4. New Features in Readline
+a. When creating shared libraries on Mac OS X, the pathname written into the
+ library (install_name) no longer includes the minor version number.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This document details the changes between this version, bash-4.3-rc1, and the
previous version, bash-4.3-beta2.
4. New Features in Readline
+a. When creating shared libraries on Mac OS X, the pathname written into the
+ library (install_name) no longer includes the minor version number.
+
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This document details the changes between this version, bash-4.3-rc1, and the
previous version, bash-4.3-beta2.
- darwin: combine the stanzas into one that will not require them to
be updated on each Mac OS X release. Report and fix from Max Horn
<max@quendi.de>
+
+ 1/27
+ ----
+support/shobj-conf
+ - darwin: changed the install_name embedded into the shared library
+ to contain only the major version number, not the minor one. The
+ idea is that the minor versions should all be API/ABI compatible,
+ and it is better to link automatically with the latest one. Idea
+ from Max Horn <max@quendi.de>
+
+ 1/29
+ ----
+[bash-4.3-rc2 released]
+
+ 1/30
+ ----
+lib/readline/readline.h
+ - rl_clear_history, rl_free_keymap: add extern declarations. Report
+ from Hiroo Hayashi <hiroo.hayashi@computer.org>
+
+general.c
+ - include trap.h for any_signals_trapped() prototype
+
+lib/sh/unicode.c
+ - include <stdio.h> for sprintf prototype
+
+ 1/31
+ ----
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_simple_command: only posix-mode shells should exit on an
+ assignment failure in the temporary environment preceding a special
+ builtin. This is what the documentation and code comments have
+ always said
+ - execute_simple_command: make sure redirection errors, word expansion
+ errors, and assignment errors to Posix special builtins cause a
+ non-interactive posix mode shell to exit. Previously the shell
+ would not exit if the failed special builtin was on the LHS of ||
+ or &&
+
+pathexp.c
+ - quote_string_for_globbing: when quoting a regular expression
+ (QGLOB_REGEXP), allow an unquoted backslash to pass through
+ unaltered. Don't use it as a quote character or quote it. More
+ investigation from 1/24 and report by Mike Frysinger
+ <vapier@gentoo.org>
+ - quote_string_for_globbing: when quoting a regular expression
+ (QGLOB_REGEXP), turn CTLESC CTLESC into CTLESC without adding a
+ backslash to quote it. We should not have to quote it because it is
+ not a character special to EREs. More investigation from 1/24
+
+lib/glob/glob.c
+ - glob_testdir: now takes a second flags argument (currently unused);
+ changed prototype and callers
+
+ 2/1
+ ---
+lib/glob/glob.c
+ - glob_testdir: if flags argument includes GX_ALLDIRS (globstar), use
+ lstat so we skip symlinks when traversing the directory tree.
+ Originally reported by Chris Down <chris@chrisdown.name>
+
+ 2/2
+ ---
+lib/readline/undo.c
+ - rl_do_undo: make sure CUR is non-zero before dereferencing it to
+ check cur->data against rl_undo_list. Report and fix from
+ Andreas Schwab <schwab@linux-m68k.org>
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - added slight clarifying language to the description of $*,
+ describing what happens when the expansion is not within double
+ quotes
Makefile.in
- variables.o: add dependency on builtins/builtext.h; helps with
parallel builds. Report from Linda Walsh <bash@tlinx.org>
+
+support/shobj-conf
+ - darwin: combine the stanzas into one that will not require them to
+ be updated on each Mac OS X release. Report and fix from Max Horn
+ <max@quendi.de>
+
+ 1/27
+ ----
+support/shobj-conf
+ - darwin: changed the install_name embedded into the shared library
+ to contain only the major version number, not the minor one. The
+ idea is that the minor versions should all be API/ABI compatible,
+ and it is better to link automatically with the latest one. Idea
+ from Max Horn <max@quendi.de>
+
+ 1/29
+ ----
+[bash-4.3-rc2 released]
+
+ 1/30
+ ----
+lib/readline/readline.h
+ - rl_clear_history, rl_free_keymap: add extern declarations. Report
+ from Hiroo Hayashi <hiroo.hayashi@computer.org>
+
+general.c
+ - include trap.h for any_signals_trapped() prototype
+
+lib/sh/unicode.c
+ - include <stdio.h> for sprintf prototype
+
+ 1/31
+ ----
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_simple_command: only posix-mode shells should exit on an
+ assignment failure in the temporary environment preceding a special
+ builtin. This is what the documentation and code comments have
+ always said
+ - execute_simple_command: make sure redirection errors, word expansion
+ errors, and assignment errors to Posix special builtins cause a
+ non-interactive posix mode shell to exit. Previously the shell
+ would not exit if the failed special builtin was on the LHS of ||
+ or &&
+
+pathexp.c
+ - quote_string_for_globbing: when quoting a regular expression
+ (QGLOB_REGEXP), allow an unquoted backslash to pass through
+ unaltered. Don't use it as a quote character or quote it. More
+ investigation from 1/24 and report by Mike Frysinger
+ <vapier@gentoo.org>
+ - quote_string_for_globbing: when quoting a regular expression
+ (QGLOB_REGEXP), turn CTLESC CTLESC into CTLESC without adding a
+ backslash to quote it. We should not have to quote it because it is
+ not a character special to EREs. More investigation from 1/24
+
+lib/glob/glob.c
+ - glob_testdir: now takes a second flags argument (currently unused);
+ changed prototype and callers
+
+ 2/1
+ ---
+lib/glob/glob.c
+ - glob_testdir: if flags argument includes GX_ALLDIRS (globstar), use
+ lstat so we skip symlinks when traversing the directory tree.
+ Originally reported by Chris Down <chris@chrisdown.name>
+
+ 2/2
+ ---
+lib/readline/undo.c
+ - rl_do_undo: make sure CUR is non-zero before dereferencing it to
+ check cur->data against rl_undo_list. Report and fix from
+ Andreas Schwab <schwab@linux-m68k.org>
tests/errors.right f
tests/errors1.sub f
tests/errors2.sub f
+tests/errors3.sub f
tests/execscript f
tests/exec.right f
tests/exec1.sub f 755
.\" Case Western Reserve University
.\" chet.ramey@case.edu
.\"
-.\" Last Change: Mon Jan 6 16:40:31 EST 2014
+.\" Last Change: Sun Feb 2 16:21:40 EST 2014
.\"
.\" bash_builtins, strip all but Built-Ins section
.if \n(zZ=1 .ig zZ
.if \n(zY=1 .ig zY
-.TH BASH 1 "2014 January 6" "GNU Bash 4.3"
+.TH BASH 1 "2014 February 2" "GNU Bash 4.3"
.\"
.\" There's some problem with having a `@'
.\" in a tagged paragraph with the BSD man macros.
pattern matches. Otherwise, it is the exit status of the
last command executed in \fIlist\fP.
.TP
-\fBif\fP \fIlist\fP; \fBthen\fP \fIlist;\fP \
+\fBif\fP \fIlist\fP; \fBthen\fP \fIlist\fP; \
[ \fBelif\fP \fIlist\fP; \fBthen\fP \fIlist\fP; ] ... \
[ \fBelse\fP \fIlist\fP; ] \fBfi\fP
The
.PD 0
.TP
.B *
-Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one. When the
-expansion occurs within double quotes, it expands to a single word
+Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one.
+When the expansion is not within double quotes, each positional parameter
+expands to a separate word.
+In contexts where it is performed, those words
+are subject to further word splitting and pathname expansion.
+When the expansion occurs within double quotes, it expands to a single word
with the value of each parameter separated by the first character
of the
.SM
--- /dev/null
+.\"
+.\" MAN PAGE COMMENTS to
+.\"
+.\" Chet Ramey
+.\" Case Western Reserve University
+.\" chet.ramey@case.edu
+.\"
+.\" Last Change: Sun Feb 2 16:21:40 EST 2014
+.\"
+.\" bash_builtins, strip all but Built-Ins section
+.if \n(zZ=1 .ig zZ
+.if \n(zY=1 .ig zY
+.TH BASH 1 "2014 February 2" "GNU Bash 4.3"
+.\"
+.\" There's some problem with having a `@'
+.\" in a tagged paragraph with the BSD man macros.
+.\" It has to do with `@' appearing in the }1 macro.
+.\" This is a problem on 4.3 BSD and Ultrix, but Sun
+.\" appears to have fixed it.
+.\" If you're seeing the characters
+.\" `@u-3p' appearing before the lines reading
+.\" `possible-hostname-completions
+.\" and `complete-hostname' down in READLINE,
+.\" then uncomment this redefinition.
+.\"
+.de }1
+.ds ]X \&\\*(]B\\
+.nr )E 0
+.if !"\\$1"" .nr )I \\$1n
+.}f
+.ll \\n(LLu
+.in \\n()Ru+\\n(INu+\\n()Iu
+.ti \\n(INu
+.ie !\\n()Iu+\\n()Ru-\w\a\\*(]X\au-3p \{\\*(]X
+.br\}
+.el \\*(]X\h\a|\\n()Iu+\\n()Ru\a\c
+.}f
+..
+.\"
+.\" File Name macro. This used to be `.PN', for Path Name,
+.\" but Sun doesn't seem to like that very much.
+.\"
+.de FN
+\fI\|\\$1\|\fP
+..
+.SH NAME
+bash \- GNU Bourne-Again SHell
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.B bash
+[options]
+[command_string | file]
+.SH COPYRIGHT
+.if n Bash is Copyright (C) 1989-2013 by the Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+.if t Bash is Copyright \(co 1989-2013 by the Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.B Bash
+is an \fBsh\fR-compatible command language interpreter that
+executes commands read from the standard input or from a file.
+.B Bash
+also incorporates useful features from the \fIKorn\fP and \fIC\fP
+shells (\fBksh\fP and \fBcsh\fP).
+.PP
+.B Bash
+is intended to be a conformant implementation of the
+Shell and Utilities portion of the IEEE POSIX specification
+(IEEE Standard 1003.1).
+.B Bash
+can be configured to be POSIX-conformant by default.
+.SH OPTIONS
+All of the single-character shell options documented in the
+description of the \fBset\fR builtin command can be used as options
+when the shell is invoked.
+In addition, \fBbash\fR
+interprets the following options when it is invoked:
+.PP
+.PD 0
+.TP 10
+.B \-c
+If the
+.B \-c
+option is present, then commands are read from the first non-option argument
+.IR command_string .
+If there are arguments after the
+.IR command_string ,
+they are assigned to the positional parameters, starting with
+.BR $0 .
+.TP
+.B \-i
+If the
+.B \-i
+option is present, the shell is
+.IR interactive .
+.TP
+.B \-l
+Make
+.B bash
+act as if it had been invoked as a login shell (see
+.SM
+.B INVOCATION
+below).
+.TP
+.B \-r
+If the
+.B \-r
+option is present, the shell becomes
+.I restricted
+(see
+.SM
+.B "RESTRICTED SHELL"
+below).
+.TP
+.B \-s
+If the
+.B \-s
+option is present, or if no arguments remain after option
+processing, then commands are read from the standard input.
+This option allows the positional parameters to be set
+when invoking an interactive shell.
+.TP
+.B \-D
+A list of all double-quoted strings preceded by \fB$\fP
+is printed on the standard output.
+These are the strings that
+are subject to language translation when the current locale
+is not \fBC\fP or \fBPOSIX\fP.
+This implies the \fB\-n\fP option; no commands will be executed.
+.TP
+.B [\-+]O [\fIshopt_option\fP]
+\fIshopt_option\fP is one of the shell options accepted by the
+\fBshopt\fP builtin (see
+.SM
+.B SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS
+below).
+If \fIshopt_option\fP is present, \fB\-O\fP sets the value of that option;
+\fB+O\fP unsets it.
+If \fIshopt_option\fP is not supplied, the names and values of the shell
+options accepted by \fBshopt\fP are printed on the standard output.
+If the invocation option is \fB+O\fP, the output is displayed in a format
+that may be reused as input.
+.TP
+.B \-\-
+A
+.B \-\-
+signals the end of options and disables further option processing.
+Any arguments after the
+.B \-\-
+are treated as filenames and arguments. An argument of
+.B \-
+is equivalent to \fB\-\-\fP.
+.PD
+.PP
+.B Bash
+also interprets a number of multi-character options.
+These options must appear on the command line before the
+single-character options to be recognized.
+.PP
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B \-\-debugger
+Arrange for the debugger profile to be executed before the shell
+starts.
+Turns on extended debugging mode (see the description of the
+.B extdebug
+option to the
+.B shopt
+builtin below).
+.TP
+.B \-\-dump\-po\-strings
+Equivalent to \fB\-D\fP, but the output is in the GNU \fIgettext\fP
+\fBpo\fP (portable object) file format.
+.TP
+.B \-\-dump\-strings
+Equivalent to \fB\-D\fP.
+.TP
+.B \-\-help
+Display a usage message on standard output and exit successfully.
+.TP
+\fB\-\-init\-file\fP \fIfile\fP
+.PD 0
+.TP
+\fB\-\-rcfile\fP \fIfile\fP
+.PD
+Execute commands from
+.I file
+instead of the standard personal initialization file
+.I ~/.bashrc
+if the shell is interactive (see
+.SM
+.B INVOCATION
+below).
+.TP
+.B \-\-login
+Equivalent to \fB\-l\fP.
+.TP
+.B \-\-noediting
+Do not use the GNU
+.B readline
+library to read command lines when the shell is interactive.
+.TP
+.B \-\-noprofile
+Do not read either the system-wide startup file
+.FN /etc/profile
+or any of the personal initialization files
+.IR ~/.bash_profile ,
+.IR ~/.bash_login ,
+or
+.IR ~/.profile .
+By default,
+.B bash
+reads these files when it is invoked as a login shell (see
+.SM
+.B INVOCATION
+below).
+.TP
+.B \-\-norc
+Do not read and execute the personal initialization file
+.I ~/.bashrc
+if the shell is interactive.
+This option is on by default if the shell is invoked as
+.BR sh .
+.TP
+.B \-\-posix
+Change the behavior of \fBbash\fP where the default operation differs
+from the POSIX standard to match the standard (\fIposix mode\fP).
+See
+.SM
+.B "SEE ALSO"
+below for a reference to a document that details how posix mode affects
+bash's behavior.
+.TP
+.B \-\-restricted
+The shell becomes restricted (see
+.SM
+.B "RESTRICTED SHELL"
+below).
+.TP
+.B \-\-verbose
+Equivalent to \fB\-v\fP.
+.TP
+.B \-\-version
+Show version information for this instance of
+.B bash
+on the standard output and exit successfully.
+.PD
+.SH ARGUMENTS
+If arguments remain after option processing, and neither the
+.B \-c
+nor the
+.B \-s
+option has been supplied, the first argument is assumed to
+be the name of a file containing shell commands.
+If
+.B bash
+is invoked in this fashion,
+.B $0
+is set to the name of the file, and the positional parameters
+are set to the remaining arguments.
+.B Bash
+reads and executes commands from this file, then exits.
+\fBBash\fP's exit status is the exit status of the last command
+executed in the script.
+If no commands are executed, the exit status is 0.
+An attempt is first made to open the file in the current directory, and,
+if no file is found, then the shell searches the directories in
+.SM
+.B PATH
+for the script.
+.SH INVOCATION
+A \fIlogin shell\fP is one whose first character of argument zero is a
+.BR \- ,
+or one started with the
+.B \-\-login
+option.
+.PP
+An \fIinteractive\fP shell is one started without non-option arguments
+and without the
+.B \-c
+option
+whose standard input and error are
+both connected to terminals (as determined by
+.IR isatty (3)),
+or one started with the
+.B \-i
+option.
+.SM
+.B PS1
+is set and
+.B $\-
+includes
+.B i
+if
+.B bash
+is interactive,
+allowing a shell script or a startup file to test this state.
+.PP
+The following paragraphs describe how
+.B bash
+executes its startup files.
+If any of the files exist but cannot be read,
+.B bash
+reports an error.
+Tildes are expanded in filenames as described below under
+.B "Tilde Expansion"
+in the
+.SM
+.B EXPANSION
+section.
+.PP
+When
+.B bash
+is invoked as an interactive login shell, or as a non-interactive shell
+with the \fB\-\-login\fP option, it first reads and
+executes commands from the file \fI/etc/profile\fP, if that
+file exists.
+After reading that file, it looks for \fI~/.bash_profile\fP,
+\fI~/.bash_login\fP, and \fI~/.profile\fP, in that order, and reads
+and executes commands from the first one that exists and is readable.
+The
+.B \-\-noprofile
+option may be used when the shell is started to inhibit this behavior.
+.PP
+When a login shell exits,
+.B bash
+reads and executes commands from the file \fI~/.bash_logout\fP, if it
+exists.
+.PP
+When an interactive shell that is not a login shell is started,
+.B bash
+reads and executes commands from \fI~/.bashrc\fP, if that file exists.
+This may be inhibited by using the
+.B \-\-norc
+option.
+The \fB\-\-rcfile\fP \fIfile\fP option will force
+.B bash
+to read and execute commands from \fIfile\fP instead of \fI~/.bashrc\fP.
+.PP
+When
+.B bash
+is started non-interactively, to run a shell script, for example, it
+looks for the variable
+.SM
+.B BASH_ENV
+in the environment, expands its value if it appears there, and uses the
+expanded value as the name of a file to read and execute.
+.B Bash
+behaves as if the following command were executed:
+.sp .5
+.RS
+.if t \f(CWif [ \-n "$BASH_ENV" ]; then . "$BASH_ENV"; fi\fP
+.if n if [ \-n "$BASH_ENV" ]; then . "$BASH_ENV"; fi
+.RE
+.sp .5
+but the value of the
+.SM
+.B PATH
+variable is not used to search for the filename.
+.PP
+If
+.B bash
+is invoked with the name
+.BR sh ,
+it tries to mimic the startup behavior of historical versions of
+.B sh
+as closely as possible,
+while conforming to the POSIX standard as well.
+When invoked as an interactive login shell, or a non-interactive
+shell with the \fB\-\-login\fP option, it first attempts to
+read and execute commands from
+.I /etc/profile
+and
+.IR ~/.profile ,
+in that order.
+The
+.B \-\-noprofile
+option may be used to inhibit this behavior.
+When invoked as an interactive shell with the name
+.BR sh ,
+.B bash
+looks for the variable
+.SM
+.BR ENV ,
+expands its value if it is defined, and uses the
+expanded value as the name of a file to read and execute.
+Since a shell invoked as
+.B sh
+does not attempt to read and execute commands from any other startup
+files, the
+.B \-\-rcfile
+option has no effect.
+A non-interactive shell invoked with the name
+.B sh
+does not attempt to read any other startup files.
+When invoked as
+.BR sh ,
+.B bash
+enters
+.I posix
+mode after the startup files are read.
+.PP
+When
+.B bash
+is started in
+.I posix
+mode, as with the
+.B \-\-posix
+command line option, it follows the POSIX standard for startup files.
+In this mode, interactive shells expand the
+.SM
+.B ENV
+variable and commands are read and executed from the file
+whose name is the expanded value.
+No other startup files are read.
+.PP
+.B Bash
+attempts to determine when it is being run with its standard input
+connected to a network connection, as when executed by the remote shell
+daemon, usually \fIrshd\fP, or the secure shell daemon \fIsshd\fP.
+If
+.B bash
+determines it is being run in this fashion, it reads and executes
+commands from \fI~/.bashrc\fP, if that file exists and is readable.
+It will not do this if invoked as \fBsh\fP.
+The
+.B \-\-norc
+option may be used to inhibit this behavior, and the
+.B \-\-rcfile
+option may be used to force another file to be read, but neither
+\fIrshd\fP nor \fIsshd\fP generally invoke the shell with those options
+or allow them to be specified.
+.PP
+If the shell is started with the effective user (group) id not equal to the
+real user (group) id, and the \fB\-p\fP option is not supplied, no startup
+files are read, shell functions are not inherited from the environment, the
+.SM
+.BR SHELLOPTS ,
+.SM
+.BR BASHOPTS ,
+.SM
+.BR CDPATH ,
+and
+.SM
+.B GLOBIGNORE
+variables, if they appear in the environment, are ignored,
+and the effective user id is set to the real user id.
+If the \fB\-p\fP option is supplied at invocation, the startup behavior is
+the same, but the effective user id is not reset.
+.SH DEFINITIONS
+.PP
+The following definitions are used throughout the rest of this
+document.
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B blank
+A space or tab.
+.TP
+.B word
+A sequence of characters considered as a single unit by the shell.
+Also known as a
+.BR token .
+.TP
+.B name
+A
+.I word
+consisting only of alphanumeric characters and underscores, and
+beginning with an alphabetic character or an underscore. Also
+referred to as an
+.BR identifier .
+.TP
+.B metacharacter
+A character that, when unquoted, separates words. One of the following:
+.br
+.RS
+.PP
+.if t \fB| & ; ( ) < > space tab\fP
+.if n \fB| & ; ( ) < > space tab\fP
+.RE
+.PP
+.TP
+.B control operator
+A \fItoken\fP that performs a control function. It is one of the following
+symbols:
+.RS
+.PP
+.if t \fB|| & && ; ;; ( ) | |& <newline>\fP
+.if n \fB|| & && ; ;; ( ) | |& <newline>\fP
+.RE
+.PD
+.SH "RESERVED WORDS"
+\fIReserved words\fP are words that have a special meaning to the shell.
+The following words are recognized as reserved when unquoted and either
+the first word of a simple command (see
+.SM
+.B SHELL GRAMMAR
+below) or the third word of a
+.B case
+or
+.B for
+command:
+.if t .RS
+.PP
+.B
+.if n ! case coproc do done elif else esac fi for function if in select then until while { } time [[ ]]
+.if t ! case coproc do done elif else esac fi for function if in select then until while { } time [[ ]]
+.if t .RE
+.SH "SHELL GRAMMAR"
+.SS Simple Commands
+.PP
+A \fIsimple command\fP is a sequence of optional variable assignments
+followed by \fBblank\fP-separated words and redirections, and
+terminated by a \fIcontrol operator\fP. The first word
+specifies the command to be executed, and is passed as argument zero.
+The remaining words are passed as arguments to the invoked command.
+.PP
+The return value of a \fIsimple command\fP is its exit status, or
+128+\fIn\^\fP if the command is terminated by signal
+.IR n .
+.SS Pipelines
+.PP
+A \fIpipeline\fP is a sequence of one or more commands separated by
+one of the control operators
+.B |
+or \fB|&\fP.
+The format for a pipeline is:
+.RS
+.PP
+[\fBtime\fP [\fB\-p\fP]] [ ! ] \fIcommand\fP [ [\fB|\fP\(bv\fB|&\fP] \fIcommand2\fP ... ]
+.RE
+.PP
+The standard output of
+.I command
+is connected via a pipe to the standard input of
+.IR command2 .
+This connection is performed before any redirections specified by the
+command (see
+.SM
+.B REDIRECTION
+below).
+If \fB|&\fP is used, \fIcommand\fP's standard error, in addition to its
+standard output, is connected to
+\fIcommand2\fP's standard input through the pipe;
+it is shorthand for \fB2>&1 |\fP.
+This implicit redirection of the standard error to the standard output is
+performed after any redirections specified by the command.
+.PP
+The return status of a pipeline is the exit status of the last
+command, unless the \fBpipefail\fP option is enabled.
+If \fBpipefail\fP is enabled, the pipeline's return status is the
+value of the last (rightmost) command to exit with a non-zero status,
+or zero if all commands exit successfully.
+If the reserved word
+.B !
+precedes a pipeline, the exit status of that pipeline is the logical
+negation of the exit status as described above.
+The shell waits for all commands in the pipeline to
+terminate before returning a value.
+.PP
+If the
+.B time
+reserved word precedes a pipeline, the elapsed as well as user and
+system time consumed by its execution are reported when the pipeline
+terminates.
+The \fB\-p\fP option changes the output format to that specified by POSIX.
+When the shell is in \fIposix mode\fP, it does not recognize
+\fBtime\fP as a reserved word if the next token begins with a `-'.
+The
+.SM
+.B TIMEFORMAT
+variable may be set to a format string that specifies how the timing
+information should be displayed; see the description of
+.SM
+.B TIMEFORMAT
+under
+.B "Shell Variables"
+below.
+.PP
+When the shell is in \fIposix mode\fP, \fBtime\fP
+may be followed by a newline. In this case, the shell displays the
+total user and system time consumed by the shell and its children.
+The
+.SM
+.B TIMEFORMAT
+variable may be used to specify the format of
+the time information.
+.PP
+Each command in a pipeline is executed as a separate process (i.e., in a
+subshell).
+.SS Lists
+.PP
+A \fIlist\fP is a sequence of one or more pipelines separated by one
+of the operators
+.BR ; ,
+.BR & ,
+.BR && ,
+or
+.BR || ,
+and optionally terminated by one of
+.BR ; ,
+.BR & ,
+or
+.BR <newline> .
+.PP
+Of these list operators,
+.B &&
+and
+.B ||
+have equal precedence, followed by
+.B ;
+and
+.BR & ,
+which have equal precedence.
+.PP
+A sequence of one or more newlines may appear in a \fIlist\fP instead
+of a semicolon to delimit commands.
+.PP
+If a command is terminated by the control operator
+.BR & ,
+the shell executes the command in the \fIbackground\fP
+in a subshell. The shell does not wait for the command to
+finish, and the return status is 0. Commands separated by a
+.B ;
+are executed sequentially; the shell waits for each
+command to terminate in turn. The return status is the
+exit status of the last command executed.
+.PP
+AND and OR lists are sequences of one of more pipelines separated by the
+\fB&&\fP and \fB||\fP control operators, respectively.
+AND and OR lists are executed with left associativity.
+An AND list has the form
+.RS
+.PP
+\fIcommand1\fP \fB&&\fP \fIcommand2\fP
+.RE
+.PP
+.I command2
+is executed if, and only if,
+.I command1
+returns an exit status of zero.
+.PP
+An OR list has the form
+.RS
+.PP
+\fIcommand1\fP \fB||\fP \fIcommand2\fP
+.PP
+.RE
+.PP
+.I command2
+is executed if and only if
+.I command1
+returns a non-zero exit status.
+The return status of
+AND and OR lists is the exit status of the last command
+executed in the list.
+.SS Compound Commands
+.PP
+A \fIcompound command\fP is one of the following.
+In most cases a \fIlist\fP in a command's description may be separated from
+the rest of the command by one or more newlines, and may be followed by a
+newline in place of a semicolon.
+.TP
+(\fIlist\fP)
+\fIlist\fP is executed in a subshell environment (see
+.SM
+\fBCOMMAND EXECUTION ENVIRONMENT\fP
+below).
+Variable assignments and builtin
+commands that affect the shell's environment do not remain in effect
+after the command completes. The return status is the exit status of
+\fIlist\fP.
+.TP
+{ \fIlist\fP; }
+\fIlist\fP is simply executed in the current shell environment.
+\fIlist\fP must be terminated with a newline or semicolon.
+This is known as a \fIgroup command\fP.
+The return status is the exit status of
+\fIlist\fP.
+Note that unlike the metacharacters \fB(\fP and \fB)\fP, \fB{\fP and
+\fB}\fP are \fIreserved words\fP and must occur where a reserved
+word is permitted to be recognized. Since they do not cause a word
+break, they must be separated from \fIlist\fP by whitespace or another
+shell metacharacter.
+.TP
+((\fIexpression\fP))
+The \fIexpression\fP is evaluated according to the rules described
+below under
+.SM
+.BR "ARITHMETIC EVALUATION" .
+If the value of the expression is non-zero, the return status is 0;
+otherwise the return status is 1. This is exactly equivalent to
+\fBlet "\fIexpression\fP"\fR.
+.TP
+\fB[[\fP \fIexpression\fP \fB]]\fP
+Return a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of
+the conditional expression \fIexpression\fP.
+Expressions are composed of the primaries described below under
+.SM
+.BR "CONDITIONAL EXPRESSIONS" .
+Word splitting and pathname expansion are not performed on the words
+between the \fB[[\fP and \fB]]\fP; tilde expansion,
+parameter and variable expansion,
+arithmetic expansion, command substitution, process
+substitution, and quote removal are performed.
+Conditional operators such as \fB\-f\fP must be unquoted to be recognized
+as primaries.
+.if t .sp 0.5
+.if n .sp 1
+When used with \fB[[\fP, the \fB<\fP and \fB>\fP operators sort
+lexicographically using the current locale.
+.if t .sp 0.5
+.if n .sp 1
+When the \fB==\fP and \fB!=\fP operators are used, the string to the
+right of the operator is considered a pattern and matched according
+to the rules described below under \fBPattern Matching\fP,
+as if the \fBextglob\fP shell option were enabled.
+The \fB=\fP operator is equivalent to \fB==\fP.
+If the shell option
+.B nocasematch
+is enabled, the match is performed without regard to the case
+of alphabetic characters.
+The return value is 0 if the string matches (\fB==\fP) or does not match
+(\fB!=\fP) the pattern, and 1 otherwise.
+Any part of the pattern may be quoted to force the quoted portion
+to be matched as a string.
+.if t .sp 0.5
+.if n .sp 1
+An additional binary operator, \fB=~\fP, is available, with the same
+precedence as \fB==\fP and \fB!=\fP.
+When it is used, the string to the right of the operator is considered
+an extended regular expression and matched accordingly (as in \fIregex\fP(3)).
+The return value is 0 if the string matches
+the pattern, and 1 otherwise.
+If the regular expression is syntactically incorrect, the conditional
+expression's return value is 2.
+If the shell option
+.B nocasematch
+is enabled, the match is performed without regard to the case
+of alphabetic characters.
+Any part of the pattern may be quoted to force the quoted portion
+to be matched as a string.
+Bracket expressions in regular expressions must be treated carefully,
+since normal quoting characters lose their meanings between brackets.
+If the pattern is stored in a shell variable, quoting the variable
+expansion forces the entire pattern to be matched as a string.
+Substrings matched by parenthesized subexpressions within the regular
+expression are saved in the array variable
+.SM
+.BR BASH_REMATCH .
+The element of
+.SM
+.B BASH_REMATCH
+with index 0 is the portion of the string
+matching the entire regular expression.
+The element of
+.SM
+.B BASH_REMATCH
+with index \fIn\fP is the portion of the
+string matching the \fIn\fPth parenthesized subexpression.
+.if t .sp 0.5
+.if n .sp 1
+Expressions may be combined using the following operators, listed
+in decreasing order of precedence:
+.if t .sp 0.5
+.if n .sp 1
+.RS
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B ( \fIexpression\fP )
+Returns the value of \fIexpression\fP.
+This may be used to override the normal precedence of operators.
+.TP
+.B ! \fIexpression\fP
+True if
+.I expression
+is false.
+.TP
+\fIexpression1\fP \fB&&\fP \fIexpression2\fP
+True if both
+.I expression1
+and
+.I expression2
+are true.
+.TP
+\fIexpression1\fP \fB||\fP \fIexpression2\fP
+True if either
+.I expression1
+or
+.I expression2
+is true.
+.PD
+.LP
+The \fB&&\fP and \fB||\fP
+operators do not evaluate \fIexpression2\fP if the value of
+\fIexpression1\fP is sufficient to determine the return value of
+the entire conditional expression.
+.RE
+.TP
+\fBfor\fP \fIname\fP [ [ \fBin\fP [ \fIword ...\fP ] ] ; ] \fBdo\fP \fIlist\fP ; \fBdone\fP
+The list of words following \fBin\fP is expanded, generating a list
+of items.
+The variable \fIname\fP is set to each element of this list
+in turn, and \fIlist\fP is executed each time.
+If the \fBin\fP \fIword\fP is omitted, the \fBfor\fP command executes
+\fIlist\fP once for each positional parameter that is set (see
+.SM
+.B PARAMETERS
+below).
+The return status is the exit status of the last command that executes.
+If the expansion of the items following \fBin\fP results in an empty
+list, no commands are executed, and the return status is 0.
+.TP
+\fBfor\fP (( \fIexpr1\fP ; \fIexpr2\fP ; \fIexpr3\fP )) ; \fBdo\fP \fIlist\fP ; \fBdone\fP
+First, the arithmetic expression \fIexpr1\fP is evaluated according
+to the rules described below under
+.SM
+.BR "ARITHMETIC EVALUATION" .
+The arithmetic expression \fIexpr2\fP is then evaluated repeatedly
+until it evaluates to zero.
+Each time \fIexpr2\fP evaluates to a non-zero value, \fIlist\fP is
+executed and the arithmetic expression \fIexpr3\fP is evaluated.
+If any expression is omitted, it behaves as if it evaluates to 1.
+The return value is the exit status of the last command in \fIlist\fP
+that is executed, or false if any of the expressions is invalid.
+.TP
+\fBselect\fP \fIname\fP [ \fBin\fP \fIword\fP ] ; \fBdo\fP \fIlist\fP ; \fBdone\fP
+The list of words following \fBin\fP is expanded, generating a list
+of items. The set of expanded words is printed on the standard
+error, each preceded by a number. If the \fBin\fP
+\fIword\fP is omitted, the positional parameters are printed (see
+.SM
+.B PARAMETERS
+below). The
+.SM
+.B PS3
+prompt is then displayed and a line read from the standard input.
+If the line consists of a number corresponding to one of
+the displayed words, then the value of
+.I name
+is set to that word. If the line is empty, the words and prompt
+are displayed again. If EOF is read, the command completes. Any
+other value read causes
+.I name
+to be set to null. The line read is saved in the variable
+.SM
+.BR REPLY .
+The
+.I list
+is executed after each selection until a
+.B break
+command is executed.
+The exit status of
+.B select
+is the exit status of the last command executed in
+.IR list ,
+or zero if no commands were executed.
+.TP
+\fBcase\fP \fIword\fP \fBin\fP [ [(] \fIpattern\fP [ \fB|\fP \fIpattern\fP ] \
+... ) \fIlist\fP ;; ] ... \fBesac\fP
+A \fBcase\fP command first expands \fIword\fP, and tries to match
+it against each \fIpattern\fP in turn, using the same matching rules
+as for pathname expansion (see
+.B Pathname Expansion
+below).
+The \fIword\fP is expanded using tilde
+expansion, parameter and variable expansion, arithmetic substitution,
+command substitution, process substitution and quote removal.
+Each \fIpattern\fP examined is expanded using tilde
+expansion, parameter and variable expansion, arithmetic substitution,
+command substitution, and process substitution.
+If the shell option
+.B nocasematch
+is enabled, the match is performed without regard to the case
+of alphabetic characters.
+When a match is found, the corresponding \fIlist\fP is executed.
+If the \fB;;\fP operator is used, no subsequent matches are attempted after
+the first pattern match.
+Using \fB;&\fP in place of \fB;;\fP causes execution to continue with
+the \fIlist\fP associated with the next set of patterns.
+Using \fB;;&\fP in place of \fB;;\fP causes the shell to test the next
+pattern list in the statement, if any, and execute any associated \fIlist\fP
+on a successful match.
+The exit status is zero if no
+pattern matches. Otherwise, it is the exit status of the
+last command executed in \fIlist\fP.
+.TP
+\fBif\fP \fIlist\fP; \fBthen\fP \fIlist\fP; \
+[ \fBelif\fP \fIlist\fP; \fBthen\fP \fIlist\fP; ] ... \
+[ \fBelse\fP \fIlist\fP; ] \fBfi\fP
+The
+.B if
+.I list
+is executed. If its exit status is zero, the
+\fBthen\fP \fIlist\fP is executed. Otherwise, each \fBelif\fP
+\fIlist\fP is executed in turn, and if its exit status is zero,
+the corresponding \fBthen\fP \fIlist\fP is executed and the
+command completes. Otherwise, the \fBelse\fP \fIlist\fP is
+executed, if present. The exit status is the exit status of the
+last command executed, or zero if no condition tested true.
+.TP
+\fBwhile\fP \fIlist-1\fP; \fBdo\fP \fIlist-2\fP; \fBdone\fP
+.PD 0
+.TP
+\fBuntil\fP \fIlist-1\fP; \fBdo\fP \fIlist-2\fP; \fBdone\fP
+.PD
+The \fBwhile\fP command continuously executes the list
+\fIlist-2\fP as long as the last command in the list \fIlist-1\fP returns
+an exit status of zero. The \fBuntil\fP command is identical
+to the \fBwhile\fP command, except that the test is negated;
+.I list-2
+is executed as long as the last command in
+.I list-1
+returns a non-zero exit status.
+The exit status of the \fBwhile\fP and \fBuntil\fP commands
+is the exit status
+of the last command executed in \fIlist-2\fP, or zero if
+none was executed.
+.SS Coprocesses
+.PP
+A \fIcoprocess\fP is a shell command preceded by the \fBcoproc\fP reserved
+word.
+A coprocess is executed asynchronously in a subshell, as if the command
+had been terminated with the \fB&\fP control operator, with a two-way pipe
+established between the executing shell and the coprocess.
+.PP
+The format for a coprocess is:
+.RS
+.PP
+\fBcoproc\fP [\fINAME\fP] \fIcommand\fP [\fIredirections\fP]
+.RE
+.PP
+This creates a coprocess named \fINAME\fP.
+If \fINAME\fP is not supplied, the default name is \fBCOPROC\fP.
+\fINAME\fP must not be supplied if \fIcommand\fP is a \fIsimple
+command\fP (see above); otherwise, it is interpreted as the first word
+of the simple command.
+When the coprocess is executed, the shell creates an array variable (see
+.B Arrays
+below) named \fINAME\fP in the context of the executing shell.
+The standard output of
+.I command
+is connected via a pipe to a file descriptor in the executing shell,
+and that file descriptor is assigned to \fINAME\fP[0].
+The standard input of
+.I command
+is connected via a pipe to a file descriptor in the executing shell,
+and that file descriptor is assigned to \fINAME\fP[1].
+This pipe is established before any redirections specified by the
+command (see
+.SM
+.B REDIRECTION
+below).
+The file descriptors can be utilized as arguments to shell commands
+and redirections using standard word expansions.
+The file descriptors are not available in subshells.
+The process ID of the shell spawned to execute the coprocess is
+available as the value of the variable \fINAME\fP_PID.
+The \fBwait\fP
+builtin command may be used to wait for the coprocess to terminate.
+.PP
+Since the coprocess is created as an asynchronous command,
+the \fBcoproc\fP command always returns success.
+The return status of a coprocess is the exit status of \fIcommand\fP.
+.SS Shell Function Definitions
+.PP
+A shell function is an object that is called like a simple command and
+executes a compound command with a new set of positional parameters.
+Shell functions are declared as follows:
+.TP
+\fIname\fP () \fIcompound\-command\fP [\fIredirection\fP]
+.PD 0
+.TP
+\fBfunction\fP \fIname\fP [()] \fIcompound\-command\fP [\fIredirection\fP]
+.PD
+This defines a function named \fIname\fP.
+The reserved word \fBfunction\fP is optional.
+If the \fBfunction\fP reserved word is supplied, the parentheses are optional.
+The \fIbody\fP of the function is the compound command
+.I compound\-command
+(see \fBCompound Commands\fP above).
+That command is usually a \fIlist\fP of commands between { and }, but
+may be any command listed under \fBCompound Commands\fP above.
+\fIcompound\-command\fP is executed whenever \fIname\fP is specified as the
+name of a simple command.
+When in \fIposix mode\fP, \fIname\fP may not be the name of one of the
+POSIX \fIspecial builtins\fP.
+Any redirections (see
+.SM
+.B REDIRECTION
+below) specified when a function is defined are performed
+when the function is executed.
+The exit status of a function definition is zero unless a syntax error
+occurs or a readonly function with the same name already exists.
+When executed, the exit status of a function is the exit status of the
+last command executed in the body. (See
+.SM
+.B FUNCTIONS
+below.)
+.SH COMMENTS
+In a non-interactive shell, or an interactive shell in which the
+.B interactive_comments
+option to the
+.B shopt
+builtin is enabled (see
+.SM
+.B "SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS"
+below), a word beginning with
+.B #
+causes that word and all remaining characters on that line to
+be ignored. An interactive shell without the
+.B interactive_comments
+option enabled does not allow comments. The
+.B interactive_comments
+option is on by default in interactive shells.
+.SH QUOTING
+\fIQuoting\fP is used to remove the special meaning of certain
+characters or words to the shell. Quoting can be used to
+disable special treatment for special characters, to prevent
+reserved words from being recognized as such, and to prevent
+parameter expansion.
+.PP
+Each of the \fImetacharacters\fP listed above under
+.SM
+.B DEFINITIONS
+has special meaning to the shell and must be quoted if it is to
+represent itself.
+.PP
+When the command history expansion facilities are being used
+(see
+.SM
+.B HISTORY EXPANSION
+below), the
+\fIhistory expansion\fP character, usually \fB!\fP, must be quoted
+to prevent history expansion.
+.PP
+There are three quoting mechanisms: the
+.IR "escape character" ,
+single quotes, and double quotes.
+.PP
+A non-quoted backslash (\fB\e\fP) is the
+.IR "escape character" .
+It preserves the literal value of the next character that follows,
+with the exception of <newline>. If a \fB\e\fP<newline> pair
+appears, and the backslash is not itself quoted, the \fB\e\fP<newline>
+is treated as a line continuation (that is, it is removed from the
+input stream and effectively ignored).
+.PP
+Enclosing characters in single quotes preserves the literal value
+of each character within the quotes. A single quote may not occur
+between single quotes, even when preceded by a backslash.
+.PP
+Enclosing characters in double quotes preserves the literal value
+of all characters within the quotes, with the exception of
+.BR $ ,
+.BR \` ,
+.BR \e ,
+and, when history expansion is enabled,
+.BR ! .
+The characters
+.B $
+and
+.B \`
+retain their special meaning within double quotes. The backslash
+retains its special meaning only when followed by one of the following
+characters:
+.BR $ ,
+.BR \` ,
+\^\fB"\fP\^,
+.BR \e ,
+or
+.BR <newline> .
+A double quote may be quoted within double quotes by preceding it with
+a backslash.
+If enabled, history expansion will be performed unless an
+.B !
+appearing in double quotes is escaped using a backslash.
+The backslash preceding the
+.B !
+is not removed.
+.PP
+The special parameters
+.B *
+and
+.B @
+have special meaning when in double
+quotes (see
+.SM
+.B PARAMETERS
+below).
+.PP
+Words of the form \fB$\fP\(aq\fIstring\fP\(aq are treated specially. The
+word expands to \fIstring\fP, with backslash-escaped characters replaced
+as specified by the ANSI C standard. Backslash escape sequences, if
+present, are decoded as follows:
+.RS
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B \ea
+alert (bell)
+.TP
+.B \eb
+backspace
+.TP
+.B \ee
+.TP
+.B \eE
+an escape character
+.TP
+.B \ef
+form feed
+.TP
+.B \en
+new line
+.TP
+.B \er
+carriage return
+.TP
+.B \et
+horizontal tab
+.TP
+.B \ev
+vertical tab
+.TP
+.B \e\e
+backslash
+.TP
+.B \e\(aq
+single quote
+.TP
+.B \e\(dq
+double quote
+.TP
+.B \e\fInnn\fP
+the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value \fInnn\fP
+(one to three digits)
+.TP
+.B \ex\fIHH\fP
+the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal value \fIHH\fP
+(one or two hex digits)
+.TP
+.B \eu\fIHHHH\fP
+the Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is the hexadecimal value
+\fIHHHH\fP (one to four hex digits)
+.TP
+.B \eU\fIHHHHHHHH\fP
+the Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is the hexadecimal value
+\fIHHHHHHHH\fP (one to eight hex digits)
+.TP
+.B \ec\fIx\fP
+a control-\fIx\fP character
+.PD
+.RE
+.LP
+The expanded result is single-quoted, as if the dollar sign had
+not been present.
+.PP
+A double-quoted string preceded by a dollar sign (\fB$\fP\(dq\fIstring\fP\(dq)
+will cause the string to be translated according to the current locale.
+If the current locale is \fBC\fP or \fBPOSIX\fP, the dollar sign
+is ignored.
+If the string is translated and replaced, the replacement is
+double-quoted.
+.SH PARAMETERS
+A
+.I parameter
+is an entity that stores values.
+It can be a
+.IR name ,
+a number, or one of the special characters listed below under
+.BR "Special Parameters" .
+A
+.I variable
+is a parameter denoted by a
+.IR name .
+A variable has a \fIvalue\fP and zero or more \fIattributes\fP.
+Attributes are assigned using the
+.B declare
+builtin command (see
+.B declare
+below in
+.SM
+.BR "SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS" ).
+.PP
+A parameter is set if it has been assigned a value. The null string is
+a valid value. Once a variable is set, it may be unset only by using
+the
+.B unset
+builtin command (see
+.SM
+.B SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS
+below).
+.PP
+A
+.I variable
+may be assigned to by a statement of the form
+.RS
+.PP
+\fIname\fP=[\fIvalue\fP]
+.RE
+.PP
+If
+.I value
+is not given, the variable is assigned the null string. All
+.I values
+undergo tilde expansion, parameter and variable expansion,
+command substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote
+removal (see
+.SM
+.B EXPANSION
+below). If the variable has its
+.B integer
+attribute set, then
+.I value
+is evaluated as an arithmetic expression even if the $((...)) expansion is
+not used (see
+.B "Arithmetic Expansion"
+below).
+Word splitting is not performed, with the exception
+of \fB"$@"\fP as explained below under
+.BR "Special Parameters" .
+Pathname expansion is not performed.
+Assignment statements may also appear as arguments to the
+.BR alias ,
+.BR declare ,
+.BR typeset ,
+.BR export ,
+.BR readonly ,
+and
+.B local
+builtin commands.
+When in \fIposix mode\fP, these builtins may appear in a command after
+one or more instances of the \fBcommand\fP builtin and retain these
+assignment statement properties.
+.PP
+In the context where an assignment statement is assigning a value
+to a shell variable or array index, the += operator can be used to
+append to or add to the variable's previous value.
+When += is applied to a variable for which the \fIinteger\fP attribute has been
+set, \fIvalue\fP is evaluated as an arithmetic expression and added to the
+variable's current value, which is also evaluated.
+When += is applied to an array variable using compound assignment (see
+.B Arrays
+below), the
+variable's value is not unset (as it is when using =), and new values are
+appended to the array beginning at one greater than the array's maximum index
+(for indexed arrays) or added as additional key\-value pairs in an
+associative array.
+When applied to a string-valued variable, \fIvalue\fP is expanded and
+appended to the variable's value.
+.PP
+A variable can be assigned the \fInameref\fP attribute using the
+\fB\-n\fP option to the \fBdeclare\fP or \fBlocal\fP builtin commands
+(see the descriptions of \fBdeclare\fP and \fBlocal\fP below)
+to create a \fInameref\fP, or a reference to another variable.
+This allows variables to be manipulated indirectly.
+Whenever the nameref variable is referenced or assigned to, the operation
+is actually performed on the variable specified by the nameref variable's
+value.
+A nameref is commonly used within shell functions to refer to a variable
+whose name is passed as an argument to the function.
+For instance, if a variable name is passed to a shell function as its first
+argument, running
+.sp .5
+.RS
+.if t \f(CWdeclare -n ref=$1\fP
+.if n declare -n ref=$1
+.RE
+.sp .5
+inside the function creates a nameref variable \fBref\fP whose value is
+the variable name passed as the first argument.
+References and assignments to \fBref\fP are treated as references and
+assignments to the variable whose name was passed as \fB$1\fP.
+If the control variable in a \fBfor\fP loop has the nameref attribute,
+the list of words can be a list of shell variables, and a name reference
+will be established for each word in the list, in turn, when the loop is
+executed.
+Array variables cannot be given the \fB\-n\fP attribute.
+However, nameref variables can reference array variables and subscripted
+array variables.
+Namerefs can be unset using the \fB\-n\fP option to the \fBunset\fP builtin.
+Otherwise, if \fBunset\fP is executed with the name of a nameref variable
+as an argument, the variable referenced by the nameref variable will be unset.
+.SS Positional Parameters
+.PP
+A
+.I positional parameter
+is a parameter denoted by one or more
+digits, other than the single digit 0. Positional parameters are
+assigned from the shell's arguments when it is invoked,
+and may be reassigned using the
+.B set
+builtin command. Positional parameters may not be assigned to
+with assignment statements. The positional parameters are
+temporarily replaced when a shell function is executed (see
+.SM
+.B FUNCTIONS
+below).
+.PP
+When a positional parameter consisting of more than a single
+digit is expanded, it must be enclosed in braces (see
+.SM
+.B EXPANSION
+below).
+.SS Special Parameters
+.PP
+The shell treats several parameters specially. These parameters may
+only be referenced; assignment to them is not allowed.
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B *
+Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one.
+When the expansion is not within double quotes, each positional parameter
+expands to a separate word.
+When the expansion occurs within double quotes, it expands to a single word
+with the value of each parameter separated by the first character
+of the
+.SM
+.B IFS
+special variable. That is, "\fB$*\fP" is equivalent
+to "\fB$1\fP\fIc\fP\fB$2\fP\fIc\fP\fB...\fP", where
+.I c
+is the first character of the value of the
+.SM
+.B IFS
+variable. If
+.SM
+.B IFS
+is unset, the parameters are separated by spaces.
+If
+.SM
+.B IFS
+is null, the parameters are joined without intervening separators.
+.TP
+.B @
+Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one. When the
+expansion occurs within double quotes, each parameter expands to a
+separate word. That is, "\fB$@\fP" is equivalent to
+"\fB$1\fP" "\fB$2\fP" ...
+If the double-quoted expansion occurs within a word, the expansion of
+the first parameter is joined with the beginning part of the original
+word, and the expansion of the last parameter is joined with the last
+part of the original word.
+When there are no positional parameters, "\fB$@\fP" and
+.B $@
+expand to nothing (i.e., they are removed).
+.TP
+.B #
+Expands to the number of positional parameters in decimal.
+.TP
+.B ?
+Expands to the exit status of the most recently executed foreground
+pipeline.
+.TP
+.B \-
+Expands to the current option flags as specified upon invocation,
+by the
+.B set
+builtin command, or those set by the shell itself
+(such as the
+.B \-i
+option).
+.TP
+.B $
+Expands to the process ID of the shell. In a () subshell, it
+expands to the process ID of the current shell, not the
+subshell.
+.TP
+.B !
+Expands to the process ID of the job most recently placed into the
+background, whether executed as an asynchronous command or using
+the \fBbg\fP builtin (see
+.SM
+.B "JOB CONTROL"
+below).
+.TP
+.B 0
+Expands to the name of the shell or shell script. This is set at
+shell initialization. If
+.B bash
+is invoked with a file of commands,
+.B $0
+is set to the name of that file. If
+.B bash
+is started with the
+.B \-c
+option, then
+.B $0
+is set to the first argument after the string to be
+executed, if one is present. Otherwise, it is set
+to the filename used to invoke
+.BR bash ,
+as given by argument zero.
+.TP
+.B _
+At shell startup, set to the absolute pathname used to invoke the
+shell or shell script being executed as passed in the environment
+or argument list.
+Subsequently, expands to the last argument to the previous command,
+after expansion.
+Also set to the full pathname used to invoke each command executed
+and placed in the environment exported to that command.
+When checking mail, this parameter holds the name of the mail file
+currently being checked.
+.PD
+.SS Shell Variables
+.PP
+The following variables are set by the shell:
+.PP
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B BASH
+Expands to the full filename used to invoke this instance of
+.BR bash .
+.TP
+.B BASHOPTS
+A colon-separated list of enabled shell options. Each word in
+the list is a valid argument for the
+.B \-s
+option to the
+.B shopt
+builtin command (see
+.SM
+.B "SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS"
+below). The options appearing in
+.SM
+.B BASHOPTS
+are those reported as
+.I on
+by \fBshopt\fP.
+If this variable is in the environment when
+.B bash
+starts up, each shell option in the list will be enabled before
+reading any startup files.
+This variable is read-only.
+.TP
+.B BASHPID
+Expands to the process ID of the current \fBbash\fP process.
+This differs from \fB$$\fP under certain circumstances, such as subshells
+that do not require \fBbash\fP to be re-initialized.
+.TP
+.B BASH_ALIASES
+An associative array variable whose members correspond to the internal
+list of aliases as maintained by the \fBalias\fP builtin.
+Elements added to this array appear in the alias list; unsetting array
+elements cause aliases to be removed from the alias list.
+.TP
+.B BASH_ARGC
+An array variable whose values are the number of parameters in each
+frame of the current \fBbash\fP execution call stack.
+The number of
+parameters to the current subroutine (shell function or script executed
+with \fB.\fP or \fBsource\fP) is at the top of the stack.
+When a subroutine is executed, the number of parameters passed is pushed onto
+.SM
+.BR BASH_ARGC .
+The shell sets
+.SM
+.B BASH_ARGC
+only when in extended debugging mode (see the description of the
+.B extdebug
+option to the
+.B shopt
+builtin below)
+.TP
+.B BASH_ARGV
+An array variable containing all of the parameters in the current \fBbash\fP
+execution call stack. The final parameter of the last subroutine call
+is at the top of the stack; the first parameter of the initial call is
+at the bottom. When a subroutine is executed, the parameters supplied
+are pushed onto
+.SM
+.BR BASH_ARGV .
+The shell sets
+.SM
+.B BASH_ARGV
+only when in extended debugging mode
+(see the description of the
+.B extdebug
+option to the
+.B shopt
+builtin below)
+.TP
+.B BASH_CMDS
+An associative array variable whose members correspond to the internal
+hash table of commands as maintained by the \fBhash\fP builtin.
+Elements added to this array appear in the hash table; unsetting array
+elements cause commands to be removed from the hash table.
+.TP
+.B BASH_COMMAND
+The command currently being executed or about to be executed, unless the
+shell is executing a command as the result of a trap,
+in which case it is the command executing at the time of the trap.
+.TP
+.B BASH_EXECUTION_STRING
+The command argument to the \fB\-c\fP invocation option.
+.TP
+.B BASH_LINENO
+An array variable whose members are the line numbers in source files
+where each corresponding member of
+.SM
+.B FUNCNAME
+was invoked.
+\fB${BASH_LINENO[\fP\fI$i\fP\fB]}\fP is the line number in the source
+file (\fB${BASH_SOURCE[\fP\fI$i+1\fP\fB]}\fP) where
+\fB${FUNCNAME[\fP\fI$i\fP\fB]}\fP was called
+(or \fB${BASH_LINENO[\fP\fI$i-1\fP\fB]}\fP if referenced within another
+shell function).
+Use
+.SM
+.B LINENO
+to obtain the current line number.
+.TP
+.B BASH_REMATCH
+An array variable whose members are assigned by the \fB=~\fP binary
+operator to the \fB[[\fP conditional command.
+The element with index 0 is the portion of the string
+matching the entire regular expression.
+The element with index \fIn\fP is the portion of the
+string matching the \fIn\fPth parenthesized subexpression.
+This variable is read-only.
+.TP
+.B BASH_SOURCE
+An array variable whose members are the source filenames
+where the corresponding shell function names in the
+.SM
+.B FUNCNAME
+array variable are defined.
+The shell function
+\fB${FUNCNAME[\fP\fI$i\fP\fB]}\fP is defined in the file
+\fB${BASH_SOURCE[\fP\fI$i\fP\fB]}\fP and called from
+\fB${BASH_SOURCE[\fP\fI$i+1\fP\fB]}\fP.
+.TP
+.B BASH_SUBSHELL
+Incremented by one within each subshell or subshell environment when
+the shell begins executing in that environment.
+The initial value is 0.
+.TP
+.B BASH_VERSINFO
+A readonly array variable whose members hold version information for
+this instance of
+.BR bash .
+The values assigned to the array members are as follows:
+.sp .5
+.RS
+.TP 24
+.B BASH_VERSINFO[\fR0\fP]
+The major version number (the \fIrelease\fP).
+.TP
+.B BASH_VERSINFO[\fR1\fP]
+The minor version number (the \fIversion\fP).
+.TP
+.B BASH_VERSINFO[\fR2\fP]
+The patch level.
+.TP
+.B BASH_VERSINFO[\fR3\fP]
+The build version.
+.TP
+.B BASH_VERSINFO[\fR4\fP]
+The release status (e.g., \fIbeta1\fP).
+.TP
+.B BASH_VERSINFO[\fR5\fP]
+The value of
+.SM
+.BR MACHTYPE .
+.RE
+.TP
+.B BASH_VERSION
+Expands to a string describing the version of this instance of
+.BR bash .
+.TP
+.B COMP_CWORD
+An index into \fB${COMP_WORDS}\fP of the word containing the current
+cursor position.
+This variable is available only in shell functions invoked by the
+programmable completion facilities (see \fBProgrammable Completion\fP
+below).
+.TP
+.B COMP_KEY
+The key (or final key of a key sequence) used to invoke the current
+completion function.
+.TP
+.B COMP_LINE
+The current command line.
+This variable is available only in shell functions and external
+commands invoked by the
+programmable completion facilities (see \fBProgrammable Completion\fP
+below).
+.TP
+.B COMP_POINT
+The index of the current cursor position relative to the beginning of
+the current command.
+If the current cursor position is at the end of the current command,
+the value of this variable is equal to \fB${#COMP_LINE}\fP.
+This variable is available only in shell functions and external
+commands invoked by the
+programmable completion facilities (see \fBProgrammable Completion\fP
+below).
+.TP
+.B COMP_TYPE
+Set to an integer value corresponding to the type of completion attempted
+that caused a completion function to be called:
+\fITAB\fP, for normal completion,
+\fI?\fP, for listing completions after successive tabs,
+\fI!\fP, for listing alternatives on partial word completion,
+\fI@\fP, to list completions if the word is not unmodified,
+or
+\fI%\fP, for menu completion.
+This variable is available only in shell functions and external
+commands invoked by the
+programmable completion facilities (see \fBProgrammable Completion\fP
+below).
+.TP
+.B COMP_WORDBREAKS
+The set of characters that the \fBreadline\fP library treats as word
+separators when performing word completion.
+If
+.SM
+.B COMP_WORDBREAKS
+is unset, it loses its special properties, even if it is
+subsequently reset.
+.TP
+.B COMP_WORDS
+An array variable (see \fBArrays\fP below) consisting of the individual
+words in the current command line.
+The line is split into words as \fBreadline\fP would split it, using
+.SM
+.B COMP_WORDBREAKS
+as described above.
+This variable is available only in shell functions invoked by the
+programmable completion facilities (see \fBProgrammable Completion\fP
+below).
+.TP
+.B COPROC
+An array variable (see \fBArrays\fP below) created to hold the file descriptors
+for output from and input to an unnamed coprocess (see \fBCoprocesses\fP
+above).
+.TP
+.B DIRSTACK
+An array variable (see
+.B Arrays
+below) containing the current contents of the directory stack.
+Directories appear in the stack in the order they are displayed by the
+.B dirs
+builtin.
+Assigning to members of this array variable may be used to modify
+directories already in the stack, but the
+.B pushd
+and
+.B popd
+builtins must be used to add and remove directories.
+Assignment to this variable will not change the current directory.
+If
+.SM
+.B DIRSTACK
+is unset, it loses its special properties, even if it is
+subsequently reset.
+.TP
+.B EUID
+Expands to the effective user ID of the current user, initialized at
+shell startup. This variable is readonly.
+.TP
+.B FUNCNAME
+An array variable containing the names of all shell functions
+currently in the execution call stack.
+The element with index 0 is the name of any currently-executing
+shell function.
+The bottom-most element (the one with the highest index) is
+.if t \f(CW"main"\fP.
+.if n "main".
+This variable exists only when a shell function is executing.
+Assignments to
+.SM
+.B FUNCNAME
+have no effect and return an error status.
+If
+.SM
+.B FUNCNAME
+is unset, it loses its special properties, even if it is
+subsequently reset.
+.if t .sp 0.5
+.if n .sp 1
+This variable can be used with \fBBASH_LINENO\fP and \fBBASH_SOURCE\fP.
+Each element of \fBFUNCNAME\fP has corresponding elements in
+\fBBASH_LINENO\fP and \fBBASH_SOURCE\fP to describe the call stack.
+For instance, \fB${FUNCNAME[\fP\fI$i\fP\fB]}\fP was called from the file
+\fB${BASH_SOURCE[\fP\fI$i+1\fP\fB]}\fP at line number
+\fB${BASH_LINENO[\fP\fI$i\fP\fB]}\fP.
+The \fBcaller\fP builtin displays the current call stack using this
+information.
+.TP
+.B GROUPS
+An array variable containing the list of groups of which the current
+user is a member.
+Assignments to
+.SM
+.B GROUPS
+have no effect and return an error status.
+If
+.SM
+.B GROUPS
+is unset, it loses its special properties, even if it is
+subsequently reset.
+.TP
+.B HISTCMD
+The history number, or index in the history list, of the current
+command.
+If
+.SM
+.B HISTCMD
+is unset, it loses its special properties, even if it is
+subsequently reset.
+.TP
+.B HOSTNAME
+Automatically set to the name of the current host.
+.TP
+.B HOSTTYPE
+Automatically set to a string that uniquely
+describes the type of machine on which
+.B bash
+is executing.
+The default is system-dependent.
+.TP
+.B LINENO
+Each time this parameter is referenced, the shell substitutes
+a decimal number representing the current sequential line number
+(starting with 1) within a script or function. When not in a
+script or function, the value substituted is not guaranteed to
+be meaningful.
+If
+.SM
+.B LINENO
+is unset, it loses its special properties, even if it is
+subsequently reset.
+.TP
+.B MACHTYPE
+Automatically set to a string that fully describes the system
+type on which
+.B bash
+is executing, in the standard GNU \fIcpu-company-system\fP format.
+The default is system-dependent.
+.TP
+.B MAPFILE
+An array variable (see \fBArrays\fP below) created to hold the text
+read by the \fBmapfile\fP builtin when no variable name is supplied.
+.TP
+.B OLDPWD
+The previous working directory as set by the
+.B cd
+command.
+.TP
+.B OPTARG
+The value of the last option argument processed by the
+.B getopts
+builtin command (see
+.SM
+.B SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS
+below).
+.TP
+.B OPTIND
+The index of the next argument to be processed by the
+.B getopts
+builtin command (see
+.SM
+.B SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS
+below).
+.TP
+.B OSTYPE
+Automatically set to a string that
+describes the operating system on which
+.B bash
+is executing.
+The default is system-dependent.
+.TP
+.B PIPESTATUS
+An array variable (see
+.B Arrays
+below) containing a list of exit status values from the processes
+in the most-recently-executed foreground pipeline (which may
+contain only a single command).
+.TP
+.B PPID
+The process ID of the shell's parent. This variable is readonly.
+.TP
+.B PWD
+The current working directory as set by the
+.B cd
+command.
+.TP
+.B RANDOM
+Each time this parameter is referenced, a random integer between
+0 and 32767 is
+generated. The sequence of random numbers may be initialized by assigning
+a value to
+.SM
+.BR RANDOM .
+If
+.SM
+.B RANDOM
+is unset, it loses its special properties, even if it is
+subsequently reset.
+.TP
+.B READLINE_LINE
+The contents of the
+.B readline
+line buffer, for use with
+.if t \f(CWbind -x\fP
+.if n "bind -x"
+(see
+.SM
+.B "SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS"
+below).
+.TP
+.B READLINE_POINT
+The position of the insertion point in the
+.B readline
+line buffer, for use with
+.if t \f(CWbind -x\fP
+.if n "bind -x"
+(see
+.SM
+.B "SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS"
+below).
+.TP
+.B REPLY
+Set to the line of input read by the
+.B read
+builtin command when no arguments are supplied.
+.TP
+.B SECONDS
+Each time this parameter is
+referenced, the number of seconds since shell invocation is returned. If a
+value is assigned to
+.SM
+.BR SECONDS ,
+the value returned upon subsequent
+references is
+the number of seconds since the assignment plus the value assigned.
+If
+.SM
+.B SECONDS
+is unset, it loses its special properties, even if it is
+subsequently reset.
+.TP
+.B SHELLOPTS
+A colon-separated list of enabled shell options. Each word in
+the list is a valid argument for the
+.B \-o
+option to the
+.B set
+builtin command (see
+.SM
+.B "SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS"
+below). The options appearing in
+.SM
+.B SHELLOPTS
+are those reported as
+.I on
+by \fBset \-o\fP.
+If this variable is in the environment when
+.B bash
+starts up, each shell option in the list will be enabled before
+reading any startup files.
+This variable is read-only.
+.TP
+.B SHLVL
+Incremented by one each time an instance of
+.B bash
+is started.
+.TP
+.B UID
+Expands to the user ID of the current user, initialized at shell startup.
+This variable is readonly.
+.PD
+.PP
+The following variables are used by the shell. In some cases,
+.B bash
+assigns a default value to a variable; these cases are noted
+below.
+.PP
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B BASH_COMPAT
+The value is used to set the shell's compatibility level.
+See the description of the \fBshopt\fP builtin below under
+\fBSHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS\fP
+for a description of the various compatibility
+levels and their effects.
+The value may be a decimal number (e.g., 4.2) or an integer (e.g., 42)
+corresponding to the desired compatibility level.
+If \fBBASH_COMPAT\fP is unset or set to the empty string, the compatibility
+level is set to the default for the current version.
+If \fBBASH_COMPAT\fP is set to a value that is not one of the valid
+compatibility levels, the shell prints an error message and sets the
+compatibility level to the default for the current version.
+The valid compatibility levels correspond to the compatibility options
+accepted by the \fBshopt\fP builtin described below (for example,
+\fBcompat42\fP means that 4.2 and 42 are valid values).
+The current version is also a valid value.
+.TP
+.B BASH_ENV
+If this parameter is set when \fBbash\fP is executing a shell script,
+its value is interpreted as a filename containing commands to
+initialize the shell, as in
+.IR ~/.bashrc .
+The value of
+.SM
+.B BASH_ENV
+is subjected to parameter expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic
+expansion before being interpreted as a filename.
+.SM
+.B PATH
+is not used to search for the resultant filename.
+.TP
+.B BASH_XTRACEFD
+If set to an integer corresponding to a valid file descriptor, \fBbash\fP
+will write the trace output generated when
+.if t \f(CWset -x\fP
+.if n \fIset -x\fP
+is enabled to that file descriptor.
+The file descriptor is closed when
+.SM
+.B BASH_XTRACEFD
+is unset or assigned a new value.
+Unsetting
+.SM
+.B BASH_XTRACEFD
+or assigning it the empty string causes the
+trace output to be sent to the standard error.
+Note that setting
+.SM
+.B BASH_XTRACEFD
+to 2 (the standard error file
+descriptor) and then unsetting it will result in the standard error
+being closed.
+.TP
+.B CDPATH
+The search path for the
+.B cd
+command.
+This is a colon-separated list of directories in which the shell looks
+for destination directories specified by the
+.B cd
+command.
+A sample value is
+.if t \f(CW".:~:/usr"\fP.
+.if n ".:~:/usr".
+.TP
+.B CHILD_MAX
+Set the number of exited child status values for the shell to remember.
+Bash will not allow this value to be decreased below a POSIX-mandated
+minimum, and there is a maximum value (currently 8192) that this may
+not exceed.
+The minimum value is system-dependent.
+.TP
+.B COLUMNS
+Used by the \fBselect\fP compound command to determine the terminal width
+when printing selection lists.
+Automatically set if the
+.B checkwinsize
+option is enabled or in an interactive shell upon receipt of a
+.SM
+.BR SIGWINCH .
+.TP
+.B COMPREPLY
+An array variable from which \fBbash\fP reads the possible completions
+generated by a shell function invoked by the programmable completion
+facility (see \fBProgrammable Completion\fP below).
+Each array element contains one possible completion.
+.TP
+.B EMACS
+If \fBbash\fP finds this variable in the environment when the shell starts
+with value
+.if t \f(CWt\fP,
+.if n "t",
+it assumes that the shell is running in an Emacs shell buffer and disables
+line editing.
+.TP
+.B ENV
+Similar to
+.SM
+.BR BASH_ENV ;
+used when the shell is invoked in POSIX mode.
+.TP
+.B FCEDIT
+The default editor for the
+.B fc
+builtin command.
+.TP
+.B FIGNORE
+A colon-separated list of suffixes to ignore when performing
+filename completion (see
+.SM
+.B READLINE
+below).
+A filename whose suffix matches one of the entries in
+.SM
+.B FIGNORE
+is excluded from the list of matched filenames.
+A sample value is
+.if t \f(CW".o:~"\fP.
+.if n ".o:~".
+.TP
+.B FUNCNEST
+If set to a numeric value greater than 0, defines a maximum function
+nesting level. Function invocations that exceed this nesting level
+will cause the current command to abort.
+.TP
+.B GLOBIGNORE
+A colon-separated list of patterns defining the set of filenames to
+be ignored by pathname expansion.
+If a filename matched by a pathname expansion pattern also matches one
+of the patterns in
+.SM
+.BR GLOBIGNORE ,
+it is removed from the list of matches.
+.TP
+.B HISTCONTROL
+A colon-separated list of values controlling how commands are saved on
+the history list.
+If the list of values includes
+.IR ignorespace ,
+lines which begin with a
+.B space
+character are not saved in the history list.
+A value of
+.I ignoredups
+causes lines matching the previous history entry to not be saved.
+A value of
+.I ignoreboth
+is shorthand for \fIignorespace\fP and \fIignoredups\fP.
+A value of
+.IR erasedups
+causes all previous lines matching the current line to be removed from
+the history list before that line is saved.
+Any value not in the above list is ignored.
+If
+.SM
+.B HISTCONTROL
+is unset, or does not include a valid value,
+all lines read by the shell parser are saved on the history list,
+subject to the value of
+.SM
+.BR HISTIGNORE .
+The second and subsequent lines of a multi-line compound command are
+not tested, and are added to the history regardless of the value of
+.SM
+.BR HISTCONTROL .
+.TP
+.B HISTFILE
+The name of the file in which command history is saved (see
+.SM
+.B HISTORY
+below). The default value is \fI~/.bash_history\fP. If unset, the
+command history is not saved when a shell exits.
+.TP
+.B HISTFILESIZE
+The maximum number of lines contained in the history file. When this
+variable is assigned a value, the history file is truncated, if
+necessary,
+to contain no more than that number of lines by removing the oldest entries.
+The history file is also truncated to this size after
+writing it when a shell exits.
+If the value is 0, the history file is truncated to zero size.
+Non-numeric values and numeric values less than zero inhibit truncation.
+The shell sets the default value to the value of \fBHISTSIZE\fP
+after reading any startup files.
+.TP
+.B HISTIGNORE
+A colon-separated list of patterns used to decide which command lines
+should be saved on the history list. Each pattern is anchored at the
+beginning of the line and must match the complete line (no implicit
+`\fB*\fP' is appended). Each pattern is tested against the line
+after the checks specified by
+.SM
+.B HISTCONTROL
+are applied.
+In addition to the normal shell pattern matching characters, `\fB&\fP'
+matches the previous history line. `\fB&\fP' may be escaped using a
+backslash; the backslash is removed before attempting a match.
+The second and subsequent lines of a multi-line compound command are
+not tested, and are added to the history regardless of the value of
+.SM
+.BR HISTIGNORE .
+.TP
+.B HISTSIZE
+The number of commands to remember in the command history (see
+.SM
+.B HISTORY
+below).
+If the value is 0, commands are not saved in the history list.
+Numeric values less than zero result in every command being saved
+on the history list (there is no limit).
+The shell sets the default value to 500 after reading any startup files.
+.TP
+.B HISTTIMEFORMAT
+If this variable is set and not null, its value is used as a format string
+for \fIstrftime\fP(3) to print the time stamp associated with each history
+entry displayed by the \fBhistory\fP builtin.
+If this variable is set, time stamps are written to the history file so
+they may be preserved across shell sessions.
+This uses the history comment character to distinguish timestamps from
+other history lines.
+.TP
+.B HOME
+The home directory of the current user; the default argument for the
+\fBcd\fP builtin command.
+The value of this variable is also used when performing tilde expansion.
+.TP
+.B HOSTFILE
+Contains the name of a file in the same format as
+.FN /etc/hosts
+that should be read when the shell needs to complete a
+hostname.
+The list of possible hostname completions may be changed while the
+shell is running;
+the next time hostname completion is attempted after the
+value is changed,
+.B bash
+adds the contents of the new file to the existing list.
+If
+.SM
+.B HOSTFILE
+is set, but has no value, or does not name a readable file,
+\fBbash\fP attempts to read
+.FN /etc/hosts
+to obtain the list of possible hostname completions.
+When
+.SM
+.B HOSTFILE
+is unset, the hostname list is cleared.
+.TP
+.B IFS
+The
+.I Internal Field Separator
+that is used
+for word splitting after expansion and to
+split lines into words with the
+.B read
+builtin command. The default value is
+``<space><tab><newline>''.
+.TP
+.B IGNOREEOF
+Controls the
+action of an interactive shell on receipt of an
+.SM
+.B EOF
+character as the sole input. If set, the value is the number of
+consecutive
+.SM
+.B EOF
+characters which must be
+typed as the first characters on an input line before
+.B bash
+exits. If the variable exists but does not have a numeric value, or
+has no value, the default value is 10. If it does not exist,
+.SM
+.B EOF
+signifies the end of input to the shell.
+.TP
+.B INPUTRC
+The filename for the
+.B readline
+startup file, overriding the default of
+.FN ~/.inputrc
+(see
+.SM
+.B READLINE
+below).
+.TP
+.B LANG
+Used to determine the locale category for any category not specifically
+selected with a variable starting with \fBLC_\fP.
+.TP
+.B LC_ALL
+This variable overrides the value of
+.SM
+.B LANG
+and any other
+\fBLC_\fP variable specifying a locale category.
+.TP
+.B LC_COLLATE
+This variable determines the collation order used when sorting the
+results of pathname expansion, and determines the behavior of range
+expressions, equivalence classes, and collating sequences within
+pathname expansion and pattern matching.
+.TP
+.B LC_CTYPE
+This variable determines the interpretation of characters and the
+behavior of character classes within pathname expansion and pattern
+matching.
+.TP
+.B LC_MESSAGES
+This variable determines the locale used to translate double-quoted
+strings preceded by a \fB$\fP.
+.TP
+.B LC_NUMERIC
+This variable determines the locale category used for number formatting.
+.TP
+.B LINES
+Used by the \fBselect\fP compound command to determine the column length
+for printing selection lists.
+Automatically set if the
+.B checkwinsize
+option is enabled or in an interactive shell upon receipt of a
+.SM
+.BR SIGWINCH .
+.TP
+.B MAIL
+If this parameter is set to a file or directory name and the
+.SM
+.B MAILPATH
+variable is not set,
+.B bash
+informs the user of the arrival of mail in the specified file or
+Maildir-format directory.
+.TP
+.B MAILCHECK
+Specifies how
+often (in seconds)
+.B bash
+checks for mail. The default is 60 seconds. When it is time to check
+for mail, the shell does so before displaying the primary prompt.
+If this variable is unset, or set to a value that is not a number
+greater than or equal to zero, the shell disables mail checking.
+.TP
+.B MAILPATH
+A colon-separated list of filenames to be checked for mail.
+The message to be printed when mail arrives in a particular file
+may be specified by separating the filename from the message with a `?'.
+When used in the text of the message, \fB$_\fP expands to the name of
+the current mailfile.
+Example:
+.RS
+.PP
+\fBMAILPATH\fP=\(aq/var/mail/bfox?"You have mail":~/shell\-mail?"$_ has mail!"\(aq
+.PP
+.B Bash
+supplies a default value for this variable, but the location of the user
+mail files that it uses is system dependent (e.g., /var/mail/\fB$USER\fP).
+.RE
+.TP
+.B OPTERR
+If set to the value 1,
+.B bash
+displays error messages generated by the
+.B getopts
+builtin command (see
+.SM
+.B SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS
+below).
+.SM
+.B OPTERR
+is initialized to 1 each time the shell is invoked or a shell
+script is executed.
+.TP
+.B PATH
+The search path for commands. It
+is a colon-separated list of directories in which
+the shell looks for commands (see
+.SM
+.B COMMAND EXECUTION
+below).
+A zero-length (null) directory name in the value of
+.SM
+.B PATH
+indicates the current directory.
+A null directory name may appear as two adjacent colons, or as an initial
+or trailing colon.
+The default path is system-dependent,
+and is set by the administrator who installs
+.BR bash .
+A common value is
+.if t \f(CW/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/sbin\fP.
+.if n ``/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/sbin''.
+.TP
+.B POSIXLY_CORRECT
+If this variable is in the environment when \fBbash\fP starts, the shell
+enters \fIposix mode\fP before reading the startup files, as if the
+.B \-\-posix
+invocation option had been supplied. If it is set while the shell is
+running, \fBbash\fP enables \fIposix mode\fP, as if the command
+.if t \f(CWset -o posix\fP
+.if n \fIset -o posix\fP
+had been executed.
+.TP
+.B PROMPT_COMMAND
+If set, the value is executed as a command prior to issuing each primary
+prompt.
+.TP
+.B PROMPT_DIRTRIM
+If set to a number greater than zero, the value is used as the number of
+trailing directory components to retain when expanding the \fB\ew\fP and
+\fB\eW\fP prompt string escapes (see
+.SM
+.B PROMPTING
+below). Characters removed are replaced with an ellipsis.
+.TP
+.B PS1
+The value of this parameter is expanded (see
+.SM
+.B PROMPTING
+below) and used as the primary prompt string. The default value is
+``\fB\es\-\ev\e$ \fP''.
+.TP
+.B PS2
+The value of this parameter is expanded as with
+.SM
+.B PS1
+and used as the secondary prompt string. The default is
+``\fB> \fP''.
+.TP
+.B PS3
+The value of this parameter is used as the prompt for the
+.B select
+command (see
+.SM
+.B SHELL GRAMMAR
+above).
+.TP
+.B PS4
+The value of this parameter is expanded as with
+.SM
+.B PS1
+and the value is printed before each command
+.B bash
+displays during an execution trace. The first character of
+.SM
+.B PS4
+is replicated multiple times, as necessary, to indicate multiple
+levels of indirection. The default is ``\fB+ \fP''.
+.TP
+.B SHELL
+The full pathname to the shell is kept in this environment variable.
+If it is not set when the shell starts,
+.B bash
+assigns to it the full pathname of the current user's login shell.
+.TP
+.B TIMEFORMAT
+The value of this parameter is used as a format string specifying
+how the timing information for pipelines prefixed with the
+.B time
+reserved word should be displayed.
+The \fB%\fP character introduces an escape sequence that is
+expanded to a time value or other information.
+The escape sequences and their meanings are as follows; the
+braces denote optional portions.
+.sp .5
+.RS
+.PD 0
+.TP 10
+.B %%
+A literal \fB%\fP.
+.TP
+.B %[\fIp\fP][l]R
+The elapsed time in seconds.
+.TP
+.B %[\fIp\fP][l]U
+The number of CPU seconds spent in user mode.
+.TP
+.B %[\fIp\fP][l]S
+The number of CPU seconds spent in system mode.
+.TP
+.B %P
+The CPU percentage, computed as (%U + %S) / %R.
+.PD
+.RE
+.IP
+The optional \fIp\fP is a digit specifying the \fIprecision\fP,
+the number of fractional digits after a decimal point.
+A value of 0 causes no decimal point or fraction to be output.
+At most three places after the decimal point may be specified;
+values of \fIp\fP greater than 3 are changed to 3.
+If \fIp\fP is not specified, the value 3 is used.
+.IP
+The optional \fBl\fP specifies a longer format, including
+minutes, of the form \fIMM\fPm\fISS\fP.\fIFF\fPs.
+The value of \fIp\fP determines whether or not the fraction is
+included.
+.IP
+If this variable is not set, \fBbash\fP acts as if it had the
+value \fB$\(aq\enreal\et%3lR\enuser\et%3lU\ensys\et%3lS\(aq\fP.
+If the value is null, no timing information is displayed.
+A trailing newline is added when the format string is displayed.
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B TMOUT
+If set to a value greater than zero,
+.SM
+.B TMOUT
+is treated as the
+default timeout for the \fBread\fP builtin.
+The \fBselect\fP command terminates if input does not arrive
+after
+.SM
+.B TMOUT
+seconds when input is coming from a terminal.
+In an interactive shell, the value is interpreted as the
+number of seconds to wait for a line of input after issuing the
+primary prompt.
+.B Bash
+terminates after waiting for that number of seconds if a complete
+line of input does not arrive.
+.TP
+.B TMPDIR
+If set, \fBbash\fP uses its value as the name of a directory in which
+\fBbash\fP creates temporary files for the shell's use.
+.TP
+.B auto_resume
+This variable controls how the shell interacts with the user and
+job control. If this variable is set, single word simple
+commands without redirections are treated as candidates for resumption
+of an existing stopped job. There is no ambiguity allowed; if there is
+more than one job beginning with the string typed, the job most recently
+accessed is selected. The
+.I name
+of a stopped job, in this context, is the command line used to
+start it.
+If set to the value
+.IR exact ,
+the string supplied must match the name of a stopped job exactly;
+if set to
+.IR substring ,
+the string supplied needs to match a substring of the name of a
+stopped job. The
+.I substring
+value provides functionality analogous to the
+.B %?
+job identifier (see
+.SM
+.B JOB CONTROL
+below). If set to any other value, the supplied string must
+be a prefix of a stopped job's name; this provides functionality
+analogous to the \fB%\fP\fIstring\fP job identifier.
+.TP
+.B histchars
+The two or three characters which control history expansion
+and tokenization (see
+.SM
+.B HISTORY EXPANSION
+below). The first character is the \fIhistory expansion\fP character,
+the character which signals the start of a history
+expansion, normally `\fB!\fP'.
+The second character is the \fIquick substitution\fP
+character, which is used as shorthand for re-running the previous
+command entered, substituting one string for another in the command.
+The default is `\fB^\fP'.
+The optional third character is the character
+which indicates that the remainder of the line is a comment when found
+as the first character of a word, normally `\fB#\fP'. The history
+comment character causes history substitution to be skipped for the
+remaining words on the line. It does not necessarily cause the shell
+parser to treat the rest of the line as a comment.
+.PD
+.SS Arrays
+.B Bash
+provides one-dimensional indexed and associative array variables.
+Any variable may be used as an indexed array; the
+.B declare
+builtin will explicitly declare an array.
+There is no maximum
+limit on the size of an array, nor any requirement that members
+be indexed or assigned contiguously.
+Indexed arrays are referenced using integers (including arithmetic
+expressions) and are zero-based; associative arrays are referenced
+using arbitrary strings.
+Unless otherwise noted, indexed array indices must be non-negative integers.
+.PP
+An indexed array is created automatically if any variable is assigned to
+using the syntax \fIname\fP[\fIsubscript\fP]=\fIvalue\fP. The
+.I subscript
+is treated as an arithmetic expression that must evaluate to a number.
+To explicitly declare an indexed array, use
+.B declare \-a \fIname\fP
+(see
+.SM
+.B SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS
+below).
+.B declare \-a \fIname\fP[\fIsubscript\fP]
+is also accepted; the \fIsubscript\fP is ignored.
+.PP
+Associative arrays are created using
+.BR "declare \-A \fIname\fP" .
+.PP
+Attributes may be
+specified for an array variable using the
+.B declare
+and
+.B readonly
+builtins. Each attribute applies to all members of an array.
+.PP
+Arrays are assigned to using compound assignments of the form
+\fIname\fP=\fB(\fPvalue\fI1\fP ... value\fIn\fP\fB)\fP, where each
+\fIvalue\fP is of the form [\fIsubscript\fP]=\fIstring\fP.
+Indexed array assignments do not require anything but \fIstring\fP.
+When assigning to indexed arrays, if the optional brackets and subscript
+are supplied, that index is assigned to;
+otherwise the index of the element assigned is the last index assigned
+to by the statement plus one. Indexing starts at zero.
+.PP
+When assigning to an associative array, the subscript is required.
+.PP
+This syntax is also accepted by the
+.B declare
+builtin. Individual array elements may be assigned to using the
+\fIname\fP[\fIsubscript\fP]=\fIvalue\fP syntax introduced above.
+When assigning to an indexed array, if
+.I name
+is subscripted by a negative number, that number is
+interpreted as relative to one greater than the maximum index of
+\fIname\fP, so negative indices count back from the end of the
+array, and an index of \-1 references the last element.
+.PP
+Any element of an array may be referenced using
+${\fIname\fP[\fIsubscript\fP]}. The braces are required to avoid
+conflicts with pathname expansion. If
+\fIsubscript\fP is \fB@\fP or \fB*\fP, the word expands to
+all members of \fIname\fP. These subscripts differ only when the
+word appears within double quotes. If the word is double-quoted,
+${\fIname\fP[*]} expands to a single
+word with the value of each array member separated by the first
+character of the
+.SM
+.B IFS
+special variable, and ${\fIname\fP[@]} expands each element of
+\fIname\fP to a separate word. When there are no array members,
+${\fIname\fP[@]} expands to nothing.
+If the double-quoted expansion occurs within a word, the expansion of
+the first parameter is joined with the beginning part of the original
+word, and the expansion of the last parameter is joined with the last
+part of the original word.
+This is analogous to the expansion
+of the special parameters \fB*\fP and \fB@\fP (see
+.B Special Parameters
+above). ${#\fIname\fP[\fIsubscript\fP]} expands to the length of
+${\fIname\fP[\fIsubscript\fP]}. If \fIsubscript\fP is \fB*\fP or
+\fB@\fP, the expansion is the number of elements in the array.
+Referencing an array variable without a subscript is equivalent to
+referencing the array with a subscript of 0.
+If the
+.I subscript
+used to reference an element of an indexed array
+evaluates to a number less than zero, it is
+interpreted as relative to one greater than the maximum index of the array,
+so negative indices count back from the end of the
+array, and an index of \-1 references the last element.
+.PP
+An array variable is considered set if a subscript has been assigned a
+value. The null string is a valid value.
+.PP
+It is possible to obtain the keys (indices) of an array as well as the values.
+${\fB!\fP\fIname\fP[\fI@\fP]} and ${\fB!\fP\fIname\fP[\fI*\fP]}
+expand to the indices assigned in array variable \fIname\fP.
+The treatment when in double quotes is similar to the expansion of the
+special parameters \fI@\fP and \fI*\fP within double quotes.
+.PP
+The
+.B unset
+builtin is used to destroy arrays. \fBunset\fP \fIname\fP[\fIsubscript\fP]
+destroys the array element at index \fIsubscript\fP.
+Negative subscripts to indexed arrays are interpreted as described above.
+Care must be taken to avoid unwanted side effects caused by pathname
+expansion.
+\fBunset\fP \fIname\fP, where \fIname\fP is an array, or
+\fBunset\fP \fIname\fP[\fIsubscript\fP], where
+\fIsubscript\fP is \fB*\fP or \fB@\fP, removes the entire array.
+.PP
+The
+.BR declare ,
+.BR local ,
+and
+.B readonly
+builtins each accept a
+.B \-a
+option to specify an indexed array and a
+.B \-A
+option to specify an associative array.
+If both options are supplied,
+.B \-A
+takes precedence.
+The
+.B read
+builtin accepts a
+.B \-a
+option to assign a list of words read from the standard input
+to an array. The
+.B set
+and
+.B declare
+builtins display array values in a way that allows them to be
+reused as assignments.
+.SH EXPANSION
+Expansion is performed on the command line after it has been split into
+words. There are seven kinds of expansion performed:
+.IR "brace expansion" ,
+.IR "tilde expansion" ,
+.IR "parameter and variable expansion" ,
+.IR "command substitution" ,
+.IR "arithmetic expansion" ,
+.IR "word splitting" ,
+and
+.IR "pathname expansion" .
+.PP
+The order of expansions is:
+brace expansion;
+tilde expansion, parameter and variable expansion, arithmetic expansion,
+and command substitution (done in a left-to-right fashion);
+word splitting;
+and pathname expansion.
+.PP
+On systems that can support it, there is an additional expansion
+available: \fIprocess substitution\fP.
+This is performed at the
+same time as tilde, parameter, variable, and arithmetic expansion and
+command substitution.
+.PP
+Only brace expansion, word splitting, and pathname expansion
+can change the number of words of the expansion; other expansions
+expand a single word to a single word.
+The only exceptions to this are the expansions of
+"\fB$@\fP" and "\fB${\fP\fIname\fP\fB[@]}\fP"
+as explained above (see
+.SM
+.BR PARAMETERS ).
+.SS Brace Expansion
+.PP
+.I "Brace expansion"
+is a mechanism by which arbitrary strings
+may be generated. This mechanism is similar to
+\fIpathname expansion\fP, but the filenames generated
+need not exist. Patterns to be brace expanded take
+the form of an optional
+.IR preamble ,
+followed by either a series of comma-separated strings or
+a sequence expression between a pair of braces, followed by
+an optional
+.IR postscript .
+The preamble is prefixed to each string contained
+within the braces, and the postscript is then appended
+to each resulting string, expanding left to right.
+.PP
+Brace expansions may be nested. The results of each expanded
+string are not sorted; left to right order is preserved.
+For example, a\fB{\fPd,c,b\fB}\fPe expands into `ade ace abe'.
+.PP
+A sequence expression takes the form
+\fB{\fP\fIx\fP\fB..\fP\fIy\fP\fB[..\fP\fIincr\fP\fB]}\fP,
+where \fIx\fP and \fIy\fP are either integers or single characters,
+and \fIincr\fP, an optional increment, is an integer.
+When integers are supplied, the expression expands to each number between
+\fIx\fP and \fIy\fP, inclusive.
+Supplied integers may be prefixed with \fI0\fP to force each term to have the
+same width.
+When either \fIx\fP or \fPy\fP begins with a zero, the shell
+attempts to force all generated terms to contain the same number of digits,
+zero-padding where necessary.
+When characters are supplied, the expression expands to each character
+lexicographically between \fIx\fP and \fIy\fP, inclusive,
+using the default C locale.
+Note that both \fIx\fP and \fIy\fP must be of the same type.
+When the increment is supplied, it is used as the difference between
+each term. The default increment is 1 or -1 as appropriate.
+.PP
+Brace expansion is performed before any other expansions,
+and any characters special to other expansions are preserved
+in the result. It is strictly textual.
+.B Bash
+does not apply any syntactic interpretation to the context of the
+expansion or the text between the braces.
+.PP
+A correctly-formed brace expansion must contain unquoted opening
+and closing braces, and at least one unquoted comma or a valid
+sequence expression.
+Any incorrectly formed brace expansion is left unchanged.
+A \fB{\fP or \fB,\fP may be quoted with a backslash to prevent its
+being considered part of a brace expression.
+To avoid conflicts with parameter expansion, the string \fB${\fP
+is not considered eligible for brace expansion.
+.PP
+This construct is typically used as shorthand when the common
+prefix of the strings to be generated is longer than in the
+above example:
+.RS
+.PP
+mkdir /usr/local/src/bash/{old,new,dist,bugs}
+.RE
+or
+.RS
+chown root /usr/{ucb/{ex,edit},lib/{ex?.?*,how_ex}}
+.RE
+.PP
+Brace expansion introduces a slight incompatibility with
+historical versions of
+.BR sh .
+.B sh
+does not treat opening or closing braces specially when they
+appear as part of a word, and preserves them in the output.
+.B Bash
+removes braces from words as a consequence of brace
+expansion. For example, a word entered to
+.B sh
+as \fIfile{1,2}\fP
+appears identically in the output. The same word is
+output as
+.I file1 file2
+after expansion by
+.BR bash .
+If strict compatibility with
+.B sh
+is desired, start
+.B bash
+with the
+.B +B
+option or disable brace expansion with the
+.B +B
+option to the
+.B set
+command (see
+.SM
+.B SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS
+below).
+.SS Tilde Expansion
+.PP
+If a word begins with an unquoted tilde character (`\fB~\fP'), all of
+the characters preceding the first unquoted slash (or all characters,
+if there is no unquoted slash) are considered a \fItilde-prefix\fP.
+If none of the characters in the tilde-prefix are quoted, the
+characters in the tilde-prefix following the tilde are treated as a
+possible \fIlogin name\fP.
+If this login name is the null string, the tilde is replaced with the
+value of the shell parameter
+.SM
+.BR HOME .
+If
+.SM
+.B HOME
+is unset, the home directory of the user executing the shell is
+substituted instead.
+Otherwise, the tilde-prefix is replaced with the home directory
+associated with the specified login name.
+.PP
+If the tilde-prefix is a `~+', the value of the shell variable
+.SM
+.B PWD
+replaces the tilde-prefix.
+If the tilde-prefix is a `~\-', the value of the shell variable
+.SM
+.BR OLDPWD ,
+if it is set, is substituted.
+If the characters following the tilde in the tilde-prefix consist
+of a number \fIN\fP, optionally prefixed
+by a `+' or a `\-', the tilde-prefix is replaced with the corresponding
+element from the directory stack, as it would be displayed by the
+.B dirs
+builtin invoked with the tilde-prefix as an argument.
+If the characters following the tilde in the tilde-prefix consist of a
+number without a leading `+' or `\-', `+' is assumed.
+.PP
+If the login name is invalid, or the tilde expansion fails, the word
+is unchanged.
+.PP
+Each variable assignment is checked for unquoted tilde-prefixes immediately
+following a
+.B :
+or the first
+.BR = .
+In these cases, tilde expansion is also performed.
+Consequently, one may use filenames with tildes in assignments to
+.SM
+.BR PATH ,
+.SM
+.BR MAILPATH ,
+and
+.SM
+.BR CDPATH ,
+and the shell assigns the expanded value.
+.SS Parameter Expansion
+.PP
+The `\fB$\fP' character introduces parameter expansion,
+command substitution, or arithmetic expansion. The parameter name
+or symbol to be expanded may be enclosed in braces, which
+are optional but serve to protect the variable to be expanded from
+characters immediately following it which could be
+interpreted as part of the name.
+.PP
+When braces are used, the matching ending brace is the first `\fB}\fP'
+not escaped by a backslash or within a quoted string, and not within an
+embedded arithmetic expansion, command substitution, or parameter
+expansion.
+.PP
+.PD 0
+.TP
+${\fIparameter\fP}
+The value of \fIparameter\fP is substituted. The braces are required
+when
+.I parameter
+is a positional parameter with more than one digit,
+or when
+.I parameter
+is followed by a character which is not to be
+interpreted as part of its name.
+The \fIparameter\fP is a shell parameter as described above
+\fBPARAMETERS\fP) or an array reference (\fBArrays\fP).
+.PD
+.PP
+If the first character of \fIparameter\fP is an exclamation point (\fB!\fP),
+it introduces a level of variable indirection.
+\fBBash\fP uses the value of the variable formed from the rest of
+\fIparameter\fP as the name of the variable; this variable is then
+expanded and that value is used in the rest of the substitution, rather
+than the value of \fIparameter\fP itself.
+This is known as \fIindirect expansion\fP.
+The exceptions to this are the expansions of ${\fB!\fP\fIprefix\fP\fB*\fP} and
+${\fB!\fP\fIname\fP[\fI@\fP]} described below.
+The exclamation point must immediately follow the left brace in order to
+introduce indirection.
+.PP
+In each of the cases below, \fIword\fP is subject to tilde expansion,
+parameter expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic expansion.
+.PP
+When not performing substring expansion, using the forms documented below
+(e.g., \fB:-\fP),
+\fBbash\fP tests for a parameter that is unset or null. Omitting the colon
+results in a test only for a parameter that is unset.
+.PP
+.PD 0
+.TP
+${\fIparameter\fP\fB:\-\fP\fIword\fP}
+\fBUse Default Values\fP. If
+.I parameter
+is unset or null, the expansion of
+.I word
+is substituted. Otherwise, the value of
+.I parameter
+is substituted.
+.TP
+${\fIparameter\fP\fB:=\fP\fIword\fP}
+\fBAssign Default Values\fP.
+If
+.I parameter
+is unset or null, the expansion of
+.I word
+is assigned to
+.IR parameter .
+The value of
+.I parameter
+is then substituted. Positional parameters and special parameters may
+not be assigned to in this way.
+.TP
+${\fIparameter\fP\fB:?\fP\fIword\fP}
+\fBDisplay Error if Null or Unset\fP.
+If
+.I parameter
+is null or unset, the expansion of \fIword\fP (or a message to that effect
+if
+.I word
+is not present) is written to the standard error and the shell, if it
+is not interactive, exits. Otherwise, the value of \fIparameter\fP is
+substituted.
+.TP
+${\fIparameter\fP\fB:+\fP\fIword\fP}
+\fBUse Alternate Value\fP.
+If
+.I parameter
+is null or unset, nothing is substituted, otherwise the expansion of
+.I word
+is substituted.
+.TP
+${\fIparameter\fP\fB:\fP\fIoffset\fP}
+.PD 0
+.TP
+${\fIparameter\fP\fB:\fP\fIoffset\fP\fB:\fP\fIlength\fP}
+.PD
+\fBSubstring Expansion\fP.
+Expands to up to \fIlength\fP characters of the value of \fIparameter\fP
+starting at the character specified by \fIoffset\fP.
+If \fIparameter\fP is \fB@\fP, an indexed array subscripted by
+\fB@\fP or \fB*\fP, or an associative array name, the results differ as
+described below.
+If \fIlength\fP is omitted, expands to the substring of the value of
+\fIparameter\fP starting at the character specified by \fIoffset\fP
+and extending to the end of the value.
+\fIlength\fP and \fIoffset\fP are arithmetic expressions (see
+.SM
+.B
+ARITHMETIC EVALUATION
+below).
+.sp 1
+If \fIoffset\fP evaluates to a number less than zero, the value
+is used as an offset in characters
+from the end of the value of \fIparameter\fP.
+If \fIlength\fP evaluates to a number less than zero,
+it is interpreted as an offset in characters
+from the end of the value of \fIparameter\fP rather than
+a number of characters, and the expansion is the characters between
+\fIoffset\fP and that result.
+Note that a negative offset must be separated from the colon by at least
+one space to avoid being confused with the \fB:-\fP expansion.
+.sp 1
+If \fIparameter\fP is \fB@\fP, the result is \fIlength\fP positional
+parameters beginning at \fIoffset\fP.
+A negative \fIoffset\fP is taken relative to one greater than the greatest
+positional parameter, so an offset of -1 evaluates to the last positional
+parameter.
+It is an expansion error if \fIlength\fP evaluates to a number less than
+zero.
+.sp 1
+If \fIparameter\fP is an indexed array name subscripted by @ or *,
+the result is the \fIlength\fP
+members of the array beginning with ${\fIparameter\fP[\fIoffset\fP]}.
+A negative \fIoffset\fP is taken relative to one greater than the maximum
+index of the specified array.
+It is an expansion error if \fIlength\fP evaluates to a number less than
+zero.
+.sp 1
+Substring expansion applied to an associative array produces undefined
+results.
+.sp 1
+Substring indexing is zero-based unless the positional parameters
+are used, in which case the indexing starts at 1 by default.
+If \fIoffset\fP is 0, and the positional parameters are used, \fB$0\fP is
+prefixed to the list.
+.TP
+${\fB!\fP\fIprefix\fP\fB*\fP}
+.PD 0
+.TP
+${\fB!\fP\fIprefix\fP\fB@\fP}
+.PD
+\fBNames matching prefix\fP.
+Expands to the names of variables whose names begin with \fIprefix\fP,
+separated by the first character of the
+.SM
+.B IFS
+special variable.
+When \fI@\fP is used and the expansion appears within double quotes, each
+variable name expands to a separate word.
+.TP
+${\fB!\fP\fIname\fP[\fI@\fP]}
+.PD 0
+.TP
+${\fB!\fP\fIname\fP[\fI*\fP]}
+.PD
+\fBList of array keys\fP.
+If \fIname\fP is an array variable, expands to the list of array indices
+(keys) assigned in \fIname\fP.
+If \fIname\fP is not an array, expands to 0 if \fIname\fP is set and null
+otherwise.
+When \fI@\fP is used and the expansion appears within double quotes, each
+key expands to a separate word.
+.TP
+${\fB#\fP\fIparameter\fP}
+\fBParameter length\fP.
+The length in characters of the value of \fIparameter\fP is substituted.
+If
+.I parameter
+is
+.B *
+or
+.BR @ ,
+the value substituted is the number of positional parameters.
+If
+.I parameter
+is an array name subscripted by
+.B *
+or
+.BR @ ,
+the value substituted is the number of elements in the array.
+If
+.I parameter
+is an indexed array name subscripted by a negative number, that number is
+interpreted as relative to one greater than the maximum index of
+\fIparameter\fP, so negative indices count back from the end of the
+array, and an index of \-1 references the last element.
+.TP
+${\fIparameter\fP\fB#\fP\fIword\fP}
+.PD 0
+.TP
+${\fIparameter\fP\fB##\fP\fIword\fP}
+.PD
+\fBRemove matching prefix pattern\fP.
+The
+.I word
+is expanded to produce a pattern just as in pathname
+expansion. If the pattern matches the beginning of
+the value of
+.IR parameter ,
+then the result of the expansion is the expanded value of
+.I parameter
+with the shortest matching pattern (the ``\fB#\fP'' case) or the
+longest matching pattern (the ``\fB##\fP'' case) deleted.
+If
+.I parameter
+is
+.B @
+or
+.BR * ,
+the pattern removal operation is applied to each positional
+parameter in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.
+If
+.I parameter
+is an array variable subscripted with
+.B @
+or
+.BR * ,
+the pattern removal operation is applied to each member of the
+array in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.
+.TP
+${\fIparameter\fP\fB%\fP\fIword\fP}
+.PD 0
+.TP
+${\fIparameter\fP\fB%%\fP\fIword\fP}
+.PD
+\fBRemove matching suffix pattern\fP.
+The \fIword\fP is expanded to produce a pattern just as in
+pathname expansion.
+If the pattern matches a trailing portion of the expanded value of
+.IR parameter ,
+then the result of the expansion is the expanded value of
+.I parameter
+with the shortest matching pattern (the ``\fB%\fP'' case) or the
+longest matching pattern (the ``\fB%%\fP'' case) deleted.
+If
+.I parameter
+is
+.B @
+or
+.BR * ,
+the pattern removal operation is applied to each positional
+parameter in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.
+If
+.I parameter
+is an array variable subscripted with
+.B @
+or
+.BR * ,
+the pattern removal operation is applied to each member of the
+array in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.
+.TP
+${\fIparameter\fP\fB/\fP\fIpattern\fP\fB/\fP\fIstring\fP}
+\fBPattern substitution\fP.
+The \fIpattern\fP is expanded to produce a pattern just as in
+pathname expansion.
+\fIParameter\fP is expanded and the longest match of \fIpattern\fP
+against its value is replaced with \fIstring\fP.
+If \fIpattern\fP begins with \fB/\fP, all matches of \fIpattern\fP are
+replaced with \fIstring\fP. Normally only the first match is replaced.
+If \fIpattern\fP begins with \fB#\fP, it must match at the beginning
+of the expanded value of \fIparameter\fP.
+If \fIpattern\fP begins with \fB%\fP, it must match at the end
+of the expanded value of \fIparameter\fP.
+If \fIstring\fP is null, matches of \fIpattern\fP are deleted
+and the \fB/\fP following \fIpattern\fP may be omitted.
+If
+.I parameter
+is
+.B @
+or
+.BR * ,
+the substitution operation is applied to each positional
+parameter in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.
+If
+.I parameter
+is an array variable subscripted with
+.B @
+or
+.BR * ,
+the substitution operation is applied to each member of the
+array in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.
+.TP
+${\fIparameter\fP\fB^\fP\fIpattern\fP}
+.PD 0
+.TP
+${\fIparameter\fP\fB^^\fP\fIpattern\fP}
+.TP
+${\fIparameter\fP\fB,\fP\fIpattern\fP}
+.TP
+${\fIparameter\fP\fB,,\fP\fIpattern\fP}
+.PD
+\fBCase modification\fP.
+This expansion modifies the case of alphabetic characters in \fIparameter\fP.
+The \fIpattern\fP is expanded to produce a pattern just as in
+pathname expansion.
+Each character in the expanded value of \fIparameter\fP is tested against
+\fIpattern\fP, and, if it matches the pattern, its case is converted.
+The pattern should not attempt to match more than one character.
+The \fB^\fP operator converts lowercase letters matching \fIpattern\fP
+to uppercase; the \fB,\fP operator converts matching uppercase letters
+to lowercase.
+The \fB^^\fP and \fB,,\fP expansions convert each matched character in the
+expanded value; the \fB^\fP and \fB,\fP expansions match and convert only
+the first character in the expanded value.
+If \fIpattern\fP is omitted, it is treated like a \fB?\fP, which matches
+every character.
+If
+.I parameter
+is
+.B @
+or
+.BR * ,
+the case modification operation is applied to each positional
+parameter in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.
+If
+.I parameter
+is an array variable subscripted with
+.B @
+or
+.BR * ,
+the case modification operation is applied to each member of the
+array in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.
+.SS Command Substitution
+.PP
+\fICommand substitution\fP allows the output of a command to replace
+the command name. There are two forms:
+.RS
+.PP
+\fB$(\fP\fIcommand\fP\|\fB)\fP
+.RE
+or
+.RS
+\fB\`\fP\fIcommand\fP\fB\`\fP
+.RE
+.PP
+.B Bash
+performs the expansion by executing \fIcommand\fP and
+replacing the command substitution with the standard output of the
+command, with any trailing newlines deleted.
+Embedded newlines are not deleted, but they may be removed during
+word splitting.
+The command substitution \fB$(cat \fIfile\fP)\fR can be replaced by
+the equivalent but faster \fB$(< \fIfile\fP)\fR.
+.PP
+When the old-style backquote form of substitution is used,
+backslash retains its literal meaning except when followed by
+.BR $ ,
+.BR \` ,
+or
+.BR \e .
+The first backquote not preceded by a backslash terminates the
+command substitution.
+When using the $(\^\fIcommand\fP\|) form, all characters between the
+parentheses make up the command; none are treated specially.
+.PP
+Command substitutions may be nested. To nest when using the backquoted form,
+escape the inner backquotes with backslashes.
+.PP
+If the substitution appears within double quotes, word splitting and
+pathname expansion are not performed on the results.
+.SS Arithmetic Expansion
+.PP
+Arithmetic expansion allows the evaluation of an arithmetic expression
+and the substitution of the result. The format for arithmetic expansion is:
+.RS
+.PP
+\fB$((\fP\fIexpression\fP\fB))\fP
+.RE
+.PP
+The
+.I expression
+is treated as if it were within double quotes, but a double quote
+inside the parentheses is not treated specially.
+All tokens in the expression undergo parameter and variable expansion,
+command substitution, and quote removal.
+The result is treated as the arithmetic expression to be evaluated.
+Arithmetic expansions may be nested.
+.PP
+The evaluation is performed according to the rules listed below under
+.SM
+.BR "ARITHMETIC EVALUATION" .
+If
+.I expression
+is invalid,
+.B bash
+prints a message indicating failure and no substitution occurs.
+.SS Process Substitution
+.PP
+\fIProcess substitution\fP is supported on systems that support named
+pipes (\fIFIFOs\fP) or the \fB/dev/fd\fP method of naming open files.
+It takes the form of
+\fB<(\fP\fIlist\^\fP\fB)\fP
+or
+\fB>(\fP\fIlist\^\fP\fB)\fP.
+The process \fIlist\fP is run with its input or output connected to a
+\fIFIFO\fP or some file in \fB/dev/fd\fP. The name of this file is
+passed as an argument to the current command as the result of the
+expansion. If the \fB>(\fP\fIlist\^\fP\fB)\fP form is used, writing to
+the file will provide input for \fIlist\fP. If the
+\fB<(\fP\fIlist\^\fP\fB)\fP form is used, the file passed as an
+argument should be read to obtain the output of \fIlist\fP.
+.PP
+When available, process substitution is performed
+simultaneously with parameter and variable expansion,
+command substitution,
+and arithmetic expansion.
+.SS Word Splitting
+.PP
+The shell scans the results of
+parameter expansion,
+command substitution,
+and
+arithmetic expansion
+that did not occur within double quotes for
+.IR "word splitting" .
+.PP
+The shell treats each character of
+.SM
+.B IFS
+as a delimiter, and splits the results of the other
+expansions into words using these characters as field terminators.
+If
+.SM
+.B IFS
+is unset, or its
+value is exactly
+.BR <space><tab><newline> ,
+the default, then
+sequences of
+.BR <space> ,
+.BR <tab> ,
+and
+.B <newline>
+at the beginning and end of the results of the previous
+expansions are ignored, and
+any sequence of
+.SM
+.B IFS
+characters not at the beginning or end serves to delimit words.
+If
+.SM
+.B IFS
+has a value other than the default, then sequences of
+the whitespace characters
+.B space
+and
+.B tab
+are ignored at the beginning and end of the
+word, as long as the whitespace character is in the
+value of
+.SM
+.BR IFS
+(an
+.SM
+.B IFS
+whitespace character).
+Any character in
+.SM
+.B IFS
+that is not
+.SM
+.B IFS
+whitespace, along with any adjacent
+.SM
+.B IFS
+whitespace characters, delimits a field.
+A sequence of
+.SM
+.B IFS
+whitespace characters is also treated as a delimiter.
+If the value of
+.SM
+.B IFS
+is null, no word splitting occurs.
+.PP
+Explicit null arguments (\^\f3"\^"\fP or \^\f3\(aq\^\(aq\fP\^) are retained.
+Unquoted implicit null arguments, resulting from the expansion of
+parameters that have no values, are removed.
+If a parameter with no value is expanded within double quotes, a
+null argument results and is retained.
+.PP
+Note that if no expansion occurs, no splitting
+is performed.
+.SS Pathname Expansion
+.PP
+After word splitting,
+unless the
+.B \-f
+option has been set,
+.B bash
+scans each word for the characters
+.BR * ,
+.BR ? ,
+and
+.BR [ .
+If one of these characters appears, then the word is
+regarded as a
+.IR pattern ,
+and replaced with an alphabetically sorted list of
+filenames matching the pattern
+(see
+.SM
+.B "Pattern Matching"
+below).
+If no matching filenames are found,
+and the shell option
+.B nullglob
+is not enabled, the word is left unchanged.
+If the
+.B nullglob
+option is set, and no matches are found,
+the word is removed.
+If the
+.B failglob
+shell option is set, and no matches are found, an error message
+is printed and the command is not executed.
+If the shell option
+.B nocaseglob
+is enabled, the match is performed without regard to the case
+of alphabetic characters.
+When a pattern is used for pathname expansion,
+the character
+.B ``.''
+at the start of a name or immediately following a slash
+must be matched explicitly, unless the shell option
+.B dotglob
+is set.
+When matching a pathname, the slash character must always be
+matched explicitly.
+In other cases, the
+.B ``.''
+character is not treated specially.
+See the description of
+.B shopt
+below under
+.SM
+.B SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS
+for a description of the
+.BR nocaseglob ,
+.BR nullglob ,
+.BR failglob ,
+and
+.B dotglob
+shell options.
+.PP
+The
+.SM
+.B GLOBIGNORE
+shell variable may be used to restrict the set of filenames matching a
+.IR pattern .
+If
+.SM
+.B GLOBIGNORE
+is set, each matching filename that also matches one of the patterns in
+.SM
+.B GLOBIGNORE
+is removed from the list of matches.
+The filenames
+.B ``.''
+and
+.B ``..''
+are always ignored when
+.SM
+.B GLOBIGNORE
+is set and not null. However, setting
+.SM
+.B GLOBIGNORE
+to a non-null value has the effect of enabling the
+.B dotglob
+shell option, so all other filenames beginning with a
+.B ``.''
+will match.
+To get the old behavior of ignoring filenames beginning with a
+.BR ``.'' ,
+make
+.B ``.*''
+one of the patterns in
+.SM
+.BR GLOBIGNORE .
+The
+.B dotglob
+option is disabled when
+.SM
+.B GLOBIGNORE
+is unset.
+.PP
+\fBPattern Matching\fP
+.PP
+Any character that appears in a pattern, other than the special pattern
+characters described below, matches itself. The NUL character may not
+occur in a pattern. A backslash escapes the following character; the
+escaping backslash is discarded when matching.
+The special pattern characters must be quoted if
+they are to be matched literally.
+.PP
+The special pattern characters have the following meanings:
+.PP
+.PD 0
+.RS
+.TP
+.B *
+Matches any string, including the null string.
+When the \fBglobstar\fP shell option is enabled, and \fB*\fP is used in
+a pathname expansion context, two adjacent \fB*\fPs used as a single
+pattern will match all files and zero or more directories and
+subdirectories.
+If followed by a \fB/\fP, two adjacent \fB*\fPs will match only directories
+and subdirectories.
+.TP
+.B ?
+Matches any single character.
+.TP
+.B [...]
+Matches any one of the enclosed characters. A pair of characters
+separated by a hyphen denotes a
+\fIrange expression\fP;
+any character that falls between those two characters, inclusive,
+using the current locale's collating sequence and character set,
+is matched. If the first character following the
+.B [
+is a
+.B !
+or a
+.B ^
+then any character not enclosed is matched.
+The sorting order of characters in range expressions is determined by
+the current locale and the values of the
+.SM
+.B LC_COLLATE
+or
+.SM
+.B LC_ALL
+shell variables, if set.
+To obtain the traditional interpretation of range expressions, where
+.B [a\-d]
+is equivalent to
+.BR [abcd] ,
+set value of the
+.B LC_ALL
+shell variable to
+.BR C ,
+or enable the
+.B globasciiranges
+shell option.
+A
+.B \-
+may be matched by including it as the first or last character
+in the set.
+A
+.B ]
+may be matched by including it as the first character
+in the set.
+.br
+.if t .sp 0.5
+.if n .sp 1
+Within
+.B [
+and
+.BR ] ,
+\fIcharacter classes\fP can be specified using the syntax
+\fB[:\fP\fIclass\fP\fB:]\fP, where \fIclass\fP is one of the
+following classes defined in the POSIX standard:
+.PP
+.RS
+.B
+.if n alnum alpha ascii blank cntrl digit graph lower print punct space upper word xdigit
+.if t alnum alpha ascii blank cntrl digit graph lower print punct space upper word xdigit
+.br
+A character class matches any character belonging to that class.
+The \fBword\fP character class matches letters, digits, and the character _.
+.br
+.if t .sp 0.5
+.if n .sp 1
+Within
+.B [
+and
+.BR ] ,
+an \fIequivalence class\fP can be specified using the syntax
+\fB[=\fP\fIc\fP\fB=]\fP, which matches all characters with the
+same collation weight (as defined by the current locale) as
+the character \fIc\fP.
+.br
+.if t .sp 0.5
+.if n .sp 1
+Within
+.B [
+and
+.BR ] ,
+the syntax \fB[.\fP\fIsymbol\fP\fB.]\fP matches the collating symbol
+\fIsymbol\fP.
+.RE
+.RE
+.PD
+.PP
+If the \fBextglob\fP shell option is enabled using the \fBshopt\fP
+builtin, several extended pattern matching operators are recognized.
+In the following description, a \fIpattern-list\fP is a list of one
+or more patterns separated by a \fB|\fP.
+Composite patterns may be formed using one or more of the following
+sub-patterns:
+.sp 1
+.PD 0
+.RS
+.TP
+\fB?(\fP\^\fIpattern-list\^\fP\fB)\fP
+Matches zero or one occurrence of the given patterns
+.TP
+\fB*(\fP\^\fIpattern-list\^\fP\fB)\fP
+Matches zero or more occurrences of the given patterns
+.TP
+\fB+(\fP\^\fIpattern-list\^\fP\fB)\fP
+Matches one or more occurrences of the given patterns
+.TP
+\fB@(\fP\^\fIpattern-list\^\fP\fB)\fP
+Matches one of the given patterns
+.TP
+\fB!(\fP\^\fIpattern-list\^\fP\fB)\fP
+Matches anything except one of the given patterns
+.RE
+.PD
+.SS Quote Removal
+.PP
+After the preceding expansions, all unquoted occurrences of the
+characters
+.BR \e ,
+.BR \(aq ,
+and \^\f3"\fP\^ that did not result from one of the above
+expansions are removed.
+.SH REDIRECTION
+Before a command is executed, its input and output
+may be
+.I redirected
+using a special notation interpreted by the shell.
+Redirection allows commands' file handles to be
+duplicated, opened, closed,
+made to refer to different files,
+and can change the files the command reads from and writes to.
+Redirection may also be used to modify file handles in the
+current shell execution environment.
+The following redirection
+operators may precede or appear anywhere within a
+.I simple command
+or may follow a
+.IR command .
+Redirections are processed in the order they appear, from
+left to right.
+.PP
+Each redirection that may be preceded by a file descriptor number
+may instead be preceded by a word of the form {\fIvarname\fP}.
+In this case, for each redirection operator except
+>&- and <&-, the shell will allocate a file descriptor greater
+than or equal to 10 and assign it to \fIvarname\fP.
+If >&- or <&- is preceded
+by {\fIvarname\fP}, the value of \fIvarname\fP defines the file
+descriptor to close.
+.PP
+In the following descriptions, if the file descriptor number is
+omitted, and the first character of the redirection operator is
+.BR < ,
+the redirection refers to the standard input (file descriptor
+0). If the first character of the redirection operator is
+.BR > ,
+the redirection refers to the standard output (file descriptor
+1).
+.PP
+The word following the redirection operator in the following
+descriptions, unless otherwise noted, is subjected to
+brace expansion, tilde expansion, parameter and variable expansion,
+command substitution, arithmetic expansion, quote removal,
+pathname expansion, and word splitting.
+If it expands to more than one word,
+.B bash
+reports an error.
+.PP
+Note that the order of redirections is significant. For example,
+the command
+.RS
+.PP
+ls \fB>\fP dirlist 2\fB>&\fP1
+.RE
+.PP
+directs both standard output and standard error to the file
+.IR dirlist ,
+while the command
+.RS
+.PP
+ls 2\fB>&\fP1 \fB>\fP dirlist
+.RE
+.PP
+directs only the standard output to file
+.IR dirlist ,
+because the standard error was duplicated from the standard output
+before the standard output was redirected to
+.IR dirlist .
+.PP
+\fBBash\fP handles several filenames specially when they are used in
+redirections, as described in the following table:
+.RS
+.PP
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B /dev/fd/\fIfd\fP
+If \fIfd\fP is a valid integer, file descriptor \fIfd\fP is duplicated.
+.TP
+.B /dev/stdin
+File descriptor 0 is duplicated.
+.TP
+.B /dev/stdout
+File descriptor 1 is duplicated.
+.TP
+.B /dev/stderr
+File descriptor 2 is duplicated.
+.TP
+.B /dev/tcp/\fIhost\fP/\fIport\fP
+If \fIhost\fP is a valid hostname or Internet address, and \fIport\fP
+is an integer port number or service name, \fBbash\fP attempts to open
+the corresponding TCP socket.
+.TP
+.B /dev/udp/\fIhost\fP/\fIport\fP
+If \fIhost\fP is a valid hostname or Internet address, and \fIport\fP
+is an integer port number or service name, \fBbash\fP attempts to open
+the corresponding UDP socket.
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+A failure to open or create a file causes the redirection to fail.
+.PP
+Redirections using file descriptors greater than 9 should be used with
+care, as they may conflict with file descriptors the shell uses
+internally.
+.SS Redirecting Input
+.PP
+Redirection of input causes the file whose name results from
+the expansion of
+.I word
+to be opened for reading on file descriptor
+.IR n ,
+or the standard input (file descriptor 0) if
+.I n
+is not specified.
+.PP
+The general format for redirecting input is:
+.RS
+.PP
+[\fIn\fP]\fB<\fP\fIword\fP
+.RE
+.SS Redirecting Output
+.PP
+Redirection of output causes the file whose name results from
+the expansion of
+.I word
+to be opened for writing on file descriptor
+.IR n ,
+or the standard output (file descriptor 1) if
+.I n
+is not specified. If the file does not exist it is created;
+if it does exist it is truncated to zero size.
+.PP
+The general format for redirecting output is:
+.RS
+.PP
+[\fIn\fP]\fB>\fP\fIword\fP
+.RE
+.PP
+If the redirection operator is
+.BR > ,
+and the
+.B noclobber
+option to the
+.B set
+builtin has been enabled, the redirection will fail if the file
+whose name results from the expansion of \fIword\fP exists and is
+a regular file.
+If the redirection operator is
+.BR >| ,
+or the redirection operator is
+.B >
+and the
+.B noclobber
+option to the
+.B set
+builtin command is not enabled, the redirection is attempted even
+if the file named by \fIword\fP exists.
+.SS Appending Redirected Output
+.PP
+Redirection of output in this fashion
+causes the file whose name results from
+the expansion of
+.I word
+to be opened for appending on file descriptor
+.IR n ,
+or the standard output (file descriptor 1) if
+.I n
+is not specified. If the file does not exist it is created.
+.PP
+The general format for appending output is:
+.RS
+.PP
+[\fIn\fP]\fB>>\fP\fIword\fP
+.RE
+.PP
+.SS Redirecting Standard Output and Standard Error
+.PP
+This construct allows both the
+standard output (file descriptor 1) and
+the standard error output (file descriptor 2)
+to be redirected to the file whose name is the
+expansion of
+.IR word .
+.PP
+There are two formats for redirecting standard output and
+standard error:
+.RS
+.PP
+\fB&>\fP\fIword\fP
+.RE
+and
+.RS
+\fB>&\fP\fIword\fP
+.RE
+.PP
+Of the two forms, the first is preferred.
+This is semantically equivalent to
+.RS
+.PP
+\fB>\fP\fIword\fP 2\fB>&\fP1
+.RE
+.PP
+When using the second form, \fIword\fP may not expand to a number or
+\fB\-\fP. If it does, other redirection operators apply
+(see \fBDuplicating File Descriptors\fP below) for compatibility
+reasons.
+.SS Appending Standard Output and Standard Error
+.PP
+This construct allows both the
+standard output (file descriptor 1) and
+the standard error output (file descriptor 2)
+to be appended to the file whose name is the
+expansion of
+.IR word .
+.PP
+The format for appending standard output and standard error is:
+.RS
+.PP
+\fB&>>\fP\fIword\fP
+.RE
+.PP
+This is semantically equivalent to
+.RS
+.PP
+\fB>>\fP\fIword\fP 2\fB>&\fP1
+.RE
+.PP
+(see \fBDuplicating File Descriptors\fP below).
+.SS Here Documents
+.PP
+This type of redirection instructs the shell to read input from the
+current source until a line containing only
+.I delimiter
+(with no trailing blanks)
+is seen. All of
+the lines read up to that point are then used as the standard
+input for a command.
+.PP
+The format of here-documents is:
+.RS
+.PP
+.nf
+\fB<<\fP[\fB\-\fP]\fIword\fP
+ \fIhere-document\fP
+\fIdelimiter\fP
+.fi
+.RE
+.PP
+No parameter and variable expansion, command substitution,
+arithmetic expansion, or pathname expansion is performed on
+.IR word .
+If any characters in
+.I word
+are quoted, the
+.I delimiter
+is the result of quote removal on
+.IR word ,
+and the lines in the here-document are not expanded.
+If \fIword\fP is unquoted,
+all lines of the here-document are subjected to
+parameter expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic expansion,
+the character sequence
+.B \e<newline>
+is ignored, and
+.B \e
+must be used to quote the characters
+.BR \e ,
+.BR $ ,
+and
+.BR \` .
+.PP
+If the redirection operator is
+.BR <<\- ,
+then all leading tab characters are stripped from input lines and the
+line containing
+.IR delimiter .
+This allows
+here-documents within shell scripts to be indented in a
+natural fashion.
+.SS "Here Strings"
+A variant of here documents, the format is:
+.RS
+.PP
+.nf
+\fB<<<\fP\fIword\fP
+.fi
+.RE
+.PP
+The \fIword\fP undergoes
+brace expansion, tilde expansion, parameter and variable expansion,
+command substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote removal.
+Pathname expansion and word splitting are not performed.
+The result is supplied as a single string to the command on its
+standard input.
+.SS "Duplicating File Descriptors"
+.PP
+The redirection operator
+.RS
+.PP
+[\fIn\fP]\fB<&\fP\fIword\fP
+.RE
+.PP
+is used to duplicate input file descriptors.
+If
+.I word
+expands to one or more digits, the file descriptor denoted by
+.I n
+is made to be a copy of that file descriptor.
+If the digits in
+.I word
+do not specify a file descriptor open for input, a redirection error occurs.
+If
+.I word
+evaluates to
+.BR \- ,
+file descriptor
+.I n
+is closed. If
+.I n
+is not specified, the standard input (file descriptor 0) is used.
+.PP
+The operator
+.RS
+.PP
+[\fIn\fP]\fB>&\fP\fIword\fP
+.RE
+.PP
+is used similarly to duplicate output file descriptors. If
+.I n
+is not specified, the standard output (file descriptor 1) is used.
+If the digits in
+.I word
+do not specify a file descriptor open for output, a redirection error occurs.
+If
+.I word
+evaluates to
+.BR \- ,
+file descriptor
+.I n
+is closed.
+As a special case, if \fIn\fP is omitted, and \fIword\fP does not
+expand to one or more digits or \fB\-\fP, the standard output and standard
+error are redirected as described previously.
+.SS "Moving File Descriptors"
+.PP
+The redirection operator
+.RS
+.PP
+[\fIn\fP]\fB<&\fP\fIdigit\fP\fB\-\fP
+.RE
+.PP
+moves the file descriptor \fIdigit\fP to file descriptor
+.IR n ,
+or the standard input (file descriptor 0) if \fIn\fP is not specified.
+\fIdigit\fP is closed after being duplicated to \fIn\fP.
+.PP
+Similarly, the redirection operator
+.RS
+.PP
+[\fIn\fP]\fB>&\fP\fIdigit\fP\fB\-\fP
+.RE
+.PP
+moves the file descriptor \fIdigit\fP to file descriptor
+.IR n ,
+or the standard output (file descriptor 1) if \fIn\fP is not specified.
+.SS "Opening File Descriptors for Reading and Writing"
+.PP
+The redirection operator
+.RS
+.PP
+[\fIn\fP]\fB<>\fP\fIword\fP
+.RE
+.PP
+causes the file whose name is the expansion of
+.I word
+to be opened for both reading and writing on file descriptor
+.IR n ,
+or on file descriptor 0 if
+.I n
+is not specified. If the file does not exist, it is created.
+.SH ALIASES
+\fIAliases\fP allow a string to be substituted for a word when it is used
+as the first word of a simple command.
+The shell maintains a list of aliases that may be set and unset with the
+.B alias
+and
+.B unalias
+builtin commands (see
+.SM
+.B SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS
+below).
+The first word of each simple command, if unquoted,
+is checked to see if it has an
+alias. If so, that word is replaced by the text of the alias.
+The characters \fB/\fP, \fB$\fP, \fB\`\fP, and \fB=\fP and
+any of the shell \fImetacharacters\fP or quoting characters
+listed above may not appear in an alias name.
+The replacement text may contain any valid shell input,
+including shell metacharacters.
+The first word of the replacement text is tested
+for aliases, but a word that is identical to an alias being expanded
+is not expanded a second time.
+This means that one may alias
+.B ls
+to
+.BR "ls \-F" ,
+for instance, and
+.B bash
+does not try to recursively expand the replacement text.
+If the last character of the alias value is a
+.IR blank ,
+then the next command
+word following the alias is also checked for alias expansion.
+.PP
+Aliases are created and listed with the
+.B alias
+command, and removed with the
+.B unalias
+command.
+.PP
+There is no mechanism for using arguments in the replacement text.
+If arguments are needed, a shell function should be used (see
+.SM
+.B FUNCTIONS
+below).
+.PP
+Aliases are not expanded when the shell is not interactive, unless
+the
+.B expand_aliases
+shell option is set using
+.B shopt
+(see the description of
+.B shopt
+under
+.SM
+\fBSHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS\fP
+below).
+.PP
+The rules concerning the definition and use of aliases are
+somewhat confusing.
+.B Bash
+always reads at least one complete line
+of input before executing any
+of the commands on that line. Aliases are expanded when a
+command is read, not when it is executed. Therefore, an
+alias definition appearing on the same line as another
+command does not take effect until the next line of input is read.
+The commands following the alias definition
+on that line are not affected by the new alias.
+This behavior is also an issue when functions are executed.
+Aliases are expanded when a function definition is read,
+not when the function is executed, because a function definition
+is itself a compound command. As a consequence, aliases
+defined in a function are not available until after that
+function is executed. To be safe, always put
+alias definitions on a separate line, and do not use
+.B alias
+in compound commands.
+.PP
+For almost every purpose, aliases are superseded by
+shell functions.
+.SH FUNCTIONS
+A shell function, defined as described above under
+.SM
+.BR "SHELL GRAMMAR" ,
+stores a series of commands for later execution.
+When the name of a shell function is used as a simple command name,
+the list of commands associated with that function name is executed.
+Functions are executed in the context of the
+current shell; no new process is created to interpret
+them (contrast this with the execution of a shell script).
+When a function is executed, the arguments to the
+function become the positional parameters
+during its execution.
+The special parameter
+.B #
+is updated to reflect the change. Special parameter \fB0\fP
+is unchanged.
+The first element of the
+.SM
+.B FUNCNAME
+variable is set to the name of the function while the function
+is executing.
+.PP
+All other aspects of the shell execution
+environment are identical between a function and its caller
+with these exceptions: the
+.SM
+.B DEBUG
+and
+.B RETURN
+traps (see the description of the
+.B trap
+builtin under
+.SM
+.B SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS
+below) are not inherited unless the function has been given the
+\fBtrace\fP attribute (see the description of the
+.SM
+.B declare
+builtin below) or the
+\fB\-o functrace\fP shell option has been enabled with
+the \fBset\fP builtin
+(in which case all functions inherit the \fBDEBUG\fP and \fBRETURN\fP traps),
+and the
+.SM
+.B ERR
+trap is not inherited unless the \fB\-o errtrace\fP shell option has
+been enabled.
+.PP
+Variables local to the function may be declared with the
+.B local
+builtin command. Ordinarily, variables and their values
+are shared between the function and its caller.
+.PP
+The \fBFUNCNEST\fP variable, if set to a numeric value greater
+than 0, defines a maximum function nesting level. Function
+invocations that exceed the limit cause the entire command to
+abort.
+.PP
+If the builtin command
+.B return
+is executed in a function, the function completes and
+execution resumes with the next command after the function
+call.
+Any command associated with the \fBRETURN\fP trap is executed
+before execution resumes.
+When a function completes, the values of the
+positional parameters and the special parameter
+.B #
+are restored to the values they had prior to the function's
+execution.
+.PP
+Function names and definitions may be listed with the
+.B \-f
+option to the
+.B declare
+or
+.B typeset
+builtin commands. The
+.B \-F
+option to
+.B declare
+or
+.B typeset
+will list the function names only
+(and optionally the source file and line number, if the \fBextdebug\fP
+shell option is enabled).
+Functions may be exported so that subshells
+automatically have them defined with the
+.B \-f
+option to the
+.B export
+builtin.
+A function definition may be deleted using the \fB\-f\fP option to
+the
+.B unset
+builtin.
+Note that shell functions and variables with the same name may result
+in multiple identically-named entries in the environment passed to the
+shell's children.
+Care should be taken in cases where this may cause a problem.
+.PP
+Functions may be recursive.
+The \fBFUNCNEST\fP variable may be used to limit the depth of the
+function call stack and restrict the number of function invocations.
+By default, no limit is imposed on the number of recursive calls.
+.SH "ARITHMETIC EVALUATION"
+The shell allows arithmetic expressions to be evaluated, under
+certain circumstances (see the \fBlet\fP and \fBdeclare\fP builtin
+commands and \fBArithmetic Expansion\fP).
+Evaluation is done in fixed-width integers with no check for overflow,
+though division by 0 is trapped and flagged as an error.
+The operators and their precedence, associativity, and values
+are the same as in the C language.
+The following list of operators is grouped into levels of
+equal-precedence operators.
+The levels are listed in order of decreasing precedence.
+.PP
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B \fIid\fP++ \fIid\fP\-\-
+variable post-increment and post-decrement
+.TP
+.B ++\fIid\fP \-\-\fIid\fP
+variable pre-increment and pre-decrement
+.TP
+.B \- +
+unary minus and plus
+.TP
+.B ! ~
+logical and bitwise negation
+.TP
+.B **
+exponentiation
+.TP
+.B * / %
+multiplication, division, remainder
+.TP
+.B + \-
+addition, subtraction
+.TP
+.B << >>
+left and right bitwise shifts
+.TP
+.B <= >= < >
+comparison
+.TP
+.B == !=
+equality and inequality
+.TP
+.B &
+bitwise AND
+.TP
+.B ^
+bitwise exclusive OR
+.TP
+.B |
+bitwise OR
+.TP
+.B &&
+logical AND
+.TP
+.B ||
+logical OR
+.TP
+.B \fIexpr\fP?\fIexpr\fP:\fIexpr\fP
+conditional operator
+.TP
+.B = *= /= %= += \-= <<= >>= &= ^= |=
+assignment
+.TP
+.B \fIexpr1\fP , \fIexpr2\fP
+comma
+.PD
+.PP
+Shell variables are allowed as operands; parameter expansion is
+performed before the expression is evaluated.
+Within an expression, shell variables may also be referenced by name
+without using the parameter expansion syntax.
+A shell variable that is null or unset evaluates to 0 when referenced
+by name without using the parameter expansion syntax.
+The value of a variable is evaluated as an arithmetic expression
+when it is referenced, or when a variable which has been given the
+\fIinteger\fP attribute using \fBdeclare -i\fP is assigned a value.
+A null value evaluates to 0.
+A shell variable need not have its \fIinteger\fP attribute
+turned on to be used in an expression.
+.PP
+Constants with a leading 0 are interpreted as octal numbers.
+A leading 0x or 0X denotes hexadecimal.
+Otherwise, numbers take the form [\fIbase#\fP]n, where the optional \fIbase\fP
+is a decimal number between 2 and 64 representing the arithmetic
+base, and \fIn\fP is a number in that base.
+If \fIbase#\fP is omitted, then base 10 is used.
+When specifying \fIn\fP,
+the digits greater< than 9 are represented by the lowercase letters,
+the uppercase letters, @, and _, in that order.
+If \fIbase\fP is less than or equal to 36, lowercase and uppercase
+letters may be used interchangeably to represent numbers between 10
+and 35.
+.PP
+Operators are evaluated in order of precedence. Sub-expressions in
+parentheses are evaluated first and may override the precedence
+rules above.
+.SH "CONDITIONAL EXPRESSIONS"
+Conditional expressions are used by the \fB[[\fP compound command and
+the \fBtest\fP and \fB[\fP builtin commands to test file attributes
+and perform string and arithmetic comparisons.
+Expressions are formed from the following unary or binary primaries.
+If any \fIfile\fP argument to one of the primaries is of the form
+\fI/dev/fd/n\fP, then file descriptor \fIn\fP is checked.
+If the \fIfile\fP argument to one of the primaries is one of
+\fI/dev/stdin\fP, \fI/dev/stdout\fP, or \fI/dev/stderr\fP, file
+descriptor 0, 1, or 2, respectively, is checked.
+.PP
+Unless otherwise specified, primaries that operate on files follow symbolic
+links and operate on the target of the link, rather than the link itself.
+.if t .sp 0.5
+.if n .sp 1
+When used with \fB[[\fP, the \fB<\fP and \fB>\fP operators sort
+lexicographically using the current locale.
+The \fBtest\fP command sorts using ASCII ordering.
+.sp 1
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B \-a \fIfile\fP
+True if \fIfile\fP exists.
+.TP
+.B \-b \fIfile\fP
+True if \fIfile\fP exists and is a block special file.
+.TP
+.B \-c \fIfile\fP
+True if \fIfile\fP exists and is a character special file.
+.TP
+.B \-d \fIfile\fP
+True if \fIfile\fP exists and is a directory.
+.TP
+.B \-e \fIfile\fP
+True if \fIfile\fP exists.
+.TP
+.B \-f \fIfile\fP
+True if \fIfile\fP exists and is a regular file.
+.TP
+.B \-g \fIfile\fP
+True if \fIfile\fP exists and is set-group-id.
+.TP
+.B \-h \fIfile\fP
+True if \fIfile\fP exists and is a symbolic link.
+.TP
+.B \-k \fIfile\fP
+True if \fIfile\fP exists and its ``sticky'' bit is set.
+.TP
+.B \-p \fIfile\fP
+True if \fIfile\fP exists and is a named pipe (FIFO).
+.TP
+.B \-r \fIfile\fP
+True if \fIfile\fP exists and is readable.
+.TP
+.B \-s \fIfile\fP
+True if \fIfile\fP exists and has a size greater than zero.
+.TP
+.B \-t \fIfd\fP
+True if file descriptor
+.I fd
+is open and refers to a terminal.
+.TP
+.B \-u \fIfile\fP
+True if \fIfile\fP exists and its set-user-id bit is set.
+.TP
+.B \-w \fIfile\fP
+True if \fIfile\fP exists and is writable.
+.TP
+.B \-x \fIfile\fP
+True if \fIfile\fP exists and is executable.
+.TP
+.B \-G \fIfile\fP
+True if \fIfile\fP exists and is owned by the effective group id.
+.TP
+.B \-L \fIfile\fP
+True if \fIfile\fP exists and is a symbolic link.
+.TP
+.B \-N \fIfile\fP
+True if \fIfile\fP exists and has been modified since it was last read.
+.TP
+.B \-O \fIfile\fP
+True if \fIfile\fP exists and is owned by the effective user id.
+.TP
+.B \-S \fIfile\fP
+True if \fIfile\fP exists and is a socket.
+.TP
+\fIfile1\fP \fB\-ef\fP \fIfile2\fP
+True if \fIfile1\fP and \fIfile2\fP refer to the same device and
+inode numbers.
+.TP
+\fIfile1\fP \-\fBnt\fP \fIfile2\fP
+True if \fIfile1\fP is newer (according to modification date) than \fIfile2\fP,
+or if \fIfile1\fP exists and \fPfile2\fP does not.
+.TP
+\fIfile1\fP \-\fBot\fP \fIfile2\fP
+True if \fIfile1\fP is older than \fIfile2\fP, or if \fIfile2\fP exists
+and \fIfile1\fP does not.
+.TP
+.B \-o \fIoptname\fP
+True if the shell option
+.I optname
+is enabled.
+See the list of options under the description of the
+.B \-o
+option to the
+.B set
+builtin below.
+.TP
+.B \-v \fIvarname\fP
+True if the shell variable
+.I varname
+is set (has been assigned a value).
+.TP
+.B \-R \fIvarname\fP
+True if the shell variable
+.I varname
+is set and is a name reference.
+.TP
+.B \-z \fIstring\fP
+True if the length of \fIstring\fP is zero.
+.TP
+\fIstring\fP
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B \-n \fIstring\fP
+.PD
+True if the length of
+.I string
+is non-zero.
+.TP
+\fIstring1\fP \fB==\fP \fIstring2\fP
+.PD 0
+.TP
+\fIstring1\fP \fB=\fP \fIstring2\fP
+.PD
+True if the strings are equal. \fB=\fP should be used
+with the \fBtest\fP command for POSIX conformance.
+When used with the \fB[[\fP command, this performs pattern matching as
+described above (\fBCompound Commands\fP).
+.TP
+\fIstring1\fP \fB!=\fP \fIstring2\fP
+True if the strings are not equal.
+.TP
+\fIstring1\fP \fB<\fP \fIstring2\fP
+True if \fIstring1\fP sorts before \fIstring2\fP lexicographically.
+.TP
+\fIstring1\fP \fB>\fP \fIstring2\fP
+True if \fIstring1\fP sorts after \fIstring2\fP lexicographically.
+.TP
+.I \fIarg1\fP \fBOP\fP \fIarg2\fP
+.SM
+.B OP
+is one of
+.BR \-eq ,
+.BR \-ne ,
+.BR \-lt ,
+.BR \-le ,
+.BR \-gt ,
+or
+.BR \-ge .
+These arithmetic binary operators return true if \fIarg1\fP
+is equal to, not equal to, less than, less than or equal to,
+greater than, or greater than or equal to \fIarg2\fP, respectively.
+.I Arg1
+and
+.I arg2
+may be positive or negative integers.
+.PD
+.SH "SIMPLE COMMAND EXPANSION"
+When a simple command is executed, the shell performs the following
+expansions, assignments, and redirections, from left to right.
+.IP 1.
+The words that the parser has marked as variable assignments (those
+preceding the command name) and redirections are saved for later
+processing.
+.IP 2.
+The words that are not variable assignments or redirections are
+expanded. If any words remain after expansion, the first word
+is taken to be the name of the command and the remaining words are
+the arguments.
+.IP 3.
+Redirections are performed as described above under
+.SM
+.BR REDIRECTION .
+.IP 4.
+The text after the \fB=\fP in each variable assignment undergoes tilde
+expansion, parameter expansion, command substitution, arithmetic expansion,
+and quote removal before being assigned to the variable.
+.PP
+If no command name results, the variable assignments affect the current
+shell environment. Otherwise, the variables are added to the environment
+of the executed command and do not affect the current shell environment.
+If any of the assignments attempts to assign a value to a readonly variable,
+an error occurs, and the command exits with a non-zero status.
+.PP
+If no command name results, redirections are performed, but do not
+affect the current shell environment. A redirection error causes the
+command to exit with a non-zero status.
+.PP
+If there is a command name left after expansion, execution proceeds as
+described below. Otherwise, the command exits. If one of the expansions
+contained a command substitution, the exit status of the command is
+the exit status of the last command substitution performed. If there
+were no command substitutions, the command exits with a status of zero.
+.SH "COMMAND EXECUTION"
+After a command has been split into words, if it results in a
+simple command and an optional list of arguments, the following
+actions are taken.
+.PP
+If the command name contains no slashes, the shell attempts to
+locate it. If there exists a shell function by that name, that
+function is invoked as described above in
+.SM
+.BR FUNCTIONS .
+If the name does not match a function, the shell searches for
+it in the list of shell builtins. If a match is found, that
+builtin is invoked.
+.PP
+If the name is neither a shell function nor a builtin,
+and contains no slashes,
+.B bash
+searches each element of the
+.SM
+.B PATH
+for a directory containing an executable file by that name.
+.B Bash
+uses a hash table to remember the full pathnames of executable
+files (see
+.B hash
+under
+.SM
+.B "SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS"
+below).
+A full search of the directories in
+.SM
+.B PATH
+is performed only if the command is not found in the hash table.
+If the search is unsuccessful, the shell searches for a defined shell
+function named \fBcommand_not_found_handle\fP.
+If that function exists, it is invoked with the original command and
+the original command's arguments as its arguments, and the function's
+exit status becomes the exit status of the shell.
+If that function is not defined, the shell prints an error
+message and returns an exit status of 127.
+.PP
+If the search is successful, or if the command name contains
+one or more slashes, the shell executes the named program in a
+separate execution environment.
+Argument 0 is set to the name given, and the remaining arguments
+to the command are set to the arguments given, if any.
+.PP
+If this execution fails because the file is not in executable
+format, and the file is not a directory, it is assumed to be
+a \fIshell script\fP, a file
+containing shell commands. A subshell is spawned to execute
+it. This subshell reinitializes itself, so
+that the effect is as if a new shell had been invoked
+to handle the script, with the exception that the locations of
+commands remembered by the parent (see
+.B hash
+below under
+.SM
+\fBSHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS\fP)
+are retained by the child.
+.PP
+If the program is a file beginning with
+.BR #! ,
+the remainder of the first line specifies an interpreter
+for the program. The shell executes the
+specified interpreter on operating systems that do not
+handle this executable format themselves. The arguments to the
+interpreter consist of a single optional argument following the
+interpreter name on the first line of the program, followed
+by the name of the program, followed by the command
+arguments, if any.
+.SH COMMAND EXECUTION ENVIRONMENT
+The shell has an \fIexecution environment\fP, which consists of the
+following:
+.IP \(bu
+open files inherited by the shell at invocation, as modified by
+redirections supplied to the \fBexec\fP builtin
+.IP \(bu
+the current working directory as set by \fBcd\fP, \fBpushd\fP, or
+\fBpopd\fP, or inherited by the shell at invocation
+.IP \(bu
+the file creation mode mask as set by \fBumask\fP or inherited from
+the shell's parent
+.IP \(bu
+current traps set by \fBtrap\fP
+.IP \(bu
+shell parameters that are set by variable assignment or with \fBset\fP
+or inherited from the shell's parent in the environment
+.IP \(bu
+shell functions defined during execution or inherited from the shell's
+parent in the environment
+.IP \(bu
+options enabled at invocation (either by default or with command-line
+arguments) or by \fBset\fP
+.IP \(bu
+options enabled by \fBshopt\fP
+.IP \(bu
+shell aliases defined with \fBalias\fP
+.IP \(bu
+various process IDs, including those of background jobs, the value
+of \fB$$\fP, and the value of
+.SM
+.B PPID
+.PP
+When a simple command other than a builtin or shell function
+is to be executed, it
+is invoked in a separate execution environment that consists of
+the following. Unless otherwise noted, the values are inherited
+from the shell.
+.if n .sp 1
+.IP \(bu
+the shell's open files, plus any modifications and additions specified
+by redirections to the command
+.IP \(bu
+the current working directory
+.IP \(bu
+the file creation mode mask
+.IP \(bu
+shell variables and functions marked for export, along with variables
+exported for the command, passed in the environment
+.IP \(bu
+traps caught by the shell are reset to the values inherited from the
+shell's parent, and traps ignored by the shell are ignored
+.PP
+A command invoked in this separate environment cannot affect the
+shell's execution environment.
+.PP
+Command substitution, commands grouped with parentheses,
+and asynchronous commands are invoked in a
+subshell environment that is a duplicate of the shell environment,
+except that traps caught by the shell are reset to the values
+that the shell inherited from its parent at invocation. Builtin
+commands that are invoked as part of a pipeline are also executed in a
+subshell environment. Changes made to the subshell environment
+cannot affect the shell's execution environment.
+.PP
+Subshells spawned to execute command substitutions inherit the value of
+the \fB\-e\fP option from the parent shell. When not in \fIposix\fP mode,
+\fBbash\fP clears the \fB\-e\fP option in such subshells.
+.PP
+If a command is followed by a \fB&\fP and job control is not active, the
+default standard input for the command is the empty file \fI/dev/null\fP.
+Otherwise, the invoked command inherits the file descriptors of the calling
+shell as modified by redirections.
+.SH ENVIRONMENT
+When a program is invoked it is given an array of strings
+called the
+.IR environment .
+This is a list of
+\fIname\fP\-\fIvalue\fP pairs, of the form
+.IR "name\fR=\fPvalue" .
+.PP
+The shell provides several ways to manipulate the environment.
+On invocation, the shell scans its own environment and
+creates a parameter for each name found, automatically marking
+it for
+.I export
+to child processes. Executed commands inherit the environment.
+The
+.B export
+and
+.B declare \-x
+commands allow parameters and functions to be added to and
+deleted from the environment. If the value of a parameter
+in the environment is modified, the new value becomes part
+of the environment, replacing the old. The environment
+inherited by any executed command consists of the shell's
+initial environment, whose values may be modified in the shell,
+less any pairs removed by the
+.B unset
+command, plus any additions via the
+.B export
+and
+.B declare \-x
+commands.
+.PP
+The environment for any
+.I simple command
+or function may be augmented temporarily by prefixing it with
+parameter assignments, as described above in
+.SM
+.BR PARAMETERS .
+These assignment statements affect only the environment seen
+by that command.
+.PP
+If the
+.B \-k
+option is set (see the
+.B set
+builtin command below), then
+.I all
+parameter assignments are placed in the environment for a command,
+not just those that precede the command name.
+.PP
+When
+.B bash
+invokes an external command, the variable
+.B _
+is set to the full filename of the command and passed to that
+command in its environment.
+.SH "EXIT STATUS"
+.PP
+The exit status of an executed command is the value returned by the
+\fIwaitpid\fP system call or equivalent function. Exit statuses
+fall between 0 and 255, though, as explained below, the shell may
+use values above 125 specially. Exit statuses from shell builtins and
+compound commands are also limited to this range. Under certain
+circumstances, the shell will use special values to indicate specific
+failure modes.
+.PP
+For the shell's purposes, a command which exits with a
+zero exit status has succeeded. An exit status of zero
+indicates success. A non-zero exit status indicates failure.
+When a command terminates on a fatal signal \fIN\fP, \fBbash\fP uses
+the value of 128+\fIN\fP as the exit status.
+.PP
+If a command is not found, the child process created to
+execute it returns a status of 127. If a command is found
+but is not executable, the return status is 126.
+.PP
+If a command fails because of an error during expansion or redirection,
+the exit status is greater than zero.
+.PP
+Shell builtin commands return a status of 0 (\fItrue\fP) if
+successful, and non-zero (\fIfalse\fP) if an error occurs
+while they execute.
+All builtins return an exit status of 2 to indicate incorrect usage.
+.PP
+\fBBash\fP itself returns the exit status of the last command
+executed, unless a syntax error occurs, in which case it exits
+with a non-zero value. See also the \fBexit\fP builtin
+command below.
+.SH SIGNALS
+When \fBbash\fP is interactive, in the absence of any traps, it ignores
+.SM
+.B SIGTERM
+(so that \fBkill 0\fP does not kill an interactive shell),
+and
+.SM
+.B SIGINT
+is caught and handled (so that the \fBwait\fP builtin is interruptible).
+In all cases, \fBbash\fP ignores
+.SM
+.BR SIGQUIT .
+If job control is in effect,
+.B bash
+ignores
+.SM
+.BR SIGTTIN ,
+.SM
+.BR SIGTTOU ,
+and
+.SM
+.BR SIGTSTP .
+.PP
+Non-builtin commands run by \fBbash\fP have signal handlers
+set to the values inherited by the shell from its parent.
+When job control is not in effect, asynchronous commands
+ignore
+.SM
+.B SIGINT
+and
+.SM
+.B SIGQUIT
+in addition to these inherited handlers.
+Commands run as a result of command substitution ignore the
+keyboard-generated job control signals
+.SM
+.BR SIGTTIN ,
+.SM
+.BR SIGTTOU ,
+and
+.SM
+.BR SIGTSTP .
+.PP
+The shell exits by default upon receipt of a
+.SM
+.BR SIGHUP .
+Before exiting, an interactive shell resends the
+.SM
+.B SIGHUP
+to all jobs, running or stopped.
+Stopped jobs are sent
+.SM
+.B SIGCONT
+to ensure that they receive the
+.SM
+.BR SIGHUP .
+To prevent the shell from
+sending the signal to a particular job, it should be removed from the
+jobs table with the
+.B disown
+builtin (see
+.SM
+.B "SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS"
+below) or marked
+to not receive
+.SM
+.B SIGHUP
+using
+.BR "disown \-h" .
+.PP
+If the
+.B huponexit
+shell option has been set with
+.BR shopt ,
+.B bash
+sends a
+.SM
+.B SIGHUP
+to all jobs when an interactive login shell exits.
+.PP
+If \fBbash\fP is waiting for a command to complete and receives a signal
+for which a trap has been set, the trap will not be executed until
+the command completes.
+When \fBbash\fP is waiting for an asynchronous command via the \fBwait\fP
+builtin, the reception of a signal for which a trap has been set will
+cause the \fBwait\fP builtin to return immediately with an exit status
+greater than 128, immediately after which the trap is executed.
+.SH "JOB CONTROL"
+.I Job control
+refers to the ability to selectively stop (\fIsuspend\fP)
+the execution of processes and continue (\fIresume\fP)
+their execution at a later point. A user typically employs
+this facility via an interactive interface supplied jointly
+by the operating system kernel's terminal driver and
+.BR bash .
+.PP
+The shell associates a
+.I job
+with each pipeline. It keeps a table of currently executing
+jobs, which may be listed with the
+.B jobs
+command. When
+.B bash
+starts a job asynchronously (in the
+.IR background ),
+it prints a line that looks like:
+.RS
+.PP
+[1] 25647
+.RE
+.PP
+indicating that this job is job number 1 and that the process ID
+of the last process in the pipeline associated with this job is 25647.
+All of the processes in a single pipeline are members of the same job.
+.B Bash
+uses the
+.I job
+abstraction as the basis for job control.
+.PP
+To facilitate the implementation of the user interface to job
+control, the operating system maintains the notion of a \fIcurrent terminal
+process group ID\fP. Members of this process group (processes whose
+process group ID is equal to the current terminal process group ID)
+receive keyboard-generated signals such as
+.SM
+.BR SIGINT .
+These processes are said to be in the
+.IR foreground .
+.I Background
+processes are those whose process group ID differs from the terminal's;
+such processes are immune to keyboard-generated signals.
+Only foreground processes are allowed to read from or, if the
+user so specifies with \f(CWstty tostop\fP, write to the
+terminal.
+Background processes which attempt to read from (write to when
+\f(CWstty tostop\fP is in effect) the
+terminal are sent a
+.SM
+.B SIGTTIN (SIGTTOU)
+signal by the kernel's terminal driver,
+which, unless caught, suspends the process.
+.PP
+If the operating system on which
+.B bash
+is running supports
+job control,
+.B bash
+contains facilities to use it.
+Typing the
+.I suspend
+character (typically
+.BR ^Z ,
+Control-Z) while a process is running
+causes that process to be stopped and returns control to
+.BR bash .
+Typing the
+.I "delayed suspend"
+character (typically
+.BR ^Y ,
+Control-Y) causes the process to be stopped when it
+attempts to read input from the terminal, and control to
+be returned to
+.BR bash .
+The user may then manipulate the state of this job, using the
+.B bg
+command to continue it in the background, the
+.B fg
+command to continue it in the foreground, or
+the
+.B kill
+command to kill it. A \fB^Z\fP takes effect immediately,
+and has the additional side effect of causing pending output
+and typeahead to be discarded.
+.PP
+There are a number of ways to refer to a job in the shell.
+The character
+.B %
+introduces a job specification (\fIjobspec\fP). Job number
+.I n
+may be referred to as
+.BR %n .
+A job may also be referred to using a prefix of the name used to
+start it, or using a substring that appears in its command line.
+For example,
+.B %ce
+refers to a stopped
+.B ce
+job. If a prefix matches more than one job,
+.B bash
+reports an error. Using
+.BR %?ce ,
+on the other hand, refers to any job containing the string
+.B ce
+in its command line. If the substring matches more than one job,
+.B bash
+reports an error. The symbols
+.B %%
+and
+.B %+
+refer to the shell's notion of the
+.IR "current job" ,
+which is the last job stopped while it was in
+the foreground or started in the background.
+The
+.I "previous job"
+may be referenced using
+.BR %\- .
+If there is only a single job, \fB%+\fP and \fB%\-\fP can both be used
+to refer to that job.
+In output pertaining to jobs (e.g., the output of the
+.B jobs
+command), the current job is always flagged with a
+.BR + ,
+and the previous job with a
+.BR \- .
+A single % (with no accompanying job specification) also refers to the
+current job.
+.PP
+Simply naming a job can be used to bring it into the
+foreground:
+.B %1
+is a synonym for
+\fB``fg %1''\fP,
+bringing job 1 from the background into the foreground.
+Similarly,
+.B ``%1 &''
+resumes job 1 in the background, equivalent to
+\fB``bg %1''\fP.
+.PP
+The shell learns immediately whenever a job changes state.
+Normally,
+.B bash
+waits until it is about to print a prompt before reporting
+changes in a job's status so as to not interrupt
+any other output. If the
+.B \-b
+option to the
+.B set
+builtin command
+is enabled,
+.B bash
+reports such changes immediately.
+Any trap on
+.SM
+.B SIGCHLD
+is executed for each child that exits.
+.PP
+If an attempt to exit
+.B bash
+is made while jobs are stopped (or, if the \fBcheckjobs\fP shell option has
+been enabled using the \fBshopt\fP builtin, running), the shell prints a
+warning message, and, if the \fBcheckjobs\fP option is enabled, lists the
+jobs and their statuses.
+The
+.B jobs
+command may then be used to inspect their status.
+If a second attempt to exit is made without an intervening command,
+the shell does not print another warning, and any stopped
+jobs are terminated.
+.SH PROMPTING
+When executing interactively,
+.B bash
+displays the primary prompt
+.SM
+.B PS1
+when it is ready to read a command, and the secondary prompt
+.SM
+.B PS2
+when it needs more input to complete a command.
+.B Bash
+allows these prompt strings to be customized by inserting a number of
+backslash-escaped special characters that are decoded as follows:
+.RS
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B \ea
+an ASCII bell character (07)
+.TP
+.B \ed
+the date in "Weekday Month Date" format (e.g., "Tue May 26")
+.TP
+.B \eD{\fIformat\fP}
+the \fIformat\fP is passed to \fIstrftime\fP(3) and the result is inserted
+into the prompt string; an empty \fIformat\fP results in a locale-specific
+time representation. The braces are required
+.TP
+.B \ee
+an ASCII escape character (033)
+.TP
+.B \eh
+the hostname up to the first `.'
+.TP
+.B \eH
+the hostname
+.TP
+.B \ej
+the number of jobs currently managed by the shell
+.TP
+.B \el
+the basename of the shell's terminal device name
+.TP
+.B \en
+newline
+.TP
+.B \er
+carriage return
+.TP
+.B \es
+the name of the shell, the basename of
+.B $0
+(the portion following the final slash)
+.TP
+.B \et
+the current time in 24-hour HH:MM:SS format
+.TP
+.B \eT
+the current time in 12-hour HH:MM:SS format
+.TP
+.B \e@
+the current time in 12-hour am/pm format
+.TP
+.B \eA
+the current time in 24-hour HH:MM format
+.TP
+.B \eu
+the username of the current user
+.TP
+.B \ev
+the version of \fBbash\fP (e.g., 2.00)
+.TP
+.B \eV
+the release of \fBbash\fP, version + patch level (e.g., 2.00.0)
+.TP
+.B \ew
+the current working directory, with
+.SM
+.B $HOME
+abbreviated with a tilde
+(uses the value of the
+.SM
+.B PROMPT_DIRTRIM
+variable)
+.TP
+.B \eW
+the basename of the current working directory, with
+.SM
+.B $HOME
+abbreviated with a tilde
+.TP
+.B \e!
+the history number of this command
+.TP
+.B \e#
+the command number of this command
+.TP
+.B \e$
+if the effective UID is 0, a
+.BR # ,
+otherwise a
+.B $
+.TP
+.B \e\fInnn\fP
+the character corresponding to the octal number \fInnn\fP
+.TP
+.B \e\e
+a backslash
+.TP
+.B \e[
+begin a sequence of non-printing characters, which could be used to
+embed a terminal control sequence into the prompt
+.TP
+.B \e]
+end a sequence of non-printing characters
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+The command number and the history number are usually different:
+the history number of a command is its position in the history
+list, which may include commands restored from the history file
+(see
+.SM
+.B HISTORY
+below), while the command number is the position in the sequence
+of commands executed during the current shell session.
+After the string is decoded, it is expanded via
+parameter expansion, command substitution, arithmetic
+expansion, and quote removal, subject to the value of the
+.B promptvars
+shell option (see the description of the
+.B shopt
+command under
+.SM
+.B "SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS"
+below).
+.SH READLINE
+This is the library that handles reading input when using an interactive
+shell, unless the
+.B \-\-noediting
+option is given at shell invocation.
+Line editing is also used when using the \fB\-e\fP option to the
+\fBread\fP builtin.
+By default, the line editing commands are similar to those of Emacs.
+A vi-style line editing interface is also available.
+Line editing can be enabled at any time using the
+.B \-o emacs
+or
+.B \-o vi
+options to the
+.B set
+builtin (see
+.SM
+.B SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS
+below).
+To turn off line editing after the shell is running, use the
+.B +o emacs
+or
+.B +o vi
+options to the
+.B set
+builtin.
+.SS "Readline Notation"
+.PP
+In this section, the Emacs-style notation is used to denote
+keystrokes. Control keys are denoted by C\-\fIkey\fR, e.g., C\-n
+means Control\-N. Similarly,
+.I meta
+keys are denoted by M\-\fIkey\fR, so M\-x means Meta\-X. (On keyboards
+without a
+.I meta
+key, M\-\fIx\fP means ESC \fIx\fP, i.e., press the Escape key
+then the
+.I x
+key. This makes ESC the \fImeta prefix\fP.
+The combination M\-C\-\fIx\fP means ESC\-Control\-\fIx\fP,
+or press the Escape key
+then hold the Control key while pressing the
+.I x
+key.)
+.PP
+Readline commands may be given numeric
+.IR arguments ,
+which normally act as a repeat count.
+Sometimes, however, it is the sign of the argument that is significant.
+Passing a negative argument to a command that acts in the forward
+direction (e.g., \fBkill\-line\fP) causes that command to act in a
+backward direction.
+Commands whose behavior with arguments deviates from this are noted
+below.
+.PP
+When a command is described as \fIkilling\fP text, the text
+deleted is saved for possible future retrieval
+(\fIyanking\fP). The killed text is saved in a
+\fIkill ring\fP. Consecutive kills cause the text to be
+accumulated into one unit, which can be yanked all at once.
+Commands which do not kill text separate the chunks of text
+on the kill ring.
+.SS "Readline Initialization"
+.PP
+Readline is customized by putting commands in an initialization
+file (the \fIinputrc\fP file).
+The name of this file is taken from the value of the
+.SM
+.B INPUTRC
+variable. If that variable is unset, the default is
+.IR ~/.inputrc .
+When a program which uses the readline library starts up, the
+initialization file is read, and the key bindings and variables
+are set.
+There are only a few basic constructs allowed in the
+readline initialization file.
+Blank lines are ignored.
+Lines beginning with a \fB#\fP are comments.
+Lines beginning with a \fB$\fP indicate conditional constructs.
+Other lines denote key bindings and variable settings.
+.PP
+The default key-bindings may be changed with an
+.I inputrc
+file.
+Other programs that use this library may add their own commands
+and bindings.
+.PP
+For example, placing
+.RS
+.PP
+M\-Control\-u: universal\-argument
+.RE
+or
+.RS
+C\-Meta\-u: universal\-argument
+.RE
+into the
+.I inputrc
+would make M\-C\-u execute the readline command
+.IR universal\-argument .
+.PP
+The following symbolic character names are recognized:
+.IR RUBOUT ,
+.IR DEL ,
+.IR ESC ,
+.IR LFD ,
+.IR NEWLINE ,
+.IR RET ,
+.IR RETURN ,
+.IR SPC ,
+.IR SPACE ,
+and
+.IR TAB .
+.PP
+In addition to command names, readline allows keys to be bound
+to a string that is inserted when the key is pressed (a \fImacro\fP).
+.SS "Readline Key Bindings"
+.PP
+The syntax for controlling key bindings in the
+.I inputrc
+file is simple. All that is required is the name of the
+command or the text of a macro and a key sequence to which
+it should be bound. The name may be specified in one of two ways:
+as a symbolic key name, possibly with \fIMeta\-\fP or \fIControl\-\fP
+prefixes, or as a key sequence.
+.PP
+When using the form \fBkeyname\fP:\^\fIfunction\-name\fP or \fImacro\fP,
+.I keyname
+is the name of a key spelled out in English. For example:
+.sp
+.RS
+Control-u: universal\-argument
+.br
+Meta-Rubout: backward-kill-word
+.br
+Control-o: "> output"
+.RE
+.LP
+In the above example,
+.I C\-u
+is bound to the function
+.BR universal\-argument ,
+.I M\-DEL
+is bound to the function
+.BR backward\-kill\-word ,
+and
+.I C\-o
+is bound to run the macro
+expressed on the right hand side (that is, to insert the text
+.if t \f(CW> output\fP
+.if n ``> output''
+into the line).
+.PP
+In the second form, \fB"keyseq"\fP:\^\fIfunction\-name\fP or \fImacro\fP,
+.B keyseq
+differs from
+.B keyname
+above in that strings denoting
+an entire key sequence may be specified by placing the sequence
+within double quotes. Some GNU Emacs style key escapes can be
+used, as in the following example, but the symbolic character names
+are not recognized.
+.sp
+.RS
+"\eC\-u": universal\-argument
+.br
+"\eC\-x\eC\-r": re\-read\-init\-file
+.br
+"\ee[11~": "Function Key 1"
+.RE
+.PP
+In this example,
+.I C\-u
+is again bound to the function
+.BR universal\-argument .
+.I "C\-x C\-r"
+is bound to the function
+.BR re\-read\-init\-file ,
+and
+.I "ESC [ 1 1 ~"
+is bound to insert the text
+.if t \f(CWFunction Key 1\fP.
+.if n ``Function Key 1''.
+.PP
+The full set of GNU Emacs style escape sequences is
+.RS
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B \eC\-
+control prefix
+.TP
+.B \eM\-
+meta prefix
+.TP
+.B \ee
+an escape character
+.TP
+.B \e\e
+backslash
+.TP
+.B \e"
+literal "
+.TP
+.B \e\(aq
+literal \(aq
+.RE
+.PD
+.PP
+In addition to the GNU Emacs style escape sequences, a second
+set of backslash escapes is available:
+.RS
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B \ea
+alert (bell)
+.TP
+.B \eb
+backspace
+.TP
+.B \ed
+delete
+.TP
+.B \ef
+form feed
+.TP
+.B \en
+newline
+.TP
+.B \er
+carriage return
+.TP
+.B \et
+horizontal tab
+.TP
+.B \ev
+vertical tab
+.TP
+.B \e\fInnn\fP
+the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value \fInnn\fP
+(one to three digits)
+.TP
+.B \ex\fIHH\fP
+the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal value \fIHH\fP
+(one or two hex digits)
+.RE
+.PD
+.PP
+When entering the text of a macro, single or double quotes must
+be used to indicate a macro definition.
+Unquoted text is assumed to be a function name.
+In the macro body, the backslash escapes described above are expanded.
+Backslash will quote any other character in the macro text,
+including " and \(aq.
+.PP
+.B Bash
+allows the current readline key bindings to be displayed or modified
+with the
+.B bind
+builtin command. The editing mode may be switched during interactive
+use by using the
+.B \-o
+option to the
+.B set
+builtin command (see
+.SM
+.B SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS
+below).
+.SS "Readline Variables"
+.PP
+Readline has variables that can be used to further customize its
+behavior. A variable may be set in the
+.I inputrc
+file with a statement of the form
+.RS
+.PP
+\fBset\fP \fIvariable\-name\fP \fIvalue\fP
+.RE
+.PP
+Except where noted, readline variables can take the values
+.B On
+or
+.B Off
+(without regard to case).
+Unrecognized variable names are ignored.
+When a variable value is read, empty or null values, "on" (case-insensitive),
+and "1" are equivalent to \fBOn\fP. All other values are equivalent to
+\fBOff\fP.
+The variables and their default values are:
+.PP
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B bell\-style (audible)
+Controls what happens when readline wants to ring the terminal bell.
+If set to \fBnone\fP, readline never rings the bell. If set to
+\fBvisible\fP, readline uses a visible bell if one is available.
+If set to \fBaudible\fP, readline attempts to ring the terminal's bell.
+.TP
+.B bind\-tty\-special\-chars (On)
+If set to \fBOn\fP, readline attempts to bind the control characters
+treated specially by the kernel's terminal driver to their readline
+equivalents.
+.TP
+.B colored\-stats (Off)
+If set to \fBOn\fP, readline displays possible completions using different
+colors to indicate their file type.
+The color definitions are taken from the value of the \fBLS_COLORS\fP
+environment variable.
+.TP
+.B comment\-begin (``#'')
+The string that is inserted when the readline
+.B insert\-comment
+command is executed.
+This command is bound to
+.B M\-#
+in emacs mode and to
+.B #
+in vi command mode.
+.TP
+.B completion\-ignore\-case (Off)
+If set to \fBOn\fP, readline performs filename matching and completion
+in a case\-insensitive fashion.
+.TP
+.B completion\-prefix\-display\-length (0)
+The length in characters of the common prefix of a list of possible
+completions that is displayed without modification. When set to a
+value greater than zero, common prefixes longer than this value are
+replaced with an ellipsis when displaying possible completions.
+.TP
+.B completion\-query\-items (100)
+This determines when the user is queried about viewing
+the number of possible completions
+generated by the \fBpossible\-completions\fP command.
+It may be set to any integer value greater than or equal to
+zero. If the number of possible completions is greater than
+or equal to the value of this variable, the user is asked whether
+or not he wishes to view them; otherwise they are simply listed
+on the terminal.
+.TP
+.B convert\-meta (On)
+If set to \fBOn\fP, readline will convert characters with the
+eighth bit set to an ASCII key sequence
+by stripping the eighth bit and prefixing an
+escape character (in effect, using escape as the \fImeta prefix\fP).
+.TP
+.B disable\-completion (Off)
+If set to \fBOn\fP, readline will inhibit word completion. Completion
+characters will be inserted into the line as if they had been
+mapped to \fBself-insert\fP.
+.TP
+.B editing\-mode (emacs)
+Controls whether readline begins with a set of key bindings similar
+to \fIEmacs\fP or \fIvi\fP.
