second, we need to update OMAX and the line indices to account for
the moved data. Bug report and fix from Martin Hamrle
<martin.hamrle@gmail.com>
+
+ 8/3
+ ---
+pcomplete.h
+ - defines for EMPTYCMD ("_EmptycmD_") and DEFAULTCMD ("_DefaultCmD_")
+
+builtins/complete.def
+ - change compopt_builtin to make -E work on the "empty" command
+ completion
+ - fix print_compitem and print_compopts to replace EMPTYCMD with -E
+ - added -D (default) option to complete/compgen/compopt. No supporting
+ code yet
+
+doc/bash.1,lib/readline/doc/rluser.texi
+ - document new -D, -E options to compopt
+ - document new -D option to complete/compgen
+
+shell.h
+ - new define, EX_WEXPCOMSUB, value of 125
+ - new define, EX_RETRYFAIL, value of 124 (for programmable completion)
+
+subst.c
+ - use EX_WEXPCOMSUB instead of literal 125 as exit status when a shell
+ invoked to run wordexp(3) with the -n option supplied attempts a
+ command substitution
+
+pcomplete.c
+ - new define, PCOMP_RETRYFAIL, used to indicate a "failure, retry with
+ next completion" status to the programmable completion code
+
+ 8/4
+ ---
+pcomplete.c
+ - changed gen_shell_function_matches to take an extra parameter
+ indicating whether the specified shell function was not found or
+ returned the special "fail/retry" status, and, if it was either,
+ to not bother returning any matches list
+ - changed gen_compspec_completions to take an extra parameter to pass
+ through the "found" status from gen_shell_function_completions
+ - new function gen_progcomp_completions to take care of searching for
+ and evaluating a compspec for a particular word, saving its status,
+ and returning to its caller (programmable_completions) whether or
+ not to retry completion. This function also checks whether a
+ retry changed the compspec associated with a command and short-
+ circuits the retry if it has not
+ - changed programmable_completions to try default completion (if set)
+ if a specific completion was not found for a command
+ - changed programmable_completions to implement "fail/retry" semantics
+ for a shell function that returns 124 and changes the compspec
+ associated with the command. All based on proposal and changes from
+ Behdad Esfahbod (Red Hat bugzilla 475229)
+
+doc/bash.1,lib/readline/doc/rluser.texi
+ - documented new dynamic programmable completion functionality
+
+ 8/5
+ ---
+stringlib.c
+ - first argument to substring() is now `const char *'
+
+externs.h
+ - changed extern declaration for substring()
+
+subst.c
+ - skipsubscript now takes a third FLAGS argument, passes to
+ skip_matched_pair
+ - skip_matched_pair now interprets flags&1 to mean not to parse
+ matched pairs of quotes, backquotes, or shell word expansion
+ constructs
+
+{subst,general,expr}.c
+ - changed skipsubscript() callers
+
+assoc.c
+ - changed assoc_to_assign to double-quote the key if it contains any
+ shell metacharacters
+
+arrayfunc.c
+ - use skipsubscript in quote_assign rather than quote any glob
+ characters in the subscript of an array assignment
+ - in assign_compound_array_list, call skipsubscript with a flags
+ argument of 1 if assigning an associative array to avoid trying
+ to re-parse quoted strings
+
+redir.c
+ - set expanding_redir before expanding body of here documents and
+ here strings to avoid looking for variables in temporary env
+
+ 8/7
+ ---
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - in _rl_dispatch_callback, return value of -3 means that we have
+ added to a key sequence, but there are previous matches in the
+ sequence. Don't call _rl_subseq_result if we get a -3 from a
+ previous context in the chain; just go back up the chain. Report
+ and fix from <freehaha@gmail.com>
+
+bashline.c
+ - fixes to history_completion_generator and bash_dabbrev_expand to
+ make dabbrev-expand inhibit suppressing of appending space char
+ to matches. Have to do it with the generator too because
+ rl_menu_complete turns off suppressing the appended space in
+ set_completion_defaults(). Suggestion from Dan Nicolaescu
+ <dann@ics.uci.edu>
+ - suppress completion match sorting in bash_dabbrev_expand by
+ setting rl_sort_completion_matches = 0. Suggestion from Dan
+ Nicolaescu <dann@ics.uci.edu>
+ - don't qsort history match list in build_history_completion_array
+ if dabbrev_expand_active == 1
+ - start the loop in build_history_completion_array that gathers words
+ from history for possible completions from the end of the list
+ rather than the beginning. It doesn't matter where you start if
+ the results are sorted, and dabbrev-expand is supposed to offer
+ the most recent completions first
+
+ 8/12
+ ----
+execute_cmd.c
+ - change to execute_command_internal to make [[ ... ]] conditional
+ command subject to settings of `set -e' and the ERR trap
- fix clear_hostname_list by setting hostname_list_initialized to 0
after freeing all list members. Fixes bug reported by Freddy
Vulto <fvulto@gmail.com>
+
+lib/readline/display.c
+ - in update_line, if we copy data from one line to another because we
+ are wrapping a multibyte character from, say, the first line to the
+ second, we need to update OMAX and the line indices to account for
+ the moved data. Bug report and fix from Martin Hamrle
+ <martin.hamrle@gmail.com>
+
+ 8/3
+ ---
+pcomplete.h
+ - defines for EMPTYCMD ("_EmptycmD_") and DEFAULTCMD ("_DefaultCmD_")
+
+builtins/complete.def
+ - change compopt_builtin to make -E work on the "empty" command
+ completion
+ - fix print_compitem and print_compopts to replace EMPTYCMD with -E
+ - added -D (default) option to complete/compgen/compopt. No supporting
+ code yet
+
+doc/bash.1,lib/readline/doc/rluser.texi
+ - document new -D, -E options to compopt
+ - document new -D option to complete/compgen
+
+shell.h
+ - new define, EX_WEXPCOMSUB, value of 125
+ - new define, EX_RETRYFAIL, value of 124 (for programmable completion)
+
+subst.c
+ - use EX_WEXPCOMSUB instead of literal 125 as exit status when a shell
+ invoked to run wordexp(3) with the -n option supplied attempts a
+ command substitution
+
+pcomplete.c
+ - new define, PCOMP_RETRYFAIL, used to indicate a "failure, retry with
+ next completion" status to the programmable completion code
+
+ 8/4
+ ---
+pcomplete.c
+ - changed gen_shell_function_matches to take an extra parameter
+ indicating whether the specified shell function was not found or
+ returned the special "fail/retry" status, and, if it was either,
+ to not bother returning any matches list
+ - changed gen_compspec_completions to take an extra parameter to pass
+ through the "found" status from gen_shell_function_completions
+ - new function gen_progcomp_completions to take care of searching for
+ and evaluating a compspec for a particular word, saving its status,
+ and returning to its caller (programmable_completions) whether or
+ not to retry completion. This function also checks whether a
+ retry changed the compspec associated with a command and short-
+ circuits the retry if it has not
+ - changed programmable_completions to try default completion (if set)
+ if a specific completion was not found for a command
+ - changed programmable_completions to implement "fail/retry" semantics
+ for a shell function that returns 124 and changes the compspec
+ associated with the command. All based on proposal and changes from
+ Behdad Esfahbod (Red Hat bugzilla 475229)
+
+doc/bash.1,lib/readline/doc/rluser.texi
+ - documented new dynamic programmable completion functionality
+
+ 8/5
+ ---
+stringlib.c
+ - first argument to substring() is now `const char *'
+
+externs.h
+ - changed extern declaration for substring()
+
+subst.c
+ - skipsubscript now takes a third FLAGS argument, passes to
+ skip_matched_pair
+ - skip_matched_pair now interprets flags&1 to mean not to parse
+ matched pairs of quotes, backquotes, or shell word expansion
+ constructs
+
+{subst,general,expr}.c
+ - changed skipsubscript() callers
+
+assoc.c
+ - changed assoc_to_assign to double-quote the key if it contains any
+ shell metacharacters
+
+arrayfunc.c
+ - use skipsubscript in quote_assign rather than quote any glob
+ characters in the subscript of an array assignment
+ - in assign_compound_array_list, call skipsubscript with a flags
+ argument of 1 if assigning an associative array to avoid trying
+ to re-parse quoted strings
+
+redir.c
+ - set expanding_redir before expanding body of here documents and
+ here strings to avoid looking for variables in temporary env
+
+ 8/7
+ ---
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - in _rl_dispatch_callback, return value of -3 means that we have
+ added to a key sequence, but there are previous matches in the
+ sequence. Don't call _rl_subseq_result if we get a -3 from a
+ previous context in the chain; just go back up the chain. Report
+ and fix from <freehaha@gmail.com>
+
+bashline.c
+ - fixes to history_completion_generator and bash_dabbrev_expand to
+ make dabbrev-expand inhibit suppressing of appending space char
+ to matches. Have to do it with the generator too because
+ rl_menu_complete turns off suppressing the appended space in
+ set_completion_defaults(). Suggestion from Dan Nicolaescu
+ <dann@ics.uci.edu>
+ - suppress completion match sorting in bash_dabbrev_expand by
+ setting rl_sort_completion_matches = 0. Suggestion from Dan
+ Nicolaescu <dann@ics.uci.edu>
+ - don't qsort history match list in build_history_completion_array
+ if dabbrev_expand_active == 1
+ - start the loop in build_history_completion_array that gathers words
+ from history for possible completions from the end of the list
+ rather than the beginning. It doesn't matter where you start if
+ the results are sorted, and dabbrev-expand is supposed to offer
+ the most recent completions first
tests/assoc3.sub f
tests/assoc4.sub f
tests/assoc5.sub f
+tests/assoc6.sub f
tests/braces.tests f
tests/braces.right f
tests/builtins.tests f
/* We have a word of the form [ind]=value */
if ((list->word->flags & W_ASSIGNMENT) && w[0] == '[')
{
- len = skipsubscript (w, 0);
+ len = skipsubscript (w, 0, assoc_p (var) != 0);
/* XXX - changes for `+=' */
if (w[len] != ']' || (w[len+1] != '=' && (w[len+1] != '+' || w[len+2] != '=')))
{
size_t slen;
int saw_eq;
- char *temp, *t;
+ char *temp, *t, *subs;
const char *s, *send;
+ int ss, se;
DECLARE_MBSTATE;
slen = strlen (string);
{
if (*s == '=')
saw_eq = 1;
+ if (saw_eq == 0 && *s == '[') /* looks like a subscript */
+ {
+ ss = s - string;
+ se = skipsubscript (string, ss, 0);
+ subs = substring (s, ss, se);
+ *t++ = '\\';
+ strcpy (t, subs);
+ t += se - ss;
+ *t++ = '\\';
+ *t++ = ']';
+ s += se + 1;
+ free (subs);
+ continue;
+ }
if (saw_eq == 0 && (glob_char_p (s) || isifs (*s)))
*t++ = '\\';
char *akey;
ARRAY_ELEMENT *ae;
- len = skipsubscript (sub, 0);
+ len = skipsubscript (sub, 0, 0);
if (sub[len] != ']' || len == 0)
{
builtin_error ("%s[%s: %s", var->name, sub, _(bash_badsub_errmsg));
if (r == 0)
return 0;
/* Check for a properly-terminated non-blank subscript. */
- len = skipsubscript (t, 0);
+ len = skipsubscript (t, 0, 0);
if (t[len] != ']' || len == 1)
return 0;
for (r = 1; r < len; r++)
return ((char *)NULL);
}
ind = t - s;
- ni = skipsubscript (s, ind);
+ ni = skipsubscript (s, ind, 0);
if (ni <= ind + 1 || s[ni] != ']')
{
err_badarraysub (s);
--- /dev/null
+/* arrayfunc.c -- High-level array functions used by other parts of the shell. */
+
+/* Copyright (C) 2001-2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+ This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+
+ Bash is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ (at your option) any later version.
+
+ Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ along with Bash. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+#include "config.h"
+
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+
+#if defined (HAVE_UNISTD_H)
+# include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#include "bashintl.h"
+
+#include "shell.h"
+#include "pathexp.h"
+
+#include "shmbutil.h"
+
+#include "builtins/common.h"
+
+extern char *this_command_name;
+extern int last_command_exit_value;
+extern int array_needs_making;
+
+static SHELL_VAR *bind_array_var_internal __P((SHELL_VAR *, arrayind_t, char *, char *, int));
+
+static char *quote_assign __P((const char *));
+static void quote_array_assignment_chars __P((WORD_LIST *));
+static char *array_value_internal __P((char *, int, int, int *));
+
+/* Standard error message to use when encountering an invalid array subscript */
+const char * const bash_badsub_errmsg = N_("bad array subscript");
+
+/* **************************************************************** */
+/* */
+/* Functions to manipulate array variables and perform assignments */
+/* */
+/* **************************************************************** */
+
+/* Convert a shell variable to an array variable. The original value is
+ saved as array[0]. */
+SHELL_VAR *
+convert_var_to_array (var)
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+{
+ char *oldval;
+ ARRAY *array;
+
+ oldval = value_cell (var);
+ array = array_create ();
+ if (oldval)
+ array_insert (array, 0, oldval);
+
+ FREE (value_cell (var));
+ var_setarray (var, array);
+
+ /* these aren't valid anymore */
+ var->dynamic_value = (sh_var_value_func_t *)NULL;
+ var->assign_func = (sh_var_assign_func_t *)NULL;
+
+ INVALIDATE_EXPORTSTR (var);
+ if (exported_p (var))
+ array_needs_making++;
+
+ VSETATTR (var, att_array);
+ VUNSETATTR (var, att_invisible);
+
+ return var;
+}
+
+/* Convert a shell variable to an array variable. The original value is
+ saved as array[0]. */
+SHELL_VAR *
+convert_var_to_assoc (var)
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+{
+ char *oldval;
+ HASH_TABLE *hash;
+
+ oldval = value_cell (var);
+ hash = assoc_create (0);
+ if (oldval)
+ assoc_insert (hash, "0", oldval);
+
+ FREE (value_cell (var));
+ var_setassoc (var, hash);
+
+ /* these aren't valid anymore */
+ var->dynamic_value = (sh_var_value_func_t *)NULL;
+ var->assign_func = (sh_var_assign_func_t *)NULL;
+
+ INVALIDATE_EXPORTSTR (var);
+ if (exported_p (var))
+ array_needs_making++;
+
+ VSETATTR (var, att_assoc);
+ VUNSETATTR (var, att_invisible);
+
+ return var;
+}
+
+static SHELL_VAR *
+bind_array_var_internal (entry, ind, key, value, flags)
+ SHELL_VAR *entry;
+ arrayind_t ind;
+ char *key;
+ char *value;
+ int flags;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *dentry;
+ char *newval;
+
+ /* If we're appending, we need the old value of the array reference, so
+ fake out make_variable_value with a dummy SHELL_VAR */
+ if (flags & ASS_APPEND)
+ {
+ dentry = (SHELL_VAR *)xmalloc (sizeof (SHELL_VAR));
+ dentry->name = savestring (entry->name);
+ if (assoc_p (entry))
+ newval = assoc_reference (assoc_cell (entry), key);
+ else
+ newval = array_reference (array_cell (entry), ind);
+ if (newval)
+ dentry->value = savestring (newval);
+ else
+ {
+ dentry->value = (char *)xmalloc (1);
+ dentry->value[0] = '\0';
+ }
+ dentry->exportstr = 0;
+ dentry->attributes = entry->attributes & ~(att_array|att_assoc|att_exported);
+ /* Leave the rest of the members uninitialized; the code doesn't look
+ at them. */
+ newval = make_variable_value (dentry, value, flags);
+ dispose_variable (dentry);
+ }
+ else
+ newval = make_variable_value (entry, value, flags);
+
+ if (entry->assign_func)
+ (*entry->assign_func) (entry, newval, ind, key);
+ else if (assoc_p (entry))
+ assoc_insert (assoc_cell (entry), key, newval);
+ else
+ array_insert (array_cell (entry), ind, newval);
+ FREE (newval);
+
+ return (entry);
+}
+
+/* Perform an array assignment name[ind]=value. If NAME already exists and
+ is not an array, and IND is 0, perform name=value instead. If NAME exists
+ and is not an array, and IND is not 0, convert it into an array with the
+ existing value as name[0].
+
+ If NAME does not exist, just create an array variable, no matter what
+ IND's value may be. */
+SHELL_VAR *
+bind_array_variable (name, ind, value, flags)
+ char *name;
+ arrayind_t ind;
+ char *value;
+ int flags;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *entry;
+
+ entry = var_lookup (name, shell_variables);
+
+ if (entry == (SHELL_VAR *) 0)
+ entry = make_new_array_variable (name);
+ else if (readonly_p (entry) || noassign_p (entry))
+ {
+ if (readonly_p (entry))
+ err_readonly (name);
+ return (entry);
+ }
+ else if (array_p (entry) == 0)
+ entry = convert_var_to_array (entry);
+
+ /* ENTRY is an array variable, and ARRAY points to the value. */
+ return (bind_array_var_internal (entry, ind, 0, value, flags));
+}
+
+SHELL_VAR *
+bind_array_element (entry, ind, value, flags)
+ SHELL_VAR *entry;
+ arrayind_t ind;
+ char *value;
+ int flags;
+{
+ return (bind_array_var_internal (entry, ind, 0, value, flags));
+}
+
+SHELL_VAR *
+bind_assoc_variable (entry, name, key, value, flags)
+ SHELL_VAR *entry;
+ char *name;
+ char *key;
+ char *value;
+ int flags;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *dentry;
+ char *newval;
+
+ if (readonly_p (entry) || noassign_p (entry))
+ {
+ if (readonly_p (entry))
+ err_readonly (name);
+ return (entry);
+ }
+
+ return (bind_array_var_internal (entry, 0, key, value, flags));
+}
+
+/* Parse NAME, a lhs of an assignment statement of the form v[s], and
+ assign VALUE to that array element by calling bind_array_variable(). */
+SHELL_VAR *
+assign_array_element (name, value, flags)
+ char *name, *value;
+ int flags;
+{
+ char *sub, *vname, *akey;
+ arrayind_t ind;
+ int sublen;
+ SHELL_VAR *entry;
+
+ vname = array_variable_name (name, &sub, &sublen);
+
+ if (vname == 0)
+ return ((SHELL_VAR *)NULL);
+
+ if ((ALL_ELEMENT_SUB (sub[0]) && sub[1] == ']') || (sublen <= 1))
+ {
+ free (vname);
+ err_badarraysub (name);
+ return ((SHELL_VAR *)NULL);
+ }
+
+ entry = find_variable (vname);
+
+ if (entry && assoc_p (entry))
+ {
+ sub[sublen-1] = '\0';
+ akey = expand_assignment_string_to_string (sub, 0); /* [ */
+ sub[sublen-1] = ']';
+ if (akey == 0 || *akey == 0)
+ {
+ free (vname);
+ err_badarraysub (name);
+ return ((SHELL_VAR *)NULL);
+ }
+ entry = bind_assoc_variable (entry, vname, akey, value, flags);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ ind = array_expand_index (sub, sublen);
+ if (ind < 0)
+ {
+ free (vname);
+ err_badarraysub (name);
+ return ((SHELL_VAR *)NULL);
+ }
+ entry = bind_array_variable (vname, ind, value, flags);
+ }
+
+ free (vname);
+ return (entry);
+}
+
+/* Find the array variable corresponding to NAME. If there is no variable,
+ create a new array variable. If the variable exists but is not an array,
+ convert it to an indexed array. If FLAGS&1 is non-zero, an existing
+ variable is checked for the readonly or noassign attribute in preparation
+ for assignment (e.g., by the `read' builtin). If FLAGS&2 is non-zero, we
+ create an associative array. */
+SHELL_VAR *
+find_or_make_array_variable (name, flags)
+ char *name;
+ int flags;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+
+ var = find_variable (name);
+
+ if (var == 0)
+ var = (flags & 2) ? make_new_assoc_variable (name) : make_new_array_variable (name);
+ else if ((flags & 1) && (readonly_p (var) || noassign_p (var)))
+ {
+ if (readonly_p (var))
+ err_readonly (name);
+ return ((SHELL_VAR *)NULL);
+ }
+ else if ((flags & 2) && array_p (var))
+ {
+ report_error (_("%s: cannot convert indexed to associative array"), name);
+ return ((SHELL_VAR *)NULL);
+ }
+ else if (array_p (var) == 0 && assoc_p (var) == 0)
+ var = convert_var_to_array (var);
+
+ return (var);
+}
+
+/* Perform a compound assignment statement for array NAME, where VALUE is
+ the text between the parens: NAME=( VALUE ) */
+SHELL_VAR *
+assign_array_from_string (name, value, flags)
+ char *name, *value;
+ int flags;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+ int vflags;
+
+ vflags = 1;
+ if (flags & ASS_MKASSOC)
+ vflags |= 2;
+
+ var = find_or_make_array_variable (name, vflags);
+ if (var == 0)
+ return ((SHELL_VAR *)NULL);
+
+ return (assign_array_var_from_string (var, value, flags));
+}
+
+/* Sequentially assign the indices of indexed array variable VAR from the
+ words in LIST. */
+SHELL_VAR *
+assign_array_var_from_word_list (var, list, flags)
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+ WORD_LIST *list;
+ int flags;
+{
+ register arrayind_t i;
+ register WORD_LIST *l;
+ ARRAY *a;
+
+ a = array_cell (var);
+ i = (flags & ASS_APPEND) ? array_max_index (a) + 1 : 0;
+
+ for (l = list; l; l = l->next, i++)
+ if (var->assign_func)
+ (*var->assign_func) (var, l->word->word, i, 0);
+ else
+ array_insert (a, i, l->word->word);
+ return var;
+}
+
+WORD_LIST *
+expand_compound_array_assignment (var, value, flags)
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+ char *value;
+ int flags;
+{
+ WORD_LIST *list, *nlist;
+ char *val;
+ int ni;
+
+ /* I don't believe this condition is ever true any more. */
+ if (*value == '(') /*)*/
+ {
+ ni = 1;
+ val = extract_array_assignment_list (value, &ni);
+ if (val == 0)
+ return (WORD_LIST *)NULL;
+ }
+ else
+ val = value;
+
+ /* Expand the value string into a list of words, performing all the
+ shell expansions including pathname generation and word splitting. */
+ /* First we split the string on whitespace, using the shell parser
+ (ksh93 seems to do this). */
+ list = parse_string_to_word_list (val, 1, "array assign");
+
+ /* If we're using [subscript]=value, we need to quote each [ and ] to
+ prevent unwanted filename expansion. */
+ if (list)
+ quote_array_assignment_chars (list);
+
+ /* Now that we've split it, perform the shell expansions on each
+ word in the list. */
+ nlist = list ? expand_words_no_vars (list) : (WORD_LIST *)NULL;
+
+ dispose_words (list);
+
+ if (val != value)
+ free (val);
+
+ return nlist;
+}
+
+void
+assign_compound_array_list (var, nlist, flags)
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+ WORD_LIST *nlist;
+ int flags;
+{
+ ARRAY *a;
+ HASH_TABLE *h;
+ WORD_LIST *list;
+ char *w, *val, *nval;
+ int len, iflags;
+ arrayind_t ind, last_ind;
+ char *akey;
+
+ a = (var && array_p (var)) ? array_cell (var) : (ARRAY *)0;
+ h = (var && assoc_p (var)) ? assoc_cell (var) : (HASH_TABLE *)0;
+
+ akey = (char *)0;
+ ind = 0;
+
+ /* Now that we are ready to assign values to the array, kill the existing
+ value. */
+ if ((flags & ASS_APPEND) == 0)
+ {
+ if (array_p (var) && a)
+ array_flush (a);
+ else if (assoc_p (var) && h)
+ assoc_flush (h);
+ }
+
+ last_ind = (a && (flags & ASS_APPEND)) ? array_max_index (a) + 1 : 0;
+
+ for (list = nlist; list; list = list->next)
+ {
+ iflags = flags;
+ w = list->word->word;
+
+ /* We have a word of the form [ind]=value */
+ if ((list->word->flags & W_ASSIGNMENT) && w[0] == '[')
+ {
+ len = skipsubscript (w, 0);
+
+ /* XXX - changes for `+=' */
+ if (w[len] != ']' || (w[len+1] != '=' && (w[len+1] != '+' || w[len+2] != '=')))
+ {
+ if (assoc_p (var))
+ {
+ err_badarraysub (w);
+ continue;
+ }
+ nval = make_variable_value (var, w, flags);
+ if (var->assign_func)
+ (*var->assign_func) (var, nval, last_ind, 0);
+ else
+ array_insert (a, last_ind, nval);
+ FREE (nval);
+ last_ind++;
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ if (len == 1)
+ {
+ err_badarraysub (w);
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ if (ALL_ELEMENT_SUB (w[1]) && len == 2)
+ {
+ if (assoc_p (var))
+ report_error (_("%s: invalid associative array key"), w);
+ else
+ report_error (_("%s: cannot assign to non-numeric index"), w);
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ if (array_p (var))
+ {
+ ind = array_expand_index (w + 1, len);
+ if (ind < 0)
+ {
+ err_badarraysub (w);
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ last_ind = ind;
+ }
+ else if (assoc_p (var))
+ {
+ akey = substring (w, 1, len);
+ if (akey == 0 || *akey == 0)
+ {
+ err_badarraysub (w);
+ continue;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* XXX - changes for `+=' -- just accept the syntax. ksh93 doesn't do this */
+ if (w[len + 1] == '+' && w[len + 2] == '=')
+ {
+ iflags |= ASS_APPEND;
+ val = w + len + 3;
+ }
+ else
+ val = w + len + 2;
+ }
+ else if (assoc_p (var))
+ {
+ report_error (_("%s: %s: must use subscript when assigning associative array"), var->name, w);
+ continue;
+ }
+ else /* No [ind]=value, just a stray `=' */
+ {
+ ind = last_ind;
+ val = w;
+ }
+
+ if (integer_p (var))
+ this_command_name = (char *)NULL; /* no command name for errors */
+ bind_array_var_internal (var, ind, akey, val, iflags);
+ last_ind++;
+ }
+}
+
+/* Perform a compound array assignment: VAR->name=( VALUE ). The
+ VALUE has already had the parentheses stripped. */
+SHELL_VAR *
+assign_array_var_from_string (var, value, flags)
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+ char *value;
+ int flags;
+{
+ WORD_LIST *nlist;
+
+ if (value == 0)
+ return var;
+
+ nlist = expand_compound_array_assignment (var, value, flags);
+ assign_compound_array_list (var, nlist, flags);
+
+ if (nlist)
+ dispose_words (nlist);
+ return (var);
+}
+
+/* Quote globbing chars and characters in $IFS before the `=' in an assignment
+ statement (usually a compound array assignment) to protect them from
+ unwanted filename expansion or word splitting. */
+static char *
+quote_assign (string)
+ const char *string;
+{
+ size_t slen;
+ int saw_eq;
+ char *temp, *t;
+ const char *s, *send;
+ DECLARE_MBSTATE;
+
+ slen = strlen (string);
+ send = string + slen;
+
+ t = temp = (char *)xmalloc (slen * 2 + 1);
+ saw_eq = 0;
+ for (s = string; *s; )
+ {
+ if (*s == '=')
+ saw_eq = 1;
+ if (saw_eq == 0 && (glob_char_p (s) || isifs (*s)))
+ *t++ = '\\';
+
+ COPY_CHAR_P (t, s, send);
+ }
+ *t = '\0';
+ return temp;
+}
+
+/* For each word in a compound array assignment, if the word looks like
+ [ind]=value, quote globbing chars and characters in $IFS before the `='. */
+static void
+quote_array_assignment_chars (list)
+ WORD_LIST *list;
+{
+ char *nword;
+ WORD_LIST *l;
+
+ for (l = list; l; l = l->next)
+ {
+ if (l->word == 0 || l->word->word == 0 || l->word->word[0] == '\0')
+ continue; /* should not happen, but just in case... */
+ /* Don't bother if it doesn't look like [ind]=value */
+ if (l->word->word[0] != '[' || mbschr (l->word->word, '=') == 0) /* ] */
+ continue;
+ nword = quote_assign (l->word->word);
+ free (l->word->word);
+ l->word->word = nword;
+ }
+}
+
+/* skipsubscript moved to subst.c to use private functions. 2009/02/24. */
+
+/* This function is called with SUB pointing to just after the beginning
+ `[' of an array subscript and removes the array element to which SUB
+ expands from array VAR. A subscript of `*' or `@' unsets the array. */
+int
+unbind_array_element (var, sub)
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+ char *sub;
+{
+ int len;
+ arrayind_t ind;
+ char *akey;
+ ARRAY_ELEMENT *ae;
+
+ len = skipsubscript (sub, 0);
+ if (sub[len] != ']' || len == 0)
+ {
+ builtin_error ("%s[%s: %s", var->name, sub, _(bash_badsub_errmsg));
+ return -1;
+ }
+ sub[len] = '\0';
+
+ if (ALL_ELEMENT_SUB (sub[0]) && sub[1] == 0)
+ {
+ unbind_variable (var->name);
+ return (0);
+ }
+
+ if (assoc_p (var))
+ {
+ akey = expand_assignment_string_to_string (sub, 0); /* [ */
+ if (akey == 0 || *akey == 0)
+ {
+ builtin_error ("[%s]: %s", sub, _(bash_badsub_errmsg));
+ return -1;
+ }
+ assoc_remove (assoc_cell (var), akey);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ ind = array_expand_index (sub, len+1);
+ if (ind < 0)
+ {
+ builtin_error ("[%s]: %s", sub, _(bash_badsub_errmsg));
+ return -1;
+ }
+ ae = array_remove (array_cell (var), ind);
+ if (ae)
+ array_dispose_element (ae);
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/* Format and output an array assignment in compound form VAR=(VALUES),
+ suitable for re-use as input. */
+void
+print_array_assignment (var, quoted)
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+ int quoted;
+{
+ char *vstr;
+
+ vstr = array_to_assign (array_cell (var), quoted);
+
+ if (vstr == 0)
+ printf ("%s=%s\n", var->name, quoted ? "'()'" : "()");
+ else
+ {
+ printf ("%s=%s\n", var->name, vstr);
+ free (vstr);
+ }
+}
+
+/* Format and output an associative array assignment in compound form
+ VAR=(VALUES), suitable for re-use as input. */
+void
+print_assoc_assignment (var, quoted)
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+ int quoted;
+{
+ char *vstr;
+
+ vstr = assoc_to_assign (assoc_cell (var), quoted);
+
+ if (vstr == 0)
+ printf ("%s=%s\n", var->name, quoted ? "'()'" : "()");
+ else
+ {
+ printf ("%s=%s\n", var->name, vstr);
+ free (vstr);
+ }
+}
+
+/***********************************************************************/
+/* */
+/* Utility functions to manage arrays and their contents for expansion */
+/* */
+/***********************************************************************/
+
+/* Return 1 if NAME is a properly-formed array reference v[sub]. */
+int
+valid_array_reference (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ char *t;
+ int r, len;
+
+ t = mbschr (name, '['); /* ] */
+ if (t)
+ {
+ *t = '\0';
+ r = legal_identifier (name);
+ *t = '[';
+ if (r == 0)
+ return 0;
+ /* Check for a properly-terminated non-blank subscript. */
+ len = skipsubscript (t, 0);
+ if (t[len] != ']' || len == 1)
+ return 0;
+ for (r = 1; r < len; r++)
+ if (whitespace (t[r]) == 0)
+ return 1;
+ return 0;
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/* Expand the array index beginning at S and extending LEN characters. */
+arrayind_t
+array_expand_index (s, len)
+ char *s;
+ int len;
+{
+ char *exp, *t;
+ int expok;
+ arrayind_t val;
+
+ exp = (char *)xmalloc (len);
+ strncpy (exp, s, len - 1);
+ exp[len - 1] = '\0';
+ t = expand_arith_string (exp, 0);
+ this_command_name = (char *)NULL;
+ val = evalexp (t, &expok);
+ free (t);
+ free (exp);
+ if (expok == 0)
+ {
+ last_command_exit_value = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
+
+ top_level_cleanup ();
+ jump_to_top_level (DISCARD);
+ }
+ return val;
+}
+
+/* Return the name of the variable specified by S without any subscript.
+ If SUBP is non-null, return a pointer to the start of the subscript
+ in *SUBP. If LENP is non-null, the length of the subscript is returned
+ in *LENP. This returns newly-allocated memory. */
+char *
+array_variable_name (s, subp, lenp)
+ char *s, **subp;
+ int *lenp;
+{
+ char *t, *ret;
+ int ind, ni;
+
+ t = mbschr (s, '[');
+ if (t == 0)
+ {
+ if (subp)
+ *subp = t;
+ if (lenp)
+ *lenp = 0;
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ }
+ ind = t - s;
+ ni = skipsubscript (s, ind);
+ if (ni <= ind + 1 || s[ni] != ']')
+ {
+ err_badarraysub (s);
+ if (subp)
+ *subp = t;
+ if (lenp)
+ *lenp = 0;
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ }
+
+ *t = '\0';
+ ret = savestring (s);
+ *t++ = '['; /* ] */
+
+ if (subp)
+ *subp = t;
+ if (lenp)
+ *lenp = ni - ind;
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+/* Return the variable specified by S without any subscript. If SUBP is
+ non-null, return a pointer to the start of the subscript in *SUBP.
+ If LENP is non-null, the length of the subscript is returned in *LENP. */
+SHELL_VAR *
+array_variable_part (s, subp, lenp)
+ char *s, **subp;
+ int *lenp;
+{
+ char *t;
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+
+ t = array_variable_name (s, subp, lenp);
+ if (t == 0)
+ return ((SHELL_VAR *)NULL);
+ var = find_variable (t);
+
+ free (t);
+ return (var == 0 || invisible_p (var)) ? (SHELL_VAR *)0 : var;
+}
+
+/* Return a string containing the elements in the array and subscript
+ described by S. If the subscript is * or @, obeys quoting rules akin
+ to the expansion of $* and $@ including double quoting. If RTYPE
+ is non-null it gets 1 if the array reference is name[*], 2 if the
+ reference is name[@], and 0 otherwise. */
+static char *
+array_value_internal (s, quoted, allow_all, rtype)
+ char *s;
+ int quoted, allow_all, *rtype;
+{
+ int len;
+ arrayind_t ind;
+ char *akey;
+ char *retval, *t, *temp;
+ WORD_LIST *l;
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+
+ var = array_variable_part (s, &t, &len);
+
+ /* Expand the index, even if the variable doesn't exist, in case side
+ effects are needed, like ${w[i++]} where w is unset. */
+#if 0
+ if (var == 0)
+ return (char *)NULL;
+#endif
+
+ if (len == 0)
+ return ((char *)NULL); /* error message already printed */
+
+ /* [ */
+ if (ALL_ELEMENT_SUB (t[0]) && t[1] == ']')
+ {
+ if (rtype)
+ *rtype = (t[0] == '*') ? 1 : 2;
+ if (allow_all == 0)
+ {
+ err_badarraysub (s);
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ }
+ else if (var == 0 || value_cell (var) == 0)
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ else if (array_p (var) == 0 && assoc_p (var) == 0)
+ l = add_string_to_list (value_cell (var), (WORD_LIST *)NULL);
+ else if (assoc_p (var))
+ {
+ l = assoc_to_word_list (assoc_cell (var));
+ if (l == (WORD_LIST *)NULL)
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ l = array_to_word_list (array_cell (var));
+ if (l == (WORD_LIST *)NULL)
+ return ((char *) NULL);
+ }
+
+ if (t[0] == '*' && (quoted & (Q_HERE_DOCUMENT|Q_DOUBLE_QUOTES)))
+ {
+ temp = string_list_dollar_star (l);
+ retval = quote_string (temp);
+ free (temp);
+ }
+ else /* ${name[@]} or unquoted ${name[*]} */
+ retval = string_list_dollar_at (l, quoted);
+
+ dispose_words (l);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ if (rtype)
+ *rtype = 0;
+ if (var == 0 || array_p (var) || assoc_p (var) == 0)
+ {
+ ind = array_expand_index (t, len);
+ if (ind < 0)
+ {
+index_error:
+ if (var)
+ err_badarraysub (var->name);
+ else
+ {
+ t[-1] = '\0';
+ err_badarraysub (s);
+ t[-1] = '['; /* ] */
+ }
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ }
+ }
+ else if (assoc_p (var))
+ {
+ t[len - 1] = '\0';
+ akey = expand_assignment_string_to_string (t, 0); /* [ */
+ t[len - 1] = ']';
+ if (akey == 0 || *akey == 0)
+ goto index_error;
+ }
+
+ if (var == 0)
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ if (array_p (var) == 0 && assoc_p (var) == 0)
+ return (ind == 0 ? value_cell (var) : (char *)NULL);
+ else if (assoc_p (var))
+ retval = assoc_reference (assoc_cell (var), akey);
+ else
+ retval = array_reference (array_cell (var), ind);
+ }
+
+ return retval;
+}
+
+/* Return a string containing the elements described by the array and
+ subscript contained in S, obeying quoting for subscripts * and @. */
+char *
+array_value (s, quoted, rtype)
+ char *s;
+ int quoted, *rtype;
+{
+ return (array_value_internal (s, quoted, 1, rtype));
+}
+
+/* Return the value of the array indexing expression S as a single string.
+ If ALLOW_ALL is 0, do not allow `@' and `*' subscripts. This is used
+ by other parts of the shell such as the arithmetic expression evaluator
+ in expr.c. */
+char *
+get_array_value (s, allow_all, rtype)
+ char *s;
+ int allow_all, *rtype;
+{
+ return (array_value_internal (s, 0, allow_all, rtype));
+}
+
+char *
+array_keys (s, quoted)
+ char *s;
+ int quoted;
+{
+ int len;
+ char *retval, *t, *temp;
+ WORD_LIST *l;
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+
+ var = array_variable_part (s, &t, &len);
+
+ /* [ */
+ if (var == 0 || ALL_ELEMENT_SUB (t[0]) == 0 || t[1] != ']')
+ return (char *)NULL;
+
+ if (array_p (var) == 0 && assoc_p (var) == 0)
+ l = add_string_to_list ("0", (WORD_LIST *)NULL);
+ else if (assoc_p (var))
+ l = assoc_keys_to_word_list (assoc_cell (var));
+ else
+ l = array_keys_to_word_list (array_cell (var));
+ if (l == (WORD_LIST *)NULL)
+ return ((char *) NULL);
+
+ if (t[0] == '*' && (quoted & (Q_HERE_DOCUMENT|Q_DOUBLE_QUOTES)))
+ {
+ temp = string_list_dollar_star (l);
+ retval = quote_string (temp);
+ free (temp);
+ }
+ else /* ${!name[@]} or unquoted ${!name[*]} */
+ retval = string_list_dollar_at (l, quoted);
+
+ dispose_words (l);
+ return retval;
+}
+#endif /* ARRAY_VARS */
extern SHELL_VAR *assign_array_var_from_string __P((SHELL_VAR *, char *, int));
extern int unbind_array_element __P((SHELL_VAR *, char *));
-extern int skipsubscript __P((const char *, int));
+extern int skipsubscript __P((const char *, int, int));
extern void print_array_assignment __P((SHELL_VAR *, int));
extern void print_assoc_assignment __P((SHELL_VAR *, int));
for (i = 0; i < hash->nbuckets; i++)
for (tlist = hash_items (i, hash); tlist; tlist = tlist->next)
{
-#if 0
- istr = sh_double_quote (tlist->key);
+#if 1
+ if (sh_contains_shell_metas (tlist->key))
+ istr = sh_double_quote (tlist->key);
+ else
+ istr = tlist->key;
#else
istr = tlist->key;
#endif
}
ret[rlen++] = ' ';
-#if 0
- FREE (istr);
-#endif
+
+ if (istr != tlist->key)
+ FREE (istr);
+
FREE (vstr);
}
static int dot_in_path = 0;
+/* Set to non-zero when dabbrev-expand is running */
+static int dabbrev_expand_active = 0;
+
/* What kind of quoting is performed by bash_quote_filename:
COMPLETE_DQUOTE = double-quoting the filename
COMPLETE_SQUOTE = single_quoting the filename
if (hlist)
{
for (i = 0; hlist[i]; i++)
+ ;
+ for ( --i; i >= 0; i--)
{
/* Separate each token, and place into an array. */
tokens = history_tokenize (hlist[i]->line);
}
/* Sort the complete list of tokens. */
- qsort (history_completion_array, harry_len, sizeof (char *), (QSFUNC *)strvec_strcmp);
+ if (dabbrev_expand_active == 0)
+ qsort (history_completion_array, harry_len, sizeof (char *), (QSFUNC *)strvec_strcmp);
}
}
list of strings to complete over. */
if (state == 0)
{
+ if (dabbrev_expand_active) /* This is kind of messy */
+ rl_completion_suppress_append = 1;
local_index = 0;
build_history_completion_array ();
text = hint_text;
bash_dabbrev_expand (count, key)
int count, key;
{
- int r;
+ int r, orig_suppress, orig_sort;
rl_compentry_func_t *orig_func;
rl_completion_func_t *orig_attempt_func;
orig_func = rl_menu_completion_entry_function;
orig_attempt_func = rl_attempted_completion_function;
+ orig_suppress = rl_completion_suppress_append;
+ orig_sort = rl_sort_completion_matches;
rl_menu_completion_entry_function = history_completion_generator;
rl_attempted_completion_function = (rl_completion_func_t *)NULL;
rl_filename_completion_desired = 0;
+ rl_completion_suppress_append = 1;
+ rl_sort_completion_matches = 0;
/* XXX - use rl_completion_mode here? */
+ dabbrev_expand_active = 1;
if (rl_last_func == bash_dabbrev_expand)
rl_last_func = rl_menu_complete;
r = rl_menu_complete (count, key);
+ dabbrev_expand_active = 0;
rl_last_func = bash_dabbrev_expand;
rl_menu_completion_entry_function = orig_func;
rl_attempted_completion_function = orig_attempt_func;
+ rl_completion_suppress_append = orig_suppress;
+ rl_sort_completion_matches = orig_sort;
return r;
}
static int dot_in_path = 0;
+/* Set to non-zero when dabbrev-expand is running */
+static int dabbrev_expand_active = 0;
+
/* What kind of quoting is performed by bash_quote_filename:
COMPLETE_DQUOTE = double-quoting the filename
COMPLETE_SQUOTE = single_quoting the filename
return;
for (i = 0; i < hostname_list_length; i++)
free (hostname_list[i]);
- hostname_list_length = 0;
+ hostname_list_length = hostname_list_initialized = 0;
}
/* Return a NULL terminated list of hostnames which begin with TEXT.
if (hlist)
{
for (i = 0; hlist[i]; i++)
+ ;
+ for ( ; i > 0; i--)
{
/* Separate each token, and place into an array. */
tokens = history_tokenize (hlist[i]->line);
}
/* Sort the complete list of tokens. */
- qsort (history_completion_array, harry_len, sizeof (char *), (QSFUNC *)strvec_strcmp);
+ if (dabbrev_expand_active == 0)
+ qsort (history_completion_array, harry_len, sizeof (char *), (QSFUNC *)strvec_strcmp);
}
}
list of strings to complete over. */
if (state == 0)
{
+ if (dabbrev_expand_active) /* This is kind of messy */
+ rl_completion_suppress_append = 1;
local_index = 0;
build_history_completion_array ();
text = hint_text;
bash_dabbrev_expand (count, key)
int count, key;
{
- int r;
+ int r, orig_suppress, orig_sort;
rl_compentry_func_t *orig_func;
rl_completion_func_t *orig_attempt_func;
orig_func = rl_menu_completion_entry_function;
orig_attempt_func = rl_attempted_completion_function;
+ orig_suppress = rl_completion_suppress_append;
+ orig_sort = rl_sort_completion_matches;
rl_menu_completion_entry_function = history_completion_generator;
rl_attempted_completion_function = (rl_completion_func_t *)NULL;
rl_filename_completion_desired = 0;
+ rl_completion_suppress_append = 1;
+ rl_sort_completion_matches = 0;
/* XXX - use rl_completion_mode here? */
+ dabbrev_expand_active = 1;
if (rl_last_func == bash_dabbrev_expand)
rl_last_func = rl_menu_complete;
r = rl_menu_complete (count, key);
+ dabbrev_expand_active = 0;
rl_last_func = bash_dabbrev_expand;
rl_menu_completion_entry_function = orig_func;
rl_attempted_completion_function = orig_attempt_func;
+ rl_completion_suppress_append = orig_suppress;
+ rl_sort_completion_matches = orig_sort;
return r;
}
$BUILTIN complete
$DEPENDS_ON PROGRAMMABLE_COMPLETION
$FUNCTION complete_builtin
-$SHORT_DOC complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] [-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [name ...]
+$SHORT_DOC complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DE] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] [-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [name ...]
Specify how arguments are to be completed by Readline.
For each NAME, specify how arguments are to be completed. If no options
-p print existing completion specifications in a reusable format
-r remove a completion specification for each NAME, or, if no
NAMEs are supplied, all completion specifications
+ -D apply the completions and actions as the default for commands
+ without any specific completion defined
+ -E apply the completions and actions to "empty" commands --
+ completion attempted on a blank line
When completion is attempted, the actions are applied in the order the
-uppercase-letter options are listed above.
+uppercase-letter options are listed above. The -D option takes
+precedence over -E.
Exit Status:
Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or an error occurs.
struct _optflags {
int pflag;
int rflag;
+ int Dflag;
int Eflag;
};
opt_given = 0;
reset_internal_getopt ();
- while ((opt = internal_getopt (list, "abcdefgjko:prsuvA:G:W:P:S:X:F:C:E")) != -1)
+ while ((opt = internal_getopt (list, "abcdefgjko:prsuvA:G:W:P:S:X:F:C:DE")) != -1)
{
opt_given = 1;
switch (opt)
case 'C':
Carg = list_optarg;
break;
+ case 'D':
+ if (flagp)
+ {
+ flagp->Dflag = 1;
+ break;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ sh_invalidopt ("-D");
+ builtin_usage ();
+ return (EX_USAGE);
+ }
case 'E':
if (flagp)
{
return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
}
- opt_given = oflags.pflag = oflags.rflag = oflags.Eflag = 0;
+ opt_given = oflags.pflag = oflags.rflag = oflags.Dflag = oflags.Eflag = 0;
acts = copts = (unsigned long)0L;
Garg = Warg = Parg = Sarg = Xarg = Farg = Carg = (char *)NULL;
list = loptend;
- wl = oflags.Eflag ? make_word_list (make_bare_word ("_EmptycmD_"), (WORD_LIST *)NULL) : 0;
+ wl = oflags.Dflag ? make_word_list (make_bare_word (DEFAULTCMD), (WORD_LIST *)NULL)
+ : (oflags.Eflag ? make_word_list (make_bare_word (EMPTYCMD), (WORD_LIST *)NULL) : 0);
/* -p overrides everything else */
if (oflags.pflag || (list == 0 && opt_given == 0))
/* simple arguments that don't require quoting */
PRINTARG (cs->funcname, "-F");
- printf ("%s\n", cmd);
+ if (STREQ (cmd, EMPTYCMD))
+ printf ("-E\n");
+ else if (STREQ (cmd, DEFAULTCMD))
+ printf ("-D\n");
+ else
+ printf ("%s\n", cmd);
return (0);
}
PRINTCOMPOPT (COPT_PLUSDIRS, "plusdirs");
}
- printf ("%s\n", cmd);
+ if (STREQ (cmd, EMPTYCMD))
+ printf ("-E\n");
+ else if (STREQ (cmd, DEFAULTCMD))
+ printf ("-D\n");
+ else
+ printf ("%s\n", cmd);
}
static int
cs->filterpat = STRDUP (Xarg);
rval = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
- sl = gen_compspec_completions (cs, "compgen", word, 0, 0);
+ sl = gen_compspec_completions (cs, "compgen", word, 0, 0, 0);
/* If the compspec wants the bash default completions, temporarily
turn off programmable completion and call the bash completion code. */
$BUILTIN compopt
$DEPENDS_ON PROGRAMMABLE_COMPLETION
$FUNCTION compopt_builtin
-$SHORT_DOC compopt [-o|+o option] [name ...]
+$SHORT_DOC compopt [-o|+o option] [-DE] [name ...]
Modify or display completion options.
Modify the completion options for each NAME, or, if no NAMEs are supplied,
Options:
-o option Set completion option OPTION for each NAME
+ -D Change options for the "default" command completion
+ -E Change options for the "empty" command completion
Using `+o' instead of `-o' turns off the specified option.
compopt_builtin (list)
WORD_LIST *list;
{
- int opts_on, opts_off, *opts, opt, oind, ret, Eflag;
- WORD_LIST *l;
+ int opts_on, opts_off, *opts, opt, oind, ret, Dflag, Eflag;
+ WORD_LIST *l, *wl;
COMPSPEC *cs;
- opts_on = opts_off = 0;
+ opts_on = opts_off = Eflag = Dflag = 0;
ret = EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
reset_internal_getopt ();
- while ((opt = internal_getopt (list, "+o:")) != EOF)
+ while ((opt = internal_getopt (list, "+o:DE")) != EOF)
{
opts = (list_opttype == '-') ? &opts_on : &opts_off;
}
*opts |= compopts[oind].optflag;
break;
+ case 'D':
+ Dflag = 1;
+ break;
+ case 'E':
+ Eflag = 1;
+ break;
default:
builtin_usage ();
return (EX_USAGE);
}
list = loptend;
- if (list == 0)
+ wl = Dflag ? make_word_list (make_bare_word (DEFAULTCMD), (WORD_LIST *)NULL)
+ : (Eflag ? make_word_list (make_bare_word (EMPTYCMD), (WORD_LIST *)NULL) : 0);
+
+ if (list == 0 && wl == 0)
{
if (RL_ISSTATE (RL_STATE_COMPLETING) == 0 || pcomp_curcs == 0)
{
return (ret);
}
- for (l = list; l; l = l->next)
+ for (l = wl ? wl : list; l; l = l->next)
{
cs = progcomp_search (l->word->word);
if (cs == 0)
the shell is running; the next time hostname completion is
attempted after the value is changed, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh adds the contents of
the new file to the existing list. If H\bHO\bOS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is set, but has
- no value, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts to read _\b/_\be_\bt_\bc_\b/_\bh_\bo_\bs_\bt_\bs to obtain the list of
- possible hostname completions. When H\bHO\bOS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is unset, the
- hostname list is cleared.
+ no value, or does not name a readable file, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts to
+ read _\b/_\be_\bt_\bc_\b/_\bh_\bo_\bs_\bt_\bs to obtain the list of possible hostname comple-
+ tions. When H\bHO\bOS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is unset, the hostname list is cleared.
I\bIF\bFS\bS The _\bI_\bn_\bt_\be_\br_\bn_\ba_\bl _\bF_\bi_\be_\bl_\bd _\bS_\be_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bt_\bo_\br that is used for word splitting
after expansion and to split lines into words with the r\bre\bea\bad\bd
builtin command. The default value is ``<space><tab><new-
the c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be builtin (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below), the pro-
grammable completion facilities are invoked.
- First, the command name is identified. If a compspec has been defined
- for that command, the compspec is used to generate the list of possible
- completions for the word. If the command word is a full pathname, a
- compspec for the full pathname is searched for first. If no compspec
- is found for the full pathname, an attempt is made to find a compspec
- for the portion following the final slash.
+ First, the command name is identified. If the command word is the
+ empty string (completion attempted at the beginning of an empty line),
+ any compspec defined with the -\b-E\bE option to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be is used. If a
+ compspec has been defined for that command, the compspec is used to
+ generate the list of possible completions for the word. If the command
+ word is a full pathname, a compspec for the full pathname is searched
+ for first. If no compspec is found for the full pathname, an attempt
+ is made to find a compspec for the portion following the final slash.
+ If those searches to not result in a compspec, any compspec defined
+ with the -\b-D\bD option to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be is used as the default.
Once a compspec has been found, it is used to generate the list of
matching words. If a compspec is not found, the default b\bba\bas\bsh\bh comple-
the value of the m\bma\bar\brk\bk-\b-d\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bto\bor\bri\bie\bes\bs readline variable, regardless of the
setting of the m\bma\bar\brk\bk-\b-s\bsy\bym\bml\bli\bin\bnk\bke\bed\bd-\b-d\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bto\bor\bri\bie\bes\bs readline variable.
+ There is some support for dynamically modifying completions. This is
+ most useful when used in combination with a default completion speci-
+ fied with c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be -\b-D\bD. It's possible for shell functions executed as
+ completion handlers to indicate that completion should be retried by
+ returning an exit status of 124. If a shell function returns 124, and
+ changes the compspec associated with the command on which completion is
+ being attempted (supplied as the first argument when the function is
+ executed), programmable completion restarts from the beginning, with an
+ attempt to find a compspec for that command. This allows a set of com-
+ pletions to be built dynamically as completion is attempted, rather
+ than being loaded all at once.
+
+ For instance, assuming that there is a library of compspecs, each kept
+ in a file corresponding to the name of the command, the following
+ default completion function would load completions dynamically:
+
+ _completion_loader()
+ {
+ . "/etc/bash_completion.d/$1.sh" >/dev/null 2>&1 && return 124
+ }
+ complete -D -F _completion_loader
+
+
H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY
When the -\b-o\bo h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin is enabled, the shell
provides access to the _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd _\bh_\bi_\bs_\bt_\bo_\br_\by, the list of commands previously
The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied,
or no matches were generated.
- c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be [-\b-a\bab\bbc\bcd\bde\bef\bfg\bgj\bjk\bks\bsu\buv\bv] [-\b-o\bo _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\b-_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [-\b-E\bE] [-\b-A\bA _\ba_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [-\b-G\bG _\bg_\bl_\bo_\bb_\bp_\ba_\bt]
- [-\b-W\bW _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt] [-\b-F\bF _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [-\b-C\bC _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd]
+ c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be [-\b-a\bab\bbc\bcd\bde\bef\bfg\bgj\bjk\bks\bsu\buv\bv] [-\b-o\bo _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\b-_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [-\b-D\bDE\bE] [-\b-A\bA _\ba_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [-\b-G\bG _\bg_\bl_\bo_\bb_\b-
+ _\bp_\ba_\bt] [-\b-W\bW _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt] [-\b-F\bF _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [-\b-C\bC _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd]
[-\b-X\bX _\bf_\bi_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bp_\ba_\bt] [-\b-P\bP _\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx] [-\b-S\bS _\bs_\bu_\bf_\bf_\bi_\bx] _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be _\b._\b._\b.]
- c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be -\b-p\bpr\br [-\b-E\bE] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
+ c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be -\b-p\bpr\br [-\b-D\bDE\bE] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
Specify how arguments to each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be should be completed. If the
-\b-p\bp option is supplied, or if no options are supplied, existing
completion specifications are printed in a way that allows them
to be reused as input. The -\b-r\br option removes a completion spec-
ification for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, or, if no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes are supplied, all com-
- pletion specifications. The -\b-E\bE option indicates that the
- remaining options and actions should apply to ``empty'' command
- completion; that is, completion attempted on a blank line.
+ pletion specifications. The -\b-D\bD option indicates that the
+ remaining options and actions should apply to the ``default''
+ command completion; that is, completion attempted on a command
+ for which no completion has previously been defined. The -\b-E\bE
+ option indicates that the remaining options and actions should
+ apply to ``empty'' command completion; that is, completion
+ attempted on a blank line.
The process of applying these completion specifications when
word completion is attempted is described above under P\bPr\bro\bo-\b-
for a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be for which no specification exists, or an error occurs
adding a completion specification.
- c\bco\bom\bmp\bpo\bop\bpt\bt [-\b-o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [+\b+o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be]
+ c\bco\bom\bmp\bpo\bop\bpt\bt [-\b-o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [-\b-D\bDE\bE] [+\b+o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be]
Modify completion options for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be according to the
_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bns, or for the currently-execution completion if no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes
are supplied. If no _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bns are given, display the completion
options for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be or the current completion. The possible
values of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn are those valid for the c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be builtin
- described above.
-
- The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied, an
- attempt is made to modify the options for a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be for which no comple-
+ described above. The -\b-D\bD option indicates that the remaining
+ options should apply to the ``default'' command completion; that
+ is, completion attempted on a command for which no completion
+ has previously been defined. The -\b-E\bE option indicates that the
+ remaining options should apply to ``empty'' command completion;
+ that is, completion attempted on a blank line.
+
+ The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied, an
+ attempt is made to modify the options for a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be for which no comple-
tion specification exists, or an output error occurs.
c\bco\bon\bnt\bti\bin\bnu\bue\be [_\bn]
Resume the next iteration of the enclosing f\bfo\bor\br, w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be, u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl, or
- s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt loop. If _\bn is specified, resume at the _\bnth enclosing
- loop. _\bn must be >= 1. If _\bn is greater than the number of
- enclosing loops, the last enclosing loop (the ``top-level''
+ s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt loop. If _\bn is specified, resume at the _\bnth enclosing
+ loop. _\bn must be >= 1. If _\bn is greater than the number of
+ enclosing loops, the last enclosing loop (the ``top-level''
loop) is resumed. The return value is 0 unless _\bn is not greater
than or equal to 1.
d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be [-\b-a\baA\bAf\bfF\bFi\bil\blr\brt\btu\bux\bx] [-\b-p\bp] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be] ...]
t\bty\byp\bpe\bes\bse\bet\bt [-\b-a\baA\bAf\bfF\bFi\bil\blr\brt\btu\bux\bx] [-\b-p\bp] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be] ...]
- Declare variables and/or give them attributes. If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes are
- given then display the values of variables. The -\b-p\bp option will
+ Declare variables and/or give them attributes. If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes are
+ given then display the values of variables. The -\b-p\bp option will
display the attributes and values of each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. When -\b-p\bp is used
with _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments, additional options are ignored. When -\b-p\bp is
- supplied without _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments, it will display the attributes
- and values of all variables having the attributes specified by
- the additional options. If no other options are supplied with
- -\b-p\bp, d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be will display the attributes and values of all shell
- variables. The -\b-f\bf option will restrict the display to shell
+ supplied without _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments, it will display the attributes
+ and values of all variables having the attributes specified by
+ the additional options. If no other options are supplied with
+ -\b-p\bp, d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be will display the attributes and values of all shell
+ variables. The -\b-f\bf option will restrict the display to shell
functions. The -\b-F\bF option inhibits the display of function defi-
- nitions; only the function name and attributes are printed. If
- the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg shell option is enabled using s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt, the source
+ nitions; only the function name and attributes are printed. If
+ the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg shell option is enabled using s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt, the source
file name and line number where the function is defined are dis-
- played as well. The -\b-F\bF option implies -\b-f\bf. The following
- options can be used to restrict output to variables with the
+ played as well. The -\b-F\bF option implies -\b-f\bf. The following
+ options can be used to restrict output to variables with the
specified attribute or to give variables attributes:
- -\b-a\ba Each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is an indexed array variable (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs
+ -\b-a\ba Each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is an indexed array variable (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs
above).
- -\b-A\bA Each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is an associative array variable (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs
+ -\b-A\bA Each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is an associative array variable (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs
above).
-\b-f\bf Use function names only.
-\b-i\bi The variable is treated as an integer; arithmetic evalua-
- tion (see A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bHM\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN )\b) is performed when the
+ tion (see A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bHM\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN )\b) is performed when the
variable is assigned a value.
- -\b-l\bl When the variable is assigned a value, all upper-case
- characters are converted to lower-case. The upper-case
+ -\b-l\bl When the variable is assigned a value, all upper-case
+ characters are converted to lower-case. The upper-case
attribute is disabled.
-\b-r\br Make _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes readonly. These names cannot then be assigned
values by subsequent assignment statements or unset.
- -\b-t\bt Give each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be the _\bt_\br_\ba_\bc_\be attribute. Traced functions
- inherit the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN traps from the calling
- shell. The trace attribute has no special meaning for
+ -\b-t\bt Give each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be the _\bt_\br_\ba_\bc_\be attribute. Traced functions
+ inherit the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN traps from the calling
+ shell. The trace attribute has no special meaning for
variables.
- -\b-u\bu When the variable is assigned a value, all lower-case
- characters are converted to upper-case. The lower-case
+ -\b-u\bu When the variable is assigned a value, all lower-case
+ characters are converted to upper-case. The lower-case
attribute is disabled.
- -\b-x\bx Mark _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes for export to subsequent commands via the
+ -\b-x\bx Mark _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes for export to subsequent commands via the
environment.
- Using `+' instead of `-' turns off the attribute instead, with
+ Using `+' instead of `-' turns off the attribute instead, with
the exceptions that +\b+a\ba may not be used to destroy an array vari-
- able and +\b+r\br w\bwi\bil\bll\bl n\bno\bot\bt r\bre\bem\bmo\bov\bve\be t\bth\bhe\be r\bre\bea\bad\bdo\bon\bnl\bly\by a\bat\btt\btr\bri\bib\bbu\but\bte\be.\b. W\bWh\bhe\ben\bn u\bus\bse\bed\bd
+ able and +\b+r\br w\bwi\bil\bll\bl n\bno\bot\bt r\bre\bem\bmo\bov\bve\be t\bth\bhe\be r\bre\bea\bad\bdo\bon\bnl\bly\by a\bat\btt\btr\bri\bib\bbu\but\bte\be.\b. W\bWh\bhe\ben\bn u\bus\bse\bed\bd
i\bin\bn a\ba f\bfu\bun\bnc\bct\bti\bio\bon\bn,\b, m\bma\bak\bke\bes\bs e\bea\bac\bch\bh _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl,\b, a\bas\bs w\bwi\bit\bth\bh t\bth\bhe\be l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl command.
If a variable name is followed by =_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be, the value of the vari-
- able is set to _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be. The return value is 0 unless an invalid
- option is encountered, an attempt is made to define a function
- using ``-f foo=bar'', an attempt is made to assign a value to a
- readonly variable, an attempt is made to assign a value to an
+ able is set to _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be. The return value is 0 unless an invalid
+ option is encountered, an attempt is made to define a function
+ using ``-f foo=bar'', an attempt is made to assign a value to a
+ readonly variable, an attempt is made to assign a value to an
array variable without using the compound assignment syntax (see
- A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs above), one of the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs is not a valid shell variable
+ A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs above), one of the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs is not a valid shell variable
name, an attempt is made to turn off readonly status for a read-
- only variable, an attempt is made to turn off array status for
- an array variable, or an attempt is made to display a non-exis-
+ only variable, an attempt is made to turn off array status for
+ an array variable, or an attempt is made to display a non-exis-
tent function with -\b-f\bf.
d\bdi\bir\brs\bs [\b[+\b+_\bn]\b] [\b[-\b-_\bn]\b] [\b[-\b-c\bcp\bpl\blv\bv]\b]
- Without options, displays the list of currently remembered
- directories. The default display is on a single line with
- directory names separated by spaces. Directories are added to
- the list with the p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd command; the p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd command removes
+ Without options, displays the list of currently remembered
+ directories. The default display is on a single line with
+ directory names separated by spaces. Directories are added to
+ the list with the p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd command; the p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd command removes
entries from the list.
+\b+_\bn Displays the _\bnth entry counting from the left of the list
shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs when invoked without options, starting with
zero.
- -\b-_\bn Displays the _\bnth entry counting from the right of the
+ -\b-_\bn Displays the _\bnth entry counting from the right of the
list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs when invoked without options, starting
with zero.
-\b-c\bc Clears the directory stack by deleting all of the
entries.
- -\b-l\bl Produces a longer listing; the default listing format
+ -\b-l\bl Produces a longer listing; the default listing format
uses a tilde to denote the home directory.
-\b-p\bp Print the directory stack with one entry per line.
- -\b-v\bv Print the directory stack with one entry per line, pre-
+ -\b-v\bv Print the directory stack with one entry per line, pre-
fixing each entry with its index in the stack.
- The return value is 0 unless an invalid option is supplied or _\bn
+ The return value is 0 unless an invalid option is supplied or _\bn
indexes beyond the end of the directory stack.
d\bdi\bis\bso\bow\bwn\bn [-\b-a\bar\br] [-\b-h\bh] [_\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc ...]
- Without options, each _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is removed from the table of
- active jobs. If _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not present, and neither -\b-a\ba n\bno\bor\br -\b-r\br
- i\bis\bs s\bsu\bup\bpp\bpl\bli\bie\bed\bd,\b, t\bth\bhe\be s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl'\b's\bs n\bno\bot\bti\bio\bon\bn o\bof\bf t\bth\bhe\be _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb i\bis\bs u\bus\bse\bed\bd.\b. I\bIf\bf
+ Without options, each _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is removed from the table of
+ active jobs. If _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not present, and neither -\b-a\ba n\bno\bor\br -\b-r\br
+ i\bis\bs s\bsu\bup\bpp\bpl\bli\bie\bed\bd,\b, t\bth\bhe\be s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl'\b's\bs n\bno\bot\bti\bio\bon\bn o\bof\bf t\bth\bhe\be _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb i\bis\bs u\bus\bse\bed\bd.\b. I\bIf\bf
t\bth\bhe\be -\b-h\bh o\bop\bpt\bti\bio\bon\bn i\bis\bs g\bgi\biv\bve\ben\bn,\b, e\bea\bac\bch\bh _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not removed from the ta-
- ble, but is marked so that S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP is not sent to the job if the
- shell receives a S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP. If no _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is present, and neither
- the -\b-a\ba nor the -\b-r\br option is supplied, the _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb is used.
+ ble, but is marked so that S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP is not sent to the job if the
+ shell receives a S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP. If no _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is present, and neither
+ the -\b-a\ba nor the -\b-r\br option is supplied, the _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb is used.
If no _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is supplied, the -\b-a\ba option means to remove or mark
- all jobs; the -\b-r\br option without a _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc argument restricts
- operation to running jobs. The return value is 0 unless a _\bj_\bo_\bb_\b-
+ all jobs; the -\b-r\br option without a _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc argument restricts
+ operation to running jobs. The return value is 0 unless a _\bj_\bo_\bb_\b-
_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc does not specify a valid job.
e\bec\bch\bho\bo [-\b-n\bne\beE\bE] [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
- Output the _\ba_\br_\bgs, separated by spaces, followed by a newline.
+ Output the _\ba_\br_\bgs, separated by spaces, followed by a newline.
The return status is always 0. If -\b-n\bn is specified, the trailing
- newline is suppressed. If the -\b-e\be option is given, interpreta-
- tion of the following backslash-escaped characters is enabled.
- The -\b-E\bE option disables the interpretation of these escape char-
- acters, even on systems where they are interpreted by default.
- The x\bxp\bpg\bg_\b_e\bec\bch\bho\bo shell option may be used to dynamically determine
- whether or not e\bec\bch\bho\bo expands these escape characters by default.
- e\bec\bch\bho\bo does not interpret -\b--\b- to mean the end of options. e\bec\bch\bho\bo
+ newline is suppressed. If the -\b-e\be option is given, interpreta-
+ tion of the following backslash-escaped characters is enabled.
+ The -\b-E\bE option disables the interpretation of these escape char-
+ acters, even on systems where they are interpreted by default.
+ The x\bxp\bpg\bg_\b_e\bec\bch\bho\bo shell option may be used to dynamically determine
+ whether or not e\bec\bch\bho\bo expands these escape characters by default.
