill buffer. The word bound-
+ Copy the word before point to the kill buffer. The word bound-
aries are the same as b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd.
c\bco\bop\bpy\by-\b-f\bfo\bor\brw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd
- Copy the word following point to the kill buffer. The word
+ Copy the word following point to the kill buffer. The word
boundaries are the same as f\bfo\bor\brw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd.
y\bya\ban\bnk\bk (\b(C\bC-\b-y\by)\b)
Yank the top of the kill ring into the buffer at point.
y\bya\ban\bnk\bk-\b-p\bpo\bop\bp (\b(M\bM-\b-y\by)\b)
- Rotate the kill ring, and yank the new top. Only works follow-
+ Rotate the kill ring, and yank the new top. Only works follow-
ing y\bya\ban\bnk\bk or y\bya\ban\bnk\bk-\b-p\bpo\bop\bp.
N\bNu\bum\bme\ber\bri\bic\bc A\bAr\brg\bgu\bum\bme\ben\bnt\bts\bs
d\bdi\big\bgi\bit\bt-\b-a\bar\brg\bgu\bum\bme\ben\bnt\bt (\b(M\bM-\b-0\b0,\b, M\bM-\b-1\b1,\b, .\b..\b..\b.,\b, M\bM-\b--\b-)\b)
- Add this digit to the argument already accumulating, or start a
+ Add this digit to the argument already accumulating, or start a
new argument. M-- starts a negative argument.
u\bun\bni\biv\bve\ber\brs\bsa\bal\bl-\b-a\bar\brg\bgu\bum\bme\ben\bnt\bt
- This is another way to specify an argument. If this command is
- followed by one or more digits, optionally with a leading minus
- sign, those digits define the argument. If the command is fol-
- lowed by digits, executing u\bun\bni\biv\bve\ber\brs\bsa\bal\bl-\b-a\bar\brg\bgu\bum\bme\ben\bnt\bt again ends the
- numeric argument, but is otherwise ignored. As a special case,
- if this command is immediately followed by a character that is
- neither a digit or minus sign, the argument count for the next
- command is multiplied by four. The argument count is initially
- one, so executing this function the first time makes the argu-
+ This is another way to specify an argument. If this command is
+ followed by one or more digits, optionally with a leading minus
+ sign, those digits define the argument. If the command is fol-
+ lowed by digits, executing u\bun\bni\biv\bve\ber\brs\bsa\bal\bl-\b-a\bar\brg\bgu\bum\bme\ben\bnt\bt again ends the
+ numeric argument, but is otherwise ignored. As a special case,
+ if this command is immediately followed by a character that is
+ neither a digit or minus sign, the argument count for the next
+ command is multiplied by four. The argument count is initially
+ one, so executing this function the first time makes the argu-
ment count four, a second time makes the argument count sixteen,
and so on.
C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bin\bng\bg
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be (\b(T\bTA\bAB\bB)\b)
- Attempt to perform completion on the text before point. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh
+ Attempt to perform completion on the text before point. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh
attempts completion treating the text as a variable (if the text
- begins with $\b$), username (if the text begins with ~\b~), hostname
- (if the text begins with @\b@), or command (including aliases and
+ begins with $\b$), username (if the text begins with ~\b~), hostname
+ (if the text begins with @\b@), or command (including aliases and
functions) in turn. If none of these produces a match, filename
completion is attempted.
p\bpo\bos\bss\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs (\b(M\bM-\b-?\b?)\b)
List the possible completions of the text before point.
i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs (\b(M\bM-\b-*\b*)\b)
- Insert all completions of the text before point that would have
+ Insert all completions of the text before point that would have
been generated by p\bpo\bos\bss\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs.
m\bme\ben\bnu\bu-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be
- Similar to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be, but replaces the word to be completed with
- a single match from the list of possible completions. Repeated
- execution of m\bme\ben\bnu\bu-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be steps through the list of possible
- completions, inserting each match in turn. At the end of the
+ Similar to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be, but replaces the word to be completed with
+ a single match from the list of possible completions. Repeated
+ execution of m\bme\ben\bnu\bu-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be steps through the list of possible
+ completions, inserting each match in turn. At the end of the
list of completions, the bell is rung (subject to the setting of
b\bbe\bel\bll\bl-\b-s\bst\bty\byl\ble\be) and the original text is restored. An argument of _\bn
- moves _\bn positions forward in the list of matches; a negative
- argument may be used to move backward through the list. This
- command is intended to be bound to T\bTA\bAB\bB, but is unbound by
+ moves _\bn positions forward in the list of matches; a negative
+ argument may be used to move backward through the list. This
+ command is intended to be bound to T\bTA\bAB\bB, but is unbound by
default.
d\bde\bel\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\br-\b-o\bor\br-\b-l\bli\bis\bst\bt
- Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the beginning
- or end of the line (like d\bde\bel\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\br). If at the end of the
+ Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the beginning
+ or end of the line (like d\bde\bel\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\br). If at the end of the
line, behaves identically to p\bpo\bos\bss\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs. This command
is unbound by default.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-f\bfi\bil\ble\ben\bna\bam\bme\be (\b(M\bM-\b-/\b/)\b)
List the possible completions of the text before point, treating
it as a filename.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-u\bus\bse\ber\brn\bna\bam\bme\be (\b(M\bM-\b-~\b~)\b)
- Attempt completion on the text before point, treating it as a
+ Attempt completion on the text before point, treating it as a
username.
p\bpo\bos\bss\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-u\bus\bse\ber\brn\bna\bam\bme\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx ~\b~)\b)
List the possible completions of the text before point, treating
it as a username.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-v\bva\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\be (\b(M\bM-\b-$\b$)\b)
- Attempt completion on the text before point, treating it as a
+ Attempt completion on the text before point, treating it as a
shell variable.
p\bpo\bos\bss\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-v\bva\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx $\b$)\b)
List the possible completions of the text before point, treating
it as a shell variable.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-h\bho\bos\bst\btn\bna\bam\bme\be (\b(M\bM-\b-@\b@)\b)
- Attempt completion on the text before point, treating it as a
+ Attempt completion on the text before point, treating it as a
hostname.
p\bpo\bos\bss\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-h\bho\bos\bst\btn\bna\bam\bme\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx @\b@)\b)
List the possible completions of the text before point, treating
it as a hostname.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-!\b!)\b)
- Attempt completion on the text before point, treating it as a
- command name. Command completion attempts to match the text
- against aliases, reserved words, shell functions, shell
+ Attempt completion on the text before point, treating it as a
+ command name. Command completion attempts to match the text
+ against aliases, reserved words, shell functions, shell
builtins, and finally executable filenames, in that order.
p\bpo\bos\bss\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx !\b!)\b)
List the possible completions of the text before point, treating
it as a command name.
d\bdy\byn\bna\bam\bmi\bic\bc-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by (\b(M\bM-\b-T\bTA\bAB\bB)\b)
- Attempt completion on the text before point, comparing the text
- against lines from the history list for possible completion
+ Attempt completion on the text before point, comparing the text
+ against lines from the history list for possible completion
matches.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-i\bin\bnt\bto\bo-\b-b\bbr\bra\bac\bce\bes\bs (\b(M\bM-\b-{\b{)\b)
Perform filename completion and insert the list of possible com-
- pletions enclosed within braces so the list is available to the
+ pletions enclosed within braces so the list is available to the
shell (see B\bBr\bra\bac\bce\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn above).
K\bKe\bey\byb\bbo\boa\bar\brd\bd M\bMa\bac\bcr\bro\bos\bs
s\bst\bta\bar\brt\bt-\b-k\bkb\bbd\bd-\b-m\bma\bac\bcr\bro\bo (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx (\b()\b)
- Begin saving the characters typed into the current keyboard
+ Begin saving the characters typed into the current keyboard
macro.
e\ben\bnd\bd-\b-k\bkb\bbd\bd-\b-m\bma\bac\bcr\bro\bo (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx )\b))\b)
Stop saving the characters typed into the current keyboard macro
and store the definition.
c\bca\bal\bll\bl-\b-l\bla\bas\bst\bt-\b-k\bkb\bbd\bd-\b-m\bma\bac\bcr\bro\bo (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx e\be)\b)
- Re-execute the last keyboard macro defined, by making the char-
+ Re-execute the last keyboard macro defined, by making the char-
acters in the macro appear as if typed at the keyboard.
M\bMi\bis\bsc\bce\bel\bll\bla\ban\bne\beo\bou\bus\bs
r\bre\be-\b-r\bre\bea\bad\bd-\b-i\bin\bni\bit\bt-\b-f\bfi\bil\ble\be (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx C\bC-\b-r\br)\b)
- Read in the contents of the _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file, and incorporate any
+ Read in the contents of the _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file, and incorporate any
bindings or variable assignments found there.
a\bab\bbo\bor\brt\bt (\b(C\bC-\b-g\bg)\b)
- Abort the current editing command and ring the terminal's bell
+ Abort the current editing command and ring the terminal's bell
(subject to the setting of b\bbe\bel\bll\bl-\b-s\bst\bty\byl\ble\be).
d\bdo\bo-\b-u\bup\bpp\bpe\ber\brc\bca\bas\bse\be-\b-v\bve\ber\brs\bsi\bio\bon\bn (\b(M\bM-\b-a\ba,\b, M\bM-\b-b\bb,\b, M\bM-\b-_\bx,\b, .\b..\b..\b.)\b)
- If the metafied character _\bx is lowercase, run the command that
+ If the metafied character _\bx is lowercase, run the command that
is bound to the corresponding uppercase character.
p\bpr\bre\bef\bfi\bix\bx-\b-m\bme\bet\bta\ba (\b(E\bES\bSC\bC)\b)
Metafy the next character typed. E\bES\bSC\bC f\bf is equivalent to M\bMe\bet\bta\ba-\b-f\bf.
u\bun\bnd\bdo\bo (\b(C\bC-\b-_\b_,\b, C\bC-\b-x\bx C\bC-\b-u\bu)\b)
Incremental undo, separately remembered for each line.
r\bre\bev\bve\ber\brt\bt-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be (\b(M\bM-\b-r\br)\b)
- Undo all changes made to this line. This is like executing the
- u\bun\bnd\bdo\bo command enough times to return the line to its initial
+ Undo all changes made to this line. This is like executing the
+ u\bun\bnd\bdo\bo command enough times to return the line to its initial
state.
t\bti\bil\bld\bde\be-\b-e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-&\b&)\b)
Perform tilde expansion on the current word.
s\bse\bet\bt-\b-m\bma\bar\brk\bk (\b(C\bC-\b-@\b@,\b, M\bM-\b-<\b<s\bsp\bpa\bac\bce\be>\b>)\b)
- Set the mark to the point. If a numeric argument is supplied,
+ Set the mark to the point. If a numeric argument is supplied,
the mark is set to that position.
e\bex\bxc\bch\bha\ban\bng\bge\be-\b-p\bpo\boi\bin\bnt\bt-\b-a\ban\bnd\bd-\b-m\bma\bar\brk\bk (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx C\bC-\b-x\bx)\b)
- Swap the point with the mark. The current cursor position is
- set to the saved position, and the old cursor position is saved
+ Swap the point with the mark. The current cursor position is
+ set to the saved position, and the old cursor position is saved
as the mark.
c\bch\bha\bar\bra\bac\bct\bte\ber\br-\b-s\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh (\b(C\bC-\b-]\b])\b)
A character is read and point is moved to the next occurrence of
- that character. A negative count searches for previous occur-
+ that character. A negative count searches for previous occur-
rences.
c\bch\bha\bar\bra\bac\bct\bte\ber\br-\b-s\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-C\bC-\b-]\b])\b)
- A character is read and point is moved to the previous occur-
- rence of that character. A negative count searches for subse-
+ A character is read and point is moved to the previous occur-
+ rence of that character. A negative count searches for subse-
quent occurrences.
i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt-\b-c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bt (\b(M\bM-\b-#\b#)\b)
- Without a numeric argument, the value of the readline c\bco\bom\bm-\b-
- m\bme\ben\bnt\bt-\b-b\bbe\beg\bgi\bin\bn variable is inserted at the beginning of the current
+ Without a numeric argument, the value of the readline c\bco\bom\bm-\b-
+ m\bme\ben\bnt\bt-\b-b\bbe\beg\bgi\bin\bn variable is inserted at the beginning of the current
line. If a numeric argument is supplied, this command acts as a
- toggle: if the characters at the beginning of the line do not
- match the value of c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bt-\b-b\bbe\beg\bgi\bin\bn, the value is inserted, other-
+ toggle: if the characters at the beginning of the line do not
+ match the value of c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bt-\b-b\bbe\beg\bgi\bin\bn, the value is inserted, other-
wise the characters in c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bt-\b-b\bbe\beg\bgi\bin\bn are deleted from the begin-
- ning of the line. In either case, the line is accepted as if a
- newline had been typed. The default value of c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bt-\b-b\bbe\beg\bgi\bin\bn
- causes this command to make the current line a shell comment.
- If a numeric argument causes the comment character to be
+ ning of the line. In either case, the line is accepted as if a
+ newline had been typed. The default value of c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bt-\b-b\bbe\beg\bgi\bin\bn
+ causes this command to make the current line a shell comment.
+ If a numeric argument causes the comment character to be
removed, the line will be executed by the shell.
g\bgl\blo\bob\bb-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-g\bg)\b)
- The word before point is treated as a pattern for pathname
- expansion, with an asterisk implicitly appended. This pattern
- is used to generate a list of matching file names for possible
+ The word before point is treated as a pattern for pathname
+ expansion, with an asterisk implicitly appended. This pattern
+ is used to generate a list of matching file names for possible
completions.
g\bgl\blo\bob\bb-\b-e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx *\b*)\b)
- The word before point is treated as a pattern for pathname
- expansion, and the list of matching file names is inserted,
- replacing the word. If a numeric argument is supplied, an
+ The word before point is treated as a pattern for pathname
+ expansion, and the list of matching file names is inserted,
+ replacing the word. If a numeric argument is supplied, an
asterisk is appended before pathname expansion.
g\bgl\blo\bob\bb-\b-l\bli\bis\bst\bt-\b-e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bns\bs (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx g\bg)\b)
- The list of expansions that would have been generated by
- g\bgl\blo\bob\bb-\b-e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd is displayed, and the line is redrawn. If a
- numeric argument is supplied, an asterisk is appended before
+ The list of expansions that would have been generated by
+ g\bgl\blo\bob\bb-\b-e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd is displayed, and the line is redrawn. If a
+ numeric argument is supplied, an asterisk is appended before
pathname expansion.
d\bdu\bum\bmp\bp-\b-f\bfu\bun\bnc\bct\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs
- Print all of the functions and their key bindings to the read-
+ Print all of the functions and their key bindings to the read-
line output stream. If a numeric argument is supplied, the out-
- put is formatted in such a way that it can be made part of an
+ put is formatted in such a way that it can be made part of an
_\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file.
d\bdu\bum\bmp\bp-\b-v\bva\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\bes\bs
Print all of the settable readline variables and their values to
- the readline output stream. If a numeric argument is supplied,
- the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part
+ the readline output stream. If a numeric argument is supplied,
+ the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part
of an _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file.
d\bdu\bum\bmp\bp-\b-m\bma\bac\bcr\bro\bos\bs
- Print all of the readline key sequences bound to macros and the
- strings they output. If a numeric argument is supplied, the
+ Print all of the readline key sequences bound to macros and the
+ strings they output. If a numeric argument is supplied, the
output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part of an
_\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file.
d\bdi\bis\bsp\bpl\bla\bay\by-\b-s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl-\b-v\bve\ber\brs\bsi\bio\bon\bn (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx C\bC-\b-v\bv)\b)
- Display version information about the current instance of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh.
+ Display version information about the current instance of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh.
P\bPr\bro\bog\bgr\bra\bam\bmm\bma\bab\bbl\ble\be C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn
- When word completion is attempted for an argument to a command for
- which a completion specification (a _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc) has been defined using
- the c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be builtin (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below), the pro-
+ When word completion is attempted for an argument to a command for
+ which a completion specification (a _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc) has been defined using
+ the c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be builtin (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below), the pro-
grammable completion facilities are invoked.
- First, the command name is identified. If a compspec has been defined
+ First, the command name is identified. If a compspec has been defined
for that command, the compspec is used to generate the list of possible
- completions for the word. If the command word is a full pathname, a
- compspec for the full pathname is searched for first. If no compspec
- is found for the full pathname, an attempt is made to find a compspec
+ completions for the word. If the command word is a full pathname, a
+ compspec for the full pathname is searched for first. If no compspec
+ is found for the full pathname, an attempt is made to find a compspec
for the portion following the final slash.
- Once a compspec has been found, it is used to generate the list of
- matching words. If a compspec is not found, the default b\bba\bas\bsh\bh comple-
+ Once a compspec has been found, it is used to generate the list of
+ matching words. If a compspec is not found, the default b\bba\bas\bsh\bh comple-
tion as described above under C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bin\bng\bg is performed.
- First, the actions specified by the compspec are used. Only matches
- which are prefixed by the word being completed are returned. When the
- -\b-f\bf or -\b-d\bd option is used for filename or directory name completion, the
+ First, the actions specified by the compspec are used. Only matches
+ which are prefixed by the word being completed are returned. When the
+ -\b-f\bf or -\b-d\bd option is used for filename or directory name completion, the
shell variable F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE is used to filter the matches.
- Any completions specified by a filename expansion pattern to the -\b-G\bG
+ Any completions specified by a filename expansion pattern to the -\b-G\bG
option are generated next. The words generated by the pattern need not
- match the word being completed. The G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE shell variable is not
+ match the word being completed. The G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE shell variable is not
used to filter the matches, but the F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE variable is used.
- Next, the string specified as the argument to the -\b-W\bW option is consid-
- ered. The string is first split using the characters in the I\bIF\bFS\bS spe-
- cial variable as delimiters. Shell quoting is honored. Each word is
- then expanded using brace expansion, tilde expansion, parameter and
- variable expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic expansion, as
+ Next, the string specified as the argument to the -\b-W\bW option is consid-
+ ered. The string is first split using the characters in the I\bIF\bFS\bS spe-
+ cial variable as delimiters. Shell quoting is honored. Each word is
+ then expanded using brace expansion, tilde expansion, parameter and
+ variable expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic expansion, as
described above under E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN. The results are split using the rules
described above under W\bWo\bor\brd\bd S\bSp\bpl\bli\bit\btt\bti\bin\bng\bg. The results of the expansion are
prefix-matched against the word being completed, and the matching words
become the possible completions.
- After these matches have been generated, any shell function or command
- specified with the -\b-F\bF and -\b-C\bC options is invoked. When the command or
+ After these matches have been generated, any shell function or command
+ specified with the -\b-F\bF and -\b-C\bC options is invoked. When the command or
function is invoked, the C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE, C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_P\bPO\bOI\bIN\bNT\bT, C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_K\bKE\bEY\bY, and C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_T\bTY\bYP\bPE\bE
variables are assigned values as described above under S\bSh\bhe\bel\bll\bl V\bVa\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\bes\bs.
- If a shell function is being invoked, the C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_W\bWO\bOR\bRD\bDS\bS and C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_C\bCW\bWO\bOR\bRD\bD
- variables are also set. When the function or command is invoked, the
- first argument is the name of the command whose arguments are being
- completed, the second argument is the word being completed, and the
- third argument is the word preceding the word being completed on the
- current command line. No filtering of the generated completions
- against the word being completed is performed; the function or command
+ If a shell function is being invoked, the C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_W\bWO\bOR\bRD\bDS\bS and C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_C\bCW\bWO\bOR\bRD\bD
+ variables are also set. When the function or command is invoked, the
+ first argument is the name of the command whose arguments are being
+ completed, the second argument is the word being completed, and the
+ third argument is the word preceding the word being completed on the
+ current command line. No filtering of the generated completions
+ against the word being completed is performed; the function or command
has complete freedom in generating the matches.
- Any function specified with -\b-F\bF is invoked first. The function may use
- any of the shell facilities, including the c\bco\bom\bmp\bpg\bge\ben\bn builtin described
- below, to generate the matches. It must put the possible completions
+ Any function specified with -\b-F\bF is invoked first. The function may use
+ any of the shell facilities, including the c\bco\bom\bmp\bpg\bge\ben\bn builtin described
+ below, to generate the matches. It must put the possible completions
in the C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bPR\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY array variable.
- Next, any command specified with the -\b-C\bC option is invoked in an envi-
- ronment equivalent to command substitution. It should print a list of
- completions, one per line, to the standard output. Backslash may be
+ Next, any command specified with the -\b-C\bC option is invoked in an envi-
+ ronment equivalent to command substitution. It should print a list of
+ completions, one per line, to the standard output. Backslash may be
used to escape a newline, if necessary.
- After all of the possible completions are generated, any filter speci-
- fied with the -\b-X\bX option is applied to the list. The filter is a pat-
- tern as used for pathname expansion; a &\b& in the pattern is replaced
- with the text of the word being completed. A literal &\b& may be escaped
- with a backslash; the backslash is removed before attempting a match.
- Any completion that matches the pattern will be removed from the list.
+ After all of the possible completions are generated, any filter speci-
+ fied with the -\b-X\bX option is applied to the list. The filter is a pat-
+ tern as used for pathname expansion; a &\b& in the pattern is replaced
+ with the text of the word being completed. A literal &\b& may be escaped
+ with a backslash; the backslash is removed before attempting a match.
+ Any completion that matches the pattern will be removed from the list.
A leading !\b! negates the pattern; in this case any completion not match-
ing the pattern will be removed.
added to each member of the completion list, and the result is returned
to the readline completion code as the list of possible completions.
- If the previously-applied actions do not generate any matches, and the
- -\b-o\bo d\bdi\bir\brn\bna\bam\bme\bes\bs option was supplied to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be when the compspec was
+ If the previously-applied actions do not generate any matches, and the
+ -\b-o\bo d\bdi\bir\brn\bna\bam\bme\bes\bs option was supplied to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be when the compspec was
defined, directory name completion is attempted.
- If the -\b-o\bo p\bpl\blu\bus\bsd\bdi\bir\brs\bs option was supplied to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be when the compspec
+ If the -\b-o\bo p\bpl\blu\bus\bsd\bdi\bir\brs\bs option was supplied to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be when the compspec
was defined, directory name completion is attempted and any matches are
added to the results of the other actions.
- By default, if a compspec is found, whatever it generates is returned
- to the completion code as the full set of possible completions. The
+ By default, if a compspec is found, whatever it generates is returned
+ to the completion code as the full set of possible completions. The
default b\bba\bas\bsh\bh completions are not attempted, and the readline default of
filename completion is disabled. If the -\b-o\bo b\bba\bas\bsh\bhd\bde\bef\bfa\bau\bul\blt\bt option was sup-
- plied to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be when the compspec was defined, the b\bba\bas\bsh\bh default com-
+ plied to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be when the compspec was defined, the b\bba\bas\bsh\bh default com-
pletions are attempted if the compspec generates no matches. If the -\b-o\bo
- d\bde\bef\bfa\bau\bul\blt\bt option was supplied to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be when the compspec was defined,
- readline's default completion will be performed if the compspec (and,
+ d\bde\bef\bfa\bau\bul\blt\bt option was supplied to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be when the compspec was defined,
+ readline's default completion will be performed if the compspec (and,
if attempted, the default b\bba\bas\bsh\bh completions) generate no matches.
- When a compspec indicates that directory name completion is desired,
- the programmable completion functions force readline to append a slash
- to completed names which are symbolic links to directories, subject to
- the value of the m\bma\bar\brk\bk-\b-d\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bto\bor\bri\bie\bes\bs readline variable, regardless of the
+ When a compspec indicates that directory name completion is desired,
+ the programmable completion functions force readline to append a slash
+ to completed names which are symbolic links to directories, subject to
+ the value of the m\bma\bar\brk\bk-\b-d\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bto\bor\bri\bie\bes\bs readline variable, regardless of the
setting of the m\bma\bar\brk\bk-\b-s\bsy\bym\bml\bli\bin\bnk\bke\bed\bd-\b-d\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bto\bor\bri\bie\bes\bs readline variable.
H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY
- When the -\b-o\bo h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin is enabled, the shell
+ When the -\b-o\bo h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin is enabled, the shell
provides access to the _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd _\bh_\bi_\bs_\bt_\bo_\br_\by, the list of commands previously
- typed. The value of the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTS\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE variable is used as the number of
+ typed. The value of the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTS\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE variable is used as the number of
commands to save in a history list. The text of the last H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTS\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE com-
- mands (default 500) is saved. The shell stores each command in the
- history list prior to parameter and variable expansion (see E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN
- above) but after history expansion is performed, subject to the values
+ mands (default 500) is saved. The shell stores each command in the
+ history list prior to parameter and variable expansion (see E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN
+ above) but after history expansion is performed, subject to the values
of the shell variables H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE and H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL.
On startup, the history is initialized from the file named by the vari-
- able H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE (default _\b~_\b/_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\b__\bh_\bi_\bs_\bt_\bo_\br_\by). The file named by the value
- of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is truncated, if necessary, to contain no more than the
- number of lines specified by the value of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bES\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE. When the his-
- tory file is read, lines beginning with the history comment character
- followed immediately by a digit are interpreted as timestamps for the
- preceding history line. These timestamps are optionally displayed
- depending on the value of the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bEF\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT variable. When an inter-
- active shell exits, the last $\b$H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTS\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE lines are copied from the his-
+ able H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE (default _\b~_\b/_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\b__\bh_\bi_\bs_\bt_\bo_\br_\by). The file named by the value
+ of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is truncated, if necessary, to contain no more than the
+ number of lines specified by the value of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bES\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE. When the his-
+ tory file is read, lines beginning with the history comment character
+ followed immediately by a digit are interpreted as timestamps for the
+ preceding history line. These timestamps are optionally displayed
+ depending on the value of the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bEF\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT variable. When an inter-
+ active shell exits, the last $\b$H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTS\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE lines are copied from the his-
tory list to $\b$H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE. If the h\bhi\bis\bst\bta\bap\bpp\bpe\ben\bnd\bd shell option is enabled (see
the description of s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below), the lines
- are appended to the history file, otherwise the history file is over-
- written. If H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is unset, or if the history file is unwritable,
- the history is not saved. If the variable is set, time stamps are
+ are appended to the history file, otherwise the history file is over-
+ written. If H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is unset, or if the history file is unwritable,
+ the history is not saved. If the variable is set, time stamps are
written to the history file, marked with the history comment character,
- so they may be preserved across shell sessions. This uses the history
- comment character to distinguish timestamps from other history lines.
- After saving the history, the history file is truncated to contain no
- more than H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bES\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE lines. If H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bES\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE is not set, no trunca-
+ so they may be preserved across shell sessions. This uses the history
+ comment character to distinguish timestamps from other history lines.
+ After saving the history, the history file is truncated to contain no
+ more than H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bES\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE lines. If H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bES\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE is not set, no trunca-
tion is performed.
- The builtin command f\bfc\bc (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below) may be used
+ The builtin command f\bfc\bc (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below) may be used
to list or edit and re-execute a portion of the history list. The h\bhi\bis\bs-\b-
- t\bto\bor\bry\by builtin may be used to display or modify the history list and
- manipulate the history file. When using command-line editing, search
- commands are available in each editing mode that provide access to the
+ t\bto\bor\bry\by builtin may be used to display or modify the history list and
+ manipulate the history file. When using command-line editing, search
+ commands are available in each editing mode that provide access to the
history list.
- The shell allows control over which commands are saved on the history
+ The shell allows control over which commands are saved on the history
list. The H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL and H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE variables may be set to cause the
shell to save only a subset of the commands entered. The c\bcm\bmd\bdh\bhi\bis\bst\bt shell
- option, if enabled, causes the shell to attempt to save each line of a
- multi-line command in the same history entry, adding semicolons where
- necessary to preserve syntactic correctness. The l\bli\bit\bth\bhi\bis\bst\bt shell option
- causes the shell to save the command with embedded newlines instead of
+ option, if enabled, causes the shell to attempt to save each line of a
+ multi-line command in the same history entry, adding semicolons where
+ necessary to preserve syntactic correctness. The l\bli\bit\bth\bhi\bis\bst\bt shell option
+ causes the shell to save the command with embedded newlines instead of
semicolons. See the description of the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin below under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL
B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS for information on setting and unsetting shell
options.
H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN
- The shell supports a history expansion feature that is similar to the
- history expansion in c\bcs\bsh\bh.\b. This section describes what syntax features
- are available. This feature is enabled by default for interactive
+ The shell supports a history expansion feature that is similar to the
+ history expansion in c\bcs\bsh\bh.\b. This section describes what syntax features
+ are available. This feature is enabled by default for interactive
shells, and can be disabled using the +\b+H\bH option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin com-
mand (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below). Non-interactive shells do not
perform history expansion by default.
History expansions introduce words from the history list into the input
- stream, making it easy to repeat commands, insert the arguments to a
+ stream, making it easy to repeat commands, insert the arguments to a
previous command into the current input line, or fix errors in previous
commands quickly.
- History expansion is performed immediately after a complete line is
- read, before the shell breaks it into words. It takes place in two
- parts. The first is to determine which line from the history list to
+ History expansion is performed immediately after a complete line is
+ read, before the shell breaks it into words. It takes place in two
+ parts. The first is to determine which line from the history list to
use during substitution. The second is to select portions of that line
for inclusion into the current one. The line selected from the history
- is the _\be_\bv_\be_\bn_\bt, and the portions of that line that are acted upon are
- _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd_\bs. Various _\bm_\bo_\bd_\bi_\bf_\bi_\be_\br_\bs are available to manipulate the selected
+ is the _\be_\bv_\be_\bn_\bt, and the portions of that line that are acted upon are
+ _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd_\bs. Various _\bm_\bo_\bd_\bi_\bf_\bi_\be_\br_\bs are available to manipulate the selected
words. The line is broken into words in the same fashion as when read-
- ing input, so that several _\bm_\be_\bt_\ba_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\ba_\bc_\bt_\be_\br-separated words surrounded by
- quotes are considered one word. History expansions are introduced by
- the appearance of the history expansion character, which is !\b! by
- default. Only backslash (\\b\) and single quotes can quote the history
+ ing input, so that several _\bm_\be_\bt_\ba_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\ba_\bc_\bt_\be_\br-separated words surrounded by
+ quotes are considered one word. History expansions are introduced by
+ the appearance of the history expansion character, which is !\b! by
+ default. Only backslash (\\b\) and single quotes can quote the history
expansion character.
- Several characters inhibit history expansion if found immediately fol-
- lowing the history expansion character, even if it is unquoted: space,
- tab, newline, carriage return, and =\b=. If the e\bex\bxt\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb shell option is
+ Several characters inhibit history expansion if found immediately fol-
+ lowing the history expansion character, even if it is unquoted: space,
+ tab, newline, carriage return, and =\b=. If the e\bex\bxt\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb shell option is
enabled, (\b( will also inhibit expansion.
- Several shell options settable with the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin may be used to
- tailor the behavior of history expansion. If the h\bhi\bis\bst\btv\bve\ber\bri\bif\bfy\by shell
+ Several shell options settable with the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin may be used to
+ tailor the behavior of history expansion. If the h\bhi\bis\bst\btv\bve\ber\bri\bif\bfy\by shell
option is enabled (see the description of the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin), and r\bre\bea\bad\bd-\b-
l\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, history substitutions are not immediately passed to
- the shell parser. Instead, the expanded line is reloaded into the
+ the shell parser. Instead, the expanded line is reloaded into the
r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be editing buffer for further modification. If r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being
used, and the h\bhi\bis\bst\btr\bre\bee\bed\bdi\bit\bt shell option is enabled, a failed history sub-
stitution will be reloaded into the r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be editing buffer for correc-
- tion. The -\b-p\bp option to the h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by builtin command may be used to see
+ tion. The -\b-p\bp option to the h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by builtin command may be used to see
what a history expansion will do before using it. The -\b-s\bs option to the
- h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by builtin may be used to add commands to the end of the history
- list without actually executing them, so that they are available for
+ h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by builtin may be used to add commands to the end of the history
+ list without actually executing them, so that they are available for
subsequent recall.
- The shell allows control of the various characters used by the history
+ The shell allows control of the various characters used by the history
expansion mechanism (see the description of h\bhi\bis\bst\btc\bch\bha\bar\brs\bs above under S\bSh\bhe\bel\bll\bl
- V\bVa\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\bes\bs). The shell uses the history comment character to mark his-
+ V\bVa\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\bes\bs). The shell uses the history comment character to mark his-
tory timestamps when writing the history file.
E\bEv\bve\ben\bnt\bt D\bDe\bes\bsi\big\bgn\bna\bat\bto\bor\brs\bs
- An event designator is a reference to a command line entry in the his-
+ An event designator is a reference to a command line entry in the his-
tory list.
- !\b! Start a history substitution, except when followed by a b\bbl\bla\ban\bnk\bk,
- newline, carriage return, = or ( (when the e\bex\bxt\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb shell option
+ !\b! Start a history substitution, except when followed by a b\bbl\bla\ban\bnk\bk,
+ newline, carriage return, = or ( (when the e\bex\bxt\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb shell option
is enabled using the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin).
!\b!_\bn Refer to command line _\bn.
!\b!-\b-_\bn Refer to the current command line minus _\bn.
!\b!_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg
Refer to the most recent command starting with _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg.
!\b!?\b?_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg[\b[?\b?]\b]
- Refer to the most recent command containing _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg. The trail-
+ Refer to the most recent command containing _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg. The trail-
ing ?\b? may be omitted if _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg is followed immediately by a new-
line.
^\b^_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b1^\b^_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b2^\b^
- Quick substitution. Repeat the last command, replacing _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b1
+ Quick substitution. Repeat the last command, replacing _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b1
with _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b2. Equivalent to ``!!:s/_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b1/_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b2/'' (see M\bMo\bod\bd-\b-
i\bif\bfi\bie\ber\brs\bs below).
!\b!#\b# The entire command line typed so far.
W\bWo\bor\brd\bd D\bDe\bes\bsi\big\bgn\bna\bat\bto\bor\brs\bs
- Word designators are used to select desired words from the event. A :\b:
- separates the event specification from the word designator. It may be
- omitted if the word designator begins with a ^\b^, $\b$, *\b*, -\b-, or %\b%. Words
- are numbered from the beginning of the line, with the first word being
- denoted by 0 (zero). Words are inserted into the current line sepa-
+ Word designators are used to select desired words from the event. A :\b:
+ separates the event specification from the word designator. It may be
+ omitted if the word designator begins with a ^\b^, $\b$, *\b*, -\b-, or %\b%. Words
+ are numbered from the beginning of the line, with the first word being
+ denoted by 0 (zero). Words are inserted into the current line sepa-
rated by single spaces.
0\b0 (\b(z\bze\ber\bro\bo)\b)
$\b$ The last argument.
%\b% The word matched by the most recent `?_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg?' search.
_\bx-\b-_\by A range of words; `-_\by' abbreviates `0-_\by'.
- *\b* All of the words but the zeroth. This is a synonym for `_\b1_\b-_\b$'.
- It is not an error to use *\b* if there is just one word in the
+ *\b* All of the words but the zeroth. This is a synonym for `_\b1_\b-_\b$'.
+ It is not an error to use *\b* if there is just one word in the
event; the empty string is returned in that case.
x\bx*\b* Abbreviates _\bx_\b-_\b$.
x\bx-\b- Abbreviates _\bx_\b-_\b$ like x\bx*\b*, but omits the last word.
- If a word designator is supplied without an event specification, the
+ If a word designator is supplied without an event specification, the
previous command is used as the event.
M\bMo\bod\bdi\bif\bfi\bie\ber\brs\bs
- After the optional word designator, there may appear a sequence of one
+ After the optional word designator, there may appear a sequence of one
or more of the following modifiers, each preceded by a `:'.
h\bh Remove a trailing file name component, leaving only the head.
e\be Remove all but the trailing suffix.
p\bp Print the new command but do not execute it.
q\bq Quote the substituted words, escaping further substitutions.
- x\bx Quote the substituted words as with q\bq, but break into words at
+ x\bx Quote the substituted words as with q\bq, but break into words at
b\bbl\bla\ban\bnk\bks\bs and newlines.
s\bs/\b/_\bo_\bl_\bd/\b/_\bn_\be_\bw/\b/
- Substitute _\bn_\be_\bw for the first occurrence of _\bo_\bl_\bd in the event
- line. Any delimiter can be used in place of /. The final
- delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the event
- line. The delimiter may be quoted in _\bo_\bl_\bd and _\bn_\be_\bw with a single
- backslash. If & appears in _\bn_\be_\bw, it is replaced by _\bo_\bl_\bd. A sin-
- gle backslash will quote the &. If _\bo_\bl_\bd is null, it is set to
- the last _\bo_\bl_\bd substituted, or, if no previous history substitu-
+ Substitute _\bn_\be_\bw for the first occurrence of _\bo_\bl_\bd in the event
+ line. Any delimiter can be used in place of /. The final
+ delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the event
+ line. The delimiter may be quoted in _\bo_\bl_\bd and _\bn_\be_\bw with a single
+ backslash. If & appears in _\bn_\be_\bw, it is replaced by _\bo_\bl_\bd. A sin-
+ gle backslash will quote the &. If _\bo_\bl_\bd is null, it is set to
+ the last _\bo_\bl_\bd substituted, or, if no previous history substitu-
tions took place, the last _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg in a !\b!?\b?_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg[\b[?\b?]\b] search.
&\b& Repeat the previous substitution.
g\bg Cause changes to be applied over the entire event line. This is
- used in conjunction with `:\b:s\bs' (e.g., `:\b:g\bgs\bs/\b/_\bo_\bl_\bd/\b/_\bn_\be_\bw/\b/') or `:\b:&\b&'.
- If used with `:\b:s\bs', any delimiter can be used in place of /, and
- the final delimiter is optional if it is the last character of
+ used in conjunction with `:\b:s\bs' (e.g., `:\b:g\bgs\bs/\b/_\bo_\bl_\bd/\b/_\bn_\be_\bw/\b/') or `:\b:&\b&'.
+ If used with `:\b:s\bs', any delimiter can be used in place of /, and
+ the final delimiter is optional if it is the last character of
the event line. An a\ba may be used as a synonym for g\bg.
- G\bG Apply the following `s\bs' modifier once to each word in the event
+ G\bG Apply the following `s\bs' modifier once to each word in the event
line.
S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS
Unless otherwise noted, each builtin command documented in this section
as accepting options preceded by -\b- accepts -\b--\b- to signify the end of the
- options. For example, the :\b:, t\btr\bru\bue\be, f\bfa\bal\bls\bse\be, and t\bte\bes\bst\bt builtins do not
+ options. For example, the :\b:, t\btr\bru\bue\be, f\bfa\bal\bls\bse\be, and t\bte\bes\bst\bt builtins do not
accept options.
:\b: [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs]
- No effect; the command does nothing beyond expanding _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs
- and performing any specified redirections. A zero exit code is
+ No effect; the command does nothing beyond expanding _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs
+ and performing any specified redirections. A zero exit code is
returned.
.\b. _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs]
s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs]
- Read and execute commands from _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be in the current shell
- environment and return the exit status of the last command exe-
+ Read and execute commands from _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be in the current shell
+ environment and return the exit status of the last command exe-
cuted from _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be does not contain a slash, file
- names in P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH are used to find the directory containing _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b-
- _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. The file searched for in P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH need not be executable.
- When b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is not in _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be, the current directory is
- searched if no file is found in P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH. If the s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\bep\bpa\bat\bth\bh option
- to the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin command is turned off, the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is not
- searched. If any _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs are supplied, they become the posi-
- tional parameters when _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is executed. Otherwise the
- positional parameters are unchanged. The return status is the
- status of the last command exited within the script (0 if no
- commands are executed), and false if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not found or
+ names in P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH are used to find the directory containing _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b-
+ _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. The file searched for in P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH need not be executable.
+ When b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is not in _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be, the current directory is
+ searched if no file is found in P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH. If the s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\bep\bpa\bat\bth\bh option
+ to the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin command is turned off, the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is not
+ searched. If any _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs are supplied, they become the posi-
+ tional parameters when _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is executed. Otherwise the
+ positional parameters are unchanged. The return status is the
+ status of the last command exited within the script (0 if no
+ commands are executed), and false if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not found or
cannot be read.
a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs [-\b-p\bp] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be] ...]
A\bAl\bli\bia\bas\bs with no arguments or with the -\b-p\bp option prints the list of
- aliases in the form a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be on standard output. When
- arguments are supplied, an alias is defined for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be whose
+ aliases in the form a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be on standard output. When
+ arguments are supplied, an alias is defined for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be whose
_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be is given. A trailing space in _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be causes the next word
to be checked for alias substitution when the alias is expanded.
- For each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be in the argument list for which no _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be is sup-
- plied, the name and value of the alias is printed. A\bAl\bli\bia\bas\bs
- returns true unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is given for which no alias has been
+ For each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be in the argument list for which no _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be is sup-
+ plied, the name and value of the alias is printed. A\bAl\bli\bia\bas\bs
+ returns true unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is given for which no alias has been
defined.
b\bbg\bg [_\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc ...]
- Resume each suspended job _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc in the background, as if it
+ Resume each suspended job _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc in the background, as if it
had been started with &\b&. If _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not present, the shell's
- notion of the _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb is used. b\bbg\bg _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc returns 0 unless
- run when job control is disabled or, when run with job control
- enabled, any specified _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc was not found or was started
+ notion of the _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb is used. b\bbg\bg _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc returns 0 unless
+ run when job control is disabled or, when run with job control
+ enabled, any specified _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc was not found or was started
without job control.
b\bbi\bin\bnd\bd [-\b-m\bm _\bk_\be_\by_\bm_\ba_\bp] [-\b-l\blp\bps\bsv\bvP\bPS\bSV\bV]
b\bbi\bin\bnd\bd [-\b-m\bm _\bk_\be_\by_\bm_\ba_\bp] -\b-x\bx _\bk_\be_\by_\bs_\be_\bq:_\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd
b\bbi\bin\bnd\bd [-\b-m\bm _\bk_\be_\by_\bm_\ba_\bp] _\bk_\be_\by_\bs_\be_\bq:_\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
b\bbi\bin\bnd\bd _\br_\be_\ba_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd
- Display current r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be key and function bindings, bind a key
- sequence to a r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be function or macro, or set a r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be
- variable. Each non-option argument is a command as it would
- appear in _\b._\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc, but each binding or command must be passed
- as a separate argument; e.g., '"\C-x\C-r": re-read-init-file'.
+ Display current r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be key and function bindings, bind a key
+ sequence to a r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be function or macro, or set a r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be
+ variable. Each non-option argument is a command as it would
+ appear in _\b._\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc, but each binding or command must be passed
+ as a separate argument; e.g., '"\C-x\C-r": re-read-init-file'.
Options, if supplied, have the following meanings:
-\b-m\bm _\bk_\be_\by_\bm_\ba_\bp
Use _\bk_\be_\by_\bm_\ba_\bp as the keymap to be affected by the subsequent
bindings. Acceptable _\bk_\be_\by_\bm_\ba_\bp names are _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b, _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bs_\bt_\ba_\bn_\b-
- _\bd_\ba_\br_\bd_\b, _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bm_\be_\bt_\ba_\b, _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bc_\bt_\bl_\bx_\b, _\bv_\bi_\b, _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bm_\bo_\bv_\be_\b, _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd,
- and _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bi_\bn_\bs_\be_\br_\bt. _\bv_\bi is equivalent to _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd; _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs is
+ _\bd_\ba_\br_\bd_\b, _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bm_\be_\bt_\ba_\b, _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bc_\bt_\bl_\bx_\b, _\bv_\bi_\b, _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bm_\bo_\bv_\be_\b, _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd,
+ and _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bi_\bn_\bs_\be_\br_\bt. _\bv_\bi is equivalent to _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd; _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs is
equivalent to _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bs_\bt_\ba_\bn_\bd_\ba_\br_\bd.
-\b-l\bl List the names of all r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be functions.
- -\b-p\bp Display r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be function names and bindings in such a
+ -\b-p\bp Display r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be function names and bindings in such a
way that they can be re-read.
-\b-P\bP List current r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be function names and bindings.
- -\b-s\bs Display r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be key sequences bound to macros and the
- strings they output in such a way that they can be re-
+ -\b-s\bs Display r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be key sequences bound to macros and the
+ strings they output in such a way that they can be re-
read.
- -\b-S\bS Display r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be key sequences bound to macros and the
+ -\b-S\bS Display r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be key sequences bound to macros and the
strings they output.
- -\b-v\bv Display r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be variable names and values in such a way
+ -\b-v\bv Display r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be variable names and values in such a way
that they can be re-read.
-\b-V\bV List current r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be variable names and values.
-\b-f\bf _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
-\b-r\br _\bk_\be_\by_\bs_\be_\bq
Remove any current binding for _\bk_\be_\by_\bs_\be_\bq.
-\b-x\bx _\bk_\be_\by_\bs_\be_\bq:\b:_\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd
- Cause _\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd to be executed whenever _\bk_\be_\by_\bs_\be_\bq is
+ Cause _\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd to be executed whenever _\bk_\be_\by_\bs_\be_\bq is
entered.
- The return value is 0 unless an unrecognized option is given or
+ The return value is 0 unless an unrecognized option is given or
an error occurred.
b\bbr\bre\bea\bak\bk [_\bn]
- Exit from within a f\bfo\bor\br, w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be, u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl, or s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt loop. If _\bn is
- specified, break _\bn levels. _\bn must be >= 1. If _\bn is greater
- than the number of enclosing loops, all enclosing loops are
+ Exit from within a f\bfo\bor\br, w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be, u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl, or s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt loop. If _\bn is
+ specified, break _\bn levels. _\bn must be >= 1. If _\bn is greater
+ than the number of enclosing loops, all enclosing loops are
exited. The return value is 0 unless the shell is not executing
a loop when b\bbr\bre\bea\bak\bk is executed.
b\bbu\bui\bil\blt\bti\bin\bn _\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl_\b-_\bb_\bu_\bi_\bl_\bt_\bi_\bn [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs]
- Execute the specified shell builtin, passing it _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs, and
+ Execute the specified shell builtin, passing it _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs, and
return its exit status. This is useful when defining a function
- whose name is the same as a shell builtin, retaining the func-
+ whose name is the same as a shell builtin, retaining the func-
tionality of the builtin within the function. The c\bcd\bd builtin is
- commonly redefined this way. The return status is false if
+ commonly redefined this way. The return status is false if
_\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl_\b-_\bb_\bu_\bi_\bl_\bt_\bi_\bn is not a shell builtin command.
c\bcd\bd [-\b-L\bL|\b|-\b-P\bP] [_\bd_\bi_\br]
- Change the current directory to _\bd_\bi_\br. The variable H\bHO\bOM\bME\bE is the
- default _\bd_\bi_\br. The variable C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH defines the search path for
- the directory containing _\bd_\bi_\br. Alternative directory names in
- C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH are separated by a colon (:). A null directory name in
- C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is the same as the current directory, i.e., ``.\b.''. If
- _\bd_\bi_\br begins with a slash (/), then C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is not used. The -\b-P\bP
- option says to use the physical directory structure instead of
- following symbolic links (see also the -\b-P\bP option to the s\bse\bet\bt
+ Change the current directory to _\bd_\bi_\br. The variable H\bHO\bOM\bME\bE is the
+ default _\bd_\bi_\br. The variable C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH defines the search path for
+ the directory containing _\bd_\bi_\br. Alternative directory names in
+ C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH are separated by a colon (:). A null directory name in
+ C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is the same as the current directory, i.e., ``.\b.''. If
+ _\bd_\bi_\br begins with a slash (/), then C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is not used. The -\b-P\bP
+ option says to use the physical directory structure instead of
+ following symbolic links (see also the -\b-P\bP option to the s\bse\bet\bt
builtin command); the -\b-L\bL option forces symbolic links to be fol-
- lowed. An argument of -\b- is equivalent to $\b$O\bOL\bLD\bDP\bPW\bWD\bD. If a non-
- empty directory name from C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is used, or if -\b- is the first
- argument, and the directory change is successful, the absolute
+ lowed. An argument of -\b- is equivalent to $\b$O\bOL\bLD\bDP\bPW\bWD\bD. If a non-
+ empty directory name from C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is used, or if -\b- is the first
+ argument, and the directory change is successful, the absolute
pathname of the new working directory is written to the standard
- output. The return value is true if the directory was success-
+ output. The return value is true if the directory was success-
fully changed; false otherwise.
c\bca\bal\bll\ble\ber\br [_\be_\bx_\bp_\br]
Returns the context of any active subroutine call (a shell func-
- tion or a script executed with the .\b. or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be builtins. With-
+ tion or a script executed with the .\b. or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be builtins. With-
out _\be_\bx_\bp_\br, c\bca\bal\bll\ble\ber\br displays the line number and source filename of
- the current subroutine call. If a non-negative integer is sup-
+ the current subroutine call. If a non-negative integer is sup-
plied as _\be_\bx_\bp_\br, c\bca\bal\bll\ble\ber\br displays the line number, subroutine name,
- and source file corresponding to that position in the current
- execution call stack. This extra information may be used, for
- example, to print a stack trace. The current frame is frame 0.
- The return value is 0 unless the shell is not executing a sub-
- routine call or _\be_\bx_\bp_\br does not correspond to a valid position in
+ and source file corresponding to that position in the current
+ execution call stack. This extra information may be used, for
+ example, to print a stack trace. The current frame is frame 0.
+ The return value is 0 unless the shell is not executing a sub-
+ routine call or _\be_\bx_\bp_\br does not correspond to a valid position in
the call stack.
c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd [-\b-p\bpV\bVv\bv] _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
- Run _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd with _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs suppressing the normal shell function
- lookup. Only builtin commands or commands found in the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH are
- executed. If the -\b-p\bp option is given, the search for _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is
- performed using a default value for P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH that is guaranteed to
- find all of the standard utilities. If either the -\b-V\bV or -\b-v\bv
+ Run _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd with _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs suppressing the normal shell function
+ lookup. Only builtin commands or commands found in the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH are
+ executed. If the -\b-p\bp option is given, the search for _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is
+ performed using a default value for P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH that is guaranteed to
+ find all of the standard utilities. If either the -\b-V\bV or -\b-v\bv
option is supplied, a description of _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is printed. The -\b-v\bv
- option causes a single word indicating the command or file name
+ option causes a single word indicating the command or file name
used to invoke _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd to be displayed; the -\b-V\bV option produces a
- more verbose description. If the -\b-V\bV or -\b-v\bv option is supplied,
- the exit status is 0 if _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd was found, and 1 if not. If
+ more verbose description. If the -\b-V\bV or -\b-v\bv option is supplied,
+ the exit status is 0 if _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd was found, and 1 if not. If
neither option is supplied and an error occurred or _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd can-
- not be found, the exit status is 127. Otherwise, the exit sta-
+ not be found, the exit status is 127. Otherwise, the exit sta-
tus of the c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd builtin is the exit status of _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpg\bge\ben\bn [_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd]
- Generate possible completion matches for _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd according to the
- _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bns, which may be any option accepted by the c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be
- builtin with the exception of -\b-p\bp and -\b-r\br, and write the matches
- to the standard output. When using the -\b-F\bF or -\b-C\bC options, the
- various shell variables set by the programmable completion
+ Generate possible completion matches for _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd according to the
+ _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bns, which may be any option accepted by the c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be
+ builtin with the exception of -\b-p\bp and -\b-r\br, and write the matches
+ to the standard output. When using the -\b-F\bF or -\b-C\bC options, the
+ various shell variables set by the programmable completion
facilities, while available, will not have useful values.
