Formerly present and now removed duplicates:
*_module.2, get_kernel_syms.2 (found in modutils-2.1.*),
exports.5 (found in nfs-server-2.2*),
- fstab.5, nfs.5 (found in util-linux-2.11*),
+ fstab.5, nfs.5 (found in util-linux-2.12*),
lilo.8, lilo.conf.5 (found in lilo-21.6*).
Note that the pages that come with GNU fileutils are really
For the POSIX pages, see the file POSIX-COPYRIGHT.
All other pages are freely distributable when the nroff source is included.
-Send corrections and additions to aeb@cwi.nl
+Send corrections and additions to mtk-manpages@gmx.net
(man.7 has some info on the macros to use).
RELEASE
-The Linux man page maintainer proudly announces. . .
+After more than nine years and 64 releases,
+the old Linux man page maintainer announces a last release. . .
+
+ man-pages-1.70.tar.gz - man pages for Linux
+
+
+NEW MAINTAINER
+Michael Kerrisk has accepted to take over maintenance. (Thanks!)
+Send comments and patches to
+
+ mtk-manpages@gmx.net
+
- man-pages-1.69.tar.gz - man pages for Linux
POSIX
This release contains a copy of the POSIX 1003.1-2003 man pages.
[The rpc man pages were taken from the 4.4BSD-Lite CDROM.]
-Differences from version 1.68:
-
- Headers were added to the POSIX man pages.
- Error sections were sorted.
+Differences from version 1.69:
The man pages
- sched_setaffinity.2 shmctl.2
+ ls.1
+
+ chroot.2 exit_group.2 mmap.2 nanosleep.2 remap_file_pages.2
+ undocumented.2 wait.2
+
+ HUGE_VAL.3 HUGE_VALF.3 HUGE_VALL.3 INFINITY.3 NAN.3
+ dl_iterate_phdr.3 drand48_r.3 endnetgrent.3 erand48_r.3
+ finite.3 finitef.3 finitel.3 fpclassify.3 gethostent.3
+ gethostent_r.3 getnetgrent.3 getnetgrent_r.3 grantpt.3
+ ilogb.3 ilogbf.3 ilogbl.3 innetgr.3 isalpha.3 isinf.3
+ isinff.3 isinfl.3 jrand48_r.3 lcong48_r.3 ldexp.3
+ logb.3 logbf.3 logbl.3 lrand48_r.3 mrand48_r.3 nrand48_r.3
+ openpty.3 ptsname.3 remquo.3 remquof.3 remquol.3 resolver.3
+ scalb.3 scalbf.3 scalbl.3 scalbln.3 scalblnf.3 scalblnl.3
+ scalbn.3 scalbnf.3 scalbnl.3 seed48_r.3 setnetgrent.3
+ significand.3 significandf.3 significandl.3 srand48_r.3
+ termios.3 undocumented.3 unlockpt.3
+
+ resolv.conf.5 utmp.5
- killpg.3
+ ip.7
- proc.5
+ ld-linux.8 ld-linux.so.8
are new or have been updated. Typographical or grammatical errors
have been corrected in several other places.
Note that only Section 2 is rather complete, but Section 3 contains
several hundred man pages. If you want to write some man pages,
- please do so and mail them to aeb@cwi.nl.
+ please do so and mail them to mtk-manpages@gmx.net.
Copyright information:
Begin3
Title: Section 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7 man pages for Linux
-Version: 1.69
-Entered-date: 2004-10-11
+Version: 1.70
+Entered-date: 2004-10-31
Description: Linux and POSIX manual pages
Keywords: man pages
Author: several
-Maintained-by: Andries E. Brouwer (aeb@cwi.nl)
+Maintained-by: Andries Brouwer <aeb@cwi.nl>
+ Michael Kerrisk <mtk-manpages@gmx.net>
Primary-site: ftp://ftp.win.tue.nl/pub/linux-local/manpages
- 2272k man-pages-1.69.tar.gz
+ 2281k man-pages-1.70.tar.gz
Alternate-site: ftp://ftp.XX.kernel.org/pub/linux/docs/manpages
Copying-policy: several; for the POSIX pages, see the file POSIX-COPYRIGHT;
the other pages are all freely distributable provided
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
according to the collating sequence in the current locale.
When the \-l option is given, each list is preceded by a summary
line giving the total size of all files in the list, measured
-in semi-kilobytes (512 B).
+in 512-byte or 1024-byte blocks.
+.\" POSIX: 512, GNU: 1024
+.\" rumoured: early AIX 3.1: 1024, later AIX: 512
.PP
The output is to stdout, one entry per line, unless multicolumn
output is requested by the \-C option. However, for output to a
.B "\-l"
Write (in single-column format) the file mode, the number of links
to the file, the owner name, the group name, the size of the file (in bytes),
-the timestamp, and the filename.
+the timestamp, and the filename. The summary line uses 512-byte units.
The file types are as follows:
.B \-
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
capability) may call
.BR chroot (2).
-Note that this call does not change the current working directory,
-so that `.' can be outside the tree rooted at `/'.
+This call changes an ingredient in the pathname resolution process
+and does nothing else.
+
+This call does not change the current working directory,
+so that after the call `.' can be outside the tree rooted at `/'.
In particular, the super-user can escape from a `chroot jail'
by doing `mkdir foo; chroot foo; cd ..'.
+
+This call does not close open file descriptors, and such file
+descriptors may allow access to files outside the chroot tree.
+
.SH "RETURN VALUE"
On success, zero is returned. On error, \-1 is returned, and
.I errno
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
--- /dev/null
+.\" Copyright (C) 2004 Andries Brouwer (aeb@cwi.nl)
+.\"
+.\" Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
+.\" manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
+.\" preserved on all copies.
+.\"
+.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
+.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
+.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
+.\"
+.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
+.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
+.\" responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from
+.\" the use of the information contained herein. The author(s) may not
+.\" have taken the same level of care in the production of this manual,
+.\" which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working
+.\" professionally.
+.\"
+.\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by
+.\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work.
+.\"
+.TH EXIT_GROUP 2 2004-10-12 "Linux 2.6" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
+.SH NAME
+exit_group \- exit all threads in a process
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.nf
+.B #include <linux/unistd.h>
+.sp
+.BI "void exit_group(int " status );
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+This system call is equivalent to
+.BR exit (2)
+except that it terminates not only the present thread, but all threads
+in the current thread group.
+
+.SH "RETURN VALUE"
+This system call does not return.
+
+.SH HISTORY
+This call is present since Linux 2.5.35.
+
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+.BR exit (2)
+
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
that it is possible to modify this private copy-on-write region.
When it is not reserved one might get SIGSEGV upon a write
when no memory is available.
-.\" (On Linux there are no guarantees. Any process can be killed
-.\" at any moment when the system runs out of memory.)
.TP
-.B MAP_LOCKED
-(Linux 2.5.37 and later) Lock the pages of the mapped region into
-memory in the manner of
+.BR MAP_LOCKED " (since Linux 2.5.37)"
+Lock the pages of the mapped region into memory in the manner of
.BR mlock() .
This flag is ignored in older kernels.
.\" If set, the mapped pages will not be swapped out.
Ignored when
.I MAP_FIXED
is set. This flag is currently only supported on x86-64 for 64bit programs.
+.TP
+.BR MAP_POPULATE " (since Linux 2.5.46)"
+Populate (prefault) pagetables.
+.TP
+.BR MAP_NONBLOCK " (since Linux 2.5.46)"
+Do not block on IO.
.LP
Some systems document the additional flags MAP_AUTOGROW, MAP_AUTORESRV,
MAP_COPY, and MAP_LOCAL.
SVr4, POSIX.1b (formerly POSIX.4), 4.4BSD, SUSv2.
SVr4 documents additional error codes ENXIO and ENODEV.
SUSv2 documents additional error codes EMFILE and EOVERFLOW.
-
-.I MAP_32BIT
-is a Linux extension.
+.SH BUGS
+On Linux there are no guarantees like those suggested above
+under MAP_NORESERVE. By default, any process can be killed
+at any moment when the system runs out of memory.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR getpagesize (2),
.BR mlock (2),
.br
B.O. Gallmeister, POSIX.4, O'Reilly, pp. 128-129 and 389-391.
.\"
-.\" Repeat after me: private read-only mappings are 100% equivalent to shared
-.\" read-only mappings. No ifs, buts, or maybes.