+ e\bec\bch\bho\bo does not interpret -\b--\b- to mean the end of options. e\bec\bch\bho\bo
interprets the following escape sequences:
\\b\a\ba alert (bell)
\\b\b\bb backspace
\\b\t\bt horizontal tab
\\b\v\bv vertical tab
\\b\\\b\ backslash
- \\b\0\b0_\bn_\bn_\bn the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value
+ \\b\0\b0_\bn_\bn_\bn the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value
_\bn_\bn_\bn (zero to three octal digits)
- \\b\x\bx_\bH_\bH the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal
+ \\b\x\bx_\bH_\bH the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal
value _\bH_\bH (one or two hex digits)
e\ben\bna\bab\bbl\ble\be [-\b-a\ba] [-\b-d\bdn\bnp\bps\bs] [-\b-f\bf _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- Enable and disable builtin shell commands. Disabling a builtin
+ Enable and disable builtin shell commands. Disabling a builtin
allows a disk command which has the same name as a shell builtin
- to be executed without specifying a full pathname, even though
- the shell normally searches for builtins before disk commands.
- If -\b-n\bn is used, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is disabled; otherwise, _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are
+ to be executed without specifying a full pathname, even though
+ the shell normally searches for builtins before disk commands.
+ If -\b-n\bn is used, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is disabled; otherwise, _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are
enabled. For example, to use the t\bte\bes\bst\bt binary found via the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH
- instead of the shell builtin version, run ``enable -n test''.
- The -\b-f\bf option means to load the new builtin command _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be from
+ instead of the shell builtin version, run ``enable -n test''.
+ The -\b-f\bf option means to load the new builtin command _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be from
shared object _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, on systems that support dynamic loading.
- The -\b-d\bd option will delete a builtin previously loaded with -\b-f\bf.
+ The -\b-d\bd option will delete a builtin previously loaded with -\b-f\bf.
If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given, or if the -\b-p\bp option is supplied,
a list of shell builtins is printed. With no other option argu-
- ments, the list consists of all enabled shell builtins. If -\b-n\bn
- is supplied, only disabled builtins are printed. If -\b-a\ba is sup-
- plied, the list printed includes all builtins, with an indica-
- tion of whether or not each is enabled. If -\b-s\bs is supplied, the
- output is restricted to the POSIX _\bs_\bp_\be_\bc_\bi_\ba_\bl builtins. The return
- value is 0 unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a shell builtin or there is an
+ ments, the list consists of all enabled shell builtins. If -\b-n\bn
+ is supplied, only disabled builtins are printed. If -\b-a\ba is sup-
+ plied, the list printed includes all builtins, with an indica-
+ tion of whether or not each is enabled. If -\b-s\bs is supplied, the
+ output is restricted to the POSIX _\bs_\bp_\be_\bc_\bi_\ba_\bl builtins. The return
+ value is 0 unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a shell builtin or there is an
error loading a new builtin from a shared object.
e\bev\bva\bal\bl [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
- The _\ba_\br_\bgs are read and concatenated together into a single com-
- mand. This command is then read and executed by the shell, and
- its exit status is returned as the value of e\bev\bva\bal\bl. If there are
+ The _\ba_\br_\bgs are read and concatenated together into a single com-
+ mand. This command is then read and executed by the shell, and
+ its exit status is returned as the value of e\bev\bva\bal\bl. If there are
no _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs, or only null arguments, e\bev\bva\bal\bl returns 0.
e\bex\bxe\bec\bc [-\b-c\bcl\bl] [-\b-a\ba _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs]]
- If _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is specified, it replaces the shell. No new process
- is created. The _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs become the arguments to _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd. If
+ If _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is specified, it replaces the shell. No new process
+ is created. The _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs become the arguments to _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd. If
the -\b-l\bl option is supplied, the shell places a dash at the begin-
- ning of the zeroth argument passed to _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd. This is what
+ ning of the zeroth argument passed to _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd. This is what
_\bl_\bo_\bg_\bi_\bn(1) does. The -\b-c\bc option causes _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd to be executed with
- an empty environment. If -\b-a\ba is supplied, the shell passes _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
+ an empty environment. If -\b-a\ba is supplied, the shell passes _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
as the zeroth argument to the executed command. If _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd can-
- not be executed for some reason, a non-interactive shell exits,
- unless the shell option e\bex\bxe\bec\bcf\bfa\bai\bil\bl is enabled, in which case it
- returns failure. An interactive shell returns failure if the
+ not be executed for some reason, a non-interactive shell exits,
+ unless the shell option e\bex\bxe\bec\bcf\bfa\bai\bil\bl is enabled, in which case it
+ returns failure. An interactive shell returns failure if the
file cannot be executed. If _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is not specified, any redi-
rections take effect in the current shell, and the return status
- is 0. If there is a redirection error, the return status is 1.
+ is 0. If there is a redirection error, the return status is 1.
e\bex\bxi\bit\bt [_\bn]
- Cause the shell to exit with a status of _\bn. If _\bn is omitted,
+ Cause the shell to exit with a status of _\bn. If _\bn is omitted,
the exit status is that of the last command executed. A trap on
E\bEX\bXI\bIT\bT is executed before the shell terminates.
e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt [-\b-f\bfn\bn] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd]] ...
e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt -\b-p\bp
- The supplied _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are marked for automatic export to the envi-
- ronment of subsequently executed commands. If the -\b-f\bf option is
- given, the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs refer to functions. If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are given, or
- if the -\b-p\bp option is supplied, a list of all names that are
- exported in this shell is printed. The -\b-n\bn option causes the
- export property to be removed from each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If a variable
- name is followed by =_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, the value of the variable is set to
- _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd. e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt returns an exit status of 0 unless an invalid
- option is encountered, one of the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs is not a valid shell
+ The supplied _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are marked for automatic export to the envi-
+ ronment of subsequently executed commands. If the -\b-f\bf option is
+ given, the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs refer to functions. If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are given, or
+ if the -\b-p\bp option is supplied, a list of all names that are
+ exported in this shell is printed. The -\b-n\bn option causes the
+ export property to be removed from each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If a variable
+ name is followed by =_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, the value of the variable is set to
+ _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd. e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt returns an exit status of 0 unless an invalid
+ option is encountered, one of the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs is not a valid shell
variable name, or -\b-f\bf is supplied with a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be that is not a func-
tion.
f\bfc\bc [-\b-e\be _\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [-\b-l\bln\bnr\br] [_\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt] [_\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt]
f\bfc\bc -\b-s\bs [_\bp_\ba_\bt=_\br_\be_\bp] [_\bc_\bm_\bd]
- Fix Command. In the first form, a range of commands from _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt
- to _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt is selected from the history list. _\bF_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt and _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt may
- be specified as a string (to locate the last command beginning
- with that string) or as a number (an index into the history
+ Fix Command. In the first form, a range of commands from _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt
+ to _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt is selected from the history list. _\bF_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt and _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt may
+ be specified as a string (to locate the last command beginning
+ with that string) or as a number (an index into the history
list, where a negative number is used as an offset from the cur-
rent command number). If _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt is not specified it is set to the
- current command for listing (so that ``fc -l -10'' prints the
+ current command for listing (so that ``fc -l -10'' prints the
last 10 commands) and to _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt otherwise. If _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt is not spec-
- ified it is set to the previous command for editing and -16 for
+ ified it is set to the previous command for editing and -16 for
listing.
- The -\b-n\bn option suppresses the command numbers when listing. The
- -\b-r\br option reverses the order of the commands. If the -\b-l\bl option
- is given, the commands are listed on standard output. Other-
- wise, the editor given by _\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is invoked on a file containing
- those commands. If _\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not given, the value of the F\bFC\bCE\bED\bDI\bIT\bT
- variable is used, and the value of E\bED\bDI\bIT\bTO\bOR\bR if F\bFC\bCE\bED\bDI\bIT\bT is not set.
- If neither variable is set, _\bv_\bi is used. When editing is com-
+ The -\b-n\bn option suppresses the command numbers when listing. The
+ -\b-r\br option reverses the order of the commands. If the -\b-l\bl option
+ is given, the commands are listed on standard output. Other-
+ wise, the editor given by _\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is invoked on a file containing
+ those commands. If _\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not given, the value of the F\bFC\bCE\bED\bDI\bIT\bT
+ variable is used, and the value of E\bED\bDI\bIT\bTO\bOR\bR if F\bFC\bCE\bED\bDI\bIT\bT is not set.
+ If neither variable is set, _\bv_\bi is used. When editing is com-
plete, the edited commands are echoed and executed.
- In the second form, _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is re-executed after each instance
- of _\bp_\ba_\bt is replaced by _\br_\be_\bp. A useful alias to use with this is
- ``r="fc -s"'', so that typing ``r cc'' runs the last command
+ In the second form, _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is re-executed after each instance
+ of _\bp_\ba_\bt is replaced by _\br_\be_\bp. A useful alias to use with this is
+ ``r="fc -s"'', so that typing ``r cc'' runs the last command
beginning with ``cc'' and typing ``r'' re-executes the last com-
mand.
- If the first form is used, the return value is 0 unless an
- invalid option is encountered or _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt or _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt specify history
- lines out of range. If the -\b-e\be option is supplied, the return
+ If the first form is used, the return value is 0 unless an
+ invalid option is encountered or _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt or _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt specify history
+ lines out of range. If the -\b-e\be option is supplied, the return
value is the value of the last command executed or failure if an
error occurs with the temporary file of commands. If the second
- form is used, the return status is that of the command re-exe-
- cuted, unless _\bc_\bm_\bd does not specify a valid history line, in
+ form is used, the return status is that of the command re-exe-
+ cuted, unless _\bc_\bm_\bd does not specify a valid history line, in
which case f\bfc\bc returns failure.
f\bfg\bg [_\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc]
- Resume _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc in the foreground, and make it the current job.
+ Resume _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc in the foreground, and make it the current job.
If _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not present, the shell's notion of the _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb
- is used. The return value is that of the command placed into
- the foreground, or failure if run when job control is disabled
+ is used. The return value is that of the command placed into
+ the foreground, or failure if run when job control is disabled
or, when run with job control enabled, if _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc does not spec-
- ify a valid job or _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc specifies a job that was started
+ ify a valid job or _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc specifies a job that was started
without job control.
g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bs]
- g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is used by shell procedures to parse positional parame-
- ters. _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg contains the option characters to be recog-
- nized; if a character is followed by a colon, the option is
- expected to have an argument, which should be separated from it
- by white space. The colon and question mark characters may not
- be used as option characters. Each time it is invoked, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs
- places the next option in the shell variable _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, initializing
+ g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is used by shell procedures to parse positional parame-
+ ters. _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg contains the option characters to be recog-
+ nized; if a character is followed by a colon, the option is
+ expected to have an argument, which should be separated from it
+ by white space. The colon and question mark characters may not
+ be used as option characters. Each time it is invoked, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs
+ places the next option in the shell variable _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, initializing
_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be if it does not exist, and the index of the next argument to
be processed into the variable O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD. O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD is initialized to
- 1 each time the shell or a shell script is invoked. When an
- option requires an argument, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs places that argument into
- the variable O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG. The shell does not reset O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD automati-
- cally; it must be manually reset between multiple calls to
+ 1 each time the shell or a shell script is invoked. When an
+ option requires an argument, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs places that argument into
+ the variable O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG. The shell does not reset O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD automati-
+ cally; it must be manually reset between multiple calls to
g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs within the same shell invocation if a new set of parame-
ters is to be used.
- When the end of options is encountered, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs exits with a
- return value greater than zero. O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD is set to the index of
+ When the end of options is encountered, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs exits with a
+ return value greater than zero. O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD is set to the index of
the first non-option argument, and n\bna\bam\bme\be is set to ?.
- g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs normally parses the positional parameters, but if more
+ g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs normally parses the positional parameters, but if more
arguments are given in _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs parses those instead.
- g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs can report errors in two ways. If the first character
- of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg is a colon, _\bs_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\bt error reporting is used. In
- normal operation diagnostic messages are printed when invalid
- options or missing option arguments are encountered. If the
- variable O\bOP\bPT\bTE\bER\bRR\bR is set to 0, no error messages will be dis-
+ g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs can report errors in two ways. If the first character
+ of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg is a colon, _\bs_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\bt error reporting is used. In
+ normal operation diagnostic messages are printed when invalid
+ options or missing option arguments are encountered. If the
+ variable O\bOP\bPT\bTE\bER\bRR\bR is set to 0, no error messages will be dis-
played, even if the first character of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg is not a colon.
If an invalid option is seen, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs places ? into _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be and, if
- not silent, prints an error message and unsets O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG. If
- g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is silent, the option character found is placed in
+ not silent, prints an error message and unsets O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG. If
+ g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is silent, the option character found is placed in
O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG and no diagnostic message is printed.
- If a required argument is not found, and g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is not silent,
- a question mark (?\b?) is placed in _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG is unset, and a
- diagnostic message is printed. If g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is silent, then a
- colon (:\b:) is placed in _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be and O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG is set to the option
+ If a required argument is not found, and g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is not silent,
+ a question mark (?\b?) is placed in _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG is unset, and a
+ diagnostic message is printed. If g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is silent, then a
+ colon (:\b:) is placed in _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be and O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG is set to the option
character found.
- g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs returns true if an option, specified or unspecified, is
+ g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs returns true if an option, specified or unspecified, is
found. It returns false if the end of options is encountered or
an error occurs.
h\bha\bas\bsh\bh [-\b-l\blr\br] [-\b-p\bp _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [-\b-d\bdt\bt] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be]
- For each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, the full file name of the command is determined
+ For each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, the full file name of the command is determined
by searching the directories in $\b$P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH and remembered. If the -\b-p\bp
option is supplied, no path search is performed, and _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is
used as the full file name of the command. The -\b-r\br option causes
- the shell to forget all remembered locations. The -\b-d\bd option
+ the shell to forget all remembered locations. The -\b-d\bd option
causes the shell to forget the remembered location of each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.
- If the -\b-t\bt option is supplied, the full pathname to which each
- _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be corresponds is printed. If multiple _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are
- supplied with -\b-t\bt, the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is printed before the hashed full
+ If the -\b-t\bt option is supplied, the full pathname to which each
+ _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be corresponds is printed. If multiple _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are
+ supplied with -\b-t\bt, the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is printed before the hashed full
pathname. The -\b-l\bl option causes output to be displayed in a for-
- mat that may be reused as input. If no arguments are given, or
+ mat that may be reused as input. If no arguments are given, or
if only -\b-l\bl is supplied, information about remembered commands is
- printed. The return status is true unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not found
+ printed. The return status is true unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not found
or an invalid option is supplied.
h\bhe\bel\blp\bp [-\b-d\bdm\bms\bs] [_\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn]
- Display helpful information about builtin commands. If _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn
- is specified, h\bhe\bel\blp\bp gives detailed help on all commands matching
- _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn; otherwise help for all the builtins and shell control
+ Display helpful information about builtin commands. If _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn
+ is specified, h\bhe\bel\blp\bp gives detailed help on all commands matching
+ _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn; otherwise help for all the builtins and shell control
structures is printed.
-\b-d\bd Display a short description of each _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn
-\b-m\bm Display the description of each _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn in a manpage-like
h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by -\b-s\bs _\ba_\br_\bg [_\ba_\br_\bg _\b._\b._\b.]
With no options, display the command history list with line num-
bers. Lines listed with a *\b* have been modified. An argument of
- _\bn lists only the last _\bn lines. If the shell variable H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bE-\b-
- F\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT is set and not null, it is used as a format string for
- _\bs_\bt_\br_\bf_\bt_\bi_\bm_\be(3) to display the time stamp associated with each dis-
- played history entry. No intervening blank is printed between
- the formatted time stamp and the history line. If _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is
- supplied, it is used as the name of the history file; if not,
- the value of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is used. Options, if supplied, have the
+ _\bn lists only the last _\bn lines. If the shell variable H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bE-\b-
+ F\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT is set and not null, it is used as a format string for
+ _\bs_\bt_\br_\bf_\bt_\bi_\bm_\be(3) to display the time stamp associated with each dis-
+ played history entry. No intervening blank is printed between
+ the formatted time stamp and the history line. If _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is
+ supplied, it is used as the name of the history file; if not,
+ the value of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is used. Options, if supplied, have the
following meanings:
-\b-c\bc Clear the history list by deleting all the entries.
-\b-d\bd _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt
Delete the history entry at position _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt.
- -\b-a\ba Append the ``new'' history lines (history lines entered
- since the beginning of the current b\bba\bas\bsh\bh session) to the
+ -\b-a\ba Append the ``new'' history lines (history lines entered
+ since the beginning of the current b\bba\bas\bsh\bh session) to the
history file.
- -\b-n\bn Read the history lines not already read from the history
- file into the current history list. These are lines
- appended to the history file since the beginning of the
+ -\b-n\bn Read the history lines not already read from the history
+ file into the current history list. These are lines
+ appended to the history file since the beginning of the
current b\bba\bas\bsh\bh session.
-\b-r\br Read the contents of the history file and use them as the
current history.
- -\b-w\bw Write the current history to the history file, overwrit-
+ -\b-w\bw Write the current history to the history file, overwrit-
ing the history file's contents.
- -\b-p\bp Perform history substitution on the following _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs and
- display the result on the standard output. Does not
- store the results in the history list. Each _\ba_\br_\bg must be
+ -\b-p\bp Perform history substitution on the following _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs and
+ display the result on the standard output. Does not
+ store the results in the history list. Each _\ba_\br_\bg must be
quoted to disable normal history expansion.
- -\b-s\bs Store the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs in the history list as a single entry.
- The last command in the history list is removed before
+ -\b-s\bs Store the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs in the history list as a single entry.
+ The last command in the history list is removed before
the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs are added.
If the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bEF\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT is set, the time stamp information associ-
- ated with each history entry is written to the history file,
- marked with the history comment character. When the history
+ ated with each history entry is written to the history file,
+ marked with the history comment character. When the history
file is read, lines beginning with the history comment character
- followed immediately by a digit are interpreted as timestamps
- for the previous history line. The return value is 0 unless an
- invalid option is encountered, an error occurs while reading or
- writing the history file, an invalid _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt is supplied as an
+ followed immediately by a digit are interpreted as timestamps
+ for the previous history line. The return value is 0 unless an
+ invalid option is encountered, an error occurs while reading or
+ writing the history file, an invalid _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt is supplied as an
argument to -\b-d\bd, or the history expansion supplied as an argument
to -\b-p\bp fails.
The first form lists the active jobs. The options have the fol-
lowing meanings:
-\b-l\bl List process IDs in addition to the normal information.
- -\b-p\bp List only the process ID of the job's process group
+ -\b-p\bp List only the process ID of the job's process group
leader.
- -\b-n\bn Display information only about jobs that have changed
- status since the user was last notified of their status.
+ -\b-n\bn Display information only about jobs that have changed
+ status since the user was last notified of their status.
-\b-r\br Restrict output to running jobs.
-\b-s\bs Restrict output to stopped jobs.
- If _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is given, output is restricted to information about
- that job. The return status is 0 unless an invalid option is
+ If _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is given, output is restricted to information about
+ that job. The return status is 0 unless an invalid option is
encountered or an invalid _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is supplied.
If the -\b-x\bx option is supplied, j\bjo\bob\bbs\bs replaces any _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc found in
- _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd or _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs with the corresponding process group ID, and
+ _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd or _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs with the corresponding process group ID, and
executes _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd passing it _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs, returning its exit status.
k\bki\bil\bll\bl [-\b-s\bs _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc | -\b-n\bn _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bu_\bm | -\b-_\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc] [_\bp_\bi_\bd | _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc] ...
k\bki\bil\bll\bl -\b-l\bl [_\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc | _\be_\bx_\bi_\bt_\b__\bs_\bt_\ba_\bt_\bu_\bs]
- Send the signal named by _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc or _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bu_\bm to the processes
- named by _\bp_\bi_\bd or _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc. _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is either a case-insensitive
- signal name such as S\bSI\bIG\bGK\bKI\bIL\bLL\bL (with or without the S\bSI\bIG\bG prefix) or
- a signal number; _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bu_\bm is a signal number. If _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not
- present, then S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTE\bER\bRM\bM is assumed. An argument of -\b-l\bl lists the
- signal names. If any arguments are supplied when -\b-l\bl is given,
- the names of the signals corresponding to the arguments are
+ Send the signal named by _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc or _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bu_\bm to the processes
+ named by _\bp_\bi_\bd or _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc. _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is either a case-insensitive
+ signal name such as S\bSI\bIG\bGK\bKI\bIL\bLL\bL (with or without the S\bSI\bIG\bG prefix) or
+ a signal number; _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bu_\bm is a signal number. If _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not
+ present, then S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTE\bER\bRM\bM is assumed. An argument of -\b-l\bl lists the
+ signal names. If any arguments are supplied when -\b-l\bl is given,
+ the names of the signals corresponding to the arguments are
listed, and the return status is 0. The _\be_\bx_\bi_\bt_\b__\bs_\bt_\ba_\bt_\bu_\bs argument to
- -\b-l\bl is a number specifying either a signal number or the exit
- status of a process terminated by a signal. k\bki\bil\bll\bl returns true
- if at least one signal was successfully sent, or false if an
+ -\b-l\bl is a number specifying either a signal number or the exit
+ status of a process terminated by a signal. k\bki\bil\bll\bl returns true
+ if at least one signal was successfully sent, or false if an
error occurs or an invalid option is encountered.
l\ble\bet\bt _\ba_\br_\bg [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
Each _\ba_\br_\bg is an arithmetic expression to be evaluated (see A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bH-\b-
- M\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN). If the last _\ba_\br_\bg evaluates to 0, l\ble\bet\bt returns
+ M\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN). If the last _\ba_\br_\bg evaluates to 0, l\ble\bet\bt returns
1; 0 is returned otherwise.
l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl [_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be] ...]
- For each argument, a local variable named _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is created, and
- assigned _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be. The _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn can be any of the options accepted
+ For each argument, a local variable named _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is created, and
+ assigned _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be. The _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn can be any of the options accepted
by d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be. When l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl is used within a function, it causes the
- variable _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be to have a visible scope restricted to that func-
+ variable _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be to have a visible scope restricted to that func-
tion and its children. With no operands, l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl writes a list of
- local variables to the standard output. It is an error to use
+ local variables to the standard output. It is an error to use
l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl when not within a function. The return status is 0 unless
- l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl is used outside a function, an invalid _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is supplied,
+ l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl is used outside a function, an invalid _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is supplied,
or _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is a readonly variable.
l\blo\bog\bgo\bou\but\bt Exit a login shell.
- m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be [-\b-n\bn _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-O\bO _\bo_\br_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bn] [-\b-s\bs _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-t\bt] [-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd] [-\b-C\bC _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk]
+ m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be [-\b-n\bn _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-O\bO _\bo_\br_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bn] [-\b-s\bs _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-t\bt] [-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd] [-\b-C\bC _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk]
[-\b-c\bc _\bq_\bu_\ba_\bn_\bt_\bu_\bm] [_\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by]
- r\bre\bea\bad\bda\bar\brr\bra\bay\by [-\b-n\bn _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-O\bO _\bo_\br_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bn] [-\b-s\bs _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-t\bt] [-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd] [-\b-C\bC _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk]
+ r\bre\bea\bad\bda\bar\brr\bra\bay\by [-\b-n\bn _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-O\bO _\bo_\br_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bn] [-\b-s\bs _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-t\bt] [-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd] [-\b-C\bC _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk]
[-\b-c\bc _\bq_\bu_\ba_\bn_\bt_\bu_\bm] [_\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by]
Read lines from the standard input into array variable _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by, or
from file descriptor _\bf_\bd if the -\b-u\bu option is supplied. The vari-
- able M\bMA\bAP\bPF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is the default _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by. Options, if supplied, have
+ able M\bMA\bAP\bPF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is the default _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by. Options, if supplied, have
the following meanings:
- -\b-n\bn Copy at most _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt lines. If _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt is 0, all lines are
+ -\b-n\bn Copy at most _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt lines. If _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt is 0, all lines are
copied.
- -\b-O\bO Begin assigning to _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by at index _\bo_\br_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bn. The default
+ -\b-O\bO Begin assigning to _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by at index _\bo_\br_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bn. The default
index is 0.
-\b-s\bs Discard the first _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt lines read.
-\b-t\bt Remove a trailing line from each line read.
- -\b-u\bu Read lines from file descriptor _\bf_\bd instead of the stan-
+ -\b-u\bu Read lines from file descriptor _\bf_\bd instead of the stan-
dard input.
- -\b-C\bC Evaluate _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk each time _\bq_\bu_\ba_\bn_\bt_\bu_\bm lines are read. The
+ -\b-C\bC Evaluate _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk each time _\bq_\bu_\ba_\bn_\bt_\bu_\bm lines are read. The
-\b-c\bc option specifies _\bq_\bu_\ba_\bn_\bt_\bu_\bm.
- -\b-c\bc Specify the number of lines read between each call to
+ -\b-c\bc Specify the number of lines read between each call to
_\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk.
- If -\b-C\bC is specified without -\b-c\bc, the default quantum is 5000.
+ If -\b-C\bC is specified without -\b-c\bc, the default quantum is 5000.
When _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk is evaluated, it is supplied the index of the next
- array element to be assigned as an additional argument. _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\b-
- _\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk is evaluated after the line is read but before the array
+ array element to be assigned as an additional argument. _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\b-
+ _\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk is evaluated after the line is read but before the array
element is assigned.
- If not supplied with an explicit origin, m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be will clear
+ If not supplied with an explicit origin, m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be will clear
_\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by before assigning to it.
- m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be returns successfully unless an invalid option or option
+ m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be returns successfully unless an invalid option or option
argument is supplied, or _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by is invalid or unassignable.
p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd [-n\bn] [+_\bn] [-_\bn]
- Removes entries from the directory stack. With no arguments,
- removes the top directory from the stack, and performs a c\bcd\bd to
+ Removes entries from the directory stack. With no arguments,
+ removes the top directory from the stack, and performs a c\bcd\bd to
the new top directory. Arguments, if supplied, have the follow-
ing meanings:
- -\b-n\bn Suppresses the normal change of directory when removing
- directories from the stack, so that only the stack is
+ -\b-n\bn Suppresses the normal change of directory when removing
+ directories from the stack, so that only the stack is
manipulated.
- +\b+_\bn Removes the _\bnth entry counting from the left of the list
- shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with zero. For example: ``popd
+ +\b+_\bn Removes the _\bnth entry counting from the left of the list
+ shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with zero. For example: ``popd
+0'' removes the first directory, ``popd +1'' the second.
-\b-_\bn Removes the _\bnth entry counting from the right of the list
- shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with zero. For example: ``popd
- -0'' removes the last directory, ``popd -1'' the next to
+ shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with zero. For example: ``popd
+ -0'' removes the last directory, ``popd -1'' the next to
last.
- If the p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd command is successful, a d\bdi\bir\brs\bs is performed as well,
- and the return status is 0. p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd returns false if an invalid
+ If the p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd command is successful, a d\bdi\bir\brs\bs is performed as well,
+ and the return status is 0. p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd returns false if an invalid
option is encountered, the directory stack is empty, a non-exis-
tent directory stack entry is specified, or the directory change
fails.
p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf [-\b-v\bv _\bv_\ba_\br] _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs]
- Write the formatted _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs to the standard output under the
- control of the _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt. The _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt is a character string which
- contains three types of objects: plain characters, which are
- simply copied to standard output, character escape sequences,
- which are converted and copied to the standard output, and for-
- mat specifications, each of which causes printing of the next
+ Write the formatted _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs to the standard output under the
+ control of the _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt. The _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt is a character string which
+ contains three types of objects: plain characters, which are
+ simply copied to standard output, character escape sequences,
+ which are converted and copied to the standard output, and for-
+ mat specifications, each of which causes printing of the next
successive _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt. In addition to the standard _\bp_\br_\bi_\bn_\bt_\bf(1) for-
- mats, %\b%b\bb causes p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf to expand backslash escape sequences in
- the corresponding _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt (except that \\b\c\bc terminates output,
+ mats, %\b%b\bb causes p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf to expand backslash escape sequences in
+ the corresponding _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt (except that \\b\c\bc terminates output,
backslashes in \\b\'\b', \\b\"\b", and \\b\?\b? are not removed, and octal escapes
- beginning with \\b\0\b0 may contain up to four digits), and %\b%q\bq causes
+ beginning with \\b\0\b0 may contain up to four digits), and %\b%q\bq causes
p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf to output the corresponding _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt in a format that can
be reused as shell input.
- The -\b-v\bv option causes the output to be assigned to the variable
+ The -\b-v\bv option causes the output to be assigned to the variable
_\bv_\ba_\br rather than being printed to the standard output.
- The _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt is reused as necessary to consume all of the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\b-
+ The _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt is reused as necessary to consume all of the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\b-
_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs. If the _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt requires more _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs than are supplied,
- the extra format specifications behave as if a zero value or
- null string, as appropriate, had been supplied. The return
+ the extra format specifications behave as if a zero value or
+ null string, as appropriate, had been supplied. The return
value is zero on success, non-zero on failure.
p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd [-\b-n\bn] [+_\bn] [-_\bn]
p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd [-\b-n\bn] [_\bd_\bi_\br]
- Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates
- the stack, making the new top of the stack the current working
+ Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates
+ the stack, making the new top of the stack the current working
directory. With no arguments, exchanges the top two directories
- and returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty. Arguments,
+ and returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty. Arguments,
if supplied, have the following meanings:
- -\b-n\bn Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding
- directories to the stack, so that only the stack is
+ -\b-n\bn Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding
+ directories to the stack, so that only the stack is
manipulated.
- +\b+_\bn Rotates the stack so that the _\bnth directory (counting
- from the left of the list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with
+ +\b+_\bn Rotates the stack so that the _\bnth directory (counting
+ from the left of the list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with
zero) is at the top.
- -\b-_\bn Rotates the stack so that the _\bnth directory (counting
- from the right of the list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with
+ -\b-_\bn Rotates the stack so that the _\bnth directory (counting
+ from the right of the list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with
zero) is at the top.
_\bd_\bi_\br Adds _\bd_\bi_\br to the directory stack at the top, making it the
new current working directory.
If the p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd command is successful, a d\bdi\bir\brs\bs is performed as well.
- If the first form is used, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd returns 0 unless the cd to _\bd_\bi_\br
- fails. With the second form, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd returns 0 unless the direc-
- tory stack is empty, a non-existent directory stack element is
- specified, or the directory change to the specified new current
+ If the first form is used, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd returns 0 unless the cd to _\bd_\bi_\br
+ fails. With the second form, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd returns 0 unless the direc-
+ tory stack is empty, a non-existent directory stack element is
+ specified, or the directory change to the specified new current
directory fails.
p\bpw\bwd\bd [-\b-L\bLP\bP]
- Print the absolute pathname of the current working directory.
+ Print the absolute pathname of the current working directory.
The pathname printed contains no symbolic links if the -\b-P\bP option
is supplied or the -\b-o\bo p\bph\bhy\bys\bsi\bic\bca\bal\bl option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command
- is enabled. If the -\b-L\bL option is used, the pathname printed may
- contain symbolic links. The return status is 0 unless an error
- occurs while reading the name of the current directory or an
+ is enabled. If the -\b-L\bL option is used, the pathname printed may
+ contain symbolic links. The return status is 0 unless an error
+ occurs while reading the name of the current directory or an
invalid option is supplied.
r\bre\bea\bad\bd [-\b-e\ber\brs\bs] [-\b-a\ba _\ba_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [-\b-d\bd _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm] [-\b-i\bi _\bt_\be_\bx_\bt] [-\b-n\bn _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs] [-\b-p\bp _\bp_\br_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bt] [-\b-t\bt
_\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt] [-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- One line is read from the standard input, or from the file
- descriptor _\bf_\bd supplied as an argument to the -\b-u\bu option, and the
+ One line is read from the standard input, or from the file
+ descriptor _\bf_\bd supplied as an argument to the -\b-u\bu option, and the
first word is assigned to the first _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, the second word to the
- second _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, and so on, with leftover words and their interven-
- ing separators assigned to the last _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If there are fewer
+ second _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, and so on, with leftover words and their interven-
+ ing separators assigned to the last _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If there are fewer
words read from the input stream than names, the remaining names
- are assigned empty values. The characters in I\bIF\bFS\bS are used to
- split the line into words. The backslash character (\\b\) may be
- used to remove any special meaning for the next character read
- and for line continuation. Options, if supplied, have the fol-
+ are assigned empty values. The characters in I\bIF\bFS\bS are used to
+ split the line into words. The backslash character (\\b\) may be
+ used to remove any special meaning for the next character read
+ and for line continuation. Options, if supplied, have the fol-
lowing meanings:
-\b-a\ba _\ba_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
The words are assigned to sequential indices of the array
new values are assigned. Other _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are
ignored.
-\b-d\bd _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm
- The first character of _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm is used to terminate the
+ The first character of _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm is used to terminate the
input line, rather than newline.
-\b-e\be If the standard input is coming from a terminal, r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be
- (see R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE above) is used to obtain the line. Read-
- line uses the current (or default, if line editing was
+ (see R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE above) is used to obtain the line. Read-
+ line uses the current (or default, if line editing was
not previously active) editing settings.
-\b-i\bi _\bt_\be_\bx_\bt
- If r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used to read the line, _\bt_\be_\bx_\bt is
+ If r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used to read the line, _\bt_\be_\bx_\bt is
placed into the editing buffer before editing begins.
-\b-n\bn _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs
- r\bre\bea\bad\bd returns after reading _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters rather than
+ r\bre\bea\bad\bd returns after reading _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters rather than
waiting for a complete line of input.
-\b-p\bp _\bp_\br_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bt
Display _\bp_\br_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bt on standard error, without a trailing new-
line, before attempting to read any input. The prompt is
displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.
-\b-r\br Backslash does not act as an escape character. The back-
- slash is considered to be part of the line. In particu-
- lar, a backslash-newline pair may not be used as a line
+ slash is considered to be part of the line. In particu-
+ lar, a backslash-newline pair may not be used as a line
continuation.
-\b-s\bs Silent mode. If input is coming from a terminal, charac-
ters are not echoed.
-\b-t\bt _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt
- Cause r\bre\bea\bad\bd to time out and return failure if a complete
- line of input is not read within _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt seconds. _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\b-
- _\bo_\bu_\bt may be a decimal number with a fractional portion
- following the decimal point. This option is only effec-
- tive if r\bre\bea\bad\bd is reading input from a terminal, pipe, or
- other special file; it has no effect when reading from
- regular files. If _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt is 0, r\bre\bea\bad\bd returns success if
- input is available on the specified file descriptor,
- failure otherwise. The exit status is greater than 128
+ Cause r\bre\bea\bad\bd to time out and return failure if a complete
+ line of input is not read within _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt seconds. _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\b-
+ _\bo_\bu_\bt may be a decimal number with a fractional portion
+ following the decimal point. This option is only effec-
+ tive if r\bre\bea\bad\bd is reading input from a terminal, pipe, or
+ other special file; it has no effect when reading from
+ regular files. If _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt is 0, r\bre\bea\bad\bd returns success if
+ input is available on the specified file descriptor,
+ failure otherwise. The exit status is greater than 128
if the timeout is exceeded.
-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd Read input from file descriptor _\bf_\bd.
If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are supplied, the line read is assigned to the vari-
- able R\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY. The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is
- encountered, r\bre\bea\bad\bd times out (in which case the return code is
- greater than 128), or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as
+ able R\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY. The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is
+ encountered, r\bre\bea\bad\bd times out (in which case the return code is
+ greater than 128), or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as
the argument to -\b-u\bu.
r\bre\bea\bad\bdo\bon\bnl\bly\by [-\b-a\baA\bAp\bpf\bf] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd] ...]
- The given _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are marked readonly; the values of these _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs
- may not be changed by subsequent assignment. If the -\b-f\bf option
- is supplied, the functions corresponding to the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are so
- marked. The -\b-a\ba option restricts the variables to indexed
- arrays; the -\b-A\bA option restricts the variables to associative
- arrays. If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given, or if the -\b-p\bp option is
- supplied, a list of all readonly names is printed. The -\b-p\bp
- option causes output to be displayed in a format that may be
- reused as input. If a variable name is followed by =_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, the
- value of the variable is set to _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd. The return status is 0
+ The given _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are marked readonly; the values of these _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs
+ may not be changed by subsequent assignment. If the -\b-f\bf option
+ is supplied, the functions corresponding to the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are so
+ marked. The -\b-a\ba option restricts the variables to indexed
+ arrays; the -\b-A\bA option restricts the variables to associative
+ arrays. If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given, or if the -\b-p\bp option is
+ supplied, a list of all readonly names is printed. The -\b-p\bp
+ option causes output to be displayed in a format that may be
+ reused as input. If a variable name is followed by =_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, the
+ value of the variable is set to _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd. The return status is 0
unless an invalid option is encountered, one of the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs is not
- a valid shell variable name, or -\b-f\bf is supplied with a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be that
+ a valid shell variable name, or -\b-f\bf is supplied with a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be that
is not a function.
r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn [_\bn]
- Causes a function to exit with the return value specified by _\bn.
- If _\bn is omitted, the return status is that of the last command
- executed in the function body. If used outside a function, but
- during execution of a script by the .\b. (s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be) command, it
+ Causes a function to exit with the return value specified by _\bn.
+ If _\bn is omitted, the return status is that of the last command
+ executed in the function body. If used outside a function, but
+ during execution of a script by the .\b. (s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be) command, it
causes the shell to stop executing that script and return either
- _\bn or the exit status of the last command executed within the
- script as the exit status of the script. If used outside a
- function and not during execution of a script by .\b., the return
+ _\bn or the exit status of the last command executed within the
+ script as the exit status of the script. If used outside a
+ function and not during execution of a script by .\b., the return
status is false. Any command associated with the R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN trap is
- executed before execution resumes after the function or script.
+ executed before execution resumes after the function or script.
s\bse\bet\bt [-\b--\b-a\bab\bbe\bef\bfh\bhk\bkm\bmn\bnp\bpt\btu\buv\bvx\bxB\bBC\bCE\bEH\bHP\bPT\bT] [-\b-o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
s\bse\bet\bt [+\b+a\bab\bbe\bef\bfh\bhk\bkm\bmn\bnp\bpt\btu\buv\bvx\bxB\bBC\bCE\bEH\bHP\bPT\bT] [+\b+o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
- Without options, the name and value of each shell variable are
+ Without options, the name and value of each shell variable are
displayed in a format that can be reused as input for setting or
resetting the currently-set variables. Read-only variables can-
- not be reset. In _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be, only shell variables are listed.
- The output is sorted according to the current locale. When
- options are specified, they set or unset shell attributes. Any
- arguments remaining after option processing are treated as val-
+ not be reset. In _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be, only shell variables are listed.
+ The output is sorted according to the current locale. When
+ options are specified, they set or unset shell attributes. Any
+ arguments remaining after option processing are treated as val-
ues for the positional parameters and are assigned, in order, to
- $\b$1\b1, $\b$2\b2, .\b..\b..\b. $\b$_\bn. Options, if specified, have the following
+ $\b$1\b1, $\b$2\b2, .\b..\b..\b. $\b$_\bn. Options, if specified, have the following
meanings:
- -\b-a\ba Automatically mark variables and functions which are
- modified or created for export to the environment of
+ -\b-a\ba Automatically mark variables and functions which are
+ modified or created for export to the environment of
subsequent commands.
- -\b-b\bb Report the status of terminated background jobs immedi-
+ -\b-b\bb Report the status of terminated background jobs immedi-
ately, rather than before the next primary prompt. This
is effective only when job control is enabled.
- -\b-e\be Exit immediately if a _\bp_\bi_\bp_\be_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be (which may consist of a
- single _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd), a _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl command enclosed in
- parentheses, or one of the commands executed as part of
- a command list enclosed by braces (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR
+ -\b-e\be Exit immediately if a _\bp_\bi_\bp_\be_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be (which may consist of a
+ single _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd), a _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl command enclosed in
+ parentheses, or one of the commands executed as part of
+ a command list enclosed by braces (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR
above) exits with a non-zero status. The shell does not
- exit if the command that fails is part of the command
- list immediately following a w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be or u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl keyword,
- part of the test following the i\bif\bf or e\bel\bli\bif\bf reserved
- words, part of any command executed in a &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b| list
- except the command following the final &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b|, any
- command in a pipeline but the last, or if the command's
- return value is being inverted with !\b!. A trap on E\bER\bRR\bR,
+ exit if the command that fails is part of the command
+ list immediately following a w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be or u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl keyword,
+ part of the test following the i\bif\bf or e\bel\bli\bif\bf reserved
+ words, part of any command executed in a &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b| list
+ except the command following the final &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b|, any
+ command in a pipeline but the last, or if the command's
+ return value is being inverted with !\b!. A trap on E\bER\bRR\bR,
if set, is executed before the shell exits. This option
applies to the shell environment and each subshell envi-
- ronment separately (see C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD E\bEX\bXE\bEC\bCU\bUT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN E\bEN\bNV\bVI\bIR\bRO\bON\bNM\bME\bEN\bNT\bT
+ ronment separately (see C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD E\bEX\bXE\bEC\bCU\bUT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN E\bEN\bNV\bVI\bIR\bRO\bON\bNM\bME\bEN\bNT\bT
above), and may cause subshells to exit before executing
all the commands in the subshell.
-\b-f\bf Disable pathname expansion.
- -\b-h\bh Remember the location of commands as they are looked up
+ -\b-h\bh Remember the location of commands as they are looked up
for execution. This is enabled by default.
- -\b-k\bk All arguments in the form of assignment statements are
- placed in the environment for a command, not just those
+ -\b-k\bk All arguments in the form of assignment statements are
+ placed in the environment for a command, not just those
that precede the command name.
- -\b-m\bm Monitor mode. Job control is enabled. This option is
- on by default for interactive shells on systems that
- support it (see J\bJO\bOB\bB C\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL above). Background pro-
- cesses run in a separate process group and a line con-
- taining their exit status is printed upon their comple-
+ -\b-m\bm Monitor mode. Job control is enabled. This option is
+ on by default for interactive shells on systems that
+ support it (see J\bJO\bOB\bB C\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL above). Background pro-
+ cesses run in a separate process group and a line con-
+ taining their exit status is printed upon their comple-
tion.
-\b-n\bn Read commands but do not execute them. This may be used
- to check a shell script for syntax errors. This is
+ to check a shell script for syntax errors. This is
ignored by interactive shells.
-\b-o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
The _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be can be one of the following:
Same as -\b-a\ba.
b\bbr\bra\bac\bce\bee\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd
Same as -\b-B\bB.
- e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs Use an emacs-style command line editing inter-
+ e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs Use an emacs-style command line editing inter-
face. This is enabled by default when the shell
is interactive, unless the shell is started with
- the -\b--\b-n\bno\boe\bed\bdi\bit\bti\bin\bng\bg option. This also affects the
+ the -\b--\b-n\bno\boe\bed\bdi\bit\bti\bin\bng\bg option. This also affects the
editing interface used for r\bre\bea\bad\bd -\b-e\be.
e\ber\brr\brt\btr\bra\bac\bce\be
Same as -\b-E\bE.
H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY. This option is on by default in inter-
active shells.
i\big\bgn\bno\bor\bre\bee\beo\bof\bf
- The effect is as if the shell command
- ``IGNOREEOF=10'' had been executed (see S\bSh\bhe\bel\bll\bl
+ The effect is as if the shell command
+ ``IGNOREEOF=10'' had been executed (see S\bSh\bhe\bel\bll\bl
V\bVa\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\bes\bs above).
k\bke\bey\byw\bwo\bor\brd\bd Same as -\b-k\bk.
m\bmo\bon\bni\bit\bto\bor\br Same as -\b-m\bm.
p\bph\bhy\bys\bsi\bic\bca\bal\bl
Same as -\b-P\bP.
p\bpi\bip\bpe\bef\bfa\bai\bil\bl
- If set, the return value of a pipeline is the
- value of the last (rightmost) command to exit
- with a non-zero status, or zero if all commands
- in the pipeline exit successfully. This option
+ If set, the return value of a pipeline is the
+ value of the last (rightmost) command to exit
+ with a non-zero status, or zero if all commands
+ in the pipeline exit successfully. This option
is disabled by default.
- p\bpo\bos\bsi\bix\bx Change the behavior of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh where the default
- operation differs from the POSIX standard to
+ p\bpo\bos\bsi\bix\bx Change the behavior of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh where the default
+ operation differs from the POSIX standard to
match the standard (_\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be).
p\bpr\bri\biv\bvi\bil\ble\beg\bge\bed\bd
Same as -\b-p\bp.
v\bve\ber\brb\bbo\bos\bse\be Same as -\b-v\bv.
- v\bvi\bi Use a vi-style command line editing interface.
+ v\bvi\bi Use a vi-style command line editing interface.
This also affects the editing interface used for
r\bre\bea\bad\bd -\b-e\be.
x\bxt\btr\bra\bac\bce\be Same as -\b-x\bx.
If -\b-o\bo is supplied with no _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, the values of the
- current options are printed. If +\b+o\bo is supplied with no
- _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, a series of s\bse\bet\bt commands to recreate the
- current option settings is displayed on the standard
+ current options are printed. If +\b+o\bo is supplied with no
+ _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, a series of s\bse\bet\bt commands to recreate the
+ current option settings is displayed on the standard
output.
- -\b-p\bp Turn on _\bp_\br_\bi_\bv_\bi_\bl_\be_\bg_\be_\bd mode. In this mode, the $\b$E\bEN\bNV\bV and
- $\b$B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_E\bEN\bNV\bV files are not processed, shell functions are
- not inherited from the environment, and the S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bLO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS,
- C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH, and G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE variables, if they appear in the
- environment, are ignored. If the shell is started with
+ -\b-p\bp Turn on _\bp_\br_\bi_\bv_\bi_\bl_\be_\bg_\be_\bd mode. In this mode, the $\b$E\bEN\bNV\bV and
+ $\b$B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_E\bEN\bNV\bV files are not processed, shell functions are
+ not inherited from the environment, and the S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bLO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS,
+ C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH, and G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE variables, if they appear in the
+ environment, are ignored. If the shell is started with
the effective user (group) id not equal to the real user
- (group) id, and the -\b-p\bp option is not supplied, these
- actions are taken and the effective user id is set to
- the real user id. If the -\b-p\bp option is supplied at
- startup, the effective user id is not reset. Turning
- this option off causes the effective user and group ids
+ (group) id, and the -\b-p\bp option is not supplied, these
+ actions are taken and the effective user id is set to
+ the real user id. If the -\b-p\bp option is supplied at
+ startup, the effective user id is not reset. Turning
+ this option off causes the effective user and group ids
to be set to the real user and group ids.
-\b-t\bt Exit after reading and executing one command.
-\b-u\bu Treat unset variables and parameters other than the spe-
- cial parameters "@" and "*" as an error when performing
- parameter expansion. If expansion is attempted on an
- unset variable or parameter, the shell prints an error
- message, and, if not interactive, exits with a non-zero
+ cial parameters "@" and "*" as an error when performing
+ parameter expansion. If expansion is attempted on an
+ unset variable or parameter, the shell prints an error
+ message, and, if not interactive, exits with a non-zero
status.
-\b-v\bv Print shell input lines as they are read.
- -\b-x\bx After expanding each _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd, f\bfo\bor\br command, c\bca\bas\bse\be
+ -\b-x\bx After expanding each _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd, f\bfo\bor\br command, c\bca\bas\bse\be
command, s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt command, or arithmetic f\bfo\bor\br command, dis-
- play the expanded value of P\bPS\bS4\b4, followed by the command
+ play the expanded value of P\bPS\bS4\b4, followed by the command
and its expanded arguments or associated word list.
- -\b-B\bB The shell performs brace expansion (see B\bBr\bra\bac\bce\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn
+ -\b-B\bB The shell performs brace expansion (see B\bBr\bra\bac\bce\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn
above). This is on by default.
- -\b-C\bC If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh does not overwrite an existing file with
- the >\b>, >\b>&\b&, and <\b<>\b> redirection operators. This may be
+ -\b-C\bC If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh does not overwrite an existing file with
+ the >\b>, >\b>&\b&, and <\b<>\b> redirection operators. This may be
overridden when creating output files by using the redi-
rection operator >\b>|\b| instead of >\b>.
-\b-E\bE If set, any trap on E\bER\bRR\bR is inherited by shell functions,
- command substitutions, and commands executed in a sub-
- shell environment. The E\bER\bRR\bR trap is normally not inher-
+ command substitutions, and commands executed in a sub-
+ shell environment. The E\bER\bRR\bR trap is normally not inher-
ited in such cases.
-\b-H\bH Enable !\b! style history substitution. This option is on
by default when the shell is interactive.
- -\b-P\bP If set, the shell does not follow symbolic links when
- executing commands such as c\bcd\bd that change the current
+ -\b-P\bP If set, the shell does not follow symbolic links when
+ executing commands such as c\bcd\bd that change the current
working directory. It uses the physical directory
structure instead. By default, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh follows the logical
- chain of directories when performing commands which
+ chain of directories when performing commands which
change the current directory.
- -\b-T\bT If set, any traps on D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN are inherited by
- shell functions, command substitutions, and commands
- executed in a subshell environment. The D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and
+ -\b-T\bT If set, any traps on D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN are inherited by
+ shell functions, command substitutions, and commands
+ executed in a subshell environment. The D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and
R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN traps are normally not inherited in such cases.
- -\b--\b- If no arguments follow this option, then the positional
+ -\b--\b- If no arguments follow this option, then the positional
parameters are unset. Otherwise, the positional parame-
- ters are set to the _\ba_\br_\bgs, even if some of them begin
+ ters are set to the _\ba_\br_\bgs, even if some of them begin
with a -\b-.
- -\b- Signal the end of options, cause all remaining _\ba_\br_\bgs to
+ -\b- Signal the end of options, cause all remaining _\ba_\br_\bgs to
be assigned to the positional parameters. The -\b-x\bx and -\b-v\bv
options are turned off. If there are no _\ba_\br_\bgs, the posi-
tional parameters remain unchanged.
- The options are off by default unless otherwise noted. Using +
- rather than - causes these options to be turned off. The
- options can also be specified as arguments to an invocation of
- the shell. The current set of options may be found in $\b$-\b-. The
+ The options are off by default unless otherwise noted. Using +
+ rather than - causes these options to be turned off. The
+ options can also be specified as arguments to an invocation of
+ the shell. The current set of options may be found in $\b$-\b-. The
return status is always true unless an invalid option is encoun-
tered.
s\bsh\bhi\bif\bft\bt [_\bn]
- The positional parameters from _\bn+1 ... are renamed to $\b$1\b1 .\b..\b..\b..\b.
- Parameters represented by the numbers $\b$#\b# down to $\b$#\b#-_\bn+1 are
- unset. _\bn must be a non-negative number less than or equal to
- $\b$#\b#. If _\bn is 0, no parameters are changed. If _\bn is not given,
- it is assumed to be 1. If _\bn is greater than $\b$#\b#, the positional
- parameters are not changed. The return status is greater than
+ The positional parameters from _\bn+1 ... are renamed to $\b$1\b1 .\b..\b..\b..\b.
+ Parameters represented by the numbers $\b$#\b# down to $\b$#\b#-_\bn+1 are
+ unset. _\bn must be a non-negative number less than or equal to
+ $\b$#\b#. If _\bn is 0, no parameters are changed. If _\bn is not given,
+ it is assumed to be 1. If _\bn is greater than $\b$#\b#, the positional
+ parameters are not changed. The return status is greater than
zero if _\bn is greater than $\b$#\b# or less than zero; otherwise 0.
s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt [-\b-p\bpq\bqs\bsu\bu] [-\b-o\bo] [_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
Toggle the values of variables controlling optional shell behav-
ior. With no options, or with the -\b-p\bp option, a list of all set-
table options is displayed, with an indication of whether or not
- each is set. The -\b-p\bp option causes output to be displayed in a
- form that may be reused as input. Other options have the fol-
+ each is set. The -\b-p\bp option causes output to be displayed in a
+ form that may be reused as input. Other options have the fol-
lowing meanings:
-\b-s\bs Enable (set) each _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.
-\b-u\bu Disable (unset) each _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.
- -\b-q\bq Suppresses normal output (quiet mode); the return status
+ -\b-q\bq Suppresses normal output (quiet mode); the return status
indicates whether the _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is set or unset. If multi-
- ple _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given with -\b-q\bq, the return sta-
- tus is zero if all _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are enabled; non-zero other-
+ ple _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given with -\b-q\bq, the return sta-
+ tus is zero if all _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are enabled; non-zero other-
wise.
- -\b-o\bo Restricts the values of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be to be those defined for
+ -\b-o\bo Restricts the values of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be to be those defined for
the -\b-o\bo option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin.
- If either -\b-s\bs or -\b-u\bu is used with no _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments, the dis-
+ If either -\b-s\bs or -\b-u\bu is used with no _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments, the dis-
play is limited to those options which are set or unset, respec-
- tively. Unless otherwise noted, the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt options are disabled
+ tively. Unless otherwise noted, the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt options are disabled
(unset) by default.
- The return status when listing options is zero if all _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs
- are enabled, non-zero otherwise. When setting or unsetting
- options, the return status is zero unless an _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a
+ The return status when listing options is zero if all _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs
+ are enabled, non-zero otherwise. When setting or unsetting
+ options, the return status is zero unless an _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a
valid shell option.
The list of s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt options is:
- a\bau\but\bto\boc\bcd\bd If set, a command name that is the name of a directory
- is executed as if it were the argument to the c\bcd\bd com-
+ a\bau\but\bto\boc\bcd\bd If set, a command name that is the name of a directory
+ is executed as if it were the argument to the c\bcd\bd com-
mand. This option is only used by interactive shells.
c\bcd\bda\bab\bbl\ble\be_\b_v\bva\bar\brs\bs
- If set, an argument to the c\bcd\bd builtin command that is
- not a directory is assumed to be the name of a variable
+ If set, an argument to the c\bcd\bd builtin command that is
+ not a directory is assumed to be the name of a variable
whose value is the directory to change to.
c\bcd\bds\bsp\bpe\bel\bll\bl If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory com-
- ponent in a c\bcd\bd command will be corrected. The errors
+ ponent in a c\bcd\bd command will be corrected. The errors
checked for are transposed characters, a missing charac-
- ter, and one character too many. If a correction is
- found, the corrected file name is printed, and the com-
- mand proceeds. This option is only used by interactive
+ ter, and one character too many. If a correction is
+ found, the corrected file name is printed, and the com-
+ mand proceeds. This option is only used by interactive
shells.
c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bkh\bha\bas\bsh\bh
If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh checks that a command found in the hash ta-
- ble exists before trying to execute it. If a hashed
- command no longer exists, a normal path search is per-
+ ble exists before trying to execute it. If a hashed
+ command no longer exists, a normal path search is per-
formed.
c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bkj\bjo\bob\bbs\bs
If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh lists the status of any stopped and running
- jobs before exiting an interactive shell. If any jobs
+ jobs before exiting an interactive shell. If any jobs
are running, this causes the exit to be deferred until a
- second exit is attempted without an intervening command
- (see J\bJO\bOB\bB C\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL above). The shell always postpones
+ second exit is attempted without an intervening command
+ (see J\bJO\bOB\bB C\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL above). The shell always postpones
exiting if any jobs are stopped.
c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bkw\bwi\bin\bns\bsi\biz\bze\be
- If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh checks the window size after each command
- and, if necessary, updates the values of L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bES\bS and C\bCO\bOL\bL-\b-
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh checks the window size after each command
+ and, if necessary, updates the values of L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bES\bS and C\bCO\bOL\bL-\b-
U\bUM\bMN\bNS\bS.
- c\bcm\bmd\bdh\bhi\bis\bst\bt If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts to save all lines of a multiple-
- line command in the same history entry. This allows
+ c\bcm\bmd\bdh\bhi\bis\bst\bt If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts to save all lines of a multiple-
+ line command in the same history entry. This allows
easy re-editing of multi-line commands.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt3\b31\b1
If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh changes its behavior to that of version 3.1
with respect to quoted arguments to the conditional com-
mand's =~ operator.
d\bdi\bir\brs\bsp\bpe\bel\bll\bl
- If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts spelling correction on directory
- names during word completion if the directory name ini-
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts spelling correction on directory
+ names during word completion if the directory name ini-
tially supplied does not exist.
- d\bdo\bot\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh includes filenames beginning with a `.' in
+ d\bdo\bot\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh includes filenames beginning with a `.' in
the results of pathname expansion.
e\bex\bxe\bec\bcf\bfa\bai\bil\bl
If set, a non-interactive shell will not exit if it can-
- not execute the file specified as an argument to the
- e\bex\bxe\bec\bc builtin command. An interactive shell does not
+ not execute the file specified as an argument to the
+ e\bex\bxe\bec\bc builtin command. An interactive shell does not
exit if e\bex\bxe\bec\bc fails.
e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd_\b_a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bse\bes\bs
- If set, aliases are expanded as described above under
+ If set, aliases are expanded as described above under
A\bAL\bLI\bIA\bAS\bSE\bES\bS. This option is enabled by default for interac-
tive shells.
e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg
- If set, behavior intended for use by debuggers is
+ If set, behavior intended for use by debuggers is
enabled:
1\b1.\b. The -\b-F\bF option to the d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be builtin displays the
source file name and line number corresponding to
each function name supplied as an argument.
- 2\b2.\b. If the command run by the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap returns a
- non-zero value, the next command is skipped and
+ 2\b2.\b. If the command run by the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap returns a
+ non-zero value, the next command is skipped and
not executed.
- 3\b3.\b. If the command run by the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap returns a
- value of 2, and the shell is executing in a sub-
- routine (a shell function or a shell script exe-
- cuted by the .\b. or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be builtins), a call to
+ 3\b3.\b. If the command run by the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap returns a
+ value of 2, and the shell is executing in a sub-
+ routine (a shell function or a shell script exe-
+ cuted by the .\b. or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be builtins), a call to
r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn is simulated.
- 4\b4.\b. B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGC\bC and B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGV\bV are updated as described
+ 4\b4.\b. B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGC\bC and B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGV\bV are updated as described
in their descriptions above.
- 5\b5.\b. Function tracing is enabled: command substitu-
+ 5\b5.\b. Function tracing is enabled: command substitu-
tion, shell functions, and subshells invoked with
(\b( _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd )\b) inherit the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN traps.
- 6\b6.\b. Error tracing is enabled: command substitution,
- shell functions, and subshells invoked with (\b(
+ 6\b6.\b. Error tracing is enabled: command substitution,
+ shell functions, and subshells invoked with (\b(
_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd )\b) inherit the E\bER\bRR\bRO\bOR\bR trap.
e\bex\bxt\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb If set, the extended pattern matching features described
above under P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn are enabled.
e\bex\bxt\btq\bqu\buo\bot\bte\be
- If set, $\b$'_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg' and $\b$"_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg" quoting is performed
- within $\b${\b{_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br}\b} expansions enclosed in double
+ If set, $\b$'_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg' and $\b$"_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg" quoting is performed
+ within $\b${\b{_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br}\b} expansions enclosed in double
quotes. This option is enabled by default.
f\bfa\bai\bil\blg\bgl\blo\bob\bb
- If set, patterns which fail to match filenames during
+ If set, patterns which fail to match filenames during
pathname expansion result in an expansion error.
f\bfo\bor\brc\bce\be_\b_f\bfi\big\bgn\bno\bor\bre\be
- If set, the suffixes specified by the F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE shell
- variable cause words to be ignored when performing word
+ If set, the suffixes specified by the F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE shell
+ variable cause words to be ignored when performing word
completion even if the ignored words are the only possi-
ble completions. See S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL V\bVA\bAR\bRI\bIA\bAB\bBL\bLE\bES\bS above for a
- description of F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE. This option is enabled by
+ description of F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE. This option is enabled by
default.
g\bgl\blo\bob\bbs\bst\bta\bar\br
If set, the pattern *\b**\b* used in a pathname expansion con-
If set, shell error messages are written in the standard
GNU error message format.
h\bhi\bis\bst\bta\bap\bpp\bpe\ben\bnd\bd
- If set, the history list is appended to the file named
- by the value of the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE variable when the shell
+ If set, the history list is appended to the file named
+ by the value of the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE variable when the shell
exits, rather than overwriting the file.
h\bhi\bis\bst\btr\bre\bee\bed\bdi\bit\bt
- If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, a user is given the
+ If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, a user is given the
opportunity to re-edit a failed history substitution.
h\bhi\bis\bst\btv\bve\ber\bri\bif\bfy\by
- If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, the results of his-
- tory substitution are not immediately passed to the
- shell parser. Instead, the resulting line is loaded
+ If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, the results of his-
+ tory substitution are not immediately passed to the
+ shell parser. Instead, the resulting line is loaded
into the r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be editing buffer, allowing further modi-
fication.
h\bho\bos\bst\btc\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be
If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh will attempt to
- perform hostname completion when a word containing a @\b@
- is being completed (see C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bin\bng\bg under R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE
+ perform hostname completion when a word containing a @\b@
+ is being completed (see C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bin\bng\bg under R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE
above). This is enabled by default.
h\bhu\bup\bpo\bon\bne\bex\bxi\bit\bt
If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh will send S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP to all jobs when an inter-
active login shell exits.
i\bin\bnt\bte\ber\bra\bac\bct\bti\biv\bve\be_\b_c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bts\bs
If set, allow a word beginning with #\b# to cause that word
- and all remaining characters on that line to be ignored
- in an interactive shell (see C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bME\bEN\bNT\bTS\bS above). This
+ and all remaining characters on that line to be ignored
+ in an interactive shell (see C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bME\bEN\bNT\bTS\bS above). This
option is enabled by default.
- l\bli\bit\bth\bhi\bis\bst\bt If set, and the c\bcm\bmd\bdh\bhi\bis\bst\bt option is enabled, multi-line
+ l\bli\bit\bth\bhi\bis\bst\bt If set, and the c\bcm\bmd\bdh\bhi\bis\bst\bt option is enabled, multi-line
commands are saved to the history with embedded newlines
rather than using semicolon separators where possible.
l\blo\bog\bgi\bin\bn_\b_s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl
- The shell sets this option if it is started as a login
- shell (see I\bIN\bNV\bVO\bOC\bCA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN above). The value may not be
+ The shell sets this option if it is started as a login
+ shell (see I\bIN\bNV\bVO\bOC\bCA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN above). The value may not be
changed.
m\bma\bai\bil\blw\bwa\bar\brn\bn
- If set, and a file that b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is checking for mail has
- been accessed since the last time it was checked, the
- message ``The mail in _\bm_\ba_\bi_\bl_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be has been read'' is dis-
+ If set, and a file that b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is checking for mail has
+ been accessed since the last time it was checked, the
+ message ``The mail in _\bm_\ba_\bi_\bl_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be has been read'' is dis-
played.
n\bno\bo_\b_e\bem\bmp\bpt\bty\by_\b_c\bcm\bmd\bd_\b_c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn
- If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh will not
+ If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh will not
attempt to search the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH for possible completions when
completion is attempted on an empty line.
n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\beg\bgl\blo\bob\bb
- If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh matches filenames in a case-insensitive
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh matches filenames in a case-insensitive
fashion when performing pathname expansion (see P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be
E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn above).
n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\bem\bma\bat\btc\bch\bh
- If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh matches patterns in a case-insensitive
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh matches patterns in a case-insensitive
fashion when performing matching while executing c\bca\bas\bse\be or
[\b[[\b[ conditional commands.
n\bnu\bul\bll\blg\bgl\blo\bob\bb
- If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh allows patterns which match no files (see
- P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn above) to expand to a null string,
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh allows patterns which match no files (see
+ P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn above) to expand to a null string,
rather than themselves.
p\bpr\bro\bog\bgc\bco\bom\bmp\bp
If set, the programmable completion facilities (see P\bPr\bro\bo-\b-
enabled by default.
p\bpr\bro\bom\bmp\bpt\btv\bva\bar\brs\bs
If set, prompt strings undergo parameter expansion, com-
- mand substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote
- removal after being expanded as described in P\bPR\bRO\bOM\bMP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bNG\bG
+ mand substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote
+ removal after being expanded as described in P\bPR\bRO\bOM\bMP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bNG\bG
above. This option is enabled by default.
r\bre\bes\bst\btr\bri\bic\bct\bte\bed\bd_\b_s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl
- The shell sets this option if it is started in
+ The shell sets this option if it is started in
restricted mode (see R\bRE\bES\bST\bTR\bRI\bIC\bCT\bTE\bED\bD S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL below). The value
- may not be changed. This is not reset when the startup
- files are executed, allowing the startup files to dis-
+ may not be changed. This is not reset when the startup
+ files are executed, allowing the startup files to dis-
cover whether or not a shell is restricted.
s\bsh\bhi\bif\bft\bt_\b_v\bve\ber\brb\bbo\bos\bse\be
- If set, the s\bsh\bhi\bif\bft\bt builtin prints an error message when
+ If set, the s\bsh\bhi\bif\bft\bt builtin prints an error message when
the shift count exceeds the number of positional parame-
ters.
s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\bep\bpa\bat\bth\bh
If set, the s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be (.\b.) builtin uses the value of P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH to
- find the directory containing the file supplied as an
+ find the directory containing the file supplied as an
argument. This option is enabled by default.
x\bxp\bpg\bg_\b_e\bec\bch\bho\bo
- If set, the e\bec\bch\bho\bo builtin expands backslash-escape
+ If set, the e\bec\bch\bho\bo builtin expands backslash-escape
sequences by default.
s\bsu\bus\bsp\bpe\ben\bnd\bd [-\b-f\bf]
- Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a S\bSI\bIG\bGC\bCO\bON\bNT\bT
+ Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a S\bSI\bIG\bGC\bCO\bON\bNT\bT
signal. A login shell cannot be suspended; the -\b-f\bf option can be
used to override this and force the suspension. The return sta-
- tus is 0 unless the shell is a login shell and -\b-f\bf is not sup-
+ tus is 0 unless the shell is a login shell and -\b-f\bf is not sup-
plied, or if job control is not enabled.
t\bte\bes\bst\bt _\be_\bx_\bp_\br
[\b[ _\be_\bx_\bp_\br ]\b]
- Return a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the
- conditional expression _\be_\bx_\bp_\br. Each operator and operand must be
- a separate argument. Expressions are composed of the primaries
- described above under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS. t\bte\bes\bst\bt does not
+ Return a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the
+ conditional expression _\be_\bx_\bp_\br. Each operator and operand must be
+ a separate argument. Expressions are composed of the primaries
+ described above under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS. t\bte\bes\bst\bt does not
accept any options, nor does it accept and ignore an argument of
-\b--\b- as signifying the end of options.
- Expressions may be combined using the following operators,
+ Expressions may be combined using the following operators,
listed in decreasing order of precedence. The evaluation
depends on the number of arguments; see below.
!\b! _\be_\bx_\bp_\br True if _\be_\bx_\bp_\br is false.
(\b( _\be_\bx_\bp_\br )\b)
- Returns the value of _\be_\bx_\bp_\br. This may be used to override
+ Returns the value of _\be_\bx_\bp_\br. This may be used to override
the normal precedence of operators.