- The matches will be generated in the same way as if the pro-
- grammable completion code had generated them directly from a
+ The matches will be generated in the same way as if the pro-
+ grammable completion code had generated them directly from a
completion specification with the same flags. If _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is speci-
fied, only those completions matching _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd will be displayed.
- The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied,
+ The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied,
or no matches were generated.
- c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be [-\b-a\bab\bbc\bcd\bde\bef\bfg\bgj\bjk\bks\bsu\buv\bv] [-\b-o\bo _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\b-_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [-\b-A\bA _\ba_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [-\b-G\bG _\bg_\bl_\bo_\bb_\bp_\ba_\bt] [-\b-W\bW
+ c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be [-\b-a\bab\bbc\bcd\bde\bef\bfg\bgj\bjk\bks\bsu\buv\bv] [-\b-o\bo _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\b-_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [-\b-A\bA _\ba_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [-\b-G\bG _\bg_\bl_\bo_\bb_\bp_\ba_\bt] [-\b-W\bW
_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt] [-\b-F\bF _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [-\b-C\bC _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd]
[-\b-X\bX _\bf_\bi_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bp_\ba_\bt] [-\b-P\bP _\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx] [-\b-S\bS _\bs_\bu_\bf_\bf_\bi_\bx] _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be _\b._\b._\b.]
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be -\b-p\bpr\br [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- Specify how arguments to each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be should be completed. If the
- -\b-p\bp option is supplied, or if no options are supplied, existing
- completion specifications are printed in a way that allows them
+ Specify how arguments to each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be should be completed. If the
+ -\b-p\bp option is supplied, or if no options are supplied, existing
+ completion specifications are printed in a way that allows them
to be reused as input. The -\b-r\br option removes a completion spec-
- ification for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, or, if no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes are supplied, all com-
+ ification for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, or, if no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes are supplied, all com-
pletion specifications.
- The process of applying these completion specifications when
- word completion is attempted is described above under P\bPr\bro\bo-\b-
+ The process of applying these completion specifications when
+ word completion is attempted is described above under P\bPr\bro\bo-\b-
g\bgr\bra\bam\bmm\bma\bab\bbl\ble\be C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn.
- Other options, if specified, have the following meanings. The
- arguments to the -\b-G\bG, -\b-W\bW, and -\b-X\bX options (and, if necessary, the
- -\b-P\bP and -\b-S\bS options) should be quoted to protect them from expan-
+ Other options, if specified, have the following meanings. The
+ arguments to the -\b-G\bG, -\b-W\bW, and -\b-X\bX options (and, if necessary, the
+ -\b-P\bP and -\b-S\bS options) should be quoted to protect them from expan-
sion before the c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be builtin is invoked.
-\b-o\bo _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\b-_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn
- The _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\b-_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn controls several aspects of the comp-
- spec's behavior beyond the simple generation of comple-
+ The _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\b-_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn controls several aspects of the comp-
+ spec's behavior beyond the simple generation of comple-
tions. _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\b-_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn may be one of:
b\bba\bas\bsh\bhd\bde\bef\bfa\bau\bul\blt\bt
Perform the rest of the default b\bba\bas\bsh\bh completions
if the compspec generates no matches.
- d\bde\bef\bfa\bau\bul\blt\bt Use readline's default filename completion if
+ d\bde\bef\bfa\bau\bul\blt\bt Use readline's default filename completion if
the compspec generates no matches.
d\bdi\bir\brn\bna\bam\bme\bes\bs
- Perform directory name completion if the comp-
+ Perform directory name completion if the comp-
spec generates no matches.
f\bfi\bil\ble\ben\bna\bam\bme\bes\bs
- Tell readline that the compspec generates file-
- names, so it can perform any filename-specific
- processing (like adding a slash to directory
+ Tell readline that the compspec generates file-
+ names, so it can perform any filename-specific
+ processing (like adding a slash to directory
names or suppressing trailing spaces). Intended
to be used with shell functions.
- n\bno\bos\bsp\bpa\bac\bce\be Tell readline not to append a space (the
- default) to words completed at the end of the
+ n\bno\bos\bsp\bpa\bac\bce\be Tell readline not to append a space (the
+ default) to words completed at the end of the
line.
p\bpl\blu\bus\bsd\bdi\bir\brs\bs
- After any matches defined by the compspec are
- generated, directory name completion is
- attempted and any matches are added to the
+ After any matches defined by the compspec are
+ generated, directory name completion is
+ attempted and any matches are added to the
results of the other actions.
-\b-A\bA _\ba_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn
- The _\ba_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn may be one of the following to generate a
+ The _\ba_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn may be one of the following to generate a
list of possible completions:
a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs Alias names. May also be specified as -\b-a\ba.
a\bar\brr\bra\bay\byv\bva\bar\br
Array variable names.
b\bbi\bin\bnd\bdi\bin\bng\bg R\bRe\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be key binding names.
- b\bbu\bui\bil\blt\bti\bin\bn Names of shell builtin commands. May also be
+ b\bbu\bui\bil\blt\bti\bin\bn Names of shell builtin commands. May also be
specified as -\b-b\bb.
c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd Command names. May also be specified as -\b-c\bc.
d\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bto\bor\bry\by
d\bdi\bis\bsa\bab\bbl\ble\bed\bd
Names of disabled shell builtins.
e\ben\bna\bab\bbl\ble\bed\bd Names of enabled shell builtins.
- e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt Names of exported shell variables. May also be
+ e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt Names of exported shell variables. May also be
specified as -\b-e\be.
f\bfi\bil\ble\be File names. May also be specified as -\b-f\bf.
f\bfu\bun\bnc\bct\bti\bio\bon\bn
h\bhe\bel\blp\bpt\bto\bop\bpi\bic\bc
Help topics as accepted by the h\bhe\bel\blp\bp builtin.
h\bho\bos\bst\btn\bna\bam\bme\be
- Hostnames, as taken from the file specified by
+ Hostnames, as taken from the file specified by
the H\bHO\bOS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE shell variable.
- j\bjo\bob\bb Job names, if job control is active. May also
+ j\bjo\bob\bb Job names, if job control is active. May also
be specified as -\b-j\bj.
- k\bke\bey\byw\bwo\bor\brd\bd Shell reserved words. May also be specified as
+ k\bke\bey\byw\bwo\bor\brd\bd Shell reserved words. May also be specified as
-\b-k\bk.
r\bru\bun\bnn\bni\bin\bng\bg Names of running jobs, if job control is active.
s\bse\ber\brv\bvi\bic\bce\be Service names. May also be specified as -\b-s\bs.
- s\bse\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bt Valid arguments for the -\b-o\bo option to the s\bse\bet\bt
+ s\bse\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bt Valid arguments for the -\b-o\bo option to the s\bse\bet\bt
builtin.
- s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt Shell option names as accepted by the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt
+ s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt Shell option names as accepted by the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt
builtin.
s\bsi\big\bgn\bna\bal\bl Signal names.
s\bst\bto\bop\bpp\bpe\bed\bd Names of stopped jobs, if job control is active.
Names of all shell variables. May also be spec-
ified as -\b-v\bv.
-\b-G\bG _\bg_\bl_\bo_\bb_\bp_\ba_\bt
- The filename expansion pattern _\bg_\bl_\bo_\bb_\bp_\ba_\bt is expanded to
+ The filename expansion pattern _\bg_\bl_\bo_\bb_\bp_\ba_\bt is expanded to
generate the possible completions.
-\b-W\bW _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt
- The _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is split using the characters in the I\bIF\bFS\bS
- special variable as delimiters, and each resultant word
- is expanded. The possible completions are the members
- of the resultant list which match the word being com-
+ The _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is split using the characters in the I\bIF\bFS\bS
+ special variable as delimiters, and each resultant word
+ is expanded. The possible completions are the members
+ of the resultant list which match the word being com-
pleted.
-\b-C\bC _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd
- _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is executed in a subshell environment, and its
+ _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is executed in a subshell environment, and its
output is used as the possible completions.
-\b-F\bF _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn
- The shell function _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn is executed in the current
- shell environment. When it finishes, the possible com-
- pletions are retrieved from the value of the C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bPR\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY
+ The shell function _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn is executed in the current
+ shell environment. When it finishes, the possible com-
+ pletions are retrieved from the value of the C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bPR\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY
array variable.
-\b-X\bX _\bf_\bi_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bp_\ba_\bt
- _\bf_\bi_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bp_\ba_\bt is a pattern as used for filename expansion.
+ _\bf_\bi_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bp_\ba_\bt is a pattern as used for filename expansion.
It is applied to the list of possible completions gener-
- ated by the preceding options and arguments, and each
- completion matching _\bf_\bi_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bp_\ba_\bt is removed from the list.
- A leading !\b! in _\bf_\bi_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bp_\ba_\bt negates the pattern; in this
- case, any completion not matching _\bf_\bi_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bp_\ba_\bt is removed.
+ ated by the preceding options and arguments, and each
+ completion matching _\bf_\bi_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bp_\ba_\bt is removed from the list.
+ A leading !\b! in _\bf_\bi_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bp_\ba_\bt negates the pattern; in this
+ case, any completion not matching _\bf_\bi_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bp_\ba_\bt is removed.
-\b-P\bP _\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx
- _\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx is added at the beginning of each possible com-
+ _\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx is added at the beginning of each possible com-
pletion after all other options have been applied.
-\b-S\bS _\bs_\bu_\bf_\bf_\bi_\bx
_\bs_\bu_\bf_\bf_\bi_\bx is appended to each possible completion after all
other options have been applied.
- The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied,
- an option other than -\b-p\bp or -\b-r\br is supplied without a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be argu-
- ment, an attempt is made to remove a completion specification
+ The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied,
+ an option other than -\b-p\bp or -\b-r\br is supplied without a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be argu-
+ ment, an attempt is made to remove a completion specification
for a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be for which no specification exists, or an error occurs
adding a completion specification.
c\bco\bon\bnt\bti\bin\bnu\bue\be [_\bn]
Resume the next iteration of the enclosing f\bfo\bor\br, w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be, u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl, or
- s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt loop. If _\bn is specified, resume at the _\bnth enclosing
- loop. _\bn must be >= 1. If _\bn is greater than the number of
- enclosing loops, the last enclosing loop (the ``top-level''
+ s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt loop. If _\bn is specified, resume at the _\bnth enclosing
+ loop. _\bn must be >= 1. If _\bn is greater than the number of
+ enclosing loops, the last enclosing loop (the ``top-level''
loop) is resumed. The return value is 0 unless the shell is not
executing a loop when c\bco\bon\bnt\bti\bin\bnu\bue\be is executed.
d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be [-\b-a\baf\bfF\bFi\bir\brt\btx\bx] [-\b-p\bp] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be] ...]
t\bty\byp\bpe\bes\bse\bet\bt [-\b-a\baf\bfF\bFi\bir\brt\btx\bx] [-\b-p\bp] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be] ...]
- Declare variables and/or give them attributes. If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes are
- given then display the values of variables. The -\b-p\bp option will
- display the attributes and values of each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. When -\b-p\bp is
- used, additional options are ignored. The -\b-F\bF option inhibits
- the display of function definitions; only the function name and
+ Declare variables and/or give them attributes. If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes are
+ given then display the values of variables. The -\b-p\bp option will
+ display the attributes and values of each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. When -\b-p\bp is
+ used, additional options are ignored. The -\b-F\bF option inhibits
+ the display of function definitions; only the function name and
attributes are printed. If the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg shell option is enabled
- using s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt, the source file name and line number where the
- function is defined are displayed as well. The -\b-F\bF option
- implies -\b-f\bf. The following options can be used to restrict out-
- put to variables with the specified attribute or to give vari-
+ using s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt, the source file name and line number where the
+ function is defined are displayed as well. The -\b-F\bF option
+ implies -\b-f\bf. The following options can be used to restrict out-
+ put to variables with the specified attribute or to give vari-
ables attributes:
-\b-a\ba Each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is an array variable (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs above).
-\b-f\bf Use function names only.
-\b-i\bi The variable is treated as an integer; arithmetic evalua-
- tion (see A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bHM\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN )\b) is performed when the
+ tion (see A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bHM\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN )\b) is performed when the
variable is assigned a value.
-\b-r\br Make _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes readonly. These names cannot then be assigned
values by subsequent assignment statements or unset.
- -\b-t\bt Give each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be the _\bt_\br_\ba_\bc_\be attribute. Traced functions
- inherit the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN traps from the calling
- shell. The trace attribute has no special meaning for
+ -\b-t\bt Give each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be the _\bt_\br_\ba_\bc_\be attribute. Traced functions
+ inherit the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN traps from the calling
+ shell. The trace attribute has no special meaning for
variables.
- -\b-x\bx Mark _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes for export to subsequent commands via the
+ -\b-x\bx Mark _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes for export to subsequent commands via the
environment.
- Using `+' instead of `-' turns off the attribute instead, with
+ Using `+' instead of `-' turns off the attribute instead, with
the exceptions that +\b+a\ba may not be used to destroy an array vari-
- able and +\b+r\br w\bwi\bil\bll\bl n\bno\bot\bt r\bre\bem\bmo\bov\bve\be t\bth\bhe\be r\bre\bea\bad\bdo\bon\bnl\bly\by a\bat\btt\btr\bri\bib\bbu\but\bte\be.\b. W\bWh\bhe\ben\bn u\bus\bse\bed\bd
+ able and +\b+r\br w\bwi\bil\bll\bl n\bno\bot\bt r\bre\bem\bmo\bov\bve\be t\bth\bhe\be r\bre\bea\bad\bdo\bon\bnl\bly\by a\bat\btt\btr\bri\bib\bbu\but\bte\be.\b. W\bWh\bhe\ben\bn u\bus\bse\bed\bd
i\bin\bn a\ba f\bfu\bun\bnc\bct\bti\bio\bon\bn,\b, m\bma\bak\bke\bes\bs e\bea\bac\bch\bh _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl,\b, a\bas\bs w\bwi\bit\bth\bh t\bth\bhe\be l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl command.
If a variable name is followed by =_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be, the value of the vari-
- able is set to _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be. The return value is 0 unless an invalid
- option is encountered, an attempt is made to define a function
- using ``-f foo=bar'', an attempt is made to assign a value to a
- readonly variable, an attempt is made to assign a value to an
+ able is set to _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be. The return value is 0 unless an invalid
+ option is encountered, an attempt is made to define a function
+ using ``-f foo=bar'', an attempt is made to assign a value to a
+ readonly variable, an attempt is made to assign a value to an
array variable without using the compound assignment syntax (see
- A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs above), one of the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs is not a valid shell variable
+ A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs above), one of the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs is not a valid shell variable
name, an attempt is made to turn off readonly status for a read-
- only variable, an attempt is made to turn off array status for
- an array variable, or an attempt is made to display a non-exis-
+ only variable, an attempt is made to turn off array status for
+ an array variable, or an attempt is made to display a non-exis-
tent function with -\b-f\bf.
d\bdi\bir\brs\bs [\b[+\b+_\bn]\b] [\b[-\b-_\bn]\b] [\b[-\b-c\bcp\bpl\blv\bv]\b]
- Without options, displays the list of currently remembered
- directories. The default display is on a single line with
- directory names separated by spaces. Directories are added to
- the list with the p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd command; the p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd command removes
+ Without options, displays the list of currently remembered
+ directories. The default display is on a single line with
+ directory names separated by spaces. Directories are added to
+ the list with the p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd command; the p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd command removes
entries from the list.
+\b+_\bn Displays the _\bnth entry counting from the left of the list
shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs when invoked without options, starting with
zero.
- -\b-_\bn Displays the _\bnth entry counting from the right of the
+ -\b-_\bn Displays the _\bnth entry counting from the right of the
list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs when invoked without options, starting
with zero.
-\b-c\bc Clears the directory stack by deleting all of the
entries.
- -\b-l\bl Produces a longer listing; the default listing format
+ -\b-l\bl Produces a longer listing; the default listing format
uses a tilde to denote the home directory.
-\b-p\bp Print the directory stack with one entry per line.
- -\b-v\bv Print the directory stack with one entry per line, pre-
+ -\b-v\bv Print the directory stack with one entry per line, pre-
fixing each entry with its index in the stack.
- The return value is 0 unless an invalid option is supplied or _\bn
+ The return value is 0 unless an invalid option is supplied or _\bn
indexes beyond the end of the directory stack.
d\bdi\bis\bso\bow\bwn\bn [-\b-a\bar\br] [-\b-h\bh] [_\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc ...]
- Without options, each _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is removed from the table of
- active jobs. If _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not present, and neither -\b-a\ba n\bno\bor\br -\b-r\br
- i\bis\bs s\bsu\bup\bpp\bpl\bli\bie\bed\bd,\b, t\bth\bhe\be s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl'\b's\bs n\bno\bot\bti\bio\bon\bn o\bof\bf t\bth\bhe\be _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb i\bis\bs u\bus\bse\bed\bd.\b. I\bIf\bf
+ Without options, each _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is removed from the table of
+ active jobs. If _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not present, and neither -\b-a\ba n\bno\bor\br -\b-r\br
+ i\bis\bs s\bsu\bup\bpp\bpl\bli\bie\bed\bd,\b, t\bth\bhe\be s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl'\b's\bs n\bno\bot\bti\bio\bon\bn o\bof\bf t\bth\bhe\be _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb i\bis\bs u\bus\bse\bed\bd.\b. I\bIf\bf
t\bth\bhe\be -\b-h\bh o\bop\bpt\bti\bio\bon\bn i\bis\bs g\bgi\biv\bve\ben\bn,\b, e\bea\bac\bch\bh _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not removed from the ta-
- ble, but is marked so that S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP is not sent to the job if the
- shell receives a S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP. If no _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is present, and neither
- the -\b-a\ba nor the -\b-r\br option is supplied, the _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb is used.
+ ble, but is marked so that S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP is not sent to the job if the
+ shell receives a S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP. If no _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is present, and neither
+ the -\b-a\ba nor the -\b-r\br option is supplied, the _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb is used.
If no _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is supplied, the -\b-a\ba option means to remove or mark
- all jobs; the -\b-r\br option without a _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc argument restricts
- operation to running jobs. The return value is 0 unless a _\bj_\bo_\bb_\b-
+ all jobs; the -\b-r\br option without a _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc argument restricts
+ operation to running jobs. The return value is 0 unless a _\bj_\bo_\bb_\b-
_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc does not specify a valid job.
e\bec\bch\bho\bo [-\b-n\bne\beE\bE] [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
- Output the _\ba_\br_\bgs, separated by spaces, followed by a newline.
+ Output the _\ba_\br_\bgs, separated by spaces, followed by a newline.
The return status is always 0. If -\b-n\bn is specified, the trailing
- newline is suppressed. If the -\b-e\be option is given, interpreta-
- tion of the following backslash-escaped characters is enabled.
- The -\b-E\bE option disables the interpretation of these escape char-
- acters, even on systems where they are interpreted by default.
- The x\bxp\bpg\bg_\b_e\bec\bch\bho\bo shell option may be used to dynamically determine
- whether or not e\bec\bch\bho\bo expands these escape characters by default.
- e\bec\bch\bho\bo does not interpret -\b--\b- to mean the end of options. e\bec\bch\bho\bo
+ newline is suppressed. If the -\b-e\be option is given, interpreta-
+ tion of the following backslash-escaped characters is enabled.
+ The -\b-E\bE option disables the interpretation of these escape char-
+ acters, even on systems where they are interpreted by default.
+ The x\bxp\bpg\bg_\b_e\bec\bch\bho\bo shell option may be used to dynamically determine
+ whether or not e\bec\bch\bho\bo expands these escape characters by default.
+ e\bec\bch\bho\bo does not interpret -\b--\b- to mean the end of options. e\bec\bch\bho\bo
interprets the following escape sequences:
\\b\a\ba alert (bell)
\\b\b\bb backspace
\\b\t\bt horizontal tab
\\b\v\bv vertical tab
\\b\\\b\ backslash
- \\b\0\b0_\bn_\bn_\bn the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value
+ \\b\0\b0_\bn_\bn_\bn the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value
_\bn_\bn_\bn (zero to three octal digits)
- \\b\x\bx_\bH_\bH the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal
+ \\b\x\bx_\bH_\bH the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal
value _\bH_\bH (one or two hex digits)
e\ben\bna\bab\bbl\ble\be [-\b-a\ba] [-\b-d\bdn\bnp\bps\bs] [-\b-f\bf _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- Enable and disable builtin shell commands. Disabling a builtin
+ Enable and disable builtin shell commands. Disabling a builtin
allows a disk command which has the same name as a shell builtin
- to be executed without specifying a full pathname, even though
- the shell normally searches for builtins before disk commands.
- If -\b-n\bn is used, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is disabled; otherwise, _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are
+ to be executed without specifying a full pathname, even though
+ the shell normally searches for builtins before disk commands.
+ If -\b-n\bn is used, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is disabled; otherwise, _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are
enabled. For example, to use the t\bte\bes\bst\bt binary found via the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH
- instead of the shell builtin version, run ``enable -n test''.
- The -\b-f\bf option means to load the new builtin command _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be from
+ instead of the shell builtin version, run ``enable -n test''.
+ The -\b-f\bf option means to load the new builtin command _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be from
shared object _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, on systems that support dynamic loading.
- The -\b-d\bd option will delete a builtin previously loaded with -\b-f\bf.
+ The -\b-d\bd option will delete a builtin previously loaded with -\b-f\bf.
If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given, or if the -\b-p\bp option is supplied,
a list of shell builtins is printed. With no other option argu-
- ments, the list consists of all enabled shell builtins. If -\b-n\bn
- is supplied, only disabled builtins are printed. If -\b-a\ba is sup-
- plied, the list printed includes all builtins, with an indica-
- tion of whether or not each is enabled. If -\b-s\bs is supplied, the
- output is restricted to the POSIX _\bs_\bp_\be_\bc_\bi_\ba_\bl builtins. The return
- value is 0 unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a shell builtin or there is an
+ ments, the list consists of all enabled shell builtins. If -\b-n\bn
+ is supplied, only disabled builtins are printed. If -\b-a\ba is sup-
+ plied, the list printed includes all builtins, with an indica-
+ tion of whether or not each is enabled. If -\b-s\bs is supplied, the
+ output is restricted to the POSIX _\bs_\bp_\be_\bc_\bi_\ba_\bl builtins. The return
+ value is 0 unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a shell builtin or there is an
error loading a new builtin from a shared object.
e\bev\bva\bal\bl [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
- The _\ba_\br_\bgs are read and concatenated together into a single com-
- mand. This command is then read and executed by the shell, and
- its exit status is returned as the value of e\bev\bva\bal\bl. If there are
+ The _\ba_\br_\bgs are read and concatenated together into a single com-
+ mand. This command is then read and executed by the shell, and
+ its exit status is returned as the value of e\bev\bva\bal\bl. If there are
no _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs, or only null arguments, e\bev\bva\bal\bl returns 0.
e\bex\bxe\bec\bc [-\b-c\bcl\bl] [-\b-a\ba _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs]]
- If _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is specified, it replaces the shell. No new process
- is created. The _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs become the arguments to _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd. If
+ If _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is specified, it replaces the shell. No new process
+ is created. The _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs become the arguments to _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd. If
the -\b-l\bl option is supplied, the shell places a dash at the begin-
- ning of the zeroth argument passed to _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd. This is what
+ ning of the zeroth argument passed to _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd. This is what
_\bl_\bo_\bg_\bi_\bn(1) does. The -\b-c\bc option causes _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd to be executed with
- an empty environment. If -\b-a\ba is supplied, the shell passes _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
+ an empty environment. If -\b-a\ba is supplied, the shell passes _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
as the zeroth argument to the executed command. If _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd can-
- not be executed for some reason, a non-interactive shell exits,
- unless the shell option e\bex\bxe\bec\bcf\bfa\bai\bil\bl is enabled, in which case it
- returns failure. An interactive shell returns failure if the
+ not be executed for some reason, a non-interactive shell exits,
+ unless the shell option e\bex\bxe\bec\bcf\bfa\bai\bil\bl is enabled, in which case it
+ returns failure. An interactive shell returns failure if the
file cannot be executed. If _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is not specified, any redi-
rections take effect in the current shell, and the return status
- is 0. If there is a redirection error, the return status is 1.
+ is 0. If there is a redirection error, the return status is 1.
e\bex\bxi\bit\bt [_\bn]
- Cause the shell to exit with a status of _\bn. If _\bn is omitted,
+ Cause the shell to exit with a status of _\bn. If _\bn is omitted,
the exit status is that of the last command executed. A trap on
E\bEX\bXI\bIT\bT is executed before the shell terminates.
e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt [-\b-f\bfn\bn] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd]] ...
e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt -\b-p\bp
- The supplied _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are marked for automatic export to the envi-
- ronment of subsequently executed commands. If the -\b-f\bf option is
- given, the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs refer to functions. If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are given, or
- if the -\b-p\bp option is supplied, a list of all names that are
- exported in this shell is printed. The -\b-n\bn option causes the
- export property to be removed from each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If a variable
- name is followed by =_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, the value of the variable is set to
- _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd. e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt returns an exit status of 0 unless an invalid
- option is encountered, one of the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs is not a valid shell
+ The supplied _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are marked for automatic export to the envi-
+ ronment of subsequently executed commands. If the -\b-f\bf option is
+ given, the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs refer to functions. If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are given, or
+ if the -\b-p\bp option is supplied, a list of all names that are
+ exported in this shell is printed. The -\b-n\bn option causes the
+ export property to be removed from each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If a variable
+ name is followed by =_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, the value of the variable is set to
+ _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd. e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt returns an exit status of 0 unless an invalid
+ option is encountered, one of the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs is not a valid shell
variable name, or -\b-f\bf is supplied with a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be that is not a func-
tion.
f\bfc\bc [-\b-e\be _\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [-\b-l\bln\bnr\br] [_\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt] [_\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt]
f\bfc\bc -\b-s\bs [_\bp_\ba_\bt=_\br_\be_\bp] [_\bc_\bm_\bd]
- Fix Command. In the first form, a range of commands from _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt
- to _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt is selected from the history list. _\bF_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt and _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt may
- be specified as a string (to locate the last command beginning
- with that string) or as a number (an index into the history
+ Fix Command. In the first form, a range of commands from _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt
+ to _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt is selected from the history list. _\bF_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt and _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt may
+ be specified as a string (to locate the last command beginning
+ with that string) or as a number (an index into the history
list, where a negative number is used as an offset from the cur-
rent command number). If _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt is not specified it is set to the
- current command for listing (so that ``fc -l -10'' prints the
+ current command for listing (so that ``fc -l -10'' prints the
last 10 commands) and to _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt otherwise. If _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt is not spec-
- ified it is set to the previous command for editing and -16 for
+ ified it is set to the previous command for editing and -16 for
listing.
- The -\b-n\bn option suppresses the command numbers when listing. The
- -\b-r\br option reverses the order of the commands. If the -\b-l\bl option
- is given, the commands are listed on standard output. Other-
- wise, the editor given by _\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is invoked on a file containing
- those commands. If _\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not given, the value of the F\bFC\bCE\bED\bDI\bIT\bT
- variable is used, and the value of E\bED\bDI\bIT\bTO\bOR\bR if F\bFC\bCE\bED\bDI\bIT\bT is not set.
- If neither variable is set, _\bv_\bi is used. When editing is com-
+ The -\b-n\bn option suppresses the command numbers when listing. The
+ -\b-r\br option reverses the order of the commands. If the -\b-l\bl option
+ is given, the commands are listed on standard output. Other-
+ wise, the editor given by _\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is invoked on a file containing
+ those commands. If _\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not given, the value of the F\bFC\bCE\bED\bDI\bIT\bT
+ variable is used, and the value of E\bED\bDI\bIT\bTO\bOR\bR if F\bFC\bCE\bED\bDI\bIT\bT is not set.
+ If neither variable is set, _\bv_\bi is used. When editing is com-
plete, the edited commands are echoed and executed.
- In the second form, _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is re-executed after each instance
- of _\bp_\ba_\bt is replaced by _\br_\be_\bp. A useful alias to use with this is
- ``r="fc -s"'', so that typing ``r cc'' runs the last command
+ In the second form, _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is re-executed after each instance
+ of _\bp_\ba_\bt is replaced by _\br_\be_\bp. A useful alias to use with this is
+ ``r="fc -s"'', so that typing ``r cc'' runs the last command
beginning with ``cc'' and typing ``r'' re-executes the last com-
mand.
- If the first form is used, the return value is 0 unless an
- invalid option is encountered or _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt or _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt specify history
- lines out of range. If the -\b-e\be option is supplied, the return
+ If the first form is used, the return value is 0 unless an
+ invalid option is encountered or _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt or _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt specify history
+ lines out of range. If the -\b-e\be option is supplied, the return
value is the value of the last command executed or failure if an
error occurs with the temporary file of commands. If the second
- form is used, the return status is that of the command re-exe-
- cuted, unless _\bc_\bm_\bd does not specify a valid history line, in
+ form is used, the return status is that of the command re-exe-
+ cuted, unless _\bc_\bm_\bd does not specify a valid history line, in
which case f\bfc\bc returns failure.
f\bfg\bg [_\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc]
- Resume _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc in the foreground, and make it the current job.
+ Resume _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc in the foreground, and make it the current job.
If _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not present, the shell's notion of the _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb
- is used. The return value is that of the command placed into
- the foreground, or failure if run when job control is disabled
+ is used. The return value is that of the command placed into
+ the foreground, or failure if run when job control is disabled
or, when run with job control enabled, if _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc does not spec-
- ify a valid job or _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc specifies a job that was started
+ ify a valid job or _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc specifies a job that was started
without job control.
g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bs]
- g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is used by shell procedures to parse positional parame-
- ters. _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg contains the option characters to be recog-
- nized; if a character is followed by a colon, the option is
- expected to have an argument, which should be separated from it
- by white space. The colon and question mark characters may not
- be used as option characters. Each time it is invoked, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs
- places the next option in the shell variable _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, initializing
+ g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is used by shell procedures to parse positional parame-
+ ters. _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg contains the option characters to be recog-
+ nized; if a character is followed by a colon, the option is
+ expected to have an argument, which should be separated from it
+ by white space. The colon and question mark characters may not
+ be used as option characters. Each time it is invoked, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs
+ places the next option in the shell variable _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, initializing
_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be if it does not exist, and the index of the next argument to
be processed into the variable O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD. O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD is initialized to
- 1 each time the shell or a shell script is invoked. When an
- option requires an argument, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs places that argument into
- the variable O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG. The shell does not reset O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD automati-
- cally; it must be manually reset between multiple calls to
+ 1 each time the shell or a shell script is invoked. When an
+ option requires an argument, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs places that argument into
+ the variable O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG. The shell does not reset O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD automati-
+ cally; it must be manually reset between multiple calls to
g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs within the same shell invocation if a new set of parame-
ters is to be used.
- When the end of options is encountered, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs exits with a
- return value greater than zero. O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD is set to the index of
+ When the end of options is encountered, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs exits with a
+ return value greater than zero. O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD is set to the index of
the first non-option argument, and n\bna\bam\bme\be is set to ?.
- g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs normally parses the positional parameters, but if more
+ g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs normally parses the positional parameters, but if more
arguments are given in _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs parses those instead.
- g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs can report errors in two ways. If the first character
- of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg is a colon, _\bs_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\bt error reporting is used. In
- normal operation diagnostic messages are printed when invalid
- options or missing option arguments are encountered. If the
- variable O\bOP\bPT\bTE\bER\bRR\bR is set to 0, no error messages will be dis-
+ g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs can report errors in two ways. If the first character
+ of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg is a colon, _\bs_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\bt error reporting is used. In
+ normal operation diagnostic messages are printed when invalid
+ options or missing option arguments are encountered. If the
+ variable O\bOP\bPT\bTE\bER\bRR\bR is set to 0, no error messages will be dis-
played, even if the first character of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg is not a colon.
If an invalid option is seen, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs places ? into _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be and, if
- not silent, prints an error message and unsets O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG. If
- g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is silent, the option character found is placed in
+ not silent, prints an error message and unsets O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG. If
+ g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is silent, the option character found is placed in
O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG and no diagnostic message is printed.
- If a required argument is not found, and g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is not silent,
- a question mark (?\b?) is placed in _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG is unset, and a
- diagnostic message is printed. If g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is silent, then a
- colon (:\b:) is placed in _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be and O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG is set to the option
+ If a required argument is not found, and g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is not silent,
+ a question mark (?\b?) is placed in _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG is unset, and a
+ diagnostic message is printed. If g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is silent, then a
+ colon (:\b:) is placed in _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be and O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG is set to the option
character found.
- g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs returns true if an option, specified or unspecified, is
+ g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs returns true if an option, specified or unspecified, is
found. It returns false if the end of options is encountered or
an error occurs.
h\bha\bas\bsh\bh [-\b-l\blr\br] [-\b-p\bp _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [-\b-d\bdt\bt] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be]
- For each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, the full file name of the command is determined
+ For each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, the full file name of the command is determined
by searching the directories in $\b$P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH and remembered. If the -\b-p\bp
option is supplied, no path search is performed, and _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is
used as the full file name of the command. The -\b-r\br option causes
- the shell to forget all remembered locations. The -\b-d\bd option
+ the shell to forget all remembered locations. The -\b-d\bd option
causes the shell to forget the remembered location of each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.
- If the -\b-t\bt option is supplied, the full pathname to which each
- _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be corresponds is printed. If multiple _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are
- supplied with -\b-t\bt, the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is printed before the hashed full
+ If the -\b-t\bt option is supplied, the full pathname to which each
+ _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be corresponds is printed. If multiple _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are
+ supplied with -\b-t\bt, the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is printed before the hashed full
pathname. The -\b-l\bl option causes output to be displayed in a for-
- mat that may be reused as input. If no arguments are given, or
+ mat that may be reused as input. If no arguments are given, or
if only -\b-l\bl is supplied, information about remembered commands is
- printed. The return status is true unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not found
+ printed. The return status is true unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not found
or an invalid option is supplied.
h\bhe\bel\blp\bp [-\b-s\bs] [_\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn]
- Display helpful information about builtin commands. If _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn
- is specified, h\bhe\bel\blp\bp gives detailed help on all commands matching
- _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn; otherwise help for all the builtins and shell control
- structures is printed. The -\b-s\bs option restricts the information
- displayed to a short usage synopsis. The return status is 0
+ Display helpful information about builtin commands. If _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn
+ is specified, h\bhe\bel\blp\bp gives detailed help on all commands matching
+ _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn; otherwise help for all the builtins and shell control
+ structures is printed. The -\b-s\bs option restricts the information
+ displayed to a short usage synopsis. The return status is 0
unless no command matches _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn.
h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by [\b[_\bn]\b]
h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by -\b-s\bs _\ba_\br_\bg [_\ba_\br_\bg _\b._\b._\b.]
With no options, display the command history list with line num-
bers. Lines listed with a *\b* have been modified. An argument of
- _\bn lists only the last _\bn lines. If the shell variable H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bE-\b-
- F\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT is set and not null, it is used as a format string for
- _\bs_\bt_\br_\bf_\bt_\bi_\bm_\be(3) to display the time stamp associated with each dis-
- played history entry. No intervening blank is printed between
- the formatted time stamp and the history line. If _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is
- supplied, it is used as the name of the history file; if not,
- the value of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is used. Options, if supplied, have the
+ _\bn lists only the last _\bn lines. If the shell variable H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bE-\b-
+ F\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT is set and not null, it is used as a format string for
+ _\bs_\bt_\br_\bf_\bt_\bi_\bm_\be(3) to display the time stamp associated with each dis-
+ played history entry. No intervening blank is printed between
+ the formatted time stamp and the history line. If _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is
+ supplied, it is used as the name of the history file; if not,
+ the value of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is used. Options, if supplied, have the
following meanings:
-\b-c\bc Clear the history list by deleting all the entries.
-\b-d\bd _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt
Delete the history entry at position _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt.
- -\b-a\ba Append the ``new'' history lines (history lines entered
- since the beginning of the current b\bba\bas\bsh\bh session) to the
+ -\b-a\ba Append the ``new'' history lines (history lines entered
+ since the beginning of the current b\bba\bas\bsh\bh session) to the
history file.
- -\b-n\bn Read the history lines not already read from the history
- file into the current history list. These are lines
- appended to the history file since the beginning of the
+ -\b-n\bn Read the history lines not already read from the history
+ file into the current history list. These are lines
+ appended to the history file since the beginning of the
current b\bba\bas\bsh\bh session.
-\b-r\br Read the contents of the history file and use them as the
current history.
- -\b-w\bw Write the current history to the history file, overwrit-
+ -\b-w\bw Write the current history to the history file, overwrit-
ing the history file's contents.
- -\b-p\bp Perform history substitution on the following _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs and
- display the result on the standard output. Does not
- store the results in the history list. Each _\ba_\br_\bg must be
+ -\b-p\bp Perform history substitution on the following _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs and
+ display the result on the standard output. Does not
+ store the results in the history list. Each _\ba_\br_\bg must be
quoted to disable normal history expansion.
- -\b-s\bs Store the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs in the history list as a single entry.
- The last command in the history list is removed before
+ -\b-s\bs Store the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs in the history list as a single entry.
+ The last command in the history list is removed before
the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs are added.
If the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bEF\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT is set, the time stamp information associ-
- ated with each history entry is written to the history file,
- marked with the history comment character. When the history
+ ated with each history entry is written to the history file,
+ marked with the history comment character. When the history
file is read, lines beginning with the history comment character
- followed immediately by a digit are interpreted as timestamps
- for the previous history line. The return value is 0 unless an
- invalid option is encountered, an error occurs while reading or
- writing the history file, an invalid _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt is supplied as an
+ followed immediately by a digit are interpreted as timestamps
+ for the previous history line. The return value is 0 unless an
+ invalid option is encountered, an error occurs while reading or
+ writing the history file, an invalid _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt is supplied as an
argument to -\b-d\bd, or the history expansion supplied as an argument
to -\b-p\bp fails.
The first form lists the active jobs. The options have the fol-
lowing meanings:
-\b-l\bl List process IDs in addition to the normal information.
- -\b-p\bp List only the process ID of the job's process group
+ -\b-p\bp List only the process ID of the job's process group
leader.
- -\b-n\bn Display information only about jobs that have changed
- status since the user was last notified of their status.
+ -\b-n\bn Display information only about jobs that have changed
+ status since the user was last notified of their status.
-\b-r\br Restrict output to running jobs.
-\b-s\bs Restrict output to stopped jobs.
- If _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is given, output is restricted to information about
- that job. The return status is 0 unless an invalid option is
+ If _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is given, output is restricted to information about
+ that job. The return status is 0 unless an invalid option is
encountered or an invalid _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is supplied.
If the -\b-x\bx option is supplied, j\bjo\bob\bbs\bs replaces any _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc found in
- _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd or _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs with the corresponding process group ID, and
+ _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd or _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs with the corresponding process group ID, and
executes _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd passing it _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs, returning its exit status.
k\bki\bil\bll\bl [-\b-s\bs _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc | -\b-n\bn _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bu_\bm | -\b-_\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc] [_\bp_\bi_\bd | _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc] ...
k\bki\bil\bll\bl -\b-l\bl [_\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc | _\be_\bx_\bi_\bt_\b__\bs_\bt_\ba_\bt_\bu_\bs]
- Send the signal named by _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc or _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bu_\bm to the processes
- named by _\bp_\bi_\bd or _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc. _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is either a case-insensitive
- signal name such as S\bSI\bIG\bGK\bKI\bIL\bLL\bL (with or without the S\bSI\bIG\bG prefix) or
- a signal number; _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bu_\bm is a signal number. If _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not
- present, then S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTE\bER\bRM\bM is assumed. An argument of -\b-l\bl lists the
- signal names. If any arguments are supplied when -\b-l\bl is given,
- the names of the signals corresponding to the arguments are
+ Send the signal named by _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc or _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bu_\bm to the processes
+ named by _\bp_\bi_\bd or _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc. _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is either a case-insensitive
+ signal name such as S\bSI\bIG\bGK\bKI\bIL\bLL\bL (with or without the S\bSI\bIG\bG prefix) or
+ a signal number; _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bu_\bm is a signal number. If _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not
+ present, then S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTE\bER\bRM\bM is assumed. An argument of -\b-l\bl lists the
+ signal names. If any arguments are supplied when -\b-l\bl is given,
+ the names of the signals corresponding to the arguments are
listed, and the return status is 0. The _\be_\bx_\bi_\bt_\b__\bs_\bt_\ba_\bt_\bu_\bs argument to
- -\b-l\bl is a number specifying either a signal number or the exit
- status of a process terminated by a signal. k\bki\bil\bll\bl returns true
- if at least one signal was successfully sent, or false if an
+ -\b-l\bl is a number specifying either a signal number or the exit
+ status of a process terminated by a signal. k\bki\bil\bll\bl returns true
+ if at least one signal was successfully sent, or false if an
error occurs or an invalid option is encountered.
l\ble\bet\bt _\ba_\br_\bg [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
Each _\ba_\br_\bg is an arithmetic expression to be evaluated (see A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bH-\b-
- M\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN). If the last _\ba_\br_\bg evaluates to 0, l\ble\bet\bt returns
+ M\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN). If the last _\ba_\br_\bg evaluates to 0, l\ble\bet\bt returns
1; 0 is returned otherwise.
l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl [_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be] ...]
- For each argument, a local variable named _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is created, and
- assigned _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be. The _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn can be any of the options accepted
+ For each argument, a local variable named _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is created, and
+ assigned _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be. The _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn can be any of the options accepted
by d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be. When l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl is used within a function, it causes the
- variable _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be to have a visible scope restricted to that func-
+ variable _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be to have a visible scope restricted to that func-
tion and its children. With no operands, l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl writes a list of
- local variables to the standard output. It is an error to use
+ local variables to the standard output. It is an error to use
l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl when not within a function. The return status is 0 unless
- l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl is used outside a function, an invalid _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is supplied,
+ l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl is used outside a function, an invalid _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is supplied,
or _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is a readonly variable.
l\blo\bog\bgo\bou\but\bt Exit a login shell.
p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd [-n\bn] [+_\bn] [-_\bn]
- Removes entries from the directory stack. With no arguments,
- removes the top directory from the stack, and performs a c\bcd\bd to
+ Removes entries from the directory stack. With no arguments,
+ removes the top directory from the stack, and performs a c\bcd\bd to
the new top directory. Arguments, if supplied, have the follow-
ing meanings:
- -\b-n\bn Suppresses the normal change of directory when removing
- directories from the stack, so that only the stack is
+ -\b-n\bn Suppresses the normal change of directory when removing
+ directories from the stack, so that only the stack is
manipulated.
- +\b+_\bn Removes the _\bnth entry counting from the left of the list
- shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with zero. For example: ``popd
+ +\b+_\bn Removes the _\bnth entry counting from the left of the list
+ shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with zero. For example: ``popd
+0'' removes the first directory, ``popd +1'' the second.
-\b-_\bn Removes the _\bnth entry counting from the right of the list
- shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with zero. For example: ``popd
- -0'' removes the last directory, ``popd -1'' the next to
+ shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with zero. For example: ``popd
+ -0'' removes the last directory, ``popd -1'' the next to
last.
- If the p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd command is successful, a d\bdi\bir\brs\bs is performed as well,
- and the return status is 0. p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd returns false if an invalid
+ If the p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd command is successful, a d\bdi\bir\brs\bs is performed as well,
+ and the return status is 0. p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd returns false if an invalid
option is encountered, the directory stack is empty, a non-exis-
tent directory stack entry is specified, or the directory change
fails.
p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf [-\b-v\bv _\bv_\ba_\br] _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs]
- Write the formatted _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs to the standard output under the
- control of the _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt. The _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt is a character string which
- contains three types of objects: plain characters, which are
- simply copied to standard output, character escape sequences,
- which are converted and copied to the standard output, and for-
- mat specifications, each of which causes printing of the next
+ Write the formatted _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs to the standard output under the
+ control of the _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt. The _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt is a character string which
+ contains three types of objects: plain characters, which are
+ simply copied to standard output, character escape sequences,
+ which are converted and copied to the standard output, and for-
+ mat specifications, each of which causes printing of the next
successive _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt. In addition to the standard _\bp_\br_\bi_\bn_\bt_\bf(1) for-
- mats, %\b%b\bb causes p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf to expand backslash escape sequences in
- the corresponding _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt (except that \\b\c\bc terminates output,
+ mats, %\b%b\bb causes p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf to expand backslash escape sequences in
+ the corresponding _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt (except that \\b\c\bc terminates output,
backslashes in \\b\'\b', \\b\"\b", and \\b\?\b? are not removed, and octal escapes
- beginning with \\b\0\b0 may contain up to four digits), and %\b%q\bq causes
+ beginning with \\b\0\b0 may contain up to four digits), and %\b%q\bq causes
p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf to output the corresponding _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt in a format that can
be reused as shell input.
- The -\b-v\bv option causes the output to be assigned to the variable
+ The -\b-v\bv option causes the output to be assigned to the variable
_\bv_\ba_\br rather than being printed to the standard output.
- The _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt is reused as necessary to consume all of the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\b-
+ The _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt is reused as necessary to consume all of the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\b-
_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs. If the _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt requires more _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs than are supplied,
- the extra format specifications behave as if a zero value or
- null string, as appropriate, had been supplied. The return
+ the extra format specifications behave as if a zero value or
+ null string, as appropriate, had been supplied. The return
value is zero on success, non-zero on failure.
p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd [-\b-n\bn] [+_\bn] [-_\bn]
p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd [-\b-n\bn] [_\bd_\bi_\br]
- Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates
- the stack, making the new top of the stack the current working
+ Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates
+ the stack, making the new top of the stack the current working
directory. With no arguments, exchanges the top two directories
- and returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty. Arguments,
+ and returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty. Arguments,
if supplied, have the following meanings:
- -\b-n\bn Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding
- directories to the stack, so that only the stack is
+ -\b-n\bn Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding
+ directories to the stack, so that only the stack is
manipulated.
- +\b+_\bn Rotates the stack so that the _\bnth directory (counting
- from the left of the list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with
+ +\b+_\bn Rotates the stack so that the _\bnth directory (counting
+ from the left of the list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with
zero) is at the top.
- -\b-_\bn Rotates the stack so that the _\bnth directory (counting
- from the right of the list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with
+ -\b-_\bn Rotates the stack so that the _\bnth directory (counting
+ from the right of the list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with
zero) is at the top.
_\bd_\bi_\br Adds _\bd_\bi_\br to the directory stack at the top, making it the
new current working directory.
If the p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd command is successful, a d\bdi\bir\brs\bs is performed as well.
- If the first form is used, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd returns 0 unless the cd to _\bd_\bi_\br
- fails. With the second form, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd returns 0 unless the direc-
- tory stack is empty, a non-existent directory stack element is
- specified, or the directory change to the specified new current
+ If the first form is used, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd returns 0 unless the cd to _\bd_\bi_\br
+ fails. With the second form, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd returns 0 unless the direc-
+ tory stack is empty, a non-existent directory stack element is
+ specified, or the directory change to the specified new current
directory fails.
p\bpw\bwd\bd [-\b-L\bLP\bP]
- Print the absolute pathname of the current working directory.
+ Print the absolute pathname of the current working directory.
The pathname printed contains no symbolic links if the -\b-P\bP option
is supplied or the -\b-o\bo p\bph\bhy\bys\bsi\bic\bca\bal\bl option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command
- is enabled. If the -\b-L\bL option is used, the pathname printed may
- contain symbolic links. The return status is 0 unless an error
- occurs while reading the name of the current directory or an
+ is enabled. If the -\b-L\bL option is used, the pathname printed may
+ contain symbolic links. The return status is 0 unless an error
+ occurs while reading the name of the current directory or an
invalid option is supplied.
- r\bre\bea\bad\bd [-\b-e\ber\brs\bs] [-\b-a\ba _\ba_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [-\b-d\bd _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm] [-\b-n\bn _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs] [-\b-p\bp _\bp_\br_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bt] [-\b-t\bt _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt]
+ r\bre\bea\bad\bd [-\b-e\ber\brs\bs] [-\b-a\ba _\ba_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [-\b-d\bd _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm] [-\b-n\bn _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs] [-\b-p\bp _\bp_\br_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bt] [-\b-t\bt _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt]
[-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- One line is read from the standard input, or from the file
- descriptor _\bf_\bd supplied as an argument to the -\b-u\bu option, and the
+ One line is read from the standard input, or from the file
+ descriptor _\bf_\bd supplied as an argument to the -\b-u\bu option, and the
first word is assigned to the first _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, the second word to the
- second _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, and so on, with leftover words and their interven-
- ing separators assigned to the last _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If there are fewer
+ second _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, and so on, with leftover words and their interven-
+ ing separators assigned to the last _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If there are fewer
words read from the input stream than names, the remaining names
- are assigned empty values. The characters in I\bIF\bFS\bS are used to
- split the line into words. The backslash character (\\b\) may be
- used to remove any special meaning for the next character read
- and for line continuation. Options, if supplied, have the fol-
+ are assigned empty values. The characters in I\bIF\bFS\bS are used to
+ split the line into words. The backslash character (\\b\) may be
+ used to remove any special meaning for the next character read
+ and for line continuation. Options, if supplied, have the fol-
lowing meanings:
-\b-a\ba _\ba_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
The words are assigned to sequential indices of the array
new values are assigned. Other _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are
ignored.
-\b-d\bd _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm
- The first character of _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm is used to terminate the
+ The first character of _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm is used to terminate the
input line, rather than newline.
-\b-e\be If the standard input is coming from a terminal, r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be
(see R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE above) is used to obtain the line.
-\b-n\bn _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs
- r\bre\bea\bad\bd returns after reading _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters rather than
+ r\bre\bea\bad\bd returns after reading _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters rather than
waiting for a complete line of input.
-\b-p\bp _\bp_\br_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bt
Display _\bp_\br_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bt on standard error, without a trailing new-
line, before attempting to read any input. The prompt is
displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.
-\b-r\br Backslash does not act as an escape character. The back-
- slash is considered to be part of the line. In particu-
- lar, a backslash-newline pair may not be used as a line
+ slash is considered to be part of the line. In particu-
+ lar, a backslash-newline pair may not be used as a line
continuation.
-\b-s\bs Silent mode. If input is coming from a terminal, charac-
ters are not echoed.