+.B editing\-mode
+can be set to either
+.B emacs
+or
+.BR vi .
+.TP
+.B echo\-control\-characters (On)
+When set to \fBOn\fP, on operating systems that indicate they support it,
+readline echoes a character corresponding to a signal generated from the
+keyboard.
+.TP
+.B enable\-keypad (Off)
+When set to \fBOn\fP, readline will try to enable the application
+keypad when it is called. Some systems need this to enable the
+arrow keys.
+.TP
+.B enable\-meta\-key (On)
+When set to \fBOn\fP, readline will try to enable any meta modifier
+key the terminal claims to support when it is called. On many terminals,
+the meta key is used to send eight-bit characters.
+.TP
+.B expand\-tilde (Off)
+If set to \fBOn\fP, tilde expansion is performed when readline
+attempts word completion.
+.TP
+.B history\-preserve\-point (Off)
+If set to \fBOn\fP, the history code attempts to place point at the
+same location on each history line retrieved with \fBprevious-history\fP
+or \fBnext-history\fP.
+.TP
+.B history\-size (0)
+Set the maximum number of history entries saved in the history list.
+If set to zero, any existing history entries are deleted and no new entries
+are saved.
+If set to a value less than zero, the number of history entries is not
+limited.
+By default, the number of history entries is not limited.
+.TP
+.B horizontal\-scroll\-mode (Off)
+When set to \fBOn\fP, makes readline use a single line for display,
+scrolling the input horizontally on a single screen line when it
+becomes longer than the screen width rather than wrapping to a new line.
+.TP
+.B input\-meta (Off)
+If set to \fBOn\fP, readline will enable eight-bit input (that is,
+it will not strip the high bit from the characters it reads),
+regardless of what the terminal claims it can support. The name
+.B meta\-flag
+is a synonym for this variable.
+.TP
+.B isearch\-terminators (``C\-[C\-J'')
+The string of characters that should terminate an incremental
+search without subsequently executing the character as a command.
+If this variable has not been given a value, the characters
+\fIESC\fP and \fIC\-J\fP will terminate an incremental search.
+.TP
+.B keymap (emacs)
+Set the current readline keymap. The set of valid keymap names is
+\fIemacs, emacs\-standard, emacs\-meta, emacs\-ctlx, vi,
+vi\-command\fP, and
+.IR vi\-insert .
+\fIvi\fP is equivalent to \fIvi\-command\fP; \fIemacs\fP is
+equivalent to \fIemacs\-standard\fP. The default value is
+.IR emacs ;
+the value of
+.B editing\-mode
+also affects the default keymap.
+.TP
+.B keyseq\-timeout (500)
+Specifies the duration \fIreadline\fP will wait for a character when reading an
+ambiguous key sequence (one that can form a complete key sequence using
+the input read so far, or can take additional input to complete a longer
+key sequence).
+If no input is received within the timeout, \fIreadline\fP will use the shorter
+but complete key sequence.
+The value is specified in milliseconds, so a value of 1000 means that
+\fIreadline\fP will wait one second for additional input.
+If this variable is set to a value less than or equal to zero, or to a
+non-numeric value, \fIreadline\fP will wait until another key is pressed to
+decide which key sequence to complete.
+.TP
+.B mark\-directories (On)
+If set to \fBOn\fP, completed directory names have a slash
+appended.
+.TP
+.B mark\-modified\-lines (Off)
+If set to \fBOn\fP, history lines that have been modified are displayed
+with a preceding asterisk (\fB*\fP).
+.TP
+.B mark\-symlinked\-directories (Off)
+If set to \fBOn\fP, completed names which are symbolic links to directories
+have a slash appended (subject to the value of
+\fBmark\-directories\fP).
+.TP
+.B match\-hidden\-files (On)
+This variable, when set to \fBOn\fP, causes readline to match files whose
+names begin with a `.' (hidden files) when performing filename
+completion.
+If set to \fBOff\fP, the leading `.' must be
+supplied by the user in the filename to be completed.
+.TP
+.B menu\-complete\-display\-prefix (Off)
+If set to \fBOn\fP, menu completion displays the common prefix of the
+list of possible completions (which may be empty) before cycling through
+the list.
+.TP
+.B output\-meta (Off)
+If set to \fBOn\fP, readline will display characters with the
+eighth bit set directly rather than as a meta-prefixed escape
+sequence.
+.TP
+.B page\-completions (On)
+If set to \fBOn\fP, readline uses an internal \fImore\fP-like pager
+to display a screenful of possible completions at a time.
+.TP
+.B print\-completions\-horizontally (Off)
+If set to \fBOn\fP, readline will display completions with matches
+sorted horizontally in alphabetical order, rather than down the screen.
+.TP
+.B revert\-all\-at\-newline (Off)
+If set to \fBOn\fP, readline will undo all changes to history lines
+before returning when \fBaccept\-line\fP is executed. By default,
+history lines may be modified and retain individual undo lists across
+calls to \fBreadline\fP.
+.TP
+.B show\-all\-if\-ambiguous (Off)
+This alters the default behavior of the completion functions. If
+set to
+.BR On ,
+words which have more than one possible completion cause the
+matches to be listed immediately instead of ringing the bell.
+.TP
+.B show\-all\-if\-unmodified (Off)
+This alters the default behavior of the completion functions in
+a fashion similar to \fBshow\-all\-if\-ambiguous\fP.
+If set to
+.BR On ,
+words which have more than one possible completion without any
+possible partial completion (the possible completions don't share
+a common prefix) cause the matches to be listed immediately instead
+of ringing the bell.
+.TP
+.B show\-mode\-in\-prompt (Off)
+If set to \fBOn\fP, add a character to the beginning of the prompt
+indicating the editing mode: emacs (@), vi command (:) or vi
+insertion (+).
+.TP
+.B skip\-completed\-text (Off)
+If set to \fBOn\fP, this alters the default completion behavior when
+inserting a single match into the line. It's only active when
+performing completion in the middle of a word. If enabled, readline
+does not insert characters from the completion that match characters
+after point in the word being completed, so portions of the word
+following the cursor are not duplicated.
+.TP
+.B visible\-stats (Off)
+If set to \fBOn\fP, a character denoting a file's type as reported
+by \fIstat\fP(2) is appended to the filename when listing possible
+completions.
+.PD
+.SS "Readline Conditional Constructs"
+.PP
+Readline implements a facility similar in spirit to the conditional
+compilation features of the C preprocessor which allows key
+bindings and variable settings to be performed as the result
+of tests. There are four parser directives used.
+.IP \fB$if\fP
+The
+.B $if
+construct allows bindings to be made based on the
+editing mode, the terminal being used, or the application using
+readline. The text of the test extends to the end of the line;
+no characters are required to isolate it.
+.RS
+.IP \fBmode\fP
+The \fBmode=\fP form of the \fB$if\fP directive is used to test
+whether readline is in emacs or vi mode.
+This may be used in conjunction
+with the \fBset keymap\fP command, for instance, to set bindings in
+the \fIemacs\-standard\fP and \fIemacs\-ctlx\fP keymaps only if
+readline is starting out in emacs mode.
+.IP \fBterm\fP
+The \fBterm=\fP form may be used to include terminal-specific
+key bindings, perhaps to bind the key sequences output by the
+terminal's function keys. The word on the right side of the
+.B =
+is tested against the both full name of the terminal and the portion
+of the terminal name before the first \fB\-\fP. This allows
+.I sun
+to match both
+.I sun
+and
+.IR sun\-cmd ,
+for instance.
+.IP \fBapplication\fP
+The \fBapplication\fP construct is used to include
+application-specific settings. Each program using the readline
+library sets the \fIapplication name\fP, and an initialization
+file can test for a particular value.
+This could be used to bind key sequences to functions useful for
+a specific program. For instance, the following command adds a
+key sequence that quotes the current or previous word in \fBbash\fP:
+.sp 1
+.RS
+.nf
+\fB$if\fP Bash
+# Quote the current or previous word
+"\eC\-xq": "\eeb\e"\eef\e""
+\fB$endif\fP
+.fi
+.RE
+.RE
+.IP \fB$endif\fP
+This command, as seen in the previous example, terminates an
+\fB$if\fP command.
+.IP \fB$else\fP
+Commands in this branch of the \fB$if\fP directive are executed if
+the test fails.
+.IP \fB$include\fP
+This directive takes a single filename as an argument and reads commands
+and bindings from that file. For example, the following directive
+would read \fI/etc/inputrc\fP:
+.sp 1
+.RS
+.nf
+\fB$include\fP \^ \fI/etc/inputrc\fP
+.fi
+.RE
+.SS Searching
+.PP
+Readline provides commands for searching through the command history
+(see
+.SM
+.B HISTORY
+below) for lines containing a specified string.
+There are two search modes:
+.I incremental
+and
+.IR non-incremental .
+.PP
+Incremental searches begin before the user has finished typing the
+search string.
+As each character of the search string is typed, readline displays
+the next entry from the history matching the string typed so far.
+An incremental search requires only as many characters as needed to
+find the desired history entry.
+The characters present in the value of the \fBisearch-terminators\fP
+variable are used to terminate an incremental search.
+If that variable has not been assigned a value the Escape and
+Control-J characters will terminate an incremental search.
+Control-G will abort an incremental search and restore the original
+line.
+When the search is terminated, the history entry containing the
+search string becomes the current line.
+.PP
+To find other matching entries in the history list, type Control-S or
+Control-R as appropriate.
+This will search backward or forward in the history for the next
+entry matching the search string typed so far.
+Any other key sequence bound to a readline command will terminate
+the search and execute that command.
+For instance, a \fInewline\fP will terminate the search and accept
+the line, thereby executing the command from the history list.
+.PP
+Readline remembers the last incremental search string. If two
+Control-Rs are typed without any intervening characters defining a
+new search string, any remembered search string is used.
+.PP
+Non-incremental searches read the entire search string before starting
+to search for matching history lines. The search string may be
+typed by the user or be part of the contents of the current line.
+.SS "Readline Command Names"
+.PP
+The following is a list of the names of the commands and the default
+key sequences to which they are bound.
+Command names without an accompanying key sequence are unbound by default.
+In the following descriptions, \fIpoint\fP refers to the current cursor
+position, and \fImark\fP refers to a cursor position saved by the
+\fBset\-mark\fP command.
+The text between the point and mark is referred to as the \fIregion\fP.
+.SS Commands for Moving
+.PP
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B beginning\-of\-line (C\-a)
+Move to the start of the current line.
+.TP
+.B end\-of\-line (C\-e)
+Move to the end of the line.
+.TP
+.B forward\-char (C\-f)
+Move forward a character.
+.TP
+.B backward\-char (C\-b)
+Move back a character.
+.TP
+.B forward\-word (M\-f)
+Move forward to the end of the next word. Words are composed of
+alphanumeric characters (letters and digits).
+.TP
+.B backward\-word (M\-b)
+Move back to the start of the current or previous word.
+Words are composed of alphanumeric characters (letters and digits).
+.TP
+.B shell\-forward\-word
+Move forward to the end of the next word.
+Words are delimited by non-quoted shell metacharacters.
+.TP
+.B shell\-backward\-word
+Move back to the start of the current or previous word.
+Words are delimited by non-quoted shell metacharacters.
+.TP
+.B clear\-screen (C\-l)
+Clear the screen leaving the current line at the top of the screen.
+With an argument, refresh the current line without clearing the
+screen.
+.TP
+.B redraw\-current\-line
+Refresh the current line.
+.PD
+.SS Commands for Manipulating the History
+.PP
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B accept\-line (Newline, Return)
+Accept the line regardless of where the cursor is. If this line is
+non-empty, add it to the history list according to the state of the
+.SM
+.B HISTCONTROL
+variable. If the line is a modified history
+line, then restore the history line to its original state.
+.TP
+.B previous\-history (C\-p)
+Fetch the previous command from the history list, moving back in
+the list.
+.TP
+.B next\-history (C\-n)
+Fetch the next command from the history list, moving forward in the
+list.
+.TP
+.B beginning\-of\-history (M\-<)
+Move to the first line in the history.
+.TP
+.B end\-of\-history (M\->)
+Move to the end of the input history, i.e., the line currently being
+entered.
+.TP
+.B reverse\-search\-history (C\-r)
+Search backward starting at the current line and moving `up' through
+the history as necessary. This is an incremental search.
+.TP
+.B forward\-search\-history (C\-s)
+Search forward starting at the current line and moving `down' through
+the history as necessary. This is an incremental search.
+.TP
+.B non\-incremental\-reverse\-search\-history (M\-p)
+Search backward through the history starting at the current line
+using a non-incremental search for a string supplied by the user.
+.TP
+.B non\-incremental\-forward\-search\-history (M\-n)
+Search forward through the history using a non-incremental search for
+a string supplied by the user.
+.TP
+.B history\-search\-forward
+Search forward through the history for the string of characters
+between the start of the current line and the point.
+This is a non-incremental search.
+.TP
+.B history\-search\-backward
+Search backward through the history for the string of characters
+between the start of the current line and the point.
+This is a non-incremental search.
+.TP
+.B yank\-nth\-arg (M\-C\-y)
+Insert the first argument to the previous command (usually
+the second word on the previous line) at point.
+With an argument
+.IR n ,
+insert the \fIn\fPth word from the previous command (the words
+in the previous command begin with word 0). A negative argument
+inserts the \fIn\fPth word from the end of the previous command.
+Once the argument \fIn\fP is computed, the argument is extracted
+as if the "!\fIn\fP" history expansion had been specified.
+.TP
+.B
+yank\-last\-arg (M\-.\^, M\-_\^)
+Insert the last argument to the previous command (the last word of
+the previous history entry).
+With a numeric argument, behave exactly like \fByank\-nth\-arg\fP.
+Successive calls to \fByank\-last\-arg\fP move back through the history
+list, inserting the last word (or the word specified by the argument to
+the first call) of each line in turn.
+Any numeric argument supplied to these successive calls determines
+the direction to move through the history. A negative argument switches
+the direction through the history (back or forward).
+The history expansion facilities are used to extract the last word,
+as if the "!$" history expansion had been specified.
+.TP
+.B shell\-expand\-line (M\-C\-e)
+Expand the line as the shell does. This
+performs alias and history expansion as well as all of the shell
+word expansions. See
+.SM
+.B HISTORY EXPANSION
+below for a description of history expansion.
+.TP
+.B history\-expand\-line (M\-^)
+Perform history expansion on the current line.
+See
+.SM
+.B HISTORY EXPANSION
+below for a description of history expansion.
+.TP
+.B magic\-space
+Perform history expansion on the current line and insert a space.
+See
+.SM
+.B HISTORY EXPANSION
+below for a description of history expansion.
+.TP
+.B alias\-expand\-line
+Perform alias expansion on the current line.
+See
+.SM
+.B ALIASES
+above for a description of alias expansion.
+.TP
+.B history\-and\-alias\-expand\-line
+Perform history and alias expansion on the current line.
+.TP
+.B insert\-last\-argument (M\-.\^, M\-_\^)
+A synonym for \fByank\-last\-arg\fP.
+.TP
+.B operate\-and\-get\-next (C\-o)
+Accept the current line for execution and fetch the next line
+relative to the current line from the history for editing. Any
+argument is ignored.
+.TP
+.B edit\-and\-execute\-command (C\-xC\-e)
+Invoke an editor on the current command line, and execute the result as shell
+commands.
+\fBBash\fP attempts to invoke
+.SM
+.BR $VISUAL ,
+.SM
+.BR $EDITOR ,
+and \fIemacs\fP as the editor, in that order.
+.PD
+.SS Commands for Changing Text
+.PP
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B \fIend\-of\-file\fP (usually C\-d)
+The character indicating end-of-file as set, for example, by
+.if t \f(CWstty\fP.
+.if n ``stty''.
+If this character is read when there are no characters
+on the line, and point is at the beginning of the line, Readline
+interprets it as the end of input and returns
+.SM
+.BR EOF .
+.TP
+.B delete\-char (C\-d)
+Delete the character at point.
+If this function is bound to the
+same character as the tty \fBEOF\fP character, as \fBC\-d\fP
+commonly is, see above for the effects.
+.TP
+.B backward\-delete\-char (Rubout)
+Delete the character behind the cursor. When given a numeric argument,
+save the deleted text on the kill ring.
+.TP
+.B forward\-backward\-delete\-char
+Delete the character under the cursor, unless the cursor is at the
+end of the line, in which case the character behind the cursor is
+deleted.
+.TP
+.B quoted\-insert (C\-q, C\-v)
+Add the next character typed to the line verbatim. This is
+how to insert characters like \fBC\-q\fP, for example.
+.TP
+.B tab\-insert (C\-v TAB)
+Insert a tab character.
+.TP
+.B self\-insert (a,\ b,\ A,\ 1,\ !,\ ...)
+Insert the character typed.
+.TP
+.B transpose\-chars (C\-t)
+Drag the character before point forward over the character at point,
+moving point forward as well.
+If point is at the end of the line, then this transposes
+the two characters before point.
+Negative arguments have no effect.
+.TP
+.B transpose\-words (M\-t)
+Drag the word before point past the word after point,
+moving point over that word as well.
+If point is at the end of the line, this transposes
+the last two words on the line.
+.TP
+.B upcase\-word (M\-u)
+Uppercase the current (or following) word. With a negative argument,
+uppercase the previous word, but do not move point.
+.TP
+.B downcase\-word (M\-l)
+Lowercase the current (or following) word. With a negative argument,
+lowercase the previous word, but do not move point.
+.TP
+.B capitalize\-word (M\-c)
+Capitalize the current (or following) word. With a negative argument,
+capitalize the previous word, but do not move point.
+.TP
+.B overwrite\-mode
+Toggle overwrite mode. With an explicit positive numeric argument,
+switches to overwrite mode. With an explicit non-positive numeric
+argument, switches to insert mode. This command affects only
+\fBemacs\fP mode; \fBvi\fP mode does overwrite differently.
+Each call to \fIreadline()\fP starts in insert mode.
+In overwrite mode, characters bound to \fBself\-insert\fP replace
+the text at point rather than pushing the text to the right.
+Characters bound to \fBbackward\-delete\-char\fP replace the character
+before point with a space. By default, this command is unbound.
+.PD
+.SS Killing and Yanking
+.PP
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B kill\-line (C\-k)
+Kill the text from point to the end of the line.
+.TP
+.B backward\-kill\-line (C\-x Rubout)
+Kill backward to the beginning of the line.
+.TP
+.B unix\-line\-discard (C\-u)
+Kill backward from point to the beginning of the line.
+The killed text is saved on the kill-ring.
+.\" There is no real difference between this and backward-kill-line
+.TP
+.B kill\-whole\-line
+Kill all characters on the current line, no matter where point is.
+.TP
+.B kill\-word (M\-d)
+Kill from point to the end of the current word, or if between
+words, to the end of the next word.
+Word boundaries are the same as those used by \fBforward\-word\fP.
+.TP
+.B backward\-kill\-word (M\-Rubout)
+Kill the word behind point.
+Word boundaries are the same as those used by \fBbackward\-word\fP.
+.TP
+.B shell\-kill\-word (M\-d)
+Kill from point to the end of the current word, or if between
+words, to the end of the next word.
+Word boundaries are the same as those used by \fBshell\-forward\-word\fP.
+.TP
+.B shell\-backward\-kill\-word (M\-Rubout)
+Kill the word behind point.
+Word boundaries are the same as those used by \fBshell\-backward\-word\fP.
+.TP
+.B unix\-word\-rubout (C\-w)
+Kill the word behind point, using white space as a word boundary.
+The killed text is saved on the kill-ring.
+.TP
+.B unix\-filename\-rubout
+Kill the word behind point, using white space and the slash character
+as the word boundaries.
+The killed text is saved on the kill-ring.
+.TP
+.B delete\-horizontal\-space (M\-\e)
+Delete all spaces and tabs around point.
+.TP
+.B kill\-region
+Kill the text in the current region.
+.TP
+.B copy\-region\-as\-kill
+Copy the text in the region to the kill buffer.
+.TP
+.B copy\-backward\-word
+Copy the word before point to the kill buffer.
+The word boundaries are the same as \fBbackward\-word\fP.
+.TP
+.B copy\-forward\-word
+Copy the word following point to the kill buffer.
+The word boundaries are the same as \fBforward\-word\fP.
+.TP
+.B yank (C\-y)
+Yank the top of the kill ring into the buffer at point.
+.TP
+.B yank\-pop (M\-y)
+Rotate the kill ring, and yank the new top. Only works following
+.B yank
+or
+.BR yank\-pop .
+.PD
+.SS Numeric Arguments
+.PP
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B digit\-argument (M\-0, M\-1, ..., M\-\-)
+Add this digit to the argument already accumulating, or start a new
+argument. M\-\- starts a negative argument.
+.TP
+.B universal\-argument
+This is another way to specify an argument.
+If this command is followed by one or more digits, optionally with a
+leading minus sign, those digits define the argument.
+If the command is followed by digits, executing
+.B universal\-argument
+again ends the numeric argument, but is otherwise ignored.
+As a special case, if this command is immediately followed by a
+character that is neither a digit or minus sign, the argument count
+for the next command is multiplied by four.
+The argument count is initially one, so executing this function the
+first time makes the argument count four, a second time makes the
+argument count sixteen, and so on.
+.PD
+.SS Completing
+.PP
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B complete (TAB)
+Attempt to perform completion on the text before point.
+.B Bash
+attempts completion treating the text as a variable (if the
+text begins with \fB$\fP), username (if the text begins with
+\fB~\fP), hostname (if the text begins with \fB@\fP), or
+command (including aliases and functions) in turn. If none
+of these produces a match, filename completion is attempted.
+.TP
+.B possible\-completions (M\-?)
+List the possible completions of the text before point.
+.TP
+.B insert\-completions (M\-*)
+Insert all completions of the text before point
+that would have been generated by
+\fBpossible\-completions\fP.
+.TP
+.B menu\-complete
+Similar to \fBcomplete\fP, but replaces the word to be completed
+with a single match from the list of possible completions.
+Repeated execution of \fBmenu\-complete\fP steps through the list
+of possible completions, inserting each match in turn.
+At the end of the list of completions, the bell is rung
+(subject to the setting of \fBbell\-style\fP)
+and the original text is restored.
+An argument of \fIn\fP moves \fIn\fP positions forward in the list
+of matches; a negative argument may be used to move backward
+through the list.
+This command is intended to be bound to \fBTAB\fP, but is unbound
+by default.
+.TP
+.B menu\-complete\-backward
+Identical to \fBmenu\-complete\fP, but moves backward through the list
+of possible completions, as if \fBmenu\-complete\fP had been given a
+negative argument. This command is unbound by default.
+.TP
+.B delete\-char\-or\-list
+Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the beginning or
+end of the line (like \fBdelete\-char\fP).
+If at the end of the line, behaves identically to
+\fBpossible\-completions\fP.
+This command is unbound by default.
+.TP
+.B complete\-filename (M\-/)
+Attempt filename completion on the text before point.
+.TP
+.B possible\-filename\-completions (C\-x /)
+List the possible completions of the text before point,
+treating it as a filename.
+.TP
+.B complete\-username (M\-~)
+Attempt completion on the text before point, treating
+it as a username.
+.TP
+.B possible\-username\-completions (C\-x ~)
+List the possible completions of the text before point,
+treating it as a username.
+.TP
+.B complete\-variable (M\-$)
+Attempt completion on the text before point, treating
+it as a shell variable.
+.TP
+.B possible\-variable\-completions (C\-x $)
+List the possible completions of the text before point,
+treating it as a shell variable.
+.TP
+.B complete\-hostname (M\-@)
+Attempt completion on the text before point, treating
+it as a hostname.
+.TP
+.B possible\-hostname\-completions (C\-x @)
+List the possible completions of the text before point,
+treating it as a hostname.
+.TP
+.B complete\-command (M\-!)
+Attempt completion on the text before point, treating
+it as a command name. Command completion attempts to
+match the text against aliases, reserved words, shell
+functions, shell builtins, and finally executable filenames,
+in that order.
+.TP
+.B possible\-command\-completions (C\-x !)
+List the possible completions of the text before point,
+treating it as a command name.
+.TP
+.B dynamic\-complete\-history (M\-TAB)
+Attempt completion on the text before point, comparing
+the text against lines from the history list for possible
+completion matches.
+.TP
+.B dabbrev\-expand
+Attempt menu completion on the text before point, comparing
+the text against lines from the history list for possible
+completion matches.
+.TP
+.B complete\-into\-braces (M\-{)
+Perform filename completion and insert the list of possible completions
+enclosed within braces so the list is available to the shell (see
+.B Brace Expansion
+above).
+.PD
+.SS Keyboard Macros
+.PP
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B start\-kbd\-macro (C\-x (\^)
+Begin saving the characters typed into the current keyboard macro.
+.TP
+.B end\-kbd\-macro (C\-x )\^)
+Stop saving the characters typed into the current keyboard macro
+and store the definition.
+.TP
+.B call\-last\-kbd\-macro (C\-x e)
+Re-execute the last keyboard macro defined, by making the characters
+in the macro appear as if typed at the keyboard.
+.TP
+.B print\-last\-kbd\-macro ()
+Print the last keyboard macro defined in a format suitable for the
+\fIinputrc\fP file.
+.PD
+.SS Miscellaneous
+.PP
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B re\-read\-init\-file (C\-x C\-r)
+Read in the contents of the \fIinputrc\fP file, and incorporate
+any bindings or variable assignments found there.
+.TP
+.B abort (C\-g)
+Abort the current editing command and
+ring the terminal's bell (subject to the setting of
+.BR bell\-style ).
+.TP
+.B do\-uppercase\-version (M\-a, M\-b, M\-\fIx\fP, ...)
+If the metafied character \fIx\fP is lowercase, run the command
+that is bound to the corresponding uppercase character.
+.TP
+.B prefix\-meta (ESC)
+Metafy the next character typed.
+.SM
+.B ESC
+.B f
+is equivalent to
+.BR Meta\-f .
+.TP
+.B undo (C\-_, C\-x C\-u)
+Incremental undo, separately remembered for each line.
+.TP
+.B revert\-line (M\-r)
+Undo all changes made to this line. This is like executing the
+.B undo
+command enough times to return the line to its initial state.
+.TP
+.B tilde\-expand (M\-&)
+Perform tilde expansion on the current word.
+.TP
+.B set\-mark (C\-@, M\-<space>)
+Set the mark to the point. If a
+numeric argument is supplied, the mark is set to that position.
+.TP
+.B exchange\-point\-and\-mark (C\-x C\-x)
+Swap the point with the mark. The current cursor position is set to
+the saved position, and the old cursor position is saved as the mark.
+.TP
+.B character\-search (C\-])
+A character is read and point is moved to the next occurrence of that
+character. A negative count searches for previous occurrences.
+.TP
+.B character\-search\-backward (M\-C\-])
+A character is read and point is moved to the previous occurrence of that
+character. A negative count searches for subsequent occurrences.
+.TP
+.B skip\-csi\-sequence
+Read enough characters to consume a multi-key sequence such as those
+defined for keys like Home and End. Such sequences begin with a
+Control Sequence Indicator (CSI), usually ESC\-[. If this sequence is
+bound to "\e[", keys producing such sequences will have no effect
+unless explicitly bound to a readline command, instead of inserting
+stray characters into the editing buffer. This is unbound by default,
+but usually bound to ESC\-[.
+.TP
+.B insert\-comment (M\-#)
+Without a numeric argument, the value of the readline
+.B comment\-begin
+variable is inserted at the beginning of the current line.
+If a numeric argument is supplied, this command acts as a toggle: if
+the characters at the beginning of the line do not match the value
+of \fBcomment\-begin\fP, the value is inserted, otherwise
+the characters in \fBcomment\-begin\fP are deleted from the beginning of
+the line.
+In either case, the line is accepted as if a newline had been typed.
+The default value of
+\fBcomment\-begin\fP causes this command to make the current line
+a shell comment.
+If a numeric argument causes the comment character to be removed, the line
+will be executed by the shell.
+.TP
+.B glob\-complete\-word (M\-g)
+The word before point is treated as a pattern for pathname expansion,
+with an asterisk implicitly appended. This pattern is used to
+generate a list of matching filenames for possible completions.
+.TP
+.B glob\-expand\-word (C\-x *)
+The word before point is treated as a pattern for pathname expansion,
+and the list of matching filenames is inserted, replacing the word.
+If a numeric argument is supplied, an asterisk is appended before
+pathname expansion.
+.TP
+.B glob\-list\-expansions (C\-x g)
+The list of expansions that would have been generated by
+.B glob\-expand\-word
+is displayed, and the line is redrawn.
+If a numeric argument is supplied, an asterisk is appended before
+pathname expansion.
+.TP
+.B dump\-functions
+Print all of the functions and their key bindings to the
+readline output stream. If a numeric argument is supplied,
+the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part
+of an \fIinputrc\fP file.
+.TP
+.B dump\-variables
+Print all of the settable readline variables and their values to the
+readline output stream. If a numeric argument is supplied,
+the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part
+of an \fIinputrc\fP file.
+.TP
+.B dump\-macros
+Print all of the readline key sequences bound to macros and the
+strings they output. If a numeric argument is supplied,
+the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part
+of an \fIinputrc\fP file.
+.TP
+.B display\-shell\-version (C\-x C\-v)
+Display version information about the current instance of
+.BR bash .
+.PD
+.SS Programmable Completion
+.PP
+When word completion is attempted for an argument to a command for
+which a completion specification (a \fIcompspec\fP) has been defined
+using the \fBcomplete\fP builtin (see
+.SM
+.B "SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS"
+below), the programmable completion facilities are invoked.
+.PP
+First, the command name is identified.
+If the command word is the empty string (completion attempted at the
+beginning of an empty line), any compspec defined with
+the \fB\-E\fP option to \fBcomplete\fP is used.
+If a compspec has been defined for that command, the
+compspec is used to generate the list of possible completions for the word.
+If the command word is a full pathname, a compspec for the full
+pathname is searched for first.
+If no compspec is found for the full pathname, an attempt is made to
+find a compspec for the portion following the final slash.
+If those searches do not result in a compspec, any compspec defined with
+the \fB\-D\fP option to \fBcomplete\fP is used as the default.
+.PP
+Once a compspec has been found, it is used to generate the list of
+matching words.
+If a compspec is not found, the default \fBbash\fP completion as
+described above under \fBCompleting\fP is performed.
+.PP
+First, the actions specified by the compspec are used.
+Only matches which are prefixed by the word being completed are
+returned.
+When the
+.B \-f
+or
+.B \-d
+option is used for filename or directory name completion, the shell
+variable
+.SM
+.B FIGNORE
+is used to filter the matches.
+.PP
+Any completions specified by a pathname expansion pattern to the
+\fB\-G\fP option are generated next.
+The words generated by the pattern need not match the word
+being completed.
+The
+.SM
+.B GLOBIGNORE
+shell variable is not used to filter the matches, but the
+.SM
+.B FIGNORE
+variable is used.
+.PP
+Next, the string specified as the argument to the \fB\-W\fP option
+is considered.
+The string is first split using the characters in the
+.SM
+.B IFS
+special variable as delimiters.
+Shell quoting is honored.
+Each word is then expanded using
+brace expansion, tilde expansion, parameter and variable expansion,
+command substitution, and arithmetic expansion,
+as described above under
+.SM
+.BR EXPANSION .
+The results are split using the rules described above under
+\fBWord Splitting\fP.
+The results of the expansion are prefix-matched against the word being
+completed, and the matching words become the possible completions.
+.PP
+After these matches have been generated, any shell function or command
+specified with the \fB\-F\fP and \fB\-C\fP options is invoked.
+When the command or function is invoked, the
+.SM
+.BR COMP_LINE ,
+.SM
+.BR COMP_POINT ,
+.SM
+.BR COMP_KEY ,
+and
+.SM
+.B COMP_TYPE
+variables are assigned values as described above under
+\fBShell Variables\fP.
+If a shell function is being invoked, the
+.SM
+.B COMP_WORDS
+and
+.SM
+.B COMP_CWORD
+variables are also set.
+When the function or command is invoked,
+the first argument (\fB$1\fP) is the name of the command whose arguments are
+being completed,
+the second argument (\fB$2\fP) is the word being completed,
+and the third argument (\fB$3\fP) is the word preceding the word being
+completed on the current command line.
+No filtering of the generated completions against the word being completed
+is performed; the function or command has complete freedom in generating
+the matches.
+.PP
+Any function specified with \fB\-F\fP is invoked first.
+The function may use any of the shell facilities, including the
+\fBcompgen\fP builtin described below, to generate the matches.
+It must put the possible completions in the
+.SM
+.B COMPREPLY
+array variable, one per array element.
+.PP
+Next, any command specified with the \fB\-C\fP option is invoked
+in an environment equivalent to command substitution.
+It should print a list of completions, one per line, to the
+standard output.
+Backslash may be used to escape a newline, if necessary.
+.PP
+After all of the possible completions are generated, any filter
+specified with the \fB\-X\fP option is applied to the list.
+The filter is a pattern as used for pathname expansion; a \fB&\fP
+in the pattern is replaced with the text of the word being completed.
+A literal \fB&\fP may be escaped with a backslash; the backslash
+is removed before attempting a match.
+Any completion that matches the pattern will be removed from the list.
+A leading \fB!\fP negates the pattern; in this case any completion
+not matching the pattern will be removed.
+.PP
+Finally, any prefix and suffix specified with the \fB\-P\fP and \fB\-S\fP
+options are added to each member of the completion list, and the result is
+returned to the readline completion code as the list of possible
+completions.
+.PP
+If the previously-applied actions do not generate any matches, and the
+\fB\-o dirnames\fP option was supplied to \fBcomplete\fP when the
+compspec was defined, directory name completion is attempted.
+.PP
+If the \fB\-o plusdirs\fP option was supplied to \fBcomplete\fP when the
+compspec was defined, directory name completion is attempted and any
+matches are added to the results of the other actions.
+.PP
+By default, if a compspec is found, whatever it generates is returned
+to the completion code as the full set of possible completions.
+The default \fBbash\fP completions are not attempted, and the readline
+default of filename completion is disabled.
+If the \fB\-o bashdefault\fP option was supplied to \fBcomplete\fP when
+the compspec was defined, the \fBbash\fP default completions are attempted
+if the compspec generates no matches.
+If the \fB\-o default\fP option was supplied to \fBcomplete\fP when the
+compspec was defined, readline's default completion will be performed
+if the compspec (and, if attempted, the default \fBbash\fP completions)
+generate no matches.
+.PP
+When a compspec indicates that directory name completion is desired,
+the programmable completion functions force readline to append a slash
+to completed names which are symbolic links to directories, subject to
+the value of the \fBmark\-directories\fP readline variable, regardless
+of the setting of the \fBmark-symlinked\-directories\fP readline variable.
+.PP
+There is some support for dynamically modifying completions. This is
+most useful when used in combination with a default completion specified
+with \fBcomplete -D\fP.
+It's possible for shell functions executed as completion
+handlers to indicate that completion should be retried by returning an
+exit status of 124. If a shell function returns 124, and changes
+the compspec associated with the command on which completion is being
+attempted (supplied as the first argument when the function is executed),
+programmable completion restarts from the beginning, with an
+attempt to find a new compspec for that command. This allows a set of
+completions to be built dynamically as completion is attempted, rather than
+being loaded all at once.
+.PP
+For instance, assuming that there is a library of compspecs, each kept in a
+file corresponding to the name of the command, the following default
+completion function would load completions dynamically:
+.PP
+\f(CW_completion_loader()
+.br
+{
+.br
+ . "/etc/bash_completion.d/$1.sh" >/dev/null 2>&1 && return 124
+.br
+}
+.br
+complete -D -F _completion_loader -o bashdefault -o default
+.br
+\fP
+.SH HISTORY
+When the
+.B \-o history
+option to the
+.B set
+builtin is enabled, the shell provides access to the
+\fIcommand history\fP,
+the list of commands previously typed.
+The value of the
+.SM
+.B HISTSIZE
+variable is used as the
+number of commands to save in a history list.
+The text of the last
+.SM
+.B HISTSIZE
+commands (default 500) is saved. The shell
+stores each command in the history list prior to parameter and
+variable expansion (see
+.SM
+.B EXPANSION
+above) but after history expansion is performed, subject to the
+values of the shell variables
+.SM
+.B HISTIGNORE
+and
+.SM
+.BR HISTCONTROL .
+.PP
+On startup, the history is initialized from the file named by
+the variable
+.SM
+.B HISTFILE
+(default \fI~/.bash_history\fP).
+The file named by the value of
+.SM
+.B HISTFILE
+is truncated, if necessary, to contain no more than
+the number of lines specified by the value of
+.SM
+.BR HISTFILESIZE .
+If \fBHISTFILESIZE\fP is unset, or set to null, a non-numeric value,
+or a numeric value less than zero, the history file is not truncated.
+When the history file is read,
+lines beginning with the history comment character followed immediately
+by a digit are interpreted as timestamps for the preceding history line.
+These timestamps are optionally displayed depending on the value of the
+.SM
+.B HISTTIMEFORMAT
+variable.
+When a shell with history enabled exits, the last
+.SM
+.B $HISTSIZE
+lines are copied from the history list to
+.SM
+.BR $HISTFILE .
+If the
+.B histappend
+shell option is enabled
+(see the description of
+.B shopt
+under
+.SM
+.B "SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS"
+below), the lines are appended to the history file,
+otherwise the history file is overwritten.
+If
+.SM
+.B HISTFILE
+is unset, or if the history file is unwritable, the history is
+not saved.
+If the
+.SM
+.B HISTTIMEFORMAT
+variable is set, time stamps are written to the history file, marked
+with the history comment character, so
+they may be preserved across shell sessions.
+This uses the history comment character to distinguish timestamps from
+other history lines.
+After saving the history, the history file is truncated
+to contain no more than
+.SM
+.B HISTFILESIZE
+lines. If
+.SM
+.B HISTFILESIZE
+is unset, or set to null, a non-numeric value,
+or a numeric value less than zero, the history file is not truncated.
+.PP
+The builtin command
+.B fc
+(see
+.SM
+.B SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS
+below) may be used to list or edit and re-execute a portion of
+the history list.
+The
+.B history
+builtin may be used to display or modify the history list and
+manipulate the history file.
+When using command-line editing, search commands
+are available in each editing mode that provide access to the
+history list.
+.PP
+The shell allows control over which commands are saved on the history
+list. The
+.SM
+.B HISTCONTROL
+and
+.SM
+.B HISTIGNORE
+variables may be set to cause the shell to save only a subset of the
+commands entered.
+The
+.B cmdhist
+shell option, if enabled, causes the shell to attempt to save each
+line of a multi-line command in the same history entry, adding
+semicolons where necessary to preserve syntactic correctness.
+The
+.B lithist
+shell option causes the shell to save the command with embedded newlines
+instead of semicolons. See the description of the
+.B shopt
+builtin below under
+.SM
+.B "SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS"
+for information on setting and unsetting shell options.
+.SH "HISTORY EXPANSION"
+.PP
+The shell supports a history expansion feature that
+is similar to the history expansion in
+.BR csh.
+This section describes what syntax features are available. This
+feature is enabled by default for interactive shells, and can be
+disabled using the
+.B +H
+option to the
+.B set
+builtin command (see
+.SM
+.B SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS
+below). Non-interactive shells do not perform history expansion
+by default.
+.PP
+History expansions introduce words from the history list into
+the input stream, making it easy to repeat commands, insert the
+arguments to a previous command into the current input line, or
+fix errors in previous commands quickly.
+.PP
+History expansion is performed immediately after a complete line
+is read, before the shell breaks it into words.
+It takes place in two parts.
+The first is to determine which line from the history list
+to use during substitution.
+The second is to select portions of that line for inclusion into
+the current one.
+The line selected from the history is the \fIevent\fP,
+and the portions of that line that are acted upon are \fIwords\fP.
+Various \fImodifiers\fP are available to manipulate the selected words.
+The line is broken into words in the same fashion as when reading input,
+so that several \fImetacharacter\fP-separated words surrounded by
+quotes are considered one word.
+History expansions are introduced by the appearance of the
+history expansion character, which is \^\fB!\fP\^ by default.
+Only backslash (\^\fB\e\fP\^) and single quotes can quote
+the history expansion character.
+.PP
+Several characters inhibit history expansion if found immediately
+following the history expansion character, even if it is unquoted:
+space, tab, newline, carriage return, and \fB=\fP.
+If the \fBextglob\fP shell option is enabled, \fB(\fP will also
+inhibit expansion.
+.PP
+Several shell options settable with the
+.B shopt
+builtin may be used to tailor the behavior of history expansion.
+If the
+.B histverify
+shell option is enabled (see the description of the
+.B shopt
+builtin below), and
+.B readline
+is being used, history substitutions are not immediately passed to
+the shell parser.
+Instead, the expanded line is reloaded into the
+.B readline
+editing buffer for further modification.
+If
+.B readline
+is being used, and the
+.B histreedit
+shell option is enabled, a failed history substitution will be reloaded
+into the
+.B readline
+editing buffer for correction.
+The
+.B \-p
+option to the
+.B history
+builtin command may be used to see what a history expansion will
+do before using it.
+The
+.B \-s
+option to the
+.B history
+builtin may be used to add commands to the end of the history list
+without actually executing them, so that they are available for
+subsequent recall.
+.PP
+The shell allows control of the various characters used by the
+history expansion mechanism (see the description of
+.B histchars
+above under
+.BR "Shell Variables" ).
+The shell uses
+the history comment character to mark history timestamps when
+writing the history file.
+.SS Event Designators
+.PP
+An event designator is a reference to a command line entry in the
+history list.
+Unless the reference is absolute, events are relative to the current
+position in the history list.
+.PP
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B !
+Start a history substitution, except when followed by a
+.BR blank ,
+newline, carriage return, =
+or ( (when the \fBextglob\fP shell option is enabled using
+the \fBshopt\fP builtin).
+.TP
+.B !\fIn\fR
+Refer to command line
+.IR n .
+.TP
+.B !\-\fIn\fR
+Refer to the current command minus
+.IR n .
+.TP
+.B !!
+Refer to the previous command. This is a synonym for `!\-1'.
+.TP
+.B !\fIstring\fR
+Refer to the most recent command preceding the current position in the
+history list starting with
+.IR string .
+.TP
+.B !?\fIstring\fR\fB[?]\fR
+Refer to the most recent command preceding the current position in the
+history list containing
+.IR string .
+The trailing \fB?\fP may be omitted if
+.I string
+is followed immediately by a newline.
+.TP
+.B \d\s+2^\s-2\u\fIstring1\fP\d\s+2^\s-2\u\fIstring2\fP\d\s+2^\s-2\u
+Quick substitution. Repeat the previous command, replacing
+.I string1
+with
+.IR string2 .
+Equivalent to
+``!!:s/\fIstring1\fP/\fIstring2\fP/''
+(see \fBModifiers\fP below).
+.TP
+.B !#
+The entire command line typed so far.
+.PD
+.SS Word Designators
+.PP
+Word designators are used to select desired words from the event.
+A
+.B :
+separates the event specification from the word designator.
+It may be omitted if the word designator begins with a
+.BR ^ ,
+.BR $ ,
+.BR * ,
+.BR \- ,
+or
+.BR % .
+Words are numbered from the beginning of the line,
+with the first word being denoted by 0 (zero).
+Words are inserted into the current line separated by single spaces.
+.PP
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B 0 (zero)
+The zeroth word. For the shell, this is the command
+word.
+.TP
+.I n
+The \fIn\fRth word.
+.TP
+.B ^
+The first argument. That is, word 1.
+.TP
+.B $
+The last word. This is usually the last argument, but will expand to the
+zeroth word if there is only one word in the line.
+.TP
+.B %
+The word matched by the most recent `?\fIstring\fR?' search.
+.TP
+.I x\fB\-\fPy
+A range of words; `\-\fIy\fR' abbreviates `0\-\fIy\fR'.
+.TP
+.B *
+All of the words but the zeroth. This is a synonym
+for `\fI1\-$\fP'. It is not an error to use
+.B *
+if there is just one
+word in the event; the empty string is returned in that case.
+.TP
+.B x*
+Abbreviates \fIx\-$\fP.
+.TP
+.B x\-
+Abbreviates \fIx\-$\fP like \fBx*\fP, but omits the last word.
+.PD
+.PP
+If a word designator is supplied without an event specification, the
+previous command is used as the event.
+.SS Modifiers
+.PP
+After the optional word designator, there may appear a sequence of
+one or more of the following modifiers, each preceded by a `:'.
+.PP
+.PD 0
+.PP
+.TP
+.B h
+Remove a trailing filename component, leaving only the head.
+.TP
+.B t
+Remove all leading filename components, leaving the tail.
+.TP
+.B r
+Remove a trailing suffix of the form \fI.xxx\fP, leaving the
+basename.
+.TP
+.B e
+Remove all but the trailing suffix.
+.TP
+.B p
+Print the new command but do not execute it.
+.TP
+.B q
+Quote the substituted words, escaping further substitutions.
+.TP
+.B x
+Quote the substituted words as with
+.BR q ,
+but break into words at
+.B blanks
+and newlines.
+.TP
+.B s/\fIold\fP/\fInew\fP/
+Substitute
+.I new
+for the first occurrence of
+.I old
+in the event line. Any delimiter can be used in place of /. The
+final delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the
+event line. The delimiter may be quoted in
+.I old
+and
+.I new
+with a single backslash. If & appears in
+.IR new ,
+it is replaced by
+.IR old .
+A single backslash will quote the &. If
+.I old
+is null, it is set to the last
+.I old
+substituted, or, if no previous history substitutions took place,
+the last
+.I string
+in a
+.B !?\fIstring\fR\fB[?]\fR
+search.
+.TP
+.B &
+Repeat the previous substitution.
+.TP
+.B g
+Cause changes to be applied over the entire event line. This is
+used in conjunction with `\fB:s\fP' (e.g., `\fB:gs/\fIold\fP/\fInew\fP/\fR')
+or `\fB:&\fP'. If used with
+`\fB:s\fP', any delimiter can be used
+in place of /, and the final delimiter is optional
+if it is the last character of the event line.
+An \fBa\fP may be used as a synonym for \fBg\fP.
+.TP
+.B G
+Apply the following `\fBs\fP' modifier once to each word in the event line.
+.PD
+.SH "SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS"
+.\" start of bash_builtins
+.zZ
+.PP
+Unless otherwise noted, each builtin command documented in this
+section as accepting options preceded by
+.B \-
+accepts
+.B \-\-
+to signify the end of the options.
+The \fB:\fP, \fBtrue\fP, \fBfalse\fP, and \fBtest\fP builtins
+do not accept options and do not treat \fB\-\-\fP specially.
+The \fBexit\fP, \fBlogout\fP, \fBbreak\fP, \fBcontinue\fP, \fBlet\fP,
+and \fBshift\fP builtins accept and process arguments beginning with
+\fB\-\fP without requiring \fB\-\-\fP.
+Other builtins that accept arguments but are not specified as accepting
+options interpret arguments beginning with \fB\-\fP as invalid options and
+require \fB\-\-\fP to prevent this interpretation.
+.sp .5
+.PD 0
+.TP
+\fB:\fP [\fIarguments\fP]
+.PD
+No effect; the command does nothing beyond expanding
+.I arguments
+and performing any specified
+redirections. A zero exit code is returned.
+.TP
+\fB .\| \fP \fIfilename\fP [\fIarguments\fP]
+.PD 0
+.TP
+\fBsource\fP \fIfilename\fP [\fIarguments\fP]
+.PD
+Read and execute commands from
+.I filename
+in the current
+shell environment and return the exit status of the last command
+executed from
+.IR filename .
+If
+.I filename
+does not contain a slash, filenames in
+.SM
+.B PATH
+are used to find the directory containing
+.IR filename .
+The file searched for in
+.SM
+.B PATH
+need not be executable.
+When \fBbash\fP is not in \fIposix mode\fP, the current directory is
+searched if no file is found in
+.SM
+.BR PATH .
+If the
+.B sourcepath
+option to the
+.B shopt
+builtin command is turned off, the
+.SM
+.B PATH
+is not searched.
+If any \fIarguments\fP are supplied, they become the positional
+parameters when \fIfilename\fP is executed. Otherwise the positional
+parameters are unchanged.
+The return status is the status of the last command exited within
+the script (0 if no commands are executed), and false if
+.I filename
+is not found or cannot be read.
+.TP
+\fBalias\fP [\fB\-p\fP] [\fIname\fP[=\fIvalue\fP] ...]
+\fBAlias\fP with no arguments or with the
+.B \-p
+option prints the list of aliases in the form
+\fBalias\fP \fIname\fP=\fIvalue\fP on standard output.
+When arguments are supplied, an alias is defined for
+each \fIname\fP whose \fIvalue\fP is given.
+A trailing space in \fIvalue\fP causes the next word to be
+checked for alias substitution when the alias is expanded.
+For each \fIname\fP in the argument list for which no \fIvalue\fP
+is supplied, the name and value of the alias is printed.
+\fBAlias\fP returns true unless a \fIname\fP is given for which
+no alias has been defined.
+.TP
+\fBbg\fP [\fIjobspec\fP ...]
+Resume each suspended job \fIjobspec\fP in the background, as if it
+had been started with
+.BR & .
+If
+.I jobspec
+is not present, the shell's notion of the \fIcurrent job\fP is used.
+.B bg
+.I jobspec
+returns 0 unless run when job control is disabled or, when run with
+job control enabled, any specified \fIjobspec\fP was not found
+or was started without job control.
+.TP
+\fBbind\fP [\fB\-m\fP \fIkeymap\fP] [\fB\-lpsvPSVX\fP]
+.PD 0
+.TP
+\fBbind\fP [\fB\-m\fP \fIkeymap\fP] [\fB\-q\fP \fIfunction\fP] [\fB\-u\fP \fIfunction\fP] [\fB\-r\fP \fIkeyseq\fP]
+.TP
+\fBbind\fP [\fB\-m\fP \fIkeymap\fP] \fB\-f\fP \fIfilename\fP
+.TP
+\fBbind\fP [\fB\-m\fP \fIkeymap\fP] \fB\-x\fP \fIkeyseq\fP:\fIshell\-command\fP
+.TP
+\fBbind\fP [\fB\-m\fP \fIkeymap\fP] \fIkeyseq\fP:\fIfunction\-name\fP
+.TP
+\fBbind\fP \fIreadline\-command\fP
+.PD
+Display current
+.B readline
+key and function bindings, bind a key sequence to a
+.B readline
+function or macro, or set a
+.B readline
+variable.
+Each non-option argument is a command as it would appear in
+.IR .inputrc ,
+but each binding or command must be passed as a separate argument;
+e.g., '"\eC\-x\eC\-r": re\-read\-init\-file'.
+Options, if supplied, have the following meanings:
+.RS
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B \-m \fIkeymap\fP
+Use
+.I keymap
+as the keymap to be affected by the subsequent bindings.
+Acceptable
+.I keymap
+names are
+\fIemacs, emacs\-standard, emacs\-meta, emacs\-ctlx, vi,
+vi\-move, vi\-command\fP, and
+.IR vi\-insert .
+\fIvi\fP is equivalent to \fIvi\-command\fP; \fIemacs\fP is
+equivalent to \fIemacs\-standard\fP.
+.TP
+.B \-l
+List the names of all \fBreadline\fP functions.
+.TP
+.B \-p
+Display \fBreadline\fP function names and bindings in such a way
+that they can be re-read.
+.TP
+.B \-P
+List current \fBreadline\fP function names and bindings.
+.TP
+.B \-s
+Display \fBreadline\fP key sequences bound to macros and the strings
+they output in such a way that they can be re-read.
+.TP
+.B \-S
+Display \fBreadline\fP key sequences bound to macros and the strings
+they output.
+.TP
+.B \-v
+Display \fBreadline\fP variable names and values in such a way that they
+can be re-read.
+.TP
+.B \-V
+List current \fBreadline\fP variable names and values.
+.TP
+.B \-f \fIfilename\fP
+Read key bindings from \fIfilename\fP.
+.TP
+.B \-q \fIfunction\fP
+Query about which keys invoke the named \fIfunction\fP.
+.TP
+.B \-u \fIfunction\fP
+Unbind all keys bound to the named \fIfunction\fP.
+.TP
+.B \-r \fIkeyseq\fP
+Remove any current binding for \fIkeyseq\fP.
+.TP
+.B \-x \fIkeyseq\fP:\fIshell\-command\fP
+Cause \fIshell\-command\fP to be executed whenever \fIkeyseq\fP is
+entered.
+When \fIshell\-command\fP is executed, the shell sets the
+.SM
+.B READLINE_LINE
+variable to the contents of the \fBreadline\fP line buffer and the
+.SM
+.B READLINE_POINT
+variable to the current location of the insertion point.
+If the executed command changes the value of
+.SM
+.B READLINE_LINE
+or
+.SM
+.BR READLINE_POINT ,
+those new values will be reflected in the editing state.
+.TP
+.B \-X
+List all key sequences bound to shell commands and the associated commands
+in a format that can be reused as input.
+.PD
+.PP
+The return value is 0 unless an unrecognized option is given or an
+error occurred.
+.RE
+.TP
+\fBbreak\fP [\fIn\fP]
+Exit from within a
+.BR for ,
+.BR while ,
+.BR until ,
+or
+.B select
+loop. If \fIn\fP is specified, break \fIn\fP levels.
+.I n
+must be \(>= 1. If
+.I n
+is greater than the number of enclosing loops, all enclosing loops
+are exited.
+The return value is 0 unless \fIn\fP is not greater than or equal to 1.
+.TP
+\fBbuiltin\fP \fIshell\-builtin\fP [\fIarguments\fP]
+Execute the specified shell builtin, passing it
+.IR arguments ,
+and return its exit status.
+This is useful when defining a
+function whose name is the same as a shell builtin,
+retaining the functionality of the builtin within the function.
+The \fBcd\fP builtin is commonly redefined this way.
+The return status is false if
+.I shell\-builtin
+is not a shell builtin command.
+.TP
+\fBcaller\fP [\fIexpr\fP]
+Returns the context of any active subroutine call (a shell function or
+a script executed with the \fB.\fP or \fBsource\fP builtins).
+Without \fIexpr\fP, \fBcaller\fP displays the line number and source
+filename of the current subroutine call.
+If a non-negative integer is supplied as \fIexpr\fP, \fBcaller\fP
+displays the line number, subroutine name, and source file corresponding
+to that position in the current execution call stack. This extra
+information may be used, for example, to print a stack trace. The
+current frame is frame 0.
+The return value is 0 unless the shell is not executing a subroutine
+call or \fIexpr\fP does not correspond to a valid position in the
+call stack.
+.TP
+\fBcd\fP [\fB\-L\fP|[\fB\-P\fP [\fB\-e\fP]] [\-@]] [\fIdir\fP]
+Change the current directory to \fIdir\fP.
+if \fIdir\fP is not supplied, the value of the
+.SM
+.B HOME
+shell variable is the default.
+Any additional arguments following \fIdir\fP are ignored.
+The variable
+.SM
+.B CDPATH
+defines the search path for the directory containing
+.IR dir :
+each directory name in
+.SM
+.B CDPATH
+is searched for \fIdir\fP.
+Alternative directory names in
+.SM
+.B CDPATH
+are separated by a colon (:). A null directory name in
+.SM
+.B CDPATH
+is the same as the current directory, i.e., ``\fB.\fP''. If
+.I dir
+begins with a slash (/),
+then
+.SM
+.B CDPATH
+is not used. The
+.B \-P
+option causes \fBcd\fP to use the physical directory structure
+by resolving symbolic links while traversing \fIdir\fP and
+before processing instances of \fI..\fP in \fIdir\fP (see also the
+.B \-P
+option to the
+.B set
+builtin command); the
+.B \-L
+option forces symbolic links to be followed by resolving the link
+after processing instances of \fI..\fP in \fIdir\fP.
+If \fI..\fP appears in \fIdir\fP, it is processed by removing the
+immediately previous pathname component from \fIdir\fP, back to a slash
+or the beginning of \fIdir\fP.
+If the
+.B \-e
+option is supplied with
+.BR \-P ,
+and the current working directory cannot be successfully determined
+after a successful directory change, \fBcd\fP will return an unsuccessful
+status.
+On systems that support it, the \fB\-@\fP option presents the extended
+attributes associated with a file as a directory.
+An argument of
+.B \-
+is converted to
+.SM
+.B $OLDPWD
+before the directory change is attempted.
+If a non-empty directory name from
+.SM
+.B CDPATH
+is used, or if
+\fB\-\fP is the first argument, and the directory change is
+successful, the absolute pathname of the new working directory is
+written to the standard output.
+The return value is true if the directory was successfully changed;
+false otherwise.
+.TP
+\fBcommand\fP [\fB\-pVv\fP] \fIcommand\fP [\fIarg\fP ...]
+Run
+.I command
+with
+.I args
+suppressing the normal shell function lookup. Only builtin
+commands or commands found in the
+.SM
+.B PATH
+are executed. If the
+.B \-p
+option is given, the search for
+.I command
+is performed using a default value for
+.SM
+.B PATH
+that is guaranteed to find all of the standard utilities.
+If either the
+.B \-V
+or
+.B \-v
+option is supplied, a description of
+.I command
+is printed. The
+.B \-v
+option causes a single word indicating the command or filename
+used to invoke
+.I command
+to be displayed; the
+.B \-V
+option produces a more verbose description.
+If the
+.B \-V
+or
+.B \-v
+option is supplied, the exit status is 0 if
+.I command
+was found, and 1 if not. If neither option is supplied and
+an error occurred or
+.I command
+cannot be found, the exit status is 127. Otherwise, the exit status of the
+.B command
+builtin is the exit status of
+.IR command .
+.TP
+\fBcompgen\fP [\fIoption\fP] [\fIword\fP]
+Generate possible completion matches for \fIword\fP according to
+the \fIoption\fPs, which may be any option accepted by the
+.B complete
+builtin with the exception of \fB\-p\fP and \fB\-r\fP, and write
+the matches to the standard output.
+When using the \fB\-F\fP or \fB\-C\fP options, the various shell variables
+set by the programmable completion facilities, while available, will not
+have useful values.
+.sp 1
+The matches will be generated in the same way as if the programmable
+completion code had generated them directly from a completion specification
+with the same flags.
+If \fIword\fP is specified, only those completions matching \fIword\fP
+will be displayed.
+.sp 1
+The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied, or no
+matches were generated.
+.TP
+\fBcomplete\fP [\fB\-abcdefgjksuv\fP] [\fB\-o\fP \fIcomp-option\fP] [\fB\-DE\fP] [\fB\-A\fP \fIaction\fP] [\fB\-G\fP \fIglobpat\fP] [\fB\-W\fP \fIwordlist\fP] [\fB\-F\fP \fIfunction\fP] [\fB\-C\fP \fIcommand\fP]
+.br
+[\fB\-X\fP \fIfilterpat\fP] [\fB\-P\fP \fIprefix\fP] [\fB\-S\fP \fIsuffix\fP] \fIname\fP [\fIname ...\fP]
+.PD 0
+.TP
+\fBcomplete\fP \fB\-pr\fP [\fB\-DE\fP] [\fIname\fP ...]
+.PD
+Specify how arguments to each \fIname\fP should be completed.
+If the \fB\-p\fP option is supplied, or if no options are supplied,
+existing completion specifications are printed in a way that allows
+them to be reused as input.
+The \fB\-r\fP option removes a completion specification for
+each \fIname\fP, or, if no \fIname\fPs are supplied, all
+completion specifications.
+The \fB\-D\fP option indicates that the remaining options and actions should
+apply to the ``default'' command completion; that is, completion attempted
+on a command for which no completion has previously been defined.
+The \fB\-E\fP option indicates that the remaining options and actions should
+apply to ``empty'' command completion; that is, completion attempted on a
+blank line.
+.sp 1
+The process of applying these completion specifications when word completion
+is attempted is described above under \fBProgrammable Completion\fP.
+.sp 1
+Other options, if specified, have the following meanings.
+The arguments to the \fB\-G\fP, \fB\-W\fP, and \fB\-X\fP options
+(and, if necessary, the \fB\-P\fP and \fB\-S\fP options)
+should be quoted to protect them from expansion before the
+.B complete
+builtin is invoked.
+.RS
+.PD 0
+.TP 8
+\fB\-o\fP \fIcomp-option\fP
+The \fIcomp-option\fP controls several aspects of the compspec's behavior
+beyond the simple generation of completions.
+\fIcomp-option\fP may be one of:
+.RS
+.TP 8
+.B bashdefault
+Perform the rest of the default \fBbash\fP completions if the compspec
+generates no matches.
+.TP 8
+.B default
+Use readline's default filename completion if the compspec generates
+no matches.
+.TP 8
+.B dirnames
+Perform directory name completion if the compspec generates no matches.
+.TP 8
+.B filenames
+Tell readline that the compspec generates filenames, so it can perform any
+filename\-specific processing (like adding a slash to directory names,
+quoting special characters, or suppressing trailing spaces).
+Intended to be used with shell functions.
+.TP 8
+.B noquote
+Tell readline not to quote the completed words if they are filenames
+(quoting filenames is the default).
+.TP 8
+.B nospace
+Tell readline not to append a space (the default) to words completed at
+the end of the line.
+.TP 8
+.B plusdirs
+After any matches defined by the compspec are generated,
+directory name completion is attempted and any
+matches are added to the results of the other actions.
+.RE
+.TP 8
+\fB\-A\fP \fIaction\fP
+The \fIaction\fP may be one of the following to generate a list of possible
+completions:
+.RS
+.TP 8
+.B alias
+Alias names. May also be specified as \fB\-a\fP.
+.TP 8
+.B arrayvar
+Array variable names.
+.TP 8
+.B binding
+\fBReadline\fP key binding names.
+.TP 8
+.B builtin
+Names of shell builtin commands. May also be specified as \fB\-b\fP.
+.TP 8
+.B command
+Command names. May also be specified as \fB\-c\fP.
+.TP 8
+.B directory
+Directory names. May also be specified as \fB\-d\fP.
+.TP 8
+.B disabled
+Names of disabled shell builtins.
+.TP 8
+.B enabled
+Names of enabled shell builtins.
+.TP 8
+.B export
+Names of exported shell variables. May also be specified as \fB\-e\fP.
+.TP 8
+.B file
+File names. May also be specified as \fB\-f\fP.
+.TP 8
+.B function
+Names of shell functions.
+.TP 8
+.B group
+Group names. May also be specified as \fB\-g\fP.
+.TP 8
+.B helptopic
+Help topics as accepted by the \fBhelp\fP builtin.
+.TP 8
+.B hostname
+Hostnames, as taken from the file specified by the
+.SM
+.B HOSTFILE
+shell variable.
+.TP 8
+.B job
+Job names, if job control is active. May also be specified as \fB\-j\fP.
+.TP 8
+.B keyword
+Shell reserved words. May also be specified as \fB\-k\fP.
+.TP 8
+.B running
+Names of running jobs, if job control is active.
+.TP 8
+.B service
+Service names. May also be specified as \fB\-s\fP.
+.TP 8
+.B setopt
+Valid arguments for the \fB\-o\fP option to the \fBset\fP builtin.
+.TP 8
+.B shopt
+Shell option names as accepted by the \fBshopt\fP builtin.
+.TP 8
+.B signal
+Signal names.
+.TP 8
+.B stopped
+Names of stopped jobs, if job control is active.
+.TP 8
+.B user
+User names. May also be specified as \fB\-u\fP.
+.TP 8
+.B variable
+Names of all shell variables. May also be specified as \fB\-v\fP.
+.RE
+.TP 8
+\fB\-C\fP \fIcommand\fP
+\fIcommand\fP is executed in a subshell environment, and its output is
+used as the possible completions.
+.TP 8
+\fB\-F\fP \fIfunction\fP
+The shell function \fIfunction\fP is executed in the current shell
+environment.
+When the function is executed,
+the first argument (\fB$1\fP) is the name of the command whose arguments are
+being completed,
+the second argument (\fB$2\fP) is the word being completed,
+and the third argument (\fB$3\fP) is the word preceding the word being
+completed on the current command line.
+When it finishes, the possible completions are retrieved from the value
+of the
+.SM
+.B COMPREPLY
+array variable.
+.TP 8
+\fB\-G\fP \fIglobpat\fP
+The pathname expansion pattern \fIglobpat\fP is expanded to generate
+the possible completions.
+.TP 8
+\fB\-P\fP \fIprefix\fP
+\fIprefix\fP is added at the beginning of each possible completion
+after all other options have been applied.
+.TP 8
+\fB\-S\fP \fIsuffix\fP
+\fIsuffix\fP is appended to each possible completion
+after all other options have been applied.
+.TP 8
+\fB\-W\fP \fIwordlist\fP
+The \fIwordlist\fP is split using the characters in the
+.SM
+.B IFS
+special variable as delimiters, and each resultant word is expanded.
+The possible completions are the members of the resultant list which
+match the word being completed.
+.TP 8
+\fB\-X\fP \fIfilterpat\fP
+\fIfilterpat\fP is a pattern as used for pathname expansion.
+It is applied to the list of possible completions generated by the
+preceding options and arguments, and each completion matching
+\fIfilterpat\fP is removed from the list.
+A leading \fB!\fP in \fIfilterpat\fP negates the pattern; in this
+case, any completion not matching \fIfilterpat\fP is removed.
+.PD
+.PP
+The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied, an option
+other than \fB\-p\fP or \fB\-r\fP is supplied without a \fIname\fP
+argument, an attempt is made to remove a completion specification for
+a \fIname\fP for which no specification exists, or
+an error occurs adding a completion specification.
+.RE
+.TP
+\fBcompopt\fP [\fB\-o\fP \fIoption\fP] [\fB\-DE\fP] [\fB+o\fP \fIoption\fP] [\fIname\fP]
+Modify completion options for each \fIname\fP according to the
+\fIoption\fPs, or for the
+currently-executing completion if no \fIname\fPs are supplied.
+If no \fIoption\fPs are given, display the completion options for each
+\fIname\fP or the current completion.
+The possible values of \fIoption\fP are those valid for the \fBcomplete\fP
+builtin described above.
+The \fB\-D\fP option indicates that the remaining options should
+apply to the ``default'' command completion; that is, completion attempted
+on a command for which no completion has previously been defined.
+The \fB\-E\fP option indicates that the remaining options should
+apply to ``empty'' command completion; that is, completion attempted on a
+blank line.
+.sp 1
+The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied, an attempt
+is made to modify the options for a \fIname\fP for which no completion
+specification exists, or an output error occurs.
+.TP
+\fBcontinue\fP [\fIn\fP]
+Resume the next iteration of the enclosing
+.BR for ,
+.BR while ,
+.BR until ,
+or
+.B select
+loop.
+If
+.I n
+is specified, resume at the \fIn\fPth enclosing loop.
+.I n
+must be \(>= 1. If
+.I n
+is greater than the number of enclosing loops, the last enclosing loop
+(the ``top-level'' loop) is resumed.
+The return value is 0 unless \fIn\fP is not greater than or equal to 1.
+.TP
+\fBdeclare\fP [\fB\-aAfFgilnrtux\fP] [\fB\-p\fP] [\fIname\fP[=\fIvalue\fP] ...]
+.PD 0
+.TP
+\fBtypeset\fP [\fB\-aAfFgilnrtux\fP] [\fB\-p\fP] [\fIname\fP[=\fIvalue\fP] ...]
+.PD
+Declare variables and/or give them attributes.
+If no \fIname\fPs are given then display the values of variables.
+The
+.B \-p
+option will display the attributes and values of each
+.IR name .
+When
+.B \-p
+is used with \fIname\fP arguments, additional options,
+other than \fB\-f\fP and \fB\-F\fP, are ignored.
+When
+.B \-p
+is supplied without \fIname\fP arguments, it will display the attributes
+and values of all variables having the attributes specified by the
+additional options.
+If no other options are supplied with \fB\-p\fP, \fBdeclare\fP will display
+the attributes and values of all shell variables. The \fB\-f\fP option
+will restrict the display to shell functions.
+The
+.B \-F
+option inhibits the display of function definitions; only the
+function name and attributes are printed.
+If the \fBextdebug\fP shell option is enabled using \fBshopt\fP,
+the source file name and line number where the function is defined
+are displayed as well. The
+.B \-F
+option implies
+.BR \-f .
+The
+.B \-g
+option forces variables to be created or modified at the global scope,
+even when \fBdeclare\fP is executed in a shell function.
+It is ignored in all other cases.
+The following options can
+be used to restrict output to variables with the specified attribute or
+to give variables attributes:
+.RS
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B \-a
+Each \fIname\fP is an indexed array variable (see
+.B Arrays
+above).
+.TP
+.B \-A
+Each \fIname\fP is an associative array variable (see
+.B Arrays
+above).
+.TP
+.B \-f
+Use function names only.
+.TP
+.B \-i
+The variable is treated as an integer; arithmetic evaluation (see
+.SM
+.B "ARITHMETIC EVALUATION"
+above) is performed when the variable is assigned a value.
+.TP
+.B \-l
+When the variable is assigned a value, all upper-case characters are
+converted to lower-case.
+The upper-case attribute is disabled.
+.TP
+.B \-n
+Give each \fIname\fP the \fInameref\fP attribute, making
+it a name reference to another variable.
+That other variable is defined by the value of \fIname\fP.
+All references and assignments to \fIname\fP, except for changing the
+\fB\-n\fP attribute itself, are performed on the variable referenced by
+\fIname\fP's value.
+The \fB\-n\fP attribute cannot be applied to array variables.
+.TP
+.B \-r
+Make \fIname\fPs readonly. These names cannot then be assigned values
+by subsequent assignment statements or unset.
+.TP
+.B \-t
+Give each \fIname\fP the \fItrace\fP attribute.
+Traced functions inherit the \fBDEBUG\fP and \fBRETURN\fP traps from
+the calling shell.
+The trace attribute has no special meaning for variables.
+.TP
+.B \-u
+When the variable is assigned a value, all lower-case characters are
+converted to upper-case.
+The lower-case attribute is disabled.
+.TP
+.B \-x
+Mark \fIname\fPs for export to subsequent commands via the environment.
+.PD
+.PP
+Using `+' instead of `\-'
+turns off the attribute instead,
+with the exceptions that \fB+a\fP
+may not be used to destroy an array variable and \fB+r\fP will not
+remove the readonly attribute.
+When used in a function,
+.B declare
+and
+.B typeset
+make each
+\fIname\fP local, as with the
+.B local
+command,
+unless the \fB\-g\fP option is supplied.
+If a variable name is followed by =\fIvalue\fP, the value of
+the variable is set to \fIvalue\fP.
+The return value is 0 unless an invalid option is encountered,
+an attempt is made to define a function using
+.if n ``\-f foo=bar'',
+.if t \f(CW\-f foo=bar\fP,
+an attempt is made to assign a value to a readonly variable,
+an attempt is made to assign a value to an array variable without
+using the compound assignment syntax (see
+.B Arrays
+above), one of the \fInames\fP is not a valid shell variable name,
+an attempt is made to turn off readonly status for a readonly variable,
+an attempt is made to turn off array status for an array variable,
+or an attempt is made to display a non-existent function with \fB\-f\fP.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B dirs [\fB\-clpv\fP] [+\fIn\fP] [\-\fIn\fP]
+Without options, displays the list of currently remembered directories.
+The default display is on a single line with directory names separated
+by spaces.
+Directories are added to the list with the
+.B pushd
+command; the
+.B popd
+command removes entries from the list.
+.RS
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B \-c
+Clears the directory stack by deleting all of the entries.
+.TP
+.B \-l
+Produces a listing using full pathnames;
+the default listing format uses a tilde to denote the home directory.
+.TP
+.B \-p
+Print the directory stack with one entry per line.
+.TP
+.B \-v
+Print the directory stack with one entry per line,
+prefixing each entry with its index in the stack.
+.TP
+\fB+\fP\fIn\fP
+Displays the \fIn\fPth entry counting from the left of the list
+shown by
+.B dirs
+when invoked without options, starting with zero.
+.TP
+\fB\-\fP\fIn\fP
+Displays the \fIn\fPth entry counting from the right of the list
+shown by
+.B dirs
+when invoked without options, starting with zero.
+.PD
+.PP
+The return value is 0 unless an
+invalid option is supplied or \fIn\fP indexes beyond the end
+of the directory stack.
+.RE
+.TP
+\fBdisown\fP [\fB\-ar\fP] [\fB\-h\fP] [\fIjobspec\fP ...]
+Without options, remove each
+.I jobspec
+from the table of active jobs.
+If
+.I jobspec
+is not present, and neither the \fB\-a\fP nor the \fB\-r\fP option
+is supplied, the \fIcurrent job\fP is used.
+If the \fB\-h\fP option is given, each
+.I jobspec
+is not removed from the table, but is marked so that
+.SM
+.B SIGHUP
+is not sent to the job if the shell receives a
+.SM
+.BR SIGHUP .
+If no
+.I jobspec
+is supplied, the
+.B \-a
+option means to remove or mark all jobs; the
+.B \-r
+option without a
+.I jobspec
+argument restricts operation to running jobs.
+The return value is 0 unless a
+.I jobspec
+does not specify a valid job.
+.TP
+\fBecho\fP [\fB\-neE\fP] [\fIarg\fP ...]
+Output the \fIarg\fPs, separated by spaces, followed by a newline.
+The return status is 0 unless a write error occurs.
+If \fB\-n\fP is specified, the trailing newline is
+suppressed. If the \fB\-e\fP option is given, interpretation of
+the following backslash-escaped characters is enabled. The
+.B \-E
+option disables the interpretation of these escape characters,
+even on systems where they are interpreted by default.
+The \fBxpg_echo\fP shell option may be used to
+dynamically determine whether or not \fBecho\fP expands these
+escape characters by default.
+.B echo
+does not interpret \fB\-\-\fP to mean the end of options.
+.B echo
+interprets the following escape sequences:
+.RS
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B \ea
+alert (bell)
+.TP
+.B \eb
+backspace
+.TP
+.B \ec
+suppress further output
+.TP
+.B \ee
+.TP
+.B \eE
+an escape character
+.TP
+.B \ef
+form feed
+.TP
+.B \en
+new line
+.TP
+.B \er
+carriage return
+.TP
+.B \et
+horizontal tab
+.TP
+.B \ev
+vertical tab
+.TP
+.B \e\e
+backslash
+.TP
+.B \e0\fInnn\fP
+the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value \fInnn\fP
+(zero to three octal digits)
+.TP
+.B \ex\fIHH\fP
+the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal value \fIHH\fP
+(one or two hex digits)
+.TP
+.B \eu\fIHHHH\fP
+the Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is the hexadecimal value
+\fIHHHH\fP (one to four hex digits)
+.TP
+.B \eU\fIHHHHHHHH\fP
+the Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is the hexadecimal value
+\fIHHHHHHHH\fP (one to eight hex digits)
+.PD
+.RE
+.TP
+\fBenable\fP [\fB\-a\fP] [\fB\-dnps\fP] [\fB\-f\fP \fIfilename\fP] [\fIname\fP ...]
+Enable and disable builtin shell commands.
+Disabling a builtin allows a disk command which has the same name
+as a shell builtin to be executed without specifying a full pathname,
+even though the shell normally searches for builtins before disk commands.
+If \fB\-n\fP is used, each \fIname\fP
+is disabled; otherwise,
+\fInames\fP are enabled. For example, to use the
+.B test
+binary found via the
+.SM
+.B PATH
+instead of the shell builtin version, run
+.if t \f(CWenable -n test\fP.
+.if n ``enable -n test''.
+The
+.B \-f
+option means to load the new builtin command
+.I name
+from shared object
+.IR filename ,
+on systems that support dynamic loading. The
+.B \-d
+option will delete a builtin previously loaded with
+.BR \-f .
+If no \fIname\fP arguments are given, or if the
+.B \-p
+option is supplied, a list of shell builtins is printed.
+With no other option arguments, the list consists of all enabled
+shell builtins.
+If \fB\-n\fP is supplied, only disabled builtins are printed.
+If \fB\-a\fP is supplied, the list printed includes all builtins, with an
+indication of whether or not each is enabled.
+If \fB\-s\fP is supplied, the output is restricted to the POSIX
+\fIspecial\fP builtins.
+The return value is 0 unless a
+.I name
+is not a shell builtin or there is an error loading a new builtin
+from a shared object.
+.TP
+\fBeval\fP [\fIarg\fP ...]
+The \fIarg\fPs are read and concatenated together into a single
+command. This command is then read and executed by the shell, and
+its exit status is returned as the value of
+.BR eval .
+If there are no
+.IR args ,
+or only null arguments,
+.B eval
+returns 0.
+.TP
+\fBexec\fP [\fB\-cl\fP] [\fB\-a\fP \fIname\fP] [\fIcommand\fP [\fIarguments\fP]]
+If
+.I command
+is specified, it replaces the shell.
+No new process is created. The
+.I arguments
+become the arguments to \fIcommand\fP.
+If the
+.B \-l
+option is supplied,
+the shell places a dash at the beginning of the zeroth argument passed to
+.IR command .
+This is what
+.IR login (1)
+does. The
+.B \-c
+option causes
+.I command
+to be executed with an empty environment. If
+.B \-a
+is supplied, the shell passes
+.I name
+as the zeroth argument to the executed command.
+If
+.I command
+cannot be executed for some reason, a non-interactive shell exits,
+unless the
+.B execfail
+shell option
+is enabled. In that case, it returns failure.
+An interactive shell returns failure if the file cannot be executed.
+If
+.I command
+is not specified, any redirections take effect in the current shell,
+and the return status is 0. If there is a redirection error, the
+return status is 1.
+.TP
+\fBexit\fP [\fIn\fP]
+Cause the shell to exit
+with a status of \fIn\fP. If
+.I n
+is omitted, the exit status
+is that of the last command executed.
+A trap on
+.SM
+.B EXIT
+is executed before the shell terminates.
+.TP
+\fBexport\fP [\fB\-fn\fP\^] [\fIname\fP[=\fIword\fP]] ...
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B export \-p
+.PD
+The supplied
+.I names
+are marked for automatic export to the environment of
+subsequently executed commands. If the
+.B \-f
+option is given,
+the
+.I names
+refer to functions.
+If no
+.I names
+are given, or if the
+.B \-p
+option is supplied, a list
+of names of all exported variables is printed.
+The
+.B \-n
+option causes the export property to be removed from each
+\fIname\fP.
+If a variable name is followed by =\fIword\fP, the value of
+the variable is set to \fIword\fP.
+.B export
+returns an exit status of 0 unless an invalid option is
+encountered,
+one of the \fInames\fP is not a valid shell variable name, or
+.B \-f
+is supplied with a
+.I name
+that is not a function.
+.TP
+\fBfc\fP [\fB\-e\fP \fIename\fP] [\fB\-lnr\fP] [\fIfirst\fP] [\fIlast\fP]
+.PD 0
+.TP
+\fBfc\fP \fB\-s\fP [\fIpat\fP=\fIrep\fP] [\fIcmd\fP]
+.PD
+The first form selects a range of commands from
+.I first
+to
+.I last
+from the history list and displays or edits and re-executes them.
+.I First
+and
+.I last
+may be specified as a string (to locate the last command beginning
+with that string) or as a number (an index into the history list,
+where a negative number is used as an offset from the current
+command number). If
+.I last
+is not specified it is set to
+the current command for listing (so that
+.if n ``fc \-l \-10''
+.if t \f(CWfc \-l \-10\fP
+prints the last 10 commands) and to
+.I first
+otherwise.
+If
+.I first
+is not specified it is set to the previous
+command for editing and \-16 for listing.
+.sp 1
+The
+.B \-n
+option suppresses
+the command numbers when listing. The
+.B \-r
+option reverses the order of
+the commands. If the
+.B \-l
+option is given,
+the commands are listed on
+standard output. Otherwise, the editor given by
+.I ename
+is invoked
+on a file containing those commands. If
+.I ename
+is not given, the
+value of the
+.SM
+.B FCEDIT
+variable is used, and
+the value of
+.SM
+.B EDITOR
+if
+.SM
+.B FCEDIT
+is not set. If neither variable is set,
+.FN vi
+is used. When editing is complete, the edited commands are
+echoed and executed.
+.sp 1
+In the second form, \fIcommand\fP is re-executed after each instance
+of \fIpat\fP is replaced by \fIrep\fP.
+\fICommand\fP is intepreted the same as \fIfirst\fP above.
+A useful alias to use with this is
+.if n ``r="fc -s"'',
+.if t \f(CWr='fc \-s'\fP,
+so that typing
+.if n ``r cc''
+.if t \f(CWr cc\fP
+runs the last command beginning with
+.if n ``cc''
+.if t \f(CWcc\fP
+and typing
+.if n ``r''
+.if t \f(CWr\fP
+re-executes the last command.
+.sp 1
+If the first form is used, the return value is 0 unless an invalid
+option is encountered or
+.I first
+or
+.I last
+specify history lines out of range.
+If the
+.B \-e
+option is supplied, the return value is the value of the last
+command executed or failure if an error occurs with the temporary
+file of commands. If the second form is used, the return status
+is that of the command re-executed, unless
+.I cmd
+does not specify a valid history line, in which case
+.B fc
+returns failure.
+.TP
+\fBfg\fP [\fIjobspec\fP]
+Resume
+.I jobspec
+in the foreground, and make it the current job.
+If
+.I jobspec
+is not present, the shell's notion of the \fIcurrent job\fP is used.
+The return value is that of the command placed into the foreground,
+or failure if run when job control is disabled or, when run with
+job control enabled, if
+.I jobspec
+does not specify a valid job or
+.I jobspec
+specifies a job that was started without job control.
+.TP
+\fBgetopts\fP \fIoptstring\fP \fIname\fP [\fIargs\fP]
+.B getopts
+is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters.
+.I optstring
+contains the option characters to be recognized; if a character
+is followed by a colon, the option is expected to have an
+argument, which should be separated from it by white space.
+The colon and question mark characters may not be used as
+option characters.
+Each time it is invoked,
+.B getopts
+places the next option in the shell variable
+.IR name ,
+initializing
+.I name
+if it does not exist,
+and the index of the next argument to be processed into the
+variable
+.SM
+.BR OPTIND .
+.SM
+.B OPTIND
+is initialized to 1 each time the shell or a shell script
+is invoked. When an option requires an argument,
+.B getopts
+places that argument into the variable
+.SM
+.BR OPTARG .
+The shell does not reset
+.SM
+.B OPTIND
+automatically; it must be manually reset between multiple
+calls to
+.B getopts
+within the same shell invocation if a new set of parameters
+is to be used.
+.sp 1
+When the end of options is encountered, \fBgetopts\fP exits with a
+return value greater than zero.
+.SM
+.B OPTIND
+is set to the index of the first non-option argument,
+and \fIname\fP is set to ?.
+.sp 1
+.B getopts
+normally parses the positional parameters, but if more arguments are
+given in
+.IR args ,
+.B getopts
+parses those instead.
+.sp 1
+.B getopts
+can report errors in two ways. If the first character of
+.I optstring
+is a colon,
+.I silent
+error reporting is used. In normal operation, diagnostic messages
+are printed when invalid options or missing option arguments are
+encountered.
+If the variable
+.SM
+.B OPTERR
+is set to 0, no error messages will be displayed, even if the first
+character of
+.I optstring
+is not a colon.
+.sp 1
+If an invalid option is seen,
+.B getopts
+places ? into
+.I name
+and, if not silent,
+prints an error message and unsets
+.SM
+.BR OPTARG .
+If
+.B getopts
+is silent,
+the option character found is placed in
+.SM
+.B OPTARG
+and no diagnostic message is printed.
+.sp 1
+If a required argument is not found, and
+.B getopts
+is not silent,
+a question mark (\^\fB?\fP\^) is placed in
+.IR name ,
+.SM
+.B OPTARG
+is unset, and a diagnostic message is printed.
+If
+.B getopts
+is silent, then a colon (\^\fB:\fP\^) is placed in
+.I name
+and
+.SM
+.B OPTARG
+is set to the option character found.
+.sp 1
+.B getopts
+returns true if an option, specified or unspecified, is found.
+It returns false if the end of options is encountered or an
+error occurs.
+.TP
+\fBhash\fP [\fB\-lr\fP] [\fB\-p\fP \fIfilename\fP] [\fB\-dt\fP] [\fIname\fP]
+Each time \fBhash\fP is invoked,
+the full pathname of the command
+.I name
+is determined by searching
+the directories in
+.B $PATH
+and remembered. Any previously-remembered pathname is discarded.
+If the
+.B \-p
+option is supplied, no path search is performed, and
+.I filename
+is used as the full filename of the command.
+The
+.B \-r
+option causes the shell to forget all
+remembered locations.
+The
+.B \-d
+option causes the shell to forget the remembered location of each \fIname\fP.
+If the
+.B \-t
+option is supplied, the full pathname to which each \fIname\fP corresponds
+is printed. If multiple \fIname\fP arguments are supplied with \fB\-t\fP,
+the \fIname\fP is printed before the hashed full pathname.
+The
+.B \-l
+option causes output to be displayed in a format that may be reused as input.
+If no arguments are given, or if only \fB\-l\fP is supplied,
+information about remembered commands is printed.
+The return status is true unless a
+.I name
+is not found or an invalid option is supplied.
+.TP
+\fBhelp\fP [\fB\-dms\fP] [\fIpattern\fP]
+Display helpful information about builtin commands. If
+.I pattern
+is specified,
+.B help
+gives detailed help on all commands matching
+.IR pattern ;
+otherwise help for all the builtins and shell control structures
+is printed.
+.RS
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B \-d
+Display a short description of each \fIpattern\fP
+.TP
+.B \-m
+Display the description of each \fIpattern\fP in a manpage-like format
+.TP
+.B \-s
+Display only a short usage synopsis for each \fIpattern\fP
+.PD
+.PP
+The return status is 0 unless no command matches
+.IR pattern .
+.RE
+.TP
+\fBhistory [\fIn\fP]
+.PD 0
+.TP
+\fBhistory\fP \fB\-c\fP
+.TP
+\fBhistory \-d\fP \fIoffset\fP
+.TP
+\fBhistory\fP \fB\-anrw\fP [\fIfilename\fP]
+.TP
+\fBhistory\fP \fB\-p\fP \fIarg\fP [\fIarg ...\fP]
+.TP
+\fBhistory\fP \fB\-s\fP \fIarg\fP [\fIarg ...\fP]
+.PD
+With no options, display the command
+history list with line numbers. Lines listed
+with a
+.B *
+have been modified. An argument of
+.I n
+lists only the last
+.I n
+lines.
+If the shell variable
+.SM
+.B HISTTIMEFORMAT
+is set and not null,
+it is used as a format string for \fIstrftime\fP(3) to display
+the time stamp associated with each displayed history entry.
+No intervening blank is printed between the formatted time stamp
+and the history line.
+If \fIfilename\fP is supplied, it is used as the
+name of the history file; if not, the value of
+.SM
+.B HISTFILE
+is used. Options, if supplied, have the following meanings:
+.RS
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B \-c
+Clear the history list by deleting all the entries.
+.TP
+\fB\-d\fP \fIoffset\fP
+Delete the history entry at position \fIoffset\fP.
+.TP
+.B \-a
+Append the ``new'' history lines (history lines entered since the
+beginning of the current \fBbash\fP session) to the history file.
+.TP
+.B \-n
+Read the history lines not already read from the history
+file into the current history list. These are lines
+appended to the history file since the beginning of the
+current \fBbash\fP session.
+.TP
+.B \-r
+Read the contents of the history file
+and append them to the current history list.
+.TP
+.B \-w
+Write the current history list to the history file, overwriting the
+history file's contents.
+.TP
+.B \-p
+Perform history substitution on the following \fIargs\fP and display
+the result on the standard output.
+Does not store the results in the history list.
+Each \fIarg\fP must be quoted to disable normal history expansion.
+.TP
+.B \-s
+Store the
+.I args
+in the history list as a single entry. The last command in the
+history list is removed before the
+.I args
+are added.
+.PD
+.PP
+If the
+.SM
+.B HISTTIMEFORMAT
+variable is set, the time stamp information
+associated with each history entry is written to the history file,
+marked with the history comment character.
+When the history file is read, lines beginning with the history
+comment character followed immediately by a digit are interpreted
+as timestamps for the previous history line.
+The return value is 0 unless an invalid option is encountered, an
+error occurs while reading or writing the history file, an invalid
+\fIoffset\fP is supplied as an argument to \fB\-d\fP, or the
+history expansion supplied as an argument to \fB\-p\fP fails.
+.RE
+.TP
+\fBjobs\fP [\fB\-lnprs\fP] [ \fIjobspec\fP ... ]
+.PD 0
+.TP
+\fBjobs\fP \fB\-x\fP \fIcommand\fP [ \fIargs\fP ... ]
+.PD
+The first form lists the active jobs. The options have the following
+meanings:
+.RS
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B \-l
+List process IDs
+in addition to the normal information.
+.TP
+.B \-n
+Display information only about jobs that have changed status since
+the user was last notified of their status.
+.TP
+.B \-p
+List only the process ID of the job's process group
+leader.
+.TP
+.B \-r
+Display only running jobs.
+.TP
+.B \-s
+Display only stopped jobs.
+.PD
+.PP
+If
+.I jobspec
+is given, output is restricted to information about that job.
+The return status is 0 unless an invalid option is encountered
+or an invalid
+.I jobspec
+is supplied.
+.PP
+If the
+.B \-x
+option is supplied,
+.B jobs
+replaces any
+.I jobspec
+found in
+.I command
+or
+.I args
+with the corresponding process group ID, and executes
+.I command
+passing it
+.IR args ,
+returning its exit status.
+.RE
+.TP
+\fBkill\fP [\fB\-s\fP \fIsigspec\fP | \fB\-n\fP \fIsignum\fP | \fB\-\fP\fIsigspec\fP] [\fIpid\fP | \fIjobspec\fP] ...
+.PD 0
+.TP
+\fBkill\fP \fB\-l\fP [\fIsigspec\fP | \fIexit_status\fP]
+.PD
+Send the signal named by
+.I sigspec
+or
+.I signum
+to the processes named by
+.I pid
+or
+.IR jobspec .
+.I sigspec
+is either a case-insensitive signal name such as
+.SM
+.B SIGKILL
+(with or without the
+.SM
+.B SIG
+prefix) or a signal number;
+.I signum
+is a signal number.
+If
+.I sigspec
+is not present, then
+.SM
+.B SIGTERM
+is assumed.
+An argument of
+.B \-l
+lists the signal names.
+If any arguments are supplied when
+.B \-l
+is given, the names of the signals corresponding to the arguments are
+listed, and the return status is 0.
+The \fIexit_status\fP argument to
+.B \-l
+is a number specifying either a signal number or the exit status of
+a process terminated by a signal.
+.B kill
+returns true if at least one signal was successfully sent, or false
+if an error occurs or an invalid option is encountered.
+.TP
+\fBlet\fP \fIarg\fP [\fIarg\fP ...]
+Each
+.I arg
+is an arithmetic expression to be evaluated (see
+.SM
+.B "ARITHMETIC EVALUATION"
+above).
+If the last
+.I arg
+evaluates to 0,
+.B let
+returns 1; 0 is returned otherwise.
+.TP
+\fBlocal\fP [\fIoption\fP] [\fIname\fP[=\fIvalue\fP] ...]
+For each argument, a local variable named
+.I name
+is created, and assigned
+.IR value .
+The \fIoption\fP can be any of the options accepted by \fBdeclare\fP.
+When
+.B local
+is used within a function, it causes the variable
+.I name
+to have a visible scope restricted to that function and its children.
+With no operands,
+.B local
+writes a list of local variables to the standard output. It is
+an error to use
+.B local
+when not within a function. The return status is 0 unless
+.B local
+is used outside a function, an invalid
+.I name
+is supplied, or
+\fIname\fP is a readonly variable.
+.TP
+.B logout
+Exit a login shell.
+.TP
+\fBmapfile\fP [\fB\-n\fP \fIcount\fP] [\fB\-O\fP \fIorigin\fP] [\fB\-s\fP \fIcount\fP] [\fB\-t\fP] [\fB\-u\fP \fIfd\fP] [\fB\-C\fP \fIcallback\fP] [\fB\-c\fP \fIquantum\fP] [\fIarray\fP]
+.PD 0
+.TP
+\fBreadarray\fP [\fB\-n\fP \fIcount\fP] [\fB\-O\fP \fIorigin\fP] [\fB\-s\fP \fIcount\fP] [\fB\-t\fP] [\fB\-u\fP \fIfd\fP] [\fB\-C\fP \fIcallback\fP] [\fB\-c\fP \fIquantum\fP] [\fIarray\fP]
+.PD
+Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable
+.IR array ,
+or from file descriptor
+.IR fd
+if the
+.B \-u
+option is supplied.
+The variable
+.SM
+.B MAPFILE
+is the default \fIarray\fP.
+Options, if supplied, have the following meanings:
+.RS
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B \-n
+Copy at most
+.I count
+lines. If \fIcount\fP is 0, all lines are copied.
+.TP
+.B \-O
+Begin assigning to
+.I array
+at index
+.IR origin .
+The default index is 0.
+.TP
+.B \-s
+Discard the first \fIcount\fP lines read.
+.TP
+.B \-t
+Remove a trailing newline from each line read.
+.TP
+.B \-u
+Read lines from file descriptor \fIfd\fP instead of the standard input.
+.TP
+.B \-C
+Evaluate
+.I callback
+each time \fIquantum\fP lines are read. The \fB\-c\fP option specifies
+.IR quantum .
+.TP
+.B \-c
+Specify the number of lines read between each call to
+.IR callback .
+.PD
+.PP
+If
+.B \-C
+is specified without
+.BR \-c ,
+the default quantum is 5000.
+When \fIcallback\fP is evaluated, it is supplied the index of the next
+array element to be assigned and the line to be assigned to that element
+as additional arguments.
+\fIcallback\fP is evaluated after the line is read but before the
+array element is assigned.
+.PP
+If not supplied with an explicit origin, \fBmapfile\fP will clear \fIarray\fP
+before assigning to it.
+.PP
+\fBmapfile\fP returns successfully unless an invalid option or option
+argument is supplied, \fIarray\fP is invalid or unassignable, or if
+\fIarray\fP is not an indexed array.
+.RE
+.TP
+\fBpopd\fP [\-\fBn\fP] [+\fIn\fP] [\-\fIn\fP]
+Removes entries from the directory stack. With no arguments,
+removes the top directory from the stack, and performs a
+.B cd
+to the new top directory.
+Arguments, if supplied, have the following meanings:
+.RS
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B \-n
+Suppresses the normal change of directory when removing directories
+from the stack, so that only the stack is manipulated.
+.TP
+\fB+\fP\fIn\fP
+Removes the \fIn\fPth entry counting from the left of the list
+shown by
+.BR dirs ,
+starting with zero. For example:
+.if n ``popd +0''
+.if t \f(CWpopd +0\fP
+removes the first directory,
+.if n ``popd +1''
+.if t \f(CWpopd +1\fP
+the second.
+.TP
+\fB\-\fP\fIn\fP
+Removes the \fIn\fPth entry counting from the right of the list
+shown by
+.BR dirs ,
+starting with zero. For example:
+.if n ``popd -0''
+.if t \f(CWpopd -0\fP
+removes the last directory,
+.if n ``popd -1''
+.if t \f(CWpopd -1\fP
+the next to last.
+.PD
+.PP
+If the
+.B popd
+command is successful, a
+.B dirs
+is performed as well, and the return status is 0.
+.B popd
+returns false if an invalid option is encountered, the directory stack
+is empty, a non-existent directory stack entry is specified, or the
+directory change fails.
+.RE
+.TP
+\fBprintf\fP [\fB\-v\fP \fIvar\fP] \fIformat\fP [\fIarguments\fP]
+Write the formatted \fIarguments\fP to the standard output under the
+control of the \fIformat\fP.
+The \fB\-v\fP option causes the output to be assigned to the variable
+\fIvar\fP rather than being printed to the standard output.
+.sp 1
+The \fIformat\fP is a character string which contains three types of objects:
+plain characters, which are simply copied to standard output, character
+escape sequences, which are converted and copied to the standard output, and
+format specifications, each of which causes printing of the next successive
+\fIargument\fP.
+In addition to the standard \fIprintf\fP(1) format specifications,
+\fBprintf\fP interprets the following extensions:
+.RS
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B %b
+causes
+\fBprintf\fP to expand backslash escape sequences in the corresponding
+\fIargument\fP (except that \fB\ec\fP terminates output, backslashes in
+\fB\e\(aq\fP, \fB\e"\fP, and \fB\e?\fP are not removed, and octal escapes
+beginning with \fB\e0\fP may contain up to four digits).
+.TP
+.B %q
+causes \fBprintf\fP to output the corresponding
+\fIargument\fP in a format that can be reused as shell input.
+.TP
+.B %(\fIdatefmt\fP)T
+causes \fBprintf\fP to output the date-time string resulting from using
+\fIdatefmt\fP as a format string for \fIstrftime\fP(3).
+The corresponding \fIargument\fP is an integer representing the number of
+seconds since the epoch.
+Two special argument values may be used: -1 represents the current
+time, and -2 represents the time the shell was invoked.
+If no argument is specified, conversion behaves as if -1 had been given.
+This is an exception to the usual \fBprintf\fP behavior.
+.PD
+.PP
+Arguments to non-string format specifiers are treated as C constants,
+except that a leading plus or minus sign is allowed, and if the leading
+character is a single or double quote, the value is the ASCII value of
+the following character.
+.PP
+The \fIformat\fP is reused as necessary to consume all of the \fIarguments\fP.
+If the \fIformat\fP requires more \fIarguments\fP than are supplied, the
+extra format specifications behave as if a zero value or null string, as
+appropriate, had been supplied.
+The return value is zero on success, non-zero on failure.
+.RE
+.TP
+\fBpushd\fP [\fB\-n\fP] [+\fIn\fP] [\-\fIn\fP]
+.PD 0
+.TP
+\fBpushd\fP [\fB\-n\fP] [\fIdir\fP]
+.PD
+Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates
+the stack, making the new top of the stack the current working
+directory. With no arguments, exchanges the top two directories
+and returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty.
+Arguments, if supplied, have the following meanings:
+.RS
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B \-n
+Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding directories
+to the stack, so that only the stack is manipulated.
+.TP
+\fB+\fP\fIn\fP
+Rotates the stack so that the \fIn\fPth directory
+(counting from the left of the list shown by
+.BR dirs ,
+starting with zero)
+is at the top.
+.TP
+\fB\-\fP\fIn\fP
+Rotates the stack so that the \fIn\fPth directory
+(counting from the right of the list shown by
+.BR dirs ,
+starting with zero) is at the top.
+.TP
+.I dir
+Adds
+.I dir
+to the directory stack at the top, making it the
+new current working directory as if it had been supplied as the argument
+to the \fBcd\fP builtin.
+.PD
+.PP
+If the
+.B pushd
+command is successful, a
+.B dirs
+is performed as well.
+If the first form is used,
+.B pushd
+returns 0 unless the cd to
+.I dir
+fails. With the second form,
+.B pushd
+returns 0 unless the directory stack is empty,
+a non-existent directory stack element is specified,
+or the directory change to the specified new current directory
+fails.
+.RE
+.TP
+\fBpwd\fP [\fB\-LP\fP]
+Print the absolute pathname of the current working directory.
+The pathname printed contains no symbolic links if the
+.B \-P
+option is supplied or the
+.B \-o physical
+option to the
+.B set
+builtin command is enabled.
+If the
+.B \-L
+option is used, the pathname printed may contain symbolic links.
+The return status is 0 unless an error occurs while
+reading the name of the current directory or an
+invalid option is supplied.
+.TP
+\fBread\fP [\fB\-ers\fP] [\fB\-a\fP \fIaname\fP] [\fB\-d\fP \fIdelim\fP] [\fB\-i\fP \fItext\fP] [\fB\-n\fP \fInchars\fP] [\fB\-N\fP \fInchars\fP] [\fB\-p\fP \fIprompt\fP] [\fB\-t\fP \fItimeout\fP] [\fB\-u\fP \fIfd\fP] [\fIname\fP ...]
+One line is read from the standard input, or from the file descriptor
+\fIfd\fP supplied as an argument to the \fB\-u\fP option, and the first word
+is assigned to the first
+.IR name ,
+the second word to the second
+.IR name ,
+and so on, with leftover words and their intervening separators assigned
+to the last
+.IR name .
+If there are fewer words read from the input stream than names,
+the remaining names are assigned empty values.
+The characters in
+.SM
+.B IFS
+are used to split the line into words using the same rules the shell
+uses for expansion (described above under \fBWord Splitting\fP).
+The backslash character (\fB\e\fP) may be used to remove any special
+meaning for the next character read and for line continuation.
+Options, if supplied, have the following meanings:
+.RS
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B \-a \fIaname\fP
+The words are assigned to sequential indices
+of the array variable
+.IR aname ,
+starting at 0.
+.I aname
+is unset before any new values are assigned.
+Other \fIname\fP arguments are ignored.
+.TP
+.B \-d \fIdelim\fP
+The first character of \fIdelim\fP is used to terminate the input line,
+rather than newline.
+.TP
+.B \-e
+If the standard input
+is coming from a terminal,
+.B readline
+(see
+.SM
+.B READLINE
+above) is used to obtain the line.
+Readline uses the current (or default, if line editing was not previously
+active) editing settings.
+.TP
+.B \-i \fItext\fP
+If
+.B readline
+is being used to read the line, \fItext\fP is placed into the editing
+buffer before editing begins.
+.TP
+.B \-n \fInchars\fP
+\fBread\fP returns after reading \fInchars\fP characters rather than
+waiting for a complete line of input, but honor a delimiter if fewer
+than \fInchars\fP characters are read before the delimiter.
+.TP
+.B \-N \fInchars\fP
+\fBread\fP returns after reading exactly \fInchars\fP characters rather
+than waiting for a complete line of input, unless EOF is encountered or
+\fBread\fP times out.
+Delimiter characters encountered in the input are
+not treated specially and do not cause \fBread\fP to return until
+\fInchars\fP characters are read.
+.TP
+.B \-p \fIprompt\fP
+Display \fIprompt\fP on standard error, without a
+trailing newline, before attempting to read any input. The prompt
+is displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.
+.TP
+.B \-r
+Backslash does not act as an escape character.
+The backslash is considered to be part of the line.
+In particular, a backslash-newline pair may not be used as a line
+continuation.
+.TP
+.B \-s
+Silent mode. If input is coming from a terminal, characters are
+not echoed.
+.TP
+.B \-t \fItimeout\fP
+Cause \fBread\fP to time out and return failure if a complete line of
+input (or a specified number of characters)
+is not read within \fItimeout\fP seconds.
+\fItimeout\fP may be a decimal number with a fractional portion following
+the decimal point.
+This option is only effective if \fBread\fP is reading input from a
+terminal, pipe, or other special file; it has no effect when reading
+from regular files.
+If \fBread\fP times out, \fBread\fP saves any partial input read into
+the specified variable \fIname\fP.
+If \fItimeout\fP is 0, \fBread\fP returns immediately, without trying to
+read any data. The exit status is 0 if input is available on
+the specified file descriptor, non-zero otherwise.
+The exit status is greater than 128 if the timeout is exceeded.
+.TP
+.B \-u \fIfd\fP
+Read input from file descriptor \fIfd\fP.
+.PD
+.PP
+If no
+.I names
+are supplied, the line read is assigned to the variable
+.SM
+.BR REPLY .
+The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, \fBread\fP
+times out (in which case the return code is greater than 128),
+a variable assignment error (such as assigning to a readonly variable) occurs,
+or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as the argument to \fB\-u\fP.
+.RE
+.TP
+\fBreadonly\fP [\fB\-aAf\fP] [\fB\-p\fP] [\fIname\fP[=\fIword\fP] ...]
+.PD
+The given
+\fInames\fP are marked readonly; the values of these
+.I names
+may not be changed by subsequent assignment.
+If the
+.B \-f
+option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the
+\fInames\fP are so
+marked.
+The
+.B \-a
+option restricts the variables to indexed arrays; the
+.B \-A
+option restricts the variables to associative arrays.
+If both options are supplied,
+.B \-A
+takes precedence.
+If no
+.I name
+arguments are given, or if the
+.B \-p
+option is supplied, a list of all readonly names is printed.
+The other options may be used to restrict the output to a subset of
+the set of readonly names.
+The
+.B \-p
+option causes output to be displayed in a format that
+may be reused as input.
+If a variable name is followed by =\fIword\fP, the value of
+the variable is set to \fIword\fP.
+The return status is 0 unless an invalid option is encountered,
+one of the
+.I names
+is not a valid shell variable name, or
+.B \-f
+is supplied with a
+.I name
+that is not a function.
+.TP
+\fBreturn\fP [\fIn\fP]
+Causes a function to stop executing and return the value specified by
+.I n
+to its caller.
+If
+.I n
+is omitted, the return status is that of the last command
+executed in the function body. If
+.B return
+is used outside a function,
+but during execution of a script by the
+.B .
+(\fBsource\fP) command, it causes the shell to stop executing
+that script and return either
+.I n
+or the exit status of the last command executed within the
+script as the exit status of the script.
+If \fIn\fP is supplied, the return value is its least significant
+8 bits.
+The return status is non-zero if
+.B return
+is supplied a non-numeric argument, or
+is used outside a
+function and not during execution of a script by \fB.\fP\^ or \fBsource\fP.
+Any command associated with the \fBRETURN\fP trap is executed
+before execution resumes after the function or script.
+.TP
+\fBset\fP [\fB\-\-abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT\fP] [\fB\-o\fP \fIoption\-name\fP] [\fIarg\fP ...]
+.PD 0
+.TP
+\fBset\fP [\fB+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT\fP] [\fB+o\fP \fIoption\-name\fP] [\fIarg\fP ...]
+.PD
+Without options, the name and value of each shell variable are displayed
+in a format that can be reused as input
+for setting or resetting the currently-set variables.
+Read-only variables cannot be reset.
+In \fIposix\fP mode, only shell variables are listed.
+The output is sorted according to the current locale.
+When options are specified, they set or unset shell attributes.
+Any arguments remaining after option processing are treated
+as values for the positional parameters and are assigned, in order, to
+.BR $1 ,
+.BR $2 ,
+.B ...
+.BR $\fIn\fP .
+Options, if specified, have the following meanings:
+.RS
+.PD 0
+.TP 8
+.B \-a
+Automatically mark variables and functions which are modified or
+created for export to the environment of subsequent commands.
+.TP 8
+.B \-b
+Report the status of terminated background jobs
+immediately, rather than before the next primary prompt. This is
+effective only when job control is enabled.
+.TP 8
+.B \-e
+Exit immediately if a
+\fIpipeline\fP (which may consist of a single \fIsimple command\fP),
+a \fIlist\fP,
+or a \fIcompound command\fP
+(see
+.SM
+.B SHELL GRAMMAR
+above), exits with a non-zero status.
+The shell does not exit if the
+command that fails is part of the command list immediately following a
+.B while
+or
+.B until
+keyword,
+part of the test following the
+.B if
+or
+.B elif
+reserved words, part of any command executed in a
+.B &&
+or
+.B ||
+list except the command following the final \fB&&\fP or \fB||\fP,
+any command in a pipeline but the last,
+or if the command's return value is
+being inverted with
+.BR ! .
+If a compound command other than a subshell
+returns a non-zero status because a command failed
+while \fB\-e\fP was being ignored, the shell does not exit.
+A trap on \fBERR\fP, if set, is executed before the shell exits.
+This option applies to the shell environment and each subshell environment
+separately (see
+.SM
+.B "COMMAND EXECUTION ENVIRONMENT"
+above), and may cause
+subshells to exit before executing all the commands in the subshell.
+.if t .sp 0.5
+.if n .sp 1
+If a compound command or shell function executes in a context
+where \fB\-e\fP is being ignored,
+none of the commands executed within the compound command or function body
+will be affected by the \fB\-e\fP setting, even if \fB\-e\fP is set
+and a command returns a failure status.
+If a compound command or shell function sets \fB\-e\fP while executing in
+a context where \fB\-e\fP is ignored, that setting will not have any
+effect until the compound command or the command containing the function
+call completes.
+.TP 8
+.B \-f
+Disable pathname expansion.
+.TP 8
+.B \-h
+Remember the location of commands as they are looked up for execution.
+This is enabled by default.
+.TP 8
+.B \-k
+All arguments in the form of assignment statements
+are placed in the environment for a command, not just
+those that precede the command name.
+.TP 8
+.B \-m
+Monitor mode. Job control is enabled. This option is on
+by default for interactive shells on systems that support
+it (see
+.SM
+.B JOB CONTROL
+above).
+All processes run in a separate process group.
+When a background job completes, the shell prints a line
+containing its exit status.
+.TP 8
+.B \-n
+Read commands but do not execute them. This may be used to
+check a shell script for syntax errors. This is ignored by
+interactive shells.
+.TP 8
+.B \-o \fIoption\-name\fP
+The \fIoption\-name\fP can be one of the following:
+.RS
+.TP 8
+.B allexport
+Same as
+.BR \-a .
+.TP 8
+.B braceexpand
+Same as
+.BR \-B .
+.TP 8
+.B emacs
+Use an emacs-style command line editing interface. This is enabled
+by default when the shell is interactive, unless the shell is started
+with the
+.B \-\-noediting
+option.
+This also affects the editing interface used for \fBread \-e\fP.
+.TP 8
+.B errexit
+Same as
+.BR \-e .
+.TP 8
+.B errtrace
+Same as
+.BR \-E .
+.TP 8
+.B functrace
+Same as
+.BR \-T .
+.TP 8
+.B hashall
+Same as
+.BR \-h .
+.TP 8
+.B histexpand
+Same as
+.BR \-H .
+.TP 8
+.B history
+Enable command history, as described above under
+.SM
+.BR HISTORY .
+This option is on by default in interactive shells.
+.TP 8
+.B ignoreeof
+The effect is as if the shell command
+.if t \f(CWIGNOREEOF=10\fP
+.if n ``IGNOREEOF=10''
+had been executed
+(see
+.B Shell Variables
+above).
+.TP 8
+.B keyword
+Same as
+.BR \-k .
+.TP 8
+.B monitor
+Same as
+.BR \-m .
+.TP 8
+.B noclobber
+Same as
+.BR \-C .
+.TP 8
+.B noexec
+Same as
+.BR \-n .
+.TP 8
+.B noglob
+Same as
+.BR \-f .
+.TP 8
+.B nolog
+Currently ignored.
+.TP 8
+.B notify
+Same as
+.BR \-b .
+.TP 8
+.B nounset
+Same as
+.BR \-u .
+.TP 8
+.B onecmd
+Same as
+.BR \-t .
+.TP 8
+.B physical
+Same as
+.BR \-P .
+.TP 8
+.B pipefail
+If set, the return value of a pipeline is the value of the last
+(rightmost) command to exit with a non-zero status, or zero if all
+commands in the pipeline exit successfully.
+This option is disabled by default.
+.TP 8
+.B posix
+Change the behavior of
+.B bash
+where the default operation differs
+from the POSIX standard to match the standard (\fIposix mode\fP).
+See
+.SM
+.B "SEE ALSO"
+below for a reference to a document that details how posix mode affects
+bash's behavior.
+.TP 8
+.B privileged
+Same as
+.BR \-p .
+.TP 8
+.B verbose
+Same as
+.BR \-v .
+.TP 8
+.B vi
+Use a vi-style command line editing interface.
+This also affects the editing interface used for \fBread \-e\fP.
+.TP 8
+.B xtrace
+Same as
+.BR \-x .
+.sp .5
+.PP
+If
+.B \-o
+is supplied with no \fIoption\-name\fP, the values of the current options are
+printed.
+If
+.B +o
+is supplied with no \fIoption\-name\fP, a series of
+.B set
+commands to recreate the current option settings is displayed on
+the standard output.
+.RE
+.TP 8
+.B \-p
+Turn on
+.I privileged
+mode. In this mode, the
+.SM
+.B $ENV
+and
+.SM
+.B $BASH_ENV
+files are not processed, shell functions are not inherited from the
+environment, and the
+.SM
+.BR SHELLOPTS ,
+.SM
+.BR BASHOPTS ,
+.SM
+.BR CDPATH ,
+and
+.SM
+.B GLOBIGNORE
+variables, if they appear in the environment, are ignored.
+If the shell is started with the effective user (group) id not equal to the
+real user (group) id, and the \fB\-p\fP option is not supplied, these actions
+are taken and the effective user id is set to the real user id.
+If the \fB\-p\fP option is supplied at startup, the effective user id is
+not reset.
+Turning this option off causes the effective user
+and group ids to be set to the real user and group ids.
+.TP 8
+.B \-t
+Exit after reading and executing one command.
+.TP 8
+.B \-u
+Treat unset variables and parameters other than the special
+parameters "@" and "*" as an error when performing
+parameter expansion. If expansion is attempted on an
+unset variable or parameter, the shell prints an error message, and,
+if not interactive, exits with a non-zero status.
+.TP 8
+.B \-v
+Print shell input lines as they are read.
+.TP 8
+.B \-x
+After expanding each \fIsimple command\fP,
+\fBfor\fP command, \fBcase\fP command, \fBselect\fP command, or
+arithmetic \fBfor\fP command, display the expanded value of
+.SM
+.BR PS4 ,
+followed by the command and its expanded arguments
+or associated word list.
+.TP 8
+.B \-B
+The shell performs brace expansion (see
+.B Brace Expansion
+above). This is on by default.
+.TP 8
+.B \-C
+If set,
+.B bash
+does not overwrite an existing file with the
+.BR > ,
+.BR >& ,
+and
+.B <>
+redirection operators. This may be overridden when
+creating output files by using the redirection operator
+.B >|
+instead of
+.BR > .
+.TP 8
+.B \-E
+If set, any trap on \fBERR\fP is inherited by shell functions, command
+substitutions, and commands executed in a subshell environment.
+The \fBERR\fP trap is normally not inherited in such cases.
+.TP 8
+.B \-H
+Enable
+.B !
+style history substitution. This option is on by
+default when the shell is interactive.
+.TP 8
+.B \-P
+If set, the shell does not resolve symbolic links when executing
+commands such as
+.B cd
+that change the current working directory. It uses the
+physical directory structure instead. By default,
+.B bash
+follows the logical chain of directories when performing commands
+which change the current directory.
+.TP 8
+.B \-T
+If set, any traps on \fBDEBUG\fP and \fBRETURN\fP are inherited by shell
+functions, command substitutions, and commands executed in a
+subshell environment.
+The \fBDEBUG\fP and \fBRETURN\fP traps are normally not inherited
+in such cases.
+.TP 8
+.B \-\-
+If no arguments follow this option, then the positional parameters are
+unset. Otherwise, the positional parameters are set to the
+\fIarg\fPs, even if some of them begin with a
+.BR \- .
+.TP 8
+.B \-
+Signal the end of options, cause all remaining \fIarg\fPs to be
+assigned to the positional parameters. The
+.B \-x
+and
+.B \-v
+options are turned off.
+If there are no \fIarg\fPs,
+the positional parameters remain unchanged.
+.PD
+.PP
+The options are off by default unless otherwise noted.
+Using + rather than \- causes these options to be turned off.
+The options can also be specified as arguments to an invocation of
+the shell.
+The current set of options may be found in
+.BR $\- .
+The return status is always true unless an invalid option is encountered.
+.RE
+.TP
+\fBshift\fP [\fIn\fP]
+The positional parameters from \fIn\fP+1 ... are renamed to
+.B $1
+.B ....
+Parameters represented by the numbers \fB$#\fP
+down to \fB$#\fP\-\fIn\fP+1 are unset.
+.I n
+must be a non-negative number less than or equal to \fB$#\fP.
+If
+.I n
+is 0, no parameters are changed.
+If
+.I n
+is not given, it is assumed to be 1.
+If
+.I n
+is greater than \fB$#\fP, the positional parameters are not changed.
+The return status is greater than zero if
+.I n
+is greater than
+.B $#
+or less than zero; otherwise 0.
+.TP
+\fBshopt\fP [\fB\-pqsu\fP] [\fB\-o\fP] [\fIoptname\fP ...]
+Toggle the values of settings controlling optional shell behavior.
+The settings can be either those listed below, or, if the
+.B \-o
+option is used, those available with the
+.B \-o
+option to the \fBset\fP builtin command.
+With no options, or with the
+.B \-p
+option, a list of all settable options is displayed, with
+an indication of whether or not each is set.
+The \fB\-p\fP option causes output to be displayed in a form that
+may be reused as input.
+Other options have the following meanings:
+.RS
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B \-s
+Enable (set) each \fIoptname\fP.
+.TP
+.B \-u
+Disable (unset) each \fIoptname\fP.
+.TP
+.B \-q
+Suppresses normal output (quiet mode); the return status indicates
+whether the \fIoptname\fP is set or unset.
+If multiple \fIoptname\fP arguments are given with
+.BR \-q ,
+the return status is zero if all \fIoptnames\fP are enabled; non-zero
+otherwise.
+.TP
+.B \-o
+Restricts the values of \fIoptname\fP to be those defined for the
+.B \-o
+option to the
+.B set
+builtin.
+.PD
+.PP
+If either
+.B \-s
+or
+.B \-u
+is used with no \fIoptname\fP arguments,
+.B shopt
+shows only those options which are set or unset, respectively.
+Unless otherwise noted, the \fBshopt\fP options are disabled (unset)
+by default.
+.PP
+The return status when listing options is zero if all \fIoptnames\fP
+are enabled, non-zero otherwise. When setting or unsetting options,
+the return status is zero unless an \fIoptname\fP is not a valid shell
+option.
+.PP
+The list of \fBshopt\fP options is:
+.if t .sp .5v
+.if n .sp 1v
+.PD 0
+.TP 8
+.B autocd
+If set, a command name that is the name of a directory is executed as if
+it were the argument to the \fBcd\fP command.
+This option is only used by interactive shells.
+.TP 8
+.B cdable_vars
+If set, an argument to the
+.B cd
+builtin command that
+is not a directory is assumed to be the name of a variable whose
+value is the directory to change to.
+.TP 8
+.B cdspell
+If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory component in a
+.B cd
+command will be corrected.
+The errors checked for are transposed characters,
+a missing character, and one character too many.
+If a correction is found, the corrected filename is printed,
+and the command proceeds.
+This option is only used by interactive shells.
+.TP 8
+.B checkhash
+If set, \fBbash\fP checks that a command found in the hash
+table exists before trying to execute it. If a hashed command no
+longer exists, a normal path search is performed.
+.TP 8
+.B checkjobs
+If set, \fBbash\fP lists the status of any stopped and running jobs before
+exiting an interactive shell. If any jobs are running, this causes
+the exit to be deferred until a second exit is attempted without an
+intervening command (see
+.SM
+.B "JOB CONTROL"
+above). The shell always
+postpones exiting if any jobs are stopped.
+.TP 8
+.B checkwinsize
+If set, \fBbash\fP checks the window size after each command
+and, if necessary, updates the values of
+.SM
+.B LINES
+and
+.SM
+.BR COLUMNS .
+.TP 8
+.B cmdhist
+If set,
+.B bash
+attempts to save all lines of a multiple-line
+command in the same history entry. This allows
+easy re-editing of multi-line commands.
+.TP 8
+.B compat31
+If set,
+.B bash
+changes its behavior to that of version 3.1 with respect to quoted
+arguments to the \fB[[\fP conditional command's \fB=~\fP operator
+and locale-specific string comparison when using the \fB[[\fP
+conditional command's \fB<\fP and \fB>\fP operators.
+Bash versions prior to bash-4.1 use ASCII collation and
+.IR strcmp (3);
+bash-4.1 and later use the current locale's collation sequence and
+.IR strcoll (3).
+.TP 8
+.B compat32
+If set,
+.B bash
+changes its behavior to that of version 3.2 with respect to
+locale-specific string comparison when using the \fB[[\fP
+conditional command's \fB<\fP and \fB>\fP operators (see previous item).
+.TP 8
+.B compat40
+If set,
+.B bash
+changes its behavior to that of version 4.0 with respect to locale-specific
+string comparison when using the \fB[[\fP
+conditional command's \fB<\fP and \fB>\fP operators (see description of
+\fBcompat31\fP)
+and the effect of interrupting a command list.
+Bash versions 4.0 and later interrupt the list as if the shell received the
+interrupt; previous versions continue with the next command in the list.
+.TP 8
+.B compat41
+If set,
+.BR bash ,
+when in \fIposix\fP mode, treats a single quote in a double-quoted
+parameter expansion as a special character. The single quotes must match
+(an even number) and the characters between the single quotes are considered
+quoted. This is the behavior of posix mode through version 4.1.
+The default bash behavior remains as in previous versions.
+.TP 8
+.B compat42
+If set,
+.B bash
+does not process the replacement string in the pattern substitution word
+expansion using quote removal.
+.TP 8
+.B complete_fullquote
+If set,
+.B bash
+quotes all shell metacharacters in filenames and directory names when
+performing completion.
+If not set,
+.B bash
+removes metacharacters such as the dollar sign from the set of
+characters that will be quoted in completed filenames
+when these metacharacters appear in shell variable references in words to be
+completed.
+This means that dollar signs in variable names that expand to directories
+will not be quoted;
+however, any dollar signs appearing in filenames will not be quoted, either.
+This is active only when bash is using backslashes to quote completed
+filenames.
+This variable is set by default, which is the default bash behavior in
+versions through 4.2.
+.TP 8
+.B direxpand
+If set,
+.B bash
+replaces directory names with the results of word expansion when performing
+filename completion. This changes the contents of the readline editing
+buffer.
+If not set,
+.B bash
+attempts to preserve what the user typed.
+.TP 8
+.B dirspell
+If set,
+.B bash
+attempts spelling correction on directory names during word completion
+if the directory name initially supplied does not exist.
+.TP 8
+.B dotglob
+If set,
+.B bash
+includes filenames beginning with a `.' in the results of pathname
+expansion.
+.TP 8
+.B execfail
+If set, a non-interactive shell will not exit if
+it cannot execute the file specified as an argument to the
+.B exec
+builtin command. An interactive shell does not exit if
+.B exec
+fails.
+.TP 8
+.B expand_aliases
+If set, aliases are expanded as described above under
+.SM
+.BR ALIASES .
+This option is enabled by default for interactive shells.
+.TP 8
+.B extdebug
+If set, behavior intended for use by debuggers is enabled:
+.RS
+.TP
+.B 1.
+The \fB\-F\fP option to the \fBdeclare\fP builtin displays the source
+file name and line number corresponding to each function name supplied
+as an argument.
+.TP
+.B 2.
+If the command run by the \fBDEBUG\fP trap returns a non-zero value, the
+next command is skipped and not executed.
+.TP
+.B 3.
+If the command run by the \fBDEBUG\fP trap returns a value of 2, and the
+shell is executing in a subroutine (a shell function or a shell script
+executed by the \fB.\fP or \fBsource\fP builtins), a call to
+\fBreturn\fP is simulated.
+.TP
+.B 4.
+.SM
+.B BASH_ARGC
+and
+.SM
+.B BASH_ARGV
+are updated as described in their descriptions above.
+.TP
+.B 5.
+Function tracing is enabled: command substitution, shell functions, and
+subshells invoked with \fB(\fP \fIcommand\fP \fB)\fP inherit the
+\fBDEBUG\fP and \fBRETURN\fP traps.
+.TP
+.B 6.
+Error tracing is enabled: command substitution, shell functions, and
+subshells invoked with \fB(\fP \fIcommand\fP \fB)\fP inherit the
+\fBERR\fP trap.
+.RE
+.TP 8
+.B extglob
+If set, the extended pattern matching features described above under
+\fBPathname Expansion\fP are enabled.
+.TP 8
+.B extquote
+If set, \fB$\fP\(aq\fIstring\fP\(aq and \fB$\fP"\fIstring\fP" quoting is
+performed within \fB${\fP\fIparameter\fP\fB}\fP expansions
+enclosed in double quotes. This option is enabled by default.
+.TP 8
+.B failglob
+If set, patterns which fail to match filenames during pathname expansion
+result in an expansion error.
+.TP 8
+.B force_fignore
+If set, the suffixes specified by the
+.SM
+.B FIGNORE
+shell variable
+cause words to be ignored when performing word completion even if
+the ignored words are the only possible completions.
+See
+.SM
+\fBSHELL VARIABLES\fP
+above for a description of
+.SM
+.BR FIGNORE .
+This option is enabled by default.
+.TP 8
+.B globasciiranges
+If set, range expressions used in pattern matching bracket expressions (see
+.SM
+.B Pattern Matching
+above) behave as if in the traditional C locale when performing
+comparisons. That is, the current locale's collating sequence
+is not taken into account, so
+.B b
+will not collate between
+.B A
+and
+.BR B ,
+and upper-case and lower-case ASCII characters will collate together.
+.TP 8
+.B globstar
+If set, the pattern \fB**\fP used in a pathname expansion context will
+match all files and zero or more directories and subdirectories.
+If the pattern is followed by a \fB/\fP, only directories and
+subdirectories match.
+.TP 8
+.B gnu_errfmt
+If set, shell error messages are written in the standard GNU error
+message format.
+.TP 8
+.B histappend
+If set, the history list is appended to the file named by the value
+of the
+.SM
+.B HISTFILE
+variable when the shell exits, rather than overwriting the file.
+.TP 8
+.B histreedit
+If set, and
+.B readline
+is being used, a user is given the opportunity to re-edit a
+failed history substitution.
+.TP 8
+.B histverify
+If set, and
+.B readline
+is being used, the results of history substitution are not immediately
+passed to the shell parser. Instead, the resulting line is loaded into
+the \fBreadline\fP editing buffer, allowing further modification.
+.TP 8
+.B hostcomplete
+If set, and
+.B readline
+is being used, \fBbash\fP will attempt to perform hostname completion when a
+word containing a \fB@\fP is being completed (see
+.B Completing
+under
+.SM
+.B READLINE
+above).
+This is enabled by default.
+.TP 8
+.B huponexit
+If set, \fBbash\fP will send
+.SM
+.B SIGHUP
+to all jobs when an interactive login shell exits.
+.TP 8
+.B interactive_comments
+If set, allow a word beginning with
+.B #
+to cause that word and all remaining characters on that
+line to be ignored in an interactive shell (see
+.SM
+.B COMMENTS
+above). This option is enabled by default.
+.TP 8
+.B lastpipe
+If set, and job control is not active, the shell runs the last command of
+a pipeline not executed in the background in the current shell environment.
+.TP 8
+.B lithist
+If set, and the
+.B cmdhist
+option is enabled, multi-line commands are saved to the history with
+embedded newlines rather than using semicolon separators where possible.
+.TP 8
+.B login_shell
+The shell sets this option if it is started as a login shell (see
+.SM
+.B "INVOCATION"
+above).
+The value may not be changed.
+.TP 8
+.B mailwarn
+If set, and a file that \fBbash\fP is checking for mail has been
+accessed since the last time it was checked, the message ``The mail in
+\fImailfile\fP has been read'' is displayed.
+.TP 8
+.B no_empty_cmd_completion
+If set, and
+.B readline
+is being used,
+.B bash
+will not attempt to search the
+.SM
+.B PATH
+for possible completions when
+completion is attempted on an empty line.
+.TP 8
+.B nocaseglob
+If set,
+.B bash
+matches filenames in a case\-insensitive fashion when performing pathname
+expansion (see
+.B Pathname Expansion
+above).
+.TP 8
+.B nocasematch
+If set,
+.B bash
+matches patterns in a case\-insensitive fashion when performing matching
+while executing \fBcase\fP or \fB[[\fP conditional commands.
+.TP 8
+.B nullglob
+If set,
+.B bash
+allows patterns which match no
+files (see
+.B Pathname Expansion
+above)
+to expand to a null string, rather than themselves.
+.TP 8
+.B progcomp
+If set, the programmable completion facilities (see
+\fBProgrammable Completion\fP above) are enabled.
+This option is enabled by default.
+.TP 8
+.B promptvars
+If set, prompt strings undergo
+parameter expansion, command substitution, arithmetic
+expansion, and quote removal after being expanded as described in
+.SM
+.B PROMPTING
+above. This option is enabled by default.
+.TP 8
+.B restricted_shell
+The shell sets this option if it is started in restricted mode (see
+.SM
+.B "RESTRICTED SHELL"
+below).
+The value may not be changed.
+This is not reset when the startup files are executed, allowing
+the startup files to discover whether or not a shell is restricted.
+.TP 8
+.B shift_verbose
+If set, the
+.B shift
+builtin prints an error message when the shift count exceeds the
+number of positional parameters.
+.TP 8
+.B sourcepath
+If set, the
+\fBsource\fP (\fB.\fP) builtin uses the value of
+.SM
+.B PATH
+to find the directory containing the file supplied as an argument.
+This option is enabled by default.
+.TP 8
+.B xpg_echo
+If set, the \fBecho\fP builtin expands backslash-escape sequences
+by default.
+.RE
+.PD
+.TP
+\fBsuspend\fP [\fB\-f\fP]
+Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a
+.SM
+.B SIGCONT
+signal. A login shell cannot be suspended; the
+.B \-f
+option can be used to override this and force the suspension.
+The return status is 0 unless the shell is a login shell and
+.B \-f
+is not supplied, or if job control is not enabled.
+.TP
+\fBtest\fP \fIexpr\fP
+.PD 0
+.TP
+\fB[\fP \fIexpr\fP \fB]\fP
+Return a status of 0 (true) or 1 (false) depending on
+the evaluation of the conditional expression
+.IR expr .
+Each operator and operand must be a separate argument.
+Expressions are composed of the primaries described above under
+.SM
+.BR "CONDITIONAL EXPRESSIONS" .
+\fBtest\fP does not accept any options, nor does it accept and ignore
+an argument of \fB\-\-\fP as signifying the end of options.
+.if t .sp 0.5
+.if n .sp 1
+Expressions may be combined using the following operators, listed
+in decreasing order of precedence.
+The evaluation depends on the number of arguments; see below.
+Operator precedence is used when there are five or more arguments.
+.RS
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B ! \fIexpr\fP
+True if
+.I expr
+is false.
+.TP
+.B ( \fIexpr\fP )
+Returns the value of \fIexpr\fP.
+This may be used to override the normal precedence of operators.
+.TP
+\fIexpr1\fP \-\fBa\fP \fIexpr2\fP
+True if both
+.I expr1
+and
+.I expr2
+are true.
+.TP
+\fIexpr1\fP \-\fBo\fP \fIexpr2\fP
+True if either
+.I expr1
+or
+.I expr2
+is true.
+.PD
+.PP
+\fBtest\fP and \fB[\fP evaluate conditional
+expressions using a set of rules based on the number of arguments.
+.if t .sp 0.5
+.if n .sp 1
+.PD 0
+.TP
+0 arguments
+The expression is false.
+.TP
+1 argument
+The expression is true if and only if the argument is not null.
+.TP
+2 arguments
+If the first argument is \fB!\fP, the expression is true if and
+only if the second argument is null.
+If the first argument is one of the unary conditional operators listed above
+under
+.SM
+.BR "CONDITIONAL EXPRESSIONS" ,
+the expression is true if the unary test is true.
+If the first argument is not a valid unary conditional operator, the expression
+is false.
+.TP
+3 arguments
+The following conditions are applied in the order listed.
+If the second argument is one of the binary conditional operators listed above
+under
+.SM
+.BR "CONDITIONAL EXPRESSIONS" ,
+the result of the expression is the result of the binary test using
+the first and third arguments as operands.
+The \fB\-a\fP and \fB\-o\fP operators are considered binary operators
+when there are three arguments.
+If the first argument is \fB!\fP, the value is the negation of
+the two-argument test using the second and third arguments.
+If the first argument is exactly \fB(\fP and the third argument is
+exactly \fB)\fP, the result is the one-argument test of the second
+argument.
+Otherwise, the expression is false.
+.TP
+4 arguments
+If the first argument is \fB!\fP, the result is the negation of
+the three-argument expression composed of the remaining arguments.
+Otherwise, the expression is parsed and evaluated according to
+precedence using the rules listed above.
+.TP
+5 or more arguments
+The expression is parsed and evaluated according to precedence
+using the rules listed above.
+.if t .sp 0.5
+.if n .sp 1
+.LP
+When used with \fBtest\fP or \fB[\fP, the \fB<\fP and \fB>\fP operators
+sort lexicographically using ASCII ordering.
+.RE
+.PD
+.TP
+.B times
+Print the accumulated user and system times for the shell and
+for processes run from the shell. The return status is 0.
+.TP
+\fBtrap\fP [\fB\-lp\fP] [[\fIarg\fP] \fIsigspec\fP ...]
+The command
+.I arg
+is to be read and executed when the shell receives
+signal(s)
+.IR sigspec .
+If
+.I arg
+is absent (and there is a single \fIsigspec\fP) or
+.BR \- ,
+each specified signal is
+reset to its original disposition (the value it had
+upon entrance to the shell).
+If
+.I arg
+is the null string the signal specified by each
+.I sigspec
+is ignored by the shell and by the commands it invokes.
+If
+.I arg
+is not present and
+.B \-p
+has been supplied, then the trap commands associated with each
+.I sigspec
+are displayed.
+If no arguments are supplied or if only
+.B \-p
+is given,
+.B trap
+prints the list of commands associated with each signal.
+The
+.B \-l
+option causes the shell to print a list of signal names and
+their corresponding numbers.
+Each
+.I sigspec
+is either
+a signal name defined in <\fIsignal.h\fP>, or a signal number.
+Signal names are case insensitive and the
+.SM
+.B SIG
+prefix is optional.
+.if t .sp 0.5
+.if n .sp 1
+If a
+.I sigspec
+is
+.SM
+.B EXIT
+(0) the command
+.I arg
+is executed on exit from the shell.
+If a
+.I sigspec
+is
+.SM
+.BR DEBUG ,
+the command
+.I arg
+is executed before every \fIsimple command\fP, \fIfor\fP command,
+\fIcase\fP command, \fIselect\fP command, every arithmetic \fIfor\fP
+command, and before the first command executes in a shell function (see
+.SM
+.B SHELL GRAMMAR
+above).
+Refer to the description of the \fBextdebug\fP option to the
+\fBshopt\fP builtin for details of its effect on the \fBDEBUG\fP trap.
+If a
+.I sigspec
+is
+.SM
+.BR RETURN ,
+the command
+.I arg
+is executed each time a shell function or a script executed with
+the \fB.\fP or \fBsource\fP builtins finishes executing.
+.if t .sp 0.5
+.if n .sp 1
+If a
+.I sigspec
+is
+.SM
+.BR ERR ,
+the command
+.I arg
+is executed whenever a
+a pipeline (which may consist of a single simple
+command), a list, or a compound command returns a
+non\-zero exit status,
+subject to the following conditions.
+The
+.SM
+.B ERR
+trap is not executed if the failed
+command is part of the command list immediately following a
+.B while
+or
+.B until
+keyword,
+part of the test in an
+.I if
+statement, part of a command executed in a
+.B &&
+or
+.B ||
+list except the command following the final \fB&&\fP or \fB||\fP,
+any command in a pipeline but the last,
+or if the command's return value is
+being inverted using
+.BR ! .
+These are the same conditions obeyed by the \fBerrexit\fP (\fB\-e\fP) option.
+.if t .sp 0.5
+.if n .sp 1
+Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset.
+Trapped signals that are not being ignored are reset to their original
+values in a subshell or subshell environment when one is created.
+The return status is false if any
+.I sigspec
+is invalid; otherwise
+.B trap
+returns true.
+.TP
+\fBtype\fP [\fB\-aftpP\fP] \fIname\fP [\fIname\fP ...]
+With no options,
+indicate how each
+.I name
+would be interpreted if used as a command name.
+If the
+.B \-t
+option is used,
+.B type
+prints a string which is one of
+.IR alias ,
+.IR keyword ,
+.IR function ,
+.IR builtin ,
+or
+.I file
+if
+.I name
+is an alias, shell reserved word, function, builtin, or disk file,
+respectively.
+If the
+.I name
+is not found, then nothing is printed, and an exit status of false
+is returned.
+If the
+.B \-p
+option is used,
+.B type
+either returns the name of the disk file
+that would be executed if
+.I name
+were specified as a command name,
+or nothing if
+.if t \f(CWtype -t name\fP
+.if n ``type -t name''
+would not return
+.IR file .
+The
+.B \-P
+option forces a
+.SM
+.B PATH
+search for each \fIname\fP, even if
+.if t \f(CWtype -t name\fP
+.if n ``type -t name''
+would not return
+.IR file .
+If a command is hashed,
+.B \-p
+and
+.B \-P
+print the hashed value, which is not necessarily the file that appears
+first in
+.SM
+.BR PATH .
+If the
+.B \-a
+option is used,
+.B type
+prints all of the places that contain
+an executable named
+.IR name .
+This includes aliases and functions,
+if and only if the
+.B \-p
+option is not also used.
+The table of hashed commands is not consulted
+when using
+.BR \-a .
+The
+.B \-f
+option suppresses shell function lookup, as with the \fBcommand\fP builtin.
+.B type
+returns true if all of the arguments are found, false if
+any are not found.
+.TP
+\fBulimit\fP [\fB\-HSTabcdefilmnpqrstuvx\fP [\fIlimit\fP]]
+Provides control over the resources available to the shell and to
+processes started by it, on systems that allow such control.
+The \fB\-H\fP and \fB\-S\fP options specify that the hard or soft limit is
+set for the given resource.
+A hard limit cannot be increased by a non-root user once it is set;
+a soft limit may be increased up to the value of the hard limit.
+If neither \fB\-H\fP nor \fB\-S\fP is specified, both the soft and hard
+limits are set.
+The value of
+.I limit
+can be a number in the unit specified for the resource
+or one of the special values
+.BR hard ,
+.BR soft ,
+or
+.BR unlimited ,
+which stand for the current hard limit, the current soft limit, and
+no limit, respectively.
+If
+.I limit
+is omitted, the current value of the soft limit of the resource is
+printed, unless the \fB\-H\fP option is given. When more than one
+resource is specified, the limit name and unit are printed before the value.
+Other options are interpreted as follows:
+.RS
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B \-a
+All current limits are reported
+.TP
+.B \-b
+The maximum socket buffer size
+.TP
+.B \-c
+The maximum size of core files created
+.TP
+.B \-d
+The maximum size of a process's data segment
+.TP
+.B \-e
+The maximum scheduling priority ("nice")
+.TP
+.B \-f
+The maximum size of files written by the shell and its children
+.TP
+.B \-i
+The maximum number of pending signals
+.TP
+.B \-l
+The maximum size that may be locked into memory
+.TP
+.B \-m
+The maximum resident set size (many systems do not honor this limit)
+.TP
+.B \-n
+The maximum number of open file descriptors (most systems do not
+allow this value to be set)
+.TP
+.B \-p
+The pipe size in 512-byte blocks (this may not be set)
+.TP
+.B \-q
+The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues
+.TP
+.B \-r
+The maximum real-time scheduling priority
+.TP
+.B \-s
+The maximum stack size
+.TP
+.B \-t
+The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds
+.TP
+.B \-u
+The maximum number of processes available to a single user
+.TP
+.B \-v
+The maximum amount of virtual memory available to the shell and, on
+some systems, to its children
+.TP
+.B \-x
+The maximum number of file locks
+.TP
+.B \-T
+The maximum number of threads
+.PD
+.PP
+If
+.I limit
+is given, and the
+.B \-a
+option is not used,
+\fIlimit\fP is the new value of the specified resource.
+If no option is given, then
+.B \-f
+is assumed. Values are in 1024-byte increments, except for
+.BR \-t ,
+which is in seconds;
+.BR \-p ,
+which is in units of 512-byte blocks;
+and
+.BR \-T ,
+.BR \-b ,
+.BR \-n ,
+and
+.BR \-u ,
+which are unscaled values.
+The return status is 0 unless an invalid option or argument is supplied,
+or an error occurs while setting a new limit.
+.RE
+.TP
+\fBumask\fP [\fB\-p\fP] [\fB\-S\fP] [\fImode\fP]
+The user file-creation mask is set to
+.IR mode .
+If
+.I mode
+begins with a digit, it
+is interpreted as an octal number; otherwise
+it is interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar
+to that accepted by
+.IR chmod (1).
+If
+.I mode
+is omitted, the current value of the mask is printed.
+The
+.B \-S
+option causes the mask to be printed in symbolic form; the
+default output is an octal number.
+If the
+.B \-p
+option is supplied, and
+.I mode
+is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.
+The return status is 0 if the mode was successfully changed or if
+no \fImode\fP argument was supplied, and false otherwise.
+.TP
+\fBunalias\fP [\-\fBa\fP] [\fIname\fP ...]
+Remove each \fIname\fP from the list of defined aliases. If
+.B \-a
+is supplied, all alias definitions are removed. The return
+value is true unless a supplied
+.I name
+is not a defined alias.
+.TP
+\fBunset\fP [\-\fBfv\fP] [\-\fBn\fP] [\fIname\fP ...]
+For each
+.IR name ,
+remove the corresponding variable or function.
+If the
+.B \-v
+option is given, each
+.I name
+refers to a shell variable, and that variable is removed.
+Read-only variables may not be unset.
+If
+.B \-f
+is specified, each
+.I name
+refers to a shell function, and the function definition
+is removed.
+If the
+.B \-n
+option is supplied, and \fIname\fP is a variable with the \fInameref\fP
+attribute, \fIname\fP will be unset rather than the variable it
+references.
+\fB\-n\fP has no effect if the \fB\-f\fP option is supplied.
+If no options are supplied, each \fIname\fP refers to a variable; if
+there is no variable by that name, any function with that name is
+unset.
+Each unset variable or function is removed from the environment
+passed to subsequent commands.
+If any of
+.SM
+.BR COMP_WORDBREAKS ,
+.SM
+.BR RANDOM ,
+.SM
+.BR SECONDS ,
+.SM
+.BR LINENO ,
+.SM
+.BR HISTCMD ,
+.SM
+.BR FUNCNAME ,
+.SM
+.BR GROUPS ,
+or
+.SM
+.B DIRSTACK
+are unset, they lose their special properties, even if they are
+subsequently reset. The exit status is true unless a
+.I name
+is readonly.
+.TP
+\fBwait\fP [\fB\-n\fP] [\fIn ...\fP]
+Wait for each specified child process and return its termination status.
+Each
+.I n
+may be a process
+ID or a job specification; if a job spec is given, all processes
+in that job's pipeline are waited for. If
+.I n
+is not given, all currently active child processes
+are waited for, and the return status is zero.
+If the \fB\-n\fP option is supplied, \fBwait\fP waits for any job to
+terminate and returns its exit status.
+If
+.I n
+specifies a non-existent process or job, the return status is
+127. Otherwise, the return status is the exit status of the last
+process or job waited for.
+.\" bash_builtins
+.if \n(zZ=1 .ig zZ
+.SH "RESTRICTED SHELL"
+.\" rbash.1
+.zY
+.PP
+If
+.B bash
+is started with the name
+.BR rbash ,
+or the
+.B \-r
+option is supplied at invocation,
+the shell becomes restricted.
+A restricted shell is used to
+set up an environment more controlled than the standard shell.
+It behaves identically to
+.B bash
+with the exception that the following are disallowed or not performed:
+.IP \(bu
+changing directories with \fBcd\fP
+.IP \(bu
+setting or unsetting the values of
+.SM
+.BR SHELL ,
+.SM
+.BR PATH ,
+.SM
+.BR ENV ,
+or
+.SM
+.B BASH_ENV
+.IP \(bu
+specifying command names containing
+.B /
+.IP \(bu
+specifying a filename containing a
+.B /
+as an argument to the
+.B .
+builtin command
+.IP \(bu
+specifying a filename containing a slash as an argument to the
+.B \-p
+option to the
+.B hash
+builtin command
+.IP \(bu
+importing function definitions from the shell environment at startup
+.IP \(bu
+parsing the value of
+.SM
+.B SHELLOPTS
+from the shell environment at startup
+.IP \(bu
+redirecting output using the >, >|, <>, >&, &>, and >> redirection operators
+.IP \(bu
+using the
+.B exec
+builtin command to replace the shell with another command
+.IP \(bu
+adding or deleting builtin commands with the
+.B \-f
+and
+.B \-d
+options to the
+.B enable
+builtin command
+.IP \(bu
+using the \fBenable\fP builtin command to enable disabled shell builtins
+.IP \(bu
+specifying the
+.B \-p
+option to the
+.B command
+builtin command
+.IP \(bu
+turning off restricted mode with
+\fBset +r\fP or \fBset +o restricted\fP.
+.PP
+These restrictions are enforced after any startup files are read.
+.PP
+.ie \n(zY=1 When a command that is found to be a shell script is executed,
+.el \{ When a command that is found to be a shell script is executed
+(see
+.SM
+.B "COMMAND EXECUTION"
+above),
+\}
+.B rbash
+turns off any restrictions in the shell spawned to execute the
+script.
+.\" end of rbash.1
+.if \n(zY=1 .ig zY
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+.PD 0
+.TP
+\fIBash Reference Manual\fP, Brian Fox and Chet Ramey
+.TP
+\fIThe Gnu Readline Library\fP, Brian Fox and Chet Ramey
+.TP
+\fIThe Gnu History Library\fP, Brian Fox and Chet Ramey
+.TP
+\fIPortable Operating System Interface (POSIX) Part 2: Shell and Utilities\fP, IEEE --
+http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/
+.TP
+http://tiswww.case.edu/~chet/bash/POSIX -- a description of posix mode
+.TP
+\fIsh\fP(1), \fIksh\fP(1), \fIcsh\fP(1)
+.TP
+\fIemacs\fP(1), \fIvi\fP(1)
+.TP
+\fIreadline\fP(3)
+.PD
+.SH FILES
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.FN /bin/bash
+The \fBbash\fP executable
+.TP
+.FN /etc/profile
+The systemwide initialization file, executed for login shells
+.TP
+.FN ~/.bash_profile
+The personal initialization file, executed for login shells
+.TP
+.FN ~/.bashrc
+The individual per-interactive-shell startup file
+.TP
+.FN ~/.bash_logout
+The individual login shell cleanup file, executed when a login shell exits
+.TP
+.FN ~/.inputrc
+Individual \fIreadline\fP initialization file
+.PD
+.SH AUTHORS
+Brian Fox, Free Software Foundation
+.br
+bfox@gnu.org
+.PP
+Chet Ramey, Case Western Reserve University
+.br
+chet.ramey@case.edu
+.SH BUG REPORTS
+If you find a bug in
+.B bash,
+you should report it. But first, you should
+make sure that it really is a bug, and that it appears in the latest
+version of
+.BR bash .
+The latest version is always available from
+\fIftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/bash/\fP.
+.PP
+Once you have determined that a bug actually exists, use the
+.I bashbug
+command to submit a bug report.
+If you have a fix, you are encouraged to mail that as well!
+Suggestions and `philosophical' bug reports may be mailed
+to \fIbug-bash@gnu.org\fP or posted to the Usenet
+newsgroup
+.BR gnu.bash.bug .
+.PP
+ALL bug reports should include:
+.PP
+.PD 0
+.TP 20
+The version number of \fBbash\fR
+.TP
+The hardware and operating system
+.TP
+The compiler used to compile
+.TP
+A description of the bug behaviour
+.TP
+A short script or `recipe' which exercises the bug
+.PD
+.PP
+.I bashbug
+inserts the first three items automatically into the template
+it provides for filing a bug report.
+.PP
+Comments and bug reports concerning
+this manual page should be directed to
+.IR chet.ramey@case.edu .
+.SH BUGS
+.PP
+It's too big and too slow.
+.PP
+There are some subtle differences between
+.B bash
+and traditional versions of
+.BR sh ,
+mostly because of the
+.SM
+.B POSIX
+specification.
+.PP
+Aliases are confusing in some uses.
+.PP
+Shell builtin commands and functions are not stoppable/restartable.
+.PP
+Compound commands and command sequences of the form `a ; b ; c'
+are not handled gracefully when process suspension is attempted.
+When a process is stopped, the shell immediately executes the next
+command in the sequence.
+It suffices to place the sequence of commands between
+parentheses to force it into a subshell, which may be stopped as
+a unit.
+.PP
+Array variables may not (yet) be exported.
+.PP
+There may be only one active coprocess at a time.
+.zZ
+.zY
@item *
@vindex $*
-($*) Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one. When the
-expansion occurs within double quotes, it expands to a single word
+($*) Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one.
+When the expansion is not within double quotes, each positional parameter
+expands to a separate word.
+In contexts where it is performed, those words
+are subject to further word splitting and pathname expansion.
+When the expansion occurs within double quotes, it expands to a single word
with the value of each parameter separated by the first character
of the @env{IFS}
special variable. That is, @code{"$*"} is equivalent
If @env{IFS} is null, the parameters are joined without intervening
separators.
-
@item @@
@vindex $@@
($@@) Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one. When the
--- /dev/null
+\input texinfo.tex @c -*- texinfo -*-
+@c %**start of header
+@setfilename bashref.info
+@settitle Bash Reference Manual
+
+@include version.texi
+@c %**end of header
+
+@copying
+This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
+the Bash shell (version @value{VERSION}, @value{UPDATED}).
+
+This is Edition @value{EDITION}, last updated @value{UPDATED},
+of @cite{The GNU Bash Reference Manual},
+for @code{Bash}, Version @value{VERSION}.
+
+Copyright @copyright{} 1988--2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+@quotation
+Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
+under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no
+Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
+A copy of the license is included in the section entitled
+``GNU Free Documentation License''.
+@end quotation
+@end copying
+
+@defcodeindex bt
+@defcodeindex rw
+@set BashFeatures
+
+@dircategory Basics
+@direntry
+* Bash: (bash). The GNU Bourne-Again SHell.
+@end direntry
+
+@finalout
+
+@titlepage
+@title Bash Reference Manual
+@subtitle Reference Documentation for Bash
+@subtitle Edition @value{EDITION}, for @code{Bash} Version @value{VERSION}.
+@subtitle @value{UPDATED-MONTH}
+@author Chet Ramey, Case Western Reserve University
+@author Brian Fox, Free Software Foundation
+
+@page
+@vskip 0pt plus 1filll
+@insertcopying
+
+@end titlepage
+
+@contents
+
+@ifnottex
+@node Top, Introduction, (dir), (dir)
+@top Bash Features
+
+This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
+the Bash shell (version @value{VERSION}, @value{UPDATED}).
+The Bash home page is @url{http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/}.
+
+This is Edition @value{EDITION}, last updated @value{UPDATED},
+of @cite{The GNU Bash Reference Manual},
+for @code{Bash}, Version @value{VERSION}.
+
+Bash contains features that appear in other popular shells, and some
+features that only appear in Bash. Some of the shells that Bash has
+borrowed concepts from are the Bourne Shell (@file{sh}), the Korn Shell
+(@file{ksh}), and the C-shell (@file{csh} and its successor,
+@file{tcsh}). The following menu breaks the features up into
+categories, noting which features were inspired by other shells and
+which are specific to Bash.
+
+This manual is meant as a brief introduction to features found in
+Bash. The Bash manual page should be used as the definitive
+reference on shell behavior.
+
+@menu
+* Introduction:: An introduction to the shell.
+* Definitions:: Some definitions used in the rest of this
+ manual.
+* Basic Shell Features:: The shell "building blocks".
+* Shell Builtin Commands:: Commands that are a part of the shell.
+* Shell Variables:: Variables used or set by Bash.
+* Bash Features:: Features found only in Bash.
+* Job Control:: What job control is and how Bash allows you
+ to use it.
+* Command Line Editing:: Chapter describing the command line
+ editing features.
+* Using History Interactively:: Command History Expansion
+* Installing Bash:: How to build and install Bash on your system.
+* Reporting Bugs:: How to report bugs in Bash.
+* Major Differences From The Bourne Shell:: A terse list of the differences
+ between Bash and historical
+ versions of /bin/sh.
+* GNU Free Documentation License:: Copying and sharing this documentation.
+* Indexes:: Various indexes for this manual.
+@end menu
+@end ifnottex
+
+@node Introduction
+@chapter Introduction
+@menu
+* What is Bash?:: A short description of Bash.
+* What is a shell?:: A brief introduction to shells.
+@end menu
+
+@node What is Bash?
+@section What is Bash?
+
+Bash is the shell, or command language interpreter,
+for the @sc{gnu} operating system.
+The name is an acronym for the @samp{Bourne-Again SHell},
+a pun on Stephen Bourne, the author of the direct ancestor of
+the current Unix shell @code{sh},
+which appeared in the Seventh Edition Bell Labs Research version
+of Unix.
+
+Bash is largely compatible with @code{sh} and incorporates useful
+features from the Korn shell @code{ksh} and the C shell @code{csh}.
+It is intended to be a conformant implementation of the @sc{ieee}
+@sc{posix} Shell and Tools portion of the @sc{ieee} @sc{posix}
+specification (@sc{ieee} Standard 1003.1).
+It offers functional improvements over @code{sh} for both interactive and
+programming use.
+
+While the @sc{gnu} operating system provides other shells, including
+a version of @code{csh}, Bash is the default shell.
+Like other @sc{gnu} software, Bash is quite portable. It currently runs
+on nearly every version of Unix and a few other operating systems @minus{}
+independently-supported ports exist for @sc{ms-dos}, @sc{os/2},
+and Windows platforms.
+
+@node What is a shell?
+@section What is a shell?
+
+At its base, a shell is simply a macro processor that executes
+commands. The term macro processor means functionality where text
+and symbols are expanded to create larger expressions.
+
+A Unix shell is both a command interpreter and a programming
+language. As a command interpreter, the shell provides the user
+interface to the rich set of @sc{gnu} utilities. The programming
+language features allow these utilities to be combined.
+Files containing commands can be created, and become
+commands themselves. These new commands have the same status as
+system commands in directories such as @file{/bin}, allowing users
+or groups to establish custom environments to automate their common
+tasks.
+
+Shells may be used interactively or non-interactively. In
+interactive mode, they accept input typed from the keyboard.
+When executing non-interactively, shells execute commands read
+from a file.
+
+A shell allows execution of @sc{gnu} commands, both synchronously and
+asynchronously.
+The shell waits for synchronous commands to complete before accepting
+more input; asynchronous commands continue to execute in parallel
+with the shell while it reads and executes additional commands.
+The @dfn{redirection} constructs permit
+fine-grained control of the input and output of those commands.
+Moreover, the shell allows control over the contents of commands'
+environments.
+
+Shells also provide a small set of built-in
+commands (@dfn{builtins}) implementing functionality impossible
+or inconvenient to obtain via separate utilities.
+For example, @code{cd}, @code{break}, @code{continue}, and
+@code{exec} cannot be implemented outside of the shell because
+they directly manipulate the shell itself.
+The @code{history}, @code{getopts}, @code{kill}, or @code{pwd}
+builtins, among others, could be implemented in separate utilities,
+but they are more convenient to use as builtin commands.
+All of the shell builtins are described in
+subsequent sections.
+
+While executing commands is essential, most of the power (and
+complexity) of shells is due to their embedded programming
+languages. Like any high-level language, the shell provides
+variables, flow control constructs, quoting, and functions.
+
+Shells offer features geared specifically for
+interactive use rather than to augment the programming language.
+These interactive features include job control, command line
+editing, command history and aliases. Each of these features is
+described in this manual.
+
+@node Definitions
+@chapter Definitions
+These definitions are used throughout the remainder of this manual.
+
+@table @code
+
+@item POSIX
+@cindex POSIX
+A family of open system standards based on Unix. Bash
+is primarily concerned with the Shell and Utilities portion of the
+@sc{posix} 1003.1 standard.
+
+@item blank
+A space or tab character.
+
+@item builtin
+@cindex builtin
+A command that is implemented internally by the shell itself, rather
+than by an executable program somewhere in the file system.
+
+@item control operator
+@cindex control operator
+A @code{token} that performs a control function. It is a @code{newline}
+or one of the following:
+@samp{||}, @samp{&&}, @samp{&}, @samp{;}, @samp{;;},
+@samp{|}, @samp{|&}, @samp{(}, or @samp{)}.
+
+@item exit status
+@cindex exit status
+The value returned by a command to its caller. The value is restricted
+to eight bits, so the maximum value is 255.
+
+@item field
+@cindex field
+A unit of text that is the result of one of the shell expansions. After
+expansion, when executing a command, the resulting fields are used as
+the command name and arguments.
+
+@item filename
+@cindex filename
+A string of characters used to identify a file.
+
+@item job
+@cindex job
+A set of processes comprising a pipeline, and any processes descended
+from it, that are all in the same process group.
+
+@item job control
+@cindex job control
+A mechanism by which users can selectively stop (suspend) and restart
+(resume) execution of processes.
+
+@item metacharacter
+@cindex metacharacter
+A character that, when unquoted, separates words. A metacharacter is
+a @code{blank} or one of the following characters:
+@samp{|}, @samp{&}, @samp{;}, @samp{(}, @samp{)}, @samp{<}, or
+@samp{>}.
+
+@item name
+@cindex name
+@cindex identifier
+A @code{word} consisting solely of letters, numbers, and underscores,
+and beginning with a letter or underscore. @code{Name}s are used as
+shell variable and function names.
+Also referred to as an @code{identifier}.
+
+@item operator
+@cindex operator, shell
+A @code{control operator} or a @code{redirection operator}.
+@xref{Redirections}, for a list of redirection operators.
+Operators contain at least one unquoted @code{metacharacter}.
+
+@item process group
+@cindex process group
+A collection of related processes each having the same process
+group @sc{id}.
+
+@item process group ID
+@cindex process group ID
+A unique identifier that represents a @code{process group}
+during its lifetime.
+
+@item reserved word
+@cindex reserved word
+A @code{word} that has a special meaning to the shell. Most reserved
+words introduce shell flow control constructs, such as @code{for} and
+@code{while}.
+
+@item return status
+@cindex return status
+A synonym for @code{exit status}.
+
+@item signal
+@cindex signal
+A mechanism by which a process may be notified by the kernel
+of an event occurring in the system.
+
+@item special builtin
+@cindex special builtin
+A shell builtin command that has been classified as special by the
+@sc{posix} standard.
+
+@item token
+@cindex token
+A sequence of characters considered a single unit by the shell.
+It is either a @code{word} or an @code{operator}.
+
+@item word
+@cindex word
+A sequence of characters treated as a unit by the shell.
+Words may not include unquoted @code{metacharacters}.
+@end table
+
+@node Basic Shell Features
+@chapter Basic Shell Features
+@cindex Bourne shell
+
+Bash is an acronym for @samp{Bourne-Again SHell}.
+The Bourne shell is
+the traditional Unix shell originally written by Stephen Bourne.
+All of the Bourne shell builtin commands are available in Bash,
+The rules for evaluation and quoting are taken from the @sc{posix}
+specification for the `standard' Unix shell.
+
+This chapter briefly summarizes the shell's `building blocks':
+commands, control structures, shell functions, shell @i{parameters},
+shell expansions,
+@i{redirections}, which are a way to direct input and output from
+and to named files, and how the shell executes commands.
+
+@menu
+* Shell Syntax:: What your input means to the shell.
+* Shell Commands:: The types of commands you can use.
+* Shell Functions:: Grouping commands by name.
+* Shell Parameters:: How the shell stores values.
+* Shell Expansions:: How Bash expands parameters and the various
+ expansions available.
+* Redirections:: A way to control where input and output go.
+* Executing Commands:: What happens when you run a command.
+* Shell Scripts:: Executing files of shell commands.
+@end menu
+
+@node Shell Syntax
+@section Shell Syntax
+@menu
+* Shell Operation:: The basic operation of the shell.
+* Quoting:: How to remove the special meaning from characters.
+* Comments:: How to specify comments.
+@end menu
+
+When the shell reads input, it proceeds through a
+sequence of operations. If the input indicates the beginning of a
+comment, the shell ignores the comment symbol (@samp{#}), and the rest
+of that line.
+
+Otherwise, roughly speaking, the shell reads its input and
+divides the input into words and operators, employing the quoting rules
+to select which meanings to assign various words and characters.
+
+The shell then parses these tokens into commands and other constructs,
+removes the special meaning of certain words or characters, expands
+others, redirects input and output as needed, executes the specified
+command, waits for the command's exit status, and makes that exit status
+available for further inspection or processing.
+
+@node Shell Operation
+@subsection Shell Operation
+
+The following is a brief description of the shell's operation when it
+reads and executes a command. Basically, the shell does the
+following:
+
+@enumerate
+@item
+Reads its input from a file (@pxref{Shell Scripts}), from a string
+supplied as an argument to the @option{-c} invocation option
+(@pxref{Invoking Bash}), or from the user's terminal.
+
+@item
+Breaks the input into words and operators, obeying the quoting rules
+described in @ref{Quoting}. These tokens are separated by
+@code{metacharacters}. Alias expansion is performed by this step
+(@pxref{Aliases}).
+
+@item
+Parses the tokens into simple and compound commands
+(@pxref{Shell Commands}).
+
+@item
+Performs the various shell expansions (@pxref{Shell Expansions}), breaking
+the expanded tokens into lists of filenames (@pxref{Filename Expansion})
+and commands and arguments.
+
+@item
+Performs any necessary redirections (@pxref{Redirections}) and removes
+the redirection operators and their operands from the argument list.
+
+@item
+Executes the command (@pxref{Executing Commands}).
+
+@item
+Optionally waits for the command to complete and collects its exit
+status (@pxref{Exit Status}).
+
+@end enumerate
+
+@node Quoting
+@subsection Quoting
+@cindex quoting
+@menu
+* Escape Character:: How to remove the special meaning from a single
+ character.
+* Single Quotes:: How to inhibit all interpretation of a sequence
+ of characters.
+* Double Quotes:: How to suppress most of the interpretation of a
+ sequence of characters.
+* ANSI-C Quoting:: How to expand ANSI-C sequences in quoted strings.
+* Locale Translation:: How to translate strings into different languages.
+@end menu
+
+Quoting is used to remove the special meaning of certain
+characters or words to the shell. Quoting can be used to
+disable special treatment for special characters, to prevent
+reserved words from being recognized as such, and to prevent
+parameter expansion.
+
+Each of the shell metacharacters (@pxref{Definitions})
+has special meaning to the shell and must be quoted if it is to
+represent itself.
+When the command history expansion facilities are being used
+(@pxref{History Interaction}), the
+@var{history expansion} character, usually @samp{!}, must be quoted
+to prevent history expansion. @xref{Bash History Facilities}, for
+more details concerning history expansion.
+
+There are three quoting mechanisms: the
+@var{escape character}, single quotes, and double quotes.
+
+@node Escape Character
+@subsubsection Escape Character
+A non-quoted backslash @samp{\} is the Bash escape character.
+It preserves the literal value of the next character that follows,
+with the exception of @code{newline}. If a @code{\newline} pair
+appears, and the backslash itself is not quoted, the @code{\newline}
+is treated as a line continuation (that is, it is removed from
+the input stream and effectively ignored).
+
+@node Single Quotes
+@subsubsection Single Quotes
+
+Enclosing characters in single quotes (@samp{'}) preserves the literal value
+of each character within the quotes. A single quote may not occur
+between single quotes, even when preceded by a backslash.
+
+@node Double Quotes
+@subsubsection Double Quotes
+
+Enclosing characters in double quotes (@samp{"}) preserves the literal value
+of all characters within the quotes, with the exception of
+@samp{$}, @samp{`}, @samp{\},
+and, when history expansion is enabled, @samp{!}.
+The characters @samp{$} and @samp{`}
+retain their special meaning within double quotes (@pxref{Shell Expansions}).
+The backslash retains its special meaning only when followed by one of
+the following characters:
+@samp{$}, @samp{`}, @samp{"}, @samp{\}, or @code{newline}.
+Within double quotes, backslashes that are followed by one of these
+characters are removed. Backslashes preceding characters without a
+special meaning are left unmodified.
+A double quote may be quoted within double quotes by preceding it with
+a backslash.
+If enabled, history expansion will be performed unless an @samp{!}
+appearing in double quotes is escaped using a backslash.
+The backslash preceding the @samp{!} is not removed.
+
+The special parameters @samp{*} and @samp{@@} have special meaning
+when in double quotes (@pxref{Shell Parameter Expansion}).
+
+@node ANSI-C Quoting
+@subsubsection ANSI-C Quoting
+@cindex quoting, ANSI
+
+Words of the form @code{$'@var{string}'} are treated specially. The
+word expands to @var{string}, with backslash-escaped characters replaced
+as specified by the ANSI C standard. Backslash escape sequences, if
+present, are decoded as follows:
+
+@table @code
+@item \a
+alert (bell)
+@item \b
+backspace
+@item \e
+@itemx \E
+an escape character (not ANSI C)
+@item \f
+form feed
+@item \n
+newline
+@item \r
+carriage return
+@item \t
+horizontal tab
+@item \v
+vertical tab
+@item \\
+backslash
+@item \'
+single quote
+@item \"
+double quote
+@item \@var{nnn}
+the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value @var{nnn}
+(one to three digits)
+@item \x@var{HH}
+the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal value @var{HH}
+(one or two hex digits)
+@item \u@var{HHHH}
+the Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is the hexadecimal value
+@var{HHHH} (one to four hex digits)
+@item \U@var{HHHHHHHH}
+the Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is the hexadecimal value
+@var{HHHHHHHH} (one to eight hex digits)
+@item \c@var{x}
+a control-@var{x} character
+@end table
+
+@noindent
+The expanded result is single-quoted, as if the dollar sign had not
+been present.
+
+@node Locale Translation
+@subsubsection Locale-Specific Translation
+@cindex localization
+@cindex internationalization
+@cindex native languages
+@cindex translation, native languages
+
+A double-quoted string preceded by a dollar sign (@samp{$}) will cause
+the string to be translated according to the current locale.
+If the current locale is @code{C} or @code{POSIX}, the dollar sign
+is ignored.
+If the string is translated and replaced, the replacement is
+double-quoted.
+
+@vindex LC_MESSAGES
+@vindex TEXTDOMAIN
+@vindex TEXTDOMAINDIR
+Some systems use the message catalog selected by the @env{LC_MESSAGES}
+shell variable. Others create the name of the message catalog from the
+value of the @env{TEXTDOMAIN} shell variable, possibly adding a
+suffix of @samp{.mo}. If you use the @env{TEXTDOMAIN} variable, you
+may need to set the @env{TEXTDOMAINDIR} variable to the location of
+the message catalog files. Still others use both variables in this
+fashion:
+@env{TEXTDOMAINDIR}/@env{LC_MESSAGES}/LC_MESSAGES/@env{TEXTDOMAIN}.mo.
+
+@node Comments
+@subsection Comments
+@cindex comments, shell
+
+In a non-interactive shell, or an interactive shell in which the
+@code{interactive_comments} option to the @code{shopt}
+builtin is enabled (@pxref{The Shopt Builtin}),
+a word beginning with @samp{#}
+causes that word and all remaining characters on that line to
+be ignored. An interactive shell without the @code{interactive_comments}
+option enabled does not allow comments. The @code{interactive_comments}
+option is on by default in interactive shells.
+@xref{Interactive Shells}, for a description of what makes
+a shell interactive.
+
+@node Shell Commands
+@section Shell Commands
+@cindex commands, shell
+
+A simple shell command such as @code{echo a b c} consists of the command
+itself followed by arguments, separated by spaces.
+
+More complex shell commands are composed of simple commands arranged together
+in a variety of ways: in a pipeline in which the output of one command
+becomes the input of a second, in a loop or conditional construct, or in
+some other grouping.
+
+@menu
+* Simple Commands:: The most common type of command.
+* Pipelines:: Connecting the input and output of several
+ commands.
+* Lists:: How to execute commands sequentially.
+* Compound Commands:: Shell commands for control flow.
+* Coprocesses:: Two-way communication between commands.
+* GNU Parallel:: Running commands in parallel.
+@end menu
+
+@node Simple Commands
+@subsection Simple Commands
+@cindex commands, simple
+
+A simple command is the kind of command encountered most often.
+It's just a sequence of words separated by @code{blank}s, terminated
+by one of the shell's control operators (@pxref{Definitions}). The
+first word generally specifies a command to be executed, with the
+rest of the words being that command's arguments.
+
+The return status (@pxref{Exit Status}) of a simple command is
+its exit status as provided
+by the @sc{posix} 1003.1 @code{waitpid} function, or 128+@var{n} if
+the command was terminated by signal @var{n}.
+
+@node Pipelines
+@subsection Pipelines
+@cindex pipeline
+@cindex commands, pipelines
+
+A @code{pipeline} is a sequence of simple commands separated by one of
+the control operators @samp{|} or @samp{|&}.
+
+@rwindex time
+@rwindex !
+@cindex command timing
+The format for a pipeline is
+@example
+[time [-p]] [!] @var{command1} [ | or |& @var{command2} ] @dots{}
+@end example
+
+@noindent
+The output of each command in the pipeline is connected via a pipe
+to the input of the next command.
+That is, each command reads the previous command's output. This
+connection is performed before any redirections specified by the
+command.