+.\" Repeat after me: private read-only mappings are 100% equivalent to
+.\" shared read-only mappings. No ifs, buts, or maybes. -- Linus
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\"
.\" 1996-04-10 Markus Kuhn <mskuhn@cip.informatik.uni-erlangen.de>
.\" First version written
-.\"
-.TH NANOSLEEP 2 1996-04-10 "Linux 1.3.85" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
+.\" Modified, 2004-10-24, aeb
+.TH NANOSLEEP 2 2004-10-24 "Linux 2.6.9" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH NAME
nanosleep \- pause execution for a specified time
.SH SYNOPSIS
signal in *\fIrem\fR is usually rounded to the next larger multiple of
1/\fIHZ\fR\ s.
-As some applications require much more precise pauses (e.g., in order
-to control some time-critical hardware),
+.SS "Old behaviour"
+In order to support applications requiring much more precise pauses
+(e.g., in order to control some time-critical hardware),
.B nanosleep
-is also capable of short high-precision pauses. If the process is
-scheduled under a real-time policy like
+would handle pauses of up to 2\ ms by busy waiting with microsecond
+precision when called from a process scheduled under a real-time policy
+like
.I SCHED_FIFO
or
-.IR SCHED_RR ,
-then pauses of up to 2\ ms will be performed as busy waits with
-microsecond precision.
+.IR SCHED_RR .
+This special extension was removed in kernel 2.5.39, hence is still present in
+current 2.4 kernels, but not in 2.6 kernels.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
POSIX.1b (formerly POSIX.4).
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
the limit (visible in
.IR /proc/sys/fs/file-max )
on the maximum number of open files in the system, where a process
-lacking that capability would see an ENOFILE error return.
+lacking that capability would see an ENFILE error return.
.\" say sth on immutable files
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work.
.\"
.\" 2003-12-10 Initial creation, Michael Kerrisk <mtk16@ext.canterbury.ac.nz>
+.\" 2004-10-28 aeb, corrected prototype, prot must be 0
.\"
-.TH REMAP_FILE_PAGES 2 2003-12-10 "Linux 2.6" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
+.TH REMAP_FILE_PAGES 2 2004-10-28 "Linux 2.6" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH NAME
remap_file_pages \- create a non-linear file mapping
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B #include <sys/mman.h>
.sp
-.BI "void *remap_file_pages(void *" start ", "
+.BI "int remap_file_pages(void *" start ", "
.BI "size_t " size ", int " prot ", "
.BI "ssize_t " pgoff ", int " flags );
.SH DESCRIPTION
The
.I prot
-argument is ignored, and must be specified as 0.
-In the future, it may be possible to use this argument to change
-the protection of the pages of the specified region without
-creating a new VMA
-(as is done by
-.BR mprotect() ).
+argument must be specified as 0.
The
.I flags
argument has the same meaning as for
.BR mmap() ,
but all flags other than MAP_NONBLOCK are ignored.
-.\" Andries, MAP_NONBLOCK is not yet described in the mmap.2 page...
.SH "RETURN VALUE"
On success,
.B remap_file_pages()
.B EINVAL
.IR start ,
.IR size ,
+.IR prot ,
or
.I pgoff
is invalid.
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\"
.TH UNIMPLEMENTED 2 2003-02-01 "Linux 2.4.20" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH NAME
-exit_group,
madvise1,
rt_sigaction,
rt_sigpending,
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
is set to an appropriate value).
.SH ERRORS
.TP
-.B ECHILD
+.BR ECHILD " (for " wait )
+The calling process does not have any unwaited-for children.
+.TP
+.BR ECHILD " (for " waitpid )
The process specified in
.I pid
does not exist or is not a child of the calling process.
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
--- /dev/null
+.so man3/INFINITY.3
--- /dev/null
+.so man3/INFINITY.3
--- /dev/null
+.so man3/INFINITY.3
--- /dev/null
+.\" Copyright 2004 Andries Brouwer <aeb@cwi.nl>.
+.\"
+.\" Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
+.\" manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
+.\" preserved on all copies.
+.\"
+.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
+.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
+.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
+.\"
+.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
+.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
+.\" responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from
+.\" the use of the information contained herein. The author(s) may not
+.\" have taken the same level of care in the production of this manual,
+.\" which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working
+.\" professionally.
+.\"
+.\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by
+.\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work.
+.\"
+.TH INFINITY 3 2004-10-31 "" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
+.SH NAME
+INFINITY, NAN, HUGE_VAL, HUGE_VALF, HUGE_VALL - floating point constants
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.nf
+#define _ISOC99_SOURCE
+.br
+.B #include <math.h>
+.sp
+.B INFINITY
+.sp
+.B NAN
+.sp
+.B HUGE_VAL
+.br
+.B HUGE_VALF
+.br
+.B HUGE_VALL
+.fi
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+The macro
+.B INFINITY
+expands to a float constant representing positive infinity.
+
+The macro
+.B NAN
+expands to a float constant representing a quiet NaN
+(when supported). A
+.I quiet
+NaN is a NaN ("not-a-number") that does not raise exceptions
+when it is used in arithmetic. The opposite is a
+.I signalling
+NaN. See IEC 60559:1989.
+
+The macros
+.BR HUGE_VAL ,
+.BR HUGE_VALF ,
+.BR HUGE_VALL
+expand to constants of types double, float and long double, respectively,
+that represent a large positive value, possibly plus infinity.
+
+.SH AVAILABILITY
+On a glibc system, the macro HUGE_VAL is always available.
+Availability of the NAN macro can be tested using
+.BR "#ifdef NAN" ,
+and similarly for INFINITY, HUGE_VALF, HUGE_VALL.
+They will be defined by
+.I <math.h>
+if _ISOC99_SOURCE or _GNU_SOURCE is defined, or __STDC_VERSION__ is defined
+and has a value not less than 199901L.
+
+.SH "CONFORMING TO"
+C99
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+.BR fpclassify (3)
--- /dev/null
+.so man3/INFINITY.3
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
--- /dev/null
+.\" Copyright (c) 2003 by Michael Kerrisk (mtk16@ext.canterbury.ac.nz)
+.\"
+.\" Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
+.\" manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
+.\" preserved on all copies.
+.\"
+.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
+.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
+.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
+.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\"
+.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
+.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
+.\" responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from
+.\" the use of the information contained herein.
+.\"
+.\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by
+.\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work.
+.\" License.
+.\"
+.TH DL_ITERATE_PHDR 3 "Linux 2.4.21" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
+.SH NAME
+dl_iterate_phdr \- walk through list of shared objects
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.nf
+#define _GNU_SOURCE
+.B #include <link.h>
+
+\fBint dl_iterate_phdr(\fP
+ \fBint (*\fPcallback\fB) \
+(struct dl_phdr_info *\fPinfo\fB,\fP
+ \fBsize_t\fP size\fB, void *\fPdata\fB),\fP
+ \fBvoid *\fPdata\fB);\fP
+.fi
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+The
+.B dl_iterate_phdr
+function allows an application to inquire at run-time to find
+out which shared objects it has loaded.
+
+The
+.B dl_iterate_phdr
+function walks through the list of an
+application's shared objects and calls the function
+.I callback
+once for each object,
+until either all shared objects have been processed or
+.I callback
+returns a non-zero value.
+
+Each call to
+.I callback
+receives three arguments:
+.IR info ,
+which is a pointer to a structure containing information
+about the shared object;
+.IR size ,
+which is the size of the structure pointed to by
+.IR info ;
+and
+.IR data ,
+which is a copy of whatever value was passed by the calling
+program as the second argument (also named
+.IR data )
+in the call to
+.BR dl_iterate_phdr.
+
+The
+.I info
+argument is a structure of the following type:
+
+.nf
+ struct dl_phdr_info {
+ ElfW(Addr) dlpi_addr; /* Base address of object */
+ const char *dlpi_name; /* (Null-terminated) name of
+ object
+ const ElfW(Phdr) *dlpi_phdr; /* Pointer to array of
+ ELF program headers
+ for this object */
+ ElfW(Half) dlpi_phnum; /* # of items in 'dlpi_phdr' */
+ };
+.fi
+
+(The
+.I ElfW()
+macro definition turns its argument into the name of an ELF data
+type suitable for the hardware architecture.
+For example, on a 32-bit platform,
+ElfW(Addr) yields the data type name Elf32_Addr.
+Further information on these types can be found in the
+.IR <elf.h> " and " <link.h>
+header files.)
+
+The
+.I dlpi_addr
+field indicates the base address of the shared object
+(i.e., the difference between the virtual memory address of
+the shared object and the offset of that object in the file
+from which it was loaded).
+The
+.I dlpi_name
+field is a null-terminated string giving the pathname
+from which the shared object was loaded.
