builtins/history.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
builtins/jobs.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
builtins/kill.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/mapfile.def Rocky Bernstein
builtins/mkbuiltins.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
builtins/pushd.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
builtins/read.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
--- /dev/null
+#
+# Master author manifest for bash
+#
+# The files in lib/intl were taken from the GNU gettext distribution.
+#
+# Any files appearing in the bash distribution not listed in this file
+# were created by Chet Ramey.
+#
+# Filename authors (first is original author)
+#
+README Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+INSTALL Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+COPYING Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+MANIFEST Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+configure Chet Ramey
+Makefile.in Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+configure.in Chet Ramey
+aclocal.m4 Chet Ramey
+config.h.top Chet Ramey
+config.h.bot Chet Ramey
+config.h.in Chet Ramey
+array.c Chet Ramey
+print_cmd.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+general.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+variables.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+make_cmd.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+copy_cmd.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+unwind_prot.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+dispose_cmd.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+getcwd.c Roland McGrath, Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+bashhist.c Chet Ramey
+hash.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+parse.y Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+subst.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+shell.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+sig.c Chet Ramey
+trap.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+siglist.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+version.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+flags.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+jobs.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+input.c Chet Ramey
+mailcheck.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+pathexp.c Chet Ramey
+test.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+expr.c Chet Ramey, Brian Fox
+alias.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+execute_cmd.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+bashline.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+braces.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+bracecomp.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey, Tom Tromey
+nojobs.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+vprint.c Chet Ramey
+oslib.c Chet Ramey
+error.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+xmalloc.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+alias.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+array.h Chet Ramey
+builtins.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+parser.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+variables.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+machines.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+jobs.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+maxpath.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+pathexp.h Chet Ramey
+mailcheck.h Chet Ramey
+filecntl.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+hash.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+quit.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+flags.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+shell.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+bashjmp.h Chet Ramey
+sig.h Chet Ramey
+trap.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+general.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+unwind_prot.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+input.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+error.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+command.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+externs.h Chet Ramey
+siglist.h Chet Ramey
+subst.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+dispose_cmd.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+bashansi.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+make_cmd.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+bashhist.h Chet Ramey
+bashline.h Chet Ramey
+execute_cmd.h Chet Ramey
+bashtypes.h Chet Ramey
+bashtty.h Chet Ramey
+pathnames.h Chet Ramey
+y.tab.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+y.tab.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+parser-built Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+posixstat.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+stdc.h Chet Ramey
+ansi_stdlib.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+memalloc.h Chet Ramey
+builtins/ChangeLog Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/Makefile.in Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/alias.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/bind.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/break.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/builtin.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/caller.def Rocky Bernstein, Chet Ramey
+builtins/cd.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/colon.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/command.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/common.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/declare.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/echo.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/enable.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/eval.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/exec.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/exit.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/fc.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/fg_bg.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/getopt.c Roland McGrath, Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/getopt.h Roland McGrath, Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/getopts.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/hash.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/hashcom.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/help.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/let.def Chet Ramey, Brian Fox
+builtins/history.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/jobs.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/kill.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/mkbuiltins.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/pushd.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/read.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/reserved.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/return.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/set.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/setattr.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/shift.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/shopt.def Chet Ramey
+builtins/source.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/suspend.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/test.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/times.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/trap.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/type.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/ulimit.def Chet Ramey, Brian Fox
+builtins/umask.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/wait.def Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+builtins/psize.c Chet Ramey, Brian Fox
+builtins/psize.sh Chet Ramey, Brian Fox
+builtins/inlib.def Chet Ramey
+builtins/bashgetopt.c Chet Ramey
+builtins/common.h Chet Ramey
+builtins/bashgetopt.h Chet Ramey
+lib/doc-support/texindex.c bug-texinfo@prep.ai.mit.edu, Chet Ramey
+lib/doc-support/Makefile.in Chet Ramey
+lib/doc-support/getopt.h Roland McGrath
+lib/doc-support/getopt.c Roland McGrath
+lib/doc-support/getopt1.c Roland McGrath
+lib/glob/ChangeLog Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/glob/Makefile.in Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/glob/strmatch.c Roland McGrath, Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/glob/strmatch.h Roland McGrath, Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/glob/glob.c Richard Stallman, Roland McGrath, Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/glob/glob.h Chet Ramey
+lib/glob/ndir.h Doug Gwyn, Richard Stallman
+lib/glob/doc/Makefile.in Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/glob/doc/glob.texi Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/malloc/Makefile.in Chet Ramey
+lib/malloc/alloca.c Doug Gwyn, Richard Stallman, Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/malloc/getpagesize.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/malloc/malloc.c Chris Kingsley, Mike Muuss, Richard Stallman, Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/malloc/gmalloc.c Mike Haertel, Roland McGrath
+lib/malloc/stub.c Chet Ramey
+lib/malloc/i386-alloca.s Richard Stallman
+lib/malloc/x386-alloca.s Chip Salzenberg, Richard Stallman
+lib/malloc/xmalloc.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/posixheaders/posixstat.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/posixheaders/ansi_stdlib.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/posixheaders/stdc.h Chet Ramey
+lib/posixheaders/memalloc.h Chet Ramey
+lib/posixheaders/filecntl.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/Makefile.in Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/COPYING Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/ChangeLog Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/readline.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/vi_mode.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/emacs_keymap.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/vi_keymap.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/funmap.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/keymaps.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/xmalloc.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/search.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/isearch.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/parens.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/rltty.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/complete.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/bind.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/display.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/signals.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/kill.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/undo.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/input.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/macro.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/util.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/callback.c Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/readline.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/chardefs.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/keymaps.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/rldefs.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/posixstat.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/ansi_stdlib.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/memalloc.h Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/rlconf.h Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/rltty.h Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/history.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/histexpand.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/histfile.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/histsearch.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/history.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/histlib.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/tilde.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/tilde.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/doc/texindex.c bug-texinfo@prep.ai.mit.edu, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/doc/Makefile Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/doc/rlman.texinfo Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/doc/rltech.texinfo Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/doc/rluser.texinfo Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/doc/hist.texinfo Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/doc/hstech.texinfo Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/doc/hsuser.texinfo Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/examples/Makefile Brian Fox
+lib/readline/examples/fileman.c Brian Fox
+lib/readline/examples/manexamp.c Brian Fox
+lib/readline/examples/histexamp.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/examples/rltest.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/readline/examples/Inputrc Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/termcap/Makefile.in David MacKenzie, Chet Ramey
+lib/termcap/termcap.c David MacKenzie
+lib/termcap/termcap.h David MacKenzie
+lib/termcap/tparam.c David MacKenzie
+lib/termcap/version.c David MacKenzie
+lib/termcap/grot/termcap.info David MacKenzie
+lib/termcap/grot/termcap.info-1 David MacKenzie
+lib/termcap/grot/termcap.info-2 David MacKenzie
+lib/termcap/grot/termcap.info-3 David MacKenzie
+lib/termcap/grot/termcap.info-4 David MacKenzie
+lib/termcap/grot/NEWS David MacKenzie
+lib/termcap/grot/INSTALL David MacKenzie
+lib/termcap/grot/ChangeLog David MacKenzie
+lib/termcap/grot/texinfo.tex David MacKenzie
+lib/termcap/grot/termcap.texi David MacKenzie
+lib/termcap/grot/Makefile.in David MacKenzie
+lib/termcap/grot/configure David MacKenzie
+lib/termcap/grot/configure.in David MacKenzie
+lib/termcap/grot/COPYING David MacKenzie
+lib/termcap/grot/README David MacKenzie
+lib/tilde/ChangeLog Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/tilde/Makefile.in Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/tilde/doc/tilde.texi Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/tilde/doc/Makefile Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/tilde/tilde.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/tilde/tilde.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+lib/tilde/memalloc.h Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+CWRU/misc/open-files.c Chet Ramey
+CWRU/misc/sigs.c Chet Ramey
+CWRU/misc/pid.c Chet Ramey
+CWRU/misc/sigstat.c Chet Ramey
+CWRU/misc/bison Chet Ramey
+CWRU/misc/aux-machine-desc Chet Ramey
+CWRU/PLATFORMS Chet Ramey
+CWRU/README Chet Ramey
+CWRU/CWRU.CHANGES.051093 Chet Ramey
+CWRU/POSIX.NOTES Chet Ramey
+CWRU/CWRU.CHANGES.071193 Chet Ramey
+CWRU/CWRU.CHANGES.090393 Chet Ramey
+doc/Makefile.in Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+doc/bash.1 Chet Ramey
+doc/builtins.1 Chet Ramey
+doc/bash.ps Chet Ramey
+doc/bash.txt Chet Ramey
+doc/readline.3 Chet Ramey
+doc/readline.ps Chet Ramey
+doc/readline.txt Chet Ramey
+doc/texinfo.tex Richard Stallman
+doc/features.texi Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+doc/features.ps Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+doc/features.info Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+doc/features.dvi Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+doc/bash_builtins.1 Chet Ramey
+doc/bash_builtins.ps Chet Ramey
+doc/bash_builtins.txt Chet Ramey
+doc/bash_builtins.readme Chet Ramey
+doc/article.ms Chet Ramey
+doc/FAQ Chet Ramey
+support/cat-s Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+support/mksysdefs Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+support/mkversion.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+support/mksignames.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+support/getcppsyms.c Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+support/cppmagic Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+support/pagesize.sh Chet Ramey, Brian Fox
+support/pagesize.c Chet Ramey, Brian Fox
+support/bash.xbm Brian Fox
+support/FAQ Brian Fox
+support/PORTING Brian Fox
+support/mklinks Brian Fox
+support/fixlinks Chet Ramey
+support/mkdirs Chet Ramey
+support/clone-bash Chet Ramey
+support/bashbug.sh Chet Ramey
+support/mkmachtype Chet Ramey
+support/recho.c Chet Ramey
+support/config.guess Per Bothner, Chet Ramey
+support/config.sub Richard Stallman, Chet Ramey
+support/install.sh MIT X Consortium (X11R5)
+support/endian.c Chet Ramey
+support/printenv Chet Ramey
+examples/precedence-tester Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+examples/functions/substr Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+examples/functions/kshenv Chet Ramey
+examples/functions/autoload Chet Ramey
+examples/functions/csh-compat Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+examples/functions/shcat Chet Ramey
+examples/functions/substr2 Chet Ramey
+examples/functions/term Chet Ramey
+examples/functions/whatis Chet Ramey
+examples/functions/whence Chet Ramey
+examples/functions/func Chet Ramey
+examples/functions/dirname Brian Fox, Noah Friedman
+examples/functions/basename Brian Fox, Noah Friedman
+examples/functions/exitstat Noah Friedman, Roland McGrath
+examples/functions/external Noah Friedman
+examples/functions/fact Brian Fox
+examples/functions/manpage Tom Tromey
+examples/functions/fstty Chet Ramey
+examples/functions/jj.bash Chet Ramey
+examples/functions/notify.bash Chet Ramey
+examples/scripts/shprompt Chet Ramey
+examples/scripts/adventure.sh Chet Ramey, Doug Gwyn
+examples/scripts/bcsh.sh Chris Robertson, Chet Ramey
+examples/startup-files/Bashrc Brian Fox
+examples/startup-files/Bash_aliases Brian Fox
+examples/startup-files/Bash_profile Brian Fox
+examples/startup-files/bash-profile Brian Fox
+examples/startup-files/bashrc Chet Ramey
+examples/suncmd.termcap Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+examples/alias-conv.sh Brian Fox, Chet Ramey
+tests/README Chet Ramey
+tests/arith.tests Chet Ramey
+tests/arith.right Chet Ramey
+tests/array.tests Chet Ramey
+tests/array.right Chet Ramey
+tests/dollar-at.sh Chet Ramey
+tests/dollar-star.sh Chet Ramey
+tests/dollar.right Chet Ramey
+tests/exp-tests Chet Ramey
+tests/exp.right Chet Ramey
+tests/glob-test Chet Ramey
+tests/glob.right Chet Ramey
+tests/ifs-test-1.sh Chet Ramey
+tests/ifs-test-2.sh Chet Ramey
+tests/ifs-test-3.sh Chet Ramey
+tests/ifs.1.right Chet Ramey
+tests/ifs.2.right Chet Ramey
+tests/ifs.3.right Chet Ramey
+tests/input-line.sh Chet Ramey
+tests/input-line.sub Chet Ramey
+tests/input.right Chet Ramey
+tests/minus-e Chet Ramey
+tests/minus-e.right Chet Ramey
+tests/new-exp.tests Chet Ramey
+tests/new-exp.right Chet Ramey
+tests/prec.right Chet Ramey
+tests/precedence Chet Ramey
+tests/run-all Chet Ramey
+tests/run-dollars Chet Ramey
+tests/run-exp-tests Chet Ramey
+tests/run-glob-test Chet Ramey
+tests/run-ifs-tests Chet Ramey
+tests/run-input-test Chet Ramey
+tests/run-minus-e Chet Ramey
+tests/run-new-exp Chet Ramey
+tests/run-precedence Chet Ramey
+tests/run-set-e-test Chet Ramey
+tests/run-strip Chet Ramey
+tests/run-varenv Chet Ramey
+tests/set-e-test Chet Ramey
+tests/set-e.right Chet Ramey
+tests/strip.tests Chet Ramey
+tests/strip.right Chet Ramey
+tests/tilde-tests Chet Ramey
+tests/tilde.right Chet Ramey
+tests/varenv.right Chet Ramey
+tests/varenv.sh Chet Ramey
+tests/misc/chld-trap.sh Chet Ramey
+tests/misc/dot-test-1.sh Chet Ramey
+tests/misc/dot-test-1.sub Chet Ramey
+tests/misc/gotest Chet Ramey
+tests/misc/perf-script Chet Ramey
+tests/misc/redir.t1.sh Chet Ramey
+tests/misc/redir.t2.sh Chet Ramey
+tests/misc/redir.t3.sh Chet Ramey
+tests/misc/redir.t3.sub Chet Ramey
+tests/misc/redir.t4.sh Chet Ramey
+tests/misc/run.r1.sh Chet Ramey
+tests/misc/run.r2.sh Chet Ramey
+tests/misc/run.r3.sh Chet Ramey
+tests/misc/sigint.t1.sh Chet Ramey
+tests/misc/sigint.t2.sh Chet Ramey
+tests/misc/sigint.t3.sh Chet Ramey
+tests/misc/sigint.t4.sh Chet Ramey
+tests/misc/test-minus-e.1 Chet Ramey
+tests/misc/test-minus-e.2 Chet Ramey
+lib/sh/Makefile.in Chet Ramey
+lib/sh/clktck.c Chet Ramey
+lib/sh/clock.c Chet Ramey
+lib/sh/fmtullong.c Chet Ramey
+lib/sh/fmtulong.c Chet Ramey
+lib/sh/getcwd.c Chet Ramey, Roland McGrath
+lib/sh/getenv.c Chet Ramey, Brian Fox
+lib/sh/inet_aton.c Chet Ramey, Ulrich Drepper, Paul Vixie
+lib/sh/itos.c Chet Ramey
+lib/sh/mailstat.c Chet Ramey
+lib/sh/makepath.c Chet Ramey
+lib/sh/mktime.c Chet Ramey, Paul Eggert
+lib/sh/netconn.c Chet Ramey
+lib/sh/netopen.c Chet Ramey
+lib/sh/oslib.c Chet Ramey, Brian Fox
+lib/sh/pathcanon.c Chet Ramey
+lib/sh/pathphys.c Chet Ramey
+lib/sh/rename.c Chet Ramey
+lib/sh/setlinebuf.c Chet Ramey, Brian Fox
+lib/sh/shquote.c Chet Ramey
+lib/sh/shtty.c Chet Ramey
+lib/sh/snprintf.c Chet Ramey, Unknown
+lib/sh/spell.c Chet Ramey
+lib/sh/strcasecmp.c Chet Ramey, Brian Fox
+lib/sh/strerror.c Chet Ramey, Brian Fox
+lib/sh/strftime.c Arnold Robbins
+lib/sh/strindex.c Chet Ramey
+lib/sh/stringlist.c Chet Ramey
+lib/sh/stringvec.c Chet Ramey
+lib/sh/strpbrk.c Roland McGrath
+lib/sh/strtod.c Chet Ramey, Roland McGrath
+lib/sh/strtoimax.c Chet Ramey, Paul Eggert
+lib/sh/strtol.c Chet Ramey, Paul Eggert
+lib/sh/strtoll.c Chet Ramey, Paul Eggert
+lib/sh/strtoul.c Chet Ramey, Paul Eggert
+lib/sh/strtoull.c Chet Ramey, Paul Eggert
+lib/sh/strtoumax.c Chet Ramey, Paul Eggert
+lib/sh/strtrans.c Chet Ramey
+lib/sh/times.c Chet Ramey, Brian Fox
+lib/sh/timeval.c Chet Ramey
+lib/sh/tmpfile.c Chet Ramey
+lib/sh/vprint.c Chet Ramey, Brian Fox
+lib/sh/xstrchr.c Chet Ramey, Mitsuru Chinen
+lib/sh/zread.c Chet Ramey
+lib/sh/zwrite.c Chet Ramey
+
+tests/posix-ifs.sh Glenn Fowler
- change cond_expand_word to translate SPECIAL==2 into passing
QGLOB_REGEXP to quote_string_for_globbing
+locale.c
+ - by default, if all else fails, set shell's idea of locale to ""
+ instead of its idea of `default_locale' -- the library functions
+ behave better with that value
+
2/2
---
builtins/printf.def
doc/bash.1,lib/readline/doc/{rluser.texi,readline.3}
- document new `history-size' settable readline variable
+
+ 4/8
+ ---
+builtins/complete.def
+ - change build_actions calling sequence to take a struct with `other'
+ (non-action) flag arguments (-p, -r)
+ - add support for `-E' option to build_actions and complete builtin --
+ modifies or displays (internal) `_EmptycmD_' completion spec
+
+bashline.c
+ - change attempt_shell_completion to try programmable completion on an
+ `empty' command line and return the results
+
+doc/bash.1,lib/readline/doc/rluser.texi
+ - documented new `-E' option to `complete'
+
+ 4/9
+ ---
+bashline.c
+ - new variable, `enable_history_list', used to reflect setting of
+ `-o history' option
+ - change bash_history_{enable,disable,reinit} to set enable_history_list
+ as well as remember_on_history
+
+builtins/set.def
+ - use `enable_history_list' instead of `remember_on_history' to keep
+ value of `-o history' option
+
+builtins/evalstring.c
+ - instead of unwind-protecting remember_on_history, use a function to
+ restore it to the value of `enable_history_list' after
+ parse_and_execute runs the commands in the string. This allows
+ history to be turned off in a startup file, for instance. Problem
+ reported by Dan Jacobson <jidanni@jidanni.org>
+
+ 4/11
+ ----
+bashline.c
+ - limited support for completing command words with globbing characters
+ (only a single match completed on TAB, absolute or relative
+ pathnames supported, no $PATH searching, some support for displaying
+ possible matches, can be used with menu completion).
+ Suggested by Harald Koenig <h.koenig@science-computing.de>
+
+print_cmd.c
+ - change redirection printing to output r_err_and_out as `&>file',
+ since the man page says that's the preferred form
+
+ 4/12
+ ----
+builtins/*.def
+ - change long doc so the first line is a short description
+ - add `Exit Status:' section to each longdoc describing exit values
+
+builtins/help.def
+ - new `-d' option to print short description of each utility
+ - new `-m' option to print description of each builtin in a
+ pseudo-manpage format (inspired by ksh93)
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - document new `-d' and `-m' options to `help'
+
+builtins/mapfile.def
+ - new builtin, `mapfile', imported from bash-4.0-devel branch
+
+tests/{mapfile.{data,right,tests},run-mapfile}
+ - tests for `mapfile' builtin
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - added description of `mapfile' builtin
+
+MANIFEST,Makefile.in,builtins/Makefile.in
+ - added entries for mapfile source files
+
+arrayfunc.[ch]
+ - new function, bind_array_element, to support mapfile builtin
doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- document new `-i text' option to read builtin
+
+ 4/7
+ ---
+lib/readline/bind.c
+ - new settable variable, `history-size', sets the max number of
+ entries in the history list
+
+doc/bash.1,lib/readline/doc/{rluser.texi,readline.3}
+ - document new `history-size' settable readline variable
+
+ 4/8
+ ---
+builtins/complete.def
+ - change build_actions calling sequence to take a struct with `other'
+ (non-action) flag arguments (-p, -r)
+ - add support for `-E' option to build_actions and complete builtin --
+ modifies or displays (internal) `_EmptycmD_' completion spec
+
+bashline.c
+ - change attempt_shell_completion to try programmable completion on an
+ `empty' command line and return the results
+
+doc/bash.1,lib/readline/doc/rluser.texi
+ - documented new `-E' option to `complete'
+
+ 4/9
+ ---
+bashline.c
+ - new variable, `enable_history_list', used to reflect setting of
+ `-o history' option
+ - change bash_history_{enable,disable,reinit} to set enable_history_list
+ as well as remember_on_history
+
+builtins/set.def
+ - use `enable_history_list' instead of `remember_on_history' to keep
+ value of `-o history' option
+
+builtins/evalstring.c
+ - instead of unwind-protecting remember_on_history, use a function to
+ restore it to the value of `enable_history_list' after
+ parse_and_execute runs the commands in the string. This allows
+ history to be turned off in a startup file, for instance. Problem
+ reported by Dan Jacobson <jidanni@jidanni.org>
+
+ 4/11
+ ----
+bashline.c
+ - limited support for completing command words with globbing characters
+ (only a single match completed on TAB, absolute or relative
+ pathnames supported, no $PATH searching, some support for displaying
+ possible matches, can be used with menu completion).
+ Suggested by Harald Koenig <h.koenig@science-computing.de>
+
+print_cmd.c
+ - change redirection printing to output r_err_and_out as `&>file',
+ since the man page says that's the preferred form
+
+ 4/12
+ ----
+builtins/*.def
+ - change long doc so the first line is a short description
+ - add `Exit Status:' section to each longdoc describing exit values
+
+builtins/help.def
+ - new `-d' option to print short description of each utility
+ - new `-m' option to print description of each builtin in a
+ pseudo-manpage format (inspired by ksh93)
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - document new `-d' and `-m' options to `help'
+
+builtins/mapfile.def
+ - new builtin, `mapfile', imported from bash-4.0-devel branch
+
+tests/{mapfile.{data,right,tests},run-mapfile}
+ - tests for `mapfile' builtin
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - added description of `mapfile' builtin
+
+MANIFEST,Makefile.in,builtins/Makefile.in
+ - added entries for mapfile source files
+
+arrayfunc.[ch]
+ - new function, bind_array_element, to support mapfile builtin
builtins/history.def f
builtins/jobs.def f
builtins/kill.def f
+builtins/mapfile.def f
builtins/mkbuiltins.c f
builtins/printf.def f
builtins/pushd.def f
tests/jobs3.sub f
tests/jobs4.sub f
tests/jobs.right f
+tests/mapfile.data f
+tests/mapfile.right f
+tests/mapfile.tests f
tests/more-exp.tests f
tests/more-exp.right f
tests/new-exp.tests f
tests/run-iquote f
tests/run-invert f
tests/run-jobs f
+tests/run-mapfile f
tests/run-more-exp f
tests/run-new-exp f
tests/run-nquote f
lib/readline/examples/rlcat.c f
lib/readline/examples/Inputrc f
lib/sh/Makefile.in f
+lib/sh/casemod.c f
lib/sh/clktck.c f
lib/sh/clock.c f
lib/sh/eaccess.c f
lib/sh/times.c f
lib/sh/timeval.c f
lib/sh/tmpfile.c f
+lib/sh/uconvert.c f
+lib/sh/ufuncs.c f
lib/sh/vprint.c f
lib/sh/wcsdup.c f
lib/sh/winsize.c f
-# Makefile for bash-3.1, version 2.159
+# Makefile for bash-4.0, version 3.4
#
-# Copyright (C) 1996-2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# Copyright (C) 1996-2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
$(DEFSRC)/times.def $(DEFSRC)/trap.def $(DEFSRC)/type.def \
$(DEFSRC)/ulimit.def $(DEFSRC)/umask.def $(DEFSRC)/wait.def \
$(DEFSRC)/getopts.def $(DEFSRC)/reserved.def \
- $(DEFSRC)/pushd.def $(DEFSRC)/shopt.def $(DEFSRC)/printf.def
+ $(DEFSRC)/pushd.def $(DEFSRC)/shopt.def $(DEFSRC)/printf.def \
+ $(DEFSRC)/mapfile.def
BUILTIN_C_SRC = $(DEFSRC)/mkbuiltins.c $(DEFSRC)/common.c \
$(DEFSRC)/evalstring.c $(DEFSRC)/evalfile.c \
$(DEFSRC)/bashgetopt.c $(GETOPT_SOURCE)
$(DEFDIR)/source.o $(DEFDIR)/suspend.o $(DEFDIR)/test.o \
$(DEFDIR)/times.o $(DEFDIR)/trap.o $(DEFDIR)/type.o \
$(DEFDIR)/ulimit.o $(DEFDIR)/umask.o $(DEFDIR)/wait.o \
- $(DEFDIR)/getopts.o $(BUILTIN_C_OBJ)
+ $(DEFDIR)/getopts.o $(DEFDIR)/mapfile.o $(BUILTIN_C_OBJ)
GETOPT_SOURCE = $(DEFSRC)/getopt.c $(DEFSRC)/getopt.h
PSIZE_SOURCE = $(DEFSRC)/psize.sh $(DEFSRC)/psize.c
builtins/complete.o: builtins.h
builtins/complete.o: pcomplete.h
builtins/complete.o: ${DEFSRC}/common.h ${DEFSRC}/bashgetopt.h
+builtins/mapfile.o: command.h config.h ${BASHINCDIR}/memalloc.h error.h general.h xmalloc.h ${BASHINCDIR}/maxpath.h
+builtins/mapfile.o: quit.h dispose_cmd.h make_cmd.h subst.h externs.h ${BASHINCDIR}/stdc.h
+builtins/mapfile.o: shell.h syntax.h bashjmp.h ${BASHINCDIR}/posixjmp.h sig.h unwind_prot.h variables.h arrayfunc.h conftypes.h
# libintl dependencies
builtins/bind.o: ${topdir}/bashintl.h ${LIBINTL_H} $(BASHINCDIR)/gettext.h
builtins/jobs.o: ${topdir}/bashintl.h ${LIBINTL_H} $(BASHINCDIR)/gettext.h
builtins/kill.o: ${topdir}/bashintl.h ${LIBINTL_H} $(BASHINCDIR)/gettext.h
builtins/let.o: ${topdir}/bashintl.h ${LIBINTL_H} $(BASHINCDIR)/gettext.h
+builtins/mapfile.o: ${topdir}/bashintl.h ${LIBINTL_H} $(BASHINCDIR)/gettext.h
builtins/mkbuiltins.o: ${topdir}/bashintl.h ${LIBINTL_H} $(BASHINCDIR)/gettext.h
builtins/printf.o: ${topdir}/bashintl.h ${LIBINTL_H} $(BASHINCDIR)/gettext.h
builtins/pushd.o: ${topdir}/bashintl.h ${LIBINTL_H} $(BASHINCDIR)/gettext.h
builtins/jobs.o: $(DEFSRC)/jobs.def
builtins/kill.o: $(DEFSRC)/kill.def
builtins/let.o: $(DEFSRC)/let.def
+builtins/mapfile.o: $(DEFSRC)/mapfile.def
builtins/pushd.o: $(DEFSRC)/pushd.def
builtins/read.o: $(DEFSRC)/read.def
builtins/reserved.o: $(DEFSRC)/reserved.def
${SH_LIBSRC}/strnlen.c ${SH_LIBSRC}/winsize.c \
${SH_LIBSRC}/eaccess.c ${SH_LIBSRC}/wcsdup.c \
${SH_LIBSRC}/zmapfd.c ${SH_LIBSRC}/fpurge.c \
- ${SH_LIBSRC}/zgetline.c ${SH_LIBSRC}/mbscmp.c
+ ${SH_LIBSRC}/zgetline.c ${SH_LIBSRC}/mbscmp.c \
+ ${SH_LIBSRC}/casemod.c ${SH_LIBSRC}/uconvert.c \
+ ${SH_LIBSRC}/ufuncs.c
SHLIB_LIB = -lsh
SHLIB_LIBNAME = libsh.a
return (bind_array_var_internal (entry, ind, value, flags));
}
+SHELL_VAR *
+bind_array_element (entry, ind, value, flags)
+ SHELL_VAR *entry;
+ arrayind_t ind;
+ char *value;
+ int flags;
+{
+ return (bind_array_var_internal (entry, ind, value, flags));
+}
+
/* Parse NAME, a lhs of an assignment statement of the form v[s], and
assign VALUE to that array element by calling bind_array_variable(). */
SHELL_VAR *
/* Return a string containing the elements in the array and subscript
described by S. If the subscript is * or @, obeys quoting rules akin
to the expansion of $* and $@ including double quoting. If RTYPE
- is non-null it gets 1 if the array reference is name[@] or name[*]
- and 0 otherwise. */
+ is non-null it gets 1 if the array reference is name[*], 2 if the
+ reference is name[@], and 0 otherwise. */
static char *
array_value_internal (s, quoted, allow_all, rtype)
char *s;
if (ALL_ELEMENT_SUB (t[0]) && t[1] == ']')
{
if (rtype)
- *rtype = 1;
+ *rtype = (t[0] == '*') ? 1 : 2;
if (allow_all == 0)
{
err_badarraysub (s);
extern SHELL_VAR *convert_var_to_array __P((SHELL_VAR *));
extern SHELL_VAR *bind_array_variable __P((char *, arrayind_t, char *, int));
+extern SHELL_VAR *bind_array_element __P((SHELL_VAR *, arrayind_t, char *, int));
extern SHELL_VAR *assign_array_element __P((char *, char *, int));
extern SHELL_VAR *find_or_make_array_variable __P((char *, int));
--- /dev/null
+/* arrayfunc.h -- declarations for miscellaneous array functions in arrayfunc.c */
+
+/* Copyright (C) 2001-2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+ This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+
+ Bash is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
+ any later version.
+
+ Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
+ or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public
+ License for more details.
+
+ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ along with Bash; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free
+ Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111 USA. */
+
+#if !defined (_ARRAYFUNC_H_)
+#define _ARRAYFUNC_H_
+
+/* Must include variables.h before including this file. */
+
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+
+extern SHELL_VAR *convert_var_to_array __P((SHELL_VAR *));
+
+extern SHELL_VAR *bind_array_variable __P((char *, arrayind_t, char *, int));
+extern SHELL_VAR *bind_array_element _P((SHELL_VAR *, arrayind_t, char *, int));
+extern SHELL_VAR *assign_array_element __P((char *, char *, int));
+
+extern SHELL_VAR *find_or_make_array_variable __P((char *, int));
+
+extern SHELL_VAR *assign_array_from_string __P((char *, char *, int));
+extern SHELL_VAR *assign_array_var_from_word_list __P((SHELL_VAR *, WORD_LIST *, int));
+
+extern WORD_LIST *expand_compound_array_assignment __P((char *, int));
+extern void assign_compound_array_list __P((SHELL_VAR *, WORD_LIST *, int));
+extern SHELL_VAR *assign_array_var_from_string __P((SHELL_VAR *, char *, int));
+
+extern int unbind_array_element __P((SHELL_VAR *, char *));
+extern int skipsubscript __P((const char *, int));
+extern void print_array_assignment __P((SHELL_VAR *, int));
+
+extern arrayind_t array_expand_index __P((char *, int));
+extern int valid_array_reference __P((char *));
+extern char *array_value __P((char *, int, int *));
+extern char *get_array_value __P((char *, int, int *));
+
+extern char *array_keys __P((char *, int));
+
+extern char *array_variable_name __P((char *, char **, int *));
+extern SHELL_VAR *array_variable_part __P((char *, char **, int *));
+
+#endif
+
+#endif /* !_ARRAYFUNC_H_ */
/* bashhist.c -- bash interface to the GNU history library. */
-/* Copyright (C) 1993-2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+/* Copyright (C) 1993-2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
list. This is different than the user-controlled behaviour; this
becomes zero when we read lines from a file, for example. */
int remember_on_history = 1;
+int enable_history_list = 1; /* value for `set -o history' */
/* The number of lines that Bash has added to this history session. The
difference between the number of the top element in the history list
history_expansion = interact != 0;
history_expansion_inhibited = 1;
#endif
- remember_on_history = interact != 0;
+ remember_on_history = enable_history_list = interact != 0;
history_inhibit_expansion_function = bash_history_inhibit_expansion;
}
--- /dev/null
+/* bashhist.c -- bash interface to the GNU history library. */
+
+/* Copyright (C) 1993-2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+ This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+
+ Bash is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+ the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
+ Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any later
+ version.
+
+ Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
+ WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
+ for more details.
+
+ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
+ with Bash; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free Software
+ Foundation, 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111 USA. */
+
+#include "config.h"
+
+#if defined (HISTORY)
+
+#if defined (HAVE_UNISTD_H)
+# ifdef _MINIX
+# include <sys/types.h>
+# endif
+# include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "bashtypes.h"
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include "bashansi.h"
+#include "posixstat.h"
+#include "filecntl.h"
+
+#include "bashintl.h"
+
+#include "shell.h"
+#include "flags.h"
+#include "input.h"
+#include "parser.h" /* for the struct dstack stuff. */
+#include "pathexp.h" /* for the struct ignorevar stuff */
+#include "bashhist.h" /* matching prototypes and declarations */
+#include "builtins/common.h"
+
+#include <readline/history.h>
+#include <glob/glob.h>
+#include <glob/strmatch.h>
+
+#if defined (READLINE)
+# include "bashline.h"
+extern int rl_done, rl_dispatching; /* should really include readline.h */
+#endif
+
+#if !defined (errno)
+extern int errno;
+#endif
+
+static int histignore_item_func __P((struct ign *));
+static int check_history_control __P((char *));
+static void hc_erasedups __P((char *));
+static void really_add_history __P((char *));
+
+static struct ignorevar histignore =
+{
+ "HISTIGNORE",
+ (struct ign *)0,
+ 0,
+ (char *)0,
+ (sh_iv_item_func_t *)histignore_item_func,
+};
+
+#define HIGN_EXPAND 0x01
+
+/* Declarations of bash history variables. */
+/* Non-zero means to remember lines typed to the shell on the history
+ list. This is different than the user-controlled behaviour; this
+ becomes zero when we read lines from a file, for example. */
+int remember_on_history = 1;
+int enable_history_list = 1; /* value for `set -o history' */
+
+/* The number of lines that Bash has added to this history session. The
+ difference between the number of the top element in the history list
+ (offset from history_base) and the number of lines in the history file.
+ Appending this session's history to the history file resets this to 0. */
+int history_lines_this_session;
+
+/* The number of lines that Bash has read from the history file. */
+int history_lines_in_file;
+
+#if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
+/* Non-zero means do no history expansion on this line, regardless
+ of what history_expansion says. */
+int history_expansion_inhibited;
+#endif
+
+/* With the old default, every line was saved in the history individually.
+ I.e., if the user enters:
+ bash$ for i in a b c
+ > do
+ > echo $i
+ > done
+ Each line will be individually saved in the history.
+ bash$ history
+ 10 for i in a b c
+ 11 do
+ 12 echo $i
+ 13 done
+ 14 history
+ If the variable command_oriented_history is set, multiple lines
+ which form one command will be saved as one history entry.
+ bash$ for i in a b c
+ > do
+ > echo $i
+ > done
+ bash$ history
+ 10 for i in a b c
+ do
+ echo $i
+ done
+ 11 history
+ The user can then recall the whole command all at once instead
+ of just being able to recall one line at a time.
+
+ This is now enabled by default.
+ */
+int command_oriented_history = 1;
+
+/* Set to 1 if the first line of a possibly-multi-line command was saved
+ in the history list. Managed by maybe_add_history(), but global so
+ the history-manipluating builtins can see it. */
+int current_command_first_line_saved = 0;
+
+/* Non-zero means to store newlines in the history list when using
+ command_oriented_history rather than trying to use semicolons. */
+int literal_history;
+
+/* Non-zero means to append the history to the history file at shell
+ exit, even if the history has been stifled. */
+int force_append_history;
+
+/* A nit for picking at history saving. Flags have the following values:
+
+ Value == 0 means save all lines parsed by the shell on the history.
+ Value & HC_IGNSPACE means save all lines that do not start with a space.
+ Value & HC_IGNDUPS means save all lines that do not match the last
+ line saved.
+ Value & HC_ERASEDUPS means to remove all other matching lines from the
+ history list before saving the latest line. */
+int history_control;
+
+/* Set to 1 if the last command was added to the history list successfully
+ as a separate history entry; set to 0 if the line was ignored or added
+ to a previous entry as part of command-oriented-history processing. */
+int hist_last_line_added;
+
+/* Set to 1 if builtins/history.def:push_history added the last history
+ entry. */
+int hist_last_line_pushed;
+
+#if defined (READLINE)
+/* If non-zero, and readline is being used, the user is offered the
+ chance to re-edit a failed history expansion. */
+int history_reediting;
+
+/* If non-zero, and readline is being used, don't directly execute a
+ line with history substitution. Reload it into the editing buffer
+ instead and let the user further edit and confirm with a newline. */
+int hist_verify;
+
+#endif /* READLINE */
+
+/* Non-zero means to not save function definitions in the history list. */
+int dont_save_function_defs;
+
+/* Variables declared in other files used here. */
+extern int current_command_line_count;
+
+extern struct dstack dstack;
+
+static int bash_history_inhibit_expansion __P((char *, int));
+#if defined (READLINE)
+static void re_edit __P((char *));
+#endif
+static int history_expansion_p __P((char *));
+static int shell_comment __P((char *));
+static int should_expand __P((char *));
+static HIST_ENTRY *last_history_entry __P((void));
+static char *expand_histignore_pattern __P((char *));
+static int history_should_ignore __P((char *));
+
+/* Is the history expansion starting at string[i] one that should not
+ be expanded? */
+static int
+bash_history_inhibit_expansion (string, i)
+ char *string;
+ int i;
+{
+ /* The shell uses ! as a pattern negation character in globbing [...]
+ expressions, so let those pass without expansion. */
+ if (i > 0 && (string[i - 1] == '[') && member (']', string + i + 1))
+ return (1);
+ /* The shell uses ! as the indirect expansion character, so let those
+ expansions pass as well. */
+ else if (i > 1 && string[i - 1] == '{' && string[i - 2] == '$' &&
+ member ('}', string + i + 1))
+ return (1);
+#if defined (EXTENDED_GLOB)
+ else if (extended_glob && i > 1 && string[i+1] == '(' && member (')', string + i + 2))
+ return (1);
+#endif
+ else
+ return (0);
+}
+
+void
+bash_initialize_history ()
+{
+ history_quotes_inhibit_expansion = 1;
+ history_search_delimiter_chars = ";&()|<>";
+ history_inhibit_expansion_function = bash_history_inhibit_expansion;
+#if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
+ sv_histchars ("histchars");
+#endif
+}
+
+void
+bash_history_reinit (interact)
+ int interact;
+{
+#if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
+ history_expansion = interact != 0;
+ history_expansion_inhibited = 1;
+#endif
+ remember_on_history = enable_history_list = interact != 0;
+ history_inhibit_expansion_function = bash_history_inhibit_expansion;
+}
+
+void
+bash_history_disable ()
+{
+ remember_on_history = 0;
+#if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
+ history_expansion_inhibited = 1;
+#endif
+}
+
+void
+bash_history_enable ()
+{
+ remember_on_history = enable_history_list = 1;
+#if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
+ history_expansion_inhibited = 0;
+#endif
+ history_inhibit_expansion_function = bash_history_inhibit_expansion;
+ sv_history_control ("HISTCONTROL");
+ sv_histignore ("HISTIGNORE");
+}
+
+/* Load the history list from the history file. */
+void
+load_history ()
+{
+ char *hf;
+ struct stat buf;
+
+ /* Truncate history file for interactive shells which desire it.
+ Note that the history file is automatically truncated to the
+ size of HISTSIZE if the user does not explicitly set the size
+ differently. */
+ set_if_not ("HISTSIZE", "500");
+ sv_histsize ("HISTSIZE");
+
+ set_if_not ("HISTFILESIZE", get_string_value ("HISTSIZE"));
+ sv_histsize ("HISTFILESIZE");
+
+ /* Read the history in HISTFILE into the history list. */
+ hf = get_string_value ("HISTFILE");
+
+ if (hf && *hf && stat (hf, &buf) == 0)
+ {
+ read_history (hf);
+ using_history ();
+ history_lines_in_file = where_history ();
+ }
+}
+
+#ifdef INCLUDE_UNUSED
+/* Write the existing history out to the history file. */
+void
+save_history ()
+{
+ char *hf;
+ struct stat buf;
+
+ hf = get_string_value ("HISTFILE");
+ if (hf && *hf && stat (hf, &buf) == 0)
+ {
+ /* Append only the lines that occurred this session to
+ the history file. */
+ using_history ();
+
+ if (history_lines_this_session < where_history () || force_append_history)
+ append_history (history_lines_this_session, hf);
+ else
+ write_history (hf);
+
+ sv_histsize ("HISTFILESIZE");
+ }
+}
+#endif
+
+int
+maybe_append_history (filename)
+ char *filename;
+{
+ int fd, result;
+ struct stat buf;
+
+ result = EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
+ if (history_lines_this_session && (history_lines_this_session < where_history ()))
+ {
+ /* If the filename was supplied, then create it if necessary. */
+ if (stat (filename, &buf) == -1 && errno == ENOENT)
+ {
+ fd = open (filename, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT, 0600);
+ if (fd < 0)
+ {
+ builtin_error (_("%s: cannot create: %s"), filename, strerror (errno));
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ }
+ close (fd);
+ }
+ result = append_history (history_lines_this_session, filename);
+ history_lines_in_file += history_lines_this_session;
+ history_lines_this_session = 0;
+ }
+ return (result);
+}
+
+/* If this is an interactive shell, then append the lines executed
+ this session to the history file. */
+int
+maybe_save_shell_history ()
+{
+ int result;
+ char *hf;
+ struct stat buf;
+
+ result = 0;
+ if (history_lines_this_session)
+ {
+ hf = get_string_value ("HISTFILE");
+
+ if (hf && *hf)
+ {
+ /* If the file doesn't exist, then create it. */
+ if (stat (hf, &buf) == -1)
+ {
+ int file;
+ file = open (hf, O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_WRONLY, 0600);
+ if (file != -1)
+ close (file);
+ }
+
+ /* Now actually append the lines if the history hasn't been
+ stifled. If the history has been stifled, rewrite the
+ history file. */
+ using_history ();
+ if (history_lines_this_session <= where_history () || force_append_history)
+ {
+ result = append_history (history_lines_this_session, hf);
+ history_lines_in_file += history_lines_this_session;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ result = write_history (hf);
+ history_lines_in_file = history_lines_this_session;
+ }
+ history_lines_this_session = 0;
+
+ sv_histsize ("HISTFILESIZE");
+ }
+ }
+ return (result);
+}
+
+#if defined (READLINE)
+/* Tell readline () that we have some text for it to edit. */
+static void
+re_edit (text)
+ char *text;
+{
+ if (bash_input.type == st_stdin)
+ bash_re_edit (text);
+}
+#endif /* READLINE */
+
+/* Return 1 if this line needs history expansion. */
+static int
+history_expansion_p (line)
+ char *line;
+{
+ register char *s;
+
+ for (s = line; *s; s++)
+ if (*s == history_expansion_char || *s == history_subst_char)
+ return 1;
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/* Do pre-processing on LINE. If PRINT_CHANGES is non-zero, then
+ print the results of expanding the line if there were any changes.
+ If there is an error, return NULL, otherwise the expanded line is
+ returned. If ADDIT is non-zero the line is added to the history
+ list after history expansion. ADDIT is just a suggestion;
+ REMEMBER_ON_HISTORY can veto, and does.
+ Right now this does history expansion. */
+char *
+pre_process_line (line, print_changes, addit)
+ char *line;
+ int print_changes, addit;
+{
+ char *history_value;
+ char *return_value;
+ int expanded;
+
+ return_value = line;
+ expanded = 0;
+
+# if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
+ /* History expand the line. If this results in no errors, then
+ add that line to the history if ADDIT is non-zero. */
+ if (!history_expansion_inhibited && history_expansion && history_expansion_p (line))
+ {
+ expanded = history_expand (line, &history_value);
+
+ if (expanded)
+ {
+ if (print_changes)
+ {
+ if (expanded < 0)
+ internal_error ("%s", history_value);
+#if defined (READLINE)
+ else if (hist_verify == 0 || expanded == 2)
+#else
+ else
+#endif
+ fprintf (stderr, "%s\n", history_value);
+ }
+
+ /* If there was an error, return NULL. */
+ if (expanded < 0 || expanded == 2) /* 2 == print only */
+ {
+# if defined (READLINE)
+ if (expanded == 2 && rl_dispatching == 0 && *history_value)
+# else
+ if (expanded == 2 && *history_value)
+# endif /* !READLINE */
+ maybe_add_history (history_value);
+
+ free (history_value);
+
+# if defined (READLINE)
+ /* New hack. We can allow the user to edit the
+ failed history expansion. */
+ if (history_reediting && expanded < 0 && rl_done)
+ re_edit (line);
+# endif /* READLINE */
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ }
+
+# if defined (READLINE)
+ if (hist_verify && expanded == 1)
+ {
+ re_edit (history_value);
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ }
+# endif
+ }
+
+ /* Let other expansions know that return_value can be free'ed,
+ and that a line has been added to the history list. Note
+ that we only add lines that have something in them. */
+ expanded = 1;
+ return_value = history_value;
+ }
+# endif /* BANG_HISTORY */
+
+ if (addit && remember_on_history && *return_value)
+ maybe_add_history (return_value);
+
+#if 0
+ if (expanded == 0)
+ return_value = savestring (line);
+#endif
+
+ return (return_value);
+}
+
+/* Return 1 if the first non-whitespace character in LINE is a `#', indicating
+ * that the line is a shell comment. */
+static int
+shell_comment (line)
+ char *line;
+{
+ char *p;
+
+ for (p = line; p && *p && whitespace (*p); p++)
+ ;
+ return (p && *p == '#');
+}
+
+#ifdef INCLUDE_UNUSED
+/* Remove shell comments from LINE. A `#' and anything after it is a comment.
+ This isn't really useful yet, since it doesn't handle quoting. */
+static char *
+filter_comments (line)
+ char *line;
+{
+ char *p;
+
+ for (p = line; p && *p && *p != '#'; p++)
+ ;
+ if (p && *p == '#')
+ *p = '\0';
+ return (line);
+}
+#endif
+
+/* Check LINE against what HISTCONTROL says to do. Returns 1 if the line
+ should be saved; 0 if it should be discarded. */
+static int
+check_history_control (line)
+ char *line;
+{
+ HIST_ENTRY *temp;
+ int r;
+
+ if (history_control == 0)
+ return 1;
+
+ /* ignorespace or ignoreboth */
+ if ((history_control & HC_IGNSPACE) && *line == ' ')
+ return 0;
+
+ /* ignoredups or ignoreboth */
+ if (history_control & HC_IGNDUPS)
+ {
+ using_history ();
+ temp = previous_history ();
+
+ r = (temp == 0 || STREQ (temp->line, line) == 0);
+
+ using_history ();
+
+ if (r == 0)
+ return r;
+ }
+
+ return 1;
+}
+
+/* Remove all entries matching LINE from the history list. Triggered when
+ HISTCONTROL includes `erasedups'. */
+static void
+hc_erasedups (line)
+ char *line;
+{
+ HIST_ENTRY *temp;
+ int r;
+
+ using_history ();
+ while (temp = previous_history ())
+ {
+ if (STREQ (temp->line, line))
+ {
+ r = where_history ();
+ remove_history (r);
+ }
+ }
+ using_history ();
+}
+
+/* Add LINE to the history list, handling possibly multi-line compound
+ commands. We note whether or not we save the first line of each command
+ (which is usually the entire command and history entry), and don't add
+ the second and subsequent lines of a multi-line compound command if we
+ didn't save the first line. We don't usually save shell comment lines in
+ compound commands in the history, because they could have the effect of
+ commenting out the rest of the command when the entire command is saved as
+ a single history entry (when COMMAND_ORIENTED_HISTORY is enabled). If
+ LITERAL_HISTORY is set, we're saving lines in the history with embedded
+ newlines, so it's OK to save comment lines. We also make sure to save
+ multiple-line quoted strings or other constructs. */
+void
+maybe_add_history (line)
+ char *line;
+{
+ hist_last_line_added = 0;
+
+ /* Don't use the value of history_control to affect the second
+ and subsequent lines of a multi-line command (old code did
+ this only when command_oriented_history is enabled). */
+ if (current_command_line_count > 1)
+ {
+ if (current_command_first_line_saved &&
+ (literal_history || dstack.delimiter_depth != 0 || shell_comment (line) == 0))
+ bash_add_history (line);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ /* This is the first line of a (possible multi-line) command. Note whether
+ or not we should save the first line and remember it. */
+ current_command_first_line_saved = check_add_history (line, 0);
+}
+
+/* Just check LINE against HISTCONTROL and HISTIGNORE and add it to the
+ history if it's OK. Used by `history -s' as well as maybe_add_history().
+ Returns 1 if the line was saved in the history, 0 otherwise. */
+int
+check_add_history (line, force)
+ char *line;
+ int force;
+{
+ if (check_history_control (line) && history_should_ignore (line) == 0)
+ {
+ /* We're committed to saving the line. If the user has requested it,
+ remove other matching lines from the history. */
+ if (history_control & HC_ERASEDUPS)
+ hc_erasedups (line);
+
+ if (force)
+ {
+ really_add_history (line);
+ using_history ();
+ }
+ else
+ bash_add_history (line);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/* Add a line to the history list.
+ The variable COMMAND_ORIENTED_HISTORY controls the style of history
+ remembering; when non-zero, and LINE is not the first line of a
+ complete parser construct, append LINE to the last history line instead
+ of adding it as a new line. */
+void
+bash_add_history (line)
+ char *line;
+{
+ int add_it, offset, curlen;
+ HIST_ENTRY *current, *old;
+ char *chars_to_add, *new_line;
+
+ add_it = 1;
+ if (command_oriented_history && current_command_line_count > 1)
+ {
+ chars_to_add = literal_history ? "\n" : history_delimiting_chars ();
+
+ using_history ();
+ current = previous_history ();
+
+ if (current)
+ {
+ /* If the previous line ended with an escaped newline (escaped
+ with backslash, but otherwise unquoted), then remove the quoted
+ newline, since that is what happens when the line is parsed. */
+ curlen = strlen (current->line);
+
+ if (dstack.delimiter_depth == 0 && current->line[curlen - 1] == '\\' &&
+ current->line[curlen - 2] != '\\')
+ {
+ current->line[curlen - 1] = '\0';
+ curlen--;
+ chars_to_add = "";
+ }
+
+ new_line = (char *)xmalloc (1
+ + curlen
+ + strlen (line)
+ + strlen (chars_to_add));
+ sprintf (new_line, "%s%s%s", current->line, chars_to_add, line);
+ offset = where_history ();
+ old = replace_history_entry (offset, new_line, current->data);
+ free (new_line);
+
+ if (old)
+ free_history_entry (old);
+
+ add_it = 0;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (add_it)
+ really_add_history (line);
+
+ using_history ();
+}
+
+static void
+really_add_history (line)
+ char *line;
+{
+ hist_last_line_added = 1;
+ hist_last_line_pushed = 0;
+ add_history (line);
+ history_lines_this_session++;
+}
+
+int
+history_number ()
+{
+ using_history ();
+ return (remember_on_history ? history_base + where_history () : 1);
+}
+
+static int
+should_expand (s)
+ char *s;
+{
+ char *p;
+
+ for (p = s; p && *p; p++)
+ {
+ if (*p == '\\')
+ p++;
+ else if (*p == '&')
+ return 1;
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+histignore_item_func (ign)
+ struct ign *ign;
+{
+ if (should_expand (ign->val))
+ ign->flags |= HIGN_EXPAND;
+ return (0);
+}
+
+void
+setup_history_ignore (varname)
+ char *varname;
+{
+ setup_ignore_patterns (&histignore);
+}
+
+static HIST_ENTRY *
+last_history_entry ()
+{
+ HIST_ENTRY *he;
+
+ using_history ();
+ he = previous_history ();
+ using_history ();
+ return he;
+}
+
+char *
+last_history_line ()
+{
+ HIST_ENTRY *he;
+
+ he = last_history_entry ();
+ if (he == 0)
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ return he->line;
+}
+
+static char *
+expand_histignore_pattern (pat)
+ char *pat;
+{
+ HIST_ENTRY *phe;
+ char *ret;
+
+ phe = last_history_entry ();
+
+ if (phe == (HIST_ENTRY *)0)
+ return (savestring (pat));
+
+ ret = strcreplace (pat, '&', phe->line, 1);
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+/* Return 1 if we should not put LINE into the history according to the
+ patterns in HISTIGNORE. */
+static int
+history_should_ignore (line)
+ char *line;
+{
+ register int i, match;
+ char *npat;
+
+ if (histignore.num_ignores == 0)
+ return 0;
+
+ for (i = match = 0; i < histignore.num_ignores; i++)
+ {
+ if (histignore.ignores[i].flags & HIGN_EXPAND)
+ npat = expand_histignore_pattern (histignore.ignores[i].val);
+ else
+ npat = histignore.ignores[i].val;
+
+ match = strmatch (npat, line, FNMATCH_EXTFLAG) != FNM_NOMATCH;
+
+ if (histignore.ignores[i].flags & HIGN_EXPAND)
+ free (npat);
+
+ if (match)
+ break;
+ }
+
+ return match;
+}
+#endif /* HISTORY */
#define HC_IGNBOTH (HC_IGNSPACE|HC_IGNDUPS)
extern int remember_on_history;
+extern int enable_history_list; /* value for `set -o history' */
extern int history_lines_this_session;
extern int history_lines_in_file;
extern int history_expansion;
/* bashline.c -- Bash's interface to the readline library. */
-/* Copyright (C) 1987-2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+/* Copyright (C) 1987-2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
#endif
/* Helper functions for Readline. */
+static char *restore_tilde __P((char *, char *));
+
static void bash_directory_expansion __P((char **));
static int bash_directory_completion_hook __P((char **));
static int filename_completion_ignore __P((char **));
#if defined (PROGRAMMABLE_COMPLETION)
/* Attempt programmable completion. */
- if (!matches && in_command_position == 0 && prog_completion_enabled &&
- (progcomp_size () > 0) && current_prompt_string == ps1_prompt)
+ if (matches == 0 && (in_command_position == 0 || text[0] == '\0') &&
+ prog_completion_enabled && (progcomp_size () > 0) &&
+ current_prompt_string == ps1_prompt)
{
int s, e, foundcs;
char *n;
s = find_cmd_start (start);
e = find_cmd_end (end);
n = find_cmd_name (s);
- if (e > s && assignment (n, 0) == 0)
+ if (e == 0 && e == s && text[0] == '\0')
+ prog_complete_matches = programmable_completions ("_EmptycmD_", text, s, e, &foundcs);
+ else if (e > s && assignment (n, 0) == 0)
prog_complete_matches = programmable_completions (n, text, s, e, &foundcs);
else
foundcs = 0;
/* XXX - if we found a COMPSPEC for the command, just return whatever
the programmable completion code returns, and disable the default
filename completion that readline will do unless the COPT_DEFAULT
- option has been set with the `-o default' option to complete. */
+ option has been set with the `-o default' option to complete or
+ compopt. */
if (foundcs)
{
pcomp_set_readline_variables (foundcs, 1);
static char *filename_hint = (char *)NULL;
static char *dequoted_hint = (char *)NULL;
static char *directory_part = (char *)NULL;
+ static char **glob_matches = (char **)NULL;
static int path_index, hint_len, dequoted_len, istate, igncase;
static int mapping_over, local_index, searching_path, hint_is_dir;
+ static int old_glob_ignore_case, globpat;
static SHELL_VAR **varlist = (SHELL_VAR **)NULL;
#if defined (ALIAS)
static alias_t **alias_list = (alias_t **)NULL;
/* We have to map over the possibilities for command words. If we have
no state, then make one just for that purpose. */
- if (!state)
+ if (state == 0)
{
if (dequoted_hint && dequoted_hint != hint)
free (dequoted_hint);
temp = rl_variable_value ("completion-ignore-case");
igncase = strcmp (temp, "on") == 0;
+ if (glob_matches)
+ {
+ free (glob_matches);
+ glob_matches = (char **)NULL;
+ }
+
+ globpat = glob_pattern_p (hint_text);
+
/* If this is an absolute program name, do not check it against
aliases, reserved words, functions or builtins. We must check
whether or not it is unique, and, if so, whether that filename
is executable. */
- if (absolute_program (hint_text))
+ if (globpat || absolute_program (hint_text))
{
/* Perform tilde expansion on what's passed, so we don't end up
passing filenames with tildes directly to stat(). */
filename_hint = savestring (hint);
- mapping_over = 4;
istate = 0;
- goto inner;
+
+ if (globpat)
+ {
+ mapping_over = 5;
+ goto globword;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ mapping_over = 4;
+ goto inner;
+ }
}
dequoted_hint = hint = savestring (hint_text);
mapping_over++;
}
+globword:
+ /* Limited support for completing command words with globbing chars. Only
+ a single match (multiple matches that end up reducing the number of
+ characters in the common prefix are bad) will ever be returned on
+ regular completion. */
+ if (glob_pattern_p (hint))
+ {
+ if (state == 0)
+ {
+ glob_ignore_case = igncase;
+ glob_matches = shell_glob_filename (hint);
+ glob_ignore_case = old_glob_ignore_case;
+
+ if (GLOB_FAILED (glob_matches) || glob_matches == 0)
+ {
+ glob_matches = (char **)NULL;
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ }
+
+ local_index = 0;
+
+ if (glob_matches[1] && rl_completion_type == TAB) /* multiple matches are bad */
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ }
+
+ while (val = glob_matches[local_index++])
+ {
+ if (executable_or_directory (val))
+ {
+ if (*hint_text == '~')
+ {
+ temp = restore_tilde (val, directory_part);
+ free (val);
+ val = temp;
+ }
+ return (val);
+ }
+ free (val);
+ }
+
+ glob_ignore_case = old_glob_ignore_case;
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ }
+
/* If the text passed is a directory in the current directory, return it
as a possible match. Executables in directories in the current
directory can be specified using relative pathnames and successfully
istate = (val != (char *)NULL);
- if (!istate)
+ if (istate == 0)
{
char *current_path;
/* If we performed tilde expansion, restore the original
filename. */
if (*hint_text == '~')
- {
- int l, vl, dl, dl2, xl;
- char *rd, *dh2, *expdir;
-
- vl = strlen (val);
-
- rd = savestring (filename_hint);
- bash_directory_expansion (&rd);
- dl = strlen (rd);
- free (rd);
-
- dh2 = directory_part ? bash_dequote_filename (directory_part, 0) : 0;
- bash_directory_expansion (&dh2);
- dl2 = strlen (dh2);
-
- expdir = bash_tilde_expand (directory_part, 0);
- xl = strlen (expdir);
- free (expdir);
-
- /*
- dh2 = unexpanded but dequoted tilde-prefix
- dl = length of entire passed filename
- dl2 = length of tilde-prefix
- expdir = tilde-expanded tilde-prefix
- xl = length of expanded tilde-prefix
- l = length of remainder after tilde-prefix
- */
- l = (vl - xl) + 1;
-
- temp = (char *)xmalloc (dl2 + 2 + l);
- strcpy (temp, dh2);
- strcpy (temp + dl2, val + xl);
-
- free (dh2);
- }
+ temp = restore_tilde (val, directory_part);
else
temp = savestring (val);
freetemp = 1;
return 0;
}
+/* Replace a tilde-prefix in VAL with a `~', assuming the user typed it. VAL
+ is an expanded filename. DIRECTORY_PART is the tilde-prefix portion
+ of the un-tilde-expanded version of VAL (what the user typed). */
+static char *
+restore_tilde (val, directory_part)
+ char *val, *directory_part;
+{
+ int l, vl, dl2, xl;
+ char *dh2, *expdir, *ret;
+
+ vl = strlen (val);
+
+ /* We need to duplicate the expansions readline performs on the directory
+ portion before passing it to our completion function. */
+ dh2 = directory_part ? bash_dequote_filename (directory_part, 0) : 0;
+ bash_directory_expansion (&dh2);
+ dl2 = strlen (dh2);
+
+ expdir = bash_tilde_expand (directory_part, 0);
+ xl = strlen (expdir);
+ free (expdir);
+
+ /*
+ dh2 = unexpanded but dequoted tilde-prefix
+ dl2 = length of tilde-prefix
+ expdir = tilde-expanded tilde-prefix
+ xl = length of expanded tilde-prefix
+ l = length of remainder after tilde-prefix
+ */
+ l = (vl - xl) + 1;
+
+ ret = (char *)xmalloc (dl2 + 2 + l);
+ strcpy (ret, dh2);
+ strcpy (ret + dl2, val + xl);
+
+ free (dh2);
+ return (ret);
+}
+
/* Simulate the expansions that will be performed by
rl_filename_completion_function. This must be called with the address of
a pointer to malloc'd memory. */
#if defined (PROGRAMMABLE_COMPLETION)
/* Attempt programmable completion. */
- if (!matches && in_command_position == 0 && prog_completion_enabled &&
- (progcomp_size () > 0) && current_prompt_string == ps1_prompt)
+ if (matches == 0 && (in_command_position == 0 || text[0] == '\0') &&
+ prog_completion_enabled && (progcomp_size () > 0) &&
+ current_prompt_string == ps1_prompt)
{
int s, e, foundcs;
char *n;
s = find_cmd_start (start);
e = find_cmd_end (end);
n = find_cmd_name (s);
- if (e > s && assignment (n, 0) == 0)
+ if (e == 0 && e == s && text[0] == '\0')
+ prog_complete_matches = programmable_completions ("_EmptycmD_", text, s, e, &foundcs);
+ else if (e > s && assignment (n, 0) == 0)
prog_complete_matches = programmable_completions (n, text, s, e, &foundcs);
else
foundcs = 0;
/* XXX - if we found a COMPSPEC for the command, just return whatever
the programmable completion code returns, and disable the default
filename completion that readline will do unless the COPT_DEFAULT
- option has been set with the `-o default' option to complete. */
+ option has been set with the `-o default' option to complete or
+ compopt. */
if (foundcs)
{
- /* If the user specified that the compspec returns filenames, make
- sure that readline knows it. */
- if (foundcs & COPT_FILENAMES)
- rl_filename_completion_desired = 1;
- /* If the user doesn't want a space appended, tell readline. */
- if (foundcs & COPT_NOSPACE)
- rl_completion_suppress_append = 1;
+ pcomp_set_readline_variables (foundcs, 1);
/* Turn what the programmable completion code returns into what
readline wants. I should have made compute_lcd_of_matches
external... */
istate = (val != (char *)NULL);
- if (!istate)
+ if (istate == 0)
{
char *current_path;
val = rl_filename_completion_function (filename_hint, istate);
istate = 1;
+ if (glob_pattern_p (hint))
+ {
+ char **temp;
+
+ if (state > 0)
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ temp = shell_glob_filename (hint);
+ if (GLOB_FAILED (temp))
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ if (temp && temp[1]) /* multiple matches are bad */
+ {
+ strvec_dispose (temp);
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ }
+ val = temp[0];
+ free (temp);
+ if (val && (searching_path ? executable_file (val) : executable_or_directory (val)))
+ return (val);
+ free (val);
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ }
+
if (val == 0)
{
/* If the hint text is an absolute program, then don't bother
ret = (char *)xmalloc (l + 1);
for (quoted = quote_char, p = text, r = ret; p && *p; p++)
{
- /* Allow backslash-quoted characters to pass through unscathed. */
+ /* Allow backslash-escaped characters to pass through unscathed. */
if (*p == '\\')
{
+ /* Backslashes are preserved within single quotes. */
+ if (quoted == '\'')
+ *r++ = *p;
+ /* Backslashes are preserved within double quotes unless the
+ character is one that is defined to be escaped */
+ else if (quoted == '"' && ((sh_syntaxtab[p[1]] & CBSDQUOTE) == 0))
+ *r++ = *p;
+
*r++ = *++p;
if (*p == '\0')
break;
/* bashline.c -- Bash's interface to the readline library. */
-/* Copyright (C) 1987-2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+/* Copyright (C) 1987-2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
#if defined (PROGRAMMABLE_COMPLETION)
/* Attempt programmable completion. */
- if (!matches && in_command_position == 0 && prog_completion_enabled &&
- (progcomp_size () > 0) && current_prompt_string == ps1_prompt)
+ if (matches == 0 && (in_command_position == 0 || text[0] == '\0') &&
+ prog_completion_enabled && (progcomp_size () > 0) &&
+ current_prompt_string == ps1_prompt)
{
int s, e, foundcs;
char *n;
s = find_cmd_start (start);
e = find_cmd_end (end);
n = find_cmd_name (s);
- if (e > s && assignment (n, 0) == 0)
+ if (e == 0 && e == s && text[0] == '\0')
+ prog_complete_matches = programmable_completions ("_EmptycmD_", text, s, e, &foundcs);
+ else if (e > s && assignment (n, 0) == 0)
prog_complete_matches = programmable_completions (n, text, s, e, &foundcs);
else
foundcs = 0;
/* XXX - if we found a COMPSPEC for the command, just return whatever
the programmable completion code returns, and disable the default
filename completion that readline will do unless the COPT_DEFAULT
- option has been set with the `-o default' option to complete. */
+ option has been set with the `-o default' option to complete or
+ compopt. */
if (foundcs)
{
- /* If the user specified that the compspec returns filenames, make
- sure that readline knows it. */
- if (foundcs & COPT_FILENAMES)
- rl_filename_completion_desired = 1;
- /* If the user doesn't want a space appended, tell readline. */
- if (foundcs & COPT_NOSPACE)
- rl_completion_suppress_append = 1;
+ pcomp_set_readline_variables (foundcs, 1);
/* Turn what the programmable completion code returns into what
readline wants. I should have made compute_lcd_of_matches
external... */
static char *directory_part = (char *)NULL;
static int path_index, hint_len, dequoted_len, istate, igncase;
static int mapping_over, local_index, searching_path, hint_is_dir;
+ static int old_glob_ignore_case;
static SHELL_VAR **varlist = (SHELL_VAR **)NULL;
#if defined (ALIAS)
static alias_t **alias_list = (alias_t **)NULL;
/* We have to map over the possibilities for command words. If we have
no state, then make one just for that purpose. */
- if (!state)
+ if (state == 0)
{
if (dequoted_hint && dequoted_hint != hint)
free (dequoted_hint);
temp = rl_variable_value ("completion-ignore-case");
igncase = strcmp (temp, "on") == 0;
+ old_glob_ignore_case = glob_ignore_case;
+
/* If this is an absolute program name, do not check it against
aliases, reserved words, functions or builtins. We must check
whether or not it is unique, and, if so, whether that filename
istate = (val != (char *)NULL);
- if (!istate)
+ if (istate == 0)
{
char *current_path;
val = rl_filename_completion_function (filename_hint, istate);
istate = 1;
+ /* Limited support for completing command words with globbing chars. Only
+ a single match (multiple matches that end up reducing the number of
+ characters in the common prefix are bad) will ever be returned. */
+ if (glob_pattern_p (hint))
+ {
+ char **temp;
+
+ if (state > 0)
+ {
+ glob_ignore_case = old_glob_ignore_case;
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ }
+ glob_ignore_case = igncase;
+ temp = shell_glob_filename (hint);
+ glob_ignore_case = old_glob_ignore_case;
+ if (GLOB_FAILED (temp))
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ if (temp && temp[1]) /* multiple matches are bad */
+ {
+ strvec_dispose (temp);
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ }
+ val = temp[0];
+ free (temp);
+ if (val && executable_or_directory (val))
+ return (val);
+ free (val);
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ }
+
if (val == 0)
{
/* If the hint text is an absolute program, then don't bother
filename. */
if (*hint_text == '~')
{
- int l, tl, vl, dl, dl2, tlen, xl;
- char *rd, *dh, *dh2, *expdir;
-
- dh = bash_dequote_filename ((char *)hint_text, 0);
- dh2 = directory_part ? bash_dequote_filename (directory_part, 0) : 0;
+ int l, vl, dl, dl2, xl;
+ char *rd, *dh2, *expdir;
vl = strlen (val);
- tl = strlen (dh);
rd = savestring (filename_hint);
bash_directory_expansion (&rd);
dl = strlen (rd);
free (rd);
+ dh2 = directory_part ? bash_dequote_filename (directory_part, 0) : 0;
bash_directory_expansion (&dh2);
dl2 = strlen (dh2);
expdir = bash_tilde_expand (directory_part, 0);
xl = strlen (expdir);
+ free (expdir);
/*
+ dh2 = unexpanded but dequoted tilde-prefix
dl = length of entire passed filename
dl2 = length of tilde-prefix
- tlen = number of characters past tilde prefix in original name
expdir = tilde-expanded tilde-prefix
xl = length of expanded tilde-prefix
l = length of remainder after tilde-prefix
*/
- tlen = dl - dl2;
l = (vl - xl) + 1;
temp = (char *)xmalloc (dl2 + 2 + l);
strcpy (temp, dh2);
strcpy (temp + dl2, val + xl);
- free (dh);
free (dh2);
}
else
ret = (char *)xmalloc (l + 1);
for (quoted = quote_char, p = text, r = ret; p && *p; p++)
{
- /* Allow backslash-quoted characters to pass through unscathed. */
+ /* Allow backslash-escaped characters to pass through unscathed. */
if (*p == '\\')
{
+ /* Backslashes are preserved within single quotes. */
+ if (quoted == '\'')
+ *r++ = *p;
+ /* Backslashes are preserved within double quotes unless the
+ character is one that is defined to be escaped */
+ else if (quoted == '"' && ((sh_syntaxtab[p[1]] & CBSDQUOTE) == 0))
+ *r++ = *p;
+
*r++ = *++p;
if (*p == '\0')
break;
--- /dev/null
+/* bashline.c -- Bash's interface to the readline library. */
+
+/* Copyright (C) 1987-2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+ This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+
+ Bash is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
+ any later version.
+
+ Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
+ or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public
+ License for more details.
+
+ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ along with Bash; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free
+ Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111 USA. */
+
+#include "config.h"
+
+#if defined (READLINE)
+
+#include "bashtypes.h"
+#include "posixstat.h"
+
+#if defined (HAVE_UNISTD_H)
+# include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+
+#if defined (HAVE_GRP_H)
+# include <grp.h>
+#endif
+
+#if defined (HAVE_NETDB_H)
+# include <netdb.h>
+#endif
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include "chartypes.h"
+#include "bashansi.h"
+#include "bashintl.h"
+
+#include "shell.h"
+#include "input.h"
+#include "builtins.h"
+#include "bashhist.h"
+#include "bashline.h"
+#include "execute_cmd.h"
+#include "findcmd.h"
+#include "pathexp.h"
+#include "builtins/common.h"
+#include <readline/rlconf.h>
+#include <readline/readline.h>
+#include <readline/history.h>
+
+#include <glob/glob.h>
+
+#if defined (ALIAS)
+# include "alias.h"
+#endif
+
+#if defined (PROGRAMMABLE_COMPLETION)
+# include "pcomplete.h"
+#endif
+
+/* These should agree with the defines for emacs_mode and vi_mode in
+ rldefs.h, even though that's not a public readline header file. */
+#ifndef EMACS_EDITING_MODE
+# define NO_EDITING_MODE -1
+# define EMACS_EDITING_MODE 1
+# define VI_EDITING_MODE 0
+#endif
+
+#if defined (BRACE_COMPLETION)
+extern int bash_brace_completion __P((int, int));
+#endif /* BRACE_COMPLETION */
+
+/* Forward declarations */
+
+/* Functions bound to keys in Readline for Bash users. */
+static int shell_expand_line __P((int, int));
+static int display_shell_version __P((int, int));
+static int operate_and_get_next __P((int, int));
+
+static int bash_ignore_filenames __P((char **));
+static int bash_ignore_everything __P((char **));
+
+#if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
+static char *history_expand_line_internal __P((char *));
+static int history_expand_line __P((int, int));
+static int tcsh_magic_space __P((int, int));
+#endif /* BANG_HISTORY */
+#ifdef ALIAS
+static int alias_expand_line __P((int, int));
+#endif
+#if defined (BANG_HISTORY) && defined (ALIAS)
+static int history_and_alias_expand_line __P((int, int));
+#endif
+
+/* Helper functions for Readline. */
+static void bash_directory_expansion __P((char **));
+static int bash_directory_completion_hook __P((char **));
+static int filename_completion_ignore __P((char **));
+static int bash_push_line __P((void));
+
+static void cleanup_expansion_error __P((void));
+static void maybe_make_readline_line __P((char *));
+static void set_up_new_line __P((char *));
+
+static int check_redir __P((int));
+static char **attempt_shell_completion __P((const char *, int, int));
+static char *variable_completion_function __P((const char *, int));
+static char *hostname_completion_function __P((const char *, int));
+static char *command_subst_completion_function __P((const char *, int));
+
+static void build_history_completion_array __P((void));
+static char *history_completion_generator __P((const char *, int));
+static int dynamic_complete_history __P((int, int));
+
+static void initialize_hostname_list __P((void));
+static void add_host_name __P((char *));
+static void snarf_hosts_from_file __P((char *));
+static char **hostnames_matching __P((char *));
+
+static void _ignore_completion_names __P((char **, sh_ignore_func_t *));
+static int name_is_acceptable __P((const char *));
+static int test_for_directory __P((const char *));
+static int return_zero __P((const char *));
+
+static char *bash_dequote_filename __P((char *, int));
+static char *quote_word_break_chars __P((char *));
+static char *bash_quote_filename __P((char *, int, char *));
+
+static int bash_execute_unix_command __P((int, int));
+static void init_unix_command_map __P((void));
+static int isolate_sequence __P((char *, int, int, int *));
+
+static int set_saved_history __P((void));
+
+#if defined (ALIAS)
+static int posix_edit_macros __P((int, int));
+#endif
+
+#if defined (PROGRAMMABLE_COMPLETION)
+static int find_cmd_start __P((int));
+static int find_cmd_end __P((int));
+static char *find_cmd_name __P((int));
+static char *prog_complete_return __P((const char *, int));
+
+static char **prog_complete_matches;
+#endif
+
+/* Variables used here but defined in other files. */
+#if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
+extern int hist_verify;
+#endif
+
+extern int current_command_line_count, last_command_exit_value;
+extern int posixly_correct, no_symbolic_links;
+extern char *current_prompt_string, *ps1_prompt;
+extern STRING_INT_ALIST word_token_alist[];
+extern sh_builtin_func_t *last_shell_builtin, *this_shell_builtin;
+
+/* SPECIFIC_COMPLETION_FUNCTIONS specifies that we have individual
+ completion functions which indicate what type of completion should be
+ done (at or before point) that can be bound to key sequences with
+ the readline library. */
+#define SPECIFIC_COMPLETION_FUNCTIONS
+
+#if defined (SPECIFIC_COMPLETION_FUNCTIONS)
+static int bash_specific_completion __P((int, rl_compentry_func_t *));
+
+static int bash_complete_filename_internal __P((int));
+static int bash_complete_username_internal __P((int));
+static int bash_complete_hostname_internal __P((int));
+static int bash_complete_variable_internal __P((int));
+static int bash_complete_command_internal __P((int));
+
+static int bash_complete_filename __P((int, int));
+static int bash_possible_filename_completions __P((int, int));
+static int bash_complete_username __P((int, int));
+static int bash_possible_username_completions __P((int, int));
+static int bash_complete_hostname __P((int, int));
+static int bash_possible_hostname_completions __P((int, int));
+static int bash_complete_variable __P((int, int));
+static int bash_possible_variable_completions __P((int, int));
+static int bash_complete_command __P((int, int));
+static int bash_possible_command_completions __P((int, int));
+
+static char *glob_complete_word __P((const char *, int));
+static int bash_glob_completion_internal __P((int));
+static int bash_glob_complete_word __P((int, int));
+static int bash_glob_expand_word __P((int, int));
+static int bash_glob_list_expansions __P((int, int));
+
+#endif /* SPECIFIC_COMPLETION_FUNCTIONS */
+
+static int edit_and_execute_command __P((int, int, int, char *));
+#if defined (VI_MODE)
+static int vi_edit_and_execute_command __P((int, int));
+static int bash_vi_complete __P((int, int));
+#endif
+static int emacs_edit_and_execute_command __P((int, int));
+
+/* Non-zero once initalize_readline () has been called. */
+int bash_readline_initialized = 0;
+
+/* If non-zero, we do hostname completion, breaking words at `@' and
+ trying to complete the stuff after the `@' from our own internal
+ host list. */
+int perform_hostname_completion = 1;
+
+/* If non-zero, we don't do command completion on an empty line. */
+int no_empty_command_completion;
+
+/* Set FORCE_FIGNORE if you want to honor FIGNORE even if it ignores the
+ only possible matches. Set to 0 if you want to match filenames if they
+ are the only possible matches, even if FIGNORE says to. */
+int force_fignore = 1;
+
+static char *bash_completer_word_break_characters = " \t\n\"'@><=;|&(:";
+static char *bash_nohostname_word_break_characters = " \t\n\"'><=;|&(:";
+/* )) */
+
+static rl_hook_func_t *old_rl_startup_hook = (rl_hook_func_t *)NULL;
+
+static int dot_in_path = 0;
+
+/* What kind of quoting is performed by bash_quote_filename:
+ COMPLETE_DQUOTE = double-quoting the filename
+ COMPLETE_SQUOTE = single_quoting the filename
+ COMPLETE_BSQUOTE = backslash-quoting special chars in the filename
+*/
+#define COMPLETE_DQUOTE 1
+#define COMPLETE_SQUOTE 2
+#define COMPLETE_BSQUOTE 3
+static int completion_quoting_style = COMPLETE_BSQUOTE;
+
+/* Flag values for the final argument to bash_default_completion */
+#define DEFCOMP_CMDPOS 1
+
+/* Change the readline VI-mode keymaps into or out of Posix.2 compliance.
+ Called when the shell is put into or out of `posix' mode. */
+void
+posix_readline_initialize (on_or_off)
+ int on_or_off;
+{
+ if (on_or_off)
+ rl_variable_bind ("comment-begin", "#");
+#if defined (VI_MODE)
+ rl_bind_key_in_map (CTRL ('I'), on_or_off ? rl_insert : rl_complete, vi_insertion_keymap);
+#endif
+}
+
+/* When this function returns, rl_completer_word_break_characters points to
+ dynamically allocated memory. */
+int
+enable_hostname_completion (on_or_off)
+ int on_or_off;
+{
+ int old_value;
+ char *at, *nv, *nval;
+
+ old_value = perform_hostname_completion;
+
+ if (on_or_off)
+ {
+ perform_hostname_completion = 1;
+ rl_special_prefixes = "$@";
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ perform_hostname_completion = 0;
+ rl_special_prefixes = "$";
+ }
+
+ /* Now we need to figure out how to appropriately modify and assign
+ rl_completer_word_break_characters depending on whether we want
+ hostname completion on or off. */
+
+ /* If this is the first time this has been called
+ (bash_readline_initialized == 0), use the sames values as before, but
+ allocate new memory for rl_completer_word_break_characters. */
+
+ if (bash_readline_initialized == 0 &&
+ (rl_completer_word_break_characters == 0 ||
+ rl_completer_word_break_characters == rl_basic_word_break_characters))
+ {
+ if (on_or_off)
+ rl_completer_word_break_characters = savestring (bash_completer_word_break_characters);
+ else
+ rl_completer_word_break_characters = savestring (bash_nohostname_word_break_characters);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ /* See if we have anything to do. */
+ at = strchr (rl_completer_word_break_characters, '@');
+ if ((at == 0 && on_or_off == 0) || (at != 0 && on_or_off != 0))
+ return old_value;
+
+ /* We have something to do. Do it. */
+ nval = (char *)xmalloc (strlen (rl_completer_word_break_characters) + 1 + on_or_off);
+
+ if (on_or_off == 0)
+ {
+ /* Turn it off -- just remove `@' from word break chars. We want
+ to remove all occurrences of `@' from the char list, so we loop
+ rather than just copy the rest of the list over AT. */
+ for (nv = nval, at = rl_completer_word_break_characters; *at; )
+ if (*at != '@')
+ *nv++ = *at++;
+ else
+ at++;
+ *nv = '\0';
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ nval[0] = '@';
+ strcpy (nval + 1, rl_completer_word_break_characters);
+ }
+
+ free (rl_completer_word_break_characters);
+ rl_completer_word_break_characters = nval;
+ }
+
+ return (old_value);
+}
+
+/* Called once from parse.y if we are going to use readline. */
+void
+initialize_readline ()
+{
+ rl_command_func_t *func;
+ char kseq[2];
+
+ if (bash_readline_initialized)
+ return;
+
+ rl_terminal_name = get_string_value ("TERM");
+ rl_instream = stdin;
+ rl_outstream = stderr;
+
+ /* Allow conditional parsing of the ~/.inputrc file. */
+ rl_readline_name = "Bash";
+
+ /* Add bindable names before calling rl_initialize so they may be
+ referenced in the various inputrc files. */
+ rl_add_defun ("shell-expand-line", shell_expand_line, -1);
+#ifdef BANG_HISTORY
+ rl_add_defun ("history-expand-line", history_expand_line, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("magic-space", tcsh_magic_space, -1);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ALIAS
+ rl_add_defun ("alias-expand-line", alias_expand_line, -1);
+# ifdef BANG_HISTORY
+ rl_add_defun ("history-and-alias-expand-line", history_and_alias_expand_line, -1);
+# endif
+#endif
+
+ /* Backwards compatibility. */
+ rl_add_defun ("insert-last-argument", rl_yank_last_arg, -1);
+
+ rl_add_defun ("operate-and-get-next", operate_and_get_next, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("display-shell-version", display_shell_version, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("edit-and-execute-command", emacs_edit_and_execute_command, -1);
+
+#if defined (BRACE_COMPLETION)
+ rl_add_defun ("complete-into-braces", bash_brace_completion, -1);
+#endif
+
+#if defined (SPECIFIC_COMPLETION_FUNCTIONS)
+ rl_add_defun ("complete-filename", bash_complete_filename, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("possible-filename-completions", bash_possible_filename_completions, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("complete-username", bash_complete_username, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("possible-username-completions", bash_possible_username_completions, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("complete-hostname", bash_complete_hostname, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("possible-hostname-completions", bash_possible_hostname_completions, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("complete-variable", bash_complete_variable, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("possible-variable-completions", bash_possible_variable_completions, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("complete-command", bash_complete_command, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("possible-command-completions", bash_possible_command_completions, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("glob-complete-word", bash_glob_complete_word, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("glob-expand-word", bash_glob_expand_word, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("glob-list-expansions", bash_glob_list_expansions, -1);
+#endif
+
+ rl_add_defun ("dynamic-complete-history", dynamic_complete_history, -1);
+
+ /* Bind defaults before binding our custom shell keybindings. */
+ if (RL_ISSTATE(RL_STATE_INITIALIZED) == 0)
+ rl_initialize ();
+
+ /* Bind up our special shell functions. */
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map (CTRL('E'), shell_expand_line, emacs_meta_keymap);
+
+#ifdef BANG_HISTORY
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('^', history_expand_line, emacs_meta_keymap);
+#endif
+
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map (CTRL ('O'), operate_and_get_next, emacs_standard_keymap);
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map (CTRL ('V'), display_shell_version, emacs_ctlx_keymap);
+
+ /* In Bash, the user can switch editing modes with "set -o [vi emacs]",
+ so it is not necessary to allow C-M-j for context switching. Turn
+ off this occasionally confusing behaviour. */
+ kseq[0] = CTRL('J');
+ kseq[1] = '\0';
+ func = rl_function_of_keyseq (kseq, emacs_meta_keymap, (int *)NULL);
+ if (func == rl_vi_editing_mode)
+ rl_unbind_key_in_map (CTRL('J'), emacs_meta_keymap);
+ kseq[0] = CTRL('M');
+ func = rl_function_of_keyseq (kseq, emacs_meta_keymap, (int *)NULL);
+ if (func == rl_vi_editing_mode)
+ rl_unbind_key_in_map (CTRL('M'), emacs_meta_keymap);
+#if defined (VI_MODE)
+ rl_unbind_key_in_map (CTRL('E'), vi_movement_keymap);
+#endif
+
+#if defined (BRACE_COMPLETION)
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('{', bash_brace_completion, emacs_meta_keymap); /*}*/
+#endif /* BRACE_COMPLETION */
+
+#if defined (SPECIFIC_COMPLETION_FUNCTIONS)
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('/', bash_complete_filename, emacs_meta_keymap);
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('/', bash_possible_filename_completions, emacs_ctlx_keymap);
+
+ /* Have to jump through hoops here because there is a default binding for
+ M-~ (rl_tilde_expand) */
+ kseq[0] = '~';
+ kseq[1] = '\0';
+ func = rl_function_of_keyseq (kseq, emacs_meta_keymap, (int *)NULL);
+ if (func == 0 || func == rl_tilde_expand)
+ rl_bind_keyseq_in_map (kseq, bash_complete_username, emacs_meta_keymap);
+
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('~', bash_possible_username_completions, emacs_ctlx_keymap);
+
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('@', bash_complete_hostname, emacs_meta_keymap);
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('@', bash_possible_hostname_completions, emacs_ctlx_keymap);
+
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('$', bash_complete_variable, emacs_meta_keymap);
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('$', bash_possible_variable_completions, emacs_ctlx_keymap);
+
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('!', bash_complete_command, emacs_meta_keymap);
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('!', bash_possible_command_completions, emacs_ctlx_keymap);
+
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('g', bash_glob_complete_word, emacs_meta_keymap);
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('*', bash_glob_expand_word, emacs_ctlx_keymap);
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('g', bash_glob_list_expansions, emacs_ctlx_keymap);
+
+#endif /* SPECIFIC_COMPLETION_FUNCTIONS */
+
+ kseq[0] = TAB;
+ kseq[1] = '\0';
+ func = rl_function_of_keyseq (kseq, emacs_meta_keymap, (int *)NULL);
+ if (func == 0 || func == rl_tab_insert)
+ rl_bind_key_in_map (TAB, dynamic_complete_history, emacs_meta_keymap);
+
+ /* Tell the completer that we want a crack first. */
+ rl_attempted_completion_function = attempt_shell_completion;
+
+ /* Tell the completer that we might want to follow symbolic links or
+ do other expansion on directory names. */
+ rl_directory_completion_hook = bash_directory_completion_hook;
+
+ /* Tell the filename completer we want a chance to ignore some names. */
+ rl_ignore_some_completions_function = filename_completion_ignore;
+
+ /* Bind C-xC-e to invoke emacs and run result as commands. */
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map (CTRL ('E'), emacs_edit_and_execute_command, emacs_ctlx_keymap);
+#if defined (VI_MODE)
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('v', vi_edit_and_execute_command, vi_movement_keymap);
+# if defined (ALIAS)
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('@', posix_edit_macros, vi_movement_keymap);
+# endif
+
+ rl_bind_key_in_map ('\\', bash_vi_complete, vi_movement_keymap);
+ rl_bind_key_in_map ('*', bash_vi_complete, vi_movement_keymap);
+ rl_bind_key_in_map ('=', bash_vi_complete, vi_movement_keymap);
+#endif
+
+ rl_completer_quote_characters = "'\"";
+
+ /* This sets rl_completer_word_break_characters and rl_special_prefixes
+ to the appropriate values, depending on whether or not hostname
+ completion is enabled. */
+ enable_hostname_completion (perform_hostname_completion);
+
+ /* characters that need to be quoted when appearing in filenames. */
+ rl_filename_quote_characters = " \t\n\\\"'@<>=;|&()#$`?*[!:{"; /*}*/
+ rl_filename_quoting_function = bash_quote_filename;
+ rl_filename_dequoting_function = bash_dequote_filename;
+ rl_char_is_quoted_p = char_is_quoted;
+
+#if 0
+ /* This is superfluous and makes it impossible to use tab completion in
+ vi mode even when explicitly binding it in ~/.inputrc. sv_strict_posix()
+ should already have called posix_readline_initialize() when
+ posixly_correct was set. */
+ if (posixly_correct)
+ posix_readline_initialize (1);
+#endif
+
+ bash_readline_initialized = 1;
+}
+
+/* On Sun systems at least, rl_attempted_completion_function can end up
+ getting set to NULL, and rl_completion_entry_function set to do command
+ word completion if Bash is interrupted while trying to complete a command
+ word. This just resets all the completion functions to the right thing.
+ It's called from throw_to_top_level(). */
+void
+bashline_reinitialize ()
+{
+ tilde_initialize ();
+ rl_attempted_completion_function = attempt_shell_completion;
+ rl_completion_entry_function = NULL;
+ rl_directory_completion_hook = bash_directory_completion_hook;
+ rl_ignore_some_completions_function = filename_completion_ignore;
+}
+
+/* Contains the line to push into readline. */
+static char *push_to_readline = (char *)NULL;
+
+/* Push the contents of push_to_readline into the
+ readline buffer. */
+static int
+bash_push_line ()
+{
+ if (push_to_readline)
+ {
+ rl_insert_text (push_to_readline);
+ free (push_to_readline);
+ push_to_readline = (char *)NULL;
+ rl_startup_hook = old_rl_startup_hook;
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/* Call this to set the initial text for the next line to read
+ from readline. */
+int
+bash_re_edit (line)
+ char *line;
+{
+ FREE (push_to_readline);
+
+ push_to_readline = savestring (line);
+ old_rl_startup_hook = rl_startup_hook;
+ rl_startup_hook = bash_push_line;
+
+ return (0);
+}
+
+static int
+display_shell_version (count, c)
+ int count, c;
+{
+ rl_crlf ();
+ show_shell_version (0);
+ putc ('\r', rl_outstream);
+ fflush (rl_outstream);
+ rl_on_new_line ();
+ rl_redisplay ();
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/* **************************************************************** */
+/* */
+/* Readline Stuff */
+/* */
+/* **************************************************************** */
+
+/* If the user requests hostname completion, then simply build a list
+ of hosts, and complete from that forever more, or at least until
+ HOSTFILE is unset. */
+
+/* THIS SHOULD BE A STRINGLIST. */
+/* The kept list of hostnames. */
+static char **hostname_list = (char **)NULL;
+
+/* The physical size of the above list. */
+static int hostname_list_size;
+
+/* The number of hostnames in the above list. */
+static int hostname_list_length;
+
+/* Whether or not HOSTNAME_LIST has been initialized. */
+int hostname_list_initialized = 0;
+
+/* Initialize the hostname completion table. */
+static void
+initialize_hostname_list ()
+{
+ char *temp;
+
+ temp = get_string_value ("HOSTFILE");
+ if (temp == 0)
+ temp = get_string_value ("hostname_completion_file");
+ if (temp == 0)
+ temp = DEFAULT_HOSTS_FILE;
+
+ snarf_hosts_from_file (temp);
+
+ if (hostname_list)
+ hostname_list_initialized++;
+}
+
+/* Add NAME to the list of hosts. */
+static void
+add_host_name (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ if (hostname_list_length + 2 > hostname_list_size)
+ {
+ hostname_list_size = (hostname_list_size + 32) - (hostname_list_size % 32);
+ hostname_list = strvec_resize (hostname_list, hostname_list_size);
+ }
+
+ hostname_list[hostname_list_length++] = savestring (name);
+ hostname_list[hostname_list_length] = (char *)NULL;
+}
+
+#define cr_whitespace(c) ((c) == '\r' || (c) == '\n' || whitespace(c))
+
+static void
+snarf_hosts_from_file (filename)
+ char *filename;
+{
+ FILE *file;
+ char *temp, buffer[256], name[256];
+ register int i, start;
+
+ file = fopen (filename, "r");
+ if (file == 0)
+ return;
+
+ while (temp = fgets (buffer, 255, file))
+ {
+ /* Skip to first character. */
+ for (i = 0; buffer[i] && cr_whitespace (buffer[i]); i++)
+ ;
+
+ /* If comment or blank line, ignore. */
+ if (buffer[i] == '\0' || buffer[i] == '#')
+ continue;
+
+ /* If `preprocessor' directive, do the include. */
+ if (strncmp (buffer + i, "$include ", 9) == 0)
+ {
+ char *incfile, *t;
+
+ /* Find start of filename. */
+ for (incfile = buffer + i + 9; *incfile && whitespace (*incfile); incfile++)
+ ;
+
+ /* Find end of filename. */
+ for (t = incfile; *t && cr_whitespace (*t) == 0; t++)
+ ;
+
+ *t = '\0';
+
+ snarf_hosts_from_file (incfile);
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ /* Skip internet address if present. */
+ if (DIGIT (buffer[i]))
+ for (; buffer[i] && cr_whitespace (buffer[i]) == 0; i++);
+
+ /* Gobble up names. Each name is separated with whitespace. */
+ while (buffer[i])
+ {
+ for (; cr_whitespace (buffer[i]); i++)
+ ;
+ if (buffer[i] == '\0' || buffer[i] == '#')
+ break;
+
+ /* Isolate the current word. */
+ for (start = i; buffer[i] && cr_whitespace (buffer[i]) == 0; i++)
+ ;
+ if (i == start)
+ continue;
+ strncpy (name, buffer + start, i - start);
+ name[i - start] = '\0';
+ add_host_name (name);
+ }
+ }
+ fclose (file);
+}
+
+/* Return the hostname list. */
+char **
+get_hostname_list ()
+{
+ if (hostname_list_initialized == 0)
+ initialize_hostname_list ();
+ return (hostname_list);
+}
+
+void
+clear_hostname_list ()
+{
+ register int i;
+
+ if (hostname_list_initialized == 0)
+ return;
+ for (i = 0; i < hostname_list_length; i++)
+ free (hostname_list[i]);
+ hostname_list_length = 0;
+}
+
+/* Return a NULL terminated list of hostnames which begin with TEXT.
+ Initialize the hostname list the first time if neccessary.
+ The array is malloc ()'ed, but not the individual strings. */
+static char **
+hostnames_matching (text)
+ char *text;
+{
+ register int i, len, nmatch, rsize;
+ char **result;
+
+ if (hostname_list_initialized == 0)
+ initialize_hostname_list ();
+
+ if (hostname_list_initialized == 0)
+ return ((char **)NULL);
+
+ /* Special case. If TEXT consists of nothing, then the whole list is
+ what is desired. */
+ if (*text == '\0')
+ {
+ result = strvec_create (1 + hostname_list_length);
+ for (i = 0; i < hostname_list_length; i++)
+ result[i] = hostname_list[i];
+ result[i] = (char *)NULL;
+ return (result);
+ }
+
+ /* Scan until found, or failure. */
+ len = strlen (text);
+ result = (char **)NULL;
+ for (i = nmatch = rsize = 0; i < hostname_list_length; i++)
+ {
+ if (STREQN (text, hostname_list[i], len) == 0)
+ continue;
+
+ /* OK, it matches. Add it to the list. */
+ if (nmatch >= (rsize - 1))
+ {
+ rsize = (rsize + 16) - (rsize % 16);
+ result = strvec_resize (result, rsize);
+ }
+
+ result[nmatch++] = hostname_list[i];
+ }
+ if (nmatch)
+ result[nmatch] = (char *)NULL;
+ return (result);
+}
+
+/* The equivalent of the Korn shell C-o operate-and-get-next-history-line
+ editing command. */
+static int saved_history_line_to_use = -1;
+
+static int
+set_saved_history ()
+{
+ if (saved_history_line_to_use >= 0)
+ rl_get_previous_history (history_length - saved_history_line_to_use, 0);
+ saved_history_line_to_use = -1;
+ rl_startup_hook = old_rl_startup_hook;
+ return (0);
+}
+
+static int
+operate_and_get_next (count, c)
+ int count, c;
+{
+ int where;
+
+ /* Accept the current line. */
+ rl_newline (1, c);
+
+ /* Find the current line, and find the next line to use. */
+ where = where_history ();
+
+ if ((history_is_stifled () && (history_length >= history_max_entries)) ||
+ (where >= history_length - 1))
+ saved_history_line_to_use = where;
+ else
+ saved_history_line_to_use = where + 1;
+
+ old_rl_startup_hook = rl_startup_hook;
+ rl_startup_hook = set_saved_history;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/* This vi mode command causes VI_EDIT_COMMAND to be run on the current
+ command being entered (if no explicit argument is given), otherwise on
+ a command from the history file. */
+
+#define VI_EDIT_COMMAND "fc -e \"${VISUAL:-${EDITOR:-vi}}\""
+#define EMACS_EDIT_COMMAND "fc -e \"${VISUAL:-${EDITOR:-emacs}}\""
+#define POSIX_VI_EDIT_COMMAND "fc -e vi"
+
+static int
+edit_and_execute_command (count, c, editing_mode, edit_command)
+ int count, c, editing_mode;
+ char *edit_command;
+{
+ char *command;
+ int r, cclc, rrs;
+
+ rrs = rl_readline_state;
+ cclc = current_command_line_count;
+
+ /* Accept the current line. */
+ rl_newline (1, c);
+
+ if (rl_explicit_arg)
+ {
+ command = (char *)xmalloc (strlen (edit_command) + 8);
+ sprintf (command, "%s %d", edit_command, count);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ /* Take the command we were just editing, add it to the history file,
+ then call fc to operate on it. We have to add a dummy command to
+ the end of the history because fc ignores the last command (assumes
+ it's supposed to deal with the command before the `fc'). */
+ using_history ();
+ bash_add_history (rl_line_buffer);
+ bash_add_history ("");
+ history_lines_this_session++;
+ using_history ();
+ command = savestring (edit_command);
+ }
+
+ /* Now, POSIX.1-2001 and SUSv3 say that the commands executed from the
+ temporary file should be placed into the history. We don't do that
+ yet. */
+ r = parse_and_execute (command, (editing_mode == VI_EDITING_MODE) ? "v" : "C-xC-e", SEVAL_NOHIST);
+
+ current_command_line_count = cclc;
+
+ /* Now erase the contents of the current line and undo the effects of the
+ rl_accept_line() above. We don't even want to make the text we just
+ executed available for undoing. */
+ rl_line_buffer[0] = '\0'; /* XXX */
+ rl_point = rl_end = 0;
+ rl_done = 0;
+ rl_readline_state = rrs;
+
+ rl_forced_update_display ();
+
+ return r;
+}
+
+#if defined (VI_MODE)
+static int
+vi_edit_and_execute_command (count, c)
+ int count, c;
+{
+ if (posixly_correct)
+ return (edit_and_execute_command (count, c, VI_EDITING_MODE, POSIX_VI_EDIT_COMMAND));
+ else
+ return (edit_and_execute_command (count, c, VI_EDITING_MODE, VI_EDIT_COMMAND));
+}
+#endif /* VI_MODE */
+
+static int
+emacs_edit_and_execute_command (count, c)
+ int count, c;
+{
+ return (edit_and_execute_command (count, c, EMACS_EDITING_MODE, EMACS_EDIT_COMMAND));
+}
+
+#if defined (ALIAS)
+static int
+posix_edit_macros (count, key)
+ int count, key;
+{
+ int c;
+ char alias_name[3], *alias_value, *macro;
+
+ c = rl_read_key ();
+ alias_name[0] = '_';
+ alias_name[1] = c;
+ alias_name[2] = '\0';
+
+ alias_value = get_alias_value (alias_name);
+ if (alias_value && *alias_value)
+ {
+ macro = savestring (alias_value);
+ rl_push_macro_input (macro);
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+/* **************************************************************** */
+/* */
+/* How To Do Shell Completion */
+/* */
+/* **************************************************************** */
+
+#define COMMAND_SEPARATORS ";|&{(`"
+/* )} */
+
+static int
+check_redir (ti)
+ int ti;
+{
+ register int this_char, prev_char;
+
+ /* Handle the two character tokens `>&', `<&', and `>|'.
+ We are not in a command position after one of these. */
+ this_char = rl_line_buffer[ti];
+ prev_char = rl_line_buffer[ti - 1];
+
+ if ((this_char == '&' && (prev_char == '<' || prev_char == '>')) ||
+ (this_char == '|' && prev_char == '>'))
+ return (1);
+ else if ((this_char == '{' && prev_char == '$') || /* } */
+ (char_is_quoted (rl_line_buffer, ti)))
+ return (1);
+ return (0);
+}
+
+#if defined (PROGRAMMABLE_COMPLETION)
+/*
+ * XXX - because of the <= start test, and setting os = s+1, this can
+ * potentially return os > start. This is probably not what we want to
+ * happen, but fix later after 2.05a-release.
+ */
+static int
+find_cmd_start (start)
+ int start;
+{
+ register int s, os;
+
+ os = 0;
+ while (((s = skip_to_delim (rl_line_buffer, os, COMMAND_SEPARATORS, SD_NOJMP)) <= start) &&
+ rl_line_buffer[s])
+ os = s+1;
+ return os;
+}
+
+static int
+find_cmd_end (end)
+ int end;
+{
+ register int e;
+
+ e = skip_to_delim (rl_line_buffer, end, COMMAND_SEPARATORS, SD_NOJMP);
+ return e;
+}
+
+static char *
+find_cmd_name (start)
+ int start;
+{
+ char *name;
+ register int s, e;
+
+ for (s = start; whitespace (rl_line_buffer[s]); s++)
+ ;
+
+ /* skip until a shell break character */
+ e = skip_to_delim (rl_line_buffer, s, "()<>;&| \t\n", SD_NOJMP);
+
+ name = substring (rl_line_buffer, s, e);
+
+ return (name);
+}
+
+static char *
+prog_complete_return (text, matchnum)
+ const char *text;
+ int matchnum;
+{
+ static int ind;
+
+ if (matchnum == 0)
+ ind = 0;
+
+ if (prog_complete_matches == 0 || prog_complete_matches[ind] == 0)
+ return (char *)NULL;
+ return (prog_complete_matches[ind++]);
+}
+
+#endif /* PROGRAMMABLE_COMPLETION */
+
+/* Do some completion on TEXT. The indices of TEXT in RL_LINE_BUFFER are
+ at START and END. Return an array of matches, or NULL if none. */
+static char **
+attempt_shell_completion (text, start, end)
+ const char *text;
+ int start, end;
+{
+ int in_command_position, ti, saveti, qc, dflags;
+ char **matches, *command_separator_chars;
+
+ command_separator_chars = COMMAND_SEPARATORS;
+ matches = (char **)NULL;
+ rl_ignore_some_completions_function = filename_completion_ignore;
+
+ /* Determine if this could be a command word. It is if it appears at
+ the start of the line (ignoring preceding whitespace), or if it
+ appears after a character that separates commands. It cannot be a
+ command word if we aren't at the top-level prompt. */
+ ti = start - 1;
+ saveti = qc = -1;
+
+ while ((ti > -1) && (whitespace (rl_line_buffer[ti])))
+ ti--;
+
+#if 1
+ /* If this is an open quote, maybe we're trying to complete a quoted
+ command name. */
+ if (ti >= 0 && (rl_line_buffer[ti] == '"' || rl_line_buffer[ti] == '\''))
+ {
+ qc = rl_line_buffer[ti];
+ saveti = ti--;
+ while (ti > -1 && (whitespace (rl_line_buffer[ti])))
+ ti--;
+ }
+#endif
+
+ in_command_position = 0;
+ if (ti < 0)
+ {
+ /* Only do command completion at the start of a line when we
+ are prompting at the top level. */
+ if (current_prompt_string == ps1_prompt)
+ in_command_position++;
+ }
+ else if (member (rl_line_buffer[ti], command_separator_chars))
+ {
+ in_command_position++;
+
+ if (check_redir (ti) == 1)
+ in_command_position = 0;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ /* This still could be in command position. It is possible
+ that all of the previous words on the line are variable
+ assignments. */
+ }
+
+ /* Check that we haven't incorrectly flagged a closed command substitution
+ as indicating we're in a command position. */
+ if (in_command_position && ti >= 0 && rl_line_buffer[ti] == '`' &&
+ *text != '`' && unclosed_pair (rl_line_buffer, end, "`") == 0)
+ in_command_position = 0;
+
+ /* Special handling for command substitution. If *TEXT is a backquote,
+ it can be the start or end of an old-style command substitution, or
+ unmatched. If it's unmatched, both calls to unclosed_pair will
+ succeed. */
+ if (*text == '`' &&
+ (in_command_position || (unclosed_pair (rl_line_buffer, start, "`") &&
+ unclosed_pair (rl_line_buffer, end, "`"))))
+ matches = rl_completion_matches (text, command_subst_completion_function);
+
+#if defined (PROGRAMMABLE_COMPLETION)
+ /* Attempt programmable completion. */
+ if (matches == 0 && (in_command_position == 0 || text[0] == '\0') &&
+ prog_completion_enabled && (progcomp_size () > 0) &&
+ current_prompt_string == ps1_prompt)
+ {
+ int s, e, foundcs;
+ char *n;
+
+ /* XXX - don't free the members */
+ if (prog_complete_matches)
+ free (prog_complete_matches);
+ prog_complete_matches = (char **)NULL;
+
+ s = find_cmd_start (start);
+ e = find_cmd_end (end);
+ n = find_cmd_name (s);
+ if (e == 0 && e == s && text[0] == '\0')
+ prog_complete_matches = programmable_completions ("_EmptycmD_", text, s, e, &foundcs);
+ else if (e > s && assignment (n, 0) == 0)
+ prog_complete_matches = programmable_completions (n, text, s, e, &foundcs);
+ else
+ foundcs = 0;
+ FREE (n);
+ /* XXX - if we found a COMPSPEC for the command, just return whatever
+ the programmable completion code returns, and disable the default
+ filename completion that readline will do unless the COPT_DEFAULT
+ option has been set with the `-o default' option to complete or
+ compopt. */
+ if (foundcs)
+ {
+ pcomp_set_readline_variables (foundcs, 1);
+ /* Turn what the programmable completion code returns into what
+ readline wants. I should have made compute_lcd_of_matches
+ external... */
+ matches = rl_completion_matches (text, prog_complete_return);
+ if ((foundcs & COPT_DEFAULT) == 0)
+ rl_attempted_completion_over = 1; /* no default */
+ if (matches || ((foundcs & COPT_BASHDEFAULT) == 0))
+ return (matches);
+ }
+ }
+#endif
+
+ if (matches == 0)
+ {
+ dflags = 0;
+ if (in_command_position)
+ dflags |= DEFCOMP_CMDPOS;
+ matches = bash_default_completion (text, start, end, qc, dflags);
+ }
+
+ return matches;
+}
+
+char **
+bash_default_completion (text, start, end, qc, compflags)
+ const char *text;
+ int start, end, qc, compflags;
+{
+ char **matches;
+
+ matches = (char **)NULL;
+
+ /* New posix-style command substitution or variable name? */
+ if (!matches && *text == '$')
+ {
+ if (qc != '\'' && text[1] == '(') /* ) */
+ matches = rl_completion_matches (text, command_subst_completion_function);
+ else
+ matches = rl_completion_matches (text, variable_completion_function);
+ }
+
+ /* If the word starts in `~', and there is no slash in the word, then
+ try completing this word as a username. */
+ if (!matches && *text == '~' && !xstrchr (text, '/'))
+ matches = rl_completion_matches (text, rl_username_completion_function);
+
+ /* Another one. Why not? If the word starts in '@', then look through
+ the world of known hostnames for completion first. */
+ if (!matches && perform_hostname_completion && *text == '@')
+ matches = rl_completion_matches (text, hostname_completion_function);
+
+ /* And last, (but not least) if this word is in a command position, then
+ complete over possible command names, including aliases, functions,
+ and command names. */
+ if (matches == 0 && (compflags & DEFCOMP_CMDPOS))
+ {
+ /* If END == START and text[0] == 0, we are trying to complete an empty
+ command word. */
+ if (no_empty_command_completion && end == start && text[0] == '\0')
+ {
+ matches = (char **)NULL;
+ rl_ignore_some_completions_function = bash_ignore_everything;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+#define CMD_IS_DIR(x) (absolute_pathname(x) == 0 && absolute_program(x) == 0 && *(x) != '~' && test_for_directory (x))
+
+ dot_in_path = 0;
+ matches = rl_completion_matches (text, command_word_completion_function);
+
+ /* If we are attempting command completion and nothing matches, we
+ do not want readline to perform filename completion for us. We
+ still want to be able to complete partial pathnames, so set the
+ completion ignore function to something which will remove
+ filenames and leave directories in the match list. */
+ if (matches == (char **)NULL)
+ rl_ignore_some_completions_function = bash_ignore_filenames;
+ else if (matches[1] == 0 && CMD_IS_DIR(matches[0]) && dot_in_path == 0)
+ /* If we found a single match, without looking in the current
+ directory (because it's not in $PATH), but the found name is
+ also a command in the current directory, suppress appending any
+ terminating character, since it's ambiguous. */
+ {
+ rl_completion_suppress_append = 1;
+ rl_filename_completion_desired = 0;
+ }
+ else if (matches[0] && matches[1] && STREQ (matches[0], matches[1]) && CMD_IS_DIR (matches[0]))
+ /* There are multiple instances of the same match (duplicate
+ completions haven't yet been removed). In this case, all of
+ the matches will be the same, and the duplicate removal code
+ will distill them all down to one. We turn on
+ rl_completion_suppress_append for the same reason as above.
+ Remember: we only care if there's eventually a single unique
+ completion. If there are multiple completions this won't
+ make a difference and the problem won't occur. */
+ {
+ rl_completion_suppress_append = 1;
+ rl_filename_completion_desired = 0;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* This could be a globbing pattern, so try to expand it using pathname
+ expansion. */
+ if (!matches && glob_pattern_p (text))
+ {
+ matches = rl_completion_matches (text, glob_complete_word);
+ /* A glob expression that matches more than one filename is problematic.
+ If we match more than one filename, punt. */
+ if (matches && matches[1] && rl_completion_type == TAB)
+ {
+ strvec_dispose (matches);
+ matches = (char **)0;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return (matches);
+}
+
+/* This is the function to call when the word to complete is in a position
+ where a command word can be found. It grovels $PATH, looking for commands
+ that match. It also scans aliases, function names, and the shell_builtin
+ table. */
+char *
+command_word_completion_function (hint_text, state)
+ const char *hint_text;
+ int state;
+{
+ static char *hint = (char *)NULL;
+ static char *path = (char *)NULL;
+ static char *val = (char *)NULL;
+ static char *filename_hint = (char *)NULL;
+ static char *dequoted_hint = (char *)NULL;
+ static char *directory_part = (char *)NULL;
+ static char **glob_matches = (char **)NULL;
+ static int path_index, hint_len, dequoted_len, istate, igncase;
+ static int mapping_over, local_index, searching_path, hint_is_dir;
+ static int old_glob_ignore_case;
+ static SHELL_VAR **varlist = (SHELL_VAR **)NULL;
+#if defined (ALIAS)
+ static alias_t **alias_list = (alias_t **)NULL;
+#endif /* ALIAS */
+ char *temp;
+
+ /* We have to map over the possibilities for command words. If we have
+ no state, then make one just for that purpose. */
+ if (state == 0)
+ {
+ if (dequoted_hint && dequoted_hint != hint)
+ free (dequoted_hint);
+ if (hint)
+ free (hint);
+
+ mapping_over = searching_path = 0;
+ hint_is_dir = CMD_IS_DIR (hint_text);
+ val = (char *)NULL;
+
+ temp = rl_variable_value ("completion-ignore-case");
+ igncase = strcmp (temp, "on") == 0;
+
+ if (glob_matches)
+ {
+ strvec_dispose (glob_matches);
+ glob_matches = (char **)NULL;
+ }
+
+ if (glob_pattern_p (hint_text))
+ {
+ hint = (*hint_text == '~') ? bash_tilde_expand (hint_text, 0) : savestring (hint_text);
+
+ old_glob_ignore_case = glob_ignore_case;
+
+ local_index = 0;
+ mapping_over = 5;
+ goto globword;
+ }
+
+ /* If this is an absolute program name, do not check it against
+ aliases, reserved words, functions or builtins. We must check
+ whether or not it is unique, and, if so, whether that filename
+ is executable. */
+ if (absolute_program (hint_text))
+ {
+ /* Perform tilde expansion on what's passed, so we don't end up
+ passing filenames with tildes directly to stat(). */
+ if (*hint_text == '~')
+ {
+ hint = bash_tilde_expand (hint_text, 0);
+ directory_part = savestring (hint_text);
+ temp = strchr (directory_part, '/');
+ if (temp)
+ *temp = 0;
+ else
+ {
+ free (directory_part);
+ directory_part = (char *)NULL;
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ hint = savestring (hint_text);
+
+ dequoted_hint = hint;
+ /* If readline's completer found a quote character somewhere, but
+ didn't set the quote character, there must have been a quote
+ character embedded in the filename. It can't be at the start of
+ the filename, so we need to dequote the filename before we look
+ in the file system for it. */
+ if (rl_completion_found_quote && rl_completion_quote_character == 0)
+ {
+ dequoted_hint = bash_dequote_filename (hint, 0);
+ free (hint);
+ hint = dequoted_hint;
+ }
+ dequoted_len = hint_len = strlen (hint);
+
+ if (filename_hint)
+ free (filename_hint);
+
+ filename_hint = savestring (hint);
+
+ mapping_over = 4;
+ istate = 0;
+ goto inner;
+ }
+
+ dequoted_hint = hint = savestring (hint_text);
+ dequoted_len = hint_len = strlen (hint);
+
+ if (rl_completion_found_quote && rl_completion_quote_character == 0)
+ {
+ dequoted_hint = bash_dequote_filename (hint, 0);
+ dequoted_len = strlen (dequoted_hint);
+ }
+
+ path = get_string_value ("PATH");
+ path_index = dot_in_path = 0;
+
+ /* Initialize the variables for each type of command word. */
+ local_index = 0;
+
+ if (varlist)
+ free (varlist);
+
+ varlist = all_visible_functions ();
+
+#if defined (ALIAS)
+ if (alias_list)
+ free (alias_list);
+
+ alias_list = all_aliases ();
+#endif /* ALIAS */
+ }
+
+ /* mapping_over says what we are currently hacking. Note that every case
+ in this list must fall through when there are no more possibilities. */
+
+ switch (mapping_over)
+ {
+ case 0: /* Aliases come first. */
+#if defined (ALIAS)
+ while (alias_list && alias_list[local_index])
+ {
+ register char *alias;
+
+ alias = alias_list[local_index++]->name;
+
+ if (STREQN (alias, hint, hint_len))
+ return (savestring (alias));
+ }
+#endif /* ALIAS */
+ local_index = 0;
+ mapping_over++;
+
+ case 1: /* Then shell reserved words. */
+ {
+ while (word_token_alist[local_index].word)
+ {
+ register char *reserved_word;
+
+ reserved_word = word_token_alist[local_index++].word;
+
+ if (STREQN (reserved_word, hint, hint_len))
+ return (savestring (reserved_word));
+ }
+ local_index = 0;
+ mapping_over++;
+ }
+
+ case 2: /* Then function names. */
+ while (varlist && varlist[local_index])
+ {
+ register char *varname;
+
+ varname = varlist[local_index++]->name;
+
+ if (STREQN (varname, hint, hint_len))
+ return (savestring (varname));
+ }
+ local_index = 0;
+ mapping_over++;
+
+ case 3: /* Then shell builtins. */
+ for (; local_index < num_shell_builtins; local_index++)
+ {
+ /* Ignore it if it doesn't have a function pointer or if it
+ is not currently enabled. */
+ if (!shell_builtins[local_index].function ||
+ (shell_builtins[local_index].flags & BUILTIN_ENABLED) == 0)
+ continue;
+
+ if (STREQN (shell_builtins[local_index].name, hint, hint_len))
+ {
+ int i = local_index++;
+
+ return (savestring (shell_builtins[i].name));
+ }
+ }
+ local_index = 0;
+ mapping_over++;
+ }
+
+globword:
+ /* Limited support for completing command words with globbing chars. Only
+ a single match (multiple matches that end up reducing the number of
+ characters in the common prefix are bad) will ever be returned. */
+ if (glob_pattern_p (hint))
+ {
+ if (state > 0)
+ {
+ glob_ignore_case = old_glob_ignore_case;
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ }
+ glob_ignore_case = igncase;
+ glob_matches = shell_glob_filename (hint);
+ glob_ignore_case = old_glob_ignore_case;
+ if (GLOB_FAILED (glob_matches))
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ if (glob_matches && glob_matches[1]) /* multiple matches are bad */
+ {
+ strvec_dispose (glob_matches);
+ glob_matches = (char **)NULL;
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ }
+ val = glob_matches[0];
+ free (glob_matches);
+ glob_matches = (char **)NULL;
+ if (val && executable_or_directory (val))
+ return (val);
+ free (val);
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ }
+
+ /* If the text passed is a directory in the current directory, return it
+ as a possible match. Executables in directories in the current
+ directory can be specified using relative pathnames and successfully
+ executed even when `.' is not in $PATH. */
+ if (hint_is_dir)
+ {
+ hint_is_dir = 0; /* only return the hint text once */
+ return (savestring (hint_text));
+ }
+
+ /* Repeatedly call filename_completion_function while we have
+ members of PATH left. Question: should we stat each file?
+ Answer: we call executable_file () on each file. */
+ outer:
+
+ istate = (val != (char *)NULL);
+
+ if (istate == 0)
+ {
+ char *current_path;
+
+ /* Get the next directory from the path. If there is none, then we
+ are all done. */
+ if (!path || !path[path_index] ||
+ (current_path = extract_colon_unit (path, &path_index)) == 0)
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+
+ searching_path = 1;
+ if (*current_path == 0)
+ {
+ free (current_path);
+ current_path = savestring (".");
+ }
+
+ if (*current_path == '~')
+ {
+ char *t;
+
+ t = bash_tilde_expand (current_path, 0);
+ free (current_path);
+ current_path = t;
+ }
+
+ if (current_path[0] == '.' && current_path[1] == '\0')
+ dot_in_path = 1;
+
+ if (filename_hint)
+ free (filename_hint);
+
+ filename_hint = sh_makepath (current_path, hint, 0);
+ }
+
+ inner:
+ val = rl_filename_completion_function (filename_hint, istate);
+ istate = 1;
+
+ if (val == 0)
+ {
+ /* If the hint text is an absolute program, then don't bother
+ searching through PATH. */
+ if (absolute_program (hint))
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+
+ goto outer;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ int match, freetemp;
+
+ if (absolute_program (hint))
+ {
+ if (igncase == 0)
+ match = strncmp (val, hint, hint_len) == 0;
+ else
+ match = strncasecmp (val, hint, hint_len) == 0;
+
+ /* If we performed tilde expansion, restore the original
+ filename. */
+ if (*hint_text == '~')
+ {
+ int l, vl, dl, dl2, xl;
+ char *rd, *dh2, *expdir;
+
+ vl = strlen (val);
+
+ rd = savestring (filename_hint);
+ bash_directory_expansion (&rd);
+ dl = strlen (rd);
+ free (rd);
+
+ dh2 = directory_part ? bash_dequote_filename (directory_part, 0) : 0;
+ bash_directory_expansion (&dh2);
+ dl2 = strlen (dh2);
+
+ expdir = bash_tilde_expand (directory_part, 0);
+ xl = strlen (expdir);
+ free (expdir);
+
+ /*
+ dh2 = unexpanded but dequoted tilde-prefix
+ dl = length of entire passed filename
+ dl2 = length of tilde-prefix
+ expdir = tilde-expanded tilde-prefix
+ xl = length of expanded tilde-prefix
+ l = length of remainder after tilde-prefix
+ */
+ l = (vl - xl) + 1;
+
+ temp = (char *)xmalloc (dl2 + 2 + l);
+ strcpy (temp, dh2);
+ strcpy (temp + dl2, val + xl);
+
+ free (dh2);
+ }
+ else
+ temp = savestring (val);
+ freetemp = 1;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ temp = strrchr (val, '/');
+
+ if (temp)
+ {
+ temp++;
+ if (igncase == 0)
+ freetemp = match = strncmp (temp, hint, hint_len) == 0;
+ else
+ freetemp = match = strncasecmp (temp, hint, hint_len) == 0;
+ if (match)
+ temp = savestring (temp);
+ }
+ else
+ freetemp = match = 0;
+ }
+
+#if 0
+ /* If we have found a match, and it is an executable file or a
+ directory name, return it. */
+ if (match && executable_or_directory (val))
+#else
+ /* If we have found a match, and it is an executable file, return it.
+ We don't return directory names when searching $PATH, since the
+ bash execution code won't find executables in directories which
+ appear in directories in $PATH when they're specified using
+ relative pathnames. */
+ if (match && (searching_path ? executable_file (val) : executable_or_directory (val)))
+#endif
+ {
+ free (val);
+ val = ""; /* So it won't be NULL. */
+ return (temp);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ if (freetemp)
+ free (temp);
+ free (val);
+ goto inner;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+/* Completion inside an unterminated command substitution. */
+static char *
+command_subst_completion_function (text, state)
+ const char *text;
+ int state;
+{
+ static char **matches = (char **)NULL;
+ static const char *orig_start;
+ static char *filename_text = (char *)NULL;
+ static int cmd_index, start_len;
+ char *value;
+
+ if (state == 0)
+ {
+ if (filename_text)
+ free (filename_text);
+ orig_start = text;
+ if (*text == '`')
+ text++;
+ else if (*text == '$' && text[1] == '(') /* ) */
+ text += 2;
+ /* If the text was quoted, suppress any quote character that the
+ readline completion code would insert. */
+ rl_completion_suppress_quote = 1;
+ start_len = text - orig_start;
+ filename_text = savestring (text);
+ if (matches)
+ free (matches);
+
+ /*
+ * At this point we can entertain the idea of re-parsing
+ * `filename_text' into a (possibly incomplete) command name and
+ * arguments, and doing completion based on that. This is
+ * currently very rudimentary, but it is a small improvement.
+ */
+ for (value = filename_text + strlen (filename_text) - 1; value > filename_text; value--)
+ if (whitespace (*value) || member (*value, COMMAND_SEPARATORS))
+ break;
+ if (value <= filename_text)
+ matches = rl_completion_matches (filename_text, command_word_completion_function);
+ else
+ {
+ value++;
+ start_len += value - filename_text;
+ if (whitespace (value[-1]))
+ matches = rl_completion_matches (value, rl_filename_completion_function);
+ else
+ matches = rl_completion_matches (value, command_word_completion_function);
+ }
+
+ /* If there is more than one match, rl_completion_matches has already
+ put the lcd in matches[0]. Skip over it. */
+ cmd_index = matches && matches[0] && matches[1];
+
+ /* If there's a single match and it's a directory, set the append char
+ to the expected `/'. Otherwise, don't append anything. */
+ if (matches && matches[0] && matches[1] == 0 && test_for_directory (matches[0]))
+ rl_completion_append_character = '/';
+ else
+ rl_completion_suppress_append = 1;
+ }
+
+ if (!matches || !matches[cmd_index])
+ {
+ rl_filename_quoting_desired = 0; /* disable quoting */
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ value = (char *)xmalloc (1 + start_len + strlen (matches[cmd_index]));
+
+ if (start_len == 1)
+ value[0] = *orig_start;
+ else
+ strncpy (value, orig_start, start_len);
+
+ strcpy (value + start_len, matches[cmd_index]);
+
+ cmd_index++;
+ return (value);
+ }
+}
+
+/* Okay, now we write the entry_function for variable completion. */
+static char *
+variable_completion_function (text, state)
+ const char *text;
+ int state;
+{
+ static char **varlist = (char **)NULL;
+ static int varlist_index;
+ static char *varname = (char *)NULL;
+ static int namelen;
+ static int first_char, first_char_loc;
+
+ if (!state)
+ {
+ if (varname)
+ free (varname);
+
+ first_char_loc = 0;
+ first_char = text[0];
+
+ if (first_char == '$')
+ first_char_loc++;
+
+ if (text[first_char_loc] == '{')
+ first_char_loc++;
+
+ varname = savestring (text + first_char_loc);
+
+ namelen = strlen (varname);
+ if (varlist)
+ strvec_dispose (varlist);
+
+ varlist = all_variables_matching_prefix (varname);
+ varlist_index = 0;
+ }
+
+ if (!varlist || !varlist[varlist_index])
+ {
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ char *value;
+
+ value = (char *)xmalloc (4 + strlen (varlist[varlist_index]));
+
+ if (first_char_loc)
+ {
+ value[0] = first_char;
+ if (first_char_loc == 2)
+ value[1] = '{';
+ }
+
+ strcpy (value + first_char_loc, varlist[varlist_index]);
+ if (first_char_loc == 2)
+ strcat (value, "}");
+
+ varlist_index++;
+ return (value);
+ }
+}
+
+/* How about a completion function for hostnames? */
+static char *
+hostname_completion_function (text, state)
+ const char *text;
+ int state;
+{
+ static char **list = (char **)NULL;
+ static int list_index = 0;
+ static int first_char, first_char_loc;
+
+ /* If we don't have any state, make some. */
+ if (state == 0)
+ {
+ FREE (list);
+
+ list = (char **)NULL;
+
+ first_char_loc = 0;
+ first_char = *text;
+
+ if (first_char == '@')
+ first_char_loc++;
+
+ list = hostnames_matching ((char *)text+first_char_loc);
+ list_index = 0;
+ }
+
+ if (list && list[list_index])
+ {
+ char *t;
+
+ t = (char *)xmalloc (2 + strlen (list[list_index]));
+ *t = first_char;
+ strcpy (t + first_char_loc, list[list_index]);
+ list_index++;
+ return (t);
+ }
+
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+}
+
+/*
+ * A completion function for service names from /etc/services (or wherever).
+ */
+char *
+bash_servicename_completion_function (text, state)
+ const char *text;
+ int state;
+{
+#if defined (__WIN32__) || defined (__OPENNT) || !defined (HAVE_GETSERVENT)
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+#else
+ static char *sname = (char *)NULL;
+ static struct servent *srvent;
+ static int snamelen, firstc;
+ char *value;
+ char **alist, *aentry;
+ int afound;
+
+ if (state == 0)
+ {
+ FREE (sname);
+ firstc = *text;
+
+ sname = savestring (text);
+ snamelen = strlen (sname);
+ setservent (0);
+ }
+
+ while (srvent = getservent ())
+ {
+ afound = 0;
+ if (snamelen == 0 || (STREQN (sname, srvent->s_name, snamelen)))
+ break;
+ /* Not primary, check aliases */
+ for (alist = srvent->s_aliases; *alist; alist++)
+ {
+ aentry = *alist;
+ if (STREQN (sname, aentry, snamelen))
+ {
+ afound = 1;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (afound)
+ break;
+ }
+
+ if (srvent == 0)
+ {
+ endservent ();
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ }
+
+ value = afound ? savestring (aentry) : savestring (srvent->s_name);
+ return value;
+#endif
+}
+
+/*
+ * A completion function for group names from /etc/group (or wherever).
+ */
+char *
+bash_groupname_completion_function (text, state)
+ const char *text;
+ int state;
+{
+#if defined (__WIN32__) || defined (__OPENNT) || !defined (HAVE_GRP_H)
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+#else
+ static char *gname = (char *)NULL;
+ static struct group *grent;
+ static int gnamelen;
+ char *value;
+
+ if (state == 0)
+ {
+ FREE (gname);
+ gname = savestring (text);
+ gnamelen = strlen (gname);
+
+ setgrent ();
+ }
+
+ while (grent = getgrent ())
+ {
+ if (gnamelen == 0 || (STREQN (gname, grent->gr_name, gnamelen)))
+ break;
+ }
+
+ if (grent == 0)
+ {
+ endgrent ();
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ }
+
+ value = savestring (grent->gr_name);
+ return (value);
+#endif
+}
+
+/* Functions to perform history and alias expansions on the current line. */
+
+#if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
+/* Perform history expansion on the current line. If no history expansion
+ is done, pre_process_line() returns what it was passed, so we need to
+ allocate a new line here. */
+static char *
+history_expand_line_internal (line)
+ char *line;
+{
+ char *new_line;
+ int old_verify;
+
+ old_verify = hist_verify;
+ hist_verify = 0;
+ new_line = pre_process_line (line, 0, 0);
+ hist_verify = old_verify;
+
+ return (new_line == line) ? savestring (line) : new_line;
+}
+#endif
+
+/* There was an error in expansion. Let the preprocessor print
+ the error here. */
+static void
+cleanup_expansion_error ()
+{
+ char *to_free;
+#if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
+ int old_verify;
+
+ old_verify = hist_verify;
+ hist_verify = 0;
+#endif
+
+ fprintf (rl_outstream, "\r\n");
+ to_free = pre_process_line (rl_line_buffer, 1, 0);
+#if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
+ hist_verify = old_verify;
+#endif
+ if (to_free != rl_line_buffer)
+ FREE (to_free);
+ putc ('\r', rl_outstream);
+ rl_forced_update_display ();
+}
+
+/* If NEW_LINE differs from what is in the readline line buffer, add an
+ undo record to get from the readline line buffer contents to the new
+ line and make NEW_LINE the current readline line. */
+static void
+maybe_make_readline_line (new_line)
+ char *new_line;
+{
+ if (strcmp (new_line, rl_line_buffer) != 0)
+ {
+ rl_point = rl_end;
+
+ rl_add_undo (UNDO_BEGIN, 0, 0, 0);
+ rl_delete_text (0, rl_point);
+ rl_point = rl_end = rl_mark = 0;
+ rl_insert_text (new_line);
+ rl_add_undo (UNDO_END, 0, 0, 0);
+ }
+}
+
+/* Make NEW_LINE be the current readline line. This frees NEW_LINE. */
+static void
+set_up_new_line (new_line)
+ char *new_line;
+{
+ int old_point, at_end;
+
+ old_point = rl_point;
+ at_end = rl_point == rl_end;
+
+ /* If the line was history and alias expanded, then make that
+ be one thing to undo. */
+ maybe_make_readline_line (new_line);
+ free (new_line);
+
+ /* Place rl_point where we think it should go. */
+ if (at_end)
+ rl_point = rl_end;
+ else if (old_point < rl_end)
+ {
+ rl_point = old_point;
+ if (!whitespace (rl_line_buffer[rl_point]))
+ rl_forward_word (1, 0);
+ }
+}
+
+#if defined (ALIAS)
+/* Expand aliases in the current readline line. */
+static int
+alias_expand_line (count, ignore)
+ int count, ignore;
+{
+ char *new_line;
+
+ new_line = alias_expand (rl_line_buffer);
+
+ if (new_line)
+ {
+ set_up_new_line (new_line);
+ return (0);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ cleanup_expansion_error ();
+ return (1);
+ }
+}
+#endif
+
+#if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
+/* History expand the line. */
+static int
+history_expand_line (count, ignore)
+ int count, ignore;
+{
+ char *new_line;
+
+ new_line = history_expand_line_internal (rl_line_buffer);
+
+ if (new_line)
+ {
+ set_up_new_line (new_line);
+ return (0);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ cleanup_expansion_error ();
+ return (1);
+ }
+}
+
+/* Expand history substitutions in the current line and then insert a
+ space (hopefully close to where we were before). */
+static int
+tcsh_magic_space (count, ignore)
+ int count, ignore;
+{
+ int dist_from_end, old_point;
+
+ old_point = rl_point;
+ dist_from_end = rl_end - rl_point;
+ if (history_expand_line (count, ignore) == 0)
+ {
+ /* Try a simple heuristic from Stephen Gildea <gildea@intouchsys.com>.
+ This works if all expansions were before rl_point or if no expansions
+ were performed. */
+ rl_point = (old_point == 0) ? old_point : rl_end - dist_from_end;
+ rl_insert (1, ' ');
+ return (0);
+ }
+ else
+ return (1);
+}
+#endif /* BANG_HISTORY */
+
+/* History and alias expand the line. */
+static int
+history_and_alias_expand_line (count, ignore)
+ int count, ignore;
+{
+ char *new_line;
+
+ new_line = 0;
+#if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
+ new_line = history_expand_line_internal (rl_line_buffer);
+#endif
+
+#if defined (ALIAS)
+ if (new_line)
+ {
+ char *alias_line;
+
+ alias_line = alias_expand (new_line);
+ free (new_line);
+ new_line = alias_line;
+ }
+#endif /* ALIAS */
+
+ if (new_line)
+ {
+ set_up_new_line (new_line);
+ return (0);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ cleanup_expansion_error ();
+ return (1);
+ }
+}
+
+/* History and alias expand the line, then perform the shell word
+ expansions by calling expand_string. This can't use set_up_new_line()
+ because we want the variable expansions as a separate undo'able
+ set of operations. */
+static int
+shell_expand_line (count, ignore)
+ int count, ignore;
+{
+ char *new_line;
+ WORD_LIST *expanded_string;
+
+ new_line = 0;
+#if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
+ new_line = history_expand_line_internal (rl_line_buffer);
+#endif
+
+#if defined (ALIAS)
+ if (new_line)
+ {
+ char *alias_line;
+
+ alias_line = alias_expand (new_line);
+ free (new_line);
+ new_line = alias_line;
+ }
+#endif /* ALIAS */
+
+ if (new_line)
+ {
+ int old_point = rl_point;
+ int at_end = rl_point == rl_end;
+
+ /* If the line was history and alias expanded, then make that
+ be one thing to undo. */
+ maybe_make_readline_line (new_line);
+ free (new_line);
+
+ /* If there is variable expansion to perform, do that as a separate
+ operation to be undone. */
+ new_line = savestring (rl_line_buffer);
+ expanded_string = expand_string (new_line, 0);
+ FREE (new_line);
+ if (expanded_string == 0)
+ {
+ new_line = (char *)xmalloc (1);
+ new_line[0] = '\0';
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ new_line = string_list (expanded_string);
+ dispose_words (expanded_string);
+ }
+
+ maybe_make_readline_line (new_line);
+ free (new_line);
+
+ /* Place rl_point where we think it should go. */
+ if (at_end)
+ rl_point = rl_end;
+ else if (old_point < rl_end)
+ {
+ rl_point = old_point;
+ if (!whitespace (rl_line_buffer[rl_point]))
+ rl_forward_word (1, 0);
+ }
+ return 0;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ cleanup_expansion_error ();
+ return 1;
+ }
+}
+
+/* If FIGNORE is set, then don't match files with the given suffixes when
+ completing filenames. If only one of the possibilities has an acceptable
+ suffix, delete the others, else just return and let the completer
+ signal an error. It is called by the completer when real
+ completions are done on filenames by the completer's internal
+ function, not for completion lists (M-?) and not on "other"
+ completion types, such as hostnames or commands. */
+
+static struct ignorevar fignore =
+{
+ "FIGNORE",
+ (struct ign *)0,
+ 0,
+ (char *)0,
+ (sh_iv_item_func_t *) 0,
+};
+
+static void
+_ignore_completion_names (names, name_func)
+ char **names;
+ sh_ignore_func_t *name_func;
+{
+ char **newnames;
+ int idx, nidx;
+ char **oldnames;
+ int oidx;
+
+ /* If there is only one completion, see if it is acceptable. If it is
+ not, free it up. In any case, short-circuit and return. This is a
+ special case because names[0] is not the prefix of the list of names
+ if there is only one completion; it is the completion itself. */
+ if (names[1] == (char *)0)
+ {
+ if (force_fignore)
+ if ((*name_func) (names[0]) == 0)
+ {
+ free (names[0]);
+ names[0] = (char *)NULL;
+ }
+
+ return;
+ }
+
+ /* Allocate space for array to hold list of pointers to matching
+ filenames. The pointers are copied back to NAMES when done. */
+ for (nidx = 1; names[nidx]; nidx++)
+ ;
+ newnames = strvec_create (nidx + 1);
+
+ if (force_fignore == 0)
+ {
+ oldnames = strvec_create (nidx - 1);
+ oidx = 0;
+ }
+
+ newnames[0] = names[0];
+ for (idx = nidx = 1; names[idx]; idx++)
+ {
+ if ((*name_func) (names[idx]))
+ newnames[nidx++] = names[idx];
+ else if (force_fignore == 0)
+ oldnames[oidx++] = names[idx];
+ else
+ free (names[idx]);
+ }
+
+ newnames[nidx] = (char *)NULL;
+
+ /* If none are acceptable then let the completer handle it. */
+ if (nidx == 1)
+ {
+ if (force_fignore)
+ {
+ free (names[0]);
+ names[0] = (char *)NULL;
+ }
+ else
+ free (oldnames);
+
+ free (newnames);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ if (force_fignore == 0)
+ {
+ while (oidx)
+ free (oldnames[--oidx]);
+ free (oldnames);
+ }
+
+ /* If only one is acceptable, copy it to names[0] and return. */
+ if (nidx == 2)
+ {
+ free (names[0]);
+ names[0] = newnames[1];
+ names[1] = (char *)NULL;
+ free (newnames);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ /* Copy the acceptable names back to NAMES, set the new array end,
+ and return. */
+ for (nidx = 1; newnames[nidx]; nidx++)
+ names[nidx] = newnames[nidx];
+ names[nidx] = (char *)NULL;
+ free (newnames);
+}
+
+static int
+name_is_acceptable (name)
+ const char *name;
+{
+ struct ign *p;
+ int nlen;
+
+ for (nlen = strlen (name), p = fignore.ignores; p->val; p++)
+ {
+ if (nlen > p->len && p->len > 0 && STREQ (p->val, &name[nlen - p->len]))
+ return (0);
+ }
+
+ return (1);
+}
+
+#if 0
+static int
+ignore_dot_names (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ return (name[0] != '.');
+}
+#endif
+
+static int
+filename_completion_ignore (names)
+ char **names;
+{
+#if 0
+ if (glob_dot_filenames == 0)
+ _ignore_completion_names (names, ignore_dot_names);
+#endif
+
+ setup_ignore_patterns (&fignore);
+
+ if (fignore.num_ignores == 0)
+ return 0;
+
+ _ignore_completion_names (names, name_is_acceptable);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/* Return 1 if NAME is a directory. NAME undergoes tilde expansion. */
+static int
+test_for_directory (name)
+ const char *name;
+{
+ char *fn;
+ int r;
+
+ fn = bash_tilde_expand (name, 0);
+ r = file_isdir (fn);
+ free (fn);
+
+ return (r);
+}
+
+/* Remove files from NAMES, leaving directories. */
+static int
+bash_ignore_filenames (names)
+ char **names;
+{
+ _ignore_completion_names (names, test_for_directory);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+return_zero (name)
+ const char *name;
+{
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+bash_ignore_everything (names)
+ char **names;
+{
+ _ignore_completion_names (names, return_zero);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/* Simulate the expansions that will be performed by
+ rl_filename_completion_function. This must be called with the address of
+ a pointer to malloc'd memory. */
+static void
+bash_directory_expansion (dirname)
+ char **dirname;
+{
+ char *d, *nd;
+
+ d = savestring (*dirname);
+
+ if (rl_directory_rewrite_hook)
+ (*rl_directory_rewrite_hook) (&d);
+
+ if (rl_directory_completion_hook && (*rl_directory_completion_hook) (&d))
+ {
+ free (*dirname);
+ *dirname = d;
+ }
+ else if (rl_completion_found_quote)
+ {
+ nd = bash_dequote_filename (d, rl_completion_quote_character);
+ free (*dirname);
+ free (d);
+ *dirname = nd;
+ }
+}
+
+/* Handle symbolic link references and other directory name
+ expansions while hacking completion. */
+static int
+bash_directory_completion_hook (dirname)
+ char **dirname;
+{
+ char *local_dirname, *new_dirname, *t;
+ int return_value, should_expand_dirname;
+ WORD_LIST *wl;
+ struct stat sb;
+
+ return_value = should_expand_dirname = 0;
+ local_dirname = *dirname;
+
+ if (xstrchr (local_dirname, '$'))
+ should_expand_dirname = 1;
+ else
+ {
+ t = xstrchr (local_dirname, '`');
+ if (t && unclosed_pair (local_dirname, strlen (local_dirname), "`") == 0)
+ should_expand_dirname = 1;
+ }
+
+#if defined (HAVE_LSTAT)
+ if (should_expand_dirname && lstat (local_dirname, &sb) == 0)
+#else
+ if (should_expand_dirname && stat (local_dirname, &sb) == 0)
+#endif
+ should_expand_dirname = 0;
+
+ if (should_expand_dirname)
+ {
+ new_dirname = savestring (local_dirname);
+ wl = expand_prompt_string (new_dirname, 0, W_NOCOMSUB); /* does the right thing */
+ if (wl)
+ {
+ *dirname = string_list (wl);
+ /* Tell the completer to replace the directory name only if we
+ actually expanded something. */
+ return_value = STREQ (local_dirname, *dirname) == 0;
+ free (local_dirname);
+ free (new_dirname);
+ dispose_words (wl);
+ local_dirname = *dirname;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ free (new_dirname);
+ free (local_dirname);
+ *dirname = (char *)xmalloc (1);
+ **dirname = '\0';
+ return 1;
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ /* Dequote the filename even if we don't expand it. */
+ new_dirname = bash_dequote_filename (local_dirname, rl_completion_quote_character);
+ free (local_dirname);
+ local_dirname = *dirname = new_dirname;
+ }
+
+ if (no_symbolic_links == 0 && (local_dirname[0] != '.' || local_dirname[1]))
+ {
+ char *temp1, *temp2;
+ int len1, len2;
+
+ t = get_working_directory ("symlink-hook");
+ temp1 = make_absolute (local_dirname, t);
+ free (t);
+ temp2 = sh_canonpath (temp1, PATH_CHECKDOTDOT|PATH_CHECKEXISTS);
+ /* If we can't canonicalize, bail. */
+ if (temp2 == 0)
+ {
+ free (temp1);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ len1 = strlen (temp1);
+ if (temp1[len1 - 1] == '/')
+ {
+ len2 = strlen (temp2);
+ if (len2 > 2) /* don't append `/' to `/' or `//' */
+ {
+ temp2 = (char *)xrealloc (temp2, len2 + 2);
+ temp2[len2] = '/';
+ temp2[len2 + 1] = '\0';
+ }
+ }
+ free (local_dirname);
+ *dirname = temp2;
+ free (temp1);
+ }
+ return (return_value);
+}
+
+static char **history_completion_array = (char **)NULL;
+static int harry_size;
+static int harry_len;
+
+static void
+build_history_completion_array ()
+{
+ register int i, j;
+ HIST_ENTRY **hlist;
+ char **tokens;
+
+ /* First, clear out the current dynamic history completion list. */
+ if (harry_size)
+ {
+ strvec_dispose (history_completion_array);
+ history_completion_array = (char **)NULL;
+ harry_size = 0;
+ harry_len = 0;
+ }
+
+ /* Next, grovel each line of history, making each shell-sized token
+ a separate entry in the history_completion_array. */
+ hlist = history_list ();
+
+ if (hlist)
+ {
+ for (i = 0; hlist[i]; i++)
+ {
+ /* Separate each token, and place into an array. */
+ tokens = history_tokenize (hlist[i]->line);
+
+ for (j = 0; tokens && tokens[j]; j++)
+ {
+ if (harry_len + 2 > harry_size)
+ history_completion_array = strvec_resize (history_completion_array, harry_size += 10);
+
+ history_completion_array[harry_len++] = tokens[j];
+ history_completion_array[harry_len] = (char *)NULL;
+ }
+ free (tokens);
+ }
+
+ /* Sort the complete list of tokens. */
+ qsort (history_completion_array, harry_len, sizeof (char *), (QSFUNC *)strvec_strcmp);
+ }
+}
+
+static char *
+history_completion_generator (hint_text, state)
+ const char *hint_text;
+ int state;
+{
+ static int local_index, len;
+ static const char *text;
+
+ /* If this is the first call to the generator, then initialize the
+ list of strings to complete over. */
+ if (state == 0)
+ {
+ local_index = 0;
+ build_history_completion_array ();
+ text = hint_text;
+ len = strlen (text);
+ }
+
+ while (history_completion_array && history_completion_array[local_index])
+ {
+ if (strncmp (text, history_completion_array[local_index++], len) == 0)
+ return (savestring (history_completion_array[local_index - 1]));
+ }
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+}
+
+static int
+dynamic_complete_history (count, key)
+ int count, key;
+{
+ int r;
+
+ rl_compentry_func_t *orig_func;
+ rl_completion_func_t *orig_attempt_func;
+
+ orig_func = rl_completion_entry_function;
+ orig_attempt_func = rl_attempted_completion_function;
+ rl_completion_entry_function = history_completion_generator;
+ rl_attempted_completion_function = (rl_completion_func_t *)NULL;
+
+ /* XXX - use rl_completion_mode here? */
+ if (rl_last_func == dynamic_complete_history)
+ r = rl_complete_internal ('?');
+ else
+ r = rl_complete_internal (TAB);
+
+ rl_completion_entry_function = orig_func;
+ rl_attempted_completion_function = orig_attempt_func;
+ return r;
+}
+
+#if defined (SPECIFIC_COMPLETION_FUNCTIONS)
+static int
+bash_complete_username (ignore, ignore2)
+ int ignore, ignore2;
+{
+ return bash_complete_username_internal (rl_completion_mode (bash_complete_username));
+}
+
+static int
+bash_possible_username_completions (ignore, ignore2)
+ int ignore, ignore2;
+{
+ return bash_complete_username_internal ('?');
+}
+
+static int
+bash_complete_username_internal (what_to_do)
+ int what_to_do;
+{
+ return bash_specific_completion (what_to_do, rl_username_completion_function);
+}
+
+static int
+bash_complete_filename (ignore, ignore2)
+ int ignore, ignore2;
+{
+ return bash_complete_filename_internal (rl_completion_mode (bash_complete_filename));
+}
+
+static int
+bash_possible_filename_completions (ignore, ignore2)
+ int ignore, ignore2;
+{
+ return bash_complete_filename_internal ('?');
+}
+
+static int
+bash_complete_filename_internal (what_to_do)
+ int what_to_do;
+{
+ rl_compentry_func_t *orig_func;
+ rl_completion_func_t *orig_attempt_func;
+ rl_icppfunc_t *orig_dir_func;
+ /*const*/ char *orig_rl_completer_word_break_characters;
+ int r;
+
+ orig_func = rl_completion_entry_function;
+ orig_attempt_func = rl_attempted_completion_function;
+ orig_dir_func = rl_directory_completion_hook;
+ orig_rl_completer_word_break_characters = rl_completer_word_break_characters;
+ rl_completion_entry_function = rl_filename_completion_function;
+ rl_attempted_completion_function = (rl_completion_func_t *)NULL;
+ rl_directory_completion_hook = (rl_icppfunc_t *)NULL;
+ rl_completer_word_break_characters = " \t\n\"\'";
+
+ r = rl_complete_internal (what_to_do);
+
+ rl_completion_entry_function = orig_func;
+ rl_attempted_completion_function = orig_attempt_func;
+ rl_directory_completion_hook = orig_dir_func;
+ rl_completer_word_break_characters = orig_rl_completer_word_break_characters;
+
+ return r;
+}
+
+static int
+bash_complete_hostname (ignore, ignore2)
+ int ignore, ignore2;
+{
+ return bash_complete_hostname_internal (rl_completion_mode (bash_complete_hostname));
+}
+
+static int
+bash_possible_hostname_completions (ignore, ignore2)
+ int ignore, ignore2;
+{
+ return bash_complete_hostname_internal ('?');
+}
+
+static int
+bash_complete_variable (ignore, ignore2)
+ int ignore, ignore2;
+{
+ return bash_complete_variable_internal (rl_completion_mode (bash_complete_variable));
+}
+
+static int
+bash_possible_variable_completions (ignore, ignore2)
+ int ignore, ignore2;
+{
+ return bash_complete_variable_internal ('?');
+}
+
+static int
+bash_complete_command (ignore, ignore2)
+ int ignore, ignore2;
+{
+ return bash_complete_command_internal (rl_completion_mode (bash_complete_command));
+}
+
+static int
+bash_possible_command_completions (ignore, ignore2)
+ int ignore, ignore2;
+{
+ return bash_complete_command_internal ('?');
+}
+
+static int
+bash_complete_hostname_internal (what_to_do)
+ int what_to_do;
+{
+ return bash_specific_completion (what_to_do, hostname_completion_function);
+}
+
+static int
+bash_complete_variable_internal (what_to_do)
+ int what_to_do;
+{
+ return bash_specific_completion (what_to_do, variable_completion_function);
+}
+
+static int
+bash_complete_command_internal (what_to_do)
+ int what_to_do;
+{
+ return bash_specific_completion (what_to_do, command_word_completion_function);
+}
+
+static char *globtext;
+static char *globorig;
+
+static char *
+glob_complete_word (text, state)
+ const char *text;
+ int state;
+{
+ static char **matches = (char **)NULL;
+ static int ind;
+ int glen;
+ char *ret, *ttext;
+
+ if (state == 0)
+ {
+ rl_filename_completion_desired = 1;
+ FREE (matches);
+ if (globorig != globtext)
+ FREE (globorig);
+ FREE (globtext);
+
+ ttext = bash_tilde_expand (text, 0);
+
+ if (rl_explicit_arg)
+ {
+ globorig = savestring (ttext);
+ glen = strlen (ttext);
+ globtext = (char *)xmalloc (glen + 2);
+ strcpy (globtext, ttext);
+ globtext[glen] = '*';
+ globtext[glen+1] = '\0';
+ }
+ else
+ globtext = globorig = savestring (ttext);
+
+ if (ttext != text)
+ free (ttext);
+
+ matches = shell_glob_filename (globtext);
+ if (GLOB_FAILED (matches))
+ matches = (char **)NULL;
+ ind = 0;
+ }
+
+ ret = matches ? matches[ind] : (char *)NULL;
+ ind++;
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static int
+bash_glob_completion_internal (what_to_do)
+ int what_to_do;
+{
+ return bash_specific_completion (what_to_do, glob_complete_word);
+}
+
+/* A special quoting function so we don't end up quoting globbing characters
+ in the word if there are no matches or multiple matches. */
+static char *
+bash_glob_quote_filename (s, rtype, qcp)
+ char *s;
+ int rtype;
+ char *qcp;
+{
+ if (globorig && qcp && *qcp == '\0' && STREQ (s, globorig))
+ return (savestring (s));
+ else
+ return (bash_quote_filename (s, rtype, qcp));
+}
+
+static int
+bash_glob_complete_word (count, key)
+ int count, key;
+{
+ int r;
+ rl_quote_func_t *orig_quoting_function;
+
+ if (rl_editing_mode == EMACS_EDITING_MODE)
+ rl_explicit_arg = 1; /* force `*' append */
+ orig_quoting_function = rl_filename_quoting_function;
+ rl_filename_quoting_function = bash_glob_quote_filename;
+
+ r = bash_glob_completion_internal (rl_completion_mode (bash_glob_complete_word));
+
+ rl_filename_quoting_function = orig_quoting_function;
+ return r;
+}
+
+static int
+bash_glob_expand_word (count, key)
+ int count, key;
+{
+ return bash_glob_completion_internal ('*');
+}
+
+static int
+bash_glob_list_expansions (count, key)
+ int count, key;
+{
+ return bash_glob_completion_internal ('?');
+}
+
+static int
+bash_specific_completion (what_to_do, generator)
+ int what_to_do;
+ rl_compentry_func_t *generator;
+{
+ rl_compentry_func_t *orig_func;
+ rl_completion_func_t *orig_attempt_func;
+ int r;
+
+ orig_func = rl_completion_entry_function;
+ orig_attempt_func = rl_attempted_completion_function;
+ rl_completion_entry_function = generator;
+ rl_attempted_completion_function = NULL;
+
+ r = rl_complete_internal (what_to_do);
+
+ rl_completion_entry_function = orig_func;
+ rl_attempted_completion_function = orig_attempt_func;
+
+ return r;
+}
+
+#endif /* SPECIFIC_COMPLETION_FUNCTIONS */
+
+#if defined (VI_MODE)
+/* Completion, from vi mode's point of view. This is a modified version of
+ rl_vi_complete which uses the bash globbing code to implement what POSIX
+ specifies, which is to append a `*' and attempt filename generation (which
+ has the side effect of expanding any globbing characters in the word). */
+static int
+bash_vi_complete (count, key)
+ int count, key;
+{
+#if defined (SPECIFIC_COMPLETION_FUNCTIONS)
+ int p, r;
+ char *t;
+
+ if ((rl_point < rl_end) && (!whitespace (rl_line_buffer[rl_point])))
+ {
+ if (!whitespace (rl_line_buffer[rl_point + 1]))
+ rl_vi_end_word (1, 'E');
+ rl_point++;
+ }
+
+ /* Find boundaries of current word, according to vi definition of a
+ `bigword'. */
+ t = 0;
+ if (rl_point > 0)
+ {
+ p = rl_point;
+ rl_vi_bWord (1, 'B');
+ r = rl_point;
+ rl_point = p;
+ p = r;
+
+ t = substring (rl_line_buffer, p, rl_point);
+ }
+
+ if (t && glob_pattern_p (t) == 0)
+ rl_explicit_arg = 1; /* XXX - force glob_complete_word to append `*' */
+ FREE (t);
+
+ if (key == '*') /* Expansion and replacement. */
+ r = bash_glob_expand_word (count, key);
+ else if (key == '=') /* List possible completions. */
+ r = bash_glob_list_expansions (count, key);
+ else if (key == '\\') /* Standard completion */
+ r = bash_glob_complete_word (count, key);
+ else
+ r = rl_complete (0, key);
+
+ if (key == '*' || key == '\\')
+ rl_vi_start_inserting (key, 1, 1);
+
+ return (r);
+#else
+ return rl_vi_complete (count, key);
+#endif /* !SPECIFIC_COMPLETION_FUNCTIONS */
+}
+#endif /* VI_MODE */
+
+/* Filename quoting for completion. */
+/* A function to strip unquoted quote characters (single quotes, double
+ quotes, and backslashes). It allows single quotes to appear
+ within double quotes, and vice versa. It should be smarter. */
+static char *
+bash_dequote_filename (text, quote_char)
+ char *text;
+ int quote_char;
+{
+ char *ret, *p, *r;
+ int l, quoted;
+
+ l = strlen (text);
+ ret = (char *)xmalloc (l + 1);
+ for (quoted = quote_char, p = text, r = ret; p && *p; p++)
+ {
+ /* Allow backslash-escaped characters to pass through unscathed. */
+ if (*p == '\\')
+ {
+ /* Backslashes are preserved within single quotes. */
+ if (quoted == '\'')
+ *r++ = *p;
+ /* Backslashes are preserved within double quotes unless the
+ character is one that is defined to be escaped */
+ else if (quoted == '"' && ((sh_syntaxtab[p[1]] & CBSDQUOTE) == 0))
+ *r++ = *p;
+
+ *r++ = *++p;
+ if (*p == '\0')
+ break;
+ continue;
+ }
+ /* Close quote. */
+ if (quoted && *p == quoted)
+ {
+ quoted = 0;
+ continue;
+ }
+ /* Open quote. */
+ if (quoted == 0 && (*p == '\'' || *p == '"'))
+ {
+ quoted = *p;
+ continue;
+ }
+ *r++ = *p;
+ }
+ *r = '\0';
+ return ret;
+}
+
+/* Quote characters that the readline completion code would treat as
+ word break characters with backslashes. Pass backslash-quoted
+ characters through without examination. */
+static char *
+quote_word_break_chars (text)
+ char *text;
+{
+ char *ret, *r, *s;
+ int l;
+
+ l = strlen (text);
+ ret = (char *)xmalloc ((2 * l) + 1);
+ for (s = text, r = ret; *s; s++)
+ {
+ /* Pass backslash-quoted characters through, including the backslash. */
+ if (*s == '\\')
+ {
+ *r++ = '\\';
+ *r++ = *++s;
+ if (*s == '\0')
+ break;
+ continue;
+ }
+ /* OK, we have an unquoted character. Check its presence in
+ rl_completer_word_break_characters. */
+ if (xstrchr (rl_completer_word_break_characters, *s))
+ *r++ = '\\';
+ *r++ = *s;
+ }
+ *r = '\0';
+ return ret;
+}
+
+/* Quote a filename using double quotes, single quotes, or backslashes
+ depending on the value of completion_quoting_style. If we're
+ completing using backslashes, we need to quote some additional
+ characters (those that readline treats as word breaks), so we call
+ quote_word_break_chars on the result. This returns newly-allocated
+ memory. */
+static char *
+bash_quote_filename (s, rtype, qcp)
+ char *s;
+ int rtype;
+ char *qcp;
+{
+ char *rtext, *mtext, *ret;
+ int rlen, cs;
+
+ rtext = (char *)NULL;
+
+ /* If RTYPE == MULT_MATCH, it means that there is
+ more than one match. In this case, we do not add
+ the closing quote or attempt to perform tilde
+ expansion. If RTYPE == SINGLE_MATCH, we try
+ to perform tilde expansion, because single and double
+ quotes inhibit tilde expansion by the shell. */
+
+ cs = completion_quoting_style;
+ /* Might need to modify the default completion style based on *qcp,
+ since it's set to any user-provided opening quote. We also change
+ to single-quoting if there is no user-provided opening quote and
+ the word being completed contains newlines, since those are not
+ quoted correctly using backslashes (a backslash-newline pair is
+ special to the shell parser). */
+ if (*qcp == '\0' && cs == COMPLETE_BSQUOTE && xstrchr (s, '\n'))
+ cs = COMPLETE_SQUOTE;
+ else if (*qcp == '"')
+ cs = COMPLETE_DQUOTE;
+ else if (*qcp == '\'')
+ cs = COMPLETE_SQUOTE;
+#if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
+ else if (*qcp == '\0' && history_expansion && cs == COMPLETE_DQUOTE &&
+ history_expansion_inhibited == 0 && xstrchr (s, '!'))