+
+If @samp{|&} is used, @var{command1}'s standard error, in addition to
+its standard output, is connected to
+@var{command2}'s standard input through the pipe;
+it is shorthand for @code{2>&1 |}.
+This implicit redirection of the standard error to the standard output is
+performed after any redirections specified by the command.
+
+The reserved word @code{time} causes timing statistics
+to be printed for the pipeline once it finishes.
+The statistics currently consist of elapsed (wall-clock) time and
+user and system time consumed by the command's execution.
+The @option{-p} option changes the output format to that specified
+by @sc{posix}.
+When the shell is in @sc{posix} mode (@pxref{Bash POSIX Mode}),
+it does not recognize @code{time} as a reserved word if the next
+token begins with a @samp{-}.
+The @env{TIMEFORMAT} variable may be set to a format string that
+specifies how the timing information should be displayed.
+@xref{Bash Variables}, for a description of the available formats.
+The use of @code{time} as a reserved word permits the timing of
+shell builtins, shell functions, and pipelines. An external
+@code{time} command cannot time these easily.
+
+When the shell is in @sc{posix} mode (@pxref{Bash POSIX Mode}), @code{time}
+may be followed by a newline. In this case, the shell displays the
+total user and system time consumed by the shell and its children.
+The @env{TIMEFORMAT} variable may be used to specify the format of
+the time information.
+
+If the pipeline is not executed asynchronously (@pxref{Lists}), the
+shell waits for all commands in the pipeline to complete.
+
+Each command in a pipeline is executed in its own subshell
+(@pxref{Command Execution Environment}). The exit
+status of a pipeline is the exit status of the last command in the
+pipeline, unless the @code{pipefail} option is enabled
+(@pxref{The Set Builtin}).
+If @code{pipefail} is enabled, the pipeline's return status is the
+value of the last (rightmost) command to exit with a non-zero status,
+or zero if all commands exit successfully.
+If the reserved word @samp{!} precedes the pipeline, the
+exit status is the logical negation of the exit status as described
+above.
+The shell waits for all commands in the pipeline to terminate before
+returning a value.
+
+@node Lists
+@subsection Lists of Commands
+@cindex commands, lists
+
+A @code{list} is a sequence of one or more pipelines separated by one
+of the operators @samp{;}, @samp{&}, @samp{&&}, or @samp{||},
+and optionally terminated by one of @samp{;}, @samp{&}, or a
+@code{newline}.
+
+Of these list operators, @samp{&&} and @samp{||}
+have equal precedence, followed by @samp{;} and @samp{&},
+which have equal precedence.
+
+A sequence of one or more newlines may appear in a @code{list}
+to delimit commands, equivalent to a semicolon.
+
+If a command is terminated by the control operator @samp{&},
+the shell executes the command asynchronously in a subshell.
+This is known as executing the command in the @var{background}.
+The shell does not wait for the command to finish, and the return
+status is 0 (true).
+When job control is not active (@pxref{Job Control}),
+the standard input for asynchronous commands, in the absence of any
+explicit redirections, is redirected from @code{/dev/null}.
+
+Commands separated by a @samp{;} are executed sequentially; the shell
+waits for each command to terminate in turn. The return status is the
+exit status of the last command executed.
+
+@sc{and} and @sc{or} lists are sequences of one or more pipelines
+separated by the control operators @samp{&&} and @samp{||},
+respectively. @sc{and} and @sc{or} lists are executed with left
+associativity.
+
+An @sc{and} list has the form
+@example
+@var{command1} && @var{command2}
+@end example
+
+@noindent
+@var{command2} is executed if, and only if, @var{command1}
+returns an exit status of zero.
+
+An @sc{or} list has the form
+@example
+@var{command1} || @var{command2}
+@end example
+
+@noindent
+@var{command2} is executed if, and only if, @var{command1}
+returns a non-zero exit status.
+
+The return status of
+@sc{and} and @sc{or} lists is the exit status of the last command
+executed in the list.
+
+@node Compound Commands
+@subsection Compound Commands
+@cindex commands, compound
+
+@menu
+* Looping Constructs:: Shell commands for iterative action.
+* Conditional Constructs:: Shell commands for conditional execution.
+* Command Grouping:: Ways to group commands.
+@end menu
+
+Compound commands are the shell programming constructs.
+Each construct begins with a reserved word or control operator and is
+terminated by a corresponding reserved word or operator.
+Any redirections (@pxref{Redirections}) associated with a compound command
+apply to all commands within that compound command unless explicitly overridden.
+
+In most cases a list of commands in a compound command's description may be
+separated from the rest of the command by one or more newlines, and may be
+followed by a newline in place of a semicolon.
+
+Bash provides looping constructs, conditional commands, and mechanisms
+to group commands and execute them as a unit.
+
+@node Looping Constructs
+@subsubsection Looping Constructs
+@cindex commands, looping
+
+Bash supports the following looping constructs.
+
+Note that wherever a @samp{;} appears in the description of a
+command's syntax, it may be replaced with one or more newlines.
+
+@table @code
+@item until
+@rwindex until
+@rwindex do
+@rwindex done
+The syntax of the @code{until} command is:
+
+@example
+until @var{test-commands}; do @var{consequent-commands}; done
+@end example
+
+Execute @var{consequent-commands} as long as
+@var{test-commands} has an exit status which is not zero.
+The return status is the exit status of the last command executed
+in @var{consequent-commands}, or zero if none was executed.
+
+@item while
+@rwindex while
+The syntax of the @code{while} command is:
+
+@example
+while @var{test-commands}; do @var{consequent-commands}; done
+@end example
+
+Execute @var{consequent-commands} as long as
+@var{test-commands} has an exit status of zero.
+The return status is the exit status of the last command executed
+in @var{consequent-commands}, or zero if none was executed.
+
+@item for
+@rwindex for
+The syntax of the @code{for} command is:
+
+@example
+for @var{name} [ [in [@var{words} @dots{}] ] ; ] do @var{commands}; done
+@end example
+
+Expand @var{words}, and execute @var{commands} once for each member
+in the resultant list, with @var{name} bound to the current member.
+If @samp{in @var{words}} is not present, the @code{for} command
+executes the @var{commands} once for each positional parameter that is
+set, as if @samp{in "$@@"} had been specified
+(@pxref{Special Parameters}).
+The return status is the exit status of the last command that executes.
+If there are no items in the expansion of @var{words}, no commands are
+executed, and the return status is zero.
+
+An alternate form of the @code{for} command is also supported:
+
+@example
+for (( @var{expr1} ; @var{expr2} ; @var{expr3} )) ; do @var{commands} ; done
+@end example
+
+First, the arithmetic expression @var{expr1} is evaluated according
+to the rules described below (@pxref{Shell Arithmetic}).
+The arithmetic expression @var{expr2} is then evaluated repeatedly
+until it evaluates to zero.
+Each time @var{expr2} evaluates to a non-zero value, @var{commands} are
+executed and the arithmetic expression @var{expr3} is evaluated.
+If any expression is omitted, it behaves as if it evaluates to 1.
+The return value is the exit status of the last command in @var{commands}
+that is executed, or false if any of the expressions is invalid.
+@end table
+
+The @code{break} and @code{continue} builtins (@pxref{Bourne Shell Builtins})
+may be used to control loop execution.
+
+@node Conditional Constructs
+@subsubsection Conditional Constructs
+@cindex commands, conditional
+
+@table @code
+@item if
+@rwindex if
+@rwindex then
+@rwindex else
+@rwindex elif
+@rwindex fi
+The syntax of the @code{if} command is:
+
+@example
+if @var{test-commands}; then
+ @var{consequent-commands};
+[elif @var{more-test-commands}; then
+ @var{more-consequents};]
+[else @var{alternate-consequents};]
+fi
+@end example
+
+The @var{test-commands} list is executed, and if its return status is zero,
+the @var{consequent-commands} list is executed.
+If @var{test-commands} returns a non-zero status, each @code{elif} list
+is executed in turn, and if its exit status is zero,
+the corresponding @var{more-consequents} is executed and the
+command completes.
+If @samp{else @var{alternate-consequents}} is present, and
+the final command in the final @code{if} or @code{elif} clause
+has a non-zero exit status, then @var{alternate-consequents} is executed.
+The return status is the exit status of the last command executed, or
+zero if no condition tested true.
+
+@item case
+@rwindex case
+@rwindex in
+@rwindex esac
+The syntax of the @code{case} command is:
+
+@example
+case @var{word} in [ [(] @var{pattern} [| @var{pattern}]@dots{}) @var{command-list} ;;]@dots{} esac
+@end example
+
+@code{case} will selectively execute the @var{command-list} corresponding to
+the first @var{pattern} that matches @var{word}.
+If the shell option @code{nocasematch}
+(see the description of @code{shopt} in @ref{The Shopt Builtin})
+is enabled, the match is performed without regard to the case
+of alphabetic characters.
+The @samp{|} is used to separate multiple patterns, and the @samp{)}
+operator terminates a pattern list.
+A list of patterns and an associated command-list is known
+as a @var{clause}.
+
+Each clause must be terminated with @samp{;;}, @samp{;&}, or @samp{;;&}.
+The @var{word} undergoes tilde expansion, parameter expansion, command
+substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote removal before matching is
+attempted. Each @var{pattern} undergoes tilde expansion, parameter
+expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic expansion.
+
+There may be an arbitrary number of @code{case} clauses, each terminated
+by a @samp{;;}, @samp{;&}, or @samp{;;&}.
+The first pattern that matches determines the
+command-list that is executed.
+It's a common idiom to use @samp{*} as the final pattern to define the
+default case, since that pattern will always match.
+
+Here is an example using @code{case} in a script that could be used to
+describe one interesting feature of an animal:
+
+@example
+echo -n "Enter the name of an animal: "
+read ANIMAL
+echo -n "The $ANIMAL has "
+case $ANIMAL in
+ horse | dog | cat) echo -n "four";;
+ man | kangaroo ) echo -n "two";;
+ *) echo -n "an unknown number of";;
+esac
+echo " legs."
+@end example
+
+@noindent
+
+If the @samp{;;} operator is used, no subsequent matches are attempted after
+the first pattern match.
+Using @samp{;&} in place of @samp{;;} causes execution to continue with
+the @var{command-list} associated with the next clause, if any.
+Using @samp{;;&} in place of @samp{;;} causes the shell to test the patterns
+in the next clause, if any, and execute any associated @var{command-list}
+on a successful match.
+
+The return status is zero if no @var{pattern} is matched. Otherwise, the
+return status is the exit status of the @var{command-list} executed.
+
+@item select
+@rwindex select
+
+The @code{select} construct allows the easy generation of menus.
+It has almost the same syntax as the @code{for} command:
+
+@example
+select @var{name} [in @var{words} @dots{}]; do @var{commands}; done
+@end example
+
+The list of words following @code{in} is expanded, generating a list
+of items. The set of expanded words is printed on the standard
+error output stream, each preceded by a number. If the
+@samp{in @var{words}} is omitted, the positional parameters are printed,
+as if @samp{in "$@@"} had been specified.
+The @env{PS3} prompt is then displayed and a line is read from the
+standard input.
+If the line consists of a number corresponding to one of the displayed
+words, then the value of @var{name} is set to that word.
+If the line is empty, the words and prompt are displayed again.
+If @code{EOF} is read, the @code{select} command completes.
+Any other value read causes @var{name} to be set to null.
+The line read is saved in the variable @env{REPLY}.
+
+The @var{commands} are executed after each selection until a
+@code{break} command is executed, at which
+point the @code{select} command completes.
+
+Here is an example that allows the user to pick a filename from the
+current directory, and displays the name and index of the file
+selected.
+
+@example
+select fname in *;
+do
+ echo you picked $fname \($REPLY\)
+ break;
+done
+@end example
+
+@item ((@dots{}))
+@example
+(( @var{expression} ))
+@end example
+
+The arithmetic @var{expression} is evaluated according to the rules
+described below (@pxref{Shell Arithmetic}).
+If the value of the expression is non-zero, the return status is 0;
+otherwise the return status is 1. This is exactly equivalent to
+@example
+let "@var{expression}"
+@end example
+@noindent
+@xref{Bash Builtins}, for a full description of the @code{let} builtin.
+
+@item [[@dots{}]]
+@rwindex [[
+@rwindex ]]
+@example
+[[ @var{expression} ]]
+@end example
+
+Return a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of
+the conditional expression @var{expression}.
+Expressions are composed of the primaries described below in
+@ref{Bash Conditional Expressions}.
+Word splitting and filename expansion are not performed on the words
+between the @code{[[} and @code{]]}; tilde expansion, parameter and
+variable expansion, arithmetic expansion, command substitution, process
+substitution, and quote removal are performed.
+Conditional operators such as @samp{-f} must be unquoted to be recognized
+as primaries.
+
+When used with @code{[[}, the @samp{<} and @samp{>} operators sort
+lexicographically using the current locale.
+
+When the @samp{==} and @samp{!=} operators are used, the string to the
+right of the operator is considered a pattern and matched according
+to the rules described below in @ref{Pattern Matching},
+as if the @code{extglob} shell option were enabled.
+The @samp{=} operator is identical to @samp{==}.
+If the shell option @code{nocasematch}
+(see the description of @code{shopt} in @ref{The Shopt Builtin})
+is enabled, the match is performed without regard to the case
+of alphabetic characters.
+The return value is 0 if the string matches (@samp{==}) or does not
+match (@samp{!=})the pattern, and 1 otherwise.
+Any part of the pattern may be quoted to force the quoted portion
+to be matched as a string.
+
+An additional binary operator, @samp{=~}, is available, with the same
+precedence as @samp{==} and @samp{!=}.
+When it is used, the string to the right of the operator is considered
+an extended regular expression and matched accordingly (as in @i{regex}3)).
+The return value is 0 if the string matches
+the pattern, and 1 otherwise.
+If the regular expression is syntactically incorrect, the conditional
+expression's return value is 2.
+If the shell option @code{nocasematch}
+(see the description of @code{shopt} in @ref{The Shopt Builtin})
+is enabled, the match is performed without regard to the case
+of alphabetic characters.
+Any part of the pattern may be quoted to force the quoted portion
+to be matched as a string.
+Bracket expressions in regular expressions must be treated carefully,
+since normal quoting characters lose their meanings between brackets.
+If the pattern is stored in a shell variable, quoting the variable
+expansion forces the entire pattern to be matched as a string.
+Substrings matched by parenthesized subexpressions within the regular
+expression are saved in the array variable @code{BASH_REMATCH}.
+The element of @code{BASH_REMATCH} with index 0 is the portion of the string
+matching the entire regular expression.
+The element of @code{BASH_REMATCH} with index @var{n} is the portion of the
+string matching the @var{n}th parenthesized subexpression.
+
+For example, the following will match a line
+(stored in the shell variable @var{line})
+if there is a sequence of characters in the value consisting of
+any number, including zero, of
+space characters, zero or one instances of @samp{a}, then a @samp{b}:
+@example
+[[ $line =~ [[:space:]]*(a)?b ]]
+@end example
+
+@noindent
+That means values like @samp{aab} and @samp{ aaaaaab} will match, as
+will a line containing a @samp{b} anywhere in its value.
+
+Storing the regular expression in a shell variable is often a useful
+way to avoid problems with quoting characters that are special to the
+shell.
+It is sometimes difficult to specify a regular expression literally
+without using quotes, or to keep track of the quoting used by regular
+expressions while paying attention to the shell's quote removal.
+Using a shell variable to store the pattern decreases these problems.
+For example, the following is equivalent to the above:
+@example
+pattern='[[:space:]]*(a)?b'
+[[ $line =~ $pattern ]]
+@end example
+
+@noindent
+If you want to match a character that's special to the regular expression
+grammar, it has to be quoted to remove its special meaning.
+This means that in the pattern @samp{xxx.txt}, the @samp{.} matches any
+character in the string (its usual regular expression meaning), but in the
+pattern @samp{"xxx.txt"} it can only match a literal @samp{.}.
+Shell programmers should take special care with backslashes, since backslashes
+are used both by the shell and regular expressions to remove the special
+meaning from the following character.
+The following two sets of commands are @emph{not} equivalent:
+@example
+pattern='\.'
+
+[[ . =~ $pattern ]]
+[[ . =~ \. ]]
+
+[[ . =~ "$pattern" ]]
+[[ . =~ '\.' ]]
+@end example
+
+@noindent
+The first two matches will succeed, but the second two will not, because
+in the second two the backslash will be part of the pattern to be matched.
+In the first two examples, the backslash removes the special meaning from
+@samp{.}, so the literal @samp{.} matches.
+If the string in the first examples were anything other than @samp{.}, say
+@samp{a}, the pattern would not match, because the quoted @samp{.} in the
+pattern loses its special meaning of matching any single character.
+
+Expressions may be combined using the following operators, listed
+in decreasing order of precedence:
+
+@table @code
+@item ( @var{expression} )
+Returns the value of @var{expression}.
+This may be used to override the normal precedence of operators.
+
+@item ! @var{expression}
+True if @var{expression} is false.
+
+@item @var{expression1} && @var{expression2}
+True if both @var{expression1} and @var{expression2} are true.
+
+@item @var{expression1} || @var{expression2}
+True if either @var{expression1} or @var{expression2} is true.
+@end table
+
+@noindent
+The @code{&&} and @code{||} operators do not evaluate @var{expression2} if the
+value of @var{expression1} is sufficient to determine the return
+value of the entire conditional expression.
+@end table
+
+@node Command Grouping
+@subsubsection Grouping Commands
+@cindex commands, grouping
+
+Bash provides two ways to group a list of commands to be executed
+as a unit. When commands are grouped, redirections may be applied
+to the entire command list. For example, the output of all the
+commands in the list may be redirected to a single stream.
+
+@table @code
+@item ()
+@example
+( @var{list} )
+@end example
+
+Placing a list of commands between parentheses causes a subshell
+environment to be created (@pxref{Command Execution Environment}), and each
+of the commands in @var{list} to be executed in that subshell. Since the
+@var{list} is executed in a subshell, variable assignments do not remain in
+effect after the subshell completes.
+
+@item @{@}
+@rwindex @{
+@rwindex @}
+@example
+@{ @var{list}; @}
+@end example
+
+Placing a list of commands between curly braces causes the list to
+be executed in the current shell context. No subshell is created.
+The semicolon (or newline) following @var{list} is required.
+@end table
+
+In addition to the creation of a subshell, there is a subtle difference
+between these two constructs due to historical reasons. The braces
+are @code{reserved words}, so they must be separated from the @var{list}
+by @code{blank}s or other shell metacharacters.
+The parentheses are @code{operators}, and are
+recognized as separate tokens by the shell even if they are not separated
+from the @var{list} by whitespace.
+
+The exit status of both of these constructs is the exit status of
+@var{list}.
+
+@node Coprocesses
+@subsection Coprocesses
+@cindex coprocess
+
+A @code{coprocess} is a shell command preceded by the @code{coproc}
+reserved word.
+A coprocess is executed asynchronously in a subshell, as if the command
+had been terminated with the @samp{&} control operator, with a two-way pipe
+established between the executing shell and the coprocess.
+
+The format for a coprocess is:
+@example
+coproc [@var{NAME}] @var{command} [@var{redirections}]
+@end example
+
+@noindent
+This creates a coprocess named @var{NAME}.
+If @var{NAME} is not supplied, the default name is @var{COPROC}.
+@var{NAME} must not be supplied if @var{command} is a simple
+command (@pxref{Simple Commands}); otherwise, it is interpreted as
+the first word of the simple command.
+
+When the coprocess is executed, the shell creates an array variable
+(@pxref{Arrays})
+named @env{NAME} in the context of the executing shell.
+The standard output of @var{command}
+is connected via a pipe to a file descriptor in the executing shell,
+and that file descriptor is assigned to @env{NAME}[0].
+The standard input of @var{command}
+is connected via a pipe to a file descriptor in the executing shell,
+and that file descriptor is assigned to @env{NAME}[1].
+This pipe is established before any redirections specified by the
+command (@pxref{Redirections}).
+The file descriptors can be utilized as arguments to shell commands
+and redirections using standard word expansions.
+The file descriptors are not available in subshells.
+
+The process ID of the shell spawned to execute the coprocess is
+available as the value of the variable @env{NAME}_PID.
+The @code{wait}
+builtin command may be used to wait for the coprocess to terminate.
+
+Since the coprocess is created as an asynchronous command,
+the @code{coproc} command always returns success.
+The return status of a coprocess is the exit status of @var{command}.
+
+@node GNU Parallel
+@subsection GNU Parallel
+
+There are ways to run commands in parallel that are not built into Bash.
+GNU Parallel is a tool to do just that.
+
+GNU Parallel, as its name suggests, can be used to build and run commands
+in parallel. You may run the same command with different arguments, whether
+they are filenames, usernames, hostnames, or lines read from files. GNU
+Parallel provides shorthand references to many of the most common operations
+(input lines, various portions of the input line, different ways to specify
+the input source, and so on). Parallel can replace @code{xargs} or feed
+commands from its input sources to several different instances of Bash.
+
+For a complete description, refer to the GNU Parallel documentation. A few
+examples should provide a brief introduction to its use.
+
+For example, it is easy to replace @code{xargs} to gzip all html files in the
+current directory and its subdirectories:
+@example
+find . -type f -name '*.html' -print | parallel gzip
+@end example
+@noindent
+If you need to protect special characters such as newlines in file names,
+use find's @option{-print0} option and parallel's @option{-0} option.
+
+You can use Parallel to move files from the current directory when the
+number of files is too large to process with one @code{mv} invocation:
+@example
+ls | parallel mv @{@} destdir
+@end example
+
+As you can see, the @{@} is replaced with each line read from standard input.
+While using @code{ls} will work in most instances, it is not sufficient to
+deal with all filenames.
+If you need to accommodate special characters in filenames, you can use
+
+@example
+find . -depth 1 \! -name '.*' -print0 | parallel -0 mv @{@} destdir
+@end example
+
+@noindent
+as alluded to above.
+
+This will run as many @code{mv} commands as there are files in the current
+directory.
+You can emulate a parallel @code{xargs} by adding the @option{-X} option:
+@example
+find . -depth 1 \! -name '.*' -print0 | parallel -0 -X mv @{@} destdir
+@end example
+
+GNU Parallel can replace certain common idioms that operate on lines read
+from a file (in this case, filenames listed one per line):
+@example
+ while IFS= read -r x; do
+ do-something1 "$x" "config-$x"
+ do-something2 < "$x"
+ done < file | process-output
+@end example
+
+@noindent
+with a more compact syntax reminiscent of lambdas:
+@example
+cat list | parallel "do-something1 @{@} config-@{@} ; do-something2 < @{@}" | process-output
+@end example
+
+Parallel provides a built-in mechanism to remove filename extensions, which
+lends itself to batch file transformations or renaming:
+@example
+ls *.gz | parallel -j+0 "zcat @{@} | bzip2 >@{.@}.bz2 && rm @{@}"
+@end example
+@noindent
+This will recompress all files in the current directory with names ending
+in .gz using bzip2, running one job per CPU (-j+0) in parallel.
+(We use @code{ls} for brevity here; using @code{find} as above is more
+robust in the face of filenames containing unexpected characters.)
+Parallel can take arguments from the command line; the above can also be
+written as
+
+@example
+parallel "zcat @{@} | bzip2 >@{.@}.bz2 && rm @{@}" ::: *.gz
+@end example
+
+If a command generates output, you may want to preserve the input order in
+the output. For instance, the following command
+@example
+@{ echo foss.org.my ; echo debian.org; echo freenetproject.org; @} | parallel traceroute
+@end example
+@noindent
+will display as output the traceroute invocation that finishes first.
+Adding the @option{-k} option
+@example
+@{ echo foss.org.my ; echo debian.org; echo freenetproject.org; @} | parallel -k traceroute
+@end example
+@noindent
+will ensure that the output of @code{traceroute foss.org.my} is displayed first.
+
+Finally, Parallel can be used to run a sequence of shell commands in parallel,
+similar to @samp{cat file | bash}.
+It is not uncommon to take a list of filenames, create a series of shell
+commands to operate on them, and feed that list of commnds to a shell.
+Parallel can speed this up. Assuming that @file{file} contains a list of
+shell commands, one per line,
+
+@example
+parallel -j 10 < file
+@end example
+
+@noindent
+will evaluate the commands using the shell (since no explicit command is
+supplied as an argument), in blocks of ten shell jobs at a time.
+
+@node Shell Functions
+@section Shell Functions
+@cindex shell function
+@cindex functions, shell
+
+Shell functions are a way to group commands for later execution
+using a single name for the group. They are executed just like
+a "regular" command.
+When the name of a shell function is used as a simple command name,
+the list of commands associated with that function name is executed.
+Shell functions are executed in the current
+shell context; no new process is created to interpret them.
+
+Functions are declared using this syntax:
+@rwindex function
+@example
+@var{name} () @var{compound-command} [ @var{redirections} ]
+@end example
+
+or
+
+@example
+function @var{name} [()] @var{compound-command} [ @var{redirections} ]
+@end example
+
+This defines a shell function named @var{name}. The reserved
+word @code{function} is optional.
+If the @code{function} reserved
+word is supplied, the parentheses are optional.
+The @var{body} of the function is the compound command
+@var{compound-command} (@pxref{Compound Commands}).
+That command is usually a @var{list} enclosed between @{ and @}, but
+may be any compound command listed above.
+@var{compound-command} is executed whenever @var{name} is specified as the
+name of a command.
+When the shell is in @sc{posix} mode (@pxref{Bash POSIX Mode}),
+@var{name} may not be the same as one of the special builtins
+(@pxref{Special Builtins}).
+Any redirections (@pxref{Redirections}) associated with the shell function
+are performed when the function is executed.
+
+A function definition may be deleted using the @option{-f} option to the
+@code{unset} builtin (@pxref{Bourne Shell Builtins}).
+
+The exit status of a function definition is zero unless a syntax error
+occurs or a readonly function with the same name already exists.
+When executed, the exit status of a function is the exit status of the
+last command executed in the body.
+
+Note that for historical reasons, in the most common usage the curly braces
+that surround the body of the function must be separated from the body by
+@code{blank}s or newlines.
+This is because the braces are reserved words and are only recognized
+as such when they are separated from the command list
+by whitespace or another shell metacharacter.
+Also, when using the braces, the @var{list} must be terminated by a semicolon,
+a @samp{&}, or a newline.
+
+When a function is executed, the arguments to the
+function become the positional parameters
+during its execution (@pxref{Positional Parameters}).
+The special parameter @samp{#} that expands to the number of
+positional parameters is updated to reflect the change.
+Special parameter @code{0} is unchanged.
+The first element of the @env{FUNCNAME} variable is set to the
+name of the function while the function is executing.
+
+All other aspects of the shell execution
+environment are identical between a function and its caller
+with these exceptions:
+the @env{DEBUG} and @env{RETURN} traps
+are not inherited unless the function has been given the
+@code{trace} attribute using the @code{declare} builtin or
+the @code{-o functrace} option has been enabled with
+the @code{set} builtin,
+(in which case all functions inherit the @env{DEBUG} and @env{RETURN} traps),
+and the @env{ERR} trap is not inherited unless the @code{-o errtrace}
+shell option has been enabled.
+@xref{Bourne Shell Builtins}, for the description of the
+@code{trap} builtin.
+
+The @env{FUNCNEST} variable, if set to a numeric value greater
+than 0, defines a maximum function nesting level. Function
+invocations that exceed the limit cause the entire command to
+abort.
+
+If the builtin command @code{return}
+is executed in a function, the function completes and
+execution resumes with the next command after the function
+call.
+Any command associated with the @code{RETURN} trap is executed
+before execution resumes.
+When a function completes, the values of the
+positional parameters and the special parameter @samp{#}
+are restored to the values they had prior to the function's
+execution. If a numeric argument is given to @code{return},
+that is the function's return status; otherwise the function's
+return status is the exit status of the last command executed
+before the @code{return}.
+
+Variables local to the function may be declared with the
+@code{local} builtin. These variables are visible only to
+the function and the commands it invokes.
+
+Function names and definitions may be listed with the
+@option{-f} option to the @code{declare} (@code{typeset})
+builtin command (@pxref{Bash Builtins}).
+The @option{-F} option to @code{declare} or @code{typeset}
+will list the function names only
+(and optionally the source file and line number, if the @code{extdebug}
+shell option is enabled).
+Functions may be exported so that subshells
+automatically have them defined with the
+@option{-f} option to the @code{export} builtin
+(@pxref{Bourne Shell Builtins}).
+Note that shell functions and variables with the same name may result
+in multiple identically-named entries in the environment passed to the
+shell's children.
+Care should be taken in cases where this may cause a problem.
+
+Functions may be recursive.
+The @code{FUNCNEST} variable may be used to limit the depth of the
+function call stack and restrict the number of function invocations.
+By default, no limit is placed on the number of recursive calls.
+
+@node Shell Parameters
+@section Shell Parameters
+@cindex parameters
+@cindex variable, shell
+@cindex shell variable
+
+@menu
+* Positional Parameters:: The shell's command-line arguments.
+* Special Parameters:: Parameters denoted by special characters.
+@end menu
+
+A @var{parameter} is an entity that stores values.
+It can be a @code{name}, a number, or one of the special characters
+listed below.
+A @var{variable} is a parameter denoted by a @code{name}.
+A variable has a @var{value} and zero or more @var{attributes}.
+Attributes are assigned using the @code{declare} builtin command
+(see the description of the @code{declare} builtin in @ref{Bash Builtins}).
+
+A parameter is set if it has been assigned a value. The null string is
+a valid value. Once a variable is set, it may be unset only by using
+the @code{unset} builtin command.
+
+A variable may be assigned to by a statement of the form
+@example
+@var{name}=[@var{value}]
+@end example
+@noindent
+If @var{value}
+is not given, the variable is assigned the null string. All
+@var{value}s undergo tilde expansion, parameter and variable expansion,
+command substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote
+removal (detailed below). If the variable has its @code{integer}
+attribute set, then @var{value}
+is evaluated as an arithmetic expression even if the @code{$((@dots{}))}
+expansion is not used (@pxref{Arithmetic Expansion}).
+Word splitting is not performed, with the exception
+of @code{"$@@"} as explained below.
+Filename expansion is not performed.
+Assignment statements may also appear as arguments to the
+@code{alias},
+@code{declare}, @code{typeset}, @code{export}, @code{readonly},
+and @code{local} builtin commands.
+When in @sc{posix} mode (@pxref{Bash POSIX Mode}), these builtins may appear
+in a command after one or more instances of the @code{command} builtin
+and retain these assignment statement properties.
+
+In the context where an assignment statement is assigning a value
+to a shell variable or array index (@pxref{Arrays}), the @samp{+=}
+operator can be used to
+append to or add to the variable's previous value.
+When @samp{+=} is applied to a variable for which the @var{integer} attribute
+has been set, @var{value} is evaluated as an arithmetic expression and
+added to the variable's current value, which is also evaluated.
+When @samp{+=} is applied to an array variable using compound assignment
+(@pxref{Arrays}), the
+variable's value is not unset (as it is when using @samp{=}), and new
+values are appended to the array beginning at one greater than the array's
+maximum index (for indexed arrays), or added as additional key-value pairs
+in an associative array.
+When applied to a string-valued variable, @var{value} is expanded and
+appended to the variable's value.
+
+A variable can be assigned the @var{nameref} attribute using the
+@option{-n} option to the \fBdeclare\fP or \fBlocal\fP builtin commands
+(@pxref{Bash Builtins})
+to create a @var{nameref}, or a reference to another variable.
+This allows variables to be manipulated indirectly.
+Whenever the nameref variable is referenced or assigned to, the operation
+is actually performed on the variable specified by the nameref variable's
+value.
+A nameref is commonly used within shell functions to refer to a variable
+whose name is passed as an argument to the function.
+For instance, if a variable name is passed to a shell function as its first
+argument, running
+@example
+declare -n ref=$1
+@end example
+@noindent
+inside the function creates a nameref variable @var{ref} whose value is
+the variable name passed as the first argument.
+References and assignments to @var{ref} are treated as references and
+assignments to the variable whose name was passed as @code{$1}.
+
+If the control variable in a @code{for} loop has the nameref attribute,
+the list of words can be a list of shell variables, and a name reference
+will be established for each word in the list, in turn, when the loop is
+executed.
+Array variables cannot be given the @option{-n} attribute.
+However, nameref variables can reference array variables and subscripted
+array variables.
+Namerefs can be unset using the @option{-n} option to the @code{unset} builtin
+(@pxref{Bourne Shell Builtins}).
+Otherwise, if @code{unset} is executed with the name of a nameref variable
+as an argument, the variable referenced by the nameref variable will be unset.
+
+@node Positional Parameters
+@subsection Positional Parameters
+@cindex parameters, positional
+
+A @var{positional parameter} is a parameter denoted by one or more
+digits, other than the single digit @code{0}. Positional parameters are
+assigned from the shell's arguments when it is invoked,
+and may be reassigned using the @code{set} builtin command.
+Positional parameter @code{N} may be referenced as @code{$@{N@}}, or
+as @code{$N} when @code{N} consists of a single digit.
+Positional parameters may not be assigned to with assignment statements.
+The @code{set} and @code{shift} builtins are used to set and
+unset them (@pxref{Shell Builtin Commands}).
+The positional parameters are
+temporarily replaced when a shell function is executed
+(@pxref{Shell Functions}).
+
+When a positional parameter consisting of more than a single
+digit is expanded, it must be enclosed in braces.
+
+@node Special Parameters
+@subsection Special Parameters
+@cindex parameters, special
+
+The shell treats several parameters specially. These parameters may
+only be referenced; assignment to them is not allowed.
+
+@vtable @code
+
+@item *
+@vindex $*
+($*) Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one.
+When the expansion is not within double quotes, each positional parameter
+expands to a separate word.
+When the expansion occurs within double quotes, it expands to a single word
+with the value of each parameter separated by the first character
+of the @env{IFS}
+special variable. That is, @code{"$*"} is equivalent
+to @code{"$1@var{c}$2@var{c}@dots{}"}, where @var{c}
+is the first character of the value of the @code{IFS}
+variable.
+If @env{IFS} is unset, the parameters are separated by spaces.
+If @env{IFS} is null, the parameters are joined without intervening
+separators.
+
+@item @@
+@vindex $@@
+($@@) Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one. When the
+expansion occurs within double quotes, each parameter expands to a
+separate word. That is, @code{"$@@"} is equivalent to
+@code{"$1" "$2" @dots{}}.
+If the double-quoted expansion occurs within a word, the expansion of
+the first parameter is joined with the beginning part of the original
+word, and the expansion of the last parameter is joined with the last
+part of the original word.
+When there are no positional parameters, @code{"$@@"} and
+@code{$@@}
+expand to nothing (i.e., they are removed).
+
+@item #
+@vindex $#
+($#) Expands to the number of positional parameters in decimal.
+
+@item ?
+@vindex $?
+($?) Expands to the exit status of the most recently executed foreground
+pipeline.
+
+@item -
+@vindex $-
+($-, a hyphen.) Expands to the current option flags as specified upon
+invocation, by the @code{set}
+builtin command, or those set by the shell itself
+(such as the @option{-i} option).
+
+@item $
+@vindex $$
+($$) Expands to the process @sc{id} of the shell. In a @code{()} subshell, it
+expands to the process @sc{id} of the invoking shell, not the subshell.
+
+@item !
+@vindex $!
+($!) Expands to the process @sc{id} of the job most recently placed into the
+background, whether executed as an asynchronous command or using
+the @code{bg} builtin (@pxref{Job Control Builtins}).
+
+@item 0
+@vindex $0
+($0) Expands to the name of the shell or shell script. This is set at
+shell initialization. If Bash is invoked with a file of commands
+(@pxref{Shell Scripts}), @code{$0} is set to the name of that file.
+If Bash is started with the @option{-c} option (@pxref{Invoking Bash}),
+then @code{$0} is set to the first argument after the string to be
+executed, if one is present. Otherwise, it is set
+to the filename used to invoke Bash, as given by argument zero.
+
+@item _
+@vindex $_
+($_, an underscore.)
+At shell startup, set to the absolute pathname used to invoke the
+shell or shell script being executed as passed in the environment
+or argument list.
+Subsequently, expands to the last argument to the previous command,
+after expansion.
+Also set to the full pathname used to invoke each command executed
+and placed in the environment exported to that command.
+When checking mail, this parameter holds the name of the mail file.
+@end vtable
+
+@node Shell Expansions
+@section Shell Expansions
+@cindex expansion
+
+Expansion is performed on the command line after it has been split into
+@code{token}s. There are seven kinds of expansion performed:
+
+@itemize @bullet
+@item brace expansion
+@item tilde expansion
+@item parameter and variable expansion
+@item command substitution
+@item arithmetic expansion
+@item word splitting
+@item filename expansion
+@end itemize
+
+@menu
+* Brace Expansion:: Expansion of expressions within braces.
+* Tilde Expansion:: Expansion of the ~ character.
+* Shell Parameter Expansion:: How Bash expands variables to their values.
+* Command Substitution:: Using the output of a command as an argument.
+* Arithmetic Expansion:: How to use arithmetic in shell expansions.
+* Process Substitution:: A way to write and read to and from a
+ command.
+* Word Splitting:: How the results of expansion are split into separate
+ arguments.
+* Filename Expansion:: A shorthand for specifying filenames matching patterns.
+* Quote Removal:: How and when quote characters are removed from
+ words.
+@end menu
+
+The order of expansions is:
+brace expansion;
+tilde expansion, parameter and variable expansion, arithmetic expansion,
+and command substitution (done in a left-to-right fashion);
+word splitting;
+and filename expansion.
+
+On systems that can support it, there is an additional expansion
+available: @var{process substitution}.
+This is performed at the
+same time as tilde, parameter, variable, and arithmetic expansion and
+command substitution.
+
+Only brace expansion, word splitting, and filename expansion
+can change the number of words of the expansion; other expansions
+expand a single word to a single word.
+The only exceptions to this are the expansions of
+@code{"$@@"} (@pxref{Special Parameters}) and @code{"$@{@var{name}[@@]@}"}
+(@pxref{Arrays}).
+
+After all expansions, @code{quote removal} (@pxref{Quote Removal})
+is performed.
+
+@node Brace Expansion
+@subsection Brace Expansion
+@cindex brace expansion
+@cindex expansion, brace
+
+Brace expansion is a mechanism by which arbitrary strings may be generated.
+This mechanism is similar to
+@var{filename expansion} (@pxref{Filename Expansion}),
+but the filenames generated need not exist.
+Patterns to be brace expanded take the form of an optional @var{preamble},
+followed by either a series of comma-separated strings or a sequence expression
+between a pair of braces,
+followed by an optional @var{postscript}.
+The preamble is prefixed to each string contained within the braces, and
+the postscript is then appended to each resulting string, expanding left
+to right.
+
+Brace expansions may be nested.
+The results of each expanded string are not sorted; left to right order
+is preserved.
+For example,
+@example
+bash$ echo a@{d,c,b@}e
+ade ace abe
+@end example
+
+A sequence expression takes the form @code{@{@var{x}..@var{y}[..@var{incr}]@}},
+where @var{x} and @var{y} are either integers or single characters,
+and @var{incr}, an optional increment, is an integer.
+When integers are supplied, the expression expands to each number between
+@var{x} and @var{y}, inclusive.
+Supplied integers may be prefixed with @samp{0} to force each term to have the
+same width.
+When either @var{x} or @var{y} begins with a zero, the shell
+attempts to force all generated terms to contain the same number of digits,
+zero-padding where necessary.
+When characters are supplied, the expression expands to each character
+lexicographically between @var{x} and @var{y}, inclusive,
+using the default C locale.
+Note that both @var{x} and @var{y} must be of the same type.
+When the increment is supplied, it is used as the difference between
+each term. The default increment is 1 or -1 as appropriate.
+
+Brace expansion is performed before any other expansions,
+and any characters special to other expansions are preserved
+in the result. It is strictly textual. Bash
+does not apply any syntactic interpretation to the context of the
+expansion or the text between the braces.
+To avoid conflicts with parameter expansion, the string @samp{$@{}
+is not considered eligible for brace expansion.
+
+A correctly-formed brace expansion must contain unquoted opening
+and closing braces, and at least one unquoted comma or a valid
+sequence expression.
+Any incorrectly formed brace expansion is left unchanged.
+
+A @{ or @samp{,} may be quoted with a backslash to prevent its
+being considered part of a brace expression.
+To avoid conflicts with parameter expansion, the string @samp{$@{}
+is not considered eligible for brace expansion.
+
+This construct is typically used as shorthand when the common
+prefix of the strings to be generated is longer than in the
+above example:
+@example
+mkdir /usr/local/src/bash/@{old,new,dist,bugs@}
+@end example
+or
+@example
+chown root /usr/@{ucb/@{ex,edit@},lib/@{ex?.?*,how_ex@}@}
+@end example
+
+@node Tilde Expansion
+@subsection Tilde Expansion
+@cindex tilde expansion
+@cindex expansion, tilde
+
+If a word begins with an unquoted tilde character (@samp{~}), all of the
+characters up to the first unquoted slash (or all characters,
+if there is no unquoted slash) are considered a @var{tilde-prefix}.
+If none of the characters in the tilde-prefix are quoted, the
+characters in the tilde-prefix following the tilde are treated as a
+possible @var{login name}.
+If this login name is the null string, the tilde is replaced with the
+value of the @env{HOME} shell variable.
+If @env{HOME} is unset, the home directory of the user executing the
+shell is substituted instead.
+Otherwise, the tilde-prefix is replaced with the home directory
+associated with the specified login name.
+
+If the tilde-prefix is @samp{~+}, the value of
+the shell variable @env{PWD} replaces the tilde-prefix.
+If the tilde-prefix is @samp{~-}, the value of the shell variable
+@env{OLDPWD}, if it is set, is substituted.
+
+If the characters following the tilde in the tilde-prefix consist of a
+number @var{N}, optionally prefixed by a @samp{+} or a @samp{-},
+the tilde-prefix is replaced with the
+corresponding element from the directory stack, as it would be displayed
+by the @code{dirs} builtin invoked with the characters following tilde
+in the tilde-prefix as an argument (@pxref{The Directory Stack}).
+If the tilde-prefix, sans the tilde, consists of a number without a
+leading @samp{+} or @samp{-}, @samp{+} is assumed.
+
+If the login name is invalid, or the tilde expansion fails, the word is
+left unchanged.
+
+Each variable assignment is checked for unquoted tilde-prefixes immediately
+following a @samp{:} or the first @samp{=}.
+In these cases, tilde expansion is also performed.
+Consequently, one may use filenames with tildes in assignments to
+@env{PATH}, @env{MAILPATH}, and @env{CDPATH},
+and the shell assigns the expanded value.
+
+The following table shows how Bash treats unquoted tilde-prefixes:
+
+@table @code
+@item ~
+The value of @code{$HOME}
+@item ~/foo
+@file{$HOME/foo}
+
+@item ~fred/foo
+The subdirectory @code{foo} of the home directory of the user
+@code{fred}
+
+@item ~+/foo
+@file{$PWD/foo}
+
+@item ~-/foo
+@file{$@{OLDPWD-'~-'@}/foo}
+
+@item ~@var{N}
+The string that would be displayed by @samp{dirs +@var{N}}
+
+@item ~+@var{N}
+The string that would be displayed by @samp{dirs +@var{N}}
+
+@item ~-@var{N}
+The string that would be displayed by @samp{dirs -@var{N}}
+@end table
+
+@node Shell Parameter Expansion
+@subsection Shell Parameter Expansion
+@cindex parameter expansion
+@cindex expansion, parameter
+
+The @samp{$} character introduces parameter expansion,
+command substitution, or arithmetic expansion. The parameter name
+or symbol to be expanded may be enclosed in braces, which
+are optional but serve to protect the variable to be expanded from
+characters immediately following it which could be
+interpreted as part of the name.
+
+When braces are used, the matching ending brace is the first @samp{@}}
+not escaped by a backslash or within a quoted string, and not within an
+embedded arithmetic expansion, command substitution, or parameter
+expansion.
+
+The basic form of parameter expansion is $@{@var{parameter}@}.
+The value of @var{parameter} is substituted.
+The @var{parameter} is a shell parameter as described above
+(@pxref{Shell Parameters}) or an array reference (@pxref{Arrays}).
+The braces are required when @var{parameter}
+is a positional parameter with more than one digit,
+or when @var{parameter} is followed by a character that is not to be
+interpreted as part of its name.
+
+If the first character of @var{parameter} is an exclamation point (!),
+it introduces a level of variable indirection.
+Bash uses the value of the variable formed from the rest of
+@var{parameter} as the name of the variable; this variable is then
+expanded and that value is used in the rest of the substitution, rather
+than the value of @var{parameter} itself.
+This is known as @code{indirect expansion}.
+The exceptions to this are the expansions of $@{!@var{prefix}*@}
+and $@{!@var{name}[@@]@}
+described below.
+The exclamation point must immediately follow the left brace in order to
+introduce indirection.
+
+In each of the cases below, @var{word} is subject to tilde expansion,
+parameter expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic expansion.
+
+When not performing substring expansion, using the form described
+below (e.g., @samp{:-}), Bash tests for a parameter that is unset or null.
+Omitting the colon results in a test only for a parameter that is unset.
+Put another way, if the colon is included,
+the operator tests for both @var{parameter}'s existence and that its value
+is not null; if the colon is omitted, the operator tests only for existence.
+
+@table @code
+
+@item $@{@var{parameter}:@minus{}@var{word}@}
+If @var{parameter} is unset or null, the expansion of
+@var{word} is substituted. Otherwise, the value of
+@var{parameter} is substituted.
+
+@item $@{@var{parameter}:=@var{word}@}
+If @var{parameter}
+is unset or null, the expansion of @var{word}
+is assigned to @var{parameter}.
+The value of @var{parameter} is then substituted.
+Positional parameters and special parameters may not be assigned to
+in this way.
+
+@item $@{@var{parameter}:?@var{word}@}
+If @var{parameter}
+is null or unset, the expansion of @var{word} (or a message
+to that effect if @var{word}
+is not present) is written to the standard error and the shell, if it
+is not interactive, exits. Otherwise, the value of @var{parameter} is
+substituted.
+
+@item $@{@var{parameter}:+@var{word}@}
+If @var{parameter}
+is null or unset, nothing is substituted, otherwise the expansion of
+@var{word} is substituted.
+
+@item $@{@var{parameter}:@var{offset}@}
+@itemx $@{@var{parameter}:@var{offset}:@var{length}@}
+This is referred to as Substring Expansion.
+It expands to up to @var{length} characters of the value of @var{parameter}
+starting at the character specified by @var{offset}.
+If @var{parameter} is @samp{@@}, an indexed array subscripted by
+@samp{@@} or @samp{*}, or an associative array name, the results differ as
+described below.
+If @var{length} is omitted, it expands to the substring of the value of
+@var{parameter} starting at the character specified by @var{offset}
+and extending to the end of the value.
+@var{length} and @var{offset} are arithmetic expressions
+(@pxref{Shell Arithmetic}).
+
+If @var{offset} evaluates to a number less than zero, the value
+is used as an offset in characters
+from the end of the value of @var{parameter}.
+If @var{length} evaluates to a number less than zero,
+it is interpreted as an offset in characters
+from the end of the value of @var{parameter} rather than
+a number of characters, and the expansion is the characters between
+@var{offset} and that result.
+Note that a negative offset must be separated from the colon by at least
+one space to avoid being confused with the @samp{:-} expansion.
+
+Here are some examples illustrating substring expansion on parameters and
+subscripted arrays:
+
+@verbatim
+$ string=01234567890abcdefgh
+$ echo ${string:7}
+7890abcdefgh
+$ echo ${string:7:0}
+
+$ echo ${string:7:2}
+78
+$ echo ${string:7:-2}
+7890abcdef
+$ echo ${string: -7}
+bcdefgh
+$ echo ${string: -7:0}
+
+$ echo ${string: -7:2}
+bc
+$ echo ${string: -7:-2}
+bcdef
+$ set -- 01234567890abcdefgh
+$ echo ${1:7}
+7890abcdefgh
+$ echo ${1:7:0}
+
+$ echo ${1:7:2}
+78
+$ echo ${1:7:-2}
+7890abcdef
+$ echo ${1: -7}
+bcdefgh
+$ echo ${1: -7:0}
+
+$ echo ${1: -7:2}
+bc
+$ echo ${1: -7:-2}
+bcdef
+$ array[0]=01234567890abcdefgh
+$ echo ${array[0]:7}
+7890abcdefgh
+$ echo ${array[0]:7:0}
+
+$ echo ${array[0]:7:2}
+78
+$ echo ${array[0]:7:-2}
+7890abcdef
+$ echo ${array[0]: -7}
+bcdefgh
+$ echo ${array[0]: -7:0}
+
+$ echo ${array[0]: -7:2}
+bc
+$ echo ${array[0]: -7:-2}
+bcdef
+@end verbatim
+
+If @var{parameter} is @samp{@@}, the result is @var{length} positional
+parameters beginning at @var{offset}.
+A negative @var{offset} is taken relative to one greater than the greatest
+positional parameter, so an offset of -1 evaluates to the last positional
+parameter.
+It is an expansion error if @var{length} evaluates to a number less than zero.
+
+The following examples illustrate substring expansion using positional
+parameters:
+
+@verbatim
+$ set -- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 a b c d e f g h
+$ echo ${@:7}
+7 8 9 0 a b c d e f g h
+$ echo ${@:7:0}
+
+$ echo ${@:7:2}
+7 8
+$ echo ${@:7:-2}
+bash: -2: substring expression < 0
+$ echo ${@: -7:2}
+b c
+$ echo ${@:0}
+./bash 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 a b c d e f g h
+$ echo ${@:0:2}
+./bash 1
+$ echo ${@: -7:0}
+
+@end verbatim
+
+If @var{parameter} is an indexed array name subscripted
+by @samp{@@} or @samp{*}, the result is the @var{length}
+members of the array beginning with @code{$@{@var{parameter}[@var{offset}]@}}.
+A negative @var{offset} is taken relative to one greater than the maximum
+index of the specified array.
+It is an expansion error if @var{length} evaluates to a number less than zero.
+
+These examples show how you can use substring expansion with indexed
+arrays:
+
+@verbatim
+$ array=(0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 a b c d e f g h)
+$ echo ${array[@]:7}
+7 8 9 0 a b c d e f g h
+$ echo ${array[@]:7:2}
+7 8
+$ echo ${array[@]: -7:2}
+b c
+$ echo ${array[@]: -7:-2}
+bash: -2: substring expression < 0
+$ echo ${array[@]:0}
+0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 a b c d e f g h
+$ echo ${array[@]:0:2}
+0 1
+$ echo ${array[@]: -7:0}
+
+@end verbatim
+
+Substring expansion applied to an associative array produces undefined
+results.
+
+Substring indexing is zero-based unless the positional parameters
+are used, in which case the indexing starts at 1 by default.
+If @var{offset} is 0, and the positional parameters are used, @code{$@@} is
+prefixed to the list.
+
+@item $@{!@var{prefix}*@}
+@itemx $@{!@var{prefix}@@@}
+Expands to the names of variables whose names begin with @var{prefix},
+separated by the first character of the @env{IFS} special variable.
+When @samp{@@} is used and the expansion appears within double quotes, each
+variable name expands to a separate word.
+
+@item $@{!@var{name}[@@]@}
+@itemx $@{!@var{name}[*]@}
+If @var{name} is an array variable, expands to the list of array indices
+(keys) assigned in @var{name}.
+If @var{name} is not an array, expands to 0 if @var{name} is set and null
+otherwise.
+When @samp{@@} is used and the expansion appears within double quotes, each
+key expands to a separate word.
+
+@item $@{#@var{parameter}@}
+The length in characters of the expanded value of @var{parameter} is
+substituted.
+If @var{parameter} is @samp{*} or @samp{@@}, the value substituted
+is the number of positional parameters.
+If @var{parameter} is an array name subscripted by @samp{*} or @samp{@@},
+the value substituted is the number of elements in the array.
+If @var{parameter}
+is an indexed array name subscripted by a negative number, that number is
+interpreted as relative to one greater than the maximum index of
+@var{parameter}, so negative indices count back from the end of the
+array, and an index of -1 references the last element.
+
+@item $@{@var{parameter}#@var{word}@}
+@itemx $@{@var{parameter}##@var{word}@}
+The @var{word}
+is expanded to produce a pattern just as in filename
+expansion (@pxref{Filename Expansion}). If the pattern matches
+the beginning of the expanded value of @var{parameter},
+then the result of the expansion is the expanded value of @var{parameter}
+with the shortest matching pattern (the @samp{#} case) or the
+longest matching pattern (the @samp{##} case) deleted.
+If @var{parameter} is @samp{@@} or @samp{*},
+the pattern removal operation is applied to each positional
+parameter in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.
+If @var{parameter} is an array variable subscripted with
+@samp{@@} or @samp{*},
+the pattern removal operation is applied to each member of the
+array in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.
+
+@item $@{@var{parameter}%@var{word}@}
+@itemx $@{@var{parameter}%%@var{word}@}
+The @var{word} is expanded to produce a pattern just as in
+filename expansion.
+If the pattern matches a trailing portion of the expanded value of
+@var{parameter}, then the result of the expansion is the value of
+@var{parameter} with the shortest matching pattern (the @samp{%} case)
+or the longest matching pattern (the @samp{%%} case) deleted.
+If @var{parameter} is @samp{@@} or @samp{*},
+the pattern removal operation is applied to each positional
+parameter in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.
+If @var{parameter}
+is an array variable subscripted with @samp{@@} or @samp{*},
+the pattern removal operation is applied to each member of the
+array in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.
+
+@item $@{@var{parameter}/@var{pattern}/@var{string}@}
+
+The @var{pattern} is expanded to produce a pattern just as in
+filename expansion.
+@var{Parameter} is expanded and the longest match of @var{pattern}
+against its value is replaced with @var{string}.
+If @var{pattern} begins with @samp{/}, all matches of @var{pattern} are
+replaced with @var{string}. Normally only the first match is replaced.
+If @var{pattern} begins with @samp{#}, it must match at the beginning
+of the expanded value of @var{parameter}.
+If @var{pattern} begins with @samp{%}, it must match at the end
+of the expanded value of @var{parameter}.
+If @var{string} is null, matches of @var{pattern} are deleted
+and the @code{/} following @var{pattern} may be omitted.
+If @var{parameter} is @samp{@@} or @samp{*},
+the substitution operation is applied to each positional
+parameter in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.
+If @var{parameter}
+is an array variable subscripted with @samp{@@} or @samp{*},
+the substitution operation is applied to each member of the
+array in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.
+
+@item $@{@var{parameter}^@var{pattern}@}
+@itemx $@{@var{parameter}^^@var{pattern}@}
+@itemx $@{@var{parameter},@var{pattern}@}
+@itemx $@{@var{parameter},,@var{pattern}@}
+This expansion modifies the case of alphabetic characters in @var{parameter}.
+The @var{pattern} is expanded to produce a pattern just as in
+filename expansion.
+Each character in the expanded value of @var{parameter} is tested against
+@var{pattern}, and, if it matches the pattern, its case is converted.
+The pattern should not attempt to match more than one character.
+The @samp{^} operator converts lowercase letters matching @var{pattern}
+to uppercase; the @samp{,} operator converts matching uppercase letters
+to lowercase.
+The @samp{^^} and @samp{,,} expansions convert each matched character in the
+expanded value; the @samp{^} and @samp{,} expansions match and convert only
+the first character in the expanded value.
+If @var{pattern} is omitted, it is treated like a @samp{?}, which matches
+every character.
+If @var{parameter} is @samp{@@} or @samp{*},
+the case modification operation is applied to each positional
+parameter in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.
+If @var{parameter}
+is an array variable subscripted with @samp{@@} or @samp{*},
+the case modification operation is applied to each member of the
+array in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.
+@end table
+
+@node Command Substitution
+@subsection Command Substitution
+@cindex command substitution
+
+Command substitution allows the output of a command to replace
+the command itself.
+Command substitution occurs when a command is enclosed as follows:
+@example
+$(@var{command})
+@end example
+@noindent
+or
+@example
+`@var{command}`
+@end example
+
+@noindent
+Bash performs the expansion by executing @var{command} and
+replacing the command substitution with the standard output of the
+command, with any trailing newlines deleted.
+Embedded newlines are not deleted, but they may be removed during
+word splitting.
+The command substitution @code{$(cat @var{file})} can be
+replaced by the equivalent but faster @code{$(< @var{file})}.
+
+When the old-style backquote form of substitution is used,
+backslash retains its literal meaning except when followed by
+@samp{$}, @samp{`}, or @samp{\}.
+The first backquote not preceded by a backslash terminates the
+command substitution.
+When using the @code{$(@var{command})} form, all characters between
+the parentheses make up the command; none are treated specially.
+
+Command substitutions may be nested. To nest when using the backquoted
+form, escape the inner backquotes with backslashes.
+
+If the substitution appears within double quotes, word splitting and
+filename expansion are not performed on the results.
+
+@node Arithmetic Expansion
+@subsection Arithmetic Expansion
+@cindex expansion, arithmetic
+@cindex arithmetic expansion
+
+Arithmetic expansion allows the evaluation of an arithmetic expression
+and the substitution of the result. The format for arithmetic expansion is:
+
+@example
+$(( @var{expression} ))
+@end example
+
+The expression is treated as if it were within double quotes, but
+a double quote inside the parentheses is not treated specially.
+All tokens in the expression undergo parameter and variable expansion,
+command substitution, and quote removal.
+The result is treated as the arithmetic expression to be evaluated.
+Arithmetic expansions may be nested.
+
+The evaluation is performed according to the rules listed below
+(@pxref{Shell Arithmetic}).
+If the expression is invalid, Bash prints a message indicating
+failure to the standard error and no substitution occurs.
+
+@node Process Substitution
+@subsection Process Substitution
+@cindex process substitution
+
+Process substitution is supported on systems that support named
+pipes (@sc{fifo}s) or the @file{/dev/fd} method of naming open files.
+It takes the form of
+@example
+<(@var{list})
+@end example
+@noindent
+or
+@example
+>(@var{list})
+@end example
+@noindent
+The process @var{list} is run with its input or output connected to a
+@sc{fifo} or some file in @file{/dev/fd}. The name of this file is
+passed as an argument to the current command as the result of the
+expansion. If the @code{>(@var{list})} form is used, writing to
+the file will provide input for @var{list}. If the
+@code{<(@var{list})} form is used, the file passed as an
+argument should be read to obtain the output of @var{list}.
+Note that no space may appear between the @code{<} or @code{>}
+and the left parenthesis, otherwise the construct would be interpreted
+as a redirection.
+
+When available, process substitution is performed simultaneously with
+parameter and variable expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic
+expansion.
+
+@node Word Splitting
+@subsection Word Splitting
+@cindex word splitting
+
+The shell scans the results of parameter expansion, command substitution,
+and arithmetic expansion that did not occur within double quotes for
+word splitting.
+
+The shell treats each character of @env{$IFS} as a delimiter, and splits
+the results of the other expansions into words using these characters
+as field terminators.
+If @env{IFS} is unset, or its value is exactly @code{<space><tab><newline>},
+the default, then sequences of
+@code{ <space>}, @code{<tab>}, and @code{<newline>}
+at the beginning and end of the results of the previous
+expansions are ignored, and any sequence of @env{IFS}
+characters not at the beginning or end serves to delimit words.
+If @env{IFS} has a value other than the default, then sequences of
+the whitespace characters @code{space} and @code{tab}
+are ignored at the beginning and end of the
+word, as long as the whitespace character is in the
+value of @env{IFS} (an @env{IFS} whitespace character).
+Any character in @env{IFS} that is not @env{IFS}
+whitespace, along with any adjacent @env{IFS}
+whitespace characters, delimits a field. A sequence of @env{IFS}
+whitespace characters is also treated as a delimiter.
+If the value of @env{IFS} is null, no word splitting occurs.
+
+Explicit null arguments (@code{""} or @code{''}) are retained.
+Unquoted implicit null arguments, resulting from the expansion of
+parameters that have no values, are removed.
+If a parameter with no value is expanded within double quotes, a
+null argument results and is retained.
+
+Note that if no expansion occurs, no splitting
+is performed.
+
+@node Filename Expansion
+@subsection Filename Expansion
+@menu
+* Pattern Matching:: How the shell matches patterns.
+@end menu
+@cindex expansion, filename
+@cindex expansion, pathname
+@cindex filename expansion
+@cindex pathname expansion
+
+After word splitting, unless the @option{-f} option has been set
+(@pxref{The Set Builtin}), Bash scans each word for the characters
+@samp{*}, @samp{?}, and @samp{[}.
+If one of these characters appears, then the word is
+regarded as a @var{pattern},
+and replaced with an alphabetically sorted list of
+filenames matching the pattern (@pxref{Pattern Matching}).
+If no matching filenames are found,
+and the shell option @code{nullglob} is disabled, the word is left
+unchanged.
+If the @code{nullglob} option is set, and no matches are found, the word
+is removed.
+If the @code{failglob} shell option is set, and no matches are found,
+an error message is printed and the command is not executed.
+If the shell option @code{nocaseglob} is enabled, the match is performed
+without regard to the case of alphabetic characters.
+
+When a pattern is used for filename expansion, the character @samp{.}
+at the start of a filename or immediately following a slash
+must be matched explicitly, unless the shell option @code{dotglob} is set.
+When matching a filename, the slash character must always be
+matched explicitly.
+In other cases, the @samp{.} character is not treated specially.
+
+See the description of @code{shopt} in @ref{The Shopt Builtin},
+for a description of the @code{nocaseglob}, @code{nullglob},
+@code{failglob}, and @code{dotglob} options.
+
+The @env{GLOBIGNORE}
+shell variable may be used to restrict the set of filenames matching a
+pattern. If @env{GLOBIGNORE}
+is set, each matching filename that also matches one of the patterns in
+@env{GLOBIGNORE} is removed from the list of matches. The filenames
+@file{.} and @file{..}
+are always ignored when @env{GLOBIGNORE}
+is set and not null.
+However, setting @env{GLOBIGNORE} to a non-null value has the effect of
+enabling the @code{dotglob}
+shell option, so all other filenames beginning with a
+@samp{.} will match.
+To get the old behavior of ignoring filenames beginning with a
+@samp{.}, make @samp{.*} one of the patterns in @env{GLOBIGNORE}.
+The @code{dotglob} option is disabled when @env{GLOBIGNORE}
+is unset.
+
+@node Pattern Matching
+@subsubsection Pattern Matching
+@cindex pattern matching
+@cindex matching, pattern
+
+Any character that appears in a pattern, other than the special pattern
+characters described below, matches itself.
+The @sc{nul} character may not occur in a pattern.
+A backslash escapes the following character; the
+escaping backslash is discarded when matching.
+The special pattern characters must be quoted if they are to be matched
+literally.
+
+The special pattern characters have the following meanings:
+@table @code
+@item *
+Matches any string, including the null string.
+When the @code{globstar} shell option is enabled, and @samp{*} is used in
+a filename expansion context, two adjacent @samp{*}s used as a single
+pattern will match all files and zero or more directories and
+subdirectories.
+If followed by a @samp{/}, two adjacent @samp{*}s will match only
+directories and subdirectories.
+@item ?
+Matches any single character.
+@item [@dots{}]
+Matches any one of the enclosed characters. A pair of characters
+separated by a hyphen denotes a @var{range expression};
+any character that falls between those two characters, inclusive,
+using the current locale's collating sequence and character set,
+is matched. If the first character following the
+@samp{[} is a @samp{!} or a @samp{^}
+then any character not enclosed is matched. A @samp{@minus{}}
+may be matched by including it as the first or last character
+in the set. A @samp{]} may be matched by including it as the first
+character in the set.
+The sorting order of characters in range expressions is determined by
+the current locale and the values of the
+@env{LC_COLLATE} and @env{LC_ALL} shell variables, if set.
+
+For example, in the default C locale, @samp{[a-dx-z]} is equivalent to
+@samp{[abcdxyz]}. Many locales sort characters in dictionary order, and in
+these locales @samp{[a-dx-z]} is typically not equivalent to @samp{[abcdxyz]};
+it might be equivalent to @samp{[aBbCcDdxXyYz]}, for example. To obtain
+the traditional interpretation of ranges in bracket expressions, you can
+force the use of the C locale by setting the @env{LC_COLLATE} or
+@env{LC_ALL} environment variable to the value @samp{C}, or enable the
+@code{globasciiranges} shell option.
+
+Within @samp{[} and @samp{]}, @var{character classes} can be specified
+using the syntax
+@code{[:}@var{class}@code{:]}, where @var{class} is one of the
+following classes defined in the @sc{posix} standard:
+@example
+alnum alpha ascii blank cntrl digit graph lower
+print punct space upper word xdigit
+@end example
+@noindent
+A character class matches any character belonging to that class.
+The @code{word} character class matches letters, digits, and the character
+@samp{_}.
+
+Within @samp{[} and @samp{]}, an @var{equivalence class} can be
+specified using the syntax @code{[=}@var{c}@code{=]}, which
+matches all characters with the same collation weight (as defined
+by the current locale) as the character @var{c}.
+
+Within @samp{[} and @samp{]}, the syntax @code{[.}@var{symbol}@code{.]}
+matches the collating symbol @var{symbol}.
+@end table
+
+If the @code{extglob} shell option is enabled using the @code{shopt}
+builtin, several extended pattern matching operators are recognized.
+In the following description, a @var{pattern-list} is a list of one
+or more patterns separated by a @samp{|}.
+Composite patterns may be formed using one or more of the following
+sub-patterns:
+
+@table @code
+@item ?(@var{pattern-list})
+Matches zero or one occurrence of the given patterns.
+
+@item *(@var{pattern-list})
+Matches zero or more occurrences of the given patterns.
+
+@item +(@var{pattern-list})
+Matches one or more occurrences of the given patterns.
+
+@item @@(@var{pattern-list})
+Matches one of the given patterns.
+
+@item !(@var{pattern-list})
+Matches anything except one of the given patterns.
+@end table
+
+@node Quote Removal
+@subsection Quote Removal
+
+After the preceding expansions, all unquoted occurrences of the
+characters @samp{\}, @samp{'}, and @samp{"} that did not
+result from one of the above expansions are removed.
+
+@node Redirections
+@section Redirections
+@cindex redirection
+
+Before a command is executed, its input and output
+may be @var{redirected}
+using a special notation interpreted by the shell.
+Redirection allows commands' file handles to be
+duplicated, opened, closed,
+made to refer to different files,
+and can change the files the command reads from and writes to.
+Redirection may also be used to modify file handles in the
+current shell execution environment. The following redirection
+operators may precede or appear anywhere within a
+simple command or may follow a command.
+Redirections are processed in the order they appear, from
+left to right.
+
+Each redirection that may be preceded by a file descriptor number
+may instead be preceded by a word of the form @{@var{varname}@}.
+In this case, for each redirection operator except
+>&- and <&-, the shell will allocate a file descriptor greater
+than 10 and assign it to @{@var{varname}@}. If >&- or <&- is preceded
+by @{@var{varname}@}, the value of @var{varname} defines the file
+descriptor to close.
+
+In the following descriptions, if the file descriptor number is
+omitted, and the first character of the redirection operator is
+@samp{<}, the redirection refers to the standard input (file
+descriptor 0). If the first character of the redirection operator
+is @samp{>}, the redirection refers to the standard output (file
+descriptor 1).
+
+The word following the redirection operator in the following
+descriptions, unless otherwise noted, is subjected to brace expansion,
+tilde expansion, parameter expansion, command substitution, arithmetic
+expansion, quote removal, filename expansion, and word splitting.
+If it expands to more than one word, Bash reports an error.
+
+Note that the order of redirections is significant. For example,
+the command
+@example
+ls > @var{dirlist} 2>&1
+@end example
+@noindent
+directs both standard output (file descriptor 1) and standard error
+(file descriptor 2) to the file @var{dirlist}, while the command
+@example
+ls 2>&1 > @var{dirlist}
+@end example
+@noindent
+directs only the standard output to file @var{dirlist},
+because the standard error was made a copy of the standard output
+before the standard output was redirected to @var{dirlist}.
+
+Bash handles several filenames specially when they are used in
+redirections, as described in the following table:
+
+@table @code
+@item /dev/fd/@var{fd}
+If @var{fd} is a valid integer, file descriptor @var{fd} is duplicated.
+
+@item /dev/stdin
+File descriptor 0 is duplicated.
+
+@item /dev/stdout
+File descriptor 1 is duplicated.
+
+@item /dev/stderr
+File descriptor 2 is duplicated.
+
+@item /dev/tcp/@var{host}/@var{port}
+If @var{host} is a valid hostname or Internet address, and @var{port}
+is an integer port number or service name, Bash attempts to open
+the corresponding TCP socket.
+
+@item /dev/udp/@var{host}/@var{port}
+If @var{host} is a valid hostname or Internet address, and @var{port}
+is an integer port number or service name, Bash attempts to open
+the corresponding UDP socket.
+@end table
+
+A failure to open or create a file causes the redirection to fail.
+
+Redirections using file descriptors greater than 9 should be used with
+care, as they may conflict with file descriptors the shell uses
+internally.
+
+@subsection Redirecting Input
+Redirection of input causes the file whose name results from
+the expansion of @var{word}
+to be opened for reading on file descriptor @code{n},
+or the standard input (file descriptor 0) if @code{n}
+is not specified.
+
+The general format for redirecting input is:
+@example
+[@var{n}]<@var{word}
+@end example
+
+@subsection Redirecting Output
+Redirection of output causes the file whose name results from
+the expansion of @var{word}
+to be opened for writing on file descriptor @var{n},
+or the standard output (file descriptor 1) if @var{n}
+is not specified. If the file does not exist it is created;
+if it does exist it is truncated to zero size.
+
+The general format for redirecting output is:
+@example
+[@var{n}]>[|]@var{word}
+@end example
+
+If the redirection operator is @samp{>}, and the @code{noclobber}
+option to the @code{set} builtin has been enabled, the redirection
+will fail if the file whose name results from the expansion of
+@var{word} exists and is a regular file.
+If the redirection operator is @samp{>|}, or the redirection operator is
+@samp{>} and the @code{noclobber} option is not enabled, the redirection
+is attempted even if the file named by @var{word} exists.
+
+@subsection Appending Redirected Output
+Redirection of output in this fashion
+causes the file whose name results from
+the expansion of @var{word}
+to be opened for appending on file descriptor @var{n},
+or the standard output (file descriptor 1) if @var{n}
+is not specified. If the file does not exist it is created.
+
+The general format for appending output is:
+@example
+[@var{n}]>>@var{word}
+@end example
+
+@subsection Redirecting Standard Output and Standard Error
+This construct allows both the
+standard output (file descriptor 1) and
+the standard error output (file descriptor 2)
+to be redirected to the file whose name is the
+expansion of @var{word}.
+
+There are two formats for redirecting standard output and
+standard error:
+@example
+&>@var{word}
+@end example
+@noindent
+and
+@example
+>&@var{word}
+@end example
+@noindent
+Of the two forms, the first is preferred.
+This is semantically equivalent to
+@example
+>@var{word} 2>&1
+@end example
+When using the second form, @var{word} may not expand to a number or
+@samp{-}. If it does, other redirection operators apply
+(see Duplicating File Descriptors below) for compatibility reasons.
+
+@subsection Appending Standard Output and Standard Error
+This construct allows both the
+standard output (file descriptor 1) and
+the standard error output (file descriptor 2)
+to be appended to the file whose name is the
+expansion of @var{word}.
+
+The format for appending standard output and standard error is:
+@example
+&>>@var{word}
+@end example
+@noindent
+This is semantically equivalent to
+@example
+>>@var{word} 2>&1
+@end example
+(see Duplicating File Descriptors below).
+
+@subsection Here Documents
+This type of redirection instructs the shell to read input from the
+current source until a line containing only @var{word}
+(with no trailing blanks) is seen. All of
+the lines read up to that point are then used as the standard
+input for a command.
+
+The format of here-documents is:
+@example
+<<[@minus{}]@var{word}
+ @var{here-document}
+@var{delimiter}
+@end example
+
+No parameter and variable expansion, command substitution,
+arithmetic expansion, or filename expansion is performed on
+@var{word}. If any characters in @var{word} are quoted, the
+@var{delimiter} is the result of quote removal on @var{word},
+and the lines in the here-document are not expanded.
+If @var{word} is unquoted,
+all lines of the here-document are subjected to
+parameter expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic expansion,
+the character sequence @code{\newline} is ignored, and @samp{\}
+must be used to quote the characters
+@samp{\}, @samp{$}, and @samp{`}.
+
+If the redirection operator is @samp{<<-},
+then all leading tab characters are stripped from input lines and the
+line containing @var{delimiter}.
+This allows here-documents within shell scripts to be indented in a
+natural fashion.
+
+@subsection Here Strings
+A variant of here documents, the format is:
+@example
+<<< @var{word}
+@end example
+
+The @var{word} undergoes
+brace expansion, tilde expansion, parameter and variable expansion,
+command substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote removal.
+Pathname expansion and word splitting are not performed.
+The result is supplied as a single string to the command on its
+standard input.
+
+@subsection Duplicating File Descriptors
+The redirection operator
+@example
+[@var{n}]<&@var{word}
+@end example
+@noindent
+is used to duplicate input file descriptors.
+If @var{word}
+expands to one or more digits, the file descriptor denoted by @var{n}
+is made to be a copy of that file descriptor.
+If the digits in @var{word} do not specify a file descriptor open for
+input, a redirection error occurs.
+If @var{word}
+evaluates to @samp{-}, file descriptor @var{n} is closed.
+If @var{n} is not specified, the standard input (file descriptor 0) is used.
+
+The operator
+@example
+[@var{n}]>&@var{word}
+@end example
+@noindent
+is used similarly to duplicate output file descriptors. If
+@var{n} is not specified, the standard output (file descriptor 1) is used.
+If the digits in @var{word} do not specify a file descriptor open for
+output, a redirection error occurs.
+If @var{word}
+evaluates to @samp{-}, file descriptor @var{n} is closed.
+As a special case, if @var{n} is omitted, and @var{word} does not
+expand to one or more digits or @samp{-}, the standard output and standard
+error are redirected as described previously.
+
+@subsection Moving File Descriptors
+The redirection operator
+@example
+[@var{n}]<&@var{digit}-
+@end example
+@noindent
+moves the file descriptor @var{digit} to file descriptor @var{n},
+or the standard input (file descriptor 0) if @var{n} is not specified.
+@var{digit} is closed after being duplicated to @var{n}.
+
+Similarly, the redirection operator
+@example
+[@var{n}]>&@var{digit}-
+@end example
+@noindent
+moves the file descriptor @var{digit} to file descriptor @var{n},
+or the standard output (file descriptor 1) if @var{n} is not specified.
+
+@subsection Opening File Descriptors for Reading and Writing
+The redirection operator
+@example
+[@var{n}]<>@var{word}
+@end example
+@noindent
+causes the file whose name is the expansion of @var{word}
+to be opened for both reading and writing on file descriptor
+@var{n}, or on file descriptor 0 if @var{n}
+is not specified. If the file does not exist, it is created.
+
+@node Executing Commands
+@section Executing Commands
+
+@menu
+* Simple Command Expansion:: How Bash expands simple commands before
+ executing them.
+* Command Search and Execution:: How Bash finds commands and runs them.
+* Command Execution Environment:: The environment in which Bash
+ executes commands that are not
+ shell builtins.
+* Environment:: The environment given to a command.
+* Exit Status:: The status returned by commands and how Bash
+ interprets it.
+* Signals:: What happens when Bash or a command it runs
+ receives a signal.
+@end menu
+
+@node Simple Command Expansion
+@subsection Simple Command Expansion
+@cindex command expansion
+
+When a simple command is executed, the shell performs the following
+expansions, assignments, and redirections, from left to right.
+
+@enumerate
+@item
+The words that the parser has marked as variable assignments (those
+preceding the command name) and redirections are saved for later
+processing.
+
+@item
+The words that are not variable assignments or redirections are
+expanded (@pxref{Shell Expansions}).
+If any words remain after expansion, the first word
+is taken to be the name of the command and the remaining words are
+the arguments.
+
+@item
+Redirections are performed as described above (@pxref{Redirections}).
+
+@item
+The text after the @samp{=} in each variable assignment undergoes tilde
+expansion, parameter expansion, command substitution, arithmetic expansion,
+and quote removal before being assigned to the variable.
+@end enumerate
+
+If no command name results, the variable assignments affect the current
+shell environment. Otherwise, the variables are added to the environment
+of the executed command and do not affect the current shell environment.
+If any of the assignments attempts to assign a value to a readonly variable,
+an error occurs, and the command exits with a non-zero status.
+
+If no command name results, redirections are performed, but do not
+affect the current shell environment. A redirection error causes the
+command to exit with a non-zero status.
+
+If there is a command name left after expansion, execution proceeds as
+described below. Otherwise, the command exits. If one of the expansions
+contained a command substitution, the exit status of the command is
+the exit status of the last command substitution performed. If there
+were no command substitutions, the command exits with a status of zero.
+
+@node Command Search and Execution
+@subsection Command Search and Execution
+@cindex command execution
+@cindex command search
+
+After a command has been split into words, if it results in a
+simple command and an optional list of arguments, the following
+actions are taken.
+
+@enumerate
+@item
+If the command name contains no slashes, the shell attempts to
+locate it. If there exists a shell function by that name, that
+function is invoked as described in @ref{Shell Functions}.
+
+@item
+If the name does not match a function, the shell searches for
+it in the list of shell builtins. If a match is found, that
+builtin is invoked.
+
+@item
+If the name is neither a shell function nor a builtin,
+and contains no slashes, Bash searches each element of
+@env{$PATH} for a directory containing an executable file
+by that name. Bash uses a hash table to remember the full
+pathnames of executable files to avoid multiple @env{PATH} searches
+(see the description of @code{hash} in @ref{Bourne Shell Builtins}).
+A full search of the directories in @env{$PATH}
+is performed only if the command is not found in the hash table.
+If the search is unsuccessful, the shell searches for a defined shell
+function named @code{command_not_found_handle}.
+If that function exists, it is invoked with the original command and
+the original command's arguments as its arguments, and the function's
+exit status becomes the exit status of the shell.
+If that function is not defined, the shell prints an error
+message and returns an exit status of 127.
+
+@item
+If the search is successful, or if the command name contains
+one or more slashes, the shell executes the named program in
+a separate execution environment.
+Argument 0 is set to the name given, and the remaining arguments
+to the command are set to the arguments supplied, if any.
+
+@item
+If this execution fails because the file is not in executable
+format, and the file is not a directory, it is assumed to be a
+@var{shell script} and the shell executes it as described in
+@ref{Shell Scripts}.
+
+@item
+If the command was not begun asynchronously, the shell waits for
+the command to complete and collects its exit status.
+
+@end enumerate
+
+@node Command Execution Environment
+@subsection Command Execution Environment
+@cindex execution environment
+
+The shell has an @var{execution environment}, which consists of the
+following:
+
+@itemize @bullet
+@item
+open files inherited by the shell at invocation, as modified by
+redirections supplied to the @code{exec} builtin
+
+@item
+the current working directory as set by @code{cd}, @code{pushd}, or
+@code{popd}, or inherited by the shell at invocation
+
+@item
+the file creation mode mask as set by @code{umask} or inherited from
+the shell's parent
+
+@item
+current traps set by @code{trap}
+
+@item
+shell parameters that are set by variable assignment or with @code{set}
+or inherited from the shell's parent in the environment
+
+@item
+shell functions defined during execution or inherited from the shell's
+parent in the environment
+
+@item
+options enabled at invocation (either by default or with command-line
+arguments) or by @code{set}
+
+@item
+options enabled by @code{shopt} (@pxref{The Shopt Builtin})
+
+@item
+shell aliases defined with @code{alias} (@pxref{Aliases})
+
+@item
+various process @sc{id}s, including those of background jobs
+(@pxref{Lists}), the value of @code{$$}, and the value of
+@env{$PPID}
+
+@end itemize
+
+When a simple command other than a builtin or shell function
+is to be executed, it
+is invoked in a separate execution environment that consists of
+the following. Unless otherwise noted, the values are inherited
+from the shell.
+
+@itemize @bullet
+@item
+the shell's open files, plus any modifications and additions specified
+by redirections to the command
+
+@item
+the current working directory
+
+@item
+the file creation mode mask
+
+@item
+shell variables and functions marked for export, along with variables
+exported for the command, passed in the environment (@pxref{Environment})
+
+@item
+traps caught by the shell are reset to the values inherited from the
+shell's parent, and traps ignored by the shell are ignored
+
+@end itemize
+
+A command invoked in this separate environment cannot affect the
+shell's execution environment.
+
+Command substitution, commands grouped with parentheses,
+and asynchronous commands are invoked in a
+subshell environment that is a duplicate of the shell environment,
+except that traps caught by the shell are reset to the values
+that the shell inherited from its parent at invocation. Builtin
+commands that are invoked as part of a pipeline are also executed
+in a subshell environment. Changes made to the subshell environment
+cannot affect the shell's execution environment.
+
+Subshells spawned to execute command substitutions inherit the value of
+the @option{-e} option from the parent shell. When not in @sc{posix} mode,
+Bash clears the @option{-e} option in such subshells.
+
+If a command is followed by a @samp{&} and job control is not active, the
+default standard input for the command is the empty file @file{/dev/null}.
+Otherwise, the invoked command inherits the file descriptors of the calling
+shell as modified by redirections.
+
+@node Environment
+@subsection Environment
+@cindex environment
+
+When a program is invoked it is given an array of strings
+called the @var{environment}.
+This is a list of name-value pairs, of the form @code{name=value}.
+
+Bash provides several ways to manipulate the environment.
+On invocation, the shell scans its own environment and
+creates a parameter for each name found, automatically marking
+it for @var{export}
+to child processes. Executed commands inherit the environment.
+The @code{export} and @samp{declare -x}
+commands allow parameters and functions to be added to and
+deleted from the environment. If the value of a parameter
+in the environment is modified, the new value becomes part
+of the environment, replacing the old. The environment
+inherited by any executed command consists of the shell's
+initial environment, whose values may be modified in the shell,
+less any pairs removed by the @code{unset} and @samp{export -n}
+commands, plus any additions via the @code{export} and
+@samp{declare -x} commands.
+
+The environment for any simple command
+or function may be augmented temporarily by prefixing it with
+parameter assignments, as described in @ref{Shell Parameters}.
+These assignment statements affect only the environment seen
+by that command.
+
+If the @option{-k} option is set (@pxref{The Set Builtin}), then all
+parameter assignments are placed in the environment for a command,
+not just those that precede the command name.
+
+When Bash invokes an external command, the variable @samp{$_}
+is set to the full pathname of the command and passed to that
+command in its environment.
+
+@node Exit Status
+@subsection Exit Status
+@cindex exit status
+
+The exit status of an executed command is the value returned by the
+@var{waitpid} system call or equivalent function. Exit statuses
+fall between 0 and 255, though, as explained below, the shell may
+use values above 125 specially. Exit statuses from shell builtins and
+compound commands are also limited to this range. Under certain
+circumstances, the shell will use special values to indicate specific
+failure modes.
+
+For the shell's purposes, a command which exits with a
+zero exit status has succeeded.
+A non-zero exit status indicates failure.
+This seemingly counter-intuitive scheme is used so there
+is one well-defined way to indicate success and a variety of
+ways to indicate various failure modes.
+When a command terminates on a fatal signal whose number is @var{N},
+Bash uses the value 128+@var{N} as the exit status.
+
+If a command is not found, the child process created to
+execute it returns a status of 127. If a command is found
+but is not executable, the return status is 126.
+
+If a command fails because of an error during expansion or redirection,
+the exit status is greater than zero.
+
+The exit status is used by the Bash conditional commands
+(@pxref{Conditional Constructs}) and some of the list
+constructs (@pxref{Lists}).
+
+All of the Bash builtins return an exit status of zero if they succeed
+and a non-zero status on failure, so they may be used by the
+conditional and list constructs.
+All builtins return an exit status of 2 to indicate incorrect usage.
+
+@node Signals
+@subsection Signals
+@cindex signal handling
+
+When Bash is interactive, in the absence of any traps, it ignores
+@code{SIGTERM} (so that @samp{kill 0} does not kill an interactive shell),
+and @code{SIGINT}
+is caught and handled (so that the @code{wait} builtin is interruptible).
+When Bash receives a @code{SIGINT}, it breaks out of any executing loops.
+In all cases, Bash ignores @code{SIGQUIT}.
+If job control is in effect (@pxref{Job Control}), Bash
+ignores @code{SIGTTIN}, @code{SIGTTOU}, and @code{SIGTSTP}.
+
+Non-builtin commands started by Bash have signal handlers set to the
+values inherited by the shell from its parent.
+When job control is not in effect, asynchronous commands
+ignore @code{SIGINT} and @code{SIGQUIT} in addition to these inherited
+handlers.
+Commands run as a result of
+command substitution ignore the keyboard-generated job control signals
+@code{SIGTTIN}, @code{SIGTTOU}, and @code{SIGTSTP}.
+
+The shell exits by default upon receipt of a @code{SIGHUP}.
+Before exiting, an interactive shell resends the @code{SIGHUP} to
+all jobs, running or stopped.
+Stopped jobs are sent @code{SIGCONT} to ensure that they receive
+the @code{SIGHUP}.
+To prevent the shell from sending the @code{SIGHUP} signal to a
+particular job, it should be removed
+from the jobs table with the @code{disown}
+builtin (@pxref{Job Control Builtins}) or marked
+to not receive @code{SIGHUP} using @code{disown -h}.
+
+If the @code{huponexit} shell option has been set with @code{shopt}
+(@pxref{The Shopt Builtin}), Bash sends a @code{SIGHUP} to all jobs when
+an interactive login shell exits.
+
+If Bash is waiting for a command to complete and receives a signal
+for which a trap has been set, the trap will not be executed until
+the command completes.
+When Bash is waiting for an asynchronous
+command via the @code{wait} builtin, the reception of a signal for
+which a trap has been set will cause the @code{wait} builtin to return
+immediately with an exit status greater than 128, immediately after
+which the trap is executed.
+
+@node Shell Scripts
+@section Shell Scripts
+@cindex shell script
+
+A shell script is a text file containing shell commands. When such
+a file is used as the first non-option argument when invoking Bash,
+and neither the @option{-c} nor @option{-s} option is supplied
+(@pxref{Invoking Bash}),
+Bash reads and executes commands from the file, then exits. This
+mode of operation creates a non-interactive shell. The shell first
+searches for the file in the current directory, and looks in the
+directories in @env{$PATH} if not found there.
+
+When Bash runs
+a shell script, it sets the special parameter @code{0} to the name
+of the file, rather than the name of the shell, and the positional
+parameters are set to the remaining arguments, if any are given.
+If no additional arguments are supplied, the positional parameters
+are unset.
+
+A shell script may be made executable by using the @code{chmod} command
+to turn on the execute bit. When Bash finds such a file while
+searching the @env{$PATH} for a command, it spawns a subshell to
+execute it. In other words, executing
+@example
+filename @var{arguments}
+@end example
+@noindent
+is equivalent to executing
+@example
+bash filename @var{arguments}
+@end example
+
+@noindent
+if @code{filename} is an executable shell script.
+This subshell reinitializes itself, so that the effect is as if a
+new shell had been invoked to interpret the script, with the
+exception that the locations of commands remembered by the parent
+(see the description of @code{hash} in @ref{Bourne Shell Builtins})
+are retained by the child.
+
+Most versions of Unix make this a part of the operating system's command
+execution mechanism. If the first line of a script begins with
+the two characters @samp{#!}, the remainder of the line specifies
+an interpreter for the program.
+Thus, you can specify Bash, @code{awk}, Perl, or some other
+interpreter and write the rest of the script file in that language.
+
+The arguments to the interpreter
+consist of a single optional argument following the interpreter
+name on the first line of the script file, followed by the name of
+the script file, followed by the rest of the arguments. Bash
+will perform this action on operating systems that do not handle it
+themselves. Note that some older versions of Unix limit the interpreter
+name and argument to a maximum of 32 characters.
+
+Bash scripts often begin with @code{#! /bin/bash} (assuming that
+Bash has been installed in @file{/bin}), since this ensures that
+Bash will be used to interpret the script, even if it is executed
+under another shell.
+
+@node Shell Builtin Commands
+@chapter Shell Builtin Commands
+
+@menu
+* Bourne Shell Builtins:: Builtin commands inherited from the Bourne
+ Shell.
+* Bash Builtins:: Table of builtins specific to Bash.
+* Modifying Shell Behavior:: Builtins to modify shell attributes and
+ optional behavior.
+* Special Builtins:: Builtin commands classified specially by
+ POSIX.
+@end menu
+
+Builtin commands are contained within the shell itself.
+When the name of a builtin command is used as the first word of
+a simple command (@pxref{Simple Commands}), the shell executes
+the command directly, without invoking another program.
+Builtin commands are necessary to implement functionality impossible
+or inconvenient to obtain with separate utilities.
+
+This section briefly describes the builtins which Bash inherits from
+the Bourne Shell, as well as the builtin commands which are unique
+to or have been extended in Bash.
+
+Several builtin commands are described in other chapters: builtin
+commands which provide the Bash interface to the job control
+facilities (@pxref{Job Control Builtins}), the directory stack
+(@pxref{Directory Stack Builtins}), the command history
+(@pxref{Bash History Builtins}), and the programmable completion
+facilities (@pxref{Programmable Completion Builtins}).
+
+Many of the builtins have been extended by @sc{posix} or Bash.
+
+Unless otherwise noted, each builtin command documented as accepting
+options preceded by @samp{-} accepts @samp{--}
+to signify the end of the options.
+The @code{:}, @code{true}, @code{false}, and @code{test}
+builtins do not accept options and do not treat @samp{--} specially.
+The @code{exit}, @code{logout}, @code{break}, @code{continue}, @code{let},
+and @code{shift} builtins accept and process arguments beginning
+with @samp{-} without requiring @samp{--}.
+Other builtins that accept arguments but are not specified as accepting
+options interpret arguments beginning with @samp{-} as invalid options and
+require @samp{--} to prevent this interpretation.
+
+@node Bourne Shell Builtins
+@section Bourne Shell Builtins
+
+The following shell builtin commands are inherited from the Bourne Shell.
+These commands are implemented as specified by the @sc{posix} standard.
+
+@table @code
+@item : @r{(a colon)}
+@btindex :
+@example
+: [@var{arguments}]
+@end example
+
+Do nothing beyond expanding @var{arguments} and performing redirections.
+The return status is zero.
+
+@item . @r{(a period)}
+@btindex .
+@example
+. @var{filename} [@var{arguments}]
+@end example
+
+Read and execute commands from the @var{filename} argument in the
+current shell context. If @var{filename} does not contain a slash,
+the @env{PATH} variable is used to find @var{filename}.
+When Bash is not in @sc{posix} mode, the current directory is searched
+if @var{filename} is not found in @env{$PATH}.
+If any @var{arguments} are supplied, they become the positional
+parameters when @var{filename} is executed. Otherwise the positional
+parameters are unchanged.
+The return status is the exit status of the last command executed, or
+zero if no commands are executed. If @var{filename} is not found, or
+cannot be read, the return status is non-zero.
+This builtin is equivalent to @code{source}.
+
+@item break
+@btindex break
+@example
+break [@var{n}]
+@end example
+
+Exit from a @code{for}, @code{while}, @code{until}, or @code{select} loop.
+If @var{n} is supplied, the @var{n}th enclosing loop is exited.
+@var{n} must be greater than or equal to 1.
+The return status is zero unless @var{n} is not greater than or equal to 1.
+
+@item cd
+@btindex cd
+@example
+cd [-L|[-P [-e]] [-@@] [@var{directory}]
+@end example
+
+Change the current working directory to @var{directory}.
+If @var{directory} is not supplied, the value of the @env{HOME}
+shell variable is used.
+Any additional arguments following @var{directory} are ignored.
+If the shell variable
+@env{CDPATH} exists, it is used as a search path:
+each directory name in @env{CDPATH} is searched for
+@var{directory}, with alternative directory names in @env{CDPATH}
+separated by a colon (@samp{:}).
+If @var{directory} begins with a slash, @env{CDPATH} is not used.
+
+The @option{-P} option means to not follow symbolic links: symbolic links
+are resolved while @code{cd} is traversing @var{directory} and before
+processing an instance of @samp{..} in @var{directory}.
+
+By default, or when the @option{-L} option is supplied, symbolic links
+in @var{directory} are resolved after @code{cd} processes an instance
+of @samp{..} in @var{directory}.
+
+If @samp{..} appears in @var{directory}, it is processed by removing the
+immediately preceding pathname component, back to a slash or the beginning
+of @var{directory}.
+
+If the @option{-e} option is supplied with @option{-P}
+and the current working directory cannot be successfully determined
+after a successful directory change, @code{cd} will return an unsuccessful
+status.
+
+On systems that support it, the @option{-@@} option presents the extended
+attributes associated with a file as a directory.
+
+If @var{directory} is @samp{-}, it is converted to @env{$OLDPWD}
+before the directory change is attempted.
+
+If a non-empty directory name from @env{CDPATH} is used, or if
+@samp{-} is the first argument, and the directory change is
+successful, the absolute pathname of the new working directory is
+written to the standard output.
+
+The return status is zero if the directory is successfully changed,
+non-zero otherwise.
+
+@item continue
+@btindex continue
+@example
+continue [@var{n}]
+@end example
+
+Resume the next iteration of an enclosing @code{for}, @code{while},
+@code{until}, or @code{select} loop.
+If @var{n} is supplied, the execution of the @var{n}th enclosing loop
+is resumed.
+@var{n} must be greater than or equal to 1.
+The return status is zero unless @var{n} is not greater than or equal to 1.
+
+@item eval
+@btindex eval
+@example
+eval [@var{arguments}]
+@end example
+
+The arguments are concatenated together into a single command, which is
+then read and executed, and its exit status returned as the exit status
+of @code{eval}.
+If there are no arguments or only empty arguments, the return status is
+zero.
+
+@item exec
+@btindex exec
+@example
+exec [-cl] [-a @var{name}] [@var{command} [@var{arguments}]]
+@end example
+
+If @var{command}
+is supplied, it replaces the shell without creating a new process.
+If the @option{-l} option is supplied, the shell places a dash at the
+beginning of the zeroth argument passed to @var{command}.
+This is what the @code{login} program does.
+The @option{-c} option causes @var{command} to be executed with an empty
+environment.
+If @option{-a} is supplied, the shell passes @var{name} as the zeroth
+argument to @var{command}.
+If @var{command}
+cannot be executed for some reason, a non-interactive shell exits,
+unless the @code{execfail} shell option
+is enabled. In that case, it returns failure.
+An interactive shell returns failure if the file cannot be executed.
+If no @var{command} is specified, redirections may be used to affect
+the current shell environment. If there are no redirection errors, the
+return status is zero; otherwise the return status is non-zero.
+
+@item exit
+@btindex exit
+@example
+exit [@var{n}]
+@end example
+
+Exit the shell, returning a status of @var{n} to the shell's parent.
+If @var{n} is omitted, the exit status is that of the last command executed.
+Any trap on @code{EXIT} is executed before the shell terminates.
+
+@item export
+@btindex export
+@example
+export [-fn] [-p] [@var{name}[=@var{value}]]
+@end example
+
+Mark each @var{name} to be passed to child processes
+in the environment. If the @option{-f} option is supplied, the @var{name}s
+refer to shell functions; otherwise the names refer to shell variables.
+The @option{-n} option means to no longer mark each @var{name} for export.
+If no @var{names} are supplied, or if the @option{-p} option is given, a
+list of names of all exported variables is displayed.
+The @option{-p} option displays output in a form that may be reused as input.
+If a variable name is followed by =@var{value}, the value of
+the variable is set to @var{value}.
+
+The return status is zero unless an invalid option is supplied, one of
+the names is not a valid shell variable name, or @option{-f} is supplied
+with a name that is not a shell function.
+
+@item getopts
+@btindex getopts
+@example
+getopts @var{optstring} @var{name} [@var{args}]
+@end example
+
+@code{getopts} is used by shell scripts to parse positional parameters.
+@var{optstring} contains the option characters to be recognized; if a
+character is followed by a colon, the option is expected to have an
+argument, which should be separated from it by whitespace.
+The colon (@samp{:}) and question mark (@samp{?}) may not be
+used as option characters.
+Each time it is invoked, @code{getopts}
+places the next option in the shell variable @var{name}, initializing
+@var{name} if it does not exist,
+and the index of the next argument to be processed into the
+variable @env{OPTIND}.
+@env{OPTIND} is initialized to 1 each time the shell or a shell script
+is invoked.
+When an option requires an argument,
+@code{getopts} places that argument into the variable @env{OPTARG}.
+The shell does not reset @env{OPTIND} automatically; it must be manually
+reset between multiple calls to @code{getopts} within the same shell
+invocation if a new set of parameters is to be used.
+
+When the end of options is encountered, @code{getopts} exits with a
+return value greater than zero.
+@env{OPTIND} is set to the index of the first non-option argument,
+and @var{name} is set to @samp{?}.
+
+@code{getopts}
+normally parses the positional parameters, but if more arguments are
+given in @var{args}, @code{getopts} parses those instead.
+
+@code{getopts} can report errors in two ways. If the first character of
+@var{optstring} is a colon, @var{silent}
+error reporting is used. In normal operation, diagnostic messages
+are printed when invalid options or missing option arguments are
+encountered.
+If the variable @env{OPTERR}
+is set to 0, no error messages will be displayed, even if the first
+character of @code{optstring} is not a colon.
+
+If an invalid option is seen,
+@code{getopts} places @samp{?} into @var{name} and, if not silent,
+prints an error message and unsets @env{OPTARG}.
+If @code{getopts} is silent, the option character found is placed in
+@env{OPTARG} and no diagnostic message is printed.
+
+If a required argument is not found, and @code{getopts}
+is not silent, a question mark (@samp{?}) is placed in @var{name},
+@code{OPTARG} is unset, and a diagnostic message is printed.
+If @code{getopts} is silent, then a colon (@samp{:}) is placed in
+@var{name} and @env{OPTARG} is set to the option character found.
+
+@item hash
+@btindex hash
+@example
+hash [-r] [-p @var{filename}] [-dt] [@var{name}]
+@end example
+
+Each time @code{hash} is invoked, it remembers the full pathnames of the
+commands specified as @var{name} arguments,
+so they need not be searched for on subsequent invocations.
+The commands are found by searching through the directories listed in
+@env{$PATH}.
+Any previously-remembered pathname is discarded.
+The @option{-p} option inhibits the path search, and @var{filename} is
+used as the location of @var{name}.
+The @option{-r} option causes the shell to forget all remembered locations.
+The @option{-d} option causes the shell to forget the remembered location
+of each @var{name}.
+If the @option{-t} option is supplied, the full pathname to which each
+@var{name} corresponds is printed. If multiple @var{name} arguments are
+supplied with @option{-t} the @var{name} is printed before the hashed
+full pathname.
+The @option{-l} option causes output to be displayed in a format
+that may be reused as input.
+If no arguments are given, or if only @option{-l} is supplied,
+information about remembered commands is printed.
+The return status is zero unless a @var{name} is not found or an invalid
+option is supplied.
+
+@item pwd
+@btindex pwd
+@example
+pwd [-LP]
+@end example
+
+Print the absolute pathname of the current working directory.
+If the @option{-P} option is supplied, the pathname printed will not
+contain symbolic links.
+If the @option{-L} option is supplied, the pathname printed may contain
+symbolic links.
+The return status is zero unless an error is encountered while
+determining the name of the current directory or an invalid option
+is supplied.
+
+@item readonly
+@btindex readonly
+@example
+readonly [-aAf] [-p] [@var{name}[=@var{value}]] @dots{}
+@end example
+
+Mark each @var{name} as readonly.
+The values of these names may not be changed by subsequent assignment.
+If the @option{-f} option is supplied, each @var{name} refers to a shell
+function.
+The @option{-a} option means each @var{name} refers to an indexed
+array variable; the @option{-A} option means each @var{name} refers
+to an associative array variable.
+If both options are supplied, @option{-A} takes precedence.
+If no @var{name} arguments are given, or if the @option{-p}
+option is supplied, a list of all readonly names is printed.
+The other options may be used to restrict the output to a subset of
+the set of readonly names.
+The @option{-p} option causes output to be displayed in a format that
+may be reused as input.
+If a variable name is followed by =@var{value}, the value of
+the variable is set to @var{value}.
+The return status is zero unless an invalid option is supplied, one of
+the @var{name} arguments is not a valid shell variable or function name,
+or the @option{-f} option is supplied with a name that is not a shell function.
+
+@item return
+@btindex return
+@example
+return [@var{n}]
+@end example
+
+Cause a shell function to stop executing and return the value @var{n}
+to its caller.
+If @var{n} is not supplied, the return value is the exit status of the
+last command executed in the function.
+@code{return} may also be used to terminate execution of a script
+being executed with the @code{.} (@code{source}) builtin,
+returning either @var{n} or
+the exit status of the last command executed within the script as the exit
+status of the script.
+If @var{n} is supplied, the return value is its least significant
+8 bits.
+Any command associated with the @code{RETURN} trap is executed
+before execution resumes after the function or script.
+The return status is non-zero if @code{return} is supplied a non-numeric
+argument or is used outside a function
+and not during the execution of a script by @code{.} or @code{source}.
+
+@item shift
+@btindex shift
+@example
+shift [@var{n}]
+@end example
+
+Shift the positional parameters to the left by @var{n}.
+The positional parameters from @var{n}+1 @dots{} @code{$#} are
+renamed to @code{$1} @dots{} @code{$#}-@var{n}.
+Parameters represented by the numbers @code{$#} to @code{$#}-@var{n}+1
+are unset.
+@var{n} must be a non-negative number less than or equal to @code{$#}.
+If @var{n} is zero or greater than @code{$#}, the positional parameters
+are not changed.
+If @var{n} is not supplied, it is assumed to be 1.
+The return status is zero unless @var{n} is greater than @code{$#} or
+less than zero, non-zero otherwise.
+
+@item test
+@itemx [
+@btindex test
+@btindex [
+@example
+test @var{expr}
+@end example
+
+Evaluate a conditional express
+ion @var{expr} and return a status of 0
+(true) or 1 (false).
+Each operator and operand must be a separate argument.
+Expressions are composed of the primaries described below in
+@ref{Bash Conditional Expressions}.
+@code{test} does not accept any options, nor does it accept and ignore
+an argument of @option{--} as signifying the end of options.
+
+When the @code{[} form is used, the last argument to the command must
+be a @code{]}.
+
+Expressions may be combined using the following operators, listed in
+decreasing order of precedence.
+The evaluation depends on the number of arguments; see below.
+Operator precedence is used when there are five or more arguments.
+
+@table @code
+@item ! @var{expr}
+True if @var{expr} is false.
+
+@item ( @var{expr} )
+Returns the value of @var{expr}.
+This may be used to override the normal precedence of operators.
+
+@item @var{expr1} -a @var{expr2}
+True if both @var{expr1} and @var{expr2} are true.
+
+@item @var{expr1} -o @var{expr2}
+True if either @var{expr1} or @var{expr2} is true.
+@end table
+
+The @code{test} and @code{[} builtins evaluate conditional
+expressions using a set of rules based on the number of arguments.
+
+@table @asis
+@item 0 arguments
+The expression is false.
+
+@item 1 argument
+The expression is true if and only if the argument is not null.
+
+@item 2 arguments
+If the first argument is @samp{!}, the expression is true if and
+only if the second argument is null.
+If the first argument is one of the unary conditional operators
+(@pxref{Bash Conditional Expressions}), the expression
+is true if the unary test is true.
+If the first argument is not a valid unary operator, the expression is
+false.
+
+@item 3 arguments
+The following conditions are applied in the order listed.
+If the second argument is one of the binary conditional
+operators (@pxref{Bash Conditional Expressions}), the
+result of the expression is the result of the binary test using the
+first and third arguments as operands.
+The @samp{-a} and @samp{-o} operators are considered binary operators
+when there are three arguments.
+If the first argument is @samp{!}, the value is the negation of
+the two-argument test using the second and third arguments.
+If the first argument is exactly @samp{(} and the third argument is
+exactly @samp{)}, the result is the one-argument test of the second
+argument.
+Otherwise, the expression is false.
+
+@item 4 arguments
+If the first argument is @samp{!}, the result is the negation of
+the three-argument expression composed of the remaining arguments.
+Otherwise, the expression is parsed and evaluated according to
+precedence using the rules listed above.
+
+@item 5 or more arguments
+The expression is parsed and evaluated according to precedence
+using the rules listed above.
+@end table
+
+When used with @code{test} or @samp{[}, the @samp{<} and @samp{>}
+operators sort lexicographically using ASCII ordering.
+
+@item times
+@btindex times
+@example
+times
+@end example
+
+Print out the user and system times used by the shell and its children.
+The return status is zero.
+
+@item trap
+@btindex trap
+@example
+trap [-lp] [@var{arg}] [@var{sigspec} @dots{}]
+@end example
+
+The commands in @var{arg} are to be read and executed when the
+shell receives signal @var{sigspec}. If @var{arg} is absent (and
+there is a single @var{sigspec}) or
+equal to @samp{-}, each specified signal's disposition is reset
+to the value it had when the shell was started.
+If @var{arg} is the null string, then the signal specified by
+each @var{sigspec} is ignored by the shell and commands it invokes.
+If @var{arg} is not present and @option{-p} has been supplied,
+the shell displays the trap commands associated with each @var{sigspec}.
+If no arguments are supplied, or
+only @option{-p} is given, @code{trap} prints the list of commands
+associated with each signal number in a form that may be reused as
+shell input.
+The @option{-l} option causes the shell to print a list of signal names
+and their corresponding numbers.
+Each @var{sigspec} is either a signal name or a signal number.
+Signal names are case insensitive and the @code{SIG} prefix is optional.
+
+If a @var{sigspec}
+is @code{0} or @code{EXIT}, @var{arg} is executed when the shell exits.
+If a @var{sigspec} is @code{DEBUG}, the command @var{arg} is executed
+before every simple command, @code{for} command, @code{case} command,
+@code{select} command, every arithmetic @code{for} command, and before
+the first command executes in a shell function.
+Refer to the description of the @code{extdebug} option to the
+@code{shopt} builtin (@pxref{The Shopt Builtin}) for details of its
+effect on the @code{DEBUG} trap.
+If a @var{sigspec} is @code{RETURN}, the command @var{arg} is executed
+each time a shell function or a script executed with the @code{.} or
+@code{source} builtins finishes executing.
+
+If a @var{sigspec} is @code{ERR}, the command @var{arg}
+is executed whenever
+a pipeline (which may consist of a single simple
+command), a list, or a compound command returns a
+non-zero exit status,
+subject to the following conditions.
+The @code{ERR} trap is not executed if the failed command is part of the
+command list immediately following an @code{until} or @code{while} keyword,
+part of the test following the @code{if} or @code{elif} reserved words,
+part of a command executed in a @code{&&} or @code{||} list
+except the command following the final @code{&&} or @code{||},
+any command in a pipeline but the last,
+or if the command's return
+status is being inverted using @code{!}.
+These are the same conditions obeyed by the @code{errexit} (@option{-e})
+option.
+
+Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset.
+Trapped signals that are not being ignored are reset to their original
+values in a subshell or subshell environment when one is created.
+
+The return status is zero unless a @var{sigspec} does not specify a
+valid signal.
+
+@item umask
+@btindex umask
+@example
+umask [-p] [-S] [@var{mode}]
+@end example
+
+Set the shell process's file creation mask to @var{mode}. If
+@var{mode} begins with a digit, it is interpreted as an octal number;
+if not, it is interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar
+to that accepted by the @code{chmod} command. If @var{mode} is
+omitted, the current value of the mask is printed. If the @option{-S}
+option is supplied without a @var{mode} argument, the mask is printed
+in a symbolic format.
+If the @option{-p} option is supplied, and @var{mode}
+is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.
+The return status is zero if the mode is successfully changed or if
+no @var{mode} argument is supplied, and non-zero otherwise.
+
+Note that when the mode is interpreted as an octal number, each number
+of the umask is subtracted from @code{7}. Thus, a umask of @code{022}
+results in permissions of @code{755}.
+
+@item unset
+@btindex unset
+@example
+unset [-fnv] [@var{name}]
+@end example
+
+Remove each variable or function @var{name}.
+If the @option{-v} option is given, each
+@var{name} refers to a shell variable and that variable is remvoved.
+If the @option{-f} option is given, the @var{name}s refer to shell
+functions, and the function definition is removed.
+If the @option{-n} option is supplied, and @var{name} is a variable with
+the @var{nameref} attribute, @var{name} will be unset rather than the
+variable it references.
+@option{-n} has no effect if the @option{-f} option is supplied.
+If no options are supplied, each @var{name} refers to a variable; if
+there is no variable by that name, any function with that name is
+unset.
+Readonly variables and functions may not be unset.
+The return status is zero unless a @var{name} is readonly.
+@end table
+
+@node Bash Builtins
+@section Bash Builtin Commands
+
+This section describes builtin commands which are unique to
+or have been extended in Bash.
+Some of these commands are specified in the @sc{posix} standard.
+
+@table @code
+
+@item alias
+@btindex alias
+@example
+alias [-p] [@var{name}[=@var{value}] @dots{}]
+@end example
+
+Without arguments or with the @option{-p} option, @code{alias} prints
+the list of aliases on the standard output in a form that allows
+them to be reused as input.
+If arguments are supplied, an alias is defined for each @var{name}
+whose @var{value} is given. If no @var{value} is given, the name
+and value of the alias is printed.
+Aliases are described in @ref{Aliases}.
+
+@item bind
+@btindex bind
+@example
+bind [-m @var{keymap}] [-lpsvPSVX]
+bind [-m @var{keymap}] [-q @var{function}] [-u @var{function}] [-r @var{keyseq}]
+bind [-m @var{keymap}] -f @var{filename}
+bind [-m @var{keymap}] -x @var{keyseq:shell-command}
+bind [-m @var{keymap}] @var{keyseq:function-name}
+bind @var{readline-command}
+@end example
+
+Display current Readline (@pxref{Command Line Editing})
+key and function bindings,
+bind a key sequence to a Readline function or macro,
+or set a Readline variable.
+Each non-option argument is a command as it would appear in a
+Readline initialization file (@pxref{Readline Init File}),
+but each binding or command must be passed as a separate argument; e.g.,
+@samp{"\C-x\C-r":re-read-init-file}.
+
+Options, if supplied, have the following meanings:
+
+@table @code
+@item -m @var{keymap}
+Use @var{keymap} as the keymap to be affected by
+the subsequent bindings. Acceptable @var{keymap}
+names are
+@code{emacs},
+@code{emacs-standard},
+@code{emacs-meta},
+@code{emacs-ctlx},
+@code{vi},
+@code{vi-move},
+@code{vi-command}, and
+@code{vi-insert}.
+@code{vi} is equivalent to @code{vi-command};
+@code{emacs} is equivalent to @code{emacs-standard}.
+
+@item -l
+List the names of all Readline functions.
+
+@item -p
+Display Readline function names and bindings in such a way that they
+can be used as input or in a Readline initialization file.
+
+@item -P
+List current Readline function names and bindings.
+
+@item -v
+Display Readline variable names and values in such a way that they
+can be used as input or in a Readline initialization file.
+
+@item -V
+List current Readline variable names and values.
+
+@item -s
+Display Readline key sequences bound to macros and the strings they output
+in such a way that they can be used as input or in a Readline
+initialization file.
+
+@item -S
+Display Readline key sequences bound to macros and the strings they output.
+
+@item -f @var{filename}
+Read key bindings from @var{filename}.
+
+@item -q @var{function}
+Query about which keys invoke the named @var{function}.
+
+@item -u @var{function}
+Unbind all keys bound to the named @var{function}.
+
+@item -r @var{keyseq}
+Remove any current binding for @var{keyseq}.
+
+@item -x @var{keyseq:shell-command}
+Cause @var{shell-command} to be executed whenever @var{keyseq} is
+entered.
+When @var{shell-command} is executed, the shell sets the
+@code{READLINE_LINE} variable to the contents of the Readline line
+buffer and the @code{READLINE_POINT} variable to the current location
+of the insertion point.
+If the executed command changes the value of @code{READLINE_LINE} or
+@code{READLINE_POINT}, those new values will be reflected in the
+editing state.
+
+@item -X
+List all key sequences bound to shell commands and the associated commands
+in a format that can be reused as input.
+@end table
+
+@noindent
+The return status is zero unless an invalid option is supplied or an
+error occurs.
+
+@item builtin
+@btindex builtin
+@example
+builtin [@var{shell-builtin} [@var{args}]]
+@end example
+
+Run a shell builtin, passing it @var{args}, and return its exit status.
+This is useful when defining a shell function with the same
+name as a shell builtin, retaining the functionality of the builtin within
+the function.
+The return status is non-zero if @var{shell-builtin} is not a shell
+builtin command.
+
+@item caller
+@btindex caller
+@example
+caller [@var{expr}]
+@end example
+
+Returns the context of any active subroutine call (a shell function or
+a script executed with the @code{.} or @code{source} builtins).
+
+Without @var{expr}, @code{caller} displays the line number and source
+filename of the current subroutine call.
+If a non-negative integer is supplied as @var{expr}, @code{caller}
+displays the line number, subroutine name, and source file corresponding
+to that position in the current execution call stack. This extra
+information may be used, for example, to print a stack trace. The
+current frame is frame 0.
+
+The return value is 0 unless the shell is not executing a subroutine
+call or @var{expr} does not correspond to a valid position in the
+call stack.
+
+@item command
+@btindex command
+@example
+command [-pVv] @var{command} [@var{arguments} @dots{}]
+@end example
+
+Runs @var{command} with @var{arguments} ignoring any shell function
+named @var{command}.
+Only shell builtin commands or commands found by searching the
+@env{PATH} are executed.
+If there is a shell function named @code{ls}, running @samp{command ls}
+within the function will execute the external command @code{ls}
+instead of calling the function recursively.
+The @option{-p} option means to use a default value for @env{PATH}
+that is guaranteed to find all of the standard utilities.
+The return status in this case is 127 if @var{command} cannot be
+found or an error occurred, and the exit status of @var{command}
+otherwise.
+
+If either the @option{-V} or @option{-v} option is supplied, a
+description of @var{command} is printed. The @option{-v} option
+causes a single word indicating the command or file name used to
+invoke @var{command} to be displayed; the @option{-V} option produces
+a more verbose description. In this case, the return status is
+zero if @var{command} is found, and non-zero if not.
+
+@item declare
+@btindex declare
+@example
+declare [-aAfFgilnrtux] [-p] [@var{name}[=@var{value}] @dots{}]
+@end example
+
+Declare variables and give them attributes. If no @var{name}s
+are given, then display the values of variables instead.
+
+The @option{-p} option will display the attributes and values of each
+@var{name}.
+When @option{-p} is used with @var{name} arguments, additional options,
+other than @option{-f} and @option{-F}, are ignored.
+
+When @option{-p} is supplied without @var{name} arguments, @code{declare}
+will display the attributes and values of all variables having the
+attributes specified by the additional options.
+If no other options are supplied with @option{-p}, @code{declare} will
+display the attributes and values of all shell variables. The @option{-f}
+option will restrict the display to shell functions.
+
+The @option{-F} option inhibits the display of function definitions;
+only the function name and attributes are printed.
+If the @code{extdebug} shell option is enabled using @code{shopt}
+(@pxref{The Shopt Builtin}), the source file name and line number where
+the function is defined are displayed as well.
+@option{-F} implies @option{-f}.
+
+The @option{-g} option forces variables to be created or modified at
+the global scope, even when @code{declare} is executed in a shell function.
+It is ignored in all other cases.
+
+The following options can be used to restrict output to variables with
+the specified attributes or to give variables attributes:
+
+@table @code
+@item -a
+Each @var{name} is an indexed array variable (@pxref{Arrays}).
+
+@item -A
+Each @var{name} is an associative array variable (@pxref{Arrays}).
+
+@item -f
+Use function names only.
+
+@item -i
+The variable is to be treated as
+an integer; arithmetic evaluation (@pxref{Shell Arithmetic}) is
+performed when the variable is assigned a value.
+
+@item -l
+When the variable is assigned a value, all upper-case characters are
+converted to lower-case.
+The upper-case attribute is disabled.
+
+@item -n
+Give each @var{name} the @var{nameref} attribute, making
+it a name reference to another variable.
+That other variable is defined by the value of @var{name}.
+All references and assignments to @var{name}, except for changing the
+@option{-n} attribute itself, are performed on the variable referenced by
+@var{name}'s value.
+The @option{-n} attribute cannot be applied to array variables.
+
+@item -r
+Make @var{name}s readonly. These names cannot then be assigned values
+by subsequent assignment statements or unset.
+
+@item -t
+Give each @var{name} the @code{trace} attribute.
+Traced functions inherit the @code{DEBUG} and @code{RETURN} traps from
+the calling shell.
+The trace attribute has no special meaning for variables.
+
+@item -u
+When the variable is assigned a value, all lower-case characters are
+converted to upper-case.
+The lower-case attribute is disabled.
+
+@item -x
+Mark each @var{name} for export to subsequent commands via
+the environment.
+@end table
+
+Using @samp{+} instead of @samp{-} turns off the attribute instead,
+with the exceptions that @samp{+a}
+may not be used to destroy an array variable and @samp{+r} will not
+remove the readonly attribute.
+When used in a function, @code{declare} makes each @var{name} local,
+as with the @code{local} command, unless the @option{-g} option is used.
+If a variable name is followed by =@var{value}, the value of the variable
+is set to @var{value}.
+
+The return status is zero unless an invalid option is encountered,
+an attempt is made to define a function using @samp{-f foo=bar},
+an attempt is made to assign a value to a readonly variable,
+an attempt is made to assign a value to an array variable without
+using the compound assignment syntax (@pxref{Arrays}),
+one of the @var{names} is not a valid shell variable name,
+an attempt is made to turn off readonly status for a readonly variable,
+an attempt is made to turn off array status for an array variable,
+or an attempt is made to display a non-existent function with @option{-f}.
+
+@item echo
+@btindex echo
+@example
+echo [-neE] [@var{arg} @dots{}]
+@end example
+
+Output the @var{arg}s, separated by spaces, terminated with a
+newline.
+The return status is 0 unless a write error occurs.
+If @option{-n} is specified, the trailing newline is suppressed.
+If the @option{-e} option is given, interpretation of the following
+backslash-escaped characters is enabled.
+The @option{-E} option disables the interpretation of these escape characters,
+even on systems where they are interpreted by default.
+The @code{xpg_echo} shell option may be used to
+dynamically determine whether or not @code{echo} expands these
+escape characters by default.
+@code{echo} does not interpret @option{--} to mean the end of options.
+
+@code{echo} interprets the following escape sequences:
+@table @code
+@item \a
+alert (bell)
+@item \b
+backspace
+@item \c
+suppress further output
+@item \e
+@itemx \E
+escape
+@item \f
+form feed
+@item \n
+new line
+@item \r
+carriage return
+@item \t
+horizontal tab
+@item \v
+vertical tab
+@item \\
+backslash
+@item \0@var{nnn}
+the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value @var{nnn}
+(zero to three octal digits)
+@item \x@var{HH}
+the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal value @var{HH}
+(one or two hex digits)
+@item \u@var{HHHH}
+the Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is the hexadecimal value
+@var{HHHH} (one to four hex digits)
+@item \U@var{HHHHHHHH}
+the Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is the hexadecimal value
+@var{HHHHHHHH} (one to eight hex digits)
+@end table
+
+@item enable
+@btindex enable
+@example
+enable [-a] [-dnps] [-f @var{filename}] [@var{name} @dots{}]
+@end example
+
+Enable and disable builtin shell commands.
+Disabling a builtin allows a disk command which has the same name
+as a shell builtin to be executed without specifying a full pathname,
+even though the shell normally searches for builtins before disk commands.
+If @option{-n} is used, the @var{name}s become disabled. Otherwise
+@var{name}s are enabled. For example, to use the @code{test} binary
+found via @env{$PATH} instead of the shell builtin version, type
+@samp{enable -n test}.
+
+If the @option{-p} option is supplied, or no @var{name} arguments appear,
+a list of shell builtins is printed. With no other arguments, the list
+consists of all enabled shell builtins.
+The @option{-a} option means to list
+each builtin with an indication of whether or not it is enabled.
+
+The @option{-f} option means to load the new builtin command @var{name}
+from shared object @var{filename}, on systems that support dynamic loading.
+The @option{-d} option will delete a builtin loaded with @option{-f}.
+
+If there are no options, a list of the shell builtins is displayed.
+The @option{-s} option restricts @code{enable} to the @sc{posix} special
+builtins. If @option{-s} is used with @option{-f}, the new builtin becomes
+a special builtin (@pxref{Special Builtins}).
+
+The return status is zero unless a @var{name} is not a shell builtin
+or there is an error loading a new builtin from a shared object.
+
+@item help
+@btindex help
+@example
+help [-dms] [@var{pattern}]
+@end example
+
+Display helpful information about builtin commands.
+If @var{pattern} is specified, @code{help} gives detailed help
+on all commands matching @var{pattern}, otherwise a list of
+the builtins is printed.
+
+Options, if supplied, have the following meanings:
+
+@table @code
+@item -d
+Display a short description of each @var{pattern}
+@item -m
+Display the description of each @var{pattern} in a manpage-like format
+@item -s
+Display only a short usage synopsis for each @var{pattern}
+@end table
+
+The return status is zero unless no command matches @var{pattern}.
+
+@item let
+@btindex let
+@example
+let @var{expression} [@var{expression} @dots{}]
+@end example
+
+The @code{let} builtin allows arithmetic to be performed on shell
+variables. Each @var{expression} is evaluated according to the
+rules given below in @ref{Shell Arithmetic}. If the
+last @var{expression} evaluates to 0, @code{let} returns 1;
+otherwise 0 is returned.
+
+@item local
+@btindex local
+@example
+local [@var{option}] @var{name}[=@var{value}] @dots{}
+@end example
+
+For each argument, a local variable named @var{name} is created,
+and assigned @var{value}.
+The @var{option} can be any of the options accepted by @code{declare}.
+@code{local} can only be used within a function; it makes the variable
+@var{name} have a visible scope restricted to that function and its
+children. The return status is zero unless @code{local} is used outside
+a function, an invalid @var{name} is supplied, or @var{name} is a
+readonly variable.
+
+@item logout
+@btindex logout
+@example
+logout [@var{n}]
+@end example
+
+Exit a login shell, returning a status of @var{n} to the shell's
+parent.
+
+@item mapfile
+@btindex mapfile
+@example
+mapfile [-n @var{count}] [-O @var{origin}] [-s @var{count}] [-t] [-u @var{fd}]
+ [-C @var{callback}] [-c @var{quantum}] [@var{array}]
+@end example
+
+Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable @var{array},
+or from file descriptor @var{fd}
+if the @option{-u} option is supplied.
+The variable @code{MAPFILE} is the default @var{array}.
+Options, if supplied, have the following meanings:
+
+@table @code
+
+@item -n
+Copy at most @var{count} lines. If @var{count} is 0, all lines are copied.
+@item -O
+Begin assigning to @var{array} at index @var{origin}.
+The default index is 0.
+@item -s
+Discard the first @var{count} lines read.
+@item -t
+Remove a trailing newline from each line read.
+@item -u
+Read lines from file descriptor @var{fd} instead of the standard input.
+@item -C
+Evaluate @var{callback} each time @var{quantum}P lines are read.
+The @option{-c} option specifies @var{quantum}.
+@item -c
+Specify the number of lines read between each call to @var{callback}.
+@end table
+
+If @option{-C} is specified without @option{-c},
+the default quantum is 5000.
+When @var{callback} is evaluated, it is supplied the index of the next
+array element to be assigned and the line to be assigned to that element
+as additional arguments.
+@var{callback} is evaluated after the line is read but before the
+array element is assigned.
+
+If not supplied with an explicit origin, @code{mapfile} will clear @var{array}
+before assigning to it.
+
+@code{mapfile} returns successfully unless an invalid option or option
+argument is supplied, @var{array} is invalid or unassignable, or @var{array}
+is not an indexed array.
+
+@item printf
+@btindex printf
+@example
+printf [-v @var{var}] @var{format} [@var{arguments}]
+@end example
+
+Write the formatted @var{arguments} to the standard output under the
+control of the @var{format}.
+The @option{-v} option causes the output to be assigned to the variable
+@var{var} rather than being printed to the standard output.
+
+The @var{format} is a character string which contains three types of objects:
+plain characters, which are simply copied to standard output, character
+escape sequences, which are converted and copied to the standard output, and
+format specifications, each of which causes printing of the next successive
+@var{argument}.
+In addition to the standard @code{printf(1)} formats, @code{printf}
+interprets the following extensions:
+
+@table @code
+@item %b
+Causes @code{printf} to expand backslash escape sequences in the
+corresponding @var{argument},
+except that @samp{\c} terminates output, backslashes in
+@samp{\'}, @samp{\"}, and @samp{\?} are not removed, and octal escapes
+beginning with @samp{\0} may contain up to four digits.
+@item %q
+Causes @code{printf} to output the
+corresponding @var{argument} in a format that can be reused as shell input.
+@item %(@var{datefmt})T
+Causes @code{printf} to output the date-time string resulting from using
+@var{datefmt} as a format string for @code{strftime}(3).
+The corresponding @var{argument} is an integer representing the number of
+seconds since the epoch.
+Two special argument values may be used: -1 represents the current
+time, and -2 represents the time the shell was invoked.
+If no argument is specified, conversion behaves as if -1 had been given.
+This is an exception to the usual @code{printf} behavior.
+@end table
+
+@noindent
+Arguments to non-string format specifiers are treated as C language constants,
+except that a leading plus or minus sign is allowed, and if the leading
+character is a single or double quote, the value is the ASCII value of
+the following character.
+
+The @var{format} is reused as necessary to consume all of the @var{arguments}.
+If the @var{format} requires more @var{arguments} than are supplied, the
+extra format specifications behave as if a zero value or null string, as
+appropriate, had been supplied. The return value is zero on success,
+non-zero on failure.
+
+@item read
+@btindex read
+@example
+read [-ers] [-a @var{aname}] [-d @var{delim}] [-i @var{text}] [-n @var{nchars}]
+ [-N @var{nchars}] [-p @var{prompt}] [-t @var{timeout}] [-u @var{fd}] [@var{name} @dots{}]
+@end example
+
+One line is read from the standard input, or from the file descriptor
+@var{fd} supplied as an argument to the @option{-u} option, and the first word
+is assigned to the first @var{name}, the second word to the second @var{name},
+and so on, with leftover words and their intervening separators assigned
+to the last @var{name}.
+If there are fewer words read from the input stream than names,
+the remaining names are assigned empty values.
+The characters in the value of the @env{IFS} variable
+are used to split the line into words using the same rules the shell
+uses for expansion (described above in @ref{Word Splitting}).
+The backslash character @samp{\} may be used to remove any special
+meaning for the next character read and for line continuation.
+If no names are supplied, the line read is assigned to the
+variable @env{REPLY}.
+The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, @code{read}
+times out (in which case the return code is greater than 128),
+a variable assignment error (such as assigning to a readonly variable) occurs,
+or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as the argument to @option{-u}.
+
+Options, if supplied, have the following meanings:
+
+@table @code
+@item -a @var{aname}
+The words are assigned to sequential indices of the array variable
+@var{aname}, starting at 0.
+All elements are removed from @var{aname} before the assignment.
+Other @var{name} arguments are ignored.
+
+@item -d @var{delim}
+The first character of @var{delim} is used to terminate the input line,
+rather than newline.
+
+@item -e
+Readline (@pxref{Command Line Editing}) is used to obtain the line.
+Readline uses the current (or default, if line editing was not previously
+active) editing settings.
+
+@item -i @var{text}
+If Readline is being used to read the line, @var{text} is placed into
+the editing buffer before editing begins.
+
+@item -n @var{nchars}
+@code{read} returns after reading @var{nchars} characters rather than
+waiting for a complete line of input, but honor a delimiter if fewer
+than @var{nchars} characters are read before the delimiter.
+
+@item -N @var{nchars}
+@code{read} returns after reading exactly @var{nchars} characters rather
+than waiting for a complete line of input, unless EOF is encountered or
+@code{read} times out.
+Delimiter characters encountered in the input are
+not treated specially and do not cause @code{read} to return until
+@var{nchars} characters are read.
+
+@item -p @var{prompt}
+Display @var{prompt}, without a trailing newline, before attempting
+to read any input.
+The prompt is displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.
+
+@item -r
+If this option is given, backslash does not act as an escape character.
+The backslash is considered to be part of the line.
+In particular, a backslash-newline pair may not be used as a line
+continuation.
+
+@item -s
+Silent mode. If input is coming from a terminal, characters are
+not echoed.
+
+@item -t @var{timeout}
+Cause @code{read} to time out and return failure if a complete line of
+input (or a specified number of characters)
+is not read within @var{timeout} seconds.
+@var{timeout} may be a decimal number with a fractional portion following
+the decimal point.
+This option is only effective if @code{read} is reading input from a
+terminal, pipe, or other special file; it has no effect when reading
+from regular files.
+If @code{read} times out, @code{read} saves any partial input read into
+the specified variable @var{name}.
+If @var{timeout} is 0, @code{read} returns immediately, without trying to
+read and data. The exit status is 0 if input is available on
+the specified file descriptor, non-zero otherwise.
+The exit status is greater than 128 if the timeout is exceeded.
+
+@item -u @var{fd}
+Read input from file descriptor @var{fd}.
+@end table
+
+@item readarray
+@btindex readarray
+@example
+readarray [-n @var{count}] [-O @var{origin}] [-s @var{count}] [-t] [-u @var{fd}]
+ [-C @var{callback}] [-c @var{quantum}] [@var{array}]
+@end example
+
+Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable @var{array},
+or from file descriptor @var{fd}
+if the @option{-u} option is supplied.
+
+A synonym for @code{mapfile}.
+
+@item source
+@btindex source
+@example
+source @var{filename}
+@end example
+
+A synonym for @code{.} (@pxref{Bourne Shell Builtins}).
+
+@item type
+@btindex type
+@example
+type [-afptP] [@var{name} @dots{}]
+@end example
+
+For each @var{name}, indicate how it would be interpreted if used as a
+command name.
+
+If the @option{-t} option is used, @code{type} prints a single word
+which is one of @samp{alias}, @samp{function}, @samp{builtin},
+@samp{file} or @samp{keyword},
+if @var{name} is an alias, shell function, shell builtin,
+disk file, or shell reserved word, respectively.
+If the @var{name} is not found, then nothing is printed, and
+@code{type} returns a failure status.
+
+If the @option{-p} option is used, @code{type} either returns the name
+of the disk file that would be executed, or nothing if @option{-t}
+would not return @samp{file}.
+
+The @option{-P} option forces a path search for each @var{name}, even if
+@option{-t} would not return @samp{file}.
+
+If a command is hashed, @option{-p} and @option{-P} print the hashed value,
+which is not necessarily the file that appears first in @code{$PATH}.
+
+If the @option{-a} option is used, @code{type} returns all of the places
+that contain an executable named @var{file}.
+This includes aliases and functions, if and only if the @option{-p} option
+is not also used.
+
+If the @option{-f} option is used, @code{type} does not attempt to find
+shell functions, as with the @code{command} builtin.
+
+The return status is zero if all of the @var{names} are found, non-zero
+if any are not found.
+
+@item typeset
+@btindex typeset
+@example
+typeset [-afFgrxilnrtux] [-p] [@var{name}[=@var{value}] @dots{}]
+@end example
+
+The @code{typeset} command is supplied for compatibility with the Korn
+shell.
+It is a synonym for the @code{declare} builtin command.
+
+@item ulimit
+@btindex ulimit
+@example
+ulimit [-abcdefilmnpqrstuvxHST] [@var{limit}]
+@end example
+
+@code{ulimit} provides control over the resources available to processes
+started by the shell, on systems that allow such control. If an
+option is given, it is interpreted as follows:
+
+@table @code
+@item -S
+Change and report the soft limit associated with a resource.
+
+@item -H
+Change and report the hard limit associated with a resource.
+
+@item -a
+All current limits are reported.
+
+@item -b
+The maximum socket buffer size.
+
+@item -c
+The maximum size of core files created.
+
+@item -d
+The maximum size of a process's data segment.
+
+@item -e
+The maximum scheduling priority ("nice").
+
+@item -f
+The maximum size of files written by the shell and its children.
+
+@item -i
+The maximum number of pending signals.
+
+@item -l
+The maximum size that may be locked into memory.
+
+@item -m
+The maximum resident set size (many systems do not honor this limit).
+
+@item -n
+The maximum number of open file descriptors (most systems do not
+allow this value to be set).
+
+@item -p
+The pipe buffer size.
+
+@item -q
+The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues.
+
+@item -r
+The maximum real-time scheduling priority.
+
+@item -s
+The maximum stack size.
+
+@item -t
+The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds.
+
+@item -u
+The maximum number of processes available to a single user.
+
+@item -v
+The maximum amount of virtual memory available to the shell, and, on
+some systems, to its children.
+
+@item -x
+The maximum number of file locks.
+
+@item -T
+The maximum number of threads.
+@end table
+
+If @var{limit} is given, and the @option{-a} option is not used,
+@var{limit} is the new value of the specified resource.
+The special @var{limit} values @code{hard}, @code{soft}, and
+@code{unlimited} stand for the current hard limit, the current soft limit,
+and no limit, respectively.
+A hard limit cannot be increased by a non-root user once it is set;
+a soft limit may be increased up to the value of the hard limit.
+Otherwise, the current value of the soft limit for the specified resource
+is printed, unless the @option{-H} option is supplied.
+When setting new limits, if neither @option{-H} nor @option{-S} is supplied,
+both the hard and soft limits are set.
+If no option is given, then @option{-f} is assumed. Values are in 1024-byte
+increments, except for @option{-t}, which is in seconds; @option{-p},
+which is in units of 512-byte blocks; and @option{-T}, @option{-b},
+@option{-n} and @option{-u}, which are unscaled values.
+
+The return status is zero unless an invalid option or argument is supplied,
+or an error occurs while setting a new limit.
+
+@item unalias
+@btindex unalias
+@example
+unalias [-a] [@var{name} @dots{} ]
+@end example
+
+Remove each @var{name} from the list of aliases. If @option{-a} is
+supplied, all aliases are removed.
+Aliases are described in @ref{Aliases}.
+@end table
+
+@node Modifying Shell Behavior
+@section Modifying Shell Behavior
+
+@menu
+* The Set Builtin:: Change the values of shell attributes and
+ positional parameters.
+* The Shopt Builtin:: Modify shell optional behavior.
+@end menu
+
+@node The Set Builtin
+@subsection The Set Builtin
+
+This builtin is so complicated that it deserves its own section. @code{set}
+allows you to change the values of shell options and set the positional
+parameters, or to display the names and values of shell variables.
+
+@table @code
+@item set
+@btindex set
+@example
+set [--abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT] [-o @var{option-name}] [@var{argument} @dots{}]
+set [+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT] [+o @var{option-name}] [@var{argument} @dots{}]
+@end example
+
+If no options or arguments are supplied, @code{set} displays the names
+and values of all shell variables and functions, sorted according to the
+current locale, in a format that may be reused as input
+for setting or resetting the currently-set variables.
+Read-only variables cannot be reset.
+In @sc{posix} mode, only shell variables are listed.
+
+When options are supplied, they set or unset shell attributes.
+Options, if specified, have the following meanings:
+
+@table @code
+@item -a
+Mark variables and function which are modified or created for export
+to the environment of subsequent commands.
+
+@item -b
+Cause the status of terminated background jobs to be reported
+immediately, rather than before printing the next primary prompt.
+
+@item -e
+Exit immediately if
+a pipeline (@pxref{Pipelines}), which may consist of a single simple command
+(@pxref{Simple Commands}),
+a list (@pxref{Lists}),
+or a compound command (@pxref{Compound Commands})
+returns a non-zero status.
+The shell does not exit if the command that fails is part of the
+command list immediately following a @code{while} or @code{until} keyword,
+part of the test in an @code{if} statement,
+part of any command executed in a @code{&&} or @code{||} list except
+the command following the final @code{&&} or @code{||},
+any command in a pipeline but the last,
+or if the command's return status is being inverted with @code{!}.
+If a compound command other than a subshell
+returns a non-zero status because a command failed
+while @option{-e} was being ignored, the shell does not exit.
+A trap on @code{ERR}, if set, is executed before the shell exits.
+
+This option applies to the shell environment and each subshell environment
+separately (@pxref{Command Execution Environment}), and may cause
+subshells to exit before executing all the commands in the subshell.
+
+If a compound command or shell function executes in a context where
+@option{-e} is being ignored,
+none of the commands executed within the compound command or function body
+will be affected by the @option{-e} setting, even if @option{-e} is set
+and a command returns a failure status.
+If a compound command or shell function sets @option{-e} while executing in
+a context where @option{-e} is ignored, that setting will not have any
+effect until the compound command or the command containing the function
+call completes.
+
+@item -f
+Disable filename expansion (globbing).
+
+@item -h
+Locate and remember (hash) commands as they are looked up for execution.
+This option is enabled by default.
+
+@item -k
+All arguments in the form of assignment statements are placed
+in the environment for a command, not just those that precede
+the command name.
+
+@item -m
+Job control is enabled (@pxref{Job Control}).
+All processes run in a separate process group.
+When a background job completes, the shell prints a line
+containing its exit status.
+
+@item -n
+Read commands but do not execute them; this may be used to check a
+script for syntax errors.
+This option is ignored by interactive shells.
+
+@item -o @var{option-name}
+
+Set the option corresponding to @var{option-name}:
+
+@table @code
+@item allexport
+Same as @code{-a}.
+
+@item braceexpand
+Same as @code{-B}.
+
+@item emacs
+Use an @code{emacs}-style line editing interface (@pxref{Command Line Editing}).
+This also affects the editing interface used for @code{read -e}.
+
+@item errexit
+Same as @code{-e}.
+
+@item errtrace
+Same as @code{-E}.
+
+@item functrace
+Same as @code{-T}.
+
+@item hashall
+Same as @code{-h}.
+
+@item histexpand
+Same as @code{-H}.
+
+@item history
+Enable command history, as described in @ref{Bash History Facilities}.
+This option is on by default in interactive shells.
+
+@item ignoreeof
+An interactive shell will not exit upon reading EOF.
+
+@item keyword
+Same as @code{-k}.
+
+@item monitor
+Same as @code{-m}.
+
+@item noclobber
+Same as @code{-C}.
+
+@item noexec
+Same as @code{-n}.
+
+@item noglob
+Same as @code{-f}.
+
+@item nolog
+Currently ignored.
+
+@item notify
+Same as @code{-b}.
+
+@item nounset
+Same as @code{-u}.
+
+@item onecmd
+Same as @code{-t}.
+
+@item physical
+Same as @code{-P}.
+
+@item pipefail
+If set, the return value of a pipeline is the value of the last
+(rightmost) command to exit with a non-zero status, or zero if all
+commands in the pipeline exit successfully.
+This option is disabled by default.
+
+@item posix
+Change the behavior of Bash where the default operation differs
+from the @sc{posix} standard to match the standard
+(@pxref{Bash POSIX Mode}).
+This is intended to make Bash behave as a strict superset of that
+standard.
+
+@item privileged
+Same as @code{-p}.
+
+@item verbose
+Same as @code{-v}.
+
+@item vi
+Use a @code{vi}-style line editing interface.
+This also affects the editing interface used for @code{read -e}.
+
+@item xtrace
+Same as @code{-x}.
+@end table
+
+@item -p
+Turn on privileged mode.
+In this mode, the @env{$BASH_ENV} and @env{$ENV} files are not
+processed, shell functions are not inherited from the environment,
+and the @env{SHELLOPTS}, @env{BASHOPTS}, @env{CDPATH} and @env{GLOBIGNORE}
+variables, if they appear in the environment, are ignored.
+If the shell is started with the effective user (group) id not equal to the
+real user (group) id, and the @option{-p} option is not supplied, these actions
+are taken and the effective user id is set to the real user id.
+If the @option{-p} option is supplied at startup, the effective user id is
+not reset.
+Turning this option off causes the effective user
+and group ids to be set to the real user and group ids.
+
+@item -t
+Exit after reading and executing one command.
+
+@item -u
+Treat unset variables and parameters other than the special parameters
+@samp{@@} or @samp{*} as an error when performing parameter expansion.
+An error message will be written to the standard error, and a non-interactive
+shell will exit.
+
+@item -v
+Print shell input lines as they are read.
+
+@item -x
+Print a trace of simple commands, @code{for} commands, @code{case}
+commands, @code{select} commands, and arithmetic @code{for} commands
+and their arguments or associated word lists after they are
+expanded and before they are executed. The value of the @env{PS4}
+variable is expanded and the resultant value is printed before
+the command and its expanded arguments.
+
+@item -B
+The shell will perform brace expansion (@pxref{Brace Expansion}).
+This option is on by default.
+
+@item -C
+Prevent output redirection using @samp{>}, @samp{>&}, and @samp{<>}
+from overwriting existing files.
+
+@item -E
+If set, any trap on @code{ERR} is inherited by shell functions, command
+substitutions, and commands executed in a subshell environment.
+The @code{ERR} trap is normally not inherited in such cases.
+
+@item -H
+Enable @samp{!} style history substitution (@pxref{History Interaction}).
+This option is on by default for interactive shells.
+
+@item -P
+If set, do not resolve symbolic links when performing commands such as
+@code{cd} which change the current directory. The physical directory
+is used instead. By default, Bash follows
+the logical chain of directories when performing commands
+which change the current directory.
+
+For example, if @file{/usr/sys} is a symbolic link to @file{/usr/local/sys}
+then:
+@example
+$ cd /usr/sys; echo $PWD
+/usr/sys
+$ cd ..; pwd
+/usr
+@end example
+
+@noindent
+If @code{set -P} is on, then:
+@example
+$ cd /usr/sys; echo $PWD
+/usr/local/sys
+$ cd ..; pwd
+/usr/local
+@end example
+
+@item -T
+If set, any trap on @code{DEBUG} and @code{RETURN} are inherited by
+shell functions, command substitutions, and commands executed
+in a subshell environment.
+The @code{DEBUG} and @code{RETURN} traps are normally not inherited
+in such cases.
+
+@item --
+If no arguments follow this option, then the positional parameters are
+unset. Otherwise, the positional parameters are set to the
+@var{arguments}, even if some of them begin with a @samp{-}.
+
+@item -
+Signal the end of options, cause all remaining @var{arguments}
+to be assigned to the positional parameters. The @option{-x}
+and @option{-v} options are turned off.
+If there are no arguments, the positional parameters remain unchanged.
+@end table
+
+Using @samp{+} rather than @samp{-} causes these options to be
+turned off. The options can also be used upon invocation of the
+shell. The current set of options may be found in @code{$-}.
+
+The remaining N @var{arguments} are positional parameters and are
+assigned, in order, to @code{$1}, @code{$2}, @dots{} @code{$N}.
+The special parameter @code{#} is set to N.
+
+The return status is always zero unless an invalid option is supplied.
+@end table
+
+@node The Shopt Builtin
+@subsection The Shopt Builtin
+
+This builtin allows you to change additional shell optional behavior.
+
+@table @code
+
+@item shopt
+@btindex shopt
+@example
+shopt [-pqsu] [-o] [@var{optname} @dots{}]
+@end example
+
+Toggle the values of settings controlling optional shell behavior.
+The settings can be either those listed below, or, if the
+@option{-o} option is used, those available with the @option{-o}
+option to the @code{set} builtin command (@pxref{The Set Builtin}).
+With no options, or with the @option{-p} option, a list of all settable
+options is displayed, with an indication of whether or not each is set.
+The @option{-p} option causes output to be displayed in a form that
+may be reused as input.
+Other options have the following meanings:
+
+@table @code
+@item -s
+Enable (set) each @var{optname}.
+
+@item -u
+Disable (unset) each @var{optname}.
+
+@item -q
+Suppresses normal output; the return status
+indicates whether the @var{optname} is set or unset.
+If multiple @var{optname} arguments are given with @option{-q},
+the return status is zero if all @var{optnames} are enabled;
+non-zero otherwise.
+
+@item -o
+Restricts the values of
+@var{optname} to be those defined for the @option{-o} option to the
+@code{set} builtin (@pxref{The Set Builtin}).
+@end table
+
+If either @option{-s} or @option{-u}
+is used with no @var{optname} arguments, @code{shopt} shows only
+those options which are set or unset, respectively.
+
+Unless otherwise noted, the @code{shopt} options are disabled (off)
+by default.
+
+The return status when listing options is zero if all @var{optnames}
+are enabled, non-zero otherwise. When setting or unsetting options,
+the return status is zero unless an @var{optname} is not a valid shell
+option.
+
+The list of @code{shopt} options is:
+@table @code
+
+@item autocd
+If set, a command name that is the name of a directory is executed as if
+it were the argument to the @code{cd} command.
+This option is only used by interactive shells.
+
+@item cdable_vars
+If this is set, an argument to the @code{cd} builtin command that
+is not a directory is assumed to be the name of a variable whose
+value is the directory to change to.
+
+@item cdspell
+If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory component in a
+@code{cd} command will be corrected.
+The errors checked for are transposed characters,
+a missing character, and a character too many.
+If a correction is found, the corrected path is printed,
+and the command proceeds.
+This option is only used by interactive shells.
+
+@item checkhash
+If this is set, Bash checks that a command found in the hash
+table exists before trying to execute it. If a hashed command no
+longer exists, a normal path search is performed.
+
+@item checkjobs
+If set, Bash lists the status of any stopped and running jobs before
+exiting an interactive shell. If any jobs are running, this causes
+the exit to be deferred until a second exit is attempted without an
+intervening command (@pxref{Job Control}).
+The shell always postpones exiting if any jobs are stopped.
+
+@item checkwinsize
+If set, Bash checks the window size after each command
+ and, if necessary, updates the values of
+@env{LINES} and @env{COLUMNS}.
+
+@item cmdhist
+If set, Bash
+attempts to save all lines of a multiple-line
+command in the same history entry. This allows
+easy re-editing of multi-line commands.
+
+@item compat31
+If set, Bash
+changes its behavior to that of version 3.1 with respect to quoted
+arguments to the conditional command's @samp{=~} operator
+and with respect to locale-specific
+string comparison when using the @code{[[}
+conditional command's @samp{<} and @samp{>} operators.
+Bash versions prior to bash-4.1 use ASCII collation and strcmp(3);
+bash-4.1 and later use the current locale's collation sequence and strcoll(3).
+
+@item compat32
+If set, Bash
+changes its behavior to that of version 3.2 with respect to locale-specific
+string comparison when using the @code{[[}
+conditional command's @samp{<} and @samp{>} operators (see previous item).
+
+@item compat40
+If set, Bash
+changes its behavior to that of version 4.0 with respect to locale-specific
+string comparison when using the @code{[[}
+conditional command's @samp{<} and @samp{>} operators (see description
+of @code{compat31})
+and the effect of interrupting a command list.
+Bash versions 4.0 and later interrupt the list as if the shell received the
+interrupt; previous versions continue with the next command in the list.
+
+@item compat41
+If set, Bash, when in @sc{posix} mode, treats a single quote in a double-quoted
+parameter expansion as a special character. The single quotes must match
+(an even number) and the characters between the single quotes are considered
+quoted. This is the behavior of @sc{posix} mode through version 4.1.
+The default Bash behavior remains as in previous versions.
+
+@item compat42
+If set, Bash
+does not process the replacement string in the pattern substitution word
+expansion using quote removal.
+
+@item complete_fullquote
+If set, Bash
+quotes all shell metacharacters in filenames and directory names when
+performing completion.
+If not set, Bash
+removes metacharacters such as the dollar sign from the set of
+characters that will be quoted in completed filenames
+when these metacharacters appear in shell variable references in words to be
+completed.
+This means that dollar signs in variable names that expand to directories
+will not be quoted;
+however, any dollar signs appearing in filenames will not be quoted, either.
+This is active only when bash is using backslashes to quote completed
+filenames.
+This variable is set by default, which is the default Bash behavior in
+versions through 4.2.
+
+@item direxpand
+If set, Bash
+replaces directory names with the results of word expansion when performing
+filename completion. This changes the contents of the readline editing
+buffer.
+If not set, Bash attempts to preserve what the user typed.
+
+@item dirspell
+If set, Bash
+attempts spelling correction on directory names during word completion
+if the directory name initially supplied does not exist.
+
+@item dotglob
+If set, Bash includes filenames beginning with a `.' in
+the results of filename expansion.
+
+@item execfail
+If this is set, a non-interactive shell will not exit if
+it cannot execute the file specified as an argument to the @code{exec}
+builtin command. An interactive shell does not exit if @code{exec}
+fails.
+
+@item expand_aliases
+If set, aliases are expanded as described below under Aliases,
+@ref{Aliases}.
+This option is enabled by default for interactive shells.
+
+@item extdebug
+If set, behavior intended for use by debuggers is enabled:
+
+@enumerate
+@item
+The @option{-F} option to the @code{declare} builtin (@pxref{Bash Builtins})
+displays the source file name and line number corresponding to each function
+name supplied as an argument.
+
+@item
+If the command run by the @code{DEBUG} trap returns a non-zero value, the
+next command is skipped and not executed.
+
+@item
+If the command run by the @code{DEBUG} trap returns a value of 2, and the
+shell is executing in a subroutine (a shell function or a shell script
+executed by the @code{.} or @code{source} builtins), a call to
+@code{return} is simulated.
+
+@item
+@code{BASH_ARGC} and @code{BASH_ARGV} are updated as described in their
+descriptions (@pxref{Bash Variables}).
+
+@item
+Function tracing is enabled: command substitution, shell functions, and
+subshells invoked with @code{( @var{command} )} inherit the
+@code{DEBUG} and @code{RETURN} traps.
+
+@item
+Error tracing is enabled: command substitution, shell functions, and
+subshells invoked with @code{( @var{command} )} inherit the
+@code{ERR} trap.
+@end enumerate
+
+@item extglob
+If set, the extended pattern matching features described above
+(@pxref{Pattern Matching}) are enabled.
+
+@item extquote
+If set, @code{$'@var{string}'} and @code{$"@var{string}"} quoting is
+performed within @code{$@{@var{parameter}@}} expansions
+enclosed in double quotes. This option is enabled by default.
+
+@item failglob
+If set, patterns which fail to match filenames during filename expansion
+result in an expansion error.
+
+@item force_fignore
+If set, the suffixes specified by the @env{FIGNORE} shell variable
+cause words to be ignored when performing word completion even if
+the ignored words are the only possible completions.
+@xref{Bash Variables}, for a description of @env{FIGNORE}.
+This option is enabled by default.
+
+@item globasciiranges
+If set, range expressions used in pattern matching bracket expressions
+(@pxref{Pattern Matching})
+behave as if in the traditional C locale when performing
+comparisons. That is, the current locale's collating sequence
+is not taken into account, so
+@samp{b} will not collate between @samp{A} and @samp{B},
+and upper-case and lower-case ASCII characters will collate together.
+
+@item globstar
+If set, the pattern @samp{**} used in a filename expansion context will
+match all files and zero or more directories and subdirectories.
+If the pattern is followed by a @samp{/}, only directories and
+subdirectories match.
+
+@item gnu_errfmt
+If set, shell error messages are written in the standard @sc{gnu} error
+message format.
+
+@item histappend
+If set, the history list is appended to the file named by the value
+of the @env{HISTFILE}
+variable when the shell exits, rather than overwriting the file.
+
+@item histreedit
+If set, and Readline
+is being used, a user is given the opportunity to re-edit a
+failed history substitution.
+
+@item histverify
+If set, and Readline
+is being used, the results of history substitution are not immediately
+passed to the shell parser. Instead, the resulting line is loaded into
+the Readline editing buffer, allowing further modification.
+
+@item hostcomplete
+If set, and Readline is being used, Bash will attempt to perform
+hostname completion when a word containing a @samp{@@} is being
+completed (@pxref{Commands For Completion}). This option is enabled
+by default.
+
+@item huponexit
+If set, Bash will send @code{SIGHUP} to all jobs when an interactive
+login shell exits (@pxref{Signals}).
+
+@item interactive_comments
+Allow a word beginning with @samp{#}
+to cause that word and all remaining characters on that
+line to be ignored in an interactive shell.
+This option is enabled by default.
+
+@item lastpipe
+If set, and job control is not active, the shell runs the last command of
+a pipeline not executed in the background in the current shell environment.
+
+@item lithist
+If enabled, and the @code{cmdhist}
+option is enabled, multi-line commands are saved to the history with
+embedded newlines rather than using semicolon separators where possible.
+
+@item login_shell
+The shell sets this option if it is started as a login shell
+(@pxref{Invoking Bash}).
+The value may not be changed.
+
+@item mailwarn
+If set, and a file that Bash is checking for mail has been
+accessed since the last time it was checked, the message
+@code{"The mail in @var{mailfile} has been read"} is displayed.
+
+@item no_empty_cmd_completion
+If set, and Readline is being used, Bash will not attempt to search
+the @env{PATH} for possible completions when completion is attempted
+on an empty line.
+
+@item nocaseglob
+If set, Bash matches filenames in a case-insensitive fashion when
+performing filename expansion.
+
+@item nocasematch
+If set, Bash matches patterns in a case-insensitive fashion when
+performing matching while executing @code{case} or @code{[[}
+conditional commands.
+
+@item nullglob
+If set, Bash allows filename patterns which match no
+files to expand to a null string, rather than themselves.
+
+@item progcomp
+If set, the programmable completion facilities
+(@pxref{Programmable Completion}) are enabled.
+This option is enabled by default.
+
+@item promptvars
+If set, prompt strings undergo
+parameter expansion, command substitution, arithmetic
+expansion, and quote removal after being expanded
+as described below (@pxref{Controlling the Prompt}).
+This option is enabled by default.
+
+@item restricted_shell
+The shell sets this option if it is started in restricted mode
+(@pxref{The Restricted Shell}).
+The value may not be changed.
+This is not reset when the startup files are executed, allowing
+the startup files to discover whether or not a shell is restricted.
+
+@item shift_verbose
+If this is set, the @code{shift}
+builtin prints an error message when the shift count exceeds the
+number of positional parameters.
+
+@item sourcepath
+If set, the @code{source} builtin uses the value of @env{PATH}
+to find the directory containing the file supplied as an argument.
+This option is enabled by default.
+
+@item xpg_echo
+If set, the @code{echo} builtin expands backslash-escape sequences
+by default.
+
+@end table
+
+@noindent
+The return status when listing options is zero if all @var{optnames}
+are enabled, non-zero otherwise.
+When setting or unsetting options, the return status is zero unless an
+@var{optname} is not a valid shell option.
+@end table
+
+@node Special Builtins
+@section Special Builtins
+@cindex special builtin
+
+For historical reasons, the @sc{posix} standard has classified
+several builtin commands as @emph{special}.
+When Bash is executing in @sc{posix} mode, the special builtins
+differ from other builtin commands in three respects:
+
+@enumerate
+@item
+Special builtins are found before shell functions during command lookup.
+
+@item
+If a special builtin returns an error status, a non-interactive shell exits.
+
+@item
+Assignment statements preceding the command stay in effect in the shell
+environment after the command completes.
+@end enumerate
+
+When Bash is not executing in @sc{posix} mode, these builtins behave no
+differently than the rest of the Bash builtin commands.
+The Bash @sc{posix} mode is described in @ref{Bash POSIX Mode}.
+
+These are the @sc{posix} special builtins:
+@example
+@w{break : . continue eval exec exit export readonly return set}
+@w{shift trap unset}
+@end example
+
+@node Shell Variables
+@chapter Shell Variables
+
+@menu
+* Bourne Shell Variables:: Variables which Bash uses in the same way
+ as the Bourne Shell.
+* Bash Variables:: List of variables that exist in Bash.
+@end menu
+
+This chapter describes the shell variables that Bash uses.
+Bash automatically assigns default values to a number of variables.
+
+@node Bourne Shell Variables
+@section Bourne Shell Variables
+
+Bash uses certain shell variables in the same way as the Bourne shell.
+In some cases, Bash assigns a default value to the variable.
+
+@vtable @code
+
+@item CDPATH
+A colon-separated list of directories used as a search path for
+the @code{cd} builtin command.
+
+@item HOME
+The current user's home directory; the default for the @code{cd} builtin
+command.
+The value of this variable is also used by tilde expansion
+(@pxref{Tilde Expansion}).
+
+@item IFS
+A list of characters that separate fields; used when the shell splits
+words as part of expansion.
+
+@item MAIL
+If this parameter is set to a filename or directory name
+and the @env{MAILPATH} variable
+is not set, Bash informs the user of the arrival of mail in
+the specified file or Maildir-format directory.
+
+@item MAILPATH
+A colon-separated list of filenames which the shell periodically checks
+for new mail.
+Each list entry can specify the message that is printed when new mail
+arrives in the mail file by separating the filename from the message with
+a @samp{?}.
+When used in the text of the message, @code{$_} expands to the name of
+the current mail file.
+
+@item OPTARG
+The value of the last option argument processed by the @code{getopts} builtin.
+
+@item OPTIND
+The index of the last option argument processed by the @code{getopts} builtin.
+
+@item PATH
+A colon-separated list of directories in which the shell looks for
+commands.
+A zero-length (null) directory name in the value of @code{PATH} indicates the
+current directory.
+A null directory name may appear as two adjacent colons, or as an initial
+or trailing colon.
+
+
+@item PS1
+The primary prompt string. The default value is @samp{\s-\v\$ }.
+@xref{Controlling the Prompt}, for the complete list of escape
+sequences that are expanded before @env{PS1} is displayed.
+
+@item PS2
+The secondary prompt string. The default value is @samp{> }.
+
+@end vtable
+
+@node Bash Variables
+@section Bash Variables
+
+These variables are set or used by Bash, but other shells
+do not normally treat them specially.
+
+A few variables used by Bash are described in different chapters:
+variables for controlling the job control facilities
+(@pxref{Job Control Variables}).
+
+@vtable @code
+
+@item BASH
+The full pathname used to execute the current instance of Bash.
+
+@item BASHOPTS
+A colon-separated list of enabled shell options. Each word in
+the list is a valid argument for the @option{-s} option to the
+@code{shopt} builtin command (@pxref{The Shopt Builtin}).
+The options appearing in @env{BASHOPTS} are those reported
+as @samp{on} by @samp{shopt}.
+If this variable is in the environment when Bash
+starts up, each shell option in the list will be enabled before
+reading any startup files. This variable is readonly.
+
+@item BASHPID
+Expands to the process ID of the current Bash process.
+This differs from @code{$$} under certain circumstances, such as subshells
+that do not require Bash to be re-initialized.
+
+@item BASH_ALIASES
+An associative array variable whose members correspond to the internal
+list of aliases as maintained by the @code{alias} builtin.
+(@pxref{Bourne Shell Builtins}).
+Elements added to this array appear in the alias list; unsetting array
+elements cause aliases to be removed from the alias list.
+
+@item BASH_ARGC
+An array variable whose values are the number of parameters in each
+frame of the current bash execution call stack. The number of
+parameters to the current subroutine (shell function or script executed
+with @code{.} or @code{source}) is at the top of the stack. When a
+subroutine is executed, the number of parameters passed is pushed onto
+@code{BASH_ARGC}.
+The shell sets @code{BASH_ARGC} only when in extended debugging mode
+(see @ref{The Shopt Builtin}
+for a description of the @code{extdebug} option to the @code{shopt}
+builtin).
+
+@item BASH_ARGV
+An array variable containing all of the parameters in the current bash
+execution call stack. The final parameter of the last subroutine call
+is at the top of the stack; the first parameter of the initial call is
+at the bottom. When a subroutine is executed, the parameters supplied
+are pushed onto @code{BASH_ARGV}.
+The shell sets @code{BASH_ARGV} only when in extended debugging mode
+(see @ref{The Shopt Builtin}
+for a description of the @code{extdebug} option to the @code{shopt}
+builtin).
+
+@item BASH_CMDS
+An associative array variable whose members correspond to the internal
+hash table of commands as maintained by the @code{hash} builtin
+(@pxref{Bourne Shell Builtins}).
+Elements added to this array appear in the hash table; unsetting array
+elements cause commands to be removed from the hash table.
+
+@item BASH_COMMAND
+The command currently being executed or about to be executed, unless the
+shell is executing a command as the result of a trap,
+in which case it is the command executing at the time of the trap.
+
+@item BASH_COMPAT
+The value is used to set the shell's compatibility level.
+@xref{The Shopt Builtin}, for a description of the various compatibility
+levels and their effects.
+The value may be a decimal number (e.g., 4.2) or an integer (e.g., 42)
+corresponding to the desired compatibility level.
+If @code{BASH_COMPAT} is unset or set to the empty string, the compatibility
+level is set to the default for the current version.
+If @code{BASH_COMPAT} is set to a value that is not one of the valid
+compatibility levels, the shell prints an error message and sets the
+compatibility level to the default for the current version.
+The valid compatibility levels correspond to the compatibility options
+accepted by the @code{shopt} builtin described above (for example,
+@var{compat42} means that 4.2 and 42 are valid values).
+The current version is also a valid value.
+
+@item BASH_ENV
+If this variable is set when Bash is invoked to execute a shell
+script, its value is expanded and used as the name of a startup file
+to read before executing the script. @xref{Bash Startup Files}.
+
+@item BASH_EXECUTION_STRING
+The command argument to the @option{-c} invocation option.
+
+@item BASH_LINENO
+An array variable whose members are the line numbers in source files
+where each corresponding member of @var{FUNCNAME} was invoked.
+@code{$@{BASH_LINENO[$i]@}} is the line number in the source file
+(@code{$@{BASH_SOURCE[$i+1]@}}) where
+@code{$@{FUNCNAME[$i]@}} was called (or @code{$@{BASH_LINENO[$i-1]@}} if
+referenced within another shell function).
+Use @code{LINENO} to obtain the current line number.
+
+@item BASH_REMATCH
+An array variable whose members are assigned by the @samp{=~} binary
+operator to the @code{[[} conditional command
+(@pxref{Conditional Constructs}).
+The element with index 0 is the portion of the string
+matching the entire regular expression.
+The element with index @var{n} is the portion of the
+string matching the @var{n}th parenthesized subexpression.
+This variable is read-only.
+
+@item BASH_SOURCE
+An array variable whose members are the source filenames where the
+corresponding shell function names in the @code{FUNCNAME} array
+variable are defined.
+The shell function @code{$@{FUNCNAME[$i]@}} is defined in the file
+@code{$@{BASH_SOURCE[$i]@}} and called from @code{$@{BASH_SOURCE[$i+1]@}}
+
+@item BASH_SUBSHELL
+Incremented by one within each subshell or subshell environment when
+the shell begins executing in that environment.
+The initial value is 0.
+
+@item BASH_VERSINFO
+A readonly array variable (@pxref{Arrays})
+whose members hold version information for this instance of Bash.
+The values assigned to the array members are as follows:
+
+@table @code
+
+@item BASH_VERSINFO[0]
+The major version number (the @var{release}).
+
+@item BASH_VERSINFO[1]
+The minor version number (the @var{version}).
+
+@item BASH_VERSINFO[2]
+The patch level.
+
+@item BASH_VERSINFO[3]
+The build version.
+
+@item BASH_VERSINFO[4]
+The release status (e.g., @var{beta1}).
+
+@item BASH_VERSINFO[5]
+The value of @env{MACHTYPE}.
+@end table
+
+@item BASH_VERSION
+The version number of the current instance of Bash.
+
+@item BASH_XTRACEFD
+If set to an integer corresponding to a valid file descriptor, Bash
+will write the trace output generated when @samp{set -x}
+is enabled to that file descriptor.
+This allows tracing output to be separated from diagnostic and error
+messages.
+The file descriptor is closed when @code{BASH_XTRACEFD} is unset or assigned
+a new value.
+Unsetting @code{BASH_XTRACEFD} or assigning it the empty string causes the
+trace output to be sent to the standard error.
+Note that setting @code{BASH_XTRACEFD} to 2 (the standard error file
+descriptor) and then unsetting it will result in the standard error
+being closed.
+
+@item CHILD_MAX
+Set the number of exited child status values for the shell to remember.
+Bash will not allow this value to be decreased below a @sc{posix}-mandated
+minimum, and there is a maximum value (currently 8192) that this may
+not exceed.
+The minimum value is system-dependent.
+
+@item COLUMNS
+Used by the @code{select} command to determine the terminal width
+when printing selection lists.
+Automatically set if the @code{checkwinsize} option is enabled
+(@pxref{The Shopt Builtin}), or in an interactive shell upon receipt of a
+@code{SIGWINCH}.
+
+@item COMP_CWORD
+An index into @env{$@{COMP_WORDS@}} of the word containing the current
+cursor position.
+This variable is available only in shell functions invoked by the
+programmable completion facilities (@pxref{Programmable Completion}).
+
+@item COMP_LINE
+The current command line.
+This variable is available only in shell functions and external
+commands invoked by the
+programmable completion facilities (@pxref{Programmable Completion}).
+
+@item COMP_POINT
+The index of the current cursor position relative to the beginning of
+the current command.
+If the current cursor position is at the end of the current command,
+the value of this variable is equal to @code{$@{#COMP_LINE@}}.
+This variable is available only in shell functions and external
+commands invoked by the
+programmable completion facilities (@pxref{Programmable Completion}).
+
+@item COMP_TYPE
+Set to an integer value corresponding to the type of completion attempted
+that caused a completion function to be called:
+@var{TAB}, for normal completion,
+@samp{?}, for listing completions after successive tabs,
+@samp{!}, for listing alternatives on partial word completion,
+@samp{@@}, to list completions if the word is not unmodified,
+or
+@samp{%}, for menu completion.
+This variable is available only in shell functions and external
+commands invoked by the
+programmable completion facilities (@pxref{Programmable Completion}).
+
+@item COMP_KEY
+The key (or final key of a key sequence) used to invoke the current
+completion function.
+
+@item COMP_WORDBREAKS
+The set of characters that the Readline library treats as word
+separators when performing word completion.
+If @code{COMP_WORDBREAKS} is unset, it loses its special properties,
+even if it is subsequently reset.
+
+@item COMP_WORDS
+An array variable consisting of the individual
+words in the current command line.
+The line is split into words as Readline would split it, using
+@code{COMP_WORDBREAKS} as described above.
+This variable is available only in shell functions invoked by the
+programmable completion facilities (@pxref{Programmable Completion}).
+
+@item COMPREPLY
+An array variable from which Bash reads the possible completions
+generated by a shell function invoked by the programmable completion
+facility (@pxref{Programmable Completion}).
+Each array element contains one possible completion.
+
+@item COPROC
+An array variable created to hold the file descriptors
+for output from and input to an unnamed coprocess (@pxref{Coprocesses}).
+
+@item DIRSTACK
+An array variable containing the current contents of the directory stack.
+Directories appear in the stack in the order they are displayed by the
+@code{dirs} builtin.
+Assigning to members of this array variable may be used to modify
+directories already in the stack, but the @code{pushd} and @code{popd}
+builtins must be used to add and remove directories.
+Assignment to this variable will not change the current directory.
+If @env{DIRSTACK} is unset, it loses its special properties, even if
+it is subsequently reset.
+
+@item EMACS
+If Bash finds this variable in the environment when the shell
+starts with value @samp{t}, it assumes that the shell is running in an
+Emacs shell buffer and disables line editing.
+
+@item ENV
+Similar to @code{BASH_ENV}; used when the shell is invoked in
+@sc{posix} Mode (@pxref{Bash POSIX Mode}).
+
+@item EUID
+The numeric effective user id of the current user. This variable
+is readonly.
+
+@item FCEDIT
+The editor used as a default by the @option{-e} option to the @code{fc}
+builtin command.
+
+@item FIGNORE
+A colon-separated list of suffixes to ignore when performing
+filename completion.
+A filename whose suffix matches one of the entries in
+@env{FIGNORE}
+is excluded from the list of matched filenames. A sample
+value is @samp{.o:~}
+
+@item FUNCNAME
+An array variable containing the names of all shell functions
+currently in the execution call stack.
+The element with index 0 is the name of any currently-executing
+shell function.
+The bottom-most element (the one with the highest index)
+is @code{"main"}.
+This variable exists only when a shell function is executing.
+Assignments to @env{FUNCNAME} have no effect and return an error status.
+If @env{FUNCNAME} is unset, it loses its special properties, even if
+it is subsequently reset.
+
+This variable can be used with @code{BASH_LINENO} and @code{BASH_SOURCE}.
+Each element of @code{FUNCNAME} has corresponding elements in
+@code{BASH_LINENO} and @code{BASH_SOURCE} to describe the call stack.