+
+To understand the meaning of the
+.I dlpi_phdr
+and
+.I dlpi_phnum
+fields, we need to be aware that an ELF shared object consists
+of a number of segments, each of which has a corresponding
+program header describing the segment.
+The
+.I dlpi_phdr
+field is a pointer to an array of the program headers for this
+shared object.
+The
+.I dlpi_phnum
+field indicates the size of this array.
+
+These program headers are structures of the following form:
+.nf
+
+ typedef struct
+ {
+ Elf32_Word p_type; /* Segment type */
+ Elf32_Off p_offset; /* Segment file offset */
+ Elf32_Addr p_vaddr; /* Segment virtual address */
+ Elf32_Addr p_paddr; /* Segment physical address */
+ Elf32_Word p_filesz; /* Segment size in file */
+ Elf32_Word p_memsz; /* Segment size in memory */
+ Elf32_Word p_flags; /* Segment flags */
+ Elf32_Word p_align; /* Segment alignment */
+ } Elf32_Phdr;
+.fi
+
+Note that we can calculate the location of a particular program header,
+.IR x ,
+in virtual memory memory using the formula:
+
+.nf
+ addr == info->dlpi_addr + info->dlpi_phdr[x].p_vaddr;
+.fi
+.SH EXAMPLE PROGRAM
+The following program displays a list of pathnames of the
+shared objects it has loaded.
+For each shared object, the program lists the virtual addresses
+at which the object's ELF segments are loaded.
+
+.nf
+#define _GNU_SOURCE
+#include <link.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+static int
+callback(struct dl_phdr_info *info, size_t size, void *data)
+{
+ int j;
+
+ printf("name=%s (%d segments)\\n", info->dlpi_name,
+ info->dlpi_phnum);
+
+ for (j = 0; j < info->dlpi_phnum; j++)
+ printf("\\t\\t header %2d: address=%10p\\n", j,
+ (void *) (info->dlpi_addr + info->dlpi_phdr[j].p_vaddr));
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int
+main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+ dl_iterate_phdr(callback, NULL);
+
+ exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
+}
+.fi
+.SH RETURN VALUE
+The
+.B dl_iterate_phdr
+function returns whatever value was returned by the last call to
+.IR callback .
+.SH "CONFORMING TO"
+The
+.B dl_iterate_phdr
+function is Linux specific and should be avoided in portable applications.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+.BR ldd (1),
+.BR objdump (1),
+.BR readelf (1),
+.BR dlopen (3),
+.BR ld.so (8),
+and the
+.I "Executable and Linking Format Specification"
+available at various locations online.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR ld (1),
.BR ldd (1),
+.BR dl_iterate_phdr (3),
.BR ld.so (8),
.BR ldconfig (8),
ld.so info pages, gcc info pages, ld info pages
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
--- /dev/null
+.\" Copyright 2003 Walter Harms, 2004 Andries Brouwer <aeb@cwi.nl>.
+.\"
+.\" Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
+.\" manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
+.\" preserved on all copies.
+.\"
+.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
+.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
+.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
+.\"
+.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
+.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
+.\" responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from
+.\" the use of the information contained herein. The author(s) may not
+.\" have taken the same level of care in the production of this manual,
+.\" which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working
+.\" professionally.
+.\"
+.\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by
+.\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work.
+.\"
+.\" Created 2004-10-31. Text taken from a page by Walter Harms, 2003-09-08
+.\"
+.TH DRAND48_R 3 2004-10-31 "GNU" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
+.SH NAME
+drand48_r, erand48_r, lrand48_r, nrand48_r, mrand48_r, jrand48_r,
+srand48_r, seed48_r, lcong48_r
+\- generate uniformly distributed pseudo-random numbers reentrantly
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.nf
+.B #include <stdlib.h>
+.sp
+.BI "int drand48_r(struct drand48_data *" buffer ", double *" result );
+.sp
+.BI "int erand48_r(unsigned short " xsubi [3] ","
+.br
+.BI " struct drand48_data *"buffer ", double *" result ");"
+.sp
+.BI "int lrand48_r(struct drand48_data *" buffer ", long int *" result );
+.sp
+.BI "int nrand48_r(unsigned short int " xsubi[3] ","
+.br
+.BI " struct drand48_data *"buffer ", long int *" result ");"
+.sp
+.BI "int mrand48_r(struct drand48_data *" buffer ",long int *" result ");"
+.sp
+.BI "int jrand48_r(unsigned short int " xsubi[3] ","
+.br
+.BI " struct drand48_data *" buffer ", long int *" result ");"
+.sp
+.BI "int srand48_r(long int " seedval ", struct drand48_data *" buffer ");"
+.sp
+.BI "int seed48_r(unsigned short int " seed16v[3] ","
+.br
+.BI " struct drand48_data *" buffer ");"
+.sp
+.BI "int lcong48_r(unsigned short int " param[7] ","
+.br
+.BI " struct drand48_data *" buffer ");"
+.fi
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+These functions are the reentrant analogs of the functions described in
+.BR drand48 (3).
+Instead of modifying the global random generator state, they use
+the supplied data
+.IR buffer .
+
+Before the first use, this struct must be initialized, e.g.
+by filling it with zeroes, or by calling one of the functions
+.BR srand48_r() ,
+.BR seed48_r() ,
+or
+.BR lcong48_r() .
+.SH "RETURN VALUE"
+The return value is 0.
+.SH "CONFORMING TO"
+These functions are GNU extensions and are not portable.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+.BR drand48 (3),
+.BR rand (3),
+.BR random (3)
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
--- /dev/null
+.so man3/setnetgrent.3
--- /dev/null
+.so man3/drand48_r.3
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\"
.TH ETHER_ATON 3 2002-07-20 "BSD" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH NAME
-ether_aton, ether_ntoa, ether_ntohost, ether_hosttonn, ether_line,
+ether_aton, ether_ntoa, ether_ntohost, ether_hostton, ether_line,
ether_ntoa_r, ether_aton_r \- Ethernet address manipulation routines
.SH SYNOPSIS
.nf
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B #include <stdio.h>
.sp
-.BI "int fclose(FILE *" stream );
+.BI "int fclose(FILE *" fp );
.SH DESCRIPTION
The
.B fclose
-function dissociates the named
-.I stream
-from its underlying file or set of functions. If the stream was being used
-for output, any buffered data is written first, using
-.BR fflush (3).
+function will flush the stream pointed to by
+.IR fp
+(writing any buffered output data using
+.BR fflush (3))
+and close the underlying file descriptor.
.SH "RETURN VALUE"
Upon successful completion 0 is returned. Otherwise,
.B EOF
.I errno
is set to indicate the error. In either case any further access
(including another call to
-.BR fclose "())"
+.BR fclose ())
to the stream results in undefined behaviour.
.SH ERRORS
.TP
.B EBADF
The filedescriptor underlying
-.I stream
+.I fp
is not valid.
.\" This error cannot occur unless you are mixing ANSI C stdio operations and
.\" low-level file operations on the same stream. If you do get this error,
.nf
.B #include <fenv.h>
.sp
-.BI "void feclearexcept(int " excepts );
+.BI "int feclearexcept(int " excepts );
.br
-.BI "void fegetexceptflag(fexcept_t *" flagp ", int " excepts );
+.BI "int fegetexceptflag(fexcept_t *" flagp ", int " excepts );
.br
-.BI "void feraiseexcept(int " excepts );
+.BI "int feraiseexcept(int " excepts );
.br
-.BI "void fesetexceptflag(const fexcept_t *" flagp ", int " excepts );
+.BI "int fesetexceptflag(const fexcept_t *" flagp ", int " excepts );
.br
.BI "int fetestexcept(int " excepts );
.sp
.br
.BI "int fesetround(int " rounding_mode );
.sp
-.BI "void fegetenv(fenv_t *" envp );
+.BI "int fegetenv(fenv_t *" envp );
.br
.BI "int feholdexcept(fenv_t *" envp );
.br
-.BI "void fesetenv(const fenv_t *" envp );
+.BI "int fesetenv(const fenv_t *" envp );
.br
-.BI "void feupdateenv(const fenv_t *" envp );
+.BI "int feupdateenv(const fenv_t *" envp );
.fi
.SH DESCRIPTION
These eleven functions were defined in C99, and describe the handling
.RI * envp
must be known to be valid.
+.SH "RETURN VALUE"
+These functions return zero on success and non-zero if an error occurred.
+.\" Earlier seven of these functions were listed as returning void.
+.\" This was corrected in Corrigendum 1 (ISO/IEC 9899:1999/Cor.1:2001(E))
+.\" of the C99 Standard.