_\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b1 -a\ba _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b2
True if both _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b1 and _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b2 are true.
null.
2 arguments
If the first argument is !\b!, the expression is true if and
- only if the second argument is null. If the first argu-
- ment is one of the unary conditional operators listed
- above under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS, the expression is
+ only if the second argument is null. If the first argu-
+ ment is one of the unary conditional operators listed
+ above under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS, the expression is
true if the unary test is true. If the first argument is
not a valid unary conditional operator, the expression is
false.
3 arguments
- If the second argument is one of the binary conditional
+ If the second argument is one of the binary conditional
operators listed above under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS, the
result of the expression is the result of the binary test
- using the first and third arguments as operands. The -\b-a\ba
- and -\b-o\bo operators are considered binary operators when
- there are three arguments. If the first argument is !\b!,
- the value is the negation of the two-argument test using
+ using the first and third arguments as operands. The -\b-a\ba
+ and -\b-o\bo operators are considered binary operators when
+ there are three arguments. If the first argument is !\b!,
+ the value is the negation of the two-argument test using
the second and third arguments. If the first argument is
exactly (\b( and the third argument is exactly )\b), the result
- is the one-argument test of the second argument. Other-
+ is the one-argument test of the second argument. Other-
wise, the expression is false.
4 arguments
If the first argument is !\b!, the result is the negation of
- the three-argument expression composed of the remaining
+ the three-argument expression composed of the remaining
arguments. Otherwise, the expression is parsed and eval-
- uated according to precedence using the rules listed
+ uated according to precedence using the rules listed
above.
5 or more arguments
- The expression is parsed and evaluated according to
+ The expression is parsed and evaluated according to
precedence using the rules listed above.
- t\bti\bim\bme\bes\bs Print the accumulated user and system times for the shell and
+ t\bti\bim\bme\bes\bs Print the accumulated user and system times for the shell and
for processes run from the shell. The return status is 0.
t\btr\bra\bap\bp [-\b-l\blp\bp] [[_\ba_\br_\bg] _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc ...]
- The command _\ba_\br_\bg is to be read and executed when the shell
- receives signal(s) _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc. If _\ba_\br_\bg is absent (and there is a
- single _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc) or -\b-, each specified signal is reset to its
- original disposition (the value it had upon entrance to the
- shell). If _\ba_\br_\bg is the null string the signal specified by each
- _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is ignored by the shell and by the commands it invokes.
- If _\ba_\br_\bg is not present and -\b-p\bp has been supplied, then the trap
- commands associated with each _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc are displayed. If no
- arguments are supplied or if only -\b-p\bp is given, t\btr\bra\bap\bp prints the
- list of commands associated with each signal. The -\b-l\bl option
- causes the shell to print a list of signal names and their cor-
- responding numbers. Each _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is either a signal name
- defined in <_\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\ba_\bl_\b._\bh>, or a signal number. Signal names are
+ The command _\ba_\br_\bg is to be read and executed when the shell
+ receives signal(s) _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc. If _\ba_\br_\bg is absent (and there is a
+ single _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc) or -\b-, each specified signal is reset to its
+ original disposition (the value it had upon entrance to the
+ shell). If _\ba_\br_\bg is the null string the signal specified by each
+ _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is ignored by the shell and by the commands it invokes.
+ If _\ba_\br_\bg is not present and -\b-p\bp has been supplied, then the trap
+ commands associated with each _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc are displayed. If no
+ arguments are supplied or if only -\b-p\bp is given, t\btr\bra\bap\bp prints the
+ list of commands associated with each signal. The -\b-l\bl option
+ causes the shell to print a list of signal names and their cor-
+ responding numbers. Each _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is either a signal name
+ defined in <_\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\ba_\bl_\b._\bh>, or a signal number. Signal names are
case insensitive and the SIG prefix is optional.
- If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is E\bEX\bXI\bIT\bT (0) the command _\ba_\br_\bg is executed on exit
- from the shell. If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG, the command _\ba_\br_\bg is exe-
- cuted before every _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd, _\bf_\bo_\br command, _\bc_\ba_\bs_\be command,
- _\bs_\be_\bl_\be_\bc_\bt command, every arithmetic _\bf_\bo_\br command, and before the
- first command executes in a shell function (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR
- above). Refer to the description of the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg option to the
+ If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is E\bEX\bXI\bIT\bT (0) the command _\ba_\br_\bg is executed on exit
+ from the shell. If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG, the command _\ba_\br_\bg is exe-
+ cuted before every _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd, _\bf_\bo_\br command, _\bc_\ba_\bs_\be command,
+ _\bs_\be_\bl_\be_\bc_\bt command, every arithmetic _\bf_\bo_\br command, and before the
+ first command executes in a shell function (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR
+ above). Refer to the description of the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg option to the
s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin for details of its effect on the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap. If a
_\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN, the command _\ba_\br_\bg is executed each time a shell
function or a script executed with the .\b. or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be builtins fin-
If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is E\bER\bRR\bR, the command _\ba_\br_\bg is executed whenever a sim-
ple command has a non-zero exit status, subject to the following
- conditions. The E\bER\bRR\bR trap is not executed if the failed command
- is part of the command list immediately following a w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be or
- u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl keyword, part of the test in an _\bi_\bf statement, part of a
- command executed in a &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b| list, or if the command's return
- value is being inverted via !\b!. These are the same conditions
+ conditions. The E\bER\bRR\bR trap is not executed if the failed command
+ is part of the command list immediately following a w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be or
+ u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl keyword, part of the test in an _\bi_\bf statement, part of a
+ command executed in a &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b| list, or if the command's return
+ value is being inverted via !\b!. These are the same conditions
obeyed by the e\ber\brr\bre\bex\bxi\bit\bt option.
- Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or
- reset. Trapped signals that are not being ignored are reset to
+ Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or
+ reset. Trapped signals that are not being ignored are reset to
their original values in a subshell or subshell environment when
- one is created. The return status is false if any _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is
+ one is created. The return status is false if any _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is
invalid; otherwise t\btr\bra\bap\bp returns true.
t\bty\byp\bpe\be [-\b-a\baf\bft\btp\bpP\bP] _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- With no options, indicate how each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be would be interpreted if
+ With no options, indicate how each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be would be interpreted if
used as a command name. If the -\b-t\bt option is used, t\bty\byp\bpe\be prints a
- string which is one of _\ba_\bl_\bi_\ba_\bs, _\bk_\be_\by_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn, _\bb_\bu_\bi_\bl_\bt_\bi_\bn, or
- _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be if _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is an alias, shell reserved word, function,
- builtin, or disk file, respectively. If the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not found,
- then nothing is printed, and an exit status of false is
- returned. If the -\b-p\bp option is used, t\bty\byp\bpe\be either returns the
+ string which is one of _\ba_\bl_\bi_\ba_\bs, _\bk_\be_\by_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn, _\bb_\bu_\bi_\bl_\bt_\bi_\bn, or
+ _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be if _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is an alias, shell reserved word, function,
+ builtin, or disk file, respectively. If the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not found,
+ then nothing is printed, and an exit status of false is
+ returned. If the -\b-p\bp option is used, t\bty\byp\bpe\be either returns the
name of the disk file that would be executed if _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be were speci-
fied as a command name, or nothing if ``type -t name'' would not
- return _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be. The -\b-P\bP option forces a P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH search for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be,
+ return _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be. The -\b-P\bP option forces a P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH search for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be,
even if ``type -t name'' would not return _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be. If a command is
- hashed, -\b-p\bp and -\b-P\bP print the hashed value, not necessarily the
+ hashed, -\b-p\bp and -\b-P\bP print the hashed value, not necessarily the
file that appears first in P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH. If the -\b-a\ba option is used, t\bty\byp\bpe\be
- prints all of the places that contain an executable named _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.
- This includes aliases and functions, if and only if the -\b-p\bp
- option is not also used. The table of hashed commands is not
- consulted when using -\b-a\ba. The -\b-f\bf option suppresses shell func-
- tion lookup, as with the c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd builtin. t\bty\byp\bpe\be returns true if
+ prints all of the places that contain an executable named _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.
+ This includes aliases and functions, if and only if the -\b-p\bp
+ option is not also used. The table of hashed commands is not
+ consulted when using -\b-a\ba. The -\b-f\bf option suppresses shell func-
+ tion lookup, as with the c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd builtin. t\bty\byp\bpe\be returns true if
all of the arguments are found, false if any are not found.
u\bul\bli\bim\bmi\bit\bt [-\b-H\bHS\bST\bTa\bab\bbc\bcd\bde\bef\bfi\bil\blm\bmn\bnp\bpq\bqr\brs\bst\btu\buv\bvx\bx [_\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt]]
- Provides control over the resources available to the shell and
- to processes started by it, on systems that allow such control.
+ Provides control over the resources available to the shell and
+ to processes started by it, on systems that allow such control.
The -\b-H\bH and -\b-S\bS options specify that the hard or soft limit is set
- for the given resource. A hard limit cannot be increased by a
- non-root user once it is set; a soft limit may be increased up
- to the value of the hard limit. If neither -\b-H\bH nor -\b-S\bS is speci-
+ for the given resource. A hard limit cannot be increased by a
+ non-root user once it is set; a soft limit may be increased up
+ to the value of the hard limit. If neither -\b-H\bH nor -\b-S\bS is speci-
fied, both the soft and hard limits are set. The value of _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt
can be a number in the unit specified for the resource or one of
the special values h\bha\bar\brd\bd, s\bso\bof\bft\bt, or u\bun\bnl\bli\bim\bmi\bit\bte\bed\bd, which stand for the
- current hard limit, the current soft limit, and no limit,
- respectively. If _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt is omitted, the current value of the
- soft limit of the resource is printed, unless the -\b-H\bH option is
+ current hard limit, the current soft limit, and no limit,
+ respectively. If _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt is omitted, the current value of the
+ soft limit of the resource is printed, unless the -\b-H\bH option is
given. When more than one resource is specified, the limit name
and unit are printed before the value. Other options are inter-
preted as follows:
-\b-c\bc The maximum size of core files created
-\b-d\bd The maximum size of a process's data segment
-\b-e\be The maximum scheduling priority ("nice")
- -\b-f\bf The maximum size of files written by the shell and its
+ -\b-f\bf The maximum size of files written by the shell and its
children
-\b-i\bi The maximum number of pending signals
-\b-l\bl The maximum size that may be locked into memory
- -\b-m\bm The maximum resident set size (many systems do not honor
+ -\b-m\bm The maximum resident set size (many systems do not honor
this limit)
-\b-n\bn The maximum number of open file descriptors (most systems
do not allow this value to be set)
-\b-r\br The maximum real-time scheduling priority
-\b-s\bs The maximum stack size
-\b-t\bt The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds
- -\b-u\bu The maximum number of processes available to a single
+ -\b-u\bu The maximum number of processes available to a single
user
- -\b-v\bv The maximum amount of virtual memory available to the
+ -\b-v\bv The maximum amount of virtual memory available to the
shell
-\b-x\bx The maximum number of file locks
-\b-T\bT The maximum number of threads
If _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt is given, it is the new value of the specified resource
(the -\b-a\ba option is display only). If no option is given, then -\b-f\bf
- is assumed. Values are in 1024-byte increments, except for -\b-t\bt,
- which is in seconds, -\b-p\bp, which is in units of 512-byte blocks,
- and -\b-T\bT, -\b-b\bb, -\b-n\bn, and -\b-u\bu, which are unscaled values. The return
+ is assumed. Values are in 1024-byte increments, except for -\b-t\bt,
+ which is in seconds, -\b-p\bp, which is in units of 512-byte blocks,
+ and -\b-T\bT, -\b-b\bb, -\b-n\bn, and -\b-u\bu, which are unscaled values. The return
status is 0 unless an invalid option or argument is supplied, or
an error occurs while setting a new limit.
u\bum\bma\bas\bsk\bk [-\b-p\bp] [-\b-S\bS] [_\bm_\bo_\bd_\be]
The user file-creation mask is set to _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be. If _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be begins with
- a digit, it is interpreted as an octal number; otherwise it is
- interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that accepted by
- _\bc_\bh_\bm_\bo_\bd(1). If _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be is omitted, the current value of the mask is
- printed. The -\b-S\bS option causes the mask to be printed in sym-
- bolic form; the default output is an octal number. If the -\b-p\bp
+ a digit, it is interpreted as an octal number; otherwise it is
+ interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that accepted by
+ _\bc_\bh_\bm_\bo_\bd(1). If _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be is omitted, the current value of the mask is
+ printed. The -\b-S\bS option causes the mask to be printed in sym-
+ bolic form; the default output is an octal number. If the -\b-p\bp
option is supplied, and _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be is omitted, the output is in a form
that may be reused as input. The return status is 0 if the mode
- was successfully changed or if no _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be argument was supplied,
+ was successfully changed or if no _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be argument was supplied,
and false otherwise.
u\bun\bna\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs [-a\ba] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- Remove each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be from the list of defined aliases. If -\b-a\ba is
- supplied, all alias definitions are removed. The return value
+ Remove each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be from the list of defined aliases. If -\b-a\ba is
+ supplied, all alias definitions are removed. The return value
is true unless a supplied _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a defined alias.
u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt [-f\bfv\bv] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- For each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, remove the corresponding variable or function.
+ For each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, remove the corresponding variable or function.
If no options are supplied, or the -\b-v\bv option is given, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
- refers to a shell variable. Read-only variables may not be
- unset. If -\b-f\bf is specified, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be refers to a shell func-
- tion, and the function definition is removed. Each unset vari-
- able or function is removed from the environment passed to sub-
- sequent commands. If any of R\bRA\bAN\bND\bDO\bOM\bM, S\bSE\bEC\bCO\bON\bND\bDS\bS, L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO, H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCM\bMD\bD,
+ refers to a shell variable. Read-only variables may not be
+ unset. If -\b-f\bf is specified, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be refers to a shell func-
+ tion, and the function definition is removed. Each unset vari-
+ able or function is removed from the environment passed to sub-
+ sequent commands. If any of R\bRA\bAN\bND\bDO\bOM\bM, S\bSE\bEC\bCO\bON\bND\bDS\bS, L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO, H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCM\bMD\bD,
F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE, G\bGR\bRO\bOU\bUP\bPS\bS, or D\bDI\bIR\bRS\bST\bTA\bAC\bCK\bK are unset, they lose their special
- properties, even if they are subsequently reset. The exit sta-
+ properties, even if they are subsequently reset. The exit sta-
tus is true unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is readonly.
w\bwa\bai\bit\bt [_\bn _\b._\b._\b.]
- Wait for each specified process and return its termination sta-
- tus. Each _\bn may be a process ID or a job specification; if a
- job spec is given, all processes in that job's pipeline are
- waited for. If _\bn is not given, all currently active child pro-
- cesses are waited for, and the return status is zero. If _\bn
- specifies a non-existent process or job, the return status is
- 127. Otherwise, the return status is the exit status of the
+ Wait for each specified process and return its termination sta-
+ tus. Each _\bn may be a process ID or a job specification; if a
+ job spec is given, all processes in that job's pipeline are
+ waited for. If _\bn is not given, all currently active child pro-
+ cesses are waited for, and the return status is zero. If _\bn
+ specifies a non-existent process or job, the return status is
+ 127. Otherwise, the return status is the exit status of the
last process or job waited for.
R\bRE\bES\bST\bTR\bRI\bIC\bCT\bTE\bED\bD S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL
If b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is started with the name r\brb\bba\bas\bsh\bh, or the -\b-r\br option is supplied at
- invocation, the shell becomes restricted. A restricted shell is used
- to set up an environment more controlled than the standard shell. It
- behaves identically to b\bba\bas\bsh\bh with the exception that the following are
+ invocation, the shell becomes restricted. A restricted shell is used
+ to set up an environment more controlled than the standard shell. It
+ behaves identically to b\bba\bas\bsh\bh with the exception that the following are
disallowed or not performed:
+\bo changing directories with c\bcd\bd
+\bo specifying command names containing /\b/
- +\bo specifying a file name containing a /\b/ as an argument to the .\b.
+ +\bo specifying a file name containing a /\b/ as an argument to the .\b.
builtin command
- +\bo Specifying a filename containing a slash as an argument to the
+ +\bo Specifying a filename containing a slash as an argument to the
-\b-p\bp option to the h\bha\bas\bsh\bh builtin command
- +\bo importing function definitions from the shell environment at
+ +\bo importing function definitions from the shell environment at
startup
- +\bo parsing the value of S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bLO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS from the shell environment at
+ +\bo parsing the value of S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bLO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS from the shell environment at
startup
+\bo redirecting output using the >, >|, <>, >&, &>, and >> redirect-
+\bo using the e\bex\bxe\bec\bc builtin command to replace the shell with another
command
- +\bo adding or deleting builtin commands with the -\b-f\bf and -\b-d\bd options
+ +\bo adding or deleting builtin commands with the -\b-f\bf and -\b-d\bd options
to the e\ben\bna\bab\bbl\ble\be builtin command
- +\bo Using the e\ben\bna\bab\bbl\ble\be builtin command to enable disabled shell
+ +\bo Using the e\ben\bna\bab\bbl\ble\be builtin command to enable disabled shell
builtins
+\bo specifying the -\b-p\bp option to the c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd builtin command
These restrictions are enforced after any startup files are read.
When a command that is found to be a shell script is executed (see C\bCO\bOM\bM-\b-
- M\bMA\bAN\bND\bD E\bEX\bXE\bEC\bCU\bUT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN above), r\brb\bba\bas\bsh\bh turns off any restrictions in the shell
+ M\bMA\bAN\bND\bD E\bEX\bXE\bEC\bCU\bUT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN above), r\brb\bba\bas\bsh\bh turns off any restrictions in the shell
spawned to execute the script.
S\bSE\bEE\bE A\bAL\bLS\bSO\bO
_\bB_\ba_\bs_\bh _\bR_\be_\bf_\be_\br_\be_\bn_\bc_\be _\bM_\ba_\bn_\bu_\ba_\bl, Brian Fox and Chet Ramey
_\bT_\bh_\be _\bG_\bn_\bu _\bR_\be_\ba_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be _\bL_\bi_\bb_\br_\ba_\br_\by, Brian Fox and Chet Ramey
_\bT_\bh_\be _\bG_\bn_\bu _\bH_\bi_\bs_\bt_\bo_\br_\by _\bL_\bi_\bb_\br_\ba_\br_\by, Brian Fox and Chet Ramey
- _\bP_\bo_\br_\bt_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be _\bO_\bp_\be_\br_\ba_\bt_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bS_\by_\bs_\bt_\be_\bm _\bI_\bn_\bt_\be_\br_\bf_\ba_\bc_\be _\b(_\bP_\bO_\bS_\bI_\bX_\b) _\bP_\ba_\br_\bt _\b2_\b: _\bS_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl _\ba_\bn_\bd _\bU_\bt_\bi_\bl_\bi_\b-
+ _\bP_\bo_\br_\bt_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be _\bO_\bp_\be_\br_\ba_\bt_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bS_\by_\bs_\bt_\be_\bm _\bI_\bn_\bt_\be_\br_\bf_\ba_\bc_\be _\b(_\bP_\bO_\bS_\bI_\bX_\b) _\bP_\ba_\br_\bt _\b2_\b: _\bS_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl _\ba_\bn_\bd _\bU_\bt_\bi_\bl_\bi_\b-
_\bt_\bi_\be_\bs, IEEE
_\bs_\bh(1), _\bk_\bs_\bh(1), _\bc_\bs_\bh(1)
_\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs(1), _\bv_\bi(1)
_\b~_\b/_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\br_\bc
The individual per-interactive-shell startup file
_\b~_\b/_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\b__\bl_\bo_\bg_\bo_\bu_\bt
- The individual login shell cleanup file, executed when a login
+ The individual login shell cleanup file, executed when a login
shell exits
_\b~_\b/_\b._\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc
Individual _\br_\be_\ba_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be initialization file
B\bBU\bUG\bG R\bRE\bEP\bPO\bOR\bRT\bTS\bS
If you find a bug in b\bba\bas\bsh\bh,\b, you should report it. But first, you should
- make sure that it really is a bug, and that it appears in the latest
- version of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh. The latest version is always available from
+ make sure that it really is a bug, and that it appears in the latest
+ version of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh. The latest version is always available from
_\bf_\bt_\bp_\b:_\b/_\b/_\bf_\bt_\bp_\b._\bg_\bn_\bu_\b._\bo_\br_\bg_\b/_\bp_\bu_\bb_\b/_\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\b/.
- Once you have determined that a bug actually exists, use the _\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\bb_\bu_\bg
- command to submit a bug report. If you have a fix, you are encouraged
- to mail that as well! Suggestions and `philosophical' bug reports may
- be mailed to _\bb_\bu_\bg_\b-_\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\b@_\bg_\bn_\bu_\b._\bo_\br_\bg or posted to the Usenet newsgroup
+ Once you have determined that a bug actually exists, use the _\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\bb_\bu_\bg
+ command to submit a bug report. If you have a fix, you are encouraged
+ to mail that as well! Suggestions and `philosophical' bug reports may
+ be mailed to _\bb_\bu_\bg_\b-_\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\b@_\bg_\bn_\bu_\b._\bo_\br_\bg or posted to the Usenet newsgroup
g\bgn\bnu\bu.\b.b\bba\bas\bsh\bh.\b.b\bbu\bug\bg.
ALL bug reports should include:
A description of the bug behaviour
A short script or `recipe' which exercises the bug
- _\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\bb_\bu_\bg inserts the first three items automatically into the template
+ _\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\bb_\bu_\bg inserts the first three items automatically into the template
it provides for filing a bug report.
Comments and bug reports concerning this manual page should be directed
Shell builtin commands and functions are not stoppable/restartable.
Compound commands and command sequences of the form `a ; b ; c' are not
- handled gracefully when process suspension is attempted. When a
- process is stopped, the shell immediately executes the next command in
- the sequence. It suffices to place the sequence of commands between
- parentheses to force it into a subshell, which may be stopped as a
+ handled gracefully when process suspension is attempted. When a
+ process is stopped, the shell immediately executes the next command in
+ the sequence. It suffices to place the sequence of commands between
+ parentheses to force it into a subshell, which may be stopped as a
unit.
Array variables may not (yet) be exported.
below), the programmable completion facilities are invoked.
.PP
First, the command name is identified.
+If the command word is the empty string (completion attempted at the
+beginning of an empty line), any compspec defined with
+the \fB\-E\fP option to \fBcomplete\fP is used.
If a compspec has been defined for that command, the
compspec is used to generate the list of possible completions for the word.
If the command word is a full pathname, a compspec for the full
pathname is searched for first.
If no compspec is found for the full pathname, an attempt is made to
find a compspec for the portion following the final slash.
+If those searches to not result in a compspec, any compspec defined with
+the \fB\-D\fP option to \fBcomplete\fP is used as the default.
.PP
Once a compspec has been found, it is used to generate the list of
matching words.
to completed names which are symbolic links to directories, subject to
the value of the \fBmark\-directories\fP readline variable, regardless
of the setting of the \fBmark-symlinked\-directories\fP readline variable.
+.PP
+There is some support for dynamically modifying completions. This is
+most useful when used in combination with a default completion specified
+with \fBcomplete -D\fP.
+It's possible for shell functions executed as completion
+handlers to indicate that completion should be retried by returning an
+exit status of 124. If a shell function returns 124, and changes
+the compspec associated with the command on which completion is being
+attempted (supplied as the first argument when the function is executed),
+programmable completion restarts from the beginning, with an
+attempt to find a compspec for that command. This allows a set of
+completions to be built dynamically as completion is attempted, rather than
+being loaded all at once.
+.PP
+For instance, assuming that there is a library of compspecs, each kept in a
+file corresponding to the name of the command, the following default
+completion function would load completions dynamically:
+.PP
+\f(CW_completion_loader()
+.br
+{
+.br
+ . "/etc/bash_completion.d/$1.sh" >/dev/null 2>&1 && return 124
+.br
+}
+.br
+complete -D -F _completion_loader
+.br
+\fP
.SH HISTORY
When the
.B \-o history
The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied, or no
matches were generated.
.TP
-\fBcomplete\fP [\fB\-abcdefgjksuv\fP] [\fB\-o\fP \fIcomp-option\fP] [\fB\-E\fP] [\fB\-A\fP \fIaction\fP] [\fB\-G\fP \fIglobpat\fP] [\fB\-W\fP \fIwordlist\fP] [\fB\-F\fP \fIfunction\fP] [\fB\-C\fP \fIcommand\fP]
+\fBcomplete\fP [\fB\-abcdefgjksuv\fP] [\fB\-o\fP \fIcomp-option\fP] [\fB\-DE\fP] [\fB\-A\fP \fIaction\fP] [\fB\-G\fP \fIglobpat\fP] [\fB\-W\fP \fIwordlist\fP] [\fB\-F\fP \fIfunction\fP] [\fB\-C\fP \fIcommand\fP]
.br
[\fB\-X\fP \fIfilterpat\fP] [\fB\-P\fP \fIprefix\fP] [\fB\-S\fP \fIsuffix\fP] \fIname\fP [\fIname ...\fP]
.PD 0
.TP
-\fBcomplete\fP \fB\-pr\fP [\fB\-E\fP] [\fIname\fP ...]
+\fBcomplete\fP \fB\-pr\fP [\fB\-DE\fP] [\fIname\fP ...]
.PD
Specify how arguments to each \fIname\fP should be completed.
If the \fB\-p\fP option is supplied, or if no options are supplied,
The \fB\-r\fP option removes a completion specification for
each \fIname\fP, or, if no \fIname\fPs are supplied, all
completion specifications.
+The \fB\-D\fP option indicates that the remaining options and actions should
+apply to the ``default'' command completion; that is, completion attempted
+on a command for which no completion has previously been defined.
The \fB\-E\fP option indicates that the remaining options and actions should
apply to ``empty'' command completion; that is, completion attempted on a
blank line.
an error occurs adding a completion specification.
.RE
.TP
-\fBcompopt\fP [\fB\-o\fP \fIoption\fP] [\fB+o\fP \fIoption\fP] [\fIname\fP]
+\fBcompopt\fP [\fB\-o\fP \fIoption\fP] [\fB\-DE\fP] [\fB+o\fP \fIoption\fP] [\fIname\fP]
Modify completion options for each \fIname\fP according to the
\fIoption\fPs, or for the
currently-execution completion if no \fIname\fPs are supplied.
\fIname\fP or the current completion.
The possible values of \fIoption\fP are those valid for the \fBcomplete\fP
builtin described above.
+The \fB\-D\fP option indicates that the remaining options should
+apply to the ``default'' command completion; that is, completion attempted
+on a command for which no completion has previously been defined.
+The \fB\-E\fP option indicates that the remaining options should
+apply to ``empty'' command completion; that is, completion attempted on a
+blank line.
.PP
The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied, an attempt
is made to modify the options for a \fIname\fP for which no completion
</HEAD>
<BODY><TABLE WIDTH=100%>
<TR>
-<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>BASH(1)<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2009 June 17<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
+<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>BASH(1)<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2009 July 30<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
</TR>
</TABLE>
<BR><A HREF="#index">Index</A>
<FONT SIZE=-1><B>HOSTFILE</B>
</FONT>
-is set, but has no value, <B>bash</B> attempts to read
+is set, but has no value, or does not name a readable file,
+<B>bash</B> attempts to read
<I>/etc/hosts</I>
through the list.
This command is intended to be bound to <B>TAB</B>, but is unbound
by default.
+<DT><B>menu-complete-rd</B>
+
+<DD>
+Identical to <B>menu-complete</B>, but moves backward through the list
+of possible completions, as if <B>menu-complete</B> had been given a
+negative argument. This command is unbound by default.
<DT><B>delete-char-or-list</B>
<DD>
<P>
The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied, or no
matches were generated.
-<DT><B>complete</B> [<B>-abcdefgjksuv</B>] [<B>-o</B> <I>comp-option</I>] [<B>-E</B>] [<B>-A</B> <I>action</I>] [<B>-G</B> <I>globpat</I>] [<B>-W</B> <I>wordlist</I>] [<B>-F</B> <I>function</I>] [<B>-C</B> <I>command</I>]<DD>
+<DT><B>complete</B> [<B>-abcdefgjksuv</B>] [<B>-o</B> <I>comp-option</I>] [<B>-DE</B>] [<B>-A</B> <I>action</I>] [<B>-G</B> <I>globpat</I>] [<B>-W</B> <I>wordlist</I>] [<B>-F</B> <I>function</I>] [<B>-C</B> <I>command</I>]<DD>
<BR>
[<B>-X</B> <I>filterpat</I>] [<B>-P</B> <I>prefix</I>] [<B>-S</B> <I>suffix</I>] <I>name</I> [<I>name ...</I>]
-<DT><B>complete</B> <B>-pr</B> [<B>-E</B>] [<I>name</I> ...]<DD>
+<DT><B>complete</B> <B>-pr</B> [<B>-DE</B>] [<I>name</I> ...]<DD>
Specify how arguments to each <I>name</I> should be completed.
If the <B>-p</B> option is supplied, or if no options are supplied,
The <B>-r</B> option removes a completion specification for
each <I>name</I>, or, if no <I>name</I>s are supplied, all
completion specifications.
+The <B>-D</B> option indicates that the remaining options and actions should
+apply to the ``default'' command completion; that is, completion attempted
+on a command for which no completion has previously been defined.
The <B>-E</B> option indicates that the remaining options and actions should
apply to ``empty'' command completion; that is, completion attempted on a
blank line.
an error occurs adding a completion specification.
</DL>
-<DT><B>compopt</B> [<B>-o</B> <I>option</I>] [<B>+o</B> <I>option</I>] [<I>name</I>]<DD>
+<DT><B>compopt</B> [<B>-o</B> <I>option</I>] [<B>-DE</B>] [<B>+o</B> <I>option</I>] [<I>name</I>]<DD>
Modify completion options for each <I>name</I> according to the
<I>option</I>s, or for the
currently-execution completion if no <I>name</I>s are supplied.
<I>name</I> or the current completion.
The possible values of <I>option</I> are those valid for the <B>complete</B>
builtin described above.
+The <B>-D</B> option indicates that the remaining options should
+apply to the ``default'' command completion; that is, completion attempted
+on a command for which no completion has previously been defined.
+The <B>-E</B> option indicates that the remaining options should
+apply to ``empty'' command completion; that is, completion attempted on a
+blank line.
</DL>
<P>
<HR>
<TABLE WIDTH=100%>
<TR>
-<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>GNU Bash-4.0<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2009 June 17<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
+<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>GNU Bash-4.0<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2009 July 30<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
</TR>
</TABLE>
<HR>
</DL>
<HR>
This document was created by man2html from bash.1.<BR>
-Time: 17 June 2009 08:51:37 EDT
+Time: 03 August 2009 10:10:44 EDT
</BODY>
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-(ch\255backward \(M\255C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.544(Ac)144 420 S 1.044
-(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.544 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.544(dt).15 G
+2.783(dp).15 G .283(osition, and the old)-2.783 F(cursor position is sa)
+144 400.8 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(da).15 G 2.5(st)-2.5 G(he mark.)-2.5 E F1
+(character\255sear)108 412.8 Q(ch \(C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.036(Ac)144
+424.8 S .536(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.036 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
+3.035(dt).15 G 3.035(ot)-3.035 G .535(he ne)-3.035 F .535
+(xt occurrence of that character)-.15 F 5.535(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05
+(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .835 -.15(ve c)-.25 H(ount).15 E(searches for pre)
+144 436.8 Q(vious occurrences.)-.25 E F1(character\255sear)108 448.8 Q
+(ch\255backward \(M\255C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.543(Ac)144 460.8 S 1.043
+(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.543 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.544(dt).15 G
3.544(ot)-3.544 G 1.044(he pre)-3.544 F 1.044
-(vious occurrence of that character)-.25 F 6.043(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E
+(vious occurrence of that character)-.25 F 6.044(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E
-.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(count searches for subsequent occurrences.)144 432 Q F1
-(insert\255comment \(M\255#\))108 444 Q F0 -.4(Wi)144 456 S .48
-(thout a numeric ar).4 F .48(gument, the v)-.18 F .481
+(count searches for subsequent occurrences.)144 472.8 Q F1
+(insert\255comment \(M\255#\))108 484.8 Q F0 -.4(Wi)144 496.8 S .481
+(thout a numeric ar).4 F .481(gument, the v)-.18 F .481
(alue of the readline)-.25 F F1(comment\255begin)2.981 E F0 -.25(va)
-2.981 G .481(riable is inserted at the).25 F(be)144 468 Q .098
-(ginning of the current line.)-.15 F .098(If a numeric ar)5.098 F .097
-(gument is supplied, this command acts as a toggle:)-.18 F(if)5.097 E
-.321(the characters at the be)144 480 R .321
+2.981 G .48(riable is inserted at the).25 F(be)144 508.8 Q .097
+(ginning of the current line.)-.15 F .098(If a numeric ar)5.097 F .098
+(gument is supplied, this command acts as a toggle:)-.18 F(if)5.098 E
+.322(the characters at the be)144 520.8 R .321
(ginning of the line do not match the v)-.15 F .321(alue of)-.25 F F1
-(comment\255begin)2.821 E F0 2.822(,t)C .322(he v)-2.822 F .322(alue is)
--.25 F .832(inserted, otherwise the characters in)144 492 R F1
-(comment\255begin)3.332 E F0 .831(are deleted from the be)3.332 F .831
-(ginning of the line.)-.15 F 1.468
-(In either case, the line is accepted as if a ne)144 504 R 1.468
-(wline had been typed.)-.25 F 1.469(The def)6.469 F 1.469(ault v)-.1 F
-1.469(alue of)-.25 F F1(com-)3.969 E(ment\255begin)144 516 Q F0 .84
-(causes this command to mak)3.34 F 3.339(et)-.1 G .839
-(he current line a shell comment.)-3.339 F .839(If a numeric ar)5.839 F
-(gu-)-.18 E(ment causes the comment character to be remo)144 528 Q -.15
-(ve)-.15 G(d, the line will be e).15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G
-(cuted by the shell.).15 E F1(glob\255complete\255w)108 540 Q
-(ord \(M\255g\))-.1 E F0 .791(The w)144 552 R .791
-(ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F .792
-(xpansion, with an asterisk implicitly)-.15 F 2.5(appended. This)144 564
-R(pattern is used to generate a list of matching \214le names for possi\
-ble completions.)2.5 E F1(glob\255expand\255w)108 576 Q
-(ord \(C\255x *\))-.1 E F0 .372(The w)144 588 R .372
-(ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F .371
+(comment\255begin)2.821 E F0 2.821(,t)C .321(he v)-2.821 F .321(alue is)
+-.25 F .831(inserted, otherwise the characters in)144 532.8 R F1
+(comment\255begin)3.331 E F0 .832(are deleted from the be)3.331 F .832
+(ginning of the line.)-.15 F 1.469
+(In either case, the line is accepted as if a ne)144 544.8 R 1.468
+(wline had been typed.)-.25 F 1.468(The def)6.468 F 1.468(ault v)-.1 F
+1.468(alue of)-.25 F F1(com-)3.968 E(ment\255begin)144 556.8 Q F0 .839
+(causes this command to mak)3.339 F 3.339(et)-.1 G .839
+(he current line a shell comment.)-3.339 F .84(If a numeric ar)5.84 F
+(gu-)-.18 E(ment causes the comment character to be remo)144 568.8 Q
+-.15(ve)-.15 G(d, the line will be e).15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G
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+(ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F .791
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+604.8 R(pattern is used to generate a list of matching \214le names for\
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(xpansion, and the list of matching \214le)-.15 F .516
-(names is inserted, replacing the w)144 600 R 3.016(ord. If)-.1 F 3.016
-(an)3.016 G .516(umeric ar)-3.016 F .516
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(gument is supplied, an asterisk is appended before pathname)-.18 F -.15
-(ex)144 660 S(pansion.).15 E F1(dump\255functions)108 672 Q F0 .627
-(Print all of the functions and their k)144 684 R .927 -.15(ey b)-.1 H
-.626(indings to the readline output stream.).15 F .626(If a numeric ar)
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-(ment is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)144 696 Q
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%%Page: 44 44
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--.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(dump\255v)108 84 Q(ariables)-.1 E F0 1.799
-(Print all of the settable readline v)144 96 R 1.799
-(ariables and their v)-.25 F 1.8(alues to the readline output stream.)
--.25 F 1.8(If a)6.8 F .305(numeric ar)144 108 R .304
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+(Print all of the functions and their k)144 96 R .926 -.15(ey b)-.1 H
+.627(indings to the readline output stream.).15 F .627(If a numeric ar)
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+(ment is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)144 108 Q
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(gument is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)-.18 F .304
-(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(inputr)
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-(equences bound to macros and the strings the).15 F 3.093(yo)-.15 G
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+(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(inputr)144 156 Q(c)-.37 E F0
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.528(gument is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)-.18 F .528
-(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(inputr)3.027 E(c)-.37 E F0
-(\214le.)144 168 Q F1(display\255shell\255v)108 180 Q
-(ersion \(C\255x C\255v\))-.1 E F0(Display v)144 192 Q
+(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(inputr)3.028 E(c)-.37 E F0
+(\214le.)144 204 Q F1(display\255shell\255v)108 216 Q
+(ersion \(C\255x C\255v\))-.1 E F0(Display v)144 228 Q
(ersion information about the current instance of)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E
-F0(.)A F1(Pr)87 208.8 Q(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0 .146(When w)108
-220.8 R .147(ord completion is attempted for an ar)-.1 F .147
+F0(.)A F1(Pr)87 244.8 Q(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0 .147(When w)108
+256.8 R .147(ord completion is attempted for an ar)-.1 F .147
(gument to a command for which a completion speci\214cation \(a)-.18 F
-F2(compspec)108 232.8 Q F0 3.829(\)h)C 1.329
-(as been de\214ned using the)-3.829 F F1(complete)3.829 E F0 -.2(bu)
+F2(compspec)108 268.8 Q F0 3.828(\)h)C 1.329
+(as been de\214ned using the)-3.828 F F1(complete)3.829 E F0 -.2(bu)
3.829 G 1.329(iltin \(see).2 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.329(SHELL B)3.829
-F(UIL)-.09 E 1.329(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.579 E 1.328(w\), the)
--.25 F(programmable completion f)108 244.8 Q(acilities are in)-.1 E -.2
-(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E .333
-(First, the command name is identi\214ed.)108 261.6 R .334
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+(First, the command name is identi\214ed.)108 297.6 R .333
(If a compspec has been de\214ned for that command, the compspec is)
-5.333 F .587
-(used to generate the list of possible completions for the w)108 273.6 R
-3.087(ord. If)-.1 F .587(the command w)3.087 F .586
-(ord is a full pathname, a)-.1 F 1.18
-(compspec for the full pathname is searched for \214rst.)108 285.6 R
-1.181(If no compspec is found for the full pathname, an)6.181 F
-(attempt is made to \214nd a compspec for the portion follo)108 297.6 Q
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+(used to generate the list of possible completions for the w)108 309.6 R
+3.087(ord. If)-.1 F .587(the command w)3.087 F .587
+(ord is a full pathname, a)-.1 F 1.181
+(compspec for the full pathname is searched for \214rst.)108 321.6 R
+1.18(If no compspec is found for the full pathname, an)6.181 F
+(attempt is made to \214nd a compspec for the portion follo)108 333.6 Q
(wing the \214nal slash.)-.25 E .817(Once a compspec has been found, it\
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+ is used to generate the list of matching w)108 350.4 R 3.317(ords. If)
-.1 F 3.317(ac)3.317 G .817(ompspec is not)-3.317 F(found, the def)108
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-.463(First, the actions speci\214ed by the compspec are used.)108 343.2
-R .464(Only matches which are pre\214x)5.464 F .464(ed by the w)-.15 F
-.464(ord being)-.1 F .596(completed are returned.)108 355.2 R .596
-(When the)5.596 F F1<ad66>3.096 E F0(or)3.095 E F1<ad64>3.095 E F0 .595
+.464(First, the actions speci\214ed by the compspec are used.)108 379.2
+R .463(Only matches which are pre\214x)5.464 F .463(ed by the w)-.15 F
+.463(ord being)-.1 F .595(completed are returned.)108 391.2 R .595
+(When the)5.595 F F1<ad66>3.095 E F0(or)3.095 E F1<ad64>3.095 E F0 .596
(option is used for \214lename or directory name completion, the)3.095 F
-(shell v)108 367.2 Q(ariable)-.25 E F3(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0
-(is used to \214lter the matches.)2.25 E(An)108 384 Q 4.084(yc)-.15 G
+(shell v)108 403.2 Q(ariable)-.25 E F3(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0
+(is used to \214lter the matches.)2.25 E(An)108 420 Q 4.084(yc)-.15 G
1.584(ompletions speci\214ed by a pathname e)-4.084 F 1.584
(xpansion pattern to the)-.15 F F1<ad47>4.084 E F0 1.584
-(option are generated ne)4.084 F 4.084(xt. The)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 396 S
-.555(rds generated by the pattern need not match the w).1 F .554
-(ord being completed.)-.1 F(The)5.554 E F3(GLOBIGNORE)3.054 E F0 .554
-(shell v)2.804 F(ari-)-.25 E
-(able is not used to \214lter the matches, b)108 408 Q(ut the)-.2 E F3
-(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G(riable is used.).25 E(Ne)108 424.8 Q
-.32(xt, the string speci\214ed as the ar)-.15 F .32(gument to the)-.18 F
-F1<ad57>2.82 E F0 .321(option is considered.)2.821 F .321
-(The string is \214rst split using the)5.321 F .413(characters in the)
-108 436.8 R F3(IFS)2.913 E F0 .412(special v)2.663 F .412
+(option are generated ne)4.084 F 4.084(xt. The)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 432 S
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+(ord being completed.)-.1 F(The)5.555 E F3(GLOBIGNORE)3.055 E F0 .555
+(shell v)2.805 F(ari-)-.25 E
+(able is not used to \214lter the matches, b)108 444 Q(ut the)-.2 E F3
+(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G(riable is used.).25 E(Ne)108 460.8 Q
+.321(xt, the string speci\214ed as the ar)-.15 F .321(gument to the)-.18
+F F1<ad57>2.821 E F0 .32(option is considered.)2.821 F .32
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(ariable as delimiters.)-.25 F .412(Shell quoting is honored.)5.412 F
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-(using brace e)108 448.8 R .091(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .092
-(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .092(ariable e)-.25 F .092
-(xpansion, command substitution, and arith-)-.15 F 1.397(metic e)108
-460.8 R 1.396(xpansion, as described abo)-.15 F 1.696 -.15(ve u)-.15 H
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+(using brace e)108 484.8 R .092(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .092
+(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .092(ariable e)-.25 F .091
+(xpansion, command substitution, and arith-)-.15 F 1.396(metic e)108
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(nder).15 E F3(EXP)3.896 E(ANSION)-.666 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0
1.396(The results are split using the rules described)5.896 F(abo)108
-472.8 Q .509 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.75(Wo)2.709 G .209
-(rd Splitting).75 F F0 5.209(.T)C .209(he results of the e)-5.209 F .209
-(xpansion are pre\214x-matched ag)-.15 F .21(ainst the w)-.05 F .21
-(ord being com-)-.1 F(pleted, and the matching w)108 484.8 Q
-(ords become the possible completions.)-.1 E 1.238
-(After these matches ha)108 501.6 R 1.538 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.238
-(een generated, an).15 F 3.738(ys)-.15 G 1.237
-(hell function or command speci\214ed with the)-3.738 F F1<ad46>3.737 E
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+508.8 Q .51 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.75(Wo)2.71 G .21
+(rd Splitting).75 F F0 5.21(.T)C .209(he results of the e)-5.21 F .209
+(xpansion are pre\214x-matched ag)-.15 F .209(ainst the w)-.05 F .209
+(ord being com-)-.1 F(pleted, and the matching w)108 520.8 Q
+(ords become the possible completions.)-.1 E 1.237
+(After these matches ha)108 537.6 R 1.537 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.237
+(een generated, an).15 F 3.737(ys)-.15 G 1.238
+(hell function or command speci\214ed with the)-3.737 F F1<ad46>3.738 E
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(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 5.875(d. When).1 F 3.375
(the command or function is in)5.875 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.375
-(d, the).1 F F3(COMP_LINE)5.876 E F4(,)A F3(COMP_POINT)5.626 E F4(,)A F3
-(COMP_KEY)108 525.6 Q F4(,)A F0(and)2.408 E F3(COMP_TYPE)2.658 E F0 -.25
-(va)2.408 G .157(riables are assigned v).25 F .157
-(alues as described abo)-.25 F .457 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 .157
-(Shell V)2.657 F(ariables)-.92 E F0 5.157(.I)C(f)-5.157 E 3.485(as)108
-537.6 S .986(hell function is being in)-3.485 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G
+(d, the).1 F F3(COMP_LINE)5.875 E F4(,)A F3(COMP_POINT)5.625 E F4(,)A F3
+(COMP_KEY)108 561.6 Q F4(,)A F0(and)2.407 E F3(COMP_TYPE)2.657 E F0 -.25
+(va)2.407 G .157(riables are assigned v).25 F .157
+(alues as described abo)-.25 F .457 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 .158
+(Shell V)2.658 F(ariables)-.92 E F0 5.158(.I)C(f)-5.158 E 3.486(as)108
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(COMP_CW)3.486 E(ORD)-.09 E F0 -.25(va)3.236 G .986
-(riables are also set.).25 F(When)5.986 E .609
-(the function or command is in)108 549.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .608
+(riables are also set.).25 F(When)5.985 E .608
+(the function or command is in)108 585.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .608
(d, the \214rst ar).1 F .608(gument is the name of the command whose ar)
--.18 F .608(guments are)-.18 F .073(being completed, the second ar)108
-561.6 R .073(gument is the w)-.18 F .073
+-.18 F .609(guments are)-.18 F .073(being completed, the second ar)108
+597.6 R .073(gument is the w)-.18 F .073
(ord being completed, and the third ar)-.1 F .073(gument is the w)-.18 F
-.073(ord pre-)-.1 F .608(ceding the w)108 573.6 R .607
-(ord being completed on the current command line.)-.1 F .607
-(No \214ltering of the generated completions)5.607 F(ag)108 585.6 Q .093
+.072(ord pre-)-.1 F .607(ceding the w)108 609.6 R .607
+(ord being completed on the current command line.)-.1 F .608
+(No \214ltering of the generated completions)5.607 F(ag)108 621.6 Q .094
(ainst the w)-.05 F .093(ord being completed is performed; the function\
or command has complete freedom in generat-)-.1 F(ing the matches.)108
-597.6 Q(An)108 614.4 Q 2.938(yf)-.15 G .437(unction speci\214ed with)
--2.93
8 F F1<ad46>2.937 E F0 .437(is in)2.937 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G
+633.6 Q(An)108 650.4 Q 2.937(yf)-.15 G .437(unction speci\214ed with)
+-2.93
7 F F1<ad46>2.937 E F0 .437(is in)2.937 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G
2.937<648c>.1 G 2.937(rst. The)-2.937 F .437(function may use an)2.937 F
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-(acilities, including)-.1 F(the)108 626.4 Q F1(compgen)2.956 E F0 -.2
-(bu)2.956 G .456(iltin described belo).2 F 1.756 -.65(w, t)-.25 H 2.956
-(og).65 G .456(enerate the matches.)-2.956 F .457
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3.526 E(w)-.15 E F0 .666(with a single backslash.)3.476 F .666
(If & appears in)5.666 F F2(ne)3.166 E(w)-.15 E F0 3.166(,i).31 G 3.166
(ti)-3.166 G 3.166(sr)-3.166 G .666(eplaced by)-3.166 F F2(old)3.166 E
-F0 5.666(.A).77 G .274(single backslash will quote the &.)144 410.4 R
-(If)5.274 E F2(old)3.004 E F0 .274(is null, it is set to the last)3.544
-F F2(old)3.005 E F0 .275(substituted, or)3.545 F 2.775(,i)-.4 G 2.775
-(fn)-2.775 G 2.775(op)-2.775 G(re)-2.775 E(vi-)-.25 E
+F0 5.666(.A).77 G .275(single backslash will quote the &.)144 410.4 R
+(If)5.275 E F2(old)3.004 E F0 .274(is null, it is set to the last)3.544
+F F2(old)3.004 E F0 .274(substituted, or)3.544 F 2.774(,i)-.4 G 2.774
+(fn)-2.774 G 2.774(op)-2.774 G(re)-2.774 E(vi-)-.25 E
(ous history substitutions took place, the last)144 422.4 Q F2(string)
2.84 E F0(in a)2.72 E F1(!?)2.5 E F2(string)A F1([?])A F0(search.)5 E F1
(&)108 434.4 Q F0(Repeat the pre)27.67 E(vious substitution.)-.25 E F1
-(g)108 446.4 Q F0 .398(Cause changes to be applied o)31 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
-2.898(rt).15 G .398(he entire e)-2.898 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .398(nt line.)
-.15 F .397(This is used in conjunction with `)5.398 F F1(:s)A F0 2.897
-('\()C(e.g.,)-2.897 E(`)144 458.4 Q F1(:gs/)A F2(old)A F1(/)A F2(ne)A(w)
--.15 E F1(/)A F0 1.218('\) or `)B F1(:&)A F0 3.718('. If)B 1.218
-(used with `)3.718 F F1(:s)A F0 1.218(', an)B 3.718(yd)-.15 G 1.219
-(elimiter can be used in place of /, and the \214nal)-3.718 F .09
+(g)108 446.4 Q F0 .397(Cause changes to be applied o)31 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
+2.897(rt).15 G .398(he entire e)-2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .398(nt line.)
+.15 F .398(This is used in conjunction with `)5.398 F F1(:s)A F0 2.898
+('\()C(e.g.,)-2.898 E(`)144 458.4 Q F1(:gs/)A F2(old)A F1(/)A F2(ne)A(w)
+-.15 E F1(/)A F0 1.219('\) or `)B F1(:&)A F0 3.719('. If)B 1.219
+(used with `)3.719 F F1(:s)A F0 1.218(', an)B 3.718(yd)-.15 G 1.218
+(elimiter can be used in place of /, and the \214nal)-3.718 F .089
(delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the e)144 470.4 R
--.15(ve)-.25 G .089(nt line.).15 F(An)5.089 E F1(a)2.589 E F0 .089
-(may be used as a synon)2.589 F .089(ym for)-.15 F F1(g)144 482.4 Q F0
-(.)A F1(G)108 494.4 Q F0(Apply the follo)28.22 E(wing `)-.25 E F1(s)A F0
-2.5('m)C(odi\214er once to each w)-2.5 E(ord in the e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25
-G(nt line.).15 E/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)72 511.2 Q(UIL)-.11 E
-(TIN COMMANDS)-1.007 E F0 .062(Unless otherwise noted, each b)108 523.2
+-.15(ve)-.25 G .09(nt line.).15 F(An)5.09 E F1(a)2.59 E F0 .09
+(may be used as a synon)2.59 F .09(ym for)-.15 F F1(g)144 482.4 Q F0(.)A
+F1(G)108 494.4 Q F0(Apply the follo)28.22 E(wing `)-.25 E F1(s)A F0 2.5
+('m)C(odi\214er once to each w)-2.5 E(ord in the e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
+(nt line.).15 E/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)72 511.2 Q(UIL)-.11 E
+(TIN COMMANDS)-1.007 E F0 .063(Unless otherwise noted, each b)108 523.2
R .062(uiltin command documented in this section as accepting options p\
-receded by)-.2 F F1<ad>108 535.2 Q F0(accepts)2.534 E F1<adad>2.534 E F0
-.034(to signify the end of the options.)2.534 F(The)5.034 E F1(:)2.534 E
+receded by)-.2 F F1<ad>108 535.2 Q F0(accepts)2.533 E F1<adad>2.533 E F0
+.034(to signify the end of the options.)2.533 F(The)5.034 E F1(:)2.534 E
F0(,)A F1(true)2.534 E F0(,)A F1(false)2.534 E F0 2.534(,a)C(nd)-2.534 E
-F1(test)2.534 E F0 -.2(bu)2.534 G .033(iltins do not accept options and)
-.2 F .07
7(do not treat)108 547.2 R F1<adad>2.577 E F0(specially)2.577 E
+F1(test)2.534 E F0 -.2(bu)2.534 G .034(iltins do not accept options and)
+.2 F .07
8(do not treat)108 547.2 R F1<adad>2.577 E F0(specially)2.577 E
5.077(.T)-.65 G(he)-5.077 E F1(exit)2.577 E F0(,)A F1(logout)2.577 E F0
(,)A F1(br)2.577 E(eak)-.18 E F0(,)A F1(continue)2.577 E F0(,)A F1(let)
2.577 E F0 2.577(,a)C(nd)-2.577 E F1(shift)2.577 E F0 -.2(bu)2.577 G
-.077(iltins accept and process ar).2 F(gu-)-.18 E .32(ments be)108 559.2
-R .32(ginning with)-.15 F F1<ad>2.82 E F0 .32(without requiring)2.82 F
-F1<adad>2.82 E F0 5.319(.O)C .319(ther b)-5.319 F .319
-(uiltins that accept ar)-.2 F .319(guments b)-.18 F .319
-(ut are not speci\214ed as)-.2 F 1.143(accepting options interpret ar)
-108 571.2 R 1.14
3(guments be)-.18 F 1.143(ginning with)-.15 F F1<ad>
+.077(iltins accept and process ar).2 F(gu-)-.18 E .319(ments be)108
+559.2 R .319(ginning with)-.15 F F1<ad>2.819 E F0 .319
+(without requiring)2.819 F F1<adad>2.819 E F0 5.319(.O)C .319(ther b)
+-5.319 F .319(uiltins that accept ar)-.2 F .32(guments b)-.18 F .32
+(ut are not speci\214ed as)-.2 F 1.144(accepting options interpret ar)
+108 571.2 R 1.14
4(guments be)-.18 F 1.144(ginning with)-.15 F F1<ad>
3.643 E F0 1.143(as in)3.643 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.143
-(lid options and require).25 F F1<adad>3.644 E F0 1.144(to pre)3.644 F
--.15(ve)-.25 G 1.144(nt this).15 F(interpretation.)108 583.2 Q F1(:)108
-601.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .452(No ef)144 613.2 R
-.452(fect; the command does nothing be)-.25 F .452(yond e)-.15 F
-(xpanding)-.15 E F2(ar)3.282 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .451(and performing an)
-3.221 F 2.951(ys)-.15 G(peci\214ed)-2.951 E 2.5(redirections. A)144
+(lid options and require).25 F F1<adad>3.643 E F0 1.143(to pre)3.643 F
+-.15(ve)-.25 G 1.143(nt this).15 F(interpretation.)108 583.2 Q F1(:)108
+601.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .451(No ef)144 613.2 R
+.451(fect; the command does nothing be)-.25 F .452(yond e)-.15 F
+(xpanding)-.15 E F2(ar)3.282 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .452(and performing an)
+3.222 F 2.952(ys)-.15 G(peci\214ed)-2.952 E 2.5(redirections. A)144
625.2 R(zero e)2.5 E(xit code is returned.)-.15 E F1(.)110.5 642 Q F2
(\214lename)6.666 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A F1(sour)108
654 Q(ce)-.18 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0
R/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .608
(are used to \214nd the directory containing)2.858 F F2(\214lename)3.108
E F0 5.608(.T).18 G .608(he \214le searched for in)-5.608 F F4 -.666(PA)
-3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .833(need not be e)144 702 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.333
-(cutable. When).15 F F1(bash)3.333 E F0 .832(is not in)3.333 F F2 .832
-(posix mode)3.332 F F0 3.332(,t)C .832
-(he current directory is searched if no)-3.332 F .981
+3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .832(need not be e)144 702 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.332
+(cutable. When).15 F F1(bash)3.332 E F0 .832(is not in)3.332 F F2 .832
+(posix mode)3.332 F F0 3.332(,t)C .833
+(he current directory is searched if no)-3.332 F .982
(\214le is found in)144 714 R F4 -.666(PA)3.481 G(TH)-.189 E/F5 9
/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .981(If the)5.481 F F1(sour)3.481 E(cepath)-.18
E F0 .981(option to the)3.481 F F1(shopt)3.481 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981
-(iltin command is turned of).2 F .982(f, the)-.25 F F4 -.666(PA)144 726
-S(TH)-.189 E F0 .112(is not searched.)2.363 F .112(If an)5.112 F(y)-.15
+(iltin command is turned of).2 F .981(f, the)-.25 F F4 -.666(PA)144 726
+S(TH)-.189 E F0 .112(is not searched.)2.362 F .112(If an)5.112 F(y)-.15
E F2(ar)2.612 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .112(are supplied, the)2.612 F 2.612
(yb)-.15 G .112(ecome the positional parameters when)-2.612 F
-(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 June 17)147.345 E(47)197.335 E 0 Cg EP
+(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E(47)198.165 E 0 Cg EP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(\214lename)144 84 Q F0 .341(is e)2.841 F
--.15(xe)-.15 G 2.841(cuted. Otherwise).15 F .341
-(the positional parameters are unchanged.)2.841 F .342
-(The return status is the)5.342 F .716(status of the last command e)144
+-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(\214lename)144 84 Q F0 .342(is e)2.842 F
+-.15(xe)-.15 G 2.842(cuted. Otherwise).15 F .342
+(the positional parameters are unchanged.)2.842 F .341
+(The return status is the)5.341 F .716(status of the last command e)144
96 R .716(xited within the script \(0 if no commands are e)-.15 F -.15
-(xe)-.15 G .716(cuted\), and f).15 F .715(alse if)-.1 F F1(\214lename)
+(xe)-.15 G .716(cuted\), and f).15 F .716(alse if)-.1 F F1(\214lename)
145.91 108 Q F0(is not found or cannot be read.)2.68 E/F2 10
/Times-Bold@0 SF(alias)108 124.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F1
(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F1(value)A F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E F2(Alias)144
-136.8 Q F0 2.724(with no ar)5.224 F 2.724(guments or with the)-.18 F F2
+136.8 Q F0 2.725(with no ar)5.225 F 2.724(guments or with the)-.18 F F2
<ad70>5.224 E F0 2.724(option prints the list of aliases in the form)
-5.224 F F2(alias)5.225 E F1(name)144 148.8 Q F0(=)A F1(value)A F0 .58
+5.224 F F2(alias)5.224 E F1(name)144 148.8 Q F0(=)A F1(value)A F0 .58
(on standard output.)3.08 F .58(When ar)5.58 F .58
(guments are supplied, an alias is de\214ned for each)-.18 F F1(name)
3.08 E F0(whose)144 160.8 Q F1(value)2.895 E F0 .395(is gi)2.895 F -.15
(ord to be check)-.1 F .395(ed for alias sub-)-.1 F .054
(stitution when the alias is e)144 172.8 R 2.554(xpanded. F)-.15 F .054
(or each)-.15 F F1(name)2.554 E F0 .054(in the ar)2.554 F .054
-(gument list for which no)-.18 F F1(value)2.554 E F0 .053(is sup-)2.553
-F 1.313(plied, the name and v)144 184.8 R 1.314
+(gument list for which no)-.18 F F1(value)2.554 E F0 .054(is sup-)2.554
+F 1.314(plied, the name and v)144 184.8 R 1.314
(alue of the alias is printed.)-.25 F F2(Alias)6.314 E F0 1.314
-(returns true unless a)3.814 F F1(name)3.814 E F0 1.314(is gi)3.814 F
--.15(ve)-.25 G 3.814(nf).15 G(or)-3.814 E
+(returns true unless a)3.814 F F1(name)3.814 E F0 1.313(is gi)3.814 F
+-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.813(nf).15 G(or)-3.813 E
(which no alias has been de\214ned.)144 196.8 Q F2(bg)108 213.6 Q F0([)
-2.5 E F1(jobspec)A F0(...])2.5 E .745(Resume each suspended job)144
-225.6 R F1(jobspec)3.245 E F0 .745
-(in the background, as if it had been started with)3.245 F F2(&)3.244 E
-F0 5.744(.I)C(f)-5.744 E F1(job-)4.984 E(spec)144 237.6 Q F0 .671
-(is not present, the shell')3.481 F 3.171(sn)-.55 G .672(otion of the)
--3.171 F F1(curr)3.172 E .672(ent job)-.37 F F0 .672(is used.)3.172 F F2
-(bg)5.672 E F1(jobspec)4.912 E F0 .672(returns 0 unless run)3.482 F .419
+2.5 E F1(jobspec)A F0(...])2.5 E .744(Resume each suspended job)144
+225.6 R F1(jobspec)3.244 E F0 .745
+(in the background, as if it had been started with)3.244 F F2(&)3.245 E
+F0 5.745(.I)C(f)-5.745 E F1(job-)4.985 E(spec)144 237.6 Q F0 .672
+(is not present, the shell')3.482 F 3.172(sn)-.55 G .672(otion of the)
+-3.172 F F1(curr)3.172 E .672(ent job)-.37 F F0 .672(is used.)3.172 F F2
+(bg)5.671 E F1(jobspec)4.911 E F0 .671(returns 0 unless run)3.481 F .418
(when job control is disabled or)144 249.6 R 2.919(,w)-.4 G .419
-(hen run with job control enabled, an)-2.919 F 2.918(ys)-.15 G
-(peci\214ed)-2.918 E F1(jobspec)2.918 E F0 -.1(wa)2.918 G 2.918(sn).1 G
-(ot)-2.918 E(found or w)144 261.6 Q(as started without job control.)-.1
+(hen run with job control enabled, an)-2.919 F 2.919(ys)-.15 G
+(peci\214ed)-2.919 E F1(jobspec)2.919 E F0 -.1(wa)2.919 G 2.919(sn).1 G
+(ot)-2.919 E(found or w)144 261.6 Q(as started without job control.)-.1
E F2(bind)108 278.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6d>A F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0
2.5(][)C F2(\255lpsvPSV)-2.5 E F0(])A F2(bind)108 290.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2
<ad6d>A F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad71>-2.5 E F1
(shell\255command)A F2(bind)108 326.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6d>A F1 -.1(ke)
2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F1
(function\255name)A F2(bind)108 338.4 Q F1 -.37(re)2.5 G
-(adline\255command).37 E F0 .238(Display current)144 350.4 R F2 -.18(re)
-2.738 G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(ke)2.738 G 2.738(ya)-.05 G .239
-(nd function bindings, bind a k)-2.738 F .539 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .239
-(equence to a).15 F F2 -.18(re)2.739 G(adline).18 E F0 .239(function or)
-2.739 F .476(macro, or set a)144 362.4 R F2 -.18(re)2.976 G(adline).18 E
-F0 -.25(va)2.976 G 2.976(riable. Each).25 F .476(non-option ar)2.976 F
-.475(gument is a command as it w)-.18 F .475(ould appear in)-.1 F F1
-(.inputr)144 374.4 Q(c)-.37 E F0 2.983(,b).31 G .484
-(ut each binding or command must be passed as a separate ar)-3.183 F
-.484(gument; e.g., '"\\C\255x\\C\255r":)-.18 F 2.5
+(adline\255command).37 E F0 .239(Display current)144 350.4 R F2 -.18(re)
+2.739 G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(ke)2.739 G 2.739(ya)-.05 G .239
+(nd function bindings, bind a k)-2.739 F .539 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .238
+(equence to a).15 F F2 -.18(re)2.738 G(adline).18 E F0 .238(function or)
+2.738 F .475(macro, or set a)144 362.4 R F2 -.18(re)2.975 G(adline).18 E
+F0 -.25(va)2.975 G 2.975(riable. Each).25 F .476(non-option ar)2.976 F
+.476(gument is a command as it w)-.18 F .476(ould appear in)-.1 F F1
+(.inputr)144 374.4 Q(c)-.37 E F0 2.984(,b).31 G .484
+(ut each binding or command must be passed as a separate ar)-3.184 F
+.483(gument; e.g., '"\\C\255x\\C\255r":)-.18 F 2.5
(re\255read\255init\255\214le'. Options,)144 386.4 R(if supplied, ha)2.5
E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2<ad6d>144
-398.4 Q F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(Use)180 410.4 Q F1 -.1(ke)5.159 G
-(ymap)-.2 E F0 2.659(as the k)5.349 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.658(map to be af)
-.15 F 2.658(fected by the subsequent bindings.)-.25 F(Acceptable)7.658 E
-F1 -.1(ke)180 422.4 S(ymap)-.2 E F0 3.192(names are)5.882 F F1 3.192
-(emacs, emacs\255standar)5.692 F 3.193
+398.4 Q F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(Use)180 410.4 Q F1 -.1(ke)5.158 G
+(ymap)-.2 E F0 2.658(as the k)5.348 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.658(map to be af)
+.15 F 2.659(fected by the subsequent bindings.)-.25 F(Acceptable)7.659 E
+F1 -.1(ke)180 422.4 S(ymap)-.2 E F0 3.193(names are)5.883 F F1 3.193
+(emacs, emacs\255standar)5.693 F 3.192
(d, emacs\255meta, emacs\255ctlx, vi, vi\255mo)-.37 F(ve)-.1 E(,)-.1 E
-(vi\255command)180 434.4 Q F0 4.43(,a)C(nd)-4.43 E F1(vi\255insert)4.429
-E F0(.).68 E F1(vi)6.929 E F0 1.929(is equi)4.429 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.929
-(lent to).25 F F1(vi\255command)4.429 E F0(;)A F1(emacs)4.429 E F0 1.929
-(is equi)4.429 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.929(lent to).25 F F1(emacs\255standar)
-180 446.4 Q(d)-.37 E F0(.)A F2<ad6c>144 458.4 Q F0
+(vi\255command)180 434.4 Q F0 4.429(,a)C(nd)-4.429 E F1(vi\255insert)
+4.429 E F0(.).68 E F1(vi)6.929 E F0 1.929(is equi)4.429 F -.25(va)-.25 G
+1.929(lent to).25 F F1(vi\255command)4.429 E F0(;)A F1(emacs)4.429 E F0
+1.929(is equi)4.429 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.93(lent to).25 F F1
+
(emacs\255standar)180 446.4 Q(d)-.37 E F0(.)A F2<ad6c>144 458.4 Q F0
(List the names of all)27.52 E F2 -.18(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0
(functions.)2.5 E F2<ad70>144 470.4 Q F0(Display)24.74 E F2 -.18(re)2.5
G(adline).18 E F0(function names and bindings in such a w)2.5 E
1.825(to be e)4.325 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.825(cuted whene).15 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G(r).15 E F1 -.1(ke)4.325 G(yseq)-.2 E F0 1.825(is entered.)4.325 F
(When)6.825 E F1(shell\255com-)4.325 E(mand)180 674.4 Q F0 1.113(is e)
-3.613 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.113(cuted, the shell sets the).15 F F2
+3.614 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.113(cuted, the shell sets the).15 F F2
(READLINE_LINE)3.613 E F0 -.25(va)3.613 G 1.113
(riable to the contents of the).25 F F2 -.18(re)180 686.4 S(adline).18 E
-F0 .587(line b)3.087 F(uf)-.2 E .587(fer and the)-.25 F F2
-(READLINE_POINT)3.087 E F0 -.25(va)3.087 G .586
-(riable to the current location of the).25 F 1.24(insertion point.)180
+F0 .586(line b)3.086 F(uf)-.2 E .586(fer and the)-.25 F F2
+(READLINE_POINT)3.087 E F0 -.25(va)3.087 G .587
+(riable to the current location of the).25 F 1.241(insertion point.)180
698.4 R 1.241(If the e)6.241 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.241
(cuted command changes the v).15 F 1.241(alue of)-.25 F F2
-(READLINE_LINE)3.741 E F0(or)3.741 E F2(READLINE_POINT)180 710.4 Q F0
-2.5(,t)C(hose ne)-2.5 E 2.5(wv)-.25 G
+(READLINE_LINE)3.741 E F0(or)3.74 E F2(READLINE_POINT)180 710.4 Q F0 2.5
+(,t)C(hose ne)-2.5 E 2.5(wv)-.25 G
(alues will be re\215ected in the editing state.)-2.75 E(The return v)
144 727.2 Q(alue is 0 unless an unrecognized option is gi)-.25 E -.15
(ve)-.25 G 2.5(no).15 G 2.5(ra)-2.5 G 2.5(ne)-2.5 G(rror occurred.)-2.5
-E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 June 17)147.345 E(48)197.335 E 0 Cg EP
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49 F F1<ad56>2.749 E F0(or)
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5 F F1<ad56>2.749 E F0(or)
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108 R .139(xisting completion speci\214cations are printed in a w)-.15 F
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588 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad63>2.5
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-(shopt)184 204 Q F0(Shell option names as accepted by the)16.66 E F1
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3.432(df).15 G .932(rom the v)-3.432 F .932(alue of the)-.25 F F2
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-F .455(is applied to the list of possible)2.956 F 1.596
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--.15(ve)-.2 G(been applied.)184 516 Q F1<ad53>144 528 Q F3(suf)2.5 E
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-(plied without a)144 556.8 R F3(name)3.861 E F0(ar)3.861 E 1.361
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+E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een applied.).15 E .466(The return v)144 580.8 R
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585.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6f>A F3(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C
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-(re supplied.)-3.225 F .725(If no)5.725 F F3(option)3.225 E F0 3.225(sa)
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-(n, display the completion options for).15 F(each)144 621.6 Q F3(name)
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621.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6f>A F3(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C
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+F .724(alid for the)-.25 F F1(com-)3.224 E(plete)144 669.6 Q F0 -.2(bu)
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(wline. The)-.25 F .394(return status is al)2.895 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .394
(ys 0.).1 F(If)5.394 E F1<ad6e>2.894 E F0 .548
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--.15(ve)-.25 G .548(n, interpretation of the fol-).15 F(lo)144 220.8 Q
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(Disabling a b)5.278 F .278(uiltin allo)-.2 F .278
(ws a disk command which has)-.25 F .833(the same name as a shell b)144
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-(abled; otherwise,)144 477.6 R F2(names)4.082 E F0 1.582(are enabled.)