+For instance, @code{$@{FUNCNAME[$i]@}} was called from the file
+@code{$@{BASH_SOURCE[$i+1]@}} at line number @code{$@{BASH_LINENO[$i]@}}.
+The @code{caller} builtin displays the current call stack using this
+information.
+
+@item FUNCNEST
+If set to a numeric value greater than 0, defines a maximum function
+nesting level. Function invocations that exceed this nesting level
+will cause the current command to abort.
+
+@item GLOBIGNORE
+A colon-separated list of patterns defining the set of filenames to
+be ignored by filename expansion.
+If a filename matched by a filename expansion pattern also matches one
+of the patterns in @env{GLOBIGNORE}, it is removed from the list
+of matches.
+
+@item GROUPS
+An array variable containing the list of groups of which the current
+user is a member.
+Assignments to @env{GROUPS} have no effect and return an error status.
+If @env{GROUPS} is unset, it loses its special properties, even if it is
+subsequently reset.
+
+@item histchars
+Up to three characters which control history expansion, quick
+substitution, and tokenization (@pxref{History Interaction}).
+The first character is the
+@var{history expansion} character, that is, the character which signifies the
+start of a history expansion, normally @samp{!}. The second character is the
+character which signifies `quick substitution' when seen as the first
+character on a line, normally @samp{^}. The optional third character is the
+character which indicates that the remainder of the line is a comment when
+found as the first character of a word, usually @samp{#}. The history
+comment character causes history substitution to be skipped for the
+remaining words on the line. It does not necessarily cause the shell
+parser to treat the rest of the line as a comment.
+
+@item HISTCMD
+The history number, or index in the history list, of the current
+command. If @env{HISTCMD} is unset, it loses its special properties,
+even if it is subsequently reset.
+
+@item HISTCONTROL
+A colon-separated list of values controlling how commands are saved on
+the history list.
+If the list of values includes @samp{ignorespace}, lines which begin
+with a space character are not saved in the history list.
+A value of @samp{ignoredups} causes lines which match the previous
+history entry to not be saved.
+A value of @samp{ignoreboth} is shorthand for
+@samp{ignorespace} and @samp{ignoredups}.
+A value of @samp{erasedups} causes all previous lines matching the
+current line to be removed from the history list before that line
+is saved.
+Any value not in the above list is ignored.
+If @env{HISTCONTROL} is unset, or does not include a valid value,
+all lines read by the shell parser are saved on the history list,
+subject to the value of @env{HISTIGNORE}.
+The second and subsequent lines of a multi-line compound command are
+not tested, and are added to the history regardless of the value of
+@env{HISTCONTROL}.
+
+@item HISTFILE
+The name of the file to which the command history is saved. The
+default value is @file{~/.bash_history}.
+
+@item HISTFILESIZE
+The maximum number of lines contained in the history file.
+When this variable is assigned a value, the history file is truncated,
+if necessary, to contain no more than that number of lines
+by removing the oldest entries.
+The history file is also truncated to this size after
+writing it when a shell exits.
+If the value is 0, the history file is truncated to zero size.
+Non-numeric values and numeric values less than zero inhibit truncation.
+The shell sets the default value to the value of @env{HISTSIZE}
+after reading any startup files.
+
+@item HISTIGNORE
+A colon-separated list of patterns used to decide which command
+lines should be saved on the history list. Each pattern is
+anchored at the beginning of the line and must match the complete
+line (no implicit @samp{*} is appended). Each pattern is tested
+against the line after the checks specified by @env{HISTCONTROL}
+are applied. In addition to the normal shell pattern matching
+characters, @samp{&} matches the previous history line. @samp{&}
+may be escaped using a backslash; the backslash is removed
+before attempting a match.
+The second and subsequent lines of a multi-line compound command are
+not tested, and are added to the history regardless of the value of
+@env{HISTIGNORE}.
+
+@env{HISTIGNORE} subsumes the function of @env{HISTCONTROL}. A
+pattern of @samp{&} is identical to @code{ignoredups}, and a
+pattern of @samp{[ ]*} is identical to @code{ignorespace}.
+Combining these two patterns, separating them with a colon,
+provides the functionality of @code{ignoreboth}.
+
+@item HISTSIZE
+The maximum number of commands to remember on the history list.
+If the value is 0, commands are not saved in the history list.
+Numeric values less than zero result in every command being saved
+on the history list (there is no limit).
+The shell sets the default value to 500 after reading any startup files.
+
+@item HISTTIMEFORMAT
+If this variable is set and not null, its value is used as a format string
+for @var{strftime} to print the time stamp associated with each history
+entry displayed by the @code{history} builtin.
+If this variable is set, time stamps are written to the history file so
+they may be preserved across shell sessions.
+This uses the history comment character to distinguish timestamps from
+other history lines.
+
+@item HOSTFILE
+Contains the name of a file in the same format as @file{/etc/hosts} that
+should be read when the shell needs to complete a hostname.
+The list of possible hostname completions may be changed while the shell
+is running;
+the next time hostname completion is attempted after the
+value is changed, Bash adds the contents of the new file to the
+existing list.
+If @env{HOSTFILE} is set, but has no value, or does not name a readable file,
+Bash attempts to read
+@file{/etc/hosts} to obtain the list of possible hostname completions.
+When @env{HOSTFILE} is unset, the hostname list is cleared.
+
+@item HOSTNAME
+The name of the current host.
+
+@item HOSTTYPE
+A string describing the machine Bash is running on.
+
+@item IGNOREEOF
+Controls the action of the shell on receipt of an @code{EOF} character
+as the sole input. If set, the value denotes the number
+of consecutive @code{EOF} characters that can be read as the
+first character on an input line
+before the shell will exit. If the variable exists but does not
+have a numeric value (or has no value) then the default is 10.
+If the variable does not exist, then @code{EOF} signifies the end of
+input to the shell. This is only in effect for interactive shells.
+
+@item INPUTRC
+The name of the Readline initialization file, overriding the default
+of @file{~/.inputrc}.
+
+@item LANG
+Used to determine the locale category for any category not specifically
+selected with a variable starting with @code{LC_}.
+
+@item LC_ALL
+This variable overrides the value of @env{LANG} and any other
+@code{LC_} variable specifying a locale category.
+
+@item LC_COLLATE
+This variable determines the collation order used when sorting the
+results of filename expansion, and
+determines the behavior of range expressions, equivalence classes,
+and collating sequences within filename expansion and pattern matching
+(@pxref{Filename Expansion}).
+
+@item LC_CTYPE
+This variable determines the interpretation of characters and the
+behavior of character classes within filename expansion and pattern
+matching (@pxref{Filename Expansion}).
+
+@item LC_MESSAGES
+This variable determines the locale used to translate double-quoted
+strings preceded by a @samp{$} (@pxref{Locale Translation}).
+
+@item LC_NUMERIC
+This variable determines the locale category used for number formatting.
+
+@item LINENO
+The line number in the script or shell function currently executing.
+
+@item LINES
+Used by the @code{select} command to determine the column length
+for printing selection lists.
+Automatically set if the @code{checkwinsize} option is enabled
+(@pxref{The Shopt Builtin}), or in an interactive shell upon receipt of a
+@code{SIGWINCH}.
+
+@item MACHTYPE
+A string that fully describes the system type on which Bash
+is executing, in the standard @sc{gnu} @var{cpu-company-system} format.
+
+@item MAILCHECK
+How often (in seconds) that the shell should check for mail in the
+files specified in the @env{MAILPATH} or @env{MAIL} variables.
+The default is 60 seconds. When it is time to check
+for mail, the shell does so before displaying the primary prompt.
+If this variable is unset, or set to a value that is not a number
+greater than or equal to zero, the shell disables mail checking.
+
+@item MAPFILE
+An array variable created to hold the text read by the
+@code{mapfile} builtin when no variable name is supplied.
+
+@item OLDPWD
+The previous working directory as set by the @code{cd} builtin.
+
+@item OPTERR
+If set to the value 1, Bash displays error messages
+generated by the @code{getopts} builtin command.
+
+@item OSTYPE
+A string describing the operating system Bash is running on.
+
+@item PIPESTATUS
+An array variable (@pxref{Arrays})
+containing a list of exit status values from the processes
+in the most-recently-executed foreground pipeline (which may
+contain only a single command).
+
+@item POSIXLY_CORRECT
+If this variable is in the environment when Bash starts, the shell
+enters @sc{posix} mode (@pxref{Bash POSIX Mode}) before reading the
+startup files, as if the @option{--posix} invocation option had been supplied.
+If it is set while the shell is running, Bash enables @sc{posix} mode,
+as if the command
+@example
+@code{set -o posix}
+@end example
+@noindent
+had been executed.
+
+@item PPID
+The process @sc{id} of the shell's parent process. This variable
+is readonly.
+
+@item PROMPT_COMMAND
+If set, the value is interpreted as a command to execute
+before the printing of each primary prompt (@env{$PS1}).
+
+@item PROMPT_DIRTRIM
+If set to a number greater than zero, the value is used as the number of
+trailing directory components to retain when expanding the @code{\w} and
+@code{\W} prompt string escapes (@pxref{Controlling the Prompt}).
+Characters removed are replaced with an ellipsis.
+
+@item PS3
+The value of this variable is used as the prompt for the
+@code{select} command. If this variable is not set, the
+@code{select} command prompts with @samp{#? }
+
+@item PS4
+The value is the prompt printed before the command line is echoed
+when the @option{-x} option is set (@pxref{The Set Builtin}).
+The first character of @env{PS4} is replicated multiple times, as
+necessary, to indicate multiple levels of indirection.
+The default is @samp{+ }.
+
+@item PWD
+The current working directory as set by the @code{cd} builtin.
+
+@item RANDOM
+Each time this parameter is referenced, a random integer
+between 0 and 32767 is generated. Assigning a value to this
+variable seeds the random number generator.
+
+@item READLINE_LINE
+The contents of the Readline line buffer, for use
+with @samp{bind -x} (@pxref{Bash Builtins}).
+
+@item READLINE_POINT
+The position of the insertion point in the Readline line buffer, for use
+with @samp{bind -x} (@pxref{Bash Builtins}).
+
+@item REPLY
+The default variable for the @code{read} builtin.
+
+@item SECONDS
+This variable expands to the number of seconds since the
+shell was started. Assignment to this variable resets
+the count to the value assigned, and the expanded value
+becomes the value assigned plus the number of seconds
+since the assignment.
+
+@item SHELL
+The full pathname to the shell is kept in this environment variable.
+If it is not set when the shell starts,
+Bash assigns to it the full pathname of the current user's login shell.
+
+@item SHELLOPTS
+A colon-separated list of enabled shell options. Each word in
+the list is a valid argument for the @option{-o} option to the
+@code{set} builtin command (@pxref{The Set Builtin}).
+The options appearing in @env{SHELLOPTS} are those reported
+as @samp{on} by @samp{set -o}.
+If this variable is in the environment when Bash
+starts up, each shell option in the list will be enabled before
+reading any startup files. This variable is readonly.
+
+@item SHLVL
+Incremented by one each time a new instance of Bash is started. This is
+intended to be a count of how deeply your Bash shells are nested.
+
+@item TIMEFORMAT
+The value of this parameter is used as a format string specifying
+how the timing information for pipelines prefixed with the @code{time}
+reserved word should be displayed.
+The @samp{%} character introduces an
+escape sequence that is expanded to a time value or other
+information.
+The escape sequences and their meanings are as
+follows; the braces denote optional portions.
+
+@table @code
+
+@item %%
+A literal @samp{%}.
+
+@item %[@var{p}][l]R
+The elapsed time in seconds.
+
+@item %[@var{p}][l]U
+The number of CPU seconds spent in user mode.
+
+@item %[@var{p}][l]S
+The number of CPU seconds spent in system mode.
+
+@item %P
+The CPU percentage, computed as (%U + %S) / %R.
+@end table
+
+The optional @var{p} is a digit specifying the precision, the number of
+fractional digits after a decimal point.
+A value of 0 causes no decimal point or fraction to be output.
+At most three places after the decimal point may be specified; values
+of @var{p} greater than 3 are changed to 3.
+If @var{p} is not specified, the value 3 is used.
+
+The optional @code{l} specifies a longer format, including minutes, of
+the form @var{MM}m@var{SS}.@var{FF}s.
+The value of @var{p} determines whether or not the fraction is included.
+
+If this variable is not set, Bash acts as if it had the value
+@example
+@code{$'\nreal\t%3lR\nuser\t%3lU\nsys\t%3lS'}
+@end example
+If the value is null, no timing information is displayed.
+A trailing newline is added when the format string is displayed.
+
+@item TMOUT
+If set to a value greater than zero, @code{TMOUT} is treated as the
+default timeout for the @code{read} builtin (@pxref{Bash Builtins}).
+The @code{select} command (@pxref{Conditional Constructs}) terminates
+if input does not arrive after @code{TMOUT} seconds when input is coming
+from a terminal.
+
+In an interactive shell, the value is interpreted as
+the number of seconds to wait for a line of input after issuing
+the primary prompt.
+Bash
+terminates after waiting for that number of seconds if a complete
+line of input does not arrive.
+
+@item TMPDIR
+If set, Bash uses its value as the name of a directory in which
+Bash creates temporary files for the shell's use.
+
+@item UID
+The numeric real user id of the current user. This variable is readonly.
+
+@end vtable
+
+@node Bash Features
+@chapter Bash Features
+
+This chapter describes features unique to Bash.
+
+@menu
+* Invoking Bash:: Command line options that you can give
+ to Bash.
+* Bash Startup Files:: When and how Bash executes scripts.
+* Interactive Shells:: What an interactive shell is.
+* Bash Conditional Expressions:: Primitives used in composing expressions for
+ the @code{test} builtin.
+* Shell Arithmetic:: Arithmetic on shell variables.
+* Aliases:: Substituting one command for another.
+* Arrays:: Array Variables.
+* The Directory Stack:: History of visited directories.
+* Controlling the Prompt:: Customizing the various prompt strings.
+* The Restricted Shell:: A more controlled mode of shell execution.
+* Bash POSIX Mode:: Making Bash behave more closely to what
+ the POSIX standard specifies.
+@end menu
+
+@node Invoking Bash
+@section Invoking Bash
+
+@example
+bash [long-opt] [-ir] [-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP] [-o @var{option}] [-O @var{shopt_option}] [@var{argument} @dots{}]
+bash [long-opt] [-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP] [-o @var{option}] [-O @var{shopt_option}] -c @var{string} [@var{argument} @dots{}]
+bash [long-opt] -s [-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP] [-o @var{option}] [-O @var{shopt_option}] [@var{argument} @dots{}]
+@end example
+
+All of the single-character options used with the @code{set} builtin
+(@pxref{The Set Builtin}) can be used as options when the shell is invoked.
+In addition, there are several multi-character
+options that you can use. These options must appear on the command
+line before the single-character options to be recognized.
+
+@table @code
+@item --debugger
+Arrange for the debugger profile to be executed before the shell
+starts. Turns on extended debugging mode (see @ref{The Shopt Builtin}
+for a description of the @code{extdebug} option to the @code{shopt}
+builtin).
+
+@item --dump-po-strings
+A list of all double-quoted strings preceded by @samp{$}
+is printed on the standard output
+in the @sc{gnu} @code{gettext} PO (portable object) file format.
+Equivalent to @option{-D} except for the output format.
+
+@item --dump-strings
+Equivalent to @option{-D}.
+
+@item --help
+Display a usage message on standard output and exit successfully.
+
+@item --init-file @var{filename}
+@itemx --rcfile @var{filename}
+Execute commands from @var{filename} (instead of @file{~/.bashrc})
+in an interactive shell.
+
+@item --login
+Equivalent to @option{-l}.
+
+@item --noediting
+Do not use the @sc{gnu} Readline library (@pxref{Command Line Editing})
+to read command lines when the shell is interactive.
+
+@item --noprofile
+Don't load the system-wide startup file @file{/etc/profile}
+or any of the personal initialization files
+@file{~/.bash_profile}, @file{~/.bash_login}, or @file{~/.profile}
+when Bash is invoked as a login shell.
+
+@item --norc
+Don't read the @file{~/.bashrc} initialization file in an
+interactive shell. This is on by default if the shell is
+invoked as @code{sh}.
+
+@item --posix
+Change the behavior of Bash where the default operation differs
+from the @sc{posix} standard to match the standard. This
+is intended to make Bash behave as a strict superset of that
+standard. @xref{Bash POSIX Mode}, for a description of the Bash
+@sc{posix} mode.
+
+@item --restricted
+Make the shell a restricted shell (@pxref{The Restricted Shell}).
+
+@item --verbose
+Equivalent to @option{-v}. Print shell input lines as they're read.
+
+@item --version
+Show version information for this instance of
+Bash on the standard output and exit successfully.
+@end table
+
+There are several single-character options that may be supplied at
+invocation which are not available with the @code{set} builtin.
+
+@table @code
+@item -c
+Read and execute commands from the first non-option @var{argument}
+after processing the options, then exit.
+Any remaining arguments are assigned to the
+positional parameters, starting with @code{$0}.
+
+@item -i
+Force the shell to run interactively. Interactive shells are
+described in @ref{Interactive Shells}.
+
+@item -l
+Make this shell act as if it had been directly invoked by login.
+When the shell is interactive, this is equivalent to starting a
+login shell with @samp{exec -l bash}.
+When the shell is not interactive, the login shell startup files will
+be executed.
+@samp{exec bash -l} or @samp{exec bash --login}
+will replace the current shell with a Bash login shell.
+@xref{Bash Startup Files}, for a description of the special behavior
+of a login shell.
+
+@item -r
+Make the shell a restricted shell (@pxref{The Restricted Shell}).
+
+@item -s
+If this option is present, or if no arguments remain after option
+processing, then commands are read from the standard input.
+This option allows the positional parameters to be set
+when invoking an interactive shell.
+
+@item -D
+A list of all double-quoted strings preceded by @samp{$}
+is printed on the standard output.
+These are the strings that
+are subject to language translation when the current locale
+is not @code{C} or @code{POSIX} (@pxref{Locale Translation}).
+This implies the @option{-n} option; no commands will be executed.
+
+@item [-+]O [@var{shopt_option}]
+@var{shopt_option} is one of the shell options accepted by the
+@code{shopt} builtin (@pxref{The Shopt Builtin}).
+If @var{shopt_option} is present, @option{-O} sets the value of that option;
+@option{+O} unsets it.
+If @var{shopt_option} is not supplied, the names and values of the shell
+options accepted by @code{shopt} are printed on the standard output.
+If the invocation option is @option{+O}, the output is displayed in a format
+that may be reused as input.
+
+@item --
+A @code{--} signals the end of options and disables further option
+processing.
+Any arguments after the @code{--} are treated as filenames and arguments.
+@end table
+
+@cindex login shell
+A @emph{login} shell is one whose first character of argument zero is
+@samp{-}, or one invoked with the @option{--login} option.
+
+@cindex interactive shell
+An @emph{interactive} shell is one started without non-option arguments,
+unless @option{-s} is specified,
+without specifying the @option{-c} option, and whose input and output are both
+connected to terminals (as determined by @code{isatty(3)}), or one
+started with the @option{-i} option. @xref{Interactive Shells}, for more
+information.
+
+If arguments remain after option processing, and neither the
+@option{-c} nor the @option{-s}
+option has been supplied, the first argument is assumed to
+be the name of a file containing shell commands (@pxref{Shell Scripts}).
+When Bash is invoked in this fashion, @code{$0}
+is set to the name of the file, and the positional parameters
+are set to the remaining arguments.
+Bash reads and executes commands from this file, then exits.
+Bash's exit status is the exit status of the last command executed
+in the script. If no commands are executed, the exit status is 0.
+
+@node Bash Startup Files
+@section Bash Startup Files
+@cindex startup files
+
+This section describes how Bash executes its startup files.
+If any of the files exist but cannot be read, Bash reports an error.
+Tildes are expanded in filenames as described above under
+Tilde Expansion (@pxref{Tilde Expansion}).
+
+Interactive shells are described in @ref{Interactive Shells}.
+
+@subsubheading Invoked as an interactive login shell, or with @option{--login}
+
+When Bash is invoked as an interactive login shell, or as a
+non-interactive shell with the @option{--login} option, it first reads and
+executes commands from the file @file{/etc/profile}, if that file exists.
+After reading that file, it looks for @file{~/.bash_profile},
+@file{~/.bash_login}, and @file{~/.profile}, in that order, and reads
+and executes commands from the first one that exists and is readable.
+The @option{--noprofile} option may be used when the shell is started to
+inhibit this behavior.
+
+When a login shell exits, Bash reads and executes commands from
+the file @file{~/.bash_logout}, if it exists.
+
+@subsubheading Invoked as an interactive non-login shell
+
+When an interactive shell that is not a login shell is started, Bash
+reads and executes commands from @file{~/.bashrc}, if that file exists.
+This may be inhibited by using the @option{--norc} option.
+The @option{--rcfile @var{file}} option will force Bash to read and
+execute commands from @var{file} instead of @file{~/.bashrc}.
+
+So, typically, your @file{~/.bash_profile} contains the line
+@example
+@code{if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then . ~/.bashrc; fi}
+@end example
+@noindent
+after (or before) any login-specific initializations.
+
+@subsubheading Invoked non-interactively
+
+When Bash is started non-interactively, to run a shell script,
+for example, it looks for the variable @env{BASH_ENV} in the environment,
+expands its value if it appears there, and uses the expanded value as
+the name of a file to read and execute. Bash behaves as if the
+following command were executed:
+@example
+@code{if [ -n "$BASH_ENV" ]; then . "$BASH_ENV"; fi}
+@end example
+@noindent
+but the value of the @env{PATH} variable is not used to search for the
+filename.
+
+As noted above, if a non-interactive shell is invoked with the
+@option{--login} option, Bash attempts to read and execute commands from the
+login shell startup files.
+
+@subsubheading Invoked with name @code{sh}
+
+If Bash is invoked with the name @code{sh}, it tries to mimic the
+startup behavior of historical versions of @code{sh} as closely as
+possible, while conforming to the @sc{posix} standard as well.
+
+When invoked as an interactive login shell, or as a non-interactive
+shell with the @option{--login} option, it first attempts to read
+and execute commands from @file{/etc/profile} and @file{~/.profile}, in
+that order.
+The @option{--noprofile} option may be used to inhibit this behavior.
+When invoked as an interactive shell with the name @code{sh}, Bash
+looks for the variable @env{ENV}, expands its value if it is defined,
+and uses the expanded value as the name of a file to read and execute.
+Since a shell invoked as @code{sh} does not attempt to read and execute
+commands from any other startup files, the @option{--rcfile} option has
+no effect.
+A non-interactive shell invoked with the name @code{sh} does not attempt
+to read any other startup files.
+
+When invoked as @code{sh}, Bash enters @sc{posix} mode after
+the startup files are read.
+
+@subsubheading Invoked in @sc{posix} mode
+
+When Bash is started in @sc{posix} mode, as with the
+@option{--posix} command line option, it follows the @sc{posix} standard
+for startup files.
+In this mode, interactive shells expand the @env{ENV} variable
+and commands are read and executed from the file whose name is the
+expanded value.
+No other startup files are read.
+
+@subsubheading Invoked by remote shell daemon
+
+Bash attempts to determine when it is being run with its standard input
+connected to a network connection, as when executed by the remote shell
+daemon, usually @code{rshd}, or the secure shell daemon @code{sshd}.
+If Bash determines it is being run in
+this fashion, it reads and executes commands from @file{~/.bashrc}, if that
+file exists and is readable.
+It will not do this if invoked as @code{sh}.
+The @option{--norc} option may be used to inhibit this behavior, and the
+@option{--rcfile} option may be used to force another file to be read, but
+neither @code{rshd} nor @code{sshd} generally invoke the shell with those
+options or allow them to be specified.
+
+@subsubheading Invoked with unequal effective and real @sc{uid/gid}s
+
+If Bash is started with the effective user (group) id not equal to the
+real user (group) id, and the @option{-p} option is not supplied, no startup
+files are read, shell functions are not inherited from the environment,
+the @env{SHELLOPTS}, @env{BASHOPTS}, @env{CDPATH}, and @env{GLOBIGNORE}
+variables, if they appear in the environment, are ignored, and the effective
+user id is set to the real user id.
+If the @option{-p} option is supplied at invocation, the startup behavior is
+the same, but the effective user id is not reset.
+
+@node Interactive Shells
+@section Interactive Shells
+@cindex interactive shell
+@cindex shell, interactive
+
+@menu
+* What is an Interactive Shell?:: What determines whether a shell is Interactive.
+* Is this Shell Interactive?:: How to tell if a shell is interactive.
+* Interactive Shell Behavior:: What changes in a interactive shell?
+@end menu
+
+@node What is an Interactive Shell?
+@subsection What is an Interactive Shell?
+
+An interactive shell
+is one started without non-option arguments, unless @option{-s} is
+specified, without specifying the @option{-c} option, and
+whose input and error output are both
+connected to terminals (as determined by @code{isatty(3)}),
+or one started with the @option{-i} option.
+
+An interactive shell generally reads from and writes to a user's
+terminal.
+
+The @option{-s} invocation option may be used to set the positional parameters
+when an interactive shell is started.
+
+@node Is this Shell Interactive?
+@subsection Is this Shell Interactive?
+
+To determine within a startup script whether or not Bash is
+running interactively,
+test the value of the @samp{-} special parameter.
+It contains @code{i} when the shell is interactive. For example:
+
+@example
+case "$-" in
+*i*) echo This shell is interactive ;;
+*) echo This shell is not interactive ;;
+esac
+@end example
+
+Alternatively, startup scripts may examine the variable
+@env{PS1}; it is unset in non-interactive shells, and set in
+interactive shells. Thus:
+
+@example
+if [ -z "$PS1" ]; then
+ echo This shell is not interactive
+else
+ echo This shell is interactive
+fi
+@end example
+
+@node Interactive Shell Behavior
+@subsection Interactive Shell Behavior
+
+When the shell is running interactively, it changes its behavior in
+several ways.
+
+@enumerate
+@item
+Startup files are read and executed as described in @ref{Bash Startup Files}.
+
+@item
+Job Control (@pxref{Job Control}) is enabled by default. When job
+control is in effect, Bash ignores the keyboard-generated job control
+signals @code{SIGTTIN}, @code{SIGTTOU}, and @code{SIGTSTP}.
+
+@item
+Bash expands and displays @env{PS1} before reading the first line
+of a command, and expands and displays @env{PS2} before reading the
+second and subsequent lines of a multi-line command.
+
+@item
+Bash executes the value of the @env{PROMPT_COMMAND} variable as a command
+before printing the primary prompt, @env{$PS1}
+(@pxref{Bash Variables}).
+
+@item
+Readline (@pxref{Command Line Editing}) is used to read commands from
+the user's terminal.
+
+@item
+Bash inspects the value of the @code{ignoreeof} option to @code{set -o}
+instead of exiting immediately when it receives an @code{EOF} on its
+standard input when reading a command (@pxref{The Set Builtin}).
+
+@item
+Command history (@pxref{Bash History Facilities})
+and history expansion (@pxref{History Interaction})
+are enabled by default.
+Bash will save the command history to the file named by @env{$HISTFILE}
+when a shell with history enabled exits.
+
+@item
+Alias expansion (@pxref{Aliases}) is performed by default.
+
+@item
+In the absence of any traps, Bash ignores @code{SIGTERM}
+(@pxref{Signals}).
+
+@item
+In the absence of any traps, @code{SIGINT} is caught and handled
+((@pxref{Signals}).
+@code{SIGINT} will interrupt some shell builtins.
+
+@item
+An interactive login shell sends a @code{SIGHUP} to all jobs on exit
+if the @code{huponexit} shell option has been enabled (@pxref{Signals}).
+
+@item
+The @option{-n} invocation option is ignored, and @samp{set -n} has
+no effect (@pxref{The Set Builtin}).
+
+@item
+Bash will check for mail periodically, depending on the values of the
+@env{MAIL}, @env{MAILPATH}, and @env{MAILCHECK} shell variables
+(@pxref{Bash Variables}).
+
+@item
+Expansion errors due to references to unbound shell variables after
+@samp{set -u} has been enabled will not cause the shell to exit
+(@pxref{The Set Builtin}).
+
+@item
+The shell will not exit on expansion errors caused by @var{var} being unset
+or null in @code{$@{@var{var}:?@var{word}@}} expansions
+(@pxref{Shell Parameter Expansion}).
+
+@item
+Redirection errors encountered by shell builtins will not cause the
+shell to exit.
+
+@item
+When running in @sc{posix} mode, a special builtin returning an error
+status will not cause the shell to exit (@pxref{Bash POSIX Mode}).
+
+@item
+A failed @code{exec} will not cause the shell to exit
+(@pxref{Bourne Shell Builtins}).
+
+@item
+Parser syntax errors will not cause the shell to exit.
+
+@item
+Simple spelling correction for directory arguments to the @code{cd}
+builtin is enabled by default (see the description of the @code{cdspell}
+option to the @code{shopt} builtin in @ref{The Shopt Builtin}).
+
+@item
+The shell will check the value of the @env{TMOUT} variable and exit
+if a command is not read within the specified number of seconds after
+printing @env{$PS1} (@pxref{Bash Variables}).
+
+@end enumerate
+
+@node Bash Conditional Expressions
+@section Bash Conditional Expressions
+@cindex expressions, conditional
+
+Conditional expressions are used by the @code{[[} compound command
+and the @code{test} and @code{[} builtin commands.
+
+Expressions may be unary or binary.
+Unary expressions are often used to examine the status of a file.
+There are string operators and numeric comparison operators as well.
+If the @var{file} argument to one of the primaries is of the form
+@file{/dev/fd/@var{N}}, then file descriptor @var{N} is checked.
+If the @var{file} argument to one of the primaries is one of
+@file{/dev/stdin}, @file{/dev/stdout}, or @file{/dev/stderr}, file
+descriptor 0, 1, or 2, respectively, is checked.
+
+When used with @code{[[}, the @samp{<} and @samp{>} operators sort
+lexicographically using the current locale.
+The @code{test} command uses ASCII ordering.
+
+Unless otherwise specified, primaries that operate on files follow symbolic
+links and operate on the target of the link, rather than the link itself.
+
+@table @code
+@item -a @var{file}
+True if @var{file} exists.
+
+@item -b @var{file}
+True if @var{file} exists and is a block special file.
+
+@item -c @var{file}
+True if @var{file} exists and is a character special file.
+
+@item -d @var{file}
+True if @var{file} exists and is a directory.
+
+@item -e @var{file}
+True if @var{file} exists.
+
+@item -f @var{file}
+True if @var{file} exists and is a regular file.
+
+@item -g @var{file}
+True if @var{file} exists and its set-group-id bit is set.
+
+@item -h @var{file}
+True if @var{file} exists and is a symbolic link.
+
+@item -k @var{file}
+True if @var{file} exists and its "sticky" bit is set.
+
+@item -p @var{file}
+True if @var{file} exists and is a named pipe (FIFO).
+
+@item -r @var{file}
+True if @var{file} exists and is readable.
+
+@item -s @var{file}
+True if @var{file} exists and has a size greater than zero.
+
+@item -t @var{fd}
+True if file descriptor @var{fd} is open and refers to a terminal.
+
+@item -u @var{file}
+True if @var{file} exists and its set-user-id bit is set.
+
+@item -w @var{file}
+True if @var{file} exists and is writable.
+
+@item -x @var{file}
+True if @var{file} exists and is executable.
+
+@item -G @var{file}
+True if @var{file} exists and is owned by the effective group id.
+
+@item -L @var{file}
+True if @var{file} exists and is a symbolic link.
+
+@item -N @var{file}
+True if @var{file} exists and has been modified since it was last read.
+
+@item -O @var{file}
+True if @var{file} exists and is owned by the effective user id.
+
+@item -S @var{file}
+True if @var{file} exists and is a socket.
+
+@item @var{file1} -ef @var{file2}
+True if @var{file1} and @var{file2} refer to the same device and
+inode numbers.
+
+@item @var{file1} -nt @var{file2}
+True if @var{file1} is newer (according to modification date)
+than @var{file2}, or if @var{file1} exists and @var{file2} does not.
+
+@item @var{file1} -ot @var{file2}
+True if @var{file1} is older than @var{file2},
+or if @var{file2} exists and @var{file1} does not.
+
+@item -o @var{optname}
+True if the shell option @var{optname} is enabled.
+The list of options appears in the description of the @option{-o}
+option to the @code{set} builtin (@pxref{The Set Builtin}).
+
+@item -v @var{varname}
+True if the shell variable @var{varname} is set (has been assigned a value).
+
+@item -R @var{varname}
+True if the shell variable @var{varname} is set and is a name reference.
+
+@item -z @var{string}
+True if the length of @var{string} is zero.
+
+@item -n @var{string}
+@itemx @var{string}
+True if the length of @var{string} is non-zero.
+
+@item @var{string1} == @var{string2}
+@itemx @var{string1} = @var{string2}
+True if the strings are equal.
+When used with the @code{[[} command, this performs pattern matching as
+described above (@pxref{Conditional Constructs}).
+
+@samp{=} should be used with the @code{test} command for @sc{posix} conformance.
+
+@item @var{string1} != @var{string2}
+True if the strings are not equal.
+
+@item @var{string1} < @var{string2}
+True if @var{string1} sorts before @var{string2} lexicographically.
+
+@item @var{string1} > @var{string2}
+True if @var{string1} sorts after @var{string2} lexicographically.
+
+@item @var{arg1} OP @var{arg2}
+@code{OP} is one of
+@samp{-eq}, @samp{-ne}, @samp{-lt}, @samp{-le}, @samp{-gt}, or @samp{-ge}.
+These arithmetic binary operators return true if @var{arg1}
+is equal to, not equal to, less than, less than or equal to,
+greater than, or greater than or equal to @var{arg2},
+respectively. @var{Arg1} and @var{arg2}
+may be positive or negative integers.
+@end table
+
+@node Shell Arithmetic
+@section Shell Arithmetic
+@cindex arithmetic, shell
+@cindex shell arithmetic
+@cindex expressions, arithmetic
+@cindex evaluation, arithmetic
+@cindex arithmetic evaluation
+
+The shell allows arithmetic expressions to be evaluated, as one of
+the shell expansions or by the @code{let} and the @option{-i} option
+to the @code{declare} builtins.
+
+Evaluation is done in fixed-width integers with no check for overflow,
+though division by 0 is trapped and flagged as an error.
+The operators and their precedence, associativity, and values
+are the same as in the C language.
+The following list of operators is grouped into levels of
+equal-precedence operators.
+The levels are listed in order of decreasing precedence.
+
+@table @code
+
+@item @var{id}++ @var{id}--
+variable post-increment and post-decrement
+
+@item ++@var{id} --@var{id}
+variable pre-increment and pre-decrement
+
+@item - +
+unary minus and plus
+
+@item ! ~
+logical and bitwise negation
+
+@item **
+exponentiation
+
+@item * / %
+multiplication, division, remainder
+
+@item + -
+addition, subtraction
+
+@item << >>
+left and right bitwise shifts
+
+@item <= >= < >
+comparison
+
+@item == !=
+equality and inequality
+
+@item &
+bitwise AND
+
+@item ^
+bitwise exclusive OR
+
+@item |
+bitwise OR
+
+@item &&
+logical AND
+
+@item ||
+logical OR
+
+@item expr ? expr : expr
+conditional operator
+
+@item = *= /= %= += -= <<= >>= &= ^= |=
+assignment
+
+@item expr1 , expr2
+comma
+@end table
+
+Shell variables are allowed as operands; parameter expansion is
+performed before the expression is evaluated.
+Within an expression, shell variables may also be referenced by name
+without using the parameter expansion syntax.
+A shell variable that is null or unset evaluates to 0 when referenced
+by name without using the parameter expansion syntax.
+The value of a variable is evaluated as an arithmetic expression
+when it is referenced, or when a variable which has been given the
+@var{integer} attribute using @samp{declare -i} is assigned a value.
+A null value evaluates to 0.
+A shell variable need not have its @var{integer} attribute turned on
+to be used in an expression.
+
+Constants with a leading 0 are interpreted as octal numbers.
+A leading @samp{0x} or @samp{0X} denotes hexadecimal. Otherwise,
+numbers take the form [@var{base}@code{#}]@var{n}, where the optional @var{base}
+is a decimal number between 2 and 64 representing the arithmetic
+base, and @var{n} is a number in that base.
+If @var{base}@code{#} is omitted, then base 10 is used.
+When specifying @var{n},
+he digits greater than 9 are represented by the lowercase letters,
+the uppercase letters, @samp{@@}, and @samp{_}, in that order.
+If @var{base} is less than or equal to 36, lowercase and uppercase
+letters may be used interchangeably to represent numbers between 10
+and 35.
+
+Operators are evaluated in order of precedence. Sub-expressions in
+parentheses are evaluated first and may override the precedence
+rules above.
+
+@node Aliases
+@section Aliases
+@cindex alias expansion
+
+@var{Aliases} allow a string to be substituted for a word when it is used
+as the first word of a simple command.
+The shell maintains a list of aliases that may be set and unset with
+the @code{alias} and @code{unalias} builtin commands.
+
+The first word of each simple command, if unquoted, is checked to see
+if it has an alias.
+If so, that word is replaced by the text of the alias.
+The characters @samp{/}, @samp{$}, @samp{`}, @samp{=} and any of the
+shell metacharacters or quoting characters listed above may not appear
+in an alias name.
+The replacement text may contain any valid
+shell input, including shell metacharacters.
+The first word of the replacement text is tested for
+aliases, but a word that is identical to an alias being expanded
+is not expanded a second time.
+This means that one may alias @code{ls} to @code{"ls -F"},
+for instance, and Bash does not try to recursively expand the
+replacement text.
+If the last character of the alias value is a
+@var{blank}, then the next command word following the
+alias is also checked for alias expansion.
+
+Aliases are created and listed with the @code{alias}
+command, and removed with the @code{unalias} command.
+
+There is no mechanism for using arguments in the replacement text,
+as in @code{csh}.
+If arguments are needed, a shell function should be used
+(@pxref{Shell Functions}).
+
+Aliases are not expanded when the shell is not interactive,
+unless the @code{expand_aliases} shell option is set using
+@code{shopt} (@pxref{The Shopt Builtin}).
+
+The rules concerning the definition and use of aliases are
+somewhat confusing. Bash
+always reads at least one complete line
+of input before executing any
+of the commands on that line. Aliases are expanded when a
+command is read, not when it is executed. Therefore, an
+alias definition appearing on the same line as another
+command does not take effect until the next line of input is read.
+The commands following the alias definition
+on that line are not affected by the new alias.
+This behavior is also an issue when functions are executed.
+Aliases are expanded when a function definition is read,
+not when the function is executed, because a function definition
+is itself a compound command. As a consequence, aliases
+defined in a function are not available until after that
+function is executed. To be safe, always put
+alias definitions on a separate line, and do not use @code{alias}
+in compound commands.
+
+For almost every purpose, shell functions are preferred over aliases.
+
+@node Arrays
+@section Arrays
+@cindex arrays
+
+Bash provides one-dimensional indexed and associative array variables.
+Any variable may be used as an indexed array;
+the @code{declare} builtin will explicitly declare an array.
+There is no maximum
+limit on the size of an array, nor any requirement that members
+be indexed or assigned contiguously.
+Indexed arrays are referenced using integers (including arithmetic
+expressions (@pxref{Shell Arithmetic})) and are zero-based;
+associative arrays use arbitrary strings.
+Unless otherwise noted, indexed array indices must be non-negative integers.
+
+An indexed array is created automatically if any variable is assigned to
+using the syntax
+@example
+@var{name}[@var{subscript}]=@var{value}
+@end example
+
+@noindent
+The @var{subscript}
+is treated as an arithmetic expression that must evaluate to a number.
+To explicitly declare an array, use
+@example
+declare -a @var{name}
+@end example
+@noindent
+The syntax
+@example
+declare -a @var{name}[@var{subscript}]
+@end example
+@noindent
+is also accepted; the @var{subscript} is ignored.
+
+@noindent
+Associative arrays are created using
+@example
+declare -A @var{name}.
+@end example
+
+Attributes may be
+specified for an array variable using the @code{declare} and
+@code{readonly} builtins. Each attribute applies to all members of
+an array.
+
+Arrays are assigned to using compound assignments of the form
+@example
+@var{name}=(@var{value1} @var{value2} @dots{} )
+@end example
+@noindent
+where each
+@var{value} is of the form @code{[@var{subscript}]=}@var{string}.
+Indexed array assignments do not require anything but @var{string}.
+When assigning to indexed arrays, if
+the optional subscript is supplied, that index is assigned to;
+otherwise the index of the element assigned is the last index assigned
+to by the statement plus one. Indexing starts at zero.
+
+When assigning to an associative array, the subscript is required.
+
+This syntax is also accepted by the @code{declare}
+builtin. Individual array elements may be assigned to using the
+@code{@var{name}[@var{subscript}]=@var{value}} syntax introduced above.
+
+When assigning to an indexed array, if @var{name}
+is subscripted by a negative number, that number is
+interpreted as relative to one greater than the maximum index of
+@var{name}, so negative indices count back from the end of the
+array, and an index of -1 references the last element.
+
+Any element of an array may be referenced using
+@code{$@{@var{name}[@var{subscript}]@}}.
+The braces are required to avoid
+conflicts with the shell's filename expansion operators. If the
+@var{subscript} is @samp{@@} or @samp{*}, the word expands to all members
+of the array @var{name}. These subscripts differ only when the word
+appears within double quotes.
+If the word is double-quoted,
+@code{$@{@var{name}[*]@}} expands to a single word with
+the value of each array member separated by the first character of the
+@env{IFS} variable, and @code{$@{@var{name}[@@]@}} expands each element of
+@var{name} to a separate word. When there are no array members,
+@code{$@{@var{name}[@@]@}} expands to nothing.
+If the double-quoted expansion occurs within a word, the expansion of
+the first parameter is joined with the beginning part of the original
+word, and the expansion of the last parameter is joined with the last
+part of the original word.
+This is analogous to the
+expansion of the special parameters @samp{@@} and @samp{*}.
+@code{$@{#@var{name}[@var{subscript}]@}} expands to the length of
+@code{$@{@var{name}[@var{subscript}]@}}.
+If @var{subscript} is @samp{@@} or
+@samp{*}, the expansion is the number of elements in the array.
+Referencing an array variable without a subscript is equivalent to
+referencing with a subscript of 0.
+If the @var{subscript}
+used to reference an element of an indexed array
+evaluates to a number less than zero, it is
+interpreted as relative to one greater than the maximum index of the array,
+so negative indices count back from the end of the array,
+and an index of -1 refers to the last element.
+
+An array variable is considered set if a subscript has been assigned a
+value. The null string is a valid value.
+
+It is possible to obtain the keys (indices) of an array as well as the values.
+$@{!@var{name}[@@]@} and $@{!@var{name}[*]@} expand to the indices
+assigned in array variable @var{name}.
+The treatment when in double quotes is similar to the expansion of the
+special parameters @samp{@@} and @samp{*} within double quotes.
+
+The @code{unset} builtin is used to destroy arrays.
+@code{unset @var{name}[@var{subscript}]}
+destroys the array element at index @var{subscript}.
+Negative subscripts to indexed arrays are interpreted as described above.
+Care must be taken to avoid unwanted side effects caused by filename
+expansion.
+@code{unset @var{name}}, where @var{name} is an array, removes the
+entire array. A subscript of @samp{*} or @samp{@@} also removes the
+entire array.
+
+The @code{declare}, @code{local}, and @code{readonly}
+builtins each accept a @option{-a} option to specify an indexed
+array and a @option{-A} option to specify an associative array.
+If both options are supplied, @option{-A} takes precedence.
+The @code{read} builtin accepts a @option{-a}
+option to assign a list of words read from the standard input
+to an array, and can read values from the standard input into
+individual array elements. The @code{set} and @code{declare}
+builtins display array values in a way that allows them to be
+reused as input.
+
+@node The Directory Stack
+@section The Directory Stack
+@cindex directory stack
+
+@menu
+* Directory Stack Builtins:: Bash builtin commands to manipulate
+ the directory stack.
+@end menu
+
+The directory stack is a list of recently-visited directories. The
+@code{pushd} builtin adds directories to the stack as it changes
+the current directory, and the @code{popd} builtin removes specified
+directories from the stack and changes the current directory to
+the directory removed. The @code{dirs} builtin displays the contents
+of the directory stack.
+
+The contents of the directory stack are also visible
+as the value of the @env{DIRSTACK} shell variable.
+
+@node Directory Stack Builtins
+@subsection Directory Stack Builtins
+
+@table @code
+
+@item dirs
+@btindex dirs
+@example
+dirs [-clpv] [+@var{N} | -@var{N}]
+@end example
+
+Display the list of currently remembered directories. Directories
+are added to the list with the @code{pushd} command; the
+@code{popd} command removes directories from the list.
+
+@table @code
+@item -c
+Clears the directory stack by deleting all of the elements.
+@item -l
+Produces a listing using full pathnames;
+the default listing format uses a tilde to denote the home directory.
+@item -p
+Causes @code{dirs} to print the directory stack with one entry per
+line.
+@item -v
+Causes @code{dirs} to print the directory stack with one entry per
+line, prefixing each entry with its index in the stack.
+@item +@var{N}
+Displays the @var{N}th directory (counting from the left of the
+list printed by @code{dirs} when invoked without options), starting
+with zero.
+@item -@var{N}
+Displays the @var{N}th directory (counting from the right of the
+list printed by @code{dirs} when invoked without options), starting
+with zero.
+@end table
+
+@item popd
+@btindex popd
+@example
+popd [-n] [+@var{N} | -@var{N}]
+@end example
+
+Remove the top entry from the directory stack, and @code{cd}
+to the new top directory.
+When no arguments are given, @code{popd}
+removes the top directory from the stack and
+performs a @code{cd} to the new top directory. The
+elements are numbered from 0 starting at the first directory listed with
+@code{dirs}; that is, @code{popd} is equivalent to @code{popd +0}.
+
+@table @code
+@item -n
+Suppresses the normal change of directory when removing directories
+from the stack, so that only the stack is manipulated.
+@item +@var{N}
+Removes the @var{N}th directory (counting from the left of the
+list printed by @code{dirs}), starting with zero.
+@item -@var{N}
+Removes the @var{N}th directory (counting from the right of the
+list printed by @code{dirs}), starting with zero.
+@end table
+
+@btindex pushd
+@item pushd
+@example
+pushd [-n] [@var{+N} | @var{-N} | @var{dir}]
+@end example
+
+Save the current directory on the top of the directory stack
+and then @code{cd} to @var{dir}.
+With no arguments, @code{pushd} exchanges the top two directories.
+
+@table @code
+@item -n
+Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding directories
+to the stack, so that only the stack is manipulated.
+@item +@var{N}
+Brings the @var{N}th directory (counting from the left of the
+list printed by @code{dirs}, starting with zero) to the top of
+the list by rotating the stack.
+@item -@var{N}
+Brings the @var{N}th directory (counting from the right of the
+list printed by @code{dirs}, starting with zero) to the top of
+the list by rotating the stack.
+@item @var{dir}
+Makes the current working directory be the top of the stack, making
+it the new current directory as if it had been supplied as an argument
+to the @code{cd} builtin.
+@end table
+@end table
+
+@node Controlling the Prompt
+@section Controlling the Prompt
+@cindex prompting
+
+The value of the variable @env{PROMPT_COMMAND} is examined just before
+Bash prints each primary prompt. If @env{PROMPT_COMMAND} is set and
+has a non-null value, then the
+value is executed just as if it had been typed on the command line.
+
+In addition, the following table describes the special characters which
+can appear in the prompt variables @env{PS1} to @env{PS4}:
+
+@table @code
+@item \a
+A bell character.
+@item \d
+The date, in "Weekday Month Date" format (e.g., "Tue May 26").
+@item \D@{@var{format}@}
+The @var{format} is passed to @code{strftime}(3) and the result is inserted
+into the prompt string; an empty @var{format} results in a locale-specific
+time representation. The braces are required.
+@item \e
+An escape character.
+@item \h
+The hostname, up to the first `.'.
+@item \H
+The hostname.
+@item \j
+The number of jobs currently managed by the shell.
+@item \l
+The basename of the shell's terminal device name.
+@item \n
+A newline.
+@item \r
+A carriage return.
+@item \s
+The name of the shell, the basename of @code{$0} (the portion
+following the final slash).
+@item \t
+The time, in 24-hour HH:MM:SS format.
+@item \T
+The time, in 12-hour HH:MM:SS format.
+@item \@@
+The time, in 12-hour am/pm format.
+@item \A
+The time, in 24-hour HH:MM format.
+@item \u
+The username of the current user.
+@item \v
+The version of Bash (e.g., 2.00)
+@item \V
+The release of Bash, version + patchlevel (e.g., 2.00.0)
+@item \w
+The current working directory, with @env{$HOME} abbreviated with a tilde
+(uses the @env{$PROMPT_DIRTRIM} variable).
+@item \W
+The basename of @env{$PWD}, with @env{$HOME} abbreviated with a tilde.
+@item \!
+The history number of this command.
+@item \#
+The command number of this command.
+@item \$
+If the effective uid is 0, @code{#}, otherwise @code{$}.
+@item \@var{nnn}
+The character whose ASCII code is the octal value @var{nnn}.
+@item \\
+A backslash.
+@item \[
+Begin a sequence of non-printing characters. This could be used to
+embed a terminal control sequence into the prompt.
+@item \]
+End a sequence of non-printing characters.
+@end table
+
+The command number and the history number are usually different:
+the history number of a command is its position in the history
+list, which may include commands restored from the history file
+(@pxref{Bash History Facilities}), while the command number is
+the position in the sequence of commands executed during the current
+shell session.
+
+After the string is decoded, it is expanded via
+parameter expansion, command substitution, arithmetic
+expansion, and quote removal, subject to the value of the
+@code{promptvars} shell option (@pxref{Bash Builtins}).
+
+@node The Restricted Shell
+@section The Restricted Shell
+@cindex restricted shell
+
+If Bash is started with the name @code{rbash}, or the
+@option{--restricted}
+or
+@option{-r}
+option is supplied at invocation, the shell becomes restricted.
+A restricted shell is used to
+set up an environment more controlled than the standard shell.
+A restricted shell behaves identically to @code{bash}
+with the exception that the following are disallowed or not performed:
+
+@itemize @bullet
+@item
+Changing directories with the @code{cd} builtin.
+@item
+Setting or unsetting the values of the @env{SHELL}, @env{PATH},
+@env{ENV}, or @env{BASH_ENV} variables.
+@item
+Specifying command names containing slashes.
+@item
+Specifying a filename containing a slash as an argument to the @code{.}
+builtin command.
+@item
+Specifying a filename containing a slash as an argument to the @option{-p}
+option to the @code{hash} builtin command.
+@item
+Importing function definitions from the shell environment at startup.
+@item
+Parsing the value of @env{SHELLOPTS} from the shell environment at startup.
+@item
+Redirecting output using the @samp{>}, @samp{>|}, @samp{<>}, @samp{>&},
+@samp{&>}, and @samp{>>} redirection operators.
+@item
+Using the @code{exec} builtin to replace the shell with another command.
+@item
+Adding or deleting builtin commands with the
+@option{-f} and @option{-d} options to the @code{enable} builtin.
+@item
+Using the @code{enable} builtin command to enable disabled shell builtins.
+@item
+Specifying the @option{-p} option to the @code{command} builtin.
+@item
+Turning off restricted mode with @samp{set +r} or @samp{set +o restricted}.
+@end itemize
+
+These restrictions are enforced after any startup files are read.
+
+When a command that is found to be a shell script is executed
+(@pxref{Shell Scripts}), @code{rbash} turns off any restrictions in
+the shell spawned to execute the script.
+
+@node Bash POSIX Mode
+@section Bash POSIX Mode
+@cindex POSIX Mode
+
+Starting Bash with the @option{--posix} command-line option or executing
+@samp{set -o posix} while Bash is running will cause Bash to conform more
+closely to the @sc{posix} standard by changing the behavior to
+match that specified by @sc{posix} in areas where the Bash default differs.
+
+When invoked as @code{sh}, Bash enters @sc{posix} mode after reading the
+startup files.
+
+The following list is what's changed when `@sc{posix} mode' is in effect:
+
+@enumerate
+@item
+When a command in the hash table no longer exists, Bash will re-search
+@env{$PATH} to find the new location. This is also available with
+@samp{shopt -s checkhash}.
+
+@item
+The message printed by the job control code and builtins when a job
+exits with a non-zero status is `Done(status)'.
+
+@item
+The message printed by the job control code and builtins when a job
+is stopped is `Stopped(@var{signame})', where @var{signame} is, for
+example, @code{SIGTSTP}.
+
+@item
+The @code{bg} builtin uses the required format to describe each job placed
+in the background, which does not include an indication of whether the job
+is the current or previous job.
+
+@item
+Reserved words appearing in a context where reserved words are recognized
+do not undergo alias expansion.
+
+@item
+The @sc{posix} @env{PS1} and @env{PS2} expansions of @samp{!} to
+the history number and @samp{!!} to @samp{!} are enabled,
+and parameter expansion is performed on the values of @env{PS1} and
+@env{PS2} regardless of the setting of the @code{promptvars} option.
+
+@item
+The @sc{posix} startup files are executed (@env{$ENV}) rather than
+the normal Bash files.
+
+@item
+Tilde expansion is only performed on assignments preceding a command
+name, rather than on all assignment statements on the line.
+
+@item
+The @code{command} builtin does not prevent builtins that take assignment
+statements as arguments from expanding them as assignment statements;
+when not in @sc{posix} mode, assignment builtins lose their assignment
+statement expansion properties when preceded by @code{command}.
+
+@item
+The default history file is @file{~/.sh_history} (this is the
+default value of @env{$HISTFILE}).
+
+@item
+The output of @samp{kill -l} prints all the signal names on a single line,
+separated by spaces, without the @samp{SIG} prefix.
+
+@item
+The @code{kill} builtin does not accept signal names with a @samp{SIG}
+prefix.
+
+@item
+Non-interactive shells exit if @var{filename} in @code{.} @var{filename}
+is not found.
+
+@item
+Non-interactive shells exit if a syntax error in an arithmetic expansion
+results in an invalid expression.
+
+@item
+Non-interactive shells exit if there is a syntax error in a script read
+with the @code{.} or @code{source} builtins, or in a string processed by
+the @code{eval} builtin.
+
+@item
+Redirection operators do not perform filename expansion on the word
+in the redirection unless the shell is interactive.
+
+@item
+Redirection operators do not perform word splitting on the word in the
+redirection.
+
+@item
+Function names must be valid shell @code{name}s. That is, they may not
+contain characters other than letters, digits, and underscores, and
+may not start with a digit. Declaring a function with an invalid name
+causes a fatal syntax error in non-interactive shells.
+
+@item
+Function names may not be the same as one of the @sc{posix} special
+builtins.
+
+@item
+@sc{posix} special builtins are found before shell functions
+during command lookup.
+
+@item
+The @code{time} reserved word may be used by itself as a command. When
+used in this way, it displays timing statistics for the shell and its
+completed children. The @env{TIMEFORMAT} variable controls the format
+of the timing information.
+
+@item
+When parsing and expanding a $@{@dots{}@} expansion that appears within
+double quotes, single quotes are no longer special and cannot be used to
+quote a closing brace or other special character, unless the operator is
+one of those defined to perform pattern removal. In this case, they do
+not have to appear as matched pairs.
+
+@item
+The parser does not recognize @code{time} as a reserved word if the next
+token begins with a @samp{-}.
+
+@item
+If a @sc{posix} special builtin returns an error status, a
+non-interactive shell exits. The fatal errors are those listed in
+the @sc{posix} standard, and include things like passing incorrect options,
+redirection errors, variable assignment errors for assignments preceding
+the command name, and so on.
+
+@item
+A non-interactive shell exits with an error status if a variable
+assignment error occurs when no command name follows the assignment
+statements.
+A variable assignment error occurs, for example, when trying to assign
+a value to a readonly variable.
+
+@item
+A non-interactive shell exists with an error status if a variable
+assignment error occurs in an assignment statement preceding a special
+builtin, but not with any other simple command.
+
+@item
+A non-interactive shell exits with an error status if the iteration
+variable in a @code{for} statement or the selection variable in a
+@code{select} statement is a readonly variable.
+
+@item
+Process substitution is not available.
+
+@item
+While variable indirection is available, it may not be applied to the
+@samp{#} and @samp{?} special parameters.
+
+@item
+Assignment statements preceding @sc{posix} special builtins
+persist in the shell environment after the builtin completes.
+
+@item
+Assignment statements preceding shell function calls persist in the
+shell environment after the function returns, as if a @sc{posix}
+special builtin command had been executed.
+
+@item
+The @code{export} and @code{readonly} builtin commands display their
+output in the format required by @sc{posix}.
+
+@item
+The @code{trap} builtin displays signal names without the leading
+@code{SIG}.
+
+@item
+The @code{trap} builtin doesn't check the first argument for a possible
+signal specification and revert the signal handling to the original
+disposition if it is, unless that argument consists solely of digits and
+is a valid signal number. If users want to reset the handler for a given
+signal to the original disposition, they should use @samp{-} as the
+first argument.
+
+@item
+The @code{.} and @code{source} builtins do not search the current directory
+for the filename argument if it is not found by searching @env{PATH}.
+
+@item
+Subshells spawned to execute command substitutions inherit the value of
+the @option{-e} option from the parent shell. When not in @sc{posix} mode,
+Bash clears the @option{-e} option in such subshells.
+
+@item
+Alias expansion is always enabled, even in non-interactive shells.
+
+@item
+When the @code{alias} builtin displays alias definitions, it does not
+display them with a leading @samp{alias } unless the @option{-p} option
+is supplied.
+
+@item
+When the @code{set} builtin is invoked without options, it does not display
+shell function names and definitions.
+
+@item
+When the @code{set} builtin is invoked without options, it displays
+variable values without quotes, unless they contain shell metacharacters,
+even if the result contains nonprinting characters.
+
+@item
+When the @code{cd} builtin is invoked in @var{logical} mode, and the pathname
+constructed from @code{$PWD} and the directory name supplied as an argument
+does not refer to an existing directory, @code{cd} will fail instead of
+falling back to @var{physical} mode.
+
+@item
+The @code{pwd} builtin verifies that the value it prints is the same as the
+current directory, even if it is not asked to check the file system with the
+@option{-P} option.
+
+@item
+When listing the history, the @code{fc} builtin does not include an
+indication of whether or not a history entry has been modified.
+
+@item
+The default editor used by @code{fc} is @code{ed}.
+
+@item
+The @code{type} and @code{command} builtins will not report a non-executable
+file as having been found, though the shell will attempt to execute such a
+file if it is the only so-named file found in @code{$PATH}.
+
+@item
+The @code{vi} editing mode will invoke the @code{vi} editor directly when
+the @samp{v} command is run, instead of checking @code{$VISUAL} and
+@code{$EDITOR}.
+
+@item
+When the @code{xpg_echo} option is enabled, Bash does not attempt to interpret
+any arguments to @code{echo} as options. Each argument is displayed, after
+escape characters are converted.
+
+@item
+The @code{ulimit} builtin uses a block size of 512 bytes for the @option{-c}
+and @option{-f} options.
+
+@item
+The arrival of @code{SIGCHLD} when a trap is set on @code{SIGCHLD} does
+not interrupt the @code{wait} builtin and cause it to return immediately.
+The trap command is run once for each child that exits.
+
+@item
+The @code{read} builtin may be interrupted by a signal for which a trap
+has been set.
+If Bash receives a trapped signal while executing @code{read}, the trap
+handler executes and @code{read} returns an exit status greater than 128.
+
+@end enumerate
+
+There is other @sc{posix} behavior that Bash does not implement by
+default even when in @sc{posix} mode.
+Specifically:
+
+@enumerate
+
+@item
+The @code{fc} builtin checks @code{$EDITOR} as a program to edit history
+entries if @code{FCEDIT} is unset, rather than defaulting directly to
+@code{ed}. @code{fc} uses @code{ed} if @code{EDITOR} is unset.
+
+@item
+As noted above, Bash requires the @code{xpg_echo} option to be enabled for
+the @code{echo} builtin to be fully conformant.
+
+@end enumerate
+
+Bash can be configured to be @sc{posix}-conformant by default, by specifying
+the @option{--enable-strict-posix-default} to @code{configure} when building
+(@pxref{Optional Features}).
+
+@node Job Control
+@chapter Job Control
+
+This chapter discusses what job control is, how it works, and how
+Bash allows you to access its facilities.
+
+@menu
+* Job Control Basics:: How job control works.
+* Job Control Builtins:: Bash builtin commands used to interact
+ with job control.
+* Job Control Variables:: Variables Bash uses to customize job
+ control.
+@end menu
+
+@node Job Control Basics
+@section Job Control Basics
+@cindex job control
+@cindex foreground
+@cindex background
+@cindex suspending jobs
+
+Job control
+refers to the ability to selectively stop (suspend)
+the execution of processes and continue (resume)
+their execution at a later point. A user typically employs
+this facility via an interactive interface supplied jointly
+by the operating system kernel's terminal driver and Bash.
+
+The shell associates a @var{job} with each pipeline. It keeps a
+table of currently executing jobs, which may be listed with the
+@code{jobs} command. When Bash starts a job
+asynchronously, it prints a line that looks
+like:
+@example
+[1] 25647
+@end example
+@noindent
+indicating that this job is job number 1 and that the process @sc{id}
+of the last process in the pipeline associated with this job is
+25647. All of the processes in a single pipeline are members of
+the same job. Bash uses the @var{job} abstraction as the
+basis for job control.
+
+To facilitate the implementation of the user interface to job
+control, the operating system maintains the notion of a current terminal
+process group @sc{id}. Members of this process group (processes whose
+process group @sc{id} is equal to the current terminal process group
+@sc{id}) receive keyboard-generated signals such as @code{SIGINT}.
+These processes are said to be in the foreground. Background
+processes are those whose process group @sc{id} differs from the
+terminal's; such processes are immune to keyboard-generated
+signals. Only foreground processes are allowed to read from or, if
+the user so specifies with @code{stty tostop}, write to the terminal.
+Background processes which attempt to
+read from (write to when @code{stty tostop} is in effect) the
+terminal are sent a @code{SIGTTIN} (@code{SIGTTOU})
+signal by the kernel's terminal driver,
+which, unless caught, suspends the process.
+
+If the operating system on which Bash is running supports
+job control, Bash contains facilities to use it. Typing the
+@var{suspend} character (typically @samp{^Z}, Control-Z) while a
+process is running causes that process to be stopped and returns
+control to Bash. Typing the @var{delayed suspend} character
+(typically @samp{^Y}, Control-Y) causes the process to be stopped
+when it attempts to read input from the terminal, and control to
+be returned to Bash. The user then manipulates the state of
+this job, using the @code{bg} command to continue it in the
+background, the @code{fg} command to continue it in the
+foreground, or the @code{kill} command to kill it. A @samp{^Z}
+takes effect immediately, and has the additional side effect of
+causing pending output and typeahead to be discarded.
+
+There are a number of ways to refer to a job in the shell. The
+character @samp{%} introduces a job specification (@var{jobspec}).
+
+Job number @code{n} may be referred to as @samp{%n}.
+The symbols @samp{%%} and @samp{%+} refer to the shell's notion of the
+current job, which is the last job stopped while it was in the foreground
+or started in the background.
+A single @samp{%} (with no accompanying job specification) also refers
+to the current job.
+The previous job may be referenced using @samp{%-}.
+If there is only a single job, @samp{%+} and @samp{%-} can both be used
+to refer to that job.
+In output pertaining to jobs (e.g., the output of the @code{jobs}
+command), the current job is always flagged with a @samp{+}, and the
+previous job with a @samp{-}.
+
+A job may also be referred to
+using a prefix of the name used to start it, or using a substring
+that appears in its command line. For example, @samp{%ce} refers
+to a stopped @code{ce} job. Using @samp{%?ce}, on the
+other hand, refers to any job containing the string @samp{ce} in
+its command line. If the prefix or substring matches more than one job,
+Bash reports an error.
+
+Simply naming a job can be used to bring it into the foreground:
+@samp{%1} is a synonym for @samp{fg %1}, bringing job 1 from the
+background into the foreground. Similarly, @samp{%1 &} resumes
+job 1 in the background, equivalent to @samp{bg %1}
+
+The shell learns immediately whenever a job changes state.
+Normally, Bash waits until it is about to print a prompt
+before reporting changes in a job's status so as to not interrupt
+any other output.
+If the @option{-b} option to the @code{set} builtin is enabled,
+Bash reports such changes immediately (@pxref{The Set Builtin}).
+Any trap on @code{SIGCHLD} is executed for each child process
+that exits.
+
+If an attempt to exit Bash is made while jobs are stopped, (or running, if
+the @code{checkjobs} option is enabled -- see @ref{The Shopt Builtin}), the
+shell prints a warning message, and if the @code{checkjobs} option is
+enabled, lists the jobs and their statuses.
+The @code{jobs} command may then be used to inspect their status.
+If a second attempt to exit is made without an intervening command,
+Bash does not print another warning, and any stopped jobs are terminated.
+
+@node Job Control Builtins
+@section Job Control Builtins
+
+@table @code
+
+@item bg
+@btindex bg
+@example
+bg [@var{jobspec} @dots{}]
+@end example
+
+Resume each suspended job @var{jobspec} in the background, as if it
+had been started with @samp{&}.
+If @var{jobspec} is not supplied, the current job is used.
+The return status is zero unless it is run when job control is not
+enabled, or, when run with job control enabled, any
+@var{jobspec} was not found or specifies a job
+that was started without job control.
+
+@item fg
+@btindex fg
+@example
+fg [@var{jobspec}]
+@end example
+
+Resume the job @var{jobspec} in the foreground and make it the current job.
+If @var{jobspec} is not supplied, the current job is used.
+The return status is that of the command placed into the foreground,
+or non-zero if run when job control is disabled or, when run with
+job control enabled, @var{jobspec} does not specify a valid job or
+@var{jobspec} specifies a job that was started without job control.
+
+@item jobs
+@btindex jobs
+@example
+jobs [-lnprs] [@var{jobspec}]
+jobs -x @var{command} [@var{arguments}]
+@end example
+
+The first form lists the active jobs. The options have the
+following meanings:
+
+@table @code
+@item -l
+List process @sc{id}s in addition to the normal information.
+
+@item -n
+Display information only about jobs that have changed status since
+the user was last notified of their status.
+
+@item -p
+List only the process @sc{id} of the job's process group leader.
+
+@item -r
+Display only running jobs.
+
+@item -s
+Display only stopped jobs.
+@end table
+
+If @var{jobspec} is given,
+output is restricted to information about that job.
+If @var{jobspec} is not supplied, the status of all jobs is
+listed.
+
+If the @option{-x} option is supplied, @code{jobs} replaces any
+@var{jobspec} found in @var{command} or @var{arguments} with the
+corresponding process group @sc{id}, and executes @var{command},
+passing it @var{argument}s, returning its exit status.
+
+@item kill
+@btindex kill
+@example
+kill [-s @var{sigspec}] [-n @var{signum}] [-@var{sigspec}] @var{jobspec} or @var{pid}
+kill -l [@var{exit_status}]
+@end example
+
+Send a signal specified by @var{sigspec} or @var{signum} to the process
+named by job specification @var{jobspec} or process @sc{id} @var{pid}.
+@var{sigspec} is either a case-insensitive signal name such as
+@code{SIGINT} (with or without the @code{SIG} prefix)
+or a signal number; @var{signum} is a signal number.
+If @var{sigspec} and @var{signum} are not present, @code{SIGTERM} is used.
+The @option{-l} option lists the signal names.
+If any arguments are supplied when @option{-l} is given, the names of the
+signals corresponding to the arguments are listed, and the return status
+is zero.
+@var{exit_status} is a number specifying a signal number or the exit
+status of a process terminated by a signal.
+The return status is zero if at least one signal was successfully sent,
+or non-zero if an error occurs or an invalid option is encountered.
+
+@item wait
+@btindex wait
+@example
+wait [-n] [@var{jobspec} or @var{pid} @dots{}]
+@end example
+
+Wait until the child process specified by each process @sc{id} @var{pid}
+or job specification @var{jobspec} exits and return the exit status of the
+last command waited for.
+If a job spec is given, all processes in the job are waited for.
+If no arguments are given, all currently active child processes are
+waited for, and the return status is zero.
+If the @option{-n} option is supplied, @code{wait} waits for any job to
+terminate and returns its exit status.
+If neither @var{jobspec} nor @var{pid} specifies an active child process
+of the shell, the return status is 127.
+
+@item disown
+@btindex disown
+@example
+disown [-ar] [-h] [@var{jobspec} @dots{}]
+@end example
+
+Without options, remove each @var{jobspec} from the table of
+active jobs.
+If the @option{-h} option is given, the job is not removed from the table,
+but is marked so that @code{SIGHUP} is not sent to the job if the shell
+receives a @code{SIGHUP}.
+If @var{jobspec} is not present, and neither the @option{-a} nor the
+@option{-r} option is supplied, the current job is used.
+If no @var{jobspec} is supplied, the @option{-a} option means to remove or
+mark all jobs; the @option{-r} option without a @var{jobspec}
+argument restricts operation to running jobs.
+
+@item suspend
+@btindex suspend
+@example
+suspend [-f]
+@end example
+
+Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a
+@code{SIGCONT} signal.
+A login shell cannot be suspended; the @option{-f}
+option can be used to override this and force the suspension.
+@end table
+
+When job control is not active, the @code{kill} and @code{wait}
+builtins do not accept @var{jobspec} arguments. They must be
+supplied process @sc{id}s.
+
+@node Job Control Variables
+@section Job Control Variables
+
+@vtable @code
+
+@item auto_resume
+This variable controls how the shell interacts with the user and
+job control. If this variable exists then single word simple
+commands without redirections are treated as candidates for resumption
+of an existing job. There is no ambiguity allowed; if there is
+more than one job beginning with the string typed, then
+the most recently accessed job will be selected.
+The name of a stopped job, in this context, is the command line
+used to start it. If this variable is set to the value @samp{exact},
+the string supplied must match the name of a stopped job exactly;
+if set to @samp{substring},
+the string supplied needs to match a substring of the name of a
+stopped job. The @samp{substring} value provides functionality
+analogous to the @samp{%?} job @sc{id} (@pxref{Job Control Basics}).
+If set to any other value, the supplied string must
+be a prefix of a stopped job's name; this provides functionality
+analogous to the @samp{%} job @sc{id}.
+
+@end vtable
+
+@set readline-appendix
+@set history-appendix
+@cindex Readline, how to use
+@include rluser.texi
+@cindex History, how to use
+@include hsuser.texi
+@clear readline-appendix
+@clear history-appendix
+
+@node Installing Bash
+@chapter Installing Bash
+
+This chapter provides basic instructions for installing Bash on
+the various supported platforms. The distribution supports the
+@sc{gnu} operating systems, nearly every version of Unix, and several
+non-Unix systems such as BeOS and Interix.
+Other independent ports exist for
+@sc{ms-dos}, @sc{os/2}, and Windows platforms.
+
+@menu
+* Basic Installation:: Installation instructions.
+* Compilers and Options:: How to set special options for various
+ systems.
+* Compiling For Multiple Architectures:: How to compile Bash for more
+ than one kind of system from
+ the same source tree.
+* Installation Names:: How to set the various paths used by the installation.
+* Specifying the System Type:: How to configure Bash for a particular system.
+* Sharing Defaults:: How to share default configuration values among GNU
+ programs.
+* Operation Controls:: Options recognized by the configuration program.
+* Optional Features:: How to enable and disable optional features when
+ building Bash.
+@end menu
+
+@node Basic Installation
+@section Basic Installation
+@cindex installation
+@cindex configuration
+@cindex Bash installation
+@cindex Bash configuration
+
+These are installation instructions for Bash.
+
+The simplest way to compile Bash is:
+
+@enumerate
+@item
+@code{cd} to the directory containing the source code and type
+@samp{./configure} to configure Bash for your system. If you're
+using @code{csh} on an old version of System V, you might need to
+type @samp{sh ./configure} instead to prevent @code{csh} from trying
+to execute @code{configure} itself.
+
+Running @code{configure} takes some time.
+While running, it prints messages telling which features it is
+checking for.
+
+@item
+Type @samp{make} to compile Bash and build the @code{bashbug} bug
+reporting script.
+
+@item
+Optionally, type @samp{make tests} to run the Bash test suite.
+
+@item
+Type @samp{make install} to install @code{bash} and @code{bashbug}.
+This will also install the manual pages and Info file.
+
+@end enumerate
+
+The @code{configure} shell script attempts to guess correct
+values for various system-dependent variables used during
+compilation. It uses those values to create a @file{Makefile} in
+each directory of the package (the top directory, the
+@file{builtins}, @file{doc}, and @file{support} directories,
+each directory under @file{lib}, and several others). It also creates a
+@file{config.h} file containing system-dependent definitions.
+Finally, it creates a shell script named @code{config.status} that you
+can run in the future to recreate the current configuration, a
+file @file{config.cache} that saves the results of its tests to
+speed up reconfiguring, and a file @file{config.log} containing
+compiler output (useful mainly for debugging @code{configure}).
+If at some point
+@file{config.cache} contains results you don't want to keep, you
+may remove or edit it.
+
+To find out more about the options and arguments that the
+@code{configure} script understands, type
+
+@example
+bash-2.04$ ./configure --help
+@end example
+
+@noindent
+at the Bash prompt in your Bash source directory.
+
+If you need to do unusual things to compile Bash, please
+try to figure out how @code{configure} could check whether or not
+to do them, and mail diffs or instructions to
+@email{bash-maintainers@@gnu.org} so they can be
+considered for the next release.
+
+The file @file{configure.ac} is used to create @code{configure}
+by a program called Autoconf. You only need
+@file{configure.ac} if you want to change it or regenerate
+@code{configure} using a newer version of Autoconf. If
+you do this, make sure you are using Autoconf version 2.50 or
+newer.
+
+You can remove the program binaries and object files from the
+source code directory by typing @samp{make clean}. To also remove the
+files that @code{configure} created (so you can compile Bash for
+a different kind of computer), type @samp{make distclean}.
+
+@node Compilers and Options
+@section Compilers and Options
+
+Some systems require unusual options for compilation or linking
+that the @code{configure} script does not know about. You can
+give @code{configure} initial values for variables by setting
+them in the environment. Using a Bourne-compatible shell, you
+can do that on the command line like this:
+
+@example
+CC=c89 CFLAGS=-O2 LIBS=-lposix ./configure
+@end example
+
+On systems that have the @code{env} program, you can do it like this:
+
+@example
+env CPPFLAGS=-I/usr/local/include LDFLAGS=-s ./configure
+@end example
+
+The configuration process uses GCC to build Bash if it
+is available.
+
+@node Compiling For Multiple Architectures
+@section Compiling For Multiple Architectures
+
+You can compile Bash for more than one kind of computer at the
+same time, by placing the object files for each architecture in their
+own directory. To do this, you must use a version of @code{make} that
+supports the @code{VPATH} variable, such as GNU @code{make}.
+@code{cd} to the
+directory where you want the object files and executables to go and run
+the @code{configure} script from the source directory. You may need to
+supply the @option{--srcdir=PATH} argument to tell @code{configure} where the
+source files are. @code{configure} automatically checks for the
+source code in the directory that @code{configure} is in and in `..'.
+
+If you have to use a @code{make} that does not supports the @code{VPATH}
+variable, you can compile Bash for one architecture at a
+time in the source code directory. After you have installed
+Bash for one architecture, use @samp{make distclean} before
+reconfiguring for another architecture.
+
+Alternatively, if your system supports symbolic links, you can use the
+@file{support/mkclone} script to create a build tree which has
+symbolic links back to each file in the source directory. Here's an
+example that creates a build directory in the current directory from a
+source directory @file{/usr/gnu/src/bash-2.0}:
+
+@example
+bash /usr/gnu/src/bash-2.0/support/mkclone -s /usr/gnu/src/bash-2.0 .
+@end example
+
+@noindent
+The @code{mkclone} script requires Bash, so you must have already built
+Bash for at least one architecture before you can create build
+directories for other architectures.
+
+@node Installation Names
+@section Installation Names
+
+By default, @samp{make install} will install into
+@file{/usr/local/bin}, @file{/usr/local/man}, etc. You can
+specify an installation prefix other than @file{/usr/local} by
+giving @code{configure} the option @option{--prefix=@var{PATH}},
+or by specifying a value for the @code{DESTDIR} @samp{make}
+variable when running @samp{make install}.
+
+You can specify separate installation prefixes for
+architecture-specific files and architecture-independent files.
+If you give @code{configure} the option
+@option{--exec-prefix=@var{PATH}}, @samp{make install} will use
+@var{PATH} as the prefix for installing programs and libraries.
+Documentation and other data files will still use the regular prefix.
+
+@node Specifying the System Type
+@section Specifying the System Type
+
+There may be some features @code{configure} can not figure out
+automatically, but need to determine by the type of host Bash
+will run on. Usually @code{configure} can figure that
+out, but if it prints a message saying it can not guess the host
+type, give it the @option{--host=TYPE} option. @samp{TYPE} can
+either be a short name for the system type, such as @samp{sun4},
+or a canonical name with three fields: @samp{CPU-COMPANY-SYSTEM}
+(e.g., @samp{i386-unknown-freebsd4.2}).
+
+See the file @file{support/config.sub} for the possible
+values of each field.
+
+@node Sharing Defaults
+@section Sharing Defaults
+
+If you want to set default values for @code{configure} scripts to
+share, you can create a site shell script called
+@code{config.site} that gives default values for variables like
+@code{CC}, @code{cache_file}, and @code{prefix}. @code{configure}
+looks for @file{PREFIX/share/config.site} if it exists, then
+@file{PREFIX/etc/config.site} if it exists. Or, you can set the
+@code{CONFIG_SITE} environment variable to the location of the site
+script. A warning: the Bash @code{configure} looks for a site script,
+but not all @code{configure} scripts do.
+
+@node Operation Controls
+@section Operation Controls
+
+@code{configure} recognizes the following options to control how it
+operates.
+
+@table @code
+
+@item --cache-file=@var{file}
+Use and save the results of the tests in
+@var{file} instead of @file{./config.cache}. Set @var{file} to
+@file{/dev/null} to disable caching, for debugging
+@code{configure}.
+
+@item --help
+Print a summary of the options to @code{configure}, and exit.
+
+@item --quiet
+@itemx --silent
+@itemx -q
+Do not print messages saying which checks are being made.
+
+@item --srcdir=@var{dir}
+Look for the Bash source code in directory @var{dir}. Usually
+@code{configure} can determine that directory automatically.
+
+@item --version
+Print the version of Autoconf used to generate the @code{configure}
+script, and exit.
+@end table
+
+@code{configure} also accepts some other, not widely used, boilerplate
+options. @samp{configure --help} prints the complete list.
+
+@node Optional Features
+@section Optional Features
+
+The Bash @code{configure} has a number of @option{--enable-@var{feature}}
+options, where @var{feature} indicates an optional part of Bash.
+There are also several @option{--with-@var{package}} options,
+where @var{package} is something like @samp{bash-malloc} or @samp{purify}.
+To turn off the default use of a package, use
+@option{--without-@var{package}}. To configure Bash without a feature
+that is enabled by default, use @option{--disable-@var{feature}}.
+
+Here is a complete list of the @option{--enable-} and
+@option{--with-} options that the Bash @code{configure} recognizes.
+
+@table @code
+@item --with-afs
+Define if you are using the Andrew File System from Transarc.
+
+@item --with-bash-malloc
+Use the Bash version of
+@code{malloc} in the directory @file{lib/malloc}. This is not the same
+@code{malloc} that appears in @sc{gnu} libc, but an older version
+originally derived from the 4.2 @sc{bsd} @code{malloc}. This @code{malloc}
+is very fast, but wastes some space on each allocation.
+This option is enabled by default.
+The @file{NOTES} file contains a list of systems for
+which this should be turned off, and @code{configure} disables this
+option automatically for a number of systems.
+
+@item --with-curses
+Use the curses library instead of the termcap library. This should
+be supplied if your system has an inadequate or incomplete termcap
+database.
+
+@item --with-gnu-malloc
+A synonym for @code{--with-bash-malloc}.
+
+@item --with-installed-readline[=@var{PREFIX}]
+Define this to make Bash link with a locally-installed version of Readline
+rather than the version in @file{lib/readline}. This works only with
+Readline 5.0 and later versions. If @var{PREFIX} is @code{yes} or not
+supplied, @code{configure} uses the values of the make variables
+@code{includedir} and @code{libdir}, which are subdirectories of @code{prefix}
+by default, to find the installed version of Readline if it is not in
+the standard system include and library directories.
+If @var{PREFIX} is @code{no}, Bash links with the version in
+@file{lib/readline}.
+If @var{PREFIX} is set to any other value, @code{configure} treats it as
+a directory pathname and looks for
+the installed version of Readline in subdirectories of that directory
+(include files in @var{PREFIX}/@code{include} and the library in
+@var{PREFIX}/@code{lib}).
+
+@item --with-purify
+Define this to use the Purify memory allocation checker from Rational
+Software.
+
+@item --enable-minimal-config
+This produces a shell with minimal features, close to the historical
+Bourne shell.
+@end table
+
+There are several @option{--enable-} options that alter how Bash is
+compiled and linked, rather than changing run-time features.
+
+@table @code
+@item --enable-largefile
+Enable support for @uref{http://www.sas.com/standards/large_file/x_open.20Mar96.html,
+large files} if the operating system requires special compiler options
+to build programs which can access large files. This is enabled by
+default, if the operating system provides large file support.
+
+@item --enable-profiling
+This builds a Bash binary that produces profiling information to be
+processed by @code{gprof} each time it is executed.
+
+@item --enable-static-link
+This causes Bash to be linked statically, if @code{gcc} is being used.
+This could be used to build a version to use as root's shell.
+@end table
+
+The @samp{minimal-config} option can be used to disable all of
+the following options, but it is processed first, so individual
+options may be enabled using @samp{enable-@var{feature}}.
+
+All of the following options except for @samp{disabled-builtins},
+@samp{directpand-default}, and
+@samp{xpg-echo-default} are
+enabled by default, unless the operating system does not provide the
+necessary support.
+
+@table @code
+@item --enable-alias
+Allow alias expansion and include the @code{alias} and @code{unalias}
+builtins (@pxref{Aliases}).
+
+@item --enable-arith-for-command
+Include support for the alternate form of the @code{for} command
+that behaves like the C language @code{for} statement
+(@pxref{Looping Constructs}).
+
+@item --enable-array-variables
+Include support for one-dimensional array shell variables
+(@pxref{Arrays}).
+
+@item --enable-bang-history
+Include support for @code{csh}-like history substitution
+(@pxref{History Interaction}).
+
+@item --enable-brace-expansion
+Include @code{csh}-like brace expansion
+( @code{b@{a,b@}c} @expansion{} @code{bac bbc} ).
+See @ref{Brace Expansion}, for a complete description.
+
+@item --enable-casemod-attributes
+Include support for case-modifying attributes in the @code{declare} builtin
+and assignment statements. Variables with the @var{uppercase} attribute,
+for example, will have their values converted to uppercase upon assignment.
+
+@item --enable-casemod-expansion
+Include support for case-modifying word expansions.
+
+@item --enable-command-timing
+Include support for recognizing @code{time} as a reserved word and for
+displaying timing statistics for the pipeline following @code{time}
+(@pxref{Pipelines}).
+This allows pipelines as well as shell builtins and functions to be timed.
+
+@item --enable-cond-command
+Include support for the @code{[[} conditional command.
+(@pxref{Conditional Constructs}).
+
+@item --enable-cond-regexp
+Include support for matching @sc{posix} regular expressions using the
+@samp{=~} binary operator in the @code{[[} conditional command.
+(@pxref{Conditional Constructs}).
+
+@item --enable-coprocesses
+Include support for coprocesses and the @code{coproc} reserved word
+(@pxref{Pipelines}).
+
+@item --enable-debugger
+Include support for the bash debugger (distributed separately).
+
+@item --enable-direxpand-default
+Cause the @code{direxpand} shell option (@pxref{The Shopt Builtin})
+to be enabled by default when the shell starts.
+It is normally disabled by default.
+
+@item --enable-directory-stack
+Include support for a @code{csh}-like directory stack and the
+@code{pushd}, @code{popd}, and @code{dirs} builtins
+(@pxref{The Directory Stack}).
+
+@item --enable-disabled-builtins
+Allow builtin commands to be invoked via @samp{builtin xxx}
+even after @code{xxx} has been disabled using @samp{enable -n xxx}.
+See @ref{Bash Builtins}, for details of the @code{builtin} and
+@code{enable} builtin commands.
+
+@item --enable-dparen-arithmetic
+Include support for the @code{((@dots{}))} command
+(@pxref{Conditional Constructs}).
+
+@item --enable-extended-glob
+Include support for the extended pattern matching features described
+above under @ref{Pattern Matching}.
+
+@item --enable-extended-glob-default
+Set the default value of the @var{extglob} shell option described
+above under @ref{The Shopt Builtin} to be enabled.
+
+@item --enable-glob-asciirange-default
+Set the default value of the @var{globasciiranges} shell option described
+above under @ref{The Shopt Builtin} to be enabled.
+This controls the behavior of character ranges when used in pattern matching
+bracket expressions.
+
+@item --enable-help-builtin
+Include the @code{help} builtin, which displays help on shell builtins and
+variables (@pxref{Bash Builtins}).
+
+@item --enable-history
+Include command history and the @code{fc} and @code{history}
+builtin commands (@pxref{Bash History Facilities}).
+
+@item --enable-job-control
+This enables the job control features (@pxref{Job Control}),
+if the operating system supports them.
+
+@item --enable-multibyte
+This enables support for multibyte characters if the operating
+system provides the necessary support.
+
+@item --enable-net-redirections
+This enables the special handling of filenames of the form
+@code{/dev/tcp/@var{host}/@var{port}} and
+@code{/dev/udp/@var{host}/@var{port}}
+when used in redirections (@pxref{Redirections}).
+
+@item --enable-process-substitution
+This enables process substitution (@pxref{Process Substitution}) if
+the operating system provides the necessary support.
+
+@item --enable-progcomp
+Enable the programmable completion facilities
+(@pxref{Programmable Completion}).
+If Readline is not enabled, this option has no effect.
+
+@item --enable-prompt-string-decoding
+Turn on the interpretation of a number of backslash-escaped characters
+in the @env{$PS1}, @env{$PS2}, @env{$PS3}, and @env{$PS4} prompt
+strings. See @ref{Controlling the Prompt}, for a complete list of prompt
+string escape sequences.
+
+@item --enable-readline
+Include support for command-line editing and history with the Bash
+version of the Readline library (@pxref{Command Line Editing}).
+
+@item --enable-restricted
+Include support for a @dfn{restricted shell}. If this is enabled, Bash,
+when called as @code{rbash}, enters a restricted mode. See
+@ref{The Restricted Shell}, for a description of restricted mode.
+
+@item --enable-select
+Include the @code{select} compound command, which allows the generation of
+simple menus (@pxref{Conditional Constructs}).
+
+@item --enable-separate-helpfiles
+Use external files for the documentation displayed by the @code{help} builtin
+instead of storing the text internally.
+
+@item --enable-single-help-strings
+Store the text displayed by the @code{help} builtin as a single string for
+each help topic. This aids in translating the text to different languages.
+You may need to disable this if your compiler cannot handle very long string
+literals.
+
+@item --enable-strict-posix-default
+Make Bash @sc{posix}-conformant by default (@pxref{Bash POSIX Mode}).
+
+@item --enable-usg-echo-default
+A synonym for @code{--enable-xpg-echo-default}.
+
+@item --enable-xpg-echo-default
+Make the @code{echo} builtin expand backslash-escaped characters by default,
+without requiring the @option{-e} option.
+This sets the default value of the @code{xpg_echo} shell option to @code{on},
+which makes the Bash @code{echo} behave more like the version specified in
+the Single Unix Specification, version 3.
+@xref{Bash Builtins}, for a description of the escape sequences that
+@code{echo} recognizes.
+@end table
+
+The file @file{config-top.h} contains C Preprocessor
+@samp{#define} statements for options which are not settable from
+@code{configure}.
+Some of these are not meant to be changed; beware of the consequences if
+you do.
+Read the comments associated with each definition for more
+information about its effect.
+
+@node Reporting Bugs
+@appendix Reporting Bugs
+
+Please report all bugs you find in Bash.
+But first, you should
+make sure that it really is a bug, and that it appears in the latest
+version of Bash.
+The latest version of Bash is always available for FTP from
+@uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/bash/}.
+
+Once you have determined that a bug actually exists, use the
+@code{bashbug} command to submit a bug report.
+If you have a fix, you are encouraged to mail that as well!
+Suggestions and `philosophical' bug reports may be mailed
+to @email{bug-bash@@gnu.org} or posted to the Usenet
+newsgroup @code{gnu.bash.bug}.
+
+All bug reports should include:
+@itemize @bullet
+@item
+The version number of Bash.
+@item
+The hardware and operating system.
+@item
+The compiler used to compile Bash.
+@item
+A description of the bug behaviour.
+@item
+A short script or `recipe' which exercises the bug and may be used
+to reproduce it.
+@end itemize
+
+@noindent
+@code{bashbug} inserts the first three items automatically into
+the template it provides for filing a bug report.
+
+Please send all reports concerning this manual to
+@email{bug-bash@@gnu.org}.
+
+@node Major Differences From The Bourne Shell
+@appendix Major Differences From The Bourne Shell
+
+Bash implements essentially the same grammar, parameter and
+variable expansion, redirection, and quoting as the Bourne Shell.
+Bash uses the @sc{posix} standard as the specification of
+how these features are to be implemented. There are some
+differences between the traditional Bourne shell and Bash; this
+section quickly details the differences of significance. A
+number of these differences are explained in greater depth in
+previous sections.
+This section uses the version of @code{sh} included in SVR4.2 (the
+last version of the historical Bourne shell) as the baseline reference.
+
+@itemize @bullet
+
+@item
+Bash is @sc{posix}-conformant, even where the @sc{posix} specification
+differs from traditional @code{sh} behavior (@pxref{Bash POSIX Mode}).
+
+@item
+Bash has multi-character invocation options (@pxref{Invoking Bash}).
+
+@item
+Bash has command-line editing (@pxref{Command Line Editing}) and
+the @code{bind} builtin.
+
+@item
+Bash provides a programmable word completion mechanism
+(@pxref{Programmable Completion}), and builtin commands
+@code{complete}, @code{compgen}, and @code{compopt}, to
+manipulate it.
+
+@item
+Bash has command history (@pxref{Bash History Facilities}) and the
+@code{history} and @code{fc} builtins to manipulate it.
+The Bash history list maintains timestamp information and uses the
+value of the @code{HISTTIMEFORMAT} variable to display it.
+
+@item
+Bash implements @code{csh}-like history expansion
+(@pxref{History Interaction}).
+
+@item
+Bash has one-dimensional array variables (@pxref{Arrays}), and the
+appropriate variable expansions and assignment syntax to use them.
+Several of the Bash builtins take options to act on arrays.
+Bash provides a number of built-in array variables.
+
+@item
+The @code{$'@dots{}'} quoting syntax, which expands ANSI-C
+backslash-escaped characters in the text between the single quotes,
+is supported (@pxref{ANSI-C Quoting}).
+
+@item
+Bash supports the @code{$"@dots{}"} quoting syntax to do
+locale-specific translation of the characters between the double
+quotes. The @option{-D}, @option{--dump-strings}, and @option{--dump-po-strings}
+invocation options list the translatable strings found in a script
+(@pxref{Locale Translation}).
+
+@item
+Bash implements the @code{!} keyword to negate the return value of
+a pipeline (@pxref{Pipelines}).
+Very useful when an @code{if} statement needs to act only if a test fails.
+The Bash @samp{-o pipefail} option to @code{set} will cause a pipeline to
+return a failure status if any command fails.
+
+@item
+Bash has the @code{time} reserved word and command timing (@pxref{Pipelines}).
+The display of the timing statistics may be controlled with the
+@env{TIMEFORMAT} variable.
+
+@item
+Bash implements the @code{for (( @var{expr1} ; @var{expr2} ; @var{expr3} ))}
+arithmetic for command, similar to the C language (@pxref{Looping Constructs}).
+
+@item
+Bash includes the @code{select} compound command, which allows the
+generation of simple menus (@pxref{Conditional Constructs}).
+
+@item
+Bash includes the @code{[[} compound command, which makes conditional
+testing part of the shell grammar (@pxref{Conditional Constructs}), including
+optional regular expression matching.
+
+@item
+Bash provides optional case-insensitive matching for the @code{case} and
+@code{[[} constructs.
+
+@item
+Bash includes brace expansion (@pxref{Brace Expansion}) and tilde
+expansion (@pxref{Tilde Expansion}).
+
+@item
+Bash implements command aliases and the @code{alias} and @code{unalias}
+builtins (@pxref{Aliases}).
+
+@item
+Bash provides shell arithmetic, the @code{((} compound command
+(@pxref{Conditional Constructs}),
+and arithmetic expansion (@pxref{Shell Arithmetic}).
+
+@item
+Variables present in the shell's initial environment are automatically
+exported to child processes. The Bourne shell does not normally do
+this unless the variables are explicitly marked using the @code{export}
+command.
+
+@item
+Bash supports the @samp{+=} assignment operator, which appends to the value
+of the variable named on the left hand side.
+
+@item
+Bash includes the @sc{posix} pattern removal @samp{%}, @samp{#}, @samp{%%}
+and @samp{##} expansions to remove leading or trailing substrings from
+variable values (@pxref{Shell Parameter Expansion}).
+
+@item
+The expansion @code{$@{#xx@}}, which returns the length of @code{$@{xx@}},
+is supported (@pxref{Shell Parameter Expansion}).
+
+@item
+The expansion @code{$@{var:}@var{offset}@code{[:}@var{length}@code{]@}},
+which expands to the substring of @code{var}'s value of length
+@var{length}, beginning at @var{offset}, is present
+(@pxref{Shell Parameter Expansion}).
+
+@item
+The expansion
+@code{$@{var/[/]}@var{pattern}@code{[/}@var{replacement}@code{]@}},
+which matches @var{pattern} and replaces it with @var{replacement} in
+the value of @code{var}, is available (@pxref{Shell Parameter Expansion}).
+
+@item
+The expansion @code{$@{!@var{prefix}*@}} expansion, which expands to
+the names of all shell variables whose names begin with @var{prefix},
+is available (@pxref{Shell Parameter Expansion}).
+
+@item
+Bash has @var{indirect} variable expansion using @code{$@{!word@}}
+(@pxref{Shell Parameter Expansion}).
+
+@item
+Bash can expand positional parameters beyond @code{$9} using
+@code{$@{@var{num}@}}.
+
+@item
+The @sc{posix} @code{$()} form of command substitution
+is implemented (@pxref{Command Substitution}),
+and preferred to the Bourne shell's @code{``} (which
+is also implemented for backwards compatibility).
+
+@item
+Bash has process substitution (@pxref{Process Substitution}).
+
+@item
+Bash automatically assigns variables that provide information about the
+current user (@env{UID}, @env{EUID}, and @env{GROUPS}), the current host
+(@env{HOSTTYPE}, @env{OSTYPE}, @env{MACHTYPE}, and @env{HOSTNAME}),
+and the instance of Bash that is running (@env{BASH},
+@env{BASH_VERSION}, and @env{BASH_VERSINFO}). @xref{Bash Variables},
+for details.
+
+@item
+The @env{IFS} variable is used to split only the results of expansion,
+not all words (@pxref{Word Splitting}).
+This closes a longstanding shell security hole.
+
+@item
+The filename expansion bracket expression code uses @samp{!} and @samp{^}
+to negate the set of characters between the brackets.
+The Bourne shell uses only @samp{!}.
+
+@item
+Bash implements the full set of @sc{posix} filename expansion operators,
+including @var{character classes}, @var{equivalence classes}, and
+@var{collating symbols} (@pxref{Filename Expansion}).
+
+@item
+Bash implements extended pattern matching features when the @code{extglob}
+shell option is enabled (@pxref{Pattern Matching}).
+
+@item
+It is possible to have a variable and a function with the same name;
+@code{sh} does not separate the two name spaces.
+
+@item
+Bash functions are permitted to have local variables using the
+@code{local} builtin, and thus useful recursive functions may be written
+(@pxref{Bash Builtins}).
+
+@item
+Variable assignments preceding commands affect only that command, even
+builtins and functions (@pxref{Environment}).
+In @code{sh}, all variable assignments
+preceding commands are global unless the command is executed from the
+file system.
+
+@item
+Bash performs filename expansion on filenames specified as operands
+to input and output redirection operators (@pxref{Redirections}).
+
+@item
+Bash contains the @samp{<>} redirection operator, allowing a file to be
+opened for both reading and writing, and the @samp{&>} redirection
+operator, for directing standard output and standard error to the same
+file (@pxref{Redirections}).
+
+@item
+Bash includes the @samp{<<<} redirection operator, allowing a string to
+be used as the standard input to a command.
+
+@item
+Bash implements the @samp{[n]<&@var{word}} and @samp{[n]>&@var{word}}
+redirection operators, which move one file descriptor to another.
+
+@item
+Bash treats a number of filenames specially when they are
+used in redirection operators (@pxref{Redirections}).
+
+@item
+Bash can open network connections to arbitrary machines and services
+with the redirection operators (@pxref{Redirections}).
+
+@item
+The @code{noclobber} option is available to avoid overwriting existing
+files with output redirection (@pxref{The Set Builtin}).
+The @samp{>|} redirection operator may be used to override @code{noclobber}.
+
+@item
+The Bash @code{cd} and @code{pwd} builtins (@pxref{Bourne Shell Builtins})
+each take @option{-L} and @option{-P} options to switch between logical and
+physical modes.
+
+@item
+Bash allows a function to override a builtin with the same name, and provides
+access to that builtin's functionality within the function via the
+@code{builtin} and @code{command} builtins (@pxref{Bash Builtins}).
+
+@item
+The @code{command} builtin allows selective disabling of functions
+when command lookup is performed (@pxref{Bash Builtins}).
+
+@item
+Individual builtins may be enabled or disabled using the @code{enable}
+builtin (@pxref{Bash Builtins}).
+
+@item
+The Bash @code{exec} builtin takes additional options that allow users
+to control the contents of the environment passed to the executed
+command, and what the zeroth argument to the command is to be
+(@pxref{Bourne Shell Builtins}).
+
+@item
+Shell functions may be exported to children via the environment
+using @code{export -f} (@pxref{Shell Functions}).
+
+@item
+The Bash @code{export}, @code{readonly}, and @code{declare} builtins can
+take a @option{-f} option to act on shell functions, a @option{-p} option to
+display variables with various attributes set in a format that can be
+used as shell input, a @option{-n} option to remove various variable
+attributes, and @samp{name=value} arguments to set variable attributes
+and values simultaneously.
+
+@item
+The Bash @code{hash} builtin allows a name to be associated with
+an arbitrary filename, even when that filename cannot be found by
+searching the @env{$PATH}, using @samp{hash -p}
+(@pxref{Bourne Shell Builtins}).
+
+@item
+Bash includes a @code{help} builtin for quick reference to shell
+facilities (@pxref{Bash Builtins}).
+
+@item
+The @code{printf} builtin is available to display formatted output
+(@pxref{Bash Builtins}).
+
+@item
+The Bash @code{read} builtin (@pxref{Bash Builtins})
+will read a line ending in @samp{\} with
+the @option{-r} option, and will use the @env{REPLY} variable as a
+default if no non-option arguments are supplied.
+The Bash @code{read} builtin
+also accepts a prompt string with the @option{-p} option and will use
+Readline to obtain the line when given the @option{-e} option.
+The @code{read} builtin also has additional options to control input:
+the @option{-s} option will turn off echoing of input characters as
+they are read, the @option{-t} option will allow @code{read} to time out
+if input does not arrive within a specified number of seconds, the
+@option{-n} option will allow reading only a specified number of
+characters rather than a full line, and the @option{-d} option will read
+until a particular character rather than newline.
+
+@item
+The @code{return} builtin may be used to abort execution of scripts
+executed with the @code{.} or @code{source} builtins
+(@pxref{Bourne Shell Builtins}).
+
+@item
+Bash includes the @code{shopt} builtin, for finer control of shell
+optional capabilities (@pxref{The Shopt Builtin}), and allows these options
+to be set and unset at shell invocation (@pxref{Invoking Bash}).
+
+@item
+Bash has much more optional behavior controllable with the @code{set}
+builtin (@pxref{The Set Builtin}).
+
+@item
+The @samp{-x} (@option{xtrace}) option displays commands other than
+simple commands when performing an execution trace
+(@pxref{The Set Builtin}).
+
+@item
+The @code{test} builtin (@pxref{Bourne Shell Builtins})
+is slightly different, as it implements the @sc{posix} algorithm,
+which specifies the behavior based on the number of arguments.
+
+@item
+Bash includes the @code{caller} builtin, which displays the context of
+any active subroutine call (a shell function or a script executed with
+the @code{.} or @code{source} builtins). This supports the bash
+debugger.
+
+@item
+The @code{trap} builtin (@pxref{Bourne Shell Builtins}) allows a
+@code{DEBUG} pseudo-signal specification, similar to @code{EXIT}.
+Commands specified with a @code{DEBUG} trap are executed before every
+simple command, @code{for} command, @code{case} command,
+@code{select} command, every arithmetic @code{for} command, and before
+the first command executes in a shell function.
+The @code{DEBUG} trap is not inherited by shell functions unless the
+function has been given the @code{trace} attribute or the
+@code{functrace} option has been enabled using the @code{shopt} builtin.
+The @code{extdebug} shell option has additional effects on the
+@code{DEBUG} trap.
+
+The @code{trap} builtin (@pxref{Bourne Shell Builtins}) allows an
+@code{ERR} pseudo-signal specification, similar to @code{EXIT} and @code{DEBUG}.
+Commands specified with an @code{ERR} trap are executed after a simple
+command fails, with a few exceptions.
+The @code{ERR} trap is not inherited by shell functions unless the
+@code{-o errtrace} option to the @code{set} builtin is enabled.
+
+The @code{trap} builtin (@pxref{Bourne Shell Builtins}) allows a
+@code{RETURN} pseudo-signal specification, similar to
+@code{EXIT} and @code{DEBUG}.
+Commands specified with an @code{RETURN} trap are executed before
+execution resumes after a shell function or a shell script executed with
+@code{.} or @code{source} returns.
+The @code{RETURN} trap is not inherited by shell functions unless the
+function has been given the @code{trace} attribute or the
+@code{functrace} option has been enabled using the @code{shopt} builtin.
+
+@item
+The Bash @code{type} builtin is more extensive and gives more information
+about the names it finds (@pxref{Bash Builtins}).
+
+@item
+The Bash @code{umask} builtin permits a @option{-p} option to cause
+the output to be displayed in the form of a @code{umask} command
+that may be reused as input (@pxref{Bourne Shell Builtins}).
+
+@item
+Bash implements a @code{csh}-like directory stack, and provides the
+@code{pushd}, @code{popd}, and @code{dirs} builtins to manipulate it
+(@pxref{The Directory Stack}).
+Bash also makes the directory stack visible as the value of the
+@env{DIRSTACK} shell variable.
+
+@item
+Bash interprets special backslash-escaped characters in the prompt
+strings when interactive (@pxref{Controlling the Prompt}).
+
+@item
+The Bash restricted mode is more useful (@pxref{The Restricted Shell});
+the SVR4.2 shell restricted mode is too limited.
+
+@item
+The @code{disown} builtin can remove a job from the internal shell
+job table (@pxref{Job Control Builtins}) or suppress the sending
+of @code{SIGHUP} to a job when the shell exits as the result of a
+@code{SIGHUP}.
+
+@item
+Bash includes a number of features to support a separate debugger for
+shell scripts.
+
+@item
+The SVR4.2 shell has two privilege-related builtins
+(@code{mldmode} and @code{priv}) not present in Bash.
+
+@item
+Bash does not have the @code{stop} or @code{newgrp} builtins.
+
+@item
+Bash does not use the @env{SHACCT} variable or perform shell accounting.
+
+@item
+The SVR4.2 @code{sh} uses a @env{TIMEOUT} variable like Bash uses
+@env{TMOUT}.
+
+@end itemize
+
+@noindent
+More features unique to Bash may be found in @ref{Bash Features}.
+
+
+@appendixsec Implementation Differences From The SVR4.2 Shell
+
+Since Bash is a completely new implementation, it does not suffer from
+many of the limitations of the SVR4.2 shell. For instance:
+
+@itemize @bullet
+
+@item
+Bash does not fork a subshell when redirecting into or out of
+a shell control structure such as an @code{if} or @code{while}
+statement.
+
+@item
+Bash does not allow unbalanced quotes. The SVR4.2 shell will silently
+insert a needed closing quote at @code{EOF} under certain circumstances.
+This can be the cause of some hard-to-find errors.
+
+@item
+The SVR4.2 shell uses a baroque memory management scheme based on
+trapping @code{SIGSEGV}. If the shell is started from a process with
+@code{SIGSEGV} blocked (e.g., by using the @code{system()} C library
+function call), it misbehaves badly.
+
+@item
+In a questionable attempt at security, the SVR4.2 shell,
+when invoked without the @option{-p} option, will alter its real
+and effective @sc{uid} and @sc{gid} if they are less than some
+magic threshold value, commonly 100.
+This can lead to unexpected results.
+
+@item
+The SVR4.2 shell does not allow users to trap @code{SIGSEGV},
+@code{SIGALRM}, or @code{SIGCHLD}.
+
+@item
+The SVR4.2 shell does not allow the @env{IFS}, @env{MAILCHECK},
+@env{PATH}, @env{PS1}, or @env{PS2} variables to be unset.
+
+@item
+The SVR4.2 shell treats @samp{^} as the undocumented equivalent of
+@samp{|}.
+
+@item
+Bash allows multiple option arguments when it is invoked (@code{-x -v});
+the SVR4.2 shell allows only one option argument (@code{-xv}). In
+fact, some versions of the shell dump core if the second argument begins
+with a @samp{-}.
+
+@item
+The SVR4.2 shell exits a script if any builtin fails; Bash exits
+a script only if one of the @sc{posix} special builtins fails, and
+only for certain failures, as enumerated in the @sc{posix} standard.
+
+@item
+The SVR4.2 shell behaves differently when invoked as @code{jsh}
+(it turns on job control).
+@end itemize
+
+@node GNU Free Documentation License
+@appendix GNU Free Documentation License
+
+@include fdl.texi
+
+@node Indexes
+@appendix Indexes
+
+@menu
+* Builtin Index:: Index of Bash builtin commands.
+* Reserved Word Index:: Index of Bash reserved words.
+* Variable Index:: Quick reference helps you find the
+ variable you want.
+* Function Index:: Index of bindable Readline functions.
+* Concept Index:: General index for concepts described in
+ this manual.
+@end menu
+
+@node Builtin Index
+@appendixsec Index of Shell Builtin Commands
+@printindex bt
+
+@node Reserved Word Index
+@appendixsec Index of Shell Reserved Words
+@printindex rw
+
+@node Variable Index
+@appendixsec Parameter and Variable Index
+@printindex vr
+
+@node Function Index
+@appendixsec Function Index
+@printindex fn
+
+@node Concept Index
+@appendixsec Concept Index
+@printindex cp
+
+@bye
Copyright (C) 1988-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@end ignore
-@set LASTCHANGE Mon Jan 6 16:46:33 EST 2014
+@set LASTCHANGE Sun Feb 2 16:22:00 EST 2014
@set EDITION 4.3
@set VERSION 4.3
-@set UPDATED 6 January 2014
-@set UPDATED-MONTH January 2014
+@set UPDATED 2 February 2014
+@set UPDATED-MONTH February 2014
--- /dev/null
+@ignore
+Copyright (C) 1988-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+@end ignore
+
+@set LASTCHANGE Mon Jan 6 16:46:33 EST 2014
+
+@set EDITION 4.3
+@set VERSION 4.3
+@set UPDATED 6 January 2014
+@set UPDATED-MONTH January 2014
/* In POSIX mode, assignment errors in the temporary environment cause a
non-interactive shell to exit. */
- if (builtin_is_special && interactive_shell == 0 && tempenv_assign_error)
+ if (posixly_correct && builtin_is_special && interactive_shell == 0 && tempenv_assign_error)
{
last_command_exit_value = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
jump_to_top_level (ERREXIT);
{
if (result > EX_SHERRBASE)
{
+ switch (result)
+ {
+ case EX_REDIRFAIL:
+ case EX_BADASSIGN:
+ case EX_EXPFAIL:
+ /* These errors cause non-interactive posix mode shells to exit */
+ if (posixly_correct && builtin_is_special && interactive_shell == 0)
+ {
+ last_command_exit_value = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
+ jump_to_top_level (ERREXIT);
+ }
+ }
result = builtin_status (result);
if (builtin_is_special)
special_builtin_failed = 1;
#include "shell.h"
#include "test.h"
+#include "trap.h"
#include <tilde/tilde.h>
# define dequote_pathname udequote_pathname
#endif
static void dequote_pathname __P((char *));
-static int glob_testdir __P((char *));
+static int glob_testdir __P((char *, int));
static char **glob_dir_to_array __P((char *, char **, int));
/* Make sure these names continue to agree with what's in smatch.c */
/* Return 0 if DIR is a directory, -1 otherwise. */
static int
-glob_testdir (dir)
+glob_testdir (dir, flags)
char *dir;
+ int flags;
{
struct stat finfo;
+ int r;
-/*itrace("glob_testdir: testing %s", dir);*/
- if (stat (dir, &finfo) < 0)
+/*itrace("glob_testdir: testing %s" flags = %d, dir, flags);*/
+#if defined (HAVE_LSTAT)
+ r = (flags & GX_ALLDIRS) ? lstat (dir, &finfo) : stat (dir, &finfo);
+#else
+ r = stat (dir, &finfo);
+#endif
+ if (r < 0)
return (-1);
if (S_ISDIR (finfo.st_mode) == 0)
/* If PAT is empty, skip the loop, but return one (empty) filename. */
if (pat == 0 || *pat == '\0')
{
- if (glob_testdir (dir) < 0)
+ if (glob_testdir (dir, 0) < 0)
return ((char **) &glob_error_return);
nextlink = (struct globval *)alloca (sizeof (struct globval));
int dirlen;
struct stat finfo;
- if (glob_testdir (dir) < 0)
+ if (glob_testdir (dir, 0) < 0)
return ((char **) &glob_error_return);
dirlen = strlen (dir);
is not robust (i.e., it opens non-directories successfully), test
that DIR is a directory and punt if it's not. */
#if defined (OPENDIR_NOT_ROBUST)
- if (glob_testdir (dir) < 0)
+ if (glob_testdir (dir, 0) < 0)
return ((char **) &glob_error_return);
#endif
if (flags & GX_NULLDIR)
pflags |= MP_IGNDOT;
subdir = sh_makepath (dir, dp->d_name, pflags);
- isdir = glob_testdir (subdir);
+ isdir = glob_testdir (subdir, flags);
if (isdir < 0 && (flags & GX_MATCHDIRS))
{
free (subdir);
--- /dev/null
+/* glob.c -- file-name wildcard pattern matching for Bash.
+
+ Copyright (C) 1985-2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+ This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne-Again SHell.
+
+ Bash is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ (at your option) any later version.
+
+ Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ along with Bash. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+/* To whomever it may concern: I have never seen the code which most
+ Unix programs use to perform this function. I wrote this from scratch
+ based on specifications for the pattern matching. --RMS. */
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+#if !defined (__GNUC__) && !defined (HAVE_ALLOCA_H) && defined (_AIX)
+ #pragma alloca
+#endif /* _AIX && RISC6000 && !__GNUC__ */
+
+#include "bashtypes.h"
+
+#if defined (HAVE_UNISTD_H)
+# include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "bashansi.h"
+#include "posixdir.h"
+#include "posixstat.h"
+#include "shmbutil.h"
+#include "xmalloc.h"
+
+#include "filecntl.h"
+#if !defined (F_OK)
+# define F_OK 0
+#endif
+
+#include "stdc.h"
+#include "memalloc.h"
+
+#include <signal.h>
+
+#include "shell.h"
+
+#include "glob.h"
+#include "strmatch.h"
+
+#if !defined (HAVE_BCOPY) && !defined (bcopy)
+# define bcopy(s, d, n) ((void) memcpy ((d), (s), (n)))
+#endif /* !HAVE_BCOPY && !bcopy */
+
+#if !defined (NULL)
+# if defined (__STDC__)
+# define NULL ((void *) 0)
+# else
+# define NULL 0x0
+# endif /* __STDC__ */
+#endif /* !NULL */
+
+#if !defined (FREE)
+# define FREE(x) if (x) free (x)
+#endif
+
+/* Don't try to alloca() more than this much memory for `struct globval'
+ in glob_vector() */
+#ifndef ALLOCA_MAX
+# define ALLOCA_MAX 100000
+#endif
+
+struct globval
+ {
+ struct globval *next;
+ char *name;
+ };
+
+extern void throw_to_top_level __P((void));
+extern int sh_eaccess __P((char *, int));
+extern char *sh_makepath __P((const char *, const char *, int));
+extern int signal_is_pending __P((int));
+extern void run_pending_traps __P((void));
+
+extern int extended_glob;
+
+/* Global variable which controls whether or not * matches .*.
+ Non-zero means don't match .*. */
+int noglob_dot_filenames = 1;
+
+/* Global variable which controls whether or not filename globbing
+ is done without regard to case. */
+int glob_ignore_case = 0;
+
+/* Global variable to return to signify an error in globbing. */
+char *glob_error_return;
+
+static struct globval finddirs_error_return;
+
+/* Some forward declarations. */
+static int skipname __P((char *, char *, int));
+#if HANDLE_MULTIBYTE
+static int mbskipname __P((char *, char *, int));
+#endif
+#if HANDLE_MULTIBYTE
+static void udequote_pathname __P((char *));
+static void wdequote_pathname __P((char *));
+#else
+# define dequote_pathname udequote_pathname
+#endif
+static void dequote_pathname __P((char *));
+static int glob_testdir __P((char *, int));
+static char **glob_dir_to_array __P((char *, char **, int));
+
+/* Make sure these names continue to agree with what's in smatch.c */
+extern char *glob_patscan __P((char *, char *, int));
+extern wchar_t *glob_patscan_wc __P((wchar_t *, wchar_t *, int));
+
+/* Compile `glob_loop.c' for single-byte characters. */
+#define CHAR unsigned char
+#define INT int
+#define L(CS) CS
+#define INTERNAL_GLOB_PATTERN_P internal_glob_pattern_p
+#include "glob_loop.c"
+
+/* Compile `glob_loop.c' again for multibyte characters. */
+#if HANDLE_MULTIBYTE
+
+#define CHAR wchar_t
+#define INT wint_t
+#define L(CS) L##CS
+#define INTERNAL_GLOB_PATTERN_P internal_glob_wpattern_p
+#include "glob_loop.c"
+
+#endif /* HANDLE_MULTIBYTE */
+
+/* And now a function that calls either the single-byte or multibyte version
+ of internal_glob_pattern_p. */
+int
+glob_pattern_p (pattern)
+ const char *pattern;
+{
+#if HANDLE_MULTIBYTE
+ size_t n;
+ wchar_t *wpattern;
+ int r;
+
+ if (MB_CUR_MAX == 1)
+ return (internal_glob_pattern_p ((unsigned char *)pattern));
+
+ /* Convert strings to wide chars, and call the multibyte version. */
+ n = xdupmbstowcs (&wpattern, NULL, pattern);
+ if (n == (size_t)-1)
+ /* Oops. Invalid multibyte sequence. Try it as single-byte sequence. */
+ return (internal_glob_pattern_p ((unsigned char *)pattern));
+
+ r = internal_glob_wpattern_p (wpattern);
+ free (wpattern);
+
+ return r;
+#else
+ return (internal_glob_pattern_p (pattern));
+#endif
+}
+
+#if EXTENDED_GLOB
+/* Return 1 if all subpatterns in the extended globbing pattern PAT indicate
+ that the name should be skipped. XXX - doesn't handle pattern negation,
+ not sure if it should */
+static int
+extglob_skipname (pat, dname, flags)
+ char *pat, *dname;
+ int flags;
+{
+ char *pp, *pe, *t;
+ int n, r;
+
+ pp = pat + 2;
+ pe = pp + strlen (pp) - 1; /*(*/
+ if (*pe != ')')
+ return 0;
+ if ((t = strchr (pp, '|')) == 0) /* easy case first */
+ {
+ *pe = '\0';
+ r = skipname (pp, dname, flags); /*(*/
+ *pe = ')';
+ return r;
+ }
+ while (t = glob_patscan (pp, pe, '|'))
+ {
+ n = t[-1];
+ t[-1] = '\0';
+ r = skipname (pp, dname, flags);
+ t[-1] = n;
+ if (r == 0) /* if any pattern says not skip, we don't skip */
+ return r;
+ pp = t;
+ } /*(*/
+
+ if (pp == pe) /* glob_patscan might find end of pattern */
+ return r;
+
+ *pe = '\0';
+# if defined (HANDLE_MULTIBYTE)
+ r = mbskipname (pp, dname, flags); /*(*/
+# else
+ r = skipname (pp, dname, flags); /*(*/
+# endif
+ *pe = ')';
+ return r;
+}
+#endif
+
+/* Return 1 if DNAME should be skipped according to PAT. Mostly concerned
+ with matching leading `.'. */
+static int
+skipname (pat, dname, flags)
+ char *pat;
+ char *dname;
+ int flags;
+{
+#if EXTENDED_GLOB
+ if (extglob_pattern_p (pat)) /* XXX */
+ return (extglob_skipname (pat, dname, flags));
+#endif
+
+ /* If a leading dot need not be explicitly matched, and the pattern
+ doesn't start with a `.', don't match `.' or `..' */
+ if (noglob_dot_filenames == 0 && pat[0] != '.' &&
+ (pat[0] != '\\' || pat[1] != '.') &&
+ (dname[0] == '.' &&
+ (dname[1] == '\0' || (dname[1] == '.' && dname[2] == '\0'))))
+ return 1;
+
+ /* If a dot must be explicitly matched, check to see if they do. */
+ else if (noglob_dot_filenames && dname[0] == '.' && pat[0] != '.' &&
+ (pat[0] != '\\' || pat[1] != '.'))
+ return 1;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+#if HANDLE_MULTIBYTE
+
+static int
+wchkname (pat_wc, dn_wc)
+ wchar_t *pat_wc, *dn_wc;
+{
+ /* If a leading dot need not be explicitly matched, and the
+ pattern doesn't start with a `.', don't match `.' or `..' */
+ if (noglob_dot_filenames == 0 && pat_wc[0] != L'.' &&
+ (pat_wc[0] != L'\\' || pat_wc[1] != L'.') &&
+ (dn_wc[0] == L'.' &&
+ (dn_wc[1] == L'\0' || (dn_wc[1] == L'.' && dn_wc[2] == L'\0'))))
+ return 1;
+
+ /* If a leading dot must be explicitly matched, check to see if the
+ pattern and dirname both have one. */
+ else if (noglob_dot_filenames && dn_wc[0] == L'.' &&
+ pat_wc[0] != L'.' &&
+ (pat_wc[0] != L'\\' || pat_wc[1] != L'.'))
+ return 1;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+wextglob_skipname (pat, dname, flags)
+ wchar_t *pat, *dname;
+ int flags;
+{
+#if EXTENDED_GLOB
+ wchar_t *pp, *pe, *t, n;
+ int r;
+
+ pp = pat + 2;
+ pe = pp + wcslen (pp) - 1; /*(*/
+ if (*pe != L')')
+ return 0;
+ if ((t = wcschr (pp, L'|')) == 0)
+ {
+ *pe = L'\0';
+ r = wchkname (pp, dname); /*(*/
+ *pe = L')';
+ return r;
+ }
+ while (t = glob_patscan_wc (pp, pe, '|'))
+ {
+ n = t[-1];
+ t[-1] = L'\0';
+ r = wchkname (pp, dname);
+ t[-1] = n;
+ if (r == 0)
+ return 0;
+ pp = t;
+ }
+
+ if (pp == pe) /* glob_patscan_wc might find end of pattern */
+ return r;
+
+ *pe = L'\0';
+ r = wchkname (pp, dname); /*(*/
+ *pe = L')';
+ return r;
+#else
+ return (wchkname (pat, dname));
+#endif
+}
+
+/* Return 1 if DNAME should be skipped according to PAT. Handles multibyte
+ characters in PAT and DNAME. Mostly concerned with matching leading `.'. */
+static int
+mbskipname (pat, dname, flags)
+ char *pat, *dname;
+ int flags;
+{
+ int ret, ext;
+ wchar_t *pat_wc, *dn_wc;
+ size_t pat_n, dn_n;
+
+ if (mbsmbchar (dname) == 0 && mbsmbchar (pat) == 0)
+ return (skipname (pat, dname, flags));
+
+ ext = 0;
+#if EXTENDED_GLOB
+ ext = extglob_pattern_p (pat);
+#endif
+
+ pat_wc = dn_wc = (wchar_t *)NULL;
+
+ pat_n = xdupmbstowcs (&pat_wc, NULL, pat);
+ if (pat_n != (size_t)-1)
+ dn_n = xdupmbstowcs (&dn_wc, NULL, dname);
+
+ ret = 0;
+ if (pat_n != (size_t)-1 && dn_n !=(size_t)-1)
+ ret = ext ? wextglob_skipname (pat_wc, dn_wc, flags) : wchkname (pat_wc, dn_wc);
+ else
+ ret = skipname (pat, dname, flags);
+
+ FREE (pat_wc);
+ FREE (dn_wc);
+
+ return ret;
+}
+#endif /* HANDLE_MULTIBYTE */
+
+/* Remove backslashes quoting characters in PATHNAME by modifying PATHNAME. */
+static void
+udequote_pathname (pathname)
+ char *pathname;
+{
+ register int i, j;
+
+ for (i = j = 0; pathname && pathname[i]; )
+ {
+ if (pathname[i] == '\\')
+ i++;
+
+ pathname[j++] = pathname[i++];
+
+ if (pathname[i - 1] == 0)
+ break;
+ }
+ if (pathname)
+ pathname[j] = '\0';
+}
+
+#if HANDLE_MULTIBYTE
+/* Remove backslashes quoting characters in PATHNAME by modifying PATHNAME. */
+static void
+wdequote_pathname (pathname)
+ char *pathname;
+{
+ mbstate_t ps;
+ size_t len, n;
+ wchar_t *wpathname;
+ int i, j;
+ wchar_t *orig_wpathname;
+
+ len = strlen (pathname);
+ /* Convert the strings into wide characters. */
+ n = xdupmbstowcs (&wpathname, NULL, pathname);
+ if (n == (size_t) -1)
+ {
+ /* Something wrong. Fall back to single-byte */
+ udequote_pathname (pathname);
+ return;
+ }
+ orig_wpathname = wpathname;
+
+ for (i = j = 0; wpathname && wpathname[i]; )
+ {
+ if (wpathname[i] == L'\\')
+ i++;
+
+ wpathname[j++] = wpathname[i++];
+
+ if (wpathname[i - 1] == L'\0')
+ break;
+ }
+ if (wpathname)
+ wpathname[j] = L'\0';
+
+ /* Convert the wide character string into unibyte character set. */
+ memset (&ps, '\0', sizeof(mbstate_t));
+ n = wcsrtombs(pathname, (const wchar_t **)&wpathname, len, &ps);
+ pathname[len] = '\0';
+
+ /* Can't just free wpathname here; wcsrtombs changes it in many cases. */
+ free (orig_wpathname);
+}
+
+static void
+dequote_pathname (pathname)
+ char *pathname;
+{
+ if (MB_CUR_MAX > 1)
+ wdequote_pathname (pathname);
+ else
+ udequote_pathname (pathname);
+}
+#endif /* HANDLE_MULTIBYTE */
+
+/* Test whether NAME exists. */
+
+#if defined (HAVE_LSTAT)
+# define GLOB_TESTNAME(name) (lstat (name, &finfo))
+#else /* !HAVE_LSTAT */
+# if !defined (AFS)
+# define GLOB_TESTNAME(name) (sh_eaccess (name, F_OK))
+# else /* AFS */
+# define GLOB_TESTNAME(name) (access (name, F_OK))
+# endif /* AFS */
+#endif /* !HAVE_LSTAT */
+
+/* Return 0 if DIR is a directory, -1 otherwise. */
+static int
+glob_testdir (dir, flags)
+ char *dir;
+ int flags;
+{
+ struct stat finfo;
+ int r;
+
+/*itrace("glob_testdir: testing %s" flags = %d, dir, flags);*/
+#if defined (HAVE_LSTAT)
+ r = (flags & GX_ALLDIRS) ? lstat (dir, &finfo) : stat (dir, &finfo);
+#else
+ r = stat (dir, &finfo);
+#endi
+ if (r < 0)
+ return (-1);
+
+ if (S_ISDIR (finfo.st_mode) == 0)
+ return (-1);
+
+ return (0);
+}
+
+/* Recursively scan SDIR for directories matching PAT (PAT is always `**').
+ FLAGS is simply passed down to the recursive call to glob_vector. Returns
+ a list of matching directory names. EP, if non-null, is set to the last
+ element of the returned list. NP, if non-null, is set to the number of
+ directories in the returned list. These two variables exist for the
+ convenience of the caller (always glob_vector). */
+static struct globval *
+finddirs (pat, sdir, flags, ep, np)
+ char *pat;
+ char *sdir;
+ int flags;
+ struct globval **ep;
+ int *np;
+{
+ char **r, *n;
+ int ndirs;
+ struct globval *ret, *e, *g;
+
+/*itrace("finddirs: pat = `%s' sdir = `%s' flags = 0x%x", pat, sdir, flags);*/
+ e = ret = 0;
+ r = glob_vector (pat, sdir, flags);
+ if (r == 0 || r[0] == 0)
+ {
+ if (np)
+ *np = 0;
+ if (ep)
+ *ep = 0;
+ if (r && r != &glob_error_return)
+ free (r);
+ return (struct globval *)0;
+ }
+ for (ndirs = 0; r[ndirs] != 0; ndirs++)
+ {
+ g = (struct globval *) malloc (sizeof (struct globval));
+ if (g == 0)
+ {
+ while (ret) /* free list built so far */
+ {
+ g = ret->next;
+ free (ret);
+ ret = g;
+ }
+
+ free (r);
+ if (np)
+ *np = 0;
+ if (ep)
+ *ep = 0;
+ return (&finddirs_error_return);
+ }
+ if (e == 0)
+ e = g;
+
+ g->next = ret;
+ ret = g;
+
+ g->name = r[ndirs];
+ }
+
+ free (r);
+ if (ep)
+ *ep = e;
+ if (np)
+ *np = ndirs;
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+/* Return a vector of names of files in directory DIR
+ whose names match glob pattern PAT.
+ The names are not in any particular order.
+ Wildcards at the beginning of PAT do not match an initial period.
+
+ The vector is terminated by an element that is a null pointer.
+
+ To free the space allocated, first free the vector's elements,
+ then free the vector.
+
+ Return 0 if cannot get enough memory to hold the pointer
+ and the names.
+
+ Return -1 if cannot access directory DIR.
+ Look in errno for more information. */
+
+char **
+glob_vector (pat, dir, flags)
+ char *pat;
+ char *dir;
+ int flags;
+{
+ DIR *d;
+ register struct dirent *dp;
+ struct globval *lastlink, *e, *dirlist;
+ register struct globval *nextlink;
+ register char *nextname, *npat, *subdir;
+ unsigned int count;
+ int lose, skip, ndirs, isdir, sdlen, add_current, patlen;
+ register char **name_vector;
+ register unsigned int i;
+ int mflags; /* Flags passed to strmatch (). */
+ int pflags; /* flags passed to sh_makepath () */
+ int nalloca;
+ struct globval *firstmalloc, *tmplink;
+ char *convfn;
+
+ lastlink = 0;
+ count = lose = skip = add_current = 0;
+
+ firstmalloc = 0;
+ nalloca = 0;
+
+/*itrace("glob_vector: pat = `%s' dir = `%s' flags = 0x%x", pat, dir, flags);*/
+ /* If PAT is empty, skip the loop, but return one (empty) filename. */
+ if (pat == 0 || *pat == '\0')
+ {
+ if (glob_testdir (dir, 0) < 0)
+ return ((char **) &glob_error_return);
+
+ nextlink = (struct globval *)alloca (sizeof (struct globval));
+ if (nextlink == NULL)
+ return ((char **) NULL);
+
+ nextlink->next = (struct globval *)0;
+ nextname = (char *) malloc (1);
+ if (nextname == 0)
+ lose = 1;
+ else
+ {
+ lastlink = nextlink;
+ nextlink->name = nextname;
+ nextname[0] = '\0';
+ count = 1;
+ }
+
+ skip = 1;
+ }
+
+ patlen = (pat && *pat) ? strlen (pat) : 0;
+
+ /* If the filename pattern (PAT) does not contain any globbing characters,
+ we can dispense with reading the directory, and just see if there is
+ a filename `DIR/PAT'. If there is, and we can access it, just make the
+ vector to return and bail immediately. */
+ if (skip == 0 && glob_pattern_p (pat) == 0)
+ {
+ int dirlen;
+ struct stat finfo;
+
+ if (glob_testdir (dir, 0) < 0)
+ return ((char **) &glob_error_return);
+
+ dirlen = strlen (dir);
+ nextname = (char *)malloc (dirlen + patlen + 2);
+ npat = (char *)malloc (patlen + 1);
+ if (nextname == 0 || npat == 0)
+ {
+ FREE (nextname);
+ FREE (npat);
+ lose = 1;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ strcpy (npat, pat);
+ dequote_pathname (npat);
+
+ strcpy (nextname, dir);
+ nextname[dirlen++] = '/';
+ strcpy (nextname + dirlen, npat);
+
+ if (GLOB_TESTNAME (nextname) >= 0)
+ {
+ free (nextname);
+ nextlink = (struct globval *)alloca (sizeof (struct globval));
+ if (nextlink)
+ {
+ nextlink->next = (struct globval *)0;
+ lastlink = nextlink;
+ nextlink->name = npat;
+ count = 1;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ free (npat);
+ lose = 1;
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ free (nextname);
+ free (npat);
+ }
+ }
+
+ skip = 1;
+ }
+
+ if (skip == 0)
+ {
+ /* Open the directory, punting immediately if we cannot. If opendir
+ is not robust (i.e., it opens non-directories successfully), test
+ that DIR is a directory and punt if it's not. */
+#if defined (OPENDIR_NOT_ROBUST)
+ if (glob_testdir (dir, 0) < 0)
+ return ((char **) &glob_error_return);
+#endif
+
+ d = opendir (dir);
+ if (d == NULL)
+ return ((char **) &glob_error_return);
+
+ /* Compute the flags that will be passed to strmatch(). We don't
+ need to do this every time through the loop. */
+ mflags = (noglob_dot_filenames ? FNM_PERIOD : 0) | FNM_PATHNAME;
+
+#ifdef FNM_CASEFOLD
+ if (glob_ignore_case)
+ mflags |= FNM_CASEFOLD;
+#endif
+
+ if (extended_glob)
+ mflags |= FNM_EXTMATCH;
+
+ add_current = ((flags & (GX_ALLDIRS|GX_ADDCURDIR)) == (GX_ALLDIRS|GX_ADDCURDIR));
+
+ /* Scan the directory, finding all names that match.
+ For each name that matches, allocate a struct globval
+ on the stack and store the name in it.
+ Chain those structs together; lastlink is the front of the chain. */
+ while (1)
+ {
+ /* Make globbing interruptible in the shell. */
+ if (interrupt_state || terminating_signal)
+ {
+ lose = 1;
+ break;
+ }
+ else if (signal_is_pending (SIGINT)) /* XXX - make SIGINT traps responsive */
+ {
+ lose = 1;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ dp = readdir (d);
+ if (dp == NULL)
+ break;
+
+ /* If this directory entry is not to be used, try again. */
+ if (REAL_DIR_ENTRY (dp) == 0)
+ continue;
+
+#if 0
+ if (dp->d_name == 0 || *dp->d_name == 0)
+ continue;
+#endif
+
+#if HANDLE_MULTIBYTE
+ if (MB_CUR_MAX > 1 && mbskipname (pat, dp->d_name, flags))
+ continue;
+ else
+#endif
+ if (skipname (pat, dp->d_name, flags))
+ continue;
+
+ /* If we're only interested in directories, don't bother with files */
+ if (flags & (GX_MATCHDIRS|GX_ALLDIRS))
+ {
+ pflags = (flags & GX_ALLDIRS) ? MP_RMDOT : 0;
+ if (flags & GX_NULLDIR)
+ pflags |= MP_IGNDOT;
+ subdir = sh_makepath (dir, dp->d_name, pflags);
+ isdir = glob_testdir (subdir, flags);
+ if (isdir < 0 && (flags & GX_MATCHDIRS))
+ {
+ free (subdir);
+ continue;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (flags & GX_ALLDIRS)
+ {
+ if (isdir == 0)
+ {
+ dirlist = finddirs (pat, subdir, (flags & ~GX_ADDCURDIR), &e, &ndirs);
+ if (dirlist == &finddirs_error_return)
+ {
+ free (subdir);
+ lose = 1;
+ break;
+ }
+ if (ndirs) /* add recursive directories to list */
+ {
+ if (firstmalloc == 0)
+ firstmalloc = e;
+ e->next = lastlink;
+ lastlink = dirlist;
+ count += ndirs;
+ }
+ }
+
+ nextlink = (struct globval *) malloc (sizeof (struct globval));
+ if (firstmalloc == 0)
+ firstmalloc = nextlink;
+ sdlen = strlen (subdir);
+ nextname = (char *) malloc (sdlen + 1);
+ if (nextlink == 0 || nextname == 0)
+ {
+ FREE (nextlink);
+ FREE (nextname);
+ free (subdir);
+ lose = 1;
+ break;
+ }
+ nextlink->next = lastlink;
+ lastlink = nextlink;
+ nextlink->name = nextname;
+ bcopy (subdir, nextname, sdlen + 1);
+ free (subdir);
+ ++count;
+ continue;
+ }
+ else if (flags & GX_MATCHDIRS)
+ free (subdir);
+
+ convfn = fnx_fromfs (dp->d_name, D_NAMLEN (dp));
+ if (strmatch (pat, convfn, mflags) != FNM_NOMATCH)
+ {
+ if (nalloca < ALLOCA_MAX)
+ {
+ nextlink = (struct globval *) alloca (sizeof (struct globval));
+ nalloca += sizeof (struct globval);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ nextlink = (struct globval *) malloc (sizeof (struct globval));
+ if (firstmalloc == 0)
+ firstmalloc = nextlink;
+ }
+
+ nextname = (char *) malloc (D_NAMLEN (dp) + 1);
+ if (nextlink == 0 || nextname == 0)
+ {
+ FREE (nextlink);
+ FREE (nextname);
+ lose = 1;
+ break;
+ }
+ nextlink->next = lastlink;
+ lastlink = nextlink;
+ nextlink->name = nextname;
+ bcopy (dp->d_name, nextname, D_NAMLEN (dp) + 1);
+ ++count;
+ }
+ }
+
+ (void) closedir (d);
+ }
+
+ /* compat: if GX_ADDCURDIR, add the passed directory also. Add an empty
+ directory name as a placeholder if GX_NULLDIR (in which case the passed
+ directory name is "."). */
+ if (add_current)
+ {
+ sdlen = strlen (dir);
+ nextname = (char *)malloc (sdlen + 1);
+ nextlink = (struct globval *) malloc (sizeof (struct globval));
+ if (nextlink == 0 || nextname == 0)
+ {
+ FREE (nextlink);
+ FREE (nextname);
+ lose = 1;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ nextlink->name = nextname;
+ nextlink->next = lastlink;
+ lastlink = nextlink;
+ if (flags & GX_NULLDIR)
+ nextname[0] = '\0';
+ else
+ bcopy (dir, nextname, sdlen + 1);
+ ++count;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (lose == 0)
+ {
+ name_vector = (char **) malloc ((count + 1) * sizeof (char *));
+ lose |= name_vector == NULL;
+ }
+
+ /* Have we run out of memory? */
+ if (lose)
+ {
+ tmplink = 0;
+
+ /* Here free the strings we have got. */
+ while (lastlink)
+ {
+ /* Since we build the list in reverse order, the first N entries
+ will be allocated with malloc, if firstmalloc is set, from
+ lastlink to firstmalloc. */
+ if (firstmalloc)
+ {
+ if (lastlink == firstmalloc)
+ firstmalloc = 0;
+ tmplink = lastlink;
+ }
+ else
+ tmplink = 0;
+ free (lastlink->name);
+ lastlink = lastlink->next;
+ FREE (tmplink);
+ }
+
+ /* Don't call QUIT; here; let higher layers deal with it. */
+
+ return ((char **)NULL);
+ }
+
+ /* Copy the name pointers from the linked list into the vector. */
+ for (tmplink = lastlink, i = 0; i < count; ++i)
+ {
+ name_vector[i] = tmplink->name;
+ tmplink = tmplink->next;
+ }
+
+ name_vector[count] = NULL;
+
+ /* If we allocated some of the struct globvals, free them now. */
+ if (firstmalloc)
+ {
+ tmplink = 0;
+ while (lastlink)
+ {
+ tmplink = lastlink;
+ if (lastlink == firstmalloc)
+ lastlink = firstmalloc = 0;
+ else
+ lastlink = lastlink->next;
+ free (tmplink);
+ }
+ }
+
+ return (name_vector);
+}
+
+/* Return a new array which is the concatenation of each string in ARRAY
+ to DIR. This function expects you to pass in an allocated ARRAY, and
+ it takes care of free()ing that array. Thus, you might think of this
+ function as side-effecting ARRAY. This should handle GX_MARKDIRS. */
+static char **
+glob_dir_to_array (dir, array, flags)
+ char *dir, **array;
+ int flags;
+{
+ register unsigned int i, l;
+ int add_slash;
+ char **result, *new;
+ struct stat sb;
+
+ l = strlen (dir);
+ if (l == 0)
+ {
+ if (flags & GX_MARKDIRS)
+ for (i = 0; array[i]; i++)
+ {
+ if ((stat (array[i], &sb) == 0) && S_ISDIR (sb.st_mode))
+ {
+ l = strlen (array[i]);
+ new = (char *)realloc (array[i], l + 2);
+ if (new == 0)
+ return NULL;
+ new[l] = '/';
+ new[l+1] = '\0';
+ array[i] = new;
+ }
+ }
+ return (array);
+ }
+
+ add_slash = dir[l - 1] != '/';
+
+ i = 0;
+ while (array[i] != NULL)
+ ++i;
+
+ result = (char **) malloc ((i + 1) * sizeof (char *));
+ if (result == NULL)
+ return (NULL);
+
+ for (i = 0; array[i] != NULL; i++)
+ {
+ /* 3 == 1 for NUL, 1 for slash at end of DIR, 1 for GX_MARKDIRS */
+ result[i] = (char *) malloc (l + strlen (array[i]) + 3);
+
+ if (result[i] == NULL)
+ {
+ int ind;
+ for (ind = 0; ind < i; ind++)
+ free (result[ind]);
+ free (result);
+ return (NULL);
+ }
+
+ strcpy (result[i], dir);
+ if (add_slash)
+ result[i][l] = '/';
+ strcpy (result[i] + l + add_slash, array[i]);
+ if (flags & GX_MARKDIRS)
+ {
+ if ((stat (result[i], &sb) == 0) && S_ISDIR (sb.st_mode))
+ {
+ size_t rlen;
+ rlen = strlen (result[i]);
+ result[i][rlen] = '/';
+ result[i][rlen+1] = '\0';
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ result[i] = NULL;
+
+ /* Free the input array. */
+ for (i = 0; array[i] != NULL; i++)
+ free (array[i]);
+ free ((char *) array);
+
+ return (result);
+}
+
+/* Do globbing on PATHNAME. Return an array of pathnames that match,
+ marking the end of the array with a null-pointer as an element.
+ If no pathnames match, then the array is empty (first element is null).
+ If there isn't enough memory, then return NULL.
+ If a file system error occurs, return -1; `errno' has the error code. */
+char **
+glob_filename (pathname, flags)
+ char *pathname;
+ int flags;
+{
+ char **result;
+ unsigned int result_size;
+ char *directory_name, *filename, *dname;
+ unsigned int directory_len;
+ int free_dirname; /* flag */
+ int dflags;
+
+ result = (char **) malloc (sizeof (char *));
+ result_size = 1;
+ if (result == NULL)
+ return (NULL);
+
+ result[0] = NULL;
+
+ directory_name = NULL;
+
+ /* Find the filename. */
+ filename = strrchr (pathname, '/');
+ if (filename == NULL)
+ {
+ filename = pathname;
+ directory_name = "";
+ directory_len = 0;
+ free_dirname = 0;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ directory_len = (filename - pathname) + 1;
+ directory_name = (char *) malloc (directory_len + 1);
+
+ if (directory_name == 0) /* allocation failed? */
+ return (NULL);
+
+ bcopy (pathname, directory_name, directory_len);
+ directory_name[directory_len] = '\0';
+ ++filename;
+ free_dirname = 1;
+ }
+
+ /* If directory_name contains globbing characters, then we
+ have to expand the previous levels. Just recurse. */
+ if (directory_len > 0 && glob_pattern_p (directory_name))
+ {
+ char **directories, *d, *p;
+ register unsigned int i;
+ int all_starstar, last_starstar;
+
+ all_starstar = last_starstar = 0;
+ d = directory_name;
+ dflags = flags & ~GX_MARKDIRS;
+ /* Collapse a sequence of ** patterns separated by one or more slashes
+ to a single ** terminated by a slash or NUL */
+ if ((flags & GX_GLOBSTAR) && d[0] == '*' && d[1] == '*' && (d[2] == '/' || d[2] == '\0'))
+ {
+ p = d;
+ while (d[0] == '*' && d[1] == '*' && (d[2] == '/' || d[2] == '\0'))
+ {
+ p = d;
+ if (d[2])
+ {
+ d += 3;
+ while (*d == '/')
+ d++;
+ if (*d == 0)
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ if (*d == 0)
+ all_starstar = 1;
+ d = p;
+ dflags |= GX_ALLDIRS|GX_ADDCURDIR;
+ directory_len = strlen (d);
+ }
+
+ /* If there is a non [star][star]/ component in directory_name, we
+ still need to collapse trailing sequences of [star][star]/ into
+ a single one and note that the directory name ends with [star][star],
+ so we can compensate if filename is [star][star] */
+ if ((flags & GX_GLOBSTAR) && all_starstar == 0)
+ {
+ int dl, prev;
+ prev = dl = directory_len;
+ while (dl >= 4 && d[dl - 1] == '/' &&
+ d[dl - 2] == '*' &&
+ d[dl - 3] == '*' &&
+ d[dl - 4] == '/')
+ prev = dl, dl -= 3;
+ if (dl != directory_len)
+ last_starstar = 1;
+ directory_len = prev;
+ }
+
+ /* If the directory name ends in [star][star]/ but the filename is
+ [star][star], just remove the final [star][star] from the directory
+ so we don't have to scan everything twice. */
+ if (last_starstar && directory_len > 4 &&
+ filename[0] == '*' && filename[1] == '*' && filename[2] == 0)
+ {
+ directory_len -= 3;
+ }
+
+ if (d[directory_len - 1] == '/')
+ d[directory_len - 1] = '\0';
+
+ directories = glob_filename (d, dflags);
+
+ if (free_dirname)
+ {
+ free (directory_name);
+ directory_name = NULL;
+ }
+
+ if (directories == NULL)
+ goto memory_error;
+ else if (directories == (char **)&glob_error_return)
+ {
+ free ((char *) result);
+ return ((char **) &glob_error_return);
+ }
+ else if (*directories == NULL)
+ {
+ free ((char *) directories);
+ free ((char *) result);
+ return ((char **) &glob_error_return);
+ }
+
+ /* If we have something like [star][star]/[star][star], it's no use to
+ glob **, then do it again, and throw half the results away. */
+ if (all_starstar && filename[0] == '*' && filename[1] == '*' && filename[2] == 0)
+ {
+ free ((char *) directories);
+ free (directory_name);
+ directory_name = NULL;
+ directory_len = 0;
+ goto only_filename;
+ }
+
+ /* We have successfully globbed the preceding directory name.
+ For each name in DIRECTORIES, call glob_vector on it and
+ FILENAME. Concatenate the results together. */
+ for (i = 0; directories[i] != NULL; ++i)
+ {
+ char **temp_results;
+ int shouldbreak;
+
+ shouldbreak = 0;
+ /* XXX -- we've recursively scanned any directories resulting from
+ a `**', so turn off the flag. We turn it on again below if
+ filename is `**' */
+ /* Scan directory even on a NULL filename. That way, `*h/'
+ returns only directories ending in `h', instead of all
+ files ending in `h' with a `/' appended. */
+ dname = directories[i];
+ dflags = flags & ~(GX_MARKDIRS|GX_ALLDIRS|GX_ADDCURDIR);
+ if ((flags & GX_GLOBSTAR) && filename[0] == '*' && filename[1] == '*' && filename[2] == '\0')
+ dflags |= GX_ALLDIRS|GX_ADDCURDIR;
+ if (dname[0] == '\0' && filename[0])
+ {
+ dflags |= GX_NULLDIR;
+ dname = "."; /* treat null directory name and non-null filename as current directory */
+ }
+ temp_results = glob_vector (filename, dname, dflags);
+
+ /* Handle error cases. */
+ if (temp_results == NULL)
+ goto memory_error;
+ else if (temp_results == (char **)&glob_error_return)
+ /* This filename is probably not a directory. Ignore it. */
+ ;
+ else
+ {
+ char **array;
+ register unsigned int l;
+
+ /* If we're expanding **, we don't need to glue the directory
+ name to the results; we've already done it in glob_vector */
+ if ((dflags & GX_ALLDIRS) && filename[0] == '*' && filename[1] == '*' && (filename[2] == '\0' || filename[2] == '/'))
+ {
+ /* When do we remove null elements from temp_results? And
+ how to avoid duplicate elements in the final result? */
+ /* If (dflags & GX_NULLDIR) glob_filename potentially left a
+ NULL placeholder in the temp results just in case
+ glob_vector/glob_dir_to_array did something with it, but
+ if it didn't, and we're not supposed to be passing them
+ through for some reason ((flags & GX_NULLDIR) == 0) we
+ need to remove all the NULL elements from the beginning
+ of TEMP_RESULTS. */
+ /* If we have a null directory name and ** as the filename,
+ we have just searched for everything from the current
+ directory on down. Break now (shouldbreak = 1) to avoid
+ duplicate entries in the final result. */
+#define NULL_PLACEHOLDER(x) ((x) && *(x) && **(x) == 0)
+ if ((dflags & GX_NULLDIR) && (flags & GX_NULLDIR) == 0 &&
+ NULL_PLACEHOLDER (temp_results))
+#undef NULL_PLACEHOLDER
+ {
+ register int i, n;
+ for (n = 0; temp_results[n] && *temp_results[n] == 0; n++)
+ ;
+ i = n;
+ do
+ temp_results[i - n] = temp_results[i];
+ while (temp_results[i++] != 0);
+ array = temp_results;
+ shouldbreak = 1;
+ }
+ else
+ array = temp_results;
+ }
+ else
+ array = glob_dir_to_array (directories[i], temp_results, flags);
+ l = 0;
+ while (array[l] != NULL)
+ ++l;
+
+ result =
+ (char **)realloc (result, (result_size + l) * sizeof (char *));
+
+ if (result == NULL)
+ goto memory_error;
+
+ for (l = 0; array[l] != NULL; ++l)
+ result[result_size++ - 1] = array[l];
+
+ result[result_size - 1] = NULL;
+
+ /* Note that the elements of ARRAY are not freed. */
+ if (array != temp_results)
+ free ((char *) array);
+ else if ((dflags & GX_ALLDIRS) && filename[0] == '*' && filename[1] == '*' && filename[2] == '\0')
+ free (temp_results); /* expanding ** case above */
+
+ if (shouldbreak)
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ /* Free the directories. */
+ for (i = 0; directories[i]; i++)
+ free (directories[i]);
+
+ free ((char *) directories);
+
+ return (result);
+ }
+
+only_filename:
+ /* If there is only a directory name, return it. */
+ if (*filename == '\0')
+ {
+ result = (char **) realloc ((char *) result, 2 * sizeof (char *));
+ if (result == NULL)
+ return (NULL);
+ /* Handle GX_MARKDIRS here. */
+ result[0] = (char *) malloc (directory_len + 1);
+ if (result[0] == NULL)
+ goto memory_error;
+ bcopy (directory_name, result[0], directory_len + 1);
+ if (free_dirname)
+ free (directory_name);
+ result[1] = NULL;
+ return (result);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ char **temp_results;
+
+ /* There are no unquoted globbing characters in DIRECTORY_NAME.
+ Dequote it before we try to open the directory since there may
+ be quoted globbing characters which should be treated verbatim. */
+ if (directory_len > 0)
+ dequote_pathname (directory_name);
+
+ /* We allocated a small array called RESULT, which we won't be using.
+ Free that memory now. */
+ free (result);
+
+ /* Just return what glob_vector () returns appended to the
+ directory name. */
+ /* If flags & GX_ALLDIRS, we're called recursively */
+ dflags = flags & ~GX_MARKDIRS;
+ if (directory_len == 0)
+ dflags |= GX_NULLDIR;
+ if ((flags & GX_GLOBSTAR) && filename[0] == '*' && filename[1] == '*' && filename[2] == '\0')
+ {
+ dflags |= GX_ALLDIRS|GX_ADDCURDIR;
+#if 0
+ /* If we want all directories (dflags & GX_ALLDIRS) and we're not
+ being called recursively as something like `echo [star][star]/[star].o'
+ ((flags & GX_ALLDIRS) == 0), we want to prevent glob_vector from
+ adding a null directory name to the front of the temp_results
+ array. We turn off ADDCURDIR if not called recursively and
+ dlen == 0 */
+#endif
+ if (directory_len == 0 && (flags & GX_ALLDIRS) == 0)
+ dflags &= ~GX_ADDCURDIR;
+ }
+ temp_results = glob_vector (filename,
+ (directory_len == 0 ? "." : directory_name),
+ dflags);
+
+ if (temp_results == NULL || temp_results == (char **)&glob_error_return)
+ {
+ if (free_dirname)
+ free (directory_name);
+ QUIT; /* XXX - shell */
+ run_pending_traps ();
+ return (temp_results);
+ }
+
+ result = glob_dir_to_array ((dflags & GX_ALLDIRS) ? "" : directory_name, temp_results, flags);
+
+ if (free_dirname)
+ free (directory_name);
+ return (result);
+ }
+
+ /* We get to memory_error if the program has run out of memory, or
+ if this is the shell, and we have been interrupted. */
+ memory_error:
+ if (result != NULL)
+ {
+ register unsigned int i;
+ for (i = 0; result[i] != NULL; ++i)
+ free (result[i]);
+ free ((char *) result);
+ }
+
+ if (free_dirname && directory_name)
+ free (directory_name);
+
+ QUIT;
+ run_pending_traps ();
+
+ return (NULL);
+}
+
+#if defined (TEST)
+
+main (argc, argv)
+ int argc;
+ char **argv;
+{
+ unsigned int i;
+
+ for (i = 1; i < argc; ++i)
+ {
+ char **value = glob_filename (argv[i], 0);
+ if (value == NULL)
+ puts ("Out of memory.");
+ else if (value == &glob_error_return)
+ perror (argv[i]);
+ else
+ for (i = 0; value[i] != NULL; i++)
+ puts (value[i]);
+ }
+
+ exit (0);
+}
+#endif /* TEST. */
extern Keymap rl_copy_keymap PARAMS((Keymap));
extern Keymap rl_make_keymap PARAMS((void));
extern void rl_discard_keymap PARAMS((Keymap));
+extern void rl_free_keymap PARAMS((Keymap));
extern Keymap rl_get_keymap_by_name PARAMS((const char *));
extern char *rl_get_keymap_name PARAMS((Keymap));
extern int rl_set_paren_blink_timeout PARAMS((int));
+/* History management functions. */
+
+extern void rl_clear_history PARAMS((void));
+
/* Undocumented. */
extern int rl_maybe_save_line PARAMS((void));
extern int rl_maybe_unsave_line PARAMS((void));
/* If we are editing a history entry, make sure the change is replicated
in the history entry's line */
cur = current_history ();
- if ((UNDO_LIST *)cur->data == release)
+ if (cur && cur->data && (UNDO_LIST *)cur->data == release)
{
temp = replace_history_entry (where_history (), rl_line_buffer, (histdata_t)rl_undo_list);
xfree (temp->line);
--- /dev/null
+/* readline.c -- a general facility for reading lines of input
+ with emacs style editing and completion. */
+
+/* Copyright (C) 1987-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+ This file is part of the GNU Readline Library (Readline), a library
+ for reading lines of text with interactive input and history editing.
+
+ Readline is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ (at your option) any later version.
+
+ Readline is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ along with Readline. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+#define READLINE_LIBRARY
+
+#if defined (HAVE_CONFIG_H)
+# include <config.h>
+#endif
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+
+#if defined (HAVE_UNISTD_H)
+# include <unistd.h> /* for _POSIX_VERSION */
+#endif /* HAVE_UNISTD_H */
+
+#if defined (HAVE_STDLIB_H)
+# include <stdlib.h>
+#else
+# include "ansi_stdlib.h"
+#endif /* HAVE_STDLIB_H */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+/* System-specific feature definitions and include files. */
+#include "rldefs.h"
+
+/* Some standard library routines. */
+#include "readline.h"
+#include "history.h"
+
+#include "rlprivate.h"
+#include "xmalloc.h"
+
+extern void replace_history_data PARAMS((int, histdata_t *, histdata_t *));
+
+/* Non-zero tells rl_delete_text and rl_insert_text to not add to
+ the undo list. */
+int _rl_doing_an_undo = 0;
+
+/* How many unclosed undo groups we currently have. */
+int _rl_undo_group_level = 0;
+
+/* The current undo list for THE_LINE. */
+UNDO_LIST *rl_undo_list = (UNDO_LIST *)NULL;
+
+/* **************************************************************** */
+/* */
+/* Undo, and Undoing */
+/* */
+/* **************************************************************** */
+
+static UNDO_LIST *
+alloc_undo_entry (what, start, end, text)
+ enum undo_code what;
+ int start, end;
+ char *text;
+{
+ UNDO_LIST *temp;
+
+ temp = (UNDO_LIST *)xmalloc (sizeof (UNDO_LIST));
+ temp->what = what;
+ temp->start = start;
+ temp->end = end;
+ temp->text = text;
+
+ temp->next = (UNDO_LIST *)NULL;
+ return temp;
+}
+
+/* Remember how to undo something. Concatenate some undos if that
+ seems right. */
+void
+rl_add_undo (what, start, end, text)
+ enum undo_code what;
+ int start, end;
+ char *text;
+{
+ UNDO_LIST *temp;
+
+ temp = alloc_undo_entry (what, start, end, text);
+ temp->next = rl_undo_list;
+ rl_undo_list = temp;
+}
+
+/* Free an UNDO_LIST */
+void
+_rl_free_undo_list (ul)
+ UNDO_LIST *ul;
+{
+ UNDO_LIST *release;
+
+ while (ul)
+ {
+ release = ul;
+ ul = ul->next;
+
+ if (release->what == UNDO_DELETE)
+ xfree (release->text);
+
+ xfree (release);
+ }
+}
+
+/* Free the existing undo list. */
+void
+rl_free_undo_list ()
+{
+ UNDO_LIST *release, *orig_list;
+
+ orig_list = rl_undo_list;
+ _rl_free_undo_list (rl_undo_list);
+ rl_undo_list = (UNDO_LIST *)NULL;
+ replace_history_data (-1, (histdata_t *)orig_list, (histdata_t *)NULL);
+}
+
+UNDO_LIST *
+_rl_copy_undo_entry (entry)
+ UNDO_LIST *entry;
+{
+ UNDO_LIST *new;
+
+ new = alloc_undo_entry (entry->what, entry->start, entry->end, (char *)NULL);
+ new->text = entry->text ? savestring (entry->text) : 0;
+ return new;
+}
+
+UNDO_LIST *
+_rl_copy_undo_list (head)
+ UNDO_LIST *head;
+{
+ UNDO_LIST *list, *new, *roving, *c;
+
+ if (head == 0)
+ return head;
+
+ list = head;
+ new = 0;
+ while (list)
+ {
+ c = _rl_copy_undo_entry (list);
+ if (new == 0)
+ roving = new = c;
+ else
+ {
+ roving->next = c;
+ roving = roving->next;
+ }
+ list = list->next;
+ }
+
+ roving->next = 0;
+ return new;
+}
+
+/* Undo the next thing in the list. Return 0 if there
+ is nothing to undo, or non-zero if there was. */
+int
+rl_do_undo ()
+{
+ UNDO_LIST *release;
+ int waiting_for_begin, start, end;
+ HIST_ENTRY *cur, *temp;
+
+#define TRANS(i) ((i) == -1 ? rl_point : ((i) == -2 ? rl_end : (i)))
+
+ start = end = waiting_for_begin = 0;
+ do
+ {
+ if (rl_undo_list == 0)
+ return (0);
+
+ _rl_doing_an_undo = 1;
+ RL_SETSTATE(RL_STATE_UNDOING);
+
+ /* To better support vi-mode, a start or end value of -1 means
+ rl_point, and a value of -2 means rl_end. */
+ if (rl_undo_list->what == UNDO_DELETE || rl_undo_list->what == UNDO_INSERT)
+ {
+ start = TRANS (rl_undo_list->start);
+ end = TRANS (rl_undo_list->end);
+ }
+
+ switch (rl_undo_list->what)
+ {
+ /* Undoing deletes means inserting some text. */
+ case UNDO_DELETE:
+ rl_point = start;
+ rl_insert_text (rl_undo_list->text);
+ xfree (rl_undo_list->text);
+ break;
+
+ /* Undoing inserts means deleting some text. */
+ case UNDO_INSERT:
+ rl_delete_text (start, end);
+ rl_point = start;
+ break;
+
+ /* Undoing an END means undoing everything 'til we get to a BEGIN. */
+ case UNDO_END:
+ waiting_for_begin++;
+ break;
+
+ /* Undoing a BEGIN means that we are done with this group. */
+ case UNDO_BEGIN:
+ if (waiting_for_begin)
+ waiting_for_begin--;
+ else
+ rl_ding ();
+ break;
+ }
+
+ _rl_doing_an_undo = 0;
+ RL_UNSETSTATE(RL_STATE_UNDOING);
+
+ release = rl_undo_list;
+ rl_undo_list = rl_undo_list->next;
+
+ /* If we are editing a history entry, make sure the change is replicated
+ in the history entry's line */
+ cur = current_history ();
+ if ((UNDO_LIST *)cur->data == release)
+ {
+ temp = replace_history_entry (where_history (), rl_line_buffer, (histdata_t)rl_undo_list);
+ xfree (temp->line);
+ FREE (temp->timestamp);
+ xfree (temp);
+ }
+
+ replace_history_data (-1, (histdata_t *)release, (histdata_t *)rl_undo_list);
+
+ xfree (release);
+ }
+ while (waiting_for_begin);
+
+ return (1);
+}
+#undef TRANS
+
+int
+_rl_fix_last_undo_of_type (type, start, end)
+ int type, start, end;
+{
+ UNDO_LIST *rl;
+
+ for (rl = rl_undo_list; rl; rl = rl->next)
+ {
+ if (rl->what == type)
+ {
+ rl->start = start;
+ rl->end = end;
+ return 0;
+ }
+ }
+ return 1;
+}
+
+/* Begin a group. Subsequent undos are undone as an atomic operation. */
+int
+rl_begin_undo_group ()
+{
+ rl_add_undo (UNDO_BEGIN, 0, 0, 0);
+ _rl_undo_group_level++;
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/* End an undo group started with rl_begin_undo_group (). */
+int
+rl_end_undo_group ()
+{
+ rl_add_undo (UNDO_END, 0, 0, 0);
+ _rl_undo_group_level--;
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/* Save an undo entry for the text from START to END. */
+int
+rl_modifying (start, end)
+ int start, end;
+{
+ if (start > end)
+ {
+ SWAP (start, end);
+ }
+
+ if (start != end)
+ {
+ char *temp = rl_copy_text (start, end);
+ rl_begin_undo_group ();
+ rl_add_undo (UNDO_DELETE, start, end, temp);
+ rl_add_undo (UNDO_INSERT, start, end, (char *)NULL);
+ rl_end_undo_group ();
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/* Revert the current line to its previous state. */
+int
+rl_revert_line (count, key)
+ int count, key;
+{
+ if (rl_undo_list == 0)
+ rl_ding ();
+ else
+ {
+ while (rl_undo_list)
+ rl_do_undo ();
+#if defined (VI_MODE)
+ if (rl_editing_mode == vi_mode)
+ rl_point = rl_mark = 0; /* rl_end should be set correctly */
+#endif
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/* Do some undoing of things that were done. */
+int
+rl_undo_command (count, key)
+ int count, key;
+{
+ if (count < 0)
+ return 0; /* Nothing to do. */
+
+ while (count)
+ {
+ if (rl_do_undo ())
+ count--;
+ else
+ {
+ rl_ding ();
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
#ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
#include <unistd.h>
#endif
+#include <stdio.h>
#include <limits.h>
#if HAVE_ICONV
{
char *temp;
register int i, j;
- int brack, cclass, collsym, equiv, c;
+ int brack, cclass, collsym, equiv, c, last_was_backslash;
temp = (char *)xmalloc (2 * strlen (pathname) + 1);
return temp;
}
- brack = cclass = collsym = equiv = 0;
+ brack = cclass = collsym = equiv = last_was_backslash = 0;
for (i = j = 0; pathname[i]; i++)
{
/* Fix for CTLESC at the end of the string? */
temp[j++] = pathname[i++];
break;
}
+ /* If we are parsing regexp, turn CTLESC CTLESC into CTLESC. It's not an
+ ERE special character, so we should just be able to pass it through. */
+ else if ((qflags & QGLOB_REGEXP) && pathname[i] == CTLESC && pathname[i+1] == CTLESC)
+ {
+ i++;
+ temp[j++] = pathname[i];
+ continue;
+ }
else if (pathname[i] == CTLESC)
{
if ((qflags & QGLOB_FILENAME) && pathname[i+1] == '/')
continue;
+ /* What to do if preceding char is backslash? */
if (pathname[i+1] != CTLESC && (qflags & QGLOB_REGEXP) && ere_char (pathname[i+1]) == 0)
continue;
temp[j++] = '\\';
i--; /* increment will happen above in loop */
continue; /* skip double assignment below */
}
- else if (pathname[i] == '\\')
+ else if (pathname[i] == '\\' && (qflags & QGLOB_REGEXP) == 0)
{
- /* If we want to pass through backslash unaltered, comment out these
- lines. */
- temp[j++] = '\\';
/* XXX - if not quoting regexp, use backslash as quote char. Should
we just pass it through without treating it as special? That is
what ksh93 seems to do. */
- if ((qflags & QGLOB_REGEXP) == 0)
- {
- i++;
- if (pathname[i] == '\0')
- break;
- }
+
+ /* If we want to pass through backslash unaltered, comment out these
+ lines. */
+ temp[j++] = '\\';
+
+ i++;
+ if (pathname[i] == '\0')
+ break;
}
+ else if (pathname[i] == '\\' && (qflags & QGLOB_REGEXP))
+ last_was_backslash = 1;
temp[j++] = pathname[i];
}
endpat:
# Czech tranlation for bash.
# Copyright (C) 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
# This file is distributed under the same license as the bash package.
-# Petr Pisar <petr.pisar@atlas.cz>, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013.
+# Petr Pisar <petr.pisar@atlas.cz>, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014.
#
# alias → alias
# subscript → podskript
# Názvy signálu a stavů procesu by měly souhlasit se signal(7).
msgid ""
msgstr ""
-"Project-Id-Version: bash 4.3-pre2\n"
+"Project-Id-Version: bash 4.3-rc2\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-01-23 16:04-0500\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2013-08-18 18:04+0200\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-01-30 19:29+0100\n"
"Last-Translator: Petr Pisar <petr.pisar@atlas.cz>\n"
"Language-Team: Czech <translation-team-cs@lists.sourceforge.net>\n"
"Language: cs\n"
#: braces.c:321
#, c-format
msgid "brace expansion: cannot allocate memory for %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "závorková expanze: nelze alokovat paměť pro %s"
+# TODO: pluralize
#: braces.c:413
#, c-format
msgid "brace expansion: failed to allocate memory for %d elements"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "závorková expanze: alokace paměti pro %d prvků selhala"
#: braces.c:452
#, c-format
msgid "brace expansion: failed to allocate memory for `%s'"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "závorková expanze: alokace paměti pro „%s“ selhala"
#: builtins/alias.def:132
#, c-format
#: builtins/help.def:182
#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"no help topics match `%s'. Try `help help' or `man -k %s' or `info %s'."
-msgstr ""
-"žádné téma nápovědy se nehodí pro „%s“. Zkuste „help help“ nebo „man -k %s“ "
-"nebo „info %s“."
+msgid "no help topics match `%s'. Try `help help' or `man -k %s' or `info %s'."
+msgstr "žádné téma nápovědy se nehodí pro „%s“. Zkuste „help help“ nebo „man -k %s“ nebo „info %s“."
#: builtins/help.def:199
#, c-format
#: builtins/printf.def:768
#, c-format
msgid "format parsing problem: %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "potíže s rozebráním formátovacího řetězce: %s"
#: builtins/printf.def:865
msgid "missing hex digit for \\x"
" \twith its position in the stack\n"
" \n"
" Arguments:\n"
-" +N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown "
-"by\n"
+" +N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown by\n"
" \tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.\n"
" \n"
-" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown "
-"by\n"
+" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown by\n"
"\tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero."
msgstr ""
"Zobrazí seznam právě zapamatovaných adresářů. Adresáře si najdou svoji\n"
" \t„dirs“, počínaje nulou. Na příklad: „popd +0“ odstraní první\n"
" \tadresář, „popd -1“ druhý.\n"
" \n"
-" -N\tOdstraní N. položku počítáno zprava na seznamu zobrazovaném "
-"pomocí\n"
+" -N\tOdstraní N. položku počítáno zprava na seznamu zobrazovaném pomocí\n"
" \t„dirs“, počínaje nulou. Na příklad: „popd -0“ odstraní poslední\n"
" \tadresář, „popd -1“ další vedle posledního.\n"
" \n"
#: shell.c:1856
#, c-format
msgid "Type `%s -c \"help set\"' for more information about shell options.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Podrobnosti o přepínačích shellu získáte tím, že napíšete „%s -c \"help set"
-"\"“.\n"
+msgstr "Podrobnosti o přepínačích shellu získáte tím, že napíšete „%s -c \"help set\"“.\n"
#: shell.c:1857
#, c-format
msgstr "$%s: takto nelze přiřazovat"
#: subst.c:7917
-msgid ""
-"future versions of the shell will force evaluation as an arithmetic "
-"substitution"
-msgstr ""
-"budoucá verze tohoto shellu budou vynucovat vyhodnocení jako aritmetickou "
-"substituci"
+msgid "future versions of the shell will force evaluation as an arithmetic substitution"
+msgstr "budoucá verze tohoto shellu budou vynucovat vyhodnocení jako aritmetickou substituci"
#: subst.c:8421
#, c-format
#: trap.c:375
#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"run_pending_traps: signal handler is SIG_DFL, resending %d (%s) to myself"
+msgid "run_pending_traps: signal handler is SIG_DFL, resending %d (%s) to myself"
msgstr "run_pending_traps: obsluha signálu je SIG_DFL, přeposílám %d (%s) sobě"
#: trap.c:428
msgstr "úroveň shellu (%d) příliš vysoká, resetuji na 1"
#: variables.c:1865
-#, fuzzy, c-format
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: circular name reference"
-msgstr "%s: neplatný název proměnné pro odkaz na název"
+msgstr "%s: kruhový odkaz na název"
#: variables.c:2228
msgid "make_local_variable: no function context at current scope"
msgstr "%s: %s: hodnota kompatibility je mimo rozsah"
#: version.c:46
-#, fuzzy
msgid "Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr "Copyright © 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgstr "Copyright © 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#: version.c:47 version2.c:47
-msgid ""
-"License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl."
-"html>\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Licence GPLv3+: GNU GPL verze 3 nebo novější <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl."