+
.SH "GNU DETAILS"
If possible, the GNU C Library defines a macro
.B FE_NOMASK_ENV
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
-.so man3/isinf.3
+.\" Copyright 2004 Andries Brouwer <aeb@cwi.nl>.
+.\"
+.\" Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
+.\" manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
+.\" preserved on all copies.
+.\"
+.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
+.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
+.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
+.\"
+.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
+.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
+.\" responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from
+.\" the use of the information contained herein. The author(s) may not
+.\" have taken the same level of care in the production of this manual,
+.\" which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working
+.\" professionally.
+.\"
+.\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by
+.\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work.
+.\"
+.TH FINITE 3 2004-10-31 "" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
+.SH NAME
+finite, finitef, finitel, isinf, isinff, isinfl, isnan, isnanf, isnanl \-
+BSD floating point classification functions
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.nf
+#define _BSD_SOURCE
+.br
+.B #include <math.h>
+.sp
+.BI "int finite(double " x );
+.br
+.BI "int finitef(float " x );
+.br
+.BI "int finitel(long double " x );
+.sp
+.BI "int isinf(double " x );
+.br
+.BI "int isinff(float " x );
+.br
+.BI "int isinfl(long double " x );
+.sp
+.BI "int isnan(double " x );
+.br
+.BI "int isnanf(float " x );
+.br
+.BI "int isnanl(long double " x );
+.fi
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+The
+.B finite
+functions return a non-zero value if \fIx\fP is neither infinite
+nor a "not-a-number" (NaN) value, and 0 otherwise.
+
+The
+.B isnan
+functions return a non-zero value if \fIx\fP is a NaN value,
+and 0 otherwise.
+
+The
+.B isinf
+functions return 1 if \fIx\fP is plus infinity, \-1 is \fIx\fP
+is minus infinity, and 0 otherwise.
+
+.SH NOTE
+Note that these functions are obsolete. C99 defines macros
+isfinite(), isinf() and isnan() (for all types) replacing them.
+Further note that the C99 isinf() has weaker guarantees on the return value.
+See
+.BR fpclassify (3).
+.\"
+.\" finite* not on HP-UX; they exist on Tru64.
+.SH AVAILABILITY
+On a glibc system, these functions are declared by
+.I <math.h>
+when _BSD_SOURCE or _SVID_SOURCE or _GNU_SOURCE is defined.
+The isnan() functions will also be declared when _XOPEN_SOURCE
+is defined.
+.SH HISTORY
+The
+.B finite
+function occurs in BSD 4.3.
+.\" see IEEE.3 in the BSD 4.3 manual
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+.BR fpclassify (3)
--- /dev/null
+.so man3/finite.3
--- /dev/null
+.so man3/finite.3
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Distributed under GPL, 2002-07-27 Walter Harms
.\" This was done with the help of the glibc manual.
.\"
-.TH fpclassify 3 2002-07-27 "" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
+.\" 2004-10-31, aeb, corrected
+.TH fpclassify 3 2004-10-31 "" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH NAME
fpclassify, isfinite, isnormal, isnan \- floating-point classification macros
.SH SYNOPSIS
.sp
.BI "int isinf(" x );
.fi
-.sp
-Link with \-lm.
.SH DESCRIPTION
Floating point numbers can have special values, such as
infinite or NaN. With the macro
.LP
The other macros provide a short answer to some standard questions.
.TP
-isfinite(x)
+.BI isfinite( x )
+returns a nonzero value if
+.br
(fpclassify(x) != FP_NAN && fpclassify(x) != FP_INFINITE)
.TP
-isnormal(x)
+.BI isnormal( x )
+returns a nonzero value if
(fpclassify(x) == FP_NORMAL)
.TP
-isnan(x)
+.BI isnan( x )
+returns a nonzero value if
(fpclassify(x) == FP_NAN)
.TP
-isinf(x)
+.BI isinf( x )
+returns a nonzero value if
(fpclassify(x) == FP_INFINITE)
.SH NOTE
+On systems conforming to BSD 4.3,
+.B isinf()
+will return 1 for positive, and \-1 for negative infinity.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
C99
.SH "SEE ALSO"
-.BR isgreater (3),
-.BR isinf (3)
+.BR finite (3),
+.BR INFINITY (3),
+.BR isgreater (3)
+
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Modified 2000-08-12, Andries Brouwer (aeb@cwi.nl)
.\" Modified 2001-05-19, Andries Brouwer (aeb@cwi.nl)
.\" Modified 2002-08-05, Michael Kerrisk
+.\" Modified 2004-10-31, Andries Brouwer
.\"
-.TH GETHOSTBYNAME 3 2002-08-05 "" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
+.TH GETHOSTBYNAME 3 2004-10-31 "" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH NAME
-gethostbyname, gethostbyaddr, sethostent, endhostent, herror, hstrerror \- get
-network host entry
+gethostbyname, gethostbyaddr, sethostent, gethostend, endhostent,
+herror, hstrerror \- get network host entry
.SH SYNOPSIS
.nf
.B #include <netdb.h>
.sp
.BI "struct hostent *gethostbyname(const char *" name );
.sp
-.B #include <sys/socket.h> " " /* for AF_INET */
-.BI "struct hostent *gethostbyaddr(const void *" addr ,
-.BI " int " len ", int " type );
+.BR "#include <sys/socket.h>" " /* for AF_INET */"
+.BI "struct hostent *"
+.br
+.BI "gethostbyaddr(const void *" addr ", int " len ", int " type );
.sp
.BI "void sethostent(int " stayopen );
.sp
.sp
.BI "const char *hstrerror(int " err );
.sp 2
+/* SYSV/POSIX extension */
+.br
+.B struct hostent *gethostent(void);
+.sp 2
/* GNU extensions */
.br
.BI "struct hostent *gethostbyname2(const char *" name ", int " af );
.sp
-.BI "int gethostbyname_r (const char *" name ,
+.BI "int gethostent_r("
+.BI " struct hostent *" ret ", char *" buf ", size_t " buflen ,
+.BI " struct hostent **" result ", int *" h_errnop );
+.sp
+.BI "int gethostbyname_r(const char *" name ,
.BI " struct hostent *" ret ", char *" buf ", size_t " buflen ,
.BI " struct hostent **" result ", int *" h_errnop );
.sp
-.BI "int gethostbyname2_r (const char *" name ", int " af,
+.BI "int gethostbyname2_r(const char *" name ", int " af,
.BI " struct hostent *" ret ", char *" buf ", size_t " buflen ,
.BI " struct hostent **" result ", int *" h_errnop );
.fi
.SH DESCRIPTION
-The \fBgethostbyname()\fP function returns a structure of type \fIhostent\fP
-for the given host \fIname\fP. Here \fIname\fP is either a host name, or
-an IPv4 address in standard dot notation, or an IPv6 address in colon
-(and possibly dot) notation. (See RFC 1884 for the description of IPv6
-addresses.)
+The
+.BR gethostbyname ()
+function returns a structure of type
+.I hostent
+for the given host
+.IR name .
+Here
+.I name
+is either a host name, or an IPv4 address in standard dot notation,
+or an IPv6 address in colon (and possibly dot) notation.
+(See RFC 1884 for the description of IPv6 addresses.)
If
.I name
is an IPv4 or IPv6 address, no lookup is performed and
field of the returned
.I hostent
structure.
-If \fIname\fP doesn't end in a dot
-and the environment variable \fBHOSTALIASES\fP is set, the alias file
-pointed to by \fBHOSTALIASES\fP will first be searched for \fIname\fP
+If
+.I name
+doesn't end in a dot and the environment variable
+.B HOSTALIASES
+is set, the alias file pointed to by
+.B HOSTALIASES
+will first be searched for
+.I name
(see
.BR hostname (7)
for the file format).
.PP
The domain name queries carried out by \fBgethostbyname()\fP and
\fBgethostbyaddr()\fP use a combination of any or all of the name server
-\fBnamed\fP(8), a broken out line from \fI/etc/hosts\fP, and the Network
+.BR named (8),
+a broken out line from \fI/etc/hosts\fP, and the Network
Information Service (NIS or YP), depending upon the contents of the
-\fIorder\fP line in \fI/etc/host.conf\fP. (See
+\fIorder\fP line in
+.IR /etc/host.conf .
+(See
.BR resolv+ (8)).
-The default action is to query \fBnamed\fP(8), followed by
-\fI/etc/hosts\fP.
+The default action is to query
+.BR named (8),
+followed by
+.IR /etc/hosts .
.PP
The \fIhostent\fP structure is defined in \fI<netdb.h>\fP as follows:
.sp
.I h_addr
The first address in \fIh_addr_list\fP for backward compatibility.