-\b-t\bt _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt
- Cause r\bre\bea\bad\bd to time out and return failure if a complete
- line of input is not read within _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt seconds. This
- option has no effect if r\bre\bea\bad\bd is not reading input from
+ Cause r\bre\bea\bad\bd to time out and return failure if a complete
+ line of input is not read within _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt seconds. This
+ option has no effect if r\bre\bea\bad\bd is not reading input from
the terminal or a pipe.
-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd Read input from file descriptor _\bf_\bd.
If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are supplied, the line read is assigned to the vari-
- able R\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY. The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is
- encountered, r\bre\bea\bad\bd times out, or an invalid file descriptor is
+ able R\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY. The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is
+ encountered, r\bre\bea\bad\bd times out, or an invalid file descriptor is
supplied as the argument to -\b-u\bu.
r\bre\bea\bad\bdo\bon\bnl\bly\by [-\b-a\bap\bpf\bf] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd] ...]
- The given _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are marked readonly; the values of these _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs
- may not be changed by subsequent assignment. If the -\b-f\bf option
- is supplied, the functions corresponding to the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are so
+ The given _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are marked readonly; the values of these _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs
+ may not be changed by subsequent assignment. If the -\b-f\bf option
+ is supplied, the functions corresponding to the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are so
marked. The -\b-a\ba option restricts the variables to arrays. If no
- _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given, or if the -\b-p\bp option is supplied, a
- list of all readonly names is printed. The -\b-p\bp option causes
- output to be displayed in a format that may be reused as input.
- If a variable name is followed by =_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, the value of the vari-
- able is set to _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd. The return status is 0 unless an invalid
- option is encountered, one of the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs is not a valid shell
+ _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given, or if the -\b-p\bp option is supplied, a
+ list of all readonly names is printed. The -\b-p\bp option causes
+ output to be displayed in a format that may be reused as input.
+ If a variable name is followed by =_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, the value of the vari-
+ able is set to _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd. The return status is 0 unless an invalid
+ option is encountered, one of the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs is not a valid shell
variable name, or -\b-f\bf is supplied with a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be that is not a func-
tion.
r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn [_\bn]
- Causes a function to exit with the return value specified by _\bn.
- If _\bn is omitted, the return status is that of the last command
- executed in the function body. If used outside a function, but
- during execution of a script by the .\b. (s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be) command, it
+ Causes a function to exit with the return value specified by _\bn.
+ If _\bn is omitted, the return status is that of the last command
+ executed in the function body. If used outside a function, but
+ during execution of a script by the .\b. (s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be) command, it
causes the shell to stop executing that script and return either
- _\bn or the exit status of the last command executed within the
- script as the exit status of the script. If used outside a
- function and not during execution of a script by .\b., the return
+ _\bn or the exit status of the last command executed within the
+ script as the exit status of the script. If used outside a
+ function and not during execution of a script by .\b., the return
status is false. Any command associated with the R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN trap is
- executed before execution resumes after the function or script.
+ executed before execution resumes after the function or script.
s\bse\bet\bt [-\b--\b-a\bab\bbe\bef\bfh\bhk\bkm\bmn\bnp\bpt\btu\buv\bvx\bxB\bBC\bCE\bEH\bHP\bPT\bT] [-\b-o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
s\bse\bet\bt [+\b+a\bab\bbe\bef\bfh\bhk\bkm\bmn\bnp\bpt\btu\buv\bvx\bxB\bBC\bCE\bEH\bHP\bPT\bT] [+\b+o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
- Without options, the name and value of each shell variable are
+ Without options, the name and value of each shell variable are
displayed in a format that can be reused as input for setting or
resetting the currently-set variables. Read-only variables can-
- not be reset. In _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be, only shell variables are listed.
- The output is sorted according to the current locale. When
- options are specified, they set or unset shell attributes. Any
- arguments remaining after the options are processed are treated
- as values for the positional parameters and are assigned, in
+ not be reset. In _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be, only shell variables are listed.
+ The output is sorted according to the current locale. When
+ options are specified, they set or unset shell attributes. Any
+ arguments remaining after the options are processed are treated
+ as values for the positional parameters and are assigned, in
order, to $\b$1\b1, $\b$2\b2, .\b..\b..\b. $\b$_\bn. Options, if specified, have the fol-
lowing meanings:
- -\b-a\ba Automatically mark variables and functions which are
- modified or created for export to the environment of
+ -\b-a\ba Automatically mark variables and functions which are
+ modified or created for export to the environment of
subsequent commands.
- -\b-b\bb Report the status of terminated background jobs immedi-
+ -\b-b\bb Report the status of terminated background jobs immedi-
ately, rather than before the next primary prompt. This
is effective only when job control is enabled.
- -\b-e\be Exit immediately if a _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR
+ -\b-e\be Exit immediately if a _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR
above) exits with a non-zero status. The shell does not
- exit if the command that fails is part of the command
- list immediately following a w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be or u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl keyword,
- part of the test in an i\bif\bf statement, part of a command
- executed in a &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b| list, any command in a pipeline
- but the last, or if the command's return value is being
- inverted via !\b!. Failing simple commands that are part
- of shell functions or command lists enclosed in braces
- or parentheses satisfying the above conditions do not
+ exit if the command that fails is part of the command
+ list immediately following a w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be or u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl keyword,
+ part of the test in an i\bif\bf statement, part of a command
+ executed in a &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b| list, any command in a pipeline
+ but the last, or if the command's return value is being
+ inverted via !\b!. Failing simple commands that are part
+ of shell functions or command lists enclosed in braces
+ or parentheses satisfying the above conditions do not
cause the shell to exit. A trap on E\bER\bRR\bR, if set, is exe-
cuted before the shell exits.
-\b-f\bf Disable pathname expansion.
- -\b-h\bh Remember the location of commands as they are looked up
+ -\b-h\bh Remember the location of commands as they are looked up
for execution. This is enabled by default.
- -\b-k\bk All arguments in the form of assignment statements are
- placed in the environment for a command, not just those
+ -\b-k\bk All arguments in the form of assignment statements are
+ placed in the environment for a command, not just those
that precede the command name.
- -\b-m\bm Monitor mode. Job control is enabled. This option is
- on by default for interactive shells on systems that
- support it (see J\bJO\bOB\bB C\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL above). Background pro-
- cesses run in a separate process group and a line con-
- taining their exit status is printed upon their comple-
+ -\b-m\bm Monitor mode. Job control is enabled. This option is
+ on by default for interactive shells on systems that
+ support it (see J\bJO\bOB\bB C\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL above). Background pro-
+ cesses run in a separate process group and a line con-
+ taining their exit status is printed upon their comple-
tion.
-\b-n\bn Read commands but do not execute them. This may be used
- to check a shell script for syntax errors. This is
+ to check a shell script for syntax errors. This is
ignored by interactive shells.
-\b-o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
The _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be can be one of the following:
Same as -\b-a\ba.
b\bbr\bra\bac\bce\bee\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd
Same as -\b-B\bB.
- e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs Use an emacs-style command line editing inter-
+ e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs Use an emacs-style command line editing inter-
face. This is enabled by default when the shell
is interactive, unless the shell is started with
the -\b--\b-n\bno\boe\bed\bdi\bit\bti\bin\bng\bg option.
H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY. This option is on by default in inter-
active shells.
i\big\bgn\bno\bor\bre\bee\beo\bof\bf
- The effect is as if the shell command
- ``IGNOREEOF=10'' had been executed (see S\bSh\bhe\bel\bll\bl
+ The effect is as if the shell command
+ ``IGNOREEOF=10'' had been executed (see S\bSh\bhe\bel\bll\bl
V\bVa\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\bes\bs above).
k\bke\bey\byw\bwo\bor\brd\bd Same as -\b-k\bk.
m\bmo\bon\bni\bit\bto\bor\br Same as -\b-m\bm.
p\bph\bhy\bys\bsi\bic\bca\bal\bl
Same as -\b-P\bP.
p\bpi\bip\bpe\bef\bfa\bai\bil\bl
- If set, the return value of a pipeline is the
- value of the last (rightmost) command to exit
- with a non-zero status, or zero if all commands
- in the pipeline exit successfully. This option
+ If set, the return value of a pipeline is the
+ value of the last (rightmost) command to exit
+ with a non-zero status, or zero if all commands
+ in the pipeline exit successfully. This option
is disabled by default.
- p\bpo\bos\bsi\bix\bx Change the behavior of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh where the default
- operation differs from the POSIX standard to
+ p\bpo\bos\bsi\bix\bx Change the behavior of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh where the default
+ operation differs from the POSIX standard to
match the standard (_\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be).
p\bpr\bri\biv\bvi\bil\ble\beg\bge\bed\bd
Same as -\b-p\bp.
v\bvi\bi Use a vi-style command line editing interface.
x\bxt\btr\bra\bac\bce\be Same as -\b-x\bx.
If -\b-o\bo is supplied with no _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, the values of the
- current options are printed. If +\b+o\bo is supplied with no
- _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, a series of s\bse\bet\bt commands to recreate the
- current option settings is displayed on the standard
+ current options are printed. If +\b+o\bo is supplied with no
+ _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, a series of s\bse\bet\bt commands to recreate the
+ current option settings is displayed on the standard
output.
- -\b-p\bp Turn on _\bp_\br_\bi_\bv_\bi_\bl_\be_\bg_\be_\bd mode. In this mode, the $\b$E\bEN\bNV\bV and
- $\b$B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_E\bEN\bNV\bV files are not processed, shell functions are
- not inherited from the environment, and the S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bLO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS
- variable, if it appears in the environment, is ignored.
- If the shell is started with the effective user (group)
- id not equal to the real user (group) id, and the -\b-p\bp
- option is not supplied, these actions are taken and the
+ -\b-p\bp Turn on _\bp_\br_\bi_\bv_\bi_\bl_\be_\bg_\be_\bd mode. In this mode, the $\b$E\bEN\bNV\bV and
+ $\b$B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_E\bEN\bNV\bV files are not processed, shell functions are
+ not inherited from the environment, and the S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bLO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS
+ variable, if it appears in the environment, is ignored.
+ If the shell is started with the effective user (group)
+ id not equal to the real user (group) id, and the -\b-p\bp
+ option is not supplied, these actions are taken and the
effective user id is set to the real user id. If the -\b-p\bp
- option is supplied at startup, the effective user id is
+ option is supplied at startup, the effective user id is
not reset. Turning this option off causes the effective
- user and group ids to be set to the real user and group
+ user and group ids to be set to the real user and group
ids.
-\b-t\bt Exit after reading and executing one command.
-\b-u\bu Treat unset variables as an error when performing param-
- eter expansion. If expansion is attempted on an unset
+ eter expansion. If expansion is attempted on an unset
variable, the shell prints an error message, and, if not
interactive, exits with a non-zero status.
-\b-v\bv Print shell input lines as they are read.
- -\b-x\bx After expanding each _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd, f\bfo\bor\br command, c\bca\bas\bse\be
+ -\b-x\bx After expanding each _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd, f\bfo\bor\br command, c\bca\bas\bse\be
command, s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt command, or arithmetic f\bfo\bor\br command, dis-
- play the expanded value of P\bPS\bS4\b4, followed by the command
+ play the expanded value of P\bPS\bS4\b4, followed by the command
and its expanded arguments or associated word list.
- -\b-B\bB The shell performs brace expansion (see B\bBr\bra\bac\bce\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn
+ -\b-B\bB The shell performs brace expansion (see B\bBr\bra\bac\bce\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn
above). This is on by default.
- -\b-C\bC If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh does not overwrite an existing file with
- the >\b>, >\b>&\b&, and <\b<>\b> redirection operators. This may be
+ -\b-C\bC If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh does not overwrite an existing file with
+ the >\b>, >\b>&\b&, and <\b<>\b> redirection operators. This may be
overridden when creating output files by using the redi-
rection operator >\b>|\b| instead of >\b>.
-\b-E\bE If set, any trap on E\bER\bRR\bR is inherited by shell functions,
- command substitutions, and commands executed in a sub-
- shell environment. The E\bER\bRR\bR trap is normally not inher-
+ command substitutions, and commands executed in a sub-
+ shell environment. The E\bER\bRR\bR trap is normally not inher-
ited in such cases.
-\b-H\bH Enable !\b! style history substitution. This option is on
by default when the shell is interactive.
- -\b-P\bP If set, the shell does not follow symbolic links when
- executing commands such as c\bcd\bd that change the current
+ -\b-P\bP If set, the shell does not follow symbolic links when
+ executing commands such as c\bcd\bd that change the current
working directory. It uses the physical directory
structure instead. By default, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh follows the logical
- chain of directories when performing commands which
+ chain of directories when performing commands which
change the current directory.
- -\b-T\bT If set, any traps on D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN are inherited by
- shell functions, command substitutions, and commands
- executed in a subshell environment. The D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and
+ -\b-T\bT If set, any traps on D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN are inherited by
+ shell functions, command substitutions, and commands
+ executed in a subshell environment. The D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and
R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN traps are normally not inherited in such cases.
- -\b--\b- If no arguments follow this option, then the positional
+ -\b--\b- If no arguments follow this option, then the positional
parameters are unset. Otherwise, the positional parame-
- ters are set to the _\ba_\br_\bgs, even if some of them begin
+ ters are set to the _\ba_\br_\bgs, even if some of them begin
with a -\b-.
- -\b- Signal the end of options, cause all remaining _\ba_\br_\bgs to
+ -\b- Signal the end of options, cause all remaining _\ba_\br_\bgs to
be assigned to the positional parameters. The -\b-x\bx and -\b-v\bv
options are turned off. If there are no _\ba_\br_\bgs, the posi-
tional parameters remain unchanged.
- The options are off by default unless otherwise noted. Using +
- rather than - causes these options to be turned off. The
- options can also be specified as arguments to an invocation of
- the shell. The current set of options may be found in $\b$-\b-. The
+ The options are off by default unless otherwise noted. Using +
+ rather than - causes these options to be turned off. The
+ options can also be specified as arguments to an invocation of
+ the shell. The current set of options may be found in $\b$-\b-. The
return status is always true unless an invalid option is encoun-
tered.
s\bsh\bhi\bif\bft\bt [_\bn]
- The positional parameters from _\bn+1 ... are renamed to $\b$1\b1 .\b..\b..\b..\b.
- Parameters represented by the numbers $\b$#\b# down to $\b$#\b#-_\bn+1 are
- unset. _\bn must be a non-negative number less than or equal to
- $\b$#\b#. If _\bn is 0, no parameters are changed. If _\bn is not given,
- it is assumed to be 1. If _\bn is greater than $\b$#\b#, the positional
- parameters are not changed. The return status is greater than
+ The positional parameters from _\bn+1 ... are renamed to $\b$1\b1 .\b..\b..\b..\b.
+ Parameters represented by the numbers $\b$#\b# down to $\b$#\b#-_\bn+1 are
+ unset. _\bn must be a non-negative number less than or equal to
+ $\b$#\b#. If _\bn is 0, no parameters are changed. If _\bn is not given,
+ it is assumed to be 1. If _\bn is greater than $\b$#\b#, the positional
+ parameters are not changed. The return status is greater than
zero if _\bn is greater than $\b$#\b# or less than zero; otherwise 0.
s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt [-\b-p\bpq\bqs\bsu\bu] [-\b-o\bo] [_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
Toggle the values of variables controlling optional shell behav-
ior. With no options, or with the -\b-p\bp option, a list of all set-
table options is displayed, with an indication of whether or not
- each is set. The -\b-p\bp option causes output to be displayed in a
- form that may be reused as input. Other options have the fol-
+ each is set. The -\b-p\bp option causes output to be displayed in a
+ form that may be reused as input. Other options have the fol-
lowing meanings:
-\b-s\bs Enable (set) each _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.
-\b-u\bu Disable (unset) each _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.
- -\b-q\bq Suppresses normal output (quiet mode); the return status
+ -\b-q\bq Suppresses normal output (quiet mode); the return status
indicates whether the _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is set or unset. If multi-
- ple _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given with -\b-q\bq, the return sta-
- tus is zero if all _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are enabled; non-zero other-
+ ple _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given with -\b-q\bq, the return sta-
+ tus is zero if all _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are enabled; non-zero other-
wise.
- -\b-o\bo Restricts the values of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be to be those defined for
+ -\b-o\bo Restricts the values of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be to be those defined for
the -\b-o\bo option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin.
- If either -\b-s\bs or -\b-u\bu is used with no _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments, the dis-
+ If either -\b-s\bs or -\b-u\bu is used with no _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments, the dis-
play is limited to those options which are set or unset, respec-
- tively. Unless otherwise noted, the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt options are disabled
+ tively. Unless otherwise noted, the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt options are disabled
(unset) by default.
- The return status when listing options is zero if all _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs
- are enabled, non-zero otherwise. When setting or unsetting
- options, the return status is zero unless an _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a
+ The return status when listing options is zero if all _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs
+ are enabled, non-zero otherwise. When setting or unsetting
+ options, the return status is zero unless an _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a
valid shell option.
The list of s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt options is:
- a\bau\but\bto\boc\bcd\bd If set, a command name that is the name of a directory
- is executed as if it were the argument to the c\bcd\bd com-
+ a\bau\but\bto\boc\bcd\bd If set, a command name that is the name of a directory
+ is executed as if it were the argument to the c\bcd\bd com-
mand. This option is only used by interactive shells.
c\bcd\bda\bab\bbl\ble\be_\b_v\bva\bar\brs\bs
- If set, an argument to the c\bcd\bd builtin command that is
- not a directory is assumed to be the name of a variable
+ If set, an argument to the c\bcd\bd builtin command that is
+ not a directory is assumed to be the name of a variable
whose value is the directory to change to.
c\bcd\bds\bsp\bpe\bel\bll\bl If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory com-
- ponent in a c\bcd\bd command will be corrected. The errors
+ ponent in a c\bcd\bd command will be corrected. The errors
checked for are transposed characters, a missing charac-
- ter, and one character too many. If a correction is
- found, the corrected file name is printed, and the com-
- mand proceeds. This option is only used by interactive
+ ter, and one character too many. If a correction is
+ found, the corrected file name is printed, and the com-
+ mand proceeds. This option is only used by interactive
shells.
c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bkh\bha\bas\bsh\bh
If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh checks that a command found in the hash ta-
- ble exists before trying to execute it. If a hashed
- command no longer exists, a normal path search is per-
+ ble exists before trying to execute it. If a hashed
+ command no longer exists, a normal path search is per-
formed.
c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bkj\bjo\bob\bbs\bs
If set, bash lists the status of any stopped and running
- jobs before exiting an interactive shell. If any jobs
+ jobs before exiting an interactive shell. If any jobs
are running, this causes the exit to be deferred until a
- second exit is attempted without an intervening command
- (see J\bJO\bOB\bB C\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL above). The shell always postpones
+ second exit is attempted without an intervening command
+ (see J\bJO\bOB\bB C\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL above). The shell always postpones
exiting if any jobs are stopped.
c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bkw\bwi\bin\bns\bsi\biz\bze\be
- If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh checks the window size after each command
- and, if necessary, updates the values of L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bES\bS and C\bCO\bOL\bL-\b-
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh checks the window size after each command
+ and, if necessary, updates the values of L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bES\bS and C\bCO\bOL\bL-\b-
U\bUM\bMN\bNS\bS.
- c\bcm\bmd\bdh\bhi\bis\bst\bt If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts to save all lines of a multiple-
- line command in the same history entry. This allows
+ c\bcm\bmd\bdh\bhi\bis\bst\bt If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts to save all lines of a multiple-
+ line command in the same history entry. This allows
easy re-editing of multi-line commands.
- d\bdo\bot\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh includes filenames beginning with a `.' in
+ c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt3\b31\b1
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh changes its behavior to that of version 3.1
+ with respect to quoted arguments to the conditional com-
+ mand's =~ operator.
+ d\bdo\bot\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh includes filenames beginning with a `.' in
the results of pathname expansion.
e\bex\bxe\bec\bcf\bfa\bai\bil\bl
If set, a non-interactive shell will not exit if it can-
- not execute the file specified as an argument to the
- e\bex\bxe\bec\bc builtin command. An interactive shell does not
+ not execute the file specified as an argument to the
+ e\bex\bxe\bec\bc builtin command. An interactive shell does not
exit if e\bex\bxe\bec\bc fails.
e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd_\b_a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bse\bes\bs
- If set, aliases are expanded as described above under
+ If set, aliases are expanded as described above under
A\bAL\bLI\bIA\bAS\bSE\bES\bS. This option is enabled by default for interac-
tive shells.
e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg
- If set, behavior intended for use by debuggers is
+ If set, behavior intended for use by debuggers is
enabled:
1\b1.\b. The -\b-F\bF option to the d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be builtin displays the
source file name and line number corresponding to
each function name supplied as an argument.
- 2\b2.\b. If the command run by the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap returns a
- non-zero value, the next command is skipped and
+ 2\b2.\b. If the command run by the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap returns a
+ non-zero value, the next command is skipped and
not executed.
- 3\b3.\b. If the command run by the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap returns a
- value of 2, and the shell is executing in a sub-
- routine (a shell function or a shell script exe-
- cuted by the .\b. or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be builtins), a call to
+ 3\b3.\b. If the command run by the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap returns a
+ value of 2, and the shell is executing in a sub-
+ routine (a shell function or a shell script exe-
+ cuted by the .\b. or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be builtins), a call to
r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn is simulated.
- 4\b4.\b. B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGC\bC and B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGV\bV are updated as described
+ 4\b4.\b. B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGC\bC and B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGV\bV are updated as described
in their descriptions above.
- 5\b5.\b. Function tracing is enabled: command substitu-
+ 5\b5.\b. Function tracing is enabled: command substitu-
tion, shell functions, and subshells invoked with
(\b( _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd )\b) inherit the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN traps.
- 6\b6.\b. Error tracing is enabled: command substitution,
- shell functions, and subshells invoked with (\b(
+ 6\b6.\b. Error tracing is enabled: command substitution,
+ shell functions, and subshells invoked with (\b(
_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd )\b) inherit the E\bER\bRR\bRO\bOR\bR trap.
e\bex\bxt\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb If set, the extended pattern matching features described
above under P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn are enabled.
e\bex\bxt\btq\bqu\buo\bot\bte\be
- If set, $\b$'_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg' and $\b$"_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg" quoting is performed
- within $\b${\b{_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br}\b} expansions enclosed in double
+ If set, $\b$'_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg' and $\b$"_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg" quoting is performed
+ within $\b${\b{_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br}\b} expansions enclosed in double
quotes. This option is enabled by default.
f\bfa\bai\bil\blg\bgl\blo\bob\bb
- If set, patterns which fail to match filenames during
+ If set, patterns which fail to match filenames during
pathname expansion result in an expansion error.
f\bfo\bor\brc\bce\be_\b_f\bfi\big\bgn\bno\bor\bre\be
- If set, the suffixes specified by the F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE shell
- variable cause words to be ignored when performing word
+ If set, the suffixes specified by the F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE shell
+ variable cause words to be ignored when performing word
completion even if the ignored words are the only possi-
ble completions. See S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL V\bVA\bAR\bRI\bIA\bAB\bBL\bLE\bES\bS above for a
- description of F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE. This option is enabled by
+ description of F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE. This option is enabled by
default.
g\bgn\bnu\bu_\b_e\ber\brr\brf\bfm\bmt\bt
If set, shell error messages are written in the standard
GNU error message format.
h\bhi\bis\bst\bta\bap\bpp\bpe\ben\bnd\bd
- If set, the history list is appended to the file named
- by the value of the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE variable when the shell
+ If set, the history list is appended to the file named
+ by the value of the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE variable when the shell
exits, rather than overwriting the file.
h\bhi\bis\bst\btr\bre\bee\bed\bdi\bit\bt
- If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, a user is given the
+ If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, a user is given the
opportunity to re-edit a failed history substitution.
h\bhi\bis\bst\btv\bve\ber\bri\bif\bfy\by
- If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, the results of his-
- tory substitution are not immediately passed to the
- shell parser. Instead, the resulting line is loaded
+ If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, the results of his-
+ tory substitution are not immediately passed to the
+ shell parser. Instead, the resulting line is loaded
into the r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be editing buffer, allowing further modi-
fication.
h\bho\bos\bst\btc\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be
If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh will attempt to
- perform hostname completion when a word containing a @\b@
- is being completed (see C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bin\bng\bg under R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE
+ perform hostname completion when a word containing a @\b@
+ is being completed (see C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bin\bng\bg under R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE
above). This is enabled by default.
h\bhu\bup\bpo\bon\bne\bex\bxi\bit\bt
If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh will send S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP to all jobs when an inter-
active login shell exits.
i\bin\bnt\bte\ber\bra\bac\bct\bti\biv\bve\be_\b_c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bts\bs
If set, allow a word beginning with #\b# to cause that word
- and all remaining characters on that line to be ignored
- in an interactive shell (see C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bME\bEN\bNT\bTS\bS above). This
+ and all remaining characters on that line to be ignored
+ in an interactive shell (see C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bME\bEN\bNT\bTS\bS above). This
option is enabled by default.
- l\bli\bit\bth\bhi\bis\bst\bt If set, and the c\bcm\bmd\bdh\bhi\bis\bst\bt option is enabled, multi-line
+ l\bli\bit\bth\bhi\bis\bst\bt If set, and the c\bcm\bmd\bdh\bhi\bis\bst\bt option is enabled, multi-line
commands are saved to the history with embedded newlines
rather than using semicolon separators where possible.
l\blo\bog\bgi\bin\bn_\b_s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl
- The shell sets this option if it is started as a login
- shell (see I\bIN\bNV\bVO\bOC\bCA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN above). The value may not be
+ The shell sets this option if it is started as a login
+ shell (see I\bIN\bNV\bVO\bOC\bCA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN above). The value may not be
changed.
m\bma\bai\bil\blw\bwa\bar\brn\bn
- If set, and a file that b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is checking for mail has
- been accessed since the last time it was checked, the
- message ``The mail in _\bm_\ba_\bi_\bl_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be has been read'' is dis-
+ If set, and a file that b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is checking for mail has
+ been accessed since the last time it was checked, the
+ message ``The mail in _\bm_\ba_\bi_\bl_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be has been read'' is dis-
played.
n\bno\bo_\b_e\bem\bmp\bpt\bty\by_\b_c\bcm\bmd\bd_\b_c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn
- If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh will not
+ If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh will not
attempt to search the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH for possible completions when
completion is attempted on an empty line.
n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\beg\bgl\blo\bob\bb
- If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh matches filenames in a case-insensitive
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh matches filenames in a case-insensitive
fashion when performing pathname expansion (see P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be
E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn above).
n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\bem\bma\bat\btc\bch\bh
- If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh matches patterns in a case-insensitive
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh matches patterns in a case-insensitive
fashion when performing matching while executing c\bca\bas\bse\be or
[\b[[\b[ conditional commands.
n\bnu\bul\bll\blg\bgl\blo\bob\bb
- If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh allows patterns which match no files (see
- P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn above) to expand to a null string,
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh allows patterns which match no files (see
+ P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn above) to expand to a null string,
rather than themselves.
p\bpr\bro\bog\bgc\bco\bom\bmp\bp
If set, the programmable completion facilities (see P\bPr\bro\bo-\b-
enabled by default.
p\bpr\bro\bom\bmp\bpt\btv\bva\bar\brs\bs
If set, prompt strings undergo parameter expansion, com-
- mand substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote
- removal after being expanded as described in P\bPR\bRO\bOM\bMP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bNG\bG
+ mand substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote
+ removal after being expanded as described in P\bPR\bRO\bOM\bMP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bNG\bG
above. This option is enabled by default.
r\bre\bes\bst\btr\bri\bic\bct\bte\bed\bd_\b_s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl
- The shell sets this option if it is started in
+ The shell sets this option if it is started in
restricted mode (see R\bRE\bES\bST\bTR\bRI\bIC\bCT\bTE\bED\bD S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL below). The value
- may not be changed. This is not reset when the startup
- files are executed, allowing the startup files to dis-
+ may not be changed. This is not reset when the startup
+ files are executed, allowing the startup files to dis-
cover whether or not a shell is restricted.
s\bsh\bhi\bif\bft\bt_\b_v\bve\ber\brb\bbo\bos\bse\be
- If set, the s\bsh\bhi\bif\bft\bt builtin prints an error message when
+ If set, the s\bsh\bhi\bif\bft\bt builtin prints an error message when
the shift count exceeds the number of positional parame-
ters.
s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\bep\bpa\bat\bth\bh
If set, the s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be (.\b.) builtin uses the value of P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH to
- find the directory containing the file supplied as an
+ find the directory containing the file supplied as an
argument. This option is enabled by default.
x\bxp\bpg\bg_\b_e\bec\bch\bho\bo
- If set, the e\bec\bch\bho\bo builtin expands backslash-escape
+ If set, the e\bec\bch\bho\bo builtin expands backslash-escape
sequences by default.
s\bsu\bus\bsp\bpe\ben\bnd\bd [-\b-f\bf]
- Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a S\bSI\bIG\bGC\bCO\bON\bNT\bT
- signal. The -\b-f\bf option says not to complain if this is a login
- shell; just suspend anyway. The return status is 0 unless the
+ Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a S\bSI\bIG\bGC\bCO\bON\bNT\bT
+ signal. The -\b-f\bf option says not to complain if this is a login
+ shell; just suspend anyway. The return status is 0 unless the
shell is a login shell and -\b-f\bf is not supplied, or if job control
is not enabled.
t\bte\bes\bst\bt _\be_\bx_\bp_\br
[\b[ _\be_\bx_\bp_\br ]\b]
- Return a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the
- conditional expression _\be_\bx_\bp_\br. Each operator and operand must be
- a separate argument. Expressions are composed of the primaries
- described above under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS. t\bte\bes\bst\bt does not
+ Return a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the
+ conditional expression _\be_\bx_\bp_\br. Each operator and operand must be
+ a separate argument. Expressions are composed of the primaries
+ described above under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS. t\bte\bes\bst\bt does not
accept any options, nor does it accept and ignore an argument of
-\b--\b- as signifying the end of options.
- Expressions may be combined using the following operators,
+ Expressions may be combined using the following operators,
listed in decreasing order of precedence. The evaluation
depends on the number of arguments; see below.
!\b! _\be_\bx_\bp_\br True if _\be_\bx_\bp_\br is false.
(\b( _\be_\bx_\bp_\br )\b)
- Returns the value of _\be_\bx_\bp_\br. This may be used to override
+ Returns the value of _\be_\bx_\bp_\br. This may be used to override
the normal precedence of operators.
_\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b1 -a\ba _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b2
True if both _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b1 and _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b2 are true.
null.
2 arguments
If the first argument is !\b!, the expression is true if and
- only if the second argument is null. If the first argu-
- ment is one of the unary conditional operators listed
- above under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS, the expression is
+ only if the second argument is null. If the first argu-
+ ment is one of the unary conditional operators listed
+ above under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS, the expression is
true if the unary test is true. If the first argument is
not a valid unary conditional operator, the expression is
false.
3 arguments
- If the second argument is one of the binary conditional
+ If the second argument is one of the binary conditional
operators listed above under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS, the
result of the expression is the result of the binary test
- using the first and third arguments as operands. The -\b-a\ba
- and -\b-o\bo operators are considered binary operators when
- there are three arguments. If the first argument is !\b!,
- the value is the negation of the two-argument test using
+ using the first and third arguments as operands. The -\b-a\ba
+ and -\b-o\bo operators are considered binary operators when
+ there are three arguments. If the first argument is !\b!,
+ the value is the negation of the two-argument test using
the second and third arguments. If the first argument is
exactly (\b( and the third argument is exactly )\b), the result
- is the one-argument test of the second argument. Other-
+ is the one-argument test of the second argument. Other-
wise, the expression is false.
4 arguments
If the first argument is !\b!, the result is the negation of
- the three-argument expression composed of the remaining
+ the three-argument expression composed of the remaining
arguments. Otherwise, the expression is parsed and eval-
- uated according to precedence using the rules listed
+ uated according to precedence using the rules listed
above.
5 or more arguments
- The expression is parsed and evaluated according to
+ The expression is parsed and evaluated according to
precedence using the rules listed above.
- t\bti\bim\bme\bes\bs Print the accumulated user and system times for the shell and
+ t\bti\bim\bme\bes\bs Print the accumulated user and system times for the shell and
for processes run from the shell. The return status is 0.
t\btr\bra\bap\bp [-\b-l\blp\bp] [[_\ba_\br_\bg] _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc ...]
- The command _\ba_\br_\bg is to be read and executed when the shell
- receives signal(s) _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc. If _\ba_\br_\bg is absent (and there is a
- single _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc) or -\b-, each specified signal is reset to its
- original disposition (the value it had upon entrance to the
- shell). If _\ba_\br_\bg is the null string the signal specified by each
- _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is ignored by the shell and by the commands it invokes.
- If _\ba_\br_\bg is not present and -\b-p\bp has been supplied, then the trap
- commands associated with each _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc are displayed. If no
- arguments are supplied or if only -\b-p\bp is given, t\btr\bra\bap\bp prints the
- list of commands associated with each signal. The -\b-l\bl option
- causes the shell to print a list of signal names and their cor-
- responding numbers. Each _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is either a signal name
- defined in <_\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\ba_\bl_\b._\bh>, or a signal number. Signal names are
- case insensitive and the SIG prefix is optional. If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc
- is E\bEX\bXI\bIT\bT (0) the command _\ba_\br_\bg is executed on exit from the shell.
- If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG, the command _\ba_\br_\bg is executed before every
+ The command _\ba_\br_\bg is to be read and executed when the shell
+ receives signal(s) _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc. If _\ba_\br_\bg is absent (and there is a
+ single _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc) or -\b-, each specified signal is reset to its
+ original disposition (the value it had upon entrance to the
+ shell). If _\ba_\br_\bg is the null string the signal specified by each
+ _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is ignored by the shell and by the commands it invokes.
+ If _\ba_\br_\bg is not present and -\b-p\bp has been supplied, then the trap
+ commands associated with each _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc are displayed. If no
+ arguments are supplied or if only -\b-p\bp is given, t\btr\bra\bap\bp prints the
+ list of commands associated with each signal. The -\b-l\bl option
+ causes the shell to print a list of signal names and their cor-
+ responding numbers. Each _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is either a signal name
+ defined in <_\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\ba_\bl_\b._\bh>, or a signal number. Signal names are
+ case insensitive and the SIG prefix is optional. If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc
+ is E\bEX\bXI\bIT\bT (0) the command _\ba_\br_\bg is executed on exit from the shell.
+ If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG, the command _\ba_\br_\bg is executed before every
_\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd, _\bf_\bo_\br command, _\bc_\ba_\bs_\be command, _\bs_\be_\bl_\be_\bc_\bt command, every
arithmetic _\bf_\bo_\br command, and before the first command executes in
- a shell function (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR above). Refer to the
- description of the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg option to the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin for
- details of its effect on the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap. If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is E\bER\bRR\bR,
- the command _\ba_\br_\bg is executed whenever a simple command has a
- non-zero exit status, subject to the following conditions. The
- E\bER\bRR\bR trap is not executed if the failed command is part of the
- command list immediately following a w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be or u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl keyword,
- part of the test in an _\bi_\bf statement, part of a command executed
- in a &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b| list, or if the command's return value is being
- inverted via !\b!. These are the same conditions obeyed by the
+ a shell function (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR above). Refer to the
+ description of the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg option to the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin for
+ details of its effect on the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap. If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is E\bER\bRR\bR,
+ the command _\ba_\br_\bg is executed whenever a simple command has a
+ non-zero exit status, subject to the following conditions. The
+ E\bER\bRR\bR trap is not executed if the failed command is part of the
+ command list immediately following a w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be or u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl keyword,
+ part of the test in an _\bi_\bf statement, part of a command executed
+ in a &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b| list, or if the command's return value is being
+ inverted via !\b!. These are the same conditions obeyed by the
e\ber\brr\bre\bex\bxi\bit\bt option. If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN, the command _\ba_\br_\bg is exe-
cuted each time a shell function or a script executed with the .\b.
- or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be builtins finishes executing. Signals ignored upon
- entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset. Trapped signals
+ or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be builtins finishes executing. Signals ignored upon
+ entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset. Trapped signals
that are not being ignored are reset to their original values in
- a child process when it is created. The return status is false
+ a child process when it is created. The return status is false
if any _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is invalid; otherwise t\btr\bra\bap\bp returns true.
t\bty\byp\bpe\be [-\b-a\baf\bft\btp\bpP\bP] _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- With no options, indicate how each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be would be interpreted if
+ With no options, indicate how each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be would be interpreted if
used as a command name. If the -\b-t\bt option is used, t\bty\byp\bpe\be prints a
- string which is one of _\ba_\bl_\bi_\ba_\bs, _\bk_\be_\by_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn, _\bb_\bu_\bi_\bl_\bt_\bi_\bn, or
- _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be if _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is an alias, shell reserved word, function,
- builtin, or disk file, respectively. If the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not found,
- then nothing is printed, and an exit status of false is
- returned. If the -\b-p\bp option is used, t\bty\byp\bpe\be either returns the
+ string which is one of _\ba_\bl_\bi_\ba_\bs, _\bk_\be_\by_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn, _\bb_\bu_\bi_\bl_\bt_\bi_\bn, or
+ _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be if _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is an alias, shell reserved word, function,
+ builtin, or disk file, respectively. If the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not found,
+ then nothing is printed, and an exit status of false is
+ returned. If the -\b-p\bp option is used, t\bty\byp\bpe\be either returns the
name of the disk file that would be executed if _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be were speci-
fied as a command name, or nothing if ``type -t name'' would not
- return _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be. The -\b-P\bP option forces a P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH search for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be,
+ return _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be. The -\b-P\bP option forces a P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH search for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be,
even if ``type -t name'' would not return _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be. If a command is
- hashed, -\b-p\bp and -\b-P\bP print the hashed value, not necessarily the
+ hashed, -\b-p\bp and -\b-P\bP print the hashed value, not necessarily the
file that appears first in P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH. If the -\b-a\ba option is used, t\bty\byp\bpe\be
- prints all of the places that contain an executable named _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.
- This includes aliases and functions, if and only if the -\b-p\bp
- option is not also used. The table of hashed commands is not
- consulted when using -\b-a\ba. The -\b-f\bf option suppresses shell func-
- tion lookup, as with the c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd builtin. t\bty\byp\bpe\be returns true if
+ prints all of the places that contain an executable named _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.
+ This includes aliases and functions, if and only if the -\b-p\bp
+ option is not also used. The table of hashed commands is not
+ consulted when using -\b-a\ba. The -\b-f\bf option suppresses shell func-
+ tion lookup, as with the c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd builtin. t\bty\byp\bpe\be returns true if
any of the arguments are found, false if none are found.
u\bul\bli\bim\bmi\bit\bt [-\b-S\bSH\bHa\bac\bcd\bde\bef\bfi\bil\blm\bmn\bnp\bpq\bqr\brs\bst\btu\buv\bvx\bx [_\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt]]
- Provides control over the resources available to the shell and
- to processes started by it, on systems that allow such control.
+ Provides control over the resources available to the shell and
+ to processes started by it, on systems that allow such control.
The -\b-H\bH and -\b-S\bS options specify that the hard or soft limit is set
- for the given resource. A hard limit cannot be increased by a
- non-root user once it is set; a soft limit may be increased up
- to the value of the hard limit. If neither -\b-H\bH nor -\b-S\bS is speci-
+ for the given resource. A hard limit cannot be increased by a
+ non-root user once it is set; a soft limit may be increased up
+ to the value of the hard limit. If neither -\b-H\bH nor -\b-S\bS is speci-
fied, both the soft and hard limits are set. The value of _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt
can be a number in the unit specified for the resource or one of
the special values h\bha\bar\brd\bd, s\bso\bof\bft\bt, or u\bun\bnl\bli\bim\bmi\bit\bte\bed\bd, which stand for the
- current hard limit, the current soft limit, and no limit,
- respectively. If _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt is omitted, the current value of the
- soft limit of the resource is printed, unless the -\b-H\bH option is
+ current hard limit, the current soft limit, and no limit,
+ respectively. If _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt is omitted, the current value of the
+ soft limit of the resource is printed, unless the -\b-H\bH option is
given. When more than one resource is specified, the limit name
and unit are printed before the value. Other options are inter-
preted as follows:
-\b-c\bc The maximum size of core files created
-\b-d\bd The maximum size of a process's data segment
-\b-e\be The maximum scheduling priority ("nice")
- -\b-f\bf The maximum size of files written by the shell and its
+ -\b-f\bf The maximum size of files written by the shell and its
children
-\b-i\bi The maximum number of pending signals
-\b-l\bl The maximum size that may be locked into memory
-\b-r\br The maximum real-time scheduling priority
-\b-s\bs The maximum stack size
-\b-t\bt The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds
- -\b-u\bu The maximum number of processes available to a single
+ -\b-u\bu The maximum number of processes available to a single
user
- -\b-v\bv The maximum amount of virtual memory available to the
+ -\b-v\bv The maximum amount of virtual memory available to the
shell
-\b-x\bx The maximum number of file locks
If _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt is given, it is the new value of the specified resource
(the -\b-a\ba option is display only). If no option is given, then -\b-f\bf
- is assumed. Values are in 1024-byte increments, except for -\b-t\bt,
- which is in seconds, -\b-p\bp, which is in units of 512-byte blocks,
- and -\b-n\bn and -\b-u\bu, which are unscaled values. The return status is
- 0 unless an invalid option or argument is supplied, or an error
+ is assumed. Values are in 1024-byte increments, except for -\b-t\bt,
+ which is in seconds, -\b-p\bp, which is in units of 512-byte blocks,
+ and -\b-n\bn and -\b-u\bu, which are unscaled values. The return status is
+ 0 unless an invalid option or argument is supplied, or an error
occurs while setting a new limit.
u\bum\bma\bas\bsk\bk [-\b-p\bp] [-\b-S\bS] [_\bm_\bo_\bd_\be]
The user file-creation mask is set to _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be. If _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be begins with
- a digit, it is interpreted as an octal number; otherwise it is
- interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that accepted by
- _\bc_\bh_\bm_\bo_\bd(1). If _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be is omitted, the current value of the mask is
- printed. The -\b-S\bS option causes the mask to be printed in sym-
- bolic form; the default output is an octal number. If the -\b-p\bp
+ a digit, it is interpreted as an octal number; otherwise it is
+ interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that accepted by
+ _\bc_\bh_\bm_\bo_\bd(1). If _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be is omitted, the current value of the mask is
+ printed. The -\b-S\bS option causes the mask to be printed in sym-
+ bolic form; the default output is an octal number. If the -\b-p\bp
option is supplied, and _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be is omitted, the output is in a form
that may be reused as input. The return status is 0 if the mode
- was successfully changed or if no _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be argument was supplied,
+ was successfully changed or if no _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be argument was supplied,
and false otherwise.
u\bun\bna\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs [-a\ba] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- Remove each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be from the list of defined aliases. If -\b-a\ba is
- supplied, all alias definitions are removed. The return value
+ Remove each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be from the list of defined aliases. If -\b-a\ba is
+ supplied, all alias definitions are removed. The return value
is true unless a supplied _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a defined alias.
u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt [-f\bfv\bv] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- For each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, remove the corresponding variable or function.
+ For each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, remove the corresponding variable or function.
If no options are supplied, or the -\b-v\bv option is given, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
- refers to a shell variable. Read-only variables may not be
- unset. If -\b-f\bf is specified, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be refers to a shell func-
- tion, and the function definition is removed. Each unset vari-
- able or function is removed from the environment passed to sub-
- sequent commands. If any of R\bRA\bAN\bND\bDO\bOM\bM, S\bSE\bEC\bCO\bON\bND\bDS\bS, L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO, H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCM\bMD\bD,
+ refers to a shell variable. Read-only variables may not be
+ unset. If -\b-f\bf is specified, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be refers to a shell func-
+ tion, and the function definition is removed. Each unset vari-
+ able or function is removed from the environment passed to sub-
+ sequent commands. If any of R\bRA\bAN\bND\bDO\bOM\bM, S\bSE\bEC\bCO\bON\bND\bDS\bS, L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO, H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCM\bMD\bD,
F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE, G\bGR\bRO\bOU\bUP\bPS\bS, or D\bDI\bIR\bRS\bST\bTA\bAC\bCK\bK are unset, they lose their special
- properties, even if they are subsequently reset. The exit sta-
+ properties, even if they are subsequently reset. The exit sta-
tus is true unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is readonly.
w\bwa\bai\bit\bt [_\bn _\b._\b._\b.]
- Wait for each specified process and return its termination sta-
- tus. Each _\bn may be a process ID or a job specification; if a
- job spec is given, all processes in that job's pipeline are
- waited for. If _\bn is not given, all currently active child pro-
- cesses are waited for, and the return status is zero. If _\bn
- specifies a non-existent process or job, the return status is
- 127. Otherwise, the return status is the exit status of the
+ Wait for each specified process and return its termination sta-
+ tus. Each _\bn may be a process ID or a job specification; if a
+ job spec is given, all processes in that job's pipeline are
+ waited for. If _\bn is not given, all currently active child pro-
+ cesses are waited for, and the return status is zero. If _\bn
+ specifies a non-existent process or job, the return status is
+ 127. Otherwise, the return status is the exit status of the
last process or job waited for.
R\bRE\bES\bST\bTR\bRI\bIC\bCT\bTE\bED\bD S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL
If b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is started with the name r\brb\bba\bas\bsh\bh, or the -\b-r\br option is supplied at
- invocation, the shell becomes restricted. A restricted shell is used
- to set up an environment more controlled than the standard shell. It
- behaves identically to b\bba\bas\bsh\bh with the exception that the following are
+ invocation, the shell becomes restricted. A restricted shell is used
+ to set up an environment more controlled than the standard shell. It
+ behaves identically to b\bba\bas\bsh\bh with the exception that the following are
disallowed or not performed:
+\bo changing directories with c\bcd\bd
+\bo specifying command names containing /\b/
- +\bo specifying a file name containing a /\b/ as an argument to the .\b.
+ +\bo specifying a file name containing a /\b/ as an argument to the .\b.
builtin command
- +\bo Specifying a filename containing a slash as an argument to the
+ +\bo Specifying a filename containing a slash as an argument to the
-\b-p\bp option to the h\bha\bas\bsh\bh builtin command
- +\bo importing function definitions from the shell environment at
+ +\bo importing function definitions from the shell environment at
startup
- +\bo parsing the value of S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bLO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS from the shell environment at
+ +\bo parsing the value of S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bLO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS from the shell environment at
startup
+\bo redirecting output using the >, >|, <>, >&, &>, and >> redirect-
+\bo using the e\bex\bxe\bec\bc builtin command to replace the shell with another
command
- +\bo adding or deleting builtin commands with the -\b-f\bf and -\b-d\bd options
+ +\bo adding or deleting builtin commands with the -\b-f\bf and -\b-d\bd options
to the e\ben\bna\bab\bbl\ble\be builtin command
- +\bo Using the e\ben\bna\bab\bbl\ble\be builtin command to enable disabled shell
+ +\bo Using the e\ben\bna\bab\bbl\ble\be builtin command to enable disabled shell
builtins
+\bo specifying the -\b-p\bp option to the c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd builtin command
These restrictions are enforced after any startup files are read.
When a command that is found to be a shell script is executed (see C\bCO\bOM\bM-\b-
- M\bMA\bAN\bND\bD E\bEX\bXE\bEC\bCU\bUT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN above), r\brb\bba\bas\bsh\bh turns off any restrictions in the shell
+ M\bMA\bAN\bND\bD E\bEX\bXE\bEC\bCU\bUT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN above), r\brb\bba\bas\bsh\bh turns off any restrictions in the shell
spawned to execute the script.
S\bSE\bEE\bE A\bAL\bLS\bSO\bO
_\bB_\ba_\bs_\bh _\bR_\be_\bf_\be_\br_\be_\bn_\bc_\be _\bM_\ba_\bn_\bu_\ba_\bl, Brian Fox and Chet Ramey
_\bT_\bh_\be _\bG_\bn_\bu _\bR_\be_\ba_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be _\bL_\bi_\bb_\br_\ba_\br_\by, Brian Fox and Chet Ramey
_\bT_\bh_\be _\bG_\bn_\bu _\bH_\bi_\bs_\bt_\bo_\br_\by _\bL_\bi_\bb_\br_\ba_\br_\by, Brian Fox and Chet Ramey
- _\bP_\bo_\br_\bt_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be _\bO_\bp_\be_\br_\ba_\bt_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bS_\by_\bs_\bt_\be_\bm _\bI_\bn_\bt_\be_\br_\bf_\ba_\bc_\be _\b(_\bP_\bO_\bS_\bI_\bX_\b) _\bP_\ba_\br_\bt _\b2_\b: _\bS_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl _\ba_\bn_\bd _\bU_\bt_\bi_\bl_\bi_\b-
+ _\bP_\bo_\br_\bt_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be _\bO_\bp_\be_\br_\ba_\bt_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bS_\by_\bs_\bt_\be_\bm _\bI_\bn_\bt_\be_\br_\bf_\ba_\bc_\be _\b(_\bP_\bO_\bS_\bI_\bX_\b) _\bP_\ba_\br_\bt _\b2_\b: _\bS_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl _\ba_\bn_\bd _\bU_\bt_\bi_\bl_\bi_\b-
_\bt_\bi_\be_\bs, IEEE
_\bs_\bh(1), _\bk_\bs_\bh(1), _\bc_\bs_\bh(1)
_\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs(1), _\bv_\bi(1)
_\b~_\b/_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\br_\bc
The individual per-interactive-shell startup file
_\b~_\b/_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\b__\bl_\bo_\bg_\bo_\bu_\bt
- The individual login shell cleanup file, executed when a login
+ The individual login shell cleanup file, executed when a login
shell exits
_\b~_\b/_\b._\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc
Individual _\br_\be_\ba_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be initialization file
B\bBU\bUG\bG R\bRE\bEP\bPO\bOR\bRT\bTS\bS
If you find a bug in b\bba\bas\bsh\bh,\b, you should report it. But first, you should
- make sure that it really is a bug, and that it appears in the latest
- version of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh. The latest version is always available from
+ make sure that it really is a bug, and that it appears in the latest
+ version of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh. The latest version is always available from
_\bf_\bt_\bp_\b:_\b/_\b/_\bf_\bt_\bp_\b._\bg_\bn_\bu_\b._\bo_\br_\bg_\b/_\bp_\bu_\bb_\b/_\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\b/.
- Once you have determined that a bug actually exists, use the _\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\bb_\bu_\bg
- command to submit a bug report. If you have a fix, you are encouraged
- to mail that as well! Suggestions and `philosophical' bug reports may
- be mailed to _\bb_\bu_\bg_\b-_\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\b@_\bg_\bn_\bu_\b._\bo_\br_\bg or posted to the Usenet newsgroup
+ Once you have determined that a bug actually exists, use the _\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\bb_\bu_\bg
+ command to submit a bug report. If you have a fix, you are encouraged
+ to mail that as well! Suggestions and `philosophical' bug reports may
+ be mailed to _\bb_\bu_\bg_\b-_\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\b@_\bg_\bn_\bu_\b._\bo_\br_\bg or posted to the Usenet newsgroup
g\bgn\bnu\bu.\b.b\bba\bas\bsh\bh.\b.b\bbu\bug\bg.