-"html>\n"
+msgid "License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>\n"
+msgstr "Licence GPLv3+: GNU GPL verze 3 nebo novější <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>\n"
#: version.c:86 version2.c:86
#, c-format
msgstr "unalias [-a] název [název…]"
#: builtins.c:51
-msgid ""
-"bind [-lpsvPSVX] [-m keymap] [-f filename] [-q name] [-u name] [-r keyseq] [-"
-"x keyseq:shell-command] [keyseq:readline-function or readline-command]"
-msgstr ""
-"bind [-lpsvPSVX] [-m klávmapa] [-f soubor] [-q název] [-u název] [-r "
-"klávposl] [-x klávposl:příkaz-shellu] [klávposl:readline-funkce nebo "
-"readline-příkaz]"
+msgid "bind [-lpsvPSVX] [-m keymap] [-f filename] [-q name] [-u name] [-r keyseq] [-x keyseq:shell-command] [keyseq:readline-function or readline-command]"
+msgstr "bind [-lpsvPSVX] [-m klávmapa] [-f soubor] [-q název] [-u název] [-r klávposl] [-x klávposl:příkaz-shellu] [klávposl:readline-funkce nebo readline-příkaz]"
#: builtins.c:54
msgid "break [n]"
msgstr "caller [výraz]"
#: builtins.c:64
-#, fuzzy
msgid "cd [-L|[-P [-e]] [-@]] [dir]"
-msgstr "cd [-L|[-P [-e]]] [adr]"
+msgstr "cd [-L|[-P [-e]] [-@]] [adresář]"
#: builtins.c:66
msgid "pwd [-LP]"
#: builtins.c:103
msgid "fc [-e ename] [-lnr] [first] [last] or fc -s [pat=rep] [command]"
-msgstr ""
-"fc [-e enázev] [-lnr] [první] [poslední] nebo fc -s [vzor=náhrada] [příkaz]"
+msgstr "fc [-e enázev] [-lnr] [první] [poslední] nebo fc -s [vzor=náhrada] [příkaz]"
#: builtins.c:107
msgid "fg [job_spec]"
msgstr "help [-dms] [vzorek…]"
#: builtins.c:121
-msgid ""
-"history [-c] [-d offset] [n] or history -anrw [filename] or history -ps arg "
-"[arg...]"
-msgstr ""
-"history [-c] [-d pozice] [n] nebo history -anrw [jméno_souboru] nebo history "
-"-ps argument [argument…]"
+msgid "history [-c] [-d offset] [n] or history -anrw [filename] or history -ps arg [arg...]"
+msgstr "history [-c] [-d pozice] [n] nebo history -anrw [jméno_souboru] nebo history -ps argument [argument…]"
#: builtins.c:125
msgid "jobs [-lnprs] [jobspec ...] or jobs -x command [args]"
msgstr "disown [-h] [-ar] [úloha…]"
#: builtins.c:132
-msgid ""
-"kill [-s sigspec | -n signum | -sigspec] pid | jobspec ... or kill -l "
-"[sigspec]"
-msgstr ""
-"kill [-s sigspec | -n číssig | -sigspec] pid | úloha… nebo kill -l [sigspec]"
+msgid "kill [-s sigspec | -n signum | -sigspec] pid | jobspec ... or kill -l [sigspec]"
+msgstr "kill [-s sigspec | -n číssig | -sigspec] pid | úloha… nebo kill -l [sigspec]"
#: builtins.c:134
msgid "let arg [arg ...]"
msgstr "let argument [argument…]"
#: builtins.c:136
-msgid ""
-"read [-ers] [-a array] [-d delim] [-i text] [-n nchars] [-N nchars] [-p "
-"prompt] [-t timeout] [-u fd] [name ...]"
-msgstr ""
-"read [-ers] [-a pole] [-d oddělovač] [-i text] [-n p_znaků] [-N p_znaků] [-p "
-"výzva] [-t limit] [-u fd] [jméno…]"
+msgid "read [-ers] [-a array] [-d delim] [-i text] [-n nchars] [-N nchars] [-p prompt] [-t timeout] [-u fd] [name ...]"
+msgstr "read [-ers] [-a pole] [-d oddělovač] [-i text] [-n p_znaků] [-N p_znaků] [-p výzva] [-t limit] [-u fd] [jméno…]"
#: builtins.c:138
msgid "return [n]"
msgstr "case SLOVO in [VZOR [| VZOR]…) PŘÍKAZY ;;]… esac"
#: builtins.c:192
-msgid ""
-"if COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; [ elif COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; ]... [ else "
-"COMMANDS; ] fi"
-msgstr ""
-"if PŘÍKAZY; then PŘÍKAZY; [ elif PŘÍKAZY; then PŘÍKAZY; ]… [ else PŘÍKAZY; ] "
-"fi"
+msgid "if COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; [ elif COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; ]... [ else COMMANDS; ] fi"
+msgstr "if PŘÍKAZY; then PŘÍKAZY; [ elif PŘÍKAZY; then PŘÍKAZY; ]… [ else PŘÍKAZY; ] fi"
#: builtins.c:194
msgid "while COMMANDS; do COMMANDS; done"
msgstr "printf [-v proměnná] formát [argumenty]"
#: builtins.c:229
-msgid ""
-"complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DE] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-"
-"W wordlist] [-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S "
-"suffix] [name ...]"
-msgstr ""
-"complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DE] [-o přepínač] [-A akce] [-G globvzor] [-"
-"W seznam_slov] [-F funkce] [-C příkaz] [-X filtrvzor] [-P předpona] [-S "
-"přípona] [název…]"
+msgid "complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DE] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] [-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [name ...]"
+msgstr "complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DE] [-o přepínač] [-A akce] [-G globvzor] [-W seznam_slov] [-F funkce] [-C příkaz] [-X filtrvzor] [-P předpona] [-S přípona] [název…]"
#: builtins.c:233
-msgid ""
-"compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] "
-"[-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [word]"
-msgstr ""
-"compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o přepínač] [-A akce] [-G globvzor] [-W "
-"seznam_slov] [-F funkce] [-C příkaz] [-X filtrvzor] [-P předpona] [-S "
-"přípona] [slovo]"
+msgid "compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] [-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [word]"
+msgstr "compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o přepínač] [-A akce] [-G globvzor] [-W seznam_slov] [-F funkce] [-C příkaz] [-X filtrvzor] [-P předpona] [-S přípona] [slovo]"
#: builtins.c:237
msgid "compopt [-o|+o option] [-DE] [name ...]"
msgstr "compopt [-o|+o možnost] [-DE] [název…]"
#: builtins.c:240
-msgid ""
-"mapfile [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c "
-"quantum] [array]"
-msgstr ""
-"mapfile [-n počet] [-O počátek] [-s počet] [-t] [-u fd] [-C volání] [-c "
-"množství] [pole]"
+msgid "mapfile [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c quantum] [array]"
+msgstr "mapfile [-n počet] [-O počátek] [-s počet] [-t] [-u fd] [-C volání] [-c množství] [pole]"
#: builtins.c:242
-msgid ""
-"readarray [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c "
-"quantum] [array]"
-msgstr ""
-"readarray [-n počet] [-O počátek] [-s počet] [-t] [-u fd] [-C volání] [-c "
-"množství] [pole]"
+msgid "readarray [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c quantum] [array]"
+msgstr "readarray [-n počet] [-O počátek] [-s počet] [-t] [-u fd] [-C volání] [-c množství] [pole]"
#: builtins.c:254
msgid ""
" -p\tPrint all defined aliases in a reusable format\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" alias returns true unless a NAME is supplied for which no alias has "
-"been\n"
+" alias returns true unless a NAME is supplied for which no alias has been\n"
" defined."
msgstr ""
"Definuje nebo zobrazí aliasy.\n"
" \n"
-" „alias“ bez argumentů vypíše na standardní výstup seznam aliasů ve "
-"znovu\n"
+" „alias“ bez argumentů vypíše na standardní výstup seznam aliasů ve znovu\n"
" použitelném formátu NÁZEV=HODNOTA.\n"
" \n"
" Jinak bude definován alias pro každý NÁZEV, který má zadanou HODNOTU.\n"
-" Závěrečná mezera v HODNOTĚ způsobí, že při expanzi bude následující "
-"slovo\n"
+" Závěrečná mezera v HODNOTĚ způsobí, že při expanzi bude následující slovo\n"
" zkontrolováno na substituci aliasů.\n"
" \n"
" Přepínače:\n"
" Options:\n"
" -m keymap Use KEYMAP as the keymap for the duration of this\n"
" command. Acceptable keymap names are emacs,\n"
-" emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-"
-"move,\n"
+" emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-move,\n"
" vi-command, and vi-insert.\n"
" -l List names of functions.\n"
" -P List function names and bindings.\n"
" -p List functions and bindings in a form that can be\n"
" reused as input.\n"
-" -S List key sequences that invoke macros and their "
-"values\n"
-" -s List key sequences that invoke macros and their "
-"values\n"
+" -S List key sequences that invoke macros and their values\n"
+" -s List key sequences that invoke macros and their values\n"
" in a form that can be reused as input.\n"
" -V List variable names and values\n"
" -v List variable names and values in a form that can\n"
" be reused as input.\n"
" -q function-name Query about which keys invoke the named function.\n"
-" -u function-name Unbind all keys which are bound to the named "
-"function.\n"
+" -u function-name Unbind all keys which are bound to the named function.\n"
" -r keyseq Remove the binding for KEYSEQ.\n"
" -f filename Read key bindings from FILENAME.\n"
" -x keyseq:shell-command\tCause SHELL-COMMAND to be executed when\n"
" Přepínače:\n"
" -m klávmapa Použije KLÁVMAPU jako klávesovou mapu pro trvání\n"
" tohoto příkazu. Možné klávesové mapy jsou emacs,\n"
-" emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-"
-"move,\n"
+" emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-move,\n"
" vi-command a vi-insert.\n"
" -l Vypíše seznam názvů funkcí.\n"
" -P Vypíše seznam názvů funkcí a klávesových vazeb.\n"
-" -p Vypíše seznam funkcí a klávesových vazeb ve "
-"formátu,\n"
+" -p Vypíše seznam funkcí a klávesových vazeb ve formátu,\n"
" který lze použít jako vstup.\n"
" -S Vypíše seznam posloupností kláves,\n"
" které vyvolávají makra, a jejich hodnoty.\n"
" -s Vypíše seznam posloupností kláves,\n"
-" která vyvolávají makra, a jejich hodnoty ve "
-"formátu,\n"
+" která vyvolávají makra, a jejich hodnoty ve formátu,\n"
" který lze použít jako vstup.\n"
" -V Vypíše seznam názvů proměnných a hodnot.\n"
-" -v Vypíše seznam názvů proměnných a hodnot ve "
-"formátu,\n"
+" -v Vypíše seznam názvů proměnných a hodnot ve formátu,\n"
" který lze použít jako vstup.\n"
" -q název-funkce Dotáže se, které klávesy vyvolají zadanou funkci.\n"
-" -u název-funkce Zruší všechny vazby na klávesy, které jsou "
-"napojeny\n"
+" -u název-funkce Zruší všechny vazby na klávesy, které jsou napojeny\n"
" na zadanou funkci.\n"
" -r klávposl Odstraní vazbu na KLÁVPOSL.\n"
" -f soubor Načte vazby kláves ze SOUBORU.\n"
" -x klávposl:příkaz-shellu\n"
" Způsobí, že bude vykonán PŘÍKAZ-SHELLU, když bude\n"
" zadána KLÁVPOSL.\n"
-" -X Vypíše posloupnosti kláves a příkazy přidružené "
-"přes\n"
-" přepínač -x ve formátu, který lze použít jako "
-"vstup.\n"
+" -X Vypíše posloupnosti kláves a příkazy přidružené přes\n"
+" přepínač -x ve formátu, který lze použít jako vstup.\n"
" \n"
" Návratový kód:\n"
-" bind vrací 0, pokud není zadán nerozpoznaný přepínač nebo nedojde "
-"k chybě."
+" bind vrací 0, pokud není zadán nerozpoznaný přepínač nebo nedojde k chybě."
#: builtins.c:328
msgid ""
" \n"
" Execute SHELL-BUILTIN with arguments ARGs without performing command\n"
" lookup. This is useful when you wish to reimplement a shell builtin\n"
-" as a shell function, but need to execute the builtin within the "
-"function.\n"
+" as a shell function, but need to execute the builtin within the function.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns the exit status of SHELL-BUILTIN, or false if SHELL-BUILTIN is\n"
msgstr ""
"Provede vestavěný příkaz shellu.\n"
" \n"
-" Provede VESTAVĚNÝ-PŘÍKAZ-SHELLU s argumenty ARGUMENTY, aniž by se "
-"uplatnilo\n"
+" Provede VESTAVĚNÝ-PŘÍKAZ-SHELLU s argumenty ARGUMENTY, aniž by se uplatnilo\n"
" vyhledávání příkazu. Toto se hodí, když si přejete reimplementovat\n"
" vestavěný příkaz shellu jako funkci shellu, avšak potřebujete spustit\n"
" vestavěný příkaz uvnitř této funkce.\n"
" Vrací 0, pokud shell provádí shellovou funkci a VÝRAZ je platný."
#: builtins.c:385
-#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Change the shell working directory.\n"
" \n"
-" Change the current directory to DIR. The default DIR is the value of "
-"the\n"
+" Change the current directory to DIR. The default DIR is the value of the\n"
" HOME shell variable.\n"
" \n"
-" The variable CDPATH defines the search path for the directory "
-"containing\n"
-" DIR. Alternative directory names in CDPATH are separated by a colon "
-"(:).\n"
-" A null directory name is the same as the current directory. If DIR "
-"begins\n"
+" The variable CDPATH defines the search path for the directory containing\n"
+" DIR. Alternative directory names in CDPATH are separated by a colon (:).\n"
+" A null directory name is the same as the current directory. If DIR begins\n"
" with a slash (/), then CDPATH is not used.\n"
" \n"
-" If the directory is not found, and the shell option `cdable_vars' is "
-"set,\n"
-" the word is assumed to be a variable name. If that variable has a "
-"value,\n"
+" If the directory is not found, and the shell option `cdable_vars' is set,\n"
+" the word is assumed to be a variable name. If that variable has a value,\n"
" its value is used for DIR.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" \tof `..'\n"
" -e\tif the -P option is supplied, and the current working directory\n"
" \tcannot be determined successfully, exit with a non-zero status\n"
-" -@ on systems that support it, present a file with extended "
-"attributes\n"
+" -@ on systems that support it, present a file with extended attributes\n"
" as a directory containing the file attributes\n"
" \n"
" The default is to follow symbolic links, as if `-L' were specified.\n"
-" `..' is processed by removing the immediately previous pathname "
-"component\n"
+" `..' is processed by removing the immediately previous pathname component\n"
" back to a slash or the beginning of DIR.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns 0 if the directory is changed, and if $PWD is set successfully "
-"when\n"
+" Returns 0 if the directory is changed, and if $PWD is set successfully when\n"
" -P is used; non-zero otherwise."
msgstr ""
"Změní pracovní adresář shellu.\n"
" \n"
-" Změní aktuální adresář na ADR. Implicitní ADR je hodnota proměnné "
-"shellu\n"
+" Změní aktuální adresář na ADR. Implicitní ADR je hodnota proměnné shellu\n"
" HOME.\n"
" \n"
" Proměnná CDPATH definuje vyhledávací cestu pro adresář obsahující ADR.\n"
" Názvy náhradních adresářů v CDPATH se oddělují dvojtečkou (:). Prázdný\n"
-" název adresáře je stejný jako aktuální adresář. Začíná-li ADR na "
-"lomítko\n"
+" název adresáře je stejný jako aktuální adresář. Začíná-li ADR na lomítko\n"
" (/), nebude CDPATH použita.\n"
" \n"
-" Nebude-li adresář nalezen a přepínač shellu „cdable_vars“ bude "
-"nastaven,\n"
+" Nebude-li adresář nalezen a přepínač shellu „cdable_vars“ bude nastaven,\n"
" pak se dané slovo zkusí jakožto název proměnné. Má-li taková proměnná\n"
" hodnotu, pak její hodnota se použije jako ADR.\n"
" \n"
" \tpřed zpracováním všech výskytů „..“\n"
" -e\tje-li zadán přepínač -P a současný pracovní adresář nelze\n"
" \tzdárně zjistit, skončí s nenulovým návratovým kódem\n"
+" -@ na systémech, které to podporují, vydává soubor s rozšířenými\n"
+" atributy jako adresář obsahující atributy souboru\n"
" \n"
" Symbolické odkazy se implicitně následují, jako by bylo zadáno „-L“.\n"
" „..“ se zpracovávají tak, že se odstraní bezprostředně předcházející\n"
"Execute a simple command or display information about commands.\n"
" \n"
" Runs COMMAND with ARGS suppressing shell function lookup, or display\n"
-" information about the specified COMMANDs. Can be used to invoke "
-"commands\n"
+" information about the specified COMMANDs. Can be used to invoke commands\n"
" on disk when a function with the same name exists.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
msgstr ""
"Provede jednoduchý příkaz nebo zobrazí podrobnosti o příkazech.\n"
" \n"
-" Spustí PŘÍKAZ s ARGUMENTY ignoruje funkce shellu, nebo zobrazí "
-"informace\n"
-" o zadaných PŘÍKAZECH. Lze využít, když je třeba vyvolat příkazy "
-"z disku,\n"
+" Spustí PŘÍKAZ s ARGUMENTY ignoruje funkce shellu, nebo zobrazí informace\n"
+" o zadaných PŘÍKAZECH. Lze využít, když je třeba vyvolat příkazy z disku,\n"
" přičemž existuje funkce stejného jména.\n"
" \n"
" Přepínače:\n"
" Variables with the integer attribute have arithmetic evaluation (see\n"
" the `let' command) performed when the variable is assigned a value.\n"
" \n"
-" When used in a function, `declare' makes NAMEs local, as with the "
-"`local'\n"
+" When used in a function, `declare' makes NAMEs local, as with the `local'\n"
" command. The `-g' option suppresses this behavior.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Proměnné s atributem integer jsou aritmeticky vyhodnoceny (vizte příkaz\n"
" „let“), jakmile je do proměnné přiřazeno.\n"
" \n"
-" Je-li použito uvnitř funkce, učiní „declare“ NÁZVY lokálními stejně "
-"jako\n"
+" Je-li použito uvnitř funkce, učiní „declare“ NÁZVY lokálními stejně jako\n"
" příkaz „local“. Přepínač „-g“ toto chování potlačí.\n"
" \n"
" Návratový kód:\n"
msgstr ""
"Definuje lokální proměnné.\n"
" \n"
-" Vytvoří lokální proměnnou pojmenovanou NÁZEV a přiřadí jí HODNOTU. "
-"PŘEPÍNAČ\n"
+" Vytvoří lokální proměnnou pojmenovanou NÁZEV a přiřadí jí HODNOTU. PŘEPÍNAČ\n"
" smí být jakýkoliv přepínač přípustný u „declare“.\n"
" \n"
-" Lokální proměnné lze použít jen uvnitř funkcí, budou viditelné jen "
-"v dané\n"
+" Lokální proměnné lze použít jen uvnitř funkcí, budou viditelné jen v dané\n"
" funkci a jejich potomcích.\n"
" \n"
" Návratový kód:\n"
msgid ""
"Write arguments to the standard output.\n"
" \n"
-" Display the ARGs, separated by a single space character and followed by "
-"a\n"
+" Display the ARGs, separated by a single space character and followed by a\n"
" newline, on the standard output.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" \n"
" Přepínače:\n"
" -n\tnepřipojuje nový řádek\n"
-" -e\tzapne interpretování následujících znaků uvozených zpětným "
-"lomítkem\n"
-" -E\texplicitně potlačí interpretování znaků uvozených zpětným "
-"lomítkem\n"
+" -e\tzapne interpretování následujících znaků uvozených zpětným lomítkem\n"
+" -E\texplicitně potlačí interpretování znaků uvozených zpětným lomítkem\n"
" \n"
" „echo“ interpretuje následující znaky uvozené zpětným lomítkem:\n"
" \\a\tpoplach (zvonek)\n"
" shellu, aniž byste museli zadávat celou cestu.\n"
" \n"
" Přepínače:\n"
-" -a\tvypíše seznam vestavěných příkazů a vyznačí, který je a který "
-"není\n"
+" -a\tvypíše seznam vestavěných příkazů a vyznačí, který je a který není\n"
" \tpovolen\n"
" -n\tzakáže každý NÁZEV nebo zobrazí seznam zakázaných vestavěných\n"
" \tpříkazů\n"
msgid ""
"Execute arguments as a shell command.\n"
" \n"
-" Combine ARGs into a single string, use the result as input to the "
-"shell,\n"
+" Combine ARGs into a single string, use the result as input to the shell,\n"
" and execute the resulting commands.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" skript. Pokud přepínač vyžaduje argument, getopts umístí tento argument\n"
" do proměnné shellu OPTARG.\n"
" \n"
-" getopts hlásí chyby jedním ze dvou způsobů. Pokud prvním znakem "
-"OPTSTRING\n"
+" getopts hlásí chyby jedním ze dvou způsobů. Pokud prvním znakem OPTSTRING\n"
" je dvojtečka, getopts hlásí chyby tichým způsobem. V tomto režimu žádné\n"
" chybové zprávy nejsou vypisovány. Když se narazí na neplatný přepínač,\n"
-" getopts umístí tento znak do OPTARG. Pokud není nalezen povinný "
-"argument,\n"
-" getopts umístí „:“ do NAME a OPTARG nastaví na znak nalezeného "
-"přepínače.\n"
+" getopts umístí tento znak do OPTARG. Pokud není nalezen povinný argument,\n"
+" getopts umístí „:“ do NAME a OPTARG nastaví na znak nalezeného přepínače.\n"
" Pokud getopts nepracuje v tomto tichém režimu a je nalezen neplatný\n"
-" přepínač, getopts umístí „?“ do NAME a zruší OPTARG. Když nenajde "
-"povinný\n"
+" přepínač, getopts umístí „?“ do NAME a zruší OPTARG. Když nenajde povinný\n"
" argument, je do NAME zapsán „?“, OPTARG zrušen a vytištěna diagnostická\n"
" zpráva.\n"
" \n"
" chybových zpráv, dokonce i když první znak OPTSTRING není dvojtečka.\n"
" Implicitní hodnota OPTERR je 1.\n"
" \n"
-" Normálně getopts zpracovává poziční parametry ($0–$9), avšak následuje-"
-"li\n"
+" Normálně getopts zpracovává poziční parametry ($0–$9), avšak následuje-li\n"
" getopts více argumentů, budou rozebrány tyto namísto pozičních.\n"
" \n"
" Návratový kód:\n"
-" Vrátí úspěch, byl-li nalezen nějaký přepínač. Neúspěch vrátí, když "
-"dojde\n"
+" Vrátí úspěch, byl-li nalezen nějaký přepínač. Neúspěch vrátí, když dojde\n"
" na konec přepínačů nebo nastane-li chyba."
#: builtins.c:685
"Replace the shell with the given command.\n"
" \n"
" Execute COMMAND, replacing this shell with the specified program.\n"
-" ARGUMENTS become the arguments to COMMAND. If COMMAND is not "
-"specified,\n"
+" ARGUMENTS become the arguments to COMMAND. If COMMAND is not specified,\n"
" any redirections take effect in the current shell.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -c\t\texecute COMMAND with an empty environment\n"
" -l\t\tplace a dash in the zeroth argument to COMMAND\n"
" \n"
-" If the command cannot be executed, a non-interactive shell exits, "
-"unless\n"
+" If the command cannot be executed, a non-interactive shell exits, unless\n"
" the shell option `execfail' is set.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless COMMAND is not found or a redirection error "
-"occurs."
+" Returns success unless COMMAND is not found or a redirection error occurs."
msgstr ""
"Nahradí shell zadaným příkazem.\n"
" \n"
-" Vykoná PŘÍKAZ, přičemž nahradí tento shell zadaným programem. "
-"ARGUMENTY\n"
-" se stanou argumenty PŘÍKAZU. Není-li PŘÍKAZ zadán, přesměrování "
-"zapůsobí\n"
+" Vykoná PŘÍKAZ, přičemž nahradí tento shell zadaným programem. ARGUMENTY\n"
+" se stanou argumenty PŘÍKAZU. Není-li PŘÍKAZ zadán, přesměrování zapůsobí\n"
" v tomto shellu.\n"
" \n"
" Přepínače:\n"
msgid ""
"Exit a login shell.\n"
" \n"
-" Exits a login shell with exit status N. Returns an error if not "
-"executed\n"
+" Exits a login shell with exit status N. Returns an error if not executed\n"
" in a login shell."
msgstr ""
"Ukončí přihlašovací shell.\n"
msgid ""
"Display or execute commands from the history list.\n"
" \n"
-" fc is used to list or edit and re-execute commands from the history "
-"list.\n"
+" fc is used to list or edit and re-execute commands from the history list.\n"
" FIRST and LAST can be numbers specifying the range, or FIRST can be a\n"
" string, which means the most recent command beginning with that\n"
" string.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
-" -e ENAME\tselect which editor to use. Default is FCEDIT, then "
-"EDITOR,\n"
+" -e ENAME\tselect which editor to use. Default is FCEDIT, then EDITOR,\n"
" \t\tthen vi\n"
" -l \tlist lines instead of editing\n"
" -n\tomit line numbers when listing\n"
" the last command.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success or status of executed command; non-zero if an error "
-"occurs."
+" Returns success or status of executed command; non-zero if an error occurs."
msgstr ""
"Zobrazí nebo vykoná příkazy ze seznamu historie.\n"
" \n"
" fc se používá na vypsání, úpravu a znovu provedení příkazů ze seznamu\n"
-" historie. PRVNÍ a POSLEDNÍ mohou být čísla určující rozsah nebo PRVNÍ "
-"může být\n"
+" historie. PRVNÍ a POSLEDNÍ mohou být čísla určující rozsah nebo PRVNÍ může být\n"
" řetězec, což určuje nejnovější příkaz začínající na zadaný řetězec.\n"
" \n"
" Přepínače:\n"
" Forma příkazu „fc -s [vzor=náhrada… [příkaz]“ znamená, že PŘÍKAZ bude\n"
" po nahrazení STARÝ=NOVÝ znovu vykonán.\n"
" \n"
-" Užitečný alias je r='fc -s', takže napsání „r cc“ spustí poslední "
-"příkaz\n"
+" Užitečný alias je r='fc -s', takže napsání „r cc“ spustí poslední příkaz\n"
" začínající na „cc“ a zadání „r“ znovu spustí poslední příkaz.\n"
" \n"
" Návratový kód:\n"
msgstr ""
"Přepne úlohu na popředí.\n"
" \n"
-" Přesune úlohu určenou pomocí ÚLOHA na popředí a učiní ji aktuální "
-"úlohou.\n"
+" Přesune úlohu určenou pomocí ÚLOHA na popředí a učiní ji aktuální úlohou.\n"
" Není-li ÚLOHA zadána, použije se úloha, o které si shell myslí, že je\n"
" aktuální.\n"
" \n"
msgid ""
"Move jobs to the background.\n"
" \n"
-" Place the jobs identified by each JOB_SPEC in the background, as if "
-"they\n"
-" had been started with `&'. If JOB_SPEC is not present, the shell's "
-"notion\n"
+" Place the jobs identified by each JOB_SPEC in the background, as if they\n"
+" had been started with `&'. If JOB_SPEC is not present, the shell's notion\n"
" of the current job is used.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Vrátí úspěch, pokud je správa úloh zapnuta a nedošlo-li k nějaké chybě."
#: builtins.c:784
-#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Remember or display program locations.\n"
" \n"
" Determine and remember the full pathname of each command NAME. If\n"
-" no arguments are given, information about remembered commands is "
-"displayed.\n"
+" no arguments are given, information about remembered commands is displayed.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -d\t\tforget the remembered location of each NAME\n"
msgstr ""
"Zapamatuje si nebo zobrazí umístění programu.\n"
" \n"
-" Pro každý NÁZEV je určena plná cesta k příkazu a je zapamatována. Nejsou-"
-"li\n"
-" zadány žádné argumenty, budou vypsány informace o zapamatovaných "
-"příkazech.\n"
+" Pro každý NÁZEV je určena plná cesta k příkazu a je zapamatována. Nejsou-li\n"
+" zadány žádné argumenty, budou vypsány informace o zapamatovaných příkazech.\n"
" \n"
" Přepínače:\n"
" -d\t\tzapomene zapamatovaná umístění každého NÁZVU\n"
" PATTERN\tPattern specifiying a help topic\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless PATTERN is not found or an invalid option is "
-"given."
+" Returns success unless PATTERN is not found or an invalid option is given."
msgstr ""
"Zobrazí podrobnosti o vestavěných příkazech.\n"
" \n"
" Zobrazí stručný souhrn vestavěných příkazů. Je-li zadán VZOREK,\n"
-" vrátí podrobnou nápovědu ke všem příkazům odpovídajícím VZORKU, jinak "
-"je\n"
+" vrátí podrobnou nápovědu ke všem příkazům odpovídajícím VZORKU, jinak je\n"
" vytištěn seznam syntaxe vestavěných příkazů.\n"
" \n"
" Přepínače:\n"
" \n"
" If the $HISTTIMEFORMAT variable is set and not null, its value is used\n"
" as a format string for strftime(3) to print the time stamp associated\n"
-" with each displayed history entry. No time stamps are printed "
-"otherwise.\n"
+" with each displayed history entry. No time stamps are printed otherwise.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or an error occurs."
" \taniž by cokoliv uložil do seznamu historie\n"
" -s\tpřipojí ARGUMENTY do seznamu historie jako jednu položku\n"
" \n"
-" Je-li zadán JMÉNO_SOUBORU, tak ten je použit jako soubor historie. "
-"Jinak\n"
+" Je-li zadán JMÉNO_SOUBORU, tak ten je použit jako soubor historie. Jinak\n"
" pokud $HISTFILE má hodnotu, tato je použita, jinak ~/.bash_history.\n"
" \n"
-" Je-li proměnná $HISTTIMEFORMAT nastavena a není-li prázdná, její "
-"hodnota\n"
+" Je-li proměnná $HISTTIMEFORMAT nastavena a není-li prázdná, její hodnota\n"
" se použije jako formátovací řetězec pro strftime(3) při výpisu časových\n"
-" razítek spojených s každou položkou historie. Jinak žádná časová "
-"razítka\n"
+" razítek spojených s každou položkou historie. Jinak žádná časová razítka\n"
" nebudou vypisována. \n"
" Návratový kód:\n"
" Vrátí úspěch, pokud nebyl zadán neplatný přepínač a nedošlo k chybě."
" -r\tzúží výstup jen na běžící úlohy\n"
" -s\tzúží výstup jen na pozastavené úlohy\n"
" \n"
-" Je-li použito -x, bude spuštěn příkaz, jakmile všechny úlohy uvedené "
-"mezi\n"
-" ARGUMENTY budou nahrazeny ID procesu, který je vedoucím skupiny dané "
-"úlohy.\n"
+" Je-li použito -x, bude spuštěn příkaz, jakmile všechny úlohy uvedené mezi\n"
+" ARGUMENTY budou nahrazeny ID procesu, který je vedoucím skupiny dané úlohy.\n"
" \n"
" Návratový kód:\n"
-" Vrátí úspěch, pokud nebyl zadán neplatný přepínač a nevyskytla se "
-"chyba.\n"
+" Vrátí úspěch, pokud nebyl zadán neplatný přepínač a nevyskytla se chyba.\n"
" Byl-ly použit přepínač -x, vrátí návratový kód PŘÍKAZU."
#: builtins.c:896
"Zašle signál úloze.\n"
" \n"
" Zašle procesu určeném PID (nebo ÚLOHOU) signál zadaný pomocí SIGSPEC\n"
-" nebo ČÍSSIG. Není-li SIGSPEC ani ČÍSSIG zadán, pak se předpokládá "
-"SIGTERM.\n"
+" nebo ČÍSSIG. Není-li SIGSPEC ani ČÍSSIG zadán, pak se předpokládá SIGTERM.\n"
" \n"
" Přepínače:\n"
" -s sig\tSIG je název signálu\n"
" Evaluate each ARG as an arithmetic expression. Evaluation is done in\n"
" fixed-width integers with no check for overflow, though division by 0\n"
" is trapped and flagged as an error. The following list of operators is\n"
-" grouped into levels of equal-precedence operators. The levels are "
-"listed\n"
+" grouped into levels of equal-precedence operators. The levels are listed\n"
" in order of decreasing precedence.\n"
" \n"
" \tid++, id--\tvariable post-increment, post-decrement\n"
" \t&=, ^=, |=\tpřiřazení\n"
" \n"
" Proměnné shellu jsou povolené operandy. Název proměnné je uvnitř výrazu\n"
-" nahrazen její hodnotou (s automatickým převodem na celé číslo pevné "
-"šířky).\n"
-" Proměnná nemusí mít atribut integer (číslo) zapnutý, aby byla "
-"použitelná\n"
+" nahrazen její hodnotou (s automatickým převodem na celé číslo pevné šířky).\n"
+" Proměnná nemusí mít atribut integer (číslo) zapnutý, aby byla použitelná\n"
" ve výrazu.\n"
" \n"
" Operátory se vyhodnocují v pořadí přednosti. Podvýrazy v závorkách jsou\n"
"Read a line from the standard input and split it into fields.\n"
" \n"
" Reads a single line from the standard input, or from file descriptor FD\n"
-" if the -u option is supplied. The line is split into fields as with "
-"word\n"
+" if the -u option is supplied. The line is split into fields as with word\n"
" splitting, and the first word is assigned to the first NAME, the second\n"
" word to the second NAME, and so on, with any leftover words assigned to\n"
-" the last NAME. Only the characters found in $IFS are recognized as "
-"word\n"
+" the last NAME. Only the characters found in $IFS are recognized as word\n"
" delimiters.\n"
" \n"
-" If no NAMEs are supplied, the line read is stored in the REPLY "
-"variable.\n"
+" If no NAMEs are supplied, the line read is stored in the REPLY variable.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -a array\tassign the words read to sequential indices of the array\n"
" -n nchars\treturn after reading NCHARS characters rather than waiting\n"
" \t\tfor a newline, but honor a delimiter if fewer than NCHARS\n"
" \t\tcharacters are read before the delimiter\n"
-" -N nchars\treturn only after reading exactly NCHARS characters, "
-"unless\n"
+" -N nchars\treturn only after reading exactly NCHARS characters, unless\n"
" \t\tEOF is encountered or read times out, ignoring any delimiter\n"
" -p prompt\toutput the string PROMPT without a trailing newline before\n"
" \t\tattempting to read\n"
" -r\t\tdo not allow backslashes to escape any characters\n"
" -s\t\tdo not echo input coming from a terminal\n"
-" -t timeout\ttime out and return failure if a complete line of input "
-"is\n"
+" -t timeout\ttime out and return failure if a complete line of input is\n"
" \t\tnot read within TIMEOUT seconds. The value of the TMOUT\n"
" \t\tvariable is the default timeout. TIMEOUT may be a\n"
" \t\tfractional number. If TIMEOUT is 0, read returns immediately,\n"
" -u fd\t\tread from file descriptor FD instead of the standard input\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, read times "
-"out\n"
-" (in which case it's greater than 128), a variable assignment error "
-"occurs,\n"
+" The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, read times out\n"
+" (in which case it's greater than 128), a variable assignment error occurs,\n"
" or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as the argument to -u."
msgstr ""
"Načte ze standardního vstupu jeden řádek a rozdělí jej na položky.\n"
" \n"
" Ze standardního vstupu, nebo deskriptoru souboru FD, je-li zadán\n"
" přepínač -u, je načten jeden řádek. Řádek se rozdělí na části jako při\n"
-" dělení na slova a první slovo je přiřazeno do prvního JMÉNA, druhé "
-"slovo\n"
+" dělení na slova a první slovo je přiřazeno do prvního JMÉNA, druhé slovo\n"
" do druhého JMÉNA a tak dále, přičemž přebývající slova se přiřadí do\n"
" posledního JMÉNA. Pouze znaky uvedené v $IFS jsou považovány za\n"
" oddělovače slov.\n"
" \n"
-" Nejsou-li uvedena žádná JMÉNA, načtený řádek bude uložen do proměnné "
-"REPLY.\n"
+" Nejsou-li uvedena žádná JMÉNA, načtený řádek bude uložen do proměnné REPLY.\n"
" \n"
" Přepínače:\n"
" -a pole\tnačtená slova budou přiřazena do postupných prvků POLE\n"
" Návratový kód:\n"
" Návratový kód je nula, pokud se nenarazí na konec souboru, časový limit\n"
" pro čtení nevyprší (pak je větší než 128), nedojde k chybě při\n"
-" přiřazování do proměnné, nebo není poskytnut neplatný deskriptor "
-"souboru\n"
+" přiřazování do proměnné, nebo není poskytnut neplatný deskriptor souboru\n"
" jako argument -u."
#: builtins.c:1028
msgstr ""
"Návrat z shellové funkce.\n"
" \n"
-" Způsobí ukončení funkce nebo skriptu načteného přes „source“ "
-"s návratovou\n"
-" hodnotou určenou N. Je-li N vynecháno, návratový kód bude roven "
-"poslednímu\n"
+" Způsobí ukončení funkce nebo skriptu načteného přes „source“ s návratovou\n"
+" hodnotou určenou N. Je-li N vynecháno, návratový kód bude roven poslednímu\n"
" příkazu vykonanému uvnitř dotyčné funkce nebo skriptu.\n"
" \n"
" Návratová hodnota:\n"
" physical same as -P\n"
" pipefail the return value of a pipeline is the status of\n"
" the last command to exit with a non-zero status,\n"
-" or zero if no command exited with a non-zero "
-"status\n"
+" or zero if no command exited with a non-zero status\n"
" posix change the behavior of bash where the default\n"
" operation differs from the Posix standard to\n"
" match the standard\n"
msgstr ""
"Nastaví nebo zruší hodnoty přepínačů shellu a pozičních parametrů.\n"
" \n"
-" Změní hodnoty atributům shellu a pozičním parametrům, nebo zobrazí "
-"názvy\n"
+" Změní hodnoty atributům shellu a pozičním parametrům, nebo zobrazí názvy\n"
" a hodnoty proměnných shellu.\n"
" \n"
" Přepínače:\n"
" - Přiřadí jakékoliv zbývající argumenty do pozičních parametrů.\n"
" Přepínače -x a -v budou vypnuty.\n"
" \n"
-" Použití + místo - způsobí, že tyto příznaky budou vypnuty. Příznaky lze "
-"též\n"
-" použít při volání shellu. Aktuální množinu příznaků je možno nalézt "
-"v $-.\n"
+" Použití + místo - způsobí, že tyto příznaky budou vypnuty. Příznaky lze též\n"
+" použít při volání shellu. Aktuální množinu příznaků je možno nalézt v $-.\n"
" Přebývajících n ARGUMENTŮ jsou poziční parametry a budou přiřazeny,\n"
" v pořadí, do $1, $2, … $n. Nejsou-li zadány žádné ARGUMENTY, budou\n"
" vytištěny všechny proměnné shellu.\n"
" -n\ttreat each NAME as a name reference and unset the variable itself\n"
" \trather than the variable it references\n"
" \n"
-" Without options, unset first tries to unset a variable, and if that "
-"fails,\n"
+" Without options, unset first tries to unset a variable, and if that fails,\n"
" tries to unset a function.\n"
" \n"
" Some variables cannot be unset; also see `readonly'.\n"
" -n\tpovažuje každé JMÉNO za odkaz na název a odstraní proměnnou samu\n"
" \tnamísto proměnné, na kterou odkazuje\n"
" \n"
-" Bez těchto dvou příznaků unset nejprve zkusí zrušit proměnnou a pokud "
-"toto\n"
+" Bez těchto dvou příznaků unset nejprve zkusí zrušit proměnnou a pokud toto\n"
" selže, tak zkusí zrušit funkci.\n"
" \n"
" Některé proměnné nelze odstranit. Vizte příkaz „readonly“.\n"
"Set export attribute for shell variables.\n"
" \n"
" Marks each NAME for automatic export to the environment of subsequently\n"
-" executed commands. If VALUE is supplied, assign VALUE before "
-"exporting.\n"
+" executed commands. If VALUE is supplied, assign VALUE before exporting.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -f\trefer to shell functions\n"
msgstr ""
"Nastaví atribut exportovat proměnné shellu.\n"
" \n"
-" Každý NÁZEV je označen pro automatické exportování do prostředí "
-"následně\n"
-" prováděných příkazů. Je-li zadána HODNOTA, před exportem přiřadí "
-"HODNOTU.\n"
+" Každý NÁZEV je označen pro automatické exportování do prostředí následně\n"
+" prováděných příkazů. Je-li zadána HODNOTA, před exportem přiřadí HODNOTU.\n"
" \n"
" Přepínače:\n"
" -f\tvztahuje se na funkce shellu\n"
" Vrátí úspěch, pokud nebyl zadán neplatný přepínač nebo NÁZEV."
#: builtins.c:1167
-#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Mark shell variables as unchangeable.\n"
" \n"
" -a\trefer to indexed array variables\n"
" -A\trefer to associative array variables\n"
" -f\trefer to shell functions\n"
-" -p\tdisplay a list of all readonly variables or functions, depending "
-"on\n"
+" -p\tdisplay a list of all readonly variables or functions, depending on\n"
" whether or not the -f option is given\n"
" \n"
" An argument of `--' disables further option processing.\n"
msgstr ""
"Označí proměnné shellu za nezměnitelné.\n"
" \n"
-" Označí každý NÁZEV jako jen pro čtení, hodnoty těchto NÁZVŮ nebude "
-"možné\n"
-" změnit následným přiřazením. Je-li zadána HODNOTA, před označením za "
-"jen\n"
+" Označí každý NÁZEV jako jen pro čtení, hodnoty těchto NÁZVŮ nebude možné\n"
+" změnit následným přiřazením. Je-li zadána HODNOTA, před označením za jen\n"
" pro čtení přiřadí HODNOTU.\n"
" \n"
" Přepínače:\n"
" -a\tvztahuje se na proměnné typu číslované pole\n"
" -A\tvztahuje se na proměnné typu asociativní pole\n"
" -f\tvztahuje se funkce shellu\n"
-" -p\tzobrazí seznam všech proměnných a funkcí jen pro čtení\n"
+" -p\tzobrazí seznam všech proměnných nebo funkcí jen pro čtení\n"
+" \tv závislosti podle toho, zda-li byl zadán přepínač -f\n"
" \n"
" Argument „--“ zakáže zpracování dalších přepínačů.\n"
" \n"
" -x FILE True if the file is executable by you.\n"
" -O FILE True if the file is effectively owned by you.\n"
" -G FILE True if the file is effectively owned by your group.\n"
-" -N FILE True if the file has been modified since it was last "
-"read.\n"
+" -N FILE True if the file has been modified since it was last read.\n"
" \n"
" FILE1 -nt FILE2 True if file1 is newer than file2 (according to\n"
" modification date).\n"
" STRING1 != STRING2\n"
" True if the strings are not equal.\n"
" STRING1 < STRING2\n"
-" True if STRING1 sorts before STRING2 "
-"lexicographically.\n"
+" True if STRING1 sorts before STRING2 lexicographically.\n"
" STRING1 > STRING2\n"
" True if STRING1 sorts after STRING2 lexicographically.\n"
" \n"
" \n"
" -o OPTION True if the shell option OPTION is enabled.\n"
" -v VAR\t True if the shell variable VAR is set\n"
-" -R VAR\t True if the shell variable VAR is set and is a name "
-"reference.\n"
+" -R VAR\t True if the shell variable VAR is set and is a name reference.\n"
" ! EXPR True if expr is false.\n"
" EXPR1 -a EXPR2 True if both expr1 AND expr2 are true.\n"
" EXPR1 -o EXPR2 True if either expr1 OR expr2 is true.\n"
" -N SOUBOR Pravda, pokud soubor byl změněn po posledním čtení.\n"
" \n"
" SOUBOR1 -nt SOUBOR2\n"
-" Pravda, pokud je SOUBOR1 novější než SOUBOR2 (podle "
-"času\n"
+" Pravda, pokud je SOUBOR1 novější než SOUBOR2 (podle času\n"
" změny obsahu).\n"
" \n"
" SOUBOR1 -ot SOUBOR2\n"
msgid ""
"Display process times.\n"
" \n"
-" Prints the accumulated user and system times for the shell and all of "
-"its\n"
+" Prints the accumulated user and system times for the shell and all of its\n"
" child processes.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
msgstr ""
"Zobrazí časy procesu.\n"
" \n"
-" Vypíše celkovou dobu procesu shellu a všech jeho potomků, kterou "
-"strávili\n"
+" Vypíše celkovou dobu procesu shellu a všech jeho potomků, kterou strávili\n"
" v uživatelském a jaderném (system) prostoru.\n"
" \n"
" Návratový kód:\n"
msgid ""
"Trap signals and other events.\n"
" \n"
-" Defines and activates handlers to be run when the shell receives "
-"signals\n"
+" Defines and activates handlers to be run when the shell receives signals\n"
" or other conditions.\n"
" \n"
" ARG is a command to be read and executed when the shell receives the\n"
" value. If ARG is the null string each SIGNAL_SPEC is ignored by the\n"
" shell and by the commands it invokes.\n"
" \n"
-" If a SIGNAL_SPEC is EXIT (0) ARG is executed on exit from the shell. "
-"If\n"
-" a SIGNAL_SPEC is DEBUG, ARG is executed before every simple command. "
-"If\n"
-" a SIGNAL_SPEC is RETURN, ARG is executed each time a shell function or "
-"a\n"
-" script run by the . or source builtins finishes executing. A "
-"SIGNAL_SPEC\n"
-" of ERR means to execute ARG each time a command's failure would cause "
-"the\n"
+" If a SIGNAL_SPEC is EXIT (0) ARG is executed on exit from the shell. If\n"
+" a SIGNAL_SPEC is DEBUG, ARG is executed before every simple command. If\n"
+" a SIGNAL_SPEC is RETURN, ARG is executed each time a shell function or a\n"
+" script run by the . or source builtins finishes executing. A SIGNAL_SPEC\n"
+" of ERR means to execute ARG each time a command's failure would cause the\n"
" shell to exit when the -e option is enabled.\n"
" \n"
-" If no arguments are supplied, trap prints the list of commands "
-"associated\n"
+" If no arguments are supplied, trap prints the list of commands associated\n"
" with each signal.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -l\tprint a list of signal names and their corresponding numbers\n"
" -p\tdisplay the trap commands associated with each SIGNAL_SPEC\n"
" \n"
-" Each SIGNAL_SPEC is either a signal name in <signal.h> or a signal "
-"number.\n"
+" Each SIGNAL_SPEC is either a signal name in <signal.h> or a signal number.\n"
" Signal names are case insensitive and the SIG prefix is optional. A\n"
" signal may be sent to the shell with \"kill -signal $$\".\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless a SIGSPEC is invalid or an invalid option is "
-"given."
+" Returns success unless a SIGSPEC is invalid or an invalid option is given."
msgstr ""
"Zachytávání signálů a jiných událostí.\n"
" \n"
" signály nebo nastanou určité podmínky.\n"
" \n"
" Příkaz ARGUMENT bude načten a proveden, až shell obdrží signál(y)\n"
-" SIGNAL_SPEC. Pokud ARGUMENT chybí (a je zadán jeden SIGNAL_SPEC) nebo "
-"je\n"
-" „-“, každý určený signál bude přenastaven zpět na svoji původní "
-"hodnotu.\n"
-" Je-li ARGUMENT prázdný řetězec, každý SIGNAL_SPEC bude shellem a "
-"příkazy\n"
+" SIGNAL_SPEC. Pokud ARGUMENT chybí (a je zadán jeden SIGNAL_SPEC) nebo je\n"
+" „-“, každý určený signál bude přenastaven zpět na svoji původní hodnotu.\n"
+" Je-li ARGUMENT prázdný řetězec, každý SIGNAL_SPEC bude shellem a příkazy\n"
" z něj spuštěnými ignorován.\n"
" \n"
-" Je-li SIGNAL_SPEC „EXIT (0)“, bude ARGUMENT proveden při ukončování "
-"tohoto\n"
+" Je-li SIGNAL_SPEC „EXIT (0)“, bude ARGUMENT proveden při ukončování tohoto\n"
" shellu. Je-li SIGNAL_SPEC „DEBUG“, bude ARGUMENT proveden před každým\n"
-" jednoduchým příkazem. Je-li SIGNAL_SPEC „RETURN“, bude ARGUMENT "
-"proveden\n"
+" jednoduchým příkazem. Je-li SIGNAL_SPEC „RETURN“, bude ARGUMENT proveden\n"
" vždy, když skončí běh funkce shellu nebo skriptu spuštěného přes\n"
" vestavěný příkaz „.“ nebo „source“. SIGNAL_SPEC „ERR“ znamená, že\n"
" ARGUMENT bude proveden pokaždé, když by selhání příkazu způsobilo\n"
" ukončení shellu (je-li zapnut přepínač -e).\n"
" \n"
-" Nejsou-li poskytnuty žádné argumenty, trap vypíše seznam příkazů "
-"navázaných\n"
+" Nejsou-li poskytnuty žádné argumenty, trap vypíše seznam příkazů navázaných\n"
" na všechny signály.\n"
" \n"
" Přepínače:\n"
" -l\tvypíše seznam jmen signálů a jim odpovídajících čísel\n"
" -p\tzobrazí příkazy navázané na každý SIGNAL_SPEC\n"
" \n"
-" Každý SIGNAL_SPEC je buďto jméno signálu ze <signal.h>, nebo číslo "
-"signálu.\n"
-" U jmen signálů nezáleží na velikosti písmen a předpona SIG je "
-"nepovinná.\n"
+" Každý SIGNAL_SPEC je buďto jméno signálu ze <signal.h>, nebo číslo signálu.\n"
+" U jmen signálů nezáleží na velikosti písmen a předpona SIG je nepovinná.\n"
" Aktuálnímu shellu lze zaslat signál pomocí „kill -signal $$“.\n"
" \n"
" Návratový kód:\n"
" NAME\tCommand name to be interpreted.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success if all of the NAMEs are found; fails if any are not "
-"found."
+" Returns success if all of the NAMEs are found; fails if any are not found."
msgstr ""
"Zobrazí informace o typu příkazu.\n"
" \n"
msgid ""
"Modify shell resource limits.\n"
" \n"
-" Provides control over the resources available to the shell and "
-"processes\n"
+" Provides control over the resources available to the shell and processes\n"
" it creates, on systems that allow such control.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -H\tpoužije se „tvrdé“ (hard) omezení zdroje\n"
" -a\tnahlásí všechna současná omezení (limity)\n"
" -b\tvelikost vyrovnávací paměti socketů\n"
-" -c\tmaximální velikost vytvářených core souborů (výpis paměti "
-"programu)\n"
+" -c\tmaximální velikost vytvářených core souborů (výpis paměti programu)\n"
" -d\tmaximální velikost datového segmentu procesu\n"
" -e\tmaximální plánovací priorita („nice“)\n"
" -f\tmaximální velikost souborů zapsaných shellem a jeho potomky\n"
" přepínač, pak se předpokládá -f.\n"
" \n"
" Hodnoty jsou v násobcích 1024 bajtů, kromě -t, která je v sekundách,\n"
-" -p, která je v násobcích 512 bajtů, a -u, což je absolutní počet "
-"procesů.\n"
+" -p, která je v násobcích 512 bajtů, a -u, což je absolutní počet procesů.\n"
" \n"
" Návratová hodnota:\n"
" Vrací úspěch, pokud nebyl zadán neplatný přepínač a nevyskytla se chyba."
msgid ""
"Wait for job completion and return exit status.\n"
" \n"
-" Waits for each process identified by an ID, which may be a process ID or "
-"a\n"
+" Waits for each process identified by an ID, which may be a process ID or a\n"
" job specification, and reports its termination status. If ID is not\n"
" given, waits for all currently active child processes, and the return\n"
-" status is zero. If ID is a a job specification, waits for all "
-"processes\n"
+" status is zero. If ID is a a job specification, waits for all processes\n"
" in that job's pipeline.\n"
" \n"
" If the -n option is supplied, waits for the next job to terminate and\n"
msgstr ""
"Počká na dokončení úlohy a vrátí její návratový kód.\n"
" \n"
-" Počká na každý proces určený ID, což může být ID procesu nebo "
-"identifikace\n"
-" úlohy, a nahlásí jeho návratový kód. Není-li ID zadáno, počká na "
-"všechny\n"
+" Počká na každý proces určený ID, což může být ID procesu nebo identifikace\n"
+" úlohy, a nahlásí jeho návratový kód. Není-li ID zadáno, počká na všechny\n"
" právě aktivní dětské procesy a návratovým kódem bude nula. Je-li ID\n"
" identifikátorem úlohy, počká na všechny procesy z kolony dané úlohy.\n"
" \n"
msgid ""
"Wait for process completion and return exit status.\n"
" \n"
-" Waits for each process specified by a PID and reports its termination "
-"status.\n"
+" Waits for each process specified by a PID and reports its termination status.\n"
" If PID is not given, waits for all currently active child processes,\n"
" and the return status is zero. PID must be a process ID.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns the status of the last PID; fails if PID is invalid or an "
-"invalid\n"
+" Returns the status of the last PID; fails if PID is invalid or an invalid\n"
" option is given."
msgstr ""
"Počká na dokončení procesu a vrátí jeho návratový kód.\n"
msgstr ""
"Pro každý prvek seznamu vykoná příkazy.\n"
" \n"
-" Smyčka „for“ provede posloupnost příkazů pro každý prvek v seznamu "
-"položek.\n"
-" Pokud „in SLOVECH…;“ není přítomno, pak se předpokládá „in \"$@\"“. "
-"NÁZEV\n"
-" bude postupně nastaven na každý prvek ve SLOVECH a PŘÍKAZY budou "
-"provedeny.\n"
+" Smyčka „for“ provede posloupnost příkazů pro každý prvek v seznamu položek.\n"
+" Pokud „in SLOVECH…;“ není přítomno, pak se předpokládá „in \"$@\"“. NÁZEV\n"
+" bude postupně nastaven na každý prvek ve SLOVECH a PŘÍKAZY budou provedeny.\n"
" \n"
" Návratový kód:\n"
" Vrátí kód naposledy provedeného příkazu."
msgstr ""
"Vybere slova ze seznamu a vykoná příkazy.\n"
" \n"
-" SLOVA jsou expandována a vytvoří seznam slov. Množina expandovaných "
-"slov\n"
-" je vytištěna na standardní chybový výstup, každé předchází číslo. Není-"
-"li\n"
-" „in SLOVA“ přítomno, předpokládá se „in \"$@\"“. Pak je zobrazena výzva "
-"PS3\n"
-" a jeden řádek načten ze standardního vstupu. Pokud je řádek tvořen "
-"číslem\n"
-" odpovídajícím jednomu ze zobrazených slov, pak NÁZEV bude nastaven na "
-"toto\n"
-" slovo. Pokud je řádek prázdný, SLOVA a výzva budou znovu zobrazeny. Je-"
-"li\n"
-" načten EOF (konec souboru), příkaz končí. Načtení jakékoliv jiné "
-"hodnoty\n"
+" SLOVA jsou expandována a vytvoří seznam slov. Množina expandovaných slov\n"
+" je vytištěna na standardní chybový výstup, každé předchází číslo. Není-li\n"
+" „in SLOVA“ přítomno, předpokládá se „in \"$@\"“. Pak je zobrazena výzva PS3\n"
+" a jeden řádek načten ze standardního vstupu. Pokud je řádek tvořen číslem\n"
+" odpovídajícím jednomu ze zobrazených slov, pak NÁZEV bude nastaven na toto\n"
+" slovo. Pokud je řádek prázdný, SLOVA a výzva budou znovu zobrazeny. Je-li\n"
+" načten EOF (konec souboru), příkaz končí. Načtení jakékoliv jiné hodnoty\n"
" nastaví NÁZEV na prázdný řetězec. Načtený řádek bude uložen do proměnné\n"
" REPLY. Po každém výběru budou provedeny PŘÍKAZY, dokud nebude vykonán\n"
" příkaz „break“.\n"
"Nahlásí čas spotřebovaný prováděním kolony.\n"
" \n"
" Vykoná KOLONU a zobrazí přehled reálného času, uživatelského\n"
-" procesorového času a systémového procesorového času stráveného "
-"prováděním\n"
+" procesorového času a systémového procesorového času stráveného prováděním\n"
" KOLONY poté, co skončí.\n"
" \n"
" Přepínače:\n"
" -p\tzobrazí přehled časů v přenositelném posixovém formátu\n"
" \n"
-" Hodnota proměnné TIMEFORMAT se použije jako specifikace výstupního "
-"formátu.\n"
+" Hodnota proměnné TIMEFORMAT se použije jako specifikace výstupního formátu.\n"
" \n"
" Návratový kód:\n"
" Návratová hodnota je návratová hodnota KOLONY."
msgid ""
"Execute commands based on conditional.\n"
" \n"
-" The `if COMMANDS' list is executed. If its exit status is zero, then "
-"the\n"
-" `then COMMANDS' list is executed. Otherwise, each `elif COMMANDS' list "
-"is\n"
+" The `if COMMANDS' list is executed. If its exit status is zero, then the\n"
+" `then COMMANDS' list is executed. Otherwise, each `elif COMMANDS' list is\n"
" executed in turn, and if its exit status is zero, the corresponding\n"
-" `then COMMANDS' list is executed and the if command completes. "
-"Otherwise,\n"
-" the `else COMMANDS' list is executed, if present. The exit status of "
-"the\n"
-" entire construct is the exit status of the last command executed, or "
-"zero\n"
+" `then COMMANDS' list is executed and the if command completes. Otherwise,\n"
+" the `else COMMANDS' list is executed, if present. The exit status of the\n"
+" entire construct is the exit status of the last command executed, or zero\n"
" if no condition tested true.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
"Vykoná příkazy na základě splnění podmínky.\n"
" \n"
" Provede seznam „if PŘÍKAZŮ“. Bude-li jeho návratový kód nula, pak bude\n"
-" proveden seznam „then PŘÍKAZŮ“. Jinak bude proveden popořadě každý "
-"seznam\n"
+" proveden seznam „then PŘÍKAZŮ“. Jinak bude proveden popořadě každý seznam\n"
" „elif PŘÍKAZŮ“ a bude-li jeho návratový kód nula, odpovídající seznam\n"
" „then PŘÍKAZŮ“ bude proveden a příkaz if skončí. V opačném případě bude\n"
" proveden seznam „else PŘÍKAZŮ“, pokud existuje. Návratová hodnota celé\n"
-" konstrukce je návratovou hodnotou posledního provedeného příkazu nebo "
-"nula,\n"
+" konstrukce je návratovou hodnotou posledního provedeného příkazu nebo nula,\n"
" pokud žádná z testovaných podmínek není pravdivá.\n"
" \n"
" Návratový kód:\n"
msgstr ""
"Vykonává příkazy, dokud test úspěšně prochází.\n"
" \n"
-" Expanduje a provádí PŘÍKAZY tak dlouho, dokud poslední příkaz ve "
-"„while“\n"
+" Expanduje a provádí PŘÍKAZY tak dlouho, dokud poslední příkaz ve „while“\n"
" PŘÍKAZECH má nulový návratový kód.\n"
" \n"
" Návratový kód:\n"
msgstr ""
"Vykonává příkazy, dokud test končí neúspěšně.\n"
" \n"
-" Expanduje a provádí PŘÍKAZY tak dlouho, dokud poslední příkaz ve "
-"„until“\n"
+" Expanduje a provádí PŘÍKAZY tak dlouho, dokud poslední příkaz ve „until“\n"
" PŘÍKAZECH má nenulový návratový kód. \n"
" Návratový kód:\n"
" Vrátí kód naposledy provedeného příkazu."
"Vytvoří koproces pojmenovaný NÁZEV.\n"
" \n"
" Vykoná PŘÍKAZ asynchronně, přičemž jeho standardní výstup a standardní\n"
-" vstup budou napojeny rourou na souborové deskriptory uvedené v poli "
-"NÁZEV\n"
+" vstup budou napojeny rourou na souborové deskriptory uvedené v poli NÁZEV\n"
" tohoto shellu pod indexem 0 a 1. Implicitní NÁZEV je „COPROC“.\n"
" \n"
" Návratový kód:\n"
"Define shell function.\n"
" \n"
" Create a shell function named NAME. When invoked as a simple command,\n"
-" NAME runs COMMANDs in the calling shell's context. When NAME is "
-"invoked,\n"
+" NAME runs COMMANDs in the calling shell's context. When NAME is invoked,\n"
" the arguments are passed to the function as $1...$n, and the function's\n"
" name is in $FUNCNAME.\n"
" \n"
"Definuje funkci shellu.\n"
" \n"
" Vytvoří shellovou funkci pojmenovanou NÁZEV. Volána jakožto jednoduchý\n"
-" příkaz spustí PŘÍKAZY v kontextu volajícího shellu. Je-li vyvolán "
-"NÁZEV,\n"
-" budou funkci předány argumenty jako $1…$n a název funkce bude umístěn "
-"do\n"
+" příkaz spustí PŘÍKAZY v kontextu volajícího shellu. Je-li vyvolán NÁZEV,\n"
+" budou funkci předány argumenty jako $1…$n a název funkce bude umístěn do\n"
" $FUNCNAME.\n"
" \n"
" Návratový kód:\n"
"Obnoví úlohu do popředí.\n"
" \n"
" Ekvivalent k argumentu ÚLOHA příkazu „fg“. Obnoví pozastavenou úlohu\n"
-" nebo úlohu na pozadí. ÚLOHA může určovat buď název úlohy, nebo číslo "
-"úlohy.\n"
-" Přidání „&“ za ÚLOHU přesune úlohu na pozadí, jako by identifikátor "
-"úlohy\n"
+" nebo úlohu na pozadí. ÚLOHA může určovat buď název úlohy, nebo číslo úlohy.\n"
+" Přidání „&“ za ÚLOHU přesune úlohu na pozadí, jako by identifikátor úlohy\n"
" byl argumentem příkazu „bg“.\n"
" \n"
" Návratový kód:\n"
msgid ""
"Execute conditional command.\n"
" \n"
-" Returns a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the "
-"conditional\n"
-" expression EXPRESSION. Expressions are composed of the same primaries "
-"used\n"
-" by the `test' builtin, and may be combined using the following "
-"operators:\n"
+" Returns a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the conditional\n"
+" expression EXPRESSION. Expressions are composed of the same primaries used\n"
+" by the `test' builtin, and may be combined using the following operators:\n"
" \n"
" ( EXPRESSION )\tReturns the value of EXPRESSION\n"
" ! EXPRESSION\t\tTrue if EXPRESSION is false; else false\n"
" ! VÝRAZ\t\tPravda, pokud VÝRAZ je nepravdivý; jinak nepravda\n"
" VÝR1 && VÝR2\tPravda, pokud oba VÝR1 i VÝR2 jsou pravdivé;\n"
" \t\tjinak nepravda\n"
-" VÝR1 || VÝR2\tPravda, pokud VÝR1 nebo VÝR2 je pravdivý; jinak "
-"nepravda\n"
+" VÝR1 || VÝR2\tPravda, pokud VÝR1 nebo VÝR2 je pravdivý; jinak nepravda\n"
" \n"
" Jsou-li použity operátory „==“ a „!=“, řetězec napravo od operátoru je\n"
" použit jako vzor a bude uplatněno porovnávání proti vzoru. Je-li použit\n"
" operátor „=~, řetězec napravo do operátoru je uvažován jako regulární\n"
" výraz.\n"
" \n"
-" Operátory && a || nevyhodnocují VÝR2, pokud VÝR1 je dostatečný na "
-"určení\n"
+" Operátory && a || nevyhodnocují VÝR2, pokud VÝR1 je dostatečný na určení\n"
" hodnoty výrazu.\n"
" \n"
" Návratový kód:\n"
" BASH_VERSION\tInformace o verzi tohoto Bashe.\n"
" CDPATH\tDvojtečkou oddělený seznam adresářů, který se prohledává\n"
" \t\tna adresáře zadané jako argumenty u „cd“.\n"
-" GLOBIGNORE\tDvojtečkou oddělený seznam vzorů popisujících jména "
-"souborů,\n"
+" GLOBIGNORE\tDvojtečkou oddělený seznam vzorů popisujících jména souborů,\n"
" \t\tkterá budou ignorována při expanzi cest.\n"
" HISTFILE\tJméno souboru, kde je uložena historie vašich příkazů.\n"
" HISTFILESIZE\tMaximální počet řádků, které tento soubor smí obsahovat.\n"
" \twith its position in the stack\n"
" \n"
" Arguments:\n"
-" +N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown "
-"by\n"
+" +N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown by\n"
" \tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.\n"
" \n"
-" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown "
-"by\n"
+" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown by\n"
" \tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
"Zobrazí zásobník adresářů.\n"
" \n"
" Zobrazí seznam právě pamatovaných adresářů. Adresáře si najdou cestu\n"
-" na seznam příkazem „pushd“ a procházet seznamem zpět lze příkazem "
-"„popd“.\n"
+" na seznam příkazem „pushd“ a procházet seznamem zpět lze příkazem „popd“.\n"
" \n"
" Přepínače:\n"
" -c\tvyprázdní zásobník adresářů tím, že smaže všechny jeho prvky\n"
"Set and unset shell options.\n"
" \n"
" Change the setting of each shell option OPTNAME. Without any option\n"
-" arguments, list all shell options with an indication of whether or not "
-"each\n"
+" arguments, list all shell options with an indication of whether or not each\n"
" is set.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
"Zapne nebo vypne volby (přepínače) shellu.\n"
" \n"
" Změní nastavení každého přepínače shellu NÁZEV_VOLBY. Bez přepínačových\n"
-" argumentů vypíše seznam všech přepínačů shellu s příznakem, zda je, "
-"nebo\n"
+" argumentů vypíše seznam všech přepínačů shellu s příznakem, zda je, nebo\n"
" není nastaven.\n"
" Přepínače:\n"
" -o\tomezí NÁZVY_VOLEB na ty, které jsou definovány pro použití\n"
" -v var\tassign the output to shell variable VAR rather than\n"
" \t\tdisplay it on the standard output\n"
" \n"
-" FORMAT is a character string which contains three types of objects: "
-"plain\n"
-" characters, which are simply copied to standard output; character "
-"escape\n"
+" FORMAT is a character string which contains three types of objects: plain\n"
+" characters, which are simply copied to standard output; character escape\n"
" sequences, which are converted and copied to the standard output; and\n"
-" format specifications, each of which causes printing of the next "
-"successive\n"
+" format specifications, each of which causes printing of the next successive\n"
" argument.\n"
" \n"
-" In addition to the standard format specifications described in "
-"printf(1),\n"
+" In addition to the standard format specifications described in printf(1),\n"
" printf interprets:\n"
" \n"
" %b\texpand backslash escape sequences in the corresponding argument\n"
" %q\tquote the argument in a way that can be reused as shell input\n"
-" %(fmt)T output the date-time string resulting from using FMT as a "
-"format\n"
+" %(fmt)T output the date-time string resulting from using FMT as a format\n"
" string for strftime(3)\n"
" \n"
" The format is re-used as necessary to consume all of the arguments. If\n"
" there are fewer arguments than the format requires, extra format\n"
-" specifications behave as if a zero value or null string, as "
-"appropriate,\n"
+" specifications behave as if a zero value or null string, as appropriate,\n"
" had been supplied.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or a write or "
-"assignment\n"
+" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or a write or assignment\n"
" error occurs."
msgstr ""
"Naformátuje a vypíše ARGUMENTY podle definice FORMÁTU.\n"
" -v proměnná\tvýstup umístí do proměnné shellu PROMĚNNÁ namísto\n"
" \t\todeslání na standardní výstup.\n"
" \n"
-" FORMÁT je řetězec znaků, který obsahuje tři druhy objektů: obyčejné "
-"znaky,\n"
-" které jsou prostě zkopírovány na standardní výstup, posloupnosti "
-"escapových\n"
+" FORMÁT je řetězec znaků, který obsahuje tři druhy objektů: obyčejné znaky,\n"
+" které jsou prostě zkopírovány na standardní výstup, posloupnosti escapových\n"
" znaků, které jsou zkonvertovány a zkopírovány na standardní výstup a\n"
-" formátovací definice, z nichž každá způsobí vytištění dalšího "
-"argumentu.\n"
+" formátovací definice, z nichž každá způsobí vytištění dalšího argumentu.\n"
" \n"
" Tento printf interpretuje vedle standardních formátovacích definic\n"
" popsaných v printf(1) též:\n"
" %(FORMÁT)T\tvypíše řetězec data-času tak, jako by to byl výstup\n"
" \t\tfunkce strftime(3) s formátovacím řetězcem FORMÁT\n"
" \n"
-" FORMÁT lze znovu použít podle potřeby ke zpracování všech argumentů. Je-"
-"li\n"
+" FORMÁT lze znovu použít podle potřeby ke zpracování všech argumentů. Je-li\n"
" zde méně argumentů, než FORMÁT vyžaduje, nadbytečné formátovací znaky\n"
-" se budou chovat, jako by nulová hodnota nebo nulový řetězec, jak je "
-"třeba,\n"
+" se budou chovat, jako by nulová hodnota nebo nulový řetězec, jak je třeba,\n"
" byly zadány.\n"
" \n"
" Návratový kód:\n"
msgid ""
"Specify how arguments are to be completed by Readline.\n"
" \n"
-" For each NAME, specify how arguments are to be completed. If no "
-"options\n"
-" are supplied, existing completion specifications are printed in a way "
-"that\n"
+" For each NAME, specify how arguments are to be completed. If no options\n"
+" are supplied, existing completion specifications are printed in a way that\n"
" allows them to be reused as input.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -E\tpoužije pravidla doplňování á akce na „prázdné“ příkazy –\n"
" \tpravidla doplňování se uplatní na prázdný řádek\n"
" \n"
-" Použije-li se doplňování, akce se uplatní v pořadí, v jakém jsou "
-"vypsány\n"
+" Použije-li se doplňování, akce se uplatní v pořadí, v jakém jsou vypsány\n"
" přepínače psané velkými písmeny výše. Přepínač -D má přednost před\n"
" přepínačem -E.\n"
" \n"
"Display possible completions depending on the options.\n"
" \n"
" Intended to be used from within a shell function generating possible\n"
-" completions. If the optional WORD argument is supplied, matches "
-"against\n"
+" completions. If the optional WORD argument is supplied, matches against\n"
" WORD are generated.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
msgid ""
"Modify or display completion options.\n"
" \n"
-" Modify the completion options for each NAME, or, if no NAMEs are "
-"supplied,\n"
-" the completion currently being executed. If no OPTIONs are given, "
-"print\n"
-" the completion options for each NAME or the current completion "
-"specification.\n"
+" Modify the completion options for each NAME, or, if no NAMEs are supplied,\n"
+" the completion currently being executed. If no OPTIONs are given, print\n"
+" the completion options for each NAME or the current completion specification.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" \t-o option\tSet completion option OPTION for each NAME\n"
" Argumenty:\n"
" Každý NÁZEV odkazuje na příkaz, pro který musí být předem definováno\n"
" pravidlo (definice) doplňování pomocí vestavěného příkazu „complete“.\n"
-" Nejsou-li zadány žádné NÁZVY, musí být compopt volán funkcí, která "
-"právě\n"
-" generuje doplňování. Změněny pak budou možnosti tohoto právě "
-"prováděného\n"
+" Nejsou-li zadány žádné NÁZVY, musí být compopt volán funkcí, která právě\n"
+" generuje doplňování. Změněny pak budou možnosti tohoto právě prováděného\n"
" generátoru doplňování.\n"
" \n"
" Návratový kód:\n"
-" Vrátí úspěch, pokud nebyl zadán neplatný přepínač a NÁZEV měl "
-"definováno\n"
+" Vrátí úspěch, pokud nebyl zadán neplatný přepínač a NÁZEV měl definováno\n"
" pravidlo doplňování."
#: builtins.c:2015
msgid ""
"Read lines from the standard input into an indexed array variable.\n"
" \n"
-" Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable "
-"ARRAY, or\n"
-" from file descriptor FD if the -u option is supplied. The variable "
-"MAPFILE\n"
+" Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable ARRAY, or\n"
+" from file descriptor FD if the -u option is supplied. The variable MAPFILE\n"
" is the default ARRAY.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
-" -n count\tCopy at most COUNT lines. If COUNT is 0, all lines are "
-"copied.\n"
-" -O origin\tBegin assigning to ARRAY at index ORIGIN. The default "
-"index is 0.\n"
+" -n count\tCopy at most COUNT lines. If COUNT is 0, all lines are copied.\n"
+" -O origin\tBegin assigning to ARRAY at index ORIGIN. The default index is 0.\n"
" -s count \tDiscard the first COUNT lines read.\n"
" -t\t\tRemove a trailing newline from each line read.\n"
-" -u fd\t\tRead lines from file descriptor FD instead of the standard "
-"input.\n"
+" -u fd\t\tRead lines from file descriptor FD instead of the standard input.\n"
" -C callback\tEvaluate CALLBACK each time QUANTUM lines are read.\n"
-" -c quantum\tSpecify the number of lines read between each call to "
-"CALLBACK.\n"
+" -c quantum\tSpecify the number of lines read between each call to CALLBACK.\n"
" \n"
" Arguments:\n"
" ARRAY\t\tArray variable name to use for file data.\n"
" element to be assigned and the line to be assigned to that element\n"
" as additional arguments.\n"
" \n"
-" If not supplied with an explicit origin, mapfile will clear ARRAY "
-"before\n"
+" If not supplied with an explicit origin, mapfile will clear ARRAY before\n"
" assigning to it.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or ARRAY is readonly "
-"or\n"
+" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or ARRAY is readonly or\n"
" not an indexed array."
msgstr ""
"Načte řádky ze standardního vstupu do proměnné typu indexované pole.\n"
" \n"
-" Načte řádky ze standardního vstupu nebo z deskriptoru souboru FD, byl-"
-"li\n"
+" Načte řádky ze standardního vstupu nebo z deskriptoru souboru FD, byl-li\n"
" zadán přepínač -u, do proměnné POLE, která je typu indexované pole.\n"
" Implicitním POLEM je proměnná MAPFILE.\n"
" \n"
#~ msgid "Copyright (C) 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\n"
#~ msgstr "Copyright © 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\n"
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "License GPLv2+: GNU GPL version 2 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl."
-#~ "html>\n"
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "Licence GPLv2+: GNU GPL verze 2 nebo novější <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl."
-#~ "html>\n"
+#~ msgid "License GPLv2+: GNU GPL version 2 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>\n"
+#~ msgstr "Licence GPLv2+: GNU GPL verze 2 nebo novější <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>\n"
#~ msgid ""
#~ ". With EXPR, returns\n"
#~ "; this extra information can be used to\n"
#~ " provide a stack trace.\n"
#~ " \n"
-#~ " The value of EXPR indicates how many call frames to go back before "
-#~ "the\n"
+#~ " The value of EXPR indicates how many call frames to go back before the\n"
#~ " current one; the top frame is frame 0."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "; tato dodatečná informace může být\n"
#~ msgstr "xrealloc: nelze alokovat %'lu bajtů"
#~ msgid "xrealloc: %s:%d: cannot reallocate %lu bytes (%lu bytes allocated)"
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "xrealloc: %s:%d: nelze přealokovat %'lu bajtů (%'lu bajtů alokováno)"
+#~ msgstr "xrealloc: %s:%d: nelze přealokovat %'lu bajtů (%'lu bajtů alokováno)"
#~ msgid " "
#~ msgstr " "
#~ msgid "can be used used to provide a stack trace."
#~ msgstr "lze využít při výpisu zásobníku volání."
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "The value of EXPR indicates how many call frames to go back before the"
+#~ msgid "The value of EXPR indicates how many call frames to go back before the"
#~ msgstr "Hodnota VÝRAZ značí, kolik rámců volání se má jít zpět před"
#~ msgid "current one; the top frame is frame 0."
#~ msgid "back up through the list with the `popd' command."
#~ msgstr "vrátit příkazem „popd“."
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "The -l flag specifies that `dirs' should not print shorthand versions"
+#~ msgid "The -l flag specifies that `dirs' should not print shorthand versions"
#~ msgstr "Příznak -l značí, že „dirs“ nemá vypisovat zkrácené verze adresářů,"
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "of directories which are relative to your home directory. This means"
+#~ msgid "of directories which are relative to your home directory. This means"
#~ msgstr "které leží pod vaším domovským adresářem. To znamená, že „~/bin“"
#~ msgid "that `~/bin' might be displayed as `/homes/bfox/bin'. The -v flag"
#~ msgstr "smí být zobrazen jako „/homes/bfox/bin“. Příznak -v způsobí, že"
#~ msgid "causes `dirs' to print the directory stack with one entry per line,"
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "„dirs“ vypíše zásobník adresářů záznam po záznamu na samostatné řádky"
+#~ msgstr "„dirs“ vypíše zásobník adresářů záznam po záznamu na samostatné řádky"
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "prepending the directory name with its position in the stack. The -p"
+#~ msgid "prepending the directory name with its position in the stack. The -p"
#~ msgstr "a před název adresáře uvede jeho pořadí v zásobníku. Příznak -p"
#~ msgid "flag does the same thing, but the stack position is not prepended."
#~ msgstr "dělá to samé, ale bez informace o umístění na zásobníku."
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "The -c flag clears the directory stack by deleting all of the elements."
+#~ msgid "The -c flag clears the directory stack by deleting all of the elements."
#~ msgstr "Příznak -c vyprázdní zásobník smazáním všem prvků."
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "+N displays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown by"
+#~ msgid "+N displays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown by"
#~ msgstr "+N zobrazí N. položku počítáno zleva na seznamu, který by ukázal"
#~ msgid " dirs when invoked without options, starting with zero."
#~ msgstr " příkaz dirs bez jakýchkoliv přepínačů, počítáno od nuly."
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "-N displays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown by"
+#~ msgid "-N displays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown by"
#~ msgstr "-N zobrazí N. položku počítáno zprava na seznamu, který by ukázal"
#~ msgid "Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates"
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "Přidá adresář na vrchol zásobníku adresářů, nebo rotuje zásobník tak,"
+#~ msgstr "Přidá adresář na vrchol zásobníku adresářů, nebo rotuje zásobník tak,"
#~ msgid "the stack, making the new top of the stack the current working"
#~ msgstr "že nový vrchol zásobníku se stane pracovním adresářem."
#~ msgstr " zprava seznamu, který by ukázal „dirs“, počínaje od"
#~ msgid "-n suppress the normal change of directory when adding directories"
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "-n potlačí obvyklou změnu pracovního adresáře při přidávání adresářů"
+#~ msgstr "-n potlačí obvyklou změnu pracovního adresáře při přidávání adresářů"
#~ msgid " to the stack, so only the stack is manipulated."
#~ msgstr " na zásobník, takže se změní jen obsah zásobníku."
#~ msgid " removes the last directory, `popd -1' the next to last."
#~ msgstr " odstraní poslední adresář, “popd -1“ předposlední."
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "-n suppress the normal change of directory when removing directories"
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "-n potlačí obvyklou změnu pracovního adresáře při odebírání adresářů"
+#~ msgid "-n suppress the normal change of directory when removing directories"
+#~ msgstr "-n potlačí obvyklou změnu pracovního adresáře při odebírání adresářů"
#~ msgid " from the stack, so only the stack is manipulated."
#~ msgstr " ze zásobníku, takže pouze zásobník dozná změny."
#~ msgid ""
#~ "Exit from within a FOR, WHILE or UNTIL loop. If N is specified,\n"
#~ " break N levels."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "Ukončí smyčku FOR, WHILE nebo UNTIL. Je-li zadáno N, ukončí N úrovní."
+#~ msgstr "Ukončí smyčku FOR, WHILE nebo UNTIL. Je-li zadáno N, ukončí N úrovní."
#~ msgid ""
#~ "Run a shell builtin. This is useful when you wish to rename a\n"
#~ msgid ""
#~ "Runs COMMAND with ARGS ignoring shell functions. If you have a shell\n"
#~ " function called `ls', and you wish to call the command `ls', you can\n"
-#~ " say \"command ls\". If the -p option is given, a default value is "
-#~ "used\n"
-#~ " for PATH that is guaranteed to find all of the standard utilities. "
-#~ "If\n"
-#~ " the -V or -v option is given, a string is printed describing "
-#~ "COMMAND.\n"
+#~ " say \"command ls\". If the -p option is given, a default value is used\n"
+#~ " for PATH that is guaranteed to find all of the standard utilities. If\n"
+#~ " the -V or -v option is given, a string is printed describing COMMAND.\n"
#~ " The -V option produces a more verbose description."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "Spustí PŘÍKAZ s ARGUMENTY ignoruje funkce shellu. Máte-li shellovou\n"
#~ " funkci pojmenovanou „ls“, a chcete-li zavolat příkaz „ls“, použijte\n"
-#~ " „command ls“. Je-li zadán přepínač -p, bude pro PATH použita "
-#~ "implicitní\n"
-#~ " hodnota, která zaručuje, že budou nalezeny všechny standardní "
-#~ "nástroje.\n"
-#~ " Je-li zadán přepínač -V nebo -v, bude vytištěn řetězec popisující "
-#~ "PŘÍKAZ.\n"
+#~ " „command ls“. Je-li zadán přepínač -p, bude pro PATH použita implicitní\n"
+#~ " hodnota, která zaručuje, že budou nalezeny všechny standardní nástroje.\n"
+#~ " Je-li zadán přepínač -V nebo -v, bude vytištěn řetězec popisující PŘÍKAZ.\n"
#~ " Přepínač -V produkuje podrobnější popis."
#~ msgid ""
#~ " \n"
#~ " -a\tto make NAMEs arrays (if supported)\n"
#~ " -f\tto select from among function names only\n"
-#~ " -F\tto display function names (and line number and source file name "
-#~ "if\n"
+#~ " -F\tto display function names (and line number and source file name if\n"
#~ " \tdebugging) without definitions\n"
#~ " -i\tto make NAMEs have the `integer' attribute\n"
#~ " -r\tto make NAMEs readonly\n"
#~ " and definition. The -F option restricts the display to function\n"
#~ " name only.\n"
#~ " \n"
-#~ " Using `+' instead of `-' turns off the given attribute instead. "
-#~ "When\n"
+#~ " Using `+' instead of `-' turns off the given attribute instead. When\n"
#~ " used in a function, makes NAMEs local, as with the `local' command."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "Deklaruje proměnné a/nebo jim nastaví atributy. Nejsou-li zadány NÁZVY,\n"
-#~ " tak místo toho zobrazí hodnoty proměnných. Přepínač -p zobrazí "
-#~ "atributy\n"
+#~ " tak místo toho zobrazí hodnoty proměnných. Přepínač -p zobrazí atributy\n"
#~ " a hodnoty pro každý NÁZEV.\n"
#~ " \n"
#~ " Příznaky jsou:\n"
#~ " \n"
#~ " -a\tučiní NÁZVY poli (je-li podporováno)\n"
#~ " -f\tvybírá pouze mezi názvy funkcí\n"
-#~ " -F\tzobrazí názvy funkcí (a číslo řádku a název zdrojového "
-#~ "souboru,\n"
+#~ " -F\tzobrazí názvy funkcí (a číslo řádku a název zdrojového souboru,\n"
#~ " \tje-li zapnuto ladění) bez definic\n"
#~ " -i\tpřiřadí NÁZVŮM atribut „integer“ (číslo)\n"
#~ " -r\tučiní NÁZVY jen pro čtení\n"
#~ " -t\tpřiřadí NÁZVŮM atribut „trace“ (sledování)\n"
#~ " -x\tvyexportuje NÁZVY\n"
#~ " \n"
-#~ " Proměnné s atributem integer jsou aritmeticky vyhodnoceny (vizte "
-#~ "„let“),\n"
+#~ " Proměnné s atributem integer jsou aritmeticky vyhodnoceny (vizte „let“),\n"
#~ " když je do proměnné přiřazováno.\n"
#~ " \n"
-#~ " Při zobrazování hodnot proměnných -f zobrazí názvy a definice "
-#~ "funkcí.\n"
+#~ " Při zobrazování hodnot proměnných -f zobrazí názvy a definice funkcí.\n"
#~ " Přepínač -F omezí výpis jen na názvy funkcí.\n"
#~ " \n"
#~ " Pomocí „+“ namísto „-“ daný atribut odeberete. Je-li použito uvnitř\n"
#~ " have a visible scope restricted to that function and its children."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "Vytvoří lokální proměnnou pojmenovanou NÁZEV a přiřadí jí HODNOTU.\n"
-#~ " LOCAL smí být použito jen uvnitř funkcí. Učiní proměnnou NÁZEV "
-#~ "viditelnou\n"
+#~ " LOCAL smí být použito jen uvnitř funkcí. Učiní proměnnou NÁZEV viditelnou\n"
#~ " jen v dané funkci a jejích potomcích."
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "Output the ARGs. If -n is specified, the trailing newline is suppressed."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "Vypíše ARGUMENTY. Je-li zadáni -n, závěrečný konec řádku bude potlačen."
+#~ msgid "Output the ARGs. If -n is specified, the trailing newline is suppressed."
+#~ msgstr "Vypíše ARGUMENTY. Je-li zadáni -n, závěrečný konec řádku bude potlačen."
#~ msgid ""
#~ "Enable and disable builtin shell commands. This allows\n"
#~ " previously loaded with -f. If no non-option names are given, or\n"
#~ " the -p option is supplied, a list of builtins is printed. The\n"
#~ " -a option means to print every builtin with an indication of whether\n"
-#~ " or not it is enabled. The -s option restricts the output to the "
-#~ "POSIX.2\n"
-#~ " `special' builtins. The -n option displays a list of all disabled "
-#~ "builtins."
+#~ " or not it is enabled. The -s option restricts the output to the POSIX.2\n"
+#~ " `special' builtins. The -n option displays a list of all disabled builtins."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "Povolí nebo zakáže vestavěný příkaz shellu. To vám umožňuje použít\n"
-#~ " příkaz z disku, který má stejné jméno jako vestavěný příkaz shellu, "
-#~ "aniž\n"
+#~ " příkaz z disku, který má stejné jméno jako vestavěný příkaz shellu, aniž\n"
#~ " byste museli zadávat celou cestu. Je-li použito -n, NÁZVY se stanou\n"
-#~ " zakázanými, jinak budou povoleny. Například „test“ z PATH namísto "
-#~ "verze\n"
-#~ " vestavěné do shellu lze používat tak, že napíšete „enable -n test“. "
-#~ "Na\n"
-#~ " systémech podporujících dynamické zavádění přepínač -f může být "
-#~ "použit\n"
-#~ " pro zavedení nových vestavěných příkazů ze sdíleného objektu "
-#~ "NÁZEV_SOUBORU.\n"
-#~ " Přepínač -d odstraní vestavěný příkaz zavedený přes -f. Není-li "
-#~ "zadán\n"
-#~ " žádný přepínač nebo je-li zadán přepínač -p, bude vypsán seznam "
-#~ "vestavěných\n"
-#~ " příkazů. Přepínač -a znamená, že budou vypsány všechny vestavěné "
-#~ "příkazy a\n"
-#~ " u každého bude vyznačeno, zda je povolen nebo zakázán. Přepínač -s "
-#~ "omezí\n"
+#~ " zakázanými, jinak budou povoleny. Například „test“ z PATH namísto verze\n"
+#~ " vestavěné do shellu lze používat tak, že napíšete „enable -n test“. Na\n"
+#~ " systémech podporujících dynamické zavádění přepínač -f může být použit\n"
+#~ " pro zavedení nových vestavěných příkazů ze sdíleného objektu NÁZEV_SOUBORU.\n"
+#~ " Přepínač -d odstraní vestavěný příkaz zavedený přes -f. Není-li zadán\n"
+#~ " žádný přepínač nebo je-li zadán přepínač -p, bude vypsán seznam vestavěných\n"
+#~ " příkazů. Přepínač -a znamená, že budou vypsány všechny vestavěné příkazy a\n"
+#~ " u každého bude vyznačeno, zda je povolen nebo zakázán. Přepínač -s omezí\n"
#~ " výpis na příkazy uvedené v POSIX.2. Přepínač -n zobrazí seznam všech\n"
#~ " zakázaných vestavěných příkazů."
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "Read ARGs as input to the shell and execute the resulting command(s)."
+#~ msgid "Read ARGs as input to the shell and execute the resulting command(s)."
#~ msgstr "Načte ARGUMENTY jako vstup shellu a výsledný příkaz(y) provede."
#~ msgid ""
#~ " then the shell exits, unless the shell option `execfail' is set."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "Provede SOUBOR, přičemž nahradí tento shell zadaným programem.\n"
-#~ " Není-li SOUBOR zadán, přesměrování zapůsobí v tomto shellu. Je-li "
-#~ "prvním\n"
-#~ " argumentem „-l“, bude do nultého argumentu SOUBORU umístěna pomlčka "
-#~ "tak,\n"
+#~ " Není-li SOUBOR zadán, přesměrování zapůsobí v tomto shellu. Je-li prvním\n"
+#~ " argumentem „-l“, bude do nultého argumentu SOUBORU umístěna pomlčka tak,\n"
#~ " jak to dělá login. Je-li zadán přepínač „-c“, bude SOUBOR spuštěn\n"
#~ " s prázdným prostředím. Přepínač „-a“ znamená, že argv[0] prováděného\n"
-#~ " procesu bude nastaven na NÁZEV. Pokud soubor nemůže být proveden a "
-#~ "shell\n"
+#~ " procesu bude nastaven na NÁZEV. Pokud soubor nemůže být proveden a shell\n"
#~ " není interaktivní, pak shell bude ukončen, pokud přepínač shellu\n"
#~ " „execfail“ není nastaven."
#~ " remembered. If the -p option is supplied, PATHNAME is used as the\n"
#~ " full pathname of NAME, and no path search is performed. The -r\n"
#~ " option causes the shell to forget all remembered locations. The -d\n"
-#~ " option causes the shell to forget the remembered location of each "
-#~ "NAME.\n"
+#~ " option causes the shell to forget the remembered location of each NAME.\n"
#~ " If the -t option is supplied the full pathname to which each NAME\n"
-#~ " corresponds is printed. If multiple NAME arguments are supplied "
-#~ "with\n"
-#~ " -t, the NAME is printed before the hashed full pathname. The -l "
-#~ "option\n"
-#~ " causes output to be displayed in a format that may be reused as "
-#~ "input.\n"
-#~ " If no arguments are given, information about remembered commands is "
-#~ "displayed."
+#~ " corresponds is printed. If multiple NAME arguments are supplied with\n"
+#~ " -t, the NAME is printed before the hashed full pathname. The -l option\n"
+#~ " causes output to be displayed in a format that may be reused as input.\n"
+#~ " If no arguments are given, information about remembered commands is displayed."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "Pro každý NÁZEV je určena plná cesta k příkazu a je zapamatována.\n"
-#~ " Za použití přepínače -p se vezme NÁZEV_CESTY za plnou cestu k NÁZVU "
-#~ "a\n"
-#~ " žádné vyhledávání cesty se nekoná. Přepínač -r způsobí, že shell "
-#~ "zapomene\n"
-#~ " všechny zapamatovaná umístění. Přepínač -d způsobí, že shell "
-#~ "zapomene\n"
-#~ " zapamatovaná umístění každého NÁZVU. Je-li zadán přepínač -t, bude "
-#~ "vypsána\n"
-#~ " plná cesta ke každému NÁZVU. Je-li s -t zadáno více NÁZVŮ, NÁZEV "
-#~ "bude\n"
-#~ " vypsán před uloženou celou cestou. Přepínač -l vytvoří takový "
-#~ "výstup,\n"
+#~ " Za použití přepínače -p se vezme NÁZEV_CESTY za plnou cestu k NÁZVU a\n"
+#~ " žádné vyhledávání cesty se nekoná. Přepínač -r způsobí, že shell zapomene\n"
+#~ " všechny zapamatovaná umístění. Přepínač -d způsobí, že shell zapomene\n"
+#~ " zapamatovaná umístění každého NÁZVU. Je-li zadán přepínač -t, bude vypsána\n"
+#~ " plná cesta ke každému NÁZVU. Je-li s -t zadáno více NÁZVŮ, NÁZEV bude\n"
+#~ " vypsán před uloženou celou cestou. Přepínač -l vytvoří takový výstup,\n"
#~ " který lze opět použít jako vstup. Nejsou-li zadány žádné argumenty,\n"
#~ " budou vypsány informace o zapamatovaných příkazech."
#~ " a short usage synopsis."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "Zobrazí užitečné informace o vestavěných příkazech. Je-li zadán VZOREK,\n"
-#~ " vrátí podrobnou nápovědu ke všem příkazům odpovídajícím VZORKU, jinak "
-#~ "je\n"
-#~ " vytištěn seznam vestavěných příkazů. Přepínač -s omezí výstup "
-#~ "o každém\n"
+#~ " vrátí podrobnou nápovědu ke všem příkazům odpovídajícím VZORKU, jinak je\n"
+#~ " vytištěn seznam vestavěných příkazů. Přepínač -s omezí výstup o každém\n"
#~ " vestavěném příkazu odpovídajícího VZORKU na stručný popis použití."
#~ msgid ""
#~ "By default, removes each JOBSPEC argument from the table of active jobs.\n"
-#~ " If the -h option is given, the job is not removed from the table, but "
-#~ "is\n"
+#~ " If the -h option is given, the job is not removed from the table, but is\n"
#~ " marked so that SIGHUP is not sent to the job if the shell receives a\n"
-#~ " SIGHUP. The -a option, when JOBSPEC is not supplied, means to remove "
-#~ "all\n"
-#~ " jobs from the job table; the -r option means to remove only running "
-#~ "jobs."
+#~ " SIGHUP. The -a option, when JOBSPEC is not supplied, means to remove all\n"
+#~ " jobs from the job table; the -r option means to remove only running jobs."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "Implicitně odstraní každý argument ÚLOHA z tabulky aktivních úloh. Je-li\n"
-#~ " zadán přepínač -h, úloha není odstraněna z tabulky, ale je označena "
-#~ "tak.\n"
-#~ " že úloze nebude zaslán SIGHUP, když shell obdrží SIGHUP. Přepínač -"
-#~ "a,\n"
+#~ " zadán přepínač -h, úloha není odstraněna z tabulky, ale je označena tak.\n"
+#~ " že úloze nebude zaslán SIGHUP, když shell obdrží SIGHUP. Přepínač -a,\n"
#~ " pokud není uvedena ÚLOHA, znamená, že všechny úlohy budou odstraněny\n"
#~ " z tabulky úloh. Přepínač -r znamená, že pouze běžící úlohy budou\n"
#~ " odstraněny."
#~ " function. Some variables cannot be unset; also see readonly."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "Pro každé JMÉNO odstraní odpovídající proměnnou nebo funkci.\n"
-#~ " Spolu s „-v“ bude unset fungovat jen na proměnné. S příznakem „-f“ "
-#~ "bude\n"
-#~ " unset fungovat jen na funkce. Bez těchto dvou příznaků unset nejprve "
-#~ "zkusí\n"
-#~ " zrušit proměnnou a pokud toto selže, tak zkusí zrušit funkci. "
-#~ "Některé\n"
+#~ " Spolu s „-v“ bude unset fungovat jen na proměnné. S příznakem „-f“ bude\n"
+#~ " unset fungovat jen na funkce. Bez těchto dvou příznaků unset nejprve zkusí\n"
+#~ " zrušit proměnnou a pokud toto selže, tak zkusí zrušit funkci. Některé\n"
#~ " proměnné nelze odstranit. Taktéž vizte příkaz „readonly“."
#~ msgid ""
#~ " processing."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "NÁZVY jsou označeny pro automatické exportování do prostředí následně\n"
-#~ " prováděných příkazů. Je-li zadán přepínač -f, NÁZVY se vztahují "
-#~ "k funkcím.\n"
-#~ " Nejsou-li zadány žádné NÁZVY nebo je-li zadáno „-p“, bude vytištěn "
-#~ "seznam\n"
-#~ " všech názvů, které jsou v tomto shellu exportovány. Argument „-n“ "
-#~ "nařizuje\n"
+#~ " prováděných příkazů. Je-li zadán přepínač -f, NÁZVY se vztahují k funkcím.\n"
+#~ " Nejsou-li zadány žádné NÁZVY nebo je-li zadáno „-p“, bude vytištěn seznam\n"
+#~ " všech názvů, které jsou v tomto shellu exportovány. Argument „-n“ nařizuje\n"
#~ " odstranit vlastnost exportovat z následujících NÁZVŮ. Argument „--“\n"
#~ " zakazuje zpracování dalších přepínačů."
#~ "The given NAMEs are marked readonly and the values of these NAMEs may\n"
#~ " not be changed by subsequent assignment. If the -f option is given,\n"
#~ " then functions corresponding to the NAMEs are so marked. If no\n"
-#~ " arguments are given, or if `-p' is given, a list of all readonly "
-#~ "names\n"
+#~ " arguments are given, or if `-p' is given, a list of all readonly names\n"
#~ " is printed. The `-a' option means to treat each NAME as\n"
#~ " an array variable. An argument of `--' disables further option\n"
#~ " processing."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "Zadané NÁZVY budou označeny jako jen pro čtení a hodnoty těchto NÁZVŮ\n"
-#~ " nebude možné změnit následným přiřazením. Je-li zadán přepínač -f, "
-#~ "pak\n"
-#~ " funkce těchto NÁZVŮ budou takto označeny. Nejsou-li zadány žádné "
-#~ "argumenty\n"
-#~ " nebo je-li zadáno „-p“, bude vytištěn seznam všech jmen jen pro "
-#~ "čtení.\n"
-#~ " Přepínač „-a“ znamená, že s každým NÁZVEM bude zacházeno jako "
-#~ "s proměnnou\n"
+#~ " nebude možné změnit následným přiřazením. Je-li zadán přepínač -f, pak\n"
+#~ " funkce těchto NÁZVŮ budou takto označeny. Nejsou-li zadány žádné argumenty\n"
+#~ " nebo je-li zadáno „-p“, bude vytištěn seznam všech jmen jen pro čtení.\n"
+#~ " Přepínač „-a“ znamená, že s každým NÁZVEM bude zacházeno jako s proměnnou\n"
#~ " typu pole. Argument „--“ zakáže zpracování dalších přepínačů."
#~ msgid ""
#~ "For each NAME, indicate how it would be interpreted if used as a\n"
#~ " command name.\n"
#~ " \n"
-#~ " If the -t option is used, `type' outputs a single word which is one "
-#~ "of\n"
-#~ " `alias', `keyword', `function', `builtin', `file' or `', if NAME is "
-#~ "an\n"
-#~ " alias, shell reserved word, shell function, shell builtin, disk "
-#~ "file,\n"
+#~ " If the -t option is used, `type' outputs a single word which is one of\n"
+#~ " `alias', `keyword', `function', `builtin', `file' or `', if NAME is an\n"
+#~ " alias, shell reserved word, shell function, shell builtin, disk file,\n"
#~ " or unfound, respectively.\n"
#~ " \n"
#~ " If the -p flag is used, `type' either returns the name of the disk\n"
#~ " file that would be executed, or nothing if `type -t NAME' would not\n"
#~ " return `file'.\n"
#~ " \n"
-#~ " If the -a flag is used, `type' displays all of the places that "
-#~ "contain\n"
+#~ " If the -a flag is used, `type' displays all of the places that contain\n"
#~ " an executable named `file'. This includes aliases, builtins, and\n"
#~ " functions, if and only if the -p flag is not also used.\n"
#~ " \n"
#~ " The -f flag suppresses shell function lookup.\n"
#~ " \n"
-#~ " The -P flag forces a PATH search for each NAME, even if it is an "
-#~ "alias,\n"
-#~ " builtin, or function, and returns the name of the disk file that "
-#~ "would\n"
+#~ " The -P flag forces a PATH search for each NAME, even if it is an alias,\n"
+#~ " builtin, or function, and returns the name of the disk file that would\n"
#~ " be executed."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "O každém NÁZVU řekne, jak by byl interpretován, kdyby byl použit jako\n"
#~ " název příkazu.\n"
#~ " \n"
-#~ " Je-li použit přepínač -t, „type“ vypíše jedno slovo z těchto: "
-#~ "„alias“,\n"
+#~ " Je-li použit přepínač -t, „type“ vypíše jedno slovo z těchto: „alias“,\n"
#~ " „keyword“, „function“, „builtin“, „file“ nebo „“, je-li NÁZEV alias,\n"
-#~ " klíčové slovo shellu, shellová funkce, vestavěný příkaz shellu, "
-#~ "soubor\n"
+#~ " klíčové slovo shellu, shellová funkce, vestavěný příkaz shellu, soubor\n"
#~ " na disku nebo nenalezený soubor.\n"
#~ " \n"
-#~ " Je-li použit přepínač -p, „type“ buď vrátí jméno souboru na disku, "
-#~ "který\n"
+#~ " Je-li použit přepínač -p, „type“ buď vrátí jméno souboru na disku, který\n"
#~ " by byl spuštěn, nebo nic, pokud „type -t NÁZEV“ by nevrátil „file“.\n"
#~ " \n"
-#~ " Je-li použit přepínač -a, „type“ zobrazí všechna místa, kde se "
-#~ "nalézá\n"
-#~ " spustitelný program pojmenovaný „soubor“. To zahrnuje aliasy, "
-#~ "vestavěné\n"
-#~ " příkazy a funkce jen a pouze tehdy, když není rovněž použit přepínač -"
-#~ "p.\n"
+#~ " Je-li použit přepínač -a, „type“ zobrazí všechna místa, kde se nalézá\n"
+#~ " spustitelný program pojmenovaný „soubor“. To zahrnuje aliasy, vestavěné\n"
+#~ " příkazy a funkce jen a pouze tehdy, když není rovněž použit přepínač -p.\n"
#~ " \n"
#~ " Přepínač -f potlačí hledání mezi funkcemi shellu.\n"
#~ " \n"
#~ " Přepínač -P vynutí prohledání PATH na každý NÁZEV, dokonce i když se\n"
-#~ " jedná o alias, vestavěný příkaz nebo funkci, a vrátí název souboru "
-#~ "na\n"
+#~ " jedná o alias, vestavěný příkaz nebo funkci, a vrátí název souboru na\n"
#~ " disku, který by byl spuštěn."
#~ msgid ""
#~ "The user file-creation mask is set to MODE. If MODE is omitted, or if\n"
-#~ " `-S' is supplied, the current value of the mask is printed. The `-"
-#~ "S'\n"
-#~ " option makes the output symbolic; otherwise an octal number is "
-#~ "output.\n"
+#~ " `-S' is supplied, the current value of the mask is printed. The `-S'\n"
+#~ " option makes the output symbolic; otherwise an octal number is output.\n"
#~ " If `-p' is supplied, and MODE is omitted, the output is in a form\n"
#~ " that may be used as input. If MODE begins with a digit, it is\n"
-#~ " interpreted as an octal number, otherwise it is a symbolic mode "
-#~ "string\n"
+#~ " interpreted as an octal number, otherwise it is a symbolic mode string\n"
#~ " like that accepted by chmod(1)."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "Uživatelská maska práv vytvářených souborů je nastavena na MÓD. Je-li\n"
-#~ " MÓD vynechán nebo je-li uvedeno „-S“, bude vytištěna současná "
-#~ "hodnota\n"
+#~ " MÓD vynechán nebo je-li uvedeno „-S“, bude vytištěna současná hodnota\n"
#~ " masky. Přepínač „-S“ učiní výstup symbolický, jinak bude výstupem\n"
#~ " osmičkové číslo. Je-li zadáno „-p“ a MÓD je vynechán, bude výstup ve\n"
#~ " formátu, který lze použít jako vstup. Začíná-li MÓD číslicí, bude\n"
-#~ " interpretován jako osmičkové číslo, jinak jako řetězec symbolického "
-#~ "zápisu\n"
+#~ " interpretován jako osmičkové číslo, jinak jako řetězec symbolického zápisu\n"
#~ " práv tak, jak jej chápe chmod(1)."
#~ msgid ""
#~ " all child processes of the shell are waited for."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "Počká na zadaný proces a nahlásí jeho návratový kód. Není-li N zadáno,\n"
-#~ " bude se čekat na všechny právě aktivní procesy potomků a návratová "
-#~ "hodnota\n"
+#~ " bude se čekat na všechny právě aktivní procesy potomků a návratová hodnota\n"
#~ " bude nula. N je ID procesu. Není-li zadáno, bude se čekat na všechny\n"
#~ " procesy potomků tohoto shellu."
#~ " not each is set."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "Přepne hodnoty proměnných řídící volitelné chování. Přepínač -s znamená,\n"
-#~ " že se každý NÁZEV_VOLBY zapne (nastaví). Přepínač -u každý "
-#~ "NÁZEV_VOLBY\n"
+#~ " že se každý NÁZEV_VOLBY zapne (nastaví). Přepínač -u každý NÁZEV_VOLBY\n"
#~ " vypne. Přepínač -q potlačí výstup. Zda je nebo není nastaven každý\n"
-#~ " NÁZEV_VOLBY, indikuje návratový kód. Přepínač -o omezí NÁZVY_VOLEB na "
-#~ "ty,\n"
+#~ " NÁZEV_VOLBY, indikuje návratový kód. Přepínač -o omezí NÁZVY_VOLEB na ty,\n"
#~ " které jsou definovány pro použití s „set -o“. Bez přepínačů nebo\n"
#~ " s přepínačem -p je zobrazen seznam všech nastavitelných voleb včetně\n"
#~ " indikace, zda je každá nastavena."
#~ msgid ""
#~ "For each NAME, specify how arguments are to be completed.\n"
-#~ " If the -p option is supplied, or if no options are supplied, "
-#~ "existing\n"
-#~ " completion specifications are printed in a way that allows them to "
-#~ "be\n"
-#~ " reused as input. The -r option removes a completion specification "
-#~ "for\n"
-#~ " each NAME, or, if no NAMEs are supplied, all completion "
-#~ "specifications."
+#~ " If the -p option is supplied, or if no options are supplied, existing\n"
+#~ " completion specifications are printed in a way that allows them to be\n"
+#~ " reused as input. The -r option removes a completion specification for\n"
+#~ " each NAME, or, if no NAMEs are supplied, all completion specifications."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "U každého NÁZVU sdělí, jak budou argumenty doplněny. Je-li zadán\n"
-#~ " přepínač -p nebo není-li zadán přepínač žádný, budou existující "
-#~ "definice\n"
+#~ " přepínač -p nebo není-li zadán přepínač žádný, budou existující definice\n"
#~ " doplňování vytištěny tak. že je bude možné znovu použít jako vstup.\n"
-#~ " Přepínač -r odstraní definici doplnění pro každý NÁZEV nebo chybí-li "
-#~ "NÁZVY,\n"
+#~ " Přepínač -r odstraní definici doplnění pro každý NÁZEV nebo chybí-li NÁZVY,\n"
#~ " odstraní všechny definice."
# German language file for GNU Bash 4.3
# Copyright (C) 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
# This file is distributed under the same license as the bash package.
-# Nils Naumann <nnau@gmx.net>, 1996-2013.
+# Nils Naumann <nau@gmx.net>, 1996-2013.
msgid ""
msgstr ""
-"Project-Id-Version: bash 4.3-pre2\n"
+"Project-Id-Version: bash 4.3-rc2\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-01-23 16:04-0500\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2013-08-26 21:04+0200\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-02-02 18:23+0100\n"
"Last-Translator: Nils Naumann <nau@gmx.net>\n"
"Language-Team: German <translation-team-de@lists.sourceforge.net>\n"
"Language: de\n"
#: arrayfunc.c:586
#, c-format
msgid "%s: %s: must use subscript when assigning associative array"
-msgstr ""
-"%s: %s: Ein Feldbezeicher wird zum Zuweisen eines assoziativen Arrays "
-"benötigt."
+msgstr "%s: %s: Ein Feldbezeicher wird zum Zuweisen eines assoziativen Arrays benötigt."
#: bashhist.c:388
#, c-format
#: bashline.c:3971
msgid "bash_execute_unix_command: cannot find keymap for command"
-msgstr ""
-"bash_execute_unix_command: Kann nicht die Tastenzuordnung für das Kommando "
-"finden."
+msgstr "bash_execute_unix_command: Kann nicht die Tastenzuordnung für das Kommando finden."
#: bashline.c:4058
#, c-format
#: builtins/declare.def:560 builtins/read.def:733
#, c-format
msgid "%s: cannot convert associative to indexed array"
-msgstr ""
-"%s: Konvertieren von assoziativen in indizierte Arrays ist nicht möglich."
+msgstr "%s: Konvertieren von assoziativen in indizierte Arrays ist nicht möglich."
#: builtins/enable.def:137 builtins/enable.def:145
msgid "dynamic loading not available"
#: builtins/help.def:182
#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"no help topics match `%s'. Try `help help' or `man -k %s' or `info %s'."
-msgstr ""
-"Auf `%s' trifft kein Hilfethema zu. Probieren Sie `help help', `man -k %s' "
-"oder `info %s'."
+msgid "no help topics match `%s'. Try `help help' or `man -k %s' or `info %s'."
+msgstr "Auf `%s' trifft kein Hilfethema zu. Probieren Sie `help help', `man -k %s' oder `info %s'."
#: builtins/help.def:199
#, c-format
" \twith its position in the stack\n"
" \n"
" Arguments:\n"
-" +N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown "
-"by\n"
+" +N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown by\n"
" \tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.\n"
" \n"
-" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown "
-"by\n"
+" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown by\n"
"\tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero."
msgstr ""
"Zeigt die Liste der gegenwärtig gespeicherten Verzeichnisse an. Durch\n"
#: builtins/return.def:75
msgid "can only `return' from a function or sourced script"
-msgstr ""
-"»Return« ist nur aus einer Funktion oder einem mit »source« ausgefühten "
-"Skript möglich."
+msgstr "»Return« ist nur aus einer Funktion oder einem mit »source« ausgefühten Skript möglich."
#: builtins/set.def:782
msgid "cannot simultaneously unset a function and a variable"
-msgstr ""
-"Gleichzeitiges `unset' einer Funktion und einer Variable ist nicht möglich."
+msgstr "Gleichzeitiges `unset' einer Funktion und einer Variable ist nicht möglich."
#: builtins/set.def:826
#, c-format
#: expr.c:976
msgid "identifier expected after pre-increment or pre-decrement"
-msgstr ""
-"Nach einem Präinkrement oder Prädekrement wird ein Bezeichner erwartet."
+msgstr "Nach einem Präinkrement oder Prädekrement wird ein Bezeichner erwartet."
#: expr.c:1002
msgid "missing `)'"
#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:801
msgid "malloc: block on free list clobbered"
-msgstr ""
-"Malloc: Ein frei gekennzeichneter Speicherbereich wurde überschrieben."
+msgstr "Malloc: Ein frei gekennzeichneter Speicherbereich wurde überschrieben."
#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:878
msgid "free: called with already freed block argument"
#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:1020
msgid "realloc: underflow detected; mh_nbytes out of range"
-msgstr ""
-"realloc: Underflow erkannt; mh_nbytes außerhalb des Gültigkeitsbereichs."
+msgstr "realloc: Underflow erkannt; mh_nbytes außerhalb des Gültigkeitsbereichs."
#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:1026
msgid "realloc: start and end chunk sizes differ"
#: lib/malloc/table.c:194
#, c-format
msgid "register_alloc: alloc table is full with FIND_ALLOC?\n"
-msgstr ""
-"register_alloc: Speicherzuordnungstabelle ist mit FIND_ALLOC gefüllt?\n"
+msgstr "register_alloc: Speicherzuordnungstabelle ist mit FIND_ALLOC gefüllt?\n"
#: lib/malloc/table.c:203
#, c-format
msgid "register_alloc: %p already in table as allocated?\n"
-msgstr ""
-"register_alloc: %p ist bereits in der Speicherzuordnungstabelle als belegt "
-"gekennzeichnet?\n"
+msgstr "register_alloc: %p ist bereits in der Speicherzuordnungstabelle als belegt gekennzeichnet?\n"
#: lib/malloc/table.c:256
#, c-format
msgid "register_free: %p already in table as free?\n"
-msgstr ""
-"register_free: %p ist bereits in der Speicherzuordnungstabelle als frei "
-"gekennzeichnet?\n"
+msgstr "register_free: %p ist bereits in der Speicherzuordnungstabelle als frei gekennzeichnet?\n"
#: lib/sh/fmtulong.c:102
msgid "invalid base"
#: make_cmd.c:662
#, c-format
msgid "here-document at line %d delimited by end-of-file (wanted `%s')"
-msgstr ""
-"Das in der Zeile %d beginnende Here-Dokument geht bis zum Dateiende "
-"(erwartet wird `%s')."
+msgstr "Das in der Zeile %d beginnende Here-Dokument geht bis zum Dateiende (erwartet wird `%s')."
#: make_cmd.c:759
#, c-format
#: shell.c:1835
msgid "\t-ilrsD or -c command or -O shopt_option\t\t(invocation only)\n"
-msgstr ""
-"\t-ilrsD oder -c Kommando\toder -O shopt_option (Nur Aufruf)\n"
+msgstr "\t-ilrsD oder -c Kommando\toder -O shopt_option (Nur Aufruf)\n"
#: shell.c:1850
#, c-format
msgstr "$%s: Kann so nicht zuweisen."
#: subst.c:7917
-msgid ""
-"future versions of the shell will force evaluation as an arithmetic "
-"substitution"
-msgstr ""
-"Zukünftige Versionen dieser Shell werden das Auswerten arithmetischer "
-"Ersetzungen erzwingen."
+msgid "future versions of the shell will force evaluation as an arithmetic substitution"
+msgstr "Zukünftige Versionen dieser Shell werden das Auswerten arithmetischer Ersetzungen erzwingen."
#: subst.c:8421
#, c-format
#: trap.c:375
#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"run_pending_traps: signal handler is SIG_DFL, resending %d (%s) to myself"
+msgid "run_pending_traps: signal handler is SIG_DFL, resending %d (%s) to myself"
msgstr ""
# Programmierfehler
msgstr "%s: %s: Kompatibilitätswert außerhalb des Gültigkeitsbereiches."
#: version.c:46
-#, fuzzy
msgid "Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr "Copyright (C) 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgstr "Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#: version.c:47 version2.c:47
-msgid ""
-"License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl."
-"html>\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Lizenz GPLv3+: GNU GPL Version 3 oder jünger <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl."
-"html>\n"
+msgid "License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>\n"
+msgstr "Lizenz GPLv3+: GNU GPL Version 3 oder jünger <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>\n"
#: version.c:86 version2.c:86
#, c-format
#: version.c:92 version2.c:92
msgid "There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law."
-msgstr ""
-"Für den größtmöglichen gesetzlich zulässigen Umfang wird jede Haftung "
-"ausgeschlossen."
+msgstr "Für den größtmöglichen gesetzlich zulässigen Umfang wird jede Haftung ausgeschlossen."
#: version2.c:46
msgid "Copyright (C) 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr "unalias [-a] Name [Name ...]"
#: builtins.c:51
-msgid ""
-"bind [-lpsvPSVX] [-m keymap] [-f filename] [-q name] [-u name] [-r keyseq] [-"
-"x keyseq:shell-command] [keyseq:readline-function or readline-command]"
+msgid "bind [-lpsvPSVX] [-m keymap] [-f filename] [-q name] [-u name] [-r keyseq] [-x keyseq:shell-command] [keyseq:readline-function or readline-command]"
msgstr ""
"bind [-lpsvPSVX] [-m Tastaturtabelle] [-f Dateiname] [-q Name] [-u\n"
-"Name] [-r Tastenfolge] [-x Tastenfolge:Shell Kommando] [Tastenfolge:readline "
-"Funktion oder Kommando]"
+"Name] [-r Tastenfolge] [-x Tastenfolge:Shell Kommando] [Tastenfolge:readline Funktion oder Kommando]"
#: builtins.c:54
msgid "break [n]"
msgstr "caller [Ausdruck]"
#: builtins.c:64
-#, fuzzy
msgid "cd [-L|[-P [-e]] [-@]] [dir]"
-msgstr "cd [-L|[-P [-e]]] [Verzeichnis]"
+msgstr "cd [-L|[-P [-e]] [-@]] [Verzeichnis]"
#: builtins.c:66
msgid "pwd [-LP]"
#: builtins.c:76
msgid "declare [-aAfFgilnrtux] [-p] [name[=value] ...]"
-msgstr "declare [-aAfFgilrntux] [-p] Name[=Wert] ..."
+msgstr "declare [-aAfFgilrntux] [-p] Variable[=Wert] ..."
#
#: builtins.c:78
#: builtins.c:103
msgid "fc [-e ename] [-lnr] [first] [last] or fc -s [pat=rep] [command]"
-msgstr ""
-"fc [-e Editor] [-lnr] [Anfang] [Ende] oder fc -s [Muster=Ersetzung] "
-"[Kommando]"
+msgstr "fc [-e Editor] [-lnr] [Anfang] [Ende] oder fc -s [Muster=Ersetzung] [Kommando]"
#: builtins.c:107
msgid "fg [job_spec]"
msgstr "help [-dms] [Muster ...]"
#: builtins.c:121
-msgid ""
-"history [-c] [-d offset] [n] or history -anrw [filename] or history -ps arg "
-"[arg...]"
-msgstr ""
-"history [-c] [-d Offset] [n] oder history -anrw [Dateiname] oder history -ps "
-"Argument [Argument...]"
+msgid "history [-c] [-d offset] [n] or history -anrw [filename] or history -ps arg [arg...]"
+msgstr "history [-c] [-d Offset] [n] oder history -anrw [Dateiname] oder history -ps Argument [Argument...]"
#: builtins.c:125
msgid "jobs [-lnprs] [jobspec ...] or jobs -x command [args]"
msgstr "disown [-h] [-ar] [Jobbezeichnung ...]"
#: builtins.c:132
-msgid ""
-"kill [-s sigspec | -n signum | -sigspec] pid | jobspec ... or kill -l "
-"[sigspec]"
-msgstr ""
-"kill [-s Signalname | -n Signalnummer | -Signalname] [pid | job] ... oder "
-"kill -l [Signalname]"
+msgid "kill [-s sigspec | -n signum | -sigspec] pid | jobspec ... or kill -l [sigspec]"
+msgstr "kill [-s Signalname | -n Signalnummer | -Signalname] [pid | job] ... oder kill -l [Signalname]"
#: builtins.c:134
msgid "let arg [arg ...]"
msgstr "let Argument [Argument ...]"
#: builtins.c:136
-msgid ""
-"read [-ers] [-a array] [-d delim] [-i text] [-n nchars] [-N nchars] [-p "
-"prompt] [-t timeout] [-u fd] [name ...]"
-msgstr ""
-"read [-ers] [-a Feld] [-d Begrenzer] [-i Text] [-n Zeichenanzahl] [-N "
-"Zeichenanzahl] [-p Prompt] [-t Zeitlimit] [-u fd] [Name ...]"
+msgid "read [-ers] [-a array] [-d delim] [-i text] [-n nchars] [-N nchars] [-p prompt] [-t timeout] [-u fd] [name ...]"
+msgstr "read [-ers] [-a Feld] [-d Begrenzer] [-i Text] [-n Zeichenanzahl] [-N Zeichenanzahl] [-p Prompt] [-t Zeitlimit] [-u fd] [Name ...]"
#: builtins.c:138
msgid "return [n]"
msgstr "case Wort in [Muster [| Muster]...) Kommandos ;;]... esac"
#: builtins.c:192
-msgid ""
-"if COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; [ elif COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; ]... [ else "
-"COMMANDS; ] fi"
-msgstr ""
-"if Kommandos; then Kommandos; [ elif Kommandos; then Kommandos; ]... [ else "
-"Kommandos; ] fi"
+msgid "if COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; [ elif COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; ]... [ else COMMANDS; ] fi"
+msgstr "if Kommandos; then Kommandos; [ elif Kommandos; then Kommandos; ]... [ else Kommandos; ] fi"
#: builtins.c:194
msgid "while COMMANDS; do COMMANDS; done"
msgstr "printf [-v var] Format [Argumente]"
#: builtins.c:229
-msgid ""
-"complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DE] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-"
-"W wordlist] [-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S "
-"suffix] [name ...]"
-msgstr ""
-"complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DE] [-o Option] [-A Aktion] [-G Suchmuster] "
-"[-W Wortliste] [-F Funktion] [-C Kommando] [-X Filtermuster] [-P Prefix] [-"
-"S Suffix] [Name ...]"
+msgid "complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DE] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] [-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [name ...]"
+msgstr "complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DE] [-o Option] [-A Aktion] [-G Suchmuster] [-W Wortliste] [-F Funktion] [-C Kommando] [-X Filtermuster] [-P Prefix] [-S Suffix] [Name ...]"
#: builtins.c:233
-msgid ""
-"compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] "
-"[-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [word]"
-msgstr ""
-"compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o Option] [-A Aktion] [-G Suchmuster] [-W "
-"Wortliste] [-F Funktion] [-C Kommando] [-X Filtermuster] [-P Prefix] [-S "
-"Suffix] [Wort]"
+msgid "compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] [-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [word]"
+msgstr "compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o Option] [-A Aktion] [-G Suchmuster] [-W Wortliste] [-F Funktion] [-C Kommando] [-X Filtermuster] [-P Prefix] [-S Suffix] [Wort]"
#: builtins.c:237
msgid "compopt [-o|+o option] [-DE] [name ...]"
msgstr "compopt [-o|+o Option] [-DE] [Name ...]"
#: builtins.c:240
-msgid ""
-"mapfile [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c "
-"quantum] [array]"
-msgstr ""
-"mapfile [-n Anzahl] [-O Quelle] [-s Anzahl] [-t] [-u fd] [-C Callback] [-c "
-"Menge] [Feldvariable]"
+msgid "mapfile [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c quantum] [array]"
+msgstr "mapfile [-n Anzahl] [-O Quelle] [-s Anzahl] [-t] [-u fd] [-C Callback] [-c Menge] [Feldvariable]"
#: builtins.c:242
-msgid ""
-"readarray [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c "
-"quantum] [array]"
-msgstr ""
-"readarray [-n Anzahl] [-O Quelle] [-s Anzahl] [-t] [-u fd] [-C Callback] [-c "
-"Menge] [Feldvariable]"
+msgid "readarray [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c quantum] [array]"
+msgstr "readarray [-n Anzahl] [-O Quelle] [-s Anzahl] [-t] [-u fd] [-C Callback] [-c Menge] [Feldvariable]"
# alias
#: builtins.c:254
" -p\tPrint all defined aliases in a reusable format\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" alias returns true unless a NAME is supplied for which no alias has "
-"been\n"
+" alias returns true unless a NAME is supplied for which no alias has been\n"
" defined."
msgstr ""
"Definiert Aliase oder zeigt sie an.\n"
" Options:\n"
" -m keymap Use KEYMAP as the keymap for the duration of this\n"
" command. Acceptable keymap names are emacs,\n"
-" emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-"
-"move,\n"
+" emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-move,\n"
" vi-command, and vi-insert.\n"
" -l List names of functions.\n"
" -P List function names and bindings.\n"
" -p List functions and bindings in a form that can be\n"
" reused as input.\n"
-" -S List key sequences that invoke macros and their "
-"values\n"
-" -s List key sequences that invoke macros and their "
-"values\n"
+" -S List key sequences that invoke macros and their values\n"
+" -s List key sequences that invoke macros and their values\n"
" in a form that can be reused as input.\n"
" -V List variable names and values\n"
" -v List variable names and values in a form that can\n"
" be reused as input.\n"
" -q function-name Query about which keys invoke the named function.\n"
-" -u function-name Unbind all keys which are bound to the named "
-"function.\n"
+" -u function-name Unbind all keys which are bound to the named function.\n"
" -r keyseq Remove the binding for KEYSEQ.\n"
" -f filename Read key bindings from FILENAME.\n"
" -x keyseq:shell-command\tCause SHELL-COMMAND to be executed when\n"
" re-read-init-file'.\n"
" \n"
" Optionen:\n"
-" -m Keymap Benutzt KEYMAP as Tastaturbelegung für die "
-"Laufzeit\n"
-" dieses Kommandos. Gültige Keymap Namen sind: "
-"emacs,\n"
-" emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-"
-"move,\n"
+" -m Keymap Benutzt KEYMAP as Tastaturbelegung für die Laufzeit\n"
+" dieses Kommandos. Gültige Keymap Namen sind: emacs,\n"
+" emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-move,\n"
" vi-command und vi-insert.\n"
" -l Listet Funktionsnamen auf.\n"
" -P Listet Funktionsnamen und Tastenzuordnungen auf.\n"
-" -p Listet Funktionsnamen und Tastenzuordnungen so "
-"auf,\n"
-" dass sie direkt als Eingabe verwendet werden "
-"können.\n"
-" -S Listet Tastenfolgen und deren Werte auf, die "
-"Makros \n"
+" -p Listet Funktionsnamen und Tastenzuordnungen so auf,\n"
+" dass sie direkt als Eingabe verwendet werden können.\n"
+" -S Listet Tastenfolgen und deren Werte auf, die Makros \n"
" aufrufen.\n"
-" -s Listet Tastenfolgen und deren Werte auf, die "
-"Makros \n"
-" aufrufen, dass sie als Eingabe wiederverwendet "
-"werden\n"
+" -s Listet Tastenfolgen und deren Werte auf, die Makros \n"
+" aufrufen, dass sie als Eingabe wiederverwendet werden\n"
" können.\n"
" -V Listet Variablennamen und Werte auf.\n"
-" -v Listet Variablennamen und Werte so auf, dass sie "
-"als\n"
+" -v Listet Variablennamen und Werte so auf, dass sie als\n"
" Eingabe verwendet werden können.\n"
" -q Funktionsname Sucht die Tastenfolgen, welche die angegebene\n"
" Funktion aufrufen.\n"
-" -u Funktionsname Entfernt alle der Funktion zugeordneten "
-"Tastenfolgen.\n"
-" -r Tastenfolge Entfernt die Zuweisungen der angegebeben "
-"Tastenfolge.\n"
-" -f Dateiname Liest die Tastenzuordnungen aus der angegebenen "
-"Datei.\n"
-" -x Tastenfolge:Shellkommando\tWeist der Tastenfolge das "
-"Shellkommando\n"
+" -u Funktionsname Entfernt alle der Funktion zugeordneten Tastenfolgen.\n"
+" -r Tastenfolge Entfernt die Zuweisungen der angegebeben Tastenfolge.\n"
+" -f Dateiname Liest die Tastenzuordnungen aus der angegebenen Datei.\n"
+" -x Tastenfolge:Shellkommando\tWeist der Tastenfolge das Shellkommando\n"
" \t\t\t\t\tzu.\n"
" -X Listet mit -x erzeugte\n"
" Tastenfolgen und deren Werte\n"
" auf, die Makros aufrufen, dass\n"
-" sie als Eingabe wiederverwendet "
-"werden\n"
+" sie als Eingabe wiederverwendet werden\n"
" können.\n"
" \n"
" Rückgabewert: \n"
" \n"
" Execute SHELL-BUILTIN with arguments ARGs without performing command\n"
" lookup. This is useful when you wish to reimplement a shell builtin\n"
-" as a shell function, but need to execute the builtin within the "
-"function.\n"
+" as a shell function, but need to execute the builtin within the function.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns the exit status of SHELL-BUILTIN, or false if SHELL-BUILTIN is\n"
# cd
#: builtins.c:385
-#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Change the shell working directory.\n"
" \n"
-" Change the current directory to DIR. The default DIR is the value of "
-"the\n"
+" Change the current directory to DIR. The default DIR is the value of the\n"
" HOME shell variable.\n"
" \n"
-" The variable CDPATH defines the search path for the directory "
-"containing\n"
-" DIR. Alternative directory names in CDPATH are separated by a colon "
-"(:).\n"
-" A null directory name is the same as the current directory. If DIR "
-"begins\n"
+" The variable CDPATH defines the search path for the directory containing\n"
+" DIR. Alternative directory names in CDPATH are separated by a colon (:).\n"
+" A null directory name is the same as the current directory. If DIR begins\n"
" with a slash (/), then CDPATH is not used.\n"
" \n"
-" If the directory is not found, and the shell option `cdable_vars' is "
-"set,\n"
-" the word is assumed to be a variable name. If that variable has a "
-"value,\n"
+" If the directory is not found, and the shell option `cdable_vars' is set,\n"
+" the word is assumed to be a variable name. If that variable has a value,\n"
" its value is used for DIR.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" \tof `..'\n"
" -e\tif the -P option is supplied, and the current working directory\n"
" \tcannot be determined successfully, exit with a non-zero status\n"
-" -@ on systems that support it, present a file with extended "
-"attributes\n"
+" -@ on systems that support it, present a file with extended attributes\n"
" as a directory containing the file attributes\n"
" \n"
" The default is to follow symbolic links, as if `-L' were specified.\n"
-" `..' is processed by removing the immediately previous pathname "
-"component\n"
+" `..' is processed by removing the immediately previous pathname component\n"
" back to a slash or the beginning of DIR.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns 0 if the directory is changed, and if $PWD is set successfully "
-"when\n"
+" Returns 0 if the directory is changed, and if $PWD is set successfully when\n"
" -P is used; non-zero otherwise."
msgstr ""
"Wechselt das Arbeitsverzeichnis.\n"
" \n"
-" Wechselt das aktuelle Abeitsverzeichnis zu DIR. Ohne Angabe eines\n"
+" Wechselt in das angegebene Abeitsverzeichnis. Ohne Angabe eines\n"
" Verzeichnisses wird in das Heimatverzeichnis gewechselt.\n"
" \n"
-" Die Variable CDPATH enthält den Suchpfad für das in DIR\n"
-" spezifizierte Verzeichnis. Die Pfadnamen werden durch Doppelpunkte\n"
-" »:« getrennt. Ein leerer Pfadname bezeichnet das aktuelle\n"
-" Verzeichnis. Wenn DIR mit einem Schrägstrich »/« beginnt, wird der\n"
-" CDPATH nicht durchsucht.\n"
+" Die Variable CDPATH gibt eine Liste von Orten an, in denen nach\n"
+" dem angegebeben Verzeichnisnamen gesucht wird. Die Pfadnamen\n"
+" werden durch Doppelpunkte »:« getrennt. Ein leerer Pfadname\n"
+" bezeichnet das aktuelle Verzeichnis. Wenn ein vollständiger\n"
+" Pfadname angegeben ist, wird der CDPATH nicht durchsucht.\n"
" \n"
" Wenn kein entsprechendes Verzeichnis gefunden wurde und die Shell\n"
-" Option `cdable_vars' gesetzt ist, dann wird angenommen, dass DIR\n"
-" einen Variablennamen enthält. Wenn dann noch diese Variable ein\n"
-" Wert besitzt, wird dieser als Inhalt von DIR verwendet.\n"
+" Option `cdable_vars' gesetzt ist, dann wird angenommen, dass der\n"
+" Verzeichnisname einen Variablennamen enthält. Wenn diese ein Wert\n"
+" besitzt, wird dieser als Verzeichnisname verwendet.\n"
" \n"
" Optionen:\n"
" -L\tErzwingt das symbolischen Verweisen gefolgt wird.\n"
" -e\tWenn mit der »-P« das aktuelle Arbeitsverzeichns nicht\n"
" ermittelt werden kann, wird ein Rückgabwert ungleich 0\n"
" geliefert.\n"
+" -@ Wenn es das System Unterstützt wird eine Datei mit \n"
+" erweiterten Attributen als ein Verzeichnis angezeigt,\n"
+" welches die erweiterten Attribute enthält.\n"
" \n"
" Standardmäßig wird symbolischen Verweisen gefolgt (Option -L).\n"
" Das übergeordnete Verzeichnis wird ermittelt, indem der\n"
" Rückgabewert:\n"
" Immer »falsch«."
+# command
#: builtins.c:468
msgid ""
"Execute a simple command or display information about commands.\n"
" \n"
" Runs COMMAND with ARGS suppressing shell function lookup, or display\n"
-" information about the specified COMMANDs. Can be used to invoke "
-"commands\n"
+" information about the specified COMMANDs. Can be used to invoke commands\n"
" on disk when a function with the same name exists.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns exit status of COMMAND, or failure if COMMAND is not found."
msgstr ""
+"Führt ein einfaches Kommando aus oder zeigt Informationen über Kommandos an.\n"
+"\n"
+" Führt das Kommando mit den angegebeneb Argumenten aus, ohne\n"
+" Shell-Funktion nachzuschlagen oder zeigt Informationen über die\n"
+" Kommandos an. Dadurch können auch dann Kommandos ausgeführt\n"
+" werden, wenn eine Shell-Funktion gleichen Namens existiert.\n"
+" \n"
+" Optionen:\n"
+" -p\tStandardwert für PATH verwenden. Dies garantiert, dass alle\n"
+" \t\tStandard-Dienstprogramme gefunden werden.\n"
+" -v\tBeschreibung des Kommandos ausgeben.\n"
+" \t\tÄhnlich dem eingebauten Kommando »type«.\n"
+" -V\tEine ausführlichere Beschreibung jedes Kommandos ausgeben.\n"
+" \n"
+" Rückgabewert:\n"
+" Gibt den Rückgabewert des Kommandos zurück, oder eine Fehlermeldung, wenn\n"
+" das Kommando nicht gefunden wird."
+# declare
#: builtins.c:487
msgid ""
"Set variable values and attributes.\n"
" Variables with the integer attribute have arithmetic evaluation (see\n"
" the `let' command) performed when the variable is assigned a value.\n"
" \n"
-" When used in a function, `declare' makes NAMEs local, as with the "
-"`local'\n"
+" When used in a function, `declare' makes NAMEs local, as with the `local'\n"
" command. The `-g' option suppresses this behavior.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or a variable\n"
" assignment error occurs."
msgstr ""
+"Setzt Variablenwerte und deren Attribute.\n"
+" \n"
+" Deklariert Variablen und weist ihnen Attribute zu. Wenn keine\n"
+" Namen angegeben sind, werden die Attribute und Werte aller\n"
+" Variablen ausgegeben.\n"
+" \n"
+" Optionen:\n"
+" -f\tZeigt nur Funktionsnamen und Definitionen an.\n"
+" -F\tZeigt nur Funktionsnamen an (inklusive Zeilennummer\n"
+" \t\tund Quelldatei beim debuggen).\n"
+" -g\tDeklariert innerhalb ener Shellfunktion globale\n"
+" Variablen; wird sonst ignoriert.\n"
+" -p\tZeigt die Attribute und Werte jeder angegebenen\n"
+" Variable an.\n"
+" \n"
+" Attribute setzen:\n"
+" -a\tDeklariert ein indiziertes Feld (wenn unterstützt).\n"
+" -A\tDeklariert ein assoziatives Feld (wenn unterstützt).\n"
+" -i\tDeklariert eine Integer Variable.\n"
+" -l\tKonvertiert die Variabennmamen in Kleinbuchstaben.\n"
+" -r\tDeklariert nur lesbare Variablen.\n"
+" -t\tWeist das »trace« Attibut zu.\n"
+" -u\tKonvertiert die Variablennamen in Großbuchstaben.\n"
+" -x\tExportiert die Variablen über die aktuelle Shell\n"
+" Umgebung hinaus.\n"
+" \n"
+" Das Voranstellen von »+« anstelle von »-« schaltet die gegebenen\n"
+" Attribute ab.\n"
+" \n"
+" Für Integer Variablen werden bei der Zuweisung arithmetische\n"
+" Berechnungen durchgeführt (siehe `help let').\n"
+" \n"
+" Innerhalb einer Funktion werden lokale Variablen erzeugt. Die\n"
+" Option »-g« unterdrückt dieses Verhalten.\n"
+" \n"
+" Rückgabewert:\n"
+" Gibt »Erfolg« zurück, außer eine ungültige Option wurde angegeben,\n"
+" oder ein Fehler trat auf."
#: builtins.c:527
msgid ""
" fehlerhaften Variablenzuweisung oder dem Aufruf außerhalb einer\n"
" Funktion."
+# echo
#: builtins.c:552
msgid ""
"Write arguments to the standard output.\n"
" \n"
-" Display the ARGs, separated by a single space character and followed by "
-"a\n"
+" Display the ARGs, separated by a single space character and followed by a\n"
" newline, on the standard output.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless a write error occurs."
msgstr ""
+"Ausgabe der Argumente auf die Standardausgabe.\n"
+" \n"
+" Zeigt die Argumente auf der Standardausgabe gefolgt von einem\n"
+" Zeilenumbruch an.\n"
+" \n"
+" Optionen:\n"
+" -n\tKeinen Zeilenumbruch anfügen\n"
+" -e\tInterpretation der folgenden Escape-Sequenzen zulassen\n"
+" -E\tKeine Interpretation der Escape-Sequenzen.\n"
+" \n"
+" »echo« interpretiert die folgenden Escape-Sequenzen:\n"
+" \\a\tAlarm (Glocke)\n"
+" \\b\tRücktaste (Backspace)\n"
+" \\c\tweitere Ausgabe unterdrücken\n"
+" \\e\tEscape-Zeichen\n"
+" \\E Escape Zeichen\n"
+" \\f\tSeitenvorschub\n"
+" \\n\tZeilenvorschub\n"
+" \\r\tWagenrücklauf\n"
+" \\t\tHorizontaler Tabulator\n"
+" \\v\tVertikaler Tabulator\n"
+" \\\\ umgekehrter Schrägstrich (Backslash)\n"
+" \\0nnn\tZeichen mit dem ASCII-Code »NNN« (oktal). »NNN« kann null\n"
+" \t\tbis drei oktale Ziffern haben.\n"
+" \\xHH\tAcht-Bit-Zeichen mit dem Wert »HH« (hexadezimal). »HH«\n"
+" \t\tkann ein oder zwei hexadezimale Ziffern haben.\n"
+" \n"
+" Rückgabewert:\n"
+" Gibt »Erfolg« zurück, außer ein Ausgabefehler tritt auf."
#: builtins.c:588
msgid ""
" Returns success unless a write error occurs."
msgstr ""
+# enable
#: builtins.c:603
msgid ""
"Enable and disable shell builtins.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless NAME is not a shell builtin or an error occurs."
msgstr ""
+"Eingebaute Shell-Kommandos aktivieren und deaktivieren.\n"
+" \n"
+" Aktiviert und deaktiviert eingebaute Shell-Kommandos. Die Deaktivierung\n"
+" erlaubt Ihnen, eigene Kommandos mit demselben Namen wie die eingebauten\n"
+" Kommandos zu nutzen, ohne den kompletten Pfad angeben zu müssen.\n"
+" \n"
+" Optionen:\n"
+" -a\tGibt eine Liste der eingebauten Kommandos aus inklusive der\n"
+" \t\tInformation, ob sie aktiv sind oder nicht.\n"
+"\n"
+" -n\tdeaktiviert jedes angegebene Kommando oder gibt eine\n"
+" Liste der deaktivierten eingebauten Kommandos aus.\n"
+" -p\tGibt eine Liste der eingebauten Kommandos in einem\n"
+" \t\twiederverwendbaren Format aus.\n"
+" -s\tGibt nur die Namen der »speziellen« in POSIX eingebauten\n"
+" \t\tKommandos aus.\n"
+" \n"
+" Optionen zum Beeinflussen des dynamischen Ladens:\n"
+" -f\tLade eingebautes Kommando aus der angegebenen Datei.\n"
+" -d\tEntfernt ein mit »-f« geladenes Kommando.\n"
+" \n"
+" Ohne Optionen wird jedes angegebe Kommando aktiviert.\n"
+" \n"
+" Um das unter $PATH liegende Kommando »test« anstelle der eingebauten\n"
+" Version zu nutzen, geben Sie »enable -n test« ein.\n"
+" \n"
+" Rückgabewert:\n"
+" Gibt »Erfolg« zurück, außer NAME ist kein eingebautes Kommando \n"
+" oder ein Fehler tritt auf."
#: builtins.c:631
msgid ""
"Execute arguments as a shell command.\n"
" \n"
-" Combine ARGs into a single string, use the result as input to the "
-"shell,\n"
+" Combine ARGs into a single string, use the result as input to the shell,\n"
" and execute the resulting commands.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Rückgabewert:\n"
" Der Status des Kommandoe oder Erfolg wenn das Kommando leer war."
+# getopts
#: builtins.c:643
msgid ""
"Parse option arguments.\n"
" Returns success if an option is found; fails if the end of options is\n"
" encountered or an error occurs."
msgstr ""
+"Analysieren von Optionsargumenten.\n"
+" \n"
+" Getopts wird von Shell-Prozeduren verwendet, um die\n"
+" Kommandozeilenoptionen auszuwerten.\n"
+" \n"
+" \"Optionen\" enthält die auszuwertenden Buchstaben. Ein Doppelpunkt\n"
+" nach dem Buchstaben zeigt an, dass ein Argument erwartet wird,\n"
+" welches durch ein Leerzeichen von der Option getrennt ist.\n"
+" \n"
+" Bei jedem Aufruf von »getopts« wird die nächste Option der\n"
+" $Variable zugewiesen. Diese wird angelegt, falls sie noch\n"
+" nicht existiert. Weiterhin wird der Indes Index des nächsten zu\n"
+" verarbeitenden Arguments der Shell-Variablen OPTIND\n"
+" zugewiesen. OPTIND wird bei jedem Aufruf einer Shell oder eines\n"
+" Shell-Skripts mit 1 initialisiert. Wenn eine Option ein Argument\n"
+" benötigt, wird dieses OPTARG zugewiesen.\n"
+" \n"
+" Für Fehlermeldungen gibt es zwei Varianten. Wenn das erste\n"
+" Zeichen des Optionsstrings ein Doppelpunkt ist, wird der stille\n"
+" Fehlermodus von »getopts« verwendet. In diesem Modus wird keine\n"
+" Fehlermeldung ausgegeben. Wenn eine ungültige Option erkannt wird,\n"
+" wird das gefundene Optionenzeichen OPTARG zugewiesen. Wenn ein\n"
+" benötigtes Argument fehlt, wird ein »:« der Variable zugewiesen\n"
+" und OPTARG auf das gefundene Optionenzeichen gesetzt. Im anderen\n"
+" Fehlermodus wird ein »?« der Variable zugewiesen, OPTARG geleert\n"
+" und eine Fehlermeldung ausgegeben.\n"
+" \n"
+" Wenn die Shell-Variable OPTERR den Wert »0« hat, werden durch getopts \n"
+" keine Fehlermeldungen ausgegeben, auch wenn das erste Zeichen \n"
+" von OPTSTRING kein Doppelpunkt ist. OPTERR hat den Vorgabewert »1«.\n"
+" \n"
+" Getopts analysiert normalerweise die von der Position abhängigen\n"
+" Parameter ($0 - $9). Aber wenn mehr Argumente angegeben sind,\n"
+" werden stattdessen diese analysiert.\n"
+" \n"
+" Rückgabewert:\n"
+" Gibt »Erfolg« zurück wenn eine Option gefunden wird und\n"
+" »gescheitert«, wenn das Ende der Optionen erreicht oder ein Fehler\n"
+" aufgetreten ist."
+# exec
#: builtins.c:685
msgid ""
"Replace the shell with the given command.\n"
" \n"
" Execute COMMAND, replacing this shell with the specified program.\n"
-" ARGUMENTS become the arguments to COMMAND. If COMMAND is not "
-"specified,\n"
+" ARGUMENTS become the arguments to COMMAND. If COMMAND is not specified,\n"
" any redirections take effect in the current shell.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -c\t\texecute COMMAND with an empty environment\n"
" -l\t\tplace a dash in the zeroth argument to COMMAND\n"
" \n"
-" If the command cannot be executed, a non-interactive shell exits, "
-"unless\n"
+" If the command cannot be executed, a non-interactive shell exits, unless\n"
" the shell option `execfail' is set.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless COMMAND is not found or a redirection error "
-"occurs."
+" Returns success unless COMMAND is not found or a redirection error occurs."
msgstr ""
+"Ersetzt die Shell durch das angegebene Kommando.\n"
+" \n"
+" Führt das angebebene Kommando einschließlich dessen Optionen aus\n"
+" und ersetzt durch dieses die Shell. Wenn kein Kommando angegeben\n"
+" ist, wirken alle Weiterleitungen für die aktuellen Shell.\n"
+" \n"
+" Optionen:\n"
+" -a Name\tSetzt den Namen als nulltes Argument für das Kommando.\n"
+" -c\tFührt das Kommando in einer leeren Umgebung aus.\n"
+" -l\tSetzt einen Strich als nulltes Argument für das Kommando.\n"
+" \n"
+" Wenn das Kommando nicht ausgeführt werden kann, wird eine nicht\n"
+" interaktive Shell beendet, außer die Shell-Option »execfail« ist\n"
+" gesetzt.\n"
+" \n"
+" Rückgabewert:\n"
+" Gibt »Erfolg« zurück, außer das Kommando wurde nicht gefunden oder\n"
+" ein Weiterleitungsfehler trat auf."
# exit
#: builtins.c:706
msgstr ""
"Beendet die aktuelle Shell.\n"
"\n"
-" Beendt die die aktuelle Shell mit dem Rückgabewert N. Wenn N nicht "
-"angegeben ist,\n"
+" Beendt die die aktuelle Shell mit dem Rückgabewert N. Wenn N nicht angegeben ist,\n"
" wird der Rückgabewert des letzten ausgeführten Kommandos übernommen."
+# logout
#: builtins.c:715
msgid ""
"Exit a login shell.\n"
" \n"
-" Exits a login shell with exit status N. Returns an error if not "
-"executed\n"
+" Exits a login shell with exit status N. Returns an error if not executed\n"
" in a login shell."
msgstr ""
+" Beendet eine Login-Shell.\n"
+" \n"
+" Beendet eine Login-Shell mit dem Rückgabewert »n«. Wenn logout\n"
+" nicht von einer Login-Shell aus ausgeführt wurde, wird ein Fehler\n"
+" zurückgegeben."
# fc
#: builtins.c:725
msgid ""
"Display or execute commands from the history list.\n"
" \n"
-" fc is used to list or edit and re-execute commands from the history "
-"list.\n"
+" fc is used to list or edit and re-execute commands from the history list.\n"
" FIRST and LAST can be numbers specifying the range, or FIRST can be a\n"
" string, which means the most recent command beginning with that\n"
" string.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
-" -e ENAME\tselect which editor to use. Default is FCEDIT, then "
-"EDITOR,\n"
+" -e ENAME\tselect which editor to use. Default is FCEDIT, then EDITOR,\n"
" \t\tthen vi\n"
" -l \tlist lines instead of editing\n"
" -n\tomit line numbers when listing\n"
" the last command.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success or status of executed command; non-zero if an error "
-"occurs."
+" Returns success or status of executed command; non-zero if an error occurs."
msgstr ""
#: builtins.c:755
msgid ""
"Move jobs to the background.\n"
" \n"
-" Place the jobs identified by each JOB_SPEC in the background, as if "
-"they\n"
-" had been started with `&'. If JOB_SPEC is not present, the shell's "
-"notion\n"
+" Place the jobs identified by each JOB_SPEC in the background, as if they\n"
+" had been started with `&'. If JOB_SPEC is not present, the shell's notion\n"
" of the current job is used.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
"Remember or display program locations.\n"
" \n"
" Determine and remember the full pathname of each command NAME. If\n"
-" no arguments are given, information about remembered commands is "
-"displayed.\n"
+" no arguments are given, information about remembered commands is displayed.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -d\t\tforget the remembered location of each NAME\n"
" PATTERN\tPattern specifiying a help topic\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless PATTERN is not found or an invalid option is "
-"given."
+" Returns success unless PATTERN is not found or an invalid option is given."
msgstr ""
#: builtins.c:833
" \n"
" If the $HISTTIMEFORMAT variable is set and not null, its value is used\n"
" as a format string for strftime(3) to print the time stamp associated\n"
-" with each displayed history entry. No time stamps are printed "
-"otherwise.\n"
+" with each displayed history entry. No time stamps are printed otherwise.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or an error occurs."
" Evaluate each ARG as an arithmetic expression. Evaluation is done in\n"
" fixed-width integers with no check for overflow, though division by 0\n"
" is trapped and flagged as an error. The following list of operators is\n"
-" grouped into levels of equal-precedence operators. The levels are "
-"listed\n"
+" grouped into levels of equal-precedence operators. The levels are listed\n"
" in order of decreasing precedence.\n"
" \n"
" \tid++, id--\tvariable post-increment, post-decrement\n"
"Read a line from the standard input and split it into fields.\n"
" \n"
" Reads a single line from the standard input, or from file descriptor FD\n"
-" if the -u option is supplied. The line is split into fields as with "
-"word\n"
+" if the -u option is supplied. The line is split into fields as with word\n"
" splitting, and the first word is assigned to the first NAME, the second\n"
" word to the second NAME, and so on, with any leftover words assigned to\n"
-" the last NAME. Only the characters found in $IFS are recognized as "
-"word\n"
+" the last NAME. Only the characters found in $IFS are recognized as word\n"
" delimiters.\n"
" \n"
-" If no NAMEs are supplied, the line read is stored in the REPLY "
-"variable.\n"
+" If no NAMEs are supplied, the line read is stored in the REPLY variable.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -a array\tassign the words read to sequential indices of the array\n"
" -n nchars\treturn after reading NCHARS characters rather than waiting\n"
" \t\tfor a newline, but honor a delimiter if fewer than NCHARS\n"
" \t\tcharacters are read before the delimiter\n"
-" -N nchars\treturn only after reading exactly NCHARS characters, "
-"unless\n"
+" -N nchars\treturn only after reading exactly NCHARS characters, unless\n"
" \t\tEOF is encountered or read times out, ignoring any delimiter\n"
" -p prompt\toutput the string PROMPT without a trailing newline before\n"
" \t\tattempting to read\n"
" -r\t\tdo not allow backslashes to escape any characters\n"
" -s\t\tdo not echo input coming from a terminal\n"
-" -t timeout\ttime out and return failure if a complete line of input "
-"is\n"
+" -t timeout\ttime out and return failure if a complete line of input is\n"
" \t\tnot read within TIMEOUT seconds. The value of the TMOUT\n"
" \t\tvariable is the default timeout. TIMEOUT may be a\n"
" \t\tfractional number. If TIMEOUT is 0, read returns immediately,\n"
" -u fd\t\tread from file descriptor FD instead of the standard input\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, read times "
-"out\n"
-" (in which case it's greater than 128), a variable assignment error "
-"occurs,\n"
+" The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, read times out\n"
+" (in which case it's greater than 128), a variable assignment error occurs,\n"
" or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as the argument to -u."
msgstr ""
" physical same as -P\n"
" pipefail the return value of a pipeline is the status of\n"
" the last command to exit with a non-zero status,\n"
-" or zero if no command exited with a non-zero "
-"status\n"
+" or zero if no command exited with a non-zero status\n"
" posix change the behavior of bash where the default\n"
" operation differs from the Posix standard to\n"
" match the standard\n"
" -n\ttreat each NAME as a name reference and unset the variable itself\n"
" \trather than the variable it references\n"
" \n"
-" Without options, unset first tries to unset a variable, and if that "
-"fails,\n"
+" Without options, unset first tries to unset a variable, and if that fails,\n"
" tries to unset a function.\n"
" \n"
" Some variables cannot be unset; also see `readonly'.\n"
"Set export attribute for shell variables.\n"
" \n"
" Marks each NAME for automatic export to the environment of subsequently\n"
-" executed commands. If VALUE is supplied, assign VALUE before "
-"exporting.\n"
+" executed commands. If VALUE is supplied, assign VALUE before exporting.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -f\trefer to shell functions\n"
" -a\trefer to indexed array variables\n"
" -A\trefer to associative array variables\n"
" -f\trefer to shell functions\n"
-" -p\tdisplay a list of all readonly variables or functions, depending "
-"on\n"
+" -p\tdisplay a list of all readonly variables or functions, depending on\n"
" whether or not the -f option is given\n"
" \n"
" An argument of `--' disables further option processing.\n"
" -x FILE True if the file is executable by you.\n"
" -O FILE True if the file is effectively owned by you.\n"
" -G FILE True if the file is effectively owned by your group.\n"
-" -N FILE True if the file has been modified since it was last "
-"read.\n"
+" -N FILE True if the file has been modified since it was last read.\n"
" \n"
" FILE1 -nt FILE2 True if file1 is newer than file2 (according to\n"
" modification date).\n"
" STRING1 != STRING2\n"
" True if the strings are not equal.\n"
" STRING1 < STRING2\n"
-" True if STRING1 sorts before STRING2 "
-"lexicographically.\n"
+" True if STRING1 sorts before STRING2 lexicographically.\n"
" STRING1 > STRING2\n"
" True if STRING1 sorts after STRING2 lexicographically.\n"
" \n"
" \n"
" -o OPTION True if the shell option OPTION is enabled.\n"
" -v VAR\t True if the shell variable VAR is set\n"
-" -R VAR\t True if the shell variable VAR is set and is a name "
-"reference.\n"
+" -R VAR\t True if the shell variable VAR is set and is a name reference.\n"
" ! EXPR True if expr is false.\n"
" EXPR1 -a EXPR2 True if both expr1 AND expr2 are true.\n"
" EXPR1 -o EXPR2 True if either expr1 OR expr2 is true.\n"
msgid ""
"Display process times.\n"
" \n"
-" Prints the accumulated user and system times for the shell and all of "
-"its\n"
+" Prints the accumulated user and system times for the shell and all of its\n"
" child processes.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
msgid ""
"Trap signals and other events.\n"
" \n"
-" Defines and activates handlers to be run when the shell receives "
-"signals\n"
+" Defines and activates handlers to be run when the shell receives signals\n"
" or other conditions.\n"
" \n"
" ARG is a command to be read and executed when the shell receives the\n"
" value. If ARG is the null string each SIGNAL_SPEC is ignored by the\n"
" shell and by the commands it invokes.\n"
" \n"
-" If a SIGNAL_SPEC is EXIT (0) ARG is executed on exit from the shell. "
-"If\n"
-" a SIGNAL_SPEC is DEBUG, ARG is executed before every simple command. "
-"If\n"
-" a SIGNAL_SPEC is RETURN, ARG is executed each time a shell function or "
-"a\n"
-" script run by the . or source builtins finishes executing. A "
-"SIGNAL_SPEC\n"
-" of ERR means to execute ARG each time a command's failure would cause "
-"the\n"
+" If a SIGNAL_SPEC is EXIT (0) ARG is executed on exit from the shell. If\n"
+" a SIGNAL_SPEC is DEBUG, ARG is executed before every simple command. If\n"
+" a SIGNAL_SPEC is RETURN, ARG is executed each time a shell function or a\n"
+" script run by the . or source builtins finishes executing. A SIGNAL_SPEC\n"
+" of ERR means to execute ARG each time a command's failure would cause the\n"
" shell to exit when the -e option is enabled.\n"
" \n"
-" If no arguments are supplied, trap prints the list of commands "
-"associated\n"
+" If no arguments are supplied, trap prints the list of commands associated\n"
" with each signal.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -l\tprint a list of signal names and their corresponding numbers\n"
" -p\tdisplay the trap commands associated with each SIGNAL_SPEC\n"
" \n"
-" Each SIGNAL_SPEC is either a signal name in <signal.h> or a signal "
-"number.\n"
+" Each SIGNAL_SPEC is either a signal name in <signal.h> or a signal number.\n"
" Signal names are case insensitive and the SIG prefix is optional. A\n"
" signal may be sent to the shell with \"kill -signal $$\".\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless a SIGSPEC is invalid or an invalid option is "
-"given."
+" Returns success unless a SIGSPEC is invalid or an invalid option is given."
msgstr ""
#: builtins.c:1386
" NAME\tCommand name to be interpreted.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success if all of the NAMEs are found; fails if any are not "
-"found."
+" Returns success if all of the NAMEs are found; fails if any are not found."
msgstr ""
#: builtins.c:1417
msgid ""
"Modify shell resource limits.\n"
" \n"
-" Provides control over the resources available to the shell and "
-"processes\n"
+" Provides control over the resources available to the shell and processes\n"
" it creates, on systems that allow such control.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
msgid ""
"Wait for job completion and return exit status.\n"
" \n"
-" Waits for each process identified by an ID, which may be a process ID or "
-"a\n"
+" Waits for each process identified by an ID, which may be a process ID or a\n"
" job specification, and reports its termination status. If ID is not\n"
" given, waits for all currently active child processes, and the return\n"
-" status is zero. If ID is a a job specification, waits for all "
-"processes\n"
+" status is zero. If ID is a a job specification, waits for all processes\n"
" in that job's pipeline.\n"
" \n"
" If the -n option is supplied, waits for the next job to terminate and\n"
msgid ""
"Wait for process completion and return exit status.\n"
" \n"
-" Waits for each process specified by a PID and reports its termination "
-"status.\n"
+" Waits for each process specified by a PID and reports its termination status.\n"
" If PID is not given, waits for all currently active child processes,\n"
" and the return status is zero. PID must be a process ID.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns the status of the last PID; fails if PID is invalid or an "
-"invalid\n"
+" Returns the status of the last PID; fails if PID is invalid or an invalid\n"
" option is given."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Execute commands based on conditional.\n"
" \n"
-" The `if COMMANDS' list is executed. If its exit status is zero, then "
-"the\n"
-" `then COMMANDS' list is executed. Otherwise, each `elif COMMANDS' list "
-"is\n"
+" The `if COMMANDS' list is executed. If its exit status is zero, then the\n"
+" `then COMMANDS' list is executed. Otherwise, each `elif COMMANDS' list is\n"
" executed in turn, and if its exit status is zero, the corresponding\n"
-" `then COMMANDS' list is executed and the if command completes. "
-"Otherwise,\n"
-" the `else COMMANDS' list is executed, if present. The exit status of "
-"the\n"
-" entire construct is the exit status of the last command executed, or "
-"zero\n"
+" `then COMMANDS' list is executed and the if command completes. Otherwise,\n"
+" the `else COMMANDS' list is executed, if present. The exit status of the\n"
+" entire construct is the exit status of the last command executed, or zero\n"
" if no condition tested true.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
"Define shell function.\n"
" \n"
" Create a shell function named NAME. When invoked as a simple command,\n"
-" NAME runs COMMANDs in the calling shell's context. When NAME is "
-"invoked,\n"
+" NAME runs COMMANDs in the calling shell's context. When NAME is invoked,\n"
" the arguments are passed to the function as $1...$n, and the function's\n"
" name is in $FUNCNAME.\n"
" \n"
" Returns the status of the resumed job."
msgstr ""
+# (( ))
#: builtins.c:1699
msgid ""
"Evaluate arithmetic expression.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns 1 if EXPRESSION evaluates to 0; returns 0 otherwise."
msgstr ""
+"Wertet arithmetische Ausdrücke aus.\n"
+"\n"
+" Der Ausdruck wird nach den Regeln für arithmetische\n"
+" Berechnungen ausgewertet. Diese Schreibweise entspricht \"let\n"
+" Ausdruck\".\n"
+"\n"
+" Rückgabewert: \n"
+" Gibt »1« zurück, wenn die Auswertung des letzten Arguments Null\n"
+" ergibt, sonst »0«."
#: builtins.c:1711
msgid ""
"Execute conditional command.\n"
" \n"
-" Returns a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the "
-"conditional\n"
-" expression EXPRESSION. Expressions are composed of the same primaries "
-"used\n"
-" by the `test' builtin, and may be combined using the following "
-"operators:\n"
+" Returns a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the conditional\n"
+" expression EXPRESSION. Expressions are composed of the same primaries used\n"
+" by the `test' builtin, and may be combined using the following operators:\n"
" \n"
" ( EXPRESSION )\tReturns the value of EXPRESSION\n"
" ! EXPRESSION\t\tTrue if EXPRESSION is false; else false\n"
" Anzahl EOF Zeichen (Ctrl-D) abgewartet, bis die Shell\n"
" verlassen wird. Der Vorgabewert ist 10. Ist IGNOREEOF\n"
" nicht gesetzt, signalisiert EOF das Ende der Eingabe.\n"
-" MACHTYPE Eine Zeichenkette die das aktuell laufende System "
-"beschreibt.\n"
+" MACHTYPE Eine Zeichenkette die das aktuell laufende System beschreibt.\n"
" MAILCHECK\tZeit in s, nach der nach E-Mail gesehen wird.\n"
" MAILPATH\tEine durch Doppelpunkt getrennte Liste von Dateinamen,\n"
" die nach E-Mail durchsucht werden.\n"
" -befindet.\n"
" \n"
"\n"
-" DIR\tLegt DIR auf die Spitze des Verzeichnisstapels und wechselt "
-"dorthin.\n"
+" DIR\tLegt DIR auf die Spitze des Verzeichnisstapels und wechselt dorthin.\n"
"\n"
" Der Verzeichnisstapel kann mit dem Kommando `dirs' angezeigt\n"
" werden.\n"
" \twith its position in the stack\n"
" \n"
" Arguments:\n"
-" +N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown "
-"by\n"
+" +N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown by\n"
" \tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.\n"
" \n"
-" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown "
-"by\n"
+" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown by\n"
" \tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
"Set and unset shell options.\n"
" \n"
" Change the setting of each shell option OPTNAME. Without any option\n"
-" arguments, list all shell options with an indication of whether or not "
-"each\n"
+" arguments, list all shell options with an indication of whether or not each\n"
" is set.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" eine ungültige Option angegeben wurde oder eine Option deaktiviert\n"
" worden ist, wird Fehler zurückgegeben."
+# formatf
#: builtins.c:1908
msgid ""
"Formats and prints ARGUMENTS under control of the FORMAT.\n"
" -v var\tassign the output to shell variable VAR rather than\n"
" \t\tdisplay it on the standard output\n"
" \n"
-" FORMAT is a character string which contains three types of objects: "
-"plain\n"
-" characters, which are simply copied to standard output; character "
-"escape\n"
+" FORMAT is a character string which contains three types of objects: plain\n"
+" characters, which are simply copied to standard output; character escape\n"
" sequences, which are converted and copied to the standard output; and\n"
-" format specifications, each of which causes printing of the next "
-"successive\n"
+" format specifications, each of which causes printing of the next successive\n"
" argument.\n"
" \n"
-" In addition to the standard format specifications described in "
-"printf(1),\n"
+" In addition to the standard format specifications described in printf(1),\n"
" printf interprets:\n"
" \n"
" %b\texpand backslash escape sequences in the corresponding argument\n"
" %q\tquote the argument in a way that can be reused as shell input\n"
-" %(fmt)T output the date-time string resulting from using FMT as a "
-"format\n"
+" %(fmt)T output the date-time string resulting from using FMT as a format\n"
" string for strftime(3)\n"
" \n"
" The format is re-used as necessary to consume all of the arguments. If\n"
" there are fewer arguments than the format requires, extra format\n"
-" specifications behave as if a zero value or null string, as "
-"appropriate,\n"
+" specifications behave as if a zero value or null string, as appropriate,\n"
" had been supplied.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or a write or "
-"assignment\n"
+" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or a write or assignment\n"
" error occurs."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Specify how arguments are to be completed by Readline.\n"
" \n"
-" For each NAME, specify how arguments are to be completed. If no "
-"options\n"
-" are supplied, existing completion specifications are printed in a way "
-"that\n"
+" For each NAME, specify how arguments are to be completed. If no options\n"
+" are supplied, existing completion specifications are printed in a way that\n"
" allows them to be reused as input.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
"Display possible completions depending on the options.\n"
" \n"
" Intended to be used from within a shell function generating possible\n"
-" completions. If the optional WORD argument is supplied, matches "
-"against\n"
+" completions. If the optional WORD argument is supplied, matches against\n"
" WORD are generated.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
msgid ""
"Modify or display completion options.\n"
" \n"
-" Modify the completion options for each NAME, or, if no NAMEs are "
-"supplied,\n"
-" the completion currently being executed. If no OPTIONs are given, "
-"print\n"
-" the completion options for each NAME or the current completion "
-"specification.\n"
+" Modify the completion options for each NAME, or, if no NAMEs are supplied,\n"
+" the completion currently being executed. If no OPTIONs are given, print\n"
+" the completion options for each NAME or the current completion specification.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" \t-o option\tSet completion option OPTION for each NAME\n"
" have a completion specification defined."
msgstr ""
+# mapfile
#: builtins.c:2015
msgid ""
"Read lines from the standard input into an indexed array variable.\n"
" \n"
-" Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable "
-"ARRAY, or\n"
-" from file descriptor FD if the -u option is supplied. The variable "
-"MAPFILE\n"
+" Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable ARRAY, or\n"
+" from file descriptor FD if the -u option is supplied. The variable MAPFILE\n"
" is the default ARRAY.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
-" -n count\tCopy at most COUNT lines. If COUNT is 0, all lines are "
-"copied.\n"
-" -O origin\tBegin assigning to ARRAY at index ORIGIN. The default "
-"index is 0.\n"
+" -n count\tCopy at most COUNT lines. If COUNT is 0, all lines are copied.\n"
+" -O origin\tBegin assigning to ARRAY at index ORIGIN. The default index is 0.\n"
" -s count \tDiscard the first COUNT lines read.\n"
" -t\t\tRemove a trailing newline from each line read.\n"
-" -u fd\t\tRead lines from file descriptor FD instead of the standard "
-"input.\n"
+" -u fd\t\tRead lines from file descriptor FD instead of the standard input.\n"
" -C callback\tEvaluate CALLBACK each time QUANTUM lines are read.\n"
-" -c quantum\tSpecify the number of lines read between each call to "
-"CALLBACK.\n"
+" -c quantum\tSpecify the number of lines read between each call to CALLBACK.\n"
" \n"
" Arguments:\n"
" ARRAY\t\tArray variable name to use for file data.\n"
" element to be assigned and the line to be assigned to that element\n"
" as additional arguments.\n"
" \n"
-" If not supplied with an explicit origin, mapfile will clear ARRAY "
-"before\n"
+" If not supplied with an explicit origin, mapfile will clear ARRAY before\n"
" assigning to it.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or ARRAY is readonly "
-"or\n"
+" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or ARRAY is readonly or\n"
" not an indexed array."
msgstr ""
+# readarray
#: builtins.c:2049
msgid ""
"Read lines from a file into an array variable.\n"
# Esperanto language file for GNU Bash.
# Copyright (C) 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
# This file is distributed under the same license as the bash package.
-# Sergio Pokrovskij <sergio.pokrovskij@gmail.com>, 1998, 2006, 2009, 2011, 2013.
+# Sergio Pokrovskij <sergio.pokrovskij@gmail.com>, 1998, 2006, 2009, 2011, 2014.
#
-# -*- eval: (po-consider-source-path "~/Documents/Eo/gnu/Trn-18n/bash/bash-4.3-beta/builtins"); -*-
-# -*- eval: (po-consider-source-path "~/Documents/Eo/gnu/Trn-18n/bash/bash-4.3-beta"); -*-
+# -*- eval: (po-consider-source-path "~/Documents/Eo/Work/i18n/bash-4.3-rc2/builtins"); -*-
+# -*- eval: (po-consider-source-path "~/Documents/Eo/Work/i18n/bash-4.3-rc2"); -*-
# Stilaj notoj:
-# Angulaj citiloj limigas «plurajn vortojn»,
+# La angulaj citiloj limigas «plurajn vortojn»,
# 99-66 estas la citiloj de „unuvortaĵo‟
#
-# La mesaĝojn pri internaj eraroj (markitajn per XXX) probable
-# malnecesas traduki.
+# La mesaĝojn pri internaj eraroj (markitajn per XXX) probable malnecesas traduki.