+ cs = COMPLETE_BSQUOTE;
+
+ if (*qcp == '"' && history_expansion && cs == COMPLETE_DQUOTE &&
+ history_expansion_inhibited == 0 && xstrchr (s, '!'))
+ {
+ cs = COMPLETE_BSQUOTE;
+ *qcp = '\0';
+ }
+#endif
+
+ /* Don't tilde-expand backslash-quoted filenames, since only single and
+ double quotes inhibit tilde expansion. */
+ mtext = s;
+ if (mtext[0] == '~' && rtype == SINGLE_MATCH && cs != COMPLETE_BSQUOTE)
+ mtext = bash_tilde_expand (s, 0);
+
+ switch (cs)
+ {
+ case COMPLETE_DQUOTE:
+ rtext = sh_double_quote (mtext);
+ break;
+ case COMPLETE_SQUOTE:
+ rtext = sh_single_quote (mtext);
+ break;
+ case COMPLETE_BSQUOTE:
+ rtext = sh_backslash_quote (mtext);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ if (mtext != s)
+ free (mtext);
+
+ /* We may need to quote additional characters: those that readline treats
+ as word breaks that are not quoted by backslash_quote. */
+ if (rtext && cs == COMPLETE_BSQUOTE)
+ {
+ mtext = quote_word_break_chars (rtext);
+ free (rtext);
+ rtext = mtext;
+ }
+
+ /* Leave the opening quote intact. The readline completion code takes
+ care of avoiding doubled opening quotes. */
+ rlen = strlen (rtext);
+ ret = (char *)xmalloc (rlen + 1);
+ strcpy (ret, rtext);
+
+ /* If there are multiple matches, cut off the closing quote. */
+ if (rtype == MULT_MATCH && cs != COMPLETE_BSQUOTE)
+ ret[rlen - 1] = '\0';
+ free (rtext);
+ return ret;
+}
+
+/* Support for binding readline key sequences to Unix commands. */
+static Keymap cmd_xmap;
+
+static int
+bash_execute_unix_command (count, key)
+ int count; /* ignored */
+ int key;
+{
+ Keymap ckmap; /* current keymap */
+ Keymap xkmap; /* unix command executing keymap */
+ register int i;
+ char *cmd;
+ sh_parser_state_t ps;
+
+ /* First, we need to find the right command to execute. This is tricky,
+ because we might have already indirected into another keymap. */
+ ckmap = rl_get_keymap ();
+ if (ckmap != rl_executing_keymap)
+ {
+ /* bogus. we have to search. only handle one level of indirection. */
+ for (i = 0; i < KEYMAP_SIZE; i++)
+ {
+ if (ckmap[i].type == ISKMAP && (Keymap)ckmap[i].function == rl_executing_keymap)
+ break;
+ }
+ if (i < KEYMAP_SIZE)
+ xkmap = (Keymap)cmd_xmap[i].function;
+ else
+ {
+ rl_crlf ();
+ internal_error (_("bash_execute_unix_command: cannot find keymap for command"));
+ rl_forced_update_display ();
+ return 1;
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ xkmap = cmd_xmap;
+
+ cmd = (char *)xkmap[key].function;
+
+ if (cmd == 0)
+ {
+ rl_ding ();
+ return 1;
+ }
+
+ rl_crlf (); /* move to a new line */
+
+ save_parser_state (&ps);
+
+ cmd = savestring (cmd);
+ parse_and_execute (cmd, "bash_execute_unix_command", SEVAL_NOHIST);
+
+ restore_parser_state (&ps);
+
+ /* and restore the readline buffer and display after command execution. */
+ rl_forced_update_display ();
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static void
+init_unix_command_map ()
+{
+ cmd_xmap = rl_make_bare_keymap ();
+}
+
+static int
+isolate_sequence (string, ind, need_dquote, startp)
+ char *string;
+ int ind, need_dquote, *startp;
+{
+ register int i;
+ int c, passc, delim;
+
+ for (i = ind; string[i] && whitespace (string[i]); i++)
+ ;
+ /* NEED_DQUOTE means that the first non-white character *must* be `"'. */
+ if (need_dquote && string[i] != '"')
+ {
+ builtin_error (_("%s: first non-whitespace character is not `\"'"), string);
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ /* We can have delimited strings even if NEED_DQUOTE == 0, like the command
+ string to bind the key sequence to. */
+ delim = (string[i] == '"' || string[i] == '\'') ? string[i] : 0;
+
+ if (startp)
+ *startp = delim ? ++i : i;
+
+ for (passc = 0; c = string[i]; i++)
+ {
+ if (passc)
+ {
+ passc = 0;
+ continue;
+ }
+ if (c == '\\')
+ {
+ passc++;
+ continue;
+ }
+ if (c == delim)
+ break;
+ }
+
+ if (delim && string[i] != delim)
+ {
+ builtin_error (_("no closing `%c' in %s"), delim, string);
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ return i;
+}
+
+int
+bind_keyseq_to_unix_command (line)
+ char *line;
+{
+ Keymap kmap;
+ char *kseq, *value;
+ int i, kstart;
+
+ if (cmd_xmap == 0)
+ init_unix_command_map ();
+
+ kmap = rl_get_keymap ();
+
+ /* We duplicate some of the work done by rl_parse_and_bind here, but
+ this code only has to handle `"keyseq": ["]command["]' and can
+ generate an error for anything else. */
+ i = isolate_sequence (line, 0, 1, &kstart);
+ if (i < 0)
+ return -1;
+
+ /* Create the key sequence string to pass to rl_generic_bind */
+ kseq = substring (line, kstart, i);
+
+ for ( ; line[i] && line[i] != ':'; i++)
+ ;
+ if (line[i] != ':')
+ {
+ builtin_error (_("%s: missing colon separator"), line);
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ i = isolate_sequence (line, i + 1, 0, &kstart);
+ if (i < 0)
+ return -1;
+
+ /* Create the value string containing the command to execute. */
+ value = substring (line, kstart, i);
+
+ /* Save the command to execute and the key sequence in the CMD_XMAP */
+ rl_generic_bind (ISMACR, kseq, value, cmd_xmap);
+
+ /* and bind the key sequence in the current keymap to a function that
+ understands how to execute from CMD_XMAP */
+ rl_bind_keyseq_in_map (kseq, bash_execute_unix_command, kmap);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/* Used by the programmable completion code. Complete TEXT as a filename,
+ but return only directories as matches. Dequotes the filename before
+ attempting to find matches. */
+char **
+bash_directory_completion_matches (text)
+ const char *text;
+{
+ char **m1;
+ char *dfn;
+ int qc;
+
+ qc = rl_dispatching ? rl_completion_quote_character : 0;
+ dfn = bash_dequote_filename ((char *)text, qc);
+ m1 = rl_completion_matches (dfn, rl_filename_completion_function);
+ free (dfn);
+
+ if (m1 == 0 || m1[0] == 0)
+ return m1;
+ /* We don't bother recomputing the lcd of the matches, because it will just
+ get thrown away by the programmable completion code and recomputed
+ later. */
+ (void)bash_ignore_filenames (m1);
+ return m1;
+}
+
+char *
+bash_dequote_text (text)
+ const char *text;
+{
+ char *dtxt;
+ int qc;
+
+ qc = (text[0] == '"' || text[0] == '\'') ? text[0] : 0;
+ dtxt = bash_dequote_filename ((char *)text, qc);
+ return (dtxt);
+}
+#endif /* READLINE */
--- /dev/null
+/* bashline.c -- Bash's interface to the readline library. */
+
+/* Copyright (C) 1987-2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+ This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+
+ Bash is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
+ any later version.
+
+ Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
+ or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public
+ License for more details.
+
+ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ along with Bash; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free
+ Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111 USA. */
+
+#include "config.h"
+
+#if defined (READLINE)
+
+#include "bashtypes.h"
+#include "posixstat.h"
+
+#if defined (HAVE_UNISTD_H)
+# include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+
+#if defined (HAVE_GRP_H)
+# include <grp.h>
+#endif
+
+#if defined (HAVE_NETDB_H)
+# include <netdb.h>
+#endif
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include "chartypes.h"
+#include "bashansi.h"
+#include "bashintl.h"
+
+#include "shell.h"
+#include "input.h"
+#include "builtins.h"
+#include "bashhist.h"
+#include "bashline.h"
+#include "execute_cmd.h"
+#include "findcmd.h"
+#include "pathexp.h"
+#include "builtins/common.h"
+#include <readline/rlconf.h>
+#include <readline/readline.h>
+#include <readline/history.h>
+
+#include <glob/glob.h>
+
+#if defined (ALIAS)
+# include "alias.h"
+#endif
+
+#if defined (PROGRAMMABLE_COMPLETION)
+# include "pcomplete.h"
+#endif
+
+/* These should agree with the defines for emacs_mode and vi_mode in
+ rldefs.h, even though that's not a public readline header file. */
+#ifndef EMACS_EDITING_MODE
+# define NO_EDITING_MODE -1
+# define EMACS_EDITING_MODE 1
+# define VI_EDITING_MODE 0
+#endif
+
+#if defined (BRACE_COMPLETION)
+extern int bash_brace_completion __P((int, int));
+#endif /* BRACE_COMPLETION */
+
+/* Forward declarations */
+
+/* Functions bound to keys in Readline for Bash users. */
+static int shell_expand_line __P((int, int));
+static int display_shell_version __P((int, int));
+static int operate_and_get_next __P((int, int));
+
+static int bash_ignore_filenames __P((char **));
+static int bash_ignore_everything __P((char **));
+
+#if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
+static char *history_expand_line_internal __P((char *));
+static int history_expand_line __P((int, int));
+static int tcsh_magic_space __P((int, int));
+#endif /* BANG_HISTORY */
+#ifdef ALIAS
+static int alias_expand_line __P((int, int));
+#endif
+#if defined (BANG_HISTORY) && defined (ALIAS)
+static int history_and_alias_expand_line __P((int, int));
+#endif
+
+/* Helper functions for Readline. */
+static void bash_directory_expansion __P((char **));
+static int bash_directory_completion_hook __P((char **));
+static int filename_completion_ignore __P((char **));
+static int bash_push_line __P((void));
+
+static void cleanup_expansion_error __P((void));
+static void maybe_make_readline_line __P((char *));
+static void set_up_new_line __P((char *));
+
+static int check_redir __P((int));
+static char **attempt_shell_completion __P((const char *, int, int));
+static char *variable_completion_function __P((const char *, int));
+static char *hostname_completion_function __P((const char *, int));
+static char *command_subst_completion_function __P((const char *, int));
+
+static void build_history_completion_array __P((void));
+static char *history_completion_generator __P((const char *, int));
+static int dynamic_complete_history __P((int, int));
+
+static void initialize_hostname_list __P((void));
+static void add_host_name __P((char *));
+static void snarf_hosts_from_file __P((char *));
+static char **hostnames_matching __P((char *));
+
+static void _ignore_completion_names __P((char **, sh_ignore_func_t *));
+static int name_is_acceptable __P((const char *));
+static int test_for_directory __P((const char *));
+static int return_zero __P((const char *));
+
+static char *bash_dequote_filename __P((char *, int));
+static char *quote_word_break_chars __P((char *));
+static char *bash_quote_filename __P((char *, int, char *));
+
+static int bash_execute_unix_command __P((int, int));
+static void init_unix_command_map __P((void));
+static int isolate_sequence __P((char *, int, int, int *));
+
+static int set_saved_history __P((void));
+
+#if defined (ALIAS)
+static int posix_edit_macros __P((int, int));
+#endif
+
+#if defined (PROGRAMMABLE_COMPLETION)
+static int find_cmd_start __P((int));
+static int find_cmd_end __P((int));
+static char *find_cmd_name __P((int));
+static char *prog_complete_return __P((const char *, int));
+
+static char **prog_complete_matches;
+#endif
+
+/* Variables used here but defined in other files. */
+#if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
+extern int hist_verify;
+#endif
+
+extern int current_command_line_count, last_command_exit_value;
+extern int posixly_correct, no_symbolic_links;
+extern char *current_prompt_string, *ps1_prompt;
+extern STRING_INT_ALIST word_token_alist[];
+extern sh_builtin_func_t *last_shell_builtin, *this_shell_builtin;
+
+/* SPECIFIC_COMPLETION_FUNCTIONS specifies that we have individual
+ completion functions which indicate what type of completion should be
+ done (at or before point) that can be bound to key sequences with
+ the readline library. */
+#define SPECIFIC_COMPLETION_FUNCTIONS
+
+#if defined (SPECIFIC_COMPLETION_FUNCTIONS)
+static int bash_specific_completion __P((int, rl_compentry_func_t *));
+
+static int bash_complete_filename_internal __P((int));
+static int bash_complete_username_internal __P((int));
+static int bash_complete_hostname_internal __P((int));
+static int bash_complete_variable_internal __P((int));
+static int bash_complete_command_internal __P((int));
+
+static int bash_complete_filename __P((int, int));
+static int bash_possible_filename_completions __P((int, int));
+static int bash_complete_username __P((int, int));
+static int bash_possible_username_completions __P((int, int));
+static int bash_complete_hostname __P((int, int));
+static int bash_possible_hostname_completions __P((int, int));
+static int bash_complete_variable __P((int, int));
+static int bash_possible_variable_completions __P((int, int));
+static int bash_complete_command __P((int, int));
+static int bash_possible_command_completions __P((int, int));
+
+static char *glob_complete_word __P((const char *, int));
+static int bash_glob_completion_internal __P((int));
+static int bash_glob_complete_word __P((int, int));
+static int bash_glob_expand_word __P((int, int));
+static int bash_glob_list_expansions __P((int, int));
+
+#endif /* SPECIFIC_COMPLETION_FUNCTIONS */
+
+static int edit_and_execute_command __P((int, int, int, char *));
+#if defined (VI_MODE)
+static int vi_edit_and_execute_command __P((int, int));
+static int bash_vi_complete __P((int, int));
+#endif
+static int emacs_edit_and_execute_command __P((int, int));
+
+/* Non-zero once initalize_readline () has been called. */
+int bash_readline_initialized = 0;
+
+/* If non-zero, we do hostname completion, breaking words at `@' and
+ trying to complete the stuff after the `@' from our own internal
+ host list. */
+int perform_hostname_completion = 1;
+
+/* If non-zero, we don't do command completion on an empty line. */
+int no_empty_command_completion;
+
+/* Set FORCE_FIGNORE if you want to honor FIGNORE even if it ignores the
+ only possible matches. Set to 0 if you want to match filenames if they
+ are the only possible matches, even if FIGNORE says to. */
+int force_fignore = 1;
+
+static char *bash_completer_word_break_characters = " \t\n\"'@><=;|&(:";
+static char *bash_nohostname_word_break_characters = " \t\n\"'><=;|&(:";
+/* )) */
+
+static rl_hook_func_t *old_rl_startup_hook = (rl_hook_func_t *)NULL;
+
+static int dot_in_path = 0;
+
+/* What kind of quoting is performed by bash_quote_filename:
+ COMPLETE_DQUOTE = double-quoting the filename
+ COMPLETE_SQUOTE = single_quoting the filename
+ COMPLETE_BSQUOTE = backslash-quoting special chars in the filename
+*/
+#define COMPLETE_DQUOTE 1
+#define COMPLETE_SQUOTE 2
+#define COMPLETE_BSQUOTE 3
+static int completion_quoting_style = COMPLETE_BSQUOTE;
+
+/* Flag values for the final argument to bash_default_completion */
+#define DEFCOMP_CMDPOS 1
+
+/* Change the readline VI-mode keymaps into or out of Posix.2 compliance.
+ Called when the shell is put into or out of `posix' mode. */
+void
+posix_readline_initialize (on_or_off)
+ int on_or_off;
+{
+ if (on_or_off)
+ rl_variable_bind ("comment-begin", "#");
+#if defined (VI_MODE)
+ rl_bind_key_in_map (CTRL ('I'), on_or_off ? rl_insert : rl_complete, vi_insertion_keymap);
+#endif
+}
+
+/* When this function returns, rl_completer_word_break_characters points to
+ dynamically allocated memory. */
+int
+enable_hostname_completion (on_or_off)
+ int on_or_off;
+{
+ int old_value;
+ char *at, *nv, *nval;
+
+ old_value = perform_hostname_completion;
+
+ if (on_or_off)
+ {
+ perform_hostname_completion = 1;
+ rl_special_prefixes = "$@";
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ perform_hostname_completion = 0;
+ rl_special_prefixes = "$";
+ }
+
+ /* Now we need to figure out how to appropriately modify and assign
+ rl_completer_word_break_characters depending on whether we want
+ hostname completion on or off. */
+
+ /* If this is the first time this has been called
+ (bash_readline_initialized == 0), use the sames values as before, but
+ allocate new memory for rl_completer_word_break_characters. */
+
+ if (bash_readline_initialized == 0 &&
+ (rl_completer_word_break_characters == 0 ||
+ rl_completer_word_break_characters == rl_basic_word_break_characters))
+ {
+ if (on_or_off)
+ rl_completer_word_break_characters = savestring (bash_completer_word_break_characters);
+ else
+ rl_completer_word_break_characters = savestring (bash_nohostname_word_break_characters);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ /* See if we have anything to do. */
+ at = strchr (rl_completer_word_break_characters, '@');
+ if ((at == 0 && on_or_off == 0) || (at != 0 && on_or_off != 0))
+ return old_value;
+
+ /* We have something to do. Do it. */
+ nval = (char *)xmalloc (strlen (rl_completer_word_break_characters) + 1 + on_or_off);
+
+ if (on_or_off == 0)
+ {
+ /* Turn it off -- just remove `@' from word break chars. We want
+ to remove all occurrences of `@' from the char list, so we loop
+ rather than just copy the rest of the list over AT. */
+ for (nv = nval, at = rl_completer_word_break_characters; *at; )
+ if (*at != '@')
+ *nv++ = *at++;
+ else
+ at++;
+ *nv = '\0';
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ nval[0] = '@';
+ strcpy (nval + 1, rl_completer_word_break_characters);
+ }
+
+ free (rl_completer_word_break_characters);
+ rl_completer_word_break_characters = nval;
+ }
+
+ return (old_value);
+}
+
+/* Called once from parse.y if we are going to use readline. */
+void
+initialize_readline ()
+{
+ rl_command_func_t *func;
+ char kseq[2];
+
+ if (bash_readline_initialized)
+ return;
+
+ rl_terminal_name = get_string_value ("TERM");
+ rl_instream = stdin;
+ rl_outstream = stderr;
+
+ /* Allow conditional parsing of the ~/.inputrc file. */
+ rl_readline_name = "Bash";
+
+ /* Add bindable names before calling rl_initialize so they may be
+ referenced in the various inputrc files. */
+ rl_add_defun ("shell-expand-line", shell_expand_line, -1);
+#ifdef BANG_HISTORY
+ rl_add_defun ("history-expand-line", history_expand_line, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("magic-space", tcsh_magic_space, -1);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ALIAS
+ rl_add_defun ("alias-expand-line", alias_expand_line, -1);
+# ifdef BANG_HISTORY
+ rl_add_defun ("history-and-alias-expand-line", history_and_alias_expand_line, -1);
+# endif
+#endif
+
+ /* Backwards compatibility. */
+ rl_add_defun ("insert-last-argument", rl_yank_last_arg, -1);
+
+ rl_add_defun ("operate-and-get-next", operate_and_get_next, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("display-shell-version", display_shell_version, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("edit-and-execute-command", emacs_edit_and_execute_command, -1);
+
+#if defined (BRACE_COMPLETION)
+ rl_add_defun ("complete-into-braces", bash_brace_completion, -1);
+#endif
+
+#if defined (SPECIFIC_COMPLETION_FUNCTIONS)
+ rl_add_defun ("complete-filename", bash_complete_filename, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("possible-filename-completions", bash_possible_filename_completions, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("complete-username", bash_complete_username, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("possible-username-completions", bash_possible_username_completions, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("complete-hostname", bash_complete_hostname, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("possible-hostname-completions", bash_possible_hostname_completions, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("complete-variable", bash_complete_variable, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("possible-variable-completions", bash_possible_variable_completions, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("complete-command", bash_complete_command, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("possible-command-completions", bash_possible_command_completions, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("glob-complete-word", bash_glob_complete_word, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("glob-expand-word", bash_glob_expand_word, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("glob-list-expansions", bash_glob_list_expansions, -1);
+#endif
+
+ rl_add_defun ("dynamic-complete-history", dynamic_complete_history, -1);
+
+ /* Bind defaults before binding our custom shell keybindings. */
+ if (RL_ISSTATE(RL_STATE_INITIALIZED) == 0)
+ rl_initialize ();
+
+ /* Bind up our special shell functions. */
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map (CTRL('E'), shell_expand_line, emacs_meta_keymap);
+
+#ifdef BANG_HISTORY
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('^', history_expand_line, emacs_meta_keymap);
+#endif
+
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map (CTRL ('O'), operate_and_get_next, emacs_standard_keymap);
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map (CTRL ('V'), display_shell_version, emacs_ctlx_keymap);
+
+ /* In Bash, the user can switch editing modes with "set -o [vi emacs]",
+ so it is not necessary to allow C-M-j for context switching. Turn
+ off this occasionally confusing behaviour. */
+ kseq[0] = CTRL('J');
+ kseq[1] = '\0';
+ func = rl_function_of_keyseq (kseq, emacs_meta_keymap, (int *)NULL);
+ if (func == rl_vi_editing_mode)
+ rl_unbind_key_in_map (CTRL('J'), emacs_meta_keymap);
+ kseq[0] = CTRL('M');
+ func = rl_function_of_keyseq (kseq, emacs_meta_keymap, (int *)NULL);
+ if (func == rl_vi_editing_mode)
+ rl_unbind_key_in_map (CTRL('M'), emacs_meta_keymap);
+#if defined (VI_MODE)
+ rl_unbind_key_in_map (CTRL('E'), vi_movement_keymap);
+#endif
+
+#if defined (BRACE_COMPLETION)
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('{', bash_brace_completion, emacs_meta_keymap); /*}*/
+#endif /* BRACE_COMPLETION */
+
+#if defined (SPECIFIC_COMPLETION_FUNCTIONS)
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('/', bash_complete_filename, emacs_meta_keymap);
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('/', bash_possible_filename_completions, emacs_ctlx_keymap);
+
+ /* Have to jump through hoops here because there is a default binding for
+ M-~ (rl_tilde_expand) */
+ kseq[0] = '~';
+ kseq[1] = '\0';
+ func = rl_function_of_keyseq (kseq, emacs_meta_keymap, (int *)NULL);
+ if (func == 0 || func == rl_tilde_expand)
+ rl_bind_keyseq_in_map (kseq, bash_complete_username, emacs_meta_keymap);
+
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('~', bash_possible_username_completions, emacs_ctlx_keymap);
+
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('@', bash_complete_hostname, emacs_meta_keymap);
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('@', bash_possible_hostname_completions, emacs_ctlx_keymap);
+
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('$', bash_complete_variable, emacs_meta_keymap);
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('$', bash_possible_variable_completions, emacs_ctlx_keymap);
+
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('!', bash_complete_command, emacs_meta_keymap);
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('!', bash_possible_command_completions, emacs_ctlx_keymap);
+
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('g', bash_glob_complete_word, emacs_meta_keymap);
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('*', bash_glob_expand_word, emacs_ctlx_keymap);
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('g', bash_glob_list_expansions, emacs_ctlx_keymap);
+
+#endif /* SPECIFIC_COMPLETION_FUNCTIONS */
+
+ kseq[0] = TAB;
+ kseq[1] = '\0';
+ func = rl_function_of_keyseq (kseq, emacs_meta_keymap, (int *)NULL);
+ if (func == 0 || func == rl_tab_insert)
+ rl_bind_key_in_map (TAB, dynamic_complete_history, emacs_meta_keymap);
+
+ /* Tell the completer that we want a crack first. */
+ rl_attempted_completion_function = attempt_shell_completion;
+
+ /* Tell the completer that we might want to follow symbolic links or
+ do other expansion on directory names. */
+ rl_directory_completion_hook = bash_directory_completion_hook;
+
+ /* Tell the filename completer we want a chance to ignore some names. */
+ rl_ignore_some_completions_function = filename_completion_ignore;
+
+ /* Bind C-xC-e to invoke emacs and run result as commands. */
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map (CTRL ('E'), emacs_edit_and_execute_command, emacs_ctlx_keymap);
+#if defined (VI_MODE)
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('v', vi_edit_and_execute_command, vi_movement_keymap);
+# if defined (ALIAS)
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('@', posix_edit_macros, vi_movement_keymap);
+# endif
+
+ rl_bind_key_in_map ('\\', bash_vi_complete, vi_movement_keymap);
+ rl_bind_key_in_map ('*', bash_vi_complete, vi_movement_keymap);
+ rl_bind_key_in_map ('=', bash_vi_complete, vi_movement_keymap);
+#endif
+
+ rl_completer_quote_characters = "'\"";
+
+ /* This sets rl_completer_word_break_characters and rl_special_prefixes
+ to the appropriate values, depending on whether or not hostname
+ completion is enabled. */
+ enable_hostname_completion (perform_hostname_completion);
+
+ /* characters that need to be quoted when appearing in filenames. */
+ rl_filename_quote_characters = " \t\n\\\"'@<>=;|&()#$`?*[!:{"; /*}*/
+ rl_filename_quoting_function = bash_quote_filename;
+ rl_filename_dequoting_function = bash_dequote_filename;
+ rl_char_is_quoted_p = char_is_quoted;
+
+#if 0
+ /* This is superfluous and makes it impossible to use tab completion in
+ vi mode even when explicitly binding it in ~/.inputrc. sv_strict_posix()
+ should already have called posix_readline_initialize() when
+ posixly_correct was set. */
+ if (posixly_correct)
+ posix_readline_initialize (1);
+#endif
+
+ bash_readline_initialized = 1;
+}
+
+/* On Sun systems at least, rl_attempted_completion_function can end up
+ getting set to NULL, and rl_completion_entry_function set to do command
+ word completion if Bash is interrupted while trying to complete a command
+ word. This just resets all the completion functions to the right thing.
+ It's called from throw_to_top_level(). */
+void
+bashline_reinitialize ()
+{
+ tilde_initialize ();
+ rl_attempted_completion_function = attempt_shell_completion;
+ rl_completion_entry_function = NULL;
+ rl_directory_completion_hook = bash_directory_completion_hook;
+ rl_ignore_some_completions_function = filename_completion_ignore;
+}
+
+/* Contains the line to push into readline. */
+static char *push_to_readline = (char *)NULL;
+
+/* Push the contents of push_to_readline into the
+ readline buffer. */
+static int
+bash_push_line ()
+{
+ if (push_to_readline)
+ {
+ rl_insert_text (push_to_readline);
+ free (push_to_readline);
+ push_to_readline = (char *)NULL;
+ rl_startup_hook = old_rl_startup_hook;
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/* Call this to set the initial text for the next line to read
+ from readline. */
+int
+bash_re_edit (line)
+ char *line;
+{
+ FREE (push_to_readline);
+
+ push_to_readline = savestring (line);
+ old_rl_startup_hook = rl_startup_hook;
+ rl_startup_hook = bash_push_line;
+
+ return (0);
+}
+
+static int
+display_shell_version (count, c)
+ int count, c;
+{
+ rl_crlf ();
+ show_shell_version (0);
+ putc ('\r', rl_outstream);
+ fflush (rl_outstream);
+ rl_on_new_line ();
+ rl_redisplay ();
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/* **************************************************************** */
+/* */
+/* Readline Stuff */
+/* */
+/* **************************************************************** */
+
+/* If the user requests hostname completion, then simply build a list
+ of hosts, and complete from that forever more, or at least until
+ HOSTFILE is unset. */
+
+/* THIS SHOULD BE A STRINGLIST. */
+/* The kept list of hostnames. */
+static char **hostname_list = (char **)NULL;
+
+/* The physical size of the above list. */
+static int hostname_list_size;
+
+/* The number of hostnames in the above list. */
+static int hostname_list_length;
+
+/* Whether or not HOSTNAME_LIST has been initialized. */
+int hostname_list_initialized = 0;
+
+/* Initialize the hostname completion table. */
+static void
+initialize_hostname_list ()
+{
+ char *temp;
+
+ temp = get_string_value ("HOSTFILE");
+ if (temp == 0)
+ temp = get_string_value ("hostname_completion_file");
+ if (temp == 0)
+ temp = DEFAULT_HOSTS_FILE;
+
+ snarf_hosts_from_file (temp);
+
+ if (hostname_list)
+ hostname_list_initialized++;
+}
+
+/* Add NAME to the list of hosts. */
+static void
+add_host_name (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ if (hostname_list_length + 2 > hostname_list_size)
+ {
+ hostname_list_size = (hostname_list_size + 32) - (hostname_list_size % 32);
+ hostname_list = strvec_resize (hostname_list, hostname_list_size);
+ }
+
+ hostname_list[hostname_list_length++] = savestring (name);
+ hostname_list[hostname_list_length] = (char *)NULL;
+}
+
+#define cr_whitespace(c) ((c) == '\r' || (c) == '\n' || whitespace(c))
+
+static void
+snarf_hosts_from_file (filename)
+ char *filename;
+{
+ FILE *file;
+ char *temp, buffer[256], name[256];
+ register int i, start;
+
+ file = fopen (filename, "r");
+ if (file == 0)
+ return;
+
+ while (temp = fgets (buffer, 255, file))
+ {
+ /* Skip to first character. */
+ for (i = 0; buffer[i] && cr_whitespace (buffer[i]); i++)
+ ;
+
+ /* If comment or blank line, ignore. */
+ if (buffer[i] == '\0' || buffer[i] == '#')
+ continue;
+
+ /* If `preprocessor' directive, do the include. */
+ if (strncmp (buffer + i, "$include ", 9) == 0)
+ {
+ char *incfile, *t;
+
+ /* Find start of filename. */
+ for (incfile = buffer + i + 9; *incfile && whitespace (*incfile); incfile++)
+ ;
+
+ /* Find end of filename. */
+ for (t = incfile; *t && cr_whitespace (*t) == 0; t++)
+ ;
+
+ *t = '\0';
+
+ snarf_hosts_from_file (incfile);
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ /* Skip internet address if present. */
+ if (DIGIT (buffer[i]))
+ for (; buffer[i] && cr_whitespace (buffer[i]) == 0; i++);
+
+ /* Gobble up names. Each name is separated with whitespace. */
+ while (buffer[i])
+ {
+ for (; cr_whitespace (buffer[i]); i++)
+ ;
+ if (buffer[i] == '\0' || buffer[i] == '#')
+ break;
+
+ /* Isolate the current word. */
+ for (start = i; buffer[i] && cr_whitespace (buffer[i]) == 0; i++)
+ ;
+ if (i == start)
+ continue;
+ strncpy (name, buffer + start, i - start);
+ name[i - start] = '\0';
+ add_host_name (name);
+ }
+ }
+ fclose (file);
+}
+
+/* Return the hostname list. */
+char **
+get_hostname_list ()
+{
+ if (hostname_list_initialized == 0)
+ initialize_hostname_list ();
+ return (hostname_list);
+}
+
+void
+clear_hostname_list ()
+{
+ register int i;
+
+ if (hostname_list_initialized == 0)
+ return;
+ for (i = 0; i < hostname_list_length; i++)
+ free (hostname_list[i]);
+ hostname_list_length = 0;
+}
+
+/* Return a NULL terminated list of hostnames which begin with TEXT.
+ Initialize the hostname list the first time if neccessary.
+ The array is malloc ()'ed, but not the individual strings. */
+static char **
+hostnames_matching (text)
+ char *text;
+{
+ register int i, len, nmatch, rsize;
+ char **result;
+
+ if (hostname_list_initialized == 0)
+ initialize_hostname_list ();
+
+ if (hostname_list_initialized == 0)
+ return ((char **)NULL);
+
+ /* Special case. If TEXT consists of nothing, then the whole list is
+ what is desired. */
+ if (*text == '\0')
+ {
+ result = strvec_create (1 + hostname_list_length);
+ for (i = 0; i < hostname_list_length; i++)
+ result[i] = hostname_list[i];
+ result[i] = (char *)NULL;
+ return (result);
+ }
+
+ /* Scan until found, or failure. */
+ len = strlen (text);
+ result = (char **)NULL;
+ for (i = nmatch = rsize = 0; i < hostname_list_length; i++)
+ {
+ if (STREQN (text, hostname_list[i], len) == 0)
+ continue;
+
+ /* OK, it matches. Add it to the list. */
+ if (nmatch >= (rsize - 1))
+ {
+ rsize = (rsize + 16) - (rsize % 16);
+ result = strvec_resize (result, rsize);
+ }
+
+ result[nmatch++] = hostname_list[i];
+ }
+ if (nmatch)
+ result[nmatch] = (char *)NULL;
+ return (result);
+}
+
+/* The equivalent of the Korn shell C-o operate-and-get-next-history-line
+ editing command. */
+static int saved_history_line_to_use = -1;
+
+static int
+set_saved_history ()
+{
+ if (saved_history_line_to_use >= 0)
+ rl_get_previous_history (history_length - saved_history_line_to_use, 0);
+ saved_history_line_to_use = -1;
+ rl_startup_hook = old_rl_startup_hook;
+ return (0);
+}
+
+static int
+operate_and_get_next (count, c)
+ int count, c;
+{
+ int where;
+
+ /* Accept the current line. */
+ rl_newline (1, c);
+
+ /* Find the current line, and find the next line to use. */
+ where = where_history ();
+
+ if ((history_is_stifled () && (history_length >= history_max_entries)) ||
+ (where >= history_length - 1))
+ saved_history_line_to_use = where;
+ else
+ saved_history_line_to_use = where + 1;
+
+ old_rl_startup_hook = rl_startup_hook;
+ rl_startup_hook = set_saved_history;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/* This vi mode command causes VI_EDIT_COMMAND to be run on the current
+ command being entered (if no explicit argument is given), otherwise on
+ a command from the history file. */
+
+#define VI_EDIT_COMMAND "fc -e \"${VISUAL:-${EDITOR:-vi}}\""
+#define EMACS_EDIT_COMMAND "fc -e \"${VISUAL:-${EDITOR:-emacs}}\""
+#define POSIX_VI_EDIT_COMMAND "fc -e vi"
+
+static int
+edit_and_execute_command (count, c, editing_mode, edit_command)
+ int count, c, editing_mode;
+ char *edit_command;
+{
+ char *command;
+ int r, cclc, rrs;
+
+ rrs = rl_readline_state;
+ cclc = current_command_line_count;
+
+ /* Accept the current line. */
+ rl_newline (1, c);
+
+ if (rl_explicit_arg)
+ {
+ command = (char *)xmalloc (strlen (edit_command) + 8);
+ sprintf (command, "%s %d", edit_command, count);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ /* Take the command we were just editing, add it to the history file,
+ then call fc to operate on it. We have to add a dummy command to
+ the end of the history because fc ignores the last command (assumes
+ it's supposed to deal with the command before the `fc'). */
+ using_history ();
+ bash_add_history (rl_line_buffer);
+ bash_add_history ("");
+ history_lines_this_session++;
+ using_history ();
+ command = savestring (edit_command);
+ }
+
+ /* Now, POSIX.1-2001 and SUSv3 say that the commands executed from the
+ temporary file should be placed into the history. We don't do that
+ yet. */
+ r = parse_and_execute (command, (editing_mode == VI_EDITING_MODE) ? "v" : "C-xC-e", SEVAL_NOHIST);
+
+ current_command_line_count = cclc;
+
+ /* Now erase the contents of the current line and undo the effects of the
+ rl_accept_line() above. We don't even want to make the text we just
+ executed available for undoing. */
+ rl_line_buffer[0] = '\0'; /* XXX */
+ rl_point = rl_end = 0;
+ rl_done = 0;
+ rl_readline_state = rrs;
+
+ rl_forced_update_display ();
+
+ return r;
+}
+
+#if defined (VI_MODE)
+static int
+vi_edit_and_execute_command (count, c)
+ int count, c;
+{
+ if (posixly_correct)
+ return (edit_and_execute_command (count, c, VI_EDITING_MODE, POSIX_VI_EDIT_COMMAND));
+ else
+ return (edit_and_execute_command (count, c, VI_EDITING_MODE, VI_EDIT_COMMAND));
+}
+#endif /* VI_MODE */
+
+static int
+emacs_edit_and_execute_command (count, c)
+ int count, c;
+{
+ return (edit_and_execute_command (count, c, EMACS_EDITING_MODE, EMACS_EDIT_COMMAND));
+}
+
+#if defined (ALIAS)
+static int
+posix_edit_macros (count, key)
+ int count, key;
+{
+ int c;
+ char alias_name[3], *alias_value, *macro;
+
+ c = rl_read_key ();
+ alias_name[0] = '_';
+ alias_name[1] = c;
+ alias_name[2] = '\0';
+
+ alias_value = get_alias_value (alias_name);
+ if (alias_value && *alias_value)
+ {
+ macro = savestring (alias_value);
+ rl_push_macro_input (macro);
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+/* **************************************************************** */
+/* */
+/* How To Do Shell Completion */
+/* */
+/* **************************************************************** */
+
+#define COMMAND_SEPARATORS ";|&{(`"
+/* )} */
+
+static int
+check_redir (ti)
+ int ti;
+{
+ register int this_char, prev_char;
+
+ /* Handle the two character tokens `>&', `<&', and `>|'.
+ We are not in a command position after one of these. */
+ this_char = rl_line_buffer[ti];
+ prev_char = rl_line_buffer[ti - 1];
+
+ if ((this_char == '&' && (prev_char == '<' || prev_char == '>')) ||
+ (this_char == '|' && prev_char == '>'))
+ return (1);
+ else if ((this_char == '{' && prev_char == '$') || /* } */
+ (char_is_quoted (rl_line_buffer, ti)))
+ return (1);
+ return (0);
+}
+
+#if defined (PROGRAMMABLE_COMPLETION)
+/*
+ * XXX - because of the <= start test, and setting os = s+1, this can
+ * potentially return os > start. This is probably not what we want to
+ * happen, but fix later after 2.05a-release.
+ */
+static int
+find_cmd_start (start)
+ int start;
+{
+ register int s, os;
+
+ os = 0;
+ while (((s = skip_to_delim (rl_line_buffer, os, COMMAND_SEPARATORS, SD_NOJMP)) <= start) &&
+ rl_line_buffer[s])
+ os = s+1;
+ return os;
+}
+
+static int
+find_cmd_end (end)
+ int end;
+{
+ register int e;
+
+ e = skip_to_delim (rl_line_buffer, end, COMMAND_SEPARATORS, SD_NOJMP);
+ return e;
+}
+
+static char *
+find_cmd_name (start)
+ int start;
+{
+ char *name;
+ register int s, e;
+
+ for (s = start; whitespace (rl_line_buffer[s]); s++)
+ ;
+
+ /* skip until a shell break character */
+ e = skip_to_delim (rl_line_buffer, s, "()<>;&| \t\n", SD_NOJMP);
+
+ name = substring (rl_line_buffer, s, e);
+
+ return (name);
+}
+
+static char *
+prog_complete_return (text, matchnum)
+ const char *text;
+ int matchnum;
+{
+ static int ind;
+
+ if (matchnum == 0)
+ ind = 0;
+
+ if (prog_complete_matches == 0 || prog_complete_matches[ind] == 0)
+ return (char *)NULL;
+ return (prog_complete_matches[ind++]);
+}
+
+#endif /* PROGRAMMABLE_COMPLETION */
+
+/* Do some completion on TEXT. The indices of TEXT in RL_LINE_BUFFER are
+ at START and END. Return an array of matches, or NULL if none. */
+static char **
+attempt_shell_completion (text, start, end)
+ const char *text;
+ int start, end;
+{
+ int in_command_position, ti, saveti, qc, dflags;
+ char **matches, *command_separator_chars;
+
+ command_separator_chars = COMMAND_SEPARATORS;
+ matches = (char **)NULL;
+ rl_ignore_some_completions_function = filename_completion_ignore;
+
+ /* Determine if this could be a command word. It is if it appears at
+ the start of the line (ignoring preceding whitespace), or if it
+ appears after a character that separates commands. It cannot be a
+ command word if we aren't at the top-level prompt. */
+ ti = start - 1;
+ saveti = qc = -1;
+
+ while ((ti > -1) && (whitespace (rl_line_buffer[ti])))
+ ti--;
+
+#if 1
+ /* If this is an open quote, maybe we're trying to complete a quoted
+ command name. */
+ if (ti >= 0 && (rl_line_buffer[ti] == '"' || rl_line_buffer[ti] == '\''))
+ {
+ qc = rl_line_buffer[ti];
+ saveti = ti--;
+ while (ti > -1 && (whitespace (rl_line_buffer[ti])))
+ ti--;
+ }
+#endif
+
+ in_command_position = 0;
+ if (ti < 0)
+ {
+ /* Only do command completion at the start of a line when we
+ are prompting at the top level. */
+ if (current_prompt_string == ps1_prompt)
+ in_command_position++;
+ }
+ else if (member (rl_line_buffer[ti], command_separator_chars))
+ {
+ in_command_position++;
+
+ if (check_redir (ti) == 1)
+ in_command_position = 0;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ /* This still could be in command position. It is possible
+ that all of the previous words on the line are variable
+ assignments. */
+ }
+
+ /* Check that we haven't incorrectly flagged a closed command substitution
+ as indicating we're in a command position. */
+ if (in_command_position && ti >= 0 && rl_line_buffer[ti] == '`' &&
+ *text != '`' && unclosed_pair (rl_line_buffer, end, "`") == 0)
+ in_command_position = 0;
+
+ /* Special handling for command substitution. If *TEXT is a backquote,
+ it can be the start or end of an old-style command substitution, or
+ unmatched. If it's unmatched, both calls to unclosed_pair will
+ succeed. */
+ if (*text == '`' &&
+ (in_command_position || (unclosed_pair (rl_line_buffer, start, "`") &&
+ unclosed_pair (rl_line_buffer, end, "`"))))
+ matches = rl_completion_matches (text, command_subst_completion_function);
+
+#if defined (PROGRAMMABLE_COMPLETION)
+ /* Attempt programmable completion. */
+ if (matches == 0 && (in_command_position == 0 || text[0] == '\0') &&
+ prog_completion_enabled && (progcomp_size () > 0) &&
+ current_prompt_string == ps1_prompt)
+ {
+ int s, e, foundcs;
+ char *n;
+
+ /* XXX - don't free the members */
+ if (prog_complete_matches)
+ free (prog_complete_matches);
+ prog_complete_matches = (char **)NULL;
+
+ s = find_cmd_start (start);
+ e = find_cmd_end (end);
+ n = find_cmd_name (s);
+ if (e == 0 && e == s && text[0] == '\0')
+ prog_complete_matches = programmable_completions ("_EmptycmD_", text, s, e, &foundcs);
+ else if (e > s && assignment (n, 0) == 0)
+ prog_complete_matches = programmable_completions (n, text, s, e, &foundcs);
+ else
+ foundcs = 0;
+ FREE (n);
+ /* XXX - if we found a COMPSPEC for the command, just return whatever
+ the programmable completion code returns, and disable the default
+ filename completion that readline will do unless the COPT_DEFAULT
+ option has been set with the `-o default' option to complete or
+ compopt. */
+ if (foundcs)
+ {
+ pcomp_set_readline_variables (foundcs, 1);
+ /* Turn what the programmable completion code returns into what
+ readline wants. I should have made compute_lcd_of_matches
+ external... */
+ matches = rl_completion_matches (text, prog_complete_return);
+ if ((foundcs & COPT_DEFAULT) == 0)
+ rl_attempted_completion_over = 1; /* no default */
+ if (matches || ((foundcs & COPT_BASHDEFAULT) == 0))
+ return (matches);
+ }
+ }
+#endif
+
+ if (matches == 0)
+ {
+ dflags = 0;
+ if (in_command_position)
+ dflags |= DEFCOMP_CMDPOS;
+ matches = bash_default_completion (text, start, end, qc, dflags);
+ }
+
+ return matches;
+}
+
+char **
+bash_default_completion (text, start, end, qc, compflags)
+ const char *text;
+ int start, end, qc, compflags;
+{
+ char **matches;
+
+ matches = (char **)NULL;
+
+ /* New posix-style command substitution or variable name? */
+ if (!matches && *text == '$')
+ {
+ if (qc != '\'' && text[1] == '(') /* ) */
+ matches = rl_completion_matches (text, command_subst_completion_function);
+ else
+ matches = rl_completion_matches (text, variable_completion_function);
+ }
+
+ /* If the word starts in `~', and there is no slash in the word, then
+ try completing this word as a username. */
+ if (!matches && *text == '~' && !xstrchr (text, '/'))
+ matches = rl_completion_matches (text, rl_username_completion_function);
+
+ /* Another one. Why not? If the word starts in '@', then look through
+ the world of known hostnames for completion first. */
+ if (!matches && perform_hostname_completion && *text == '@')
+ matches = rl_completion_matches (text, hostname_completion_function);
+
+ /* And last, (but not least) if this word is in a command position, then
+ complete over possible command names, including aliases, functions,
+ and command names. */
+ if (matches == 0 && (compflags & DEFCOMP_CMDPOS))
+ {
+ /* If END == START and text[0] == 0, we are trying to complete an empty
+ command word. */
+ if (no_empty_command_completion && end == start && text[0] == '\0')
+ {
+ matches = (char **)NULL;
+ rl_ignore_some_completions_function = bash_ignore_everything;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+#define CMD_IS_DIR(x) (absolute_pathname(x) == 0 && absolute_program(x) == 0 && *(x) != '~' && test_for_directory (x))
+
+ dot_in_path = 0;
+ matches = rl_completion_matches (text, command_word_completion_function);
+
+ /* If we are attempting command completion and nothing matches, we
+ do not want readline to perform filename completion for us. We
+ still want to be able to complete partial pathnames, so set the
+ completion ignore function to something which will remove
+ filenames and leave directories in the match list. */
+ if (matches == (char **)NULL)
+ rl_ignore_some_completions_function = bash_ignore_filenames;
+ else if (matches[1] == 0 && CMD_IS_DIR(matches[0]) && dot_in_path == 0)
+ /* If we found a single match, without looking in the current
+ directory (because it's not in $PATH), but the found name is
+ also a command in the current directory, suppress appending any
+ terminating character, since it's ambiguous. */
+ {
+ rl_completion_suppress_append = 1;
+ rl_filename_completion_desired = 0;
+ }
+ else if (matches[0] && matches[1] && STREQ (matches[0], matches[1]) && CMD_IS_DIR (matches[0]))
+ /* There are multiple instances of the same match (duplicate
+ completions haven't yet been removed). In this case, all of
+ the matches will be the same, and the duplicate removal code
+ will distill them all down to one. We turn on
+ rl_completion_suppress_append for the same reason as above.
+ Remember: we only care if there's eventually a single unique
+ completion. If there are multiple completions this won't
+ make a difference and the problem won't occur. */
+ {
+ rl_completion_suppress_append = 1;
+ rl_filename_completion_desired = 0;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* This could be a globbing pattern, so try to expand it using pathname
+ expansion. */
+ if (!matches && glob_pattern_p (text))
+ {
+ matches = rl_completion_matches (text, glob_complete_word);
+ /* A glob expression that matches more than one filename is problematic.
+ If we match more than one filename, punt. */
+ if (matches && matches[1] && rl_completion_type == TAB)
+ {
+ strvec_dispose (matches);
+ matches = (char **)0;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return (matches);
+}
+
+/* This is the function to call when the word to complete is in a position
+ where a command word can be found. It grovels $PATH, looking for commands
+ that match. It also scans aliases, function names, and the shell_builtin
+ table. */
+char *
+command_word_completion_function (hint_text, state)
+ const char *hint_text;
+ int state;
+{
+ static char *hint = (char *)NULL;
+ static char *path = (char *)NULL;
+ static char *val = (char *)NULL;
+ static char *filename_hint = (char *)NULL;
+ static char *dequoted_hint = (char *)NULL;
+ static char *directory_part = (char *)NULL;
+ static char **glob_matches = (char **)NULL;
+ static int path_index, hint_len, dequoted_len, istate, igncase;
+ static int mapping_over, local_index, searching_path, hint_is_dir;
+ static int old_glob_ignore_case;
+ static SHELL_VAR **varlist = (SHELL_VAR **)NULL;
+#if defined (ALIAS)
+ static alias_t **alias_list = (alias_t **)NULL;
+#endif /* ALIAS */
+ char *temp;
+
+ /* We have to map over the possibilities for command words. If we have
+ no state, then make one just for that purpose. */
+ if (state == 0)
+ {
+ if (dequoted_hint && dequoted_hint != hint)
+ free (dequoted_hint);
+ if (hint)
+ free (hint);
+
+ mapping_over = searching_path = 0;
+ hint_is_dir = CMD_IS_DIR (hint_text);
+ val = (char *)NULL;
+
+ temp = rl_variable_value ("completion-ignore-case");
+ igncase = strcmp (temp, "on") == 0;
+
+ if (glob_matches)
+ {
+ free (glob_matches);
+ glob_matches = (char **)NULL;
+ }
+
+ if (glob_pattern_p (hint_text))
+ {
+ hint = (*hint_text == '~') ? bash_tilde_expand (hint_text, 0) : savestring (hint_text);
+ dequoted_hint = hint;
+
+ old_glob_ignore_case = glob_ignore_case;
+
+ local_index = 0;
+ mapping_over = 5;
+ goto globword;
+ }
+
+ /* If this is an absolute program name, do not check it against
+ aliases, reserved words, functions or builtins. We must check
+ whether or not it is unique, and, if so, whether that filename
+ is executable. */
+ if (absolute_program (hint_text))
+ {
+ /* Perform tilde expansion on what's passed, so we don't end up
+ passing filenames with tildes directly to stat(). */
+ if (*hint_text == '~')
+ {
+ hint = bash_tilde_expand (hint_text, 0);
+ directory_part = savestring (hint_text);
+ temp = strchr (directory_part, '/');
+ if (temp)
+ *temp = 0;
+ else
+ {
+ free (directory_part);
+ directory_part = (char *)NULL;
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ hint = savestring (hint_text);
+
+ dequoted_hint = hint;
+ /* If readline's completer found a quote character somewhere, but
+ didn't set the quote character, there must have been a quote
+ character embedded in the filename. It can't be at the start of
+ the filename, so we need to dequote the filename before we look
+ in the file system for it. */
+ if (rl_completion_found_quote && rl_completion_quote_character == 0)
+ {
+ dequoted_hint = bash_dequote_filename (hint, 0);
+ free (hint);
+ hint = dequoted_hint;
+ }
+ dequoted_len = hint_len = strlen (hint);
+
+ if (filename_hint)
+ free (filename_hint);
+
+ filename_hint = savestring (hint);
+
+ mapping_over = 4;
+ istate = 0;
+ goto inner;
+ }
+
+ dequoted_hint = hint = savestring (hint_text);
+ dequoted_len = hint_len = strlen (hint);
+
+ if (rl_completion_found_quote && rl_completion_quote_character == 0)
+ {
+ dequoted_hint = bash_dequote_filename (hint, 0);
+ dequoted_len = strlen (dequoted_hint);
+ }
+
+ path = get_string_value ("PATH");
+ path_index = dot_in_path = 0;
+
+ /* Initialize the variables for each type of command word. */
+ local_index = 0;
+
+ if (varlist)
+ free (varlist);
+
+ varlist = all_visible_functions ();
+
+#if defined (ALIAS)
+ if (alias_list)
+ free (alias_list);
+
+ alias_list = all_aliases ();
+#endif /* ALIAS */
+ }
+
+ /* mapping_over says what we are currently hacking. Note that every case
+ in this list must fall through when there are no more possibilities. */
+
+ switch (mapping_over)
+ {
+ case 0: /* Aliases come first. */
+#if defined (ALIAS)
+ while (alias_list && alias_list[local_index])
+ {
+ register char *alias;
+
+ alias = alias_list[local_index++]->name;
+
+ if (STREQN (alias, hint, hint_len))
+ return (savestring (alias));
+ }
+#endif /* ALIAS */
+ local_index = 0;
+ mapping_over++;
+
+ case 1: /* Then shell reserved words. */
+ {
+ while (word_token_alist[local_index].word)
+ {
+ register char *reserved_word;
+
+ reserved_word = word_token_alist[local_index++].word;
+
+ if (STREQN (reserved_word, hint, hint_len))
+ return (savestring (reserved_word));
+ }
+ local_index = 0;
+ mapping_over++;
+ }
+
+ case 2: /* Then function names. */
+ while (varlist && varlist[local_index])
+ {
+ register char *varname;
+
+ varname = varlist[local_index++]->name;
+
+ if (STREQN (varname, hint, hint_len))
+ return (savestring (varname));
+ }
+ local_index = 0;
+ mapping_over++;
+
+ case 3: /* Then shell builtins. */
+ for (; local_index < num_shell_builtins; local_index++)
+ {
+ /* Ignore it if it doesn't have a function pointer or if it
+ is not currently enabled. */
+ if (!shell_builtins[local_index].function ||
+ (shell_builtins[local_index].flags & BUILTIN_ENABLED) == 0)
+ continue;
+
+ if (STREQN (shell_builtins[local_index].name, hint, hint_len))
+ {
+ int i = local_index++;
+
+ return (savestring (shell_builtins[i].name));
+ }
+ }
+ local_index = 0;
+ mapping_over++;
+ }
+
+globword:
+ /* Limited support for completing command words with globbing chars. Only
+ a single match (multiple matches that end up reducing the number of
+ characters in the common prefix are bad) will ever be returned on
+ regular completion. */
+ if (glob_pattern_p (hint))
+ {
+ if (state == 0)
+ {
+ glob_ignore_case = igncase;
+ glob_matches = shell_glob_filename (hint);
+ glob_ignore_case = old_glob_ignore_case;
+
+ if (GLOB_FAILED (glob_matches))
+ {
+ glob_matches = (char **)NULL;
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ }
+
+ if (glob_matches && glob_matches[1] && rl_completion_type == TAB) /* multiple matches are bad */
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+
+ local_index = 0;
+ }
+
+ while (val = glob_matches[local_index++])
+ {
+ if (executable_or_directory (val))
+ return (val);
+ free (val);
+ }
+
+ glob_ignore_case = old_glob_ignore_case;
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ }
+
+ /* If the text passed is a directory in the current directory, return it
+ as a possible match. Executables in directories in the current
+ directory can be specified using relative pathnames and successfully
+ executed even when `.' is not in $PATH. */
+ if (hint_is_dir)
+ {
+ hint_is_dir = 0; /* only return the hint text once */
+ return (savestring (hint_text));
+ }
+
+ /* Repeatedly call filename_completion_function while we have
+ members of PATH left. Question: should we stat each file?
+ Answer: we call executable_file () on each file. */
+ outer:
+
+ istate = (val != (char *)NULL);
+
+ if (istate == 0)
+ {
+ char *current_path;
+
+ /* Get the next directory from the path. If there is none, then we
+ are all done. */
+ if (!path || !path[path_index] ||
+ (current_path = extract_colon_unit (path, &path_index)) == 0)
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+
+ searching_path = 1;
+ if (*current_path == 0)
+ {
+ free (current_path);
+ current_path = savestring (".");
+ }
+
+ if (*current_path == '~')
+ {
+ char *t;
+
+ t = bash_tilde_expand (current_path, 0);
+ free (current_path);
+ current_path = t;
+ }
+
+ if (current_path[0] == '.' && current_path[1] == '\0')
+ dot_in_path = 1;
+
+ if (filename_hint)
+ free (filename_hint);
+
+ filename_hint = sh_makepath (current_path, hint, 0);
+ }
+
+ inner:
+ val = rl_filename_completion_function (filename_hint, istate);
+ istate = 1;
+
+ if (val == 0)
+ {
+ /* If the hint text is an absolute program, then don't bother
+ searching through PATH. */
+ if (absolute_program (hint))
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+
+ goto outer;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ int match, freetemp;
+
+ if (absolute_program (hint))
+ {
+ if (igncase == 0)
+ match = strncmp (val, hint, hint_len) == 0;
+ else
+ match = strncasecmp (val, hint, hint_len) == 0;
+
+ /* If we performed tilde expansion, restore the original
+ filename. */
+ if (*hint_text == '~')
+ {
+ int l, vl, dl, dl2, xl;
+ char *rd, *dh2, *expdir;
+
+ vl = strlen (val);
+
+ rd = savestring (filename_hint);
+ bash_directory_expansion (&rd);
+ dl = strlen (rd);
+ free (rd);
+
+ dh2 = directory_part ? bash_dequote_filename (directory_part, 0) : 0;
+ bash_directory_expansion (&dh2);
+ dl2 = strlen (dh2);
+
+ expdir = bash_tilde_expand (directory_part, 0);
+ xl = strlen (expdir);
+ free (expdir);
+
+ /*
+ dh2 = unexpanded but dequoted tilde-prefix
+ dl = length of entire passed filename
+ dl2 = length of tilde-prefix
+ expdir = tilde-expanded tilde-prefix
+ xl = length of expanded tilde-prefix
+ l = length of remainder after tilde-prefix
+ */
+ l = (vl - xl) + 1;
+
+ temp = (char *)xmalloc (dl2 + 2 + l);
+ strcpy (temp, dh2);
+ strcpy (temp + dl2, val + xl);
+
+ free (dh2);
+ }
+ else
+ temp = savestring (val);
+ freetemp = 1;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ temp = strrchr (val, '/');
+
+ if (temp)
+ {
+ temp++;
+ if (igncase == 0)
+ freetemp = match = strncmp (temp, hint, hint_len) == 0;
+ else
+ freetemp = match = strncasecmp (temp, hint, hint_len) == 0;
+ if (match)
+ temp = savestring (temp);
+ }
+ else
+ freetemp = match = 0;
+ }
+
+#if 0
+ /* If we have found a match, and it is an executable file or a
+ directory name, return it. */
+ if (match && executable_or_directory (val))
+#else
+ /* If we have found a match, and it is an executable file, return it.
+ We don't return directory names when searching $PATH, since the
+ bash execution code won't find executables in directories which
+ appear in directories in $PATH when they're specified using
+ relative pathnames. */
+ if (match && (searching_path ? executable_file (val) : executable_or_directory (val)))
+#endif
+ {
+ free (val);
+ val = ""; /* So it won't be NULL. */
+ return (temp);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ if (freetemp)
+ free (temp);
+ free (val);
+ goto inner;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+/* Completion inside an unterminated command substitution. */
+static char *
+command_subst_completion_function (text, state)
+ const char *text;
+ int state;
+{
+ static char **matches = (char **)NULL;
+ static const char *orig_start;
+ static char *filename_text = (char *)NULL;
+ static int cmd_index, start_len;
+ char *value;
+
+ if (state == 0)
+ {
+ if (filename_text)
+ free (filename_text);
+ orig_start = text;
+ if (*text == '`')
+ text++;
+ else if (*text == '$' && text[1] == '(') /* ) */
+ text += 2;
+ /* If the text was quoted, suppress any quote character that the
+ readline completion code would insert. */
+ rl_completion_suppress_quote = 1;
+ start_len = text - orig_start;
+ filename_text = savestring (text);
+ if (matches)
+ free (matches);
+
+ /*
+ * At this point we can entertain the idea of re-parsing
+ * `filename_text' into a (possibly incomplete) command name and
+ * arguments, and doing completion based on that. This is
+ * currently very rudimentary, but it is a small improvement.
+ */
+ for (value = filename_text + strlen (filename_text) - 1; value > filename_text; value--)
+ if (whitespace (*value) || member (*value, COMMAND_SEPARATORS))
+ break;
+ if (value <= filename_text)
+ matches = rl_completion_matches (filename_text, command_word_completion_function);
+ else
+ {
+ value++;
+ start_len += value - filename_text;
+ if (whitespace (value[-1]))
+ matches = rl_completion_matches (value, rl_filename_completion_function);
+ else
+ matches = rl_completion_matches (value, command_word_completion_function);
+ }
+
+ /* If there is more than one match, rl_completion_matches has already
+ put the lcd in matches[0]. Skip over it. */
+ cmd_index = matches && matches[0] && matches[1];
+
+ /* If there's a single match and it's a directory, set the append char
+ to the expected `/'. Otherwise, don't append anything. */
+ if (matches && matches[0] && matches[1] == 0 && test_for_directory (matches[0]))
+ rl_completion_append_character = '/';
+ else
+ rl_completion_suppress_append = 1;
+ }
+
+ if (!matches || !matches[cmd_index])
+ {
+ rl_filename_quoting_desired = 0; /* disable quoting */
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ value = (char *)xmalloc (1 + start_len + strlen (matches[cmd_index]));
+
+ if (start_len == 1)
+ value[0] = *orig_start;
+ else
+ strncpy (value, orig_start, start_len);
+
+ strcpy (value + start_len, matches[cmd_index]);
+
+ cmd_index++;
+ return (value);
+ }
+}
+
+/* Okay, now we write the entry_function for variable completion. */
+static char *
+variable_completion_function (text, state)
+ const char *text;
+ int state;
+{
+ static char **varlist = (char **)NULL;
+ static int varlist_index;
+ static char *varname = (char *)NULL;
+ static int namelen;
+ static int first_char, first_char_loc;
+
+ if (!state)
+ {
+ if (varname)
+ free (varname);
+
+ first_char_loc = 0;
+ first_char = text[0];
+
+ if (first_char == '$')
+ first_char_loc++;
+
+ if (text[first_char_loc] == '{')
+ first_char_loc++;
+
+ varname = savestring (text + first_char_loc);
+
+ namelen = strlen (varname);
+ if (varlist)
+ strvec_dispose (varlist);
+
+ varlist = all_variables_matching_prefix (varname);
+ varlist_index = 0;
+ }
+
+ if (!varlist || !varlist[varlist_index])
+ {
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ char *value;
+
+ value = (char *)xmalloc (4 + strlen (varlist[varlist_index]));
+
+ if (first_char_loc)
+ {
+ value[0] = first_char;
+ if (first_char_loc == 2)
+ value[1] = '{';
+ }
+
+ strcpy (value + first_char_loc, varlist[varlist_index]);
+ if (first_char_loc == 2)
+ strcat (value, "}");
+
+ varlist_index++;
+ return (value);
+ }
+}
+
+/* How about a completion function for hostnames? */
+static char *
+hostname_completion_function (text, state)
+ const char *text;
+ int state;
+{
+ static char **list = (char **)NULL;
+ static int list_index = 0;
+ static int first_char, first_char_loc;
+
+ /* If we don't have any state, make some. */
+ if (state == 0)
+ {
+ FREE (list);
+
+ list = (char **)NULL;
+
+ first_char_loc = 0;
+ first_char = *text;
+
+ if (first_char == '@')
+ first_char_loc++;
+
+ list = hostnames_matching ((char *)text+first_char_loc);
+ list_index = 0;
+ }
+
+ if (list && list[list_index])
+ {
+ char *t;
+
+ t = (char *)xmalloc (2 + strlen (list[list_index]));
+ *t = first_char;
+ strcpy (t + first_char_loc, list[list_index]);
+ list_index++;
+ return (t);
+ }
+
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+}
+
+/*
+ * A completion function for service names from /etc/services (or wherever).
+ */
+char *
+bash_servicename_completion_function (text, state)
+ const char *text;
+ int state;
+{
+#if defined (__WIN32__) || defined (__OPENNT) || !defined (HAVE_GETSERVENT)
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+#else
+ static char *sname = (char *)NULL;
+ static struct servent *srvent;
+ static int snamelen, firstc;
+ char *value;
+ char **alist, *aentry;
+ int afound;
+
+ if (state == 0)
+ {
+ FREE (sname);
+ firstc = *text;
+
+ sname = savestring (text);
+ snamelen = strlen (sname);
+ setservent (0);
+ }
+
+ while (srvent = getservent ())
+ {
+ afound = 0;
+ if (snamelen == 0 || (STREQN (sname, srvent->s_name, snamelen)))
+ break;
+ /* Not primary, check aliases */
+ for (alist = srvent->s_aliases; *alist; alist++)
+ {
+ aentry = *alist;
+ if (STREQN (sname, aentry, snamelen))
+ {
+ afound = 1;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (afound)
+ break;
+ }
+
+ if (srvent == 0)
+ {
+ endservent ();
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ }
+
+ value = afound ? savestring (aentry) : savestring (srvent->s_name);
+ return value;
+#endif
+}
+
+/*
+ * A completion function for group names from /etc/group (or wherever).
+ */
+char *
+bash_groupname_completion_function (text, state)
+ const char *text;
+ int state;
+{
+#if defined (__WIN32__) || defined (__OPENNT) || !defined (HAVE_GRP_H)
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+#else
+ static char *gname = (char *)NULL;
+ static struct group *grent;
+ static int gnamelen;
+ char *value;
+
+ if (state == 0)
+ {
+ FREE (gname);
+ gname = savestring (text);
+ gnamelen = strlen (gname);
+
+ setgrent ();
+ }
+
+ while (grent = getgrent ())
+ {
+ if (gnamelen == 0 || (STREQN (gname, grent->gr_name, gnamelen)))
+ break;
+ }
+
+ if (grent == 0)
+ {
+ endgrent ();
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ }
+
+ value = savestring (grent->gr_name);
+ return (value);
+#endif
+}
+
+/* Functions to perform history and alias expansions on the current line. */
+
+#if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
+/* Perform history expansion on the current line. If no history expansion
+ is done, pre_process_line() returns what it was passed, so we need to
+ allocate a new line here. */
+static char *
+history_expand_line_internal (line)
+ char *line;
+{
+ char *new_line;
+ int old_verify;
+
+ old_verify = hist_verify;
+ hist_verify = 0;
+ new_line = pre_process_line (line, 0, 0);
+ hist_verify = old_verify;
+
+ return (new_line == line) ? savestring (line) : new_line;
+}
+#endif
+
+/* There was an error in expansion. Let the preprocessor print
+ the error here. */
+static void
+cleanup_expansion_error ()
+{
+ char *to_free;
+#if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
+ int old_verify;
+
+ old_verify = hist_verify;
+ hist_verify = 0;
+#endif
+
+ fprintf (rl_outstream, "\r\n");
+ to_free = pre_process_line (rl_line_buffer, 1, 0);
+#if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
+ hist_verify = old_verify;
+#endif
+ if (to_free != rl_line_buffer)
+ FREE (to_free);
+ putc ('\r', rl_outstream);
+ rl_forced_update_display ();
+}
+
+/* If NEW_LINE differs from what is in the readline line buffer, add an
+ undo record to get from the readline line buffer contents to the new
+ line and make NEW_LINE the current readline line. */
+static void
+maybe_make_readline_line (new_line)
+ char *new_line;
+{
+ if (strcmp (new_line, rl_line_buffer) != 0)
+ {
+ rl_point = rl_end;
+
+ rl_add_undo (UNDO_BEGIN, 0, 0, 0);
+ rl_delete_text (0, rl_point);
+ rl_point = rl_end = rl_mark = 0;
+ rl_insert_text (new_line);
+ rl_add_undo (UNDO_END, 0, 0, 0);
+ }
+}
+
+/* Make NEW_LINE be the current readline line. This frees NEW_LINE. */
+static void
+set_up_new_line (new_line)
+ char *new_line;
+{
+ int old_point, at_end;
+
+ old_point = rl_point;
+ at_end = rl_point == rl_end;
+
+ /* If the line was history and alias expanded, then make that
+ be one thing to undo. */
+ maybe_make_readline_line (new_line);
+ free (new_line);
+
+ /* Place rl_point where we think it should go. */
+ if (at_end)
+ rl_point = rl_end;
+ else if (old_point < rl_end)
+ {
+ rl_point = old_point;
+ if (!whitespace (rl_line_buffer[rl_point]))
+ rl_forward_word (1, 0);
+ }
+}
+
+#if defined (ALIAS)
+/* Expand aliases in the current readline line. */
+static int
+alias_expand_line (count, ignore)
+ int count, ignore;
+{
+ char *new_line;
+
+ new_line = alias_expand (rl_line_buffer);
+
+ if (new_line)
+ {
+ set_up_new_line (new_line);
+ return (0);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ cleanup_expansion_error ();
+ return (1);
+ }
+}
+#endif
+
+#if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
+/* History expand the line. */
+static int
+history_expand_line (count, ignore)
+ int count, ignore;
+{
+ char *new_line;
+
+ new_line = history_expand_line_internal (rl_line_buffer);
+
+ if (new_line)
+ {
+ set_up_new_line (new_line);
+ return (0);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ cleanup_expansion_error ();
+ return (1);
+ }
+}
+
+/* Expand history substitutions in the current line and then insert a
+ space (hopefully close to where we were before). */
+static int
+tcsh_magic_space (count, ignore)
+ int count, ignore;
+{
+ int dist_from_end, old_point;
+
+ old_point = rl_point;
+ dist_from_end = rl_end - rl_point;
+ if (history_expand_line (count, ignore) == 0)
+ {
+ /* Try a simple heuristic from Stephen Gildea <gildea@intouchsys.com>.
+ This works if all expansions were before rl_point or if no expansions
+ were performed. */
+ rl_point = (old_point == 0) ? old_point : rl_end - dist_from_end;
+ rl_insert (1, ' ');
+ return (0);
+ }
+ else
+ return (1);
+}
+#endif /* BANG_HISTORY */
+
+/* History and alias expand the line. */
+static int
+history_and_alias_expand_line (count, ignore)
+ int count, ignore;
+{
+ char *new_line;
+
+ new_line = 0;
+#if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
+ new_line = history_expand_line_internal (rl_line_buffer);
+#endif
+
+#if defined (ALIAS)
+ if (new_line)
+ {
+ char *alias_line;
+
+ alias_line = alias_expand (new_line);
+ free (new_line);
+ new_line = alias_line;
+ }
+#endif /* ALIAS */
+
+ if (new_line)
+ {
+ set_up_new_line (new_line);
+ return (0);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ cleanup_expansion_error ();
+ return (1);
+ }
+}
+
+/* History and alias expand the line, then perform the shell word
+ expansions by calling expand_string. This can't use set_up_new_line()
+ because we want the variable expansions as a separate undo'able
+ set of operations. */
+static int
+shell_expand_line (count, ignore)
+ int count, ignore;
+{
+ char *new_line;
+ WORD_LIST *expanded_string;
+
+ new_line = 0;
+#if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
+ new_line = history_expand_line_internal (rl_line_buffer);
+#endif
+
+#if defined (ALIAS)
+ if (new_line)
+ {
+ char *alias_line;
+
+ alias_line = alias_expand (new_line);
+ free (new_line);
+ new_line = alias_line;
+ }
+#endif /* ALIAS */
+
+ if (new_line)
+ {
+ int old_point = rl_point;
+ int at_end = rl_point == rl_end;
+
+ /* If the line was history and alias expanded, then make that
+ be one thing to undo. */
+ maybe_make_readline_line (new_line);
+ free (new_line);
+
+ /* If there is variable expansion to perform, do that as a separate
+ operation to be undone. */
+ new_line = savestring (rl_line_buffer);
+ expanded_string = expand_string (new_line, 0);
+ FREE (new_line);
+ if (expanded_string == 0)
+ {
+ new_line = (char *)xmalloc (1);
+ new_line[0] = '\0';
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ new_line = string_list (expanded_string);
+ dispose_words (expanded_string);
+ }
+
+ maybe_make_readline_line (new_line);
+ free (new_line);
+
+ /* Place rl_point where we think it should go. */
+ if (at_end)
+ rl_point = rl_end;
+ else if (old_point < rl_end)
+ {
+ rl_point = old_point;
+ if (!whitespace (rl_line_buffer[rl_point]))
+ rl_forward_word (1, 0);
+ }
+ return 0;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ cleanup_expansion_error ();
+ return 1;
+ }
+}
+
+/* If FIGNORE is set, then don't match files with the given suffixes when
+ completing filenames. If only one of the possibilities has an acceptable
+ suffix, delete the others, else just return and let the completer
+ signal an error. It is called by the completer when real
+ completions are done on filenames by the completer's internal
+ function, not for completion lists (M-?) and not on "other"
+ completion types, such as hostnames or commands. */
+
+static struct ignorevar fignore =
+{
+ "FIGNORE",
+ (struct ign *)0,
+ 0,
+ (char *)0,
+ (sh_iv_item_func_t *) 0,
+};
+
+static void
+_ignore_completion_names (names, name_func)
+ char **names;
+ sh_ignore_func_t *name_func;
+{
+ char **newnames;
+ int idx, nidx;
+ char **oldnames;
+ int oidx;
+
+ /* If there is only one completion, see if it is acceptable. If it is
+ not, free it up. In any case, short-circuit and return. This is a
+ special case because names[0] is not the prefix of the list of names
+ if there is only one completion; it is the completion itself. */
+ if (names[1] == (char *)0)
+ {
+ if (force_fignore)
+ if ((*name_func) (names[0]) == 0)
+ {
+ free (names[0]);
+ names[0] = (char *)NULL;
+ }
+
+ return;
+ }
+
+ /* Allocate space for array to hold list of pointers to matching
+ filenames. The pointers are copied back to NAMES when done. */
+ for (nidx = 1; names[nidx]; nidx++)
+ ;
+ newnames = strvec_create (nidx + 1);
+
+ if (force_fignore == 0)
+ {
+ oldnames = strvec_create (nidx - 1);
+ oidx = 0;
+ }
+
+ newnames[0] = names[0];
+ for (idx = nidx = 1; names[idx]; idx++)
+ {
+ if ((*name_func) (names[idx]))
+ newnames[nidx++] = names[idx];
+ else if (force_fignore == 0)
+ oldnames[oidx++] = names[idx];
+ else
+ free (names[idx]);
+ }
+
+ newnames[nidx] = (char *)NULL;
+
+ /* If none are acceptable then let the completer handle it. */
+ if (nidx == 1)
+ {
+ if (force_fignore)
+ {
+ free (names[0]);
+ names[0] = (char *)NULL;
+ }
+ else
+ free (oldnames);
+
+ free (newnames);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ if (force_fignore == 0)
+ {
+ while (oidx)
+ free (oldnames[--oidx]);
+ free (oldnames);
+ }
+
+ /* If only one is acceptable, copy it to names[0] and return. */
+ if (nidx == 2)
+ {
+ free (names[0]);
+ names[0] = newnames[1];
+ names[1] = (char *)NULL;
+ free (newnames);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ /* Copy the acceptable names back to NAMES, set the new array end,
+ and return. */
+ for (nidx = 1; newnames[nidx]; nidx++)
+ names[nidx] = newnames[nidx];
+ names[nidx] = (char *)NULL;
+ free (newnames);
+}
+
+static int
+name_is_acceptable (name)
+ const char *name;
+{
+ struct ign *p;
+ int nlen;
+
+ for (nlen = strlen (name), p = fignore.ignores; p->val; p++)
+ {
+ if (nlen > p->len && p->len > 0 && STREQ (p->val, &name[nlen - p->len]))
+ return (0);
+ }
+
+ return (1);
+}
+
+#if 0
+static int
+ignore_dot_names (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ return (name[0] != '.');
+}
+#endif
+
+static int
+filename_completion_ignore (names)
+ char **names;
+{
+#if 0
+ if (glob_dot_filenames == 0)
+ _ignore_completion_names (names, ignore_dot_names);
+#endif
+
+ setup_ignore_patterns (&fignore);
+
+ if (fignore.num_ignores == 0)
+ return 0;
+
+ _ignore_completion_names (names, name_is_acceptable);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/* Return 1 if NAME is a directory. NAME undergoes tilde expansion. */
+static int
+test_for_directory (name)
+ const char *name;
+{
+ char *fn;
+ int r;
+
+ fn = bash_tilde_expand (name, 0);
+ r = file_isdir (fn);
+ free (fn);
+
+ return (r);
+}
+
+/* Remove files from NAMES, leaving directories. */
+static int
+bash_ignore_filenames (names)
+ char **names;
+{
+ _ignore_completion_names (names, test_for_directory);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+return_zero (name)
+ const char *name;
+{
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+bash_ignore_everything (names)
+ char **names;
+{
+ _ignore_completion_names (names, return_zero);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/* Simulate the expansions that will be performed by
+ rl_filename_completion_function. This must be called with the address of
+ a pointer to malloc'd memory. */
+static void
+bash_directory_expansion (dirname)
+ char **dirname;
+{
+ char *d, *nd;
+
+ d = savestring (*dirname);
+
+ if (rl_directory_rewrite_hook)
+ (*rl_directory_rewrite_hook) (&d);
+
+ if (rl_directory_completion_hook && (*rl_directory_completion_hook) (&d))
+ {
+ free (*dirname);
+ *dirname = d;
+ }
+ else if (rl_completion_found_quote)
+ {
+ nd = bash_dequote_filename (d, rl_completion_quote_character);
+ free (*dirname);
+ free (d);
+ *dirname = nd;
+ }
+}
+
+/* Handle symbolic link references and other directory name
+ expansions while hacking completion. */
+static int
+bash_directory_completion_hook (dirname)
+ char **dirname;
+{
+ char *local_dirname, *new_dirname, *t;
+ int return_value, should_expand_dirname;
+ WORD_LIST *wl;
+ struct stat sb;
+
+ return_value = should_expand_dirname = 0;
+ local_dirname = *dirname;
+
+ if (xstrchr (local_dirname, '$'))
+ should_expand_dirname = 1;
+ else
+ {
+ t = xstrchr (local_dirname, '`');
+ if (t && unclosed_pair (local_dirname, strlen (local_dirname), "`") == 0)
+ should_expand_dirname = 1;
+ }
+
+#if defined (HAVE_LSTAT)
+ if (should_expand_dirname && lstat (local_dirname, &sb) == 0)
+#else
+ if (should_expand_dirname && stat (local_dirname, &sb) == 0)
+#endif
+ should_expand_dirname = 0;
+
+ if (should_expand_dirname)
+ {
+ new_dirname = savestring (local_dirname);
+ wl = expand_prompt_string (new_dirname, 0, W_NOCOMSUB); /* does the right thing */
+ if (wl)
+ {
+ *dirname = string_list (wl);
+ /* Tell the completer to replace the directory name only if we
+ actually expanded something. */
+ return_value = STREQ (local_dirname, *dirname) == 0;
+ free (local_dirname);
+ free (new_dirname);
+ dispose_words (wl);
+ local_dirname = *dirname;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ free (new_dirname);
+ free (local_dirname);
+ *dirname = (char *)xmalloc (1);
+ **dirname = '\0';
+ return 1;
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ /* Dequote the filename even if we don't expand it. */
+ new_dirname = bash_dequote_filename (local_dirname, rl_completion_quote_character);
+ free (local_dirname);
+ local_dirname = *dirname = new_dirname;
+ }
+
+ if (no_symbolic_links == 0 && (local_dirname[0] != '.' || local_dirname[1]))
+ {
+ char *temp1, *temp2;
+ int len1, len2;
+
+ t = get_working_directory ("symlink-hook");
+ temp1 = make_absolute (local_dirname, t);
+ free (t);
+ temp2 = sh_canonpath (temp1, PATH_CHECKDOTDOT|PATH_CHECKEXISTS);
+ /* If we can't canonicalize, bail. */
+ if (temp2 == 0)
+ {
+ free (temp1);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ len1 = strlen (temp1);
+ if (temp1[len1 - 1] == '/')
+ {
+ len2 = strlen (temp2);
+ if (len2 > 2) /* don't append `/' to `/' or `//' */
+ {
+ temp2 = (char *)xrealloc (temp2, len2 + 2);
+ temp2[len2] = '/';
+ temp2[len2 + 1] = '\0';
+ }
+ }
+ free (local_dirname);
+ *dirname = temp2;
+ free (temp1);
+ }
+ return (return_value);
+}
+
+static char **history_completion_array = (char **)NULL;
+static int harry_size;
+static int harry_len;
+
+static void
+build_history_completion_array ()
+{
+ register int i, j;
+ HIST_ENTRY **hlist;
+ char **tokens;
+
+ /* First, clear out the current dynamic history completion list. */
+ if (harry_size)
+ {
+ strvec_dispose (history_completion_array);
+ history_completion_array = (char **)NULL;
+ harry_size = 0;
+ harry_len = 0;
+ }
+
+ /* Next, grovel each line of history, making each shell-sized token
+ a separate entry in the history_completion_array. */
+ hlist = history_list ();
+
+ if (hlist)
+ {
+ for (i = 0; hlist[i]; i++)
+ {
+ /* Separate each token, and place into an array. */
+ tokens = history_tokenize (hlist[i]->line);
+
+ for (j = 0; tokens && tokens[j]; j++)
+ {
+ if (harry_len + 2 > harry_size)
+ history_completion_array = strvec_resize (history_completion_array, harry_size += 10);
+
+ history_completion_array[harry_len++] = tokens[j];
+ history_completion_array[harry_len] = (char *)NULL;
+ }
+ free (tokens);
+ }
+
+ /* Sort the complete list of tokens. */
+ qsort (history_completion_array, harry_len, sizeof (char *), (QSFUNC *)strvec_strcmp);
+ }
+}
+
+static char *
+history_completion_generator (hint_text, state)
+ const char *hint_text;
+ int state;
+{
+ static int local_index, len;
+ static const char *text;
+
+ /* If this is the first call to the generator, then initialize the
+ list of strings to complete over. */
+ if (state == 0)
+ {
+ local_index = 0;
+ build_history_completion_array ();
+ text = hint_text;
+ len = strlen (text);
+ }
+
+ while (history_completion_array && history_completion_array[local_index])
+ {
+ if (strncmp (text, history_completion_array[local_index++], len) == 0)
+ return (savestring (history_completion_array[local_index - 1]));
+ }
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+}
+
+static int
+dynamic_complete_history (count, key)
+ int count, key;
+{
+ int r;
+
+ rl_compentry_func_t *orig_func;
+ rl_completion_func_t *orig_attempt_func;
+
+ orig_func = rl_completion_entry_function;
+ orig_attempt_func = rl_attempted_completion_function;
+ rl_completion_entry_function = history_completion_generator;
+ rl_attempted_completion_function = (rl_completion_func_t *)NULL;
+
+ /* XXX - use rl_completion_mode here? */
+ if (rl_last_func == dynamic_complete_history)
+ r = rl_complete_internal ('?');
+ else
+ r = rl_complete_internal (TAB);
+
+ rl_completion_entry_function = orig_func;
+ rl_attempted_completion_function = orig_attempt_func;
+ return r;
+}
+
+#if defined (SPECIFIC_COMPLETION_FUNCTIONS)
+static int
+bash_complete_username (ignore, ignore2)
+ int ignore, ignore2;
+{
+ return bash_complete_username_internal (rl_completion_mode (bash_complete_username));
+}
+
+static int
+bash_possible_username_completions (ignore, ignore2)
+ int ignore, ignore2;
+{
+ return bash_complete_username_internal ('?');
+}
+
+static int
+bash_complete_username_internal (what_to_do)
+ int what_to_do;
+{
+ return bash_specific_completion (what_to_do, rl_username_completion_function);
+}
+
+static int
+bash_complete_filename (ignore, ignore2)
+ int ignore, ignore2;
+{
+ return bash_complete_filename_internal (rl_completion_mode (bash_complete_filename));
+}
+
+static int
+bash_possible_filename_completions (ignore, ignore2)
+ int ignore, ignore2;
+{
+ return bash_complete_filename_internal ('?');
+}
+
+static int
+bash_complete_filename_internal (what_to_do)
+ int what_to_do;
+{
+ rl_compentry_func_t *orig_func;
+ rl_completion_func_t *orig_attempt_func;
+ rl_icppfunc_t *orig_dir_func;
+ /*const*/ char *orig_rl_completer_word_break_characters;
+ int r;
+
+ orig_func = rl_completion_entry_function;
+ orig_attempt_func = rl_attempted_completion_function;
+ orig_dir_func = rl_directory_completion_hook;
+ orig_rl_completer_word_break_characters = rl_completer_word_break_characters;
+ rl_completion_entry_function = rl_filename_completion_function;
+ rl_attempted_completion_function = (rl_completion_func_t *)NULL;
+ rl_directory_completion_hook = (rl_icppfunc_t *)NULL;
+ rl_completer_word_break_characters = " \t\n\"\'";
+
+ r = rl_complete_internal (what_to_do);
+
+ rl_completion_entry_function = orig_func;
+ rl_attempted_completion_function = orig_attempt_func;
+ rl_directory_completion_hook = orig_dir_func;
+ rl_completer_word_break_characters = orig_rl_completer_word_break_characters;
+
+ return r;
+}
+
+static int
+bash_complete_hostname (ignore, ignore2)
+ int ignore, ignore2;
+{
+ return bash_complete_hostname_internal (rl_completion_mode (bash_complete_hostname));
+}
+
+static int
+bash_possible_hostname_completions (ignore, ignore2)
+ int ignore, ignore2;
+{
+ return bash_complete_hostname_internal ('?');
+}
+
+static int
+bash_complete_variable (ignore, ignore2)
+ int ignore, ignore2;
+{
+ return bash_complete_variable_internal (rl_completion_mode (bash_complete_variable));
+}
+
+static int
+bash_possible_variable_completions (ignore, ignore2)
+ int ignore, ignore2;
+{
+ return bash_complete_variable_internal ('?');
+}
+
+static int
+bash_complete_command (ignore, ignore2)
+ int ignore, ignore2;
+{
+ return bash_complete_command_internal (rl_completion_mode (bash_complete_command));
+}
+
+static int
+bash_possible_command_completions (ignore, ignore2)
+ int ignore, ignore2;
+{
+ return bash_complete_command_internal ('?');
+}
+
+static int
+bash_complete_hostname_internal (what_to_do)
+ int what_to_do;
+{
+ return bash_specific_completion (what_to_do, hostname_completion_function);
+}
+
+static int
+bash_complete_variable_internal (what_to_do)
+ int what_to_do;
+{
+ return bash_specific_completion (what_to_do, variable_completion_function);
+}
+
+static int
+bash_complete_command_internal (what_to_do)
+ int what_to_do;
+{
+ return bash_specific_completion (what_to_do, command_word_completion_function);
+}
+
+static char *globtext;
+static char *globorig;
+
+static char *
+glob_complete_word (text, state)
+ const char *text;
+ int state;
+{
+ static char **matches = (char **)NULL;
+ static int ind;
+ int glen;
+ char *ret, *ttext;
+
+ if (state == 0)
+ {
+ rl_filename_completion_desired = 1;
+ FREE (matches);
+ if (globorig != globtext)
+ FREE (globorig);
+ FREE (globtext);
+
+ ttext = bash_tilde_expand (text, 0);
+
+ if (rl_explicit_arg)
+ {
+ globorig = savestring (ttext);
+ glen = strlen (ttext);
+ globtext = (char *)xmalloc (glen + 2);
+ strcpy (globtext, ttext);
+ globtext[glen] = '*';
+ globtext[glen+1] = '\0';
+ }
+ else
+ globtext = globorig = savestring (ttext);
+
+ if (ttext != text)
+ free (ttext);
+
+ matches = shell_glob_filename (globtext);
+ if (GLOB_FAILED (matches))
+ matches = (char **)NULL;
+ ind = 0;
+ }
+
+ ret = matches ? matches[ind] : (char *)NULL;
+ ind++;
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static int
+bash_glob_completion_internal (what_to_do)
+ int what_to_do;
+{
+ return bash_specific_completion (what_to_do, glob_complete_word);
+}
+
+/* A special quoting function so we don't end up quoting globbing characters
+ in the word if there are no matches or multiple matches. */
+static char *
+bash_glob_quote_filename (s, rtype, qcp)
+ char *s;
+ int rtype;
+ char *qcp;
+{
+ if (globorig && qcp && *qcp == '\0' && STREQ (s, globorig))
+ return (savestring (s));
+ else
+ return (bash_quote_filename (s, rtype, qcp));
+}
+
+static int
+bash_glob_complete_word (count, key)
+ int count, key;
+{
+ int r;
+ rl_quote_func_t *orig_quoting_function;
+
+ if (rl_editing_mode == EMACS_EDITING_MODE)
+ rl_explicit_arg = 1; /* force `*' append */
+ orig_quoting_function = rl_filename_quoting_function;
+ rl_filename_quoting_function = bash_glob_quote_filename;
+
+ r = bash_glob_completion_internal (rl_completion_mode (bash_glob_complete_word));
+
+ rl_filename_quoting_function = orig_quoting_function;
+ return r;
+}
+
+static int
+bash_glob_expand_word (count, key)
+ int count, key;
+{
+ return bash_glob_completion_internal ('*');
+}
+
+static int
+bash_glob_list_expansions (count, key)
+ int count, key;
+{
+ return bash_glob_completion_internal ('?');
+}
+
+static int
+bash_specific_completion (what_to_do, generator)
+ int what_to_do;
+ rl_compentry_func_t *generator;
+{
+ rl_compentry_func_t *orig_func;
+ rl_completion_func_t *orig_attempt_func;
+ int r;
+
+ orig_func = rl_completion_entry_function;
+ orig_attempt_func = rl_attempted_completion_function;
+ rl_completion_entry_function = generator;
+ rl_attempted_completion_function = NULL;
+
+ r = rl_complete_internal (what_to_do);
+
+ rl_completion_entry_function = orig_func;
+ rl_attempted_completion_function = orig_attempt_func;
+
+ return r;
+}
+
+#endif /* SPECIFIC_COMPLETION_FUNCTIONS */
+
+#if defined (VI_MODE)
+/* Completion, from vi mode's point of view. This is a modified version of
+ rl_vi_complete which uses the bash globbing code to implement what POSIX
+ specifies, which is to append a `*' and attempt filename generation (which
+ has the side effect of expanding any globbing characters in the word). */
+static int
+bash_vi_complete (count, key)
+ int count, key;
+{
+#if defined (SPECIFIC_COMPLETION_FUNCTIONS)
+ int p, r;
+ char *t;
+
+ if ((rl_point < rl_end) && (!whitespace (rl_line_buffer[rl_point])))
+ {
+ if (!whitespace (rl_line_buffer[rl_point + 1]))
+ rl_vi_end_word (1, 'E');
+ rl_point++;
+ }
+
+ /* Find boundaries of current word, according to vi definition of a
+ `bigword'. */
+ t = 0;
+ if (rl_point > 0)
+ {
+ p = rl_point;
+ rl_vi_bWord (1, 'B');
+ r = rl_point;
+ rl_point = p;
+ p = r;
+
+ t = substring (rl_line_buffer, p, rl_point);
+ }
+
+ if (t && glob_pattern_p (t) == 0)
+ rl_explicit_arg = 1; /* XXX - force glob_complete_word to append `*' */
+ FREE (t);
+
+ if (key == '*') /* Expansion and replacement. */
+ r = bash_glob_expand_word (count, key);
+ else if (key == '=') /* List possible completions. */
+ r = bash_glob_list_expansions (count, key);
+ else if (key == '\\') /* Standard completion */
+ r = bash_glob_complete_word (count, key);
+ else
+ r = rl_complete (0, key);
+
+ if (key == '*' || key == '\\')
+ rl_vi_start_inserting (key, 1, 1);
+
+ return (r);
+#else
+ return rl_vi_complete (count, key);
+#endif /* !SPECIFIC_COMPLETION_FUNCTIONS */
+}
+#endif /* VI_MODE */
+
+/* Filename quoting for completion. */
+/* A function to strip unquoted quote characters (single quotes, double
+ quotes, and backslashes). It allows single quotes to appear
+ within double quotes, and vice versa. It should be smarter. */
+static char *
+bash_dequote_filename (text, quote_char)
+ char *text;
+ int quote_char;
+{
+ char *ret, *p, *r;
+ int l, quoted;
+
+ l = strlen (text);
+ ret = (char *)xmalloc (l + 1);
+ for (quoted = quote_char, p = text, r = ret; p && *p; p++)
+ {
+ /* Allow backslash-escaped characters to pass through unscathed. */
+ if (*p == '\\')
+ {
+ /* Backslashes are preserved within single quotes. */
+ if (quoted == '\'')
+ *r++ = *p;
+ /* Backslashes are preserved within double quotes unless the
+ character is one that is defined to be escaped */
+ else if (quoted == '"' && ((sh_syntaxtab[p[1]] & CBSDQUOTE) == 0))
+ *r++ = *p;
+
+ *r++ = *++p;
+ if (*p == '\0')
+ break;
+ continue;
+ }
+ /* Close quote. */
+ if (quoted && *p == quoted)
+ {
+ quoted = 0;
+ continue;
+ }
+ /* Open quote. */
+ if (quoted == 0 && (*p == '\'' || *p == '"'))
+ {
+ quoted = *p;
+ continue;
+ }
+ *r++ = *p;
+ }
+ *r = '\0';
+ return ret;
+}
+
+/* Quote characters that the readline completion code would treat as
+ word break characters with backslashes. Pass backslash-quoted
+ characters through without examination. */
+static char *
+quote_word_break_chars (text)
+ char *text;
+{
+ char *ret, *r, *s;
+ int l;
+
+ l = strlen (text);
+ ret = (char *)xmalloc ((2 * l) + 1);
+ for (s = text, r = ret; *s; s++)
+ {
+ /* Pass backslash-quoted characters through, including the backslash. */
+ if (*s == '\\')
+ {
+ *r++ = '\\';
+ *r++ = *++s;
+ if (*s == '\0')
+ break;
+ continue;
+ }
+ /* OK, we have an unquoted character. Check its presence in
+ rl_completer_word_break_characters. */
+ if (xstrchr (rl_completer_word_break_characters, *s))
+ *r++ = '\\';
+ *r++ = *s;
+ }
+ *r = '\0';
+ return ret;
+}
+
+/* Quote a filename using double quotes, single quotes, or backslashes
+ depending on the value of completion_quoting_style. If we're
+ completing using backslashes, we need to quote some additional
+ characters (those that readline treats as word breaks), so we call
+ quote_word_break_chars on the result. This returns newly-allocated
+ memory. */
+static char *
+bash_quote_filename (s, rtype, qcp)
+ char *s;
+ int rtype;
+ char *qcp;
+{
+ char *rtext, *mtext, *ret;
+ int rlen, cs;
+
+ rtext = (char *)NULL;
+
+ /* If RTYPE == MULT_MATCH, it means that there is
+ more than one match. In this case, we do not add
+ the closing quote or attempt to perform tilde
+ expansion. If RTYPE == SINGLE_MATCH, we try
+ to perform tilde expansion, because single and double
+ quotes inhibit tilde expansion by the shell. */
+
+ cs = completion_quoting_style;
+ /* Might need to modify the default completion style based on *qcp,
+ since it's set to any user-provided opening quote. We also change
+ to single-quoting if there is no user-provided opening quote and
+ the word being completed contains newlines, since those are not
+ quoted correctly using backslashes (a backslash-newline pair is
+ special to the shell parser). */
+ if (*qcp == '\0' && cs == COMPLETE_BSQUOTE && xstrchr (s, '\n'))
+ cs = COMPLETE_SQUOTE;
+ else if (*qcp == '"')
+ cs = COMPLETE_DQUOTE;
+ else if (*qcp == '\'')
+ cs = COMPLETE_SQUOTE;
+#if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
+ else if (*qcp == '\0' && history_expansion && cs == COMPLETE_DQUOTE &&
+ history_expansion_inhibited == 0 && xstrchr (s, '!'))
+ cs = COMPLETE_BSQUOTE;
+
+ if (*qcp == '"' && history_expansion && cs == COMPLETE_DQUOTE &&
+ history_expansion_inhibited == 0 && xstrchr (s, '!'))
+ {
+ cs = COMPLETE_BSQUOTE;
+ *qcp = '\0';
+ }
+#endif
+
+ /* Don't tilde-expand backslash-quoted filenames, since only single and
+ double quotes inhibit tilde expansion. */
+ mtext = s;
+ if (mtext[0] == '~' && rtype == SINGLE_MATCH && cs != COMPLETE_BSQUOTE)
+ mtext = bash_tilde_expand (s, 0);
+
+ switch (cs)
+ {
+ case COMPLETE_DQUOTE:
+ rtext = sh_double_quote (mtext);
+ break;
+ case COMPLETE_SQUOTE:
+ rtext = sh_single_quote (mtext);
+ break;
+ case COMPLETE_BSQUOTE:
+ rtext = sh_backslash_quote (mtext);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ if (mtext != s)
+ free (mtext);
+
+ /* We may need to quote additional characters: those that readline treats
+ as word breaks that are not quoted by backslash_quote. */
+ if (rtext && cs == COMPLETE_BSQUOTE)
+ {
+ mtext = quote_word_break_chars (rtext);
+ free (rtext);
+ rtext = mtext;
+ }
+
+ /* Leave the opening quote intact. The readline completion code takes
+ care of avoiding doubled opening quotes. */
+ rlen = strlen (rtext);
+ ret = (char *)xmalloc (rlen + 1);
+ strcpy (ret, rtext);
+
+ /* If there are multiple matches, cut off the closing quote. */
+ if (rtype == MULT_MATCH && cs != COMPLETE_BSQUOTE)
+ ret[rlen - 1] = '\0';
+ free (rtext);
+ return ret;
+}
+
+/* Support for binding readline key sequences to Unix commands. */
+static Keymap cmd_xmap;
+
+static int
+bash_execute_unix_command (count, key)
+ int count; /* ignored */
+ int key;
+{
+ Keymap ckmap; /* current keymap */
+ Keymap xkmap; /* unix command executing keymap */
+ register int i;
+ char *cmd;
+ sh_parser_state_t ps;
+
+ /* First, we need to find the right command to execute. This is tricky,
+ because we might have already indirected into another keymap. */
+ ckmap = rl_get_keymap ();
+ if (ckmap != rl_executing_keymap)
+ {
+ /* bogus. we have to search. only handle one level of indirection. */
+ for (i = 0; i < KEYMAP_SIZE; i++)
+ {
+ if (ckmap[i].type == ISKMAP && (Keymap)ckmap[i].function == rl_executing_keymap)
+ break;
+ }
+ if (i < KEYMAP_SIZE)
+ xkmap = (Keymap)cmd_xmap[i].function;
+ else
+ {
+ rl_crlf ();
+ internal_error (_("bash_execute_unix_command: cannot find keymap for command"));
+ rl_forced_update_display ();
+ return 1;
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ xkmap = cmd_xmap;
+
+ cmd = (char *)xkmap[key].function;
+
+ if (cmd == 0)
+ {
+ rl_ding ();
+ return 1;
+ }
+
+ rl_crlf (); /* move to a new line */
+
+ save_parser_state (&ps);
+
+ cmd = savestring (cmd);
+ parse_and_execute (cmd, "bash_execute_unix_command", SEVAL_NOHIST);
+
+ restore_parser_state (&ps);
+
+ /* and restore the readline buffer and display after command execution. */
+ rl_forced_update_display ();
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static void
+init_unix_command_map ()
+{
+ cmd_xmap = rl_make_bare_keymap ();
+}
+
+static int
+isolate_sequence (string, ind, need_dquote, startp)
+ char *string;
+ int ind, need_dquote, *startp;
+{
+ register int i;
+ int c, passc, delim;
+
+ for (i = ind; string[i] && whitespace (string[i]); i++)
+ ;
+ /* NEED_DQUOTE means that the first non-white character *must* be `"'. */
+ if (need_dquote && string[i] != '"')
+ {
+ builtin_error (_("%s: first non-whitespace character is not `\"'"), string);
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ /* We can have delimited strings even if NEED_DQUOTE == 0, like the command
+ string to bind the key sequence to. */
+ delim = (string[i] == '"' || string[i] == '\'') ? string[i] : 0;
+
+ if (startp)
+ *startp = delim ? ++i : i;
+
+ for (passc = 0; c = string[i]; i++)
+ {
+ if (passc)
+ {
+ passc = 0;
+ continue;
+ }
+ if (c == '\\')
+ {
+ passc++;
+ continue;
+ }
+ if (c == delim)
+ break;
+ }
+
+ if (delim && string[i] != delim)
+ {
+ builtin_error (_("no closing `%c' in %s"), delim, string);
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ return i;
+}
+
+int
+bind_keyseq_to_unix_command (line)
+ char *line;
+{
+ Keymap kmap;
+ char *kseq, *value;
+ int i, kstart;
+
+ if (cmd_xmap == 0)
+ init_unix_command_map ();
+
+ kmap = rl_get_keymap ();
+
+ /* We duplicate some of the work done by rl_parse_and_bind here, but
+ this code only has to handle `"keyseq": ["]command["]' and can
+ generate an error for anything else. */
+ i = isolate_sequence (line, 0, 1, &kstart);
+ if (i < 0)
+ return -1;
+
+ /* Create the key sequence string to pass to rl_generic_bind */
+ kseq = substring (line, kstart, i);
+
+ for ( ; line[i] && line[i] != ':'; i++)
+ ;
+ if (line[i] != ':')
+ {
+ builtin_error (_("%s: missing colon separator"), line);
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ i = isolate_sequence (line, i + 1, 0, &kstart);
+ if (i < 0)
+ return -1;
+
+ /* Create the value string containing the command to execute. */
+ value = substring (line, kstart, i);
+
+ /* Save the command to execute and the key sequence in the CMD_XMAP */
+ rl_generic_bind (ISMACR, kseq, value, cmd_xmap);
+
+ /* and bind the key sequence in the current keymap to a function that
+ understands how to execute from CMD_XMAP */
+ rl_bind_keyseq_in_map (kseq, bash_execute_unix_command, kmap);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/* Used by the programmable completion code. Complete TEXT as a filename,
+ but return only directories as matches. Dequotes the filename before
+ attempting to find matches. */
+char **
+bash_directory_completion_matches (text)
+ const char *text;
+{
+ char **m1;
+ char *dfn;
+ int qc;
+
+ qc = rl_dispatching ? rl_completion_quote_character : 0;
+ dfn = bash_dequote_filename ((char *)text, qc);
+ m1 = rl_completion_matches (dfn, rl_filename_completion_function);
+ free (dfn);
+
+ if (m1 == 0 || m1[0] == 0)
+ return m1;
+ /* We don't bother recomputing the lcd of the matches, because it will just
+ get thrown away by the programmable completion code and recomputed
+ later. */
+ (void)bash_ignore_filenames (m1);
+ return m1;
+}
+
+char *
+bash_dequote_text (text)
+ const char *text;
+{
+ char *dtxt;
+ int qc;
+
+ qc = (text[0] == '"' || text[0] == '\'') ? text[0] : 0;
+ dtxt = bash_dequote_filename ((char *)text, qc);
+ return (dtxt);
+}
+#endif /* READLINE */
--- /dev/null
+/* bashline.c -- Bash's interface to the readline library. */
+
+/* Copyright (C) 1987-2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+ This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+
+ Bash is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
+ any later version.
+
+ Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
+ or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public
+ License for more details.
+
+ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ along with Bash; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free
+ Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111 USA. */
+
+#include "config.h"
+
+#if defined (READLINE)
+
+#include "bashtypes.h"
+#include "posixstat.h"
+
+#if defined (HAVE_UNISTD_H)
+# include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+
+#if defined (HAVE_GRP_H)
+# include <grp.h>
+#endif
+
+#if defined (HAVE_NETDB_H)
+# include <netdb.h>
+#endif
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include "chartypes.h"
+#include "bashansi.h"
+#include "bashintl.h"
+
+#include "shell.h"
+#include "input.h"
+#include "builtins.h"
+#include "bashhist.h"
+#include "bashline.h"
+#include "execute_cmd.h"
+#include "findcmd.h"
+#include "pathexp.h"
+#include "builtins/common.h"
+#include <readline/rlconf.h>
+#include <readline/readline.h>
+#include <readline/history.h>
+
+#include <glob/glob.h>
+
+#if defined (ALIAS)
+# include "alias.h"
+#endif
+
+#if defined (PROGRAMMABLE_COMPLETION)
+# include "pcomplete.h"
+#endif
+
+/* These should agree with the defines for emacs_mode and vi_mode in
+ rldefs.h, even though that's not a public readline header file. */
+#ifndef EMACS_EDITING_MODE
+# define NO_EDITING_MODE -1
+# define EMACS_EDITING_MODE 1
+# define VI_EDITING_MODE 0
+#endif
+
+#if defined (BRACE_COMPLETION)
+extern int bash_brace_completion __P((int, int));
+#endif /* BRACE_COMPLETION */
+
+/* Forward declarations */
+
+/* Functions bound to keys in Readline for Bash users. */
+static int shell_expand_line __P((int, int));
+static int display_shell_version __P((int, int));
+static int operate_and_get_next __P((int, int));
+
+static int bash_ignore_filenames __P((char **));
+static int bash_ignore_everything __P((char **));
+
+#if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
+static char *history_expand_line_internal __P((char *));
+static int history_expand_line __P((int, int));
+static int tcsh_magic_space __P((int, int));
+#endif /* BANG_HISTORY */
+#ifdef ALIAS
+static int alias_expand_line __P((int, int));
+#endif
+#if defined (BANG_HISTORY) && defined (ALIAS)
+static int history_and_alias_expand_line __P((int, int));
+#endif
+
+/* Helper functions for Readline. */
+static char *restore_tilde __P((char *, char *));
+
+static void bash_directory_expansion __P((char **));
+static int bash_directory_completion_hook __P((char **));
+static int filename_completion_ignore __P((char **));
+static int bash_push_line __P((void));
+
+static void cleanup_expansion_error __P((void));
+static void maybe_make_readline_line __P((char *));
+static void set_up_new_line __P((char *));
+
+static int check_redir __P((int));
+static char **attempt_shell_completion __P((const char *, int, int));
+static char *variable_completion_function __P((const char *, int));
+static char *hostname_completion_function __P((const char *, int));
+static char *command_subst_completion_function __P((const char *, int));
+
+static void build_history_completion_array __P((void));
+static char *history_completion_generator __P((const char *, int));
+static int dynamic_complete_history __P((int, int));
+
+static void initialize_hostname_list __P((void));
+static void add_host_name __P((char *));
+static void snarf_hosts_from_file __P((char *));
+static char **hostnames_matching __P((char *));
+
+static void _ignore_completion_names __P((char **, sh_ignore_func_t *));
+static int name_is_acceptable __P((const char *));
+static int test_for_directory __P((const char *));
+static int return_zero __P((const char *));
+
+static char *bash_dequote_filename __P((char *, int));
+static char *quote_word_break_chars __P((char *));
+static char *bash_quote_filename __P((char *, int, char *));
+
+static int bash_execute_unix_command __P((int, int));
+static void init_unix_command_map __P((void));
+static int isolate_sequence __P((char *, int, int, int *));
+
+static int set_saved_history __P((void));
+
+#if defined (ALIAS)
+static int posix_edit_macros __P((int, int));
+#endif
+
+#if defined (PROGRAMMABLE_COMPLETION)
+static int find_cmd_start __P((int));
+static int find_cmd_end __P((int));
+static char *find_cmd_name __P((int));
+static char *prog_complete_return __P((const char *, int));
+
+static char **prog_complete_matches;
+#endif
+
+/* Variables used here but defined in other files. */
+#if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
+extern int hist_verify;
+#endif
+
+extern int current_command_line_count, last_command_exit_value;
+extern int posixly_correct, no_symbolic_links;
+extern char *current_prompt_string, *ps1_prompt;
+extern STRING_INT_ALIST word_token_alist[];
+extern sh_builtin_func_t *last_shell_builtin, *this_shell_builtin;
+
+/* SPECIFIC_COMPLETION_FUNCTIONS specifies that we have individual
+ completion functions which indicate what type of completion should be
+ done (at or before point) that can be bound to key sequences with
+ the readline library. */
+#define SPECIFIC_COMPLETION_FUNCTIONS
+
+#if defined (SPECIFIC_COMPLETION_FUNCTIONS)
+static int bash_specific_completion __P((int, rl_compentry_func_t *));
+
+static int bash_complete_filename_internal __P((int));
+static int bash_complete_username_internal __P((int));
+static int bash_complete_hostname_internal __P((int));
+static int bash_complete_variable_internal __P((int));
+static int bash_complete_command_internal __P((int));
+
+static int bash_complete_filename __P((int, int));
+static int bash_possible_filename_completions __P((int, int));
+static int bash_complete_username __P((int, int));
+static int bash_possible_username_completions __P((int, int));
+static int bash_complete_hostname __P((int, int));
+static int bash_possible_hostname_completions __P((int, int));
+static int bash_complete_variable __P((int, int));
+static int bash_possible_variable_completions __P((int, int));
+static int bash_complete_command __P((int, int));
+static int bash_possible_command_completions __P((int, int));
+
+static char *glob_complete_word __P((const char *, int));
+static int bash_glob_completion_internal __P((int));
+static int bash_glob_complete_word __P((int, int));
+static int bash_glob_expand_word __P((int, int));
+static int bash_glob_list_expansions __P((int, int));
+
+#endif /* SPECIFIC_COMPLETION_FUNCTIONS */
+
+static int edit_and_execute_command __P((int, int, int, char *));
+#if defined (VI_MODE)
+static int vi_edit_and_execute_command __P((int, int));
+static int bash_vi_complete __P((int, int));
+#endif
+static int emacs_edit_and_execute_command __P((int, int));
+
+/* Non-zero once initalize_readline () has been called. */
+int bash_readline_initialized = 0;
+
+/* If non-zero, we do hostname completion, breaking words at `@' and
+ trying to complete the stuff after the `@' from our own internal
+ host list. */
+int perform_hostname_completion = 1;
+
+/* If non-zero, we don't do command completion on an empty line. */
+int no_empty_command_completion;
+
+/* Set FORCE_FIGNORE if you want to honor FIGNORE even if it ignores the
+ only possible matches. Set to 0 if you want to match filenames if they
+ are the only possible matches, even if FIGNORE says to. */
+int force_fignore = 1;
+
+static char *bash_completer_word_break_characters = " \t\n\"'@><=;|&(:";
+static char *bash_nohostname_word_break_characters = " \t\n\"'><=;|&(:";
+/* )) */
+
+static rl_hook_func_t *old_rl_startup_hook = (rl_hook_func_t *)NULL;
+
+static int dot_in_path = 0;
+
+/* What kind of quoting is performed by bash_quote_filename:
+ COMPLETE_DQUOTE = double-quoting the filename
+ COMPLETE_SQUOTE = single_quoting the filename
+ COMPLETE_BSQUOTE = backslash-quoting special chars in the filename
+*/
+#define COMPLETE_DQUOTE 1
+#define COMPLETE_SQUOTE 2
+#define COMPLETE_BSQUOTE 3
+static int completion_quoting_style = COMPLETE_BSQUOTE;
+
+/* Flag values for the final argument to bash_default_completion */
+#define DEFCOMP_CMDPOS 1
+
+/* Change the readline VI-mode keymaps into or out of Posix.2 compliance.
+ Called when the shell is put into or out of `posix' mode. */
+void
+posix_readline_initialize (on_or_off)
+ int on_or_off;
+{
+ if (on_or_off)
+ rl_variable_bind ("comment-begin", "#");
+#if defined (VI_MODE)
+ rl_bind_key_in_map (CTRL ('I'), on_or_off ? rl_insert : rl_complete, vi_insertion_keymap);
+#endif
+}
+
+/* When this function returns, rl_completer_word_break_characters points to
+ dynamically allocated memory. */
+int
+enable_hostname_completion (on_or_off)
+ int on_or_off;
+{
+ int old_value;
+ char *at, *nv, *nval;
+
+ old_value = perform_hostname_completion;
+
+ if (on_or_off)
+ {
+ perform_hostname_completion = 1;
+ rl_special_prefixes = "$@";
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ perform_hostname_completion = 0;
+ rl_special_prefixes = "$";
+ }
+
+ /* Now we need to figure out how to appropriately modify and assign
+ rl_completer_word_break_characters depending on whether we want
+ hostname completion on or off. */
+
+ /* If this is the first time this has been called
+ (bash_readline_initialized == 0), use the sames values as before, but
+ allocate new memory for rl_completer_word_break_characters. */
+
+ if (bash_readline_initialized == 0 &&
+ (rl_completer_word_break_characters == 0 ||
+ rl_completer_word_break_characters == rl_basic_word_break_characters))
+ {
+ if (on_or_off)
+ rl_completer_word_break_characters = savestring (bash_completer_word_break_characters);
+ else
+ rl_completer_word_break_characters = savestring (bash_nohostname_word_break_characters);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ /* See if we have anything to do. */
+ at = strchr (rl_completer_word_break_characters, '@');
+ if ((at == 0 && on_or_off == 0) || (at != 0 && on_or_off != 0))
+ return old_value;
+
+ /* We have something to do. Do it. */
+ nval = (char *)xmalloc (strlen (rl_completer_word_break_characters) + 1 + on_or_off);
+
+ if (on_or_off == 0)
+ {
+ /* Turn it off -- just remove `@' from word break chars. We want
+ to remove all occurrences of `@' from the char list, so we loop
+ rather than just copy the rest of the list over AT. */
+ for (nv = nval, at = rl_completer_word_break_characters; *at; )
+ if (*at != '@')
+ *nv++ = *at++;
+ else
+ at++;
+ *nv = '\0';
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ nval[0] = '@';
+ strcpy (nval + 1, rl_completer_word_break_characters);
+ }
+
+ free (rl_completer_word_break_characters);
+ rl_completer_word_break_characters = nval;
+ }
+
+ return (old_value);
+}
+
+/* Called once from parse.y if we are going to use readline. */
+void
+initialize_readline ()
+{
+ rl_command_func_t *func;
+ char kseq[2];
+
+ if (bash_readline_initialized)
+ return;
+
+ rl_terminal_name = get_string_value ("TERM");
+ rl_instream = stdin;
+ rl_outstream = stderr;
+
+ /* Allow conditional parsing of the ~/.inputrc file. */
+ rl_readline_name = "Bash";
+
+ /* Add bindable names before calling rl_initialize so they may be
+ referenced in the various inputrc files. */
+ rl_add_defun ("shell-expand-line", shell_expand_line, -1);
+#ifdef BANG_HISTORY
+ rl_add_defun ("history-expand-line", history_expand_line, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("magic-space", tcsh_magic_space, -1);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ALIAS
+ rl_add_defun ("alias-expand-line", alias_expand_line, -1);
+# ifdef BANG_HISTORY
+ rl_add_defun ("history-and-alias-expand-line", history_and_alias_expand_line, -1);
+# endif
+#endif
+
+ /* Backwards compatibility. */
+ rl_add_defun ("insert-last-argument", rl_yank_last_arg, -1);
+
+ rl_add_defun ("operate-and-get-next", operate_and_get_next, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("display-shell-version", display_shell_version, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("edit-and-execute-command", emacs_edit_and_execute_command, -1);
+
+#if defined (BRACE_COMPLETION)
+ rl_add_defun ("complete-into-braces", bash_brace_completion, -1);
+#endif
+
+#if defined (SPECIFIC_COMPLETION_FUNCTIONS)
+ rl_add_defun ("complete-filename", bash_complete_filename, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("possible-filename-completions", bash_possible_filename_completions, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("complete-username", bash_complete_username, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("possible-username-completions", bash_possible_username_completions, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("complete-hostname", bash_complete_hostname, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("possible-hostname-completions", bash_possible_hostname_completions, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("complete-variable", bash_complete_variable, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("possible-variable-completions", bash_possible_variable_completions, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("complete-command", bash_complete_command, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("possible-command-completions", bash_possible_command_completions, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("glob-complete-word", bash_glob_complete_word, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("glob-expand-word", bash_glob_expand_word, -1);
+ rl_add_defun ("glob-list-expansions", bash_glob_list_expansions, -1);
+#endif
+
+ rl_add_defun ("dynamic-complete-history", dynamic_complete_history, -1);
+
+ /* Bind defaults before binding our custom shell keybindings. */
+ if (RL_ISSTATE(RL_STATE_INITIALIZED) == 0)
+ rl_initialize ();
+
+ /* Bind up our special shell functions. */
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map (CTRL('E'), shell_expand_line, emacs_meta_keymap);
+
+#ifdef BANG_HISTORY
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('^', history_expand_line, emacs_meta_keymap);
+#endif
+
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map (CTRL ('O'), operate_and_get_next, emacs_standard_keymap);
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map (CTRL ('V'), display_shell_version, emacs_ctlx_keymap);
+
+ /* In Bash, the user can switch editing modes with "set -o [vi emacs]",
+ so it is not necessary to allow C-M-j for context switching. Turn
+ off this occasionally confusing behaviour. */
+ kseq[0] = CTRL('J');
+ kseq[1] = '\0';
+ func = rl_function_of_keyseq (kseq, emacs_meta_keymap, (int *)NULL);
+ if (func == rl_vi_editing_mode)
+ rl_unbind_key_in_map (CTRL('J'), emacs_meta_keymap);
+ kseq[0] = CTRL('M');
+ func = rl_function_of_keyseq (kseq, emacs_meta_keymap, (int *)NULL);
+ if (func == rl_vi_editing_mode)
+ rl_unbind_key_in_map (CTRL('M'), emacs_meta_keymap);
+#if defined (VI_MODE)
+ rl_unbind_key_in_map (CTRL('E'), vi_movement_keymap);
+#endif
+
+#if defined (BRACE_COMPLETION)
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('{', bash_brace_completion, emacs_meta_keymap); /*}*/
+#endif /* BRACE_COMPLETION */
+
+#if defined (SPECIFIC_COMPLETION_FUNCTIONS)
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('/', bash_complete_filename, emacs_meta_keymap);
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('/', bash_possible_filename_completions, emacs_ctlx_keymap);
+
+ /* Have to jump through hoops here because there is a default binding for
+ M-~ (rl_tilde_expand) */
+ kseq[0] = '~';
+ kseq[1] = '\0';
+ func = rl_function_of_keyseq (kseq, emacs_meta_keymap, (int *)NULL);
+ if (func == 0 || func == rl_tilde_expand)
+ rl_bind_keyseq_in_map (kseq, bash_complete_username, emacs_meta_keymap);
+
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('~', bash_possible_username_completions, emacs_ctlx_keymap);
+
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('@', bash_complete_hostname, emacs_meta_keymap);
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('@', bash_possible_hostname_completions, emacs_ctlx_keymap);
+
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('$', bash_complete_variable, emacs_meta_keymap);
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('$', bash_possible_variable_completions, emacs_ctlx_keymap);
+
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('!', bash_complete_command, emacs_meta_keymap);
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('!', bash_possible_command_completions, emacs_ctlx_keymap);
+
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('g', bash_glob_complete_word, emacs_meta_keymap);
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('*', bash_glob_expand_word, emacs_ctlx_keymap);
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('g', bash_glob_list_expansions, emacs_ctlx_keymap);
+
+#endif /* SPECIFIC_COMPLETION_FUNCTIONS */
+
+ kseq[0] = TAB;
+ kseq[1] = '\0';
+ func = rl_function_of_keyseq (kseq, emacs_meta_keymap, (int *)NULL);
+ if (func == 0 || func == rl_tab_insert)
+ rl_bind_key_in_map (TAB, dynamic_complete_history, emacs_meta_keymap);
+
+ /* Tell the completer that we want a crack first. */
+ rl_attempted_completion_function = attempt_shell_completion;
+
+ /* Tell the completer that we might want to follow symbolic links or
+ do other expansion on directory names. */
+ rl_directory_completion_hook = bash_directory_completion_hook;
+
+ /* Tell the filename completer we want a chance to ignore some names. */
+ rl_ignore_some_completions_function = filename_completion_ignore;
+
+ /* Bind C-xC-e to invoke emacs and run result as commands. */
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map (CTRL ('E'), emacs_edit_and_execute_command, emacs_ctlx_keymap);
+#if defined (VI_MODE)
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('v', vi_edit_and_execute_command, vi_movement_keymap);
+# if defined (ALIAS)
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map ('@', posix_edit_macros, vi_movement_keymap);
+# endif
+
+ rl_bind_key_in_map ('\\', bash_vi_complete, vi_movement_keymap);
+ rl_bind_key_in_map ('*', bash_vi_complete, vi_movement_keymap);
+ rl_bind_key_in_map ('=', bash_vi_complete, vi_movement_keymap);
+#endif
+
+ rl_completer_quote_characters = "'\"";
+
+ /* This sets rl_completer_word_break_characters and rl_special_prefixes
+ to the appropriate values, depending on whether or not hostname
+ completion is enabled. */
+ enable_hostname_completion (perform_hostname_completion);
+
+ /* characters that need to be quoted when appearing in filenames. */
+ rl_filename_quote_characters = " \t\n\\\"'@<>=;|&()#$`?*[!:{"; /*}*/
+ rl_filename_quoting_function = bash_quote_filename;
+ rl_filename_dequoting_function = bash_dequote_filename;
+ rl_char_is_quoted_p = char_is_quoted;
+
+#if 0
+ /* This is superfluous and makes it impossible to use tab completion in
+ vi mode even when explicitly binding it in ~/.inputrc. sv_strict_posix()
+ should already have called posix_readline_initialize() when
+ posixly_correct was set. */
+ if (posixly_correct)
+ posix_readline_initialize (1);
+#endif
+
+ bash_readline_initialized = 1;
+}
+
+/* On Sun systems at least, rl_attempted_completion_function can end up
+ getting set to NULL, and rl_completion_entry_function set to do command
+ word completion if Bash is interrupted while trying to complete a command
+ word. This just resets all the completion functions to the right thing.
+ It's called from throw_to_top_level(). */
+void
+bashline_reinitialize ()
+{
+ tilde_initialize ();
+ rl_attempted_completion_function = attempt_shell_completion;
+ rl_completion_entry_function = NULL;
+ rl_directory_completion_hook = bash_directory_completion_hook;
+ rl_ignore_some_completions_function = filename_completion_ignore;
+}
+
+/* Contains the line to push into readline. */
+static char *push_to_readline = (char *)NULL;
+
+/* Push the contents of push_to_readline into the
+ readline buffer. */
+static int
+bash_push_line ()
+{
+ if (push_to_readline)
+ {
+ rl_insert_text (push_to_readline);
+ free (push_to_readline);
+ push_to_readline = (char *)NULL;
+ rl_startup_hook = old_rl_startup_hook;
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/* Call this to set the initial text for the next line to read
+ from readline. */
+int
+bash_re_edit (line)
+ char *line;
+{
+ FREE (push_to_readline);
+
+ push_to_readline = savestring (line);
+ old_rl_startup_hook = rl_startup_hook;
+ rl_startup_hook = bash_push_line;
+
+ return (0);
+}
+
+static int
+display_shell_version (count, c)
+ int count, c;
+{
+ rl_crlf ();
+ show_shell_version (0);
+ putc ('\r', rl_outstream);
+ fflush (rl_outstream);
+ rl_on_new_line ();
+ rl_redisplay ();
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/* **************************************************************** */
+/* */
+/* Readline Stuff */
+/* */
+/* **************************************************************** */
+
+/* If the user requests hostname completion, then simply build a list
+ of hosts, and complete from that forever more, or at least until
+ HOSTFILE is unset. */
+
+/* THIS SHOULD BE A STRINGLIST. */
+/* The kept list of hostnames. */
+static char **hostname_list = (char **)NULL;
+
+/* The physical size of the above list. */
+static int hostname_list_size;
+
+/* The number of hostnames in the above list. */
+static int hostname_list_length;
+
+/* Whether or not HOSTNAME_LIST has been initialized. */
+int hostname_list_initialized = 0;
+
+/* Initialize the hostname completion table. */
+static void
+initialize_hostname_list ()
+{
+ char *temp;
+
+ temp = get_string_value ("HOSTFILE");
+ if (temp == 0)
+ temp = get_string_value ("hostname_completion_file");
+ if (temp == 0)
+ temp = DEFAULT_HOSTS_FILE;
+
+ snarf_hosts_from_file (temp);
+
+ if (hostname_list)
+ hostname_list_initialized++;
+}
+
+/* Add NAME to the list of hosts. */
+static void
+add_host_name (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ if (hostname_list_length + 2 > hostname_list_size)
+ {
+ hostname_list_size = (hostname_list_size + 32) - (hostname_list_size % 32);
+ hostname_list = strvec_resize (hostname_list, hostname_list_size);
+ }
+
+ hostname_list[hostname_list_length++] = savestring (name);
+ hostname_list[hostname_list_length] = (char *)NULL;
+}
+
+#define cr_whitespace(c) ((c) == '\r' || (c) == '\n' || whitespace(c))
+
+static void
+snarf_hosts_from_file (filename)
+ char *filename;
+{
+ FILE *file;
+ char *temp, buffer[256], name[256];
+ register int i, start;
+
+ file = fopen (filename, "r");
+ if (file == 0)
+ return;
+
+ while (temp = fgets (buffer, 255, file))
+ {
+ /* Skip to first character. */
+ for (i = 0; buffer[i] && cr_whitespace (buffer[i]); i++)
+ ;
+
+ /* If comment or blank line, ignore. */
+ if (buffer[i] == '\0' || buffer[i] == '#')
+ continue;
+
+ /* If `preprocessor' directive, do the include. */
+ if (strncmp (buffer + i, "$include ", 9) == 0)
+ {
+ char *incfile, *t;
+
+ /* Find start of filename. */
+ for (incfile = buffer + i + 9; *incfile && whitespace (*incfile); incfile++)
+ ;
+
+ /* Find end of filename. */
+ for (t = incfile; *t && cr_whitespace (*t) == 0; t++)
+ ;
+
+ *t = '\0';
+
+ snarf_hosts_from_file (incfile);
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ /* Skip internet address if present. */
+ if (DIGIT (buffer[i]))
+ for (; buffer[i] && cr_whitespace (buffer[i]) == 0; i++);
+
+ /* Gobble up names. Each name is separated with whitespace. */
+ while (buffer[i])
+ {
+ for (; cr_whitespace (buffer[i]); i++)
+ ;
+ if (buffer[i] == '\0' || buffer[i] == '#')
+ break;
+
+ /* Isolate the current word. */
+ for (start = i; buffer[i] && cr_whitespace (buffer[i]) == 0; i++)
+ ;
+ if (i == start)
+ continue;
+ strncpy (name, buffer + start, i - start);
+ name[i - start] = '\0';
+ add_host_name (name);
+ }
+ }
+ fclose (file);
+}
+
+/* Return the hostname list. */
+char **
+get_hostname_list ()
+{
+ if (hostname_list_initialized == 0)
+ initialize_hostname_list ();
+ return (hostname_list);
+}
+
+void
+clear_hostname_list ()
+{
+ register int i;
+
+ if (hostname_list_initialized == 0)
+ return;
+ for (i = 0; i < hostname_list_length; i++)
+ free (hostname_list[i]);
+ hostname_list_length = 0;
+}
+
+/* Return a NULL terminated list of hostnames which begin with TEXT.
+ Initialize the hostname list the first time if neccessary.
+ The array is malloc ()'ed, but not the individual strings. */
+static char **
+hostnames_matching (text)
+ char *text;
+{
+ register int i, len, nmatch, rsize;
+ char **result;
+
+ if (hostname_list_initialized == 0)
+ initialize_hostname_list ();
+
+ if (hostname_list_initialized == 0)
+ return ((char **)NULL);
+
+ /* Special case. If TEXT consists of nothing, then the whole list is
+ what is desired. */
+ if (*text == '\0')
+ {
+ result = strvec_create (1 + hostname_list_length);
+ for (i = 0; i < hostname_list_length; i++)
+ result[i] = hostname_list[i];
+ result[i] = (char *)NULL;
+ return (result);
+ }
+
+ /* Scan until found, or failure. */
+ len = strlen (text);
+ result = (char **)NULL;
+ for (i = nmatch = rsize = 0; i < hostname_list_length; i++)
+ {
+ if (STREQN (text, hostname_list[i], len) == 0)
+ continue;
+
+ /* OK, it matches. Add it to the list. */
+ if (nmatch >= (rsize - 1))
+ {
+ rsize = (rsize + 16) - (rsize % 16);
+ result = strvec_resize (result, rsize);
+ }
+
+ result[nmatch++] = hostname_list[i];
+ }
+ if (nmatch)
+ result[nmatch] = (char *)NULL;
+ return (result);
+}
+
+/* The equivalent of the Korn shell C-o operate-and-get-next-history-line
+ editing command. */
+static int saved_history_line_to_use = -1;
+
+static int
+set_saved_history ()
+{
+ if (saved_history_line_to_use >= 0)
+ rl_get_previous_history (history_length - saved_history_line_to_use, 0);
+ saved_history_line_to_use = -1;
+ rl_startup_hook = old_rl_startup_hook;
+ return (0);
+}
+
+static int
+operate_and_get_next (count, c)
+ int count, c;
+{
+ int where;
+
+ /* Accept the current line. */
+ rl_newline (1, c);
+
+ /* Find the current line, and find the next line to use. */
+ where = where_history ();
+
+ if ((history_is_stifled () && (history_length >= history_max_entries)) ||
+ (where >= history_length - 1))
+ saved_history_line_to_use = where;
+ else
+ saved_history_line_to_use = where + 1;
+
+ old_rl_startup_hook = rl_startup_hook;
+ rl_startup_hook = set_saved_history;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/* This vi mode command causes VI_EDIT_COMMAND to be run on the current
+ command being entered (if no explicit argument is given), otherwise on
+ a command from the history file. */
+
+#define VI_EDIT_COMMAND "fc -e \"${VISUAL:-${EDITOR:-vi}}\""
+#define EMACS_EDIT_COMMAND "fc -e \"${VISUAL:-${EDITOR:-emacs}}\""
+#define POSIX_VI_EDIT_COMMAND "fc -e vi"
+
+static int
+edit_and_execute_command (count, c, editing_mode, edit_command)
+ int count, c, editing_mode;
+ char *edit_command;
+{
+ char *command;
+ int r, cclc, rrs;
+
+ rrs = rl_readline_state;
+ cclc = current_command_line_count;
+
+ /* Accept the current line. */
+ rl_newline (1, c);
+
+ if (rl_explicit_arg)
+ {
+ command = (char *)xmalloc (strlen (edit_command) + 8);
+ sprintf (command, "%s %d", edit_command, count);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ /* Take the command we were just editing, add it to the history file,
+ then call fc to operate on it. We have to add a dummy command to
+ the end of the history because fc ignores the last command (assumes
+ it's supposed to deal with the command before the `fc'). */
+ using_history ();
+ bash_add_history (rl_line_buffer);
+ bash_add_history ("");
+ history_lines_this_session++;
+ using_history ();
+ command = savestring (edit_command);
+ }
+
+ /* Now, POSIX.1-2001 and SUSv3 say that the commands executed from the
+ temporary file should be placed into the history. We don't do that
+ yet. */
+ r = parse_and_execute (command, (editing_mode == VI_EDITING_MODE) ? "v" : "C-xC-e", SEVAL_NOHIST);
+
+ current_command_line_count = cclc;
+
+ /* Now erase the contents of the current line and undo the effects of the
+ rl_accept_line() above. We don't even want to make the text we just
+ executed available for undoing. */
+ rl_line_buffer[0] = '\0'; /* XXX */
+ rl_point = rl_end = 0;
+ rl_done = 0;
+ rl_readline_state = rrs;
+
+ rl_forced_update_display ();
+
+ return r;
+}
+
+#if defined (VI_MODE)
+static int
+vi_edit_and_execute_command (count, c)
+ int count, c;
+{
+ if (posixly_correct)
+ return (edit_and_execute_command (count, c, VI_EDITING_MODE, POSIX_VI_EDIT_COMMAND));
+ else
+ return (edit_and_execute_command (count, c, VI_EDITING_MODE, VI_EDIT_COMMAND));
+}
+#endif /* VI_MODE */
+
+static int
+emacs_edit_and_execute_command (count, c)
+ int count, c;
+{
+ return (edit_and_execute_command (count, c, EMACS_EDITING_MODE, EMACS_EDIT_COMMAND));
+}
+
+#if defined (ALIAS)
+static int
+posix_edit_macros (count, key)
+ int count, key;
+{
+ int c;
+ char alias_name[3], *alias_value, *macro;
+
+ c = rl_read_key ();
+ alias_name[0] = '_';
+ alias_name[1] = c;
+ alias_name[2] = '\0';
+
+ alias_value = get_alias_value (alias_name);
+ if (alias_value && *alias_value)
+ {
+ macro = savestring (alias_value);
+ rl_push_macro_input (macro);
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+/* **************************************************************** */
+/* */
+/* How To Do Shell Completion */
+/* */
+/* **************************************************************** */
+
+#define COMMAND_SEPARATORS ";|&{(`"
+/* )} */
+
+static int
+check_redir (ti)
+ int ti;
+{
+ register int this_char, prev_char;
+
+ /* Handle the two character tokens `>&', `<&', and `>|'.
+ We are not in a command position after one of these. */
+ this_char = rl_line_buffer[ti];
+ prev_char = rl_line_buffer[ti - 1];
+
+ if ((this_char == '&' && (prev_char == '<' || prev_char == '>')) ||
+ (this_char == '|' && prev_char == '>'))
+ return (1);
+ else if ((this_char == '{' && prev_char == '$') || /* } */
+ (char_is_quoted (rl_line_buffer, ti)))
+ return (1);
+ return (0);
+}
+
+#if defined (PROGRAMMABLE_COMPLETION)
+/*
+ * XXX - because of the <= start test, and setting os = s+1, this can
+ * potentially return os > start. This is probably not what we want to
+ * happen, but fix later after 2.05a-release.
+ */
+static int
+find_cmd_start (start)
+ int start;
+{
+ register int s, os;
+
+ os = 0;
+ while (((s = skip_to_delim (rl_line_buffer, os, COMMAND_SEPARATORS, SD_NOJMP)) <= start) &&
+ rl_line_buffer[s])
+ os = s+1;
+ return os;
+}
+
+static int
+find_cmd_end (end)
+ int end;
+{
+ register int e;
+
+ e = skip_to_delim (rl_line_buffer, end, COMMAND_SEPARATORS, SD_NOJMP);
+ return e;
+}
+
+static char *
+find_cmd_name (start)
+ int start;
+{
+ char *name;
+ register int s, e;
+
+ for (s = start; whitespace (rl_line_buffer[s]); s++)
+ ;
+
+ /* skip until a shell break character */
+ e = skip_to_delim (rl_line_buffer, s, "()<>;&| \t\n", SD_NOJMP);
+
+ name = substring (rl_line_buffer, s, e);
+
+ return (name);
+}
+
+static char *
+prog_complete_return (text, matchnum)
+ const char *text;
+ int matchnum;
+{
+ static int ind;
+
+ if (matchnum == 0)
+ ind = 0;
+
+ if (prog_complete_matches == 0 || prog_complete_matches[ind] == 0)
+ return (char *)NULL;
+ return (prog_complete_matches[ind++]);
+}
+
+#endif /* PROGRAMMABLE_COMPLETION */
+
+/* Do some completion on TEXT. The indices of TEXT in RL_LINE_BUFFER are
+ at START and END. Return an array of matches, or NULL if none. */
+static char **
+attempt_shell_completion (text, start, end)
+ const char *text;
+ int start, end;
+{
+ int in_command_position, ti, saveti, qc, dflags;
+ char **matches, *command_separator_chars;
+
+ command_separator_chars = COMMAND_SEPARATORS;
+ matches = (char **)NULL;
+ rl_ignore_some_completions_function = filename_completion_ignore;
+
+ /* Determine if this could be a command word. It is if it appears at
+ the start of the line (ignoring preceding whitespace), or if it
+ appears after a character that separates commands. It cannot be a
+ command word if we aren't at the top-level prompt. */
+ ti = start - 1;
+ saveti = qc = -1;
+
+ while ((ti > -1) && (whitespace (rl_line_buffer[ti])))
+ ti--;
+
+#if 1
+ /* If this is an open quote, maybe we're trying to complete a quoted
+ command name. */
+ if (ti >= 0 && (rl_line_buffer[ti] == '"' || rl_line_buffer[ti] == '\''))
+ {
+ qc = rl_line_buffer[ti];
+ saveti = ti--;
+ while (ti > -1 && (whitespace (rl_line_buffer[ti])))
+ ti--;
+ }
+#endif
+
+ in_command_position = 0;
+ if (ti < 0)
+ {
+ /* Only do command completion at the start of a line when we
+ are prompting at the top level. */
+ if (current_prompt_string == ps1_prompt)
+ in_command_position++;
+ }
+ else if (member (rl_line_buffer[ti], command_separator_chars))
+ {
+ in_command_position++;
+
+ if (check_redir (ti) == 1)
+ in_command_position = 0;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ /* This still could be in command position. It is possible
+ that all of the previous words on the line are variable
+ assignments. */
+ }
+
+ /* Check that we haven't incorrectly flagged a closed command substitution
+ as indicating we're in a command position. */
+ if (in_command_position && ti >= 0 && rl_line_buffer[ti] == '`' &&
+ *text != '`' && unclosed_pair (rl_line_buffer, end, "`") == 0)
+ in_command_position = 0;
+
+ /* Special handling for command substitution. If *TEXT is a backquote,
+ it can be the start or end of an old-style command substitution, or
+ unmatched. If it's unmatched, both calls to unclosed_pair will
+ succeed. */
+ if (*text == '`' &&
+ (in_command_position || (unclosed_pair (rl_line_buffer, start, "`") &&
+ unclosed_pair (rl_line_buffer, end, "`"))))
+ matches = rl_completion_matches (text, command_subst_completion_function);
+
+#if defined (PROGRAMMABLE_COMPLETION)
+ /* Attempt programmable completion. */
+ if (matches == 0 && (in_command_position == 0 || text[0] == '\0') &&
+ prog_completion_enabled && (progcomp_size () > 0) &&
+ current_prompt_string == ps1_prompt)
+ {
+ int s, e, foundcs;
+ char *n;
+
+ /* XXX - don't free the members */
+ if (prog_complete_matches)
+ free (prog_complete_matches);
+ prog_complete_matches = (char **)NULL;
+
+ s = find_cmd_start (start);
+ e = find_cmd_end (end);
+ n = find_cmd_name (s);
+ if (e == 0 && e == s && text[0] == '\0')
+ prog_complete_matches = programmable_completions ("_EmptycmD_", text, s, e, &foundcs);
+ else if (e > s && assignment (n, 0) == 0)
+ prog_complete_matches = programmable_completions (n, text, s, e, &foundcs);
+ else
+ foundcs = 0;
+ FREE (n);
+ /* XXX - if we found a COMPSPEC for the command, just return whatever
+ the programmable completion code returns, and disable the default
+ filename completion that readline will do unless the COPT_DEFAULT
+ option has been set with the `-o default' option to complete or
+ compopt. */
+ if (foundcs)
+ {
+ pcomp_set_readline_variables (foundcs, 1);
+ /* Turn what the programmable completion code returns into what
+ readline wants. I should have made compute_lcd_of_matches
+ external... */
+ matches = rl_completion_matches (text, prog_complete_return);
+ if ((foundcs & COPT_DEFAULT) == 0)
+ rl_attempted_completion_over = 1; /* no default */
+ if (matches || ((foundcs & COPT_BASHDEFAULT) == 0))
+ return (matches);
+ }
+ }
+#endif
+
+ if (matches == 0)
+ {
+ dflags = 0;
+ if (in_command_position)
+ dflags |= DEFCOMP_CMDPOS;
+ matches = bash_default_completion (text, start, end, qc, dflags);
+ }
+
+ return matches;
+}
+
+char **
+bash_default_completion (text, start, end, qc, compflags)
+ const char *text;
+ int start, end, qc, compflags;
+{
+ char **matches;
+
+ matches = (char **)NULL;
+
+ /* New posix-style command substitution or variable name? */
+ if (!matches && *text == '$')
+ {
+ if (qc != '\'' && text[1] == '(') /* ) */
+ matches = rl_completion_matches (text, command_subst_completion_function);
+ else
+ matches = rl_completion_matches (text, variable_completion_function);
+ }
+
+ /* If the word starts in `~', and there is no slash in the word, then
+ try completing this word as a username. */
+ if (!matches && *text == '~' && !xstrchr (text, '/'))
+ matches = rl_completion_matches (text, rl_username_completion_function);
+
+ /* Another one. Why not? If the word starts in '@', then look through
+ the world of known hostnames for completion first. */
+ if (!matches && perform_hostname_completion && *text == '@')
+ matches = rl_completion_matches (text, hostname_completion_function);
+
+ /* And last, (but not least) if this word is in a command position, then
+ complete over possible command names, including aliases, functions,
+ and command names. */
+ if (matches == 0 && (compflags & DEFCOMP_CMDPOS))
+ {
+ /* If END == START and text[0] == 0, we are trying to complete an empty
+ command word. */
+ if (no_empty_command_completion && end == start && text[0] == '\0')
+ {
+ matches = (char **)NULL;
+ rl_ignore_some_completions_function = bash_ignore_everything;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+#define CMD_IS_DIR(x) (absolute_pathname(x) == 0 && absolute_program(x) == 0 && *(x) != '~' && test_for_directory (x))
+
+ dot_in_path = 0;
+ matches = rl_completion_matches (text, command_word_completion_function);
+
+ /* If we are attempting command completion and nothing matches, we
+ do not want readline to perform filename completion for us. We
+ still want to be able to complete partial pathnames, so set the
+ completion ignore function to something which will remove
+ filenames and leave directories in the match list. */
+ if (matches == (char **)NULL)
+ rl_ignore_some_completions_function = bash_ignore_filenames;
+ else if (matches[1] == 0 && CMD_IS_DIR(matches[0]) && dot_in_path == 0)
+ /* If we found a single match, without looking in the current
+ directory (because it's not in $PATH), but the found name is
+ also a command in the current directory, suppress appending any
+ terminating character, since it's ambiguous. */
+ {
+ rl_completion_suppress_append = 1;
+ rl_filename_completion_desired = 0;
+ }
+ else if (matches[0] && matches[1] && STREQ (matches[0], matches[1]) && CMD_IS_DIR (matches[0]))
+ /* There are multiple instances of the same match (duplicate
+ completions haven't yet been removed). In this case, all of
+ the matches will be the same, and the duplicate removal code
+ will distill them all down to one. We turn on
+ rl_completion_suppress_append for the same reason as above.
+ Remember: we only care if there's eventually a single unique
+ completion. If there are multiple completions this won't
+ make a difference and the problem won't occur. */
+ {
+ rl_completion_suppress_append = 1;
+ rl_filename_completion_desired = 0;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* This could be a globbing pattern, so try to expand it using pathname
+ expansion. */
+ if (!matches && glob_pattern_p (text))
+ {
+ matches = rl_completion_matches (text, glob_complete_word);
+ /* A glob expression that matches more than one filename is problematic.
+ If we match more than one filename, punt. */
+ if (matches && matches[1] && rl_completion_type == TAB)
+ {
+ strvec_dispose (matches);
+ matches = (char **)0;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return (matches);
+}
+
+/* This is the function to call when the word to complete is in a position
+ where a command word can be found. It grovels $PATH, looking for commands
+ that match. It also scans aliases, function names, and the shell_builtin
+ table. */
+char *
+command_word_completion_function (hint_text, state)
+ const char *hint_text;
+ int state;
+{
+ static char *hint = (char *)NULL;
+ static char *path = (char *)NULL;
+ static char *val = (char *)NULL;
+ static char *filename_hint = (char *)NULL;
+ static char *dequoted_hint = (char *)NULL;
+ static char *directory_part = (char *)NULL;
+ static char **glob_matches = (char **)NULL;
+ static int path_index, hint_len, dequoted_len, istate, igncase;
+ static int mapping_over, local_index, searching_path, hint_is_dir;
+ static int old_glob_ignore_case, globpat;
+ static SHELL_VAR **varlist = (SHELL_VAR **)NULL;
+#if defined (ALIAS)
+ static alias_t **alias_list = (alias_t **)NULL;
+#endif /* ALIAS */
+ char *temp;
+
+ /* We have to map over the possibilities for command words. If we have
+ no state, then make one just for that purpose. */
+ if (state == 0)
+ {
+ if (dequoted_hint && dequoted_hint != hint)
+ free (dequoted_hint);
+ if (hint)
+ free (hint);
+
+ mapping_over = searching_path = 0;
+ hint_is_dir = CMD_IS_DIR (hint_text);
+ val = (char *)NULL;
+
+ temp = rl_variable_value ("completion-ignore-case");
+ igncase = strcmp (temp, "on") == 0;
+
+ if (glob_matches)
+ {
+ free (glob_matches);
+ glob_matches = (char **)NULL;
+ }
+
+ globpat = glob_pattern_p (hint_text);
+
+ /* If this is an absolute program name, do not check it against
+ aliases, reserved words, functions or builtins. We must check
+ whether or not it is unique, and, if so, whether that filename
+ is executable. */
+ if (globpat || absolute_program (hint_text))
+ {
+ /* Perform tilde expansion on what's passed, so we don't end up
+ passing filenames with tildes directly to stat(). */
+ if (*hint_text == '~')
+ {
+ hint = bash_tilde_expand (hint_text, 0);
+ directory_part = savestring (hint_text);
+ temp = strchr (directory_part, '/');
+ if (temp)
+ *temp = 0;
+ else
+ {
+ free (directory_part);
+ directory_part = (char *)NULL;
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ hint = savestring (hint_text);
+
+ dequoted_hint = hint;
+ /* If readline's completer found a quote character somewhere, but
+ didn't set the quote character, there must have been a quote
+ character embedded in the filename. It can't be at the start of
+ the filename, so we need to dequote the filename before we look
+ in the file system for it. */
+ if (rl_completion_found_quote && rl_completion_quote_character == 0)
+ {
+ dequoted_hint = bash_dequote_filename (hint, 0);
+ free (hint);
+ hint = dequoted_hint;
+ }
+ dequoted_len = hint_len = strlen (hint);
+
+ if (filename_hint)
+ free (filename_hint);
+
+ filename_hint = savestring (hint);
+
+ istate = 0;
+
+ if (globpat)
+ {
+ mapping_over = 5;
+ goto globword;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ mapping_over = 4;
+ goto inner;
+ }
+ }
+
+ dequoted_hint = hint = savestring (hint_text);
+ dequoted_len = hint_len = strlen (hint);
+
+ if (rl_completion_found_quote && rl_completion_quote_character == 0)
+ {
+ dequoted_hint = bash_dequote_filename (hint, 0);
+ dequoted_len = strlen (dequoted_hint);
+ }
+
+ path = get_string_value ("PATH");
+ path_index = dot_in_path = 0;
+
+ /* Initialize the variables for each type of command word. */
+ local_index = 0;
+
+ if (varlist)
+ free (varlist);
+
+ varlist = all_visible_functions ();
+
+#if defined (ALIAS)
+ if (alias_list)
+ free (alias_list);
+
+ alias_list = all_aliases ();
+#endif /* ALIAS */
+ }
+
+ /* mapping_over says what we are currently hacking. Note that every case
+ in this list must fall through when there are no more possibilities. */
+
+ switch (mapping_over)
+ {
+ case 0: /* Aliases come first. */
+#if defined (ALIAS)
+ while (alias_list && alias_list[local_index])
+ {
+ register char *alias;
+
+ alias = alias_list[local_index++]->name;
+
+ if (STREQN (alias, hint, hint_len))
+ return (savestring (alias));
+ }
+#endif /* ALIAS */
+ local_index = 0;
+ mapping_over++;
+
+ case 1: /* Then shell reserved words. */
+ {
+ while (word_token_alist[local_index].word)
+ {
+ register char *reserved_word;
+
+ reserved_word = word_token_alist[local_index++].word;
+
+ if (STREQN (reserved_word, hint, hint_len))
+ return (savestring (reserved_word));
+ }
+ local_index = 0;
+ mapping_over++;
+ }
+
+ case 2: /* Then function names. */
+ while (varlist && varlist[local_index])
+ {
+ register char *varname;
+
+ varname = varlist[local_index++]->name;
+
+ if (STREQN (varname, hint, hint_len))
+ return (savestring (varname));
+ }
+ local_index = 0;
+ mapping_over++;
+
+ case 3: /* Then shell builtins. */
+ for (; local_index < num_shell_builtins; local_index++)
+ {
+ /* Ignore it if it doesn't have a function pointer or if it
+ is not currently enabled. */
+ if (!shell_builtins[local_index].function ||
+ (shell_builtins[local_index].flags & BUILTIN_ENABLED) == 0)
+ continue;
+
+ if (STREQN (shell_builtins[local_index].name, hint, hint_len))
+ {
+ int i = local_index++;
+
+ return (savestring (shell_builtins[i].name));
+ }
+ }
+ local_index = 0;
+ mapping_over++;
+ }
+
+globword:
+ /* Limited support for completing command words with globbing chars. Only
+ a single match (multiple matches that end up reducing the number of
+ characters in the common prefix are bad) will ever be returned on
+ regular completion. */
+ if (glob_pattern_p (hint))
+ {
+ if (state == 0)
+ {
+ glob_ignore_case = igncase;
+ glob_matches = shell_glob_filename (hint);
+ glob_ignore_case = old_glob_ignore_case;
+
+ if (GLOB_FAILED (glob_matches))
+ {
+ glob_matches = (char **)NULL;
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ }
+
+ if (glob_matches && glob_matches[1] && rl_completion_type == TAB) /* multiple matches are bad */
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+
+ local_index = 0;
+ }
+
+ while (val = glob_matches[local_index++])
+ {
+ if (executable_or_directory (val))
+ return (val);
+ free (val);
+ }
+
+ glob_ignore_case = old_glob_ignore_case;
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ }
+
+ /* If the text passed is a directory in the current directory, return it
+ as a possible match. Executables in directories in the current
+ directory can be specified using relative pathnames and successfully
+ executed even when `.' is not in $PATH. */
+ if (hint_is_dir)
+ {
+ hint_is_dir = 0; /* only return the hint text once */
+ return (savestring (hint_text));
+ }
+
+ /* Repeatedly call filename_completion_function while we have
+ members of PATH left. Question: should we stat each file?
+ Answer: we call executable_file () on each file. */
+ outer:
+
+ istate = (val != (char *)NULL);
+
+ if (istate == 0)
+ {
+ char *current_path;
+
+ /* Get the next directory from the path. If there is none, then we
+ are all done. */
+ if (!path || !path[path_index] ||
+ (current_path = extract_colon_unit (path, &path_index)) == 0)
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+
+ searching_path = 1;
+ if (*current_path == 0)
+ {
+ free (current_path);
+ current_path = savestring (".");
+ }
+
+ if (*current_path == '~')
+ {
+ char *t;
+
+ t = bash_tilde_expand (current_path, 0);
+ free (current_path);
+ current_path = t;
+ }
+
+ if (current_path[0] == '.' && current_path[1] == '\0')
+ dot_in_path = 1;
+
+ if (filename_hint)
+ free (filename_hint);
+
+ filename_hint = sh_makepath (current_path, hint, 0);
+ }
+
+ inner:
+ val = rl_filename_completion_function (filename_hint, istate);
+ istate = 1;
+
+ if (val == 0)
+ {
+ /* If the hint text is an absolute program, then don't bother
+ searching through PATH. */
+ if (absolute_program (hint))
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+
+ goto outer;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ int match, freetemp;
+
+ if (absolute_program (hint))
+ {
+ if (igncase == 0)
+ match = strncmp (val, hint, hint_len) == 0;
+ else
+ match = strncasecmp (val, hint, hint_len) == 0;
+
+ /* If we performed tilde expansion, restore the original
+ filename. */
+ if (*hint_text == '~')
+ {
+ int l, vl, dl2, xl;
+ char *dh2, *expdir;
+
+ vl = strlen (val);
+
+#if 0
+ /* XXX -- don't need this or RD or DL */
+ rd = savestring (filename_hint);
+ bash_directory_expansion (&rd);
+ dl = strlen (rd);
+ free (rd);
+#endif
+
+ dh2 = directory_part ? bash_dequote_filename (directory_part, 0) : 0;
+ bash_directory_expansion (&dh2);
+ dl2 = strlen (dh2);
+
+ expdir = bash_tilde_expand (directory_part, 0);
+ xl = strlen (expdir);
+ free (expdir);
+
+ /*
+ dh2 = unexpanded but dequoted tilde-prefix
+ dl2 = length of tilde-prefix
+ expdir = tilde-expanded tilde-prefix
+ xl = length of expanded tilde-prefix
+ l = length of remainder after tilde-prefix
+ */
+ l = (vl - xl) + 1;
+
+ temp = (char *)xmalloc (dl2 + 2 + l);
+ strcpy (temp, dh2);
+ strcpy (temp + dl2, val + xl);
+
+ free (dh2);
+ }
+ else
+ temp = savestring (val);
+ freetemp = 1;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ temp = strrchr (val, '/');
+
+ if (temp)
+ {
+ temp++;
+ if (igncase == 0)
+ freetemp = match = strncmp (temp, hint, hint_len) == 0;
+ else
+ freetemp = match = strncasecmp (temp, hint, hint_len) == 0;
+ if (match)
+ temp = savestring (temp);
+ }
+ else
+ freetemp = match = 0;
+ }
+
+#if 0
+ /* If we have found a match, and it is an executable file or a
+ directory name, return it. */
+ if (match && executable_or_directory (val))
+#else
+ /* If we have found a match, and it is an executable file, return it.