ALL bug reports should include:
A description of the bug behaviour
A short script or `recipe' which exercises the bug
- _\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\bb_\bu_\bg inserts the first three items automatically into the template
+ _\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\bb_\bu_\bg inserts the first three items automatically into the template
it provides for filing a bug report.
Comments and bug reports concerning this manual page should be directed
Shell builtin commands and functions are not stoppable/restartable.
Compound commands and command sequences of the form `a ; b ; c' are not
- handled gracefully when process suspension is attempted. When a
- process is stopped, the shell immediately executes the next command in
- the sequence. It suffices to place the sequence of commands between
- parentheses to force it into a subshell, which may be stopped as a
+ handled gracefully when process suspension is attempted. When a
+ process is stopped, the shell immediately executes the next command in
+ the sequence. It suffices to place the sequence of commands between
+ parentheses to force it into a subshell, which may be stopped as a
unit.
- Commands inside of $\b$(\b(...)\b) command substitution are not parsed until
- substitution is attempted. This will delay error reporting until some
+ Commands inside of $\b$(\b(...)\b) command substitution are not parsed until
+ substitution is attempted. This will delay error reporting until some
time after the command is entered. For example, unmatched parentheses,
- even inside shell comments, will result in error messages while the
+ even inside shell comments, will result in error messages while the
construct is being read.
Array variables may not (yet) be exported.
-GNU Bash-3.2 2007 December 5 BASH(1)
+GNU Bash-3.2 2008 February 22 BASH(1)
.BR bash .
.TP
.B BASHPID
-Expands to the process id of the current bash process.
+Expands to the process id of the current \fBbash\fP process.
This differs from \fB$$\fP under certain circumstances, such as subshells
-that do not require bash to be re-initialized.
+that do not require \fBbash\fP to be re-initialized.
.TP
.B BASH_ARGC
An array variable whose values are the number of parameters in each
-frame of the current bash execution call stack.
+frame of the current \fBbash\fP execution call stack.
The number of
parameters to the current subroutine (shell function or script executed
with \fB.\fP or \fBsource\fP) is at the top of the stack.
builtin below)
.TP
.B BASH_ARGV
-An array variable containing all of the parameters in the current bash
+An array variable containing all of the parameters in the current \fBbash\fP
execution call stack. The final parameter of the last subroutine call
is at the top of the stack; the first parameter of the initial call is
at the bottom. When a subroutine is executed, the parameters supplied
longer exists, a normal path search is performed.
.TP 8
.B checkjobs
-If set, bash lists the status of any stopped and running jobs before
+If set, \fBbash\fP lists the status of any stopped and running jobs before
exiting an interactive shell. If any jobs are running, this causes
the exit to be deferred until a second exit is attempted without an
intervening command (see \fBJOB CONTROL\fP above). The shell always
</HEAD>
<BODY><TABLE WIDTH=100%>
<TR>
-<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>BASH(1)<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2007 December 5<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
+<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>BASH(1)<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2008 February 22<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
</TR>
</TABLE>
<BR><A HREF="#index">Index</A>
<H3>COPYRIGHT</H3>
-Bash is Copyright © 1989-2007 by the Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Bash is Copyright © 1989-2008 by the Free Software Foundation, Inc.
<A NAME="lbAE"> </A>
<H3>DESCRIPTION</H3>
<DT><B>?</B>
<DD>
-Expands to the status of the most recently executed foreground
+Expands to the exit status of the most recently executed foreground
pipeline.
<DT><B>-</B>
<A NAME="lbBZ"> </A>
<H3>EXIT STATUS</H3>
+<P>
+
+The exit status of an executed command is the value returned by the
+<I>waitpid</I> system call or equivalent function. Exit statuses
+fall between 0 and 255, though, as explained below, the shell may
+use values above 125 specially. Exit statuses from shell builtins and
+compound commands are also limited to this range. Under certain
+circumstances, the shell will use special values to indicate specific
+failure modes.
+<P>
+
For the shell's purposes, a command which exits with a
zero exit status has succeeded. An exit status of zero
indicates success. A non-zero exit status indicates failure.
attempts to save all lines of a multiple-line
command in the same history entry. This allows
easy re-editing of multi-line commands.
+<DT><B>compat31</B>
+
+<DD>
+If set,
+<B>bash</B>
+
+changes its behavior to that of version 3.1 with respect to quoted
+arguments to the conditional command's =~ operator.
<DT><B>dotglob</B>
<DD>
<HR>
<TABLE WIDTH=100%>
<TR>
-<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>GNU Bash-3.2<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2007 December 5<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
+<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>GNU Bash-3.2<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2008 February 22<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
</TR>
</TABLE>
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-(the hostname up to the \214rst `.)27.66 E(')-.7 E F2(\\H)144 228 Q F0
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(xpanded via parameter e)-.15 F .546(xpansion, command substitu-)-.15 F
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--.25(va)-.15 G .352(l, subject to the v).25 F .352(alue of the)-.25 F F2
-(pr)2.852 E(omptv)-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 .352(shell option \(see the)2.852
-F(description of the)108 568.8 Q F2(shopt)2.5 E F0(command under)2.5 E
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(This is the library that handles reading input when using an interacti)
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--.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F2
-(Readline Notation)87 650.4 Q F0 .567
-(In this section, the emacs-style notation is used to denote k)108 662.4
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-(hen hold).15 F(the Control k)108 710.4 Q .3 -.15(ey w)-.1 H
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+(literal ")27.67 E F2<5c08>144 184.8 Q F0(literal \010)30.44 E(In addit\
+ion to the GNU Emacs style escape sequences, a second set of backslash \
+escapes is a)108 201.6 Q -.25(va)-.2 G(ilable:).25 E F2(\\a)144 213.6 Q
+F0(alert \(bell\))28.22 E F2(\\b)144 225.6 Q F0(backspace)27.66 E F2
+(\\d)144 237.6 Q F0(delete)27.66 E F2(\\f)144 249.6 Q F0(form feed)29.89
+E F2(\\n)144 261.6 Q F0(ne)27.66 E(wline)-.25 E F2(\\r)144 273.6 Q F0
+(carriage return)28.78 E F2(\\t)144 285.6 Q F0(horizontal tab)29.89 E F2
+(\\v)144 297.6 Q F0 -.15(ve)28.22 G(rtical tab).15 E F2(\\)144 309.6 Q
+F1(nnn)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)18.22 E(alue is the octal v)
+-.25 E(alue)-.25 E F1(nnn)2.5 E F0(\(one to three digits\))2.5 E F2(\\x)
+144 321.6 Q F1(HH)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)13.78 E
+(alue is the he)-.25 E(xadecimal v)-.15 E(alue)-.25 E F1(HH)2.5 E F0
+(\(one or tw)2.5 E 2.5(oh)-.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E 1.142
+(When entering the te)108 338.4 R 1.141(xt of a macro, single or double\
+ quotes must be used to indicate a macro de\214nition.)-.15 F .089
+(Unquoted te)108 350.4 R .089(xt is assumed to be a function name.)-.15
+F .09(In the macro body)5.089 F 2.59(,t)-.65 G .09
+(he backslash escapes described abo)-2.59 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(are e)108
+362.4 Q 2.5(xpanded. Backslash)-.15 F(will quote an)2.5 E 2.5(yo)-.15 G
(ther character in the macro te)-2.5 E(xt, including " and \010.)-.15 E
-F1(Bash)108 350.4 Q F0(allo)2.929 E .429(ws the current readline k)-.25
-F .729 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .429
-(indings to be displayed or modi\214ed with the).15 F F1(bind)2.93 E F0
--.2(bu)2.93 G .43(iltin command.).2 F .046
-(The editing mode may be switched during interacti)108 362.4 R .346 -.15
-(ve u)-.25 H .046(se by using the).15 F F1<ad6f>2.545 E F0 .045
-(option to the)2.545 F F1(set)2.545 E F0 -.2(bu)2.545 G .045
-(iltin command).2 F(\(see)108 374.4 Q/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)2.5 E
-(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1
-(Readline V)87 391.2 Q(ariables)-.92 E F0 .043(Readline has v)108 403.2
-R .043(ariables that can be used to further customize its beha)-.25 F
+F2(Bash)108 379.2 Q F0(allo)2.93 E .43(ws the current readline k)-.25 F
+.73 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .429(indings to be displayed or modi\214ed with the)
+.15 F F2(bind)2.929 E F0 -.2(bu)2.929 G .429(iltin command.).2 F .045
+(The editing mode may be switched during interacti)108 391.2 R .345 -.15
+(ve u)-.25 H .046(se by using the).15 F F2<ad6f>2.546 E F0 .046
+(option to the)2.546 F F2(set)2.546 E F0 -.2(bu)2.546 G .046
+(iltin command).2 F(\(see)108 403.2 Q/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)2.5 E
+(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F2
+(Readline V)87 420 Q(ariables)-.92 E F0 .044(Readline has v)108 432 R
+.043(ariables that can be used to further customize its beha)-.25 F
(vior)-.2 E 5.043(.A)-.55 G -.25(va)-2.5 G .043
-(riable may be set in the).25 F F2(inpu-)2.554 E(tr)108 415.2 Q(c)-.37 E
-F0(\214le with a statement of the form)2.81 E F1(set)144 432 Q F2
+(riable may be set in the).25 F F1(inpu-)2.553 E(tr)108 444 Q(c)-.37 E
+F0(\214le with a statement of the form)2.81 E F2(set)144 460.8 Q F1
(variable\255name value)2.5 E F0 .79(Except where noted, readline v)108
-448.8 R .79(ariables can tak)-.25 F 3.29(et)-.1 G .79(he v)-3.29 F
-(alues)-.25 E F1(On)3.29 E F0(or)3.29 E F1(Off)3.29 E F0 .79
+477.6 R .79(ariables can tak)-.25 F 3.29(et)-.1 G .79(he v)-3.29 F
+(alues)-.25 E F2(On)3.29 E F0(or)3.29 E F2(Off)3.29 E F0 .79
(\(without re)3.29 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .79(rd to case\).).05 F(Unrecog-)
-5.79 E .448(nized v)108 460.8 R .448(ariable names are ignored.)-.25 F
+5.79 E .449(nized v)108 489.6 R .448(ariable names are ignored.)-.25 F
.448(When a v)5.448 F .448(ariable v)-.25 F .448
-(alue is read, empty or null v)-.25 F .449(alues, "on" \(case-insensi-)
--.25 F(ti)108 472.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .468(\), and "1" are equi).15 F
--.25(va)-.25 G .468(lent to).25 F F1(On)2.968 E F0 5.468(.A)C .468
+(alue is read, empty or null v)-.25 F .448(alues, "on" \(case-insensi-)
+-.25 F(ti)108 501.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .467(\), and "1" are equi).15 F
+-.25(va)-.25 G .468(lent to).25 F F2(On)2.968 E F0 5.468(.A)C .468
(ll other v)-5.468 F .468(alues are equi)-.25 F -.25(va)-.25 G .468
-(lent to).25 F F1(Off)2.968 E F0 5.468(.T)C .467(he v)-5.468 F .467
-(ariables and their def)-.25 F(ault)-.1 E -.25(va)108 484.8 S(lues are:)
-.25 E F1(bell\255style \(audible\))108 501.6 Q F0 .01
-(Controls what happens when readline w)144 513.6 R .011
-(ants to ring the terminal bell.)-.1 F .011(If set to)5.011 F F1(none)
-2.511 E F0 2.511(,r)C .011(eadline ne)-2.511 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E
-.94(rings the bell.)144 525.6 R .94(If set to)5.94 F F1(visible)3.44 E
-F0 3.44(,r)C .94(eadline uses a visible bell if one is a)-3.44 F -.25
-(va)-.2 G 3.44(ilable. If).25 F .94(set to)3.44 F F1(audible)3.44 E F0
-(,)A(readline attempts to ring the terminal')144 537.6 Q 2.5(sb)-.55 G
-(ell.)-2.5 E F1(bind\255tty\255special\255chars \(On\))108 549.6 Q F0
-.055(If set to)144 561.6 R F1(On)2.555 E F0 2.555(,r)C .056(eadline att\
-empts to bind the control characters treated specially by the k)-2.555 F
-(ernel')-.1 E 2.556(st)-.55 G(ermi-)-2.556 E(nal dri)144 573.6 Q -.15
+(lent to).25 F F2(Off)2.968 E F0 5.468(.T)C .468(he v)-5.468 F .468
+(ariables and their def)-.25 F(ault)-.1 E -.25(va)108 513.6 S(lues are:)
+.25 E F2(bell\255style \(audible\))108 530.4 Q F0 .011
+(Controls what happens when readline w)144 542.4 R .011
+(ants to ring the terminal bell.)-.1 F .01(If set to)5.01 F F2(none)2.51
+E F0 2.51(,r)C .01(eadline ne)-2.51 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E .94
+(rings the bell.)144 554.4 R .94(If set to)5.94 F F2(visible)3.44 E F0
+3.44(,r)C .94(eadline uses a visible bell if one is a)-3.44 F -.25(va)
+-.2 G 3.44(ilable. If).25 F .94(set to)3.44 F F2(audible)3.44 E F0(,)A
+(readline attempts to ring the terminal')144 566.4 Q 2.5(sb)-.55 G(ell.)
+-2.5 E F2(bind\255tty\255special\255chars \(On\))108 578.4 Q F0 .056
+(If set to)144 590.4 R F2(On)2.556 E F0 2.556(,r)C .056(eadline attempt\
+s to bind the control characters treated specially by the k)-2.556 F
+(ernel')-.1 E 2.555(st)-.55 G(ermi-)-2.555 E(nal dri)144 602.4 Q -.15
(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rt).15 G 2.5(ot)-2.5 G(heir readline equi)-2.5 E -.25(va)
--.25 G(lents.).25 E F1(comment\255begin \(`)108 585.6 Q(`#')-.63 E('\))
--.63 E F0 .885(The string that is inserted when the readline)144 597.6 R
-F1(insert\255comment)3.385 E F0 .884(command is e)3.384 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
-3.384(cuted. This).15 F(com-)3.384 E(mand is bound to)144 609.6 Q F1
-(M\255#)2.5 E F0(in emacs mode and to)2.5 E F1(#)2.5 E F0
-(in vi command mode.)2.5 E F1(completion\255ignor)108 621.6 Q
-(e\255case \(Off\))-.18 E F0(If set to)144 633.6 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5
+-.25 G(lents.).25 E F2(comment\255begin \(`)108 614.4 Q(`#')-.63 E('\))
+-.63 E F0 .884(The string that is inserted when the readline)144 626.4 R
+F2(insert\255comment)3.385 E F0 .885(command is e)3.385 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
+3.385(cuted. This).15 F(com-)3.385 E(mand is bound to)144 638.4 Q F2
+(M\255#)2.5 E F0(in emacs mode and to)2.5 E F2(#)2.5 E F0
+(in vi command mode.)2.5 E F2(completion\255ignor)108 650.4 Q
+(e\255case \(Off\))-.18 E F0(If set to)144 662.4 Q F2(On)2.5 E F0 2.5
(,r)C(eadline performs \214lename matching and completion in a case\255\
-insensiti)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve f)-.25 H(ashion.).05 E F1
-(completion\255query\255items \(100\))108 645.6 Q F0 .529
-(This determines when the user is queried about vie)144 657.6 R .53
-(wing the number of possible completions gen-)-.25 F .561(erated by the)
-144 669.6 R F1(possible\255completions)3.061 E F0 3.061(command. It)
-3.061 F .561(may be set to an)3.061 F 3.06(yi)-.15 G(nte)-3.06 E .56
-(ger v)-.15 F .56(alue greater than or)-.25 F .782(equal to zero.)144
-681.6 R .783(If the number of possible completions is greater than or e\
-qual to the v)5.782 F .783(alue of this)-.25 F -.25(va)144 693.6 S .237
+insensiti)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve f)-.25 H(ashion.).05 E F2
+(completion\255query\255items \(100\))108 674.4 Q F0 .53
+(This determines when the user is queried about vie)144 686.4 R .529
+(wing the number of possible completions gen-)-.25 F .56(erated by the)
+144 698.4 R F2(possible\255completions)3.06 E F0 3.06(command. It)3.06 F
+.561(may be set to an)3.061 F 3.061(yi)-.15 G(nte)-3.061 E .561(ger v)
+-.15 F .561(alue greater than or)-.25 F .783(equal to zero.)144 710.4 R
+.783(If the number of possible completions is greater than or equal to \
+the v)5.783 F .782(alue of this)-.25 F -.25(va)144 722.4 S .237
(riable, the user is ask).25 F .237(ed whether or not he wishes to vie)
-.1 F 2.737(wt)-.25 G .237(hem; otherwise the)-2.737 F 2.737(ya)-.15 G
-.237(re simply listed)-2.737 F(on the terminal.)144 705.6 Q
-(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2007 December 5)138.465 E(33)188.455 E 0 Cg EP
+.237(re simply listed)-2.737 F(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2008 February 22)
+138.46 E(33)188.45 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 34 34
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
%%EndPageSetup
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(con)108 84 Q -.1(ve)-.4 G
-(rt\255meta \(On\)).1 E F0 .612(If set to)144 96 R F1(On)3.112 E F0
-3.112(,r)C .613(eadline will con)-3.112 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .613
-(rt characters with the eighth bit set to an ASCII k).15 F .913 -.15
-(ey s)-.1 H .613(equence by).15 F .541
+-.35 E(on the terminal.)144 84 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(con)108 96 Q -.1
+(ve)-.4 G(rt\255meta \(On\)).1 E F0 .613(If set to)144 108 R F1(On)3.113
+E F0 3.113(,r)C .613(eadline will con)-3.113 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .613
+(rt characters with the eighth bit set to an ASCII k).15 F .912 -.15
+(ey s)-.1 H .612(equence by).15 F .541
(stripping the eighth bit and pre\214xing an escape character \(in ef)
-144 108 R .541(fect, using escape as the)-.25 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
-.541(meta pr)3.041 F(e-)-.37 E<8c78>144 120 Q F0(\).)A F1
-(disable\255completion \(Off\))108 132 Q F0 .038(If set to)144 144 R F1
+144 120 R .541(fect, using escape as the)-.25 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
+.542(meta pr)3.042 F(e-)-.37 E<8c78>144 132 Q F0(\).)A F1
+(disable\255completion \(Off\))108 144 Q F0 .038(If set to)144 156 R F1
(On)2.538 E F0 2.538(,r)C .038(eadline will inhibit w)-2.538 F .038
(ord completion.)-.1 F .038
(Completion characters will be inserted into the)5.038 F(line as if the)
-144 156 Q 2.5(yh)-.15 G(ad been mapped to)-2.5 E F1(self-insert)2.5 E F0
-(.)A F1(editing\255mode \(emacs\))108 168 Q F0 .253
-(Controls whether readline be)144 180 R .253(gins with a set of k)-.15 F
-.553 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .253(indings similar to).15 F F2(emacs)2.752 E F0
-(or)2.752 E F2(vi)2.752 E F0(.)A F1(editing\255mode)5.252 E F0
-(can be set to either)144 192 Q F1(emacs)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1(vi)2.5 E
-F0(.)A F1(enable\255k)108 204 Q(eypad \(Off\))-.1 E F0 .892(When set to)
-144 216 R F1(On)3.393 E F0 3.393(,r)C .893
+144 168 Q 2.5(yh)-.15 G(ad been mapped to)-2.5 E F1(self-insert)2.5 E F0
+(.)A F1(editing\255mode \(emacs\))108 180 Q F0 .252
+(Controls whether readline be)144 192 R .253(gins with a set of k)-.15 F
+.553 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .253(indings similar to).15 F F2(emacs)2.753 E F0
+(or)2.753 E F2(vi)2.753 E F0(.)A F1(editing\255mode)5.253 E F0
+(can be set to either)144 204 Q F1(emacs)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1(vi)2.5 E
+F0(.)A F1(enable\255k)108 216 Q(eypad \(Off\))-.1 E F0 .893(When set to)
+144 228 R F1(On)3.393 E F0 3.393(,r)C .893
(eadline will try to enable the application k)-3.393 F -.15(ey)-.1 G
-.893(pad when it is called.).15 F .893(Some sys-)5.893 F
-(tems need this to enable the arro)144 228 Q 2.5(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey)-2.6
-G(s.).15 E F1(expand\255tilde \(Off\))108 240 Q F0(If set to)144 252 Q
+.893(pad when it is called.).15 F .892(Some sys-)5.893 F
+(tems need this to enable the arro)144 240 Q 2.5(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey)-2.6
+G(s.).15 E F1(expand\255tilde \(Off\))108 252 Q F0(If set to)144 264 Q
F1(on)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(ilde e)-2.5 E
(xpansion is performed when readline attempts w)-.15 E(ord completion.)
--.1 E F1(history\255pr)108 264 Q(eser)-.18 E -.1(ve)-.1 G
-(\255point \(Off\)).1 E F0 1.493(If set to)144 276 R F1(on)3.993 E F0
-3.993(,t)C 1.493(he history code attempts to place point at the same lo\
-cation on each history line)-3.993 F(retrie)144 288 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5
+-.1 E F1(history\255pr)108 276 Q(eser)-.18 E -.1(ve)-.1 G
+(\255point \(Off\)).1 E F0 1.492(If set to)144 288 R F1(on)3.992 E F0
+3.992(,t)C 1.493(he history code attempts to place point at the same lo\
+cation on each history line)-3.992 F(retrie)144 300 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5
(dw).15 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(pr)2.5 E -.15(ev)-.18 G(ious-history).15 E F0
-(or)2.5 E F1(next-history)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(horizontal\255scr)108 300 Q
-(oll\255mode \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .448(When set to)144 312 R F1(On)2.948 E
-F0 2.948(,m)C(ak)-2.948 E .448
-(es readline use a single line for display)-.1 F 2.948(,s)-.65 G .449
+(or)2.5 E F1(next-history)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(horizontal\255scr)108 312 Q
+(oll\255mode \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .449(When set to)144 324 R F1(On)2.949 E
+F0 2.949(,m)C(ak)-2.949 E .448
+(es readline use a single line for display)-.1 F 2.948(,s)-.65 G .448
(crolling the input horizontally on a)-2.948 F 1.194(single screen line\
when it becomes longer than the screen width rather than wrapping to a\
- ne)144 324 R(w)-.25 E(line.)144 336 Q F1(input\255meta \(Off\))108 348
-Q F0 .227(If set to)144 360 R F1(On)2.727 E F0 2.727(,r)C .228(eadline \
+ ne)144 336 R(w)-.25 E(line.)144 348 Q F1(input\255meta \(Off\))108 360
+Q F0 .228(If set to)144 372 R F1(On)2.728 E F0 2.728(,r)C .227(eadline \
will enable eight-bit input \(that is, it will not strip the high bit f\
-rom the char)-2.727 F(-)-.2 E .957(acters it reads\), re)144 372 R -.05
+rom the char)-2.728 F(-)-.2 E .956(acters it reads\), re)144 384 R -.05
(ga)-.15 G .956(rdless of what the terminal claims it can support.).05 F
-.956(The name)5.956 F F1(meta\255\215ag)3.456 E F0 .956(is a)3.456 F
-(synon)144 384 Q(ym for this v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(isear)108 396 Q
+.957(The name)5.956 F F1(meta\255\215ag)3.457 E F0 .957(is a)3.457 F
+(synon)144 396 Q(ym for this v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(isear)108 408 Q
(ch\255terminators \(`)-.18 E(`C\255[C\255J')-.63 E('\))-.63 E F0 .439(\
The string of characters that should terminate an incremental search wi\
-thout subsequently e)144 408 R -.15(xe)-.15 G(cut-).15 E .935
-(ing the character as a command.)144 420 R .935(If this v)5.935 F .935
-(ariable has not been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.434(nav).15 G .934
-(alue, the characters)-3.684 F F2(ESC)3.434 E F0(and)144 432 Q F2
+thout subsequently e)144 420 R -.15(xe)-.15 G(cut-).15 E .934
+(ing the character as a command.)144 432 R .935(If this v)5.935 F .935
+(ariable has not been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.435(nav).15 G .935
+(alue, the characters)-3.685 F F2(ESC)3.435 E F0(and)144 444 Q F2
(C\255J)2.5 E F0(will terminate an incremental search.)2.5 E F1 -.1(ke)
-108 444 S(ymap \(emacs\)).1 E F0 2.02(Set the current readline k)144 456
-R -.15(ey)-.1 G 4.521(map. The).15 F 2.021(set of v)4.521 F 2.021
-(alid k)-.25 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.021(map names is).15 F F2 2.021
-(emacs, emacs\255standar)4.521 F(d,)-.37 E .069
-(emacs\255meta, emacs\255ctlx, vi, vi\255command)144 468 R F0 2.568(,a)C
+108 456 S(ymap \(emacs\)).1 E F0 2.021(Set the current readline k)144
+468 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 4.521(map. The).15 F 2.021(set of v)4.521 F 2.021
+(alid k)-.25 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.021(map names is).15 F F2 2.02
+(emacs, emacs\255standar)4.52 F(d,)-.37 E .068
+(emacs\255meta, emacs\255ctlx, vi, vi\255command)144 480 R F0 2.568(,a)C
(nd)-2.568 E F2(vi\255insert)2.568 E F0(.).68 E F2(vi)5.068 E F0 .068
(is equi)2.568 F -.25(va)-.25 G .068(lent to).25 F F2(vi\255command)
-2.568 E F0(;)A F2(emacs)2.568 E F0 1.543(is equi)144 480 R -.25(va)-.25
-G 1.543(lent to).25 F F2(emacs\255standar)4.044 E(d)-.37 E F0 6.544(.T)C
+2.569 E F0(;)A F2(emacs)2.569 E F0 1.544(is equi)144 492 R -.25(va)-.25
+G 1.544(lent to).25 F F2(emacs\255standar)4.044 E(d)-.37 E F0 6.544(.T)C
1.544(he def)-6.544 F 1.544(ault v)-.1 F 1.544(alue is)-.25 F F2(emacs)
4.044 E F0 4.044(;t).27 G 1.544(he v)-4.044 F 1.544(alue of)-.25 F F1
-(editing\255mode)4.044 E F0(also)4.044 E(af)144 492 Q(fects the def)-.25
-E(ault k)-.1 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(map.).15 E F1(mark\255dir)108 504 Q
-(ectories \(On\))-.18 E F0(If set to)144 516 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,c)C
+(editing\255mode)4.043 E F0(also)4.043 E(af)144 504 Q(fects the def)-.25
+E(ault k)-.1 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(map.).15 E F1(mark\255dir)108 516 Q
+(ectories \(On\))-.18 E F0(If set to)144 528 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,c)C
(ompleted directory names ha)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a s)-.2 H(lash appended.)
-.15 E F1(mark\255modi\214ed\255lines \(Off\))108 528 Q F0(If set to)144
-540 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,h)C(istory lines that ha)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve b)
+.15 E F1(mark\255modi\214ed\255lines \(Off\))108 540 Q F0(If set to)144
+552 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,h)C(istory lines that ha)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve b)
-.2 H(een modi\214ed are displayed with a preceding asterisk \().15 E F1
-(*)A F0(\).)A F1(mark\255symlink)108 552 Q(ed\255dir)-.1 E
-(ectories \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .175(If set to)144 564 R F1(On)2.675 E F0
+(*)A F0(\).)A F1(mark\255symlink)108 564 Q(ed\255dir)-.1 E
+(ectories \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .175(If set to)144 576 R F1(On)2.675 E F0
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-E F1(sho)108 120 Q(w\255all\255if\255ambiguous \(Off\))-.1 E F0 .478
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(Readline Conditional Constructs)87 268.8 Q F0 .05
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(xtends to the end of the line; no characters)-.15 F
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3.065 F .735(set bindings in the)180 386.4 R F2(emacs\255standar)3.235 E
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451.2 Q F1<ad>2.5 E F0 5(.T)C(his allo)-5 E(ws)-.25 E F2(sun)2.84 E F0
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492 R F2 .114(application name)2.614 F F0 2.614(,a)C .114
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
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(gin before the user has \214nished typing the search string.)-.15 F
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(search string is typed, readline displays the ne)108 96 R .112
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+E 5.112(.A)-.55 G(n)-5.112 E .542
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-(.T)-.65 G .541(he char)-5.541 F(-)-.2 E .224(acters present in the v)
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108 120 R .224(alue of the)-.25 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(isear)2.724 E
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(riable are used to terminate an incremental search.).25 F .66
(If that v)108 132 R .66(ariable has not been assigned a v)-.25 F .66
(alue the Escape and Control-J characters will terminate an incre-)-.25
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(ey s)-.1 H .174
(equence bound to a readline command will terminate the search and e).15
-F -.15(xe)-.15 G .174(cute that command.).15 F -.15(Fo)5.174 G(r).15 E
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-E F0 .541(will terminate the search and accept the line, thereby e)3.04
-F -.15(xe)-.15 G .541(cuting the command from the).15 F(history list.)
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(The follo)108 307.2 R 1.391
(wing is a list of the names of the commands and the def)-.25 F 1.391
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444 Q F0(Mo)144 456 Q .3 -.15(ve b)-.15 H(ack a character).15 E(.)-.55 E
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(ords are composed of alphanumeric characters \(let-)-.8 F
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S(draw\255curr).18 E(ent\255line)-.18 E F0(Refresh the current line.)144
588 Q F1(Commands f)87 604.8 Q(or Manipulating the History)-.25 E
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(according to the state of the)144 640.8 R/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF
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Q F0(Fetch the ne)144 700.8 Q(xt command from the history list, mo)-.15
E(ving forw)-.15 E(ard in the list.)-.1 E(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q
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(Search backw)144 144 R 1.471(ard starting at the current line and mo)
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(This is an incremental search.)144 156 Q F1 -.25(fo)108 168 S
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F(.)-.65 E(This is an incremental search.)144 192 Q F1(non\255incr)108
204 Q(emental\255r)-.18 E -2.3 -.15(ev e)-.18 H(rse\255sear).15 E
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(.)-.55 E F1(non\255incr)108 240 Q(emental\255f)-.18 E(orward\255sear)
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rd through the history for the string of characters between the start o\
f the current line)-.1 F(and the point.)144 300 Q
(This is a non-incremental search.)5 E F1(history\255sear)108 312 Q
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(vious command \(usually the second w)-.25 F .622(ord on the pre)-.1 F
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-(ord from the pre)-.1 F .794(vious command \(the w)-.25 F .795
-(ords in the)-.1 F(pre)144 384 Q .292(vious command be)-.25 F .292
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-(ument inserts the).18 F F2(n)2.791 E F0 .291(th w)B .291
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(xpansion had been speci\214ed.)-.15 E F1(yank\255last\255ar)108 420 Q
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-(Insert the last ar)144 432 R 1.308(gument to the pre)-.18 F 1.307
-(vious command \(the last w)-.25 F 1.307(ord of the pre)-.1 F 1.307
-(vious history entry\).)-.25 F -.4(Wi)144 444 S .735(th an ar).4 F .735
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+(vious command \(the last w)-.25 F 1.308(ord of the pre)-.1 F 1.308
+(vious history entry\).)-.25 F -.4(Wi)144 444 S .736(th an ar).4 F .736
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-(gument of each line in turn.)-.18 F .728(The history e)5.728 F(xpan-)
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.14(xpansion had been speci-)-.15 F(\214ed.)144 480 Q F1
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(Expand the line as the shell does.)144 504 R .622
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-(history\255expand\255line \(M\255^\))108 528 Q F0 .938
+(history\255expand\255line \(M\255^\))108 528 Q F0 .939
(Perform history e)144 540 R .939(xpansion on the current line.)-.15 F
(See)5.939 E F3(HIST)3.439 E(OR)-.162 E 3.189(YE)-.315 G(XP)-3.189 E
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--3.439 F(tion of history e)144 552 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(magic\255space)
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-(xpansion on the current line and insert a space.)-.15 F(See)6.626 E F3
-(HIST)4.126 E(OR)-.162 E 3.876(YE)-.315 G(XP)-3.876 E(ANSION)-.666 E F0
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(Perform history and alias e)144 648 Q(xpansion on the current line.)
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(Accept the current line for e)144 696 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .948
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-(ve t)-.25 H 3.447(ot).15 G .947(he current line from the)-3.447 F
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(history for editing.)144 708 Q(An)5 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-2.5 G
-(ument is ignored.).18 E(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2007 December 5)138.465 E
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+(ument is ignored.).18 E(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2008 February 22)138.46 E
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(,)A F0(and)2.25 E/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(emacs)2.5 E F0(as the editor)
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-(delete\255char \(C\255d\))108 136.8 Q F0 .358
+(delete\255char \(C\255d\))108 136.8 Q F0 .357
(Delete the character at point.)144 148.8 R .358(If point is at the be)
5.358 F .358(ginning of the line, there are no characters in the)-.15 F
(line, and the last character typed w)144 160.8 Q(as not bound to)-.1 E
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(Delete the character behind the cursor)144 184.8 R 5.553(.W)-.55 G .553
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-.553(xt on)-.15 F(the kill ring.)144 196.8 Q F1 -.25(fo)108 208.8 S
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-(nless the cursor is at the end of the line, in which case the)-2.974 F
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(character behind the cursor is deleted.)144 232.8 Q F1
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(Insert a tab character)144 292.8 Q(.)-.55 E F1
(self\255insert \(a, b, A, 1, !, ...\))108 304.8 Q F0
(Insert the character typed.)144 316.8 Q F1
-(transpose\255chars \(C\255t\))108 328.8 Q F0 .322
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-(ve)-.15 G 2.821(rt).15 G .321(he character at point, mo)-2.821 F .321
-(ving point forw)-.15 F .321(ard as well.)-.1 F 1.182
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-(ord \(M\255u\))-.1 E F0 1.698(Uppercase the current \(or follo)144
+(ord \(M\255u\))-.1 E F0 1.699(Uppercase the current \(or follo)144
424.8 R 1.698(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.198(ord. W)-.1 F 1.698(ith a ne)-.4 F
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(ument, uppercase the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 436.8 S(rd, b).1
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-(ord \(M\255c\))-.1 E F0 1.974(Capitalize the current \(or follo)144
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-(xplicit positi)-.15 F .737 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .437(umeric ar).15 F .437
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-(gument, switches to insert mode.)-.18 F .781(This command af)5.781 F
-(fects)-.25 E(only)144 556.8 Q F1(emacs)4.395 E F0(mode;)4.395 E F1(vi)
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(rwrite mode, characters bound to).15 F F1(self\255insert)3.969 E F0
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-(Characters bound to)5.958 F F1(backward\255delete\255char)3.457 E F0
-.957(replace the character)3.457 F(before point with a space.)144 592.8
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Q(By def)5 E(ault, this command is unbound.)-.1 E F1(Killing and Y)87
609.6 Q(anking)-.85 E(kill\255line \(C\255k\))108 621.6 Q F0
(Kill the te)144 633.6 Q(xt from point to the end of the line.)-.15 E F1
(The killed te)5 E(xt is sa)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(do).15 G 2.5(nt)
-2.5 G(he kill-ring.)-2.5 E F1(kill\255whole\255line)108 693.6 Q F0
(Kill all characters on the current line, no matter where point is.)144
-705.6 Q(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2007 December 5)138.465 E(38)188.455 E 0
-Cg EP
+705.6 Q(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2008 February 22)138.46 E(38)188.45 E 0 Cg
+EP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(kill\255w)108 84 Q(ord \(M\255d\))-.1 E F0
-.728(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 96 R .729
-(ord, or if between w)-.1 F .729(ords, to the end of the ne)-.1 F .729
+.729(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 96 R .728
+(ord, or if between w)-.1 F .728(ords, to the end of the ne)-.1 F .728
(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 108 S
(rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1 -.25(fo)2.5 G
(rward\255w).25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(backward\255kill\255w)108 120 Q
(ord \(M\255Rubout\))-.1 E F0(Kill the w)144 132 Q(ord behind point.)-.1
E -.8(Wo)5 G(rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1
(backward\255w)2.5 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(unix\255w)108 144 Q
-(ord\255rubout \(C\255w\))-.1 E F0 .365(Kill the w)144 156 R .365
-(ord behind point, using white space as a w)-.1 F .364(ord boundary)-.1
-F 5.364(.T)-.65 G .364(he killed te)-5.364 F .364(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15
-(ve)-.2 G 2.864(do).15 G 2.864(nt)-2.864 G(he)-2.864 E(kill-ring.)144
-168 Q F1(unix\255\214lename\255rubout)108 180 Q F0 .166(Kill the w)144
+(ord\255rubout \(C\255w\))-.1 E F0 .364(Kill the w)144 156 R .364
+(ord behind point, using white space as a w)-.1 F .365(ord boundary)-.1
+F 5.365(.T)-.65 G .365(he killed te)-5.365 F .365(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15
+(ve)-.2 G 2.865(do).15 G 2.865(nt)-2.865 G(he)-2.865 E(kill-ring.)144
+168 Q F1(unix\255\214lename\255rubout)108 180 Q F0 .167(Kill the w)144
192 R .166
(ord behind point, using white space and the slash character as the w)
--.1 F .167(ord boundaries.)-.1 F(The)5.167 E(killed te)144 204 Q
+-.1 F .166(ord boundaries.)-.1 F(The)5.166 E(killed te)144 204 Q
(xt is sa)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(do).15 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G(he kill-ring.)
-2.5 E F1(delete\255horizontal\255space \(M\255\\\))108 216 Q F0
(Delete all spaces and tabs around point.)144 228 Q F1(kill\255r)108 240
(gion.)-.15 E F1(copy\255r)108 264 Q(egion\255as\255kill)-.18 E F0(Cop)
144 276 Q 2.5(yt)-.1 G(he te)-2.5 E(xt in the re)-.15 E
(gion to the kill b)-.15 E(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E(.)-.55 E F1
-(copy\255backward\255w)108 288 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(Cop)144 300 Q 4.801(yt)-.1
-G 2.301(he w)-4.801 F 2.301(ord before point to the kill b)-.1 F(uf)-.2
-E(fer)-.25 E 7.301(.T)-.55 G 2.301(he w)-7.301 F 2.3
-(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1(back-)4.8 E(ward\255w)144 312 Q
-(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(copy\255f)108 324 Q(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0
-(Cop)144 336 Q 4.507(yt)-.1 G 2.007(he w)-4.507 F 2.007(ord follo)-.1 F
-2.007(wing point to the kill b)-.25 F(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 7.008(.T)-.55
-G 2.008(he w)-7.008 F 2.008(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1 -.25
-(fo)4.508 G -.37(r-).25 G(ward\255w)144 348 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1
+(copy\255backward\255w)108 288 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(Cop)144 300 Q 4.8(yt)-.1 G
+2.3(he w)-4.8 F 2.3(ord before point to the kill b)-.1 F(uf)-.2 E(fer)
+-.25 E 7.301(.T)-.55 G 2.301(he w)-7.301 F 2.301
+(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1(back-)4.801 E(ward\255w)144 312
+Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(copy\255f)108 324 Q(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E
+F0(Cop)144 336 Q 4.508(yt)-.1 G 2.008(he w)-4.508 F 2.008(ord follo)-.1
+F 2.008(wing point to the kill b)-.25 F(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 7.007(.T)
+-.55 G 2.007(he w)-7.007 F 2.007(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1
+-.25(fo)4.507 G -.37(r-).25 G(ward\255w)144 348 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1
(yank \(C\255y\))108 360 Q F0 -1(Ya)144 372 S
(nk the top of the kill ring into the b)1 E(uf)-.2 E(fer at point.)-.25
E F1(yank\255pop \(M\255y\))108 384 Q F0
(op. Only)-2.5 F -.1(wo)2.5 G(rks follo).1 E(wing)-.25 E F1(yank)2.5 E
F0(or)2.5 E F1(yank\255pop)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(Numeric Ar)87 412.8 Q
(guments)-.1 E(digit\255ar)108 424.8 Q
-(gument \(M\2550, M\2551, ..., M\255\255\))-.1 E F0 .642
+(gument \(M\2550, M\2551, ..., M\255\255\))-.1 E F0 .641
(Add this digit to the ar)144 436.8 R .641
(gument already accumulating, or start a ne)-.18 F 3.141(wa)-.25 G -.18
-(rg)-3.141 G 3.141(ument. M\255\255).18 F .641(starts a ne)3.141 F(g-)
+(rg)-3.141 G 3.142(ument. M\255\255).18 F .642(starts a ne)3.142 F(g-)
-.15 E(ati)144 448.8 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G(ument.).18 E F1
-(uni)108 460.8 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0 .778
+(uni)108 460.8 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0 .779
(This is another w)144 472.8 R .779(ay to specify an ar)-.1 F 3.279
-(gument. If)-.18 F .779(this command is follo)3.279 F .779
+(gument. If)-.18 F .779(this command is follo)3.279 F .778
(wed by one or more digits,)-.25 F 1.376
(optionally with a leading minus sign, those digits de\214ne the ar)144
484.8 R 3.876(gument. If)-.18 F 1.376(the command is fol-)3.876 F(lo)144
496.8 Q 1.17(wed by digits, e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(uni)
3.67 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(ag)3.67 E 1.17
(ain ends the numeric ar)-.05 F 1.17(gument, b)-.18 F 1.17(ut is other)
--.2 F(-)-.2 E .899(wise ignored.)144 508.8 R .898
-(As a special case, if this command is immediately follo)5.899 F .898
+-.2 F(-)-.2 E .898(wise ignored.)144 508.8 R .898
+(As a special case, if this command is immediately follo)5.898 F .898
(wed by a character that is)-.25 F .243
(neither a digit or minus sign, the ar)144 520.8 R .243
(gument count for the ne)-.18 F .243(xt command is multiplied by four)
--.15 F 5.243(.T)-.55 G(he)-5.243 E(ar)144 532.8 Q .378
+-.15 F 5.242(.T)-.55 G(he)-5.242 E(ar)144 532.8 Q .378
(gument count is initially one, so e)-.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .378
(cuting this function the \214rst time mak).15 F .378(es the ar)-.1 F
.378(gument count)-.18 F(four)144 544.8 Q 2.5(,as)-.4 G(econd time mak)
(Completing)87 561.6 Q(complete \(T)108 573.6 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 1.137
(Attempt to perform completion on the te)144 585.6 R 1.137
(xt before point.)-.15 F F1(Bash)6.137 E F0 1.137
-(attempts completion treating the)3.637 F(te)144 597.6 Q .533(xt as a v)
--.15 F .533(ariable \(if the te)-.25 F .533(xt be)-.15 F .533(gins with)
--.15 F F1($)3.033 E F0 .533(\), username \(if the te)B .532(xt be)-.15 F
-.532(gins with)-.15 F F1(~)3.032 E F0 .532(\), hostname \(if the)B(te)
-144 609.6 Q .701(xt be)-.15 F .701(gins with)-.15 F F1(@)3.201 E F0 .701
-(\), or command \(including aliases and functions\) in turn.)B .702
+(attempts completion treating the)3.637 F(te)144 597.6 Q .532(xt as a v)
+-.15 F .532(ariable \(if the te)-.25 F .532(xt be)-.15 F .533(gins with)
+-.15 F F1($)3.033 E F0 .533(\), username \(if the te)B .533(xt be)-.15 F
+.533(gins with)-.15 F F1(~)3.033 E F0 .533(\), hostname \(if the)B(te)
+144 609.6 Q .702(xt be)-.15 F .702(gins with)-.15 F F1(@)3.202 E F0 .701
+(\), or command \(including aliases and functions\) in turn.)B .701
(If none of these pro-)5.701 F
(duces a match, \214lename completion is attempted.)144 621.6 Q F1
(possible\255completions \(M\255?\))108 633.6 Q F0
-.15 E F1(insert\255completions \(M\255*\))108 657.6 Q F0 .783
(Insert all completions of the te)144 669.6 R .783
(xt before point that w)-.15 F .783(ould ha)-.1 F 1.083 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
-.783(een generated by).15 F F1(possible\255com-)3.282 E(pletions)144
-681.6 Q F0(.)A F1(menu\255complete)108 693.6 Q F0 .928(Similar to)144
-705.6 R F1(complete)3.428 E F0 3.428(,b)C .929(ut replaces the w)-3.628
+.783(een generated by).15 F F1(possible\255com-)3.283 E(pletions)144
+681.6 Q F0(.)A F1(menu\255complete)108 693.6 Q F0 .929(Similar to)144
+705.6 R F1(complete)3.429 E F0 3.429(,b)C .929(ut replaces the w)-3.629
F .929(ord to be completed with a single match from the list of)-.1 F
-1.194(possible completions.)144 717.6 R 1.194(Repeated e)6.194 F -.15
-(xe)-.15 G 1.194(cution of).15 F F1(menu\255complete)3.694 E F0 1.193
-(steps through the list of possible)3.694 F .828
+1.193(possible completions.)144 717.6 R 1.193(Repeated e)6.193 F -.15
+(xe)-.15 G 1.193(cution of).15 F F1(menu\255complete)3.694 E F0 1.194
+(steps through the list of possible)3.694 F .829
(completions, inserting each match in turn.)144 729.6 R .828
(At the end of the list of completions, the bell is rung)5.828 F
-(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2007 December 5)138.465 E(39)188.455 E 0 Cg EP
+(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2008 February 22)138.46 E(39)188.45 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 40 40
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
(bell\255style)3.227 E F0 3.227(\)a)C .727(nd the original te)-3.227 F
.727(xt is restored.)-.15 F .727(An ar)5.727 F .727(gument of)-.18 F/F2
10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)3.227 E F0(mo)3.227 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(s).15 E F2
-(n)3.227 E F0 1.73(positions forw)144 96 R 1.73
+(n)3.228 E F0 1.73(positions forw)144 96 R 1.73
(ard in the list of matches; a ne)-.1 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 2.03
-.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.73(ument may be used to mo).18 F 2.03
-.15(ve b)-.15 H(ackw).15 E(ard)-.1 E(through the list.)144 108 Q
2.5(,b)C(ut is unbound by def)-2.7 E(ault.)-.1 E F1
(delete\255char\255or\255list)108 120 Q F0 .234
(Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the be)144 132 R .234
-(ginning or end of the line \(lik)-.15 F(e)-.1 E F1(delete\255char)2.734
+(ginning or end of the line \(lik)-.15 F(e)-.1 E F1(delete\255char)2.735
E F0(\).)A .425(If at the end of the line, beha)144 144 R -.15(ve)-.2 G
2.925(si).15 G .425(dentically to)-2.925 F F1(possible\255completions)
2.925 E F0 5.425(.T)C .425(his command is unbound)-5.425 F(by def)144
(possible\255hostname\255completions \(C\255x @\))108 336 Q F0
(List the possible completions of the te)144 348 Q
(xt before point, treating it as a hostname.)-.15 E F1
-(complete\255command \(M\255!\))108 360 Q F0 .581
+(complete\255command \(M\255!\))108 360 Q F0 .58
(Attempt completion on the te)144 372 R .581
-(xt before point, treating it as a command name.)-.15 F .58
-(Command comple-)5.58 F .715(tion attempts to match the te)144 384 R
+(xt before point, treating it as a command name.)-.15 F .581
+(Command comple-)5.581 F .715(tion attempts to match the te)144 384 R
.715(xt ag)-.15 F .715(ainst aliases, reserv)-.05 F .715(ed w)-.15 F
.715(ords, shell functions, shell b)-.1 F .715(uiltins, and)-.2 F
(\214nally e)144 396 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G
(possible\255command\255completions \(C\255x !\))108 408 Q F0
(List the possible completions of the te)144 420 Q
(xt before point, treating it as a command name.)-.15 E F1
-(dynamic\255complete\255history \(M\255T)108 432 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 .425
+(dynamic\255complete\255history \(M\255T)108 432 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 .424
(Attempt completion on the te)144 444 R .425
-(xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .425(xt ag)-.15 F .424
+(xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .425(xt ag)-.15 F .425
(ainst lines from the history list)-.05 F
(for possible completion matches.)144 456 Q F1
(complete\255into\255braces \(M\255{\))108 468 Q F0 .4(Perform \214lena\
(ving the characters typed into the current k)-.2 E -.15(ey)-.1 G
(board macro and store the de\214nition.).15 E F1
(call\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 568.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x e\))-2.5
-E F0(Re-e)144 580.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G 1(cute the last k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1
-G .999(board macro de\214ned, by making the characters in the macro app\
-ear as if).15 F(typed at the k)144 592.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(board.).15 E F1
-(Miscellaneous)87 609.6 Q -.18(re)108 621.6 S<ad72>.18 E
-(ead\255init\255\214le \(C\255x C\255r\))-.18 E F0 1.776
-(Read in the contents of the)144 633.6 R F2(inputr)4.276 E(c)-.37 E F0
-1.777(\214le, and incorporate an)4.276 F 4.277(yb)-.15 G 1.777
-(indings or v)-4.277 F 1.777(ariable assignments)-.25 F(found there.)144
-645.6 Q F1(abort \(C\255g\))108 657.6 Q F0 3.249
+E F0(Re-e)144 580.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G .999(cute the last k).15 F -.15(ey)
+-.1 G .999(board macro de\214ned, by making the characters in the macro\
+ appear as if).15 F(typed at the k)144 592.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(board.).15
+
E F1(Miscellaneous)87 609.6 Q -.18(re)108 621.6 S<ad72>.18 E
+(ead\255init\255\214le \(C\255x C\255r\))-.18 E F0 1.777
+(Read in the contents of the)144 633.6 R F2(inputr)4.277 E(c)-.37 E F0
+1.776(\214le, and incorporate an)4.276 F 4.276(yb)-.15 G 1.776
+(indings or v)-4.276 F 1.776(ariable assignments)-.25 F(found there.)144
+645.6 Q F1(abort \(C\255g\))108 657.6 Q F0 3.248
(Abort the current editing command and ring the terminal')144 669.6 R
-5.748(sb)-.55 G 3.248(ell \(subject to the setting of)-5.748 F F1
+5.749(sb)-.55 G 3.249(ell \(subject to the setting of)-5.749 F F1
(bell\255style)144 681.6 Q F0(\).)A F1(do\255upper)108 693.6 Q
(case\255v)-.18 E(ersion \(M\255a, M\255b, M\255)-.1 E F2(x)A F1 2.5(,.)