#
# ---- Glosaro:
-# associative array asocitabelo (info "(bash)Arrays")
-# callback retrovoko
-# to force ... per superforto
-# granted jesigita
-# here-document tuj-dokumento (info "(bash)Redirections")
-# indexed array entjerindica tabelo (info "(bash)Arrays")
-# positional parameter numerparametro ($1 ...) (info "(bash)Positional Parameters")
-# resolve (symbolic links) elnodigi
-# special builtin speciala komando (info "(coreutils)Special built-in utilities")
-# substitution anstataŭigo (info "(bash)Shell Expansions")
-# unset malvalorizi (variablon); malaktivigi, malŝalti (opcion, nomon)
+# associative array asocitabelo (info "(bash)Arrays")
+# brace expansion vinkulmalvolvo
+# callback retrovoko
+# extended file attributes kromatributoj (de dosiero)
+# to force ... per superforto
+# granted jesigita
+# here-document tuj-dokumento (info "(bash)Redirections")
+# indexed array entjerindica tabelo (info "(bash)Arrays")
+# positional parameter numerparametro ($1 ...) (info "(bash)Positional Parameters")
+# resolve (symbolic links) elnodigi
+# special builtin speciala komando (info "(coreutils)Special built-in utilities")
+# substitution anstataŭigo (info "(bash)Shell Expansions")
+# unset malvalorizi (variablon); malaktivigi, malŝalti (opcion, nomon)
msgid ""
msgstr ""
-"Project-Id-Version: GNU bash 4.3-pre2\n"
+"Project-Id-Version: GNU bash 4.3-rc2\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-01-23 16:04-0500\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2013-08-24 14:35+0700\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-01-31 20:06+0700\n"
"Last-Translator: Sergio Pokrovskij <sergio.pokrovskij@gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Esperanto <translation-team-eo@lists.sourceforge.net>\n"
"Language: eo\n"
msgid "%s: missing colon separator"
msgstr "%s: Mankas disiga dupunkto"
+# XXX: internal_error
#: braces.c:321
#, c-format
msgid "brace expansion: cannot allocate memory for %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "vinkulmalvolvo: Maleblas memorhavigo por %s"
+# XXX: internal_error
#: braces.c:413
#, c-format
msgid "brace expansion: failed to allocate memory for %d elements"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "vinkulmalvolvo: Fiaskis memorhavigo por %d elementoj"
+# XXX: internal_error
#: braces.c:452
#, c-format
msgid "brace expansion: failed to allocate memory for `%s'"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "vinkulmalvolvo: Fiaskis memorhavigo por %s"
#: builtins/alias.def:132
#, c-format
#: builtins/help.def:182
#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"no help topics match `%s'. Try `help help' or `man -k %s' or `info %s'."
+msgid "no help topics match `%s'. Try `help help' or `man -k %s' or `info %s'."
msgstr ""
"Helpaĵo pri „%s‟ malestas.\n"
"Provu «help help» aŭ «man -k %s» aŭ «info %s»."
msgid "warning: %s: %s"
msgstr "Averto: %s: %s"
+# XXX: internal_error
#: builtins/printf.def:768
#, c-format
msgid "format parsing problem: %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Miso ĉe analizado de formato: %s"
#: builtins/printf.def:865
msgid "missing hex digit for \\x"
" \twith its position in the stack\n"
" \n"
" Arguments:\n"
-" +N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown "
-"by\n"
+" +N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown by\n"
" \tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.\n"
" \n"
-" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown "
-"by\n"
+" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown by\n"
"\tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero."
msgstr ""
"Listigu la kurantan dosierujstakon. La dosierujoj trafas en\n"
#: builtins/return.def:75
msgid "can only `return' from a function or sourced script"
-msgstr ""
-"„return‟ sencas nur en funkcio aŭ punkte vokita („.‟, „source‟) skripto"
+msgstr "„return‟ sencas nur en funkcio aŭ punkte vokita („.‟, „source‟) skripto"
#: builtins/set.def:782
msgid "cannot simultaneously unset a function and a variable"
# XXX: internal warning:
#: subst.c:7917
-msgid ""
-"future versions of the shell will force evaluation as an arithmetic "
-"substitution"
-msgstr ""
-"Ontaj versioj de la ŝelo plenumos komputon kiel aritmetikan anstataŭigon"
+msgid "future versions of the shell will force evaluation as an arithmetic substitution"
+msgstr "Ontaj versioj de la ŝelo plenumos komputon kiel aritmetikan anstataŭigon"
#: subst.c:8421
#, c-format
# XXX: internal_warning
#: trap.c:375
#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"run_pending_traps: signal handler is SIG_DFL, resending %d (%s) to myself"
+msgid "run_pending_traps: signal handler is SIG_DFL, resending %d (%s) to myself"
msgstr "run_pending_traps: Signaltraktilo SIG_DFL resendas %d (%s) al mi mem"
#: trap.c:428
msgstr "%d estas tro granda ŝelnivelo; mallevita ĝis 1"
#: variables.c:1865
-#, fuzzy, c-format
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: circular name reference"
-msgstr "%s: Misa variablonomo por nomreferenco"
+msgstr "%s: Cikla nomreferenco"
# XXX: internal_error
#: variables.c:2228
# XXX: internal_error
#: variables.c:4344
msgid "pop_var_context: head of shell_variables not a function context"
-msgstr ""
-"pop_var_context: La kapo de „shell_variables‟ ne estas funkcia kunteksto"
+msgstr "pop_var_context: La kapo de „shell_variables‟ ne estas funkcia kunteksto"
# XXX: internal_error
#: variables.c:4357
msgstr "%s: %s kongruo-nivelo estas ekster sia variejo"
#: version.c:46
-#, fuzzy
msgid "Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr "Copyright (C) 2012 ĉe «Free Software Foundation, Inc.»"
#: version.c:47 version2.c:47
-msgid ""
-"License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl."
-"html>\n"
+msgid "License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>\n"
msgstr ""
"La permesilo estas GPLv3+; t.e. GNU GPL, versio 3ª aŭ pli nova.\n"
"La tekston vd ĉe <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>\n"
msgstr "unalias [-a] NOMO [NOMO ...]"
#: builtins.c:51
-msgid ""
-"bind [-lpsvPSVX] [-m keymap] [-f filename] [-q name] [-u name] [-r keyseq] [-"
-"x keyseq:shell-command] [keyseq:readline-function or readline-command]"
+msgid "bind [-lpsvPSVX] [-m keymap] [-f filename] [-q name] [-u name] [-r keyseq] [-x keyseq:shell-command] [keyseq:readline-function or readline-command]"
msgstr ""
"bind [-lpsvPSVX] [-m KLAVARTABELO] [-f DOSIERNOMO] [-q NOMO]\n"
" [-u NOMO] [-r KLAVAĴO] [-x KLAVAĴO:ŜELKOMANDO]\n"
msgstr "caller [ESPRIMO]"
#: builtins.c:64
-#, fuzzy
msgid "cd [-L|[-P [-e]] [-@]] [dir]"
-msgstr "cd [-L|[-P [-e]]] [DOSIERUJO]"
+msgstr "cd [-L|[-P [-e]] [-@]] [DOSIERUJO]"
#: builtins.c:66
msgid "pwd [-LP]"
#: builtins.c:78
msgid "typeset [-aAfFgilrtux] [-p] name[=value] ..."
-msgstr "typeset [-aAfFilrtux] [-p] NOMO[=VALORO] ..."
+msgstr "typeset [-aAfFgilrtux] [-p] NOMO[=VALORO] ..."
#: builtins.c:80
msgid "local [option] name[=value] ..."
msgstr "help [-dms] [ŜABLONO ...]"
#: builtins.c:121
-msgid ""
-"history [-c] [-d offset] [n] or history -anrw [filename] or history -ps arg "
-"[arg...]"
+msgid "history [-c] [-d offset] [n] or history -anrw [filename] or history -ps arg [arg...]"
msgstr ""
"history [-c] [-d DEŜOVO] [n] aŭ\n"
"history -awr [DOSIERNOMO] aŭ\n"
msgstr "disown [-h] [-ar] [LABORINDIKO ...]"
#: builtins.c:132
-msgid ""
-"kill [-s sigspec | -n signum | -sigspec] pid | jobspec ... or kill -l "
-"[sigspec]"
+msgid "kill [-s sigspec | -n signum | -sigspec] pid | jobspec ... or kill -l [sigspec]"
msgstr ""
"kill [-s SIGSNOM | -n SIGNUM | -SIGNOM] [PN | LABORINDIKO] ... aŭ\n"
"kill -l [SIGNOM]"
msgstr "let ARG [ARG ...]"
#: builtins.c:136
-msgid ""
-"read [-ers] [-a array] [-d delim] [-i text] [-n nchars] [-N nchars] [-p "
-"prompt] [-t timeout] [-u fd] [name ...]"
+msgid "read [-ers] [-a array] [-d delim] [-i text] [-n nchars] [-N nchars] [-p prompt] [-t timeout] [-u fd] [name ...]"
msgstr ""
"read [-ers] [-a TABELO] [-d DISIG] [-i TEKSTO]\n"
" [-n NSIGN] [-N NSIGN] [-p INVIT] [-t TLIM]\n"
msgstr "case VORTO in [ŜABLONO [| ŜABLONO]...) KOMANDOJ ;;]... esac"
#: builtins.c:192
-msgid ""
-"if COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; [ elif COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; ]... [ else "
-"COMMANDS; ] fi"
-msgstr ""
-"if KOMANDOJ; then KOMANDOJ; [ elif KOMANDOJ; then KOMANDOJ; ]... [ else "
-"KOMANDOJ; ] fi"
+msgid "if COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; [ elif COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; ]... [ else COMMANDS; ] fi"
+msgstr "if KOMANDOJ; then KOMANDOJ; [ elif KOMANDOJ; then KOMANDOJ; ]... [ else KOMANDOJ; ] fi"
#: builtins.c:194
msgid "while COMMANDS; do COMMANDS; done"
msgstr "printf [-v VAR] FORMATO [ARGUMENTOJ]"
#: builtins.c:229
-msgid ""
-"complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DE] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-"
-"W wordlist] [-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S "
-"suffix] [name ...]"
+msgid "complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DE] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] [-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [name ...]"
msgstr ""
"complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DE] [-o OPCIO] [-A AGO] [-G GLOBŜAB]\n"
" [-W VORTLISTO] [-F FUNKCIO] [-C KOMANDO] [-X FILTROŜAB]\n"
-" [-P PREFIKSO] [-S SUFFIKSO] [NOMO ...]"
+" [-P PREFIKSO] [-S SUFIKSO] [NOMO ...]"
#: builtins.c:233
-msgid ""
-"compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] "
-"[-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [word]"
+msgid "compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] [-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [word]"
msgstr ""
-"compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o OPCIO] [-A AGO] [-G GLOBŜAB] [-W vORTLISTO] [-"
-"F FUNKCIO] [-C KOMANDO] [-X FILTROŜAB] [-P PREFIKSO] [-S SUFFIKSO] [VORTO]"
+"compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o OPCIO] [-A AGO] [-G GLOBŜAB]\n"
+" [-W VORTLISTO] [-F FUNKCIO] [-C KOMANDO] [-X FILTROŜAB]\n"
+" [-P PREFIKSO] [-S SUFIKSO] [VORTO]"
#: builtins.c:237
msgid "compopt [-o|+o option] [-DE] [name ...]"
msgstr "compopt [-o|+o OPCIO] [-DE] [NOMO ...]"
#: builtins.c:240
-msgid ""
-"mapfile [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c "
-"quantum] [array]"
+msgid "mapfile [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c quantum] [array]"
msgstr ""
-"mapfile [-n NOMBRILO] [-O ORIGINO] [-s NOMBRILO] [-t] [-u DN] [-C RETROVOKO] "
-"[-c KVANTO] [TABELO]"
+"mapfile [-n NOMBRILO] [-O ORIGINO] [-s NOMBRILO] [-t] [-u DN]\n"
+" [-C RETROVOKO] [-c KVANTO] [TABELO]"
#: builtins.c:242
-msgid ""
-"readarray [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c "
-"quantum] [array]"
+msgid "readarray [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c quantum] [array]"
msgstr ""
-"readarray [-n NOMBRILO] [-O ORIGINO] [-s NOMBRILO] [-t] [-u DN] [-C "
-"RETROVOKO] [-c KVANTO] [TABELO]"
+"readarray [-n NOMBRILO] [-O ORIGINO] [-s NOMBRILO] [-t] [-u DN]\n"
+" [-C RETROVOKO] [-c KVANTO] [TABELO]"
# alias:
#: builtins.c:254
" -p\tPrint all defined aliases in a reusable format\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" alias returns true unless a NAME is supplied for which no alias has "
-"been\n"
+" alias returns true unless a NAME is supplied for which no alias has been\n"
" defined."
msgstr ""
"Difinu aŭ listigu alinomojn.\n"
" Options:\n"
" -m keymap Use KEYMAP as the keymap for the duration of this\n"
" command. Acceptable keymap names are emacs,\n"
-" emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-"
-"move,\n"
+" emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-move,\n"
" vi-command, and vi-insert.\n"
" -l List names of functions.\n"
" -P List function names and bindings.\n"
" -p List functions and bindings in a form that can be\n"
" reused as input.\n"
-" -S List key sequences that invoke macros and their "
-"values\n"
-" -s List key sequences that invoke macros and their "
-"values\n"
+" -S List key sequences that invoke macros and their values\n"
+" -s List key sequences that invoke macros and their values\n"
" in a form that can be reused as input.\n"
" -V List variable names and values\n"
" -v List variable names and values in a form that can\n"
" be reused as input.\n"
" -q function-name Query about which keys invoke the named function.\n"
-" -u function-name Unbind all keys which are bound to the named "
-"function.\n"
+" -u function-name Unbind all keys which are bound to the named function.\n"
" -r keyseq Remove the binding for KEYSEQ.\n"
" -f filename Read key bindings from FILENAME.\n"
" -x keyseq:shell-command\tCause SHELL-COMMAND to be executed when\n"
" \n"
" Execute SHELL-BUILTIN with arguments ARGs without performing command\n"
" lookup. This is useful when you wish to reimplement a shell builtin\n"
-" as a shell function, but need to execute the builtin within the "
-"function.\n"
+" as a shell function, but need to execute the builtin within the function.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns the exit status of SHELL-BUILTIN, or false if SHELL-BUILTIN is\n"
# cd:
#: builtins.c:385
-#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Change the shell working directory.\n"
" \n"
-" Change the current directory to DIR. The default DIR is the value of "
-"the\n"
+" Change the current directory to DIR. The default DIR is the value of the\n"
" HOME shell variable.\n"
" \n"
-" The variable CDPATH defines the search path for the directory "
-"containing\n"
-" DIR. Alternative directory names in CDPATH are separated by a colon "
-"(:).\n"
-" A null directory name is the same as the current directory. If DIR "
-"begins\n"
+" The variable CDPATH defines the search path for the directory containing\n"
+" DIR. Alternative directory names in CDPATH are separated by a colon (:).\n"
+" A null directory name is the same as the current directory. If DIR begins\n"
" with a slash (/), then CDPATH is not used.\n"
" \n"
-" If the directory is not found, and the shell option `cdable_vars' is "
-"set,\n"
-" the word is assumed to be a variable name. If that variable has a "
-"value,\n"
+" If the directory is not found, and the shell option `cdable_vars' is set,\n"
+" the word is assumed to be a variable name. If that variable has a value,\n"
" its value is used for DIR.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" \tof `..'\n"
" -e\tif the -P option is supplied, and the current working directory\n"
" \tcannot be determined successfully, exit with a non-zero status\n"
-" -@ on systems that support it, present a file with extended "
-"attributes\n"
+" -@ on systems that support it, present a file with extended attributes\n"
" as a directory containing the file attributes\n"
" \n"
" The default is to follow symbolic links, as if `-L' were specified.\n"
-" `..' is processed by removing the immediately previous pathname "
-"component\n"
+" `..' is processed by removing the immediately previous pathname component\n"
" back to a slash or the beginning of DIR.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns 0 if the directory is changed, and if $PWD is set successfully "
-"when\n"
+" Returns 0 if the directory is changed, and if $PWD is set successfully when\n"
" -P is used; non-zero otherwise."
msgstr ""
"Ŝanĝu la kurantan laboran dosierujon de la ŝelo.\n"
"\n"
" Opcioj:\n"
" -L\tlaŭu simbolajn Ligilojn: en DOSIERUJO, traktu la aperojn de\n"
-" „..“ antaŭ ol elnodigi la simbolajn ligilojn.\n"
+"\t„..“ antaŭ ol elnodigi la simbolajn ligilojn\n"
" -P\tuzu la Fizikan strukturon de dosierujoj, elnodiginte simbolajn\n"
-" ligilojn de DOSIERUJO antaŭ ol trakti la aperojn de „..“.\n"
-" -e eliru kun nenula elirstato se „-P‟ ĉeestas kaj la\n"
-" kuranta dosierujo ne estas determinebla.\n"
+"\tligilojn de DOSIERUJO antaŭ ol trakti la aperojn de „..“\n"
+" -e\teliru kun nenula elirstato se „-P‟ ĉeestas kaj la\n"
+"\tkuranta dosierujo ne estas determinebla\n"
+" -@\tse la operaciumo tion ebligas, prezentu dosieron posedantan\n"
+"\tkromatributojn kiel dosierujon entenatan la dosieratributojn\n"
"\n"
" Defaŭlte la simbolaj ligiloj estas laŭataj, kvazaŭ „-L‟ ĉeestus.\n"
" La traktado de „..“ konsistas en forigo de la ĵus-antaŭa vojnoma\n"
"Execute a simple command or display information about commands.\n"
" \n"
" Runs COMMAND with ARGS suppressing shell function lookup, or display\n"
-" information about the specified COMMANDs. Can be used to invoke "
-"commands\n"
+" information about the specified COMMANDs. Can be used to invoke commands\n"
" on disk when a function with the same name exists.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" Elirstato:\n"
" Tiu de KOMANDO; aŭ malsukceso, se KOMANDO ne troveblas."
-# declare [-afFirtx] [-p] [name[=value] ...]
-# declare [-aAfFilrtux] [-p] [NOMO[=VALORO] ...]
+# declare [-aAfFgilnrtux] [-p] [name[=value] ...]
+# declare [-aAfFgilnrtux] [-p] [NOMO[=VALORO] ...]
#: builtins.c:487
msgid ""
"Set variable values and attributes.\n"
" Variables with the integer attribute have arithmetic evaluation (see\n"
" the `let' command) performed when the variable is assigned a value.\n"
" \n"
-" When used in a function, `declare' makes NAMEs local, as with the "
-"`local'\n"
+" When used in a function, `declare' makes NAMEs local, as with the `local'\n"
" command. The `-g' option suppresses this behavior.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" komando „local‟. La opcio „-g‟ ĉi tiun efikon abolas.\n"
"\n"
" Eliistato:\n"
-" Sukceso, krom se aperas misa opcio aŭ okazas eraro ĉe valorizo de "
-"variablo."
+" Sukceso, krom se aperas misa opcio aŭ okazas eraro ĉe valorizo de variablo."
-# typeset [-aAfFilrtux] [-p] name[=value] ...
+# typeset [-aAfFgilrtux] [-p] name[=value] ...
#: builtins.c:527
msgid ""
"Set variable values and attributes.\n"
msgid ""
"Write arguments to the standard output.\n"
" \n"
-" Display the ARGs, separated by a single space character and followed by "
-"a\n"
+" Display the ARGs, separated by a single space character and followed by a\n"
" newline, on the standard output.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
msgid ""
"Execute arguments as a shell command.\n"
" \n"
-" Combine ARGs into a single string, use the result as input to the "
-"shell,\n"
+" Combine ARGs into a single string, use the result as input to the shell,\n"
" and execute the resulting commands.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
"Replace the shell with the given command.\n"
" \n"
" Execute COMMAND, replacing this shell with the specified program.\n"
-" ARGUMENTS become the arguments to COMMAND. If COMMAND is not "
-"specified,\n"
+" ARGUMENTS become the arguments to COMMAND. If COMMAND is not specified,\n"
" any redirections take effect in the current shell.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -c\t\texecute COMMAND with an empty environment\n"
" -l\t\tplace a dash in the zeroth argument to COMMAND\n"
" \n"
-" If the command cannot be executed, a non-interactive shell exits, "
-"unless\n"
+" If the command cannot be executed, a non-interactive shell exits, unless\n"
" the shell option `execfail' is set.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless COMMAND is not found or a redirection error "
-"occurs."
+" Returns success unless COMMAND is not found or a redirection error occurs."
msgstr ""
"Anstataŭigu la ŝelon je la donita komando\n"
"\n"
msgid ""
"Exit a login shell.\n"
" \n"
-" Exits a login shell with exit status N. Returns an error if not "
-"executed\n"
+" Exits a login shell with exit status N. Returns an error if not executed\n"
" in a login shell."
msgstr ""
"Adiaŭ, saluta ŝelo!\n"
msgid ""
"Display or execute commands from the history list.\n"
" \n"
-" fc is used to list or edit and re-execute commands from the history "
-"list.\n"
+" fc is used to list or edit and re-execute commands from the history list.\n"
" FIRST and LAST can be numbers specifying the range, or FIRST can be a\n"
" string, which means the most recent command beginning with that\n"
" string.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
-" -e ENAME\tselect which editor to use. Default is FCEDIT, then "
-"EDITOR,\n"
+" -e ENAME\tselect which editor to use. Default is FCEDIT, then EDITOR,\n"
" \t\tthen vi\n"
" -l \tlist lines instead of editing\n"
" -n\tomit line numbers when listing\n"
" the last command.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success or status of executed command; non-zero if an error "
-"occurs."
+" Returns success or status of executed command; non-zero if an error occurs."
msgstr ""
"Eligu aŭ plenumu komandojn el la historilisto\n"
"\n"
msgid ""
"Move jobs to the background.\n"
" \n"
-" Place the jobs identified by each JOB_SPEC in the background, as if "
-"they\n"
-" had been started with `&'. If JOB_SPEC is not present, the shell's "
-"notion\n"
+" Place the jobs identified by each JOB_SPEC in the background, as if they\n"
+" had been started with `&'. If JOB_SPEC is not present, the shell's notion\n"
" of the current job is used.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
# hash [-lr] [-p VOJNOMO] [-dt] [NOMO ...]
#: builtins.c:784
-#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Remember or display program locations.\n"
" \n"
" Determine and remember the full pathname of each command NAME. If\n"
-" no arguments are given, information about remembered commands is "
-"displayed.\n"
+" no arguments are given, information about remembered commands is displayed.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -d\t\tforget the remembered location of each NAME\n"
" PATTERN\tPattern specifiying a help topic\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless PATTERN is not found or an invalid option is "
-"given."
+" Returns success unless PATTERN is not found or an invalid option is given."
msgstr ""
"Vidigu informon pri prmitivaj komandoj\n"
"\n"
" \n"
" If the $HISTTIMEFORMAT variable is set and not null, its value is used\n"
" as a format string for strftime(3) to print the time stamp associated\n"
-" with each displayed history entry. No time stamps are printed "
-"otherwise.\n"
+" with each displayed history entry. No time stamps are printed otherwise.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or an error occurs."
" Evaluate each ARG as an arithmetic expression. Evaluation is done in\n"
" fixed-width integers with no check for overflow, though division by 0\n"
" is trapped and flagged as an error. The following list of operators is\n"
-" grouped into levels of equal-precedence operators. The levels are "
-"listed\n"
+" grouped into levels of equal-precedence operators. The levels are listed\n"
" in order of decreasing precedence.\n"
" \n"
" \tid++, id--\tvariable post-increment, post-decrement\n"
"Read a line from the standard input and split it into fields.\n"
" \n"
" Reads a single line from the standard input, or from file descriptor FD\n"
-" if the -u option is supplied. The line is split into fields as with "
-"word\n"
+" if the -u option is supplied. The line is split into fields as with word\n"
" splitting, and the first word is assigned to the first NAME, the second\n"
" word to the second NAME, and so on, with any leftover words assigned to\n"
-" the last NAME. Only the characters found in $IFS are recognized as "
-"word\n"
+" the last NAME. Only the characters found in $IFS are recognized as word\n"
" delimiters.\n"
" \n"
-" If no NAMEs are supplied, the line read is stored in the REPLY "
-"variable.\n"
+" If no NAMEs are supplied, the line read is stored in the REPLY variable.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -a array\tassign the words read to sequential indices of the array\n"
" -n nchars\treturn after reading NCHARS characters rather than waiting\n"
" \t\tfor a newline, but honor a delimiter if fewer than NCHARS\n"
" \t\tcharacters are read before the delimiter\n"
-" -N nchars\treturn only after reading exactly NCHARS characters, "
-"unless\n"
+" -N nchars\treturn only after reading exactly NCHARS characters, unless\n"
" \t\tEOF is encountered or read times out, ignoring any delimiter\n"
" -p prompt\toutput the string PROMPT without a trailing newline before\n"
" \t\tattempting to read\n"
" -r\t\tdo not allow backslashes to escape any characters\n"
" -s\t\tdo not echo input coming from a terminal\n"
-" -t timeout\ttime out and return failure if a complete line of input "
-"is\n"
+" -t timeout\ttime out and return failure if a complete line of input is\n"
" \t\tnot read within TIMEOUT seconds. The value of the TMOUT\n"
" \t\tvariable is the default timeout. TIMEOUT may be a\n"
" \t\tfractional number. If TIMEOUT is 0, read returns immediately,\n"
" -u fd\t\tread from file descriptor FD instead of the standard input\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, read times "
-"out\n"
-" (in which case it's greater than 128), a variable assignment error "
-"occurs,\n"
+" The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, read times out\n"
+" (in which case it's greater than 128), a variable assignment error occurs,\n"
" or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as the argument to -u."
msgstr ""
"Legu linion el la ĉefenigujo kaj disigu ĝin en kampojn\n"
" physical same as -P\n"
" pipefail the return value of a pipeline is the status of\n"
" the last command to exit with a non-zero status,\n"
-" or zero if no command exited with a non-zero "
-"status\n"
+" or zero if no command exited with a non-zero status\n"
" posix change the behavior of bash where the default\n"
" operation differs from the Posix standard to\n"
" match the standard\n"
" -n\ttreat each NAME as a name reference and unset the variable itself\n"
" \trather than the variable it references\n"
" \n"
-" Without options, unset first tries to unset a variable, and if that "
-"fails,\n"
+" Without options, unset first tries to unset a variable, and if that fails,\n"
" tries to unset a function.\n"
" \n"
" Some variables cannot be unset; also see `readonly'.\n"
"Set export attribute for shell variables.\n"
" \n"
" Marks each NAME for automatic export to the environment of subsequently\n"
-" executed commands. If VALUE is supplied, assign VALUE before "
-"exporting.\n"
+" executed commands. If VALUE is supplied, assign VALUE before exporting.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -f\trefer to shell functions\n"
" Elirstato:\n"
" Sukceso, krom se aperis nevalida NOMO aŭ misa opcio."
-# readonly [-af] [name[=value] ...] or readonly -p
+# readonly [-aAf] [name[=value] ...] or readonly -p
# readonly [-aAf] [NOMO[=VALORO] ...] aŭ readonly -p
#: builtins.c:1167
-#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Mark shell variables as unchangeable.\n"
" \n"
" -a\trefer to indexed array variables\n"
" -A\trefer to associative array variables\n"
" -f\trefer to shell functions\n"
-" -p\tdisplay a list of all readonly variables or functions, depending "
-"on\n"
+" -p\tdisplay a list of all readonly variables or functions, depending on\n"
" whether or not the -f option is given\n"
" \n"
" An argument of `--' disables further option processing.\n"
" -a\ttemas pri entjerindica tabelo indikita per plursignifa NOMO\n"
" -A\ttemas pri la asocitabela signifo de plursignifa NOMO\n"
" -f\ttemas pri la ŝelfunkcia signifo de plursignifa NOMO\n"
-" -p\teligu ĉiujn nurlegajn variablojn kaj funkciojn\n"
+" -p\teligu ĉiujn nurlegajn variablojn aŭ funkciojn, depende je\n"
+" tio, ĉu la opcio „-f“ estas aldonita\n"
"\n"
" La opcio „--‟ ĉesigas pluan opcitraktadon.\n"
"\n"
" -x FILE True if the file is executable by you.\n"
" -O FILE True if the file is effectively owned by you.\n"
" -G FILE True if the file is effectively owned by your group.\n"
-" -N FILE True if the file has been modified since it was last "
-"read.\n"
+" -N FILE True if the file has been modified since it was last read.\n"
" \n"
" FILE1 -nt FILE2 True if file1 is newer than file2 (according to\n"
" modification date).\n"
" STRING1 != STRING2\n"
" True if the strings are not equal.\n"
" STRING1 < STRING2\n"
-" True if STRING1 sorts before STRING2 "
-"lexicographically.\n"
+" True if STRING1 sorts before STRING2 lexicographically.\n"
" STRING1 > STRING2\n"
" True if STRING1 sorts after STRING2 lexicographically.\n"
" \n"
" \n"
" -o OPTION True if the shell option OPTION is enabled.\n"
" -v VAR\t True if the shell variable VAR is set\n"
-" -R VAR\t True if the shell variable VAR is set and is a name "
-"reference.\n"
+" -R VAR\t True if the shell variable VAR is set and is a name reference.\n"
" ! EXPR True if expr is false.\n"
" EXPR1 -a EXPR2 True if both expr1 AND expr2 are true.\n"
" EXPR1 -o EXPR2 True if either expr1 OR expr2 is true.\n"
msgid ""
"Display process times.\n"
" \n"
-" Prints the accumulated user and system times for the shell and all of "
-"its\n"
+" Prints the accumulated user and system times for the shell and all of its\n"
" child processes.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
msgid ""
"Trap signals and other events.\n"
" \n"
-" Defines and activates handlers to be run when the shell receives "
-"signals\n"
+" Defines and activates handlers to be run when the shell receives signals\n"
" or other conditions.\n"
" \n"
" ARG is a command to be read and executed when the shell receives the\n"
" value. If ARG is the null string each SIGNAL_SPEC is ignored by the\n"
" shell and by the commands it invokes.\n"
" \n"
-" If a SIGNAL_SPEC is EXIT (0) ARG is executed on exit from the shell. "
-"If\n"
-" a SIGNAL_SPEC is DEBUG, ARG is executed before every simple command. "
-"If\n"
-" a SIGNAL_SPEC is RETURN, ARG is executed each time a shell function or "
-"a\n"
-" script run by the . or source builtins finishes executing. A "
-"SIGNAL_SPEC\n"
-" of ERR means to execute ARG each time a command's failure would cause "
-"the\n"
+" If a SIGNAL_SPEC is EXIT (0) ARG is executed on exit from the shell. If\n"
+" a SIGNAL_SPEC is DEBUG, ARG is executed before every simple command. If\n"
+" a SIGNAL_SPEC is RETURN, ARG is executed each time a shell function or a\n"
+" script run by the . or source builtins finishes executing. A SIGNAL_SPEC\n"
+" of ERR means to execute ARG each time a command's failure would cause the\n"
" shell to exit when the -e option is enabled.\n"
" \n"
-" If no arguments are supplied, trap prints the list of commands "
-"associated\n"
+" If no arguments are supplied, trap prints the list of commands associated\n"
" with each signal.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -l\tprint a list of signal names and their corresponding numbers\n"
" -p\tdisplay the trap commands associated with each SIGNAL_SPEC\n"
" \n"
-" Each SIGNAL_SPEC is either a signal name in <signal.h> or a signal "
-"number.\n"
+" Each SIGNAL_SPEC is either a signal name in <signal.h> or a signal number.\n"
" Signal names are case insensitive and the SIG prefix is optional. A\n"
" signal may be sent to the shell with \"kill -signal $$\".\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless a SIGSPEC is invalid or an invalid option is "
-"given."
+" Returns success unless a SIGSPEC is invalid or an invalid option is given."
msgstr ""
"Kaptu signalojn kaj aliajn eventojn\n"
"\n"
" NAME\tCommand name to be interpreted.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success if all of the NAMEs are found; fails if any are not "
-"found."
+" Returns success if all of the NAMEs are found; fails if any are not found."
msgstr ""
"Vidigu informon pri tipo de komando\n"
"\n"
msgid ""
"Modify shell resource limits.\n"
" \n"
-" Provides control over the resources available to the shell and "
-"processes\n"
+" Provides control over the resources available to the shell and processes\n"
" it creates, on systems that allow such control.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
msgid ""
"Wait for job completion and return exit status.\n"
" \n"
-" Waits for each process identified by an ID, which may be a process ID or "
-"a\n"
+" Waits for each process identified by an ID, which may be a process ID or a\n"
" job specification, and reports its termination status. If ID is not\n"
" given, waits for all currently active child processes, and the return\n"
-" status is zero. If ID is a a job specification, waits for all "
-"processes\n"
+" status is zero. If ID is a a job specification, waits for all processes\n"
" in that job's pipeline.\n"
" \n"
" If the -n option is supplied, waits for the next job to terminate and\n"
msgid ""
"Wait for process completion and return exit status.\n"
" \n"
-" Waits for each process specified by a PID and reports its termination "
-"status.\n"
+" Waits for each process specified by a PID and reports its termination status.\n"
" If PID is not given, waits for all currently active child processes,\n"
" and the return status is zero. PID must be a process ID.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns the status of the last PID; fails if PID is invalid or an "
-"invalid\n"
+" Returns the status of the last PID; fails if PID is invalid or an invalid\n"
" option is given."
msgstr ""
"Atendu ke procezoj finiĝu, kaj liveru elirstaton\n"
msgid ""
"Execute commands based on conditional.\n"
" \n"
-" The `if COMMANDS' list is executed. If its exit status is zero, then "
-"the\n"
-" `then COMMANDS' list is executed. Otherwise, each `elif COMMANDS' list "
-"is\n"
+" The `if COMMANDS' list is executed. If its exit status is zero, then the\n"
+" `then COMMANDS' list is executed. Otherwise, each `elif COMMANDS' list is\n"
" executed in turn, and if its exit status is zero, the corresponding\n"
-" `then COMMANDS' list is executed and the if command completes. "
-"Otherwise,\n"
-" the `else COMMANDS' list is executed, if present. The exit status of "
-"the\n"
-" entire construct is the exit status of the last command executed, or "
-"zero\n"
+" `then COMMANDS' list is executed and the if command completes. Otherwise,\n"
+" the `else COMMANDS' list is executed, if present. The exit status of the\n"
+" entire construct is the exit status of the last command executed, or zero\n"
" if no condition tested true.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
"Define shell function.\n"
" \n"
" Create a shell function named NAME. When invoked as a simple command,\n"
-" NAME runs COMMANDs in the calling shell's context. When NAME is "
-"invoked,\n"
+" NAME runs COMMANDs in the calling shell's context. When NAME is invoked,\n"
" the arguments are passed to the function as $1...$n, and the function's\n"
" name is in $FUNCNAME.\n"
" \n"
msgid ""
"Execute conditional command.\n"
" \n"
-" Returns a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the "
-"conditional\n"
-" expression EXPRESSION. Expressions are composed of the same primaries "
-"used\n"
-" by the `test' builtin, and may be combined using the following "
-"operators:\n"
+" Returns a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the conditional\n"
+" expression EXPRESSION. Expressions are composed of the same primaries used\n"
+" by the `test' builtin, and may be combined using the following operators:\n"
" \n"
" ( EXPRESSION )\tReturns the value of EXPRESSION\n"
" ! EXPRESSION\t\tTrue if EXPRESSION is false; else false\n"
" \twith its position in the stack\n"
" \n"
" Arguments:\n"
-" +N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown "
-"by\n"
+" +N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown by\n"
" \tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.\n"
" \n"
-" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown "
-"by\n"
+" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown by\n"
" \tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
"Set and unset shell options.\n"
" \n"
" Change the setting of each shell option OPTNAME. Without any option\n"
-" arguments, list all shell options with an indication of whether or not "
-"each\n"
+" arguments, list all shell options with an indication of whether or not each\n"
" is set.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -v var\tassign the output to shell variable VAR rather than\n"
" \t\tdisplay it on the standard output\n"
" \n"
-" FORMAT is a character string which contains three types of objects: "
-"plain\n"
-" characters, which are simply copied to standard output; character "
-"escape\n"
+" FORMAT is a character string which contains three types of objects: plain\n"
+" characters, which are simply copied to standard output; character escape\n"
" sequences, which are converted and copied to the standard output; and\n"
-" format specifications, each of which causes printing of the next "
-"successive\n"
+" format specifications, each of which causes printing of the next successive\n"
" argument.\n"
" \n"
-" In addition to the standard format specifications described in "
-"printf(1),\n"
+" In addition to the standard format specifications described in printf(1),\n"
" printf interprets:\n"
" \n"
" %b\texpand backslash escape sequences in the corresponding argument\n"
" %q\tquote the argument in a way that can be reused as shell input\n"
-" %(fmt)T output the date-time string resulting from using FMT as a "
-"format\n"
+" %(fmt)T output the date-time string resulting from using FMT as a format\n"
" string for strftime(3)\n"
" \n"
" The format is re-used as necessary to consume all of the arguments. If\n"
" there are fewer arguments than the format requires, extra format\n"
-" specifications behave as if a zero value or null string, as "
-"appropriate,\n"
+" specifications behave as if a zero value or null string, as appropriate,\n"
" had been supplied.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or a write or "
-"assignment\n"
+" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or a write or assignment\n"
" error occurs."
msgstr ""
"Aranĝu kaj eligu ARGUMENTOJn laŭ FORMATO.\n"
# complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DE] [-o OPCIO] [-A AGO] [-G GLOBŜAB]
# [-W VORTLISTO] [-F FUNKCIO] [-C KOMANDO] [-X FILTROŜAB]
-# [-P PREFIKSO] [-S SUFFIKSO] [NOMO ...]
+# [-P PREFIKSO] [-S SUFIKSO] [NOMO ...]
#: builtins.c:1942
msgid ""
"Specify how arguments are to be completed by Readline.\n"
" \n"
-" For each NAME, specify how arguments are to be completed. If no "
-"options\n"
-" are supplied, existing completion specifications are printed in a way "
-"that\n"
+" For each NAME, specify how arguments are to be completed. If no options\n"
+" are supplied, existing completion specifications are printed in a way that\n"
" allows them to be reused as input.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
# [-W wordlist] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [-X filterpat]
# [-F function] [-C command] [word]
# compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o OPCIO] [-A AGO] [-G GLOBŜAB]
-# [-W vORTLISTO] [-F FUNKCIO] [-C KOMANDO] [-X FILTROŜAB]
-# [-P PREFIKSO] [-S SUFFIKSO] [VORTO]
+# [-W VORTLISTO] [-F FUNKCIO] [-C KOMANDO] [-X FILTROŜAB]
+# [-P PREFIKSO] [-S SUFIKSO] [VORTO]
#: builtins.c:1970
msgid ""
"Display possible completions depending on the options.\n"
" \n"
" Intended to be used from within a shell function generating possible\n"
-" completions. If the optional WORD argument is supplied, matches "
-"against\n"
+" completions. If the optional WORD argument is supplied, matches against\n"
" WORD are generated.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
msgid ""
"Modify or display completion options.\n"
" \n"
-" Modify the completion options for each NAME, or, if no NAMEs are "
-"supplied,\n"
-" the completion currently being executed. If no OPTIONs are given, "
-"print\n"
-" the completion options for each NAME or the current completion "
-"specification.\n"
+" Modify the completion options for each NAME, or, if no NAMEs are supplied,\n"
+" the completion currently being executed. If no OPTIONs are given, print\n"
+" the completion options for each NAME or the current completion specification.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" \t-o option\tSet completion option OPTION for each NAME\n"
msgid ""
"Read lines from the standard input into an indexed array variable.\n"
" \n"
-" Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable "
-"ARRAY, or\n"
-" from file descriptor FD if the -u option is supplied. The variable "
-"MAPFILE\n"
+" Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable ARRAY, or\n"
+" from file descriptor FD if the -u option is supplied. The variable MAPFILE\n"
" is the default ARRAY.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
-" -n count\tCopy at most COUNT lines. If COUNT is 0, all lines are "
-"copied.\n"
-" -O origin\tBegin assigning to ARRAY at index ORIGIN. The default "
-"index is 0.\n"
+" -n count\tCopy at most COUNT lines. If COUNT is 0, all lines are copied.\n"
+" -O origin\tBegin assigning to ARRAY at index ORIGIN. The default index is 0.\n"
" -s count \tDiscard the first COUNT lines read.\n"
" -t\t\tRemove a trailing newline from each line read.\n"
-" -u fd\t\tRead lines from file descriptor FD instead of the standard "
-"input.\n"
+" -u fd\t\tRead lines from file descriptor FD instead of the standard input.\n"
" -C callback\tEvaluate CALLBACK each time QUANTUM lines are read.\n"
-" -c quantum\tSpecify the number of lines read between each call to "
-"CALLBACK.\n"
+" -c quantum\tSpecify the number of lines read between each call to CALLBACK.\n"
" \n"
" Arguments:\n"
" ARRAY\t\tArray variable name to use for file data.\n"
" element to be assigned and the line to be assigned to that element\n"
" as additional arguments.\n"
" \n"
-" If not supplied with an explicit origin, mapfile will clear ARRAY "
-"before\n"
+" If not supplied with an explicit origin, mapfile will clear ARRAY before\n"
" assigning to it.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or ARRAY is readonly "
-"or\n"
+" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or ARRAY is readonly or\n"
" not an indexed array."
msgstr ""
"Legu liniojn el la ĉefenigujo en tabelvariablon\n"
# Dutch translations for GNU bash.
-# Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# Copyright (C) 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
# This file is distributed under the same license as the bash package.
#
# "Sokol gore na nebu."
# om stilstaan en niet om finale opgave. Een alternatieve vertaling
# zou dus "Stilstand" kunnen zijn.
#
-# Benno Schulenberg <benno@vertaalt.nl>, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2011, 2013.
+# Benno Schulenberg <benno@vertaalt.nl>, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2011, 2013, 2014.
# Erwin Poeze <erwin.poeze@gmail.com>, 2009.
# Julie Vermeersch <julie@lambda1.be>, 2004.
# Erick Branderhorst <branderh@iaehv.nl>, 1996.
msgid ""
msgstr ""
-"Project-Id-Version: bash-4.3-pre2\n"
+"Project-Id-Version: bash-4.3-rc2\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-01-23 16:04-0500\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2013-08-15 22:31+0200\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-01-30 21:31+0100\n"
"Last-Translator: Benno Schulenberg <benno@vertaalt.nl>\n"
"Language-Team: Dutch <vertaling@vrijschrift.org>\n"
"Language: nl\n"
#: bashline.c:3971
msgid "bash_execute_unix_command: cannot find keymap for command"
-msgstr ""
-"bash_execute_unix_command(): kan voor opdracht geen toetsenkaart vinden"
+msgstr "bash_execute_unix_command(): kan voor opdracht geen toetsenkaart vinden"
#: bashline.c:4058
#, c-format
#: braces.c:321
#, c-format
msgid "brace expansion: cannot allocate memory for %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "accoladevervanging: onvoldoende geheugen beschikbaar voor %s"
#: braces.c:413
#, c-format
msgid "brace expansion: failed to allocate memory for %d elements"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "accoladevervanging: onvoldoende geheugen beschikbaar voor %d elementen"
#: braces.c:452
#, c-format
msgid "brace expansion: failed to allocate memory for `%s'"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "accoladevervanging: onvoldoende geheugen beschikbaar voor '%s'"
#: builtins/alias.def:132
#, c-format
#: builtins/help.def:182
#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"no help topics match `%s'. Try `help help' or `man -k %s' or `info %s'."
+msgid "no help topics match `%s'. Try `help help' or `man -k %s' or `info %s'."
msgstr ""
"Er is geen hulptekst voor '%s'.\n"
"Probeer 'help help' of 'man -k %s' of 'info %s'."
"Hieronder staan alle interne shell-opdrachten opgesomd. Typ 'help' om dit\n"
"overzicht opnieuw te zien. Typ 'help naam' voor meer informatie over de\n"
"opdracht met die naam. Typ 'info bash' voor gedetailleerde informatie over\n"
-"de gehele shell. En gebruik 'man -k ...' of 'info ...' voor meer "
-"informatie\n"
+"de gehele shell. En gebruik 'man -k ...' of 'info ...' voor meer informatie\n"
"over andere opdrachten.\n"
"\n"
-"(Een sterretje (*) naast een naam betekent dat de functie uitgeschakeld "
-"is.)\n"
+"(Een sterretje (*) naast een naam betekent dat de functie uitgeschakeld is.)\n"
"\n"
#: builtins/history.def:154
#: builtins/printf.def:768
#, c-format
msgid "format parsing problem: %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "probleem bij ontleden van opmaak: %s"
#: builtins/printf.def:865
msgid "missing hex digit for \\x"
" \twith its position in the stack\n"
" \n"
" Arguments:\n"
-" +N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown "
-"by\n"
+" +N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown by\n"
" \tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.\n"
" \n"
-" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown "
-"by\n"
+" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown by\n"
"\tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero."
msgstr ""
"Toont de huidige lijst van onthouden mappen. Mappen worden aan deze\n"
#: builtins/return.def:75
msgid "can only `return' from a function or sourced script"
-msgstr ""
-"kan alleen een 'return' doen uit een functie of een uit script aangeroepen "
-"met 'source'"
+msgstr "kan alleen een 'return' doen uit een functie of een uit script aangeroepen met 'source'"
#: builtins/set.def:782
msgid "cannot simultaneously unset a function and a variable"
#: input.c:269
#, c-format
msgid "cannot allocate new file descriptor for bash input from fd %d"
-msgstr ""
-"kan geen nieuwe bestandsdescriptor reserveren voor bash-invoer vanuit "
-"bestandsdescriptor %d"
+msgstr "kan geen nieuwe bestandsdescriptor reserveren voor bash-invoer vanuit bestandsdescriptor %d"
#: input.c:277
#, c-format
msgid "save_bash_input: buffer already exists for new fd %d"
-msgstr ""
-"check_bash_input(): buffer bestaat al voor nieuwe bestandsdescriptor %d"
+msgstr "check_bash_input(): buffer bestaat al voor nieuwe bestandsdescriptor %d"
#: jobs.c:471
msgid "start_pipeline: pgrp pipe"
#: jobs.c:3220
msgid "waitchld: turning on WNOHANG to avoid indefinite block"
-msgstr ""
-"waitchld(): WNOHANG wordt ingeschakeld om een onbegrensde blokkering te "
-"vermijden"
+msgstr "waitchld(): WNOHANG wordt ingeschakeld om een onbegrensde blokkering te vermijden"
#: jobs.c:3711
#, c-format
#: make_cmd.c:662
#, c-format
msgid "here-document at line %d delimited by end-of-file (wanted `%s')"
-msgstr ""
-"regel %d van \"hier\"-document eindigt met einde van bestand (verwachtte "
-"'%s')"
+msgstr "regel %d van \"hier\"-document eindigt met einde van bestand (verwachtte '%s')"
#: make_cmd.c:759
#, c-format
#: parse.y:4332
#, c-format
msgid "unexpected token `%s', conditional binary operator expected"
-msgstr ""
-"onverwacht symbool '%s'; tweezijdige conditionele operator werd verwacht"
+msgstr "onverwacht symbool '%s'; tweezijdige conditionele operator werd verwacht"
#: parse.y:4336
msgid "conditional binary operator expected"
#: print_cmd.c:382
#, c-format
msgid "xtrace fd (%d) != fileno xtrace fp (%d)"
-msgstr ""
-"xtrace-bestandsdescriptor (%d) != bestandsnummer van xtrace-bestandspointer "
-"(%d)"
+msgstr "xtrace-bestandsdescriptor (%d) != bestandsnummer van xtrace-bestandspointer (%d)"
#: print_cmd.c:1518
#, c-format
#: shell.c:1857
#, c-format
msgid "Type `%s -c help' for more information about shell builtin commands.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Typ '%s -c help' voor meer informatie over ingebouwde shell-functies.\n"
+msgstr "Typ '%s -c help' voor meer informatie over ingebouwde shell-functies.\n"
#: shell.c:1858
#, c-format
#: subst.c:5433
msgid "command_substitute: cannot duplicate pipe as fd 1"
-msgstr ""
-"command_substitute(): kan pijp niet dupliceren als bestandsdescriptor 1"
+msgstr "command_substitute(): kan pijp niet dupliceren als bestandsdescriptor 1"
#: subst.c:5837 subst.c:8050
#, c-format
msgstr "$%s: kan niet op deze manier toewijzen"
#: subst.c:7917
-msgid ""
-"future versions of the shell will force evaluation as an arithmetic "
-"substitution"
-msgstr ""
-"toekomstige versies van de shell zullen dit als een rekenkundige vervanging "
-"evalueren"
+msgid "future versions of the shell will force evaluation as an arithmetic substitution"
+msgstr "toekomstige versies van de shell zullen dit als een rekenkundige vervanging evalueren"
#: subst.c:8421
#, c-format
#: trap.c:375
#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"run_pending_traps: signal handler is SIG_DFL, resending %d (%s) to myself"
-msgstr ""
-"run_pending_traps: signaalverwerker is SIG_DFL, herzenden van %d (%s) aan "
-"mezelf..."
+msgid "run_pending_traps: signal handler is SIG_DFL, resending %d (%s) to myself"
+msgstr "run_pending_traps: signaalverwerker is SIG_DFL, herzenden van %d (%s) aan mezelf..."
#: trap.c:428
#, c-format
msgstr "shell-niveau is te hoog (%d); teruggezet op 1"
#: variables.c:1865
-#, fuzzy, c-format
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: circular name reference"
-msgstr "%s: ongeldige variabelenaam voor naamsverwijzing"
+msgstr "%s: circulaire naamsverwijzing"
#: variables.c:2228
msgid "make_local_variable: no function context at current scope"
-msgstr ""
-"make_local_variable(): er is geen functiecontext in huidige geldigheidsbereik"
+msgstr "make_local_variable(): er is geen functiecontext in huidige geldigheidsbereik"
#: variables.c:2247
#, c-format
#: variables.c:3646
msgid "all_local_variables: no function context at current scope"
-msgstr ""
-"all_local_variables(): er is geen functiecontext in huidige geldigheidsbereik"
+msgstr "all_local_variables(): er is geen functiecontext in huidige geldigheidsbereik"
#: variables.c:3891
#, c-format
#: variables.c:4431
msgid "pop_scope: head of shell_variables not a temporary environment scope"
-msgstr ""
-"pop_scope(): top van 'shell_variables' is geen tijdelijk geldigheidsbereik"
+msgstr "pop_scope(): top van 'shell_variables' is geen tijdelijk geldigheidsbereik"
#: variables.c:5257
#, c-format
msgstr "%s: %s: compatibiliteitswaarde valt buiten bereik"
#: version.c:46
-#, fuzzy
msgid "Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr "Copyright (C) 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgstr "Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#: version.c:47 version2.c:47
-msgid ""
-"License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl."
-"html>\n"
+msgid "License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>\n"
msgstr ""
"De licentie is GPLv3+: GNU GPL versie 3 of later.\n"
"Zie http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html voor de volledige tekst.\n"
#: version.c:91 version2.c:91
msgid "This is free software; you are free to change and redistribute it."
-msgstr ""
-"Dit is vrije software; u mag het vrijelijk wijzigen en verder verspreiden."
+msgstr "Dit is vrije software; u mag het vrijelijk wijzigen en verder verspreiden."
#: version.c:92 version2.c:92
msgid "There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law."
msgstr "unalias [-a] NAAM [NAAM...]"
#: builtins.c:51
-msgid ""
-"bind [-lpsvPSVX] [-m keymap] [-f filename] [-q name] [-u name] [-r keyseq] [-"
-"x keyseq:shell-command] [keyseq:readline-function or readline-command]"
+msgid "bind [-lpsvPSVX] [-m keymap] [-f filename] [-q name] [-u name] [-r keyseq] [-x keyseq:shell-command] [keyseq:readline-function or readline-command]"
msgstr ""
"bind [-lpvsPSVX] [-m TOETSENKAART] [-f BESTANDSNAAM] [-q NAAM] [-u NAAM]\n"
" [-r TOETSENREEKS] [-x TOETSENREEKS:SHELL-OPDRACHT]\n"
msgid "caller [expr]"
msgstr "caller [EXPRESSIE]"
+# XXX FIXME is this right?
+# can -@ only combine with -P, not with -L?
#: builtins.c:64
-#, fuzzy
msgid "cd [-L|[-P [-e]] [-@]] [dir]"
-msgstr "cd [-L|(-P [-e])] [MAP]"
+msgstr "cd [-L|(-P [-e])] [-@] [MAP]"
#: builtins.c:66
msgid "pwd [-LP]"
#: builtins.c:103
msgid "fc [-e ename] [-lnr] [first] [last] or fc -s [pat=rep] [command]"
-msgstr ""
-"fc [-e EDITORNAAM] [-lnr] [EERSTE] [LAATSTE] of: fc -s [PATROON=VERVANGING] "
-"[OPDRACHT]"
+msgstr "fc [-e EDITORNAAM] [-lnr] [EERSTE] [LAATSTE] of: fc -s [PATROON=VERVANGING] [OPDRACHT]"
#: builtins.c:107
msgid "fg [job_spec]"
msgstr "help [-dms] [PATROON...]"
#: builtins.c:121
-msgid ""
-"history [-c] [-d offset] [n] or history -anrw [filename] or history -ps arg "
-"[arg...]"
-msgstr ""
-"history [-c] [-d POSITIE] [N] of: history -anrw [BESTANDSNAAM] of: history "
-"-ps ARGUMENT..."
+msgid "history [-c] [-d offset] [n] or history -anrw [filename] or history -ps arg [arg...]"
+msgstr "history [-c] [-d POSITIE] [N] of: history -anrw [BESTANDSNAAM] of: history -ps ARGUMENT..."
#: builtins.c:125
msgid "jobs [-lnprs] [jobspec ...] or jobs -x command [args]"
msgstr "disown [-h] [-ar] [TAAKAANDUIDING...]"
#: builtins.c:132
-msgid ""
-"kill [-s sigspec | -n signum | -sigspec] pid | jobspec ... or kill -l "
-"[sigspec]"
+msgid "kill [-s sigspec | -n signum | -sigspec] pid | jobspec ... or kill -l [sigspec]"
msgstr ""
"kill [-s SIGNAALNAAM | -n SIGNAALNUMMER | -SIGNAAL] PID | TAAKAANDUIDING\n"
" of: kill -l [SIGNAAL]"
msgstr "let ARGUMENT..."
#: builtins.c:136
-msgid ""
-"read [-ers] [-a array] [-d delim] [-i text] [-n nchars] [-N nchars] [-p "
-"prompt] [-t timeout] [-u fd] [name ...]"
+msgid "read [-ers] [-a array] [-d delim] [-i text] [-n nchars] [-N nchars] [-p prompt] [-t timeout] [-u fd] [name ...]"
msgstr ""
"read [-ers] [-a ARRAY] [-d SCHEIDINGSTEKEN] [-i TEKST] [-p PROMPT]\n"
" [-n AANTAL_TEKENS] [-N AANTAL_TEKENS] [-t TIJDSLIMIET]\n"
msgstr "case WOORD in [PATROON [| PATROON]...) OPDRACHTEN ;;]... esac"
#: builtins.c:192
-msgid ""
-"if COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; [ elif COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; ]... [ else "
-"COMMANDS; ] fi"
-msgstr ""
-"if OPDRACHTEN; then OPDRACHTEN; [elif OPDRACHTEN; then OPDRACHTEN;]... [else "
-"OPDRACHTEN;] fi"
+msgid "if COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; [ elif COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; ]... [ else COMMANDS; ] fi"
+msgstr "if OPDRACHTEN; then OPDRACHTEN; [elif OPDRACHTEN; then OPDRACHTEN;]... [else OPDRACHTEN;] fi"
#: builtins.c:194
msgid "while COMMANDS; do COMMANDS; done"
msgstr "printf [-v VARIABELE] OPMAAK [ARGUMENTEN]"
#: builtins.c:229
-msgid ""
-"complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DE] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-"
-"W wordlist] [-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S "
-"suffix] [name ...]"
+msgid "complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DE] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] [-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [name ...]"
msgstr ""
"complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DE] [-o OPTIE] [-A ACTIE] [-C OPDRACHT]\n"
" [-F FUNCTIE] [-G PATROON] [-P PREFIX] [-S SUFFIX]\n"
" [-W WOORDENLIJST] [-X FILTERPATROON] [NAAM...]"
#: builtins.c:233
-msgid ""
-"compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] "
-"[-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [word]"
+msgid "compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] [-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [word]"
msgstr ""
"compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o OPTIE] [-A ACTIE] [-C OPDRACHT] [-F FUNCTIE]\n"
" [-G PATROON] [-P PREFIX] [-S SUFFIX]\n"
msgstr "compopt [-o|+o OPTIE] [-DE] [NAAM...]"
#: builtins.c:240
-msgid ""
-"mapfile [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c "
-"quantum] [array]"
+msgid "mapfile [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c quantum] [array]"
msgstr ""
"mapfile [-n AANTAL] [-O BEGIN] [-s AANTAL] [-t] [-u BESTANDSDESCRIPTOR]\n"
" [-C FUNCTIE] [-c HOEVEELHEID] [ARRAY]"
#: builtins.c:242
-msgid ""
-"readarray [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c "
-"quantum] [array]"
+msgid "readarray [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c quantum] [array]"
msgstr ""
"readarray [-n AANTAL] [-O BEGIN] [-s AANTAL] [-t] [-u BESTANDSDESCRIPTOR]\n"
" [-C FUNCTIE] [-c HOEVEELHEID] [ARRAY]"
" -p\tPrint all defined aliases in a reusable format\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" alias returns true unless a NAME is supplied for which no alias has "
-"been\n"
+" alias returns true unless a NAME is supplied for which no alias has been\n"
" defined."
msgstr ""
"Aliassen definiëren of tonen.\n"
" Zonder argumenten, of met optie '-p', toont 'alias' op standaarduitvoer\n"
" de huidige lijst van aliassen in de vorm: alias NAAM='VERVANGING'.\n"
" Met argumenten, wordt er een alias gedefinieerd voor elke NAAM waarvoor\n"
-" een VERVANGING gegeven is. Als de VERVANGING eindigt op een spatie, "
-"dan\n"
-" wordt bij aliasexpansie ook van het nakomende woord gecontroleerd of "
-"het\n"
+" een VERVANGING gegeven is. Als de VERVANGING eindigt op een spatie, dan\n"
+" wordt bij aliasexpansie ook van het nakomende woord gecontroleerd of het\n"
" een alias is.\n"
"\n"
" De afsluitwaarde is 0, tenzij er een NAAM zonder VERVANGING gegeven is."
" Options:\n"
" -m keymap Use KEYMAP as the keymap for the duration of this\n"
" command. Acceptable keymap names are emacs,\n"
-" emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-"
-"move,\n"
+" emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-move,\n"
" vi-command, and vi-insert.\n"
" -l List names of functions.\n"
" -P List function names and bindings.\n"
" -p List functions and bindings in a form that can be\n"
" reused as input.\n"
-" -S List key sequences that invoke macros and their "
-"values\n"
-" -s List key sequences that invoke macros and their "
-"values\n"
+" -S List key sequences that invoke macros and their values\n"
+" -s List key sequences that invoke macros and their values\n"
" in a form that can be reused as input.\n"
" -V List variable names and values\n"
" -v List variable names and values in a form that can\n"
" be reused as input.\n"
" -q function-name Query about which keys invoke the named function.\n"
-" -u function-name Unbind all keys which are bound to the named "
-"function.\n"
+" -u function-name Unbind all keys which are bound to the named function.\n"
" -r keyseq Remove the binding for KEYSEQ.\n"
" -f filename Read key bindings from FILENAME.\n"
" -x keyseq:shell-command\tCause SHELL-COMMAND to be executed when\n"
"Toetsbindingen en variabelen van 'readline' instellen.\n"
"\n"
" Verbindt een toetsenreeks aan een 'readline'-functie of aan een macro,\n"
-" of stelt een 'readline'-variabele in. De syntax van argumenten die "
-"geen\n"
-" opties zijn is gelijkaardig aan die voor ~/.inputrc, maar zij dienen "
-"één\n"
+" of stelt een 'readline'-variabele in. De syntax van argumenten die geen\n"
+" opties zijn is gelijkaardig aan die voor ~/.inputrc, maar zij dienen één\n"
" geheel te zijn, bijvoorbeeld: bind '\"\\C-x\\C-r\": re-read-init-file'.\n"
"\n"
" Opties:\n"
" 'emacs-standard', 'emacs-meta', 'emacs-ctlx',\n"
" 'vi', 'vi-move', 'vi-insert' en 'vi-command'\n"
" -P functienamen en hun bindingen tonen\n"
-" -p functienamen en hun bindingen tonen, in een vorm "
-"die\n"
+" -p functienamen en hun bindingen tonen, in een vorm die\n"
" hergebruikt kan worden als invoer\n"
" -r TOETSENREEKS de binding voor deze toetsenreeks verwijderen\n"
" -q FUNCTIENAAM tonen welke toetsen deze functie aanroepen\n"
" vorm die hergebruikt kan worden als invoer\n"
" -u FUNCTIENAAM verwijdert alle toetsbindingen aan deze functie\n"
" -V variabelenamen en hun waarden tonen\n"
-" -v variabelenamen en hun waarden tonen, in een vorm "
-"die\n"
+" -v variabelenamen en hun waarden tonen, in een vorm die\n"
" hergebruikt kan worden als invoer\n"
-" -x TOETSENREEKS:SHELL-OPDRACHT deze shell-opdracht uitvoeren als "
-"deze\n"
+" -x TOETSENREEKS:SHELL-OPDRACHT deze shell-opdracht uitvoeren als deze\n"
" toetsenreeks ingevoerd wordt\n"
-" -X met '-x' gebonden toetsenreeksen en opdrachten "
-"tonen\n"
-" in een vorm die hergebruikt kan worden als "
-"invoer\n"
+" -X met '-x' gebonden toetsenreeksen en opdrachten tonen\n"
+" in een vorm die hergebruikt kan worden als invoer\n"
"\n"
-" De afsluitwaarde is 0, tenzij een ongeldige optie gegeven werd of er "
-"een\n"
+" De afsluitwaarde is 0, tenzij een ongeldige optie gegeven werd of er een\n"
" fout optrad."
#: builtins.c:328
" \n"
" Execute SHELL-BUILTIN with arguments ARGs without performing command\n"
" lookup. This is useful when you wish to reimplement a shell builtin\n"
-" as a shell function, but need to execute the builtin within the "
-"function.\n"
+" as a shell function, but need to execute the builtin within the function.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns the exit status of SHELL-BUILTIN, or false if SHELL-BUILTIN is\n"
msgstr ""
"Een ingebouwde shell-functie uitvoeren.\n"
"\n"
-" Voert de gegeven ingebouwde shell-functie met de gegeven argumenten "
-"uit.\n"
+" Voert de gegeven ingebouwde shell-functie met de gegeven argumenten uit.\n"
" Dit is handig als u de naam van een ingebouwde functie voor een eigen\n"
" functie wilt gebruiken, maar toch de functionaliteit van de ingebouwde\n"
" functie nodig hebt.\n"
" of EXPRESSIE ongeldig is."
#: builtins.c:385
-#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Change the shell working directory.\n"
" \n"
-" Change the current directory to DIR. The default DIR is the value of "
-"the\n"
+" Change the current directory to DIR. The default DIR is the value of the\n"
" HOME shell variable.\n"
" \n"
-" The variable CDPATH defines the search path for the directory "
-"containing\n"
-" DIR. Alternative directory names in CDPATH are separated by a colon "
-"(:).\n"
-" A null directory name is the same as the current directory. If DIR "
-"begins\n"
+" The variable CDPATH defines the search path for the directory containing\n"
+" DIR. Alternative directory names in CDPATH are separated by a colon (:).\n"
+" A null directory name is the same as the current directory. If DIR begins\n"
" with a slash (/), then CDPATH is not used.\n"
" \n"
-" If the directory is not found, and the shell option `cdable_vars' is "
-"set,\n"
-" the word is assumed to be a variable name. If that variable has a "
-"value,\n"
+" If the directory is not found, and the shell option `cdable_vars' is set,\n"
+" the word is assumed to be a variable name. If that variable has a value,\n"
" its value is used for DIR.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" \tof `..'\n"
" -e\tif the -P option is supplied, and the current working directory\n"
" \tcannot be determined successfully, exit with a non-zero status\n"
-" -@ on systems that support it, present a file with extended "
-"attributes\n"
+" -@ on systems that support it, present a file with extended attributes\n"
" as a directory containing the file attributes\n"
" \n"
" The default is to follow symbolic links, as if `-L' were specified.\n"
-" `..' is processed by removing the immediately previous pathname "
-"component\n"
+" `..' is processed by removing the immediately previous pathname component\n"
" back to a slash or the beginning of DIR.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns 0 if the directory is changed, and if $PWD is set successfully "
-"when\n"
+" Returns 0 if the directory is changed, and if $PWD is set successfully when\n"
" -P is used; non-zero otherwise."
msgstr ""
"De huidige map wijzigen.\n"
" Opties:\n"
" -L symbolische koppelingen volgen; symbolische koppelingen in MAP\n"
" worden herleid ná verwerking van instantiaties van '..'\n"
-" -P de fysieke mappenstructuur gebruiken zonder symbolische "
-"koppelingen\n"
+" -P de fysieke mappenstructuur gebruiken zonder symbolische koppelingen\n"
" te volgen; symbolische koppelingen in MAP worden herleid vóór\n"
" verwerking van instantiaties van '..'\n"
-" -e als optie '-P' gegeven is en de huidige map kan niet bepaald "
-"worden,\n"
+" -e als optie '-P' gegeven is en de huidige map kan niet bepaald worden,\n"
" dan afsluiten met een niet-nul waarde\n"
+" -@ een bestand met uitgebreide kenmerken presenteren als een map die\n"
+" deze bestandskenmerken bevat (op systemen die het ondersteunen)\n"
"\n"
-" Standaard worden symbolische koppelingen gevolgd, alsof '-L' gegeven "
-"is.\n"
+" Standaard worden symbolische koppelingen gevolgd, alsof '-L' gegeven is.\n"
" Een '..' wordt verwerkt door het verwijderen van de direct voorafgaande\n"
" padcomponent terug tot een slash of tot het begin van MAP.\n"
"\n"
-" De afsluitwaarde is 0 als de gewenste map ingesteld kon worden, en als "
-"ook\n"
-" omgevingsvariabele PWD ingesteld kon worden als '-P' gegeven is, anders "
-"1."
+" De afsluitwaarde is 0 als de gewenste map ingesteld kon worden, en als ook\n"
+" omgevingsvariabele PWD ingesteld kon worden als '-P' gegeven is, anders 1."
#: builtins.c:422
msgid ""
"De naam van de huidige werkmap tonen.\n"
"\n"
" Opties:\n"
-" -P het werkelijke, fysieke pad tonen, zonder symbolische "
-"koppelingen\n"
-" -L het pad tonen zoals dat gevolgd is, inclusief eventuele "
-"symbolische\n"
+" -P het werkelijke, fysieke pad tonen, zonder symbolische koppelingen\n"
+" -L het pad tonen zoals dat gevolgd is, inclusief eventuele symbolische\n"
" koppelingen (standaard)\n"
"\n"
" De afsluitwaarde is 0, tenzij een ongeldige optie gegeven werd of de\n"
"Execute a simple command or display information about commands.\n"
" \n"
" Runs COMMAND with ARGS suppressing shell function lookup, or display\n"
-" information about the specified COMMANDs. Can be used to invoke "
-"commands\n"
+" information about the specified COMMANDs. Can be used to invoke commands\n"
" on disk when a function with the same name exists.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" Variables with the integer attribute have arithmetic evaluation (see\n"
" the `let' command) performed when the variable is assigned a value.\n"
" \n"
-" When used in a function, `declare' makes NAMEs local, as with the "
-"`local'\n"
+" When used in a function, `declare' makes NAMEs local, as with the `local'\n"
" command. The `-g' option suppresses this behavior.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Opties:\n"
" -f alleen de gedefinieerde functies tonen (geen variabelen)\n"
" -F alleen de namen van de functies tonen, zonder de definities\n"
-" -g globale variabelen aanmaken wanneer gebruikt in een shell-"
-"functie;\n"
+" -g globale variabelen aanmaken wanneer gebruikt in een shell-functie;\n"
" elders genegeerd\n"
" -p van elke gegeven variabele de eigenschappen en waarde tonen\n"
"\n"
" Eigenschappen:\n"
" -a van gegeven variabelen arrays maken (indien mogelijk)\n"
-" -A van gegeven variabelen associatieve arrays maken (indien "
-"mogelijk)\n"
+" -A van gegeven variabelen associatieve arrays maken (indien mogelijk)\n"
" -i aan gegeven variabelen de 'geheel getal'-eigenschap toekennen\n"
" -l gegeven variabelen bij toekenning omzetten naar kleine letters\n"
" -n de gegeven variabele een verwijzing maken naar de variabele die\n"
" Als 'declare' wordt gebruikt in een functie, dan maakt het elke gegeven\n"
" naam lokaal, net zoals de opdracht 'local'. Optie '-g' onderdrukt dit.\n"
"\n"
-" De afsluitwaarde is 0, tenzij een ongeldige optie gegeven werd of er "
-"een\n"
+" De afsluitwaarde is 0, tenzij een ongeldige optie gegeven werd of er een\n"
" toekenningsfout optrad."
#: builtins.c:527
msgid ""
"Write arguments to the standard output.\n"
" \n"
-" Display the ARGs, separated by a single space character and followed by "
-"a\n"
+" Display the ARGs, separated by a single space character and followed by a\n"
" newline, on the standard output.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
msgstr ""
"De gegeven argumenten naar standaarduitvoer schrijven.\n"
"\n"
-" Schrijft de gegeven argumenten naar standaarduitvoer, elke twee "
-"gescheiden\n"
+" Schrijft de gegeven argumenten naar standaarduitvoer, elke twee gescheiden\n"
" door een spatie en aan het eind gevolgd door een nieuwe regel.\n"
"\n"
" Opties:\n"
msgstr ""
"Ingebouwde shell-opdrachten in- of uitschakelen.\n"
"\n"
-" Schakelt ingebouwde opdrachten in of uit. Dit laatste maakt het "
-"mogelijk\n"
+" Schakelt ingebouwde opdrachten in of uit. Dit laatste maakt het mogelijk\n"
" om een bestand op schijf uit te voeren dat dezelfde naam heeft als een\n"
" ingebouwde opdracht, zonder het volledige pad op te moeten geven.\n"
"\n"
" Opties:\n"
-" -a de ingebouwde opdrachten tonen en of ze in- of uitgeschakeld "
-"zijn\n"
-" -n genoemde opdrachten uitschakelen of uitgeschakelde opdrachten "
-"tonen\n"
-" -p uitvoer produceren die hergebruikt kan worden als invoer "
-"(standaard)\n"
+" -a de ingebouwde opdrachten tonen en of ze in- of uitgeschakeld zijn\n"
+" -n genoemde opdrachten uitschakelen of uitgeschakelde opdrachten tonen\n"
+" -p uitvoer produceren die hergebruikt kan worden als invoer (standaard)\n"
" -s alleen de speciale POSIX ingebouwde opdrachten tonen\n"
"\n"
" Opties die het dynamisch laden besturen:\n"
" -f ingebouwde opdracht NAAM laden uit gedeeld object BESTANDSNAAM\n"
" -d opdracht die geladen is met '-f' verwijderen.\n"
"\n"
-" Zonder opties wordt elke gegeven NAAM ingeschakeld. Zonder namen "
-"worden\n"
+" Zonder opties wordt elke gegeven NAAM ingeschakeld. Zonder namen worden\n"
" de ingeschakelde opdrachten getoond (of met '-n' de uitgeschakelde).\n"
"\n"
" Voorbeeld: om in plaats van de ingebouwde 'test' het bestand 'test' te\n"
msgid ""
"Execute arguments as a shell command.\n"
" \n"
-" Combine ARGs into a single string, use the result as input to the "
-"shell,\n"
+" Combine ARGs into a single string, use the result as input to the shell,\n"
" and execute the resulting commands.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
msgstr ""
"Argumenten uitvoeren als een shell-opdracht.\n"
"\n"
-" Combineert de gegeven argumenten tot een enkele tekenreeks, gebruikt "
-"deze\n"
+" Combineert de gegeven argumenten tot een enkele tekenreeks, gebruikt deze\n"
" als invoer voor de shell, en voert de resulterende opdrachten uit.\n"
"\n"
-" De afsluitwaarde is die van de uitgevoerde opdracht, of 0 als de "
-"opdracht\n"
+" De afsluitwaarde is die van de uitgevoerde opdracht, of 0 als de opdracht\n"
" leeg is."
#: builtins.c:643
msgstr ""
"Opties ontleden.\n"
"\n"
-" 'getopts' kan door shell-scripts gebruikt worden om positionele "
-"parameters\n"
+" 'getopts' kan door shell-scripts gebruikt worden om positionele parameters\n"
" als opties te ontleden.\n"
"\n"
" De OPTIETEKENREEKS bevat de te herkennen optieletters; als een letter\n"
"Replace the shell with the given command.\n"
" \n"
" Execute COMMAND, replacing this shell with the specified program.\n"
-" ARGUMENTS become the arguments to COMMAND. If COMMAND is not "
-"specified,\n"
+" ARGUMENTS become the arguments to COMMAND. If COMMAND is not specified,\n"
" any redirections take effect in the current shell.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -c\t\texecute COMMAND with an empty environment\n"
" -l\t\tplace a dash in the zeroth argument to COMMAND\n"
" \n"
-" If the command cannot be executed, a non-interactive shell exits, "
-"unless\n"
+" If the command cannot be executed, a non-interactive shell exits, unless\n"
" the shell option `execfail' is set.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless COMMAND is not found or a redirection error "
-"occurs."
+" Returns success unless COMMAND is not found or a redirection error occurs."
msgstr ""
"De shell vervangen door de gegeven opdracht.\n"
"\n"
" -c de opdracht uitvoeren met een lege omgeving\n"
" -l een koppelteken als nulde argument aan OPDRACHT meegeven\n"
"\n"
-" Als de opdracht niet kan worden uitgevoerd, dan sluit een niet-"
-"interactieve\n"
+" Als de opdracht niet kan worden uitgevoerd, dan sluit een niet-interactieve\n"
" shell af, tenzij de shell-optie 'execfail' aan staat.\n"
"\n"
" De afsluitwaarde is 0, tenzij OPDRACHT niet gevonden wordt of er een\n"
msgid ""
"Exit a login shell.\n"
" \n"
-" Exits a login shell with exit status N. Returns an error if not "
-"executed\n"
+" Exits a login shell with exit status N. Returns an error if not executed\n"
" in a login shell."
msgstr ""
"Een login-shell beëindigen.\n"
msgid ""
"Display or execute commands from the history list.\n"
" \n"
-" fc is used to list or edit and re-execute commands from the history "
-"list.\n"
+" fc is used to list or edit and re-execute commands from the history list.\n"
" FIRST and LAST can be numbers specifying the range, or FIRST can be a\n"
" string, which means the most recent command beginning with that\n"
" string.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
-" -e ENAME\tselect which editor to use. Default is FCEDIT, then "
-"EDITOR,\n"
+" -e ENAME\tselect which editor to use. Default is FCEDIT, then EDITOR,\n"
" \t\tthen vi\n"
" -l \tlist lines instead of editing\n"
" -n\tomit line numbers when listing\n"
" the last command.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success or status of executed command; non-zero if an error "
-"occurs."
+" Returns success or status of executed command; non-zero if an error occurs."
msgstr ""
"Opdrachten uit de geschiedenis tonen of uitvoeren.\n"
"\n"
" Kan gebruikt worden om oude opdrachten te tonen, of om deze te bewerken\n"
-" en opnieuw uit te voeren. EERSTE en LAATSTE kunnen getallen zijn die "
-"een\n"
-" bereik opgeven, of EERSTE kan een tekenreeksje zijn waarmee de "
-"recentste\n"
+" en opnieuw uit te voeren. EERSTE en LAATSTE kunnen getallen zijn die een\n"
+" bereik opgeven, of EERSTE kan een tekenreeksje zijn waarmee de recentste\n"
" opdracht wordt bedoeld die met die letters begint.\n"
"\n"
" Opties:\n"
msgstr ""
"De gegeven taak in de voorgrond plaatsen.\n"
"\n"
-" Plaatst de gegeven taak in de voorgrond, en maakt deze tot de huidige "
-"taak.\n"
-" Als er geen taak gegeven is, dan wordt dat wat volgens de shell de "
-"huidige\n"
+" Plaatst de gegeven taak in de voorgrond, en maakt deze tot de huidige taak.\n"
+" Als er geen taak gegeven is, dan wordt dat wat volgens de shell de huidige\n"
" taak is gebruikt.\n"
"\n"
-" De afsluitwaarde is die van de in voorgrond geplaatste taak, of 1 als "
-"er\n"
+" De afsluitwaarde is die van de in voorgrond geplaatste taak, of 1 als er\n"
" een fout optreedt."
#: builtins.c:770
msgid ""
"Move jobs to the background.\n"
" \n"
-" Place the jobs identified by each JOB_SPEC in the background, as if "
-"they\n"
-" had been started with `&'. If JOB_SPEC is not present, the shell's "
-"notion\n"
+" Place the jobs identified by each JOB_SPEC in the background, as if they\n"
+" had been started with `&'. If JOB_SPEC is not present, the shell's notion\n"
" of the current job is used.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
msgstr ""
"De gegeven taken in de achtergrond plaatsen.\n"
"\n"
-" Plaatst gegeven taken in de achtergrond, alsof deze gestart waren met "
-"'&'.\n"
-" Als er geen taak gegeven is, dan wordt dat wat volgens de shell de "
-"huidige\n"
+" Plaatst gegeven taken in de achtergrond, alsof deze gestart waren met '&'.\n"
+" Als er geen taak gegeven is, dan wordt dat wat volgens de shell de huidige\n"
" taak is gebruikt.\n"
"\n"
-" De afsluitwaarde is 0, tenzij taakbeheer uitgeschakeld is of er een "
-"fout\n"
+" De afsluitwaarde is 0, tenzij taakbeheer uitgeschakeld is of er een fout\n"
" optreedt."
#: builtins.c:784
-#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Remember or display program locations.\n"
" \n"
" Determine and remember the full pathname of each command NAME. If\n"
-" no arguments are given, information about remembered commands is "
-"displayed.\n"
+" no arguments are given, information about remembered commands is displayed.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -d\t\tforget the remembered location of each NAME\n"
" PATTERN\tPattern specifiying a help topic\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless PATTERN is not found or an invalid option is "
-"given."
+" Returns success unless PATTERN is not found or an invalid option is given."
msgstr ""
"Informatie tonen over ingebouwde opdrachten.\n"
"\n"
" -m gebruiksbericht tonen in pseudo-opmaak van een man-pagina\n"
" -s de uitvoer beperken tot een beknopt gebruiksbericht\n"
"\n"
-" De afsluitwaarde is 0, tenzij niets aan PATROON voldoet of een "
-"ongeldige\n"
+" De afsluitwaarde is 0, tenzij niets aan PATROON voldoet of een ongeldige\n"
" optie gegeven werd."
#: builtins.c:833
" \n"
" If the $HISTTIMEFORMAT variable is set and not null, its value is used\n"
" as a format string for strftime(3) to print the time stamp associated\n"
-" with each displayed history entry. No time stamps are printed "
-"otherwise.\n"
+" with each displayed history entry. No time stamps are printed otherwise.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or an error occurs."
" argument van N worden alleen de laatste N opdrachten getoond.\n"
"\n"
" Opties:\n"
-" -c huidige geschiedenis wissen: alle uitgevoerde opdrachten "
-"vergeten\n"
+" -c huidige geschiedenis wissen: alle uitgevoerde opdrachten vergeten\n"
" -d POSITIE het geschiedenisitem op deze positie verwijderen\n"
"\n"
" -a huidige geschiedenis aan eind van geschiedenisbestand toevoegen\n"
" huidige geschienis\n"
" -w huidige geschiedenis aan einde van geschiedenisbestand toevoegen\n"
"\n"
-" -p geschiedenisopzoeking uitvoeren voor elk ARGUMENT en het "
-"resultaat\n"
+" -p geschiedenisopzoeking uitvoeren voor elk ARGUMENT en het resultaat\n"
" tonen zonder dit in de geschiedenis op te slaan\n"
" -s de ARGUMENTen als één enkel item aan de geschiedenis toevoegen\n"
"\n"
"\n"
" Als de variabele HISTTIMEFORMAT ingesteld en niet leeg is, dan wordt de\n"
" waarde ervan gebruikt als een opmaaktekenreeks for strftime(3), om een\n"
-" tijdsstempel bij elk geschiedenisitem weer te geven. Anders worden "
-"geen\n"
+" tijdsstempel bij elk geschiedenisitem weer te geven. Anders worden geen\n"
" tijdsstempels getoond.\n"
"\n"
-" De afsluitwaarde is 0, tenzij een ongeldige optie gegeven werd of er "
-"een\n"
+" De afsluitwaarde is 0, tenzij een ongeldige optie gegeven werd of er een\n"
" fout optrad."
#: builtins.c:869
msgstr ""
"De status van taken tonen.\n"
"\n"
-" Toont de actieve taken. Een TAAKAANDUIDING beperkt de uitvoer tot "
-"alleen\n"
-" die taak. Zonder opties wordt de status van alle actieve taken "
-"getoond.\n"
+" Toont de actieve taken. Een TAAKAANDUIDING beperkt de uitvoer tot alleen\n"
+" die taak. Zonder opties wordt de status van alle actieve taken getoond.\n"
"\n"
" Opties:\n"
" -l ook de proces-ID's tonen, naast de gewone informatie\n"
-" -n alleen processen tonen die sinds de vorige melding zijn "
-"veranderd\n"
+" -n alleen processen tonen die sinds de vorige melding zijn veranderd\n"
" -p alleen de proces-ID's tonen\n"
" -r uitvoer beperken tot draaiende taken\n"
" -s uitvoer beperken tot gepauzeerde taken\n"
" alle gegeven taken (in ARGUMENTen) afgesloten zijn (dat wil zeggen: hun\n"
" proces-ID is vervangen door dat van hun moederproces).\n"
"\n"
-" De afsluitwaarde is 0, tenzij een ongeldige optie gegeven werd of er "
-"een\n"
+" De afsluitwaarde is 0, tenzij een ongeldige optie gegeven werd of er een\n"
" fout optrad. Met optie '-x' is de afsluitwaarde die van OPDRACHT."
#: builtins.c:896
"\n"
" Opties:\n"
" -a alle taken verwijderen (als geen TAAKAANDUIDING gegeven is)\n"
-" -h taken niet verwijderen maar zodanig markeren dat deze geen "
-"SIGHUP\n"
+" -h taken niet verwijderen maar zodanig markeren dat deze geen SIGHUP\n"
" krijgen wanneer de shell een SIGHUP krijgt\n"
" -r alleen draaiende taken verwijderen\n"
"\n"
" Opties:\n"
" -n NAAM het signaal met deze naam sturen\n"
" -s NUMMER het signaal met dit nummer sturen\n"
-" -l lijst met beschikbare signalen tonen; als na '-l' "
-"argumenten\n"
+" -l lijst met beschikbare signalen tonen; als na '-l' argumenten\n"
" volgen, dan wordt voor elk nummer de bijbehorende naam\n"
" getoond, en voor elke naam het bijbehorende nummer\n"
"\n"
-" 'kill' is om twee redenen een ingebouwde shell-opdracht: het "
-"accepteert\n"
-" ook taakaanduidingen in plaats van alleen proces-ID's, en als het "
-"maximum\n"
+" 'kill' is om twee redenen een ingebouwde shell-opdracht: het accepteert\n"
+" ook taakaanduidingen in plaats van alleen proces-ID's, en als het maximum\n"
" aantal processen bereikt is hoeft u geen nieuw proces te starten om een\n"
" ander proces te elimineren.\n"
"\n"
-" De afsluitwaarde is 0, tenzij een ongeldige optie gegeven werd of er "
-"een\n"
+" De afsluitwaarde is 0, tenzij een ongeldige optie gegeven werd of er een\n"
" fout optrad."
#: builtins.c:938
" Evaluate each ARG as an arithmetic expression. Evaluation is done in\n"
" fixed-width integers with no check for overflow, though division by 0\n"
" is trapped and flagged as an error. The following list of operators is\n"
-" grouped into levels of equal-precedence operators. The levels are "
-"listed\n"
+" grouped into levels of equal-precedence operators. The levels are listed\n"
" in order of decreasing precedence.\n"
" \n"
" \tid++, id--\tvariable post-increment, post-decrement\n"
" De evaluatie gebeurt in gehele getallen zonder controle op overloop;\n"
" maar deling door nul wordt gedetecteerd en wordt getoond als een fout.\n"
"\n"
-" Onderstaande lijst toont de beschikbare operatoren in groepjes van "
-"gelijke\n"
+" Onderstaande lijst toont de beschikbare operatoren in groepjes van gelijke\n"
" voorrang; de groepjes zijn gerangschikt volgens afnemende voorrang.\n"
"\n"
" var++, var-- post-increment, post-decrement van variabele\n"
"\n"
" =, *=, /=, %=, +=, -=, <<=, >>=, &=, ^=, |= toewijzingen\n"
"\n"
-" Shell-variabelen zijn toegestaan als parameters. De naam van een "
-"variabele\n"
-" wordt vervangen door zijn waarde (zonodig omgezet naar een geheel "
-"getal).\n"
-" Variabelen hoeven geen 'geheel getal'-eigenschap te hebben om gebruikt "
-"te\n"
+" Shell-variabelen zijn toegestaan als parameters. De naam van een variabele\n"
+" wordt vervangen door zijn waarde (zonodig omgezet naar een geheel getal).\n"
+" Variabelen hoeven geen 'geheel getal'-eigenschap te hebben om gebruikt te\n"
" kunnen worden in een expressie.\n"
"\n"
" Operatoren worden geëvalueerd in volgorde van voorrang. Subexpressies\n"
"Read a line from the standard input and split it into fields.\n"
" \n"
" Reads a single line from the standard input, or from file descriptor FD\n"
-" if the -u option is supplied. The line is split into fields as with "
-"word\n"
+" if the -u option is supplied. The line is split into fields as with word\n"
" splitting, and the first word is assigned to the first NAME, the second\n"
" word to the second NAME, and so on, with any leftover words assigned to\n"
-" the last NAME. Only the characters found in $IFS are recognized as "
-"word\n"
+" the last NAME. Only the characters found in $IFS are recognized as word\n"
" delimiters.\n"
" \n"
-" If no NAMEs are supplied, the line read is stored in the REPLY "
-"variable.\n"
+" If no NAMEs are supplied, the line read is stored in the REPLY variable.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -a array\tassign the words read to sequential indices of the array\n"
" -n nchars\treturn after reading NCHARS characters rather than waiting\n"
" \t\tfor a newline, but honor a delimiter if fewer than NCHARS\n"
" \t\tcharacters are read before the delimiter\n"
-" -N nchars\treturn only after reading exactly NCHARS characters, "
-"unless\n"
+" -N nchars\treturn only after reading exactly NCHARS characters, unless\n"
" \t\tEOF is encountered or read times out, ignoring any delimiter\n"
" -p prompt\toutput the string PROMPT without a trailing newline before\n"
" \t\tattempting to read\n"
" -r\t\tdo not allow backslashes to escape any characters\n"
" -s\t\tdo not echo input coming from a terminal\n"
-" -t timeout\ttime out and return failure if a complete line of input "
-"is\n"
+" -t timeout\ttime out and return failure if a complete line of input is\n"
" \t\tnot read within TIMEOUT seconds. The value of the TMOUT\n"
" \t\tvariable is the default timeout. TIMEOUT may be a\n"
" \t\tfractional number. If TIMEOUT is 0, read returns immediately,\n"
" -u fd\t\tread from file descriptor FD instead of the standard input\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, read times "
-"out\n"
-" (in which case it's greater than 128), a variable assignment error "
-"occurs,\n"
+" The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, read times out\n"
+" (in which case it's greater than 128), a variable assignment error occurs,\n"
" or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as the argument to -u."
msgstr ""
"Een regel van standaardinvoer lezen en in velden opsplitsen.\n"
"\n"
-" Leest één regel van standaardinvoer (of van de gegeven "
-"bestandsdescriptor\n"
-" als optie '-u' gegeven is) en wijst het eerste woord aan de eerste NAAM "
-"toe,\n"
-" het tweede woord aan de tweede NAAM, en zo verder; de resterende "
-"woorden\n"
-" worden toegewezen aan de laatste NAAM. Alleen de tekens in de "
-"variabele\n"
-" IFS worden herkend als woordscheidingstekens. Als er geen namen "
-"gegeven\n"
+" Leest één regel van standaardinvoer (of van de gegeven bestandsdescriptor\n"
+" als optie '-u' gegeven is) en wijst het eerste woord aan de eerste NAAM toe,\n"
+" het tweede woord aan de tweede NAAM, en zo verder; de resterende woorden\n"
+" worden toegewezen aan de laatste NAAM. Alleen de tekens in de variabele\n"
+" IFS worden herkend als woordscheidingstekens. Als er geen namen gegeven\n"
" zijn, dan wordt de gelezen regel opgeslagen in de variabele REPLY.\n"
"\n"
" Opties:\n"
" -a ARRAY de gelezen woorden toekennen aan de opeenvolgende posities\n"
" van het genoemde array, beginnend bij index nul\n"
-" -d TEKEN doorgaan met lezen tot TEKEN gelezen wordt (i.p.v. LF-"
-"teken)\n"
+" -d TEKEN doorgaan met lezen tot TEKEN gelezen wordt (i.p.v. LF-teken)\n"
" -e in een interactieve shell 'readline' gebruiken om de regel\n"
" in te lezen\n"
" -i TEKST door 'readline' te gebruiken begintekst\n"
-" -n AANTAL stoppen na maximaal dit aantal tekens gelezen te hebben, "
-"of\n"
-" na een LF-teken (i.p.v. altijd te wachten op een LF-"
-"teken)\n"
-" -N AANTAL alleen stoppen na dit aantal tekens gelezen te hebben, of "
-"na\n"
+" -n AANTAL stoppen na maximaal dit aantal tekens gelezen te hebben, of\n"
+" na een LF-teken (i.p.v. altijd te wachten op een LF-teken)\n"
+" -N AANTAL alleen stoppen na dit aantal tekens gelezen te hebben, of na\n"
" EOF of tijdsoverschrijding, elk scheidingsteken negerend\n"
-" -p PROMPT deze tekenreeks tonen als prompt (zonder afsluitende "
-"nieuwe\n"
+" -p PROMPT deze tekenreeks tonen als prompt (zonder afsluitende nieuwe\n"
" regel) alvorens te beginnen met lezen\n"
" -r backslash-codes niet omzetten naar hun betekenis\n"
" -s invoer die van een terminal komt niet echoën\n"
" -t AANTAL na dit aantal seconden stoppen met wachten op invoer en\n"
" afsluiten met een code groter dan 128; de waarde van de\n"
" variabele TMOUT is de standaardwaarde voor het aantal te\n"
-" wachten seconden; het aantal mag drijvendepuntgetal "
-"zijn;\n"
-" als AANTAl 0 is, dan keert 'read' onmiddellijk terug "
-"zonder\n"
-" enige data te lezen, maar is alleen succesvol als er op "
-"de\n"
+" wachten seconden; het aantal mag drijvendepuntgetal zijn;\n"
+" als AANTAl 0 is, dan keert 'read' onmiddellijk terug zonder\n"
+" enige data te lezen, maar is alleen succesvol als er op de\n"
" betreffende bestandsdescriptor invoer beschikbaar is\n"
-" -u BS.DS. van deze bestandsdescriptor lezen i.p.v. van "
-"standaardinvoer\n"
+" -u BS.DS. van deze bestandsdescriptor lezen i.p.v. van standaardinvoer\n"
"\n"
" De afsluitwaarde is 0, tenzij einde-van-bestand (EOF) bereikt werd,\n"
" de tijdslimiet overschreden werd, er een toekenningsfout optrad, of een\n"
" physical same as -P\n"
" pipefail the return value of a pipeline is the status of\n"
" the last command to exit with a non-zero status,\n"
-" or zero if no command exited with a non-zero "
-"status\n"
+" or zero if no command exited with a non-zero status\n"
" posix change the behavior of bash where the default\n"
" operation differs from the Posix standard to\n"
" match the standard\n"
msgstr ""
"Waarden van shell-opties of positionele parameters instellen.\n"
"\n"
-" Schakelt shell-eigenschappen in/uit, of verandert waarden van "
-"positionele\n"
-" parameters. Zonder opties of argumenten toont 'set' de namen en "
-"waarden\n"
-" van alle gedefinieerde variabelen en functies, in een vorm die als "
-"invoer\n"
-" hergebruikt kan worden. De volgende opties zijn beschikbaar (een '+' "
-"in\n"
+" Schakelt shell-eigenschappen in/uit, of verandert waarden van positionele\n"
+" parameters. Zonder opties of argumenten toont 'set' de namen en waarden\n"
+" van alle gedefinieerde variabelen en functies, in een vorm die als invoer\n"
+" hergebruikt kan worden. De volgende opties zijn beschikbaar (een '+' in\n"
" plaats van een '-' schakelt de betreffende eigenschap _uit_ i.p.v. in):\n"
"\n"
-" -a nieuwe of gewijzigde variabelen en functies automatisch "
-"exporteren\n"
+" -a nieuwe of gewijzigde variabelen en functies automatisch exporteren\n"
" -B accoladevervanging uitvoeren (is standaard, b.v. a{b,c} -> ab ac)\n"
-" -b beëindiging van een taak direct melden (i.p.v. na huidige "
-"opdracht)\n"
+" -b beëindiging van een taak direct melden (i.p.v. na huidige opdracht)\n"
" -C omleiding van uitvoer mag gewone bestanden niet overschrijven\n"
-" -E een 'trap' op ERR door laten werken in functies en "
-"dochterprocessen\n"
-" -e de shell afsluiten zodra afsluitwaarde van een opdracht niet nul "
-"is\n"
+" -E een 'trap' op ERR door laten werken in functies en dochterprocessen\n"
+" -e de shell afsluiten zodra afsluitwaarde van een opdracht niet nul is\n"
" -f jokertekens voor bestandsnamen uitschakelen (geen 'globbing')\n"
" -H geschiedenisopdracht '!' beschikbaar stellen (standaard)\n"
-" -h het volledige pad van opdrachten onthouden na eerste keer "
-"opzoeken\n"
+" -h het volledige pad van opdrachten onthouden na eerste keer opzoeken\n"
" -k ook nakomende toewijzingen aan variabelen in de omgeving plaatsen\n"
" -m taakbesturing beschikbaar stellen (standaard)\n"
" -n opdrachten wel lezen maar niet uitvoeren (\"droogzwemmen\")\n"
-" -o OPTIENAAM deze optie inschakelen (zie verderop voor de lange "
-"namen)\n"
-" -P geen symbolische koppelingen herleiden bij opdrachten als 'cd' "
-"die\n"
+" -o OPTIENAAM deze optie inschakelen (zie verderop voor de lange namen)\n"
+" -P geen symbolische koppelingen herleiden bij opdrachten als 'cd' die\n"
" de huidige map wijzigen\n"
-" -p geprivilegeerde modus: de bestanden aangeduid door ENV en "
-"BASH_ENV\n"
-" worden genegeerd, functies worden niet uit de omgeving "
-"geïmporteerd,\n"
-" en ook eventuele SHELLOPTS worden genegeerd; modus wordt "
-"automatisch\n"
-" ingeschakeld als effectieve en echte UID of GID niet "
-"overeenkomen;\n"
+" -p geprivilegeerde modus: de bestanden aangeduid door ENV en BASH_ENV\n"
+" worden genegeerd, functies worden niet uit de omgeving geïmporteerd,\n"
+" en ook eventuele SHELLOPTS worden genegeerd; modus wordt automatisch\n"
+" ingeschakeld als effectieve en echte UID of GID niet overeenkomen;\n"
" uitschakelen maakt dan effectieve UID en GID gelijk aan de echte\n"
-" -T een 'trap' op DEBUG door laten werken in functies en "
-"dochterprocessen\n"
+" -T een 'trap' op DEBUG door laten werken in functies en dochterprocessen\n"
" -t afsluiten na het lezen en uitvoeren van één opdracht\n"
" -u het gebruik van niet-bestaande variabelen behandelen als een fout\n"
" -v invoerregel weergeven (\"echoën\") zodra deze gelezen is\n"
-" -x elke opdracht met argumenten weergeven voordat deze wordt "
-"uitgevoerd\n"
-" -- nakomende argumenten zijn positionele parameters; als er geen "
-"verdere\n"
-" argumenten zijn, worden de bestaande positionele parameters "
-"gewist\n"
-" - opties -v en -x uitschakelen; nakomende argumenten zijn "
-"positionele\n"
-" parameters; maar zonder argumenten worden de bestaande niet "
-"gewist\n"
+" -x elke opdracht met argumenten weergeven voordat deze wordt uitgevoerd\n"
+" -- nakomende argumenten zijn positionele parameters; als er geen verdere\n"
+" argumenten zijn, worden de bestaande positionele parameters gewist\n"
+" - opties -v en -x uitschakelen; nakomende argumenten zijn positionele\n"
+" parameters; maar zonder argumenten worden de bestaande niet gewist\n"
"\n"
" De opties kunnen ook gebruikt worden bij het starten van de shell.\n"
" De huidige toestand van de eigenschappen is te vinden in $-. Eventuele\n"
" hashall == -h (gevonden pad van opdrachten onthouden)\n"
" histexpand == -H ('!'-opdracht beschikbaar stellen)\n"
" history opdrachtengeschiedenis beschikbaar stellen\n"
-" ignoreeof Ctrl-D negeren; de shell niet afsluiten bij lezen van "
-"EOF\n"
+" ignoreeof Ctrl-D negeren; de shell niet afsluiten bij lezen van EOF\n"
" interactive-comments commentaar in interactieve opdrachten toestaan\n"
" keyword == -k (nakomende toewijzingen ook meenemen)\n"
" monitor == -m (taakbesturing beschikbaar stellen)\n"
" noglob == -f (jokertekens uitschakelen)\n"
" nolog (herkend maar genegeerd)\n"
" notify == -b (beëindiging van een taak direct melden)\n"
-" nounset == -u (niet-bestaande variabelen als een fout "
-"beschouwen)\n"
+" nounset == -u (niet-bestaande variabelen als een fout beschouwen)\n"
" onecmd == -t (afsluiten na uitvoeren van één opdracht)\n"
" physical == -P (fysieke paden volgen i.p.v. symbolische)\n"
-" pipefail de afsluitwaarde van een pijplijn gelijkmaken aan die "
-"van\n"
-" de laatste niet-succesvolle opdracht in de reeks, of "
-"aan\n"
+" pipefail de afsluitwaarde van een pijplijn gelijkmaken aan die van\n"
+" de laatste niet-succesvolle opdracht in de reeks, of aan\n"
" 0 als alle opdrachten succesvol waren\n"
" posix de voorschriften van de POSIX-standaard strict volgen\n"
" privileged == -p (geprivilegeerde modus)\n"
" -n\ttreat each NAME as a name reference and unset the variable itself\n"
" \trather than the variable it references\n"
" \n"
-" Without options, unset first tries to unset a variable, and if that "
-"fails,\n"
+" Without options, unset first tries to unset a variable, and if that fails,\n"
" tries to unset a function.\n"
" \n"
" Some variables cannot be unset; also see `readonly'.\n"
"Set export attribute for shell variables.\n"
" \n"
" Marks each NAME for automatic export to the environment of subsequently\n"
-" executed commands. If VALUE is supplied, assign VALUE before "
-"exporting.\n"
+" executed commands. If VALUE is supplied, assign VALUE before exporting.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -f\trefer to shell functions\n"
"De export-eigenschap van shell-variabelen instellen.\n"
"\n"
" Markeert elke gegeven naam voor automatische export naar de omgeving\n"
-" van latere opdrachten. Als een WAARDE gegeven is, dan wordt deze "
-"WAARDE\n"
+" van latere opdrachten. Als een WAARDE gegeven is, dan wordt deze WAARDE\n"
" toegekend alvorens te exporteren.\n"
"\n"
" Opties:\n"
" De afsluitwaarde is 0, tenzij een ongeldige optie of NAAM gegeven werd."
#: builtins.c:1167
-#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Mark shell variables as unchangeable.\n"
" \n"
" -a\trefer to indexed array variables\n"
" -A\trefer to associative array variables\n"
" -f\trefer to shell functions\n"
-" -p\tdisplay a list of all readonly variables or functions, depending "
-"on\n"
+" -p\tdisplay a list of all readonly variables or functions, depending on\n"
" whether or not the -f option is given\n"
" \n"
" An argument of `--' disables further option processing.\n"
"Shell-variabelen als onveranderbaar markeren.\n"
"\n"
" Markeert elke gegeven NAAM als alleen-lezen, zodat de waarde van deze\n"
-" NAAM niet meer veranderd kan worden door een latere toewijzing. Als "
-"een\n"
+" NAAM niet meer veranderd kan worden door een latere toewijzing. Als een\n"
" WAARDE gegeven is, dan deze WAARDE toekennen alvorens deze te fixeren.\n"
"\n"
" Opties:\n"
" -a elke naam als een array begrijpen\n"
" -A elke naam als een associatief array begrijpen\n"
" -f gegeven namen verwijzen alleen naar functies\n"
-" -p een lijst van alle onveranderbare variabelen en functies tonen\n"
+" -p een lijst tonen van alle onveranderbare variabelen of functies,\n"
+" al naar gelang optie '-f' gegeven is\n"
"\n"
" Het argument '--' schakelt verdere optieverwerking uit.\n"
"\n"
msgstr ""
"Opdrachten uit bestand in de huidige shell uitvoeren.\n"
"\n"
-" Leest opdrachten uit het gegeven bestand en voert deze uit in de "
-"huidige\n"
+" Leest opdrachten uit het gegeven bestand en voert deze uit in de huidige\n"
" shell. De mappen in PATH worden nagezocht om het genoemde bestand te\n"
" vinden. Als er verder nog argumenten gegeven zijn, dan worden dit de\n"
" positionele parameters tijdens de uitvoering van het genoemde bestand.\n"
"\n"
-" De afsluitwaarde is die van de laatst uitgevoerde opdracht in het "
-"gegeven\n"
+" De afsluitwaarde is die van de laatst uitgevoerde opdracht in het gegeven\n"
" bestand, of 1 als dit bestand niet gelezen kan worden."
#: builtins.c:1232
" Optie:\n"
" -f pauzering afdwingen, ook als dit een login-shell is\n"
"\n"
-" De afsluitwaarde is 0, tenzij taakbeheer uitgeschakeld is of er een "
-"fout\n"
+" De afsluitwaarde is 0, tenzij taakbeheer uitgeschakeld is of er een fout\n"
" optreedt."
#: builtins.c:1248
" -x FILE True if the file is executable by you.\n"
" -O FILE True if the file is effectively owned by you.\n"
" -G FILE True if the file is effectively owned by your group.\n"
-" -N FILE True if the file has been modified since it was last "
-"read.\n"
+" -N FILE True if the file has been modified since it was last read.\n"
" \n"
" FILE1 -nt FILE2 True if file1 is newer than file2 (according to\n"
" modification date).\n"
" STRING1 != STRING2\n"
" True if the strings are not equal.\n"
" STRING1 < STRING2\n"
-" True if STRING1 sorts before STRING2 "
-"lexicographically.\n"
+" True if STRING1 sorts before STRING2 lexicographically.\n"
" STRING1 > STRING2\n"
" True if STRING1 sorts after STRING2 lexicographically.\n"
" \n"
" \n"
" -o OPTION True if the shell option OPTION is enabled.\n"
" -v VAR\t True if the shell variable VAR is set\n"
-" -R VAR\t True if the shell variable VAR is set and is a name "
-"reference.\n"
+" -R VAR\t True if the shell variable VAR is set and is a name reference.\n"
" ! EXPR True if expr is false.\n"
" EXPR1 -a EXPR2 True if both expr1 AND expr2 are true.\n"
" EXPR1 -o EXPR2 True if either expr1 OR expr2 is true.\n"
" -r BESTAND waar als bestand voor u leesbaar is\n"
" -S BESTAND waar als bestand een socket is\n"
" -s BESTAND waar als bestand niet leeg is\n"
-" -t DESCRIPTOR waar als bestandsdescriptor geopend is op een "
-"terminal\n"
+" -t DESCRIPTOR waar als bestandsdescriptor geopend is op een terminal\n"
" -u BESTAND waar als bestand SETUID is\n"
" -w BESTAND waar als bestand voor u schrijfbaar is\n"
" -x BESTAND waar als bestand door u uitvoerbaar is\n"
"\n"
-" BEST1 -nt BEST2 waar als eerste bestand later gewijzigd is dan "
-"tweede\n"
-" BEST1 -ot BEST2 waar als eerste bestand eerder gewijzigd is dan "
-"tweede\n"
-" BEST1 -ef BEST2 waar als eerste bestand harde koppeling is naar "
-"tweede\n"
+" BEST1 -nt BEST2 waar als eerste bestand later gewijzigd is dan tweede\n"
+" BEST1 -ot BEST2 waar als eerste bestand eerder gewijzigd is dan tweede\n"
+" BEST1 -ef BEST2 waar als eerste bestand harde koppeling is naar tweede\n"
"\n"
" Tekenreeksoperatoren:\n"
" -z REEKS waar als tekenreeks leeg is\n"
" REEKS waar als tekenreeks niet leeg is\n"
" RKS1 = RKS2 waar als de tekenreeksen gelijk zijn\n"
" RKS1 != RKS2 waar als de tekenreeksen niet gelijk zijn\n"
-" RKS1 < RKS2 waar als eerste reeks lexicografisch voor de tweede "
-"komt\n"
-" RKS1 > RKS2 waar als eerste reeks lexicografisch na de tweede "
-"komt\n"
+" RKS1 < RKS2 waar als eerste reeks lexicografisch voor de tweede komt\n"
+" RKS1 > RKS2 waar als eerste reeks lexicografisch na de tweede komt\n"
"\n"
" Andere operatoren:\n"
" -o OPTIE waar als deze shell-optie ingeschakeld is\n"
msgid ""
"Display process times.\n"
" \n"
-" Prints the accumulated user and system times for the shell and all of "
-"its\n"
+" Prints the accumulated user and system times for the shell and all of its\n"
" child processes.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
msgid ""
"Trap signals and other events.\n"
" \n"
-" Defines and activates handlers to be run when the shell receives "
-"signals\n"
+" Defines and activates handlers to be run when the shell receives signals\n"
" or other conditions.\n"
" \n"
" ARG is a command to be read and executed when the shell receives the\n"
" value. If ARG is the null string each SIGNAL_SPEC is ignored by the\n"
" shell and by the commands it invokes.\n"
" \n"
-" If a SIGNAL_SPEC is EXIT (0) ARG is executed on exit from the shell. "
-"If\n"
-" a SIGNAL_SPEC is DEBUG, ARG is executed before every simple command. "
-"If\n"
-" a SIGNAL_SPEC is RETURN, ARG is executed each time a shell function or "
-"a\n"
-" script run by the . or source builtins finishes executing. A "
-"SIGNAL_SPEC\n"
-" of ERR means to execute ARG each time a command's failure would cause "
-"the\n"
+" If a SIGNAL_SPEC is EXIT (0) ARG is executed on exit from the shell. If\n"
+" a SIGNAL_SPEC is DEBUG, ARG is executed before every simple command. If\n"
+" a SIGNAL_SPEC is RETURN, ARG is executed each time a shell function or a\n"
+" script run by the . or source builtins finishes executing. A SIGNAL_SPEC\n"
+" of ERR means to execute ARG each time a command's failure would cause the\n"
" shell to exit when the -e option is enabled.\n"
" \n"
-" If no arguments are supplied, trap prints the list of commands "
-"associated\n"
+" If no arguments are supplied, trap prints the list of commands associated\n"
" with each signal.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -l\tprint a list of signal names and their corresponding numbers\n"
" -p\tdisplay the trap commands associated with each SIGNAL_SPEC\n"
" \n"
-" Each SIGNAL_SPEC is either a signal name in <signal.h> or a signal "
-"number.\n"
+" Each SIGNAL_SPEC is either a signal name in <signal.h> or a signal number.\n"
" Signal names are case insensitive and the SIG prefix is optional. A\n"
" signal may be sent to the shell with \"kill -signal $$\".\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless a SIGSPEC is invalid or an invalid option is "
-"given."
+" Returns success unless a SIGSPEC is invalid or an invalid option is given."
msgstr ""
"Signalen en andere gebeurtenissen opvangen.\n"
"\n"
" Definieert en activeert afhandelingsprocedures die uitgevoerd moeten\n"
" worden wanneer de shell een signaal of andere gebeurtenissen ontvangt.\n"
"\n"
-" ARGUMENT is een opdracht die gelezen en uitgevoerd wordt wanneer de "
-"shell\n"
-" een van de opgegeven signalen ontvangt. Als ARGUMENT ontbreekt en er "
-"één\n"
+" ARGUMENT is een opdracht die gelezen en uitgevoerd wordt wanneer de shell\n"
+" een van de opgegeven signalen ontvangt. Als ARGUMENT ontbreekt en er één\n"
" signaal gegeven is, of wanneer ARGUMENT '-' is, dan worden de opgegeven\n"
" signalen teruggezet op de waarde die ze hadden bij het starten van deze\n"
" shell. Als ARGUMENT de lege tekenreeks is, dan worden de opgegeven\n"
-" signalen genegeerd door zowel deze shell als door alle "
-"dochterprocessen.\n"
+" signalen genegeerd door zowel deze shell als door alle dochterprocessen.\n"
"\n"
" Als EXIT (0) als signaal opgegeven wordt, dan wordt ARGUMENT uitgevoerd\n"
" bij het afsluiten van de shell. Als DEBUG als signaal opgegeven wordt,\n"
-" dan wordt ARGUMENT uitgevoerd vóór elke enkelvoudige opdracht. Als "
-"RETURN\n"
-" als signaal opgegeven wordt, dan wordt ARGUMENT uitgevoerd elke keer "
-"als\n"
-" een functie (of een met 'source' aangeroepen script) terugkeert. Als "
-"ERR\n"
-" als signaal opgegeven wordt, dan wordt ARGUMENT uitgevoerd elke keer "
-"als\n"
+" dan wordt ARGUMENT uitgevoerd vóór elke enkelvoudige opdracht. Als RETURN\n"
+" als signaal opgegeven wordt, dan wordt ARGUMENT uitgevoerd elke keer als\n"
+" een functie (of een met 'source' aangeroepen script) terugkeert. Als ERR\n"
+" als signaal opgegeven wordt, dan wordt ARGUMENT uitgevoerd elke keer als\n"
" de mislukking van een opdracht de shell zou beëindigen als optie '-e'\n"
" gegeven was.\n"
"\n"
-" Als er geen enkel argument gegeven is, dan toont 'trap' welke "
-"opdrachten\n"
+" Als er geen enkel argument gegeven is, dan toont 'trap' welke opdrachten\n"
" er met welke signalen verbonden zijn.\n"
"\n"
" Opties:\n"
" -l een overzicht tonen van signaalnummers en hun namen\n"
" -p voor elk gegeven signaal tonen welke opdracht ermee verbonden is\n"
"\n"
-" Signalen kunnen als naam of als nummer opgegeven worden, in hoofd- of "
-"in\n"
+" Signalen kunnen als naam of als nummer opgegeven worden, in hoofd- of in\n"
" kleine letters, en het voorvoegsel 'SIG' is optioneel. Merk op dat met\n"
-" 'kill -signaal $$' een signaal naar de huidige shell gestuurd kan "
-"worden.\n"
+" 'kill -signaal $$' een signaal naar de huidige shell gestuurd kan worden.\n"
"\n"
" De afsluitwaarde is 0, tenzij een ongeldige optie of SIGNAALAANDUIDING\n"
" gegeven werd."
" NAME\tCommand name to be interpreted.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success if all of the NAMEs are found; fails if any are not "
-"found."
+" Returns success if all of the NAMEs are found; fails if any are not found."
msgstr ""
"Informatie tonen over een opdracht.\n"
"\n"
" -f functies negeren, alsof ze niet gedefinieerd zijn\n"
" -P naar elke gegeven naam zoeken in het huidige zoekpad (PATH), ook\n"
" als het een alias, ingebouwde shell-opdracht of functie is\n"
-" -p voor elke gegeven naam het volledige pad tonen van het bestand "
-"dat\n"
+" -p voor elke gegeven naam het volledige pad tonen van het bestand dat\n"
" uitgevoerd zou worden, of niets als er een alias, functie,\n"
" ingebouwde shell-opdracht of sleutelwoord met die naam is\n"
" -t alleen het type van de opgegeven namen tonen: 'alias', 'builtin',\n"
msgid ""
"Modify shell resource limits.\n"
" \n"
-" Provides control over the resources available to the shell and "
-"processes\n"
+" Provides control over the resources available to the shell and processes\n"
" it creates, on systems that allow such control.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
msgstr ""
"Grenzen van hulpbronnen aanpassen.\n"
"\n"
-" Begrenst de beschikbare hulpbronnen voor processen gestart door deze "
-"shell\n"
+" Begrenst de beschikbare hulpbronnen voor processen gestart door deze shell\n"
" -- op systemen die zulke begrenzing toestaan.\n"
"\n"
" Opties:\n"
" -c de maximum grootte van een core-bestand (in kB)\n"
" -d de maximum hoeveelheid gegevensgeheugen van een proces (in kB)\n"
" -e de maximum procespriotiteit (de 'nice'-waarde)\n"
-" -f de maximum grootte van bestanden geschreven door shell of "
-"dochters\n"
+" -f de maximum grootte van bestanden geschreven door shell of dochters\n"
" -i het maximum aantal nog wachtende signalen\n"
-" -l de maximum hoeveelheid geheugen die een proces mag vastpinnen "
-"(kB)\n"
+" -l de maximum hoeveelheid geheugen die een proces mag vastpinnen (kB)\n"
" -m de maximum hoeveelheid fysiek geheugen van een proces (in kB)\n"
" -n het maximum aantal open bestandsdescriptors\n"
" -p de maximum grootte van een pijpbuffer\n"
" Als geen optie gegeven is, dan wordt optie '-f' aangenomen.\n"
"\n"
" De waardes gaan in stappen van 1024 bytes, behalve voor '-t', die in\n"
-" seconden is, voor '-p', die in stappen van 512 bytes gaat, en voor '-"
-"u',\n"
+" seconden is, voor '-p', die in stappen van 512 bytes gaat, en voor '-u',\n"
" dat een ongeschaald aantal is.\n"
"\n"
-" De afsluitwaarde is 0, tenzij een ongeldige optie gegeven werd of er "
-"een\n"
+" De afsluitwaarde is 0, tenzij een ongeldige optie gegeven werd of er een\n"
" fout optrad."
#: builtins.c:1465
msgstr ""
"Het bestandsaanmaakmasker tonen of instellen.\n"
"\n"
-" Stelt het bestandsaanmaakmasker van de gebruiker in op de gegeven "
-"MODUS.\n"
-" Als MODUS ontbreekt, dan wordt de huidige waarde van het masker "
-"getoond.\n"
+" Stelt het bestandsaanmaakmasker van de gebruiker in op de gegeven MODUS.\n"
+" Als MODUS ontbreekt, dan wordt de huidige waarde van het masker getoond.\n"
"\n"
-" Als MODUS begint met een cijfer, wordt het begrepen als een octaal "
-"getal,\n"
+" Als MODUS begint met een cijfer, wordt het begrepen als een octaal getal,\n"
" anders als een symbolische modus-tekenreeks zoals chmod (1) die kent.\n"
"\n"
" Opties:\n"
-" -p als invoer herbruikbare uitvoer produceren (indien MODUS "
-"ontbreekt)\n"
+" -p als invoer herbruikbare uitvoer produceren (indien MODUS ontbreekt)\n"
" -S symbolische uitvoer produceren; anders octale getallen\n"
"\n"
" De afsluitwaarde is 0, tenzij MODUS ongeldig is of een ongeldige optie\n"
msgid ""
"Wait for job completion and return exit status.\n"
" \n"
-" Waits for each process identified by an ID, which may be a process ID or "
-"a\n"
+" Waits for each process identified by an ID, which may be a process ID or a\n"
" job specification, and reports its termination status. If ID is not\n"
" given, waits for all currently active child processes, and the return\n"
-" status is zero. If ID is a a job specification, waits for all "
-"processes\n"
+" status is zero. If ID is a a job specification, waits for all processes\n"
" in that job's pipeline.\n"
" \n"
" If the -n option is supplied, waits for the next job to terminate and\n"
"Op taakafsluiting wachten en de afsluitwaarde rapporteren.\n"
"\n"
" Wacht op elk proces aangeduid door een ID -- dat een taakaanduiding of\n"
-" een proces-ID mag zijn -- en rapporteert diens afsluitwaarde. Als geen "
-"ID\n"
-" gegeven is, dan wordt er gewacht op alle actieve dochterprocessen, en "
-"is\n"
-" de afsluitwaarde van 'wait' automatisch 0. Als ID een taakaanduiding "
-"is,\n"
+" een proces-ID mag zijn -- en rapporteert diens afsluitwaarde. Als geen ID\n"
+" gegeven is, dan wordt er gewacht op alle actieve dochterprocessen, en is\n"
+" de afsluitwaarde van 'wait' automatisch 0. Als ID een taakaanduiding is,\n"
" dan wordt er gewacht op alle processen in de pijplijn van die taak.\n"
"\n"
-" Als optie '-n' gegeven is, dan wordt gewacht op de eerstvolgende "
-"voltooiing\n"
+" Als optie '-n' gegeven is, dan wordt gewacht op de eerstvolgende voltooiing\n"
" van een taak en wordt diens afsluitwaarde geretourneerd.\n"
"\n"
" De afsluitwaarde is die van de laatste ID, 1 als ID ongeldig is,\n"
msgid ""
"Wait for process completion and return exit status.\n"
" \n"
-" Waits for each process specified by a PID and reports its termination "
-"status.\n"
+" Waits for each process specified by a PID and reports its termination status.\n"
" If PID is not given, waits for all currently active child processes,\n"
" and the return status is zero. PID must be a process ID.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns the status of the last PID; fails if PID is invalid or an "
-"invalid\n"
+" Returns the status of the last PID; fails if PID is invalid or an invalid\n"
" option is given."
msgstr ""
"Op procesafsluiting wachten en de afsluitwaarde rapporteren.\n"
msgid ""
"Execute commands based on conditional.\n"
" \n"
-" The `if COMMANDS' list is executed. If its exit status is zero, then "
-"the\n"
-" `then COMMANDS' list is executed. Otherwise, each `elif COMMANDS' list "
-"is\n"
+" The `if COMMANDS' list is executed. If its exit status is zero, then the\n"
+" `then COMMANDS' list is executed. Otherwise, each `elif COMMANDS' list is\n"
" executed in turn, and if its exit status is zero, the corresponding\n"
-" `then COMMANDS' list is executed and the if command completes. "
-"Otherwise,\n"
-" the `else COMMANDS' list is executed, if present. The exit status of "
-"the\n"
-" entire construct is the exit status of the last command executed, or "
-"zero\n"
+" `then COMMANDS' list is executed and the if command completes. Otherwise,\n"
+" the `else COMMANDS' list is executed, if present. The exit status of the\n"
+" entire construct is the exit status of the last command executed, or zero\n"
" if no condition tested true.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Voert eerst de opdrachten na 'if' uit; als de afsluitwaarde daarvan\n"
" nul is, dan worden de opdrachten na de eerste 'then' uitgevoerd; anders\n"
" de opdrachten na de eerstvolgende 'elif' (indien aanwezig) of de 'else'\n"
-" (indien aanwezig). Als de afsluitwaarde van de opdrachten na een "
-"'elif'\n"
+" (indien aanwezig). Als de afsluitwaarde van de opdrachten na een 'elif'\n"
" nul is, dan worden de opdrachten na de bijbehorende 'then' uitgevoerd.\n"
" Als er geen verdere 'elif' of 'else' meer is, of zodra de opdrachten na\n"
" een 'then' zijn uitgevoerd, is de 'if'-opdracht voltooid.\n"
"\n"
-" De afsluitwaarde van de gehele opdracht is die van de laatst "
-"uitgevoerde\n"
+" De afsluitwaarde van de gehele opdracht is die van de laatst uitgevoerde\n"
" deelopdracht, of nul als geen enkele 'if' of 'elif' nul opleverde."
#: builtins.c:1620
"Define shell function.\n"
" \n"
" Create a shell function named NAME. When invoked as a simple command,\n"
-" NAME runs COMMANDs in the calling shell's context. When NAME is "
-"invoked,\n"
+" NAME runs COMMANDs in the calling shell's context. When NAME is invoked,\n"
" the arguments are passed to the function as $1...$n, and the function's\n"
" name is in $FUNCNAME.\n"
" \n"
msgid ""
"Execute conditional command.\n"
" \n"
-" Returns a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the "
-"conditional\n"
-" expression EXPRESSION. Expressions are composed of the same primaries "
-"used\n"
-" by the `test' builtin, and may be combined using the following "
-"operators:\n"
+" Returns a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the conditional\n"
+" expression EXPRESSION. Expressions are composed of the same primaries used\n"
+" by the `test' builtin, and may be combined using the following operators:\n"
" \n"
" ( EXPRESSION )\tReturns the value of EXPRESSION\n"
" ! EXPRESSION\t\tTrue if EXPRESSION is false; else false\n"
msgstr ""
"Een voorwaardelijke opdracht uitvoeren.\n"
"\n"
-" Evalueert de gegeven conditionele expressie; afhankelijk van het "
-"resultaat\n"
-" is de afsluitwaarde 0 (\"waar\") of 1 (\"onwaar\"). De expressies "
-"bestaan uit\n"
-" dezelfde basiscomponenten als die van ingebouwde opdracht 'test', en "
-"kunnen\n"
+" Evalueert de gegeven conditionele expressie; afhankelijk van het resultaat\n"
+" is de afsluitwaarde 0 (\"waar\") of 1 (\"onwaar\"). De expressies bestaan uit\n"
+" dezelfde basiscomponenten als die van ingebouwde opdracht 'test', en kunnen\n"
" worden gecombineerd met de volgende operatoren:\n"
"\n"
" ( EXPRESSIE ) de waarde van de gegeven expressie\n"
" ! EXPRESSIE waar als EXPRESSIE onwaar is, anders onwaar\n"
-" EXPR1 && EXPR2 waar als beide expressies waar zijn, anders "
-"onwaar\n"
-" EXPR1 || EXPR2 onwaar als beide expressies onwaar zijn, anders "
-"waar\n"
+" EXPR1 && EXPR2 waar als beide expressies waar zijn, anders onwaar\n"
+" EXPR1 || EXPR2 onwaar als beide expressies onwaar zijn, anders waar\n"
"\n"
" Als '==' of '!=' als operator gebruikt wordt, dan wordt de rechter\n"
" tekenreeks als patroon begrepen en wordt patroonherkenning uitgevoerd.\n"
" Als '=~' als operator gebruikt wordt, dan wordt de rechter tekenreeks\n"
" als een reguliere expressie begrepen.\n"
"\n"
-" De operatoren '&&' en '||' evalueren de tweede expressie níét als de "
-"waarde\n"
+" De operatoren '&&' en '||' evalueren de tweede expressie níét als de waarde\n"
" van de eerste voldoende is om het eindresulaat te bepalen.\n"
"\n"
" De afsluitwaarde is 0 of 1, afhankelijk van EXPRESSIE."
" lijst worden de elementen van elkaar gescheiden door dubbele punten.)\n"
"\n"
" BASH_VERSION versie-informatie van deze 'bash'\n"
-" CDPATH lijst van mappen om te doorzoeken wanneer het argument "
-"van\n"
+" CDPATH lijst van mappen om te doorzoeken wanneer het argument van\n"
" 'cd' niet in de huidige map voorkomt\n"
-" GLOBIGNORE lijst van patronen die de bestandsnamen beschrijven die "
-"bij\n"
+" GLOBIGNORE lijst van patronen die de bestandsnamen beschrijven die bij\n"
" bestandsnaamjokertekenexpansie genegeerd moeten worden\n"
" HISTFILE naam van het bestand dat uw opdrachtengeschiedenis bevat\n"
-" HISTFILESIZE maximum aantal regels dat geschiedenisbestand mag "
-"bevatten\n"
+" HISTFILESIZE maximum aantal regels dat geschiedenisbestand mag bevatten\n"
" HISTIGNORE lijst van patronen die niet in geschiedenis moeten komen\n"
-" HISTSIZE maximum aantal geschiedenisregels dat huidige shell "
-"gebruikt\n"
+" HISTSIZE maximum aantal geschiedenisregels dat huidige shell gebruikt\n"
" HOME het volledige pad naar uw thuismap\n"
-" HOSTNAME de naam van de computer waarop deze 'bash' wordt "
-"uitgevoerd\n"
+" HOSTNAME de naam van de computer waarop deze 'bash' wordt uitgevoerd\n"
" HOSTTYPE de soort CPU waarop deze 'bash' wordt uitgevoerd\n"
" IGNOREEOF het aantal te negeren Ctrl-D's alvorens de shell afsluit\n"
" MACHTYPE de soort machine waarop deze 'bash' wordt uitgevoerd\n"
" MAILCHECK hoe vaak (in seconden) 'bash' controleert op nieuwe mail\n"
-" MAILPATH lijst van bestandsnamen die 'bash' controleert op nieuwe "
-"mail\n"
+" MAILPATH lijst van bestandsnamen die 'bash' controleert op nieuwe mail\n"
" OSTYPE de soort Unix waarop deze 'bash' wordt uitgevoerd\n"
" PATH lijst van mappen waar opdrachten in gezocht moeten worden\n"
-" PROMPT_COMMAND uit te voeren opdracht vóór het tonen van primaire "
-"prompt\n"
+" PROMPT_COMMAND uit te voeren opdracht vóór het tonen van primaire prompt\n"
" PS1 tekenreeks die primaire prompt beschrijft\n"
-" PS2 tekenreeks die secundaire prompt beschrijft (standaard '> "
-"')\n"
+" PS2 tekenreeks die secundaire prompt beschrijft (standaard '> ')\n"
" PWD het volledige pad van de huidige map\n"
" SHELLOPTS lijst van ingeschakelde shell-opties\n"
" TERM soortnaam van de huidige terminal\n"
" TIMEFORMAT opmaakvoorschrift voor de uitvoer van 'time'\n"
-" auto_resume niet-leeg betekent dat één opdrachtwoord op de "
-"opdrachtregel\n"
-" eerst opgezocht wordt in de lijst van gepauzeerde "
-"taken,\n"
-" en indien daar gevonden, dan wordt die taak in de "
-"voorgrond\n"
-" geplaatst; de waarde 'exact' betekent dat het gegeven "
-"woord\n"
-" exact moet overeenkomen met een opdracht in de lijst "
-"van\n"
-" gepauzeerde taken; de waarde 'substring' betekent dat "
-"een\n"
+" auto_resume niet-leeg betekent dat één opdrachtwoord op de opdrachtregel\n"
+" eerst opgezocht wordt in de lijst van gepauzeerde taken,\n"
+" en indien daar gevonden, dan wordt die taak in de voorgrond\n"
+" geplaatst; de waarde 'exact' betekent dat het gegeven woord\n"
+" exact moet overeenkomen met een opdracht in de lijst van\n"
+" gepauzeerde taken; de waarde 'substring' betekent dat een\n"
" overeenkomst met een deeltekenreeks voldoende is; elke\n"
-" andere waarde betekent dat het gegeven woord aan het "
-"begin\n"
+" andere waarde betekent dat het gegeven woord aan het begin\n"
" moet staan van de opdracht van een gepauzeerde taak\n"
" histchars tekens die geschiedenisexpansie en -vervanging besturen;\n"
" het eerste teken is het geschiedenisvervangingsteken,\n"
" gewoonlijk '!'; het tweede teken is het snelle\n"
-" vervangingsteken, gewoonlijk '^'; het derde teken is "
-"het\n"
+" vervangingsteken, gewoonlijk '^'; het derde teken is het\n"
" geschiedeniscommentaarteken, gewoonlijk '#'\n"
#: builtins.c:1794
" \twith its position in the stack\n"
" \n"
" Arguments:\n"
-" +N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown "
-"by\n"
+" +N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown by\n"
" \tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.\n"
" \n"
-" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown "
-"by\n"
+" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown by\n"
" \tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" -c de mappenstapel wissen door alle elementen te verwijderen\n"
" -l paden volledig tonen, niet afgekort ten opzichte van uw thuismap\n"
" -p de mappenstapel tonen met één item per regel\n"
-" -v als '-p', maar met elk item voorafgegeaan wordt door zijn "
-"positie\n"
+" -v als '-p', maar met elk item voorafgegeaan wordt door zijn positie\n"
" in de stapel\n"
"\n"
" Argumenten:\n"
" -N Het N-de item tonen, tellend vanaf rechts, van de lijst getoond\n"
" door 'dirs' wanneer opgeroepen zonder opties, beginnend bij nul.\n"
"\n"
-" De afsluitwaarde is 0, tenzij een ongeldige optie gegeven werd of er "
-"een\n"
+" De afsluitwaarde is 0, tenzij een ongeldige optie gegeven werd of er een\n"
" fout optrad."
#: builtins.c:1887
"Set and unset shell options.\n"
" \n"
" Change the setting of each shell option OPTNAME. Without any option\n"
-" arguments, list all shell options with an indication of whether or not "
-"each\n"
+" arguments, list all shell options with an indication of whether or not each\n"
" is set.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
"Shell-opties in- of uitschakelen.\n"
"\n"
" Stelt de waarde in elke gegeven OPTIENAAM -- van een shell-optie die\n"
-" bepaald shell-gedrag beïnvloedt. Zonder opties wordt een lijst van "
-"alle\n"
+" bepaald shell-gedrag beïnvloedt. Zonder opties wordt een lijst van alle\n"
" instelbare opties getoond, met bij elke optie de vermelding of deze al\n"
" dan niet ingeschakeld is.\n"
"\n"
" Opties:\n"
-" -o de verzameling mogelijke OPTIENAMEN naar diegene die "
-"gedefinieerd\n"
+" -o de verzameling mogelijke OPTIENAMEN naar diegene die gedefinieerd\n"
" zijn voor gebruik met 'set -o'\n"
" -p uitvoer produceren die herbruikbaar is als invoer\n"
" -q uitvoer onderdrukken\n"
" -s elke gegeven OPTIENAAM inschakelen\n"
" -u elke gegeven OPTIENAAM uitschakelen\n"
"\n"
-" Zonder opties (of met alleen '-q') is de afsluitwaarde 0 indien "
-"OPTIENAAM\n"
+" Zonder opties (of met alleen '-q') is de afsluitwaarde 0 indien OPTIENAAM\n"
" ingeschakeld is, 1 indien uitgeschakeld. De afsluitwaarde is ook 1 als\n"
" een ongeldige optienaam gegeven werd, en de afsluitwaarde is 2 als een\n"
" ongeldige optie gegeven werd."
" -v var\tassign the output to shell variable VAR rather than\n"
" \t\tdisplay it on the standard output\n"
" \n"
-" FORMAT is a character string which contains three types of objects: "
-"plain\n"
-" characters, which are simply copied to standard output; character "
-"escape\n"
+" FORMAT is a character string which contains three types of objects: plain\n"
+" characters, which are simply copied to standard output; character escape\n"
" sequences, which are converted and copied to the standard output; and\n"
-" format specifications, each of which causes printing of the next "
-"successive\n"
+" format specifications, each of which causes printing of the next successive\n"
" argument.\n"
" \n"
-" In addition to the standard format specifications described in "
-"printf(1),\n"
+" In addition to the standard format specifications described in printf(1),\n"
" printf interprets:\n"
" \n"
" %b\texpand backslash escape sequences in the corresponding argument\n"
" %q\tquote the argument in a way that can be reused as shell input\n"
-" %(fmt)T output the date-time string resulting from using FMT as a "
-"format\n"
+" %(fmt)T output the date-time string resulting from using FMT as a format\n"
" string for strftime(3)\n"
" \n"
" The format is re-used as necessary to consume all of the arguments. If\n"
" there are fewer arguments than the format requires, extra format\n"
-" specifications behave as if a zero value or null string, as "
-"appropriate,\n"
+" specifications behave as if a zero value or null string, as appropriate,\n"
" had been supplied.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or a write or "
-"assignment\n"
+" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or a write or assignment\n"
" error occurs."
msgstr ""
"Argumenten volgens een opmaakvoorschrift opmaken en printen.\n"
" kan worden. Verder betekent %(OPMAAK)T dat datum-plus-tijd getoond\n"
" moet worden door deze opmaak aan strftime(3) mee te geven.\n"
"\n"
-" De gegeven opmaak wordt zo vaak hergebruikt als nodig is om alle "
-"argumenten\n"
-" te consumeren. Als er minder argumenten zijn dan de opmaak verwacht, "
-"dan\n"
-" gedragen de overtollige opmaakspecificaties zich alsof (al naar gelang) "
-"de\n"
+" De gegeven opmaak wordt zo vaak hergebruikt als nodig is om alle argumenten\n"
+" te consumeren. Als er minder argumenten zijn dan de opmaak verwacht, dan\n"
+" gedragen de overtollige opmaakspecificaties zich alsof (al naar gelang) de\n"
" waarde nul of een lege tekenreeks gegeven werd.\n"
"\n"
-" De afsluitwaarde is 0, tenzij een ongeldige optie gegeven werd of er "
-"een\n"
+" De afsluitwaarde is 0, tenzij een ongeldige optie gegeven werd of er een\n"
" schrijf- of toekenningsfout optrad."
#: builtins.c:1942
msgid ""
"Specify how arguments are to be completed by Readline.\n"
" \n"
-" For each NAME, specify how arguments are to be completed. If no "
-"options\n"
-" are supplied, existing completion specifications are printed in a way "
-"that\n"
+" For each NAME, specify how arguments are to be completed. If no options\n"
+" are supplied, existing completion specifications are printed in a way that\n"
" allows them to be reused as input.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
"Aangeven hoe argumenten door 'readline' gecompleteerd moeten worden.\n"
"\n"
" Geeft voor elke gegeven NAAM aan hoe de argumenten gecompleteerd dienen\n"
-" te worden. Zonder opties worden de bestaande "
-"completeringsvoorschriften\n"
+" te worden. Zonder opties worden de bestaande completeringsvoorschriften\n"
" getoond (in een vorm die als invoer hergebruikt kan worden).\n"
"\n"
" Opties:\n"
" de volgorde van de bovenstaande hoofdletteropties. Optie '-D' gaat\n"
" voor optie '-E'.\n"
"\n"
-" De afsluitwaarde is 0, tenzij een ongeldige optie gegeven werd of er "
-"een\n"
+" De afsluitwaarde is 0, tenzij een ongeldige optie gegeven werd of er een\n"
" fout optrad."
#: builtins.c:1970
"Display possible completions depending on the options.\n"
" \n"
" Intended to be used from within a shell function generating possible\n"
-" completions. If the optional WORD argument is supplied, matches "
-"against\n"
+" completions. If the optional WORD argument is supplied, matches against\n"
" WORD are generated.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" genereert. Als het optionele argument WOORD aanwezig is, worden alleen\n"
" de daarbij passende completeringen gegenereerd.\n"
"\n"
-" De afsluitwaarde is 0, tenzij een ongeldige optie gegeven werd of er "
-"een\n"
+" De afsluitwaarde is 0, tenzij een ongeldige optie gegeven werd of er een\n"
" fout optrad."
#: builtins.c:1985
msgid ""
"Modify or display completion options.\n"
" \n"
-" Modify the completion options for each NAME, or, if no NAMEs are "
-"supplied,\n"
-" the completion currently being executed. If no OPTIONs are given, "
-"print\n"
-" the completion options for each NAME or the current completion "
-"specification.\n"
+" Modify the completion options for each NAME, or, if no NAMEs are supplied,\n"
+" the completion currently being executed. If no OPTIONs are given, print\n"
+" the completion options for each NAME or the current completion specification.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" \t-o option\tSet completion option OPTION for each NAME\n"
"Completeringsopties wijzigen of tonen.\n"
"\n"
" Wijzigt de completeringsopties van elke gegeven NAAM, of als geen NAAM\n"
-" gegeven is, die van de huidige completering. Als geen OPTIE gegeven "
-"is,\n"
+" gegeven is, die van de huidige completering. Als geen OPTIE gegeven is,\n"
" dan worden de completeringsopties van elke gegeven NAAM getoond, of die\n"
" van de huidige completering.\n"
"\n"
"\n"
" Elke NAAM dient te refereren aan een opdracht waarvoor reeds een\n"
" completeringsvoorschrift gedefinieerd is via de opdracht 'complete'.\n"
-" Als geen NAAM gegeven is, dan dient 'compopt' aangeroepen te worden "
-"door\n"
-" een functie die momenteel completeringen genereert; dan worden de "
-"opties\n"
+" Als geen NAAM gegeven is, dan dient 'compopt' aangeroepen te worden door\n"
+" een functie die momenteel completeringen genereert; dan worden de opties\n"
" voor die draaiende completeringsgenerator gewijzigd.\n"
"\n"
" De afsluitwaarde is 0, tenzij een ongeldige optie gegeven werd of voor\n"
msgid ""
"Read lines from the standard input into an indexed array variable.\n"
" \n"
-" Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable "
-"ARRAY, or\n"
-" from file descriptor FD if the -u option is supplied. The variable "
-"MAPFILE\n"
+" Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable ARRAY, or\n"
+" from file descriptor FD if the -u option is supplied. The variable MAPFILE\n"
" is the default ARRAY.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
-" -n count\tCopy at most COUNT lines. If COUNT is 0, all lines are "
-"copied.\n"
-" -O origin\tBegin assigning to ARRAY at index ORIGIN. The default "
-"index is 0.\n"
+" -n count\tCopy at most COUNT lines. If COUNT is 0, all lines are copied.\n"
+" -O origin\tBegin assigning to ARRAY at index ORIGIN. The default index is 0.\n"
" -s count \tDiscard the first COUNT lines read.\n"
" -t\t\tRemove a trailing newline from each line read.\n"
-" -u fd\t\tRead lines from file descriptor FD instead of the standard "
-"input.\n"
+" -u fd\t\tRead lines from file descriptor FD instead of the standard input.\n"
" -C callback\tEvaluate CALLBACK each time QUANTUM lines are read.\n"
-" -c quantum\tSpecify the number of lines read between each call to "
-"CALLBACK.\n"
+" -c quantum\tSpecify the number of lines read between each call to CALLBACK.\n"
" \n"
" Arguments:\n"
" ARRAY\t\tArray variable name to use for file data.\n"
" element to be assigned and the line to be assigned to that element\n"
" as additional arguments.\n"
" \n"
-" If not supplied with an explicit origin, mapfile will clear ARRAY "
-"before\n"
+" If not supplied with an explicit origin, mapfile will clear ARRAY before\n"
" assigning to it.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or ARRAY is readonly "
-"or\n"
+" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or ARRAY is readonly or\n"
" not an indexed array."
msgstr ""
"Regels inlezen in een geïndexeerde array-variabele.\n"
" -n AANTAL maximaal dit aantal regels kopiëren (0 = alles)\n"
" -O BEGIN met toekennen beginnen bij deze index (standaard 0)\n"
" -s AANTAL dit aantal regels overslaan\n"
-" -t nieuweregelteken aan eind van elke gelezen regel "
-"verwijderen\n"
-" -u BES.DES. uit deze bestandsdescriptor lezen i.p.v. uit "
-"standaardinvoer\n"
+" -t nieuweregelteken aan eind van elke gelezen regel verwijderen\n"
+" -u BES.DES. uit deze bestandsdescriptor lezen i.p.v. uit standaardinvoer\n"
" -C FUNCTIE deze functie evalueren na elke HOEVEELHEID regels\n"
-" -c HOEVEELHEID het aantal te lezen regels voor elke aanroep van "
-"FUNCTIE\n"
+" -c HOEVEELHEID het aantal te lezen regels voor elke aanroep van FUNCTIE\n"
"\n"
" Argument:\n"
-" ARRAY naam van array-variabele waarin regels ingelezen moeten "
-"worden\n"
+" ARRAY naam van array-variabele waarin regels ingelezen moeten worden\n"
"\n"
" Als '-C' gegeven is zonder '-c', is de standaard-HOEVEELHEID 5000.\n"
" Wanneer FUNCTIE aangeroepen wordt, dan wordt hieraan de index van het\n"
" Als geen expliciet BEGIN gegeven is, wordt het array gewist alvorens\n"
" met toekennen te beginnen.\n"
"\n"
-" De afsluitwaarde is 0, tenzij ARRAY alleen-lezen is of geen array is, "
-"of\n"
+" De afsluitwaarde is 0, tenzij ARRAY alleen-lezen is of geen array is, of\n"
" een ongeldige optie gegeven werd."
#: builtins.c:2049
"\n"
" Een synoniem voor 'mapfile'."
-#~ msgid "Copyright (C) 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\n"
-#~ msgstr "Copyright (C) 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\n"
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "License GPLv2+: GNU GPL version 2 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl."
-#~ "html>\n"
+#~ msgid "License GPLv2+: GNU GPL version 2 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>\n"
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "De licentie is GPLv2+: GNU GPL versie 2 of later.\n"
#~ "Zie http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html voor de volledige tekst.\n"
# Polish translation of bash
-# Copyright (C) 2007, 2010, 2011, 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# Copyright (C) 2007, 2010, 2011, 2013, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
# This file is distributed under the same license as the bash package.
# Andrzej M. Krzysztofowicz <ankry@mif.pg.gda.pl> 2006,2007.
-# Jakub Bogusz <qboosh@pld-linux.org> 2010-2013.
+# Jakub Bogusz <qboosh@pld-linux.org> 2010-2014.
#
msgid ""
msgstr ""
-"Project-Id-Version: bash 4.3-pre2\n"
+"Project-Id-Version: bash 4.3-rc2\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-01-23 16:04-0500\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2013-08-18 11:22+0200\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-01-30 20:40+0100\n"
"Last-Translator: Jakub Bogusz <qboosh@pld-linux.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Polish <translation-team-pl@lists.sourceforge.net>\n"
"Language: pl\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
-"Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=(n==1 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n%10<=4 && (n%100<10 "
-"|| n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2);\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=(n==1 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n%10<=4 && (n%100<10 || n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2);\n"
#: arrayfunc.c:51
msgid "bad array subscript"
# ???
#: bashline.c:3971
msgid "bash_execute_unix_command: cannot find keymap for command"
-msgstr ""
-"bash_execute_unix_command: nie można znaleźć mapy klawiszy dla polecenia"
+msgstr "bash_execute_unix_command: nie można znaleźć mapy klawiszy dla polecenia"
#: bashline.c:4058
#, c-format
#: braces.c:321
#, c-format
msgid "brace expansion: cannot allocate memory for %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "rozwijanie nawiasów: nie można przydzielić pamięci dla %s"
#: braces.c:413
#, c-format
msgid "brace expansion: failed to allocate memory for %d elements"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "rozwijanie nawiasów: nie udało się przydzielić pamięci dla elementów w liczbie %d"
#: braces.c:452
#, c-format
msgid "brace expansion: failed to allocate memory for `%s'"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "rozwijanie nawiasów: nie udało się przydzielić pamięci dla `%s'"
#: builtins/alias.def:132
#, c-format
#: builtins/help.def:182
#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"no help topics match `%s'. Try `help help' or `man -k %s' or `info %s'."
+msgid "no help topics match `%s'. Try `help help' or `man -k %s' or `info %s'."
msgstr ""
"żaden temat pomocy nie pasuje do `%s'. Spróbuj `help help', `man -k %s'\n"
"lub `info %s'."
"zobaczyć listę.\n"
"Napisz `help nazwa', aby otrzymać więcej informacji o funkcji `nazwa'.\n"
"Użyj `info bash', aby otrzymać więcej informacji ogólnych o powłoce.\n"
-"Użyj `man -k' lub `info', aby otrzymać więcej informacji o poleceniach z "
-"tej\n"
+"Użyj `man -k' lub `info', aby otrzymać więcej informacji o poleceniach z tej\n"
"listy.\n"
"\n"
"Gwiazdka (*) po nazwie oznacza, że dane polecenie jest wyłączone.\n"
#: builtins/printf.def:768
#, c-format
msgid "format parsing problem: %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "problem z analizą formatu: %s"
#: builtins/printf.def:865
msgid "missing hex digit for \\x"
" \twith its position in the stack\n"
" \n"
" Arguments:\n"
-" +N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown "
-"by\n"
+" +N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown by\n"
" \tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.\n"
" \n"
-" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown "
-"by\n"
+" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown by\n"
"\tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero."
msgstr ""
"Wypisanie listy aktualnie pamiętanych katalogów. Katalogi umieszczane są\n"
" za pomocą polecenia `popd'.\n"
" \n"
" Opcje:\n"
-" -c\twyczyszczenie stosu katalogów poprzez usunięcie wszystkich "
-"elementów\n"
+" -c\twyczyszczenie stosu katalogów poprzez usunięcie wszystkich elementów\n"
" -l\tniewypisywanie katalogów względem kat. domowego użytkownika\n"
" \tw postaci skróconej z tyldą\n"
" -p\twypisanie stosu katalogów po jednym wpisie w linii\n"
#: expr.c:976
msgid "identifier expected after pre-increment or pre-decrement"
-msgstr ""
-"spodziewany identyfikator po operatorze preinkrementacji lub predekrementacji"
+msgstr "spodziewany identyfikator po operatorze preinkrementacji lub predekrementacji"
#: expr.c:1002
msgid "missing `)'"
#: jobs.c:3220
msgid "waitchld: turning on WNOHANG to avoid indefinite block"
-msgstr ""
-"waitchld: wyłączanie WNOHANG w celu uniknięcia nieskończonego oczekiwania"
+msgstr "waitchld: wyłączanie WNOHANG w celu uniknięcia nieskończonego oczekiwania"
#: jobs.c:3711
#, c-format
#: make_cmd.c:662
#, c-format
msgid "here-document at line %d delimited by end-of-file (wanted `%s')"
-msgstr ""
-"dokument miejscowy w linii %d ograniczony końcem pliku (oczekiwano `%s')"
+msgstr "dokument miejscowy w linii %d ograniczony końcem pliku (oczekiwano `%s')"
#: make_cmd.c:759
#, c-format
#: shell.c:1856
#, c-format
msgid "Type `%s -c \"help set\"' for more information about shell options.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Aby uzyskać więcej informacji o opcjach powłoki, napisz `%s -c \"help set"
-"\"'.\n"
+msgstr "Aby uzyskać więcej informacji o opcjach powłoki, napisz `%s -c \"help set\"'.\n"
#: shell.c:1857
#, c-format
msgstr "$%s: nie można przypisywać w ten sposób"
#: subst.c:7917
-msgid ""
-"future versions of the shell will force evaluation as an arithmetic "
-"substitution"
-msgstr ""
-"przyszłe wersje powłoki będą wymuszać obliczenie jako podstawienie "
-"arytmetyczne"
+msgid "future versions of the shell will force evaluation as an arithmetic substitution"
+msgstr "przyszłe wersje powłoki będą wymuszać obliczenie jako podstawienie arytmetyczne"
#: subst.c:8421
#, c-format
#: trap.c:375
#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"run_pending_traps: signal handler is SIG_DFL, resending %d (%s) to myself"
-msgstr ""
-"run_pending_traps: obsługa sygnału jest ustawiona na SIG_DFL, wysyłając %d "
-"(%s) do siebie"
+msgid "run_pending_traps: signal handler is SIG_DFL, resending %d (%s) to myself"
+msgstr "run_pending_traps: obsługa sygnału jest ustawiona na SIG_DFL, wysyłając %d (%s) do siebie"
#: trap.c:428
#, c-format
msgstr "poziom powłoki (%d) jest za duży, ustawiono na 1"
#: variables.c:1865
-#, fuzzy, c-format
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: circular name reference"
-msgstr "%s: nieprawidłowa nazwa zmiennej przy odwołaniu do nazwy"
+msgstr "%s: cykliczne odwołanie do nazwy"
#: variables.c:2228
msgid "make_local_variable: no function context at current scope"
#: variables.c:4431
msgid "pop_scope: head of shell_variables not a temporary environment scope"
-msgstr ""
-"pop_scope: nagłówek shell_variables poza zakresem tymczasowego środowiska"
+msgstr "pop_scope: nagłówek shell_variables poza zakresem tymczasowego środowiska"
#: variables.c:5257
#, c-format
msgstr "%s: %s: wartość kompatybilna poza zakresem"
#: version.c:46
-#, fuzzy
msgid "Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr "Copyright (C) 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgstr "Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#: version.c:47 version2.c:47
-msgid ""
-"License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl."
-"html>\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Licencja GPLv3+: GNU GPL wersja 3 lub późniejsza <http://gnu.org/licenses/"
-"gpl.html>\n"
+msgid "License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>\n"
+msgstr "Licencja GPLv3+: GNU GPL wersja 3 lub późniejsza <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>\n"
#: version.c:86 version2.c:86
#, c-format
#: version.c:91 version2.c:91
msgid "This is free software; you are free to change and redistribute it."
-msgstr ""
-"To oprogramowanie jest wolnodostępne; można je swobodnie zmieniać i "
-"rozpowszechniać."
+msgstr "To oprogramowanie jest wolnodostępne; można je swobodnie zmieniać i rozpowszechniać."
#: version.c:92 version2.c:92
msgid "There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law."
msgstr "unalias [-a] nazwa [nazwa ...]"
#: builtins.c:51
-msgid ""
-"bind [-lpsvPSVX] [-m keymap] [-f filename] [-q name] [-u name] [-r keyseq] [-"
-"x keyseq:shell-command] [keyseq:readline-function or readline-command]"
-msgstr ""
-"bind [-lpvsPVSX] [-m mapa] [-f plik] [-q nazwa] [-u nazwa] [-r sekwencja] [-"
-"x sekwencja:polecenie-powłoki] [sekwencja:funkcja-readline lub polecenie-"
-"readline]"
+msgid "bind [-lpsvPSVX] [-m keymap] [-f filename] [-q name] [-u name] [-r keyseq] [-x keyseq:shell-command] [keyseq:readline-function or readline-command]"
+msgstr "bind [-lpvsPVSX] [-m mapa] [-f plik] [-q nazwa] [-u nazwa] [-r sekwencja] [-x sekwencja:polecenie-powłoki] [sekwencja:funkcja-readline lub polecenie-readline]"
#: builtins.c:54
msgid "break [n]"
msgstr "caller [wyrażenie]"
#: builtins.c:64
-#, fuzzy
msgid "cd [-L|[-P [-e]] [-@]] [dir]"
-msgstr "cd [-L|[-P [-e]]] [katalog]"
+msgstr "cd [-L|[-P [-e]] [-@]] [katalog]"
#: builtins.c:66
msgid "pwd [-LP]"
#: builtins.c:103
msgid "fc [-e ename] [-lnr] [first] [last] or fc -s [pat=rep] [command]"
-msgstr ""
-"fc [-e nazwa-ed] [-lnr] [pierwszy] [ostatni] lub fc -s [wz=zam] [polecenie]"
+msgstr "fc [-e nazwa-ed] [-lnr] [pierwszy] [ostatni] lub fc -s [wz=zam] [polecenie]"
#: builtins.c:107
msgid "fg [job_spec]"
msgstr "help [-dms] [wzorzec ...]"
#: builtins.c:121
-msgid ""
-"history [-c] [-d offset] [n] or history -anrw [filename] or history -ps arg "
-"[arg...]"
-msgstr ""
-"history [-c] [-d offset] [n] lub history -anrw [plik] lub history -ps arg "
-"[arg ...]"
+msgid "history [-c] [-d offset] [n] or history -anrw [filename] or history -ps arg [arg...]"
+msgstr "history [-c] [-d offset] [n] lub history -anrw [plik] lub history -ps arg [arg ...]"
#: builtins.c:125
msgid "jobs [-lnprs] [jobspec ...] or jobs -x command [args]"
msgstr "disown [-h] [-ar] [zadanie ...]"
#: builtins.c:132
-msgid ""
-"kill [-s sigspec | -n signum | -sigspec] pid | jobspec ... or kill -l "
-"[sigspec]"
-msgstr ""
-"kill [-s sygnał | -n numer-sygnału | -sygnał] pid | zadanie ... lub kill -l "
-"[sygnał]"
+msgid "kill [-s sigspec | -n signum | -sigspec] pid | jobspec ... or kill -l [sigspec]"
+msgstr "kill [-s sygnał | -n numer-sygnału | -sygnał] pid | zadanie ... lub kill -l [sygnał]"
#: builtins.c:134
msgid "let arg [arg ...]"
msgstr "let arg [arg ...]"
#: builtins.c:136
-msgid ""
-"read [-ers] [-a array] [-d delim] [-i text] [-n nchars] [-N nchars] [-p "
-"prompt] [-t timeout] [-u fd] [name ...]"
-msgstr ""
-"read [-ers] [-a tablica] [-d separator] [-i tekst] [-n liczba] [-N liczba] [-"
-"p zachęta] [-t czas] [-u fd] [nazwa ...]"
+msgid "read [-ers] [-a array] [-d delim] [-i text] [-n nchars] [-N nchars] [-p prompt] [-t timeout] [-u fd] [name ...]"
+msgstr "read [-ers] [-a tablica] [-d separator] [-i tekst] [-n liczba] [-N liczba] [-p zachęta] [-t czas] [-u fd] [nazwa ...]"
#: builtins.c:138
msgid "return [n]"
msgstr "case SŁOWO in [WZORZEC [| WZORZEC]...) POLECENIA ;;]... esac"
#: builtins.c:192
-msgid ""
-"if COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; [ elif COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; ]... [ else "
-"COMMANDS; ] fi"
-msgstr ""
-"if POLECENIA; then POLECENIA; [ elif POLECENIA; then POLECENIA; ]... [ else "
-"POLECENIA; ] fi"
+msgid "if COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; [ elif COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; ]... [ else COMMANDS; ] fi"
+msgstr "if POLECENIA; then POLECENIA; [ elif POLECENIA; then POLECENIA; ]... [ else POLECENIA; ] fi"
#: builtins.c:194
msgid "while COMMANDS; do COMMANDS; done"
msgstr "printf [-v var] format [argumenty]"
#: builtins.c:229
-msgid ""
-"complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DE] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-"
-"W wordlist] [-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S "
-"suffix] [name ...]"
-msgstr ""
-"complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DE] [-o opcja] [-A akcja] [-G wzorzec-glob] "
-"[-W lista-słów] [-F funkcja] [-C polecenie] [-X wzorzec-filtra] [-P "
-"przedrostek] [-S przyrostek] [nazwa ...]"
+msgid "complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DE] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] [-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [name ...]"
+msgstr "complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DE] [-o opcja] [-A akcja] [-G wzorzec-glob] [-W lista-słów] [-F funkcja] [-C polecenie] [-X wzorzec-filtra] [-P przedrostek] [-S przyrostek] [nazwa ...]"
#: builtins.c:233
-msgid ""
-"compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] "
-"[-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [word]"
-msgstr ""
-"compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o opcja] [-A akcja] [-G wzorzec-glob] [-W lista-"
-"słów] [-F funkcja] [-C polecenie] [-X wzorzec-filtra] [-P przedrostek ] [-S "
-"przyrostek] [słowo]"
+msgid "compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] [-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [word]"
+msgstr "compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o opcja] [-A akcja] [-G wzorzec-glob] [-W lista-słów] [-F funkcja] [-C polecenie] [-X wzorzec-filtra] [-P przedrostek ] [-S przyrostek] [słowo]"
#: builtins.c:237
msgid "compopt [-o|+o option] [-DE] [name ...]"
msgstr "compopt [-o|+o opcja] [-DE] [nazwa ...]"
#: builtins.c:240
-msgid ""
-"mapfile [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c "
-"quantum] [array]"
-msgstr ""
-"mapfile [-n liczba] [-O początek] [-s liczba] [-t] [-u fd] [-C wywołanie] [-"
-"c co-ile] [tablica]"
+msgid "mapfile [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c quantum] [array]"
+msgstr "mapfile [-n liczba] [-O początek] [-s liczba] [-t] [-u fd] [-C wywołanie] [-c co-ile] [tablica]"
#: builtins.c:242
-msgid ""
-"readarray [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c "
-"quantum] [array]"
-msgstr ""
-"readarray [-n liczba] [-O początek] [-s liczba] [-t] [-u fd] [-C wywołanie] "
-"[-c co-ile] [tablica]"
+msgid "readarray [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c quantum] [array]"
+msgstr "readarray [-n liczba] [-O początek] [-s liczba] [-t] [-u fd] [-C wywołanie] [-c co-ile] [tablica]"
#: builtins.c:254
msgid ""
" -p\tPrint all defined aliases in a reusable format\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" alias returns true unless a NAME is supplied for which no alias has "
-"been\n"
+" alias returns true unless a NAME is supplied for which no alias has been\n"
" defined."
msgstr ""
"Definiowanie i wyświetlanie aliasów.\n"
" Bez argumentów `alias' wypisuje na standardowym wyjściu listę aliasów\n"
" w postaci alias NAZWA=WARTOŚĆ.\n"
" \n"
-" W przeciwnym przypadku definiowany jest alias dla każdej NAZWY, dla "
-"której\n"
-" podano WARTOŚĆ. Spacja na końcu WARTOŚCI powoduje, że podczas "
-"rozwijania\n"
+" W przeciwnym przypadku definiowany jest alias dla każdej NAZWY, dla której\n"
+" podano WARTOŚĆ. Spacja na końcu WARTOŚCI powoduje, że podczas rozwijania\n"
" tego aliasu podstawienie aliasów będzie przeprowadzone także dla\n"
" następnego słowa.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -m keymap Use KEYMAP as the keymap for the duration of this\n"
" command. Acceptable keymap names are emacs,\n"
-" emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-"
-"move,\n"
+" emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-move,\n"
" vi-command, and vi-insert.\n"
" -l List names of functions.\n"
" -P List function names and bindings.\n"
" -p List functions and bindings in a form that can be\n"
" reused as input.\n"
-" -S List key sequences that invoke macros and their "
-"values\n"
-" -s List key sequences that invoke macros and their "
-"values\n"
+" -S List key sequences that invoke macros and their values\n"
+" -s List key sequences that invoke macros and their values\n"
" in a form that can be reused as input.\n"
" -V List variable names and values\n"
" -v List variable names and values in a form that can\n"
" be reused as input.\n"
" -q function-name Query about which keys invoke the named function.\n"
-" -u function-name Unbind all keys which are bound to the named "
-"function.\n"
+" -u function-name Unbind all keys which are bound to the named function.\n"
" -r keyseq Remove the binding for KEYSEQ.\n"
" -f filename Read key bindings from FILENAME.\n"
" -x keyseq:shell-command\tCause SHELL-COMMAND to be executed when\n"
" \n"
" Przypisanie sekwencji klawiszy do funkcji Readline lub makra albo\n"
" ustawienie zmiennej Readline. Składnia pozbawiona opcji jest równoważna\n"
-" stosowanej w ~/.inputrc, ale musi być przekazana jako jeden argument, "
-"np.:\n"
+" stosowanej w ~/.inputrc, ale musi być przekazana jako jeden argument, np.:\n"
" bind '\"\\C-x\\C-r\": re-read-init-file'.\n"
" \n"
" Opcje:\n"
" -m MAPA Użycie MAPY jako mapy klawiatury na czas tego\n"
-" polecenia. Dozwolone nazwy map klawiatury to "
-"emacs,\n"
-" emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-"
-"move,\n"
+" polecenia. Dozwolone nazwy map klawiatury to emacs,\n"
+" emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-move,\n"
" vi-command i vi-insert.\n"
" -l Wypisanie nazw funkcji.\n"
" -P Wypisanie nazw funkcji i dowiązań.\n"
-" -p Wypisanie funkcji i dowiązań w postaci nadającej "
-"się\n"
+" -p Wypisanie funkcji i dowiązań w postaci nadającej się\n"
" do użycia jako dane wejściowe.\n"
-" -S Wypisanie sekwencji klawiszy wywołujących makra "
-"oraz\n"
+" -S Wypisanie sekwencji klawiszy wywołujących makra oraz\n"
" ich wartości.\n"
-" -s Wypisanie sekwencji klawiszy wywołujących makra "
-"oraz\n"
-" ich wartości w postaci nadającej się do użycia "
-"jako\n"
+" -s Wypisanie sekwencji klawiszy wywołujących makra oraz\n"
+" ich wartości w postaci nadającej się do użycia jako\n"
" dane wejściowe.\n"
" -V Wypisanie nazw zmiennych i ich wartości.\n"
" -v Wypisanie nazw zmiennych i ich wartości w postaci\n"
" nadającej się do użycia jako dane wejściowe.\n"
-" -q nazwa-funkcji Określenie, które klawisze wywołują zadaną "
-"funkcję.\n"
+" -q nazwa-funkcji Określenie, które klawisze wywołują zadaną funkcję.\n"
" -u nazwa-funkcji Anulowanie wszystkich dowiązań dla klawiszy\n"
" przypisanych do funkcji o podanej nazwie.\n"
" -r sekwencja Usunięcie dowiązania dla SEKWENCJI klawiszy.\n"
" -f plik Odczyt dowiązań dla klawiszy z podanego PLIKU.\n"
-" -x sekwencja:polecenie-powłoki\tPowoduje uruchomienie POLECENIA-"
-"POWŁOKI\n"
+" -x sekwencja:polecenie-powłoki\tPowoduje uruchomienie POLECENIA-POWŁOKI\n"
" \t\t\t\tgdy wprowadzona zostanie podana SEKWENCJA klawiszy.\n"
-" -X Lista sekwencji klawiszy przypisanych przez -x "
-"oraz\n"
-" powiązane polecenia w postaci nadającej się do "
-"użycia\n"
+" -X Lista sekwencji klawiszy przypisanych przez -x oraz\n"
+" powiązane polecenia w postaci nadającej się do użycia\n"
" jako dane wejściowe.\n"
" \n"
" Stan wyjściowy:\n"
msgstr ""
"Wyjście z pętli for, while lub until.\n"
" \n"
-" Wyjście z pętli FOR, WHILE lub UNTIL. Jeśli podano N, sterowanie "
-"wychodzi\n"
+" Wyjście z pętli FOR, WHILE lub UNTIL. Jeśli podano N, sterowanie wychodzi\n"
" za N-tą zagnieżdżoną pętlę.\n"
" \n"
" Stan wyjściowy:\n"
" \n"
" Execute SHELL-BUILTIN with arguments ARGs without performing command\n"
" lookup. This is useful when you wish to reimplement a shell builtin\n"
-" as a shell function, but need to execute the builtin within the "
-"function.\n"
+" as a shell function, but need to execute the builtin within the function.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns the exit status of SHELL-BUILTIN, or false if SHELL-BUILTIN is\n"
" \n"
" Wywołanie POLECENIA-WBUDOWANEGO z argumentami ARG bez wykonywania\n"
" wyszukiwania polecenia. Jest to przydatne w przypadku ponownego\n"
-" implementowania polecenia wbudowanego jako funkcji powłoki i "
-"wywoływania\n"
+" implementowania polecenia wbudowanego jako funkcji powłoki i wywoływania\n"
" polecenia wbudowanego z wewnątrz tej funkcji.\n"
" \n"
" Stan wyjściowy:\n"
msgstr ""
"Zwrócenie kontekstu wywołania bieżącej procedury.\n"
" \n"
-" Bez WYRAŻENIA zwracane jest \"$linia $plik\". Z WYRAŻENIEM zwracane "
-"jest\n"
-" \"$linia $procedura $plik\"; dodatkowe informacje służą do "
-"udostępnienia\n"
+" Bez WYRAŻENIA zwracane jest \"$linia $plik\". Z WYRAŻENIEM zwracane jest\n"
+" \"$linia $procedura $plik\"; dodatkowe informacje służą do udostępnienia\n"
" śladu stosu.\n"
" \n"
" Wartość WYRAŻENIA określa o ile ramek wywołań względem bieżącej ramki\n"
" jest nieprawidłowe."