+ We don't return directory names when searching $PATH, since the
+ bash execution code won't find executables in directories which
+ appear in directories in $PATH when they're specified using
+ relative pathnames. */
+ if (match && (searching_path ? executable_file (val) : executable_or_directory (val)))
+#endif
+ {
+ free (val);
+ val = ""; /* So it won't be NULL. */
+ return (temp);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ if (freetemp)
+ free (temp);
+ free (val);
+ goto inner;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+/* Completion inside an unterminated command substitution. */
+static char *
+command_subst_completion_function (text, state)
+ const char *text;
+ int state;
+{
+ static char **matches = (char **)NULL;
+ static const char *orig_start;
+ static char *filename_text = (char *)NULL;
+ static int cmd_index, start_len;
+ char *value;
+
+ if (state == 0)
+ {
+ if (filename_text)
+ free (filename_text);
+ orig_start = text;
+ if (*text == '`')
+ text++;
+ else if (*text == '$' && text[1] == '(') /* ) */
+ text += 2;
+ /* If the text was quoted, suppress any quote character that the
+ readline completion code would insert. */
+ rl_completion_suppress_quote = 1;
+ start_len = text - orig_start;
+ filename_text = savestring (text);
+ if (matches)
+ free (matches);
+
+ /*
+ * At this point we can entertain the idea of re-parsing
+ * `filename_text' into a (possibly incomplete) command name and
+ * arguments, and doing completion based on that. This is
+ * currently very rudimentary, but it is a small improvement.
+ */
+ for (value = filename_text + strlen (filename_text) - 1; value > filename_text; value--)
+ if (whitespace (*value) || member (*value, COMMAND_SEPARATORS))
+ break;
+ if (value <= filename_text)
+ matches = rl_completion_matches (filename_text, command_word_completion_function);
+ else
+ {
+ value++;
+ start_len += value - filename_text;
+ if (whitespace (value[-1]))
+ matches = rl_completion_matches (value, rl_filename_completion_function);
+ else
+ matches = rl_completion_matches (value, command_word_completion_function);
+ }
+
+ /* If there is more than one match, rl_completion_matches has already
+ put the lcd in matches[0]. Skip over it. */
+ cmd_index = matches && matches[0] && matches[1];
+
+ /* If there's a single match and it's a directory, set the append char
+ to the expected `/'. Otherwise, don't append anything. */
+ if (matches && matches[0] && matches[1] == 0 && test_for_directory (matches[0]))
+ rl_completion_append_character = '/';
+ else
+ rl_completion_suppress_append = 1;
+ }
+
+ if (!matches || !matches[cmd_index])
+ {
+ rl_filename_quoting_desired = 0; /* disable quoting */
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ value = (char *)xmalloc (1 + start_len + strlen (matches[cmd_index]));
+
+ if (start_len == 1)
+ value[0] = *orig_start;
+ else
+ strncpy (value, orig_start, start_len);
+
+ strcpy (value + start_len, matches[cmd_index]);
+
+ cmd_index++;
+ return (value);
+ }
+}
+
+/* Okay, now we write the entry_function for variable completion. */
+static char *
+variable_completion_function (text, state)
+ const char *text;
+ int state;
+{
+ static char **varlist = (char **)NULL;
+ static int varlist_index;
+ static char *varname = (char *)NULL;
+ static int namelen;
+ static int first_char, first_char_loc;
+
+ if (!state)
+ {
+ if (varname)
+ free (varname);
+
+ first_char_loc = 0;
+ first_char = text[0];
+
+ if (first_char == '$')
+ first_char_loc++;
+
+ if (text[first_char_loc] == '{')
+ first_char_loc++;
+
+ varname = savestring (text + first_char_loc);
+
+ namelen = strlen (varname);
+ if (varlist)
+ strvec_dispose (varlist);
+
+ varlist = all_variables_matching_prefix (varname);
+ varlist_index = 0;
+ }
+
+ if (!varlist || !varlist[varlist_index])
+ {
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ char *value;
+
+ value = (char *)xmalloc (4 + strlen (varlist[varlist_index]));
+
+ if (first_char_loc)
+ {
+ value[0] = first_char;
+ if (first_char_loc == 2)
+ value[1] = '{';
+ }
+
+ strcpy (value + first_char_loc, varlist[varlist_index]);
+ if (first_char_loc == 2)
+ strcat (value, "}");
+
+ varlist_index++;
+ return (value);
+ }
+}
+
+/* How about a completion function for hostnames? */
+static char *
+hostname_completion_function (text, state)
+ const char *text;
+ int state;
+{
+ static char **list = (char **)NULL;
+ static int list_index = 0;
+ static int first_char, first_char_loc;
+
+ /* If we don't have any state, make some. */
+ if (state == 0)
+ {
+ FREE (list);
+
+ list = (char **)NULL;
+
+ first_char_loc = 0;
+ first_char = *text;
+
+ if (first_char == '@')
+ first_char_loc++;
+
+ list = hostnames_matching ((char *)text+first_char_loc);
+ list_index = 0;
+ }
+
+ if (list && list[list_index])
+ {
+ char *t;
+
+ t = (char *)xmalloc (2 + strlen (list[list_index]));
+ *t = first_char;
+ strcpy (t + first_char_loc, list[list_index]);
+ list_index++;
+ return (t);
+ }
+
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+}
+
+/*
+ * A completion function for service names from /etc/services (or wherever).
+ */
+char *
+bash_servicename_completion_function (text, state)
+ const char *text;
+ int state;
+{
+#if defined (__WIN32__) || defined (__OPENNT) || !defined (HAVE_GETSERVENT)
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+#else
+ static char *sname = (char *)NULL;
+ static struct servent *srvent;
+ static int snamelen, firstc;
+ char *value;
+ char **alist, *aentry;
+ int afound;
+
+ if (state == 0)
+ {
+ FREE (sname);
+ firstc = *text;
+
+ sname = savestring (text);
+ snamelen = strlen (sname);
+ setservent (0);
+ }
+
+ while (srvent = getservent ())
+ {
+ afound = 0;
+ if (snamelen == 0 || (STREQN (sname, srvent->s_name, snamelen)))
+ break;
+ /* Not primary, check aliases */
+ for (alist = srvent->s_aliases; *alist; alist++)
+ {
+ aentry = *alist;
+ if (STREQN (sname, aentry, snamelen))
+ {
+ afound = 1;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (afound)
+ break;
+ }
+
+ if (srvent == 0)
+ {
+ endservent ();
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ }
+
+ value = afound ? savestring (aentry) : savestring (srvent->s_name);
+ return value;
+#endif
+}
+
+/*
+ * A completion function for group names from /etc/group (or wherever).
+ */
+char *
+bash_groupname_completion_function (text, state)
+ const char *text;
+ int state;
+{
+#if defined (__WIN32__) || defined (__OPENNT) || !defined (HAVE_GRP_H)
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+#else
+ static char *gname = (char *)NULL;
+ static struct group *grent;
+ static int gnamelen;
+ char *value;
+
+ if (state == 0)
+ {
+ FREE (gname);
+ gname = savestring (text);
+ gnamelen = strlen (gname);
+
+ setgrent ();
+ }
+
+ while (grent = getgrent ())
+ {
+ if (gnamelen == 0 || (STREQN (gname, grent->gr_name, gnamelen)))
+ break;
+ }
+
+ if (grent == 0)
+ {
+ endgrent ();
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ }
+
+ value = savestring (grent->gr_name);
+ return (value);
+#endif
+}
+
+/* Functions to perform history and alias expansions on the current line. */
+
+#if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
+/* Perform history expansion on the current line. If no history expansion
+ is done, pre_process_line() returns what it was passed, so we need to
+ allocate a new line here. */
+static char *
+history_expand_line_internal (line)
+ char *line;
+{
+ char *new_line;
+ int old_verify;
+
+ old_verify = hist_verify;
+ hist_verify = 0;
+ new_line = pre_process_line (line, 0, 0);
+ hist_verify = old_verify;
+
+ return (new_line == line) ? savestring (line) : new_line;
+}
+#endif
+
+/* There was an error in expansion. Let the preprocessor print
+ the error here. */
+static void
+cleanup_expansion_error ()
+{
+ char *to_free;
+#if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
+ int old_verify;
+
+ old_verify = hist_verify;
+ hist_verify = 0;
+#endif
+
+ fprintf (rl_outstream, "\r\n");
+ to_free = pre_process_line (rl_line_buffer, 1, 0);
+#if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
+ hist_verify = old_verify;
+#endif
+ if (to_free != rl_line_buffer)
+ FREE (to_free);
+ putc ('\r', rl_outstream);
+ rl_forced_update_display ();
+}
+
+/* If NEW_LINE differs from what is in the readline line buffer, add an
+ undo record to get from the readline line buffer contents to the new
+ line and make NEW_LINE the current readline line. */
+static void
+maybe_make_readline_line (new_line)
+ char *new_line;
+{
+ if (strcmp (new_line, rl_line_buffer) != 0)
+ {
+ rl_point = rl_end;
+
+ rl_add_undo (UNDO_BEGIN, 0, 0, 0);
+ rl_delete_text (0, rl_point);
+ rl_point = rl_end = rl_mark = 0;
+ rl_insert_text (new_line);
+ rl_add_undo (UNDO_END, 0, 0, 0);
+ }
+}
+
+/* Make NEW_LINE be the current readline line. This frees NEW_LINE. */
+static void
+set_up_new_line (new_line)
+ char *new_line;
+{
+ int old_point, at_end;
+
+ old_point = rl_point;
+ at_end = rl_point == rl_end;
+
+ /* If the line was history and alias expanded, then make that
+ be one thing to undo. */
+ maybe_make_readline_line (new_line);
+ free (new_line);
+
+ /* Place rl_point where we think it should go. */
+ if (at_end)
+ rl_point = rl_end;
+ else if (old_point < rl_end)
+ {
+ rl_point = old_point;
+ if (!whitespace (rl_line_buffer[rl_point]))
+ rl_forward_word (1, 0);
+ }
+}
+
+#if defined (ALIAS)
+/* Expand aliases in the current readline line. */
+static int
+alias_expand_line (count, ignore)
+ int count, ignore;
+{
+ char *new_line;
+
+ new_line = alias_expand (rl_line_buffer);
+
+ if (new_line)
+ {
+ set_up_new_line (new_line);
+ return (0);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ cleanup_expansion_error ();
+ return (1);
+ }
+}
+#endif
+
+#if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
+/* History expand the line. */
+static int
+history_expand_line (count, ignore)
+ int count, ignore;
+{
+ char *new_line;
+
+ new_line = history_expand_line_internal (rl_line_buffer);
+
+ if (new_line)
+ {
+ set_up_new_line (new_line);
+ return (0);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ cleanup_expansion_error ();
+ return (1);
+ }
+}
+
+/* Expand history substitutions in the current line and then insert a
+ space (hopefully close to where we were before). */
+static int
+tcsh_magic_space (count, ignore)
+ int count, ignore;
+{
+ int dist_from_end, old_point;
+
+ old_point = rl_point;
+ dist_from_end = rl_end - rl_point;
+ if (history_expand_line (count, ignore) == 0)
+ {
+ /* Try a simple heuristic from Stephen Gildea <gildea@intouchsys.com>.
+ This works if all expansions were before rl_point or if no expansions
+ were performed. */
+ rl_point = (old_point == 0) ? old_point : rl_end - dist_from_end;
+ rl_insert (1, ' ');
+ return (0);
+ }
+ else
+ return (1);
+}
+#endif /* BANG_HISTORY */
+
+/* History and alias expand the line. */
+static int
+history_and_alias_expand_line (count, ignore)
+ int count, ignore;
+{
+ char *new_line;
+
+ new_line = 0;
+#if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
+ new_line = history_expand_line_internal (rl_line_buffer);
+#endif
+
+#if defined (ALIAS)
+ if (new_line)
+ {
+ char *alias_line;
+
+ alias_line = alias_expand (new_line);
+ free (new_line);
+ new_line = alias_line;
+ }
+#endif /* ALIAS */
+
+ if (new_line)
+ {
+ set_up_new_line (new_line);
+ return (0);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ cleanup_expansion_error ();
+ return (1);
+ }
+}
+
+/* History and alias expand the line, then perform the shell word
+ expansions by calling expand_string. This can't use set_up_new_line()
+ because we want the variable expansions as a separate undo'able
+ set of operations. */
+static int
+shell_expand_line (count, ignore)
+ int count, ignore;
+{
+ char *new_line;
+ WORD_LIST *expanded_string;
+
+ new_line = 0;
+#if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
+ new_line = history_expand_line_internal (rl_line_buffer);
+#endif
+
+#if defined (ALIAS)
+ if (new_line)
+ {
+ char *alias_line;
+
+ alias_line = alias_expand (new_line);
+ free (new_line);
+ new_line = alias_line;
+ }
+#endif /* ALIAS */
+
+ if (new_line)
+ {
+ int old_point = rl_point;
+ int at_end = rl_point == rl_end;
+
+ /* If the line was history and alias expanded, then make that
+ be one thing to undo. */
+ maybe_make_readline_line (new_line);
+ free (new_line);
+
+ /* If there is variable expansion to perform, do that as a separate
+ operation to be undone. */
+ new_line = savestring (rl_line_buffer);
+ expanded_string = expand_string (new_line, 0);
+ FREE (new_line);
+ if (expanded_string == 0)
+ {
+ new_line = (char *)xmalloc (1);
+ new_line[0] = '\0';
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ new_line = string_list (expanded_string);
+ dispose_words (expanded_string);
+ }
+
+ maybe_make_readline_line (new_line);
+ free (new_line);
+
+ /* Place rl_point where we think it should go. */
+ if (at_end)
+ rl_point = rl_end;
+ else if (old_point < rl_end)
+ {
+ rl_point = old_point;
+ if (!whitespace (rl_line_buffer[rl_point]))
+ rl_forward_word (1, 0);
+ }
+ return 0;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ cleanup_expansion_error ();
+ return 1;
+ }
+}
+
+/* If FIGNORE is set, then don't match files with the given suffixes when
+ completing filenames. If only one of the possibilities has an acceptable
+ suffix, delete the others, else just return and let the completer
+ signal an error. It is called by the completer when real
+ completions are done on filenames by the completer's internal
+ function, not for completion lists (M-?) and not on "other"
+ completion types, such as hostnames or commands. */
+
+static struct ignorevar fignore =
+{
+ "FIGNORE",
+ (struct ign *)0,
+ 0,
+ (char *)0,
+ (sh_iv_item_func_t *) 0,
+};
+
+static void
+_ignore_completion_names (names, name_func)
+ char **names;
+ sh_ignore_func_t *name_func;
+{
+ char **newnames;
+ int idx, nidx;
+ char **oldnames;
+ int oidx;
+
+ /* If there is only one completion, see if it is acceptable. If it is
+ not, free it up. In any case, short-circuit and return. This is a
+ special case because names[0] is not the prefix of the list of names
+ if there is only one completion; it is the completion itself. */
+ if (names[1] == (char *)0)
+ {
+ if (force_fignore)
+ if ((*name_func) (names[0]) == 0)
+ {
+ free (names[0]);
+ names[0] = (char *)NULL;
+ }
+
+ return;
+ }
+
+ /* Allocate space for array to hold list of pointers to matching
+ filenames. The pointers are copied back to NAMES when done. */
+ for (nidx = 1; names[nidx]; nidx++)
+ ;
+ newnames = strvec_create (nidx + 1);
+
+ if (force_fignore == 0)
+ {
+ oldnames = strvec_create (nidx - 1);
+ oidx = 0;
+ }
+
+ newnames[0] = names[0];
+ for (idx = nidx = 1; names[idx]; idx++)
+ {
+ if ((*name_func) (names[idx]))
+ newnames[nidx++] = names[idx];
+ else if (force_fignore == 0)
+ oldnames[oidx++] = names[idx];
+ else
+ free (names[idx]);
+ }
+
+ newnames[nidx] = (char *)NULL;
+
+ /* If none are acceptable then let the completer handle it. */
+ if (nidx == 1)
+ {
+ if (force_fignore)
+ {
+ free (names[0]);
+ names[0] = (char *)NULL;
+ }
+ else
+ free (oldnames);
+
+ free (newnames);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ if (force_fignore == 0)
+ {
+ while (oidx)
+ free (oldnames[--oidx]);
+ free (oldnames);
+ }
+
+ /* If only one is acceptable, copy it to names[0] and return. */
+ if (nidx == 2)
+ {
+ free (names[0]);
+ names[0] = newnames[1];
+ names[1] = (char *)NULL;
+ free (newnames);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ /* Copy the acceptable names back to NAMES, set the new array end,
+ and return. */
+ for (nidx = 1; newnames[nidx]; nidx++)
+ names[nidx] = newnames[nidx];
+ names[nidx] = (char *)NULL;
+ free (newnames);
+}
+
+static int
+name_is_acceptable (name)
+ const char *name;
+{
+ struct ign *p;
+ int nlen;
+
+ for (nlen = strlen (name), p = fignore.ignores; p->val; p++)
+ {
+ if (nlen > p->len && p->len > 0 && STREQ (p->val, &name[nlen - p->len]))
+ return (0);
+ }
+
+ return (1);
+}
+
+#if 0
+static int
+ignore_dot_names (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ return (name[0] != '.');
+}
+#endif
+
+static int
+filename_completion_ignore (names)
+ char **names;
+{
+#if 0
+ if (glob_dot_filenames == 0)
+ _ignore_completion_names (names, ignore_dot_names);
+#endif
+
+ setup_ignore_patterns (&fignore);
+
+ if (fignore.num_ignores == 0)
+ return 0;
+
+ _ignore_completion_names (names, name_is_acceptable);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/* Return 1 if NAME is a directory. NAME undergoes tilde expansion. */
+static int
+test_for_directory (name)
+ const char *name;
+{
+ char *fn;
+ int r;
+
+ fn = bash_tilde_expand (name, 0);
+ r = file_isdir (fn);
+ free (fn);
+
+ return (r);
+}
+
+/* Remove files from NAMES, leaving directories. */
+static int
+bash_ignore_filenames (names)
+ char **names;
+{
+ _ignore_completion_names (names, test_for_directory);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+return_zero (name)
+ const char *name;
+{
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+bash_ignore_everything (names)
+ char **names;
+{
+ _ignore_completion_names (names, return_zero);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/* Replace a tilde-prefix in VAL with a `~', assuming the user typed it. VAL
+ is an expanded filename. DIRECTORY_PART is the leading directory portion
+ of the un-tilde-expanded version of VAL. */
+static char *
+restore_tilde (val, directory_part)
+ char *val, *directory_part;
+{
+ int l, vl, dl2, xl;
+ char *dh2, *expdir, *ret;
+
+ vl = strlen (val);
+
+ /* We need to duplicate the expansions readline performs on the directory
+ portion before passing it to our completion function. */
+ dh2 = directory_part ? bash_dequote_filename (directory_part, 0) : 0;
+ bash_directory_expansion (&dh2);
+ dl2 = strlen (dh2);
+
+ expdir = bash_tilde_expand (directory_part, 0);
+ xl = strlen (expdir);
+ free (expdir);
+
+ /*
+ dh2 = unexpanded but dequoted tilde-prefix
+ dl2 = length of tilde-prefix
+ expdir = tilde-expanded tilde-prefix
+ xl = length of expanded tilde-prefix
+ l = length of remainder after tilde-prefix
+ */
+ l = (vl - xl) + 1;
+
+ ret = (char *)xmalloc (dl2 + 2 + l);
+ strcpy (ret, dh2);
+ strcpy (ret + dl2, val + xl);
+
+ free (dh2);
+ return (ret);
+}
+
+/* Simulate the expansions that will be performed by
+ rl_filename_completion_function. This must be called with the address of
+ a pointer to malloc'd memory. */
+static void
+bash_directory_expansion (dirname)
+ char **dirname;
+{
+ char *d, *nd;
+
+ d = savestring (*dirname);
+
+ if (rl_directory_rewrite_hook)
+ (*rl_directory_rewrite_hook) (&d);
+
+ if (rl_directory_completion_hook && (*rl_directory_completion_hook) (&d))
+ {
+ free (*dirname);
+ *dirname = d;
+ }
+ else if (rl_completion_found_quote)
+ {
+ nd = bash_dequote_filename (d, rl_completion_quote_character);
+ free (*dirname);
+ free (d);
+ *dirname = nd;
+ }
+}
+
+/* Handle symbolic link references and other directory name
+ expansions while hacking completion. */
+static int
+bash_directory_completion_hook (dirname)
+ char **dirname;
+{
+ char *local_dirname, *new_dirname, *t;
+ int return_value, should_expand_dirname;
+ WORD_LIST *wl;
+ struct stat sb;
+
+ return_value = should_expand_dirname = 0;
+ local_dirname = *dirname;
+
+ if (xstrchr (local_dirname, '$'))
+ should_expand_dirname = 1;
+ else
+ {
+ t = xstrchr (local_dirname, '`');
+ if (t && unclosed_pair (local_dirname, strlen (local_dirname), "`") == 0)
+ should_expand_dirname = 1;
+ }
+
+#if defined (HAVE_LSTAT)
+ if (should_expand_dirname && lstat (local_dirname, &sb) == 0)
+#else
+ if (should_expand_dirname && stat (local_dirname, &sb) == 0)
+#endif
+ should_expand_dirname = 0;
+
+ if (should_expand_dirname)
+ {
+ new_dirname = savestring (local_dirname);
+ wl = expand_prompt_string (new_dirname, 0, W_NOCOMSUB); /* does the right thing */
+ if (wl)
+ {
+ *dirname = string_list (wl);
+ /* Tell the completer to replace the directory name only if we
+ actually expanded something. */
+ return_value = STREQ (local_dirname, *dirname) == 0;
+ free (local_dirname);
+ free (new_dirname);
+ dispose_words (wl);
+ local_dirname = *dirname;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ free (new_dirname);
+ free (local_dirname);
+ *dirname = (char *)xmalloc (1);
+ **dirname = '\0';
+ return 1;
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ /* Dequote the filename even if we don't expand it. */
+ new_dirname = bash_dequote_filename (local_dirname, rl_completion_quote_character);
+ free (local_dirname);
+ local_dirname = *dirname = new_dirname;
+ }
+
+ if (no_symbolic_links == 0 && (local_dirname[0] != '.' || local_dirname[1]))
+ {
+ char *temp1, *temp2;
+ int len1, len2;
+
+ t = get_working_directory ("symlink-hook");
+ temp1 = make_absolute (local_dirname, t);
+ free (t);
+ temp2 = sh_canonpath (temp1, PATH_CHECKDOTDOT|PATH_CHECKEXISTS);
+ /* If we can't canonicalize, bail. */
+ if (temp2 == 0)
+ {
+ free (temp1);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ len1 = strlen (temp1);
+ if (temp1[len1 - 1] == '/')
+ {
+ len2 = strlen (temp2);
+ if (len2 > 2) /* don't append `/' to `/' or `//' */
+ {
+ temp2 = (char *)xrealloc (temp2, len2 + 2);
+ temp2[len2] = '/';
+ temp2[len2 + 1] = '\0';
+ }
+ }
+ free (local_dirname);
+ *dirname = temp2;
+ free (temp1);
+ }
+ return (return_value);
+}
+
+static char **history_completion_array = (char **)NULL;
+static int harry_size;
+static int harry_len;
+
+static void
+build_history_completion_array ()
+{
+ register int i, j;
+ HIST_ENTRY **hlist;
+ char **tokens;
+
+ /* First, clear out the current dynamic history completion list. */
+ if (harry_size)
+ {
+ strvec_dispose (history_completion_array);
+ history_completion_array = (char **)NULL;
+ harry_size = 0;
+ harry_len = 0;
+ }
+
+ /* Next, grovel each line of history, making each shell-sized token
+ a separate entry in the history_completion_array. */
+ hlist = history_list ();
+
+ if (hlist)
+ {
+ for (i = 0; hlist[i]; i++)
+ {
+ /* Separate each token, and place into an array. */
+ tokens = history_tokenize (hlist[i]->line);
+
+ for (j = 0; tokens && tokens[j]; j++)
+ {
+ if (harry_len + 2 > harry_size)
+ history_completion_array = strvec_resize (history_completion_array, harry_size += 10);
+
+ history_completion_array[harry_len++] = tokens[j];
+ history_completion_array[harry_len] = (char *)NULL;
+ }
+ free (tokens);
+ }
+
+ /* Sort the complete list of tokens. */
+ qsort (history_completion_array, harry_len, sizeof (char *), (QSFUNC *)strvec_strcmp);
+ }
+}
+
+static char *
+history_completion_generator (hint_text, state)
+ const char *hint_text;
+ int state;
+{
+ static int local_index, len;
+ static const char *text;
+
+ /* If this is the first call to the generator, then initialize the
+ list of strings to complete over. */
+ if (state == 0)
+ {
+ local_index = 0;
+ build_history_completion_array ();
+ text = hint_text;
+ len = strlen (text);
+ }
+
+ while (history_completion_array && history_completion_array[local_index])
+ {
+ if (strncmp (text, history_completion_array[local_index++], len) == 0)
+ return (savestring (history_completion_array[local_index - 1]));
+ }
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+}
+
+static int
+dynamic_complete_history (count, key)
+ int count, key;
+{
+ int r;
+
+ rl_compentry_func_t *orig_func;
+ rl_completion_func_t *orig_attempt_func;
+
+ orig_func = rl_completion_entry_function;
+ orig_attempt_func = rl_attempted_completion_function;
+ rl_completion_entry_function = history_completion_generator;
+ rl_attempted_completion_function = (rl_completion_func_t *)NULL;
+
+ /* XXX - use rl_completion_mode here? */
+ if (rl_last_func == dynamic_complete_history)
+ r = rl_complete_internal ('?');
+ else
+ r = rl_complete_internal (TAB);
+
+ rl_completion_entry_function = orig_func;
+ rl_attempted_completion_function = orig_attempt_func;
+ return r;
+}
+
+#if defined (SPECIFIC_COMPLETION_FUNCTIONS)
+static int
+bash_complete_username (ignore, ignore2)
+ int ignore, ignore2;
+{
+ return bash_complete_username_internal (rl_completion_mode (bash_complete_username));
+}
+
+static int
+bash_possible_username_completions (ignore, ignore2)
+ int ignore, ignore2;
+{
+ return bash_complete_username_internal ('?');
+}
+
+static int
+bash_complete_username_internal (what_to_do)
+ int what_to_do;
+{
+ return bash_specific_completion (what_to_do, rl_username_completion_function);
+}
+
+static int
+bash_complete_filename (ignore, ignore2)
+ int ignore, ignore2;
+{
+ return bash_complete_filename_internal (rl_completion_mode (bash_complete_filename));
+}
+
+static int
+bash_possible_filename_completions (ignore, ignore2)
+ int ignore, ignore2;
+{
+ return bash_complete_filename_internal ('?');
+}
+
+static int
+bash_complete_filename_internal (what_to_do)
+ int what_to_do;
+{
+ rl_compentry_func_t *orig_func;
+ rl_completion_func_t *orig_attempt_func;
+ rl_icppfunc_t *orig_dir_func;
+ /*const*/ char *orig_rl_completer_word_break_characters;
+ int r;
+
+ orig_func = rl_completion_entry_function;
+ orig_attempt_func = rl_attempted_completion_function;
+ orig_dir_func = rl_directory_completion_hook;
+ orig_rl_completer_word_break_characters = rl_completer_word_break_characters;
+ rl_completion_entry_function = rl_filename_completion_function;
+ rl_attempted_completion_function = (rl_completion_func_t *)NULL;
+ rl_directory_completion_hook = (rl_icppfunc_t *)NULL;
+ rl_completer_word_break_characters = " \t\n\"\'";
+
+ r = rl_complete_internal (what_to_do);
+
+ rl_completion_entry_function = orig_func;
+ rl_attempted_completion_function = orig_attempt_func;
+ rl_directory_completion_hook = orig_dir_func;
+ rl_completer_word_break_characters = orig_rl_completer_word_break_characters;
+
+ return r;
+}
+
+static int
+bash_complete_hostname (ignore, ignore2)
+ int ignore, ignore2;
+{
+ return bash_complete_hostname_internal (rl_completion_mode (bash_complete_hostname));
+}
+
+static int
+bash_possible_hostname_completions (ignore, ignore2)
+ int ignore, ignore2;
+{
+ return bash_complete_hostname_internal ('?');
+}
+
+static int
+bash_complete_variable (ignore, ignore2)
+ int ignore, ignore2;
+{
+ return bash_complete_variable_internal (rl_completion_mode (bash_complete_variable));
+}
+
+static int
+bash_possible_variable_completions (ignore, ignore2)
+ int ignore, ignore2;
+{
+ return bash_complete_variable_internal ('?');
+}
+
+static int
+bash_complete_command (ignore, ignore2)
+ int ignore, ignore2;
+{
+ return bash_complete_command_internal (rl_completion_mode (bash_complete_command));
+}
+
+static int
+bash_possible_command_completions (ignore, ignore2)
+ int ignore, ignore2;
+{
+ return bash_complete_command_internal ('?');
+}
+
+static int
+bash_complete_hostname_internal (what_to_do)
+ int what_to_do;
+{
+ return bash_specific_completion (what_to_do, hostname_completion_function);
+}
+
+static int
+bash_complete_variable_internal (what_to_do)
+ int what_to_do;
+{
+ return bash_specific_completion (what_to_do, variable_completion_function);
+}
+
+static int
+bash_complete_command_internal (what_to_do)
+ int what_to_do;
+{
+ return bash_specific_completion (what_to_do, command_word_completion_function);
+}
+
+static char *globtext;
+static char *globorig;
+
+static char *
+glob_complete_word (text, state)
+ const char *text;
+ int state;
+{
+ static char **matches = (char **)NULL;
+ static int ind;
+ int glen;
+ char *ret, *ttext;
+
+ if (state == 0)
+ {
+ rl_filename_completion_desired = 1;
+ FREE (matches);
+ if (globorig != globtext)
+ FREE (globorig);
+ FREE (globtext);
+
+ ttext = bash_tilde_expand (text, 0);
+
+ if (rl_explicit_arg)
+ {
+ globorig = savestring (ttext);
+ glen = strlen (ttext);
+ globtext = (char *)xmalloc (glen + 2);
+ strcpy (globtext, ttext);
+ globtext[glen] = '*';
+ globtext[glen+1] = '\0';
+ }
+ else
+ globtext = globorig = savestring (ttext);
+
+ if (ttext != text)
+ free (ttext);
+
+ matches = shell_glob_filename (globtext);
+ if (GLOB_FAILED (matches))
+ matches = (char **)NULL;
+ ind = 0;
+ }
+
+ ret = matches ? matches[ind] : (char *)NULL;
+ ind++;
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static int
+bash_glob_completion_internal (what_to_do)
+ int what_to_do;
+{
+ return bash_specific_completion (what_to_do, glob_complete_word);
+}
+
+/* A special quoting function so we don't end up quoting globbing characters
+ in the word if there are no matches or multiple matches. */
+static char *
+bash_glob_quote_filename (s, rtype, qcp)
+ char *s;
+ int rtype;
+ char *qcp;
+{
+ if (globorig && qcp && *qcp == '\0' && STREQ (s, globorig))
+ return (savestring (s));
+ else
+ return (bash_quote_filename (s, rtype, qcp));
+}
+
+static int
+bash_glob_complete_word (count, key)
+ int count, key;
+{
+ int r;
+ rl_quote_func_t *orig_quoting_function;
+
+ if (rl_editing_mode == EMACS_EDITING_MODE)
+ rl_explicit_arg = 1; /* force `*' append */
+ orig_quoting_function = rl_filename_quoting_function;
+ rl_filename_quoting_function = bash_glob_quote_filename;
+
+ r = bash_glob_completion_internal (rl_completion_mode (bash_glob_complete_word));
+
+ rl_filename_quoting_function = orig_quoting_function;
+ return r;
+}
+
+static int
+bash_glob_expand_word (count, key)
+ int count, key;
+{
+ return bash_glob_completion_internal ('*');
+}
+
+static int
+bash_glob_list_expansions (count, key)
+ int count, key;
+{
+ return bash_glob_completion_internal ('?');
+}
+
+static int
+bash_specific_completion (what_to_do, generator)
+ int what_to_do;
+ rl_compentry_func_t *generator;
+{
+ rl_compentry_func_t *orig_func;
+ rl_completion_func_t *orig_attempt_func;
+ int r;
+
+ orig_func = rl_completion_entry_function;
+ orig_attempt_func = rl_attempted_completion_function;
+ rl_completion_entry_function = generator;
+ rl_attempted_completion_function = NULL;
+
+ r = rl_complete_internal (what_to_do);
+
+ rl_completion_entry_function = orig_func;
+ rl_attempted_completion_function = orig_attempt_func;
+
+ return r;
+}
+
+#endif /* SPECIFIC_COMPLETION_FUNCTIONS */
+
+#if defined (VI_MODE)
+/* Completion, from vi mode's point of view. This is a modified version of
+ rl_vi_complete which uses the bash globbing code to implement what POSIX
+ specifies, which is to append a `*' and attempt filename generation (which
+ has the side effect of expanding any globbing characters in the word). */
+static int
+bash_vi_complete (count, key)
+ int count, key;
+{
+#if defined (SPECIFIC_COMPLETION_FUNCTIONS)
+ int p, r;
+ char *t;
+
+ if ((rl_point < rl_end) && (!whitespace (rl_line_buffer[rl_point])))
+ {
+ if (!whitespace (rl_line_buffer[rl_point + 1]))
+ rl_vi_end_word (1, 'E');
+ rl_point++;
+ }
+
+ /* Find boundaries of current word, according to vi definition of a
+ `bigword'. */
+ t = 0;
+ if (rl_point > 0)
+ {
+ p = rl_point;
+ rl_vi_bWord (1, 'B');
+ r = rl_point;
+ rl_point = p;
+ p = r;
+
+ t = substring (rl_line_buffer, p, rl_point);
+ }
+
+ if (t && glob_pattern_p (t) == 0)
+ rl_explicit_arg = 1; /* XXX - force glob_complete_word to append `*' */
+ FREE (t);
+
+ if (key == '*') /* Expansion and replacement. */
+ r = bash_glob_expand_word (count, key);
+ else if (key == '=') /* List possible completions. */
+ r = bash_glob_list_expansions (count, key);
+ else if (key == '\\') /* Standard completion */
+ r = bash_glob_complete_word (count, key);
+ else
+ r = rl_complete (0, key);
+
+ if (key == '*' || key == '\\')
+ rl_vi_start_inserting (key, 1, 1);
+
+ return (r);
+#else
+ return rl_vi_complete (count, key);
+#endif /* !SPECIFIC_COMPLETION_FUNCTIONS */
+}
+#endif /* VI_MODE */
+
+/* Filename quoting for completion. */
+/* A function to strip unquoted quote characters (single quotes, double
+ quotes, and backslashes). It allows single quotes to appear
+ within double quotes, and vice versa. It should be smarter. */
+static char *
+bash_dequote_filename (text, quote_char)
+ char *text;
+ int quote_char;
+{
+ char *ret, *p, *r;
+ int l, quoted;
+
+ l = strlen (text);
+ ret = (char *)xmalloc (l + 1);
+ for (quoted = quote_char, p = text, r = ret; p && *p; p++)
+ {
+ /* Allow backslash-escaped characters to pass through unscathed. */
+ if (*p == '\\')
+ {
+ /* Backslashes are preserved within single quotes. */
+ if (quoted == '\'')
+ *r++ = *p;
+ /* Backslashes are preserved within double quotes unless the
+ character is one that is defined to be escaped */
+ else if (quoted == '"' && ((sh_syntaxtab[p[1]] & CBSDQUOTE) == 0))
+ *r++ = *p;
+
+ *r++ = *++p;
+ if (*p == '\0')
+ break;
+ continue;
+ }
+ /* Close quote. */
+ if (quoted && *p == quoted)
+ {
+ quoted = 0;
+ continue;
+ }
+ /* Open quote. */
+ if (quoted == 0 && (*p == '\'' || *p == '"'))
+ {
+ quoted = *p;
+ continue;
+ }
+ *r++ = *p;
+ }
+ *r = '\0';
+ return ret;
+}
+
+/* Quote characters that the readline completion code would treat as
+ word break characters with backslashes. Pass backslash-quoted
+ characters through without examination. */
+static char *
+quote_word_break_chars (text)
+ char *text;
+{
+ char *ret, *r, *s;
+ int l;
+
+ l = strlen (text);
+ ret = (char *)xmalloc ((2 * l) + 1);
+ for (s = text, r = ret; *s; s++)
+ {
+ /* Pass backslash-quoted characters through, including the backslash. */
+ if (*s == '\\')
+ {
+ *r++ = '\\';
+ *r++ = *++s;
+ if (*s == '\0')
+ break;
+ continue;
+ }
+ /* OK, we have an unquoted character. Check its presence in
+ rl_completer_word_break_characters. */
+ if (xstrchr (rl_completer_word_break_characters, *s))
+ *r++ = '\\';
+ *r++ = *s;
+ }
+ *r = '\0';
+ return ret;
+}
+
+/* Quote a filename using double quotes, single quotes, or backslashes
+ depending on the value of completion_quoting_style. If we're
+ completing using backslashes, we need to quote some additional
+ characters (those that readline treats as word breaks), so we call
+ quote_word_break_chars on the result. This returns newly-allocated
+ memory. */
+static char *
+bash_quote_filename (s, rtype, qcp)
+ char *s;
+ int rtype;
+ char *qcp;
+{
+ char *rtext, *mtext, *ret;
+ int rlen, cs;
+
+ rtext = (char *)NULL;
+
+ /* If RTYPE == MULT_MATCH, it means that there is
+ more than one match. In this case, we do not add
+ the closing quote or attempt to perform tilde
+ expansion. If RTYPE == SINGLE_MATCH, we try
+ to perform tilde expansion, because single and double
+ quotes inhibit tilde expansion by the shell. */
+
+ cs = completion_quoting_style;
+ /* Might need to modify the default completion style based on *qcp,
+ since it's set to any user-provided opening quote. We also change
+ to single-quoting if there is no user-provided opening quote and
+ the word being completed contains newlines, since those are not
+ quoted correctly using backslashes (a backslash-newline pair is
+ special to the shell parser). */
+ if (*qcp == '\0' && cs == COMPLETE_BSQUOTE && xstrchr (s, '\n'))
+ cs = COMPLETE_SQUOTE;
+ else if (*qcp == '"')
+ cs = COMPLETE_DQUOTE;
+ else if (*qcp == '\'')
+ cs = COMPLETE_SQUOTE;
+#if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
+ else if (*qcp == '\0' && history_expansion && cs == COMPLETE_DQUOTE &&
+ history_expansion_inhibited == 0 && xstrchr (s, '!'))
+ cs = COMPLETE_BSQUOTE;
+
+ if (*qcp == '"' && history_expansion && cs == COMPLETE_DQUOTE &&
+ history_expansion_inhibited == 0 && xstrchr (s, '!'))
+ {
+ cs = COMPLETE_BSQUOTE;
+ *qcp = '\0';
+ }
+#endif
+
+ /* Don't tilde-expand backslash-quoted filenames, since only single and
+ double quotes inhibit tilde expansion. */
+ mtext = s;
+ if (mtext[0] == '~' && rtype == SINGLE_MATCH && cs != COMPLETE_BSQUOTE)
+ mtext = bash_tilde_expand (s, 0);
+
+ switch (cs)
+ {
+ case COMPLETE_DQUOTE:
+ rtext = sh_double_quote (mtext);
+ break;
+ case COMPLETE_SQUOTE:
+ rtext = sh_single_quote (mtext);
+ break;
+ case COMPLETE_BSQUOTE:
+ rtext = sh_backslash_quote (mtext);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ if (mtext != s)
+ free (mtext);
+
+ /* We may need to quote additional characters: those that readline treats
+ as word breaks that are not quoted by backslash_quote. */
+ if (rtext && cs == COMPLETE_BSQUOTE)
+ {
+ mtext = quote_word_break_chars (rtext);
+ free (rtext);
+ rtext = mtext;
+ }
+
+ /* Leave the opening quote intact. The readline completion code takes
+ care of avoiding doubled opening quotes. */
+ rlen = strlen (rtext);
+ ret = (char *)xmalloc (rlen + 1);
+ strcpy (ret, rtext);
+
+ /* If there are multiple matches, cut off the closing quote. */
+ if (rtype == MULT_MATCH && cs != COMPLETE_BSQUOTE)
+ ret[rlen - 1] = '\0';
+ free (rtext);
+ return ret;
+}
+
+/* Support for binding readline key sequences to Unix commands. */
+static Keymap cmd_xmap;
+
+static int
+bash_execute_unix_command (count, key)
+ int count; /* ignored */
+ int key;
+{
+ Keymap ckmap; /* current keymap */
+ Keymap xkmap; /* unix command executing keymap */
+ register int i;
+ char *cmd;
+ sh_parser_state_t ps;
+
+ /* First, we need to find the right command to execute. This is tricky,
+ because we might have already indirected into another keymap. */
+ ckmap = rl_get_keymap ();
+ if (ckmap != rl_executing_keymap)
+ {
+ /* bogus. we have to search. only handle one level of indirection. */
+ for (i = 0; i < KEYMAP_SIZE; i++)
+ {
+ if (ckmap[i].type == ISKMAP && (Keymap)ckmap[i].function == rl_executing_keymap)
+ break;
+ }
+ if (i < KEYMAP_SIZE)
+ xkmap = (Keymap)cmd_xmap[i].function;
+ else
+ {
+ rl_crlf ();
+ internal_error (_("bash_execute_unix_command: cannot find keymap for command"));
+ rl_forced_update_display ();
+ return 1;
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ xkmap = cmd_xmap;
+
+ cmd = (char *)xkmap[key].function;
+
+ if (cmd == 0)
+ {
+ rl_ding ();
+ return 1;
+ }
+
+ rl_crlf (); /* move to a new line */
+
+ save_parser_state (&ps);
+
+ cmd = savestring (cmd);
+ parse_and_execute (cmd, "bash_execute_unix_command", SEVAL_NOHIST);
+
+ restore_parser_state (&ps);
+
+ /* and restore the readline buffer and display after command execution. */
+ rl_forced_update_display ();
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static void
+init_unix_command_map ()
+{
+ cmd_xmap = rl_make_bare_keymap ();
+}
+
+static int
+isolate_sequence (string, ind, need_dquote, startp)
+ char *string;
+ int ind, need_dquote, *startp;
+{
+ register int i;
+ int c, passc, delim;
+
+ for (i = ind; string[i] && whitespace (string[i]); i++)
+ ;
+ /* NEED_DQUOTE means that the first non-white character *must* be `"'. */
+ if (need_dquote && string[i] != '"')
+ {
+ builtin_error (_("%s: first non-whitespace character is not `\"'"), string);
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ /* We can have delimited strings even if NEED_DQUOTE == 0, like the command
+ string to bind the key sequence to. */
+ delim = (string[i] == '"' || string[i] == '\'') ? string[i] : 0;
+
+ if (startp)
+ *startp = delim ? ++i : i;
+
+ for (passc = 0; c = string[i]; i++)
+ {
+ if (passc)
+ {
+ passc = 0;
+ continue;
+ }
+ if (c == '\\')
+ {
+ passc++;
+ continue;
+ }
+ if (c == delim)
+ break;
+ }
+
+ if (delim && string[i] != delim)
+ {
+ builtin_error (_("no closing `%c' in %s"), delim, string);
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ return i;
+}
+
+int
+bind_keyseq_to_unix_command (line)
+ char *line;
+{
+ Keymap kmap;
+ char *kseq, *value;
+ int i, kstart;
+
+ if (cmd_xmap == 0)
+ init_unix_command_map ();
+
+ kmap = rl_get_keymap ();
+
+ /* We duplicate some of the work done by rl_parse_and_bind here, but
+ this code only has to handle `"keyseq": ["]command["]' and can
+ generate an error for anything else. */
+ i = isolate_sequence (line, 0, 1, &kstart);
+ if (i < 0)
+ return -1;
+
+ /* Create the key sequence string to pass to rl_generic_bind */
+ kseq = substring (line, kstart, i);
+
+ for ( ; line[i] && line[i] != ':'; i++)
+ ;
+ if (line[i] != ':')
+ {
+ builtin_error (_("%s: missing colon separator"), line);
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ i = isolate_sequence (line, i + 1, 0, &kstart);
+ if (i < 0)
+ return -1;
+
+ /* Create the value string containing the command to execute. */
+ value = substring (line, kstart, i);
+
+ /* Save the command to execute and the key sequence in the CMD_XMAP */
+ rl_generic_bind (ISMACR, kseq, value, cmd_xmap);
+
+ /* and bind the key sequence in the current keymap to a function that
+ understands how to execute from CMD_XMAP */
+ rl_bind_keyseq_in_map (kseq, bash_execute_unix_command, kmap);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/* Used by the programmable completion code. Complete TEXT as a filename,
+ but return only directories as matches. Dequotes the filename before
+ attempting to find matches. */
+char **
+bash_directory_completion_matches (text)
+ const char *text;
+{
+ char **m1;
+ char *dfn;
+ int qc;
+
+ qc = rl_dispatching ? rl_completion_quote_character : 0;
+ dfn = bash_dequote_filename ((char *)text, qc);
+ m1 = rl_completion_matches (dfn, rl_filename_completion_function);
+ free (dfn);
+
+ if (m1 == 0 || m1[0] == 0)
+ return m1;
+ /* We don't bother recomputing the lcd of the matches, because it will just
+ get thrown away by the programmable completion code and recomputed
+ later. */
+ (void)bash_ignore_filenames (m1);
+ return m1;
+}
+
+char *
+bash_dequote_text (text)
+ const char *text;
+{
+ char *dtxt;
+ int qc;
+
+ qc = (text[0] == '"' || text[0] == '\'') ? text[0] : 0;
+ dtxt = bash_dequote_filename ((char *)text, qc);
+ return (dtxt);
+}
+#endif /* READLINE */
/* bashline.c -- Bash's interface to the readline library. */
-/* Copyright (C) 1987-2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+/* Copyright (C) 1987-2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
#endif
/* Helper functions for Readline. */
+static char *restore_tilde __P((char *, char *));
+
static void bash_directory_expansion __P((char **));
static int bash_directory_completion_hook __P((char **));
static int filename_completion_ignore __P((char **));
#if defined (PROGRAMMABLE_COMPLETION)
/* Attempt programmable completion. */
- if (!matches && in_command_position == 0 && prog_completion_enabled &&
- (progcomp_size () > 0) && current_prompt_string == ps1_prompt)
+ if (matches == 0 && (in_command_position == 0 || text[0] == '\0') &&
+ prog_completion_enabled && (progcomp_size () > 0) &&
+ current_prompt_string == ps1_prompt)
{
int s, e, foundcs;
char *n;
s = find_cmd_start (start);
e = find_cmd_end (end);
n = find_cmd_name (s);
- if (e > s && assignment (n, 0) == 0)
+ if (e == 0 && e == s && text[0] == '\0')
+ prog_complete_matches = programmable_completions ("_EmptycmD_", text, s, e, &foundcs);
+ else if (e > s && assignment (n, 0) == 0)
prog_complete_matches = programmable_completions (n, text, s, e, &foundcs);
else
foundcs = 0;
/* XXX - if we found a COMPSPEC for the command, just return whatever
the programmable completion code returns, and disable the default
filename completion that readline will do unless the COPT_DEFAULT
- option has been set with the `-o default' option to complete. */
+ option has been set with the `-o default' option to complete or
+ compopt. */
if (foundcs)
{
- /* If the user specified that the compspec returns filenames, make
- sure that readline knows it. */
- if (foundcs & COPT_FILENAMES)
- rl_filename_completion_desired = 1;
- /* If the user doesn't want a space appended, tell readline. */
- if (foundcs & COPT_NOSPACE)
- rl_completion_suppress_append = 1;
+ pcomp_set_readline_variables (foundcs, 1);
/* Turn what the programmable completion code returns into what
readline wants. I should have made compute_lcd_of_matches
external... */
static char *filename_hint = (char *)NULL;
static char *dequoted_hint = (char *)NULL;
static char *directory_part = (char *)NULL;
+ static char **glob_matches = (char **)NULL;
static int path_index, hint_len, dequoted_len, istate, igncase;
static int mapping_over, local_index, searching_path, hint_is_dir;
+ static int old_glob_ignore_case, globpat;
static SHELL_VAR **varlist = (SHELL_VAR **)NULL;
#if defined (ALIAS)
static alias_t **alias_list = (alias_t **)NULL;
/* We have to map over the possibilities for command words. If we have
no state, then make one just for that purpose. */
- if (!state)
+ if (state == 0)
{
if (dequoted_hint && dequoted_hint != hint)
free (dequoted_hint);
temp = rl_variable_value ("completion-ignore-case");
igncase = strcmp (temp, "on") == 0;
+ if (glob_matches)
+ {
+ free (glob_matches);
+ glob_matches = (char **)NULL;
+ }
+
+ globpat = glob_pattern_p (hint_text);
+
/* If this is an absolute program name, do not check it against
aliases, reserved words, functions or builtins. We must check
whether or not it is unique, and, if so, whether that filename
is executable. */
- if (absolute_program (hint_text))
+ if (globpat || absolute_program (hint_text))
{
/* Perform tilde expansion on what's passed, so we don't end up
passing filenames with tildes directly to stat(). */
filename_hint = savestring (hint);
- mapping_over = 4;
istate = 0;
- goto inner;
+
+ if (globpat)
+ {
+ mapping_over = 5;
+ goto globword;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ mapping_over = 4;
+ goto inner;
+ }
}
dequoted_hint = hint = savestring (hint_text);
mapping_over++;
}
+globword:
+ /* Limited support for completing command words with globbing chars. Only
+ a single match (multiple matches that end up reducing the number of
+ characters in the common prefix are bad) will ever be returned on
+ regular completion. */
+ if (glob_pattern_p (hint))
+ {
+ if (state == 0)
+ {
+ glob_ignore_case = igncase;
+ glob_matches = shell_glob_filename (hint);
+ glob_ignore_case = old_glob_ignore_case;
+
+ if (GLOB_FAILED (glob_matches) || glob_matches == 0)
+ {
+ glob_matches = (char **)NULL;
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ }
+
+ local_index = 0;
+
+ if (glob_matches[1] && rl_completion_type == TAB) /* multiple matches are bad */
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ }
+
+ while (val = glob_matches[local_index++])
+ {
+ if (executable_or_directory (val))
+ {
+ if (*hint_text == '~')
+ {
+ temp = restore_tilde (val, directory_part);
+ free (val);
+ val = temp;
+ }
+ return (val);
+ }
+ free (val);
+ }
+
+ glob_ignore_case = old_glob_ignore_case;
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ }
+
/* If the text passed is a directory in the current directory, return it
as a possible match. Executables in directories in the current
directory can be specified using relative pathnames and successfully
istate = (val != (char *)NULL);
- if (!istate)
+ if (istate == 0)
{
char *current_path;
filename. */
if (*hint_text == '~')
{
- int l, vl, dl, dl2, xl;
- char *rd, *dh2, *expdir;
+ int l, vl, dl2, xl;
+ char *dh2, *expdir;
vl = strlen (val);
+#if 0
+ /* XXX -- don't need this or RD or DL */
rd = savestring (filename_hint);
bash_directory_expansion (&rd);
dl = strlen (rd);
free (rd);
+#endif
dh2 = directory_part ? bash_dequote_filename (directory_part, 0) : 0;
bash_directory_expansion (&dh2);
/*
dh2 = unexpanded but dequoted tilde-prefix
- dl = length of entire passed filename
dl2 = length of tilde-prefix
expdir = tilde-expanded tilde-prefix
xl = length of expanded tilde-prefix
return 0;
}
+/* Replace a tilde-prefix in VAL with a `~', assuming the user typed it. VAL
+ is an expanded filename. DIRECTORY_PART is the tilde-prefix portion
+ of the un-tilde-expanded version of VAL (what the user typed). */
+static char *
+restore_tilde (val, directory_part)
+ char *val, *directory_part;
+{
+ int l, vl, dl2, xl;
+ char *dh2, *expdir, *ret;
+
+ vl = strlen (val);
+
+ /* We need to duplicate the expansions readline performs on the directory
+ portion before passing it to our completion function. */
+ dh2 = directory_part ? bash_dequote_filename (directory_part, 0) : 0;
+ bash_directory_expansion (&dh2);
+ dl2 = strlen (dh2);
+
+ expdir = bash_tilde_expand (directory_part, 0);
+ xl = strlen (expdir);
+ free (expdir);
+
+ /*
+ dh2 = unexpanded but dequoted tilde-prefix
+ dl2 = length of tilde-prefix
+ expdir = tilde-expanded tilde-prefix
+ xl = length of expanded tilde-prefix
+ l = length of remainder after tilde-prefix
+ */
+ l = (vl - xl) + 1;
+
+ ret = (char *)xmalloc (dl2 + 2 + l);
+ strcpy (ret, dh2);
+ strcpy (ret + dl2, val + xl);
+
+ free (dh2);
+ return (ret);
+}
+
/* Simulate the expansions that will be performed by
rl_filename_completion_function. This must be called with the address of
a pointer to malloc'd memory. */
/* builtins.h -- What a builtin looks like, and where to find them. */
-/* Copyright (C) 1987,1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+/* Copyright (C) 1987-2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
#endif
/* Flags describing various things about a builtin. */
-#define BUILTIN_ENABLED 0x1 /* This builtin is enabled. */
-#define BUILTIN_DELETED 0x2 /* This has been deleted with enable -d. */
-#define STATIC_BUILTIN 0x4 /* This builtin is not dynamically loaded. */
-#define SPECIAL_BUILTIN 0x8 /* This is a Posix `special' builtin. */
+#define BUILTIN_ENABLED 0x01 /* This builtin is enabled. */
+#define BUILTIN_DELETED 0x02 /* This has been deleted with enable -d. */
+#define STATIC_BUILTIN 0x04 /* This builtin is not dynamically loaded. */
+#define SPECIAL_BUILTIN 0x08 /* This is a Posix `special' builtin. */
#define ASSIGNMENT_BUILTIN 0x10 /* This builtin takes assignment statements. */
+#define POSIX_BUILTIN 0x20 /* This builtins is special in the Posix command search order. */
#define BASE_INDENT 4
+#define MAN_INDENT 2
/* The thing that we build the array of builtins out of. */
struct builtin {
$(srcdir)/times.def $(srcdir)/trap.def $(srcdir)/type.def \
$(srcdir)/ulimit.def $(srcdir)/umask.def $(srcdir)/wait.def \
$(srcdir)/reserved.def $(srcdir)/pushd.def $(srcdir)/shopt.def \
- $(srcdir)/printf.def $(srcdir)/complete.def
+ $(srcdir)/printf.def $(srcdir)/complete.def $(srcdir)/mapfile.def
STATIC_SOURCE = common.c evalstring.c evalfile.c getopt.c bashgetopt.c \
getopt.h
OFILES = builtins.o \
alias.o bind.o break.o builtin.o caller.o cd.o colon.o command.o \
common.o declare.o echo.o enable.o eval.o evalfile.o \
- evalstring.o exec.o \
- exit.o fc.o fg_bg.o hash.o help.o history.o jobs.o kill.o let.o \
+ evalstring.o exec.o exit.o fc.o fg_bg.o hash.o help.o history.o \
+ jobs.o kill.o let.o mapfile.o \
pushd.o read.o return.o set.o setattr.o shift.o source.o \
suspend.o test.o times.o trap.o type.o ulimit.o umask.o \
wait.o getopts.o shopt.o printf.o getopt.o bashgetopt.o complete.o
jobs.o: jobs.def
kill.o: kill.def
let.o: let.def
+mapfile.o: mapfile.def
printf.o: printf.def
pushd.o: pushd.def
read.o: read.def
complete.o: ${topdir}/builtins.h
complete.o: ${topdir}/pcomplete.h
complete.o: ${srcdir}/common.h ${srcdir}/bashgetopt.h
+mapfile.o: $(topdir)/command.h ../config.h $(BASHINCDIR)/memalloc.h
+mapfile.o: $(topdir)/error.h $(topdir)/general.h $(topdir)/xmalloc.h
+mapfile.o: $(topdir)/quit.h $(topdir)/dispose_cmd.h $(topdir)/make_cmd.h
+mapfile.o: $(topdir)/subst.h $(topdir)/externs.h $(BASHINCDIR)/maxpath.h
+mapfile.o: $(topdir)/shell.h $(topdir)/syntax.h $(topdir)/variables.h $(topdir)/conftypes.h
+mapfile.o: $(topdir)/arrayfunc.h
#bind.o: $(RL_LIBSRC)chardefs.h $(RL_LIBSRC)readline.h $(RL_LIBSRC)keymaps.h
jobs.o: ${topdir}/bashintl.h ${LIBINTL_H} $(BASHINCDIR)/gettext.h
kill.o: ${topdir}/bashintl.h ${LIBINTL_H} $(BASHINCDIR)/gettext.h
let.o: ${topdir}/bashintl.h ${LIBINTL_H} $(BASHINCDIR)/gettext.h
+mapfile.o: ${topdir}/bashintl.h ${LIBINTL_H} $(BASHINCDIR)/gettext.h
mkbuiltins.o: ${topdir}/bashintl.h ${LIBINTL_H} $(BASHINCDIR)/gettext.h
printf.o: ${topdir}/bashintl.h ${LIBINTL_H} $(BASHINCDIR)/gettext.h
pushd.o: ${topdir}/bashintl.h ${LIBINTL_H} $(BASHINCDIR)/gettext.h
includedir = @includedir@
datadir = @datadir@
-localedir = $(datadir)/locale
+localedir = @localedir@
# Support an alternate destination root directory for package building
DESTDIR =
LIBS = @LIBS@
LDFLAGS = @LDFLAGS@ $(LOCAL_LDFLAGS) $(CFLAGS)
-LDFLAGS_FOR_BUILD = $(LDFLAGS)
+LDFLAGS_FOR_BUILD = @LDFLAGS_FOR_BUILD@ $(LOCAL_LDFLAGS) $(CFLAGS_FOR_BUILD)
LOCAL_LDFLAGS = @LOCAL_LDFLAGS@
#LIBS_FOR_BUILD = @LIBS_FOR_BUILD@
LIBS_FOR_BUILD = $(LIBS)
$(srcdir)/times.def $(srcdir)/trap.def $(srcdir)/type.def \
$(srcdir)/ulimit.def $(srcdir)/umask.def $(srcdir)/wait.def \
$(srcdir)/reserved.def $(srcdir)/pushd.def $(srcdir)/shopt.def \
- $(srcdir)/printf.def $(srcdir)/complete.def
+ $(srcdir)/printf.def $(srcdir)/complete.def $(srcdir)/mapfile.def
STATIC_SOURCE = common.c evalstring.c evalfile.c getopt.c bashgetopt.c \
getopt.h
OFILES = builtins.o \
alias.o bind.o break.o builtin.o caller.o cd.o colon.o command.o \
common.o declare.o echo.o enable.o eval.o evalfile.o \
- evalstring.o exec.o \
- exit.o fc.o fg_bg.o hash.o help.o history.o jobs.o kill.o let.o \
+ evalstring.o exec.o exit.o fc.o fg_bg.o hash.o help.o history.o
+ jobs.o kill.o let.o mapfile.o \
pushd.o read.o return.o set.o setattr.o shift.o source.o \
suspend.o test.o times.o trap.o type.o ulimit.o umask.o \
wait.o getopts.o shopt.o printf.o getopt.o bashgetopt.o complete.o
jobs.o: jobs.def
kill.o: kill.def
let.o: let.def
+mapfile.o: mapfile.def
printf.o: printf.def
pushd.o: pushd.def
read.o: read.def
complete.o: ${topdir}/builtins.h
complete.o: ${topdir}/pcomplete.h
complete.o: ${srcdir}/common.h ${srcdir}/bashgetopt.h
+mapfile.o: $(topdir)/command.h ../config.h $(BASHINCDIR)/memalloc.h
+mapfile.o: $(topdir)/error.h $(topdir)/general.h $(topdir)/xmalloc.h
+mapfile.o: $(topdir)/quit.h $(topdir)/dispose_cmd.h $(topdir)/make_cmd.h
+mapfile.o: $(topdir)/subst.h $(topdir)/externs.h $(BASHINCDIR)/maxpath.h
+mapfile.o: $(topdir)/shell.h $(topdir)/syntax.h $(topdir)/variables.h $(topdir)/conftypes.h
+mapfile.o: $(topdir)/arrayfunc.h
#bind.o: $(RL_LIBSRC)chardefs.h $(RL_LIBSRC)readline.h $(RL_LIBSRC)keymaps.h
jobs.o: ${topdir}/bashintl.h ${LIBINTL_H} $(BASHINCDIR)/gettext.h
kill.o: ${topdir}/bashintl.h ${LIBINTL_H} $(BASHINCDIR)/gettext.h
let.o: ${topdir}/bashintl.h ${LIBINTL_H} $(BASHINCDIR)/gettext.h
+mapfile.o: ${topdir}/bashintl.h ${LIBINTL_H} $(BASHINCDIR)/gettext.h
mkbuiltins.o: ${topdir}/bashintl.h ${LIBINTL_H} $(BASHINCDIR)/gettext.h
printf.o: ${topdir}/bashintl.h ${LIBINTL_H} $(BASHINCDIR)/gettext.h
pushd.o: ${topdir}/bashintl.h ${LIBINTL_H} $(BASHINCDIR)/gettext.h
$DEPENDS_ON ALIAS
$PRODUCES alias.c
$SHORT_DOC alias [-p] [name[=value] ... ]
+Define or display aliases.
+
Without arguments, `alias' prints the list of aliases in the reusable
form `alias NAME=VALUE' on standard output.
Options:
-p Print all defined aliases in a reusable format
-Alias returns true unless a NAME is supplied for which no alias has been
+Exit Status:
+alias returns true unless a NAME is supplied for which no alias has been
defined.
$END
$DEPENDS_ON ALIAS
$PRODUCES alias.c
$SHORT_DOC alias [-p] [name[=value] ... ]
+Define or display aliases.
+
Without arguments, `alias' prints the list of aliases in the reusable
form `alias NAME=VALUE' on standard output.
Remove each NAME from the list of defined aliases.
Options:
-
-a remove all alias definitions.
Return success unless a NAME is not an existing alias.
$DEPENDS_ON READLINE
$FUNCTION bind_builtin
$SHORT_DOC bind [-lpvsPVS] [-m keymap] [-f filename] [-q name] [-u name] [-r keyseq] [-x keyseq:shell-command] [keyseq:readline-function or readline-command]
-Bind a key sequence to a Readline function or a macro, or set a Readline
-variable. The non-option argument syntax is equivalent to that found in
-~/.inputrc, but must be passed as a single argument: e.g.,
-bind '"\C-x\C-r": re-read-init-file'.
+Set Readline key bindings and variables.
+
+Bind a key sequence to a Readline function or a macro, or set a
+Readline variable. The non-option argument syntax is equivalent to
+that found in ~/.inputrc, but must be passed as a single argument:
+e.g., bind '"\C-x\C-r": re-read-init-file'.
Options:
-m keymap Use KEYMAP as the keymap for the duration of this
-f filename Read key bindings from FILENAME.
-x keyseq:shell-command Cause SHELL-COMMAND to be executed when
KEYSEQ is entered.
+
+Exit Status:
+bind returns 0 unless an unrecognized option is given or an error occurs.
$END
#if defined (READLINE)
This file is bind.def, from which is created bind.c.
It implements the builtin "bind" in Bash.
-Copyright (C) 1987-2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright (C) 1987-2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
$DEPENDS_ON READLINE
$FUNCTION bind_builtin
$SHORT_DOC bind [-lpvsPVS] [-m keymap] [-f filename] [-q name] [-u name] [-r keyseq] [-x keyseq:shell-command] [keyseq:readline-function or readline-command]
-Bind a key sequence to a Readline function or a macro, or set
-a Readline variable. The non-option argument syntax is equivalent
-to that found in ~/.inputrc, but must be passed as a single argument: e.g.,
-bind '"\C-x\C-r": re-read-init-file'.
-bind accepts the following options:
+Set Readline key bindings and variables.
+
+Bind a key sequence to a Readline function or a macro, or set a
+Readline variable. The non-option argument syntax is equivalent to
+that found in ~/.inputrc, but must be passed as a single argument:
+e.g., bind '"\C-x\C-r": re-read-init-file'.
+
+Options:
-m keymap Use KEYMAP as the keymap for the duration of this
command. Acceptable keymap names are emacs,
emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-move,
$BUILTIN break
$FUNCTION break_builtin
$SHORT_DOC break [n]
+Exit for, while, or until loops.
+
Exit a FOR, WHILE or UNTIL loop. If N is specified, break N enclosing
loops.
+
+Exit Status:
+The exit status is 0 unless the shell is not executing a loop.
$END
#include <config.h>
$BUILTIN continue
$FUNCTION continue_builtin
$SHORT_DOC continue [n]
+Resume for, while, or until loops.
+
Resumes the next iteration of the enclosing FOR, WHILE or UNTIL loop.
If N is specified, resumes the Nth enclosing loop.
+
+Exit Status:
+The exit status is 0 unless the shell is not executing a loop.
$END
/* Set up to continue x levels, where x defaults to 1, but can be specified
$BUILTIN break
$FUNCTION break_builtin
$SHORT_DOC break [n]
-Exit a FOR, WHILE or UNTIL loop. If N is specified, break N enclosing loops.
+Exit for, while, or until loops.
+
+Exit a FOR, WHILE or UNTIL loop. If N is specified, break N enclosing
+loops.
$END
#include <config.h>
$BUILTIN continue
$FUNCTION continue_builtin
$SHORT_DOC continue [n]
+Resume for, while, or until loops.
+
Resumes the next iteration of the enclosing FOR, WHILE or UNTIL loop.
If N is specified, resumes the Nth enclosing loop.
$END
$BUILTIN builtin
$FUNCTION builtin_builtin
$SHORT_DOC builtin [shell-builtin [arg ...]]
+Execute shell builtins.
+
Execute SHELL-BUILTIN with arguments ARGs without performing command
lookup. This is useful when you wish to reimplement a shell builtin
as a shell function, but need to execute the builtin within the function.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns the exit status of SHELL-BUILTIN, or false if SHELL-BUILTIN is
+not a shell builtin..
$END
#include <config.h>
$BUILTIN builtin
$FUNCTION builtin_builtin
$SHORT_DOC builtin [shell-builtin [arg ...]]
-Execute SHELL-BUILTIN with arguments ARGs without performing command lookup.
-This is useful when you wish to reimplement a shell builtin as a shell
-function, but need to execute the builtin within the function.
+Execute shell builtins.
+
+Execute SHELL-BUILTIN with arguments ARGs without performing command
+lookup. This is useful when you wish to reimplement a shell builtin
+as a shell function, but need to execute the builtin within the function.
$END
#include <config.h>
$FUNCTION caller_builtin
$DEPENDS_ON DEBUGGER
$SHORT_DOC caller [expr]
-Returns the context of the current subroutine call.
+Return the context of the current subroutine call.
Without EXPR, returns "$line $filename". With EXPR, returns
"$line $subroutine $filename"; this extra information can be used to
The value of EXPR indicates how many call frames to go back before the
current one; the top frame is frame 0.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns 0 unless the shell is not executing a shell function or EXPR
+is invalid.
$END
#include <config.h>
$FUNCTION caller_builtin
$DEPENDS_ON DEBUGGER
$SHORT_DOC caller [expr]
-Returns the context of the current subroutine call.
+Return the context of the current subroutine call.
Without EXPR, returns "$line $filename". With EXPR, returns
"$line $subroutine $filename"; this extra information can be used to
static char *caller_doc[] = {
N_("Returns the context of the current subroutine call.\n\
\n\
- Without EXPR, returns \"$line $filename\". With EXPR,\n\
- returns \"$line $subroutine $filename\"; this extra information\n\
- can be used used to provide a stack trace.\n\
+ Without EXPR, returns "$line $filename". With EXPR, returns\n\
+ "$line $subroutine $filename"; this extra information can be used to\n\
+ provide a stack trace.\n\
\n\
The value of EXPR indicates how many call frames to go back before the\n\
current one; the top frame is frame 0."),
$BUILTIN cd
$FUNCTION cd_builtin
$SHORT_DOC cd [-L|-P] [dir]
+Change the shell working directory.
+
Change the current directory to DIR. The default DIR is the value of the
HOME shell variable.
links
The default is to follow symbolic links, as if `-L' were specified.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns 0 if the directory is changed; non-zero otherwise.
$END
/* Just set $PWD, don't change OLDPWD. Used by `pwd -P' in posix mode. */
-P print the physical directory, without any symbolic links
By default, `pwd' behaves as if `-L' were specified.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns 0 unless an invalid option is given or the current directory
+cannot be read.
$END
/* Non-zero means that pwd always prints the physical directory, without
static char *resetpwd __P((char *));
static int change_to_directory __P((char *, int));
-static char *cdspell __P((char *));
-
/* Change this to 1 to get cd spelling correction by default. */
int cdspelling = 0;
$BUILTIN cd
$FUNCTION cd_builtin
$SHORT_DOC cd [-L|-P] [dir]
+Change the shell working directory.
+
Change the current directory to DIR. The default DIR is the value of the
HOME shell variable.
typo. This is similar to the UNIX 8th and 9th Edition shells. */
if (lflag & LCD_DOSPELL)
{
- temp = cdspell (dirname);
+ temp = dirspell (dirname);
if (temp && change_to_directory (temp, no_symlinks))
{
printf ("%s\n", temp);
free (tdir);
return r;
}
-
-/* Code for cd spelling correction. Original patch submitted by
- Neil Russel (caret@c-side.com). */
-
-static char *
-cdspell (dirname)
- char *dirname;
-{
- int n;
- char *guess;
-
- n = (strlen (dirname) * 3 + 1) / 2 + 1;
- guess = (char *)xmalloc (n);
-
- switch (spname (dirname, guess))
- {
- case -1:
- default:
- free (guess);
- return (char *)NULL;
- case 0:
- case 1:
- return guess;
- }
-}
$DOCNAME colon
$FUNCTION colon_builtin
$SHORT_DOC :
-No effect; the command does nothing. A successful exit code is returned.
+Null command.
+
+No effect; the command does nothing.
+
+Exit Status:
+Always succeeds.
$END
$BUILTIN true
$FUNCTION colon_builtin
$SHORT_DOC true
-Returns a successful result.
+Return a successful result.
+
+Exit Status:
+Always succeeds.
$END
$BUILTIN false
$FUNCTION false_builtin
$SHORT_DOC false
-Returns an unsuccessful result.
+Return an unsuccessful result.
+
+Exit Status:
+Always fails.
$END
/* Return a successful result. */
$DOCNAME colon
$FUNCTION colon_builtin
$SHORT_DOC :
-No effect; the command does nothing. A successful exit code is returned.
+Null command.
+
+No effect; the command does nothing. Returns a successful exit value.
$END
$BUILTIN true
$BUILTIN command
$FUNCTION command_builtin
$SHORT_DOC command [-pVv] command [arg ...]
+Execute a simple command or display information about commands.
+
Runs COMMAND with ARGS suppressing shell function lookup, or display
information about the specified COMMANDs. Can be used to invoke commands
on disk when a function with the same name exists.
the standard utilities
-v print a description of COMMAND similar to the `type' builtin
-V print a more verbose description of each COMMAND
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns exit status of COMMAND, or failure if COMMAND is not found.
$END
#include <config.h>
$BUILTIN command
$FUNCTION command_builtin
$SHORT_DOC command [-pVv] command [arg ...]
+Execute a simple command or display information about commands.
+
Runs COMMAND with ARGS suppressing shell function lookup, or display
information about the specified COMMANDs. Can be used to invoke commands
on disk when a function with the same name exists.
Options:
-p use a default value for PATH that is guaranteed to find all of
- the standard utilities.
+ the standard utilities
-v print a description of COMMAND similar to the `type' builtin
-V print a more verbose description of each COMMAND
$END
When completion is attempted, the actions are applied in the order the
uppercase-letter options are listed above.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or an error occurs.
$END
#include <config.h>
#define STRDUP(x) ((x) ? savestring (x) : (char *)NULL)
+/* Structure containing all the non-action (binary) options; filled in by
+ build_actions(). */
+struct _optflags {
+ int pflag;
+ int rflag;
+ int Eflag;
+};
+
static int find_compact __P((char *));
static int find_compopt __P((char *));
-static int build_actions __P((WORD_LIST *, int *, int *, unsigned long *, unsigned long *));
+static int build_actions __P((WORD_LIST *, struct _optflags *, unsigned long *, unsigned long *));
static int remove_cmd_completions __P((WORD_LIST *));
*/
static int
-build_actions (list, pp, rp, actp, optp)
+build_actions (list, flagp, actp, optp)
WORD_LIST *list;
- int *pp, *rp;
+ struct _optflags *flagp;
unsigned long *actp, *optp;
{
int opt, ind, opt_given;
opt_given = 0;
reset_internal_getopt ();
- while ((opt = internal_getopt (list, "abcdefgjko:prsuvA:G:W:P:S:X:F:C:")) != -1)
+ while ((opt = internal_getopt (list, "abcdefgjko:prsuvA:G:W:P:S:X:F:C:E")) != -1)
{
opt_given = 1;
switch (opt)
{
case 'r':
- if (rp)
+ if (flagp)
{
- *rp = 1;
+ flagp->rflag = 1;
break;
}
else
}
case 'p':
- if (pp)
+ if (flagp)
{
- *pp = 1;
+ flagp->pflag = 1;
break;
}
else
case 'C':
Carg = list_optarg;
break;
+ case 'E':
+ if (flagp)
+ {
+ flagp->Eflag = 1;
+ break;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ sh_invalidopt ("-E");
+ builtin_usage ();
+ return (EX_USAGE);
+ }
case 'F':
Farg = list_optarg;
break;
complete_builtin (list)
WORD_LIST *list;
{
- int opt_given, pflag, rflag, rval;
+ int opt_given, rval;
unsigned long acts, copts;
COMPSPEC *cs;
+ struct _optflags oflags;
+ WORD_LIST *l, *wl;
if (list == 0)
{
return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
}
- opt_given = pflag = rflag = 0;
+ opt_given = oflags.pflag = oflags.rflag = oflags.Eflag = 0;
+
acts = copts = (unsigned long)0L;
Garg = Warg = Parg = Sarg = Xarg = Farg = Carg = (char *)NULL;
cs = (COMPSPEC *)NULL;
/* Build the actions from the arguments. Also sets the [A-Z]arg variables
as a side effect if they are supplied as options. */
- rval = build_actions (list, &pflag, &rflag, &acts, &copts);
+ rval = build_actions (list, &oflags, &acts, &copts);
if (rval == EX_USAGE)
return (rval);
opt_given = rval != EXECUTION_FAILURE;
list = loptend;
+ wl = oflags.Eflag ? make_word_list (make_bare_word ("_EmptycmD_"), (WORD_LIST *)NULL) : 0;
+
/* -p overrides everything else */
- if (pflag || (list == 0 && opt_given == 0))
+ if (oflags.pflag || (list == 0 && opt_given == 0))
{
- if (list == 0)
+ if (wl)
+ {
+ rval = print_cmd_completions (wl);
+ dispose_words (wl);
+ return rval;
+ }
+ else if (list == 0)
{
print_all_completions ();
return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
}
/* next, -r overrides everything else. */
- if (rflag)
+ if (oflags.rflag)
{
- if (list == 0)
+ if (wl)
+ {
+ rval = remove_cmd_completions (wl);
+ dispose_words (wl);
+ return rval;
+ }
+ else if (list == 0)
{
progcomp_flush ();
return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
return (remove_cmd_completions (list));
}
- if (list == 0 && opt_given)
+ if (wl == 0 && list == 0 && opt_given)
{
builtin_usage ();
return (EX_USAGE);
cs->command = STRDUP (Carg);
cs->filterpat = STRDUP (Xarg);
- for (rval = EXECUTION_SUCCESS ; list; list = list->next)
+ for (rval = EXECUTION_SUCCESS, l = wl ? wl : list ; l; l = l->next)
{
/* Add CS as the compspec for the specified commands. */
- if (progcomp_insert (list->word->word, cs) == 0)
+ if (progcomp_insert (l->word->word, cs) == 0)
rval = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
}
+ dispose_words (wl);
return (rval);
}
Intended to be used from within a shell function generating possible
completions. If the optional WORD argument is supplied, matches against
WORD are generated.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or an error occurs.
$END
int
/* Build the actions from the arguments. Also sets the [A-Z]arg variables
as a side effect if they are supplied as options. */
- rval = build_actions (list, (int *)NULL, (int *)NULL, &acts, &copts);
+ rval = build_actions (list, (struct _optflags *)NULL, &acts, &copts);
if (rval == EX_USAGE)
return (rval);
if (rval == EXECUTION_FAILURE)
are supplied, compopt must be called by a function currently generating
completions, and the options for that currently-executing completion
generator are modified.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or NAME does not
+have a completion specification defined.
$END
int
compopt_builtin (list)
WORD_LIST *list;
{
- int opts_on, opts_off, *opts, opt, oind, ret;
+ int opts_on, opts_off, *opts, opt, oind, ret, Eflag;
WORD_LIST *l;
COMPSPEC *cs;
When completion is attempted, the actions are applied in the order the
uppercase-letter options are listed above.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or an error occurs.
$END
#include <config.h>
#define STRDUP(x) ((x) ? savestring (x) : (char *)NULL)
+/* Structure containing all the non-action (binary) options; filled in by
+ build_actions(). */
+struct _optflags {
+ int pflag;
+ int rflag;
+ int Eflag;
+};
+
static int find_compact __P((char *));
static int find_compopt __P((char *));
-static int build_actions __P((WORD_LIST *, int *, int *, unsigned long *, unsigned long *));
+static int build_actions __P((WORD_LIST *, struct _optflags *, unsigned long *, unsigned long *));
static int remove_cmd_completions __P((WORD_LIST *));
*/
static int
-build_actions (list, pp, rp, actp, optp)
+build_actions (list, flagp, actp, optp)
WORD_LIST *list;
- int *pp, *rp;
+ struct _optflags *flagp;
unsigned long *actp, *optp;
{
int opt, ind, opt_given;
opt_given = 0;
reset_internal_getopt ();
- while ((opt = internal_getopt (list, "abcdefgjko:prsuvA:G:W:P:S:X:F:C:")) != -1)
+ while ((opt = internal_getopt (list, "abcdefgjko:prsuvA:G:W:P:S:X:F:C:E")) != -1)
{
opt_given = 1;
switch (opt)
{
case 'r':
- if (rp)
+ if (flagp)
{
- *rp = 1;
+ flagp->rflag = 1;
break;
}
else
}
case 'p':
- if (pp)
+ if (flagp)
{
- *pp = 1;
+ flagp->pflag = 1;
break;
}
else
case 'C':
Carg = list_optarg;
break;
+ case 'E':
+ if (flagp)
+ {
+ flagp->Eflag = 1;
+ break;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ sh_invalidopt ("-E");
+ builtin_usage ();
+ return (EX_USAGE);
+ }
case 'F':
Farg = list_optarg;
break;
complete_builtin (list)
WORD_LIST *list;
{
- int opt_given, pflag, rflag, rval;
+ int opt_given, rval;
unsigned long acts, copts;
COMPSPEC *cs;
+ struct _optflags oflags;
+ WORD_LIST *l, *wl;
if (list == 0)
{
return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
}
- opt_given = pflag = rflag = 0;
+ oflags.pflag = oflags.rflag = oflags.Eflag = 0;
+
acts = copts = (unsigned long)0L;
Garg = Warg = Parg = Sarg = Xarg = Farg = Carg = (char *)NULL;
cs = (COMPSPEC *)NULL;
/* Build the actions from the arguments. Also sets the [A-Z]arg variables
as a side effect if they are supplied as options. */
- rval = build_actions (list, &pflag, &rflag, &acts, &copts);
+ rval = build_actions (list, &oflags, &acts, &copts);
if (rval == EX_USAGE)
return (rval);
opt_given = rval != EXECUTION_FAILURE;
list = loptend;
+ wl = oflags.Eflag ? make_word_list (make_bare_word ("_EmptycmD_"), (WORD_LIST *)NULL) : 0;
+
/* -p overrides everything else */
- if (pflag || (list == 0 && opt_given == 0))
+ if (oflags.pflag || (list == 0 && opt_given == 0))
{
- if (list == 0)
+ if (wl)
+ {
+ rval = print_cmd_completions (wl);
+ dispose_words (wl);
+ return rval;
+ }
+ else if (list == 0)
{
print_all_completions ();
return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
}
/* next, -r overrides everything else. */
- if (rflag)
+ if (oflags.rflag)
{
- if (list == 0)
+ if (wl)
+ {
+ rval = remove_cmd_completions (wl);
+ dispose_words (wl);
+ return rval;
+ }
+ else if (list == 0)
{
progcomp_flush ();
return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
return (remove_cmd_completions (list));
}
- if (list == 0 && opt_given)
+ if (wl == 0 && list == 0 && opt_given)
{
builtin_usage ();
return (EX_USAGE);
cs->command = STRDUP (Carg);
cs->filterpat = STRDUP (Xarg);
- for (rval = EXECUTION_SUCCESS ; list; list = list->next)
+ for (rval = EXECUTION_SUCCESS, l = wl ? wl : list ; l; l = l->next)
{
/* Add CS as the compspec for the specified commands. */
- if (progcomp_insert (list->word->word, cs) == 0)
+ if (progcomp_insert (l->word->word, cs) == 0)
rval = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
}
+ dispose_words (wl);
return (rval);
}
$DEPENDS_ON PROGRAMMABLE_COMPLETION
$FUNCTION compgen_builtin
$SHORT_DOC compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] [-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [word]
-Display the possible completions depending on the options.
+Display possible completions depending on the options.
Intended to be used from within a shell function generating possible
completions. If the optional WORD argument is supplied, matches against
WORD are generated.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or an error occurs.
$END
int
/* Build the actions from the arguments. Also sets the [A-Z]arg variables
as a side effect if they are supplied as options. */
- rval = build_actions (list, (int *)NULL, (int *)NULL, &acts, &copts);
+ rval = build_actions (list, (struct _optflags *)NULL, &acts, &copts);
if (rval == EX_USAGE)
return (rval);
if (rval == EXECUTION_FAILURE)
are supplied, compopt must be called by a function currently generating
completions, and the options for that currently-executing completion
generator are modified.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or NAME does not
+have a completion specification defined.
$END
int
compopt_builtin (list)
WORD_LIST *list;
{
- int opts_on, opts_off, *opts, opt, oind, ret;
+ int opts_on, opts_off, *opts, opt, oind, ret, Eflag;
WORD_LIST *l;
COMPSPEC *cs;
$BUILTIN declare
$FUNCTION declare_builtin
$SHORT_DOC declare [-afFirtx] [-p] [name[=value] ...]
+Set variable values and attributes.
+
Declare variables and give them attributes. If no NAMEs are given,
display the attributes and values of all variables.
When used in a function, `declare' makes NAMEs local, as with the `local'
command.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or an error occurs.
$END
$BUILTIN typeset
$FUNCTION declare_builtin
$SHORT_DOC typeset [-afFirtx] [-p] name[=value] ...
+Set variable values and attributes.
+
Obsolete. See `help declare'.
$END
$BUILTIN local
$FUNCTION local_builtin
$SHORT_DOC local [option] name[=value] ...
+Define local variables.
+
Create a local variable called NAME, and give it VALUE. OPTION can
be any option accepted by `declare'.
Local variables can only be used within a function; they are visible
only to the function where they are defined and its children.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied, an error occurs,
+or the shell is not executing a function.
$END
int
local_builtin (list)
{
int vlen;
vlen = STRLEN (value);
-#if 0
- if (value[0] == '(' && strchr (value, ')'))
-#else
+
if (value[0] == '(' && value[vlen-1] == ')')
-#endif
compound_array_assign = 1;
else
simple_array_assign = 1;
$BUILTIN declare
$FUNCTION declare_builtin
$SHORT_DOC declare [-afFirtx] [-p] [name[=value] ...]
+Set variable values and attributes.
+
Declare variables and give them attributes. If no NAMEs are given,
display the attributes and values of all variables.
When used in a function, `declare' makes NAMEs local, as with the `local'
command.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or an error occurs.
$END
$BUILTIN typeset
$FUNCTION declare_builtin
$SHORT_DOC typeset [-afFirtx] [-p] name[=value] ...
+Set variable values and attributes.
+
Obsolete. See `help declare'.
$END
$BUILTIN local
$FUNCTION local_builtin
$SHORT_DOC local [option] name[=value] ...
+Define local variables.
+
Create a local variable called NAME, and give it VALUE. OPTION can
be any option accepted by `declare'.
Local variables can only be used within a function; they are visible
only to the function where they are defined and its children.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied, an error occurs,
+or the shell is not executing a function.
$END
int
local_builtin (list)
}
}
else if (pflag && (flags_on == 0 || flags_on == att_function))
- {
- show_all_var_attributes (flags_on == 0, nodefs);
- }
+ show_all_var_attributes (flags_on == 0, nodefs);
else if (flags_on == 0)
return (set_builtin ((WORD_LIST *)NULL));
else
$FUNCTION echo_builtin
$DEPENDS_ON V9_ECHO
$SHORT_DOC echo [-neE] [arg ...]
+Write arguments to the standard output.
+
Display the ARGs on the standard output followed by a newline.
Options:
0 to 3 octal digits
\xHH the eight-bit character whose value is HH (hexadecimal). HH
can be one or two hex digits
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless a write error occurs.
$END
$BUILTIN echo
$FUNCTION echo_builtin
$DEPENDS_ON !V9_ECHO
$SHORT_DOC echo [-n] [arg ...]
+Write arguments to the standard output.
+
Display the ARGs on the standard output followed by a newline.
Options:
-n do not append a newline
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless a write error occurs.
$END
#if defined (V9_ECHO)
$FUNCTION echo_builtin
$DEPENDS_ON V9_ECHO
$SHORT_DOC echo [-neE] [arg ...]
-Display each ARG on the standard output.
+Write arguments to the standard output.
+
+Display the ARGs on the standard output followed by a newline.
Options:
- -n do not append a trailing newline
+ -n do not append a newline
-e enable interpretation of the following backslash escapes
-E explicitly suppress interpretation of backslash escapes
0 to 3 octal digits
\xHH the eight-bit character whose value is HH (hexadecimal). HH
can be one or two hex digits
-
$END
$BUILTIN echo
$FUNCTION echo_builtin
$DEPENDS_ON !V9_ECHO
$SHORT_DOC echo [-n] [arg ...]
-Display each ARG on the standard output.
+Display the ARGs on the standard output followed by a newline.
Options:
- -n do not append a trailing newline
+ -n do not append a newline
$END
#if defined (V9_ECHO)
$BUILTIN enable
$FUNCTION enable_builtin
$SHORT_DOC enable [-a] [-dnps] [-f filename] [name ...]
+Enable and disable shell builtins.
+
Enables and disables builtin shell commands. Disabling allows you to
execute a disk command which has the same name as a shell builtin
without using a full pathname.
To use the `test' found in $PATH instead of the shell builtin
version, type `enable -n test'.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless NAME is not a shell builtin or an error occurs.
$END
#include <config.h>
$BUILTIN enable
$FUNCTION enable_builtin
$SHORT_DOC enable [-a] [-dnps] [-f filename] [name ...]
+Enable and disable shell builtins.
+
Enables and disables builtin shell commands. Disabling allows you to
execute a disk command which has the same name as a shell builtin
without using a full pathname.
Options:
-
-a print a list of builtins showing whether or not each is enabled
-n disable each NAME or display a list of disabled builtins
-p print the list of builtins in a reusable format
-s print only the names of Posix `special' builtins
Options controlling dynamic loading:
-
-f Load builtin NAME from shared object FILENAME
-d Remove a builtin loaded with -f
$BUILTIN eval
$FUNCTION eval_builtin
$SHORT_DOC eval [arg ...]
+Execute arguments as a shell command.
+
Combine ARGs into a single string, use the result as input to the shell,
and execute the resulting commands.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns exit status of command or success if command is null.
$END
#include <config.h>
This file is eval.def, from which is created eval.c.
It implements the builtin "eval" in Bash.
-Copyright (C) 1987-2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright (C) 1987-2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
$BUILTIN eval
$FUNCTION eval_builtin
$SHORT_DOC eval [arg ...]
-Read ARGs as input to the shell and execute the resulting command(s).
+Execute arguments as a shell command.
+
+Combine ARGs into a single string, use the result as input to the shell,
+and execute the resulting commands.
$END
#include <config.h>
run_unwind_frame ("parse_and_execute_top");
}
+static void
+set_history_remembering ()
+{
+ remember_on_history = enable_history_list;
+}
+
/* Parse and execute the commands in STRING. Returns whatever
execute_command () returns. This frees STRING. FLAGS is a
flags word; look in common.h for the possible values. Actions
lreset = flags & SEVAL_RESETLINE;
#if defined (HISTORY)
- unwind_protect_int (remember_on_history); /* can be used in scripts */
+ if (parse_and_execute_level == 0)
+ add_unwind_protect (set_history_remembering, (char *)NULL);
+ else
+ unwind_protect_int (remember_on_history);
# if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
if (interactive_shell)
{
--- /dev/null
+/* Evaluate a string as one or more shell commands.
+
+ Copyright (C) 1996-2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+ This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+
+ Bash is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+ the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
+ Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any later
+ version.
+
+ Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
+ WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
+ for more details.
+
+ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
+ with Bash; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free Software
+ Foundation, 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111 USA. */
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+#if defined (HAVE_UNISTD_H)
+# ifdef _MINIX
+# include <sys/types.h>
+# endif
+# include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+
+#include <errno.h>
+
+#include "filecntl.h"
+#include "../bashansi.h"
+
+#include "../shell.h"
+#include "../jobs.h"
+#include "../builtins.h"
+#include "../flags.h"
+#include "../input.h"
+#include "../execute_cmd.h"
+#include "../redir.h"
+#include "../trap.h"
+
+#if defined (HISTORY)
+# include "../bashhist.h"
+#endif
+
+#include "common.h"
+
+#if !defined (errno)
+extern int errno;
+#endif
+
+#define IS_BUILTIN(s) (builtin_address_internal(s, 0) != (struct builtin *)NULL)
+
+extern int indirection_level, subshell_environment;
+extern int line_number;
+extern int last_command_exit_value;
+extern int running_trap;
+extern int loop_level;
+extern int posixly_correct;
+
+int parse_and_execute_level = 0;
+
+static int cat_file __P((REDIRECT *));
+
+/* How to force parse_and_execute () to clean up after itself. */
+void
+parse_and_execute_cleanup ()
+{
+ if (running_trap)
+ {
+ run_trap_cleanup (running_trap - 1);
+ unfreeze_jobs_list ();
+ }
+ run_unwind_frame ("parse_and_execute_top");
+}
+
+static void
+set_history_remembering ()
+{
+ remember_on_history = enable_history_list;
+}
+
+/* Parse and execute the commands in STRING. Returns whatever
+ execute_command () returns. This frees STRING. FLAGS is a
+ flags word; look in common.h for the possible values. Actions
+ are:
+ (flags & SEVAL_NONINT) -> interactive = 0;
+ (flags & SEVAL_INTERACT) -> interactive = 1;
+ (flags & SEVAL_NOHIST) -> call bash_history_disable ()
+ (flags & SEVAL_NOFREE) -> don't free STRING when finished
+ (flags & SEVAL_RESETLINE) -> reset line_number to 1
+*/
+
+int
+parse_and_execute (string, from_file, flags)
+ char *string;
+ const char *from_file;
+ int flags;
+{
+ int code, x, lreset;
+ volatile int should_jump_to_top_level, last_result;
+ char *orig_string;
+ COMMAND *volatile command;
+
+ orig_string = string;
+ /* Unwind protect this invocation of parse_and_execute (). */
+ begin_unwind_frame ("parse_and_execute_top");
+ unwind_protect_int (parse_and_execute_level);
+ unwind_protect_jmp_buf (top_level);
+ unwind_protect_int (indirection_level);
+ unwind_protect_int (line_number);
+ unwind_protect_int (loop_level);
+ if (flags & (SEVAL_NONINT|SEVAL_INTERACT))
+ unwind_protect_int (interactive);
+
+ lreset = flags & SEVAL_RESETLINE;
+
+#if defined (HISTORY)
+ add_unwind_protect (set_history_remembering, (char *)NULL);
+# if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
+ if (interactive_shell)
+ {
+ unwind_protect_int (history_expansion_inhibited);
+ }
+# endif /* BANG_HISTORY */
+#endif /* HISTORY */
+
+ if (interactive_shell)
+ {
+ x = get_current_prompt_level ();
+ add_unwind_protect (set_current_prompt_level, x);
+ }
+
+ add_unwind_protect (pop_stream, (char *)NULL);
+ if (orig_string && ((flags & SEVAL_NOFREE) == 0))
+ add_unwind_protect (xfree, orig_string);
+ end_unwind_frame ();
+
+ parse_and_execute_level++;
+
+ /* Reset the line number if the caller wants us to. If we don't reset the
+ line number, we have to subtract one, because we will add one just
+ before executing the next command (resetting the line number sets it to
+ 0; the first line number is 1). */
+ push_stream (lreset);
+ if (lreset == 0)
+ line_number--;
+
+ indirection_level++;
+ if (flags & (SEVAL_NONINT|SEVAL_INTERACT))
+ interactive = (flags & SEVAL_NONINT) ? 0 : 1;
+
+#if defined (HISTORY)
+ if (flags & SEVAL_NOHIST)
+ bash_history_disable ();
+#endif /* HISTORY */
+
+ code = should_jump_to_top_level = 0;
+ last_result = EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
+
+ with_input_from_string (string, from_file);
+ while (*(bash_input.location.string))
+ {
+ command = (COMMAND *)NULL;
+
+ if (interrupt_state)
+ {
+ last_result = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ /* Provide a location for functions which `longjmp (top_level)' to
+ jump to. This prevents errors in substitution from restarting
+ the reader loop directly, for example. */
+ code = setjmp (top_level);
+
+ if (code)
+ {
+ should_jump_to_top_level = 0;
+ switch (code)
+ {
+ case FORCE_EOF:
+ case ERREXIT:
+ case EXITPROG:
+ if (command)
+ run_unwind_frame ("pe_dispose");
+ /* Remember to call longjmp (top_level) after the old
+ value for it is restored. */
+ should_jump_to_top_level = 1;
+ goto out;
+
+ case DISCARD:
+ if (command)
+ run_unwind_frame ("pe_dispose");
+ last_result = last_command_exit_value = EXECUTION_FAILURE; /* XXX */
+ if (subshell_environment)
+ {
+ should_jump_to_top_level = 1;
+ goto out;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+#if 0
+ dispose_command (command); /* pe_dispose does this */
+#endif
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ default:
+ command_error ("parse_and_execute", CMDERR_BADJUMP, code, 0);
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (parse_command () == 0)
+ {
+ if (interactive_shell == 0 && read_but_dont_execute)
+ {
+ last_result = EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
+ dispose_command (global_command);
+ global_command = (COMMAND *)NULL;
+ }
+ else if (command = global_command)
+ {
+ struct fd_bitmap *bitmap;
+
+ bitmap = new_fd_bitmap (FD_BITMAP_SIZE);
+ begin_unwind_frame ("pe_dispose");
+ add_unwind_protect (dispose_fd_bitmap, bitmap);
+ add_unwind_protect (dispose_command, command); /* XXX */
+
+ global_command = (COMMAND *)NULL;
+
+#if defined (ONESHOT)
+ /*
+ * IF
+ * we were invoked as `bash -c' (startup_state == 2) AND
+ * parse_and_execute has not been called recursively AND
+ * we're not running a trap AND
+ * we have parsed the full command (string == '\0') AND
+ * we have a simple command without redirections AND
+ * the command is not being timed AND
+ * the command's return status is not being inverted
+ * THEN
+ * tell the execution code that we don't need to fork
+ */
+ if (startup_state == 2 && parse_and_execute_level == 1 &&
+ running_trap == 0 &&
+ *bash_input.location.string == '\0' &&
+ command->type == cm_simple &&
+ !command->redirects && !command->value.Simple->redirects &&
+ ((command->flags & CMD_TIME_PIPELINE) == 0) &&
+ ((command->flags & CMD_INVERT_RETURN) == 0))
+ {
+ command->flags |= CMD_NO_FORK;
+ command->value.Simple->flags |= CMD_NO_FORK;
+ }
+#endif /* ONESHOT */
+
+ /* See if this is a candidate for $( <file ). */
+ if (startup_state == 2 &&
+ (subshell_environment & SUBSHELL_COMSUB) &&
+ *bash_input.location.string == '\0' &&
+ command->type == cm_simple && !command->redirects &&
+ (command->flags & CMD_TIME_PIPELINE) == 0 &&
+ command->value.Simple->words == 0 &&
+ command->value.Simple->redirects &&
+ command->value.Simple->redirects->next == 0 &&
+ command->value.Simple->redirects->instruction == r_input_direction)
+ {
+ int r;
+ r = cat_file (command->value.Simple->redirects);
+ last_result = (r < 0) ? EXECUTION_FAILURE : EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
+ }
+ else
+ last_result = execute_command_internal
+ (command, 0, NO_PIPE, NO_PIPE, bitmap);
+
+ dispose_command (command);
+ dispose_fd_bitmap (bitmap);
+ discard_unwind_frame ("pe_dispose");
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ last_result = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
+
+ /* Since we are shell compatible, syntax errors in a script
+ abort the execution of the script. Right? */
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ out:
+
+ run_unwind_frame ("parse_and_execute_top");
+
+ if (interrupt_state && parse_and_execute_level == 0)
+ {
+ /* An interrupt during non-interactive execution in an
+ interactive shell (e.g. via $PROMPT_COMMAND) should
+ not cause the shell to exit. */
+ interactive = interactive_shell;
+ throw_to_top_level ();
+ }
+
+ if (should_jump_to_top_level)
+ jump_to_top_level (code);
+
+ return (last_result);
+}
+
+/* Handle a $( < file ) command substitution. This expands the filename,
+ returning errors as appropriate, then just cats the file to the standard
+ output. */
+static int
+cat_file (r)
+ REDIRECT *r;
+{
+ char *fn;
+ int fd, rval;
+
+ if (r->instruction != r_input_direction)
+ return -1;
+
+ /* Get the filename. */
+ if (posixly_correct && !interactive_shell)
+ disallow_filename_globbing++;
+ fn = redirection_expand (r->redirectee.filename);
+ if (posixly_correct && !interactive_shell)
+ disallow_filename_globbing--;
+
+ if (fn == 0)
+ {
+ redirection_error (r, AMBIGUOUS_REDIRECT);
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ fd = open(fn, O_RDONLY);
+ if (fd < 0)
+ {
+ file_error (fn);
+ free (fn);
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ rval = zcatfd (fd, 1, fn);
+
+ free (fn);
+ close (fd);
+
+ return (rval);
+}
$BUILTIN exec
$FUNCTION exec_builtin
$SHORT_DOC exec [-cl] [-a name] [command [arguments ...]] [redirection ...]
+Replace the shell with the given command.
+
Execute COMMAND, replacing this shell with the specified program.
ARGUMENTS become the arguments to COMMAND. If COMMAND is not specified,
any redirections take effect in the current shell.
If the command cannot be executed, a non-interactive shell exits, unless
the shell option `execfail' is set.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless COMMAND is not found or a redirection error occurs.
$END
#include <config.h>
$BUILTIN exec
$FUNCTION exec_builtin
$SHORT_DOC exec [-cl] [-a name] [command [arguments ...]] [redirection ...]
+Replace the shell with the given command.
+
Execute COMMAND, replacing this shell with the specified program.
ARGUMENTS become the arguments to COMMAND. If COMMAND is not specified,
any redirections take effect in the current shell.
Options:
-
-a name pass NAME as the zeroth argument to COMMAND
-c execute COMMAND with an empty environment
-l place a dash in the zeroth argument to COMMAND
$BUILTIN exit
$FUNCTION exit_builtin
$SHORT_DOC exit [n]
+Exit the shell.
+
Exits the shell with a status of N. If N is omitted, the exit status
is that of the last command executed.
$END
$BUILTIN logout
$FUNCTION logout_builtin
-$SHORT_DOC logout
-Exits a login shell. Returns an error if not executed in a login shell.
+$SHORT_DOC logout [n]
+Exit a login shell.
+
+Exits a login shell with exit status N. Returns an error if not executed
+in a login shell.
$END
/* How to logout. */
This file is exit.def, from which is created exit.c.
It implements the builtins "exit", and "logout" in Bash.
-Copyright (C) 1987-2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright (C) 1987-2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
$BUILTIN exit
$FUNCTION exit_builtin
$SHORT_DOC exit [n]
-Exit the shell with a status of N. If N is omitted, the exit status
+Exit the shell.
+
+Exits the shell with a status of N. If N is omitted, the exit status
is that of the last command executed.
$END
$BUILTIN logout
$FUNCTION logout_builtin
-$SHORT_DOC logout
-Logout of a login shell.
+$SHORT_DOC logout [n]
+Exit a login shell.
+
+Exits a login shell with exit status N. Returns an error if not executed
+in a login shell.
$END
/* How to logout. */
$FUNCTION fc_builtin
$DEPENDS_ON HISTORY
$SHORT_DOC fc [-e ename] [-lnr] [first] [last] or fc -s [pat=rep] [command]
+Display or execute commands from the history list.
+
fc is used to list or edit and re-execute commands from the history list.
FIRST and LAST can be numbers specifying the range, or FIRST can be a
string, which means the most recent command beginning with that
A useful alias to use with this is r='fc -s', so that typing `r cc'
runs the last command beginning with `cc' and typing `r' re-executes
the last command.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success or status of executed command; non-zero if an error occurs.
$END
#include <config.h>
$FUNCTION fc_builtin
$DEPENDS_ON HISTORY
$SHORT_DOC fc [-e ename] [-lnr] [first] [last] or fc -s [pat=rep] [command]
+Display or execute commands from the history list.
+
fc is used to list or edit and re-execute commands from the history list.
FIRST and LAST can be numbers specifying the range, or FIRST can be a
string, which means the most recent command beginning with that
line was actually added (HISTIGNORE may have caused it to not be),
so we check hist_last_line_added. */
- /* "When not listing, the fc command that caused the editing shall not be
- entered into the history list." */
- if (listing == 0 && hist_last_line_added)
- delete_last_history ();
-
last_hist = i - remember_on_history - hist_last_line_added;
if (list)
histbeg = histend = last_hist;
}
+ /* "When not listing, the fc command that caused the editing shall not be
+ entered into the history list." */
+ if (listing == 0 && hist_last_line_added)
+ delete_last_history ();
+
/* We print error messages for line specifications out of range. */
if ((histbeg < 0) || (histend < 0))
{
$FUNCTION fg_builtin
$DEPENDS_ON JOB_CONTROL
$SHORT_DOC fg [job_spec]
+Move job to the foreground.
+
Place the job identified by JOB_SPEC in the foreground, making it the
current job. If JOB_SPEC is not present, the shell's notion of the
current job is used.
+
+Exit Status:
+Status of command placed in foreground, or failure if an error occurs.
$END
#include <config.h>
$FUNCTION bg_builtin
$DEPENDS_ON JOB_CONTROL
$SHORT_DOC bg [job_spec ...]
+Move jobs to the background.
+
Place the jobs identified by each JOB_SPEC in the background, as if they
had been started with `&'. If JOB_SPEC is not present, the shell's notion
of the current job is used.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless job control is not enabled or an error occurs.
$END
#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
$FUNCTION fg_builtin
$DEPENDS_ON JOB_CONTROL
$SHORT_DOC fg [job_spec]
+Move job to the foreground.
+
Place the job identified by JOB_SPEC in the foreground, making it the
-current job. If JOB_SPEC is not present, the shell's notion of the current
-job is used.
+current job. If JOB_SPEC is not present, the shell's notion of the
+current job is used.
$END
#include <config.h>
$FUNCTION bg_builtin
$DEPENDS_ON JOB_CONTROL
$SHORT_DOC bg [job_spec ...]
+Move jobs to the background.
+
Place the jobs identified by each JOB_SPEC in the background, as if they
had been started with `&'. If JOB_SPEC is not present, the shell's notion
of the current job is used.
$BUILTIN getopts
$FUNCTION getopts_builtin
$SHORT_DOC getopts optstring name [arg]
-Getopts is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters.
+Parse option arguments.
+
+Getopts is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters
+as options.
OPTSTRING contains the option letters to be recognized; if a letter
is followed by a colon, the option is expected to have an argument,
Getopts normally parses the positional parameters ($0 - $9), but if
more arguments are given, they are parsed instead.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success if an option is found; fails if the end of options is
+encountered or an error occurs.
$END
#include <config.h>
--- /dev/null
+This file is getopts.def, from which is created getopts.c.
+It implements the builtin "getopts" in Bash.
+
+Copyright (C) 1987-2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+
+Bash is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
+Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any later
+version.
+
+Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
+WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
+for more details.
+
+You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
+with Bash; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free Software
+Foundation, 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
+
+$PRODUCES getopts.c
+
+$BUILTIN getopts
+$FUNCTION getopts_builtin
+$SHORT_DOC getopts optstring name [arg]
+Parse option arguments.
+
+Getopts is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters
+as options.
+
+OPTSTRING contains the option letters to be recognized; if a letter
+is followed by a colon, the option is expected to have an argument,
+which should be separated from it by white space.
+
+Each time it is invoked, getopts will place the next option in the
+shell variable $name, initializing name if it does not exist, and
+the index of the next argument to be processed into the shell
+variable OPTIND. OPTIND is initialized to 1 each time the shell or
+a shell script is invoked. When an option requires an argument,
+getopts places that argument into the shell variable OPTARG.
+
+getopts reports errors in one of two ways. If the first character
+of OPTSTRING is a colon, getopts uses silent error reporting. In
+this mode, no error messages are printed. If an invalid option is
+seen, getopts places the option character found into OPTARG. If a
+required argument is not found, getopts places a ':' into NAME and
+sets OPTARG to the option character found. If getopts is not in
+silent mode, and an invalid option is seen, getopts places '?' into
+NAME and unsets OPTARG. If a required argument is not found, a '?'
+is placed in NAME, OPTARG is unset, and a diagnostic message is
+printed.
+
+If the shell variable OPTERR has the value 0, getopts disables the
+printing of error messages, even if the first character of
+OPTSTRING is not a colon. OPTERR has the value 1 by default.
+
+Getopts normally parses the positional parameters ($0 - $9), but if
+more arguments are given, they are parsed instead.
+$END
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#if defined (HAVE_UNISTD_H)
+# ifdef _MINIX
+# include <sys/types.h>
+# endif
+# include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "../bashansi.h"
+
+#include "../shell.h"
+#include "common.h"
+#include "bashgetopt.h"
+#include "getopt.h"
+
+#define G_EOF -1
+#define G_INVALID_OPT -2
+#define G_ARG_MISSING -3
+
+extern char *this_command_name;
+
+static int getopts_bind_variable __P((char *, char *));
+static int dogetopts __P((int, char **));
+
+/* getopts_reset is magic code for when OPTIND is reset. N is the
+ value that has just been assigned to OPTIND. */
+void
+getopts_reset (newind)
+ int newind;
+{
+ sh_optind = newind;
+ sh_badopt = 0;
+}
+
+static int
+getopts_bind_variable (name, value)
+ char *name, *value;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *v;
+
+ if (legal_identifier (name))
+ {
+ v = bind_variable (name, value, 0);
+ return (v && (readonly_p (v) == 0)) ? EXECUTION_SUCCESS : EXECUTION_FAILURE;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ sh_invalidid (name);
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ }
+}
+
+/* Error handling is now performed as specified by Posix.2, draft 11
+ (identical to that of ksh-88). The special handling is enabled if
+ the first character of the option string is a colon; this handling
+ disables diagnostic messages concerning missing option arguments
+ and invalid option characters. The handling is as follows.
+
+ INVALID OPTIONS:
+ name -> "?"
+ if (special_error) then
+ OPTARG = option character found
+ no error output
+ else
+ OPTARG unset
+ diagnostic message
+ fi
+
+ MISSING OPTION ARGUMENT;
+ if (special_error) then
+ name -> ":"
+ OPTARG = option character found
+ else
+ name -> "?"
+ OPTARG unset
+ diagnostic message
+ fi
+ */
+
+static int
+dogetopts (argc, argv)
+ int argc;
+ char **argv;
+{
+ int ret, special_error, old_opterr, i, n;
+ char strval[2], numval[16];
+ char *optstr; /* list of options */
+ char *name; /* variable to get flag val */
+ char *t;
+
+ if (argc < 3)
+ {
+ builtin_usage ();
+ return (EX_USAGE);
+ }
+
+ /* argv[0] is "getopts". */
+
+ optstr = argv[1];
+ name = argv[2];
+ argc -= 2;
+ argv += 2;
+
+ special_error = optstr[0] == ':';
+
+ if (special_error)
+ {
+ old_opterr = sh_opterr;
+ optstr++;
+ sh_opterr = 0; /* suppress diagnostic messages */
+ }
+
+ if (argc > 1)
+ {
+ sh_getopt_restore_state (argv);
+ t = argv[0];
+ argv[0] = dollar_vars[0];
+ ret = sh_getopt (argc, argv, optstr);
+ argv[0] = t;
+ }
+ else if (rest_of_args == (WORD_LIST *)NULL)
+ {
+ for (i = 0; i < 10 && dollar_vars[i]; i++)
+ ;
+
+ sh_getopt_restore_state (dollar_vars);
+ ret = sh_getopt (i, dollar_vars, optstr);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ register WORD_LIST *words;
+ char **v;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < 10 && dollar_vars[i]; i++)
+ ;
+ for (words = rest_of_args; words; words = words->next, i++)
+ ;
+ v = strvec_create (i + 1);
+ for (i = 0; i < 10 && dollar_vars[i]; i++)
+ v[i] = dollar_vars[i];
+ for (words = rest_of_args; words; words = words->next, i++)
+ v[i] = words->word->word;
+ v[i] = (char *)NULL;
+ sh_getopt_restore_state (v);
+ ret = sh_getopt (i, v, optstr);
+ free (v);
+ }
+
+ if (special_error)
+ sh_opterr = old_opterr;
+
+ /* Set the OPTIND variable in any case, to handle "--" skipping. It's
+ highly unlikely that 14 digits will be too few. */
+ if (sh_optind < 10)
+ {
+ numval[14] = sh_optind + '0';
+ numval[15] = '\0';
+ i = 14;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ numval[i = 15] = '\0';
+ n = sh_optind;
+ do
+ {
+ numval[--i] = (n % 10) + '0';
+ }
+ while (n /= 10);
+ }
+ bind_variable ("OPTIND", numval + i, 0);
+
+ /* If an error occurred, decide which one it is and set the return
+ code appropriately. In all cases, the option character in error
+ is in OPTOPT. If an invalid option was encountered, OPTARG is
+ NULL. If a required option argument was missing, OPTARG points
+ to a NULL string (that is, sh_optarg[0] == 0). */
+ if (ret == '?')
+ {
+ if (sh_optarg == NULL)
+ ret = G_INVALID_OPT;
+ else if (sh_optarg[0] == '\0')
+ ret = G_ARG_MISSING;
+ }
+
+ if (ret == G_EOF)
+ {
+ unbind_variable ("OPTARG");
+ getopts_bind_variable (name, "?");
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ }
+
+ if (ret == G_INVALID_OPT)
+ {
+ /* Invalid option encountered. */
+ ret = getopts_bind_variable (name, "?");
+
+ if (special_error)
+ {
+ strval[0] = (char)sh_optopt;
+ strval[1] = '\0';
+ bind_variable ("OPTARG", strval, 0);
+ }
+ else
+ unbind_variable ("OPTARG");
+
+ return (ret);
+ }
+
+ if (ret == G_ARG_MISSING)
+ {
+ /* Required argument missing. */
+ if (special_error)
+ {
+ ret = getopts_bind_variable (name, ":");
+
+ strval[0] = (char)sh_optopt;
+ strval[1] = '\0';
+ bind_variable ("OPTARG", strval, 0);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ ret = getopts_bind_variable (name, "?");
+ unbind_variable ("OPTARG");
+ }
+ return (ret);
+ }
+
+ bind_variable ("OPTARG", sh_optarg, 0);
+
+ strval[0] = (char) ret;
+ strval[1] = '\0';
+ return (getopts_bind_variable (name, strval));
+}
+
+/* The getopts builtin. Build an argv, and call dogetopts with it. */
+int
+getopts_builtin (list)
+ WORD_LIST *list;
+{
+ char **av;
+ int ac, ret;
+
+ if (list == 0)
+ {
+ builtin_usage ();
+ return EX_USAGE;
+ }
+
+ reset_internal_getopt ();
+ if (internal_getopt (list, "") != -1)
+ {
+ builtin_usage ();
+ return (EX_USAGE);
+ }
+ list = loptend;
+
+ av = make_builtin_argv (list, &ac);
+ ret = dogetopts (ac, av);
+ free ((char *)av);
+
+ return (ret);
+}
$BUILTIN hash
$FUNCTION hash_builtin
$SHORT_DOC hash [-lr] [-p pathname] [-dt] [name ...]
+Remember or display program locations.
+
Determine and remember the full pathname of each command NAME. If
no arguments are given, information about remembered commands is displayed.
-t print the remembered location of each NAME, preceding
each location with the corresponding NAME if multiple
NAMEs are given
+Arguments:
+ NAME Each NAME is searched for in $PATH and added to the list
+ of remembered commands.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless NAME is not found or an invalid option is given.
$END
#include <config.h>
This file is hash.def, from which is created hash.c.
It implements the builtin "hash" in Bash.
-Copyright (C) 1987-2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright (C) 1987-2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
$BUILTIN hash
$FUNCTION hash_builtin
$SHORT_DOC hash [-lr] [-p pathname] [-dt] [name ...]
-For each NAME, the full pathname of the command is determined and
-remembered. If the -p option is supplied, PATHNAME is used as the
-full pathname of NAME, and no path search is performed. The -r
-option causes the shell to forget all remembered locations. The -d
-option causes the shell to forget the remembered location of each NAME.
-If the -t option is supplied the full pathname to which each NAME
-corresponds is printed. If multiple NAME arguments are supplied with
--t, the NAME is printed before the hashed full pathname. The -l option
-causes output to be displayed in a format that may be reused as input.
-If no arguments are given, information about remembered commands is displayed.
+Remember or display program locations.
+
+Determine and remember the full pathname of each command NAME. If
+no arguments are given, information about remembered commands is displayed.
+
+Options:
+ -d forget the remembered location of each NAME
+ -l display in a format that may be reused as input
+ -p pathname use PATHNAME is the full pathname of NAME
+ -r forget all remembered locations
+ -t print the remembered location of each NAME, preceding
+ each location with the corresponding NAME if multiple
+ NAMEs are given
+Arguments:
+ NAME Each NAME is searched for in $PATH and added to the list
+ of remembered commands.
$END
#include <config.h>
$BUILTIN help
$FUNCTION help_builtin
$DEPENDS_ON HELP_BUILTIN
-$SHORT_DOC help [-s] [pattern ...]
-Displays brief information about builtin commands. If PATTERN is
+$SHORT_DOC help [-ds] [pattern ...]
+Display information about builtin commands.
+
+Displays brief summaries of builtin commands. If PATTERN is
specified, gives detailed help on all commands matching PATTERN,
otherwise the list of help topics is printed.
Options:
+ -d output short description for each topic
+ -m display usage in pseudo-manpage format
-s output only a short usage synopsis for each topic matching
PATTERN
+
+Arguments:
+ PATTERN Pattern specifiying a help topic
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless PATTERN is not found or an invalid option is given.
$END
#include <config.h>
#endif
static void show_builtin_command_help __P((void));
+static int open_helpfile __P((char *));
+static void show_desc __P((char *, int));
+static void show_manpage __P((char *, int));
static void show_longdoc __P((int));
/* Print out a list of the known functions in the shell, and what they do.
{
register int i;
char *pattern, *name;
- int plen, match_found, sflag;
+ int plen, match_found, sflag, dflag, mflag;
- sflag = 0;
+ dflag = sflag = mflag = 0;
reset_internal_getopt ();
- while ((i = internal_getopt (list, "s")) != -1)
+ while ((i = internal_getopt (list, "dms")) != -1)
{
switch (i)
{
+ case 'd':
+ dflag = 1;
+ break;
+ case 'm':
+ mflag = 1;
+ break;
case 's':
sflag = 1;
break;
if ((strncmp (pattern, name, plen) == 0) ||
(strmatch (pattern, name, FNMATCH_EXTFLAG) != FNM_NOMATCH))
{
+ match_found++;
+ if (dflag)
+ {
+ show_desc (name, i);
+ continue;
+ }
+ else if (mflag)
+ {
+ show_manpage (name, i);
+ continue;
+ }
+
printf ("%s: %s\n", name, shell_builtins[i].short_doc);
if (sflag == 0)
show_longdoc (i);
-
- match_found++;
}
}
}
return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
}
+static int
+open_helpfile (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ int fd;
+
+ fd = open (name, O_RDONLY);
+ if (fd == -1)
+ {
+ builtin_error (_("%s: cannot open: %s"), name, strerror (errno));
+ return -1;
+ }
+ return fd;
+}
+
/* By convention, enforced by mkbuiltins.c, if separate help files are being
used, the long_doc array contains one string -- the full pathname of the
help file for this builtin. */
if (doc && doc[0] && *doc[0] == '/' && doc[1] == (char *)NULL)
{
- fd = open (doc[0], O_RDONLY);
- if (fd == -1)
- {
- builtin_error (_("%s: cannot open: %s"), doc[0], strerror (errno));
- return;
- }
+ fd = open_helpfile (doc[0]);
+ if (fd < 0)
+ return;
zcatfd (fd, 1, doc[0]);
close (fd);
}
printf ("%*s%s\n", BASE_INDENT, " ", _(doc[j]));
}
+static void
+show_desc (name, i)
+ char *name;
+ int i;
+{
+ register int j;
+ char **doc, *line;
+ int fd, usefile;
+
+ doc = (char **)shell_builtins[i].long_doc;
+
+ usefile = (doc && doc[0] && *doc[0] == '/' && doc[1] == (char *)NULL);
+ if (usefile)
+ {
+ fd = open_helpfile (doc[0]);
+ if (fd < 0)
+ return;
+ zmapfd (fd, &line, doc[0]);
+ close (fd);
+ }
+ else
+ line = doc ? doc[0] : (char *)NULL;
+
+ printf ("%s - ", name);
+ for (j = 0; line && line[j]; j++)
+ {
+ putchar (line[j]);
+ if (line[j] == '\n')
+ break;
+ }
+
+ fflush (stdout);
+
+ if (usefile)
+ free (line);
+}
+
+/* Print builtin help in pseudo-manpage format. */
+static void
+show_manpage (name, i)
+ char *name;
+ int i;
+{
+ register int j;
+ char **doc, *line;
+ int fd, usefile;
+
+ doc = (char **)shell_builtins[i].long_doc;
+
+ usefile = (doc && doc[0] && *doc[0] == '/' && doc[1] == (char *)NULL);
+ if (usefile)
+ {
+ fd = open_helpfile (doc[0]);
+ if (fd < 0)
+ return;
+ zmapfd (fd, &line, doc[0]);
+ close (fd);
+ }
+ else
+ line = doc ? _(doc[0]) : (char *)NULL;
+
+ /* NAME */
+ printf ("NAME\n");
+ printf ("%*s%s - ", BASE_INDENT, " ", name);
+ for (j = 0; line && line[j]; j++)
+ {
+ putchar (line[j]);
+ if (line[j] == '\n')
+ break;
+ }
+ printf ("\n");
+
+ /* SYNOPSIS */
+ printf ("SYNOPSIS\n");
+ printf ("%*s%s\n\n", BASE_INDENT, " ", shell_builtins[i].short_doc);
+
+ /* DESCRIPTION */
+ printf ("DESCRIPTION\n");
+ if (usefile == 0)
+ {
+ for (j = 0; doc[j]; j++)
+ printf ("%*s%s\n", BASE_INDENT, " ", _(doc[j]));
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ for (j = 0; line && line[j]; j++)
+ {
+ putchar (line[j]);
+ if (line[j] == '\n')
+ printf ("%*s", BASE_INDENT, " ");
+ }
+ }
+ putchar ('\n');
+
+ /* SEE ALSO */
+ printf ("SEE ALSO\n");
+ printf ("%*sbash(1)\n\n", BASE_INDENT, " ");
+
+ /* IMPLEMENTATION */
+ printf ("IMPLEMENTATION\n");
+ printf ("%*s", BASE_INDENT, " ");
+ show_shell_version (0);
+ printf ("%*s", BASE_INDENT, " ");
+ printf (_("Copyright (C) 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\n"));
+ printf ("%*s", BASE_INDENT, " ");
+ printf (_("License: GNU General Public License, version 2\n"));
+
+ fflush (stdout);
+ if (usefile)
+ free (line);
+}
+
static void
show_builtin_command_help ()
{
$BUILTIN help
$FUNCTION help_builtin
$DEPENDS_ON HELP_BUILTIN
-$SHORT_DOC help [-s] [pattern ...]
-Displays brief information about builtin commands. If PATTERN is
+$SHORT_DOC help [-ds] [pattern ...]
+Display information about builtin commands.
+
+Displays brief summaries of builtin commands. If PATTERN is
specified, gives detailed help on all commands matching PATTERN,
otherwise the list of help topics is printed.
Options:
- -s output only a short usage synopsis for each topic matching PATTERN
+ -d output short description for each topic
+ -m display usage in pseudo-manpage format
+ -s output only a short usage synopsis for each topic matching
+ PATTERN
+
+Arguments:
+ PATTERN Pattern specifiying a help topic
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless PATTERN is not found or an invalid option is given.
$END
#include <config.h>
#endif
static void show_builtin_command_help __P((void));
+static int open_helpfile __P((char *));
+static void show_desc __P((char *, int));
+static void show_manpage __P((char *, int));
static void show_longdoc __P((int));
/* Print out a list of the known functions in the shell, and what they do.
{
register int i;
char *pattern, *name;
- int plen, match_found, sflag;
+ int plen, match_found, sflag, dflag, mflag;
- sflag = 0;
+ dflag = sflag = mflag = 0;
reset_internal_getopt ();
- while ((i = internal_getopt (list, "s")) != -1)
+ while ((i = internal_getopt (list, "dms")) != -1)
{
switch (i)
{
+ case 'd':
+ dflag = 1;
+ break;
+ case 'm':
+ mflag = 1;
+ break;
case 's':
sflag = 1;
break;
if ((strncmp (pattern, name, plen) == 0) ||
(strmatch (pattern, name, FNMATCH_EXTFLAG) != FNM_NOMATCH))
{
+ match_found++;
+ if (dflag)
+ {
+ show_desc (name, i);
+ continue;
+ }
+ else if (mflag)
+ {
+ show_manpage (name, i);
+ continue;
+ }
+
printf ("%s: %s\n", name, shell_builtins[i].short_doc);
if (sflag == 0)
show_longdoc (i);
-
- match_found++;
}
}
}
return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
}
+static int
+open_helpfile (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ int fd;
+
+ fd = open (name, O_RDONLY);
+ if (fd == -1)
+ {
+ builtin_error (_("%s: cannot open: %s"), name, strerror (errno));
+ return -1;
+ }
+ return fd;
+}
+
/* By convention, enforced by mkbuiltins.c, if separate help files are being
used, the long_doc array contains one string -- the full pathname of the
help file for this builtin. */
if (doc && doc[0] && *doc[0] == '/' && doc[1] == (char *)NULL)
{
- fd = open (doc[0], O_RDONLY);
- if (fd == -1)
- {
- builtin_error (_("%s: cannot open: %s"), doc[0], strerror (errno));
- return;
- }
+ fd = open_helpfile (doc[0]);
zcatfd (fd, 1, doc[0]);
close (fd);
}
printf ("%*s%s\n", BASE_INDENT, " ", _(doc[j]));
}
+static void
+show_desc (name, i)
+ char *name;
+ int i;
+{
+ register int j;
+ char **doc, *line;
+ int fd, usefile;
+
+ doc = (char **)shell_builtins[i].long_doc;
+
+ usefile = (doc && doc[0] && *doc[0] == '/' && doc[1] == (char *)NULL);
+ if (usefile)
+ {
+ fd = open_helpfile (doc[0]);
+ zmapfd (fd, &line, doc[0]);
+ close (fd);
+ }
+ else
+ line = doc ? doc[0] : (char *)NULL;
+
+ printf ("%s - ", name);
+ for (j = 0; line && line[j]; j++)
+ {
+ putchar (line[j]);
+ if (line[j] == '\n')
+ break;
+ }
+
+ fflush (stdout);
+
+ if (usefile)
+ free (line);
+}
+
+/* Print builtin help in pseudo-manpage format. */
+static void
+show_manpage (name, i)
+ char *name;
+ int i;
+{
+ register int j;
+ char **doc, *line;
+ int fd, usefile;
+
+ doc = (char **)shell_builtins[i].long_doc;
+
+ usefile = (doc && doc[0] && *doc[0] == '/' && doc[1] == (char *)NULL);
+ if (usefile)
+ {
+ fd = open_helpfile (doc[0]);
+ zmapfd (fd, &line, doc[0]);
+ close (fd);
+ }
+ else
+ line = doc ? _(doc[0]) : (char *)NULL;
+
+ /* NAME */
+ printf ("NAME\n");
+ printf ("%*s%s - ", BASE_INDENT, " ", name);
+ for (j = 0; line && line[j]; j++)
+ {
+ putchar (line[j]);
+ if (line[j] == '\n')
+ break;
+ }
+ printf ("\n");
+
+ /* SYNOPSIS */
+ printf ("SYNOPSIS\n");
+ printf ("%*s%s\n\n", BASE_INDENT, " ", shell_builtins[i].short_doc);
+
+ /* DESCRIPTION */
+ printf ("DESCRIPTION\n");
+ if (usefile == 0)
+ {
+ for (j = 0; doc[j]; j++)
+ printf ("%*s%s\n", BASE_INDENT, " ", _(doc[j]));
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ for (j = 0; line && line[j]; j++)
+ {
+ putchar (line[j]);
+ if (line[j] == '\n')
+ printf ("%*s", BASE_INDENT, " ");
+ }
+ }
+ putchar ('\n');
+
+ /* SEE ALSO */
+ printf ("SEE ALSO\n");
+ printf ("%*sbash(1)\n\n", BASE_INDENT, " ");
+
+ /* IMPLEMENTATION */
+ printf ("IMPLEMENTATION\n");
+ printf ("%*s", BASE_INDENT, " ");
+ show_shell_version (0);
+ printf ("%*s", BASE_INDENT, " ");
+ printf (_("Copyright (C) 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\n"));
+ printf ("%*s", BASE_INDENT, " ");
+ printf (_("License: GNU General Public License, version 2\n"));
+
+ fflush (stdout);
+ if (usefile)
+ free (line);
+}
+
static void
show_builtin_command_help ()
{
$FUNCTION history_builtin
$DEPENDS_ON HISTORY
$SHORT_DOC history [-c] [-d offset] [n] or history -anrw [filename] or history -ps arg [arg...]
+Display or manipulate the history list.
+
Display the history list with line numbers, prefixing each modified
entry with a `*'. An argument of N lists only the last N entries.
If the $HISTTIMEFORMAT variable is set and not null, its value is used
as a format string for strftime(3) to print the time stamp associated
with each displayed history entry. No time stamps are printed otherwise.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless an invalid option is given or an error occurs.
$END
#include <config.h>
$FUNCTION history_builtin
$DEPENDS_ON HISTORY
$SHORT_DOC history [-c] [-d offset] [n] or history -anrw [filename] or history -ps arg [arg...]
-Display the history list with line numbers, prefixing each modified entry
-with a `*'. An argument of N lists only the last N entries.
+Display or manipulate the history list.
+
+Display the history list with line numbers, prefixing each modified
+entry with a `*'. An argument of N lists only the last N entries.
Options:
-c clear the history list by deleting all of the entries
$FUNCTION inlib_builtin
$DEPENDS_ON apollo
$SHORT_DOC inlib pathname [pathname...]
+Install user-supplied library.
+
Install a user-supplied library specified by pathname in the current
shell process. The library is used to resolve external references
in programs and libraries loaded after its installation. Note
that the library is not loaded into the address space unless it is
needed to resolve an external reference. The list of inlibed
libraries is passed to all children of the current shell.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless PATHNAME is not found or an error occurs.
$END
#if defined (apollo)
$FUNCTION inlib_builtin
$DEPENDS_ON apollo
$SHORT_DOC inlib pathname [pathname...]
+Install user-supplied library.
+
Install a user-supplied library specified by pathname in the current
shell process. The library is used to resolve external references
in programs and libraries loaded after its installation. Note
if (status.all != status_$ok)
{
- builtin_error ("%s: inlib failed", list->word->word);
+ builtin_error (_("%s: inlib failed"), list->word->word);
return_value = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
}
$FUNCTION jobs_builtin
$DEPENDS_ON JOB_CONTROL
$SHORT_DOC jobs [-lnprs] [jobspec ...] or jobs -x command [args]
+Display status of jobs.
+
Lists the active jobs. JOBSPEC restricts output to that job.
Without options, the status of all active jobs is displayed.
If -x is supplied, COMMAND is run after all job specifications that
appear in ARGS have been replaced with the process ID of that job's
process group leader.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless an invalid option is given or an error occurs.
+If -x is used, returns the exit status of COMMAND.
$END
#include <config.h>
$FUNCTION disown_builtin
$DEPENDS_ON JOB_CONTROL
$SHORT_DOC disown [-h] [-ar] [jobspec ...]
+Remove jobs from current shell.
+
Removes each JOBSPEC argument from the table of active jobs. Without
any JOBSPECs, the shell uses its notion of the current job.
-h mark each JOBSPEC so that SIGHUP is not sent to the job if the
shell receives a SIGHUP
-r remove only running jobs
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless an invalid option or JOBSPEC is given.
$END
#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
This file is jobs.def, from which is created jobs.c.
It implements the builtins "jobs" and "disown" in Bash.
-Copyright (C) 1987-2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright (C) 1987-2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
$FUNCTION jobs_builtin
$DEPENDS_ON JOB_CONTROL
$SHORT_DOC jobs [-lnprs] [jobspec ...] or jobs -x command [args]
+Display status of jobs.
+
Lists the active jobs. JOBSPEC restricts output to that job.
Without options, the status of all active jobs is displayed.
$FUNCTION disown_builtin
$DEPENDS_ON JOB_CONTROL
$SHORT_DOC disown [-h] [-ar] [jobspec ...]
+Remove jobs from current shell.
+
Removes each JOBSPEC argument from the table of active jobs. Without
any JOBSPECs, the shell uses its notion of the current job.
$BUILTIN kill
$FUNCTION kill_builtin
$SHORT_DOC kill [-s sigspec | -n signum | -sigspec] pid | jobspec ... or kill -l [sigspec]
+Send a signal to a job.
+
Send the processes identified by PID or JOBSPEC the signal named by
SIGSPEC or SIGNUM. If neither SIGSPEC nor SIGNUM is present, then
SIGTERM is assumed.
Kill is a shell builtin for two reasons: it allows job IDs to be used
instead of process IDs, and allows processes to be killed if the limit
on processes that you can create is reached.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless an invalid option is given or an error occurs.
$END
#include <config.h>
$BUILTIN kill
$FUNCTION kill_builtin
$SHORT_DOC kill [-s sigspec | -n signum | -sigspec] pid | jobspec ... or kill -l [sigspec]
+Send a signal to a job.
+
Send the processes identified by PID or JOBSPEC the signal named by
SIGSPEC or SIGNUM. If neither SIGSPEC nor SIGNUM is present, then
SIGTERM is assumed.
Options:
-s sig SIG is a signal name
-n sig SIG is a signal number
- -l list the signal names; if arguments follow `-l' they are assumed
- to be signal numbers for which names should be listed
+ -l list the signal names; if arguments follow `-l' they are
+ assumed to be signal numbers for which names should be listed
Kill is a shell builtin for two reasons: it allows job IDs to be used
instead of process IDs, and allows processes to be killed if the limit
$FUNCTION let_builtin
$PRODUCES let.c
$SHORT_DOC let arg [arg ...]
-Evaluates ach ARG as an arithmetic expression. Evaluation is done in
+Evaluate arithmetic expressions.
+
+Evaluate each ARG as an arithmetic expression. Evaluation is done in
fixed-width integers with no check for overflow, though division by 0
is trapped and flagged as an error. The following list of operators is
grouped into levels of equal-precedence operators. The levels are listed
parentheses are evaluated first and may override the precedence
rules above.
-If the last ARG evaluates to 0, let returns 1; 0 is returned
-otherwise.
+Exit Status:
+If the last ARG evaluates to 0, let returns 1; let returns 0 otherwise..
$END
#include <config.h>
This file is let.def, from which is created let.c.
It implements the builtin "let" in Bash.
-Copyright (C) 1987-2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright (C) 1987-2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
$FUNCTION let_builtin
$PRODUCES let.c
$SHORT_DOC let arg [arg ...]
-Each ARG is an arithmetic expression to be evaluated. Evaluation
-is done in fixed-width integers with no check for overflow, though
-division by 0 is trapped and flagged as an error. The following
-list of operators is grouped into levels of equal-precedence operators.
-The levels are listed in order of decreasing precedence.
+Evaluate arithmetic expressions.
+
+Evaluate each ARG as an arithmetic expression. Evaluation is done in
+fixed-width integers with no check for overflow, though division by 0
+is trapped and flagged as an error. The following list of operators is
+grouped into levels of equal-precedence operators. The levels are listed
+in order of decreasing precedence.
id++, id-- variable post-increment, post-decrement
++id, --id variable pre-increment, pre-decrement
--- /dev/null
+This file is mapfile.def, from which is created mapfile.c.
+It implements the builtin "mapfile" in Bash.
+
+Copyright (C) 2005-2006 Rocky Bernstein for Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright (C) 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+
+Bash is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
+Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any later
+version.
+
+Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
+WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
+for more details.
+
+You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
+with Bash; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free Software
+Foundation, 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
+
+$PRODUCES mapfile.c
+
+$BUILTIN mapfile
+$FUNCTION mapfile_builtin
+$SHORT_DOC mapfile [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c quantum] [array]
+Read lines from a file into an array variable.
+
+Read lines from the standard input into the array variable ARRAY, or from
+file descriptor FD if the -u option is supplied. The variable MAPFILE is
+the default ARRAY.
+
+Options:
+ -n count Copy at most COUNT lines. If COUNT is 0, all lines are copied.
+ -O origin Begin assigning to ARRAY at index ORIGIN. The default index is 0.
+ -s count Discard the first COUNT lines read.
+ -t Remove a trailing newline from each line read.
+ -u fd Read lines from file descriptor FD instead of the standard input.
+ -C callback Evaluate CALLBACK each time QUANTUM lines are read.
+ -c quantum Specify the number of lines read between each call to CALLBACK.
+
+Arguments:
+ ARRAY Array variable name to use for file data.
+
+If -C is supplied without -c, the default quantum is 5000.
+
+If not supplied with an explicit origin, mapfile will clear ARRAY before
+assigning to it.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless an invald option is given or ARRAY is readonly.
+$END
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+#include "builtins.h"
+#include "posixstat.h"
+
+#if defined (HAVE_UNISTD_H)
+# include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "bashansi.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+
+#include "../bashintl.h"
+#include "../shell.h"
+#include "common.h"
+#include "bashgetopt.h"
+
+
+#if !defined (errno)
+extern int errno;
+#endif
+
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+
+#define DEFAULT_ARRAY_NAME "MAPFILE"
+
+/* The value specifying how frequently `mapfile' calls the callback. */
+#define DEFAULT_QUANTUM 5000
+
+/* Values for FLAGS */
+#define MAPF_CLEARARRAY 0x01
+#define MAPF_CHOP 0x02
+
+static int
+run_callback(callback, current_index)
+ const char *callback;
+ unsigned int current_index;
+{
+ unsigned int execlen;
+ char *execstr;
+
+ execlen = strlen (callback) + 10;
+ /* 1 for space between %s and %d,
+ another 1 for the last nul char for C string. */
+ execlen += 2;
+ execstr = xmalloc (execlen);
+
+ snprintf (execstr, execlen, "%s %d", callback, current_index);
+ return parse_and_execute(execstr, NULL, 0);
+}
+
+static void
+do_chop(line)
+ char * line;
+{
+ int length;
+
+ length = strlen (line);
+ if (length && line[length-1] == '\n')
+ line[length-1] = '\0';
+}
+
+static int
+mapfile (fd, line_count_goal, origin, nskip, callback_quantum, callback, array_name, flags)
+ int fd;
+ long line_count_goal, origin, nskip, callback_quantum;
+ char *callback, *array_name;
+ int flags;
+{
+ char *line;
+ size_t line_length;
+ unsigned int array_index, line_count;
+ SHELL_VAR *entry;
+ int unbuffered_read;
+
+ line = NULL;
+ line_length = 0;
+ unbuffered_read = 0;
+
+ /* The following check should be done before reading any lines. Doing it
+ here allows us to call bind_array_element instead of bind_array_variable
+ and skip the variable lookup on every call. */
+ entry = find_or_make_array_variable (array_name, 1);
+ if (entry == 0)
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ if (flags & MAPF_CLEARARRAY)
+ array_flush (array_cell (entry));
+
+#ifndef __CYGWIN__
+ unbuffered_read = (lseek (fd, 0L, SEEK_CUR) < 0) && (errno == ESPIPE);
+#else
+ unbuffered_read = 1;
+#endif
+
+ /* Skip any lines at beginning of file? */
+ for (line_count = 0; line_count < nskip; line_count++)
+ zgetline(fd, &line, &line_length, unbuffered_read);
+ line = 0;
+ line_length = 0;
+
+ /* Reset the buffer for bash own stream */
+ for (array_index = origin, line_count = 0;
+ zgetline(fd, &line, &line_length, unbuffered_read) != -1;
+ array_index++, line_count++)
+ {
+ /* Have we exceeded # of lines to store? */
+ if (line_count_goal != 0 && line_count >= line_count_goal)
+ break;
+
+ /* Remove trailing newlines? */
+ if (flags & MAPF_CHOP)
+ do_chop (line);
+
+ /* Has a callback been registered and if so is it time to call it? */
+ if (callback && line_count && (line_count % callback_quantum) == 0)
+ {
+ run_callback (callback, array_index);
+
+ /* Reset the buffer for bash own stream. */
+ if (unbuffered_read == 0)
+ zsyncfd (fd);
+ }
+
+ bind_array_element (entry, array_index, line, 0);
+ }
+
+ xfree (line);
+
+ if (unbuffered_read == 0)
+ zsyncfd (fd);
+
+ return EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+int
+mapfile_builtin (list)
+ WORD_LIST *list;
+{
+ int opt, code, fd, clear_array, flags;
+ intmax_t intval;
+ long lines, origin, nskip, callback_quantum;
+ char *array_name, *callback;
+
+ clear_array = 1;
+ fd = 0;
+ lines = origin = nskip = 0;
+ flags = MAPF_CLEARARRAY;
+ callback_quantum = DEFAULT_QUANTUM;
+ callback = 0;
+
+ reset_internal_getopt ();
+ while ((opt = internal_getopt (list, "u:n:O:tC:c:s:")) != -1)
+ {
+ switch (opt)
+ {
+ case 'u':
+ code = legal_number (list_optarg, &intval);
+ if (code == 0 || intval < 0 || intval != (int)intval)
+ {
+ builtin_error (_("%s: invalid file descriptor specification"), list_optarg);
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ }
+ else
+ fd = intval;
+
+ if (sh_validfd (fd) == 0)
+ {
+ builtin_error (_("%d: invalid file descriptor: %s"), fd, strerror (errno));
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ }
+ break;
+
+ case 'n':
+ code = legal_number (list_optarg, &intval);
+ if (code == 0 || intval < 0 || intval != (unsigned)intval)
+ {
+ builtin_error (_("%s: invalid line count"), list_optarg);
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ }
+ else
+ lines = intval;
+ break;
+
+ case 'O':
+ code = legal_number (list_optarg, &intval);
+ if (code == 0 || intval < 0 || intval != (unsigned)intval)
+ {
+ builtin_error (_("%s: invalid array origin"), list_optarg);
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ }
+ else
+ origin = intval;
+ flags &= ~MAPF_CLEARARRAY;
+ break;
+ case 't':
+ flags |= MAPF_CHOP;
+ break;
+ case 'C':
+ callback = list_optarg;
+ break;
+ case 'c':
+ code = legal_number (list_optarg, &intval);
+ if (code == 0 || intval < 0 || intval != (unsigned)intval)
+ {
+ builtin_error (_("%s: invalid callback quantum"), list_optarg);
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ }
+ else
+ callback_quantum = intval;
+ break;
+ case 's':
+ code = legal_number (list_optarg, &intval);
+ if (code == 0 || intval < 0 || intval != (unsigned)intval)
+ {
+ builtin_error (_("%s: invalid line count"), list_optarg);
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ }
+ else
+ nskip = intval;
+ break;
+ default:
+ builtin_usage ();
+ return (EX_USAGE);
+ }
+ }
+ list = loptend;
+
+ if (list == 0)
+ array_name = DEFAULT_ARRAY_NAME;
+ else if (list->word == 0 || list->word->word == 0)
+ {
+ builtin_error ("internal error: getting variable name");
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ }
+ else if (list->word->word[0] == '\0')
+ {
+ builtin_error (_("empty array variable name"));
+ return (EX_USAGE);
+ }
+ else
+ array_name = list->word->word;
+
+ if (legal_identifier (array_name) == 0 && valid_array_reference (array_name) == 0)
+ {
+ sh_invalidid (array_name);
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ }
+
+ return mapfile (fd, lines, origin, nskip, callback_quantum, callback, array_name, flags);
+}
+
+#else
+
+int
+mapfile_builtin (list)
+ WORD_LIST *list;
+{
+ builtin_error (_("array variable support required"));
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+}
+
+#endif /* ARRAY_VARS */
%b expand backslash escape sequences in the corresponding argument
%q quote the argument in a way that can be reused as shell input
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless an invalid option is given or a write or assignment
+error occurs.
$END
#include <config.h>
static int tescape __P((char *, char *, int *));
static char *bexpand __P((char *, int, int *, int *));
static char *vbadd __P((char *, int));
-static int vbprintf __P((const char *, ...))
- __attribute__((__format__ (printf, 1, 2)));
+static int vbprintf __P((const char *, ...)) __attribute__((__format__ (printf, 1, 2)));
static char *mklong __P((char *, char *, size_t));
static int getchr __P((void));
static char *getstr __P((void));
$FUNCTION pushd_builtin
$DEPENDS_ON PUSHD_AND_POPD
$SHORT_DOC pushd [-n] [+N | -N | dir]
+Add directories to stack.
+
Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates
the stack, making the new top of the stack the current working
directory. With no arguments, exchanges the top two directories.
new current working directory.
The `dirs' builtin displays the directory stack.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless an invalid argument is supplied or the directory
+change fails.
$END
$BUILTIN popd
$FUNCTION popd_builtin
$DEPENDS_ON PUSHD_AND_POPD
$SHORT_DOC popd [-n] [+N | -N]
+Remove directories from stack.
+
Removes entries from the directory stack. With no arguments, removes
the top directory from the stack, and changes to the new top directory.
removes the last directory, `popd -1' the next to last.
The `dirs' builtin displays the directory stack.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless an invalid argument is supplied or the directory
+change fails.
$END
$BUILTIN dirs
$FUNCTION dirs_builtin
$DEPENDS_ON PUSHD_AND_POPD
$SHORT_DOC dirs [-clpv] [+N] [-N]
+Display directory stack.
+
Display the list of currently remembered directories. Directories
find their way onto the list with the `pushd' command; you can get
back up through the list with the `popd' command.
-N Displays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown by
dirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or an error occurs.
$END
#include <config.h>
$FUNCTION pushd_builtin
$DEPENDS_ON PUSHD_AND_POPD
$SHORT_DOC pushd [-n] [+N | -N | dir]
+Add directories to stack.
+
Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates
the stack, making the new top of the stack the current working
directory. With no arguments, exchanges the top two directories.
$FUNCTION popd_builtin
$DEPENDS_ON PUSHD_AND_POPD
$SHORT_DOC popd [-n] [+N | -N]
+Remove directories from stack.
+
Removes entries from the directory stack. With no arguments, removes
the top directory from the stack, and changes to the new top directory.
$FUNCTION dirs_builtin
$DEPENDS_ON PUSHD_AND_POPD
$SHORT_DOC dirs [-clpv] [+N] [-N]
+Display directory stack.
+
Display the list of currently remembered directories. Directories
find their way onto the list with the `pushd' command; you can get
back up through the list with the `popd' command.
};
char * const popd_doc[] = {
-N_("Removes entries from the directory stack. With no arguments,\n\
- removes the top directory from the stack, and cd's to the new\n\
- top directory.\n\
+N_("Removes entries from the directory stack. With no arguments, removes\n\
+ the top directory from the stack, and changes to the new top directory.\n\
\n\
- -n Suppresses the normal change of directory when removing directories\n\
- from the stack, so only the stack is manipulated.\n\
+ Options:\n\
+ -n Suppresses the normal change of directory when removing\n\
+ directories from the stack, so only the stack is manipulated.\n\
\n\
- +N Removes the Nth entry counting from the left of the list\n\
- shown by `dirs', starting with zero. For example: `popd +0'\n\
- removes the first directory, `popd +1' the second.\n\
+ Arguments:\n\
+ +N Removes the Nth entry counting from the left of the list\n\
+ shown by `dirs', starting with zero. For example: `popd +0'\n\
+ removes the first directory, `popd +1' the second.\n\
\n\
- -N Removes the Nth entry counting from the right of the list\n\
- shown by `dirs', starting with zero. For example: `popd -0'\n\
- removes the last directory, `popd -1' the next to last.\n\
+ -N Removes the Nth entry counting from the right of the list\n\
+ shown by `dirs', starting with zero. For example: `popd -0'\n\
+ removes the last directory, `popd -1' the next to last.\n\
\n\
- You can see the directory stack with the `dirs' command."),
+ The `dirs' builtin displays the directory stack."),
(char *)NULL
};
variable is the default timeout.
-u fd read from file descriptor FD instead of the standard input
+Exit Status:
The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, read times out,
or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as the argument to -u.
$END
$BUILTIN read
$FUNCTION read_builtin
-$SHORT_DOC read [-ers] [-a array] [-d delim] [-n nchars] [-p prompt] [-t timeout] [-u fd] [name ...]
+$SHORT_DOC read [-ers] [-a array] [-d delim] [-i text] [-n nchars] [-p prompt] [-t timeout] [-u fd] [name ...]
Read a line from the standard input and split it into fields.
Reads a single line from the standard input, or from file descriptor FD
-d delim continue until the first character of DELIM is read, rather
than newline
-e use Readline to obtain the line in an interactive shell
+ -i text Use TEXT as the initial text for Readline
-n nchars return after reading NCHARS characters rather than waiting
for a newline
-p prompt output the string PROMPT without a trailing newline before
#if defined (READLINE)
static void reset_attempted_completion_function __P((char *));
-static char *edit_line __P((char *));
+static int set_itext __P((void));
+static char *edit_line __P((char *, char *));
static void set_eol_delim __P((int));
static void reset_eol_delim __P((char *));
#endif
WORD_LIST *alist;
#endif
#if defined (READLINE)
- char *rlbuf;
+ char *rlbuf, *itext;
int rlind;
#endif
#if defined (READLINE)
USE_VAR(rlbuf);
USE_VAR(rlind);
+ USE_VAR(itext);
#endif
USE_VAR(list);
USE_VAR(ps2);
fd = 0; /* file descriptor to read from */
#if defined (READLINE)
- rlbuf = (char *)0;
+ rlbuf = itext = (char *)0;
rlind = 0;
#endif
delim = '\n'; /* read until newline */
reset_internal_getopt ();
- while ((opt = internal_getopt (list, "ersa:d:n:p:t:u:")) != -1)
+ while ((opt = internal_getopt (list, "ersa:d:i:n:p:t:u:")) != -1)
{
switch (opt)
{
case 'e':
#if defined (READLINE)
edit = 1;
+#endif
+ break;
+ case 'i':
+#if defined (READLINE)
+ itext = list_optarg;
#endif
break;
#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
if ((prompt || edit || silent) && input_is_tty == 0)
{
prompt = (char *)NULL;
+#if defined (READLINE)
+ itext = (char *)NULL;
+#endif
edit = silent = 0;
}
}
if (rlbuf == 0)
{
- rlbuf = edit_line (prompt ? prompt : "");
+ rlbuf = edit_line (prompt ? prompt : "", itext);
rlind = 0;
}
if (rlbuf == 0)
#if defined (READLINE)
static rl_completion_func_t *old_attempted_completion_function = 0;
+static rl_hook_func_t *old_startup_hook;
+static char *deftext;
static void
reset_attempted_completion_function (cp)
rl_attempted_completion_function = old_attempted_completion_function;
}
+static int
+set_itext ()
+{
+ int r1, r2;
+
+ r1 = r2 = 0;
+ if (old_startup_hook)
+ r1 = (*old_startup_hook) ();
+ if (deftext)
+ {
+ r2 = rl_insert_text (deftext);
+ deftext = (char *)NULL;
+ rl_startup_hook = old_startup_hook;
+ old_startup_hook = (rl_hook_func_t *)NULL;
+ }
+ return (r1 || r2);
+}
+
static char *
-edit_line (p)
+edit_line (p, itext)
char *p;
+ char *itext;
{
char *ret;
int len;
old_attempted_completion_function = rl_attempted_completion_function;
rl_attempted_completion_function = (rl_completion_func_t *)NULL;
+ if (itext)
+ {
+ old_startup_hook = rl_startup_hook;
+ rl_startup_hook = set_itext;
+ deftext = itext;
+ }
ret = readline (p);
rl_attempted_completion_function = old_attempted_completion_function;
old_attempted_completion_function = (rl_completion_func_t *)NULL;
$BUILTIN for
$SHORT_DOC for NAME [in WORDS ... ] ; do COMMANDS; done
+Execute commands for each member in a list.
+
The `for' loop executes a sequence of commands for each member in a
list of items. If `in WORDS ...;' is not present, then `in "$@"' is
assumed. For each element in WORDS, NAME is set to that element, and
the COMMANDS are executed.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns the status of the last command executed.
$END
$BUILTIN for ((
$DOCNAME arith_for
$SHORT_DOC for (( exp1; exp2; exp3 )); do COMMANDS; done
+Arithmetic for loop.
+
Equivalent to
(( EXP1 ))
while (( EXP2 )); do
done
EXP1, EXP2, and EXP3 are arithmetic expressions. If any expression is
omitted, it behaves as if it evaluates to 1.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns the status of the last command executed.
$END
$BUILTIN select
$SHORT_DOC select NAME [in WORDS ... ;] do COMMANDS; done
+Select words from a list and execute commands..
+
The WORDS are expanded, generating a list of words. The
set of expanded words is printed on the standard error, each
preceded by a number. If `in WORDS' is not present, `in "$@"'
value read causes NAME to be set to null. The line read is saved
in the variable REPLY. COMMANDS are executed after each selection
until a break command is executed.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns the status of the last command executed.
$END
$BUILTIN time
$SHORT_DOC time [-p] pipeline
+Report time consumed by pipeline's execution.
+
Execute PIPELINE and print a summary of the real time, user CPU time,
and system CPU time spent executing PIPELINE when it terminates.
Options:
-p print the timing summary in the portable Posix format
-The value of the TIMEFORMAT variable is used as the output format. The
-return status is the return status of PIPELINE.
+The value of the TIMEFORMAT variable is used as the output format.
+
+Exit Status:
+The return status is the return status of PIPELINE.
$END
$BUILTIN case
$SHORT_DOC case WORD in [PATTERN [| PATTERN]...) COMMANDS ;;]... esac
+Execute commands based on pattern matching.
+
Selectively execute COMMANDS based upon WORD matching PATTERN. The
`|' is used to separate multiple patterns.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns the status of the last command executed.
$END
$BUILTIN if
$SHORT_DOC if COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; [ elif COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; ]... [ else COMMANDS; ] fi
+Execute commands based on conditional.
+
The `if COMMANDS' list is executed. If its exit status is zero, then the
`then COMMANDS' list is executed. Otherwise, each `elif COMMANDS' list is
executed in turn, and if its exit status is zero, the corresponding
the `else COMMANDS' list is executed, if present. The exit status of the
entire construct is the exit status of the last command executed, or zero
if no condition tested true.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns the status of the last command executed.
$END
$BUILTIN while
$SHORT_DOC while COMMANDS; do COMMANDS; done
+Execute commands as long as a test succeeds.
+
Expand and execute COMMANDS as long as the final command in the
`while' COMMANDS has an exit status of zero.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns the status of the last command executed.
$END
$BUILTIN until
$SHORT_DOC until COMMANDS; do COMMANDS; done
+Execute commands as long as a test does not succeed.
+
Expand and execute COMMANDS as long as the final command in the
`until' COMMANDS has an exit status which is not zero.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns the status of the last command executed.
$END
$BUILTIN function
$SHORT_DOC function name { COMMANDS ; } or name () { COMMANDS ; }
+Define shell function.
+
Create a shell function named NAME. When invoked as a simple command,
NAME runs COMMANDs in the calling shell's context. When NAME is invoked,
the arguments are passed to the function as $1...$n, and the function's
name is in $FUNCNAME.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless NAME is readonly.
$END
$BUILTIN { ... }
$DOCNAME grouping_braces
$SHORT_DOC { COMMANDS ; }
+Group commands as a unit.
+
Run a set of commands in a group. This is one way to redirect an
entire set of commands.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns the status of the last command executed.
$END
$BUILTIN %
$DOCNAME fg_percent
$SHORT_DOC job_spec [&]
+Resume job in foreground.
+
Equivalent to the JOB_SPEC argument to the `fg' command. Resume a
stopped or background job. JOB_SPEC can specify either a job name
or a job number. Following JOB_SPEC with a `&' places the job in
the background, as if the job specification had been supplied as an
argument to `bg'.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns the status of the resumed job.
$END
$BUILTIN (( ... ))
$DOCNAME arith
$SHORT_DOC (( expression ))
+Evaluate arithmetic expression.
+
The EXPRESSION is evaluated according to the rules for arithmetic
evaluation. Equivalent to "let EXPRESSION".
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns 1 if EXPRESSION evaluates to 0; returns 0 otherwise.
$END
$BUILTIN [[ ... ]]
$DOCNAME conditional
$SHORT_DOC [[ expression ]]
+Execute conditional command.
+
Returns a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the conditional
expression EXPRESSION. Expressions are composed of the same primaries used
by the `test' builtin, and may be combined using the following operators:
The && and || operators do not evaluate EXPR2 if EXPR1 is sufficient to
determine the expression's value.
+
+Exit Status:
+0 or 1 depending on value of EXPRESSION.
$END
$BUILTIN variables
$DOCNAME variable_help
$SHORT_DOC variables - Names and meanings of some shell variables
+Common shell variable names and usage.
+
BASH_VERSION Version information for this Bash.
CDPATH A colon-separated list of directories to search
for directories given as arguments to `cd'.
$BUILTIN for
$SHORT_DOC for NAME [in WORDS ... ] ; do COMMANDS; done
+Execute commands for each member in a list.
+
The `for' loop executes a sequence of commands for each member in a
list of items. If `in WORDS ...;' is not present, then `in "$@"' is
assumed. For each element in WORDS, NAME is set to that element, and
$BUILTIN for ((
$DOCNAME arith_for
$SHORT_DOC for (( exp1; exp2; exp3 )); do COMMANDS; done
+Arithmetic for loop.