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513.6 Q F1<ad64>
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607.2 Q F1<ad64>
2.867 E F0 .367(option will delete a b)2.867 F .367(uiltin pre)-.2 F
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525.6 R F1<ad70>
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619.2 R F1<ad70>
2.898 E F0 .399(option is supplied, a list of shell b)2.899 F .399
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(If)5.098 E F1<ad61>2.598 E F0 1.916
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(uiltins, with an indication of whether or not each is)-.2 F 2.879
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561.6 R F1<ad73>2.879 E F0 .379
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655.2 R F1<ad73>2.879 E F0 .379
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(to be e)3.908 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .638(cuted with an empty en).15 F 3.138
(vironment. If)-.4 F F1<ad61>3.138 E F0 .638
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-(ve s)-.25 H .064(hell returns f).15 F .064
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-(he return status is 1.)-2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(exit)108 124.8 Q F0
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-(xit with a status of)-.15 F F1(n)2.596 E F0 5.096(.I)C(f)-5.096 E F1(n)
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-(cuted. A).15 F(trap on)2.5 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(EXIT)2.5 E F0(is e)
-2.25 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted before the shell terminates.).15 E F2
-(export)108 153.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255fn)A F0 2.5(][).833 G F1(name)-2.5
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-.256(The supplied)144 177.6 R F1(names)3.117 E F0 .257(are mark)3.027 F
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-(vironment of subsequently e)-.4 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E 2.627
-(commands. If)144 189.6 R(the)2.627 E F2<ad66>2.627 E F0 .127
-(option is gi)2.627 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .127(n, the).15 F F1(names)2.987 E
-F0 .127(refer to functions.)2.897 F .127(If no)5.127 F F1(names)2.987 E
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-144 201.6 Q F0 .659(option is supplied, a list of all names that are e)
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-3.16 E F0(option)3.16 E 1.587(causes the e)144 213.6 R 1.587
+.15 F(non-interacti)144 172.8 Q .617 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .317(hell e).15 F
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+(n, or if the).15 F F1<ad70>144 302.4 Q F0 .659
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+(xported in this shell is printed.)-.15 F(The)5.66 E F1<ad6e>3.16 E F0
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(xport property to be remo)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.086(df).15 G 1.586
-(rom each)-4.086 F F1(name)4.086 E F0 6.586(.I)C 4.086(fav)-6.586 G
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-F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 2.803(,t)C .303(he v)-2.803 F .303(alue of the v)
--.25 F .304(ariable is set to)-.25 F F1(wor)2.804 E(d)-.37 E F0(.)A F2
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(export)5.304 E F0 .304(returns an e)2.804 F .304
(xit status of 0 unless an in)-.15 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .294
-(option is encountered, one of the)144 237.6 R F1(names)2.793 E F0 .293
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(is not a v)2.793 F .293(alid shell v)-.25 F .293(ariable name, or)-.25
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-249.6 Q F0(that is not a function.)2.68 E F2(fc)108 266.4 Q F0([)2.5 E
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-(cmd)-2.5 E F0(])A .477(Fix Command.)144 290.4 R .478
-(In the \214rst form, a range of commands from)5.477 F F1<8c72>4.888 E
-(st)-.1 E F0(to)3.658 E F1(last)3.068 E F0 .478
-(is selected from the his-)3.658 F .882(tory list.)144 302.4 R F1 -.45
-(Fi)5.882 G -.1(rs).45 G(t).1 E F0(and)4.062 E F1(last)3.472 E F0 .882
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+(In the \214rst form, a range of commands from)5.477 F F2<8c72>4.888 E
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+(is selected from the his-)3.658 F .882(tory list.)144 403.2 R F2 -.45
+(Fi)5.882 G -.1(rs).45 G(t).1 E F0(and)4.062 E F2(last)3.472 E F0 .882
(may be speci\214ed as a string \(to locate the last command be)4.062 F
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-314.4 R 3.297(xi)-.15 G .797(nto the history list, where a ne)-3.297 F
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-.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.097 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .797(umber is used as an)
-.15 F(of)144 326.4 Q .277(fset from the current command number\).)-.25 F
-(If)5.277 E F1(last)2.867 E F0 .276
+.15 F(of)144 427.2 Q .277(fset from the current command number\).)-.25 F
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(is not speci\214ed it is set to the current command)3.457 F .092
-(for listing \(so that)144 338.4 R/F4 10/Courier@0 SF .092
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(fc \255l \25510)2.592 F F0 .092(prints the last 10 commands\) and to)
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4.502 E(st)-.1 E F0 .093(is not)3.273 F
-(speci\214ed it is set to the pre)144 350.4 Q
-(vious command for editing and \25516 for listing.)-.25 E(The)144 374.4
-Q F
2<ad6e>2.522 E F0 .022
+(speci\214ed it is set to the pre)144 451.2 Q
+(vious command for editing and \25516 for listing.)-.25 E(The)144 475.2
+Q F
1<ad6e>2.522 E F0 .022
(option suppresses the command numbers when listing.)2.522 F(The)5.022 E
-F
2<ad72>2.522 E F0 .022(option re)2.522 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .022
-(rses the order of).15 F .438(the commands.)144 386.4 R .438(If the)
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2<ad6c>2.938 E F0 .438(option is gi)2.938 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .438
+F
1<ad72>2.522 E F0 .022(option re)2.522 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .022
+(rses the order of).15 F .438(the commands.)144 487.2 R .438(If the)
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1<ad6c>2.938 E F0 .438(option is gi)2.938 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .438
(n, the commands are listed on standard output.).15 F(Otherwise,)5.438 E
-.335(the editor gi)144 398.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.835(nb).15 G(y)-2.835 E
-F1(ename)3.025 E F0 .335(is in)3.015 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.835
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(do).1 G 2.835(na\214)-2.835 G .335(le containing those commands.)-2.835
-F(If)5.334 E F1(ename)3.024 E F0 .334(is not gi)3.014 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(n,).15 E .63(the v)144 410.4 R .63(alue of the)-.25 F F3(FCEDIT)3.13 E
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F0 -.25(va)2.88 G .631(riable is used, and the v).25 F .631(alue of)-.25
F F3(EDIT)3.131 E(OR)-.162 E F0(if)2.881 E F3(FCEDIT)3.131 E F0 .631
-(is not set.)2.881 F .631(If nei-)5.631 F .951(ther v)144 422.4 R .951
-(ariable is set,)-.25 F F1(vi)5.117 E F0 .951(is used.)5.117 F .95
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(When editing is complete, the edited commands are echoed and)5.951 F
--.15(exe)144 434.4 S(cuted.).15 E .039(In the second form,)144 458.4 R
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-(cuted after each instance of).15 F F1(pat)2.54 E F0 .04(is replaced by)
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2.906(,s)C 2.906(ot)-2.906 G .406(hat typing)-2.906 F F4 6.406(rc)2.906
G(c)-6.406 E F0 .406(runs the last command be)2.906 F .406(ginning with)
--.15 F F4(cc)144 482.4 Q F0(and typing)2.5 E F4(r)2.5 E F0(re-e)2.5 E
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-.15(xe)-.15 G(cutes the last command.).15 E .142
-(If the \214rst form is used, the return v)144 506.4 R .142
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(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .142
-(lid option is encountered or).25 F F1<8c72>4.552 E(st)-.1 E F0(or)3.322
-E F1(last)2.732 E F0 .455(specify history lines out of range.)144 518.4
-R .454(If the)5.454 F F
2<ad65>2.954 E F0 .454
+(lid option is encountered or).25 F F2<8c72>4.552 E(st)-.1 E F0(or)3.322
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1<ad65>2.954 E F0 .454
(option is supplied, the return v)2.954 F .454(alue is the v)-.25 F .454
-(alue of the)-.25 F .787(last command e)144 530.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .787
+(alue of the)-.25 F .787(last command e)144 631.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .787
(cuted or f).15 F .788
(ailure if an error occurs with the temporary \214le of commands.)-.1 F
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(second form is used, the return status is that of the command re-e)144
-542.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.135(cuted, unless).15 F F1(cmd)3.835 E F0 1.135
-(does not)4.405 F(specify a v)144 554.4 Q
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(ground, and mak)-.15 F 3.913(ei)-.1 G 3.913(tt)-3.913 G 1.413
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(is used.)3.117 F .617(The return v)5.617 F .616
-(alue is that of the command placed into the)-.25 F(fore)144 607.2 Q
-.362(ground, or f)-.15 F .362
-(ailure if run when job control is disabled or)-.1 F 2.862(,w)-.4 G .363
-(hen run with job control enabled, if)-2.862 F F1(jobspec)145.74 619.2 Q
-F0 .004(does not specify a v)2.815 F .004(alid job or)-.25 F F1(jobspec)
-4.244 E F0 .004(speci\214es a job that w)2.814 F .004
-(as started without job control.)-.1 F F2(getopts)108 636 Q F1
-(optstring name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1(ar)A(gs)-.37 E F0(])A F2(getopts)144
-648 Q F0 .793
-(is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters.)3.293 F F1
+(alue is that of the command placed into the)-.25 F(fore)144 708 Q .362
+(ground, or f)-.15 F .362(ailure if run when job control is disabled or)
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+(alid job or)-.25 F F2(jobspec)4.244 E F0 .004(speci\214es a job that w)
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+96 Q F0 .793
+(is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters.)3.293 F F2
(optstring)6.023 E F0 .793(contains the option)3.513 F .15
-(characters to be recognized; if a character is follo)144 660 R .149
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(wed by a colon, the option is e)-.25 F .149(xpected to ha)-.15 F .449
--.15(ve a)-.2 H(n).15 E(ar)144 672 Q .578
+-.15(ve a)-.2 H(n).15 E(ar)144 120 Q .578
(gument, which should be separated from it by white space.)-.18 F .579
(The colon and question mark char)5.579 F(-)-.2 E 1.665
-(acters may not be used as option characters.)144 684 R 1.665
-(Each time it is in)6.665 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d,).1 E F2(getopts)
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4.165 E F0 1.665(places the ne)4.165 F(xt)-.15 E .796
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3.477 F .797(xist, and the inde)-.15 F 3.297(xo)-.15 G 3.297(ft)-3.297 G
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-(gument to be processed into the v)-.18 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(OPTIND)2.585
-E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F3(OPTIND)4.585 E F0 .085
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-(or a shell script is in)144 720 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.345
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-(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 June 17)147.345 E(54)197.335 E 0 Cg EP
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--.35 E .804(into the v)144 84 R(ariable)-.25 E/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(OPT)
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-(The shell does not reset)5.304 F F1(OPTIND)3.303 E F0 .803
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+(gument to be processed into the v)-.18 F(ariable)-.25 E/F3 9
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+(or a shell script is in)144 168 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.345
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(automatically; it must be manually)3.053 F .293
-(reset between multiple calls to)144 96 R/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(getopts)
-2.793 E F0 .293(within the same shell in)2.793 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .293
-(cation if a ne).2 F 2.793(ws)-.25 G .294(et of parameters)-2.793 F
-(is to be used.)144 108 Q 2.044(When the end of options is encountered,)
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-(its with a return v).15 F 2.043(alue greater than zero.)-.25 F F3
-(OPTIND)144 144 Q F0(is set to the inde)2.5 E 2.5(xo)-.15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5
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-(is set to ?.)2.5 E F3(getopts)144 168 Q F0 2.392
+(reset between multiple calls to)144 192 R F1(getopts)2.793 E F0 .293
+(within the same shell in)2.793 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .293(cation if a ne).2 F
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+(alue greater than zero.)-.25 F F1(OPTIND)144 240 Q F0
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+(is set to ?.)2.5 E F1(getopts)144 264 Q F0 2.392
(normally parses the positional parameters, b)4.892 F 2.392
(ut if more ar)-.2 F 2.393(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.893
-(ni).15 G(n)-4.893 E/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)4.893 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,)
-.27 E F3(getopts)144 180 Q F0(parses those instead.)2.5 E F3(getopts)144
-204 Q F0 1.166(can report errors in tw)3.666 F 3.665(ow)-.1 G 3.665
-(ays. If)-3.765 F 1.165(the \214rst character of)3.665 F F4(optstring)
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-1.263(reporting is used.)144 216 R 1.263
+(ni).15 G(n)-4.893 E F2(ar)4.893 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E F1(getopts)144
+276 Q F0(parses those instead.)2.5 E F1(getopts)144 300 Q F0 1.166
+(can report errors in tw)3.666 F 3.665(ow)-.1 G 3.665(ays. If)-3.765 F
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+(reporting is used.)144 312 R 1.263
(In normal operation diagnostic messages are printed when in)6.263 F
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-(ve)-.15 G 2.799(st).15 G .299(he top directory from the)-2.799 F 1.478
-(stack, and performs a)144 412.8 R F2(cd)3.978 E F0 1.479(to the ne)
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-(rg)-6.479 G 1.479(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.779 -.15(ve t)-.2 H
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-(that only the stack is manipulated.)180 448.8 Q F2(+)144 460.8 Q F1(n)A
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-(to time out and return f)3.549 F 1.048
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(ailure if a complete line of input is not read within)-.1 F F2(timeout)
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-(may be a decimal number with a fractional portion follo)3.496 F(wing)
--.25 E .576(the decimal point.)180 120 R .576(This option is only ef)
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5.576 F(fecti)-.25 E .876 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(f).15 E F1 -.18(re)3.076 G
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+(.)A F0 .191(The return code is zero,)4.691 F 1.343
+(unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)144 328.8 R F1 -.18(re)3.843 G(ad)
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-(times out \(in which case the return code is greater than)3.844 F
-(128\), or an in)144 208.8 Q -.25(va)-.4 G
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(lid \214le descriptor is supplied as the ar).25 E(gument to)-.18 E F1
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(\255aA)A(pf)-.25 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E
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(ariables to inde)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.334(da).15 G .834(rrays; the)
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-E F2(n)3.447 E F0 .586(is omitted, the return status is)3.327 F 1.335
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(cuted in the function body).15 F 6.335(.I)-.65 G 3.835(fu)-6.335 G
1.335(sed outside a function, b)-3.835 F 1.335(ut during)-.2 F -.15(exe)
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5.794 E F1(sour)A(ce)-.18 E F0 3.294(\)c)C .794
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-(cuting that script).15 F .245(and return either)144 386.4 R F2(n)3.105
-E F0 .246(or the e)2.985 F .246(xit status of the last command e)-.15 F
--.15(xe)-.15 G .246(cuted within the script as the e).15 F .246
-(xit sta-)-.15 F .082(tus of the script.)144 398.4 R .082
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+(cuting that script).15 F .246(and return either)144 518.4 R F2(n)3.106
+E F0 .246(or the e)2.986 F .246(xit status of the last command e)-.15 F
+-.15(xe)-.15 G .246(cuted within the script as the e).15 F .245
+(xit sta-)-.15 F .081(tus of the script.)144 530.4 R .082
(If used outside a function and not during e)5.082 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .082
-(cution of a script by).15 F F1(.)2.582 E F0 2.581(,t).833 G .081
-(he return sta-)-2.581 F 2.305(tus is f)144 410.4 R 4.805(alse. An)-.1 F
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.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cution).15 E(resumes after the function or script.)
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(\255\255abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6f>-2.5 E F2(option)2.5
-E F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E F1(set)108 451.2 Q F0
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([)2.5 E F1(+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(+o)-2.5 E F2(option)
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-.836(thout options, the name and v).4 F .835(alue of each shell v)-.25 F
-.835(ariable are displayed in a format that can be)-.25 F .784
-(reused as input for setting or resetting the currently-set v)144 475.2
-R 3.284(ariables. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)3.284 G .784
-(riables cannot be).25 F 2.947(reset. In)144 487.2 R F2 .447(posix mode)
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+.835(thout options, the name and v).4 F .835(alue of each shell v)-.25 F
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+(reused as input for setting or resetting the currently-set v)144 607.2
+R 3.284(ariables. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)3.284 G .783
+(riables cannot be).25 F 2.946(reset. In)144 619.2 R F2 .447(posix mode)
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(ariables are listed.)-.25 F .447
-(The output is sorted according to the current)5.447 F 3.53
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-3.531(ys)-.15 G 1.031(et or unset shell attrib)-3.531 F 3.531(utes. An)
--.2 F 3.531(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-3.531 G 1.031(uments remaining).18 F
-1.624(after option processing are treated as v)144 511.2 R 1.623
+(The output is sorted according to the current)5.447 F 3.531
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+-.2 F 3.53(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-3.53 G 1.03(uments remaining).18 F 1.623
+(after option processing are treated as v)144 643.2 R 1.624
(alues for the positional parameters and are assigned, in)-.25 F(order)
-144 523.2 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G(o)-2.5 E F1($1)2.5 E F0(,)A F1($2)2.5 E F0(,)A
+144 655.2 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G(o)-2.5 E F1($1)2.5 E F0(,)A F1($2)2.5 E F0(,)A
F1 2.5(... $)2.5 F F2(n)A F0 5(.O)C(ptions, if speci\214ed, ha)-5 E .3
--.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 535.2 Q
-F0 .539(Automatically mark v)29.3 F .539
-(ariables and functions which are modi\214ed or created for e)-.25 F .54
-(xport to)-.15 F(the en)184 547.2 Q(vironment of subsequent commands.)
--.4 E F1<ad62>144 559.2 Q F0 .132
+-.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 667.2 Q
+F0 .54(Automatically mark v)29.3 F .539
+(ariables and functions which are modi\214ed or created for e)-.25 F
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(Report the status of terminated background jobs immediately)28.74 F
-2.632(,r)-.65 G .131(ather than before the ne)-2.632 F(xt)-.15 E
-(primary prompt.)184 571.2 Q(This is ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve o)
--.25 H(nly when job control is enabled.).15 E F1<ad65>144 583.2 Q F0 .51
-(Exit immediately if a)29.86 F F2(pipeline)3.01 E F0 .511
-(\(which may consist of a single)3.011 F F2 .511(simple command)3.011 F
-F0 3.011(\), a)B F2(sub-)3.011 E(shell)184 595.2 Q F0 .872
-(command enclosed in parentheses, or one of the commands e)3.373 F -.15
-(xe)-.15 G .872(cuted as part of a).15 F .399
-(command list enclosed by braces \(see)184 607.2 R F3 .399
-(SHELL GRAMMAR)2.899 F F0(abo)2.649 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.899(\)e).15 G
-.399(xits with a non-zero)-3.049 F 3.969(status. The)184 619.2 R 1.468
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-(ails is part of the command list)-.1 F .569(immediately follo)184 631.2
-R .569(wing a)-.25 F F1(while)3.069 E F0(or)3.069 E F1(until)3.069 E F0
--.1(ke)3.069 G(yw)-.05 E .569(ord, part of the test follo)-.1 F .57
-(wing the)-.25 F F1(if)3.07 E F0(or)3.07 E F1(elif)3.07 E F0(reserv)184
-643.2 Q .544(ed w)-.15 F .544(ords, part of an)-.1 F 3.044(yc)-.15 G
-.544(ommand e)-3.044 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .544(cuted in a).15 F F1(&&)3.044
-E F0(or)3.044 E/F5 10/Symbol SF<efef>3.044 E F0 .544(list e)3.044 F .544
-(xcept the command)-.15 F(follo)184 655.2 Q 1.23(wing the \214nal)-.25 F
-F1(&&)3.73 E F0(or)3.73 E F5<efef>3.73 E F0 3.73(,a)C 1.53 -.15(ny c)
--3.73 H 1.231(ommand in a pipeline b).15 F 1.231
-(ut the last, or if the com-)-.2 F(mand')184 667.2 Q 3.191(sr)-.55 G
-.691(eturn v)-3.191 F .691(alue is being in)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .691
-(rted with).15 F F1(!)3.191 E F0 5.691(.A)C .691(trap on)-2.5 F F1(ERR)
-3.19 E F0 3.19(,i)C 3.19(fs)-3.19 G .69(et, is e)-3.19 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
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2.815 G(r).25 E F0(command,)2.815 E F1(case)2.815 E F0(command,)2.815 E
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(xpanded v)-.15 F 1.236(alue of)-.25 F F3(PS4)3.736 E F4(,)A F0(follo)
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(xisting \214le with the)-.15 F F1(>)2.714 E F0(,)A F1(>&)2.714 E F0
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(rridden when creating output \214les by using the redirection opera-)
-.15 F(tor)184 390 Q F1(>|)2.5 E F0(instead of)2.5 E F1(>)2.5 E F0(.)A F1
-<ad45>144 402 Q F0 .104(If set, an)27.63 F 2.604(yt)-.15 G .104(rap on)
--2.604 F F1(ERR)2.604 E F0 .103
-(is inherited by shell functions, command substitutions, and com-)2.604
-F .838(mands e)184 414 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .838(cuted in a subshell en).15
-F 3.338(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(ERR)3.338 E F0 .839
-(trap is normally not inherited in)3.339 F(such cases.)184 426 Q F1
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-(style history substitution.)5.532 F .531(This option is on by def)5.532
-F .531(ault when the shell is inter)-.1 F(-)-.2 E(acti)184 450 Q -.15
-(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1<ad50>144 462 Q F0 1.164
+.15 F(tor)184 510 Q F1(>|)2.5 E F0(instead of)2.5 E F1(>)2.5 E F0(.)A F1
+<ad45>144 522 Q F0 .103(If set, an)27.63 F 2.603(yt)-.15 G .103(rap on)
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+F 3.339(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(ERR)3.338 E F0 .838
+(trap is normally not inherited in)3.338 F(such cases.)184 546 Q F1
+<ad48>144 558 Q F0(Enable)26.52 E F1(!)3.031 E F0 .531
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(If set, the shell does not follo)28.19 F 3.664(ws)-.25 G 1.164
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-(cuting commands such as).15 F F1(cd)3.665 E F0 2.822
-(that change the current w)184 474 R 2.822(orking directory)-.1 F 7.822
-(.I)-.65 G 5.322(tu)-7.822 G 2.822(ses the ph)-5.322 F 2.821
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E(ault,)-.1 E F1(bash)2.686 E F0(follo)2.686 E .186
(ws the logical chain of directories when performing com-)-.25 F
-(mands which change the current directory)184
498 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad54>144
-510 Q F0 .89(If set, an)27.63 F 3.39(yt)-.15 G .89(raps on)-3.39 F F1
+(mands which change the current directory)184
618 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad54>144
+630 Q F0 .89(If set, an)27.63 F 3.39(yt)-.15 G .89(raps on)-3.39 F F1
(DEB)3.39 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)3.39 E F1(RETURN)3.39 E F0 .89
(are inherited by shell functions, command)3.39 F 1.932
-(substitutions, and commands e)184 522 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.932
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(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 4.432(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(DEB)4.432 E
-(UG)-.1 E F0(and)4.432 E F1(RETURN)184 534 Q F0
-(traps are normally not inherited in such cases.)2.5 E F1<adad>144 546 Q
-F0 .401(If no ar)28.6 F .401(guments follo)-.18 F 2.901(wt)-.25 G .401
+(UG)-.1 E F0(and)4.432 E F1(RETURN)184 654 Q F0
+(traps are normally not inherited in such cases.)2.5 E F1<adad>144 666 Q
+F0 .4(If no ar)28.6 F .401(guments follo)-.18 F 2.901(wt)-.25 G .401
(his option, then the positional parameters are unset.)-2.901 F
-(Otherwise,)5.4 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 558 Q F2
-(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(s, e)A -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fs)-2.5 G
+(Otherwise,)5.401 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 678 Q
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(ome of them be)-2.5 E(gin with a)-.15 E F1<ad>2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad>144
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-(ar)4.444 E(g)-.37 E F0 4.444(st)C 4.444(ob)-4.444 G 4.445(ea)-4.444 G
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(ault unless otherwise noted.)-.1 F .425
-(Using + rather than \255 causes these options)5.425 F .178
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--.18 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .177(cation of the shell.).2 F(The)5.177 E .066
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-(])A .429(The positional parameters from)144 675.6 R F2(n)2.929 E F0
-.429(+1 ... are renamed to)B F1 .429($1 ....)2.929 F F0 -.15(Pa)5.428 G
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-(he return status is zero if)-2.755 F(all)180 192 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E F0
-(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.)2.5 E F1<ad6f>144 204 Q F0
-(Restricts the v)25.3 E(alues of)-.25 E F2(optname)2.5 E F0
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-E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .127(If either)144 220.8 R F1
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+<24ad>2.566 E F0 5.066(.T)C .066(he return status is al)-5.066 F -.1(wa)
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+(is encountered.)144 108 Q F1(shift)108 124.8 Q F0([)2.5 E/F2 10
+/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0(])A .428(The positional parameters from)144
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+2.929 F F0 -.15(Pa)5.429 G .429(rameters represented by the num-).15 F
+(bers)144 148.8 Q F1($#)2.583 E F0(do)2.583 E .083(wn to)-.25 F F1($#)
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+.082(umber less than or equal to).15 F F1($#)2.582 E F0 5.082(.I)C(f)
+-5.082 E F2(n)2.942 E F0 .06(is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 160.8
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+(n, it is assumed to be 1.).15 F(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06
+(is greater than)2.8 F F1($#)2.56 E F0 2.56(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .144
+(positional parameters are not changed.)144 172.8 R .144
+(The return status is greater than zero if)5.144 F F2(n)3.003 E F0 .143
+(is greater than)2.883 F F1($#)2.643 E F0
+(or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 184.8 Q F1(shopt)108 201.6 Q F0([)
+2.5 E F1(\255pqsu)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6f>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(optname)
+-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 213.6 S .222(ggle the v).8 F .222
+(alues of v)-.25 F .222(ariables controlling optional shell beha)-.25 F
+(vior)-.2 E 5.222(.W)-.55 G .222(ith no options, or with the)-5.622 F F1
+<ad70>2.722 E F0 .721(option, a list of all settable options is display\
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+144 237.6 Q F1<ad70>2.827 E F0 .327(option causes output to be displaye\
+d in a form that may be reused as input.)2.827 F .328(Other options)
+5.328 F(ha)144 249.6 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)
+-.25 E F1<ad73>144 261.6 Q F0(Enable \(set\) each)26.41 E F2(optname)2.5
+E F0(.)A F1<ad75>144 273.6 Q F0(Disable \(unset\) each)24.74 E F2
+(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad71>144 285.6 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal out\
+put \(quiet mode\); the return status indicates whether the)24.74 F F2
+(optname)2.503 E F0(is)2.503 E .255(set or unset.)180 297.6 R .255
+(If multiple)5.255 F F2(optname)2.755 E F0(ar)2.755 E .256
+(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.756(nw).15 G(ith)-2.756 E F1
+<ad71>2.756 E F0 2.756(,t)C .256(he return status is zero if)-2.756 F
+(all)180 309.6 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E F0(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.)
+2.5 E F1<ad6f>144 321.6 Q F0(Restricts the v)25.3 E(alues of)-.25 E F2
+(optname)2.5 E F0(to be those de\214ned for the)2.5 E F1<ad6f>2.5 E F0
+(option to the)2.5 E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .128
+(If either)144 338.4 R F1<ad73>2.628 E F0(or)2.628 E F1<ad75>2.628 E F0
+.127(is used with no)2.627 F F2(optname)2.627 E F0(ar)2.627 E .127
+(guments, the display is limited to those options which)-.18 F 1.023
+(are set or unset, respecti)144 350.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 6.023
+(.U)-.65 G 1.024(nless otherwise noted, the)-6.023 F F1(shopt)3.524 E F0
+1.024(options are disabled \(unset\) by)3.524 F(def)144 362.4 Q(ault.)
-.1 E 1.544(The return status when listing options is zero if all)144
-261.6 R F2(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.545(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.)
-4.045 F .696
+379.2 R F2(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.544(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.)
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(When setting or unsetting options, the return status is zero unless an)
-144 273.6 R F2(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .695
-(alid shell)-.25 F(option.)144 285.6 Q(The list of)144 302.4 Q F1(shopt)
-2.5 E F0(options is:)2.5 E F1(autocd)144 320.4 Q F0 .199
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+(alid shell)-.25 F(option.)144 403.2 Q(The list of)144 420 Q F1(shopt)
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(If set, a command name that is the name of a directory is e)11.11 F
--.15(xe)-.15 G .2(cuted as if it were the ar).15 F(gu-)-.18 E
-(ment to the)184 332.4 Q F1(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F
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+(ment to the)184 450 Q F1(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F
(option is only used by interacti)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E
-F1(cdable_v)144 344.4 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .156(If set, an ar)184 356.4 R .156
-(gument to the)-.18 F F1(cd)2.656 E F0 -.2(bu)2.656 G .155
+F1(cdable_v)144 462 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .155(If set, an ar)184 474 R .155
+(gument to the)-.18 F F1(cd)2.655 E F0 -.2(bu)2.655 G .156
(iltin command that is not a directory is assumed to be the).2 F
-(name of a v)184 368.4 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E
-(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E F1(cdspell)144 380.4 Q F0
+(name of a v)184 486 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E
+(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E F1(cdspell)144 498 Q F0
1.055
(If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory component in a)
-10.55 F F1(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.988
-(corrected. The)184 392.4 R 1.488(errors check)3.988 F 1.487
-(ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.987(,a)
--.4 G(nd)-3.987 E .552(one character too man)184 404.4 R 4.352 -.65
-(y. I)-.15 H 3.052(fac).65 G .552
+10.55 F F1(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.987
+(corrected. The)184 510 R 1.487(errors check)3.987 F 1.487
+(ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.988(,a)
+-.4 G(nd)-3.988 E .552(one character too man)184 522 R 4.352 -.65(y. I)
+-.15 H 3.052(fac).65 G .552
(orrection is found, the corrected \214le name is printed, and)-3.052 F
-(the command proceeds.)184 416.4 Q
-(This option is only used by interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.)
-.15 E F1(checkhash)144 428.4 Q F0 2.08(If set,)184 440.4 R F1(bash)4.58
-E F0 2.079(checks that a command found in the hash table e)4.58 F 2.079
-(xists before trying to)-.15 F -.15(exe)184 452.4 S(cute it.).15 E
+(the command proceeds.)184 534 Q(This option is only used by interacti)5
+E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1(checkhash)144 546 Q F0 2.079
+(If set,)184 558 R F1(bash)4.579 E F0 2.079
+(checks that a command found in the hash table e)4.579 F 2.08
+(xists before trying to)-.15 F -.15(exe)184 570 S(cute it.).15 E
(If a hashed command no longer e)5 E
-(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F1(checkjobs)144 464.4
-Q F0 .448(If set,)184 476.4 R F1(bash)2.948 E F0 .448
-(lists the status of an)2.948 F 2.949(ys)-.15 G .449
-(topped and running jobs before e)-2.949 F .449(xiting an interacti)-.15
-F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.439(shell. If)184 488.4 R(an)3.439 E 3.439(yj)-.15 G
-.938(obs are running, this causes the e)-3.439 F .938
-(xit to be deferred until a second e)-.15 F .938(xit is)-.15 F 1.456
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G 2.67(la).25 G .17(fter being e)-2.67 F .17(xpanded as described in)
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-E(This option is enabled by def)184 372 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)144 384
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S(stricted_shell).18 E F0 1.069
(The shell sets this option if it is started in restricted mode \(see)
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(w\). The)-.25 F -.25(va)4.178 G 1.678(lue may not be changed.).25 F
1.678(This is not reset when the startup \214les are)6.678 F -.15(exe)
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-(xceeds the number)-.15 F(of positional parameters.)184 456 Q F1(sour)
-144 468 Q(cepath)-.18 E F0 .77(If set, the)184 480 R F1(sour)3.27 E(ce)
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-(xpands backslash-escape sequences by def)-.15 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(suspend)
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-(xe)-.15 G 1.002(cution of this shell until it recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25
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(the e)2.802 F .552(xpression is true if the unary test is true.)-.15 F
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-.323 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F3(CON-)2.523 E(DITION)180 262.8 Q
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1.477(xpression is the result of the binary test)-.15 F .513
-(using the \214rst and third ar)180 274.8 R .513(guments as operands.)
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2<ad61>3.013 E F0(and)3.013 E F2<ad6f>3.013 E F0
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-R -.05(ga)-.15 G .884(tion of the tw).05 F(o-ar)-.1 E .884
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-(xactly)-.15 E F2(\()3.374 E F0 .875(and the third ar)3.374 F .875
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--.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(4a)144 334.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .385
-(If the \214rst ar)180 346.8 R .385(gument is)-.18 F F2(!)2.885 E F0
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+-.15 G 2.744(rt).15 G .244(he resources a)-2.744 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244
(ilable to the shell and to processes started by it, on systems).25 F
-.944(that allo)144 309.6 R 3.444(ws)-.25 G .944(uch control.)-3.444 F
-(The)5.944 E F2<ad48>3.444 E F0(and)3.444 E F2<ad53>3.444 E F0 .943
+.943(that allo)144 393.6 R 3.443(ws)-.25 G .943(uch control.)-3.443 F
+(The)5.943 E F4<ad48>3.443 E F0(and)3.443 E F4<ad53>3.444 E F0 .944
(options specify that the hard or soft limit is set for the)3.444 F(gi)
-144 321.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.708(nr).15 G 2.708(esource. A)-2.708 F .208
+144 405.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.709(nr).15 G 2.709(esource. A)-2.709 F .208
(hard limit cannot be increased by a non-root user once it is set; a so\
-ft limit may)2.708 F .426(be increased up to the v)144 333.6 R .426
-(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .425(If neither)5.426 F F2<ad48>2.925 E
-F0(nor)2.925 E F2<ad53>2.925 E F0 .425
-(is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.925 F .139(hard limits are set.)144
-345.6 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F1(limit)2.729 E F0 .139
+ft limit may)2.709 F .425(be increased up to the v)144 417.6 R .425
+(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .426(If neither)5.425 F F4<ad48>2.926 E
+F0(nor)2.926 E F4<ad53>2.926 E F0 .426
+(is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.926 F .139(hard limits are set.)144
+429.6 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F1(limit)2.729 E F0 .139
(can be a number in the unit speci\214ed for the resource or one)3.319 F
-.742(of the special v)144 357.6 R(alues)-.25 E F2(hard)3.242 E F0(,)A F2
-(soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F2(unlimited)3.241 E F0 3.241(,w)
+.741(of the special v)144 441.6 R(alues)-.25 E F4(hard)3.241 E F0(,)A F4
+(soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F4(unlimited)3.241 E F0 3.241(,w)
C .741(hich stand for the current hard limit, the current)-3.241 F .78
-(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 369.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E
+(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 453.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E
5.78(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.78 E F1(limit)3.37 E F0 .78
(is omitted, the current v)3.96 F .78(alue of the soft limit of the)-.25
-F .49
9(resource is printed, unless the)144 381.6 R F2<ad48>2.999 E F0
-.499(option is gi)2.999 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.999(n. When).15 F .498
+F .49
8(resource is printed, unless the)144 465.6 R F4<ad48>2.999 E F0
+.499(option is gi)2.999 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.999(n. When).15 F .499
(more than one resource is speci\214ed, the)2.999 F
-(limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 393.6 Q 2.5
-(alue. Other)-.25 F(options are interpreted as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F2
-<ad61>144 4
05.6 Q F0(All current limits are reported)25.3 E F2<ad62>144
-417.6 Q F0(The maximum sock)24.74 E(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E(fer size)-.25 E
-F2<ad63>144 429.6 Q F0(The maximum size of core \214les created)25.86 E
-F2<ad64>144 441.6 Q F0(The maximum size of a process')24.74 E 2.5(sd)
--.55 G(ata se)-2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F2<ad65>144 453.6 Q F0
-(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))25.86 E F2<ad66>144 465.6 Q
+(limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 477.6 Q 2.5
+(alue. Other)-.25 F(options are interpreted as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F4
+<ad61>144 4
89.6 Q F0(All current limits are reported)25.3 E F4<ad62>144
+501.6 Q F0(The maximum sock)24.74 E(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E(fer size)-.25 E
+F4<ad63>144 513.6 Q F0(The maximum size of core \214les created)25.86 E
+F4<ad64>144 525.6 Q F0(The maximum size of a process')24.74 E 2.5(sd)
+-.55 G(ata se)-2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F4<ad65>144 537.6 Q F0
+(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))25.86 E F4<ad66>144 549.6 Q
F0(The maximum size of \214les written by the shell and its children)
-26.97 E F2<ad69>144 477.6 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)
-27.52 E F2<ad6c>144 489.6 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)27.52 E
-(ed into memory)-.1 E F2<ad6d>144 501.6 Q F0
+26.97 E F4<ad69>144 561.6 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)
+27.52 E F4<ad6c>144 573.6 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)27.52 E
+(ed into memory)-.1 E F4<ad6d>144 585.6 Q F0
(The maximum resident set size \(man)21.97 E 2.5(ys)-.15 G
-(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F2<ad6e>144 513.6 Q F0 .791(Th\
+(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F4<ad6e>144 597.6 Q F0 .791(Th\
e maximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do not allo)
-24.74 F 3.291(wt)-.25 G .791(his v)-3.291 F .791(alue to)-.25 F
-(be set\))180 525.6 Q F2<ad70>144 537.6 Q F0
-(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))24.74 E F2
-<ad71>144 549.6 Q F0
-(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)24.74 E F
2<ad72>144
-
561.6 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)25.86 E F2<ad73>144
-573.6 Q F0(The maximum stack size)26.41 E F2<ad74>144 585.6 Q F0
-(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)26.97 E F2<ad75>144 597.6 Q
+24.74 F 3.29(wt)-.25 G .79(his v)-3.29 F .79(alue to)-.25 F(be set\))180
+609.6 Q F4<ad70>144 621.6 Q F0
+(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))24.74 E F4
+<ad71>144 633.6 Q F0
+(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)24.74 E F
4<ad72>144
+
645.6 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)25.86 E F4<ad73>144
+657.6 Q F0(The maximum stack size)26.41 E F4<ad74>144 669.6 Q F0
+(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)26.97 E F4<ad75>144 681.6 Q
F0(The maximum number of processes a)24.74 E -.25(va)-.2 G
-(ilable to a single user).25 E F2<ad76>144 609.6 Q F0
+(ilable to a single user).25 E F4<ad76>144 693.6 Q F0
(The maximum amount of virtual memory a)25.3 E -.25(va)-.2 G
-(ilable to the shell).25 E F2<ad78>144 621.6 Q F0
-(The maximum number of \214le locks)25.3 E F2<ad54>144 633.6 Q F0
-(The maximum number of threads)23.63 E(If)144 650.4 Q F1(limit)2.933 E
-F0 .343(is gi)3.523 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .343(n, it is the ne).15 F 2.843
-(wv)-.25 G .343(alue of the speci\214ed resource \(the)-3.093 F F2<ad61>
-2.843 E F0 .343(option is display only\).)2.843 F .343(If no)5.343 F
-.175(option is gi)144 662.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .175(n, then).15 F F2<ad66>
-2.675 E F0 .175(is assumed.)2.675 F -1.11(Va)5.175 G .175
-(lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .176(xcept for)-.15 F F2
-<ad74>2.676 E F0 2.676(,w)C .176(hich is in)-2.676 F(seconds,)144 674.4
-Q F2<ad70>2.516 E F0 2.516(,w)C .016
-(hich is in units of 512-byte blocks, and)-2.516 F F2<ad54>2.516 E F0(,)
-A F2<ad62>2.515 E F0(,)A F2<ad6e>2.515 E F0 2.515(,a)C(nd)-2.515 E F2
-<ad75>2.515 E F0 2.515(,w)C .015(hich are unscaled v)-2.515 F(al-)-.25 E
-3.787(ues. The)144 686.4 R 1.287(return status is 0 unless an in)3.787 F
--.25(va)-.4 G 1.287(lid option or ar).25 F 1.287
-(gument is supplied, or an error occurs)-.18 F(while setting a ne)144
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-147.345 E(66)197.335 E 0 Cg EP
+(ilable to the shell).25 E F4<ad78>144 705.6 Q F0
+(The maximum number of \214le locks)25.3 E F4<ad54>144 717.6 Q F0
+(The maximum number of threads)23.63 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q
+(2009 July 30)148.175 E(66)198.165 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 67 67
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(umask)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad70>A F0 2.5
-(][)C F1<ad53>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(mode)-2.5 E F0
-(])A .2(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 96 R F2(mode)2.7 E
-F0 5.2(.I).18 G(f)-5.2 E F2(mode)3.08 E F0(be)2.88 E .2
+-.35 E(If)144 84 Q/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(limit)2.933 E F0 .343(is gi)
+3.523 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .343(n, it is the ne).15 F 2.843(wv)-.25 G .343
+(alue of the speci\214ed resource \(the)-3.093 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF
+<ad61>2.843 E F0 .343(option is display only\).)2.843 F .343(If no)5.343
+F .176(option is gi)144 96 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .176(n, then).15 F F2<ad66>
+2.676 E F0 .175(is assumed.)2.676 F -1.11(Va)5.175 G .175
+(lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .175(xcept for)-.15 F F2
+<ad74>2.675 E F0 2.675(,w)C .175(hich is in)-2.675 F(seconds,)144 108 Q
+F2<ad70>2.515 E F0 2.515(,w)C .015
+(hich is in units of 512-byte blocks, and)-2.515 F F2<ad54>2.516 E F0(,)
+A F2<ad62>2.516 E F0(,)A F2<ad6e>2.516 E F0 2.516(,a)C(nd)-2.516 E F2
+<ad75>2.516 E F0 2.516(,w)C .016(hich are unscaled v)-2.516 F(al-)-.25 E
+3.788(ues. The)144 120 R 1.287(return status is 0 unless an in)3.787 F
+-.25(va)-.4 G 1.287(lid option or ar).25 F 1.287
+(gument is supplied, or an error occurs)-.18 F(while setting a ne)144
+132 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(imit.)-2.5 E F2(umask)108 148.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2
+<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad53>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(mode)-2.5 E F0(])A .2
+(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 160.8 R F1(mode)2.7 E F0
+5.2(.I).18 G(f)-5.2 E F1(mode)3.08 E F0(be)2.88 E .2
(gins with a digit, it is interpreted as an octal)-.15 F .066(number; o\
therwise it is interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that acce\
-pted by)144 108 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144
-120 Q F2(mode)3.263 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.063 F .382
-(alue of the mask is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.382 E F
1<ad53>2.882 E F0 .382
+pted by)144 172.8 R F1 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144
+184.8 Q F1(mode)3.262 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.062 F .382
+(alue of the mask is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.382 E F
2<ad53>2.882 E F0 .382
(option causes the mask to be)2.882 F .547
-(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 132 R .547
+(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 196.8 R .547
(ault output is an octal number)-.1 F 5.547(.I)-.55 G 3.047(ft)-5.547 G
-(he)-3.047 E F1<ad70>3.047 E F0 .547(option is supplied, and)3.047 F F2
-(mode)144.38 144 Q F0 .552
-(is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.)3.232
-F .551(The return status is 0 if the)5.551 F(mode w)144 156 Q
-(as successfully changed or if no)-.1 E F2(mode)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E
-(gument w)-.18 E(as supplied, and f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F1
-(unalias)108 172.8 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0
-(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 184.8 Q 1.955 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(name)
+(he)-3.047 E F2<ad70>3.047 E F0 .547(option is supplied, and)3.047 F F1
+(mode)144.38 208.8 Q F0 .551
+(is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.)3.231
+F .552(The return status is 0 if the)5.552 F(mode w)144 220.8 Q
+(as successfully changed or if no)-.1 E F1(mode)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E
+(gument w)-.18 E(as supplied, and f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F2
+(unalias)108 237.6 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F2(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0
+(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 249.6 Q 1.955 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F1(name)
4.155 E F0 1.655(from the list of de\214ned aliases.)4.155 F(If)6.655 E
-F
1<ad61>4.155 E F0 1.655(is supplied, all alias de\214nitions are)4.155
-F(remo)144 196.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E
-(alue is true unless a supplied)-.25 E F2(name)2.86 E F0
-(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F1(unset)108 213.6 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1
-(fv)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 225.6 S 3.107
-(re).15 G(ach)-3.107 E F2(name)3.107 E F0 3.107(,r).18 G(emo)-3.107 E
-.907 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .607(he corresponding v).15 F .607
-(ariable or function.)-.25 F .606(If no options are supplied, or the)
-5.607 F F1<ad76>144 237.6 Q F0 .304(option is gi)2.804 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-.304(n, each).15 F F2(name)3.164 E F0 .305(refers to a shell v)2.985 F
-2.805(ariable. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)2.805 G .305
-(riables may not be unset.).25 F(If)5.305 E F1<ad66>144 249.6 Q F0 .46
-(is speci\214ed, each)2.96 F F2(name)3.32 E F0 .459
-(refers to a shell function, and the function de\214nition is remo)3.14
-F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.959(d. Each).15 F .902(unset v)144 261.6 R .902
+F
2<ad61>4.155 E F0 1.655(is supplied, all alias de\214nitions are)4.155
+F(remo)144 261.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E
+(alue is true unless a supplied)-.25 E F1(name)2.86 E F0
+(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F2(unset)108 278.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F2
+(fv)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 290.4 S 3.106
+(re).15 G(ach)-3.106 E F1(name)3.106 E F0 3.106(,r).18 G(emo)-3.106 E
+.906 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .606(he corresponding v).15 F .607
+(ariable or function.)-.25 F .607(If no options are supplied, or the)
+5.607 F F2<ad76>144 302.4 Q F0 .305(option is gi)2.805 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
+.305(n, each).15 F F1(name)3.165 E F0 .305(refers to a shell v)2.985 F
+2.805(ariable. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)2.805 G .304
+(riables may not be unset.).25 F(If)5.304 E F2<ad66>144 314.4 Q F0 .459
+(is speci\214ed, each)2.959 F F1(name)3.319 E F0 .459
+(refers to a shell function, and the function de\214nition is remo)3.139
+F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.96(d. Each).15 F .903(unset v)144 326.4 R .903
(ariable or function is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.402(df).15 G .902
-(rom the en)-3.402 F .903(vironment passed to subsequent commands.)-.4 F
-(If)5.903 E(an)144 273.6 Q 4.285(yo)-.15 G(f)-4.285 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0
-SF(RANDOM)4.285 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3(SECONDS)4.035 E F4(,)A F3
+(rom the en)-3.402 F .902(vironment passed to subsequent commands.)-.4 F
+(If)5.902 E(an)144 338.4 Q 4.284(yo)-.15 G(f)-4.284 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0
+SF(RANDOM)4.284 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3(SECONDS)4.035 E F4(,)A F3
(LINENO)4.035 E F4(,)A F3(HISTCMD)4.035 E F4(,)A F3(FUNCN)4.035 E(AME)
-.18 E F4(,)A F3(GR)4.035 E(OUPS)-.27 E F4(,)A F0(or)4.035 E F3(DIRST)
-4.284 E -.495(AC)-.81 G(K).495 E F0(are)4.034 E .328(unset, the)144
-285.6 R 2.828(yl)-.15 G .328(ose their special properties, e)-2.828 F
+4.285 E -.495(AC)-.81 G(K).495 E F0(are)4.035 E .329(unset, the)144
+350.4 R 2.829(yl)-.15 G .328(ose their special properties, e)-2.829 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.828(ni).15 G 2.828(ft)-2.828 G(he)-2.828 E 2.828(ya)
--.15 G .328(re subsequently reset.)-2.828 F .328(The e)5.328 F .329
-(xit status is true)-.15 F(unless a)144 297.6 Q F2(name)2.86 E F0
-(is readonly)2.68 E(.)-.65 E F1(wait)108 314.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 2.5(n.)C
-(..)-2.5 E F0(])A -.8(Wa)144 326.4 S .288
+-.15 G .328(re subsequently reset.)-2.828 F .328(The e)5.328 F .328
+(xit status is true)-.15 F(unless a)144 362.4 Q F1(name)2.86 E F0
+(is readonly)2.68 E(.)-.65 E F2(wait)108 379.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 2.5(n.)C
+(..)-2.5 E F0(])A -.8(Wa)144 391.2 S .288
(it for each speci\214ed process and return its termination status.).8 F
-(Each)5.288 E F2(n)3.148 E F0 .287(may be a process ID or a)3.028 F .722
-(job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 338.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
+(Each)5.288 E F1(n)3.148 E F0 .288(may be a process ID or a)3.028 F .722
+(job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 403.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
.722(n, all processes in that job').15 F 3.222(sp)-.55 G .722
(ipeline are w)-3.222 F .722(aited for)-.1 F 5.722(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.722 E
-F2(n)3.583 E F0(is)3.463 E 1.266(not gi)144 350.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.266
-(n, all currently acti).15 F 1.566 -.15(ve c)-.25 H 1.265
-(hild processes are w).15 F 1.265(aited for)-.1 F 3.765(,a)-.4 G 1.265
-(nd the return status is zero.)-3.765 F(If)6.265 E F2(n)4.125 E F0 .456
-(speci\214es a non-e)144 362.4 R .457
+F1(n)3.582 E F0(is)3.462 E 1.265(not gi)144 415.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.265
+(n, all currently acti).15 F 1.565 -.15(ve c)-.25 H 1.265
+(hild processes are w).15 F 1.265(aited for)-.1 F 3.765(,a)-.4 G 1.266
+(nd the return status is zero.)-3.765 F(If)6.266 E F1(n)4.126 E F0 .457
+(speci\214es a non-e)144 427.2 R .457
(xistent process or job, the return status is 127.)-.15 F .457
-(Otherwise, the return status is the)5.457 F -.15(ex)144 374.4 S
+(Otherwise, the return status is the)5.457 F -.15(ex)144 439.2 S
(it status of the last process or job w).15 E(aited for)-.1 E(.)-.55 E
-/F5 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(RESTRICTED SHELL)72 391.2 Q F0(If)108 403.2 Q
-F1(bash)4.397 E F0 1.897(is started with the name)4.397 F F1(rbash)4.397
-E F0 4.397(,o)C 4.397(rt)-4.397 G(he)-4.397 E F1<ad72>4.397 E F0 1.896
-(option is supplied at in)4.397 F -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.896
-(cation, the shell becomes).2 F 3.445(restricted. A)108 415.2 R .945
-(restricted shell is used to set up an en)3.445 F .946
-(vironment more controlled than the standard shell.)-.4 F(It)5.946 E
-(beha)108 427.2 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(si).15 G(dentically to)-2.5 E F1
-(bash)2.5 E F0(with the e)2.5 E(xception that the follo)-.15 E
-(wing are disallo)-.25 E(wed or not performed:)-.25 E 32.5<8363>108 444
-S(hanging directories with)-32.5 E F1(cd)2.5 E F0 32.5<8373>108 460.8 S
-(etting or unsetting the v)-32.5 E(alues of)-.25 E F1(SHELL)2.5 E F0(,)A
-F1 -.74(PA)2.5 G(TH)-.21 E F0(,)A F1(ENV)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C(r)-2.5 E F1
--.3(BA)2.5 G(SH_ENV).3 E F0 32.5<8373>108 477.6 S
-(pecifying command names containing)-32.5 E F1(/)2.5 E F0 32.5<8373>108
-494.4 S(pecifying a \214le name containing a)-32.5 E F1(/)2.5 E F0
-(as an ar)2.5 E(gument to the)-.18 E F1(.)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)5 G
-(iltin command).2 E 32.5<8353>108 511.2 S .351
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%%EOF
@xrdef{Miscellaneous Commands-pg}{109}
@xrdef{Readline vi Mode-title}{Readline vi Mode}
@xrdef{Readline vi Mode-snt}{Section@tie 8.5}
+@xrdef{Readline vi Mode-pg}{111}
@xrdef{Programmable Completion-title}{Programmable Completion}
@xrdef{Programmable Completion-snt}{Section@tie 8.6}
-@xrdef{Readline vi Mode-pg}{111}
@xrdef{Programmable Completion-pg}{112}
@xrdef{Programmable Completion Builtins-title}{Programmable Completion Builtins}
@xrdef{Programmable Completion Builtins-snt}{Section@tie 8.7}
\entry{possible-completions (M-?)}{107}{\code {possible-completions (M-?)}}
\entry{insert-completions (M-*)}{108}{\code {insert-completions (M-*)}}
\entry{menu-complete ()}{108}{\code {menu-complete ()}}
+\entry{menu-complete-backward ()}{108}{\code {menu-complete-backward ()}}
\entry{delete-char-or-list ()}{108}{\code {delete-char-or-list ()}}
\entry{complete-filename (M-/)}{108}{\code {complete-filename (M-/)}}
\entry{possible-filename-completions (C-x /)}{108}{\code {possible-filename-completions (C-x /)}}
\entry{complete-hostname (M-@)}{108}{\code {complete-hostname (M-@)}}
\entry{possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)}{108}{\code {possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)}}
\entry{complete-command (M-!)}{108}{\code {complete-command (M-!)}}
-\entry{possible-command-completions (C-x !)}{108}{\code {possible-command-completions (C-x !)}}
+\entry{possible-command-completions (C-x !)}{109}{\code {possible-command-completions (C-x !)}}
\entry{dynamic-complete-history (M-TAB)}{109}{\code {dynamic-complete-history (M-\key {TAB})}}
\entry{dabbrev-expand ()}{109}{\code {dabbrev-expand ()}}
\entry{complete-into-braces (M-{\tt \char 123})}{109}{\code {complete-into-braces (M-{\tt \char 123})}}
\entry{prefix-meta (ESC)}{109}{\code {prefix-meta (\key {ESC})}}
\entry{undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)}{109}{\code {undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)}}
\entry{revert-line (M-r)}{109}{\code {revert-line (M-r)}}
-\entry{tilde-expand (M-&)}{109}{\code {tilde-expand (M-&)}}
+\entry{tilde-expand (M-&)}{110}{\code {tilde-expand (M-&)}}
\entry{set-mark (C-@)}{110}{\code {set-mark (C-@)}}
\entry{exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)}{110}{\code {exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)}}
\entry{character-search (C-])}{110}{\code {character-search (C-])}}
\entry{dump-variables ()}{110}{\code {dump-variables ()}}
\entry{dump-macros ()}{110}{\code {dump-macros ()}}
\entry{glob-complete-word (M-g)}{110}{\code {glob-complete-word (M-g)}}
-\entry{glob-expand-word (C-x *)}{110}{\code {glob-expand-word (C-x *)}}
+\entry{glob-expand-word (C-x *)}{111}{\code {glob-expand-word (C-x *)}}
\entry{glob-list-expansions (C-x g)}{111}{\code {glob-list-expansions (C-x g)}}
\entry{display-shell-version (C-x C-v)}{111}{\code {display-shell-version (C-x C-v)}}
\entry{shell-expand-line (M-C-e)}{111}{\code {shell-expand-line (M-C-e)}}
\entry {\code {forward-word (M-f)}}{103}
\initial {G}
\entry {\code {glob-complete-word (M-g)}}{110}
-\entry {\code {glob-expand-word (C-x *)}}{110}
+\entry {\code {glob-expand-word (C-x *)}}{111}
\entry {\code {glob-list-expansions (C-x g)}}{111}
\initial {H}
\entry {\code {history-and-alias-expand-line ()}}{111}
\initial {M}
\entry {\code {magic-space ()}}{111}
\entry {\code {menu-complete ()}}{108}
+\entry {\code {menu-complete-backward ()}}{108}
\initial {N}
\entry {\code {next-history (C-n)}}{104}
\entry {\code {non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n)}}{104}
\entry {\code {operate-and-get-next (C-o)}}{111}
\entry {\code {overwrite-mode ()}}{106}
\initial {P}
-\entry {\code {possible-command-completions (C-x !)}}{108}
+\entry {\code {possible-command-completions (C-x !)}}{109}
\entry {\code {possible-completions (M-?)}}{107}
\entry {\code {possible-filename-completions (C-x /)}}{108}
\entry {\code {possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)}}{108}
\entry {\code {shell-kill-word ()}}{106}
\entry {\code {start-kbd-macro (C-x ()}}{109}
\initial {T}
-\entry {\code {tilde-expand (M-&)}}{109}
+\entry {\code {tilde-expand (M-&)}}{110}
\entry {\code {transpose-chars (C-t)}}{105}
\entry {\code {transpose-words (M-t)}}{105}
\initial {U}
<HTML>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
-<!-- Created on June, 17 2009 by texi2html 1.64 -->
+<!-- Created on August, 3 2009 by texi2html 1.64 -->
<!--
Written by: Lionel Cons <Lionel.Cons@cern.ch> (original author)
Karl Berry <karl@freefriends.org>
the next time hostname completion is attempted after the
value is changed, Bash adds the contents of the new file to the
existing list.
-If <CODE>HOSTFILE</CODE> is set, but has no value, Bash attempts to read
+If <CODE>HOSTFILE</CODE> is set, but has no value, or does not name a readable file,
+Bash attempts to read
<TT>`/etc/hosts'</TT> to obtain the list of possible hostname completions.
When <CODE>HOSTFILE</CODE> is unset, the hostname list is cleared.
<P>
<P>
<A NAME="IDX443"></A>
-<DT><CODE>delete-char-or-list ()</CODE>
+<DT><CODE>menu-complete-backward ()</CODE>
<DD><A NAME="IDX444"></A>
+Identical to <CODE>menu-complete</CODE>, but moves backward through the list
+of possible completions, as if <CODE>menu-complete</CODE> had been given a
+negative argument.
+<P>
+
+<A NAME="IDX445"></A>
+<DT><CODE>delete-char-or-list ()</CODE>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX446"></A>
Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the beginning or
end of the line (like <CODE>delete-char</CODE>).
If at the end of the line, behaves identically to
This command is unbound by default.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX445"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX447"></A>
<DT><CODE>complete-filename (M-/)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX446"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX448"></A>
Attempt filename completion on the text before point.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX447"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX449"></A>
<DT><CODE>possible-filename-completions (C-x /)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX448"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX450"></A>
List the possible completions of the text before point,
treating it as a filename.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX449"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX451"></A>
<DT><CODE>complete-username (M-~)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX450"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX452"></A>
Attempt completion on the text before point, treating
it as a username.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX451"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX453"></A>
<DT><CODE>possible-username-completions (C-x ~)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX452"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX454"></A>
List the possible completions of the text before point,
treating it as a username.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX453"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX455"></A>
<DT><CODE>complete-variable (M-$)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX454"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX456"></A>
Attempt completion on the text before point, treating
it as a shell variable.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX455"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX457"></A>
<DT><CODE>possible-variable-completions (C-x $)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX456"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX458"></A>
List the possible completions of the text before point,
treating it as a shell variable.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX457"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX459"></A>
<DT><CODE>complete-hostname (M-@)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX458"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX460"></A>
Attempt completion on the text before point, treating
it as a hostname.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX459"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX461"></A>
<DT><CODE>possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX460"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX462"></A>
List the possible completions of the text before point,
treating it as a hostname.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX461"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX463"></A>
<DT><CODE>complete-command (M-!)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX462"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX464"></A>
Attempt completion on the text before point, treating
it as a command name. Command completion attempts to
match the text against aliases, reserved words, shell
in that order.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX463"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX465"></A>
<DT><CODE>possible-command-completions (C-x !)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX464"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX466"></A>
List the possible completions of the text before point,
treating it as a command name.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX465"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX467"></A>
<DT><CODE>dynamic-complete-history (M-<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX466"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX468"></A>
Attempt completion on the text before point, comparing
the text against lines from the history list for possible
completion matches.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX467"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX469"></A>
<DT><CODE>dabbrev-expand ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX468"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX470"></A>
Attempt menu completion on the text before point, comparing
the text against lines from the history list for possible
completion matches.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX469"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX471"></A>
<DT><CODE>complete-into-braces (M-{)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX470"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX472"></A>
Perform filename completion and insert the list of possible completions
enclosed within braces so the list is available to the shell
(see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC29">3.5.1 Brace Expansion</A>).
<!--docid::SEC114::-->
<DL COMPACT>
-<A NAME="IDX471"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX473"></A>
<DT><CODE>start-kbd-macro (C-x ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX472"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX474"></A>
Begin saving the characters typed into the current keyboard macro.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX473"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX475"></A>
<DT><CODE>end-kbd-macro (C-x ))</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX474"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX476"></A>
Stop saving the characters typed into the current keyboard macro
and save the definition.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX475"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX477"></A>
<DT><CODE>call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX476"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX478"></A>
Re-execute the last keyboard macro defined, by making the characters
in the macro appear as if typed at the keyboard.
<P>
<!--docid::SEC115::-->
<DL COMPACT>
-<A NAME="IDX477"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX479"></A>
<DT><CODE>re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX478"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX480"></A>
Read in the contents of the <VAR>inputrc</VAR> file, and incorporate
any bindings or variable assignments found there.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX479"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX481"></A>
<DT><CODE>abort (C-g)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX480"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX482"></A>
Abort the current editing command and
ring the terminal's bell (subject to the setting of
<CODE>bell-style</CODE>).
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX481"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX483"></A>
<DT><CODE>do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-<VAR>x</VAR>, <small>...</small>)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX482"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX484"></A>
If the metafied character <VAR>x</VAR> is lowercase, run the command
that is bound to the corresponding uppercase character.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX483"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX485"></A>
<DT><CODE>prefix-meta (<KBD>ESC</KBD>)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX484"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX486"></A>
Metafy the next character typed. This is for keyboards
without a meta key. Typing <SAMP>`<KBD>ESC</KBD> f'</SAMP> is equivalent to typing
<KBD>M-f</KBD>.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX485"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX487"></A>
<DT><CODE>undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX486"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX488"></A>
Incremental undo, separately remembered for each line.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX487"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX489"></A>
<DT><CODE>revert-line (M-r)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX488"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX490"></A>
Undo all changes made to this line. This is like executing the <CODE>undo</CODE>
command enough times to get back to the beginning.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX489"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX491"></A>
<DT><CODE>tilde-expand (M-&)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX490"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX492"></A>
Perform tilde expansion on the current word.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX491"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX493"></A>
<DT><CODE>set-mark (C-@)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX492"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX494"></A>
Set the mark to the point. If a
numeric argument is supplied, the mark is set to that position.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX493"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX495"></A>
<DT><CODE>exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX494"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX496"></A>
Swap the point with the mark. The current cursor position is set to
the saved position, and the old cursor position is saved as the mark.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX495"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX497"></A>
<DT><CODE>character-search (C-])</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX496"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX498"></A>
A character is read and point is moved to the next occurrence of that
character. A negative count searches for previous occurrences.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX497"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX499"></A>
<DT><CODE>character-search-backward (M-C-])</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX498"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX500"></A>
A character is read and point is moved to the previous occurrence
of that character. A negative count searches for subsequent
occurrences.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX499"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX501"></A>
<DT><CODE>insert-comment (M-#)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX500"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX502"></A>
Without a numeric argument, the value of the <CODE>comment-begin</CODE>
variable is inserted at the beginning of the current line.
If a numeric argument is supplied, this command acts as a toggle: if
will be executed by the shell.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX501"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX503"></A>
<DT><CODE>dump-functions ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX502"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX504"></A>
Print all of the functions and their key bindings to the
Readline output stream. If a numeric argument is supplied,
the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part
of an <VAR>inputrc</VAR> file. This command is unbound by default.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX503"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX505"></A>
<DT><CODE>dump-variables ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX504"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX506"></A>
Print all of the settable variables and their values to the
Readline output stream. If a numeric argument is supplied,
the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part
of an <VAR>inputrc</VAR> file. This command is unbound by default.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX505"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX507"></A>
<DT><CODE>dump-macros ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX506"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX508"></A>
Print all of the Readline key sequences bound to macros and the
strings they output. If a numeric argument is supplied,
the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part
of an <VAR>inputrc</VAR> file. This command is unbound by default.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX507"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX509"></A>
<DT><CODE>glob-complete-word (M-g)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX508"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX510"></A>
The word before point is treated as a pattern for pathname expansion,
with an asterisk implicitly appended. This pattern is used to
generate a list of matching file names for possible completions.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX509"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX511"></A>
<DT><CODE>glob-expand-word (C-x *)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX510"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX512"></A>
The word before point is treated as a pattern for pathname expansion,
and the list of matching file names is inserted, replacing the word.
If a numeric argument is supplied, a <SAMP>`*'</SAMP> is appended before
pathname expansion.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX511"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX513"></A>
<DT><CODE>glob-list-expansions (C-x g)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX512"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX514"></A>
The list of expansions that would have been generated by
<CODE>glob-expand-word</CODE> is displayed, and the line is redrawn.