#: builtins.c:385
-#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Change the shell working directory.\n"
" \n"
-" Change the current directory to DIR. The default DIR is the value of "
-"the\n"
+" Change the current directory to DIR. The default DIR is the value of the\n"
" HOME shell variable.\n"
" \n"
-" The variable CDPATH defines the search path for the directory "
-"containing\n"
-" DIR. Alternative directory names in CDPATH are separated by a colon "
-"(:).\n"
-" A null directory name is the same as the current directory. If DIR "
-"begins\n"
+" The variable CDPATH defines the search path for the directory containing\n"
+" DIR. Alternative directory names in CDPATH are separated by a colon (:).\n"
+" A null directory name is the same as the current directory. If DIR begins\n"
" with a slash (/), then CDPATH is not used.\n"
" \n"
-" If the directory is not found, and the shell option `cdable_vars' is "
-"set,\n"
-" the word is assumed to be a variable name. If that variable has a "
-"value,\n"
+" If the directory is not found, and the shell option `cdable_vars' is set,\n"
+" the word is assumed to be a variable name. If that variable has a value,\n"
" its value is used for DIR.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" \tof `..'\n"
" -e\tif the -P option is supplied, and the current working directory\n"
" \tcannot be determined successfully, exit with a non-zero status\n"
-" -@ on systems that support it, present a file with extended "
-"attributes\n"
+" -@ on systems that support it, present a file with extended attributes\n"
" as a directory containing the file attributes\n"
" \n"
" The default is to follow symbolic links, as if `-L' were specified.\n"
-" `..' is processed by removing the immediately previous pathname "
-"component\n"
+" `..' is processed by removing the immediately previous pathname component\n"
" back to a slash or the beginning of DIR.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns 0 if the directory is changed, and if $PWD is set successfully "
-"when\n"
+" Returns 0 if the directory is changed, and if $PWD is set successfully when\n"
" -P is used; non-zero otherwise."
msgstr ""
"Zmiana bieżącego katalogu powłoki.\n"
" zmiennej powłoki HOME.\n"
" \n"
" Zmienna CDPATH określa ścieżkę przeszukiwania w poszukiwaniu katalogu\n"
-" zawierającego KATALOG. Alternatywne nazwy katalogów są w CDPATH "
-"rozdzielone\n"
+" zawierającego KATALOG. Alternatywne nazwy katalogów są w CDPATH rozdzielone\n"
" dwukropkami (:). Pusta nazwa katalogu oznacza to samo, co katalog\n"
" bieżący. Jeśli KATALOG zaczyna się od ukośnika (/), to CDPATH nie\n"
" nie jest używane.\n"
" \n"
" Gdy katalog nie zostanie znaleziony, a ustawiona jest zmienna powłoki\n"
-" `cdable_vars', to następuje próba użycia podanej nazwy jako nazwy "
-"zmiennej.\n"
+" `cdable_vars', to następuje próba użycia podanej nazwy jako nazwy zmiennej.\n"
" Jeśli zmienna ta ma wartość, to jako KATALOG jest używana jej wartość.\n"
" \n"
" Opcje:\n"
" \tprzetworzeniem wszystkich `..'\n"
" -e\tjeśli podano opcję -P, a nie można określić bieżącego katalogu,\n"
" \tpolecenie kończy się stanem niezerowym\n"
+" -@ na systemach obsługujących je, zaprezentowanie pliku mającego\n"
+" rozszerzone atrybuty jako katalogu zawierającego atrybuty pliku\n"
" \n"
" Domyślne jest śledzenie dowiązań symbolicznych, jak z opcją `-L'.\n"
" `..' jest przetwarzane przez usunięcie bezpośredniego poprzedniego\n"
"Execute a simple command or display information about commands.\n"
" \n"
" Runs COMMAND with ARGS suppressing shell function lookup, or display\n"
-" information about the specified COMMANDs. Can be used to invoke "
-"commands\n"
+" information about the specified COMMANDs. Can be used to invoke commands\n"
" on disk when a function with the same name exists.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
"Wywołanie prostego polecenia lub wyświetlenie informacji o poleceniach.\n"
" \n"
" Uruchomienie POLECENIA z ARGUMENTAMI z pominięciem wyszukiwania funkcji\n"
-" powłoki lub wyświetlenie informacji o podanych POLECENIACH. Może być "
-"użyte\n"
+" powłoki lub wyświetlenie informacji o podanych POLECENIACH. Może być użyte\n"
" do wywołania poleceń z dysku jeśli już istnieje funkcja o danej nazwie.\n"
" \n"
" Opcje:\n"
" Variables with the integer attribute have arithmetic evaluation (see\n"
" the `let' command) performed when the variable is assigned a value.\n"
" \n"
-" When used in a function, `declare' makes NAMEs local, as with the "
-"`local'\n"
+" When used in a function, `declare' makes NAMEs local, as with the `local'\n"
" command. The `-g' option suppresses this behavior.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" -A\tczyni NAZWĘ tablicą asocjacyjną (jeśli są one obsługiwane)\n"
" -i\tnadaje NAZWIE atrybut `integer' (zmiennej całkowitej)\n"
" -l\tprzekształca NAZWĘ na małe litery przy przypisaniu\n"
-" -n\tczyni NAZWĘ odwołaniem do zmiennej o nazwie wskazanej przez "
-"wartość\n"
+" -n\tczyni NAZWĘ odwołaniem do zmiennej o nazwie wskazanej przez wartość\n"
" -r\tczyni NAZWĘ tylko do odczytu\n"
" -t\tnadaje NAZWIE atrybut `trace'\n"
" -u\tprzekształca NAZWĘ na wielkie litery przy przypisaniu\n"
msgid ""
"Write arguments to the standard output.\n"
" \n"
-" Display the ARGs, separated by a single space character and followed by "
-"a\n"
+" Display the ARGs, separated by a single space character and followed by a\n"
" newline, on the standard output.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
msgstr ""
"Wypisanie argumentów na standardowym wyjściu.\n"
" \n"
-" Wypisanie na standardowym wyjściu argumentów ARG oddzielonych "
-"pojedynczymi\n"
+" Wypisanie na standardowym wyjściu argumentów ARG oddzielonych pojedynczymi\n"
" spacjami oraz znaku końca linii.\n"
" \n"
" Opcje:\n"
" wbudowane bez używania pełnej ścieżki.\n"
" \n"
" Opcje:\n"
-" -a\twypisanie listy poleceń wbudowanych z informacją, które są "
-"włączone\n"
+" -a\twypisanie listy poleceń wbudowanych z informacją, które są włączone\n"
" -n\twyłączenie każdej NAZWY lub wypisanie listy wyłączonych poleceń\n"
" -p\twypisanie listy poleceń w formacie do ponownego użycia\n"
-" -s\twypisanie tylko nazw posiksowych \"specjalnych\" poleceń "
-"wbudowanych\n"
+" -s\twypisanie tylko nazw posiksowych \"specjalnych\" poleceń wbudowanych\n"
" \n"
" Opcje sterujące dynamicznym ładowaniem:\n"
-" -f\tWczytanie polecenia wbudowanego NAZWA z obiektu współdzielonego "
-"PLIK\n"
+" -f\tWczytanie polecenia wbudowanego NAZWA z obiektu współdzielonego PLIK\n"
" -d\tUsunięcie polecenia wczytanego przez -f\n"
" \n"
" Bez opcji włączana jest każda NAZWA.\n"
msgid ""
"Execute arguments as a shell command.\n"
" \n"
-" Combine ARGs into a single string, use the result as input to the "
-"shell,\n"
+" Combine ARGs into a single string, use the result as input to the shell,\n"
" and execute the resulting commands.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
msgstr ""
"Analiza opcji z argumentów.\n"
" \n"
-" Polecenie getopts jest używane przez procedury powłoki przy "
-"analizowaniu\n"
+" Polecenie getopts jest używane przez procedury powłoki przy analizowaniu\n"
" parametrów pozycyjnych jako opcji.\n"
" \n"
" ŁAŃCUCH-OPCJI zawiera litery opcji, które mają być rozpoznane; jeśli po\n"
" literze następuje dwukropek, opcja wymaga argumentu, który powinien być\n"
" oddzielony od opcji spacją.\n"
" \n"
-" Przy każdym wywołaniu getopts umieszcza następną opcję w zmiennej "
-"powłoki\n"
+" Przy każdym wywołaniu getopts umieszcza następną opcję w zmiennej powłoki\n"
" $nazwa, inicjując ją, jeśli nie istnieje; natomiast indeks następnego\n"
" argumentu do przetworzenia jest umieszczany w zmiennej powłoki OPTIND\n"
" OPTIND jest inicjowany wartością 1 przy każdym wywołaniu powłoki lub\n"
" \n"
" getopts zgłasza błędy na jeden z dwóch sposobów. Jeśli pierwszy znak\n"
" ŁAŃCUCHA-OPCJI jest dwukropkiem, getopts wykorzystuje ciche zgłaszanie\n"
-" błędów. W tym trybie komunikaty błędów nie są wypisywane. Jeśli "
-"napotkana\n"
+" błędów. W tym trybie komunikaty błędów nie są wypisywane. Jeśli napotkana\n"
" zostanie błędna opcja, getopts umieszcza znak opcji w OPTARG. Jeśli\n"
-" nie znaleziono wymaganego argumentu, getopts umieszcza znak ':' w "
-"NAZWIE\n"
-" i ustawia OPTARG na napotkany znak opcji. Jeśli getopts nie jest w "
-"trybie\n"
+" nie znaleziono wymaganego argumentu, getopts umieszcza znak ':' w NAZWIE\n"
+" i ustawia OPTARG na napotkany znak opcji. Jeśli getopts nie jest w trybie\n"
" cichym i napotkana zostanie błędna opcja, getopts umieszcza znak '?'\n"
" w NAZWIE i anuluje OPTARG. Jeśli nie znaleziono wymaganego argumentu,\n"
" w NAZWIE umieszczany jest znak '?', OPTARG jest anulowany i wypisywany\n"
" jest komunikat diagnostyczny.\n"
" \n"
" Jeśli zmienna powłoki OPTERR ma wartość 0, getopts wyłącza wypisywanie\n"
-" komunikatów błędów, nawet jeśli pierwszym znakiem ŁAŃCUCHA-OPCJI nie "
-"jest\n"
+" komunikatów błędów, nawet jeśli pierwszym znakiem ŁAŃCUCHA-OPCJI nie jest\n"
" dwukropek. OPTERR domyślnie ma wartość 1.\n"
" \n"
-" Polecenie getopts normalnie przetwarza parametry pozycyjne ($0 - $9), "
-"ale\n"
+" Polecenie getopts normalnie przetwarza parametry pozycyjne ($0 - $9), ale\n"
" jeśli podano więcej argumentów, są one przetwarzane zamiast nich.\n"
" \n"
" Stan wyjściowy:\n"
-" Zwracana jest prawda, jeśli napotkano opcję; fałsz, jeśli wystąpi "
-"koniec\n"
+" Zwracana jest prawda, jeśli napotkano opcję; fałsz, jeśli wystąpi koniec\n"
" opcji lub błąd."
#: builtins.c:685
"Replace the shell with the given command.\n"
" \n"
" Execute COMMAND, replacing this shell with the specified program.\n"
-" ARGUMENTS become the arguments to COMMAND. If COMMAND is not "
-"specified,\n"
+" ARGUMENTS become the arguments to COMMAND. If COMMAND is not specified,\n"
" any redirections take effect in the current shell.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -c\t\texecute COMMAND with an empty environment\n"
" -l\t\tplace a dash in the zeroth argument to COMMAND\n"
" \n"
-" If the command cannot be executed, a non-interactive shell exits, "
-"unless\n"
+" If the command cannot be executed, a non-interactive shell exits, unless\n"
" the shell option `execfail' is set.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless COMMAND is not found or a redirection error "
-"occurs."
+" Returns success unless COMMAND is not found or a redirection error occurs."
msgstr ""
"Zastąpienie powłoki podanym poleceniem.\n"
" \n"
" chyba że ustawiona jest opcja powłoki `execfail'.\n"
" \n"
" Stan wyjściowy:\n"
-" Zwracana jest prawda, chyba że nie uda się znaleźć POLECENIA lub "
-"wystąpi\n"
+" Zwracana jest prawda, chyba że nie uda się znaleźć POLECENIA lub wystąpi\n"
" błąd przekierowania."
#: builtins.c:706
msgid ""
"Exit a login shell.\n"
" \n"
-" Exits a login shell with exit status N. Returns an error if not "
-"executed\n"
+" Exits a login shell with exit status N. Returns an error if not executed\n"
" in a login shell."
msgstr ""
"Opuszczenie powłoki logowania.\n"
msgid ""
"Display or execute commands from the history list.\n"
" \n"
-" fc is used to list or edit and re-execute commands from the history "
-"list.\n"
+" fc is used to list or edit and re-execute commands from the history list.\n"
" FIRST and LAST can be numbers specifying the range, or FIRST can be a\n"
" string, which means the most recent command beginning with that\n"
" string.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
-" -e ENAME\tselect which editor to use. Default is FCEDIT, then "
-"EDITOR,\n"
+" -e ENAME\tselect which editor to use. Default is FCEDIT, then EDITOR,\n"
" \t\tthen vi\n"
" -l \tlist lines instead of editing\n"
" -n\tomit line numbers when listing\n"
" the last command.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success or status of executed command; non-zero if an error "
-"occurs."
+" Returns success or status of executed command; non-zero if an error occurs."
msgstr ""
"Wyświetlanie lub wykonywanie poleceń z listy historii.\n"
" \n"
-" fc służy do wypisywania, edycji i ponownego uruchamiania poleceń z "
-"listy\n"
+" fc służy do wypisywania, edycji i ponownego uruchamiania poleceń z listy\n"
" historii. PIERWSZY i OSTATNI jako liczby określają zakres lub PIERWSZY\n"
-" jako napis oznacza najpóźniej wykonywane polecenie zaczynające się od "
-"tego\n"
+" jako napis oznacza najpóźniej wykonywane polecenie zaczynające się od tego\n"
" napisu.\n"
" \n"
" Opcje:\n"
" Przy wywołaniu polecenia w postaci `fc -s [wz=zam ...] [polecenie]',\n"
" jest ono wywoływane ponownie po wykonaniu podstawienia WZ=ZAM.\n"
" \n"
-" Przydatnym aliasem korzystającym z tego jest r='fc -s' tak, że "
-"napisanie\n"
-" `r cc' uruchamia ostatnie polecenie zaczynające się od `cc', a "
-"napisanie\n"
+" Przydatnym aliasem korzystającym z tego jest r='fc -s' tak, że napisanie\n"
+" `r cc' uruchamia ostatnie polecenie zaczynające się od `cc', a napisanie\n"
" `r' uruchamia ponownie ostatnie polecenie.\n"
" \n"
" Stan wyjściowy:\n"
msgid ""
"Move jobs to the background.\n"
" \n"
-" Place the jobs identified by each JOB_SPEC in the background, as if "
-"they\n"
-" had been started with `&'. If JOB_SPEC is not present, the shell's "
-"notion\n"
+" Place the jobs identified by each JOB_SPEC in the background, as if they\n"
+" had been started with `&'. If JOB_SPEC is not present, the shell's notion\n"
" of the current job is used.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" lub wystąpi błąd."
#: builtins.c:784
-#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Remember or display program locations.\n"
" \n"
" Determine and remember the full pathname of each command NAME. If\n"
-" no arguments are given, information about remembered commands is "
-"displayed.\n"
+" no arguments are given, information about remembered commands is displayed.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -d\t\tforget the remembered location of each NAME\n"
" PATTERN\tPattern specifiying a help topic\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless PATTERN is not found or an invalid option is "
-"given."
+" Returns success unless PATTERN is not found or an invalid option is given."
msgstr ""
"Wyświetlenie informacji o poleceniach wbudowanych.\n"
" \n"
" Wyświetlenie krótkiego przeglądu poleceń wbudowanych. Jeśli podano\n"
-" WZORZEC, wypisywany jest szczegółowy opis wszystkich poleceń pasujących "
-"do\n"
+" WZORZEC, wypisywany jest szczegółowy opis wszystkich poleceń pasujących do\n"
" WZORCA, w przeciwnym wypadku - lista tematów.\n"
" \n"
" Opcje:\n"
" \n"
" If the $HISTTIMEFORMAT variable is set and not null, its value is used\n"
" as a format string for strftime(3) to print the time stamp associated\n"
-" with each displayed history entry. No time stamps are printed "
-"otherwise.\n"
+" with each displayed history entry. No time stamps are printed otherwise.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or an error occurs."
" -s\tdołączenie wszystkich ARG do listy historii jako pojedynczych\n"
" \twpisów\n"
" \n"
-" Jeśli podano PLIK, jest używany jako plik historii. W przeciwnym "
-"wypadku\n"
+" Jeśli podano PLIK, jest używany jako plik historii. W przeciwnym wypadku\n"
" używany jest $HISTFILE, a jeśli ta zmienna nie jest ustawiona -\n"
" ~/.bash_history.\n"
" \n"
-" Jeśli zmienna $HISTTIMEFORMAT jest ustawiona i niepusta, jej wartość "
-"jest\n"
+" Jeśli zmienna $HISTTIMEFORMAT jest ustawiona i niepusta, jej wartość jest\n"
" używana jako łańcuch formatujący dla strftime(3) do wypisywania momentu\n"
-" czasu powiązanego z każdym wypisywanym wpisem. W przeciwnym wypadku "
-"czas\n"
+" czasu powiązanego z każdym wypisywanym wpisem. W przeciwnym wypadku czas\n"
" nie jest wypisywany.\n"
" \n"
" Stan wyjściowy:\n"
msgstr ""
"Wyświetlenie stanu zadań.\n"
" \n"
-" Wypisanie aktywnych zadań. ZADANIE ogranicza wyjście tylko do tego "
-"zadania.\n"
+" Wypisanie aktywnych zadań. ZADANIE ogranicza wyjście tylko do tego zadania.\n"
" Bez opcji wypisywany jest stan wszystkich aktywnych zadań.\n"
" \n"
" Opcje:\n"
" -r\tograniczenie wyjścia do zadań działających\n"
" -s\tograniczenie wyjścia do zadań zatrzymanych\n"
" \n"
-" Przy podaniu -x, uruchamiane jet polecenie podane POLECENIE po "
-"zastąpieniu\n"
+" Przy podaniu -x, uruchamiane jet polecenie podane POLECENIE po zastąpieniu\n"
" każdej z występujących w argumentach ARG specyfikacji zadań numerem PID\n"
" procesu wiodącego danego zadania.\n"
" \n"
"Wysłanie sygnału do zadania.\n"
" \n"
" Wysłanie do procesów określonych przez PID lub ZADANIE sygnału o nazwie\n"
-" SYGNAŁ lub NUMERZE-SYGNAŁU. Jeśli nie podano SYGNAŁU ani NUMERU-"
-"SYGNAŁU,\n"
+" SYGNAŁ lub NUMERZE-SYGNAŁU. Jeśli nie podano SYGNAŁU ani NUMERU-SYGNAŁU,\n"
" przyjmowany jest SIGTERM.\n"
" \n"
" Opcje:\n"
" \ttraktowane jako numery sygnałów, dla których mają być wypisane nazwy\n"
" \n"
" Kill jest poleceniem wewnętrznym z dwóch powodów: umożliwia korzystanie\n"
-" z identyfikatorów zadań zamiast numerów PID oraz, w przypadku "
-"osiągnięcia\n"
+" z identyfikatorów zadań zamiast numerów PID oraz, w przypadku osiągnięcia\n"
" ograniczenia na liczbę procesów, nie powoduje potrzeby uruchamiania\n"
" dodatkowego procesu, aby jakiś zabić.\n"
" \n"
" Evaluate each ARG as an arithmetic expression. Evaluation is done in\n"
" fixed-width integers with no check for overflow, though division by 0\n"
" is trapped and flagged as an error. The following list of operators is\n"
-" grouped into levels of equal-precedence operators. The levels are "
-"listed\n"
+" grouped into levels of equal-precedence operators. The levels are listed\n"
" in order of decreasing precedence.\n"
" \n"
" \tid++, id--\tvariable post-increment, post-decrement\n"
msgstr ""
"Obliczanie wyrażeń arytmetycznych.\n"
" \n"
-" Obliczenie każdego argumentu ARG jako wyrażenia arytmetycznego. "
-"Obliczenia\n"
+" Obliczenie każdego argumentu ARG jako wyrażenia arytmetycznego. Obliczenia\n"
" są wykonywane dla liczb całkowitych o stałej długości bez sprawdzania\n"
-" przepełnienia, jednakże dzielenie przez 0 jest przechwytywane i "
-"oznaczane\n"
+" przepełnienia, jednakże dzielenie przez 0 jest przechwytywane i oznaczane\n"
" jako błąd. Poniższa lista operatorów jest pogrupowana na poziomy\n"
" operatorów o jednakowym priorytecie. Poziomy są wypisane w kolejności\n"
" malejącego priorytetu.\n"
"Read a line from the standard input and split it into fields.\n"
" \n"
" Reads a single line from the standard input, or from file descriptor FD\n"
-" if the -u option is supplied. The line is split into fields as with "
-"word\n"
+" if the -u option is supplied. The line is split into fields as with word\n"
" splitting, and the first word is assigned to the first NAME, the second\n"
" word to the second NAME, and so on, with any leftover words assigned to\n"
-" the last NAME. Only the characters found in $IFS are recognized as "
-"word\n"
+" the last NAME. Only the characters found in $IFS are recognized as word\n"
" delimiters.\n"
" \n"
-" If no NAMEs are supplied, the line read is stored in the REPLY "
-"variable.\n"
+" If no NAMEs are supplied, the line read is stored in the REPLY variable.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -a array\tassign the words read to sequential indices of the array\n"
" -n nchars\treturn after reading NCHARS characters rather than waiting\n"
" \t\tfor a newline, but honor a delimiter if fewer than NCHARS\n"
" \t\tcharacters are read before the delimiter\n"
-" -N nchars\treturn only after reading exactly NCHARS characters, "
-"unless\n"
+" -N nchars\treturn only after reading exactly NCHARS characters, unless\n"
" \t\tEOF is encountered or read times out, ignoring any delimiter\n"
" -p prompt\toutput the string PROMPT without a trailing newline before\n"
" \t\tattempting to read\n"
" -r\t\tdo not allow backslashes to escape any characters\n"
" -s\t\tdo not echo input coming from a terminal\n"
-" -t timeout\ttime out and return failure if a complete line of input "
-"is\n"
+" -t timeout\ttime out and return failure if a complete line of input is\n"
" \t\tnot read within TIMEOUT seconds. The value of the TMOUT\n"
" \t\tvariable is the default timeout. TIMEOUT may be a\n"
" \t\tfractional number. If TIMEOUT is 0, read returns immediately,\n"
" -u fd\t\tread from file descriptor FD instead of the standard input\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, read times "
-"out\n"
-" (in which case it's greater than 128), a variable assignment error "
-"occurs,\n"
+" The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, read times out\n"
+" (in which case it's greater than 128), a variable assignment error occurs,\n"
" or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as the argument to -u."
msgstr ""
"Odczyt wiersza ze standardowego wejścia i podział go na pola.\n"
" \n"
" Odczytanie wiersza ze standardowego wejścia lub deskryptora FD (jeśli\n"
-" podano opcję -u). Wiersz jest dzielony na pola wg reguł podziału na "
-"słowa,\n"
-" pierwsze słowo jest przypisywane pierwszej NAZWIE, drugie - drugiej "
-"NAZWIE\n"
+" podano opcję -u). Wiersz jest dzielony na pola wg reguł podziału na słowa,\n"
+" pierwsze słowo jest przypisywane pierwszej NAZWIE, drugie - drugiej NAZWIE\n"
" itd.; wszystkie pozostałe słowa są przypisywane ostatniej NAZWIE. Jako\n"
" ograniczniki słów są rozpoznawane tylko znaki ze zmiennej $IFS.\n"
" \n"
-" Jeśli nie podano NAZW, odczytany wiersz jest zapisywany w zmiennej "
-"REPLY.\n"
+" Jeśli nie podano NAZW, odczytany wiersz jest zapisywany w zmiennej REPLY.\n"
" \n"
" Opcje:\n"
" -a tablica\tprzypisanie odczytanych słów do indeksów sekwencyjnych\n"
" \t\tzmiennej tablicowej TABLICA, począwszy od zera\n"
-" -d ogr\tkontynuacja do odczytu pierwszego znaku OGR zamiast znaku "
-"nowej\n"
+" -d ogr\tkontynuacja do odczytu pierwszego znaku OGR zamiast znaku nowej\n"
" \t\tlinii\n"
" -e\t\tużycie Readline'a do odczytania wiersza w powłoce interaktywnej\n"
" -o tekst\tużycie TEKSTU jako początkowego tekstu dla Readline'a\n"
" -n liczba\tpowrót po odczycie LICZBY znaków zamiast oczekiwania na\n"
-" \t\tznak nowej linii; ogranicznik jest honorowany, jeśli odczytano "
-"mniej\n"
+" \t\tznak nowej linii; ogranicznik jest honorowany, jeśli odczytano mniej\n"
" \t\tniż podana LICZBA znaków przed ogranicznikiem\n"
" -N liczba\tpowrót tylko po odczycie dokładnie podanej LICZBY znaków,\n"
" \t\tchyba że zostanie napotkany EOF lub opłynie czas; ograniczniki są\n"
" \t\tignorowane\n"
-" -p zachęta\twypisanie łańcucha ZACHĘTY bez końcowego znaku nowej "
-"linii\n"
+" -p zachęta\twypisanie łańcucha ZACHĘTY bez końcowego znaku nowej linii\n"
" \t\tprzed próbą odczytu\n"
-" -r\t\twyłączenie interpretowania odwrotnych ukośników jako "
-"przedrostka\n"
+" -r\t\twyłączenie interpretowania odwrotnych ukośników jako przedrostka\n"
" \t\tznaków specjalnych\n"
" -s\t\tbez wypisywania wejścia pochodzącego z terminala\n"
" -t czas\tzakończenie i zwrócenie niepowodzenia, jeśli nie zostanie\n"
-" \t\todczytany cały wiersz przed upłynięciem podanego CZASU (w "
-"sekundach).\n"
+" \t\todczytany cały wiersz przed upłynięciem podanego CZASU (w sekundach).\n"
" \t\tWartość zmiennej TMOUT jest domyślnym limitem czasu. CZAS może być\n"
" \t\tułamkowy. Przy wartości 0 odczyt powiedzie się tylko wtedy, gdy\n"
" \t\twejście jest dostępne na podanym deskryptorze. Kod (stan) wyjściowy\n"
" \t\tw przypadku osiągnięcia limitu czasu jest większy niż 128\n"
-" -u fd\t\todczyt z deskryptora pliku FD zamiast ze standardowego "
-"wejścia\n"
+" -u fd\t\todczyt z deskryptora pliku FD zamiast ze standardowego wejścia\n"
" \n"
" Stan wyjściowy:\n"
" Zwracana jest wartość 0, chyba że zostanie napotkany koniec pliku,\n"
" physical same as -P\n"
" pipefail the return value of a pipeline is the status of\n"
" the last command to exit with a non-zero status,\n"
-" or zero if no command exited with a non-zero "
-"status\n"
+" or zero if no command exited with a non-zero status\n"
" posix change the behavior of bash where the default\n"
" operation differs from the Posix standard to\n"
" match the standard\n"
" POSIX na zgodne ze standardem\n"
" privileged to samo, co -p\n"
" verbose to samo, co -v\n"
-" vi korzystanie z interfejsu edycji wiersza w stylu "
-"vi\n"
+" vi korzystanie z interfejsu edycji wiersza w stylu vi\n"
" xtrace to samo, co -x\n"
" -p Włączone, gdy nie zgadzają się rzeczywisty i efektywny ID\n"
-" użytkownika. Wyłącza przetwarzanie pliku $ENV oraz import "
-"funkcji\n"
+" użytkownika. Wyłącza przetwarzanie pliku $ENV oraz import funkcji\n"
" powłoki. Wyłączenie tej opcji powoduje, że efektywne UID i GID\n"
" zostaną ustawione na rzeczywiste UID i GID.\n"
" -t Zakończenie po przeczytaniu i uruchomieniu jednego polecenia.\n"
" - Przypisanie pozostałych argumentów do argumentów pozycyjnych.\n"
" Wyłączenie opcji -x i -v.\n"
" \n"
-" Użycie + zamiast - powoduje wyłączenie powyższych znaczników. Można z "
-"nich\n"
+" Użycie + zamiast - powoduje wyłączenie powyższych znaczników. Można z nich\n"
" także korzystać przy uruchomieniu powłoki. Aktualny zestaw opcji można\n"
" znaleźć w $-. Pozostałe n argumentów staje się parametrami pozycyjnymi\n"
" i są one przypisane, kolejno, do $1, $2, .. $n. Gdy nie zostaną podane\n"
" -n\ttreat each NAME as a name reference and unset the variable itself\n"
" \trather than the variable it references\n"
" \n"
-" Without options, unset first tries to unset a variable, and if that "
-"fails,\n"
+" Without options, unset first tries to unset a variable, and if that fails,\n"
" tries to unset a function.\n"
" \n"
" Some variables cannot be unset; also see `readonly'.\n"
" -n\tpotraktowanie wszystkich NAZW jako referencji do nazw\n"
" \ti anulowanie samej zmiennej zamiast tej, do której się odnosi\n"
" \n"
-" Bez opcji unset próbuje najpierw anulować definicję zmiennej, a jeśli "
-"to\n"
+" Bez opcji unset próbuje najpierw anulować definicję zmiennej, a jeśli to\n"
" się nie powiedzie, próbuje anulować definicję funkcji.\n"
" \n"
" Niektórych zmiennych nie można usunąć - p. `readonly'.\n"
" \n"
" Stan wyjściowy:\n"
-" Zwracana jest prawda, chyba że podano błędną opcję lub NAZWA jest tylko "
-"do\n"
+" Zwracana jest prawda, chyba że podano błędną opcję lub NAZWA jest tylko do\n"
" odczytu."
#: builtins.c:1148
"Set export attribute for shell variables.\n"
" \n"
" Marks each NAME for automatic export to the environment of subsequently\n"
-" executed commands. If VALUE is supplied, assign VALUE before "
-"exporting.\n"
+" executed commands. If VALUE is supplied, assign VALUE before exporting.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -f\trefer to shell functions\n"
"Ustawienie atrybutu eksportowania dla zmiennych powłoki.\n"
" \n"
" Zaznaczenie każdej NAZWY do automatycznego eksportowania do środowiska\n"
-" później wywoływanych poleceń. Jeśli podano WARTOŚĆ, jest ona "
-"przypisywana\n"
+" później wywoływanych poleceń. Jeśli podano WARTOŚĆ, jest ona przypisywana\n"
" przed eksportowaniem.\n"
" \n"
" Opcje:\n"
" Zwracana jest prawda, chyba że podano nieprawidłową opcję lub NAZWĘ."
#: builtins.c:1167
-#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Mark shell variables as unchangeable.\n"
" \n"
" -a\trefer to indexed array variables\n"
" -A\trefer to associative array variables\n"
" -f\trefer to shell functions\n"
-" -p\tdisplay a list of all readonly variables or functions, depending "
-"on\n"
+" -p\tdisplay a list of all readonly variables or functions, depending on\n"
" whether or not the -f option is given\n"
" \n"
" An argument of `--' disables further option processing.\n"
msgstr ""
"Oznaczenie zmiennych powłoki jako niezmiennych.\n"
" \n"
-" Oznaczenie każdej NAZWY jako tylko do odczytu; wartości tych NAZW nie "
-"mogą\n"
+" Oznaczenie każdej NAZWY jako tylko do odczytu; wartości tych NAZW nie mogą\n"
" być zmieniane przez późniejsze podstawienia. Jeśli podano WARTOŚĆ, jest\n"
" ona przypisywana przed oznaczeniem jako tylko do odczytu.\n"
" \n"
" -a\tdziałanie na zmiennych tablicowych indeksowanych\n"
" -A\tdziałanie na zmiennych tablicowych asocjacyjnych\n"
" -f\tdziałanie na funkcjach powłoki\n"
-" -p\twyświetlenie listy wszystkich zmiennych i funkcji tylko do "
-"odczytu\n"
+" -p\twyświetlenie listy wszystkich zmiennych lub funkcji tylko do odczytu,\n"
+" w zależności od tego, czy podano opcję -f\n"
" \n"
" Argument `--' wyłącza dalsze przetwarzanie opcji.\n"
" \n"
" parametrami pozycyjnymi podczas uruchomienia PLIKU.\n"
" \n"
" Stan wyjściowy:\n"
-" Zwracany jest stan ostatnio wykonanego polecenia z PLIKU lub błąd, "
-"jeśli\n"
+" Zwracany jest stan ostatnio wykonanego polecenia z PLIKU lub błąd, jeśli\n"
" PLIKU nie udało się odczytać."
#: builtins.c:1232
" wstrzymać.\n"
" \n"
" Opcje:\n"
-" -f\twymuszenie wstrzymania, nawet jeśli powłoka jest powłoką "
-"logowania\n"
+" -f\twymuszenie wstrzymania, nawet jeśli powłoka jest powłoką logowania\n"
" \n"
" Stan wyjściowy:\n"
-" Zwracana jest prawda, chyba że kontrola zadań jest wyłączona lub "
-"wystąpi\n"
+" Zwracana jest prawda, chyba że kontrola zadań jest wyłączona lub wystąpi\n"
" błąd."
#: builtins.c:1248
" -x FILE True if the file is executable by you.\n"
" -O FILE True if the file is effectively owned by you.\n"
" -G FILE True if the file is effectively owned by your group.\n"
-" -N FILE True if the file has been modified since it was last "
-"read.\n"
+" -N FILE True if the file has been modified since it was last read.\n"
" \n"
" FILE1 -nt FILE2 True if file1 is newer than file2 (according to\n"
" modification date).\n"
" STRING1 != STRING2\n"
" True if the strings are not equal.\n"
" STRING1 < STRING2\n"
-" True if STRING1 sorts before STRING2 "
-"lexicographically.\n"
+" True if STRING1 sorts before STRING2 lexicographically.\n"
" STRING1 > STRING2\n"
" True if STRING1 sorts after STRING2 lexicographically.\n"
" \n"
" \n"
" -o OPTION True if the shell option OPTION is enabled.\n"
" -v VAR\t True if the shell variable VAR is set\n"
-" -R VAR\t True if the shell variable VAR is set and is a name "
-"reference.\n"
+" -R VAR\t True if the shell variable VAR is set and is a name reference.\n"
" ! EXPR True if expr is false.\n"
" EXPR1 -a EXPR2 True if both expr1 AND expr2 are true.\n"
" EXPR1 -o EXPR2 True if either expr1 OR expr2 is true.\n"
msgstr ""
"Obliczenie wyrażenia warunkowego.\n"
" \n"
-" Polecenie zwracające kod 0 (prawda) lub 1 (fałsz) w zależności od "
-"wyniku\n"
-" obliczenia WYRAŻENIA. Wyrażenia mogą mieć postać jedno- lub "
-"dwuargumentową.\n"
-" Jednoargumentowe wyrażenia służą zwykle do badania stanu pliku. "
-"Istnieją\n"
-" również operatory działające na łańcuchach tekstowych, jak też "
-"operatory\n"
+" Polecenie zwracające kod 0 (prawda) lub 1 (fałsz) w zależności od wyniku\n"
+" obliczenia WYRAŻENIA. Wyrażenia mogą mieć postać jedno- lub dwuargumentową.\n"
+" Jednoargumentowe wyrażenia służą zwykle do badania stanu pliku. Istnieją\n"
+" również operatory działające na łańcuchach tekstowych, jak też operatory\n"
" numerycznego porównania.\n"
" \n"
-" Zachowanie polecenia test zależy od liczby argumentów. Pełną "
-"specyfikację\n"
+" Zachowanie polecenia test zależy od liczby argumentów. Pełną specyfikację\n"
" można znaleźć w podręczniku man do basha.\n"
" \n"
" Operatory plikowe:\n"
" -u FILE Prawda, gdy PLIK ma ustawiony bit SUID.\n"
" -w FILE Prawda, gdy PLIK jest zapisywalny przez użytkownika.\n"
" -x FILE Prawda, gdy PLIK jest uruchamialny przez użytkownika.\n"
-" -O FILE Prawda, gdy użytkownik jest efektywnym właścicielem "
-"PLIKU.\n"
+" -O FILE Prawda, gdy użytkownik jest efektywnym właścicielem PLIKU.\n"
" -G FILE Prawda, grupa użytkownika jest efektywnym właścicielem\n"
" PLIKU.\n"
" -N FILE Prawda, gdy PLIK został zmodyfikowany po ostatnim\n"
msgid ""
"Display process times.\n"
" \n"
-" Prints the accumulated user and system times for the shell and all of "
-"its\n"
+" Prints the accumulated user and system times for the shell and all of its\n"
" child processes.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
msgstr ""
"Wyświetlenie czasów procesu.\n"
" \n"
-" Wypisanie łącznych czasów w przestrzeni użytkownika i systemu dla "
-"powłoki\n"
+" Wypisanie łącznych czasów w przestrzeni użytkownika i systemu dla powłoki\n"
" i wszystkich procesów potomnych.\n"
" \n"
" Stan wyjściowy:\n"
msgid ""
"Trap signals and other events.\n"
" \n"
-" Defines and activates handlers to be run when the shell receives "
-"signals\n"
+" Defines and activates handlers to be run when the shell receives signals\n"
" or other conditions.\n"
" \n"
" ARG is a command to be read and executed when the shell receives the\n"
" value. If ARG is the null string each SIGNAL_SPEC is ignored by the\n"
" shell and by the commands it invokes.\n"
" \n"
-" If a SIGNAL_SPEC is EXIT (0) ARG is executed on exit from the shell. "
-"If\n"
-" a SIGNAL_SPEC is DEBUG, ARG is executed before every simple command. "
-"If\n"
-" a SIGNAL_SPEC is RETURN, ARG is executed each time a shell function or "
-"a\n"
-" script run by the . or source builtins finishes executing. A "
-"SIGNAL_SPEC\n"
-" of ERR means to execute ARG each time a command's failure would cause "
-"the\n"
+" If a SIGNAL_SPEC is EXIT (0) ARG is executed on exit from the shell. If\n"
+" a SIGNAL_SPEC is DEBUG, ARG is executed before every simple command. If\n"
+" a SIGNAL_SPEC is RETURN, ARG is executed each time a shell function or a\n"
+" script run by the . or source builtins finishes executing. A SIGNAL_SPEC\n"
+" of ERR means to execute ARG each time a command's failure would cause the\n"
" shell to exit when the -e option is enabled.\n"
" \n"
-" If no arguments are supplied, trap prints the list of commands "
-"associated\n"
+" If no arguments are supplied, trap prints the list of commands associated\n"
" with each signal.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -l\tprint a list of signal names and their corresponding numbers\n"
" -p\tdisplay the trap commands associated with each SIGNAL_SPEC\n"
" \n"
-" Each SIGNAL_SPEC is either a signal name in <signal.h> or a signal "
-"number.\n"
+" Each SIGNAL_SPEC is either a signal name in <signal.h> or a signal number.\n"
" Signal names are case insensitive and the SIG prefix is optional. A\n"
" signal may be sent to the shell with \"kill -signal $$\".\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless a SIGSPEC is invalid or an invalid option is "
-"given."
+" Returns success unless a SIGSPEC is invalid or an invalid option is given."
msgstr ""
"Przechwytywanie sygnałów i innych zdarzeń.\n"
" \n"
-" Polecenie definiujące i włączające daną akcję w przypadku, kiedy "
-"powłoka\n"
+" Polecenie definiujące i włączające daną akcję w przypadku, kiedy powłoka\n"
" otrzyma sygnał lub pod innymi warunkami.\n"
" \n"
-" Gdy powłoka otrzyma podany SYGNAŁ (lub sygnały), odczytywane i "
-"uruchamiane\n"
-" jest polecenie podane jako argument ARG. W razie braku argumentu (i "
-"podaniu\n"
+" Gdy powłoka otrzyma podany SYGNAŁ (lub sygnały), odczytywane i uruchamiane\n"
+" jest polecenie podane jako argument ARG. W razie braku argumentu (i podaniu\n"
" pojedynczego SYGNAŁU) lub gdy argumentem jest `-', każdemu z podanych\n"
" sygnałów jest przywracane pierwotne zachowanie. Jeśli ARG jest pustym\n"
-" łańcuchem, każdy SYGNAŁ jest ignorowany przez powłokę i wywołane przez "
-"nią\n"
+" łańcuchem, każdy SYGNAŁ jest ignorowany przez powłokę i wywołane przez nią\n"
" polecenia.\n"
" \n"
" Jeżeli jako SYGNAŁ podano EXIT (0), polecenie ARG jest uruchamiane przy\n"
-" opuszczaniu powłoki. Jeśli jako SYGNAŁ podano DEBUG, ARG jest "
-"uruchamiane\n"
+" opuszczaniu powłoki. Jeśli jako SYGNAŁ podano DEBUG, ARG jest uruchamiane\n"
" po każdym poleceniu prostym. Jeśli jako SYGNAŁ podano RETURN, ARG jest\n"
" uruchamiane przy każdym zakończeniu funkcji powłoki lub skryptu\n"
" uruchamianego przez polecenia wbudowane . lub source. Jeśli jako SYGNAŁ\n"
" podano ERR, ARG jest uruchamiane za każdym razem, kiedy niepowodzenie\n"
-" polecenia spowodowałoby zakończenie powłoki w przypadku włączenia opcji -"
-"e.\n"
+" polecenia spowodowałoby zakończenie powłoki w przypadku włączenia opcji -e.\n"
" \n"
-" Jeśli nie podano argumentów, trap wypisuje listę poleceń przypisanych "
-"do\n"
+" Jeśli nie podano argumentów, trap wypisuje listę poleceń przypisanych do\n"
" każdego sygnału.\n"
" \n"
" Opcje:\n"
" NAME\tCommand name to be interpreted.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success if all of the NAMEs are found; fails if any are not "
-"found."
+" Returns success if all of the NAMEs are found; fails if any are not found."
msgstr ""
"Wyświetlenie informacji o rodzaju polecenia.\n"
" \n"
" \n"
" Opcje:\n"
" -a\twyświetlenie wszystkich położeń zawierających program wykonywalny\n"
-" \to podanej NAZWIE; obejmuje aliasy, polecenia wbudowane i funkcje "
-"tylko\n"
+" \to podanej NAZWIE; obejmuje aliasy, polecenia wbudowane i funkcje tylko\n"
" \tjeśli nie podano dodatkowo opcji `-p'\n"
" -f\tpominięcie wyszukiwania funkcji powłoki\n"
" -P\twymuszenie wyszukiwania w PATH każdej nazwy, nawet jeśli jest\n"
" NAZWA\tNazwa polecenia do zinterpretowania.\n"
" \n"
" Stan wyjściowy:\n"
-" Zwracana jest prawda, jeśli każda NAZWA zostanie znaleziona; fałsz, "
-"jeśli\n"
+" Zwracana jest prawda, jeśli każda NAZWA zostanie znaleziona; fałsz, jeśli\n"
" którakolwiek nie zostanie znaleziona."
#: builtins.c:1417
msgid ""
"Modify shell resource limits.\n"
" \n"
-" Provides control over the resources available to the shell and "
-"processes\n"
+" Provides control over the resources available to the shell and processes\n"
" it creates, on systems that allow such control.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
msgstr ""
"Modyfikowanie limitów zasobów powłoki.\n"
" \n"
-" Ulimit zapewnia kontrolę ilości zasobów udostępnionych powłoce i "
-"procesom\n"
+" Ulimit zapewnia kontrolę ilości zasobów udostępnionych powłoce i procesom\n"
" w systemach, które taką kontrolę umożliwiają.\n"
" \n"
" Opcje:\n"
" -c\tmaksymalny rozmiar tworzonych plików core\n"
" -d\tmaksymalny rozmiar segmentu danych procesu\n"
" -e\tmaksymalny priorytet szeregowania procesów (`nice')\n"
-" -f\tmaksymalny rozmiar plików zapisywanych przez powłokę i jej "
-"potomków\n"
+" -f\tmaksymalny rozmiar plików zapisywanych przez powłokę i jej potomków\n"
" -i\tmaksymalna liczba oczekujących sygnałów\n"
" -l\tmaksymalny rozmiar pamięci, którą proces może zablokować\n"
" -m\tmaksymalny rozmiar obszaru rezydentnego procesu\n"
" -n\tmaksymalna liczba otwartych deskryptorów plików\n"
" -p\trozmiar bufora potoku\n"
" -q\tmaksymalna liczba bajtów w POSIX-owych kolejkach komunikatów\n"
-" -r\tmaksymalny priorytet szeregowania dla procesów czasu "
-"rzeczywistego\n"
+" -r\tmaksymalny priorytet szeregowania dla procesów czasu rzeczywistego\n"
" -s\tmaksymalny rozmiar stosu\n"
" -t\tmaksymalna ilość czasu procesora w sekundach\n"
" -u\tmaksymalna liczba procesów użytkownika\n"
" danego zasobu; specjalne wartości LIMITU: `soft', `hard' i `unlimited'\n"
" oznaczają, odpowiednio, aktualne ograniczenie miękkie, sztywne i brak\n"
" ograniczenia. W przeciwnym przypadku wypisywana jest aktualna wartość\n"
-" podanego ograniczenia. Gdy nie podano opcji, przyjmuje się, że podano -"
-"f.\n"
+" podanego ograniczenia. Gdy nie podano opcji, przyjmuje się, że podano -f.\n"
" \n"
-" Wartości są podawane w jednostkach 1024-bajtowych, za wyjątkiem -t, "
-"które\n"
-" jest w sekundach, -p, które jest w jednostkach 512-bajtowych oraz -u, "
-"które\n"
+" Wartości są podawane w jednostkach 1024-bajtowych, za wyjątkiem -t, które\n"
+" jest w sekundach, -p, które jest w jednostkach 512-bajtowych oraz -u, które\n"
" jest bezwymiarową liczbą procesów.\n"
" Stan wyjściowy:\n"
" Zwracana jest prawda, chyba że podano błędną opcję lub wystąpi błąd."
" -S\twyjście w postaci symbolicznej; bez tej opcji jest ósemkowe\n"
" \n"
" Stan wyjściowy:\n"
-" Zwracana jest prawda, chyba że podano błędne uprawnienia lub błędną "
-"opcję."
+" Zwracana jest prawda, chyba że podano błędne uprawnienia lub błędną opcję."
#: builtins.c:1485
msgid ""
"Wait for job completion and return exit status.\n"
" \n"
-" Waits for each process identified by an ID, which may be a process ID or "
-"a\n"
+" Waits for each process identified by an ID, which may be a process ID or a\n"
" job specification, and reports its termination status. If ID is not\n"
" given, waits for all currently active child processes, and the return\n"
-" status is zero. If ID is a a job specification, waits for all "
-"processes\n"
+" status is zero. If ID is a a job specification, waits for all processes\n"
" in that job's pipeline.\n"
" \n"
" If the -n option is supplied, waits for the next job to terminate and\n"
msgstr ""
"Oczekiwanie na zakończenie zadania i zwrócenie stanu (kodu) wyjścia.\n"
" \n"
-" Oczekiwanie na każdy proces o podanym identyfikatorze ID, który może "
-"być\n"
+" Oczekiwanie na każdy proces o podanym identyfikatorze ID, który może być\n"
" numerem PID lub określeniem zadania i zgłoszenie jego stanu (kodu)\n"
-" zakończenia. Jeśli nie podano ID, polecenie oczekuje na wszystkie "
-"aktualnie\n"
-" aktywne procesy potomne i zwraca prawdę. Jeśli ID jest określeniem "
-"zadania,\n"
+" zakończenia. Jeśli nie podano ID, polecenie oczekuje na wszystkie aktualnie\n"
+" aktywne procesy potomne i zwraca prawdę. Jeśli ID jest określeniem zadania,\n"
" oczekuje na wszystkie procesy w potoku przetwarzania danego zadania.\n"
" \n"
" Jeśli podano opcję -n, oczekiwanie na zakończenie następnego zadania\n"
msgid ""
"Wait for process completion and return exit status.\n"
" \n"
-" Waits for each process specified by a PID and reports its termination "
-"status.\n"
+" Waits for each process specified by a PID and reports its termination status.\n"
" If PID is not given, waits for all currently active child processes,\n"
" and the return status is zero. PID must be a process ID.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns the status of the last PID; fails if PID is invalid or an "
-"invalid\n"
+" Returns the status of the last PID; fails if PID is invalid or an invalid\n"
" option is given."
msgstr ""
"Oczekiwanie na zakończenie procesu i zwrócenie stanu (kodu) wyjścia.\n"
" \n"
-" Oczekiwanie na każdy z procesów podany przez PID i zgłoszenie jego "
-"statusu\n"
-" zakończenia. Gdy nie zostanie podany PID, oczekiwanie dotyczy "
-"wszystkich\n"
-" aktualnie aktywnych procesów potomnych, a kodem powrotu jest zero. PID "
-"musi\n"
+" Oczekiwanie na każdy z procesów podany przez PID i zgłoszenie jego statusu\n"
+" zakończenia. Gdy nie zostanie podany PID, oczekiwanie dotyczy wszystkich\n"
+" aktualnie aktywnych procesów potomnych, a kodem powrotu jest zero. PID musi\n"
" być identyfikatorem procesu.\n"
" \n"
" Stan wyjściowy:\n"
-" Zwracany jest status ID lub niepowodzenie, jeśli ID jest błędny lub "
-"podano\n"
+" Zwracany jest status ID lub niepowodzenie, jeśli ID jest błędny lub podano\n"
" nieprawidłową opcję."
#: builtins.c:1521
msgstr ""
"Wykonanie poleceń dla każdego elementu z listy.\n"
" \n"
-" Pętla `for' uruchamia ciąg poleceń dla każdego elementu podanej listy. "
-"Gdy\n"
-" nie zostanie podane `in SŁOWA ...;', zakłada się, że podano `in \"$@"
-"\"'.\n"
+" Pętla `for' uruchamia ciąg poleceń dla każdego elementu podanej listy. Gdy\n"
+" nie zostanie podane `in SŁOWA ...;', zakłada się, że podano `in \"$@\"'.\n"
" Dla każdego elementu SŁÓW, NAZWA jest ustawiana na ten element\n"
" i uruchamiane są POLECENIA. \n"
" Stan wyjściowy:\n"
" \t\t(( WYR3 ))\n"
" \tdone\n"
" WYR1, WYR2 i WYR3 są wyrażeniami arytmetycznymi. Jeśli któreś z wyrażeń\n"
-" zostanie pominięte, zachowanie jest takie, jakby miało ono wartość "
-"1. \n"
+" zostanie pominięte, zachowanie jest takie, jakby miało ono wartość 1. \n"
" Stan wyjściowy:\n"
" Zwracany jest status zakończenia ostatniego wykonanego polecenia."
msgstr ""
"Wybór słów z listy i wykonanie poleceń.\n"
" SŁOWA są rozwijane, co tworzy listę słów. Zbiór rozwiniętych słów\n"
-" wypisywany jest na standardowym wyjściu diagnostycznym, a każde słowo "
-"jest\n"
+" wypisywany jest na standardowym wyjściu diagnostycznym, a każde słowo jest\n"
" poprzedzone przez liczbę. Gdy nie zostanie podane `in SŁOWA', zakłada\n"
" się, że podano `in \"$@\"'. Wyświetlany jest wówczas tekst zachęty PS3\n"
-" i odczytywany jest wiersz ze standardowego wejścia. Gdy wiersz ten "
-"składa\n"
+" i odczytywany jest wiersz ze standardowego wejścia. Gdy wiersz ten składa\n"
" się z liczby przypisanej do jednego z wypisanych słów, to NAZWA jest\n"
" ustawiana na to słowo. Gdy wiersz jest pusty, SŁOWA i tekst zachęty są\n"
" wyświetlane ponownie. Gdy odczytany zostanie EOF, polecenie się kończy.\n"
-" Każda inna wartość powoduje przypisanie NAZWIE wartości pustej. "
-"Odczytany\n"
+" Każda inna wartość powoduje przypisanie NAZWIE wartości pustej. Odczytany\n"
" wiersz jest zachowywany w zmiennej REPLY. Po każdym wyborze uruchamiane\n"
" są POLECENIA aż do polecenia break. \n"
" Stan wyjściowy:\n"
" Opcje:\n"
" -p\twypisanie podsumowania czasów w przenośnym formacie POSIX\n"
" \n"
-" Jako format danych wyjściowych używana jest wartość zmiennej "
-"TIMEFORMAT.\n"
+" Jako format danych wyjściowych używana jest wartość zmiennej TIMEFORMAT.\n"
" \n"
" Stan wyjściowy:\n"
" Polecenie zwraca status zakończenia POTOKU poleceń."
msgid ""
"Execute commands based on conditional.\n"
" \n"
-" The `if COMMANDS' list is executed. If its exit status is zero, then "
-"the\n"
-" `then COMMANDS' list is executed. Otherwise, each `elif COMMANDS' list "
-"is\n"
+" The `if COMMANDS' list is executed. If its exit status is zero, then the\n"
+" `then COMMANDS' list is executed. Otherwise, each `elif COMMANDS' list is\n"
" executed in turn, and if its exit status is zero, the corresponding\n"
-" `then COMMANDS' list is executed and the if command completes. "
-"Otherwise,\n"
-" the `else COMMANDS' list is executed, if present. The exit status of "
-"the\n"
-" entire construct is the exit status of the last command executed, or "
-"zero\n"
+" `then COMMANDS' list is executed and the if command completes. Otherwise,\n"
+" the `else COMMANDS' list is executed, if present. The exit status of the\n"
+" entire construct is the exit status of the last command executed, or zero\n"
" if no condition tested true.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" uruchamiana jest lista `then POLECENIA'. W przeciwnym przypadku\n"
" uruchamiane są poszczególne listy `elif POLECENIA' i, jeśli kod powrotu\n"
" takiej listy jest zerem, uruchamiana jest odpowiednia lista\n"
-" `then POLECENIA', po czym polecenie if się kończy. W przeciwnym "
-"przypadku\n"
+" `then POLECENIA', po czym polecenie if się kończy. W przeciwnym przypadku\n"
" uruchamiana jest lista `else POLECENIA', jeśli taka istnieje. Kodem\n"
" zakończenia całej konstrukcji jest kod zakończenia ostatniego\n"
" uruchomionego polecenia lub zero, gdy żaden ze sprawdzanych warunków\n"
msgstr ""
"Utworzenie koprocesu o podanej NAZWIE.\n"
" \n"
-" Asynchroniczne wykonanie POLECENIA ze standardowym wyjściem i "
-"standardowym\n"
+" Asynchroniczne wykonanie POLECENIA ze standardowym wyjściem i standardowym\n"
" wejściem polecenia połączonych potokiem z deskryptorami plików\n"
" przypisanymi do indeksów 0 i 1 zmiennej tablicowej NAZWA w powłoce.\n"
" Domyślną NAZWĄ jest \"COPROC\".\n"
"Define shell function.\n"
" \n"
" Create a shell function named NAME. When invoked as a simple command,\n"
-" NAME runs COMMANDs in the calling shell's context. When NAME is "
-"invoked,\n"
+" NAME runs COMMANDs in the calling shell's context. When NAME is invoked,\n"
" the arguments are passed to the function as $1...$n, and the function's\n"
" name is in $FUNCNAME.\n"
" \n"
msgstr ""
"Zdefiniowanie funkcji powłoki.\n"
" \n"
-" Utworzenie funkcji powłoki o podanej NAZWIE. Przy wywołaniu jako "
-"zwykłego\n"
+" Utworzenie funkcji powłoki o podanej NAZWIE. Przy wywołaniu jako zwykłego\n"
" polecenia NAZWA uruchamia POLECENIA w kontekście powłoki wywołującej.\n"
-" Przy wywoływaniu NAZWY, argumenty są przekazywane do funkcji jako $1..."
-"$n,\n"
+" Przy wywoływaniu NAZWY, argumenty są przekazywane do funkcji jako $1...$n,\n"
" a nazwa funkcji w $FUNCNAME.\n"
" \n"
" Stan wyjściowy:\n"
msgstr ""
"Wznowienie zadania jako pierwszoplanowego.\n"
" \n"
-" Równoważne argumentowi ZADANIE polecenia `fg'. Wznowienie zatrzymanego "
-"lub\n"
-" działającego w tle zadania. ZADANIE może określać nazwę zadania albo "
-"jego\n"
-" numer. Umieszczenie `&' po ZADANIU umieszcza zadanie w tle tak, jak to "
-"się\n"
+" Równoważne argumentowi ZADANIE polecenia `fg'. Wznowienie zatrzymanego lub\n"
+" działającego w tle zadania. ZADANIE może określać nazwę zadania albo jego\n"
+" numer. Umieszczenie `&' po ZADANIU umieszcza zadanie w tle tak, jak to się\n"
" dzieje po podaniu specyfikacji zadania jako argumentu dla `bg'.\n"
" \n"
" Stan wyjściowy:\n"
msgstr ""
"Obliczenie wyrażenia arytmetycznego.\n"
" \n"
-" Obliczenie WYRAŻENIA zgodnie z zasadami obliczania wyrażeń "
-"arytmetycznych.\n"
+" Obliczenie WYRAŻENIA zgodnie z zasadami obliczania wyrażeń arytmetycznych.\n"
" Równoważne \"let WYRAŻENIE\".\n"
" \n"
" Stan wyjściowy:\n"
-" Zwracane jest 1, jeśli wartością WYRAŻENIA jest 0; 0 w przeciwnym "
-"wypadku."
+" Zwracane jest 1, jeśli wartością WYRAŻENIA jest 0; 0 w przeciwnym wypadku."
#: builtins.c:1711
msgid ""
"Execute conditional command.\n"
" \n"
-" Returns a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the "
-"conditional\n"
-" expression EXPRESSION. Expressions are composed of the same primaries "
-"used\n"
-" by the `test' builtin, and may be combined using the following "
-"operators:\n"
+" Returns a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the conditional\n"
+" expression EXPRESSION. Expressions are composed of the same primaries used\n"
+" by the `test' builtin, and may be combined using the following operators:\n"
" \n"
" ( EXPRESSION )\tReturns the value of EXPRESSION\n"
" ! EXPRESSION\t\tTrue if EXPRESSION is false; else false\n"
"Wykonanie polecenia warunkowego.\n"
" \n"
" Zwracany jest status wynoszący 0 lub 1 w zależności od wyniku WYRAŻENIA\n"
-" warunkowego. Wyrażenia są tworzone na tych samych zasadach, co w "
-"poleceniu\n"
+" warunkowego. Wyrażenia są tworzone na tych samych zasadach, co w poleceniu\n"
" `test' i mogą być łączone za pomocą następujących operatorów:\n"
" \n"
" ( WYRAŻENIE )\tzwraca wartość WYRAŻENIA\n"
" \t\t\tfałszywe w innym przypadku\n"
" \n"
" W przypadku użycia operatorów `==' lub `!=' napis po prawej stronie\n"
-" operatora jest traktowany jak wzorzec i wykonywane jest dopasowywanie "
-"do\n"
+" operatora jest traktowany jak wzorzec i wykonywane jest dopasowywanie do\n"
" wzorca. W przypadku użycia operatora `=~' łańcuch po prawej stronie\n"
" operatora jest dopasowywany jako wyrażenie regularne.\n"
" \n"
-" Operatory && i || nie obliczają WYR2, jeśli obliczenie WYR1 wystarcza "
-"do\n"
+" Operatory && i || nie obliczają WYR2, jeśli obliczenie WYR1 wystarcza do\n"
" określenia wartości wyrażenia.\n"
" \n"
" Stan wyjściowy:\n"
" \t\tzadania.\n"
" histchars\tZnaki sterujące rozwijaniem wg historii i szybkim\n"
" \t\tpodstawianiem. Pierwszy znak jest znakiem podstawiania\n"
-" \t\thistorii, zwykle `!'. Drugi jest znakiem \"szybkiego podstawienia"
-"\",\n"
+" \t\thistorii, zwykle `!'. Drugi jest znakiem \"szybkiego podstawienia\",\n"
" \t\tzwykle `^'. Trzeci znak jest znakiem \"komentarza historii\",\n"
" \t\tzwykle `#'.\n"
" HISTIGNORE\tRozdzielona dwukropkami lista wzorców używanych przy\n"
" Zawartość stosu katalogów można zobaczyć za pomocą polecenia `dirs'.\n"
" \n"
" Stan wyjściowy:\n"
-" Zwracana jest prawda, chyba że podano błędny argument lub zmiana "
-"katalogu\n"
+" Zwracana jest prawda, chyba że podano błędny argument lub zmiana katalogu\n"
" się nie powiedzie."
#: builtins.c:1828
" Zawartość stosu katalogów można zobaczyć za pomocą polecenia `dirs'.\n"
" \n"
" Stan wyjściowy:\n"
-" Zwracana jest prawda, chyba że podano błędny argument lub zmiana "
-"katalogu\n"
+" Zwracana jest prawda, chyba że podano błędny argument lub zmiana katalogu\n"
" się nie powiedzie."
#: builtins.c:1858
" \twith its position in the stack\n"
" \n"
" Arguments:\n"
-" +N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown "
-"by\n"
+" +N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown by\n"
" \tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.\n"
" \n"
-" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown "
-"by\n"
+" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown by\n"
" \tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
msgstr ""
"Wypisanie stosu katalogów.\n"
" \n"
-" Wypisanie listy aktualnie pamiętanych katalogów. Katalogi umieszczane "
-"są\n"
+" Wypisanie listy aktualnie pamiętanych katalogów. Katalogi umieszczane są\n"
" na liście za pomocą polecenia `pushd'; można cofać się w obrębie listy\n"
" za pomocą polecenia `popd'.\n"
" \n"
"Set and unset shell options.\n"
" \n"
" Change the setting of each shell option OPTNAME. Without any option\n"
-" arguments, list all shell options with an indication of whether or not "
-"each\n"
+" arguments, list all shell options with an indication of whether or not each\n"
" is set.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
msgstr ""
"Ustawianie i anulowanie opcji powłoki.\n"
" \n"
-" Zmiana ustawienia każdej z NAZWY-OPCJI. Bez argumentów będących "
-"opcjami,\n"
+" Zmiana ustawienia każdej z NAZWY-OPCJI. Bez argumentów będących opcjami,\n"
" wypisywane są wszystkie opcje powłoki z zaznaczeniem włączonych.\n"
" \n"
" Opcje:\n"
" -u\twyłączenie (anulowanie) każdej NAZWY-OPCJI\n"
" \n"
" Stan wyjściowy:\n"
-" Zwracana jest prawda jeśli NAZWA-OPCJI jest włączona; niepowodzenie, "
-"jeśli\n"
+" Zwracana jest prawda jeśli NAZWA-OPCJI jest włączona; niepowodzenie, jeśli\n"
" podano błędną opcję lub NAZWA-OPCJI jest wyłączona."
#: builtins.c:1908
" -v var\tassign the output to shell variable VAR rather than\n"
" \t\tdisplay it on the standard output\n"
" \n"
-" FORMAT is a character string which contains three types of objects: "
-"plain\n"
-" characters, which are simply copied to standard output; character "
-"escape\n"
+" FORMAT is a character string which contains three types of objects: plain\n"
+" characters, which are simply copied to standard output; character escape\n"
" sequences, which are converted and copied to the standard output; and\n"
-" format specifications, each of which causes printing of the next "
-"successive\n"
+" format specifications, each of which causes printing of the next successive\n"
" argument.\n"
" \n"
-" In addition to the standard format specifications described in "
-"printf(1),\n"
+" In addition to the standard format specifications described in printf(1),\n"
" printf interprets:\n"
" \n"
" %b\texpand backslash escape sequences in the corresponding argument\n"
" %q\tquote the argument in a way that can be reused as shell input\n"
-" %(fmt)T output the date-time string resulting from using FMT as a "
-"format\n"
+" %(fmt)T output the date-time string resulting from using FMT as a format\n"
" string for strftime(3)\n"
" \n"
" The format is re-used as necessary to consume all of the arguments. If\n"
" there are fewer arguments than the format requires, extra format\n"
-" specifications behave as if a zero value or null string, as "
-"appropriate,\n"
+" specifications behave as if a zero value or null string, as appropriate,\n"
" had been supplied.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or a write or "
-"assignment\n"
+" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or a write or assignment\n"
" error occurs."
msgstr ""
"Formatowanie i wypisanie ARGUMENTÓW zgodnie z FORMATEM.\n"
" \t\twypisywania na standardowym wyjściu\n"
" \n"
" FORMAT jest łańcuchem znakowym zawierającym trzy rodzaje obiektów:\n"
-" zwykłe znaki, które są kopiowane na standardowe wyjście; znaki "
-"sekwencji\n"
-" sterujących, które są przekształcane i kopiowane na standardowe "
-"wyjście;\n"
-" oraz sekwencje formatujące, z których każda powoduje wypisanie "
-"kolejnego\n"
+" zwykłe znaki, które są kopiowane na standardowe wyjście; znaki sekwencji\n"
+" sterujących, które są przekształcane i kopiowane na standardowe wyjście;\n"
+" oraz sekwencje formatujące, z których każda powoduje wypisanie kolejnego\n"
" argumentu.\n"
" \n"
" Poza standardowymi sekwencjami formatującymi opisanymi w printf(1) oraz\n"
msgid ""
"Specify how arguments are to be completed by Readline.\n"
" \n"
-" For each NAME, specify how arguments are to be completed. If no "
-"options\n"
-" are supplied, existing completion specifications are printed in a way "
-"that\n"
+" For each NAME, specify how arguments are to be completed. If no options\n"
+" are supplied, existing completion specifications are printed in a way that\n"
" allows them to be reused as input.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
"Określenie sposobu dopełniania argumentów przez Readline.\n"
" \n"
" Określenie dla każdej NAZWY sposobu dopełniania argumentów. Jeśli nie\n"
-" podano opcji, wypisywane są istniejące specyfikacje dopełniania w "
-"sposób\n"
+" podano opcji, wypisywane są istniejące specyfikacje dopełniania w sposób\n"
" pozwalający na ich ponowne użycie jako wejście.\n"
" \n"
" Opcje:\n"
"Display possible completions depending on the options.\n"
" \n"
" Intended to be used from within a shell function generating possible\n"
-" completions. If the optional WORD argument is supplied, matches "
-"against\n"
+" completions. If the optional WORD argument is supplied, matches against\n"
" WORD are generated.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
msgid ""
"Modify or display completion options.\n"
" \n"
-" Modify the completion options for each NAME, or, if no NAMEs are "
-"supplied,\n"
-" the completion currently being executed. If no OPTIONs are given, "
-"print\n"
-" the completion options for each NAME or the current completion "
-"specification.\n"
+" Modify the completion options for each NAME, or, if no NAMEs are supplied,\n"
+" the completion currently being executed. If no OPTIONs are given, print\n"
+" the completion options for each NAME or the current completion specification.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" \t-o option\tSet completion option OPTION for each NAME\n"
" \n"
" Zmiana opcji dopełniania dla każdej NAZWY lub, jeśli nie podano NAZW,\n"
" aktualnie wykonywanego dopełniania. Jeśli nie podano OPCJI, wypisanie\n"
-" opcji dopełniania dla każdej NAZWY lub bieżącej specyfikacji "
-"dopełniania.\n"
+" opcji dopełniania dla każdej NAZWY lub bieżącej specyfikacji dopełniania.\n"
" \n"
" Opcje:\n"
" \t-o opcja\tUstawienie podanej OPCJI dopełniania dla każdej NAZWY\n"
" \n"
" Argumenty:\n"
" \n"
-" Każda NAZWA odnosi się do polecenia, dla którego specyfikacja "
-"dopełniania\n"
+" Każda NAZWA odnosi się do polecenia, dla którego specyfikacja dopełniania\n"
" musi być wcześniej zdefiniowana przy użyciu polecenia wbudowanego\n"
" `complete'. Jeśli nie podano NAZW, compopt musi być wywołane z funkcji\n"
-" aktualnie generującej dopełnienia, wtedy zmieniane są opcje dla "
-"aktualnie\n"
+" aktualnie generującej dopełnienia, wtedy zmieniane są opcje dla aktualnie\n"
" wykonywanego generatora dopełnień.\n"
" \n"
" Stan wyjściowy:\n"
msgid ""
"Read lines from the standard input into an indexed array variable.\n"
" \n"
-" Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable "
-"ARRAY, or\n"
-" from file descriptor FD if the -u option is supplied. The variable "
-"MAPFILE\n"
+" Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable ARRAY, or\n"
+" from file descriptor FD if the -u option is supplied. The variable MAPFILE\n"
" is the default ARRAY.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
-" -n count\tCopy at most COUNT lines. If COUNT is 0, all lines are "
-"copied.\n"
-" -O origin\tBegin assigning to ARRAY at index ORIGIN. The default "
-"index is 0.\n"
+" -n count\tCopy at most COUNT lines. If COUNT is 0, all lines are copied.\n"
+" -O origin\tBegin assigning to ARRAY at index ORIGIN. The default index is 0.\n"
" -s count \tDiscard the first COUNT lines read.\n"
" -t\t\tRemove a trailing newline from each line read.\n"
-" -u fd\t\tRead lines from file descriptor FD instead of the standard "
-"input.\n"
+" -u fd\t\tRead lines from file descriptor FD instead of the standard input.\n"
" -C callback\tEvaluate CALLBACK each time QUANTUM lines are read.\n"
-" -c quantum\tSpecify the number of lines read between each call to "
-"CALLBACK.\n"
+" -c quantum\tSpecify the number of lines read between each call to CALLBACK.\n"
" \n"
" Arguments:\n"
" ARRAY\t\tArray variable name to use for file data.\n"
" element to be assigned and the line to be assigned to that element\n"
" as additional arguments.\n"
" \n"
-" If not supplied with an explicit origin, mapfile will clear ARRAY "
-"before\n"
+" If not supplied with an explicit origin, mapfile will clear ARRAY before\n"
" assigning to it.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or ARRAY is readonly "
-"or\n"
+" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or ARRAY is readonly or\n"
" not an indexed array."
msgstr ""
"Odczyt linii ze standardowego wejścia do zmiennej tablicowej indeksowanej.\n"
" TABLICA\t\tNazwa zmiennej tablicowej do użycia na dane z pliku.\n"
" \n"
" Jeśli podano -C bez -c, domyślnym krokiem jest 5000. Podczas obliczania\n"
-" WYWOŁANIA jest przekazywany indeks do następnego elementu tablicy, "
-"który\n"
+" WYWOŁANIA jest przekazywany indeks do następnego elementu tablicy, który\n"
" ma być przypisany oraz - jako kolejne argumenty - linia do przypisania.\n"
" \n"
" Jeśli nie podano jawnie początku, mapfile czyści TABLICĘ przed\n"
" przypisywaniem.\n"
" \n"
" Stan wyjściowy:\n"
-" Zwracana jest prawda, chyba że podano błędną opcję lub TABLICA jest "
-"tylko\n"
+" Zwracana jest prawda, chyba że podano błędną opcję lub TABLICA jest tylko\n"
" do odczytu, lub nie jest tablicą indeksowaną."
#: builtins.c:2049
# Swedish translation of bash
-# Copyright © 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# Copyright © 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2013, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
# This file is distributed under the same license as the bash package.
-# Göran Uddeborg <goeran@uddeborg.se>, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2013.
+# Göran Uddeborg <goeran@uddeborg.se>, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2013, 2014.
#
-# $Revision: 1.13 $
+# $Revision: 1.15 $
msgid ""
msgstr ""
-"Project-Id-Version: bash 4.3-pre2\n"
+"Project-Id-Version: bash 4.3-rc2\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-01-23 16:04-0500\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2013-08-25 20:00+0200\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-01-30 22:41+0100\n"
"Last-Translator: Göran Uddeborg <goeran@uddeborg.se>\n"
"Language-Team: Swedish <tp-sv@listor.tp-sv.se>\n"
"Language: sv\n"
#: bashline.c:3971
msgid "bash_execute_unix_command: cannot find keymap for command"
-msgstr ""
-"bash_execute_unix_command: det går inte att hitta en tangentbindning för "
-"kommandot"
+msgstr "bash_execute_unix_command: det går inte att hitta en tangentbindning för kommandot"
#: bashline.c:4058
#, c-format
#: braces.c:321
#, c-format
msgid "brace expansion: cannot allocate memory for %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "klammerexpansion: kan inte allokera minne för %s"
#: braces.c:413
#, c-format
msgid "brace expansion: failed to allocate memory for %d elements"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "klammerexpansion: misslyckades att allokera minne för %d element"
#: braces.c:452
#, c-format
msgid "brace expansion: failed to allocate memory for `%s'"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "klammerexpansion: misslyckades att allokera minne för ”%s”"
#: builtins/alias.def:132
#, c-format
#: builtins/help.def:182
#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"no help topics match `%s'. Try `help help' or `man -k %s' or `info %s'."
-msgstr ""
-"inget hjälpämne matchar \"%s\". Prova \"help help\" eller \"man -k %s\" "
-"eller \"info %s\"."
+msgid "no help topics match `%s'. Try `help help' or `man -k %s' or `info %s'."
+msgstr "inget hjälpämne matchar \"%s\". Prova \"help help\" eller \"man -k %s\" eller \"info %s\"."
#: builtins/help.def:199
#, c-format
#: builtins/printf.def:768
#, c-format
msgid "format parsing problem: %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "formattolkningsproblem: %s"
#: builtins/printf.def:865
msgid "missing hex digit for \\x"
" \twith its position in the stack\n"
" \n"
" Arguments:\n"
-" +N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown "
-"by\n"
+" +N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown by\n"
" \tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.\n"
" \n"
-" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown "
-"by\n"
+" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown by\n"
"\tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero."
msgstr ""
"Visa listan av kataloger i minnet just nu. Kataloger hamnar i listan\n"
#: builtins/return.def:75
msgid "can only `return' from a function or sourced script"
-msgstr ""
-"det går bara att göra \"return\" från en funktion eller källinläst skript"
+msgstr "det går bara att göra \"return\" från en funktion eller källinläst skript"
#: builtins/set.def:782
msgid "cannot simultaneously unset a function and a variable"
#: input.c:269
#, c-format
msgid "cannot allocate new file descriptor for bash input from fd %d"
-msgstr ""
-"det går inte att allokera en ny filbeskrivare för bashindata från fb %d"
+msgstr "det går inte att allokera en ny filbeskrivare för bashindata från fb %d"
#: input.c:277
#, c-format
#: make_cmd.c:759
#, c-format
msgid "make_redirection: redirection instruction `%d' out of range"
-msgstr ""
-"make_redirection: omdirigeringsinstruktion \"%d\" utanför giltigt intervall"
+msgstr "make_redirection: omdirigeringsinstruktion \"%d\" utanför giltigt intervall"
#: parse.y:3273 parse.y:3556
#, c-format
msgstr "$%s: det går inte att tilldela på detta sätt"
#: subst.c:7917
-msgid ""
-"future versions of the shell will force evaluation as an arithmetic "
-"substitution"
-msgstr ""
-"framtida versioner av skalet kommer att framtvinga evaluering som en "
-"aritmetisk substition"
+msgid "future versions of the shell will force evaluation as an arithmetic substitution"
+msgstr "framtida versioner av skalet kommer att framtvinga evaluering som en aritmetisk substition"
#: subst.c:8421
#, c-format
#: trap.c:375
#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"run_pending_traps: signal handler is SIG_DFL, resending %d (%s) to myself"
-msgstr ""
-"run_pending_traps: signalhanterare är SIG_DFL, skickar om %d (%s) till mig "
-"själv"
+msgid "run_pending_traps: signal handler is SIG_DFL, resending %d (%s) to myself"
+msgstr "run_pending_traps: signalhanterare är SIG_DFL, skickar om %d (%s) till mig själv"
#: trap.c:428
#, c-format
msgstr "skalnivå (%d) för hög, återställer till 1"
#: variables.c:1865
-#, fuzzy, c-format
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: circular name reference"
-msgstr "%s: ogiltigt variabelnamn för referens"
+msgstr "%s: cirkulär namnreferens"
#: variables.c:2228
msgid "make_local_variable: no function context at current scope"
#: variables.c:4344
msgid "pop_var_context: head of shell_variables not a function context"
-msgstr ""
-"pop_var_context: huvudet på shell_variables är inte en funktionskontext"
+msgstr "pop_var_context: huvudet på shell_variables är inte en funktionskontext"
#: variables.c:4357
msgid "pop_var_context: no global_variables context"
#: variables.c:4431
msgid "pop_scope: head of shell_variables not a temporary environment scope"
-msgstr ""
-"pop_scope: huvudet på shell_variables är inte en temporär omgivningsräckvidd"
+msgstr "pop_scope: huvudet på shell_variables är inte en temporär omgivningsräckvidd"
#: variables.c:5257
#, c-format
msgstr "%s: %s: kompatibilitetsvärde utanför giltigt intervall"
#: version.c:46
-#, fuzzy
msgid "Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr "Copyright © 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgstr "Copyright © 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#: version.c:47 version2.c:47
-msgid ""
-"License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl."
-"html>\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Licens GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 eller senare <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl."
-"html>\n"
+msgid "License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>\n"
+msgstr "Licens GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 eller senare <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>\n"
#: version.c:86 version2.c:86
#, c-format
#: version.c:91 version2.c:91
msgid "This is free software; you are free to change and redistribute it."
-msgstr ""
-"Detta är fri programvara, det får fritt ändra och vidaredistribuera den."
+msgstr "Detta är fri programvara, det får fritt ändra och vidaredistribuera den."
#: version.c:92 version2.c:92
msgid "There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law."
msgstr "unalias [-a] namn [namn ...]"
#: builtins.c:51
-msgid ""
-"bind [-lpsvPSVX] [-m keymap] [-f filename] [-q name] [-u name] [-r keyseq] [-"
-"x keyseq:shell-command] [keyseq:readline-function or readline-command]"
-msgstr ""
-"bind [-lpvsPVSX] [-m tangentkarta] [-f filenamn] [-q namn] [-u namn] [-r "
-"tangentsekv] [-x tangentsekv:skalkommando] [tangentsekv:readline-funktion "
-"eller readline-kommando]"
+msgid "bind [-lpsvPSVX] [-m keymap] [-f filename] [-q name] [-u name] [-r keyseq] [-x keyseq:shell-command] [keyseq:readline-function or readline-command]"
+msgstr "bind [-lpvsPVSX] [-m tangentkarta] [-f filenamn] [-q namn] [-u namn] [-r tangentsekv] [-x tangentsekv:skalkommando] [tangentsekv:readline-funktion eller readline-kommando]"
#: builtins.c:54
msgid "break [n]"
msgstr "caller [uttr]"
#: builtins.c:64
-#, fuzzy
msgid "cd [-L|[-P [-e]] [-@]] [dir]"
-msgstr "cd [-L|[-P [-e]]] [kat]"
+msgstr "cd [-L|[-P [-e]] [-@] [kat]"
#: builtins.c:66
msgid "pwd [-LP]"
#: builtins.c:103
msgid "fc [-e ename] [-lnr] [first] [last] or fc -s [pat=rep] [command]"
-msgstr ""
-"fc [-e rnamn] [-lnr] [första] [sista] eller fc -s [mnst=ers] [kommando]"
+msgstr "fc [-e rnamn] [-lnr] [första] [sista] eller fc -s [mnst=ers] [kommando]"
#: builtins.c:107
msgid "fg [job_spec]"
msgstr "help [-dms] [mönster ...]"
#: builtins.c:121
-msgid ""
-"history [-c] [-d offset] [n] or history -anrw [filename] or history -ps arg "
-"[arg...]"
-msgstr ""
-"history [-c] [-d avstånd] [n] eller history -anrw [filnamn] eller history -"
-"ps arg [arg...]"
+msgid "history [-c] [-d offset] [n] or history -anrw [filename] or history -ps arg [arg...]"
+msgstr "history [-c] [-d avstånd] [n] eller history -anrw [filnamn] eller history -ps arg [arg...]"
#: builtins.c:125
msgid "jobs [-lnprs] [jobspec ...] or jobs -x command [args]"
msgstr "disown [-h] [-ar] [jobbspec ...]"
#: builtins.c:132
-msgid ""
-"kill [-s sigspec | -n signum | -sigspec] pid | jobspec ... or kill -l "
-"[sigspec]"
-msgstr ""
-"kill [-s sigspec | -n signum | -sigspec] pid | jobbspec ... eller kill -l "
-"[sigspec]"
+msgid "kill [-s sigspec | -n signum | -sigspec] pid | jobspec ... or kill -l [sigspec]"
+msgstr "kill [-s sigspec | -n signum | -sigspec] pid | jobbspec ... eller kill -l [sigspec]"
#: builtins.c:134
msgid "let arg [arg ...]"
msgstr "let arg [arg ...]"
#: builtins.c:136
-msgid ""
-"read [-ers] [-a array] [-d delim] [-i text] [-n nchars] [-N nchars] [-p "
-"prompt] [-t timeout] [-u fd] [name ...]"
-msgstr ""
-"read [-ers] [-a vektor] [-d avgr] [-i text] [-n ntkn] [-N ntkn] [-p prompt] "
-"[-t tidgräns] [-u fb] [namn ...]"
+msgid "read [-ers] [-a array] [-d delim] [-i text] [-n nchars] [-N nchars] [-p prompt] [-t timeout] [-u fd] [name ...]"
+msgstr "read [-ers] [-a vektor] [-d avgr] [-i text] [-n ntkn] [-N ntkn] [-p prompt] [-t tidgräns] [-u fb] [namn ...]"
#: builtins.c:138
msgid "return [n]"
msgstr "case ORD in [MÖNSTER [| MÖNSTER]...) KOMMANDON ;;]... esac"
#: builtins.c:192
-msgid ""
-"if COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; [ elif COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; ]... [ else "
-"COMMANDS; ] fi"
-msgstr ""
-"if KOMMANDON; then KOMMANDON; [ elif KOMMANDON; then KOMMANDON; ]... [ else "
-"KOMMANDON; ] fi"
+msgid "if COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; [ elif COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; ]... [ else COMMANDS; ] fi"
+msgstr "if KOMMANDON; then KOMMANDON; [ elif KOMMANDON; then KOMMANDON; ]... [ else KOMMANDON; ] fi"
#: builtins.c:194
msgid "while COMMANDS; do COMMANDS; done"
msgstr "printf [-v var] format [argument]"
#: builtins.c:229
-msgid ""
-"complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DE] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-"
-"W wordlist] [-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S "
-"suffix] [name ...]"
-msgstr ""
-"complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DE] [-o flagga] [-A åtgärd] [-G globmnst] [-"
-"W ordlista] [-F funktion] [-C kommando] [-X filtermnst] [-P prefix] [-S "
-"suffix] [namn ...]"
+msgid "complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DE] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] [-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [name ...]"
+msgstr "complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DE] [-o flagga] [-A åtgärd] [-G globmnst] [-W ordlista] [-F funktion] [-C kommando] [-X filtermnst] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [namn ...]"
#: builtins.c:233
-msgid ""
-"compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] "
-"[-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [word]"
-msgstr ""
-"compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o flagga] [-A åtgärd] [-G globmnst] [-W "
-"ordlista] [-F funktion] [-C kommando] [-X filtermnst] [-P prefix] [-S "
-"suffix] [ord]"
+msgid "compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] [-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [word]"
+msgstr "compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o flagga] [-A åtgärd] [-G globmnst] [-W ordlista] [-F funktion] [-C kommando] [-X filtermnst] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [ord]"
#: builtins.c:237
msgid "compopt [-o|+o option] [-DE] [name ...]"
msgstr "compopt [-o|+o flagga] [-DE] [namn ...]"
#: builtins.c:240
-msgid ""
-"mapfile [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c "
-"quantum] [array]"
-msgstr ""
-"mapfile [-n antal] [-O start] [-s antal] [-t] [-u fb] [-C återanrop] [-c "
-"kvanta] [vektor]"
+msgid "mapfile [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c quantum] [array]"
+msgstr "mapfile [-n antal] [-O start] [-s antal] [-t] [-u fb] [-C återanrop] [-c kvanta] [vektor]"
#: builtins.c:242
-msgid ""
-"readarray [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c "
-"quantum] [array]"
-msgstr ""
-"readarray [-n antal] [-O start] [-s antal] [-t] [-u fb] [-C återanrop] [-c "
-"kvanta] [vektor]"
+msgid "readarray [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c quantum] [array]"
+msgstr "readarray [-n antal] [-O start] [-s antal] [-t] [-u fb] [-C återanrop] [-c kvanta] [vektor]"
#: builtins.c:254
msgid ""
" -p\tPrint all defined aliases in a reusable format\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" alias returns true unless a NAME is supplied for which no alias has "
-"been\n"
+" alias returns true unless a NAME is supplied for which no alias has been\n"
" defined."
msgstr ""
"Definiera eller visa alias.\n"
" \n"
-" Utan argumen skriver \"alias\" listan på alias på den återanvändbara "
-"formen\n"
+" Utan argumen skriver \"alias\" listan på alias på den återanvändbara formen\n"
" \"alias NAMN=VÄRDE\" på standard ut.\n"
" \n"
" Annars är ett alias definierat för varje NAMN vars VÄRDE är angivet.\n"
" Options:\n"
" -m keymap Use KEYMAP as the keymap for the duration of this\n"
" command. Acceptable keymap names are emacs,\n"
-" emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-"
-"move,\n"
+" emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-move,\n"
" vi-command, and vi-insert.\n"
" -l List names of functions.\n"
" -P List function names and bindings.\n"
" -p List functions and bindings in a form that can be\n"
" reused as input.\n"
-" -S List key sequences that invoke macros and their "
-"values\n"
-" -s List key sequences that invoke macros and their "
-"values\n"
+" -S List key sequences that invoke macros and their values\n"
+" -s List key sequences that invoke macros and their values\n"
" in a form that can be reused as input.\n"
" -V List variable names and values\n"
" -v List variable names and values in a form that can\n"
" be reused as input.\n"
" -q function-name Query about which keys invoke the named function.\n"
-" -u function-name Unbind all keys which are bound to the named "
-"function.\n"
+" -u function-name Unbind all keys which are bound to the named function.\n"
" -r keyseq Remove the binding for KEYSEQ.\n"
" -f filename Read key bindings from FILENAME.\n"
" -x keyseq:shell-command\tCause SHELL-COMMAND to be executed when\n"
msgstr ""
"Sätt Readline-tangentbindningar och -variabler.\n"
" \n"
-" Bind en tangentsekvens till en Readline-funktion eller -makro, eller "
-"sätt\n"
+" Bind en tangentsekvens till en Readline-funktion eller -makro, eller sätt\n"
" en Readline-variabel. Syntaxen för argument vid sidan om flaggor är\n"
-" densamma som den i ~/.inputrc, men måste skickas som ett ensamt "
-"argument:\n"
+" densamma som den i ~/.inputrc, men måste skickas som ett ensamt argument:\n"
" t.ex., bind '\"\\C-x\\C-r\": re-read-init-file'.\n"
" \n"
" Flaggor:\n"
" -m tangentkarta Använt TANGENTKARTA som tangentkarta under detta\n"
" kommando. Acceptabla tangentkartenamn är emacs,\n"
-" emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-"
-"move,\n"
+" emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-move,\n"
" vi-command och vi-insert.\n"
" -l Lista namnen på funktioner.\n"
" -P List funktionsnamn och bindningar.\n"
" -p List funktioner och bindningar på ett sätt som kan\n"
" återanvändas som indata.\n"
-" -S Lista tangentsekvenser som anropar makron och "
-"deras\n"
+" -S Lista tangentsekvenser som anropar makron och deras\n"
" värden.\n"
-" -s Lista tangentskevenser som anropar makron och "
-"deras\n"
-" värden på ett sätt som kan återanvändas som "
-"indata.\n"
+" -s Lista tangentskevenser som anropar makron och deras\n"
+" värden på ett sätt som kan återanvändas som indata.\n"
" -V Lista variabelnamn och värden\n"
" -v Lista variabelnamn och värden på ett sätt som kan\n"
" återanvändas som indata.\n"
-" -q funktionsnamn Fråga efter vilka tangenter som anroper den "
-"namngivna\n"
+" -q funktionsnamn Fråga efter vilka tangenter som anroper den namngivna\n"
" funktionen\n"
" -u funktionsnamn Tag bort alla tangenter som är bundna till den\n"
" namngivna funktionen.\n"
msgstr ""
"Återuppta for-, while eller until-slinga.\n"
" \n"
-" Återuppta nästa iteration i den omslutande FOR-, WHILE- eller UNTIL-"
-"slingan.\n"
+" Återuppta nästa iteration i den omslutande FOR-, WHILE- eller UNTIL-slingan.\n"
" Om N anges, återuppta den N:e omslutande slingan.\n"
" \n"
" Slutstatus:\n"
" \n"
" Execute SHELL-BUILTIN with arguments ARGs without performing command\n"
" lookup. This is useful when you wish to reimplement a shell builtin\n"
-" as a shell function, but need to execute the builtin within the "
-"function.\n"
+" as a shell function, but need to execute the builtin within the function.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns the exit status of SHELL-BUILTIN, or false if SHELL-BUILTIN is\n"
msgstr ""
"Exekvera en i skalet inbyggd funktion.\n"
" \n"
-" Exekvera SKALINBYGGD med argument ARG utan att utföra "
-"kommandouppslagning.\n"
+" Exekvera SKALINBYGGD med argument ARG utan att utföra kommandouppslagning.\n"
" Detta är användbart när du vill implementera om en inbyggd funktion i\n"
" skalet som en skalfunktion, men behöver köra den inbyggda funktionen i\n"
" skalfunktionen.\n"
" \n"
" Slutstatus:\n"
-" Returnerar slutstatus från SKALINBYGGD, eller falkst om SKALINBYGGD "
-"inte\n"
+" Returnerar slutstatus från SKALINBYGGD, eller falkst om SKALINBYGGD inte\n"
" är inbyggd i skalet."
#: builtins.c:367
" ogiltigt."
#: builtins.c:385
-#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Change the shell working directory.\n"
" \n"
-" Change the current directory to DIR. The default DIR is the value of "
-"the\n"
+" Change the current directory to DIR. The default DIR is the value of the\n"
" HOME shell variable.\n"
" \n"
-" The variable CDPATH defines the search path for the directory "
-"containing\n"
-" DIR. Alternative directory names in CDPATH are separated by a colon "
-"(:).\n"
-" A null directory name is the same as the current directory. If DIR "
-"begins\n"
+" The variable CDPATH defines the search path for the directory containing\n"
+" DIR. Alternative directory names in CDPATH are separated by a colon (:).\n"
+" A null directory name is the same as the current directory. If DIR begins\n"
" with a slash (/), then CDPATH is not used.\n"
" \n"
-" If the directory is not found, and the shell option `cdable_vars' is "
-"set,\n"
-" the word is assumed to be a variable name. If that variable has a "
-"value,\n"
+" If the directory is not found, and the shell option `cdable_vars' is set,\n"
+" the word is assumed to be a variable name. If that variable has a value,\n"
" its value is used for DIR.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" \tof `..'\n"
" -e\tif the -P option is supplied, and the current working directory\n"
" \tcannot be determined successfully, exit with a non-zero status\n"
-" -@ on systems that support it, present a file with extended "
-"attributes\n"
+" -@ on systems that support it, present a file with extended attributes\n"
" as a directory containing the file attributes\n"
" \n"
" The default is to follow symbolic links, as if `-L' were specified.\n"
-" `..' is processed by removing the immediately previous pathname "
-"component\n"
+" `..' is processed by removing the immediately previous pathname component\n"
" back to a slash or the beginning of DIR.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns 0 if the directory is changed, and if $PWD is set successfully "
-"when\n"
+" Returns 0 if the directory is changed, and if $PWD is set successfully when\n"
" -P is used; non-zero otherwise."
msgstr ""
"Ändra skalets arbetskatalog.\n"
" \t”..”\n"
" -e\tom flaggan -P ges, och det inte går att avgöra den aktuella\n"
" \tkatalogen, returnera då med status skild från noll\n"
+" -@ på system som stödjer det, presentera en fil med utökade attribut\n"
+" som en katalog som innehåller filattributen\n"
" \n"
" Standardvärde är att följa symboliska längar, som om ”-L” vore angivet.\n"
" ”..” behandlas genom att ta bort den omedelbart föregående\n"
" Som standard beter sig \"pwd\" som om \"-L\" vore angivet.\n"
" \n"
" Slutstatus:\n"
-" Returnerar 0 om inte en ogiltig flagga anges eller den aktuella "
-"katalogen\n"
+" Returnerar 0 om inte en ogiltig flagga anges eller den aktuella katalogen\n"
" inte kan läsas."
#: builtins.c:439
"Execute a simple command or display information about commands.\n"
" \n"
" Runs COMMAND with ARGS suppressing shell function lookup, or display\n"
-" information about the specified COMMANDs. Can be used to invoke "
-"commands\n"
+" information about the specified COMMANDs. Can be used to invoke commands\n"
" on disk when a function with the same name exists.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -V\tskriv en mer utförlig beskrivning om varje KOMMANDO\n"
" \n"
" Slutstatus:\n"
-" Returnerar slutstatus från KOMMANDO, eller misslyckande om KOMMANDO "
-"inte\n"
+" Returnerar slutstatus från KOMMANDO, eller misslyckande om KOMMANDO inte\n"
" finns."
#: builtins.c:487
" Variables with the integer attribute have arithmetic evaluation (see\n"
" the `let' command) performed when the variable is assigned a value.\n"
" \n"
-" When used in a function, `declare' makes NAMEs local, as with the "
-"`local'\n"
+" When used in a function, `declare' makes NAMEs local, as with the `local'\n"
" command. The `-g' option suppresses this behavior.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" För variabler med attributet heltal utförs atitmetisk beräkning (se\n"
" kommandot \"let\") när variabeln tilldelas ett värde.\n"
" \n"
-" Vid användning i en funktion gör \"declare\" NAMN lokala, som med "
-"kommandot\n"
+" Vid användning i en funktion gör \"declare\" NAMN lokala, som med kommandot\n"
" \"local\". Flaggan \"-g\" åsidosätter detta beteende.\n"
" \n"
" Slutstatus:\n"
" Skapa en lokal variabel kallad NAMN, och ge den VÄRDE. FLAGGA kan\n"
" vara alla flaggor som accepteras av ”declare”.\n"
" \n"
-" Lokala variabler kan endast användas i en funktion; de är synliga "
-"endast\n"
+" Lokala variabler kan endast användas i en funktion; de är synliga endast\n"
" för funktionen de definieras i och dess barn.\n"
" \n"
" Slutstatus:\n"
msgid ""
"Write arguments to the standard output.\n"
" \n"
-" Display the ARGs, separated by a single space character and followed by "
-"a\n"
+" Display the ARGs, separated by a single space character and followed by a\n"
" newline, on the standard output.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
msgid ""
"Execute arguments as a shell command.\n"
" \n"
-" Combine ARGs into a single string, use the result as input to the "
-"shell,\n"
+" Combine ARGs into a single string, use the result as input to the shell,\n"
" and execute the resulting commands.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
msgstr ""
"Exekvera argument som ett skalkommando.\n"
" \n"
-" Kombinera ARGument till en enda sträng, och använd resultatet som "
-"indata\n"
+" Kombinera ARGument till en enda sträng, och använd resultatet som indata\n"
" till skalet och exekvera de resulterande kommandona.\n"
" \n"
" Slutstatus:\n"
"Replace the shell with the given command.\n"
" \n"
" Execute COMMAND, replacing this shell with the specified program.\n"
-" ARGUMENTS become the arguments to COMMAND. If COMMAND is not "
-"specified,\n"
+" ARGUMENTS become the arguments to COMMAND. If COMMAND is not specified,\n"
" any redirections take effect in the current shell.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -c\t\texecute COMMAND with an empty environment\n"
" -l\t\tplace a dash in the zeroth argument to COMMAND\n"
" \n"
-" If the command cannot be executed, a non-interactive shell exits, "
-"unless\n"
+" If the command cannot be executed, a non-interactive shell exits, unless\n"
" the shell option `execfail' is set.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless COMMAND is not found or a redirection error "
-"occurs."
+" Returns success unless COMMAND is not found or a redirection error occurs."
msgstr ""
"Ersätt skalet med det givna kommandot.\n"
" \n"
-" Exekvera KOMMANDO genom att ersätta detta skal med det angivna "
-"programmet.\n"
+" Exekvera KOMMANDO genom att ersätta detta skal med det angivna programmet.\n"
" ARGUMENT blir argument till KOMMANDO. Om KOMMANDO inte anges kommer\n"
" eventuella omdirigeringar att gälla för det aktuella skalet.\n"
" \n"
msgid ""
"Exit a login shell.\n"
" \n"
-" Exits a login shell with exit status N. Returns an error if not "
-"executed\n"
+" Exits a login shell with exit status N. Returns an error if not executed\n"
" in a login shell."
msgstr ""
"Avsluta ett inloggningsskal.\n"
msgid ""
"Display or execute commands from the history list.\n"
" \n"
-" fc is used to list or edit and re-execute commands from the history "
-"list.\n"
+" fc is used to list or edit and re-execute commands from the history list.\n"
" FIRST and LAST can be numbers specifying the range, or FIRST can be a\n"
" string, which means the most recent command beginning with that\n"
" string.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
-" -e ENAME\tselect which editor to use. Default is FCEDIT, then "
-"EDITOR,\n"
+" -e ENAME\tselect which editor to use. Default is FCEDIT, then EDITOR,\n"
" \t\tthen vi\n"
" -l \tlist lines instead of editing\n"
" -n\tomit line numbers when listing\n"
" the last command.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success or status of executed command; non-zero if an error "
-"occurs."
+" Returns success or status of executed command; non-zero if an error occurs."
msgstr ""
"Visa eller kör kommandon från historielistan.\n"
" \n"
" Med formatet \"fc -s [mnst=ers ...] [kommando]\" körs KOMMANDO om efter\n"
" att substitutionen GAMMALT=NYTT har utförts.\n"
" \n"
-" Ett användbart alias att använda med detta är r=\"fc -s\", så att "
-"skriva\n"
-" \"r cc\" kör senaste kommandot som börjar med \"cc\" och att skriva \"r"
-"\" kör\n"
+" Ett användbart alias att använda med detta är r=\"fc -s\", så att skriva\n"
+" \"r cc\" kör senaste kommandot som börjar med \"cc\" och att skriva \"r\" kör\n"
" om senaste kommandot.\n"
" \n"
" Slutstatus:\n"
msgid ""
"Move jobs to the background.\n"
" \n"
-" Place the jobs identified by each JOB_SPEC in the background, as if "
-"they\n"
-" had been started with `&'. If JOB_SPEC is not present, the shell's "
-"notion\n"
+" Place the jobs identified by each JOB_SPEC in the background, as if they\n"
+" had been started with `&'. If JOB_SPEC is not present, the shell's notion\n"
" of the current job is used.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
msgstr ""
"Flytta jobb till bakgrunden.\n"
" \n"
-" Placera jobben som idintifieras av varje JOBBSPEC i bakgrunden som om "
-"de\n"
-" hade startats med \"&\". Om ingen JOBBSPEC finns används skalets "
-"begrepp\n"
+" Placera jobben som idintifieras av varje JOBBSPEC i bakgrunden som om de\n"
+" hade startats med \"&\". Om ingen JOBBSPEC finns används skalets begrepp\n"
" om det aktuella jobbet.\n"
" \n"
" Slutstatus:\n"
-" Returnerar framgång om inte jobbstyrning inte är aktiverat eller ett "
-"fel\n"
+" Returnerar framgång om inte jobbstyrning inte är aktiverat eller ett fel\n"
" inträffar."
#: builtins.c:784
-#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Remember or display program locations.\n"
" \n"
" Determine and remember the full pathname of each command NAME. If\n"
-" no arguments are given, information about remembered commands is "
-"displayed.\n"
+" no arguments are given, information about remembered commands is displayed.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -d\t\tforget the remembered location of each NAME\n"
"Kom ihåg eller visa programlägen.\n"
" \n"
" Bestäm och kom ihåg den fullständiga sökvägen till varje kommando NAMN.\n"
-" Om inget argument ges visas information om kommandon som finns i "
-"minnet.\n"
+" Om inget argument ges visas information om kommandon som finns i minnet.\n"
" \n"
" Flaggor:\n"
" -d\t\tglöm platsen i minnet för varje NAMN\n"
" PATTERN\tPattern specifiying a help topic\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless PATTERN is not found or an invalid option is "
-"given."
+" Returns success unless PATTERN is not found or an invalid option is given."
msgstr ""
"Visa information om inbyggda kommandon.\n"
" \n"
" Visar korta sammanfattningar om inbyggda kommandon. Om MÖNSTER anges\n"
-" ges detaljerad hjälp om alla kommandon som matchar MÖNSTER, annars "
-"skrivs\n"
+" ges detaljerad hjälp om alla kommandon som matchar MÖNSTER, annars skrivs\n"
" listan med hjälpämnen.\n"
" \n"
" Flaggor:\n"
" MÖNSTER\tMönster som anger hjälpämnen\n"
" \n"
" Slutstatus:\n"
-" Returnerar framgång om inte MÖNSTER inte finns eller en ogiltig flagga "
-"ges."
+" Returnerar framgång om inte MÖNSTER inte finns eller en ogiltig flagga ges."
#: builtins.c:833
msgid ""
" \n"
" If the $HISTTIMEFORMAT variable is set and not null, its value is used\n"
" as a format string for strftime(3) to print the time stamp associated\n"
-" with each displayed history entry. No time stamps are printed "
-"otherwise.\n"
+" with each displayed history entry. No time stamps are printed otherwise.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or an error occurs."
" \tatt lagra det i historielistan\n"
" -s\tlägg till ARG till historielistan som en ensam post\n"
" \n"
-" Om FILENAMN anges används det som historiefil. Annars, om $HISTFILE "
-"har\n"
+" Om FILENAMN anges används det som historiefil. Annars, om $HISTFILE har\n"
" ett värde används det, annars ~/.bash_history.\n"
" \n"
-" Om variabeln $HISTTIMEFORMAT är satt och inte tom används dess värde "
-"som\n"
-" en formatsträng till strftime(3) för att skriva tidsstämplar "
-"tillhörande\n"
+" Om variabeln $HISTTIMEFORMAT är satt och inte tom används dess värde som\n"
+" en formatsträng till strftime(3) för att skriva tidsstämplar tillhörande\n"
" varje visad historiepost. Inga tidsstämplar skrivs annars.\n"
" \n"
" Slutstatus:\n"
-" Returnerar framgång om inte en ogiltig flagga ges eller ett fel "
-"inträffar."
+" Returnerar framgång om inte en ogiltig flagga ges eller ett fel inträffar."
#: builtins.c:869
msgid ""
" i ARG har ersatts med process-id:t för det jobbets processgruppledare.\n"
" \n"
" Slutstatus:\n"
-" Returnerar framgång om inte en ogiltig flagga ges eller ett fel "
-"inträffar.\n"
+" Returnerar framgång om inte en ogiltig flagga ges eller ett fel inträffar.\n"
" Om -x används returneras slutstatus från KOMMANDO."
#: builtins.c:896
msgstr ""
"Skicka en signal till ett jobb.\n"
" \n"
-" Skicka processerna som identifieras av PID eller JOBBSPEC signalerna "
-"som\n"
+" Skicka processerna som identifieras av PID eller JOBBSPEC signalerna som\n"
" namnges av SIGSPEC eller SIGNUM. Om varken SIGSPEC eller SIGNUM är\n"
" angivna antas SIGTERM.\n"
" \n"
" -l\tlista signalnamnen. Om argument följer \"-l\" antas de vara\n"
" \tsignalnummer som namn skall listas för\n"
" \n"
-" Kill är inbyggt i skalet av två skäl: det tillåter att jobb-id:n "
-"används\n"
-" istället för process-id:n, och det tillåter processer att dödas om "
-"gränsen\n"
+" Kill är inbyggt i skalet av två skäl: det tillåter att jobb-id:n används\n"
+" istället för process-id:n, och det tillåter processer att dödas om gränsen\n"
" för hur många processer du får skapa har nåtts.\n"
" \n"
" Slutstatus:\n"
" Evaluate each ARG as an arithmetic expression. Evaluation is done in\n"
" fixed-width integers with no check for overflow, though division by 0\n"
" is trapped and flagged as an error. The following list of operators is\n"
-" grouped into levels of equal-precedence operators. The levels are "
-"listed\n"
+" grouped into levels of equal-precedence operators. The levels are listed\n"
" in order of decreasing precedence.\n"
" \n"
" \tid++, id--\tvariable post-increment, post-decrement\n"
msgstr ""
"Evaluera aritmetiska uttryck.\n"
" \n"
-" Evaluera varje ARG som ett aritmetiskt uttryck. Evaluering görs i "
-"heltal\n"
+" Evaluera varje ARG som ett aritmetiskt uttryck. Evaluering görs i heltal\n"
" med fix bredd utan kontroll av spill, fast division med 0 fångas och\n"
" flaggas som ett fel. Följande lista över operatorer är grupperad i\n"
-" nivåer av operatorer med samma precedens. Nivåerna är listade i "
-"ordning\n"
+" nivåer av operatorer med samma precedens. Nivåerna är listade i ordning\n"
" med sjunkande precedens.\n"
" \n"
" \tid++, id--\tpostinkrementering av variabel, postdekrementering\n"
" uttryck. Variablerna behöver inte ha sina heltalsattribut påslagna för\n"
" att användas i ett uttryck.\n"
" \n"
-" Operatorer beräknas i precedensordning. Delutryck i parenteser "
-"beräknas\n"
+" Operatorer beräknas i precedensordning. Delutryck i parenteser beräknas\n"
" först och kan åsidosätta precedensreglerna ovan.\n"
" \n"
" Slutstatus:\n"
-" Om det sista ARG beräknas till 0, returnerar let 1; let returnerar 0 "
-"annars."
+" Om det sista ARG beräknas till 0, returnerar let 1; let returnerar 0 annars."
#: builtins.c:983
msgid ""
"Read a line from the standard input and split it into fields.\n"
" \n"
" Reads a single line from the standard input, or from file descriptor FD\n"
-" if the -u option is supplied. The line is split into fields as with "
-"word\n"
+" if the -u option is supplied. The line is split into fields as with word\n"
" splitting, and the first word is assigned to the first NAME, the second\n"
" word to the second NAME, and so on, with any leftover words assigned to\n"
-" the last NAME. Only the characters found in $IFS are recognized as "
-"word\n"
+" the last NAME. Only the characters found in $IFS are recognized as word\n"
" delimiters.\n"
" \n"
-" If no NAMEs are supplied, the line read is stored in the REPLY "
-"variable.\n"
+" If no NAMEs are supplied, the line read is stored in the REPLY variable.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -a array\tassign the words read to sequential indices of the array\n"
" -n nchars\treturn after reading NCHARS characters rather than waiting\n"
" \t\tfor a newline, but honor a delimiter if fewer than NCHARS\n"
" \t\tcharacters are read before the delimiter\n"
-" -N nchars\treturn only after reading exactly NCHARS characters, "
-"unless\n"
+" -N nchars\treturn only after reading exactly NCHARS characters, unless\n"
" \t\tEOF is encountered or read times out, ignoring any delimiter\n"
" -p prompt\toutput the string PROMPT without a trailing newline before\n"
" \t\tattempting to read\n"
" -r\t\tdo not allow backslashes to escape any characters\n"
" -s\t\tdo not echo input coming from a terminal\n"
-" -t timeout\ttime out and return failure if a complete line of input "
-"is\n"
+" -t timeout\ttime out and return failure if a complete line of input is\n"
" \t\tnot read within TIMEOUT seconds. The value of the TMOUT\n"
" \t\tvariable is the default timeout. TIMEOUT may be a\n"
" \t\tfractional number. If TIMEOUT is 0, read returns immediately,\n"
" -u fd\t\tread from file descriptor FD instead of the standard input\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, read times "
-"out\n"
-" (in which case it's greater than 128), a variable assignment error "
-"occurs,\n"
+" The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, read times out\n"
+" (in which case it's greater than 128), a variable assignment error occurs,\n"
" or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as the argument to -u."
msgstr ""
"Läs en rad från standard in och dela upp den i fält.\n"
" \n"
" Läser en ensam rad från standard in, eller från filbeskrivare FB om\n"
-" flaggan -u ges. Raden delas upp i fält som vid orduppdelning, och "
-"första\n"
-" ordet tilldelas det första NAMNet, andra ordet till det andra NAMNet, "
-"och\n"
+" flaggan -u ges. Raden delas upp i fält som vid orduppdelning, och första\n"
+" ordet tilldelas det första NAMNet, andra ordet till det andra NAMNet, och\n"
" så vidare, med eventuella återstående ord tilldelade till det sista\n"
" NAMNet. Endast tecknen som finns i $IFS används som ordavgränsare.\n"
" \n"
" Om inga NAMN anges, lagras den inlästa raden i variabeln REPLY.\n"
" \n"
" Flaggor:\n"
-" -a vektor\ttilldela de inlästa orden till sekvensiella index i "
-"vektor-\n"
+" -a vektor\ttilldela de inlästa orden till sekvensiella index i vektor-\n"
" \t\tvariabeln VEKTOR, med start från noll\n"
" -d avgr\tfortsätt tills det första tecknet i AVGR lästs, istället för\n"
" \t\tnyrad\n"
" -n ntkn\treturnera efter att ha läst NTKN tecken istället för att\n"
" \t\tvänta på en nyrad, men ta hänsyn till en avgränsare om färre\n"
" \t\tän NTKN tecken lästs före avgränsaren\n"
-" -N ntkn\treturnera endast efter att ha läst exakt NTKN tecken, om "
-"inte\n"
+" -N ntkn\treturnera endast efter att ha läst exakt NTKN tecken, om inte\n"
" \t\tfilslut påträffades eller tidsgränsen överskreds, ignorera\n"
" \t\talla avgränsare\n"
" -p prompt\tskriv ut strängen PROMPT utan en avslutande nyrad före\n"
" \t\tkomplett rad lästs inom TIDSGRÄNS sekunder. Värdet på variabeln\n"
" \t\tTMOUT är standardvärdet på tidsgränsen. TIDSGRÄNS kan vara ett\n"
" \t\tdecimaltal. Om TIDSGRÄNS är 0 returnerar read direkt, utan\n"
-" att försöka läsa några data, och returnerar lyckad status "
-"bara\n"
+" att försöka läsa några data, och returnerar lyckad status bara\n"
"\t\tom det finns indata tillgängligt på den angivna filbeskrivaren.\n"
" Slutstatus är större än 128 om tidsgränsen överskrids\n"
" -u fb\t\tläs från filbeskrivare FB istället för standard in\n"
" \n"
" Slutstatus:\n"
" Returkoden är noll om inte filslut nås, läsningens tidsgräns överskrids\n"
-" (då den är större än 128), ett fel vid variabeltilldelning inträffar "
-"eller\n"
+" (då den är större än 128), ett fel vid variabeltilldelning inträffar eller\n"
" en ogiltig filbeskrivare ges som argument till -u."
#: builtins.c:1028
" physical same as -P\n"
" pipefail the return value of a pipeline is the status of\n"
" the last command to exit with a non-zero status,\n"
-" or zero if no command exited with a non-zero "
-"status\n"
+" or zero if no command exited with a non-zero status\n"
" posix change the behavior of bash where the default\n"
" operation differs from the Posix standard to\n"
" match the standard\n"
" -e Avsluta omedelbart om ett kommando avslutar med nollskild status.\n"
" -f Avaktivera filnamnsgenerering (globbing).\n"
" -h Kom ihåg platsen för kommandon när de slås upp.\n"
-" -k Alla tilldelningsargument placeras i miljön för ett kommando, "
-"inte\n"
+" -k Alla tilldelningsargument placeras i miljön för ett kommando, inte\n"
" bara de som föregår kommandonamnet.\n"
" -m Jobbstyrning är aktiverat.\n"
" -n Läs kommandon men exekvera dem inte.\n"
" hashall samma som -h\n"
" histexpand samma som -H\n"
" history aktivera kommandohistoria\n"
-" ignoreeof skalet kommer inte avsluta vid läsning av "
-"filslut\n"
+" ignoreeof skalet kommer inte avsluta vid läsning av filslut\n"
" interactive-comments\n"
" tillåt kommentarer att förekomma i interaktiva\n"
" kommandon\n"
" xtrace samma som -x\n"
" -p Slås på när den verkliga och effektiva användar-id:n inte stämmer\n"
" överens. Avaktiverar bearbetning av $ENV-filen och import av\n"
-" skalfunktioner. Att slå av denna flagga får den effektiva uid "
-"och\n"
+" skalfunktioner. Att slå av denna flagga får den effektiva uid och\n"
" gid att sättas till den verkliga uid och gid.\n"
" -t Avsluta efter att ha läst och exekverat ett kommando.\n"
" -u Behandla osatta variabler som fel vid substitution.\n"
" -P Om satt löses inte symboliska länkar upp när kommandon såsom cd\n"
" körs som ändrar aktuell katalog.\n"
" -T Om satt ärvs DEBUG-fällan av skalfunktioner.\n"
-" -- Tilldela eventuella återstående argument till "
-"positionsparametrar.\n"
+" -- Tilldela eventuella återstående argument till positionsparametrar.\n"
" Om det inte finns några återstående argument nollställs\n"
" positionsparametrarna.\n"
-" - Tilldela eventuella återstående argument till "
-"positionsparametrar.\n"
+" - Tilldela eventuella återstående argument till positionsparametrar.\n"
" Flaggorna -x och -v slås av.\n"
" \n"
-" Användning av + istället för - får dessa flaggor att slås av. "
-"Flaggorna\n"
+" Användning av + istället för - får dessa flaggor att slås av. Flaggorna\n"
" kan även användas vid uppstart av skalet. Den aktuella uppsättningen\n"
" flaggor finns i $-. De återstående n ARGumenten är positionsparametrar\n"
" och tilldelas, i ordning, till $1, $2, .. $n. Om inga ARGument ges\n"
" -n\ttreat each NAME as a name reference and unset the variable itself\n"
" \trather than the variable it references\n"
" \n"
-" Without options, unset first tries to unset a variable, and if that "
-"fails,\n"
+" Without options, unset first tries to unset a variable, and if that fails,\n"
" tries to unset a function.\n"
" \n"
" Some variables cannot be unset; also see `readonly'.\n"
"Set export attribute for shell variables.\n"
" \n"
" Marks each NAME for automatic export to the environment of subsequently\n"
-" executed commands. If VALUE is supplied, assign VALUE before "
-"exporting.\n"
+" executed commands. If VALUE is supplied, assign VALUE before exporting.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -f\trefer to shell functions\n"
" Returnerar framgång om inte en ogiltig flagga ges eller NAMN är ogiltigt."
#: builtins.c:1167
-#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Mark shell variables as unchangeable.\n"
" \n"
" -a\trefer to indexed array variables\n"
" -A\trefer to associative array variables\n"
" -f\trefer to shell functions\n"
-" -p\tdisplay a list of all readonly variables or functions, depending "
-"on\n"
+" -p\tdisplay a list of all readonly variables or functions, depending on\n"
" whether or not the -f option is given\n"
" \n"
" An argument of `--' disables further option processing.\n"
" -a\treferera till indexerade vektorvariabler\n"
" -A\trefererar till assoicativa vektorvariabler\n"
" -f\treferara till skalfunktioner\n"
-" -p\tvisa en lista över alla oföränderliga variabler och funktioner\n"
+" -p\tvisa en lista över alla oföränderliga variabler eller funktioner,\n"
+" beroende på huruvida flaggan -f ges\n"
" \n"
" Ett argument \"--\" avslutar vidare flaggbearbetning.\n"
" \n"
msgstr ""
"Skifta positionsparametrar.\n"
" \n"
-" Byt namn på positionsparametrarna $N+1,$N+2 ... till $1,$2 ... Om N "
-"inte\n"
+" Byt namn på positionsparametrarna $N+1,$N+2 ... till $1,$2 ... Om N inte\n"
" anges antas det vara 1.\n"
" \n"
" Slutstatus:\n"
msgstr ""
"Exekvera kommandon från en fil i det aktuella skalet.\n"
" \n"
-" Läs och exekvera kommandon från FILNAMN i det aktuella skalet. "
-"Posterna\n"
+" Läs och exekvera kommandon från FILNAMN i det aktuella skalet. Posterna\n"
" i $PATH används för att hitta katalogen som innehåller FILNAMN. Om\n"
" något ARGUMENT ges blir de positionsparametrar när FILNAMN körs.\n"
" \n"
" -f\tframtvinga suspendering, även om skalet är ett inloggningsskal\n"
" \n"
" Slutstatus:\n"
-" Returnerar framgång om inte jobbstyrning inte är aktiverat eller ett "
-"fel\n"
+" Returnerar framgång om inte jobbstyrning inte är aktiverat eller ett fel\n"
" inträffar."
#: builtins.c:1248
" -x FILE True if the file is executable by you.\n"
" -O FILE True if the file is effectively owned by you.\n"
" -G FILE True if the file is effectively owned by your group.\n"
-" -N FILE True if the file has been modified since it was last "
-"read.\n"
+" -N FILE True if the file has been modified since it was last read.\n"
" \n"
" FILE1 -nt FILE2 True if file1 is newer than file2 (according to\n"
" modification date).\n"
" STRING1 != STRING2\n"
" True if the strings are not equal.\n"
" STRING1 < STRING2\n"
-" True if STRING1 sorts before STRING2 "
-"lexicographically.\n"
+" True if STRING1 sorts before STRING2 lexicographically.\n"
" STRING1 > STRING2\n"
" True if STRING1 sorts after STRING2 lexicographically.\n"
" \n"
" \n"
" -o OPTION True if the shell option OPTION is enabled.\n"
" -v VAR\t True if the shell variable VAR is set\n"
-" -R VAR\t True if the shell variable VAR is set and is a name "
-"reference.\n"
+" -R VAR\t True if the shell variable VAR is set and is a name reference.\n"
" ! EXPR True if expr is false.\n"
" EXPR1 -a EXPR2 True if both expr1 AND expr2 are true.\n"
" EXPR1 -o EXPR2 True if either expr1 OR expr2 is true.\n"
" \n"
" -o FLAGGA Sant om skalflaggan FLAGGA är aktiv.\n"
" -v VAR Sant om skalvariabeln VAR är satt.\n"
-" -R VAR Sant om skalvariabeln VAR är satt och är en "
-"namnreferens.\n"
+" -R VAR Sant om skalvariabeln VAR är satt och är en namnreferens.\n"
" ! UTTR Sant om uttr är falskt.\n"
" UTTR1 -a UTTR2 Sant om både uttr1 OCH uttr2 är sanna.\n"
" UTTR1 -o UTTR2 Sant om antingen uttr1 ELLER uttr2 är sanna.\n"
msgstr ""
"Beräkna villkorligt uttryck.\n"
" \n"
-" Detta är en synonym till det inbyggda \"test\", men det sista "
-"argumentet\n"
+" Detta är en synonym till det inbyggda \"test\", men det sista argumentet\n"
" måste vara en bokstavlig \"]\", för att matcha den inledande \"[\"."
#: builtins.c:1338
msgid ""
"Display process times.\n"
" \n"
-" Prints the accumulated user and system times for the shell and all of "
-"its\n"
+" Prints the accumulated user and system times for the shell and all of its\n"
" child processes.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
msgstr ""
"Visa processtider.\n"
" \n"
-" Skriver ut den sammanlagda användar- och systemtiden för skalet och "
-"alla\n"
+" Skriver ut den sammanlagda användar- och systemtiden för skalet och alla\n"
" dess barnprocesser.\n"
" \n"
" Slutstatus:\n"
msgid ""
"Trap signals and other events.\n"
" \n"
-" Defines and activates handlers to be run when the shell receives "
-"signals\n"
+" Defines and activates handlers to be run when the shell receives signals\n"
" or other conditions.\n"
" \n"
" ARG is a command to be read and executed when the shell receives the\n"
" value. If ARG is the null string each SIGNAL_SPEC is ignored by the\n"
" shell and by the commands it invokes.\n"
" \n"
-" If a SIGNAL_SPEC is EXIT (0) ARG is executed on exit from the shell. "
-"If\n"
-" a SIGNAL_SPEC is DEBUG, ARG is executed before every simple command. "
-"If\n"
-" a SIGNAL_SPEC is RETURN, ARG is executed each time a shell function or "
-"a\n"
-" script run by the . or source builtins finishes executing. A "
-"SIGNAL_SPEC\n"
-" of ERR means to execute ARG each time a command's failure would cause "
-"the\n"
+" If a SIGNAL_SPEC is EXIT (0) ARG is executed on exit from the shell. If\n"
+" a SIGNAL_SPEC is DEBUG, ARG is executed before every simple command. If\n"
+" a SIGNAL_SPEC is RETURN, ARG is executed each time a shell function or a\n"
+" script run by the . or source builtins finishes executing. A SIGNAL_SPEC\n"
+" of ERR means to execute ARG each time a command's failure would cause the\n"
" shell to exit when the -e option is enabled.\n"
" \n"
-" If no arguments are supplied, trap prints the list of commands "
-"associated\n"
+" If no arguments are supplied, trap prints the list of commands associated\n"
" with each signal.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -l\tprint a list of signal names and their corresponding numbers\n"
" -p\tdisplay the trap commands associated with each SIGNAL_SPEC\n"
" \n"
-" Each SIGNAL_SPEC is either a signal name in <signal.h> or a signal "
-"number.\n"
+" Each SIGNAL_SPEC is either a signal name in <signal.h> or a signal number.\n"
" Signal names are case insensitive and the SIG prefix is optional. A\n"
" signal may be sent to the shell with \"kill -signal $$\".\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless a SIGSPEC is invalid or an invalid option is "
-"given."
+" Returns success unless a SIGSPEC is invalid or an invalid option is given."
msgstr ""
"Fånga signaler och andra händelser.\n"
" \n"
" SIGNALSPEC ERR betyder att köra ARG varje gång ett kommandos felstatus\n"
" skulle fått skalet att avsluta om flaggan -e ovre satt.\n"
" \n"
-" Om inga argument ges skriver trap listan av kommandon som hör till "
-"varje\n"
+" Om inga argument ges skriver trap listan av kommandon som hör till varje\n"
" signal.\n"
" \n"
" Flaggor:\n"
" frivilligt. En signal kan skickas till skalet med \"kill -signal $$\".\n"
" \n"
" Slutstatus:\n"
-" Returnerar framgång om inte en SIGSPEC är ogiltig eller en ogiltig "
-"flagga\n"
+" Returnerar framgång om inte en SIGSPEC är ogiltig eller en ogiltig flagga\n"
" ges."
#: builtins.c:1386
" NAME\tCommand name to be interpreted.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success if all of the NAMEs are found; fails if any are not "
-"found."
+" Returns success if all of the NAMEs are found; fails if any are not found."
msgstr ""
"Visa information om kommandotyper.\n"
" \n"
" -p\treturnerar antingen namnet på diskfilen som skulle exekverats,\n"
" \teller ingenting om \"type -t NAMN\" inte skulle returnerat \"file\".\n"
" -t\tskriv ut ett ensamt ord som är ett av \"alias\", \"keyword\",\n"
-" \t\"function\", \"builtin\", \"file\" eller \"\", om NAMN är ett alias, "
-"ett\n"
-" \treserverat ord i skalet, en skalfunktion, inbyggt i skalet, en "
-"diskfil\n"
+" \t\"function\", \"builtin\", \"file\" eller \"\", om NAMN är ett alias, ett\n"
+" \treserverat ord i skalet, en skalfunktion, inbyggt i skalet, en diskfil\n"
" \trespektive inte finns\n"
" \n"
" Argument:\n"
msgid ""
"Modify shell resource limits.\n"
" \n"
-" Provides control over the resources available to the shell and "
-"processes\n"
+" Provides control over the resources available to the shell and processes\n"
" it creates, on systems that allow such control.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
msgstr ""
"Modifiera skalresursgränser.\n"
" \n"
-" Ger kontroll över resurserna som är tillgängliga till skalet och "
-"processer\n"
+" Ger kontroll över resurserna som är tillgängliga till skalet och processer\n"
" det skapar, på system som möjliggör sådan styrning.\n"
" \n"
" Flaggor:\n"
" \n"
" Om GRÄNS anges är det ett nytt värde för den specificerade resursen; de\n"
" speciella GRÄNS-värdena ”soft”, ”hard” och ”unlimited” står för den\n"
-" aktuella mjuka gränsen, den aktuella hårda grånsen respektive inge "
-"gräns.\n"
+" aktuella mjuka gränsen, den aktuella hårda grånsen respektive inge gräns.\n"
" Annars skrivs det aktuella värdet på den specificerade resursen. Om\n"
" ingen flagga ges antas -f.\n"
" \n"
-" Värden är i 1024-bytesteg, utom för -t som är i sekunder, -p som är i "
-"steg\n"
+" Värden är i 1024-bytesteg, utom för -t som är i sekunder, -p som är i steg\n"
" på 512 byte och -u som är ett antal processer utan någon skalning.\n"
" \n"
" Slutstatus:\n"
-" Returnerar framgång om inte en ogiltig flagga anges eller ett fel "
-"inträffar."
+" Returnerar framgång om inte en ogiltig flagga anges eller ett fel inträffar."
#: builtins.c:1465
msgid ""
" Sätter användarens filskapningsmask till RÄTTIGHETER. Om RÄTTIGHETER\n"
" utelämnas skrivs det aktuella värdet på masken.\n"
" \n"
-" Om RÄTTIGHETER börjar med en siffra tolkas det som ett oktalt tal, "
-"annars\n"
+" Om RÄTTIGHETER börjar med en siffra tolkas det som ett oktalt tal, annars\n"
" är det en symbolisk rättighetssträng som den som tas av chmod(1).\n"
" \n"
" Flaggor:\n"
" -S\tgör utmatningen symbolisk, annars används oktala tal\n"
" \n"
" Slutstatus:\n"
-" Returnerar framgång om inte RÄTTIGHETER är ogiltig eller en ogiltig "
-"flagga\n"
+" Returnerar framgång om inte RÄTTIGHETER är ogiltig eller en ogiltig flagga\n"
" ges."
#: builtins.c:1485
msgid ""
"Wait for job completion and return exit status.\n"
" \n"
-" Waits for each process identified by an ID, which may be a process ID or "
-"a\n"
+" Waits for each process identified by an ID, which may be a process ID or a\n"
" job specification, and reports its termination status. If ID is not\n"
" given, waits for all currently active child processes, and the return\n"
-" status is zero. If ID is a a job specification, waits for all "
-"processes\n"
+" status is zero. If ID is a a job specification, waits for all processes\n"
" in that job's pipeline.\n"
" \n"
" If the -n option is supplied, waits for the next job to terminate and\n"
" Väntar på varje process som identifieras av ett ID, som kan vara en\n"
" process-id eller en jobbspecifikation, och rapportera dess\n"
" avslutningsstatus. Om ID inte ges, vänta på alla nu körande\n"
-" barnprocesser, och returstatus är noll. Om ID är en "
-"jobbspecifikation, \n"
+" barnprocesser, och returstatus är noll. Om ID är en jobbspecifikation, \n"
" vänta på alla processer i det jobbets rör.\n"
" \n"
" Om flaggan -n ges väntar på nästa jobb att avsluta och retunera dess\n"
msgid ""
"Wait for process completion and return exit status.\n"
" \n"
-" Waits for each process specified by a PID and reports its termination "
-"status.\n"
+" Waits for each process specified by a PID and reports its termination status.\n"
" If PID is not given, waits for all currently active child processes,\n"
" and the return status is zero. PID must be a process ID.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns the status of the last PID; fails if PID is invalid or an "
-"invalid\n"
+" Returns the status of the last PID; fails if PID is invalid or an invalid\n"
" option is given."
msgstr ""
"Vänta på att en process blir färdig och returnerar slutstatus.\n"
"Exekvera kommandon för varje medlem i en lista.\n"
" \n"
" \"for\"-slingan exekverar en sekvens av kommandon för varje medlem i en\n"
-" lista av element. Om \"in ORD ...;\" inte är med antas 'in \"$@\"'. "
-"För\n"
+" lista av element. Om \"in ORD ...;\" inte är med antas 'in \"$@\"'. För\n"
" varje element i ORD sätts NAMN till det elementet, och KOMMANDON\n"
" exekveras.\n"
" \n"
msgid ""
"Execute commands based on conditional.\n"
" \n"
-" The `if COMMANDS' list is executed. If its exit status is zero, then "
-"the\n"
-" `then COMMANDS' list is executed. Otherwise, each `elif COMMANDS' list "
-"is\n"
+" The `if COMMANDS' list is executed. If its exit status is zero, then the\n"
+" `then COMMANDS' list is executed. Otherwise, each `elif COMMANDS' list is\n"
" executed in turn, and if its exit status is zero, the corresponding\n"
-" `then COMMANDS' list is executed and the if command completes. "
-"Otherwise,\n"
-" the `else COMMANDS' list is executed, if present. The exit status of "
-"the\n"
-" entire construct is the exit status of the last command executed, or "
-"zero\n"
+" `then COMMANDS' list is executed and the if command completes. Otherwise,\n"
+" the `else COMMANDS' list is executed, if present. The exit status of the\n"
+" entire construct is the exit status of the last command executed, or zero\n"
" if no condition tested true.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
msgstr ""
"Exekvera kommndon baserat på ett villkor.\n"
" \n"
-" Listan \"if KOMMANDON\" exekveras. Om des slutstatus är noll så "
-"exekveras\n"
-" listan \"then COMMANDS\". Annars exekveras varje lista \"elif KOMMANDON"
-"\"\n"
+" Listan \"if KOMMANDON\" exekveras. Om des slutstatus är noll så exekveras\n"
+" listan \"then COMMANDS\". Annars exekveras varje lista \"elif KOMMANDON\"\n"
" i tur och ordning, och om dess slutstatus är noll exekveras motsvarande\n"
-" lista \"then COMMANDS\" och if-kommandot avslutar. Annars exekveras "
-"listan\n"
+" lista \"then COMMANDS\" och if-kommandot avslutar. Annars exekveras listan\n"
" \"else COMMANDS\" om den finns. Slutstatus av hela konstruktionen är\n"
" slutstatusen på det sist exekverade kommandot, eller noll om inget\n"
" villkor returnerade sant.\n"
"Define shell function.\n"
" \n"
" Create a shell function named NAME. When invoked as a simple command,\n"
-" NAME runs COMMANDs in the calling shell's context. When NAME is "
-"invoked,\n"
+" NAME runs COMMANDs in the calling shell's context. When NAME is invoked,\n"
" the arguments are passed to the function as $1...$n, and the function's\n"
" name is in $FUNCNAME.\n"
" \n"
msgid ""
"Execute conditional command.\n"
" \n"
-" Returns a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the "
-"conditional\n"
-" expression EXPRESSION. Expressions are composed of the same primaries "
-"used\n"
-" by the `test' builtin, and may be combined using the following "
-"operators:\n"
+" Returns a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the conditional\n"
+" expression EXPRESSION. Expressions are composed of the same primaries used\n"
+" by the `test' builtin, and may be combined using the following operators:\n"
" \n"
" ( EXPRESSION )\tReturns the value of EXPRESSION\n"
" ! EXPRESSION\t\tTrue if EXPRESSION is false; else false\n"
"Kör ett villkorligt kommando.\n"
" \n"
" Returnerar en status av 0 eller 1 beroende på evalueringen av det\n"
-" villkorliga uttrycket UTTRYCK. Uttryck är sammansatta av samma "
-"primitiver\n"
+" villkorliga uttrycket UTTRYCK. Uttryck är sammansatta av samma primitiver\n"
" som används av det inbyggda \"test\", och kan kombineras med följande\n"
" operatorer:\n"
" \n"
" UTTR1 || UTTR2\tSant om antingen UTTR1 eller UTTR2 är sant, annars\n"
" falskt\n"
" \n"
-" När operatorerna \"==\" och \"!=\" används används strängen till höger "
-"om\n"
-" som ett mönster och mönstermatchning utförs. När operatorn \"=~\" "
-"används\n"
+" När operatorerna \"==\" och \"!=\" används används strängen till höger om\n"
+" som ett mönster och mönstermatchning utförs. När operatorn \"=~\" används\n"
" matchas strängen till höger om operatorn som ett reguljärt uttryck.\n"
" \n"
" Operatorerna && och || beräknar inte UTTR2 om UTTR1 är tillräckligt för\n"
" \twith its position in the stack\n"
" \n"
" Arguments:\n"
-" +N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown "
-"by\n"
+" +N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown by\n"
" \tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.\n"
" \n"
-" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown "
-"by\n"
+" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown by\n"
" \tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" \tav dirs när det anropas utan fläggor, med början från noll.\n"
" \n"
" Slutstatus:\n"
-" Returnerar framgång om inte en ogiltig flagga ges eller ett fel "
-"inträffar."
+" Returnerar framgång om inte en ogiltig flagga ges eller ett fel inträffar."
#: builtins.c:1887
msgid ""
"Set and unset shell options.\n"
" \n"
" Change the setting of each shell option OPTNAME. Without any option\n"
-" arguments, list all shell options with an indication of whether or not "
-"each\n"
+" arguments, list all shell options with an indication of whether or not each\n"
" is set.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -v var\tassign the output to shell variable VAR rather than\n"
" \t\tdisplay it on the standard output\n"
" \n"
-" FORMAT is a character string which contains three types of objects: "
-"plain\n"
-" characters, which are simply copied to standard output; character "
-"escape\n"
+" FORMAT is a character string which contains three types of objects: plain\n"
+" characters, which are simply copied to standard output; character escape\n"
" sequences, which are converted and copied to the standard output; and\n"
-" format specifications, each of which causes printing of the next "
-"successive\n"
+" format specifications, each of which causes printing of the next successive\n"
" argument.\n"
" \n"
-" In addition to the standard format specifications described in "
-"printf(1),\n"
+" In addition to the standard format specifications described in printf(1),\n"
" printf interprets:\n"
" \n"
" %b\texpand backslash escape sequences in the corresponding argument\n"
" %q\tquote the argument in a way that can be reused as shell input\n"
-" %(fmt)T output the date-time string resulting from using FMT as a "
-"format\n"
+" %(fmt)T output the date-time string resulting from using FMT as a format\n"
" string for strftime(3)\n"
" \n"
" The format is re-used as necessary to consume all of the arguments. If\n"
" there are fewer arguments than the format requires, extra format\n"
-" specifications behave as if a zero value or null string, as "
-"appropriate,\n"
+" specifications behave as if a zero value or null string, as appropriate,\n"
" had been supplied.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or a write or "
-"assignment\n"
+" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or a write or assignment\n"
" error occurs."
msgstr ""
"Formatera och skriv ARGUMENT styrda av FORMAT.\n"
" \n"
" FORMAT är en teckensträng som innehåller tre sortes objekt: vanliga\n"
" tecken, som helt enkelt kopieras till standard ut, teckenstyrsekvenser\n"
-" som konverteras och kopieras till standard ut och "
-"formatspecifikationer,\n"
+" som konverteras och kopieras till standard ut och formatspecifikationer,\n"
" där var och en medför utskrift av det nästföljande argumentet.\n"
" argument.\n"
" \n"
msgid ""
"Specify how arguments are to be completed by Readline.\n"
" \n"
-" For each NAME, specify how arguments are to be completed. If no "
-"options\n"
-" are supplied, existing completion specifications are printed in a way "
-"that\n"
+" For each NAME, specify how arguments are to be completed. If no options\n"
+" are supplied, existing completion specifications are printed in a way that\n"
" allows them to be reused as input.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -E.\n"
" \n"
" Slutstatus:\n"
-" Returnerar framgång om inte en ogiltig flagga ges eller ett fel "
-"inträffar."
+" Returnerar framgång om inte en ogiltig flagga ges eller ett fel inträffar."
#: builtins.c:1970
msgid ""
"Display possible completions depending on the options.\n"
" \n"
" Intended to be used from within a shell function generating possible\n"
-" completions. If the optional WORD argument is supplied, matches "
-"against\n"
+" completions. If the optional WORD argument is supplied, matches against\n"
" WORD are generated.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" matchningar av ORD.\n"
" \n"
" Slutstatus:\n"
-" Returnerar framgång om inte en ogiltig flagga ges eller ett fel "
-"inträffar."
+" Returnerar framgång om inte en ogiltig flagga ges eller ett fel inträffar."
#: builtins.c:1985
msgid ""
"Modify or display completion options.\n"
" \n"
-" Modify the completion options for each NAME, or, if no NAMEs are "
-"supplied,\n"
-" the completion currently being executed. If no OPTIONs are given, "
-"print\n"
-" the completion options for each NAME or the current completion "
-"specification.\n"
+" Modify the completion options for each NAME, or, if no NAMEs are supplied,\n"
+" the completion currently being executed. If no OPTIONs are given, print\n"
+" the completion options for each NAME or the current completion specification.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" \t-o option\tSet completion option OPTION for each NAME\n"
msgstr ""
"Modifiera eller visa kompletteringsflaggor.\n"
" \n"
-" Modifiera kompletteringsflaggorna för varje NAMN, eller, om inga NAMN "
-"är\n"
+" Modifiera kompletteringsflaggorna för varje NAMN, eller, om inga NAMN är\n"
" givna, den komplettering som för närvarande körs. Om ingen FLAGGA är\n"
" given skrivs kompletteringsflaggorna för varje NAMN eller den aktuella\n"
" kompletteringsspecifikationen.\n"
" \t-D\t Ändra flaggorna för standardkommandokompletteringen\n"
" \t-E\t\tÄndra flaggorna för komplettering av ett tomt kommando\n"
" \n"
-" Genom att använda \"+o\" istället för \"-o\" slås den angivna flaggan "
-"av.\n"
+" Genom att använda \"+o\" istället för \"-o\" slås den angivna flaggan av.\n"
" \n"
" Argument:\n"
" \n"
" Varje NAMN refererar till ett kommando för vilket en kompletterings-\n"
-" specifikation måste ha definierats tidigare med det inbyggda \"complete"
-"\".\n"
+" specifikation måste ha definierats tidigare med det inbyggda \"complete\".\n"
" Om inget NAMN ges måste compopt anropas av en funktion som just nu\n"
" genererar kompletteringar, och flaggorna för den just nu exekverande\n"
" kompletteringsgeneratorn modifieras.\n"
msgid ""
"Read lines from the standard input into an indexed array variable.\n"
" \n"
-" Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable "
-"ARRAY, or\n"
-" from file descriptor FD if the -u option is supplied. The variable "
-"MAPFILE\n"
+" Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable ARRAY, or\n"
+" from file descriptor FD if the -u option is supplied. The variable MAPFILE\n"
" is the default ARRAY.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
-" -n count\tCopy at most COUNT lines. If COUNT is 0, all lines are "
-"copied.\n"
-" -O origin\tBegin assigning to ARRAY at index ORIGIN. The default "
-"index is 0.\n"
+" -n count\tCopy at most COUNT lines. If COUNT is 0, all lines are copied.\n"
+" -O origin\tBegin assigning to ARRAY at index ORIGIN. The default index is 0.\n"
" -s count \tDiscard the first COUNT lines read.\n"
" -t\t\tRemove a trailing newline from each line read.\n"
-" -u fd\t\tRead lines from file descriptor FD instead of the standard "
-"input.\n"
+" -u fd\t\tRead lines from file descriptor FD instead of the standard input.\n"
" -C callback\tEvaluate CALLBACK each time QUANTUM lines are read.\n"
-" -c quantum\tSpecify the number of lines read between each call to "
-"CALLBACK.\n"
+" -c quantum\tSpecify the number of lines read between each call to CALLBACK.\n"
" \n"
" Arguments:\n"
" ARRAY\t\tArray variable name to use for file data.\n"
" element to be assigned and the line to be assigned to that element\n"
" as additional arguments.\n"
" \n"
-" If not supplied with an explicit origin, mapfile will clear ARRAY "
-"before\n"
+" If not supplied with an explicit origin, mapfile will clear ARRAY before\n"
" assigning to it.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or ARRAY is readonly "
-"or\n"
+" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or ARRAY is readonly or\n"
" not an indexed array."
msgstr ""
"Läs rader från standard in till en indexerad vektorvariabel.\n"
" standard för VEKTOR.\n"
" \n"
" Flaggor:\n"
-" -n antal\tKopiera högs ANTAL rader. Om ANTAL är 0 kopieras alla "
-"rader.\n"
-" -O start\tBörja tilldela till VEKTOR vid index START. Standardindex "
-"är 0.\n"
+" -n antal\tKopiera högs ANTAL rader. Om ANTAL är 0 kopieras alla rader.\n"
+" -O start\tBörja tilldela till VEKTOR vid index START. Standardindex är 0.\n"
" -s antal \tSläng de första ANTAL inlästa raderna.\n"
" -t\t\tTa bort en avslutande nyrad från varje inläst rad.\n"
" -u fb\t\tLäs rader från filbeskrivare FB istället för standard in.\n"
" VEKTOR\t\tNamn på vektorvariabel att använda för fildata.\n"
" \n"
" Om -C ges utan -c är standardkvanta 5000. När ÅTERANROP evalueras får\n"
-" den indexet på nästa vektorelement att tilldelas och raden att "
-"tilldelas\n"
+" den indexet på nästa vektorelement att tilldelas och raden att tilldelas\n"
" till det elementet som extra argument.\n"
" \n"
-" Om det inte ges någon specificerad start kommer mapfile nollställa "
-"VEKTOR\n"
+" Om det inte ges någon specificerad start kommer mapfile nollställa VEKTOR\n"
" före tilldelning till den.\n"
" \n"
" Slutstatus:\n"
#
# Myhailo Danylenko <isbear@ukrpost.net>, 2009.
# Maxim V. Dziumanenko <dziumanenko@gmail.com>, 2010.
-# Yuri Chornoivan <yurchor@ukr.net>, 2011, 2013.
+# Yuri Chornoivan <yurchor@ukr.net>, 2011, 2013, 2014.
msgid ""
msgstr ""
-"Project-Id-Version: bash 4.3-pre2\n"
+"Project-Id-Version: bash 4.3-rc2\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-01-23 16:04-0500\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2013-08-14 13:16+0300\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-01-30 20:45+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Yuri Chornoivan <yurchor@ukr.net>\n"
"Language-Team: Ukrainian <translation-team-uk@lists.sourceforge.net>\n"
"Language: uk\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
-"Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n"
-"%10<=4 && (n%100<10 || n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2;\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n%10<=4 && (n%100<10 || n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2;\n"
"X-Generator: Lokalize 1.5\n"
#: arrayfunc.c:51
#: bashline.c:3971
msgid "bash_execute_unix_command: cannot find keymap for command"
-msgstr ""
-"bash_execute_unix_command: не вдалося знайти відповідне призначення для "
-"команди"
+msgstr "bash_execute_unix_command: не вдалося знайти відповідне призначення для команди"
#: bashline.c:4058
#, c-format
#: braces.c:321
#, c-format
msgid "brace expansion: cannot allocate memory for %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "розкриття дужок: не вдалося отримати пам’ять для %s"
#: braces.c:413
#, c-format
msgid "brace expansion: failed to allocate memory for %d elements"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "розкриття дужок: не вдалося отримати об’єм пам’яті для %d елементів"
#: braces.c:452
#, c-format
msgid "brace expansion: failed to allocate memory for `%s'"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "розкриття дужок: не вдалося отримати об’єм пам’яті для «%s»"
#: builtins/alias.def:132
#, c-format
#: builtins/help.def:182
#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"no help topics match `%s'. Try `help help' or `man -k %s' or `info %s'."
-msgstr ""
-"«%s» не відповідає жодний розділ довідки. Спробуйте `help help' чи `man -k "
-"%s' або `info %s'."
+msgid "no help topics match `%s'. Try `help help' or `man -k %s' or `info %s'."
+msgstr "«%s» не відповідає жодний розділ довідки. Спробуйте `help help' чи `man -k %s' або `info %s'."
#: builtins/help.def:199
#, c-format
"A star (*) next to a name means that the command is disabled.\n"
"\n"
msgstr ""
-"Ці команди оболонки визначені внутрішньо. Введіть `help', щоб побачити їх "
-"список.\n"
+"Ці команди оболонки визначені внутрішньо. Введіть `help', щоб побачити їх список.\n"
"Введіть `help name', щоб дізнатися більше про функцію `name'.\n"
-"Використовуйте `info bash', щоб отримати більше інформації про оболонку в "
-"цілому.\n"
-"`man -k' чи `info' можуть стати в пригоді для отримання довідки з команд, "
-"яких немає\n"
+"Використовуйте `info bash', щоб отримати більше інформації про оболонку в цілому.\n"
+"`man -k' чи `info' можуть стати в пригоді для отримання довідки з команд, яких немає\n"
"у цьому списку.\n"
"\n"
"Зірочка (*) поряд з назвою команди означає, що команда заборонена.\n"
#: builtins/printf.def:768
#, c-format
msgid "format parsing problem: %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "проблема з обробкою форматування: %s"
#: builtins/printf.def:865
msgid "missing hex digit for \\x"
" \twith its position in the stack\n"
" \n"
" Arguments:\n"
-" +N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown "
-"by\n"
+" +N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown by\n"
" \tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.\n"
" \n"
-" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown "
-"by\n"
+" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown by\n"
"\tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero."
msgstr ""
"Показує список збережених каталогів. Каталоги\n"
" \tкаталогів зі стеку, проводити операції лише над стеком.\n"
" \n"
" Аргументи:\n"
-" +N\tВилучає N-ний зліва каталог у списку, що показується командою "
-"`dirs'\n"
-" \t(відлік починається з нуля). Наприклад: `popd +0' вилучає перший "
-"каталог,\n"
+" +N\tВилучає N-ний зліва каталог у списку, що показується командою `dirs'\n"
+" \t(відлік починається з нуля). Наприклад: `popd +0' вилучає перший каталог,\n"
" \t`popd +1' — другий.\n"
" \n"
" -N\tВилучає N-ний з кінця каталог у списку, що показується командою\n"
#: builtins/return.def:75
msgid "can only `return' from a function or sourced script"
-msgstr ""
-"`return' працює лише у функції чи скрипті, запущеному за допомогою `source'"
+msgstr "`return' працює лише у функції чи скрипті, запущеному за допомогою `source'"
#: builtins/set.def:782
msgid "cannot simultaneously unset a function and a variable"
#: input.c:269
#, c-format
msgid "cannot allocate new file descriptor for bash input from fd %d"
-msgstr ""
-"не вдалося отримати новий файловий дескриптор для вводу bash з файлового "
-"дескриптору %d"
+msgstr "не вдалося отримати новий файловий дескриптор для вводу bash з файлового дескриптору %d"
#: input.c:277
#, c-format
#: jobs.c:893
#, c-format
msgid "forked pid %d appears in running job %d"
-msgstr ""
-"ідентифікатор відгалуженого процесу %d знайдено у поточному завданні %d"
+msgstr "ідентифікатор відгалуженого процесу %d знайдено у поточному завданні %d"
#: jobs.c:1012
#, c-format
#: jobs.c:1120
#, c-format
msgid "add_process: pid %5ld (%s) marked as still alive"
-msgstr ""
-"add_process: ідентифікатор процесу %5ld (%s) вказує на його працездатність"
+msgstr "add_process: ідентифікатор процесу %5ld (%s) вказує на його працездатність"
#: jobs.c:1435
#, c-format
#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:900
msgid "free: underflow detected; mh_nbytes out of range"
-msgstr ""
-"free: виявлено перехід за нижню границю блоку; mh_nbytes не вкладається у "
-"рамки"
+msgstr "free: виявлено перехід за нижню границю блоку; mh_nbytes не вкладається у рамки"
#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:906
msgid "free: start and end chunk sizes differ"
#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:1020
msgid "realloc: underflow detected; mh_nbytes out of range"
-msgstr ""
-"realloc: виявлено перехід за нижню границю блоку; mh_nbytes не вкладається у "
-"рамки"
+msgstr "realloc: виявлено перехід за нижню границю блоку; mh_nbytes не вкладається у рамки"
#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:1026
msgid "realloc: start and end chunk sizes differ"
#: print_cmd.c:382
#, c-format
msgid "xtrace fd (%d) != fileno xtrace fp (%d)"
-msgstr ""
-"дескриптор файла xtrace (%d) не дорівнює номеру файла у вказівнику xtrace "
-"(%d)"
+msgstr "дескриптор файла xtrace (%d) не дорівнює номеру файла у вказівнику xtrace (%d)"
#: print_cmd.c:1518
#, c-format
#: shell.c:1856
#, c-format
msgid "Type `%s -c \"help set\"' for more information about shell options.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Введіть `%s -c \"help set\"', щоб отримати більше інформації про параметри "
-"оболонки.\n"
+msgstr "Введіть `%s -c \"help set\"', щоб отримати більше інформації про параметри оболонки.\n"
#: shell.c:1857
#, c-format
msgid "Type `%s -c help' for more information about shell builtin commands.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Введіть `%s -c help', щоб отримати більше інформації про вбудовані команди "
-"оболонки.\n"
+msgstr "Введіть `%s -c help', щоб отримати більше інформації про вбудовані команди оболонки.\n"
#: shell.c:1858
#, c-format
msgid "Use the `bashbug' command to report bugs.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Щоб повідомити про помилку в програмі, використовуйте команду `bashbug'.\n"
+msgstr "Щоб повідомити про помилку в програмі, використовуйте команду `bashbug'.\n"
#: sig.c:691
#, c-format
#: subst.c:5433
msgid "command_substitute: cannot duplicate pipe as fd 1"
-msgstr ""
-"command_substitute: не вдалося створити копію каналу із файловим "
-"дескриптором 1"
+msgstr "command_substitute: не вдалося створити копію каналу із файловим дескриптором 1"
#: subst.c:5837 subst.c:8050
#, c-format
msgstr "$%s: не можна призначити таким чином"
#: subst.c:7917
-msgid ""
-"future versions of the shell will force evaluation as an arithmetic "
-"substitution"
-msgstr ""
-"у наступних версіях оболонки буде виконуватися обчислення для заміни "
-"арифметичних виразів"
+msgid "future versions of the shell will force evaluation as an arithmetic substitution"
+msgstr "у наступних версіях оболонки буде виконуватися обчислення для заміни арифметичних виразів"
#: subst.c:8421
#, c-format
#: trap.c:375
#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"run_pending_traps: signal handler is SIG_DFL, resending %d (%s) to myself"
-msgstr ""
-"run_pending_traps: обробник сигналу є SIG_DFL, %d (%s) повторно надсилається "
-"собі"
+msgid "run_pending_traps: signal handler is SIG_DFL, resending %d (%s) to myself"
+msgstr "run_pending_traps: обробник сигналу є SIG_DFL, %d (%s) повторно надсилається собі"
#: trap.c:428
#, c-format
msgstr "рівень оболонки (%d) занадто високий, перевстановлено у 1"
#: variables.c:1865
-#, fuzzy, c-format
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: circular name reference"
-msgstr "%s: некоректна назва змінної для посилання за назвою"
+msgstr "%s: циклічне посилання за назвою"
#: variables.c:2228
msgid "make_local_variable: no function context at current scope"
#: variables.c:4344
msgid "pop_var_context: head of shell_variables not a function context"
-msgstr ""
-"pop_var_context: перший елемент shell_variables не є контекстом функції"
+msgstr "pop_var_context: перший елемент shell_variables не є контекстом функції"
#: variables.c:4357
msgid "pop_var_context: no global_variables context"
#: variables.c:4431
msgid "pop_scope: head of shell_variables not a temporary environment scope"
-msgstr ""
-"pop_scope: перший елемент shell_variables не є тимчасовим оточенням виконання"
+msgstr "pop_scope: перший елемент shell_variables не є тимчасовим оточенням виконання"
#: variables.c:5257
#, c-format
msgstr "%s: %s: значення сумісності не належить припустимому діапазону значень"
#: version.c:46
-#, fuzzy
msgid "Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr "© Free Software Foundation, Inc., 2012"
+msgstr "© Free Software Foundation, Inc., 2013"
#: version.c:47 version2.c:47
-msgid ""
-"License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl."
-"html>\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Ліцензія GPLv3+: GNU GPL версія 3 чи новіша <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl."
-"html>\n"
+msgid "License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>\n"
+msgstr "Ліцензія GPLv3+: GNU GPL версія 3 чи новіша <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>\n"
#: version.c:86 version2.c:86
#, c-format
#: version.c:91 version2.c:91
msgid "This is free software; you are free to change and redistribute it."
-msgstr ""
-"Це вільне програмне забезпечення; ви можете його змінювати та "
-"розповсюджувати."
+msgstr "Це вільне програмне забезпечення; ви можете його змінювати та розповсюджувати."
#: version.c:92 version2.c:92
msgid "There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law."
msgstr "unalias [-a] назва [назва ...]"
#: builtins.c:51
-msgid ""
-"bind [-lpsvPSVX] [-m keymap] [-f filename] [-q name] [-u name] [-r keyseq] [-"
-"x keyseq:shell-command] [keyseq:readline-function or readline-command]"
-msgstr ""
-"bind [-lpsvPSVX] [-m keymap] [-f файл] [-q назва] [-u назва] [-r "
-"послідовність-клавіш] [-x послідовність-клавіш:команда-оболонки] "
-"[послідовність-клавіш:функція-readline чи команда-readline]"
+msgid "bind [-lpsvPSVX] [-m keymap] [-f filename] [-q name] [-u name] [-r keyseq] [-x keyseq:shell-command] [keyseq:readline-function or readline-command]"
+msgstr "bind [-lpsvPSVX] [-m keymap] [-f файл] [-q назва] [-u назва] [-r послідовність-клавіш] [-x послідовність-клавіш:команда-оболонки] [послідовність-клавіш:функція-readline чи команда-readline]"
#: builtins.c:54
msgid "break [n]"
msgstr "caller [вираз]"
#: builtins.c:64
-#, fuzzy
msgid "cd [-L|[-P [-e]] [-@]] [dir]"
-msgstr "cd [-L|[-P [-e]]] [каталог]"
+msgstr "cd [-L|[-P [-e]] [-@]] [каталог]"
#: builtins.c:66
msgid "pwd [-LP]"
#: builtins.c:103
msgid "fc [-e ename] [-lnr] [first] [last] or fc -s [pat=rep] [command]"
-msgstr ""
-"fc [-e редактор] [-lnr] [перший] [останній] чи fc -s [шаблон=заміна] "
-"[команда]"
+msgstr "fc [-e редактор] [-lnr] [перший] [останній] чи fc -s [шаблон=заміна] [команда]"
#: builtins.c:107
msgid "fg [job_spec]"
msgstr "help [-dms] [шаблон ...]"
#: builtins.c:121
-msgid ""
-"history [-c] [-d offset] [n] or history -anrw [filename] or history -ps arg "
-"[arg...]"
-msgstr ""
-"history [-c] [-d позиція] [n] чи history -anrw [файл] чи history -ps "
-"аргумент [аргумент ...]"
+msgid "history [-c] [-d offset] [n] or history -anrw [filename] or history -ps arg [arg...]"
+msgstr "history [-c] [-d позиція] [n] чи history -anrw [файл] чи history -ps аргумент [аргумент ...]"
#: builtins.c:125
msgid "jobs [-lnprs] [jobspec ...] or jobs -x command [args]"
msgstr "disown [-h] [-ar] [завдання ...]"
#: builtins.c:132
-msgid ""
-"kill [-s sigspec | -n signum | -sigspec] pid | jobspec ... or kill -l "
-"[sigspec]"
-msgstr ""
-"kill [-s сигнал | -n номер-сигналу | -сигнал] pid | завдання ... чи kill -l "
-"[сигнал]"
+msgid "kill [-s sigspec | -n signum | -sigspec] pid | jobspec ... or kill -l [sigspec]"
+msgstr "kill [-s сигнал | -n номер-сигналу | -сигнал] pid | завдання ... чи kill -l [сигнал]"
#: builtins.c:134
msgid "let arg [arg ...]"
msgstr "let аргумент [аргумент ...]"
#: builtins.c:136
-msgid ""
-"read [-ers] [-a array] [-d delim] [-i text] [-n nchars] [-N nchars] [-p "
-"prompt] [-t timeout] [-u fd] [name ...]"
-msgstr ""
-"read [-ers] [-a масив] [-d роздільник] [-i текст] [-n кількість-символів] [-"
-"N кількість-символів][-p запрошення] [-t ліміт-часу] [-u дескриптор-файла] "
-"[назва ...]"
+msgid "read [-ers] [-a array] [-d delim] [-i text] [-n nchars] [-N nchars] [-p prompt] [-t timeout] [-u fd] [name ...]"
+msgstr "read [-ers] [-a масив] [-d роздільник] [-i текст] [-n кількість-символів] [-N кількість-символів][-p запрошення] [-t ліміт-часу] [-u дескриптор-файла] [назва ...]"
#: builtins.c:138
msgid "return [n]"
msgstr "case СЛОВО in [ШАБЛОН [| ШАБЛОН]...) КОМАНДИ ;;]... esac"
#: builtins.c:192
-msgid ""
-"if COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; [ elif COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; ]... [ else "
-"COMMANDS; ] fi"
-msgstr ""
-"if КОМАНДИ; then КОМАНДИ; [ elif КОМАНДИ; then КОМАНДИ; ]... [ else "
-"КОМАНДИ; ] fi"
+msgid "if COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; [ elif COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; ]... [ else COMMANDS; ] fi"
+msgstr "if КОМАНДИ; then КОМАНДИ; [ elif КОМАНДИ; then КОМАНДИ; ]... [ else КОМАНДИ; ] fi"
#: builtins.c:194
msgid "while COMMANDS; do COMMANDS; done"
msgstr "printf [-v змінна] шаблон-форматування [аргументи]"
#: builtins.c:229
-msgid ""
-"complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DE] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-"
-"W wordlist] [-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S "
-"suffix] [name ...]"
-msgstr ""
-"complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-o параметр] [-A дія] [-G шаблон-оболонки] [-"
-"W список-слів] [-F функція] [-C команда] [-X шаблон-фільтрування] [-P "
-"префікс] [-S суфікс] [назва ...]"
+msgid "complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DE] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] [-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [name ...]"
+msgstr "complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-o параметр] [-A дія] [-G шаблон-оболонки] [-W список-слів] [-F функція] [-C команда] [-X шаблон-фільтрування] [-P префікс] [-S суфікс] [назва ...]"
#: builtins.c:233
-msgid ""
-"compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] "
-"[-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [word]"
-msgstr ""
-"compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o параметр] [-A дія] [-G шаблон-оболонки] [-W "
-"список-слів] [-F функція] [-C команда] [-X шаблон-фільтрування] [-P "
-"префікс] [-S суфікс] [слово]"
+msgid "compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] [-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [word]"
+msgstr "compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o параметр] [-A дія] [-G шаблон-оболонки] [-W список-слів] [-F функція] [-C команда] [-X шаблон-фільтрування] [-P префікс] [-S суфікс] [слово]"
#: builtins.c:237
msgid "compopt [-o|+o option] [-DE] [name ...]"
msgstr "compopt [-o|+o параметр] [назва ...]"
#: builtins.c:240
-msgid ""
-"mapfile [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c "
-"quantum] [array]"
-msgstr ""
-"mapfile [-n кількість] [-O початок-відліку] [-s кількість] [-t] [-u "
-"дескриптор] [-C обробник] [-c крок] [масив]"
+msgid "mapfile [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c quantum] [array]"
+msgstr "mapfile [-n кількість] [-O початок-відліку] [-s кількість] [-t] [-u дескриптор] [-C обробник] [-c крок] [масив]"
#: builtins.c:242
-msgid ""
-"readarray [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c "
-"quantum] [array]"
-msgstr ""
-"readarray [-n кількість] [-O початок-відліку] [-s кількість] [-t] [-u "
-"дескриптор] [-C обробник] [-c крок] [масив]"
+msgid "readarray [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c quantum] [array]"
+msgstr "readarray [-n кількість] [-O початок-відліку] [-s кількість] [-t] [-u дескриптор] [-C обробник] [-c крок] [масив]"
#: builtins.c:254
msgid ""
" -p\tPrint all defined aliases in a reusable format\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" alias returns true unless a NAME is supplied for which no alias has "
-"been\n"
+" alias returns true unless a NAME is supplied for which no alias has been\n"
" defined."
msgstr ""
"Додає чи показує псевдоніми для команд.\n"
" придатній до подальшого виконання формі `alias НАЗВА=ЗНАЧЕННЯ'.\n"
" \n"
" Інакше вона додає псевдоніми для кожноі вказаної НАЗВИ, для якої надане\n"
-" ЗНАЧЕННЯ. Пробіли в кінці ЗНАЧЕННЯ дозволяють увімкнути подальше "
-"розкриття\n"
+" ЗНАЧЕННЯ. Пробіли в кінці ЗНАЧЕННЯ дозволяють увімкнути подальше розкриття\n"
" псевдонімів усередині цього псевдоніму під час його підставляння.\n"
" \n"
" Параметри:\n"
-" -p\tНадрукувати усі визначені псевдоніми у придатній до виконання "
-"формі.\n"
+" -p\tНадрукувати усі визначені псевдоніми у придатній до виконання формі.\n"
" \n"
" Код завершення:\n"
" Команда завершується невдало, якщо було вказано НАЗВУ, для якої немає\n"
" Options:\n"
" -m keymap Use KEYMAP as the keymap for the duration of this\n"
" command. Acceptable keymap names are emacs,\n"
-" emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-"
-"move,\n"
+" emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-move,\n"
" vi-command, and vi-insert.\n"
" -l List names of functions.\n"
" -P List function names and bindings.\n"
" -p List functions and bindings in a form that can be\n"
" reused as input.\n"
-" -S List key sequences that invoke macros and their "
-"values\n"
-" -s List key sequences that invoke macros and their "
-"values\n"
+" -S List key sequences that invoke macros and their values\n"
+" -s List key sequences that invoke macros and their values\n"
" in a form that can be reused as input.\n"
" -V List variable names and values\n"
" -v List variable names and values in a form that can\n"
" be reused as input.\n"
" -q function-name Query about which keys invoke the named function.\n"
-" -u function-name Unbind all keys which are bound to the named "
-"function.\n"
+" -u function-name Unbind all keys which are bound to the named function.\n"
" -r keyseq Remove the binding for KEYSEQ.\n"
" -f filename Read key bindings from FILENAME.\n"
" -x keyseq:shell-command\tCause SHELL-COMMAND to be executed when\n"
" \n"
" Параметри:\n"
" -m набір Використовувати НАБІР призначень клавіш на час\n"
-" виконання цієї команди. Назви існучих наборів: "
-"emacs,\n"
-" emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-"
-"move,\n"
+" виконання цієї команди. Назви існучих наборів: emacs,\n"
+" emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-move,\n"
" vi-command та vi-insert.\n"
" -l Вивести назви функцій.\n"
-" -P Вивести назви функцій та які послідовності клавіш "
-"їм\n"
+" -P Вивести назви функцій та які послідовності клавіш їм\n"
" призначено.\n"
-" -p Вивести функції та призначення у формі, придатній "
-"для\n"
+" -p Вивести функції та призначення у формі, придатній для\n"
" подальшого використання як ввід.\n"
" -S Вивести послідовності клавіш, які запускають\n"
" макровизначення.\n"
" бути надалі використана як ввід.\n"
" -q функція Показати, які послідовності клавіш запускають цю\n"
" функцію.\n"
-" -u функція Скасувати усі призначені цій функції "
-"послідовності.\n"
+" -u функція Скасувати усі призначені цій функції послідовності.\n"
" -r послідовність Скасувати призначення ПОСЛІДОВНОСТІ.\n"
" -f файл Прочитати призначення клавіш з ФАЙЛУ.\n"
" -x послідовність:команда-оболонки\tПри вводі ПОСЛІДОВНОСТІ буде\n"
" \t\t\t\tзапускатися КОМАНДА-ОБОЛОНКИ.\n"
-" -X\t\t Показати список послідовностей клавіш, пов’язани з -x та "
-"відповідні\n"
-" команди у форматі, яким можна скористатися як "
-"вхідними даними\n"
+" -X\t\t Показати список послідовностей клавіш, пов’язани з -x та відповідні\n"
+" команди у форматі, яким можна скористатися як вхідними даними\n"
" для іншої програми.\n"
" \n"
" Код завершення:\n"
" \n"
" Execute SHELL-BUILTIN with arguments ARGs without performing command\n"
" lookup. This is useful when you wish to reimplement a shell builtin\n"
-" as a shell function, but need to execute the builtin within the "
-"function.\n"
+" as a shell function, but need to execute the builtin within the function.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns the exit status of SHELL-BUILTIN, or false if SHELL-BUILTIN is\n"
" або якщо ВИРАЗ є неправильним."
#: builtins.c:385
-#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Change the shell working directory.\n"
" \n"
-" Change the current directory to DIR. The default DIR is the value of "
-"the\n"
+" Change the current directory to DIR. The default DIR is the value of the\n"
" HOME shell variable.\n"
" \n"
-" The variable CDPATH defines the search path for the directory "
-"containing\n"
-" DIR. Alternative directory names in CDPATH are separated by a colon "
-"(:).\n"
-" A null directory name is the same as the current directory. If DIR "
-"begins\n"
+" The variable CDPATH defines the search path for the directory containing\n"
+" DIR. Alternative directory names in CDPATH are separated by a colon (:).\n"
+" A null directory name is the same as the current directory. If DIR begins\n"
" with a slash (/), then CDPATH is not used.\n"
" \n"
-" If the directory is not found, and the shell option `cdable_vars' is "
-"set,\n"
-" the word is assumed to be a variable name. If that variable has a "
-"value,\n"
+" If the directory is not found, and the shell option `cdable_vars' is set,\n"
+" the word is assumed to be a variable name. If that variable has a value,\n"
" its value is used for DIR.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" \tof `..'\n"
" -e\tif the -P option is supplied, and the current working directory\n"
" \tcannot be determined successfully, exit with a non-zero status\n"
-" -@ on systems that support it, present a file with extended "
-"attributes\n"
+" -@ on systems that support it, present a file with extended attributes\n"
" as a directory containing the file attributes\n"
" \n"
" The default is to follow symbolic links, as if `-L' were specified.\n"
-" `..' is processed by removing the immediately previous pathname "
-"component\n"
+" `..' is processed by removing the immediately previous pathname component\n"
" back to a slash or the beginning of DIR.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns 0 if the directory is changed, and if $PWD is set successfully "
-"when\n"
+" Returns 0 if the directory is changed, and if $PWD is set successfully when\n"
" -P is used; non-zero otherwise."
msgstr ""
"Змінює робочий каталог оболонки.\n"
" -P\tВикористовувати фізичну структуру каталогів, не переходити за\n"
" \tсимволічними посиланнями: визначати джерело символічних посилань як\n"
" \tКАТАЛОГ до обробки записів `..'.\n"
-" -e\tякщо вказано параметр -P і програмі не вдасться визначити "
-"поточний\n"
+" -e\tякщо вказано параметр -P і програмі не вдасться визначити поточний\n"
" \tробочий каталог, вийти з ненульовим значенням стану.\n"
+" -@ у системах, де передбачено таку підтримку, показати файл з розширеними\n"
+" атрибутами як каталог, що містить атрибути файла\n"
" \n"
" Зазвичай команда переходитиме за символічними посиланнями, неначе було\n"
" вказано параметр `-L'.\n"
" похилої риски або за початковим компонентом каталогу КАТАЛОГ.\n"
" \n"
" Код завершення:\n"
-" Повертає 0, якщо каталог було змінено і якщо було успішно встановлено "
-"значення\n"
-" $PWD у разі використання -P. За інших результатів повертає ненульове "
-"значення."
+" Повертає 0, якщо каталог було змінено і якщо було успішно встановлено значення\n"
+" $PWD у разі використання -P. За інших результатів повертає ненульове значення."
#: builtins.c:422
msgid ""
"Execute a simple command or display information about commands.\n"
" \n"
" Runs COMMAND with ARGS suppressing shell function lookup, or display\n"
-" information about the specified COMMANDs. Can be used to invoke "
-"commands\n"
+" information about the specified COMMANDs. Can be used to invoke commands\n"
" on disk when a function with the same name exists.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
msgstr ""
"Запускає звичайну команду чи показує інформацію про команди.\n"
" \n"
-" Запускає КОМАНДУ з АРГУМЕНТАМИ, не роблячи пошуку серед функцій "
-"оболонки,\n"
+" Запускає КОМАНДУ з АРГУМЕНТАМИ, не роблячи пошуку серед функцій оболонки,\n"
" чи показує інформацію про вказані КОМАНДИ. Може використовуватися для\n"
" запуску команд з диску, коли існує функція з такою ж назвою.\n"
" \n"
" Параметри:\n"
" -p\tВикористовувати стандартне значення PATH, яке забезпечує\n"
" \tзнаходження усіх стандартних утиліт.\n"
-" -v\tВивести опис КОМАНД, подібний до виводу вбудованої команди "
-"`type'.\n"
+" -v\tВивести опис КОМАНД, подібний до виводу вбудованої команди `type'.\n"
" -V\tВивести більш багатослівний опис кожної з КОМАНД.\n"
" \n"
" Код завершення:\n"
-" Команда повертає код завершення КОМАНДИ або помилку, якщо КОМАНДУ не "
-"буде\n"
+" Команда повертає код завершення КОМАНДИ або помилку, якщо КОМАНДУ не буде\n"
" знайдено."
#: builtins.c:487
" Variables with the integer attribute have arithmetic evaluation (see\n"
" the `let' command) performed when the variable is assigned a value.\n"
" \n"
-" When used in a function, `declare' makes NAMEs local, as with the "
-"`local'\n"
+" When used in a function, `declare' makes NAMEs local, as with the `local'\n"
" command. The `-g' option suppresses this behavior.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" змінними, як команда `local'. Параметр `-g' вимикає таку поведінку.\n"
" \n"
" Код завершення:\n"
-" Команда завершується успішно, якщо вказані правильні параметри і не "
-"виникло\n"
+" Команда завершується успішно, якщо вказані правильні параметри і не виникло\n"
" помилки під час виконання."
#: builtins.c:527
msgstr ""
"Описує локальні змінні.\n"
" \n"
-" Створює локальну змінну НАЗВА та призначає їй ЗНАЧЕННЯ. ПАРАМЕТР може "
-"бути\n"
+" Створює локальну змінну НАЗВА та призначає їй ЗНАЧЕННЯ. ПАРАМЕТР може бути\n"
" будь-яким параметром, що приймається командою `declare'.\n"
" \n"
-" Локальні змінні можуть використовуватися лише усередині функції; їх "
-"видно\n"
+" Локальні змінні можуть використовуватися лише усередині функції; їх видно\n"
" лише у функції, де їх визначено та її нащадках.\n"
" \n"
" Код завершення:\n"
-" Команда завершується невдало, якщо вказано помилкові параметри, "
-"стається\n"
-" помилка під час надання змінній значення або якщо оболонка не виконує "
-"функцію."
+" Команда завершується невдало, якщо вказано помилкові параметри, стається\n"
+" помилка під час надання змінній значення або якщо оболонка не виконує функцію."
#: builtins.c:552
msgid ""
"Write arguments to the standard output.\n"
" \n"
-" Display the ARGs, separated by a single space character and followed by "
-"a\n"
+" Display the ARGs, separated by a single space character and followed by a\n"
" newline, on the standard output.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
msgstr ""
"Друкує аргументи до стандартного виводу.\n"
" \n"
-" Виводить АРГУМЕНТИ, відокремлені один від одного одинарним символом "
-"пробілу, із\n"
+" Виводить АРГУМЕНТИ, відокремлені один від одного одинарним символом пробілу, із\n"
" завершальним символом розриву рядка до стандартного виводу.\n"
" \n"
" Параметри:\n"
msgstr ""
"Вмикає та вимикає вбудовані команди оболонки.\n"
" \n"
-" Вмикає та вимикає вбудовані команди оболонки. Вимкнення команди "
-"дозволяє\n"
-" вам запускати команду з диску, що має таку ж назву, як і вбудована "
-"команда\n"
+" Вмикає та вимикає вбудовані команди оболонки. Вимкнення команди дозволяє\n"
+" вам запускати команду з диску, що має таку ж назву, як і вбудована команда\n"
" оболонки, без потреби вказувати повний шлях до команди.\n"
" \n"
" Параметри:\n"
" -s\tДрукувати лише назви `спеціальних' команд Posix.\n"
" \n"
" Параметри, що контролюють динамічне завантаження:\n"
-" -f\tЗавантажити вбудовану команду НАЗВА з колективного об’єктного "
-"ФАЙЛУ.\n"
+" -f\tЗавантажити вбудовану команду НАЗВА з колективного об’єктного ФАЙЛУ.\n"
" -d\tВилучити вбудовану команду, завантажену за допомогою -f.\n"
" \n"
" Без параметрів вмикає кожну з НАЗВ.\n"
msgid ""
"Execute arguments as a shell command.\n"
" \n"
-" Combine ARGs into a single string, use the result as input to the "
-"shell,\n"
+" Combine ARGs into a single string, use the result as input to the shell,\n"
" and execute the resulting commands.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
msgstr ""
"Виконує аргументи як команду оболонки.\n"
" \n"
-" Об’єднує АРГУМЕНТИ в один рядок та виконує результат як команди, "
-"введені\n"
+" Об’єднує АРГУМЕНТИ в один рядок та виконує результат як команди, введені\n"
" до оболонки.\n"
" \n"
" Код завершення:\n"
-" Команда повертає результат виконання команди. Якщо отриманий рядок "
-"команди\n"
+" Команда повертає результат виконання команди. Якщо отриманий рядок команди\n"
" є порожнім рядком, команда завершується успішно."