.SH "RETURN VALUE"
-The \fBgethostbyname()\fP and \fBgethostbyaddr()\fP functions return the
-\fIhostent\fP structure or a NULL pointer if an error occurs. On error,
-the \fIh_errno\fP variable holds an error number.
-When non-NULL, the return value may point at static data, see the Notes below.
+The
+.BR gethostbyname ()
+and
+.BR gethostbyaddr()
+functions return the
+.I hostent
+structure or a NULL pointer if an error occurs. On error, the
+.I h_errno
+variable holds an error number.
+When non-NULL, the return value may point at static data, see the notes below.
.SH ERRORS
The variable \fIh_errno\fP can have the following values:
.TP
host database file
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
BSD 4.3.
-.SH NOTES
-The SUS-v2 standard is buggy and declares the
-.I len
-parameter of
-.B gethostbyaddr()
-to be of type
-.IR size_t .
-(That is wrong, because it has to be
-.IR int ,
-and
-.I size_t
-is not. POSIX 1003.1-2001 makes it
-.IR socklen_t ,
-which is OK.)
-.LP
-The BSD prototype for
-.B gethostbyaddr()
-uses
-.I const char *
-for the first argument.
-.LP
-The functions
-.BR gethostbyname ()
-and
-.BR gethostbyaddr ()
-may return pointers to static data, which may be overwritten by
-later calls. Copying the
-.I struct hostent
-does not suffice, since it contains pointers - a deep copy is required.
-.LP
+.SH "SYSV/POSIX EXTENSION"
+POSIX requires the
+.BR gethostent ()
+call, that should return the next entry in the host data base.
+When using DNS/BIND this does not make much sense, but it may
+be reasonable if the host data base is a file that can be read
+line by line. On many systems a routine of this name reads
+from the file
+.IR /etc/hosts .
+.\" e.g. Linux, FreeBSD, Unixware, HP-UX
+It may be available only when the library was built without DNS support.
+.\" e.g. FreeBSD, AIX
+The glibc version will ignore ipv6 entries. This function is not reentrant,
+and glibc adds a reentrant version
+.BR gethostent_r ().
+.SH "GNU EXTENSIONS"
Glibc2 also has a
.B gethostbyname2()
that works like
is modified, but the address of a variable in which to store error numbers
is passed in
.IR h_errnop .
-.PP
+.SH NOTES
+The functions
+.BR gethostbyname ()
+and
+.BR gethostbyaddr ()
+may return pointers to static data, which may be overwritten by
+later calls. Copying the
+.I struct hostent
+does not suffice, since it contains pointers - a deep copy is required.
+.LP
+The SUS-v2 standard is buggy and declares the
+.I len
+parameter of
+.B gethostbyaddr()
+to be of type
+.IR size_t .
+(That is wrong, because it has to be
+.IR int ,
+and
+.I size_t
+is not. POSIX 1003.1-2001 makes it
+.IR socklen_t ,
+which is OK.)
+.LP
+The BSD prototype for
+.B gethostbyaddr()
+uses
+.I const char *
+for the first argument.
+.LP
POSIX 1003.1-2001 marks
.B gethostbyaddr()
and
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR getaddrinfo (3),
.BR getipnodebyaddr (3),
-.BR getipnodebyaddr (3),
+.BR getipnodebyname (3),
.BR getnameinfo (3),
.BR inet_ntop (3),
.BR inet_pton (3),
--- /dev/null
+.so man3/gethostbyname.3
--- /dev/null
+.so man3/gethostbyname.3
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
--- /dev/null
+.so man3/setnetgrent.3
--- /dev/null
+.so man3/setnetgrent.3
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
grantpt \- grant access to the slave pseudotty
.SH SYNOPSIS
.nf
+.B #define _XOPEN_SOURCE
+.br
.B #include <stdlib.h>
.sp
.BI "int grantpt(int " fd ");"
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
--- /dev/null
+.\" Copyright 2004 Andries Brouwer <aeb@cwi.nl>.
+.\"
+.\" Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
+.\" manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
+.\" preserved on all copies.
+.\"
+.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
+.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
+.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
+.\"
+.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
+.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
+.\" responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from
+.\" the use of the information contained herein. The author(s) may not
+.\" have taken the same level of care in the production of this manual,
+.\" which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working
+.\" professionally.
+.\"
+.\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by
+.\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work.
+.\"
+.\" Inspired by a page by Walter Harms created 2002-08-10
+.\"
+.TH ILOGB 3 2004-10-31 "" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
+.SH NAME
+ilogb, ilogbf, ilogbl \- get integer exponent of a floating point value
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.B #include <math.h>
+.sp
+.BI "int ilogb(double " x );
+.br
+.BI "int ilogbf(float " x );
+.br
+.BI "int ilogbl(long double " x );
+.sp
+Link with \-lm.
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+These functions return the exponent part of their argument
+as a signed integer. When no error occurs, these functions
+are equivalent to the corresponding
+.B logb()
+functions, cast to (int).
+An error will occur for zero and infinity and NaN,
+and possibly for overflow.
+.\" .SH "RETURN VALUE"
+.\" These functions return the exponent part of their argument
+.\" as a signed integer.
+.SH ERRORS
+In order to check for errors, set
+.I errno
+to zero and call
+.I feclearexcept(FE_ALL_EXCEPT)
+before calling these functions. On return, if
+.I errno
+is non-zero or
+.I fetestexcept(FE_INVALID | FE_DIVBYZERO | FE_OVERFLOW | FE_UNDERFLOW)
+is non-zero, an error has occurred.
+.LP
+If an error occurs and
+.I "(math_errhandling & MATH_ERRNO)"
+is non-zero, then
+.I errno
+is set to
+.BR EDOM .
+If an error occurs and
+.I "(math_errhandling & MATH_ERREXCEPT)"
+is non-zero, then the invalid floating-point exception is raised.
+.LP
+A domain error occurs when
+.I x
+is zero or infinite (or too large, or too small) or NaN.
+If
+.I x
+is zero, the constant
+.B FP_ILOGB0
+is returned.
+.\" glibc: The numeric value is either `INT_MIN' or `-INT_MAX'.
+If
+.I x
+is NaN, the constant
+.B FP_ILOGBNAN
+is returned.
+.\" glibc: The numeric value is either `INT_MIN' or `INT_MAX'.
+If
+.I x
+is infinite (or too large), INT_MAX is returned.
+If
+.I x
+is too small, INT_MIN is returned.
+.SH "CONFORMING TO"
+ISO C99
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+.BR log (3),
+.BR logb (3)
--- /dev/null
+.so man3/ilogb.3
--- /dev/null
+.so man3/ilogb.3
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
--- /dev/null
+.so man3/setnetgrent.3
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.TP
.B "isblank()"
checks for a blank character; that is, a space or a tab.
-This function is a GNU extension.
.TP
.B "iscntrl()"
checks for a control character.
ANSI - C, BSD 4.3.
\fBisascii()\fP is a BSD extension
and is also an SVID extension.
-\fBisblank()\fP is a GNU extension.
+\fBisblank()\fP conforms to ISO C99 7.4.1.3.
.SH NOTE
The details of what characters belong into which class depend on the current
locale. For example,
-.\" Copyright 1993 David Metcalfe (david@prism.demon.co.uk)
-.\"
-.\" Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
-.\" manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
-.\" preserved on all copies.
-.\"
-.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
-.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
-.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
-.\"
-.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
-.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
-.\" responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from
-.\" the use of the information contained herein. The author(s) may not
-.\" have taken the same level of care in the production of this manual,
-.\" which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working
-.\" professionally.
-.\"
-.\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by
-.\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work.
-.\"
-.\" References consulted:
-.\" Linux libc source code
-.\" Lewine's _POSIX Programmer's Guide_ (O'Reilly & Associates, 1991)
-.\" 386BSD man pages
-.\" Modified 1993-07-24 by Rik Faith (faith@cs.unc.edu)
-.\" Modified 2002-07-27 by Walter Harms
-.\" (walter.harms@informatik.uni-oldenburg.de)
-.TH ISINF 3 2002-07-27 "" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
-.SH NAME
-isinf, isnan, finite \- test for infinity or not-a-number (NaN)
-.SH SYNOPSIS
-.nf
-.B #include <math.h>
-.sp
-.BI "int isinf(double " value );
-.sp
-.BI "int isnan(double " value );
-.sp
-.BI "int finite(double " value );
-.fi
-.sp
-Link with \-lm.
-.SH DESCRIPTION
-The \fBisinf()\fP function returns \-1 if \fIvalue\fP represents negative
-infinity, 1 if \fIvalue\fP represents positive infinity, and 0 otherwise.