If a numeric argument is supplied, a <SAMP>`*'</SAMP> is appended before
pathname expansion.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX513"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX515"></A>
<DT><CODE>display-shell-version (C-x C-v)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX514"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX516"></A>
Display version information about the current instance of Bash.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX515"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX517"></A>
<DT><CODE>shell-expand-line (M-C-e)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX516"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX518"></A>
Expand the line as the shell does.
This performs alias and history expansion as well as all of the shell
word expansions (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC28">3.5 Shell Expansions</A>).
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX517"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX519"></A>
<DT><CODE>history-expand-line (M-^)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX518"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX520"></A>
Perform history expansion on the current line.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX519"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX521"></A>
<DT><CODE>magic-space ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX520"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX522"></A>
Perform history expansion on the current line and insert a space
(see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC122">9.3 History Expansion</A>).
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX521"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX523"></A>
<DT><CODE>alias-expand-line ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX522"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX524"></A>
Perform alias expansion on the current line (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC84">6.6 Aliases</A>).
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX523"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX525"></A>
<DT><CODE>history-and-alias-expand-line ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX524"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX526"></A>
Perform history and alias expansion on the current line.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX525"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX527"></A>
<DT><CODE>insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX526"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX528"></A>
A synonym for <CODE>yank-last-arg</CODE>.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX527"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX529"></A>
<DT><CODE>operate-and-get-next (C-o)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX528"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX530"></A>
Accept the current line for execution and fetch the next line
relative to the current line from the history for editing. Any
argument is ignored.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX529"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX531"></A>
<DT><CODE>edit-and-execute-command (C-xC-e)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX530"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX532"></A>
Invoke an editor on the current command line, and execute the result as shell
commands.
Bash attempts to invoke
<DL COMPACT>
<DT><CODE>compgen</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX531"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX533"></A>
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre><CODE>compgen [<VAR>option</VAR>] [<VAR>word</VAR>]</CODE>
</pre></td></tr></table><P>
</P><P>
<DT><CODE>complete</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX532"></A>
-<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre><CODE>complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o <VAR>comp-option</VAR>] [-E] [-A <VAR>action</VAR>] [-G <VAR>globpat</VAR>] [-W <VAR>wordlist</VAR>]
+<DD><A NAME="IDX534"></A>
+<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre><CODE>complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o <VAR>comp-option</VAR>] [-DE] [-A <VAR>action</VAR>] [-G <VAR>globpat</VAR>] [-W <VAR>wordlist</VAR>]
[-F <VAR>function</VAR>] [-C <VAR>command</VAR>] [-X <VAR>filterpat</VAR>]
[-P <VAR>prefix</VAR>] [-S <VAR>suffix</VAR>] <VAR>name</VAR> [<VAR>name</VAR> <small>...</small>]</CODE>
-<CODE>complete -pr [-E] [<VAR>name</VAR> <small>...</small>]</CODE>
+<CODE>complete -pr [-DE] [<VAR>name</VAR> <small>...</small>]</CODE>
</pre></td></tr></table><P>
Specify how arguments to each <VAR>name</VAR> should be completed.
The <SAMP>`-r'</SAMP> option removes a completion specification for
each <VAR>name</VAR>, or, if no <VAR>name</VAR>s are supplied, all
completion specifications.
+The <SAMP>`-D'</SAMP> option indicates that the remaining options and actions should
+apply to the "default" command completion; that is, completion attempted
+on a command for which no completion has previously been defined.
The <SAMP>`-E'</SAMP> option indicates that the remaining options and actions should
apply to "empty" command completion; that is, completion attempted on a
blank line.
</P><P>
<DT><CODE>compopt</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX533"></A>
-<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre><CODE>compopt</CODE> [-o <VAR>option</VAR>] [+o <VAR>option</VAR>] [<VAR>name</VAR>]
+<DD><A NAME="IDX535"></A>
+<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre><CODE>compopt</CODE> [-o <VAR>option</VAR>] [-DE] [+o <VAR>option</VAR>] [<VAR>name</VAR>]
</pre></td></tr></table>Modify completion options for each <VAR>name</VAR> according to the
<VAR>option</VAR>s, or for the currently-execution completion if no <VAR>name</VAR>s
are supplied.
<VAR>name</VAR> or the current completion.
The possible values of <VAR>option</VAR> are those valid for the <CODE>complete</CODE>
builtin described above.
+The <SAMP>`-D'</SAMP> option indicates that the remaining options should
+apply to the "default" command completion; that is, completion attempted
+on a command for which no completion has previously been defined.
+The <SAMP>`-E'</SAMP> option indicates that the remaining options should
+apply to "empty" command completion; that is, completion attempted on a
+blank line.
<P>
The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied, an attempt
</DL>
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX534"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX536"></A>
</P><P>
<A NAME="Using History Interactively"></A>
<DL COMPACT>
<DT><CODE>fc</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX535"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX537"></A>
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre><CODE>fc [-e <VAR>ename</VAR>] [-lnr] [<VAR>first</VAR>] [<VAR>last</VAR>]</CODE>
<CODE>fc -s [<VAR>pat</VAR>=<VAR>rep</VAR>] [<VAR>command</VAR>]</CODE>
</pre></td></tr></table><P>
</P><P>
<DT><CODE>history</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX536"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX538"></A>
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>history [<VAR>n</VAR>]
history -c
history -d <VAR>offset</VAR>
An event designator is a reference to a command line entry in the
history list.
-<A NAME="IDX537"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX539"></A>
</P><P>
<DL COMPACT>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX92"><CODE>caller</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX71"><CODE>cd</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC59">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX93"><CODE>command</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX53
1"><CODE>compgen</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC118">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX53
2"><CODE>complete</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC118">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX53
3"><CODE>compopt</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC118">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX53
3"><CODE>compgen</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC118">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX53
4"><CODE>complete</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC118">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX53
5"><CODE>compopt</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC118">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX72"><CODE>continue</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC59">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="bt_D"></A>D</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX76"><CODE>export</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC59">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="bt_F"></A>F</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX53
5"><CODE>fc</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC121">9.2 Bash History Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX53
7"><CODE>fc</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC121">9.2 Bash History Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX290"><CODE>fg</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC93">7.2 Job Control Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="bt_G"></A>G</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="bt_H"></A>H</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX78"><CODE>hash</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC59">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX97"><CODE>help</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX53
6"><CODE>history</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC121">9.2 Bash History Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX53
8"><CODE>history</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC121">9.2 Bash History Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="bt_J"></A>J</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX291"><CODE>jobs</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC93">7.2 Job Control Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TH ALIGN=LEFT>Index Entry</TH><TH ALIGN=LEFT> Section</TH></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_A"></A>A</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
79"><CODE>abort (C-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX48
0"><CODE>abort (C-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
81"><CODE>abort (C-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX48
2"><CODE>abort (C-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX349"><CODE>accept-line (Newline or Return)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX350"><CODE>accept-line (Newline or Return)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX52
1"><CODE>alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX52
2"><CODE>alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX52
3"><CODE>alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX52
4"><CODE>alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_B"></A>B</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX335"><CODE>backward-char (C-b)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX330"><CODE>beginning-of-line (C-a)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_C"></A>C</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX47
5"><CODE>call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX47
6"><CODE>call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX47
7"><CODE>call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX47
8"><CODE>call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX393"><CODE>capitalize-word (M-c)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX394"><CODE>capitalize-word (M-c)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX49
5"><CODE>character-search (C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX49
6"><CODE>character-search (C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX49
7"><CODE>character-search-backward (M-C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
498"><CODE>character-search-backward (M-C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX49
7"><CODE>character-search (C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX49
8"><CODE>character-search (C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX49
9"><CODE>character-search-backward (M-C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
500"><CODE>character-search-backward (M-C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX345"><CODE>clear-screen (C-l)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX346"><CODE>clear-screen (C-l)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX435"><CODE>complete (<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX436"><CODE>complete (<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX46
1"><CODE>complete-command (M-!)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX46
2"><CODE>complete-command (M-!)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX44
5"><CODE>complete-filename (M-/)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX44
6"><CODE>complete-filename (M-/)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX45
7"><CODE>complete-hostname (M-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
58"><CODE>complete-hostname (M-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
69"><CODE>complete-into-braces (M-{)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX47
0"><CODE>complete-into-braces (M-{)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
49"><CODE>complete-username (M-~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX45
0"><CODE>complete-username (M-~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX45
3"><CODE>complete-variable (M-$)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX45
4"><CODE>complete-variable (M-$)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX46
3"><CODE>complete-command (M-!)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX46
4"><CODE>complete-command (M-!)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX44
7"><CODE>complete-filename (M-/)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX44
8"><CODE>complete-filename (M-/)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX45
9"><CODE>complete-hostname (M-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
60"><CODE>complete-hostname (M-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
71"><CODE>complete-into-braces (M-{)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX47
2"><CODE>complete-into-braces (M-{)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
51"><CODE>complete-username (M-~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX45
2"><CODE>complete-username (M-~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX45
5"><CODE>complete-variable (M-$)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX45
6"><CODE>complete-variable (M-$)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX423"><CODE>copy-backward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX424"><CODE>copy-backward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX425"><CODE>copy-forward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX422"><CODE>copy-region-as-kill ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_D"></A>D</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX46
7"><CODE>dabbrev-expand ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
68"><CODE>dabbrev-expand ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX46
9"><CODE>dabbrev-expand ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
70"><CODE>dabbrev-expand ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX375"><CODE>delete-char (C-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX376"><CODE>delete-char (C-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX44
3"><CODE>delete-char-or-list ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX44
4"><CODE>delete-char-or-list ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX44
5"><CODE>delete-char-or-list ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX44
6"><CODE>delete-char-or-list ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX417"><CODE>delete-horizontal-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX418"><CODE>delete-horizontal-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX431"><CODE>digit-argument (<KBD>M-0</KBD>, <KBD>M-1</KBD>, <small>...</small> <KBD>M--</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX432"><CODE>digit-argument (<KBD>M-0</KBD>, <KBD>M-1</KBD>, <small>...</small> <KBD>M--</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX51
3"><CODE>display-shell-version (C-x C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX51
4"><CODE>display-shell-version (C-x C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX48
1"><CODE>do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-<VAR>x</VAR>, <small>...</small>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX48
2"><CODE>do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-<VAR>x</VAR>, <small>...</small>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX51
5"><CODE>display-shell-version (C-x C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX51
6"><CODE>display-shell-version (C-x C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX48
3"><CODE>do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-<VAR>x</VAR>, <small>...</small>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX48
4"><CODE>do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-<VAR>x</VAR>, <small>...</small>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX391"><CODE>downcase-word (M-l)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX392"><CODE>downcase-word (M-l)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX50
1"><CODE>dump-functions ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX50
2"><CODE>dump-functions ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX50
5"><CODE>dump-macros ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX50
6"><CODE>dump-macros ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX50
3"><CODE>dump-variables ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX50
4"><CODE>dump-variables ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX46
5"><CODE>dynamic-complete-history (M-<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX46
6"><CODE>dynamic-complete-history (M-<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX50
3"><CODE>dump-functions ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX50
4"><CODE>dump-functions ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX50
7"><CODE>dump-macros ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX50
8"><CODE>dump-macros ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX50
5"><CODE>dump-variables ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX50
6"><CODE>dump-variables ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX46
7"><CODE>dynamic-complete-history (M-<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX46
8"><CODE>dynamic-complete-history (M-<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_E"></A>E</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
29"><CODE>edit-and-execute-command (C-xC-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX53
0"><CODE>edit-and-execute-command (C-xC-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX47
3"><CODE>end-kbd-macro (C-x ))</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX47
4"><CODE>end-kbd-macro (C-x ))</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
31"><CODE>edit-and-execute-command (C-xC-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX53
2"><CODE>edit-and-execute-command (C-xC-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX47
5"><CODE>end-kbd-macro (C-x ))</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX47
6"><CODE>end-kbd-macro (C-x ))</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX357"><CODE>end-of-history (M-&#62;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX358"><CODE>end-of-history (M-&#62;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX331"><CODE>end-of-line (C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX332"><CODE>end-of-line (C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX49
3"><CODE>exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX49
4"><CODE>exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX49
5"><CODE>exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX49
6"><CODE>exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_F"></A>F</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX379"><CODE>forward-backward-delete-char ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX338"><CODE>forward-word (M-f)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_G"></A>G</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX50
7"><CODE>glob-complete-word (M-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
08"><CODE>glob-complete-word (M-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
09"><CODE>glob-expand-word (C-x *)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX51
0"><CODE>glob-expand-word (C-x *)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX51
1"><CODE>glob-list-expansions (C-x g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX51
2"><CODE>glob-list-expansions (C-x g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX50
9"><CODE>glob-complete-word (M-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
10"><CODE>glob-complete-word (M-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
11"><CODE>glob-expand-word (C-x *)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX51
2"><CODE>glob-expand-word (C-x *)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX51
3"><CODE>glob-list-expansions (C-x g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX51
4"><CODE>glob-list-expansions (C-x g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_H"></A>H</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX52
3"><CODE>history-and-alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX52
4"><CODE>history-and-alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX51
7"><CODE>history-expand-line (M-^)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
18"><CODE>history-expand-line (M-^)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX52
5"><CODE>history-and-alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX52
6"><CODE>history-and-alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX51
9"><CODE>history-expand-line (M-^)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
20"><CODE>history-expand-line (M-^)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX369"><CODE>history-search-backward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX370"><CODE>history-search-backward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX367"><CODE>history-search-forward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX368"><CODE>history-search-forward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_I"></A>I</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
499"><CODE>insert-comment (M-#)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX50
0"><CODE>insert-comment (M-#)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
501"><CODE>insert-comment (M-#)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX50
2"><CODE>insert-comment (M-#)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX439"><CODE>insert-completions (M-*)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX440"><CODE>insert-completions (M-*)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX52
5"><CODE>insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX52
6"><CODE>insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX52
7"><CODE>insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX52
8"><CODE>insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_K"></A>K</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX397"><CODE>kill-line (C-k)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX406"><CODE>kill-word (M-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_M"></A>M</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
19"><CODE>magic-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX52
0"><CODE>magic-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
21"><CODE>magic-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX52
2"><CODE>magic-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX441"><CODE>menu-complete ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX442"><CODE>menu-complete ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX443"><CODE>menu-complete-backward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX444"><CODE>menu-complete-backward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_N"></A>N</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX353"><CODE>next-history (C-n)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX364"><CODE>non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_O"></A>O</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX52
7"><CODE>operate-and-get-next (C-o)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
28"><CODE>operate-and-get-next (C-o)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX52
9"><CODE>operate-and-get-next (C-o)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
30"><CODE>operate-and-get-next (C-o)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX395"><CODE>overwrite-mode ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX396"><CODE>overwrite-mode ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_P"></A>P</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX46
3"><CODE>possible-command-completions (C-x !)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX46
4"><CODE>possible-command-completions (C-x !)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX46
5"><CODE>possible-command-completions (C-x !)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX46
6"><CODE>possible-command-completions (C-x !)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX437"><CODE>possible-completions (M-?)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX438"><CODE>possible-completions (M-?)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX44
7"><CODE>possible-filename-completions (C-x /)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
48"><CODE>possible-filename-completions (C-x /)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
59"><CODE>possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX46
0"><CODE>possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX45
1"><CODE>possible-username-completions (C-x ~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX45
2"><CODE>possible-username-completions (C-x ~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX45
5"><CODE>possible-variable-completions (C-x $)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX45
6"><CODE>possible-variable-completions (C-x $)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX48
3"><CODE>prefix-meta (<KBD>ESC</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX48
4"><CODE>prefix-meta (<KBD>ESC</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX44
9"><CODE>possible-filename-completions (C-x /)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
50"><CODE>possible-filename-completions (C-x /)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
61"><CODE>possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX46
2"><CODE>possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX45
3"><CODE>possible-username-completions (C-x ~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX45
4"><CODE>possible-username-completions (C-x ~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX45
7"><CODE>possible-variable-completions (C-x $)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX45
8"><CODE>possible-variable-completions (C-x $)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX48
5"><CODE>prefix-meta (<KBD>ESC</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX48
6"><CODE>prefix-meta (<KBD>ESC</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX351"><CODE>previous-history (C-p)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX352"><CODE>previous-history (C-p)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX382"><CODE>quoted-insert (C-q or C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_R"></A>R</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX47
7"><CODE>re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
78"><CODE>re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX47
9"><CODE>re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
80"><CODE>re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX347"><CODE>redraw-current-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX348"><CODE>redraw-current-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX359"><CODE>reverse-search-history (C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX360"><CODE>reverse-search-history (C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX48
7"><CODE>revert-line (M-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
88"><CODE>revert-line (M-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX48
9"><CODE>revert-line (M-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
90"><CODE>revert-line (M-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_S"></A>S</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX383"><CODE>self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, <small>...</small>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX384"><CODE>self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, <small>...</small>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX49
1"><CODE>set-mark (C-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX49
2"><CODE>set-mark (C-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX49
3"><CODE>set-mark (C-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX49
4"><CODE>set-mark (C-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX343"><CODE>shell-backward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX344"><CODE>shell-backward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX51
5"><CODE>shell-expand-line (M-C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX51
6"><CODE>shell-expand-line (M-C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX51
7"><CODE>shell-expand-line (M-C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX51
8"><CODE>shell-expand-line (M-C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX341"><CODE>shell-forward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX342"><CODE>shell-forward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX409"><CODE>shell-kill-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX410"><CODE>shell-kill-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX47
1"><CODE>start-kbd-macro (C-x ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX47
2"><CODE>start-kbd-macro (C-x ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX47
3"><CODE>start-kbd-macro (C-x ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX47
4"><CODE>start-kbd-macro (C-x ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_T"></A>T</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
89"><CODE>tilde-expand (M-&#38;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX49
0"><CODE>tilde-expand (M-&#38;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
91"><CODE>tilde-expand (M-&#38;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX49
2"><CODE>tilde-expand (M-&#38;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX385"><CODE>transpose-chars (C-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX386"><CODE>transpose-chars (C-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX387"><CODE>transpose-words (M-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX388"><CODE>transpose-words (M-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_U"></A>U</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX48
5"><CODE>undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX48
6"><CODE>undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX48
7"><CODE>undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX48
8"><CODE>undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX433"><CODE>universal-argument ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX434"><CODE>universal-argument ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX415"><CODE>unix-filename-rubout ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="cp_H"></A>H</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC121">history builtins</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC121">9.2 Bash History Builtins</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX53
7">history events</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC123">9.3.1 Event Designators</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX53
9">history events</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC123">9.3.1 Event Designators</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC122">history expansion</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC122">9.3 History Expansion</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC120">history list</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC120">9.1 Bash History Facilities</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX53
4">History, how to use</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC118">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX53
6">History, how to use</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC118">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="cp_I"></A>I</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX11">identifier</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC4">2. Definitions</A></TD></TR>
<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="bashref.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<H1>About this document</H1>
-This document was generated by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>June, 17 2009</I>
+This document was generated by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>August, 3 2009</I>
using <A HREF="http://www.mathematik.uni-kl.de/~obachman/Texi2html
"><I>texi2html</I></A>
<P></P>
<BR>
<FONT SIZE="-1">
This document was generated
-by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>June, 17 2009</I>
+by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>August, 3 2009</I>
using <A HREF="http://www.mathematik.uni-kl.de/~obachman/Texi2html
"><I>texi2html</I></A>
list of possible hostname completions may be changed while the
shell is running; the next time hostname completion is attempted
after the value is changed, Bash adds the contents of the new file
- to the existing list. If `HOSTFILE' is set, but has no value,
- Bash attempts to read `/etc/hosts' to obtain the list of possible
- hostname completions. When `HOSTFILE' is unset, the hostname list
- is cleared.
+ to the existing list. If `HOSTFILE' is set, but has no value, or
+ does not name a readable file, Bash attempts to read `/etc/hosts'
+ to obtain the list of possible hostname completions. When
+ `HOSTFILE' is unset, the hostname list is cleared.
`HOSTNAME'
The name of the current host.
command is intended to be bound to <TAB>, but is unbound by
default.
+`menu-complete-backward ()'
+ Identical to `menu-complete', but moves backward through the list
+ of possible completions, as if `menu-complete' had been given a
+ negative argument.
+
`delete-char-or-list ()'
Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the beginning or
end of the line (like `delete-char'). If at the end of the line,
no matches were generated.
`complete'
- `complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o COMP-OPTION] [-E] [-A ACTION] [-G GLOBPAT] [-W WORDLIST]
+ `complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o COMP-OPTION] [-DE] [-A ACTION] [-G GLOBPAT] [-W WORDLIST]
[-F FUNCTION] [-C COMMAND] [-X FILTERPAT]
[-P PREFIX] [-S SUFFIX] NAME [NAME ...]'
- `complete -pr [-E] [NAME ...]'
+ `complete -pr [-DE] [NAME ...]'
Specify how arguments to each NAME should be completed. If the
`-p' option is supplied, or if no options are supplied, existing
completion specifications are printed in a way that allows them to
be reused as input. The `-r' option removes a completion
specification for each NAME, or, if no NAMEs are supplied, all
- completion specifications. The `-E' option indicates that the
- remaining options and actions should apply to "empty" command
- completion; that is, completion attempted on a blank line.
+ completion specifications. The `-D' option indicates that the
+ remaining options and actions should apply to the "default"
+ command completion; that is, completion attempted on a command for
+ which no completion has previously been defined. The `-E' option
+ indicates that the remaining options and actions should apply to
+ "empty" command completion; that is, completion attempted on a
+ blank line.
The process of applying these completion specifications when word
completion is attempted is described above (*note Programmable
adding a completion specification.
`compopt'
- `compopt' [-o OPTION] [+o OPTION] [NAME]
+ `compopt' [-o OPTION] [-DE] [+o OPTION] [NAME]
Modify completion options for each NAME according to the OPTIONs,
or for the currently-execution completion if no NAMEs are supplied.
If no OPTIONs are given, display the completion options for each
NAME or the current completion. The possible values of OPTION are
- those valid for the `complete' builtin described above.
+ those valid for the `complete' builtin described above. The `-D'
+ option indicates that the remaining options should apply to the
+ "default" command completion; that is, completion attempted on a
+ command for which no completion has previously been defined. The
+ `-E' option indicates that the remaining options should apply to
+ "empty" command completion; that is, completion attempted on a
+ blank line.
The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied, an
attempt is made to modify the options for a NAME for which no
* complete: Programmable Completion Builtins.
(line 28)
* compopt: Programmable Completion Builtins.
- (line 213)
+ (line 217)
* continue: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 55)
* declare: Bash Builtins. (line 142)
* copy-region-as-kill (): Commands For Killing. (line 54)
* delete-char (C-d): Commands For Text. (line 6)
* delete-char-or-list (): Commands For Completion.
- (line 34)
+ (line 39)
* delete-horizontal-space (): Commands For Killing. (line 46)
* digit-argument (M-0, M-1, ... M--): Numeric Arguments. (line 6)
* do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-X, ...): Miscellaneous Commands.
* kill-word (M-d): Commands For Killing. (line 19)
* menu-complete (): Commands For Completion.
(line 22)
+* menu-complete-backward (): Commands For Completion.
+ (line 34)
* next-history (C-n): Commands For History. (line 17)
* non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n): Commands For History.
(line 41)
* history list: Bash History Facilities.
(line 6)
* History, how to use: Programmable Completion Builtins.
- (line 225)
+ (line 235)
* identifier: Definitions. (line 51)
* initialization file, readline: Readline Init File. (line 6)
* installation: Basic Installation. (line 6)
Node: Shell Variables\7f166001
Node: Bourne Shell Variables\7f166441
Node: Bash Variables\7f168422
-Node: Bash Features\7f190761
-Node: Invoking Bash\7f191644
-Node: Bash Startup Files\7f197453
-Node: Interactive Shells\7f202422
-Node: What is an Interactive Shell?\7f202832
-Node: Is this Shell Interactive?\7f203481
-Node: Interactive Shell Behavior\7f204296
-Node: Bash Conditional Expressions\7f207576
-Node: Shell Arithmetic\7f211101
-Node: Aliases\7f213847
-Node: Arrays\7f216419
-Node: The Directory Stack\7f220377
-Node: Directory Stack Builtins\7f221091
-Node: Printing a Prompt\7f223983
-Node: The Restricted Shell\7f226735
-Node: Bash POSIX Mode\7f228567
-Node: Job Control\7f236420
-Node: Job Control Basics\7f236880
-Node: Job Control Builtins\7f241597
-Node: Job Control Variables\7f245961
-Node: Command Line Editing\7f247119
-Node: Introduction and Notation\7f248686
-Node: Readline Interaction\7f250308
-Node: Readline Bare Essentials\7f251499
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[56] [57] [58] Chapter 5 [59] [60] [61] [62] [63] [64] [65] [66] [67] [68]
Chapter 6 [69] [70]
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[]@texttt bash [long-opt] [-ir] [-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP] [-o @textttsl op-tion@t
exttt ] [-O @textttsl shopt_option@texttt ] [@textttsl ar-
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[]@texttt bash [long-opt] [-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP] [-o @textttsl op-tion@texttt
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[71] [72]
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[]@textrm When a lo-gin shell ex-its, Bash reads and ex-e-cutes com-mands from
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@textrm `@texttt --enable-strict-posix-default[]@textrm '[] to @texttt configur
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@texttt hostname[]@textrm Hostnames, as taken from the file spec-i-fied by
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[115] [116]) (/Users/chet/src/bash/src/lib/readline/doc/hsuser.texi Chapter 9
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[127]
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[]@textrm Enable sup-port for large files (@texttt http://www.sas.com/standard
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(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
-g(:)44 b Fb(16)150 3241 y(parameters,)27 b(sp)r(ecial)18
+g(:)44 b Fb(16)150 3388 y(parameters,)27 b(sp)r(ecial)18
b Fc(:)c(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)44 b Fb(16)150
-3329 y(pathname)25 b(expansion)12 b Fc(:)i(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+3475 y(pathname)25 b(expansion)12 b Fc(:)i(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
-g(:)38 b Fb(24)150 3418 y(pattern)25 b(matc)n(hing)14
+g(:)38 b Fb(24)150 3563 y(pattern)25 b(matc)n(hing)14
b Fc(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)40
-b Fb(24)150 3506 y(pip)r(eline)23 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
+b Fb(24)150 3650 y(pip)r(eline)23 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)50
-b Fb(8)150 3595 y(POSIX)17 b Fc(:)12 b(:)h(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
+b Fb(8)150 3737 y(POSIX)17 b Fc(:)12 b(:)h(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)44
-b Fb(3)150 3683 y(POSIX)25 b(Mo)r(de)11 b Fc(:)i(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
+b Fb(3)150 3825 y(POSIX)25 b(Mo)r(de)11 b Fc(:)i(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(84)150
-3772 y(pro)r(cess)27 b(group)9 b Fc(:)k(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+3912 y(pro)r(cess)27 b(group)9 b Fc(:)k(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)36 b Fb(3)150 3860 y(pro)r(cess)27
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)36 b Fb(3)150 4000 y(pro)r(cess)27
b(group)e(ID)d Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)49 b Fb(3)150 3949 y(pro)r(cess)27 b(substitution)21
+(:)49 b Fb(3)150 4087 y(pro)r(cess)27 b(substitution)21
b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)48 b Fb(23)150
-4037 y(programmable)27 b(completion)20 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+4175 y(programmable)27 b(completion)20 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)46
-b Fb(112)150 4126 y(prompting)11 b Fc(:)i(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
+b Fb(112)150 4262 y(prompting)11 b Fc(:)i(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)37 b Fb(82)2025
-299 y Fr(Q)2025 416 y Fb(quoting)10 b Fc(:)j(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
+299 y Fr(Q)2025 419 y Fb(quoting)10 b Fc(:)j(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)37
-b Fb(6)2025 503 y(quoting,)26 b(ANSI)13 b Fc(:)e(:)j(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
+b Fb(6)2025 508 y(quoting,)26 b(ANSI)13 b Fc(:)e(:)j(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)40 b Fb(6)2025
-754 y Fr(R)2025 871 y Fb(Readline,)26 b(ho)n(w)g(to)g(use)7
+768 y Fr(R)2025 888 y Fb(Readline,)26 b(ho)n(w)g(to)g(use)7
b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(90)2025
-959 y(redirection)7 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
+977 y(redirection)7 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)33 b Fb(26)2025 1046
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)33 b Fb(26)2025 1066
y(reserv)n(ed)25 b(w)n(ord)7 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)34 b Fb(3)2025 1134
+(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)34 b Fb(3)2025 1155
y(restricted)26 b(shell)8 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)35 b Fb(84)2025 1221 y(return)25
+h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)35 b Fb(84)2025 1244 y(return)25
b(status)c Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)48 b Fb(4)2025 1456 y Fr(S)2025 1573 y
+(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)48 b Fb(4)2025 1487 y Fr(S)2025 1607 y
Fb(shell)26 b(arithmetic)11 b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)37 b Fb(78)2025 1660 y(shell)26 b(function)12
+(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)37 b Fb(78)2025 1696 y(shell)26 b(function)12
b Fc(:)h(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)38
-b Fb(14)2025 1748 y(shell)26 b(script)c Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+b Fb(14)2025 1785 y(shell)26 b(script)c Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)48 b
-Fb(33)2025 1835 y(shell)26 b(v)l(ariable)18 b Fc(:)c(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
+Fb(33)2025 1874 y(shell)26 b(v)l(ariable)18 b Fc(:)c(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)45 b Fb(15)2025
-1923 y(shell,)26 b(in)n(teractiv)n(e)14 b Fc(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
+1964 y(shell,)26 b(in)n(teractiv)n(e)14 b Fc(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)40 b Fb(74)2025 2010 y(signal)7
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)40 b Fb(74)2025 2053 y(signal)7
b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(4)2025 2098
+g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(4)2025 2142
y(signal)27 b(handling)17 b Fc(:)c(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)44 b Fb(32)2025 2185 y(sp)r(ecial)27
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)44 b Fb(32)2025 2231 y(sp)r(ecial)27
b(builtin)10 b Fc(:)j(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-37 b Fb(4,)26 b(59)2025 2273 y(startup)f(\014les)d Fc(:)13
+37 b Fb(4,)26 b(59)2025 2320 y(startup)f(\014les)d Fc(:)13
b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)48
-b Fb(73)2025 2360 y(susp)r(ending)25 b(jobs)6 b Fc(:)14
+b Fb(73)2025 2409 y(susp)r(ending)25 b(jobs)6 b Fc(:)14
b(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)33
-b Fb(87)2025 2612 y Fr(T)2025 2728 y Fb(tilde)26 b(expansion)18
+b Fb(87)2025 2669 y Fr(T)2025 2789 y Fb(tilde)26 b(expansion)18
b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)45
-b Fb(18)2025 2816 y(tok)n(en)11 b Fc(:)h(:)i(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
+b Fb(18)2025 2878 y(tok)n(en)11 b Fc(:)h(:)i(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)38
-b Fb(4)2025 2903 y(translation,)27 b(nativ)n(e)e(languages)13
+b Fb(4)2025 2967 y(translation,)27 b(nativ)n(e)e(languages)13
b Fc(:)i(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)40 b Fb(7)2025 3155 y Fr(V)2025 3271 y Fb(v)l(ariable,)26
+g(:)g(:)g(:)40 b Fb(7)2025 3227 y Fr(V)2025 3347 y Fb(v)l(ariable,)26
b(shell)8 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
-f(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(15)2025 3359 y(v)l(ariables,)27 b(readline)21
+f(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(15)2025 3436 y(v)l(ariables,)27 b(readline)21
b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)47
-b Fb(95)2025 3610 y Fr(W)2025 3727 y Fb(w)n(ord)21 b
+b Fb(95)2025 3695 y Fr(W)2025 3815 y Fb(w)n(ord)21 b
Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)48 b Fb(4)2025 3814
+g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)48 b Fb(4)2025 3904
y(w)n(ord)26 b(splitting)21 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)47 b Fb(23)2025 4066 y Fr(Y)2025
-4182 y Fb(y)n(anking)25 b(text)9 b Fc(:)j(:)h(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
+g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)47 b Fb(23)2025 4164 y Fr(Y)2025
+4284 y Fb(y)n(anking)25 b(text)9 b Fc(:)j(:)h(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)35 b Fb(93)p eop
end
\entry{HOSTFILE}{66}{\code {HOSTFILE}}
\entry{HOSTNAME}{66}{\code {HOSTNAME}}
\entry{HOSTTYPE}{66}{\code {HOSTTYPE}}
-\entry{IGNOREEOF}{66}{\code {IGNOREEOF}}
+\entry{IGNOREEOF}{67}{\code {IGNOREEOF}}
\entry{INPUTRC}{67}{\code {INPUTRC}}
\entry{LANG}{67}{\code {LANG}}
\entry{LC_ALL}{67}{\code {LC_ALL}}
\entry{OLDPWD}{67}{\code {OLDPWD}}
\entry{OPTERR}{67}{\code {OPTERR}}
\entry{OSTYPE}{67}{\code {OSTYPE}}
-\entry{PIPESTATUS}{67}{\code {PIPESTATUS}}
+\entry{PIPESTATUS}{68}{\code {PIPESTATUS}}
\entry{POSIXLY_CORRECT}{68}{\code {POSIXLY_CORRECT}}
\entry{PPID}{68}{\code {PPID}}
\entry{PROMPT_COMMAND}{68}{\code {PROMPT_COMMAND}}
\entry {\code {HOSTTYPE}}{66}
\initial {I}
\entry {\code {IFS}}{61}
-\entry {\code {IGNOREEOF}}{66}
+\entry {\code {IGNOREEOF}}{67}
\entry {\code {input-meta}}{96}
\entry {\code {INPUTRC}}{67}
\entry {\code {isearch-terminators}}{96}
\initial {P}
\entry {\code {page-completions}}{97}
\entry {\code {PATH}}{61}
-\entry {\code {PIPESTATUS}}{67}
+\entry {\code {PIPESTATUS}}{68}
\entry {\code {POSIXLY_CORRECT}}{68}
\entry {\code {PPID}}{68}
\entry {\code {PROMPT_COMMAND}}{68}
The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied,
or no matches were generated.
- c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be [-\b-a\bab\bbc\bcd\bde\bef\bfg\bgj\bjk\bks\bsu\buv\bv] [-\b-o\bo _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\b-_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [-\b-E\bE] [-\b-A\bA _\ba_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [-\b-G\bG _\bg_\bl_\bo_\bb_\bp_\ba_\bt]
- [-\b-W\bW _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt] [-\b-F\bF _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [-\b-C\bC _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd]
+ c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be [-\b-a\bab\bbc\bcd\bde\bef\bfg\bgj\bjk\bks\bsu\buv\bv] [-\b-o\bo _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\b-_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [-\b-D\bDE\bE] [-\b-A\bA _\ba_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [-\b-G\bG _\bg_\bl_\bo_\bb_\b-
+ _\bp_\ba_\bt] [-\b-W\bW _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt] [-\b-F\bF _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [-\b-C\bC _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd]
[-\b-X\bX _\bf_\bi_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bp_\ba_\bt] [-\b-P\bP _\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx] [-\b-S\bS _\bs_\bu_\bf_\bf_\bi_\bx] _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be _\b._\b._\b.]
- c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be -\b-p\bpr\br [-\b-E\bE] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
+ c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be -\b-p\bpr\br [-\b-D\bDE\bE] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
Specify how arguments to each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be should be completed. If the
-\b-p\bp option is supplied, or if no options are supplied, existing
completion specifications are printed in a way that allows them
to be reused as input. The -\b-r\br option removes a completion spec-
ification for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, or, if no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes are supplied, all com-
- pletion specifications. The -\b-E\bE option indicates that the
- remaining options and actions should apply to ``empty'' command
- completion; that is, completion attempted on a blank line.
+ pletion specifications. The -\b-D\bD option indicates that the
+ remaining options and actions should apply to the ``default''
+ command completion; that is, completion attempted on a command
+ for which no completion has previously been defined. The -\b-E\bE
+ option indicates that the remaining options and actions should
+ apply to ``empty'' command completion; that is, completion
+ attempted on a blank line.
The process of applying these completion specifications when
word completion is attempted is described above under P\bPr\bro\bo-\b-
for a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be for which no specification exists, or an error occurs
adding a completion specification.
- c\bco\bom\bmp\bpo\bop\bpt\bt [-\b-o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [+\b+o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be]
+ c\bco\bom\bmp\bpo\bop\bpt\bt [-\b-o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [-\b-D\bDE\bE] [+\b+o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be]
Modify completion options for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be according to the
_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bns, or for the currently-execution completion if no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes
are supplied. If no _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bns are given, display the completion
options for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be or the current completion. The possible
values of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn are those valid for the c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be builtin
- described above.
-
- The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied, an
- attempt is made to modify the options for a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be for which no comple-
+ described above. The -\b-D\bD option indicates that the remaining
+ options should apply to the ``default'' command completion; that
+ is, completion attempted on a command for which no completion
+ has previously been defined. The -\b-E\bE option indicates that the
+ remaining options should apply to ``empty'' command completion;
+ that is, completion attempted on a blank line.
+
+ The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied, an
+ attempt is made to modify the options for a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be for which no comple-
tion specification exists, or an output error occurs.
c\bco\bon\bnt\bti\bin\bnu\bue\be [_\bn]
Resume the next iteration of the enclosing f\bfo\bor\br, w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be, u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl, or
- s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt loop. If _\bn is specified, resume at the _\bnth enclosing
- loop. _\bn must be >= 1. If _\bn is greater than the number of
- enclosing loops, the last enclosing loop (the ``top-level''
+ s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt loop. If _\bn is specified, resume at the _\bnth enclosing
+ loop. _\bn must be >= 1. If _\bn is greater than the number of
+ enclosing loops, the last enclosing loop (the ``top-level''
loop) is resumed. The return value is 0 unless _\bn is not greater
than or equal to 1.
d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be [-\b-a\baA\bAf\bfF\bFi\bil\blr\brt\btu\bux\bx] [-\b-p\bp] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be] ...]
t\bty\byp\bpe\bes\bse\bet\bt [-\b-a\baA\bAf\bfF\bFi\bil\blr\brt\btu\bux\bx] [-\b-p\bp] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be] ...]
- Declare variables and/or give them attributes. If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes are
- given then display the values of variables. The -\b-p\bp option will
+ Declare variables and/or give them attributes. If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes are
+ given then display the values of variables. The -\b-p\bp option will
display the attributes and values of each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. When -\b-p\bp is used
with _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments, additional options are ignored. When -\b-p\bp is
- supplied without _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments, it will display the attributes
- and values of all variables having the attributes specified by
- the additional options. If no other options are supplied with
- -\b-p\bp, d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be will display the attributes and values of all shell
- variables. The -\b-f\bf option will restrict the display to shell
+ supplied without _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments, it will display the attributes
+ and values of all variables having the attributes specified by
+ the additional options. If no other options are supplied with
+ -\b-p\bp, d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be will display the attributes and values of all shell
+ variables. The -\b-f\bf option will restrict the display to shell
functions. The -\b-F\bF option inhibits the display of function defi-
- nitions; only the function name and attributes are printed. If
- the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg shell option is enabled using s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt, the source
+ nitions; only the function name and attributes are printed. If
+ the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg shell option is enabled using s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt, the source
file name and line number where the function is defined are dis-
- played as well. The -\b-F\bF option implies -\b-f\bf. The following
- options can be used to restrict output to variables with the
+ played as well. The -\b-F\bF option implies -\b-f\bf. The following
+ options can be used to restrict output to variables with the
specified attribute or to give variables attributes:
- -\b-a\ba Each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is an indexed array variable (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs
+ -\b-a\ba Each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is an indexed array variable (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs
above).
- -\b-A\bA Each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is an associative array variable (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs
+ -\b-A\bA Each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is an associative array variable (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs
above).
-\b-f\bf Use function names only.
-\b-i\bi The variable is treated as an integer; arithmetic evalua-
- tion (see A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bHM\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN )\b) is performed when the
+ tion (see A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bHM\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN )\b) is performed when the
variable is assigned a value.
- -\b-l\bl When the variable is assigned a value, all upper-case
- characters are converted to lower-case. The upper-case
+ -\b-l\bl When the variable is assigned a value, all upper-case
+ characters are converted to lower-case. The upper-case
attribute is disabled.
-\b-r\br Make _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes readonly. These names cannot then be assigned
values by subsequent assignment statements or unset.
- -\b-t\bt Give each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be the _\bt_\br_\ba_\bc_\be attribute. Traced functions
- inherit the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN traps from the calling
- shell. The trace attribute has no special meaning for
+ -\b-t\bt Give each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be the _\bt_\br_\ba_\bc_\be attribute. Traced functions
+ inherit the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN traps from the calling
+ shell. The trace attribute has no special meaning for
variables.
- -\b-u\bu When the variable is assigned a value, all lower-case
- characters are converted to upper-case. The lower-case
+ -\b-u\bu When the variable is assigned a value, all lower-case
+ characters are converted to upper-case. The lower-case
attribute is disabled.
- -\b-x\bx Mark _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes for export to subsequent commands via the
+ -\b-x\bx Mark _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes for export to subsequent commands via the
environment.
- Using `+' instead of `-' turns off the attribute instead, with
+ Using `+' instead of `-' turns off the attribute instead, with
the exceptions that +\b+a\ba may not be used to destroy an array vari-
- able and +\b+r\br w\bwi\bil\bll\bl n\bno\bot\bt r\bre\bem\bmo\bov\bve\be t\bth\bhe\be r\bre\bea\bad\bdo\bon\bnl\bly\by a\bat\btt\btr\bri\bib\bbu\but\bte\be.\b. W\bWh\bhe\ben\bn u\bus\bse\bed\bd
+ able and +\b+r\br w\bwi\bil\bll\bl n\bno\bot\bt r\bre\bem\bmo\bov\bve\be t\bth\bhe\be r\bre\bea\bad\bdo\bon\bnl\bly\by a\bat\btt\btr\bri\bib\bbu\but\bte\be.\b. W\bWh\bhe\ben\bn u\bus\bse\bed\bd
i\bin\bn a\ba f\bfu\bun\bnc\bct\bti\bio\bon\bn,\b, m\bma\bak\bke\bes\bs e\bea\bac\bch\bh _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl,\b, a\bas\bs w\bwi\bit\bth\bh t\bth\bhe\be l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl command.
If a variable name is followed by =_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be, the value of the vari-
- able is set to _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be. The return value is 0 unless an invalid
- option is encountered, an attempt is made to define a function
- using ``-f foo=bar'', an attempt is made to assign a value to a
- readonly variable, an attempt is made to assign a value to an
+ able is set to _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be. The return value is 0 unless an invalid
+ option is encountered, an attempt is made to define a function
+ using ``-f foo=bar'', an attempt is made to assign a value to a
+ readonly variable, an attempt is made to assign a value to an
array variable without using the compound assignment syntax (see
- A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs above), one of the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs is not a valid shell variable
+ A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs above), one of the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs is not a valid shell variable
name, an attempt is made to turn off readonly status for a read-
- only variable, an attempt is made to turn off array status for
- an array variable, or an attempt is made to display a non-exis-
+ only variable, an attempt is made to turn off array status for
+ an array variable, or an attempt is made to display a non-exis-
tent function with -\b-f\bf.
d\bdi\bir\brs\bs [\b[+\b+_\bn]\b] [\b[-\b-_\bn]\b] [\b[-\b-c\bcp\bpl\blv\bv]\b]
- Without options, displays the list of currently remembered
- directories. The default display is on a single line with
- directory names separated by spaces. Directories are added to
- the list with the p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd command; the p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd command removes
+ Without options, displays the list of currently remembered
+ directories. The default display is on a single line with
+ directory names separated by spaces. Directories are added to
+ the list with the p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd command; the p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd command removes
entries from the list.
+\b+_\bn Displays the _\bnth entry counting from the left of the list
shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs when invoked without options, starting with
zero.
- -\b-_\bn Displays the _\bnth entry counting from the right of the
+ -\b-_\bn Displays the _\bnth entry counting from the right of the
list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs when invoked without options, starting
with zero.
-\b-c\bc Clears the directory stack by deleting all of the
entries.
- -\b-l\bl Produces a longer listing; the default listing format
+ -\b-l\bl Produces a longer listing; the default listing format
uses a tilde to denote the home directory.
-\b-p\bp Print the directory stack with one entry per line.
- -\b-v\bv Print the directory stack with one entry per line, pre-
+ -\b-v\bv Print the directory stack with one entry per line, pre-
fixing each entry with its index in the stack.
- The return value is 0 unless an invalid option is supplied or _\bn
+ The return value is 0 unless an invalid option is supplied or _\bn
indexes beyond the end of the directory stack.
d\bdi\bis\bso\bow\bwn\bn [-\b-a\bar\br] [-\b-h\bh] [_\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc ...]
- Without options, each _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is removed from the table of
- active jobs. If _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not present, and neither -\b-a\ba n\bno\bor\br -\b-r\br
- i\bis\bs s\bsu\bup\bpp\bpl\bli\bie\bed\bd,\b, t\bth\bhe\be s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl'\b's\bs n\bno\bot\bti\bio\bon\bn o\bof\bf t\bth\bhe\be _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb i\bis\bs u\bus\bse\bed\bd.\b. I\bIf\bf
+ Without options, each _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is removed from the table of
+ active jobs. If _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not present, and neither -\b-a\ba n\bno\bor\br -\b-r\br
+ i\bis\bs s\bsu\bup\bpp\bpl\bli\bie\bed\bd,\b, t\bth\bhe\be s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl'\b's\bs n\bno\bot\bti\bio\bon\bn o\bof\bf t\bth\bhe\be _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb i\bis\bs u\bus\bse\bed\bd.\b. I\bIf\bf
t\bth\bhe\be -\b-h\bh o\bop\bpt\bti\bio\bon\bn i\bis\bs g\bgi\biv\bve\ben\bn,\b, e\bea\bac\bch\bh _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not removed from the ta-
- ble, but is marked so that S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP is not sent to the job if the
- shell receives a S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP. If no _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is present, and neither
- the -\b-a\ba nor the -\b-r\br option is supplied, the _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb is used.
+ ble, but is marked so that S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP is not sent to the job if the
+ shell receives a S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP. If no _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is present, and neither
+ the -\b-a\ba nor the -\b-r\br option is supplied, the _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb is used.
If no _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is supplied, the -\b-a\ba option means to remove or mark
- all jobs; the -\b-r\br option without a _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc argument restricts
- operation to running jobs. The return value is 0 unless a _\bj_\bo_\bb_\b-
+ all jobs; the -\b-r\br option without a _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc argument restricts
+ operation to running jobs. The return value is 0 unless a _\bj_\bo_\bb_\b-
_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc does not specify a valid job.
e\bec\bch\bho\bo [-\b-n\bne\beE\bE] [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
- Output the _\ba_\br_\bgs, separated by spaces, followed by a newline.
+ Output the _\ba_\br_\bgs, separated by spaces, followed by a newline.
The return status is always 0. If -\b-n\bn is specified, the trailing
- newline is suppressed. If the -\b-e\be option is given, interpreta-
- tion of the following backslash-escaped characters is enabled.
- The -\b-E\bE option disables the interpretation of these escape char-
- acters, even on systems where they are interpreted by default.
- The x\bxp\bpg\bg_\b_e\bec\bch\bho\bo shell option may be used to dynamically determine
- whether or not e\bec\bch\bho\bo expands these escape characters by default.
- e\bec\bch\bho\bo does not interpret -\b--\b- to mean the end of options. e\bec\bch\bho\bo
+ newline is suppressed. If the -\b-e\be option is given, interpreta-
+ tion of the following backslash-escaped characters is enabled.
+ The -\b-E\bE option disables the interpretation of these escape char-
+ acters, even on systems where they are interpreted by default.
+ The x\bxp\bpg\bg_\b_e\bec\bch\bho\bo shell option may be used to dynamically determine
+ whether or not e\bec\bch\bho\bo expands these escape characters by default.
+ e\bec\bch\bho\bo does not interpret -\b--\b- to mean the end of options. e\bec\bch\bho\bo
interprets the following escape sequences:
\\b\a\ba alert (bell)
\\b\b\bb backspace
\\b\t\bt horizontal tab
\\b\v\bv vertical tab
\\b\\\b\ backslash
- \\b\0\b0_\bn_\bn_\bn the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value
+ \\b\0\b0_\bn_\bn_\bn the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value
_\bn_\bn_\bn (zero to three octal digits)
- \\b\x\bx_\bH_\bH the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal
+ \\b\x\bx_\bH_\bH the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal
value _\bH_\bH (one or two hex digits)
e\ben\bna\bab\bbl\ble\be [-\b-a\ba] [-\b-d\bdn\bnp\bps\bs] [-\b-f\bf _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- Enable and disable builtin shell commands. Disabling a builtin
+ Enable and disable builtin shell commands. Disabling a builtin
allows a disk command which has the same name as a shell builtin
- to be executed without specifying a full pathname, even though
- the shell normally searches for builtins before disk commands.
- If -\b-n\bn is used, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is disabled; otherwise, _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are
+ to be executed without specifying a full pathname, even though
+ the shell normally searches for builtins before disk commands.
+ If -\b-n\bn is used, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is disabled; otherwise, _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are
enabled. For example, to use the t\bte\bes\bst\bt binary found via the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH
- instead of the shell builtin version, run ``enable -n test''.
- The -\b-f\bf option means to load the new builtin command _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be from
+ instead of the shell builtin version, run ``enable -n test''.
+ The -\b-f\bf option means to load the new builtin command _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be from
shared object _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, on systems that support dynamic loading.
- The -\b-d\bd option will delete a builtin previously loaded with -\b-f\bf.
+ The -\b-d\bd option will delete a builtin previously loaded with -\b-f\bf.
If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given, or if the -\b-p\bp option is supplied,
a list of shell builtins is printed. With no other option argu-
- ments, the list consists of all enabled shell builtins. If -\b-n\bn
- is supplied, only disabled builtins are printed. If -\b-a\ba is sup-
- plied, the list printed includes all builtins, with an indica-
- tion of whether or not each is enabled. If -\b-s\bs is supplied, the
- output is restricted to the POSIX _\bs_\bp_\be_\bc_\bi_\ba_\bl builtins. The return
- value is 0 unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a shell builtin or there is an
+ ments, the list consists of all enabled shell builtins. If -\b-n\bn
+ is supplied, only disabled builtins are printed. If -\b-a\ba is sup-
+ plied, the list printed includes all builtins, with an indica-
+ tion of whether or not each is enabled. If -\b-s\bs is supplied, the
+ output is restricted to the POSIX _\bs_\bp_\be_\bc_\bi_\ba_\bl builtins. The return
+ value is 0 unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a shell builtin or there is an
error loading a new builtin from a shared object.
e\bev\bva\bal\bl [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
- The _\ba_\br_\bgs are read and concatenated together into a single com-
- mand. This command is then read and executed by the shell, and
- its exit status is returned as the value of e\bev\bva\bal\bl. If there are
+ The _\ba_\br_\bgs are read and concatenated together into a single com-
+ mand. This command is then read and executed by the shell, and
+ its exit status is returned as the value of e\bev\bva\bal\bl. If there are
no _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs, or only null arguments, e\bev\bva\bal\bl returns 0.
e\bex\bxe\bec\bc [-\b-c\bcl\bl] [-\b-a\ba _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs]]
- If _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is specified, it replaces the shell. No new process
- is created. The _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs become the arguments to _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd. If
+ If _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is specified, it replaces the shell. No new process
+ is created. The _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs become the arguments to _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd. If
the -\b-l\bl option is supplied, the shell places a dash at the begin-
- ning of the zeroth argument passed to _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd. This is what
+ ning of the zeroth argument passed to _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd. This is what
_\bl_\bo_\bg_\bi_\bn(1) does. The -\b-c\bc option causes _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd to be executed with
- an empty environment. If -\b-a\ba is supplied, the shell passes _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
+ an empty environment. If -\b-a\ba is supplied, the shell passes _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
as the zeroth argument to the executed command. If _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd can-
- not be executed for some reason, a non-interactive shell exits,
- unless the shell option e\bex\bxe\bec\bcf\bfa\bai\bil\bl is enabled, in which case it
- returns failure. An interactive shell returns failure if the
+ not be executed for some reason, a non-interactive shell exits,
+ unless the shell option e\bex\bxe\bec\bcf\bfa\bai\bil\bl is enabled, in which case it
+ returns failure. An interactive shell returns failure if the
file cannot be executed. If _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is not specified, any redi-
rections take effect in the current shell, and the return status
- is 0. If there is a redirection error, the return status is 1.
+ is 0. If there is a redirection error, the return status is 1.
e\bex\bxi\bit\bt [_\bn]
- Cause the shell to exit with a status of _\bn. If _\bn is omitted,
+ Cause the shell to exit with a status of _\bn. If _\bn is omitted,
the exit status is that of the last command executed. A trap on
E\bEX\bXI\bIT\bT is executed before the shell terminates.
e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt [-\b-f\bfn\bn] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd]] ...
e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt -\b-p\bp
- The supplied _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are marked for automatic export to the envi-
- ronment of subsequently executed commands. If the -\b-f\bf option is
- given, the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs refer to functions. If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are given, or
- if the -\b-p\bp option is supplied, a list of all names that are
- exported in this shell is printed. The -\b-n\bn option causes the
- export property to be removed from each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If a variable
- name is followed by =_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, the value of the variable is set to
- _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd. e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt returns an exit status of 0 unless an invalid
- option is encountered, one of the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs is not a valid shell
+ The supplied _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are marked for automatic export to the envi-
+ ronment of subsequently executed commands. If the -\b-f\bf option is
+ given, the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs refer to functions. If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are given, or
+ if the -\b-p\bp option is supplied, a list of all names that are
+ exported in this shell is printed. The -\b-n\bn option causes the
+ export property to be removed from each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If a variable
+ name is followed by =_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, the value of the variable is set to
+ _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd. e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt returns an exit status of 0 unless an invalid
+ option is encountered, one of the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs is not a valid shell
variable name, or -\b-f\bf is supplied with a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be that is not a func-
tion.
f\bfc\bc [-\b-e\be _\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [-\b-l\bln\bnr\br] [_\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt] [_\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt]
f\bfc\bc -\b-s\bs [_\bp_\ba_\bt=_\br_\be_\bp] [_\bc_\bm_\bd]
- Fix Command. In the first form, a range of commands from _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt
- to _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt is selected from the history list. _\bF_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt and _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt may
- be specified as a string (to locate the last command beginning
- with that string) or as a number (an index into the history
+ Fix Command. In the first form, a range of commands from _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt
+ to _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt is selected from the history list. _\bF_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt and _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt may
+ be specified as a string (to locate the last command beginning
+ with that string) or as a number (an index into the history
list, where a negative number is used as an offset from the cur-
rent command number). If _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt is not specified it is set to the
- current command for listing (so that ``fc -l -10'' prints the
+ current command for listing (so that ``fc -l -10'' prints the
last 10 commands) and to _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt otherwise. If _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt is not spec-
- ified it is set to the previous command for editing and -16 for
+ ified it is set to the previous command for editing and -16 for
listing.
- The -\b-n\bn option suppresses the command numbers when listing. The
- -\b-r\br option reverses the order of the commands. If the -\b-l\bl option
- is given, the commands are listed on standard output. Other-
- wise, the editor given by _\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is invoked on a file containing
- those commands. If _\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not given, the value of the F\bFC\bCE\bED\bDI\bIT\bT
- variable is used, and the value of E\bED\bDI\bIT\bTO\bOR\bR if F\bFC\bCE\bED\bDI\bIT\bT is not set.
- If neither variable is set, is used. When editing is complete,
+ The -\b-n\bn option suppresses the command numbers when listing. The
+ -\b-r\br option reverses the order of the commands. If the -\b-l\bl option
+ is given, the commands are listed on standard output. Other-
+ wise, the editor given by _\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is invoked on a file containing
+ those commands. If _\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not given, the value of the F\bFC\bCE\bED\bDI\bIT\bT
+ variable is used, and the value of E\bED\bDI\bIT\bTO\bOR\bR if F\bFC\bCE\bED\bDI\bIT\bT is not set.
+ If neither variable is set, is used. When editing is complete,
the edited commands are echoed and executed.
- In the second form, _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is re-executed after each instance
- of _\bp_\ba_\bt is replaced by _\br_\be_\bp. A useful alias to use with this is
- ``r="fc -s"'', so that typing ``r cc'' runs the last command
+ In the second form, _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is re-executed after each instance
+ of _\bp_\ba_\bt is replaced by _\br_\be_\bp. A useful alias to use with this is
+ ``r="fc -s"'', so that typing ``r cc'' runs the last command
beginning with ``cc'' and typing ``r'' re-executes the last com-
mand.
- If the first form is used, the return value is 0 unless an
- invalid option is encountered or _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt or _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt specify history
- lines out of range. If the -\b-e\be option is supplied, the return
+ If the first form is used, the return value is 0 unless an
+ invalid option is encountered or _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt or _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt specify history
+ lines out of range. If the -\b-e\be option is supplied, the return
value is the value of the last command executed or failure if an
error occurs with the temporary file of commands. If the second
- form is used, the return status is that of the command re-exe-
- cuted, unless _\bc_\bm_\bd does not specify a valid history line, in
+ form is used, the return status is that of the command re-exe-
+ cuted, unless _\bc_\bm_\bd does not specify a valid history line, in
which case f\bfc\bc returns failure.
f\bfg\bg [_\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc]
- Resume _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc in the foreground, and make it the current job.
+ Resume _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc in the foreground, and make it the current job.
If _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not present, the shell's notion of the _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb
- is used. The return value is that of the command placed into
- the foreground, or failure if run when job control is disabled
+ is used. The return value is that of the command placed into
+ the foreground, or failure if run when job control is disabled
or, when run with job control enabled, if _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc does not spec-
- ify a valid job or _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc specifies a job that was started
+ ify a valid job or _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc specifies a job that was started
without job control.
g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bs]
- g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is used by shell procedures to parse positional parame-
- ters. _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg contains the option characters to be recog-
- nized; if a character is followed by a colon, the option is
- expected to have an argument, which should be separated from it
- by white space. The colon and question mark characters may not
- be used as option characters. Each time it is invoked, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs
- places the next option in the shell variable _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, initializing
+ g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is used by shell procedures to parse positional parame-
+ ters. _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg contains the option characters to be recog-
+ nized; if a character is followed by a colon, the option is
+ expected to have an argument, which should be separated from it
+ by white space. The colon and question mark characters may not
+ be used as option characters. Each time it is invoked, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs
+ places the next option in the shell variable _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, initializing
_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be if it does not exist, and the index of the next argument to
be processed into the variable O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD. O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD is initialized to
- 1 each time the shell or a shell script is invoked. When an
- option requires an argument, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs places that argument into
- the variable O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG. The shell does not reset O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD automati-
- cally; it must be manually reset between multiple calls to
+ 1 each time the shell or a shell script is invoked. When an
+ option requires an argument, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs places that argument into
+ the variable O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG. The shell does not reset O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD automati-
+ cally; it must be manually reset between multiple calls to
g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs within the same shell invocation if a new set of parame-
ters is to be used.
- When the end of options is encountered, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs exits with a
- return value greater than zero. O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD is set to the index of
+ When the end of options is encountered, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs exits with a
+ return value greater than zero. O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD is set to the index of
the first non-option argument, and n\bna\bam\bme\be is set to ?.
- g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs normally parses the positional parameters, but if more
+ g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs normally parses the positional parameters, but if more
arguments are given in _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs parses those instead.
- g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs can report errors in two ways. If the first character
- of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg is a colon, _\bs_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\bt error reporting is used. In
- normal operation diagnostic messages are printed when invalid
- options or missing option arguments are encountered. If the
- variable O\bOP\bPT\bTE\bER\bRR\bR is set to 0, no error messages will be dis-
+ g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs can report errors in two ways. If the first character
+ of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg is a colon, _\bs_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\bt error reporting is used. In
+ normal operation diagnostic messages are printed when invalid
+ options or missing option arguments are encountered. If the
+ variable O\bOP\bPT\bTE\bER\bRR\bR is set to 0, no error messages will be dis-
played, even if the first character of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg is not a colon.
If an invalid option is seen, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs places ? into _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be and, if
- not silent, prints an error message and unsets O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG. If
- g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is silent, the option character found is placed in
+ not silent, prints an error message and unsets O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG. If
+ g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is silent, the option character found is placed in
O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG and no diagnostic message is printed.
- If a required argument is not found, and g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is not silent,
- a question mark (?\b?) is placed in _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG is unset, and a
- diagnostic message is printed. If g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is silent, then a
- colon (:\b:) is placed in _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be and O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG is set to the option
+ If a required argument is not found, and g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is not silent,
+ a question mark (?\b?) is placed in _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG is unset, and a
+ diagnostic message is printed. If g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is silent, then a
+ colon (:\b:) is placed in _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be and O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG is set to the option
character found.
- g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs returns true if an option, specified or unspecified, is
+ g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs returns true if an option, specified or unspecified, is
found. It returns false if the end of options is encountered or
an error occurs.
h\bha\bas\bsh\bh [-\b-l\blr\br] [-\b-p\bp _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [-\b-d\bdt\bt] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be]
- For each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, the full file name of the command is determined
+ For each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, the full file name of the command is determined
by searching the directories in $\b$P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH and remembered. If the -\b-p\bp
option is supplied, no path search is performed, and _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is
used as the full file name of the command. The -\b-r\br option causes
- the shell to forget all remembered locations. The -\b-d\bd option
+ the shell to forget all remembered locations. The -\b-d\bd option
causes the shell to forget the remembered location of each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.
- If the -\b-t\bt option is supplied, the full pathname to which each
- _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be corresponds is printed. If multiple _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are
- supplied with -\b-t\bt, the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is printed before the hashed full
+ If the -\b-t\bt option is supplied, the full pathname to which each
+ _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be corresponds is printed. If multiple _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are
+ supplied with -\b-t\bt, the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is printed before the hashed full
pathname. The -\b-l\bl option causes output to be displayed in a for-
- mat that may be reused as input. If no arguments are given, or
+ mat that may be reused as input. If no arguments are given, or
if only -\b-l\bl is supplied, information about remembered commands is
- printed. The return status is true unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not found
+ printed. The return status is true unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not found
or an invalid option is supplied.
h\bhe\bel\blp\bp [-\b-d\bdm\bms\bs] [_\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn]
- Display helpful information about builtin commands. If _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn
- is specified, h\bhe\bel\blp\bp gives detailed help on all commands matching
- _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn; otherwise help for all the builtins and shell control
+ Display helpful information about builtin commands. If _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn
+ is specified, h\bhe\bel\blp\bp gives detailed help on all commands matching
+ _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn; otherwise help for all the builtins and shell control
structures is printed.
-\b-d\bd Display a short description of each _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn
-\b-m\bm Display the description of each _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn in a manpage-like
h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by -\b-s\bs _\ba_\br_\bg [_\ba_\br_\bg _\b._\b._\b.]
With no options, display the command history list with line num-
bers. Lines listed with a *\b* have been modified. An argument of
- _\bn lists only the last _\bn lines. If the shell variable H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bE-\b-
- F\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT is set and not null, it is used as a format string for
- _\bs_\bt_\br_\bf_\bt_\bi_\bm_\be(3) to display the time stamp associated with each dis-
- played history entry. No intervening blank is printed between
- the formatted time stamp and the history line. If _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is
- supplied, it is used as the name of the history file; if not,
- the value of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is used. Options, if supplied, have the
+ _\bn lists only the last _\bn lines. If the shell variable H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bE-\b-
+ F\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT is set and not null, it is used as a format string for
+ _\bs_\bt_\br_\bf_\bt_\bi_\bm_\be(3) to display the time stamp associated with each dis-
+ played history entry. No intervening blank is printed between
+ the formatted time stamp and the history line. If _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is
+ supplied, it is used as the name of the history file; if not,
+ the value of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is used. Options, if supplied, have the
following meanings:
-\b-c\bc Clear the history list by deleting all the entries.
-\b-d\bd _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt
Delete the history entry at position _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt.
- -\b-a\ba Append the ``new'' history lines (history lines entered
- since the beginning of the current b\bba\bas\bsh\bh session) to the
+ -\b-a\ba Append the ``new'' history lines (history lines entered
+ since the beginning of the current b\bba\bas\bsh\bh session) to the
history file.
- -\b-n\bn Read the history lines not already read from the history
- file into the current history list. These are lines
- appended to the history file since the beginning of the
+ -\b-n\bn Read the history lines not already read from the history
+ file into the current history list. These are lines
+ appended to the history file since the beginning of the
current b\bba\bas\bsh\bh session.
-\b-r\br Read the contents of the history file and use them as the
current history.
- -\b-w\bw Write the current history to the history file, overwrit-
+ -\b-w\bw Write the current history to the history file, overwrit-
ing the history file's contents.
- -\b-p\bp Perform history substitution on the following _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs and
- display the result on the standard output. Does not
- store the results in the history list. Each _\ba_\br_\bg must be
+ -\b-p\bp Perform history substitution on the following _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs and
+ display the result on the standard output. Does not
+ store the results in the history list. Each _\ba_\br_\bg must be
quoted to disable normal history expansion.
- -\b-s\bs Store the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs in the history list as a single entry.
- The last command in the history list is removed before
+ -\b-s\bs Store the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs in the history list as a single entry.
+ The last command in the history list is removed before
the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs are added.
If the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bEF\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT is set, the time stamp information associ-
- ated with each history entry is written to the history file,
- marked with the history comment character. When the history
+ ated with each history entry is written to the history file,
+ marked with the history comment character. When the history
file is read, lines beginning with the history comment character
- followed immediately by a digit are interpreted as timestamps
- for the previous history line. The return value is 0 unless an
- invalid option is encountered, an error occurs while reading or
- writing the history file, an invalid _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt is supplied as an
+ followed immediately by a digit are interpreted as timestamps
+ for the previous history line. The return value is 0 unless an
+ invalid option is encountered, an error occurs while reading or
+ writing the history file, an invalid _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt is supplied as an
argument to -\b-d\bd, or the history expansion supplied as an argument
to -\b-p\bp fails.
The first form lists the active jobs. The options have the fol-
lowing meanings:
-\b-l\bl List process IDs in addition to the normal information.
- -\b-p\bp List only the process ID of the job's process group
+ -\b-p\bp List only the process ID of the job's process group
leader.
- -\b-n\bn Display information only about jobs that have changed
- status since the user was last notified of their status.
+ -\b-n\bn Display information only about jobs that have changed
+ status since the user was last notified of their status.
-\b-r\br Restrict output to running jobs.
-\b-s\bs Restrict output to stopped jobs.
- If _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is given, output is restricted to information about
- that job. The return status is 0 unless an invalid option is
+ If _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is given, output is restricted to information about
+ that job. The return status is 0 unless an invalid option is
encountered or an invalid _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is supplied.