+
Equivalent to
(( EXP1 ))
while (( EXP2 )); do
$BUILTIN time
$SHORT_DOC time [-p] pipeline
+Report time consumed by pipeline's execution.
+
Execute PIPELINE and print a summary of the real time, user CPU time,
and system CPU time spent executing PIPELINE when it terminates.
$BUILTIN case
$SHORT_DOC case WORD in [PATTERN [| PATTERN]...) COMMANDS ;;]... esac
+Execute commands based on pattern matching.
+
Selectively execute COMMANDS based upon WORD matching PATTERN. The
`|' is used to separate multiple patterns.
$END
$BUILTIN if
$SHORT_DOC if COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; [ elif COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; ]... [ else COMMANDS; ] fi
+Execute commands based on conditional.
+
The `if COMMANDS' list is executed. If its exit status is zero, then the
`then COMMANDS' list is executed. Otherwise, each `elif COMMANDS' list is
executed in turn, and if its exit status is zero, the corresponding
$BUILTIN while
$SHORT_DOC while COMMANDS; do COMMANDS; done
+Execute commands as long as a test succeeds.
+
Expand and execute COMMANDS as long as the final command in the
`while' COMMANDS has an exit status of zero.
$END
$BUILTIN until
$SHORT_DOC until COMMANDS; do COMMANDS; done
+Execute commands as long as a test does not succeed.
+
Expand and execute COMMANDS as long as the final command in the
`until' COMMANDS has an exit status which is not zero.
$END
$BUILTIN function
$SHORT_DOC function name { COMMANDS ; } or name () { COMMANDS ; }
+Define shell function.
+
Create a shell function named NAME. When invoked as a simple command,
NAME runs COMMANDs in the calling shell's context. When NAME is invoked,
the arguments are passed to the function as $1...$n, and the function's
$BUILTIN { ... }
$DOCNAME grouping_braces
$SHORT_DOC { COMMANDS ; }
+Group commands as a unit.
+
Run a set of commands in a group. This is one way to redirect an
entire set of commands.
$END
$BUILTIN %
$DOCNAME fg_percent
$SHORT_DOC job_spec [&]
+Resume job in foreground.
+
Equivalent to the JOB_SPEC argument to the `fg' command. Resume a
stopped or background job. JOB_SPEC can specify either a job name
or a job number. Following JOB_SPEC with a `&' places the job in
$BUILTIN (( ... ))
$DOCNAME arith
$SHORT_DOC (( expression ))
+Evaluate arithmetic expression.
+
The EXPRESSION is evaluated according to the rules for arithmetic
evaluation. Equivalent to "let EXPRESSION".
$END
$BUILTIN [[ ... ]]
$DOCNAME conditional
$SHORT_DOC [[ expression ]]
+Execute conditional command.
+
Returns a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the conditional
expression EXPRESSION. Expressions are composed of the same primaries used
by the `test' builtin, and may be combined using the following operators:
EXPR1 && EXPR2 True if both EXPR1 and EXPR2 are true; else false
EXPR1 || EXPR2 True if either EXPR1 or EXPR2 is true; else false
-When the `==' and `!=' operators are used, the string to the right of the
-operator is used as a pattern and pattern matching is performed. When
-the `=~' operator is used, the string to the right of the operator is
-matched as a regular expression.
+When the `==' and `!=' operators are used, the string to the right of
+the operator is used as a pattern and pattern matching is performed.
+When the `=~' operator is used, the string to the right of the operator
+is matched as a regular expression.
The && and || operators do not evaluate EXPR2 if EXPR1 is sufficient to
determine the expression's value.
$BUILTIN variables
$DOCNAME variable_help
$SHORT_DOC variables - Names and meanings of some shell variables
+Common shell variable names and usage.
+
BASH_VERSION Version information for this Bash.
CDPATH A colon-separated list of directories to search
for directories given as arguments to `cd'.
This file is return.def, from which is created return.c.
It implements the builtin "return" in Bash.
-Copyright (C) 1987-2003 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright (C) 1987-2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
$FUNCTION return_builtin
$SHORT_DOC return [n]
+Return from a shell function.
+
Causes a function or sourced script to exit with the return value
specified by N. If N is omitted, the return status is that of the
last command executed within the function or script.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns N, or failure if the shell is not executing a function or script.
$END
#include <config.h>
This file is return.def, from which is created return.c.
It implements the builtin "return" in Bash.
-Copyright (C) 1987-2003 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright (C) 1987-2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
$FUNCTION return_builtin
$SHORT_DOC return [n]
-Causes a function to exit with the return value specified by N. If N
-is omitted, the return status is that of the last command.
+Return from a shell function.
+
+Causes a function or sourced script to exit with the return value
+specified by N. If N is omitted, the return status is that of the
+last command executed within the function or script.
$END
#include <config.h>
$BUILTIN set
$FUNCTION set_builtin
$SHORT_DOC set [--abefhkmnptuvxBCHP] [-o option-name] [arg ...]
-Changes the value of shell attributes and positional parameters, or
-displays the names and values of shell variables.
+Set or unset values of shell options and positional parameters.
+
+Change the value of shell attributes and positional parameters, or
+display the names and values of shell variables.
Options:
-a Mark variables which are modified or created for export.
set of flags may be found in $-. The remaining n ARGs are positional
parameters and are assigned, in order, to $1, $2, .. $n. If no
ARGs are given, all shell variables are printed.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless an invalid option is given.
$END
typedef int setopt_set_func_t __P((int, char *));
{ "histexpand", 'H', (int *)NULL, (setopt_set_func_t *)NULL, (setopt_get_func_t *)NULL },
#endif /* BANG_HISTORY */
#if defined (HISTORY)
- { "history", '\0', &remember_on_history, bash_set_history, (setopt_get_func_t *)NULL },
+ { "history", '\0', &enable_history_list, bash_set_history, (setopt_get_func_t *)NULL },
#endif
{ "ignoreeof", '\0', &ignoreeof, set_ignoreeof, (setopt_get_func_t *)NULL },
{ "interactive-comments", '\0', &interactive_comments, (setopt_set_func_t *)NULL, (setopt_get_func_t *)NULL },
{
if (on_or_off == FLAG_ON)
{
+ enable_history_list = 1;
bash_history_enable ();
if (history_lines_this_session == 0)
load_history ();
}
else
- bash_history_disable ();
- return (1 - remember_on_history);
+ {
+ enable_history_list = 0;
+ bash_history_disable ();
+ }
+ return (1 - enable_history_list);
}
#endif
reset_shell_options ()
{
#if defined (HISTORY)
- remember_on_history = 1;
+ remember_on_history = enable_history_list = 1;
#endif
ignoreeof = 0;
}
$BUILTIN unset
$FUNCTION unset_builtin
$SHORT_DOC unset [-f] [-v] [name ...]
+Unset values and attributes of shell variables and functions.
+
For each NAME, remove the corresponding variable or function.
Options:
tries to unset a function.
Some variables cannot be unset; also see `readonly'.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless an invalid option is given or a NAME is read-only.
$END
#define NEXT_VARIABLE() any_failed++; list = list->next; continue;
$BUILTIN set
$FUNCTION set_builtin
$SHORT_DOC set [--abefhkmnptuvxBCHP] [-o option-name] [arg ...]
-Changes the value of shell attributes and positional parameters, or
-displays the names and values of shell variables.
+Set or unset values of shell options and positional parameters.
+
+Change the value of shell attributes and positional parameters, or
+display the names and values of shell variables.
Options:
-a Mark variables which are modified or created for export.
the last command to exit with a non-zero status,
or zero if no command exited with a non-zero status
posix change the behavior of bash where the default
- operation differs from the 1003.2 standard to
+ operation differs from the Posix standard to
match the standard
privileged same as -p
verbose same as -v
{ "histexpand", 'H', (int *)NULL, (setopt_set_func_t *)NULL, (setopt_get_func_t *)NULL },
#endif /* BANG_HISTORY */
#if defined (HISTORY)
- { "history", '\0', &remember_on_history, bash_set_history, (setopt_get_func_t *)NULL },
+ { "history", '\0', &enable_history_list, bash_set_history, (setopt_get_func_t *)NULL },
#endif
{ "ignoreeof", '\0', &ignoreeof, set_ignoreeof, (setopt_get_func_t *)NULL },
{ "interactive-comments", '\0', &interactive_comments, (setopt_set_func_t *)NULL, (setopt_get_func_t *)NULL },
{
if (on_or_off == FLAG_ON)
{
+ enable_history_list = 1;
bash_history_enable ();
if (history_lines_this_session == 0)
load_history ();
}
else
- bash_history_disable ();
- return (1 - remember_on_history);
+ {
+ enable_history_list = 0;
+ bash_history_disable ();
+ }
+ return (1 - enable_history_list);
}
#endif
reset_shell_options ()
{
#if defined (HISTORY)
- remember_on_history = 1;
+ remember_on_history = enable_history_list = 1;
#endif
ignoreeof = 0;
}
$BUILTIN unset
$FUNCTION unset_builtin
$SHORT_DOC unset [-f] [-v] [name ...]
+Unset values and attributes of shell variables and functions.
+
For each NAME, remove the corresponding variable or function.
Options:
$BUILTIN export
$FUNCTION export_builtin
$SHORT_DOC export [-fn] [name[=value] ...] or export -p
+Set export attribute for shell variables.
+
Marks each NAME for automatic export to the environment of subsequently
executed commands. If VALUE is supplied, assign VALUE before exporting.
-p display a list of all exported variables and functions
An argument of `--' disables further option processing.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless an invalid option is given or NAME is invalid.
$END
/* For each variable name in LIST, make that variable appear in the
$BUILTIN readonly
$FUNCTION readonly_builtin
$SHORT_DOC readonly [-af] [name[=value] ...] or readonly -p
+Mark shell variables as unchangeable.
+
Mark each NAME as read-only; the values of these NAMEs may not be
changed by subsequent assignment. If VALUE is supplied, assign VALUE
before marking as read-only.
-p display a list of all readonly variables and functions
An argument of `--' disables further option processing.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless an invalid option is given or NAME is invalid.
$END
/* For each variable name in LIST, make that variable readonly. Given an
SHELL_VAR *var;
int pattr, nodefs;
{
- char flags[8], *x;
+ char flags[16], *x;
int i;
i = 0;
$BUILTIN export
$FUNCTION export_builtin
$SHORT_DOC export [-fn] [name[=value] ...] or export -p
+Set export attribute for shell variables.
+
Marks each NAME for automatic export to the environment of subsequently
executed commands. If VALUE is supplied, assign VALUE before exporting.
-p display a list of all exported variables and functions
An argument of `--' disables further option processing.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless an invalid option is given or NAME is invalid.
$END
/* For each variable name in LIST, make that variable appear in the
$BUILTIN readonly
$FUNCTION readonly_builtin
$SHORT_DOC readonly [-af] [name[=value] ...] or readonly -p
+Mark shell variables as unchangeable.
+
Mark each NAME as read-only; the values of these NAMEs may not be
changed by subsequent assignment. If VALUE is supplied, assign VALUE
before marking as read-only.
-p display a list of all readonly variables and functions
An argument of `--' disables further option processing.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless an invalid option is given or NAME is invalid.
$END
/* For each variable name in LIST, make that variable readonly. Given an
show_all_var_attributes (v, nodefs)
int v, nodefs;
{
- SHELL_VAR **variable_list;
+ SHELL_VAR **variable_list, *var;
int any_failed;
register int i;
$BUILTIN shift
$FUNCTION shift_builtin
$SHORT_DOC shift [n]
+Shift positional parameters.
+
Rename the positional parameters $N+1,$N+2 ... to $1,$2 ... If N is
not given, it is assumed to be 1.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless N is negative or greater than $#.
$END
int print_shift_error;
This file is shift.def, from which is created shift.c.
It implements the builtin "shift" in Bash.
-Copyright (C) 1987-2003 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright (C) 1987-2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
$BUILTIN shift
$FUNCTION shift_builtin
$SHORT_DOC shift [n]
-Rename the positional parameters $N+1 ... to $1 ... If N is not
-given, it is assumed to be 1.
+Shift positional parameters.
+
+Rename the positional parameters $N+1,$N+2 ... to $1,$2 ... If N is
+not given, it is assumed to be 1.
$END
int print_shift_error;
$BUILTIN shopt
$FUNCTION shopt_builtin
$SHORT_DOC shopt [-pqsu] [-o] [optname ...]
-Set and unset shell options. Without any option arguments, list all
-shell options with an indication of whether or not each is set.
+Set and unset shell options.
+
+Change the setting of each shell option OPTNAME. Without any option
+arguments, list all shell options with an indication of whether or not each
+is set.
Options:
-o restrict OPTNAMEs to those defined for use with `set -o'
-s enable (set) each OPTNAME
-u disable (unset) each OPTNAME
-The exit status indicates whether or not each OPTNAME is set.
+Exit Status:
+Returns success if OPTNAME is enabled; fails if an invalid option is
+given or OPTNAME is disabled.
$END
#include <config.h>
{ "cdable_vars", &cdable_vars, (shopt_set_func_t *)NULL },
{ "cdspell", &cdspelling, (shopt_set_func_t *)NULL },
{ "checkhash", &check_hashed_filenames, (shopt_set_func_t *)NULL },
+#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
{ "checkjobs", &check_jobs_at_exit, (shopt_set_func_t *)NULL },
+#endif
{ "checkwinsize", &check_window_size, (shopt_set_func_t *)NULL },
#if defined (HISTORY)
{ "cmdhist", &command_oriented_history, (shopt_set_func_t *)NULL },
$BUILTIN shopt
$FUNCTION shopt_builtin
$SHORT_DOC shopt [-pqsu] [-o] [optname ...]
-Set and unset shell options. Without any option arguments, list all
-shell options with an indication of whether or not each is set.
+Set and unset shell options.
+
+Change the setting of each shell option OPTNAME. Without any option
+arguments, list all shell options with an indication of whether or not each
+is set.
Options:
-o restrict OPTNAMEs to those defined for use with `set -o'
-s enable (set) each OPTNAME
-u disable (unset) each OPTNAME
-The exit status indicates whether or not each OPTNAME is set.
+Exit Status:
+Returns success if OPTNAME is enabled; fails if an invalid option is
+given or OPTNAME is disabled.
$END
#include <config.h>
static int shopt_login_shell;
static int shopt_compat31;
+static int shopt_compat32;
typedef int shopt_set_func_t __P((int));
set_compatibility_level (mode)
int mode;
{
- /* Need to change logic here if we add more compatibility levels */
- shell_compatibility_level = shopt_compat31 ? 31 : DEFAULT_COMPAT_LEVEL;
+ /* Need to change logic here as we add more compatibility levels */
+ if (shopt_compat31)
+ shell_compatibility_level = 31;
+ else if (shopt_compat32)
+ shell_compatibility_level = 32;
+ else
+ shell_compatibility_level = DEFAULT_COMPAT_LEVEL;
return 0;
}
$BUILTIN source
$FUNCTION source_builtin
$SHORT_DOC source filename [arguments]
+Execute commands from a file in the current shell.
+
Read and execute commands from FILENAME in the current shell. The
entries in $PATH are used to find the directory containing FILENAME.
If any ARGUMENTS are supplied, they become the positional parameters
when FILENAME is executed.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns the status of the last command executed in FILENAME; fails if
+FILENAME cannot be read.
$END
+
$BUILTIN .
$DOCNAME dot
$FUNCTION source_builtin
$SHORT_DOC . filename [arguments]
+Execute commands from a file in the current shell.
+
Read and execute commands from FILENAME in the current shell. The
entries in $PATH are used to find the directory containing FILENAME.
If any ARGUMENTS are supplied, they become the positional parameters
when FILENAME is executed.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns the status of the last command executed in FILENAME; fails if
+FILENAME cannot be read.
$END
#include <config.h>
$BUILTIN source
$FUNCTION source_builtin
$SHORT_DOC source filename [arguments]
-Read and execute commands from FILENAME in the current shell. The entries
-in $PATH are used to find the directory containing FILENAME. If any
-ARGUMENTS are supplied, they become the positional parameters when
-FILENAME is executed.
+Execute commands from a file in the current shell.
+
+Read and execute commands from FILENAME in the current shell. The
+entries in $PATH are used to find the directory containing FILENAME.
+If any ARGUMENTS are supplied, they become the positional parameters
+when FILENAME is executed.
$END
$BUILTIN .
$DOCNAME dot
$FUNCTION source_builtin
$SHORT_DOC . filename [arguments]
-Read and execute commands from FILENAME in the current shell. The entries
-in $PATH are used to find the directory containing FILENAME. If any
-ARGUMENTS are supplied, they become the positional parameters when
-FILENAME is executed.
+Execute commands from a file in the current shell.
+
+Read and execute commands from FILENAME in the current shell. The
+entries in $PATH are used to find the directory containing FILENAME.
+If any ARGUMENTS are supplied, they become the positional parameters
+when FILENAME is executed.
$END
#include <config.h>
extern int errno;
#endif /* !errno */
+extern int posixly_correct;
+
static void maybe_pop_dollar_vars __P((void));
/* If non-zero, `.' uses $PATH to look up the script to be sourced. */
#endif
filename = (char *)NULL;
- if (source_uses_path)
+ /* XXX -- should this be absolute_pathname? */
+ if (posixly_correct && strchr (list->word->word, '/'))
+ filename = savestring (list->word->word);
+ else if (absolute_pathname (list->word->word))
+ filename = savestring (list->word->word);
+ else if (source_uses_path)
filename = find_path_file (list->word->word);
if (filename == 0)
{
$DEPENDS_ON JOB_CONTROL
$FUNCTION suspend_builtin
$SHORT_DOC suspend [-f]
+Suspend shell execution.
+
Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a SIGCONT signal.
Options:
-f force the suspend, even if the shell is a login shell
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless job control is not enabled or an error occurs.
$END
#include <config.h>
$DEPENDS_ON JOB_CONTROL
$FUNCTION suspend_builtin
$SHORT_DOC suspend [-f]
+Suspend shell execution.
+
Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a SIGCONT signal.
Options:
-
-f force the suspend, even if the shell is a login shell
$END
$BUILTIN test
$FUNCTION test_builtin
$SHORT_DOC test [expr]
+Evaluate conditional expression.
+
Exits with a status of 0 (true) or 1 (false) depending on
the evaluation of EXPR. Expressions may be unary or binary. Unary
expressions are often used to examine the status of a file. There
Arithmetic binary operators return true if ARG1 is equal, not-equal,
less-than, less-than-or-equal, greater-than, or greater-than-or-equal
than ARG2.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success if EXPR evaluates to true; fails if EXPR evaluates to
+false or an invalid argument is given.
$END
$BUILTIN [
$DOCNAME test_bracket
$FUNCTION test_builtin
$SHORT_DOC [ arg... ]
+Evaluate conditional expression.
+
This is a synonym for the "test" builtin, but the last argument must
be a literal `]', to match the opening `['.
$END
This file is test.def, from which is created test.c.
It implements the builtin "test" in Bash.
-Copyright (C) 1987-2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright (C) 1987-2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
$BUILTIN test
$FUNCTION test_builtin
$SHORT_DOC test [expr]
+Evaluate conditional expression.
+
Exits with a status of 0 (true) or 1 (false) depending on
the evaluation of EXPR. Expressions may be unary or binary. Unary
expressions are often used to examine the status of a file. There
File operators:
- -a FILE True if file exists.
- -b FILE True if file is block special.
- -c FILE True if file is character special.
- -d FILE True if file is a directory.
- -e FILE True if file exists.
- -f FILE True if file exists and is a regular file.
- -g FILE True if file is set-group-id.
- -h FILE True if file is a symbolic link.
- -L FILE True if file is a symbolic link.
- -k FILE True if file has its `sticky' bit set.
- -p FILE True if file is a named pipe.
- -r FILE True if file is readable by you.
- -s FILE True if file exists and is not empty.
- -S FILE True if file is a socket.
- -t FD True if FD is opened on a terminal.
- -u FILE True if the file is set-user-id.
- -w FILE True if the file is writable by you.
- -x FILE True if the file is executable by you.
- -O FILE True if the file is effectively owned by you.
- -G FILE True if the file is effectively owned by your group.
- -N FILE True if the file has been modified since it was last read.
+ -a FILE True if file exists.
+ -b FILE True if file is block special.
+ -c FILE True if file is character special.
+ -d FILE True if file is a directory.
+ -e FILE True if file exists.
+ -f FILE True if file exists and is a regular file.
+ -g FILE True if file is set-group-id.
+ -h FILE True if file is a symbolic link.
+ -L FILE True if file is a symbolic link.
+ -k FILE True if file has its `sticky' bit set.
+ -p FILE True if file is a named pipe.
+ -r FILE True if file is readable by you.
+ -s FILE True if file exists and is not empty.
+ -S FILE True if file is a socket.
+ -t FD True if FD is opened on a terminal.
+ -u FILE True if the file is set-user-id.
+ -w FILE True if the file is writable by you.
+ -x FILE True if the file is executable by you.
+ -O FILE True if the file is effectively owned by you.
+ -G FILE True if the file is effectively owned by your group.
+ -N FILE True if the file has been modified since it was last read.
FILE1 -nt FILE2 True if file1 is newer than file2 (according to
modification date).
String operators:
- -z STRING True if string is empty.
+ -z STRING True if string is empty.
- -n STRING
- STRING True if string is not empty.
+ -n STRING
+ STRING True if string is not empty.
- STRING1 = STRING2
- True if the strings are equal.
- STRING1 != STRING2
- True if the strings are not equal.
- STRING1 < STRING2
- True if STRING1 sorts before STRING2 lexicographically.
- STRING1 > STRING2
- True if STRING1 sorts after STRING2 lexicographically.
+ STRING1 = STRING2
+ True if the strings are equal.
+ STRING1 != STRING2
+ True if the strings are not equal.
+ STRING1 < STRING2
+ True if STRING1 sorts before STRING2 lexicographically.
+ STRING1 > STRING2
+ True if STRING1 sorts after STRING2 lexicographically.
Other operators:
- -o OPTION True if the shell option OPTION is enabled.
- ! EXPR True if expr is false.
- EXPR1 -a EXPR2 True if both expr1 AND expr2 are true.
- EXPR1 -o EXPR2 True if either expr1 OR expr2 is true.
+ -o OPTION True if the shell option OPTION is enabled.
+ ! EXPR True if expr is false.
+ EXPR1 -a EXPR2 True if both expr1 AND expr2 are true.
+ EXPR1 -o EXPR2 True if either expr1 OR expr2 is true.
- arg1 OP arg2 Arithmetic tests. OP is one of -eq, -ne,
- -lt, -le, -gt, or -ge.
+ arg1 OP arg2 Arithmetic tests. OP is one of -eq, -ne,
+ -lt, -le, -gt, or -ge.
Arithmetic binary operators return true if ARG1 is equal, not-equal,
less-than, less-than-or-equal, greater-than, or greater-than-or-equal
$DOCNAME test_bracket
$FUNCTION test_builtin
$SHORT_DOC [ arg... ]
-This is a synonym for the "test" builtin, but the last
-argument must be a literal `]', to match the opening `['.
+Evaluate conditional expression.
+
+This is a synonym for the "test" builtin, but the last argument must
+be a literal `]', to match the opening `['.
$END
#include <config.h>
$BUILTIN times
$FUNCTION times_builtin
$SHORT_DOC times
+Display process times.
+
Prints the accumulated user and system times for the shell and all of its
child processes.
+
+Exit Status:
+Always succeeds.
$END
#include <config.h>
$BUILTIN times
$FUNCTION times_builtin
$SHORT_DOC times
+Display process times.
+
Prints the accumulated user and system times for the shell and all of its
child processes.
$END
$BUILTIN trap
$FUNCTION trap_builtin
$SHORT_DOC trap [-lp] [[arg] signal_spec ...]
+Trap signals and other events.
+
Defines and activates handlers to be run when the shell receives signals
or other conditions.
Each SIGNAL_SPEC is either a signal name in <signal.h> or a signal number.
Signal names are case insensitive and the SIG prefix is optional. A
signal may be sent to the shell with "kill -signal $$".
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless a SIGSPEC is invalid or an invalid option is given.
$END
#include <config.h>
$BUILTIN trap
$FUNCTION trap_builtin
$SHORT_DOC trap [-lp] [[arg] signal_spec ...]
+Trap signals and other events.
+
Defines and activates handlers to be run when the shell receives signals
or other conditions.
Each SIGNAL_SPEC is either a signal name in <signal.h> or a signal number.
Signal names are case insensitive and the SIG prefix is optional. A
-signal can be sent to the shell with "kill -signal $$".
+signal may be sent to the shell with "kill -signal $$".
$END
#include <config.h>
$BUILTIN type
$FUNCTION type_builtin
$SHORT_DOC type [-afptP] name [name ...]
+Display information about command type.
+
For each NAME, indicate how it would be interpreted if used as a
command name.
`function', `builtin', `file' or `', if NAME is an alias, shell
reserved word, shell function, shell builtin, disk file, or not
found, respectively
+
+Arguments:
+ NAME Command name to be interpreted.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success if all of the NAMEs are found; fails if any are not found.
$END
#include <config.h>
$BUILTIN type
$FUNCTION type_builtin
$SHORT_DOC type [-afptP] name [name ...]
+Display information about command type.
+
For each NAME, indicate how it would be interpreted if used as a
command name.
that would be executed
-p returns either the name of the disk file that would be executed,
or nothing if `type -t NAME' would not return `file'.
- -t output a single word which is one of `alias', `keyword', `function',
- `builtin', `file' or `', if NAME is an alias, shell reserved word,
- shell function, shell builtin, disk file, or not found, respectively
+ -t output a single word which is one of `alias', `keyword',
+ `function', `builtin', `file' or `', if NAME is an alias, shell
+ reserved word, shell function, shell builtin, disk file, or not
+ found, respectively
+
+Arguments:
+ NAME Command name to be interpreted.
$END
#include <config.h>
$FUNCTION ulimit_builtin
$DEPENDS_ON !_MINIX
$SHORT_DOC ulimit [-SHacdefilmnpqrstuvx] [limit]
+Modify shell resource limits.
+
Provides control over the resources available to the shell and processes
it creates, on systems that allow such control.
Values are in 1024-byte increments, except for -t, which is in seconds,
-p, which is in increments of 512 bytes, and -u, which is an unscaled
number of processes.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or an error occurs.
$END
#if !defined (_MINIX)
$FUNCTION ulimit_builtin
$DEPENDS_ON !_MINIX
$SHORT_DOC ulimit [-SHacdefilmnpqrstuvx] [limit]
+Modify shell resource limits.
+
Provides control over the resources available to the shell and processes
it creates, on systems that allow such control.
-S use the `soft' resource limit
-H use the `hard' resource limit
-a all current limits are reported
+ -b the socket buffer size
-c the maximum size of core files created
-d the maximum size of a process's data segment
-e the maximum scheduling priority (`nice')
} RESOURCE_LIMITS;
static RESOURCE_LIMITS limits[] = {
+#ifdef RLIMIT_PTHREAD
+ { 'T', RLIMIT_PTHREAD, 1, "number of threads", (char *)NULL },
+#endif
+#ifdef RLIMIT_SBSIZE
+ { 'b', RLIMIT_SBSIZE, 1, "socket buffer size", "bytes" },
+#endif
#ifdef RLIMIT_CORE
{ 'c', RLIMIT_CORE, 512, "core file size", "blocks" },
#endif
$BUILTIN umask
$FUNCTION umask_builtin
$SHORT_DOC umask [-p] [-S] [mode]
+Display or set file mode mask.
+
Sets the user file-creation mask to MODE. If MODE is omitted, prints
the current value of the mask.
Options:
-p if MODE is omitted, output in a form that may be reused as input
-S makes the output symbolic; otherwise an octal number is output
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns success unless MODE is invalid or an invalid option is given.
$END
#include <config.h>
$BUILTIN umask
$FUNCTION umask_builtin
$SHORT_DOC umask [-p] [-S] [mode]
+Display or set file mode mask.
+
Sets the user file-creation mask to MODE. If MODE is omitted, prints
the current value of the mask.
otherwise it is a symbolic mode string like that accepted by chmod(1).
Options:
-
-p if MODE is omitted, output in a form that may be reused as input
-S makes the output symbolic; otherwise an octal number is output
$END
$DEPENDS_ON JOB_CONTROL
$PRODUCES wait.c
$SHORT_DOC wait [id]
+Wait for job completion and return exit status.
+
Waits for the process identified by ID, which may be a process ID or a
job specification, and reports its termination status. If ID is not
given, waits for all currently active child processes, and the return
status is zero. If ID is a a job specification, waits for all processes
in the job's pipeline.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns the status of ID; fails if ID is invalid or an invalid option is
+given.
$END
$BUILTIN wait
$FUNCTION wait_builtin
$DEPENDS_ON !JOB_CONTROL
$SHORT_DOC wait [pid]
+Wait for process completion and return exit status.
+
Waits for the specified process and reports its termination status. If
PID is not given, all currently active child processes are waited for,
and the return code is zero. PID must be a process ID.
+
+Exit Status:
+Returns the status of ID; fails if ID is invalid or an invalid option is
+given.
$END
#include <config.h>
This file is wait.def, from which is created wait.c.
It implements the builtin "wait" in Bash.
-Copyright (C) 1987-2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright (C) 1987-2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
$FUNCTION wait_builtin
$DEPENDS_ON JOB_CONTROL
$PRODUCES wait.c
-$SHORT_DOC wait [n]
-Wait for the specified process and report its termination status. If
-N is not given, all currently active child processes are waited for,
-and the return code is zero. N may be a process ID or a job
-specification; if a job spec is given, all processes in the job's
-pipeline are waited for.
+$SHORT_DOC wait [id]
+Wait for job completion and return exit status.
+
+Waits for the process identified by ID, which may be a process ID or a
+job specification, and reports its termination status. If ID is not
+given, waits for all currently active child processes, and the return
+status is zero. If ID is a a job specification, waits for all processes
+in the job's pipeline.
$END
$BUILTIN wait
$FUNCTION wait_builtin
$DEPENDS_ON !JOB_CONTROL
-$SHORT_DOC wait [n]
-Wait for the specified process and report its termination status. If
-N is not given, all currently active child processes are waited for,
-and the return code is zero. N must be a process ID.
+$SHORT_DOC wait [pid]
+Wait for process completion and return exit status.
+
+Waits for the specified process and reports its termination status. If
+PID is not given, all currently active child processes are waited for,
+and the return code is zero. PID must be a process ID.
$END
#include <config.h>
command to terminate in turn. The return status is the exit status of
the last command executed.
- The control operators &\b&&\b& and |\b||\b| denote AND lists and OR lists, respec-
- tively. An AND list has the form
+ AND and OR lists are sequences of one of more pipelines separated by
+ the &\b&&\b& and |\b||\b| control operators, respectively. AND and OR lists are
+ executed with left associativity. An AND list has the form
_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd_\b1 &\b&&\b& _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd_\b2
- _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd_\b2 is executed if, and only if, _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd_\b1 returns an exit status
+ _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd_\b2 is executed if, and only if, _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd_\b1 returns an exit status
of zero.
An OR list has the form
_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd_\b1 |\b||\b| _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd_\b2
- _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd_\b2 is executed if and only if _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd_\b1 returns a non-zero exit
- status. The return status of AND and OR lists is the exit status of
+ _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd_\b2 is executed if and only if _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd_\b1 returns a non-zero exit
+ status. The return status of AND and OR lists is the exit status of
the last command executed in the list.
C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpo\bou\bun\bnd\bd C\bCo\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bds\bs
A _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is one of the following:
- (_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt) _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed in a subshell environment (see C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD E\bEX\bXE\bEC\bCU\bU-\b-
- T\bTI\bIO\bON\bN E\bEN\bNV\bVI\bIR\bRO\bON\bNM\bME\bEN\bNT\bT below). Variable assignments and builtin com-
- mands that affect the shell's environment do not remain in
- effect after the command completes. The return status is the
+ (_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt) _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed in a subshell environment (see C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD E\bEX\bXE\bEC\bCU\bU-\b-
+ T\bTI\bIO\bON\bN E\bEN\bNV\bVI\bIR\bRO\bON\bNM\bME\bEN\bNT\bT below). Variable assignments and builtin com-
+ mands that affect the shell's environment do not remain in
+ effect after the command completes. The return status is the
exit status of _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt.
{ _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt; }
- _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is simply executed in the current shell environment. _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt
- must be terminated with a newline or semicolon. This is known
- as a _\bg_\br_\bo_\bu_\bp _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd. The return status is the exit status of
- _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt. Note that unlike the metacharacters (\b( and )\b), {\b{ and }\b} are
+ _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is simply executed in the current shell environment. _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt
+ must be terminated with a newline or semicolon. This is known
+ as a _\bg_\br_\bo_\bu_\bp _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd. The return status is the exit status of
+ _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt. Note that unlike the metacharacters (\b( and )\b), {\b{ and }\b} are
_\br_\be_\bs_\be_\br_\bv_\be_\bd _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd_\bs and must occur where a reserved word is permitted
- to be recognized. Since they do not cause a word break, they
- must be separated from _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt by whitespace or another shell
+ to be recognized. Since they do not cause a word break, they
+ must be separated from _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt by whitespace or another shell
metacharacter.
((_\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn))
- The _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn is evaluated according to the rules described
- below under A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bHM\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN. If the value of the expres-
- sion is non-zero, the return status is 0; otherwise the return
+ The _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn is evaluated according to the rules described
+ below under A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bHM\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN. If the value of the expres-
+ sion is non-zero, the return status is 0; otherwise the return
status is 1. This is exactly equivalent to l\ble\bet\bt "\b"_\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn"\b".
[\b[[\b[ _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn ]\b]]\b]
- Return a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the
- conditional expression _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn. Expressions are composed of
- the primaries described below under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS.
- Word splitting and pathname expansion are not performed on the
- words between the [\b[[\b[ and ]\b]]\b]; tilde expansion, parameter and
- variable expansion, arithmetic expansion, command substitution,
- process substitution, and quote removal are performed. Condi-
+ Return a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the
+ conditional expression _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn. Expressions are composed of
+ the primaries described below under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS.
+ Word splitting and pathname expansion are not performed on the
+ words between the [\b[[\b[ and ]\b]]\b]; tilde expansion, parameter and
+ variable expansion, arithmetic expansion, command substitution,
+ process substitution, and quote removal are performed. Condi-
tional operators such as -\b-f\bf must be unquoted to be recognized as
primaries.
- When the =\b==\b= and !\b!=\b= operators are used, the string to the right
+ When the =\b==\b= and !\b!=\b= operators are used, the string to the right
of the operator is considered a pattern and matched according to
- the rules described below under P\bPa\bat\btt\bte\ber\brn\bn M\bMa\bat\btc\bch\bhi\bin\bng\bg. If the shell
- option n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\bem\bma\bat\btc\bch\bh is enabled, the match is performed without
- regard to the case of alphabetic characters. The return value
- is 0 if the string matches (=\b==\b=) or does not match (!\b!=\b=) the pat-
+ the rules described below under P\bPa\bat\btt\bte\ber\brn\bn M\bMa\bat\btc\bch\bhi\bin\bng\bg. If the shell
+ option n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\bem\bma\bat\btc\bch\bh is enabled, the match is performed without
+ regard to the case of alphabetic characters. The return value
+ is 0 if the string matches (=\b==\b=) or does not match (!\b!=\b=) the pat-
tern, and 1 otherwise. Any part of the pattern may be quoted to
force it to be matched as a string.
- An additional binary operator, =\b=~\b~, is available, with the same
- precedence as =\b==\b= and !\b!=\b=. When it is used, the string to the
- right of the operator is considered an extended regular expres-
+ An additional binary operator, =\b=~\b~, is available, with the same
+ precedence as =\b==\b= and !\b!=\b=. When it is used, the string to the
+ right of the operator is considered an extended regular expres-
sion and matched accordingly (as in _\br_\be_\bg_\be_\bx(3)). The return value
is 0 if the string matches the pattern, and 1 otherwise. If the
- regular expression is syntactically incorrect, the conditional
+ regular expression is syntactically incorrect, the conditional
expression's return value is 2. If the shell option n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\bem\bma\bat\btc\bch\bh
is enabled, the match is performed without regard to the case of
alphabetic characters. Any part of the pattern may be quoted to
- force it to be matched as a string. Substrings matched by
- parenthesized subexpressions within the regular expression are
- saved in the array variable B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_R\bRE\bEM\bMA\bAT\bTC\bCH\bH. The element of
- B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_R\bRE\bEM\bMA\bAT\bTC\bCH\bH with index 0 is the portion of the string matching
+ force it to be matched as a string. Substrings matched by
+ parenthesized subexpressions within the regular expression are
+ saved in the array variable B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_R\bRE\bEM\bMA\bAT\bTC\bCH\bH. The element of
+ B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_R\bRE\bEM\bMA\bAT\bTC\bCH\bH with index 0 is the portion of the string matching
the entire regular expression. The element of B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_R\bRE\bEM\bMA\bAT\bTC\bCH\bH with
- index _\bn is the portion of the string matching the _\bnth parenthe-
+ index _\bn is the portion of the string matching the _\bnth parenthe-
sized subexpression.
- Expressions may be combined using the following operators,
+ Expressions may be combined using the following operators,
listed in decreasing order of precedence:
(\b( _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn )\b)
- Returns the value of _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn. This may be used to
+ Returns the value of _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn. This may be used to
override the normal precedence of operators.
!\b! _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn
True if _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn is false.
True if either _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b1 or _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b2 is true.
The &\b&&\b& and |\b||\b| operators do not evaluate _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b2 if the value
- of _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b1 is sufficient to determine the return value of
+ of _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b1 is sufficient to determine the return value of
the entire conditional expression.
f\bfo\bor\br _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [ i\bin\bn _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd ] ; d\bdo\bo _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt ; d\bdo\bon\bne\be
The list of words following i\bin\bn is expanded, generating a list of
items. The variable _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is set to each element of this list in
- turn, and _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed each time. If the i\bin\bn _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is omit-
- ted, the f\bfo\bor\br command executes _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt once for each positional
+ turn, and _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed each time. If the i\bin\bn _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is omit-
+ ted, the f\bfo\bor\br command executes _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt once for each positional
parameter that is set (see P\bPA\bAR\bRA\bAM\bME\bET\bTE\bER\bRS\bS below). The return status
- is the exit status of the last command that executes. If the
+ is the exit status of the last command that executes. If the
expansion of the items following i\bin\bn results in an empty list, no
commands are executed, and the return status is 0.
f\bfo\bor\br (( _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b1 ; _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b2 ; _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b3 )) ; d\bdo\bo _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt ; d\bdo\bon\bne\be
First, the arithmetic expression _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b1 is evaluated according to
- the rules described below under A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bHM\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN. The
- arithmetic expression _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b2 is then evaluated repeatedly until
- it evaluates to zero. Each time _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b2 evaluates to a non-zero
- value, _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed and the arithmetic expression _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b3 is
- evaluated. If any expression is omitted, it behaves as if it
+ the rules described below under A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bHM\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN. The
+ arithmetic expression _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b2 is then evaluated repeatedly until
+ it evaluates to zero. Each time _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b2 evaluates to a non-zero
+ value, _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed and the arithmetic expression _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b3 is
+ evaluated. If any expression is omitted, it behaves as if it
evaluates to 1. The return value is the exit status of the last
command in _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt that is executed, or false if any of the expres-
sions is invalid.
s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [ i\bin\bn _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd ] ; d\bdo\bo _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt ; d\bdo\bon\bne\be
The list of words following i\bin\bn is expanded, generating a list of
- items. The set of expanded words is printed on the standard
- error, each preceded by a number. If the i\bin\bn _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is omitted,
- the positional parameters are printed (see P\bPA\bAR\bRA\bAM\bME\bET\bTE\bER\bRS\bS below).
- The P\bPS\bS3\b3 prompt is then displayed and a line read from the stan-
- dard input. If the line consists of a number corresponding to
- one of the displayed words, then the value of _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is set to
- that word. If the line is empty, the words and prompt are dis-
+ items. The set of expanded words is printed on the standard
+ error, each preceded by a number. If the i\bin\bn _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is omitted,
+ the positional parameters are printed (see P\bPA\bAR\bRA\bAM\bME\bET\bTE\bER\bRS\bS below).
+ The P\bPS\bS3\b3 prompt is then displayed and a line read from the stan-
+ dard input. If the line consists of a number corresponding to
+ one of the displayed words, then the value of _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is set to
+ that word. If the line is empty, the words and prompt are dis-
played again. If EOF is read, the command completes. Any other
- value read causes _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be to be set to null. The line read is
- saved in the variable R\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY. The _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed after each
+ value read causes _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be to be set to null. The line read is
+ saved in the variable R\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY. The _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed after each
selection until a b\bbr\bre\bea\bak\bk command is executed. The exit status of
- s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt is the exit status of the last command executed in _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt,
+ s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt is the exit status of the last command executed in _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt,
or zero if no commands were executed.
c\bca\bas\bse\be _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd i\bin\bn [ [(] _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn [ |\b| _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn ] ... ) _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt ;; ] ... e\bes\bsa\bac\bc
A c\bca\bas\bse\be command first expands _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, and tries to match it against
each _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn in turn, using the same matching rules as for path-
- name expansion (see P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn below). The _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is
- expanded using tilde expansion, parameter and variable expan-
- sion, arithmetic substitution, command substitution, process
- substitution and quote removal. Each _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn examined is
+ name expansion (see P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn below). The _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is
expanded using tilde expansion, parameter and variable expan-
+ sion, arithmetic substitution, command substitution, process
+ substitution and quote removal. Each _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn examined is
+ expanded using tilde expansion, parameter and variable expan-
sion, arithmetic substitution, command substitution, and process
- substitution. If the shell option n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\bem\bma\bat\btc\bch\bh is enabled, the
- match is performed without regard to the case of alphabetic
- characters. When a match is found, the corresponding _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is
- executed. After the first match, no subsequent matches are
+ substitution. If the shell option n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\bem\bma\bat\btc\bch\bh is enabled, the
+ match is performed without regard to the case of alphabetic
+ characters. When a match is found, the corresponding _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is
+ executed. After the first match, no subsequent matches are
attempted. The exit status is zero if no pattern matches. Oth-
- erwise, it is the exit status of the last command executed in
+ erwise, it is the exit status of the last command executed in
_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt.
i\bif\bf _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt; t\bth\bhe\ben\bn _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt_\b; [ e\bel\bli\bif\bf _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt; t\bth\bhe\ben\bn _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt; ] ... [ e\bel\bls\bse\be _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt; ] f\bfi\bi
- The i\bif\bf _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed. If its exit status is zero, the t\bth\bhe\ben\bn
- _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed. Otherwise, each e\bel\bli\bif\bf _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed in
- turn, and if its exit status is zero, the corresponding t\bth\bhe\ben\bn
+ The i\bif\bf _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed. If its exit status is zero, the t\bth\bhe\ben\bn
+ _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed. Otherwise, each e\bel\bli\bif\bf _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed in
+ turn, and if its exit status is zero, the corresponding t\bth\bhe\ben\bn
_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed and the command completes. Otherwise, the e\bel\bls\bse\be
- _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed, if present. The exit status is the exit sta-
+ _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed, if present. The exit status is the exit sta-
tus of the last command executed, or zero if no condition tested
true.
w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt; d\bdo\bo _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt; d\bdo\bon\bne\be
u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt; d\bdo\bo _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt; d\bdo\bon\bne\be
- The w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be command continuously executes the d\bdo\bo _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt as long as
- the last command in _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt returns an exit status of zero. The
+ The w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be command continuously executes the d\bdo\bo _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt as long as
+ the last command in _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt returns an exit status of zero. The
u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl command is identical to the w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be command, except that the
- test is negated; the d\bdo\bo _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed as long as the last
+ test is negated; the d\bdo\bo _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed as long as the last
command in _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt returns a non-zero exit status. The exit status
- of the w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be and u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl commands is the exit status of the last
+ of the w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be and u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl commands is the exit status of the last
d\bdo\bo _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt command executed, or zero if none was executed.
S\bSh\bhe\bel\bll\bl F\bFu\bun\bnc\bct\bti\bio\bon\bn D\bDe\bef\bfi\bin\bni\bit\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs
- A shell function is an object that is called like a simple command and
- executes a compound command with a new set of positional parameters.
+ A shell function is an object that is called like a simple command and
+ executes a compound command with a new set of positional parameters.
Shell functions are declared as follows:
[ f\bfu\bun\bnc\bct\bti\bio\bon\bn ] _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be () _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd [_\br_\be_\bd_\bi_\br_\be_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn]
- This defines a function named _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. The reserved word f\bfu\bun\bnc\bct\bti\bio\bon\bn
- is optional. If the f\bfu\bun\bnc\bct\bti\bio\bon\bn reserved word is supplied, the
- parentheses are optional. The _\bb_\bo_\bd_\by of the function is the com-
- pound command _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd (see C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpo\bou\bun\bnd\bd C\bCo\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bds\bs above).
- That command is usually a _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt of commands between { and }, but
- may be any command listed under C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpo\bou\bun\bnd\bd C\bCo\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bds\bs above. _\bc_\bo_\bm_\b-
+ This defines a function named _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. The reserved word f\bfu\bun\bnc\bct\bti\bio\bon\bn
+ is optional. If the f\bfu\bun\bnc\bct\bti\bio\bon\bn reserved word is supplied, the
+ parentheses are optional. The _\bb_\bo_\bd_\by of the function is the com-
+ pound command _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd (see C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpo\bou\bun\bnd\bd C\bCo\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bds\bs above).
+ That command is usually a _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt of commands between { and }, but
+ may be any command listed under C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpo\bou\bun\bnd\bd C\bCo\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bds\bs above. _\bc_\bo_\bm_\b-
_\bp_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is executed whenever _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is specified as the name
- of a simple command. Any redirections (see R\bRE\bED\bDI\bIR\bRE\bEC\bCT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN below)
- specified when a function is defined are performed when the
- function is executed. The exit status of a function definition
+ of a simple command. Any redirections (see R\bRE\bED\bDI\bIR\bRE\bEC\bCT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN below)
+ specified when a function is defined are performed when the
+ function is executed. The exit status of a function definition
is zero unless a syntax error occurs or a readonly function with
the same name already exists. When executed, the exit status of
- a function is the exit status of the last command executed in
+ a function is the exit status of the last command executed in
the body. (See F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS below.)
C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bME\bEN\bNT\bTS\bS
In a non-interactive shell, or an interactive shell in which the i\bin\bnt\bte\ber\br-\b-
- a\bac\bct\bti\biv\bve\be_\b_c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bts\bs option to the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin is enabled (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL
- B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below), a word beginning with #\b# causes that word and
- all remaining characters on that line to be ignored. An interactive
- shell without the i\bin\bnt\bte\ber\bra\bac\bct\bti\biv\bve\be_\b_c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bts\bs option enabled does not allow
+ a\bac\bct\bti\biv\bve\be_\b_c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bts\bs option to the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin is enabled (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL
+ B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below), a word beginning with #\b# causes that word and
+ all remaining characters on that line to be ignored. An interactive
+ shell without the i\bin\bnt\bte\ber\bra\bac\bct\bti\biv\bve\be_\b_c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bts\bs option enabled does not allow
comments. The i\bin\bnt\bte\ber\bra\bac\bct\bti\biv\bve\be_\b_c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bts\bs option is on by default in interac-
tive shells.
Q\bQU\bUO\bOT\bTI\bIN\bNG\bG
- _\bQ_\bu_\bo_\bt_\bi_\bn_\bg is used to remove the special meaning of certain characters or
- words to the shell. Quoting can be used to disable special treatment
+ _\bQ_\bu_\bo_\bt_\bi_\bn_\bg is used to remove the special meaning of certain characters or
+ words to the shell. Quoting can be used to disable special treatment
for special characters, to prevent reserved words from being recognized
as such, and to prevent parameter expansion.
- Each of the _\bm_\be_\bt_\ba_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\ba_\bc_\bt_\be_\br_\bs listed above under D\bDE\bEF\bFI\bIN\bNI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS has special
+ Each of the _\bm_\be_\bt_\ba_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\ba_\bc_\bt_\be_\br_\bs listed above under D\bDE\bEF\bFI\bIN\bNI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS has special
meaning to the shell and must be quoted if it is to represent itself.
- When the command history expansion facilities are being used (see H\bHI\bIS\bS-\b-
+ When the command history expansion facilities are being used (see H\bHI\bIS\bS-\b-
T\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN below), the _\bh_\bi_\bs_\bt_\bo_\br_\by _\be_\bx_\bp_\ba_\bn_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn character, usually !\b!, must
be quoted to prevent history expansion.
- There are three quoting mechanisms: the _\be_\bs_\bc_\ba_\bp_\be _\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\ba_\bc_\bt_\be_\br, single
+ There are three quoting mechanisms: the _\be_\bs_\bc_\ba_\bp_\be _\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\ba_\bc_\bt_\be_\br, single
quotes, and double quotes.
- A non-quoted backslash (\\b\) is the _\be_\bs_\bc_\ba_\bp_\be _\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\ba_\bc_\bt_\be_\br. It preserves the
+ A non-quoted backslash (\\b\) is the _\be_\bs_\bc_\ba_\bp_\be _\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\ba_\bc_\bt_\be_\br. It preserves the
literal value of the next character that follows, with the exception of
- <newline>. If a \\b\<newline> pair appears, and the backslash is not
- itself quoted, the \\b\<newline> is treated as a line continuation (that
+ <newline>. If a \\b\<newline> pair appears, and the backslash is not
+ itself quoted, the \\b\<newline> is treated as a line continuation (that
is, it is removed from the input stream and effectively ignored).
- Enclosing characters in single quotes preserves the literal value of
+ Enclosing characters in single quotes preserves the literal value of
each character within the quotes. A single quote may not occur between
single quotes, even when preceded by a backslash.
- Enclosing characters in double quotes preserves the literal value of
- all characters within the quotes, with the exception of $\b$, `\b`, \\b\, and,
- when history expansion is enabled, !\b!. The characters $\b$ and `\b` retain
- their special meaning within double quotes. The backslash retains its
- special meaning only when followed by one of the following characters:
- $\b$, `\b`, "\b", \\b\, or <\b<n\bne\bew\bwl\bli\bin\bne\be>\b>. A double quote may be quoted within double
+ Enclosing characters in double quotes preserves the literal value of
+ all characters within the quotes, with the exception of $\b$, `\b`, \\b\, and,
+ when history expansion is enabled, !\b!. The characters $\b$ and `\b` retain
+ their special meaning within double quotes. The backslash retains its
+ special meaning only when followed by one of the following characters:
+ $\b$, `\b`, "\b", \\b\, or <\b<n\bne\bew\bwl\bli\bin\bne\be>\b>. A double quote may be quoted within double
quotes by preceding it with a backslash. If enabled, history expansion
- will be performed unless an !\b! appearing in double quotes is escaped
+ will be performed unless an !\b! appearing in double quotes is escaped
using a backslash. The backslash preceding the !\b! is not removed.
- The special parameters *\b* and @\b@ have special meaning when in double
+ The special parameters *\b* and @\b@ have special meaning when in double
quotes (see P\bPA\bAR\bRA\bAM\bME\bET\bTE\bER\bRS\bS below).
Words of the form $\b$'_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg' are treated specially. The word expands to
- _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg, with backslash-escaped characters replaced as specified by the
- ANSI C standard. Backslash escape sequences, if present, are decoded
+ _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg, with backslash-escaped characters replaced as specified by the
+ ANSI C standard. Backslash escape sequences, if present, are decoded
as follows:
\\b\a\ba alert (bell)
\\b\b\bb backspace
\\b\v\bv vertical tab
\\b\\\b\ backslash
\\b\'\b' single quote
- \\b\_\bn_\bn_\bn the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value
+ \\b\_\bn_\bn_\bn the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value
_\bn_\bn_\bn (one to three digits)
- \\b\x\bx_\bH_\bH the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal
+ \\b\x\bx_\bH_\bH the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal
value _\bH_\bH (one or two hex digits)
\\b\c\bc_\bx a control-_\bx character
- The expanded result is single-quoted, as if the dollar sign had not
+ The expanded result is single-quoted, as if the dollar sign had not
been present.
- A double-quoted string preceded by a dollar sign ($\b$) will cause the
- string to be translated according to the current locale. If the cur-
- rent locale is C\bC or P\bPO\bOS\bSI\bIX\bX, the dollar sign is ignored. If the string
+ A double-quoted string preceded by a dollar sign ($\b$) will cause the
+ string to be translated according to the current locale. If the cur-
+ rent locale is C\bC or P\bPO\bOS\bSI\bIX\bX, the dollar sign is ignored. If the string
is translated and replaced, the replacement is double-quoted.
P\bPA\bAR\bRA\bAM\bME\bET\bTE\bER\bRS\bS
- A _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is an entity that stores values. It can be a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, a num-
+ A _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is an entity that stores values. It can be a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, a num-
ber, or one of the special characters listed below under S\bSp\bpe\bec\bci\bia\bal\bl P\bPa\bar\bra\bam\bm-\b-
- e\bet\bte\ber\brs\bs. A _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be is a parameter denoted by a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. A variable has a
- _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be and zero or more _\ba_\bt_\bt_\br_\bi_\bb_\bu_\bt_\be_\bs. Attributes are assigned using the
- d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be builtin command (see d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be below in S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS).
+ e\bet\bte\ber\brs\bs. A _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be is a parameter denoted by a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. A variable has a
+ _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be and zero or more _\ba_\bt_\bt_\br_\bi_\bb_\bu_\bt_\be_\bs. Attributes are assigned using the
+ d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be builtin command (see d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be below in S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS).
A parameter is set if it has been assigned a value. The null string is
- a valid value. Once a variable is set, it may be unset only by using
+ a valid value. Once a variable is set, it may be unset only by using
the u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt builtin command (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below).
A _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be may be assigned to by a statement of the form
_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be=[_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be]
- If _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be is not given, the variable is assigned the null string. All
- _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be_\bs undergo tilde expansion, parameter and variable expansion, com-
- mand substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote removal (see E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bN-\b-
+ If _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be is not given, the variable is assigned the null string. All
+ _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be_\bs undergo tilde expansion, parameter and variable expansion, com-
+ mand substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote removal (see E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bN-\b-
S\bSI\bIO\bON\bN below). If the variable has its i\bin\bnt\bte\beg\bge\ber\br attribute set, then _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be
is evaluated as an arithmetic expression even if the $((...)) expansion
- is not used (see A\bAr\bri\bit\bth\bhm\bme\bet\bti\bic\bc E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn below). Word splitting is not
- performed, with the exception of "\b"$\b$@\b@"\b" as explained below under S\bSp\bpe\bec\bci\bia\bal\bl
- P\bPa\bar\bra\bam\bme\bet\bte\ber\brs\bs. Pathname expansion is not performed. Assignment state-
- ments may also appear as arguments to the a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs, d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be, t\bty\byp\bpe\bes\bse\bet\bt,
+ is not used (see A\bAr\bri\bit\bth\bhm\bme\bet\bti\bic\bc E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn below). Word splitting is not
+ performed, with the exception of "\b"$\b$@\b@"\b" as explained below under S\bSp\bpe\bec\bci\bia\bal\bl
+ P\bPa\bar\bra\bam\bme\bet\bte\ber\brs\bs. Pathname expansion is not performed. Assignment state-
+ ments may also appear as arguments to the a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs, d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be, t\bty\byp\bpe\bes\bse\bet\bt,
e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt, r\bre\bea\bad\bdo\bon\bnl\bly\by, and l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl builtin commands.
- In the context where an assignment statement is assigning a value to a
+ In the context where an assignment statement is assigning a value to a
shell variable or array index, the += operator can be used to append to
or add to the variable's previous value. When += is applied to a vari-
- able for which the integer attribute has been set, _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be is evaluated
- as an arithmetic expression and added to the variable's current value,
+ able for which the integer attribute has been set, _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be is evaluated
+ as an arithmetic expression and added to the variable's current value,
which is also evaluated. When += is applied to an array variable using
- compound assignment (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs below), the variable's value is not
+ compound assignment (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs below), the variable's value is not
unset (as it is when using =), and new values are appended to the array
- beginning at one greater than the array's maximum index. When applied
- to a string-valued variable, _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be is expanded and appended to the
+ beginning at one greater than the array's maximum index. When applied
+ to a string-valued variable, _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be is expanded and appended to the
variable's value.
P\bPo\bos\bsi\bit\bti\bio\bon\bna\bal\bl P\bPa\bar\bra\bam\bme\bet\bte\ber\brs\bs
- A _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\ba_\bl _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is a parameter denoted by one or more digits,
+ A _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\ba_\bl _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is a parameter denoted by one or more digits,
other than the single digit 0. Positional parameters are assigned from
- the shell's arguments when it is invoked, and may be reassigned using
- the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command. Positional parameters may not be assigned to
- with assignment statements. The positional parameters are temporarily
+ the shell's arguments when it is invoked, and may be reassigned using
+ the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command. Positional parameters may not be assigned to
+ with assignment statements. The positional parameters are temporarily
replaced when a shell function is executed (see F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS below).
- When a positional parameter consisting of more than a single digit is
+ When a positional parameter consisting of more than a single digit is
expanded, it must be enclosed in braces (see E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN below).
S\bSp\bpe\bec\bci\bia\bal\bl P\bPa\bar\bra\bam\bme\bet\bte\ber\brs\bs
- The shell treats several parameters specially. These parameters may
+ The shell treats several parameters specially. These parameters may
only be referenced; assignment to them is not allowed.
- *\b* Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one. When
- the expansion occurs within double quotes, it expands to a sin-
+ *\b* Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one. When
+ the expansion occurs within double quotes, it expands to a sin-
gle word with the value of each parameter separated by the first
character of the I\bIF\bFS\bS special variable. That is, "$\b$*\b*" is equiva-
lent to "$\b$1\b1_\bc$\b$2\b2_\bc.\b..\b..\b.", where _\bc is the first character of the value
- of the I\bIF\bFS\bS variable. If I\bIF\bFS\bS is unset, the parameters are sepa-
- rated by spaces. If I\bIF\bFS\bS is null, the parameters are joined
+ of the I\bIF\bFS\bS variable. If I\bIF\bFS\bS is unset, the parameters are sepa-
+ rated by spaces. If I\bIF\bFS\bS is null, the parameters are joined
without intervening separators.
- @\b@ Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one. When
+ @\b@ Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one. When
the expansion occurs within double quotes, each parameter
expands to a separate word. That is, "$\b$@\b@" is equivalent to "$\b$1\b1"
- "$\b$2\b2" ... If the double-quoted expansion occurs within a word,
- the expansion of the first parameter is joined with the begin-
- ning part of the original word, and the expansion of the last
- parameter is joined with the last part of the original word.
- When there are no positional parameters, "$\b$@\b@" and $\b$@\b@ expand to
+ "$\b$2\b2" ... If the double-quoted expansion occurs within a word,
+ the expansion of the first parameter is joined with the begin-
+ ning part of the original word, and the expansion of the last
+ parameter is joined with the last part of the original word.
+ When there are no positional parameters, "$\b$@\b@" and $\b$@\b@ expand to
nothing (i.e., they are removed).
#\b# Expands to the number of positional parameters in decimal.
- ?\b? Expands to the exit status of the most recently executed fore-
+ ?\b? Expands to the exit status of the most recently executed fore-
ground pipeline.
- -\b- Expands to the current option flags as specified upon invoca-
- tion, by the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command, or those set by the shell
+ -\b- Expands to the current option flags as specified upon invoca-
+ tion, by the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command, or those set by the shell
itself (such as the -\b-i\bi option).
- $\b$ Expands to the process ID of the shell. In a () subshell, it
- expands to the process ID of the current shell, not the sub-
+ $\b$ Expands to the process ID of the shell. In a () subshell, it
+ expands to the process ID of the current shell, not the sub-
shell.
- !\b! Expands to the process ID of the most recently executed back-
+ !\b! Expands to the process ID of the most recently executed back-
ground (asynchronous) command.
- 0\b0 Expands to the name of the shell or shell script. This is set
+ 0\b0 Expands to the name of the shell or shell script. This is set
at shell initialization. If b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is invoked with a file of com-
- mands, $\b$0\b0 is set to the name of that file. If b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is started
- with the -\b-c\bc option, then $\b$0\b0 is set to the first argument after
- the string to be executed, if one is present. Otherwise, it is
- set to the file name used to invoke b\bba\bas\bsh\bh, as given by argument
+ mands, $\b$0\b0 is set to the name of that file. If b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is started
+ with the -\b-c\bc option, then $\b$0\b0 is set to the first argument after
+ the string to be executed, if one is present. Otherwise, it is
+ set to the file name used to invoke b\bba\bas\bsh\bh, as given by argument
zero.
- _\b_ At shell startup, set to the absolute pathname used to invoke
- the shell or shell script being executed as passed in the envi-
- ronment or argument list. Subsequently, expands to the last
- argument to the previous command, after expansion. Also set to
- the full pathname used to invoke each command executed and
+ _\b_ At shell startup, set to the absolute pathname used to invoke
+ the shell or shell script being executed as passed in the envi-
+ ronment or argument list. Subsequently, expands to the last
+ argument to the previous command, after expansion. Also set to
+ the full pathname used to invoke each command executed and
placed in the environment exported to that command. When check-
- ing mail, this parameter holds the name of the mail file cur-
+ ing mail, this parameter holds the name of the mail file cur-
rently being checked.
S\bSh\bhe\bel\bll\bl V\bVa\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\bes\bs
The following variables are set by the shell:
- B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH Expands to the full file name used to invoke this instance of
+ B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH Expands to the full file name used to invoke this instance of
b\bba\bas\bsh\bh.
B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bHP\bPI\bID\bD
- Expands to the process id of the current bash process. This
- differs from $\b$$\b$ under certain circumstances, such as subshells
- that do not require bash to be re-initialized.
+ Expands to the process id of the current b\bba\bas\bsh\bh process. This
+ differs from $\b$$\b$ under certain circumstances, such as subshells
+ that do not require b\bba\bas\bsh\bh to be re-initialized.
B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGC\bC
- An array variable whose values are the number of parameters in
- each frame of the current bash execution call stack. The number
- of parameters to the current subroutine (shell function or
- script executed with .\b. or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be) is at the top of the stack.
- When a subroutine is executed, the number of parameters passed
+ An array variable whose values are the number of parameters in
+ each frame of the current b\bba\bas\bsh\bh execution call stack. The number
+ of parameters to the current subroutine (shell function or
+ script executed with .\b. or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be) is at the top of the stack.
+ When a subroutine is executed, the number of parameters passed
is pushed onto B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGC\bC. The shell sets B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGC\bC only when in
- extended debugging mode (see the description of the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg
+ extended debugging mode (see the description of the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg
option to the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin below)
B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGV\bV
- An array variable containing all of the parameters in the cur-
- rent bash execution call stack. The final parameter of the last
- subroutine call is at the top of the stack; the first parameter
+ An array variable containing all of the parameters in the cur-
+ rent b\bba\bas\bsh\bh execution call stack. The final parameter of the last
+ subroutine call is at the top of the stack; the first parameter
of the initial call is at the bottom. When a subroutine is exe-
- cuted, the parameters supplied are pushed onto B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGV\bV. The
- shell sets B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGV\bV only when in extended debugging mode (see
- the description of the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg option to the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin
+ cuted, the parameters supplied are pushed onto B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGV\bV. The
+ shell sets B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGV\bV only when in extended debugging mode (see
+ the description of the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg option to the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin
below)
B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD
- The command currently being executed or about to be executed,
+ The command currently being executed or about to be executed,
unless the shell is executing a command as the result of a trap,
- in which case it is the command executing at the time of the
+ in which case it is the command executing at the time of the
trap.
B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_E\bEX\bXE\bEC\bCU\bUT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN_\b_S\bST\bTR\bRI\bIN\bNG\bG
The command argument to the -\b-c\bc invocation option.
B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO
- An array variable whose members are the line numbers in source
- files corresponding to each member of F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE.
- $\b${\b{B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO[\b[_\b$_\bi]\b]}\b} is the line number in the source file where
- $\b${\b{F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE[\b[_\b$_\bi]\b]}\b} was called (or $\b${\b{B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO[\b[_\b$_\bi_\b-_\b1]\b]}\b} if refer-
- enced within another shell function). The corresponding source
- file name is $\b${\b{B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_S\bSO\bOU\bUR\bRC\bCE\bE[\b[_\b$_\bi]\b]}\b}.\b. U\bUs\bse\be L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO t\bto\bo o\bob\bbt\bta\bai\bin\bn t\bth\bhe\be c\bcu\bur\br-\b-
+ An array variable whose members are the line numbers in source
+ files corresponding to each member of F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE.
+ $\b${\b{B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO[\b[_\b$_\bi]\b]}\b} is the line number in the source file where
+ $\b${\b{F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE[\b[_\b$_\bi]\b]}\b} was called (or $\b${\b{B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO[\b[_\b$_\bi_\b-_\b1]\b]}\b} if refer-
+ enced within another shell function). The corresponding source
+ file name is $\b${\b{B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_S\bSO\bOU\bUR\bRC\bCE\bE[\b[_\b$_\bi]\b]}\b}.\b. U\bUs\bse\be L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO t\bto\bo o\bob\bbt\bta\bai\bin\bn t\bth\bhe\be c\bcu\bur\br-\b-
r\bre\ben\bnt\bt l\bli\bin\bne\be n\bnu\bum\bmb\bbe\ber\br.\b.
B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_R\bRE\bEM\bMA\bAT\bTC\bCH\bH
- An array variable whose members are assigned by the =\b=~\b~ binary
- operator to the [\b[[\b[ conditional command. The element with index
- 0 is the portion of the string matching the entire regular
- expression. The element with index _\bn is the portion of the
+ An array variable whose members are assigned by the =\b=~\b~ binary
+ operator to the [\b[[\b[ conditional command. The element with index
+ 0 is the portion of the string matching the entire regular
+ expression. The element with index _\bn is the portion of the
string matching the _\bnth parenthesized subexpression. This vari-
able is read-only.
B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_S\bSO\bOU\bUR\bRC\bCE\bE
- An array variable whose members are the source filenames corre-
+ An array variable whose members are the source filenames corre-
sponding to the elements in the F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE array variable.
B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_S\bSU\bUB\bBS\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL
- Incremented by one each time a subshell or subshell environment
+ Incremented by one each time a subshell or subshell environment
is spawned. The initial value is 0.
B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_V\bVE\bER\bRS\bSI\bIN\bNF\bFO\bO
A readonly array variable whose members hold version information
- for this instance of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh. The values assigned to the array
+ for this instance of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh. The values assigned to the array
members are as follows:
- B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_V\bVE\bER\bRS\bSI\bIN\bNF\bFO\bO[\b[0]\b] The major version number (the _\br_\be_\bl_\be_\ba_\bs_\be).
- B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_V\bVE\bER\bRS\bSI\bIN\bNF\bFO\bO[\b[1]\b] The minor version number (the _\bv_\be_\br_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn).
+ B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_V\bVE\bER\bRS\bSI\bIN\bNF\bFO\bO[\b[0]\b] The major version number (the _\br_\be_\bl_\be_\ba_\bs_\be).
+ B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_V\bVE\bER\bRS\bSI\bIN\bNF\bFO\bO[\b[1]\b] The minor version number (the _\bv_\be_\br_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn).
B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_V\bVE\bER\bRS\bSI\bIN\bNF\bFO\bO[\b[2]\b] The patch level.
B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_V\bVE\bER\bRS\bSI\bIN\bNF\bFO\bO[\b[3]\b] The build version.
B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_V\bVE\bER\bRS\bSI\bIN\bNF\bFO\bO[\b[4]\b] The release status (e.g., _\bb_\be_\bt_\ba_\b1).
B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_V\bVE\bER\bRS\bSI\bIN\bNF\bFO\bO[\b[5]\b] The value of M\bMA\bAC\bCH\bHT\bTY\bYP\bPE\bE.
B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_V\bVE\bER\bRS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN
- Expands to a string describing the version of this instance of
+ Expands to a string describing the version of this instance of
b\bba\bas\bsh\bh.
C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_C\bCW\bWO\bOR\bRD\bD
- An index into $\b${\b{C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_W\bWO\bOR\bRD\bDS\bS}\b} of the word containing the current
+ An index into $\b${\b{C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_W\bWO\bOR\bRD\bDS\bS}\b} of the word containing the current
cursor position. This variable is available only in shell func-
- tions invoked by the programmable completion facilities (see
+ tions invoked by the programmable completion facilities (see
P\bPr\bro\bog\bgr\bra\bam\bmm\bma\bab\bbl\ble\be C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn below).
C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_K\bKE\bEY\bY
rent completion function.
C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE
- The current command line. This variable is available only in
- shell functions and external commands invoked by the pro-
- grammable completion facilities (see P\bPr\bro\bog\bgr\bra\bam\bmm\bma\bab\bbl\ble\be C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn
+ The current command line. This variable is available only in
+ shell functions and external commands invoked by the pro-
+ grammable completion facilities (see P\bPr\bro\bog\bgr\bra\bam\bmm\bma\bab\bbl\ble\be C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn
below).
C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_P\bPO\bOI\bIN\bNT\bT
- The index of the current cursor position relative to the begin-
- ning of the current command. If the current cursor position is
+ The index of the current cursor position relative to the begin-
+ ning of the current command. If the current cursor position is
at the end of the current command, the value of this variable is
- equal to $\b${\b{#\b#C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE}\b}. This variable is available only in
- shell functions and external commands invoked by the pro-
- grammable completion facilities (see P\bPr\bro\bog\bgr\bra\bam\bmm\bma\bab\bbl\ble\be C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn
+ equal to $\b${\b{#\b#C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE}\b}. This variable is available only in
+ shell functions and external commands invoked by the pro-
+ grammable completion facilities (see P\bPr\bro\bog\bgr\bra\bam\bmm\bma\bab\bbl\ble\be C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn
below).
C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_T\bTY\bYP\bPE\bE
- Set to an integer value corresponding to the type of completion
- attempted that caused a completion function to be called: _\bT_\bA_\bB,
- for normal completion, _\b?, for listing completions after succes-
- sive tabs, _\b!, for listing alternatives on partial word comple-
- tion, _\b@, to list completions if the word is not unmodified, or
- _\b%, for menu completion. This variable is available only in
- shell functions and external commands invoked by the pro-
- grammable completion facilities (see P\bPr\bro\bog\bgr\bra\bam\bmm\bma\bab\bbl\ble\be C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn
+ Set to an integer value corresponding to the type of completion
+ attempted that caused a completion function to be called: _\bT_\bA_\bB,
+ for normal completion, _\b?, for listing completions after succes-
+ sive tabs, _\b!, for listing alternatives on partial word comple-
+ tion, _\b@, to list completions if the word is not unmodified, or
+ _\b%, for menu completion. This variable is available only in
+ shell functions and external commands invoked by the pro-
+ grammable completion facilities (see P\bPr\bro\bog\bgr\bra\bam\bmm\bma\bab\bbl\ble\be C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn
below).
C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_W\bWO\bOR\bRD\bDB\bBR\bRE\bEA\bAK\bKS\bS
- The set of characters that the Readline library treats as word
- separators when performing word completion. If C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_W\bWO\bOR\bRD\bDB\bBR\bRE\bEA\bAK\bKS\bS
- is unset, it loses its special properties, even if it is subse-
+ The set of characters that the Readline library treats as word
+ separators when performing word completion. If C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_W\bWO\bOR\bRD\bDB\bBR\bRE\bEA\bAK\bKS\bS
+ is unset, it loses its special properties, even if it is subse-
quently reset.
C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_W\bWO\bOR\bRD\bDS\bS
- An array variable (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs below) consisting of the individ-
- ual words in the current command line. The words are split on
- shell metacharacters as the shell parser would separate them.
- This variable is available only in shell functions invoked by
+ An array variable (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs below) consisting of the individ-
+ ual words in the current command line. The words are split on
+ shell metacharacters as the shell parser would separate them.
+ This variable is available only in shell functions invoked by
the programmable completion facilities (see P\bPr\bro\bog\bgr\bra\bam\bmm\bma\bab\bbl\ble\be C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\be-\b-
t\bti\bio\bon\bn below).
D\bDI\bIR\bRS\bST\bTA\bAC\bCK\bK
An array variable (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs below) containing the current con-
- tents of the directory stack. Directories appear in the stack
- in the order they are displayed by the d\bdi\bir\brs\bs builtin. Assigning
+ tents of the directory stack. Directories appear in the stack
+ in the order they are displayed by the d\bdi\bir\brs\bs builtin. Assigning
to members of this array variable may be used to modify directo-
- ries already in the stack, but the p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd and p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd builtins must
+ ries already in the stack, but the p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd and p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd builtins must
be used to add and remove directories. Assignment to this vari-
- able will not change the current directory. If D\bDI\bIR\bRS\bST\bTA\bAC\bCK\bK is
- unset, it loses its special properties, even if it is subse-
+ able will not change the current directory. If D\bDI\bIR\bRS\bST\bTA\bAC\bCK\bK is
+ unset, it loses its special properties, even if it is subse-
quently reset.
- E\bEU\bUI\bID\bD Expands to the effective user ID of the current user, initial-
+ E\bEU\bUI\bID\bD Expands to the effective user ID of the current user, initial-
ized at shell startup. This variable is readonly.
F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE
- An array variable containing the names of all shell functions
+ An array variable containing the names of all shell functions
currently in the execution call stack. The element with index 0
is the name of any currently-executing shell function. The bot-
- tom-most element is "main". This variable exists only when a
- shell function is executing. Assignments to F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE have no
- effect and return an error status. If F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE is unset, it
- loses its special properties, even if it is subsequently reset.
-
- G\bGR\bRO\bOU\bUP\bPS\bS An array variable containing the list of groups of which the
- current user is a member. Assignments to G\bGR\bRO\bOU\bUP\bPS\bS have no effect
- and return an error status. If G\bGR\bRO\bOU\bUP\bPS\bS is unset, it loses its
+ tom-most element is "main". This variable exists only when a
+ shell function is executing. Assignments to F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE have no
+ effect and return an error status. If F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE is unset, it
+ loses its special properties, even if it is subsequently reset.
+
+ G\bGR\bRO\bOU\bUP\bPS\bS An array variable containing the list of groups of which the
+ current user is a member. Assignments to G\bGR\bRO\bOU\bUP\bPS\bS have no effect
+ and return an error status. If G\bGR\bRO\bOU\bUP\bPS\bS is unset, it loses its
special properties, even if it is subsequently reset.
H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCM\bMD\bD
The history number, or index in the history list, of the current
- command. If H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCM\bMD\bD is unset, it loses its special properties,
+ command. If H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCM\bMD\bD is unset, it loses its special properties,
even if it is subsequently reset.
H\bHO\bOS\bST\bTN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE
Automatically set to the name of the current host.
H\bHO\bOS\bST\bTT\bTY\bYP\bPE\bE
- Automatically set to a string that uniquely describes the type
- of machine on which b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is executing. The default is system-
+ Automatically set to a string that uniquely describes the type
+ of machine on which b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is executing. The default is system-
dependent.
- L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO Each time this parameter is referenced, the shell substitutes a
- decimal number representing the current sequential line number
- (starting with 1) within a script or function. When not in a
- script or function, the value substituted is not guaranteed to
+ L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO Each time this parameter is referenced, the shell substitutes a
+ decimal number representing the current sequential line number
+ (starting with 1) within a script or function. When not in a
+ script or function, the value substituted is not guaranteed to
be meaningful. If L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO is unset, it loses its special proper-
ties, even if it is subsequently reset.
M\bMA\bAC\bCH\bHT\bTY\bYP\bPE\bE
- Automatically set to a string that fully describes the system
- type on which b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is executing, in the standard GNU _\bc_\bp_\bu_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\b-
+ Automatically set to a string that fully describes the system
+ type on which b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is executing, in the standard GNU _\bc_\bp_\bu_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\b-
_\bp_\ba_\bn_\by_\b-_\bs_\by_\bs_\bt_\be_\bm format. The default is system-dependent.
O\bOL\bLD\bDP\bPW\bWD\bD The previous working directory as set by the c\bcd\bd command.
- O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG The value of the last option argument processed by the g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs
+ O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG The value of the last option argument processed by the g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs
builtin command (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below).
- O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD The index of the next argument to be processed by the g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs
+ O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD The index of the next argument to be processed by the g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs
builtin command (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below).
- O\bOS\bST\bTY\bYP\bPE\bE Automatically set to a string that describes the operating sys-
- tem on which b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is executing. The default is system-depen-
+ O\bOS\bST\bTY\bYP\bPE\bE Automatically set to a string that describes the operating sys-
+ tem on which b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is executing. The default is system-depen-
dent.
P\bPI\bIP\bPE\bES\bST\bTA\bAT\bTU\bUS\bS
- An array variable (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs below) containing a list of exit
- status values from the processes in the most-recently-executed
+ An array variable (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs below) containing a list of exit
+ status values from the processes in the most-recently-executed
foreground pipeline (which may contain only a single command).
- P\bPP\bPI\bID\bD The process ID of the shell's parent. This variable is read-
+ P\bPP\bPI\bID\bD The process ID of the shell's parent. This variable is read-
only.
P\bPW\bWD\bD The current working directory as set by the c\bcd\bd command.
R\bRA\bAN\bND\bDO\bOM\bM Each time this parameter is referenced, a random integer between
0 and 32767 is generated. The sequence of random numbers may be
initialized by assigning a value to R\bRA\bAN\bND\bDO\bOM\bM. If R\bRA\bAN\bND\bDO\bOM\bM is unset,
- it loses its special properties, even if it is subsequently
+ it loses its special properties, even if it is subsequently
reset.
- R\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY Set to the line of input read by the r\bre\bea\bad\bd builtin command when
+ R\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY Set to the line of input read by the r\bre\bea\bad\bd builtin command when
no arguments are supplied.
S\bSE\bEC\bCO\bON\bND\bDS\bS
- Each time this parameter is referenced, the number of seconds
- since shell invocation is returned. If a value is assigned to
- S\bSE\bEC\bCO\bON\bND\bDS\bS, the value returned upon subsequent references is the
- number of seconds since the assignment plus the value assigned.
+ Each time this parameter is referenced, the number of seconds
+ since shell invocation is returned. If a value is assigned to
+ S\bSE\bEC\bCO\bON\bND\bDS\bS, the value returned upon subsequent references is the
+ number of seconds since the assignment plus the value assigned.
If S\bSE\bEC\bCO\bON\bND\bDS\bS is unset, it loses its special properties, even if it
is subsequently reset.
S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bLO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS
- A colon-separated list of enabled shell options. Each word in
- the list is a valid argument for the -\b-o\bo option to the s\bse\bet\bt
+ A colon-separated list of enabled shell options. Each word in
+ the list is a valid argument for the -\b-o\bo option to the s\bse\bet\bt
builtin command (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below). The options
- appearing in S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bLO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS are those reported as _\bo_\bn by s\bse\bet\bt -\b-o\bo. If
- this variable is in the environment when b\bba\bas\bsh\bh starts up, each
- shell option in the list will be enabled before reading any
+ appearing in S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bLO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS are those reported as _\bo_\bn by s\bse\bet\bt -\b-o\bo. If
+ this variable is in the environment when b\bba\bas\bsh\bh starts up, each
+ shell option in the list will be enabled before reading any
startup files. This variable is read-only.
S\bSH\bHL\bLV\bVL\bL Incremented by one each time an instance of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is started.
U\bUI\bID\bD Expands to the user ID of the current user, initialized at shell
startup. This variable is readonly.
- The following variables are used by the shell. In some cases, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh
+ The following variables are used by the shell. In some cases, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh
assigns a default value to a variable; these cases are noted below.
B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_E\bEN\bNV\bV
- If this parameter is set when b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is executing a shell script,
- its value is interpreted as a filename containing commands to
+ If this parameter is set when b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is executing a shell script,
+ its value is interpreted as a filename containing commands to
initialize the shell, as in _\b~_\b/_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\br_\bc. The value of B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_E\bEN\bNV\bV is
- subjected to parameter expansion, command substitution, and
- arithmetic expansion before being interpreted as a file name.
+ subjected to parameter expansion, command substitution, and
+ arithmetic expansion before being interpreted as a file name.
P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is not used to search for the resultant file name.
- C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH The search path for the c\bcd\bd command. This is a colon-separated
- list of directories in which the shell looks for destination
- directories specified by the c\bcd\bd command. A sample value is
+ C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH The search path for the c\bcd\bd command. This is a colon-separated
+ list of directories in which the shell looks for destination
+ directories specified by the c\bcd\bd command. A sample value is
".:~:/usr".
C\bCO\bOL\bLU\bUM\bMN\bNS\bS
- Used by the s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt builtin command to determine the terminal
- width when printing selection lists. Automatically set upon
+ Used by the s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt builtin command to determine the terminal
+ width when printing selection lists. Automatically set upon
receipt of a SIGWINCH.
C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bPR\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY
An array variable from which b\bba\bas\bsh\bh reads the possible completions
- generated by a shell function invoked by the programmable com-
+ generated by a shell function invoked by the programmable com-
pletion facility (see P\bPr\bro\bog\bgr\bra\bam\bmm\bma\bab\bbl\ble\be C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn below).
- E\bEM\bMA\bAC\bCS\bS If b\bba\bas\bsh\bh finds this variable in the environment when the shell
- starts with value "t", it assumes that the shell is running in
+ E\bEM\bMA\bAC\bCS\bS If b\bba\bas\bsh\bh finds this variable in the environment when the shell
+ starts with value "t", it assumes that the shell is running in
an emacs shell buffer and disables line editing.
F\bFC\bCE\bED\bDI\bIT\bT The default editor for the f\bfc\bc builtin command.
F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE
- A colon-separated list of suffixes to ignore when performing
+ A colon-separated list of suffixes to ignore when performing
filename completion (see R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE below). A filename whose suf-
- fix matches one of the entries in F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE is excluded from the
+ fix matches one of the entries in F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE is excluded from the
list of matched filenames. A sample value is ".o:~".
G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE
A colon-separated list of patterns defining the set of filenames
to be ignored by pathname expansion. If a filename matched by a
- pathname expansion pattern also matches one of the patterns in
+ pathname expansion pattern also matches one of the patterns in
G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE, it is removed from the list of matches.
H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL
- A colon-separated list of values controlling how commands are
- saved on the history list. If the list of values includes
- _\bi_\bg_\bn_\bo_\br_\be_\bs_\bp_\ba_\bc_\be, lines which begin with a s\bsp\bpa\bac\bce\be character are not
- saved in the history list. A value of _\bi_\bg_\bn_\bo_\br_\be_\bd_\bu_\bp_\bs causes lines
+ A colon-separated list of values controlling how commands are
+ saved on the history list. If the list of values includes
+ _\bi_\bg_\bn_\bo_\br_\be_\bs_\bp_\ba_\bc_\be, lines which begin with a s\bsp\bpa\bac\bce\be character are not
+ saved in the history list. A value of _\bi_\bg_\bn_\bo_\br_\be_\bd_\bu_\bp_\bs causes lines
matching the previous history entry to not be saved. A value of
_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bo_\br_\be_\bb_\bo_\bt_\bh is shorthand for _\bi_\bg_\bn_\bo_\br_\be_\bs_\bp_\ba_\bc_\be and _\bi_\bg_\bn_\bo_\br_\be_\bd_\bu_\bp_\bs. A value
of _\be_\br_\ba_\bs_\be_\bd_\bu_\bp_\bs causes all previous lines matching the current line
- to be removed from the history list before that line is saved.
- Any value not in the above list is ignored. If H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL is
- unset, or does not include a valid value, all lines read by the
+ to be removed from the history list before that line is saved.
+ Any value not in the above list is ignored. If H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL is
+ unset, or does not include a valid value, all lines read by the
shell parser are saved on the history list, subject to the value
- of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE. The second and subsequent lines of a multi-line
- compound command are not tested, and are added to the history
+ of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE. The second and subsequent lines of a multi-line
+ compound command are not tested, and are added to the history
regardless of the value of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL.
H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE
The name of the file in which command history is saved (see H\bHI\bIS\bS-\b-
- T\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY below). The default value is _\b~_\b/_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\b__\bh_\bi_\bs_\bt_\bo_\br_\by. If unset,
- the command history is not saved when an interactive shell
+ T\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY below). The default value is _\b~_\b/_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\b__\bh_\bi_\bs_\bt_\bo_\br_\by. If unset,
+ the command history is not saved when an interactive shell
exits.
H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bES\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE
The maximum number of lines contained in the history file. When
- this variable is assigned a value, the history file is trun-
- cated, if necessary, by removing the oldest entries, to contain
- no more than that number of lines. The default value is 500.
+ this variable is assigned a value, the history file is trun-
+ cated, if necessary, by removing the oldest entries, to contain
+ no more than that number of lines. The default value is 500.
The history file is also truncated to this size after writing it
when an interactive shell exits.
H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE
- A colon-separated list of patterns used to decide which command
- lines should be saved on the history list. Each pattern is
- anchored at the beginning of the line and must match the com-
- plete line (no implicit `*\b*' is appended). Each pattern is
- tested against the line after the checks specified by H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCO\bON\bN-\b-
- T\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL are applied. In addition to the normal shell pattern
+ A colon-separated list of patterns used to decide which command
+ lines should be saved on the history list. Each pattern is
+ anchored at the beginning of the line and must match the com-
+ plete line (no implicit `*\b*' is appended). Each pattern is
+ tested against the line after the checks specified by H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCO\bON\bN-\b-
+ T\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL are applied. In addition to the normal shell pattern
matching characters, `&\b&' matches the previous history line. `&\b&'
- may be escaped using a backslash; the backslash is removed
+ may be escaped using a backslash; the backslash is removed
before attempting a match. The second and subsequent lines of a
multi-line compound command are not tested, and are added to the
history regardless of the value of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE.
H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTS\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE
- The number of commands to remember in the command history (see
+ The number of commands to remember in the command history (see
H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY below). The default value is 500.
H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bEF\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT
- If this variable is set and not null, its value is used as a
+ If this variable is set and not null, its value is used as a
format string for _\bs_\bt_\br_\bf_\bt_\bi_\bm_\be(3) to print the time stamp associated
- with each history entry displayed by the h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by builtin. If
- this variable is set, time stamps are written to the history
- file so they may be preserved across shell sessions. This uses
- the history comment character to distinguish timestamps from
+ with each history entry displayed by the h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by builtin. If
+ this variable is set, time stamps are written to the history
+ file so they may be preserved across shell sessions. This uses
+ the history comment character to distinguish timestamps from
other history lines.
H\bHO\bOM\bME\bE The home directory of the current user; the default argument for
the c\bcd\bd builtin command. The value of this variable is also used
when performing tilde expansion.
H\bHO\bOS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE
- Contains the name of a file in the same format as _\b/_\be_\bt_\bc_\b/_\bh_\bo_\bs_\bt_\bs
+ Contains the name of a file in the same format as _\b/_\be_\bt_\bc_\b/_\bh_\bo_\bs_\bt_\bs
that should be read when the shell needs to complete a hostname.
- The list of possible hostname completions may be changed while
- the shell is running; the next time hostname completion is
- attempted after the value is changed, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh adds the contents of
- the new file to the existing list. If H\bHO\bOS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is set, but has
+ The list of possible hostname completions may be changed while
+ the shell is running; the next time hostname completion is
+ attempted after the value is changed, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh adds the contents of
+ the new file to the existing list. If H\bHO\bOS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is set, but has
no value, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts to read _\b/_\be_\bt_\bc_\b/_\bh_\bo_\bs_\bt_\bs to obtain the list of
- possible hostname completions. When H\bHO\bOS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is unset, the
+ possible hostname completions. When H\bHO\bOS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is unset, the
hostname list is cleared.
- I\bIF\bFS\bS The _\bI_\bn_\bt_\be_\br_\bn_\ba_\bl _\bF_\bi_\be_\bl_\bd _\bS_\be_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bt_\bo_\br that is used for word splitting
- after expansion and to split lines into words with the r\bre\bea\bad\bd
+ I\bIF\bFS\bS The _\bI_\bn_\bt_\be_\br_\bn_\ba_\bl _\bF_\bi_\be_\bl_\bd _\bS_\be_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bt_\bo_\br that is used for word splitting
+ after expansion and to split lines into words with the r\bre\bea\bad\bd
builtin command. The default value is ``<space><tab><new-
line>''.
I\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bEE\bEO\bOF\bF
Controls the action of an interactive shell on receipt of an E\bEO\bOF\bF
character as the sole input. If set, the value is the number of
- consecutive E\bEO\bOF\bF characters which must be typed as the first
- characters on an input line before b\bba\bas\bsh\bh exits. If the variable
- exists but does not have a numeric value, or has no value, the
- default value is 10. If it does not exist, E\bEO\bOF\bF signifies the
+ consecutive E\bEO\bOF\bF characters which must be typed as the first
+ characters on an input line before b\bba\bas\bsh\bh exits. If the variable
+ exists but does not have a numeric value, or has no value, the
+ default value is 10. If it does not exist, E\bEO\bOF\bF signifies the
end of input to the shell.
I\bIN\bNP\bPU\bUT\bTR\bRC\bC
- The filename for the r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be startup file, overriding the
+ The filename for the r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be startup file, overriding the
default of _\b~_\b/_\b._\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc (see R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE below).
- L\bLA\bAN\bNG\bG Used to determine the locale category for any category not
+ L\bLA\bAN\bNG\bG Used to determine the locale category for any category not
specifically selected with a variable starting with L\bLC\bC_\b_.
- L\bLC\bC_\b_A\bAL\bLL\bL This variable overrides the value of L\bLA\bAN\bNG\bG and any other L\bLC\bC_\b_
+ L\bLC\bC_\b_A\bAL\bLL\bL This variable overrides the value of L\bLA\bAN\bNG\bG and any other L\bLC\bC_\b_
variable specifying a locale category.
L\bLC\bC_\b_C\bCO\bOL\bLL\bLA\bAT\bTE\bE
- This variable determines the collation order used when sorting
- the results of pathname expansion, and determines the behavior
- of range expressions, equivalence classes, and collating
+ This variable determines the collation order used when sorting
+ the results of pathname expansion, and determines the behavior
+ of range expressions, equivalence classes, and collating
sequences within pathname expansion and pattern matching.
L\bLC\bC_\b_C\bCT\bTY\bYP\bPE\bE
- This variable determines the interpretation of characters and
- the behavior of character classes within pathname expansion and
+ This variable determines the interpretation of characters and
+ the behavior of character classes within pathname expansion and
pattern matching.
L\bLC\bC_\b_M\bME\bES\bSS\bSA\bAG\bGE\bES\bS
- This variable determines the locale used to translate double-
+ This variable determines the locale used to translate double-
quoted strings preceded by a $\b$.
L\bLC\bC_\b_N\bNU\bUM\bME\bER\bRI\bIC\bC
- This variable determines the locale category used for number
+ This variable determines the locale category used for number
formatting.
- L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bES\bS Used by the s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt builtin command to determine the column
- length for printing selection lists. Automatically set upon
+ L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bES\bS Used by the s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt builtin command to determine the column
+ length for printing selection lists. Automatically set upon
receipt of a SIGWINCH.
- M\bMA\bAI\bIL\bL If this parameter is set to a file name and the M\bMA\bAI\bIL\bLP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH vari-
+ M\bMA\bAI\bIL\bL If this parameter is set to a file name and the M\bMA\bAI\bIL\bLP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH vari-
able is not set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh informs the user of the arrival of mail in
the specified file.
M\bMA\bAI\bIL\bLC\bCH\bHE\bEC\bCK\bK
- Specifies how often (in seconds) b\bba\bas\bsh\bh checks for mail. The
- default is 60 seconds. When it is time to check for mail, the
- shell does so before displaying the primary prompt. If this
- variable is unset, or set to a value that is not a number
+ Specifies how often (in seconds) b\bba\bas\bsh\bh checks for mail. The
+ default is 60 seconds. When it is time to check for mail, the
+ shell does so before displaying the primary prompt. If this
+ variable is unset, or set to a value that is not a number
greater than or equal to zero, the shell disables mail checking.
M\bMA\bAI\bIL\bLP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH
- A colon-separated list of file names to be checked for mail.
+ A colon-separated list of file names to be checked for mail.
The message to be printed when mail arrives in a particular file
- may be specified by separating the file name from the message
+ may be specified by separating the file name from the message
with a `?'. When used in the text of the message, $\b$_\b_ expands to
the name of the current mailfile. Example:
M\bMA\bAI\bIL\bLP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH='/var/mail/bfox?"You have mail":~/shell-mail?"$_ has
mail!"'
- B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh supplies a default value for this variable, but the loca-
- tion of the user mail files that it uses is system dependent
+ B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh supplies a default value for this variable, but the loca-
+ tion of the user mail files that it uses is system dependent
(e.g., /var/mail/$\b$U\bUS\bSE\bER\bR).
O\bOP\bPT\bTE\bER\bRR\bR If set to the value 1, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh displays error messages generated by
- the g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs builtin command (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below).
- O\bOP\bPT\bTE\bER\bRR\bR is initialized to 1 each time the shell is invoked or a
+ the g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs builtin command (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below).
+ O\bOP\bPT\bTE\bER\bRR\bR is initialized to 1 each time the shell is invoked or a
shell script is executed.
- P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH The search path for commands. It is a colon-separated list of
- directories in which the shell looks for commands (see C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD
- E\bEX\bXE\bEC\bCU\bUT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN below). A zero-length (null) directory name in the
+ P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH The search path for commands. It is a colon-separated list of
+ directories in which the shell looks for commands (see C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD
+ E\bEX\bXE\bEC\bCU\bUT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN below). A zero-length (null) directory name in the
value of P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH indicates the current directory. A null directory
- name may appear as two adjacent colons, or as an initial or
- trailing colon. The default path is system-dependent, and is
- set by the administrator who installs b\bba\bas\bsh\bh. A common value is
+ name may appear as two adjacent colons, or as an initial or
+ trailing colon. The default path is system-dependent, and is
+ set by the administrator who installs b\bba\bas\bsh\bh. A common value is
``/usr/gnu/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/ucb:/bin:/usr/bin''.
P\bPO\bOS\bSI\bIX\bXL\bLY\bY_\b_C\bCO\bOR\bRR\bRE\bEC\bCT\bT
- If this variable is in the environment when b\bba\bas\bsh\bh starts, the
- shell enters _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be before reading the startup files, as if
- the -\b--\b-p\bpo\bos\bsi\bix\bx invocation option had been supplied. If it is set
- while the shell is running, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh enables _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be, as if the
+ If this variable is in the environment when b\bba\bas\bsh\bh starts, the
+ shell enters _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be before reading the startup files, as if
+ the -\b--\b-p\bpo\bos\bsi\bix\bx invocation option had been supplied. If it is set
+ while the shell is running, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh enables _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be, as if the
command _\bs_\be_\bt _\b-_\bo _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx had been executed.
P\bPR\bRO\bOM\bMP\bPT\bT_\b_C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD
If set, the value is executed as a command prior to issuing each
primary prompt.
- P\bPS\bS1\b1 The value of this parameter is expanded (see P\bPR\bRO\bOM\bMP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bNG\bG below)
- and used as the primary prompt string. The default value is
+ P\bPS\bS1\b1 The value of this parameter is expanded (see P\bPR\bRO\bOM\bMP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bNG\bG below)
+ and used as the primary prompt string. The default value is
``\\b\s\bs-\b-\\b\v\bv\\b\$\b$ ''.
- P\bPS\bS2\b2 The value of this parameter is expanded as with P\bPS\bS1\b1 and used as
+ P\bPS\bS2\b2 The value of this parameter is expanded as with P\bPS\bS1\b1 and used as
the secondary prompt string. The default is ``>\b> ''.
P\bPS\bS3\b3 The value of this parameter is used as the prompt for the s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt
command (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR above).
- P\bPS\bS4\b4 The value of this parameter is expanded as with P\bPS\bS1\b1 and the
- value is printed before each command b\bba\bas\bsh\bh displays during an
- execution trace. The first character of P\bPS\bS4\b4 is replicated mul-
- tiple times, as necessary, to indicate multiple levels of indi-
+ P\bPS\bS4\b4 The value of this parameter is expanded as with P\bPS\bS1\b1 and the
+ value is printed before each command b\bba\bas\bsh\bh displays during an
+ execution trace. The first character of P\bPS\bS4\b4 is replicated mul-
+ tiple times, as necessary, to indicate multiple levels of indi-
rection. The default is ``+\b+ ''.
S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL The full pathname to the shell is kept in this environment vari-
- able. If it is not set when the shell starts, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh assigns to
+ able. If it is not set when the shell starts, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh assigns to
it the full pathname of the current user's login shell.
T\bTI\bIM\bME\bEF\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT
- The value of this parameter is used as a format string specify-
- ing how the timing information for pipelines prefixed with the
- t\bti\bim\bme\be reserved word should be displayed. The %\b% character intro-
- duces an escape sequence that is expanded to a time value or
- other information. The escape sequences and their meanings are
+ The value of this parameter is used as a format string specify-
+ ing how the timing information for pipelines prefixed with the
+ t\bti\bim\bme\be reserved word should be displayed. The %\b% character intro-
+ duces an escape sequence that is expanded to a time value or
+ other information. The escape sequences and their meanings are
as follows; the braces denote optional portions.
%\b%%\b% A literal %\b%.
%\b%[\b[_\bp]\b][\b[l\bl]\b]R\bR The elapsed time in seconds.
%\b%[\b[_\bp]\b][\b[l\bl]\b]S\bS The number of CPU seconds spent in system mode.
%\b%P\bP The CPU percentage, computed as (%U + %S) / %R.
- The optional _\bp is a digit specifying the _\bp_\br_\be_\bc_\bi_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn, the number
+ The optional _\bp is a digit specifying the _\bp_\br_\be_\bc_\bi_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn, the number
of fractional digits after a decimal point. A value of 0 causes
no decimal point or fraction to be output. At most three places
- after the decimal point may be specified; values of _\bp greater
- than 3 are changed to 3. If _\bp is not specified, the value 3 is
+ after the decimal point may be specified; values of _\bp greater
+ than 3 are changed to 3. If _\bp is not specified, the value 3 is
used.
- The optional l\bl specifies a longer format, including minutes, of
- the form _\bM_\bMm_\bS_\bS._\bF_\bFs. The value of _\bp determines whether or not
+ The optional l\bl specifies a longer format, including minutes, of
+ the form _\bM_\bMm_\bS_\bS._\bF_\bFs. The value of _\bp determines whether or not
the fraction is included.
- If this variable is not set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh acts as if it had the value
- $\b$'\b'\\b\n\bnr\bre\bea\bal\bl\\b\t\bt%\b%3\b3l\blR\bR\\b\n\bnu\bus\bse\ber\br\\b\t\bt%\b%3\b3l\blU\bU\\b\n\bns\bsy\bys\bs%\b%3\b3l\blS\bS'\b'. If the value is null, no
- timing information is displayed. A trailing newline is added
+ If this variable is not set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh acts as if it had the value
+ $\b$'\b'\\b\n\bnr\bre\bea\bal\bl\\b\t\bt%\b%3\b3l\blR\bR\\b\n\bnu\bus\bse\ber\br\\b\t\bt%\b%3\b3l\blU\bU\\b\n\bns\bsy\bys\bs%\b%3\b3l\blS\bS'\b'. If the value is null, no
+ timing information is displayed. A trailing newline is added
when the format string is displayed.
- T\bTM\bMO\bOU\bUT\bT If set to a value greater than zero, T\bTM\bMO\bOU\bUT\bT is treated as the
+ T\bTM\bMO\bOU\bUT\bT If set to a value greater than zero, T\bTM\bMO\bOU\bUT\bT is treated as the
default timeout for the r\bre\bea\bad\bd builtin. The s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt command termi-
nates if input does not arrive after T\bTM\bMO\bOU\bUT\bT seconds when input is
- coming from a terminal. In an interactive shell, the value is
- interpreted as the number of seconds to wait for input after
- issuing the primary prompt. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh terminates after waiting for
+ coming from a terminal. In an interactive shell, the value is
+ interpreted as the number of seconds to wait for input after
+ issuing the primary prompt. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh terminates after waiting for
that number of seconds if input does not arrive.
- T\bTM\bMP\bPD\bDI\bIR\bR If set, B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh uses its value as the name of a directory in which
+ T\bTM\bMP\bPD\bDI\bIR\bR If set, B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh uses its value as the name of a directory in which
B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh creates temporary files for the shell's use.
a\bau\but\bto\bo_\b_r\bre\bes\bsu\bum\bme\be
This variable controls how the shell interacts with the user and
- job control. If this variable is set, single word simple com-
+ job control. If this variable is set, single word simple com-
mands without redirections are treated as candidates for resump-
tion of an existing stopped job. There is no ambiguity allowed;
- if there is more than one job beginning with the string typed,
- the job most recently accessed is selected. The _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be of a
- stopped job, in this context, is the command line used to start
- it. If set to the value _\be_\bx_\ba_\bc_\bt, the string supplied must match
- the name of a stopped job exactly; if set to _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg, the
- string supplied needs to match a substring of the name of a
- stopped job. The _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg value provides functionality analo-
- gous to the %\b%?\b? job identifier (see J\bJO\bOB\bB C\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL below). If set
- to any other value, the supplied string must be a prefix of a
+ if there is more than one job beginning with the string typed,
+ the job most recently accessed is selected. The _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be of a
+ stopped job, in this context, is the command line used to start
+ it. If set to the value _\be_\bx_\ba_\bc_\bt, the string supplied must match
+ the name of a stopped job exactly; if set to _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg, the
+ string supplied needs to match a substring of the name of a
+ stopped job. The _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg value provides functionality analo-
+ gous to the %\b%?\b? job identifier (see J\bJO\bOB\bB C\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL below). If set
+ to any other value, the supplied string must be a prefix of a
stopped job's name; this provides functionality analogous to the
%\b%_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg job identifier.
h\bhi\bis\bst\btc\bch\bha\bar\brs\bs
- The two or three characters which control history expansion and
+ The two or three characters which control history expansion and
tokenization (see H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN below). The first character
- is the _\bh_\bi_\bs_\bt_\bo_\br_\by _\be_\bx_\bp_\ba_\bn_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn character, the character which signals
- the start of a history expansion, normally `!\b!'. The second
- character is the _\bq_\bu_\bi_\bc_\bk _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bt_\bi_\bt_\bu_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn character, which is used as
- shorthand for re-running the previous command entered, substi-
- tuting one string for another in the command. The default is
- `^\b^'. The optional third character is the character which indi-
- cates that the remainder of the line is a comment when found as
- the first character of a word, normally `#\b#'. The history com-
+ is the _\bh_\bi_\bs_\bt_\bo_\br_\by _\be_\bx_\bp_\ba_\bn_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn character, the character which signals
+ the start of a history expansion, normally `!\b!'. The second
+ character is the _\bq_\bu_\bi_\bc_\bk _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bt_\bi_\bt_\bu_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn character, which is used as
+ shorthand for re-running the previous command entered, substi-
+ tuting one string for another in the command. The default is
+ `^\b^'. The optional third character is the character which indi-
+ cates that the remainder of the line is a comment when found as
+ the first character of a word, normally `#\b#'. The history com-
ment character causes history substitution to be skipped for the
- remaining words on the line. It does not necessarily cause the
+ remaining words on the line. It does not necessarily cause the
shell parser to treat the rest of the line as a comment.
A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs
- B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh provides one-dimensional array variables. Any variable may be
+ B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh provides one-dimensional array variables. Any variable may be
used as an array; the d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be builtin will explicitly declare an array.
- There is no maximum limit on the size of an array, nor any requirement
- that members be indexed or assigned contiguously. Arrays are indexed
+ There is no maximum limit on the size of an array, nor any requirement
+ that members be indexed or assigned contiguously. Arrays are indexed
using integers and are zero-based.
- An array is created automatically if any variable is assigned to using
- the syntax _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[_\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt]=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be. The _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt is treated as an
- arithmetic expression that must evaluate to a number greater than or
- equal to zero. To explicitly declare an array, use d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be -\b-a\ba _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
+ An array is created automatically if any variable is assigned to using
+ the syntax _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[_\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt]=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be. The _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt is treated as an
+ arithmetic expression that must evaluate to a number greater than or
+ equal to zero. To explicitly declare an array, use d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be -\b-a\ba _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
(see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below). d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be -\b-a\ba _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[\b[_\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt]\b] is also
accepted; the _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt is ignored. Attributes may be specified for an
array variable using the d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be and r\bre\bea\bad\bdo\bon\bnl\bly\by builtins. Each attribute
applies to all members of an array.
- Arrays are assigned to using compound assignments of the form
- _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be=(\b(value_\b1 ... value_\bn)\b), where each _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be is of the form [_\bs_\bu_\bb_\b-
+ Arrays are assigned to using compound assignments of the form
+ _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be=(\b(value_\b1 ... value_\bn)\b), where each _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be is of the form [_\bs_\bu_\bb_\b-
_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt]=_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg. Only _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg is required. If the optional brackets and
- subscript are supplied, that index is assigned to; otherwise the index
- of the element assigned is the last index assigned to by the statement
- plus one. Indexing starts at zero. This syntax is also accepted by
- the d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be builtin. Individual array elements may be assigned to
+ subscript are supplied, that index is assigned to; otherwise the index
+ of the element assigned is the last index assigned to by the statement
+ plus one. Indexing starts at zero. This syntax is also accepted by
+ the d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be builtin. Individual array elements may be assigned to
using the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[_\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt]=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be syntax introduced above.
- Any element of an array may be referenced using ${_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[_\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt]}.
+ Any element of an array may be referenced using ${_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[_\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt]}.
The braces are required to avoid conflicts with pathname expansion. If
- _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt is @\b@ or *\b*, the word expands to all members of _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. These
- subscripts differ only when the word appears within double quotes. If
+ _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt is @\b@ or *\b*, the word expands to all members of _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. These
+ subscripts differ only when the word appears within double quotes. If
the word is double-quoted, ${_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[*]} expands to a single word with the
- value of each array member separated by the first character of the I\bIF\bFS\bS
+ value of each array member separated by the first character of the I\bIF\bFS\bS
special variable, and ${_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[@]} expands each element of _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be to a sep-
- arate word. When there are no array members, ${_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[@]} expands to
- nothing. If the double-quoted expansion occurs within a word, the
- expansion of the first parameter is joined with the beginning part of
- the original word, and the expansion of the last parameter is joined
- with the last part of the original word. This is analogous to the
- expansion of the special parameters *\b* and @\b@ (see S\bSp\bpe\bec\bci\bia\bal\bl P\bPa\bar\bra\bam\bme\bet\bte\ber\brs\bs
- above). ${#_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[_\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt]} expands to the length of ${_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[_\bs_\bu_\bb_\b-
- _\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt]}. If _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt is *\b* or @\b@, the expansion is the number of ele-
- ments in the array. Referencing an array variable without a subscript
+ arate word. When there are no array members, ${_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[@]} expands to
+ nothing. If the double-quoted expansion occurs within a word, the
+ expansion of the first parameter is joined with the beginning part of
+ the original word, and the expansion of the last parameter is joined
+ with the last part of the original word. This is analogous to the
+ expansion of the special parameters *\b* and @\b@ (see S\bSp\bpe\bec\bci\bia\bal\bl P\bPa\bar\bra\bam\bme\bet\bte\ber\brs\bs
+ above). ${#_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[_\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt]} expands to the length of ${_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[_\bs_\bu_\bb_\b-
+ _\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt]}. If _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt is *\b* or @\b@, the expansion is the number of ele-
+ ments in the array. Referencing an array variable without a subscript
is equivalent to referencing element zero.
- The u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt builtin is used to destroy arrays. u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[_\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt]
- destroys the array element at index _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt. Care must be taken to
+ The u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt builtin is used to destroy arrays. u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[_\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt]
+ destroys the array element at index _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt. Care must be taken to
avoid unwanted side effects caused by filename generation. u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be,
- where _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is an array, or u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[_\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt], where _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt is *\b*
+ where _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is an array, or u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[_\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt], where _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt is *\b*
or @\b@, removes the entire array.
- The d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be, l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdo\bon\bnl\bly\by builtins each accept a -\b-a\ba option to
- specify an array. The r\bre\bea\bad\bd builtin accepts a -\b-a\ba option to assign a
- list of words read from the standard input to an array. The s\bse\bet\bt and
- d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be builtins display array values in a way that allows them to be
+ The d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be, l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdo\bon\bnl\bly\by builtins each accept a -\b-a\ba option to
+ specify an array. The r\bre\bea\bad\bd builtin accepts a -\b-a\ba option to assign a
+ list of words read from the standard input to an array. The s\bse\bet\bt and
+ d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be builtins display array values in a way that allows them to be
reused as assignments.
E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN
Expansion is performed on the command line after it has been split into
- words. There are seven kinds of expansion performed: _\bb_\br_\ba_\bc_\be _\be_\bx_\bp_\ba_\bn_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn,
- _\bt_\bi_\bl_\bd_\be _\be_\bx_\bp_\ba_\bn_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn, _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br _\ba_\bn_\bd _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be _\be_\bx_\bp_\ba_\bn_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn, _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bt_\bi_\bt_\bu_\b-
+ words. There are seven kinds of expansion performed: _\bb_\br_\ba_\bc_\be _\be_\bx_\bp_\ba_\bn_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn,
+ _\bt_\bi_\bl_\bd_\be _\be_\bx_\bp_\ba_\bn_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn, _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br _\ba_\bn_\bd _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be _\be_\bx_\bp_\ba_\bn_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn, _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bt_\bi_\bt_\bu_\b-
_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn, _\ba_\br_\bi_\bt_\bh_\bm_\be_\bt_\bi_\bc _\be_\bx_\bp_\ba_\bn_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn, _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd _\bs_\bp_\bl_\bi_\bt_\bt_\bi_\bn_\bg, and _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bh_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be _\be_\bx_\bp_\ba_\bn_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn.
- The order of expansions is: brace expansion, tilde expansion, parame-
- ter, variable and arithmetic expansion and command substitution (done
+ The order of expansions is: brace expansion, tilde expansion, parame-
+ ter, variable and arithmetic expansion and command substitution (done
in a left-to-right fashion), word splitting, and pathname expansion.
On systems that can support it, there is an additional expansion avail-
able: _\bp_\br_\bo_\bc_\be_\bs_\bs _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bt_\bi_\bt_\bu_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn.
Only brace expansion, word splitting, and pathname expansion can change
- the number of words of the expansion; other expansions expand a single
- word to a single word. The only exceptions to this are the expansions
+ the number of words of the expansion; other expansions expand a single
+ word to a single word. The only exceptions to this are the expansions
of "$\b$@\b@" and "$\b${\b{_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[\b[@\b@]\b]}\b}" as explained above (see P\bPA\bAR\bRA\bAM\bME\bET\bTE\bER\bRS\bS).
B\bBr\bra\bac\bce\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn
_\bB_\br_\ba_\bc_\be _\be_\bx_\bp_\ba_\bn_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn is a mechanism by which arbitrary strings may be gener-
- ated. This mechanism is similar to _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bh_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be _\be_\bx_\bp_\ba_\bn_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn, but the file-
+ ated. This mechanism is similar to _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bh_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be _\be_\bx_\bp_\ba_\bn_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn, but the file-
names generated need not exist. Patterns to be brace expanded take the
form of an optional _\bp_\br_\be_\ba_\bm_\bb_\bl_\be, followed by either a series of comma-sep-
- arated strings or a sequence expression between a pair of braces, fol-
- lowed by an optional _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bt_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt. The preamble is prefixed to each
+ arated strings or a sequence expression between a pair of braces, fol-
+ lowed by an optional _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bt_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt. The preamble is prefixed to each
string contained within the braces, and the postscript is then appended
to each resulting string, expanding left to right.
- Brace expansions may be nested. The results of each expanded string
- are not sorted; left to right order is preserved. For example,
+ Brace expansions may be nested. The results of each expanded string
+ are not sorted; left to right order is preserved. For example,
a{\b{d,c,b}\b}e expands into `ade ace abe'.
- A sequence expression takes the form {\b{_\bx.\b..\b._\by}\b}, where _\bx and _\by are either
+ A sequence expression takes the form {\b{_\bx.\b..\b._\by}\b}, where _\bx and _\by are either
integers or single characters. When integers are supplied, the expres-
- sion expands to each number between _\bx and _\by, inclusive. When charac-
- ters are supplied, the expression expands to each character lexico-
+ sion expands to each number between _\bx and _\by, inclusive. When charac-
+ ters are supplied, the expression expands to each character lexico-
graphically between _\bx and _\by, inclusive. Note that both _\bx and _\by must be
of the same type.
Brace expansion is performed before any other expansions, and any char-
- acters special to other expansions are preserved in the result. It is
- strictly textual. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh does not apply any syntactic interpretation to
+ acters special to other expansions are preserved in the result. It is
+ strictly textual. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh does not apply any syntactic interpretation to
the context of the expansion or the text between the braces.
- A correctly-formed brace expansion must contain unquoted opening and
- closing braces, and at least one unquoted comma or a valid sequence
- expression. Any incorrectly formed brace expansion is left unchanged.
+ A correctly-formed brace expansion must contain unquoted opening and
+ closing braces, and at least one unquoted comma or a valid sequence
+ expression. Any incorrectly formed brace expansion is left unchanged.
A {\b{ or ,\b, may be quoted with a backslash to prevent its being considered
- part of a brace expression. To avoid conflicts with parameter expan-
+ part of a brace expression. To avoid conflicts with parameter expan-
sion, the string $\b${\b{ is not considered eligible for brace expansion.
This construct is typically used as shorthand when the common prefix of
or
chown root /usr/{ucb/{ex,edit},lib/{ex?.?*,how_ex}}
- Brace expansion introduces a slight incompatibility with historical
- versions of s\bsh\bh. s\bsh\bh does not treat opening or closing braces specially
- when they appear as part of a word, and preserves them in the output.
- B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh removes braces from words as a consequence of brace expansion.
- For example, a word entered to s\bsh\bh as _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b{_\b1_\b,_\b2_\b} appears identically in
- the output. The same word is output as _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b1 _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b2 after expansion by
- b\bba\bas\bsh\bh. If strict compatibility with s\bsh\bh is desired, start b\bba\bas\bsh\bh with the
+ Brace expansion introduces a slight incompatibility with historical
+ versions of s\bsh\bh. s\bsh\bh does not treat opening or closing braces specially
+ when they appear as part of a word, and preserves them in the output.
+ B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh removes braces from words as a consequence of brace expansion.
+ For example, a word entered to s\bsh\bh as _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b{_\b1_\b,_\b2_\b} appears identically in
+ the output. The same word is output as _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b1 _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b2 after expansion by
+ b\bba\bas\bsh\bh. If strict compatibility with s\bsh\bh is desired, start b\bba\bas\bsh\bh with the
+\b+B\bB option or disable brace expansion with the +\b+B\bB option to the s\bse\bet\bt com-
mand (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below).
T\bTi\bil\bld\bde\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn
- If a word begins with an unquoted tilde character (`~\b~'), all of the
- characters preceding the first unquoted slash (or all characters, if
- there is no unquoted slash) are considered a _\bt_\bi_\bl_\bd_\be_\b-_\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx. If none of
- the characters in the tilde-prefix are quoted, the characters in the
- tilde-prefix following the tilde are treated as a possible _\bl_\bo_\bg_\bi_\bn _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.
- If this login name is the null string, the tilde is replaced with the
- value of the shell parameter H\bHO\bOM\bME\bE. If H\bHO\bOM\bME\bE is unset, the home direc-
- tory of the user executing the shell is substituted instead. Other-
- wise, the tilde-prefix is replaced with the home directory associated
+ If a word begins with an unquoted tilde character (`~\b~'), all of the
+ characters preceding the first unquoted slash (or all characters, if
+ there is no unquoted slash) are considered a _\bt_\bi_\bl_\bd_\be_\b-_\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx. If none of
+ the characters in the tilde-prefix are quoted, the characters in the
+ tilde-prefix following the tilde are treated as a possible _\bl_\bo_\bg_\bi_\bn _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.
+ If this login name is the null string, the tilde is replaced with the
+ value of the shell parameter H\bHO\bOM\bME\bE. If H\bHO\bOM\bME\bE is unset, the home direc-
+ tory of the user executing the shell is substituted instead. Other-
+ wise, the tilde-prefix is replaced with the home directory associated
with the specified login name.
- If the tilde-prefix is a `~+', the value of the shell variable P\bPW\bWD\bD
+ If the tilde-prefix is a `~+', the value of the shell variable P\bPW\bWD\bD
replaces the tilde-prefix. If the tilde-prefix is a `~-', the value of
- the shell variable O\bOL\bLD\bDP\bPW\bWD\bD, if it is set, is substituted. If the char-
- acters following the tilde in the tilde-prefix consist of a number _\bN,
- optionally prefixed by a `+' or a `-', the tilde-prefix is replaced
+ the shell variable O\bOL\bLD\bDP\bPW\bWD\bD, if it is set, is substituted. If the char-
+ acters following the tilde in the tilde-prefix consist of a number _\bN,
+ optionally prefixed by a `+' or a `-', the tilde-prefix is replaced
with the corresponding element from the directory stack, as it would be
displayed by the d\bdi\bir\brs\bs builtin invoked with the tilde-prefix as an argu-
- ment. If the characters following the tilde in the tilde-prefix con-
+ ment. If the characters following the tilde in the tilde-prefix con-
sist of a number without a leading `+' or `-', `+' is assumed.
If the login name is invalid, or the tilde expansion fails, the word is
Each variable assignment is checked for unquoted tilde-prefixes immedi-
ately following a :\b: or the first =\b=. In these cases, tilde expansion is
- also performed. Consequently, one may use file names with tildes in
- assignments to P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH, M\bMA\bAI\bIL\bLP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH, and C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH, and the shell assigns the
+ also performed. Consequently, one may use file names with tildes in
+ assignments to P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH, M\bMA\bAI\bIL\bLP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH, and C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH, and the shell assigns the
expanded value.
P\bPa\bar\bra\bam\bme\bet\bte\ber\br E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn
The `$\b$' character introduces parameter expansion, command substitution,
- or arithmetic expansion. The parameter name or symbol to be expanded
- may be enclosed in braces, which are optional but serve to protect the
- variable to be expanded from characters immediately following it which
+ or arithmetic expansion. The parameter name or symbol to be expanded
+ may be enclosed in braces, which are optional but serve to protect the
+ variable to be expanded from characters immediately following it which
could be interpreted as part of the name.
- When braces are used, the matching ending brace is the first `}\b}' not
- escaped by a backslash or within a quoted string, and not within an
+ When braces are used, the matching ending brace is the first `}\b}' not
+ escaped by a backslash or within a quoted string, and not within an
embedded arithmetic expansion, command substitution, or parameter
expansion.
${_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br}
- The value of _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is substituted. The braces are required
- when _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is a positional parameter with more than one
+ The value of _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is substituted. The braces are required
+ when _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is a positional parameter with more than one
digit, or when _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is followed by a character which is not
to be interpreted as part of its name.
If the first character of _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is an exclamation point, a level of
- variable indirection is introduced. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh uses the value of the vari-
- able formed from the rest of _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br as the name of the variable;
- this variable is then expanded and that value is used in the rest of
- the substitution, rather than the value of _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br itself. This is
+ variable indirection is introduced. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh uses the value of the vari-
+ able formed from the rest of _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br as the name of the variable;
+ this variable is then expanded and that value is used in the rest of
+ the substitution, rather than the value of _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br itself. This is
known as _\bi_\bn_\bd_\bi_\br_\be_\bc_\bt _\be_\bx_\bp_\ba_\bn_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn. The exceptions to this are the expansions
- of ${!_\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx*} and ${!\b!_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[_\b@]} described below. The exclamation point
- must immediately follow the left brace in order to introduce indirec-
+ of ${!_\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx*} and ${!\b!_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[_\b@]} described below. The exclamation point
+ must immediately follow the left brace in order to introduce indirec-
tion.
In each of the cases below, _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is subject to tilde expansion, parame-
- ter expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic expansion. When
- not performing substring expansion, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh tests for a parameter that is
- unset or null; omitting the colon results in a test only for a parame-
+ ter expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic expansion. When
+ not performing substring expansion, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh tests for a parameter that is
+ unset or null; omitting the colon results in a test only for a parame-
ter that is unset.
${_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br:\b:-\b-_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd}
- U\bUs\bse\be D\bDe\bef\bfa\bau\bul\blt\bt V\bVa\bal\blu\bue\bes\bs. If _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is unset or null, the expan-
- sion of _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is substituted. Otherwise, the value of _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br
+ U\bUs\bse\be D\bDe\bef\bfa\bau\bul\blt\bt V\bVa\bal\blu\bue\bes\bs. If _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is unset or null, the expan-
+ sion of _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is substituted. Otherwise, the value of _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br
is substituted.
${_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br:\b:=\b=_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd}
- A\bAs\bss\bsi\big\bgn\bn D\bDe\bef\bfa\bau\bul\blt\bt V\bVa\bal\blu\bue\bes\bs. If _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is unset or null, the
+ A\bAs\bss\bsi\big\bgn\bn D\bDe\bef\bfa\bau\bul\blt\bt V\bVa\bal\blu\bue\bes\bs. If _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is unset or null, the
expansion of _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is assigned to _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br. The value of _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\b-
- _\be_\bt_\be_\br is then substituted. Positional parameters and special
+ _\be_\bt_\be_\br is then substituted. Positional parameters and special
parameters may not be assigned to in this way.
${_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br:\b:?\b?_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd}
- D\bDi\bis\bsp\bpl\bla\bay\by E\bEr\brr\bro\bor\br i\bif\bf N\bNu\bul\bll\bl o\bor\br U\bUn\bns\bse\bet\bt. If _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is null or unset,
- the expansion of _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd (or a message to that effect if _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is
- not present) is written to the standard error and the shell, if
+ D\bDi\bis\bsp\bpl\bla\bay\by E\bEr\brr\bro\bor\br i\bif\bf N\bNu\bul\bll\bl o\bor\br U\bUn\bns\bse\bet\bt. If _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is null or unset,
+ the expansion of _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd (or a message to that effect if _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is
+ not present) is written to the standard error and the shell, if
it is not interactive, exits. Otherwise, the value of _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br
is substituted.
${_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br:\b:+\b+_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd}
- U\bUs\bse\be A\bAl\blt\bte\ber\brn\bna\bat\bte\be V\bVa\bal\blu\bue\be. If _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is null or unset, nothing is
+ U\bUs\bse\be A\bAl\blt\bte\ber\brn\bna\bat\bte\be V\bVa\bal\blu\bue\be. If _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is null or unset, nothing is
substituted, otherwise the expansion of _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is substituted.
${_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br:\b:_\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt}
${_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br:\b:_\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt:\b:_\bl_\be_\bn_\bg_\bt_\bh}
- S\bSu\bub\bbs\bst\btr\bri\bin\bng\bg E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn.\b. Expands to up to _\bl_\be_\bn_\bg_\bt_\bh characters of
- _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br starting at the character specified by _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt. If
- _\bl_\be_\bn_\bg_\bt_\bh is omitted, expands to the substring of _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br start-
+ S\bSu\bub\bbs\bst\btr\bri\bin\bng\bg E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn.\b. Expands to up to _\bl_\be_\bn_\bg_\bt_\bh characters of
+ _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br starting at the character specified by _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt. If
+ _\bl_\be_\bn_\bg_\bt_\bh is omitted, expands to the substring of _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br start-
ing at the character specified by _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt. _\bl_\be_\bn_\bg_\bt_\bh and _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt are
- arithmetic expressions (see A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bHM\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN below).
- _\bl_\be_\bn_\bg_\bt_\bh must evaluate to a number greater than or equal to zero.
- If _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt evaluates to a number less than zero, the value is
- used as an offset from the end of the value of _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br. If
- _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is @\b@, the result is _\bl_\be_\bn_\bg_\bt_\bh positional parameters
+ arithmetic expressions (see A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bHM\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN below).
+ _\bl_\be_\bn_\bg_\bt_\bh must evaluate to a number greater than or equal to zero.
+ If _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt evaluates to a number less than zero, the value is
+ used as an offset from the end of the value of _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br. If
+ _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is @\b@, the result is _\bl_\be_\bn_\bg_\bt_\bh positional parameters
beginning at _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt. If _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is an array name indexed by @
- or *, the result is the _\bl_\be_\bn_\bg_\bt_\bh members of the array beginning
- with ${_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br[_\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt]}. A negative _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt is taken relative
- to one greater than the maximum index of the specified array.
- Note that a negative offset must be separated from the colon by
- at least one space to avoid being confused with the :- expan-
- sion. Substring indexing is zero-based unless the positional
- parameters are used, in which case the indexing starts at 1 by
- default. If _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt is 0, and the positional parameters are
+ or *, the result is the _\bl_\be_\bn_\bg_\bt_\bh members of the array beginning
+ with ${_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br[_\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt]}. A negative _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt is taken relative
+ to one greater than the maximum index of the specified array.
+ Note that a negative offset must be separated from the colon by
+ at least one space to avoid being confused with the :- expan-
+ sion. Substring indexing is zero-based unless the positional
+ parameters are used, in which case the indexing starts at 1 by
+ default. If _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt is 0, and the positional parameters are
used, $\b$0\b0 is prefixed to the list.
${!\b!_\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx*\b*}
${!\b!_\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx@\b@}
Expands to the names of variables whose names begin with _\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx,
- separated by the first character of the I\bIF\bFS\bS special variable.
- When _\b@ is used and the expansion appears within double quotes,
+ separated by the first character of the I\bIF\bFS\bS special variable.
+ When _\b@ is used and the expansion appears within double quotes,
each variable name expands to a separate word.
${!\b!_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[_\b@]}
${!\b!_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[_\b*]}
- If _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is an array variable, expands to the list of array
- indices (keys) assigned in _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not an array,
- expands to 0 if _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is set and null otherwise. When _\b@ is used
+ If _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is an array variable, expands to the list of array
+ indices (keys) assigned in _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not an array,
+ expands to 0 if _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is set and null otherwise. When _\b@ is used
and the expansion appears within double quotes, each key expands
to a separate word.
${#\b#_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br}
- The length in characters of the value of _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is substi-
- tuted. If _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is *\b* or @\b@, the value substituted is the
- number of positional parameters. If _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is an array name
- subscripted by *\b* or @\b@, the value substituted is the number of
+ The length in characters of the value of _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is substi-
+ tuted. If _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is *\b* or @\b@, the value substituted is the
+ number of positional parameters. If _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is an array name
+ subscripted by *\b* or @\b@, the value substituted is the number of
elements in the array.
${_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br#\b#_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd}
${_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br#\b##\b#_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd}
- The _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is expanded to produce a pattern just as in pathname
+ The _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is expanded to produce a pattern just as in pathname
expansion. If the pattern matches the beginning of the value of
- _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br, then the result of the expansion is the expanded
+ _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br, then the result of the expansion is the expanded
value of _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br with the shortest matching pattern (the ``#\b#''
case) or the longest matching pattern (the ``#\b##\b#'' case) deleted.
If _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is @\b@ or *\b*, the pattern removal operation is applied
- to each positional parameter in turn, and the expansion is the
- resultant list. If _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is an array variable subscripted
- with @\b@ or *\b*, the pattern removal operation is applied to each
- member of the array in turn, and the expansion is the resultant
+ to each positional parameter in turn, and the expansion is the
+ resultant list. If _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is an array variable subscripted
+ with @\b@ or *\b*, the pattern removal operation is applied to each
+ member of the array in turn, and the expansion is the resultant
list.
${_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br%\b%_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd}
${_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br%\b%%\b%_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd}
- The _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is expanded to produce a pattern just as in pathname
- expansion. If the pattern matches a trailing portion of the
+ The _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is expanded to produce a pattern just as in pathname
+ expansion. If the pattern matches a trailing portion of the
expanded value of _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br, then the result of the expansion is
- the expanded value of _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br with the shortest matching pat-
- tern (the ``%\b%'' case) or the longest matching pattern (the
- ``%\b%%\b%'' case) deleted. If _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is @\b@ or *\b*, the pattern
- removal operation is applied to each positional parameter in
- turn, and the expansion is the resultant list. If _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is
- an array variable subscripted with @\b@ or *\b*, the pattern removal
- operation is applied to each member of the array in turn, and
+ the expanded value of _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br with the shortest matching pat-
+ tern (the ``%\b%'' case) or the longest matching pattern (the
+ ``%\b%%\b%'' case) deleted. If _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is @\b@ or *\b*, the pattern
+ removal operation is applied to each positional parameter in
+ turn, and the expansion is the resultant list. If _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is
+ an array variable subscripted with @\b@ or *\b*, the pattern removal
+ operation is applied to each member of the array in turn, and
the expansion is the resultant list.
${_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br/\b/_\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn/\b/_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg}
The _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn is expanded to produce a pattern just as in pathname
- expansion. _\bP_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is expanded and the longest match of _\bp_\ba_\bt_\b-
- _\bt_\be_\br_\bn against its value is replaced with _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg. If _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn
- begins with /\b/, all matches of _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn are replaced with _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg.
- Normally only the first match is replaced. If _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn begins
- with #\b#, it must match at the beginning of the expanded value of
- _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br. If _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn begins with %\b%, it must match at the end
- of the expanded value of _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br. If _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg is null, matches
- of _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn are deleted and the /\b/ following _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn may be omit-
- ted. If _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is @\b@ or *\b*, the substitution operation is
- applied to each positional parameter in turn, and the expansion
- is the resultant list. If _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is an array variable sub-
- scripted with @\b@ or *\b*, the substitution operation is applied to
- each member of the array in turn, and the expansion is the
+ expansion. _\bP_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is expanded and the longest match of _\bp_\ba_\bt_\b-
+ _\bt_\be_\br_\bn against its value is replaced with _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg. If _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn
+ begins with /\b/, all matches of _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn are replaced with _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg.
+ Normally only the first match is replaced. If _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn begins
+ with #\b#, it must match at the beginning of the expanded value of
+ _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br. If _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn begins with %\b%, it must match at the end
+ of the expanded value of _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br. If _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg is null, matches
+ of _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn are deleted and the /\b/ following _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn may be omit-
+ ted. If _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is @\b@ or *\b*, the substitution operation is
+ applied to each positional parameter in turn, and the expansion
+ is the resultant list. If _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is an array variable sub-
+ scripted with @\b@ or *\b*, the substitution operation is applied to
+ each member of the array in turn, and the expansion is the
resultant list.
C\bCo\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd S\bSu\bub\bbs\bst\bti\bit\btu\but\bti\bio\bon\bn
`\b`_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd`\b`
B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh performs the expansion by executing _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd and replacing the com-
- mand substitution with the standard output of the command, with any
+ mand substitution with the standard output of the command, with any
trailing newlines deleted. Embedded newlines are not deleted, but they
- may be removed during word splitting. The command substitution $\b$(\b(c\bca\bat\bt
+ may be removed during word splitting. The command substitution $\b$(\b(c\bca\bat\bt
_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be)\b) can be replaced by the equivalent but faster $\b$(\b(<\b< _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be)\b).
- When the old-style backquote form of substitution is used, backslash
- retains its literal meaning except when followed by $\b$, `\b`, or \\b\. The
+ When the old-style backquote form of substitution is used, backslash
+ retains its literal meaning except when followed by $\b$, `\b`, or \\b\. The
first backquote not preceded by a backslash terminates the command sub-
- stitution. When using the $(_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd) form, all characters between the
+ stitution. When using the $(_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd) form, all characters between the
parentheses make up the command; none are treated specially.
Command substitutions may be nested. To nest when using the backquoted
form, escape the inner backquotes with backslashes.
- If the substitution appears within double quotes, word splitting and
+ If the substitution appears within double quotes, word splitting and
pathname expansion are not performed on the results.
A\bAr\bri\bit\bth\bhm\bme\bet\bti\bic\bc E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn
- Arithmetic expansion allows the evaluation of an arithmetic expression
- and the substitution of the result. The format for arithmetic expan-
+ Arithmetic expansion allows the evaluation of an arithmetic expression
+ and the substitution of the result. The format for arithmetic expan-
sion is:
$\b$(\b((\b(_\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn)\b))\b)
- The _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn is treated as if it were within double quotes, but a
- double quote inside the parentheses is not treated specially. All
+ The _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn is treated as if it were within double quotes, but a
+ double quote inside the parentheses is not treated specially. All
tokens in the expression undergo parameter expansion, string expansion,
- command substitution, and quote removal. Arithmetic expansions may be
+ command substitution, and quote removal. Arithmetic expansions may be
nested.
- The evaluation is performed according to the rules listed below under
+ The evaluation is performed according to the rules listed below under
A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bHM\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN. If _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn is invalid, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh prints a message
indicating failure and no substitution occurs.
P\bPr\bro\boc\bce\bes\bss\bs S\bSu\bub\bbs\bst\bti\bit\btu\but\bti\bio\bon\bn
- _\bP_\br_\bo_\bc_\be_\bs_\bs _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bt_\bi_\bt_\bu_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn is supported on systems that support named pipes
- (_\bF_\bI_\bF_\bO_\bs) or the /\b/d\bde\bev\bv/\b/f\bfd\bd method of naming open files. It takes the form
- of <\b<(\b(_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt)\b) or >\b>(\b(_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt)\b). The process _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is run with its input or out-
+ _\bP_\br_\bo_\bc_\be_\bs_\bs _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bt_\bi_\bt_\bu_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn is supported on systems that support named pipes
+ (_\bF_\bI_\bF_\bO_\bs) or the /\b/d\bde\bev\bv/\b/f\bfd\bd method of naming open files. It takes the form
+ of <\b<(\b(_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt)\b) or >\b>(\b(_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt)\b). The process _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is run with its input or out-
put connected to a _\bF_\bI_\bF_\bO or some file in /\b/d\bde\bev\bv/\b/f\bfd\bd. The name of this file
- is passed as an argument to the current command as the result of the
- expansion. If the >\b>(\b(_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt)\b) form is used, writing to the file will pro-
- vide input for _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt. If the <\b<(\b(_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt)\b) form is used, the file passed as
+ is passed as an argument to the current command as the result of the
+ expansion. If the >\b>(\b(_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt)\b) form is used, writing to the file will pro-
+ vide input for _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt. If the <\b<(\b(_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt)\b) form is used, the file passed as
an argument should be read to obtain the output of _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt.
- When available, process substitution is performed simultaneously with
- parameter and variable expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic
+ When available, process substitution is performed simultaneously with
+ parameter and variable expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic
expansion.
W\bWo\bor\brd\bd S\bSp\bpl\bli\bit\btt\bti\bin\bng\bg
- The shell scans the results of parameter expansion, command substitu-
- tion, and arithmetic expansion that did not occur within double quotes
+ The shell scans the results of parameter expansion, command substitu-
+ tion, and arithmetic expansion that did not occur within double quotes
for _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd _\bs_\bp_\bl_\bi_\bt_\bt_\bi_\bn_\bg.
- The shell treats each character of I\bIF\bFS\bS as a delimiter, and splits the
+ The shell treats each character of I\bIF\bFS\bS as a delimiter, and splits the
results of the other expansions into words on these characters. If I\bIF\bFS\bS
- is unset, or its value is exactly <\b<s\bsp\bpa\bac\bce\be>\b><\b<t\bta\bab\bb>\b><\b<n\bne\bew\bwl\bli\bin\bne\be>\b>, the default,
- then sequences of <\b<s\bsp\bpa\bac\bce\be>\b>, <\b<t\bta\bab\bb>\b>, and <\b<n\bne\bew\bwl\bli\bin\bne\be>\b> at the beginning and
- end of the results of the previous expansions are ignored, and any
- sequence of I\bIF\bFS\bS characters not at the beginning or end serves to
- delimit words. If I\bIF\bFS\bS has a value other than the default, then
+ is unset, or its value is exactly <\b<s\bsp\bpa\bac\bce\be>\b><\b<t\bta\bab\bb>\b><\b<n\bne\bew\bwl\bli\bin\bne\be>\b>, the default,
+ then sequences of <\b<s\bsp\bpa\bac\bce\be>\b>, <\b<t\bta\bab\bb>\b>, and <\b<n\bne\bew\bwl\bli\bin\bne\be>\b> at the beginning and
+ end of the results of the previous expansions are ignored, and any
+ sequence of I\bIF\bFS\bS characters not at the beginning or end serves to
+ delimit words. If I\bIF\bFS\bS has a value other than the default, then
sequences of the whitespace characters s\bsp\bpa\bac\bce\be and t\bta\bab\bb are ignored at the
- beginning and end of the word, as long as the whitespace character is
- in the value of I\bIF\bFS\bS (an I\bIF\bFS\bS whitespace character). Any character in
- I\bIF\bFS\bS that is not I\bIF\bFS\bS whitespace, along with any adjacent I\bIF\bFS\bS whitespace
- characters, delimits a field. A sequence of I\bIF\bFS\bS whitespace characters
- is also treated as a delimiter. If the value of I\bIF\bFS\bS is null, no word
+ beginning and end of the word, as long as the whitespace character is
+ in the value of I\bIF\bFS\bS (an I\bIF\bFS\bS whitespace character). Any character in
+ I\bIF\bFS\bS that is not I\bIF\bFS\bS whitespace, along with any adjacent I\bIF\bFS\bS whitespace
+ characters, delimits a field. A sequence of I\bIF\bFS\bS whitespace characters
+ is also treated as a delimiter. If the value of I\bIF\bFS\bS is null, no word
splitting occurs.
- Explicit null arguments ("\b""\b" or '\b''\b') are retained. Unquoted implicit
+ Explicit null arguments ("\b""\b" or '\b''\b') are retained. Unquoted implicit
null arguments, resulting from the expansion of parameters that have no
- values, are removed. If a parameter with no value is expanded within
+ values, are removed. If a parameter with no value is expanded within
double quotes, a null argument results and is retained.
Note that if no expansion occurs, no splitting is performed.
P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn
- After word splitting, unless the -\b-f\bf option has been set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh scans
- each word for the characters *\b*, ?\b?, and [\b[. If one of these characters
- appears, then the word is regarded as a _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn, and replaced with an
- alphabetically sorted list of file names matching the pattern. If no
- matching file names are found, and the shell option n\bnu\bul\bll\blg\bgl\blo\bob\bb is dis-
- abled, the word is left unchanged. If the n\bnu\bul\bll\blg\bgl\blo\bob\bb option is set, and
- no matches are found, the word is removed. If the f\bfa\bai\bil\blg\bgl\blo\bob\bb shell
- option is set, and no matches are found, an error message is printed
- and the command is not executed. If the shell option n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\beg\bgl\blo\bob\bb is
- enabled, the match is performed without regard to the case of alpha-
- betic characters. When a pattern is used for pathname expansion, the
- character `\b``\b`.\b.'\b''\b' at the start of a name or immediately following a
- slash must be matched explicitly, unless the shell option d\bdo\bot\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb is
- set. When matching a pathname, the slash character must always be
- matched explicitly. In other cases, the `\b``\b`.\b.'\b''\b' character is not
- treated specially. See the description of s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt below under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL
- B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS for a description of the n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\beg\bgl\blo\bob\bb, n\bnu\bul\bll\blg\bgl\blo\bob\bb, f\bfa\bai\bil\bl-\b-
+ After word splitting, unless the -\b-f\bf option has been set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh scans
+ each word for the characters *\b*, ?\b?, and [\b[. If one of these characters
+ appears, then the word is regarded as a _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn, and replaced with an
+ alphabetically sorted list of file names matching the pattern. If no
+ matching file names are found, and the shell option n\bnu\bul\bll\blg\bgl\blo\bob\bb is dis-
+ abled, the word is left unchanged. If the n\bnu\bul\bll\blg\bgl\blo\bob\bb option is set, and
+ no matches are found, the word is removed. If the f\bfa\bai\bil\blg\bgl\blo\bob\bb shell
+ option is set, and no matches are found, an error message is printed
+ and the command is not executed. If the shell option n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\beg\bgl\blo\bob\bb is
+ enabled, the match is performed without regard to the case of alpha-
+ betic characters. When a pattern is used for pathname expansion, the
+ character `\b``\b`.\b.'\b''\b' at the start of a name or immediately following a
+ slash must be matched explicitly, unless the shell option d\bdo\bot\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb is
+ set. When matching a pathname, the slash character must always be
+ matched explicitly. In other cases, the `\b``\b`.\b.'\b''\b' character is not
+ treated specially. See the description of s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt below under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL
+ B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS for a description of the n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\beg\bgl\blo\bob\bb, n\bnu\bul\bll\blg\bgl\blo\bob\bb, f\bfa\bai\bil\bl-\b-
g\bgl\blo\bob\bb, and d\bdo\bot\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb shell options.
- The G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE shell variable may be used to restrict the set of file
- names matching a _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn. If G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE is set, each matching file
- name that also matches one of the patterns in G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE is removed
+ The G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE shell variable may be used to restrict the set of file
+ names matching a _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn. If G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE is set, each matching file
+ name that also matches one of the patterns in G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE is removed
from the list of matches. The file names `\b``\b`.\b.'\b''\b' and `\b``\b`.\b..\b.'\b''\b' are always
- ignored when G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE is set and not null. However, setting G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bG-\b-
- N\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE to a non-null value has the effect of enabling the d\bdo\bot\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb shell
+ ignored when G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE is set and not null. However, setting G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bG-\b-
+ N\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE to a non-null value has the effect of enabling the d\bdo\bot\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb shell
option, so all other file names beginning with a `\b``\b`.\b.'\b''\b' will match. To
- get the old behavior of ignoring file names beginning with a `\b``\b`.\b.'\b''\b',
- make `\b``\b`.\b.*\b*'\b''\b' one of the patterns in G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE. The d\bdo\bot\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb option is
+ get the old behavior of ignoring file names beginning with a `\b``\b`.\b.'\b''\b',
+ make `\b``\b`.\b.*\b*'\b''\b' one of the patterns in G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE. The d\bdo\bot\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb option is
disabled when G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE is unset.
P\bPa\bat\btt\bte\ber\brn\bn M\bMa\bat\btc\bch\bhi\bin\bng\bg
Any character that appears in a pattern, other than the special pattern
- characters described below, matches itself. The NUL character may not
- occur in a pattern. A backslash escapes the following character; the
- escaping backslash is discarded when matching. The special pattern
+ characters described below, matches itself. The NUL character may not
+ occur in a pattern. A backslash escapes the following character; the
+ escaping backslash is discarded when matching. The special pattern
characters must be quoted if they are to be matched literally.
The special pattern characters have the following meanings:
*\b* Matches any string, including the null string.
?\b? Matches any single character.
- [\b[.\b..\b..\b.]\b] Matches any one of the enclosed characters. A pair of charac-
+ [\b[.\b..\b..\b.]\b] Matches any one of the enclosed characters. A pair of charac-
ters separated by a hyphen denotes a _\br_\ba_\bn_\bg_\be _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn; any char-
- acter that sorts between those two characters, inclusive, using
- the current locale's collating sequence and character set, is
- matched. If the first character following the [\b[ is a !\b! or a ^\b^
- then any character not enclosed is matched. The sorting order
- of characters in range expressions is determined by the current
- locale and the value of the L\bLC\bC_\b_C\bCO\bOL\bLL\bLA\bAT\bTE\bE shell variable, if set.
- A -\b- may be matched by including it as the first or last charac-
+ acter that sorts between those two characters, inclusive, using
+ the current locale's collating sequence and character set, is
+ matched. If the first character following the [\b[ is a !\b! or a ^\b^
+ then any character not enclosed is matched. The sorting order
+ of characters in range expressions is determined by the current
+ locale and the value of the L\bLC\bC_\b_C\bCO\bOL\bLL\bLA\bAT\bTE\bE shell variable, if set.
+ A -\b- may be matched by including it as the first or last charac-
ter in the set. A ]\b] may be matched by including it as the first
character in the set.
- Within [\b[ and ]\b], _\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\ba_\bc_\bt_\be_\br _\bc_\bl_\ba_\bs_\bs_\be_\bs can be specified using the
- syntax [\b[:\b:_\bc_\bl_\ba_\bs_\bs:\b:]\b], where _\bc_\bl_\ba_\bs_\bs is one of the following classes
+ Within [\b[ and ]\b], _\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\ba_\bc_\bt_\be_\br _\bc_\bl_\ba_\bs_\bs_\be_\bs can be specified using the
+ syntax [\b[:\b:_\bc_\bl_\ba_\bs_\bs:\b:]\b], where _\bc_\bl_\ba_\bs_\bs is one of the following classes
defined in the POSIX standard:
- a\bal\bln\bnu\bum\bm a\bal\blp\bph\bha\ba a\bas\bsc\bci\bii\bi b\bbl\bla\ban\bnk\bk c\bcn\bnt\btr\brl\bl d\bdi\big\bgi\bit\bt g\bgr\bra\bap\bph\bh l\blo\bow\bwe\ber\br p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\bt p\bpu\bun\bnc\bct\bt
+ a\bal\bln\bnu\bum\bm a\bal\blp\bph\bha\ba a\bas\bsc\bci\bii\bi b\bbl\bla\ban\bnk\bk c\bcn\bnt\btr\brl\bl d\bdi\big\bgi\bit\bt g\bgr\bra\bap\bph\bh l\blo\bow\bwe\ber\br p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\bt p\bpu\bun\bnc\bct\bt
s\bsp\bpa\bac\bce\be u\bup\bpp\bpe\ber\br w\bwo\bor\brd\bd x\bxd\bdi\big\bgi\bit\bt
A character class matches any character belonging to that class.
- The w\bwo\bor\brd\bd character class matches letters, digits, and the char-
+ The w\bwo\bor\brd\bd character class matches letters, digits, and the char-
acter _.
- Within [\b[ and ]\b], an _\be_\bq_\bu_\bi_\bv_\ba_\bl_\be_\bn_\bc_\be _\bc_\bl_\ba_\bs_\bs can be specified using the
- syntax [\b[=\b=_\bc=\b=]\b], which matches all characters with the same colla-
- tion weight (as defined by the current locale) as the character
+ Within [\b[ and ]\b], an _\be_\bq_\bu_\bi_\bv_\ba_\bl_\be_\bn_\bc_\be _\bc_\bl_\ba_\bs_\bs can be specified using the
+ syntax [\b[=\b=_\bc=\b=]\b], which matches all characters with the same colla-
+ tion weight (as defined by the current locale) as the character
_\bc.
Within [\b[ and ]\b], the syntax [\b[.\b._\bs_\by_\bm_\bb_\bo_\bl.\b.]\b] matches the collating sym-
bol _\bs_\by_\bm_\bb_\bo_\bl.
If the e\bex\bxt\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb shell option is enabled using the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin, several
- extended pattern matching operators are recognized. In the following
+ extended pattern matching operators are recognized. In the following
description, a _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn_\b-_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is a list of one or more patterns separated
by a |\b|. Composite patterns may be formed using one or more of the fol-
lowing sub-patterns:
Q\bQu\buo\bot\bte\be R\bRe\bem\bmo\bov\bva\bal\bl
After the preceding expansions, all unquoted occurrences of the charac-
- ters \\b\, '\b', and "\b" that did not result from one of the above expansions
+ ters \\b\, '\b', and "\b" that did not result from one of the above expansions
are removed.
R\bRE\bED\bDI\bIR\bRE\bEC\bCT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN
- Before a command is executed, its input and output may be _\br_\be_\bd_\bi_\br_\be_\bc_\bt_\be_\bd
- using a special notation interpreted by the shell. Redirection may
- also be used to open and close files for the current shell execution
+ Before a command is executed, its input and output may be _\br_\be_\bd_\bi_\br_\be_\bc_\bt_\be_\bd
+ using a special notation interpreted by the shell. Redirection may
+ also be used to open and close files for the current shell execution
environment. The following redirection operators may precede or appear
anywhere within a _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd or may follow a _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd. Redirections
are processed in the order they appear, from left to right.
- In the following descriptions, if the file descriptor number is omit-
- ted, and the first character of the redirection operator is <\b<, the re-
- direction refers to the standard input (file descriptor 0). If the
- first character of the redirection operator is >\b>, the redirection
+ In the following descriptions, if the file descriptor number is omit-
+ ted, and the first character of the redirection operator is <\b<, the re-
+ direction refers to the standard input (file descriptor 0). If the
+ first character of the redirection operator is >\b>, the redirection
refers to the standard output (file descriptor 1).
- The word following the redirection operator in the following descrip-
- tions, unless otherwise noted, is subjected to brace expansion, tilde
+ The word following the redirection operator in the following descrip-
+ tions, unless otherwise noted, is subjected to brace expansion, tilde
expansion, parameter expansion, command substitution, arithmetic expan-
- sion, quote removal, pathname expansion, and word splitting. If it
+ sion, quote removal, pathname expansion, and word splitting. If it
expands to more than one word, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh reports an error.
- Note that the order of redirections is significant. For example, the
+ Note that the order of redirections is significant. For example, the
command
ls >\b> dirlist 2>\b>&\b&1
- directs both standard output and standard error to the file _\bd_\bi_\br_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt,
+ directs both standard output and standard error to the file _\bd_\bi_\br_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt,
while the command
ls 2>\b>&\b&1 >\b> dirlist
- directs only the standard output to file _\bd_\bi_\br_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt, because the standard
- error was duplicated as standard output before the standard output was
+ directs only the standard output to file _\bd_\bi_\br_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt, because the standard
+ error was duplicated as standard output before the standard output was
redirected to _\bd_\bi_\br_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt.
B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh handles several filenames specially when they are used in redirec-
tions, as described in the following table:
/\b/d\bde\bev\bv/\b/f\bfd\bd/\b/_\bf_\bd
- If _\bf_\bd is a valid integer, file descriptor _\bf_\bd is dupli-
+ If _\bf_\bd is a valid integer, file descriptor _\bf_\bd is dupli-
cated.
/\b/d\bde\bev\bv/\b/s\bst\btd\bdi\bin\bn
File descriptor 0 is duplicated.
File descriptor 2 is duplicated.
/\b/d\bde\bev\bv/\b/t\btc\bcp\bp/\b/_\bh_\bo_\bs_\bt/\b/_\bp_\bo_\br_\bt
If _\bh_\bo_\bs_\bt is a valid hostname or Internet address, and _\bp_\bo_\br_\bt
- is an integer port number or service name, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts
+ is an integer port number or service name, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts
to open a TCP connection to the corresponding socket.
/\b/d\bde\bev\bv/\b/u\bud\bdp\bp/\b/_\bh_\bo_\bs_\bt/\b/_\bp_\bo_\br_\bt
If _\bh_\bo_\bs_\bt is a valid hostname or Internet address, and _\bp_\bo_\br_\bt
- is an integer port number or service name, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts
+ is an integer port number or service name, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts
to open a UDP connection to the corresponding socket.
A failure to open or create a file causes the redirection to fail.
- Redirections using file descriptors greater than 9 should be used with
- care, as they may conflict with file descriptors the shell uses inter-
+ Redirections using file descriptors greater than 9 should be used with
+ care, as they may conflict with file descriptors the shell uses inter-
nally.
R\bRe\bed\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bti\bin\bng\bg I\bIn\bnp\bpu\but\bt
Redirection of input causes the file whose name results from the expan-
- sion of _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd to be opened for reading on file descriptor _\bn, or the
+ sion of _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd to be opened for reading on file descriptor _\bn, or the
standard input (file descriptor 0) if _\bn is not specified.
The general format for redirecting input is:
[_\bn]<\b<_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd
R\bRe\bed\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bti\bin\bng\bg O\bOu\but\btp\bpu\but\bt
- Redirection of output causes the file whose name results from the
+ Redirection of output causes the file whose name results from the
expansion of _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd to be opened for writing on file descriptor _\bn, or the
standard output (file descriptor 1) if _\bn is not specified. If the file
- does not exist it is created; if it does exist it is truncated to zero
+ does not exist it is created; if it does exist it is truncated to zero
size.
The general format for redirecting output is:
[_\bn]>\b>_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd
- If the redirection operator is >\b>, and the n\bno\boc\bcl\blo\bob\bbb\bbe\ber\br option to the s\bse\bet\bt
- builtin has been enabled, the redirection will fail if the file whose
- name results from the expansion of _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd exists and is a regular file.
+ If the redirection operator is >\b>, and the n\bno\boc\bcl\blo\bob\bbb\bbe\ber\br option to the s\bse\bet\bt
+ builtin has been enabled, the redirection will fail if the file whose
+ name results from the expansion of _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd exists and is a regular file.
If the redirection operator is >\b>|\b|, or the redirection operator is >\b> and
the n\bno\boc\bcl\blo\bob\bbb\bbe\ber\br option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command is not enabled, the re-
direction is attempted even if the file named by _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd exists.
A\bAp\bpp\bpe\ben\bnd\bdi\bin\bng\bg R\bRe\bed\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bte\bed\bd O\bOu\but\btp\bpu\but\bt
- Redirection of output in this fashion causes the file whose name
- results from the expansion of _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd to be opened for appending on file
- descriptor _\bn, or the standard output (file descriptor 1) if _\bn is not
+ Redirection of output in this fashion causes the file whose name
+ results from the expansion of _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd to be opened for appending on file
+ descriptor _\bn, or the standard output (file descriptor 1) if _\bn is not
specified. If the file does not exist it is created.
The general format for appending output is:
R\bRe\bed\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bti\bin\bng\bg S\bSt\bta\ban\bnd\bda\bar\brd\bd O\bOu\but\btp\bpu\but\bt a\ban\bnd\bd S\bSt\bta\ban\bnd\bda\bar\brd\bd E\bEr\brr\bro\bor\br
- B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh allows both the standard output (file descriptor 1) and the stan-
- dard error output (file descriptor 2) to be redirected to the file
+ B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh allows both the standard output (file descriptor 1) and the stan-
+ dard error output (file descriptor 2) to be redirected to the file
whose name is the expansion of _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd with this construct.
- There are two formats for redirecting standard output and standard
+ There are two formats for redirecting standard output and standard
error:
&\b&>\b>_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd
>\b>_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd 2>\b>&\b&1
H\bHe\ber\bre\be D\bDo\boc\bcu\bum\bme\ben\bnt\bts\bs
- This type of redirection instructs the shell to read input from the
- current source until a line containing only _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd (with no trailing
- blanks) is seen. All of the lines read up to that point are then used
+ This type of redirection instructs the shell to read input from the
+ current source until a line containing only _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd (with no trailing
+ blanks) is seen. All of the lines read up to that point are then used
as the standard input for a command.
The format of here-documents is:
_\bh_\be_\br_\be_\b-_\bd_\bo_\bc_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt
_\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt_\be_\br
- No parameter expansion, command substitution, arithmetic expansion, or
+ No parameter expansion, command substitution, arithmetic expansion, or
pathname expansion is performed on _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd. If any characters in _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd are
- quoted, the _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt_\be_\br is the result of quote removal on _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, and the
- lines in the here-document are not expanded. If _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is unquoted, all
- lines of the here-document are subjected to parameter expansion, com-
- mand substitution, and arithmetic expansion. In the latter case, the
- character sequence \\b\<\b<n\bne\bew\bwl\bli\bin\bne\be>\b> is ignored, and \\b\ must be used to quote
+ quoted, the _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt_\be_\br is the result of quote removal on _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, and the
+ lines in the here-document are not expanded. If _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is unquoted, all
+ lines of the here-document are subjected to parameter expansion, com-
+ mand substitution, and arithmetic expansion. In the latter case, the
+ character sequence \\b\<\b<n\bne\bew\bwl\bli\bin\bne\be>\b> is ignored, and \\b\ must be used to quote
the characters \\b\, $\b$, and `\b`.