-.PP
-The \fBisnan()\fP function returns a non-zero value if \fIvalue\fP is
-"not-a-number" (NaN), and 0 otherwise.
-.PP
-The \fBfinite()\fP function returns a non-zero value if \fIvalue\fP is
-neither infinite nor a "not-a-number" (NaN) value, and 0 otherwise.
-.SH NOTE
-C99 provides additional macros, such as the type-independent
-.BR fpclassify() ,
-.BR isinf()
-and
-.BR isnan() .
-.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-BSD 4.3
-.SH "SEE ALSO"
-.BR fpclassify (3)
+.so man3/fpclassify.3
--- /dev/null
+.so man3/finite.3
--- /dev/null
+.so man3/finite.3
-.so man3/isinf.3
+.so man3/fpclassify.3
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
--- /dev/null
+.so man3/drand48_r.3
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
--- /dev/null
+.so man3/drand48_r.3
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Linux libc source code
.\" Lewine's _POSIX Programmer's Guide_ (O'Reilly & Associates, 1991)
.\" 386BSD man pages
-.\" Modified Sat Jul 24 19:03:43 1993 by Rik Faith (faith@cs.unc.edu)
-.TH LDEXP 3 2003-11-18 "" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
+.\" Modified 1993-07-24 by Rik Faith (faith@cs.unc.edu)
+.\" Modified 2004-10-31 by aeb
+.\"
+.TH LDEXP 3 2004-10-31 "" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH NAME
ldexp, ldexpf, ldexpl \- multiply floating-point number by integral power of 2
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B #include <math.h>
.sp
.BI "double ldexp(double " x ", int " exp );
-.sp
-.BI "float ldexp(float " x ", int " exp );
-.sp
-.BI "long double ldexp(long double " x ", int " exp );
+.br
+.BI "float ldexpf(float " x ", int " exp );
+.br
+.BI "long double ldexpl(long double " x ", int " exp );
.fi
.sp
Link with \-lm.
The float and the long double variants are C99 requirements.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR frexp (3),
-.BR modf (3)
+.BR modf (3),
+.BR scalb (3)
(Similarly, \fBlgammaf()\fP returns HUGE_VALF and \fBlgammal()\fP returns
HUGE_VALL.)
.SH ERRORS
-An application wishing to check for error situations should set
+In order to check for errors, set
.I errno
to zero and call
.I feclearexcept(FE_ALL_EXCEPT)
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Modified 2002-07-27 by Walter Harms
.\" (walter.harms@informatik.uni-oldenburg.de)
.\"
-.TH EXP 3 2002-07-27 "" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
+.TH LOG2 3 2002-07-27 "" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH NAME
log2, log2f, log2l \- base-2 logarithmic function
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B #include <math.h>
.sp
.BI "double log2(double " x );
-.sp
+.br
.BI "float log2f(float " x );
-.sp
+.br
.BI "long double log2l(long double " x );
.fi
.sp
--- /dev/null
+.\" Copyright 2004 Andries Brouwer <aeb@cwi.nl>.
+.\"
+.\" Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
+.\" manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
+.\" preserved on all copies.
+.\"
+.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
+.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
+.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
+.\"
+.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
+.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
+.\" responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from
+.\" the use of the information contained herein. The author(s) may not
+.\" have taken the same level of care in the production of this manual,
+.\" which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working
+.\" professionally.
+.\"
+.\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by
+.\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work.
+.\"
+.\" Inspired by a page by Walter Harms created 2002-08-10
+.\"
+.TH LOGB 3 2004-10-31 "" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
+.SH NAME
+logb, logbf, logbl \- get exponent of a floating point value
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.B #include <math.h>
+.sp
+.BI "double logb(double " x );
+.br
+.BI "float logbf(float " x );
+.br
+.BI "long double logbl(long double " x );
+.sp
+Link with \-lm.
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+These functions extract the exponent of
+.I x
+and return it as a floating-point value. If
+.B FLT_RADIX
+is two,
+.BI logb( x )
+is equal to
+.BI floor(log2( x ))\fR,
+except it's probably faster.
+.LP
+If
+.I x
+is de-normalized,
+.B logb()
+returns the exponent
+.I x
+would have if it were normalized.
+.LP
+If
+.I x
+is zero, -HUGE_VAL (resp. -HUGE_VALF, -HUGE_VALL)
+is returned, and a pole error occurs.
+If
+.I x
+is infinite, plus infinity is returned.
+If
+.I x
+is NaN, NaN is returned.
+.\" .SH "RETURN VALUE"
+.\" These functions return the exponent part of their argument.
+.SH ERRORS
+In order to check for errors, set
+.I errno
+to zero and call
+.I feclearexcept(FE_ALL_EXCEPT)
+before calling these functions. On return, if
+.I errno
+is non-zero or
+.I fetestexcept(FE_INVALID | FE_DIVBYZERO | FE_OVERFLOW | FE_UNDERFLOW)
+is non-zero, an error has occurred.
+.LP
+If an error occurs and
+.I "(math_errhandling & MATH_ERRNO)"
+is non-zero, then
+.I errno is set to
+.BR ERANGE .
+If an error occurs and
+.I "(math_errhandling & MATH_ERREXCEPT)"
+is non-zero, then the divide-by-zero floating-point exception is raised.
+.LP
+A pole error occurs when
+.I x
+is zero.
+.SH HISTORY
+The
+.B logb
+function occurs in BSD 4.3.
+.\" see IEEE.3 in the BSD 4.3 manual
+.SH "CONFORMING TO"
+ISO C99
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+.BR log (3),
+.BR ilogb (3)
--- /dev/null
+.so man3/logb.3
--- /dev/null
+.so man3/logb.3
--- /dev/null
+.so man3/drand48_r.3
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
--- /dev/null
+.so man3/drand48_r.3
--- /dev/null
+.so man3/drand48_r.3
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.BI "int login_tty(int " fd );
.sp
.BI "pid_t forkpty(int *" amaster ", char *" name ", struct termios *" termp ", struct winsize *" winp );
+.sp
+Link with -lutil.
.SH DESCRIPTION
The
.B openpty()
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
ptsname \- get the name of the slave pseudotty
.SH SYNOPSIS
.nf
+.B #define _XOPEN_SOURCE
+.br
.B #include <stdlib.h>
.sp
.BI "char *ptsname(int " fd ");"
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
--- /dev/null
+.\" Copyright 2002 Walter Harms (walter.harms@informatik.uni-oldenburg.de)
+.\" Distributed under GPL
+.\" based on glibc infopages
+.\" polished, aeb
+.TH REMQUO 3 2002-08-10 "gnu" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
+.SH NAME
+remquo, remquof, remquol \- remainder and part of quotient
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.nf
+#define _ISOC99_SOURCE
+.br
+.B #include <math.h>
+.sp
+.BI "double remquo(double " x ", double " y ", int *" quo );
+.sp
+.BI "float remquof(float " x ", float " y ", int *" quo );
+.sp
+.BI "long double remquol(long double " x ", long double " y ", int *" quo );
+.sp
+.fi
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+These functions compute the remainder and part of the quotient
+upon division of
+.I x
+by
+.IR y .
+A few bits of the quotient are stored via the
+.I quo
+pointer. The remainder is returned as function value.
+
+The value of the remainder is the same as that computed by the
+.BR remainder (3)
+function.
+
+The value stored via the
+.I quo
+pointer has the sign of
+.IR x / y
+and agrees with the quotient in at least the low order 3 bits.
+
+For example, remquo(29.0,3.0) returns \-1.0 and might store 2.
+Note that the actual quotient might not fit in an integer.
+
+.\" A possible application of this function might be the computation
+.\" of sin(x). Compute remquo(x, pi/2, &quo) or so.
+.\"
+.\" glibc, UnixWare: return 3 bits
+.\" MacOS 10: return 7 bits
+.SH "CONFORMING TO"
+C99
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+.BR fmod (3),
+.BR logb (3),
+.BR remainder (3)
--- /dev/null
+.so man3/remquo.3
--- /dev/null
+.so man3/remquo.3
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Linux libc source code
.\" Lewine's _POSIX Programmer's Guide_ (O'Reilly & Associates, 1991)
.\" 386BSD man pages
-.\" Modified Sun Jul 25 11:01:53 1993 by Rik Faith (faith@cs.unc.edu)
-.TH RESOLVER 3 1993-05-21 "BSD" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
+.\" Modified 1993-07-25 by Rik Faith (faith@cs.unc.edu)
+.\" Modified 2004-10-31 by aeb
+.\"
+.TH RESOLVER 3 2004-10-31 "BSD" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH NAME
res_init, res_query, res_search, res_querydomain, res_mkquery, res_send,
dn_comp, dn_expand \- resolver routines
.BI "int " length );
.RE
.fi
+.sp
+Link with \-lresolv.