-C(..\))-2.5 E F0 1.755(If the meta\214ed character)144 705.6 R F2(x)
-4.255 E F0 1.755(is lo)4.255 F 1.756
+C(..\))-2.5 E F0 1.756(If the meta\214ed character)144 705.6 R F2(x)
+4.256 E F0 1.755(is lo)4.256 F 1.755
(wercase, run the command that is bound to the corresponding)-.25 F
(uppercase character)144 717.6 Q(.)-.55 E(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q
-(2007 December 5)138.465 E(40)188.455 E 0 Cg EP
+(2008 February 22)138.46 E(40)188.45 E 0 Cg EP
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%%BeginPageSetup
BP
(Set the mark to the point.)144 204 Q(If a numeric ar)5 E
(gument is supplied, the mark is set to that position.)-.18 E F1
(exchange\255point\255and\255mark \(C\255x C\255x\))108 216 Q F0(Sw)144
-228 Q .282(ap the point with the mark.)-.1 F .283
+228 Q .283(ap the point with the mark.)-.1 F .283
(The current cursor position is set to the sa)5.283 F -.15(ve)-.2 G
-2.783(dp).15 G .283(osition, and the old)-2.783 F(cursor position is sa)
+2.782(dp).15 G .282(osition, and the old)-2.782 F(cursor position is sa)
144 240 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(da).15 G 2.5(st)-2.5 G(he mark.)-2.5 E F1
-(character\255sear)108 252 Q(ch \(C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.036(Ac)144 264 S
-.536(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.036 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.035(dt)
+(character\255sear)108 252 Q(ch \(C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.035(Ac)144 264 S
+.535(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.035 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.035(dt)
.15 G 3.035(ot)-3.035 G .535(he ne)-3.035 F .535
-(xt occurrence of that character)-.15 F 5.535(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05
-(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .835 -.15(ve c)-.25 H(ount).15 E(searches for pre)
+(xt occurrence of that character)-.15 F 5.536(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05
+(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .836 -.15(ve c)-.25 H(ount).15 E(searches for pre)
144 276 Q(vious occurrences.)-.25 E F1(character\255sear)108 288 Q
-(ch\255backward \(M\255C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.543(Ac)144 300 S 1.043
-(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.543 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.544(dt).15 G
+(ch\255backward \(M\255C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.544(Ac)144 300 S 1.044
+(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.544 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.544(dt).15 G
3.544(ot)-3.544 G 1.044(he pre)-3.544 F 1.044
-(vious occurrence of that character)-.25 F 6.044(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E
+(vious occurrence of that character)-.25 F 6.043(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E
-.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
(count searches for subsequent occurrences.)144 312 Q F1
-(insert\255comment \(M\255#\))108 324 Q F0 -.4(Wi)144 336 S .481
-(thout a numeric ar).4 F .481(gument, the v)-.18 F .481
+(insert\255comment \(M\255#\))108 324 Q F0 -.4(Wi)144 336 S .48
+(thout a numeric ar).4 F .48(gument, the v)-.18 F .481
(alue of the readline)-.25 F F1(comment\255begin)2.981 E F0 -.25(va)
-2.981 G .48(riable is inserted at the).25 F(be)144 348 Q .097
-(ginning of the current line.)-.15 F .098(If a numeric ar)5.097 F .098
-(gument is supplied, this command acts as a toggle:)-.18 F(if)5.098 E
-.322(the characters at the be)144 360 R .321
+2.981 G .481(riable is inserted at the).25 F(be)144 348 Q .098
+(ginning of the current line.)-.15 F .098(If a numeric ar)5.098 F .097
+(gument is supplied, this command acts as a toggle:)-.18 F(if)5.097 E
+.321(the characters at the be)144 360 R .321
(ginning of the line do not match the v)-.15 F .321(alue of)-.25 F F1
-(comment\255begin)2.821 E F0 2.821(,t)C .321(he v)-2.821 F .321(alue is)
--.25 F 1.013(inserted, otherwise the characters in)144 372 R F1
-(comment-begin)3.514 E F0 1.014(are deleted from the be)3.514 F 1.014
-(ginning of the line.)-.15 F 1.469
+(comment\255begin)2.821 E F0 2.822(,t)C .322(he v)-2.822 F .322(alue is)
+-.25 F 1.014(inserted, otherwise the characters in)144 372 R F1
+(comment-begin)3.514 E F0 1.014(are deleted from the be)3.514 F 1.013
+(ginning of the line.)-.15 F 1.468
(In either case, the line is accepted as if a ne)144 384 R 1.468
-(wline had been typed.)-.25 F 1.468(The def)6.468 F 1.468(ault v)-.1 F
-1.468(alue of)-.25 F F1(com-)3.968 E(ment\255begin)144 396 Q F0 .839
-(causes this command to mak)3.339 F 3.339(et)-.1 G .839
-(he current line a shell comment.)-3.339 F .84(If a numeric ar)5.84 F
+(wline had been typed.)-.25 F 1.469(The def)6.469 F 1.469(ault v)-.1 F
+1.469(alue of)-.25 F F1(com-)3.969 E(ment\255begin)144 396 Q F0 .84
+(causes this command to mak)3.34 F 3.339(et)-.1 G .839
+(he current line a shell comment.)-3.339 F .839(If a numeric ar)5.839 F
(gu-)-.18 E(ment causes the comment character to be remo)144 408 Q -.15
(ve)-.15 G(d, the line will be e).15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G
(cuted by the shell.).15 E F1(glob\255complete\255w)108 420 Q
-(ord \(M\255g\))-.1 E F0 .792(The w)144 432 R .791
-(ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F .791
+(ord \(M\255g\))-.1 E F0 .791(The w)144 432 R .791
+(ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F .792
(xpansion, with an asterisk implicitly)-.15 F 2.5(appended. This)144 444
R(pattern is used to generate a list of matching \214le names for possi\
ble completions.)2.5 E F1(glob\255expand\255w)108 456 Q
-(ord \(C\255x *\))-.1 E F0 .371(The w)144 468 R .372
-(ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F .372
+(ord \(C\255x *\))-.1 E F0 .372(The w)144 468 R .372
+(ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F .371
(xpansion, and the list of matching \214le)-.15 F .516
(names is inserted, replacing the w)144 480 R 3.016(ord. If)-.1 F 3.016
(an)3.016 G .516(umeric ar)-3.016 F .516
.872(the line is redra)144 528 R 3.372(wn. If)-.15 F 3.372(an)3.372 G
.872(umeric ar)-3.372 F .872
(gument is supplied, an asterisk is appended before pathname)-.18 F -.15
-(ex)144 540 S(pansion.).15 E F1(dump\255functions)108 552 Q F0 .626
-(Print all of the functions and their k)144 564 R .926 -.15(ey b)-.1 H
-.627(indings to the readline output stream.).15 F .627(If a numeric ar)
-5.627 F(gu-)-.18 E
+(ex)144 540 S(pansion.).15 E F1(dump\255functions)108 552 Q F0 .627
+(Print all of the functions and their k)144 564 R .927 -.15(ey b)-.1 H
+.626(indings to the readline output stream.).15 F .626(If a numeric ar)
+5.626 F(gu-)-.18 E
(ment is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)144 576 Q
(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(inputr)
2.5 E(c)-.37 E F0(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255v)108 588 Q(ariables)-.1 E F0
-1.8(Print all of the settable readline v)144 600 R 1.799
-(ariables and their v)-.25 F 1.799(alues to the readline output stream.)
--.25 F 1.799(If a)6.799 F .304(numeric ar)144 612 R .304
+1.799(Print all of the settable readline v)144 600 R 1.799
+(ariables and their v)-.25 F 1.8(alues to the readline output stream.)
+-.25 F 1.8(If a)6.8 F .305(numeric ar)144 612 R .304
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(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F3(inputr)144 624 Q(c)-.37 E F0
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-(Print all of the readline k)144 648 R .893 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .592
-(equences bound to macros and the strings the).15 F 3.092(yo)-.15 G
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-(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F3(inputr)3.028 E(c)-.37 E F0
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(\214le.)144 672 Q F1(display\255shell\255v)108 684 Q
(ersion \(C\255x C\255v\))-.1 E F0(Display v)144 696 Q
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EP
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.147(gument to a command for which a completion speci\214cation \(a)-.18
-F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(compspec)108 108 Q F0 3.828(\)h)C 1.329
-(as been de\214ned using the)-3.828 F F1(complete)3.829 E F0 -.2(bu)
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3.829 G 1.329(iltin \(see).2 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.329(SHELL B)3.829
-F(UIL)-.09 E 1.329(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.579 E 1.329(w\), the)
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-.25 F(programmable completion f)108 120 Q(acilities are in)-.1 E -.2
-(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E .334
-(First, the command name is identi\214ed.)108 136.8 R .333
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+(First, the command name is identi\214ed.)108 136.8 R .334
(If a compspec has been de\214ned for that command, the compspec is)
-5.334 F .587
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(used to generate the list of possible completions for the w)108 148.8 R
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-(ord is a full pathname, a)-.1 F 1.181
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(compspec for the full pathname is searched for \214rst.)108 160.8 R
-1.18(If no compspec is found for the full pathname, an)6.181 F
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(attempt is made to \214nd a compspec for the portion follo)108 172.8 Q
(wing the \214nal slash.)-.25 E .817(Once a compspec has been found, it\
is used to generate the list of matching w)108 189.6 R 3.317(ords. If)
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201.6 Q(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(completion as described abo)2.5 E .3
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(option is used for \214lename or directory name completion, the)3.095 F
(shell v)108 242.4 Q(ariable)-.25 E F3(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0
(is used to \214lter the matches.)2.25 E(An)108 259.2 Q 2.585(yc)-.15 G
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(xpansion pattern to the)-.15 F F1<ad47>2.585 E F0 .085
(option are generated ne)2.585 F 2.585(xt. The)-.15 F -.1(wo)2.585 G
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(not used to \214lter the matches, b)108 283.2 Q(ut the)-.2 E F3
-(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G(riable is used.).25 E(Ne)108 300 Q .321
-(xt, the string speci\214ed as the ar)-.15 F .321(gument to the)-.18 F
-F1<ad57>2.821 E F0 .32(option is considered.)2.821 F .32
-(The string is \214rst split using the)5.32 F .412(characters in the)108
-312 R F3(IFS)2.912 E F0 .412(special v)2.662 F .412
+(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G(riable is used.).25 E(Ne)108 300 Q .32
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(ariable as delimiters.)-.25 F .412(Shell quoting is honored.)5.412 F
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-(using brace e)108 324 R .092(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .092
-(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .092(ariable e)-.25 F .091
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R 1.396(xpansion, as described abo)-.15 F 1.696 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder)
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(The results are split using the rules described)5.896 F(abo)108 348 Q
-.51 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.75(Wo)2.71 G .21(rd Splitting).75 F
-F0 5.21(.T)C .209(he results of the e)-5.21 F .209
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(ord being com-)-.1 F(pleted, and the matching w)108 360 Q
-(ords become the possible completions.)-.1 E 1.237
-(After these matches ha)108 376.8 R 1.537 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.237
-(een generated, an).15 F 3.737(ys)-.15 G 1.238
-(hell function or command speci\214ed with the)-3.737 F F1<ad46>3.738 E
-F0(and)3.738 E F1<ad43>3.738 E F0 3.376(options is in)108 388.8 R -.2
+(ords become the possible completions.)-.1 E 1.238
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(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 5.875(d. When).1 F 3.375
(the command or function is in)5.875 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.375
-(d, the).1 F F3(COMP_LINE)5.875 E F4(,)A F3(COMP_POINT)5.625 E F4(,)A F3
-(COMP_KEY)108 400.8 Q F4(,)A F0(and)2.407 E F3(COMP_TYPE)2.657 E F0 -.25
-(va)2.407 G .157(riables are assigned v).25 F .157
-(alues as described abo)-.25 F .457 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 .158
-(Shell V)2.658 F(ariables)-.92 E F0 5.158(.I)C(f)-5.158 E 3.486(as)108
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+(COMP_KEY)108 400.8 Q F4(,)A F0(and)2.408 E F3(COMP_TYPE)2.658 E F0 -.25
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+(alues as described abo)-.25 F .457 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 .157
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.986(d, the).1 F F3(COMP_W)3.486 E(ORDS)-.09 E F0(and)3.236 E F3
(COMP_CW)3.486 E(ORD)-.09 E F0 -.25(va)3.236 G .986
-(riables are also set.).25 F(When)5.985 E .608
+(riables are also set.).25 F(When)5.986 E .609
(the function or command is in)108 424.8 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .608
(d, the \214rst ar).1 F .608(gument is the name of the command whose ar)
--.18 F .609(guments are)-.18 F .073(being completed, the second ar)108
+-.18 F .608(guments are)-.18 F .073(being completed, the second ar)108
436.8 R .073(gument is the w)-.18 F .073
(ord being completed, and the third ar)-.1 F .073(gument is the w)-.18 F
-.072(ord pre-)-.1 F .607(ceding the w)108 448.8 R .607
-(ord being completed on the current command line.)-.1 F .608
-(No \214ltering of the generated completions)5.607 F(ag)108 460.8 Q .094
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+(ord being completed on the current command line.)-.1 F .607
+(No \214ltering of the generated completions)5.607 F(ag)108 460.8 Q .093
(ainst the w)-.05 F .093(ord being completed is performed; the function\
or command has complete freedom in generat-)-.1 F(ing the matches.)108
-472.8 Q(An)108 489.6 Q 2.937(yf)-.15 G .437(unction speci\214ed with)
--2.93
7 F F1<ad46>2.937 E F0 .437(is in)2.937 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G
+472.8 Q(An)108 489.6 Q 2.938(yf)-.15 G .437(unction speci\214ed with)
+-2.93
8 F F1<ad46>2.937 E F0 .437(is in)2.937 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G
2.937<648c>.1 G 2.937(rst. The)-2.937 F .437(function may use an)2.937 F
-2.937(yo)-.15 G 2.937(ft)-2.937 G .437(he shell f)-2.937 F .438
-(acilities, including)-.1 F(the)108 501.6 Q F1(compgen)2.957 E F0 -.2
-(bu)2.957 G .457(iltin described belo).2 F 1.756 -.65(w, t)-.25 H 2.956
-(og).65 G .456(enerate the matches.)-2.956 F .456
+2.937(yo)-.15 G 2.937(ft)-2.937 G .437(he shell f)-2.937 F .437
+(acilities, including)-.1 F(the)108 501.6 Q F1(compgen)2.956 E F0 -.2
+(bu)2.956 G .456(iltin described belo).2 F 1.756 -.65(w, t)-.25 H 2.956
+(og).65 G .456(enerate the matches.)-2.956 F .457
(It must put the possible completions in the)5.456 F F3(COMPREPL)108
-513.6 Q(Y)-.828 E F0(array v)2.25 E(ariable.)-.25 E(Ne)108 530.4 Q .08
-(xt, an)-.15 F 2.58(yc)-.15 G .08(ommand speci\214ed with the)-2.58 F F1
-<ad43>2.58 E F0 .081(option is in)2.581 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.581
-(di).1 G 2.581(na)-2.581 G 2.581(ne)-2.581 G -.4(nv)-2.581 G .081
-(ironment equi).4 F -.25(va)-.25 G .081(lent to command sub-).25 F 2.859
+513.6 Q(Y)-.828 E F0(array v)2.25 E(ariable.)-.25 E(Ne)108 530.4 Q .081
+(xt, an)-.15 F 2.581(yc)-.15 G .081(ommand speci\214ed with the)-2.581 F
+F1<ad43>2.581 E F0 .081(option is in)2.581 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G
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+(ironment equi).4 F -.25(va)-.25 G .08(lent to command sub-).25 F 2.858
(stitution. It)108 542.4 R .359(should print a list of completions, one\
- per line, to the standard output.)2.859 F .358(Backslash may be used)
+ per line, to the standard output.)2.858 F .359(Backslash may be used)
5.359 F(to escape a ne)108 554.4 Q(wline, if necessary)-.25 E(.)-.65 E
-.376(After all of the possible completions are generated, an)108 571.2 R
-2.877<798c>-.15 G .377(lter speci\214ed with the)-2.877 F F1<ad58>2.877
-E F0 .377(option is applied to the)2.877 F 3.182(list. The)108 583.2 R
-.682(\214lter is a pattern as used for pathname e)3.182 F .681
-(xpansion; a)-.15 F F1(&)3.181 E F0 .681
-(in the pattern is replaced with the te)3.181 F .681(xt of)-.15 F .522
-(the w)108 595.2 R .522(ord being completed.)-.1 F 3.022(Al)5.522 G
-(iteral)-3.022 E F1(&)3.022 E F0 .523
+.377(After all of the possible completions are generated, an)108 571.2 R
+2.877<798c>-.15 G .377(lter speci\214ed with the)-2.877 F F1<ad58>2.876
+E F0 .376(option is applied to the)2.876 F 3.181(list. The)108 583.2 R
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+(xpansion; a)-.15 F F1(&)3.181 E F0 .682
+(in the pattern is replaced with the te)3.182 F .682(xt of)-.15 F .523
+(the w)108 595.2 R .523(ord being completed.)-.1 F 3.023(Al)5.523 G
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(may be escaped with a backslash; the backslash is remo)3.022 F -.15(ve)
--.15 G 3.023(db).15 G(efore)-3.023 E .85(attempting a match.)108 607.2 R
-(An)5.85 E 3.35(yc)-.15 G .849
-(ompletion that matches the pattern will be remo)-3.35 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
-3.349(df).15 G .849(rom the list.)-3.349 F 3.349(Al)5.849 G(eading)
--3.349 E F1(!)3.349 E F0(ne)108 619.2 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G
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(tes the pattern; in this case an).05 E 2.5(yc)-.15 G
(ompletion not matching the pattern will be remo)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G
-(d.).15 E(Finally)108 636 Q 3.086(,a)-.65 G .886 -.15(ny p)-3.086 H .586
+(d.).15 E(Finally)108 636 Q 3.087(,a)-.65 G .887 -.15(ny p)-3.087 H .587
(re\214x and suf).15 F .587(\214x speci\214ed with the)-.25 F F1<ad50>
3.087 E F0(and)3.087 E F1<ad53>3.087 E F0 .587
(options are added to each member of the com-)3.087 F(pletion list, and\
the result is returned to the readline completion code as the list of \
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+possible completions.)108 648 Q .246(If the pre)108 664.8 R .247
(viously-applied actions do not generate an)-.25 F 2.747(ym)-.15 G .247
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-(If the)108 693.6 R F1 .462(\255o plusdirs)2.961 F F0 .462(option w)
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(will be performed if the compspec \(and, if attempted, the def)108 132
Q(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(completions\) generate no matches.)2.5 E
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-d, the programmable completion func-)108 148.8 R .633(tions force readl\
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-st.).15 E F2(!)108 360 Q F0 1.607(Start a history substitution, e)32.67
-F 1.607(xcept when follo)-.15 F 1.607(wed by a)-.25 F F2(blank)4.107 E
-F0 4.107(,n)C -.25(ew)-4.107 G 1.608(line, carriage return, = or \().25
+st.).15 E F2(!)108 360 Q F0 1.608(Start a history substitution, e)32.67
+F 1.608(xcept when follo)-.15 F 1.607(wed by a)-.25 F F2(blank)4.107 E
+F0 4.107(,n)C -.25(ew)-4.107 G 1.607(line, carriage return, = or \().25
F(\(when the)144 372 Q F2(extglob)2.5 E F0
(shell option is enabled using the)2.5 E F2(shopt)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G
(iltin\).).2 E F2(!)108 384 Q F1(n)A F0(Refer to command line)27.67 E F1
F0(.).22 E F2(!?)108 432 Q F1(string)A F2([?])A F0 1.022
(Refer to the most recent command containing)144 444 R F1(string)3.522 E
F0 6.022(.T).22 G 1.022(he trailing)-6.022 F F2(?)3.522 E F0 1.022
-(may be omitted if)3.522 F F1(string)3.861 E F0(is)3.741 E(follo)144 456
+(may be omitted if)3.522 F F1(string)3.862 E F0(is)3.742 E(follo)144 456
Q(wed immediately by a ne)-.25 E(wline.)-.25 E/F3 12/Times-Bold@0 SF(^)
-108 473 Q F1(string1)-5 I F3(^)5 I F1(string2)-5 I F3(^)5 I F0 2.629
+108 473 Q F1(string1)-5 I F3(^)5 I F1(string2)-5 I F3(^)5 I F0 2.63
(Quick substitution.)144 480 R 2.629(Repeat the last command, replacing)
7.629 F F1(string1)5.469 E F0(with)5.129 E F1(string2)5.129 E F0 7.629
-(.E).02 G(qui)-7.629 E -.25(va)-.25 G 2.63(lent to).25 F -.74(``)144 492
-S(!!:s/).74 E F1(string1)A F0(/)A F1(string2)A F0(/')A 2.5('\()-.74 G
-(see)-2.5 E F2(Modi\214ers)2.5 E F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F2(!#)108 504
-Q F0(The entire command line typed so f)27.67 E(ar)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F2
--.75(Wo)87 520.8 S(rd Designators).75 E F0 -.8(Wo)108 532.8 S 1.314
+(.E).02 G(qui)-7.629 E -.25(va)-.25 G 2.629(lent to).25 F -.74(``)144
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+504 Q F0(The entire command line typed so f)27.67 E(ar)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F2
+-.75(Wo)87 520.8 S(rd Designators).75 E F0 -.8(Wo)108 532.8 S 1.313
(rd designators are used to select desired w).8 F 1.314(ords from the e)
--.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.814(nt. A).15 F F2(:)3.814 E F0 1.313
-(separates the e)3.813 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.313(nt speci\214cation).15 F
-.529(from the w)108 544.8 R .529(ord designator)-.1 F 5.529(.I)-.55 G
+-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.814(nt. A).15 F F2(:)3.814 E F0 1.314
+(separates the e)3.814 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.314(nt speci\214cation).15 F
+.53(from the w)108 544.8 R .529(ord designator)-.1 F 5.529(.I)-.55 G
3.029(tm)-5.529 G .529(ay be omitted if the w)-3.029 F .529
(ord designator be)-.1 F .529(gins with a)-.15 F F2(^)3.029 E F0(,)A F2
($)3.029 E F0(,)A F2(*)3.029 E F0(,)A F2<ad>3.029 E F0 3.029(,o)C(r)
--3.029 E F2(%)3.029 E F0 5.53(.W)C(ords)-6.33 E 1.301
-(are numbered from the be)108 556.8 R 1.301
-(ginning of the line, with the \214rst w)-.15 F 1.3
-(ord being denoted by 0 \(zero\).)-.1 F -.8(Wo)6.3 G 1.3(rds are).8 F
-(inserted into the current line separated by single spaces.)108 568.8 Q
+-3.029 E F2(%)3.029 E F0 5.529(.W)C(ords)-6.329 E 1.3
+(are numbered from the be)108 556.8 R 1.3
+(ginning of the line, with the \214rst w)-.15 F 1.301
+(ord being denoted by 0 \(zero\).)-.1 F -.8(Wo)6.301 G 1.301(rds are).8
+F(inserted into the current line separated by single spaces.)108 568.8 Q
F2 2.5(0\()108 585.6 S(zer)-2.5 E(o\))-.18 E F0(The zeroth w)144 597.6 Q
2.5(ord. F)-.1 F(or the shell, this is the command w)-.15 E(ord.)-.1 E
F1(n)108.36 609.6 Q F0(The)30.64 E F1(n)2.5 E F0(th w)A(ord.)-.1 E F2(^)
108 645.6 Q F0(The w)26 E(ord matched by the most recent `?)-.1 E F1
(string)A F0(?' search.)A F1(x)108.77 657.6 Q F2<ad>A F1(y)A F0 2.5(Ar)
20.65 G(ange of w)-2.5 E(ords; `\255)-.1 E F1(y)A F0 2.5('a)C(bbre)-2.5
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-(All of the w)31 F .315(ords b)-.1 F .315(ut the zeroth.)-.2 F .315
+E(viates `0\255)-.25 E F1(y)A F0('.)A F2(*)108 669.6 Q F0 .316
+(All of the w)31 F .316(ords b)-.1 F .316(ut the zeroth.)-.2 F .315
(This is a synon)5.315 F .315(ym for `)-.15 F F1(1\255$)A F0 2.815
-('. It)B .315(is not an error to use)2.815 F F2(*)2.816 E F0 .316
-(if there is)2.816 F(just one w)144 681.6 Q(ord in the e)-.1 E -.15(ve)
+('. It)B .315(is not an error to use)2.815 F F2(*)2.815 E F0 .315
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-.25 G(nt; the empty string is returned in that case.).15 E F2(x*)108
693.6 Q F0(Abbre)26 E(viates)-.25 E F1(x\255$)2.5 E F0(.)A F2<78ad>108
705.6 Q F0(Abbre)25.3 E(viates)-.25 E F1(x\255$)2.5 E F0(lik)2.5 E(e)-.1
E F2(x*)2.5 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut omits the last w)-2.7 E(ord.)-.1 E(If a w)
108 722.4 Q(ord designator is supplied without an e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
(nt speci\214cation, the pre).15 E(vious command is used as the e)-.25 E
--.15(ve)-.25 G(nt.).15 E(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2007 December 5)138.465 E
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+-.15(ve)-.25 G(nt.).15 E(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2008 February 22)138.46 E
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--.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Modi\214ers)87 84 Q F0 .184
-(After the optional w)108 96 R .184(ord designator)-.1 F 2.684(,t)-.4 G
-.183(here may appear a sequence of one or more of the follo)-2.684 F
-.183(wing modi\214ers,)-.25 F(each preceded by a `:'.)108 108 Q F1(h)108
+-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Modi\214ers)87 84 Q F0 .183
+(After the optional w)108 96 R .183(ord designator)-.1 F 2.683(,t)-.4 G
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124.8 Q F0(Remo)30.44 E .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H
(railing \214le name component, lea).15 E(ving only the head.)-.2 E F1
(t)108 136.8 Q F0(Remo)32.67 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.15 H
-.1 E F1(x)108 196.8 Q F0(Quote the substituted w)31 E(ords as with)-.1
E F1(q)2.5 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut break into w)-2.7 E(ords at)-.1 E F1(blanks)
2.5 E F0(and ne)2.5 E(wlines.)-.25 E F1(s/)108 208.8 Q F2(old)A F1(/)A
-F2(ne)A(w)-.15 E F1(/)A F0(Substitute)144 220.8 Q F2(ne)3.081 E(w)-.15 E
-F0 .221(for the \214rst occurrence of)3.031 F F2(old)2.951 E F0 .221
+F2(ne)A(w)-.15 E F1(/)A F0(Substitute)144 220.8 Q F2(ne)3.082 E(w)-.15 E
+F0 .221(for the \214rst occurrence of)3.032 F F2(old)2.951 E F0 .221
(in the e)3.491 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .221(nt line.).15 F(An)5.221 E 2.721
-(yd)-.15 G .221(elimiter can be used in place)-2.721 F .617(of /.)144
+(yd)-.15 G .221(elimiter can be used in place)-2.721 F .616(of /.)144
232.8 R .617
(The \214nal delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the e)
-5.617 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .617(nt line.).15 F .616(The delimiter may)5.616
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F .666(be quoted in)144 244.8 R F2(old)3.396 E F0(and)3.936 E F2(ne)
3.526 E(w)-.15 E F0 .666(with a single backslash.)3.476 F .666
(If & appears in)5.666 F F2(ne)3.166 E(w)-.15 E F0 3.166(,i).31 G 3.166
(ti)-3.166 G 3.166(sr)-3.166 G .666(eplaced by)-3.166 F F2(old)3.166 E
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-(If)5.275 E F2(old)3.004 E F0 .274(is null, it is set to the last)3.544
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-(fn)-2.774 G 2.774(op)-2.774 G(re)-2.774 E(vi-)-.25 E
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(ous history substitutions took place, the last)144 268.8 Q F2(string)
2.84 E F0(in a)2.72 E F1(!?)2.5 E F2(string)A F1([?])A F0(search.)5 E F1
(&)108 280.8 Q F0(Repeat the pre)27.67 E(vious substitution.)-.25 E F1
-(g)108 292.8 Q F0 .397(Cause changes to be applied o)31 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
-2.897(rt).15 G .398(he entire e)-2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .398(nt line.)
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-('\()C(e.g.,)-2.898 E(`)144 304.8 Q F1(:gs/)A F2(old)A F1(/)A F2(ne)A(w)
--.15 E F1(/)A F0 1.219('\) or `)B F1(:&)A F0 3.719('. If)B 1.219
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-(elimiter can be used in place of /, and the \214nal)-3.718 F .089
+(g)108 292.8 Q F0 .398(Cause changes to be applied o)31 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
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+('\()C(e.g.,)-2.897 E(`)144 304.8 Q F1(:gs/)A F2(old)A F1(/)A F2(ne)A(w)
+-.15 E F1(/)A F0 1.218('\) or `)B F1(:&)A F0 3.718('. If)B 1.218
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(delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the e)144 316.8 R
--.15(ve)-.25 G .09(nt line.).15 F(An)5.09 E F1(a)2.59 E F0 .09
-(may be used as a synon)2.59 F .09(ym for)-.15 F F1(g)144 328.8 Q F0(.)A
-F1(G)108 340.8 Q F0(Apply the follo)28.22 E(wing `)-.25 E F1(s)A F0 2.5
-('m)C(odi\214er once to each w)-2.5 E(ord in the e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(nt line.).15 E/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)72 357.6 Q(UIL)-.11 E
-(TIN COMMANDS)-1.007 E F0 .063(Unless otherwise noted, each b)108 369.6
+-.15(ve)-.25 G .089(nt line.).15 F(An)5.089 E F1(a)2.589 E F0 .089
+(may be used as a synon)2.589 F .089(ym for)-.15 F F1(g)144 328.8 Q F0
+(.)A F1(G)108 340.8 Q F0(Apply the follo)28.22 E(wing `)-.25 E F1(s)A F0
+2.5('m)C(odi\214er once to each w)-2.5 E(ord in the e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25
+G(nt line.).15 E/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)72 357.6 Q(UIL)-.11 E
+(TIN COMMANDS)-1.007 E F0 .062(Unless otherwise noted, each b)108 369.6
R .062(uiltin command documented in this section as accepting options p\
receded by)-.2 F F1<ad>108 381.6 Q F0(accepts)3.8 E F1<adad>3.8 E F0 1.3
(to signify the end of the options.)3.8 F -.15(Fo)6.3 G 3.8(re).15 G 1.3
(xample, the)-3.95 F F1(:)3.8 E F0(,)A F1(true)3.8 E F0(,)A F1(false)3.8
E F0 3.8(,a)C(nd)-3.8 E F1(test)3.8 E F0 -.2(bu)3.8 G 1.3(iltins do not)
.2 F(accept options.)108 393.6 Q F1(:)108 411.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A
-(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .452(No ef)144 423.6 R .452
+(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .451(No ef)144 423.6 R .451
(fect; the command does nothing be)-.25 F .452(yond e)-.15 F(xpanding)
--.15 E F2(ar)3.282 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .451(and performing an)3.221 F
-2.951(ys)-.15 G(peci\214ed)-2.951 E 2.5(redirections. A)144 435.6 R
+-.15 E F2(ar)3.282 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .452(and performing an)3.222 F
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(zero e)2.5 E(xit code is returned.)-.15 E F1(.)110.5 452.4 Q F2
(\214lename)6.666 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A F1(sour)108
464.4 Q(ce)-.18 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E
(names in)144 500.4 R/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)3.108 G(TH)-.189 E
F0 .608(are used to \214nd the directory containing)2.858 F F2
(\214lename)3.108 E F0 5.608(.T).18 G .608(he \214le searched for in)
--5.608 F F4 -.666(PA)3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .833(need not be e)144 512.4
-R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.333(cutable. When).15 F F1(bash)3.333 E F0 .832
-(is not in)3.333 F F2 .832(posix mode)3.332 F F0 3.332(,t)C .832
-(he current directory is searched if no)-3.332 F .981
+-5.608 F F4 -.666(PA)3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .832(need not be e)144 512.4
+R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.332(cutable. When).15 F F1(bash)3.332 E F0 .832
+(is not in)3.332 F F2 .832(posix mode)3.332 F F0 3.332(,t)C .833
+(he current directory is searched if no)-3.332 F .982
(\214le is found in)144 524.4 R F4 -.666(PA)3.481 G(TH)-.189 E/F5 9
/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .981(If the)5.481 F F1(sour)3.481 E(cepath)-.18
E F0 .981(option to the)3.481 F F1(shopt)3.481 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981
-(iltin command is turned of).2 F .982(f, the)-.25 F F4 -.666(PA)144
-536.4 S(TH)-.189 E F0 .112(is not searched.)2.363 F .112(If an)5.112 F
+(iltin command is turned of).2 F .981(f, the)-.25 F F4 -.666(PA)144
+536.4 S(TH)-.189 E F0 .112(is not searched.)2.362 F .112(If an)5.112 F
(y)-.15 E F2(ar)2.612 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .112(are supplied, the)2.612 F
2.612(yb)-.15 G .112(ecome the positional parameters when)-2.612 F F2
-(\214lename)144 548.4 Q F0 .341(is e)2.841 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.841
-(cuted. Otherwise).15 F .341(the positional parameters are unchanged.)
-2.841 F .342(The return status is the)5.342 F .716
+(\214lename)144 548.4 Q F0 .342(is e)2.842 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.842
+(cuted. Otherwise).15 F .342(the positional parameters are unchanged.)
+2.842 F .341(The return status is the)5.341 F .716
(status of the last command e)144 560.4 R .716
(xited within the script \(0 if no commands are e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
-.716(cuted\), and f).15 F .715(alse if)-.1 F F2(\214lename)145.91 572.4
+.716(cuted\), and f).15 F .716(alse if)-.1 F F2(\214lename)145.91 572.4
Q F0(is not found or cannot be read.)2.68 E F1(alias)108 589.2 Q F0([)
2.5 E F1<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)
-C(..])-2.5 E F1(Alias)144 601.2 Q F0 2.724(with no ar)5.224 F 2.724
+C(..])-2.5 E F1(Alias)144 601.2 Q F0 2.725(with no ar)5.225 F 2.724
(guments or with the)-.18 F F1<ad70>5.224 E F0 2.724
-(option prints the list of aliases in the form)5.224 F F1(alias)5.225 E
+(option prints the list of aliases in the form)5.224 F F1(alias)5.224 E
F2(name)144 613.2 Q F0(=)A F2(value)A F0 .58(on standard output.)3.08 F
.58(When ar)5.58 F .58
(guments are supplied, an alias is de\214ned for each)-.18 F F2(name)
(ord to be check)-.1 F .395(ed for alias sub-)-.1 F .054
(stitution when the alias is e)144 637.2 R 2.554(xpanded. F)-.15 F .054
(or each)-.15 F F2(name)2.554 E F0 .054(in the ar)2.554 F .054
-(gument list for which no)-.18 F F2(value)2.554 E F0 .053(is sup-)2.553
-F 1.313(plied, the name and v)144 649.2 R 1.314
+(gument list for which no)-.18 F F2(value)2.554 E F0 .054(is sup-)2.554
+F 1.314(plied, the name and v)144 649.2 R 1.314
(alue of the alias is printed.)-.25 F F1(Alias)6.314 E F0 1.314
-(returns true unless a)3.814 F F2(name)3.814 E F0 1.314(is gi)3.814 F
--.15(ve)-.25 G 3.814(nf).15 G(or)-3.814 E
+(returns true unless a)3.814 F F2(name)3.814 E F0 1.313(is gi)3.814 F
+-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.813(nf).15 G(or)-3.813 E
(which no alias has been de\214ned.)144 661.2 Q F1(bg)108 678 Q F0([)2.5
-E F2(jobspec)A F0(...])2.5 E .745(Resume each suspended job)144 690 R F2
-(jobspec)3.245 E F0 .745
-(in the background, as if it had been started with)3.245 F F1(&)3.244 E
-F0 5.744(.I)C(f)-5.744 E F2(job-)4.984 E(spec)144 702 Q F0 .671
-(is not present, the shell')3.481 F 3.171(sn)-.55 G .672(otion of the)
--3.171 F F2(curr)3.172 E .672(ent job)-.37 F F0 .672(is used.)3.172 F F1
-(bg)5.672 E F2(jobspec)4.912 E F0 .672(returns 0 unless run)3.482 F .419
+E F2(jobspec)A F0(...])2.5 E .744(Resume each suspended job)144 690 R F2
+(jobspec)3.244 E F0 .745
+(in the background, as if it had been started with)3.244 F F1(&)3.245 E
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+(is not present, the shell')3.482 F 3.172(sn)-.55 G .672(otion of the)
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+(bg)5.671 E F2(jobspec)4.911 E F0 .671(returns 0 unless run)3.481 F .418
(when job control is disabled or)144 714 R 2.919(,w)-.4 G .419
-(hen run with job control enabled, an)-2.919 F 2.918(ys)-.15 G
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-.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F2(shell\255command)A F1(bind)108 132 Q
F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6d>A F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G
(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F2(function\255name)A F1(bind)108 144 Q F2 -.37(re)
-2.5 G(adline\255command).37 E F0 .238(Display current)144 156 R F1 -.18
-(re)2.738 G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(ke)2.738 G 2.738(ya)-.05 G .239
-(nd function bindings, bind a k)-2.738 F .539 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .239
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180 252 Q(d)-.37 E F0(.)A F1<ad6c>144 264 Q F0(List the names of all)
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276 Q F0(Display)24.74 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0
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49 F F1<ad56>2.749 E F0(or)
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5 F F1<ad56>2.749 E F0(or)
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144 523.2 R .139(xisting completion speci\214cations are printed in a w)
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-(are supplied, all completion speci\214cations.)144 547.2 Q 1.438
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(The process of applying these completion speci\214cations when w)144
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+571.2 R 1.438(ord completion is attempted is)-.1 F(described abo)144
583.2 Q .3 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1(Pr)2.5 E
-(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0(.)A .555
-(Other options, if speci\214ed, ha)144 607.2 R .855 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .555
+(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0(.)A .556
+(Other options, if speci\214ed, ha)144 607.2 R .856 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .555
(he follo).15 F .555(wing meanings.)-.25 F .555(The ar)5.555 F .555
-(guments to the)-.18 F F1<ad47>3.056 E F0(,)A F1<ad57>3.056 E F0 3.056
-(,a)C(nd)-3.056 E F1<ad58>3.056 E F0 .723(options \(and, if necessary)
-144 619.2 R 3.223(,t)-.65 G(he)-3.223 E F1<ad50>3.223 E F0(and)3.223 E
-F1<ad53>3.223 E F0 .722
-(options\) should be quoted to protect them from e)3.223 F(xpan-)-.15 E
+(guments to the)-.18 F F1<ad47>3.055 E F0(,)A F1<ad57>3.055 E F0 3.055
+(,a)C(nd)-3.055 E F1<ad58>3.055 E F0 .722(options \(and, if necessary)
+144 619.2 R 3.222(,t)-.65 G(he)-3.222 E F1<ad50>3.222 E F0(and)3.222 E
+F1<ad53>3.222 E F0 .723
+(options\) should be quoted to protect them from e)3.222 F(xpan-)-.15 E
(sion before the)144 631.2 Q F1(complete)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G
(iltin is in).2 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E F1<ad6f>144 643.2 Q
-F2(comp-option)2.5 E F0(The)184 655.2 Q F2(comp-option)2.79 E F0 .291
+F2(comp-option)2.5 E F0(The)184 655.2 Q F2(comp-option)2.791 E F0 .291
(controls se)2.791 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .291(ral aspects of the compspec')
.15 F 2.791(sb)-.55 G(eha)-2.791 E .291(vior be)-.2 F .291
(yond the simple)-.15 F(generation of completions.)184 667.2 Q F2
(comp-option)5 E F0(may be one of:)2.5 E F1(bashdefault)184 679.2 Q F0
.281(Perform the rest of the def)224 691.2 R(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)2.781 E
F0 .281(completions if the compspec generates no)2.781 F(matches.)224
-703.2 Q F1(default)184 715.2 Q F0 2.875(Use readline')10 F 5.375(sd)-.55
-G(ef)-5.375 E 2.876
+703.2 Q F1(default)184 715.2 Q F0 2.876(Use readline')10 F 5.376(sd)-.55
+G(ef)-5.376 E 2.875
(ault \214lename completion if the compspec generates no)-.1 F(matches.)
-224 727.2 Q(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2007 December 5)138.465 E(47)188.455 E
+224 727.2 Q(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2008 February 22)138.46 E(47)188.45 E
0 Cg EP
%%Page: 48 48
%%BeginPageSetup
-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(dir)184 84 Q(names)-.15 E F0(Perform direc\
tory name completion if the compspec generates no matches.)224 96 Q F1
(\214lenames)184 108 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 120 S .137(ll readline that the co\
-mpspec generates \214lenames, so it can perform an).7 F 2.636<798c>-.15
-G(le-)-2.636 E .496(name\255speci\214c processing \(lik)224 132 R 2.996
+mpspec generates \214lenames, so it can perform an).7 F 2.637<798c>-.15
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(ea)-.1 G .496(dding a slash to directory names or suppress-)-2.996 F
(ing trailing spaces\).)224 144 Q
(Intended to be used with shell functions.)5 E F1(nospace)184 156 Q F0
(ault\) to w)-.1 F .22(ords completed at the end)-.1 F(of the line.)224
168 Q F1(plusdirs)184 180 Q F0 1.985(After an)5.54 F 4.485(ym)-.15 G
1.985(atches de\214ned by the compspec are generated, directory name)
--4.485 F .584(completion is attempted and an)224 192 R 3.084(ym)-.15 G
+-4.485 F .583(completion is attempted and an)224 192 R 3.084(ym)-.15 G
.584(atches are added to the results of the other)-3.084 F(actions.)224
204 Q F1<ad41>144 216 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(action)2.5 E F0(The)184
228 Q F2(action)2.5 E F0(may be one of the follo)2.5 E
(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(va)184 612 S
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(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F1<ad76>2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad47>144 624 Q F2
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(xpansion pattern)-.15 F F2(globpat)3.911 E F0 1.411(is e)3.911 F 1.411
(xpanded to generate the possible comple-)-.15 F(tions.)184 648 Q F1
-<ad57>144 660 Q F2(wor)2.5 E(dlist)-.37 E F0(The)184 672 Q F2(wor)3.64 E
-(dlist)-.37 E F0 1.14(is split using the characters in the)3.64 F F3
-(IFS)3.64 E F0 1.139(special v)3.39 F 1.139(ariable as delimiters, and)
--.25 F 2.007(each resultant w)184 684 R 2.007(ord is e)-.1 F 4.507
-(xpanded. The)-.15 F 2.008(possible completions are the members of the)
-4.507 F(resultant list which match the w)184 696 Q(ord being completed.)
--.1 E(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2007 December 5)138.465 E(48)188.455 E 0 Cg
+<ad57>144 660 Q F2(wor)2.5 E(dlist)-.37 E F0(The)184 672 Q F2(wor)3.639
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+(IFS)3.64 E F0 1.14(special v)3.39 F 1.14(ariable as delimiters, and)
+-.25 F 2.008(each resultant w)184 684 R 2.008(ord is e)-.1 F 4.508
+(xpanded. The)-.15 F 2.007(possible completions are the members of the)
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+-.1 E(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2008 February 22)138.46 E(48)188.45 E 0 Cg
EP
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%%EndPageSetup
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad43>144 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
-(command)2.5 E(command)184 96 Q F0 1.056(is e)3.556 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
-1.056(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 1.056
+(command)2.5 E(command)184 96 Q F0 1.055(is e)3.555 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
+1.055(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 1.056
(vironment, and its output is used as the possible)-.4 F(completions.)
-184 108 Q F1<ad46>144 120 Q F2(function)2.5 E F0 1.18
-(The shell function)184 132 R F2(function)3.68 E F0 1.181(is e)3.681 F
--.15(xe)-.15 G 1.181(cuted in the current shell en).15 F 3.681
-(vironment. When)-.4 F 1.181(it \214n-)3.681 F .932
+184 108 Q F1<ad46>144 120 Q F2(function)2.5 E F0 1.181
+(The shell function)184 132 R F2(function)3.681 E F0 1.181(is e)3.681 F
+-.15(xe)-.15 G 1.181(cuted in the current shell en).15 F 3.68
+(vironment. When)-.4 F 1.18(it \214n-)3.68 F .932
(ishes, the possible completions are retrie)184 144 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
3.432(df).15 G .932(rom the v)-3.432 F .932(alue of the)-.25 F/F3 9
-/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMPREPL)3.431 E(Y)-.828 E F0(array)3.181 E -.25(va)184
+/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMPREPL)3.432 E(Y)-.828 E F0(array)3.182 E -.25(va)184
156 S(riable.).25 E F1<ad58>144 168 Q F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E(\214lterpat)
-184 180 Q F0 .733(is a pattern as used for \214lename e)3.233 F 3.233
+184 180 Q F0 .733(is a pattern as used for \214lename e)3.234 F 3.233
(xpansion. It)-.15 F .733(is applied to the list of possible)3.233 F
1.596(completions generated by the preceding options and ar)184 192 R
1.596(guments, and each completion)-.18 F(matching)184 204 Q F2
-(\214lterpat)3.204 E F0 .704(is remo)3.204 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.204(df).15
-G .704(rom the list.)-3.204 F 3.204(Al)5.704 G(eading)-3.204 E F1(!)
-3.204 E F0(in)3.204 E F2(\214lterpat)3.205 E F0(ne)3.205 E -.05(ga)-.15
-G .705(tes the pattern;).05 F(in this case, an)184 216 Q 2.5(yc)-.15 G
+(\214lterpat)3.205 E F0 .705(is remo)3.205 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.205(df).15
+G .704(rom the list.)-3.205 F 3.204(Al)5.704 G(eading)-3.204 E F1(!)
+3.204 E F0(in)3.204 E F2(\214lterpat)3.204 E F0(ne)3.204 E -.05(ga)-.15
+G .704(tes the pattern;).05 F(in this case, an)184 216 Q 2.5(yc)-.15 G
(ompletion not matching)-2.5 E F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E F0(is remo)2.5 E
-.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E F1<ad50>144 228 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E(pr)
-184 240 Q(e\214x)-.37 E F0 .535(is added at the be)3.035 F .534
+184 240 Q(e\214x)-.37 E F0 .534(is added at the be)3.034 F .534
(ginning of each possible completion after all other options ha)-.15 F
-.15(ve)-.2 G(been applied.)184 252 Q F1<ad53>144 264 Q F2(suf)2.5 E
2.81(\214x suf)-.18 F<8c78>-.18 E F0
(is appended to each possible completion after all other options ha)2.5
-E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een applied.).15 E .466(The return v)144 280.8 R
-.466(alue is true unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .466
-(lid option is supplied, an option other than).25 F F1<ad70>2.967 E F0
-(or)2.967 E F1<ad72>2.967 E F0 .467(is sup-)2.967 F 1.362
-(plied without a)144 292.8 R F2(name)3.862 E F0(ar)3.862 E 1.361
-(gument, an attempt is made to remo)-.18 F 1.661 -.15(ve a c)-.15 H
-1.361(ompletion speci\214cation for a).15 F F2(name)144 304.8 Q F0
+E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een applied.).15 E .467(The return v)144 280.8 R
+.467(alue is true unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .466
+(lid option is supplied, an option other than).25 F F1<ad70>2.966 E F0
+(or)2.966 E F1<ad72>2.966 E F0 .466(is sup-)2.966 F 1.361
+(plied without a)144 292.8 R F2(name)3.861 E F0(ar)3.861 E 1.361
+(gument, an attempt is made to remo)-.18 F 1.662 -.15(ve a c)-.15 H
+1.362(ompletion speci\214cation for a).15 F F2(name)144 304.8 Q F0
(for which no speci\214cation e)2.5 E
(xists, or an error occurs adding a completion speci\214cation.)-.15 E
-F1(continue)108 321.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A 1.753(Resume the ne)144
-333.6 R 1.753(xt iteration of the enclosing)-.15 F F1 -.25(fo)4.254 G(r)
+F1(continue)108 321.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A 1.754(Resume the ne)144
+333.6 R 1.754(xt iteration of the enclosing)-.15 F F1 -.25(fo)4.254 G(r)
.25 E F0(,)A F1(while)4.254 E F0(,)A F1(until)4.254 E F0 4.254(,o)C(r)
--4.254 E F1(select)4.254 E F0 4.254(loop. If)4.254 F F2(n)4.614 E F0
-1.754(is speci\214ed,)4.494 F 1.209(resume at the)144 345.6 R F2(n)3.709
+-4.254 E F1(select)4.254 E F0 4.253(loop. If)4.254 F F2(n)4.613 E F0
+1.753(is speci\214ed,)4.493 F 1.208(resume at the)144 345.6 R F2(n)3.709
E F0 1.209(th enclosing loop.)B F2(n)6.569 E F0 1.209(must be)3.949 F/F4
10/Symbol SF<b3>3.709 E F0 3.709(1. If)3.709 F F2(n)4.069 E F0 1.209
-(is greater than the number of enclosing)3.949 F .667
+(is greater than the number of enclosing)3.949 F .668
(loops, the last enclosing loop \(the `)144 357.6 R(`top-le)-.74 E -.15
-(ve)-.25 G(l').15 E 3.167('l)-.74 G .667(oop\) is resumed.)-3.167 F .668
-(The return v)5.668 F .668(alue is 0 unless the)-.25 F(shell is not e)
+(ve)-.25 G(l').15 E 3.168('l)-.74 G .668(oop\) is resumed.)-3.168 F .667
+(The return v)5.667 F .667(alue is 0 unless the)-.25 F(shell is not e)
144 369.6 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting a loop when).15 E F1(continue)2.5 E F0
(is e)2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1(declar)108 386.4 Q(e)-.18 E
F0([)2.5 E F1(\255afFirtx)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2
(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E F1(typeset)108
398.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255afFirtx)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E F0 2.5
-(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E 1.265
-(Declare v)144 410.4 R 1.265(ariables and/or gi)-.25 F 1.565 -.15(ve t)
--.25 H 1.265(hem attrib).15 F 3.765(utes. If)-.2 F(no)3.765 E F2(name)
-3.765 E F0 3.765(sa)C 1.265(re gi)-3.765 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.764(nt).15 G
-1.264(hen display the v)-3.764 F 1.264(alues of)-.25 F -.25(va)144 422.4
-S 3.326(riables. The).25 F F1<ad70>3.326 E F0 .826
-(option will display the attrib)3.326 F .826(utes and v)-.2 F .826
-(alues of each)-.25 F F2(name)3.326 E F0 5.827(.W).18 G(hen)-5.827 E F1
-<ad70>3.327 E F0 .827(is used,)3.327 F .22
+(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E 1.264
+(Declare v)144 410.4 R 1.264(ariables and/or gi)-.25 F 1.564 -.15(ve t)
+-.25 H 1.264(hem attrib).15 F 3.765(utes. If)-.2 F(no)3.765 E F2(name)
+3.765 E F0 3.765(sa)C 1.265(re gi)-3.765 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.765(nt).15 G
+1.265(hen display the v)-3.765 F 1.265(alues of)-.25 F -.25(va)144 422.4
+S 3.327(riables. The).25 F F1<ad70>3.327 E F0 .826
+(option will display the attrib)3.327 F .826(utes and v)-.2 F .826
+(alues of each)-.25 F F2(name)3.326 E F0 5.826(.W).18 G(hen)-5.826 E F1
+<ad70>3.326 E F0 .826(is used,)3.326 F .22
(additional options are ignored.)144 434.4 R(The)5.22 E F1<ad46>2.72 E
F0 .22(option inhibits the display of function de\214nitions; only the)
2.72 F .466(function name and attrib)144 446.4 R .466(utes are printed.)
-.2 F .466(If the)5.466 F F1(extdeb)2.966 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .466
(shell option is enabled using)2.966 F F1(shopt)2.966 E F0 2.966(,t)C
(he)-2.966 E 1.308(source \214le name and line number where the functio\
-n is de\214ned are displayed as well.)144 458.4 R(The)6.30
8 E F1<ad46>
-3.808 E F0 .19(option implies)144 470.4 R F1<ad66>2.69 E F0 5.19(.T)C
-.19(he follo)-5.19 F .191
-(wing options can be used to restrict output to v)-.25 F .191
+n is de\214ned are displayed as well.)144 458.4 R(The)6.30
9 E F1<ad46>
+3.809 E F0 .191(option implies)144 470.4 R F1<ad66>2.691 E F0 5.191(.T)C
+.191(he follo)-5.191 F .191
+(wing options can be used to restrict output to v)-.25 F .19
(ariables with the speci-)-.25 F(\214ed attrib)144 482.4 Q(ute or to gi)
-.2 E .3 -.15(ve v)-.25 H(ariables attrib)-.1 E(utes:)-.2 E F1<ad61>144
494.4 Q F0(Each)25.3 E F2(name)2.5 E F0(is an array v)2.5 E
(ariable \(see)-.25 E F1(Arrays)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).)