If the redirection operator is <\b<<\b<-\b-, then all leading tab characters are
- stripped from input lines and the line containing _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt_\be_\br. This
- allows here-documents within shell scripts to be indented in a natural
+ stripped from input lines and the line containing _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt_\be_\br. This
+ allows here-documents within shell scripts to be indented in a natural
fashion.
H\bHe\ber\bre\be S\bSt\btr\bri\bin\bng\bgs\bs
[_\bn]<\b<&\b&_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd
is used to duplicate input file descriptors. If _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd expands to one or
- more digits, the file descriptor denoted by _\bn is made to be a copy of
- that file descriptor. If the digits in _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd do not specify a file
- descriptor open for input, a redirection error occurs. If _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd evalu-
- ates to -\b-, file descriptor _\bn is closed. If _\bn is not specified, the
+ more digits, the file descriptor denoted by _\bn is made to be a copy of
+ that file descriptor. If the digits in _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd do not specify a file
+ descriptor open for input, a redirection error occurs. If _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd evalu-
+ ates to -\b-, file descriptor _\bn is closed. If _\bn is not specified, the
standard input (file descriptor 0) is used.
The operator
[_\bn]>\b>&\b&_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd
- is used similarly to duplicate output file descriptors. If _\bn is not
- specified, the standard output (file descriptor 1) is used. If the
- digits in _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd do not specify a file descriptor open for output, a re-
- direction error occurs. As a special case, if _\bn is omitted, and _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd
+ is used similarly to duplicate output file descriptors. If _\bn is not
+ specified, the standard output (file descriptor 1) is used. If the
+ digits in _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd do not specify a file descriptor open for output, a re-
+ direction error occurs. As a special case, if _\bn is omitted, and _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd
does not expand to one or more digits, the standard output and standard
error are redirected as described previously.
[_\bn]<\b<&\b&_\bd_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bt-\b-
- moves the file descriptor _\bd_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bt to file descriptor _\bn, or the standard
+ moves the file descriptor _\bd_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bt to file descriptor _\bn, or the standard
input (file descriptor 0) if _\bn is not specified. _\bd_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bt is closed after
being duplicated to _\bn.
[_\bn]>\b>&\b&_\bd_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bt-\b-
- moves the file descriptor _\bd_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bt to file descriptor _\bn, or the standard
+ moves the file descriptor _\bd_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bt to file descriptor _\bn, or the standard
output (file descriptor 1) if _\bn is not specified.
O\bOp\bpe\ben\bni\bin\bng\bg F\bFi\bil\ble\be D\bDe\bes\bsc\bcr\bri\bip\bpt\bto\bor\brs\bs f\bfo\bor\br R\bRe\bea\bad\bdi\bin\bng\bg a\ban\bnd\bd W\bWr\bri\bit\bti\bin\bng\bg
[_\bn]<\b<>\b>_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd
- causes the file whose name is the expansion of _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd to be opened for
- both reading and writing on file descriptor _\bn, or on file descriptor 0
+ causes the file whose name is the expansion of _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd to be opened for
+ both reading and writing on file descriptor _\bn, or on file descriptor 0
if _\bn is not specified. If the file does not exist, it is created.
A\bAL\bLI\bIA\bAS\bSE\bES\bS
- _\bA_\bl_\bi_\ba_\bs_\be_\bs allow a string to be substituted for a word when it is used as
- the first word of a simple command. The shell maintains a list of
- aliases that may be set and unset with the a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs and u\bun\bna\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs builtin
- commands (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below). The first word of each
- simple command, if unquoted, is checked to see if it has an alias. If
- so, that word is replaced by the text of the alias. The characters /\b/,
- $\b$, `\b`, and =\b= and any of the shell _\bm_\be_\bt_\ba_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\ba_\bc_\bt_\be_\br_\bs or quoting characters
+ _\bA_\bl_\bi_\ba_\bs_\be_\bs allow a string to be substituted for a word when it is used as
+ the first word of a simple command. The shell maintains a list of
+ aliases that may be set and unset with the a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs and u\bun\bna\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs builtin
+ commands (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below). The first word of each
+ simple command, if unquoted, is checked to see if it has an alias. If
+ so, that word is replaced by the text of the alias. The characters /\b/,
+ $\b$, `\b`, and =\b= and any of the shell _\bm_\be_\bt_\ba_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\ba_\bc_\bt_\be_\br_\bs or quoting characters
listed above may not appear in an alias name. The replacement text may
- contain any valid shell input, including shell metacharacters. The
- first word of the replacement text is tested for aliases, but a word
- that is identical to an alias being expanded is not expanded a second
- time. This means that one may alias l\bls\bs to l\bls\bs -\b-F\bF, for instance, and
- b\bba\bas\bsh\bh does not try to recursively expand the replacement text. If the
- last character of the alias value is a _\bb_\bl_\ba_\bn_\bk, then the next command
+ contain any valid shell input, including shell metacharacters. The
+ first word of the replacement text is tested for aliases, but a word
+ that is identical to an alias being expanded is not expanded a second
+ time. This means that one may alias l\bls\bs to l\bls\bs -\b-F\bF, for instance, and
+ b\bba\bas\bsh\bh does not try to recursively expand the replacement text. If the
+ last character of the alias value is a _\bb_\bl_\ba_\bn_\bk, then the next command
word following the alias is also checked for alias expansion.
Aliases are created and listed with the a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs command, and removed with
the u\bun\bna\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs command.
- There is no mechanism for using arguments in the replacement text. If
- arguments are needed, a shell function should be used (see F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS
+ There is no mechanism for using arguments in the replacement text. If
+ arguments are needed, a shell function should be used (see F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS
below).
- Aliases are not expanded when the shell is not interactive, unless the
- e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd_\b_a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bse\bes\bs shell option is set using s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt (see the description of
+ Aliases are not expanded when the shell is not interactive, unless the
+ e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd_\b_a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bse\bes\bs shell option is set using s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt (see the description of
s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below).
- The rules concerning the definition and use of aliases are somewhat
- confusing. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh always reads at least one complete line of input
- before executing any of the commands on that line. Aliases are
- expanded when a command is read, not when it is executed. Therefore,
- an alias definition appearing on the same line as another command does
- not take effect until the next line of input is read. The commands
+ The rules concerning the definition and use of aliases are somewhat
+ confusing. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh always reads at least one complete line of input
+ before executing any of the commands on that line. Aliases are
+ expanded when a command is read, not when it is executed. Therefore,
+ an alias definition appearing on the same line as another command does
+ not take effect until the next line of input is read. The commands
following the alias definition on that line are not affected by the new
- alias. This behavior is also an issue when functions are executed.
- Aliases are expanded when a function definition is read, not when the
- function is executed, because a function definition is itself a com-
+ alias. This behavior is also an issue when functions are executed.
+ Aliases are expanded when a function definition is read, not when the
+ function is executed, because a function definition is itself a com-
pound command. As a consequence, aliases defined in a function are not
- available until after that function is executed. To be safe, always
- put alias definitions on a separate line, and do not use a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs in com-
+ available until after that function is executed. To be safe, always
+ put alias definitions on a separate line, and do not use a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs in com-
pound commands.
For almost every purpose, aliases are superseded by shell functions.
F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS
- A shell function, defined as described above under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR,
- stores a series of commands for later execution. When the name of a
- shell function is used as a simple command name, the list of commands
+ A shell function, defined as described above under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR,
+ stores a series of commands for later execution. When the name of a
+ shell function is used as a simple command name, the list of commands
associated with that function name is executed. Functions are executed
- in the context of the current shell; no new process is created to
- interpret them (contrast this with the execution of a shell script).
- When a function is executed, the arguments to the function become the
+ in the context of the current shell; no new process is created to
+ interpret them (contrast this with the execution of a shell script).
+ When a function is executed, the arguments to the function become the
positional parameters during its execution. The special parameter #\b# is
- updated to reflect the change. Special parameter 0 is unchanged. The
- first element of the F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE variable is set to the name of the func-
- tion while the function is executing. All other aspects of the shell
- execution environment are identical between a function and its caller
+ updated to reflect the change. Special parameter 0 is unchanged. The
+ first element of the F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE variable is set to the name of the func-
+ tion while the function is executing. All other aspects of the shell
+ execution environment are identical between a function and its caller
with the exception that the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN traps (see the description
- of the t\btr\bra\bap\bp builtin under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below) are not inher-
- ited unless the function has been given the t\btr\bra\bac\bce\be attribute (see the
- description of the d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be builtin below) or the -\b-o\bo f\bfu\bun\bnc\bct\btr\bra\bac\bce\be shell
- option has been enabled with the s\bse\bet\bt builtin (in which case all func-
+ of the t\btr\bra\bap\bp builtin under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below) are not inher-
+ ited unless the function has been given the t\btr\bra\bac\bce\be attribute (see the
+ description of the d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be builtin below) or the -\b-o\bo f\bfu\bun\bnc\bct\btr\bra\bac\bce\be shell
+ option has been enabled with the s\bse\bet\bt builtin (in which case all func-
tions inherit the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN traps).
- Variables local to the function may be declared with the l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl builtin
+ Variables local to the function may be declared with the l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl builtin
command. Ordinarily, variables and their values are shared between the
function and its caller.
- If the builtin command r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn is executed in a function, the function
- completes and execution resumes with the next command after the func-
- tion call. Any command associated with the R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN trap is executed
+ If the builtin command r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn is executed in a function, the function
+ completes and execution resumes with the next command after the func-
+ tion call. Any command associated with the R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN trap is executed
before execution resumes. When a function completes, the values of the
- positional parameters and the special parameter #\b# are restored to the
+ positional parameters and the special parameter #\b# are restored to the
values they had prior to the function's execution.
- Function names and definitions may be listed with the -\b-f\bf option to the
+ Function names and definitions may be listed with the -\b-f\bf option to the
d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be or t\bty\byp\bpe\bes\bse\bet\bt builtin commands. The -\b-F\bF option to d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be or t\bty\byp\bpe\be-\b-
- s\bse\bet\bt will list the function names only (and optionally the source file
- and line number, if the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg shell option is enabled). Functions
- may be exported so that subshells automatically have them defined with
- the -\b-f\bf option to the e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt builtin. A function definition may be
- deleted using the -\b-f\bf option to the u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt builtin. Note that shell
+ s\bse\bet\bt will list the function names only (and optionally the source file
+ and line number, if the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg shell option is enabled). Functions
+ may be exported so that subshells automatically have them defined with
+ the -\b-f\bf option to the e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt builtin. A function definition may be
+ deleted using the -\b-f\bf option to the u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt builtin. Note that shell
functions and variables with the same name may result in multiple iden-
- tically-named entries in the environment passed to the shell's chil-
+ tically-named entries in the environment passed to the shell's chil-
dren. Care should be taken in cases where this may cause a problem.
- Functions may be recursive. No limit is imposed on the number of
+ Functions may be recursive. No limit is imposed on the number of
recursive calls.
A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bHM\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN
- The shell allows arithmetic expressions to be evaluated, under certain
- circumstances (see the l\ble\bet\bt and d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be builtin commands and A\bAr\bri\bit\bth\bhm\bme\bet\bti\bic\bc
- E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn). Evaluation is done in fixed-width integers with no check
- for overflow, though division by 0 is trapped and flagged as an error.
- The operators and their precedence, associativity, and values are the
- same as in the C language. The following list of operators is grouped
- into levels of equal-precedence operators. The levels are listed in
+ The shell allows arithmetic expressions to be evaluated, under certain
+ circumstances (see the l\ble\bet\bt and d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be builtin commands and A\bAr\bri\bit\bth\bhm\bme\bet\bti\bic\bc
+ E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn). Evaluation is done in fixed-width integers with no check
+ for overflow, though division by 0 is trapped and flagged as an error.
+ The operators and their precedence, associativity, and values are the
+ same as in the C language. The following list of operators is grouped
+ into levels of equal-precedence operators. The levels are listed in
order of decreasing precedence.
_\bi_\bd+\b++\b+ _\bi_\bd-\b--\b-
_\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b1 ,\b, _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b2
comma
- Shell variables are allowed as operands; parameter expansion is per-
+ Shell variables are allowed as operands; parameter expansion is per-
formed before the expression is evaluated. Within an expression, shell
- variables may also be referenced by name without using the parameter
- expansion syntax. A shell variable that is null or unset evaluates to
+ variables may also be referenced by name without using the parameter
+ expansion syntax. A shell variable that is null or unset evaluates to
0 when referenced by name without using the parameter expansion syntax.
- The value of a variable is evaluated as an arithmetic expression when
- it is referenced, or when a variable which has been given the _\bi_\bn_\bt_\be_\bg_\be_\br
+ The value of a variable is evaluated as an arithmetic expression when
+ it is referenced, or when a variable which has been given the _\bi_\bn_\bt_\be_\bg_\be_\br
attribute using d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be -\b-i\bi is assigned a value. A null value evaluates
- to 0. A shell variable need not have its integer attribute turned on
+ to 0. A shell variable need not have its integer attribute turned on
to be used in an expression.
Constants with a leading 0 are interpreted as octal numbers. A leading
- 0x or 0X denotes hexadecimal. Otherwise, numbers take the form
- [_\bb_\ba_\bs_\be_\b#]n, where _\bb_\ba_\bs_\be is a decimal number between 2 and 64 representing
+ 0x or 0X denotes hexadecimal. Otherwise, numbers take the form
+ [_\bb_\ba_\bs_\be_\b#]n, where _\bb_\ba_\bs_\be is a decimal number between 2 and 64 representing
the arithmetic base, and _\bn is a number in that base. If _\bb_\ba_\bs_\be_\b# is omit-
- ted, then base 10 is used. The digits greater than 9 are represented
- by the lowercase letters, the uppercase letters, @, and _, in that
- order. If _\bb_\ba_\bs_\be is less than or equal to 36, lowercase and uppercase
+ ted, then base 10 is used. The digits greater than 9 are represented
+ by the lowercase letters, the uppercase letters, @, and _, in that
+ order. If _\bb_\ba_\bs_\be is less than or equal to 36, lowercase and uppercase
letters may be used interchangeably to represent numbers between 10 and
35.
- Operators are evaluated in order of precedence. Sub-expressions in
- parentheses are evaluated first and may override the precedence rules
+ Operators are evaluated in order of precedence. Sub-expressions in
+ parentheses are evaluated first and may override the precedence rules
above.
C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS
- Conditional expressions are used by the [\b[[\b[ compound command and the
- t\bte\bes\bst\bt and [\b[ builtin commands to test file attributes and perform string
- and arithmetic comparisons. Expressions are formed from the following
- unary or binary primaries. If any _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be argument to one of the pri-
+ Conditional expressions are used by the [\b[[\b[ compound command and the
+ t\bte\bes\bst\bt and [\b[ builtin commands to test file attributes and perform string
+ and arithmetic comparisons. Expressions are formed from the following
+ unary or binary primaries. If any _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be argument to one of the pri-
maries is of the form _\b/_\bd_\be_\bv_\b/_\bf_\bd_\b/_\bn, then file descriptor _\bn is checked. If
- the _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be argument to one of the primaries is one of _\b/_\bd_\be_\bv_\b/_\bs_\bt_\bd_\bi_\bn,
- _\b/_\bd_\be_\bv_\b/_\bs_\bt_\bd_\bo_\bu_\bt, or _\b/_\bd_\be_\bv_\b/_\bs_\bt_\bd_\be_\br_\br, file descriptor 0, 1, or 2, respectively,
+ the _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be argument to one of the primaries is one of _\b/_\bd_\be_\bv_\b/_\bs_\bt_\bd_\bi_\bn,
+ _\b/_\bd_\be_\bv_\b/_\bs_\bt_\bd_\bo_\bu_\bt, or _\b/_\bd_\be_\bv_\b/_\bs_\bt_\bd_\be_\br_\br, file descriptor 0, 1, or 2, respectively,
is checked.
Unless otherwise specified, primaries that operate on files follow sym-
-\b-S\bS _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be
True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be exists and is a socket.
-\b-N\bN _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be
- True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be exists and has been modified since it was last
+ True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be exists and has been modified since it was last
read.
_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b1 -n\bnt\bt _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b2
- True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b1 is newer (according to modification date) than
+ True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b1 is newer (according to modification date) than
_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b2, or if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b1 exists and _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b2 does not.
_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b1 -o\bot\bt _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b2
- True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b1 is older than _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b2, or if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b2 exists and _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b1
+ True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b1 is older than _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b2, or if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b2 exists and _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b1
does not.
_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b1 -\b-e\bef\bf _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b2
- True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b1 and _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b2 refer to the same device and inode num-
+ True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b1 and _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b2 refer to the same device and inode num-
bers.
-\b-o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
- True if shell option _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is enabled. See the list of
- options under the description of the -\b-o\bo option to the s\bse\bet\bt
+ True if shell option _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is enabled. See the list of
+ options under the description of the -\b-o\bo option to the s\bse\bet\bt
builtin below.
-\b-z\bz _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg
True if the length of _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg is zero.
True if the strings are not equal.
_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b1 <\b< _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b2
- True if _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b1 sorts before _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b2 lexicographically in the
+ True if _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b1 sorts before _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b2 lexicographically in the
current locale.
_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b1 >\b> _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b2
- True if _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b1 sorts after _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b2 lexicographically in the
+ True if _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b1 sorts after _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b2 lexicographically in the
current locale.
_\ba_\br_\bg_\b1 O\bOP\bP _\ba_\br_\bg_\b2
- O\bOP\bP is one of -\b-e\beq\bq, -\b-n\bne\be, -\b-l\blt\bt, -\b-l\ble\be, -\b-g\bgt\bt, or -\b-g\bge\be. These arithmetic
- binary operators return true if _\ba_\br_\bg_\b1 is equal to, not equal to,
- less than, less than or equal to, greater than, or greater than
- or equal to _\ba_\br_\bg_\b2, respectively. _\bA_\br_\bg_\b1 and _\ba_\br_\bg_\b2 may be positive
+ O\bOP\bP is one of -\b-e\beq\bq, -\b-n\bne\be, -\b-l\blt\bt, -\b-l\ble\be, -\b-g\bgt\bt, or -\b-g\bge\be. These arithmetic
+ binary operators return true if _\ba_\br_\bg_\b1 is equal to, not equal to,
+ less than, less than or equal to, greater than, or greater than
+ or equal to _\ba_\br_\bg_\b2, respectively. _\bA_\br_\bg_\b1 and _\ba_\br_\bg_\b2 may be positive
or negative integers.
S\bSI\bIM\bMP\bPL\bLE\bE C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN
- When a simple command is executed, the shell performs the following
+ When a simple command is executed, the shell performs the following
expansions, assignments, and redirections, from left to right.
- 1. The words that the parser has marked as variable assignments
- (those preceding the command name) and redirections are saved
+ 1. The words that the parser has marked as variable assignments
+ (those preceding the command name) and redirections are saved
for later processing.
- 2. The words that are not variable assignments or redirections are
- expanded. If any words remain after expansion, the first word
- is taken to be the name of the command and the remaining words
+ 2. The words that are not variable assignments or redirections are
+ expanded. If any words remain after expansion, the first word
+ is taken to be the name of the command and the remaining words
are the arguments.
3. Redirections are performed as described above under R\bRE\bED\bDI\bIR\bRE\bEC\bCT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN.
4. The text after the =\b= in each variable assignment undergoes tilde
expansion, parameter expansion, command substitution, arithmetic
- expansion, and quote removal before being assigned to the vari-
+ expansion, and quote removal before being assigned to the vari-
able.
If no command name results, the variable assignments affect the current
- shell environment. Otherwise, the variables are added to the environ-
- ment of the executed command and do not affect the current shell envi-
- ronment. If any of the assignments attempts to assign a value to a
- readonly variable, an error occurs, and the command exits with a non-
+ shell environment. Otherwise, the variables are added to the environ-
+ ment of the executed command and do not affect the current shell envi-
+ ronment. If any of the assignments attempts to assign a value to a
+ readonly variable, an error occurs, and the command exits with a non-
zero status.
- If no command name results, redirections are performed, but do not
- affect the current shell environment. A redirection error causes the
+ If no command name results, redirections are performed, but do not
+ affect the current shell environment. A redirection error causes the
command to exit with a non-zero status.
- If there is a command name left after expansion, execution proceeds as
- described below. Otherwise, the command exits. If one of the expan-
- sions contained a command substitution, the exit status of the command
- is the exit status of the last command substitution performed. If
+ If there is a command name left after expansion, execution proceeds as
+ described below. Otherwise, the command exits. If one of the expan-
+ sions contained a command substitution, the exit status of the command
+ is the exit status of the last command substitution performed. If
there were no command substitutions, the command exits with a status of
zero.
C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD E\bEX\bXE\bEC\bCU\bUT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN
- After a command has been split into words, if it results in a simple
- command and an optional list of arguments, the following actions are
+ After a command has been split into words, if it results in a simple
+ command and an optional list of arguments, the following actions are
taken.
- If the command name contains no slashes, the shell attempts to locate
- it. If there exists a shell function by that name, that function is
- invoked as described above in F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS. If the name does not match a
- function, the shell searches for it in the list of shell builtins. If
+ If the command name contains no slashes, the shell attempts to locate
+ it. If there exists a shell function by that name, that function is
+ invoked as described above in F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS. If the name does not match a
+ function, the shell searches for it in the list of shell builtins. If
a match is found, that builtin is invoked.
- If the name is neither a shell function nor a builtin, and contains no
- slashes, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh searches each element of the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH for a directory con-
- taining an executable file by that name. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh uses a hash table to
- remember the full pathnames of executable files (see h\bha\bas\bsh\bh under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL
- B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below). A full search of the directories in P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is
- performed only if the command is not found in the hash table. If the
- search is unsuccessful, the shell prints an error message and returns
+ If the name is neither a shell function nor a builtin, and contains no
+ slashes, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh searches each element of the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH for a directory con-
+ taining an executable file by that name. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh uses a hash table to
+ remember the full pathnames of executable files (see h\bha\bas\bsh\bh under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL
+ B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below). A full search of the directories in P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is
+ performed only if the command is not found in the hash table. If the
+ search is unsuccessful, the shell prints an error message and returns
an exit status of 127.
- If the search is successful, or if the command name contains one or
+ If the search is successful, or if the command name contains one or
more slashes, the shell executes the named program in a separate execu-
tion environment. Argument 0 is set to the name given, and the remain-
ing arguments to the command are set to the arguments given, if any.
- If this execution fails because the file is not in executable format,
- and the file is not a directory, it is assumed to be a _\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl _\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt, a
- file containing shell commands. A subshell is spawned to execute it.
- This subshell reinitializes itself, so that the effect is as if a new
- shell had been invoked to handle the script, with the exception that
- the locations of commands remembered by the parent (see h\bha\bas\bsh\bh below
+ If this execution fails because the file is not in executable format,
+ and the file is not a directory, it is assumed to be a _\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl _\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt, a
+ file containing shell commands. A subshell is spawned to execute it.
+ This subshell reinitializes itself, so that the effect is as if a new
+ shell had been invoked to handle the script, with the exception that
+ the locations of commands remembered by the parent (see h\bha\bas\bsh\bh below
under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS) are retained by the child.
- If the program is a file beginning with #\b#!\b!, the remainder of the first
- line specifies an interpreter for the program. The shell executes the
+ If the program is a file beginning with #\b#!\b!, the remainder of the first
+ line specifies an interpreter for the program. The shell executes the
specified interpreter on operating systems that do not handle this exe-
cutable format themselves. The arguments to the interpreter consist of
- a single optional argument following the interpreter name on the first
- line of the program, followed by the name of the program, followed by
+ a single optional argument following the interpreter name on the first
+ line of the program, followed by the name of the program, followed by
the command arguments, if any.
C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD E\bEX\bXE\bEC\bCU\bUT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN E\bEN\bNV\bVI\bIR\bRO\bON\bNM\bME\bEN\bNT\bT
- The shell has an _\be_\bx_\be_\bc_\bu_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn _\be_\bn_\bv_\bi_\br_\bo_\bn_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt, which consists of the follow-
+ The shell has an _\be_\bx_\be_\bc_\bu_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn _\be_\bn_\bv_\bi_\br_\bo_\bn_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt, which consists of the follow-
ing:
- +\bo open files inherited by the shell at invocation, as modified by
+ +\bo open files inherited by the shell at invocation, as modified by
redirections supplied to the e\bex\bxe\bec\bc builtin
- +\bo the current working directory as set by c\bcd\bd, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd, or p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd, or
+ +\bo the current working directory as set by c\bcd\bd, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd, or p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd, or
inherited by the shell at invocation
- +\bo the file creation mode mask as set by u\bum\bma\bas\bsk\bk or inherited from
+ +\bo the file creation mode mask as set by u\bum\bma\bas\bsk\bk or inherited from
the shell's parent
+\bo current traps set by t\btr\bra\bap\bp
+\bo shell parameters that are set by variable assignment or with s\bse\bet\bt
or inherited from the shell's parent in the environment
- +\bo shell functions defined during execution or inherited from the
+ +\bo shell functions defined during execution or inherited from the
shell's parent in the environment
- +\bo options enabled at invocation (either by default or with com-
+ +\bo options enabled at invocation (either by default or with com-
mand-line arguments) or by s\bse\bet\bt
+\bo options enabled by s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt
+\bo shell aliases defined with a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs
- +\bo various process IDs, including those of background jobs, the
+ +\bo various process IDs, including those of background jobs, the
value of $\b$$\b$, and the value of $\b$P\bPP\bPI\bID\bD
- When a simple command other than a builtin or shell function is to be
- executed, it is invoked in a separate execution environment that con-
- sists of the following. Unless otherwise noted, the values are inher-
+ When a simple command other than a builtin or shell function is to be
+ executed, it is invoked in a separate execution environment that con-
+ sists of the following. Unless otherwise noted, the values are inher-
ited from the shell.
- +\bo the shell's open files, plus any modifications and additions
+ +\bo the shell's open files, plus any modifications and additions
specified by redirections to the command
+\bo the current working directory
+\bo the file creation mode mask
- +\bo shell variables and functions marked for export, along with
+ +\bo shell variables and functions marked for export, along with
variables exported for the command, passed in the environment
+\bo traps caught by the shell are reset to the values inherited from
the shell's parent, and traps ignored by the shell are ignored
- A command invoked in this separate environment cannot affect the
+ A command invoked in this separate environment cannot affect the
shell's execution environment.
- Command substitution, commands grouped with parentheses, and asynchro-
+ Command substitution, commands grouped with parentheses, and asynchro-
nous commands are invoked in a subshell environment that is a duplicate
- of the shell environment, except that traps caught by the shell are
+ of the shell environment, except that traps caught by the shell are
reset to the values that the shell inherited from its parent at invoca-
tion. Builtin commands that are invoked as part of a pipeline are also
executed in a subshell environment. Changes made to the subshell envi-
ronment cannot affect the shell's execution environment.
- If a command is followed by a &\b& and job control is not active, the
- default standard input for the command is the empty file _\b/_\bd_\be_\bv_\b/_\bn_\bu_\bl_\bl.
- Otherwise, the invoked command inherits the file descriptors of the
+ If a command is followed by a &\b& and job control is not active, the
+ default standard input for the command is the empty file _\b/_\bd_\be_\bv_\b/_\bn_\bu_\bl_\bl.
+ Otherwise, the invoked command inherits the file descriptors of the
calling shell as modified by redirections.
E\bEN\bNV\bVI\bIR\bRO\bON\bNM\bME\bEN\bNT\bT
- When a program is invoked it is given an array of strings called the
+ When a program is invoked it is given an array of strings called the
_\be_\bn_\bv_\bi_\br_\bo_\bn_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt. This is a list of _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be-_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be pairs, of the form
_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be.
- The shell provides several ways to manipulate the environment. On
+ The shell provides several ways to manipulate the environment. On
invocation, the shell scans its own environment and creates a parameter
- for each name found, automatically marking it for _\be_\bx_\bp_\bo_\br_\bt to child pro-
- cesses. Executed commands inherit the environment. The e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt and
- d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be -\b-x\bx commands allow parameters and functions to be added to and
+ for each name found, automatically marking it for _\be_\bx_\bp_\bo_\br_\bt to child pro-
+ cesses. Executed commands inherit the environment. The e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt and
+ d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be -\b-x\bx commands allow parameters and functions to be added to and
deleted from the environment. If the value of a parameter in the envi-
- ronment is modified, the new value becomes part of the environment,
- replacing the old. The environment inherited by any executed command
- consists of the shell's initial environment, whose values may be modi-
- fied in the shell, less any pairs removed by the u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt command, plus
+ ronment is modified, the new value becomes part of the environment,
+ replacing the old. The environment inherited by any executed command
+ consists of the shell's initial environment, whose values may be modi-
+ fied in the shell, less any pairs removed by the u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt command, plus
any additions via the e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt and d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be -\b-x\bx commands.
- The environment for any _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd or function may be augmented
- temporarily by prefixing it with parameter assignments, as described
+ The environment for any _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd or function may be augmented
+ temporarily by prefixing it with parameter assignments, as described
above in P\bPA\bAR\bRA\bAM\bME\bET\bTE\bER\bRS\bS. These assignment statements affect only the envi-
ronment seen by that command.
- If the -\b-k\bk option is set (see the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command below), then _\ba_\bl_\bl
- parameter assignments are placed in the environment for a command, not
+ If the -\b-k\bk option is set (see the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command below), then _\ba_\bl_\bl
+ parameter assignments are placed in the environment for a command, not
just those that precede the command name.
- When b\bba\bas\bsh\bh invokes an external command, the variable _\b_ is set to the
- full file name of the command and passed to that command in its envi-
+ When b\bba\bas\bsh\bh invokes an external command, the variable _\b_ is set to the
+ full file name of the command and passed to that command in its envi-
ronment.
E\bEX\bXI\bIT\bT S\bST\bTA\bAT\bTU\bUS\bS
- The exit status of an executed command is the value returned by the
+ The exit status of an executed command is the value returned by the
_\bw_\ba_\bi_\bt_\bp_\bi_\bd system call or equivalent function. Exit statuses fall between
- 0 and 255, though, as explained below, the shell may use values above
+ 0 and 255, though, as explained below, the shell may use values above
125 specially. Exit statuses from shell builtins and compound commands
- are also limited to this range. Under certain circumstances, the shell
+ are also limited to this range. Under certain circumstances, the shell
will use special values to indicate specific failure modes.
For the shell's purposes, a command which exits with a zero exit status
- has succeeded. An exit status of zero indicates success. A non-zero
- exit status indicates failure. When a command terminates on a fatal
+ has succeeded. An exit status of zero indicates success. A non-zero
+ exit status indicates failure. When a command terminates on a fatal
signal _\bN, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh uses the value of 128+_\bN as the exit status.
- If a command is not found, the child process created to execute it
- returns a status of 127. If a command is found but is not executable,
+ If a command is not found, the child process created to execute it
+ returns a status of 127. If a command is found but is not executable,
the return status is 126.
If a command fails because of an error during expansion or redirection,
the exit status is greater than zero.
- Shell builtin commands return a status of 0 (_\bt_\br_\bu_\be) if successful, and
- non-zero (_\bf_\ba_\bl_\bs_\be) if an error occurs while they execute. All builtins
+ Shell builtin commands return a status of 0 (_\bt_\br_\bu_\be) if successful, and
+ non-zero (_\bf_\ba_\bl_\bs_\be) if an error occurs while they execute. All builtins
return an exit status of 2 to indicate incorrect usage.
- B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh itself returns the exit status of the last command executed,
- unless a syntax error occurs, in which case it exits with a non-zero
+ B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh itself returns the exit status of the last command executed,
+ unless a syntax error occurs, in which case it exits with a non-zero
value. See also the e\bex\bxi\bit\bt builtin command below.
S\bSI\bIG\bGN\bNA\bAL\bLS\bS
- When b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is interactive, in the absence of any traps, it ignores
+ When b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is interactive, in the absence of any traps, it ignores
S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTE\bER\bRM\bM (so that k\bki\bil\bll\bl 0\b0 does not kill an interactive shell), and S\bSI\bIG\bGI\bIN\bNT\bT
- is caught and handled (so that the w\bwa\bai\bit\bt builtin is interruptible). In
- all cases, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh ignores S\bSI\bIG\bGQ\bQU\bUI\bIT\bT. If job control is in effect, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh
+ is caught and handled (so that the w\bwa\bai\bit\bt builtin is interruptible). In
+ all cases, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh ignores S\bSI\bIG\bGQ\bQU\bUI\bIT\bT. If job control is in effect, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh
ignores S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTT\bTI\bIN\bN, S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTT\bTO\bOU\bU, and S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTS\bST\bTP\bP.
Non-builtin commands run by b\bba\bas\bsh\bh have signal handlers set to the values
- inherited by the shell from its parent. When job control is not in
- effect, asynchronous commands ignore S\bSI\bIG\bGI\bIN\bNT\bT and S\bSI\bIG\bGQ\bQU\bUI\bIT\bT in addition to
- these inherited handlers. Commands run as a result of command substi-
+ inherited by the shell from its parent. When job control is not in
+ effect, asynchronous commands ignore S\bSI\bIG\bGI\bIN\bNT\bT and S\bSI\bIG\bGQ\bQU\bUI\bIT\bT in addition to
+ these inherited handlers. Commands run as a result of command substi-
tution ignore the keyboard-generated job control signals S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTT\bTI\bIN\bN, S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bT-\b-
T\bTO\bOU\bU, and S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTS\bST\bTP\bP.
- The shell exits by default upon receipt of a S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP. Before exiting,
- an interactive shell resends the S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP to all jobs, running or
+ The shell exits by default upon receipt of a S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP. Before exiting,
+ an interactive shell resends the S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP to all jobs, running or
stopped. Stopped jobs are sent S\bSI\bIG\bGC\bCO\bON\bNT\bT to ensure that they receive the
- S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP. To prevent the shell from sending the signal to a particular
- job, it should be removed from the jobs table with the d\bdi\bis\bso\bow\bwn\bn builtin
- (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below) or marked to not receive S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP
+ S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP. To prevent the shell from sending the signal to a particular
+ job, it should be removed from the jobs table with the d\bdi\bis\bso\bow\bwn\bn builtin
+ (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below) or marked to not receive S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP
using d\bdi\bis\bso\bow\bwn\bn -\b-h\bh.
- If the h\bhu\bup\bpo\bon\bne\bex\bxi\bit\bt shell option has been set with s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh sends a
+ If the h\bhu\bup\bpo\bon\bne\bex\bxi\bit\bt shell option has been set with s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh sends a
S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP to all jobs when an interactive login shell exits.
- If b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is waiting for a command to complete and receives a signal for
+ If b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is waiting for a command to complete and receives a signal for
which a trap has been set, the trap will not be executed until the com-
- mand completes. When b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is waiting for an asynchronous command via
- the w\bwa\bai\bit\bt builtin, the reception of a signal for which a trap has been
+ mand completes. When b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is waiting for an asynchronous command via
+ the w\bwa\bai\bit\bt builtin, the reception of a signal for which a trap has been
set will cause the w\bwa\bai\bit\bt builtin to return immediately with an exit sta-
tus greater than 128, immediately after which the trap is executed.
J\bJO\bOB\bB C\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL
- _\bJ_\bo_\bb _\bc_\bo_\bn_\bt_\br_\bo_\bl refers to the ability to selectively stop (_\bs_\bu_\bs_\bp_\be_\bn_\bd) the
+ _\bJ_\bo_\bb _\bc_\bo_\bn_\bt_\br_\bo_\bl refers to the ability to selectively stop (_\bs_\bu_\bs_\bp_\be_\bn_\bd) the
execution of processes and continue (_\br_\be_\bs_\bu_\bm_\be) their execution at a later
- point. A user typically employs this facility via an interactive
+ point. A user typically employs this facility via an interactive
interface supplied jointly by the system's terminal driver and b\bba\bas\bsh\bh.
- The shell associates a _\bj_\bo_\bb with each pipeline. It keeps a table of
- currently executing jobs, which may be listed with the j\bjo\bob\bbs\bs command.
- When b\bba\bas\bsh\bh starts a job asynchronously (in the _\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk_\bg_\br_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd), it prints a
+ The shell associates a _\bj_\bo_\bb with each pipeline. It keeps a table of
+ currently executing jobs, which may be listed with the j\bjo\bob\bbs\bs command.
+ When b\bba\bas\bsh\bh starts a job asynchronously (in the _\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk_\bg_\br_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd), it prints a
line that looks like:
[1] 25647
indicating that this job is job number 1 and that the process ID of the
last process in the pipeline associated with this job is 25647. All of
- the processes in a single pipeline are members of the same job. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh
+ the processes in a single pipeline are members of the same job. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh
uses the _\bj_\bo_\bb abstraction as the basis for job control.
- To facilitate the implementation of the user interface to job control,
+ To facilitate the implementation of the user interface to job control,
the operating system maintains the notion of a _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bt_\be_\br_\bm_\bi_\bn_\ba_\bl _\bp_\br_\bo_\bc_\be_\bs_\bs
_\bg_\br_\bo_\bu_\bp _\bI_\bD. Members of this process group (processes whose process group
ID is equal to the current terminal process group ID) receive keyboard-
- generated signals such as S\bSI\bIG\bGI\bIN\bNT\bT. These processes are said to be in
- the _\bf_\bo_\br_\be_\bg_\br_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd. _\bB_\ba_\bc_\bk_\bg_\br_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd processes are those whose process group ID
+ generated signals such as S\bSI\bIG\bGI\bIN\bNT\bT. These processes are said to be in
+ the _\bf_\bo_\br_\be_\bg_\br_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd. _\bB_\ba_\bc_\bk_\bg_\br_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd processes are those whose process group ID
differs from the terminal's; such processes are immune to keyboard-gen-
- erated signals. Only foreground processes are allowed to read from or
+ erated signals. Only foreground processes are allowed to read from or
write to the terminal. Background processes which attempt to read from
(write to) the terminal are sent a S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTT\bTI\bIN\bN (\b(S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTT\bTO\bOU\bU)\b) signal by the ter-
minal driver, which, unless caught, suspends the process.
- If the operating system on which b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is running supports job control,
+ If the operating system on which b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is running supports job control,
b\bba\bas\bsh\bh contains facilities to use it. Typing the _\bs_\bu_\bs_\bp_\be_\bn_\bd character (typ-
ically ^\b^Z\bZ, Control-Z) while a process is running causes that process to
- be stopped and returns control to b\bba\bas\bsh\bh. Typing the _\bd_\be_\bl_\ba_\by_\be_\bd _\bs_\bu_\bs_\bp_\be_\bn_\bd
- character (typically ^\b^Y\bY, Control-Y) causes the process to be stopped
- when it attempts to read input from the terminal, and control to be
- returned to b\bba\bas\bsh\bh. The user may then manipulate the state of this job,
- using the b\bbg\bg command to continue it in the background, the f\bfg\bg command
+ be stopped and returns control to b\bba\bas\bsh\bh. Typing the _\bd_\be_\bl_\ba_\by_\be_\bd _\bs_\bu_\bs_\bp_\be_\bn_\bd
+ character (typically ^\b^Y\bY, Control-Y) causes the process to be stopped
+ when it attempts to read input from the terminal, and control to be
+ returned to b\bba\bas\bsh\bh. The user may then manipulate the state of this job,
+ using the b\bbg\bg command to continue it in the background, the f\bfg\bg command
to continue it in the foreground, or the k\bki\bil\bll\bl command to kill it. A ^\b^Z\bZ
takes effect immediately, and has the additional side effect of causing
pending output and typeahead to be discarded.
There are a number of ways to refer to a job in the shell. The charac-
ter %\b% introduces a job name. Job number _\bn may be referred to as %\b%n\bn. A
- job may also be referred to using a prefix of the name used to start
- it, or using a substring that appears in its command line. For exam-
+ job may also be referred to using a prefix of the name used to start
+ it, or using a substring that appears in its command line. For exam-
ple, %\b%c\bce\be refers to a stopped c\bce\be job. If a prefix matches more than one
- job, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh reports an error. Using %\b%?\b?c\bce\be, on the other hand, refers to
+ job, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh reports an error. Using %\b%?\b?c\bce\be, on the other hand, refers to
any job containing the string c\bce\be in its command line. If the substring
- matches more than one job, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh reports an error. The symbols %\b%%\b% and
- %\b%+\b+ refer to the shell's notion of the _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb, which is the last
- job stopped while it was in the foreground or started in the back-
- ground. The _\bp_\br_\be_\bv_\bi_\bo_\bu_\bs _\bj_\bo_\bb may be referenced using %\b%-\b-. In output per-
+ matches more than one job, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh reports an error. The symbols %\b%%\b% and
+ %\b%+\b+ refer to the shell's notion of the _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb, which is the last
+ job stopped while it was in the foreground or started in the back-
+ ground. The _\bp_\br_\be_\bv_\bi_\bo_\bu_\bs _\bj_\bo_\bb may be referenced using %\b%-\b-. In output per-
taining to jobs (e.g., the output of the j\bjo\bob\bbs\bs command), the current job
- is always flagged with a +\b+, and the previous job with a -\b-. A single %
- (with no accompanying job specification) also refers to the current
+ is always flagged with a +\b+, and the previous job with a -\b-. A single %
+ (with no accompanying job specification) also refers to the current
job.
- Simply naming a job can be used to bring it into the foreground: %\b%1\b1 is
- a synonym for `\b``\b`f\bfg\bg %\b%1\b1'\b''\b', bringing job 1 from the background into the
- foreground. Similarly, `\b``\b`%\b%1\b1 &\b&'\b''\b' resumes job 1 in the background,
+ Simply naming a job can be used to bring it into the foreground: %\b%1\b1 is
+ a synonym for `\b``\b`f\bfg\bg %\b%1\b1'\b''\b', bringing job 1 from the background into the
+ foreground. Similarly, `\b``\b`%\b%1\b1 &\b&'\b''\b' resumes job 1 in the background,
equivalent to `\b``\b`b\bbg\bg %\b%1\b1'\b''\b'.
- The shell learns immediately whenever a job changes state. Normally,
+ The shell learns immediately whenever a job changes state. Normally,
b\bba\bas\bsh\bh waits until it is about to print a prompt before reporting changes
- in a job's status so as to not interrupt any other output. If the -\b-b\bb
+ in a job's status so as to not interrupt any other output. If the -\b-b\bb
option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command is enabled, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh reports such changes
- immediately. Any trap on S\bSI\bIG\bGC\bCH\bHL\bLD\bD is executed for each child that
+ immediately. Any trap on S\bSI\bIG\bGC\bCH\bHL\bLD\bD is executed for each child that
exits.
- If an attempt to exit b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is made while jobs are stopped (or, if the
- c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bkj\bjo\bob\bbs\bs shell option has been enabled using the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin, run-
+ If an attempt to exit b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is made while jobs are stopped (or, if the
+ c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bkj\bjo\bob\bbs\bs shell option has been enabled using the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin, run-
ning), the shell prints a warning message, and, if the c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bkj\bjo\bob\bbs\bs option
- is enabled, lists the jobs and their statuses. The j\bjo\bob\bbs\bs command may
- then be used to inspect their status. If a second attempt to exit is
- made without an intervening command, the shell does not print another
+ is enabled, lists the jobs and their statuses. The j\bjo\bob\bbs\bs command may
+ then be used to inspect their status. If a second attempt to exit is
+ made without an intervening command, the shell does not print another
warning, and any stopped jobs are terminated.
P\bPR\bRO\bOM\bMP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bNG\bG
When executing interactively, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh displays the primary prompt P\bPS\bS1\b1 when
- it is ready to read a command, and the secondary prompt P\bPS\bS2\b2 when it
- needs more input to complete a command. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh allows these prompt
- strings to be customized by inserting a number of backslash-escaped
+ it is ready to read a command, and the secondary prompt P\bPS\bS2\b2 when it
+ needs more input to complete a command. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh allows these prompt
+ strings to be customized by inserting a number of backslash-escaped
special characters that are decoded as follows:
\\b\a\ba an ASCII bell character (07)
- \\b\d\bd the date in "Weekday Month Date" format (e.g., "Tue May
+ \\b\d\bd the date in "Weekday Month Date" format (e.g., "Tue May
26")
\\b\D\bD{\b{_\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt}\b}
- the _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt is passed to _\bs_\bt_\br_\bf_\bt_\bi_\bm_\be(3) and the result is
- inserted into the prompt string; an empty _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt results
+ the _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt is passed to _\bs_\bt_\br_\bf_\bt_\bi_\bm_\be(3) and the result is
+ inserted into the prompt string; an empty _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt results
in a locale-specific time representation. The braces are
required
\\b\e\be an ASCII escape character (033)
\\b\l\bl the basename of the shell's terminal device name
\\b\n\bn newline
\\b\r\br carriage return
- \\b\s\bs the name of the shell, the basename of $\b$0\b0 (the portion
+ \\b\s\bs the name of the shell, the basename of $\b$0\b0 (the portion
following the final slash)
\\b\t\bt the current time in 24-hour HH:MM:SS format
\\b\T\bT the current time in 12-hour HH:MM:SS format
\\b\u\bu the username of the current user
\\b\v\bv the version of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh (e.g., 2.00)
\\b\V\bV the release of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh, version + patch level (e.g., 2.00.0)
- \\b\w\bw the current working directory, with $\b$H\bHO\bOM\bME\bE abbreviated
+ \\b\w\bw the current working directory, with $\b$H\bHO\bOM\bME\bE abbreviated
with a tilde
\\b\W\bW the basename of the current working directory, with $\b$H\bHO\bOM\bME\bE
abbreviated with a tilde
\\b\$\b$ if the effective UID is 0, a #\b#, otherwise a $\b$
\\b\_\bn_\bn_\bn the character corresponding to the octal number _\bn_\bn_\bn
\\b\\\b\ a backslash
- \\b\[\b[ begin a sequence of non-printing characters, which could
- be used to embed a terminal control sequence into the
+ \\b\[\b[ begin a sequence of non-printing characters, which could
+ be used to embed a terminal control sequence into the
prompt
\\b\]\b] end a sequence of non-printing characters
- The command number and the history number are usually different: the
- history number of a command is its position in the history list, which
- may include commands restored from the history file (see H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY
- below), while the command number is the position in the sequence of
- commands executed during the current shell session. After the string
- is decoded, it is expanded via parameter expansion, command substitu-
- tion, arithmetic expansion, and quote removal, subject to the value of
- the p\bpr\bro\bom\bmp\bpt\btv\bva\bar\brs\bs shell option (see the description of the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt command
+ The command number and the history number are usually different: the
+ history number of a command is its position in the history list, which
+ may include commands restored from the history file (see H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY
+ below), while the command number is the position in the sequence of
+ commands executed during the current shell session. After the string
+ is decoded, it is expanded via parameter expansion, command substitu-
+ tion, arithmetic expansion, and quote removal, subject to the value of
+ the p\bpr\bro\bom\bmp\bpt\btv\bva\bar\brs\bs shell option (see the description of the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt command
under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below).
R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE
- This is the library that handles reading input when using an interac-
+ This is the library that handles reading input when using an interac-
tive shell, unless the -\b--\b-n\bno\boe\bed\bdi\bit\bti\bin\bng\bg option is given at shell invocation.
By default, the line editing commands are similar to those of emacs. A
- vi-style line editing interface is also available. To turn off line
- editing after the shell is running, use the +\b+o\bo e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs or +\b+o\bo v\bvi\bi options
+ vi-style line editing interface is also available. To turn off line
+ editing after the shell is running, use the +\b+o\bo e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs or +\b+o\bo v\bvi\bi options
to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below).
R\bRe\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be N\bNo\bot\bta\bat\bti\bio\bon\bn
In this section, the emacs-style notation is used to denote keystrokes.
- Control keys are denoted by C-_\bk_\be_\by, e.g., C-n means Control-N. Simi-
- larly, _\bm_\be_\bt_\ba keys are denoted by M-_\bk_\be_\by, so M-x means Meta-X. (On key-
- boards without a _\bm_\be_\bt_\ba key, M-_\bx means ESC _\bx, i.e., press the Escape key
+ Control keys are denoted by C-_\bk_\be_\by, e.g., C-n means Control-N. Simi-
+ larly, _\bm_\be_\bt_\ba keys are denoted by M-_\bk_\be_\by, so M-x means Meta-X. (On key-
+ boards without a _\bm_\be_\bt_\ba key, M-_\bx means ESC _\bx, i.e., press the Escape key
then the _\bx key. This makes ESC the _\bm_\be_\bt_\ba _\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx. The combination M-C-_\bx
- means ESC-Control-_\bx, or press the Escape key then hold the Control key
+ means ESC-Control-_\bx, or press the Escape key then hold the Control key
while pressing the _\bx key.)
Readline commands may be given numeric _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs, which normally act as
- a repeat count. Sometimes, however, it is the sign of the argument
- that is significant. Passing a negative argument to a command that
- acts in the forward direction (e.g., k\bki\bil\bll\bl-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be) causes that command to
- act in a backward direction. Commands whose behavior with arguments
+ a repeat count. Sometimes, however, it is the sign of the argument
+ that is significant. Passing a negative argument to a command that
+ acts in the forward direction (e.g., k\bki\bil\bll\bl-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be) causes that command to
+ act in a backward direction. Commands whose behavior with arguments
deviates from this are noted below.
- When a command is described as _\bk_\bi_\bl_\bl_\bi_\bn_\bg text, the text deleted is saved
+ When a command is described as _\bk_\bi_\bl_\bl_\bi_\bn_\bg text, the text deleted is saved
for possible future retrieval (_\by_\ba_\bn_\bk_\bi_\bn_\bg). The killed text is saved in a
_\bk_\bi_\bl_\bl _\br_\bi_\bn_\bg. Consecutive kills cause the text to be accumulated into one
unit, which can be yanked all at once. Commands which do not kill text
separate the chunks of text on the kill ring.
R\bRe\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be I\bIn\bni\bit\bti\bia\bal\bli\biz\bza\bat\bti\bio\bon\bn
- Readline is customized by putting commands in an initialization file
- (the _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file). The name of this file is taken from the value of
- the I\bIN\bNP\bPU\bUT\bTR\bRC\bC variable. If that variable is unset, the default is
- _\b~_\b/_\b._\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc. When a program which uses the readline library starts up,
+ Readline is customized by putting commands in an initialization file
+ (the _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file). The name of this file is taken from the value of
+ the I\bIN\bNP\bPU\bUT\bTR\bRC\bC variable. If that variable is unset, the default is
+ _\b~_\b/_\b._\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc. When a program which uses the readline library starts up,
the initialization file is read, and the key bindings and variables are
- set. There are only a few basic constructs allowed in the readline
- initialization file. Blank lines are ignored. Lines beginning with a
- #\b# are comments. Lines beginning with a $\b$ indicate conditional con-
+ set. There are only a few basic constructs allowed in the readline
+ initialization file. Blank lines are ignored. Lines beginning with a
+ #\b# are comments. Lines beginning with a $\b$ indicate conditional con-
structs. Other lines denote key bindings and variable settings.
- The default key-bindings may be changed with an _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file. Other
+ The default key-bindings may be changed with an _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file. Other
programs that use this library may add their own commands and bindings.
For example, placing
M-Control-u: universal-argument
or
C-Meta-u: universal-argument
- into the _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc would make M-C-u execute the readline command _\bu_\bn_\bi_\bv_\be_\br_\b-
+ into the _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc would make M-C-u execute the readline command _\bu_\bn_\bi_\bv_\be_\br_\b-
_\bs_\ba_\bl_\b-_\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt.
- The following symbolic character names are recognized: _\bR_\bU_\bB_\bO_\bU_\bT, _\bD_\bE_\bL,
+ The following symbolic character names are recognized: _\bR_\bU_\bB_\bO_\bU_\bT, _\bD_\bE_\bL,
_\bE_\bS_\bC, _\bL_\bF_\bD, _\bN_\bE_\bW_\bL_\bI_\bN_\bE, _\bR_\bE_\bT, _\bR_\bE_\bT_\bU_\bR_\bN, _\bS_\bP_\bC, _\bS_\bP_\bA_\bC_\bE, and _\bT_\bA_\bB.
- In addition to command names, readline allows keys to be bound to a
+ In addition to command names, readline allows keys to be bound to a
string that is inserted when the key is pressed (a _\bm_\ba_\bc_\br_\bo).
R\bRe\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be K\bKe\bey\by B\bBi\bin\bnd\bdi\bin\bng\bgs\bs
- The syntax for controlling key bindings in the _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file is simple.
- All that is required is the name of the command or the text of a macro
- and a key sequence to which it should be bound. The name may be speci-
+ The syntax for controlling key bindings in the _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file is simple.
+ All that is required is the name of the command or the text of a macro
+ and a key sequence to which it should be bound. The name may be speci-
fied in one of two ways: as a symbolic key name, possibly with _\bM_\be_\bt_\ba_\b- or
_\bC_\bo_\bn_\bt_\br_\bo_\bl_\b- prefixes, or as a key sequence.
Meta-Rubout: backward-kill-word
Control-o: "> output"
- In the above example, _\bC_\b-_\bu is bound to the function u\bun\bni\biv\bve\ber\brs\bsa\bal\bl-\b-a\bar\brg\bgu\bum\bme\ben\bnt\bt,
- _\bM_\b-_\bD_\bE_\bL is bound to the function b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-k\bki\bil\bll\bl-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd, and _\bC_\b-_\bo is bound to
- run the macro expressed on the right hand side (that is, to insert the
+ In the above example, _\bC_\b-_\bu is bound to the function u\bun\bni\biv\bve\ber\brs\bsa\bal\bl-\b-a\bar\brg\bgu\bum\bme\ben\bnt\bt,
+ _\bM_\b-_\bD_\bE_\bL is bound to the function b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-k\bki\bil\bll\bl-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd, and _\bC_\b-_\bo is bound to
+ run the macro expressed on the right hand side (that is, to insert the
text ``> output'' into the line).
- In the second form, "\b"k\bke\bey\bys\bse\beq\bq"\b":_\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be or _\bm_\ba_\bc_\br_\bo, k\bke\bey\bys\bse\beq\bq differs
- from k\bke\bey\byn\bna\bam\bme\be above in that strings denoting an entire key sequence may
- be specified by placing the sequence within double quotes. Some GNU
- Emacs style key escapes can be used, as in the following example, but
+ In the second form, "\b"k\bke\bey\bys\bse\beq\bq"\b":_\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be or _\bm_\ba_\bc_\br_\bo, k\bke\bey\bys\bse\beq\bq differs
+ from k\bke\bey\byn\bna\bam\bme\be above in that strings denoting an entire key sequence may
+ be specified by placing the sequence within double quotes. Some GNU
+ Emacs style key escapes can be used, as in the following example, but
the symbolic character names are not recognized.
"\C-u": universal-argument
"\e[11~": "Function Key 1"
In this example, _\bC_\b-_\bu is again bound to the function u\bun\bni\biv\bve\ber\brs\bsa\bal\bl-\b-a\bar\brg\bgu\bum\bme\ben\bnt\bt.
- _\bC_\b-_\bx _\bC_\b-_\br is bound to the function r\bre\be-\b-r\bre\bea\bad\bd-\b-i\bin\bni\bit\bt-\b-f\bfi\bil\ble\be, and _\bE_\bS_\bC _\b[ _\b1 _\b1 _\b~ is
+ _\bC_\b-_\bx _\bC_\b-_\br is bound to the function r\bre\be-\b-r\bre\bea\bad\bd-\b-i\bin\bni\bit\bt-\b-f\bfi\bil\ble\be, and _\bE_\bS_\bC _\b[ _\b1 _\b1 _\b~ is
bound to insert the text ``Function Key 1''.
The full set of GNU Emacs style escape sequences is
\\b\"\b" literal "
\\b\'\b' literal '
- In addition to the GNU Emacs style escape sequences, a second set of
+ In addition to the GNU Emacs style escape sequences, a second set of
backslash escapes is available:
\\b\a\ba alert (bell)
\\b\b\bb backspace
\\b\r\br carriage return
\\b\t\bt horizontal tab
\\b\v\bv vertical tab
- \\b\_\bn_\bn_\bn the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value
+ \\b\_\bn_\bn_\bn the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value
_\bn_\bn_\bn (one to three digits)
- \\b\x\bx_\bH_\bH the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal
+ \\b\x\bx_\bH_\bH the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal
value _\bH_\bH (one or two hex digits)
When entering the text of a macro, single or double quotes must be used
to indicate a macro definition. Unquoted text is assumed to be a func-
- tion name. In the macro body, the backslash escapes described above
- are expanded. Backslash will quote any other character in the macro
+ tion name. In the macro body, the backslash escapes described above
+ are expanded. Backslash will quote any other character in the macro
text, including " and '.
- B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh allows the current readline key bindings to be displayed or modi-
- fied with the b\bbi\bin\bnd\bd builtin command. The editing mode may be switched
- during interactive use by using the -\b-o\bo option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin com-
+ B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh allows the current readline key bindings to be displayed or modi-
+ fied with the b\bbi\bin\bnd\bd builtin command. The editing mode may be switched
+ during interactive use by using the -\b-o\bo option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin com-
mand (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below).
R\bRe\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be V\bVa\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\bes\bs
s\bse\bet\bt _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be
- Except where noted, readline variables can take the values O\bOn\bn or O\bOf\bff\bf
- (without regard to case). Unrecognized variable names are ignored.
- When a variable value is read, empty or null values, "on" (case-insen-
+ Except where noted, readline variables can take the values O\bOn\bn or O\bOf\bff\bf
+ (without regard to case). Unrecognized variable names are ignored.
+ When a variable value is read, empty or null values, "on" (case-insen-
sitive), and "1" are equivalent to O\bOn\bn. All other values are equivalent
to O\bOf\bff\bf. The variables and their default values are:
b\bbe\bel\bll\bl-\b-s\bst\bty\byl\ble\be (\b(a\bau\bud\bdi\bib\bbl\ble\be)\b)
- Controls what happens when readline wants to ring the terminal
+ Controls what happens when readline wants to ring the terminal
bell. If set to n\bno\bon\bne\be, readline never rings the bell. If set to
- v\bvi\bis\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be, readline uses a visible bell if one is available. If
+ v\bvi\bis\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be, readline uses a visible bell if one is available. If
set to a\bau\bud\bdi\bib\bbl\ble\be, readline attempts to ring the terminal's bell.
b\bbi\bin\bnd\bd-\b-t\btt\bty\by-\b-s\bsp\bpe\bec\bci\bia\bal\bl-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\brs\bs (\b(O\bOn\bn)\b)
- If set to O\bOn\bn, readline attempts to bind the control characters
+ If set to O\bOn\bn, readline attempts to bind the control characters
treated specially by the kernel's terminal driver to their read-
line equivalents.
c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bt-\b-b\bbe\beg\bgi\bin\bn (\b(`\b``\b`#\b#'\b''\b')\b)
- The string that is inserted when the readline i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt-\b-c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bt
+ The string that is inserted when the readline i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt-\b-c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bt
command is executed. This command is bound to M\bM-\b-#\b# in emacs mode
and to #\b# in vi command mode.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn-\b-i\big\bgn\bno\bor\bre\be-\b-c\bca\bas\bse\be (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
If set to O\bOn\bn, readline performs filename matching and completion
in a case-insensitive fashion.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn-\b-q\bqu\bue\ber\bry\by-\b-i\bit\bte\bem\bms\bs (\b(1\b10\b00\b0)\b)
- This determines when the user is queried about viewing the num-
- ber of possible completions generated by the p\bpo\bos\bss\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\be-\b-
- t\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs command. It may be set to any integer value greater than
- or equal to zero. If the number of possible completions is
+ This determines when the user is queried about viewing the num-
+ ber of possible completions generated by the p\bpo\bos\bss\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\be-\b-
+ t\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs command. It may be set to any integer value greater than
+ or equal to zero. If the number of possible completions is
greater than or equal to the value of this variable, the user is
- asked whether or not he wishes to view them; otherwise they are
+ asked whether or not he wishes to view them; otherwise they are
simply listed on the terminal.
c\bco\bon\bnv\bve\ber\brt\bt-\b-m\bme\bet\bta\ba (\b(O\bOn\bn)\b)
- If set to O\bOn\bn, readline will convert characters with the eighth
+ If set to O\bOn\bn, readline will convert characters with the eighth
bit set to an ASCII key sequence by stripping the eighth bit and
- prefixing an escape character (in effect, using escape as the
+ prefixing an escape character (in effect, using escape as the
_\bm_\be_\bt_\ba _\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx).
d\bdi\bis\bsa\bab\bbl\ble\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
If set to O\bOn\bn, readline will inhibit word completion. Completion
- characters will be inserted into the line as if they had been
+ characters will be inserted into the line as if they had been
mapped to s\bse\bel\blf\bf-\b-i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt.
e\bed\bdi\bit\bti\bin\bng\bg-\b-m\bmo\bod\bde\be (\b(e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs)\b)
Controls whether readline begins with a set of key bindings sim-
v\bvi\bi.
e\ben\bna\bab\bbl\ble\be-\b-k\bke\bey\byp\bpa\bad\bd (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
When set to O\bOn\bn, readline will try to enable the application key-
- pad when it is called. Some systems need this to enable the
+ pad when it is called. Some systems need this to enable the
arrow keys.
e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd-\b-t\bti\bil\bld\bde\be (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
- If set to o\bon\bn, tilde expansion is performed when readline
+ If set to o\bon\bn, tilde expansion is performed when readline
attempts word completion.
h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by-\b-p\bpr\bre\bes\bse\ber\brv\bve\be-\b-p\bpo\boi\bin\bnt\bt (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
- If set to o\bon\bn, the history code attempts to place point at the
- same location on each history line retrieved with p\bpr\bre\bev\bvi\bio\bou\bus\bs-\b-h\bhi\bis\bs-\b-
+ If set to o\bon\bn, the history code attempts to place point at the
+ same location on each history line retrieved with p\bpr\bre\bev\bvi\bio\bou\bus\bs-\b-h\bhi\bis\bs-\b-
t\bto\bor\bry\by or n\bne\bex\bxt\bt-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by.
+ h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by-\b-s\bsi\biz\bze\be (\b(0\b0)\b)
+ Set the maximum number of history entries saved in the history
+ list. If set to zero, the number of entries in the history list
+ is not limited.
h\bho\bor\bri\biz\bzo\bon\bnt\bta\bal\bl-\b-s\bsc\bcr\bro\bol\bll\bl-\b-m\bmo\bod\bde\be (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
- When set to O\bOn\bn, makes readline use a single line for display,
+ When set to O\bOn\bn, makes readline use a single line for display,
scrolling the input horizontally on a single screen line when it
- becomes longer than the screen width rather than wrapping to a
+ becomes longer than the screen width rather than wrapping to a
new line.
i\bin\bnp\bpu\but\bt-\b-m\bme\bet\bta\ba (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
- If set to O\bOn\bn, readline will enable eight-bit input (that is, it
- will not strip the high bit from the characters it reads),
+ If set to O\bOn\bn, readline will enable eight-bit input (that is, it
+ will not strip the high bit from the characters it reads),
regardless of what the terminal claims it can support. The name
m\bme\bet\bta\ba-\b-f\bfl\bla\bag\bg is a synonym for this variable.
i\bis\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-t\bte\ber\brm\bmi\bin\bna\bat\bto\bor\brs\bs (\b(`\b``\b`C\bC-\b-[\b[C\bC-\b-J\bJ'\b''\b')\b)
- The string of characters that should terminate an incremental
- search without subsequently executing the character as a com-
- mand. If this variable has not been given a value, the charac-
+ The string of characters that should terminate an incremental
+ search without subsequently executing the character as a com-
+ mand. If this variable has not been given a value, the charac-
ters _\bE_\bS_\bC and _\bC_\b-_\bJ will terminate an incremental search.
k\bke\bey\bym\bma\bap\bp (\b(e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs)\b)
- Set the current readline keymap. The set of valid keymap names
- is _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b, _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bs_\bt_\ba_\bn_\bd_\ba_\br_\bd_\b, _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bm_\be_\bt_\ba_\b, _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bc_\bt_\bl_\bx_\b, _\bv_\bi_\b, _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\b-
- _\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd, and _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bi_\bn_\bs_\be_\br_\bt. _\bv_\bi is equivalent to _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd; _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs is
- equivalent to _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bs_\bt_\ba_\bn_\bd_\ba_\br_\bd. The default value is _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs; the
+ Set the current readline keymap. The set of valid keymap names
+ is _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b, _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bs_\bt_\ba_\bn_\bd_\ba_\br_\bd_\b, _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bm_\be_\bt_\ba_\b, _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bc_\bt_\bl_\bx_\b, _\bv_\bi_\b, _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\b-
+ _\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd, and _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bi_\bn_\bs_\be_\br_\bt. _\bv_\bi is equivalent to _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd; _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs is
+ equivalent to _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bs_\bt_\ba_\bn_\bd_\ba_\br_\bd. The default value is _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs; the
value of e\bed\bdi\bit\bti\bin\bng\bg-\b-m\bmo\bod\bde\be also affects the default keymap.
m\bma\bar\brk\bk-\b-d\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bto\bor\bri\bie\bes\bs (\b(O\bOn\bn)\b)
If set to O\bOn\bn, completed directory names have a slash appended.
m\bma\bar\brk\bk-\b-m\bmo\bod\bdi\bif\bfi\bie\bed\bd-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\bes\bs (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
- If set to O\bOn\bn, history lines that have been modified are dis-
+ If set to O\bOn\bn, history lines that have been modified are dis-
played with a preceding asterisk (*\b*).
m\bma\bar\brk\bk-\b-s\bsy\bym\bml\bli\bin\bnk\bke\bed\bd-\b-d\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bto\bor\bri\bie\bes\bs (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
If set to O\bOn\bn, completed names which are symbolic links to direc-
- tories have a slash appended (subject to the value of
+ tories have a slash appended (subject to the value of
m\bma\bar\brk\bk-\b-d\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bto\bor\bri\bie\bes\bs).
m\bma\bat\btc\bch\bh-\b-h\bhi\bid\bdd\bde\ben\bn-\b-f\bfi\bil\ble\bes\bs (\b(O\bOn\bn)\b)
- This variable, when set to O\bOn\bn, causes readline to match files
- whose names begin with a `.' (hidden files) when performing
- filename completion, unless the leading `.' is supplied by the
+ This variable, when set to O\bOn\bn, causes readline to match files
+ whose names begin with a `.' (hidden files) when performing
+ filename completion, unless the leading `.' is supplied by the
user in the filename to be completed.
o\bou\but\btp\bpu\but\bt-\b-m\bme\bet\bta\ba (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
- If set to O\bOn\bn, readline will display characters with the eighth
+ If set to O\bOn\bn, readline will display characters with the eighth
bit set directly rather than as a meta-prefixed escape sequence.
p\bpa\bag\bge\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs (\b(O\bOn\bn)\b)
- If set to O\bOn\bn, readline uses an internal _\bm_\bo_\br_\be-like pager to dis-
+ If set to O\bOn\bn, readline uses an internal _\bm_\bo_\br_\be-like pager to dis-
play a screenful of possible completions at a time.
p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\bt-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs-\b-h\bho\bor\bri\biz\bzo\bon\bnt\bta\bal\bll\bly\by (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
- If set to O\bOn\bn, readline will display completions with matches
- sorted horizontally in alphabetical order, rather than down the
+ If set to O\bOn\bn, readline will display completions with matches
+ sorted horizontally in alphabetical order, rather than down the
screen.
s\bsh\bho\bow\bw-\b-a\bal\bll\bl-\b-i\bif\bf-\b-a\bam\bmb\bbi\big\bgu\buo\bou\bus\bs (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
- This alters the default behavior of the completion functions.
+ This alters the default behavior of the completion functions.
If set to o\bon\bn, words which have more than one possible completion
- cause the matches to be listed immediately instead of ringing
+ cause the matches to be listed immediately instead of ringing
the bell.
s\bsh\bho\bow\bw-\b-a\bal\bll\bl-\b-i\bif\bf-\b-u\bun\bnm\bmo\bod\bdi\bif\bfi\bie\bed\bd (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
- This alters the default behavior of the completion functions in
+ This alters the default behavior of the completion functions in
a fashion similar to s\bsh\bho\bow\bw-\b-a\bal\bll\bl-\b-i\bif\bf-\b-a\bam\bmb\bbi\big\bgu\buo\bou\bus\bs. If set to o\bon\bn, words
- which have more than one possible completion without any possi-
- ble partial completion (the possible completions don't share a
- common prefix) cause the matches to be listed immediately
+ which have more than one possible completion without any possi-
+ ble partial completion (the possible completions don't share a
+ common prefix) cause the matches to be listed immediately
instead of ringing the bell.
v\bvi\bis\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-s\bst\bta\bat\bts\bs (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
- If set to O\bOn\bn, a character denoting a file's type as reported by
- _\bs_\bt_\ba_\bt(2) is appended to the filename when listing possible com-
+ If set to O\bOn\bn, a character denoting a file's type as reported by
+ _\bs_\bt_\ba_\bt(2) is appended to the filename when listing possible com-
pletions.
R\bRe\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be C\bCo\bon\bnd\bdi\bit\bti\bio\bon\bna\bal\bl C\bCo\bon\bns\bst\btr\bru\buc\bct\bts\bs
- Readline implements a facility similar in spirit to the conditional
- compilation features of the C preprocessor which allows key bindings
- and variable settings to be performed as the result of tests. There
+ Readline implements a facility similar in spirit to the conditional
+ compilation features of the C preprocessor which allows key bindings
+ and variable settings to be performed as the result of tests. There
are four parser directives used.
- $\b$i\bif\bf The $\b$i\bif\bf construct allows bindings to be made based on the edit-
- ing mode, the terminal being used, or the application using
- readline. The text of the test extends to the end of the line;
+ $\b$i\bif\bf The $\b$i\bif\bf construct allows bindings to be made based on the edit-
+ ing mode, the terminal being used, or the application using
+ readline. The text of the test extends to the end of the line;
no characters are required to isolate it.
- m\bmo\bod\bde\be The m\bmo\bod\bde\be=\b= form of the $\b$i\bif\bf directive is used to test
- whether readline is in emacs or vi mode. This may be
- used in conjunction with the s\bse\bet\bt k\bke\bey\bym\bma\bap\bp command, for
- instance, to set bindings in the _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bs_\bt_\ba_\bn_\bd_\ba_\br_\bd and
- _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bc_\bt_\bl_\bx keymaps only if readline is starting out in
+ m\bmo\bod\bde\be The m\bmo\bod\bde\be=\b= form of the $\b$i\bif\bf directive is used to test
+ whether readline is in emacs or vi mode. This may be
+ used in conjunction with the s\bse\bet\bt k\bke\bey\bym\bma\bap\bp command, for
+ instance, to set bindings in the _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bs_\bt_\ba_\bn_\bd_\ba_\br_\bd and
+ _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bc_\bt_\bl_\bx keymaps only if readline is starting out in
emacs mode.
- t\bte\ber\brm\bm The t\bte\ber\brm\bm=\b= form may be used to include terminal-specific
+ t\bte\ber\brm\bm The t\bte\ber\brm\bm=\b= form may be used to include terminal-specific
key bindings, perhaps to bind the key sequences output by
the terminal's function keys. The word on the right side
of the =\b= is tested against the both full name of the ter-
- minal and the portion of the terminal name before the
- first -\b-. This allows _\bs_\bu_\bn to match both _\bs_\bu_\bn and _\bs_\bu_\bn_\b-_\bc_\bm_\bd,
+ minal and the portion of the terminal name before the
+ first -\b-. This allows _\bs_\bu_\bn to match both _\bs_\bu_\bn and _\bs_\bu_\bn_\b-_\bc_\bm_\bd,
for instance.
a\bap\bpp\bpl\bli\bic\bca\bat\bti\bio\bon\bn
The a\bap\bpp\bpl\bli\bic\bca\bat\bti\bio\bon\bn construct is used to include application-
specific settings. Each program using the readline
- library sets the _\ba_\bp_\bp_\bl_\bi_\bc_\ba_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, and an initialization
+ library sets the _\ba_\bp_\bp_\bl_\bi_\bc_\ba_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, and an initialization
file can test for a particular value. This could be used
- to bind key sequences to functions useful for a specific
- program. For instance, the following command adds a key
- sequence that quotes the current or previous word in
+ to bind key sequences to functions useful for a specific
+ program. For instance, the following command adds a key
+ sequence that quotes the current or previous word in
Bash:
$\b$i\bif\bf Bash
test fails.
$\b$i\bin\bnc\bcl\blu\bud\bde\be
- This directive takes a single filename as an argument and reads
- commands and bindings from that file. For example, the follow-
+ This directive takes a single filename as an argument and reads
+ commands and bindings from that file. For example, the follow-
ing directive would read _\b/_\be_\bt_\bc_\b/_\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc:
$\b$i\bin\bnc\bcl\blu\bud\bde\be _\b/_\be_\bt_\bc_\b/_\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc
S\bSe\bea\bar\brc\bch\bhi\bin\bng\bg
- Readline provides commands for searching through the command history
+ Readline provides commands for searching through the command history
(see H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY below) for lines containing a specified string. There are
two search modes: _\bi_\bn_\bc_\br_\be_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\ba_\bl and _\bn_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bi_\bn_\bc_\br_\be_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\ba_\bl.
- Incremental searches begin before the user has finished typing the
- search string. As each character of the search string is typed, read-
+ Incremental searches begin before the user has finished typing the
+ search string. As each character of the search string is typed, read-
line displays the next entry from the history matching the string typed
- so far. An incremental search requires only as many characters as
- needed to find the desired history entry. The characters present in
- the value of the i\bis\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-t\bte\ber\brm\bmi\bin\bna\bat\bto\bor\brs\bs variable are used to terminate an
+ so far. An incremental search requires only as many characters as
+ needed to find the desired history entry. The characters present in
+ the value of the i\bis\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-t\bte\ber\brm\bmi\bin\bna\bat\bto\bor\brs\bs variable are used to terminate an
incremental search. If that variable has not been assigned a value the
- Escape and Control-J characters will terminate an incremental search.
- Control-G will abort an incremental search and restore the original
- line. When the search is terminated, the history entry containing the
+ Escape and Control-J characters will terminate an incremental search.
+ Control-G will abort an incremental search and restore the original
+ line. When the search is terminated, the history entry containing the
search string becomes the current line.
- To find other matching entries in the history list, type Control-S or
- Control-R as appropriate. This will search backward or forward in the
- history for the next entry matching the search string typed so far.
- Any other key sequence bound to a readline command will terminate the
- search and execute that command. For instance, a _\bn_\be_\bw_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be will termi-
+ To find other matching entries in the history list, type Control-S or
+ Control-R as appropriate. This will search backward or forward in the
+ history for the next entry matching the search string typed so far.
+ Any other key sequence bound to a readline command will terminate the
+ search and execute that command. For instance, a _\bn_\be_\bw_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be will termi-
nate the search and accept the line, thereby executing the command from
the history list.
Readline remembers the last incremental search string. If two Control-
- Rs are typed without any intervening characters defining a new search
+ Rs are typed without any intervening characters defining a new search
string, any remembered search string is used.
- Non-incremental searches read the entire search string before starting
- to search for matching history lines. The search string may be typed
+ Non-incremental searches read the entire search string before starting
+ to search for matching history lines. The search string may be typed
by the user or be part of the contents of the current line.
R\bRe\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be C\bCo\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd N\bNa\bam\bme\bes\bs
- The following is a list of the names of the commands and the default
+ The following is a list of the names of the commands and the default
key sequences to which they are bound. Command names without an accom-
panying key sequence are unbound by default. In the following descrip-
- tions, _\bp_\bo_\bi_\bn_\bt refers to the current cursor position, and _\bm_\ba_\br_\bk refers to
- a cursor position saved by the s\bse\bet\bt-\b-m\bma\bar\brk\bk command. The text between the
+ tions, _\bp_\bo_\bi_\bn_\bt refers to the current cursor position, and _\bm_\ba_\br_\bk refers to
+ a cursor position saved by the s\bse\bet\bt-\b-m\bma\bar\brk\bk command. The text between the
point and mark is referred to as the _\br_\be_\bg_\bi_\bo_\bn.
C\bCo\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bds\bs f\bfo\bor\br M\bMo\bov\bvi\bin\bng\bg
Move forward to the end of the next word. Words are composed of
alphanumeric characters (letters and digits).
b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-b\bb)\b)
- Move back to the start of the current or previous word. Words
+ Move back to the start of the current or previous word. Words
are composed of alphanumeric characters (letters and digits).
c\bcl\ble\bea\bar\br-\b-s\bsc\bcr\bre\bee\ben\bn (\b(C\bC-\b-l\bl)\b)
- Clear the screen leaving the current line at the top of the
- screen. With an argument, refresh the current line without
+ Clear the screen leaving the current line at the top of the
+ screen. With an argument, refresh the current line without
clearing the screen.
r\bre\bed\bdr\bra\baw\bw-\b-c\bcu\bur\brr\bre\ben\bnt\bt-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be
Refresh the current line.
C\bCo\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bds\bs f\bfo\bor\br M\bMa\ban\bni\bip\bpu\bul\bla\bat\bti\bin\bng\bg t\bth\bhe\be H\bHi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by
a\bac\bcc\bce\bep\bpt\bt-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be (\b(N\bNe\bew\bwl\bli\bin\bne\be,\b, R\bRe\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn)\b)
Accept the line regardless of where the cursor is. If this line
- is non-empty, add it to the history list according to the state
- of the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL variable. If the line is a modified history
+ is non-empty, add it to the history list according to the state
+ of the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL variable. If the line is a modified history
line, then restore the history line to its original state.
p\bpr\bre\bev\bvi\bio\bou\bus\bs-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by (\b(C\bC-\b-p\bp)\b)
Fetch the previous command from the history list, moving back in
the list.
n\bne\bex\bxt\bt-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by (\b(C\bC-\b-n\bn)\b)
- Fetch the next command from the history list, moving forward in
+ Fetch the next command from the history list, moving forward in
the list.
b\bbe\beg\bgi\bin\bnn\bni\bin\bng\bg-\b-o\bof\bf-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by (\b(M\bM-\b-<\b<)\b)
Move to the first line in the history.
e\ben\bnd\bd-\b-o\bof\bf-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by (\b(M\bM-\b->\b>)\b)
- Move to the end of the input history, i.e., the line currently
+ Move to the end of the input history, i.e., the line currently
being entered.
r\bre\bev\bve\ber\brs\bse\be-\b-s\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by (\b(C\bC-\b-r\br)\b)
- Search backward starting at the current line and moving `up'
- through the history as necessary. This is an incremental
+ Search backward starting at the current line and moving `up'
+ through the history as necessary. This is an incremental
search.
f\bfo\bor\brw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-s\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by (\b(C\bC-\b-s\bs)\b)
- Search forward starting at the current line and moving `down'
- through the history as necessary. This is an incremental
+ Search forward starting at the current line and moving `down'
+ through the history as necessary. This is an incremental
search.
n\bno\bon\bn-\b-i\bin\bnc\bcr\bre\bem\bme\ben\bnt\bta\bal\bl-\b-r\bre\bev\bve\ber\brs\bse\be-\b-s\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by (\b(M\bM-\b-p\bp)\b)
Search backward through the history starting at the current line
- using a non-incremental search for a string supplied by the
+ using a non-incremental search for a string supplied by the
user.
n\bno\bon\bn-\b-i\bin\bnc\bcr\bre\bem\bme\ben\bnt\bta\bal\bl-\b-f\bfo\bor\brw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-s\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by (\b(M\bM-\b-n\bn)\b)
- Search forward through the history using a non-incremental
+ Search forward through the history using a non-incremental
search for a string supplied by the user.
h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by-\b-s\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-f\bfo\bor\brw\bwa\bar\brd\bd
- Search forward through the history for the string of characters
- between the start of the current line and the point. This is a
+ Search forward through the history for the string of characters
+ between the start of the current line and the point. This is a
non-incremental search.
h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by-\b-s\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd
Search backward through the history for the string of characters
- between the start of the current line and the point. This is a
+ between the start of the current line and the point. This is a
non-incremental search.
y\bya\ban\bnk\bk-\b-n\bnt\bth\bh-\b-a\bar\brg\bg (\b(M\bM-\b-C\bC-\b-y\by)\b)
- Insert the first argument to the previous command (usually the
+ Insert the first argument to the previous command (usually the
second word on the previous line) at point. With an argument _\bn,
- insert the _\bnth word from the previous command (the words in the
- previous command begin with word 0). A negative argument
+ insert the _\bnth word from the previous command (the words in the
+ previous command begin with word 0). A negative argument
inserts the _\bnth word from the end of the previous command. Once
- the argument _\bn is computed, the argument is extracted as if the
+ the argument _\bn is computed, the argument is extracted as if the
"!_\bn" history expansion had been specified.
y\bya\ban\bnk\bk-\b-l\bla\bas\bst\bt-\b-a\bar\brg\bg (\b(M\bM-\b-.\b.,\b, M\bM-\b-_\b_)\b)
- Insert the last argument to the previous command (the last word
- of the previous history entry). With an argument, behave
- exactly like y\bya\ban\bnk\bk-\b-n\bnt\bth\bh-\b-a\bar\brg\bg. Successive calls to y\bya\ban\bnk\bk-\b-l\bla\bas\bst\bt-\b-a\bar\brg\bg
- move back through the history list, inserting the last argument
+ Insert the last argument to the previous command (the last word
+ of the previous history entry). With an argument, behave
+ exactly like y\bya\ban\bnk\bk-\b-n\bnt\bth\bh-\b-a\bar\brg\bg. Successive calls to y\bya\ban\bnk\bk-\b-l\bla\bas\bst\bt-\b-a\bar\brg\bg
+ move back through the history list, inserting the last argument
of each line in turn. The history expansion facilities are used
- to extract the last argument, as if the "!$" history expansion
+ to extract the last argument, as if the "!$" history expansion
had been specified.
s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl-\b-e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be (\b(M\bM-\b-C\bC-\b-e\be)\b)
Expand the line as the shell does. This performs alias and his-
tory expansion as well as all of the shell word expansions. See
- H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN below for a description of history expansion.
+ H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN below for a description of history expansion.
h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by-\b-e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be (\b(M\bM-\b-^\b^)\b)
- Perform history expansion on the current line. See H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY
+ Perform history expansion on the current line. See H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY
E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN below for a description of history expansion.
m\bma\bag\bgi\bic\bc-\b-s\bsp\bpa\bac\bce\be
- Perform history expansion on the current line and insert a
+ Perform history expansion on the current line and insert a
space. See H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN below for a description of history
expansion.
a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs-\b-e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be
- Perform alias expansion on the current line. See A\bAL\bLI\bIA\bAS\bSE\bES\bS above
+ Perform alias expansion on the current line. See A\bAL\bLI\bIA\bAS\bSE\bES\bS above
for a description of alias expansion.
h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by-\b-a\ban\bnd\bd-\b-a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs-\b-e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be
Perform history and alias expansion on the current line.
i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt-\b-l\bla\bas\bst\bt-\b-a\bar\brg\bgu\bum\bme\ben\bnt\bt (\b(M\bM-\b-.\b.,\b, M\bM-\b-_\b_)\b)
A synonym for y\bya\ban\bnk\bk-\b-l\bla\bas\bst\bt-\b-a\bar\brg\bg.
o\bop\bpe\ber\bra\bat\bte\be-\b-a\ban\bnd\bd-\b-g\bge\bet\bt-\b-n\bne\bex\bxt\bt (\b(C\bC-\b-o\bo)\b)
- Accept the current line for execution and fetch the next line
- relative to the current line from the history for editing. Any
+ Accept the current line for execution and fetch the next line
+ relative to the current line from the history for editing. Any
argument is ignored.
e\bed\bdi\bit\bt-\b-a\ban\bnd\bd-\b-e\bex\bxe\bec\bcu\but\bte\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bxC\bC-\b-e\be)\b)
- Invoke an editor on the current command line, and execute the
- result as shell commands. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh attempts to invoke $\b$F\bFC\bCE\bED\bDI\bIT\bT,
+ Invoke an editor on the current command line, and execute the
+ result as shell commands. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh attempts to invoke $\b$F\bFC\bCE\bED\bDI\bIT\bT,
$\b$E\bED\bDI\bIT\bTO\bOR\bR, and _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs as the editor, in that order.
C\bCo\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bds\bs f\bfo\bor\br C\bCh\bha\ban\bng\bgi\bin\bng\bg T\bTe\bex\bxt\bt
d\bde\bel\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\br (\b(C\bC-\b-d\bd)\b)
- Delete the character at point. If point is at the beginning of
- the line, there are no characters in the line, and the last
+ Delete the character at point. If point is at the beginning of
+ the line, there are no characters in the line, and the last
character typed was not bound to d\bde\bel\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\br, then return E\bEO\bOF\bF.
b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-d\bde\bel\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\br (\b(R\bRu\bub\bbo\bou\but\bt)\b)
- Delete the character behind the cursor. When given a numeric
+ Delete the character behind the cursor. When given a numeric
argument, save the deleted text on the kill ring.
f\bfo\bor\brw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-d\bde\bel\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\br
- Delete the character under the cursor, unless the cursor is at
+ Delete the character under the cursor, unless the cursor is at
the end of the line, in which case the character behind the cur-
sor is deleted.
q\bqu\buo\bot\bte\bed\bd-\b-i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt (\b(C\bC-\b-q\bq,\b, C\bC-\b-v\bv)\b)
- Add the next character typed to the line verbatim. This is how
+ Add the next character typed to the line verbatim. This is how
to insert characters like C\bC-\b-q\bq, for example.
t\bta\bab\bb-\b-i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt (\b(C\bC-\b-v\bv T\bTA\bAB\bB)\b)
Insert a tab character.
s\bse\bel\blf\bf-\b-i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt (\b(a\ba,\b, b\bb,\b, A\bA,\b, 1\b1,\b, !\b!,\b, .\b..\b..\b.)\b)
Insert the character typed.
t\btr\bra\ban\bns\bsp\bpo\bos\bse\be-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\brs\bs (\b(C\bC-\b-t\bt)\b)
- Drag the character before point forward over the character at
- point, moving point forward as well. If point is at the end of
- the line, then this transposes the two characters before point.
+ Drag the character before point forward over the character at
+ point, moving point forward as well. If point is at the end of
+ the line, then this transposes the two characters before point.
Negative arguments have no effect.
t\btr\bra\ban\bns\bsp\bpo\bos\bse\be-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bds\bs (\b(M\bM-\b-t\bt)\b)
- Drag the word before point past the word after point, moving
- point over that word as well. If point is at the end of the
+ Drag the word before point past the word after point, moving
+ point over that word as well. If point is at the end of the
line, this transposes the last two words on the line.
u\bup\bpc\bca\bas\bse\be-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-u\bu)\b)
- Uppercase the current (or following) word. With a negative
+ Uppercase the current (or following) word. With a negative
argument, uppercase the previous word, but do not move point.
d\bdo\bow\bwn\bnc\bca\bas\bse\be-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-l\bl)\b)
- Lowercase the current (or following) word. With a negative
+ Lowercase the current (or following) word. With a negative
argument, lowercase the previous word, but do not move point.
c\bca\bap\bpi\bit\bta\bal\bli\biz\bze\be-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-c\bc)\b)
- Capitalize the current (or following) word. With a negative
+ Capitalize the current (or following) word. With a negative
argument, capitalize the previous word, but do not move point.
o\bov\bve\ber\brw\bwr\bri\bit\bte\be-\b-m\bmo\bod\bde\be
- Toggle overwrite mode. With an explicit positive numeric argu-
+ Toggle overwrite mode. With an explicit positive numeric argu-
ment, switches to overwrite mode. With an explicit non-positive
numeric argument, switches to insert mode. This command affects
- only e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs mode; v\bvi\bi mode does overwrite differently. Each call
+ only e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs mode; v\bvi\bi mode does overwrite differently. Each call
to _\br_\be_\ba_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be_\b(_\b) starts in insert mode. In overwrite mode, charac-
- ters bound to s\bse\bel\blf\bf-\b-i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt replace the text at point rather than
- pushing the text to the right. Characters bound to b\bba\bac\bck\bk-\b-
- w\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-d\bde\bel\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\br replace the character before point with a
+ ters bound to s\bse\bel\blf\bf-\b-i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt replace the text at point rather than
+ pushing the text to the right. Characters bound to b\bba\bac\bck\bk-\b-
+ w\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-d\bde\bel\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\br replace the character before point with a
space. By default, this command is unbound.
K\bKi\bil\bll\bli\bin\bng\bg a\ban\bnd\bd Y\bYa\ban\bnk\bki\bin\bng\bg
b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-k\bki\bil\bll\bl-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx R\bRu\bub\bbo\bou\but\bt)\b)
Kill backward to the beginning of the line.
u\bun\bni\bix\bx-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be-\b-d\bdi\bis\bsc\bca\bar\brd\bd (\b(C\bC-\b-u\bu)\b)
- Kill backward from point to the beginning of the line. The
+ Kill backward from point to the beginning of the line. The
killed text is saved on the kill-ring.
k\bki\bil\bll\bl-\b-w\bwh\bho\bol\ble\be-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be
- Kill all characters on the current line, no matter where point
+ Kill all characters on the current line, no matter where point
is.
k\bki\bil\bll\bl-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-d\bd)\b)
- Kill from point to the end of the current word, or if between
- words, to the end of the next word. Word boundaries are the
+ Kill from point to the end of the current word, or if between
+ words, to the end of the next word. Word boundaries are the
same as those used by f\bfo\bor\brw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd.
b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-k\bki\bil\bll\bl-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-R\bRu\bub\bbo\bou\but\bt)\b)
- Kill the word behind point. Word boundaries are the same as
+ Kill the word behind point. Word boundaries are the same as
those used by b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd.
u\bun\bni\bix\bx-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd-\b-r\bru\bub\bbo\bou\but\bt (\b(C\bC-\b-w\bw)\b)
- Kill the word behind point, using white space as a word bound-
+ Kill the word behind point, using white space as a word bound-
ary. The killed text is saved on the kill-ring.
u\bun\bni\bix\bx-\b-f\bfi\bil\ble\ben\bna\bam\bme\be-\b-r\bru\bub\bbo\bou\but\bt
- Kill the word behind point, using white space and the slash
- character as the word boundaries. The killed text is saved on
+ Kill the word behind point, using white space and the slash
+ character as the word boundaries. The killed text is saved on
the kill-ring.
d\bde\bel\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-h\bho\bor\bri\biz\bzo\bon\bnt\bta\bal\bl-\b-s\bsp\bpa\bac\bce\be (\b(M\bM-\b-\\b\)\b)
Delete all spaces and tabs around point.
c\bco\bop\bpy\by-\b-r\bre\beg\bgi\bio\bon\bn-\b-a\bas\bs-\b-k\bki\bil\bll\bl
Copy the text in the region to the kill buffer.
c\bco\bop\bpy\by-\b-b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd
- Copy the word before point to the kill buffer. The word bound-
+ Copy the word before point to the kill buffer. The word bound-
aries are the same as b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd.
c\bco\bop\bpy\by-\b-f\bfo\bor\brw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd
- Copy the word following point to the kill buffer. The word
+ Copy the word following point to the kill buffer. The word
boundaries are the same as f\bfo\bor\brw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd.
y\bya\ban\bnk\bk (\b(C\bC-\b-y\by)\b)
Yank the top of the kill ring into the buffer at point.
y\bya\ban\bnk\bk-\b-p\bpo\bop\bp (\b(M\bM-\b-y\by)\b)
- Rotate the kill ring, and yank the new top. Only works follow-
+ Rotate the kill ring, and yank the new top. Only works follow-
ing y\bya\ban\bnk\bk or y\bya\ban\bnk\bk-\b-p\bpo\bop\bp.
N\bNu\bum\bme\ber\bri\bic\bc A\bAr\brg\bgu\bum\bme\ben\bnt\bts\bs
d\bdi\big\bgi\bit\bt-\b-a\bar\brg\bgu\bum\bme\ben\bnt\bt (\b(M\bM-\b-0\b0,\b, M\bM-\b-1\b1,\b, .\b..\b..\b.,\b, M\bM-\b--\b-)\b)
- Add this digit to the argument already accumulating, or start a
+ Add this digit to the argument already accumulating, or start a
new argument. M-- starts a negative argument.
u\bun\bni\biv\bve\ber\brs\bsa\bal\bl-\b-a\bar\brg\bgu\bum\bme\ben\bnt\bt
- This is another way to specify an argument. If this command is
- followed by one or more digits, optionally with a leading minus
- sign, those digits define the argument. If the command is fol-
- lowed by digits, executing u\bun\bni\biv\bve\ber\brs\bsa\bal\bl-\b-a\bar\brg\bgu\bum\bme\ben\bnt\bt again ends the
- numeric argument, but is otherwise ignored. As a special case,
- if this command is immediately followed by a character that is
- neither a digit or minus sign, the argument count for the next
- command is multiplied by four. The argument count is initially
- one, so executing this function the first time makes the argu-
+ This is another way to specify an argument. If this command is
+ followed by one or more digits, optionally with a leading minus
+ sign, those digits define the argument. If the command is fol-
+ lowed by digits, executing u\bun\bni\biv\bve\ber\brs\bsa\bal\bl-\b-a\bar\brg\bgu\bum\bme\ben\bnt\bt again ends the
+ numeric argument, but is otherwise ignored. As a special case,
+ if this command is immediately followed by a character that is
+ neither a digit or minus sign, the argument count for the next
+ command is multiplied by four. The argument count is initially
+ one, so executing this function the first time makes the argu-
ment count four, a second time makes the argument count sixteen,
and so on.
C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bin\bng\bg
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be (\b(T\bTA\bAB\bB)\b)
- Attempt to perform completion on the text before point. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh
+ Attempt to perform completion on the text before point. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh
attempts completion treating the text as a variable (if the text
- begins with $\b$), username (if the text begins with ~\b~), hostname
- (if the text begins with @\b@), or command (including aliases and
+ begins with $\b$), username (if the text begins with ~\b~), hostname
+ (if the text begins with @\b@), or command (including aliases and
functions) in turn. If none of these produces a match, filename
completion is attempted.
p\bpo\bos\bss\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs (\b(M\bM-\b-?\b?)\b)
List the possible completions of the text before point.
i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs (\b(M\bM-\b-*\b*)\b)
- Insert all completions of the text before point that would have
+ Insert all completions of the text before point that would have
been generated by p\bpo\bos\bss\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs.
m\bme\ben\bnu\bu-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be
- Similar to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be, but replaces the word to be completed with
- a single match from the list of possible completions. Repeated
- execution of m\bme\ben\bnu\bu-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be steps through the list of possible
- completions, inserting each match in turn. At the end of the
+ Similar to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be, but replaces the word to be completed with
+ a single match from the list of possible completions. Repeated
+ execution of m\bme\ben\bnu\bu-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be steps through the list of possible
+ completions, inserting each match in turn. At the end of the
list of completions, the bell is rung (subject to the setting of
b\bbe\bel\bll\bl-\b-s\bst\bty\byl\ble\be) and the original text is restored. An argument of _\bn
- moves _\bn positions forward in the list of matches; a negative
- argument may be used to move backward through the list. This
- command is intended to be bound to T\bTA\bAB\bB, but is unbound by
+ moves _\bn positions forward in the list of matches; a negative
+ argument may be used to move backward through the list. This
+ command is intended to be bound to T\bTA\bAB\bB, but is unbound by
default.
d\bde\bel\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\br-\b-o\bor\br-\b-l\bli\bis\bst\bt
- Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the beginning
- or end of the line (like d\bde\bel\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\br). If at the end of the
+ Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the beginning
+ or end of the line (like d\bde\bel\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\br). If at the end of the
line, behaves identically to p\bpo\bos\bss\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs. This command
is unbound by default.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-f\bfi\bil\ble\ben\bna\bam\bme\be (\b(M\bM-\b-/\b/)\b)
List the possible completions of the text before point, treating
it as a filename.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-u\bus\bse\ber\brn\bna\bam\bme\be (\b(M\bM-\b-~\b~)\b)
- Attempt completion on the text before point, treating it as a
+ Attempt completion on the text before point, treating it as a
username.
p\bpo\bos\bss\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-u\bus\bse\ber\brn\bna\bam\bme\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx ~\b~)\b)
List the possible completions of the text before point, treating
it as a username.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-v\bva\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\be (\b(M\bM-\b-$\b$)\b)
- Attempt completion on the text before point, treating it as a
+ Attempt completion on the text before point, treating it as a
shell variable.
p\bpo\bos\bss\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-v\bva\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx $\b$)\b)
List the possible completions of the text before point, treating
it as a shell variable.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-h\bho\bos\bst\btn\bna\bam\bme\be (\b(M\bM-\b-@\b@)\b)
- Attempt completion on the text before point, treating it as a
+ Attempt completion on the text before point, treating it as a
hostname.
p\bpo\bos\bss\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-h\bho\bos\bst\btn\bna\bam\bme\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx @\b@)\b)
List the possible completions of the text before point, treating
it as a hostname.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-!\b!)\b)
- Attempt completion on the text before point, treating it as a
- command name. Command completion attempts to match the text
- against aliases, reserved words, shell functions, shell
+ Attempt completion on the text before point, treating it as a
+ command name. Command completion attempts to match the text
+ against aliases, reserved words, shell functions, shell
builtins, and finally executable filenames, in that order.
p\bpo\bos\bss\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx !\b!)\b)
List the possible completions of the text before point, treating
it as a command name.
d\bdy\byn\bna\bam\bmi\bic\bc-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by (\b(M\bM-\b-T\bTA\bAB\bB)\b)
- Attempt completion on the text before point, comparing the text
- against lines from the history list for possible completion
+ Attempt completion on the text before point, comparing the text
+ against lines from the history list for possible completion
matches.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-i\bin\bnt\bto\bo-\b-b\bbr\bra\bac\bce\bes\bs (\b(M\bM-\b-{\b{)\b)
Perform filename completion and insert the list of possible com-
- pletions enclosed within braces so the list is available to the
+ pletions enclosed within braces so the list is available to the
shell (see B\bBr\bra\bac\bce\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn above).
K\bKe\bey\byb\bbo\boa\bar\brd\bd M\bMa\bac\bcr\bro\bos\bs
s\bst\bta\bar\brt\bt-\b-k\bkb\bbd\bd-\b-m\bma\bac\bcr\bro\bo (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx (\b()\b)
- Begin saving the characters typed into the current keyboard
+ Begin saving the characters typed into the current keyboard
macro.
e\ben\bnd\bd-\b-k\bkb\bbd\bd-\b-m\bma\bac\bcr\bro\bo (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx )\b))\b)
Stop saving the characters typed into the current keyboard macro
and store the definition.
c\bca\bal\bll\bl-\b-l\bla\bas\bst\bt-\b-k\bkb\bbd\bd-\b-m\bma\bac\bcr\bro\bo (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx e\be)\b)
- Re-execute the last keyboard macro defined, by making the char-
+ Re-execute the last keyboard macro defined, by making the char-
acters in the macro appear as if typed at the keyboard.
M\bMi\bis\bsc\bce\bel\bll\bla\ban\bne\beo\bou\bus\bs
r\bre\be-\b-r\bre\bea\bad\bd-\b-i\bin\bni\bit\bt-\b-f\bfi\bil\ble\be (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx C\bC-\b-r\br)\b)
- Read in the contents of the _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file, and incorporate any
+ Read in the contents of the _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file, and incorporate any
bindings or variable assignments found there.
a\bab\bbo\bor\brt\bt (\b(C\bC-\b-g\bg)\b)
- Abort the current editing command and ring the terminal's bell
+ Abort the current editing command and ring the terminal's bell
(subject to the setting of b\bbe\bel\bll\bl-\b-s\bst\bty\byl\ble\be).
d\bdo\bo-\b-u\bup\bpp\bpe\ber\brc\bca\bas\bse\be-\b-v\bve\ber\brs\bsi\bio\bon\bn (\b(M\bM-\b-a\ba,\b, M\bM-\b-b\bb,\b, M\bM-\b-_\bx,\b, .\b..\b..\b.)\b)
- If the metafied character _\bx is lowercase, run the command that
+ If the metafied character _\bx is lowercase, run the command that
is bound to the corresponding uppercase character.
p\bpr\bre\bef\bfi\bix\bx-\b-m\bme\bet\bta\ba (\b(E\bES\bSC\bC)\b)
Metafy the next character typed. E\bES\bSC\bC f\bf is equivalent to M\bMe\bet\bta\ba-\b-f\bf.
u\bun\bnd\bdo\bo (\b(C\bC-\b-_\b_,\b, C\bC-\b-x\bx C\bC-\b-u\bu)\b)
Incremental undo, separately remembered for each line.
r\bre\bev\bve\ber\brt\bt-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be (\b(M\bM-\b-r\br)\b)
- Undo all changes made to this line. This is like executing the
- u\bun\bnd\bdo\bo command enough times to return the line to its initial
+ Undo all changes made to this line. This is like executing the
+ u\bun\bnd\bdo\bo command enough times to return the line to its initial
state.
t\bti\bil\bld\bde\be-\b-e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-&\b&)\b)
Perform tilde expansion on the current word.
s\bse\bet\bt-\b-m\bma\bar\brk\bk (\b(C\bC-\b-@\b@,\b, M\bM-\b-<\b<s\bsp\bpa\bac\bce\be>\b>)\b)
- Set the mark to the point. If a numeric argument is supplied,
+ Set the mark to the point. If a numeric argument is supplied,
the mark is set to that position.
e\bex\bxc\bch\bha\ban\bng\bge\be-\b-p\bpo\boi\bin\bnt\bt-\b-a\ban\bnd\bd-\b-m\bma\bar\brk\bk (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx C\bC-\b-x\bx)\b)
- Swap the point with the mark. The current cursor position is
- set to the saved position, and the old cursor position is saved
+ Swap the point with the mark. The current cursor position is
+ set to the saved position, and the old cursor position is saved
as the mark.
c\bch\bha\bar\bra\bac\bct\bte\ber\br-\b-s\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh (\b(C\bC-\b-]\b])\b)
A character is read and point is moved to the next occurrence of
- that character. A negative count searches for previous occur-
+ that character. A negative count searches for previous occur-
rences.
c\bch\bha\bar\bra\bac\bct\bte\ber\br-\b-s\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-C\bC-\b-]\b])\b)
- A character is read and point is moved to the previous occur-
- rence of that character. A negative count searches for subse-
+ A character is read and point is moved to the previous occur-
+ rence of that character. A negative count searches for subse-
quent occurrences.
i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt-\b-c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bt (\b(M\bM-\b-#\b#)\b)
- Without a numeric argument, the value of the readline c\bco\bom\bm-\b-
- m\bme\ben\bnt\bt-\b-b\bbe\beg\bgi\bin\bn variable is inserted at the beginning of the current
+ Without a numeric argument, the value of the readline c\bco\bom\bm-\b-
+ m\bme\ben\bnt\bt-\b-b\bbe\beg\bgi\bin\bn variable is inserted at the beginning of the current
line. If a numeric argument is supplied, this command acts as a
- toggle: if the characters at the beginning of the line do not
- match the value of c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bt-\b-b\bbe\beg\bgi\bin\bn, the value is inserted, other-
+ toggle: if the characters at the beginning of the line do not
+ match the value of c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bt-\b-b\bbe\beg\bgi\bin\bn, the value is inserted, other-
wise the characters in c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bt-\b-b\bbe\beg\bgi\bin\bn are deleted from the begin-
- ning of the line. In either case, the line is accepted as if a
- newline had been typed. The default value of c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bt-\b-b\bbe\beg\bgi\bin\bn
- causes this command to make the current line a shell comment.
- If a numeric argument causes the comment character to be
+ ning of the line. In either case, the line is accepted as if a
+ newline had been typed. The default value of c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bt-\b-b\bbe\beg\bgi\bin\bn
+ causes this command to make the current line a shell comment.
+ If a numeric argument causes the comment character to be
removed, the line will be executed by the shell.
g\bgl\blo\bob\bb-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-g\bg)\b)
- The word before point is treated as a pattern for pathname
- expansion, with an asterisk implicitly appended. This pattern
- is used to generate a list of matching file names for possible
+ The word before point is treated as a pattern for pathname
+ expansion, with an asterisk implicitly appended. This pattern
+ is used to generate a list of matching file names for possible
completions.
g\bgl\blo\bob\bb-\b-e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx *\b*)\b)
- The word before point is treated as a pattern for pathname
- expansion, and the list of matching file names is inserted,
- replacing the word. If a numeric argument is supplied, an
+ The word before point is treated as a pattern for pathname
+ expansion, and the list of matching file names is inserted,
+ replacing the word. If a numeric argument is supplied, an
asterisk is appended before pathname expansion.
g\bgl\blo\bob\bb-\b-l\bli\bis\bst\bt-\b-e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bns\bs (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx g\bg)\b)
- The list of expansions that would have been generated by
- g\bgl\blo\bob\bb-\b-e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd is displayed, and the line is redrawn. If a
- numeric argument is supplied, an asterisk is appended before
+ The list of expansions that would have been generated by
+ g\bgl\blo\bob\bb-\b-e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd is displayed, and the line is redrawn. If a
+ numeric argument is supplied, an asterisk is appended before
pathname expansion.
d\bdu\bum\bmp\bp-\b-f\bfu\bun\bnc\bct\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs
- Print all of the functions and their key bindings to the read-
+ Print all of the functions and their key bindings to the read-
line output stream. If a numeric argument is supplied, the out-
- put is formatted in such a way that it can be made part of an
+ put is formatted in such a way that it can be made part of an
_\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file.
d\bdu\bum\bmp\bp-\b-v\bva\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\bes\bs
Print all of the settable readline variables and their values to
- the readline output stream. If a numeric argument is supplied,
- the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part
+ the readline output stream. If a numeric argument is supplied,
+ the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part
of an _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file.
d\bdu\bum\bmp\bp-\b-m\bma\bac\bcr\bro\bos\bs
- Print all of the readline key sequences bound to macros and the
- strings they output. If a numeric argument is supplied, the
+ Print all of the readline key sequences bound to macros and the
+ strings they output. If a numeric argument is supplied, the
output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part of an
_\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file.
d\bdi\bis\bsp\bpl\bla\bay\by-\b-s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl-\b-v\bve\ber\brs\bsi\bio\bon\bn (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx C\bC-\b-v\bv)\b)
- Display version information about the current instance of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh.
+ Display version information about the current instance of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh.
P\bPr\bro\bog\bgr\bra\bam\bmm\bma\bab\bbl\ble\be C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn
- When word completion is attempted for an argument to a command for
- which a completion specification (a _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc) has been defined using
- the c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be builtin (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below), the pro-
+ When word completion is attempted for an argument to a command for
+ which a completion specification (a _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc) has been defined using
+ the c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be builtin (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below), the pro-
grammable completion facilities are invoked.
- First, the command name is identified. If a compspec has been defined
+ First, the command name is identified. If a compspec has been defined
for that command, the compspec is used to generate the list of possible
- completions for the word. If the command word is a full pathname, a
- compspec for the full pathname is searched for first. If no compspec
- is found for the full pathname, an attempt is made to find a compspec
+ completions for the word. If the command word is a full pathname, a
+ compspec for the full pathname is searched for first. If no compspec
+ is found for the full pathname, an attempt is made to find a compspec
for the portion following the final slash.
- Once a compspec has been found, it is used to generate the list of
- matching words. If a compspec is not found, the default b\bba\bas\bsh\bh comple-
+ Once a compspec has been found, it is used to generate the list of
+ matching words. If a compspec is not found, the default b\bba\bas\bsh\bh comple-
tion as described above under C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bin\bng\bg is performed.
- First, the actions specified by the compspec are used. Only matches
- which are prefixed by the word being completed are returned. When the
- -\b-f\bf or -\b-d\bd option is used for filename or directory name completion, the
+ First, the actions specified by the compspec are used. Only matches
+ which are prefixed by the word being completed are returned. When the
+ -\b-f\bf or -\b-d\bd option is used for filename or directory name completion, the
shell variable F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE is used to filter the matches.
- Any completions specified by a filename expansion pattern to the -\b-G\bG
+ Any completions specified by a filename expansion pattern to the -\b-G\bG
option are generated next. The words generated by the pattern need not
- match the word being completed. The G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE shell variable is not
+ match the word being completed. The G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE shell variable is not
used to filter the matches, but the F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE variable is used.
- Next, the string specified as the argument to the -\b-W\bW option is consid-
- ered. The string is first split using the characters in the I\bIF\bFS\bS spe-
- cial variable as delimiters. Shell quoting is honored. Each word is
- then expanded using brace expansion, tilde expansion, parameter and
- variable expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic expansion, as
+ Next, the string specified as the argument to the -\b-W\bW option is consid-
+ ered. The string is first split using the characters in the I\bIF\bFS\bS spe-
+ cial variable as delimiters. Shell quoting is honored. Each word is
+ then expanded using brace expansion, tilde expansion, parameter and
+ variable expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic expansion, as
described above under E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN. The results are split using the rules
described above under W\bWo\bor\brd\bd S\bSp\bpl\bli\bit\btt\bti\bin\bng\bg. The results of the expansion are
prefix-matched against the word being completed, and the matching words
become the possible completions.
- After these matches have been generated, any shell function or command
- specified with the -\b-F\bF and -\b-C\bC options is invoked. When the command or
+ After these matches have been generated, any shell function or command
+ specified with the -\b-F\bF and -\b-C\bC options is invoked. When the command or
function is invoked, the C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE, C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_P\bPO\bOI\bIN\bNT\bT, C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_K\bKE\bEY\bY, and C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_T\bTY\bYP\bPE\bE
variables are assigned values as described above under S\bSh\bhe\bel\bll\bl V\bVa\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\bes\bs.
- If a shell function is being invoked, the C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_W\bWO\bOR\bRD\bDS\bS and C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_C\bCW\bWO\bOR\bRD\bD
- variables are also set. When the function or command is invoked, the
- first argument is the name of the command whose arguments are being
- completed, the second argument is the word being completed, and the
- third argument is the word preceding the word being completed on the
- current command line. No filtering of the generated completions
- against the word being completed is performed; the function or command
+ If a shell function is being invoked, the C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_W\bWO\bOR\bRD\bDS\bS and C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_C\bCW\bWO\bOR\bRD\bD
+ variables are also set. When the function or command is invoked, the
+ first argument is the name of the command whose arguments are being
+ completed, the second argument is the word being completed, and the
+ third argument is the word preceding the word being completed on the
+ current command line. No filtering of the generated completions
+ against the word being completed is performed; the function or command
has complete freedom in generating the matches.
- Any function specified with -\b-F\bF is invoked first. The function may use
- any of the shell facilities, including the c\bco\bom\bmp\bpg\bge\ben\bn builtin described
- below, to generate the matches. It must put the possible completions
+ Any function specified with -\b-F\bF is invoked first. The function may use
+ any of the shell facilities, including the c\bco\bom\bmp\bpg\bge\ben\bn builtin described
+ below, to generate the matches. It must put the possible completions
in the C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bPR\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY array variable.
- Next, any command specified with the -\b-C\bC option is invoked in an envi-
- ronment equivalent to command substitution. It should print a list of
- completions, one per line, to the standard output. Backslash may be
+ Next, any command specified with the -\b-C\bC option is invoked in an envi-
+ ronment equivalent to command substitution. It should print a list of
+ completions, one per line, to the standard output. Backslash may be
used to escape a newline, if necessary.
- After all of the possible completions are generated, any filter speci-
- fied with the -\b-X\bX option is applied to the list. The filter is a pat-
- tern as used for pathname expansion; a &\b& in the pattern is replaced
- with the text of the word being completed. A literal &\b& may be escaped
- with a backslash; the backslash is removed before attempting a match.
- Any completion that matches the pattern will be removed from the list.
+ After all of the possible completions are generated, any filter speci-
+ fied with the -\b-X\bX option is applied to the list. The filter is a pat-
+ tern as used for pathname expansion; a &\b& in the pattern is replaced
+ with the text of the word being completed. A literal &\b& may be escaped
+ with a backslash; the backslash is removed before attempting a match.
+ Any completion that matches the pattern will be removed from the list.
A leading !\b! negates the pattern; in this case any completion not match-
ing the pattern will be removed.
added to each member of the completion list, and the result is returned
to the readline completion code as the list of possible completions.
- If the previously-applied actions do not generate any matches, and the
- -\b-o\bo d\bdi\bir\brn\bna\bam\bme\bes\bs option was supplied to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be when the compspec was
+ If the previously-applied actions do not generate any matches, and the
+ -\b-o\bo d\bdi\bir\brn\bna\bam\bme\bes\bs option was supplied to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be when the compspec was
defined, directory name completion is attempted.
- If the -\b-o\bo p\bpl\blu\bus\bsd\bdi\bir\brs\bs option was supplied to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be when the compspec
+ If the -\b-o\bo p\bpl\blu\bus\bsd\bdi\bir\brs\bs option was supplied to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be when the compspec
was defined, directory name completion is attempted and any matches are
added to the results of the other actions.
- By default, if a compspec is found, whatever it generates is returned
- to the completion code as the full set of possible completions. The
+ By default, if a compspec is found, whatever it generates is returned
+ to the completion code as the full set of possible completions. The
default b\bba\bas\bsh\bh completions are not attempted, and the readline default of
filename completion is disabled. If the -\b-o\bo b\bba\bas\bsh\bhd\bde\bef\bfa\bau\bul\blt\bt option was sup-
- plied to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be when the compspec was defined, the b\bba\bas\bsh\bh default com-
+ plied to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be when the compspec was defined, the b\bba\bas\bsh\bh default com-
pletions are attempted if the compspec generates no matches. If the -\b-o\bo
- d\bde\bef\bfa\bau\bul\blt\bt option was supplied to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be when the compspec was defined,
- readline's default completion will be performed if the compspec (and,
+ d\bde\bef\bfa\bau\bul\blt\bt option was supplied to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be when the compspec was defined,
+ readline's default completion will be performed if the compspec (and,
if attempted, the default b\bba\bas\bsh\bh completions) generate no matches.
- When a compspec indicates that directory name completion is desired,
- the programmable completion functions force readline to append a slash
- to completed names which are symbolic links to directories, subject to
- the value of the m\bma\bar\brk\bk-\b-d\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bto\bor\bri\bie\bes\bs readline variable, regardless of the
+ When a compspec indicates that directory name completion is desired,
+ the programmable completion functions force readline to append a slash
+ to completed names which are symbolic links to directories, subject to
+ the value of the m\bma\bar\brk\bk-\b-d\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bto\bor\bri\bie\bes\bs readline variable, regardless of the
setting of the m\bma\bar\brk\bk-\b-s\bsy\bym\bml\bli\bin\bnk\bke\bed\bd-\b-d\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bto\bor\bri\bie\bes\bs readline variable.
H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY
- When the -\b-o\bo h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin is enabled, the shell
+ When the -\b-o\bo h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin is enabled, the shell
provides access to the _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd _\bh_\bi_\bs_\bt_\bo_\br_\by, the list of commands previously
- typed. The value of the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTS\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE variable is used as the number of
+ typed. The value of the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTS\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE variable is used as the number of
commands to save in a history list. The text of the last H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTS\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE com-
- mands (default 500) is saved. The shell stores each command in the
- history list prior to parameter and variable expansion (see E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN
- above) but after history expansion is performed, subject to the values
+ mands (default 500) is saved. The shell stores each command in the
+ history list prior to parameter and variable expansion (see E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN
+ above) but after history expansion is performed, subject to the values
of the shell variables H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE and H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL.
On startup, the history is initialized from the file named by the vari-
- able H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE (default _\b~_\b/_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\b__\bh_\bi_\bs_\bt_\bo_\br_\by). The file named by the value
- of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is truncated, if necessary, to contain no more than the
- number of lines specified by the value of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bES\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE. When the his-
- tory file is read, lines beginning with the history comment character
- followed immediately by a digit are interpreted as timestamps for the
- preceding history line. These timestamps are optionally displayed
- depending on the value of the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bEF\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT variable. When an inter-
- active shell exits, the last $\b$H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTS\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE lines are copied from the his-
+ able H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE (default _\b~_\b/_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\b__\bh_\bi_\bs_\bt_\bo_\br_\by). The file named by the value
+ of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is truncated, if necessary, to contain no more than the
+ number of lines specified by the value of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bES\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE. When the his-
+ tory file is read, lines beginning with the history comment character
+ followed immediately by a digit are interpreted as timestamps for the
+ preceding history line. These timestamps are optionally displayed
+ depending on the value of the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bEF\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT variable. When an inter-
+ active shell exits, the last $\b$H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTS\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE lines are copied from the his-
tory list to $\b$H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE. If the h\bhi\bis\bst\bta\bap\bpp\bpe\ben\bnd\bd shell option is enabled (see
the description of s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below), the lines
- are appended to the history file, otherwise the history file is over-
- written. If H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is unset, or if the history file is unwritable,
- the history is not saved. If the variable is set, time stamps are
+ are appended to the history file, otherwise the history file is over-
+ written. If H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is unset, or if the history file is unwritable,
+ the history is not saved. If the variable is set, time stamps are
written to the history file, marked with the history comment character,
- so they may be preserved across shell sessions. This uses the history
- comment character to distinguish timestamps from other history lines.
- After saving the history, the history file is truncated to contain no
- more than H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bES\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE lines. If H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bES\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE is not set, no trunca-
+ so they may be preserved across shell sessions. This uses the history
+ comment character to distinguish timestamps from other history lines.
+ After saving the history, the history file is truncated to contain no
+ more than H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bES\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE lines. If H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bES\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE is not set, no trunca-
tion is performed.
- The builtin command f\bfc\bc (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below) may be used
+ The builtin command f\bfc\bc (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below) may be used
to list or edit and re-execute a portion of the history list. The h\bhi\bis\bs-\b-
- t\bto\bor\bry\by builtin may be used to display or modify the history list and
- manipulate the history file. When using command-line editing, search
- commands are available in each editing mode that provide access to the
+ t\bto\bor\bry\by builtin may be used to display or modify the history list and
+ manipulate the history file. When using command-line editing, search
+ commands are available in each editing mode that provide access to the
history list.
- The shell allows control over which commands are saved on the history
+ The shell allows control over which commands are saved on the history
list. The H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL and H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE variables may be set to cause the
shell to save only a subset of the commands entered. The c\bcm\bmd\bdh\bhi\bis\bst\bt shell
- option, if enabled, causes the shell to attempt to save each line of a
- multi-line command in the same history entry, adding semicolons where
- necessary to preserve syntactic correctness. The l\bli\bit\bth\bhi\bis\bst\bt shell option
- causes the shell to save the command with embedded newlines instead of
+ option, if enabled, causes the shell to attempt to save each line of a
+ multi-line command in the same history entry, adding semicolons where
+ necessary to preserve syntactic correctness. The l\bli\bit\bth\bhi\bis\bst\bt shell option
+ causes the shell to save the command with embedded newlines instead of
semicolons. See the description of the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin below under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL
B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS for information on setting and unsetting shell
options.
H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN
- The shell supports a history expansion feature that is similar to the
- history expansion in c\bcs\bsh\bh.\b. This section describes what syntax features
- are available. This feature is enabled by default for interactive
+ The shell supports a history expansion feature that is similar to the
+ history expansion in c\bcs\bsh\bh.\b. This section describes what syntax features
+ are available. This feature is enabled by default for interactive
shells, and can be disabled using the +\b+H\bH option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin com-
mand (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below). Non-interactive shells do not
perform history expansion by default.
History expansions introduce words from the history list into the input
- stream, making it easy to repeat commands, insert the arguments to a
+ stream, making it easy to repeat commands, insert the arguments to a
previous command into the current input line, or fix errors in previous
commands quickly.
- History expansion is performed immediately after a complete line is
- read, before the shell breaks it into words. It takes place in two
- parts. The first is to determine which line from the history list to
+ History expansion is performed immediately after a complete line is
+ read, before the shell breaks it into words. It takes place in two
+ parts. The first is to determine which line from the history list to
use during substitution. The second is to select portions of that line
for inclusion into the current one. The line selected from the history
- is the _\be_\bv_\be_\bn_\bt, and the portions of that line that are acted upon are
- _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd_\bs. Various _\bm_\bo_\bd_\bi_\bf_\bi_\be_\br_\bs are available to manipulate the selected
+ is the _\be_\bv_\be_\bn_\bt, and the portions of that line that are acted upon are
+ _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd_\bs. Various _\bm_\bo_\bd_\bi_\bf_\bi_\be_\br_\bs are available to manipulate the selected
words. The line is broken into words in the same fashion as when read-
- ing input, so that several _\bm_\be_\bt_\ba_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\ba_\bc_\bt_\be_\br-separated words surrounded by
- quotes are considered one word. History expansions are introduced by
- the appearance of the history expansion character, which is !\b! by
- default. Only backslash (\\b\) and single quotes can quote the history
+ ing input, so that several _\bm_\be_\bt_\ba_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\ba_\bc_\bt_\be_\br-separated words surrounded by
+ quotes are considered one word. History expansions are introduced by
+ the appearance of the history expansion character, which is !\b! by
+ default. Only backslash (\\b\) and single quotes can quote the history
expansion character.
- Several characters inhibit history expansion if found immediately fol-
- lowing the history expansion character, even if it is unquoted: space,
- tab, newline, carriage return, and =\b=. If the e\bex\bxt\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb shell option is
+ Several characters inhibit history expansion if found immediately fol-
+ lowing the history expansion character, even if it is unquoted: space,
+ tab, newline, carriage return, and =\b=. If the e\bex\bxt\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb shell option is
enabled, (\b( will also inhibit expansion.
- Several shell options settable with the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin may be used to
- tailor the behavior of history expansion. If the h\bhi\bis\bst\btv\bve\ber\bri\bif\bfy\by shell
+ Several shell options settable with the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin may be used to
+ tailor the behavior of history expansion. If the h\bhi\bis\bst\btv\bve\ber\bri\bif\bfy\by shell
option is enabled (see the description of the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin), and r\bre\bea\bad\bd-\b-
l\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, history substitutions are not immediately passed to
- the shell parser. Instead, the expanded line is reloaded into the
+ the shell parser. Instead, the expanded line is reloaded into the
r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be editing buffer for further modification. If r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being
used, and the h\bhi\bis\bst\btr\bre\bee\bed\bdi\bit\bt shell option is enabled, a failed history sub-
stitution will be reloaded into the r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be editing buffer for correc-
- tion. The -\b-p\bp option to the h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by builtin command may be used to see
+ tion. The -\b-p\bp option to the h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by builtin command may be used to see
what a history expansion will do before using it. The -\b-s\bs option to the
- h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by builtin may be used to add commands to the end of the history
- list without actually executing them, so that they are available for
+ h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by builtin may be used to add commands to the end of the history
+ list without actually executing them, so that they are available for
subsequent recall.
- The shell allows control of the various characters used by the history
+ The shell allows control of the various characters used by the history
expansion mechanism (see the description of h\bhi\bis\bst\btc\bch\bha\bar\brs\bs above under S\bSh\bhe\bel\bll\bl
- V\bVa\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\bes\bs). The shell uses the history comment character to mark his-
+ V\bVa\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\bes\bs). The shell uses the history comment character to mark his-
tory timestamps when writing the history file.
E\bEv\bve\ben\bnt\bt D\bDe\bes\bsi\big\bgn\bna\bat\bto\bor\brs\bs
- An event designator is a reference to a command line entry in the his-
+ An event designator is a reference to a command line entry in the his-
tory list.
- !\b! Start a history substitution, except when followed by a b\bbl\bla\ban\bnk\bk,
- newline, carriage return, = or ( (when the e\bex\bxt\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb shell option
+ !\b! Start a history substitution, except when followed by a b\bbl\bla\ban\bnk\bk,
+ newline, carriage return, = or ( (when the e\bex\bxt\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb shell option
is enabled using the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin).
!\b!_\bn Refer to command line _\bn.
!\b!-\b-_\bn Refer to the current command line minus _\bn.
!\b!_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg
Refer to the most recent command starting with _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg.
!\b!?\b?_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg[\b[?\b?]\b]
- Refer to the most recent command containing _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg. The trail-
+ Refer to the most recent command containing _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg. The trail-
ing ?\b? may be omitted if _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg is followed immediately by a new-
line.
^\b^_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b1^\b^_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b2^\b^
- Quick substitution. Repeat the last command, replacing _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b1
+ Quick substitution. Repeat the last command, replacing _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b1
with _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b2. Equivalent to ``!!:s/_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b1/_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b2/'' (see M\bMo\bod\bd-\b-
i\bif\bfi\bie\ber\brs\bs below).
!\b!#\b# The entire command line typed so far.
W\bWo\bor\brd\bd D\bDe\bes\bsi\big\bgn\bna\bat\bto\bor\brs\bs
- Word designators are used to select desired words from the event. A :\b:
- separates the event specification from the word designator. It may be
- omitted if the word designator begins with a ^\b^, $\b$, *\b*, -\b-, or %\b%. Words
- are numbered from the beginning of the line, with the first word being
- denoted by 0 (zero). Words are inserted into the current line sepa-
+ Word designators are used to select desired words from the event. A :\b:
+ separates the event specification from the word designator. It may be
+ omitted if the word designator begins with a ^\b^, $\b$, *\b*, -\b-, or %\b%. Words
+ are numbered from the beginning of the line, with the first word being
+ denoted by 0 (zero). Words are inserted into the current line sepa-
rated by single spaces.
0\b0 (\b(z\bze\ber\bro\bo)\b)
$\b$ The last argument.
%\b% The word matched by the most recent `?_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg?' search.
_\bx-\b-_\by A range of words; `-_\by' abbreviates `0-_\by'.
- *\b* All of the words but the zeroth. This is a synonym for `_\b1_\b-_\b$'.
- It is not an error to use *\b* if there is just one word in the
+ *\b* All of the words but the zeroth. This is a synonym for `_\b1_\b-_\b$'.
+ It is not an error to use *\b* if there is just one word in the
event; the empty string is returned in that case.
x\bx*\b* Abbreviates _\bx_\b-_\b$.
x\bx-\b- Abbreviates _\bx_\b-_\b$ like x\bx*\b*, but omits the last word.
- If a word designator is supplied without an event specification, the
+ If a word designator is supplied without an event specification, the
previous command is used as the event.
M\bMo\bod\bdi\bif\bfi\bie\ber\brs\bs
- After the optional word designator, there may appear a sequence of one
+ After the optional word designator, there may appear a sequence of one
or more of the following modifiers, each preceded by a `:'.
h\bh Remove a trailing file name component, leaving only the head.
e\be Remove all but the trailing suffix.
p\bp Print the new command but do not execute it.
q\bq Quote the substituted words, escaping further substitutions.
- x\bx Quote the substituted words as with q\bq, but break into words at
+ x\bx Quote the substituted words as with q\bq, but break into words at
b\bbl\bla\ban\bnk\bks\bs and newlines.
s\bs/\b/_\bo_\bl_\bd/\b/_\bn_\be_\bw/\b/
- Substitute _\bn_\be_\bw for the first occurrence of _\bo_\bl_\bd in the event
- line. Any delimiter can be used in place of /. The final
- delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the event
- line. The delimiter may be quoted in _\bo_\bl_\bd and _\bn_\be_\bw with a single
- backslash. If & appears in _\bn_\be_\bw, it is replaced by _\bo_\bl_\bd. A sin-
- gle backslash will quote the &. If _\bo_\bl_\bd is null, it is set to
- the last _\bo_\bl_\bd substituted, or, if no previous history substitu-
+ Substitute _\bn_\be_\bw for the first occurrence of _\bo_\bl_\bd in the event
+ line. Any delimiter can be used in place of /. The final
+ delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the event
+ line. The delimiter may be quoted in _\bo_\bl_\bd and _\bn_\be_\bw with a single
+ backslash. If & appears in _\bn_\be_\bw, it is replaced by _\bo_\bl_\bd. A sin-
+ gle backslash will quote the &. If _\bo_\bl_\bd is null, it is set to
+ the last _\bo_\bl_\bd substituted, or, if no previous history substitu-
tions took place, the last _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg in a !\b!?\b?_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg[\b[?\b?]\b] search.
&\b& Repeat the previous substitution.
g\bg Cause changes to be applied over the entire event line. This is
- used in conjunction with `:\b:s\bs' (e.g., `:\b:g\bgs\bs/\b/_\bo_\bl_\bd/\b/_\bn_\be_\bw/\b/') or `:\b:&\b&'.
- If used with `:\b:s\bs', any delimiter can be used in place of /, and
- the final delimiter is optional if it is the last character of
+ used in conjunction with `:\b:s\bs' (e.g., `:\b:g\bgs\bs/\b/_\bo_\bl_\bd/\b/_\bn_\be_\bw/\b/') or `:\b:&\b&'.
+ If used with `:\b:s\bs', any delimiter can be used in place of /, and
+ the final delimiter is optional if it is the last character of
the event line. An a\ba may be used as a synonym for g\bg.
- G\bG Apply the following `s\bs' modifier once to each word in the event
+ G\bG Apply the following `s\bs' modifier once to each word in the event
line.
S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS
Unless otherwise noted, each builtin command documented in this section
as accepting options preceded by -\b- accepts -\b--\b- to signify the end of the
- options. For example, the :\b:, t\btr\bru\bue\be, f\bfa\bal\bls\bse\be, and t\bte\bes\bst\bt builtins do not
+ options. For example, the :\b:, t\btr\bru\bue\be, f\bfa\bal\bls\bse\be, and t\bte\bes\bst\bt builtins do not
accept options.
:\b: [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs]
- No effect; the command does nothing beyond expanding _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs
- and performing any specified redirections. A zero exit code is
+ No effect; the command does nothing beyond expanding _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs
+ and performing any specified redirections. A zero exit code is
returned.
.\b. _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs]
s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs]
- Read and execute commands from _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be in the current shell
- environment and return the exit status of the last command exe-
+ Read and execute commands from _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be in the current shell
+ environment and return the exit status of the last command exe-
cuted from _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be does not contain a slash, file
- names in P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH are used to find the directory containing _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b-
- _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. The file searched for in P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH need not be executable.
- When b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is not in _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be, the current directory is
- searched if no file is found in P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH. If the s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\bep\bpa\bat\bth\bh option
- to the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin command is turned off, the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is not
- searched. If any _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs are supplied, they become the posi-
- tional parameters when _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is executed. Otherwise the
- positional parameters are unchanged. The return status is the
- status of the last command exited within the script (0 if no
- commands are executed), and false if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not found or
+ names in P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH are used to find the directory containing _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b-
+ _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. The file searched for in P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH need not be executable.
+ When b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is not in _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be, the current directory is
+ searched if no file is found in P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH. If the s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\bep\bpa\bat\bth\bh option
+ to the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin command is turned off, the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is not
+ searched. If any _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs are supplied, they become the posi-
+ tional parameters when _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is executed. Otherwise the
+ positional parameters are unchanged. The return status is the
+ status of the last command exited within the script (0 if no
+ commands are executed), and false if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not found or
cannot be read.
a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs [-\b-p\bp] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be] ...]
A\bAl\bli\bia\bas\bs with no arguments or with the -\b-p\bp option prints the list of
- aliases in the form a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be on standard output. When
- arguments are supplied, an alias is defined for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be whose
+ aliases in the form a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be on standard output. When
+ arguments are supplied, an alias is defined for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be whose
_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be is given. A trailing space in _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be causes the next word
to be checked for alias substitution when the alias is expanded.
- For each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be in the argument list for which no _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be is sup-
- plied, the name and value of the alias is printed. A\bAl\bli\bia\bas\bs
- returns true unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is given for which no alias has been
+ For each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be in the argument list for which no _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be is sup-
+ plied, the name and value of the alias is printed. A\bAl\bli\bia\bas\bs
+ returns true unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is given for which no alias has been
defined.
b\bbg\bg [_\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc ...]
- Resume each suspended job _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc in the background, as if it
+ Resume each suspended job _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc in the background, as if it
had been started with &\b&. If _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not present, the shell's
- notion of the _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb is used. b\bbg\bg _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc returns 0 unless
- run when job control is disabled or, when run with job control
- enabled, any specified _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc was not found or was started
+ notion of the _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb is used. b\bbg\bg _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc returns 0 unless
+ run when job control is disabled or, when run with job control
+ enabled, any specified _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc was not found or was started
without job control.
b\bbi\bin\bnd\bd [-\b-m\bm _\bk_\be_\by_\bm_\ba_\bp] [-\b-l\blp\bps\bsv\bvP\bPS\bSV\bV]
b\bbi\bin\bnd\bd [-\b-m\bm _\bk_\be_\by_\bm_\ba_\bp] -\b-x\bx _\bk_\be_\by_\bs_\be_\bq:_\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd
b\bbi\bin\bnd\bd [-\b-m\bm _\bk_\be_\by_\bm_\ba_\bp] _\bk_\be_\by_\bs_\be_\bq:_\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
b\bbi\bin\bnd\bd _\br_\be_\ba_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd
- Display current r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be key and function bindings, bind a key
- sequence to a r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be function or macro, or set a r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be
- variable. Each non-option argument is a command as it would
- appear in _\b._\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc, but each binding or command must be passed
- as a separate argument; e.g., '"\C-x\C-r": re-read-init-file'.
+ Display current r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be key and function bindings, bind a key
+ sequence to a r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be function or macro, or set a r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be
+ variable. Each non-option argument is a command as it would
+ appear in _\b._\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc, but each binding or command must be passed
+ as a separate argument; e.g., '"\C-x\C-r": re-read-init-file'.
Options, if supplied, have the following meanings:
-\b-m\bm _\bk_\be_\by_\bm_\ba_\bp
Use _\bk_\be_\by_\bm_\ba_\bp as the keymap to be affected by the subsequent
bindings. Acceptable _\bk_\be_\by_\bm_\ba_\bp names are _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b, _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bs_\bt_\ba_\bn_\b-
- _\bd_\ba_\br_\bd_\b, _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bm_\be_\bt_\ba_\b, _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bc_\bt_\bl_\bx_\b, _\bv_\bi_\b, _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bm_\bo_\bv_\be_\b, _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd,
- and _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bi_\bn_\bs_\be_\br_\bt. _\bv_\bi is equivalent to _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd; _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs is
+ _\bd_\ba_\br_\bd_\b, _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bm_\be_\bt_\ba_\b, _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bc_\bt_\bl_\bx_\b, _\bv_\bi_\b, _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bm_\bo_\bv_\be_\b, _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd,
+ and _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bi_\bn_\bs_\be_\br_\bt. _\bv_\bi is equivalent to _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd; _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs is
equivalent to _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bs_\bt_\ba_\bn_\bd_\ba_\br_\bd.
-\b-l\bl List the names of all r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be functions.
- -\b-p\bp Display r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be function names and bindings in such a
+ -\b-p\bp Display r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be function names and bindings in such a
way that they can be re-read.
-\b-P\bP List current r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be function names and bindings.
- -\b-s\bs Display r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be key sequences bound to macros and the
- strings they output in such a way that they can be re-
+ -\b-s\bs Display r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be key sequences bound to macros and the
+ strings they output in such a way that they can be re-
read.
- -\b-S\bS Display r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be key sequences bound to macros and the
+ -\b-S\bS Display r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be key sequences bound to macros and the
strings they output.
- -\b-v\bv Display r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be variable names and values in such a way
+ -\b-v\bv Display r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be variable names and values in such a way
that they can be re-read.
-\b-V\bV List current r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be variable names and values.
-\b-f\bf _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
-\b-r\br _\bk_\be_\by_\bs_\be_\bq
Remove any current binding for _\bk_\be_\by_\bs_\be_\bq.
-\b-x\bx _\bk_\be_\by_\bs_\be_\bq:\b:_\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd
- Cause _\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd to be executed whenever _\bk_\be_\by_\bs_\be_\bq is
+ Cause _\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd to be executed whenever _\bk_\be_\by_\bs_\be_\bq is
entered.
- The return value is 0 unless an unrecognized option is given or
+ The return value is 0 unless an unrecognized option is given or
an error occurred.
b\bbr\bre\bea\bak\bk [_\bn]
- Exit from within a f\bfo\bor\br, w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be, u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl, or s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt loop. If _\bn is
- specified, break _\bn levels. _\bn must be >= 1. If _\bn is greater
- than the number of enclosing loops, all enclosing loops are
+ Exit from within a f\bfo\bor\br, w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be, u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl, or s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt loop. If _\bn is
+ specified, break _\bn levels. _\bn must be >= 1. If _\bn is greater
+ than the number of enclosing loops, all enclosing loops are
exited. The return value is 0 unless the shell is not executing
a loop when b\bbr\bre\bea\bak\bk is executed.
b\bbu\bui\bil\blt\bti\bin\bn _\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl_\b-_\bb_\bu_\bi_\bl_\bt_\bi_\bn [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs]
- Execute the specified shell builtin, passing it _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs, and
+ Execute the specified shell builtin, passing it _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs, and
return its exit status. This is useful when defining a function
- whose name is the same as a shell builtin, retaining the func-
+ whose name is the same as a shell builtin, retaining the func-
tionality of the builtin within the function. The c\bcd\bd builtin is
- commonly redefined this way. The return status is false if
+ commonly redefined this way. The return status is false if
_\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl_\b-_\bb_\bu_\bi_\bl_\bt_\bi_\bn is not a shell builtin command.
c\bcd\bd [-\b-L\bL|\b|-\b-P\bP] [_\bd_\bi_\br]
- Change the current directory to _\bd_\bi_\br. The variable H\bHO\bOM\bME\bE is the
- default _\bd_\bi_\br. The variable C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH defines the search path for
- the directory containing _\bd_\bi_\br. Alternative directory names in
- C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH are separated by a colon (:). A null directory name in
- C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is the same as the current directory, i.e., ``.\b.''. If
- _\bd_\bi_\br begins with a slash (/), then C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is not used. The -\b-P\bP
- option says to use the physical directory structure instead of
- following symbolic links (see also the -\b-P\bP option to the s\bse\bet\bt
+ Change the current directory to _\bd_\bi_\br. The variable H\bHO\bOM\bME\bE is the
+ default _\bd_\bi_\br. The variable C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH defines the search path for
+ the directory containing _\bd_\bi_\br. Alternative directory names in
+ C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH are separated by a colon (:). A null directory name in
+ C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is the same as the current directory, i.e., ``.\b.''. If
+ _\bd_\bi_\br begins with a slash (/), then C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is not used. The -\b-P\bP
+ option says to use the physical directory structure instead of
+ following symbolic links (see also the -\b-P\bP option to the s\bse\bet\bt
builtin command); the -\b-L\bL option forces symbolic links to be fol-
- lowed. An argument of -\b- is equivalent to $\b$O\bOL\bLD\bDP\bPW\bWD\bD. If a non-
- empty directory name from C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is used, or if -\b- is the first
- argument, and the directory change is successful, the absolute
+ lowed. An argument of -\b- is equivalent to $\b$O\bOL\bLD\bDP\bPW\bWD\bD. If a non-
+ empty directory name from C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is used, or if -\b- is the first
+ argument, and the directory change is successful, the absolute
pathname of the new working directory is written to the standard
- output. The return value is true if the directory was success-
+ output. The return value is true if the directory was success-
fully changed; false otherwise.
c\bca\bal\bll\ble\ber\br [_\be_\bx_\bp_\br]
Returns the context of any active subroutine call (a shell func-
- tion or a script executed with the .\b. or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be builtins. With-
+ tion or a script executed with the .\b. or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be builtins. With-
out _\be_\bx_\bp_\br, c\bca\bal\bll\ble\ber\br displays the line number and source filename of
- the current subroutine call. If a non-negative integer is sup-
+ the current subroutine call. If a non-negative integer is sup-
plied as _\be_\bx_\bp_\br, c\bca\bal\bll\ble\ber\br displays the line number, subroutine name,
- and source file corresponding to that position in the current
- execution call stack. This extra information may be used, for
- example, to print a stack trace. The current frame is frame 0.
- The return value is 0 unless the shell is not executing a sub-
- routine call or _\be_\bx_\bp_\br does not correspond to a valid position in
+ and source file corresponding to that position in the current
+ execution call stack. This extra information may be used, for
+ example, to print a stack trace. The current frame is frame 0.
+ The return value is 0 unless the shell is not executing a sub-
+ routine call or _\be_\bx_\bp_\br does not correspond to a valid position in
the call stack.
c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd [-\b-p\bpV\bVv\bv] _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
- Run _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd with _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs suppressing the normal shell function
- lookup. Only builtin commands or commands found in the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH are
- executed. If the -\b-p\bp option is given, the search for _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is
- performed using a default value for P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH that is guaranteed to
- find all of the standard utilities. If either the -\b-V\bV or -\b-v\bv
+ Run _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd with _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs suppressing the normal shell function
+ lookup. Only builtin commands or commands found in the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH are
+ executed. If the -\b-p\bp option is given, the search for _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is
+ performed using a default value for P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH that is guaranteed to
+ find all of the standard utilities. If either the -\b-V\bV or -\b-v\bv
option is supplied, a description of _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is printed. The -\b-v\bv
- option causes a single word indicating the command or file name
+ option causes a single word indicating the command or file name
used to invoke _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd to be displayed; the -\b-V\bV option produces a
- more verbose description. If the -\b-V\bV or -\b-v\bv option is supplied,
- the exit status is 0 if _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd was found, and 1 if not. If
+ more verbose description. If the -\b-V\bV or -\b-v\bv option is supplied,
+ the exit status is 0 if _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd was found, and 1 if not. If
neither option is supplied and an error occurred or _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd can-
- not be found, the exit status is 127. Otherwise, the exit sta-
+ not be found, the exit status is 127. Otherwise, the exit sta-
tus of the c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd builtin is the exit status of _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpg\bge\ben\bn [_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd]
- Generate possible completion matches for _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd according to the
- _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bns, which may be any option accepted by the c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be
- builtin with the exception of -\b-p\bp and -\b-r\br, and write the matches
- to the standard output. When using the -\b-F\bF or -\b-C\bC options, the
- various shell variables set by the programmable completion
+ Generate possible completion matches for _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd according to the
+ _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bns, which may be any option accepted by the c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be
+ builtin with the exception of -\b-p\bp and -\b-r\br, and write the matches
+ to the standard output. When using the -\b-F\bF or -\b-C\bC options, the
+ various shell variables set by the programmable completion
facilities, while available, will not have useful values.
- The matches will be generated in the same way as if the pro-
- grammable completion code had generated them directly from a
+ The matches will be generated in the same way as if the pro-
+ grammable completion code had generated them directly from a
completion specification with the same flags. If _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is speci-
fied, only those completions matching _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd will be displayed.
- The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied,
+ The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied,
or no matches were generated.
- c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be [-\b-a\bab\bbc\bcd\bde\bef\bfg\bgj\bjk\bks\bsu\buv\bv] [-\b-o\bo _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\b-_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [-\b-A\bA _\ba_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [-\b-G\bG _\bg_\bl_\bo_\bb_\bp_\ba_\bt] [-\b-W\bW
+ c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be [-\b-a\bab\bbc\bcd\bde\bef\bfg\bgj\bjk\bks\bsu\buv\bv] [-\b-o\bo _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\b-_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [-\b-A\bA _\ba_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [-\b-G\bG _\bg_\bl_\bo_\bb_\bp_\ba_\bt] [-\b-W\bW
_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt] [-\b-F\bF _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [-\b-C\bC _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd]
[-\b-X\bX _\bf_\bi_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bp_\ba_\bt] [-\b-P\bP _\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx] [-\b-S\bS _\bs_\bu_\bf_\bf_\bi_\bx] _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be _\b._\b._\b.]
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be -\b-p\bpr\br [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- Specify how arguments to each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be should be completed. If the
- -\b-p\bp option is supplied, or if no options are supplied, existing
- completion specifications are printed in a way that allows them
+ Specify how arguments to each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be should be completed. If the
+ -\b-p\bp option is supplied, or if no options are supplied, existing
+ completion specifications are printed in a way that allows them
to be reused as input. The -\b-r\br option removes a completion spec-
- ification for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, or, if no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes are supplied, all com-
+ ification for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, or, if no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes are supplied, all com-
pletion specifications.
- The process of applying these completion specifications when
- word completion is attempted is described above under P\bPr\bro\bo-\b-
+ The process of applying these completion specifications when
+ word completion is attempted is described above under P\bPr\bro\bo-\b-
g\bgr\bra\bam\bmm\bma\bab\bbl\ble\be C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn.
- Other options, if specified, have the following meanings. The
- arguments to the -\b-G\bG, -\b-W\bW, and -\b-X\bX options (and, if necessary, the
- -\b-P\bP and -\b-S\bS options) should be quoted to protect them from expan-
+ Other options, if specified, have the following meanings. The
+ arguments to the -\b-G\bG, -\b-W\bW, and -\b-X\bX options (and, if necessary, the
+ -\b-P\bP and -\b-S\bS options) should be quoted to protect them from expan-
sion before the c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be builtin is invoked.
-\b-o\bo _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\b-_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn
- The _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\b-_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn controls several aspects of the comp-
- spec's behavior beyond the simple generation of comple-
+ The _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\b-_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn controls several aspects of the comp-
+ spec's behavior beyond the simple generation of comple-
tions. _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\b-_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn may be one of:
b\bba\bas\bsh\bhd\bde\bef\bfa\bau\bul\blt\bt
Perform the rest of the default b\bba\bas\bsh\bh completions
if the compspec generates no matches.
- d\bde\bef\bfa\bau\bul\blt\bt Use readline's default filename completion if
+ d\bde\bef\bfa\bau\bul\blt\bt Use readline's default filename completion if
the compspec generates no matches.
d\bdi\bir\brn\bna\bam\bme\bes\bs
- Perform directory name completion if the comp-
+ Perform directory name completion if the comp-
spec generates no matches.
f\bfi\bil\ble\ben\bna\bam\bme\bes\bs
- Tell readline that the compspec generates file-
- names, so it can perform any filename-specific
- processing (like adding a slash to directory
+ Tell readline that the compspec generates file-
+ names, so it can perform any filename-specific
+ processing (like adding a slash to directory
names or suppressing trailing spaces). Intended
to be used with shell functions.
- n\bno\bos\bsp\bpa\bac\bce\be Tell readline not to append a space (the
- default) to words completed at the end of the
+ n\bno\bos\bsp\bpa\bac\bce\be Tell readline not to append a space (the
+ default) to words completed at the end of the
line.
p\bpl\blu\bus\bsd\bdi\bir\brs\bs
- After any matches defined by the compspec are
- generated, directory name completion is
- attempted and any matches are added to the
+ After any matches defined by the compspec are
+ generated, directory name completion is
+ attempted and any matches are added to the
results of the other actions.
-\b-A\bA _\ba_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn
- The _\ba_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn may be one of the following to generate a
+ The _\ba_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn may be one of the following to generate a
list of possible completions:
a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs Alias names. May also be specified as -\b-a\ba.
a\bar\brr\bra\bay\byv\bva\bar\br
Array variable names.
b\bbi\bin\bnd\bdi\bin\bng\bg R\bRe\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be key binding names.
- b\bbu\bui\bil\blt\bti\bin\bn Names of shell builtin commands. May also be
+ b\bbu\bui\bil\blt\bti\bin\bn Names of shell builtin commands. May also be
specified as -\b-b\bb.
c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd Command names. May also be specified as -\b-c\bc.
d\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bto\bor\bry\by
d\bdi\bis\bsa\bab\bbl\ble\bed\bd
Names of disabled shell builtins.
e\ben\bna\bab\bbl\ble\bed\bd Names of enabled shell builtins.
- e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt Names of exported shell variables. May also be
+ e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt Names of exported shell variables. May also be
specified as -\b-e\be.
f\bfi\bil\ble\be File names. May also be specified as -\b-f\bf.
f\bfu\bun\bnc\bct\bti\bio\bon\bn
h\bhe\bel\blp\bpt\bto\bop\bpi\bic\bc
Help topics as accepted by the h\bhe\bel\blp\bp builtin.
h\bho\bos\bst\btn\bna\bam\bme\be
- Hostnames, as taken from the file specified by
+ Hostnames, as taken from the file specified by
the H\bHO\bOS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE shell variable.
- j\bjo\bob\bb Job names, if job control is active. May also
+ j\bjo\bob\bb Job names, if job control is active. May also
be specified as -\b-j\bj.
- k\bke\bey\byw\bwo\bor\brd\bd Shell reserved words. May also be specified as
+ k\bke\bey\byw\bwo\bor\brd\bd Shell reserved words. May also be specified as
-\b-k\bk.
r\bru\bun\bnn\bni\bin\bng\bg Names of running jobs, if job control is active.
s\bse\ber\brv\bvi\bic\bce\be Service names. May also be specified as -\b-s\bs.
- s\bse\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bt Valid arguments for the -\b-o\bo option to the s\bse\bet\bt
+ s\bse\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bt Valid arguments for the -\b-o\bo option to the s\bse\bet\bt
builtin.
- s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt Shell option names as accepted by the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt
+ s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt Shell option names as accepted by the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt
builtin.
s\bsi\big\bgn\bna\bal\bl Signal names.
s\bst\bto\bop\bpp\bpe\bed\bd Names of stopped jobs, if job control is active.
Names of all shell variables. May also be spec-
ified as -\b-v\bv.
-\b-G\bG _\bg_\bl_\bo_\bb_\bp_\ba_\bt
- The filename expansion pattern _\bg_\bl_\bo_\bb_\bp_\ba_\bt is expanded to
+ The filename expansion pattern _\bg_\bl_\bo_\bb_\bp_\ba_\bt is expanded to
generate the possible completions.
-\b-W\bW _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt
- The _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is split using the characters in the I\bIF\bFS\bS
- special variable as delimiters, and each resultant word
- is expanded. The possible completions are the members
- of the resultant list which match the word being com-
+ The _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is split using the characters in the I\bIF\bFS\bS
+ special variable as delimiters, and each resultant word
+ is expanded. The possible completions are the members
+ of the resultant list which match the word being com-
pleted.
-\b-C\bC _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd
- _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is executed in a subshell environment, and its
+ _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is executed in a subshell environment, and its
output is used as the possible completions.
-\b-F\bF _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn
- The shell function _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn is executed in the current
- shell environment. When it finishes, the possible com-
- pletions are retrieved from the value of the C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bPR\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY
+ The shell function _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn is executed in the current
+ shell environment. When it finishes, the possible com-
+ pletions are retrieved from the value of the C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bPR\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY
array variable.
-\b-X\bX _\bf_\bi_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bp_\ba_\bt
- _\bf_\bi_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bp_\ba_\bt is a pattern as used for filename expansion.
+ _\bf_\bi_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bp_\ba_\bt is a pattern as used for filename expansion.
It is applied to the list of possible completions gener-
- ated by the preceding options and arguments, and each
- completion matching _\bf_\bi_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bp_\ba_\bt is removed from the list.
- A leading !\b! in _\bf_\bi_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bp_\ba_\bt negates the pattern; in this
- case, any completion not matching _\bf_\bi_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bp_\ba_\bt is removed.
+ ated by the preceding options and arguments, and each
+ completion matching _\bf_\bi_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bp_\ba_\bt is removed from the list.
+ A leading !\b! in _\bf_\bi_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bp_\ba_\bt negates the pattern; in this
+ case, any completion not matching _\bf_\bi_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bp_\ba_\bt is removed.
-\b-P\bP _\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx
- _\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx is added at the beginning of each possible com-
+ _\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx is added at the beginning of each possible com-
pletion after all other options have been applied.
-\b-S\bS _\bs_\bu_\bf_\bf_\bi_\bx
_\bs_\bu_\bf_\bf_\bi_\bx is appended to each possible completion after all
other options have been applied.
- The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied,
- an option other than -\b-p\bp or -\b-r\br is supplied without a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be argu-
- ment, an attempt is made to remove a completion specification
+ The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied,
+ an option other than -\b-p\bp or -\b-r\br is supplied without a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be argu-
+ ment, an attempt is made to remove a completion specification
for a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be for which no specification exists, or an error occurs
adding a completion specification.
+ c\bco\bom\bmp\bpo\bop\bpt\bt [-\b-o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [+\b+o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be]
+ Modify completion options for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be according to the
+ _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bns, or for the currently-execution completion if no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes
+ are supplied. If no _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bns are given, display the completion
+ options for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be or the current completion. The possible
+ values of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn are those valid for the c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be builtin
+ described above.
+
+ The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied, an
+ attempt is made to modify the options for a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be for which no comple-
+ tion specification exists, or an output error occurs.
+
c\bco\bon\bnt\bti\bin\bnu\bue\be [_\bn]
Resume the next iteration of the enclosing f\bfo\bor\br, w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be, u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl, or
s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt loop. If _\bn is specified, resume at the _\bnth enclosing
t\bty\byp\bpe\bes\bse\bet\bt [-\b-a\baf\bfF\bFi\bir\brt\btx\bx] [-\b-p\bp] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be] ...]
Declare variables and/or give them attributes. If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes are
given then display the values of variables. The -\b-p\bp option will
- display the attributes and values of each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. When -\b-p\bp is
- used, additional options are ignored. The -\b-F\bF option inhibits
- the display of function definitions; only the function name and
- attributes are printed. If the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg shell option is enabled
- using s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt, the source file name and line number where the
- function is defined are displayed as well. The -\b-F\bF option
- implies -\b-f\bf. The following options can be used to restrict out-
- put to variables with the specified attribute or to give vari-
- ables attributes:
+ display the attributes and values of each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. When -\b-p\bp is used
+ with _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments, additional options are ignored. When -\b-p\bp is
+ supplied without _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments, it will display the attributes
+ and values of all variables having the attributes specified by
+ the additional options. If no other options are supplied with
+ -\b-p\bp, d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be will display the attributes and values of all shell
+ variables. The -\b-f\bf option will restrict the display to shell
+ functions. The -\b-F\bF option inhibits the display of function defi-
+ nitions; only the function name and attributes are printed. If
+ the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg shell option is enabled using s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt, the source
+ file name and line number where the function is defined are dis-
+ played as well. The -\b-F\bF option implies -\b-f\bf. The following
+ options can be used to restrict output to variables with the
+ specified attribute or to give variables attributes:
-\b-a\ba Each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is an array variable (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs above).
-\b-f\bf Use function names only.
-\b-i\bi The variable is treated as an integer; arithmetic evalua-
- tion (see A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bHM\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN )\b) is performed when the
+ tion (see A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bHM\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN )\b) is performed when the
variable is assigned a value.
-\b-r\br Make _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes readonly. These names cannot then be assigned
values by subsequent assignment statements or unset.
- -\b-t\bt Give each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be the _\bt_\br_\ba_\bc_\be attribute. Traced functions
- inherit the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN traps from the calling
- shell. The trace attribute has no special meaning for
+ -\b-t\bt Give each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be the _\bt_\br_\ba_\bc_\be attribute. Traced functions
+ inherit the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN traps from the calling
+ shell. The trace attribute has no special meaning for
variables.
- -\b-x\bx Mark _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes for export to subsequent commands via the
+ -\b-x\bx Mark _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes for export to subsequent commands via the
environment.