.SH DESCRIPTION
These functions make queries to and interpret the responses from Internet
domain name servers.
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
--- /dev/null
+.\" Copyright 2004 Andries Brouwer <aeb@cwi.nl>.
+.\"
+.\" Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
+.\" manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
+.\" preserved on all copies.
+.\"
+.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
+.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
+.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
+.\"
+.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
+.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
+.\" responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from
+.\" the use of the information contained herein. The author(s) may not
+.\" have taken the same level of care in the production of this manual,
+.\" which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working
+.\" professionally.
+.\"
+.\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by
+.\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work.
+.\"
+.TH SCALB 3 2004-10-31 "" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
+.SH NAME
+scalb, scalbf, scalbl, scalbn, scalbnf, scalbnl, scalbln, scalblnf, scalblnl \-
+multiply floating-point number by integral power of radix
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.B #include <math.h>
+.sp
+.BI "double scalb(double " x ", double " exp );
+.br
+.BI "float scalbf(float " x ", double " exp );
+.br
+.BI "long double scalbl(long double " x ", double " exp );
+.sp
+.BI "double scalbn(double " x ", int " exp );
+.br
+.BI "float scalbnf(float " x ", int " exp );
+.br
+.BI "long double scalbnl(long double " x ", int " exp );
+.sp
+.BI "double scalbln(double " x ", long int " exp );
+.br
+.BI "float scalblnf(float " x ", long int " exp );
+.br
+.BI "long double scalblnl(long double " x ", long int " exp );
+.sp
+Link with -lm.
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+These functions multiply their first argument
+.I x
+by FLT_RADIX (probably 2) to the power
+.IR exp .
+
+If FLT_RADIX equals 2, then
+.B scalbn()
+is equivalent to
+.BR ldexp() .
+
+The value of FLT_RADIX is found in
+.I <float.h>.
+.\" not in /usr/include but in a gcc lib
+.SH "CONFORMING TO"
+The
+.B scalb()
+function is from BSD 4.3.
+The
+.B scalbn()
+and
+.B scalbln()
+functions are from C99.
+All three are in POSIX 1003.1-2003. The
+.B scalb()
+function is marked obsolescent.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+.BR ldexp (3)
--- /dev/null
+.so man3/scalb.3
--- /dev/null
+.so man3/scalb.3
--- /dev/null
+.so man3/scalb.3
--- /dev/null
+.so man3/scalb.3
--- /dev/null
+.so man3/scalb.3
--- /dev/null
+.so man3/scalb.3
--- /dev/null
+.so man3/scalb.3
--- /dev/null
+.so man3/scalb.3
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
--- /dev/null
+.so man3/drand48_r.3
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
--- /dev/null
+.\" Copyright 2002 walter harms (walter.harms@informatik.uni-oldenburg.de)
+.\" Distributed under GPL
+.\" based on glibc infopages
+.\" polished - aeb
+.TH SETNETGRENT 3 2002-08-20 "GNU" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
+.SH NAME
+setnetgrent, endnetgrent, getnetgrent, getnetgrent_r, innetgr \-
+handle network group entries
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.B #include <netdb.h>
+.sp
+.BI "int setnetgrent(const char *" netgroup );
+.br
+.BI "void endnetgrent(void);"
+.br
+.BI "int getnetgrent(char **" host ", char **" user ", char **" domain );
+.sp
+.BI "int getnetgrent_r(char **" host ", char **" user ","
+.in +18
+.BI "char **" domain ", char *" buf ", int " buflen );
+.in -18
+.sp
+.BI "int innetgr(const char *" netgroup ", const char *" host ","
+.in +12
+.BI "const char *" user ", const char *" domain );
+.in -12
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+The
+.B netgroup
+is a SunOS invention. A netgroup database is a list of string triples
+.BR (hostname "," username "," domainname)
+or other netgroup names. Any of the elements in a triple can be empty,
+which means that anything matches.
+The functions described here allow access to the netgroup databases.
+The file
+.I /etc/nsswitch.conf
+defines what database is searched.
+.PP
+The
+.B setnetgrent()
+call defines the netgroup that will be searched by subsequent
+.B getnetgrent()
+calls. The
+.B getnetgrent()
+function retrieves the next netgroup entry, and returns pointers in
+.IR host ,
+.IR user ,
+.IR domain .
+A NULL pointer means that the corresponding entry matches any string.
+The pointers are valid only as long as there is no call to other
+netgroup related functions.
+To avoid this problem you can use the GNU function
+.B getnetgrent_r()
+that stores the strings in the supplied buffer.
+To free all allocated buffers use
+.BR endnetgrent() .
+.PP
+In most cases you only want to check if the triplet
+.BR (hostname "," username "," domainname)
+is a member of a netgroup. The function
+.B innetgr()
+can be used for this without calling the above three functions.
+Again, a NULL pointer is a wildcard and matches any string.
+The function is thread-safe.
+.SH FILES
+.I /etc/netgroup
+.br
+.I /etc/nsswitch.conf
+.SH "RETURN VALUES"
+These functions return 1 on success and 0 for failure.
+.SH NOTES
+In the BSD implementation,
+.B setnetgrent()
+returns void.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+.BR sethostent (3),
+.BR setservent (3),
+.BR setprotoent (3)
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
--- /dev/null
+.\" Copyright 2002 Walter Harms (walter.harms@informatik.uni-oldenburg.de)
+.\" Distributed under GPL
+.\" based on glibc infopages
+.TH SIGNIFICAND 3 2002-08-10 "gnu" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
+.SH NAME
+significand, significandf, significandl \-
+get mantissa of floating point number
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.B #include <math.h>
+.sp
+.BI "double significand(double " x );
+.br
+.BI "float significandf(float " x );
+.br
+.BI "long double significandl(long double " x );
+.sp
+Link with \-lm.
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+The
+.B significand()
+function returns the mantissa of
+.I x
+scaled to the range [1,2).
+It is equivalent to
+.sp
+.in +8
+scalb(x, (double) -ilogb(x))
+.in -8
+.PP
+This function exists mainly for use in certain standardized tests
+for IEEE 754 conformance.
+.SH HISTORY
+This function came from BSD.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+.BR ilogb (3),
+.BR scalb (3)
--- /dev/null
+.so man3/significand.3
--- /dev/null
+.so man3/significand.3
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
--- /dev/null
+.so man3/drand48_r.3
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111,
.\" USA.
.\"
-.\" Modified Sat Jul 24 15:37:39 1993 by Rik Faith (faith@cs.unc.edu)
-.\" Modified Sat Feb 25 18:17:14 1995 by Jim Van Zandt <jrv@vanzandt.mv.com>
-.\" Modified Sat Sep 2 22:33:09 1995 by Jim Van Zandt <jrv@vanzandt.mv.com>
+.\" Modified 1993-07-24 by Rik Faith <faith@cs.unc.edu>
+.\" Modified 1995-02-25 by Jim Van Zandt <jrv@vanzandt.mv.com>
+.\" Modified 1995-09-02 by Jim Van Zandt <jrv@vanzandt.mv.com>
.\" moved to man3, aeb, 950919
-.\" Modified Sat 22 Sep 2001 by Michael Kerrisk <mtk16@ext.canterbury.ac.nz>
+.\" Modified 2001-09-22 by Michael Kerrisk <mtk16@ext.canterbury.ac.nz>
.\" Modified 2001-12-17, aeb
+.\" Modified 2004-10-31, aeb
.\"
-.TH TERMIOS 3 2001-12-17 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
+.TH TERMIOS 3 2004-10-31 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH NAME
termios, tcgetattr, tcsetattr, tcsendbreak, tcdrain, tcflush, tcflow,
-cfmakeraw, cfgetospeed, cfgetispeed, cfsetispeed, cfsetospeed \- get and set
-terminal attributes, line control, get and set baud rate
+cfmakeraw, cfgetospeed, cfgetispeed, cfsetispeed, cfsetospeed, cfsetspeed \-
+get and set terminal attributes, line control, get and set baud rate
.SH SYNOPSIS
.ad l
.ft B
.sp
.BI "int tcflow(int " fd ", int " action );
.sp
-.BI "int cfmakeraw(struct termios *" termios_p );
+.BI "void cfmakeraw(struct termios *" termios_p );
.sp
.BI "speed_t cfgetispeed(const struct termios *" termios_p );
.sp
.IR speed .