.15 E F1<ad66>144 506.4 Q F0(Use function names only)26.97 E(.)-.65 E F1
-<ad69>144 518.4 Q F0 .558(The v)27.52 F .558
+<ad69>144 518.4 Q F0 .557(The v)27.52 F .558
(ariable is treated as an inte)-.25 F .558(ger; arithmetic e)-.15 F -.25
-(va)-.25 G .558(luation \(see).25 F F3 .557(ARITHMETIC EV)3.058 F(ALU)
+(va)-.25 G .558(luation \(see).25 F F3 .558(ARITHMETIC EV)3.058 F(ALU)
-1.215 E(A-)-.54 E(TION \))180 530.4 Q F0(is performed when the v)2.25 E
(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 E(alue.)-.25 E F1<ad72>144 542.4 Q F0(Mak)
-25.86 E(e)-.1 E F2(name)5.046 E F0 5.046(sr)C(eadonly)-5.046 E 7.546(.T)
--.65 G 2.546(hese names cannot then be assigned v)-7.546 F 2.547
+25.86 E(e)-.1 E F2(name)5.047 E F0 5.047(sr)C(eadonly)-5.047 E 7.547(.T)
+-.65 G 2.546(hese names cannot then be assigned v)-7.547 F 2.546
(alues by subsequent)-.25 F(assignment statements or unset.)180 554.4 Q
-F1<ad74>144 566.4 Q F0(Gi)26.97 E .73 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(ach).15 E F2
-(name)2.93 E F0(the)2.929 E F2(tr)2.929 E(ace)-.15 E F0(attrib)2.929 E
+F1<ad74>144 566.4 Q F0(Gi)26.97 E .729 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(ach).15 E F2
+(name)2.929 E F0(the)2.929 E F2(tr)2.929 E(ace)-.15 E F0(attrib)2.929 E
2.929(ute. T)-.2 F .429(raced functions inherit the)-.35 F F1(DEB)2.929
-E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.929 E F1(RETURN)2.929 E F0
+E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.93 E F1(RETURN)2.93 E F0
(traps from the calling shell.)180 578.4 Q(The trace attrib)5 E
(ute has no special meaning for v)-.2 E(ariables.)-.25 E F1<ad78>144
590.4 Q F0(Mark)25.3 E F2(name)2.5 E F0 2.5(sf)C(or e)-2.5 E
-(xport to subsequent commands via the en)-.15 E(vironment.)-.4 E .12
-(Using `+' instead of `\255' turns of)144 607.2 R 2.62(ft)-.25 G .12
-(he attrib)-2.62 F .121(ute instead, with the e)-.2 F .121
-(xceptions that)-.15 F F1(+a)2.621 E F0 .121(may not be used)2.621 F
-1.237(to destro)144 619.2 R 3.737(ya)-.1 G 3.737(na)-3.737 G 1.237
-(rray v)-3.737 F 1.237(ariable and)-.25 F F1 1.237(+r will not r)3.737 F
-(emo)-.18 E 1.437 -.1(ve t)-.1 H 1.237(he r).1 F 1.237(eadonly attrib)
--.18 F 3.737(ute. When)-.2 F 1.236(used in a)3.737 F .311(function, mak)
-144 631.2 R .311(es each)-.1 F F2(name)2.811 E F1 .311
-(local, as with the local)2.811 F F0 2.811(command. If)2.811 F 2.811(av)
-2.811 G .312(ariable name is follo)-3.061 F .312(wed by)-.25 F(=)144
-643.2 Q F2(value)A F0 3.239(,t)C .739(he v)-3.239 F .739(alue of the v)
--.25 F .739(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(value)3.238 E F0 5.738(.T)C .738
-(he return v)-5.738 F .738(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G
-.738(lid option is).25 F .603
+(xport to subsequent commands via the en)-.15 E(vironment.)-.4 E .121
+(Using `+' instead of `\255' turns of)144 607.2 R 2.621(ft)-.25 G .121
+(he attrib)-2.621 F .121(ute instead, with the e)-.2 F .12
+(xceptions that)-.15 F F1(+a)2.62 E F0 .12(may not be used)2.62 F 1.236
+(to destro)144 619.2 R 3.736(ya)-.1 G 3.737(na)-3.736 G 1.237(rray v)
+-3.737 F 1.237(ariable and)-.25 F F1 1.237(+r will not r)3.737 F(emo)
+-.18 E 1.437 -.1(ve t)-.1 H 1.237(he r).1 F 1.237(eadonly attrib)-.18 F
+3.737(ute. When)-.2 F 1.237(used in a)3.737 F .312(function, mak)144
+631.2 R .312(es each)-.1 F F2(name)2.812 E F1 .311
+(local, as with the local)2.812 F F0 2.811(command. If)2.811 F 2.811(av)
+2.811 G .311(ariable name is follo)-3.061 F .311(wed by)-.25 F(=)144
+643.2 Q F2(value)A F0 3.238(,t)C .738(he v)-3.238 F .738(alue of the v)
+-.25 F .738(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(value)3.238 E F0 5.738(.T)C .738
+(he return v)-5.738 F .739(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G
+.739(lid option is).25 F .603
(encountered, an attempt is made to de\214ne a function using)144 655.2
R/F5 10/Courier@0 SF .603(\255f foo=bar)3.103 F F0 3.103(,a)C 3.103(na)
--3.103 G .604(ttempt is made to)-3.103 F 1.243(assign a v)144 667.2 R
-1.243(alue to a readonly v)-.25 F 1.242
-(ariable, an attempt is made to assign a v)-.25 F 1.242
+-3.103 G .603(ttempt is made to)-3.103 F 1.242(assign a v)144 667.2 R
+1.242(alue to a readonly v)-.25 F 1.242
+(ariable, an attempt is made to assign a v)-.25 F 1.243
(alue to an array v)-.25 F(ariable)-.25 E 1.386
(without using the compound assignment syntax \(see)144 679.2 R F1
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-(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E 2.626(commands. If)144 391.2 R(the)2.626 E F1
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(xport property to be remo)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.086(df).15 G 1.586
(rom each)-4.086 F F2(name)4.086 E F0 6.586(.I)C 4.086(fav)-6.586 G
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-F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 2.804(,t)C .304(he v)-2.804 F .304(alue of the v)
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-.25 F .304(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)2.804 E(d)-.37 E F0(.)A F1
-(export)5.304 E F0 .304(returns an e)2.804 F .303
-(xit status of 0 unless an in)-.15 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .293
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(option is encountered, one of the)144 439.2 R F2(names)2.793 E F0 .293
(is not a v)2.793 F .293(alid shell v)-.25 F .293(ariable name, or)-.25
-F F1<ad66>2.793 E F0 .294(is supplied with a)2.793 F F2(name)144.36
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451.2 Q F0(that is not a function.)2.68 E F1(fc)108 468 Q F0([)2.5 E F1
<ad65>A F2(ename)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255lnr)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2
<8c72>-2.5 E(st)-.1 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(last)-2.5 E F0(])A F1(fc \255s)108
480 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(pat)A F0(=)A F2 -.37(re)C(p).37 E F0 2.5(][)C F2
-(cmd)-2.5 E F0(])A .478(Fix Command.)144 492 R .478
-(In the \214rst form, a range of commands from)5.478 F F2<8c72>4.888 E
-(st)-.1 E F0(to)3.658 E F2(last)3.068 E F0 .477
-(is selected from the his-)3.658 F .881(tory list.)144 504 R F2 -.45(Fi)
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+(cmd)-2.5 E F0(])A .477(Fix Command.)144 492 R .478
+(In the \214rst form, a range of commands from)5.477 F F2<8c72>4.888 E
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+(is selected from the his-)3.658 F .882(tory list.)144 504 R F2 -.45(Fi)
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(may be speci\214ed as a string \(to locate the last command be)4.062 F
-.882(ginning with)-.15 F .797(that string\) or as a number \(an inde)144
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516 R 3.297(xi)-.15 G .797(nto the history list, where a ne)-3.297 F
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-.15 F(of)144 528 Q .276(fset from the current command number\).)-.25 F
-(If)5.276 E F2(last)2.866 E F0 .277
-(is not speci\214ed it is set to the current command)3.456 F .093
+-.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.097 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .797(umber is used as an)
+.15 F(of)144 528 Q .277(fset from the current command number\).)-.25 F
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+(is not speci\214ed it is set to the current command)3.457 F .092
(for listing \(so that)144 540 R/F4 10/Courier@0 SF .092
(fc \255l \25510)2.592 F F0 .092(prints the last 10 commands\) and to)
2.592 F F2<8c72>4.502 E(st)-.1 E F0 2.592(otherwise. If)3.272 F F2<8c72>
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(speci\214ed it is set to the pre)144 552 Q
(vious command for editing and \25516 for listing.)-.25 E(The)144 576 Q
F1<ad6e>2.522 E F0 .022
(rses the order of).15 F .438(the commands.)144 588 R .438(If the)5.438
F F1<ad6c>2.938 E F0 .438(option is gi)2.938 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .438
(n, the commands are listed on standard output.).15 F(Otherwise,)5.438 E
-.334(the editor gi)144 600 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.834(nb).15 G(y)-2.834 E F2
-(ename)3.024 E F0 .335(is in)3.014 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.835(do)
+.335(the editor gi)144 600 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.835(nb).15 G(y)-2.835 E F2
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.1 G 2.835(na\214)-2.835 G .335(le containing those commands.)-2.835 F
-(If)5.335 E F2(ename)3.025 E F0 .335(is not gi)3.015 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(n,).15 E .631(the v)144 612 R .631(alue of the)-.25 F F3(FCEDIT)3.131 E
-F0 -.25(va)2.881 G .631(riable is used, and the v).25 F .631(alue of)
--.25 F F3(EDIT)3.131 E(OR)-.162 E F0(if)2.881 E F3(FCEDIT)3.13 E F0 .63
-(is not set.)2.88 F .63(If nei-)5.63 F .95(ther v)144 624 R .95
-(ariable is set,)-.25 F F2(vi)5.116 E F0 .95(is used.)5.116 F .951
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--.15(exe)144 636 S(cuted.).15 E .04(In the second form,)144 660 R F2
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--.35 E .788(last command e)144 84 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .788(cuted or f).15 F
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(alue is that of the command placed into the)-.25 F(fore)144 160.8 Q
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-(ailure if run when job control is disabled or)-.1 F 2.862(,w)-.4 G .362
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4.244 E F0 .004(speci\214es a job that w)2.814 F .004
(as started without job control.)-.1 F F2(getopts)108 189.6 Q F1
(optstring name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1(ar)A(gs)-.37 E F0(])A F2(getopts)144
201.6 Q F0 .793
-(is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters.)3.294 F F1
-(optstring)6.023 E F0 .793(contains the option)3.513 F .149
-(characters to be recognized; if a character is follo)144 213.6 R .15
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--.15(ve a)-.2 H(n).15 E(ar)144 225.6 Q .579
-(gument, which should be separated from it by white space.)-.18 F .578
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(The colon and question mark char)5.579 F(-)-.2 E 1.665
(acters may not be used as option characters.)144 237.6 R 1.665
(Each time it is in)6.665 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d,).1 E F2(getopts)
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-(option in the shell v)144 249.6 R(ariable)-.25 E F1(name)3.297 E F0
-3.297(,i).18 G(nitializing)-3.297 E F1(name)3.657 E F0 .797
-(if it does not e)3.477 F .796(xist, and the inde)-.15 F 3.296(xo)-.15 G
-3.296(ft)-3.296 G .796(he ne)-3.296 F(xt)-.15 E(ar)144 261.6 Q .085
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+(option in the shell v)144 249.6 R(ariable)-.25 E F1(name)3.296 E F0
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+(if it does not e)3.477 F .797(xist, and the inde)-.15 F 3.297(xo)-.15 G
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(gument to be processed into the v)-.18 F(ariable)-.25 E/F3 9
/Times-Bold@0 SF(OPTIND)2.585 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F3(OPTIND)
-4.585 E F0 .085(is initialized to 1 each time the shell)2.335 F .846
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(or a shell script is in)144 273.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.345
(d. When).1 F .845(an option requires an ar)3.345 F(gument,)-.18 E F2
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-(automatically; it must be manually)3.054 F .294
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+(automatically; it must be manually)3.053 F .293
(reset between multiple calls to)144 297.6 R F2(getopts)2.793 E F0 .293
(within the same shell in)2.793 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .293(cation if a ne).2 F
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-Q 2.043(When the end of options is encountered,)144 333.6 R F2(getopts)
-4.543 E F0 -.15(ex)4.543 G 2.043(its with a return v).15 F 2.044
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+Q 2.044(When the end of options is encountered,)144 333.6 R F2(getopts)
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(alue greater than zero.)-.25 F F2(OPTIND)144 345.6 Q F0
(is set to the inde)2.5 E 2.5(xo)-.15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G
(he \214rst non-option ar)-2.5 E(gument, and)-.18 E F2(name)2.5 E F0
-(is set to ?.)2.5 E F2(getopts)144 369.6 Q F0 2.393
-(normally parses the positional parameters, b)4.893 F 2.392
-(ut if more ar)-.2 F 2.392(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.892
-(ni).15 G(n)-4.892 E F1(ar)4.892 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E F2(getopts)144
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-(can report errors in tw)3.665 F 3.665(ow)-.1 G 3.665(ays. If)-3.765 F
-1.165(the \214rst character of)3.665 F F1(optstring)3.895 E F0 1.166
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+(is set to ?.)2.5 E F2(getopts)144 369.6 Q F0 2.392
+(normally parses the positional parameters, b)4.892 F 2.392
+(ut if more ar)-.2 F 2.393(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.893
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+(can report errors in tw)3.666 F 3.665(ow)-.1 G 3.665(ays. If)-3.765 F
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(reporting is used.)144 417.6 R 1.263
(In normal operation diagnostic messages are printed when in)6.263 F
--.25(va)-.4 G 1.263(lid options or).25 F .393(missing option ar)144
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(is set to 0, no error messages)2.644 F(will be displayed, e)144 441.6 Q
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--.25(va)-.4 G .667(lid option is seen,).25 F F2(getopts)3.167 E F0 .667
-(places ? into)3.167 F F1(name)3.527 E F0 .666
-(and, if not silent, prints an error message)3.347 F .399(and unsets)144
-477.6 R F3(OPT)2.899 E(ARG)-.81 E F4(.)A F0(If)4.899 E F2(getopts)2.899
-E F0 .399(is silent, the option character found is placed in)2.899 F F3
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-(diagnostic message is printed.)144 489.6 Q 1.242(If a required ar)144
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-(isible scope restricted to that function and its children.).15 F -.4
-(Wi)5.861 G .861(th no operands,).4 F F1(local)144 297.6 Q F0 1.165
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321.6 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0(is a readonly v)2.5 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1
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-(ntries from the directory stack.)-2.8 F -.4(Wi)5.299 G .299(th no ar).4
-F .299(guments, remo)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.799(st).15 G .299
-(he top directory from the)-2.799 F 1.478(stack, and performs a)144
-379.2 R F1(cd)3.978 E F0 1.479(to the ne)3.978 F 3.979(wt)-.25 G 1.479
-(op directory)-3.979 F 6.479(.A)-.65 G -.18(rg)-6.479 G 1.479
-(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.779 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.479(he follo).15
+(n)A F0(])A(Remo)144 367.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.799(se).15 G .299
+(ntries from the directory stack.)-2.799 F -.4(Wi)5.299 G .299(th no ar)
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+(he top directory from the)-2.799 F 1.479(stack, and performs a)144
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+(op directory)-3.979 F 6.479(.A)-.65 G -.18(rg)-6.479 G 1.478
+(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.778 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.478(he follo).15
F(wing)-.25 E(meanings:)144 391.2 Q F1<ad6e>144 403.2 Q F0 .551
(Suppresses the normal change of directory when remo)24.74 F .551
(ving directories from the stack, so)-.15 F
439.2 S 2.5(re).15 G(xample:)-2.65 E/F5 10/Courier@0 SF(popd +0)2.5 E F0
(remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(st).15 G(he \214rst directory)-2.5 E(,)
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-(Remo)25.3 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.76(st).15 G(he)-3.76 E F2(n)3.76 E F0
-1.259(th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.259(wn by)
--.25 F F1(dirs)3.759 E F0 3.759(,s)C 1.259(tarting with)-3.759 F 2.5
-(zero. F)180 463.2 R(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E F5(popd -0)2.5 E F0
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--.25(va)-.4 G .415
-(lid option is encountered, the directory stack is empty).25 F 2.915
-(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-2.915 E .415(xistent direc-)-.15 F
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(tory stack entry is speci\214ed, or the directory change f)144 504 Q
(ails.)-.1 E F1(printf)108 520.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad76>A F2(var)2.5 E F0
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-F0(])A .64(Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotat\
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-.872(returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty)144 132 R 5.871(.A)
--.65 G -.18(rg)-5.871 G .871(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.171 -.15
-(ve t)-.2 H .871(he follo).15 F .871(wing mean-)-.25 F(ings:)144 144 Q
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F1<ad6e>144 156 Q F0 .902(Suppresses the normal change of directory whe\
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-(only the stack is manipulated.)180 168 Q F1(+)144 180 Q F2(n)A F0 1.268
-(Rotates the stack so that the)25.3 F F2(n)3.768 E F0 1.267
-(th directory \(counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.267(wn by)
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-.25 F F1(dirs)180 192 Q F0 2.5(,s)C(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)
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F F1(dirs)180 216 Q F0 2.5(,s)C(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)-2.5
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321.6 R F1<ad50>2.681 E F0 .181(option is supplied or the)2.681 F F1
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-(set)2.681 E F0 -.2(bu)2.681 G .181(iltin command is).2 F 3.263
-(enabled. If)144 333.6 R(the)3.263 E F1<ad4c>3.263 E F0 .763
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(ad).18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255ers)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad61>-2.5 E F2(aname)
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One line is read from the standard input, or from the \214le descriptor)
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-(option, and the \214rst w)2.539 F .038(ord is assigned to the \214rst)
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(Options, if supplied, ha)144 458.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E
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(ords are assigned to sequential indices of the array v)-.1 F(ariable)
--.25 E F2(aname)3.55 E F0 3.55(,s).18 G 1.05(tarting at 0.)-3.55 F F2
-(aname)180.33 494.4 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68 E 2.5(yn)-.15 G .5 -.25
-(ew va)-2.5 H(lues are assigned.).25 E(Other)5 E F2(name)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5
-E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F1<ad64>144 506.4 Q F2(delim)2.5 E F0
-(The \214rst character of)180 518.4 Q F2(delim)2.5 E F0
+-.25 E F2(aname)3.549 E F0 3.549(,s).18 G 1.049(tarting at 0.)-3.549 F
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+-.25(ew va)-2.5 H(lues are assigned.).25 E(Other)5 E F2(name)2.5 E F0
+(ar)2.5 E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F1<ad64>144 506.4 Q F2(delim)2.5 E
+F0(The \214rst character of)180 518.4 Q F2(delim)2.5 E F0
(is used to terminate the input line, rather than ne)2.5 E(wline.)-.25 E
-F1<ad65>144 530.4 Q F0 .373
+F1<ad65>144 530.4 Q F0 .372
(If the standard input is coming from a terminal,)25.86 F F1 -.18(re)
-2.873 G(adline).18 E F0(\(see)2.873 E F3(READLINE)2.872 E F0(abo)2.622 E
--.15(ve)-.15 G 2.872(\)i).15 G 2.872(su)-2.872 G(sed)-2.872 E
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+-.15(ve)-.15 G 2.873(\)i).15 G 2.873(su)-2.873 G(sed)-2.873 E
(to obtain the line.)180 542.4 Q F1<ad6e>144 554.4 Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har)
--.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 566.4 S(ad).18 E F0 1.394
-(returns after reading)3.894 F F2(nc)3.894 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.395
-(characters rather than w)3.894 F 1.395(aiting for a complete line of)
+-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 566.4 S(ad).18 E F0 1.395
+(returns after reading)3.895 F F2(nc)3.895 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.395
+(characters rather than w)3.895 F 1.394(aiting for a complete line of)
-.1 F(input.)180 578.4 Q F1<ad70>144 590.4 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 E F0
-(Display)180 602.4 Q F2(pr)3.661 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161
-(on standard error)3.661 F 3.661(,w)-.4 G 1.161(ithout a trailing ne)
+(Display)180 602.4 Q F2(pr)3.66 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161
+(on standard error)3.66 F 3.661(,w)-.4 G 1.161(ithout a trailing ne)
-3.661 F 1.161(wline, before attempting to read)-.25 F(an)180 614.4 Q
2.5(yi)-.15 G 2.5(nput. The)-2.5 F
(prompt is displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.)2.5 E F1
-<ad72>144 626.4 Q F0 .543(Backslash does not act as an escape character)
-25.86 F 5.543(.T)-.55 G .544(he backslash is considered to be part of)
+<ad72>144 626.4 Q F0 .544(Backslash does not act as an escape character)
+25.86 F 5.543(.T)-.55 G .543(he backslash is considered to be part of)
-5.543 F(the line.)180 638.4 Q(In particular)5 E 2.5(,ab)-.4 G
(ackslash-ne)-2.5 E(wline pair may not be used as a line continuation.)
-.25 E F1<ad73>144 650.4 Q F0(Silent mode.)26.41 E
(If input is coming from a terminal, characters are not echoed.)5 E F1
-<ad74>144 662.4 Q F2(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 674.4 Q F1 -.18(re)3.549
-G(ad).18 E F0 1.048(to time out and return f)3.549 F 1.048
+<ad74>144 662.4 Q F2(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 674.4 Q F1 -.18(re)3.548
+G(ad).18 E F0 1.048(to time out and return f)3.548 F 1.048
(ailure if a complete line of input is not read within)-.1 F F2(timeout)
180 686.4 Q F0 2.92(seconds. This)2.92 F .42(option has no ef)2.92 F .42
(fect if)-.25 F F1 -.18(re)2.92 G(ad).18 E F0 .42
(is not reading input from the terminal)2.92 F(or a pipe.)180 698.4 Q F1
<ad75>144 710.4 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(Read input from \214le descriptor)14.46
-E F2(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .192(If no)144 727.2 R F2(names)3.052 E F0 .192
-(are supplied, the line read is assigned to the v)2.962 F(ariable)-.25 E
-F3(REPL)2.691 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .191
-(The return code is zero,)4.691 F(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2007 December 5)
-138.465 E(55)188.455 E 0 Cg EP
+E F2(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .191(If no)144 727.2 R F2(names)3.051 E F0 .191
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+F3(REPL)2.692 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .192
+(The return code is zero,)4.692 F(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q
+(2008 February 22)138.46 E(55)188.45 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 56 56
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--.35 E 1.217(unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)144 84 R/F1 10
-/Times-Bold@0 SF -.18(re)3.717 G(ad).18 E F0 1.217(times out, or an in)
-3.717 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.218(lid \214le descriptor is supplied as the).25
+-.35 E 1.218(unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)144 84 R/F1 10
+/Times-Bold@0 SF -.18(re)3.718 G(ad).18 E F0 1.217(times out, or an in)
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F(ar)144 96 Q(gument to)-.18 E F1<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.18(re)108 112.8
S(adonly).18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255apf)A F0 2.5(][)C/F2 10/Times-Italic@0
SF(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E .77
(The gi)144 124.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E F2(names)3.27 E F0 .77
(are mark)3.27 F .77(ed readonly; the v)-.1 F .77(alues of these)-.25 F
-F2(names)3.63 E F0 .77(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.096
-(quent assignment.)144 136.8 R 1.096(If the)6.096 F F1<ad66>3.596 E F0
-1.097(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.596 F F2
-(names)3.597 E F0 1.097(are so)3.597 F(mark)144 148.8 Q 2.873(ed. The)
--.1 F F1<ad61>2.873 E F0 .373(option restricts the v)2.873 F .372
+F2(names)3.63 E F0 .77(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.097
+(quent assignment.)144 136.8 R 1.097(If the)6.097 F F1<ad66>3.597 E F0
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+(names)3.596 E F0 1.096(are so)3.596 F(mark)144 148.8 Q 2.872(ed. The)
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(ariables to arrays.)-.25 F .372(If no)5.372 F F2(name)3.232 E F0(ar)
-3.052 E .372(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .372(n, or if the).15
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F F1<ad70>144 160.8 Q F0 .796
-(option is supplied, a list of all readonly names is printed.)3.296 F
+(option is supplied, a list of all readonly names is printed.)3.297 F
(The)5.796 E F1<ad70>3.296 E F0 .796(option causes output to be)3.296 F
.828(displayed in a format that may be reused as input.)144 172.8 R .828
-(If a v)5.828 F .828(ariable name is follo)-.25 F .827(wed by =)-.25 F
-F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 3.327(,t)C(he)-3.327 E -.25(va)144 184.8 S .404
-(lue of the v).25 F .404(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)2.904 E(d)-.37
-E F0 5.404(.T)C .405(he return status is 0 unless an in)-5.404 F -.25
-(va)-.4 G .405(lid option is encountered,).25 F 1.07(one of the)144
+(If a v)5.828 F .828(ariable name is follo)-.25 F .828(wed by =)-.25 F
+F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 3.328(,t)C(he)-3.328 E -.25(va)144 184.8 S .405
+(lue of the v).25 F .405(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)2.905 E(d)-.37
+E F0 5.405(.T)C .404(he return status is 0 unless an in)-5.405 F -.25
+(va)-.4 G .404(lid option is encountered,).25 F 1.069(one of the)144
196.8 R F2(names)3.929 E F0 1.069(is not a v)3.839 F 1.069(alid shell v)
-.25 F 1.069(ariable name, or)-.25 F F1<ad66>3.569 E F0 1.069
(is supplied with a)3.569 F F2(name)3.929 E F0 1.069(that is not a)3.749
F(function.)144 208.8 Q F1 -.18(re)108 225.6 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0([)
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(xit with the return v)-.15 F .587(alue speci\214ed by)-.25 F F2(n)3.087
-E F0 5.587(.I).24 G(f)-5.587 E F2(n)3.447 E F0 .587
+E F0 5.587(.I).24 G(f)-5.587 E F2(n)3.447 E F0 .586
(is omitted, the return status is)3.327 F 1.335
(that of the last command e)144 249.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.335
(cuted in the function body).15 F 6.335(.I)-.65 G 3.835(fu)-6.335 G
1.335(sed outside a function, b)-3.835 F 1.335(ut during)-.2 F -.15(exe)
144 261.6 S .794(cution of a script by the).15 F F1(.)3.294 E F0(\()
5.794 E F1(sour)A(ce)-.18 E F0 3.294(\)c)C .794
-(ommand, it causes the shell to stop e)-3.294 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .795
-(cuting that script).15 F .246(and return either)144 273.6 R F2(n)3.106
-E F0 .246(or the e)2.986 F .246(xit status of the last command e)-.15 F
--.15(xe)-.15 G .246(cuted within the script as the e).15 F .245
-(xit sta-)-.15 F .081(tus of the script.)144 285.6 R .082
+(ommand, it causes the shell to stop e)-3.294 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .794
+(cuting that script).15 F .245(and return either)144 273.6 R F2(n)3.105
+E F0 .246(or the e)2.985 F .246(xit status of the last command e)-.15 F
+-.15(xe)-.15 G .246(cuted within the script as the e).15 F .246
+(xit sta-)-.15 F .082(tus of the script.)144 285.6 R .082
(If used outside a function and not during e)5.082 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .082
-(cution of a script by).15 F F1(.)2.582 E F0 2.582(,t).833 G .082
-(he return sta-)-2.582 F 2.306(tus is f)144 297.6 R 4.806(alse. An)-.1 F
-4.806(yc)-.15 G 2.305(ommand associated with the)-4.806 F F1(RETURN)
-4.805 E F0 2.305(trap is e)4.805 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.305(cuted before e)
+(cution of a script by).15 F F1(.)2.582 E F0 2.581(,t).833 G .081
+(he return sta-)-2.581 F 2.305(tus is f)144 297.6 R 4.805(alse. An)-.1 F
+4.805(yc)-.15 G 2.305(ommand associated with the)-4.805 F F1(RETURN)
+4.805 E F0 2.306(trap is e)4.806 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.306(cuted before e)
.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cution).15 E(resumes after the function or script.)
144 309.6 Q F1(set)108 326.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1
(\255\255abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6f>-2.5 E F2(option)2.5
E F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E F1(set)108 338.4 Q F0
([)2.5 E F1(+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(+o)-2.5 E F2(option)
2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 350.4 S
-.835(thout options, the name and v).4 F .835(alue of each shell v)-.25 F
-.836(ariable are displayed in a format that can be)-.25 F .784
+.836(thout options, the name and v).4 F .835(alue of each shell v)-.25 F
+.835(ariable are displayed in a format that can be)-.25 F .784
(reused as input for setting or resetting the currently-set v)144 362.4
-R 3.284(ariables. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)3.284 G .783
-(riables cannot be).25 F 2.946(reset. In)144 374.4 R F2 .447(posix mode)
-2.946 F F0 2.947(,o)C .447(nly shell v)-2.947 F .447
+R 3.284(ariables. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)3.284 G .784
+(riables cannot be).25 F 2.947(reset. In)144 374.4 R F2 .447(posix mode)
+2.947 F F0 2.947(,o)C .447(nly shell v)-2.947 F .447
(ariables are listed.)-.25 F .447
-(The output is sorted according to the current)5.447 F 3.531
-(locale. When)144 386.4 R 1.031(options are speci\214ed, the)3.531 F
-3.531(ys)-.15 G 1.031(et or unset shell attrib)-3.531 F 3.53(utes. An)
--.2 F 3.53(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-3.53 G 1.03(uments remaining).18 F .202
+(The output is sorted according to the current)5.447 F 3.53
+(locale. When)144 386.4 R 1.031(options are speci\214ed, the)3.53 F
+3.531(ys)-.15 G 1.031(et or unset shell attrib)-3.531 F 3.531(utes. An)
+-.2 F 3.531(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-3.531 G 1.031(uments remaining).18 F .202
(after the options are processed are treated as v)144 398.4 R .202
(alues for the positional parameters and are assigned,)-.25 F(in order)
144 410.4 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G(o)-2.5 E F1($1)2.5 E F0(,)A F1($2)2.5 E F0(,)A
F1 2.5(... $)2.5 F F2(n)A F0 5(.O)C(ptions, if speci\214ed, ha)-5 E .3
-.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 422.4 Q
-F0 .54(Automatically mark v)29.3 F .539
-(ariables and functions which are modi\214ed or created for e)-.25 F
-.539(xport to)-.15 F(the en)184 434.4 Q
-(vironment of subsequent commands.)-.4 E F1<ad62>144 446.4 Q F0 .131
+F0 .539(Automatically mark v)29.3 F .539
+(ariables and functions which are modi\214ed or created for e)-.25 F .54
+(xport to)-.15 F(the en)184 434.4 Q(vironment of subsequent commands.)
+-.4 E F1<ad62>144 446.4 Q F0 .132
(Report the status of terminated background jobs immediately)28.74 F
-2.632(,r)-.65 G .132(ather than before the ne)-2.632 F(xt)-.15 E
+2.632(,r)-.65 G .131(ather than before the ne)-2.632 F(xt)-.15 E
(primary prompt.)184 458.4 Q(This is ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve o)
-.25 H(nly when job control is enabled.).15 E F1<ad65>144 470.4 Q F0
-1.694(Exit immediately if a)29.86 F F2 1.693(simple command)4.193 F F0
+1.693(Exit immediately if a)29.86 F F2 1.693(simple command)4.193 F F0
(\(see)4.193 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.693(SHELL GRAMMAR)4.193 F F0(abo)
-3.943 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.193(\)e).15 G 1.693(xits with a)-4.343 F .011
-(non-zero status.)184 482.4 R .011(The shell does not e)5.011 F .011
-(xit if the command that f)-.15 F .012(ails is part of the command)-.1 F
-.719(list immediately follo)184 494.4 R .719(wing a)-.25 F F1(while)
-3.219 E F0(or)3.219 E F1(until)3.219 E F0 -.1(ke)3.219 G(yw)-.05 E .719
-(ord, part of the test in an)-.1 F F1(if)3.218 E F0(statement,)3.218 E
-.378(part of a command e)184 506.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .379(cuted in a).15
+3.943 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.194(\)e).15 G 1.694(xits with a)-4.344 F .012
+(non-zero status.)184 482.4 R .012(The shell does not e)5.012 F .011
+(xit if the command that f)-.15 F .011(ails is part of the command)-.1 F
+.718(list immediately follo)184 494.4 R .718(wing a)-.25 F F1(while)
+3.218 E F0(or)3.218 E F1(until)3.219 E F0 -.1(ke)3.219 G(yw)-.05 E .719
+(ord, part of the test in an)-.1 F F1(if)3.219 E F0(statement,)3.219 E
+.379(part of a command e)184 506.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .379(cuted in a).15
F F1(&&)2.879 E F0(or)2.879 E/F4 10/Symbol SF<efef>2.879 E F0 .379
(list, an)2.879 F 2.879(yc)-.15 G .379(ommand in a pipeline b)-2.879 F
-.379(ut the last,)-.2 F .578(or if the command')184 518.4 R 3.078(sr)
+.378(ut the last,)-.2 F .577(or if the command')184 518.4 R 3.078(sr)
-.55 G .578(eturn v)-3.078 F .578(alue is being in)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G
-.578(rted via).15 F F1(!)3.078 E F0 5.578(.F)C .577
+.578(rted via).15 F F1(!)3.078 E F0 5.578(.F)C .578
(ailing simple commands that)-5.728 F .402(are part of shell functions \
or command lists enclosed in braces or parentheses satisfying)184 530.4
-R .841(the abo)184 542.4 R 1.141 -.15(ve c)-.15 H .841
-(onditions do not cause the shell to e).15 F 3.341(xit. A)-.15 F .84
-(trap on)3.34 F F1(ERR)3.34 E F0 3.34(,i)C 3.34(fs)-3.34 G .84(et, is e)
--3.34 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E(before the shell e)184 554.4 Q(xits.)
--.15 E F1<ad66>144 566.4 Q F0(Disable pathname e)30.97 E(xpansion.)-.15
-E F1<ad68>144 578.4 Q F0 2.238(Remember the location of commands as the)
-28.74 F 4.738(ya)-.15 G 2.239(re look)-4.738 F 2.239(ed up for e)-.1 F
--.15(xe)-.15 G 4.739(cution. This).15 F(is)4.739 E(enabled by def)184
-590.4 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1<ad6b>144 602.4 Q F0 .514(All ar)28.74 F .514
+R .84(the abo)184 542.4 R 1.14 -.15(ve c)-.15 H .84
+(onditions do not cause the shell to e).15 F 3.341(xit. A)-.15 F .841
+(trap on)3.341 F F1(ERR)3.341 E F0 3.341(,i)C 3.341(fs)-3.341 G .841
+(et, is e)-3.341 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E(before the shell e)184
+554.4 Q(xits.)-.15 E F1<ad66>144 566.4 Q F0(Disable pathname e)30.97 E
+(xpansion.)-.15 E F1<ad68>144 578.4 Q F0 2.239
+(Remember the location of commands as the)28.74 F 4.738(ya)-.15 G 2.238
+(re look)-4.738 F 2.238(ed up for e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 4.738
+(cution. This).15 F(is)4.738 E(enabled by def)184 590.4 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1
+<ad6b>144 602.4 Q F0 .513(All ar)28.74 F .514
(guments in the form of assignment statements are placed in the en)-.18
-F .513(vironment for a)-.4 F
+F .514(vironment for a)-.4 F
(command, not just those that precede the command name.)184 614.4 Q F1
-<ad6d>144 626.4 Q F0 .148(Monitor mode.)25.97 F .148
-(Job control is enabled.)5.148 F .149(This option is on by def)5.148 F
-.149(ault for interacti)-.1 F .449 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells).15 E .637
+<ad6d>144 626.4 Q F0 .149(Monitor mode.)25.97 F .149
+(Job control is enabled.)5.149 F .148(This option is on by def)5.149 F
+.148(ault for interacti)-.1 F .448 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells).15 E .636
(on systems that support it \(see)184 638.4 R F3 .636(JOB CONTR)3.136 F
-(OL)-.27 E F0(abo)2.886 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.136(\). Background).15 F .636
-(processes run in a)3.136 F .641
-(separate process group and a line containing their e)184 650.4 R .642
+(OL)-.27 E F0(abo)2.886 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.136(\). Background).15 F .637
+(processes run in a)3.136 F .642
+(separate process group and a line containing their e)184 650.4 R .641
(xit status is printed upon their com-)-.15 F(pletion.)184 662.4 Q F1
-<ad6e>144 674.4 Q F0 .653(Read commands b)28.74 F .653(ut do not e)-.2 F
--.15(xe)-.15 G .653(cute them.).15 F .652
-(This may be used to check a shell script for)5.653 F(syntax errors.)184
+<ad6e>144 674.4 Q F0 .652(Read commands b)28.74 F .652(ut do not e)-.2 F
+-.15(xe)-.15 G .652(cute them.).15 F .653
+(This may be used to check a shell script for)5.652 F(syntax errors.)184
686.4 Q(This is ignored by interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15
E F1<ad6f>144 698.4 Q F2(option\255name)2.5 E F0(The)184 710.4 Q F2
(option\255name)2.5 E F0(can be one of the follo)2.5 E(wing:)-.25 E
-(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2007 December 5)138.465 E(56)188.455 E 0 Cg EP
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F1(hashall)184 216 Q F0(Same as)9.43 E F1<ad68>2.5 E F0(.)A F1
(histexpand)184 228 Q F0(Same as)224 240 Q F1<ad48>2.5 E F0(.)A F1
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(xit with a non-zero status, or zero if all commands in the pipeline)
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2.091(where the def)4.591 F 2.091(ault operation dif)-.1 F 2.091
(fers from the)-.25 F(POSIX standard to match the standard \()224 492 Q
/F5 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(posix mode)A F0(\).)A F1(pri)184 504 Q(vileged)
(rbose).1 E F0(Same as)7.33 E F1<ad76>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(vi)184 540 Q F0
(Use a vi-style command line editing interf)32.22 E(ace.)-.1 E F1
(xtrace)184 552 Q F0(Same as)13.35 E F1<ad78>2.5 E F0(.)A(If)184 570 Q
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(option settings is displayed on the standard output.)184 594 Q F1<ad70>
-144 606 Q F0 -.45(Tu)28.74 G 1.072(rn on).45 F F5(privile)4.822 E -.1
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(ser \(group\) id not equal to the real user \(group\) id, and the).15 F
-F1<ad70>3.359 E F0 .859(option is not sup-)3.359 F .294
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(rning this option of).45 F(f)-.25 E(causes the ef)184 678 Q(fecti)-.25
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<ad74>144 690 Q F0(Exit after reading and e)30.97 E -.15(xe)-.15 G
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(eat unset v).35 F .444
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(ariable, the shell prints an error message, and, if not interacti)-.25
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-.15 E(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2007 December 5)138.465 E(57)188.455 E 0 Cg
+.15 E(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2008 February 22)138.46 E(57)188.45 E 0 Cg
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(UG)-.1 E F0(and)4.432 E F1(RETURN)184 324 Q F0
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(ault unless otherwise noted.)-.1 F .425
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(vior)-.2 E 5.222(.W)-.55 G .222(ith no options, or with the)-5.622 F F1
<ad70>2.722 E F0 .721(option, a list of all settable options is display\
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E F0(.)A F1<ad75>144 602.4 Q F0(Disable \(unset\) each)24.74 E F2
(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad71>144 614.4 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal out\
put \(quiet mode\); the return status indicates whether the)24.74 F F2
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--.25 F(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2007 December 5)138.465 E(58)188.455 E 0 Cg
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(If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory component in a)
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370.8 Q 5(.T)-.65 G(his allo)-5 E
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264 Q F1<ad66>2.5 E F0
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312 Q F1<ad66>2.5 E F0
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-(names are case insensiti)144 261.6 R 1.045 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .745
+(names are case insensiti)144 309.6 R 1.045 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .745
(nd the SIG pre\214x is optional.).15 F .745(If a)5.745 F F2(sigspec)
3.585 E F0(is)3.555 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(EXIT)3.245 E F0 .745
-(\(0\) the command)2.995 F F2(ar)144.33 273.6 Q(g)-.37 E F0 1.63(is e)
+(\(0\) the command)2.995 F F2(ar)144.33 321.6 Q(g)-.37 E F0 1.63(is e)
4.35 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.63(cuted on e).15 F 1.63(xit from the shell.)