- Using `+' instead of `-' turns off the attribute instead, with
+ Using `+' instead of `-' turns off the attribute instead, with
the exceptions that +\b+a\ba may not be used to destroy an array vari-
- able and +\b+r\br w\bwi\bil\bll\bl n\bno\bot\bt r\bre\bem\bmo\bov\bve\be t\bth\bhe\be r\bre\bea\bad\bdo\bon\bnl\bly\by a\bat\btt\btr\bri\bib\bbu\but\bte\be.\b. W\bWh\bhe\ben\bn u\bus\bse\bed\bd
+ able and +\b+r\br w\bwi\bil\bll\bl n\bno\bot\bt r\bre\bem\bmo\bov\bve\be t\bth\bhe\be r\bre\bea\bad\bdo\bon\bnl\bly\by a\bat\btt\btr\bri\bib\bbu\but\bte\be.\b. W\bWh\bhe\ben\bn u\bus\bse\bed\bd
i\bin\bn a\ba f\bfu\bun\bnc\bct\bti\bio\bon\bn,\b, m\bma\bak\bke\bes\bs e\bea\bac\bch\bh _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl,\b, a\bas\bs w\bwi\bit\bth\bh t\bth\bhe\be l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl command.
If a variable name is followed by =_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be, the value of the vari-
- able is set to _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be. The return value is 0 unless an invalid
- option is encountered, an attempt is made to define a function
- using ``-f foo=bar'', an attempt is made to assign a value to a
- readonly variable, an attempt is made to assign a value to an
+ able is set to _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be. The return value is 0 unless an invalid
+ option is encountered, an attempt is made to define a function
+ using ``-f foo=bar'', an attempt is made to assign a value to a
+ readonly variable, an attempt is made to assign a value to an
array variable without using the compound assignment syntax (see
- A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs above), one of the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs is not a valid shell variable
+ A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs above), one of the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs is not a valid shell variable
name, an attempt is made to turn off readonly status for a read-
- only variable, an attempt is made to turn off array status for
- an array variable, or an attempt is made to display a non-exis-
+ only variable, an attempt is made to turn off array status for
+ an array variable, or an attempt is made to display a non-exis-
tent function with -\b-f\bf.
d\bdi\bir\brs\bs [\b[+\b+_\bn]\b] [\b[-\b-_\bn]\b] [\b[-\b-c\bcp\bpl\blv\bv]\b]
- Without options, displays the list of currently remembered
- directories. The default display is on a single line with
- directory names separated by spaces. Directories are added to
- the list with the p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd command; the p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd command removes
+ Without options, displays the list of currently remembered
+ directories. The default display is on a single line with
+ directory names separated by spaces. Directories are added to
+ the list with the p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd command; the p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd command removes
entries from the list.
+\b+_\bn Displays the _\bnth entry counting from the left of the list
shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs when invoked without options, starting with
zero.
- -\b-_\bn Displays the _\bnth entry counting from the right of the
+ -\b-_\bn Displays the _\bnth entry counting from the right of the
list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs when invoked without options, starting
with zero.
-\b-c\bc Clears the directory stack by deleting all of the
entries.
- -\b-l\bl Produces a longer listing; the default listing format
+ -\b-l\bl Produces a longer listing; the default listing format
uses a tilde to denote the home directory.
-\b-p\bp Print the directory stack with one entry per line.
- -\b-v\bv Print the directory stack with one entry per line, pre-
+ -\b-v\bv Print the directory stack with one entry per line, pre-
fixing each entry with its index in the stack.
- The return value is 0 unless an invalid option is supplied or _\bn
+ The return value is 0 unless an invalid option is supplied or _\bn
indexes beyond the end of the directory stack.
d\bdi\bis\bso\bow\bwn\bn [-\b-a\bar\br] [-\b-h\bh] [_\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc ...]
- Without options, each _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is removed from the table of
- active jobs. If _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not present, and neither -\b-a\ba n\bno\bor\br -\b-r\br
- i\bis\bs s\bsu\bup\bpp\bpl\bli\bie\bed\bd,\b, t\bth\bhe\be s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl'\b's\bs n\bno\bot\bti\bio\bon\bn o\bof\bf t\bth\bhe\be _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb i\bis\bs u\bus\bse\bed\bd.\b. I\bIf\bf
+ Without options, each _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is removed from the table of
+ active jobs. If _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not present, and neither -\b-a\ba n\bno\bor\br -\b-r\br
+ i\bis\bs s\bsu\bup\bpp\bpl\bli\bie\bed\bd,\b, t\bth\bhe\be s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl'\b's\bs n\bno\bot\bti\bio\bon\bn o\bof\bf t\bth\bhe\be _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb i\bis\bs u\bus\bse\bed\bd.\b. I\bIf\bf
t\bth\bhe\be -\b-h\bh o\bop\bpt\bti\bio\bon\bn i\bis\bs g\bgi\biv\bve\ben\bn,\b, e\bea\bac\bch\bh _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not removed from the ta-
- ble, but is marked so that S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP is not sent to the job if the
- shell receives a S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP. If no _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is present, and neither
- the -\b-a\ba nor the -\b-r\br option is supplied, the _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb is used.
+ ble, but is marked so that S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP is not sent to the job if the
+ shell receives a S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP. If no _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is present, and neither
+ the -\b-a\ba nor the -\b-r\br option is supplied, the _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb is used.
If no _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is supplied, the -\b-a\ba option means to remove or mark
- all jobs; the -\b-r\br option without a _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc argument restricts
- operation to running jobs. The return value is 0 unless a _\bj_\bo_\bb_\b-
+ all jobs; the -\b-r\br option without a _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc argument restricts
+ operation to running jobs. The return value is 0 unless a _\bj_\bo_\bb_\b-
_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc does not specify a valid job.
e\bec\bch\bho\bo [-\b-n\bne\beE\bE] [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
- Output the _\ba_\br_\bgs, separated by spaces, followed by a newline.
+ Output the _\ba_\br_\bgs, separated by spaces, followed by a newline.
The return status is always 0. If -\b-n\bn is specified, the trailing
- newline is suppressed. If the -\b-e\be option is given, interpreta-
- tion of the following backslash-escaped characters is enabled.
- The -\b-E\bE option disables the interpretation of these escape char-
- acters, even on systems where they are interpreted by default.
- The x\bxp\bpg\bg_\b_e\bec\bch\bho\bo shell option may be used to dynamically determine
- whether or not e\bec\bch\bho\bo expands these escape characters by default.
- e\bec\bch\bho\bo does not interpret -\b--\b- to mean the end of options. e\bec\bch\bho\bo
+ newline is suppressed. If the -\b-e\be option is given, interpreta-
+ tion of the following backslash-escaped characters is enabled.
+ The -\b-E\bE option disables the interpretation of these escape char-
+ acters, even on systems where they are interpreted by default.
+ The x\bxp\bpg\bg_\b_e\bec\bch\bho\bo shell option may be used to dynamically determine
+ whether or not e\bec\bch\bho\bo expands these escape characters by default.
+ e\bec\bch\bho\bo does not interpret -\b--\b- to mean the end of options. e\bec\bch\bho\bo
interprets the following escape sequences:
\\b\a\ba alert (bell)
\\b\b\bb backspace
\\b\t\bt horizontal tab
\\b\v\bv vertical tab
\\b\\\b\ backslash
- \\b\0\b0_\bn_\bn_\bn the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value
+ \\b\0\b0_\bn_\bn_\bn the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value
_\bn_\bn_\bn (zero to three octal digits)
- \\b\x\bx_\bH_\bH the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal
+ \\b\x\bx_\bH_\bH the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal
value _\bH_\bH (one or two hex digits)
e\ben\bna\bab\bbl\ble\be [-\b-a\ba] [-\b-d\bdn\bnp\bps\bs] [-\b-f\bf _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- Enable and disable builtin shell commands. Disabling a builtin
+ Enable and disable builtin shell commands. Disabling a builtin
allows a disk command which has the same name as a shell builtin
- to be executed without specifying a full pathname, even though
- the shell normally searches for builtins before disk commands.
- If -\b-n\bn is used, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is disabled; otherwise, _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are
+ to be executed without specifying a full pathname, even though
+ the shell normally searches for builtins before disk commands.
+ If -\b-n\bn is used, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is disabled; otherwise, _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are
enabled. For example, to use the t\bte\bes\bst\bt binary found via the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH
- instead of the shell builtin version, run ``enable -n test''.
- The -\b-f\bf option means to load the new builtin command _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be from
+ instead of the shell builtin version, run ``enable -n test''.
+ The -\b-f\bf option means to load the new builtin command _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be from
shared object _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, on systems that support dynamic loading.
- The -\b-d\bd option will delete a builtin previously loaded with -\b-f\bf.
+ The -\b-d\bd option will delete a builtin previously loaded with -\b-f\bf.
If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given, or if the -\b-p\bp option is supplied,
a list of shell builtins is printed. With no other option argu-
- ments, the list consists of all enabled shell builtins. If -\b-n\bn
- is supplied, only disabled builtins are printed. If -\b-a\ba is sup-
- plied, the list printed includes all builtins, with an indica-
- tion of whether or not each is enabled. If -\b-s\bs is supplied, the
- output is restricted to the POSIX _\bs_\bp_\be_\bc_\bi_\ba_\bl builtins. The return
- value is 0 unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a shell builtin or there is an
+ ments, the list consists of all enabled shell builtins. If -\b-n\bn
+ is supplied, only disabled builtins are printed. If -\b-a\ba is sup-
+ plied, the list printed includes all builtins, with an indica-
+ tion of whether or not each is enabled. If -\b-s\bs is supplied, the
+ output is restricted to the POSIX _\bs_\bp_\be_\bc_\bi_\ba_\bl builtins. The return
+ value is 0 unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a shell builtin or there is an
error loading a new builtin from a shared object.
e\bev\bva\bal\bl [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
- The _\ba_\br_\bgs are read and concatenated together into a single com-
- mand. This command is then read and executed by the shell, and
- its exit status is returned as the value of e\bev\bva\bal\bl. If there are
+ The _\ba_\br_\bgs are read and concatenated together into a single com-
+ mand. This command is then read and executed by the shell, and
+ its exit status is returned as the value of e\bev\bva\bal\bl. If there are
no _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs, or only null arguments, e\bev\bva\bal\bl returns 0.
e\bex\bxe\bec\bc [-\b-c\bcl\bl] [-\b-a\ba _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs]]
- If _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is specified, it replaces the shell. No new process
- is created. The _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs become the arguments to _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd. If
+ If _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is specified, it replaces the shell. No new process
+ is created. The _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs become the arguments to _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd. If
the -\b-l\bl option is supplied, the shell places a dash at the begin-
- ning of the zeroth argument passed to _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd. This is what
+ ning of the zeroth argument passed to _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd. This is what
_\bl_\bo_\bg_\bi_\bn(1) does. The -\b-c\bc option causes _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd to be executed with
- an empty environment. If -\b-a\ba is supplied, the shell passes _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
+ an empty environment. If -\b-a\ba is supplied, the shell passes _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
as the zeroth argument to the executed command. If _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd can-
- not be executed for some reason, a non-interactive shell exits,
- unless the shell option e\bex\bxe\bec\bcf\bfa\bai\bil\bl is enabled, in which case it
- returns failure. An interactive shell returns failure if the
+ not be executed for some reason, a non-interactive shell exits,
+ unless the shell option e\bex\bxe\bec\bcf\bfa\bai\bil\bl is enabled, in which case it
+ returns failure. An interactive shell returns failure if the
file cannot be executed. If _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is not specified, any redi-
rections take effect in the current shell, and the return status
- is 0. If there is a redirection error, the return status is 1.
+ is 0. If there is a redirection error, the return status is 1.
e\bex\bxi\bit\bt [_\bn]
- Cause the shell to exit with a status of _\bn. If _\bn is omitted,
+ Cause the shell to exit with a status of _\bn. If _\bn is omitted,
the exit status is that of the last command executed. A trap on
E\bEX\bXI\bIT\bT is executed before the shell terminates.
e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt [-\b-f\bfn\bn] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd]] ...
e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt -\b-p\bp
- The supplied _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are marked for automatic export to the envi-
- ronment of subsequently executed commands. If the -\b-f\bf option is
- given, the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs refer to functions. If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are given, or
- if the -\b-p\bp option is supplied, a list of all names that are
- exported in this shell is printed. The -\b-n\bn option causes the
- export property to be removed from each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If a variable
- name is followed by =_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, the value of the variable is set to
- _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd. e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt returns an exit status of 0 unless an invalid
- option is encountered, one of the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs is not a valid shell
+ The supplied _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are marked for automatic export to the envi-
+ ronment of subsequently executed commands. If the -\b-f\bf option is
+ given, the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs refer to functions. If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are given, or
+ if the -\b-p\bp option is supplied, a list of all names that are
+ exported in this shell is printed. The -\b-n\bn option causes the
+ export property to be removed from each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If a variable
+ name is followed by =_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, the value of the variable is set to
+ _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd. e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt returns an exit status of 0 unless an invalid
+ option is encountered, one of the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs is not a valid shell
variable name, or -\b-f\bf is supplied with a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be that is not a func-
tion.
f\bfc\bc [-\b-e\be _\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [-\b-l\bln\bnr\br] [_\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt] [_\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt]
f\bfc\bc -\b-s\bs [_\bp_\ba_\bt=_\br_\be_\bp] [_\bc_\bm_\bd]
- Fix Command. In the first form, a range of commands from _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt
- to _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt is selected from the history list. _\bF_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt and _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt may
- be specified as a string (to locate the last command beginning
- with that string) or as a number (an index into the history
+ Fix Command. In the first form, a range of commands from _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt
+ to _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt is selected from the history list. _\bF_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt and _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt may
+ be specified as a string (to locate the last command beginning
+ with that string) or as a number (an index into the history
list, where a negative number is used as an offset from the cur-
rent command number). If _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt is not specified it is set to the
- current command for listing (so that ``fc -l -10'' prints the
+ current command for listing (so that ``fc -l -10'' prints the
last 10 commands) and to _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt otherwise. If _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt is not spec-
- ified it is set to the previous command for editing and -16 for
+ ified it is set to the previous command for editing and -16 for
listing.
- The -\b-n\bn option suppresses the command numbers when listing. The
- -\b-r\br option reverses the order of the commands. If the -\b-l\bl option
- is given, the commands are listed on standard output. Other-
- wise, the editor given by _\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is invoked on a file containing
- those commands. If _\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not given, the value of the F\bFC\bCE\bED\bDI\bIT\bT
- variable is used, and the value of E\bED\bDI\bIT\bTO\bOR\bR if F\bFC\bCE\bED\bDI\bIT\bT is not set.
- If neither variable is set, _\bv_\bi is used. When editing is com-
+ The -\b-n\bn option suppresses the command numbers when listing. The
+ -\b-r\br option reverses the order of the commands. If the -\b-l\bl option
+ is given, the commands are listed on standard output. Other-
+ wise, the editor given by _\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is invoked on a file containing
+ those commands. If _\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not given, the value of the F\bFC\bCE\bED\bDI\bIT\bT
+ variable is used, and the value of E\bED\bDI\bIT\bTO\bOR\bR if F\bFC\bCE\bED\bDI\bIT\bT is not set.
+ If neither variable is set, _\bv_\bi is used. When editing is com-
plete, the edited commands are echoed and executed.
- In the second form, _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is re-executed after each instance
- of _\bp_\ba_\bt is replaced by _\br_\be_\bp. A useful alias to use with this is
- ``r="fc -s"'', so that typing ``r cc'' runs the last command
+ In the second form, _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is re-executed after each instance
+ of _\bp_\ba_\bt is replaced by _\br_\be_\bp. A useful alias to use with this is
+ ``r="fc -s"'', so that typing ``r cc'' runs the last command
beginning with ``cc'' and typing ``r'' re-executes the last com-
mand.
- If the first form is used, the return value is 0 unless an
- invalid option is encountered or _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt or _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt specify history
- lines out of range. If the -\b-e\be option is supplied, the return
+ If the first form is used, the return value is 0 unless an
+ invalid option is encountered or _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt or _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt specify history
+ lines out of range. If the -\b-e\be option is supplied, the return
value is the value of the last command executed or failure if an
error occurs with the temporary file of commands. If the second
- form is used, the return status is that of the command re-exe-
- cuted, unless _\bc_\bm_\bd does not specify a valid history line, in
+ form is used, the return status is that of the command re-exe-
+ cuted, unless _\bc_\bm_\bd does not specify a valid history line, in
which case f\bfc\bc returns failure.
f\bfg\bg [_\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc]
- Resume _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc in the foreground, and make it the current job.
+ Resume _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc in the foreground, and make it the current job.
If _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not present, the shell's notion of the _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb
- is used. The return value is that of the command placed into
- the foreground, or failure if run when job control is disabled
+ is used. The return value is that of the command placed into
+ the foreground, or failure if run when job control is disabled
or, when run with job control enabled, if _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc does not spec-
- ify a valid job or _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc specifies a job that was started
+ ify a valid job or _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc specifies a job that was started
without job control.
g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bs]
- g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is used by shell procedures to parse positional parame-
- ters. _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg contains the option characters to be recog-
- nized; if a character is followed by a colon, the option is
- expected to have an argument, which should be separated from it
- by white space. The colon and question mark characters may not
- be used as option characters. Each time it is invoked, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs
- places the next option in the shell variable _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, initializing
+ g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is used by shell procedures to parse positional parame-
+ ters. _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg contains the option characters to be recog-
+ nized; if a character is followed by a colon, the option is
+ expected to have an argument, which should be separated from it
+ by white space. The colon and question mark characters may not
+ be used as option characters. Each time it is invoked, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs
+ places the next option in the shell variable _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, initializing
_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be if it does not exist, and the index of the next argument to
be processed into the variable O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD. O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD is initialized to
- 1 each time the shell or a shell script is invoked. When an
- option requires an argument, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs places that argument into
- the variable O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG. The shell does not reset O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD automati-
- cally; it must be manually reset between multiple calls to
+ 1 each time the shell or a shell script is invoked. When an
+ option requires an argument, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs places that argument into
+ the variable O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG. The shell does not reset O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD automati-
+ cally; it must be manually reset between multiple calls to
g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs within the same shell invocation if a new set of parame-
ters is to be used.
- When the end of options is encountered, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs exits with a
- return value greater than zero. O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD is set to the index of
+ When the end of options is encountered, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs exits with a
+ return value greater than zero. O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD is set to the index of
the first non-option argument, and n\bna\bam\bme\be is set to ?.
- g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs normally parses the positional parameters, but if more
+ g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs normally parses the positional parameters, but if more
arguments are given in _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs parses those instead.
- g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs can report errors in two ways. If the first character
- of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg is a colon, _\bs_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\bt error reporting is used. In
- normal operation diagnostic messages are printed when invalid
- options or missing option arguments are encountered. If the
- variable O\bOP\bPT\bTE\bER\bRR\bR is set to 0, no error messages will be dis-
+ g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs can report errors in two ways. If the first character
+ of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg is a colon, _\bs_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\bt error reporting is used. In
+ normal operation diagnostic messages are printed when invalid
+ options or missing option arguments are encountered. If the
+ variable O\bOP\bPT\bTE\bER\bRR\bR is set to 0, no error messages will be dis-
played, even if the first character of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg is not a colon.
If an invalid option is seen, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs places ? into _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be and, if
- not silent, prints an error message and unsets O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG. If
- g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is silent, the option character found is placed in
+ not silent, prints an error message and unsets O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG. If
+ g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is silent, the option character found is placed in
O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG and no diagnostic message is printed.
- If a required argument is not found, and g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is not silent,
- a question mark (?\b?) is placed in _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG is unset, and a
- diagnostic message is printed. If g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is silent, then a
- colon (:\b:) is placed in _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be and O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG is set to the option
+ If a required argument is not found, and g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is not silent,
+ a question mark (?\b?) is placed in _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG is unset, and a
+ diagnostic message is printed. If g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is silent, then a
+ colon (:\b:) is placed in _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be and O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG is set to the option
character found.
- g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs returns true if an option, specified or unspecified, is
+ g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs returns true if an option, specified or unspecified, is
found. It returns false if the end of options is encountered or
an error occurs.
h\bha\bas\bsh\bh [-\b-l\blr\br] [-\b-p\bp _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [-\b-d\bdt\bt] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be]
- For each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, the full file name of the command is determined
+ For each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, the full file name of the command is determined
by searching the directories in $\b$P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH and remembered. If the -\b-p\bp
option is supplied, no path search is performed, and _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is
used as the full file name of the command. The -\b-r\br option causes
- the shell to forget all remembered locations. The -\b-d\bd option
+ the shell to forget all remembered locations. The -\b-d\bd option
causes the shell to forget the remembered location of each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.
- If the -\b-t\bt option is supplied, the full pathname to which each
- _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be corresponds is printed. If multiple _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are
- supplied with -\b-t\bt, the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is printed before the hashed full
+ If the -\b-t\bt option is supplied, the full pathname to which each
+ _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be corresponds is printed. If multiple _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are
+ supplied with -\b-t\bt, the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is printed before the hashed full
pathname. The -\b-l\bl option causes output to be displayed in a for-
- mat that may be reused as input. If no arguments are given, or
+ mat that may be reused as input. If no arguments are given, or
if only -\b-l\bl is supplied, information about remembered commands is
- printed. The return status is true unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not found
+ printed. The return status is true unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not found
or an invalid option is supplied.
h\bhe\bel\blp\bp [-\b-s\bs] [_\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn]
- Display helpful information about builtin commands. If _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn
- is specified, h\bhe\bel\blp\bp gives detailed help on all commands matching
- _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn; otherwise help for all the builtins and shell control
- structures is printed. The -\b-s\bs option restricts the information
- displayed to a short usage synopsis. The return status is 0
+ Display helpful information about builtin commands. If _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn
+ is specified, h\bhe\bel\blp\bp gives detailed help on all commands matching
+ _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn; otherwise help for all the builtins and shell control
+ structures is printed. The -\b-s\bs option restricts the information
+ displayed to a short usage synopsis. The return status is 0
unless no command matches _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn.
h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by [\b[_\bn]\b]
h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by -\b-s\bs _\ba_\br_\bg [_\ba_\br_\bg _\b._\b._\b.]
With no options, display the command history list with line num-
bers. Lines listed with a *\b* have been modified. An argument of
- _\bn lists only the last _\bn lines. If the shell variable H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bE-\b-
- F\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT is set and not null, it is used as a format string for
- _\bs_\bt_\br_\bf_\bt_\bi_\bm_\be(3) to display the time stamp associated with each dis-
- played history entry. No intervening blank is printed between
- the formatted time stamp and the history line. If _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is
- supplied, it is used as the name of the history file; if not,
- the value of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is used. Options, if supplied, have the
+ _\bn lists only the last _\bn lines. If the shell variable H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bE-\b-
+ F\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT is set and not null, it is used as a format string for
+ _\bs_\bt_\br_\bf_\bt_\bi_\bm_\be(3) to display the time stamp associated with each dis-
+ played history entry. No intervening blank is printed between
+ the formatted time stamp and the history line. If _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is
+ supplied, it is used as the name of the history file; if not,
+ the value of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is used. Options, if supplied, have the
following meanings:
-\b-c\bc Clear the history list by deleting all the entries.
-\b-d\bd _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt
Delete the history entry at position _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt.
- -\b-a\ba Append the ``new'' history lines (history lines entered
- since the beginning of the current b\bba\bas\bsh\bh session) to the
+ -\b-a\ba Append the ``new'' history lines (history lines entered
+ since the beginning of the current b\bba\bas\bsh\bh session) to the
history file.
- -\b-n\bn Read the history lines not already read from the history
- file into the current history list. These are lines
- appended to the history file since the beginning of the
+ -\b-n\bn Read the history lines not already read from the history
+ file into the current history list. These are lines
+ appended to the history file since the beginning of the
current b\bba\bas\bsh\bh session.
-\b-r\br Read the contents of the history file and use them as the
current history.
- -\b-w\bw Write the current history to the history file, overwrit-
+ -\b-w\bw Write the current history to the history file, overwrit-
ing the history file's contents.
- -\b-p\bp Perform history substitution on the following _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs and
- display the result on the standard output. Does not
- store the results in the history list. Each _\ba_\br_\bg must be
+ -\b-p\bp Perform history substitution on the following _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs and
+ display the result on the standard output. Does not
+ store the results in the history list. Each _\ba_\br_\bg must be
quoted to disable normal history expansion.
- -\b-s\bs Store the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs in the history list as a single entry.
- The last command in the history list is removed before
+ -\b-s\bs Store the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs in the history list as a single entry.
+ The last command in the history list is removed before
the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs are added.
If the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bEF\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT is set, the time stamp information associ-
- ated with each history entry is written to the history file,
- marked with the history comment character. When the history
+ ated with each history entry is written to the history file,
+ marked with the history comment character. When the history
file is read, lines beginning with the history comment character
- followed immediately by a digit are interpreted as timestamps
- for the previous history line. The return value is 0 unless an
- invalid option is encountered, an error occurs while reading or
- writing the history file, an invalid _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt is supplied as an
+ followed immediately by a digit are interpreted as timestamps
+ for the previous history line. The return value is 0 unless an
+ invalid option is encountered, an error occurs while reading or
+ writing the history file, an invalid _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt is supplied as an
argument to -\b-d\bd, or the history expansion supplied as an argument
to -\b-p\bp fails.
The first form lists the active jobs. The options have the fol-
lowing meanings:
-\b-l\bl List process IDs in addition to the normal information.
- -\b-p\bp List only the process ID of the job's process group
+ -\b-p\bp List only the process ID of the job's process group
leader.
- -\b-n\bn Display information only about jobs that have changed
- status since the user was last notified of their status.
+ -\b-n\bn Display information only about jobs that have changed
+ status since the user was last notified of their status.
-\b-r\br Restrict output to running jobs.
-\b-s\bs Restrict output to stopped jobs.
- If _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is given, output is restricted to information about
- that job. The return status is 0 unless an invalid option is
+ If _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is given, output is restricted to information about
+ that job. The return status is 0 unless an invalid option is
encountered or an invalid _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is supplied.
If the -\b-x\bx option is supplied, j\bjo\bob\bbs\bs replaces any _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc found in
- _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd or _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs with the corresponding process group ID, and
+ _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd or _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs with the corresponding process group ID, and
executes _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd passing it _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs, returning its exit status.
k\bki\bil\bll\bl [-\b-s\bs _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc | -\b-n\bn _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bu_\bm | -\b-_\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc] [_\bp_\bi_\bd | _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc] ...
k\bki\bil\bll\bl -\b-l\bl [_\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc | _\be_\bx_\bi_\bt_\b__\bs_\bt_\ba_\bt_\bu_\bs]
- Send the signal named by _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc or _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bu_\bm to the processes
- named by _\bp_\bi_\bd or _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc. _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is either a case-insensitive
- signal name such as S\bSI\bIG\bGK\bKI\bIL\bLL\bL (with or without the S\bSI\bIG\bG prefix) or
- a signal number; _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bu_\bm is a signal number. If _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not
- present, then S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTE\bER\bRM\bM is assumed. An argument of -\b-l\bl lists the
- signal names. If any arguments are supplied when -\b-l\bl is given,
- the names of the signals corresponding to the arguments are
+ Send the signal named by _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc or _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bu_\bm to the processes
+ named by _\bp_\bi_\bd or _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc. _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is either a case-insensitive
+ signal name such as S\bSI\bIG\bGK\bKI\bIL\bLL\bL (with or without the S\bSI\bIG\bG prefix) or
+ a signal number; _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bu_\bm is a signal number. If _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not
+ present, then S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTE\bER\bRM\bM is assumed. An argument of -\b-l\bl lists the
+ signal names. If any arguments are supplied when -\b-l\bl is given,
+ the names of the signals corresponding to the arguments are
listed, and the return status is 0. The _\be_\bx_\bi_\bt_\b__\bs_\bt_\ba_\bt_\bu_\bs argument to
- -\b-l\bl is a number specifying either a signal number or the exit
- status of a process terminated by a signal. k\bki\bil\bll\bl returns true
- if at least one signal was successfully sent, or false if an
+ -\b-l\bl is a number specifying either a signal number or the exit
+ status of a process terminated by a signal. k\bki\bil\bll\bl returns true
+ if at least one signal was successfully sent, or false if an
error occurs or an invalid option is encountered.
l\ble\bet\bt _\ba_\br_\bg [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
Each _\ba_\br_\bg is an arithmetic expression to be evaluated (see A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bH-\b-
- M\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN). If the last _\ba_\br_\bg evaluates to 0, l\ble\bet\bt returns
+ M\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN). If the last _\ba_\br_\bg evaluates to 0, l\ble\bet\bt returns
1; 0 is returned otherwise.
l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl [_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be] ...]
- For each argument, a local variable named _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is created, and
- assigned _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be. The _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn can be any of the options accepted
+ For each argument, a local variable named _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is created, and
+ assigned _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be. The _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn can be any of the options accepted
by d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be. When l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl is used within a function, it causes the
- variable _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be to have a visible scope restricted to that func-
+ variable _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be to have a visible scope restricted to that func-
tion and its children. With no operands, l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl writes a list of
- local variables to the standard output. It is an error to use
+ local variables to the standard output. It is an error to use
l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl when not within a function. The return status is 0 unless
- l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl is used outside a function, an invalid _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is supplied,
+ l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl is used outside a function, an invalid _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is supplied,
or _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is a readonly variable.
l\blo\bog\bgo\bou\but\bt Exit a login shell.
p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd [-n\bn] [+_\bn] [-_\bn]
- Removes entries from the directory stack. With no arguments,
- removes the top directory from the stack, and performs a c\bcd\bd to
+ Removes entries from the directory stack. With no arguments,
+ removes the top directory from the stack, and performs a c\bcd\bd to
the new top directory. Arguments, if supplied, have the follow-
ing meanings:
- -\b-n\bn Suppresses the normal change of directory when removing
- directories from the stack, so that only the stack is
+ -\b-n\bn Suppresses the normal change of directory when removing
+ directories from the stack, so that only the stack is
manipulated.
- +\b+_\bn Removes the _\bnth entry counting from the left of the list
- shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with zero. For example: ``popd
+ +\b+_\bn Removes the _\bnth entry counting from the left of the list
+ shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with zero. For example: ``popd
+0'' removes the first directory, ``popd +1'' the second.
-\b-_\bn Removes the _\bnth entry counting from the right of the list
- shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with zero. For example: ``popd
- -0'' removes the last directory, ``popd -1'' the next to
+ shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with zero. For example: ``popd
+ -0'' removes the last directory, ``popd -1'' the next to
last.
- If the p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd command is successful, a d\bdi\bir\brs\bs is performed as well,
- and the return status is 0. p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd returns false if an invalid
+ If the p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd command is successful, a d\bdi\bir\brs\bs is performed as well,
+ and the return status is 0. p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd returns false if an invalid
option is encountered, the directory stack is empty, a non-exis-
tent directory stack entry is specified, or the directory change
fails.
p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf [-\b-v\bv _\bv_\ba_\br] _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs]
- Write the formatted _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs to the standard output under the
- control of the _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt. The _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt is a character string which
- contains three types of objects: plain characters, which are
- simply copied to standard output, character escape sequences,
- which are converted and copied to the standard output, and for-
- mat specifications, each of which causes printing of the next
+ Write the formatted _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs to the standard output under the
+ control of the _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt. The _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt is a character string which
+ contains three types of objects: plain characters, which are
+ simply copied to standard output, character escape sequences,
+ which are converted and copied to the standard output, and for-
+ mat specifications, each of which causes printing of the next
successive _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt. In addition to the standard _\bp_\br_\bi_\bn_\bt_\bf(1) for-
- mats, %\b%b\bb causes p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf to expand backslash escape sequences in
- the corresponding _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt (except that \\b\c\bc terminates output,
+ mats, %\b%b\bb causes p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf to expand backslash escape sequences in
+ the corresponding _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt (except that \\b\c\bc terminates output,
backslashes in \\b\'\b', \\b\"\b", and \\b\?\b? are not removed, and octal escapes
- beginning with \\b\0\b0 may contain up to four digits), and %\b%q\bq causes
+ beginning with \\b\0\b0 may contain up to four digits), and %\b%q\bq causes
p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf to output the corresponding _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt in a format that can
be reused as shell input.
- The -\b-v\bv option causes the output to be assigned to the variable
+ The -\b-v\bv option causes the output to be assigned to the variable
_\bv_\ba_\br rather than being printed to the standard output.
- The _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt is reused as necessary to consume all of the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\b-
+ The _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt is reused as necessary to consume all of the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\b-
_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs. If the _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt requires more _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs than are supplied,
- the extra format specifications behave as if a zero value or
- null string, as appropriate, had been supplied. The return
+ the extra format specifications behave as if a zero value or
+ null string, as appropriate, had been supplied. The return
value is zero on success, non-zero on failure.
p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd [-\b-n\bn] [+_\bn] [-_\bn]
p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd [-\b-n\bn] [_\bd_\bi_\br]
- Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates
- the stack, making the new top of the stack the current working
+ Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates
+ the stack, making the new top of the stack the current working
directory. With no arguments, exchanges the top two directories
- and returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty. Arguments,
+ and returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty. Arguments,
if supplied, have the following meanings:
- -\b-n\bn Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding
- directories to the stack, so that only the stack is
+ -\b-n\bn Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding
+ directories to the stack, so that only the stack is
manipulated.
- +\b+_\bn Rotates the stack so that the _\bnth directory (counting
- from the left of the list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with
+ +\b+_\bn Rotates the stack so that the _\bnth directory (counting
+ from the left of the list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with
zero) is at the top.
- -\b-_\bn Rotates the stack so that the _\bnth directory (counting
- from the right of the list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with
+ -\b-_\bn Rotates the stack so that the _\bnth directory (counting
+ from the right of the list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with
zero) is at the top.
_\bd_\bi_\br Adds _\bd_\bi_\br to the directory stack at the top, making it the
new current working directory.
If the p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd command is successful, a d\bdi\bir\brs\bs is performed as well.
- If the first form is used, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd returns 0 unless the cd to _\bd_\bi_\br
- fails. With the second form, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd returns 0 unless the direc-
- tory stack is empty, a non-existent directory stack element is
- specified, or the directory change to the specified new current
+ If the first form is used, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd returns 0 unless the cd to _\bd_\bi_\br
+ fails. With the second form, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd returns 0 unless the direc-
+ tory stack is empty, a non-existent directory stack element is
+ specified, or the directory change to the specified new current
directory fails.
p\bpw\bwd\bd [-\b-L\bLP\bP]
- Print the absolute pathname of the current working directory.
+ Print the absolute pathname of the current working directory.
The pathname printed contains no symbolic links if the -\b-P\bP option
is supplied or the -\b-o\bo p\bph\bhy\bys\bsi\bic\bca\bal\bl option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command
- is enabled. If the -\b-L\bL option is used, the pathname printed may
- contain symbolic links. The return status is 0 unless an error
- occurs while reading the name of the current directory or an
+ is enabled. If the -\b-L\bL option is used, the pathname printed may
+ contain symbolic links. The return status is 0 unless an error
+ occurs while reading the name of the current directory or an
invalid option is supplied.
- r\bre\bea\bad\bd [-\b-e\ber\brs\bs] [-\b-a\ba _\ba_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [-\b-d\bd _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm] [-\b-n\bn _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs] [-\b-p\bp _\bp_\br_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bt] [-\b-t\bt _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt]
- [-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- One line is read from the standard input, or from the file
- descriptor _\bf_\bd supplied as an argument to the -\b-u\bu option, and the
+ r\bre\bea\bad\bd [-\b-e\ber\brs\bs] [-\b-a\ba _\ba_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [-\b-d\bd _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm] [-\b- _\bt_\be_\bx_\bt] [-\b-n\bn _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs] [-\b-p\bp _\bp_\br_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bt] [-\b-t\bt
+ _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt] [-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
+ One line is read from the standard input, or from the file
+ descriptor _\bf_\bd supplied as an argument to the -\b-u\bu option, and the
first word is assigned to the first _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, the second word to the
- second _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, and so on, with leftover words and their interven-
- ing separators assigned to the last _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If there are fewer
+ second _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, and so on, with leftover words and their interven-
+ ing separators assigned to the last _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If there are fewer
words read from the input stream than names, the remaining names
- are assigned empty values. The characters in I\bIF\bFS\bS are used to
- split the line into words. The backslash character (\\b\) may be
- used to remove any special meaning for the next character read
- and for line continuation. Options, if supplied, have the fol-
+ are assigned empty values. The characters in I\bIF\bFS\bS are used to
+ split the line into words. The backslash character (\\b\) may be
+ used to remove any special meaning for the next character read
+ and for line continuation. Options, if supplied, have the fol-
lowing meanings:
-\b-a\ba _\ba_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
The words are assigned to sequential indices of the array
new values are assigned. Other _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are
ignored.
-\b-d\bd _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm
- The first character of _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm is used to terminate the
+ The first character of _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm is used to terminate the
input line, rather than newline.
-\b-e\be If the standard input is coming from a terminal, r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be
(see R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE above) is used to obtain the line.
+ -\b-i\bi _\bt_\be_\bx_\bt
+ If r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used to read the line, _\bt_\be_\bx_\bt is
+ placed into the editing buffer before editing begins.
-\b-n\bn _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs
r\bre\bea\bad\bd returns after reading _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters rather than
waiting for a complete line of input.
command no longer exists, a normal path search is per-
formed.
c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bkj\bjo\bob\bbs\bs
- If set, bash lists the status of any stopped and running
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh lists the status of any stopped and running
jobs before exiting an interactive shell. If any jobs
are running, this causes the exit to be deferred until a
second exit is attempted without an intervening command
tion lookup, as with the c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd builtin. t\bty\byp\bpe\be returns true if
any of the arguments are found, false if none are found.
- u\bul\bli\bim\bmi\bit\bt [-\b-S\bSH\bHa\bac\bcd\bde\bef\bfi\bil\blm\bmn\bnp\bpq\bqr\brs\bst\btu\buv\bvx\bx [_\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt]]
+ u\bul\bli\bim\bmi\bit\bt [-\b-H\bHS\bST\bTa\bab\bbc\bcd\bde\bef\bfi\bil\blm\bmn\bnp\bpq\bqr\brs\bst\btu\buv\bvx\bx [_\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt]]
Provides control over the resources available to the shell and
to processes started by it, on systems that allow such control.
The -\b-H\bH and -\b-S\bS options specify that the hard or soft limit is set
and unit are printed before the value. Other options are inter-
preted as follows:
-\b-a\ba All current limits are reported
+ -\b-b\bb The maximum socket buffer size
-\b-c\bc The maximum size of core files created
-\b-d\bd The maximum size of a process's data segment
-\b-e\be The maximum scheduling priority ("nice")
-\b-v\bv The maximum amount of virtual memory available to the
shell
-\b-x\bx The maximum number of file locks
+ -\b-T\bT The maximum number of threads
If _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt is given, it is the new value of the specified resource
(the -\b-a\ba option is display only). If no option is given, then -\b-f\bf
is assumed. Values are in 1024-byte increments, except for -\b-t\bt,
which is in seconds, -\b-p\bp, which is in units of 512-byte blocks,
- and -\b-n\bn and -\b-u\bu, which are unscaled values. The return status is
- 0 unless an invalid option or argument is supplied, or an error
- occurs while setting a new limit.
+ and -\b-T\bT, -\b-b\bb, -\b-n\bn, and -\b-u\bu, which are unscaled values. The return
+ status is 0 unless an invalid option or argument is supplied, or
+ an error occurs while setting a new limit.
u\bum\bma\bas\bsk\bk [-\b-p\bp] [-\b-S\bS] [_\bm_\bo_\bd_\be]
The user file-creation mask is set to _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be. If _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be begins with
-GNU Bash-3.2 2008 February 22 BASH(1)
+GNU Bash-3.2 2008 April 5 BASH(1)
.\" Case Western Reserve University
.\" chet@po.cwru.edu
.\"
-.\" Last Change: Thu Mar 27 22:15:12 EDT 2008
+.\" Last Change: Sat Apr 12 17:15:24 EDT 2008
.\"
.\" bash_builtins, strip all but Built-Ins section
.if \n(zZ=1 .ig zZ
.if \n(zY=1 .ig zY
-.TH BASH 1 "2008 April 5" "GNU Bash-3.2"
+.TH BASH 1 "2008 April 12" "GNU Bash-3.2"
.\"
.\" There's some problem with having a `@'
.\" in a tagged paragraph with the BSD man macros.
.I shell\-builtin
is not a shell builtin command.
.TP
+\fBcaller\fP [\fIexpr\fP]
+Returns the context of any active subroutine call (a shell function or
+a script executed with the \fB.\fP or \fBsource\fP builtins.
+Without \fIexpr\fP, \fBcaller\fP displays the line number and source
+filename of the current subroutine call.
+If a non-negative integer is supplied as \fIexpr\fP, \fBcaller\fP
+displays the line number, subroutine name, and source file corresponding
+to that position in the current execution call stack. This extra
+information may be used, for example, to print a stack trace. The
+current frame is frame 0.
+The return value is 0 unless the shell is not executing a subroutine
+call or \fIexpr\fP does not correspond to a valid position in the
+call stack.
+.TP
\fBcd\fP [\fB\-L|-P\fP] [\fIdir\fP]
Change the current directory to \fIdir\fP. The variable
.SM
The return value is true if the directory was successfully changed;
false otherwise.
.TP
-\fBcaller\fP [\fIexpr\fP]
-Returns the context of any active subroutine call (a shell function or
-a script executed with the \fB.\fP or \fBsource\fP builtins.
-Without \fIexpr\fP, \fBcaller\fP displays the line number and source
-filename of the current subroutine call.
-If a non-negative integer is supplied as \fIexpr\fP, \fBcaller\fP
-displays the line number, subroutine name, and source file corresponding
-to that position in the current execution call stack. This extra
-information may be used, for example, to print a stack trace. The
-current frame is frame 0.
-The return value is 0 unless the shell is not executing a subroutine
-call or \fIexpr\fP does not correspond to a valid position in the
-call stack.
-.TP
\fBcommand\fP [\fB\-pVv\fP] \fIcommand\fP [\fIarg\fP ...]
Run
.I command
The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied, or no
matches were generated.
.TP
-\fBcomplete\fP [\fB\-abcdefgjksuv\fP] [\fB\-o\fP \fIcomp-option\fP] [\fB\-A\fP \fIaction\fP] [\fB\-G\fP \fIglobpat\fP] [\fB\-W\fP \fIwordlist\fP] [\fB\-F\fP \fIfunction\fP] [\fB\-C\fP \fIcommand\fP]
+\fBcomplete\fP [\fB\-abcdefgjksuv\fP] [\fB\-o\fP \fIcomp-option\fP] [\fB\-E\fP] [\fB\-A\fP \fIaction\fP] [\fB\-G\fP \fIglobpat\fP] [\fB\-W\fP \fIwordlist\fP] [\fB\-F\fP \fIfunction\fP] [\fB\-C\fP \fIcommand\fP]
.br
[\fB\-X\fP \fIfilterpat\fP] [\fB\-P\fP \fIprefix\fP] [\fB\-S\fP \fIsuffix\fP] \fIname\fP [\fIname ...\fP]
.PD 0
.TP
-\fBcomplete\fP \fB\-pr\fP [\fIname\fP ...]
+\fBcomplete\fP \fB\-pr\fP [\fB\-E\fP] [\fIname\fP ...]
.PD
Specify how arguments to each \fIname\fP should be completed.
If the \fB\-p\fP option is supplied, or if no options are supplied,
The \fB\-r\fP option removes a completion specification for
each \fIname\fP, or, if no \fIname\fPs are supplied, all
completion specifications.
+The \fB\-E\fP option indicates that the remaining options and actions should
+apply to ``empty'' command completion; that is, completion attempted on a
+blank line.
.sp 1
The process of applying these completion specifications when word completion
is attempted is described above under \fBProgrammable Completion\fP.
.I name
is not found or an invalid option is supplied.
.TP
-\fBhelp\fP [\fB\-s\fP] [\fIpattern\fP]
+\fBhelp\fP [\fB\-dms\fP] [\fIpattern\fP]
Display helpful information about builtin commands. If
.I pattern
is specified,
.IR pattern ;
otherwise help for all the builtins and shell control structures
is printed.
-The \fB\-s\fP option restricts the information displayed to a short
-usage synopsis.
+.RS
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B \-d
+Display a short description of each \fIpattern\fP
+.TP
+.B \ -m
+Display the description of each \fIpattern\fP in a manpage-like format
+.TP
+.B \-s
+Display only a short usage synopsis for each \fIpattern\fP
+.PD
+.RE
The return status is 0 unless no command matches
.IR pattern .
.TP
.B logout
Exit a login shell.
.TP
+\fBmapfile\fP [\fB\-n\fP \fIcount\fP] [\fB\-O\fP \fIorigin\fP] [\fB\-s\fP \fIcou
+nt\fP] [\fB\-t\fP] [\fB\-u\fP \fIfd\fP] [\fB\-C\fP \fIcallback\fP] [\fB\-c\fP \f
+Iquantum\fP] [\fIarray\fP]
+Read lines from the standard input into array variable
+.IR array ,
+or from file descriptor
+.IR fd
+if the
+.B \-u
+option is supplied.
+The variable \fBMAPFILE\fP is the default \fIarray\fP.
+Options, if supplied, have the following meanings:
+.RS
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B \-n
+Copy at most
+.I count
+lines. If \fIcount\fP is 0, all lines are copied.
+.TP
+.B \-O
+Begin assigning to
+.I array
+at index
+.IR origin .
+The default index is 0.
+.TP
+.B \-s
+Discard the first \fIcount\fP lines read.
+.TP
+.B \-t
+Remove a trailing line from each line read.
+.TP
+.B \-u
+Read lines from file descriptor \fIfd\fP instead of the standard input.
+.TP
+.B \-C
+Evaluate
+.I callback
+each time \fIquantum\fP lines are read. The \fB\-c\fP option specifies
+.IR quantum .
+.TP
+.B \-c
+Specify the number of lines read between each call to
+.IR callback .
+.PD
+.PP
+If
+.B \-C
+is specified without
+.BR \-c ,
+the default quantum is 5000.
+.PP
+If not supplied with an explicit origin, \fBmapfile\fP will clear \fIarray\fP
+before assigning to it.
+.PP
+\fBmapfile\fP returns successfully unless an invalid option or option
+argument is supplied, or \fIarray\fP is invalid or unassignable.
+.RE
+.TP
\fBpopd\fP [\-\fBn\fP] [+\fIn\fP] [\-\fIn\fP]
Removes entries from the directory stack. With no arguments,
removes the top directory from the stack, and performs a
.B \-f
option suppresses shell function lookup, as with the \fBcommand\fP builtin.
.B type
-returns true if any of the arguments are found, false if
-none are found.
+returns true if all of the arguments are found, false if
+any are not found.
.TP
\fBulimit\fP [\fB\-HSTabcdefilmnpqrstuvx\fP [\fIlimit\fP]]
Provides control over the resources available to the shell and to
.\" Case Western Reserve University
.\" chet@po.cwru.edu
.\"
-.\" Last Change: Thu Mar 27 22:15:12 EDT 2008
+.\" Last Change: Sat Apr 12 17:15:24 EDT 2008
.\"
.\" bash_builtins, strip all but Built-Ins section
.if \n(zZ=1 .ig zZ
.if \n(zY=1 .ig zY
-.TH BASH 1 "2008 April 5" "GNU Bash-3.2"
+.TH BASH 1 "2008 April 12" "GNU Bash-3.2"
.\"
.\" There's some problem with having a `@'
.\" in a tagged paragraph with the BSD man macros.
same location on each history line retrieved with \fBprevious-history\fP
or \fBnext-history\fP.
.TP
+.B history\-size (0)
+Set the maximum number of history entries saved in the history list. If
+set to zero, the number of entries in the history list is not limited.
+.TP
.B horizontal\-scroll\-mode (Off)
When set to \fBOn\fP, makes readline use a single line for display,
scrolling the input horizontally on a single screen line when it
.I shell\-builtin
is not a shell builtin command.
.TP
+\fBcaller\fP [\fIexpr\fP]
+Returns the context of any active subroutine call (a shell function or
+a script executed with the \fB.\fP or \fBsource\fP builtins.
+Without \fIexpr\fP, \fBcaller\fP displays the line number and source
+filename of the current subroutine call.
+If a non-negative integer is supplied as \fIexpr\fP, \fBcaller\fP
+displays the line number, subroutine name, and source file corresponding
+to that position in the current execution call stack. This extra
+information may be used, for example, to print a stack trace. The
+current frame is frame 0.
+The return value is 0 unless the shell is not executing a subroutine
+call or \fIexpr\fP does not correspond to a valid position in the
+call stack.
+.TP
\fBcd\fP [\fB\-L|-P\fP] [\fIdir\fP]
Change the current directory to \fIdir\fP. The variable
.SM
The return value is true if the directory was successfully changed;
false otherwise.
.TP
-\fBcaller\fP [\fIexpr\fP]
-Returns the context of any active subroutine call (a shell function or
-a script executed with the \fB.\fP or \fBsource\fP builtins.
-Without \fIexpr\fP, \fBcaller\fP displays the line number and source
-filename of the current subroutine call.
-If a non-negative integer is supplied as \fIexpr\fP, \fBcaller\fP
-displays the line number, subroutine name, and source file corresponding
-to that position in the current execution call stack. This extra
-information may be used, for example, to print a stack trace. The
-current frame is frame 0.
-The return value is 0 unless the shell is not executing a subroutine
-call or \fIexpr\fP does not correspond to a valid position in the
-call stack.
-.TP
\fBcommand\fP [\fB\-pVv\fP] \fIcommand\fP [\fIarg\fP ...]
Run
.I command
The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied, or no
matches were generated.
.TP
-\fBcomplete\fP [\fB\-abcdefgjksuv\fP] [\fB\-o\fP \fIcomp-option\fP] [\fB\-A\fP \fIaction\fP] [\fB\-G\fP \fIglobpat\fP] [\fB\-W\fP \fIwordlist\fP] [\fB\-F\fP \fIfunction\fP] [\fB\-C\fP \fIcommand\fP]
+\fBcomplete\fP [\fB\-abcdefgjksuv\fP] [\fB\-o\fP \fIcomp-option\fP] [\fB\-E\fP] [\fB\-A\fP \fIaction\fP] [\fB\-G\fP \fIglobpat\fP] [\fB\-W\fP \fIwordlist\fP] [\fB\-F\fP \fIfunction\fP] [\fB\-C\fP \fIcommand\fP]
.br
[\fB\-X\fP \fIfilterpat\fP] [\fB\-P\fP \fIprefix\fP] [\fB\-S\fP \fIsuffix\fP] \fIname\fP [\fIname ...\fP]
.PD 0
.TP
-\fBcomplete\fP \fB\-pr\fP [\fIname\fP ...]
+\fBcomplete\fP \fB\-pr\fP [\fB\-E\fP] [\fIname\fP ...]
.PD
Specify how arguments to each \fIname\fP should be completed.
If the \fB\-p\fP option is supplied, or if no options are supplied,
The \fB\-r\fP option removes a completion specification for
each \fIname\fP, or, if no \fIname\fPs are supplied, all
completion specifications.
+The \fB\-E\fP option indicates that the remaining options and actions should
+apply to ``empty'' command completion; that is, completion attempted on a
+blank line.
.sp 1
The process of applying these completion specifications when word completion
is attempted is described above under \fBProgrammable Completion\fP.
.I name
is not found or an invalid option is supplied.
.TP
-\fBhelp\fP [\fB\-s\fP] [\fIpattern\fP]
+\fBhelp\fP [\fB\-dms\fP] [\fIpattern\fP]
Display helpful information about builtin commands. If
.I pattern
is specified,
.IR pattern ;
otherwise help for all the builtins and shell control structures
is printed.
-The \fB\-s\fP option restricts the information displayed to a short
-usage synopsis.
+.RS
+.PD 0
+.TP
+.B \-d
+Display a short description of each \fIpattern\fP
+.TP
+.B \ -m
+Display the description of each \fIpattern\fP in a manpage-like format
+.TP
+.B \-s
+Display only a short usage synopsis for each \fIpattern\fP
+.PD
+.RE
The return status is 0 unless no command matches
.IR pattern .
.TP
.B \-f
option suppresses shell function lookup, as with the \fBcommand\fP builtin.
.B type
-returns true if any of the arguments are found, false if
-none are found.
+returns true if all of the arguments are found, false if
+any are not found.
.TP
\fBulimit\fP [\fB\-HSTabcdefilmnpqrstuvx\fP [\fIlimit\fP]]
Provides control over the resources available to the shell and to
</HEAD>
<BODY><TABLE WIDTH=100%>
<TR>
-<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>BASH(1)<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2008 February 22<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
+<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>BASH(1)<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2008 April 5<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
</TR>
</TABLE>
<BR><A HREF="#index">Index</A>
exit status of the last command executed.
<P>
-The control operators
-<B>&&</B>
-
-and
-<B>||</B>
-
-denote AND lists and OR lists, respectively.
+AND and OR lists are sequences of one of more pipelines separated by the
+<B>&&</B> and <B>||</B> control operators, respectively.
+AND and OR lists are executed with left associativity.
An AND list has the form
<DL COMPACT><DT><DD>
<P>
is executed if and only if
<I>command1</I>
-returns a non-zero exit status. The return status of
+returns a non-zero exit status.
+The return status of
AND and OR lists is the exit status of the last command
executed in the list.
<A NAME="lbAO"> </A>
<DT><B>BASHPID</B>
<DD>
-Expands to the process id of the current bash process.
+Expands to the process id of the current <B>bash</B> process.
This differs from <B>$$</B> under certain circumstances, such as subshells
-that do not require bash to be re-initialized.
+that do not require <B>bash</B> to be re-initialized.
<DT><B>BASH_ARGC</B>
<DD>
An array variable whose values are the number of parameters in each
-frame of the current bash execution call stack.
+frame of the current <B>bash</B> execution call stack.
The number of
parameters to the current subroutine (shell function or script executed
with <B>.</B> or <B>source</B>) is at the top of the stack.
<DT><B>BASH_ARGV</B>
<DD>
-An array variable containing all of the parameters in the current bash
+An array variable containing all of the parameters in the current <B>bash</B>
execution call stack. The final parameter of the last subroutine call
is at the top of the stack; the first parameter of the initial call is
at the bottom. When a subroutine is executed, the parameters supplied
If set to <B>on</B>, the history code attempts to place point at the
same location on each history line retrieved with <B>previous-history</B>
or <B>next-history</B>.
+<DT><B>history-size (0)</B>
+
+<DD>
+Set the maximum number of history entries saved in the history list. If
+set to zero, the number of entries in the history list is not limited.
<DT><B>horizontal-scroll-mode (Off)</B>
<DD>
an error occurs adding a completion specification.
</DL>
+<DT><B>compopt</B> [<B>-o</B> <I>option</I>] [<B>+o</B> <I>option</I>] [<I>name</I>]<DD>
+Modify completion options for each <I>name</I> according to the
+<I>option</I>s, or for the
+currently-execution completion if no <I>name</I>s are supplied.
+If no <I>option</I>s are given, display the completion options for each
+<I>name</I> or the current completion.
+The possible values of <I>option</I> are those valid for the <B>complete</B>
+builtin described above.
+</DL>
+<P>
+
+The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied, an attempt
+is made to modify the options for a <I>name</I> for which no completion
+specification exists, or an output error occurs.
+<DL COMPACT>
<DT><B>continue</B> [<I>n</I>]<DD>
Resume the next iteration of the enclosing
<B>for</B>,
When
<B>-p</B>
-is used, additional options are ignored.
+is used with <I>name</I> arguments, additional options are ignored.
+When
+<B>-p</B>
+
+is supplied without <I>name</I> arguments, it will display the attributes
+and values of all variables having the attributes specified by the
+additional options.
+If no other options are supplied with <B>-p</B>, <B>declare</B> will display
+the attributes and values of all shell variables. The <B>-f</B> option
+will restrict the display to shell functions.
The
<B>-F</B>
The return status is 0 unless an error occurs while
reading the name of the current directory or an
invalid option is supplied.
-<DT><B>read</B> [<B>-ers</B>] [<B>-a</B> <I>aname</I>] [<B>-d</B> <I>delim</I>] [<B>-n</B> <I>nchars</I>] [<B>-p</B> <I>prompt</I>] [<B>-t</B> <I>timeout</I>] [<B>-u</B> <I>fd</I>] [<I>name</I> ...]<DD>
+<DT><B>read</B> [<B>-ers</B>] [<B>-a</B> <I>aname</I>] [<B>-d</B> <I>delim</I>] [- <I>text</I>] [<B>-n</B> <I>nchars</I>] [<B>-p</B> <I>prompt</I>] [<B>-t</B> <I>timeout</I>] [<B>-u</B> <I>fd</I>] [<I>name</I> ...]<DD>
One line is read from the standard input, or from the file descriptor
<I>fd</I> supplied as an argument to the <B>-u</B> option, and the first word
is assigned to the first
</FONT>
above) is used to obtain the line.
+<DT><B>-i </B><I>text</I>
+
+<DD>
+If
+<B>readline</B>
+
+is being used to read the line, <I>text</I> is placed into the editing
+buffer before editing begins.
<DT><B>-n </B><I>nchars</I>
<DD>
<DT><B>checkjobs</B>
<DD>
-If set, bash lists the status of any stopped and running jobs before
+If set, <B>bash</B> lists the status of any stopped and running jobs before
exiting an interactive shell. If any jobs are running, this causes
the exit to be deferred until a second exit is attempted without an
intervening command (see <B>JOB CONTROL</B> above). The shell always
returns true if any of the arguments are found, false if
none are found.
-<DT><B>ulimit</B> [<B>-SHacdefilmnpqrstuvx</B> [<I>limit</I>]]<DD>
+<DT><B>ulimit</B> [<B>-HSTabcdefilmnpqrstuvx</B> [<I>limit</I>]]<DD>
Provides control over the resources available to the shell and to
processes started by it, on systems that allow such control.
The <B>-H</B> and <B>-S</B> options specify that the hard or soft limit is
<DD>
All current limits are reported
+<DT><B>-b</B>
+
+<DD>
+The maximum socket buffer size
<DT><B>-c</B>
<DD>
<DD>
The maximum number of file locks
+<DT><B>-T</B>
+
+<DD>
+The maximum number of threads
</DL>
<P>
which is in units of 512-byte blocks,
and
-<B>-n</B>
+<B>-T</B>,
+
+<B>-b</B>,
+
+<B>-n</B>,
and
<B>-u</B>,
<HR>
<TABLE WIDTH=100%>
<TR>
-<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>GNU Bash-3.2<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2008 February 22<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
+<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>GNU Bash-3.2<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2008 April 5<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
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This document was created by man2html from bash.1.<BR>
-Time: 04 March 2008 08:38:15 EST
+Time: 08 April 2008 09:50:33 EDT
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(each element of this list in turn, and)144 573.6 R F2(list)3.153 E F0
.653(is e)3.153 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .653(cuted each time.).15 F .653
(If the)5.653 F F1(in)3.153 E F2(wor)3.153 E(d)-.37 E F0 .653
-(is omitted, the)3.153 F F1 -.25(fo)3.153 G(r).25 E F0 .648(command e)
-144 585.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G(cutes).15 E F2(list)3.148 E F0 .648
+(is omitted, the)3.153 F F1 -.25(fo)3.153 G(r).25 E F0 .649(command e)
+144 585.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G(cutes).15 E F2(list)3.149 E F0 .648
(once for each positional parameter that is set \(see)3.148 F F3 -.666
-(PA)3.149 G(RAMETERS).666 E F0(belo)2.899 E(w\).)-.25 E .154
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(The return status is the e)144 597.6 R .153
-(xit status of the last command that e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.653
-(cutes. If).15 F .153(the e)2.653 F .153(xpansion of the items)-.15 F
+(xit status of the last command that e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.654
+(cutes. If).15 F .154(the e)2.654 F .154(xpansion of the items)-.15 F
(follo)144 609.6 Q(wing)-.25 E F1(in)2.5 E F0
(results in an empty list, no commands are e)2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G
(cuted, and the return status is 0.).15 E F1 -.25(fo)108 626.4 S(r).25 E
F0(\(\()2.5 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(;)2.5 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2
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-(list)2.5 E F0(;)2.5 E F1(done)2.5 E F0 1.235(First, the arithmetic e)
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-3.735 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.236
-(luated according to the rules described belo).25 F 3.736(wu)-.25 G
-(nder)-3.736 E F3 .562(ARITHMETIC EV)144 650.4 R(ALU)-1.215 E -.855(AT)
--.54 G(ION).855 E F4(.)A F0 .562(The arithmetic e)5.062 F(xpression)-.15
-E F2 -.2(ex)3.062 G(pr2).2 E F0 .561(is then e)3.061 F -.25(va)-.25 G
-.561(luated repeatedly until).25 F .591(it e)144 662.4 R -.25(va)-.25 G
-.591(luates to zero.).25 F .592(Each time)5.591 F F2 -.2(ex)3.092 G(pr2)
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+E F2 -.2(ex)3.061 G(pr2).2 E F0 .562(is then e)3.062 F -.25(va)-.25 G
+.562(luated repeatedly until).25 F .592(it e)144 662.4 R -.25(va)-.25 G
+.592(luates to zero.).25 F .592(Each time)5.592 F F2 -.2(ex)3.092 G(pr2)
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-(cuted and the arith-).15 F .229(metic e)144 674.4 R(xpression)-.15 E F2
--.2(ex)2.729 G(pr3).2 E F0 .229(is e)2.729 F -.25(va)-.25 G 2.729
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(luated. If).25 F(an)2.729 E 2.729(ye)-.15 G .229
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-(alue is the e)-.25 F .227(xit status of the last command in)-.15 F F2
-(list)2.728 E F0 .228(that is e)2.728 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .228(cuted, or f)
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E -.15(ex)144 698.4 S(pressions is in).15 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid.).25 E
-(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2008 February 22)138.46 E(5)193.45 E 0 Cg EP
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(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1(in)2.5 E F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0 2.5(];)2.5 G
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-96 R .433(ords follo)-.1 F(wing)-.25 E F1(in)2.933 E F0 .432(is e)2.933
-F .432(xpanded, generating a list of items.)-.15 F .432(The set of e)
-5.432 F .432(xpanded w)-.15 F(ords)-.1 E .842
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+96 R .432(ords follo)-.1 F(wing)-.25 E F1(in)2.932 E F0 .432(is e)2.932
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(is printed on the standard error)144 108 R 3.342(,e)-.4 G .842
(ach preceded by a number)-3.342 F 5.842(.I)-.55 G 3.342(ft)-5.842 G(he)
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+(prompt is then displayed and a)2.564 F .214
(line read from the standard input.)144 132 R .213
-(If the line consists of a number corresponding to one of the dis-)5.213
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-(ain. If)-.05 F .065(EOF is read, the command completes.)2.565 F(An)
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-F F2(name)144 168 Q F0 .76(to be set to null.)3.44 F .76
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-.759(cuted after).15 F .071(each selection until a)144 180 R F1(br)2.571
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+F 1.537(played w)144 144 R 1.537(ords, then the v)-.1 F 1.537(alue of)
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+F F2(name)144 168 Q F0 .759(to be set to null.)3.439 F .759
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+(eak)-.18 E F0 .071(command is e)2.571 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.571
(cuted. The).15 F -.15(ex)2.571 G .071(it status of).15 F F1(select)
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(last command e)144 192 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted in).15 E F2(list)2.5 E F0
2.5(,o).68 G 2.5(rz)-2.5 G(ero if no commands were e)-2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15
G(cuted.).15 E F1(case)108 208.8 Q F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F1(in)2.5 E F0
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-(command \214rst e)3.265 F(xpands)-.15 E F2(wor)3.264 E(d)-.37 E F0
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3.264(,a)C .764(nd tries to match it ag)-3.264 F .764(ainst each)-.05 F
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(same matching rules as for pathname e)144 232.8 R .595(xpansion \(see)
--.15 F F1 -.1(Pa)3.095 G .596(thname Expansion).1 F F0(belo)3.096 E
-3.096(w\). The)-.25 F F2(wor)3.096 E(d)-.37 E F0(is)3.096 E -.15(ex)144
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244.8 S 1.092(panded using tilde e).15 F 1.092
(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F 1.092(ariable e)-.25 F 1.092
(xpansion, arithmetic substitution, com-)-.15 F 1.268
(mand substitution, process substitution and quote remo)144 256.8 R -.25
(va)-.15 G 3.768(l. Each).25 F F2(pattern)3.768 E F0 -.15(ex)3.768 G
-1.269(amined is e).15 F(xpanded)-.15 E .353(using tilde e)144 268.8 R
+1.268(amined is e).15 F(xpanded)-.15 E .353(using tilde e)144 268.8 R
.353(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .353(ariable e)-.25 F .353
-(xpansion, arithmetic substitution, command substi-)-.15 F 1.516
-(tution, and process substitution.)144 280.8 R 1.516
-(If the shell option)6.516 F F1(nocasematch)4.016 E F0 1.517
-(is enabled, the match is per)4.017 F(-)-.2 E 1.347(formed without re)
-144 292.8 R -.05(ga)-.15 G 1.347
-(rd to the case of alphabetic characters.).05 F 1.346
+(xpansion, arithmetic substitution, command substi-)-.15 F 1.517
+(tution, and process substitution.)144 280.8 R 1.517
+(If the shell option)6.517 F F1(nocasematch)4.016 E F0 1.516
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+(rd to the case of alphabetic characters.).05 F 1.347
(When a match is found, the corre-)6.347 F(sponding)144 304.8 Q F2(list)
-3.579 E F0 1.079(is e)3.579 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.579(cuted. After).15 F
-1.079(the \214rst match, no subsequent matches are attempted.)3.579 F
-1.08(The e)6.08 F(xit)-.15 E .006(status is zero if no pattern matches.)
-144 316.8 R .006(Otherwise, it is the e)5.006 F .006
-(xit status of the last command e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .006(cuted in)
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+(the \214rst match, no subsequent matches are attempted.)3.579 F 1.079
+(The e)6.079 F(xit)-.15 E .006(status is zero if no pattern matches.)144
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+(xit status of the last command e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .007(cuted in)
.15 F F2(list)144 328.8 Q F0(.)A F1(if)108 345.6 Q F2(list)2.5 E F0(;)A
F1(then)2.5 E F2(list;)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1(elif)2.5 E F2(list)2.5 E F0
(;)A F1(then)2.5 E F2(list)2.5 E F0 2.5(;].)C(.. [)-2.5 E F1(else)2.5 E
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-(list)3.067 E F0 .478(is e)3.658 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.978(cuted. If).15 F
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+(list)3.068 E F0 .478(is e)3.658 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.978(cuted. If).15 F
.478(its e)2.978 F .478(xit status is zero, the)-.15 F F1(then)2.978 E
F2(list)2.978 E F0 .478(is e)2.978 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.978
-(cuted. Otherwise,).15 F(each)2.978 E F1(elif)2.978 E F2(list)2.978 E F0
-1.088(is e)144 369.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.088(cuted in turn, and if its e)
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.15 F 1.087(xit status is zero, the corresponding)-.15 F F1(then)3.587 E
-F2(list)3.587 E F0 1.087(is e)3.587 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.087
-(cuted and the).15 F .103(command completes.)144 381.6 R .103
-(Otherwise, the)5.103 F F1(else)2.603 E F2(list)2.603 E F0 .103(is e)
+F2(list)3.587 E F0 1.088(is e)3.588 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.088
+(cuted and the).15 F .104(command completes.)144 381.6 R .103
+(Otherwise, the)5.104 F F1(else)2.603 E F2(list)2.603 E F0 .103(is e)
2.603 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .103(cuted, if present.).15 F .103(The e)5.103 F
-.103(xit status is the e)-.15 F .104(xit sta-)-.15 F
+.103(xit status is the e)-.15 F .103(xit sta-)-.15 F
(tus of the last command e)144 393.6 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G
(cuted, or zero if no condition tested true.).15 E F1(while)108 410.4 Q
F2(list)2.5 E F0(;)A F1(do)2.5 E F2(list)2.5 E F0(;)A F1(done)2.5 E
(until)108 422.4 Q F2(list)2.5 E F0(;)A F1(do)2.5 E F2(list)2.5 E F0(;)A
-F1(done)2.5 E F0(The)144 434.4 Q F1(while)3.104 E F0 .603
-(command continuously e)3.104 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .603(cutes the).15 F F1
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+(command continuously e)3.103 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .603(cutes the).15 F F1
(do)3.103 E F2(list)3.103 E F0 .603(as long as the last command in)3.103
-F F2(list)3.103 E F0(returns)3.103 E .47(an e)144 446.4 R .47
-(xit status of zero.)-.15 F(The)5.47 E F1(until)2.97 E F0 .471
-(command is identical to the)2.97 F F1(while)2.971 E F0 .471(command, e)
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--.15 G .096(ted; the).05 F F1(do)2.596 E F2(list)2.686 E F0 .095(is e)
-3.276 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .095(cuted as long as the last command in).15 F
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-F 1.307(xit status of the last)-.15 F F1(do)3.807 E F2(list)3.807 E F0
-(command)3.807 E -.15(exe)144 482.4 S(cuted, or zero if none w).15 E
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+F 1.306(xit status of the last)-.15 F F1(do)3.806 E F2(list)3.806 E F0
+(command)3.806 E -.15(exe)144 482.4 S(cuted, or zero if none w).15 E
(as e)-.1 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1(Shell Function De\214nitions)
-87 499.2 Q F0 2.698(As)108 511.2 S .198
-(hell function is an object that is called lik)-2.698 F 2.698(eas)-.1 G
-.198(imple command and e)-2.698 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .197
+87 499.2 Q F0 2.697(As)108 511.2 S .198
+(hell function is an object that is called lik)-2.697 F 2.698(eas)-.1 G
+.198(imple command and e)-2.698 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .198
(cutes a compound command with).15 F 2.5(an)108 523.2 S .5 -.25(ew s)
-2.5 H(et of positional parameters.).25 E
(Shell functions are declared as follo)5 E(ws:)-.25 E([)108 540 Q F1
(function)2.5 E F0(])2.5 E F2(name)2.5 E F0(\(\))2.5 E F2
(compound\255command)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2 -.37(re)C(dir).37 E(ection)-.37
-E F0(])A 1.402(This de\214nes a function named)144 552 R F2(name)3.902 E
+E F0(])A 1.403(This de\214nes a function named)144 552 R F2(name)3.902 E
F0 6.402(.T)C 1.402(he reserv)-6.402 F 1.402(ed w)-.15 F(ord)-.1 E F1
-(function)3.902 E F0 1.402(is optional.)3.902 F 1.403(If the)6.402 F F1
-(function)3.903 E F0(reserv)144 564 Q .162(ed w)-.15 F .162
+(function)3.902 E F0 1.402(is optional.)3.902 F 1.402(If the)6.402 F F1
+(function)3.902 E F0(reserv)144 564 Q .162(ed w)-.15 F .162
(ord is supplied, the parentheses are optional.)-.1 F(The)5.162 E F2
(body)2.662 E F0 .162(of the function is the compound)2.662 F(command)
144 576 Q F2(compound\255command)2.784 E F0(\(see)3.354 E F1 .084
(of commands between { and }, b)2.544 F .044(ut may be an)-.2 F 2.544
(yc)-.15 G .044(ommand listed under)-2.544 F F1 .044(Compound Commands)
2.544 F F0(abo)144 600 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F2(compound\255command)
-6.67 E F0 1.67(is e)4.17 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.671(cuted whene).15 F -.15
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(w\), the v)-.25 F(ariable')-.25 E 2.685(sv)-.55 G .185
-(alue is not unset \(as it is when using =\), and ne)-2.935 F 2.686(wv)
--.25 G .186(alues are)-2.936 F .32(appended to the array be)108 283.2 R
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.32(ginning at one greater than the array')-.15 F 2.82(sm)-.55 G .32
(aximum inde)-2.82 F 2.82(x. When)-.15 F .32(applied to a string-)2.82 F
-.25(va)108 295.2 S(lued v).25 E(ariable,)-.25 E F3(value)2.5 E F0(is e)
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-108 324 Q F3 .705(positional par)4.455 F(ameter)-.15 E F0 .706(is a par\
+108 324 Q F3 .706(positional par)4.456 F(ameter)-.15 E F0 .706(is a par\
ameter denoted by one or more digits, other than the single digit 0.)
-3.935 F(Posi-)5.706 E .445
+3.936 F(Posi-)5.705 E .444
(tional parameters are assigned from the shell')108 336 R 2.944(sa)-.55
G -.18(rg)-2.944 G .444(uments when it is in).18 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke)
-.2 G .444(d, and may be reassigned using).1 F(the)108 348 Q F1(set)3.333
-E F0 -.2(bu)3.333 G .833(iltin command.).2 F .834(Positional parameters\
- may not be assigned to with assignment statements.)5.833 F(The)5.834 E
+.2 G .445(d, and may be reassigned using).1 F(the)108 348 Q F1(set)3.334
+E F0 -.2(bu)3.334 G .834(iltin command.).2 F .833(Positional parameters\
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-on is e)108 360 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .333(cuted \(see).15 F F2(FUNCTIONS)
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-onsisting of more than a single digit is e)108 376.8 R 1.404
+on is e)108 360 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .334(cuted \(see).15 F F2(FUNCTIONS)
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(xpanded, it must be enclosed in)-.15 F(braces \(see)108 388.8 Q F2(EXP)
2.5 E(ANSION)-.666 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(Special P)87 405.6 Q
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(hese parameters may only be referenced; assignment to)-6.675 F
-(them is not allo)108 429.6 Q(wed.)-.25 E F1(*)108 441.6 Q F0 .605
-(Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one.)31 F .606
-(When the e)5.605 F .606(xpansion occurs within dou-)-.15 F .084
+(them is not allo)108 429.6 Q(wed.)-.25 E F1(*)108 441.6 Q F0 .606
+(Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one.)31 F .605
+(When the e)5.605 F .605(xpansion occurs within dou-)-.15 F .083
(ble quotes, it e)144 453.6 R .084(xpands to a single w)-.15 F .084
(ord with the v)-.1 F .084
(alue of each parameter separated by the \214rst char)-.25 F(-)-.2 E
-.003(acter of the)144 465.6 R F2(IFS)2.503 E F0 .003(special v)2.253 F
+.004(acter of the)144 465.6 R F2(IFS)2.503 E F0 .003(special v)2.253 F
2.503(ariable. That)-.25 F .003(is, ")2.503 F F1($*)A F0 2.503("i)C
2.503(se)-2.503 G(qui)-2.503 E -.25(va)-.25 G .003(lent to ").25 F F1
($1)A F3(c)A F1($2)A F3(c)A F1(...)A F0 .003(", where)B F3(c)2.703 E F0
-.004(is the \214rst char)2.813 F(-)-.2 E .769(acter of the v)144 477.6 R
-.769(alue of the)-.25 F F2(IFS)3.269 E F0 -.25(va)3.019 G 3.269
-(riable. If).25 F F2(IFS)3.268 E F0 .768
-(is unset, the parameters are separated by spaces.)3.018 F(If)5.768 E F2
+.003(is the \214rst char)2.813 F(-)-.2 E .768(acter of the v)144 477.6 R
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+(riable. If).25 F F2(IFS)3.268 E F0 .769
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(IFS)144 489.6 Q F0(is null, the parameters are joined without interv)
-2.25 E(ening separators.)-.15 E F1(@)108 501.6 Q F0 .605
-(Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one.)26.7 F .606
-(When the e)5.605 F .606(xpansion occurs within dou-)-.15 F .114
-(ble quotes, each parameter e)144 513.6 R .114(xpands to a separate w)
--.15 F 2.614(ord. That)-.1 F .113(is, ")2.613 F F1($@)A F0 2.613("i)C
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-($1)A F0 2.613("")C F1($2)-2.613 E F0 2.613(".)C(..)-2.613 E .134
-(If the double-quoted e)144 525.6 R .134(xpansion occurs within a w)-.15
-F .135(ord, the e)-.1 F .135
-(xpansion of the \214rst parameter is joined)-.15 F .151(with the be)144
-537.6 R .151(ginning part of the original w)-.15 F .151(ord, and the e)
--.1 F .15(xpansion of the last parameter is joined with)-.15 F .337
-(the last part of the original w)144 549.6 R 2.837(ord. When)-.1 F .338
-(there are no positional parameters, ")2.837 F F1($@)A F0 2.838("a)C(nd)
--2.838 E F1($@)2.838 E F0 -.15(ex)2.838 G(pand).15 E
+2.25 E(ening separators.)-.15 E F1(@)108 501.6 Q F0 .606
+(Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one.)26.7 F .605
+(When the e)5.605 F .605(xpansion occurs within dou-)-.15 F .113
+(ble quotes, each parameter e)144 513.6 R .113(xpands to a separate w)
+-.15 F 2.614(ord. That)-.1 F .114(is, ")2.614 F F1($@)A F0 2.614("i)C
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+($1)A F0 2.614("")C F1($2)-2.614 E F0 2.614(".)C(..)-2.614 E .135
+(If the double-quoted e)144 525.6 R .135(xpansion occurs within a w)-.15
+F .135(ord, the e)-.1 F .134
+(xpansion of the \214rst parameter is joined)-.15 F .15(with the be)144
+537.6 R .15(ginning part of the original w)-.15 F .151(ord, and the e)
+-.1 F .151(xpansion of the last parameter is joined with)-.15 F .338
+(the last part of the original w)144 549.6 R 2.838(ord. When)-.1 F .337
+(there are no positional parameters, ")2.838 F F1($@)A F0 2.837("a)C(nd)
+-2.837 E F1($@)2.837 E F0 -.15(ex)2.837 G(pand).15 E
(to nothing \(i.e., the)144 561.6 Q 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re remo)-2.5 E -.15
(ve)-.15 G(d\).).15 E F1(#)108 573.6 Q F0
(Expands to the number of positional parameters in decimal.)31 E F1(?)
108 585.6 Q F0(Expands to the e)31 E(xit status of the most recently e)
-.15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted fore).15 E(ground pipeline.)-.15 E F1<ad>108
-597.6 Q F0 .882
+597.6 Q F0 .881
(Expands to the current option \215ags as speci\214ed upon in)30.3 F -.2
-(vo)-.4 G .881(cation, by the).2 F F1(set)3.381 E F0 -.2(bu)3.381 G .881
+(vo)-.4 G .881(cation, by the).2 F F1(set)3.382 E F0 -.2(bu)3.382 G .882
(iltin command, or).2 F(those set by the shell itself \(such as the)144
609.6 Q F1<ad69>2.5 E F0(option\).)2.5 E F1($)108 621.6 Q F0 .214
(Expands to the process ID of the shell.)31 F .214
(shell, not the subshell.)144 633.6 Q F1(!)108 645.6 Q F0
(Expands to the process ID of the most recently e)32.67 E -.15(xe)-.15 G
(cuted background \(asynchronous\) command.).15 E F1(0)108 657.6 Q F0
-1.692(Expands to the name of the shell or shell script.)31 F 1.691
-(This is set at shell initialization.)6.692 F(If)6.691 E F1(bash)4.191 E
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-(ith a \214le of commands,)-3.077 F F1($0)3.077 E F0 .578
-(is set to the name of that \214le.)3.077 F(If)5.578 E F1(bash)3.078 E
-F0 .578(is started with the)3.078 F F1<ad63>3.078 E F0 .369
+1.691(Expands to the name of the shell or shell script.)31 F 1.692
+(This is set at shell initialization.)6.692 F(If)6.692 E F1(bash)4.192 E
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+(ith a \214le of commands,)-3.078 F F1($0)3.078 E F0 .578
+(is set to the name of that \214le.)3.078 F(If)5.577 E F1(bash)3.077 E
+F0 .577(is started with the)3.077 F F1<ad63>3.077 E F0 .368
(option, then)144 681.6 R F1($0)2.869 E F0 .369
(is set to the \214rst ar)2.869 F .369(gument after the string to be e)
--.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .369(cuted, if one is present.).15 F(Other)5.368 E
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(-)-.2 E(wise, it is set to the \214le name used to in)144 693.6 Q -.2
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-F1(_)108 705.6 Q F0 .054
+F1(_)108 705.6 Q F0 .055
(At shell startup, set to the absolute pathname used to in)31 F -.2(vo)
--.4 G .255 -.1(ke t).2 H .055(he shell or shell script being e).1 F -.15
-(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E .692(as passed in the en)144 717.6 R .692
+-.4 G .255 -.1(ke t).2 H .054(he shell or shell script being e).1 F -.15
+(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E .691(as passed in the en)144 717.6 R .691
(vironment or ar)-.4 F .691(gument list.)-.18 F(Subsequently)5.691 E
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--.18 F(pre)144 729.6 Q .57(vious command, after e)-.25 F 3.07
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--.2(vo)-.4 G .771 -.1(ke e).2 H .571(ach command).1 F(GNU Bash-3.2)72
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%%Page: 9 9
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
-.25 E F1 -.3(BA)108 141.6 S(SH).3 E F0
(Expands to the full \214le name used to in)9.07 E -.2(vo)-.4 G .2 -.1
(ke t).2 H(his instance of).1 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.3(BA)108 153.6
-S(SHPID).3 E F0 .465
-(Expands to the process id of the current bash process.)144 165.6 R .466
-(This dif)5.466 F .466(fers from)-.25 F F1($$)2.966 E F0 .466
-(under certain circum-)2.966 F(stances, such as subshells that do not r\
-equire bash to be re-initialized.)144 177.6 Q F1 -.3(BA)108 189.6 S
-(SH_ARGC).3 E F0 1.04(An array v)144 201.6 R 1.04(ariable whose v)-.25 F
-1.039
-(alues are the number of parameters in each frame of the current bash)
--.25 F -.15(exe)144 213.6 S .535(cution call stack.).15 F .535(The numb\
-er of parameters to the current subroutine \(shell function or script)
-5.535 F -.15(exe)144 225.6 S .142(cuted with).15 F F1(.)2.642 E F0(or)
-2.642 E F1(sour)2.642 E(ce)-.18 E F0 2.642(\)i)C 2.642(sa)-2.642 G 2.642
-(tt)-2.642 G .142(he top of the stack.)-2.642 F .141
-(When a subroutine is e)5.141 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .141
-(cuted, the number of).15 F 1.524(parameters passed is pushed onto)144
+S(SHPID).3 E F0 .361(Expands to the process id of the current)144 165.6
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+E F0(to be re-initialized.)2.5 E F1 -.3(BA)108 189.6 S(SH_ARGC).3 E F0
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+(alues are the number of parameters in each frame of the current)-.25 F
+F1(bash)3.435 E F0 -.15(exe)144 213.6 S .535(cution call stack.).15 F
+.535(The number of parameters to the current subroutine \(shell functio\
+n or script)5.535 F -.15(exe)144 225.6 S .141(cuted with).15 F F1(.)
+2.641 E F0(or)2.641 E F1(sour)2.641 E(ce)-.18 E F0 2.641(\)i)C 2.641(sa)
+-2.641 G 2.641(tt)-2.641 G .142(he top of the stack.)-2.641 F .142
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+(cuted, the number of).15 F 1.525(parameters passed is pushed onto)144
237.6 R F1 -.3(BA)4.024 G(SH_ARGC).3 E F0 6.524(.T)C 1.524
-(he shell sets)-6.524 F F1 -.3(BA)4.024 G(SH_ARGC).3 E F0 1.525
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(only when in)4.024 F -.15(ex)144 249.6 S(tended deb).15 E
(ugging mode \(see the description of the)-.2 E F1(extdeb)2.5 E(ug)-.2 E
F0(option to the)2.5 E F1(shopt)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin belo).2 E
-(w\))-.25 E F1 -.3(BA)108 261.6 S(SH_ARGV).3 E F0 1.092(An array v)144
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-(ariable containing all of the parameters in the current bash e)-.25 F
--.15(xe)-.15 G 1.091(cution call stack.).15 F(The)6.091 E .275(\214nal \
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-\214rst parameter of the initial)144 285.6 R 1.424
-(call is at the bottom.)144 297.6 R 1.424(When a subroutine is e)6.424 F
--.15(xe)-.15 G 1.424(cuted, the parameters supplied are pushed onto).15
-F F1 -.3(BA)144 309.6 S(SH_ARGV).3 E F0 6.09(.T)C 1.09(he shell sets)
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-(description of the)144 321.6 Q F1(extdeb)2.5 E(ug)-.2 E F0
-(option to the)2.5 E F1(shopt)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin belo).2 E(w\))
--.25 E F1 -.3(BA)108 333.6 S(SH_COMMAND).3 E F0 1.243
-(The command currently being e)144 345.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.243
-(cuted or about to be e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.242
-(cuted, unless the shell is e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.242(cuting a).15 F
+(w\))-.25 E F1 -.3(BA)108 261.6 S(SH_ARGV).3 E F0 .979(An array v)144
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+1.424(call is at the bottom.)144 297.6 R 1.424(When a subroutine is e)
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+(xtended deb)-.15 F 1.09(ugging mode \(see the)-.2 F(description of the)
+144 321.6 Q F1(extdeb)2.5 E(ug)-.2 E F0(option to the)2.5 E F1(shopt)2.5
+E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin belo).2 E(w\))-.25 E F1 -.3(BA)108 333.6 S
+(SH_COMMAND).3 E F0 1.242(The command currently being e)144 345.6 R -.15
+(xe)-.15 G 1.243(cuted or about to be e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.243
+(cuted, unless the shell is e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.243(cuting a).15 F
(command as the result of a trap, in which case it is the command e)144
357.6 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting at the time of the trap.).15 E F1 -.3(BA)
108 369.6 S(SH_EXECUTION_STRING).3 E F0(The command ar)144 381.6 Q
(gument to the)-.18 E F1<ad63>2.5 E F0(in)2.5 E -.2(vo)-.4 G
(cation option.).2 E F1 -.3(BA)108 393.6 S(SH_LINENO).3 E F0 .034
(An array v)144 405.6 R .034(ariable whose members are the line numbers\
- in source \214les corresponding to each mem-)-.25 F 2.945(ber of)144
-417.6 R F1(FUNCN)5.445 E(AME)-.2 E F0(.)A F1(${B)7.944 E(ASH_LINENO[)-.3
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+417.6 R F1(FUNCN)5.444 E(AME)-.2 E F0(.)A F1(${B)7.944 E(ASH_LINENO[)-.3
E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF($i)A F1(]})A F0 2.944
(is the line number in the source \214le where)5.444 F F1(${FUNCN)144
-429.6 Q(AME[)-.2 E F2($i)A F1(]})A F0 -.1(wa)3.311 G 3.311(sc).1 G .811
+429.6 Q(AME[)-.2 E F2($i)A F1(]})A F0 -.1(wa)3.312 G 3.311(sc).1 G .811
(alled \(or)-3.311 F F1(${B)3.311 E(ASH_LINENO[)-.3 E F2($i-1)A F1(]})A
F0 .811(if referenced within another shell)3.311 F 4.512
(function\). The)144 441.6 R 2.012(corresponding source \214le name is)
4.512 F F1(${B)4.512 E(ASH_SOURCE[)-.3 E F2($i)A F1 4.512(]}. Use)B
2.012(LINENO to)4.512 F(obtain the curr)144 453.6 Q(ent line number)-.18
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-(element with inde)2.507 F 2.507(x0i)-.15 G 2.507(st)-2.507 G .007
-(he portion of the string matching the entire re)-2.507 F .006(gular e)
--.15 F(xpression.)-.15 E .997(The element with inde)144 501.6 R(x)-.15 E
-F2(n)3.497 E F0 .997(is the portion of the string matching the)3.497 F
-F2(n)3.498 E F0 .998(th parenthesized sube)B(xpres-)-.15 E 2.5
+E(.)-1 E -.3(BA)108 465.6 S(SH_REMA).3 E(TCH)-.95 E F0 .006(An array v)
+144 477.6 R .006(ariable whose members are assigned by the)-.25 F F1(=~)
+2.506 E F0 .005(binary operator to the)2.506 F F1([[)2.505 E F0 .005
+(conditional com-)2.505 F 2.506(mand. The)144 489.6 R .007
+(element with inde)2.506 F 2.507(x0i)-.15 G 2.507(st)-2.507 G .007
+(he portion of the string matching the entire re)-2.507 F .007(gular e)
+-.15 F(xpression.)-.15 E .998(The element with inde)144 501.6 R(x)-.15 E
+F2(n)3.498 E F0 .997(is the portion of the string matching the)3.498 F
+F2(n)3.497 E F0 .997(th parenthesized sube)B(xpres-)-.15 E 2.5
(sion. This)144 513.6 R -.25(va)2.5 G(riable is read-only).25 E(.)-.65 E
-F1 -.3(BA)108 525.6 S(SH_SOURCE).3 E F0 .89(An array v)144 537.6 R .889
+F1 -.3(BA)108 525.6 S(SH_SOURCE).3 E F0 .889(An array v)144 537.6 R .889
(ariable whose members are the source \214lenames corresponding to the \
elements in the)-.25 F F1(FUNCN)144 549.6 Q(AME)-.2 E F0(array v)2.5 E
-(ariable.)-.25 E F1 -.3(BA)108 561.6 S(SH_SUBSHELL).3 E F0 .401
+(ariable.)-.25 E F1 -.3(BA)108 561.6 S(SH_SUBSHELL).3 E F0 .402
(Incremented by one each time a subshell or subshell en)144 573.6 R .401
-(vironment is spa)-.4 F 2.902(wned. The)-.15 F .402(initial v)2.902 F
-.402(alue is)-.25 F(0.)144 585.6 Q F1 -.3(BA)108 597.6 S(SH_VERSINFO).3
-E F0 2.645(Ar)144 609.6 S .145(eadonly array v)-2.645 F .144
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(ilable only in shell functions in).25 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.681
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(ot).15 G .666(he be)-3.166 F .666(ginning of the current command.)-.15
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-(${#COMP_LINE})144 283.2 Q F0 7.005(.T)C 2.005(his v)-7.005 F 2.005
-(ariable is a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G 2.006
-(ilable only in shell functions and e).25 F 2.006(xternal commands)-.15
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+(ilable only in shell functions and e).25 F 2.005(xternal commands)-.15
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(he programmable completion f)-2.5 E(acilities \(see)-.1 E F1(Pr)2.5 E
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esponding to the type of completion attempted that caused a completion)
--.25 F .337(function to be called:)144 336 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.5
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(?)2.837 E F0 2.837(,f)C .337(or listing completions after successi)
--2.837 F .638 -.15(ve t)-.25 H(abs,).15 E F2(!)144 348 Q F0 4.092(,f)C
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--4.092 F 1.591(ord is not)-.1 F 1.552(unmodi\214ed, or)144 360 R F2(%)
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6.552 F 1.552(ariable is a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G 1.552
-(ilable only in shell functions and).25 F -.15(ex)144 372 S 2.929
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(ternal commands in).15 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 5.429(db).1 G 5.429
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384 Q F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(COMP_W)108 400.8 Q(ORDBREAKS)-.1 E F0
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-(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1(Arrays)3.153 E F0(belo)3.153 E .654
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+(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1(Arrays)3.154 E F0(belo)3.154 E .654
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(riable is a).25 F -.25(va)-.2 G .004(ilable only in shell functions in)
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-(he programmable completion f)-2.504 F .004(acilities \(see)-.1 F F1(Pr)
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144 501.6 Q(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1
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-3.595 G 3.595(iltin. Assigning).2 F(to)3.595 E 1.432
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(ariable may be used to modify directories already in the stack, b)-.25
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-.15(ve d)-.15 H 2.746(irectories. Assignment).15 F .246(to this v)2.746
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-.25 H 1.103(ser ID of the current user).15 F 3.603(,i)-.4 G 1.103
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--.2 E F0 .479(An array v)144 648 R .479
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(ariable containing the names of all shell functions currently in the e)
--.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .478(cution call stack.).15 F .276
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(element is)144 672 R/F4 10/Courier@0 SF("main")2.75 E F0 5.25(.T)C .25
(his v)-5.25 F .25(ariable e)-.25 F .25
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--2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2008 February 22)
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
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144 96 R 1.228(ariable containing the list of groups of which the curre\
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2.847 E .897 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 3.097(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-3.097 G .597
(ect and return an error status.).25 F(If)5.597 E F2(GR)3.097 E(OUPS)
-.27 E F0 .597(is unset, it loses its spe-)2.847 F(cial properties, e)
144 120 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5
-(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1(HISTCMD)108 136.8 Q F0 .356
-(The history number)144 148.8 R 2.856(,o)-.4 G 2.856(ri)-2.856 G(nde)
--2.856 E 2.856(xi)-.15 G 2.856(nt)-2.856 G .356
+(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1(HISTCMD)108 136.8 Q F0 .355
+(The history number)144 148.8 R 2.855(,o)-.4 G 2.855(ri)-2.855 G(nde)
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(he history list, of the current command.)-2.856 F(If)5.356 E F2
-(HISTCMD)2.855 E F0 .355(is unset, it)2.605 F
+(HISTCMD)2.856 E F0 .356(is unset, it)2.606 F
(loses its special properties, e)144 160.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G
2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1
(HOSTN)108 177.6 Q(AME)-.2 E F0
(Automatically set to the name of the current host.)144 189.6 Q F1
-(HOSTTYPE)108 206.4 Q F0 .222(Automatically set to a string that unique\
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-.223(is e)2.723 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cut-).15 E 2.5(ing. The)144 230.4 R
+(HOSTTYPE)108 206.4 Q F0 .223(Automatically set to a string that unique\
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(def)2.5 E(ault is system-dependent.)-.1 E F1(LINENO)108 247.2 Q F0
1.408(Each time this parameter is referenced, the shell substitutes a d\
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number \(starting with 1\) within a script or function.)144 271.2 R
-.079(When not in a script or)5.078 F .307(function, the v)144 283.2 R
-.307(alue substituted is not guaranteed to be meaningful.)-.25 F(If)
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(special properties, e)144 295.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)
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312 Q(CHTYPE)-.55 E F0 .898(Automatically set to a string that fully de\
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-3.398 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .899(cuting, in).15 F(the standard GNU)144 336 Q
+scribes the system type on which)144 324 R F1(bash)3.398 E F0 .898(is e)
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/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(cpu-company-system)2.5 E F0 2.5(format. The)2.5
F(def)2.5 E(ault is system-dependent.)-.1 E F1(OLDPWD)108 352.8 Q F0
(The pre)144 364.8 Q(vious w)-.25 E(orking directory as set by the)-.1 E
-F1(cd)2.5 E F0(command.)2.5 E F1(OPT)108 381.6 Q(ARG)-.9 E F0 1.627
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(The v)144 393.6 R 1.627(alue of the last option ar)-.25 F 1.627
(gument processed by the)-.18 F F1(getopts)4.127 E F0 -.2(bu)4.127 G
-1.626(iltin command \(see).2 F F2(SHELL)4.126 E -.09(BU)144 405.6 S(IL)
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.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(OPTIND)108
-422.4 Q F0 1.651(The inde)144 434.4 R 4.151(xo)-.15 G 4.151(ft)-4.151 G
-1.651(he ne)-4.151 F 1.651(xt ar)-.15 F 1.652
-(gument to be processed by the)-.18 F F1(getopts)4.152 E F0 -.2(bu)4.152
-G 1.652(iltin command \(see).2 F F2(SHELL)4.152 E -.09(BU)144 446.4 S
+422.4 Q F0 1.652(The inde)144 434.4 R 4.152(xo)-.15 G 4.152(ft)-4.152 G
+1.652(he ne)-4.152 F 1.652(xt ar)-.15 F 1.652
+(gument to be processed by the)-.18 F F1(getopts)4.151 E F0 -.2(bu)4.151
+G 1.651(iltin command \(see).2 F F2(SHELL)4.151 E -.09(BU)144 446.4 S
(IL).09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(OSTYPE)108
463.2 Q F0 .329(Automatically set to a string that describes the operat\
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--.15(xe)-.15 G 2.829(cuting. The).15 F(def)144 487.2 Q
+ing system on which)144 475.2 R F1(bash)2.83 E F0 .33(is e)2.83 F -.15
+(xe)-.15 G 2.83(cuting. The).15 F(def)144 487.2 Q
(ault is system-dependent.)-.1 E F1(PIPEST)108 504 Q -.95(AT)-.9 G(US)
.95 E F0 .61(An array v)144 516 R .61(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1(Arrays)
3.11 E F0(belo)3.11 E .61(w\) containing a list of e)-.25 F .61
2.5(arent. This)-2.5 F -.25(va)2.5 G(riable is readonly).25 E(.)-.65 E
F1(PWD)108 561.6 Q F0(The current w)12.67 E
(orking directory as set by the)-.1 E F1(cd)2.5 E F0(command.)2.5 E F1
-(RANDOM)108 578.4 Q F0 .566
-(Each time this parameter is referenced, a random inte)144 590.4 R .565
-(ger between 0 and 32767 is generated.)-.15 F(The)5.565 E .01
+(RANDOM)108 578.4 Q F0 .565
+(Each time this parameter is referenced, a random inte)144 590.4 R .566
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-432 Q F0 2.235(attempts to read)4.735 F F3(/etc/hosts)6.401 E F0 2.235
-(to obtain the list of possible hostname completions.)6.401 F(When)7.236
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+(xt time hostname completion is attempted after the v)-.15 F 1.058
+(alue is changed,)-.25 F F1(bash)144 420 Q F0 .715
+(adds the contents of the ne)3.215 F 3.215<778c>-.25 G .715(le to the e)
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E F2(HOSTFILE)144 444 Q F0(is unset, the hostname list is cleared.)2.25
-E F1(IFS)108 456 Q F0(The)20.44 E F3 .556(Internal F)3.636 F .556
-(ield Separ)-.45 F(ator)-.15 E F0 .556(that is used for w)3.786 F .556
-(ord splitting after e)-.1 F .555(xpansion and to split lines into)-.15
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(`<space><tab><ne)-.74 E(wline>')-.25 E('.)-.74 E F1(IGNOREEOF)108 480 Q
F0 .503(Controls the action of an interacti)144 492 R .803 -.15(ve s)
-.25 H .503(hell on receipt of an).15 F F2(EOF)3.003 E F0 .503
-(character as the sole input.)2.753 F .504(If set,)5.504 F .426(the v)
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144 504 R .426(alue is the number of consecuti)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G F2
(EOF)3.076 E F0 .426
-(characters which must be typed as the \214rst characters)2.676 F .302
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(on an input line before)144 516 R F1(bash)2.802 E F0 -.15(ex)2.802 G
2.802(its. If).15 F .302(the v)2.802 F .302(ariable e)-.25 F .302
(xists b)-.15 F .302(ut does not ha)-.2 F .602 -.15(ve a n)-.2 H .302
-(umeric v).15 F .303(alue, or has)-.25 F(no v)144 528 Q(alue, the def)
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-(INPUTRC)108 540 Q F0 1.436(The \214lename for the)144 552 R F1 -.18(re)
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3.936 G(adline).18 E F0 1.436(startup \214le, o)3.936 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
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-E F1(LANG)108 576 Q F0 1.239(Used to determine the locale cate)7.11 F
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(gory not speci\214cally selected with a v)-.15 F(ariable)-.25 E
(starting with)144 588 Q F1(LC_)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(LC_ALL)108 600 Q F0 .764
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(ariable determines the interpretation of characters and the beha)-.25 F
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(xpansion and pattern matching.)-.15 E(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q
-(2008 February 22)138.46 E(13)188.45 E 0 Cg EP
+(2008 April 5)148.455 E(13)198.445 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 14 14
%%BeginPageSetup
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96 Q(ariable determines the locale used to translate double-quoted stri\
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(This v)144 120 Q(ariable determines the locale cate)-.25 E
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-(When it is time)5.098 F .223(to check for mail, the shell does so befo\
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(ariable is unset,)-.25 F .066(or set to a v)144 216 R .066(alue that i\
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-hecking.)-.25 F F1(MAILP)108 228 Q -.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0 2.814(Ac)
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(ar/mail/bfox?"Y)-.25 E(ou ha)-1.1 E .3 -.15(ve m)-.2 H
-(ail":~/shell\255mail?"$_ has mail!"\010).15 E F1(Bash)144 300 Q F0 .389
-(supplies a def)2.889 F .389(ault v)-.1 F .389(alue for this v)-.25 F
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(ut the location of the user mail \214les that it uses is)-.2 F
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-(alue 1,)-.25 F F1(bash)2.889 E F0 .389
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--.09 E .36(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)2.61 E(w\).)-.25 E F2(OPTERR)
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-(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E(or a shell script is e)144 360 Q -.15(xe)
--.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1 -.74(PA)108 372 S(TH)-.21 E F0 .587
-(The search path for commands.)9.91 F .588
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+(The search path for commands.)9.91 F .587
(It is a colon-separated list of directories in which the shell looks)
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--2.845 E .868(colons, or as an initial or trailing colon.)144 408 R .868
-(The def)5.868 F .867(ault path is system-dependent, and is set by the)
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-SF(/usr/gnu/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/ucb:/bin:/usr/bin)144 432 Q F0(.)A
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-(ariable is in the en)-.25 F .471(vironment when)-.4 F F1(bash)2.971 E
-F0 .471(starts, the shell enters)2.971 F/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF .471
-(posix mode)2.971 F F0 .471(before reading)2.971 F .011
+.345(lue of).25 F F1 -.74(PA)2.845 G(TH)-.21 E F0 .345
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+-2.844 E .867(colons, or as an initial or trailing colon.)144 408 R .868
+(The def)5.868 F .868(ault path is system-dependent, and is set by the)
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+2.971 E F0 .471(starts, the shell enters)2.971 F/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
+.472(posix mode)2.972 F F0 .472(before reading)2.972 F .011
(the startup \214les, as if the)144 468 R F1(\255\255posix)2.511 E F0
(in)2.511 E -.2(vo)-.4 G .011(cation option had been supplied.).2 F .011
(If it is set while the shell is)5.011 F(running,)144 480 Q F1(bash)2.5
(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1(PR)108 492 Q(OMPT_COMMAND)-.3 E F0
(If set, the v)144 504 Q(alue is e)-.25 E -.15(xe)-.15 G
(cuted as a command prior to issuing each primary prompt.).15 E F1(PS1)
-108 516 Q F0 .065(The v)19.33 F .065(alue of this parameter is e)-.25 F
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.065(xpanded \(see)-.15 F F2(PR)2.565 E(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(belo)2.315 E
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(def)2.5 E(ault v)-.1 E(alue is `)-.25 E(`)-.74 E F1(\\s\255\\v\\$)A F0
--.74('')2.5 G(.).74 E F1(PS2)108 540 Q F0 .004(The v)19.33 F .004
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(alue of this parameter is e)-.25 F .005(xpanded as with)-.15 F F1(PS1)
-2.505 E F0 .005(and used as the secondary prompt string.)2.505 F(The)
-5.005 E(def)144 552 Q(ault is `)-.1 E(`)-.74 E F1(>)A F0 -.74('')2.5 G
-(.).74 E F1(PS3)108 564 Q F0 1.116(The v)19.33 F 1.115
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(alue of this parameter is used as the prompt for the)-.25 F F1(select)
-3.615 E F0 1.115(command \(see)3.615 F F2 1.115(SHELL GRAM-)3.615 F(MAR)
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144 576 Q F0(abo)2.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1(PS4)108 588 Q F0
-1.098(The v)19.33 F 1.099(alue of this parameter is e)-.25 F 1.099
-(xpanded as with)-.15 F F1(PS1)3.599 E F0 1.099(and the v)3.599 F 1.099
-(alue is printed before each com-)-.25 F(mand)144 600 Q F1(bash)3.726 E
-F0 1.226(displays during an e)3.726 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.226
-(cution trace.).15 F 1.225(The \214rst character of)6.226 F F2(PS4)3.725
-E F0 1.225(is replicated multiple)3.475 F(times, as necessary)144 612 Q
+1.099(The v)19.33 F 1.099(alue of this parameter is e)-.25 F 1.099
+(xpanded as with)-.15 F F1(PS1)3.599 E F0 1.099(and the v)3.599 F 1.098
+(alue is printed before each com-)-.25 F(mand)144 600 Q F1(bash)3.725 E
+F0 1.225(displays during an e)3.725 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.225
+(cution trace.).15 F 1.226(The \214rst character of)6.225 F F2(PS4)3.726
+E F0 1.226(is replicated multiple)3.476 F(times, as necessary)144 612 Q
2.5(,t)-.65 G 2.5(oi)-2.5 G(ndicate multiple le)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ls of indirection.).15 E(The def)5 E(ault is `)-.1 E(`)-.74 E F1(+)A F0
--.74('')2.5 G(.).74 E F1(SHELL)108 624 Q F0 .663
+-.74('')2.5 G(.).74 E F1(SHELL)108 624 Q F0 .664
(The full pathname to the shell is k)144 636 R .664(ept in this en)-.1 F
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(it is not set when the shell)3.164 F(starts,)144 648 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0
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-G(ogin shell.)-2.5 E F1(TIMEFORMA)108 660 Q(T)-.95 E F0 .827(The v)144
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672 R .826
(alue of this parameter is used as a format string specifying ho)-.25 F
-3.326(wt)-.25 G .826(he timing information for)-3.326 F .648
-(pipelines pre\214x)144 684 R .648(ed with the)-.15 F F1(time)3.148 E F0
-(reserv)3.148 E .648(ed w)-.15 F .649(ord should be displayed.)-.1 F
-(The)5.649 E F1(%)3.149 E F0 .649(character introduces)3.149 F .712
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+(pipelines pre\214x)144 684 R .649(ed with the)-.15 F F1(time)3.149 E F0
+(reserv)3.149 E .649(ed w)-.15 F .648(ord should be displayed.)-.1 F
+(The)5.648 E F1(%)3.148 E F0 .648(character introduces)3.148 F .711
(an escape sequence that is e)144 696 R .711(xpanded to a time v)-.15 F
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(and their meanings are as follo)144 708 Q
(ws; the braces denote optional portions.)-.25 E(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q
-(2008 February 22)138.46 E(14)188.45 E 0 Cg EP
+(2008 April 5)148.455 E(14)198.445 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 15 15
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
(The CPU percentage, computed as \(%U + %S\) / %R.)33.89 E .87
(The optional)144 148.8 R F2(p)3.37 E F0 .87(is a digit specifying the)
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-(he number of fractional digits after a decimal)-3.37 F 2.526(point. A)
-144 160.8 R -.25(va)2.526 G .025
-(lue of 0 causes no decimal point or fraction to be output.).25 F .025
-(At most three places after the)5.025 F .537
-(decimal point may be speci\214ed; v)144 172.8 R .537(alues of)-.25 F F2
-(p)3.037 E F0 .537(greater than 3 are changed to 3.)3.037 F(If)5.538 E
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-(alue 3 is used.)-.25 E .668(The optional)144 201.6 R F1(l)3.168 E F0
+(he number of fractional digits after a decimal)-3.37 F 2.525(point. A)
+144 160.8 R -.25(va)2.525 G .025
+(lue of 0 causes no decimal point or fraction to be output.).25 F .026
+(At most three places after the)5.025 F .538
+(decimal point may be speci\214ed; v)144 172.8 R .538(alues of)-.25 F F2
+(p)3.038 E F0 .537(greater than 3 are changed to 3.)3.037 F(If)5.537 E
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+(alue 3 is used.)-.25 E .667(The optional)144 201.6 R F1(l)3.167 E F0
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-F2(MM)3.168 E F0(m)A F2(SS)A F0(.)A F2(FF)A F0 3.167(s. The)B -.25(va)
-3.167 G(lue).25 E(of)144 213.6 Q F2(p)2.5 E F0
-(determines whether or not the fraction is included.)2.5 E(If this v)144
-230.4 Q(ariable is not set,)-.25 E F1(bash)2.501 E F0 .001
-(acts as if it had the v)2.501 F(alue)-.25 E F1($\010\\nr)2.501 E
-(eal\\t%3lR\\nuser\\t%3lU\\nsys%3lS\010)-.18 E F0(.)A .495(If the v)144
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(,o)-.65 G(r)-2.5 E F1(unset)2.5 E F2(name)2.5 E F0([)A F2(subscript)A
F0(], where)A F2(subscript)2.5 E F0(is)2.5 E F1(*)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1
(@)2.5 E F0 2.5(,r)C(emo)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(st).15 G
-(he entire array)-2.5 E(.)-.65 E(The)108 367.2 Q F1(declar)3.671 E(e)
--.18 E F0(,)A F1(local)3.671 E F0 3.671(,a)C(nd)-3.671 E F1 -.18(re)
-3.671 G(adonly).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.671 G 1.171(iltins each accept a).2 F
-F1<ad61>3.671 E F0 1.17(option to specify an array)3.671 F 6.17(.T)-.65
-G(he)-6.17 E F1 -.18(re)3.67 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.67 G(iltin).2 E .44
+(he entire array)-2.5 E(.)-.65 E(The)108 367.2 Q F1(declar)3.67 E(e)-.18
+E F0(,)A F1(local)3.67 E F0 3.67(,a)C(nd)-3.67 E F1 -.18(re)3.67 G
+(adonly).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.67 G 1.17(iltins each accept a).2 F F1<ad61>
+3.671 E F0 1.171(option to specify an array)3.671 F 6.171(.T)-.65 G(he)
+-6.171 E F1 -.18(re)3.671 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.671 G(iltin).2 E .441
(accepts a)108 379.2 R F1<ad61>2.941 E F0 .441
(option to assign a list of w)2.941 F .441
(ords read from the standard input to an array)-.1 F 5.441(.T)-.65 G(he)
--5.441 E F1(set)2.941 E F0(and)2.941 E F1(declar)2.941 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2
+-5.441 E F1(set)2.941 E F0(and)2.941 E F1(declar)2.94 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2
(bu)108 391.2 S(iltins display array v).2 E(alues in a w)-.25 E
(ay that allo)-.1 E(ws them to be reused as assignments.)-.25 E/F4 10.95
/Times-Bold@0 SF(EXP)72 408 Q(ANSION)-.81 E F0 .76(Expansion is perform\
ed on the command line after it has been split into w)108 420 R 3.26
(ords. There)-.1 F .76(are se)3.26 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.26(nk).15 G .76
-(inds of)-3.26 F -.15(ex)108 432 S .369(pansion performed:).15 F F2(br)
+(inds of)-3.26 F -.15(ex)108 432 S .37(pansion performed:).15 F F2(br)
2.869 E .369(ace e)-.15 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0(,).24 E F2 .369(tilde e)
2.869 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0(,).24 E F2(par)2.869 E .369
-(ameter and variable e)-.15 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0(,).24 E F2 .37
+(ameter and variable e)-.15 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0(,).24 E F2 .369
(command sub-)2.869 F(stitution)108 444 Q F0(,).24 E F2(arithmetic e)2.5
E(xpansion)-.2 E F0(,).24 E F2(wor)2.5 E 2.5(ds)-.37 G(plitting)-2.5 E
F0 2.5(,a).22 G(nd)-2.5 E F2(pathname e)2.5 E(xpansion)-.2 E F0(.).24 E
-.471(The order of e)108 460.8 R .471(xpansions is: brace e)-.15 F .471
+.47(The order of e)108 460.8 R .471(xpansions is: brace e)-.15 F .471
(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .471(xpansion, parameter)-.15 F 2.971(,v)-.4 G
-.47(ariable and arithmetic e)-3.221 F(xpansion)-.15 E
+.471(ariable and arithmetic e)-3.221 F(xpansion)-.15 E
(and command substitution \(done in a left-to-right f)108 472.8 Q
(ashion\), w)-.1 E(ord splitting, and pathname e)-.1 E(xpansion.)-.15 E
(On systems that can support it, there is an additional e)108 489.6 Q
(xpansion a)-.15 E -.25(va)-.2 G(ilable:).25 E F2(pr)2.5 E
-(ocess substitution)-.45 E F0(.)A 1.486(Only brace e)108 506.4 R 1.486
-(xpansion, w)-.15 F 1.486(ord splitting, and pathname e)-.1 F 1.487
-(xpansion can change the number of w)-.15 F 1.487(ords of the)-.1 F -.15
-(ex)108 518.4 S 1.165(pansion; other e).15 F 1.165(xpansions e)-.15 F
-1.165(xpand a single w)-.15 F 1.165(ord to a single w)-.1 F 3.665
-(ord. The)-.1 F 1.164(only e)3.665 F 1.164(xceptions to this are the)
+(ocess substitution)-.45 E F0(.)A 1.487(Only brace e)108 506.4 R 1.487
+(xpansion, w)-.15 F 1.487(ord splitting, and pathname e)-.1 F 1.487
+(xpansion can change the number of w)-.15 F 1.486(ords of the)-.1 F -.15
+(ex)108 518.4 S 1.164(pansion; other e).15 F 1.164(xpansions e)-.15 F
+1.164(xpand a single w)-.15 F 1.165(ord to a single w)-.1 F 3.665
+(ord. The)-.1 F 1.165(only e)3.665 F 1.165(xceptions to this are the)
-.15 F -.15(ex)108 530.4 S(pansions of ").15 E F1($@)A F0 2.5("a)C(nd ")
-2.5 E F1(${)A F2(name)A F1([@]})A F0 2.5("a)C 2.5(se)-2.5 G
(xplained abo)-2.65 E .3 -.15(ve \()-.15 H(see).15 E F3 -.666(PA)2.5 G
(pathname e)2.915 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0 2.915(,b)C .415
(ut the \214lenames generated need not e)-3.115 F 2.915(xist. P)-.15 F
.415(atterns to be brace e)-.15 F .415(xpanded tak)-.15 F 2.915(et)-.1 G
-(he)-2.915 E .151(form of an optional)108 583.2 R F2(pr)2.651 E(eamble)
+(he)-2.915 E .152(form of an optional)108 583.2 R F2(pr)2.652 E(eamble)
-.37 E F0 2.651(,f).18 G(ollo)-2.651 E .151
(wed by either a series of comma-separated strings or a sequence e)-.25
F(xpres-)-.15 E .563(sion between a pair of braces, follo)108 595.2 R
.563(wed by an optional)-.25 F F2(postscript)3.063 E F0 5.563(.T).68 G
.563(he preamble is pre\214x)-5.563 F .563(ed to each string)-.15 F .659
(contained within the braces, and the postscript is then appended to ea\
-ch resulting string, e)108 607.2 R .659(xpanding left to)-.15 F(right.)
-108 619.2 Q .719(Brace e)108 636 R .719(xpansions may be nested.)-.15 F
+ch resulting string, e)108 607.2 R .658(xpanding left to)-.15 F(right.)
+108 619.2 Q .718(Brace e)108 636 R .719(xpansions may be nested.)-.15 F
.719(The results of each e)5.719 F .719
(xpanded string are not sorted; left to right order is)-.15 F(preserv)
108 648 Q 2.5(ed. F)-.15 F(or e)-.15 E(xample, a)-.15 E F1({)A F0(d,c,b)
-A F1(})A F0 2.5(ee)C(xpands into `ade ace abe'.)-2.65 E 3.133(As)108
-664.8 S .633(equence e)-3.133 F .633(xpression tak)-.15 F .633
-(es the form)-.1 F F1({)3.133 E F2(x)A F1(..)A F2(y)A F1(})A F0 3.133
-(,w)C(here)-3.133 E F2(x)3.133 E F0(and)3.134 E F2(y)3.134 E F0 .634
-(are either inte)3.134 F .634(gers or single characters.)-.15 F(When)
-5.634 E(inte)108 676.8 Q .402(gers are supplied, the e)-.15 F .402
+A F1(})A F0 2.5(ee)C(xpands into `ade ace abe'.)-2.65 E 3.134(As)108
+664.8 S .634(equence e)-3.134 F .634(xpression tak)-.15 F .634
+(es the form)-.1 F F1({)3.134 E F2(x)A F1(..)A F2(y)A F1(})A F0 3.134
+(,w)C(here)-3.134 E F2(x)3.134 E F0(and)3.134 E F2(y)3.133 E F0 .633
+(are either inte)3.133 F .633(gers or single characters.)-.15 F(When)
+5.633 E(inte)108 676.8 Q .401(gers are supplied, the e)-.15 F .401
(xpression e)-.15 F .401(xpands to each number between)-.15 F F2(x)2.901
-E F0(and)2.901 E F2(y)2.901 E F0 2.901(,i)C(nclusi)-2.901 E -.15(ve)-.25
-G 5.401(.W).15 G .401(hen characters)-5.401 F .687(are supplied, the e)
+E F0(and)2.902 E F2(y)2.902 E F0 2.902(,i)C(nclusi)-2.902 E -.15(ve)-.25
+G 5.402(.W).15 G .402(hen characters)-5.402 F .688(are supplied, the e)
108 688.8 R .688(xpression e)-.15 F .688(xpands to each character le)
-.15 F .688(xicographically between)-.15 F F2(x)3.188 E F0(and)3.188 E
-F2(y)3.188 E F0 3.188(,i)C(nclusi)-3.188 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.688(.N).15 G
-(ote)-5.688 E(that both)108 700.8 Q F2(x)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F2(y)2.5 E
-F0(must be of the same type.)2.5 E .582(Brace e)108 717.6 R .582
-(xpansion is performed before an)-.15 F 3.082(yo)-.15 G .581(ther e)
--3.082 F .581(xpansions, and an)-.15 F 3.081(yc)-.15 G .581
-(haracters special to other e)-3.081 F(xpansions)-.15 E 1.208
-(are preserv)108 729.6 R 1.208(ed in the result.)-.15 F 1.209
+F2(y)3.188 E F0 3.187(,i)C(nclusi)-3.187 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.687(.N).15 G
+(ote)-5.687 E(that both)108 700.8 Q F2(x)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F2(y)2.5 E
+F0(must be of the same type.)2.5 E .581(Brace e)108 717.6 R .581
+(xpansion is performed before an)-.15 F 3.081(yo)-.15 G .581(ther e)
+-3.081 F .581(xpansions, and an)-.15 F 3.082(yc)-.15 G .582
+(haracters special to other e)-3.082 F(xpansions)-.15 E 1.209
+(are preserv)108 729.6 R 1.209(ed in the result.)-.15 F 1.209
(It is strictly te)6.209 F(xtual.)-.15 E F1(Bash)6.209 E F0 1.209
-(does not apply an)3.709 F 3.709(ys)-.15 G 1.209
+(does not apply an)3.709 F 3.709(ys)-.15 G 1.208
(yntactic interpretation to the)-3.709 F(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q
-(2008 February 22)138.46 E(16)188.45 E 0 Cg EP
+(2008 April 5)148.455 E(16)198.445 E 0 Cg EP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
-.35 E(conte)108 84 Q(xt of the e)-.15 E(xpansion or the te)-.15 E
-(xt between the braces.)-.15 E 3.633(Ac)108 100.8 S 1.133
-(orrectly-formed brace e)-3.633 F 1.132(xpansion must contain unquoted \
-opening and closing braces, and at least one)-.15 F 3.44
+(xt between the braces.)-.15 E 3.632(Ac)108 100.8 S 1.132
+(orrectly-formed brace e)-3.632 F 1.132(xpansion must contain unquoted \
+opening and closing braces, and at least one)-.15 F 3.441
(unquoted comma or a v)108 112.8 R 3.441(alid sequence e)-.25 F 5.941
(xpression. An)-.15 F 5.941(yi)-.15 G 3.441(ncorrectly formed brace e)
--5.941 F 3.441(xpansion is left)-.15 F 2.755(unchanged. A)108 124.8 R/F1
+-5.941 F 3.44(xpansion is left)-.15 F 2.755(unchanged. A)108 124.8 R/F1
10/Times-Bold@0 SF({)2.755 E F0(or)2.755 E F1(,)2.755 E F0 .255
(may be quoted with a backslash to pre)2.755 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .255
-(nt its being considered part of a brace e).15 F(xpres-)-.15 E 2.91
-(sion. T)108 136.8 R 2.91(oa)-.8 G -.2(vo)-3.11 G .41
+(nt its being considered part of a brace e).15 F(xpres-)-.15 E 2.911
+(sion. T)108 136.8 R 2.911(oa)-.8 G -.2(vo)-3.111 G .411
(id con\215icts with parameter e).2 F .411(xpansion, the string)-.15 F
-F1(${)2.911 E F0 .411(is not considered eligible for brace e)2.911 F
+F1(${)2.911 E F0 .41(is not considered eligible for brace e)2.911 F
(xpan-)-.15 E(sion.)108 148.8 Q 1.476(This construct is typically used \
as shorthand when the common pre\214x of the strings to be generated is)
108 165.6 R(longer than in the abo)108 177.6 Q .3 -.15(ve ex)-.15 H
-.25 E(x}})-.15 E .618(Brace e)108 235.2 R .618
(xpansion introduces a slight incompatibility with historical v)-.15 F
.618(ersions of)-.15 F F1(sh)3.118 E F0(.)A F1(sh)5.618 E F0 .618
-(does not treat open-)3.118 F .248
-(ing or closing braces specially when the)108 247.2 R 2.748(ya)-.15 G
-.247(ppear as part of a w)-2.748 F .247(ord, and preserv)-.1 F .247
-(es them in the output.)-.15 F F1(Bash)5.247 E F0(remo)108 259.2 Q -.15
+(does not treat open-)3.118 F .247
+(ing or closing braces specially when the)108 247.2 R 2.747(ya)-.15 G
+.247(ppear as part of a w)-2.747 F .248(ord, and preserv)-.1 F .248
+(es them in the output.)-.15 F F1(Bash)5.248 E F0(remo)108 259.2 Q -.15
(ve)-.15 G 3.53(sb).15 G 1.03(races from w)-3.53 F 1.03
(ords as a consequence of brace e)-.1 F 3.53(xpansion. F)-.15 F 1.03
(or e)-.15 F 1.03(xample, a w)-.15 F 1.03(ord entered to)-.1 F F1(sh)
3.53 E F0(as)3.53 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(\214le{1,2})108 271.2 Q F0
-.515(appears identically in the output.)3.015 F .515(The same w)5.515 F
-.515(ord is output as)-.1 F F2 .514(\214le1 \214le2)4.925 F F0 .514
-(after e)3.034 F .514(xpansion by)-.15 F F1(bash)3.014 E F0(.)A .436
+.514(appears identically in the output.)3.014 F .515(The same w)5.515 F
+.515(ord is output as)-.1 F F2 .515(\214le1 \214le2)4.925 F F0 .515
+(after e)3.035 F .515(xpansion by)-.15 F F1(bash)3.015 E F0(.)A .437
(If strict compatibility with)108 283.2 R F1(sh)2.936 E F0 .436
(is desired, start)2.936 F F1(bash)2.936 E F0 .436(with the)2.936 F F1
-(+B)2.936 E F0 .436(option or disable brace e)2.936 F .437
+(+B)2.936 E F0 .436(option or disable brace e)2.936 F .436
(xpansion with the)-.15 F F1(+B)108 295.2 Q F0(option to the)2.5 E F1
(set)2.5 E F0(command \(see)2.5 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)2.5 E
(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1 -.18(Ti)
-87 312 S(lde Expansion).18 E F0 1.087(If a w)108 324 R 1.087(ord be)-.1
-F 1.087(gins with an unquoted tilde character \(`)-.15 F F1(~)A F0 1.086
+87 312 S(lde Expansion).18 E F0 1.086(If a w)108 324 R 1.086(ord be)-.1
+F 1.086(gins with an unquoted tilde character \(`)-.15 F F1(~)A F0 1.087
('\), all of the characters preceding the \214rst unquoted)B .185(slash\
\(or all characters, if there is no unquoted slash\) are considered a)
108 336 R F2(tilde-pr)2.685 E(e\214x)-.37 E F0 5.185(.I)C 2.685(fn)
--5.185 G .185(one of the characters)-2.685 F .726(in the tilde-pre\214x\
- are quoted, the characters in the tilde-pre\214x follo)108 348 R .725
-(wing the tilde are treated as a possible)-.25 F F2(lo)108 360 Q .522
-(gin name)-.1 F F0 5.522(.I)C 3.022(ft)-5.522 G .522
+-5.185 G .185(one of the characters)-2.685 F .725(in the tilde-pre\214x\
+ are quoted, the characters in the tilde-pre\214x follo)108 348 R .726
+(wing the tilde are treated as a possible)-.25 F F2(lo)108 360 Q .523
+(gin name)-.1 F F0 5.523(.I)C 3.023(ft)-5.523 G .523
(his login name is the null string, the tilde is replaced with the v)
--3.022 F .523(alue of the shell parameter)-.25 F F3(HOME)108 372 Q/F4 9
-/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(If)4.787 E F3(HOME)2.787 E F0 .287
-(is unset, the home directory of the user e)2.537 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .286
-(cuting the shell is substituted instead.).15 F(Other)5.286 E(-)-.2 E(w\
+-3.023 F .522(alue of the shell parameter)-.25 F F3(HOME)108 372 Q/F4 9
+/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(If)4.786 E F3(HOME)2.786 E F0 .287
+(is unset, the home directory of the user e)2.536 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .287
+(cuting the shell is substituted instead.).15 F(Other)5.287 E(-)-.2 E(w\
ise, the tilde-pre\214x is replaced with the home directory associated \
-with the speci\214ed login name.)108 384 Q .092
+with the speci\214ed login name.)108 384 Q .093
(If the tilde-pre\214x is a `~+', the v)108 400.8 R .092
(alue of the shell v)-.25 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(PWD)2.592 E F0 .092
-(replaces the tilde-pre\214x.)2.342 F .093(If the tilde-pre\214x is)
-5.093 F 3.404(a`)108 412.8 S .904(~\255', the v)-3.404 F .904
+(replaces the tilde-pre\214x.)2.342 F .092(If the tilde-pre\214x is)
+5.092 F 3.403(a`)108 412.8 S .903(~\255', the v)-3.403 F .903
(alue of the shell v)-.25 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(OLDPWD)3.404 E F4(,)A F0
-.904(if it is set, is substituted.)3.154 F .903(If the characters follo)
-5.903 F .903(wing the)-.25 F 1.641
-(tilde in the tilde-pre\214x consist of a number)108 424.8 R F2(N)4.141
-E F0 4.142(,o)C 1.642(ptionally pre\214x)-4.142 F 1.642
-(ed by a `+' or a `\255', the tilde-pre\214x is)-.15 F 1.438(replaced w\
+.904(if it is set, is substituted.)3.154 F .904(If the characters follo)
+5.904 F .904(wing the)-.25 F 1.642
+(tilde in the tilde-pre\214x consist of a number)108 424.8 R F2(N)4.142
+E F0 4.142(,o)C 1.642(ptionally pre\214x)-4.142 F 1.641
+(ed by a `+' or a `\255', the tilde-pre\214x is)-.15 F 1.437(replaced w\
ith the corresponding element from the directory stack, as it w)108
-436.8 R 1.437(ould be displayed by the)-.1 F F1(dirs)3.937 E F0 -.2(bu)
-108 448.8 S .454(iltin in).2 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.954(dw).1 G
-.454(ith the tilde-pre\214x as an ar)-2.954 F 2.954(gument. If)-.18 F
-.454(the characters follo)2.954 F .455
+436.8 R 1.438(ould be displayed by the)-.1 F F1(dirs)3.938 E F0 -.2(bu)
+108 448.8 S .455(iltin in).2 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.955(dw).1 G
+.455(ith the tilde-pre\214x as an ar)-2.955 F 2.954(gument. If)-.18 F
+.454(the characters follo)2.954 F .454
(wing the tilde in the tilde-pre\214x)-.25 F
(consist of a number without a leading `+' or `\255', `+' is assumed.)
108 460.8 Q(If the login name is in)108 477.6 Q -.25(va)-.4 G
(lid, or the tilde e).25 E(xpansion f)-.15 E(ails, the w)-.1 E
-(ord is unchanged.)-.1 E .167(Each v)108 494.4 R .167
+(ord is unchanged.)-.1 E .166(Each v)108 494.4 R .167
(ariable assignment is check)-.25 F .167(ed for unquoted tilde-pre\214x)
-.1 F .167(es immediately follo)-.15 F .167(wing a)-.25 F F1(:)2.667 E
-F0 .167(or the \214rst)2.667 F F1(=)2.666 E F0 5.166(.I)C(n)-5.166 E
-.281(these cases, tilde e)108 506.4 R .282(xpansion is also performed.)
+F0 .167(or the \214rst)2.667 F F1(=)2.667 E F0 5.167(.I)C(n)-5.167 E
+.282(these cases, tilde e)108 506.4 R .282(xpansion is also performed.)
-.15 F(Consequently)5.282 E 2.782(,o)-.65 G .282
(ne may use \214le names with tildes in assign-)-2.782 F(ments to)108
518.4 Q F3 -.666(PA)2.5 G(TH)-.189 E F4(,)A F3(MAILP)2.25 E -.855(AT)
-.666 G(H).855 E F4(,)A F0(and)2.25 E F3(CDP)2.5 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H)
.855 E F4(,)A F0(and the shell assigns the e)2.25 E(xpanded v)-.15 E
-(alue.)-.25 E F1 -.1(Pa)87 535.2 S(rameter Expansion).1 E F0 1.606
-(The `)108 547.2 R F1($)A F0 4.106('c)C 1.606
-(haracter introduces parameter e)-4.106 F 1.605
-(xpansion, command substitution, or arithmetic e)-.15 F 4.105
-(xpansion. The)-.15 F .406(parameter name or symbol to be e)108 559.2 R
-.407(xpanded may be enclosed in braces, which are optional b)-.15 F .407
-(ut serv)-.2 F 2.907(et)-.15 G 2.907(op)-2.907 G(ro-)-2.907 E .033
-(tect the v)108 571.2 R .033(ariable to be e)-.25 F .033
-(xpanded from characters immediately follo)-.15 F .032
+(alue.)-.25 E F1 -.1(Pa)87 535.2 S(rameter Expansion).1 E F0 1.605
+(The `)108 547.2 R F1($)A F0 4.105('c)C 1.605
+(haracter introduces parameter e)-4.105 F 1.606
+(xpansion, command substitution, or arithmetic e)-.15 F 4.106
+(xpansion. The)-.15 F .407(parameter name or symbol to be e)108 559.2 R
+.407(xpanded may be enclosed in braces, which are optional b)-.15 F .406
+(ut serv)-.2 F 2.906(et)-.15 G 2.906(op)-2.906 G(ro-)-2.906 E .032
+(tect the v)108 571.2 R .032(ariable to be e)-.25 F .032
+(xpanded from characters immediately follo)-.15 F .033
(wing it which could be interpreted as part)-.25 F(of the name.)108
-583.2 Q 1.189
+583.2 Q 1.19
(When braces are used, the matching ending brace is the \214rst `)108
-600 R F1(})A F0 3.69('n)C 1.19(ot escaped by a backslash or within a)
--3.69 F 2.15(quoted string, and not within an embedded arithmetic e)108
+600 R F1(})A F0 3.689('n)C 1.189(ot escaped by a backslash or within a)
+-3.689 F 2.15(quoted string, and not within an embedded arithmetic e)108
612 R 2.15(xpansion, command substitution, or parameter)-.15 F -.15(ex)
108 624 S(pansion.).15 E(${)108 640.8 Q F2(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F0(})A
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136.8 Q F2(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(%)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A(${)108
148.8 Q F2(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(%%)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A(The)144
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(each member of the array in turn, and the e)144 232.8 Q
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(pattern)5.085 E F0 2.585(is e)5.085 F 2.585
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-F0 5.762(.I)C(f)-5.762 E F2(string)144 321.6 Q F0 1.938
-(is null, matches of)4.438 F F2(pattern)4.438 E F0 1.938
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(*)2.598 E F0 2.598(,t)C .098(he substitution operation is applied to e\
ach positional parameter in turn, and)-2.598 F .64(the e)144 345.6 R .64
(xpansion is the resultant list.)-.15 F(If)5.64 E F2(par)4.39 E(ameter)
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F1(@)3.14 E F0(or)3.14 E F1(*)3.14 E F0 3.14(,t)C(he)-3.14 E 1.446(subs\
titution operation is applied to each member of the array in turn, and \
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-Q F1(Command Substitution)87 386.4 Q F2 1.698(Command substitution)108
-398.4 R F0(allo)4.198 E 1.697
-(ws the output of a command to replace the command name.)-.25 F 1.697
-(There are tw)6.697 F(o)-.1 E(forms:)108 410.4 Q F1($\()144 432 Q F2
+the e)144 357.6 R 1.446(xpansion is the)-.15 F(resultant list.)144 369.6
+Q F1(Command Substitution)87 386.4 Q F2 1.697(Command substitution)108
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+(ws the output of a command to replace the command name.)-.25 F 1.698
+(There are tw)6.698 F(o)-.1 E(forms:)108 410.4 Q F1($\()144 432 Q F2
(command)A F1(\))1.666 E F0(or)108 444 Q F1<92>144 456 Q F2(command)A F1
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-(xpansion by e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F2(command)2.519 E F0
-.02(and replacing the command substitution with the stan-)2.519 F .768
+<92>A(Bash)108 472.8 Q F0 .02(performs the e)2.52 F .02(xpansion by e)
+-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F2(command)2.519 E F0 .019
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(dard output of the command, with an)108 484.8 R 3.268(yt)-.15 G .768
(railing ne)-3.268 F .768(wlines deleted.)-.25 F .768(Embedded ne)5.768
-F .768(wlines are not deleted, b)-.25 F(ut)-.2 E(the)108 496.8 Q 3.218
-(ym)-.15 G .718(ay be remo)-3.218 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.218(dd).15 G .719
-(uring w)-3.218 F .719(ord splitting.)-.1 F .719
+F .768(wlines are not deleted, b)-.25 F(ut)-.2 E(the)108 496.8 Q 3.219
+(ym)-.15 G .719(ay be remo)-3.219 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.219(dd).15 G .719
+(uring w)-3.219 F .719(ord splitting.)-.1 F .719
(The command substitution)5.719 F F1($\(cat)3.219 E F2(\214le)3.219 E F1
-(\))A F0 .719(can be replaced by the)3.219 F(equi)108 508.8 Q -.25(va)
+(\))A F0 .718(can be replaced by the)3.219 F(equi)108 508.8 Q -.25(va)
-.25 G(lent b).25 E(ut f)-.2 E(aster)-.1 E F1($\(<)2.5 E F2(\214le)2.5 E
F1(\))A F0(.)A 1.724(When the old-style backquote form of substitution \
is used, backslash retains its literal meaning e)108 525.6 R(xcept)-.15
-E .314(when follo)108 537.6 R .314(wed by)-.25 F F1($)2.814 E F0(,)A F1
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-(orm, all characters between the parentheses mak)-3.887 F 3.886(eu)-.1 G
-3.886(pt)-3.886 G 1.386(he com-)-3.886 F
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(mand; none are treated specially)108 561.6 Q(.)-.65 E .894
(Command substitutions may be nested.)108 578.4 R 2.494 -.8(To n)5.894 H
.894(est when using the backquoted form, escape the inner back-).8 F
(quotes with backslashes.)108 590.4 Q .422
(If the substitution appears within double quotes, w)108 607.2 R .422
-(ord splitting and pathname e)-.1 F .422(xpansion are not performed)-.15
-F(on the results.)108 619.2 Q F1(Arithmetic Expansion)87 636 Q F0 1.034
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--.25(va)-.25 G 1.034(luation of an arithmetic e).25 F 1.035
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(xpression and the substitution of the result.)-.15 F
(The format for arithmetic e)108 660 Q(xpansion is:)-.15 E F1($\(\()144
676.8 Q F2 -.2(ex)C(pr).2 E(ession)-.37 E F1(\)\))A F0(The)108 693.6 Q
-F2 -.2(ex)2.666 G(pr).2 E(ession)-.37 E F0 .165
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1.074(ens in the e)-.1 F 1.074(xpression under)-.15 F 1.074
-(go parameter e)-.18 F 1.074(xpansion, string e)-.15 F 1.075
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(xpansion, command)-.15 F(substitution, and quote remo)108 717.6 Q -.25
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E F0(is in)2.74 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid,).25 E/F4 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(bash)
2.5 E F0(prints a message indicating f)2.5 E
(ailure and no substitution occurs.)-.1 E F4(Pr)87 112.8 Q
-(ocess Substitution)-.18 E F3(Pr)108 124.8 Q .97(ocess substitution)-.45
-F F0 .971(is supported on systems that support named pipes \()3.47 F F3
-(FIFOs)A F0 3.471(\)o)C 3.471(rt)-3.471 G(he)-3.471 E F4(/de)3.471 E
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-(list)A F4(\)).833 E F0(or)2.521 E F4(>\()2.521 E F3(list)A F4(\)).833 E
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-(is run with its input or output con-)2.521 F .058(nected to a)108 148.8
-R F3(FIFO)2.558 E F0 .058(or some \214le in)2.558 F F4(/de)2.558 E(v/fd)
+(ocess Substitution)-.18 E F3(Pr)108 124.8 Q .971(ocess substitution)
+-.45 F F0 .971(is supported on systems that support named pipes \()3.471
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--5.058 F .059(gument to the current com-)-.18 F .131
-(mand as the result of the e)108 160.8 R 2.631(xpansion. If)-.15 F(the)
+-5.058 F .058(gument to the current com-)-.18 F .13
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2.63 E F4(>\()2.63 E F3(list)A F4(\)).833 E F0 .13
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--.15 F F3(list)2.63 E F0(.)A(If the)108 172.8 Q F4(<\()2.5 E F3(list)A
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-(.)A .896(When a)108 189.6 R -.25(va)-.2 G .896(ilable, process substit\
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+(.)A .897(When a)108 189.6 R -.25(va)-.2 G .896(ilable, process substit\
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(ariable e)-.25 F(xpansion,)-.15 E
(command substitution, and arithmetic e)108 201.6 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F4
--.75(Wo)87 218.4 S(rd Splitting).75 E F0 1.143
-(The shell scans the results of parameter e)108 230.4 R 1.142
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(xpansion that)-.15 F(did not occur within double quotes for)108 242.4 Q
F3(wor)2.5 E 2.5(ds)-.37 G(plitting)-2.5 E F0(.).22 E .063
(The shell treats each character of)108 259.2 R F1(IFS)2.563 E F0 .063
(as a delimiter)2.313 F 2.563(,a)-.4 G .063
(nd splits the results of the other e)-2.563 F .063(xpansions into w)
--.15 F(ords)-.1 E 1.789(on these characters.)108 271.2 R(If)6.789 E F1
-(IFS)4.289 E F0 1.788(is unset, or its v)4.039 F 1.788(alue is e)-.25 F
-(xactly)-.15 E F4(<space><tab><newline>)4.288 E F0 4.288(,t)C 1.788
-(he def)-4.288 F 1.788(ault, then)-.1 F .021(sequences of)108 283.2 R F4
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(es to delimit w)-.15 F(ords.)-.1 E(If)108 307.2 Q F1(IFS)3.617 E F0
1.117(has a v)3.367 F 1.117(alue other than the def)-.25 F 1.117
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108 319.2 R .315(ginning and end of the w)-.15 F .315
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(whitespace characters is also treated as a delim-)2.582 F(iter)108
355.2 Q 5(.I)-.55 G 2.5(ft)-5 G(he v)-2.5 E(alue of)-.25 E F1(IFS)2.5 E
-F0(is null, no w)2.25 E(ord splitting occurs.)-.1 E 1.878
-(Explicit null ar)108 372 R 1.878(guments \()-.18 F F4 .833("").833 G F0
+F0(is null, no w)2.25 E(ord splitting occurs.)-.1 E 1.879
+(Explicit null ar)108 372 R 1.879(guments \()-.18 F F4 .833("").833 G F0
(or)3.545 E F4 .833<0808>5.211 G F0 4.378(\)a)C 1.878(re retained.)
--4.378 F 1.878(Unquoted implicit null ar)6.878 F 1.879
-(guments, resulting from the)-.18 F -.15(ex)108 384 S .177
-(pansion of parameters that ha).15 F .477 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.677(ov).15 G
-.177(alues, are remo)-2.927 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.676(d. If).15 F 2.676(ap)
-2.676 G .176(arameter with no v)-2.676 F .176(alue is e)-.25 F .176
+-4.378 F 1.878(Unquoted implicit null ar)6.878 F 1.878
+(guments, resulting from the)-.18 F -.15(ex)108 384 S .176
+(pansion of parameters that ha).15 F .476 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.676(ov).15 G
+.176(alues, are remo)-2.926 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.676(d. If).15 F 2.677(ap)
+2.677 G .177(arameter with no v)-2.677 F .177(alue is e)-.25 F .177
(xpanded within)-.15 F(double quotes, a null ar)108 396 Q
(gument results and is retained.)-.18 E(Note that if no e)108 412.8 Q
(xpansion occurs, no splitting is performed.)-.15 E F4 -.1(Pa)87 429.6 S
-(thname Expansion).1 E F0 .37(After w)108 441.6 R .37
-(ord splitting, unless the)-.1 F F4<ad66>2.87 E F0 .37
-(option has been set,)2.87 F F4(bash)2.87 E F0 .371(scans each w)2.871 F
-.371(ord for the characters)-.1 F F4(*)2.871 E F0(,)A F4(?)2.871 E F0
-2.871(,a)C(nd)-2.871 E F4([)2.871 E F0(.)A .678
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+(ord splitting, unless the)-.1 F F4<ad66>2.871 E F0 .371
+(option has been set,)2.871 F F4(bash)2.871 E F0 .37(scans each w)2.87 F
+.37(ord for the characters)-.1 F F4(*)2.87 E F0(,)A F4(?)2.87 E F0 2.87
+(,a)C(nd)-2.87 E F4([)2.87 E F0(.)A .677
(If one of these characters appears, then the w)108 453.6 R .677
(ord is re)-.1 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .677(rded as a).05 F F3(pattern)3.177 E
-F0 3.177(,a).24 G .677(nd replaced with an alphabeti-)-3.177 F 1.456
+F0 3.177(,a).24 G .678(nd replaced with an alphabeti-)-3.177 F 1.457
(cally sorted list of \214le names matching the pattern.)108 465.6 R
-1.457(If no matching \214le names are found, and the shell)6.457 F
+1.456(If no matching \214le names are found, and the shell)6.457 F
(option)108 477.6 Q F4(nullglob)3.265 E F0 .765(is disabled, the w)3.265
F .765(ord is left unchanged.)-.1 F .765(If the)5.765 F F4(nullglob)
-3.265 E F0 .765(option is set, and no matches are)3.265 F .305
-(found, the w)108 489.6 R .305(ord is remo)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.805
+3.265 E F0 .765(option is set, and no matches are)3.265 F .306
+(found, the w)108 489.6 R .306(ord is remo)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.806
(d. If).15 F(the)2.805 E F4(failglob)2.805 E F0 .305
(shell option is set, and no matches are found, an error message)2.805 F
-.929(is printed and the command is not e)108 501.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G
+.928(is printed and the command is not e)108 501.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G
3.428(cuted. If).15 F .928(the shell option)3.428 F F4(nocaseglob)3.428
-E F0 .928(is enabled, the match is per)3.428 F(-)-.2 E .032
-(formed without re)108 513.6 R -.05(ga)-.15 G .032
-(rd to the case of alphabetic characters.).05 F .033
-(When a pattern is used for pathname e)5.033 F(xpansion,)-.15 E .105
-(the character)108 525.6 R F4 -.63(``)2.605 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0
-.105(at the start of a name or immediately follo)5.105 F .104
-(wing a slash must be matched e)-.25 F(xplicitly)-.15 E 2.604(,u)-.65 G
-(nless)-2.604 E .887(the shell option)108 537.6 R F4(dotglob)3.387 E F0
-.887(is set.)3.387 F .888
-(When matching a pathname, the slash character must al)5.887 F -.1(wa)
--.1 G .888(ys be matched).1 F -.15(ex)108 549.6 S(plicitly).15 E 6.166
-(.I)-.65 G 3.666(no)-6.166 G 1.166(ther cases, the)-3.666 F F4 -.63(``)
-3.666 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0 1.166
-(character is not treated specially)6.166 F 6.165(.S)-.65 G 1.165
-(ee the description of)-6.165 F F4(shopt)3.665 E F0(belo)3.665 E(w)-.25
-E(under)108 561.6 Q F1 .477(SHELL B)2.977 F(UIL)-.09 E .477
-(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0 .477(for a description of the)2.727 F F4
-(nocaseglob)2.978 E F0(,)A F4(nullglob)2.978 E F0(,)A F4(failglob)2.978
-E F0 2.978(,a)C(nd)-2.978 E F4(dotglob)2.978 E F0(shell options.)108
-573.6 Q(The)108 590.4 Q F1(GLOBIGNORE)2.631 E F0 .131(shell v)2.381 F
-.131(ariable may be used to restrict the set of \214le names matching a)
--.25 F F3(pattern)2.63 E F0 5.13(.I).24 G(f)-5.13 E F1(GLO-)2.63 E
+E F0 .929(is enabled, the match is per)3.429 F(-)-.2 E .033
+(formed without re)108 513.6 R -.05(ga)-.15 G .033
+(rd to the case of alphabetic characters.).05 F .032
+(When a pattern is used for pathname e)5.032 F(xpansion,)-.15 E .104
+(the character)108 525.6 R F4 -.63(``)2.604 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0
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+(wing a slash must be matched e)-.25 F(xplicitly)-.15 E 2.605(,u)-.65 G
+(nless)-2.605 E .888(the shell option)108 537.6 R F4(dotglob)3.388 E F0
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+(When matching a pathname, the slash character must al)5.888 F -.1(wa)
+-.1 G .887(ys be matched).1 F -.15(ex)108 549.6 S(plicitly).15 E 6.165
+(.I)-.65 G 3.665(no)-6.165 G 1.165(ther cases, the)-3.665 F F4 -.63(``)
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+(character is not treated specially)6.165 F 6.166(.S)-.65 G 1.166
+(ee the description of)-6.166 F F4(shopt)3.666 E F0(belo)3.666 E(w)-.25
+E(under)108 561.6 Q F1 .478(SHELL B)2.978 F(UIL)-.09 E .478
+(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0 .477(for a description of the)2.728 F F4
+(nocaseglob)2.977 E F0(,)A F4(nullglob)2.977 E F0(,)A F4(failglob)2.977
+E F0 2.977(,a)C(nd)-2.977 E F4(dotglob)2.977 E F0(shell options.)108
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+(ariable may be used to restrict the set of \214le names matching a)-.25
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(BIGNORE)108 602.4 Q F0 2.015(is set, each matching \214le name that al\
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-4.265 E(remo)108 614.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.504(df).15 G .004
-(rom the list of matches.)-2.504 F .003(The \214le names)5.003 F F4 -.63
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+(rom the list of matches.)-2.503 F .003(The \214le names)5.003 F F4 -.63
(``)2.503 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0(and)5.003 E F4 -.63(``)2.503 G(..)
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-(ys ignored when).1 F F1(GLOBIGNORE)2.503 E F0(is)2.253 E .045
-(set and not null.)108 626.4 R(Ho)5.045 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .845
--.4(r, s).15 H(etting).4 E F1(GLOBIGNORE)2.545 E F0 .046
-(to a non-null v)2.296 F .046(alue has the ef)-.25 F .046
-(fect of enabling the)-.25 F F4(dotglob)2.546 E F0 .614
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+(fect of enabling the)-.25 F F4(dotglob)2.545 E F0 .613
(shell option, so all other \214le names be)108 638.4 R .614
(ginning with a)-.15 F F4 -.63(``)3.114 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0 .614
-(will match.)5.614 F 2.213 -.8(To g)5.614 H .613(et the old beha).8 F
-.613(vior of ignoring)-.2 F .456(\214le names be)108 650.4 R .456
+(will match.)5.614 F 2.214 -.8(To g)5.614 H .614(et the old beha).8 F
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(ginning with a)-.15 F F4 -.63(``)2.957 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0
2.957(,m)C(ak)-2.957 E(e)-.1 E F4 -.63(``)2.957 G(.*').63 E(')-.63 E F0
.457(one of the patterns in)5.457 F F1(GLOBIGNORE)2.957 E F2(.)A F0(The)
-4.957 E F4(dotglob)2.957 E F0 .457(option is)2.957 F(disabled when)108
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662.4 Q F1(GLOBIGNORE)2.5 E F0(is unset.)2.25 E F4 -.1(Pa)108 679.2 S
(tter).1 E 2.5(nM)-.15 G(atching)-2.5 E F0(An)108 696 Q 3.138(yc)-.15 G
.638(haracter that appears in a pattern, other than the special pattern\
(ackslash escapes the follo)-3.62 F 1.12(wing character; the)-.25 F .576
(escaping backslash is discarded when matching.)108 720 R .576
(The special pattern characters must be quoted if the)5.576 F 3.076(ya)
--.15 G(re)-3.076 E(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2008 February 22)138.46 E(20)
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%%Page: 21 21
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BP
(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(*)108 117.6
Q F0(Matches an)31 E 2.5(ys)-.15 G(tring, including the null string.)
-2.5 E F1(?)108 129.6 Q F0(Matches an)31 E 2.5(ys)-.15 G
-(ingle character)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1([...])108 141.6 Q F0 .256
-(Matches an)21.84 F 2.756(yo)-.15 G .257(ne of the enclosed characters.)
--2.756 F 2.757(Ap)5.257 G .257(air of characters separated by a h)-2.757
-F .257(yphen denotes a)-.05 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.15(ra)144 153.6
-S(ng).15 E 3.29(ee)-.1 G(xpr)-3.49 E(ession)-.37 E F0 3.29(;a)C 1.09
--.15(ny c)-3.29 H .789(haracter that sorts between those tw).15 F 3.289
-(oc)-.1 G .789(haracters, inclusi)-3.289 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.289(,u).15 G
-.789(sing the cur)-3.289 F(-)-.2 E .349(rent locale')144 165.6 R 2.849
-(sc)-.55 G .349(ollating sequence and character set, is matched.)-2.849
-F .35(If the \214rst character follo)5.349 F .35(wing the)-.25 F F1([)
-2.85 E F0 .564(is a)144 177.6 R F1(!)3.064 E F0 .564(or a)5.564 F F1(^)
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-(haracter not enclosed is matched.)-3.064 F .563
+(ingle character)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1([...])108 141.6 Q F0 .257
+(Matches an)21.84 F 2.757(yo)-.15 G .257(ne of the enclosed characters.)
+-2.757 F 2.757(Ap)5.257 G .257(air of characters separated by a h)-2.757
+F .256(yphen denotes a)-.05 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.15(ra)144 153.6
+S(ng).15 E 3.289(ee)-.1 G(xpr)-3.489 E(ession)-.37 E F0 3.289(;a)C 1.089
+-.15(ny c)-3.289 H .789(haracter that sorts between those tw).15 F 3.289
+(oc)-.1 G .789(haracters, inclusi)-3.289 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.29(,u).15 G
+.79(sing the cur)-3.29 F(-)-.2 E .35(rent locale')144 165.6 R 2.85(sc)
+-.55 G .35(ollating sequence and character set, is matched.)-2.85 F .349
+(If the \214rst character follo)5.349 F .349(wing the)-.25 F F1([)2.849
+E F0 .563(is a)144 177.6 R F1(!)3.063 E F0 .563(or a)5.563 F F1(^)3.063
+E F0 .564(then an)3.063 F 3.064(yc)-.15 G .564
+(haracter not enclosed is matched.)-3.064 F .564
(The sorting order of characters in range)5.564 F -.15(ex)144 189.6 S
1.102(pressions is determined by the current locale and the v).15 F
-1.102(alue of the)-.25 F F1(LC_COLLA)3.602 E(TE)-.95 E F0 1.103(shell v)
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+3.602 F(ari-)-.25 E .088(able, if set.)144 201.6 R(A)5.088 E F1<ad>2.588
E F0 .088(may be matched by including it as the \214rst or last charact\
-er in the set.)2.589 F(A)5.088 E F1(])2.588 E F0 .088(may be)2.588 F
+er in the set.)2.588 F(A)5.089 E F1(])2.589 E F0 .089(may be)2.589 F
(matched by including it as the \214rst character in the set.)144 213.6
-Q -.4(Wi)144 231.6 S(thin).4 E F1([)2.914 E F0(and)2.914 E F1(])2.914 E
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(can be speci\214ed using the syntax)2.915 F F1([:)2.915 E F2(class)A F1
-(:])A F0 2.915(,w)C(here)-2.915 E F2(class)2.915 E F0 .415(is one of)
-2.915 F(the follo)144 243.6 Q
+(:])A F0 2.914(,w)C(here)-2.914 E F2(class)2.914 E F0 .414(is one of)
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(wing classes de\214ned in the POSIX standard:)-.25 E F1 5.421
(alnum alpha ascii blank cntrl digit graph lo)144 255.6 R 5.421
(wer print punct space upper w)-.1 F(ord)-.1 E(xdigit)144 267.6 Q F0
-2.518(Ac)144 279.6 S .018(haracter class matches an)-2.518 F 2.518(yc)
--.15 G .019(haracter belonging to that class.)-2.518 F(The)5.019 E F1
--.1(wo)2.519 G(rd).1 E F0 .019(character class matches)2.519 F
+2.519(Ac)144 279.6 S .019(haracter class matches an)-2.519 F 2.519(yc)
+-.15 G .019(haracter belonging to that class.)-2.519 F(The)5.018 E F1
+-.1(wo)2.518 G(rd).1 E F0 .018(character class matches)2.518 F
(letters, digits, and the character _.)144 291.6 Q -.4(Wi)144 309.6 S
-(thin).4 E F1([)3.547 E F0(and)3.547 E F1(])3.547 E F0 3.547(,a)C(n)
--3.547 E F2 1.046(equivalence class)3.546 F F0 1.046
-(can be speci\214ed using the syntax)3.546 F F1([=)3.546 E F2(c)A F1(=])
-A F0 3.546(,w)C 1.046(hich matches all)-3.546 F(characters with the sam\
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+(can be speci\214ed using the syntax)3.546 F F1([=)3.547 E F2(c)A F1(=])
+A F0 3.547(,w)C 1.047(hich matches all)-3.547 F(characters with the sam\
e collation weight \(as de\214ned by the current locale\) as the charac\
ter)144 321.6 Q F2(c)2.5 E F0(.)A -.4(Wi)144 339.6 S(thin).4 E F1([)2.5
E F0(and)2.5 E F1(])2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(he syntax)-2.5 E F1([.)2.5 E F2
(symbol)A F1(.])A F0(matches the collating symbol)2.5 E F2(symbol)2.5 E
-F0(.)A .704(If the)108 356.4 R F1(extglob)3.204 E F0 .705
-(shell option is enabled using the)3.204 F F1(shopt)3.205 E F0 -.2(bu)
-3.205 G .705(iltin, se).2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .705(ral e).15 F .705
-(xtended pattern matching operators)-.15 F .256(are recognized.)108
-368.4 R .256(In the follo)5.256 F .256(wing description, a)-.25 F F2
+F0(.)A .705(If the)108 356.4 R F1(extglob)3.205 E F0 .705
+(shell option is enabled using the)3.205 F F1(shopt)3.205 E F0 -.2(bu)
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+(xtended pattern matching operators)-.15 F .255(are recognized.)108
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(pattern-list)2.755 E F0 .255
-(is a list of one or more patterns separated by a)2.755 F F1(|)2.755 E
+(is a list of one or more patterns separated by a)2.755 F F1(|)2.756 E
F0(.)A(Composite patterns may be formed using one or more of the follo)
108 380.4 Q(wing sub-patterns:)-.25 E F1(?\()144 404.4 Q F2
(pattern-list).833 E F1(\)).833 E F0
.15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(!\()144 500.4 Q F2(pattern-list).833 E F1(\))
.833 E F0(Matches an)180 512.4 Q(ything e)-.15 E(xcept one of the gi)
-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(Quote Remo)87 529.2
-Q -.1(va)-.1 G(l).1 E F0 1.112(After the preceding e)108 541.2 R 1.112
+Q -.1(va)-.1 G(l).1 E F0 1.113(After the preceding e)108 541.2 R 1.113
(xpansions, all unquoted occurrences of the characters)-.15 F F1(\\)
-3.613 E F0(,)A F1<08>3.613 E F0 3.613(,a)C(nd)-3.613 E F1(")4.446 E F0
-1.113(that did not result)4.446 F(from one of the abo)108 553.2 Q .3
+3.613 E F0(,)A F1<08>3.612 E F0 3.612(,a)C(nd)-3.612 E F1(")4.445 E F0
+1.112(that did not result)4.445 F(from one of the abo)108 553.2 Q .3
-.15(ve ex)-.15 H(pansions are remo).15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E/F3
10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(REDIRECTION)72 570 Q F0 .545
(Before a command is e)108 582 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .545
(cuted, its input and output may be).15 F F2 -.37(re)3.045 G(dir).37 E
-(ected)-.37 E F0 .545(using a special notation interpreted)3.815 F .616
+(ected)-.37 E F0 .545(using a special notation interpreted)3.815 F .617
(by the shell.)108 594 R .617(Redirection may also be used to open and \
-close \214les for the current shell e)5.616 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .617
-(cution en).15 F(viron-)-.4 E 3.275(ment. The)108 606 R(follo)3.275 E
+close \214les for the current shell e)5.617 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .616
+(cution en).15 F(viron-)-.4 E 3.274(ment. The)108 606 R(follo)3.274 E
.774(wing redirection operators may precede or appear an)-.25 F .774
-(ywhere within a)-.15 F F2 .774(simple command)3.614 F F0(or)4.044 E
+(ywhere within a)-.15 F F2 .775(simple command)3.615 F F0(or)4.045 E
(may follo)108 618 Q 2.5(wa)-.25 G F2(command)A F0 5(.R).77 G
(edirections are processed in the order the)-5 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(ppear)
--2.5 E 2.5(,f)-.4 G(rom left to right.)-2.5 E .283(In the follo)108
-634.8 R .284(wing descriptions, if the \214le descriptor number is omit\
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+-2.5 E 2.5(,f)-.4 G(rom left to right.)-2.5 E .284(In the follo)108
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(ion operator is)108 646.8 R F1(<)3.012 E F0 3.012(,t)C .512
(he redirection refers to the standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\).)