If the -\b-x\bx option is supplied, j\bjo\bob\bbs\bs replaces any _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc found in
- _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd or _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs with the corresponding process group ID, and
+ _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd or _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs with the corresponding process group ID, and
executes _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd passing it _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs, returning its exit status.
k\bki\bil\bll\bl [-\b-s\bs _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc | -\b-n\bn _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bu_\bm | -\b-_\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc] [_\bp_\bi_\bd | _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc] ...
k\bki\bil\bll\bl -\b-l\bl [_\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc | _\be_\bx_\bi_\bt_\b__\bs_\bt_\ba_\bt_\bu_\bs]
- Send the signal named by _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc or _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bu_\bm to the processes
- named by _\bp_\bi_\bd or _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc. _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is either a case-insensitive
- signal name such as S\bSI\bIG\bGK\bKI\bIL\bLL\bL (with or without the S\bSI\bIG\bG prefix) or
- a signal number; _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bu_\bm is a signal number. If _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not
- present, then S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTE\bER\bRM\bM is assumed. An argument of -\b-l\bl lists the
- signal names. If any arguments are supplied when -\b-l\bl is given,
- the names of the signals corresponding to the arguments are
+ Send the signal named by _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc or _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bu_\bm to the processes
+ named by _\bp_\bi_\bd or _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc. _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is either a case-insensitive
+ signal name such as S\bSI\bIG\bGK\bKI\bIL\bLL\bL (with or without the S\bSI\bIG\bG prefix) or
+ a signal number; _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bu_\bm is a signal number. If _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not
+ present, then S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTE\bER\bRM\bM is assumed. An argument of -\b-l\bl lists the
+ signal names. If any arguments are supplied when -\b-l\bl is given,
+ the names of the signals corresponding to the arguments are
listed, and the return status is 0. The _\be_\bx_\bi_\bt_\b__\bs_\bt_\ba_\bt_\bu_\bs argument to
- -\b-l\bl is a number specifying either a signal number or the exit
- status of a process terminated by a signal. k\bki\bil\bll\bl returns true
- if at least one signal was successfully sent, or false if an
+ -\b-l\bl is a number specifying either a signal number or the exit
+ status of a process terminated by a signal. k\bki\bil\bll\bl returns true
+ if at least one signal was successfully sent, or false if an
error occurs or an invalid option is encountered.
l\ble\bet\bt _\ba_\br_\bg [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
Each _\ba_\br_\bg is an arithmetic expression to be evaluated (see A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bH-\b-
- M\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN). If the last _\ba_\br_\bg evaluates to 0, l\ble\bet\bt returns
+ M\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN). If the last _\ba_\br_\bg evaluates to 0, l\ble\bet\bt returns
1; 0 is returned otherwise.
l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl [_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be] ...]
- For each argument, a local variable named _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is created, and
- assigned _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be. The _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn can be any of the options accepted
+ For each argument, a local variable named _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is created, and
+ assigned _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be. The _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn can be any of the options accepted
by d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be. When l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl is used within a function, it causes the
- variable _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be to have a visible scope restricted to that func-
+ variable _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be to have a visible scope restricted to that func-
tion and its children. With no operands, l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl writes a list of
- local variables to the standard output. It is an error to use
+ local variables to the standard output. It is an error to use
l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl when not within a function. The return status is 0 unless
- l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl is used outside a function, an invalid _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is supplied,
+ l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl is used outside a function, an invalid _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is supplied,
or _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is a readonly variable.
l\blo\bog\bgo\bou\but\bt Exit a login shell.
- m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be [-\b-n\bn _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-O\bO _\bo_\br_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bn] [-\b-s\bs _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-t\bt] [-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd] [-\b-C\bC _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk]
+ m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be [-\b-n\bn _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-O\bO _\bo_\br_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bn] [-\b-s\bs _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-t\bt] [-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd] [-\b-C\bC _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk]
[-\b-c\bc _\bq_\bu_\ba_\bn_\bt_\bu_\bm] [_\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by]
- r\bre\bea\bad\bda\bar\brr\bra\bay\by [-\b-n\bn _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-O\bO _\bo_\br_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bn] [-\b-s\bs _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-t\bt] [-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd] [-\b-C\bC _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk]
+ r\bre\bea\bad\bda\bar\brr\bra\bay\by [-\b-n\bn _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-O\bO _\bo_\br_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bn] [-\b-s\bs _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-t\bt] [-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd] [-\b-C\bC _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk]
[-\b-c\bc _\bq_\bu_\ba_\bn_\bt_\bu_\bm] [_\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by]
Read lines from the standard input into array variable _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by, or
from file descriptor _\bf_\bd if the -\b-u\bu option is supplied. The vari-
- able M\bMA\bAP\bPF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is the default _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by. Options, if supplied, have
+ able M\bMA\bAP\bPF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is the default _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by. Options, if supplied, have
the following meanings:
- -\b-n\bn Copy at most _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt lines. If _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt is 0, all lines are
+ -\b-n\bn Copy at most _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt lines. If _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt is 0, all lines are
copied.
- -\b-O\bO Begin assigning to _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by at index _\bo_\br_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bn. The default
+ -\b-O\bO Begin assigning to _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by at index _\bo_\br_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bn. The default
index is 0.
-\b-s\bs Discard the first _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt lines read.
-\b-t\bt Remove a trailing line from each line read.
- -\b-u\bu Read lines from file descriptor _\bf_\bd instead of the stan-
+ -\b-u\bu Read lines from file descriptor _\bf_\bd instead of the stan-
dard input.
- -\b-C\bC Evaluate _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk each time _\bq_\bu_\ba_\bn_\bt_\bu_\bm lines are read. The
+ -\b-C\bC Evaluate _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk each time _\bq_\bu_\ba_\bn_\bt_\bu_\bm lines are read. The
-\b-c\bc option specifies _\bq_\bu_\ba_\bn_\bt_\bu_\bm.
- -\b-c\bc Specify the number of lines read between each call to
+ -\b-c\bc Specify the number of lines read between each call to
_\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk.
- If -\b-C\bC is specified without -\b-c\bc, the default quantum is 5000.
+ If -\b-C\bC is specified without -\b-c\bc, the default quantum is 5000.
When _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk is evaluated, it is supplied the index of the next
- array element to be assigned as an additional argument. _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\b-
- _\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk is evaluated after the line is read but before the array
+ array element to be assigned as an additional argument. _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\b-
+ _\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk is evaluated after the line is read but before the array
element is assigned.
- If not supplied with an explicit origin, m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be will clear
+ If not supplied with an explicit origin, m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be will clear
_\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by before assigning to it.
- m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be returns successfully unless an invalid option or option
+ m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be returns successfully unless an invalid option or option
argument is supplied, or _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by is invalid or unassignable.
p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd [-n\bn] [+_\bn] [-_\bn]
- Removes entries from the directory stack. With no arguments,
- removes the top directory from the stack, and performs a c\bcd\bd to
+ Removes entries from the directory stack. With no arguments,
+ removes the top directory from the stack, and performs a c\bcd\bd to
the new top directory. Arguments, if supplied, have the follow-
ing meanings:
- -\b-n\bn Suppresses the normal change of directory when removing
- directories from the stack, so that only the stack is
+ -\b-n\bn Suppresses the normal change of directory when removing
+ directories from the stack, so that only the stack is
manipulated.
- +\b+_\bn Removes the _\bnth entry counting from the left of the list
- shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with zero. For example: ``popd
+ +\b+_\bn Removes the _\bnth entry counting from the left of the list
+ shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with zero. For example: ``popd
+0'' removes the first directory, ``popd +1'' the second.
-\b-_\bn Removes the _\bnth entry counting from the right of the list
- shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with zero. For example: ``popd
- -0'' removes the last directory, ``popd -1'' the next to
+ shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with zero. For example: ``popd
+ -0'' removes the last directory, ``popd -1'' the next to
last.
- If the p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd command is successful, a d\bdi\bir\brs\bs is performed as well,
- and the return status is 0. p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd returns false if an invalid
+ If the p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd command is successful, a d\bdi\bir\brs\bs is performed as well,
+ and the return status is 0. p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd returns false if an invalid
option is encountered, the directory stack is empty, a non-exis-
tent directory stack entry is specified, or the directory change
fails.
p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf [-\b-v\bv _\bv_\ba_\br] _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs]
- Write the formatted _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs to the standard output under the
- control of the _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt. The _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt is a character string which
- contains three types of objects: plain characters, which are
- simply copied to standard output, character escape sequences,
- which are converted and copied to the standard output, and for-
- mat specifications, each of which causes printing of the next
+ Write the formatted _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs to the standard output under the
+ control of the _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt. The _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt is a character string which
+ contains three types of objects: plain characters, which are
+ simply copied to standard output, character escape sequences,
+ which are converted and copied to the standard output, and for-
+ mat specifications, each of which causes printing of the next
successive _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt. In addition to the standard _\bp_\br_\bi_\bn_\bt_\bf(1) for-
- mats, %\b%b\bb causes p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf to expand backslash escape sequences in
- the corresponding _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt (except that \\b\c\bc terminates output,
+ mats, %\b%b\bb causes p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf to expand backslash escape sequences in
+ the corresponding _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt (except that \\b\c\bc terminates output,
backslashes in \\b\'\b', \\b\"\b", and \\b\?\b? are not removed, and octal escapes
- beginning with \\b\0\b0 may contain up to four digits), and %\b%q\bq causes
+ beginning with \\b\0\b0 may contain up to four digits), and %\b%q\bq causes
p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf to output the corresponding _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt in a format that can
be reused as shell input.
- The -\b-v\bv option causes the output to be assigned to the variable
+ The -\b-v\bv option causes the output to be assigned to the variable
_\bv_\ba_\br rather than being printed to the standard output.
- The _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt is reused as necessary to consume all of the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\b-
+ The _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt is reused as necessary to consume all of the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\b-
_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs. If the _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt requires more _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs than are supplied,
- the extra format specifications behave as if a zero value or
- null string, as appropriate, had been supplied. The return
+ the extra format specifications behave as if a zero value or
+ null string, as appropriate, had been supplied. The return
value is zero on success, non-zero on failure.
p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd [-\b-n\bn] [+_\bn] [-_\bn]
p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd [-\b-n\bn] [_\bd_\bi_\br]
- Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates
- the stack, making the new top of the stack the current working
+ Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates
+ the stack, making the new top of the stack the current working
directory. With no arguments, exchanges the top two directories
- and returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty. Arguments,
+ and returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty. Arguments,
if supplied, have the following meanings:
- -\b-n\bn Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding
- directories to the stack, so that only the stack is
+ -\b-n\bn Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding
+ directories to the stack, so that only the stack is
manipulated.
- +\b+_\bn Rotates the stack so that the _\bnth directory (counting
- from the left of the list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with
+ +\b+_\bn Rotates the stack so that the _\bnth directory (counting
+ from the left of the list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with
zero) is at the top.
- -\b-_\bn Rotates the stack so that the _\bnth directory (counting
- from the right of the list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with
+ -\b-_\bn Rotates the stack so that the _\bnth directory (counting
+ from the right of the list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with
zero) is at the top.
_\bd_\bi_\br Adds _\bd_\bi_\br to the directory stack at the top, making it the
new current working directory.
If the p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd command is successful, a d\bdi\bir\brs\bs is performed as well.
- If the first form is used, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd returns 0 unless the cd to _\bd_\bi_\br
- fails. With the second form, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd returns 0 unless the direc-
- tory stack is empty, a non-existent directory stack element is
- specified, or the directory change to the specified new current
+ If the first form is used, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd returns 0 unless the cd to _\bd_\bi_\br
+ fails. With the second form, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd returns 0 unless the direc-
+ tory stack is empty, a non-existent directory stack element is
+ specified, or the directory change to the specified new current
directory fails.
p\bpw\bwd\bd [-\b-L\bLP\bP]
- Print the absolute pathname of the current working directory.
+ Print the absolute pathname of the current working directory.
The pathname printed contains no symbolic links if the -\b-P\bP option
is supplied or the -\b-o\bo p\bph\bhy\bys\bsi\bic\bca\bal\bl option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command
- is enabled. If the -\b-L\bL option is used, the pathname printed may
- contain symbolic links. The return status is 0 unless an error
- occurs while reading the name of the current directory or an
+ is enabled. If the -\b-L\bL option is used, the pathname printed may
+ contain symbolic links. The return status is 0 unless an error
+ occurs while reading the name of the current directory or an
invalid option is supplied.
r\bre\bea\bad\bd [-\b-e\ber\brs\bs] [-\b-a\ba _\ba_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [-\b-d\bd _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm] [-\b-i\bi _\bt_\be_\bx_\bt] [-\b-n\bn _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs] [-\b-p\bp _\bp_\br_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bt] [-\b-t\bt
_\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt] [-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- One line is read from the standard input, or from the file
- descriptor _\bf_\bd supplied as an argument to the -\b-u\bu option, and the
+ One line is read from the standard input, or from the file
+ descriptor _\bf_\bd supplied as an argument to the -\b-u\bu option, and the
first word is assigned to the first _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, the second word to the
- second _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, and so on, with leftover words and their interven-
- ing separators assigned to the last _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If there are fewer
+ second _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, and so on, with leftover words and their interven-
+ ing separators assigned to the last _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If there are fewer
words read from the input stream than names, the remaining names
- are assigned empty values. The characters in I\bIF\bFS\bS are used to
- split the line into words. The backslash character (\\b\) may be
- used to remove any special meaning for the next character read
- and for line continuation. Options, if supplied, have the fol-
+ are assigned empty values. The characters in I\bIF\bFS\bS are used to
+ split the line into words. The backslash character (\\b\) may be
+ used to remove any special meaning for the next character read
+ and for line continuation. Options, if supplied, have the fol-
lowing meanings:
-\b-a\ba _\ba_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
The words are assigned to sequential indices of the array
new values are assigned. Other _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are
ignored.
-\b-d\bd _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm
- The first character of _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm is used to terminate the
+ The first character of _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm is used to terminate the
input line, rather than newline.
-\b-e\be If the standard input is coming from a terminal, r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be
- (see R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE above) is used to obtain the line. Read-
- line uses the current (or default, if line editing was
+ (see R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE above) is used to obtain the line. Read-
+ line uses the current (or default, if line editing was
not previously active) editing settings.
-\b-i\bi _\bt_\be_\bx_\bt
- If r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used to read the line, _\bt_\be_\bx_\bt is
+ If r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used to read the line, _\bt_\be_\bx_\bt is
placed into the editing buffer before editing begins.
-\b-n\bn _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs
- r\bre\bea\bad\bd returns after reading _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters rather than
+ r\bre\bea\bad\bd returns after reading _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters rather than
waiting for a complete line of input.
-\b-p\bp _\bp_\br_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bt
Display _\bp_\br_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bt on standard error, without a trailing new-
line, before attempting to read any input. The prompt is
displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.
-\b-r\br Backslash does not act as an escape character. The back-
- slash is considered to be part of the line. In particu-
- lar, a backslash-newline pair may not be used as a line
+ slash is considered to be part of the line. In particu-
+ lar, a backslash-newline pair may not be used as a line
continuation.
-\b-s\bs Silent mode. If input is coming from a terminal, charac-
ters are not echoed.
-\b-t\bt _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt
- Cause r\bre\bea\bad\bd to time out and return failure if a complete
- line of input is not read within _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt seconds. _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\b-
- _\bo_\bu_\bt may be a decimal number with a fractional portion
- following the decimal point. This option is only effec-
- tive if r\bre\bea\bad\bd is reading input from a terminal, pipe, or
- other special file; it has no effect when reading from
- regular files. If _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt is 0, r\bre\bea\bad\bd returns success if
- input is available on the specified file descriptor,
- failure otherwise. The exit status is greater than 128
+ Cause r\bre\bea\bad\bd to time out and return failure if a complete
+ line of input is not read within _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt seconds. _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\b-
+ _\bo_\bu_\bt may be a decimal number with a fractional portion
+ following the decimal point. This option is only effec-
+ tive if r\bre\bea\bad\bd is reading input from a terminal, pipe, or
+ other special file; it has no effect when reading from
+ regular files. If _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt is 0, r\bre\bea\bad\bd returns success if
+ input is available on the specified file descriptor,
+ failure otherwise. The exit status is greater than 128
if the timeout is exceeded.
-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd Read input from file descriptor _\bf_\bd.
If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are supplied, the line read is assigned to the vari-
- able R\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY. The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is
- encountered, r\bre\bea\bad\bd times out (in which case the return code is
- greater than 128), or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as
+ able R\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY. The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is
+ encountered, r\bre\bea\bad\bd times out (in which case the return code is
+ greater than 128), or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as
the argument to -\b-u\bu.
r\bre\bea\bad\bdo\bon\bnl\bly\by [-\b-a\baA\bAp\bpf\bf] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd] ...]
- The given _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are marked readonly; the values of these _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs
- may not be changed by subsequent assignment. If the -\b-f\bf option
- is supplied, the functions corresponding to the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are so
- marked. The -\b-a\ba option restricts the variables to indexed
- arrays; the -\b-A\bA option restricts the variables to associative
- arrays. If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given, or if the -\b-p\bp option is
- supplied, a list of all readonly names is printed. The -\b-p\bp
- option causes output to be displayed in a format that may be
- reused as input. If a variable name is followed by =_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, the
- value of the variable is set to _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd. The return status is 0
+ The given _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are marked readonly; the values of these _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs
+ may not be changed by subsequent assignment. If the -\b-f\bf option
+ is supplied, the functions corresponding to the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are so
+ marked. The -\b-a\ba option restricts the variables to indexed
+ arrays; the -\b-A\bA option restricts the variables to associative
+ arrays. If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given, or if the -\b-p\bp option is
+ supplied, a list of all readonly names is printed. The -\b-p\bp
+ option causes output to be displayed in a format that may be
+ reused as input. If a variable name is followed by =_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, the
+ value of the variable is set to _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd. The return status is 0
unless an invalid option is encountered, one of the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs is not
- a valid shell variable name, or -\b-f\bf is supplied with a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be that
+ a valid shell variable name, or -\b-f\bf is supplied with a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be that
is not a function.
r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn [_\bn]
- Causes a function to exit with the return value specified by _\bn.
- If _\bn is omitted, the return status is that of the last command
- executed in the function body. If used outside a function, but
- during execution of a script by the .\b. (s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be) command, it
+ Causes a function to exit with the return value specified by _\bn.
+ If _\bn is omitted, the return status is that of the last command
+ executed in the function body. If used outside a function, but
+ during execution of a script by the .\b. (s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be) command, it
causes the shell to stop executing that script and return either
- _\bn or the exit status of the last command executed within the
- script as the exit status of the script. If used outside a
- function and not during execution of a script by .\b., the return
+ _\bn or the exit status of the last command executed within the
+ script as the exit status of the script. If used outside a
+ function and not during execution of a script by .\b., the return
status is false. Any command associated with the R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN trap is
- executed before execution resumes after the function or script.
+ executed before execution resumes after the function or script.
s\bse\bet\bt [-\b--\b-a\bab\bbe\bef\bfh\bhk\bkm\bmn\bnp\bpt\btu\buv\bvx\bxB\bBC\bCE\bEH\bHP\bPT\bT] [-\b-o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
s\bse\bet\bt [+\b+a\bab\bbe\bef\bfh\bhk\bkm\bmn\bnp\bpt\btu\buv\bvx\bxB\bBC\bCE\bEH\bHP\bPT\bT] [+\b+o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
- Without options, the name and value of each shell variable are
+ Without options, the name and value of each shell variable are
displayed in a format that can be reused as input for setting or
resetting the currently-set variables. Read-only variables can-
- not be reset. In _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be, only shell variables are listed.
- The output is sorted according to the current locale. When
- options are specified, they set or unset shell attributes. Any
- arguments remaining after option processing are treated as val-
+ not be reset. In _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be, only shell variables are listed.
+ The output is sorted according to the current locale. When
+ options are specified, they set or unset shell attributes. Any
+ arguments remaining after option processing are treated as val-
ues for the positional parameters and are assigned, in order, to
- $\b$1\b1, $\b$2\b2, .\b..\b..\b. $\b$_\bn. Options, if specified, have the following
+ $\b$1\b1, $\b$2\b2, .\b..\b..\b. $\b$_\bn. Options, if specified, have the following
meanings:
- -\b-a\ba Automatically mark variables and functions which are
- modified or created for export to the environment of
+ -\b-a\ba Automatically mark variables and functions which are
+ modified or created for export to the environment of
subsequent commands.
- -\b-b\bb Report the status of terminated background jobs immedi-
+ -\b-b\bb Report the status of terminated background jobs immedi-
ately, rather than before the next primary prompt. This
is effective only when job control is enabled.
- -\b-e\be Exit immediately if a _\bp_\bi_\bp_\be_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be (which may consist of a
- single _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd), a _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl command enclosed in
- parentheses, or one of the commands executed as part of
- a command list enclosed by braces (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR
+ -\b-e\be Exit immediately if a _\bp_\bi_\bp_\be_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be (which may consist of a
+ single _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd), a _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl command enclosed in
+ parentheses, or one of the commands executed as part of
+ a command list enclosed by braces (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR
above) exits with a non-zero status. The shell does not
- exit if the command that fails is part of the command
- list immediately following a w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be or u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl keyword,
- part of the test following the i\bif\bf or e\bel\bli\bif\bf reserved
- words, part of any command executed in a &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b| list
- except the command following the final &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b|, any
- command in a pipeline but the last, or if the command's
- return value is being inverted with !\b!. A trap on E\bER\bRR\bR,
+ exit if the command that fails is part of the command
+ list immediately following a w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be or u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl keyword,
+ part of the test following the i\bif\bf or e\bel\bli\bif\bf reserved
+ words, part of any command executed in a &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b| list
+ except the command following the final &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b|, any
+ command in a pipeline but the last, or if the command's
+ return value is being inverted with !\b!. A trap on E\bER\bRR\bR,
if set, is executed before the shell exits. This option
applies to the shell environment and each subshell envi-
- ronment separately (see C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD E\bEX\bXE\bEC\bCU\bUT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN E\bEN\bNV\bVI\bIR\bRO\bON\bNM\bME\bEN\bNT\bT
+ ronment separately (see C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD E\bEX\bXE\bEC\bCU\bUT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN E\bEN\bNV\bVI\bIR\bRO\bON\bNM\bME\bEN\bNT\bT
above), and may cause subshells to exit before executing
all the commands in the subshell.
-\b-f\bf Disable pathname expansion.
- -\b-h\bh Remember the location of commands as they are looked up
+ -\b-h\bh Remember the location of commands as they are looked up
for execution. This is enabled by default.
- -\b-k\bk All arguments in the form of assignment statements are
- placed in the environment for a command, not just those
+ -\b-k\bk All arguments in the form of assignment statements are
+ placed in the environment for a command, not just those
that precede the command name.
- -\b-m\bm Monitor mode. Job control is enabled. This option is
- on by default for interactive shells on systems that
- support it (see J\bJO\bOB\bB C\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL above). Background pro-
- cesses run in a separate process group and a line con-
- taining their exit status is printed upon their comple-
+ -\b-m\bm Monitor mode. Job control is enabled. This option is
+ on by default for interactive shells on systems that
+ support it (see J\bJO\bOB\bB C\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL above). Background pro-
+ cesses run in a separate process group and a line con-
+ taining their exit status is printed upon their comple-
tion.
-\b-n\bn Read commands but do not execute them. This may be used
- to check a shell script for syntax errors. This is
+ to check a shell script for syntax errors. This is
ignored by interactive shells.
-\b-o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
The _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be can be one of the following:
Same as -\b-a\ba.
b\bbr\bra\bac\bce\bee\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd
Same as -\b-B\bB.
- e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs Use an emacs-style command line editing inter-
+ e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs Use an emacs-style command line editing inter-
face. This is enabled by default when the shell
is interactive, unless the shell is started with
- the -\b--\b-n\bno\boe\bed\bdi\bit\bti\bin\bng\bg option. This also affects the
+ the -\b--\b-n\bno\boe\bed\bdi\bit\bti\bin\bng\bg option. This also affects the
editing interface used for r\bre\bea\bad\bd -\b-e\be.
e\ber\brr\brt\btr\bra\bac\bce\be
Same as -\b-E\bE.
H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY. This option is on by default in inter-
active shells.
i\big\bgn\bno\bor\bre\bee\beo\bof\bf
- The effect is as if the shell command
- ``IGNOREEOF=10'' had been executed (see S\bSh\bhe\bel\bll\bl
+ The effect is as if the shell command
+ ``IGNOREEOF=10'' had been executed (see S\bSh\bhe\bel\bll\bl
V\bVa\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\bes\bs above).
k\bke\bey\byw\bwo\bor\brd\bd Same as -\b-k\bk.
m\bmo\bon\bni\bit\bto\bor\br Same as -\b-m\bm.
p\bph\bhy\bys\bsi\bic\bca\bal\bl
Same as -\b-P\bP.
p\bpi\bip\bpe\bef\bfa\bai\bil\bl
- If set, the return value of a pipeline is the
- value of the last (rightmost) command to exit
- with a non-zero status, or zero if all commands
- in the pipeline exit successfully. This option
+ If set, the return value of a pipeline is the
+ value of the last (rightmost) command to exit
+ with a non-zero status, or zero if all commands
+ in the pipeline exit successfully. This option
is disabled by default.
- p\bpo\bos\bsi\bix\bx Change the behavior of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh where the default
- operation differs from the POSIX standard to
+ p\bpo\bos\bsi\bix\bx Change the behavior of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh where the default
+ operation differs from the POSIX standard to
match the standard (_\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be).
p\bpr\bri\biv\bvi\bil\ble\beg\bge\bed\bd
Same as -\b-p\bp.
v\bve\ber\brb\bbo\bos\bse\be Same as -\b-v\bv.
- v\bvi\bi Use a vi-style command line editing interface.
+ v\bvi\bi Use a vi-style command line editing interface.
This also affects the editing interface used for
r\bre\bea\bad\bd -\b-e\be.
x\bxt\btr\bra\bac\bce\be Same as -\b-x\bx.
If -\b-o\bo is supplied with no _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, the values of the
- current options are printed. If +\b+o\bo is supplied with no
- _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, a series of s\bse\bet\bt commands to recreate the
- current option settings is displayed on the standard
+ current options are printed. If +\b+o\bo is supplied with no
+ _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, a series of s\bse\bet\bt commands to recreate the
+ current option settings is displayed on the standard
output.
- -\b-p\bp Turn on _\bp_\br_\bi_\bv_\bi_\bl_\be_\bg_\be_\bd mode. In this mode, the $\b$E\bEN\bNV\bV and
- $\b$B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_E\bEN\bNV\bV files are not processed, shell functions are
- not inherited from the environment, and the S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bLO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS,
- C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH, and G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE variables, if they appear in the
- environment, are ignored. If the shell is started with
+ -\b-p\bp Turn on _\bp_\br_\bi_\bv_\bi_\bl_\be_\bg_\be_\bd mode. In this mode, the $\b$E\bEN\bNV\bV and
+ $\b$B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_E\bEN\bNV\bV files are not processed, shell functions are
+ not inherited from the environment, and the S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bLO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS,
+ C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH, and G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE variables, if they appear in the
+ environment, are ignored. If the shell is started with
the effective user (group) id not equal to the real user
- (group) id, and the -\b-p\bp option is not supplied, these
- actions are taken and the effective user id is set to
- the real user id. If the -\b-p\bp option is supplied at
- startup, the effective user id is not reset. Turning
- this option off causes the effective user and group ids
+ (group) id, and the -\b-p\bp option is not supplied, these
+ actions are taken and the effective user id is set to
+ the real user id. If the -\b-p\bp option is supplied at
+ startup, the effective user id is not reset. Turning
+ this option off causes the effective user and group ids
to be set to the real user and group ids.
-\b-t\bt Exit after reading and executing one command.
-\b-u\bu Treat unset variables and parameters other than the spe-
- cial parameters "@" and "*" as an error when performing
- parameter expansion. If expansion is attempted on an
- unset variable or parameter, the shell prints an error
- message, and, if not interactive, exits with a non-zero
+ cial parameters "@" and "*" as an error when performing
+ parameter expansion. If expansion is attempted on an
+ unset variable or parameter, the shell prints an error
+ message, and, if not interactive, exits with a non-zero
status.
-\b-v\bv Print shell input lines as they are read.
- -\b-x\bx After expanding each _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd, f\bfo\bor\br command, c\bca\bas\bse\be
+ -\b-x\bx After expanding each _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd, f\bfo\bor\br command, c\bca\bas\bse\be
command, s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt command, or arithmetic f\bfo\bor\br command, dis-
- play the expanded value of P\bPS\bS4\b4, followed by the command
+ play the expanded value of P\bPS\bS4\b4, followed by the command
and its expanded arguments or associated word list.
- -\b-B\bB The shell performs brace expansion (see B\bBr\bra\bac\bce\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn
+ -\b-B\bB The shell performs brace expansion (see B\bBr\bra\bac\bce\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn
above). This is on by default.
- -\b-C\bC If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh does not overwrite an existing file with
- the >\b>, >\b>&\b&, and <\b<>\b> redirection operators. This may be
+ -\b-C\bC If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh does not overwrite an existing file with
+ the >\b>, >\b>&\b&, and <\b<>\b> redirection operators. This may be
overridden when creating output files by using the redi-
rection operator >\b>|\b| instead of >\b>.
-\b-E\bE If set, any trap on E\bER\bRR\bR is inherited by shell functions,
- command substitutions, and commands executed in a sub-
- shell environment. The E\bER\bRR\bR trap is normally not inher-
+ command substitutions, and commands executed in a sub-
+ shell environment. The E\bER\bRR\bR trap is normally not inher-
ited in such cases.
-\b-H\bH Enable !\b! style history substitution. This option is on
by default when the shell is interactive.
- -\b-P\bP If set, the shell does not follow symbolic links when
- executing commands such as c\bcd\bd that change the current
+ -\b-P\bP If set, the shell does not follow symbolic links when
+ executing commands such as c\bcd\bd that change the current
working directory. It uses the physical directory
structure instead. By default, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh follows the logical
- chain of directories when performing commands which
+ chain of directories when performing commands which
change the current directory.
- -\b-T\bT If set, any traps on D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN are inherited by
- shell functions, command substitutions, and commands
- executed in a subshell environment. The D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and
+ -\b-T\bT If set, any traps on D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN are inherited by
+ shell functions, command substitutions, and commands
+ executed in a subshell environment. The D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and
R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN traps are normally not inherited in such cases.
- -\b--\b- If no arguments follow this option, then the positional
+ -\b--\b- If no arguments follow this option, then the positional
parameters are unset. Otherwise, the positional parame-
- ters are set to the _\ba_\br_\bgs, even if some of them begin
+ ters are set to the _\ba_\br_\bgs, even if some of them begin
with a -\b-.
- -\b- Signal the end of options, cause all remaining _\ba_\br_\bgs to
+ -\b- Signal the end of options, cause all remaining _\ba_\br_\bgs to
be assigned to the positional parameters. The -\b-x\bx and -\b-v\bv
options are turned off. If there are no _\ba_\br_\bgs, the posi-
tional parameters remain unchanged.
- The options are off by default unless otherwise noted. Using +
- rather than - causes these options to be turned off. The
- options can also be specified as arguments to an invocation of
- the shell. The current set of options may be found in $\b$-\b-. The
+ The options are off by default unless otherwise noted. Using +
+ rather than - causes these options to be turned off. The
+ options can also be specified as arguments to an invocation of
+ the shell. The current set of options may be found in $\b$-\b-. The
return status is always true unless an invalid option is encoun-
tered.
s\bsh\bhi\bif\bft\bt [_\bn]
- The positional parameters from _\bn+1 ... are renamed to $\b$1\b1 .\b..\b..\b..\b.
- Parameters represented by the numbers $\b$#\b# down to $\b$#\b#-_\bn+1 are
- unset. _\bn must be a non-negative number less than or equal to
- $\b$#\b#. If _\bn is 0, no parameters are changed. If _\bn is not given,
- it is assumed to be 1. If _\bn is greater than $\b$#\b#, the positional
- parameters are not changed. The return status is greater than
+ The positional parameters from _\bn+1 ... are renamed to $\b$1\b1 .\b..\b..\b..\b.
+ Parameters represented by the numbers $\b$#\b# down to $\b$#\b#-_\bn+1 are
+ unset. _\bn must be a non-negative number less than or equal to
+ $\b$#\b#. If _\bn is 0, no parameters are changed. If _\bn is not given,
+ it is assumed to be 1. If _\bn is greater than $\b$#\b#, the positional
+ parameters are not changed. The return status is greater than
zero if _\bn is greater than $\b$#\b# or less than zero; otherwise 0.
s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt [-\b-p\bpq\bqs\bsu\bu] [-\b-o\bo] [_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
Toggle the values of variables controlling optional shell behav-
ior. With no options, or with the -\b-p\bp option, a list of all set-
table options is displayed, with an indication of whether or not
- each is set. The -\b-p\bp option causes output to be displayed in a
- form that may be reused as input. Other options have the fol-
+ each is set. The -\b-p\bp option causes output to be displayed in a
+ form that may be reused as input. Other options have the fol-
lowing meanings:
-\b-s\bs Enable (set) each _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.
-\b-u\bu Disable (unset) each _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.
- -\b-q\bq Suppresses normal output (quiet mode); the return status
+ -\b-q\bq Suppresses normal output (quiet mode); the return status
indicates whether the _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is set or unset. If multi-
- ple _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given with -\b-q\bq, the return sta-
- tus is zero if all _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are enabled; non-zero other-
+ ple _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given with -\b-q\bq, the return sta-
+ tus is zero if all _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are enabled; non-zero other-
wise.
- -\b-o\bo Restricts the values of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be to be those defined for
+ -\b-o\bo Restricts the values of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be to be those defined for
the -\b-o\bo option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin.
- If either -\b-s\bs or -\b-u\bu is used with no _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments, the dis-
+ If either -\b-s\bs or -\b-u\bu is used with no _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments, the dis-
play is limited to those options which are set or unset, respec-
- tively. Unless otherwise noted, the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt options are disabled
+ tively. Unless otherwise noted, the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt options are disabled
(unset) by default.
- The return status when listing options is zero if all _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs
- are enabled, non-zero otherwise. When setting or unsetting
- options, the return status is zero unless an _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a
+ The return status when listing options is zero if all _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs
+ are enabled, non-zero otherwise. When setting or unsetting
+ options, the return status is zero unless an _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a
valid shell option.
The list of s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt options is:
- a\bau\but\bto\boc\bcd\bd If set, a command name that is the name of a directory
- is executed as if it were the argument to the c\bcd\bd com-
+ a\bau\but\bto\boc\bcd\bd If set, a command name that is the name of a directory
+ is executed as if it were the argument to the c\bcd\bd com-
mand. This option is only used by interactive shells.
c\bcd\bda\bab\bbl\ble\be_\b_v\bva\bar\brs\bs
- If set, an argument to the c\bcd\bd builtin command that is
- not a directory is assumed to be the name of a variable
+ If set, an argument to the c\bcd\bd builtin command that is
+ not a directory is assumed to be the name of a variable
whose value is the directory to change to.
c\bcd\bds\bsp\bpe\bel\bll\bl If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory com-
- ponent in a c\bcd\bd command will be corrected. The errors
+ ponent in a c\bcd\bd command will be corrected. The errors
checked for are transposed characters, a missing charac-
- ter, and one character too many. If a correction is
- found, the corrected file name is printed, and the com-
- mand proceeds. This option is only used by interactive
+ ter, and one character too many. If a correction is
+ found, the corrected file name is printed, and the com-
+ mand proceeds. This option is only used by interactive
shells.
c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bkh\bha\bas\bsh\bh
If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh checks that a command found in the hash ta-
- ble exists before trying to execute it. If a hashed
- command no longer exists, a normal path search is per-
+ ble exists before trying to execute it. If a hashed
+ command no longer exists, a normal path search is per-
formed.
c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bkj\bjo\bob\bbs\bs
If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh lists the status of any stopped and running
- jobs before exiting an interactive shell. If any jobs
+ jobs before exiting an interactive shell. If any jobs
are running, this causes the exit to be deferred until a
- second exit is attempted without an intervening command
- (see J\bJO\bOB\bB C\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL above). The shell always postpones
+ second exit is attempted without an intervening command
+ (see J\bJO\bOB\bB C\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL above). The shell always postpones
exiting if any jobs are stopped.
c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bkw\bwi\bin\bns\bsi\biz\bze\be
- If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh checks the window size after each command
- and, if necessary, updates the values of L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bES\bS and C\bCO\bOL\bL-\b-
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh checks the window size after each command
+ and, if necessary, updates the values of L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bES\bS and C\bCO\bOL\bL-\b-
U\bUM\bMN\bNS\bS.
- c\bcm\bmd\bdh\bhi\bis\bst\bt If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts to save all lines of a multiple-
- line command in the same history entry. This allows
+ c\bcm\bmd\bdh\bhi\bis\bst\bt If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts to save all lines of a multiple-
+ line command in the same history entry. This allows
easy re-editing of multi-line commands.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt3\b31\b1
If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh changes its behavior to that of version 3.1
with respect to quoted arguments to the conditional com-
mand's =~ operator.
d\bdi\bir\brs\bsp\bpe\bel\bll\bl
- If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts spelling correction on directory
- names during word completion if the directory name ini-
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts spelling correction on directory
+ names during word completion if the directory name ini-
tially supplied does not exist.
- d\bdo\bot\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh includes filenames beginning with a `.' in
+ d\bdo\bot\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh includes filenames beginning with a `.' in
the results of pathname expansion.
e\bex\bxe\bec\bcf\bfa\bai\bil\bl
If set, a non-interactive shell will not exit if it can-
- not execute the file specified as an argument to the
- e\bex\bxe\bec\bc builtin command. An interactive shell does not
+ not execute the file specified as an argument to the
+ e\bex\bxe\bec\bc builtin command. An interactive shell does not
exit if e\bex\bxe\bec\bc fails.
e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd_\b_a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bse\bes\bs
- If set, aliases are expanded as described above under
+ If set, aliases are expanded as described above under
A\bAL\bLI\bIA\bAS\bSE\bES\bS. This option is enabled by default for interac-
tive shells.
e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg
- If set, behavior intended for use by debuggers is
+ If set, behavior intended for use by debuggers is
enabled:
1\b1.\b. The -\b-F\bF option to the d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be builtin displays the
source file name and line number corresponding to
each function name supplied as an argument.
- 2\b2.\b. If the command run by the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap returns a
- non-zero value, the next command is skipped and
+ 2\b2.\b. If the command run by the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap returns a
+ non-zero value, the next command is skipped and
not executed.
- 3\b3.\b. If the command run by the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap returns a
- value of 2, and the shell is executing in a sub-
- routine (a shell function or a shell script exe-
- cuted by the .\b. or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be builtins), a call to
+ 3\b3.\b. If the command run by the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap returns a
+ value of 2, and the shell is executing in a sub-
+ routine (a shell function or a shell script exe-
+ cuted by the .\b. or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be builtins), a call to
r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn is simulated.
- 4\b4.\b. B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGC\bC and B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGV\bV are updated as described
+ 4\b4.\b. B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGC\bC and B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGV\bV are updated as described
in their descriptions above.
- 5\b5.\b. Function tracing is enabled: command substitu-
+ 5\b5.\b. Function tracing is enabled: command substitu-
tion, shell functions, and subshells invoked with
(\b( _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd )\b) inherit the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN traps.
- 6\b6.\b. Error tracing is enabled: command substitution,
- shell functions, and subshells invoked with (\b(
+ 6\b6.\b. Error tracing is enabled: command substitution,
+ shell functions, and subshells invoked with (\b(
_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd )\b) inherit the E\bER\bRR\bRO\bOR\bR trap.
e\bex\bxt\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb If set, the extended pattern matching features described
above under P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn are enabled.
e\bex\bxt\btq\bqu\buo\bot\bte\be
- If set, $\b$'_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg' and $\b$"_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg" quoting is performed
- within $\b${\b{_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br}\b} expansions enclosed in double
+ If set, $\b$'_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg' and $\b$"_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg" quoting is performed
+ within $\b${\b{_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br}\b} expansions enclosed in double
quotes. This option is enabled by default.
f\bfa\bai\bil\blg\bgl\blo\bob\bb
- If set, patterns which fail to match filenames during
+ If set, patterns which fail to match filenames during
pathname expansion result in an expansion error.
f\bfo\bor\brc\bce\be_\b_f\bfi\big\bgn\bno\bor\bre\be
- If set, the suffixes specified by the F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE shell
- variable cause words to be ignored when performing word
+ If set, the suffixes specified by the F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE shell
+ variable cause words to be ignored when performing word
completion even if the ignored words are the only possi-
ble completions. See S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL V\bVA\bAR\bRI\bIA\bAB\bBL\bLE\bES\bS above for a
- description of F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE. This option is enabled by
+ description of F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE. This option is enabled by
default.
g\bgl\blo\bob\bbs\bst\bta\bar\br
If set, the pattern *\b**\b* used in a pathname expansion con-
If set, shell error messages are written in the standard
GNU error message format.
h\bhi\bis\bst\bta\bap\bpp\bpe\ben\bnd\bd
- If set, the history list is appended to the file named
- by the value of the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE variable when the shell
+ If set, the history list is appended to the file named
+ by the value of the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE variable when the shell
exits, rather than overwriting the file.
h\bhi\bis\bst\btr\bre\bee\bed\bdi\bit\bt
- If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, a user is given the
+ If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, a user is given the
opportunity to re-edit a failed history substitution.
h\bhi\bis\bst\btv\bve\ber\bri\bif\bfy\by
- If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, the results of his-
- tory substitution are not immediately passed to the
- shell parser. Instead, the resulting line is loaded
+ If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, the results of his-
+ tory substitution are not immediately passed to the
+ shell parser. Instead, the resulting line is loaded
into the r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be editing buffer, allowing further modi-
fication.
h\bho\bos\bst\btc\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be
If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh will attempt to
- perform hostname completion when a word containing a @\b@
- is being completed (see C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bin\bng\bg under R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE
+ perform hostname completion when a word containing a @\b@
+ is being completed (see C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bin\bng\bg under R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE
above). This is enabled by default.
h\bhu\bup\bpo\bon\bne\bex\bxi\bit\bt
If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh will send S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP to all jobs when an inter-
active login shell exits.
i\bin\bnt\bte\ber\bra\bac\bct\bti\biv\bve\be_\b_c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bts\bs
If set, allow a word beginning with #\b# to cause that word
- and all remaining characters on that line to be ignored
- in an interactive shell (see C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bME\bEN\bNT\bTS\bS above). This
+ and all remaining characters on that line to be ignored
+ in an interactive shell (see C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bME\bEN\bNT\bTS\bS above). This
option is enabled by default.
- l\bli\bit\bth\bhi\bis\bst\bt If set, and the c\bcm\bmd\bdh\bhi\bis\bst\bt option is enabled, multi-line
+ l\bli\bit\bth\bhi\bis\bst\bt If set, and the c\bcm\bmd\bdh\bhi\bis\bst\bt option is enabled, multi-line
commands are saved to the history with embedded newlines
rather than using semicolon separators where possible.
l\blo\bog\bgi\bin\bn_\b_s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl
- The shell sets this option if it is started as a login
- shell (see I\bIN\bNV\bVO\bOC\bCA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN above). The value may not be
+ The shell sets this option if it is started as a login
+ shell (see I\bIN\bNV\bVO\bOC\bCA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN above). The value may not be
changed.
m\bma\bai\bil\blw\bwa\bar\brn\bn
- If set, and a file that b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is checking for mail has
- been accessed since the last time it was checked, the
- message ``The mail in _\bm_\ba_\bi_\bl_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be has been read'' is dis-
+ If set, and a file that b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is checking for mail has
+ been accessed since the last time it was checked, the
+ message ``The mail in _\bm_\ba_\bi_\bl_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be has been read'' is dis-
played.
n\bno\bo_\b_e\bem\bmp\bpt\bty\by_\b_c\bcm\bmd\bd_\b_c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn
- If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh will not
+ If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh will not
attempt to search the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH for possible completions when
completion is attempted on an empty line.
n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\beg\bgl\blo\bob\bb
- If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh matches filenames in a case-insensitive
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh matches filenames in a case-insensitive
fashion when performing pathname expansion (see P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be
E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn above).
n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\bem\bma\bat\btc\bch\bh
- If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh matches patterns in a case-insensitive
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh matches patterns in a case-insensitive
fashion when performing matching while executing c\bca\bas\bse\be or
[\b[[\b[ conditional commands.
n\bnu\bul\bll\blg\bgl\blo\bob\bb
- If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh allows patterns which match no files (see
- P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn above) to expand to a null string,
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh allows patterns which match no files (see
+ P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn above) to expand to a null string,
rather than themselves.
p\bpr\bro\bog\bgc\bco\bom\bmp\bp
If set, the programmable completion facilities (see P\bPr\bro\bo-\b-
enabled by default.
p\bpr\bro\bom\bmp\bpt\btv\bva\bar\brs\bs
If set, prompt strings undergo parameter expansion, com-
- mand substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote
- removal after being expanded as described in P\bPR\bRO\bOM\bMP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bNG\bG
+ mand substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote
+ removal after being expanded as described in P\bPR\bRO\bOM\bMP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bNG\bG
above. This option is enabled by default.
r\bre\bes\bst\btr\bri\bic\bct\bte\bed\bd_\b_s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl
- The shell sets this option if it is started in
+ The shell sets this option if it is started in
restricted mode (see R\bRE\bES\bST\bTR\bRI\bIC\bCT\bTE\bED\bD S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL below). The value
- may not be changed. This is not reset when the startup
- files are executed, allowing the startup files to dis-
+ may not be changed. This is not reset when the startup
+ files are executed, allowing the startup files to dis-
cover whether or not a shell is restricted.
s\bsh\bhi\bif\bft\bt_\b_v\bve\ber\brb\bbo\bos\bse\be
- If set, the s\bsh\bhi\bif\bft\bt builtin prints an error message when
+ If set, the s\bsh\bhi\bif\bft\bt builtin prints an error message when
the shift count exceeds the number of positional parame-
ters.
s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\bep\bpa\bat\bth\bh
If set, the s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be (.\b.) builtin uses the value of P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH to
- find the directory containing the file supplied as an
+ find the directory containing the file supplied as an
argument. This option is enabled by default.
x\bxp\bpg\bg_\b_e\bec\bch\bho\bo
- If set, the e\bec\bch\bho\bo builtin expands backslash-escape
+ If set, the e\bec\bch\bho\bo builtin expands backslash-escape
sequences by default.
s\bsu\bus\bsp\bpe\ben\bnd\bd [-\b-f\bf]
- Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a S\bSI\bIG\bGC\bCO\bON\bNT\bT
+ Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a S\bSI\bIG\bGC\bCO\bON\bNT\bT
signal. A login shell cannot be suspended; the -\b-f\bf option can be
used to override this and force the suspension. The return sta-
- tus is 0 unless the shell is a login shell and -\b-f\bf is not sup-
+ tus is 0 unless the shell is a login shell and -\b-f\bf is not sup-
plied, or if job control is not enabled.
t\bte\bes\bst\bt _\be_\bx_\bp_\br
[\b[ _\be_\bx_\bp_\br ]\b]
- Return a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the
- conditional expression _\be_\bx_\bp_\br. Each operator and operand must be
- a separate argument. Expressions are composed of the primaries
- described above under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS. t\bte\bes\bst\bt does not
+ Return a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the
+ conditional expression _\be_\bx_\bp_\br. Each operator and operand must be
+ a separate argument. Expressions are composed of the primaries
+ described above under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS. t\bte\bes\bst\bt does not
accept any options, nor does it accept and ignore an argument of
-\b--\b- as signifying the end of options.
- Expressions may be combined using the following operators,
+ Expressions may be combined using the following operators,
listed in decreasing order of precedence. The evaluation
depends on the number of arguments; see below.
!\b! _\be_\bx_\bp_\br True if _\be_\bx_\bp_\br is false.
(\b( _\be_\bx_\bp_\br )\b)
- Returns the value of _\be_\bx_\bp_\br. This may be used to override
+ Returns the value of _\be_\bx_\bp_\br. This may be used to override
the normal precedence of operators.
_\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b1 -a\ba _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b2
True if both _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b1 and _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b2 are true.
null.
2 arguments
If the first argument is !\b!, the expression is true if and
- only if the second argument is null. If the first argu-
- ment is one of the unary conditional operators listed
- above under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS, the expression is
+ only if the second argument is null. If the first argu-
+ ment is one of the unary conditional operators listed
+ above under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS, the expression is
true if the unary test is true. If the first argument is
not a valid unary conditional operator, the expression is
false.
3 arguments
- If the second argument is one of the binary conditional
+ If the second argument is one of the binary conditional
operators listed above under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS, the
result of the expression is the result of the binary test
- using the first and third arguments as operands. The -\b-a\ba
- and -\b-o\bo operators are considered binary operators when
- there are three arguments. If the first argument is !\b!,
- the value is the negation of the two-argument test using
+ using the first and third arguments as operands. The -\b-a\ba
+ and -\b-o\bo operators are considered binary operators when
+ there are three arguments. If the first argument is !\b!,
+ the value is the negation of the two-argument test using
the second and third arguments. If the first argument is
exactly (\b( and the third argument is exactly )\b), the result
- is the one-argument test of the second argument. Other-
+ is the one-argument test of the second argument. Other-
wise, the expression is false.
4 arguments
If the first argument is !\b!, the result is the negation of
- the three-argument expression composed of the remaining
+ the three-argument expression composed of the remaining
arguments. Otherwise, the expression is parsed and eval-
- uated according to precedence using the rules listed
+ uated according to precedence using the rules listed
above.
5 or more arguments
- The expression is parsed and evaluated according to
+ The expression is parsed and evaluated according to
precedence using the rules listed above.
- t\bti\bim\bme\bes\bs Print the accumulated user and system times for the shell and
+ t\bti\bim\bme\bes\bs Print the accumulated user and system times for the shell and
for processes run from the shell. The return status is 0.
t\btr\bra\bap\bp [-\b-l\blp\bp] [[_\ba_\br_\bg] _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc ...]
- The command _\ba_\br_\bg is to be read and executed when the shell
- receives signal(s) _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc. If _\ba_\br_\bg is absent (and there is a
- single _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc) or -\b-, each specified signal is reset to its
- original disposition (the value it had upon entrance to the
- shell). If _\ba_\br_\bg is the null string the signal specified by each
- _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is ignored by the shell and by the commands it invokes.
- If _\ba_\br_\bg is not present and -\b-p\bp has been supplied, then the trap
- commands associated with each _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc are displayed. If no
- arguments are supplied or if only -\b-p\bp is given, t\btr\bra\bap\bp prints the
- list of commands associated with each signal. The -\b-l\bl option
- causes the shell to print a list of signal names and their cor-
- responding numbers. Each _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is either a signal name
- defined in <_\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\ba_\bl_\b._\bh>, or a signal number. Signal names are
+ The command _\ba_\br_\bg is to be read and executed when the shell
+ receives signal(s) _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc. If _\ba_\br_\bg is absent (and there is a
+ single _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc) or -\b-, each specified signal is reset to its
+ original disposition (the value it had upon entrance to the
+ shell). If _\ba_\br_\bg is the null string the signal specified by each
+ _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is ignored by the shell and by the commands it invokes.
+ If _\ba_\br_\bg is not present and -\b-p\bp has been supplied, then the trap
+ commands associated with each _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc are displayed. If no
+ arguments are supplied or if only -\b-p\bp is given, t\btr\bra\bap\bp prints the
+ list of commands associated with each signal. The -\b-l\bl option
+ causes the shell to print a list of signal names and their cor-
+ responding numbers. Each _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is either a signal name
+ defined in <_\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\ba_\bl_\b._\bh>, or a signal number. Signal names are
case insensitive and the SIG prefix is optional.
- If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is E\bEX\bXI\bIT\bT (0) the command _\ba_\br_\bg is executed on exit
- from the shell. If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG, the command _\ba_\br_\bg is exe-
- cuted before every _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd, _\bf_\bo_\br command, _\bc_\ba_\bs_\be command,
- _\bs_\be_\bl_\be_\bc_\bt command, every arithmetic _\bf_\bo_\br command, and before the
- first command executes in a shell function (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR
- above). Refer to the description of the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg option to the
+ If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is E\bEX\bXI\bIT\bT (0) the command _\ba_\br_\bg is executed on exit
+ from the shell. If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG, the command _\ba_\br_\bg is exe-
+ cuted before every _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd, _\bf_\bo_\br command, _\bc_\ba_\bs_\be command,
+ _\bs_\be_\bl_\be_\bc_\bt command, every arithmetic _\bf_\bo_\br command, and before the
+ first command executes in a shell function (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR
+ above). Refer to the description of the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg option to the
s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin for details of its effect on the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap. If a
_\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN, the command _\ba_\br_\bg is executed each time a shell
function or a script executed with the .\b. or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be builtins fin-
If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is E\bER\bRR\bR, the command _\ba_\br_\bg is executed whenever a sim-
ple command has a non-zero exit status, subject to the following
- conditions. The E\bER\bRR\bR trap is not executed if the failed command
- is part of the command list immediately following a w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be or
- u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl keyword, part of the test in an _\bi_\bf statement, part of a
- command executed in a &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b| list, or if the command's return
- value is being inverted via !\b!. These are the same conditions
+ conditions. The E\bER\bRR\bR trap is not executed if the failed command
+ is part of the command list immediately following a w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be or
+ u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl keyword, part of the test in an _\bi_\bf statement, part of a
+ command executed in a &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b| list, or if the command's return
+ value is being inverted via !\b!. These are the same conditions
obeyed by the e\ber\brr\bre\bex\bxi\bit\bt option.
- Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or
- reset. Trapped signals that are not being ignored are reset to
+ Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or
+ reset. Trapped signals that are not being ignored are reset to
their original values in a subshell or subshell environment when
- one is created. The return status is false if any _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is
+ one is created. The return status is false if any _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is
invalid; otherwise t\btr\bra\bap\bp returns true.
t\bty\byp\bpe\be [-\b-a\baf\bft\btp\bpP\bP] _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- With no options, indicate how each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be would be interpreted if
+ With no options, indicate how each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be would be interpreted if
used as a command name. If the -\b-t\bt option is used, t\bty\byp\bpe\be prints a
- string which is one of _\ba_\bl_\bi_\ba_\bs, _\bk_\be_\by_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn, _\bb_\bu_\bi_\bl_\bt_\bi_\bn, or
- _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be if _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is an alias, shell reserved word, function,
- builtin, or disk file, respectively. If the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not found,
- then nothing is printed, and an exit status of false is
- returned. If the -\b-p\bp option is used, t\bty\byp\bpe\be either returns the
+ string which is one of _\ba_\bl_\bi_\ba_\bs, _\bk_\be_\by_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn, _\bb_\bu_\bi_\bl_\bt_\bi_\bn, or
+ _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be if _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is an alias, shell reserved word, function,
+ builtin, or disk file, respectively. If the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not found,
+ then nothing is printed, and an exit status of false is
+ returned. If the -\b-p\bp option is used, t\bty\byp\bpe\be either returns the
name of the disk file that would be executed if _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be were speci-
fied as a command name, or nothing if ``type -t name'' would not
- return _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be. The -\b-P\bP option forces a P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH search for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be,
+ return _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be. The -\b-P\bP option forces a P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH search for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be,
even if ``type -t name'' would not return _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be. If a command is
- hashed, -\b-p\bp and -\b-P\bP print the hashed value, not necessarily the
+ hashed, -\b-p\bp and -\b-P\bP print the hashed value, not necessarily the
file that appears first in P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH. If the -\b-a\ba option is used, t\bty\byp\bpe\be
- prints all of the places that contain an executable named _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.
- This includes aliases and functions, if and only if the -\b-p\bp
- option is not also used. The table of hashed commands is not
- consulted when using -\b-a\ba. The -\b-f\bf option suppresses shell func-
- tion lookup, as with the c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd builtin. t\bty\byp\bpe\be returns true if
+ prints all of the places that contain an executable named _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.
+ This includes aliases and functions, if and only if the -\b-p\bp
+ option is not also used. The table of hashed commands is not
+ consulted when using -\b-a\ba. The -\b-f\bf option suppresses shell func-
+ tion lookup, as with the c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd builtin. t\bty\byp\bpe\be returns true if
all of the arguments are found, false if any are not found.
u\bul\bli\bim\bmi\bit\bt [-\b-H\bHS\bST\bTa\bab\bbc\bcd\bde\bef\bfi\bil\blm\bmn\bnp\bpq\bqr\brs\bst\btu\buv\bvx\bx [_\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt]]
- Provides control over the resources available to the shell and
- to processes started by it, on systems that allow such control.
+ Provides control over the resources available to the shell and
+ to processes started by it, on systems that allow such control.
The -\b-H\bH and -\b-S\bS options specify that the hard or soft limit is set
- for the given resource. A hard limit cannot be increased by a
- non-root user once it is set; a soft limit may be increased up
- to the value of the hard limit. If neither -\b-H\bH nor -\b-S\bS is speci-
+ for the given resource. A hard limit cannot be increased by a
+ non-root user once it is set; a soft limit may be increased up
+ to the value of the hard limit. If neither -\b-H\bH nor -\b-S\bS is speci-
fied, both the soft and hard limits are set. The value of _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt
can be a number in the unit specified for the resource or one of
the special values h\bha\bar\brd\bd, s\bso\bof\bft\bt, or u\bun\bnl\bli\bim\bmi\bit\bte\bed\bd, which stand for the
- current hard limit, the current soft limit, and no limit,
- respectively. If _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt is omitted, the current value of the
- soft limit of the resource is printed, unless the -\b-H\bH option is
+ current hard limit, the current soft limit, and no limit,
+ respectively. If _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt is omitted, the current value of the
+ soft limit of the resource is printed, unless the -\b-H\bH option is
given. When more than one resource is specified, the limit name
and unit are printed before the value. Other options are inter-
preted as follows:
-\b-c\bc The maximum size of core files created
-\b-d\bd The maximum size of a process's data segment
-\b-e\be The maximum scheduling priority ("nice")
- -\b-f\bf The maximum size of files written by the shell and its
+ -\b-f\bf The maximum size of files written by the shell and its
children
-\b-i\bi The maximum number of pending signals
-\b-l\bl The maximum size that may be locked into memory
- -\b-m\bm The maximum resident set size (many systems do not honor
+ -\b-m\bm The maximum resident set size (many systems do not honor
this limit)
-\b-n\bn The maximum number of open file descriptors (most systems
do not allow this value to be set)
-\b-r\br The maximum real-time scheduling priority
-\b-s\bs The maximum stack size
-\b-t\bt The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds
- -\b-u\bu The maximum number of processes available to a single
+ -\b-u\bu The maximum number of processes available to a single
user
- -\b-v\bv The maximum amount of virtual memory available to the
+ -\b-v\bv The maximum amount of virtual memory available to the
shell
-\b-x\bx The maximum number of file locks
-\b-T\bT The maximum number of threads
If _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt is given, it is the new value of the specified resource
(the -\b-a\ba option is display only). If no option is given, then -\b-f\bf
- is assumed. Values are in 1024-byte increments, except for -\b-t\bt,
- which is in seconds, -\b-p\bp, which is in units of 512-byte blocks,
- and -\b-T\bT, -\b-b\bb, -\b-n\bn, and -\b-u\bu, which are unscaled values. The return
+ is assumed. Values are in 1024-byte increments, except for -\b-t\bt,
+ which is in seconds, -\b-p\bp, which is in units of 512-byte blocks,
+ and -\b-T\bT, -\b-b\bb, -\b-n\bn, and -\b-u\bu, which are unscaled values. The return
status is 0 unless an invalid option or argument is supplied, or
an error occurs while setting a new limit.
u\bum\bma\bas\bsk\bk [-\b-p\bp] [-\b-S\bS] [_\bm_\bo_\bd_\be]
The user file-creation mask is set to _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be. If _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be begins with
- a digit, it is interpreted as an octal number; otherwise it is
- interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that accepted by
- _\bc_\bh_\bm_\bo_\bd(1). If _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be is omitted, the current value of the mask is
- printed. The -\b-S\bS option causes the mask to be printed in sym-
- bolic form; the default output is an octal number. If the -\b-p\bp
+ a digit, it is interpreted as an octal number; otherwise it is
+ interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that accepted by
+ _\bc_\bh_\bm_\bo_\bd(1). If _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be is omitted, the current value of the mask is
+ printed. The -\b-S\bS option causes the mask to be printed in sym-
+ bolic form; the default output is an octal number. If the -\b-p\bp
option is supplied, and _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be is omitted, the output is in a form
that may be reused as input. The return status is 0 if the mode
- was successfully changed or if no _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be argument was supplied,
+ was successfully changed or if no _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be argument was supplied,
and false otherwise.
u\bun\bna\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs [-a\ba] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- Remove each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be from the list of defined aliases. If -\b-a\ba is
- supplied, all alias definitions are removed. The return value
+ Remove each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be from the list of defined aliases. If -\b-a\ba is
+ supplied, all alias definitions are removed. The return value
is true unless a supplied _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a defined alias.
u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt [-f\bfv\bv] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- For each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, remove the corresponding variable or function.
+ For each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, remove the corresponding variable or function.
If no options are supplied, or the -\b-v\bv option is given, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
- refers to a shell variable. Read-only variables may not be
- unset. If -\b-f\bf is specified, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be refers to a shell func-
- tion, and the function definition is removed. Each unset vari-
- able or function is removed from the environment passed to sub-
- sequent commands. If any of R\bRA\bAN\bND\bDO\bOM\bM, S\bSE\bEC\bCO\bON\bND\bDS\bS, L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO, H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCM\bMD\bD,
+ refers to a shell variable. Read-only variables may not be
+ unset. If -\b-f\bf is specified, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be refers to a shell func-
+ tion, and the function definition is removed. Each unset vari-
+ able or function is removed from the environment passed to sub-
+ sequent commands. If any of R\bRA\bAN\bND\bDO\bOM\bM, S\bSE\bEC\bCO\bON\bND\bDS\bS, L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO, H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCM\bMD\bD,
F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE, G\bGR\bRO\bOU\bUP\bPS\bS, or D\bDI\bIR\bRS\bST\bTA\bAC\bCK\bK are unset, they lose their special
- properties, even if they are subsequently reset. The exit sta-
+ properties, even if they are subsequently reset. The exit sta-
tus is true unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is readonly.
w\bwa\bai\bit\bt [_\bn _\b._\b._\b.]
- Wait for each specified process and return its termination sta-
- tus. Each _\bn may be a process ID or a job specification; if a
- job spec is given, all processes in that job's pipeline are
- waited for. If _\bn is not given, all currently active child pro-
- cesses are waited for, and the return status is zero. If _\bn
- specifies a non-existent process or job, the return status is
- 127. Otherwise, the return status is the exit status of the
+ Wait for each specified process and return its termination sta-
+ tus. Each _\bn may be a process ID or a job specification; if a
+ job spec is given, all processes in that job's pipeline are
+ waited for. If _\bn is not given, all currently active child pro-
+ cesses are waited for, and the return status is zero. If _\bn
+ specifies a non-existent process or job, the return status is
+ 127. Otherwise, the return status is the exit status of the
last process or job waited for.
S\bSE\bEE\bE A\bAL\bLS\bSO\bO
%!PS-Adobe-3.0
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-%%CreationDate: Wed Jun 17 08:51:31 2009
+%%CreationDate: Mon Aug 3 10:10:38 2009
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180 Q F0(Alias names.)20.55 E(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad61>2.5
-E F0(.)A F1(arrayv)184 192 Q(ar)-.1 E F0(Array v)224 204 Q
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228 Q F0(Alias names.)20.55 E(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad61>2.5
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252 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad63>2.5
-E F0(.)A F1(dir)184 264 Q(ectory)-.18 E F0(Directory names.)224 276 Q
-(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad64>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(disabled)184 288
-Q F0(Names of disabled shell b)224 300 Q(uiltins.)-.2 E F1(enabled)184
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300 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad63>2.5
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-3
36 Q F0(File names.)27.22 E(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad66>2.5
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84 Q F0(File names.)27.22 E(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad66>2.5
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Q(en from the \214le speci\214ed by the)-.1 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF
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(Job names, if job control is acti)26.11 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 5(.M).15 G
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--.25 G(.).15 E F1(ser)184 480 Q(vice)-.1 E F0(Service names.)10.67 E
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+(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad73>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(setopt)184 540 Q
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-(shopt)184 504 Q F0(Shell option names as accepted by the)16.66 E F1
-(shopt)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(signal)184 516 Q F0
-(Signal names.)14.99 E F1(stopped)184 528 Q F0
+(shopt)184 552 Q F0(Shell option names as accepted by the)16.66 E F1
+(shopt)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(signal)184 564 Q F0
+(Signal names.)14.99 E F1(stopped)184 576 Q F0
(Names of stopped jobs, if job control is acti)6.66 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(.)
-.15 E F1(user)184 540 Q F0(User names.)21.67 E
-(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(va)184 552 S
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(dlist)-.37 E F0 1.14(is split using the characters in the)3.64 F F3
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--.25 F 2.007(each resultant w)184 624 R 2.007(ord is e)-.1 F 4.507
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--.1 E F1<ad43>144 648 Q F2(command)2.5 E(command)184 660 Q F0 1.056
+4.507 F(resultant list which match the w)184 684 Q(ord being completed.)
+-.1 E F1<ad43>144 696 Q F2(command)2.5 E(command)184 708 Q F0 1.056
(is e)3.556 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.056(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 1.056
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G .704(rom the list.)-3.204 F 3.204(Al)5.704 G(eading)-3.204 E F1(!)