-.15 F 1.63(If a)6.63 F F2(sigspec)4.47 E F0(is)4.44 E F3(DEB)4.13 E(UG)
-.09 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 1.629(the command)3.88 F F2(ar)4.459
E(g)-.37 E F0 1.629(is e)4.349 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E 1.206
-(before e)144 285.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E F2 1.206(simple command)
+(before e)144 333.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E F2 1.206(simple command)
3.706 F F0(,)A F2(for)3.706 E F0(command,)3.706 E F2(case)3.706 E F0
(command,)3.706 E F2(select)3.707 E F0 1.207(command, e)3.707 F -.15(ve)
--.25 G 1.207(ry arithmetic).15 F F2(for)144 297.6 Q F0 .412
+-.25 G 1.207(ry arithmetic).15 F F2(for)144 345.6 Q F0 .412
(command, and before the \214rst command e)2.913 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .412
(cutes in a shell function \(see).15 F F3 .412(SHELL GRAMMAR)2.912 F F0
-(abo)144 309.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.665(\). Refer).15 F .166
+(abo)144 357.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.665(\). Refer).15 F .166
(to the description of the)2.665 F F1(extdeb)2.666 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .166
(option to the)2.666 F F1(shopt)2.666 E F0 -.2(bu)2.666 G .166
-(iltin for details of its ef).2 F(fect)-.25 E .509(on the)144 321.6 R F1
+(iltin for details of its ef).2 F(fect)-.25 E .509(on the)144 369.6 R F1
(DEB)3.009 E(UG)-.1 E F0 3.009(trap. If)3.009 F(a)3.009 E F2(sigspec)
3.348 E F0(is)3.318 E F3(ERR)3.008 E F4(,)A F0 .508(the command)2.758 F
F2(ar)3.338 E(g)-.37 E F0 .508(is e)3.228 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .508
(cuted whene).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.008(ras).15 G .508(imple com-)-3.008
-F 2.506(mand has a non\255zero e)144 333.6 R 2.506
+F 2.506(mand has a non\255zero e)144 381.6 R 2.506
(xit status, subject to the follo)-.15 F 2.506(wing conditions.)-.25 F
(The)7.506 E F3(ERR)5.006 E F0 2.506(trap is not)4.756 F -.15(exe)144
-345.6 S .105(cuted if the f).15 F .105
+393.6 S .105(cuted if the f).15 F .105
(ailed command is part of the command list immediately follo)-.1 F .105
(wing a)-.25 F F1(while)2.605 E F0(or)2.605 E F1(until)2.605 E F0 -.1
-(ke)144 357.6 S(yw)-.05 E .549(ord, part of the test in an)-.1 F F2(if)
+(ke)144 405.6 S(yw)-.05 E .549(ord, part of the test in an)-.1 F F2(if)
3.059 E F0 .549(statement, part of a command e)5.009 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
.549(cuted in a).15 F F1(&&)3.049 E F0(or)3.049 E/F5 10/Symbol SF<efef>
-3.049 E F0 .549(list, or if)3.049 F .578(the command')144 369.6 R 3.078
+3.049 E F0 .549(list, or if)3.049 F .578(the command')144 417.6 R 3.078
(sr)-.55 G .578(eturn v)-3.078 F .578(alue is being in)-.25 F -.15(ve)
-.4 G .578(rted via).15 F F1(!)3.078 E F0 5.577(.T)C .577
(hese are the same conditions obe)-5.577 F .577(yed by the)-.15 F F1
-(err)144 381.6 Q(exit)-.18 E F0 3.03(option. If)3.03 F(a)3.03 E F2
+(err)144 429.6 Q(exit)-.18 E F0 3.03(option. If)3.03 F(a)3.03 E F2
(sigspec)3.37 E F0(is)3.341 E F3(RETURN)3.031 E F4(,)A F0 .531
(the command)2.781 F F2(ar)3.361 E(g)-.37 E F0 .531(is e)3.251 F -.15
(xe)-.15 G .531(cuted each time a shell function).15 F .317
-(or a script e)144 393.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .317(cuted with the).15 F F1
+(or a script e)144 441.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .317(cuted with the).15 F F1
(.)2.817 E F0(or)2.817 E F1(sour)2.817 E(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.817 G
.317(iltins \214nishes e).2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.817(cuting. Signals).15 F
.316(ignored upon entry to)2.817 F .787
-(the shell cannot be trapped or reset.)144 405.6 R -.35(Tr)5.787 G .787
+(the shell cannot be trapped or reset.)144 453.6 R -.35(Tr)5.787 G .787
(apped signals that are not being ignored are reset to their).35 F 1.1
-(original v)144 417.6 R 1.1
+(original v)144 465.6 R 1.1
(alues in a child process when it is created.)-.25 F 1.1
(The return status is f)6.1 F 1.1(alse if an)-.1 F(y)-.15 E F2(sigspec)
-3.94 E F0(is)3.91 E(in)144 429.6 Q -.25(va)-.4 G(lid; otherwise).25 E F1
-(trap)2.5 E F0(returns true.)2.5 E F1(type)108 446.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1
+3.94 E F0(is)3.91 E(in)144 477.6 Q -.25(va)-.4 G(lid; otherwise).25 E F1
+(trap)2.5 E F0(returns true.)2.5 E F1(type)108 494.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1
(\255aftpP)A F0(])A F2(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(name)A F0(...])2.5 E -.4
-(Wi)144 458.4 S .173(th no options, indicate ho).4 F 2.673(we)-.25 G
+(Wi)144 506.4 S .173(th no options, indicate ho).4 F 2.673(we)-.25 G
(ach)-2.673 E F2(name)3.033 E F0 -.1(wo)2.853 G .174
(uld be interpreted if used as a command name.).1 F .174(If the)5.174 F
-F1<ad74>144 470.4 Q F0 .843(option is used,)3.343 F F1(type)3.343 E F0
+F1<ad74>144 518.4 Q F0 .843(option is used,)3.343 F F1(type)3.343 E F0
.843(prints a string which is one of)3.343 F F2(alias)3.343 E F0(,).27 E
F2 -.1(ke)3.343 G(ywor)-.2 E(d)-.37 E F0(,).77 E F2(function)3.343 E F0
(,).24 E F2 -.2(bu)3.342 G(iltin).2 E F0 3.342(,o).24 G(r)-3.342 E F2
-(\214le)5.252 E F0(if)3.522 E F2(name)144.36 482.4 Q F0 .086
+(\214le)5.252 E F0(if)3.522 E F2(name)144.36 530.4 Q F0 .086
(is an alias, shell reserv)2.766 F .086(ed w)-.15 F .086
(ord, function, b)-.1 F .087(uiltin, or disk \214le, respecti)-.2 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.087(.I)-.65 G 2.587(ft)-5.087 G(he)-2.587 E F2
(name)2.947 E F0 .087(is not)2.767 F .119
-(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 494.4 R .118
+(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 542.4 R .118
(xit status of f)-.15 F .118(alse is returned.)-.1 F .118(If the)5.118 F
F1<ad70>2.618 E F0 .118(option is used,)2.618 F F1(type)2.618 E F0 .855
-(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 506.4 R .855
+(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 554.4 R .855
(ould be e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .855(cuted if).15 F F2(name)3.715 E F0
.855(were speci\214ed as a com-)3.535 F .641(mand name, or nothing if)
-144 518.4 R/F6 10/Courier@0 SF .641(type -t name)3.141 F F0 -.1(wo)3.141
+144 566.4 R/F6 10/Courier@0 SF .641(type -t name)3.141 F F0 -.1(wo)3.141
G .641(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)3.14 E F0 5.64(.T).18 G(he)-5.64 E
F1<ad50>3.14 E F0 .64(option forces a)3.14 F F3 -.666(PA)3.14 G(TH)-.189
-E F0 .112(search for each)144 530.4 R F2(name)2.612 E F0 2.612(,e)C -.15
+E F0 .112(search for each)144 578.4 R F2(name)2.612 E F0 2.612(,e)C -.15
(ve)-2.862 G 2.613(ni).15 G(f)-2.613 E F6 .113(type -t name)2.613 F F0
-.1(wo)2.613 G .113(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)2.613 E F0 5.113(.I)
.18 G 2.613(fac)-5.113 G .113(ommand is hashed,)-2.613 F F1<ad70>2.613 E
-F0(and)144 5
42.4 Q F1<ad50>2.945 E F0 .445(print the hashed v)2.945 F
+F0(and)144 5
90.4 Q F1<ad50>2.945 E F0 .445(print the hashed v)2.945 F
.444(alue, not necessarily the \214le that appears \214rst in)-.25 F F3
-.666(PA)2.944 G(TH)-.189 E F4(.)A F0 .444(If the)4.944 F F1<ad61>2.944
-E F0(option)2.944 E .265(is used,)144 554.4 R F1(type)2.765 E F0 .265
+E F0(option)2.944 E .265(is used,)144 602.4 R F1(type)2.765 E F0 .265
(prints all of the places that contain an e)2.765 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .265
(cutable named).15 F F2(name)2.765 E F0 5.265(.T).18 G .265
(his includes aliases)-5.265 F .427(and functions, if and only if the)
-144
566.4 R F1<ad70>2.926 E F0 .426(option is not also used.)2.926 F
+144
614.4 R F1<ad70>2.926 E F0 .426(option is not also used.)2.926 F
.426(The table of hashed commands is not)5.426 F .548
-(consulted when using)144
578.4 R F1<ad61>3.048 E F0 5.548(.T)C(he)
+(consulted when using)144
626.4 R F1<ad61>3.048 E F0 5.548(.T)C(he)
-5.548 E F1<ad66>3.048 E F0 .549
(option suppresses shell function lookup, as with the)3.048 F F1
-(command)3.049 E F0 -.2(bu)144 590.4 S(iltin.).2 E F1(type)5 E F0
+(command)3.049 E F0 -.2(bu)144 638.4 S(iltin.).2 E F1(type)5 E F0
(returns true if an)2.5 E 2.5(yo)-.15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he ar)-2.5 E
(guments are found, f)-.18 E(alse if none are found.)-.1 E F1(ulimit)108
-607.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255SHacde\214lmnpqrstuvx)A F0([)2.5 E F2(limit)A
-F0(]])A(Pro)144 619.2 Q .244(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.744
+655.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255SHacde\214lmnpqrstuvx)A F0([)2.5 E F2(limit)A
+F0(]])A(Pro)144 667.2 Q .244(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.744
(rt).15 G .244(he resources a)-2.744 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244
(ilable to the shell and to processes started by it, on systems).25 F
-.943(that allo)144 631.2 R 3.443(ws)-.25 G .943(uch control.)-3.443 F
+.943(that allo)144 679.2 R 3.443(ws)-.25 G .943(uch control.)-3.443 F
(The)5.943 E F1<ad48>3.443 E F0(and)3.443 E F1<ad53>3.444 E F0 .944
(options specify that the hard or soft limit is set for the)3.444 F(gi)
-144 643.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.709(nr).15 G 2.709(esource. A)-2.709 F .208
+144 691.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.709(nr).15 G 2.709(esource. A)-2.709 F .208
(hard limit cannot be increased by a non-root user once it is set; a so\
-ft limit may)2.709 F .425(be increased up to the v)144 655.2 R .425
+ft limit may)2.709 F .425(be increased up to the v)144 703.2 R .425
(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .426(If neither)5.425 F F1<ad48>2.926 E
F0(nor)2.926 E F1<ad53>2.926 E F0 .426
(is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.926 F .139(hard limits are set.)144
-667.2 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F2(limit)2.729 E F0 .139
+715.2 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F2(limit)2.729 E F0 .139
(can be a number in the unit speci\214ed for the resource or one)3.319 F
-.741(of the special v)144 679.2 R(alues)-.25 E F1(hard)3.241 E F0(,)A F1
+.741(of the special v)144 727.2 R(alues)-.25 E F1(hard)3.241 E F0(,)A F1
(soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F1(unlimited)3.241 E F0 3.241(,w)
-C .741(hich stand for the current hard limit, the current)-3.241 F .78
-(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 691.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E
-5.78(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.78 E F2(limit)3.37 E F0 .78
-(is omitted, the current v)3.96 F .78(alue of the soft limit of the)-.25
-F .498(resource is printed, unless the)144 703.2 R F1<ad48>2.999 E F0
-.499(option is gi)2.999 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.999(n. When).15 F .499
-(more than one resource is speci\214ed, the)2.999 F
-(limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 715.2 Q 2.5
-(alue. Other)-.25 F(options are interpreted as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E
-(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2007 December 5)138.465 E(62)188.455 E 0 Cg EP
+C .741(hich stand for the current hard limit, the current)-3.241 F
+(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2008 February 22)138.46 E(62)188.45 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 63 63
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad61>144 84 Q F0
-(All current limits are reported)25.3 E F1<ad63>144 96 Q F0
-(The maximum size of core \214les created)25.86 E F1<ad64>144 108 Q F0
+-.35 E .78(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 84 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
+(ly).15 E 5.78(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.78 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(limit)3.37 E
+F0 .78(is omitted, the current v)3.96 F .78
+(alue of the soft limit of the)-.25 F .498
+(resource is printed, unless the)144 96 R/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad48>
+2.999 E F0 .499(option is gi)2.999 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.999(n. When).15 F
+.499(more than one resource is speci\214ed, the)2.999 F
+(limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 108 Q 2.5(alue. Other)
+-.25 F(options are interpreted as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F2<ad61>144 120
+Q F0(All current limits are reported)25.3 E F2<ad63>144 132 Q F0
+(The maximum size of core \214les created)25.86 E F2<ad64>144 144 Q F0
(The maximum size of a process')24.74 E 2.5(sd)-.55 G(ata se)-2.5 E
-(gment)-.15 E F1<ad65>144 120 Q F0
-(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))25.86 E F1<ad66>144 132 Q F0
+(gment)-.15 E F2<ad65>144 156 Q F0
+(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))25.86 E F2<ad66>144 168 Q F0
(The maximum size of \214les written by the shell and its children)26.97
-E F1<ad69>144 144 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)27.52 E F1
-<ad6c>144 156 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)27.52 E
-(ed into memory)-.1 E F1<ad6d>144 168 Q F0
-(The maximum resident set size)21.97 E F1<ad6e>144 180 Q F0 .791(The ma\
+E F2<ad69>144 180 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)27.52 E F2
+<ad6c>144 192 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)27.52 E
+(ed into memory)-.1 E F2<ad6d>144 204 Q F0
+(The maximum resident set size)21.97 E F2<ad6e>144 216 Q F0 .791(The ma\
ximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do not allo)24.74
-F 3.29(wt)-.25 G .79(his v)-3.29 F .79(alue to)-.25 F(be set\))180 192 Q
-F1<ad70>144 204 Q F0
-(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))24.74 E F1
-<ad71>144 216 Q F0(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)
-24.74 E F1<ad72>144 228 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)
-25.86 E F
1<ad73>144 240 Q F0(The maximum stack size)26.41 E F1<ad74>144
-2
52 Q F0(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)26.97 E F1<ad75>144
-264 Q F0(The maximum number of processes a)24.74 E -.25(va)-.2 G
-(ilable to a single user).25 E F1<ad76>144 276 Q F0
+F 3.29(wt)-.25 G .79(his v)-3.29 F .79(alue to)-.25 F(be set\))180 228 Q
+F2<ad70>144 240 Q F0
+(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))24.74 E F2
+<ad71>144 252 Q F0(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)
+24.74 E F2<ad72>144 264 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)
+25.86 E F
2<ad73>144 276 Q F0(The maximum stack size)26.41 E F2<ad74>144
+2
88 Q F0(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)26.97 E F2<ad75>144
+300 Q F0(The maximum number of processes a)24.74 E -.25(va)-.2 G
+(ilable to a single user).25 E F2<ad76>144 312 Q F0
(The maximum amount of virtual memory a)25.3 E -.25(va)-.2 G
-(ilable to the shell).25 E F1<ad78>144 288 Q F0
-(The maximum number of \214le locks)25.3 E(If)144 304.8 Q/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(limit)2.933 E F0 .343(is gi)3.523 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-.343(n, it is the ne).15 F 2.843(wv)-.25 G .343
-(alue of the speci\214ed resource \(the)-3.093 F F1<ad61>2.843 E F0 .343
-(option is display only\).)2.843 F .343(If no)5.343 F .176(option is gi)
-144 316.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .176(n, then).15 F F1<ad66>2.676 E F0 .175
-(is assumed.)2.676 F -1.11(Va)5.175 G .175
-(lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .175(xcept for)-.15 F F1
-<ad74>2.675 E F0 2.675(,w)C .175(hich is in)-2.675 F(seconds,)144 328.8
-Q F1<ad70>2.697 E F0 2.697(,w)C .197
-(hich is in units of 512-byte blocks, and)-2.697 F F1<ad6e>2.698 E F0
-(and)2.698 E F1<ad75>2.698 E F0 2.698(,w)C .198(hich are unscaled v)
+(ilable to the shell).25 E F2<ad78>144 324 Q F0
+(The maximum number of \214le locks)25.3 E(If)144 340.8 Q F1(limit)2.933
+E F0 .343(is gi)3.523 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .343(n, it is the ne).15 F 2.843
+(wv)-.25 G .343(alue of the speci\214ed resource \(the)-3.093 F F2<ad61>
+2.843 E F0 .343(option is display only\).)2.843 F .343(If no)5.343 F
+.176(option is gi)144 352.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .176(n, then).15 F F2<ad66>
+2.676 E F0 .175(is assumed.)2.676 F -1.11(Va)5.175 G .175
+(lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .175(xcept for)-.15 F F2
+<ad74>2.675 E F0 2.675(,w)C .175(hich is in)-2.675 F(seconds,)144 364.8
+Q F2<ad70>2.697 E F0 2.697(,w)C .197
+(hich is in units of 512-byte blocks, and)-2.697 F F2<ad6e>2.698 E F0
+(and)2.698 E F2<ad75>2.698 E F0 2.698(,w)C .198(hich are unscaled v)
-2.698 F 2.698(alues. The)-.25 F .404(return status is 0 unless an in)
-144 340.8 R -.25(va)-.4 G .404(lid option or ar).25 F .404
+144 376.8 R -.25(va)-.4 G .404(lid option or ar).25 F .404
(gument is supplied, or an error occurs while setting)-.18 F 2.5(an)144
-352.8 S .5 -.25(ew l)-2.5 H(imit.).25 E F1(umask)108 369.6 Q F0([)2.5 E
-F1<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad53>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(mode)-2.5 E F0(])A
-.2(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 381.6 R F2(mode)2.7 E F0
-5.2(.I).18 G(f)-5.2 E F2(mode)3.08 E F0(be)2.88 E .2
+388.8 S .5 -.25(ew l)-2.5 H(imit.).25 E F2(umask)108 405.6 Q F0([)2.5 E
+F2<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad53>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(mode)-2.5 E F0(])A
+.2(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 417.6 R F1(mode)2.7 E F0
+5.2(.I).18 G(f)-5.2 E F1(mode)3.08 E F0(be)2.88 E .2
(gins with a digit, it is interpreted as an octal)-.15 F .066(number; o\
therwise it is interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that acce\
-pted by)144 393.6 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144
-405.6 Q F2(mode)3.262 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.062 F .382
-(alue of the mask is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.382 E F
1<ad53>2.882 E F0 .382
+pted by)144 429.6 R F1 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144
+441.6 Q F1(mode)3.262 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.062 F .382
+(alue of the mask is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.382 E F
2<ad53>2.882 E F0 .382
(option causes the mask to be)2.882 F .547
-(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 417.6 R .547
+(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 453.6 R .547
(ault output is an octal number)-.1 F 5.547(.I)-.55 G 3.047(ft)-5.547 G
-(he)-3.047 E F1<ad70>3.047 E F0 .547(option is supplied, and)3.047 F F2
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%%Trailer
end
%%EOF
@xrdef{Exit Status-pg}{31}
@xrdef{Exit Status-snt}{Section@tie 3.7.5}
@xrdef{Signals-title}{Signals}
-@xrdef{Signals-pg}{31}
+@xrdef{Signals-pg}{32}
@xrdef{Signals-snt}{Section@tie 3.7.6}
@xrdef{Shell Scripts-title}{Shell Scripts}
@xrdef{Shell Scripts-pg}{32}
\entry{execution environment}{30}{execution environment}
\entry{environment}{31}{environment}
\entry{exit status}{31}{exit status}
-\entry{signal handling}{31}{signal handling}
+\entry{signal handling}{32}{signal handling}
\entry{shell script}{32}{shell script}
\entry{special builtin}{57}{special builtin}
\entry{login shell}{71}{login shell}
\entry {shell variable}{15}
\entry {shell, interactive}{73}
\entry {signal}{4}
-\entry {signal handling}{31}
+\entry {signal handling}{32}
\entry {special builtin}{4, 57}
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\entry {suspending jobs}{87}
<HTML>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
-<!-- Created on January, 10 2008 by texi2html 1.64 -->
+<!-- Created on March, 4 2008 by texi2html 1.64 -->
<!--
Written by: Lionel Cons <Lionel.Cons@cern.ch> (original author)
Karl Berry <karl@freefriends.org>
<H1>Bash Reference Manual</H1></P><P>
This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
-the Bash shell (version 3.2, 14 December 2007).
+the Bash shell (version 3.2, 22 February 2008).
</P><P>
-This is Edition 3.2, last updated 14 December 2007,
+This is Edition 3.2, last updated 22 February 2008,
of <CITE>The GNU Bash Reference Manual</CITE>,
for <CODE>Bash</CODE>, Version 3.2.
</P><P>
<!--docid::SEC53::-->
<P>
+The exit status of an executed command is the value returned by the
+<VAR>waitpid</VAR> system call or equivalent function. Exit statuses
+fall between 0 and 255, though, as explained below, the shell may
+use values above 125 specially. Exit statuses from shell builtins and
+compound commands are also limited to this range. Under certain
+circumstances, the shell will use special values to indicate specific
+failure modes.
+</P><P>
+
For the shell's purposes, a command which exits with a
zero exit status has succeeded.
A non-zero exit status indicates failure.
<DT><CODE>printf</CODE>
<DD><A NAME="IDX101"></A>
-<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre><CODE>printf</CODE> [-v <VAR>var</VAR>] <VAR>format</VAR> [<VAR>arguments</VAR>]
+<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>printf [-v <VAR>var</VAR>] <VAR>format</VAR> [<VAR>arguments</VAR>]
</pre></td></tr></table>Write the formatted <VAR>arguments</VAR> to the standard output under the
control of the <VAR>format</VAR>.
The <VAR>format</VAR> is a character string which contains three types of objects:
easy re-editing of multi-line commands.
<P>
+<DT><CODE>compat31</CODE>
+<DD>If set, Bash
+changes its behavior to that of version 3.1 with respect to quoted
+arguments to the conditional command's =~ operator.
+<P>
+
<DT><CODE>dotglob</CODE>
<DD>If set, Bash includes filenames beginning with a `.' in
the results of filename expansion.
<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="bashref.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<H1>About this document</H1>
-This document was generated by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>January, 10 2008</I>
+This document was generated by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>March, 4 2008</I>
using <A HREF="http://www.mathematik.uni-kl.de/~obachman/Texi2html
"><I>texi2html</I></A>
<P></P>
<BR>
<FONT SIZE="-1">
This document was generated
-by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>January, 10 2008</I>
+by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>March, 4 2008</I>
using <A HREF="http://www.mathematik.uni-kl.de/~obachman/Texi2html
"><I>texi2html</I></A>
/Users/chet/src/bash/src/doc/bashref.texi.
This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
-the Bash shell (version 3.2, 14 December 2007).
+the Bash shell (version 3.2, 22 February 2008).
- This is Edition 3.2, last updated 14 December 2007, of `The GNU Bash
+ This is Edition 3.2, last updated 22 February 2008, of `The GNU Bash
Reference Manual', for `Bash', Version 3.2.
Copyright (C) 1988-2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
below. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled
"GNU Free Documentation License".
- (a) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: "You are free to copy and modify
- this GNU Manual. Buying copies from GNU Press supports the FSF in
- developing GNU and promoting software freedom."
+ (a) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: "You have the freedom to copy
+ and modify this GNU manual. Buying copies from the FSF supports
+ it in developing GNU and promoting software freedom."
+
INFO-DIR-SECTION Basics
START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
*************
This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
-the Bash shell (version 3.2, 14 December 2007).
+the Bash shell (version 3.2, 22 February 2008).
- This is Edition 3.2, last updated 14 December 2007, of `The GNU Bash
+ This is Edition 3.2, last updated 22 February 2008, of `The GNU Bash
Reference Manual', for `Bash', Version 3.2.
Bash contains features that appear in other popular shells, and some
3.7.5 Exit Status
-----------------
-For the shell's purposes, a command which exits with a zero exit status
-has succeeded. A non-zero exit status indicates failure. This
+The exit status of an executed command is the value returned by the
+WAITPID system call or equivalent function. Exit statuses fall between
+0 and 255, though, as explained below, the shell may use values above
+125 specially. Exit statuses from shell builtins and compound commands
+are also limited to this range. Under certain circumstances, the shell
+will use special values to indicate specific failure modes.
+
+ For the shell's purposes, a command which exits with a zero exit
+status has succeeded. A non-zero exit status indicates failure. This
seemingly counter-intuitive scheme is used so there is one well-defined
way to indicate success and a variety of ways to indicate various
failure modes. When a command terminates on a fatal signal whose
Exit a login shell, returning a status of N to the shell's parent.
`printf'
- `printf' [-v VAR] FORMAT [ARGUMENTS]
+ printf [-v VAR] FORMAT [ARGUMENTS]
Write the formatted ARGUMENTS to the standard output under the
control of the FORMAT. The FORMAT is a character string which
contains three types of objects: plain characters, which are
command in the same history entry. This allows easy
re-editing of multi-line commands.
+ `compat31'
+ If set, Bash changes its behavior to that of version 3.1 with
+ respect to quoted arguments to the conditional command's =~
+ operator.
+
`dotglob'
If set, Bash includes filenames beginning with a `.' in the
results of filename expansion.
\1f
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-Node: GNU Free Documentation License\7f349281
-Node: Indexes\7f371742
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-Node: Reserved Word Index\7f378729
-Node: Variable Index\7f381177
-Node: Function Index\7f392341
-Node: Concept Index\7f399073
+Node: Top\7f1350
+Node: Introduction\7f3189
+Node: What is Bash?\7f3417
+Node: What is a shell?\7f4530
+Node: Definitions\7f7070
+Node: Basic Shell Features\7f9839
+Node: Shell Syntax\7f11058
+Node: Shell Operation\7f12088
+Node: Quoting\7f13382
+Node: Escape Character\7f14685
+Node: Single Quotes\7f15170
+Node: Double Quotes\7f15518
+Node: ANSI-C Quoting\7f16643
+Node: Locale Translation\7f17599
+Node: Comments\7f18495
+Node: Shell Commands\7f19113
+Node: Simple Commands\7f19879
+Node: Pipelines\7f20510
+Node: Lists\7f22385
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+Node: Looping Constructs\7f24800
+Node: Conditional Constructs\7f27247
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+Node: Shell Parameters\7f40747
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+Node: Special Parameters\7f43977
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+Node: Exit Status\7f88647
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+Node: Shell Arithmetic\7f198558
+Node: Aliases\7f201304
+Node: Arrays\7f203876
+Node: The Directory Stack\7f207225
+Node: Directory Stack Builtins\7f207939
+Node: Printing a Prompt\7f210831
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+Node: Job Control Builtins\7f228105
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+Node: Numeric Arguments\7f274512
+Node: Commands For Completion\7f275651
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+Node: Miscellaneous Commands\7f279815
+Node: Readline vi Mode\7f285126
+Node: Programmable Completion\7f286040
+Node: Programmable Completion Builtins\7f291858
+Node: Using History Interactively\7f299454
+Node: Bash History Facilities\7f300138
+Node: Bash History Builtins\7f303052
+Node: History Interaction\7f306909
+Node: Event Designators\7f309614
+Node: Word Designators\7f310629
+Node: Modifiers\7f312268
+Node: Installing Bash\7f313672
+Node: Basic Installation\7f314809
+Node: Compilers and Options\7f317501
+Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures\7f318242
+Node: Installation Names\7f319906
+Node: Specifying the System Type\7f320724
+Node: Sharing Defaults\7f321440
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+Node: Optional Features\7f323071
+Node: Reporting Bugs\7f332002
+Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell\7f333196
+Node: GNU Free Documentation License\7f349876
+Node: Indexes\7f372337
+Node: Builtin Index\7f372791
+Node: Reserved Word Index\7f379324
+Node: Variable Index\7f381772
+Node: Function Index\7f392936
+Node: Concept Index\7f399668
\1f
End Tag Table
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+This is TeX, Version 3.141592 (Web2C 7.5.4) (format=tex 2006.11.28) 4 MAR 2008 08:38
**/Users/chet/src/bash/src/doc/bashref.texi
(/Users/chet/src/bash/src/doc/bashref.texi (./texinfo.tex
Loading texinfo [version 2003-02-03.16]: Basics,
[1]
Chapter 2 [2] [3] Chapter 3 [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10]
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[]@texttt case @textttsl word @texttt in [ [(] @textttsl pat-tern @texttt [| @
textttsl pat-tern@texttt ][]) @textttsl command-list @texttt ;;][] esac[][]
[11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25]
[26] [27] [28] [29] [30] [31] [32] Chapter 4 [33] [34] [35] [36] [37] [38]
[39] [40] [41]
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@texttt emacs-meta[]@textrm , @texttt emacs-ctlx[]@textrm , @texttt vi[]@textr
m , @texttt vi-move[]@textrm , @texttt vi-command[]@textrm , and
.etc.
[42] [43] [44] [45]
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[]@texttt read [-ers] [-a @textttsl aname@texttt ] [-d @textttsl de-lim@texttt
] [-n @textttsl nchars@texttt ] [-p @textttsl prompt@texttt ] [-t @textttsl ti
me-
.etc.
[46] [47] [48] [49] [50] [51] [52] [53]
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[] []@textrm Error trac-ing is en-abled: com-mand sub-sti-tu-tion, shell
@hbox(7.60416+2.12917)x433.62, glue set 2.95305
[54] [55] [56] Chapter 5 [57] [58] [59] [60] [61] [62] [63] [64] [65] [66]
Chapter 6 [67] [68]
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[]@texttt bash [long-opt] [-ir] [-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP] [-o @textttsl op-tion@t
exttt ] [-O @textttsl shopt_option@texttt ] [@textttsl ar-
.etc.
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[]@texttt bash [long-opt] [-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP] [-o @textttsl op-tion@texttt
] [-O @textttsl shopt_option@texttt ] -c @textttsl string @texttt [@textttsl ar
-
.etc.
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[]@texttt bash [long-opt] -s [-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP] [-o @textttsl op-tion@text
tt ] [-O @textttsl shopt_option@texttt ] [@textttsl ar-
.etc.
[69] [70]
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[]@textrm When a lo-gin shell ex-its, Bash reads and ex-e-cutes com-mands from
the file
.etc.
[71] [72] [73] [74] [75] [76] [77] [78] [79] [80] [81] [82] [83] [84]
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@textrm `@texttt --enable-strict-posix-default[]@textrm '[] to @texttt configur
e[] @textrm when build-ing (see Sec-tion 10.8
[115]) (/Users/chet/src/bash/src/lib/readline/doc/hsuser.texi Chapter 9
[116] [117] [118] [119] [120]) Chapter 10 [121] [122] [123] [124] [125]
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[]@textrm Enable sup-port for large files (@texttt http://www.sas.com/standard
s/large_
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-(xceeds the number)-.15 F(of positional parameters.)184 564 Q F1(sour)
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162 S(pr1).2 E F0<ad>2.5 E F1(a)A F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35
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626.4 R F2(sigspec)3.108 E F0 3.108(\)o)C(r)-3.108 E F1<ad>3.108 E
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38.4 R F1<ad6c>2.83 E F0 .33(option causes the shell \
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86.4 R F1<ad6c>2.83 E F0 .33(option causes the shell \
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--4.481 E(GNU Bash-3.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(17)198.725 E 0 Cg
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%%Page: 18 18
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16.8 R F2<ad70>2.926 E F0 .426(option is not also used.)2.926 F
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64.8 R F3<ad70>2.926 E F0 .426(option is not also used.)2.926 F
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(ilable to the shell and to processes started by it, on systems).25 F
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9(resource is printed, unless the)144 453.6 R F2<ad48>2.999 E F0
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477.6 Q F0(All current limits are reported)25.3 E F2<ad63>144
-
489.6 Q F0(The maximum size of core \214les created)25.86 E F2<ad64>144
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-(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))25.86 E F2<ad66>144 525.6 Q
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525.6 Q F0(All current limits are reported)25.3 E F3<ad63>144
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537.6 Q F0(The maximum size of core \214les created)25.86 E F3<ad64>144
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-27.52 E F2<ad6c>144 549.6 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)27.52 E
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-(The maximum resident set size)21.97 E F2<ad6e>144 573.6 Q F0 .791(The \
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-24.74 F 3.291(wt)-.25 G .791(his v)-3.291 F .791(alue to)-.25 F
-(be set\))180 585.6 Q F2<ad70>144 597.6 Q F0
-(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))24.74 E F2
-<ad71>144 609.6 Q F0
-(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)24.74 E F
2<ad72>144
-6
21.6 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)25.86 E F2<ad73>144
-633.6 Q F0(The maximum stack size)26.41 E F2<ad74>144 645.6 Q F0
-(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)26.97 E F2<ad75>144 657.6 Q
+24.74 F 3.29(wt)-.25 G .79(his v)-3.29 F .79(alue to)-.25 F(be set\))180
+633.6 Q F3<ad70>144 645.6 Q F0
+(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))24.74 E F3
+<ad71>144 657.6 Q F0
+(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)24.74 E F
3<ad72>144
+6
69.6 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)25.86 E F3<ad73>144
+681.6 Q F0(The maximum stack size)26.41 E F3<ad74>144 693.6 Q F0
+(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)26.97 E F3<ad75>144 705.6 Q
F0(The maximum number of processes a)24.74 E -.25(va)-.2 G
-(ilable to a single user).25 E F2<ad76>144 669.6 Q F0
+(ilable to a single user).25 E F3<ad76>144 717.6 Q F0
(The maximum amount of virtual memory a)25.3 E -.25(va)-.2 G
-(ilable to the shell).25 E F2<ad78>144 681.6 Q F0
-(The maximum number of \214le locks)25.3 E(If)144 698.4 Q F3(limit)2.933
-E F0 .343(is gi)3.523 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .343(n, it is the ne).15 F 2.843
-(wv)-.25 G .343(alue of the speci\214ed resource \(the)-3.093 F F2<ad61>
-2.843 E F0 .343(option is display only\).)2.843 F .343(If no)5.343 F
-.175(option is gi)144 710.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .175(n, then).15 F F2<ad66>
-2.675 E F0 .175(is assumed.)2.675 F -1.11(Va)5.175 G .175
-(lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .176(xcept for)-.15 F F2
-<ad74>2.676 E F0 2.676(,w)C .176(hich is in)-2.676 F(seconds,)144 722.4
-Q F2<ad70>2.698 E F0 2.698(,w)C .198
-(hich is in units of 512-byte blocks, and)-2.698 F F2<ad6e>2.698 E F0
-(and)2.698 E F2<ad75>2.697 E F0 2.697(,w)C .197(hich are unscaled v)
--2.697 F 2.697(alues. The)-.25 F(GNU Bash-3.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)
-148.735 E(18)198.725 E 0 Cg EP
+(ilable to the shell).25 E(GNU Bash-3.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E
+(18)198.725 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 19 19
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
%%EndPageSetup
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-(return status is 0 unless an in)144 84 R -.25(va)-.4 G .404
-(lid option or ar).25 F .404
+(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10
+/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad78>144 84 Q F0(The maximum number of \214le locks)
+25.3 E(If)144 100.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(limit)2.933 E F0 .343
+(is gi)3.523 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .343(n, it is the ne).15 F 2.843(wv)-.25 G
+.343(alue of the speci\214ed resource \(the)-3.093 F F1<ad61>2.843 E F0
+.343(option is display only\).)2.843 F .343(If no)5.343 F .176
+(option is gi)144 112.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .176(n, then).15 F F1<ad66>
+2.676 E F0 .175(is assumed.)2.676 F -1.11(Va)5.175 G .175
+(lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .175(xcept for)-.15 F F1
+<ad74>2.675 E F0 2.675(,w)C .175(hich is in)-2.675 F(seconds,)144 124.8
+Q F1<ad70>2.697 E F0 2.697(,w)C .197
+(hich is in units of 512-byte blocks, and)-2.697 F F1<ad6e>2.698 E F0
+(and)2.698 E F1<ad75>2.698 E F0 2.698(,w)C .198(hich are unscaled v)
+-2.698 F 2.698(alues. The)-.25 F .404(return status is 0 unless an in)
+144 136.8 R -.25(va)-.4 G .404(lid option or ar).25 F .404
(gument is supplied, or an error occurs while setting)-.18 F 2.5(an)144
-96 S .5 -.25(ew l)-2.5 H(imit.).25 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(umask)108
-112.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad53>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C/F2
-10/Times-Italic@0 SF(mode)-2.5 E F0(])A .2
-(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 124.8 R F2(mode)2.7 E F0
+148.8 S .5 -.25(ew l)-2.5 H(imit.).25 E F1(umask)108 165.6 Q F0([)2.5 E
+F1<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad53>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(mode)-2.5 E F0(])A
+.2(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 177.6 R F2(mode)2.7 E F0
5.2(.I).18 G(f)-5.2 E F2(mode)3.08 E F0(be)2.88 E .2
(gins with a digit, it is interpreted as an octal)-.15 F .066(number; o\
therwise it is interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that acce\
-pted by)144 136.8 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144
-148.8 Q F2(mode)3.263 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.063 F .382
+pted by)144 189.6 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144
+201.6 Q F2(mode)3.262 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.062 F .382
(alue of the mask is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.382 E F1<ad53>2.882 E F0 .382
(option causes the mask to be)2.882 F .547
-(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 160.8 R .547
+(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 213.6 R .547
(ault output is an octal number)-.1 F 5.547(.I)-.55 G 3.047(ft)-5.547 G
(he)-3.047 E F1<ad70>3.047 E F0 .547(option is supplied, and)3.047 F F2
-(mode)144.38 172.8 Q F0 .552
-(is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.)3.232
-F .551(The return status is 0 if the)5.551 F(mode w)144 184.8 Q
+(mode)144.38 225.6 Q F0 .551
+(is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.)3.231
+F .552(The return status is 0 if the)5.552 F(mode w)144 237.6 Q
(as successfully changed or if no)-.1 E F2(mode)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E
(gument w)-.18 E(as supplied, and f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F1
-(unalias)108 201.6 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0
-(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 213.6 Q 1.955 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(name)
+(unalias)108 254.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0
+(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 266.4 Q 1.955 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(name)
4.155 E F0 1.655(from the list of de\214ned aliases.)4.155 F(If)6.655 E
F1<ad61>4.155 E F0 1.655(is supplied, all alias de\214nitions are)4.155
-F(remo)144 225.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E
+F(remo)144 278.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E
(alue is true unless a supplied)-.25 E F2(name)2.86 E F0
-(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F1(unset)108 242.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1
-(fv)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 254.4 S 3.107
-(re).15 G(ach)-3.107 E F2(name)3.107 E F0 3.107(,r).18 G(emo)-3.107 E
-.907 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .607(he corresponding v).15 F .607
-(ariable or function.)-.25 F .606(If no options are supplied, or the)
-5.607 F F1<ad76>144 266.4 Q F0 .304(option is gi)2.804 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-.304(n, each).15 F F2(name)3.164 E F0 .305(refers to a shell v)2.985 F
-2.805(ariable. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)2.805 G .305
-(riables may not be unset.).25 F(If)5.305 E F1<ad66>144 278.4 Q F0 .46
-(is speci\214ed, each)2.96 F F2(name)3.32 E F0 .459
-(refers to a shell function, and the function de\214nition is remo)3.14
-F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.959(d. Each).15 F .902(unset v)144 290.4 R .902
+(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F1(unset)108 295.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1
+(fv)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 307.2 S 3.106
+(re).15 G(ach)-3.106 E F2(name)3.106 E F0 3.106(,r).18 G(emo)-3.106 E
+.906 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .606(he corresponding v).15 F .607
+(ariable or function.)-.25 F .607(If no options are supplied, or the)
+5.607 F F1<ad76>144 319.2 Q F0 .305(option is gi)2.805 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
+.305(n, each).15 F F2(name)3.165 E F0 .305(refers to a shell v)2.985 F
+2.805(ariable. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)2.805 G .304
+(riables may not be unset.).25 F(If)5.304 E F1<ad66>144 331.2 Q F0 .459
+(is speci\214ed, each)2.959 F F2(name)3.319 E F0 .459
+(refers to a shell function, and the function de\214nition is remo)3.139
+F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.96(d. Each).15 F .903(unset v)144 343.2 R .903
(ariable or function is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.402(df).15 G .902
-(rom the en)-3.402 F .903(vironment passed to subsequent commands.)-.4 F
-(If)5.903 E(an)144 302.4 Q 4.285(yo)-.15 G(f)-4.285 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0
-SF(RANDOM)4.285 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3(SECONDS)4.035 E F4(,)A F3
+(rom the en)-3.402 F .902(vironment passed to subsequent commands.)-.4 F
+(If)5.902 E(an)144 355.2 Q 4.284(yo)-.15 G(f)-4.284 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0
+SF(RANDOM)4.284 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3(SECONDS)4.035 E F4(,)A F3
(LINENO)4.035 E F4(,)A F3(HISTCMD)4.035 E F4(,)A F3(FUNCN)4.035 E(AME)
-.18 E F4(,)A F3(GR)4.035 E(OUPS)-.27 E F4(,)A F0(or)4.035 E F3(DIRST)
-4.284 E -.495(AC)-.81 G(K).495 E F0(are)4.034 E .328(unset, the)144
-314.4 R 2.828(yl)-.15 G .328(ose their special properties, e)-2.828 F
+4.285 E -.495(AC)-.81 G(K).495 E F0(are)4.035 E .329(unset, the)144
+367.2 R 2.829(yl)-.15 G .328(ose their special properties, e)-2.829 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.828(ni).15 G 2.828(ft)-2.828 G(he)-2.828 E 2.828(ya)
--.15 G .328(re subsequently reset.)-2.828 F .328(The e)5.328 F .329
-(xit status is true)-.15 F(unless a)144 326.4 Q F2(name)2.86 E F0
-(is readonly)2.68 E(.)-.65 E F1(wait)108 343.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 2.5(n.)C
-(..)-2.5 E F0(])A -.8(Wa)144 355.2 S .288
+-.15 G .328(re subsequently reset.)-2.828 F .328(The e)5.328 F .328
+(xit status is true)-.15 F(unless a)144 379.2 Q F2(name)2.86 E F0
+(is readonly)2.68 E(.)-.65 E F1(wait)108 396 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 2.5(n.)C
+(..)-2.5 E F0(])A -.8(Wa)144 408 S .288
(it for each speci\214ed process and return its termination status.).8 F
-(Each)5.288 E F2(n)3.148 E F0 .287(may be a process ID or a)3.028 F .722
-(job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 367.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
-.722(n, all processes in that job').15 F 3.222(sp)-.55 G .722
-(ipeline are w)-3.222 F .722(aited for)-.1 F 5.722(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.722 E
-F2(n)3.583 E F0(is)3.463 E 1.266(not gi)144 379.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.266
-(n, all currently acti).15 F 1.566 -.15(ve c)-.25 H 1.265
-(hild processes are w).15 F 1.265(aited for)-.1 F 3.765(,a)-.4 G 1.265
-(nd the return status is zero.)-3.765 F(If)6.265 E F2(n)4.125 E F0 .456
-(speci\214es a non-e)144 391.2 R .457
+(Each)5.288 E F2(n)3.148 E F0 .288(may be a process ID or a)3.028 F .722
+(job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 420 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .722
+(n, all processes in that job').15 F 3.222(sp)-.55 G .722(ipeline are w)
+-3.222 F .722(aited for)-.1 F 5.722(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.722 E F2(n)3.582 E F0
+(is)3.462 E 1.265(not gi)144 432 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.265
+(n, all currently acti).15 F 1.565 -.15(ve c)-.25 H 1.265
+(hild processes are w).15 F 1.265(aited for)-.1 F 3.765(,a)-.4 G 1.266
+(nd the return status is zero.)-3.765 F(If)6.266 E F2(n)4.126 E F0 .457
+(speci\214es a non-e)144 444 R .457
(xistent process or job, the return status is 127.)-.15 F .457
-(Otherwise, the return status is the)5.457 F -.15(ex)144 403.2 S
+(Otherwise, the return status is the)5.457 F -.15(ex)144 456 S
(it status of the last process or job w).15 E(aited for)-.1 E(.)-.55 E
-/F5 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SEE ALSO)72 420 Q F0(bash\(1\), sh\(1\))108
-432 Q(GNU Bash-3.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(19)198.725 E 0 Cg EP
+/F5 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SEE ALSO)72 472.8 Q F0(bash\(1\), sh\(1\))108
+484.8 Q(GNU Bash-3.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(19)198.725 E 0 Cg EP
%%Trailer
end
%%EOF
%!PS-Adobe-3.0
%%Creator: groff version 1.19.1
-%%CreationDate: Thu Jan 10 17:41:20 2008
+%%CreationDate: Tue Mar 4 08:37:56 2008
%%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Roman
%%+ font Times-Bold
%%DocumentSuppliedResources: procset grops 1.19 1
/* externs.h -- extern function declarations which do not appear in their
own header file. */
-/* Copyright (C) 1993-2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+/* Copyright (C) 1993-2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
/* Functions from the bash library, lib/sh/libsh.a. These should really
go into a separate include file. */
+/* declarations for functions defined in lib/sh/casemod.c */
+extern char *sh_modcase __P((const char *, char *, int));
+
+/* Defines for flags argument to sh_modcase. These need to agree with what's
+ in lib/sh/casemode.c */
+#define CASE_LOWER 0x01
+#define CASE_UPPER 0x02
+#define CASE_CAPITALIZE 0x04
+#define CASE_UNCAP 0x08
+#define CASE_TOGGLE 0x10
+#define CASE_TOGGLEALL 0x20
+
/* declarations for functions defined in lib/sh/clktck.c */
extern long get_clk_tck __P((void));
#define MP_DOTILDE 0x01
#define MP_DOCWD 0x02
#define MP_RMDOT 0x04
+#define MP_IGNDOT 0x08
extern char *sh_makepath __P((const char *, const char *, int));
/* declarations for functions defined in lib/sh/spell.c */
extern int spname __P((char *, char *));
+extern char *dirspell __P((char *));
/* declarations for functions defined in lib/sh/strcasecmp.c */
#if !defined (HAVE_STRCASECMP)
extern int sh_mktmpfd __P((char *, int, char **));
/* extern FILE *sh_mktmpfp __P((char *, int, char **)); */
+/* declarations for functions defined in lib/sh/uconvert.c */
+extern int uconvert __P((char *, long *, long *));
+
+/* declarations for functions defined in lib/sh/ufuncs.c */
+extern unsigned int falarm __P((unsigned int, unsigned int));
+extern unsigned int fsleep __P((unsigned int, unsigned int));
+
/* declarations for functions defined in lib/sh/winsize.c */
extern void get_new_window_size __P((int, int *, int *));
/* declarations for functions defined in lib/sh/zcatfd.c */
extern int zcatfd __P((int, int, char *));
+/* declarations for functions defined in lib/sh/zgetline.c */
+extern ssize_t zgetline __P((int, char **, size_t *, int));
+
/* declarations for functions defined in lib/sh/zmapfd.c */
extern int zmapfd __P((int, char **, char *));
/* externs.h -- extern function declarations which do not appear in their
own header file. */
-/* Copyright (C) 1993-2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+/* Copyright (C) 1993-2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
extern intmax_t evalexp __P((char *, int *));
/* Functions from print_cmd.c. */
+#define FUNC_MULTILINE 0x01
+#define FUNC_EXTERNAL 0x02
+
extern char *make_command_string __P((COMMAND *));
extern char *named_function_string __P((char *, COMMAND *, int));
/* Functions from the bash library, lib/sh/libsh.a. These should really
go into a separate include file. */
+/* declarations for functions defined in lib/sh/casemod.c */
+extern char *sh_modcase __P((const char *, char *, int));
+
+/* Defines for flags argument to sh_modcase. These need to agree with what's
+ in lib/sh/casemode.c */
+#define CASE_LOWER 0x01
+#define CASE_UPPER 0x02
+#define CASE_CAPITALIZE 0x04
+#define CASE_UNCAP 0x08
+#define CASE_TOGGLE 0x10
+#define CASE_TOGGLEALL 0x20
+
/* declarations for functions defined in lib/sh/clktck.c */
extern long get_clk_tck __P((void));
/* Declarations for functions defined in lib/sh/fmtumax.c */
extern char *fmtumax __P((uintmax_t, int, char *, size_t, int));
+/* Declarations for functions defined in lib/sh/fpurge.c */
+#if defined (NEED_FPURGE_DECL)
+
+#if HAVE_FPURGE
+# define fpurge _bash_fpurge
+#endif
+extern int fpurge __P((FILE *stream));
+
+#endif /* NEED_FPURGE_DECL */
+
+
/* Declarations for functions defined in lib/sh/getcwd.c */
#if !defined (HAVE_GETCWD)
extern char *getcwd __P((char *, size_t));
#define MP_DOTILDE 0x01
#define MP_DOCWD 0x02
#define MP_RMDOT 0x04
+#define MP_IGNDOT 0x08
extern char *sh_makepath __P((const char *, const char *, int));
extern int sh_mktmpfd __P((char *, int, char **));
/* extern FILE *sh_mktmpfp __P((char *, int, char **)); */
+/* declarations for functions defined in lib/sh/uconvert.c */
+extern int uconvert __P((char *, long *, long *));
+
+/* declarations for functions defined in lib/sh/ufuncs.c */
+extern unsigned int falarm __P((unsigned int, unsigned int));
+extern unsigned int fsleep __P((unsigned int, unsigned int));
+
/* declarations for functions defined in lib/sh/winsize.c */
extern void get_new_window_size __P((int, int *, int *));
/* declarations for functions defined in lib/sh/zcatfd.c */
extern int zcatfd __P((int, int, char *));
+/* declarations for functions defined in lib/sh/zgetline.c */
+extern ssize_t zgetline __P((int, char **, size_t *, int));
+
/* declarations for functions defined in lib/sh/zmapfd.c */
extern int zmapfd __P((int, char **, char *));
#include <shmbutil.h>
#if HANDLE_MULTIBYTE
+
+#ifndef FREE
+# define FREE(x) do { if (x) free (x); } while (0)
+#endif
/* On some locales (ex. ja_JP.sjis), mbsrtowc doesn't convert 0x5c to U<0x5c>.
So, this function is made for converting 0x5c to U<0x5c>. */
return (size_t)-1;
}
- indices = (char **) malloc (wsbuf_size * sizeof(char *));
- if (indices == NULL)
+ indices = NULL;
+ if (indicesp)
{
- free (wsbuf);
- *destp = NULL;
- return (size_t)-1;
+ indices = (char **) malloc (wsbuf_size * sizeof(char *));
+ if (indices == NULL)
+ {
+ free (wsbuf);
+ *destp = NULL;
+ return (size_t)-1;
+ }
}
p = src;
if (MB_INVALIDCH (mblength))
{
free (wsbuf);
- free (indices);
+ FREE (indices);
*destp = NULL;
return (size_t)-1;
}
if (wstmp == NULL)
{
free (wsbuf);
- free (indices);
+ FREE (indices);
*destp = NULL;
return (size_t)-1;
}
wsbuf = wstmp;
- idxtmp = (char **) realloc (indices, wsbuf_size * sizeof (char **));
- if (idxtmp == NULL)
+ if (indicesp)
{
- free (wsbuf);
- free (indices);
- *destp = NULL;
- return (size_t)-1;
+ idxtmp = (char **) realloc (indices, wsbuf_size * sizeof (char **));
+ if (idxtmp == NULL)
+ {
+ free (wsbuf);
+ free (indices);
+ *destp = NULL;
+ return (size_t)-1;
+ }
+ indices = idxtmp;
}
- indices = idxtmp;
}
wsbuf[wcnum - 1] = wc;
- indices[wcnum - 1] = (char *)p;
+ if (indices)
+ indices[wcnum - 1] = (char *)p;
p += mblength;
}
while (MB_NULLWCH (wc) == 0);
*destp = wsbuf;
if (indicesp != NULL)
*indicesp = indices;
- else
- free (indices);
return (wcnum - 1);
}
--- /dev/null
+/* xmbsrtowcs.c -- replacement function for mbsrtowcs */
+
+/* Copyright (C) 2002-2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+ This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+
+ Bash is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+ the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
+ Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any later
+ version.
+
+ Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
+ WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
+ for more details.
+
+ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
+ with Bash; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free Software
+ Foundation, 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111 USA. */
+#include <config.h>
+
+#include <bashansi.h>
+
+/* <wchar.h>, <wctype.h> and <stdlib.h> are included in "shmbutil.h".
+ If <wchar.h>, <wctype.h>, mbsrtowcs(), exist, HANDLE_MULTIBYTE
+ is defined as 1. */
+#include <shmbutil.h>
+
+#if HANDLE_MULTIBYTE
+
+#ifndef FREE
+# define FREE(x) if (x) free (x)
+#endif
+/* On some locales (ex. ja_JP.sjis), mbsrtowc doesn't convert 0x5c to U<0x5c>.
+ So, this function is made for converting 0x5c to U<0x5c>. */
+
+static mbstate_t local_state;
+static int local_state_use = 0;
+
+size_t
+xmbsrtowcs (dest, src, len, pstate)
+ wchar_t *dest;
+ const char **src;
+ size_t len;
+ mbstate_t *pstate;
+{
+ mbstate_t *ps;
+ size_t mblength, wclength, n;
+
+ ps = pstate;
+ if (pstate == NULL)
+ {
+ if (!local_state_use)
+ {
+ memset (&local_state, '\0', sizeof(mbstate_t));
+ local_state_use = 1;
+ }
+ ps = &local_state;
+ }
+
+ n = strlen (*src);
+
+ if (dest == NULL)
+ {
+ wchar_t *wsbuf;
+ const char *mbs;
+ mbstate_t psbuf;
+
+ /* It doesn't matter if malloc fails here, since mbsrtowcs should do
+ the right thing with a NULL first argument. */
+ wsbuf = (wchar_t *) malloc ((n + 1) * sizeof(wchar_t));
+ mbs = *src;
+ psbuf = *ps;
+
+ wclength = mbsrtowcs (wsbuf, &mbs, n, &psbuf);
+
+ if (wsbuf)
+ free (wsbuf);
+ return wclength;
+ }
+
+ for (wclength = 0; wclength < len; wclength++, dest++)
+ {
+ if (mbsinit(ps))
+ {
+ if (**src == '\0')
+ {
+ *dest = L'\0';
+ *src = NULL;
+ return (wclength);
+ }
+ else if (**src == '\\')
+ {
+ *dest = L'\\';
+ mblength = 1;
+ }
+ else
+ mblength = mbrtowc(dest, *src, n, ps);
+ }
+ else
+ mblength = mbrtowc(dest, *src, n, ps);
+
+ /* Cannot convert multibyte character to wide character. */
+ if (mblength == (size_t)-1 || mblength == (size_t)-2)
+ return (size_t)-1;
+
+ *src += mblength;
+ n -= mblength;
+
+ /* The multibyte string has been completely converted,
+ including the terminating '\0'. */
+ if (*dest == L'\0')
+ {
+ *src = NULL;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return (wclength);
+}
+
+/* Convert a multibyte string to a wide character string. Memory for the
+ new wide character string is obtained with malloc.
+
+ The return value is the length of the wide character string. Returns a
+ pointer to the wide character string in DESTP. If INDICESP is not NULL,
+ INDICESP stores the pointer to the pointer array. Each pointer is to
+ the first byte of each multibyte character. Memory for the pointer array
+ is obtained with malloc, too.