-3.012 F .512(If the \214rst character of the)5.512 F
(redirection operator is)108 658.8 Q F1(>)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C
(he redirection refers to the standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\).)
--2.5 E .824(The w)108 675.6 R .824(ord follo)-.1 F .824
-(wing the redirection operator in the follo)-.25 F .825
-(wing descriptions, unless otherwise noted, is sub-)-.25 F .773
+-2.5 E .825(The w)108 675.6 R .825(ord follo)-.1 F .824
+(wing the redirection operator in the follo)-.25 F .824
+(wing descriptions, unless otherwise noted, is sub-)-.25 F .772
(jected to brace e)108 687.6 R .773(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .773
-(xpansion, parameter e)-.15 F .772
-(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic e)-.15 F(xpan-)-.15 E .843
+(xpansion, parameter e)-.15 F .773
+(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic e)-.15 F(xpan-)-.15 E .844
(sion, quote remo)108 699.6 R -.25(va)-.15 G .843(l, pathname e).25 F
.843(xpansion, and w)-.15 F .843(ord splitting.)-.1 F .843(If it e)5.843
-F .843(xpands to more than one w)-.15 F(ord,)-.1 E F1(bash)3.344 E F0
+F .843(xpands to more than one w)-.15 F(ord,)-.1 E F1(bash)3.343 E F0
(reports an error)108 711.6 Q(.)-.55 E
(Note that the order of redirections is signi\214cant.)108 728.4 Q -.15
(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample, the command)-2.65 E(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q
-(2008 February 22)138.46 E(21)188.45 E 0 Cg EP
+(2008 April 5)148.455 E(21)198.445 E 0 Cg EP
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BP
(directs both standard output and standard error to the \214le)108 100.8
Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(dirlist)2.5 E F0 2.5(,w).68 G
(hile the command)-2.5 E(ls 2)144 117.6 Q F1(>&)A F0(1)A F1(>)2.5 E F0
-(dirlist)2.5 E .388(directs only the standard output to \214le)108 134.4
-R F2(dirlist)2.888 E F0 2.888(,b).68 G .387(ecause the standard error w)
--2.888 F .387(as duplicated as standard output)-.1 F
+(dirlist)2.5 E .387(directs only the standard output to \214le)108 134.4
+R F2(dirlist)2.887 E F0 2.887(,b).68 G .388(ecause the standard error w)
+-2.887 F .388(as duplicated as standard output)-.1 F
(before the standard output w)108 146.4 Q(as redirected to)-.1 E F2
-(dirlist)2.5 E F0(.).68 E F1(Bash)108 163.2 Q F0 .598(handles se)3.098 F
--.15(ve)-.25 G .598(ral \214lenames specially when the).15 F 3.099(ya)
--.15 G .599(re used in redirections, as described in the follo)-3.099 F
+(dirlist)2.5 E F0(.).68 E F1(Bash)108 163.2 Q F0 .599(handles se)3.099 F
+-.15(ve)-.25 G .599(ral \214lenames specially when the).15 F 3.099(ya)
+-.15 G .598(re used in redirections, as described in the follo)-3.099 F
(wing)-.25 E(table:)108 175.2 Q F1(/de)144 192 Q(v/fd/)-.15 E F2(fd)A F0
(If)180 204 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(is a v)2.5 E(alid inte)-.25 E(ger)-.15 E
2.5<2c8c>-.4 G(le descriptor)-2.5 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0(is duplicated.)2.5 E
228 Q F1(/de)144 240 Q(v/stdout)-.15 E F0
(File descriptor 1 is duplicated.)180 252 Q F1(/de)144 264 Q(v/stderr)
-.15 E F0(File descriptor 2 is duplicated.)180 276 Q F1(/de)144 288 Q
-(v/tcp/)-.15 E F2(host)A F1(/)A F2(port)A F0(If)180 300 Q F2(host)2.997
-E F0 .497(is a v)2.997 F .497(alid hostname or Internet address, and)
--.25 F F2(port)2.996 E F0 .496(is an inte)2.996 F .496
+(v/tcp/)-.15 E F2(host)A F1(/)A F2(port)A F0(If)180 300 Q F2(host)2.996
+E F0 .496(is a v)2.996 F .496(alid hostname or Internet address, and)
+-.25 F F2(port)2.997 E F0 .497(is an inte)2.997 F .497
(ger port number or ser)-.15 F(-)-.2 E(vice name,)180 312 Q F1(bash)2.5
E F0(attempts to open a TCP connection to the corresponding sock)2.5 E
(et.)-.1 E F1(/de)144 324 Q(v/udp/)-.15 E F2(host)A F1(/)A F2(port)A F0
-(If)180 336 Q F2(host)2.996 E F0 .496(is a v)2.996 F .496
-(alid hostname or Internet address, and)-.25 F F2(port)2.997 E F0 .497
-(is an inte)2.997 F .497(ger port number or ser)-.15 F(-)-.2 E
+(If)180 336 Q F2(host)2.997 E F0 .497(is a v)2.997 F .497
+(alid hostname or Internet address, and)-.25 F F2(port)2.996 E F0 .496
+(is an inte)2.996 F .496(ger port number or ser)-.15 F(-)-.2 E
(vice name,)180 348 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0
(attempts to open a UDP connection to the corresponding sock)2.5 E(et.)
-.1 E 2.5(Af)108 364.8 S
(ailure to open or create a \214le causes the redirection to f)-2.6 E
-(ail.)-.1 E .947(Redirections using \214le descriptors greater than 9 s\
-hould be used with care, as the)108 381.6 R 3.446(ym)-.15 G .946
-(ay con\215ict with \214le)-3.446 F
+(ail.)-.1 E .946(Redirections using \214le descriptors greater than 9 s\
+hould be used with care, as the)108 381.6 R 3.447(ym)-.15 G .947
+(ay con\215ict with \214le)-3.447 F
(descriptors the shell uses internally)108 393.6 Q(.)-.65 E F1(Redir)87
410.4 Q(ecting Input)-.18 E F0 .391
(Redirection of input causes the \214le whose name results from the e)
(is not speci\214ed.)2.74 E
(The general format for redirecting input is:)108 451.2 Q([)144 468 Q F2
(n)A F0(])A F1(<)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F1(Redir)87 484.8 Q(ecting Output)
--.18 E F0 .175
+-.18 E F0 .174
(Redirection of output causes the \214le whose name results from the e)
-108 496.8 R .174(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.014 E(d)-.37 E F0 .174
-(to be opened for writ-)3.444 F .824(ing on \214le descriptor)108 508.8
-R F2(n)3.324 E F0 3.324(,o).24 G 3.324(rt)-3.324 G .824
-(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-3.324 F F2(n)3.684 E F0
-.824(is not speci\214ed.)3.564 F .825(If the \214le does not)5.825 F
+108 496.8 R .175(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.015 E(d)-.37 E F0 .175
+(to be opened for writ-)3.445 F .825(ing on \214le descriptor)108 508.8
+R F2(n)3.325 E F0 3.325(,o).24 G 3.325(rt)-3.325 G .824
+(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-3.325 F F2(n)3.684 E F0
+.824(is not speci\214ed.)3.564 F .824(If the \214le does not)5.824 F
-.15(ex)108 520.8 S(ist it is created; if it does e).15 E
(xist it is truncated to zero size.)-.15 E
(The general format for redirecting output is:)108 537.6 Q([)144 554.4 Q
-F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .155
-(If the redirection operator is)108 571.2 R F1(>)2.655 E F0 2.655(,a)C
-.155(nd the)-2.655 F F1(noclob)2.655 E(ber)-.1 E F0 .154(option to the)
-2.654 F F1(set)2.654 E F0 -.2(bu)2.654 G .154
-(iltin has been enabled, the redirection).2 F .657(will f)108 583.2 R
-.657(ail if the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F .658
-(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.158 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.158 G .658
-(ists and is a re).15 F .658(gular \214le.)-.15 F .658(If the redi-)
-5.658 F .409(rection operator is)108 595.2 R F1(>|)2.909 E F0 2.909(,o)C
+F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .154
+(If the redirection operator is)108 571.2 R F1(>)2.654 E F0 2.654(,a)C
+.154(nd the)-2.654 F F1(noclob)2.654 E(ber)-.1 E F0 .154(option to the)
+2.654 F F1(set)2.655 E F0 -.2(bu)2.655 G .155
+(iltin has been enabled, the redirection).2 F .658(will f)108 583.2 R
+.658(ail if the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F .658
+(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.158 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.158 G .657
+(ists and is a re).15 F .657(gular \214le.)-.15 F .657(If the redi-)
+5.657 F .408(rection operator is)108 595.2 R F1(>|)2.909 E F0 2.909(,o)C
2.909(rt)-2.909 G .409(he redirection operator is)-2.909 F F1(>)2.909 E
F0 .409(and the)2.909 F F1(noclob)2.909 E(ber)-.1 E F0 .409
-(option to the)2.909 F F1(set)2.909 E F0 -.2(bu)2.908 G .408
+(option to the)2.909 F F1(set)2.909 E F0 -.2(bu)2.909 G .409
(iltin command).2 F(is not enabled, the redirection is attempted e)108
607.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he \214le named by)
-2.5 E F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists.).15 E F1 -.25(Ap)87
-624 S(pending Redir).25 E(ected Output)-.18 E F0 .641
+624 S(pending Redir).25 E(ected Output)-.18 E F0 .642
(Redirection of output in this f)108 636 R .642
-(ashion causes the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F .642
-(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.482 E(d)-.37 E F0 .642(to be)3.912 F .474
-(opened for appending on \214le descriptor)108 648 R F2(n)2.974 E F0
+(ashion causes the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F .641
+(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.481 E(d)-.37 E F0 .641(to be)3.911 F .473
+(opened for appending on \214le descriptor)108 648 R F2(n)2.973 E F0
2.974(,o).24 G 2.974(rt)-2.974 G .474
-(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.974 F F2(n)3.333 E F0
-.473(is not speci\214ed.)3.213 F(If)5.473 E(the \214le does not e)108
+(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.974 F F2(n)3.334 E F0
+.474(is not speci\214ed.)3.214 F(If)5.474 E(the \214le does not e)108
660 Q(xist it is created.)-.15 E
(The general format for appending output is:)108 676.8 Q([)144 693.6 Q
F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>>)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q
-(2008 February 22)138.46 E(22)188.45 E 0 Cg EP
+(2008 April 5)148.455 E(22)198.445 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 23 23
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BP
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Redir)87 84 Q
(ecting Standard Output and Standard Err)-.18 E(or)-.18 E(Bash)108 96 Q
-F0(allo)3.141 E .642(ws both the standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\
+F0(allo)3.142 E .642(ws both the standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\
\) and the standard error output \(\214le descriptor 2\) to)-.25 F
(be redirected to the \214le whose name is the e)108 108 Q(xpansion of)
-.15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(wor)2.84 E(d)-.37 E F0
E F1(>&)A F0(1)A F1(Her)87 216 Q 2.5(eD)-.18 G(ocuments)-2.5 E F0 .33(T\
his type of redirection instructs the shell to read input from the curr\
ent source until a line containing only)108 228 R F2(wor)108.34 240 Q(d)
--.37 E F0 .683(\(with no trailing blanks\) is seen.)3.953 F .684
+-.37 E F0 .684(\(with no trailing blanks\) is seen.)3.954 F .684
(All of the lines read up to that point are then used as the standard)
5.684 F(input for a command.)108 252 Q(The format of here-documents is:)
108 268.8 Q F1(<<)144 285.6 Q F0([)A F1<ad>A F0(])A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E
-(her)164 297.6 Q(e-document)-.37 E(delimiter)144 309.6 Q F0 .128
+(her)164 297.6 Q(e-document)-.37 E(delimiter)144 309.6 Q F0 .127
(No parameter e)108 326.4 R .127
(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic e)-.15 F .127
-(xpansion, or pathname e)-.15 F .127(xpansion is performed)-.15 F(on)108
-338.4 Q F2(wor)3.274 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.774(.I).77 G 3.274(fa)-5.774 G
-1.074 -.15(ny c)-3.274 H .774(haracters in).15 F F2(wor)3.614 E(d)-.37 E
+(xpansion, or pathname e)-.15 F .128(xpansion is performed)-.15 F(on)108
+338.4 Q F2(wor)3.275 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.775(.I).77 G 3.275(fa)-5.775 G
+1.075 -.15(ny c)-3.275 H .774(haracters in).15 F F2(wor)3.614 E(d)-.37 E
F0 .774(are quoted, the)4.044 F F2(delimiter)3.624 E F0 .774
-(is the result of quote remo)4.004 F -.25(va)-.15 G 3.275(lo).25 G(n)
--3.275 E F2(wor)3.275 E(d)-.37 E F0 3.275(,a).77 G(nd)-3.275 E .905
+(is the result of quote remo)4.004 F -.25(va)-.15 G 3.274(lo).25 G(n)
+-3.274 E F2(wor)3.274 E(d)-.37 E F0 3.274(,a).77 G(nd)-3.274 E .904
(the lines in the here-document are not e)108 350.4 R 3.405(xpanded. If)
--.15 F F2(wor)3.405 E(d)-.37 E F0 .904
-(is unquoted, all lines of the here-document are)3.405 F .694
+-.15 F F2(wor)3.405 E(d)-.37 E F0 .905
+(is unquoted, all lines of the here-document are)3.405 F .695
(subjected to parameter e)108 362.4 R .695
-(xpansion, command substitution, and arithmetic e)-.15 F 3.195
-(xpansion. In)-.15 F .695(the latter case, the)3.195 F
+(xpansion, command substitution, and arithmetic e)-.15 F 3.194
+(xpansion. In)-.15 F .694(the latter case, the)3.194 F
(character sequence)108 374.4 Q F1(\\<newline>)2.5 E F0(is ignored, and)
2.5 E F1(\\)2.5 E F0(must be used to quote the characters)2.5 E F1(\\)
-2.5 E F0(,)A F1($)2.5 E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd)-2.5 E F1<92>2.5 E F0(.)A .602
+2.5 E F0(,)A F1($)2.5 E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd)-2.5 E F1<92>2.5 E F0(.)A .601
(If the redirection operator is)108 391.2 R F1(<<\255)3.101 E F0 3.101
(,t)C .601(hen all leading tab characters are stripped from input lines\
and the line)-3.101 F(containing)108 403.2 Q F2(delimiter)2.5 E F0 5
F0(is e)2.5 E
(xpanded and supplied to the command on its standard input.)-.15 E F1
(Duplicating File Descriptors)87 482.4 Q F0(The redirection operator)108
-494.4 Q([)144 511.2 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<&)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .126
+494.4 Q([)144 511.2 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<&)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .127
(is used to duplicate input \214le descriptors.)108 528 R(If)5.127 E F2
-(wor)2.967 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.397 G .127
+(wor)2.967 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.397 G .126
(pands to one or more digits, the \214le descriptor denoted).15 F(by)108
-540 Q F2(n)3.318 E F0 .458(is made to be a cop)3.198 F 2.958(yo)-.1 G
-2.958(ft)-2.958 G .457(hat \214le descriptor)-2.958 F 5.457(.I)-.55 G
-2.957(ft)-5.457 G .457(he digits in)-2.957 F F2(wor)3.297 E(d)-.37 E F0
-.457(do not specify a \214le descriptor open)3.727 F .149
-(for input, a redirection error occurs.)108 552 R(If)5.149 E F2(wor)
-2.989 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.419 G .149(luates to).25 F F1<ad>2.649 E
-F0 2.65<2c8c>C .15(le descriptor)-2.65 F F2(n)3.01 E F0 .15(is closed.)
-2.89 F(If)5.15 E F2(n)3.01 E F0 .15(is not speci\214ed,)2.89 F
+540 Q F2(n)3.317 E F0 .457(is made to be a cop)3.197 F 2.957(yo)-.1 G
+2.957(ft)-2.957 G .457(hat \214le descriptor)-2.957 F 5.457(.I)-.55 G
+2.957(ft)-5.457 G .457(he digits in)-2.957 F F2(wor)3.298 E(d)-.37 E F0
+.458(do not specify a \214le descriptor open)3.728 F .15
+(for input, a redirection error occurs.)108 552 R(If)5.15 E F2(wor)2.99
+E(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.42 G .15(luates to).25 F F1<ad>2.65 E F0 2.649
+<2c8c>C .149(le descriptor)-2.649 F F2(n)3.009 E F0 .149(is closed.)
+2.889 F(If)5.149 E F2(n)3.009 E F0 .149(is not speci\214ed,)2.889 F
(the standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) is used.)108 564 Q
(The operator)108 580.8 Q([)144 597.6 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>&)A F2(wor)A
-(d)-.37 E F0 .444
+(d)-.37 E F0 .443
(is used similarly to duplicate output \214le descriptors.)108 614.4 R
-(If)5.444 E F2(n)3.304 E F0 .443
-(is not speci\214ed, the standard output \(\214le descrip-)3.183 F 1.357
-(tor 1\) is used.)108 626.4 R 1.357(If the digits in)6.357 F F2(wor)
-4.197 E(d)-.37 E F0 1.358(do not specify a \214le descriptor open for o\
-utput, a redirection error)4.627 F 2.597(occurs. As)108 638.4 R 2.597
-(as)2.597 G .097(pecial case, if)-2.597 F F2(n)2.596 E F0 .096
+(If)5.443 E F2(n)3.304 E F0 .444
+(is not speci\214ed, the standard output \(\214le descrip-)3.184 F 1.358
+(tor 1\) is used.)108 626.4 R 1.358(If the digits in)6.358 F F2(wor)
+4.198 E(d)-.37 E F0 1.357(do not specify a \214le descriptor open for o\
+utput, a redirection error)4.628 F 2.596(occurs. As)108 638.4 R 2.596
+(as)2.596 G .096(pecial case, if)-2.596 F F2(n)2.596 E F0 .096
(is omitted, and)2.596 F F2(wor)2.596 E(d)-.37 E F0 .096(does not e)
2.596 F .096(xpand to one or more digits, the standard out-)-.15 F
(put and standard error are redirected as described pre)108 650.4 Q
(viously)-.25 E(.)-.65 E F1(Mo)87 667.2 Q(ving File Descriptors)-.1 E F0
(The redirection operator)108 679.2 Q([)144 696 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<&)A
-F2(digit)A F1<ad>A F0(mo)108 712.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.035(st).15 G .535
-(he \214le descriptor)-3.035 F F2(digit)3.035 E F0 .535
-(to \214le descriptor)3.035 F F2(n)3.035 E F0 3.035(,o).24 G 3.035(rt)
--3.035 G .536(he standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) if)-3.035 F F2
-(n)3.036 E F0 .536(is not speci-)3.036 F(\214ed.)108 724.8 Q F2(digit)5
+F2(digit)A F1<ad>A F0(mo)108 712.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.036(st).15 G .536
+(he \214le descriptor)-3.036 F F2(digit)3.036 E F0 .536
+(to \214le descriptor)3.036 F F2(n)3.036 E F0 3.036(,o).24 G 3.036(rt)
+-3.036 G .535(he standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) if)-3.036 F F2
+(n)3.035 E F0 .535(is not speci-)3.035 F(\214ed.)108 724.8 Q F2(digit)5
E F0(is closed after being duplicated to)2.5 E F2(n)2.5 E F0(.)A
-(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2008 February 22)138.46 E(23)188.45 E 0 Cg EP
+(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2008 April 5)148.455 E(23)198.445 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 24 24
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BP
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
-.35 E(Similarly)108 84 Q 2.5(,t)-.65 G(he redirection operator)-2.5 E
([)144 100.8 Q/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0(])A/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF
-(>&)A F1(digit)A F2<ad>A F0(mo)108 117.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.786(st).15 G
-.286(he \214le descriptor)-2.786 F F1(digit)2.786 E F0 .286
-(to \214le descriptor)2.786 F F1(n)2.786 E F0 2.786(,o).24 G 2.786(rt)
--2.786 G .285(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.786 F F1
-(n)2.785 E F0 .285(is not speci-)2.785 F(\214ed.)108 129.6 Q F2
+(>&)A F1(digit)A F2<ad>A F0(mo)108 117.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.785(st).15 G
+.285(he \214le descriptor)-2.785 F F1(digit)2.785 E F0 .285
+(to \214le descriptor)2.785 F F1(n)2.785 E F0 2.785(,o).24 G 2.785(rt)
+-2.785 G .286(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.785 F F1
+(n)2.786 E F0 .286(is not speci-)2.786 F(\214ed.)108 129.6 Q F2
(Opening File Descriptors f)87 146.4 Q(or Reading and Writing)-.25 E F0
(The redirection operator)108 158.4 Q([)144 175.2 Q F1(n)A F0(])A F2(<>)
A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 1.349(causes the \214le whose name is the e)108
108 204 Q F1(n)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o).24 G 2.5(ro)-2.5 G 2.5<6e8c>-2.5 G
(le descriptor 0 if)-2.5 E F1(n)2.86 E F0(is not speci\214ed.)2.74 E
(If the \214le does not e)5 E(xist, it is created.)-.15 E/F3 10.95
-/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)72 220.8 Q F1(Aliases)108 232.8 Q F0(allo)3.174
-E 3.174(was)-.25 G .674(tring to be substituted for a w)-3.174 F .674
-(ord when it is used as the \214rst w)-.1 F .673
+/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)72 220.8 Q F1(Aliases)108 232.8 Q F0(allo)3.173
+E 3.173(was)-.25 G .674(tring to be substituted for a w)-3.173 F .674
+(ord when it is used as the \214rst w)-.1 F .674
(ord of a simple command.)-.1 F .394(The shell maintains a list of alia\
-ses that may be set and unset with the)108 244.8 R F2(alias)2.894 E F0
-(and)2.894 E F2(unalias)2.894 E F0 -.2(bu)2.894 G .394(iltin commands).2
-F(\(see)108 256.8 Q/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.98(SHELL B)4.48 F(UIL)-.09 E
-1.98(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)4.23 E 4.48(w\). The)-.25 F 1.98
-(\214rst w)4.48 F 1.979(ord of each simple command, if unquoted, is)-.1
-F(check)108 268.8 Q .472(ed to see if it has an alias.)-.1 F .472
-(If so, that w)5.472 F .473(ord is replaced by the te)-.1 F .473
-(xt of the alias.)-.15 F .473(The characters)5.473 F F2(/)2.973 E F0(,)A
-F2($)2.973 E F0(,)A F2<92>2.973 E F0(,)A(and)108 280.8 Q F2(=)3.612 E F0
-1.112(and an)3.612 F 3.612(yo)-.15 G 3.612(ft)-3.612 G 1.112(he shell)
--3.612 F F1(metac)3.612 E(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.112
-(or quoting characters listed abo)3.612 F 1.411 -.15(ve m)-.15 H 1.111
-(ay not appear in an alias).15 F 3.619(name. The)108 292.8 R 1.119
-(replacement te)3.619 F 1.119(xt may contain an)-.15 F 3.619(yv)-.15 G
-1.119(alid shell input, including shell metacharacters.)-3.869 F 1.12
-(The \214rst)6.12 F -.1(wo)108 304.8 S .514(rd of the replacement te).1
-F .514(xt is tested for aliases, b)-.15 F .514(ut a w)-.2 F .513
-(ord that is identical to an alias being e)-.1 F .513(xpanded is)-.15 F
-.295(not e)108 316.8 R .295(xpanded a second time.)-.15 F .296
-(This means that one may alias)5.295 F F2(ls)2.796 E F0(to)2.796 E F2
-.296(ls \255F)2.796 F F0 2.796(,f)C .296(or instance, and)-2.796 F F2
-(bash)2.796 E F0 .296(does not try)2.796 F .543(to recursi)108 328.8 R
--.15(ve)-.25 G .543(ly e).15 F .543(xpand the replacement te)-.15 F
-3.043(xt. If)-.15 F .543(the last character of the alias v)3.043 F .542
-(alue is a)-.25 F F1(blank)3.042 E F0 3.042(,t).67 G .542(hen the ne)
--3.042 F(xt)-.15 E(command w)108 340.8 Q(ord follo)-.1 E
+ses that may be set and unset with the)108 244.8 R F2(alias)2.893 E F0
+(and)2.893 E F2(unalias)2.893 E F0 -.2(bu)2.893 G .393(iltin commands).2
+F(\(see)108 256.8 Q/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.979(SHELL B)4.479 F(UIL)-.09
+E 1.979(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)4.229 E 4.48(w\). The)-.25 F 1.98
+(\214rst w)4.48 F 1.98(ord of each simple command, if unquoted, is)-.1 F
+(check)108 268.8 Q .473(ed to see if it has an alias.)-.1 F .473
+(If so, that w)5.473 F .472(ord is replaced by the te)-.1 F .472
+(xt of the alias.)-.15 F .472(The characters)5.472 F F2(/)2.972 E F0(,)A
+F2($)2.972 E F0(,)A F2<92>2.972 E F0(,)A(and)108 280.8 Q F2(=)3.611 E F0
+1.111(and an)3.611 F 3.611(yo)-.15 G 3.611(ft)-3.611 G 1.111(he shell)
+-3.611 F F1(metac)3.612 E(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.112
+(or quoting characters listed abo)3.612 F 1.412 -.15(ve m)-.15 H 1.112
+(ay not appear in an alias).15 F 3.62(name. The)108 292.8 R 1.12
+(replacement te)3.62 F 1.119(xt may contain an)-.15 F 3.619(yv)-.15 G
+1.119(alid shell input, including shell metacharacters.)-3.869 F 1.119
+(The \214rst)6.119 F -.1(wo)108 304.8 S .513(rd of the replacement te).1
+F .513(xt is tested for aliases, b)-.15 F .513(ut a w)-.2 F .514
+(ord that is identical to an alias being e)-.1 F .514(xpanded is)-.15 F
+.296(not e)108 316.8 R .296(xpanded a second time.)-.15 F .296
+(This means that one may alias)5.296 F F2(ls)2.796 E F0(to)2.796 E F2
+.296(ls \255F)2.796 F F0 2.796(,f)C .295(or instance, and)-2.796 F F2
+(bash)2.795 E F0 .295(does not try)2.795 F .542(to recursi)108 328.8 R
+-.15(ve)-.25 G .542(ly e).15 F .542(xpand the replacement te)-.15 F
+3.042(xt. If)-.15 F .543(the last character of the alias v)3.042 F .543
+(alue is a)-.25 F F1(blank)3.043 E F0 3.043(,t).67 G .543(hen the ne)
+-3.043 F(xt)-.15 E(command w)108 340.8 Q(ord follo)-.1 E
(wing the alias is also check)-.25 E(ed for alias e)-.1 E(xpansion.)-.15
E(Aliases are created and listed with the)108 357.6 Q F2(alias)2.5 E F0
(command, and remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(dw).15 G(ith the)-2.5 E F2
(shell option is set)3.72 F(using)108 415.2 Q F2(shopt)2.5 E F0
(\(see the description of)2.5 E F2(shopt)2.5 E F0(under)2.5 E F4
(SHELL B)2.5 E(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25
-E .435
+E .436
(The rules concerning the de\214nition and use of aliases are some)108
-432 R .436(what confusing.)-.25 F F2(Bash)5.436 E F0(al)2.936 E -.1(wa)
--.1 G .436(ys reads at least).1 F .338
+432 R .435(what confusing.)-.25 F F2(Bash)5.435 E F0(al)2.935 E -.1(wa)
+-.1 G .435(ys reads at least).1 F .337
(one complete line of input before e)108 444 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .338
(cuting an).15 F 2.838(yo)-.15 G 2.838(ft)-2.838 G .338
-(he commands on that line.)-2.838 F .337(Aliases are e)5.337 F .337
-(xpanded when)-.15 F 3.403(ac)108 456 S .904
-(ommand is read, not when it is e)-3.403 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.404
+(he commands on that line.)-2.838 F .338(Aliases are e)5.338 F .338
+(xpanded when)-.15 F 3.404(ac)108 456 S .904
+(ommand is read, not when it is e)-3.404 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.404
(cuted. Therefore,).15 F .904
-(an alias de\214nition appearing on the same line as)3.404 F 1.162
+(an alias de\214nition appearing on the same line as)3.404 F 1.161
(another command does not tak)108 468 R 3.662(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-3.662 G
1.162(ect until the ne).25 F 1.162(xt line of input is read.)-.15 F
-1.161(The commands follo)6.161 F 1.161(wing the)-.25 F .277
+1.162(The commands follo)6.162 F 1.162(wing the)-.25 F .277
(alias de\214nition on that line are not af)108 480 R .277
(fected by the ne)-.25 F 2.777(wa)-.25 G 2.777(lias. This)-2.777 F(beha)
-2.777 E .277(vior is also an issue when functions)-.2 F .699(are e)108
-492 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.199(cuted. Aliases).15 F .699(are e)3.199 F .699
+2.777 E .277(vior is also an issue when functions)-.2 F .698(are e)108
+492 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.198(cuted. Aliases).15 F .698(are e)3.198 F .699
(xpanded when a function de\214nition is read, not when the function is\
- e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted,).15 E .494
+ e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted,).15 E .495
(because a function de\214nition is itself a compound command.)108 504 R
-.495(As a consequence, aliases de\214ned in a func-)5.494 F .085
+.494(As a consequence, aliases de\214ned in a func-)5.494 F .084
(tion are not a)108 516 R -.25(va)-.2 G .084
(ilable until after that function is e).25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.584
(cuted. T).15 F 2.584(ob)-.8 G 2.584(es)-2.584 G .084(afe, al)-2.584 F
--.1(wa)-.1 G .084(ys put alias de\214nitions on a sepa-).1 F
+-.1(wa)-.1 G .085(ys put alias de\214nitions on a sepa-).1 F
(rate line, and do not use)108 528 Q F2(alias)2.5 E F0
(in compound commands.)2.5 E -.15(Fo)108 544.8 S 2.5(ra).15 G(lmost e)
-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ry purpose, aliases are superseded by shell functions.).15 E F3
-(FUNCTIONS)72 561.6 Q F0 3.467(As)108 573.6 S .967
-(hell function, de\214ned as described abo)-3.467 F 1.267 -.15(ve u)-.15
+(FUNCTIONS)72 561.6 Q F0 3.468(As)108 573.6 S .968
+(hell function, de\214ned as described abo)-3.468 F 1.267 -.15(ve u)-.15
H(nder).15 E F4 .967(SHELL GRAMMAR)3.467 F/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0
-.968(stores a series of commands for)3.217 F 1.002(later e)108 585.6 R
--.15(xe)-.15 G 3.502(cution. When).15 F 1.002(the name of a shell funct\
-ion is used as a simple command name, the list of com-)3.502 F .315
+.967(stores a series of commands for)3.217 F 1.001(later e)108 585.6 R
+-.15(xe)-.15 G 3.501(cution. When).15 F 1.002(the name of a shell funct\
+ion is used as a simple command name, the list of com-)3.501 F .316
(mands associated with that function name is e)108 597.6 R -.15(xe)-.15
-G 2.816(cuted. Functions).15 F .316(are e)2.816 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .316
-(cuted in the conte).15 F .316(xt of the current)-.15 F .036
-(shell; no ne)108 609.6 R 2.536(wp)-.25 G .036
-(rocess is created to interpret them \(contrast this with the e)-2.536 F
--.15(xe)-.15 G .036(cution of a shell script\).).15 F .035(When a)5.035
-F .639(function is e)108 621.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .639(cuted, the ar).15 F
+G 2.816(cuted. Functions).15 F .316(are e)2.816 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .315
+(cuted in the conte).15 F .315(xt of the current)-.15 F .035
+(shell; no ne)108 609.6 R 2.535(wp)-.25 G .036
+(rocess is created to interpret them \(contrast this with the e)-2.535 F
+-.15(xe)-.15 G .036(cution of a shell script\).).15 F .036(When a)5.036
+F .64(function is e)108 621.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .64(cuted, the ar).15 F
.639
(guments to the function become the positional parameters during its e)
--.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cution.).15 E .533(The special parameter)108 633.6
-R F2(#)3.033 E F0 .532(is updated to re\215ect the change.)3.033 F .532
-(Special parameter 0 is unchanged.)5.532 F .532(The \214rst ele-)5.532 F
-1.017(ment of the)108 645.6 R F4(FUNCN)3.517 E(AME)-.18 E F0 -.25(va)
-3.267 G 1.017
+-.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cution.).15 E .532(The special parameter)108 633.6
+R F2(#)3.032 E F0 .532(is updated to re\215ect the change.)3.032 F .533
+(Special parameter 0 is unchanged.)5.532 F .533(The \214rst ele-)5.533 F
+1.018(ment of the)108 645.6 R F4(FUNCN)3.518 E(AME)-.18 E F0 -.25(va)
+3.268 G 1.017
(riable is set to the name of the function while the function is e).25 F
--.15(xe)-.15 G 3.518(cuting. All).15 F 1.285
+-.15(xe)-.15 G 3.517(cuting. All).15 F 1.285
(other aspects of the shell e)108 657.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.285
(cution en).15 F 1.285
(vironment are identical between a function and its caller with the)-.4
-F -.15(ex)108 669.6 S 2.029(ception that the).15 F F4(DEB)4.529 E(UG)
--.09 E F0(and)4.279 E F2(RETURN)4.529 E F0 2.029
-(traps \(see the description of the)4.529 F F2(trap)4.53 E F0 -.2(bu)
-4.53 G 2.03(iltin under).2 F F4(SHELL)4.53 E -.09(BU)108 681.6 S(IL).09
-E .479(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)2.729 E .479
+F -.15(ex)108 669.6 S 2.03(ception that the).15 F F4(DEB)4.53 E(UG)-.09
+E F0(and)4.28 E F2(RETURN)4.53 E F0 2.029
+(traps \(see the description of the)4.53 F F2(trap)4.529 E F0 -.2(bu)
+4.529 G 2.029(iltin under).2 F F4(SHELL)4.529 E -.09(BU)108 681.6 S(IL)
+.09 E .478(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)2.728 E .479
(w\) are not inherited unless the function has been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)
--.25 G 2.978(nt).15 G(he)-2.978 E F2(trace)2.978 E F0(attrib)2.978 E
-.478(ute \(see)-.2 F .42(the description of the)108 693.6 R F4(declar)
+-.25 G 2.979(nt).15 G(he)-2.979 E F2(trace)2.979 E F0(attrib)2.979 E
+.479(ute \(see)-.2 F .421(the description of the)108 693.6 R F4(declar)
2.92 E(e)-.162 E F0 -.2(bu)2.67 G .42(iltin belo).2 F .42(w\) or the)
-.25 F F2 .42(\255o functrace)2.92 F F0 .42
-(shell option has been enabled with the)2.92 F F2(set)2.921 E F0 -.2(bu)
+(shell option has been enabled with the)2.92 F F2(set)2.92 E F0 -.2(bu)
108 705.6 S(iltin \(in which case all functions inherit the).2 E F2(DEB)
2.5 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.5 E F2(RETURN)2.5 E F0(traps\).)2.5 E -1.11(Va)
-108 722.4 S .656(riables local to the function may be declared with the)
-1.11 F F2(local)3.155 E F0 -.2(bu)3.155 G .655(iltin command.).2 F
-(Ordinarily)5.655 E 3.155(,v)-.65 G .655(ariables and)-3.405 F
-(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2008 February 22)138.46 E(24)188.45 E 0 Cg EP
+108 722.4 S .655(riables local to the function may be declared with the)
+1.11 F F2(local)3.155 E F0 -.2(bu)3.156 G .656(iltin command.).2 F
+(Ordinarily)5.656 E 3.156(,v)-.65 G .656(ariables and)-3.406 F
+(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2008 April 5)148.455 E(24)198.445 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 25 25
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
-.35 E(their v)108 84 Q
(alues are shared between the function and its caller)-.25 E(.)-.55 E
-.043(If the b)108 100.8 R .043(uiltin command)-.2 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
+.044(If the b)108 100.8 R .043(uiltin command)-.2 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
SF -.18(re)2.543 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .043(is e)2.543 F -.15(xe)-.15
G .043(cuted in a function, the function completes and e).15 F -.15(xe)
--.15 G .044(cution resumes with).15 F 1.012(the ne)108 112.8 R 1.012
+-.15 G .043(cution resumes with).15 F 1.011(the ne)108 112.8 R 1.011
(xt command after the function call.)-.15 F(An)6.011 E 3.511(yc)-.15 G
-1.011(ommand associated with the)-3.511 F F1(RETURN)3.511 E F0 1.011
-(trap is e)3.511 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E .213(before e)108 124.8 R
--.15(xe)-.15 G .213(cution resumes.).15 F .213
-(When a function completes, the v)5.213 F .214
+1.011(ommand associated with the)-3.511 F F1(RETURN)3.512 E F0 1.012
+(trap is e)3.512 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E .214(before e)108 124.8 R
+-.15(xe)-.15 G .214(cution resumes.).15 F .213
+(When a function completes, the v)5.214 F .213
(alues of the positional parameters and the spe-)-.25 F(cial parameter)
108 136.8 Q F1(#)2.5 E F0(are restored to the v)2.5 E(alues the)-.25 E
2.5(yh)-.15 G(ad prior to the function')-2.5 E 2.5(se)-.55 G -.15(xe)
--2.65 G(cution.).15 E 1.359
+-2.65 G(cution.).15 E 1.358
(Function names and de\214nitions may be listed with the)108 153.6 R F1
<ad66>3.858 E F0 1.358(option to the)3.858 F F1(declar)3.858 E(e)-.18 E
-F0(or)3.858 E F1(typeset)3.858 E F0 -.2(bu)3.858 G 1.358(iltin com-).2 F
+F0(or)3.859 E F1(typeset)3.859 E F0 -.2(bu)3.859 G 1.359(iltin com-).2 F
3.39(mands. The)108 165.6 R F1<ad46>3.39 E F0 .89(option to)3.39 F F1
(declar)3.39 E(e)-.18 E F0(or)3.39 E F1(typeset)3.39 E F0 .89
(will list the function names only \(and optionally the source)3.39 F
-.327(\214le and line number)108 177.6 R 2.827(,i)-.4 G 2.827(ft)-2.827 G
-(he)-2.827 E F1(extdeb)2.827 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .326
-(shell option is enabled\).)2.827 F .326(Functions may be e)5.326 F .326
-(xported so that subshells)-.15 F 1.297(automatically ha)108 189.6 R
-1.597 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.297(hem de\214ned with the).15 F F1<ad66>3.797 E
-F0 1.297(option to the)3.797 F F1(export)3.798 E F0 -.2(bu)3.798 G 3.798
-(iltin. A).2 F 1.298(function de\214nition may be)3.798 F .161
-(deleted using the)108 201.6 R F1<ad66>2.661 E F0 .161(option to the)
-2.661 F F1(unset)2.661 E F0 -.2(bu)2.661 G 2.661(iltin. Note).2 F .16
-(that shell functions and v)2.661 F .16(ariables with the same name)-.25
-F 1.325(may result in multiple identically-named entries in the en)108
-213.6 R 1.325(vironment passed to the shell')-.4 F 3.825(sc)-.55 G 3.825
-(hildren. Care)-3.825 F(should be tak)108 225.6 Q
+.326(\214le and line number)108 177.6 R 2.826(,i)-.4 G 2.826(ft)-2.826 G
+(he)-2.826 E F1(extdeb)2.826 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .326
+(shell option is enabled\).)2.826 F .327(Functions may be e)5.327 F .327
+(xported so that subshells)-.15 F 1.298(automatically ha)108 189.6 R
+1.598 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.298(hem de\214ned with the).15 F F1<ad66>3.798 E
+F0 1.298(option to the)3.798 F F1(export)3.797 E F0 -.2(bu)3.797 G 3.797
+(iltin. A).2 F 1.297(function de\214nition may be)3.797 F .16
+(deleted using the)108 201.6 R F1<ad66>2.66 E F0 .16(option to the)2.66
+F F1(unset)2.66 E F0 -.2(bu)2.66 G 2.661(iltin. Note).2 F .161
+(that shell functions and v)2.661 F .161(ariables with the same name)
+-.25 F 1.325(may result in multiple identically-named entries in the en)
+108 213.6 R 1.325(vironment passed to the shell')-.4 F 3.825(sc)-.55 G
+3.825(hildren. Care)-3.825 F(should be tak)108 225.6 Q
(en in cases where this may cause a problem.)-.1 E
(Functions may be recursi)108 242.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 5(.N).15 G 2.5(ol)
-5 G(imit is imposed on the number of recursi)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve c)-.25 H
(alls.).15 E/F2 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(ARITHMETIC EV)72 259.2 Q(ALU)
--1.478 E -1.04(AT)-.657 G(ION)1.04 E F0 2.298(The shell allo)108 271.2 R
+-1.478 E -1.04(AT)-.657 G(ION)1.04 E F0 2.297(The shell allo)108 271.2 R
2.297(ws arithmetic e)-.25 F 2.297(xpressions to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)
-.25 G 2.297(luated, under certain circumstances \(see the).25 F F1(let)
-4.797 E F0(and)4.797 E F1(declar)108 283.2 Q(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.705 G
-.205(iltin commands and).2 F F1 .205(Arithmetic Expansion)2.705 F F0
-2.705(\). Ev)B .205(aluation is done in \214x)-.25 F .206(ed-width inte)
--.15 F .206(gers with no)-.15 F .429(check for o)108 295.2 R -.15(ve)
--.15 G(r\215o).15 E 1.729 -.65(w, t)-.25 H .429(hough di).65 F .428
-(vision by 0 is trapped and \215agged as an error)-.25 F 5.428(.T)-.55 G
-.428(he operators and their prece-)-5.428 F 1.919(dence, associati)108
-307.2 R(vity)-.25 E 4.419(,a)-.65 G 1.919(nd v)-4.419 F 1.919
-(alues are the same as in the C language.)-.25 F 1.92(The follo)6.92 F
-1.92(wing list of operators is)-.25 F(grouped into le)108 319.2 Q -.15
+4.798 E F0(and)4.798 E F1(declar)108 283.2 Q(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.706 G
+.206(iltin commands and).2 F F1 .206(Arithmetic Expansion)2.706 F F0
+2.705(\). Ev)B .205(aluation is done in \214x)-.25 F .205(ed-width inte)
+-.15 F .205(gers with no)-.15 F .428(check for o)108 295.2 R -.15(ve)
+-.15 G(r\215o).15 E 1.728 -.65(w, t)-.25 H .428(hough di).65 F .428
+(vision by 0 is trapped and \215agged as an error)-.25 F 5.429(.T)-.55 G
+.429(he operators and their prece-)-5.429 F 1.92(dence, associati)108
+307.2 R(vity)-.25 E 4.42(,a)-.65 G 1.92(nd v)-4.42 F 1.92
+(alues are the same as in the C language.)-.25 F 1.919(The follo)6.919 F
+1.919(wing list of operators is)-.25 F(grouped into le)108 319.2 Q -.15
(ve)-.25 G(ls of equal-precedence operators.).15 E(The le)5 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G(ls are listed in order of decreasing precedence.).15 E/F3 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(id)108 336 Q F1(++)A F3(id)2.5 E F1<adad>A F0 -.25
(comma)144 612 Q .68(Shell v)108 628.8 R .68(ariables are allo)-.25 F
.68(wed as operands; parameter e)-.25 F .68
(xpansion is performed before the e)-.15 F .68(xpression is e)-.15 F
--.25(va)-.25 G(lu-).25 E 3.507(ated. W)108 640.8 R 1.007(ithin an e)-.4
-F 1.007(xpression, shell v)-.15 F 1.007
+-.25(va)-.25 G(lu-).25 E 3.508(ated. W)108 640.8 R 1.008(ithin an e)-.4
+F 1.008(xpression, shell v)-.15 F 1.007
(ariables may also be referenced by name without using the parameter)
--.25 F -.15(ex)108 652.8 S 1.041(pansion syntax.).15 F 3.541(As)6.041 G
-1.041(hell v)-3.541 F 1.041(ariable that is null or unset e)-.25 F -.25
-(va)-.25 G 1.04(luates to 0 when referenced by name without).25 F 1.466
-(using the parameter e)108 664.8 R 1.466(xpansion syntax.)-.15 F 1.467
-(The v)6.466 F 1.467(alue of a v)-.25 F 1.467(ariable is e)-.25 F -.25
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(If there is a command name left after e)108 472.8 R 1.064(xpansion, e)
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-(xit status of the last command substitution performed.)-.15 F .467
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F(gu-)-.18 E(ments, the follo)108 549.6 Q(wing actions are tak)-.25 E
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-(ve s)-.25 H .457(hell\), and).15 F F4(SIGINT)2.957 E F0 .458
-(is caught and handled \(so that the)2.707 F F3(wait)2.958 E F0 -.2(bu)
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-(SIGTSTP)2.5 E F5(.)A F0 2.045(The shell e)108 638.4 R 2.045
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F .546(aiting for a command to complete and recei)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
3.046(sas).15 G .546(ignal for which a trap has been set, the trap)
--3.046 F .662(will not be e)108 96 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .662
+-3.046 F .663(will not be e)108 96 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .663
(cuted until the command completes.).15 F(When)5.663 E F1(bash)3.163 E
-F0 .663(is w)3.163 F .663(aiting for an asynchronous command)-.1 F .99
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(via the)108 108 R F1(wait)3.49 E F0 -.2(bu)3.49 G .99(iltin, the recep\
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(wait)3.49 E F0 -.2(bu)3.49 G .99(iltin to).2 F
(return immediately with an e)108 120 Q
(xit status greater than 128, immediately after which the trap is e)-.15
E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E/F2 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(JOB CONTR)72
-136.8 Q(OL)-.329 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.25(Jo)108 148.8 S 4.567(bc)
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(cution of processes and continue).15 F(\()108 160.8 Q F3 -.37(re)C
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(All of the processes in a single pipeline are members of the same job)
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-(To f)108 288 T 1.462(acilitate the implementation of the user interf).7
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312 R .323 -.15(ve k)-.25 H -.15(ey).05 G .023
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424.8 R(to)108 436.8 Q F1(bash)3.392 E F0 5.892(.T)C .892
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(fect of causing pending output and typeahead to be dis-)-.25 F(carded.)
-108 472.8 Q 1.097(There are a number of w)108 489.6 R 1.097
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108 501.6 Q F3(n)3.13 E F0 .27(may be referred to as)3.01 F F1(%n)2.77 E
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(This is the library that handles reading input when using an interacti)
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(hen hold).15 F(the Control k)108 96 Q .3 -.15(ey w)-.1 H
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-(ument to a command that).18 F 1.019(acts in the forw)108 136.8 R 1.018
+(ument to a command that).18 F 1.018(acts in the forw)108 136.8 R 1.018
(ard direction \(e.g.,)-.1 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(kill\255line)3.518 E
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-(ard direction.)-.1 F(Com-)6.018 E(mands whose beha)108 148.8 Q
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+(ard direction.)-.1 F(Com-)6.019 E(mands whose beha)108 148.8 Q
(vior with ar)-.2 E(guments de)-.18 E(viates from this are noted belo)
--.25 E -.65(w.)-.25 G .811(When a command is described as)108 165.6 R F1
+-.25 E -.65(w.)-.25 G .812(When a command is described as)108 165.6 R F1
(killing)3.311 E F0(te)3.311 E .811(xt, the te)-.15 F .811
-(xt deleted is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.311(df).15 G .812
-(or possible future retrie)-3.311 F -.25(va)-.25 G 3.312(l\().25 G F1
-(yank-)-3.312 E(ing)108 177.6 Q F0 2.529(\). The)B .029(killed te)2.529
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108 201.6 Q F2(Readline Initialization)87 218.4 Q F0 .091(Readline is c\
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-(name of this \214le)2.591 F .196(is tak)108 242.4 R .196(en from the v)
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+(name of this \214le)2.591 F .197(is tak)108 242.4 R .196(en from the v)
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(ariable is unset, the def)-.25 F .196(ault is)-.1 F F1(~/.inputr)2.696
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-(va)108 266.4 S 1.149(riables are set.).25 F 1.149(There are only a fe)
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(lines are ignored.)108 278.4 R .737(Lines be)5.737 F .737
(ginning with a)-.15 F F2(#)3.237 E F0 .737(are comments.)3.237 F .737
-(Lines be)5.737 F .737(ginning with a)-.15 F F2($)3.237 E F0 .736
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(lines denote k)2.5 E .3 -.15(ey b)-.1 H(indings and v).15 E
-(ariable settings.)-.25 E .986(The def)108 307.2 R .986(ault k)-.1 F
+(ariable settings.)-.25 E .987(The def)108 307.2 R .987(ault k)-.1 F
-.15(ey)-.1 G .987(-bindings may be changed with an).15 F F1(inputr)
3.497 E(c)-.37 E F0 3.487(\214le. Other)3.797 F .987
(programs that use this library may)3.487 F(add their o)108 319.2 Q
376.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E(into the)108 388.8
Q F1(inputr)2.51 E(c)-.37 E F0 -.1(wo)2.81 G(uld mak).1 E 2.5(eM)-.1 G
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F1 -.4(RU)3.761 G(BOUT).4 E F0(,)1.27 E F1(DEL)3.761 E F0(,).53 E F1
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-(,).73 E F1(RET)3.76 E F0(,)1.27 E F1(RETURN)108 417.6 Q F0(,)1.1 E F1
+(ESC)3.761 E F0(,).72 E F1(LFD)3.761 E F0(,).28 E F1(NEWLINE)3.761 E F0
+(,).73 E F1(RET)3.761 E F0(,)1.27 E F1(RETURN)108 417.6 Q F0(,)1.1 E F1
(SPC)2.5 E F0(,).72 E F1(SP)2.5 E -.3(AC)-.9 G(E).3 E F0 2.5(,a).73 G
(nd)-2.5 E F1 -.5(TA)2.5 G(B).5 E F0(.).27 E .209
(In addition to command names, readline allo)108 434.4 R .209(ws k)-.25
(The syntax for controlling k)108 475.2 R .666 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .366
(indings in the).15 F F1(inputr)2.876 E(c)-.37 E F0 .366
(\214le is simple.)3.176 F .366(All that is required is the name of the)
-5.366 F .382(command or the te)108 487.2 R .383(xt of a macro and a k)
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-.15 F .683 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .383
(equence to which it should be bound. The name may be speci-).15 F .853
(\214ed in one of tw)108 499.2 R 3.353(ow)-.1 G .853
(ays: as a symbolic k)-3.453 F 1.153 -.15(ey n)-.1 H .853
(ame, possibly with).15 F F1(Meta\255)3.353 E F0(or)3.353 E F1(Contr)
3.353 E(ol\255)-.45 E F0(pre\214x)3.353 E .853(es, or as a k)-.15 F -.15
-(ey)-.1 G(sequence.)108 511.2 Q 1.541(When using the form)108 528 R F2
--.1(ke)4.041 G(yname).1 E F0(:)A F1(function\255name).833 E F0(or)4.041
+(ey)-.1 G(sequence.)108 511.2 Q 1.542(When using the form)108 528 R F2
+-.1(ke)4.042 G(yname).1 E F0(:)A F1(function\255name).833 E F0(or)4.042
E F1(macr)4.042 E(o)-.45 E F0(,)A F1 -.1(ke)4.042 G(yname)-.2 E F0 1.542
-(is the name of a k)4.222 F 1.842 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 1.542(pelled out in)
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.15 F 2.5(English. F)108 540 R(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E
(Control-u: uni)144 564 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E
(Meta-Rubout: backw)144 576 Q(ard-kill-w)-.1 E(ord)-.1 E
-(Control-o: "> output")144 588 Q .699(In the abo)108 604.8 R .998 -.15
+(Control-o: "> output")144 588 Q .698(In the abo)108 604.8 R .998 -.15
(ve ex)-.15 H(ample,).15 E F1(C\255u)3.038 E F0 .698
(is bound to the function)3.448 F F2(uni)3.198 E -.1(ve)-.1 G
(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(,)A F1(M\255DEL)3.878 E F0 .698
(is bound to the func-)3.728 F(tion)108 616.8 Q F2
-(backward\255kill\255w)2.758 E(ord)-.1 E F0 2.758(,a)C(nd)-2.758 E F1
-(C\255o)2.598 E F0 .258(is bound to run the macro e)2.938 F .259
+(backward\255kill\255w)2.759 E(ord)-.1 E F0 2.759(,a)C(nd)-2.759 E F1
+(C\255o)2.599 E F0 .258(is bound to run the macro e)2.939 F .258
(xpressed on the right hand side \(that is, to)-.15 F(insert the te)108
628.8 Q(xt)-.15 E/F4 10/Courier@0 SF 6(>o)2.5 G(utput)-6 E F0
-(into the line\).)2.5 E .056(In the second form,)108 645.6 R F2("k)2.556
-E(eyseq")-.1 E F0(:)A F1(function\255name).833 E F0(or)2.556 E F1(macr)
-2.556 E(o)-.45 E F0(,)A F2 -.1(ke)2.556 G(yseq).1 E F0(dif)2.555 E .055
-(fers from)-.25 F F2 -.1(ke)2.555 G(yname).1 E F0(abo)2.555 E .355 -.15
-(ve i)-.15 H 2.555(nt).15 G .055(hat strings)-2.555 F 1.284
+(into the line\).)2.5 E .055(In the second form,)108 645.6 R F2("k)2.555
+E(eyseq")-.1 E F0(:)A F1(function\255name).833 E F0(or)2.555 E F1(macr)
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+(fers from)-.25 F F2 -.1(ke)2.556 G(yname).1 E F0(abo)2.556 E .356 -.15
+(ve i)-.15 H 2.556(nt).15 G .056(hat strings)-2.556 F 1.284
(denoting an entire k)108 657.6 R 1.584 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 1.284(equence m\
ay be speci\214ed by placing the sequence within double quotes.).15 F
-(Some)6.284 E .386(GNU Emacs style k)108 669.6 R .686 -.15(ey e)-.1 H
-.385(scapes can be used, as in the follo).15 F .385(wing e)-.25 F .385
-(xample, b)-.15 F .385(ut the symbolic character names)-.2 F
+(Some)6.284 E .385(GNU Emacs style k)108 669.6 R .685 -.15(ey e)-.1 H
+.385(scapes can be used, as in the follo).15 F .385(wing e)-.25 F .386
+(xample, b)-.15 F .386(ut the symbolic character names)-.2 F
(are not recognized.)108 681.6 Q("\\C\255u": uni)144 705.6 Q -.15(ve)
-.25 G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E
("\\C\255x\\C\255r": re\255read\255init\255\214le)144 717.6 Q
("\\e[11~": "Function K)144 729.6 Q .3 -.15(ey 1)-.25 H(").15 E
-(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2008 February 22)138.46 E(32)188.45 E 0 Cg EP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E .314(In this e)108 84 R(xample,)-.15 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
-(C\255u)2.654 E F0 .314(is ag)3.064 F .315(ain bound to the function)
+-.35 E .315(In this e)108 84 R(xample,)-.15 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
+(C\255u)2.655 E F0 .315(is ag)3.065 F .315(ain bound to the function)
-.05 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(uni)2.815 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E
-(gument)-.1 E F0(.)A F1 .315(C\255x C\255r)5.155 F F0 .315
-(is bound to the func-)3.54
5 F(tion)108 96 Q F2 -.18(re)2.5 G<ad72>.18 E
+(gument)-.1 E F0(.)A F1 .315(C\255x C\255r)5.155 F F0 .314
+(is bound to the func-)3.54
4 F(tion)108 96 Q F2 -.18(re)2.5 G<ad72>.18 E
(ead\255init\255\214le)-.18 E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd)-2.5 E F1(ESC [ 1 1 ~)3.01
E F0(is bound to insert the te)3.94 E(xt)-.15 E/F3 10/Courier@0 SF
(Function Key 1)2.5 E F0(.)A
-.25 E(alue)-.25 E F1(nnn)2.5 E F0(\(one to three digits\))2.5 E F2(\\x)
144 321.6 Q F1(HH)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)13.78 E
(alue is the he)-.25 E(xadecimal v)-.15 E(alue)-.25 E F1(HH)2.5 E F0
-(\(one or tw)2.5 E 2.5(oh)-.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E 1.142
+(\(one or tw)2.5 E 2.5(oh)-.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E 1.141
(When entering the te)108 338.4 R 1.141(xt of a macro, single or double\
- quotes must be used to indicate a macro de\214nition.)-.15 F .089
-(Unquoted te)108 350.4 R .089(xt is assumed to be a function name.)-.15
-F .09(In the macro body)5.089 F 2.59(,t)-.65 G .09
-(he backslash escapes described abo)-2.59 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(are e)108
+ quotes must be used to indicate a macro de\214nition.)-.15 F .09
+(Unquoted te)108 350.4 R .09(xt is assumed to be a function name.)-.15 F
+.089(In the macro body)5.089 F 2.589(,t)-.65 G .089
+(he backslash escapes described abo)-2.589 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(are e)108
362.4 Q 2.5(xpanded. Backslash)-.15 F(will quote an)2.5 E 2.5(yo)-.15 G
(ther character in the macro te)-2.5 E(xt, including " and \010.)-.15 E
-F2(Bash)108 379.2 Q F0(allo)2.93 E .43(ws the current readline k)-.25 F
-.73 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .429(indings to be displayed or modi\214ed with the)
-.15 F F2(bind)2.929 E F0 -.2(bu)2.929 G .429(iltin command.).2 F .045
-(The editing mode may be switched during interacti)108 391.2 R .345 -.15
-(ve u)-.25 H .046(se by using the).15 F F2<ad6f>2.546 E F0 .046
-(option to the)2.546 F F2(set)2.546 E F0 -.2(bu)2.546 G .046
+F2(Bash)108 379.2 Q F0(allo)2.929 E .429(ws the current readline k)-.25
+F .729 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .429
+(indings to be displayed or modi\214ed with the).15 F F2(bind)2.93 E F0
+-.2(bu)2.93 G .43(iltin command.).2 F .046
+(The editing mode may be switched during interacti)108 391.2 R .346 -.15
+(ve u)-.25 H .046(se by using the).15 F F2<ad6f>2.545 E F0 .045
+(option to the)2.545 F F2(set)2.545 E F0 -.2(bu)2.545 G .045
(iltin command).2 F(\(see)108 403.2 Q/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)2.5 E
(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F2
-(Readline V)87 420 Q(ariables)-.92 E F0 .044(Readline has v)108 432 R
+(Readline V)87 420 Q(ariables)-.92 E F0 .043(Readline has v)108 432 R
.043(ariables that can be used to further customize its beha)-.25 F
(vior)-.2 E 5.043(.A)-.55 G -.25(va)-2.5 G .043
-(riable may be set in the).25 F F1(inpu-)2.553 E(tr)108 444 Q(c)-.37 E
+(riable may be set in the).25 F F1(inpu-)2.554 E(tr)108 444 Q(c)-.37 E
F0(\214le with a statement of the form)2.81 E F2(set)144 460.8 Q F1
(variable\255name value)2.5 E F0 .79(Except where noted, readline v)108
477.6 R .79(ariables can tak)-.25 F 3.29(et)-.1 G .79(he v)-3.29 F
(alues)-.25 E F2(On)3.29 E F0(or)3.29 E F2(Off)3.29 E F0 .79
(\(without re)3.29 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .79(rd to case\).).05 F(Unrecog-)
-5.79 E .449(nized v)108 489.6 R .448(ariable names are ignored.)-.25 F
+5.79 E .448(nized v)108 489.6 R .448(ariable names are ignored.)-.25 F
.448(When a v)5.448 F .448(ariable v)-.25 F .448
-(alue is read, empty or null v)-.25 F .448(alues, "on" \(case-insensi-)
--.25 F(ti)108 501.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .467(\), and "1" are equi).15 F
+(alue is read, empty or null v)-.25 F .449(alues, "on" \(case-insensi-)
+-.25 F(ti)108 501.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .468(\), and "1" are equi).15 F
-.25(va)-.25 G .468(lent to).25 F F2(On)2.968 E F0 5.468(.A)C .468
(ll other v)-5.468 F .468(alues are equi)-.25 F -.25(va)-.25 G .468
-(lent to).25 F F2(Off)2.968 E F0 5.468(.T)C .468(he v)-5.468 F .468
+(lent to).25 F F2(Off)2.968 E F0 5.468(.T)C .467(he v)-5.468 F .467
(ariables and their def)-.25 F(ault)-.1 E -.25(va)108 513.6 S(lues are:)
-.25 E F2(bell\255style \(audible\))108 530.4 Q F0 .011
+.25 E F2(bell\255style \(audible\))108 530.4 Q F0 .01
(Controls what happens when readline w)144 542.4 R .011
-(ants to ring the terminal bell.)-.1 F .01(If set to)5.01 F F2(none)2.51
-E F0 2.51(,r)C .01(eadline ne)-2.51 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E .94
-(rings the bell.)144 554.4 R .94(If set to)5.94 F F2(visible)3.44 E F0
-3.44(,r)C .94(eadline uses a visible bell if one is a)-3.44 F -.25(va)
--.2 G 3.44(ilable. If).25 F .94(set to)3.44 F F2(audible)3.44 E F0(,)A
-(readline attempts to ring the terminal')144 566.4 Q 2.5(sb)-.55 G(ell.)
--2.5 E F2(bind\255tty\255special\255chars \(On\))108 578.4 Q F0 .056
-(If set to)144 590.4 R F2(On)2.556 E F0 2.556(,r)C .056(eadline attempt\
-s to bind the control characters treated specially by the k)-2.556 F
-(ernel')-.1 E 2.555(st)-.55 G(ermi-)-2.555 E(nal dri)144 602.4 Q -.15
+(ants to ring the terminal bell.)-.1 F .011(If set to)5.011 F F2(none)
+2.511 E F0 2.511(,r)C .011(eadline ne)-2.511 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E
+.94(rings the bell.)144 554.4 R .94(If set to)5.94 F F2(visible)3.44 E
+F0 3.44(,r)C .94(eadline uses a visible bell if one is a)-3.44 F -.25
+(va)-.2 G 3.44(ilable. If).25 F .94(set to)3.44 F F2(audible)3.44 E F0
+(,)A(readline attempts to ring the terminal')144 566.4 Q 2.5(sb)-.55 G
+(ell.)-2.5 E F2(bind\255tty\255special\255chars \(On\))108 578.4 Q F0
+.055(If set to)144 590.4 R F2(On)2.555 E F0 2.555(,r)C .056(eadline att\
+empts to bind the control characters treated specially by the k)-2.555 F
+(ernel')-.1 E 2.556(st)-.55 G(ermi-)-2.556 E(nal dri)144 602.4 Q -.15
(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rt).15 G 2.5(ot)-2.5 G(heir readline equi)-2.5 E -.25(va)
-.25 G(lents.).25 E F2(comment\255begin \(`)108 614.4 Q(`#')-.63 E('\))
--.63 E F0 .884(The string that is inserted when the readline)144 626.4 R
-F2(insert\255comment)3.385 E F0 .885(command is e)3.385 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
-3.385(cuted. This).15 F(com-)3.385 E(mand is bound to)144 638.4 Q F2
+-.63 E F0 .885(The string that is inserted when the readline)144 626.4 R
+F2(insert\255comment)3.385 E F0 .884(command is e)3.384 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
+3.384(cuted. This).15 F(com-)3.384 E(mand is bound to)144 638.4 Q F2
(M\255#)2.5 E F0(in emacs mode and to)2.5 E F2(#)2.5 E F0
(in vi command mode.)2.5 E F2(completion\255ignor)108 650.4 Q
(e\255case \(Off\))-.18 E F0(If set to)144 662.4 Q F2(On)2.5 E F0 2.5
(,r)C(eadline performs \214lename matching and completion in a case\255\
insensiti)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve f)-.25 H(ashion.).05 E F2
-(completion\255query\255items \(100\))108 674.4 Q F0 .53
-(This determines when the user is queried about vie)144 686.4 R .529
-(wing the number of possible completions gen-)-.25 F .56(erated by the)
-144 698.4 R F2(possible\255completions)3.06 E F0 3.06(command. It)3.06 F
-.561(may be set to an)3.061 F 3.061(yi)-.15 G(nte)-3.061 E .561(ger v)
--.15 F .561(alue greater than or)-.25 F .783(equal to zero.)144 710.4 R
-.783(If the number of possible completions is greater than or equal to \
-the v)5.783 F .782(alue of this)-.25 F -.25(va)144 722.4 S .237
+(completion\255query\255items \(100\))108 674.4 Q F0 .529
+(This determines when the user is queried about vie)144 686.4 R .53
+(wing the number of possible completions gen-)-.25 F .561(erated by the)
+144 698.4 R F2(possible\255completions)3.061 E F0 3.061(command. It)
+3.061 F .561(may be set to an)3.061 F 3.06(yi)-.15 G(nte)-3.06 E .56
+(ger v)-.15 F .56(alue greater than or)-.25 F .782(equal to zero.)144
+710.4 R .783(If the number of possible completions is greater than or e\
+qual to the v)5.782 F .783(alue of this)-.25 F -.25(va)144 722.4 S .237
(riable, the user is ask).25 F .237(ed whether or not he wishes to vie)
-.1 F 2.737(wt)-.25 G .237(hem; otherwise the)-2.737 F 2.737(ya)-.15 G
-.237(re simply listed)-2.737 F(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2008 February 22)
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
-.35 E(on the terminal.)144 84 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(con)108 96 Q -.1
-(ve)-.4 G(rt\255meta \(On\)).1 E F0 .613(If set to)144 108 R F1(On)3.113
-E F0 3.113(,r)C .613(eadline will con)-3.113 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .613
-(rt characters with the eighth bit set to an ASCII k).15 F .912 -.15
-(ey s)-.1 H .612(equence by).15 F .541
+(ve)-.4 G(rt\255meta \(On\)).1 E F0 .612(If set to)144 108 R F1(On)3.112
+E F0 3.112(,r)C .613(eadline will con)-3.112 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .613
+(rt characters with the eighth bit set to an ASCII k).15 F .913 -.15
+(ey s)-.1 H .613(equence by).15 F .541
(stripping the eighth bit and pre\214xing an escape character \(in ef)
144 120 R .541(fect, using escape as the)-.25 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
-.542(meta pr)3.042 F(e-)-.37 E<8c78>144 132 Q F0(\).)A F1
+.541(meta pr)3.041 F(e-)-.37 E<8c78>144 132 Q F0(\).)A F1
(disable\255completion \(Off\))108 144 Q F0 .038(If set to)144 156 R F1
(On)2.538 E F0 2.538(,r)C .038(eadline will inhibit w)-2.538 F .038
(ord completion.)-.1 F .038
(Completion characters will be inserted into the)5.038 F(line as if the)
144 168 Q 2.5(yh)-.15 G(ad been mapped to)-2.5 E F1(self-insert)2.5 E F0
-(.)A F1(editing\255mode \(emacs\))108 180 Q F0 .252
+(.)A F1(editing\255mode \(emacs\))108 180 Q F0 .253
(Controls whether readline be)144 192 R .253(gins with a set of k)-.15 F
-.553 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .253(indings similar to).15 F F2(emacs)2.753 E F0
-(or)2.753 E F2(vi)2.753 E F0(.)A F1(editing\255mode)5.253 E F0
+.553 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .253(indings similar to).15 F F2(emacs)2.752 E F0
+(or)2.752 E F2(vi)2.752 E F0(.)A F1(editing\255mode)5.252 E F0
(can be set to either)144 204 Q F1(emacs)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1(vi)2.5 E
-F0(.)A F1(enable\255k)108 216 Q(eypad \(Off\))-.1 E F0 .893(When set to)
+F0(.)A F1(enable\255k)108 216 Q(eypad \(Off\))-.1 E F0 .892(When set to)
144 228 R F1(On)3.393 E F0 3.393(,r)C .893
(eadline will try to enable the application k)-3.393 F -.15(ey)-.1 G
-.893(pad when it is called.).15 F .892(Some sys-)5.893 F
+.893(pad when it is called.).15 F .893(Some sys-)5.893 F
(tems need this to enable the arro)144 240 Q 2.5(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey)-2.6
G(s.).15 E F1(expand\255tilde \(Off\))108 252 Q F0(If set to)144 264 Q
F1(on)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(ilde e)-2.5 E
(xpansion is performed when readline attempts w)-.15 E(ord completion.)
-.1 E F1(history\255pr)108 276 Q(eser)-.18 E -.1(ve)-.1 G
-(\255point \(Off\)).1 E F0 1.492(If set to)144 288 R F1(on)3.992 E F0
-3.992(,t)C 1.493(he history code attempts to place point at the same lo\
-cation on each history line)-3.992 F(retrie)144 300 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5
+(\255point \(Off\)).1 E F0 1.493(If set to)144 288 R F1(on)3.993 E F0
+3.993(,t)C 1.493(he history code attempts to place point at the same lo\
+cation on each history line)-3.993 F(retrie)144 300 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5
(dw).15 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(pr)2.5 E -.15(ev)-.18 G(ious-history).15 E F0
-(or)2.5 E F1(next-history)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(horizontal\255scr)108 312 Q
-(oll\255mode \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .449(When set to)144 324 R F1(On)2.949 E
-F0 2.949(,m)C(ak)-2.949 E .448
+(or)2.5 E F1(next-history)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(history\255size \(0\))108 312
+Q F0 .462(Set the maximum number of history entries sa)144 324 R -.15
+(ve)-.2 G 2.963(di).15 G 2.963(nt)-2.963 G .463(he history list.)-2.963
+F .463(If set to zero, the number of)5.463 F
+(entries in the history list is not limited.)144 336 Q F1
+(horizontal\255scr)108 348 Q(oll\255mode \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .449
+(When set to)144 360 R F1(On)2.949 E F0 2.949(,m)C(ak)-2.949 E .448
(es readline use a single line for display)-.1 F 2.948(,s)-.65 G .448
(crolling the input horizontally on a)-2.948 F 1.194(single screen line\
when it becomes longer than the screen width rather than wrapping to a\
- ne)144 336 R(w)-.25 E(line.)144 348 Q F1(input\255meta \(Off\))108 360
-Q F0 .228(If set to)144 372 R F1(On)2.728 E F0 2.728(,r)C .227(eadline \
+ ne)144 372 R(w)-.25 E(line.)144 384 Q F1(input\255meta \(Off\))108 396
+Q F0 .228(If set to)144 408 R F1(On)2.728 E F0 2.728(,r)C .227(eadline \
will enable eight-bit input \(that is, it will not strip the high bit f\
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3.346 E F0 3.346(,ac)C .846(haracter denoting a \214le')-3.346 F 3.346
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(xtends to the end of the line; no characters)-.15 F
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2.5 E 2.5(,i)-.4 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G(hat order)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1
-(Commands f)87 124.8 Q(or Changing T)-.25 E(ext)-.92 E
-(delete\255char \(C\255d\))108 136.8 Q F0 .357
-(Delete the character at point.)144 148.8 R .358(If point is at the be)
+(Commands f)87 160.8 Q(or Changing T)-.25 E(ext)-.92 E
+(delete\255char \(C\255d\))108 172.8 Q F0 .357
+(Delete the character at point.)144 184.8 R .358(If point is at the be)
5.358 F .358(ginning of the line, there are no characters in the)-.15 F
-(line, and the last character typed w)144 160.8 Q(as not bound to)-.1 E
+(line, and the last character typed w)144 196.8 Q(as not bound to)-.1 E
F1(delete\255char)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(hen return)-2.5 E F2(EOF)2.5 E F3(.)
-A F1(backward\255delete\255char \(Rubout\))108 172.8 Q F0 .553
-(Delete the character behind the cursor)144 184.8 R 5.553(.W)-.55 G .553
+A F1(backward\255delete\255char \(Rubout\))108 208.8 Q F0 .553
+(Delete the character behind the cursor)144 220.8 R 5.553(.W)-.55 G .553
(hen gi)-5.553 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.053(nan).15 G .553(umeric ar)-3.053 F
.552(gument, sa)-.18 F .852 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .552(he deleted te).15 F
-.552(xt on)-.15 F(the kill ring.)144 196.8 Q F1 -.25(fo)108 208.8 S
+.552(xt on)-.15 F(the kill ring.)144 232.8 Q F1 -.25(fo)108 244.8 S
(rward\255backward\255delete\255char).25 E F0 .473
-(Delete the character under the cursor)144 220.8 R 2.973(,u)-.4 G .474
+(Delete the character under the cursor)144 256.8 R 2.973(,u)-.4 G .474
(nless the cursor is at the end of the line, in which case the)-2.973 F
-(character behind the cursor is deleted.)144 232.8 Q F1
-(quoted\255insert \(C\255q, C\255v\))108 244.8 Q F0 .779(Add the ne)144
-256.8 R .779(xt character typed to the line v)-.15 F 3.279
+(character behind the cursor is deleted.)144 268.8 Q F1
+(quoted\255insert \(C\255q, C\255v\))108 280.8 Q F0 .779(Add the ne)144
+292.8 R .779(xt character typed to the line v)-.15 F 3.279
(erbatim. This)-.15 F .779(is ho)3.279 F 3.279(wt)-.25 G 3.279(oi)-3.279
G .779(nsert characters lik)-3.279 F(e)-.1 E F1(C\255q)3.278 E F0 3.278
-(,f)C(or)-3.278 E -.15(ex)144 268.8 S(ample.).15 E F1
-(tab\255insert \(C\255v T)108 280.8 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0
-(Insert a tab character)144 292.8 Q(.)-.55 E F1
-(self\255insert \(a, b, A, 1, !, ...\))108 304.8 Q F0
-(Insert the character typed.)144 316.8 Q F1
-(transpose\255chars \(C\255t\))108 328.8 Q F0 .321
-(Drag the character before point forw)144 340.8 R .321(ard o)-.1 F -.15
+(,f)C(or)-3.278 E -.15(ex)144 304.8 S(ample.).15 E F1
+(tab\255insert \(C\255v T)108 316.8 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0
+(Insert a tab character)144 328.8 Q(.)-.55 E F1
+(self\255insert \(a, b, A, 1, !, ...\))108 340.8 Q F0
+(Insert the character typed.)144 352.8 Q F1
+(transpose\255chars \(C\255t\))108 364.8 Q F0 .321
+(Drag the character before point forw)144 376.8 R .321(ard o)-.1 F -.15
(ve)-.15 G 2.821(rt).15 G .321(he character at point, mo)-2.821 F .322
(ving point forw)-.15 F .322(ard as well.)-.1 F 1.182
(If point is at the end of the line, then this transposes the tw)144
-352.8 R 3.682(oc)-.1 G 1.182(haracters before point.)-3.682 F(Ne)6.182 E
--.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ar)144 364.8 Q(guments ha)-.18 E
+388.8 R 3.682(oc)-.1 G 1.182(haracters before point.)-3.682 F(Ne)6.182 E
+-.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ar)144 400.8 Q(guments ha)-.18 E
.3 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.5(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.5 G(ect.).25 E F1
-(transpose\255w)108 376.8 Q(ords \(M\255t\))-.1 E F0 .023(Drag the w)144
-388.8 R .023(ord before point past the w)-.1 F .023(ord after point, mo)
+(transpose\255w)108 412.8 Q(ords \(M\255t\))-.1 E F0 .023(Drag the w)144
+424.8 R .023(ord before point past the w)-.1 F .023(ord after point, mo)
-.1 F .023(ving point o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.524(rt).15 G .024(hat w)
-2.524 F .024(ord as well.)-.1 F .024(If point)5.024 F
-(is at the end of the line, this transposes the last tw)144 400.8 Q 2.5
-(ow)-.1 G(ords on the line.)-2.6 E F1(upcase\255w)108 412.8 Q
+(is at the end of the line, this transposes the last tw)144 436.8 Q 2.5
+(ow)-.1 G(ords on the line.)-2.6 E F1(upcase\255w)108 448.8 Q
(ord \(M\255u\))-.1 E F0 1.699(Uppercase the current \(or follo)144
-424.8 R 1.698(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.198(ord. W)-.1 F 1.698(ith a ne)-.4 F
+460.8 R 1.698(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.198(ord. W)-.1 F 1.698(ith a ne)-.4 F
-.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.998 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.698
-(ument, uppercase the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 436.8 S(rd, b).1
-E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(do)108 448.8 Q
-(wncase\255w)-.1 E(ord \(M\255l\))-.1 E F0(Lo)144 460.8 Q 1.647
+(ument, uppercase the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 472.8 S(rd, b).1
+E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(do)108 484.8 Q
+(wncase\255w)-.1 E(ord \(M\255l\))-.1 E F0(Lo)144 496.8 Q 1.647
(wercase the current \(or follo)-.25 F 1.647(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.147
(ord. W)-.1 F 1.648(ith a ne)-.4 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.948 -.15
(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.648(ument, lo).18 F 1.648(wercase the pre)
--.25 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 472.8 S(rd, b).1 E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3
--.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(capitalize\255w)108 484.8 Q
+-.25 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 508.8 S(rd, b).1 E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3
+-.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(capitalize\255w)108 520.8 Q
(ord \(M\255c\))-.1 E F0 1.975(Capitalize the current \(or follo)144
-496.8 R 1.974(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.474(ord. W)-.1 F 1.974(ith a ne)-.4 F
+532.8 R 1.974(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.474(ord. W)-.1 F 1.974(ith a ne)-.4 F
-.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 2.274 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.974
-(ument, capitalize the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 508.8 S(rd, b)
+(ument, capitalize the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 544.8 S(rd, b)
.1 E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1 -.1(ove)108
-520.8 S(rwrite\255mode).1 E F0 -.8(To)144 532.8 S .437(ggle o).8 F -.15
+556.8 S(rwrite\255mode).1 E F0 -.8(To)144 568.8 S .437(ggle o).8 F -.15
(ve)-.15 G .437(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4(Wi)5.437 G .437(th an e).4 F .437
(xplicit positi)-.15 F .738 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .438(umeric ar).15 F .438
(gument, switches to o)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .438(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4
-(Wi)144 544.8 S .781(th an e).4 F .781(xplicit non-positi)-.15 F 1.081
+(Wi)144 580.8 S .781(th an e).4 F .781(xplicit non-positi)-.15 F 1.081
-.15(ve n)-.25 H .781(umeric ar).15 F .781
(gument, switches to insert mode.)-.18 F .78(This command af)5.781 F
-(fects)-.25 E(only)144 556.8 Q F1(emacs)4.394 E F0(mode;)4.394 E F1(vi)
+(fects)-.25 E(only)144 592.8 Q F1(emacs)4.394 E F0(mode;)4.394 E F1(vi)
4.394 E F0 1.894(mode does o)4.394 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.894(rwrite dif).15
F(ferently)-.25 E 6.894(.E)-.65 G 1.894(ach call to)-6.894 F F4 -.37(re)
4.395 G(adline\(\)).37 E F0 1.895(starts in insert)4.395 F 3.969
-(mode. In)144 568.8 R -.15(ove)3.969 G 1.469
+(mode. In)144 604.8 R -.15(ove)3.969 G 1.469
(rwrite mode, characters bound to).15 F F1(self\255insert)3.969 E F0
1.468(replace the te)3.969 F 1.468(xt at point rather than)-.15 F .957
-(pushing the te)144 580.8 R .957(xt to the right.)-.15 F .958
+(pushing the te)144 616.8 R .957(xt to the right.)-.15 F .958
(Characters bound to)5.957 F F1(backward\255delete\255char)3.458 E F0
-.958(replace the character)3.458 F(before point with a space.)144 592.8
+.958(replace the character)3.458 F(before point with a space.)144 628.8
Q(By def)5 E(ault, this command is unbound.)-.1 E F1(Killing and Y)87
-609.6 Q(anking)-.85 E(kill\255line \(C\255k\))108 621.6 Q F0
-(Kill the te)144 633.6 Q(xt from point to the end of the line.)-.15 E F1
-(backward\255kill\255line \(C\255x Rubout\))108 645.6 Q F0(Kill backw)
-144 657.6 Q(ard to the be)-.1 E(ginning of the line.)-.15 E F1
-(unix\255line\255discard \(C\255u\))108 669.6 Q F0(Kill backw)144 681.6
+645.6 Q(anking)-.85 E(kill\255line \(C\255k\))108 657.6 Q F0
+(Kill the te)144 669.6 Q(xt from point to the end of the line.)-.15 E F1
+(backward\255kill\255line \(C\255x Rubout\))108 681.6 Q F0(Kill backw)
+144 693.6 Q(ard to the be)-.1 E(ginning of the line.)-.15 E F1
+(unix\255line\255discard \(C\255u\))108 705.6 Q F0(Kill backw)144 717.6
Q(ard from point to the be)-.1 E(ginning of the line.)-.15 E
(The killed te)5 E(xt is sa)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(do).15 G 2.5(nt)
--2.5 G(he kill-ring.)-2.5 E F1(kill\255whole\255line)108 693.6 Q F0
-(Kill all characters on the current line, no matter where point is.)144
-705.6 Q(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2008 February 22)138.46 E(38)188.45 E 0 Cg
-EP
+-2.5 G(he kill-ring.)-2.5 E(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2008 April 5)148.455 E
+(38)198.445 E 0 Cg EP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(kill\255w)108 84 Q(ord \(M\255d\))-.1 E F0
-.729(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 96 R .728
+-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(kill\255whole\255line)108 84 Q F0
+(Kill all characters on the current line, no matter where point is.)144
+96 Q F1(kill\255w)108 108 Q(ord \(M\255d\))-.1 E F0 .729
+(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 120 R .728
(ord, or if between w)-.1 F .728(ords, to the end of the ne)-.1 F .728
-(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 108 S
+(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 132 S
(rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1 -.25(fo)2.5 G
-(rward\255w).25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(backward\255kill\255w)108 120 Q
-(ord \(M\255Rubout\))-.1 E F0(Kill the w)144 132 Q(ord behind point.)-.1
+(rward\255w).25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(backward\255kill\255w)108 144 Q
+(ord \(M\255Rubout\))-.1 E F0(Kill the w)144 156 Q(ord behind point.)-.1
E -.8(Wo)5 G(rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1
-(backward\255w)2.5 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(unix\255w)108 144 Q
-(ord\255rubout \(C\255w\))-.1 E F0 .364(Kill the w)144 156 R .364
+(backward\255w)2.5 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(unix\255w)108 168 Q
+(ord\255rubout \(C\255w\))-.1 E F0 .364(Kill the w)144 180 R .364
(ord behind point, using white space as a w)-.1 F .365(ord boundary)-.1
F 5.365(.T)-.65 G .365(he killed te)-5.365 F .365(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15
(ve)-.2 G 2.865(do).15 G 2.865(nt)-2.865 G(he)-2.865 E(kill-ring.)144
-168 Q F1(unix\255\214lename\255rubout)108 180 Q F0 .167(Kill the w)144
-192 R .166
+192 Q F1(unix\255\214lename\255rubout)108 204 Q F0 .167(Kill the w)144
+216 R .166
(ord behind point, using white space and the slash character as the w)
--.1 F .166(ord boundaries.)-.1 F(The)5.166 E(killed te)144 204 Q
+-.1 F .166(ord boundaries.)-.1 F(The)5.166 E(killed te)144 228 Q
(xt is sa)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(do).15 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G(he kill-ring.)
--2.5 E F1(delete\255horizontal\255space \(M\255\\\))108 216 Q F0
-(Delete all spaces and tabs around point.)144 228 Q F1(kill\255r)108 240
-Q(egion)-.18 E F0(Kill the te)144 252 Q(xt in the current re)-.15 E
-(gion.)-.15 E F1(copy\255r)108 264 Q(egion\255as\255kill)-.18 E F0(Cop)
-144 276 Q 2.5(yt)-.1 G(he te)-2.5 E(xt in the re)-.15 E
+-2.5 E F1(delete\255horizontal\255space \(M\255\\\))108 240 Q F0
+(Delete all spaces and tabs around point.)144 252 Q F1(kill\255r)108 264
+Q(egion)-.18 E F0(Kill the te)144 276 Q(xt in the current re)-.15 E
+(gion.)-.15 E F1(copy\255r)108 288 Q(egion\255as\255kill)-.18 E F0(Cop)
+144 300 Q 2.5(yt)-.1 G(he te)-2.5 E(xt in the re)-.15 E
(gion to the kill b)-.15 E(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E(.)-.55 E F1
-(copy\255backward\255w)108 288 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(Cop)144 300 Q 4.8(yt)-.1 G
+(copy\255backward\255w)108 312 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(Cop)144 324 Q 4.8(yt)-.1 G
2.3(he w)-4.8 F 2.3(ord before point to the kill b)-.1 F(uf)-.2 E(fer)
-.25 E 7.301(.T)-.55 G 2.301(he w)-7.301 F 2.301
-(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1(back-)4.801 E(ward\255w)144 312
-Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(copy\255f)108 324 Q(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E
-F0(Cop)144 336 Q 4.508(yt)-.1 G 2.008(he w)-4.508 F 2.008(ord follo)-.1
+(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1(back-)4.801 E(ward\255w)144 336
+Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(copy\255f)108 348 Q(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E
+F0(Cop)144 360 Q 4.508(yt)-.1 G 2.008(he w)-4.508 F 2.008(ord follo)-.1
F 2.008(wing point to the kill b)-.25 F(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 7.007(.T)
-.55 G 2.007(he w)-7.007 F 2.007(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1
--.25(fo)4.507 G -.37(r-).25 G(ward\255w)144 348 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1
-(yank \(C\255y\))108 360 Q F0 -1(Ya)144 372 S
+-.25(fo)4.507 G -.37(r-).25 G(ward\255w)144 372 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1
+(yank \(C\255y\))108 384 Q F0 -1(Ya)144 396 S
(nk the top of the kill ring into the b)1 E(uf)-.2 E(fer at point.)-.25
-E F1(yank\255pop \(M\255y\))108 384 Q F0
-(Rotate the kill ring, and yank the ne)144 396 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G 2.5
+E F1(yank\255pop \(M\255y\))108 408 Q F0
+(Rotate the kill ring, and yank the ne)144 420 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G 2.5
(op. Only)-2.5 F -.1(wo)2.5 G(rks follo).1 E(wing)-.25 E F1(yank)2.5 E
-F0(or)2.5 E F1(yank\255pop)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(Numeric Ar)87 412.8 Q
-(guments)-.1 E(digit\255ar)108 424.8 Q
+F0(or)2.5 E F1(yank\255pop)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(Numeric Ar)87 436.8 Q
+(guments)-.1 E(digit\255ar)108 448.8 Q
(gument \(M\2550, M\2551, ..., M\255\255\))-.1 E F0 .641
-(Add this digit to the ar)144 436.8 R .641
+(Add this digit to the ar)144 460.8 R .641
(gument already accumulating, or start a ne)-.18 F 3.141(wa)-.25 G -.18
(rg)-3.141 G 3.142(ument. M\255\255).18 F .642(starts a ne)3.142 F(g-)
--.15 E(ati)144 448.8 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G(ument.).18 E F1
-(uni)108 460.8 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0 .779
-(This is another w)144 472.8 R .779(ay to specify an ar)-.1 F 3.279
+-.15 E(ati)144 472.8 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G(ument.).18 E F1
+(uni)108 484.8 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0 .779
+(This is another w)144 496.8 R .779(ay to specify an ar)-.1 F 3.279
(gument. If)-.18 F .779(this command is follo)3.279 F .778
(wed by one or more digits,)-.25 F 1.376
(optionally with a leading minus sign, those digits de\214ne the ar)144
-484.8 R 3.876(gument. If)-.18 F 1.376(the command is fol-)3.876 F(lo)144
-496.8 Q 1.17(wed by digits, e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(uni)
+508.8 R 3.876(gument. If)-.18 F 1.376(the command is fol-)3.876 F(lo)144
+520.8 Q 1.17(wed by digits, e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(uni)
3.67 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(ag)3.67 E 1.17
(ain ends the numeric ar)-.05 F 1.17(gument, b)-.18 F 1.17(ut is other)
--.2 F(-)-.2 E .898(wise ignored.)144 508.8 R .898
+-.2 F(-)-.2 E .898(wise ignored.)144 532.8 R .898
(As a special case, if this command is immediately follo)5.898 F .898
(wed by a character that is)-.25 F .243
-(neither a digit or minus sign, the ar)144 520.8 R .243
+(neither a digit or minus sign, the ar)144 544.8 R .243
(gument count for the ne)-.18 F .243(xt command is multiplied by four)
--.15 F 5.242(.T)-.55 G(he)-5.242 E(ar)144 532.8 Q .378
+-.15 F 5.242(.T)-.55 G(he)-5.242 E(ar)144 556.8 Q .378
(gument count is initially one, so e)-.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .378
(cuting this function the \214rst time mak).15 F .378(es the ar)-.1 F
-.378(gument count)-.18 F(four)144 544.8 Q 2.5(,as)-.4 G(econd time mak)
+.378(gument count)-.18 F(four)144 568.8 Q 2.5(,as)-.4 G(econd time mak)
-2.5 E(es the ar)-.1 E(gument count sixteen, and so on.)-.18 E F1
-(Completing)87 561.6 Q(complete \(T)108 573.6 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 1.137
-(Attempt to perform completion on the te)144 585.6 R 1.137
+(Completing)87 585.6 Q(complete \(T)108 597.6 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 1.137
+(Attempt to perform completion on the te)144 609.6 R 1.137
(xt before point.)-.15 F F1(Bash)6.137 E F0 1.137
-(attempts completion treating the)3.637 F(te)144 597.6 Q .532(xt as a v)
+(attempts completion treating the)3.637 F(te)144 621.6 Q .532(xt as a v)
-.15 F .532(ariable \(if the te)-.25 F .532(xt be)-.15 F .533(gins with)
-.15 F F1($)3.033 E F0 .533(\), username \(if the te)B .533(xt be)-.15 F
.533(gins with)-.15 F F1(~)3.033 E F0 .533(\), hostname \(if the)B(te)
-144 609.6 Q .702(xt be)-.15 F .702(gins with)-.15 F F1(@)3.202 E F0 .701
+144 633.6 Q .702(xt be)-.15 F .702(gins with)-.15 F F1(@)3.202 E F0 .701
(\), or command \(including aliases and functions\) in turn.)B .701
(If none of these pro-)5.701 F
-(duces a match, \214lename completion is attempted.)144 621.6 Q F1
-(possible\255completions \(M\255?\))108 633.6 Q F0
-(List the possible completions of the te)144 645.6 Q(xt before point.)
--.15 E F1(insert\255completions \(M\255*\))108 657.6 Q F0 .783
-(Insert all completions of the te)144 669.6 R .783
+(duces a match, \214lename completion is attempted.)144 645.6 Q F1
+(possible\255completions \(M\255?\))108 657.6 Q F0
+(List the possible completions of the te)144 669.6 Q(xt before point.)
+-.15 E F1(insert\255completions \(M\255*\))108 681.6 Q F0 .783
+(Insert all completions of the te)144 693.6 R .783
(xt before point that w)-.15 F .783(ould ha)-.1 F 1.083 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
.783(een generated by).15 F F1(possible\255com-)3.283 E(pletions)144
-681.6 Q F0(.)A F1(menu\255complete)108 693.6 Q F0 .929(Similar to)144
-705.6 R F1(complete)3.429 E F0 3.429(,b)C .929(ut replaces the w)-3.629
-F .929(ord to be completed with a single match from the list of)-.1 F
-1.193(possible completions.)144 717.6 R 1.193(Repeated e)6.193 F -.15
-(xe)-.15 G 1.193(cution of).15 F F1(menu\255complete)3.694 E F0 1.194
-(steps through the list of possible)3.694 F .829
-(completions, inserting each match in turn.)144 729.6 R .828
-(At the end of the list of completions, the bell is rung)5.828 F
-(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2008 February 22)138.46 E(39)188.45 E 0 Cg EP
+705.6 Q F0(.)A(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2008 April 5)148.455 E(39)198.445 E
+0 Cg EP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E .727(\(subject to the setting of)144 84 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF
-(bell\255style)3.227 E F0 3.227(\)a)C .727(nd the original te)-3.227 F
-.727(xt is restored.)-.15 F .727(An ar)5.727 F .727(gument of)-.18 F/F2
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-(n)3.228 E F0 1.73(positions forw)144 96 R 1.73
-(ard in the list of matches; a ne)-.1 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 2.03
--.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.73(ument may be used to mo).18 F 2.03
--.15(ve b)-.15 H(ackw).15 E(ard)-.1 E(through the list.)144 108 Q
-(This command is intended to be bound to)5 E F1 -.9(TA)2.5 G(B).9 E F0
-2.5(,b)C(ut is unbound by def)-2.7 E(ault.)-.1 E F1
-(delete\255char\255or\255list)108 120 Q F0 .234
-(Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the be)144 132 R .234
+-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(menu\255complete)108 84 Q F0 .929
+(Similar to)144 96 R F1(complete)3.429 E F0 3.429(,b)C .929
+(ut replaces the w)-3.629 F .929
+(ord to be completed with a single match from the list of)-.1 F 1.193
+(possible completions.)144 108 R 1.193(Repeated e)6.193 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
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+(steps through the list of possible)3.694 F .829
+(completions, inserting each match in turn.)144 120 R .828
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+(\(subject to the setting of)144 132 R F1(bell\255style)3.227 E F0 3.227
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+(An ar)5.727 F .727(gument of)-.18 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)3.227 E
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+(positions forw)144 144 R 1.73(ard in the list of matches; a ne)-.1 F
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+(ument may be used to mo).18 F 2.03 -.15(ve b)-.15 H(ackw).15 E(ard)-.1
+E(through the list.)144 156 Q(This command is intended to be bound to)5
+E F1 -.9(TA)2.5 G(B).9 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut is unbound by def)-2.7 E(ault.)
+-.1 E F1(delete\255char\255or\255list)108 168 Q F0 .234
+(Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the be)144 180 R .234
(ginning or end of the line \(lik)-.15 F(e)-.1 E F1(delete\255char)2.735
-E F0(\).)A .425(If at the end of the line, beha)144 144 R -.15(ve)-.2 G
+E F0(\).)A .425(If at the end of the line, beha)144 192 R -.15(ve)-.2 G
2.925(si).15 G .425(dentically to)-2.925 F F1(possible\255completions)
2.925 E F0 5.425(.T)C .425(his command is unbound)-5.425 F(by def)144
-156 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(complete\255\214lename \(M\255/\))108 168 Q F0
-(Attempt \214lename completion on the te)144 180 Q(xt before point.)-.15
-E F1(possible\255\214lename\255completions \(C\255x /\))108 192 Q F0
-(List the possible completions of the te)144 204 Q
+204 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(complete\255\214lename \(M\255/\))108 216 Q F0
+(Attempt \214lename completion on the te)144 228 Q(xt before point.)-.15
+E F1(possible\255\214lename\255completions \(C\255x /\))108 240 Q F0
+(List the possible completions of the te)144 252 Q
(xt before point, treating it as a \214lename.)-.15 E F1
-(complete\255user)108 216 Q(name \(M\255~\))-.15 E F0
-(Attempt completion on the te)144 228 Q
+(complete\255user)108 264 Q(name \(M\255~\))-.15 E F0
+(Attempt completion on the te)144 276 Q
(xt before point, treating it as a username.)-.15 E F1(possible\255user)
-108 240 Q(name\255completions \(C\255x ~\))-.15 E F0
-(List the possible completions of the te)144 252 Q
+108 288 Q(name\255completions \(C\255x ~\))-.15 E F0
+(List the possible completions of the te)144 300 Q
(xt before point, treating it as a username.)-.15 E F1(complete\255v)108
-264 Q(ariable \(M\255$\))-.1 E F0(Attempt completion on the te)144 276 Q
+312 Q(ariable \(M\255$\))-.1 E F0(Attempt completion on the te)144 324 Q
(xt before point, treating it as a shell v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1
-(possible\255v)108 288 Q(ariable\255completions \(C\255x $\))-.1 E F0
-(List the possible completions of the te)144 300 Q
+(possible\255v)108 336 Q(ariable\255completions \(C\255x $\))-.1 E F0
+(List the possible completions of the te)144 348 Q
(xt before point, treating it as a shell v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1
-(complete\255hostname \(M\255@\))108 312 Q F0
-(Attempt completion on the te)144 324 Q
+(complete\255hostname \(M\255@\))108 360 Q F0
+(Attempt completion on the te)144 372 Q
(xt before point, treating it as a hostname.)-.15 E F1
-(possible\255hostname\255completions \(C\255x @\))108 336 Q F0
-(List the possible completions of the te)144 348 Q
+(possible\255hostname\255completions \(C\255x @\))108 384 Q F0
+(List the possible completions of the te)144 396 Q
(xt before point, treating it as a hostname.)-.15 E F1
-(complete\255command \(M\255!\))108 360 Q F0 .58
-(Attempt completion on the te)144 372 R .581
+(complete\255command \(M\255!\))108 408 Q F0 .58
+(Attempt completion on the te)144 420 R .581
(xt before point, treating it as a command name.)-.15 F .581
-(Command comple-)5.581 F .715(tion attempts to match the te)144 384 R
+(Command comple-)5.581 F .715(tion attempts to match the te)144 432 R
.715(xt ag)-.15 F .715(ainst aliases, reserv)-.05 F .715(ed w)-.15 F
.715(ords, shell functions, shell b)-.1 F .715(uiltins, and)-.2 F
-(\214nally e)144 396 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G
+(\214nally e)144 444 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G
(cutable \214lenames, in that order).15 E(.)-.55 E F1
-(possible\255command\255completions \(C\255x !\))108 408 Q F0
-(List the possible completions of the te)144 420 Q
+(possible\255command\255completions \(C\255x !\))108 456 Q F0
+(List the possible completions of the te)144 468 Q
(xt before point, treating it as a command name.)-.15 E F1
-(dynamic\255complete\255history \(M\255T)108 432 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 .424
-(Attempt completion on the te)144 444 R .425
+(dynamic\255complete\255history \(M\255T)108 480 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 .424
+(Attempt completion on the te)144 492 R .425
(xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .425(xt ag)-.15 F .425
(ainst lines from the history list)-.05 F
-(for possible completion matches.)144 456 Q F1
-(complete\255into\255braces \(M\255{\))108 468 Q F0 .4(Perform \214lena\
+(for possible completion matches.)144 504 Q F1
+(complete\255into\255braces \(M\255{\))108 516 Q F0 .4(Perform \214lena\
me completion and insert the list of possible completions enclosed with\
-in braces so)144 480 R(the list is a)144 492 Q -.25(va)-.2 G
+in braces so)144 528 R(the list is a)144 540 Q -.25(va)-.2 G
(ilable to the shell \(see).25 E F1(Brace Expansion)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E
--.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1 -.25(Ke)87 508.8 S(yboard Macr).25 E(os)-.18
-E(start\255kbd\255macr)108 520.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x \()-2.5 E(\))
-.833 E F0(Be)144 532.8 Q(gin sa)-.15 E
+-.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1 -.25(Ke)87 556.8 S(yboard Macr).25 E(os)-.18
+E(start\255kbd\255macr)108 568.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x \()-2.5 E(\))
+.833 E F0(Be)144 580.8 Q(gin sa)-.15 E
(ving the characters typed into the current k)-.2 E -.15(ey)-.1 G
-(board macro.).15 E F1(end\255kbd\255macr)108 544.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G
-(C\255x \))-2.5 E(\)).833 E F0(Stop sa)144 556.8 Q
+(board macro.).15 E F1(end\255kbd\255macr)108 592.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G
+(C\255x \))-2.5 E(\)).833 E F0(Stop sa)144 604.8 Q
(ving the characters typed into the current k)-.2 E -.15(ey)-.1 G
(board macro and store the de\214nition.).15 E F1
-(call\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 568.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x e\))-2.5
-E F0(Re-e)144 580.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G .999(cute the last k).15 F -.15(ey)
+(call\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 616.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x e\))-2.5
+E F0(Re-e)144 628.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G .999(cute the last k).15 F -.15(ey)
-.1 G .999(board macro de\214ned, by making the characters in the macro\
- appear as if).15 F(typed at the k)144 592.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(board.).15
-E F1(Miscellaneous)87 6
09.6 Q -.18(re)108 621.6 S<ad72>.18 E
+ appear as if).15 F(typed at the k)144 640.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(board.).15
+E F1(Miscellaneous)87 6
57.6 Q -.18(re)108 669.6 S<ad72>.18 E
(ead\255init\255\214le \(C\255x C\255r\))-.18 E F0 1.777
-(Read in the contents of the)144 633.6 R F2(inputr)4.277 E(c)-.37 E F0
+(Read in the contents of the)144 681.6 R F2(inputr)4.277 E(c)-.37 E F0
1.776(\214le, and incorporate an)4.276 F 4.276(yb)-.15 G 1.776
(indings or v)-4.276 F 1.776(ariable assignments)-.25 F(found there.)144
-645.6 Q F1(abort \(C\255g\))108 657.6 Q F0 3.248
-(Abort the current editing command and ring the terminal')144 669.6 R
+693.6 Q F1(abort \(C\255g\))108 705.6 Q F0 3.248
+(Abort the current editing command and ring the terminal')144 717.6 R
5.749(sb)-.55 G 3.249(ell \(subject to the setting of)-5.749 F F1
-(bell\255style)144 681.6 Q F0(\).)A F1(do\255upper)108 693.6 Q
-(case\255v)-.18 E(ersion \(M\255a, M\255b, M\255)-.1 E F2(x)A F1 2.5(,.)
-C(..\))-2.5 E F0 1.756(If the meta\214ed character)144 705.6 R F2(x)
-4.256 E F0 1.755(is lo)4.256 F 1.755
-(wercase, run the command that is bound to the corresponding)-.25 F
-(uppercase character)144 717.6 Q(.)-.55 E(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q
-(2008 February 22)138.46 E(40)188.45 E 0 Cg EP
+(bell\255style)144 729.6 Q F0(\).)A(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2008 April 5)
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(pr)108 84 Q(e\214x\255meta \(ESC\))-.18 E
-F0(Metafy the ne)144 96 Q(xt character typed.)-.15 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0
-SF(ESC)5 E F1(f)2.25 E F0(is equi)2.5 E -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1
-(Meta\255f)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(undo \(C\255_, C\255x C\255u\))108 108 Q F0
-(Incremental undo, separately remembered for each line.)144 120 Q F1
--2.29 -.18(re v)108 132 T(ert\255line \(M\255r\)).08 E F0 1.095
-(Undo all changes made to this line.)144 144 R 1.095(This is lik)6.095 F
+-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(do\255upper)108 84 Q(case\255v)-.18 E
+(ersion \(M\255a, M\255b, M\255)-.1 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(x)A F1 2.5
+(,.)C(..\))-2.5 E F0 1.756(If the meta\214ed character)144 96 R F2(x)
+4.256 E F0 1.755(is lo)4.256 F 1.755
+(wercase, run the command that is bound to the corresponding)-.25 F
+(uppercase character)144 108 Q(.)-.55 E F1(pr)108 120 Q
+(e\214x\255meta \(ESC\))-.18 E F0(Metafy the ne)144 132 Q
+(xt character typed.)-.15 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(ESC)5 E F1(f)2.25 E F0
+(is equi)2.5 E -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1(Meta\255f)2.5 E F0(.)A F1
+(undo \(C\255_, C\255x C\255u\))108 144 Q F0
+(Incremental undo, separately remembered for each line.)144 156 Q F1
+-2.29 -.18(re v)108 168 T(ert\255line \(M\255r\)).08 E F0 1.095
+(Undo all changes made to this line.)144 180 R 1.095(This is lik)6.095 F
3.595(ee)-.1 G -.15(xe)-3.745 G 1.095(cuting the).15 F F1(undo)3.595 E
F0 1.095(command enough times to)3.595 F
-(return the line to its initial state.)144 156 Q F1
-(tilde\255expand \(M\255&\))108 168 Q F0(Perform tilde e)144 180 Q
+(return the line to its initial state.)144 192 Q F1
+(tilde\255expand \(M\255&\))108 204 Q F0(Perform tilde e)144 216 Q
(xpansion on the current w)-.15 E(ord.)-.1 E F1
-(set\255mark \(C\255@, M\255<space>\))108 192 Q F0
-(Set the mark to the point.)144 204 Q(If a numeric ar)5 E
+(set\255mark \(C\255@, M\255<space>\))108 228 Q F0
+(Set the mark to the point.)144 240 Q(If a numeric ar)5 E
(gument is supplied, the mark is set to that position.)-.18 E F1
-(exchange\255point\255and\255mark \(C\255x C\255x\))108 216 Q F0(Sw)144
-228 Q .283(ap the point with the mark.)-.1 F .283
+(exchange\255point\255and\255mark \(C\255x C\255x\))108 252 Q F0(Sw)144
+264 Q .283(ap the point with the mark.)-.1 F .283
(The current cursor position is set to the sa)5.283 F -.15(ve)-.2 G
2.782(dp).15 G .282(osition, and the old)-2.782 F(cursor position is sa)
-144 240 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(da).15 G 2.5(st)-2.5 G(he mark.)-2.5 E F1
-(character\255sear)108 252 Q(ch \(C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.035(Ac)144 264 S
+144 276 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(da).15 G 2.5(st)-2.5 G(he mark.)-2.5 E F1
+(character\255sear)108 288 Q(ch \(C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.035(Ac)144 300 S
.535(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.035 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.035(dt)
.15 G 3.035(ot)-3.035 G .535(he ne)-3.035 F .535
(xt occurrence of that character)-.15 F 5.536(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05
(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .836 -.15(ve c)-.25 H(ount).15 E(searches for pre)
-144 276 Q(vious occurrences.)-.25 E F1(character\255sear)108 288 Q
-(ch\255backward \(M\255C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.544(Ac)144 300 S 1.044
+144 312 Q(vious occurrences.)-.25 E F1(character\255sear)108 324 Q
+(ch\255backward \(M\255C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.544(Ac)144 336 S 1.044
(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.544 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.544(dt).15 G
3.544(ot)-3.544 G 1.044(he pre)-3.544 F 1.044
(vious occurrence of that character)-.25 F 6.043(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E
-.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(count searches for subsequent occurrences.)144 312 Q F1
-(insert\255comment \(M\255#\))108 324 Q F0 -.4(Wi)144 336 S .48
+(count searches for subsequent occurrences.)144 348 Q F1
+(insert\255comment \(M\255#\))108 360 Q F0 -.4(Wi)144 372 S .48
(thout a numeric ar).4 F .48(gument, the v)-.18 F .481
(alue of the readline)-.25 F F1(comment\255begin)2.981 E F0 -.25(va)
-2.981 G .481(riable is inserted at the).25 F(be)144 348 Q .098
+2.981 G .481(riable is inserted at the).25 F(be)144 384 Q .098
(ginning of the current line.)-.15 F .098(If a numeric ar)5.098 F .097
(gument is supplied, this command acts as a toggle:)-.18 F(if)5.097 E
-.321(the characters at the be)144 360 R .321
+.321(the characters at the be)144 396 R .321
(ginning of the line do not match the v)-.15 F .321(alue of)-.25 F F1
(comment\255begin)2.821 E F0 2.822(,t)C .322(he v)-2.822 F .322(alue is)
--.25 F 1.014(inserted, otherwise the characters in)144 372 R F1
+-.25 F 1.014(inserted, otherwise the characters in)144 408 R F1
(comment-begin)3.514 E F0 1.014(are deleted from the be)3.514 F 1.013
(ginning of the line.)-.15 F 1.468
-(In either case, the line is accepted as if a ne)144 384 R 1.468
+(In either case, the line is accepted as if a ne)144 420 R 1.468
(wline had been typed.)-.25 F 1.469(The def)6.469 F 1.469(ault v)-.1 F
-1.469(alue of)-.25 F F1(com-)3.969 E(ment\255begin)144 396 Q F0 .84
+1.469(alue of)-.25 F F1(com-)3.969 E(ment\255begin)144 432 Q F0 .84
(causes this command to mak)3.34 F 3.339(et)-.1 G .839
(he current line a shell comment.)-3.339 F .839(If a numeric ar)5.839 F
-(gu-)-.18 E(ment causes the comment character to be remo)144 408 Q -.15
+(gu-)-.18 E(ment causes the comment character to be remo)144 444 Q -.15
(ve)-.15 G(d, the line will be e).15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G
-(cuted by the shell.).15 E F1(glob\255complete\255w)108 420 Q
-(ord \(M\255g\))-.1 E F0 .791(The w)144 432 R .791
+(cuted by the shell.).15 E F1(glob\255complete\255w)108 456 Q
+(ord \(M\255g\))-.1 E F0 .791(The w)144 468 R .791
(ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F .792
-(xpansion, with an asterisk implicitly)-.15 F 2.5(appended. This)144 444
+(xpansion, with an asterisk implicitly)-.15 F 2.5(appended. This)144 480
R(pattern is used to generate a list of matching \214le names for possi\
-ble completions.)2.5 E F1(glob\255expand\255w)108 456 Q
-(ord \(C\255x *\))-.1 E F0 .372(The w)144 468 R .372
+ble completions.)2.5 E F1(glob\255expand\255w)108 492 Q
+(ord \(C\255x *\))-.1 E F0 .372(The w)144 504 R .372
(ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F .371
(xpansion, and the list of matching \214le)-.15 F .516
-(names is inserted, replacing the w)144 480 R 3.016(ord. If)-.1 F 3.016
+(names is inserted, replacing the w)144 516 R 3.016(ord. If)-.1 F 3.016
(an)3.016 G .516(umeric ar)-3.016 F .516
(gument is supplied, an asterisk is appended)-.18 F(before pathname e)
-144 492 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(glob\255list\255expansions \(C\255x g\))
-108 504 Q F0 .923(The list of e)144 516 R .923(xpansions that w)-.15 F
+144 528 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(glob\255list\255expansions \(C\255x g\))
+108 540 Q F0 .923(The list of e)144 552 R .923(xpansions that w)-.15 F
.923(ould ha)-.1 F 1.223 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .923(een generated by).15 F F1
(glob\255expand\255w)3.423 E(ord)-.1 E F0 .923(is displayed, and)3.423 F
-.872(the line is redra)144 528 R 3.372(wn. If)-.15 F 3.372(an)3.372 G
+.872(the line is redra)144 564 R 3.372(wn. If)-.15 F 3.372(an)3.372 G
.872(umeric ar)-3.372 F .872
(gument is supplied, an asterisk is appended before pathname)-.18 F -.15
-(ex)144 540 S(pansion.).15 E F1(dump\255functions)108 552 Q F0 .627
-(Print all of the functions and their k)144 564 R .927 -.15(ey b)-.1 H
+(ex)144 576 S(pansion.).15 E F1(dump\255functions)108 588 Q F0 .627
+(Print all of the functions and their k)144 600 R .927 -.15(ey b)-.1 H
.626(indings to the readline output stream.).15 F .626(If a numeric ar)
5.626 F(gu-)-.18 E
-(ment is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)144 576 Q
-(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(inputr)
-2.5 E(c)-.37 E F0(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255v)108 588 Q(ariables)-.1 E F0
-1.799(Print all of the settable readline v)144 600 R 1.799
+(ment is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)144 612 Q
+(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 E F2(inputr)2.5 E(c)-.37 E F0
+(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255v)108 624 Q(ariables)-.1 E F0 1.799
+(Print all of the settable readline v)144 636 R 1.799
(ariables and their v)-.25 F 1.8(alues to the readline output stream.)
--.25 F 1.8(If a)6.8 F .305(numeric ar)144 612 R .304
+-.25 F 1.8(If a)6.8 F .305(numeric ar)144 648 R .304
(gument is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)-.18 F .304
-(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F3(inputr)144 624 Q(c)-.37 E F0
-(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255macr)108 636 Q(os)-.18 E F0 .592
-(Print all of the readline k)144 648 R .892 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .592
+(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(inputr)144 660 Q(c)-.37 E F0
+(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255macr)108 672 Q(os)-.18 E F0 .592
+(Print all of the readline k)144 684 R .892 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .592
(equences bound to macros and the strings the).15 F 3.093(yo)-.15 G
-3.093(utput. If)-3.093 F 3.093(an)3.093 G(umeric)-3.093 E(ar)144 660 Q
+3.093(utput. If)-3.093 F 3.093(an)3.093 G(umeric)-3.093 E(ar)144 696 Q
.528(gument is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)-.18 F .528
-(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F3(inputr)3.027 E(c)-.37 E F0
-(\214le.)144 672 Q F1(display\255shell\255v)108 684 Q
-(ersion \(C\255x C\255v\))-.1 E F0(Display v)144 696 Q
-(ersion information about the current instance of)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E
-F0(.)A(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2008 February 22)138.46 E(41)188.45 E 0 Cg
-EP
+(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(inputr)3.027 E(c)-.37 E F0
+(\214le.)144 708 Q(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2008 April 5)148.455 E(41)
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Pr)87 84 Q(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0
-.146(When w)108 96 R .147(ord completion is attempted for an ar)-.1 F
-.147(gument to a command for which a completion speci\214cation \(a)-.18
-F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(compspec)108 108 Q F0 3.829(\)h)C 1.329
+-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(display\255shell\255v)108 84 Q
+(ersion \(C\255x C\255v\))-.1 E F0(Display v)144 96 Q
+(ersion information about the current instance of)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E
+F0(.)A F1(Pr)87 112.8 Q(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0 .146(When w)108
+124.8 R .147(ord completion is attempted for an ar)-.1 F .147
+(gument to a command for which a completion speci\214cation \(a)-.18 F
+/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(compspec)108 136.8 Q F0 3.829(\)h)C 1.329
(as been de\214ned using the)-3.829 F F1(complete)3.829 E F0 -.2(bu)
3.829 G 1.329(iltin \(see).2 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.329(SHELL B)3.829
F(UIL)-.09 E 1.329(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.579 E 1.328(w\), the)
--.25 F(programmable completion f)108 120 Q(acilities are in)-.1 E -.2
+-.25 F(programmable completion f)108 148.8 Q(acilities are in)-.1 E -.2
(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E .333
-(First, the command name is identi\214ed.)108 136.8 R .334
+(First, the command name is identi\214ed.)108 165.6 R .334
(If a compspec has been de\214ned for that command, the compspec is)
5.333 F .587
-(used to generate the list of possible completions for the w)108 148.8 R
+(used to generate the list of possible completions for the w)108 177.6 R
3.087(ord. If)-.1 F .587(the command w)3.087 F .586
(ord is a full pathname, a)-.1 F 1.18
-(compspec for the full pathname is searched for \214rst.)108 160.8 R
+(compspec for the full pathname is searched for \214rst.)108 189.6 R
1.181(If no compspec is found for the full pathname, an)6.181 F
-(attempt is made to \214nd a compspec for the portion follo)108 172.8 Q
+(attempt is made to \214nd a compspec for the portion follo)108 201.6 Q
(wing the \214nal slash.)-.25 E .817(Once a compspec has been found, it\
- is used to generate the list of matching w)108 189.6 R 3.317(ords. If)
+ is used to generate the list of matching w)108 218.4 R 3.317(ords. If)
-.1 F 3.317(ac)3.317 G .817(ompspec is not)-3.317 F(found, the def)108
-201.6 Q(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(completion as described abo)2.5 E .3
+230.4 Q(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(completion as described abo)2.5 E .3
-.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1(Completing)2.5 E F0(is performed.)2.5 E
-.463(First, the actions speci\214ed by the compspec are used.)108 218.4
+.463(First, the actions speci\214ed by the compspec are used.)108 247.2
R .464(Only matches which are pre\214x)5.464 F .464(ed by the w)-.15 F
-.464(ord being)-.1 F .596(completed are returned.)108 230.4 R .596
+.464(ord being)-.1 F .596(completed are returned.)108 259.2 R .596
(When the)5.596 F F1<ad66>3.096 E F0(or)3.095 E F1<ad64>3.095 E F0 .595
(option is used for \214lename or directory name completion, the)3.095 F
-(shell v)108 242.4 Q(ariable)-.25 E F3(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0
-(is used to \214lter the matches.)2.25 E(An)108 259.2 Q 2.585(yc)-.15 G
+(shell v)108 271.2 Q(ariable)-.25 E F3(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0
+(is used to \214lter the matches.)2.25 E(An)108 288 Q 2.585(yc)-.15 G
.085(ompletions speci\214ed by a \214lename e)-2.585 F .085
(xpansion pattern to the)-.15 F F1<ad47>2.585 E F0 .085
(option are generated ne)2.585 F 2.585(xt. The)-.15 F -.1(wo)2.585 G
-(rds).1 E .844(generated by the pattern need not match the w)108 271.2 R
+(rds).1 E .844(generated by the pattern need not match the w)108 300 R
.844(ord being completed.)-.1 F(The)5.844 E F3(GLOBIGNORE)3.343 E F0
.843(shell v)3.093 F .843(ariable is)-.25 F
-(not used to \214lter the matches, b)108 283.2 Q(ut the)-.2 E F3
-(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G(riable is used.).25 E(Ne)108 300 Q .32
+(not used to \214lter the matches, b)108 312 Q(ut the)-.2 E F3(FIGNORE)
+2.5 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G(riable is used.).25 E(Ne)108 328.8 Q .32
(xt, the string speci\214ed as the ar)-.15 F .32(gument to the)-.18 F F1
<ad57>2.82 E F0 .321(option is considered.)2.821 F .321
(The string is \214rst split using the)5.321 F .413(characters in the)
-108 312 R F3(IFS)2.913 E F0 .412(special v)2.663 F .412
+108 340.8 R F3(IFS)2.913 E F0 .412(special v)2.663 F .412
(ariable as delimiters.)-.25 F .412(Shell quoting is honored.)5.412 F
.412(Each w)5.412 F .412(ord is then e)-.1 F(xpanded)-.15 E .091
-(using brace e)108 324 R .091(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .092
+(using brace e)108 352.8 R .091(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .092
(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .092(ariable e)-.25 F .092
-(xpansion, command substitution, and arith-)-.15 F 1.397(metic e)108 336
-R 1.396(xpansion, as described abo)-.15 F 1.696 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder)
-.15 E F3(EXP)3.896 E(ANSION)-.666 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 1.396
-(The results are split using the rules described)5.896 F(abo)108 348 Q
-.509 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.75(Wo)2.709 G .209(rd Splitting)
-.75 F F0 5.209(.T)C .209(he results of the e)-5.209 F .209
+(xpansion, command substitution, and arith-)-.15 F 1.397(metic e)108
+364.8 R 1.396(xpansion, as described abo)-.15 F 1.696 -.15(ve u)-.15 H
+(nder).15 E F3(EXP)3.896 E(ANSION)-.666 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0
+1.396(The results are split using the rules described)5.896 F(abo)108
+376.8 Q .509 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.75(Wo)2.709 G .209
+(rd Splitting).75 F F0 5.209(.T)C .209(he results of the e)-5.209 F .209
(xpansion are pre\214x-matched ag)-.15 F .21(ainst the w)-.05 F .21
-(ord being com-)-.1 F(pleted, and the matching w)108 360 Q
+(ord being com-)-.1 F(pleted, and the matching w)108 388.8 Q
(ords become the possible completions.)-.1 E 1.238
-(After these matches ha)108 376.8 R 1.538 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.238
+(After these matches ha)108 405.6 R 1.538 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.238
(een generated, an).15 F 3.738(ys)-.15 G 1.237
(hell function or command speci\214ed with the)-3.738 F F1<ad46>3.737 E
-F0(and)3.737 E F1<ad43>3.737 E F0 3.375(options is in)108 388.8 R -.2
+F0(and)3.737 E F1<ad43>3.737 E F0 3.375(options is in)108 417.6 R -.2
(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 5.875(d. When).1 F 3.375
(the command or function is in)5.875 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.375
(d, the).1 F F3(COMP_LINE)5.876 E F4(,)A F3(COMP_POINT)5.626 E F4(,)A F3
-(COMP_KEY)108 400.8 Q F4(,)A F0(and)2.408 E F3(COMP_TYPE)2.658 E F0 -.25
+(COMP_KEY)108 429.6 Q F4(,)A F0(and)2.408 E F3(COMP_TYPE)2.658 E F0 -.25
(va)2.408 G .157(riables are assigned v).25 F .157
(alues as described abo)-.25 F .457 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 .157
(Shell V)2.657 F(ariables)-.92 E F0 5.157(.I)C(f)-5.157 E 3.485(as)108
-412.8 S .986(hell function is being in)-3.485 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G
+441.6 S .986(hell function is being in)-3.485 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G
.986(d, the).1 F F3(COMP_W)3.486 E(ORDS)-.09 E F0(and)3.236 E F3
(COMP_CW)3.486 E(ORD)-.09 E F0 -.25(va)3.236 G .986
(riables are also set.).25 F(When)5.986 E .609
-(the function or command is in)108 424.8 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .608
+(the function or command is in)108 453.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .608
(d, the \214rst ar).1 F .608(gument is the name of the command whose ar)
-.18 F .608(guments are)-.18 F .073(being completed, the second ar)108
-436.8 R .073(gument is the w)-.18 F .073
+465.6 R .073(gument is the w)-.18 F .073
(ord being completed, and the third ar)-.1 F .073(gument is the w)-.18 F
-.073(ord pre-)-.1 F .608(ceding the w)108 448.8 R .607
+.073(ord pre-)-.1 F .608(ceding the w)108 477.6 R .607
(ord being completed on the current command line.)-.1 F .607
-(No \214ltering of the generated completions)5.607 F(ag)108 460.8 Q .093
+(No \214ltering of the generated completions)5.607 F(ag)108 489.6 Q .093
(ainst the w)-.05 F .093(ord being completed is performed; the function\
or command has complete freedom in generat-)-.1 F(ing the matches.)108
-472.8 Q(An)108 489.6 Q 2.938(yf)-.15 G .437(unction speci\214ed with)
+501.6 Q(An)108 518.4 Q 2.938(yf)-.15 G .437(unction speci\214ed with)
-2.938 F F1<ad46>2.937 E F0 .437(is in)2.937 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G
2.937<648c>.1 G 2.937(rst. The)-2.937 F .437(function may use an)2.937 F
2.937(yo)-.15 G 2.937(ft)-2.937 G .437(he shell f)-2.937 F .437
-(acilities, including)-.1 F(the)108 501.6 Q F1(compgen)2.956 E F0 -.2
+(acilities, including)-.1 F(the)108 530.4 Q F1(compgen)2.956 E F0 -.2
(bu)2.956 G .456(iltin described belo).2 F 1.756 -.65(w, t)-.25 H 2.956
(og).65 G .456(enerate the matches.)-2.956 F .457
(It must put the possible completions in the)5.456 F F3(COMPREPL)108
-513.6 Q(Y)-.828 E F0(array v)2.25 E(ariable.)-.25 E(Ne)108 530.4 Q .081
+542.4 Q(Y)-.828 E F0(array v)2.25 E(ariable.)-.25 E(Ne)108 559.2 Q .081
(xt, an)-.15 F 2.581(yc)-.15 G .081(ommand speci\214ed with the)-2.581 F
F1<ad43>2.581 E F0 .081(option is in)2.581 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G
2.581(di).1 G 2.58(na)-2.581 G 2.58(ne)-2.58 G -.4(nv)-2.58 G .08
(ironment equi).4 F -.25(va)-.25 G .08(lent to command sub-).25 F 2.858
-(stitution. It)108 542.4 R .359(should print a list of completions, one\
+(stitution. It)108 571.2 R .359(should print a list of completions, one\
per line, to the standard output.)2.858 F .359(Backslash may be used)
-5.359 F(to escape a ne)108 554.4 Q(wline, if necessary)-.25 E(.)-.65 E
-.377(After all of the possible completions are generated, an)108 571.2 R
+5.359 F(to escape a ne)108 583.2 Q(wline, if necessary)-.25 E(.)-.65 E
+.377(After all of the possible completions are generated, an)108 600 R
2.877<798c>-.15 G .377(lter speci\214ed with the)-2.877 F F1<ad58>2.876
-E F0 .376(option is applied to the)2.876 F 3.181(list. The)108 583.2 R
+E F0 .376(option is applied to the)2.876 F 3.181(list. The)108 612 R
.681(\214lter is a pattern as used for pathname e)3.181 F .681
(xpansion; a)-.15 F F1(&)3.181 E F0 .682
(in the pattern is replaced with the te)3.182 F .682(xt of)-.15 F .523
-(the w)108 595.2 R .523(ord being completed.)-.1 F 3.023(Al)5.523 G
+(the w)108 624 R .523(ord being completed.)-.1 F 3.023(Al)5.523 G
(iteral)-3.023 E F1(&)3.023 E F0 .522
(may be escaped with a backslash; the backslash is remo)3.022 F -.15(ve)
--.15 G 3.022(db).15 G(efore)-3.022 E .849(attempting a match.)108 607.2
-R(An)5.849 E 3.349(yc)-.15 G .849
+-.15 G 3.022(db).15 G(efore)-3.022 E .849(attempting a match.)108 636 R
+(An)5.849 E 3.349(yc)-.15 G .849
(ompletion that matches the pattern will be remo)-3.349 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
3.35(df).15 G .85(rom the list.)-3.35 F 3.35(Al)5.85 G(eading)-3.35 E F1
-(!)3.35 E F0(ne)108 619.2 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G
+(!)3.35 E F0(ne)108 648 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G
(tes the pattern; in this case an).05 E 2.5(yc)-.15 G
(ompletion not matching the pattern will be remo)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G
-(d.).15 E(Finally)108 636 Q 3.087(,a)-.65 G .887 -.15(ny p)-3.087 H .587
-(re\214x and suf).15 F .587(\214x speci\214ed with the)-.25 F F1<ad50>
-3.087 E F0(and)3.087 E F1<ad53>3.087 E F0 .587
+(d.).15 E(Finally)108 664.8 Q 3.087(,a)-.65 G .887 -.15(ny p)-3.087 H
+.587(re\214x and suf).15 F .587(\214x speci\214ed with the)-.25 F F1
+
<ad50>3.087 E F0(and)3.087 E F1<ad53>3.087 E F0 .587
(options are added to each member of the com-)3.087 F(pletion list, and\
the result is returned to the readline completion code as the list of \
-possible completions.)108 648 Q .246(If the pre)108 664.8 R .247
+possible completions.)108 676.8 Q .246(If the pre)108 693.6 R .247
(viously-applied actions do not generate an)-.25 F 2.747(ym)-.15 G .247
(atches, and the)-2.747 F F1 .247(\255o dir)2.747 F(names)-.15 E F0 .247
-(option w)2.747 F .247(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)108 676.8 Q F0
+(option w)2.747 F .247(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)108 705.6 Q F0
(when the compspec w)2.5 E
-(as de\214ned, directory name completion is attempted.)-.1 E .462
-(If the)108 693.6 R F1 .462(\255o plusdirs)2.962 F F0 .462(option w)
-2.962 F .462(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)2.962 E F0 .462
-(when the compspec w)2.962 F .462(as de\214ned, directory name com-)-.1
-F(pletion is attempted and an)108 705.6 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G
-(atches are added to the results of the other actions.)-2.5 E .559
-(By def)108 722.4 R .559(ault, if a compspec is found, whate)-.1 F -.15
-(ve)-.25 G 3.059(ri).15 G 3.059(tg)-3.059 G .56
-(enerates is returned to the completion code as the full set)-3.059 F
-(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2008 February 22)138.46 E(42)188.45 E 0 Cg EP
+(as de\214ned, directory name completion is attempted.)-.1 E 2.03
+(If the)108 722.4 R F1 2.03(\255o plusdirs)4.53 F F0 2.03(option w)4.53
+F 2.029(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)4.529 E F0 2.029
+(when the compspec w)4.529 F 2.029(as de\214ned, directory name)-.1 F
+(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2008 April 5)148.455 E(42)198.445 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 43 43
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E .632(of possible completions.)108 84 R .632(The def)5.632 F(ault)
--.1 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(bash)3.132 E F0 .631
+-.35 E(completion is attempted and an)108 84 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G
+(atches are added to the results of the other actions.)-2.5 E .559
+(By def)108 100.8 R .559(ault, if a compspec is found, whate)-.1 F -.15
+(ve)-.25 G 3.059(ri).15 G 3.059(tg)-3.059 G .56
+(enerates is returned to the completion code as the full set)-3.059 F
+.632(of possible completions.)108 112.8 R .632(The def)5.632 F(ault)-.1
+E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(bash)3.132 E F0 .631
(completions are not attempted, and the readline def)3.131 F .631
-(ault of \214le-)-.1 F .558(name completion is disabled.)108 96 R .558
-(If the)5.558 F F1 .559(\255o bashdefault)3.059 F F0 .559(option w)3.059
-F .559(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)3.059 E F0 .559
-(when the compspec)3.059 F -.1(wa)108 108 S 3.172(sd).1 G .672
+(ault of \214le-)-.1 F .558(name completion is disabled.)108 124.8 R
+.558(If the)5.558 F F1 .559(\255o bashdefault)3.059 F F0 .559(option w)
+3.059 F .559(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)3.059 E F0 .559
+(when the compspec)3.059 F -.1(wa)108 136.8 S 3.172(sd).1 G .672
(e\214ned, the)-3.172 F F1(bash)3.172 E F0(def)3.172 E .671
(ault completions are attempted if the compspec generates no matches.)
--.1 F .671(If the)5.671 F F1<ad6f>3.171 E(default)108 120 Q F0 1.207
+-.1 F .671(If the)5.671 F F1<ad6f>3.171 E(default)108 148.8 Q F0 1.207
(option w)3.706 F 1.207(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)3.707 E F0
1.207(when the compspec w)3.707 F 1.207(as de\214ned, readline')-.1 F
3.707(sd)-.55 G(ef)-3.707 E 1.207(ault completion)-.1 F
-(will be performed if the compspec \(and, if attempted, the def)108 132
-Q(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(completions\) generate no matches.)2.5 E
-.245(When a compspec indicates that directory name completion is desire\
-d, the programmable completion func-)108 148.8 R .632(tions force readl\
-ine to append a slash to completed names which are symbolic links to di\
-rectories, subject)108 160.8 R 2.762(to the v)108 172.8 R 2.762
+(will be performed if the compspec \(and, if attempted, the def)108
+160.8 Q(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(completions\) generate no matches.)
+2.5 E .245(When a compspec indicates that directory name completion is \
+desired, the programmable completion func-)108 177.6 R .632(tions force\
+ readline to append a slash to completed names which are symbolic links\
+ to directories, subject)108 189.6 R 2.762(to the v)108 201.6 R 2.762
(alue of the)-.25 F F1(mark\255dir)5.262 E(ectories)-.18 E F0 2.761
(readline v)5.262 F 2.761(ariable, re)-.25 F -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.761
-(rdless of the setting of the).05 F F1(mark-sym-)5.261 E(link)108 184.8
+(rdless of the setting of the).05 F F1(mark-sym-)5.261 E(link)108 213.6
Q(ed\255dir)-.1 E(ectories)-.18 E F0(readline v)2.5 E(ariable.)-.25 E/F2
-10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)72 201.6 Q(OR)-.197 E(Y)-.383 E F0 .371
-(When the)108 213.6 R F1 .371(\255o history)2.871 F F0 .371
+10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)72 230.4 Q(OR)-.197 E(Y)-.383 E F0 .371
+(When the)108 242.4 R F1 .371(\255o history)2.871 F F0 .371
(option to the)2.871 F F1(set)2.872 E F0 -.2(bu)2.872 G .372
(iltin is enabled, the shell pro).2 F .372(vides access to the)-.15 F/F3
10/Times-Italic@0 SF .372(command history)2.872 F F0(,)A .032
-(the list of commands pre)108 225.6 R .031(viously typed.)-.25 F .031
+(the list of commands pre)108 254.4 R .031(viously typed.)-.25 F .031
(The v)5.031 F .031(alue of the)-.25 F F1(HISTSIZE)2.531 E F0 -.25(va)
2.531 G .031(riable is used as the number of com-).25 F .429
-(mands to sa)108 237.6 R .729 -.15(ve i)-.2 H 2.929(nah).15 G .429
+(mands to sa)108 266.4 R .729 -.15(ve i)-.2 H 2.929(nah).15 G .429
(istory list.)-2.929 F .429(The te)5.429 F .429(xt of the last)-.15 F/F4
9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTSIZE)2.93 E F0 .43(commands \(def)2.68 F .43
(ault 500\) is sa)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.93(d. The).15 F(shell)2.93 E
.287(stores each command in the history list prior to parameter and v)
-108 249.6 R .287(ariable e)-.25 F .287(xpansion \(see)-.15 F F4(EXP)
+108 278.4 R .287(ariable e)-.25 F .287(xpansion \(see)-.15 F F4(EXP)
2.787 E(ANSION)-.666 E F0(abo)2.537 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\)).15 E -.2(bu)108
-261.6 S 4.065(ta).2 G 1.565(fter history e)-4.065 F 1.565
+290.4 S 4.065(ta).2 G 1.565(fter history e)-4.065 F 1.565
(xpansion is performed, subject to the v)-.15 F 1.565
(alues of the shell v)-.25 F(ariables)-.25 E F4(HISTIGNORE)4.065 E F0
-(and)3.816 E F4(HISTCONTR)108 273.6 Q(OL)-.27 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)
+(and)3.816 E F4(HISTCONTR)108 302.4 Q(OL)-.27 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)
A F0 .082
(On startup, the history is initialized from the \214le named by the v)
-108 290.4 R(ariable)-.25 E F4(HISTFILE)2.582 E F0(\(def)2.332 E(ault)-.1
+108 319.2 R(ariable)-.25 E F4(HISTFILE)2.582 E F0(\(def)2.332 E(ault)-.1
E F3(~/.bash_history)2.582 E F0(\).)A .315(The \214le named by the v)108
-302.4 R .315(alue of)-.25 F F4(HISTFILE)2.815 E F0 .315
+331.2 R .315(alue of)-.25 F F4(HISTFILE)2.815 E F0 .315
(is truncated, if necessary)2.565 F 2.815(,t)-.65 G 2.815(oc)-2.815 G
.315(ontain no more than the number of)-2.815 F .532
-(lines speci\214ed by the v)108 314.4 R .532(alue of)-.25 F F4
+(lines speci\214ed by the v)108 343.2 R .532(alue of)-.25 F F4
(HISTFILESIZE)3.032 E F5(.)A F0 .532
(When the history \214le is read, lines be)5.032 F .532
(ginning with the his-)-.15 F 1.158(tory comment character follo)108
-326.4 R 1.159(wed immediately by a digit are interpreted as timestamps \
-for the preceding)-.25 F .053(history line.)108 338.4 R .053
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(These timestamps are optionally displayed depending on the v)5.053 F
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--.15 G 2.922(rwritten. If).15 F F4(HISTFILE)108 386.4 Q F0 1.114(is uns\
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F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.614(d. If).15 F(the)3.614 E F5 -.225(va)3.613 G 1.113
(riable is set, time).225 F 1.251
-(stamps are written to the history \214le, mark)108 398.4 R(ed)-.09 E F0
+(stamps are written to the history \214le, mark)108 427.2 R(ed)-.09 E F0
1.252(with the history comment character)3.502 F 3.752(,s)-.4 G 3.752
(ot)-3.752 G(he)-3.752 E 3.752(ym)-.15 G 1.252(ay be preserv)-3.752 F
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(he history \214le is truncated to contain no more than)-2.604 F F4
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(iltin may be used to display or modify the history list).2 F .28
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+(and manipulate the history \214le.)108 504 R .279
(When using command-line editing, search commands are a)5.279 F -.25(va)
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-.2 H .457(nly a subset of the commands entered.).15 F(The)5.457 E F1
-(cmdhist)108 528 Q F0 .75
+(cmdhist)108 556.8 Q F0 .75
(shell option, if enabled, causes the shell to attempt to sa)3.25 F 1.05
-.15(ve e)-.2 H .75(ach line of a multi-line command in).15 F 1.077
-(the same history entry)108 540 R 3.577(,a)-.65 G 1.077
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81.6 Q F2<ad>A F1(y)A F0 2.5(Ar)
20.65 G(ange of w)-2.5 E(ords; `\255)-.1 E F1(y)A F0 2.5('a)C(bbre)-2.5
-E(viates `0\255)-.25 E F1(y)A F0('.)A F2(*)108 669.6 Q F0 .316
+E(viates `0\255)-.25 E F1(y)A F0('.)A F2(*)108 693.6 Q F0 .316
(All of the w)31 F .316(ords b)-.1 F .316(ut the zeroth.)-.2 F .315
(This is a synon)5.315 F .315(ym for `)-.15 F F1(1\255$)A F0 2.815
('. It)B .315(is not an error to use)2.815 F F2(*)2.815 E F0 .315
-(if there is)2.815 F(just one w)144 681.6 Q(ord in the e)-.1 E -.15(ve)
+(if there is)2.815 F(just one w)144 705.6 Q(ord in the e)-.1 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G(nt; the empty string is returned in that case.).15 E F2(x*)108
-693.6 Q F0(Abbre)26 E(viates)-.25 E F1(x\255$)2.5 E F0(.)A F2<78ad>108
-705.6 Q F0(Abbre)25.3 E(viates)-.25 E F1(x\255$)2.5 E F0(lik)2.5 E(e)-.1
-E F2(x*)2.5 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut omits the last w)-2.7 E(ord.)-.1 E(If a w)
-108 722.4 Q(ord designator is supplied without an e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(nt speci\214cation, the pre).15 E(vious command is used as the e)-.25 E
--.15(ve)-.25 G(nt.).15 E(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2008 February 22)138.46 E
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Modi\214ers)87 84 Q F0 .183
-(After the optional w)108 96 R .183(ord designator)-.1 F 2.683(,t)-.4 G
-.184(here may appear a sequence of one or more of the follo)-2.683 F
-.184(wing modi\214ers,)-.25 F(each preceded by a `:'.)108 108 Q F1(h)108
-124.8 Q F0(Remo)30.44 E .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H
+-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<78ad>108 84 Q F0(Abbre)25.3 E(viates)-.25 E
+/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(x\255$)2.5 E F0(lik)2.5 E(e)-.1 E F1(x*)2.5 E
+F0 2.5(,b)C(ut omits the last w)-2.7 E(ord.)-.1 E(If a w)108 100.8 Q
+(ord designator is supplied without an e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
+(nt speci\214cation, the pre).15 E(vious command is used as the e)-.25 E
+-.15(ve)-.25 G(nt.).15 E F1(Modi\214ers)87 117.6 Q F0 .183
+(After the optional w)108 129.6 R .183(ord designator)-.1 F 2.683(,t)-.4
+G .184(here may appear a sequence of one or more of the follo)-2.683 F
+.184(wing modi\214ers,)-.25 F(each preceded by a `:'.)108 141.6 Q F1(h)
+108 158.4 Q F0(Remo)30.44 E .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H
(railing \214le name component, lea).15 E(ving only the head.)-.2 E F1
-(t)108 136.8 Q F0(Remo)32.67 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.15 H
+(t)108 170.4 Q F0(Remo)32.67 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.15 H
(ll leading \214le name components, lea).15 E(ving the tail.)-.2 E F1(r)
-108 148.8 Q F0(Remo)31.56 E .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H(railing suf).15 E
-(\214x of the form)-.25 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(.xxx)2.5 E F0 2.5(,l)C
-(ea)-2.5 E(ving the basename.)-.2 E F1(e)108 160.8 Q F0(Remo)31.56 E .3
--.15(ve a)-.15 H(ll b).15 E(ut the trailing suf)-.2 E(\214x.)-.25 E F1
-(p)108 172.8 Q F0(Print the ne)30.44 E 2.5(wc)-.25 G(ommand b)-2.5 E
-(ut do not e)-.2 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cute it.).15 E F1(q)108 184.8 Q F0
+108 182.4 Q F0(Remo)31.56 E .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H(railing suf).15 E
+(\214x of the form)-.25 E F2(.xxx)2.5 E F0 2.5(,l)C(ea)-2.5 E
+(ving the basename.)-.2 E F1(e)108 194.4 Q F0(Remo)31.56 E .3 -.15(ve a)
+-.15 H(ll b).15 E(ut the trailing suf)-.2 E(\214x.)-.25 E F1(p)108 206.4
+Q F0(Print the ne)30.44 E 2.5(wc)-.25 G(ommand b)-2.5 E(ut do not e)-.2
+E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cute it.).15 E F1(q)108 218.4 Q F0
(Quote the substituted w)30.44 E(ords, escaping further substitutions.)
--.1 E F1(x)108 196.8 Q F0(Quote the substituted w)31 E(ords as with)-.1
+-.1 E F1(x)108 230.4 Q F0(Quote the substituted w)31 E(ords as with)-.1
E F1(q)2.5 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut break into w)-2.7 E(ords at)-.1 E F1(blanks)
-2.5 E F0(and ne)2.5 E(wlines.)-.25 E F1(s/)108 208.8 Q F2(old)A F1(/)A
-F2(ne)A(w)-.15 E F1(/)A F0(Substitute)144 220.8 Q F2(ne)3.082 E(w)-.15 E
+2.5 E F0(and ne)2.5 E(wlines.)-.25 E F1(s/)108 242.4 Q F2(old)A F1(/)A
+F2(ne)A(w)-.15 E F1(/)A F0(Substitute)144 254.4 Q F2(ne)3.082 E(w)-.15 E
F0 .221(for the \214rst occurrence of)3.032 F F2(old)2.951 E F0 .221
(in the e)3.491 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .221(nt line.).15 F(An)5.221 E 2.721
(yd)-.15 G .221(elimiter can be used in place)-2.721 F .616(of /.)144
-232.8 R .617
+266.4 R .617
(The \214nal delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the e)
5.616 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .617(nt line.).15 F .617(The delimiter may)5.617
-F .666(be quoted in)144 244.8 R F2(old)3.396 E F0(and)3.936 E F2(ne)
+F .666(be quoted in)144 278.4 R F2(old)3.396 E F0(and)3.936 E F2(ne)
3.526 E(w)-.15 E F0 .666(with a single backslash.)3.476 F .666
(If & appears in)5.666 F F2(ne)3.166 E(w)-.15 E F0 3.166(,i).31 G 3.166
(ti)-3.166 G 3.166(sr)-3.166 G .666(eplaced by)-3.166 F F2(old)3.166 E
-F0 5.666(.A).77 G .274(single backslash will quote the &.)144 256.8 R
+F0 5.666(.A).77 G .274(single backslash will quote the &.)144 290.4 R
(If)5.274 E F2(old)3.004 E F0 .274(is null, it is set to the last)3.544
F F2(old)3.005 E F0 .275(substituted, or)3.545 F 2.775(,i)-.4 G 2.775
(fn)-2.775 G 2.775(op)-2.775 G(re)-2.775 E(vi-)-.25 E
-(ous history substitutions took place, the last)144 268.8 Q F2(string)
+(ous history substitutions took place, the last)144 302.4 Q F2(string)
2.84 E F0(in a)2.72 E F1(!?)2.5 E F2(string)A F1([?])A F0(search.)5 E F1
-(&)108 280.8 Q F0(Repeat the pre)27.67 E(vious substitution.)-.25 E F1
-(g)108 292.8 Q F0 .398(Cause changes to be applied o)31 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
+(&)108 314.4 Q F0(Repeat the pre)27.67 E(vious substitution.)-.25 E F1
+(g)108 326.4 Q F0 .398(Cause changes to be applied o)31 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
2.898(rt).15 G .398(he entire e)-2.898 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .398(nt line.)
.15 F .397(This is used in conjunction with `)5.398 F F1(:s)A F0 2.897
-('\()C(e.g.,)-2.897 E(`)144 304.8 Q F1(:gs/)A F2(old)A F1(/)A F2(ne)A(w)
+('\()C(e.g.,)-2.897 E(`)144 338.4 Q F1(:gs/)A F2(old)A F1(/)A F2(ne)A(w)
-.15 E F1(/)A F0 1.218('\) or `)B F1(:&)A F0 3.718('. If)B 1.218
(used with `)3.718 F F1(:s)A F0 1.218(', an)B 3.718(yd)-.15 G 1.219
(elimiter can be used in place of /, and the \214nal)-3.718 F .09
-(delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the e)144 316.8 R
+(delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the e)144 350.4 R
-.15(ve)-.25 G .089(nt line.).15 F(An)5.089 E F1(a)2.589 E F0 .089
-(may be used as a synon)2.589 F .089(ym for)-.15 F F1(g)144 328.8 Q F0
-(.)A F1(G)108 340.8 Q F0(Apply the follo)28.22 E(wing `)-.25 E F1(s)A F0
+(may be used as a synon)2.589 F .089(ym for)-.15 F F1(g)144 362.4 Q F0
+(.)A F1(G)108 374.4 Q F0(Apply the follo)28.22 E(wing `)-.25 E F1(s)A F0
2.5('m)C(odi\214er once to each w)-2.5 E(ord in the e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25
-G(nt line.).15 E/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)72 357.6 Q(UIL)-.11 E
-(TIN COMMANDS)-1.007 E F0 .062(Unless otherwise noted, each b)108 369.6
+G(nt line.).15 E/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)72 391.2 Q(UIL)-.11 E
+(TIN COMMANDS)-1.007 E F0 .062(Unless otherwise noted, each b)108 403.2
R .062(uiltin command documented in this section as accepting options p\
-receded by)-.2 F F1<ad>108
381.6 Q F0(accepts)3.8 E F1<adad>3.8 E F0 1.3
+receded by)-.2 F F1<ad>108
415.2 Q F0(accepts)3.8 E F1<adad>3.8 E F0 1.3
(to signify the end of the options.)3.8 F -.15(Fo)6.3 G 3.8(re).15 G 1.3
(xample, the)-3.95 F F1(:)3.8 E F0(,)A F1(true)3.8 E F0(,)A F1(false)3.8
E F0 3.8(,a)C(nd)-3.8 E F1(test)3.8 E F0 -.2(bu)3.8 G 1.3(iltins do not)
-.2 F(accept options.)108 393.6 Q F1(:)108 411.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A
-(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .451(No ef)144 423.6 R .451
+.2 F(accept options.)108 427.2 Q F1(:)108 445.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A
+(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .451(No ef)144 457.2 R .451
(fect; the command does nothing be)-.25 F .452(yond e)-.15 F(xpanding)
-.15 E F2(ar)3.282 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .452(and performing an)3.222 F
-2.952(ys)-.15 G(peci\214ed)-2.952 E 2.5(redirections. A)144 435.6 R
-(zero e)2.5 E(xit code is returned.)-.15 E F1(.)110.5 452.4 Q F2
+2.952(ys)-.15 G(peci\214ed)-2.952 E 2.5(redirections. A)144 469.2 R
+(zero e)2.5 E(xit code is returned.)-.15 E F1(.)110.5 486 Q F2
(\214lename)6.666 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A F1(sour)108
-464.4 Q(ce)-.18 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E
-F0(])A 1.02(Read and e)144 476.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.02
-(cute commands from).15 F F2(\214lename)5.43 E F0 1.02
-(in the current shell en)3.7 F 1.02(vironment and return the e)-.4 F
-(xit)-.15 E 1.68(status of the last command e)144 488.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G
-1.68(cuted from).15 F F2(\214lename)4.18 E F0 6.68(.I).18 G(f)-6.68 E F2
-(\214lename)6.09 E F0 1.68(does not contain a slash, \214le)4.36 F .608
-(names in)144 500.4 R/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)3.108 G(TH)-.189 E
-F0 .608(are used to \214nd the directory containing)2.858 F F2
-(\214lename)3.108 E F0 5.608(.T).18 G .608(he \214le searched for in)
--5.608 F F4 -.666(PA)3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .832(need not be e)144 512.4
-R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.332(cutable. When).15 F F1(bash)3.332 E F0 .832
-(is not in)3.332 F F2 .832(posix mode)3.332 F F0 3.332(,t)C .833
+498 Q(ce)-.18 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0
+(])A 1.02(Read and e)144 510 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.02(cute commands from)
+.15 F F2(\214lename)5.43 E F0 1.02(in the current shell en)3.7 F 1.02
+(vironment and return the e)-.4 F(xit)-.15 E 1.68
+(status of the last command e)144 522 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.68(cuted from)
+.15 F F2(\214lename)4.18 E F0 6.68(.I).18 G(f)-6.68 E F2(\214lename)6.09
+E F0 1.68(does not contain a slash, \214le)4.36 F .608(names in)144 534
+R/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .608
+(are used to \214nd the directory containing)2.858 F F2(\214lename)3.108
+E F0 5.608(.T).18 G .608(he \214le searched for in)-5.608 F F4 -.666(PA)
+3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .832(need not be e)144 546 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.332
+(cutable. When).15 F F1(bash)3.332 E F0 .832(is not in)3.332 F F2 .832
+(posix mode)3.332 F F0 3.332(,t)C .833
(he current directory is searched if no)-3.332 F .982
-(\214le is found in)144 524.4 R F4 -.666(PA)3.481 G(TH)-.189 E/F5 9
+(\214le is found in)144 558 R F4 -.666(PA)3.481 G(TH)-.189 E/F5 9
/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .981(If the)5.481 F F1(sour)3.481 E(cepath)-.18
E F0 .981(option to the)3.481 F F1(shopt)3.481 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981
-(iltin command is turned of).2 F .981(f, the)-.25 F F4 -.666(PA)144
-536.4 S(TH)-.189 E F0 .112(is not searched.)2.362 F .112(If an)5.112 F
-(y)-.15 E F2(ar)2.612 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .112(are supplied, the)2.612 F
-2.612(yb)-.15 G .112(ecome the positional parameters when)-2.612 F F2
-(\214lename)144 548.4 Q F0 .342(is e)2.842 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.842
+(iltin command is turned of).2 F .981(f, the)-.25 F F4 -.666(PA)144 570
+S(TH)-.189 E F0 .112(is not searched.)2.362 F .112(If an)5.112 F(y)-.15
+E F2(ar)2.612 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .112(are supplied, the)2.612 F 2.612
+(yb)-.15 G .112(ecome the positional parameters when)-2.612 F F2
+(\214lename)144 582 Q F0 .342(is e)2.842 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.842
(cuted. Otherwise).15 F .342(the positional parameters are unchanged.)