3.204 E F0(in)3.204 E F2(\214lterpat)3.205 E F0(ne)3.205 E -.05(ga)-.15
-G .705(tes the pattern;).05 F(in this case, an)184 132 Q 2.5(yc)-.15 G
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--.15(ve)-.2 G(been applied.)184 168 Q F1<ad53>144 180 Q F2(suf)2.5 E
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85.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6f>A F2(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C
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-(n, display the completion options for).15 F(each)144 273.6 Q F2(name)
+(n, display the completion options for).15 F(each)144 321.6 Q F2(name)
3.223 E F0 .723(or the current completion.)3.223 F .724(The possible v)
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-(ar)3.58 E 1.079(guments, additional options are ignored.)-.18 F(When)
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-144 456 R .15(utes and v)-.2 F .151(alues of all v)-.25 F .151
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-(utes speci\214ed by the)-.2 F .047(additional options.)144 468 R .047
-(If no other options are supplied with)5.04
7 F F1<ad70>2.547 E F0(,)A F1
-(declar)2.547 E(e)-.18 E F0 .046(will display the attrib)2.546 F .046
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--.2 F 2.663(printed. If)144 504 R(the)2.663 E F1(extdeb)2.663 E(ug)-.2 E
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-(,t)C .164(he source \214le name and line number)-2.664 F 1.382
-(where the function is de\214ned are displayed as well.)144 516 R(The)
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+(If no other options are supplied with)5.04
6 F F1<ad70>2.547 E F0(,)A F1
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292.8 Q F1<ad64>
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-
208.8 R 2.598(uiltins. If)-.2 F F1<ad6e>2.598 E F0 .098
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-(uiltins, with an indication of whether or not each is)-.2 F 2.878
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316.8 R 2.598(uiltins. If)-.2 F F1<ad6e>2.598 E F0 .098
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-(alue is that of the command placed into the)-.25 F(fore)144 280.8 Q
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-(ailure if run when job control is disabled or)-.1 F 2.862(,w)-.4 G .362
-(hen run with job control enabled, if)-2.862 F F2(jobspec)145.74 292.8 Q
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(The colon and question mark char)5.579 F(-)-.2 E 1.665
-(acters may not be used as option characters.)144 357.6 R 1.665
-(Each time it is in)6.665 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d,).1 E F4(getopts)
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-4.543 E F0 -.15(ex)4.543 G 2.043(its with a return v).15 F 2.044
-(alue greater than zero.)-.25 F F4(OPTIND)144 465.6 Q F0
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(is set to the inde)2.5 E 2.5(xo)-.15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G
-(he \214rst non-option ar)-2.5 E(gument, and)-.18 E F4(name)2.5 E F0
-(is set to ?.)2.5 E F4(getopts)144 489.6 Q F0 2.393
-(normally parses the positional parameters, b)4.893 F 2.392
-(ut if more ar)-.2 F 2.392(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.892
-(ni).15 G(n)-4.892 E F2(ar)4.892 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E F4(getopts)144
-501.6 Q F0(parses those instead.)2.5 E F4(getopts)144 525.6 Q F0 1.165
-(can report errors in tw)3.665 F 3.665(ow)-.1 G 3.665(ays. If)-3.765 F
-1.165(the \214rst character of)3.665 F F2(optstring)3.895 E F0 1.166
-(is a colon,)3.886 F F2(silent)4.006 E F0(error)4.346 E 1.264
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+(he \214rst non-option ar)-2.5 E(gument, and)-.18 E F1(name)2.5 E F0
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+(is printed before the hashed full pathname.)3.703 F(The)144 268.8 Q F1
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-(The return status is true unless a)144 192 Q F2(name)2.86 E F0
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-(uiltins and shell control struc-)-.2 F(tures is printed.)144 244.8 Q F1
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-(pattern)2.5 E F1<ad6d>144 268.8 Q F0(Display the description of each)
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+(therwise help for all the b)-2.807 F .307
+(uiltins and shell control struc-)-.2 F(tures is printed.)144 345.6 Q F1
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21.97 E F2(pattern)2.5 E F0(in a manpage-lik)2.5 E 2.5(ef)-.1 G(ormat)
--2.5 E F1<ad73>144 280.8 Q F0
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(Display only a short usage synopsis for each)26.41 E F2(pattern)2.5 E
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-(pattern)2.5 E F0(.).24 E F1(history [)108 309.6 Q F2(n)A F1(])A
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+-.18 E F1(history \255anrw)108 446.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\214lename)A F0(])A
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+(g.)-.37 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A F1(history \255s)108 470.4 Q F2(ar)2.5 E(g)
-.37 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A 2.5(g.)-.37 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A -.4(Wi)144
-381.6 S .752
+482.4 S .752
(th no options, display the command history list with line numbers.).4 F
-.752(Lines listed with a)5.752 F F1(*)3.252 E F0(ha)3.252 E -.15(ve)-.2
-G 1.231(been modi\214ed.)144 393.6 R 1.231(An ar)6.231 F 1.231
-(gument of)-.18 F F2(n)4.091 E F0 1.231(lists only the last)3.971 F F2
-(n)4.091 E F0 3.73(lines. If)3.97 F 1.23(the shell v)3.73 F(ariable)-.25
-E F1(HISTTIME-)3.73 E(FORMA)144 405.6 Q(T)-.95 E F0 .249
-(is set and not null, it is used as a format string for)2.749 F F2
-(strftime)2.75 E F0 .25(\(3\) to display the time stamp)B .379
-(associated with each displayed history entry)144 417.6 R 5.379(.N)-.65
-G 2.878(oi)-5.379 G(nterv)-2.878 E .378
-(ening blank is printed between the format-)-.15 F .814
-(ted time stamp and the history line.)144 429.6 R(If)5.814 E F2
+.752(Lines listed with a)5.752 F F1(*)3.251 E F0(ha)3.251 E -.15(ve)-.2
+G 1.23(been modi\214ed.)144 494.4 R 1.23(An ar)6.23 F 1.23(gument of)
+-.18 F F2(n)4.09 E F0 1.231(lists only the last)3.97 F F2(n)4.091 E F0
+3.731(lines. If)3.971 F 1.231(the shell v)3.731 F(ariable)-.25 E F1
+(HISTTIME-)3.731 E(FORMA)144 506.4 Q(T)-.95 E F0 .25
+(is set and not null, it is used as a format string for)2.75 F F2
+(strftime)2.749 E F0 .249(\(3\) to display the time stamp)B .378
+(associated with each displayed history entry)144 518.4 R 5.378(.N)-.65
+G 2.878(oi)-5.378 G(nterv)-2.878 E .379
+(ening blank is printed between the format-)-.15 F .815
+(ted time stamp and the history line.)144 530.4 R(If)5.814 E F2
(\214lename)3.314 E F0 .814
(is supplied, it is used as the name of the history)3.314 F
-(\214le; if not, the v)144 441.6 Q(alue of)-.25 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF
-(HISTFILE)2.5 E F0(is used.)2.25 E(Options, if supplied, ha)5 E .3 -.15
-(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad63>144 453.6 Q F0
+(\214le; if not, the v)144 542.4 Q(alue of)-.25 E F3(HISTFILE)2.5 E F0
+(is used.)2.25 E(Options, if supplied, ha)5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H
+(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad63>144 554.4 Q F0
(Clear the history list by deleting all the entries.)25.86 E F1<ad64>144
-465.6 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 E F0(Delete the history entry at position)
-180 477.6 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 E F0(.)A F1<ad61>144 489.6 Q F0 .599
-(Append the `)25.3 F(`ne)-.74 E(w')-.25 E 3.099('h)-.74 G .598
-(istory lines \(history lines entered since the be)-3.099 F .598
-(ginning of the current)-.15 F F1(bash)180 501.6 Q F0
-(session\) to the history \214le.)2.5 E F1<ad6e>144 513.6 Q F0 .854(Rea\
+566.4 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 E F0(Delete the history entry at position)
+180 578.4 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 E F0(.)A F1<ad61>144 590.4 Q F0 .598
+(Append the `)25.3 F(`ne)-.74 E(w')-.25 E 3.098('h)-.74 G .598
+(istory lines \(history lines entered since the be)-3.098 F .599
+(ginning of the current)-.15 F F1(bash)180 602.4 Q F0
+(session\) to the history \214le.)2.5 E F1<ad6e>144 614.4 Q F0 .854(Rea\
d the history lines not already read from the history \214le into the c\
-urrent history list.)24.74 F .773
-(These are lines appended to the history \214le since the be)180 525.6 R
-.772(ginning of the current)-.15 F F1(bash)3.272 E F0(ses-)3.272 E
-(sion.)180 537.6 Q F1<ad72>144 549.6 Q F0(Read the contents of the hist\
+urrent history list.)24.74 F .772
+(These are lines appended to the history \214le since the be)180 626.4 R
+.773(ginning of the current)-.15 F F1(bash)3.273 E F0(ses-)3.273 E
+(sion.)180 638.4 Q F1<ad72>144 650.4 Q F0(Read the contents of the hist\
ory \214le and use them as the current history)25.86 E(.)-.65 E F1<ad77>
-144 561.6 Q F0(Write the current history to the history \214le, o)23.08
+144 662.4 Q F0(Write the current history to the history \214le, o)23.08
E -.15(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the history \214le').15 E 2.5(sc)-.55 G
-(ontents.)-2.5 E F1<ad70>144 573.6 Q F0 .625
+(ontents.)-2.5 E F1<ad70>144 674.4 Q F0 .626
(Perform history substitution on the follo)24.74 F(wing)-.25 E F2(ar)
-3.125 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .626(and display the result on the standard)3.125 F
-2.975(output. Does)180 585.6 R .475
+3.125 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .625(and display the result on the standard)3.125 F
+2.975(output. Does)180 686.4 R .475
(not store the results in the history list.)2.975 F(Each)5.475 E F2(ar)
2.975 E(g)-.37 E F0 .475(must be quoted to disable)2.975 F
-(normal history e)180 597.6 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1<ad73>144 609.6 Q F0
-.362(Store the)26.41 F F2(ar)3.192 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .363
-(in the history list as a single entry)3.132 F 5.363(.T)-.65 G .363
-(he last command in the history list is)-5.363 F(remo)180 621.6 Q -.15
+(normal history e)180 698.4 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1<ad73>144 710.4 Q F0
+.363(Store the)26.41 F F2(ar)3.193 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .363
+(in the history list as a single entry)3.133 F 5.363(.T)-.65 G .362
+(he last command in the history list is)-5.363 F(remo)180 722.4 Q -.15
(ve)-.15 G 2.5(db).15 G(efore the)-2.5 E F2(ar)2.83 E(gs)-.37 E F0
-(are added.)2.77 E .28(If the)144 638.4 R F1(HISTTIMEFORMA)2.78 E(T)-.95
-E F0 .28
+(are added.)2.77 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(9)203.725
+E 0 Cg EP
+%%Page: 10 10
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+/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48
+(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .28(If the)
+144 84 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTTIMEFORMA)2.78 E(T)-.95 E F0 .28
(is set, the time stamp information associated with each history entry)
-2.78 F .539(is written to the history \214le, mark)144 650.4 R .539
-(ed with the history comment character)-.1 F 5.54(.W)-.55 G .54
-(hen the history \214le is)-5.54 F 1.779(read, lines be)144 662.4 R
-1.779(ginning with the history comment character follo)-.15 F 1.778
+2.78 F .54(is written to the history \214le, mark)144 96 R .539
+(ed with the history comment character)-.1 F 5.539(.W)-.55 G .539
+(hen the history \214le is)-5.539 F 1.778(read, lines be)144 108 R 1.778
+(ginning with the history comment character follo)-.15 F 1.779
(wed immediately by a digit are)-.25 F 1.424
-(interpreted as timestamps for the pre)144 674.4 R 1.424
+(interpreted as timestamps for the pre)144 120 R 1.424
(vious history line.)-.25 F 1.424(The return v)6.424 F 1.424
(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .499(option is e\
ncountered, an error occurs while reading or writing the history \214le\
-, an in)144 686.4 R -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F2(of)2.999 E(fset)-.18 E F0
-(is)2.999 E(supplied as an ar)144 698.4 Q(gument to)-.18 E F1<ad64>2.5 E
-F0 2.5(,o)C 2.5(rt)-2.5 G(he history e)-2.5 E
+, an in)144 132 R -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(of)3 E
+(fset)-.18 E F0(is)3 E(supplied as an ar)144 144 Q(gument to)-.18 E F1
+<ad64>2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C 2.5(rt)-2.5 G(he history e)-2.5 E
(xpansion supplied as an ar)-.15 E(gument to)-.18 E F1<ad70>2.5 E F0 -.1
-(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(9)
-203.725 E 0 Cg EP
-%%Page: 10 10
-%%BeginPageSetup
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-%%EndPageSetup
-/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48
-(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10
-/Times-Bold@0 SF(jobs)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lnprs)A F0 2.5(][)C/F2
-10/Times-Italic@0 SF(jobspec)A F0(... ])2.5 E F1(jobs \255x)108 96 Q F2
-(command)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)2.5 E(gs)-.37 E F0(... ])2.5 E
-(The \214rst form lists the acti)144 108 Q .3 -.15(ve j)-.25 H 2.5
+(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(jobs)108 160.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lnprs)A F0 2.5
+(][)C F2(jobspec)A F0(... ])2.5 E F1(jobs \255x)108 172.8 Q F2(command)
+2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)2.5 E(gs)-.37 E F0(... ])2.5 E
+(The \214rst form lists the acti)144 184.8 Q .3 -.15(ve j)-.25 H 2.5
(obs. The).15 F(options ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E
-(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad6c>144 120 Q F0
+(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad6c>144 196.8 Q F0
(List process IDs in addition to the normal information.)27.52 E F1
-<ad70>144 132 Q F0(List only the process ID of the job')24.74 E 2.5(sp)
--.55 G(rocess group leader)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1<ad6e>144 144 Q F0 .193
-(Display information only about jobs that ha)24.74 F .494 -.15(ve c)-.2
-H .194(hanged status since the user w).15 F .194(as last noti-)-.1 F
-(\214ed of their status.)180 156 Q F1<ad72>144 168 Q F0
-(Restrict output to running jobs.)25.86 E F1<ad73>144 180 Q F0
-(Restrict output to stopped jobs.)26.41 E(If)144 196.8 Q F2(jobspec)
-4.554 E F0 .314(is gi)3.124 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .314
-(n, output is restricted to information about that job).15 F 5.313(.T)
--.4 G .313(he return status is 0 unless)-5.313 F(an in)144 208.8 Q -.25
+<ad70>144 208.8 Q F0(List only the process ID of the job')24.74 E 2.5
+(sp)-.55 G(rocess group leader)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1<ad6e>144 220.8 Q F0
+.194(Display information only about jobs that ha)24.74 F .494 -.15(ve c)
+-.2 H .193(hanged status since the user w).15 F .193(as last noti-)-.1 F
+(\214ed of their status.)180 232.8 Q F1<ad72>144 244.8 Q F0
+(Restrict output to running jobs.)25.86 E F1<ad73>144 256.8 Q F0
+(Restrict output to stopped jobs.)26.41 E(If)144 273.6 Q F2(jobspec)
+4.553 E F0 .313(is gi)3.123 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .313
+(n, output is restricted to information about that job).15 F 5.314(.T)
+-.4 G .314(he return status is 0 unless)-5.314 F(an in)144 285.6 Q -.25
(va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered or an in).25 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25
-E F2(jobspec)4.24 E F0(is supplied.)2.81 E .394(If the)144 225.6 R F1
-<ad78>2.894 E F0 .394(option is supplied,)2.894 F F1(jobs)2.894 E F0
+E F2(jobspec)4.24 E F0(is supplied.)2.81 E .395(If the)144 302.4 R F1
+<ad78>2.895 E F0 .394(option is supplied,)2.894 F F1(jobs)2.894 E F0
.394(replaces an)2.894 F(y)-.15 E F2(jobspec)4.634 E F0 .394(found in)
-3.204 F F2(command)3.094 E F0(or)3.664 E F2(ar)3.224 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .395
-(with the corre-)3.164 F(sponding process group ID, and e)144 237.6 Q
+3.204 F F2(command)3.094 E F0(or)3.664 E F2(ar)3.224 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .394
+(with the corre-)3.164 F(sponding process group ID, and e)144 314.4 Q
-.15(xe)-.15 G(cutes).15 E F2(command)2.7 E F0(passing it)3.27 E F2(ar)
2.5 E(gs)-.37 E F0 2.5(,r).27 G(eturning its e)-2.5 E(xit status.)-.15 E
-F1(kill)108
254.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad73>A F2(sigspec)2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F1
+F1(kill)108
331.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad73>A F2(sigspec)2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F1
<ad6e>2.5 E F2(signum)2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F1<ad>2.5 E F2(sigspec)A F0 2.5
(][)C F2(pid)-2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F2(jobspec)2.5 E F0 2.5(].)C(..)-2.5 E F1
-(kill \255l)108 266.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(sigspec)A F0(|)2.5 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5
-G(it_status).2 E F0(])A .12(Send the signal named by)144 278.4 R F2
-(sigspec)2.96 E F0(or)2.93 E F2(signum)2.96 E F0 .119
-(to the processes named by)2.939 F F2(pid)3.869 E F0(or)3.389 E F2
-(jobspec)2.619 E F0(.).31 E F2(sigspec)5.459 E F0(is)2.929 E .318
-(either a case-insensiti)144 290.4 R .618 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .318
-(ignal name such as).15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGKILL)2.818 E F0 .319
-(\(with or without the)2.569 F F3(SIG)2.819 E F0 .319
-(pre\214x\) or a signal)2.569 F(number;)144 302.4 Q F2(signum)4.189 E F0
-1.349(is a signal number)4.169 F 6.349(.I)-.55 G(f)-6.349 E F2(sigspec)
+(kill \255l)108 343.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(sigspec)A F0(|)2.5 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5
+G(it_status).2 E F0(])A .119(Send the signal named by)144 355.2 R F2
+(sigspec)2.959 E F0(or)2.929 E F2(signum)2.959 E F0 .119
+(to the processes named by)2.939 F F2(pid)3.87 E F0(or)3.39 E F2
+(jobspec)2.62 E F0(.).31 E F2(sigspec)5.46 E F0(is)2.93 E .319
+(either a case-insensiti)144 367.2 R .619 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .319
+(ignal name such as).15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGKILL)2.819 E F0 .318
+(\(with or without the)2.569 F F3(SIG)2.818 E F0 .318
+(pre\214x\) or a signal)2.568 F(number;)144 379.2 Q F2(signum)4.188 E F0
+1.349(is a signal number)4.168 F 6.349(.I)-.55 G(f)-6.349 E F2(sigspec)
4.189 E F0 1.349(is not present, then)4.159 F F3(SIGTERM)3.849 E F0
-1.348(is assumed.)3.599 F(An)6.348 E(ar)144 314.4 Q .522(gument of)-.18
+1.349(is assumed.)3.599 F(An)6.349 E(ar)144 391.2 Q .523(gument of)-.18
F F1<ad6c>3.023 E F0 .523(lists the signal names.)3.023 F .523(If an)
5.523 F 3.023(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-3.023 G .523(uments are supplied when)
.18 F F1<ad6c>3.023 E F0 .523(is gi)3.023 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .523
-(n, the names).15 F .28(of the signals corresponding to the ar)144 326.4
+(n, the names).15 F .28(of the signals corresponding to the ar)144 403.2
R .28(guments are listed, and the return status is 0.)-.18 F(The)5.28 E
-F2 -.2(ex)2.78 G(it_status).2 E F0(ar)144 338.4 Q .377(gument to)-.18 F
-F1<ad6c>2.877 E F0 .378
-(is a number specifying either a signal number or the e)2.877 F .378
-(xit status of a process termi-)-.15 F .594(nated by a signal.)144 350.4
+F2 -.2(ex)2.78 G(it_status).2 E F0(ar)144 415.2 Q .378(gument to)-.18 F
+F1<ad6c>2.878 E F0 .378
+(is a number specifying either a signal number or the e)2.878 F .377
+(xit status of a process termi-)-.15 F .593(nated by a signal.)144 427.2
R F1(kill)5.593 E F0 .593(returns true if at least one signal w)3.093 F
-.593(as successfully sent, or f)-.1 F .593(alse if an error)-.1 F
-(occurs or an in)144 362.4 Q -.25(va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered.)
-.25 E F1(let)108 379.2 Q F2(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37
-E F0(...])2.5 E(Each)144 391.2 Q F2(ar)3.964 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.134
-(is an arithmetic e)3.854 F 1.134(xpression to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25
-G 1.135(luated \(see).25 F F3 1.135(ARITHMETIC EV)3.635 F(ALU)-1.215 E
--.855(AT)-.54 G(ION).855 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(\).)A F0 1.135(If the)
-5.635 F(last)144 403.2 Q F2(ar)2.83 E(g)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)2.72 G
+.593(as successfully sent, or f)-.1 F .594(alse if an error)-.1 F
+(occurs or an in)144 439.2 Q -.25(va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered.)
+.25 E F1(let)108 456 Q F2(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37 E
+F0(...])2.5 E(Each)144 468 Q F2(ar)3.965 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.135
+(is an arithmetic e)3.855 F 1.134(xpression to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25
+G 1.134(luated \(see).25 F F3 1.134(ARITHMETIC EV)3.634 F(ALU)-1.215 E
+-.855(AT)-.54 G(ION).855 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(\).)A F0 1.134(If the)
+5.634 F(last)144 480 Q F2(ar)2.83 E(g)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)2.72 G
(luates to 0,).25 E F1(let)2.5 E F0(returns 1; 0 is returned otherwise.)
-2.5 E F1(local)108 420 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5
-E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 432 S 2.56(re)
-.15 G .06(ach ar)-2.56 F .06(gument, a local v)-.18 F .06(ariable named)
--.25 F F2(name)2.92 E F0 .06(is created, and assigned)2.74 F F2(value)
-2.56 E F0 5.06(.T).18 G(he)-5.06 E F2(option)2.56 E F0 .06(can be)2.56 F
-(an)144 444 Q 3.152(yo)-.15 G 3.152(ft)-3.152 G .652
-(he options accepted by)-3.152 F F1(declar)3.152 E(e)-.18 E F0 5.652(.W)
-C(hen)-5.652 E F1(local)3.152 E F0 .653
+2.5 E F1(local)108 496.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)
+-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 508.8 S
+2.56(re).15 G .06(ach ar)-2.56 F .06(gument, a local v)-.18 F .06
+(ariable named)-.25 F F2(name)2.92 E F0 .06(is created, and assigned)
+2.74 F F2(value)2.56 E F0 5.06(.T).18 G(he)-5.06 E F2(option)2.56 E F0
+.06(can be)2.56 F(an)144 520.8 Q 3.153(yo)-.15 G 3.153(ft)-3.153 G .653
+(he options accepted by)-3.153 F F1(declar)3.153 E(e)-.18 E F0 5.652(.W)
+C(hen)-5.652 E F1(local)3.152 E F0 .652
(is used within a function, it causes the v)3.152 F(ari-)-.25 E(able)144
-456 Q F2(name)3.721 E F0 .861(to ha)3.541 F 1.161 -.15(ve a v)-.2 H .861
+532.8 Q F2(name)3.72 E F0 .86(to ha)3.54 F 1.16 -.15(ve a v)-.2 H .861
(isible scope restricted to that function and its children.).15 F -.4
-(Wi)5.86 G .86(th no operands,).4 F F1(local)144 468 Q F0 1.164
-(writes a list of local v)3.664 F 1.165
+(Wi)5.861 G .861(th no operands,).4 F F1(local)144 544.8 Q F0 1.165
+(writes a list of local v)3.665 F 1.165
(ariables to the standard output.)-.25 F 1.165(It is an error to use)
-6.165 F F1(local)3.665 E F0 1.165(when not)3.665 F .233
-(within a function.)144 480 R .233(The return status is 0 unless)5.233 F
-F1(local)2.733 E F0 .233(is used outside a function, an in)2.733 F -.25
-(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F2(name)3.092 E F0(is)2.912 E(supplied, or)144 492 Q
-F2(name)2.5 E F0(is a readonly v)2.5 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(logout)108
-508.8 Q F0(Exit a login shell.)9.33 E F1(map\214le)108 525.6 Q F0([)2.5
-E F1<ad6e>A F2(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad4f>-2.5 E F2(origin)2.5 E F0
-2.5(][)C F1<ad73>-2.5 E F2(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad74>-2.5 E F0 2.5
-(][)C F1<ad75>-2.5 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad43>-2.5 E F2(callbac)
-2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad63>-2.5 E F2(quantum)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2
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(Read lines from \214le descriptor)24.74 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0
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3.72(ft)-3.72 G 1.22(he ne)-3.72 F 1.22
(xt array element to be assigned as an additional ar)-.15 F(gument.)-.18
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(luated after the line is read b).25 E
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(map\214le)2.5 E F0(will clear)2.5 E F2(arr)2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0
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-/Times-Bold@0 SF(map\214le)144 84 Q F0 .995
-(returns successfully unless an in)3.495 F -.25(va)-.4 G .996
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-(va)-.4 G(lid or unassignable.).25 E F1(popd)108 112.8 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E
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-(ntries from the directory stack.)-2.8 F -.4(Wi)5.299 G .299(th no ar).4
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-(he top directory from the)-2.799 F 1.478(stack, and performs a)144
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-(op directory)-3.979 F 6.479(.A)-.65 G -.18(rg)-6.479 G 1.479
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+(ntries from the directory stack.)-2.799 F -.4(Wi)5.299 G .299(th no ar)
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(Suppresses the normal change of directory when remo)24.74 F .551
(ving directories from the stack, so)-.15 F
-(that only the stack is manipulated.)180 172.8 Q F1(+)144 184.8 Q F2(n)A
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F0(Remo)25.3 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.64(st).15 G(he)-2.64 E F2(n)2.64 E F0
.14(th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B .14(wn by)-.25 F
F1(dirs)2.64 E F0 2.64(,s)C .14(tarting with zero.)-2.64 F -.15(Fo)180
-196.8 S 2.5(re).15 G(xample:)-2.65 E/F3 10/Courier@0 SF(popd +0)2.5 E F0
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(remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(st).15 G(he \214rst directory)-2.5 E(,)
--.65 E F3(popd +1)2.5 E F0(the second.)2.5 E F1<ad>144 208.8 Q F2(n)A F0
-(Remo)25.3 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.76(st).15 G(he)-3.76 E F2(n)3.76 E F0
-1.259(th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.259(wn by)
--.25 F F1(dirs)3.759 E F0 3.759(,s)C 1.259(tarting with)-3.759 F 2.5
-(zero. F)180 220.8 R(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E F3(popd -0)2.5 E F0
-(remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(st).15 G(he last directory)-2.5 E(,)-.65
-E F3(popd -1)2.5 E F0(the ne)2.5 E(xt to last.)-.15 E .643(If the)144
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-(alse if an in)-.1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .415
-(lid option is encountered, the directory stack is empty).25 F 2.915
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+E F0 .415(returns f)144 336 R .415(alse if an in)-.1 F -.25(va)-.4 G
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(])A F2(format)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .372
-(Write the formatted)144 290.4 R F2(ar)2.872 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .372
+(Write the formatted)144 376.8 R F2(ar)2.872 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .372
(to the standard output under the control of the)2.872 F F2(format)2.872
E F0 5.372(.T)C(he)-5.372 E F2(format)2.872 E F0 1.804(is a character s\
tring which contains three types of objects: plain characters, which ar\
-e simply)144 302.4 R .158
+e simply)144 388.8 R .159
(copied to standard output, character escape sequences, which are con)
-144 314.4 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .159(rted and copied to the stan-).15 F .499(\
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dard output, and format speci\214cations, each of which causes printing\
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-(ddition to the standard)-2.923 F F2(printf)2.923 E F0 .424
-(\(1\) formats,)B F1(%b)2.924 E F0(causes)2.924 E F1(printf)2.924 E F0
-.424(to e)2.924 F .424(xpand backslash escape)-.15 F .977
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-(ginning with)-.15 F F1(\\0)3.422 E F0 .922
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-(in a format that can be reused as shell)3.631 F(input.)144 386.4 Q(The)
-144 410.4 Q F1<ad76>2.903 E F0 .404
-(option causes the output to be assigned to the v)2.903 F(ariable)-.25 E
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F2(var)2.904 E F0 .404(rather than being printed to the)2.904 F
-(standard output.)144 422.4 Q(The)144 446.4 Q F2(format)3.424 E F0 .923
-(is reused as necessary to consume all of the)3.424 F F2(ar)3.423 E
+(standard output.)144 508.8 Q(The)144 532.8 Q F2(format)3.423 E F0 .923
+(is reused as necessary to consume all of the)3.423 F F2(ar)3.423 E
(guments)-.37 E F0 5.923(.I)C 3.423(ft)-5.923 G(he)-3.423 E F2(format)
-3.423 E F0 .923(requires more)3.423 F F2(ar)144 458.4 Q(guments)-.37 E
-F0 .033(than are supplied, the e)2.533 F .033
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(xtra format speci\214cations beha)-.15 F .333 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 2.533(si)
-.15 G 2.533(faz)-2.533 G .033(ero v)-2.533 F .034(alue or null string,)
--.25 F(as appropriate, had been supplied.)144 470.4 Q(The return v)5 E
+.15 G 2.533(faz)-2.533 G .033(ero v)-2.533 F .033(alue or null string,)
+-.25 F(as appropriate, had been supplied.)144 556.8 Q(The return v)5 E
(alue is zero on success, non-zero on f)-.25 E(ailure.)-.1 E F1(pushd)
-108
487.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6e>A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F2(n)A F0 2.5(][)C
-<ad>-2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A F1(pushd)108
499.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6e>A F0
-2.5(][)C F2(dir)-2.5 E F0(])A .64(Adds a directory to the top of the di\
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--.25 G .639(op of the)-3.139 F 1.315(stack the current w)144 523.2 R
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-(returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty)144 535.2 R 5.871(.A)
--.65 G -.18(rg)-5.871 G .871(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.171 -.15
-(ve t)-.2 H .871(he follo).15 F .871(wing mean-)-.25 F(ings:)144 547.2 Q
-F1<ad6e>144 559.2 Q F0 .902(Suppresses the normal change of directory w\
+108
573.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6e>A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F2(n)A F0 2.5(][)C
+<ad>-2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A F1(pushd)108
585.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6e>A F0
+2.5(][)C F2(dir)-2.5 E F0(])A .639(Adds a directory to the top of the d\
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+-.25 G .64(op of the)-3.14 F 1.316(stack the current w)144 609.6 R 1.316
+(orking directory)-.1 F 6.316(.W)-.65 G 1.315(ith no ar)-6.716 F 1.315
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+(irectories and)-3.815 F .871
+(returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty)144 621.6 R 5.871(.A)
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+F1<ad6e>144 645.6 Q F0 .902(Suppresses the normal change of directory w\
hen adding directories to the stack, so that)24.74 F
-(only the stack is manipulated.)180 571.2 Q F1(+)144 583.2 Q F2(n)A F0
-1.268(Rotates the stack so that the)25.3 F F2(n)3.768 E F0 1.267
-(th directory \(counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.267(wn by)
--.25 F F1(dirs)180 595.2 Q F0 2.5(,s)C
-(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)-2.5 E F1<ad>144 607.2 Q F2(n)A F0
+(only the stack is manipulated.)180 657.6 Q F1(+)144 669.6 Q F2(n)A F0
+1.267(Rotates the stack so that the)25.3 F F2(n)3.767 E F0 1.268
+(th directory \(counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.268(wn by)
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+(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)-2.5 E F1<ad>144 693.6 Q F2(n)A F0
.92(Rotates the stack so that the)25.3 F F2(n)3.42 E F0 .92
(th directory \(counting from the right of the list sho)B .92(wn by)-.25
-F F1(dirs)180 619.2 Q F0 2.5(,s)C(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)
--2.5 E F2(dir)144.35 631.2 Q F0(Adds)23.98 E F2(dir)2.85 E F0
+F F1(dirs)180 705.6 Q F0 2.5(,s)C(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)
+-2.5 E F2(dir)144.35 717.6 Q F0(Adds)23.98 E F2(dir)2.85 E F0
(to the directory stack at the top, making it the ne)3.23 E 2.5(wc)-.25
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-F1(pushd)2.989 E F0 .489(command is successful, a)2.989 F F1(dirs)2.988
-E F0 .488(is performed as well.)2.988 F .488
-(If the \214rst form is used,)5.488 F F1(pushd)2.988 E F0 1.039
-(returns 0 unless the cd to)144 660 R F2(dir)3.889 E F0 -.1(fa)4.269 G
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-684 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(urrent directory f)-2.5 E(ails.)-.1 E F1(pwd)108
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-(Print the absolute pathname of the current w)144 712.8 R .845
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-(he pathname printed contains no)-5.845 F .182(symbolic links if the)144
-724.8 R F1<ad50>2.681 E F0 .181(option is supplied or the)2.681 F F1
-.181(\255o ph)2.681 F(ysical)-.15 E F0 .181(option to the)2.681 F F1
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-72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(11)198.725 E 0 Cg EP
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%%Page: 12 12
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-(enabled. If)144 84 R(the)3.263 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad4c>3.263 E F0
-.763(option is used, the pathname printed may contain symbolic links.)
-3.263 F .764(The return)5.764 F 1.36(status is 0 unless an error occurs\
- while reading the name of the current directory or an in)144 96 R -.25
-(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E(option is supplied.)144 108 Q F1 -.18(re)108 124.8 S
-(ad).18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255ers)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad61>-2.5 E/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(aname)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad64>-2.5 E F2(delim)2.5 E
-F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad69>-2.5 E F2(te)2.5 E(xt)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6e>-2.5
-E F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E F2(pr)2.5 E
-(ompt)-.45 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad74>-2.5 E F2(timeout)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1
-<ad75>-2.5 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .516(\
-One line is read from the standard input, or from the \214le descriptor)
-144 136.8 R F2(fd)3.016 E F0 .516(supplied as an ar)3.016 F .517
-(gument to)-.18 F(the)144 148.8 Q F1<ad75>2.539 E F0 .039
-(option, and the \214rst w)2.539 F .038(ord is assigned to the \214rst)
--.1 F F2(name)2.538 E F0 2.538(,t).18 G .038(he second w)-2.538 F .038
-(ord to the second)-.1 F F2(name)2.538 E F0(,).18 E .42
-(and so on, with lefto)144 160.8 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.92(rw).15 G .42
-(ords and their interv)-3.02 F .42
+(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .488(If the)
+144 84 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(pushd)2.988 E F0 .488
+(command is successful, a)2.988 F F1(dirs)2.988 E F0 .488
+(is performed as well.)2.988 F .489(If the \214rst form is used,)5.488 F
+F1(pushd)2.989 E F0 1.04(returns 0 unless the cd to)144 96 R/F2 10
+/Times-Italic@0 SF(dir)3.89 E F0 -.1(fa)4.27 G 3.539(ils. W).1 F 1.039
+(ith the second form,)-.4 F F1(pushd)3.539 E F0 1.039
+(returns 0 unless the directory)3.539 F .846(stack is empty)144 108 R
+3.346(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-3.346 E .847(xistent directory stack element is \
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+120 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(urrent directory f)-2.5 E(ails.)-.1 E F1(pwd)108
+136.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255LP)A F0(])A .845
+(Print the absolute pathname of the current w)144 148.8 R .845
+(orking directory)-.1 F 5.844(.T)-.65 G .844
+(he pathname printed contains no)-5.844 F .181(symbolic links if the)144
+160.8 R F1<ad50>2.681 E F0 .181(option is supplied or the)2.681 F F1
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+(set)2.681 E F0 -.2(bu)2.681 G .182(iltin command is).2 F 3.264
+(enabled. If)144 172.8 R(the)3.264 E F1<ad4c>3.264 E F0 .763
+(option is used, the pathname printed may contain symbolic links.)3.264
+F .763(The return)5.763 F 1.36(status is 0 unless an error occurs while\
+ reading the name of the current directory or an in)144 184.8 R -.25(va)
+-.4 G(lid).25 E(option is supplied.)144 196.8 Q F1 -.18(re)108 213.6 S
+(ad).18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255ers)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad61>-2.5 E F2(aname)
+2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad64>-2.5 E F2(delim)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad69>-2.5
+E F2(te)2.5 E(xt)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6e>-2.5 E F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E
+(s)-.1 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E F2(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 2.5(][)C
+F1<ad74>-2.5 E F2(timeout)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad75>-2.5 E F2(fd)2.5 E
+F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .516(One line is read from the\
+ standard input, or from the \214le descriptor)144 225.6 R F2(fd)3.016 E
+F0 .516(supplied as an ar)3.016 F .516(gument to)-.18 F(the)144 237.6 Q
+F1<ad75>2.538 E F0 .038(option, and the \214rst w)2.538 F .038
+(ord is assigned to the \214rst)-.1 F F2(name)2.539 E F0 2.539(,t).18 G
+.039(he second w)-2.539 F .039(ord to the second)-.1 F F2(name)2.539 E
+F0(,).18 E .42(and so on, with lefto)144 249.6 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.92(rw)
+.15 G .42(ords and their interv)-3.02 F .42
(ening separators assigned to the last)-.15 F F2(name)2.92 E F0 5.42(.I)
-.18 G 2.92(ft)-5.42 G(here)-2.92 E .541(are fe)144 172.8 R .541(wer w)
--.25 F .541(ords read from the input stream than names, the remaining n\
-ames are assigned empty)-.1 F -.25(va)144 184.8 S 2.51(lues. The).25 F
-.011(characters in)2.511 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)2.511 E F0 .011
+.18 G 2.92(ft)-5.42 G(here)-2.92 E .54(are fe)144 261.6 R .54(wer w)-.25
+F .541(ords read from the input stream than names, the remaining names \
+are assigned empty)-.1 F -.25(va)144 273.6 S 2.511(lues. The).25 F .011
+(characters in)2.511 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)2.511 E F0 .011
(are used to split the line into w)2.261 F 2.511(ords. The)-.1 F .011
-(backslash character \()2.511 F F1(\\)A F0 2.511(\)m)C(ay)-2.511 E 1.891
-(be used to remo)144 196.8 R 2.191 -.15(ve a)-.15 H 2.191 -.15(ny s).15
-H 1.891(pecial meaning for the ne).15 F 1.89
+(backslash character \()2.511 F F1(\\)A F0 2.51(\)m)C(ay)-2.51 E 1.89
+(be used to remo)144 285.6 R 2.19 -.15(ve a)-.15 H 2.19 -.15(ny s).15 H
+1.891(pecial meaning for the ne).15 F 1.891
(xt character read and for line continuation.)-.15 F
-(Options, if supplied, ha)144 208.8 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E
-(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 220.8 Q F2(aname)2.5 E F0 1.049
-(The w)180 232.8 R 1.049
+(Options, if supplied, ha)144 297.6 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E
+(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 309.6 Q F2(aname)2.5 E F0 1.05(The w)
+180 321.6 R 1.049
(ords are assigned to sequential indices of the array v)-.1 F(ariable)
--.25 E F2(aname)3.55 E F0 3.55(,s).18 G 1.05(tarting at 0.)-3.55 F F2
-(aname)180.33 244.8 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68 E 2.5(yn)-.15 G .5 -.25
-(ew va)-2.5 H(lues are assigned.).25 E(Other)5 E F2(name)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5
-E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F1<ad64>144 256.8 Q F2(delim)2.5 E F0
-(The \214rst character of)180 268.8 Q F2(delim)2.5 E F0
+-.25 E F2(aname)3.549 E F0 3.549(,s).18 G 1.049(tarting at 0.)-3.549 F
+F2(aname)180.33 333.6 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68 E 2.5(yn)-.15 G .5
+-.25(ew va)-2.5 H(lues are assigned.).25 E(Other)5 E F2(name)2.5 E F0
+(ar)2.5 E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F1<ad64>144 345.6 Q F2(delim)2.5 E
+F0(The \214rst character of)180 357.6 Q F2(delim)2.5 E F0
(is used to terminate the input line, rather than ne)2.5 E(wline.)-.25 E
-F1<ad65>144 280.8 Q F0 .373
+F1<ad65>144 369.6 Q F0 .372
(If the standard input is coming from a terminal,)25.86 F F1 -.18(re)
-2.873 G(adline).18 E F0(\(see)2.873 E F3(READLINE)2.872 E F0(abo)2.622 E
--.15(ve)-.15 G 2.872(\)i).15 G 2.872(su)-2.872 G(sed)-2.872 E .218
-(to obtain the line.)180 292.8 R .218
+2.873 G(adline).18 E F0(\(see)2.873 E F3(READLINE)2.873 E F0(abo)2.623 E
+-.15(ve)-.15 G 2.873(\)i).15 G 2.873(su)-2.873 G(sed)-2.873 E .218
+(to obtain the line.)180 381.6 R .218
(Readline uses the current \(or def)5.218 F .218
(ault, if line editing w)-.1 F .218(as not pre)-.1 F(viously)-.25 E
-(acti)180 304.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(\)e).15 G(diting settings.)-2.5 E
-F1<ad69>144 316.8 Q F2(te)2.5 E(xt)-.2 E F0(If)10.78 E F1 -.18(re)2.716
-G(adline).18 E F0 .216(is being used to read the line,)2.716 F F2(te)
+(acti)180 393.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(\)e).15 G(diting settings.)-2.5 E
+F1<ad69>144 405.6 Q F2(te)2.5 E(xt)-.2 E F0(If)10.78 E F1 -.18(re)2.715
+G(adline).18 E F0 .216(is being used to read the line,)2.715 F F2(te)
2.716 E(xt)-.2 E F0 .216(is placed into the editing b)2.716 F(uf)-.2 E
-.21
5(fer before edit-)-.25 F(ing be)180 328.8 Q(gins.)-.15 E F1<ad6e>144
-340.8 Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 352.8 S(ad).18 E
-F0 1.394(returns after reading)3.894 F F2(nc)3.894 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E
-F0 1.395(characters rather than w)3.894 F 1.395
-(aiting for a complete line of)-.1 F(input.)180
364.8 Q F1<ad70>144
-376.8 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 E F0(Display)180 388.8 Q F2(pr)3.661 E
-(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161(on standard error)3.661 F 3.661(,w)-.4 G 1.161
+.21
6(fer before edit-)-.25 F(ing be)180 417.6 Q(gins.)-.15 E F1<ad6e>144
+429.6 Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 441.6 S(ad).18 E
+F0 1.395(returns after reading)3.895 F F2(nc)3.895 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E
+F0 1.395(characters rather than w)3.895 F 1.394
+(aiting for a complete line of)-.1 F(input.)180
453.6 Q F1<ad70>144
+465.6 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 E F0(Display)180 477.6 Q F2(pr)3.66 E
+(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161(on standard error)3.66 F 3.661(,w)-.4 G 1.161
(ithout a trailing ne)-3.661 F 1.161(wline, before attempting to read)
--.25 F(an)180 400.8 Q 2.5(yi)-.15 G 2.5(nput. The)-2.5 F
+-.25 F(an)180 489.6 Q 2.5(yi)-.15 G 2.5(nput. The)-2.5 F
(prompt is displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.)2.5 E F1
-<ad72>144 412.8 Q F0 .543(Backslash does not act as an escape character)
-25.86 F 5.543(.T)-.55 G .544(he backslash is considered to be part of)
--5.543 F(the line.)180 424.8 Q(In particular)5 E 2.5(,ab)-.4 G
+<ad72>144 501.6 Q F0 .544(Backslash does not act as an escape character)
+25.86 F 5.543(.T)-.55 G .543(he backslash is considered to be part of)
+-5.543 F(the line.)180 513.6 Q(In particular)5 E 2.5(,ab)-.4 G
(ackslash-ne)-2.5 E(wline pair may not be used as a line continuation.)
--.25 E F1<ad73>144 436.8 Q F0(Silent mode.)26.41 E
+-.25 E F1<ad73>144 525.6 Q F0(Silent mode.)26.41 E
(If input is coming from a terminal, characters are not echoed.)5 E F1
-<ad74>144 448.8 Q F2(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 460.8 Q F1 -.18(re)3.549
-G(ad).18 E F0 1.048(to time out and return f)3.549 F 1.048
+<ad74>144 537.6 Q F2(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 549.6 Q F1 -.18(re)3.548
+G(ad).18 E F0 1.048(to time out and return f)3.548 F 1.048
(ailure if a complete line of input is not read within)-.1 F F2(timeout)
-180 472.8 Q F0(seconds.)3.496 E F2(timeout)5.996 E F0 .997
-(may be a decimal number with a fractional portion follo)3.496 F(wing)
--.25 E .576(the decimal point.)180 484.8 R .576(This option is only ef)
+180 561.6 Q F0(seconds.)3.497 E F2(timeout)5.997 E F0 .997
+(may be a decimal number with a fractional portion follo)3.497 F(wing)
+-.25 E .576(the decimal point.)180 573.6 R .576(This option is only ef)
5.576 F(fecti)-.25 E .876 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(f).15 E F1 -.18(re)3.076 G
-(ad).18 E F0 .576(is reading input from a terminal,)3.076 F .141
-(pipe, or other special \214le; it has no ef)180 496.8 R .142
-(fect when reading from re)-.25 F .142(gular \214les.)-.15 F(If)5.142 E
-F2(timeout)2.642 E F0 .142(is 0,)2.642 F F1 -.18(re)180 508.8 S(ad).18 E
-F0 .113(returns success if input is a)2.614 F -.25(va)-.2 G .113
-(ilable on the speci\214ed \214le descriptor).25 F 2.613(,f)-.4 G .113
-(ailure otherwise.)-2.713 F(The e)180 520.8 Q
+(ad).18 E F0 .576(is reading input from a terminal,)3.076 F .142
+(pipe, or other special \214le; it has no ef)180 585.6 R .142
+(fect when reading from re)-.25 F .142(gular \214les.)-.15 F(If)5.141 E
+F2(timeout)2.641 E F0 .141(is 0,)2.641 F F1 -.18(re)180 597.6 S(ad).18 E
+F0 .113(returns success if input is a)2.613 F -.25(va)-.2 G .113
+(ilable on the speci\214ed \214le descriptor).25 F 2.613(,f)-.4 G .114
+(ailure otherwise.)-2.713 F(The e)180 609.6 Q
(xit status is greater than 128 if the timeout is e)-.15 E(xceeded.)-.15
-E F1<ad75>144 532.8 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(Read input from \214le descriptor)
-14.46 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .191(If no)144 549.6 R F2(names)3.051 E F0
-.191(are supplied, the line read is assigned to the v)2.961 F(ariable)
--.25 E F3(REPL)2.692 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .192
-(The return code is zero,)4.692 F 1.344
-(unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)144 561.6 R F1 -.18(re)3.844 G(ad)
+E F1<ad75>144 621.6 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(Read input from \214le descriptor)
+14.46 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .192(If no)144 638.4 R F2(names)3.052 E F0
+.192(are supplied, the line read is assigned to the v)2.962 F(ariable)
+-.25 E F3(REPL)2.691 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .191
+(The return code is zero,)4.691 F 1.343
+(unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)144 650.4 R F1 -.18(re)3.843 G(ad)
.18 E F0 1.343
-(times out \(in which case the return code is greater than)3.844 F
-(128\), or an in)144 573.6 Q -.25(va)-.4 G
+(times out \(in which case the return code is greater than)3.843 F
+(128\), or an in)144 662.4 Q -.25(va)-.4 G
(lid \214le descriptor is supplied as the ar).25 E(gument to)-.18 E F1
-<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.18(re)108 590.4 S(adonly).18 E F0([)2.5 E F1
+<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.18(re)108 679.2 S(adonly).18 E F0([)2.5 E F1
(\255aA)A(pf)-.25 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E
-F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E .77(The gi)144 602.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E F2
+F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E .77(The gi)144 691.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E F2
(names)3.27 E F0 .77(are mark)3.27 F .77(ed readonly; the v)-.1 F .77
(alues of these)-.25 F F2(names)3.63 E F0 .77
-(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.097(quent assignment.)144 614.4 R
-1.097(If the)6.097 F F1<ad66>3.597 E F0 1.097
-(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.597 F F2
-(names)3.596 E F0 1.096(are so)3.596 F(mark)144 626.4 Q 3.334(ed. The)
+(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.096(quent assignment.)144 703.2 R
+1.096(If the)6.096 F F1<ad66>3.596 E F0 1.097
+(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.596 F F2
+(names)3.597 E F0 1.097(are so)3.597 F(mark)144 715.2 Q 3.334(ed. The)
-.1 F F1<ad61>3.334 E F0 .834(option restricts the v)3.334 F .834
(ariables to inde)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.334(da).15 G .834(rrays; the)
-3.334 F F1<ad41>3.334 E F0 .834(option restricts the v)3.334 F(ari-)
--.25 E .538(ables to associati)144 638.4 R .838 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 3.038
+-.25 E .537(ables to associati)144 727.2 R .837 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 3.037
(rrays. If).15 F(no)3.038 E F2(name)3.398 E F0(ar)3.218 E .538
(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .538(n, or if the).15 F F1<ad70>
-3.038 E F0 .537(option is supplied, a list)3.038 F .08
-(of all readonly names is printed.)144 650.4 R(The)5.08 E F1<ad70>2.58 E
-F0 .081(option causes output to be displayed in a format that may)2.58 F
-1.177(be reused as input.)144 662.4 R 1.177(If a v)6.177 F 1.176
-(ariable name is follo)-.25 F 1.176(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0
-3.676(,t)C 1.176(he v)-3.676 F 1.176(alue of the v)-.25 F 1.176
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192 Q F0(Same as)5.56 E F1<ad6d>2.5 E
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288 Q F0(Same as)6.67 E F1<ad74>2.5 E F0(.)A F1
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360 Q F0(Same as)6.67 E F1<ad74>2.5 E F0(.)A F1
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474 Q F1<ad70>
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534 R F1<ad70>3.518 E F0 1.018
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546 Q F1<ad70>
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192 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad54>144
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+-.18 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .178(cation of the shell.).2 F(The)5.178 E .066
+(current set of options may be found in)144 412.8 R F1<24ad>2.566 E F0
5.066(.T)C .066(he return status is al)-5.066 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .066
-(ys true unless an in).1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .067(lid option).25 F
-(is encountered.)144 340.8 Q F1(shift)108 357.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0
-(])A .429(The positional parameters from)144 369.6 R F2(n)2.929 E F0
-.429(+1 ... are renamed to)B F1 .429($1 ....)2.929 F F0 -.15(Pa)5.428 G
-.428(rameters represented by the num-).15 F(bers)144 381.6 Q F1($#)2.582
-E F0(do)2.582 E .082(wn to)-.25 F F1($#)2.582 E F0<ad>A F2(n)A F0 .082
-(+1 are unset.)B F2(n)5.442 E F0 .082(must be a non-ne)2.822 F -.05(ga)
--.15 G(ti).05 E .383 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .083(umber less than or equal to)
-.15 F F1($#)2.583 E F0 5.083(.I)C(f)-5.083 E F2(n)2.943 E F0 .06
-(is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 393.6 R(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0
+(ys true unless an in).1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .066(lid option).25 F
+(is encountered.)144 424.8 Q F1(shift)108 441.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0
+(])A .428(The positional parameters from)144 453.6 R F2(n)2.928 E F0
+.429(+1 ... are renamed to)B F1 .429($1 ....)2.929 F F0 -.15(Pa)5.429 G
+.429(rameters represented by the num-).15 F(bers)144 465.6 Q F1($#)2.583
+E F0(do)2.583 E .083(wn to)-.25 F F1($#)2.583 E F0<ad>A F2(n)A F0 .083
+(+1 are unset.)B F2(n)5.443 E F0 .083(must be a non-ne)2.823 F -.05(ga)
+-.15 G(ti).05 E .382 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .082(umber less than or equal to)
+.15 F F1($#)2.582 E F0 5.082(.I)C(f)-5.082 E F2(n)2.942 E F0 .06
+(is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 477.6 R(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0
.06(is not gi)2.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .06(n, it is assumed to be 1.).15 F
(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06(is greater than)2.8 F F1($#)2.56 E F0 2.56
-(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .143(positional parameters are not changed.)144 405.6 R
-.144(The return status is greater than zero if)5.143 F F2(n)3.004 E F0
-.144(is greater than)2.884 F F1($#)2.644 E F0
-(or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 417.6 Q F1(shopt)108 434.4 Q F0([)
+(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .144(positional parameters are not changed.)144 489.6 R
+.144(The return status is greater than zero if)5.144 F F2(n)3.003 E F0
+.143(is greater than)2.883 F F1($#)2.643 E F0
+(or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 501.6 Q F1(shopt)108 518.4 Q F0([)
2.5 E F1(\255pqsu)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6f>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(optname)
--2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 446.4 S .222(ggle the v).8 F .222
+-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 530.4 S .222(ggle the v).8 F .222
(alues of v)-.25 F .222(ariables controlling optional shell beha)-.25 F
(vior)-.2 E 5.222(.W)-.55 G .222(ith no options, or with the)-5.622 F F1
<ad70>2.722 E F0 .721(option, a list of all settable options is display\
-ed, with an indication of whether or not each is set.)144 458.4 R(The)
-144 470.4 Q F1<ad70>2.828 E F0 .327(option causes output to be displaye\
-d in a form that may be reused as input.)2.828 F .327(Other options)
-5.327 F(ha)144 482.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)
--.25 E F1<ad73>144 494.4 Q F0(Enable \(set\) each)26.41 E F2(optname)2.5
-E F0(.)A F1<ad75>144 506.4 Q F0(Disable \(unset\) each)24.74 E F2
-(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad71>144 518.4 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal out\
+ed, with an indication of whether or not each is set.)144 542.4 R(The)
+144 554.4 Q F1<ad70>2.827 E F0 .327(option causes output to be displaye\
+d in a form that may be reused as input.)2.827 F .328(Other options)
+5.328 F(ha)144 566.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)
+-.25 E F1<ad73>144 578.4 Q F0(Enable \(set\) each)26.41 E F2(optname)2.5
+E F0(.)A F1<ad75>144 590.4 Q F0(Disable \(unset\) each)24.74 E F2
+(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad71>144 602.4 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal out\
put \(quiet mode\); the return status indicates whether the)24.74 F F2
-(optname)2.504 E F0(is)2.504 E .256(set or unset.)180 530.4 R .256
-(If multiple)5.256 F F2(optname)2.756 E F0(ar)2.756 E .256
+(optname)2.503 E F0(is)2.503 E .255(set or unset.)180 614.4 R .255
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(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.756(nw).15 G(ith)-2.756 E F1
-<ad71>2.756 E F0 2.755(,t)C .255(he return status is zero if)-2.755 F
-(all)180 542.4 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E F0(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.)
-2.5 E F1<ad6f>144 554.4 Q F0(Restricts the v)25.3 E(alues of)-.25 E F2
+<ad71>2.756 E F0 2.756(,t)C .256(he return status is zero if)-2.756 F
+(all)180 626.4 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E F0(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.)
+2.5 E F1<ad6f>144 638.4 Q F0(Restricts the v)25.3 E(alues of)-.25 E F2
(optname)2.5 E F0(to be those de\214ned for the)2.5 E F1<ad6f>2.5 E F0
-(option to the)2.5 E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .127
-(If either)144 571.2 R F1<ad73>2.627 E F0(or)2.627 E F1<ad75>2.627 E F0
+(option to the)2.5 E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .128
+(If either)144 655.2 R F1<ad73>2.628 E F0(or)2.628 E F1<ad75>2.628 E F0
.127(is used with no)2.627 F F2(optname)2.627 E F0(ar)2.627 E .127
-(guments, the display is limited to those options which)-.18 F 1.024
-(are set or unset, respecti)144 583.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 6.024
-(.U)-.65 G 1.024(nless otherwise noted, the)-6.024 F F1(shopt)3.523 E F0
-1.023(options are disabled \(unset\) by)3.523 F(def)144 595.2 Q(ault.)
+(guments, the display is limited to those options which)-.18 F 1.023
+(are set or unset, respecti)144 667.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 6.023
+(.U)-.65 G 1.024(nless otherwise noted, the)-6.023 F F1(shopt)3.524 E F0
+1.024(options are disabled \(unset\) by)3.524 F(def)144 679.2 Q(ault.)
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-612 R F2(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.545(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.)
-4.045 F .696
+696 R F2(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.544(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.)
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(When setting or unsetting options, the return status is zero unless an)
-144 624 R F2(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .695(alid shell)
--.25 F(option.)144 636 Q(The list of)144 652.8 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0
-(options is:)2.5 E F1(autocd)144 670.8 Q F0 .199
-(If set, a command name that is the name of a directory is e)11.11 F
--.15(xe)-.15 G .2(cuted as if it were the ar).15 F(gu-)-.18 E
-(ment to the)184 682.8 Q F1(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F
-(option is only used by interacti)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E
-F1(cdable_v)144 694.8 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .156(If set, an ar)184 706.8 R .156
-(gument to the)-.18 F F1(cd)2.656 E F0 -.2(bu)2.656 G .155
-(iltin command that is not a directory is assumed to be the).2 F
-(name of a v)184 718.8 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E
-(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q
-(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(15)198.725 E 0 Cg EP
+144 708 R F2(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .696(alid shell)
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+(If set, a command name that is the name of a directory is e)11.11 F
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+(option is only used by interacti)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E
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+(iltin command that is not a directory is assumed to be the).2 F
+(name of a v)184 150 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E
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+1.055
(If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory component in a)
-10.55 F F1(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.988
-(corrected. The)184 96 R 1.488(errors check)3.988 F 1.487
-(ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.987(,a)
--.4 G(nd)-3.987 E .552(one character too man)184 108 R 4.352 -.65(y. I)
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+(corrected. The)184 174 R 1.487(errors check)3.987 F 1.487
+(ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.988(,a)
+-.4 G(nd)-3.988 E .552(one character too man)184 186 R 4.352 -.65(y. I)
-.15 H 3.052(fac).65 G .552
(orrection is found, the corrected \214le name is printed, and)-3.052 F
-(the command proceeds.)184 120 Q(This option is only used by interacti)5
-E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1(checkhash)144 132 Q F0 2.08
-(If set,)184 144 R F1(bash)4.58 E F0 2.079
-(checks that a command found in the hash table e)4.58 F 2.079
-(xists before trying to)-.15 F -.15(exe)184 156 S(cute it.).15 E
+(the command proceeds.)184 198 Q(This option is only used by interacti)5
+E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1(checkhash)144 210 Q F0 2.079
+(If set,)184 222 R F1(bash)4.579 E F0 2.079
+(checks that a command found in the hash table e)4.579 F 2.08
+(xists before trying to)-.15 F -.15(exe)184 234 S(cute it.).15 E
(If a hashed command no longer e)5 E
-(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F1(checkjobs)144 168 Q
-F0 .448(If set,)184 180 R F1(bash)2.948 E F0 .448
-(lists the status of an)2.948 F 2.949(ys)-.15 G .449
-(topped and running jobs before e)-2.949 F .449(xiting an interacti)-.15
-F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.439(shell. If)184 192 R(an)3.439 E 3.439(yj)-.15 G
-.938(obs are running, this causes the e)-3.439 F .938
-(xit to be deferred until a second e)-.15 F .938(xit is)-.15 F 1.456
-(attempted without an interv)184 204 R 1.456(ening command \(see)-.15 F
+(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F1(checkjobs)144 246 Q
+F0 .449(If set,)184 258 R F1(bash)2.949 E F0 .449
+(lists the status of an)2.949 F 2.949(ys)-.15 G .448
+(topped and running jobs before e)-2.949 F .448(xiting an interacti)-.15
+F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.438(shell. If)184 270 R(an)3.438 E 3.438(yj)-.15 G
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+(xit to be deferred until a second e)-.15 F .939(xit is)-.15 F 1.456
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F1 1.456(JOB CONTR)3.956 F(OL)-.3 E F0(abo)3.956 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.956
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E(xiting if an)-.15 E 2.5(yj)-.15 G(obs are stopped.)-2.5 E F1
-(checkwinsize)144 228 Q F0 .797(If set,)184 240 R F1(bash)3.297 E F0
-.797(checks the windo)3.297 F 3.297(ws)-.25 G .796
-(ize after each command and, if necessary)-3.297 F 3.296(,u)-.65 G .796
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+(checkwinsize)144 306 Q F0 .796(If set,)184 318 R F1(bash)3.296 E F0
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+(ize after each command and, if necessary)-3.296 F 3.297(,u)-.65 G .797
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-F1(cmdhist)144 264 Q F0 1.202(If set,)6.11 F F1(bash)3.702 E F0 1.202
+F1(cmdhist)144 342 Q F0 1.202(If set,)6.11 F F1(bash)3.702 E F0 1.202
(attempts to sa)3.702 F 1.502 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 1.202
(ll lines of a multiple-line command in the same history).15 F(entry)184
-276 Q 5(.T)-.65 G(his allo)-5 E
-(ws easy re-editing of multi-line commands.)-.25 E F1(compat31)144 288 Q
-F0 .42(If set,)184 300 R F1(bash)2.92 E F0 .42(changes its beha)2.92 F
-.419(vior to that of v)-.2 F .419(ersion 3.1 with respect to quoted ar)
--.15 F(guments)-.18 E(to the conditional command')184 312 Q 2.5(s=)-.55
-G 2.5(~o)-2.5 G(perator)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1(dirspell)144 324 Q F0 .858
-(If set,)7.77 F F1(bash)3.358 E F0 .858
-(attempts spelling correction on directory names during w)3.358 F .859
+354 Q 5(.T)-.65 G(his allo)-5 E
+(ws easy re-editing of multi-line commands.)-.25 E F1(compat31)144 366 Q
+F0 .419(If set,)184 378 R F1(bash)2.919 E F0 .419(changes its beha)2.919
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(ord completion if)-.1 F
-(the directory name initially supplied does not e)184 336 Q(xist.)-.15 E
-F1(dotglob)144 348 Q F0 .165(If set,)7.77 F F1(bash)2.665 E F0 .165
+(the directory name initially supplied does not e)184 414 Q(xist.)-.15 E
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(includes \214lenames be)2.665 F .165(ginning with a `.)-.15 F 2.665('i)
-.7 G 2.665(nt)-2.665 G .165(he results of pathname e)-2.665 F
-(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(execfail)144 360 Q F0 1.386
-(If set, a non-interacti)7.79 F 1.686 -.15(ve s)-.25 H 1.386
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+(If set, a non-interacti)7.79 F 1.687 -.15(ve s)-.25 H 1.386
(hell will not e).15 F 1.386(xit if it cannot e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
-1.387(cute the \214le speci\214ed as an).15 F(ar)184 372 Q
+1.386(cute the \214le speci\214ed as an).15 F(ar)184 450 Q
(gument to the)-.18 E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command.).2 E
(An interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hell does not e).15 E(xit if)-.15
-E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(expand_aliases)144 384 Q F0
-.717(If set, aliases are e)184 396 R .717(xpanded as described abo)-.15
-F 1.017 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(ALIASES)3.217 E F3(.)A F0 .716
-(This option is enabled)5.217 F(by def)184 408 Q(ault for interacti)-.1
-E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1(extdeb)144 420 Q(ug)-.2 E F0
-(If set, beha)184 432 Q(vior intended for use by deb)-.2 E
-(uggers is enabled:)-.2 E F1(1.)184 444 Q F0(The)28.5 E F1<ad46>4.25 E
-F0 1.75(option to the)4.25 F F1(declar)4.251 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)4.251
-G 1.751(iltin displays the source \214le name and line).2 F
-(number corresponding to each function name supplied as an ar)220 456 Q
-(gument.)-.18 E F1(2.)184 468 Q F0 1.667(If the command run by the)28.5
+E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(expand_aliases)144 462 Q F0
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+F 1.017 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(ALIASES)3.217 E F3(.)A F0 .717
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+E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1(extdeb)144 498 Q(ug)-.2 E F0
+(If set, beha)184 510 Q(vior intended for use by deb)-.2 E
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F F1(DEB)4.167 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.667(trap returns a non-zero v)4.167 F
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-Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1(3.)184 492 Q F0 .84
-(If the command run by the)28.5 F F1(DEB)3.34 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .841
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(cuting in a subroutine \(a shell function or a shell script e).15 F
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(Function tracing is enabled:)28.5 F 1.359
(command substitution, shell functions, and sub-)6.359 F(shells in)220
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-184 576 Q F0 .804(Error tracing is enabled:)28.5 F .805
-(command substitution, shell functions, and subshells)5.804 F(in)220 588
+184 654 Q F0 .805(Error tracing is enabled:)28.5 F .804
+(command substitution, shell functions, and subshells)5.805 F(in)220 666
Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E F4
(command)2.5 E F1(\))2.5 E F0(inherit the)2.5 E F1(ERR)2.5 E(OR)-.3 E F0
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+F1(test)108 360 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1([)108
+372 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(])2.5 E F0 1.15
(Return a status of 0 or 1 depending on the e)6.77 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.15
(luation of the conditional e).25 F(xpression)-.15 E F3 -.2(ex)3.65 G
-(pr).2 E F0 6.15(.E).73 G(ach)-6.15 E 1.187
-(operator and operand must be a separate ar)144 300 R 3.688
-(gument. Expressions)-.18 F 1.188(are composed of the primaries)3.688 F
-1.89(described abo)144 312 R 2.19 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2
-(CONDITION)4.39 E 1.89(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A
-F1(test)6.39 E F0 1.889(does not accept an)4.389 F 4.389(yo)-.15 G 1.889
-(ptions, nor)-4.389 F(does it accept and ignore an ar)144 324 Q
+(pr).2 E F0 6.15(.E).73 G(ach)-6.15 E 1.188
+(operator and operand must be a separate ar)144 384 R 3.688
+(gument. Expressions)-.18 F 1.187(are composed of the primaries)3.688 F
+1.889(described abo)144 396 R 2.189 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2
+(CONDITION)4.389 E 1.889(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A
+F1(test)6.389 E F0 1.89(does not accept an)4.389 F 4.39(yo)-.15 G 1.89
+(ptions, nor)-4.39 F(does it accept and ignore an ar)144 408 Q
(gument of)-.18 E F1<adad>2.5 E F0(as signifying the end of options.)2.5
-E .785(Expressions may be combined using the follo)144 342 R .786
+E .786(Expressions may be combined using the follo)144 426 R .785
(wing operators, listed in decreasing order of prece-)-.25 F 2.5
-(dence. The)144 354 R -.25(eva)2.5 G
+(dence. The)144 438 R -.25(eva)2.5 G
(luation depends on the number of ar).25 E(guments; see belo)-.18 E -.65
-(w.)-.25 G F1(!)144 366 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0 -.35(Tr)12.6 G
+(w.)-.25 G F1(!)144 450 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0 -.35(Tr)12.6 G
(ue if).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0(is f)3.23 E(alse.)-.1 E F1(\()
-144 378 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(\))2.5 E F0 .26(Returns the v)6.77
+144 462 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(\))2.5 E F0 .26(Returns the v)6.77
F .26(alue of)-.25 F F3 -.2(ex)2.76 G(pr).2 E F0 5.26(.T)C .26
(his may be used to o)-5.26 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .26
-(rride the normal precedence of opera-).15 F(tors.)180 390 Q F3 -.2(ex)
-144 4
02 S(pr1).2 E F0<ad>2.5 E F1(a)A F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35
-(Tr)180 414 S(ue if both).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(and)2.5 E F3
--.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(are true.)2.52 E F3 -.2(ex)144 426 S(pr1).2 E
-F0<ad>2.5 E F1(o)A F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35(Tr)180 438 S
+(rride the normal precedence of opera-).15 F(tors.)180 474 Q F3 -.2(ex)
+144 4
86 S(pr1).2 E F0<ad>2.5 E F1(a)A F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35
+(Tr)180 498 S(ue if both).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(and)2.5 E F3
+-.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(are true.)2.52 E F3 -.2(ex)144 510 S(pr1).2 E
+F0<ad>2.5 E F1(o)A F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35(Tr)180 522 S
(ue if either).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(or)2.5 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G
-(pr2).2 E F0(is true.)2.52 E F1(test)144 454.8 Q F0(and)2.5 E F1([)2.5 E
+(pr2).2 E F0(is true.)2.52 E F1(test)144 538.8 Q F0(and)2.5 E F1([)2.5 E
F0 -.25(eva)2.5 G(luate conditional e).25 E
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-(guments.)-.18 E 2.5(0a)144 472.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E(The e)
-180 484.8 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(1a)144 496.8 S -.18
-(rg)-2.5 G(ument).18 E(The e)180 508.8 Q
+(guments.)-.18 E 2.5(0a)144 556.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E(The e)
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(xpression is true if and only if the ar)-.15 E(gument is not null.)-.18
-E 2.5(2a)144 520.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .37(If the \214rst ar)
-180 532.8 R .37(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.87 E F0 2.87(,t)C .37(he e)-2.87
+E 2.5(2a)144 604.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .37(If the \214rst ar)
+180 616.8 R .37(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.87 E F0 2.87(,t)C .37(he e)-2.87
F .37(xpression is true if and only if the second ar)-.15 F .37
-(gument is null.)-.18 F .38(If the \214rst ar)180 544.8 R .38
-(gument is one of the unary conditional operators listed abo)-.18 F .679
--.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(CONDI-)2.879 E(TION)180 556.8 Q .552
+(gument is null.)-.18 F .379(If the \214rst ar)180 628.8 R .38
+(gument is one of the unary conditional operators listed abo)-.18 F .68
+-.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(CONDI-)2.88 E(TION)180 640.8 Q .553
(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F F4(,)A F0 .552(the e)2.802 F .552
(xpression is true if the unary test is true.)-.15 F .552
-(If the \214rst ar)5.552 F(gu-)-.18 E(ment is not a v)180 568.8 Q
+(If the \214rst ar)5.552 F(gu-)-.18 E(ment is not a v)180 652.8 Q
(alid unary conditional operator)-.25 E 2.5(,t)-.4 G(he e)-2.5 E
-(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(3a)144 580.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G
-(uments).18 E .024(If the second ar)180 592.8 R .023
+(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(3a)144 664.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G
+(uments).18 E .023(If the second ar)180 676.8 R .023
(gument is one of the binary conditional operators listed abo)-.18 F
-.323 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(CON-)2.523 E(DITION)180 604.8 Q
-1.477(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F F4(,)A F0 1.477(the result of the e)3.727 F
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-(using the \214rst and third ar)180 616.8 R .513(guments as operands.)