+ If conversion is failed, the return value is (size_t)-1 and the values
+ of DESTP and INDICESP are NULL. */
+
+#define WSBUF_INC 32
+
+size_t
+xdupmbstowcs (destp, indicesp, src)
+ wchar_t **destp; /* Store the pointer to the wide character string */
+ char ***indicesp; /* Store the pointer to the pointer array. */
+ const char *src; /* Multibyte character string */
+{
+ const char *p; /* Conversion start position of src */
+ wchar_t wc; /* Created wide character by conversion */
+ wchar_t *wsbuf; /* Buffer for wide characters. */
+ char **indices; /* Buffer for indices. */
+ size_t wsbuf_size; /* Size of WSBUF */
+ size_t wcnum; /* Number of wide characters in WSBUF */
+ mbstate_t state; /* Conversion State */
+
+ /* In case SRC or DESP is NULL, conversion doesn't take place. */
+ if (src == NULL || destp == NULL)
+ {
+ if (destp)
+ *destp = NULL;
+ return (size_t)-1;
+ }
+
+ memset (&state, '\0', sizeof(mbstate_t));
+ wsbuf_size = WSBUF_INC;
+
+ wsbuf = (wchar_t *) malloc (wsbuf_size * sizeof(wchar_t));
+ if (wsbuf == NULL)
+ {
+ *destp = NULL;
+ return (size_t)-1;
+ }
+
+ indices = NULL;
+ if (indicesp)
+ {
+ indices = (char **) malloc (wsbuf_size * sizeof(char *));
+ if (indices == NULL)
+ {
+ free (wsbuf);
+ *destp = NULL;
+ return (size_t)-1;
+ }
+ }
+
+ p = src;
+ wcnum = 0;
+ do
+ {
+ size_t mblength; /* Byte length of one multibyte character. */
+
+ if (mbsinit (&state))
+ {
+ if (*p == '\0')
+ {
+ wc = L'\0';
+ mblength = 1;
+ }
+ else if (*p == '\\')
+ {
+ wc = L'\\';
+ mblength = 1;
+ }
+ else
+ mblength = mbrtowc(&wc, p, MB_LEN_MAX, &state);
+ }
+ else
+ mblength = mbrtowc(&wc, p, MB_LEN_MAX, &state);
+
+ /* Conversion failed. */
+ if (MB_INVALIDCH (mblength))
+ {
+ free (wsbuf);
+ FREE (indices);
+ *destp = NULL;
+ return (size_t)-1;
+ }
+
+ ++wcnum;
+
+ /* Resize buffers when they are not large enough. */
+ if (wsbuf_size < wcnum)
+ {
+ wchar_t *wstmp;
+ char **idxtmp;
+
+ wsbuf_size += WSBUF_INC;
+
+ wstmp = (wchar_t *) realloc (wsbuf, wsbuf_size * sizeof (wchar_t));
+ if (wstmp == NULL)
+ {
+ free (wsbuf);
+ FREE (indices);
+ *destp = NULL;
+ return (size_t)-1;
+ }
+ wsbuf = wstmp;
+
+ if (indicesp)
+ {
+ idxtmp = (char **) realloc (indices, wsbuf_size * sizeof (char **));
+ if (idxtmp == NULL)
+ {
+ free (wsbuf);
+ free (indices);
+ *destp = NULL;
+ return (size_t)-1;
+ }
+ indices = idxtmp;
+ }
+ }
+
+ wsbuf[wcnum - 1] = wc;
+ if (indices)
+ indices[wcnum - 1] = (char *)p;
+ p += mblength;
+ }
+ while (MB_NULLWCH (wc) == 0);
+
+ /* Return the length of the wide character string, not including `\0'. */
+ *destp = wsbuf;
+ if (indicesp != NULL)
+ *indicesp = indices;
+
+ return (wcnum - 1);
+}
+
+#endif /* HANDLE_MULTIBYTE */
fmtulong.c fmtullong.c fmtumax.c shmatch.c strnlen.c \
strtoll.c strtoull.c strtoimax.c strtoumax.c memset.c strstr.c \
mktime.c strftime.c xstrchr.c zcatfd.c zmapfd.c winsize.c eaccess.c \
- wcsdup.c fpurge.c zgetline.c mbscmp.c
+ wcsdup.c fpurge.c zgetline.c mbscmp.c uconvert.c ufuncs.c \
+ casemod.c
# The header files for this library.
HSOURCES =
pathphys.o tmpfile.o stringlist.o stringvec.o spell.o shquote.o \
strtrans.o strindex.o snprintf.o mailstat.o fmtulong.o \
fmtullong.o fmtumax.o xstrchr.o zcatfd.o zmapfd.o winsize.o wcsdup.o \
- fpurge.o zgetline.o mbscmp.o ${LIBOBJS}
+ fpurge.o zgetline.o mbscmp.o uconvert.o ufuncs.o casemod.o ${LIBOBJS}
SUPPORT = Makefile
-( cd ${BUILD_DIR} && ${MAKE} ${MFLAGS} version.h )
# rules for losing makes, like SunOS
+casemod.o: casemod.c
clktck.o: clktck.c
clock.o: clock.c
eaccess.o: eaccess.c
times.o: times.c
timeval.o: timeval.c
tmpfile.o: tmpfile.c
+uconvert.o: uconvert.c
+ufuncs.o: ufuncs.c
vprint.o: vprint.c
wcsdup.o: wcsdup.c
xstrchr.o: xstrchr.c
strtoull.o: strtol.c
# all files in the library depend on config.h
+casemod.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h
clktck.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h
clock.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h
eaccess.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h
times.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h
timeval.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h
tmpfile.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h
+uconvert.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h
+ufuncs.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h
vprint.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h
wcsdup.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h
xstrchr.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h
tmpfile.o: ${BASHINCDIR}/posixstat.h
tmpfile.o: ${BASHINCDIR}/filecntl.h
+uconvert.o: ${topdir}/bashtypes.h
+
+ufuncs.o: ${topdir}/bashtypes.h
+
clock.o: ${BASHINCDIR}/posixtime.h
mailstat.o: ${topdir}/bashansi.h
mbscmp.o: ${topdir}/bashansi.h ${BASHINCDIR}/ansi_stdlib.h
mbscmp.o: ${BASHINCDIR}/stdc.h
mbscmp.o: ${topdir}/xmalloc.h
+
+casemod.o: ${topdir}/bashansi.h ${BASHINCDIR}/ansi_stdlib.h
+casemod.o: ${BASHINCDIR}/stdc.h
+casemod.o: ${topdir}/xmalloc.h
+casemod.o: ${topdir}/bashtypes.h
+casemod.o: ${BASHINCDIR}/shmbutil.h
+casemod.o: ${topdir}/bashintl.h ${LIBINTL_H} ${BASHINCDIR}/gettext.h
fmtulong.c fmtullong.c fmtumax.c shmatch.c strnlen.c \
strtoll.c strtoull.c strtoimax.c strtoumax.c memset.c strstr.c \
mktime.c strftime.c xstrchr.c zcatfd.c zmapfd.c winsize.c eaccess.c \
- wcsdup.c fpurge.c zgetline.c mbscmp.c
+ wcsdup.c fpurge.c zgetline.c mbscmp.c uconvert.c ufuncs.c \
+ casemod.c
# The header files for this library.
HSOURCES =
pathphys.o tmpfile.o stringlist.o stringvec.o spell.o shquote.o \
strtrans.o strindex.o snprintf.o mailstat.o fmtulong.o \
fmtullong.o fmtumax.o xstrchr.o zcatfd.o zmapfd.o winsize.o wcsdup.o \
- fpurge.o zgetline.o mbscmp.o ${LIBOBJS}
+ fpurge.o zgetline.o mbscmp.o uconvert.o ufuncs.o casemod.o ${LIBOBJS}
SUPPORT = Makefile
-( cd ${BUILD_DIR} && ${MAKE} ${MFLAGS} version.h )
# rules for losing makes, like SunOS
+casemod.o: casemod.c
clktck.o: clktck.c
clock.o: clock.c
eaccess.o: eaccess.c
itos.o: itos.c
mailstat.o: mailstat.c
makepath.o: makepath.c
+mbscmp.o: mbscmp.c
memset.o: memset.c
mktime.o: mktime.c
netconn.o: netconn.c
times.o: times.c
timeval.o: timeval.c
tmpfile.o: tmpfile.c
+uconvert.o: uconvert.c
+ufuncs.o: ufuncs.c
vprint.o: vprint.c
wcsdup.o: wcsdup.c
xstrchr.o: xstrchr.c
strtoull.o: strtol.c
# all files in the library depend on config.h
-clktck.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h
+casemod.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h
clock.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h
eaccess.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h
fmtullong.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h
itos.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h
mailstat.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h
makepath.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h
+mbscmp.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h
memset.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h
mktime.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h
netconn.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h
times.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h
timeval.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h
tmpfile.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h
+uconvert.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h
+ufuncs.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h
vprint.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h
wcsdup.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h
xstrchr.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h
tmpfile.o: ${BASHINCDIR}/posixstat.h
tmpfile.o: ${BASHINCDIR}/filecntl.h
+uconvert.o: ${topdir}/bashtypes.h
+
+ufuncs.o: ${topdir}/bashtypes.h
+
clock.o: ${BASHINCDIR}/posixtime.h
mailstat.o: ${topdir}/bashansi.h
zgetline.o: ${BASHINCDIR}/stdc.h
zgetline.o: ${topdir}/xmalloc.h
zgetline.o: ${topdir}/bashtypes.h
+
+mbscmp.o: ${topdir}/bashansi.h ${BASHINCDIR}/ansi_stdlib.h
+mbscmp.o: ${BASHINCDIR}/stdc.h
+mbscmp.o: ${topdir}/xmalloc.h
+
+casemod.o: ${topdir}/bashansi.h ${BASHINCDIR}/ansi_stdlib.h
+casemod.o: ${BASHINCDIR}/stdc.h
+casemod.o: ${topdir}/xmalloc.h
+casemod.o: ${topdir}/bashtypes.h
+casemod.o: ${BASHINCDIR}/shmbutil.h
+casemod.o: ${topdir}/bashintl.h ${LIBINTL_H} ${BASHINCDIR}/gettext.h
--- /dev/null
+/* casemod.c -- functions to change case of strings */
+
+/* Copyright (C) 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+ This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+
+ Bash is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+ the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
+ Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any later
+ version.
+
+ Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
+ WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
+ for more details.
+
+ The GNU General Public License is often shipped with GNU software, and
+ is generally kept in a file called COPYING or LICENSE. If you do not
+ have a copy of the license, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111 USA. */
+
+#if defined (HAVE_CONFIG_H)
+# include <config.h>
+#endif
+
+#if defined (HAVE_UNISTD_H)
+# include <unistd.h>
+#endif /* HAVE_UNISTD_H */
+
+#include <stdc.h>
+
+#include <bashansi.h>
+#include <bashintl.h>
+#include <bashtypes.h>
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <xmalloc.h>
+
+#include <shmbutil.h>
+#include <chartypes.h>
+
+#include <glob/strmatch.h>
+
+#define _to_wupper(wc) (iswlower (wc) ? towupper (wc) : (wc))
+#define _to_wlower(wc) (iswupper (wc) ? towlower (wc) : (wc))
+
+#if !defined (HANDLE_MULTIBYTE)
+# define cval(s, i) ((s)[(i)])
+# define iswalnum(c) (isalnum(c))
+# define TOGGLE(x) (ISUPPER (x) ? tolower (x) : (TOUPPER (x)))
+#else
+# define TOGGLE(x) (iswupper (x) ? towlower (x) : (_to_wupper(x)))
+#endif
+
+/* These must agree with the defines in externs.h */
+#define CASE_NOOP 0x0
+#define CASE_LOWER 0x01
+#define CASE_UPPER 0x02
+#define CASE_CAPITALIZE 0x04
+#define CASE_UNCAP 0x08
+#define CASE_TOGGLE 0x10
+#define CASE_TOGGLEALL 0x20
+
+extern char *substring __P((char *, int, int));
+
+#if defined (HANDLE_MULTIBYTE)
+static wchar_t
+cval (s, i)
+ char *s;
+ int i;
+{
+ size_t tmp;
+ wchar_t wc;
+ int l;
+ mbstate_t mps;
+
+ if (MB_CUR_MAX == 1)
+ return ((wchar_t)s[i]);
+ l = strlen (s);
+ if (i >= (l - 1))
+ return ((wchar_t)s[i]);
+ memset (&mps, 0, sizeof (mbstate_t));
+ tmp = mbrtowc (&wc, s + i, l - i, &mps);
+ if (MB_INVALIDCH (tmp) || MB_NULLWCH (tmp))
+ return ((wchar_t)s[i]);
+ return wc;
+}
+#endif
+
+/* Modify the case of characters in STRING matching PAT based on the value of
+ FLAGS. If PAT is null, modify the case of each character */
+char *
+sh_modcase (string, pat, flags)
+ const char *string;
+ char *pat;
+ int flags;
+{
+ int start, next, end;
+ int inword, c, nc, nop, match;
+ char *ret, *s;
+ wchar_t wc;
+#if defined (HANDLE_MULTIBYTE)
+ wchar_t nwc;
+ char mb[MB_LEN_MAX+1];
+ int mlen;
+ mbstate_t state;
+#endif
+
+#if defined (HANDLE_MULTIBYTE)
+ memset (&state, 0, sizeof (mbstate_t));
+#endif
+
+ start = 0;
+ end = strlen (string);
+
+ ret = (char *)xmalloc (end + 1);
+ strcpy (ret, string);
+
+ inword = 0;
+ while (start < end)
+ {
+ wc = cval (ret, start);
+
+ if (iswalnum (wc) == 0)
+ {
+ inword = 0;
+ ADVANCE_CHAR (ret, end, start);
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ if (pat)
+ {
+ next = start;
+ ADVANCE_CHAR (ret, end, next);
+ s = substring (ret, start, next);
+ match = strmatch (pat, s, FNM_EXTMATCH) != FNM_NOMATCH;
+ free (s);
+ if (match == 0)
+ {
+ start = next;
+ inword = 1;
+ continue;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (flags == CASE_CAPITALIZE)
+ {
+ nop = inword ? CASE_LOWER : CASE_UPPER;
+ inword = 1;
+ }
+ else if (flags == CASE_UNCAP)
+ {
+ nop = inword ? CASE_UPPER : CASE_LOWER;
+ inword = 1;
+ }
+ else if (flags == CASE_TOGGLE)
+ {
+ nop = inword ? CASE_NOOP : CASE_TOGGLE;
+ inword = 1;
+ }
+ else
+ nop = flags;
+
+ if (MB_CUR_MAX == 1 || isascii (wc))
+ {
+ switch (nop)
+ {
+ case CASE_NOOP: nc = wc; break;
+ case CASE_UPPER: nc = TOUPPER (wc); break;
+ case CASE_LOWER: nc = TOLOWER (wc); break;
+ case CASE_TOGGLEALL:
+ case CASE_TOGGLE: nc = TOGGLE (wc); break;
+ }
+ ret[start] = nc;
+ }
+#if defined (HANDLE_MULTIBYTE)
+ else
+ {
+ mbrtowc (&wc, string + start, end - start, &state);
+ switch (nop)
+ {
+ case CASE_NOOP: nwc = wc; break;
+ case CASE_UPPER: nwc = TOUPPER (wc); break;
+ case CASE_LOWER: nwc = TOLOWER (wc); break;
+ case CASE_TOGGLEALL:
+ case CASE_TOGGLE: nwc = TOGGLE (wc); break;
+ }
+ if (nwc != wc) /* just skip unchanged characters */
+ {
+ mlen = wcrtomb (mb, nwc, &state);
+ if (mlen > 0)
+ mb[mlen] = '\0';
+ /* Assume the same width */
+ strncpy (ret + start, mb, mlen);
+ }
+ }
+#endif
+
+ /* This assumes that the upper and lower case versions are the same width. */
+ ADVANCE_CHAR (ret, end, start);
+ }
+
+ return ret;
+}
# define MP_DOTILDE 0x01
# define MP_DOCWD 0x02
# define MP_RMDOT 0x04
+# define MP_IGNDOT 0x08
#endif
extern char *get_working_directory __P((char *));
+static char *nullpath = "";
+
/* Take PATH, an element from, e.g., $CDPATH, and DIR, a directory name,
and paste them together into PATH/DIR. Tilde expansion is performed on
PATH if (flags & MP_DOTILDE) is non-zero. If PATH is NULL or the empty
string, it is converted to the current directory. A full pathname is
used if (flags & MP_DOCWD) is non-zero, otherwise `./' is used. If
(flags & MP_RMDOT) is non-zero, any `./' is removed from the beginning
- of DIR. */
+ of DIR. If (flags & MP_IGNDOT) is non-zero, a PATH that is "." or "./"
+ is ignored. */
#define MAKEDOT() \
do { \
else
MAKEDOT();
}
+ else if ((flags & MP_IGNDOT) && path[0] == '.' && (path[1] == '\0' ||
+ path[1] == '/' && path[2] == '\0'))
+ {
+ xpath = nullpath;
+ pathlen = 0;
+ }
else
{
xpath = ((flags & MP_DOTILDE) && *path == '~') ? bash_tilde_expand (path, 0) : (char *)path;
s = xpath;
while (*s)
*r++ = *s++;
- if (s[-1] != '/')
+ if (s > xpath && s[-1] != '/')
*r++ = '/';
s = xdir;
while (*r++ = *s++)
;
- if (xpath != path)
+ if (xpath != path && xpath != nullpath)
free (xpath);
return (ret);
}
--- /dev/null
+/* makepath.c - glue PATH and DIR together into a full pathname. */
+
+/* Copyright (C) 1987, 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+ This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+
+ Bash is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+ the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
+ Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any later
+ version.
+
+ Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
+ WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
+ for more details.
+
+ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
+ with Bash; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free Software
+ Foundation, 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111 USA. */
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+#if defined (HAVE_UNISTD_H)
+# ifdef _MINIX
+# include <sys/types.h>
+# endif
+# include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+
+#include <bashansi.h>
+#include "shell.h"
+
+#include <tilde/tilde.h>
+
+#ifndef NULL
+# define NULL 0
+#endif
+
+/* MAKE SURE THESE AGREE WITH ../../externs.h. */
+
+#ifndef MP_DOTILDE
+# define MP_DOTILDE 0x01
+# define MP_DOCWD 0x02
+# define MP_RMDOT 0x04
+#endif
+
+extern char *get_working_directory __P((char *));
+
+/* Take PATH, an element from, e.g., $CDPATH, and DIR, a directory name,
+ and paste them together into PATH/DIR. Tilde expansion is performed on
+ PATH if (flags & MP_DOTILDE) is non-zero. If PATH is NULL or the empty
+ string, it is converted to the current directory. A full pathname is
+ used if (flags & MP_DOCWD) is non-zero, otherwise `./' is used. If
+ (flags & MP_RMDOT) is non-zero, any `./' is removed from the beginning
+ of DIR. */
+
+#define MAKEDOT() \
+ do { \
+ xpath = (char *)xmalloc (2); \
+ xpath[0] = '.'; \
+ xpath[1] = '\0'; \
+ pathlen = 1; \
+ } while (0)
+
+char *
+sh_makepath (path, dir, flags)
+ const char *path, *dir;
+ int flags;
+{
+ int dirlen, pathlen;
+ char *ret, *xpath, *xdir, *r, *s;
+
+ if (path == 0 || *path == '\0')
+ {
+ if (flags & MP_DOCWD)
+ {
+ xpath = get_working_directory ("sh_makepath");
+ if (xpath == 0)
+ {
+ ret = get_string_value ("PWD");
+ if (ret)
+ xpath = savestring (ret);
+ }
+ if (xpath == 0)
+ MAKEDOT();
+ else
+ pathlen = strlen (xpath);
+ }
+ else
+ MAKEDOT();
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ xpath = ((flags & MP_DOTILDE) && *path == '~') ? bash_tilde_expand (path, 0) : (char *)path;
+ pathlen = strlen (xpath);
+ }
+
+ xdir = (char *)dir;
+ dirlen = strlen (xdir);
+ if ((flags & MP_RMDOT) && dir[0] == '.' && dir[1] == '/')
+ {
+ xdir += 2;
+ dirlen -= 2;
+ }
+
+ r = ret = (char *)xmalloc (2 + dirlen + pathlen);
+ s = xpath;
+ while (*s)
+ *r++ = *s++;
+ if (s[-1] != '/')
+ *r++ = '/';
+ s = xdir;
+ while (*r++ = *s++)
+ ;
+ if (xpath != path)
+ free (xpath);
+ return (ret);
+}
return 3;
}
+
+char *
+dirspell (dirname)
+ char *dirname;
+{
+ int n;
+ char *guess;
+
+ n = (strlen (dirname) * 3 + 1) / 2 + 1;
+ guess = (char *)malloc (n);
+ if (guess == 0)
+ return 0;
+
+ switch (spname (dirname, guess))
+ {
+ case -1:
+ default:
+ free (guess);
+ return (char *)NULL;
+ case 0:
+ case 1:
+ return guess;
+ }
+}
--- /dev/null
+/* Copyright (C) 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+
+Bash is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
+Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any later
+version.
+
+Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
+WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
+for more details.
+
+You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
+with Bash; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free Software
+Foundation, 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111 USA. */
+
+#include "config.h"
+
+#include "bashtypes.h"
+
+#if defined (TIME_WITH_SYS_TIME)
+# include <sys/time.h>
+# include <time.h>
+#else
+# if defined (HAVE_SYS_TIME_H)
+# include <sys/time.h>
+# else
+# include <time.h>
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#if defined (HAVE_UNISTD_H)
+#include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include "chartypes.h"
+
+#include "shell.h"
+#include "builtins.h"
+
+#define DECIMAL '.' /* XXX - should use locale */
+
+#define RETURN(x) \
+do { \
+ if (ip) *ip = ipart * mult; \
+ if (up) *up = upart; \
+ return (x); \
+} while (0)
+
+/*
+ * An incredibly simplistic floating point converter.
+ */
+static int multiplier[7] = { 1, 100000, 10000, 1000, 100, 10, 1 };
+
+/* Take a decimal number int-part[.[micro-part]] and convert it to the whole
+ and fractional portions. The fractional portion is returned in
+ millionths (micro); callers are responsible for multiplying appropriately.
+ Return 1 if value converted; 0 if invalid integer for either whole or
+ fractional parts. */
+int
+uconvert(s, ip, up)
+ char *s;
+ long *ip, *up;
+{
+ int n, mult;
+ long ipart, upart;
+ char *p;
+
+ ipart = upart = 0;
+ mult = 1;
+
+ if (s && (*s == '-' || *s == '+'))
+ {
+ mult = (*s == '-') ? -1 : 1;
+ p = s + 1;
+ }
+ else
+ p = s;
+
+ for ( ; p && *p; p++)
+ {
+ if (*p == DECIMAL) /* decimal point */
+ break;
+ if (DIGIT(*p) == 0)
+ RETURN(0);
+ ipart = (ipart * 10) + (*p - '0');
+ }
+
+ if (*p == 0)
+ RETURN(1);
+
+ if (*p == DECIMAL)
+ p++;
+
+ /* Look for up to six digits past a decimal point. */
+ for (n = 0; n < 6 && p[n]; n++)
+ {
+ if (DIGIT(p[n]) == 0)
+ RETURN(0);
+ upart = (upart * 10) + (p[n] - '0');
+ }
+
+ /* Now convert to millionths */
+ upart *= multiplier[n];
+
+ if (n == 6 && p[6] >= '5' && p[6] <= '9')
+ upart++; /* round up 1 */
+
+ RETURN(1);
+}
--- /dev/null
+/* Copyright (C) 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+
+Bash is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
+Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any later
+version.
+
+Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
+WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
+for more details.
+
+You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
+with Bash; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free Software
+Foundation, 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111 USA. */
+
+#include "config.h"
+
+#include "bashtypes.h"
+
+#if defined (TIME_WITH_SYS_TIME)
+# include <sys/time.h>
+# include <time.h>
+#else
+# if defined (HAVE_SYS_TIME_H)
+# include <sys/time.h>
+# else
+# include <time.h>
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#if defined (HAVE_UNISTD_H)
+#include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+
+/* A version of `alarm' using setitimer if it's available. */
+
+#if defined (HAVE_SETITIMER)
+unsigned int
+falarm(secs, usecs)
+ unsigned int secs, usecs;
+{
+ struct itimerval it, oit;
+
+ it.it_interval.tv_sec = 0;
+ it.it_interval.tv_usec = 0;
+
+ it.it_value.tv_sec = secs;
+ it.it_value.tv_usec = usecs;
+
+ if (setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &it, &oit) < 0)
+ return (-1);
+
+ /* Backwards compatibility with alarm(3) */
+ if (oit.it_value.tv_usec)
+ oit.it_value.tv_sec++;
+ return (oit.it_value.tv_sec);
+}
+#else
+int
+falarm (secs, usecs)
+ unsigned int secs, usecs;
+{
+ if (secs == 0 && usecs == 0)
+ return (alarm (0));
+
+ if (secs == 0 || usecs >= 500000)
+ {
+ secs++;
+ usecs = 0;
+ }
+ return (alarm (secs));
+}
+#endif /* !HAVE_SETITIMER */
+
+/* A version of sleep using fractional seconds and select. I'd like to use
+ `usleep', but it's already taken */
+
+#if defined (HAVE_TIMEVAL) && defined (HAVE_SELECT)
+int
+fsleep(sec, usec)
+ unsigned int sec, usec;
+{
+ struct timeval tv;
+
+ tv.tv_sec = sec;
+ tv.tv_usec = usec;
+
+ return select(0, (fd_set *)0, (fd_set *)0, (fd_set *)0, &tv);
+}
+#else /* !HAVE_TIMEVAL || !HAVE_SELECT */
+int
+fsleep(sec, usec)
+ long sec, usec;
+{
+ if (usec >= 500000) /* round */
+ sec++;
+ return (sleep(sec));
+}
+#endif /* !HAVE_TIMEVAL || !HAVE_SELECT */
# Translation of the bash package to Slovak
# Copyright (C) 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
# This file is distributed under the same license as the bash package.
-# Ivan Masár <helix84@centrum.sk>, 2007.
+# Ivan Masár <helix84@centrum.sk>, 2007, 2008.
#
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: bash 3.2\n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2006-10-23 17:20-0400\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2007-09-01 19:53+0100\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2008-02-24 15:18+0100\n"
"Last-Translator: Ivan Masár <helix84@centrum.sk>\n"
"Language-Team: Slovak <sk-i18n@lists.linux.sk>\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
#: builtins/bind.def:283
#, c-format
msgid "`%s': unknown function name"
-msgstr "„%s“: neznáme meno funkcie"
+msgstr "„%s“: neznámy názov funkcie"
#: builtins/bind.def:291
#, c-format
#: builtins/complete.def:251
#, c-format
msgid "%s: invalid action name"
-msgstr "%s: neplatné meno akcie"
+msgstr "%s: neplatný názov akcie"
#: builtins/complete.def:381 builtins/complete.def:524
#, c-format
#: builtins/shopt.def:292
#, c-format
msgid "%s: invalid shell option name"
-msgstr "%s: neplatné meno voľby shellu"
+msgstr "%s: neplatný názov voľby shellu"
#: builtins/source.def:115
msgid "filename argument required"
" Inak je alias definovaný pre každý NÁZOV, ktorého HODNOTA je zadaná.\n"
" Medzera na konci HODNOTY spôsobí, že sa v ďalšom slove\n"
" skontroluje substitúcia aliasu pri expanzii aliasu. Alias vracia\n"
-" true ak nie je zadaný NÁZOVm pre ktorý nebol definovaný žiadny alias."
+" true ak nie je zadaný NÁZOV, pre ktorý nebol definovaný žiadny alias."
#: builtins.c:257
msgid ""
"Remove NAMEs from the list of defined aliases. If the -a option is given,\n"
" then remove all alias definitions."
msgstr ""
-"Odstrániť NÁZVY zo zoznamu definovaných aliasov. Ak je uvedená voľba -a,\n"
-" odstrániť všetky definície aliasov."
+"Odstráni NÁZVY zo zoznamu definovaných aliasov. Ak je uvedená voľba -a,\n"
+" odstráni všetky definície aliasov."
#: builtins.c:266
msgid ""
" -s List key sequences that invoke macros and their values\n"
" in a form that can be reused as input."
msgstr ""
-"Zviazať sekvenciu klávesov s funkciou alebo makrom Readline alebo\n"
-" nastaviť premennú Readline. Syntax argumentu je rovnaká ako tá,\n"
+"Naviaže sekvenciu klávesov na funkciu alebo makro Readline alebo\n"
+" nastaviť premennú Readline. Syntax argumentu je rovnaká ako tá\n"
" v ~/.inputrc, ale musí sa podať ako jediný argument:\n"
" bind '\"\\C-x\\C-r\": re-read-init-file'.\n"
" bind akceptuje nasledovné voľby:\n"
-" -m klávmap Použiť „klávmap“ ako mapu klávesov počas trvania\n"
+" -m klávmap Použije „klávmap“ ako mapu klávesov počas trvania\n"
" tohto príkazu. Prijateľné názvy klávesových máp sú\n"
" emacs emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi,\n"
" vi-move, vi-command a vi-insert.\n"
-" -l Vypísať názvy funkcií.\n"
-" -P Vypísať názvy funkcií a väzby.\n"
-" -p Vypísať názvy funkcií a väzby v tvare, ktorý je\n"
+" -l Vypíše názvy funkcií.\n"
+" -P Vypíše názvy funkcií a väzby.\n"
+" -p Vypíše názvy funkcií a väzby v tvare, ktorý je\n"
" možné znova použiť ako vstup.\n"
-" -r kláv_sek Odstrániť väzbu pre kláv_sek.\n"
+" -r kláv_sek Odstráni väzbu pre kláv_sek.\n"
" -x kláv_sek:príkaz_shellu\tSpôsobí vykonanie PRÍKAZU_SHELLU po\n"
" \t\t\t\tzadaní KLÁV_SEK.\n"
-" -f súboru Načítať klávesové väzby z SÚBORU.\n"
-" -q názov-funkcie Zistiť, ktoré klávesy vyvolávajú túto funkciu.\n"
-" -u názov-funkcie Zrušiť väzby všetkých kláves naviazaných na túto funkciu.\n"
-" -V Vypísať názvy premenných a hodnoty\n"
-" -v Vypísať názvy premenných a hodnoty v tvare, ktorý je\n"
+" -f súboru Načíta klávesové väzby z SÚBORU.\n"
+" -q názov-funkcie Zistí, ktoré klávesy vyvolávajú túto funkciu.\n"
+" -u názov-funkcie Zruší väzby všetkých kláves naviazaných na túto funkciu.\n"
+" -V Vypíše názvy premenných a hodnoty\n"
+" -v Vypíše názvy premenných a hodnoty v tvare, ktorý je\n"
" možné znova použiť ako vstup.\n"
-" -S Vypísať klávesové sekvencie, ktoré vyvolávajú makrá a ich hodnoty\n"
-" -s Vypísať klávesové sekvencie, ktoré vyvolávajú makrá a ich hodnoty\n"
+" -S Vypíše klávesové sekvencie, ktoré vyvolávajú makrá a ich hodnoty\n"
+" -s Vypíše klávesové sekvencie, ktoré vyvolávajú makrá a ich hodnoty\n"
" v tvare, ktorý je možné znova použiť ako vstup."
#: builtins.c:297
"Exit from within a FOR, WHILE or UNTIL loop. If N is specified,\n"
" break N levels."
msgstr ""
-"Vyskočiť zvnútra cyklu FOR, WHILE alebo UNTIL. Ak je uvedené N,\n"
-" vyskočiť o N úrovní."
+"Vyskočí zvnútra cyklu FOR, WHILE alebo UNTIL. Ak je uvedené N,\n"
+" vyskočí o N úrovní."
#: builtins.c:304
msgid ""
"Resume the next iteration of the enclosing FOR, WHILE or UNTIL loop.\n"
" If N is specified, resume at the N-th enclosing loop."
msgstr ""
-"Pokračovať v nasledujúcej iterácii cyklu FOR, WHILE alebo UNTIL.\n"
+"Pokračuje v nasledujúcej iterácii cyklu FOR, WHILE alebo UNTIL.\n"
"Ak je uvedené N, pokračovať v ďalšej iterácii slučky o N úrovní vyššej."
#: builtins.c:311
" shell builtin to be a function, but need the functionality of the\n"
" builtin within the function itself."
msgstr ""
-"Spustiť vstavaný príkaz (builtin) shellu. Toto je užitočné, keď\n"
+"Spustí vstavaný príkaz (builtin) shellu. Toto je užitočné, keď\n"
" chcete premenovať vstavaný príkaz shellu na funkciu, ale\n"
" potrebujete funkcionalitu samotného vstavaného príkazu\n"
" vnútri funkcie."
" instead of following symbolic links; the -L option forces symbolic links\n"
" to be followed."
msgstr ""
-"Zmeniť aktuálny adresár na ADR. Premenná $HOME je štandardný\n"
+"Zmení aktuálny adresár na ADR. Premenná $HOME je štandardný\n"
" ADR. Premenná CDPATH definuje cesty, v ktorých sa hľadá adresár\n"
" obsahujúci ADR. Alternatívne názvy adresárov vCDPATH sú\n"
" oddelené dvojbodkou (:). Prázdny (null) názov adresára zodpovedá\n"
" aktuálnemu adresáru, t.j. „.“. Ak ADR začína lomkou (/), CDPATH\n"
-" sa nepoužije. Ak adreár nebol nájdený a je nastavená voľba shellu\n"
+" sa nepoužije. Ak adresár nebol nájdený a je nastavená voľba shellu\n"
" „cdable_vars“ skúste toto slovo ako názov premennej. Ak táto\n"
" premenná má hodnotu, vykoná cd na hodnotu premennej.\n"
" Voľba -P vraví, že sa má použiť fyzická štruktúra adresárov a nie\n"
" the physical directory, without any symbolic links; the -L option\n"
" makes pwd follow symbolic links."
msgstr ""
-"Vypísať aktuálny pracovný adresár. S voľbou -P pwd vypíše\n"
+"Vypíše aktuálny pracovný adresár. S voľbou -P pwd vypíše\n"
" fyzický adresár bez symbolických odkazov; s voľbou -L\n"
" bude pwd nasledovať symbolické odkazy."
#: builtins.c:364
msgid "Return a successful result."
-msgstr "Vrátiť úspešný výsledok."
+msgstr "Vráti úspešný výsledok."
#: builtins.c:370
msgid "Return an unsuccessful result."
-msgstr "Vrátiť neúspešný výsledok."
+msgstr "Vráti neúspešný výsledok."
#: builtins.c:376
msgid ""
" the -V or -v option is given, a string is printed describing COMMAND.\n"
" The -V option produces a more verbose description."
msgstr ""
-"Spustiť PRÍKAZ s ARG ignorujúc funkcie shellu. Ak máte funkciu shellu\n"
+"Spustí PRÍKAZ s ARG ignorujúc funkcie shellu. Ak máte funkciu shellu\n"
" zvanú „ls“ a chcete zavolať príkaz „ls“, môžete napísať\n"
" „command ls“. Ak je zadaná voľba -p, použije sa štandardná hodnota\n"
-" PATH, ktorá zaručene nájde všetky štandardné utility. Ak je zadaná\n"
+" PATH, ktorá zaručene nájde všetky štandardné nástroje. Ak je zadaná\n"
" voľba -V alebo -v, vypíše sa popis PRÍKAZU.\n"
" Voľba -V poskytuje podrobnejší výstup."
" Using `+' instead of `-' turns off the given attribute instead. When\n"
" used in a function, makes NAMEs local, as with the `local' command."
msgstr ""
-"Deklarovať premenné a/alebo dať im argumenty. Ak nie sú zadané\n"
+"Deklaruje premenné a/alebo im dodá argumenty. Ak nie sú zadané\n"
" NÁZVY, zobraziť hodnoty premenných. Voľba -p zobrazí atribúty\n"
" a hotnoty každého NÁZVU.\n"
" \n"
#: builtins.c:416
msgid "Obsolete. See `declare'."
-msgstr "Zastarelé. Pozri „declare“."
+msgstr "Zastaralé. Pozri „declare“."
#: builtins.c:422
msgid ""
" can only be used within a function; it makes the variable NAME\n"
" have a visible scope restricted to that function and its children."
msgstr ""
-"Vytvoriť lokálnu premennú s NÁZVOM a prideliť jej HODNOTU. LOCAL\n"
+"Vytvorí lokálnu premennú s NÁZVOM a priradí jej HODNOTU. LOCAL\n"
" je možné použiť iba v rámci funkcie; spôsobí obmedzenie viditeľnosti\n"
-" premennej NÁZOV iba na túto funkciu a jej deti."
+" premennej NÁZOV iba na túto funkciu a jej potomkov."
#: builtins.c:431
msgid ""
" You can explicitly turn off the interpretation of the above characters\n"
" with the -E option."
msgstr ""
-"Vypísať ARGumenty. S voľbou -n bude posledný znak nového\n"
+"Vypíše ARGumenty. S voľbou -n bude posledný znak nového\n"
" riadka potlačený. S voľbou -e sa zapne interpretácia\n"
" nasledovných znakov začínajúcich spätnou lomkou:\n"
" \t\\a\tvýstraha (zvonček)\n"
#: builtins.c:456
msgid "Output the ARGs. If -n is specified, the trailing newline is suppressed."
-msgstr "Vypísať ARGumenty. S voľbou -n bude posledný znak nového riadka potlačený."
+msgstr "Vypíše ARGumenty. S voľbou -n bude posledný znak nového riadka potlačený."
#: builtins.c:463
msgid ""
" or not it is enabled. The -s option restricts the output to the POSIX.2\n"
" `special' builtins. The -n option displays a list of all disabled builtins."
msgstr ""
-"Zapnúť a vypnúť vstavené (builtin) príkazy shellu. Toto vám umožní\n"
-" použiÅ¥ prákaz s rovnakým názvom ako má vstavaný príkaz shellu\n"
+"Zapína a vypína vstavené (builtin) príkazy shellu. Toto vám umožní\n"
+" použiÅ¥ prÃkaz s rovnakým názvom ako má vstavaný príkaz shellu\n"
" bez toho, aby ste uvádzali plnú cestu. S voľbou -n budú NÁZVY\n"
" vypnuté; inak budú NÁZVY zapnuté. Napríklad ak chcete použiť\n"
" „test“, ktorý sa nachádza v $PATH namiesto vstavaného príkazu,\n"
" napíšte „enable -n test“. Na systémoch, ktoré podporujú dynamické\n"
" nahrávanie je možné použiť voľbu -f na načítanie nových vstavaných\n"
-" príkazov zo zdieľaného objektu NˇAZOVSÚBORU. Voľba -d zmaže\n"
-" vstavaný príkaz, ktorý bol predtým načítaný pomocou -f. Nie sú\n"
+" príkazov zo zdieľaného objektu NÁZOVSÚBORU. Voľba -d zmaže\n"
+" vstavaný príkaz, ktorý bol predtým načítaný pomocou -f. Ak nie sú\n"
" zadané žiadne názvy okrem volieb alebo je zadaná voľba -p , vypíše\n"
" sa zoznam vstavaných príkazov. Voľba -a znamená, že sa má vypísať\n"
" každý vstavaný príkaz a či je zapnutý alebo vypnutý. Voľba -s obmedzí\n"
#: builtins.c:481
msgid "Read ARGs as input to the shell and execute the resulting command(s)."
-msgstr "Prečítať ARGumenty ako vstup do shellu a vykonať výsledné príkazy."
+msgstr "Prečíta ARGumenty ako vstup do shellu a vykoná výsledné príkazy."
#: builtins.c:487
msgid ""
" process IDs, and, if you have reached the limit on processes that\n"
" you can create, you don't have to start a process to kill another one."
msgstr ""
-"Poslať procesom s uvedeným PID (alebo JOBSPEC) signál SIGSPEC. Ak\n"
+"Pošle procesom s uvedeným PID (alebo JOBSPEC) signál SIGSPEC. Ak\n"
" nie je SIGSPEC uvedená, predpokladá sa SIGTERM. Argument „-l“\n"
" vypíše názvy signálov; ak sú argumenty uvedené po „-l“, predpokladá\n"
" sa, že sú to čísla signálov ktorých názvy sa majú zobraziť. Kill je\n"
" Arguments on the command line along with NAME are passed to the\n"
" function as $0 .. $n."
msgstr ""
+"Vytvoriť jednoduchý príkaz, ktorý sa vyvolá pomocou NÁZVU a spustí\n"
+" PRÍKAZY. Argumenty príkazového riadka sa spolu s NÁZVOM dodajú\n"
+" funkcii v premenných $0 až $n."
#: builtins.c:1198
msgid ""
"Run a set of commands in a group. This is one way to redirect an\n"
" entire set of commands."
msgstr ""
+"Spustiť množinu príkazov v skupine. Toto je jeden zo spôsobov ako\n"
+" presmerovať celú možinu príkazov."
#: builtins.c:1205
msgid ""
" the background, as if the job specification had been supplied as an\n"
" argument to `bg'."
msgstr ""
+"Ekvivalentné argumentu JOB_SPEC príkazu „fg“ Obnoví beh\n"
+" zastavenej úlohy alebo úlohyu bežiacej v pozadí. JOB_SPEC môže\n"
+" určiť buď názov alebo číslo úlohy. Ak po JOB_SPEC nasleduje „&“, úloha\n"
+" sa umiestni do pozadia, ako keby bola špecifikácia úlohy zadaná ako\n"
+" argument príkazu „bg“."
#: builtins.c:1215
msgid ""
"The EXPRESSION is evaluated according to the rules for arithmetic\n"
" evaluation. Equivalent to \"let EXPRESSION\"."
msgstr ""
+"VÝRAZ sa vyhodnotí podľa pravidiel aritmetického vyhodnocovania.\n"
+" Ekvivalentné s „let VÝRAZ“."
#: builtins.c:1222
msgid ""
" && and || operators do not evaluate EXPR2 if EXPR1 is sufficient to\n"
" determine the expression's value."
msgstr ""
+"Vráti 0 alebo 1 v závislosti na vyhodnotení výrazu podmienky VÝRAZ.\n"
+" Výrazy sa skladajú z rovnakých zložiek ako pri vstavanom príkaze\n"
+" „test“ a je možné ich kombinovať pomocou nasledovných operátorov\n"
+" \n"
+" \t( VÝRAZ )\tVracia hodnoru výrazu VÝRAZ\n"
+" \t! VÝRAZ\tPravdivý, ak je VÝRAZ nepravdivý; inak pravdivý\n"
+" \tVÝR1 && VÝR2\tPravdivý ak je VÝR1 a zároveň VÝR2 pravdivý; inak nepravdivý\n"
+" \tVÝR1 || VÝR2\tPravdivý ak je VÝR1 alebo VÝR2 pravdivý; inak nepravdivý\n"
+" \n"
+" Ak sú použité operátory „==“ a „!=“, reťazec napravo od operátora\n"
+" sa použije ako vzor a vykoná sa hľadanie zhody reťazcov. Operátory\n"
+" && a || nevyhodnocujú VÝR2 ak hodnota VÝR1 postačuje na určenie\n"
+" hodnoty výrazu."
#: builtins.c:1240
msgid ""
" HISTIGNORE\tA colon-separated list of patterns used to decide which\n"
" \t\tcommands should be saved on the history list.\n"
msgstr ""
+"BASH_VERSION\tInformácie o verzii tohto Bash.\n"
+" CDPATH\tBodkočiarkami oddelený zoznam adresárov, v ktorých sa budú\n"
+" \t\thľadať adresáre dané ako argument príkazu „cd“.\n"
+" GLOBIGNORE\tBodkočiarkami oddelený zoznam vzorov popisujúcich názvy\n"
+" \t\tsúborov, ktoré má expanzia názvov ciest ignorovať.\n"
+" HISTFILE\tNázov súboru, kde je uložená vaša história príkazov.\n"
+" HISTFILESIZE\tMaximálny počet riadkov, ktorý môže obsahovať.\n"
+" HISTSIZE\tMaximálny počet riadkov, su ktorým môže pristupovať\n"
+" \t\tbežiaci shell.\n"
+" HOME\tÚplná cesta k vášmu prihlasovaciemu adresáru.\n"
+" HOSTNAME\tNázov stroja, na ktorom sa momentálne nachádzate.\n"
+" HOSTTYPE\tTyp procesora, na ktorom beží táto verzia Bash.\n"
+" IGNOREEOF\tRiadi činnosť shellu po prijatí znaku EOF ako\n"
+" \t\tjediného na vstupe. Ak je voľba nastavená, jej hodnota je\n"
+" \t\tpočet znakov EOF, ktoré budú za sebou prijaté na prázdnom\n"
+" \t\triadku predtým, než sa shell ukončí (štadnardne 10). Ak voľba\n"
+" \t\tNie je nastavená, EOF značí koniec vstupu.\n"
+" MACHTYPE\tReťazec popisujúci systém, na ktorom Bash práve beží.\n"
+" MAILCHECK\tAko často v sekundách Bash kontroluje novú poštu.\n"
+" MAILPATH\tBodkočiarkami oddelený zoznam názvov súborov,\n"
+" \t\tv ktorých Bash kontroluje novú poštu.\n"
+" OSTYPE\tVerzia Unixu na ktorej tento Bash beží.\n"
+" PATH\tBodkočiarkami oddelený zoznam adresárov, v ktorých sa\n"
+" \t\tmajú hľadať príkazy.\n"
+" PROMPT_COMMAND\tPríkaz, ktorý sa má vykonať pred každým\n"
+" \t\tvypísaním primárnej výzvy.\n"
+" PS1\t\tReťazec primárnej výzvy.\n"
+" PS2\t\tReťazec sekundárnej výzvy.\n"
+" PWD\t\tPlná cesta k aktuálnemu adresáru.\n"
+" SHELLOPTS\tBodkočiarkami oddelený zoznam zapnutých volieb shellu.\n"
+" TERM\tNázov aktuálneho typu terminálu.\n"
+" TIMEFORMAT\tFormát výstupu štatistiky doby behu, ktorú zobrazuje\n"
+" \t\trezervované slovo „time“.\n"
+" auto_resume\tNenulová hodnota značí príkaz, ktorý keď sa vyskytuje na samostatnom\n"
+" \t\triadku, vyhľadá sa v zozname momentálne zastavených\n"
+" \t\túloh. Ak sa je tam nachádza, úloha sa prenesie do popredia.\n"
+" \t\tHodnota „exact“ znamená, že slovo príkazu sa musí presne\n"
+" \t\tzhodovať s príkazom v zozname zastavených úloh. Hodnota\n"
+" \t\t„substring“ znamená, že slovo príkazu sa musí zhodovať s\n"
+" \t\tpodreťazcom úlohy. Akákoľvek iná hodnota znamená, že\n"
+" \t\tpríkaz musí byť predponou zastavenej úlohy.\n"
+" histchars\tZnaky riadiace dopĺňanie histórie a rýchle\n"
+" \t\tnahrádzanie. prvý znak je znak nahrádzania z\n"
+" \t\thistórie, zvyčajne „!“. Druhý je znak „rýchleho\n"
+" \t\tnahrádzania“, zvyčajne „^“. Tretí je znak\n"
+" \t\t„komentára histórie“, zvyčajne „#“.\n"
+" HISTIGNORE\tBodkočiarkami oddelený zoznam vzoriek, ktoré\n"
+" \t\tsa používajú na rozhodovanie, či sa príkaz uloží do histórie.\n"
#: builtins.c:1295
msgid ""
" \n"
" You can see the directory stack with the `dirs' command."
msgstr ""
+"Pridá adresár na vrchol zásobníka adresárov alebo ho otočí tak, že\n"
+" nový vrchol zásobníka sa stane aktuálnym pracovným adresárom.\n"
+" Bez argumentov vymení vrchné dva adresáre.\n"
+" \n"
+" +N\tOtočí zásobník tak, že N-tý adresár (počítajúc zľava zoznamu,\n"
+" \tktorý zobrazuje „dirs“, počínajúc nulou) je na vrchu.\n"
+" \n"
+" -N\tOtočí zásobník tak, že N-tý adresár (počítajúc sprava zoznamu,\n"
+" \tktorý zobrazuje „dirs“, počínajúc nulou) je na vrchu.\n"
+" \n"
+" -n\tpotlačí normálnu zmenu adresára pri odstraňovaní položiek\n"
+" \tzo zásobníka, takže sa zmení iba zásobník.\n"
+" \n"
+" adr\tpridá ADR na vrchol zásobníka adresárov, čím sa tento stane\n"
+" \tnovým aktuálnym pracovným adresárom.\n"
+" \n"
+" Zásobník adresárov môžete zobraziť príkazom „dirs“."
#: builtins.c:1321
msgid ""
" \n"
" You can see the directory stack with the `dirs' command."
msgstr ""
+"Odstráni položky zo zásobníka adresárov. Bez argumentov odstráni\n"
+" vrchnú položku zo zásobníka a zmení adresár na adresár, ktorý\n"
+" sa následne nachádza na vrchu zásobníka.\n"
+" \n"
+" +N\todstráni N-tú položku položku počítajúc zľava zoznamu,\n"
+" \tktorý zobrazuje „dirs“, počínajúc nulou. Napríklad: „popd +0“\n"
+" \todstráni prvý adresár, „popd +1“ druhý.\n"
+" \n"
+" -N\todstráni N-tú položku položku počítajúc sprava zoznamu,\n"
+" \tktorý zobrazuje „dirs“, počínajúc nulou. Napríklad: „popd -0“\n"
+" \todstráni posledný adresár, „popd -1“ predposledný.\n"
+" \n"
+" -n\tpotlačí normálnu zmenu adresára pri odstraňovaní položiek\n"
+" \tzo zásobníka, takže sa zmení iba zásobník.\n"
+" \n"
+" Zásobník adresárov môžete zobraziť príkazom „dirs“."
#: builtins.c:1344
msgid ""
" -N\tdisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown by\n"
" \tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero."
msgstr ""
+"Zobrazí zoznam momentálne zapamätaných adresárov. Adresáre\n"
+" sa do zoznamu dostávajú príkazom „pushd“; zo zoznamu ich môžete\n"
+" vyberať postupne príkazom „popd“.\n"
+" \n"
+" Voľba -l určuje, že „dirs“ nemá vypisovať skrátené verzie adresárov\n"
+" relatívne vzhľadom na váš domovský adresár. To znamená, že\n"
+" „~/bin“ sa môže zobraziť ako „/homes/bfox/bin“. Voľba -v spôsobí,\n"
+" že „dirs“ vypíše zásobník adresárov vo formáte jedna položka na,\n"
+" riadok a pred adresár vypíše jej pozíciu v zásobníku. Voľba -p robí\n"
+" to sité, ale nepripája pozíciu v zásobníku.\n"
+" Voľba -c vyprázdni zásobník adresárov zmazaním všetkých položiek.\n"
+" \n"
+" +N\tzobrazuje N-tú položku počítajúc zľava zoznamu, ktorý zobrazuje\n"
+" \tdirs vyvolaný bez volieb, počínajúc nulou.\n"
+" \n"
+" -N\tzobrazuje N-tú položku počítajúc sprava zoznamu, ktorý zobrazuje\n"
+" \tdirs vyvolaný bez volieb, počínajúc nulou."
#: builtins.c:1367
msgid ""
" settable options is displayed, with an indication of whether or\n"
" not each is set."
msgstr ""
+"Obráti hodnoty premenných riadiacich voliteľné správanie.\n"
+" Voľba -s znamená zapnúť (nastaviť) naždého NÁZVU_VOĽBY;\n"
+" voľba -u ruší nastavenie každého NÁZVU_VOĽBY. Voľba -q\n"
+" potlačí výpis; stav ukončenia indikuje, či je každý NÁZOV_VOĽBY\n"
+" nastavený alebo nenastavený. Voľba -o obmedzuje NÁZOV_VOĽBY\n"
+" na tie, ktoré sú definované pre použitie so „set -o“. Bez volieb\n"
+" alebo s voľbou -p sa vypíše zoznam nastaviteľných volieb\n"
+" s označením, či je každá nastavená alebo nenastavená."
#: builtins.c:1380
msgid ""
" If the -v option is supplied, the output is placed into the value of the\n"
" shell variable VAR rather than being sent to the standard output."
msgstr ""
+"printf formátuje a vypisuje ARGUMENTY podľa FORMÁTu. FORMÁT\n"
+" je reťazec znakov, ktorý obsahuje tri typy objektov: čisté znaky, ktoré\n"
+" sa jednoducho skopírujú na štandardný výstup, únikové klauzuly, ktoré\n"
+" sa nahradia zodpovedajúcim výstupom a skopírujú na štandardný výstup\n"
+" a špecifikácie formátu, z ktorých každá spôsobí vypísanie nasledovného\n"
+" argumentu. Okrem štandardných formátov printf(1), %b znamená\n"
+" rozšíriť únikové klauzuly backspace v zodpovedajúcom argumente a %q\n"
+" znamená dať argument do zátvoriek tak, aby ho bolo možné použiť ako\n"
+" vstup shellu. Ak je daná voľba -v, výstup sa umiestni do hodnoty\n"
+" premennej shellu VAR namiesto vypísania na štandardný výstup."
#: builtins.c:1396
msgid ""
" reused as input. The -r option removes a completion specification for\n"
" each NAME, or, if no NAMEs are supplied, all completion specifications."
msgstr ""
+"Pre každý NÁZOV určí, koľko argumentov sa má doplniť.\n"
+" Ak je daná voľba -p alebo žiadne voľby, vypíšu sa existujúce špecifikácie doplnení v takom formáte, že je ich možné použiť na\n"
+" vstupe. Voľba -r odstráni špecifikáciu doplnenia pre každý NÁZOV,\n"
+" alebo, ak nebol uvedený žiadny NÁZOV, pre všetky špecifikácie."
#: builtins.c:1408
msgid ""
" If the optional WORD argument is supplied, matches against WORD are\n"
" generated."
msgstr ""
+"Zobrazí možné dokončenie v závislosti na voľbách. Slúži na použitie\n"
+" z shell funkcií tvoriacich možné dokončenia Ak je daný voliteľný parameter\n"
+" SLOVO, tvoria sa zhody so SLOVOm."
-BUILD_DIR=/usr/local/build/chet/bash/bash-current
+BUILD_DIR=/usr/local/build/bash/bash-current
THIS_SH=$BUILD_DIR/bash
PATH=$PATH:$BUILD_DIR
shopt -u checkjobs
shopt -u checkwinsize
shopt -s cmdhist
+shopt -u compat31
shopt -u dotglob
shopt -u execfail
shopt -s expand_aliases
shopt -u checkhash
shopt -u checkjobs
shopt -u checkwinsize
+shopt -u compat31
shopt -u dotglob
shopt -u execfail
shopt -u extdebug
checkhash off
checkjobs off
checkwinsize off
+compat31 off
dotglob off
execfail off
extdebug off
projects / thirdparty / bash.git / commitdiff