#: builtins.c:643
" Getopts використовується підпрограмами оболонки для аналізу позиційних\n"
" аргументів як параметрів командного рядку.\n"
" \n"
-" РЯДОК-ПАРАМЕТРІВ містить літери параметрів, які можуть бути вказані; "
-"якщо\n"
+" РЯДОК-ПАРАМЕТРІВ містить літери параметрів, які можуть бути вказані; якщо\n"
" за літерою іде двокрапка, цей параметр очікує аргументу, відокремленого\n"
" від нього пробілом.\n"
" \n"
-" Після кожного запуску getopts кладе наступний параметр до змінної "
-"оболонки\n"
+" Після кожного запуску getopts кладе наступний параметр до змінної оболонки\n"
" $name, створюючи її, якщо треба. Номер наступного неопрацьованого\n"
-" аргументу кладеться до змінної оболонки OPTIND. OPTIND встановлюється у "
-"1\n"
+" аргументу кладеться до змінної оболонки OPTIND. OPTIND встановлюється у 1\n"
" кожного разу, як запускається оболонка чи скрипт. Якщо параметр очікує\n"
" аргументу, getopts кладе аргумент до змінної оболонки OPTARG.\n"
" \n"
-" Getopts може повідомляти про помилки двома способами. Якщо першим "
-"символом\n"
-" РЯДКУ-ПАРАМЕТРІВ є двокрапка, getopts використовує `тихе' повідомлення "
-"про\n"
-" помилки. В такому режимі повідомлення про помилки не виводяться. Якщо "
-"буде\n"
+" Getopts може повідомляти про помилки двома способами. Якщо першим символом\n"
+" РЯДКУ-ПАРАМЕТРІВ є двокрапка, getopts використовує `тихе' повідомлення про\n"
+" помилки. В такому режимі повідомлення про помилки не виводяться. Якщо буде\n"
" знайдено неправильний параметр, getopts покладе його до OPTARG. Якщо не\n"
-" буде вказано очікуваний аргумент, getopts покладе ':' до НАЗВА, а "
-"символ\n"
-" параметра — до OPTARG. У `гучному' режимі, при з помилками у параметрі у "
-"NAME\n"
-" кладеться '?', а OPTARG скидається. Якщо потрібний аргумент не вказано, "
-"у\n"
+" буде вказано очікуваний аргумент, getopts покладе ':' до НАЗВА, а символ\n"
+" параметра — до OPTARG. У `гучному' режимі, при з помилками у параметрі у NAME\n"
+" кладеться '?', а OPTARG скидається. Якщо потрібний аргумент не вказано, у\n"
" NAME кладеться '?', OPTARG скидається і друкується діагностичне\n"
" повідомлення.\n"
" \n"
" повідомлення про помилки навіть у `гучному режимі'. Стандартне значення\n"
" OPTERR — 1.\n"
" \n"
-" Зазвичай getopts аналізує позиційні параметри ($0 - $9), але якщо "
-"надано\n"
+" Зазвичай getopts аналізує позиційні параметри ($0 - $9), але якщо надано\n"
" більше аргументів, замість цього аналізуються вони.\n"
" \n"
" Код завершення:\n"
"Replace the shell with the given command.\n"
" \n"
" Execute COMMAND, replacing this shell with the specified program.\n"
-" ARGUMENTS become the arguments to COMMAND. If COMMAND is not "
-"specified,\n"
+" ARGUMENTS become the arguments to COMMAND. If COMMAND is not specified,\n"
" any redirections take effect in the current shell.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -c\t\texecute COMMAND with an empty environment\n"
" -l\t\tplace a dash in the zeroth argument to COMMAND\n"
" \n"
-" If the command cannot be executed, a non-interactive shell exits, "
-"unless\n"
+" If the command cannot be executed, a non-interactive shell exits, unless\n"
" the shell option `execfail' is set.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless COMMAND is not found or a redirection error "
-"occurs."
+" Returns success unless COMMAND is not found or a redirection error occurs."
msgstr ""
"Заміщує оболонку вказаною командою.\n"
" \n"
" -c\t\tЗапустити КОМАНДУ з порожнім оточенням.\n"
" -l\t\tПокласти риску до нульового аргументу КОМАНДИ.\n"
" \n"
-" Якщо команду не вдасться запустити, неінтерактивна оболонка "
-"завершується,\n"
+" Якщо команду не вдасться запустити, неінтерактивна оболонка завершується,\n"
" якщо тільки не встановлено параметр оболонки `execfail'.\n"
" \n"
" Код завершення:\n"
msgid ""
"Exit a login shell.\n"
" \n"
-" Exits a login shell with exit status N. Returns an error if not "
-"executed\n"
+" Exits a login shell with exit status N. Returns an error if not executed\n"
" in a login shell."
msgstr ""
"Виходить з оболонки сеансу.\n"
" \n"
-" Виходить з оболонки сеансу зі статусом N. Повертає помилку, якщо "
-"команду\n"
+" Виходить з оболонки сеансу зі статусом N. Повертає помилку, якщо команду\n"
" запущено не у оболонці сеансу."
#: builtins.c:725
msgid ""
"Display or execute commands from the history list.\n"
" \n"
-" fc is used to list or edit and re-execute commands from the history "
-"list.\n"
+" fc is used to list or edit and re-execute commands from the history list.\n"
" FIRST and LAST can be numbers specifying the range, or FIRST can be a\n"
" string, which means the most recent command beginning with that\n"
" string.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
-" -e ENAME\tselect which editor to use. Default is FCEDIT, then "
-"EDITOR,\n"
+" -e ENAME\tselect which editor to use. Default is FCEDIT, then EDITOR,\n"
" \t\tthen vi\n"
" -l \tlist lines instead of editing\n"
" -n\tomit line numbers when listing\n"
" the last command.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success or status of executed command; non-zero if an error "
-"occurs."
+" Returns success or status of executed command; non-zero if an error occurs."
msgstr ""
"Показує чи запускає команди зі списку попередньо запущених.\n"
" \n"
" У форматі `fc -s [шаблон=заміна ...] [команда]', КОМАНДА запускається\n"
" після заміни ШАБЛОН=ЗАМІНА.\n"
" \n"
-" При використанні цієї команди може бути зручним псевдонім r='fc -s' — "
-"тоді\n"
+" При використанні цієї команди може бути зручним псевдонім r='fc -s' — тоді\n"
" `r cc' запустить останню команду, що починається з `cc', а `r' повторно\n"
" виконає останню команду.\n"
" \n"
msgstr ""
"Переводить завдання у пріоритетний режим.\n"
" \n"
-" Переводить ЗАВДАННЯ у пріоритетний режим виконання і робить його "
-"поточним\n"
+" Переводить ЗАВДАННЯ у пріоритетний режим виконання і робить його поточним\n"
" завданням. Якщо ЗАВДАННЯ не вказане, береться завдання, яке оболонка\n"
" вважає поточним.\n"
" \n"
msgid ""
"Move jobs to the background.\n"
" \n"
-" Place the jobs identified by each JOB_SPEC in the background, as if "
-"they\n"
-" had been started with `&'. If JOB_SPEC is not present, the shell's "
-"notion\n"
+" Place the jobs identified by each JOB_SPEC in the background, as if they\n"
+" had been started with `&'. If JOB_SPEC is not present, the shell's notion\n"
" of the current job is used.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
msgstr ""
"Переводить завдання у фоновий режим.\n"
" \n"
-" Переводить кожне з ЗАВДАНЬ у фоновий режим виконання, як ніби їх "
-"запущено\n"
+" Переводить кожне з ЗАВДАНЬ у фоновий режим виконання, як ніби їх запущено\n"
" із `&'. Якщо ЗАВДАННЯ не вказані, береться завдання, що оболонка вважає\n"
" поточним.\n"
" \n"
" Код завершення:\n"
-" Команда завершується невдало, якщо контроль завдань не ввімкнено або "
-"якщо\n"
+" Команда завершується невдало, якщо контроль завдань не ввімкнено або якщо\n"
" трапиться помилка."
#: builtins.c:784
-#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Remember or display program locations.\n"
" \n"
" Determine and remember the full pathname of each command NAME. If\n"
-" no arguments are given, information about remembered commands is "
-"displayed.\n"
+" no arguments are given, information about remembered commands is displayed.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -d\t\tforget the remembered location of each NAME\n"
"Запам’ятовує чи показує розміщення програм.\n"
" \n"
" Визначає та запам’ятовує повний шлях до кожної з вказаних програм. Якщо\n"
-" НАЗВИ не вказані, показує інформацію про збережені шляхи.\n"
+" НАЗВИ не вказані, показує інформацію про збережені команди.\n"
" \n"
" Параметри:\n"
" -d\t\tВилучити з кешу розміщення НАЗВ.\n"
" -l\t\tПоказувати у форматі, що можна потім виконати.\n"
" -p шлях\tвикористовувати ШЛЯХ як повний шлях до НАЗВИ.\n"
-" -r\t\tСпустошити кеш.\n"
-" -t\t\tВивести збережені розташування НАЗВ, вказуючи перед "
-"розташуванням\n"
-" \t\tвідповідне НАЗВУ, якщо вказано декілька НАЗВ.\n"
+" -r\t\tСпорожнити кеш.\n"
+" -t\t\tВивести збережені розташування НАЗВ, вказуючи перед розташуванням\n"
+" \t\tвідповідну НАЗВУ, якщо вказано декілька НАЗВ.\n"
" Аргументи:\n"
-" НАЗВА\t\tКожна з НАЗВ шукається у $PATH та додається до списку "
-"збережених\n"
+" НАЗВА\t\tКожна з НАЗВ шукається у $PATH та додається до списку збережених\n"
" \t\tкоманд.\n"
" \n"
" Код завершення:\n"
" PATTERN\tPattern specifiying a help topic\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless PATTERN is not found or an invalid option is "
-"given."
+" Returns success unless PATTERN is not found or an invalid option is given."
msgstr ""
"Показує інформацію про вбудовані команди.\n"
" \n"
" Показує коротку довідку з вбудованих команд. Якщо вказано ШАБЛОН, надає\n"
-" детальну довідку з усіх команд, що відповідають цьому ШАБЛОНУ. Якщо "
-"його\n"
+" детальну довідку з усіх команд, що відповідають цьому ШАБЛОНУ. Якщо його\n"
" не вказано, друкує список пунктів довідки.\n"
" \n"
" Параметри:\n"
" -d\tВивести короткий опис кожного з пунктів.\n"
" -m\tПоказати довідку у форматі, подібному до man(1).\n"
-" -s\tВивести лише короткий опис синтаксису використання кожної з "
-"команд,\n"
+" -s\tВивести лише короткий опис синтаксису використання кожної з команд,\n"
" \tщо відповідають ШАБЛОНУ\n"
" \n"
" Аргументи:\n"
" \n"
" If the $HISTTIMEFORMAT variable is set and not null, its value is used\n"
" as a format string for strftime(3) to print the time stamp associated\n"
-" with each displayed history entry. No time stamps are printed "
-"otherwise.\n"
+" with each displayed history entry. No time stamps are printed otherwise.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or an error occurs."
msgstr ""
"Показує чи змінює список попередніх команд.\n"
" \n"
-" Показує список історії команд з номерами рядків, вказуючи `*' перед "
-"кожним\n"
-" зміненим рядком. Якщо вказано аргумент N, показує лише N останніх "
-"рядків.\n"
+" Показує список історії команд з номерами рядків, вказуючи `*' перед кожним\n"
+" зміненим рядком. Якщо вказано аргумент N, показує лише N останніх рядків.\n"
" \n"
" Параметри:\n"
" -c\tВилучити зі списку усі збережені команди.\n"
" \tпоказати результат (без збереження у списку історії команд).\n"
" -s\tДодати АРГУМЕНТИ до списку історії як один запис.\n"
" \n"
-" Якщо вказаний ФАЙЛ, його буде використано як файл історії команд. "
-"Інакше,\n"
-" якщо визначено $HISTFILE, береться її значення, якщо ні — ~/."
-"bash_history.\n"
+" Якщо вказаний ФАЙЛ, його буде використано як файл історії команд. Інакше,\n"
+" якщо визначено $HISTFILE, береться її значення, якщо ні — ~/.bash_history.\n"
" \n"
-" Якщо змінна $HISTTIMEFORMAT має значення, відмінне від порожнього "
-"рядку,\n"
+" Якщо змінна $HISTTIMEFORMAT має значення, відмінне від порожнього рядку,\n"
" її буде використано як шаблон strftime(3) для показу часових позначок.\n"
" Інакше часові позначки не виводяться.\n"
" \n"
" Код завершення:\n"
-" Команда завершується успішно, якщо вказано вірні параметри та не "
-"виникло\n"
+" Команда завершується успішно, якщо вказано вірні параметри та не виникло\n"
" помилки під час виконання."
#: builtins.c:869
" \n"
" Параметри:\n"
" -a\tВилучити усі завдання, якщо ЗАВДАННЯ не вказані.\n"
-" -h\tПозначити ЗАВДАННЯ так, щоб вони не отримали SIGHUP, якщо "
-"оболонка\n"
+" -h\tПозначити ЗАВДАННЯ так, щоб вони не отримали SIGHUP, якщо оболонка\n"
" \tотримає SIGHUP.\n"
" -r\tВилучати лише поточні завдання.\n"
" \n"
"Надіслати сигнал до завдання.\n"
" \n"
" Надіслати процесу, вказаному за ідентифікатором процесу чи завдання\n"
-" сигнал, вказаний за його номером чи назвою. Якщо не вказано ані "
-"першого,\n"
+" сигнал, вказаний за його номером чи назвою. Якщо не вказано ані першого,\n"
" ані другого, буде надіслано SIGTERM.\n"
" \n"
" Параметри:\n"
" Evaluate each ARG as an arithmetic expression. Evaluation is done in\n"
" fixed-width integers with no check for overflow, though division by 0\n"
" is trapped and flagged as an error. The following list of operators is\n"
-" grouped into levels of equal-precedence operators. The levels are "
-"listed\n"
+" grouped into levels of equal-precedence operators. The levels are listed\n"
" in order of decreasing precedence.\n"
" \n"
" \tid++, id--\tvariable post-increment, post-decrement\n"
" \t+=, -=, <<=, >>=,\n"
" \t&=, ^=, |=\tприсвоєння\n"
" \n"
-" Змінні оболонки можуть виступати операндами. Назву змінної буде "
-"замінено\n"
+" Змінні оболонки можуть виступати операндами. Назву змінної буде замінено\n"
" її значенням (приведеним до цілого числа фіксованої довжини) у виразі.\n"
" Для цього не потрібно встановлювати властивість змінної `ціле число'.\n"
" \n"
"Read a line from the standard input and split it into fields.\n"
" \n"
" Reads a single line from the standard input, or from file descriptor FD\n"
-" if the -u option is supplied. The line is split into fields as with "
-"word\n"
+" if the -u option is supplied. The line is split into fields as with word\n"
" splitting, and the first word is assigned to the first NAME, the second\n"
" word to the second NAME, and so on, with any leftover words assigned to\n"
-" the last NAME. Only the characters found in $IFS are recognized as "
-"word\n"
+" the last NAME. Only the characters found in $IFS are recognized as word\n"
" delimiters.\n"
" \n"
-" If no NAMEs are supplied, the line read is stored in the REPLY "
-"variable.\n"
+" If no NAMEs are supplied, the line read is stored in the REPLY variable.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -a array\tassign the words read to sequential indices of the array\n"
" -n nchars\treturn after reading NCHARS characters rather than waiting\n"
" \t\tfor a newline, but honor a delimiter if fewer than NCHARS\n"
" \t\tcharacters are read before the delimiter\n"
-" -N nchars\treturn only after reading exactly NCHARS characters, "
-"unless\n"
+" -N nchars\treturn only after reading exactly NCHARS characters, unless\n"
" \t\tEOF is encountered or read times out, ignoring any delimiter\n"
" -p prompt\toutput the string PROMPT without a trailing newline before\n"
" \t\tattempting to read\n"
" -r\t\tdo not allow backslashes to escape any characters\n"
" -s\t\tdo not echo input coming from a terminal\n"
-" -t timeout\ttime out and return failure if a complete line of input "
-"is\n"
+" -t timeout\ttime out and return failure if a complete line of input is\n"
" \t\tnot read within TIMEOUT seconds. The value of the TMOUT\n"
" \t\tvariable is the default timeout. TIMEOUT may be a\n"
" \t\tfractional number. If TIMEOUT is 0, read returns immediately,\n"
" -u fd\t\tread from file descriptor FD instead of the standard input\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, read times "
-"out\n"
-" (in which case it's greater than 128), a variable assignment error "
-"occurs,\n"
+" The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, read times out\n"
+" (in which case it's greater than 128), a variable assignment error occurs,\n"
" or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as the argument to -u."
msgstr ""
"Читає рядок зі стандартного вводу та розбиває його на поля.\n"
" \n"
-" Зчитує один рядок зі стандартного вводу чи з ФАЙЛОВОГО-ДЕСКРИПТОРА, "
-"якщо\n"
+" Зчитує один рядок зі стандартного вводу чи з ФАЙЛОВОГО-ДЕСКРИПТОРА, якщо\n"
" вказано параметр -u. Рядок розбивається на поля по словах, перше слово\n"
" призначується першій НАЗВІ, друге слово — другій НАЗВІ тощо, якщо\n"
" залишаться непризначені слова, їх буде призначено останній НАЗВІ. Як\n"
" -N кількість\tПрипинити, лише після читання КІЛЬКОСТІ символів, якщо\n"
" \t\tсеред них не виявиться символі кінця файла або не буде перевищено\n"
" \t\tчас очікування, ігнорувати роздільники.\n"
-" -p запрошення\tВивести рядок ЗАПРОШЕННЯ (без переведення рядка в "
-"кінці)\n"
+" -p запрошення\tВивести рядок ЗАПРОШЕННЯ (без переведення рядка в кінці)\n"
" \t\tперед читанням.\n"
" -r\t\tНе обробляти зворотню похилу риску для екранування символів.\n"
" -s\t\tНе виводити отриманий ввід на термінал.\n"
" -t ліміт-часу\tПрипинити читання та вийти з помилкою якщо за вказаний\n"
" \t\tпроміжок часу (в секундах) не було прочитано рядок цілком. Значення\n"
-" \t\tзмінної TMOUT є стандартним значенням обмеження за часом. ЛІМІТ-"
-"ЧАСУ\n"
+" \t\tзмінної TMOUT є стандартним значенням обмеження за часом. ЛІМІТ-ЧАСУ\n"
" \t\tможе бути дробовим числом. Якщо ЛІМІТ-ЧАСУ 0, read завершується\n"
" \t\tуспішно, лише якщо ввід вже наявний на вказаному файловому\n"
" \t\tдескрипторі. Якщо перевищено термін очікування, код завершення буде\n"
" \t\tстандартного вводу.\n"
" \n"
" Код завершення:\n"
-" Команда повертає помилку, якщо знайдено кінець файла, якщо вичерпано "
-"час\n"
+" Команда повертає помилку, якщо знайдено кінець файла, якщо вичерпано час\n"
" очікування (значення, більше за 128), якщо сталася помилка під час\n"
-" встановлення значення змінної, або якщо із -u вказано неправильний "
-"файловий дескриптор."
+" встановлення значення змінної, або якщо із -u вказано неправильний файловий дескриптор."
#: builtins.c:1028
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Повертається з функції оболонки.\n"
" \n"
-" Виходить з функції чи сценарію, виконаного за допомогою source зі "
-"вказаним\n"
+" Виходить з функції чи сценарію, виконаного за допомогою source зі вказаним\n"
" кодом завершення N. Якщо N не вказане, return повертає статус останньої\n"
" виконаної всередині сценарію чи функції команди.\n"
" \n"
" physical same as -P\n"
" pipefail the return value of a pipeline is the status of\n"
" the last command to exit with a non-zero status,\n"
-" or zero if no command exited with a non-zero "
-"status\n"
+" or zero if no command exited with a non-zero status\n"
" posix change the behavior of bash where the default\n"
" operation differs from the Posix standard to\n"
" match the standard\n"
msgstr ""
"Встановлює та скидає параметри оболонки та позиційні параметри.\n"
" \n"
-" Змінює значення властивостей оболонки та позиційних параметрів чи "
-"показує\n"
+" Змінює значення властивостей оболонки та позиційних параметрів чи показує\n"
" назви та значення змінних оболонки.\n"
" \n"
" Параметри:\n"
" -e Завершити роботу, якщо одна з команд завершиться помилкою.\n"
" -f Вимкнути розкриття шаблонів назв файлів (globbing).\n"
" -h Запам’ятовувати розміщення команд по мірі використання.\n"
-" -k Переносити усі аргументи-присвоєння до оточення команди, не лише "
-"ті,\n"
+" -k Переносити усі аргументи-присвоєння до оточення команди, не лише ті,\n"
" що йдуть перед назвою команди.\n"
" -m Ввімкнути контроль завдань.\n"
" -n Читати команди, але не виконувати їх.\n"
" hashall те саме, що й -h\n"
" histexpand те саме, що й -H\n"
" history ввімкнути збереження історії команд\n"
-" ignoreeof не виходити з оболонки після зчитування кінця "
-"файла\n"
+" ignoreeof не виходити з оболонки після зчитування кінця файла\n"
" interactive-comments\n"
" дозволити коментарі у інтерактивній оболонці\n"
" keyword те саме, що й -k\n"
" nounset те саме, що й -u\n"
" onecmd те саме, що й -t\n"
" physical те саме, що й -P\n"
-" pipefail кодом завершення ланцюжка команд є код "
-"завершення\n"
+" pipefail кодом завершення ланцюжка команд є код завершення\n"
" останньої команди, що завершилася невдало, або\n"
" нуль, якщо усі команди завершилися успішно\n"
-" posix змінити поведінку bash у ситуаціях, де її "
-"поведінка\n"
-" зазвичай відхиляється від стандарту Posix так, "
-"щоб\n"
+" posix змінити поведінку bash у ситуаціях, де її поведінка\n"
+" зазвичай відхиляється від стандарту Posix так, щоб\n"
" вона відповідала стандарту\n"
" privileged те саме, що й -p\n"
" verbose те саме, що й -v\n"
" vi використовувати подібний до vi інтерфейс\n"
" редагування рядку\n"
" xtrace те саме, що й -x\n"
-" -p Ввімкнений, якщо дійсний та ефективний ідентифікатори користувача "
-"не\n"
+" -p Ввімкнений, якщо дійсний та ефективний ідентифікатори користувача не\n"
" збігаються. Вимикає обробку файла $ENV та імпортування функцій\n"
" оболонки. Вимикання цього параметра встановлює ефективні\n"
" ідентифікатори користувача та групи у реальні.\n"
" -u Обробляти неозначені змінні як помилку під час їх підставляння.\n"
" -v Друкувати рядки вводу по мірі їх читання.\n"
" -x Друкувати команди та їх аргументи при їх виконанні.\n"
-" -B Робити розкриття дужок.\n"
+" -B Ð\92иконÑ\83вати розкриття дужок.\n"
" -C Вмикання параметра забороняє перезапис існуючих звичайних файлів\n"
" переспрямуванням виводу.\n"
" -E Якщо ввімкнений, пастка ERR успадковується функціями оболонки.\n"
-" -H Ввімкнути підставляння історії за допомогою !. Цей параметр "
-"зазвичай\n"
+" -H Ввімкнути підставляння історії за допомогою !. Цей параметр зазвичай\n"
" ввімкнено у інтерактивних оболонках.\n"
" -P Не переходити за символічними посиланнями при запуску команд,\n"
" таких як cd, яка змінює поточний каталог.\n"
" -T Якщо ввімкнений, пастка DEBUG буде успадковуватися функціями\n"
" оболонки.\n"
-" -- Призначити всі аргументи, які ще не призначено до позиційних "
-"параметрів.\n"
-" Якщо всі аргументи вже призначено, позиційні параметри "
-"вважатимуться\n"
+" -- Призначити всі аргументи, які ще не призначено до позиційних параметрів.\n"
+" Якщо всі аргументи вже призначено, позиційні параметри вважатимуться\n"
" невстановленими.\n"
" - Призначити аргументи, що залишилися позиційним параметрам.\n"
" Параметри -x та -v вимикаються.\n"
" Вимкнути параметр можна вказавши + замість -. Параметри можна змінювати\n"
" й після запуску оболонки. Наразі ввімкнені параметри можна побачити у\n"
" змінній $-. Залишкові аргументи вважаються позиційними параметрами\n"
-" та призначаються по порядку відповідно до $1 $2, .. $n. Якщо АРГУМЕНТИ "
-"не\n"
+" та призначаються по порядку відповідно до $1 $2, .. $n. Якщо АРГУМЕНТИ не\n"
" вказані, виводиться список усіх змінних оболонки.\n"
" \n"
" Код завершення:\n"
" -n\ttreat each NAME as a name reference and unset the variable itself\n"
" \trather than the variable it references\n"
" \n"
-" Without options, unset first tries to unset a variable, and if that "
-"fails,\n"
+" Without options, unset first tries to unset a variable, and if that fails,\n"
" tries to unset a function.\n"
" \n"
" Some variables cannot be unset; also see `readonly'.\n"
" Параметри:\n"
" -f\tНАЗВИ є функціями оболонки.\n"
" -v\tНАЗВИ є змінними оболонки.\n"
-" -n\tНАЗВИ є посиланнями на назви, визначення самих змінних "
-"скасовується.\n"
+" -n\tНАЗВИ є посиланнями на назви, визначення самих змінних скасовується.\n"
" \n"
" Без параметрів, unset спочатку намагається скинути змінну, якщо це не\n"
" вдасться, тоді функцію.\n"
" Деякі змінні не можуть бути скинутими; див. `readonly'.\n"
" \n"
" Код завершення:\n"
-" Команда завершується невдало, якщо вказано неправильний параметр чи "
-"НАЗВА\n"
+" Команда завершується невдало, якщо вказано неправильний параметр чи НАЗВА\n"
" доступна лише для читання."
#: builtins.c:1148
"Set export attribute for shell variables.\n"
" \n"
" Marks each NAME for automatic export to the environment of subsequently\n"
-" executed commands. If VALUE is supplied, assign VALUE before "
-"exporting.\n"
+" executed commands. If VALUE is supplied, assign VALUE before exporting.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -f\trefer to shell functions\n"
msgstr ""
"Вмикає властивість експортування змінних оболонки.\n"
" \n"
-" Позначає кожну з НАЗВ для експорту до середовища запущених надалі "
-"команд.\n"
+" Позначає кожну з НАЗВ для експорту до середовища запущених надалі команд.\n"
" Якщо вказане ЗНАЧЕННЯ, призначає ЗНАЧЕННЯ перед тим, як експортувати.\n"
" \n"
" Параметри:\n"
" Команда завершується успішно, якщо вказано правильні параметри та НАЗВИ."
#: builtins.c:1167
-#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Mark shell variables as unchangeable.\n"
" \n"
" -a\trefer to indexed array variables\n"
" -A\trefer to associative array variables\n"
" -f\trefer to shell functions\n"
-" -p\tdisplay a list of all readonly variables or functions, depending "
-"on\n"
+" -p\tdisplay a list of all readonly variables or functions, depending on\n"
" whether or not the -f option is given\n"
" \n"
" An argument of `--' disables further option processing.\n"
"Робить змінні оболонки незмінними.\n"
" \n"
" Позначає кожну з НАЗВ як незмінну; після цього значення НАЗВИ не можуть\n"
-" бути змінені призначенням. Якщо вказане ЗНАЧЕННЯ, воно призначається, "
-"перш\n"
+" бути змінені призначенням. Якщо вказане ЗНАЧЕННЯ, воно призначається, перш\n"
" ніж змінну буде позначено незмінною.\n"
" \n"
" Параметри:\n"
" -a\tПрацювати з індексованими масивами.\n"
" -A\tПрацювати з асоціативними масивами.\n"
" -f\tПрацювати з функціями оболонки.\n"
-" -p\tВивести список всіх незмінних змінних та функцій.\n"
+" -p\tВивести список всіх незмінних змінних та функцій, залежно від\n"
+" того, чи вказано параметр -f.\n"
" \n"
" Аргумент `--' вимикає подальший аналіз параметрів.\n"
" \n"
" позиційними параметрами при запуску ФАЙЛУ.\n"
" \n"
" Код завершення:\n"
-" Команда повертає код завершення останньої команди, виконаної у ФАЙЛІ, "
-"або\n"
+" Команда повертає код завершення останньої команди, виконаної у ФАЙЛІ, або\n"
" помилку, якщо ФАЙЛ не вдалося прочитати."
#: builtins.c:1232
" -x FILE True if the file is executable by you.\n"
" -O FILE True if the file is effectively owned by you.\n"
" -G FILE True if the file is effectively owned by your group.\n"
-" -N FILE True if the file has been modified since it was last "
-"read.\n"
+" -N FILE True if the file has been modified since it was last read.\n"
" \n"
" FILE1 -nt FILE2 True if file1 is newer than file2 (according to\n"
" modification date).\n"
" STRING1 != STRING2\n"
" True if the strings are not equal.\n"
" STRING1 < STRING2\n"
-" True if STRING1 sorts before STRING2 "
-"lexicographically.\n"
+" True if STRING1 sorts before STRING2 lexicographically.\n"
" STRING1 > STRING2\n"
" True if STRING1 sorts after STRING2 lexicographically.\n"
" \n"
" \n"
" -o OPTION True if the shell option OPTION is enabled.\n"
" -v VAR\t True if the shell variable VAR is set\n"
-" -R VAR\t True if the shell variable VAR is set and is a name "
-"reference.\n"
+" -R VAR\t True if the shell variable VAR is set and is a name reference.\n"
" ! EXPR True if expr is false.\n"
" EXPR1 -a EXPR2 True if both expr1 AND expr2 are true.\n"
" EXPR1 -o EXPR2 True if either expr1 OR expr2 is true.\n"
" \n"
" Завершується з кодом 0 (істинний) чи 1 (хибний), залежно від\n"
" результату обчислення ВИРАЗУ. Вирази можуть бути унарними чи бінарними.\n"
-" Унарні вирази часто використовуються для визначення властивостей "
-"файлів.\n"
+" Унарні вирази часто використовуються для визначення властивостей файлів.\n"
" Також є оператори для рядків та для порівняння чисел.\n"
" \n"
" Файлові оператори:\n"
" -d файл Істинний, якщо файл є каталогом.\n"
" -e файл Істинний, якщо файл існує.\n"
" -f файл Істинний, якщо файл існує та є звичайним файлом.\n"
-" -g файл Істинний, якщо файл має встановлений біт `set-group-"
-"id'.\n"
+" -g файл Істинний, якщо файл має встановлений біт `set-group-id'.\n"
" -h файл Істинний, якщо файл є символічним посиланням.\n"
" -L файл Істинний, якщо файл є символічним посиланням.\n"
" -k файл Істинний, якщо файл має встановленим біт `sticky'.\n"
" -s файл Істинний, якщо файл існує і не є порожнім.\n"
" -S файл Істинний, якщо файл є сокетом.\n"
" -t дескриптор Істинний, якщо дескриптор відкритий у терміналі.\n"
-" -u файл Істинний, якщо файл має встановлений біт `set-user-"
-"id'.\n"
+" -u файл Істинний, якщо файл має встановлений біт `set-user-id'.\n"
" -w файл Істинний, якщо ви можете записувати до файла.\n"
" -x файл Істинний, якщо ви можете виконати файл.\n"
" -O файл Істинний, якщо ви є власником файла.\n"
" -N файл Істинний, якщо файл був змінений після останнього\n"
" читання\n"
" \n"
-" файл1 -nt файл2 Істинний, якщо файл1 новіший за файл2 (за датою "
-"зміни).\n"
+" файл1 -nt файл2 Істинний, якщо файл1 новіший за файл2 (за датою зміни).\n"
" \n"
" файл1 -ot файл2 Істинний, якщо файл1 старіший за файл2.\n"
" \n"
" \n"
" -o параметр Істинний, якщо параметр оболонки ввімкнено.\n"
" -v ЗМІННА\t Істинний, якщо встановлено змінну середовища ЗМІННА\n"
-" -R ЗМІННА\t Істинний, якщо встановлено змінну середовища ЗМІННА і ця "
-"змінна є посиланням на назву.\n"
+" -R ЗМІННА\t Істинний, якщо встановлено змінну середовища ЗМІННА і ця змінна є посиланням на назву.\n"
" ! вираз Істинний, якщо вираз хибний.\n"
" вираз1 -a вираз2 Істинний, якщо обидва вирази істинні.\n"
" вираз1 -o вираз2 Істинний, якщо хоч один з виразів істинний.\n"
" Арифметичне порівняння. ОПЕРАТОР може бути: -eq, -ne,\n"
" -lt, -le, -gt, чи -ge.\n"
" \n"
-" Арифметичні бінарні оператори істинні, якщо аргумент1 рівний, не "
-"рівний,\n"
+" Арифметичні бінарні оператори істинні, якщо аргумент1 рівний, не рівний,\n"
" менший, менший чи рівний, більший, чи більший чи рівний аргументу2.\n"
" \n"
" Код завершення:\n"
-" Команда завершується успішно, якщо ВИРАЗ істинний; невдало, якщо "
-"вказано\n"
+" Команда завершується успішно, якщо ВИРАЗ істинний; невдало, якщо вказано\n"
" помилковий аргумент чи ВИРАЗ хибний."
#: builtins.c:1329
msgstr ""
"Перевіряє умовний вираз.\n"
" \n"
-" Це синонім до вбудованої команди \"test\", але на відміну від неї "
-"останнім\n"
+" Це синонім до вбудованої команди \"test\", але на відміну від неї останнім\n"
" аргументом має бути `]'."
#: builtins.c:1338
msgid ""
"Display process times.\n"
" \n"
-" Prints the accumulated user and system times for the shell and all of "
-"its\n"
+" Prints the accumulated user and system times for the shell and all of its\n"
" child processes.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
msgid ""
"Trap signals and other events.\n"
" \n"
-" Defines and activates handlers to be run when the shell receives "
-"signals\n"
+" Defines and activates handlers to be run when the shell receives signals\n"
" or other conditions.\n"
" \n"
" ARG is a command to be read and executed when the shell receives the\n"
" value. If ARG is the null string each SIGNAL_SPEC is ignored by the\n"
" shell and by the commands it invokes.\n"
" \n"
-" If a SIGNAL_SPEC is EXIT (0) ARG is executed on exit from the shell. "
-"If\n"
-" a SIGNAL_SPEC is DEBUG, ARG is executed before every simple command. "
-"If\n"
-" a SIGNAL_SPEC is RETURN, ARG is executed each time a shell function or "
-"a\n"
-" script run by the . or source builtins finishes executing. A "
-"SIGNAL_SPEC\n"
-" of ERR means to execute ARG each time a command's failure would cause "
-"the\n"
+" If a SIGNAL_SPEC is EXIT (0) ARG is executed on exit from the shell. If\n"
+" a SIGNAL_SPEC is DEBUG, ARG is executed before every simple command. If\n"
+" a SIGNAL_SPEC is RETURN, ARG is executed each time a shell function or a\n"
+" script run by the . or source builtins finishes executing. A SIGNAL_SPEC\n"
+" of ERR means to execute ARG each time a command's failure would cause the\n"
" shell to exit when the -e option is enabled.\n"
" \n"
-" If no arguments are supplied, trap prints the list of commands "
-"associated\n"
+" If no arguments are supplied, trap prints the list of commands associated\n"
" with each signal.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -l\tprint a list of signal names and their corresponding numbers\n"
" -p\tdisplay the trap commands associated with each SIGNAL_SPEC\n"
" \n"
-" Each SIGNAL_SPEC is either a signal name in <signal.h> or a signal "
-"number.\n"
+" Each SIGNAL_SPEC is either a signal name in <signal.h> or a signal number.\n"
" Signal names are case insensitive and the SIG prefix is optional. A\n"
" signal may be sent to the shell with \"kill -signal $$\".\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless a SIGSPEC is invalid or an invalid option is "
-"given."
+" Returns success unless a SIGSPEC is invalid or an invalid option is given."
msgstr ""
"Перехоплює сигнали чи інші події.\n"
" \n"
" початковий стан. Якщо АРГУМЕНТ є порожнім рядком, СИГНАЛ(И) буде\n"
" ігноруватися оболонкою та запущеними з неї командами.\n"
" \n"
-" Якщо СИГНАЛ є EXIT (0), АРГУМЕНТ буде виконано при виході з оболонки. "
-"Якщо\n"
-" СИГНАЛ є DEBUG, АРГУМЕНТ буде виконуватися перед кожною простою "
-"командою.\n"
+" Якщо СИГНАЛ є EXIT (0), АРГУМЕНТ буде виконано при виході з оболонки. Якщо\n"
+" СИГНАЛ є DEBUG, АРГУМЕНТ буде виконуватися перед кожною простою командою.\n"
" \n"
" Якщо аргументи взагалі не вказано, trap покаже список команд,\n"
" призначених до сигналів.\n"
" -p\tПоказати команди, призначені СИГНАЛАМ.\n"
" \n"
" Кожен з СИГНАЛІВ має бути або назвою сигналу з <signal.h> або номером\n"
-" номером сигналу. Назви сигналів нечутливі до регістру літер, префікс "
-"SIG\n"
+" номером сигналу. Назви сигналів нечутливі до регістру літер, префікс SIG\n"
" необов’язковий. Сигнал можна надіслати оболонці за допомогою\n"
" \"kill -signal $$\".\n"
" \n"
" Код завершення:\n"
-" Команда завершується успішно, якщо вказані правильні параметри та "
-"СИГНАЛИ."
+" Команда завершується успішно, якщо вказані правильні параметри та СИГНАЛИ."
#: builtins.c:1386
msgid ""
" NAME\tCommand name to be interpreted.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success if all of the NAMEs are found; fails if any are not "
-"found."
+" Returns success if all of the NAMEs are found; fails if any are not found."
msgstr ""
"Показує тип команди.\n"
" \n"
" НАЗВА\tназва команди для інтерпретації.\n"
" \n"
" Код завершення:\n"
-" Команда завершується успішно, якщо буде знайдено усі НАЗВИ; невдало, "
-"якщо\n"
+" Команда завершується успішно, якщо буде знайдено усі НАЗВИ; невдало, якщо\n"
" хоч одне з них не вдасться знайти."
#: builtins.c:1417
msgid ""
"Modify shell resource limits.\n"
" \n"
-" Provides control over the resources available to the shell and "
-"processes\n"
+" Provides control over the resources available to the shell and processes\n"
" it creates, on systems that allow such control.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
msgstr ""
"Змінює обмеження ресурсів оболонки.\n"
" \n"
-" Дозволяє керувати доступними оболонці та створеним нею процесам "
-"ресурсами,\n"
+" Дозволяє керувати доступними оболонці та створеним нею процесам ресурсами,\n"
" якщо це підтримується системою.\n"
" \n"
" Параметри:\n"
" використовується chmod(1).\n"
" \n"
" Параметри:\n"
-" -p\tЯкщо МАСКУ не вказано, вивести її у формі, придатній для "
-"виконання.\n"
+" -p\tЯкщо МАСКУ не вказано, вивести її у формі, придатній для виконання.\n"
" -S\tВиводити у символьному режимі; інакше виводиться вісімкове число.\n"
" \n"
" Код завершення:\n"
msgid ""
"Wait for job completion and return exit status.\n"
" \n"
-" Waits for each process identified by an ID, which may be a process ID or "
-"a\n"
+" Waits for each process identified by an ID, which may be a process ID or a\n"
" job specification, and reports its termination status. If ID is not\n"
" given, waits for all currently active child processes, and the return\n"
-" status is zero. If ID is a a job specification, waits for all "
-"processes\n"
+" status is zero. If ID is a a job specification, waits for all processes\n"
" in that job's pipeline.\n"
" \n"
" If the -n option is supplied, waits for the next job to terminate and\n"
"Чекає завершення виконання завдання та повертає його код завершення.\n"
" \n"
" Очікує завершення роботи процесу, вказаного за ІДЕНТИФІКАТОРОМ, що може\n"
-" бути ідентифікатором процесу чи завдання, та повертає його код "
-"завершення.\n"
+" бути ідентифікатором процесу чи завдання, та повертає його код завершення.\n"
" Якщо ІДЕНТИФІКАТОР не вказано, очікує завершення усіх активних дочірніх\n"
" процесів та повертає код 0. Якщо ІДЕНТИФІКАТОР є завданням, очікує на\n"
" завершення усіх процесів у ланцюжку завдання.\n"
" і повертає його код завершення.\n"
" \n"
" Код завершення:\n"
-" Команда повертає код завершення вказаного завдання; помилку, якщо "
-"вказано\n"
+" Команда повертає код завершення вказаного завдання; помилку, якщо вказано\n"
" неправильні параметри чи ІДЕНТИФІКАТОР."
#: builtins.c:1506
msgid ""
"Wait for process completion and return exit status.\n"
" \n"
-" Waits for each process specified by a PID and reports its termination "
-"status.\n"
+" Waits for each process specified by a PID and reports its termination status.\n"
" If PID is not given, waits for all currently active child processes,\n"
" and the return status is zero. PID must be a process ID.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns the status of the last PID; fails if PID is invalid or an "
-"invalid\n"
+" Returns the status of the last PID; fails if PID is invalid or an invalid\n"
" option is given."
msgstr ""
"Очікує на завершення роботи процесу та повертає його код завершення.\n"
" \n"
-" Очікує, поки завершиться вказаний процес, та доповідає про його "
-"успішність.\n"
+" Очікує, поки завершиться вказаний процес, та доповідає про його успішність.\n"
" Якщо ІДЕНТИФІКАТОР-ПРОЦЕСУ не вказаний, очікує завершення усіх дочірніх\n"
-" процесів й завершується з кодом 0. ІДЕНТИФІКАТОР має бути "
-"ідентифікатором\n"
+" процесів й завершується з кодом 0. ІДЕНТИФІКАТОР має бути ідентифікатором\n"
" процесу.\n"
" \n"
" Код завершення:\n"
-" Команда повертає код завершення процесу з останнім вказаним "
-"ідентифікатором.\n"
-" Повертає код помилки, якщо вказано неправильний ІДЕНТИФІКАТОР чи "
-"параметр."
+" Команда повертає код завершення процесу з останнім вказаним ідентифікатором.\n"
+" Повертає код помилки, якщо вказано неправильний ІДЕНТИФІКАТОР чи параметр."
#: builtins.c:1521
msgid ""
"Пропонує вибрати слово та виконує відповідні команди.\n"
" \n"
" СЛОВА розгортаються, утворюючи список слів. Отриманий список слів\n"
-" виводиться пронумерованим до стандартного виводу помилок. Якщо `in "
-"СЛОВА'\n"
+" виводиться пронумерованим до стандартного виводу помилок. Якщо `in СЛОВА'\n"
" не вказано, береться `in \"$@\"'. Тоді виводиться запрошення PS3 та зі\n"
" стандартного вводу зчитується рядок. Якщо цей рядок є числом, що вказує\n"
-" номер одного зі слів, НАЗВА встановлюється у це слово. Якщо рядок "
-"порожній,\n"
-" СЛОВА та запрошення виводяться знов. Якщо прочитано кінець файла, "
-"команда\n"
-" завершується. Якщо рядок містить щось інше, НАЗВІ призначається "
-"порожній\n"
+" номер одного зі слів, НАЗВА встановлюється у це слово. Якщо рядок порожній,\n"
+" СЛОВА та запрошення виводяться знов. Якщо прочитано кінець файла, команда\n"
+" завершується. Якщо рядок містить щось інше, НАЗВІ призначається порожній\n"
" рядок. Прочитаний рядок зберігається у змінній REPLY. Після кожного\n"
" зчитування виконуються КОМАНДИ. Команда продовжує виконання доки не\n"
" буде викликано команду break.\n"
msgid ""
"Execute commands based on conditional.\n"
" \n"
-" The `if COMMANDS' list is executed. If its exit status is zero, then "
-"the\n"
-" `then COMMANDS' list is executed. Otherwise, each `elif COMMANDS' list "
-"is\n"
+" The `if COMMANDS' list is executed. If its exit status is zero, then the\n"
+" `then COMMANDS' list is executed. Otherwise, each `elif COMMANDS' list is\n"
" executed in turn, and if its exit status is zero, the corresponding\n"
-" `then COMMANDS' list is executed and the if command completes. "
-"Otherwise,\n"
-" the `else COMMANDS' list is executed, if present. The exit status of "
-"the\n"
-" entire construct is the exit status of the last command executed, or "
-"zero\n"
+" `then COMMANDS' list is executed and the if command completes. Otherwise,\n"
+" the `else COMMANDS' list is executed, if present. The exit status of the\n"
+" entire construct is the exit status of the last command executed, or zero\n"
" if no condition tested true.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" \n"
" КОМАНДИ з `if КОМАНДИ' виконуються, і якщо їх код завершення нульовий,\n"
" виконуються КОМАНДИ з `then КОМАНДИ'. Інакше в свою чергу виконуються\n"
-" команди з `elif КОМАНДИ', і якщо їх код завершення нульовий, "
-"виконуються\n"
+" команди з `elif КОМАНДИ', і якщо їх код завершення нульовий, виконуються\n"
" КОМАНДИ з відповідного `then КОМАНДИ'. Інакше виконуються КОМАНДИ з\n"
" `else КОМАНДИ'. Блоки elif та else не обов’язкові.\n"
" \n"
msgstr ""
"Створює співпроцес з назвою НАЗВА.\n"
" \n"
-" Починає асинхронне виконання КОМАНДИ, під’єднавши її стандартний ввід "
-"та\n"
-" вивід через канали до файлових дескрипторів, які присвоюються елементам "
-"0\n"
+" Починає асинхронне виконання КОМАНДИ, під’єднавши її стандартний ввід та\n"
+" вивід через канали до файлових дескрипторів, які присвоюються елементам 0\n"
" та 1 змінної-масиву НАЗВА.\n"
" Стандартна назва змінної — \"COPROC\".\n"
" \n"
"Define shell function.\n"
" \n"
" Create a shell function named NAME. When invoked as a simple command,\n"
-" NAME runs COMMANDs in the calling shell's context. When NAME is "
-"invoked,\n"
+" NAME runs COMMANDs in the calling shell's context. When NAME is invoked,\n"
" the arguments are passed to the function as $1...$n, and the function's\n"
" name is in $FUNCNAME.\n"
" \n"
msgstr ""
"Описує функцію оболонки.\n"
" \n"
-" Створює функцію оболонки з назвою НАЗВА. Функція запускається як "
-"звичайна\n"
-" команда з назвою НАЗВА та послідовно виконує КОМАНДИ. Аргументи до "
-"команди\n"
-" призначаються на час виконання змінним $1...$n, а назва функції — "
-"змінній\n"
+" Створює функцію оболонки з назвою НАЗВА. Функція запускається як звичайна\n"
+" команда з назвою НАЗВА та послідовно виконує КОМАНДИ. Аргументи до команди\n"
+" призначаються на час виконання змінним $1...$n, а назва функції — змінній\n"
" $FUNCNAME.\n"
" \n"
" Код завершення:\n"
msgstr ""
"Групує команди в один блок.\n"
" \n"
-" Виконує згрупований набір команд. Це один з методів перенаправлення "
-"виводу\n"
+" Виконує згрупований набір команд. Це один з методів перенаправлення виводу\n"
" групи команд.\n"
" \n"
" Код завершення:\n"
"Продовжує виконання завдання на передньому плані.\n"
" \n"
" Продовжує на передньому плані виконання призупиненого чи фонового\n"
-" завдання, як це робить команда `fg'. ЗАВДАННЯ може бути назвою чи "
-"номером\n"
-" завдання. Якщо після ЗАВДАННЯ вказано `&', завдання продовжує виконання "
-"у\n"
+" завдання, як це робить команда `fg'. ЗАВДАННЯ може бути назвою чи номером\n"
+" завдання. Якщо після ЗАВДАННЯ вказано `&', завдання продовжує виконання у\n"
" фоні, тобто команда має ефект команди `bg'.\n"
" \n"
" Код завершення:\n"
msgid ""
"Execute conditional command.\n"
" \n"
-" Returns a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the "
-"conditional\n"
-" expression EXPRESSION. Expressions are composed of the same primaries "
-"used\n"
-" by the `test' builtin, and may be combined using the following "
-"operators:\n"
+" Returns a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the conditional\n"
+" expression EXPRESSION. Expressions are composed of the same primaries used\n"
+" by the `test' builtin, and may be combined using the following operators:\n"
" \n"
" ( EXPRESSION )\tReturns the value of EXPRESSION\n"
" ! EXPRESSION\t\tTrue if EXPRESSION is false; else false\n"
" BASH_VERSION\tІнформація щодо версії Bash.\n"
" CDPATH\tРозділений двокрапкою список каталогів, у яких оболонка буде\n"
" \t\tшукати каталоги, вказані команді `cd'.\n"
-" GLOBIGNORE\tРозділений двокрапкою список шаблонів назв файлів, які "
-"будуть\n"
+" GLOBIGNORE\tРозділений двокрапкою список шаблонів назв файлів, які будуть\n"
" \t\tігноруватися під час розкриття шляхів.\n"
" HISTFILE\tНазва файла, де зберігається історія команд.\n"
" HISTFILESIZE\tНайбільша дозволена кількість записів у файлі історії.\n"
" відповідно до нової вершини стеку.\n"
" \n"
" Параметри:\n"
-" -n\tНе виконувати звичайного переходу до нового каталогу при "
-"вилученні\n"
+" -n\tНе виконувати звичайного переходу до нового каталогу при вилученні\n"
" \t\tкаталогів зі стеку, проводити операції лише над стеком.\n"
" \n"
" Аргументи:\n"
" \twith its position in the stack\n"
" \n"
" Arguments:\n"
-" +N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown "
-"by\n"
+" +N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown by\n"
" \tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.\n"
" \n"
-" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown "
-"by\n"
+" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown by\n"
" \tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
"Показує список збережених каталогів.\n"
" \n"
" Показує список збережених каталогів. Каталоги додаються до цього списку\n"
-" командою `pushd'; ви можете повернутися назад по цьому списку за "
-"допомогою\n"
+" командою `pushd'; ви можете повернутися назад по цьому списку за допомогою\n"
" команди `popd'.\n"
" \n"
" Параметри:\n"
" -N\tПоказує N-ний з кінця каталог у списку, що виводиться\n"
" \t\tкомандою dirs без аргументів, відлік починається з нуля. \n"
" Код завершення:\n"
-" Команда завершується невдало, якщо вказано неправильний параметр чи "
-"якщо\n"
+" Команда завершується невдало, якщо вказано неправильний параметр чи якщо\n"
" трапиться помилка."
#: builtins.c:1887
"Set and unset shell options.\n"
" \n"
" Change the setting of each shell option OPTNAME. Without any option\n"
-" arguments, list all shell options with an indication of whether or not "
-"each\n"
+" arguments, list all shell options with an indication of whether or not each\n"
" is set.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -v var\tassign the output to shell variable VAR rather than\n"
" \t\tdisplay it on the standard output\n"
" \n"
-" FORMAT is a character string which contains three types of objects: "
-"plain\n"
-" characters, which are simply copied to standard output; character "
-"escape\n"
+" FORMAT is a character string which contains three types of objects: plain\n"
+" characters, which are simply copied to standard output; character escape\n"
" sequences, which are converted and copied to the standard output; and\n"
-" format specifications, each of which causes printing of the next "
-"successive\n"
+" format specifications, each of which causes printing of the next successive\n"
" argument.\n"
" \n"
-" In addition to the standard format specifications described in "
-"printf(1),\n"
+" In addition to the standard format specifications described in printf(1),\n"
" printf interprets:\n"
" \n"
" %b\texpand backslash escape sequences in the corresponding argument\n"
" %q\tquote the argument in a way that can be reused as shell input\n"
-" %(fmt)T output the date-time string resulting from using FMT as a "
-"format\n"
+" %(fmt)T output the date-time string resulting from using FMT as a format\n"
" string for strftime(3)\n"
" \n"
" The format is re-used as necessary to consume all of the arguments. If\n"
" there are fewer arguments than the format requires, extra format\n"
-" specifications behave as if a zero value or null string, as "
-"appropriate,\n"
+" specifications behave as if a zero value or null string, as appropriate,\n"
" had been supplied.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or a write or "
-"assignment\n"
+" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or a write or assignment\n"
" error occurs."
msgstr ""
"Форматує та виводить аргументи відповідно до шаблону ФОРМАТ.\n"
" %(формат)T – вивести рядок дати і часу з використанням ФОРМАТУ\n"
" для форматування даних strftime(3)\n"
" \n"
-" Визначене форматування використовується так, щоб було оброблено усі "
-"аргументи.\n"
-" Якщо аргументів виявиться менше за кількість визначених форматів, для "
-"зайвих\n"
-" специфікаторів форматів буде використано нульові значення або порожні "
-"рядки, залежно від типу форматування.\n"
+" Визначене форматування використовується так, щоб було оброблено усі аргументи.\n"
+" Якщо аргументів виявиться менше за кількість визначених форматів, для зайвих\n"
+" специфікаторів форматів буде використано нульові значення або порожні рядки, залежно від типу форматування.\n"
" \n"
" Код завершення:\n"
-" Команда завершується невдало лише якщо вказано неправильний параметр "
-"або\n"
+" Команда завершується невдало лише якщо вказано неправильний параметр або\n"
" якщо трапиться помилка запису чи присвоєння."
#: builtins.c:1942
msgid ""
"Specify how arguments are to be completed by Readline.\n"
" \n"
-" For each NAME, specify how arguments are to be completed. If no "
-"options\n"
-" are supplied, existing completion specifications are printed in a way "
-"that\n"
+" For each NAME, specify how arguments are to be completed. If no options\n"
+" are supplied, existing completion specifications are printed in a way that\n"
" allows them to be reused as input.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
"Display possible completions depending on the options.\n"
" \n"
" Intended to be used from within a shell function generating possible\n"
-" completions. If the optional WORD argument is supplied, matches "
-"against\n"
+" completions. If the optional WORD argument is supplied, matches against\n"
" WORD are generated.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
msgid ""
"Modify or display completion options.\n"
" \n"
-" Modify the completion options for each NAME, or, if no NAMEs are "
-"supplied,\n"
-" the completion currently being executed. If no OPTIONs are given, "
-"print\n"
-" the completion options for each NAME or the current completion "
-"specification.\n"
+" Modify the completion options for each NAME, or, if no NAMEs are supplied,\n"
+" the completion currently being executed. If no OPTIONs are given, print\n"
+" the completion options for each NAME or the current completion specification.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" \t-o option\tSet completion option OPTION for each NAME\n"
msgid ""
"Read lines from the standard input into an indexed array variable.\n"
" \n"
-" Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable "
-"ARRAY, or\n"
-" from file descriptor FD if the -u option is supplied. The variable "
-"MAPFILE\n"
+" Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable ARRAY, or\n"
+" from file descriptor FD if the -u option is supplied. The variable MAPFILE\n"
" is the default ARRAY.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
-" -n count\tCopy at most COUNT lines. If COUNT is 0, all lines are "
-"copied.\n"
-" -O origin\tBegin assigning to ARRAY at index ORIGIN. The default "
-"index is 0.\n"
+" -n count\tCopy at most COUNT lines. If COUNT is 0, all lines are copied.\n"
+" -O origin\tBegin assigning to ARRAY at index ORIGIN. The default index is 0.\n"
" -s count \tDiscard the first COUNT lines read.\n"
" -t\t\tRemove a trailing newline from each line read.\n"
-" -u fd\t\tRead lines from file descriptor FD instead of the standard "
-"input.\n"
+" -u fd\t\tRead lines from file descriptor FD instead of the standard input.\n"
" -C callback\tEvaluate CALLBACK each time QUANTUM lines are read.\n"
-" -c quantum\tSpecify the number of lines read between each call to "
-"CALLBACK.\n"
+" -c quantum\tSpecify the number of lines read between each call to CALLBACK.\n"
" \n"
" Arguments:\n"
" ARRAY\t\tArray variable name to use for file data.\n"
" element to be assigned and the line to be assigned to that element\n"
" as additional arguments.\n"
" \n"
-" If not supplied with an explicit origin, mapfile will clear ARRAY "
-"before\n"
+" If not supplied with an explicit origin, mapfile will clear ARRAY before\n"
" assigning to it.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or ARRAY is readonly "
-"or\n"
+" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or ARRAY is readonly or\n"
" not an indexed array."
msgstr ""
"Читає рядки зі стандартного вводу й заносить їх до масиву.\n"
" \n"
-" Читає рядки зі стандартного вводу чи з ФАЙЛОВОГО-ДЕСКРИПТОРА, якщо "
-"вказано\n"
-" параметр -u, і вставляє їх до вказаної змінної-масиву. Якщо назву "
-"змінної\n"
+" Читає рядки зі стандартного вводу чи з ФАЙЛОВОГО-ДЕСКРИПТОРА, якщо вказано\n"
+" параметр -u, і вставляє їх до вказаної змінної-масиву. Якщо назву змінної\n"
" не вказано, використовується змінна MAPFILE.\n"
" \n"
" Параметри:\n"
" МАСИВ\t\tНазва змінної-масиву для збереження даних з файла.\n"
" \n"
" Якщо вказано лише -C, без -c, обробник викликатиметься із кроком 5000.\n"
-" Обробник викликається із параметром, що вказує наступний елемент "
-"масиву,\n"
+" Обробник викликається із параметром, що вказує наступний елемент масиву,\n"
" якому буде призначено значення.\n"
" \n"
" Якщо початковий елемент не вказано, mapfile спорожнить МАСИВ, перш ніж\n"
" починати присвоєння.\n"
" \n"
" Код завершення:\n"
-" Команда завершується невдало лише якщо вказано неправильний параметр "
-"або\n"
+" Команда завершується невдало лише якщо вказано неправильний параметр або\n"
" якщо МАСИВ є незмінним."
#: builtins.c:2049
#~ msgid "Copyright (C) 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\n"
#~ msgstr "© Free Software Foundation, Inc., 2009\n"
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "License GPLv2+: GNU GPL version 2 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl."
-#~ "html>\n"
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "Ліцензія GPLv2+: GNU GPL версія 2 чи новіша <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl."
-#~ "html>\n"
+#~ msgid "License GPLv2+: GNU GPL version 2 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>\n"
+#~ msgstr "Ліцензія GPLv2+: GNU GPL версія 2 чи новіша <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>\n"
#~ msgid "xrealloc: cannot reallocate %lu bytes (%lu bytes allocated)"
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "xrealloc: не вдається змінити розмір виділеного блоку до %lu байтів "
-#~ "(виділено %lu байтів)"
+#~ msgstr "xrealloc: не вдається змінити розмір виділеного блоку до %lu байтів (виділено %lu байтів)"
#~ msgid "xrealloc: cannot allocate %lu bytes"
#~ msgstr "xrealloc: не вдається виділити %lu байтів"
#~ msgid "xrealloc: %s:%d: cannot reallocate %lu bytes (%lu bytes allocated)"
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "xrealloc: %s:%d: не вдається змінити розмір виділеного блоку до %lu "
-#~ "байтів (виділено %lu байтів)"
+#~ msgstr "xrealloc: %s:%d: не вдається змінити розмір виділеного блоку до %lu байтів (виділено %lu байтів)"
# Vietnamese translation for BASH (Bourne Again SHell).
-# Copyright © 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# Bản dịch tiếng Việt dành cho bash.
+# Copyright © 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
# This file is distributed under the same license as the bash package.
# Clytie Siddall <clytie@riverland.net.au>, 2008, 2009, 2010.
-# Trần Ngọc Quân <vnwildman@gmail.com>, 2012-2013.
+# Trần Ngọc Quân <vnwildman@gmail.com>, 2012-2014.
# Nguyễn Thái Ngọc Duy <pclouds@gmail.com>, 2012.
#
msgid ""
msgstr ""
-"Project-Id-Version: bash-4.3-pre2\n"
+"Project-Id-Version: bash-4.3-rc2\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-01-23 16:04-0500\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2013-08-17 15:01+0700\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-02-01 13:11+0700\n"
"Last-Translator: Trần Ngọc Quân <vnwildman@gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Vietnamese <translation-team-vi@lists.sourceforge.net>\n"
"Language: vi\n"
#: arrayfunc.c:51
msgid "bad array subscript"
-msgstr "chỉ số của mảng sai"
+msgstr "sai chỉ số mảng"
#: arrayfunc.c:356 builtins/declare.def:566
#, c-format
#: braces.c:321
#, c-format
msgid "brace expansion: cannot allocate memory for %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "khai triển ngoặc ôm: không thể phân bổ bộ nhớ cho %s"
#: braces.c:413
#, c-format
msgid "brace expansion: failed to allocate memory for %d elements"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "khai triển ngoặc ôm: gặp lỗi khi phân bổ bộ nhớ cho `%d' phần tử"
#: braces.c:452
#, c-format
msgid "brace expansion: failed to allocate memory for `%s'"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "khai triển ngoặc ôm: gặp lỗi khi phân bổ bộ nhớ cho `%s'"
#: builtins/alias.def:132
#, c-format
" \n"
" Without EXPR, returns "
msgstr ""
-"Trả lại ngữ cảnh của lời gọi thường trình con hiện thời.\n"
+"Trả lại ngữ cảnh của cú gọi thủ tục con hiện thời.\n"
"\n"
-" Nếu không có BTHỨC thì trả lại "
+" Nếu không có BTHỨC thì trả về "
#: builtins/cd.def:319
msgid "HOME not set"
#: builtins/common.c:312
#, c-format
msgid "%s: not a shell builtin"
-msgstr "%s: không phải là chương trình dựng sẵn trong shell"
+msgstr "%s: không phải là lệnh dựng sẵn trong hệ vỏ"
#: builtins/common.c:321
#, c-format
#: builtins/common.c:629 builtins/common.c:631
#, c-format
msgid "%s: ambiguous job spec"
-msgstr "%s: đặc tả công việc mơ hồ"
+msgstr "%s: đặc tả công việc chưa rõ ràng"
#: builtins/complete.def:277
#, c-format
#: builtins/complete.def:855
#, c-format
msgid "%s: no completion specification"
-msgstr "%s: không có đặc tả hoàn thành"
+msgstr "%s: không có đặc tả tự hoàn thiện"
#: builtins/complete.def:697
msgid "warning: -F option may not work as you expect"
#: builtins/complete.def:828
msgid "not currently executing completion function"
-msgstr "hiện thời không thực thi hàm đầy đủ"
+msgstr "hiện thời không thực thi chức năng tự hoàn thiện"
#: builtins/declare.def:126
msgid "can only be used in a function"
#: builtins/exit.def:88
msgid "not login shell: use `exit'"
-msgstr "không phải shell đăng nhập: hãy dùng lệnh “exit”"
+msgstr "không phải hệ vỏ đăng nhập: hãy dùng lệnh “exit”"
#: builtins/exit.def:120
#, c-format
#, c-format
msgid "Shell commands matching keyword `"
msgid_plural "Shell commands matching keywords `"
-msgstr[0] "Câu lệnh shell tương ứng với từ khoá “"
+msgstr[0] "Câu lệnh hệ vỏ tương ứng với từ khoá `"
#: builtins/help.def:182
#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"no help topics match `%s'. Try `help help' or `man -k %s' or `info %s'."
-msgstr ""
-"không có trợ giúp cho “%s”. Thử “help help”, “man -k %s” hoặc “info %s”"
+msgid "no help topics match `%s'. Try `help help' or `man -k %s' or `info %s'."
+msgstr "không có trợ giúp cho “%s”. Hãy chạy lệnh “help help” hoặc “man -k %s” hay “info %s”."
#: builtins/help.def:199
#, c-format
"A star (*) next to a name means that the command is disabled.\n"
"\n"
msgstr ""
-"Những câu lệnh này được định nghĩa nội bộ. Gõ “help” để xem danh sách này.\n"
+"Những câu lệnh này được định nghĩa nội bộ. Gõ lệnh “help” để xem danh sách này.\n"
"Gõ “help TÊN” để biết chi tiết về hàm “TÊN”.\n"
-"Dùng “info bash” để tìm thông tin chung về shell nói chung.\n"
+"Dùng “info bash” để tìm thông tin chung về hệ vỏ nói chung.\n"
"Dùng “man -k” hoặc “info” để tìm thông tin về lệnh ngoài danh sách này.\n"
"\n"
"Dấu sao (*) bên cạnh tên nghĩa là lệnh bị tắt.\n"
#: builtins/printf.def:768
#, c-format
msgid "format parsing problem: %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "vấn đề phân tích cú pháp định dạng: %s"
#: builtins/printf.def:865
msgid "missing hex digit for \\x"
-msgstr "thiếu chữ số thập phân cho \\x"
+msgstr "thiếu chữ số thập lục phân cho \\x"
#: builtins/printf.def:880
#, c-format
" \twith its position in the stack\n"
" \n"
" Arguments:\n"
-" +N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown "
-"by\n"
+" +N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown by\n"
" \tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.\n"
" \n"
-" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown "
-"by\n"
+" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown by\n"
"\tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero."
msgstr ""
"Hiển thị danh sách các thư mục được nhớ hiện thời. Lệnh “pushd” thêm\n"
#: builtins/shopt.def:279
msgid "cannot set and unset shell options simultaneously"
-msgstr "không thể đồng thời đặt và hủy đặt các tùy chọn shell"
+msgstr "không thể đồng thời đặt và hủy đặt các tùy chọn hệ vỏ"
#: builtins/shopt.def:346
#, c-format
msgid "%s: invalid shell option name"
-msgstr "%s: tên tùy chọn shell không hợp lệ"
+msgstr "%s: tên tùy chọn hệ vỏ không hợp lệ"
#: builtins/source.def:130
msgid "filename argument required"
#: builtins/suspend.def:111
msgid "cannot suspend a login shell"
-msgstr "không thể ngưng shell đăng nhập"
+msgstr "không thể ngưng hệ vỏ đăng nhập"
#: builtins/type.def:234
#, c-format
#: builtins/type.def:255
#, c-format
msgid "%s is a shell keyword\n"
-msgstr "%s là từ khoá shell\n"
+msgstr "%s là từ khoá của hệ vỏ\n"
#: builtins/type.def:274
#, c-format
msgid "%s is a function\n"
-msgstr "%s là hàm\n"
+msgstr "%s là một hàm\n"
#: builtins/type.def:296
#, c-format
msgid "%s is a shell builtin\n"
-msgstr "%s là lệnh dựng sẵn shell\n"
+msgstr "%s là lệnh dựng sẵn hệ vỏ\n"
#: builtins/type.def:317 builtins/type.def:393
#, c-format
#: expr.c:1474
msgid "invalid arithmetic base"
-msgstr "cơ số (số học) không hợp lệ"
+msgstr "cơ số (toán học) không hợp lệ"
#: expr.c:1494
msgid "value too great for base"
#: jobs.c:1464 jobs.c:1489
msgid "Done"
-msgstr "Hoàn tất"
+msgstr "Xong"
#: jobs.c:1469 siglist.c:123
msgid "Stopped"
#: jobs.c:2138 nojobs.c:605
#, c-format
msgid "wait: pid %ld is not a child of this shell"
-msgstr "wait: pid %ld không phải là tiến trình con của shell này"
+msgstr "wait: pid %ld không phải là tiến trình con của hệ vỏ này"
#: jobs.c:2385
#, c-format
#: jobs.c:3737 jobs.c:3750
#, c-format
msgid "(wd now: %s)\n"
-msgstr "(wd bây giờ: %s)\n"
+msgstr "(wd ngay: %s)\n"
#: jobs.c:3782
msgid "initialize_job_control: getpgrp failed"
#: jobs.c:3888
msgid "no job control in this shell"
-msgstr "không có điều khiển công việc trong shell này"
+msgstr "không có điều khiển công việc trong hệ vỏ này"
#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:296
#, c-format
msgid "malloc: failed assertion: %s\n"
-msgstr "malloc: failed assertion: %s\n"
+msgstr "malloc: khẳng định gặp lỗi: %s\n"
#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:312
#, c-format
"\r\n"
"malloc: %s:%d: assertion botched\r\n"
msgstr ""
-"\\r\n"
-"malloc: %s:%d: khẳng định bị sai\\r\n"
+"\r\n"
+"malloc: %s:%d: khẳng định bị sai\r\n"
#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:313
msgid "unknown"
#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:801
msgid "malloc: block on free list clobbered"
-msgstr ""
-"malloc (cấp phát bộ nhớ): khối bộ nhớ dành riêng trên danh sách các khối còn "
-"trống bị ghi vào"
+msgstr "malloc (cấp phát bộ nhớ): khối bộ nhớ dành riêng trên danh sách các khối còn trống bị ghi vào"
#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:878
msgid "free: called with already freed block argument"
#: parse.y:5820
#, c-format
msgid "Use \"%s\" to leave the shell.\n"
-msgstr "Dùng \"%s\" để rời shell.\n"
+msgstr "Dùng \"%s\" để rời hệ vỏ.\n"
#: parse.y:5982
msgid "unexpected EOF while looking for matching `)'"
#: pcomplete.c:1094
#, c-format
msgid "completion: function `%s' not found"
-msgstr "completion: không tìm thấy hàm “%s”"
+msgstr "tự hoàn thiện: không tìm thấy hàm “%s”"
#: pcomplib.c:182
#, c-format
"\t%s [GNU long option] [option] script-file ...\n"
msgstr ""
"Cách dùng:\t%s [tùy chọn GNU dài] [tùy chọn] ...\n"
-"\t%s [tùy chọn dài] [tùy chọn] tập-tin-văn-lệnh ...\n"
+"\t%s [tùy chọn GNU dài] [tùy chọn] tập-tin-văn-lệnh ...\n"
#: shell.c:1830
msgid "GNU long options:\n"
#: shell.c:1856
#, c-format
msgid "Type `%s -c \"help set\"' for more information about shell options.\n"
-msgstr "Gõ “%s -c \"help set\"” để xem thông tin về các tùy chọn shell.\n"
+msgstr "Gõ “%s -c \"help set\"” để xem thông tin về các tùy chọn hệ vỏ.\n"
#: shell.c:1857
#, c-format
msgid "Type `%s -c help' for more information about shell builtin commands.\n"
-msgstr "Gõ “%s -c help” để xem thông tin về các lệnh shell dựng sẵn.\n"
+msgstr "Gõ “%s -c help” để xem thông tin về các lệnh hệ vỏ dựng sẵn.\n"
#: shell.c:1858
#, c-format
msgstr "$%s: không thể gán bằng cách này"
#: subst.c:7917
-msgid ""
-"future versions of the shell will force evaluation as an arithmetic "
-"substitution"
-msgstr ""
-"phiên bản shell mới sẽ ép buộc ước lượng dưới dạng một hàm thay thế số học"
+msgid "future versions of the shell will force evaluation as an arithmetic substitution"
+msgstr "phiên bản hệ vỏ mới sẽ ép buộc ước lượng dưới dạng một hàm thay thế số học"
#: subst.c:8421
#, c-format
#: trap.c:375
#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"run_pending_traps: signal handler is SIG_DFL, resending %d (%s) to myself"
-msgstr ""
-"run_pending_traps: bộ xử lý tín hiệu là SIG_DFL, đang gửi lại %d (%s) cho "
-"chính mình"
+msgid "run_pending_traps: signal handler is SIG_DFL, resending %d (%s) to myself"
+msgstr "run_pending_traps: bộ xử lý tín hiệu là SIG_DFL, đang gửi lại %d (%s) cho chính mình"
#: trap.c:428
#, c-format
#: variables.c:780
#, c-format
msgid "shell level (%d) too high, resetting to 1"
-msgstr "cấp shell (%d) quá cao nên đặt lại thành 1"
+msgstr "cấp hệ vỏ (%d) quá cao nên đặt lại thành 1"
#: variables.c:1865
-#, fuzzy, c-format
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: circular name reference"
-msgstr "%s: tên biến không hợp lệ cho một tham chiếu tên"
+msgstr "%s: tên tham chiếu quẩn tròn"
#: variables.c:2228
msgid "make_local_variable: no function context at current scope"
#: variables.c:4344
msgid "pop_var_context: head of shell_variables not a function context"
-msgstr ""
-"pop_var_context: đầu của shell_variables (các biến shell) không phải là ngữ "
-"cảnh hàm"
+msgstr "pop_var_context: đầu của shell_variables (các biến hệ vỏ) không phải là ngữ cảnh hàm"
#: variables.c:4357
msgid "pop_var_context: no global_variables context"
-msgstr ""
-"pop_var_context: không có ngữ cảnh global_variables (các biến toàn cục)"
+msgstr "pop_var_context: không có ngữ cảnh global_variables (các biến toàn cục)"
#: variables.c:4431
msgid "pop_scope: head of shell_variables not a temporary environment scope"
-msgstr ""
-"pop_scope: đầu của shell_variables (các biến shell) không phải là phạm vi "
-"môi trường tạm thời"
+msgstr "pop_scope: đầu của shell_variables (các biến hệ vỏ) không phải là phạm vi môi trường tạm thời"
#: variables.c:5257
#, c-format
msgstr "%s: %s: giá trị so sánh nằm ngoài phạm vi"
#: version.c:46
-#, fuzzy
msgid "Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr "Tác quyền (C) năm 2012 của Tổ chức Quỹ Phần mềm Tự do, Inc."
+msgstr "Tác quyền (C) năm 2014 của Tổ chức Quỹ Phần mềm Tự do, Inc."
#: version.c:47 version2.c:47
-msgid ""
-"License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl."
-"html>\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Giấy phép GPLv3+: GNU GPL phiên bản 3 hoặc mới hơn <http://gnu.org/licenses/"
-"gpl.html>\n"
+msgid "License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>\n"
+msgstr "Giấy phép GPLv3+: GNU GPL phiên bản 3 hoặc mới hơn <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>\n"
#: version.c:86 version2.c:86
#, c-format
#: version2.c:46
msgid "Copyright (C) 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr "Tác quyền (C) năm 2012 của Tổ chức Quỹ Phần mềm Tự do, Inc."
+msgstr "Tác quyền (C) năm 2014 của Tổ chức Quỹ Phần mềm Tự do, Inc."
#: xmalloc.c:91
#, c-format
msgstr "unalias [-a] TÊN [TÊN ...]"
#: builtins.c:51
-msgid ""
-"bind [-lpsvPSVX] [-m keymap] [-f filename] [-q name] [-u name] [-r keyseq] [-"
-"x keyseq:shell-command] [keyseq:readline-function or readline-command]"
-msgstr ""
-"bind [-lpvsPVSX] [-m SƠ-ĐỒ-PHÍM] [-f TẬP-TIN] [-q TÊN] [-u TÊN] [-r DÃY-"
-"PHÍM] [-x DÃY-PHÍM:LỆNH] [DÃY-PHÍM:HÀM-READLINE hay LỆNH-READLINE]"
+msgid "bind [-lpsvPSVX] [-m keymap] [-f filename] [-q name] [-u name] [-r keyseq] [-x keyseq:shell-command] [keyseq:readline-function or readline-command]"
+msgstr "bind [-lpvsPVSX] [-m SƠ-ĐỒ-PHÍM] [-f TẬP-TIN] [-q TÊN] [-u TÊN] [-r DÃY-PHÍM] [-x DÃY-PHÍM:LỆNH] [DÃY-PHÍM:HÀM-READLINE hay LỆNH-READLINE]"
#: builtins.c:54
msgid "break [n]"
msgstr "caller [BTHỨC]"
#: builtins.c:64
-#, fuzzy
msgid "cd [-L|[-P [-e]] [-@]] [dir]"
-msgstr "cd [-L|[-P [-e]]] [THƯ-MỤC]"
+msgstr "cd [-L|[-P [-e]]] [-@]] [THƯ-MỤC]"
#: builtins.c:66
msgid "pwd [-LP]"
#: builtins.c:103
msgid "fc [-e ename] [-lnr] [first] [last] or fc -s [pat=rep] [command]"
-msgstr "fc [-e ENAME] [-lnr] [Ä\90ẦU] [CUá»\90I] hoặc fc -s [MẪU=LẬP_LẠI] [LỆNH]"
+msgstr "fc [-e ENAME] [-lnr] [Ä\90ẦU] [CUá»\90I] hoặc fc -s [MẪU=LẶP_LẠI] [LỆNH]"
#: builtins.c:107
msgid "fg [job_spec]"
msgstr "help [-dms] [MẪU ...]"
#: builtins.c:121
-msgid ""
-"history [-c] [-d offset] [n] or history -anrw [filename] or history -ps arg "
-"[arg...]"
-msgstr ""
-"history [-c] [-d OFFSET] [n] hay history -anrw [T.TIN] hay history -ps Đ.SỐ "
-"[Đ.SỐ...]"
+msgid "history [-c] [-d offset] [n] or history -anrw [filename] or history -ps arg [arg...]"
+msgstr "history [-c] [-d OFFSET] [n] hay history -anrw [T.TIN] hay history -ps Đ.SỐ [Đ.SỐ...]"
#: builtins.c:125
msgid "jobs [-lnprs] [jobspec ...] or jobs -x command [args]"
msgstr "disown [-h] [-ar] [ĐTCV ...]"
#: builtins.c:132
-msgid ""
-"kill [-s sigspec | -n signum | -sigspec] pid | jobspec ... or kill -l "
-"[sigspec]"
-msgstr ""
-"kill [-s ĐTTH | -n số_tín_hiệu | -ĐTTH] pid | ĐTCV ... hoặc kill -l [ĐTTH]"
+msgid "kill [-s sigspec | -n signum | -sigspec] pid | jobspec ... or kill -l [sigspec]"
+msgstr "kill [-s ĐTTH | -n số_tín_hiệu | -ĐTTH] pid | ĐTCV ... hoặc kill -l [ĐTTH]"
#: builtins.c:134
msgid "let arg [arg ...]"
msgstr "let ĐỐI-SỐ [ĐỐI-SỐ ...]"
#: builtins.c:136
-msgid ""
-"read [-ers] [-a array] [-d delim] [-i text] [-n nchars] [-N nchars] [-p "
-"prompt] [-t timeout] [-u fd] [name ...]"
-msgstr ""
-"read [-ers] [-a MẢNG] [-d GIỚI-HẠN] [-i VĂN-BẢN] [-n SỐ-KÝ-TỰ] [-N SỐ-KÝ-TỰ] "
-"[-p NHẮC] [-t THỜI-HẠN] [-u fd] [TÊN ...]"
+msgid "read [-ers] [-a array] [-d delim] [-i text] [-n nchars] [-N nchars] [-p prompt] [-t timeout] [-u fd] [name ...]"
+msgstr "read [-ers] [-a MẢNG] [-d GIỚI-HẠN] [-i VĂN-BẢN] [-n SỐ-KÝ-TỰ] [-N SỐ-KÝ-TỰ] [-p NHẮC] [-t THỜI-HẠN] [-u fd] [TÊN ...]"
# nghĩa chữ
#: builtins.c:138
msgstr "case TỪ in [MẪU [| MẪU]...) CÁC;CÂU;LỆNH;;]... esac"
#: builtins.c:192
-msgid ""
-"if COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; [ elif COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; ]... [ else "
-"COMMANDS; ] fi"
-msgstr ""
-"if LỆNH; then CÁC;CÂU;LỆNH; [ elif CÁC;CÂU;LỆNH; then CÁC;CÂU;LỆNH; ]... "
-"[ else CÁC;CÂU;LỆNH; ] fi"
+msgid "if COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; [ elif COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; ]... [ else COMMANDS; ] fi"
+msgstr "if LỆNH; then CÁC;CÂU;LỆNH; [ elif CÁC;CÂU;LỆNH; then CÁC;CÂU;LỆNH; ]... [ else CÁC;CÂU;LỆNH; ] fi"
#: builtins.c:194
msgid "while COMMANDS; do COMMANDS; done"
#: builtins.c:202
msgid "{ COMMANDS ; }"
-msgstr "{ CÁC;CÂU;LỆNH; }"
+msgstr "{ CÁC;CÂU;LỆNH ; }"
#: builtins.c:204
msgid "job_spec [&]"
#: builtins.c:210
msgid "variables - Names and meanings of some shell variables"
-msgstr "biến — tên và nghĩa của một số biến shell"
+msgstr "biến — tên và nghĩa của một số biến hệ vỏ"
#: builtins.c:213
msgid "pushd [-n] [+N | -N | dir]"
msgstr "printf [-v BIẾN] ĐỊNH-DẠNG [CÁC-ĐỐI-SỐ]"
#: builtins.c:229
-msgid ""
-"complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DE] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-"
-"W wordlist] [-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S "
-"suffix] [name ...]"
-msgstr ""
-"complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DE] [-o TÙY-CHỌN] [-A HÀNH-ĐỘNG] [-G MẪU-"
-"GLOB] [-W DANH-SÁCH-TỪ] [-F HÀM] [-C LỆNH] [-X MẪU-LỌC] [-P TIỀN-TỐ] [-S "
-"HẬU-TỐ] [TÊN ...]"
+msgid "complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DE] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] [-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [name ...]"
+msgstr "complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DE] [-o TÙY-CHỌN] [-A HÀNH-ĐỘNG] [-G MẪU-GLOB] [-W DANH-SÁCH-TỪ] [-F HÀM] [-C LỆNH] [-X MẪU-LỌC] [-P TIỀN-TỐ] [-S HẬU-TỐ] [TÊN ...]"
#: builtins.c:233
-msgid ""
-"compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] "
-"[-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [word]"
-msgstr ""
-"compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o TÙY-CHỌN] [-A HÀNH-ĐỘNG] [-G MẪU-GLOB] [-W DANH-"
-"SÁCH-TỪ] [-F HÀM] [-C LỆNH] [-X MẪU-LỌC] [-P TIỀN-TỐ] [-S HẬU-TỐ] [TỪ]"
+msgid "compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] [-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [word]"
+msgstr "compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o TÙY-CHỌN] [-A HÀNH-ĐỘNG] [-G MẪU-GLOB] [-W DANH-SÁCH-TỪ] [-F HÀM] [-C LỆNH] [-X MẪU-LỌC] [-P TIỀN-TỐ] [-S HẬU-TỐ] [TỪ]"
#: builtins.c:237
msgid "compopt [-o|+o option] [-DE] [name ...]"
msgstr "compopt [-o|+o TÙY-CHỌN] [-DE] [TÊN ...]"
#: builtins.c:240
-msgid ""
-"mapfile [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c "
-"quantum] [array]"
-msgstr ""
-"mapfile [-n ĐẾM] [-O GỐC] [-s SỐ-LƯỢNG] [-t] [-u fd] [-C GỌI-NGƯỢC] [-c "
-"LƯỢNG] [MẢNG]"
+msgid "mapfile [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c quantum] [array]"
+msgstr "mapfile [-n ĐẾM] [-O GỐC] [-s SỐ-LƯỢNG] [-t] [-u fd] [-C GỌI-NGƯỢC] [-c LƯỢNG] [MẢNG]"
#: builtins.c:242
-msgid ""
-"readarray [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c "
-"quantum] [array]"
-msgstr ""
-"readarray [-n ĐẾM] [-O GỐC] [-s SỐ-LƯỢNG] [-t] [-u FD] [-C GỌI-NGƯỢC] [-c "
-"LƯỢNG] [MẢNG]"
+msgid "readarray [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c quantum] [array]"
+msgstr "readarray [-n ĐẾM] [-O GỐC] [-s SỐ-LƯỢNG] [-t] [-u FD] [-C GỌI-NGƯỢC] [-c LƯỢNG] [MẢNG]"
#: builtins.c:254
msgid ""
" -p\tPrint all defined aliases in a reusable format\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" alias returns true unless a NAME is supplied for which no alias has "
-"been\n"
+" alias returns true unless a NAME is supplied for which no alias has been\n"
" defined."
msgstr ""
"Định nghĩa hoặc hiển thị bí danh.\n"
" \tcó thể dùng lại được\n"
"\n"
" Trạng thái thoát:\n"
-" alias trả lại thành công trừ khi TÊN được cung cấp không phải là\n"
-" một bí danh được định nghĩa"
+" alias trả lại thành công trừ khi TÊN đã cho không phải là\n"
+" một bí danh đã được định nghĩa"
#: builtins.c:276
msgid ""
" Options:\n"
" -m keymap Use KEYMAP as the keymap for the duration of this\n"
" command. Acceptable keymap names are emacs,\n"
-" emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-"
-"move,\n"
+" emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-move,\n"
" vi-command, and vi-insert.\n"
" -l List names of functions.\n"
" -P List function names and bindings.\n"
" -p List functions and bindings in a form that can be\n"
" reused as input.\n"
-" -S List key sequences that invoke macros and their "
-"values\n"
-" -s List key sequences that invoke macros and their "
-"values\n"
+" -S List key sequences that invoke macros and their values\n"
+" -s List key sequences that invoke macros and their values\n"
" in a form that can be reused as input.\n"
" -V List variable names and values\n"
" -v List variable names and values in a form that can\n"
" be reused as input.\n"
" -q function-name Query about which keys invoke the named function.\n"
-" -u function-name Unbind all keys which are bound to the named "
-"function.\n"
+" -u function-name Unbind all keys which are bound to the named function.\n"
" -r keyseq Remove the binding for KEYSEQ.\n"
" -f filename Read key bindings from FILENAME.\n"
" -x keyseq:shell-command\tCause SHELL-COMMAND to be executed when\n"
" -P Liệt kê tên hàm và tổ hợp phím\n"
" -p Liệt kê tên hàm và tổ hợp phím theo dạng dùng\n"
" lại làm đầu vào được\n"
-" -S Liệt kê chuỗi phím mà gọi vĩ lệnh và các giá-trị "
-"của chúng\n"
-" -s Liệt kê chuỗi phím mà gọi vĩ lệnh và các giá-trị "
-"của chúng\n"
+" -S Liệt kê chuỗi phím mà gọi vĩ lệnh và các giá-trị của chúng\n"
+" -s Liệt kê chuỗi phím mà gọi vĩ lệnh và các giá-trị của chúng\n"
" theo định dạng có thể dùng làm đầu vào\n"
" -V Liệt kê các biến và giá trị của chúng\n"
" -v Liệt kê các biến và giá trị của chúng\n"
" \n"
" Execute SHELL-BUILTIN with arguments ARGs without performing command\n"
" lookup. This is useful when you wish to reimplement a shell builtin\n"
-" as a shell function, but need to execute the builtin within the "
-"function.\n"
+" as a shell function, but need to execute the builtin within the function.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns the exit status of SHELL-BUILTIN, or false if SHELL-BUILTIN is\n"
" not a shell builtin.."
msgstr ""
-"Chạy lệnh dựng sẵn shell.\n"
+"Chạy lệnh dựng sẵn hệ vỏ.\n"
"\n"
" Chạy SHELL-BUILTIN với ĐỐI-SỐ mà không thực hiện tìm lệnh. Hữu ích\n"
-" khi bạn muốn cài đặt lại lệnh shell dựng sẵn dạng hàm shell, nhưng\n"
+" khi bạn muốn cài đặt lại lệnh hệ vỏ dựng sẵn dạng hàm hệ vỏ, nhưng\n"
" cần chạy lệnh dựng sẵn trong hàm đó.\n"
"\n"
" Trạng thái thoát:\n"
" Trả lại trạng thái thoát của SHELL-BUILTIN, hoặc sai nếu\n"
-" SHELL-BUILTIN không phải là một lệnh dựng sẵn shell."
+" SHELL-BUILTIN không phải là một lệnh dựng sẵn hệ vỏ."
#: builtins.c:367
msgid ""
" trước lệnh gọi hiện tại; khung gọi đầu là khung 0.\n"
"\n"
" Trạng thái thoát:\n"
-" Trả lại 0 trừ khi shell đang chạy hàm shell, BTHỨC cũng hợp lệ."
+" Trả lại 0 trừ khi hệ vỏ đang chạy hàm hệ vỏ, BTHỨC cũng hợp lệ."
#: builtins.c:385
-#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Change the shell working directory.\n"
" \n"
-" Change the current directory to DIR. The default DIR is the value of "
-"the\n"
+" Change the current directory to DIR. The default DIR is the value of the\n"
" HOME shell variable.\n"
" \n"
-" The variable CDPATH defines the search path for the directory "
-"containing\n"
-" DIR. Alternative directory names in CDPATH are separated by a colon "
-"(:).\n"
-" A null directory name is the same as the current directory. If DIR "
-"begins\n"
+" The variable CDPATH defines the search path for the directory containing\n"
+" DIR. Alternative directory names in CDPATH are separated by a colon (:).\n"
+" A null directory name is the same as the current directory. If DIR begins\n"
" with a slash (/), then CDPATH is not used.\n"
" \n"
-" If the directory is not found, and the shell option `cdable_vars' is "
-"set,\n"
-" the word is assumed to be a variable name. If that variable has a "
-"value,\n"
+" If the directory is not found, and the shell option `cdable_vars' is set,\n"
+" the word is assumed to be a variable name. If that variable has a value,\n"
" its value is used for DIR.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" \tof `..'\n"
" -e\tif the -P option is supplied, and the current working directory\n"
" \tcannot be determined successfully, exit with a non-zero status\n"
-" -@ on systems that support it, present a file with extended "
-"attributes\n"
+" -@ on systems that support it, present a file with extended attributes\n"
" as a directory containing the file attributes\n"
" \n"
" The default is to follow symbolic links, as if `-L' were specified.\n"
-" `..' is processed by removing the immediately previous pathname "
-"component\n"
+" `..' is processed by removing the immediately previous pathname component\n"
" back to a slash or the beginning of DIR.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns 0 if the directory is changed, and if $PWD is set successfully "
-"when\n"
+" Returns 0 if the directory is changed, and if $PWD is set successfully when\n"
" -P is used; non-zero otherwise."
msgstr ""
-"Đổi thư mục làm việc của shell.\n"
+"Đổi thư mục làm việc của hệ vỏ.\n"
" \n"
" Chuyển đổi thư mục hiện thời sang THƯ-MỤC. Thư mục mặc định là giá\n"
" trị của biến HOME.\n"
" Biến CDPATH xác định đường dẫn tìm kiếm cho thư mục chứa\n"
" THƯ-MỤC. Tên thư mục trong CDPATH được phân cách bằng dấu hai chấm\n"
" (:). Tên thư mục trống tương đương với thư mục hiện tại. Nếu\n"
-" THƯ-MỤC bắt đầu với dấu chéo (/) thì không dùng CDPATH.\n"
+" THƯ-MỤC bắt đầu với dấu gạch chéo (/) thì không dùng CDPATH.\n"
" \n"
" Nếu không tìm thấy thư mục, và biến “cdable_vars” được đặt,\n"
-" thì lệnh sẽ giả định là một tên biến. Nếu biến đó có giá trị,\n"
+" thì lệnh sẽ coi là một tên biến. Nếu biến đó có giá trị,\n"
" thì giá trị này được dùng cho THƯ-MỤC.\n"
" \n"
" Tùy chọn:\n"
-" -L\tbuộc theo liên kết mềm: phân giải liên kết mềm\n"
+" -L buộc theo liên kết mềm: phân giải liên kết mềm\n"
" \tTH.MỤC sau khi xử lý “..”\n"
-" -P\tdùng cấu trúc thư mục vật lý mà không theo liên kết mềm:\n"
+" -P dùng cấu trúc thư mục vật lý mà không theo liên kết mềm:\n"
" \tphân giải liên kết mềm TH.MỤC sau khi xử lý “..”\n"
-" -e\tnếu có tùy chọn -P và không thể xác định thư mục làm việc\n"
+" -e nếu có tùy chọn -P và không thể xác định thư mục làm việc\n"
" \thiện tại thì thoát với trạng thái khác không\n"
+" -@ trên các hệ thống mà hỗ trợ nó, hiện diện một tập tin với các thuộc tính mở rộng\n"
+" như là một thư mục chứa các thuộc tính tập tin\n"
" \n"
" Mặc định là theo liên kết mềm, như có mặt tùy chọn “-L”.\n"
" “..” được xử lý bằng cách gỡ bỏ phần trước của đường dẫn\n"
" Mặc định “pwd” chạy như có mặt “-L”.\n"
" \n"
" Trạng thái thoát:\n"
-" Trả về 0 trừ khi đưa ra tùy chọn sai hoặc không đọc được thư mục hiện "
-"tại."
+" Trả về 0 trừ khi đưa ra tùy chọn sai hoặc không đọc được thư mục hiện tại."
#: builtins.c:439
msgid ""
"Execute a simple command or display information about commands.\n"
" \n"
" Runs COMMAND with ARGS suppressing shell function lookup, or display\n"
-" information about the specified COMMANDs. Can be used to invoke "
-"commands\n"
+" information about the specified COMMANDs. Can be used to invoke commands\n"
" on disk when a function with the same name exists.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
msgstr ""
"Thực thi một lệnh đơn giản, hoặc hiển thị thông tin về lệnh.\n"
"\n"
-" Chạy LỆNH với các ĐỐI-SỐ mà không thực hiện tra cứu hàm shell,\n"
+" Chạy LỆNH với các ĐỐI-SỐ mà không thực hiện tra cứu hàm hệ vỏ,\n"
" hoặc hiển thị thông tin về LỆNH. Có thể được dùng để gọi lệnh trên\n"
" đĩa khi đã có hàm cùng tên.\n"
"\n"
" Variables with the integer attribute have arithmetic evaluation (see\n"
" the `let' command) performed when the variable is assigned a value.\n"
" \n"
-" When used in a function, `declare' makes NAMEs local, as with the "
-"`local'\n"
+" When used in a function, `declare' makes NAMEs local, as with the `local'\n"
" command. The `-g' option suppresses this behavior.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" -f\thạn chế hành động hoặc hiển thị chỉ tên hàm và định nghĩa\n"
" -F\thạn chế hiển thị chỉ tên hàm mà thôi\n"
" \t(và số thứ tự dòng và tập tin nguồn khi gỡ lỗi)\n"
-" -g\ttạo biến toàn cục khi sử dụng trong hàm shell; nếu không\n"
+" -g\ttạo biến toàn cục khi sử dụng trong hàm hệ vỏ; nếu không\n"
" \tthì bị bỏ qua\n"
" -p\thiển thị thuộc tính và giá trị của mỗi TÊN\n"
" \n"
msgstr ""
"Đặt giá trị và thuộc tính của biến.\n"
"\n"
-" Lá»\97i thá»\9di. Xem “help declare”."
+" Lá»\87nh nà y Ä\91ã lạc háºu. Xem “help declare”."
#: builtins.c:535
msgid ""
" \n"
" Trạng thái thoát:\n"
" Trả lại thành công trừ khi đưa ra tùy chọn sai hay gặp lỗi,\n"
-" hoặc nếu shell không chạy hàm."
+" hoặc nếu hệ vỏ không chạy hàm."
#: builtins.c:552
msgid ""
"Write arguments to the standard output.\n"
" \n"
-" Display the ARGs, separated by a single space character and followed by "
-"a\n"
+" Display the ARGs, separated by a single space character and followed by a\n"
" newline, on the standard output.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -E\tchặn diễn dịch ký tự thoát\n"
" \n"
" “echo” hiểu những ký tự thoát sau:\n"
-" \\a\tchuông báo\n"
+" \\a\ttiếng chuông\n"
" \\b\txoá lùi\n"
" \\c\tchặn kết xuất tiếp\n"
" \\e\tký tự thoát\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless NAME is not a shell builtin or an error occurs."
msgstr ""
-"Bật và tắt lệnh shell dựng sẵn.\n"
+"Bật và tắt lệnh hệ vỏ dựng sẵn.\n"
"\n"
-" Bật và tắt các lệnh shell dựng sẵn. Chức năng tắt cho phép bạn\n"
-" chạy một lệnh trên đĩa cùng tên với một lệnh shell dựng sẵn mà\n"
+" Bật và tắt các lệnh hệ vỏ dựng sẵn. Chức năng tắt cho phép bạn\n"
+" chạy một lệnh trên đĩa cùng tên với một lệnh hệ vỏ dựng sẵn mà\n"
" không cần dùng tên đường dẫn đầy đủ.\n"
"\n"
" Tùy chọn:\n"
" -s chỉ in tên các lệnh dựng sẵn Posix “đặc biệt”\n"
"\n"
" Tùy chọn điều khiển chức năng nạp động:\n"
-" -f nạp lệnh dựng sẵn TÊN từ tập tin TẬP-TIN\n"
+" -f nạp lệnh dựng sẵn TÊN từ TẬP-TIN\n"
" -d bỏ một dựng sẵn được nạp bằng “-f”\n"
"\n"
" Không có tùy chọn thì coi như bật TÊN.\n"
"\n"
" Để sử dụng lệnh “test” trên đĩa (nếu tìm thấy trong $PATH) thay\n"
-" cho phiên bản shell dựng sẵn, gõ “enable -n test”.\n"
+" cho phiên bản hệ vỏ dựng sẵn, gõ “enable -n test”.\n"
"\n"
" Trạng thái thoát:\n"
" Trả lại thành công trừ khi TÊN không phải lệnh dựng sẵn hoặc gặp lỗi."
msgid ""
"Execute arguments as a shell command.\n"
" \n"
-" Combine ARGs into a single string, use the result as input to the "
-"shell,\n"
+" Combine ARGs into a single string, use the result as input to the shell,\n"
" and execute the resulting commands.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns exit status of command or success if command is null."
msgstr ""
-"Dùng các đối số để chạy lệnh shell.\n"
+"Dùng các đối số để chạy lệnh hệ vỏ.\n"
"\n"
" Gộp các ĐỐI-SỐ thành một chuỗi đơn, dùng kết quả làm đầu vào cho\n"
-" shell và chạy lệnh đó.\n"
+" hệ vỏ và chạy lệnh đó.\n"
"\n"
" Trạng thái thoát:\n"
" Trả lại trạng thái thoát của câu lệnh hay thành công nếu lệnh rỗng."
msgstr ""
"Phân tích đối số tùy chọn.\n"
"\n"
-" Getopts được shell dùng để phân tích tham số thành tuỳ chọn.\n"
+" Getopts được hệ vỏ dùng để phân tích tham số thành tuỳ chọn.\n"
"\n"
" CHUỖI-TUỲ-CHỌN chứa những chữ tùy chọn cần nhận ra; một chữ có dấu hai\n"
" chấm theo sau thì tùy chọn cần đối số, cách tuỳ chọn bằng khoảng\n"
" trắng.\n"
"\n"
-" Mỗi lần gọi, getopts sẽ đặt tùy chọn kế tiếp vào biến shell $TÊN,\n"
+" Mỗi lần gọi, getopts sẽ đặt tùy chọn kế tiếp vào biến hệ vỏ $TÊN,\n"
" tạo biến mới nếu tên đó chưa tồn tại, và đặt chỉ số của đối số kế\n"
-" tiếp cần xử lý vào biến shell OPTIND. OPTIND được khởi động bằng 1\n"
-" mỗi lần shell hay một văn lệnh shell được gọi. Khi tùy chọn cần\n"
-" đối số, getopts đặt đối số đó vào biến shell OPTARG.\n"
+" tiếp cần xử lý vào biến hệ vỏ OPTIND. OPTIND được khởi động bằng 1\n"
+" mỗi lần hệ vỏ hay một văn lệnh hệ vỏ được gọi. Khi tùy chọn cần\n"
+" đối số, getopts đặt đối số đó vào biến hệ vỏ OPTARG.\n"
"\n"
" getopts thông báo lỗi bằng một trong hai cách. Nếu ký tự đầu tiên\n"
" của CHUỖI-TUỲ-CHỌN là dấu hai chấm, getopts thông báo lỗi im\n"
" được lưu vào $TÊN, OPTARG bị xlá, và in ra một thông điệp chẩn\n"
" đoán.\n"
"\n"
-" Nếu biến shell OPTERR có giá trị 0, getopts sẽ không in thông báo\n"
+" Nếu biến hệ vỏ OPTERR có giá trị 0, getopts sẽ không in thông báo\n"
" kể cả khi ký tự đầu tiên của CHUỖI-TUỲ-CHỌN không phải dấu hai\n"
" chấm. OPTERR có giá trị mặc định là 1.\n"
"\n"
"Replace the shell with the given command.\n"
" \n"
" Execute COMMAND, replacing this shell with the specified program.\n"
-" ARGUMENTS become the arguments to COMMAND. If COMMAND is not "
-"specified,\n"
+" ARGUMENTS become the arguments to COMMAND. If COMMAND is not specified,\n"
" any redirections take effect in the current shell.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -c\t\texecute COMMAND with an empty environment\n"
" -l\t\tplace a dash in the zeroth argument to COMMAND\n"
" \n"
-" If the command cannot be executed, a non-interactive shell exits, "
-"unless\n"
+" If the command cannot be executed, a non-interactive shell exits, unless\n"
" the shell option `execfail' is set.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless COMMAND is not found or a redirection error "
-"occurs."
+" Returns success unless COMMAND is not found or a redirection error occurs."
msgstr ""
-"Thay thế shell bằng câu lệnh đưa ra.\n"
+"Thay thế hệ vỏ bằng câu lệnh đưa ra.\n"
"\n"
-" Thực thi LỆNH, thay thế shell này bằng chương trình được chạy.\n"
+" Thực thi LỆNH, thay thế hệ vỏ này bằng chương trình được chạy.\n"
" ĐỐI-SỐ là đối số của LỆNH. Không xác định LỆNH thì bất cứ chuyển\n"
-" hướng nào sẽ xảy ra trong shell đang chạy.\n"
+" hướng nào sẽ xảy ra trong hệ vỏ đang chạy.\n"
"\n"
" Tùy chọn:\n"
" -a TÊN\ttruyền TÊN cho LỆNH dạng đối số thứ không\n"
" -c\tthực thi LỆNH với một môi trường rỗng\n"
" -l\tđặt một dấu gạch vào đối số thứ không của LỆNH\n"
"\n"
-" Nếu LỆNH không thể thực thi, shell không tương tác sẽ thoát, trừ\n"
-" khi đặt tùy chọn shell “execfail”.\n"
+" Nếu LỆNH không thể thực thi, hệ vỏ không tương tác sẽ thoát, trừ\n"
+" khi đặt tùy chọn hệ vỏ “execfail”.\n"
"\n"
" Trạng thái thoát:\n"
" Trả lại thành công trừ khi không tìm được LỆNH hoặc gặp lỗi chuyển hướng."
" Exits the shell with a status of N. If N is omitted, the exit status\n"
" is that of the last command executed."
msgstr ""
-"Thoát shell.\n"
+"Thoát hệ vỏ.\n"
"\n"
-" Thoát khỏi shell với trạng thái N. Không xác định N thì trạng thái\n"
+" Thoát khỏi hệ vỏ với trạng thái N. Không xác định N thì trạng thái\n"
" thoát là trạng thái của lệnh cuối cùng được chạy."
#: builtins.c:715
msgid ""
"Exit a login shell.\n"
" \n"
-" Exits a login shell with exit status N. Returns an error if not "
-"executed\n"
+" Exits a login shell with exit status N. Returns an error if not executed\n"
" in a login shell."
msgstr ""
-"Thoát shell đăng nhập.\n"
+"Thoát hệ vỏ đăng nhập.\n"
"\n"
-" Thoát khỏi shell đăng nhập với trạng thái N. Trả về lỗi nếu không\n"
-" phải shell đăng nhập."
+" Thoát khỏi hệ vỏ đăng nhập với trạng thái N. Trả về lỗi nếu không\n"
+" phải hệ vỏ đăng nhập."
#: builtins.c:725
msgid ""
"Display or execute commands from the history list.\n"
" \n"
-" fc is used to list or edit and re-execute commands from the history "
-"list.\n"
+" fc is used to list or edit and re-execute commands from the history list.\n"
" FIRST and LAST can be numbers specifying the range, or FIRST can be a\n"
" string, which means the most recent command beginning with that\n"
" string.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
-" -e ENAME\tselect which editor to use. Default is FCEDIT, then "
-"EDITOR,\n"
+" -e ENAME\tselect which editor to use. Default is FCEDIT, then EDITOR,\n"
" \t\tthen vi\n"
" -l \tlist lines instead of editing\n"
" -n\tomit line numbers when listing\n"
" the last command.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success or status of executed command; non-zero if an error "
-"occurs."
+" Returns success or status of executed command; non-zero if an error occurs."
msgstr ""
-"Hiển thị hoặc thực thi lệnh từ lược sử.\n"
+"Hiển thị hoặc thực thi lệnh từ lịch sử.\n"
"\n"
" fc được dùng để liệt kê, chỉnh sửa và thực thi lại lệnh từ danh\n"
-" sách lược sử. ĐẦU và CUỐI có thể là số xác định phạm vi, hoặc ĐẦU\n"
+" sách lịch sử. ĐẦU và CUỐI có thể là số xác định phạm vi, hoặc ĐẦU\n"
" có thể là chuỗi chứa phần đầu lệnh chạy gần đây nhất.\n"
"\n"
" Tùy chọn:\n"
"\n"
" Nâng lên trước công việc được xác định bởi đặc tả công việc ĐTCV\n"
" làm công việc hiện thời. Không có ĐTCV thì dùng công việc hiện\n"
-" thời của shell.\n"
+" thời của hệ vỏ.\n"
"\n"
" Trạng thái thoát:\n"
" Trạng thái của câu lệnh được nâng lên trước; hoặc thất bại nếu xảy\n"
msgid ""
"Move jobs to the background.\n"
" \n"
-" Place the jobs identified by each JOB_SPEC in the background, as if "
-"they\n"
-" had been started with `&'. If JOB_SPEC is not present, the shell's "
-"notion\n"
+" Place the jobs identified by each JOB_SPEC in the background, as if they\n"
+" had been started with `&'. If JOB_SPEC is not present, the shell's notion\n"
" of the current job is used.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
"\n"
" Chuyển công việc xác định theo đặc tả công việc ĐTCV sang chạy\n"
" nền, như thể lệnh được chạy với “&”. Nếu không có ĐTCV, dùng công\n"
-" việc hiện thời của shell.\n"
+" việc hiện thời của hệ vỏ.\n"
"\n"
" Trạng thái thoát:\n"
" Trả lại thành công nếu chức năng điều khiển công việc được bật và\n"
" không gặp lỗi."
#: builtins.c:784
-#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Remember or display program locations.\n"
" \n"
" Determine and remember the full pathname of each command NAME. If\n"
-" no arguments are given, information about remembered commands is "
-"displayed.\n"
+" no arguments are given, information about remembered commands is displayed.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -d\t\tforget the remembered location of each NAME\n"
"\n"
" Tùy chọn:\n"
" -d\t\tquên vị trí đã nhớ của TÊN\n"
-" -l\t\thiển thị theo định dạng dùng lại làm đầu\n"
-" \t\tvào được\n"
-" -p TÊN_ĐƯỜNG_DẪN\tdùng TÊN_ĐƯỜNG_DẪN là tên đường dẫn đầy đủ của TÊN\n"
+" -l\t\thiển thị theo định dạng dùng lại làm đầu vào được\n"
+" -p\tTÊN_ĐƯỜNG_DẪN\tdùng TÊN_ĐƯỜNG_DẪN là tên đường dẫn đầy đủ của TÊN\n"
" -r\t\tquên mọi vị trí đã nhớ\n"
" -t\t\tin vị trí đã nhớ của TÊN, in tên trước vị\n"
-" trí nếu TÊN tương ứng với nhiều vị trí\n"
+" trí nếu TÊN tương ứng với nhiều vị trí\n"
"\n"
" Đối số:\n"
" TÊN\t\tmỗi TÊN được tìm trong $PATH và được thêm vào\n"
" PATTERN\tPattern specifiying a help topic\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless PATTERN is not found or an invalid option is "
-"given."
+" Returns success unless PATTERN is not found or an invalid option is given."
msgstr ""
"Hiển thị thông tin về lệnh dựng sẵn.\n"
"\n"
" \n"
" If the $HISTTIMEFORMAT variable is set and not null, its value is used\n"
" as a format string for strftime(3) to print the time stamp associated\n"
-" with each displayed history entry. No time stamps are printed "
-"otherwise.\n"
+" with each displayed history entry. No time stamps are printed otherwise.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or an error occurs."
msgstr ""
-"Hiển thị hoặc thao tác danh sách lược sử.\n"
+"Hiển thị hoặc thao tác danh sách lịch sử.\n"
"\n"
-" Hiển thị danh sách lược sử kèm số dòng, “*” ở đầu dòng cho các mục\n"
-" nhập bị sửa đổi. Đối số N thì liệt kê chỉ N mục nhập cuối cùng.\n"
+" Hiển thị danh sách lịch sử kèm số dòng, “*” ở đầu dòng cho các mục\n"
+" nhập bị sửa đổi. Đối số N thì liệt kê chỉ N mục tin cuối cùng.\n"
"\n"
" Tùy chọn:\n"
-" -c\txoá sạch danh sách lược sử bằng cách xoá mọi mục nhập\n"
-" -d offset\txoá mục nhập lược sử ở offset này\n"
+" -c\txoá sạch danh sách lịch sử bằng cách xoá mọi mục tin\n"
+" -d offset\txoá mục tin lịch sử ở vị trí tương đối này\n"
"\n"
-" -a\tnối đuôi lược sử từ phiên làm việc này vào tập tin\n"
-" \tlược sử.\n"
-" -n\tđọc mọi dòng lược sử chưa đọc từ tập tin lược sử\n"
-" -r\tđọc tập tin lược sử và nối thêm vào danh sách lược sử\n"
-" -w\tghi lược sử hiện thời vào tập tin lược sử,\n"
-" \tvào nối đuôi vào danh sách lược sử\n"
+" -a\tnối đuôi lịch sử từ phiên làm việc này vào tập tin\n"
+" \tlịch sử.\n"
+" -n\tđọc mọi dòng lịch sử chưa đọc từ tập tin lịch sử\n"
+" -r\tđọc tập tin lịch sử và nối thêm vào danh sách lịch sử\n"
+" -w\tghi lịch sử hiện thời vào tập tin lịch sử,\n"
+" \tvào nối đuôi vào danh sách lịch sử\n"
"\n"
-" -p\tbung lược sử với mỗi ĐỐI-SỐ và hiển thị kết quả\n"
-" \tmà không lưu vào danh sách lược sử\n"
-" -s\tnối đuôi ĐỐI-SỐ vào danh sách lược sử làm một mục đơn\n"
+" -p\tkhai triển lịch sử với mỗi ĐỐI-SỐ và hiển thị kết quả\n"
+" \tmà không lưu vào danh sách lịch sử\n"
+" -s\tnối đuôi ĐỐI-SỐ vào danh sách lịch sử làm một mục đơn\n"
"\n"
-" Nếu có TẬP-TIN thì nó được dùng làm tập tin lược sử. Ngược\n"
+" Nếu có TẬP-TIN thì nó được dùng làm tập tin lịch sử. Ngược\n"
" lại, nếu $HISTFILE có giá trị thì dùng; nếu $HISTFILE không có giá\n"
" trị thì dùng “~/.bash_history”.\n"
"\n"
" Nếu biến $HISTTIMEFORMAT đã được đặt và khác rỗng, giá trị đó được\n"
" dùng làm chuỗi định dạng cho strftime(3) để in nhãn thời gian\n"
-" tương ứng với mỗi mục nhập lược sử được hiển thị. Ngược lại không\n"
+" tương ứng với mỗi mục tin lịch sử được hiển thị. Ngược lại không\n"
" in nhãn thời gian.\n"
"\n"
" Trạng thái thoát:\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option or JOBSPEC is given."
msgstr ""
-"Bỏ công việc khỏi shell đang chạy.\n"
+"Bỏ công việc khỏi hệ vỏ đang chạy.\n"
"\n"
" Gỡ bỏ công việc xác định bởi đặc tả công việc ĐTCV. Không có đối\n"
-" số thì dùng công việc hiện thời của shell.\n"
+" số thì dùng công việc hiện thời của hệ vỏ.\n"
"\n"
" Tùy chọn:\n"
" -a\tbỏ mọi công việc nếu không có ĐTCV\n"
" -h\tđánh dấu ĐTCV để không gửi tín hiệu SIGHUP\n"
-" \tcho công việc khi shell nhận được SIGHUP\n"
+" \tcho công việc khi hệ vỏ nhận được SIGHUP\n"
" -r\tchỉ bỏ những công việc đang chạy\n"
"\n"
" Trạng thái thoát:\n"
" -l\tliệt kê tên tín hiệu; đối số sau “-l” nếu có được coi\n"
" \tlà mã số tín hiệu cần hiện tên\n"
"\n"
-" Kill là lệnh shell dựng sẵn vì hai lý do: nó cho phép dùng mã số\n"
+" Kill là lệnh hệ vỏ dựng sẵn vì hai lý do: nó cho phép dùng mã số\n"
" công việc thay cho mã số tiến trình và cho phép giết tiến trình\n"
" đạt giới hạn số các tiến trình được phép tạo.\n"
"\n"
" Evaluate each ARG as an arithmetic expression. Evaluation is done in\n"
" fixed-width integers with no check for overflow, though division by 0\n"
" is trapped and flagged as an error. The following list of operators is\n"
-" grouped into levels of equal-precedence operators. The levels are "
-"listed\n"
+" grouped into levels of equal-precedence operators. The levels are listed\n"
" in order of decreasing precedence.\n"
" \n"
" \tid++, id--\tvariable post-increment, post-decrement\n"
" và bật cờ lỗi. Danh sách toán tử bên dưới được nhóm theo nhóm độ\n"
" ưu tiên ngang hàng. Danh sách theo độ ưu tiên giảm dần.\n"
"\n"
-" \tid++, id--\tbiến tăng/giảm hậu tố\n"
-" \t++id, --id\tbiến tăng/giảm tiền tố\n"
+" \tid++, id--\ttiền tiền/giảm\n"
+" \t++id, --id\thậu gia/giảm\n"
" \t-, +\t\ttrừ, cộng (dấu)\n"
" \t!, ~\t\tphủ định lôgíc và trên bit\n"
" \t**\t\tsố mũ\n"
" \t+=, -=, <<=, >>=,\n"
" \t&=, ^=, |=\tphép gán\n"
"\n"
-" Biến shell có thể dùng làm toán hạng. Tên biến được thay thế bằng\n"
+" Biến hệ vỏ có thể dùng làm toán hạng. Tên biến được thay thế bằng\n"
" giá trị biến (chuyển thành số nguyên) trong biểu thức. Biến không\n"
" cần có thuộc tính số nguyên để dùng làm biểu thức.\n"
"\n"
"Read a line from the standard input and split it into fields.\n"
" \n"
" Reads a single line from the standard input, or from file descriptor FD\n"
-" if the -u option is supplied. The line is split into fields as with "
-"word\n"
+" if the -u option is supplied. The line is split into fields as with word\n"
" splitting, and the first word is assigned to the first NAME, the second\n"
" word to the second NAME, and so on, with any leftover words assigned to\n"
-" the last NAME. Only the characters found in $IFS are recognized as "
-"word\n"
+" the last NAME. Only the characters found in $IFS are recognized as word\n"
" delimiters.\n"
" \n"
-" If no NAMEs are supplied, the line read is stored in the REPLY "
-"variable.\n"
+" If no NAMEs are supplied, the line read is stored in the REPLY variable.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -a array\tassign the words read to sequential indices of the array\n"
" -n nchars\treturn after reading NCHARS characters rather than waiting\n"
" \t\tfor a newline, but honor a delimiter if fewer than NCHARS\n"
" \t\tcharacters are read before the delimiter\n"
-" -N nchars\treturn only after reading exactly NCHARS characters, "
-"unless\n"
+" -N nchars\treturn only after reading exactly NCHARS characters, unless\n"
" \t\tEOF is encountered or read times out, ignoring any delimiter\n"
" -p prompt\toutput the string PROMPT without a trailing newline before\n"
" \t\tattempting to read\n"
" -r\t\tdo not allow backslashes to escape any characters\n"
" -s\t\tdo not echo input coming from a terminal\n"
-" -t timeout\ttime out and return failure if a complete line of input "
-"is\n"
+" -t timeout\ttime out and return failure if a complete line of input is\n"
" \t\tnot read within TIMEOUT seconds. The value of the TMOUT\n"
" \t\tvariable is the default timeout. TIMEOUT may be a\n"
" \t\tfractional number. If TIMEOUT is 0, read returns immediately,\n"
" -u fd\t\tread from file descriptor FD instead of the standard input\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, read times "
-"out\n"
-" (in which case it's greater than 128), a variable assignment error "
-"occurs,\n"
+" The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, read times out\n"
+" (in which case it's greater than 128), a variable assignment error occurs,\n"
" or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as the argument to -u."
msgstr ""
"Đọc một dòng từ đầu nhập chuẩn và tách ra nhiều trường.\n"
" \tbắt đầu từ không.\n"
" -d DELIM\ttiếp tục đến khi đọc ký tự đầu tiên của DELIM thay\n"
" \t\tvì ký tự xuống dòng\n"
-" -e\t\tdùng Readline để lấy dòng trong shell tương tác\n"
+" -e\t\tdùng Readline để lấy dòng trong hệ vỏ tương tác\n"
" -i CHUỖI\tdùng CHUỖI làm văn bản đầu tiên cho Readline\n"
" -n nChữ\ttrả về sau khi đọc số lượng ký tự này thay vì đọc hết dòng\n"
" \t\tnhưng nếu gặp chuỗi phân tách khi ít hơn Nchữ\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns N, or failure if the shell is not executing a function or script."
msgstr ""
-"Trở về từ hàm shell.\n"
+"Trở về từ hàm hệ vỏ.\n"
"\n"
-" Thoát hàm shell hoặc văn lệnh được “source” với mã trả về xác định\n"
+" Thoát hàm hệ vỏ hoặc văn lệnh được “source” với mã trả về xác định\n"
" bởi N. Nếu không có N, trạng thái thoát là của lệnh thực hiện cuối\n"
" cùng trong hàm/văn lệnh.\n"
"\n"
" Trạng thái thoát:\n"
-" Trả lại N, hoặc bị lỗi nếu shell không đang chạy một hàm hay văn\n"
+" Trả lại N, hoặc bị lỗi nếu hệ vỏ không đang chạy một hàm hay văn\n"
" lệnh."
#: builtins.c:1041
" physical same as -P\n"
" pipefail the return value of a pipeline is the status of\n"
" the last command to exit with a non-zero status,\n"
-" or zero if no command exited with a non-zero "
-"status\n"
+" or zero if no command exited with a non-zero status\n"
" posix change the behavior of bash where the default\n"
" operation differs from the Posix standard to\n"
" match the standard\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option is given."
msgstr ""
-"Đặt hay huỷ giá trị của tùy chọn shell và tham số vị trí.\n"
+"Đặt hay huỷ giá trị của tùy chọn hệ vỏ và tham số vị trí.\n"
" \n"
-" Sửa đổi giá trị của thuộc tính shell và tham số vị trí,\n"
-" hoặc hiển thị tên và giá trị của biến shell.\n"
+" Sửa đổi giá trị của thuộc tính hệ vỏ và tham số vị trí,\n"
+" hoặc hiển thị tên và giá trị của biến hệ vỏ.\n"
" \n"
" Tùy chọn:\n"
" -a Đánh dấu các biến được tạo hay sửa đổi để xuất ra\n"
" hashall giống -h\n"
" histexpand giống -H\n"
" history bật lịch sử câu lệnh\n"
-" ignoreeof shell không thoát khi đọc EOF\n"
+" ignoreeof hệ vỏ không thoát khi đọc EOF\n"
" interactive-comments\n"
" cho phép ghi chú trong lệnh tương tác\n"
" keyword giống -k\n"
" -p Bật khi nào mã số thật và mã số có kết quả\n"
" không tương ứng với nhau.\n"
" Tắt tính năng xử lý tập tin $ENV\n"
-" và nhập các hàm vào shell.\n"
+" và nhập các hàm vào hệ vỏ.\n"
" Việc tắt tùy chọn này thì gây ra uid và gid có kết quả\n"
" được đặt thành uid và gid thật.\n"
" -t Thoát sau khi đọc và thực thi một câu lệnh\n"
" -u Xử lý biến chưa đặt là lỗi khi thay thế\n"
-" -v In ra mỗi dòng nhập vào shell khi nó được đọc\n"
+" -v In ra mỗi dòng nhập vào hệ vỏ khi nó được đọc\n"
" -x On ra mỗi câu lệnh và đối số tương ứng khi nó được thực thi\n"
-" -B shell sẽ mở rộng các dấu ngoặc móc\n"
+" -B hệ vỏ sẽ mở rộng các dấu ngoặc móc\n"
" -C Nếu đặt thì không cho phép ghi đè lên tập tin bình thường\n"
" đã tồn tại bằng cách chuyển hướng kết xuất\n"
-" -E Nếu đặt thì bẫy ERR được chức năng shell kế thừa\n"
+" -E Nếu đặt thì bẫy ERR được chức năng hệ vỏ kế thừa\n"
" -H Bật! bật chức năng thay thế kiểu. Cờ này được bật\n"
-" theo mặc định khi shell tương tác\n"
+" theo mặc định khi hệ vỏ tương tác\n"
" -P Đặt thì không theo liên kết mềm\n"
" khi thực thi câu lệnh như cd mà chuyển đổi thư mục hiện tại\n"
-" -T Nếu đặt thì bẫy DEBUG (gỡ lỗi) được các hàm của shell kế "
-"thừa\n"
-" -- Gán bất cứ đối số còn lại nào cho những tham số thuộc vị "
-"trí.\n"
+" -T Nếu đặt thì bẫy DEBUG (gỡ lỗi) được các hàm của hệ vỏ kế thừa\n"
+" -- Gán bất cứ đối số còn lại nào cho những tham số thuộc vị trí.\n"
" Nếu không còn thừa lại đối số nào, tham số vị trí\n"
" ìm kiếm được đặt.\n"
-" - Gán bất cứ đối số còn lại nào cho những tham số thuộc vị "
-"trí.\n"
+" - Gán bất cứ đối số còn lại nào cho những tham số thuộc vị trí.\n"
" Hai tùy chọn -x và -v đều bị tắt.\n"
" \n"
" Việc dùng + thay - làm tắt cờ. Các cờ cũng có thể được dùng khi\n"
-" gọi shell. Giá trị các cờ hiện hành có thể tìm thấy trong biến\n"
+" gọi hệ vỏ. Giá trị các cờ hiện hành có thể tìm thấy trong biến\n"
" $-. Các đối số còn lại là tham số thuộc vị trí, và được gán (theo\n"
" thứ tự) cho $1, $2, .. $n. Không đưa ra đối số thì in ra mọi biến\n"
" shell.\n"
" -n\ttreat each NAME as a name reference and unset the variable itself\n"
" \trather than the variable it references\n"
" \n"
-" Without options, unset first tries to unset a variable, and if that "
-"fails,\n"
+" Without options, unset first tries to unset a variable, and if that fails,\n"
" tries to unset a function.\n"
" \n"
" Some variables cannot be unset; also see `readonly'.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or a NAME is read-only."
msgstr ""
-"Xoá giá trị và thuộc tính biến và hàm shell.\n"
+"Xoá giá trị và thuộc tính biến và hàm hệ vỏ.\n"
" \n"
" Đối với mỗi TÊN, gỡ bỏ biến hay hàm tương ứng.\n"
" \n"
" Tùy chọn:\n"
-" -f\tđọc TÊN dạng hàm shell\n"
-" -v\tđọc TÊN dạng biến shell\n"
+" -f\tđọc TÊN dạng hàm hệ vỏ\n"
+" -v\tđọc TÊN dạng biến hệ vỏ\n"
" -n\tcoi TÊN như là tên tham chiếu và bỏ đặt biến tự tham chiếu\n"
" \n"
" Không có tùy chọn thì sẽ thử xoá biến, và nếu không thành công,\n"
"Set export attribute for shell variables.\n"
" \n"
" Marks each NAME for automatic export to the environment of subsequently\n"
-" executed commands. If VALUE is supplied, assign VALUE before "
-"exporting.\n"
+" executed commands. If VALUE is supplied, assign VALUE before exporting.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -f\trefer to shell functions\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or NAME is invalid."
msgstr ""
-"Đặt thuộc tính xuất khẩu cho biến shell.\n"
+"Đặt thuộc tính xuất khẩu cho biến hệ vỏ.\n"
"\n"
" Đánh dấu TÊN để tự động xuất vào môi trường của các lệnh được chạy\n"
" sau đó. Có GIÁ-TRỊ thì gán GIÁ-TRỊ trước khi xuất ra.\n"
"\n"
" Tùy chọn:\n"
-" -f\ttham chiếu đến hàm shell\n"
+" -f\ttham chiếu đến hàm hệ vỏ\n"
" -n\tgỡ bỏ thuộc tính xuất khẩu khỏi TÊN\n"
" -p\thiển thị danh sách các biến và hàm được xuất ra\n"
"\n"
" Trả lại thành công nếu không đưa ra tùy chọn hay TÊN sai,"
#: builtins.c:1167
-#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Mark shell variables as unchangeable.\n"
" \n"
" -a\trefer to indexed array variables\n"
" -A\trefer to associative array variables\n"
" -f\trefer to shell functions\n"
-" -p\tdisplay a list of all readonly variables or functions, depending "
-"on\n"
+" -p\tdisplay a list of all readonly variables or functions, depending on\n"
" whether or not the -f option is given\n"
" \n"
" An argument of `--' disables further option processing.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or NAME is invalid."
msgstr ""
-"Đánh dấu biến shell không thể thay đổi.\n"
+"Đánh dấu biến hệ vỏ là không thể thay đổi.\n"
"\n"
" Đánh dấu TÊN là chỉ đọc; giá trị những biến này không được thay\n"
" đổi trong các phép gán sau. Nếu có GIÁ-TRỊ thì gán GIÁ-TRỊ trước\n"
" Tùy chọn:\n"
" -a\ttham chiếu đến biến kiểu mảng chỉ số\n"
" -A\ttham chiếu đến biến kiểu mảng kết hợp\n"
-" -f\ttham chiếu đến hàm shell\n"
-" -p\thiển thị danh sách biến và hàm chỉ đọc\n"
-"\n"
+" -f\ttham chiếu đến hàm hệ vỏ\n"
+" -p\thiển thị danh sách biến và hàm chỉ đọc, tùy thuộc vào\n"
+" có tùy chọn -f hay không\n"
+" \n"
" Đối số “--” ngừng phân tích tuỳ chọn cho các tham số còn lại.\n"
"\n"
" Trạng thái thoát:\n"
" Returns the status of the last command executed in FILENAME; fails if\n"
" FILENAME cannot be read."
msgstr ""
-"Thực thi lệnh từ tập tin trong shell hiện tại.\n"
+"Thực thi lệnh từ tập tin trong hệ vỏ hiện tại.\n"
"\n"
-" Đọc và thực thi lệnh từ TẬP-TIN trong shell đang chạy. $PATH được\n"
+" Đọc và thực thi lệnh từ TẬP-TIN trong hệ vỏ đang chạy. $PATH được\n"
" dùng để tìm thư mục chứa tập tin này. Nếu có đối số thì mỗi đối số\n"
" trở thành tham số vị trí khi TẬP-TIN được thực thi.\n"
"\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless job control is not enabled or an error occurs."
msgstr ""
-"Ngưng chạy shell.\n"
+"Ngưng chạy hệ vỏ.\n"
"\n"
-" Ngưng chạy shell này đến khi nhận tín hiệu SIGCONT. Nếu không ép\n"
-" buộc thì không thể ngưng chạy shell đăng nhập.\n"
+" Ngưng chạy hệ vỏ này đến khi nhận tín hiệu SIGCONT. Nếu không ép\n"
+" buộc thì không thể ngưng chạy hệ vỏ đăng nhập.\n"
"\n"
" Tùy chọn:\n"
-" \t-f\tbuộc ngưng, thậm chí với shell đăng nhập\n"
+" \t-f\tbuộc ngưng, thậm chí với hệ vỏ đăng nhập\n"
"\n"
" Trạng thái thoát:\n"
" Trả lại thành công trừ khi chức năng điều khiển công việc không\n"
" -x FILE True if the file is executable by you.\n"
" -O FILE True if the file is effectively owned by you.\n"
" -G FILE True if the file is effectively owned by your group.\n"
-" -N FILE True if the file has been modified since it was last "
-"read.\n"
+" -N FILE True if the file has been modified since it was last read.\n"
" \n"
" FILE1 -nt FILE2 True if file1 is newer than file2 (according to\n"
" modification date).\n"
" STRING1 != STRING2\n"
" True if the strings are not equal.\n"
" STRING1 < STRING2\n"
-" True if STRING1 sorts before STRING2 "
-"lexicographically.\n"
+" True if STRING1 sorts before STRING2 lexicographically.\n"
" STRING1 > STRING2\n"
" True if STRING1 sorts after STRING2 lexicographically.\n"
" \n"
" \n"
" -o OPTION True if the shell option OPTION is enabled.\n"
" -v VAR\t True if the shell variable VAR is set\n"
-" -R VAR\t True if the shell variable VAR is set and is a name "
-"reference.\n"
+" -R VAR\t True if the shell variable VAR is set and is a name reference.\n"
" ! EXPR True if expr is false.\n"
" EXPR1 -a EXPR2 True if both expr1 AND expr2 are true.\n"
" EXPR1 -o EXPR2 True if either expr1 OR expr2 is true.\n"
" \n"
" CHUỖI1 = CHUỖI2 Đúng nếu hai chuỗi trùng nhau.\n"
" CHUỖI1 != CHUỖI2 Đúng nếu hai chuỗi khác nhau.\n"
-" CHUỖI1 < CHUỖI2 Đúng nếu CHUỖI1 xếp trước CHUỖI2 theo thứ tự từ "
-"điển.\n"
+" CHUỖI1 < CHUỖI2 Đúng nếu CHUỖI1 xếp trước CHUỖI2 theo thứ tự từ điển.\n"
" CHUỖI1 > CHUỖI2 Đúng nếu CHUỖI1 xếp sau CHUỖI2 theo thứ tự từ điển.\n"
" \n"
" Toán tử khác:\n"
" \n"
-" -o TÙY_CHỌN Đúng nếu tùy chọn shell này được bật.\n"
+" -o TÙY_CHỌN Đúng nếu tùy chọn hệ vỏ này được bật.\n"
" -v BIẾN Đúng nếu BIẾN được đặt\n"
" -R BIẾN Đúng nếu BIẾN được đặt là là tham chiếu tên.\n"
" ! BTHỨC Đúng nếu biểu thức này không đúng.\n"
msgid ""
"Display process times.\n"
" \n"
-" Prints the accumulated user and system times for the shell and all of "
-"its\n"
+" Prints the accumulated user and system times for the shell and all of its\n"
" child processes.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
msgstr ""
"Hiển thị thời lượng chạy tiến trình.\n"
"\n"
-" In thời lượng chạy ở mức người dùng và hệ thống của shell và các\n"
+" In thời lượng chạy ở mức người dùng và hệ thống của hệ vỏ và các\n"
" tiến trình con.\n"
"\n"
" Trạng thái thoát:\n"
msgid ""
"Trap signals and other events.\n"
" \n"
-" Defines and activates handlers to be run when the shell receives "
-"signals\n"
+" Defines and activates handlers to be run when the shell receives signals\n"
" or other conditions.\n"
" \n"
" ARG is a command to be read and executed when the shell receives the\n"
" value. If ARG is the null string each SIGNAL_SPEC is ignored by the\n"
" shell and by the commands it invokes.\n"
" \n"
-" If a SIGNAL_SPEC is EXIT (0) ARG is executed on exit from the shell. "
-"If\n"
-" a SIGNAL_SPEC is DEBUG, ARG is executed before every simple command. "
-"If\n"
-" a SIGNAL_SPEC is RETURN, ARG is executed each time a shell function or "
-"a\n"
-" script run by the . or source builtins finishes executing. A "
-"SIGNAL_SPEC\n"
-" of ERR means to execute ARG each time a command's failure would cause "
-"the\n"
+" If a SIGNAL_SPEC is EXIT (0) ARG is executed on exit from the shell. If\n"
+" a SIGNAL_SPEC is DEBUG, ARG is executed before every simple command. If\n"
+" a SIGNAL_SPEC is RETURN, ARG is executed each time a shell function or a\n"
+" script run by the . or source builtins finishes executing. A SIGNAL_SPEC\n"
+" of ERR means to execute ARG each time a command's failure would cause the\n"
" shell to exit when the -e option is enabled.\n"
" \n"
-" If no arguments are supplied, trap prints the list of commands "
-"associated\n"
+" If no arguments are supplied, trap prints the list of commands associated\n"
" with each signal.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -l\tprint a list of signal names and their corresponding numbers\n"
" -p\tdisplay the trap commands associated with each SIGNAL_SPEC\n"
" \n"
-" Each SIGNAL_SPEC is either a signal name in <signal.h> or a signal "
-"number.\n"
+" Each SIGNAL_SPEC is either a signal name in <signal.h> or a signal number.\n"
" Signal names are case insensitive and the SIG prefix is optional. A\n"
" signal may be sent to the shell with \"kill -signal $$\".\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless a SIGSPEC is invalid or an invalid option is "
-"given."
+" Returns success unless a SIGSPEC is invalid or an invalid option is given."
msgstr ""
"Bẫy tín hiệu và sự kiện khác.\n"
"\n"
-" Định nghĩa và kích hoạt các bộ xử lý khi shell nhận được tín hiệu\n"
+" Định nghĩa và kích hoạt các bộ xử lý khi hệ vỏ nhận được tín hiệu\n"
" hay các điều kiện khác.\n"
"\n"
-" ĐỐI-SỐ là một lệnh cần đọc và thực thi khi shell nhận được tín\n"
+" ĐỐI-SỐ là một lệnh cần đọc và thực thi khi hệ vỏ nhận được tín\n"
" hiệu theo đặc tả tín hiệu ĐTTH. Nếu không có ĐỐI-SỐ (và chỉ cung\n"
" cấp một ĐTTH), hoặc cung cấp “-”. mỗi tín hiệu được xác định thì\n"
" được đặt lại về giá trị gốc. Nếu ĐỐI-SỐ là chuỗi rỗng thì mỗi ĐTTH\n"
-" bị shell và những lệnh bên trong bỏ qua.\n"
+" bị hệ vỏ và những lệnh bên trong bỏ qua.\n"
"\n"
" Nếu ĐTTH là EXIT (0) thì ĐỐI-SỐ được thực thi khi thoát\n"
-" khỏi shell. Nếu là DEBUG, ĐỐI-SỐ được thực thi trước mỗi lệnh đơn\n"
-" giản. Nếu là RETURN, ĐỐI-SỐ được thực thi mỗi khi hàm shell hay\n"
+" khỏi hệ vỏ. Nếu là DEBUG, ĐỐI-SỐ được thực thi trước mỗi lệnh đơn\n"
+" giản. Nếu là RETURN, ĐỐI-SỐ được thực thi mỗi khi hàm hệ vỏ hay\n"
" một văn lệnh, được chạy bởi lệnh “.” hoặc “source”. kết thúc thực\n"
" thi. ĐTTH ERR nghĩa là thực thi ĐỐI-SỐ mỗi khi lệnh gặp\n"
-" lỗi dẫn đến thoát shell khi bật tùy chọn -e.\n"
+" lỗi dẫn đến thoát hệ vỏ khi bật tùy chọn -e.\n"
" \n"
" Nếu không có đối số, “trap” sẽ in danh sách của các lệnh gắn với\n"
" các tín hiệu.\n"
"\n"
" Mỗi ĐTTH hoặc là tên tín hiệu trong <signal.h>, hoặc mã\n"
" số tín hiệu. Tên tín hiệu không phân biệt chữ hoa/thường, và không\n"
-" bắt buộc phải dùng tiền tố SIG. Có thể gửi tín hiệu cho shell bằng\n"
+" bắt buộc phải dùng tiền tố SIG. Có thể gửi tín hiệu cho hệ vỏ bằng\n"
" \"kill -signal $$\".\n"
"\n"
" Trạng thái thoát:\n"
" NAME\tCommand name to be interpreted.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success if all of the NAMEs are found; fails if any are not "
-"found."
+" Returns success if all of the NAMEs are found; fails if any are not found."
msgstr ""
"Hiển thị thông tin loại câu lệnh.\n"
"\n"
" -a\thiển thị mọi vị trí chứa tập tin thực thi được có TÊN;\n"
" \tkhông đặt tùy chọn “-p” thì bao gồm các bí danh, lệnh\n"
" \tdựng sẵn và hàm.\n"
-" -f\tngăn tra cứu hàm shell\n"
+" -f\tngăn tra cứu hàm hệ vỏ\n"
" -P\tbuộc tìm kiếm PATH đối với mỗi TÊN, thậm chí nếu nó là\n"
" \tbí danh, lệnh dựng sẵn hay hàm, và trả lại tên của tập\n"
" \ttin trên đĩa mà sẽ được thực thi\n"
" \t\t(tập tin).\n"
" -t\txuất một trong những từ đơn “alias”, “keyword”, “function”,\n"
" \t“builtin”, “file” hoặc “”, nếu TÊN tương ứng là bí danh,\n"
-" \ttừ khoá shell, hàm shell, lệnh shell dựng sẵn, tập tin\n"
+" \ttừ khoá,hàm, lệnh hệ vỏ dựng sẵn, tập tin\n"
" \ttrên đĩa, hoặc không tìm thấy.\n"
"\n"
" Đối số:\n"
msgid ""
"Modify shell resource limits.\n"
" \n"
-" Provides control over the resources available to the shell and "
-"processes\n"
+" Provides control over the resources available to the shell and processes\n"
" it creates, on systems that allow such control.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or an error occurs."
msgstr ""
-"Sửa đổi giới hạn tài nguyên shell.\n"
+"Sửa đổi giới hạn tài nguyên hệ vỏ.\n"
" \n"
-" Điều khiển tài nguyên sẵn có của shell và các tiến trình nó tạo ra,\n"
+" Điều khiển tài nguyên sẵn có của hệ vỏ và các tiến trình nó tạo ra,\n"
" trên hệ thống hỗ trợ điểu khiển tài nguyên như vậy.\n"
" \n"
" Tùy chọn:\n"
" -c\tkích cỡ tối đa của tập tin core được tạo\n"
" -d\tkích cỡ tối đa của từng đoạn dữ liệu của một tiến trình\n"
" -e\tmức ưu tiên lập lịch cao nhất (“nice”)\n"
-" -f\tkích cỡ tập tin tối đa được ghi bởi shell và tiến trình con\n"
+" -f\tkích cỡ tập tin tối đa được ghi bởi hệ vỏ và tiến trình con\n"
" -i\tsố tín hiệu bị hoãn tối đa\n"
" -l\tkích cỡ tối đa mà tiến trình có thể khoá vào bộ nhớ\n"
" -m\tkích cỡ tập nội trú (RSS) tối đa\n"
msgid ""
"Wait for job completion and return exit status.\n"
" \n"
-" Waits for each process identified by an ID, which may be a process ID or "
-"a\n"
+" Waits for each process identified by an ID, which may be a process ID or a\n"
" job specification, and reports its termination status. If ID is not\n"
" given, waits for all currently active child processes, and the return\n"
-" status is zero. If ID is a a job specification, waits for all "
-"processes\n"
+" status is zero. If ID is a a job specification, waits for all processes\n"
" in that job's pipeline.\n"
" \n"
" If the -n option is supplied, waits for the next job to terminate and\n"
" về là không. Nếu ID là đặc tả công việc thì đợi tất cả các tiến\n"
" trình vẫn nằm trong ống dẫn của công việc đó.\n"
" \n"
-" Nếu tùy-chọn -n được áp dùng thì đợi cho đến khi công việc kế chấm dứt "
-"và\n"
+" Nếu tùy-chọn -n được áp dùng thì đợi cho đến khi công việc kế chấm dứt và\n"
" trả về trạng thái thoát của nó.\n"
"\n"
" Trạng thái thoát:\n"
msgid ""
"Wait for process completion and return exit status.\n"
" \n"
-" Waits for each process specified by a PID and reports its termination "
-"status.\n"
+" Waits for each process specified by a PID and reports its termination status.\n"
" If PID is not given, waits for all currently active child processes,\n"
" and the return status is zero. PID must be a process ID.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns the status of the last PID; fails if PID is invalid or an "
-"invalid\n"
+" Returns the status of the last PID; fails if PID is invalid or an invalid\n"
" option is given."
msgstr ""
"Đợi tiến trình chạy xong và trả về trạng thái thoát.\n"
msgstr ""
"Thực thi lệnh cho từng phần tử nằm trong danh sách.\n"
"\n"
-" Vòng lặp “for” thực thi lệnh cho từng phần tử nằm trong danh sách. "
-"Không\n"
+" Vòng lặp “for” thực thi lệnh cho từng phần tử nằm trong danh sách. Không\n"
" ghi “in TỪ ...” thì ngầm định “in \"$@\"”. Đối với mỗi phần tử trong\n"
-" danh sách, đặt giá trị phần tử đó cho biến TÊN rồi thực thi CÁC;CÂU;"
-"LỆNH.\n"
+" danh sách, đặt giá trị phần tử đó cho biến TÊN rồi thực thi CÁC;CÂU;LỆNH.\n"
"\n"
" Trạng thái thoát:\n"
" Trả lại trạng thái của câu lệnh cuối cùng được chạy."
msgid ""
"Execute commands based on conditional.\n"
" \n"
-" The `if COMMANDS' list is executed. If its exit status is zero, then "
-"the\n"
-" `then COMMANDS' list is executed. Otherwise, each `elif COMMANDS' list "
-"is\n"
+" The `if COMMANDS' list is executed. If its exit status is zero, then the\n"
+" `then COMMANDS' list is executed. Otherwise, each `elif COMMANDS' list is\n"
" executed in turn, and if its exit status is zero, the corresponding\n"
-" `then COMMANDS' list is executed and the if command completes. "
-"Otherwise,\n"
-" the `else COMMANDS' list is executed, if present. The exit status of "
-"the\n"
-" entire construct is the exit status of the last command executed, or "
-"zero\n"
+" `then COMMANDS' list is executed and the if command completes. Otherwise,\n"
+" the `else COMMANDS' list is executed, if present. The exit status of the\n"
+" entire construct is the exit status of the last command executed, or zero\n"
" if no condition tested true.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
msgstr ""
"Thực thi câu lệnh có điều kiện.\n"
"\n"
-" Danh sách “if CÁC;CÂU;LỆNH” được thực thi. Nếu trạng thái thoát là "
-"không,\n"
+" Danh sách “if CÁC;CÂU;LỆNH” được thực thi. Nếu trạng thái thoát là không,\n"
" thì thực thi danh sách “then LỆNH”. Không thì thực thi lần lượt\n"
" mỗi danh sách “elif LỆNH”. và nếu trạng thái thoát là không, thì\n"
" thực thi danh sách “then LỆNH” tương ứng và hoàn tất lệnh\n"
msgstr ""
"Thực thi lệnh chừng nào phép thử còn thành công.\n"
"\n"
-" Khai triển và thực thi CÁC;CÂU;LỆNH chừng nào lệnh cuối cùng trong "
-"“while” LỆNH\n"
+" Khai triển và thực thi CÁC;CÂU;LỆNH chừng nào lệnh cuối cùng trong “while” LỆNH\n"
" có trạng thái thoát là không.\n"
"\n"
" Trạng thái thoát:\n"
msgstr ""
"Thực thi lệnh chừng nào phép thử vẫn không thành công.\n"
"\n"
-" Khai triển và thực thi CÁC;CÂU;LỆNH chừng nào lệnh cuối cùng trong "
-"“until” LỆNH\n"
+" Khai triển và thực thi CÁC;CÂU;LỆNH chừng nào lệnh cuối cùng trong “until” LỆNH\n"
" có trạng thái thoát là khác không.\n"
"\n"
" Trạng thái thoát:\n"
"Tạo tiến trình phụ tên TÊN.\n"
"\n"
" Thực hiện LỆNH không đồng bộ có đầu vào/ra chuẩn nối đến ống dẫn\n"
-" của bộ mô tả tập tin chỉ số 0 và 1 trong biến mảng TÊN trong shell\n"
+" của bộ mô tả tập tin chỉ số 0 và 1 trong biến mảng TÊN trong hệ vỏ\n"
" được thực thi. TÊN mặc định là \"COPROC\".\n"
"\n"
" Trạng thái thoát:\n"
"Define shell function.\n"
" \n"
" Create a shell function named NAME. When invoked as a simple command,\n"
-" NAME runs COMMANDs in the calling shell's context. When NAME is "
-"invoked,\n"
+" NAME runs COMMANDs in the calling shell's context. When NAME is invoked,\n"
" the arguments are passed to the function as $1...$n, and the function's\n"
" name is in $FUNCNAME.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless NAME is readonly."
msgstr ""
-"Định nghĩa hàm shell.\n"
+"Định nghĩa hàm hệ vỏ.\n"
"\n"
-" Tạo hàm shell tên TÊN. Khi được gọi dưới dạng một câu lệnh đơn\n"
-" giản, TÊN chạy LỆNH trong ngữ cảnh của shell gọi. Khi TÊN được\n"
+" Tạo hàm hệ vỏ tên TÊN. Khi được gọi dưới dạng một câu lệnh đơn\n"
+" giản, TÊN chạy LỆNH trong ngữ cảnh của hệ vỏ gọi. Khi TÊN được\n"
" gọi, các đối số được gửi cho hàm dạng $1...$n, và tên hàm nằm\n"
" trong $FUNCNAME.\n"
"\n"
msgid ""
"Execute conditional command.\n"
" \n"
-" Returns a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the "
-"conditional\n"
-" expression EXPRESSION. Expressions are composed of the same primaries "
-"used\n"
-" by the `test' builtin, and may be combined using the following "
-"operators:\n"
+" Returns a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the conditional\n"
+" expression EXPRESSION. Expressions are composed of the same primaries used\n"
+" by the `test' builtin, and may be combined using the following operators:\n"
" \n"
" ( EXPRESSION )\tReturns the value of EXPRESSION\n"
" ! EXPRESSION\t\tTrue if EXPRESSION is false; else false\n"
" ( BTHỨC )\t\tTrả về giá trị của BTHỨC\n"
" ! BTHỨC\t\tĐúng nếu BTHỨC là không đúng. Ngược lại sai\n"
" BTHỨC1 && BTHỨC2\tĐúng nếu cả hai biểu thức đều đúng. Ngược lại sai.\n"
-" BTHỨC1 || BTHỨC2\tĐúng nếu một trong hai biểu thức đúng. Ngược lại "
-"sai.\n"
+" BTHỨC1 || BTHỨC2\tĐúng nếu một trong hai biểu thức đúng. Ngược lại sai.\n"
" \n"
" Khi dùng toán từ “==” và “!=”, chuỗi bên phải toán tử được dùng\n"
" làm mẫu, và thực hiện khớp mẫu. Khi dùng toán tử “=~”, chuỗi bên\n"
" HISTIGNORE\tA colon-separated list of patterns used to decide which\n"
" \t\tcommands should be saved on the history list.\n"
msgstr ""
-"Tên và cách dùng các biến shell thường dùng.\n"
+"Tên và cách dùng các biến hệ vỏ thường dùng.\n"
"\n"
" BASH_VERSION\n"
" \tThông tin phiên bản của Bash đang chạy.\n"
" HISTFILE\tTên tập tin chứa lịch sử câu lệnh của bạn.\n"
" HISTFILESIZE\n"
" \tSố dòng tối đa tập tin này có thể chứa.\n"
-" HISTSIZE\tSố dòng tối đa mà shell đang chạy có thể truy cập.\n"
+" HISTSIZE\tSố dòng tối đa mà hệ vỏ đang chạy có thể truy cập.\n"
" HOME\tTên đường dẫn đầy đủ của thư mục đăng nhập của bạn.\n"
" HOSTNAME\tTên của máy hiện thời của bạn.\n"
" HOSTTYPE\tLoại CPU phiên bản Bash này đang chạy.\n"
-" IGNOREEOF\tĐiều khiển hành vi shell khi nhận EOF là dữ liệu nhập\n"
+" IGNOREEOF\tĐiều khiển hành vi hệ vỏ khi nhận EOF là dữ liệu nhập\n"
" \tduy nhất. Đặt thì giá trị của nó là EOF có thể gặp\n"
-" \tliên tục trên một dòng rỗng trước khi shell kết thúc\n"
+" \tliên tục trên một dòng rỗng trước khi hệ vỏ kết thúc\n"
" \t(mặc định là 10). Không đặt thì EOF nghĩa là kết thúc\n"
" \tnhập.\n"
" MACHTYPE\tChuỗi mô tả hệ thống Bash đang chạy.\n"
" PS1\t\tChuỗi dấu nhắc chính.\n"
" PS2\t\tChuỗi dấu nhắc phụ.\n"
" PWD\t\tTên đường dẫn đầy đủ của thư mục hiện tại.\n"
-" SHELLOPTS\tDanh sách tùy chọn shell được bật cách nhau bằng\n"
+" SHELLOPTS\tDanh sách tùy chọn hệ vỏ được bật cách nhau bằng\n"
" \tdấu hai chấm.\n"
" TERM\tTên kiểu thiết bị cuối hiện thời.\n"
" TIMEFORMAT\tĐịnh dạng kết xuất cho thống kê thời gian của lệnh “time”.\n"
" \twith its position in the stack\n"
" \n"
" Arguments:\n"
-" +N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown "
-"by\n"
+" +N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown by\n"
" \tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.\n"
" \n"
-" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown "
-"by\n"
+" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown by\n"
" \tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
"Set and unset shell options.\n"
" \n"
" Change the setting of each shell option OPTNAME. Without any option\n"
-" arguments, list all shell options with an indication of whether or not "
-"each\n"
+" arguments, list all shell options with an indication of whether or not each\n"
" is set.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" Returns success if OPTNAME is enabled; fails if an invalid option is\n"
" given or OPTNAME is disabled."
msgstr ""
-"Đặt và bỏ các tùy chọn shell.\n"
+"Đặt và bỏ các tùy chọn hệ vỏ.\n"
" \n"
-" Thay đổi thiết lập của mỗi tùy chọn shell TÊN_TÙY_CHỌN. Không có\n"
-" đối số tùy chọn thì liệt kê tất cả các tùy chọn shell kèm chỉ dẫn\n"
+" Thay đổi thiết lập của mỗi tùy chọn hệ vỏ TÊN_TÙY_CHỌN. Không có\n"
+" đối số tùy chọn thì liệt kê tất cả các tùy chọn hệ vỏ kèm chỉ dẫn\n"
" tùy chọn được đặt hay không.\n"
" \n"
" Tùy chọn:\n"
" -o\thạn chế TÊN_TÙY_CHỌN những tên được định nghĩa\n"
" \tđể sử dụng với “set -o”\n"
-" -p\tin mỗi tùy chọn shell kèm trạng thái\n"
+" -p\tin mỗi tùy chọn hệ vỏ kèm trạng thái\n"
" -q\tngăn kết xuất\n"
" -u\ttắt TÊN_TÙY_CHỌN\n"
" \n"
" -v var\tassign the output to shell variable VAR rather than\n"
" \t\tdisplay it on the standard output\n"
" \n"
-" FORMAT is a character string which contains three types of objects: "
-"plain\n"
-" characters, which are simply copied to standard output; character "
-"escape\n"
+" FORMAT is a character string which contains three types of objects: plain\n"
+" characters, which are simply copied to standard output; character escape\n"
" sequences, which are converted and copied to the standard output; and\n"
-" format specifications, each of which causes printing of the next "
-"successive\n"
+" format specifications, each of which causes printing of the next successive\n"
" argument.\n"
" \n"
-" In addition to the standard format specifications described in "
-"printf(1),\n"
+" In addition to the standard format specifications described in printf(1),\n"
" printf interprets:\n"
" \n"
" %b\texpand backslash escape sequences in the corresponding argument\n"
" %q\tquote the argument in a way that can be reused as shell input\n"
-" %(fmt)T output the date-time string resulting from using FMT as a "
-"format\n"
+" %(fmt)T output the date-time string resulting from using FMT as a format\n"
" string for strftime(3)\n"
" \n"
" The format is re-used as necessary to consume all of the arguments. If\n"
" there are fewer arguments than the format requires, extra format\n"
-" specifications behave as if a zero value or null string, as "
-"appropriate,\n"
+" specifications behave as if a zero value or null string, as appropriate,\n"
" had been supplied.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or a write or "
-"assignment\n"
+" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or a write or assignment\n"
" error occurs."
msgstr ""
"Định dạng và in ĐỐI-SỐ theo điều khiển của ĐỊNH_DẠNG.\n"
" \n"
" Tùy chọn:\n"
-" -v BIẾN\tgán kết xuất cho biến shell này thay vì\n"
+" -v BIẾN\tgán kết xuất cho biến hệ vỏ này thay vì\n"
" \thiển thị nó trên đầu ra chuẩn\n"
" \n"
" ĐỊNH_DẠNG là chuỗi ký tự mà chứa ba kiểu đối tượng: ký tự bình\n"
" thường, cái này được chép ra đầu ra chuẩn; dãy ký tự thoát, dùng để\n"
-" chuyển đổi sau đó sao chép sang đầu ra chuẩn; và các ký hiệu đặc tả định "
-"dạng,\n"
+" chuyển đổi sau đó sao chép sang đầu ra chuẩn; và các ký hiệu đặc tả định dạng,\n"
" mỗi đặc tả này tác động lên đối số tương ứng.\n"
" \n"
" Ngoài đặc tả định dạng chuẩn được dùng trong printf(1) và printf(3),\n"
" printf được hiểu những đặc tả sau:\n"
" \n"
" %b\tbung dãy thoát gạch chéo ngược trong đối số tương ứng\n"
-" %q\ttrích dẫn đối số theo cách dùng lại làm dữ liệu đầu vào shell\n"
+" %q\ttrích dẫn đối số theo cách dùng lại làm dữ liệu đầu vào hệ vỏ\n"
" %(fmt)T\txuất chuỗi ngày tháng theo định dạng FMT từ strftime(3)\n"
" \n"
" Định dạng được dùng lại để có thể dùng hết đối số. Nếu\n"
msgid ""
"Specify how arguments are to be completed by Readline.\n"
" \n"
-" For each NAME, specify how arguments are to be completed. If no "
-"options\n"
-" are supplied, existing completion specifications are printed in a way "
-"that\n"
+" For each NAME, specify how arguments are to be completed. If no options\n"
+" are supplied, existing completion specifications are printed in a way that\n"
" allows them to be reused as input.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or an error occurs."
msgstr ""
-"Xác định cách hoàn thiện đối số bằng Readline.\n"
+"Chỉ định cách tự hoàn thiện đối số bằng Readline.\n"
"\n"
-" Đối với mỗi TÊN, ghi rõ các đối số sẽ được điền nốt như thế nào.\n"
-" Không đưa ra tùy chọn thì in ra các đặc tả điền nốt bằng một cách\n"
+" Đối với mỗi TÊN, ghi rõ các đối số sẽ được tự hoàn thiện như thế nào.\n"
+" Không đưa ra tùy chọn thì in ra các đặc tả tự hoàn thiện bằng một cách\n"
" cho phép dùng lại đặc tả làm dữ liệu nhập vào.\n"
"\n"
" Tùy chọn:\n"
-" -p\tin đặc tả điền nốt đã tồn tại theo định dạng dùng lại được\n"
-" -r\tgỡ bỏ đặc tả điền nốt cho mỗi TÊN,\n"
-" \thoặc nếu có TÊN thì gỡ bỏ tất cả các đặc tả điền nốt\n"
+" -p\tin đặc tả tự hoàn thiện đã tồn tại theo định dạng dùng lại được\n"
+" -r\tgỡ bỏ đặc tả tự hoàn thiện cho mỗi TÊN,\n"
+" \thoặc nếu có TÊN thì gỡ bỏ tất cả các đặc tả tự hoàn thiện\n"
" -D\táp dụng các sự hoàn thành và hành động làm mặc định\n"
"\t\tcho câu lệnh mà không xác định sự hoàn thành riêng\n"
" -E\táp dụng các sự hoàn thành và hành động cho câu lệnh “trống”\n"
"\t\t(empty) -- thử hoàn thành trên dòng trắng\n"
"\n"
-" Khi chức năng điền nốt được thử, những hành động được làm theo thứ\n"
-" tự của những tùy chọn chữ hoa bên trên.\n"
+" Khi chức năng tự hoàn thiện được thử, những hành động được làm theo thứ\n"
+" tự của những tùy chọn chữ HOA bên trên.\n"
"\n"
" Trạng thái thoát:\n"
" Trả lại thành công nếu không đưa ra tùy chọn sai hay gặp lỗi."
"Display possible completions depending on the options.\n"
" \n"
" Intended to be used from within a shell function generating possible\n"
-" completions. If the optional WORD argument is supplied, matches "
-"against\n"
+" completions. If the optional WORD argument is supplied, matches against\n"
" WORD are generated.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
msgstr ""
"Hiển thị từ gợi ý có thể phụ thuộc vào các tùy chọn.\n"
" \n"
-" Dự định dùng từ bên trong một chức năng shell mà tạo các việc\n"
-" điền nốt có thể làm. Nếu đưa ra đối số TỪ vẫn tùy chọn, thì tạo\n"
+" Dự định dùng từ bên trong một chức năng hệ vỏ mà tạo các việc\n"
+" tự hoàn thiện có thể làm. Nếu đưa ra đối số TỪ vẫn tùy chọn, thì tạo\n"
" các kết quả tương ứng với TỪ.\n"
" \n"
" Trạng thái thoát:\n"
msgid ""
"Modify or display completion options.\n"
" \n"
-" Modify the completion options for each NAME, or, if no NAMEs are "
-"supplied,\n"
-" the completion currently being executed. If no OPTIONs are given, "
-"print\n"
-" the completion options for each NAME or the current completion "
-"specification.\n"
+" Modify the completion options for each NAME, or, if no NAMEs are supplied,\n"
+" the completion currently being executed. If no OPTIONs are given, print\n"
+" the completion options for each NAME or the current completion specification.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" \t-o option\tSet completion option OPTION for each NAME\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or NAME does not\n"
" have a completion specification defined."
msgstr ""
-"Sửa đổi hoặc hiển thị các tùy chọn điền nốt.\n"
+"Sửa đổi hoặc hiển thị các tùy chọn tự hoàn thiện.\n"
"\n"
-" Sửa đổi các tùy chọn điền nốt đối với mỗi TÊN, hoặc nếu không đưa\n"
-" ra TÊN thì chức năng điền nốt hiện tại sẽ được thi hành, nếu không\n"
-" TÙY_CHỌN được chỉ ra, in ra các tùy chọn điền nốt cho mỗi TÊN hay\n"
+" Sửa đổi các tùy chọn tự hoàn thiện đối với mỗi TÊN, hoặc nếu không đưa\n"
+" ra TÊN thì chức năng tự hoàn thiện hiện tại sẽ được thi hành, nếu không\n"
+" TÙY_CHỌN được chỉ ra, in ra các tùy chọn tự hoàn thiện cho mỗi TÊN hay\n"
" các đặc tính kỹ thuật hiện có\n"
"\n"
" Tùy chọn:\n"
-" -o tùy_chọn\tđặt TÙY_CHỌN điền nốt này đối với mỗi TÊN\n"
-" -D\t\tSửa TÙY_CHỌN về điền nốt lệnh “default”\n"
-" -E\t\tSửa TÙY_CHỌN về điền nốt lệnh “empty”\n"
+" -o tùy_chọn\tđặt TÙY_CHỌN tự hoàn thiện này đối với mỗi TÊN\n"
+" -D\t\tSửa TÙY_CHỌN về tự hoàn thiện lệnh “default”\n"
+" -E\t\tSửa TÙY_CHỌN về tự hoàn thiện lệnh “empty”\n"
"\n"
" Dùng “+o” thay cho “-o” thì tắt tùy chọn đưa ra.\n"
"\n"
" Đối số:\n"
"\n"
-" Mỗi TÊN tham chiếu đến một câu lệnh cho đó một đặc tả điền nốt\n"
+" Mỗi TÊN tham chiếu đến một câu lệnh cho đó một đặc tả tự hoàn thiện\n"
" phải được xác định trước dùng dựng sẵn “complete”. Nếu không đưa\n"
" ra TÊN để áp dụng, thì “compopt” phải được gọi bởi một hàm đang\n"
-" tạo việc điền nốt, và các tùy chọn về hàm tạo việc điền nốt đang\n"
+" tạo việc tự hoàn thiện, và các tùy chọn về hàm tạo việc tự hoàn thiện đang\n"
" chạy cũng được sửa đổi.\n"
"\n"
" Trạng thái thoát:\n"
" Trả lại thành công trừ phi đưa ra tùy chọn sai, hoặc TÊN có một\n"
-" đặc tả điền nốt được xác định."
+" đặc tả tự hoàn thiện được xác định."
#: builtins.c:2015
msgid ""
"Read lines from the standard input into an indexed array variable.\n"
" \n"
-" Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable "
-"ARRAY, or\n"
-" from file descriptor FD if the -u option is supplied. The variable "
-"MAPFILE\n"
+" Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable ARRAY, or\n"
+" from file descriptor FD if the -u option is supplied. The variable MAPFILE\n"
" is the default ARRAY.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
-" -n count\tCopy at most COUNT lines. If COUNT is 0, all lines are "
-"copied.\n"
-" -O origin\tBegin assigning to ARRAY at index ORIGIN. The default "
-"index is 0.\n"
+" -n count\tCopy at most COUNT lines. If COUNT is 0, all lines are copied.\n"
+" -O origin\tBegin assigning to ARRAY at index ORIGIN. The default index is 0.\n"
" -s count \tDiscard the first COUNT lines read.\n"
" -t\t\tRemove a trailing newline from each line read.\n"
-" -u fd\t\tRead lines from file descriptor FD instead of the standard "
-"input.\n"
+" -u fd\t\tRead lines from file descriptor FD instead of the standard input.\n"
" -C callback\tEvaluate CALLBACK each time QUANTUM lines are read.\n"
-" -c quantum\tSpecify the number of lines read between each call to "
-"CALLBACK.\n"
+" -c quantum\tSpecify the number of lines read between each call to CALLBACK.\n"
" \n"
" Arguments:\n"
" ARRAY\t\tArray variable name to use for file data.\n"
" element to be assigned and the line to be assigned to that element\n"
" as additional arguments.\n"
" \n"
-" If not supplied with an explicit origin, mapfile will clear ARRAY "
-"before\n"
+" If not supplied with an explicit origin, mapfile will clear ARRAY before\n"
" assigning to it.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or ARRAY is readonly "
-"or\n"
+" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or ARRAY is readonly or\n"
" not an indexed array."
msgstr ""
"Đọc các dòng từ đầu vào tiêu chuẩn vào một biến mảng chỉ số.\n"
" định.\n"
"\n"
" Tùy chọn:\n"
-" -n SỐ\tsao chép nhiều nhất SỐ dòng. Nếu SỐ là 0 thì sao chép mọi "
-"dòng.\n"
+" -n SỐ\tsao chép nhiều nhất SỐ dòng. Nếu SỐ là 0 thì sao chép mọi dòng.\n"
" -O GỐC\tbắt đầu gán cho MẢNG ở chỉ số GỐC. Chỉ số mặc định là 0.\n"
" -s SỐ\tbỏ qua SỐ dòng đầu tiên được đọc.\n"
" -t\tgỡ bỏ một ký tự dòng mới theo sau khỏi mỗi dòng được đọc.\n"
-" -u FD\tđọc các dòng từ bộ mô tả tập tin FD thay vào từ đầu vào tiêu "
-"chuẩn.\n"
+" -u FD\tđọc các dòng từ bộ mô tả tập tin FD thay vào từ đầu vào tiêu chuẩn.\n"
" -C GỌI_NGƯỢC\tđịnh giá GỌI_NGƯỢC mỗi lần đọc LƯỢNG dòng.\n"
-" -c LƯỢNG\tghi rõ số các dòng được đọc giữa hai lần gọi GỌI_NGƯỢC.\n"
+" -c LƯỢNG\tghi rõ số các dòng được đọc giữa hai lần GỌI_NGƯỢC.\n"
"\n"
" Đối số:\n"
" MẢNG\ttên biến mảng cần dùng cho dữ liệu tập tin.\n"
#~ msgid "Copyright (C) 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\n"
#~ msgstr "Tác quyền (C) năm 2009 của Tổ chức Phần mềm Tự do.\n"
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "License GPLv2+: GNU GPL version 2 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl."
-#~ "html>\n"
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "Giấy phép GPLv2+: GNU GPL phiên bản 2 hoặc mới hơn <http://gnu.org/"
-#~ "licenses/gpl.html>\n"
+#~ msgid "License GPLv2+: GNU GPL version 2 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>\n"
+#~ msgstr "Giấy phép GPLv2+: GNU GPL phiên bản 2 hoặc mới hơn <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>\n"
#~ msgid ""
#~ ". With EXPR, returns\n"
#~ "; this extra information can be used to\n"
#~ " provide a stack trace.\n"
#~ " \n"
-#~ " The value of EXPR indicates how many call frames to go back before "
-#~ "the\n"
+#~ " The value of EXPR indicates how many call frames to go back before the\n"
#~ " current one; the top frame is frame 0."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "; thông tin thêm này có thể được sử dụng\n"
SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_MAJOR)$(SHLIB_MINOR).$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF)'
SHLIB_LIBSUFF='dylib'
+ # unused at this time
+ SHLIB_SONAME='$(libdir)/`echo $@ | sed "s:\\..*::"`.$(SHLIB_MAJOR).$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF)'
+
case "${host_os}" in
# Darwin versions 1, 5, 6, 7 correspond to Mac OS X 10.0, 10.1, 10.2,
# and 10.3, respectively.
darwin[1-7].*)
SHOBJ_STATUS=unsupported
SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-dynamic'
- SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-arch_only `/usr/bin/arch` -install_name $(libdir)/$@ -current_version $(SHLIB_MAJOR)$(SHLIB_MINOR) -compatibility_version $(SHLIB_MAJOR) -v'
+ SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-arch_only `/usr/bin/arch` -install_name $(libdir)/`echo $@ | sed "s:\\..*::"`.$(SHLIB_MAJOR).$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF) -current_version $(SHLIB_MAJOR)$(SHLIB_MINOR) -compatibility_version $(SHLIB_MAJOR) -v'
;;
# Darwin 8 == Mac OS X 10.4; Mac OS X 10.N == Darwin N+4
*)
SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-dynamiclib -dynamic -undefined dynamic_lookup -arch_only `/usr/bin/arch`'
- SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-dynamiclib -arch_only `/usr/bin/arch` -install_name $(libdir)/$@ -current_version $(SHLIB_MAJOR)$(SHLIB_MINOR) -compatibility_version $(SHLIB_MAJOR) -v'
+ SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-dynamiclib -arch_only `/usr/bin/arch` -install_name $(libdir)/`echo $@ | sed "s:\\..*::"`.$(SHLIB_MAJOR).$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF) -current_version $(SHLIB_MAJOR)$(SHLIB_MINOR) -compatibility_version $(SHLIB_MAJOR) -v'
;;
esac
[[ x =~ $'\\'x ]] ; echo $?
[[ x =~ '\'x ]] ; echo $?
+v='a\-b'
+[[ a-b =~ ${v} ]] ; echo $?
+[[ a-b =~ a\-b ]]; echo $?
+[[ a-b =~ a${bs}-b ]]; echo $?
+[[ a-b =~ a\\-b ]] ; echo $?
+[[ a-b =~ "a\-b" ]] ; echo $?
+
c=$'\001'
recho $c "$c"
1
1
[[ $'\001' =~ $'\001' ]] -> 0
-[[ $'\001' =~ $'\\\001' ]] -> 1
+[[ $'\001' =~ $'\\\001' ]] -> 0
[[ $'\001' =~ $'\\[\001]' ]] -> 1
---
[[ $'\a' =~ $'\a' ]] -> 0
-[[ $'\a' =~ $'\\\a' ]] -> 1
+[[ $'\a' =~ $'\\\a' ]] -> 0
[[ $'\a' =~ $'\\[\a]' ]] -> 1
---
[[ $'\177' =~ $'\177' ]] -> 0
-[[ $'\177' =~ $'\\\177' ]] -> 1
+[[ $'\177' =~ $'\\\177' ]] -> 0
[[ $'\177' =~ $'\\[\177]' ]] -> 1
---
0
1
0
1
+0
+1
1
+0
+0
+0
1
1
argv[1] = <^A>
after f
./errors2.sub: line 3: ${$NO_SUCH_VAR}: bad substitution
1
-./errors.tests: line 270: `!!': not a valid identifier
+./errors3.sub: line 5: no_such_file: No such file or directory
+TEST
+./errors3.sub: line 7: no_such_file: No such file or directory
+./errors.tests: line 271: `!!': not a valid identifier
${THIS_SH} ./errors1.sub
${THIS_SH} ./errors2.sub
+${THIS_SH} ./errors3.sub
# this must be last!
# in posix mode, a function name must be a valid identifier
--- /dev/null
+# redirection errors with special builtins should exit the shell when in
+# Posix mode, not otherwise; being on the LHS of || or && should not make
+# a difference
+
+exec 9<no_such_file || echo TEST
+set -o posix
+exec 9<no_such_file || echo TEST
projects / thirdparty / bash.git / commitdiff