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-(binary operators when there are three ar)180 628.8 R 3.472(guments. If)
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+(binary operators when there are three ar)180 712.8 R 3.472(guments. If)
-.18 F .972(the \214rst ar)3.472 F .972(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)3.472 E F0
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-R -.05(ga)-.15 G .884(tion of the tw).05 F(o-ar)-.1 E .884
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-F .883(the \214rst)3.383 F(ar)180 652.8 Q .874(gument is e)-.18 F
-(xactly)-.15 E F1(\()3.374 E F0 .875(and the third ar)3.374 F .875
-(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(\))3.375 E F0 3.375(,t)C .875
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-180 664.8 Q 2.5(gument. Otherwise,)-.18 F(the e)2.5 E(xpression is f)
--.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(4a)144 676.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .385
-(If the \214rst ar)180 688.8 R .385(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.885 E F0
-2.885(,t)C .385(he result is the ne)-2.885 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .384
-(tion of the three-ar).05 F .384(gument e)-.18 F .384(xpression com-)
--.15 F 1.647(posed of the remaining ar)180 700.8 R 4.147
-(guments. Otherwise,)-.18 F 1.647(the e)4.147 F 1.648
-(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G(luated).25 E
-(according to precedence using the rules listed abo)180 712.8 Q -.15(ve)
--.15 G(.).15 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(18)198.725 E
-0 Cg EP
+3.472(,t)C .972(he v)-3.472 F .972(alue is)-.25 F .883(the ne)180 724.8
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+(gument test using the second and third ar)-.18 F 3.384(guments. If)-.18
+F .884(the \214rst)3.384 F(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E
+(18)198.725 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 19 19
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48
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-84 S 2.5(rm)-2.5 G(ore ar)-2.5 E(guments)-.18 E 1.635(The e)180 96 R
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-(luated according to precedence using the rules listed).25 F(abo)180 108
-Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(times)108 124.8 Q F0
-1.229(Print the accumulated user and system times for the shell and for\
- processes run from the shell.)13.23 F(The return status is 0.)144 136.8
-Q F1(trap)108 153.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lp)A F0 2.5(][)C([)-2.5 E/F2 10
+(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E(ar)180 84 Q
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+F1(\))3.375 E F0 3.374(,t)C .874(he result is the one-ar)-3.374 F
+(gument)-.18 E(test of the second ar)180 96 Q 2.5(gument. Otherwise,)
+-.18 F(the e)2.5 E(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(4a)144 108 S
+-.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .384(If the \214rst ar)180 120 R .384
+(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.884 E F0 2.885(,t)C .385(he result is the ne)
+-2.885 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .385(tion of the three-ar).05 F .385(gument e)
+-.18 F .385(xpression com-)-.15 F 1.648(posed of the remaining ar)180
+132 R 4.147(guments. Otherwise,)-.18 F 1.647(the e)4.147 F 1.647
+(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G(luated).25 E
+(according to precedence using the rules listed abo)180 144 Q -.15(ve)
+-.15 G(.).15 E 2.5(5o)144 156 S 2.5(rm)-2.5 G(ore ar)-2.5 E(guments)-.18
+E 1.635(The e)180 168 R 1.635(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va)
+-.25 G 1.635(luated according to precedence using the rules listed).25 F
+(abo)180 180 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F1(times)108 196.8 Q F0 1.229(Pri\
+nt the accumulated user and system times for the shell and for processe\
+s run from the shell.)13.23 F(The return status is 0.)144 208.8 Q F1
+(trap)108 225.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lp)A F0 2.5(][)C([)-2.5 E/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(])A F2(sigspec)2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E
-.703(The command)144 165.6 R F2(ar)3.533 E(g)-.37 E F0 .703
-(is to be read and e)3.423 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .702
-(cuted when the shell recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.202(ss).15 G
-(ignal\(s\))-3.202 E F2(sigspec)3.202 E F0 5.702(.I).31 G(f)-5.702 E F2
-(ar)3.532 E(g)-.37 E F0(is)3.422 E .608(absent \(and there is a single)
-144
177.6 R F2(sigspec)3.108 E F0 3.108(\)o)C(r)-3.108 E F1<ad>3.108 E
+.702(The command)144 237.6 R F2(ar)3.532 E(g)-.37 E F0 .702
+(is to be read and e)3.422 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .702
+(cuted when the shell recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.203(ss).15 G
+(ignal\(s\))-3.203 E F2(sigspec)3.203 E F0 5.703(.I).31 G(f)-5.703 E F2
+(ar)3.533 E(g)-.37 E F0(is)3.423 E .609(absent \(and there is a single)
+144
249.6 R F2(sigspec)3.108 E F0 3.108(\)o)C(r)-3.108 E F1<ad>3.108 E
F0 3.108(,e)C .608
(ach speci\214ed signal is reset to its original disposition)-3.108 F
-.659(\(the v)144 189.6 R .659(alue it had upon entrance to the shell\).)
--.25 F(If)5.658 E F2(ar)3.488 E(g)-.37 E F0 .658
+.658(\(the v)144 261.6 R .658(alue it had upon entrance to the shell\).)
+-.25 F(If)5.658 E F2(ar)3.488 E(g)-.37 E F0 .659
(is the null string the signal speci\214ed by each)3.378 F F2(sigspec)
-144.34 201.6 Q F0 .58(is ignored by the shell and by the commands it in)
-3.39 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.081(s. If).1 F F2(ar)3.411 E(g)-.37 E
-F0 .581(is not present and)3.301 F F1<ad70>3.081 E F0(has)3.081 E 1.215
-(been supplied, then the trap commands associated with each)144 213.6 R
-F2(sigspec)4.054 E F0 1.214(are displayed.)4.024 F 1.214(If no ar)6.214
-F(gu-)-.18 E .86(ments are supplied or if only)144 225.6 R F1<ad70>3.36
+144.34 273.6 Q F0 .581
+(is ignored by the shell and by the commands it in)3.391 F -.2(vo)-.4 G
+-.1(ke).2 G 3.08(s. If).1 F F2(ar)3.41 E(g)-.37 E F0 .58
+(is not present and)3.3 F F1<ad70>3.08 E F0(has)3.08 E 1.214
+(been supplied, then the trap commands associated with each)144 285.6 R
+F2(sigspec)4.054 E F0 1.215(are displayed.)4.024 F 1.215(If no ar)6.215
+F(gu-)-.18 E .86(ments are supplied or if only)144 297.6 R F1<ad70>3.36
E F0 .86(is gi)3.36 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n,).15 E F1(trap)3.36 E F0 .86
(prints the list of commands associated with each)3.36 F 2.83
-(signal. The)144
237.6 R F1<ad6c>2.83 E F0 .33(option causes the shell \
-to print a list of signal names and their corresponding num-)2.83 F 4.31
-(bers. Each)144 249.6 R F2(sigspec)4.65 E F0 1.811
-(is either a signal name de\214ned in <)4.62 F F2(signal.h)A F0 1.811
-(>, or a signal number)B 6.811(.S)-.55 G(ignal)-6.811 E
-(names are case insensiti)144 261.6 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H
-(nd the SIG pre\214x is optional.).15 E 1.649(If a)144 279.6 R F2
-(sigspec)4.489 E F0(is)4.459 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(EXIT)4.149 E F0
-1.649(\(0\) the command)3.899 F F2(ar)4.479 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.649(is e)
-4.369 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.649(cuted on e).15 F 1.648(xit from the shell.)
--.15 F 1.648(If a)6.648 F F2(sigspec)4.488 E F0(is)4.458 E F3(DEB)144
-291.6 Q(UG)-.09 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 1.167(the command)3.417 F
-F2(ar)3.997 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.167(is e)3.887 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.167
-(cuted before e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E F2 1.168(simple command)
-3.667 F F0(,)A F2(for)3.668 E F0(command,)3.668 E F2(case)3.668 E F0
-(com-)3.668 E(mand,)144 303.6 Q F2(select)2.647 E F0 .147(command, e)
-2.647 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .147(ry arithmetic).15 F F2(for)2.647 E F0 .146
-(command, and before the \214rst command e)2.647 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .146
-(cutes in a).15 F .145(shell function \(see)144 315.6 R F3 .145
-(SHELL GRAMMAR)2.645 F F0(abo)2.395 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.646(\). Refer).15
-F .146(to the description of the)2.646 F F1(extdeb)2.646 E(ug)-.2 E F0
-.146(option to)2.646 F(the)144 327.6 Q F1(shopt)3.201 E F0 -.2(bu)3.201
-G .7(iltin for details of its ef).2 F .7(fect on the)-.25 F F1(DEB)3.2 E
-(UG)-.1 E F0 3.2(trap. If)3.2 F(a)3.2 E F2(sigspec)3.54 E F0(is)3.51 E
-F3(RETURN)3.2 E F4(,)A F0 .7(the com-)2.95 F(mand)144 339.6 Q F2(ar)
-3.473 E(g)-.37 E F0 .643(is e)3.363 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .643
+(signal. The)144
309.6 R F1<ad6c>2.83 E F0 .33(option causes the shell \
+to print a list of signal names and their corresponding num-)2.83 F
+4.311(bers. Each)144 321.6 R F2(sigspec)4.651 E F0 1.811
+(is either a signal name de\214ned in <)4.621 F F2(signal.h)A F0 1.81
+(>, or a signal number)B 6.81(.S)-.55 G(ignal)-6.81 E
+(names are case insensiti)144 333.6 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H
+(nd the SIG pre\214x is optional.).15 E 1.648(If a)144 351.6 R F2
+(sigspec)4.488 E F0(is)4.458 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(EXIT)4.148 E F0
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+4.369 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.649(cuted on e).15 F 1.649(xit from the shell.)
+-.15 F 1.649(If a)6.649 F F2(sigspec)4.489 E F0(is)4.459 E F3(DEB)144
+363.6 Q(UG)-.09 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 1.168(the command)3.418 F
+F2(ar)3.998 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.168(is e)3.888 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.167
+(cuted before e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E F2 1.167(simple command)
+3.667 F F0(,)A F2(for)3.667 E F0(command,)3.667 E F2(case)3.667 E F0
+(com-)3.667 E(mand,)144 375.6 Q F2(select)2.646 E F0 .146(command, e)
+2.646 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .146(ry arithmetic).15 F F2(for)2.646 E F0 .147
+(command, and before the \214rst command e)2.646 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .147
+(cutes in a).15 F .146(shell function \(see)144 387.6 R F3 .146
+(SHELL GRAMMAR)2.646 F F0(abo)2.396 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.646(\). Refer).15
+F .146(to the description of the)2.646 F F1(extdeb)2.645 E(ug)-.2 E F0
+.145(option to)2.645 F(the)144 399.6 Q F1(shopt)3.2 E F0 -.2(bu)3.2 G .7
+(iltin for details of its ef).2 F .7(fect on the)-.25 F F1(DEB)3.2 E(UG)
+-.1 E F0 3.2(trap. If)3.2 F(a)3.2 E F2(sigspec)3.54 E F0(is)3.51 E F3
+(RETURN)3.2 E F4(,)A F0 .701(the com-)2.951 F(mand)144 411.6 Q F2(ar)
+3.474 E(g)-.37 E F0 .644(is e)3.364 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .643
(cuted each time a shell function or a script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
-.644(cuted with the).15 F F1(.)3.144 E F0(or)3.144 E F1(sour)3.144 E(ce)
--.18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.144 G(iltins).2 E(\214nishes e)144 351.6 Q -.15(xe)
--.15 G(cuting.).15 E .929(If a)144 369.6 R F2(sigspec)3.769 E F0(is)
-3.739 E F3(ERR)3.429 E F4(,)A F0 .929(the command)3.179 F F2(ar)3.759 E
+.643(cuted with the).15 F F1(.)3.143 E F0(or)3.143 E F1(sour)3.143 E(ce)
+-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.143 G(iltins).2 E(\214nishes e)144 423.6 Q -.15(xe)
+-.15 G(cuting.).15 E .928(If a)144 441.6 R F2(sigspec)3.768 E F0(is)
+3.738 E F3(ERR)3.429 E F4(,)A F0 .929(the command)3.179 F F2(ar)3.759 E
(g)-.37 E F0 .929(is e)3.649 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .929(cuted whene).15 F
--.15(ve)-.25 G 3.429(ras).15 G .928(imple command has a non\255zero)
--3.429 F -.15(ex)144 381.6 S 1.008(it status, subject to the follo).15 F
+-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.429(ras).15 G .929(imple command has a non\255zero)
+-3.429 F -.15(ex)144 453.6 S 1.009(it status, subject to the follo).15 F
1.009(wing conditions.)-.25 F(The)6.009 E F3(ERR)3.509 E F0 1.009
-(trap is not e)3.259 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.009(cuted if the f).15 F 1.009
+(trap is not e)3.259 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.008(cuted if the f).15 F 1.008
(ailed com-)-.1 F .324
-(mand is part of the command list immediately follo)144 393.6 R .324
+(mand is part of the command list immediately follo)144 465.6 R .324
(wing a)-.25 F F1(while)2.824 E F0(or)2.824 E F1(until)2.824 E F0 -.1
-(ke)2.824 G(yw)-.05 E .324(ord, part of the test)-.1 F 1.128(in an)144
-405.6 R F2(if)3.639 E F0 1.129(statement, part of a command e)5.589 F
+(ke)2.824 G(yw)-.05 E .324(ord, part of the test)-.1 F 1.129(in an)144
+477.6 R F2(if)3.639 E F0 1.129(statement, part of a command e)5.589 F
-.15(xe)-.15 G 1.129(cuted in a).15 F F1(&&)3.629 E F0(or)3.629 E/F5 10
-/Symbol SF<efef>3.629 E F0 1.129(list, or if the command')3.629 F 3.629
-(sr)-.55 G(eturn)-3.629 E -.25(va)144 417.6 S(lue is being in).25 E -.15
+/Symbol SF<efef>3.629 E F0 1.129(list, or if the command')3.629 F 3.628
+(sr)-.55 G(eturn)-3.628 E -.25(va)144 489.6 S(lue is being in).25 E -.15
(ve)-.4 G(rted via).15 E F1(!)2.5 E F0 5(.T)C
(hese are the same conditions obe)-5 E(yed by the)-.15 E F1(err)2.5 E
(exit)-.18 E F0(option.)2.5 E 1.095
(Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset.)144
-435.6 R -.35(Tr)6.095 G 1.095(apped signals that are not).35 F .662
-(being ignored are reset to their original v)144 447.6 R .662
-(alues in a subshell or subshell en)-.25 F .662(vironment when one is)
--.4 F 2.5(created. The)144 459.6 R(return status is f)2.5 E(alse if an)
+507.6 R -.35(Tr)6.095 G 1.095(apped signals that are not).35 F .662
+(being ignored are reset to their original v)144 519.6 R .662
+(alues in a subshell or subshell en)-.25 F .661(vironment when one is)
+-.4 F 2.5(created. The)144 531.6 R(return status is f)2.5 E(alse if an)
-.1 E(y)-.15 E F2(sigspec)2.84 E F0(is in)2.81 E -.25(va)-.4 G
(lid; otherwise).25 E F1(trap)2.5 E F0(returns true.)2.5 E F1(type)108
-476.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aftpP)A F0(])A F2(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2
-(name)A F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 488.4 S .174
-(th no options, indicate ho).4 F 2.674(we)-.25 G(ach)-2.674 E F2(name)
-3.034 E F0 -.1(wo)2.854 G .173
-(uld be interpreted if used as a command name.).1 F .173(If the)5.173 F
-F1<ad74>144 500.4 Q F0 .842(option is used,)3.342 F F1(type)3.342 E F0
+548.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aftpP)A F0(])A F2(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2
+(name)A F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 560.4 S .173
+(th no options, indicate ho).4 F 2.673(we)-.25 G(ach)-2.673 E F2(name)
+3.033 E F0 -.1(wo)2.853 G .174
+(uld be interpreted if used as a command name.).1 F .174(If the)5.174 F
+F1<ad74>144 572.4 Q F0 .843(option is used,)3.343 F F1(type)3.343 E F0
.843(prints a string which is one of)3.343 F F2(alias)3.343 E F0(,).27 E
F2 -.1(ke)3.343 G(ywor)-.2 E(d)-.37 E F0(,).77 E F2(function)3.343 E F0
-(,).24 E F2 -.2(bu)3.343 G(iltin).2 E F0 3.343(,o).24 G(r)-3.343 E F2
-(\214le)5.253 E F0(if)3.523 E F2(name)144.36 512.4 Q F0 .087
-(is an alias, shell reserv)2.767 F .087(ed w)-.15 F .087
-(ord, function, b)-.1 F .086(uiltin, or disk \214le, respecti)-.2 F -.15
-(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.086(.I)-.65 G 2.586(ft)-5.086 G(he)-2.586 E F2
-(name)2.946 E F0 .086(is not)2.766 F .118
-(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 524.4 R .118
-(xit status of f)-.15 F .118(alse is returned.)-.1 F .119(If the)5.119 F
-F1<ad70>2.619 E F0 .119(option is used,)2.619 F F1(type)2.619 E F0 .855
-(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 536.4 R .855
+(,).24 E F2 -.2(bu)3.342 G(iltin).2 E F0 3.342(,o).24 G(r)-3.342 E F2
+(\214le)5.252 E F0(if)3.522 E F2(name)144.36 584.4 Q F0 .086
+(is an alias, shell reserv)2.766 F .086(ed w)-.15 F .086
+(ord, function, b)-.1 F .087(uiltin, or disk \214le, respecti)-.2 F -.15
+(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.087(.I)-.65 G 2.587(ft)-5.087 G(he)-2.587 E F2
+(name)2.947 E F0 .087(is not)2.767 F .119
+(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 596.4 R .118
+(xit status of f)-.15 F .118(alse is returned.)-.1 F .118(If the)5.118 F
+F1<ad70>2.618 E F0 .118(option is used,)2.618 F F1(type)2.618 E F0 .855
+(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 608.4 R .855
(ould be e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .855(cuted if).15 F F2(name)3.715 E F0
-.855(were speci\214ed as a com-)3.535 F .64(mand name, or nothing if)144
-548.4 R/F6 10/Courier@0 SF .64(type -t name)3.14 F F0 -.1(wo)3.14 G .641
-(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)3.141 E F0 5.641(.T).18 G(he)-5.641 E F1
-<ad50>3.141 E F0 .641(option forces a)3.141 F F3 -.666(PA)3.141 G(TH)
--.189 E F0 .113(search for each)144 560.4 R F2(name)2.613 E F0 2.613(,e)
-C -.15(ve)-2.863 G 2.613(ni).15 G(f)-2.613 E F6 .113(type -t name)2.613
-F F0 -.1(wo)2.613 G .113(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)2.613 E F0 5.113
-(.I).18 G 2.613(fa)-5.113 G .112(command is hashed,)-.001 F F1<ad70>
-2.612 E F0(and)144 572.4 Q F1<ad50>2.944 E F0 .444(print the hashed v)
-2.944 F .444(alue, not necessarily the \214le that appears \214rst in)
--.25 F F3 -.666(PA)2.945 G(TH)-.189 E F4(.)A F0 .445(If the)4.945 F F1
-<ad61>2.945 E F0(option)2.945 E .265(is used,)144 584.4 R F1(type)2.765
-E F0 .265(prints all of the places that contain an e)2.765 F -.15(xe)
--.15 G .265(cutable named).15 F F2(name)2.765 E F0 5.265(.T).18 G .265
-(his includes aliases)-5.265 F .426(and functions, if and only if the)
-144
596.4 R F1<ad70>2.926 E F0 .426(option is not also used.)2.926 F
-.427(The table of hashed commands is not)5.426 F .549
-(consulted when using)144 608.4 R F1<ad61>3.049 E F0 5.549(.T)C(he)
--5.549 E F1<ad66>3.049 E F0 .548
-(option suppresses shell function lookup, as with the)3.049 F F1
-(command)3.048 E F0 -.2(bu)144 620.4 S(iltin.).2 E F1(type)5 E F0
+.855(were speci\214ed as a com-)3.535 F .641(mand name, or nothing if)
+144 620.4 R/F6 10/Courier@0 SF .641(type -t name)3.141 F F0 -.1(wo)3.141
+G .641(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)3.14 E F0 5.64(.T).18 G(he)-5.64 E
+F1<ad50>3.14 E F0 .64(option forces a)3.14 F F3 -.666(PA)3.14 G(TH)-.189
+E F0 .112(search for each)144 632.4 R F2(name)2.612 E F0 2.612(,e)C -.15
+(ve)-2.862 G 2.613(ni).15 G(f)-2.613 E F6 .113(type -t name)2.613 F F0
+-.1(wo)2.613 G .113(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)2.613 E F0 5.113(.I)
+.18 G 2.613(fac)-5.113 G .113(ommand is hashed,)-2.613 F F1<ad70>2.613 E
+F0(and)144 644.4 Q F1<ad50>2.945 E F0 .445(print the hashed v)2.945 F
+.444(alue, not necessarily the \214le that appears \214rst in)-.25 F F3
+-.666(PA)2.944 G(TH)-.189 E F4(.)A F0 .444(If the)4.944 F F1<ad61>2.944
+E F0(option)2.944 E .265(is used,)144 656.4 R F1(type)2.765 E F0 .265
+(prints all of the places that contain an e)2.765 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .265
+(cutable named).15 F F2(name)2.765 E F0 5.265(.T).18 G .265
+(his includes aliases)-5.265 F .427(and functions, if and only if the)
+144
668.4 R F1<ad70>2.926 E F0 .426(option is not also used.)2.926 F
+.426(The table of hashed commands is not)5.426 F .548
+(consulted when using)144 680.4 R F1<ad61>3.048 E F0 5.548(.T)C(he)
+-5.548 E F1<ad66>3.048 E F0 .549
+(option suppresses shell function lookup, as with the)3.048 F F1
+(command)3.049 E F0 -.2(bu)144 692.4 S(iltin.).2 E F1(type)5 E F0
(returns true if all of the ar)2.5 E(guments are found, f)-.18 E
-(alse if an)-.1 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re not found.)-2.5 E F1(ulimit)108 637.2
-Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255HST)A(abcde\214lmnpqrstuvx)-.92 E F0([)2.5 E F2
-(limit)A F0(]])A(Pro)144 649.2 Q .243(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve)
--.15 G 2.743(rt).15 G .243(he resources a)-2.743 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244
+(alse if an)-.1 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re not found.)-2.5 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768
+Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(19)198.725 E 0 Cg EP
+%%Page: 20 20
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+/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48
+(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10
+/Times-Bold@0 SF(ulimit)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255HST)A
+(abcde\214lmnpqrstuvx)-.92 E F0([)2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(limit)A
+F0(]])A(Pro)144 96 Q .244(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.744
+(rt).15 G .244(he resources a)-2.744 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244
(ilable to the shell and to processes started by it, on systems).25 F
-.944(that allo)144 661.2 R 3.444(ws)-.25 G .944(uch control.)-3.444 F
-(The)5.944 E F1<ad48>3.444 E F0(and)3.444 E F1<ad53>3.444 E F0 .943
+.943(that allo)144 108 R 3.443(ws)-.25 G .943(uch control.)-3.443 F(The)
+5.943 E F1<ad48>3.443 E F0(and)3.443 E F1<ad53>3.444 E F0 .944
(options specify that the hard or soft limit is set for the)3.444 F(gi)
-144 673.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.708(nr).15 G 2.708(esource. A)-2.708 F .208
-(hard limit cannot be increased by a non-root user once it is set; a so\
-ft limit may)2.708 F .426(be increased up to the v)144 685.2 R .426
-(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .425(If neither)5.426 F F1<ad48>2.925 E
-F0(nor)2.925 E F1<ad53>2.925 E F0 .425
-(is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.925 F .139(hard limits are set.)144
-697.2 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F2(limit)2.729 E F0 .139
+144 120 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.709(nr).15 G 2.709(esource. A)-2.709 F .208(\
+hard limit cannot be increased by a non-root user once it is set; a sof\
+t limit may)2.709 F .425(be increased up to the v)144 132 R .425
+(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .426(If neither)5.425 F F1<ad48>2.926 E
+F0(nor)2.926 E F1<ad53>2.926 E F0 .426
+(is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.926 F .139(hard limits are set.)144
+144 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F2(limit)2.729 E F0 .139
(can be a number in the unit speci\214ed for the resource or one)3.319 F
-.742(of the special v)144 709.2 R(alues)-.25 E F1(hard)3.242 E F0(,)A F1
+.741(of the special v)144 156 R(alues)-.25 E F1(hard)3.241 E F0(,)A F1
(soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F1(unlimited)3.241 E F0 3.241(,w)
C .741(hich stand for the current hard limit, the current)-3.241 F .78
-(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 721.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E
+(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 168 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E
5.78(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.78 E F2(limit)3.37 E F0 .78
(is omitted, the current v)3.96 F .78(alue of the soft limit of the)-.25
-F(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(19)198.725 E 0 Cg EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48
-(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .499
-(resource is printed, unless the)144 84 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad48>
-2.999 E F0 .499(option is gi)2.999 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.999(n. When).15 F
-.498(more than one resource is speci\214ed, the)2.999 F
-(limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 96 Q 2.5(alue. Other)
--.25 F(options are interpreted as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 108
-Q F0(All current limits are reported)25.3 E F1<ad62>144 120 Q F0
+F .498(resource is printed, unless the)144 180 R F1<ad48>2.999 E F0 .499
+(option is gi)2.999 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.999(n. When).15 F .499
+(more than one resource is speci\214ed, the)2.999 F
+(limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 192 Q 2.5(alue. Other)
+-.25 F(options are interpreted as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 204
+Q F0(All current limits are reported)25.3 E F1<ad62>144 216 Q F0
(The maximum sock)24.74 E(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E(fer size)-.25 E F1<ad63>
-144
132 Q F0(The maximum size of core \214les created)25.86 E F1<ad64>
-144 144 Q F0(The maximum size of a process')24.74 E 2.5(sd)-.55 G
-(ata se)-2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F1<ad65>144 156 Q F0
-(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))25.86 E F1<ad66>144 168 Q F0
+144
228 Q F0(The maximum size of core \214les created)25.86 E F1<ad64>
+144 240 Q F0(The maximum size of a process')24.74 E 2.5(sd)-.55 G
+(ata se)-2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F1<ad65>144 252 Q F0
+(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))25.86 E F1<ad66>144 264 Q F0
(The maximum size of \214les written by the shell and its children)26.97
-E F1<ad69>144 180 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)27.52 E F1
-<ad6c>144 192 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)27.52 E
-(ed into memory)-.1 E F1<ad6d>144 204 Q F0
+E F1<ad69>144 276 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)27.52 E F1
+<ad6c>144 288 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)27.52 E
+(ed into memory)-.1 E F1<ad6d>144 300 Q F0
(The maximum resident set size \(man)21.97 E 2.5(ys)-.15 G
-(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F1<ad6e>144 216 Q F0 .791(The \
+(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F1<ad6e>144 312 Q F0 .791(The \
maximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do not allo)
-24.74 F 3.291(wt)-.25 G .791(his v)-3.291 F .791(alue to)-.25 F
-(be set\))180 228 Q F1<ad70>144 240 Q F0
+24.74 F 3.29(wt)-.25 G .79(his v)-3.29 F .79(alue to)-.25 F(be set\))180
+324 Q F1<ad70>144 336 Q F0
(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))24.74 E F1
-<ad71>144 252 Q F0(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)
-24.74 E F1<ad72>144 264 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)
-25.86 E F1<ad73>144
276 Q F0(The maximum stack size)26.41 E F1<ad74>144
-
288 Q F0(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)26.97 E F1<ad75>144
-300 Q F0(The maximum number of processes a)24.74 E -.25(va)-.2 G
-(ilable to a single user).25 E F1<ad76>144 312 Q F0
+<ad71>144 348 Q F0(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)
+24.74 E F1<ad72>144 360 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)
+25.86 E F1<ad73>144
372 Q F0(The maximum stack size)26.41 E F1<ad74>144
+
384 Q F0(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)26.97 E F1<ad75>144
+396 Q F0(The maximum number of processes a)24.74 E -.25(va)-.2 G
+(ilable to a single user).25 E F1<ad76>144 408 Q F0
(The maximum amount of virtual memory a)25.3 E -.25(va)-.2 G
-(ilable to the shell).25 E F1<ad78>144 324 Q F0
-(The maximum number of \214le locks)25.3 E F1<ad54>144 336 Q F0
-(The maximum number of threads)23.63 E(If)144 352.8 Q/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(limit)2.933 E F0 .343(is gi)3.523 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-.343(n, it is the ne).15 F 2.843(wv)-.25 G .343
-(alue of the speci\214ed resource \(the)-3.093 F F1<ad61>2.843 E F0 .343
-(option is display only\).)2.843 F .343(If no)5.343 F .175(option is gi)
-144 364.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .175(n, then).15 F F1<ad66>2.675 E F0 .175
-(is assumed.)2.675 F -1.11(Va)5.175 G .175
-(lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .176(xcept for)-.15 F F1
-<ad74>2.676 E F0 2.676(,w)C .176(hich is in)-2.676 F(seconds,)144 376.8
-Q F1<ad70>2.516 E F0 2.516(,w)C .016
-(hich is in units of 512-byte blocks, and)-2.516 F F1<ad54>2.516 E F0(,)
-A F1<ad62>2.515 E F0(,)A F1<ad6e>2.515 E F0 2.515(,a)C(nd)-2.515 E F1
-<ad75>2.515 E F0 2.515(,w)C .015(hich are unscaled v)-2.515 F(al-)-.25 E
-3.787(ues. The)144 388.8 R 1.287(return status is 0 unless an in)3.787 F
+(ilable to the shell).25 E F1<ad78>144 420 Q F0
+(The maximum number of \214le locks)25.3 E F1<ad54>144 432 Q F0
+(The maximum number of threads)23.63 E(If)144 448.8 Q F2(limit)2.933 E
+F0 .343(is gi)3.523 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .343(n, it is the ne).15 F 2.843
+(wv)-.25 G .343(alue of the speci\214ed resource \(the)-3.093 F F1<ad61>
+2.843 E F0 .343(option is display only\).)2.843 F .343(If no)5.343 F
+.176(option is gi)144 460.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .176(n, then).15 F F1<ad66>
+2.676 E F0 .175(is assumed.)2.676 F -1.11(Va)5.175 G .175
+(lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .175(xcept for)-.15 F F1
+<ad74>2.675 E F0 2.675(,w)C .175(hich is in)-2.675 F(seconds,)144 472.8
+Q F1<ad70>2.515 E F0 2.515(,w)C .015
+(hich is in units of 512-byte blocks, and)-2.515 F F1<ad54>2.516 E F0(,)
+A F1<ad62>2.516 E F0(,)A F1<ad6e>2.516 E F0 2.516(,a)C(nd)-2.516 E F1
+<ad75>2.516 E F0 2.516(,w)C .016(hich are unscaled v)-2.516 F(al-)-.25 E
+3.788(ues. The)144 484.8 R 1.287(return status is 0 unless an in)3.787 F
-.25(va)-.4 G 1.287(lid option or ar).25 F 1.287
(gument is supplied, or an error occurs)-.18 F(while setting a ne)144
-400.8 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(imit.)-2.5 E F1(umask)108 417.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1
+496.8 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(imit.)-2.5 E F1(umask)108 513.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1
<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad53>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(mode)-2.5 E F0(])A .2
-(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 429.6 R F2(mode)2.7 E F0
+(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 525.6 R F2(mode)2.7 E F0
5.2(.I).18 G(f)-5.2 E F2(mode)3.08 E F0(be)2.88 E .2
(gins with a digit, it is interpreted as an octal)-.15 F .066(number; o\
therwise it is interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that acce\
-pted by)144 441.6 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144
-453.6 Q F2(mode)3.263 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.063 F .382
+pted by)144 537.6 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144
+549.6 Q F2(mode)3.262 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.062 F .382
(alue of the mask is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.382 E F1<ad53>2.882 E F0 .382
(option causes the mask to be)2.882 F .547
-(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 465.6 R .547
+(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 561.6 R .547
(ault output is an octal number)-.1 F 5.547(.I)-.55 G 3.047(ft)-5.547 G
(he)-3.047 E F1<ad70>3.047 E F0 .547(option is supplied, and)3.047 F F2
-(mode)144.38 477.6 Q F0 .552
-(is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.)3.232
-F .551(The return status is 0 if the)5.551 F(mode w)144 489.6 Q
+(mode)144.38 573.6 Q F0 .551
+(is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.)3.231
+F .552(The return status is 0 if the)5.552 F(mode w)144 585.6 Q
(as successfully changed or if no)-.1 E F2(mode)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E
(gument w)-.18 E(as supplied, and f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F1
-(unalias)108 506.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0
-(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 518.4 Q 1.955 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(name)
+(unalias)108 602.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0
+(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 614.4 Q 1.955 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(name)
4.155 E F0 1.655(from the list of de\214ned aliases.)4.155 F(If)6.655 E
F1<ad61>4.155 E F0 1.655(is supplied, all alias de\214nitions are)4.155
-F(remo)144 530.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E
+F(remo)144 626.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E
(alue is true unless a supplied)-.25 E F2(name)2.86 E F0
-(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F1(unset)108 547.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1
-(fv)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 559.2 S 3.107
-(re).15 G(ach)-3.107 E F2(name)3.107 E F0 3.107(,r).18 G(emo)-3.107 E
-.907 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .607(he corresponding v).15 F .607
-(ariable or function.)-.25 F .606(If no options are supplied, or the)
-5.607 F F1<ad76>144 571.2 Q F0 .304(option is gi)2.804 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-.304(n, each).15 F F2(name)3.164 E F0 .305(refers to a shell v)2.985 F
-2.805(ariable. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)2.805 G .305
-(riables may not be unset.).25 F(If)5.305 E F1<ad66>144 583.2 Q F0 .46
-(is speci\214ed, each)2.96 F F2(name)3.32 E F0 .459
-(refers to a shell function, and the function de\214nition is remo)3.14
-F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.959(d. Each).15 F .902(unset v)144 595.2 R .902
+(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F1(unset)108 643.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1
+(fv)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 655.2 S 3.106
+(re).15 G(ach)-3.106 E F2(name)3.106 E F0 3.106(,r).18 G(emo)-3.106 E
+.906 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .606(he corresponding v).15 F .607
+(ariable or function.)-.25 F .607(If no options are supplied, or the)
+5.607 F F1<ad76>144 667.2 Q F0 .305(option is gi)2.805 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
+.305(n, each).15 F F2(name)3.165 E F0 .305(refers to a shell v)2.985 F
+2.805(ariable. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)2.805 G .304
+(riables may not be unset.).25 F(If)5.304 E F1<ad66>144 679.2 Q F0 .459
+(is speci\214ed, each)2.959 F F2(name)3.319 E F0 .459
+(refers to a shell function, and the function de\214nition is remo)3.139
+F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.96(d. Each).15 F .903(unset v)144 691.2 R .903
(ariable or function is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.402(df).15 G .902
-(rom the en)-3.402 F .903(vironment passed to subsequent commands.)-.4 F
-(If)5.903 E(an)144 607.2 Q 4.285(yo)-.15 G(f)-4.285 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0
-SF(RANDOM)4.285 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3(SECONDS)4.035 E F4(,)A F3
+(rom the en)-3.402 F .902(vironment passed to subsequent commands.)-.4 F
+(If)5.902 E(an)144 703.2 Q 4.284(yo)-.15 G(f)-4.284 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0
+SF(RANDOM)4.284 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3(SECONDS)4.035 E F4(,)A F3
(LINENO)4.035 E F4(,)A F3(HISTCMD)4.035 E F4(,)A F3(FUNCN)4.035 E(AME)
-.18 E F4(,)A F3(GR)4.035 E(OUPS)-.27 E F4(,)A F0(or)4.035 E F3(DIRST)
-4.284 E -.495(AC)-.81 G(K).495 E F0(are)4.034 E .328(unset, the)144
-619.2 R 2.828(yl)-.15 G .328(ose their special properties, e)-2.828 F
+4.285 E -.495(AC)-.81 G(K).495 E F0(are)4.035 E .329(unset, the)144
+715.2 R 2.829(yl)-.15 G .328(ose their special properties, e)-2.829 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.828(ni).15 G 2.828(ft)-2.828 G(he)-2.828 E 2.828(ya)
--.15 G .328(re subsequently reset.)-2.828 F .328(The e)5.328 F .329
-(xit status is true)-.15 F(unless a)144 631.2 Q F2(name)2.86 E F0
-(is readonly)2.68 E(.)-.65 E F1(wait)108 648 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 2.5(n.)C
-(..)-2.5 E F0(])A -.8(Wa)144 660 S .288
-(it for each speci\214ed process and return its termination status.).8 F
-(Each)5.288 E F2(n)3.148 E F0 .287(may be a process ID or a)3.028 F .722
-(job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 672 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .722
-(n, all processes in that job').15 F 3.222(sp)-.55 G .722(ipeline are w)
--3.222 F .722(aited for)-.1 F 5.722(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.722 E F2(n)3.583 E F0
-(is)3.463 E 1.266(not gi)144 684 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.266
-(n, all currently acti).15 F 1.566 -.15(ve c)-.25 H 1.265
-(hild processes are w).15 F 1.265(aited for)-.1 F 3.765(,a)-.4 G 1.265
-(nd the return status is zero.)-3.765 F(If)6.265 E F2(n)4.125 E F0 .456
-(speci\214es a non-e)144 696 R .457
-(xistent process or job, the return status is 127.)-.15 F .457
-(Otherwise, the return status is the)5.457 F -.15(ex)144 708 S
-(it status of the last process or job w).15 E(aited for)-.1 E(.)-.55 E
-(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(20)198.725 E 0 Cg EP
+-.15 G .328(re subsequently reset.)-2.828 F .328(The e)5.328 F .328
+(xit status is true)-.15 F(unless a)144 727.2 Q F2(name)2.86 E F0
+(is readonly)2.68 E(.)-.65 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E
+(20)198.725 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 21 21
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
%%EndPageSetup
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48
-(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10.95
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-(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(21)198.725 E 0 Cg EP
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+(it for each speci\214ed process and return its termination status.).8 F
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+(job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 108 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .722
+(n, all processes in that job').15 F 3.222(sp)-.55 G .722(ipeline are w)
+-3.222 F .722(aited for)-.1 F 5.722(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.722 E F2(n)3.582 E F0
+(is)3.462 E 1.265(not gi)144 120 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.265
+(n, all currently acti).15 F 1.565 -.15(ve c)-.25 H 1.265
+(hild processes are w).15 F 1.265(aited for)-.1 F 3.765(,a)-.4 G 1.266
+(nd the return status is zero.)-3.765 F(If)6.266 E F2(n)4.126 E F0 .457
+(speci\214es a non-e)144 132 R .457
+(xistent process or job, the return status is 127.)-.15 F .457
+(Otherwise, the return status is the)5.457 F -.15(ex)144 144 S
+(it status of the last process or job w).15 E(aited for)-.1 E(.)-.55 E
+/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SEE ALSO)72 160.8 Q F0(bash\(1\), sh\(1\))108
+172.8 Q(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(21)198.725 E 0 Cg EP
%%Trailer
end
%%EOF
%!PS-Adobe-3.0
%%Creator: groff version 1.19.2
-%%CreationDate: Wed Jun 17 08:51:31 2009
+%%CreationDate: Mon Aug 3 10:10:38 2009
%%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Roman
%%+ font Times-Bold
%%DocumentSuppliedResources: procset grops 1.19 2
#if defined (COND_COMMAND)
case cm_cond:
+ was_error_trap = signal_is_trapped (ERROR_TRAP) && signal_is_ignored (ERROR_TRAP) == 0;
if (ignore_return)
command->value.Cond->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
- save_line_number = line_number;
+
+ line_number_for_err_trap = save_line_number = line_number;
exec_result = execute_cond_command (command->value.Cond);
line_number = save_line_number;
+
+ if (was_error_trap && ignore_return == 0 && invert == 0 && exec_result != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
+ {
+ last_command_exit_value = exec_result;
+ save_line_number = line_number;
+ line_number = line_number_for_err_trap;
+ run_error_trap ();
+ line_number = save_line_number;
+ }
+
+ if (ignore_return == 0 && invert == 0 && exit_immediately_on_error && exec_result != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
+ {
+ last_command_exit_value = exec_result;
+ run_pending_traps ();
+ jump_to_top_level (ERREXIT);
+ }
+
break;
#endif
#if defined (COND_COMMAND)
case cm_cond:
+ was_error_trap = signal_is_trapped (ERROR_TRAP) && signal_is_ignored (ERROR_TRAP) == 0;
if (ignore_return)
command->value.Cond->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
- save_line_number = line_number;
+
+ line_number_for_err_trap = save_line_number = line_number;
exec_result = execute_cond_command (command->value.Cond);
line_number = save_line_number;
+
+ if (was_error_trap && ignore_return == 0 && invert == 0 && exec_result != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
+ {
+ last_command_exit_value = exec_result;
+ save_line_number = line_number
+ line_number = line_number_for_err_trap;
+ run_error_trap ();
+ line_number = save_line_number;
+ }
+
+ if (ignore_return == 0 && invert == 0 && exit_immediately_on_error && exec_result != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
+ {
+ last_command_exit_value = exec_result;
+ run_pending_traps ();
+ jump_to_top_level (ERREXIT);
+ }
+
break;
#endif
execute_cond_command (cond_command)
COND_COM *cond_command;
{
- int retval, save_line_number;
+ int retval, save_line_number, invert;
+
+ invert = cond_command->flags & CMD_I
retval = EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
save_line_number = line_number;
terminate_immediately++;
#endif
+ error_trap = 0;
old_e_flag = exit_immediately_on_error;
/* The eval builtin calls parse_and_execute, which does not know about
the setting of flags, and always calls the execution functions with
#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
if (c == '[')
{
- e = skipsubscript (cp, 0);
+ e = skipsubscript (cp, 0, 0);
if (cp[e] == ']')
{
cp += e + 1;
extern char *find_token_in_alist __P((int, STRING_INT_ALIST *, int));
extern int find_index_in_alist __P((char *, STRING_INT_ALIST *, int));
-extern char *substring __P((char *, int, int));
+extern char *substring __P((const char *, int, int));
extern char *strsub __P((char *, char *, char *, int));
extern char *strcreplace __P((char *, int, char *, int));
extern void strip_leading __P((char *));
#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
if (c == '[')
{
- newi = skipsubscript (string, indx);
+ newi = skipsubscript (string, indx, 0);
if (string[newi++] != ']')
return (0);
if (string[newi] == '+' && string[newi+1] == '=')
First, the command name is identified.
If a compspec has been defined for that command, the
compspec is used to generate the list of possible completions for the word.
+If the command word is the empty string (completion attempted at the
+beginning of an empty line), any compspec defined with
+the @option{-E} option to @code{complete} is used.
If the command word is a full pathname, a compspec for the full
pathname is searched for first.
If no compspec is found for the full pathname, an attempt is made to
find a compspec for the portion following the final slash.
+If those searches do not result in a compspec, any compspec defined with
+the @option{-D} option to @code{complete} is used as the default.
Once a compspec has been found, it is used to generate the list of
matching words.
the value of the @var{mark-directories} Readline variable, regardless
of the setting of the @var{mark-symlinked-directories} Readline variable.
+There is some support for dynamically modifying completions. This is
+most useful when used in combination with a default completion specified
+with @option{-D}. It's possible for shell functions executed as completion
+handlers to indicate that completion should be retried by returning an
+exit status of 124. If a shell function returns 124, and changes
+the compspec associated with the command on which completion is being
+attempted (supplied as the first argument when the function is executed),
+programmable completion restarts from the beginning, with an
+attempt to find a compspec for that command. This allows a set of
+completions to be built dynamically as completion is attempted, rather than
+being loaded all at once.
+
+For instance, assuming that there is a library of compspecs, each kept in a
+file corresponding to the name of the command, the following default
+completion function would load completions dynamically:
+
+_completion_loader()
+{
+ . "/etc/bash_completion.d/$1.sh" >/dev/null 2>&1 && return 124
+}
+complete -D -F _completion_loader
+
@node Programmable Completion Builtins
@section Programmable Completion Builtins
@cindex completion builtins
@item complete
@btindex complete
@example
-@code{complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o @var{comp-option}] [-E] [-A @var{action}] [-G @var{globpat}] [-W @var{wordlist}]
+@code{complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o @var{comp-option}] [-DE] [-A @var{action}] [-G @var{globpat}] [-W @var{wordlist}]
[-F @var{function}] [-C @var{command}] [-X @var{filterpat}]
[-P @var{prefix}] [-S @var{suffix}] @var{name} [@var{name} @dots{}]}
-@code{complete -pr [-E] [@var{name} @dots{}]}
+@code{complete -pr [-DE] [@var{name} @dots{}]}
@end example
Specify how arguments to each @var{name} should be completed.
The @option{-r} option removes a completion specification for
each @var{name}, or, if no @var{name}s are supplied, all
completion specifications.
+The @option{-D} option indicates that the remaining options and actions should
+apply to the ``default'' command completion; that is, completion attempted
+on a command for which no completion has previously been defined.
The @option{-E} option indicates that the remaining options and actions should
apply to ``empty'' command completion; that is, completion attempted on a
blank line.
The process of applying these completion specifications when word completion
-is attempted is described above (@pxref{Programmable Completion}).
+is attempted is described above (@pxref{Programmable Completion}). The
+@option{-D} option takes precedence over @option{-E}.
Other options, if specified, have the following meanings.
The arguments to the @option{-G}, @option{-W}, and @option{-X} options
@item compopt
@btindex compopt
@example
-@code{compopt} [-o @var{option}] [+o @var{option}] [@var{name}]
+@code{compopt} [-o @var{option}] [-DE] [+o @var{option}] [@var{name}]
@end example
Modify completion options for each @var{name} according to the
@var{option}s, or for the currently-execution completion if no @var{name}s
@var{name} or the current completion.
The possible values of @var{option} are those valid for the @code{complete}
builtin described above.
+The @option{-D} option indicates that the remaining options should
+apply to the ``default'' command completion; that is, completion attempted
+on a command for which no completion has previously been defined.
+The @option{-E} option indicates that the remaining options should
+apply to ``empty'' command completion; that is, completion attempted on a
+blank line.
+
+The @option{-D} option takes precedence over @option{-E}.
The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied, an attempt
is made to modify the options for a @var{name} for which no completion
r = cxt->childval;
/* For now */
- r = _rl_subseq_result (r, cxt->oldmap, cxt->okey, (cxt->flags & KSEQ_SUBSEQ));
+ if (r != -3) /* don't do this if we indicate there will be other matches */
+ r = _rl_subseq_result (r, cxt->oldmap, cxt->okey, (cxt->flags & KSEQ_SUBSEQ));
RL_CHECK_SIGNALS ();
if (r == 0) /* success! */
{
/* Return 0 only the first time, to indicate success to
_rl_callback_read_char. The rest of the time, we're called
- from _rl_dispatch_callback, so we return 3 to indicate
+ from _rl_dispatch_callback, so we return -3 to indicate
special handling is necessary. */
r = RL_ISSTATE (RL_STATE_MULTIKEY) ? -3 : 0;
cxt = _rl_keyseq_cxt_alloc ();
/* Unbind vi_movement_keymap[ESC] to allow users to repeatedly hit ESC
in vi command mode while still allowing the arrow keys to work. */
if (vi_movement_keymap[ESC].type == ISKMAP)
- rl_bind_key_in_map (ESC, (rl_command_func_t *)NULL, vi_movement_keymap);
+ rl_bind_keyseq_in_map ("\033", (rl_command_func_t *)NULL, vi_movement_keymap);
bind_arrow_keys_internal (vi_insertion_keymap);
#endif
}
regexp `^#define[ ]*PATCHLEVEL', since that's what support/mkversion.sh
looks for to find the patch level (for the sccs version string). */
-#define PATCHLEVEL 24
+#define PATCHLEVEL 28
#endif /* _PATCHLEVEL_H_ */
#include <readline/readline.h>
#include <readline/history.h>
+#define PCOMP_RETRYFAIL 256
+
#ifdef STRDUP
# undef STRDUP
#endif
static STRINGLIST *gen_wordlist_matches __P((COMPSPEC *, const char *));
static STRINGLIST *gen_shell_function_matches __P((COMPSPEC *, const char *,
char *, int, WORD_LIST *,
- int, int));
+ int, int, int *));
static STRINGLIST *gen_command_matches __P((COMPSPEC *, const char *, char *,
int, WORD_LIST *, int, int));
+static STRINGLIST *gen_progcomp_completions __P((const char *, const char *,
+ const char *,
+ int, int, int *, int *,
+ COMPSPEC **));
+
static char *pcomp_filename_completion_function __P((const char *, int));
#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
variable, this does nothing if arrays are not compiled into the shell. */
static STRINGLIST *
-gen_shell_function_matches (cs, text, line, ind, lwords, nw, cw)
+gen_shell_function_matches (cs, text, line, ind, lwords, nw, cw, foundp)
COMPSPEC *cs;
const char *text;
char *line;
int ind;
WORD_LIST *lwords;
int nw, cw;
+ int *foundp;
{
char *funcname;
STRINGLIST *sl;
SHELL_VAR *f, *v;
WORD_LIST *cmdlist;
- int fval;
+ int fval, found;
sh_parser_state_t ps;
sh_parser_state_t * restrict pps;
#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
ARRAY *a;
#endif
+ found = 0;
+ if (foundp)
+ *foundp = found;
+
funcname = cs->funcname;
f = find_function (funcname);
if (f == 0)
discard_unwind_frame ("gen-shell-function-matches");
restore_parser_state (pps);
+ found = fval != EX_NOTFOUND;
+ if (fval == EX_RETRYFAIL)
+ found |= PCOMP_RETRYFAIL;
+ if (foundp)
+ *foundp = found;
+
/* Now clean up and destroy everything. */
dispose_words (cmdlist);
unbind_compfunc_variables (0);
VUNSETATTR (v, att_invisible);
a = array_cell (v);
- if (a == 0 || array_empty (a))
+ if (found == 0 || (found & PCOMP_RETRYFAIL) || a == 0 || array_empty (a))
sl = (STRINGLIST *)NULL;
else
{
/* Evaluate COMPSPEC *cs and return all matches for WORD. */
STRINGLIST *
-gen_compspec_completions (cs, cmd, word, start, end)
+gen_compspec_completions (cs, cmd, word, start, end, foundp)
COMPSPEC *cs;
const char *cmd;
const char *word;
int start, end;
+ int *foundp;
{
STRINGLIST *ret, *tmatches;
char *line;
- int llen, nw, cw;
+ int llen, nw, cw, found, foundf;
WORD_LIST *lwords;
COMPSPEC *tcs;
+ found = 1;
+
#ifdef DEBUG
debug_printf ("gen_compspec_completions (%s, %s, %d, %d)", cmd, word, start, end);
debug_printf ("gen_compspec_completions: %s -> %p", cmd, cs);
if (cs->funcname)
{
- tmatches = gen_shell_function_matches (cs, word, line, rl_point - start, lwords, nw, cw);
+ foundf = 0;
+ tmatches = gen_shell_function_matches (cs, word, line, rl_point - start, lwords, nw, cw, &foundf);
+ if (foundf != 0)
+ found = foundf;
if (tmatches)
{
#ifdef DEBUG
FREE (line);
}
+ if (foundp)
+ *foundp = found;
+
+ if (found == 0 || (found & PCOMP_RETRYFAIL))
+ {
+ strlist_dispose (ret);
+ return NULL;
+ }
+
if (cs->filterpat)
{
tmatches = filter_stringlist (ret, cs->filterpat, word);
cs->options &= ~flags;
}
-/* The driver function for the programmable completion code. Returns a list
- of matches for WORD, which is an argument to command CMD. START and END
- bound the command currently being completed in rl_line_buffer. */
-char **
-programmable_completions (cmd, word, start, end, foundp)
+static STRINGLIST *
+gen_progcomp_completions (ocmd, cmd, word, start, end, foundp, retryp, lastcs)
+ const char *ocmd;
const char *cmd;
const char *word;
- int start, end, *foundp;
+ int start, end;
+ int *foundp, *retryp;
+ COMPSPEC **lastcs;
{
COMPSPEC *cs, *oldcs;
- STRINGLIST *ret;
- char **rmatches, *t;
const char *oldcmd;
+ STRINGLIST *ret;
- /* We look at the basename of CMD if the full command does not have
- an associated COMPSPEC. */
- cs = progcomp_search (cmd);
- if (cs == 0)
- {
- t = strrchr (cmd, '/');
- if (t)
- cs = progcomp_search (++t);
- }
- if (cs == 0)
- {
- if (foundp)
- *foundp = 0;
- return ((char **)NULL);
- }
+ cs = progcomp_search (ocmd);
+
+ if (cs == 0 || cs == *lastcs)
+ return (NULL);
+
+ if (*lastcs)
+ compspec_dispose (*lastcs);
+ cs->refcount++; /* XXX */
+ *lastcs = cs;
cs = compspec_copy (cs);
pcomp_curcs = cs;
pcomp_curcmd = cmd;
- ret = gen_compspec_completions (cs, cmd, word, start, end);
+ ret = gen_compspec_completions (cs, cmd, word, start, end, foundp);
pcomp_curcs = oldcs;
pcomp_curcmd = oldcmd;
- /* Signal the caller that we found a COMPSPEC for this command, and pass
- back any meta-options associated with the compspec. */
+ /* We need to conditionally handle setting *retryp here */
+ if (retryp)
+ *retryp = foundp && (*foundp & PCOMP_RETRYFAIL);
+
if (foundp)
- *foundp = 1|cs->options;
+ {
+ *foundp &= ~PCOMP_RETRYFAIL;
+ *foundp |= cs->options;
+ }
compspec_dispose (cs);
+ return ret;
+}
+
+/* The driver function for the programmable completion code. Returns a list
+ of matches for WORD, which is an argument to command CMD. START and END
+ bound the command currently being completed in rl_line_buffer. */
+char **
+programmable_completions (cmd, word, start, end, foundp)
+ const char *cmd;
+ const char *word;
+ int start, end, *foundp;
+{
+ COMPSPEC *cs, *lastcs;
+ STRINGLIST *ret;
+ char **rmatches, *t;
+ int found, retry, count;
+
+ lastcs = 0;
+ found = count = 0;
+
+ do
+ {
+ retry = 0;
+
+ /* We look at the basename of CMD if the full command does not have
+ an associated COMPSPEC. */
+ ret = gen_progcomp_completions (cmd, cmd, word, start, end, &found, &retry, &lastcs);
+ if (found == 0)
+ {
+ t = strrchr (cmd, '/');
+ if (t && *(++t))
+ ret = gen_progcomp_completions (t, cmd, word, start, end, &found, &retry, &lastcs);
+ }
+
+ if (found == 0)
+ ret = gen_progcomp_completions (DEFAULTCMD, cmd, word, start, end, &found, &retry, &lastcs);
+
+ count++;
+
+ if (count > 32)
+ {
+ internal_warning ("programmable_completion: %s: possible retry loop", cmd);
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ while (retry);
if (ret)
{
else
rmatches = (char **)NULL;
+ if (foundp)
+ *foundp = found;
+
+ if (lastcs) /* XXX - should be while? */
+ compspec_dispose (lastcs);
+
return (rmatches);
}
/* pcomplete.h - structure definitions and other stuff for programmable
-n completion. */
+ completion. */
/* Copyright (C) 1999-2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
#define LIST_DONTFREE 0x010
#define LIST_DONTFREEMEMBERS 0x020
+#define EMPTYCMD "_EmptycmD_"
+#define DEFAULTCMD "_DefaultCmD_"
+
extern HASH_TABLE *prog_completes;
extern int prog_completion_enabled;
extern STRINGLIST *completions_to_stringlist __P((char **));
-extern STRINGLIST *gen_compspec_completions __P((COMPSPEC *, const char *, const char *, int, int));
+extern STRINGLIST *gen_compspec_completions __P((COMPSPEC *, const char *, const char *, int, int, int *));
extern char **programmable_completions __P((const char *, const char *, int, int, int *));
extern void pcomp_set_readline_variables __P((int, int));
char *herestr;
int herelen, n, e;
+ expanding_redir = 1;
herestr = expand_string_to_string (redirectee->word, 0);
+ expanding_redir = 0;
herelen = STRLEN (herestr);
n = write (fd, herestr, herelen);
return 0;
}
+ expanding_redir = 1;
tlist = expand_string (redirectee->word, Q_HERE_DOCUMENT);
+ expanding_redir = 0;
+
if (tlist)
{
/* Try using buffered I/O (stdio) and writing a word
#define EX_BADUSAGE 2
/* Special exit statuses used by the shell, internally and externally. */
+#define EX_RETRYFAIL 124
+#define EX_WEXPCOMSUB 125
#define EX_BINARY_FILE 126
#define EX_NOEXEC 126
#define EX_NOINPUT 126
not including END. */
char *
substring (string, start, end)
- char *string;
+ const char *string;
int start, end;
{
register int len;
{
int ni;
/* If this is an array subscript, skip over it and continue. */
- ni = skipsubscript (string, i);
+ ni = skipsubscript (string, i, 0);
if (string[ni] == ']')
i = ni;
}
#define CQ_RETURN(x) do { no_longjmp_on_fatal_error = 0; return (x); } while (0)
/* This function assumes s[i] == open; returns with s[ret] == close; used to
- parse array subscripts. FLAGS currently unused. */
+ parse array subscripts. FLAGS & 1 means to not attempt to skip over
+ matched pairs of quotes or backquotes, or skip word expansions; it is
+ intended to be used after expansion has been performed and during final
+ assignment parsing (see arrayfunc.c:assign_compound_array_list()). */
static int
skip_matched_pair (string, start, open, close, flags)
const char *string;
ADVANCE_CHAR (string, slen, i);
continue;
}
- else if (c == '`')
+ else if ((flags & 1) == 0 && c == '`')
{
backq = 1;
i++;
continue;
}
- else if (c == open)
+ else if ((flags & 1) == 0 && c == open)
{
count++;
i++;
i++;
continue;
}
- else if (c == '\'' || c == '"')
+ else if ((flags & 1) == 0 && (c == '\'' || c == '"'))
{
i = (c == '\'') ? skip_single_quoted (ss, slen, ++i)
: skip_double_quoted (ss, slen, ++i);
/* no increment, the skip functions increment past the closing quote. */
}
- else if (c == '$' && (string[i+1] == LPAREN || string[i+1] == LBRACE))
+ else if ((flags&1) == 0 && c == '$' && (string[i+1] == LPAREN || string[i+1] == LBRACE))
{
si = i + 2;
if (string[si] == '\0')
#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
int
-skipsubscript (string, start)
+skipsubscript (string, start, flags)
const char *string;
- int start;
+ int start, flags;
{
- return (skip_matched_pair (string, start, '[', ']', 0));
+ return (skip_matched_pair (string, start, '[', ']', flags));
}
#endif
if (wordexp_only && read_but_dont_execute)
{
- last_command_exit_value = 125;
+ last_command_exit_value = EX_WEXPCOMSUB;
jump_to_top_level (EXITPROG);
}
declare -Ai chaff='([one]="10" [zero]="5" )'
declare -Ar waste='([version]="4.0-devel" [source]="./assoc.tests" [lineno]="28" [pid]="42134" )'
declare -A wheat='([one]="a" [zero]="0" [two]="b" [three]="c" )'
-declare -A chaff='([one]="10" [hello world]="flip" [zero]="5" )'
+declare -A chaff='([one]="10" ["hello world"]="flip" [zero]="5" )'
./assoc.tests: line 38: unset: waste: cannot unset: readonly variable
./assoc.tests: line 39: chaff[*]: bad array subscript
./assoc.tests: line 40: [*]=12: invalid associative array key
-declare -A chaff='([one]="a" [hello world]="flip" )'
+declare -A chaff='([one]="a" ["hello world"]="flip" )'
flip
argv[1] = <a>
argv[2] = <flip>
./assoc.tests: line 57: declare: chaff: cannot destroy array variables in this way
./assoc.tests: line 59: chaff[*]: bad array subscript
./assoc.tests: line 60: [*]=12: invalid associative array key
-declare -A wheat='([six]="6" [foo bar]="qux qix" )'
+declare -A wheat='([six]="6" ["foo bar"]="qux qix" )'
argv[1] = <qux>
argv[2] = <qix>
argv[1] = <qux qix>
-declare -A wheat='([six]="6" [foo bar]="qux qix" )'
+declare -A wheat='([six]="6" ["foo bar"]="qux qix" )'
argv[1] = <2>
argv[1] = <7>
argv[1] = <qux>
outside: outside
declare -A BASH_ALIASES='()'
declare -A BASH_CMDS='()'
-declare -A afoo='([six]="six" [foo bar]="foo quux" )'
+declare -A afoo='([six]="six" ["foo bar"]="foo quux" )'
argv[1] = <inside:>
argv[2] = <six>
argv[3] = <foo quux>
def
./assoc5.sub: line 13: declare: `myarray[foo[bar]=bleh': not a valid identifier
abc def bleh
-myarray=([a]a]="abc" []]="def" [a]=test1;#a]="123" [foo]="bleh" )
+myarray=(["a]a"]="abc" ["]"]="def" ["a]=test1;#a"]="123" [foo]="bleh" )
123
-myarray=([a]a]="abc" [a]=test2;#a]="def" []]="def" [a]=test1;#a]="123" [foo]="bleh" )
+myarray=(["a]a"]="abc" ["a]=test2;#a"]="def" ["]"]="def" ["a]=test1;#a"]="123" [foo]="bleh" )
+bar"bie
+doll
+declare -A foo='(["bar\"bie"]="doll" )'
+bar"bie
+doll
+declare -A foo='(["bar\"bie"]="doll" )'
+bar"bie
+doll
+declare -A foo='(["bar\"bie"]="doll" )'
+bar"bie
+doll
+declare -A foo='(["bar\"bie"]="doll" )'
+bar"bie
+doll
+declare -A foo='(["bar\"bie"]="doll" )'
+bar'bie
+doll
+declare -A foo='(["bar'\''bie"]="doll" )'
+bar'bie
+doll
+declare -A foo='(["bar'\''bie"]="doll" )'
+bar'bie
+doll
+declare -A foo='(["bar'\''bie"]="doll" )'
+bar'bie
+doll
+declare -A foo='(["bar'\''bie"]="doll" )'
+bar'bie
+doll
+declare -A foo='(["bar'\''bie"]="doll" )'
+bar$bie
+doll
+declare -A foo='(["bar\$bie"]="doll" )'
+bar[bie
+doll
+declare -A foo='(["bar[bie"]="doll" )'
+bar`bie
+doll
+declare -A foo='(["bar\`bie"]="doll" )'
+bar\]bie
+doll
+declare -A foo='(["bar\\]bie"]="doll" )'
+bar${foo}bie
+doll
+declare -A foo='(["bar\${foo}bie"]="doll" )'
${THIS_SH} ./assoc4.sub
${THIS_SH} ./assoc5.sub
+
+${THIS_SH} ./assoc6.sub
+
--- /dev/null
+declare -A foo
+
+foo=([bar\"bie]=doll)
+
+echo ${!foo[@]}
+echo ${foo[@]}
+
+declare -p foo
+
+unset foo
+declare -A foo=(["bar\"bie"]="doll")
+
+echo ${!foo[@]}
+echo ${foo[@]}
+
+declare -p foo
+
+unset foo
+declare -A foo
+
+foo=(["bar\"bie"]="doll")
+
+echo ${!foo[@]}
+echo ${foo[@]}
+
+declare -p foo
+
+unset foo
+declare -A foo
+
+foo["bar\"bie"]="doll"
+
+echo ${!foo[@]}
+echo ${foo[@]}
+
+declare -p foo
+
+unset foo
+declare -A foo
+
+foo[bar\"bie]="doll"
+
+echo ${!foo[@]}
+echo ${foo[@]}
+
+declare -p foo
+
+unset foo
+declare -A foo
+
+foo=([bar\'bie]=doll)
+
+echo ${!foo[@]}
+echo ${foo[@]}
+
+declare -p foo
+
+unset foo
+declare -A foo=(["bar'bie"]="doll")
+
+echo ${!foo[@]}
+echo ${foo[@]}
+
+declare -p foo
+
+unset foo
+declare -A foo
+
+foo=(["bar'bie"]="doll")
+
+echo ${!foo[@]}
+echo ${foo[@]}
+
+declare -p foo
+
+unset foo
+declare -A foo
+
+foo["bar'bie"]="doll"
+
+echo ${!foo[@]}
+echo ${foo[@]}
+
+declare -p foo
+
+unset foo
+declare -A foo
+
+foo[bar\'bie]="doll"
+
+echo ${!foo[@]}
+echo ${foo[@]}
+
+declare -p foo
+
+unset foo
+declare -A foo
+
+foo=([bar\$bie]=doll)
+
+echo ${!foo[@]}
+echo ${foo[@]}
+
+declare -p foo
+
+unset foo
+declare -A foo=(["bar[bie"]="doll")
+
+echo ${!foo[@]}
+echo ${foo[@]}
+
+declare -p foo
+
+unset foo
+declare -A foo
+
+foo=(["bar\`bie"]="doll")
+
+echo ${!foo[@]}
+echo ${foo[@]}
+
+declare -p foo
+
+unset foo
+declare -A foo
+
+# this doesn't work right without the backslash
+foo["bar\]bie"]="doll"
+
+echo ${!foo[@]}
+echo ${foo[@]}
+
+declare -p foo
+
+unset foo
+declare -A foo
+
+foo[bar\${foo}bie]="doll"
+
+echo ${!foo[@]}
+echo ${foo[@]}
+
+declare -p foo
+
+unset foo
+declare -A foo
projects / thirdparty / bash.git / commitdiff