If the input baud rate is set to zero, the input baud rate will be
equal to the output baud rate.
+.LP
+.B cfsetspeed()
+is a 4.4 BSD extension. It will set both input and output speed.
.SH "RETURN VALUE"
.LP
.B cfgetispeed()
.I gamma()
that returns something else.
.SH ERRORS
-An application wishing to check for error situations should set
+In order to check for errors, set
.I errno
to zero and call
.I feclearexcept(FE_ALL_EXCEPT)
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
#include <stdio.h>
#include <time.h>
- void *root=NULL;
+ void *root = NULL;
void *xmalloc(unsigned n) {
void *p;
p = malloc(n);
- if(p) return p;
+ if (p) return p;
fprintf(stderr, "insufficient memory\\n");
exit(1);
}
int compare(const void *pa, const void *pb) {
- if(*(int *)pa < *(int *)pb) return -1;
- if(*(int *)pa > *(int *)pb) return 1;
+ if (*(int *)pa < *(int *)pb) return -1;
+ if (*(int *)pa > *(int *)pb) return 1;
return 0;
}
ptr = (int *)xmalloc(sizeof(int));
*ptr = rand()&0xff;
val = tsearch((void *)ptr, &root, compare);
- if(val == NULL) exit(1);
+ if (val == NULL) exit(1);
}
twalk(root, action);
return 0;
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by
.\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work.
.\"
-.\" Corrections, 961108, meem@sherilyn.wustl.edu
-.\"
-.\" "
-.TH UNDOCUMENTED 3 2001-09-24 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
+.\" 1996-11-08, meem@sherilyn.wustl.edu, corrections
+.\" 2004-10-31, aeb, changed maintainer address, updated list
+.\"
+.TH UNDOCUMENTED 3 2004-10-31 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH NAME
none \- undocumented library functions
.SH SYNOPSIS
If you have information about these functions,
please look in the source code, write a man page (using a style
similar to that of the other Linux section 3 man pages), and send it to
-.B aeb@cwi.nl
+.B mtk-manpages@gmx.net
for inclusion in the next man page release.
.SH "THE LIST"
+authdes_create
+authdes_getucred
+authdes_pk_create
backtrace
backtrace_symbols
backtrace_symbols_fd
canonicalize_file_name
-cfsetspeed
+chflags
+clntunix_create
+creat64
dn_skipname
-endnetgrent
+fattach
+fchflags
fclean
fcrypt
+fdetach
+fexecve
fmemopen
fopencookie
fp_nquery
fp_resstat
freadable
freading
+freeifaddrs
+freopen64
+fseeko64
fstatvfs
+ftello64
+ftw64
fwriteable
fwriting
+fwscanf
get_avphys_pages
+getdirentries64
getgrid_r
getgrname_r
getgrouplist
-getnetgrent
-getnetgrent_r
+getmsg
getnetname
get_nprocs
get_nprocs_conf
if_indextoname
if_nameindex
if_nametoindex
-ilogb
inet_nsap_addr
inet_nsap_ntoa
init_des
initstate_r
-innetgr
libc_nls_init
lio_listio
-logb
mallinfo
mallopt
mcheck
setfileno
sethostfile
setkey_r
-setnetgrent
setstate_r
statvfs
strchrnul
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
unlockpt \- unlock a pseudotty master/slave pair
.SH SYNOPSIS
.nf
+.B #define _XOPEN_SOURCE
+.br
.B #include <stdlib.h>
.sp
.BI "int unlockpt(int " fd ");"
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
by the system or another process, and the implementation
considers this an error.
.TP 7
-.B EEXIST]\ or\ [ENOTEMPTY
+.B EEXIST \fRor\fP ENOTEMPTY
.sp
The link named by \fInew\fP is a directory that is not an empty directory.
.TP 7
process and the implementation considers this to be an
error.
.TP 7
-.B EEXIST]\ or\ [ENOTEMPTY
+.B EEXIST \fRor\fP ENOTEMPTY
The \fIpath\fP argument names a directory that is not an empty directory,
or there are hard links to the directory other than dot
or a single entry in dot-dot.
.B ENOTDIR
A component of \fIpath\fP is not a directory.
.TP 7
-.B EPERM]\ or\ [EACCES
+.B EPERM \fRor\fP EACCES
.sp
The S_ISVTX flag is set on the parent directory of the directory to
be removed and the caller is not the owner of the directory to
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.B dir_colors
file format as used in the fileutils-4.1 package;
other versions may differ slightly.
-Mail corrections and additions to aeb@cwi.nl.
-Report bugs in the program to fileutils-bugs@gnu.ai.mit.edu.
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" @(#)resolver.5 5.9 (Berkeley) 12/14/89
.\" $Id: resolver.5,v 8.6 1999/05/21 00:01:02 vixie Exp $
.\"
-.TH RESOLV.CONF 5 2004-06-08
+.\" Added ndots remark by Bernhard R. Link - debian bug #182886
+.\"
+.TH RESOLV.CONF 5 2004-10-31
.UC 4
.SH NAME
resolv.conf \- resolver configuration file
This may be changed by listing the desired domain search path
following the \fIsearch\fP keyword with spaces or tabs separating
the names.
-Most resolver queries will be attempted using each component
+Resolver queries having fewer than
+.I ndots
+dots (default is 1) in them will be attempted using each component
of the search path in turn until a match is found.
+For environments with multiple subdomains please read
+.BI "options ndots:" n
+below to avoid man-in-the-middle attacks and unnecessary
+traffic for the root-dns-servers.
+.\" When having a resolv.conv with a line
+.\" search subdomain.domain.tld domain.tld
+.\" and doing a hostlookup, for example by
+.\" ping host.anothersubdomain
+.\" it sends dns-requests for
+.\" host.anothersubdomain.
+.\" host.anothersubdomain.subdomain.domain.tld.
+.\" host.anothersubdomain.domain.tld.
+.\" thus not only causing unnecessary traffic for the root-dns-servers
+.\" but broadcasting information to the outside and making man-in-the-middle
+.\" attacks possible.
Note that this process may be slow and will generate a lot of network
traffic if the servers for the listed domains are not local,
and that queries will time out if no server is available
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111,
.\" USA.
.\"
-.\" Modified Sun Jul 25 10:44:50 1993 by Rik Faith (faith@cs.unc.edu)
-.\" Modified Thu Feb 26 16:08:49 MET 1995 by Michael Haardt
-.\" Modified Sat Jul 20 14:39:03 MET DST 1996 by Michael Haardt
-.\" Modified Wed Jul 2 20:20:53 ART 1997 by Nicolás Lichtmaier <nick@debian.org>
-.TH UTMP 5 1997-07-02 "File formats" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
+.\" Modified 1993-07-25 by Rik Faith (faith@cs.unc.edu)
+.\" Modified 1995-02-26 by Michael Haardt
+.\" Modified 1996-07-20 by Michael Haardt
+.\" Modified 1997-07-02 by Nicolás Lichtmaier <nick@debian.org>
+.\" Modified 2004-10-31 by aeb, following Gwenole Beauchesne
+.TH UTMP 5 2004-10-31 "File formats" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH NAME
utmp, wtmp \- login records
.SH SYNOPSIS
.SH RESTRICTIONS
The file format is machine dependent, so it is recommended that it be
processed only on the machine architecture where it was created.
+.PP
+Note that on platforms which can run both 32-bit and 64-bit applications
+(x86-64, ppc64, s390x, etc.), the sizes of the fields of a struct utmp
+must be the same in 32-bit mode as in 64-bit mode.
+This is achieved by changing the type of
+.I ut_session
+to int32_t, and that of
+.I ut_tv
+to a struct with two int32_t fields
+.I tv_sec
+and
+.IR tv_usec .
+(Thus, in order to fill it, first get the time into a real struct timeval,
+then copy the two fields to
+.IR ut_tv .)
.SH BUGS
This manpage is based on the libc5 one, things may work differently now.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" .B #include <net/netinet.h> -- does not exist anymore
.\" .B #include <linux/errqueue.h> -- never include <linux/foo.h>
.B #include <netinet/in.h>
+.br
+.B #include <netinet/ip.h> \fR/* superset of previous */
.sp
.IB tcp_socket " = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);"
.br
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
--- /dev/null
+.so man8/ld.so.8
--- /dev/null
+.so man8/ld.so.8
.B sync
as found in the file\%utils-4.0 package;
other versions may differ slightly.
-Mail corrections and additions to aeb@cwi.nl.
-Report bugs in the program to fileutils-bugs@gnu.ai.mit.edu.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR sync (2),
.BR halt (8),
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel is constantly changing, this manual page may
.\" be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no responsibility