2.842 F .341(The return status is the)5.341 F .716
-(status of the last command e)144 560.4 R .716
+(status of the last command e)144 594 R .716
(xited within the script \(0 if no commands are e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
-.716(cuted\), and f).15 F .716(alse if)-.1 F F2(\214lename)145.91 572.4
-Q F0(is not found or cannot be read.)2.68 E F1(alias)108 589.2 Q F0([)
-2.5 E F1<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)
-C(..])-2.5 E F1(Alias)144 601.2 Q F0 2.725(with no ar)5.225 F 2.724
+.716(cuted\), and f).15 F .716(alse if)-.1 F F2(\214lename)145.91 606 Q
+F0(is not found or cannot be read.)2.68 E F1(alias)108 622.8 Q F0([)2.5
+E F1<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C
+(..])-2.5 E F1(Alias)144 634.8 Q F0 2.725(with no ar)5.225 F 2.724
(guments or with the)-.18 F F1<ad70>5.224 E F0 2.724
(option prints the list of aliases in the form)5.224 F F1(alias)5.224 E
-F2(name)144 613.2 Q F0(=)A F2(value)A F0 .58(on standard output.)3.08 F
+F2(name)144 646.8 Q F0(=)A F2(value)A F0 .58(on standard output.)3.08 F
.58(When ar)5.58 F .58
(guments are supplied, an alias is de\214ned for each)-.18 F F2(name)
-3.08 E F0(whose)144 625.2 Q F2(value)2.895 E F0 .395(is gi)2.895 F -.15
+3.08 E F0(whose)144 658.8 Q F2(value)2.895 E F0 .395(is gi)2.895 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G 2.895(n. A).15 F .395(trailing space in)2.895 F F2(value)
5.395 E F0 .395(causes the ne)2.895 F .395(xt w)-.15 F .395
(ord to be check)-.1 F .395(ed for alias sub-)-.1 F .054
-(stitution when the alias is e)144 637.2 R 2.554(xpanded. F)-.15 F .054
+(stitution when the alias is e)144 670.8 R 2.554(xpanded. F)-.15 F .054
(or each)-.15 F F2(name)2.554 E F0 .054(in the ar)2.554 F .054
(gument list for which no)-.18 F F2(value)2.554 E F0 .054(is sup-)2.554
-F 1.314(plied, the name and v)144 649.2 R 1.314
+F 1.314(plied, the name and v)144 682.8 R 1.314
(alue of the alias is printed.)-.25 F F1(Alias)6.314 E F0 1.314
(returns true unless a)3.814 F F2(name)3.814 E F0 1.313(is gi)3.814 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.813(nf).15 G(or)-3.813 E
-(which no alias has been de\214ned.)144 661.2 Q F1(bg)108 678 Q F0([)2.5
-E F2(jobspec)A F0(...])2.5 E .744(Resume each suspended job)144 690 R F2
+(which no alias has been de\214ned.)144 694.8 Q(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q
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+-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(bg)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0
+SF(jobspec)A F0(...])2.5 E .744(Resume each suspended job)144 96 R F2
(jobspec)3.244 E F0 .745
(in the background, as if it had been started with)3.244 F F1(&)3.245 E
-F0 5.745(.I)C(f)-5.745 E F2(job-)4.985 E(spec)144 702 Q F0 .672
+F0 5.745(.I)C(f)-5.745 E F2(job-)4.985 E(spec)144 108 Q F0 .672
(is not present, the shell')3.482 F 3.172(sn)-.55 G .672(otion of the)
-3.172 F F2(curr)3.172 E .672(ent job)-.37 F F0 .672(is used.)3.172 F F1
(bg)5.671 E F2(jobspec)4.911 E F0 .671(returns 0 unless run)3.481 F .418
-(when job control is disabled or)144 714 R 2.919(,w)-.4 G .419
+(when job control is disabled or)144 120 R 2.919(,w)-.4 G .419
(hen run with job control enabled, an)-2.919 F 2.919(ys)-.15 G
(peci\214ed)-2.919 E F2(jobspec)2.919 E F0 -.1(wa)2.919 G 2.919(sn).1 G
-(ot)-2.919 E(found or w)144 726 Q(as started without job control.)-.1 E
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--2.5 E F0(])A F1(bind)108 96 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6d>A F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G
-(ymap)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad71>-2.5 E F2(function)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1
-<ad75>-2.5 E F2(function)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad72>-2.5 E F2 -.1(ke)2.5
-G(yseq)-.2 E F0(])A F1(bind)108 108 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6d>A F2 -.1(ke)2.5
-G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F1<ad66>2.5 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E F1(bind)108 120 Q
-F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6d>A F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F1<ad78>2.5 E F2
--.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F2(shell\255command)A F1(bind)108 132 Q
-F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6d>A F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G
-(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F2(function\255name)A F1(bind)108 144 Q F2 -.37(re)
-2.5 G(adline\255command).37 E F0 .239(Display current)144 156 R F1 -.18
-(re)2.739 G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(ke)2.739 G 2.739(ya)-.05 G .239
+(ot)-2.919 E(found or w)144 132 Q(as started without job control.)-.1 E
+F1(bind)108 148.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6d>A F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0
+2.5(][)C F1(\255lpsvPSV)-2.5 E F0(])A F1(bind)108 160.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1
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3.087 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .257
(suppressing the normal shell function lookup. Only b)3.027 F .257
-(uiltin commands or)-.2 F .502(commands found in the)144 225.6 R/F3 9
-/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)3.002 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .502(are e)2.752 F -.15
-(xe)-.15 G 3.002(cuted. If).15 F(the)3.002 E F1<ad70>3.002 E F0 .502
-(option is gi)3.002 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .501(n, the search for).15 F F2
-(command)3.201 E F0(is)3.771 E .231(performed using a def)144 237.6 R
-.231(ault v)-.1 F .231(alue for)-.25 F F1 -.74(PA)2.731 G(TH)-.21 E F0
-.231(that is guaranteed to \214nd all of the standard utilities.)2.731 F
-
(If)5.232 E .175(either the)144 249.6 R F1<ad56>2.675 E F0(or)2.675 E F1
+(uiltin commands or)-.2 F .502(commands found in the)144 297.6 R F3
+-.666(PA)3.002 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .502(are e)2.752 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.002
+(cuted. If).15 F(the)3.002 E F1<ad70>3.002 E F0 .502(option is gi)3.002
+F -.15(ve)-.25 G .501(n, the search for).15 F F2(command)3.201 E F0(is)
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+(alue for)-.25 F F1 -.74(PA)2.731 G(TH)-.21 E F0 .231
+(that is guaranteed to \214nd all of the standard utilities.)2.731 F(If)
+
5.232 E .175(either the)144 321.6 R F1<ad56>2.675 E F0(or)2.675 E F1
<ad76>2.675 E F0 .175(option is supplied, a description of)2.675 F F2
(command)2.875 E F0 .174(is printed.)3.445 F(The)5.174 E F1<ad76>2.674 E
-F0 .174(option causes)2.674 F 3.11(as)144 261.6 S .61(ingle w)-3.11 F
+F0 .174(option causes)2.674 F 3.11(as)144 333.6 S .61(ingle w)-3.11 F
.61(ord indicating the command or \214le name used to in)-.1 F -.2(vo)
-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G F2(command)3.41 E F0 .61(to be displayed; the)3.88 F
-F1<ad56>144 273.6 Q F0 .25(option produces a more v)2.75 F .25
+F1<ad56>144 345.6 Q F0 .25(option produces a more v)2.75 F .25
(erbose description.)-.15 F .249(If the)5.25 F F1<ad56>2.749 E F0(or)
2.749 E F1<ad76>2.749 E F0 .249(option is supplied, the e)2.749 F .249
-(xit status)-.15 F 1.004(is 0 if)144 285.6 R F2(command)3.704 E F0 -.1
+(xit status)-.15 F 1.004(is 0 if)144 357.6 R F2(command)3.704 E F0 -.1
(wa)4.274 G 3.504(sf).1 G 1.005(ound, and 1 if not.)-3.504 F 1.005
(If neither option is supplied and an error occurred or)6.005 F F2
-(command)144.2 297.6 Q F0 1.599(cannot be found, the e)4.869 F 1.599
+(command)144.2 369.6 Q F0 1.599(cannot be found, the e)4.869 F 1.599
(xit status is 127.)-.15 F 1.599(Otherwise, the e)6.599 F 1.598
-(xit status of the)-.15 F F1(command)4.098 E F0 -.2(bu)144 309.6 S
+(xit status of the)-.15 F F1(command)4.098 E F0 -.2(bu)144 381.6 S
(iltin is the e).2 E(xit status of)-.15 E F2(command)2.5 E F0(.).77 E F1
-(compgen)108 326.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(wor)-2.5 E(d)
--.37 E F0(])A .012(Generate possible completion matches for)144 338.4 R
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F2(wor)2.513 E(d)-.37 E F0 .013(according to the)2.513 F F2(option)2.513
E F0 .013(s, which may be an)B 2.513(yo)-.15 G(ption)-2.513 E .982
-(accepted by the)144 350.4 R F1(complete)3.482 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981
+(accepted by the)144 422.4 R F1(complete)3.482 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981
(iltin with the e).2 F .981(xception of)-.15 F F1<ad70>3.481 E F0(and)
3.481 E F1<ad72>3.481 E F0 3.481(,a)C .981(nd write the matches to the)
--3.481 F 1.415(standard output.)144 362.4 R 1.415(When using the)6.415 F
+-3.481 F 1.415(standard output.)144 434.4 R 1.415(When using the)6.415 F
F1<ad46>3.915 E F0(or)3.915 E F1<ad43>3.915 E F0 1.415(options, the v)
3.915 F 1.415(arious shell v)-.25 F 1.415(ariables set by the pro-)-.25
-F(grammable completion f)144 374.4 Q(acilities, while a)-.1 E -.25(va)
+F(grammable completion f)144 446.4 Q(acilities, while a)-.1 E -.25(va)
-.2 G(ilable, will not ha).25 E .3 -.15(ve u)-.2 H(seful v).15 E(alues.)
--.25 E .352(The matches will be generated in the same w)144 398.4 R .352
+-.25 E .352(The matches will be generated in the same w)144 470.4 R .352
(ay as if the programmable completion code had gen-)-.1 F .02(erated th\
em directly from a completion speci\214cation with the same \215ags.)144
-410.4 R(If)5.02 E F2(wor)2.52 E(d)-.37 E F0 .02(is speci\214ed, only)
-2.52 F(those completions matching)144 422.4 Q F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0
-(will be displayed.)2.5 E(The return v)144 446.4 Q
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+(will be displayed.)2.5 E(The return v)144 518.4 Q
(alue is true unless an in)-.25 E -.25(va)-.4 G
(lid option is supplied, or no matches were generated.).25 E F1
-(complete)108 463.2 Q F0([)3.265 E F1(\255abcdefgjksuv)A F0 3.265(][)C
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F1<ad6f>-3.265 E F2(comp-option)3.265 E F0 3.265(][)C F1<ad41>-3.265 E
F2(action)3.265 E F0 3.265(][)C F1<ad47>-3.265 E F2(globpat)3.265 E F0
3.265(][)C F1<ad57>-3.265 E F2(wor)3.265 E(dlist)-.37 E F0 3.265(][)C F1
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-(command)108
475.2 Q F0(])A([)144 487.2 Q F1<ad58>A F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E
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547.2 Q F0(])A([)144 559.2 Q F1<ad58>A F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E
F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad50>-2.5 E F2(pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E F0 2.5(][)C F1
<ad53>-2.5 E F2(suf)2.5 E<8c78>-.18 E F0(])A F2(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2
-(name ...)A F0(])A F1(complete \255pr)108 499.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(name)A
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+(name ...)A F0(])A F1(complete \255pr)108 571.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(name)A
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G .634(uments to each).18 F F2(name)3.134 E F0 .634
(should be completed.)3.134 F .633(If the)5.634 F F1<ad70>3.133 E F0
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-144 523.2 R .139(xisting completion speci\214cations are printed in a w)
+144 595.2 R .139(xisting completion speci\214cations are printed in a w)
-.15 F .14(ay that allo)-.1 F .14(ws them to be)-.25 F .31
-(reused as input.)144
535.2 R(The)5.31 E F1<ad72>2.81 E F0 .31
+(reused as input.)144
607.2 R(The)5.31 E F1<ad72>2.81 E F0 .31
(option remo)2.81 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.81(sac).15 G .31
(ompletion speci\214cation for each)-2.81 F F2(name)2.81 E F0 2.81(,o)C
1.11 -.4(r, i)-2.81 H 2.81(fn).4 G(o)-2.81 E F2(name)2.81 E F0(s)A
-(are supplied, all completion speci\214cations.)144 547.2 Q 1.437
+(are supplied, all completion speci\214cations.)144 619.2 Q 1.437
(The process of applying these completion speci\214cations when w)144
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-583.2 Q .3 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1(Pr)2.5 E
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-(Other options, if speci\214ed, ha)144 607.2 R .856 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .555
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(he follo).15 F .555(wing meanings.)-.25 F .555(The ar)5.555 F .555
(guments to the)-.18 F F1<ad47>3.055 E F0(,)A F1<ad57>3.055 E F0 3.055
(,a)C(nd)-3.055 E F1<ad58>3.055 E F0 .722(options \(and, if necessary)
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19.2 R 3.222(,t)-.65 G(he)-3.222 E F1<ad50>3.222 E F0(and)3.222 E
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91.2 R 3.222(,t)-.65 G(he)-3.222 E F1<ad50>3.222 E F0(and)3.222 E
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(options\) should be quoted to protect them from e)3.222 F(xpan-)-.15 E
-(sion before the)144 631.2 Q F1(complete)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G
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-(yond the simple)-.15 F(generation of completions.)184 667.2 Q F2
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+(yond the simple)-.15 F(generation of completions.)184 108 Q F2
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(ea)-.1 G .496(dding a slash to directory names or suppress-)-2.996 F
-(ing trailing spaces\).)224 144 Q
-(Intended to be used with shell functions.)5 E F1(nospace)184 156 Q F0
+(ing trailing spaces\).)224 240 Q
+(Intended to be used with shell functions.)5 E F1(nospace)184 252 Q F0
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(ault\) to w)-.1 F .22(ords completed at the end)-.1 F(of the line.)224
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1.985(atches de\214ned by the compspec are generated, directory name)
--4.485 F .583(completion is attempted and an)224 192 R 3.084(ym)-.15 G
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.584(atches are added to the results of the other)-3.084 F(actions.)224
-204 Q F1<ad41>144 216 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(action)2.5 E F0(The)184
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(wing to generate a list of possible completions:)-.25 E F1(alias)184
-
240 Q F0(Alias names.)20.55 E(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad61>2.5
-E F0(.)A F1(arrayv)184 252 Q(ar)-.1 E F0(Array v)224 264 Q
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336 Q F0(Alias names.)20.55 E(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad61>2.5
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-(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad62>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(command)184 300
-Q F0(Command names.)224
312 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad63>2.5
-E F0(.)A F1(dir)184 324 Q(ectory)-.18 E F0(Directory names.)224 336 Q
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+(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad62>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(command)184 396
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408 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad63>2.5
+E F0(.)A F1(dir)184 420 Q(ectory)-.18 E F0(Directory names.)224 432 Q
+(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad64>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(disabled)184 444
+Q F0(Names of disabled shell b)224 456 Q(uiltins.)-.2 E F1(enabled)184
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396 Q F0(File names.)27.22 E(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad66>2.5
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-(gr)184 432 Q(oup)-.18 E F0(Group names.)14.62 E
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492 Q F0(File names.)27.22 E(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad66>2.5
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(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad67>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(helptopic)184
-444 Q F0(Help topics as accepted by the)224 456 Q F1(help)2.5 E F0 -.2
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+540 Q F0(Help topics as accepted by the)224 552 Q F1(help)2.5 E F0 -.2
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-(shopt)184 564 Q F0(Shell option names as accepted by the)16.66 E F1
-(shopt)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(signal)184 576 Q F0
-(Signal names.)14.99 E F1(stopped)184 588 Q F0
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-(xpanded to generate the possible comple-)-.15 F(tions.)184 648 Q F1
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--.25 F 2.008(each resultant w)184 684 R 2.008(ord is e)-.1 F 4.508
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--.1 E(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2008 February 22)138.46 E(48)188.45 E 0 Cg
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(vironment. When)-.4 F 1.18(it \214n-)3.68 F .932
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-/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMPREPL)3.432 E(Y)-.828 E F0(array)3.182 E -.25(va)184
-156 S(riable.).25 E F1<ad58>144 168 Q F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E(\214lterpat)
-184 180 Q F0 .733(is a pattern as used for \214lename e)3.234 F 3.233
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(ompletion not matching)-2.5 E F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E F0(is remo)2.5 E
--.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E F1<ad50>144 228 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E(pr)
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--.15(ve)-.2 G(been applied.)184 252 Q F1<ad53>144 264 Q F2(suf)2.5 E
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2.81(\214x suf)-.18 F<8c78>-.18 E F0
(is appended to each possible completion after all other options ha)2.5
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-144 369.6 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting a loop when).15 E F1(continue)2.5 E F0
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(Clears the directory stack by deleting all of the entries.)25.86 E F1
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201.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255cl)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad61>-2.5 E F2
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458.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255cl)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad61>-2.5 E F2
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E(gin)-.1 E F0 .499(\(1\) does.).24 F(The)5.499 E F1<ad63>2.999 E F0
-.499(option causes)2.999 F F2(com-)3.199 E(mand)144 249.6 Q F0 .638
+.499(option causes)2.999 F F2(com-)3.199 E(mand)144 506.4 Q F0 .638
(to be e)3.908 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .638(cuted with an empty en).15 F 3.138
(vironment. If)-.4 F F1<ad61>3.138 E F0 .638
(is supplied, the shell passes)3.138 F F2(name)3.499 E F0 .639(as the)
-3.319 F 1.078(zeroth ar)144 261.6 R 1.077(gument to the e)-.18 F -.15
+3.319 F 1.078(zeroth ar)144 518.4 R 1.077(gument to the e)-.18 F -.15
(xe)-.15 G 1.077(cuted command.).15 F(If)6.077 E F2(command)3.777 E F0
1.077(cannot be e)4.347 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.077(cuted for some reason, a)
-.15 F(non-interacti)144 273.6 Q .617 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .317(hell e).15 F
+.15 F(non-interacti)144 530.4 Q .617 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .317(hell e).15 F
.317(xits, unless the shell option)-.15 F F1(execfail)2.817 E F0 .318
(is enabled, in which case it returns f)2.817 F(ail-)-.1 E 2.505
-(ure. An)144 285.6 R(interacti)2.505 E .305 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .005
+(ure. An)144 542.4 R(interacti)2.505 E .305 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .005
(hell returns f).15 F .005(ailure if the \214le cannot be e)-.1 F -.15
(xe)-.15 G 2.505(cuted. If).15 F F2(command)2.705 E F0 .005
-(is not speci\214ed,)3.275 F(an)144 297.6 Q 3.036(yr)-.15 G .536
+(is not speci\214ed,)3.275 F(an)144 554.4 Q 3.036(yr)-.15 G .536
(edirections tak)-3.036 F 3.036(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-3.036 G .536
(ect in the current shell, and the return status is 0.).25 F .536
-(If there is a redirection)5.536 F(error)144 309.6 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G
-(he return status is 1.)-2.5 E F1(exit)108 326.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0
+(If there is a redirection)5.536 F(error)144 566.4 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G
+(he return status is 1.)-2.5 E F1(exit)108 583.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0
6.29(]C)C .096(ause the shell to e)-6.29 F .096(xit with a status of)
-.15 F F2(n)2.596 E F0 5.096(.I)C(f)-5.096 E F2(n)2.955 E F0 .095
(is omitted, the e)2.835 F .095(xit status is that of the last command)
--.15 F -.15(exe)144 338.4 S 2.5(cuted. A).15 F(trap on)2.5 E/F3 9
-/Times-Bold@0 SF(EXIT)2.5 E F0(is e)2.25 E -.15(xe)-.15 G
-(cuted before the shell terminates.).15 E F1(export)108 355.2 Q F0([)2.5
-E F1(\255fn)A F0 2.5(][).833 G F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E
-F0(]] ...)A F1(export \255p)108 367.2 Q F0 .256(The supplied)144 379.2 R
-F2(names)3.117 E F0 .257(are mark)3.027 F .257(ed for automatic e)-.1 F
-.257(xport to the en)-.15 F .257(vironment of subsequently e)-.4 F -.15
-(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E 2.627(commands. If)144 391.2 R(the)2.627 E F1
-<ad66>2.627 E F0 .127(option is gi)2.627 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .127(n, the)
-.15 F F2(names)2.987 E F0 .127(refer to functions.)2.897 F .127(If no)
-5.127 F F2(names)2.987 E F0 .127(are gi)2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .126
-(n, or if the).15 F F1<ad70>144 403.2 Q F0 .659
-(option is supplied, a list of all names that are e)3.159 F .66
-(xported in this shell is printed.)-.15 F(The)5.66 E F1<ad6e>3.16 E F0
-(option)3.16 E 1.587(causes the e)144 415.2 R 1.587
+-.15 F -.15(exe)144 595.2 S 2.5(cuted. A).15 F(trap on)2.5 E F3(EXIT)2.5
+E F0(is e)2.25 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted before the shell terminates.).15 E
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+E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(]] ...)A F1(export \255p)108 624 Q F0
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+(vironment of subsequently e)-.4 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E 2.627
+(commands. If)144 648 R(the)2.627 E F1<ad66>2.627 E F0 .127
+(option is gi)2.627 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .127(n, the).15 F F2(names)2.987 E
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+F0 .127(are gi)2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .126(n, or if the).15 F F1<ad70>
+144 660 Q F0 .659(option is supplied, a list of all names that are e)
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(xport property to be remo)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.086(df).15 G 1.586
(rom each)-4.086 F F2(name)4.086 E F0 6.586(.I)C 4.086(fav)-6.586 G
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-F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 2.803(,t)C .303(he v)-2.803 F .303(alue of the v)
--.25 F .304(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)2.804 E(d)-.37 E F0(.)A F1
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+(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 2.803(,t)C .303(he v)-2.803 F .303(alue of the v)-.25
+F .304(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)2.804 E(d)-.37 E F0(.)A F1
(export)5.304 E F0 .304(returns an e)2.804 F .304
(xit status of 0 unless an in)-.15 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .294
-(option is encountered, one of the)144 439.2 R F2(names)2.793 E F0 .293
+(option is encountered, one of the)144 696 R F2(names)2.793 E F0 .293
(is not a v)2.793 F .293(alid shell v)-.25 F .293(ariable name, or)-.25
-F F1<ad66>2.793 E F0 .293(is supplied with a)2.793 F F2(name)144.36
-451.2 Q F0(that is not a function.)2.68 E F1(fc)108 468 Q F0([)2.5 E F1
-<ad65>A F2(ename)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255lnr)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2
-<8c72>-2.5 E(st)-.1 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(last)-2.5 E F0(])A F1(fc \255s)108
-480 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(pat)A F0(=)A F2 -.37(re)C(p).37 E F0 2.5(][)C F2
-(cmd)-2.5 E F0(])A .477(Fix Command.)144 492 R .478
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+Q F0(that is not a function.)2.68 E(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2008 April 5)
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+/Times-Italic@0 SF(ename)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255lnr)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C
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+108 96 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(pat)A F0(=)A F2 -.37(re)C(p).37 E F0 2.5(][)C F2
+(cmd)-2.5 E F0(])A .477(Fix Command.)144 108 R .478
(In the \214rst form, a range of commands from)5.477 F F2<8c72>4.888 E
(st)-.1 E F0(to)3.658 E F2(last)3.068 E F0 .478
-(is selected from the his-)3.658 F .882(tory list.)144 504 R F2 -.45(Fi)
+(is selected from the his-)3.658 F .882(tory list.)144 120 R F2 -.45(Fi)
5.882 G -.1(rs).45 G(t).1 E F0(and)4.062 E F2(last)3.472 E F0 .882
(may be speci\214ed as a string \(to locate the last command be)4.062 F
.881(ginning with)-.15 F .797(that string\) or as a number \(an inde)144
-516 R 3.297(xi)-.15 G .797(nto the history list, where a ne)-3.297 F
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-.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.097 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .797(umber is used as an)
-.15 F(of)144 528 Q .277(fset from the current command number\).)-.25 F
+.15 F(of)144 144 Q .277(fset from the current command number\).)-.25 F
(If)5.277 E F2(last)2.867 E F0 .276
(is not speci\214ed it is set to the current command)3.457 F .092
-(for listing \(so that)144 540 R/F4 10/Courier@0 SF .092
+(for listing \(so that)144 156 R/F3 10/Courier@0 SF .092
(fc \255l \25510)2.592 F F0 .092(prints the last 10 commands\) and to)
2.592 F F2<8c72>4.502 E(st)-.1 E F0 2.592(otherwise. If)3.272 F F2<8c72>
4.502 E(st)-.1 E F0 .093(is not)3.273 F
-(speci\214ed it is set to the pre)144 552 Q
-(vious command for editing and \25516 for listing.)-.25 E(The)144 576 Q
+(speci\214ed it is set to the pre)144 168 Q
+(vious command for editing and \25516 for listing.)-.25 E(The)144 192 Q
F1<ad6e>2.522 E F0 .022
(option suppresses the command numbers when listing.)2.522 F(The)5.022 E
F1<ad72>2.522 E F0 .022(option re)2.522 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .022
-(rses the order of).15 F .438(the commands.)144 588 R .438(If the)5.438
+(rses the order of).15 F .438(the commands.)144 204 R .438(If the)5.438
F F1<ad6c>2.938 E F0 .438(option is gi)2.938 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .438
(n, the commands are listed on standard output.).15 F(Otherwise,)5.438 E
-.335(the editor gi)144 600 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.835(nb).15 G(y)-2.835 E F2
+.335(the editor gi)144 216 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.835(nb).15 G(y)-2.835 E F2
(ename)3.025 E F0 .335(is in)3.015 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.835(do)
.1 G 2.835(na\214)-2.835 G .335(le containing those commands.)-2.835 F
(If)5.334 E F2(ename)3.024 E F0 .334(is not gi)3.014 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(n,).15 E .63(the v)144 612 R .63(alue of the)-.25 F F3(FCEDIT)3.13 E F0
--.25(va)2.88 G .631(riable is used, and the v).25 F .631(alue of)-.25 F
-F3(EDIT)3.131 E(OR)-.162 E F0(if)2.881 E F3(FCEDIT)3.131 E F0 .631
-(is not set.)2.881 F .631(If nei-)5.631 F .951(ther v)144 624 R .951
-(ariable is set,)-.25 F F2(vi)5.117 E F0 .951(is used.)5.117 F .95
-(When editing is complete, the edited commands are echoed and)5.951 F
--.15(exe)144 636 S(cuted.).15 E .039(In the second form,)144 660 R F2
+(n,).15 E .63(the v)144 228 R .63(alue of the)-.25 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0
+SF(FCEDIT)3.13 E F0 -.25(va)2.88 G .631(riable is used, and the v).25 F
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+3.131 E F0 .631(is not set.)2.881 F .631(If nei-)5.631 F .951(ther v)144
+240 R .951(ariable is set,)-.25 F F2(vi)5.117 E F0 .951(is used.)5.117 F
+.95(When editing is complete, the edited commands are echoed and)5.951 F
+-.15(exe)144 252 S(cuted.).15 E .039(In the second form,)144 276 R F2
(command)2.539 E F0 .039(is re-e)2.539 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .039
(cuted after each instance of).15 F F2(pat)2.54 E F0 .04(is replaced by)
2.54 F F2 -.37(re)2.54 G(p).37 E F0 5.04(.A)C(useful)-2.5 E .406
-(alias to use with this is)144 672 R F4 .406(r='fc \255s')2.906 F F0
-2.906(,s)C 2.906(ot)-2.906 G .406(hat typing)-2.906 F F4 6.406(rc)2.906
+(alias to use with this is)144 288 R F3 .406(r='fc \255s')2.906 F F0
+2.906(,s)C 2.906(ot)-2.906 G .406(hat typing)-2.906 F F3 6.406(rc)2.906
G(c)-6.406 E F0 .406(runs the last command be)2.906 F .406(ginning with)
--.15 F F4(cc)144 684 Q F0(and typing)2.5 E F4(r)2.5 E F0(re-e)2.5 E -.15
+-.15 F F3(cc)144 300 Q F0(and typing)2.5 E F3(r)2.5 E F0(re-e)2.5 E -.15
(xe)-.15 G(cutes the last command.).15 E .142
-(If the \214rst form is used, the return v)144 708 R .142
+(If the \214rst form is used, the return v)144 324 R .142
(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .142
(lid option is encountered or).25 F F2<8c72>4.552 E(st)-.1 E F0(or)3.322
-E F2(last)2.732 E F0 .455(specify history lines out of range.)144 720 R
+E F2(last)2.732 E F0 .455(specify history lines out of range.)144 336 R
.454(If the)5.454 F F1<ad65>2.954 E F0 .454
(option is supplied, the return v)2.954 F .454(alue is the v)-.25 F .454
-(alue of the)-.25 F(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2008 February 22)138.46 E(51)
-188.45 E 0 Cg EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E .787(last command e)144 84 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .787(cuted or f).15 F
-.788(ailure if an error occurs with the temporary \214le of commands.)
--.1 F .788(If the)5.788 F 1.136
+(alue of the)-.25 F .787(last command e)144 348 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .787
+(cuted or f).15 F .788
+(ailure if an error occurs with the temporary \214le of commands.)-.1 F
+.788(If the)5.788 F 1.136
(second form is used, the return status is that of the command re-e)144
-96 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.135(cuted, unless).15 F/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
-(cmd)3.835 E F0 1.135(does not)4.405 F(specify a v)144 108 Q
-(alid history line, in which case)-.25 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(fc)2.5 E
-F0(returns f)2.5 E(ailure.)-.1 E F2(fg)108 124.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1
-(jobspec)A F0(])A(Resume)144 136.8 Q F1(jobspec)5.653 E F0 1.413
-(in the fore)4.223 F 1.413(ground, and mak)-.15 F 3.913(ei)-.1 G 3.913
-(tt)-3.913 G 1.413(he current job)-3.913 F 6.413(.I)-.4 G(f)-6.413 E F1
-(jobspec)5.653 E F0 1.414(is not present, the)4.223 F(shell')144 148.8 Q
-3.117(sn)-.55 G .617(otion of the)-3.117 F F1(curr)3.117 E .617(ent job)
--.37 F F0 .617(is used.)3.117 F .617(The return v)5.617 F .616
-(alue is that of the command placed into the)-.25 F(fore)144 160.8 Q
+360 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.135(cuted, unless).15 F F2(cmd)3.835 E F0 1.135
+(does not)4.405 F(specify a v)144 372 Q
+(alid history line, in which case)-.25 E F1(fc)2.5 E F0(returns f)2.5 E
+(ailure.)-.1 E F1(fg)108 388.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(jobspec)A F0(])A(Resume)
+144 400.8 Q F2(jobspec)5.653 E F0 1.413(in the fore)4.223 F 1.413
+(ground, and mak)-.15 F 3.913(ei)-.1 G 3.913(tt)-3.913 G 1.413
+(he current job)-3.913 F 6.413(.I)-.4 G(f)-6.413 E F2(jobspec)5.653 E F0
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+(is used.)3.117 F .617(The return v)5.617 F .616
+(alue is that of the command placed into the)-.25 F(fore)144 424.8 Q
.362(ground, or f)-.15 F .362
(ailure if run when job control is disabled or)-.1 F 2.862(,w)-.4 G .363
-(hen run with job control enabled, if)-2.862 F F1(jobspec)145.74 172.8 Q
-F0 .004(does not specify a v)2.815 F .004(alid job or)-.25 F F1(jobspec)
+(hen run with job control enabled, if)-2.862 F F2(jobspec)145.74 436.8 Q
+F0 .004(does not specify a v)2.815 F .004(alid job or)-.25 F F2(jobspec)
4.244 E F0 .004(speci\214es a job that w)2.814 F .004
-(as started without job control.)-.1 F F2(getopts)108 189.6 Q F1
-(optstring name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1(ar)A(gs)-.37 E F0(])A F2(getopts)144
-201.6 Q F0 .793
-(is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters.)3.293 F F1
+(as started without job control.)-.1 F F1(getopts)108 453.6 Q F2
+(optstring name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(gs)-.37 E F0(])A F1(getopts)144
+465.6 Q F0 .793
+(is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters.)3.293 F F2
(optstring)6.023 E F0 .793(contains the option)3.513 F .15
-(characters to be recognized; if a character is follo)144 213.6 R .149
+(characters to be recognized; if a character is follo)144 477.6 R .149
(wed by a colon, the option is e)-.25 F .149(xpected to ha)-.15 F .449
--.15(ve a)-.2 H(n).15 E(ar)144 225.6 Q .578
+-.15(ve a)-.2 H(n).15 E(ar)144 489.6 Q .578
(gument, which should be separated from it by white space.)-.18 F .579
(The colon and question mark char)5.579 F(-)-.2 E 1.665
-(acters may not be used as option characters.)144 237.6 R 1.665
-(Each time it is in)6.665 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d,).1 E F2(getopts)
+(acters may not be used as option characters.)144 501.6 R 1.665
+(Each time it is in)6.665 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d,).1 E F1(getopts)
4.165 E F0 1.665(places the ne)4.165 F(xt)-.15 E .796
-(option in the shell v)144 249.6 R(ariable)-.25 E F1(name)3.296 E F0
-3.296(,i).18 G(nitializing)-3.296 E F1(name)3.657 E F0 .797
+(option in the shell v)144 513.6 R(ariable)-.25 E F2(name)3.296 E F0
+3.296(,i).18 G(nitializing)-3.296 E F2(name)3.657 E F0 .797
(if it does not e)3.477 F .797(xist, and the inde)-.15 F 3.297(xo)-.15 G
-3.297(ft)-3.297 G .797(he ne)-3.297 F(xt)-.15 E(ar)144 261.6 Q .085
-(gument to be processed into the v)-.18 F(ariable)-.25 E/F3 9
-/Times-Bold@0 SF(OPTIND)2.585 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F3(OPTIND)
-4.585 E F0 .085(is initialized to 1 each time the shell)2.335 F .845
-(or a shell script is in)144 273.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.345
-(d. When).1 F .845(an option requires an ar)3.345 F(gument,)-.18 E F2
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+(gument to be processed into the v)-.18 F(ariable)-.25 E F4(OPTIND)2.585
+E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F4(OPTIND)4.585 E F0 .085
+(is initialized to 1 each time the shell)2.335 F .845
+(or a shell script is in)144 537.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.345
+(d. When).1 F .845(an option requires an ar)3.345 F(gument,)-.18 E F1
(getopts)3.346 E F0 .846(places that ar)3.346 F(gument)-.18 E .804
-(into the v)144 285.6 R(ariable)-.25 E F3(OPT)3.304 E(ARG)-.81 E F4(.)A
-F0 .803(The shell does not reset)5.304 F F3(OPTIND)3.303 E F0 .803
+(into the v)144 549.6 R(ariable)-.25 E F4(OPT)3.304 E(ARG)-.81 E F5(.)A
+F0 .803(The shell does not reset)5.304 F F4(OPTIND)3.303 E F0 .803
(automatically; it must be manually)3.053 F .293
-(reset between multiple calls to)144 297.6 R F2(getopts)2.793 E F0 .293
+(reset between multiple calls to)144 561.6 R F1(getopts)2.793 E F0 .293
(within the same shell in)2.793 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .293(cation if a ne).2 F
-2.793(ws)-.25 G .294(et of parameters)-2.793 F(is to be used.)144 309.6
-Q 2.044(When the end of options is encountered,)144 333.6 R F2(getopts)
+2.793(ws)-.25 G .294(et of parameters)-2.793 F(is to be used.)144 573.6
+Q 2.044(When the end of options is encountered,)144 597.6 R F1(getopts)
4.543 E F0 -.15(ex)4.543 G 2.043(its with a return v).15 F 2.043
-(alue greater than zero.)-.25 F F2(OPTIND)144 345.6 Q F0
+(alue greater than zero.)-.25 F F1(OPTIND)144 609.6 Q F0
(is set to the inde)2.5 E 2.5(xo)-.15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G
-(he \214rst non-option ar)-2.5 E(gument, and)-.18 E F2(name)2.5 E F0
-(is set to ?.)2.5 E F2(getopts)144 369.6 Q F0 2.392
+(he \214rst non-option ar)-2.5 E(gument, and)-.18 E F1(name)2.5 E F0
+(is set to ?.)2.5 E F1(getopts)144 633.6 Q F0 2.392
(normally parses the positional parameters, b)4.892 F 2.392
(ut if more ar)-.2 F 2.393(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.893
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-381.6 Q F0(parses those instead.)2.5 E F2(getopts)144 405.6 Q F0 1.166
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(can report errors in tw)3.666 F 3.665(ow)-.1 G 3.665(ays. If)-3.765 F
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-(is set to 0, no error messages)2.644 F(will be displayed, e)144 441.6 Q
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256.8 R F3<ad74>2.521 E F0 .021
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2<ad74>3.703 E F0 3.703(,t)C(he)
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(th no options, display the command history list with line numbers.).4 F
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1<ad64>144
-304.8 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 E F0(Delete the history entry at position)
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3<ad64>144
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1<ad77>
-144 400.8 Q F0(Write the current history to the history \214le, o)23.08
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3<ad77>
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-2.78 F .539(is written to the history \214le, mark)144 489.6 R .539
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-(hen the history \214le is)-5.54 F 1.779(read, lines be)144 501.6 R
-1.779(ginning with the history comment character follo)-.15 F 1.778
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(wed immediately by a digit are)-.25 F 1.424
-(interpreted as timestamps for the pre)144 513.6 R 1.424
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(vious history line.)-.25 F 1.424(The return v)6.424 F 1.424
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.193(Display information only about jobs that ha)24.74 F .494 -.15(ve c)
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-(\214ed of their status.)180 626.4 Q F1<ad72>144 638.4 Q F0
-(Restrict output to running jobs.)25.86 E F1<ad73>144 650.4 Q F0
-(Restrict output to stopped jobs.)26.41 E(If)144 667.2 Q F2(jobspec)
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4.554 E F0 .314(is gi)3.124 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .314
(n, output is restricted to information about that job).15 F 5.313(.T)
--.4 G .313(he return status is 0 unless)-5.313 F(an in)144 679.2 Q -.25
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(va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered or an in).25 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25
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-(xit status of a process termi-)-.15 F .594(nated by a signal.)144 180 R
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--2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 261.6 S
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2.56(re).15 G .06(ach ar)-2.56 F .06(gument, a local v)-.18 F .06
-(ariable named)-.25 F F2(name)2.92 E F0 .06(is created, and assigned)
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--.4(Wi)5.86 G .86(th no operands,).4 F F1(local)144 297.6 Q F0 1.164
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(writes a list of local v)3.664 F 1.165
(ariables to the standard output.)-.25 F 1.165(It is an error to use)
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(ntries from the directory stack.)-2.799 F -.4(Wi)5.299 G .299(th no ar)
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(he top directory from the)-2.799 F 1.479(stack, and performs a)144
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(op directory)-3.979 F 6.479(.A)-.65 G -.18(rg)-6.479 G 1.478
(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.778 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.478(he follo).15
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(Suppresses the normal change of directory when remo)24.74 F .551
(ving directories from the stack, so)-.15 F
-(that only the stack is manipulated.)180 415.2 Q F1(+)144 427.2 Q F2(n)A
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1.259(th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.26(wn by)-.25
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652.8 Q F1<ad76>2.904 E F0 .404
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216 Q F1<ad76>2.904 E F0 .404
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--.25 F(as appropriate, had been supplied.)144 712.8 Q(The return v)5 E
-(alue is zero on success, non-zero on f)-.25 E(ailure.)-.1 E
-(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2008 February 22)138.46 E(54)188.45 E 0 Cg EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(pushd)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6e>A F0 2.5
-(][)C(+)-2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0 2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F2(n)A
-F0(])A F1(pushd)108 96 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6e>A F0 2.5(][)C F2(dir)-2.5 E
-F0(])A .639(Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rota\
-tes the stack, making the ne)144 108 R 3.14(wt)-.25 G .64(op of the)
--3.14 F 1.316(stack the current w)144 120 R 1.316(orking directory)-.1 F
-6.316(.W)-.65 G 1.315(ith no ar)-6.716 F 1.315(guments, e)-.18 F 1.315
-(xchanges the top tw)-.15 F 3.815(od)-.1 G 1.315(irectories and)-3.815 F
-.871(returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty)144 132 R 5.871(.A)
+-.25 F(as appropriate, had been supplied.)144 276 Q(The return v)5 E
+(alue is zero on success, non-zero on f)-.25 E(ailure.)-.1 E F1(pushd)
+108 292.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6e>A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F2(n)A F0 2.5(][)C
+<ad>-2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A F1(pushd)108 304.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6e>A F0
+2.5(][)C F2(dir)-2.5 E F0(])A .639(Adds a directory to the top of the d\
+irectory stack, or rotates the stack, making the ne)144 316.8 R 3.14(wt)
+-.25 G .64(op of the)-3.14 F 1.316(stack the current w)144 328.8 R 1.316
+(orking directory)-.1 F 6.316(.W)-.65 G 1.315(ith no ar)-6.716 F 1.315
+(guments, e)-.18 F 1.315(xchanges the top tw)-.15 F 3.815(od)-.1 G 1.315
+(irectories and)-3.815 F .871
+(returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty)144 340.8 R 5.871(.A)
-.65 G -.18(rg)-5.871 G .872(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.172 -.15
-(ve t)-.2 H .872(he follo).15 F .872(wing mean-)-.25 F(ings:)144 144 Q
-F1<ad6e>144 156 Q F0 .902(Suppresses the normal change of directory whe\
-n adding directories to the stack, so that)24.74 F
-(only the stack is manipulated.)180 168 Q F1(+)144 180 Q F2(n)A F0 1.267
-(Rotates the stack so that the)25.3 F F2(n)3.767 E F0 1.268
+(ve t)-.2 H .872(he follo).15 F .872(wing mean-)-.25 F(ings:)144 352.8 Q
+F1<ad6e>144 364.8 Q F0 .902(Suppresses the normal change of directory w\
+hen adding directories to the stack, so that)24.74 F
+(only the stack is manipulated.)180 376.8 Q F1(+)144 388.8 Q F2(n)A F0
+1.267(Rotates the stack so that the)25.3 F F2(n)3.767 E F0 1.268
(th directory \(counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.268(wn by)
--.25 F F1(dirs)180 192 Q F0 2.5(,s)C(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)
--2.5 E F1<ad>144 204 Q F2(n)A F0 .92(Rotates the stack so that the)25.3
-F F2(n)3.42 E F0 .92
+-.25 F F1(dirs)180 400.8 Q F0 2.5(,s)C
+(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)-2.5 E F1<ad>144 412.8 Q F2(n)A F0
+.92(Rotates the stack so that the)25.3 F F2(n)3.42 E F0 .92
(th directory \(counting from the right of the list sho)B .92(wn by)-.25
-F F1(dirs)180 216 Q F0 2.5(,s)C(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)-2.5
-E F2(dir)144.35 228 Q F0(Adds)23.98 E F2(dir)2.85 E F0
+F F1(dirs)180 424.8 Q F0 2.5(,s)C(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)
+-2.5 E F2(dir)144.35 436.8 Q F0(Adds)23.98 E F2(dir)2.85 E F0
(to the directory stack at the top, making it the ne)3.23 E 2.5(wc)-.25
-G(urrent w)-2.5 E(orking directory)-.1 E(.)-.65 E .488(If the)144 244.8
+G(urrent w)-2.5 E(orking directory)-.1 E(.)-.65 E .488(If the)144 453.6
R F1(pushd)2.988 E F0 .488(command is successful, a)2.988 F F1(dirs)
2.988 E F0 .488(is performed as well.)2.988 F .489
(If the \214rst form is used,)5.488 F F1(pushd)2.989 E F0 1.04
-(returns 0 unless the cd to)144 256.8 R F2(dir)3.89 E F0 -.1(fa)4.27 G
+(returns 0 unless the cd to)144 465.6 R F2(dir)3.89 E F0 -.1(fa)4.27 G
3.539(ils. W).1 F 1.039(ith the second form,)-.4 F F1(pushd)3.539 E F0
1.039(returns 0 unless the directory)3.539 F .846(stack is empty)144
-268.8 R 3.346(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-3.346 E .847(xistent directory stack ele\
+477.6 R 3.346(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-3.346 E .847(xistent directory stack ele\
ment is speci\214ed, or the directory change to the)-.15 F
-(speci\214ed ne)144 280.8 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(urrent directory f)-2.5 E
-(ails.)-.1 E F1(pwd)108 297.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255LP)A F0(])A .845
-(Print the absolute pathname of the current w)144 309.6 R .845
+(speci\214ed ne)144 489.6 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(urrent directory f)-2.5 E
+(ails.)-.1 E F1(pwd)108 506.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255LP)A F0(])A .845
+(Print the absolute pathname of the current w)144 518.4 R .845
(orking directory)-.1 F 5.844(.T)-.65 G .844
(he pathname printed contains no)-5.844 F .181(symbolic links if the)144
-
321.6 R F1<ad50>2.681 E F0 .181(option is supplied or the)2.681 F F1
+
530.4 R F1<ad50>2.681 E F0 .181(option is supplied or the)2.681 F F1
.181(\255o ph)2.681 F(ysical)-.15 E F0 .181(option to the)2.681 F F1
(set)2.681 E F0 -.2(bu)2.681 G .182(iltin command is).2 F 3.264
-(enabled. If)144
333.6 R(the)3.264 E F1<ad4c>3.264 E F0 .763
+(enabled. If)144
542.4 R(the)3.264 E F1<ad4c>3.264 E F0 .763
(option is used, the pathname printed may contain symbolic links.)3.264
F .763(The return)5.763 F 1.36(status is 0 unless an error occurs while\
- reading the name of the current directory or an in)144 345.6 R -.25(va)
--.4 G(lid).25 E(option is supplied.)144 357.6 Q F1 -.18(re)108 374.4 S
+ reading the name of the current directory or an in)144 554.4 R -.25(va)
+-.4 G(lid).25 E(option is supplied.)144 566.4 Q F1 -.18(re)108 583.2 S
(ad).18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255ers)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad61>-2.5 E F2(aname)
-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad64>-2.5 E F2(delim)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6e>-2.5
-E F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E F2(pr)2.5 E
-(ompt)-.45 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad74>-2.5 E F2(timeout)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1
-<ad75>-2.5 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .516(\
-One line is read from the standard input, or from the \214le descriptor)
-144 386.4 R F2(fd)3.016 E F0 .516(supplied as an ar)3.016 F .516
-(gument to)-.18 F(the)144 398.4 Q F1<ad75>2.538 E F0 .038
-(option, and the \214rst w)2.538 F .038(ord is assigned to the \214rst)
--.1 F F2(name)2.539 E F0 2.539(,t).18 G .039(he second w)-2.539 F .039
-(ord to the second)-.1 F F2(name)2.539 E F0(,).18 E .42
-(and so on, with lefto)144 410.4 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.92(rw).15 G .42
-(ords and their interv)-3.02 F .42
+2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad64>-2.5 E F2(delim)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F2
+(te)2.5 E(xt)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6e>-2.5 E F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)
+-.1 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E F2(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 2.5(][)C F1
+<ad74>-2.5 E F2(timeout)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad75>-2.5 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0
+2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .516(One line is read from the st\
+andard input, or from the \214le descriptor)144 595.2 R F2(fd)3.016 E F0
+.516(supplied as an ar)3.016 F .516(gument to)-.18 F(the)144 607.2 Q F1
+<ad75>2.538 E F0 .038(option, and the \214rst w)2.538 F .038
+(ord is assigned to the \214rst)-.1 F F2(name)2.539 E F0 2.539(,t).18 G
+.039(he second w)-2.539 F .039(ord to the second)-.1 F F2(name)2.539 E
+F0(,).18 E .42(and so on, with lefto)144 619.2 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.92(rw)
+.15 G .42(ords and their interv)-3.02 F .42
(ening separators assigned to the last)-.15 F F2(name)2.92 E F0 5.42(.I)
-.18 G 2.92(ft)-5.42 G(here)-2.92 E .54(are fe)144 422.4 R .54(wer w)-.25
+.18 G 2.92(ft)-5.42 G(here)-2.92 E .54(are fe)144 631.2 R .54(wer w)-.25
F .541(ords read from the input stream than names, the remaining names \
-are assigned empty)-.1 F -.25(va)144 434.4 S 2.511(lues. The).25 F .011
+are assigned empty)-.1 F -.25(va)144 643.2 S 2.511(lues. The).25 F .011
(characters in)2.511 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)2.511 E F0 .011
(are used to split the line into w)2.261 F 2.511(ords. The)-.1 F .011
(backslash character \()2.511 F F1(\\)A F0 2.51(\)m)C(ay)-2.51 E 1.89
-(be used to remo)144 446.4 R 2.19 -.15(ve a)-.15 H 2.19 -.15(ny s).15 H
+(be used to remo)144 655.2 R 2.19 -.15(ve a)-.15 H 2.19 -.15(ny s).15 H
1.891(pecial meaning for the ne).15 F 1.891
(xt character read and for line continuation.)-.15 F
-(Options, if supplied, ha)144 458.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E
-(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 470.4 Q F2(aname)2.5 E F0 1.05(The w)
-180 482.4 R 1.049
+(Options, if supplied, ha)144 667.2 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E
+(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 679.2 Q F2(aname)2.5 E F0 1.05(The w)
+180 691.2 R 1.049
(ords are assigned to sequential indices of the array v)-.1 F(ariable)
-.25 E F2(aname)3.549 E F0 3.549(,s).18 G 1.049(tarting at 0.)-3.549 F
-F2(aname)180.33 494.4 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68 E 2.5(yn)-.15 G .5
+F2(aname)180.33 703.2 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68 E 2.5(yn)-.15 G .5
-.25(ew va)-2.5 H(lues are assigned.).25 E(Other)5 E F2(name)2.5 E F0
-(ar)2.5 E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F1<ad64>144 506.4 Q F2(delim)2.5 E
-F0(The \214rst character of)180 518.4 Q F2(delim)2.5 E F0
+(ar)2.5 E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q
+(2008 April 5)148.455 E(55)198.445 E 0 Cg EP
+%%Page: 56 56
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+/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
+-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad64>144 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
+(delim)2.5 E F0(The \214rst character of)180 96 Q F2(delim)2.5 E F0
(is used to terminate the input line, rather than ne)2.5 E(wline.)-.25 E
-F1<ad65>144 530.4 Q F0 .372
+F1<ad65>144 108 Q F0 .372
(If the standard input is coming from a terminal,)25.86 F F1 -.18(re)
-2.873 G(adline).18 E F0(\(see)2.873 E F3(READLINE)2.873 E F0(abo)2.623 E
--.15(ve)-.15 G 2.873(\)i).15 G 2.873(su)-2.873 G(sed)-2.873 E
-(to obtain the line.)180 542.4 Q F1<ad6e>144 554.4 Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har)
--.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 566.4 S(ad).18 E F0 1.395
-(returns after reading)3.895 F F2(nc)3.895 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.395
-(characters rather than w)3.895 F 1.394(aiting for a complete line of)
--.1 F(input.)180 578.4 Q F1<ad70>144 590.4 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 E F0
-(Display)180 602.4 Q F2(pr)3.66 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161
-(on standard error)3.66 F 3.661(,w)-.4 G 1.161(ithout a trailing ne)
--3.661 F 1.161(wline, before attempting to read)-.25 F(an)180 614.4 Q
-2.5(yi)-.15 G 2.5(nput. The)-2.5 F
+2.873 G(adline).18 E F0(\(see)2.873 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(READLINE)
+2.873 E F0(abo)2.623 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.873(\)i).15 G 2.873(su)-2.873 G
+(sed)-2.873 E(to obtain the line.)180 120 Q F1<ad69>144 132 Q F2(te)2.5
+E(xt)-.2 E F0(If)10.78 E F1 -.18(re)2.716 G(adline).18 E F0 .216
+(is being used to read the line,)2.716 F F2(te)2.716 E(xt)-.2 E F0 .216
+(is placed into the editing b)2.716 F(uf)-.2 E .215(fer before edit-)
+-.25 F(ing be)180 144 Q(gins.)-.15 E F1<ad6e>144 156 Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har)
+-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 168 S(ad).18 E F0 1.394
+(returns after reading)3.894 F F2(nc)3.894 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.395
+(characters rather than w)3.894 F 1.395(aiting for a complete line of)
+-.1 F(input.)180 180 Q F1<ad70>144 192 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 E F0
+(Display)180 204 Q F2(pr)3.661 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161(on standard error)
+3.661 F 3.661(,w)-.4 G 1.161(ithout a trailing ne)-3.661 F 1.161
+(wline, before attempting to read)-.25 F(an)180 216 Q 2.5(yi)-.15 G 2.5
+(nput. The)-2.5 F
(prompt is displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.)2.5 E F1
-<ad72>144 626.4 Q F0 .544(Backslash does not act as an escape character)
-25.86 F 5.543(.T)-.55 G .543(he backslash is considered to be part of)
--5.543 F(the line.)180 638.4 Q(In particular)5 E 2.5(,ab)-.4 G
+<ad72>144 228 Q F0 .543(Backslash does not act as an escape character)
+25.86 F 5.543(.T)-.55 G .544(he backslash is considered to be part of)
+-5.543 F(the line.)180 240 Q(In particular)5 E 2.5(,ab)-.4 G
(ackslash-ne)-2.5 E(wline pair may not be used as a line continuation.)
--.25 E F1<ad73>144 650.4 Q F0(Silent mode.)26.41 E
+-.25 E F1<ad73>144 252 Q F0(Silent mode.)26.41 E
(If input is coming from a terminal, characters are not echoed.)5 E F1
-<ad74>144 662.4 Q F2(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 674.4 Q F1 -.18(re)3.548
-G(ad).18 E F0 1.048(to time out and return f)3.548 F 1.048
+<ad74>144 264 Q F2(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 276 Q F1 -.18(re)3.549 G
+(ad).18 E F0 1.048(to time out and return f)3.549 F 1.048
(ailure if a complete line of input is not read within)-.1 F F2(timeout)
-180 686.4 Q F0 2.92(seconds. This)2.92 F .42(option has no ef)2.92 F .42
+180 288 Q F0 2.92(seconds. This)2.92 F .42(option has no ef)2.92 F .42
(fect if)-.25 F F1 -.18(re)2.92 G(ad).18 E F0 .42
-(is not reading input from the terminal)2.92 F(or a pipe.)180 698.4 Q F1
-<ad75>144 710.4 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(Read input from \214le descriptor)14.46
-E F2(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .191(If no)144 727.2 R F2(names)3.051 E F0 .191
-(are supplied, the line read is assigned to the v)2.961 F(ariable)-.25 E
-F3(REPL)2.692 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .192
-(The return code is zero,)4.692 F(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q
-(2008 February 22)138.46 E(55)188.45 E 0 Cg EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E 1.218(unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)144 84 R/F1 10
-/Times-Bold@0 SF -.18(re)3.718 G(ad).18 E F0 1.217(times out, or an in)
-3.718 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.217(lid \214le descriptor is supplied as the).25
-F(ar)144 96 Q(gument to)-.18 E F1<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.18(re)108 112.8
-S(adonly).18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255apf)A F0 2.5(][)C/F2 10/Times-Italic@0
-SF(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E .77
-(The gi)144 124.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E F2(names)3.27 E F0 .77
-(are mark)3.27 F .77(ed readonly; the v)-.1 F .77(alues of these)-.25 F
-F2(names)3.63 E F0 .77(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.097
-(quent assignment.)144 136.8 R 1.097(If the)6.097 F F1<ad66>3.597 E F0
-1.097(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.597 F F2
-(names)3.596 E F0 1.096(are so)3.596 F(mark)144 148.8 Q 2.872(ed. The)
--.1 F F1<ad61>2.872 E F0 .372(option restricts the v)2.872 F .372
+(is not reading input from the terminal)2.92 F(or a pipe.)180 300 Q F1
+<ad75>144 312 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(Read input from \214le descriptor)14.46 E
+F2(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .192(If no)144 328.8 R F2(names)3.052 E F0 .192
+(are supplied, the line read is assigned to the v)2.962 F(ariable)-.25 E
+F3(REPL)2.691 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .191
+(The return code is zero,)4.691 F 1.217
+(unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)144 340.8 R F1 -.18(re)3.717 G(ad)
+.18 E F0 1.217(times out, or an in)3.717 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.218
+(lid \214le descriptor is supplied as the).25 F(ar)144 352.8 Q
+(gument to)-.18 E F1<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.18(re)108 369.6 S(adonly).18
+E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255apf)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)
+-.37 E F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E .77(The gi)144 381.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(n)
+.15 E F2(names)3.27 E F0 .77(are mark)3.27 F .77(ed readonly; the v)-.1
+F .77(alues of these)-.25 F F2(names)3.63 E F0 .77
+(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.096(quent assignment.)144 393.6 R
+1.096(If the)6.096 F F1<ad66>3.596 E F0 1.097
+(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.596 F F2
+(names)3.597 E F0 1.097(are so)3.597 F(mark)144 405.6 Q 2.873(ed. The)
+-.1 F F1<ad61>2.873 E F0 .373(option restricts the v)2.873 F .372
(ariables to arrays.)-.25 F .372(If no)5.372 F F2(name)3.232 E F0(ar)
-3.053 E .373(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .373(n, or if the).15
-F F1<ad70>144 160.8 Q F0 .796
-(option is supplied, a list of all readonly names is printed.)3.297 F
+3.052 E .372(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .372(n, or if the).15
+F F1<ad70>144 417.6 Q F0 .796
+(option is supplied, a list of all readonly names is printed.)3.296 F
(The)5.796 E F1<ad70>3.296 E F0 .796(option causes output to be)3.296 F
-.828(displayed in a format that may be reused as input.)144 172.8 R .828
-(If a v)5.828 F .828(ariable name is follo)-.25 F .828(wed by =)-.25 F
-F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 3.328(,t)C(he)-3.328 E -.25(va)144 184.8 S .405
-(lue of the v).25 F .405(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)2.905 E(d)-.37
-E F0 5.405(.T)C .404(he return status is 0 unless an in)-5.405 F -.25
-(va)-.4 G .404(lid option is encountered,).25 F 1.069(one of the)144
-196.8 R F2(names)3.929 E F0 1.069(is not a v)3.839 F 1.069(alid shell v)
+.828(displayed in a format that may be reused as input.)144 429.6 R .828
+(If a v)5.828 F .828(ariable name is follo)-.25 F .827(wed by =)-.25 F
+F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 3.327(,t)C(he)-3.327 E -.25(va)144 441.6 S .404
+(lue of the v).25 F .404(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)2.904 E(d)-.37
+E F0 5.404(.T)C .405(he return status is 0 unless an in)-5.404 F -.25
+(va)-.4 G .405(lid option is encountered,).25 F 1.07(one of the)144
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(Use a vi-style command line editing interf)32.22 E(ace.)-.1 E F1
-(xtrace)184 552 Q F0(Same as)13.35 E F1<ad78>2.5 E F0(.)A(If)184 570 Q
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-(alues of the current options are printed.)-.25 F(If)5.553 E F1(+o)184
-582 Q F0 1.072(is supplied with no)3.572 F F5(option\255name)3.572 E F0
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-(commands to recreate the current)3.571 F
-(option settings is displayed on the standard output.)184
594 Q F1<ad70>
-144 606 Q F0 -.45(Tu)28.74 G 1.071(rn on).45 F F5(privile)4.821 E -.1
-(ge)-.4 G(d).1 E F0 3.572(mode. In)4.341 F 1.072(this mode, the)3.572 F
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-(cessed, shell functions are not inherited from the en)184 618 R 1.705
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198 Q F1<ad70>
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-Q 1.159 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .859
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-F .294(If the)5.294 F F1<ad70>2.794 E F0 1.196
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-(ve u)-.25 H 1.195(ser id is not reset.).15 F -.45(Tu)6.195 G 1.195
-(rning this option of).45 F(f)-.25 E(causes the ef)184 678 Q(fecti)-.25
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(eat unset v).35 F .444
(ariables as an error when performing parameter e)-.25 F 2.944
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(rridden when creating output \214les by using the redirection opera-)
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--2.604 F F1(ERR)2.604 E F0 .103
-(is inherited by shell functions, command substitutions, and com-)2.604
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-(trap is normally not inherited in)3.339 F(such cases.)184 216 Q F1
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-F .531(ault when the shell is inter)-.1 F(-)-.2 E(acti)184 240 Q -.15
-(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1<ad50>144 252 Q F0 1.164
+.15 F(tor)184 438 Q F1(>|)2.5 E F0(instead of)2.5 E F1(>)2.5 E F0(.)A F1
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(If set, the shell does not follo)28.19 F 3.664(ws)-.25 G 1.164
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(ws the logical chain of directories when performing com-)-.25 F
-(mands which change the current directory)184
288 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad54>144
-300 Q F0 .89(If set, an)27.63 F 3.39(yt)-.15 G .89(raps on)-3.39 F F1
+(mands which change the current directory)184
546 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad54>144
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(DEB)3.39 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)3.39 E F1(RETURN)3.39 E F0 .89
(are inherited by shell functions, command)3.39 F 1.932
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(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 4.432(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(DEB)4.432 E
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-(traps are normally not inherited in such cases.)2.5 E F1<adad>144 336 Q
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(his option, then the positional parameters are unset.)-2.901 F
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(ome of them be)-2.5 E(gin with a)-.15 E F1<ad>2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad>144
-360 Q F0 1.944(Signal the end of options, cause all remaining)34.3 F F2
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-(options are turned of)3.446 F 3.445(f. If)-.25 F .945(there are no)
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-(parameters remain unchanged.)184 384 Q .425(The options are of)144
-400.8 R 2.925(fb)-.25 G 2.925(yd)-2.925 G(ef)-2.925 E .425
+618 Q F0 1.945(Signal the end of options, cause all remaining)34.3 F F2
+(ar)4.444 E(g)-.37 E F0 4.444(st)C 4.444(ob)-4.444 G 4.444(ea)-4.444 G
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(ault unless otherwise noted.)-.1 F .425
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--.18 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .177(cation of the shell.).2 F(The)5.177 E .066
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-E F0(do)2.582 E .082(wn to)-.25 F F1($#)2.582 E F0<ad>A F2(n)A F0 .082
-(+1 are unset.)B F2(n)5.442 E F0 .082(must be a non-ne)2.822 F -.05(ga)
--.15 G(ti).05 E .383 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .083(umber less than or equal to)
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-(is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 489.6 R(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0
-.06(is not gi)2.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .06(n, it is assumed to be 1.).15 F
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-(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .143(positional parameters are not changed.)144 501.6 R
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--.1 E 1.544(The return status when listing options is zero if all)144
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--.25 F(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2008 February 22)138.46 E(58)188.45 E 0 Cg
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+(umber less than or equal to).15 F F1($#)2.582 E F0 5.082(.I)C(f)-5.082
+E F2(n)2.942 E F0 .06(is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 120 R(If)5.06
+E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06(is not gi)2.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .06
+(n, it is assumed to be 1.).15 F(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06
+(is greater than)2.8 F F1($#)2.56 E F0 2.56(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .144
+(positional parameters are not changed.)144 132 R .144
+(The return status is greater than zero if)5.144 F F2(n)3.003 E F0 .143
+(is greater than)2.883 F F1($#)2.643 E F0
+(or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 144 Q F1(shopt)108 160.8 Q F0([)2.5
+E F1(\255pqsu)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6f>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(optname)-2.5 E
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+-.25 F .222(ariables controlling optional shell beha)-.25 F(vior)-.2 E
+5.222(.W)-.55 G .222(ith no options, or with the)-5.622 F F1<ad70>2.722
+E F0 .721(option, a list of all settable options is displayed, with an \
+indication of whether or not each is set.)144 184.8 R(The)144 196.8 Q F1
+<ad70>2.827 E F0 .327(option causes output to be displayed in a form th\
+at may be reused as input.)2.827 F .328(Other options)5.328 F(ha)144
+208.8 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad73>
+144 220.8 Q F0(Enable \(set\) each)26.41 E F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1
+<ad75>144 232.8 Q F0(Disable \(unset\) each)24.74 E F2(optname)2.5 E F0
+(.)A F1<ad71>144 244.8 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal output \(quiet mode\
+\); the return status indicates whether the)24.74 F F2(optname)2.503 E
+F0(is)2.503 E .255(set or unset.)180 256.8 R .255(If multiple)5.255 F F2
+(optname)2.755 E F0(ar)2.755 E .256(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
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+(he return status is zero if)-2.756 F(all)180 268.8 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E
+F0(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.)2.5 E F1<ad6f>144 280.8 Q F0
+(Restricts the v)25.3 E(alues of)-.25 E F2(optname)2.5 E F0
+(to be those de\214ned for the)2.5 E F1<ad6f>2.5 E F0(option to the)2.5
+E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .128(If either)144 297.6 R F1
+<ad73>2.628 E F0(or)2.628 E F1<ad75>2.628 E F0 .127(is used with no)
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+(guments, the display is limited to those options which)-.18 F 1.023
+(are set or unset, respecti)144 309.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 6.023
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+1.024(options are disabled \(unset\) by)3.524 F(def)144 321.6 Q(ault.)
+-.1 E 1.544(The return status when listing options is zero if all)144
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+(When setting or unsetting options, the return status is zero unless an)
+144 350.4 R F2(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .696
+(alid shell)-.25 F(option.)144 362.4 Q(The list of)144 379.2 Q F1(shopt)
+2.5 E F0(options is:)2.5 E F1(autocd)144 397.2 Q F0 .2
(If set, a command name that is the name of a directory is e)11.11 F
--.15(xe)-.15 G .2(cuted as if it were the ar).15 F(gu-)-.18 E
-(ment to the)184 130.8 Q F1(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F
+-.15(xe)-.15 G .199(cuted as if it were the ar).15 F(gu-)-.18 E
+(ment to the)184 409.2 Q F1(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F
(option is only used by interacti)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E
-F1(cdable_v)144 142.8 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .156(If set, an ar)184 154.8 R .156
-(gument to the)-.18 F F1(cd)2.656 E F0 -.2(bu)2.656 G .155
+F1(cdable_v)144 421.2 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .155(If set, an ar)184 433.2 R .155
+(gument to the)-.18 F F1(cd)2.655 E F0 -.2(bu)2.655 G .156
(iltin command that is not a directory is assumed to be the).2 F
-(name of a v)184 166.8 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E
-(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E F1(cdspell)144 178.8 Q F0
+(name of a v)184 445.2 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E
+(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E F1(cdspell)144 457.2 Q F0
1.055
(If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory component in a)
-10.55 F F1(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.988
-(corrected. The)184 190.8 R 1.488(errors check)3.988 F 1.487
-(ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.987(,a)
--.4 G(nd)-3.987 E .552(one character too man)184 202.8 R 4.352 -.65
+10.55 F F1(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.987
+(corrected. The)184 469.2 R 1.487(errors check)3.987 F 1.487
+(ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.988(,a)
+-.4 G(nd)-3.988 E .552(one character too man)184 481.2 R 4.352 -.65
(y. I)-.15 H 3.052(fac).65 G .552
(orrection is found, the corrected \214le name is printed, and)-3.052 F
-(the command proceeds.)184 214.8 Q
+(the command proceeds.)184 493.2 Q
(This option is only used by interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.)
-.15 E F1(checkhash)144 226.8 Q F0 2.08(If set,)184 238.8 R F1(bash)4.58
-E F0 2.079(checks that a command found in the hash table e)4.58 F 2.079
-(xists before trying to)-.15 F -.15(exe)184 250.8 S(cute it.).15 E
+.15 E F1(checkhash)144 505.2 Q F0 2.079(If set,)184 517.2 R F1(bash)
+4.579 E F0 2.079(checks that a command found in the hash table e)4.579 F
+2.08(xists before trying to)-.15 F -.15(exe)184 529.2 S(cute it.).15 E
(If a hashed command no longer e)5 E
-(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F1(checkjobs)144 262.8
-Q F0 .56(If set, bash lists the status of an)184 274.8 R 3.061(ys)-.15 G
-.561(topped and running jobs before e)-3.061 F .561(xiting an interacti)
--.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.439(shell. If)184 286.8 R(an)3.439 E 3.439(yj)
--.15 G .938(obs are running, this causes the e)-3.439 F .938
-(xit to be deferred until a second e)-.15 F .938(xit is)-.15 F 1.456
-(attempted without an interv)184 298.8 R 1.456(ening command \(see)-.15
+(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F1(checkjobs)144 541.2
+Q F0 .449(If set,)184 553.2 R F1(bash)2.949 E F0 .449
+(lists the status of an)2.949 F 2.949(ys)-.15 G .448
+(topped and running jobs before e)-2.949 F .448(xiting an interacti)-.15
+F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.438(shell. If)184 565.2 R(an)3.438 E 3.438(yj)-.15 G
+.938(obs are running, this causes the e)-3.438 F .938
+(xit to be deferred until a second e)-.15 F .939(xit is)-.15 F 1.456
+(attempted without an interv)184 577.2 R 1.456(ening command \(see)-.15
F F1 1.456(JOB CONTR)3.956 F(OL)-.3 E F0(abo)3.956 E -.15(ve)-.15 G
-3.956(\). The).15 F(shell)3.956 E(al)184 310.8 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G
+3.956(\). The).15 F(shell)3.956 E(al)184 589.2 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G
(ys postpones e).1 E(xiting if an)-.15 E 2.5(yj)-.15 G(obs are stopped.)
--2.5 E F1(checkwinsize)144 322.8 Q F0 .797(If set,)184 334.8 R F1(bash)
-3.297 E F0 .797(checks the windo)3.297 F 3.297(ws)-.25 G .796
-(ize after each command and, if necessary)-3.297 F 3.296(,u)-.65 G .796
-(pdates the)-3.296 F -.25(va)184 346.8 S(lues of).25 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0
-SF(LINES)2.5 E F0(and)2.25 E F2(COLUMNS)2.5 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A
-F1(cmdhist)144 358.8 Q F0 1.202(If set,)6.11 F F1(bash)3.702 E F0 1.202
+-2.5 E F1(checkwinsize)144 601.2 Q F0 .796(If set,)184 613.2 R F1(bash)
+3.296 E F0 .796(checks the windo)3.296 F 3.296(ws)-.25 G .797
+(ize after each command and, if necessary)-3.296 F 3.297(,u)-.65 G .797
+(pdates the)-3.297 F -.25(va)184 625.2 S(lues of).25 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0
+SF(LINES)2.5 E F0(and)2.25 E F3(COLUMNS)2.5 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A
+F1(cmdhist)144 637.2 Q F0 1.202(If set,)6.11 F F1(bash)3.702 E F0 1.202
(attempts to sa)3.702 F 1.502 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 1.202
(ll lines of a multiple-line command in the same history).15 F(entry)184
-370.8 Q 5(.T)-.65 G(his allo)-5 E
-(ws easy re-editing of multi-line commands.)-.25 E F1(compat31)144 382.8
-Q F0 .42(If set,)184 394.8 R F1(bash)2.92 E F0 .42(changes its beha)2.92
-F .419(vior to that of v)-.2 F .419
+649.2 Q 5(.T)-.65 G(his allo)-5 E
+(ws easy re-editing of multi-line commands.)-.25 E F1(compat31)144 661.2
+Q F0 .419(If set,)184 673.2 R F1(bash)2.919 E F0 .419(changes its beha)
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(ersion 3.1 with respect to quoted ar)-.15 F(guments)-.18 E
-(to the conditional command')184 406.8 Q 2.5(s=)-.55 G 2.5(~o)-2.5 G
-(perator)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1(dotglob)144 418.8 Q F0 .165(If set,)7.77 F
+(to the conditional command')184 685.2 Q 2.5(s=)-.55 G 2.5(~o)-2.5 G
+(perator)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1(dotglob)144 697.2 Q F0 .165(If set,)7.77 F
F1(bash)2.665 E F0 .165(includes \214lenames be)2.665 F .165
(ginning with a `.)-.15 F 2.665('i)-.7 G 2.665(nt)-2.665 G .165
(he results of pathname e)-2.665 F(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(execfail)144
-430.8 Q F0 1.387(If set, a non-interacti)7.79 F 1.687 -.15(ve s)-.25 H
+709.2 Q F0 1.386(If set, a non-interacti)7.79 F 1.686 -.15(ve s)-.25 H
1.386(hell will not e).15 F 1.386(xit if it cannot e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15
-G 1.386(cute the \214le speci\214ed as an).15 F(ar)184 442.8 Q
+G 1.387(cute the \214le speci\214ed as an).15 F(ar)184 721.2 Q
(gument to the)-.18 E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command.).2 E
(An interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hell does not e).15 E(xit if)-.15
-E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(expand_aliases)144 454.8 Q
-F0 .716(If set, aliases are e)184 466.8 R .717(xpanded as described abo)
--.15 F 1.017 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(ALIASES)3.217 E F3(.)A F0
-.717(This option is enabled)5.217 F(by def)184 478.8 Q
-(ault for interacti)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1(extdeb)144
-490.8 Q(ug)-.2 E F0(If set, beha)184 502.8 Q
+E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q
+(2008 April 5)148.455 E(59)198.445 E 0 Cg EP
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+/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
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+(If set, aliases are e)184 96 R .717(xpanded as described abo)-.15 F
+1.017 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)3.217 E
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+.15 E F1(extdeb)144 120 Q(ug)-.2 E F0(If set, beha)184 132 Q
(vior intended for use by deb)-.2 E(uggers is enabled:)-.2 E F1(1.)184
-514.8 Q F0(The)28.5 E F1<ad46>4.251 E F0 1.751(option to the)4.251 F F1
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(declar)4.251 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)4.251 G 1.751
(iltin displays the source \214le name and line).2 F
-(number corresponding to each function name supplied as an ar)220 526.8
-Q(gument.)-.18 E F1(2.)184 538.8 Q F0 1.667(If the command run by the)
-28.5 F F1(DEB)4.167 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.667(trap returns a non-zero v)4.167
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-550.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1(3.)184 562.8 Q F0 .841
-(If the command run by the)28.5 F F1(DEB)3.341 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .841
-(trap returns a v)3.341 F .84(alue of 2, and the shell is)-.25 F -.15
-(exe)220 574.8 S .488
+(number corresponding to each function name supplied as an ar)220 156 Q
+(gument.)-.18 E F1(2.)184 168 Q F0 1.667(If the command run by the)28.5
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+Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1(3.)184 192 Q F0 .84
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(cuting in a subroutine \(a shell function or a shell script e).15 F
-.15(xe)-.15 G .488(cuted by the).15 F F1(.)2.988 E F0(or)2.988 E F1
-(sour)220 586.8 Q(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltins\), a call to).2 E F1
+(sour)220 216 Q(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltins\), a call to).2 E F1
-.18(re)2.5 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0(is simulated.)2.5 E F1 26(4. B)184
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(Function tracing is enabled:)28.5 F 1.359
(command substitution, shell functions, and sub-)6.359 F(shells in)220
-634.8 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E/F4
-10/Times-Italic@0 SF(command)2.5 E F1(\))2.5 E F0(inherit the)2.5 E F1
+264 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E/F4 10
+/Times-Italic@0 SF(command)2.5 E F1(\))2.5 E F0(inherit the)2.5 E F1
(DEB)2.5 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.5 E F1(RETURN)2.5 E F0(traps.)2.5 E F1(6.)
-184 646.8 Q F0 .805(Error tracing is enabled:)28.5 F .804
-(command substitution, shell functions, and subshells)5.805 F(in)220
-658.8 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E F4
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+(command substitution, shell functions, and subshells)5.804 F(in)220 288
+Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E F4
(command)2.5 E F1(\))2.5 E F0(inherit the)2.5 E F1(ERR)2.5 E(OR)-.3 E F0
-(trap.)2.5 E F1(extglob)144 670.8 Q F0 .4(If set, the e)8.89 F .4
+(trap.)2.5 E F1(extglob)144 300 Q F0 .4(If set, the e)8.89 F .4
(xtended pattern matching features described abo)-.15 F .7 -.15(ve u)
--.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.9 G .4(thname Expan-).1 F(sion)184 682.8 Q
-F0(are enabled.)2.5 E F1(extquote)144 694.8 Q F0 2.473(If set,)184 706.8
-R F1($)4.973 E F0<08>A F4(string)A F0 4.973<0861>C(nd)-4.973 E F1($)
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-(uoting is performed within)-4.973 F F1(${)4.973 E F4(par)A(ameter)-.15
-E F1(})A F0 -.15(ex)4.973 G(pansions).15 E(enclosed in double quotes.)
-184 718.8 Q(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E(GNU Bash-3.2)
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-/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(failglob)144 84 Q F0 1.424
-(If set, patterns which f)7.77 F 1.425
-(ail to match \214lenames during pathname e)-.1 F 1.425
-(xpansion result in an)-.15 F -.15(ex)184 96 S(pansion error).15 E(.)
--.55 E F1 -.25(fo)144 108 S -.18(rc).25 G(e_\214gnor).18 E(e)-.18 E F0
-.585(If set, the suf)184 120 R<8c78>-.25 E .585(es speci\214ed by the)
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+F0(are enabled.)2.5 E F1(extquote)144 324 Q F0 2.473(If set,)184 336 R
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+E F0(")A F4(string)A F0 4.973("q)C 2.473(uoting is performed within)
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+(pansions).15 E(enclosed in double quotes.)184 348 Q
+(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(failglob)144 360 Q F0
+1.425(If set, patterns which f)7.77 F 1.425
+(ail to match \214lenames during pathname e)-.1 F 1.424
+(xpansion result in an)-.15 F -.15(ex)184 372 S(pansion error).15 E(.)
+-.55 E F1 -.25(fo)144 384 S -.18(rc).25 G(e_\214gnor).18 E(e)-.18 E F0
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-.15 F F1(FIGNORE)3.085 E F0 .585(shell v)3.085 F .585(ariable cause w)
--.25 F .585(ords to be ignored)-.1 F .32(when performing w)184 132 R .32
+-.25 F .585(ords to be ignored)-.1 F .32(when performing w)184 408 R .32
(ord completion e)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.82(ni).15 G 2.82(ft)-2.82 G .32
-(he ignored w)-2.82 F .32(ords are the only possible com-)-.1 F 3.33
-(pletions. See)184 144 R/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .83(SHELL V)3.33 F
-(ARIABLES)-1.215 E F0(abo)3.08 E 1.13 -.15(ve f)-.15 H .829
-(or a description of).15 F F1(FIGNORE)3.329 E F0 5.829(.T)C .829
-(his option)-5.829 F(is enabled by def)184 156 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1
-(gnu_errfmt)144 168 Q F0(If set, shell error messages are written in th\
-e standard GNU error message format.)184 180 Q F1(histappend)144 192 Q
-F0 .383
+(he ignored w)-2.82 F .32(ords are the only possible com-)-.1 F 3.329
+(pletions. See)184 420 R F2 .829(SHELL V)3.329 F(ARIABLES)-1.215 E F0
+(abo)3.079 E 1.129 -.15(ve f)-.15 H .83(or a description of).15 F F1
+(FIGNORE)3.33 E F0 5.83(.T)C .83(his option)-5.83 F(is enabled by def)
+184 432 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(gnu_errfmt)144 444 Q F0(If set, shell error me\
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+F1(histappend)144 468 Q F0 .384
(If set, the history list is appended to the \214le named by the v)184
-204 R .384(alue of the)-.25 F F1(HISTFILE)2.884 E F0 -.25(va)2.884 G
-(ri-).25 E(able when the shell e)184 216 Q(xits, rather than o)-.15 E
--.15(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the \214le.).15 E F1(histr)144 228 Q(eedit)-.18
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-(gument is one of the unary conditional operators listed abo)-.18 F .68
--.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(CONDI-)2.88 E(TION)180 604.8 Q .553
-(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F F4(,)A F0 .552(the e)2.802 F .552
-(xpression is true if the unary test is true.)-.15 F .552
-(If the \214rst ar)5.552 F(gu-)-.18 E(ment is not a v)180 616.8 Q
+(gument is null.)-.18 F .38(If the \214rst ar)180 202.8 R .38
+(gument is one of the unary conditional operators listed abo)-.18 F .679
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+(the e)2.802 F .552(xpression is true if the unary test is true.)-.15 F
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(alid unary conditional operator)-.25 E 2.5(,t)-.4 G(he e)-2.5 E
-(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(3a)144 628.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G
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(gument is one of the binary conditional operators listed abo)-.18 F
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-1.478(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F F4(,)A F0 1.477(the result of the e)3.727 F
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1.477(xpression is the result of the binary test)-.15 F .513
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--.18 F(The)5.513 E F1<ad61>3.013 E F0(and)3.013 E F1<ad6f>3.013 E F0
-.513(operators are considered)3.013 F .972
-(binary operators when there are three ar)180 676.8 R 3.472(guments. If)
--.18 F .972(the \214rst ar)3.472 F .972(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)3.472 E F0
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-R -.05(ga)-.15 G .883(tion of the tw).05 F(o-ar)-.1 E .884
-(gument test using the second and third ar)-.18 F 3.384(guments. If)-.18
-F .884(the \214rst)3.384 F(ar)180 700.8 Q .875(gument is e)-.18 F
-(xactly)-.15 E F1(\()3.375 E F0 .875(and the third ar)3.375 F .875
-(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(\))3.375 E F0 3.374(,t)C .874
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-180 712.8 Q 2.5(gument. Otherwise,)-.18 F(the e)2.5 E(xpression is f)
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-(xpression com-)-.15 F 1.648(posed of the remaining ar)180 108 R 4.147
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--.15 G(.).15 E 2.5(5o)144 132 S 2.5(rm)-2.5 G(ore ar)-2.5 E(guments)-.18
-E 1.635(The e)180 144 R 1.635(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va)
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-(trap)108 201.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lp)A F0 2.5(][)C([)-2.5 E/F2 10
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-(ignal\(s\))-3.203 E F2(sigspec)3.203 E F0 5.703(.I).31 G(f)-5.703 E F2
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225.6 R F2(sigspec)3.108 E F0 3.108(\)o)C(r)-3.108 E F1<ad>3.108 E
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476.4 R F1(sigspec)3.108 E F0 3.108(\)o)C(r)-3.108 E F2<ad>3.108 E
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(ach speci\214ed signal is reset to its original disposition)-3.108 F
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--.25 F(If)5.658 E F2(ar)3.488 E(g)-.37 E F0 .659
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-144.34 249.6 Q F0 .581
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-(before e)144 333.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E F2 1.206(simple command)
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--.25 G 1.207(ry arithmetic).15 F F2(for)144 345.6 Q F0 .412
-(command, and before the \214rst command e)2.913 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .412
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+(imple com-)-3.009 F 2.506(mand has a non\255zero e)144 632.4 R 2.506
(xit status, subject to the follo)-.15 F 2.506(wing conditions.)-.25 F
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(ailed command is part of the command list immediately follo)-.1 F .105
-(wing a)-.25 F F1(while)2.605 E F0(or)2.605 E F1(until)2.605 E F0 -.1
-(ke)144 405.6 S(yw)-.05 E .549(ord, part of the test in an)-.1 F F2(if)
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3.059 E F0 .549(statement, part of a command e)5.009 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
-.549(cuted in a).15 F F1(&&)3.049 E F0(or)3.049 E/F5 10/Symbol SF<efef>
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-(sr)-.55 G .578(eturn v)-3.078 F .578(alue is being in)-.25 F -.15(ve)
--.4 G .578(rted via).15 F F1(!)3.078 E F0 5.577(.T)C .577
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-(err)144 429.6 Q(exit)-.18 E F0 3.03(option. If)3.03 F(a)3.03 E F2
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-(or a script e)144 441.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .317(cuted with the).15 F F1
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(alues in a child process when it is created.)-.25 F 1.1
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+(uld be interpreted if used as a command name.).1 F .173(If the)5.173 F
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.843(prints a string which is one of)3.343 F F2(alias)3.343 E F0(,).27 E
F2 -.1(ke)3.343 G(ywor)-.2 E(d)-.37 E F0(,).77 E F2(function)3.343 E F0
-(,).24 E F2 -.2(bu)3.342 G(iltin).2 E F0 3.342(,o).24 G(r)-3.342 E F2
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-(is an alias, shell reserv)2.766 F .086(ed w)-.15 F .086
-(ord, function, b)-.1 F .087(uiltin, or disk \214le, respecti)-.2 F -.15
-(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.087(.I)-.65 G 2.587(ft)-5.087 G(he)-2.587 E F2
-(name)2.947 E F0 .087(is not)2.767 F .119
-(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 542.4 R .118
-(xit status of f)-.15 F .118(alse is returned.)-.1 F .118(If the)5.118 F
-F1<ad70>2.618 E F0 .118(option is used,)2.618 F F1(type)2.618 E F0 .855
-(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 554.4 R .855
+(,).24 E F2 -.2(bu)3.343 G(iltin).2 E F0 3.343(,o).24 G(r)-3.343 E F2
+(\214le)5.253 E F0(if)3.523 E F2(name)144.36 120 Q F0 .087
+(is an alias, shell reserv)2.767 F .087(ed w)-.15 F .087
+(ord, function, b)-.1 F .086(uiltin, or disk \214le, respecti)-.2 F -.15
+(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.086(.I)-.65 G 2.586(ft)-5.086 G(he)-2.586 E F2
+(name)2.946 E F0 .086(is not)2.766 F .118
+(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 132 R .118
+(xit status of f)-.15 F .118(alse is returned.)-.1 F .119(If the)5.119 F
+F1<ad70>2.619 E F0 .119(option is used,)2.619 F F1(type)2.619 E F0 .855
+(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 144 R .855
(ould be e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .855(cuted if).15 F F2(name)3.715 E F0
-.855(were speci\214ed as a com-)3.535 F .641(mand name, or nothing if)
-144 566.4 R/F6 10/Courier@0 SF .641(type -t name)3.141 F F0 -.1(wo)3.141
-G .641(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)3.14 E F0 5.64(.T).18 G(he)-5.64 E
-F1<ad50>3.14 E F0 .64(option forces a)3.14 F F3 -.666(PA)3.14 G(TH)-.189
-E F0 .112(search for each)144 578.4 R F2(name)2.612 E F0 2.612(,e)C -.15
-(ve)-2.862 G 2.613(ni).15 G(f)-2.613 E F6 .113(type -t name)2.613 F F0
--.1(wo)2.613 G .113(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)2.613 E F0 5.113(.I)
-.18 G 2.613(fac)-5.113 G .113(ommand is hashed,)-2.613 F F1<ad70>2.613 E
-F0(and)144 590.4 Q F1<ad50>2.945 E F0 .445(print the hashed v)2.945 F
-.444(alue, not necessarily the \214le that appears \214rst in)-.25 F F3
--.666(PA)2.944 G(TH)-.189 E F4(.)A F0 .444(If the)4.944 F F1<ad61>2.944
-E F0(option)2.944 E .265(is used,)144 602.4 R F1(type)2.765 E F0 .265
-(prints all of the places that contain an e)2.765 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .265
-(cutable named).15 F F2(name)2.765 E F0 5.265(.T).18 G .265
-(his includes aliases)-5.265 F .427(and functions, if and only if the)
-144 614.4 R F1<ad70>2.926 E F0 .426(option is not also used.)2.926 F
-.426(The table of hashed commands is not)5.426 F .548
-(consulted when using)144 626.4 R F1<ad61>3.048 E F0 5.548(.T)C(he)
--5.548 E F1<ad66>3.048 E F0 .549
-(option suppresses shell function lookup, as with the)3.048 F F1
-(command)3.049 E F0 -.2(bu)144 638.4 S(iltin.).2 E F1(type)5 E F0
+.855(were speci\214ed as a com-)3.535 F .64(mand name, or nothing if)144
+156 R/F3 10/Courier@0 SF .64(type -t name)3.14 F F0 -.1(wo)3.14 G .641
+(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)3.141 E F0 5.641(.T).18 G(he)-5.641 E F1
+<ad50>3.141 E F0 .641(option forces a)3.141 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666
+(PA)3.141 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .113(search for each)144 168 R F2(name)2.613 E
+F0 2.613(,e)C -.15(ve)-2.863 G 2.613(ni).15 G(f)-2.613 E F3 .113
+(type -t name)2.613 F F0 -.1(wo)2.613 G .113(uld not return).1 F F2
+(\214le)2.613 E F0 5.113(.I).18 G 2.613(fa)-5.113 G .112
+(command is hashed,)-.001 F F1<ad70>2.612 E F0(and)144 180 Q F1<ad50>
+2.944 E F0 .444(print the hashed v)2.944 F .444
+(alue, not necessarily the \214le that appears \214rst in)-.25 F F4
+-.666(PA)2.945 G(TH)-.189 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .445(If the)
+4.945 F F1<ad61>2.945 E F0(option)2.945 E .265(is used,)144 192 R F1
+(type)2.765 E F0 .265(prints all of the places that contain an e)2.765 F
+-.15(xe)-.15 G .265(cutable named).15 F F2(name)2.765 E F0 5.265(.T).18
+G .265(his includes aliases)-5.265 F .426
+(and functions, if and only if the)144 204 R F1<ad70>2.926 E F0 .426
+(option is not also used.)2.926 F .427
+(The table of hashed commands is not)5.426 F .549(consulted when using)
+144 216 R F1<ad61>3.049 E F0 5.549(.T)C(he)-5.549 E F1<ad66>3.049 E F0
+.548(option suppresses shell function lookup, as with the)3.049 F F1
+(command)3.048 E F0 -.2(bu)144 228 S(iltin.).2 E F1(type)5 E F0
(returns true if an)2.5 E 2.5(yo)-.15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he ar)-2.5 E
(guments are found, f)-.18 E(alse if none are found.)-.1 E F1(ulimit)108
-655.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255SHacde\214lmnpqrstuvx)A F0([)2.5 E F2(limit)A
-F0(]])A(Pro)144 667.2 Q .244(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.744
-(rt).15 G .244(he resources a)-2.744 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244
+244.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255HST)A(abcde\214lmnpqrstuvx)-.92 E F0([)2.5 E
+F2(limit)A F0(]])A(Pro)144 256.8 Q .243(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve)
+-.15 G 2.743(rt).15 G .243(he resources a)-2.743 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244
(ilable to the shell and to processes started by it, on systems).25 F
-.943(that allo)144 679.2 R 3.443(ws)-.25 G .943(uch control.)-3.443 F
-(The)5.943 E F1<ad48>3.443 E F0(and)3.443 E F1<ad53>3.444 E F0 .944
+.944(that allo)144 268.8 R 3.444(ws)-.25 G .944(uch control.)-3.444 F
+(The)5.944 E F1<ad48>3.444 E F0(and)3.444 E F1<ad53>3.444 E F0 .943
(options specify that the hard or soft limit is set for the)3.444 F(gi)
-144 691.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.709(nr).15 G 2.709(esource. A)-2.709 F .208
+144 280.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.708(nr).15 G 2.708(esource. A)-2.708 F .208
(hard limit cannot be increased by a non-root user once it is set; a so\
-ft limit may)2.709 F .425(be increased up to the v)144 703.2 R .425
-(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .426(If neither)5.425 F F1<ad48>2.926 E
-F0(nor)2.926 E F1<ad53>2.926 E F0 .426
-(is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.926 F .139(hard limits are set.)144
-715.2 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F2(limit)2.729 E F0 .139
+ft limit may)2.708 F .426(be increased up to the v)144 292.8 R .426
+(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .425(If neither)5.426 F F1<ad48>2.925 E
+F0(nor)2.925 E F1<ad53>2.925 E F0 .425
+(is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.925 F .139(hard limits are set.)144
+304.8 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F2(limit)2.729 E F0 .139
(can be a number in the unit speci\214ed for the resource or one)3.319 F
-.741(of the special v)144 727.2 R(alues)-.25 E F1(hard)3.241 E F0(,)A F1
+.742(of the special v)144 316.8 R(alues)-.25 E F1(hard)3.242 E F0(,)A F1
(soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F1(unlimited)3.241 E F0 3.241(,w)
-C .741(hich stand for the current hard limit, the current)-3.241 F
-(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2008 February 22)138.46 E(62)188.45 E 0 Cg EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E .78(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 84 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(ly).15 E 5.78(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.78 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(limit)3.37 E
-F0 .78(is omitted, the current v)3.96 F .78
-(alue of the soft limit of the)-.25 F .498
-(resource is printed, unless the)144 96 R/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad48>
-2.999 E F0 .499(option is gi)2.999 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.999(n. When).15 F
-.499(more than one resource is speci\214ed, the)2.999 F
-(limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 108 Q 2.5(alue. Other)
--.25 F(options are interpreted as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F2<ad61>144 120
-Q F0(All current limits are reported)25.3 E F2<ad63>144 132 Q F0
-(The maximum size of core \214les created)25.86 E F2<ad64>144 144 Q F0
-(The maximum size of a process')24.74 E 2.5(sd)-.55 G(ata se)-2.5 E
-(gment)-.15 E F2<ad65>144 156 Q F0
-(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))25.86 E F2<ad66>144 168 Q F0
-(The maximum size of \214les written by the shell and its children)26.97
-E F2<ad69>144 180 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)27.52 E F2
-<ad6c>144 192 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)27.52 E
-(ed into memory)-.1 E F2<ad6d>144 204 Q F0
-(The maximum resident set size)21.97 E F2<ad6e>144 216 Q F0 .791(The ma\
-ximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do not allo)24.74
-F 3.29(wt)-.25 G .79(his v)-3.29 F .79(alue to)-.25 F(be set\))180 228 Q
-F2<ad70>144 240 Q F0
-(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))24.74 E F2
-<ad71>144 252 Q F0(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)
-24.74 E F2<ad72>144 264 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)
-25.86 E F2<ad73>144 276 Q F0(The maximum stack size)26.41 E F2<ad74>144
-288 Q F0(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)26.97 E F2<ad75>144
-300 Q F0(The maximum number of processes a)24.74 E -.25(va)-.2 G
-(ilable to a single user).25 E F2<ad76>144 312 Q F0
+C .741(hich stand for the current hard limit, the current)-3.241 F .78
+(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 328.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E
+5.78(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.78 E F2(limit)3.37 E F0 .78
+(is omitted, the current v)3.96 F .78(alue of the soft limit of the)-.25
+F .499(resource is printed, unless the)144 340.8 R F1<ad48>2.999 E F0
+.499(option is gi)2.999 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.999(n. When).15 F .498
+(more than one resource is speci\214ed, the)2.999 F
+(limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 352.8 Q 2.5
+(alue. Other)-.25 F(options are interpreted as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F1
+<ad61>144 364.8 Q F0(All current limits are reported)25.3 E F1<ad62>144
+376.8 Q F0(The maximum sock)24.74 E(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E(fer size)-.25 E
+F1<ad63>144 388.8 Q F0(The maximum size of core \214les created)25.86 E
+F1<ad64>144 400.8 Q F0(The maximum size of a process')24.74 E 2.5(sd)
+-.55 G(ata se)-2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F1<ad65>144 412.8 Q F0
+(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))25.86 E F1<ad66>144 424.8 Q
+F0(The maximum size of \214les written by the shell and its children)
+26.97 E F1<ad69>144 436.8 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)
+27.52 E F1<ad6c>144 448.8 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)27.52 E
+(ed into memory)-.1 E F1<ad6d>144 460.8 Q F0
+(The maximum resident set size)21.97 E F1<ad6e>144 472.8 Q F0 .791(The \
+maximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do not allo)
+24.74 F 3.291(wt)-.25 G .791(his v)-3.291 F .791(alue to)-.25 F
+(be set\))180 484.8 Q F1<ad70>144 496.8 Q F0
+(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))24.74 E F1
+<ad71>144 508.8 Q F0
+(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)24.74 E F1<ad72>144
+520.8 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)25.86 E F1<ad73>144
+532.8 Q F0(The maximum stack size)26.41 E F1<ad74>144 544.8 Q F0
+(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)26.97 E F1<ad75>144 556.8 Q
+F0(The maximum number of processes a)24.74 E -.25(va)-.2 G
+(ilable to a single user).25 E F1<ad76>144 568.8 Q F0
(The maximum amount of virtual memory a)25.3 E -.25(va)-.2 G
-(ilable to the shell).25 E F2<ad78>144 324 Q F0
-(The maximum number of \214le locks)25.3 E(If)144 340.8 Q F1(limit)2.933
-E F0 .343(is gi)3.523 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .343(n, it is the ne).15 F 2.843
-(wv)-.25 G .343(alue of the speci\214ed resource \(the)-3.093 F F2<ad61>
+(ilable to the shell).25 E F1<ad78>144 580.8 Q F0
+(The maximum number of \214le locks)25.3 E F1<ad54>144 592.8 Q F0
+(The maximum number of threads)23.63 E(If)144 609.6 Q F2(limit)2.933 E
+F0 .343(is gi)3.523 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .343(n, it is the ne).15 F 2.843
+(wv)-.25 G .343(alue of the speci\214ed resource \(the)-3.093 F F1<ad61>
2.843 E F0 .343(option is display only\).)2.843 F .343(If no)5.343 F
-.176(option is gi)144 352.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .176(n, then).15 F F2<ad66>
-2.676 E F0 .175(is assumed.)2.676 F -1.11(Va)5.175 G .175
-(lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .175(xcept for)-.15 F F2
-<ad74>2.675 E F0 2.675(,w)C .175(hich is in)-2.675 F(seconds,)144 364.8
-Q F2<ad70>2.697 E F0 2.697(,w)C .197
-(hich is in units of 512-byte blocks, and)-2.697 F F2<ad6e>2.698 E F0
-(and)2.698 E F2<ad75>2.698 E F0 2.698(,w)C .198(hich are unscaled v)
--2.698 F 2.698(alues. The)-.25 F .404(return status is 0 unless an in)
-144 376.8 R -.25(va)-.4 G .404(lid option or ar).25 F .404
-(gument is supplied, or an error occurs while setting)-.18 F 2.5(an)144
-388.8 S .5 -.25(ew l)-2.5 H(imit.).25 E F2(umask)108 405.6 Q F0([)2.5 E
-F2<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad53>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(mode)-2.5 E F0(])A
-.2(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 417.6 R F1(mode)2.7 E F0
-5.2(.I).18 G(f)-5.2 E F1(mode)3.08 E F0(be)2.88 E .2
+.175(option is gi)144 621.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .175(n, then).15 F F1<ad66>
+2.675 E F0 .175(is assumed.)2.675 F -1.11(Va)5.175 G .175
+(lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .176(xcept for)-.15 F F1
+<ad74>2.676 E F0 2.676(,w)C .176(hich is in)-2.676 F(seconds,)144 633.6
+Q F1<ad70>2.516 E F0 2.516(,w)C .016
+(hich is in units of 512-byte blocks, and)-2.516 F F1<ad54>2.516 E F0(,)
+A F1<ad62>2.515 E F0(,)A F1<ad6e>2.515 E F0 2.515(,a)C(nd)-2.515 E F1
+<ad75>2.515 E F0 2.515(,w)C .015(hich are unscaled v)-2.515 F(al-)-.25 E
+3.787(ues. The)144 645.6 R 1.287(return status is 0 unless an in)3.787 F
+-.25(va)-.4 G 1.287(lid option or ar).25 F 1.287
+(gument is supplied, or an error occurs)-.18 F(while setting a ne)144
+657.6 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(imit.)-2.5 E F1(umask)108 674.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1
+<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad53>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(mode)-2.5 E F0(])A .2
+(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 686.4 R F2(mode)2.7 E F0
+5.2(.I).18 G(f)-5.2 E F2(mode)3.08 E F0(be)2.88 E .2
(gins with a digit, it is interpreted as an octal)-.15 F .066(number; o\
therwise it is interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that acce\
-pted by)144 429.6 R F1 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144
-441.6 Q F1(mode)3.262 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.062 F .382
-(alue of the mask is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.382 E F
2<ad53>2.882 E F0 .382
+pted by)144 698.4 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144
+710.4 Q F2(mode)3.263 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.063 F .382
+(alue of the mask is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.382 E F
1<ad53>2.882 E F0 .382
(option causes the mask to be)2.882 F .547
-(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 453.6 R .547
+(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 722.4 R .547
(ault output is an octal number)-.1 F 5.547(.I)-.55 G 3.047(ft)-5.547 G
-(he)-3.047 E F2<ad70>3.047 E F0 .547(option is supplied, and)3.047 F F1
-(mode)144.38 465.6 Q F0 .551
-(is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.)3.231
-F .552(The return status is 0 if the)5.552 F(mode w)144 477.6 Q
+(he)-3.047 E F1<ad70>3.047 E F0 .547(option is supplied, and)3.047 F
+(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2008 April 5)148.455 E(63)198.445 E 0 Cg EP
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+/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
+-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(mode)144.38 84 Q F0 .552
+(is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.)3.232
+F .551(The return status is 0 if the)5.551 F(mode w)144 96 Q
(as successfully changed or if no)-.1 E F1(mode)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E
-(gument w)-.18 E(as supplied, and f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F2
-(unalias)108 494.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F2(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0
-(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 506.4 Q 1.955 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F1(name)
-4.155 E F0 1.655(from the list of de\214ned aliases.)4.155 F(If)6.655 E
-F2<ad61>4.155 E F0 1.655(is supplied, all alias de\214nitions are)4.155
-F(remo)144 518.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E
+(gument w)-.18 E(as supplied, and f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E/F2 10
+/Times-Bold@0 SF(unalias)108 112.8 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F2(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F1
+(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 124.8 Q 1.955 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach)
+.15 E F1(name)4.155 E F0 1.655(from the list of de\214ned aliases.)4.155
+F(If)6.655 E F2<ad61>4.155 E F0 1.655
+(is supplied, all alias de\214nitions are)4.155 F(remo)144 136.8 Q -.15
+(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E
(alue is true unless a supplied)-.25 E F1(name)2.86 E F0
-(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F2(unset)108 535.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F2
-(fv)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 547.2 S 3.106
-(re).15 G(ach)-3.106 E F1(name)3.106 E F0 3.106(,r).18 G(emo)-3.106 E
-.906 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .606(he corresponding v).15 F .607
-(ariable or function.)-.25 F .607(If no options are supplied, or the)
-5.607 F F2<ad76>144 559.2 Q F0 .305(option is gi)2.805 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-.305(n, each).15 F F1(name)3.165 E F0 .305(refers to a shell v)2.985 F
-2.805(ariable. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)2.805 G .304
-(riables may not be unset.).25 F(If)5.304 E F2<ad66>144 571.2 Q F0 .459
-(is speci\214ed, each)2.959 F F1(name)3.319 E F0 .459
-(refers to a shell function, and the function de\214nition is remo)3.139
-F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.96(d. Each).15 F .903(unset v)144 583.2 R .903
+(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F2(unset)108 153.6 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F2
+(fv)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 165.6 S 3.107
+(re).15 G(ach)-3.107 E F1(name)3.107 E F0 3.107(,r).18 G(emo)-3.107 E
+.907 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .607(he corresponding v).15 F .607
+(ariable or function.)-.25 F .606(If no options are supplied, or the)
+5.607 F F2<ad76>144 177.6 Q F0 .304(option is gi)2.804 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
+.304(n, each).15 F F1(name)3.164 E F0 .305(refers to a shell v)2.985 F
+2.805(ariable. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)2.805 G .305
+(riables may not be unset.).25 F(If)5.305 E F2<ad66>144 189.6 Q F0 .46
+(is speci\214ed, each)2.96 F F1(name)3.32 E F0 .459
+(refers to a shell function, and the function de\214nition is remo)3.14
+F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.959(d. Each).15 F .902(unset v)144 201.6 R .902
(ariable or function is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.402(df).15 G .902
-(rom the en)-3.402 F .902(vironment passed to subsequent commands.)-.4 F
-(If)5.902 E(an)144 595.2 Q 4.284(yo)-.15 G(f)-4.284 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0
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+4.369 F 1.869(ersions of)-.15 F F3(sh)4.368 E F0 4.368(,m)C 1.868
+(ostly because of the)-4.368 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(POSIX)108 616.8 Q F0
+(speci\214cation.)2.25 E(Aliases are confusing in some uses.)108 633.6 Q
+(Shell b)108 650.4 Q
(uiltin commands and functions are not stoppable/restartable.)-.2 E
1.315(Compound commands and command sequences of the form `a ; b ; c' a\
-re not handled gracefully when)108 384 R .389
-(process suspension is attempted.)108 396 R .389
-(When a process is stopped, the shell immediately e)5.389 F -.15(xe)-.15
-G .39(cutes the ne).15 F .39(xt com-)-.15 F .193(mand in the sequence.)
-108 408 R .192(It suf)5.193 F .192(\214ces to place the sequence of com\
-mands between parentheses to force it into a)-.25 F
-(subshell, which may be stopped as a unit.)108 420 Q .955
-(Commands inside of)108 436.8 R F2($\()3.455 E F0(...)A F2(\))A F0 .956
+re not handled gracefully when)108 667.2 R .39
+(process suspension is attempted.)108 679.2 R .389
+(When a process is stopped, the shell immediately e)5.39 F -.15(xe)-.15
+G .389(cutes the ne).15 F .389(xt com-)-.15 F .192
+(mand in the sequence.)108 691.2 R .192(It suf)5.192 F .192(\214ces to \
+place the sequence of commands between parentheses to force it into a)
+-.25 F(subshell, which may be stopped as a unit.)108 703.2 Q .956
+(Commands inside of)108 720 R F3($\()3.456 E F0(...)A F3(\))A F0 .956
(command substitution are not parsed until substitution is attempted.)
-3.455 F .956(This will)5.956 F .567
+3.456 F .955(This will)5.955 F(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2008 April 5)
+148.455 E(65)198.445 E 0 Cg EP
+%%Page: 66 66
+%%BeginPageSetup
+BP
+%%EndPageSetup
+/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
+-.35 E .567
(delay error reporting until some time after the command is entered.)108
-448.8 R -.15(Fo)5.567 G 3.067(re).15 G .567
-(xample, unmatched parentheses,)-3.217 F -2.15 -.25(ev e)108 460.8 T 2.5
-(ni).25 G(nside shell comments, will result in error messages while the\
- construct is being read.)-2.5 E(Array v)108 477.6 Q
-(ariables may not \(yet\) be e)-.25 E(xported.)-.15 E(GNU Bash-3.2)72
-768 Q(2008 February 22)138.46 E(65)188.45 E 0 Cg EP
+84 R -.15(Fo)5.567 G 3.067(re).15 G .568(xample, unmatched parentheses,)
+-3.217 F -2.15 -.25(ev e)108 96 T 2.5(ni).25 G(nside shell comments, wi\
+ll result in error messages while the construct is being read.)-2.5 E
+(Array v)108 112.8 Q(ariables may not \(yet\) be e)-.25 E(xported.)-.15
+E(GNU Bash-3.2)72 768 Q(2008 April 5)148.455 E(66)198.445 E 0 Cg EP
%%Trailer
end
%%EOF
@xrdef{Readline Init File Syntax-pg}{94}
@xrdef{Readline Init File Syntax-snt}{Section@tie 8.3.1}
@xrdef{Conditional Init Constructs-title}{Conditional Init Constructs}
-@xrdef{Conditional Init Constructs-pg}{99}
+@xrdef{Conditional Init Constructs-pg}{100}
@xrdef{Conditional Init Constructs-snt}{Section@tie 8.3.2}
@xrdef{Sample Init File-title}{Sample Init File}
@xrdef{Sample Init File-pg}{100}
\entry{enable}{45}{\code {enable}}
\entry{help}{45}{\code {help}}
\entry{let}{45}{\code {let}}
-\entry{local}{45}{\code {local}}
+\entry{local}{46}{\code {local}}
\entry{logout}{46}{\code {logout}}
\entry{printf}{46}{\code {printf}}
\entry{read}{46}{\code {read}}
\entry{suspend}{89}{\code {suspend}}
\entry{compgen}{113}{\code {compgen}}
\entry{complete}{113}{\code {complete}}
+\entry{compopt}{116}{\code {compopt}}
\entry{fc}{118}{\code {fc}}
\entry{history}{118}{\code {history}}
\entry {\code {command}}{43}
\entry {\code {compgen}}{113}
\entry {\code {complete}}{113}
+\entry {\code {compopt}}{116}
\entry {\code {continue}}{36}
\initial {D}
\entry {\code {declare}}{43}
\entry {\code {kill}}{89}
\initial {L}
\entry {\code {let}}{45}
-\entry {\code {local}}{45}
+\entry {\code {local}}{46}
\entry {\code {logout}}{46}
\initial {P}
\entry {\code {popd}}{80}
<HTML>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
-<!-- Created on March, 4 2008 by texi2html 1.64 -->
+<!-- Created on April, 8 2008 by texi2html 1.64 -->
<!--
Written by: Lionel Cons <Lionel.Cons@cern.ch> (original author)
Karl Berry <karl@freefriends.org>
<H1>Bash Reference Manual</H1></P><P>
This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
-the Bash shell (version 3.2, 22 February 2008).
+the Bash shell (version 3.2, 5 April 2008).
</P><P>
-This is Edition 3.2, last updated 22 February 2008,
+This is Edition 3.2, last updated 5 April 2008,
of <CITE>The GNU Bash Reference Manual</CITE>,
for <CODE>Bash</CODE>, Version 3.2.
</P><P>
exit status of the last command executed.
</P><P>
-The control operators <SAMP>`&&'</SAMP> and <SAMP>`||'</SAMP>
-denote AND lists and OR lists, respectively.
+AND and OR lists are sequences of one or more pipelines
+separated by the control operators <SAMP>`&&'</SAMP> and <SAMP>`||'</SAMP>,
+respectively. AND and OR lists are executed with left
+associativity.
+</P><P>
+
An AND list has the form
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre><VAR>command1</VAR> && <VAR>command2</VAR>
</pre></td></tr></table></P><P>
The <SAMP>`-p'</SAMP> option will display the attributes and values of each
<VAR>name</VAR>.
-When <SAMP>`-p'</SAMP> is used, additional options are ignored.
+When <SAMP>`-p'</SAMP> is used with <VAR>name</VAR> arguments, additional options
+are ignored.
+</P><P>
+
+When <SAMP>`-p'</SAMP> is supplied without <VAR>name</VAR> arguments, <CODE>declare</CODE>
+will display the attributes and values of all variables having the
+attributes specified by the additional options.
+If no other options are supplied with <SAMP>`-p'</SAMP>, <CODE>declare</CODE> will
+display the attributes and values of all shell variables. The <SAMP>`-f'</SAMP>
+option will restrict the display to shell functions.
+</P><P>
+
The <SAMP>`-F'</SAMP> option inhibits the display of function definitions;
only the function name and attributes are printed.
If the <CODE>extdebug</CODE> shell option is enabled using <CODE>shopt</CODE>
<DT><CODE>read</CODE>
<DD><A NAME="IDX102"></A>
-<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>read [-ers] [-a <VAR>aname</VAR>] [-d <VAR>delim</VAR>] [-n <VAR>nchars</VAR>] [-p <VAR>prompt</VAR>] [-t <VAR>timeout</VAR>] [-u <VAR>fd</VAR>] [<VAR>name</VAR> <small>...</small>]
+<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>read [-ers] [-a <VAR>aname</VAR>] [-d <VAR>delim</VAR>] [-i <VAR>text</VAR>] [-n <VAR>nchars</VAR>] [-p <VAR>prompt</VAR>] [-t <VAR>timeout</VAR>] [-u <VAR>fd</VAR>] [<VAR>name</VAR> <small>...</small>]
</pre></td></tr></table>One line is read from the standard input, or from the file descriptor
<VAR>fd</VAR> supplied as an argument to the <SAMP>`-u'</SAMP> option, and the first word
is assigned to the first <VAR>name</VAR>, the second word to the second <VAR>name</VAR>,
<DD>Readline (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC93">8. Command Line Editing</A>) is used to obtain the line.
<P>
+<DT><CODE>-i <VAR>text</VAR></CODE>
+<DD>If Readline is being used to read the line, <VAR>text</VAR> is placed into
+the editing buffer before editing begins.
+<P>
+
<DT><CODE>-n <VAR>nchars</VAR></CODE>
<DD><CODE>read</CODE> returns after reading <VAR>nchars</VAR> characters rather than
waiting for a complete line of input.
<DT><CODE>ulimit</CODE>
<DD><A NAME="IDX106"></A>
-<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>ulimit [-acdefilmnpqrstuvxSH] [<VAR>limit</VAR>]
+<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>ulimit [-abcdefilmnpqrstuvxHST] [<VAR>limit</VAR>]
</pre></td></tr></table><CODE>ulimit</CODE> provides control over the resources available to processes
started by the shell, on systems that allow such control. If an
option is given, it is interpreted as follows:
<DD>All current limits are reported.
<P>
+<DT><CODE>-b</CODE>
+<DD>The maximum socket buffer size.
+<P>
+
<DT><CODE>-c</CODE>
<DD>The maximum size of core files created.
<P>
<DD>The maximum number of file locks.
<P>
+<DT><CODE>-T</CODE>
+<DD>The maximum number of threads.
+<P>
+
</DL>
<P>
or <CODE>next-history</CODE>. The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>.
<P>
-<DT><CODE>horizontal-scroll-mode</CODE>
+<DT><CODE>history-size</CODE>
<DD><A NAME="IDX305"></A>
+Set the maximum number of history entries saved in the history list. If
+set to zero, the number of entries in the history list is not limited.
+<P>
+
+<DT><CODE>horizontal-scroll-mode</CODE>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX306"></A>
This variable can be set to either <SAMP>`on'</SAMP> or <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. Setting it
to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP> means that the text of the lines being edited will scroll
horizontally on a single screen line when they are longer than the width
<P>
<DT><CODE>input-meta</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX306"></A>
-<A NAME="IDX307"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX307"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX308"></A>
If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline will enable eight-bit input (it
will not clear the eighth bit in the characters it reads),
regardless of what the terminal claims it can support. The
<P>
<DT><CODE>isearch-terminators</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX308"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX309"></A>
The string of characters that should terminate an incremental search without
subsequently executing the character as a command (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC100">8.2.5 Searching for Commands in the History</A>).
If this variable has not been given a value, the characters <KBD>ESC</KBD> and
<P>
<DT><CODE>keymap</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX309"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX310"></A>
Sets Readline's idea of the current keymap for key binding commands.
Acceptable <CODE>keymap</CODE> names are
<CODE>emacs</CODE>,
<P>
<DT><CODE>mark-modified-lines</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX310"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX311"></A>
This variable, when set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, causes Readline to display an
asterisk (<SAMP>`*'</SAMP>) at the start of history lines which have been modified.
This variable is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP> by default.
<P>
<DT><CODE>mark-symlinked-directories</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX311"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX312"></A>
If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, completed names which are symbolic links
to directories have a slash appended (subject to the value of
<CODE>mark-directories</CODE>).
<P>
<DT><CODE>match-hidden-files</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX312"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX313"></A>
This variable, when set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, causes Readline to match files whose
names begin with a <SAMP>`.'</SAMP> (hidden files) when performing filename
completion, unless the leading <SAMP>`.'</SAMP> is
<P>
<DT><CODE>output-meta</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX313"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX314"></A>
If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline will display characters with the
eighth bit set directly rather than as a meta-prefixed escape
sequence. The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>.
<P>
<DT><CODE>page-completions</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX314"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX315"></A>
If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline uses an internal <CODE>more</CODE>-like pager
to display a screenful of possible completions at a time.
This variable is <SAMP>`on'</SAMP> by default.
<P>
<DT><CODE>show-all-if-ambiguous</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX315"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX316"></A>
This alters the default behavior of the completion functions. If
set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>,
words which have more than one possible completion cause the
<P>
<DT><CODE>show-all-if-unmodified</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX316"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX317"></A>
This alters the default behavior of the completion functions in
a fashion similar to <VAR>show-all-if-ambiguous</VAR>.
If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>,
<P>
<DT><CODE>visible-stats</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX317"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX318"></A>
If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, a character denoting a file's type
is appended to the filename when listing possible
completions. The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>.
<H3> 8.4.1 Commands For Moving </H3>
<!--docid::SEC106::-->
<DL COMPACT>
-<A NAME="IDX318"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX319"></A>
<DT><CODE>beginning-of-line (C-a)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX319"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX320"></A>
Move to the start of the current line.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX320"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX321"></A>
<DT><CODE>end-of-line (C-e)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX321"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX322"></A>
Move to the end of the line.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX322"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX323"></A>
<DT><CODE>forward-char (C-f)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX323"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX324"></A>
Move forward a character.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX324"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX325"></A>
<DT><CODE>backward-char (C-b)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX325"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX326"></A>
Move back a character.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX326"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX327"></A>
<DT><CODE>forward-word (M-f)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX327"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX328"></A>
Move forward to the end of the next word. Words are composed of
letters and digits.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX328"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX329"></A>
<DT><CODE>backward-word (M-b)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX329"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX330"></A>
Move back to the start of the current or previous word. Words are
composed of letters and digits.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX330"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX331"></A>
<DT><CODE>clear-screen (C-l)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX331"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX332"></A>
Clear the screen and redraw the current line,
leaving the current line at the top of the screen.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX332"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX333"></A>
<DT><CODE>redraw-current-line ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX333"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX334"></A>
Refresh the current line. By default, this is unbound.
<P>
<P>
<DL COMPACT>
-<A NAME="IDX334"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX335"></A>
<DT><CODE>accept-line (Newline or Return)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX335"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX336"></A>
Accept the line regardless of where the cursor is.
If this line is
non-empty, add it to the history list according to the setting of
to its original state.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX336"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX337"></A>
<DT><CODE>previous-history (C-p)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX337"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX338"></A>
Move `back' through the history list, fetching the previous command.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX338"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX339"></A>
<DT><CODE>next-history (C-n)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX339"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX340"></A>
Move `forward' through the history list, fetching the next command.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX340"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX341"></A>
<DT><CODE>beginning-of-history (M-<)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX341"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX342"></A>
Move to the first line in the history.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX342"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX343"></A>
<DT><CODE>end-of-history (M->)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX343"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX344"></A>
Move to the end of the input history, i.e., the line currently
being entered.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX344"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX345"></A>
<DT><CODE>reverse-search-history (C-r)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX345"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX346"></A>
Search backward starting at the current line and moving `up' through
the history as necessary. This is an incremental search.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX346"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX347"></A>
<DT><CODE>forward-search-history (C-s)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX347"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX348"></A>
Search forward starting at the current line and moving `down' through
the the history as necessary. This is an incremental search.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX348"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX349"></A>
<DT><CODE>non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX349"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX350"></A>
Search backward starting at the current line and moving `up'
through the history as necessary using a non-incremental search
for a string supplied by the user.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX350"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX351"></A>
<DT><CODE>non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX351"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX352"></A>
Search forward starting at the current line and moving `down'
through the the history as necessary using a non-incremental search
for a string supplied by the user.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX352"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX353"></A>
<DT><CODE>history-search-forward ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX353"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX354"></A>
Search forward through the history for the string of characters
between the start of the current line and the point.
This is a non-incremental search.
By default, this command is unbound.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX354"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX355"></A>
<DT><CODE>history-search-backward ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX355"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX356"></A>
Search backward through the history for the string of characters
between the start of the current line and the point. This
is a non-incremental search. By default, this command is unbound.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX356"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX357"></A>
<DT><CODE>yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX357"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX358"></A>
Insert the first argument to the previous command (usually
the second word on the previous line) at point.
With an argument <VAR>n</VAR>,
as if the <SAMP>`!<VAR>n</VAR>'</SAMP> history expansion had been specified.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX358"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX359"></A>
<DT><CODE>yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX359"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX360"></A>
Insert last argument to the previous command (the last word of the
previous history entry). With an
argument, behave exactly like <CODE>yank-nth-arg</CODE>.
<P>
<DL COMPACT>
-<A NAME="IDX360"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX361"></A>
<DT><CODE>delete-char (C-d)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX361"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX362"></A>
Delete the character at point. If point is at the
beginning of the line, there are no characters in the line, and
the last character typed was not bound to <CODE>delete-char</CODE>, then
return EOF.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX362"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX363"></A>
<DT><CODE>backward-delete-char (Rubout)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX363"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX364"></A>
Delete the character behind the cursor. A numeric argument means
to kill the characters instead of deleting them.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX364"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX365"></A>
<DT><CODE>forward-backward-delete-char ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX365"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX366"></A>
Delete the character under the cursor, unless the cursor is at the
end of the line, in which case the character behind the cursor is
deleted. By default, this is not bound to a key.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX366"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX367"></A>
<DT><CODE>quoted-insert (C-q or C-v)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX367"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX368"></A>
Add the next character typed to the line verbatim. This is
how to insert key sequences like <KBD>C-q</KBD>, for example.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX368"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX369"></A>
<DT><CODE>self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, <small>...</small>)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX369"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX370"></A>
Insert yourself.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX370"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX371"></A>
<DT><CODE>transpose-chars (C-t)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX371"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX372"></A>
Drag the character before the cursor forward over
the character at the cursor, moving the
cursor forward as well. If the insertion point
Negative arguments have no effect.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX372"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX373"></A>
<DT><CODE>transpose-words (M-t)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX373"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX374"></A>
Drag the word before point past the word after point,
moving point past that word as well.
If the insertion point is at the end of the line, this transposes
the last two words on the line.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX374"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX375"></A>
<DT><CODE>upcase-word (M-u)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX375"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX376"></A>
Uppercase the current (or following) word. With a negative argument,
uppercase the previous word, but do not move the cursor.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX376"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX377"></A>
<DT><CODE>downcase-word (M-l)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX377"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX378"></A>
Lowercase the current (or following) word. With a negative argument,
lowercase the previous word, but do not move the cursor.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX378"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX379"></A>
<DT><CODE>capitalize-word (M-c)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX379"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX380"></A>
Capitalize the current (or following) word. With a negative argument,
capitalize the previous word, but do not move the cursor.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX380"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX381"></A>
<DT><CODE>overwrite-mode ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX381"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX382"></A>
Toggle overwrite mode. With an explicit positive numeric argument,
switches to overwrite mode. With an explicit non-positive numeric
argument, switches to insert mode. This command affects only
<DL COMPACT>
-<A NAME="IDX382"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX383"></A>
<DT><CODE>kill-line (C-k)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX383"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX384"></A>
Kill the text from point to the end of the line.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX384"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX385"></A>
<DT><CODE>backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX385"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX386"></A>
Kill backward to the beginning of the line.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX386"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX387"></A>
<DT><CODE>unix-line-discard (C-u)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX387"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX388"></A>
Kill backward from the cursor to the beginning of the current line.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX388"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX389"></A>
<DT><CODE>kill-whole-line ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX389"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX390"></A>
Kill all characters on the current line, no matter where point is.
By default, this is unbound.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX390"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX391"></A>
<DT><CODE>kill-word (M-d)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX391"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX392"></A>
Kill from point to the end of the current word, or if between
words, to the end of the next word.
Word boundaries are the same as <CODE>forward-word</CODE>.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX392"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX393"></A>
<DT><CODE>backward-kill-word (M-<KBD>DEL</KBD>)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX393"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX394"></A>
Kill the word behind point.
Word boundaries are the same as <CODE>backward-word</CODE>.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX394"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX395"></A>
<DT><CODE>unix-word-rubout (C-w)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX395"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX396"></A>
Kill the word behind point, using white space as a word boundary.
The killed text is saved on the kill-ring.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX396"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX397"></A>
<DT><CODE>unix-filename-rubout ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX397"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX398"></A>
Kill the word behind point, using white space and the slash character
as the word boundaries.
The killed text is saved on the kill-ring.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX398"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX399"></A>
<DT><CODE>delete-horizontal-space ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX399"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX400"></A>
Delete all spaces and tabs around point. By default, this is unbound.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX400"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX401"></A>
<DT><CODE>kill-region ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX401"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX402"></A>
Kill the text in the current region.
By default, this command is unbound.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX402"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX403"></A>
<DT><CODE>copy-region-as-kill ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX403"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX404"></A>
Copy the text in the region to the kill buffer, so it can be yanked
right away. By default, this command is unbound.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX404"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX405"></A>
<DT><CODE>copy-backward-word ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX405"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX406"></A>
Copy the word before point to the kill buffer.
The word boundaries are the same as <CODE>backward-word</CODE>.
By default, this command is unbound.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX406"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX407"></A>
<DT><CODE>copy-forward-word ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX407"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX408"></A>
Copy the word following point to the kill buffer.
The word boundaries are the same as <CODE>forward-word</CODE>.
By default, this command is unbound.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX408"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX409"></A>
<DT><CODE>yank (C-y)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX409"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX410"></A>
Yank the top of the kill ring into the buffer at point.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX410"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX411"></A>
<DT><CODE>yank-pop (M-y)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX411"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX412"></A>
Rotate the kill-ring, and yank the new top. You can only do this if
the prior command is <CODE>yank</CODE> or <CODE>yank-pop</CODE>.
</DL>
<!--docid::SEC110::-->
<DL COMPACT>
-<A NAME="IDX412"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX413"></A>
<DT><CODE>digit-argument (<KBD>M-0</KBD>, <KBD>M-1</KBD>, <small>...</small> <KBD>M--</KBD>)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX413"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX414"></A>
Add this digit to the argument already accumulating, or start a new
argument. <KBD>M--</KBD> starts a negative argument.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX414"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX415"></A>
<DT><CODE>universal-argument ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX415"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX416"></A>
This is another way to specify an argument.
If this command is followed by one or more digits, optionally with a
leading minus sign, those digits define the argument.
<P>
<DL COMPACT>
-<A NAME="IDX416"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX417"></A>
<DT><CODE>complete (<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX417"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX418"></A>
Attempt to perform completion on the text before point.
The actual completion performed is application-specific.
Bash attempts completion treating the text as a variable (if the
of these produces a match, filename completion is attempted.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX418"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX419"></A>
<DT><CODE>possible-completions (M-?)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX419"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX420"></A>
List the possible completions of the text before point.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX420"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX421"></A>
<DT><CODE>insert-completions (M-*)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX421"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX422"></A>
Insert all completions of the text before point that would have
been generated by <CODE>possible-completions</CODE>.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX422"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX423"></A>
<DT><CODE>menu-complete ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX423"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX424"></A>
Similar to <CODE>complete</CODE>, but replaces the word to be completed
with a single match from the list of possible completions.
Repeated execution of <CODE>menu-complete</CODE> steps through the list
by default.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX424"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX425"></A>
<DT><CODE>delete-char-or-list ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX425"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX426"></A>
Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the beginning or
end of the line (like <CODE>delete-char</CODE>).
If at the end of the line, behaves identically to
This command is unbound by default.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX426"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX427"></A>
<DT><CODE>complete-filename (M-/)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX427"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX428"></A>
Attempt filename completion on the text before point.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX428"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX429"></A>
<DT><CODE>possible-filename-completions (C-x /)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX429"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX430"></A>
List the possible completions of the text before point,
treating it as a filename.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX430"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX431"></A>
<DT><CODE>complete-username (M-~)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX431"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX432"></A>
Attempt completion on the text before point, treating
it as a username.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX432"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX433"></A>
<DT><CODE>possible-username-completions (C-x ~)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX433"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX434"></A>
List the possible completions of the text before point,
treating it as a username.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX434"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX435"></A>
<DT><CODE>complete-variable (M-$)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX435"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX436"></A>
Attempt completion on the text before point, treating
it as a shell variable.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX436"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX437"></A>
<DT><CODE>possible-variable-completions (C-x $)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX437"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX438"></A>
List the possible completions of the text before point,
treating it as a shell variable.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX438"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX439"></A>
<DT><CODE>complete-hostname (M-@)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX439"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX440"></A>
Attempt completion on the text before point, treating
it as a hostname.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX440"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX441"></A>
<DT><CODE>possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX441"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX442"></A>
List the possible completions of the text before point,
treating it as a hostname.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX442"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX443"></A>
<DT><CODE>complete-command (M-!)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX443"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX444"></A>
Attempt completion on the text before point, treating
it as a command name. Command completion attempts to
match the text against aliases, reserved words, shell
in that order.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX444"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX445"></A>
<DT><CODE>possible-command-completions (C-x !)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX445"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX446"></A>
List the possible completions of the text before point,
treating it as a command name.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX446"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX447"></A>
<DT><CODE>dynamic-complete-history (M-<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX447"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX448"></A>
Attempt completion on the text before point, comparing
the text against lines from the history list for possible
completion matches.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX448"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX449"></A>
<DT><CODE>complete-into-braces (M-{)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX449"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX450"></A>
Perform filename completion and insert the list of possible completions
enclosed within braces so the list is available to the shell
(see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC28">3.5.1 Brace Expansion</A>).
<!--docid::SEC112::-->
<DL COMPACT>
-<A NAME="IDX450"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX451"></A>
<DT><CODE>start-kbd-macro (C-x ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX451"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX452"></A>
Begin saving the characters typed into the current keyboard macro.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX452"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX453"></A>
<DT><CODE>end-kbd-macro (C-x ))</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX453"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX454"></A>
Stop saving the characters typed into the current keyboard macro
and save the definition.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX454"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX455"></A>
<DT><CODE>call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX455"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX456"></A>
Re-execute the last keyboard macro defined, by making the characters
in the macro appear as if typed at the keyboard.
<P>
<!--docid::SEC113::-->
<DL COMPACT>
-<A NAME="IDX456"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX457"></A>
<DT><CODE>re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX457"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX458"></A>
Read in the contents of the <VAR>inputrc</VAR> file, and incorporate
any bindings or variable assignments found there.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX458"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX459"></A>
<DT><CODE>abort (C-g)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX459"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX460"></A>
Abort the current editing command and
ring the terminal's bell (subject to the setting of
<CODE>bell-style</CODE>).
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX460"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX461"></A>
<DT><CODE>do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-<VAR>x</VAR>, <small>...</small>)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX461"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX462"></A>
If the metafied character <VAR>x</VAR> is lowercase, run the command
that is bound to the corresponding uppercase character.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX462"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX463"></A>
<DT><CODE>prefix-meta (<KBD>ESC</KBD>)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX463"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX464"></A>
Metafy the next character typed. This is for keyboards
without a meta key. Typing <SAMP>`<KBD>ESC</KBD> f'</SAMP> is equivalent to typing
<KBD>M-f</KBD>.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX464"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX465"></A>
<DT><CODE>undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX465"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX466"></A>
Incremental undo, separately remembered for each line.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX466"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX467"></A>
<DT><CODE>revert-line (M-r)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX467"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX468"></A>
Undo all changes made to this line. This is like executing the <CODE>undo</CODE>
command enough times to get back to the beginning.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX468"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX469"></A>
<DT><CODE>tilde-expand (M-&)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX469"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX470"></A>
Perform tilde expansion on the current word.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX470"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX471"></A>
<DT><CODE>set-mark (C-@)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX471"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX472"></A>
Set the mark to the point. If a
numeric argument is supplied, the mark is set to that position.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX472"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX473"></A>
<DT><CODE>exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX473"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX474"></A>
Swap the point with the mark. The current cursor position is set to
the saved position, and the old cursor position is saved as the mark.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX474"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX475"></A>
<DT><CODE>character-search (C-])</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX475"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX476"></A>
A character is read and point is moved to the next occurrence of that
character. A negative count searches for previous occurrences.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX476"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX477"></A>
<DT><CODE>character-search-backward (M-C-])</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX477"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX478"></A>
A character is read and point is moved to the previous occurrence
of that character. A negative count searches for subsequent
occurrences.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX478"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX479"></A>
<DT><CODE>insert-comment (M-#)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX479"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX480"></A>
Without a numeric argument, the value of the <CODE>comment-begin</CODE>
variable is inserted at the beginning of the current line.
If a numeric argument is supplied, this command acts as a toggle: if
will be executed by the shell.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX480"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX481"></A>
<DT><CODE>dump-functions ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX481"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX482"></A>
Print all of the functions and their key bindings to the
Readline output stream. If a numeric argument is supplied,
the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part
of an <VAR>inputrc</VAR> file. This command is unbound by default.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX482"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX483"></A>
<DT><CODE>dump-variables ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX483"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX484"></A>
Print all of the settable variables and their values to the
Readline output stream. If a numeric argument is supplied,
the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part
of an <VAR>inputrc</VAR> file. This command is unbound by default.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX484"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX485"></A>
<DT><CODE>dump-macros ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX485"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX486"></A>
Print all of the Readline key sequences bound to macros and the
strings they output. If a numeric argument is supplied,
the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part
of an <VAR>inputrc</VAR> file. This command is unbound by default.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX486"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX487"></A>
<DT><CODE>glob-complete-word (M-g)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX487"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX488"></A>
The word before point is treated as a pattern for pathname expansion,
with an asterisk implicitly appended. This pattern is used to
generate a list of matching file names for possible completions.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX488"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX489"></A>
<DT><CODE>glob-expand-word (C-x *)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX489"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX490"></A>
The word before point is treated as a pattern for pathname expansion,
and the list of matching file names is inserted, replacing the word.
If a numeric argument is supplied, a <SAMP>`*'</SAMP> is appended before
pathname expansion.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX490"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX491"></A>
<DT><CODE>glob-list-expansions (C-x g)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX491"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX492"></A>
The list of expansions that would have been generated by
<CODE>glob-expand-word</CODE> is displayed, and the line is redrawn.
If a numeric argument is supplied, a <SAMP>`*'</SAMP> is appended before
pathname expansion.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX492"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX493"></A>
<DT><CODE>display-shell-version (C-x C-v)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX493"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX494"></A>
Display version information about the current instance of Bash.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX494"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX495"></A>
<DT><CODE>shell-expand-line (M-C-e)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX495"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX496"></A>
Expand the line as the shell does.
This performs alias and history expansion as well as all of the shell
word expansions (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC27">3.5 Shell Expansions</A>).
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX496"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX497"></A>
<DT><CODE>history-expand-line (M-^)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX497"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX498"></A>
Perform history expansion on the current line.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX498"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX499"></A>
<DT><CODE>magic-space ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX499"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX500"></A>
Perform history expansion on the current line and insert a space
(see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC120">9.3 History Expansion</A>).
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX500"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX501"></A>
<DT><CODE>alias-expand-line ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX501"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX502"></A>
Perform alias expansion on the current line (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC82">6.6 Aliases</A>).
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX502"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX503"></A>
<DT><CODE>history-and-alias-expand-line ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX503"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX504"></A>
Perform history and alias expansion on the current line.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX504"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX505"></A>
<DT><CODE>insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX505"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX506"></A>
A synonym for <CODE>yank-last-arg</CODE>.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX506"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX507"></A>
<DT><CODE>operate-and-get-next (C-o)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX507"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX508"></A>
Accept the current line for execution and fetch the next line
relative to the current line from the history for editing. Any
argument is ignored.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX508"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX509"></A>
<DT><CODE>edit-and-execute-command (C-xC-e)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX509"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX510"></A>
Invoke an editor on the current command line, and execute the result as shell
commands.
Bash attempts to invoke
Any function specified with <SAMP>`-F'</SAMP> is invoked first.
The function may use any of the shell facilities, including the
-<CODE>compgen</CODE> builtin described below
+<CODE>compgen</CODE> and <CODE>compopt</CODE> builtins described below
(see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A>), to generate the matches.
It must put the possible completions in the <CODE>COMPREPLY</CODE> array
variable.
<DL COMPACT>
<DT><CODE>compgen</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX510"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX511"></A>
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre><CODE>compgen [<VAR>option</VAR>] [<VAR>word</VAR>]</CODE>
</pre></td></tr></table><P>
</P><P>
<DT><CODE>complete</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX511"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX512"></A>
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre><CODE>complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o <VAR>comp-option</VAR>] [-A <VAR>action</VAR>] [-G <VAR>globpat</VAR>] [-W <VAR>wordlist</VAR>]
[-F <VAR>function</VAR>] [-C <VAR>command</VAR>] [-X <VAR>filterpat</VAR>]
[-P <VAR>prefix</VAR>] [-S <VAR>suffix</VAR>] <VAR>name</VAR> [<VAR>name</VAR> <small>...</small>]</CODE>
an error occurs adding a completion specification.
</P><P>
+<DT><CODE>compopt</CODE>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX513"></A>
+<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre><CODE>compopt</CODE> [-o <VAR>option</VAR>] [+o <VAR>option</VAR>] [<VAR>name</VAR>]
+</pre></td></tr></table>Modify completion options for each <VAR>name</VAR> according to the
+<VAR>option</VAR>s, or for the currently-execution completion if no <VAR>name</VAR>s
+are supplied.
+If no <VAR>option</VAR>s are given, display the completion options for each
+<VAR>name</VAR> or the current completion.
+The possible values of <VAR>option</VAR> are those valid for the <CODE>complete</CODE>
+builtin described above.
+<P>
+
+The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied, an attempt
+is made to modify the options for a <VAR>name</VAR> for which no completion
+specification exists, or an output error occurs.
+</P><P>
+
</DL>
-<A NAME="IDX512"></A>
<P>
+<A NAME="IDX514"></A>
+</P><P>
+
<A NAME="Using History Interactively"></A>
<HR SIZE="6">
<A NAME="SEC117"></A>
<DL COMPACT>
<DT><CODE>fc</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX513"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX515"></A>
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre><CODE>fc [-e <VAR>ename</VAR>] [-lnr] [<VAR>first</VAR>] [<VAR>last</VAR>]</CODE>
<CODE>fc -s [<VAR>pat</VAR>=<VAR>rep</VAR>] [<VAR>command</VAR>]</CODE>
</pre></td></tr></table><P>
</P><P>
<DT><CODE>history</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX514"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX516"></A>
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>history [<VAR>n</VAR>]
history -c
history -d <VAR>offset</VAR>
An event designator is a reference to a command line entry in the
history list.
-<A NAME="IDX515"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX517"></A>
</P><P>
<DL COMPACT>
<LI>
Bash provides a programmable word completion mechanism
-(see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.6 Programmable Completion</A>), and two builtin commands,
-<CODE>complete</CODE> and <CODE>compgen</CODE>, to manipulate it.
+(see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.6 Programmable Completion</A>), and builtin commands
+<CODE>complete</CODE>, <CODE>compgen</CODE>, and <CODE>compopt</CODE>, to
+manipulate it.
<P>
<LI>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX92"><CODE>caller</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC58">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX71"><CODE>cd</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC57">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX93"><CODE>command</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC58">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX510"><CODE>compgen</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX511"><CODE>complete</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX511"><CODE>compgen</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX512"><CODE>complete</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX513"><CODE>compopt</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX72"><CODE>continue</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC57">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="bt_D"></A>D</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX76"><CODE>export</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC57">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="bt_F"></A>F</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX51
3"><CODE>fc</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC119">9.2 Bash History Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX51
5"><CODE>fc</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC119">9.2 Bash History Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX282"><CODE>fg</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC91">7.2 Job Control Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="bt_G"></A>G</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="bt_H"></A>H</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX78"><CODE>hash</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC57">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX97"><CODE>help</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC58">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX51
4"><CODE>history</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC119">9.2 Bash History Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX51
6"><CODE>history</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC119">9.2 Bash History Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="bt_J"></A>J</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX283"><CODE>jobs</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC91">7.2 Job Control Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX200"><CODE>HISTIGNORE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC65">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX201"><CODE>HISTIGNORE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC65">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX304"><CODE>history-preserve-point</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC102">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX305"><CODE>history-size</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC102">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX202"><CODE>HISTSIZE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC65">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX203"><CODE>HISTSIZE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC65">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX204"><CODE>HISTTIMEFORMAT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC65">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX205"><CODE>HISTTIMEFORMAT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC65">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX112"><CODE>HOME</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC64">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX113"><CODE>HOME</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC64">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX30
5"><CODE>horizontal-scroll-mode</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC102">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX30
6"><CODE>horizontal-scroll-mode</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC102">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX206"><CODE>HOSTFILE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC65">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX207"><CODE>HOSTFILE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC65">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX208"><CODE>HOSTNAME</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC65">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX115"><CODE>IFS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC64">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX212"><CODE>IGNOREEOF</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC65">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX213"><CODE>IGNOREEOF</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC65">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX30
6"><CODE>input-meta</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC102">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX30
7"><CODE>input-meta</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC102">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX214"><CODE>INPUTRC</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC65">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX215"><CODE>INPUTRC</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC65">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX30
8"><CODE>isearch-terminators</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC102">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX30
9"><CODE>isearch-terminators</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC102">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="vr_K"></A>K</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX3
09"><CODE>keymap</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC102">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX3
10"><CODE>keymap</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC102">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="vr_L"></A>L</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX216"><CODE>LANG</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC65">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX235"><CODE>MAILCHECK</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC65">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX118"><CODE>MAILPATH</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC64">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX119"><CODE>MAILPATH</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC64">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX31
0"><CODE>mark-modified-lines</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC102">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX31
1"><CODE>mark-symlinked-directories</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC102">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX31
2"><CODE>match-hidden-files</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC102">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX30
7"><CODE>meta-flag</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC102">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX31
1"><CODE>mark-modified-lines</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC102">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX31
2"><CODE>mark-symlinked-directories</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC102">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX31
3"><CODE>match-hidden-files</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC102">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX30
8"><CODE>meta-flag</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC102">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="vr_O"></A>O</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX236"><CODE>OLDPWD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC65">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX123"><CODE>OPTIND</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC64">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX240"><CODE>OSTYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC65">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX241"><CODE>OSTYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC65">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX31
3"><CODE>output-meta</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC102">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX31
4"><CODE>output-meta</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC102">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="vr_P"></A>P</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX31
4"><CODE>page-completions</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC102">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX31
5"><CODE>page-completions</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC102">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX124"><CODE>PATH</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC64">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX125"><CODE>PATH</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC64">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX242"><CODE>PIPESTATUS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC65">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX265"><CODE>SHELLOPTS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC65">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX266"><CODE>SHLVL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC65">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX267"><CODE>SHLVL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC65">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX31
5"><CODE>show-all-if-ambiguous</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC102">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX31
6"><CODE>show-all-if-unmodified</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC102">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX31
6"><CODE>show-all-if-ambiguous</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC102">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX31
7"><CODE>show-all-if-unmodified</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC102">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="vr_T"></A>T</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX22"><CODE>TEXTDOMAIN</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC13">3.1.2.5 Locale-Specific Translation</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX275"><CODE>UID</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC65">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="vr_V"></A>V</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX31
7"><CODE>visible-stats</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC102">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX31
8"><CODE>visible-stats</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC102">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
</TABLE><P></P><table><tr><th valign=top>Jump to: </th><td><A HREF="bashref.html#vr_!" style="text-decoration:none"><b>!</b></A>
<TR><TD></TD><TH ALIGN=LEFT>Index Entry</TH><TH ALIGN=LEFT> Section</TH></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_A"></A>A</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX458"><CODE>abort (C-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX459"><CODE>abort (C-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX334"><CODE>accept-line (Newline or Return)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX460"><CODE>abort (C-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX335"><CODE>accept-line (Newline or Return)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX500"><CODE>alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX336"><CODE>accept-line (Newline or Return)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX501"><CODE>alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX502"><CODE>alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_B"></A>B</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX324"><CODE>backward-char (C-b)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC106">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX325"><CODE>backward-char (C-b)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC106">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX362"><CODE>backward-delete-char (Rubout)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX326"><CODE>backward-char (C-b)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC106">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX363"><CODE>backward-delete-char (Rubout)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX384"><CODE>backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX364"><CODE>backward-delete-char (Rubout)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX385"><CODE>backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX3
92"><CODE>backward-kill-word (M-<KBD>DEL</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX3
86"><CODE>backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX393"><CODE>backward-kill-word (M-<KBD>DEL</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX328"><CODE>backward-word (M-b)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC106">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX394"><CODE>backward-kill-word (M-<KBD>DEL</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX329"><CODE>backward-word (M-b)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC106">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX340"><CODE>beginning-of-history (M-&#60;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX330"><CODE>backward-word (M-b)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC106">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX341"><CODE>beginning-of-history (M-&#60;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX318"><CODE>beginning-of-line (C-a)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC106">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX342"><CODE>beginning-of-history (M-&#60;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX319"><CODE>beginning-of-line (C-a)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC106">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX320"><CODE>beginning-of-line (C-a)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC106">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_C"></A>C</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX454"><CODE>call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX455"><CODE>call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX378"><CODE>capitalize-word (M-c)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX456"><CODE>call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX379"><CODE>capitalize-word (M-c)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX474"><CODE>character-search (C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX380"><CODE>capitalize-word (M-c)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX475"><CODE>character-search (C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX476"><CODE>character-search
-backward (M-C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX476"><CODE>character-search
(C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX477"><CODE>character-search-backward (M-C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX330"><CODE>clear-screen (C-l)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC106">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX478"><CODE>character-search-backward (M-C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX331"><CODE>clear-screen (C-l)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC106">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX416"><CODE>complete (<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX332"><CODE>clear-screen (C-l)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC106">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX417"><CODE>complete (<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
42"><CODE>complete-command (M-!)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
18"><CODE>complete (<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX443"><CODE>complete-command (M-!)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
26"><CODE>complete-filename (M-/)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
44"><CODE>complete-command (M-!)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX427"><CODE>complete-filename (M-/)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
38"><CODE>complete-hostname (M-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
28"><CODE>complete-filename (M-/)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX439"><CODE>complete-hostname (M-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX44
8"><CODE>complete-into-braces (M-{)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX44
0"><CODE>complete-hostname (M-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX449"><CODE>complete-into-braces (M-{)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
30"><CODE>complete-username (M-~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
50"><CODE>complete-into-braces (M-{)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX431"><CODE>complete-username (M-~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX43
4"><CODE>complete-variable (M-$)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX43
2"><CODE>complete-username (M-~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX435"><CODE>complete-variable (M-$)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX404"><CODE>copy-backward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX436"><CODE>complete-variable (M-$)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX405"><CODE>copy-backward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX406"><CODE>copy-
forward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX406"><CODE>copy-
backward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX407"><CODE>copy-forward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX40
2"><CODE>copy-region-as-kill ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX40
8"><CODE>copy-forward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX403"><CODE>copy-region-as-kill ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX404"><CODE>copy-region-as-kill ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_D"></A>D</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX360"><CODE>delete-char (C-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX361"><CODE>delete-char (C-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX424"><CODE>delete-char-or-list ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX362"><CODE>delete-char (C-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX425"><CODE>delete-char-or-list ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX398"><CODE>delete-horizontal-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX426"><CODE>delete-char-or-list ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX399"><CODE>delete-horizontal-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX412"><CODE>digit-argument (<KBD>M-0</KBD>, <KBD>M-1</KBD>, <small>...</small> <KBD>M--</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX400"><CODE>delete-horizontal-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX413"><CODE>digit-argument (<KBD>M-0</KBD>, <KBD>M-1</KBD>, <small>...</small> <KBD>M--</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX492"><CODE>display-shell-version (C-x C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX414"><CODE>digit-argument (<KBD>M-0</KBD>, <KBD>M-1</KBD>, <small>...</small> <KBD>M--</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX493"><CODE>display-shell-version (C-x C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
60"><CODE>do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-<VAR>x</VAR>, <small>...</small>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
94"><CODE>display-shell-version (C-x C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX461"><CODE>do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-<VAR>x</VAR>, <small>...</small>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX376"><CODE>downcase-word (M-l)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX462"><CODE>do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-<VAR>x</VAR>, <small>...</small>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX377"><CODE>downcase-word (M-l)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX480"><CODE>dump-functions ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX378"><CODE>downcase-word (M-l)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX481"><CODE>dump-functions ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX48
4"><CODE>dump-macros ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX48
2"><CODE>dump-functions ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX485"><CODE>dump-macros ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX48
2"><CODE>dump-variables ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX48
6"><CODE>dump-macros ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX483"><CODE>dump-variables ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX446"><CODE>dynamic-complete-history (M-<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX484"><CODE>dump-variables ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX447"><CODE>dynamic-complete-history (M-<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX448"><CODE>dynamic-complete-history (M-<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_E"></A>E</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX508"><CODE>edit-and-execute-command (C-xC-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX509"><CODE>edit-and-execute-command (C-xC-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX452"><CODE>end-kbd-macro (C-x ))</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX510"><CODE>edit-and-execute-command (C-xC-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX453"><CODE>end-kbd-macro (C-x ))</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX342"><CODE>end-of-history (M-&#62;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX454"><CODE>end-kbd-macro (C-x ))</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX343"><CODE>end-of-history (M-&#62;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX320"><CODE>end-of-line (C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC106">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX344"><CODE>end-of-history (M-&#62;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX321"><CODE>end-of-line (C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC106">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX472"><CODE>exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX322"><CODE>end-of-line (C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC106">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX473"><CODE>exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX474"><CODE>exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_F"></A>F</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX364"><CODE>forward-backward-delete-char ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX365"><CODE>forward-backward-delete-char ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX322"><CODE>forward-char (C-f)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC106">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX366"><CODE>forward-backward-delete-char ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX323"><CODE>forward-char (C-f)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC106">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX346"><CODE>forward-search-history (C-s)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX324"><CODE>forward-char (C-f)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC106">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX347"><CODE>forward-search-history (C-s)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX326"><CODE>forward-word (M-f)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC106">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX348"><CODE>forward-search-history (C-s)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX327"><CODE>forward-word (M-f)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC106">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX328"><CODE>forward-word (M-f)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC106">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_G"></A>G</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX486"><CODE>glob-complete-word (M-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX487"><CODE>glob-complete-word (M-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX488"><CODE>glob-
expand-word (C-x *)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX488"><CODE>glob-
complete-word (M-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX489"><CODE>glob-expand-word (C-x *)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX490"><CODE>glob-
list-expansions (C-x g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX490"><CODE>glob-
expand-word (C-x *)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX491"><CODE>glob-list-expansions (C-x g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX492"><CODE>glob-list-expansions (C-x g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_H"></A>H</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX502"><CODE>history-and-alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX503"><CODE>history-and-alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
496"><CODE>history-expand-line (M-^)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
504"><CODE>history-and-alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX497"><CODE>history-expand-line (M-^)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX354"><CODE>history-search-backward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX498"><CODE>history-expand-line (M-^)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX355"><CODE>history-search-backward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX35
2"><CODE>history-search-forward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX35
6"><CODE>history-search-backward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX353"><CODE>history-search-forward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX354"><CODE>history-search-forward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_I"></A>I</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX478"><CODE>insert-comment (M-#)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX479"><CODE>insert-comment (M-#)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX420"><CODE>insert-completions (M-*)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX480"><CODE>insert-comment (M-#)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX421"><CODE>insert-completions (M-*)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX504"><CODE>insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX422"><CODE>insert-completions (M-*)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX505"><CODE>insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX506"><CODE>insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_K"></A>K</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX382"><CODE>kill-line (C-k)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX383"><CODE>kill-line (C-k)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
400"><CODE>kill-region ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
384"><CODE>kill-line (C-k)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX401"><CODE>kill-region ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
388"><CODE>kill-whole-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
402"><CODE>kill-region ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX389"><CODE>kill-whole-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX390"><CODE>kill-w
ord (M-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX390"><CODE>kill-w
hole-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX391"><CODE>kill-word (M-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX392"><CODE>kill-word (M-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_M"></A>M</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX498"><CODE>magic-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX499"><CODE>magic-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX422"><CODE>menu-complete ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX500"><CODE>magic-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX423"><CODE>menu-complete ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX424"><CODE>menu-complete ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_N"></A>N</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX338"><CODE>next-history (C-n)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX339"><CODE>next-history (C-n)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX3
50"><CODE>non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX3
40"><CODE>next-history (C-n)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX351"><CODE>non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX3
48"><CODE>non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX3
52"><CODE>non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX349"><CODE>non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX350"><CODE>non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_O"></A>O</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX506"><CODE>operate-and-get-next (C-o)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX507"><CODE>operate-and-get-next (C-o)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX380"><CODE>overwrite-mode ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX508"><CODE>operate-and-get-next (C-o)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX381"><CODE>overwrite-mode ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX382"><CODE>overwrite-mode ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_P"></A>P</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX444"><CODE>possible-command-completions (C-x !)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX445"><CODE>possible-command-completions (C-x !)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
18"><CODE>possible-completions (M-?)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
46"><CODE>possible-command-completions (C-x !)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX419"><CODE>possible-completions (M-?)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX42
8"><CODE>possible-filename-completions (C-x /)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX42
0"><CODE>possible-completions (M-?)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX429"><CODE>possible-filename-completions (C-x /)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
40"><CODE>possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
30"><CODE>possible-filename-completions (C-x /)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX441"><CODE>possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
32"><CODE>possible-username-completions (C-x ~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
42"><CODE>possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX433"><CODE>possible-username-completions (C-x ~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX43
6"><CODE>possible-variable-completions (C-x $)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX43
4"><CODE>possible-username-completions (C-x ~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX437"><CODE>possible-variable-completions (C-x $)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX462"><CODE>prefix-meta (<KBD>ESC</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX438"><CODE>possible-variable-completions (C-x $)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX463"><CODE>prefix-meta (<KBD>ESC</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX336"><CODE>previous-history (C-p)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX464"><CODE>prefix-meta (<KBD>ESC</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX337"><CODE>previous-history (C-p)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX338"><CODE>previous-history (C-p)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_Q"></A>Q</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX366"><CODE>quoted-insert (C-q or C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX367"><CODE>quoted-insert (C-q or C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX368"><CODE>quoted-insert (C-q or C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_R"></A>R</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX456"><CODE>re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX457"><CODE>re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX332"><CODE>redraw-current-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC106">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX458"><CODE>re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX333"><CODE>redraw-current-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC106">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX344"><CODE>reverse-search-history (C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX334"><CODE>redraw-current-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC106">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX345"><CODE>reverse-search-history (C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX466"><CODE>revert-line (M-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX346"><CODE>reverse-search-history (C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX467"><CODE>revert-line (M-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX468"><CODE>revert-line (M-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_S"></A>S</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX368"><CODE>self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, <small>...</small>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX369"><CODE>self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, <small>...</small>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX470"><CODE>set-mark (C-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX370"><CODE>self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, <small>...</small>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX471"><CODE>set-mark (C-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
94"><CODE>shell-expand-line (M-C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
72"><CODE>set-mark (C-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX495"><CODE>shell-expand-line (M-C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX450"><CODE>start-kbd-macro (C-x ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX496"><CODE>shell-expand-line (M-C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX451"><CODE>start-kbd-macro (C-x ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX452"><CODE>start-kbd-macro (C-x ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_T"></A>T</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX468"><CODE>tilde-expand (M-&#38;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX469"><CODE>tilde-expand (M-&#38;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX370"><CODE>transpose-chars (C-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX470"><CODE>tilde-expand (M-&#38;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX371"><CODE>transpose-chars (C-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX372"><CODE>transpose-
words (M-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX372"><CODE>transpose-
chars (C-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX373"><CODE>transpose-words (M-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX374"><CODE>transpose-words (M-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_U"></A>U</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX464"><CODE>undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX465"><CODE>undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX414"><CODE>universal-argument ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX466"><CODE>undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX415"><CODE>universal-argument ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX396"><CODE>unix-filename-rubout ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX416"><CODE>universal-argument ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX397"><CODE>unix-filename-rubout ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX3
86"><CODE>unix-line-discard (C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX3
98"><CODE>unix-filename-rubout ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX387"><CODE>unix-line-discard (C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX3
94"><CODE>unix-word-rubout (C-w)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX3
88"><CODE>unix-line-discard (C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX395"><CODE>unix-word-rubout (C-w)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX374"><CODE>upcase-word (M-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX396"><CODE>unix-word-rubout (C-w)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX375"><CODE>upcase-word (M-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX376"><CODE>upcase-word (M-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_Y"></A>Y</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX408"><CODE>yank (C-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX409"><CODE>yank (C-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX358"><CODE>yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX410"><CODE>yank (C-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX359"><CODE>yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX3
56"><CODE>yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX3
60"><CODE>yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX357"><CODE>yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX410"><CODE>yank-pop (M-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX358"><CODE>yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC107">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX411"><CODE>yank-pop (M-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX412"><CODE>yank-pop (M-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
</TABLE><P></P><table><tr><th valign=top>Jump to: </th><td><A HREF="bashref.html#fn_A" style="text-decoration:none"><b>A</b></A>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="cp_H"></A>H</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC119">history builtins</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC119">9.2 Bash History Builtins</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX51
5">history events</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC121">9.3.1 Event Designators</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX51
7">history events</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC121">9.3.1 Event Designators</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC120">history expansion</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC120">9.3 History Expansion</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC118">history list</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC118">9.1 Bash History Facilities</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX51
2">History, how to use</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX51
4">History, how to use</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="cp_I"></A>I</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX11">identifier</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC4">2. Definitions</A></TD></TR>
<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="bashref.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<H1>About this document</H1>
-This document was generated by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>March, 4 2008</I>
+This document was generated by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>April, 8 2008</I>
using <A HREF="http://www.mathematik.uni-kl.de/~obachman/Texi2html
"><I>texi2html</I></A>
<P></P>
<BR>
<FONT SIZE="-1">
This document was generated
-by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>March, 4 2008</I>
+by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>April, 8 2008</I>
using <A HREF="http://www.mathematik.uni-kl.de/~obachman/Texi2html
"><I>texi2html</I></A>
-This is bashref.info, produced by makeinfo version 4.8 from
-/Users/chet/src/bash/src/doc/bashref.texi.
+This is bashref.info, produced by makeinfo version 4.11 from
+/usr/homes/chet/src/bash/src/doc/bashref.texi.
- This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
-the Bash shell (version 3.2, 22 February 2008).
+This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
+the Bash shell (version 3.2, 5 April 2008).
- This is Edition 3.2, last updated 22 February 2008, of `The GNU Bash
+ This is Edition 3.2, last updated 5 April 2008, of `The GNU Bash
Reference Manual', for `Bash', Version 3.2.
Copyright (C) 1988-2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
*************
This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
-the Bash shell (version 3.2, 22 February 2008).
+the Bash shell (version 3.2, 5 April 2008).
- This is Edition 3.2, last updated 22 February 2008, of `The GNU Bash
+ This is Edition 3.2, last updated 5 April 2008, of `The GNU Bash
Reference Manual', for `Bash', Version 3.2.
Bash contains features that appear in other popular shells, and some
Invoking Bash::), or from the user's terminal.
2. Breaks the input into words and operators, obeying the quoting
- rules described in *Note Quoting::. These tokens are separated by
+ rules described in *note Quoting::. These tokens are separated by
`metacharacters'. Alias expansion is performed by this step
(*note Aliases::).
waits for each command to terminate in turn. The return status is the
exit status of the last command executed.
- The control operators `&&' and `||' denote AND lists and OR lists,
-respectively. An AND list has the form
+ AND and OR lists are sequences of one or more pipelines separated by
+the control operators `&&' and `||', respectively. AND and OR lists
+are executed with left associativity.
+
+ An AND list has the form
COMMAND1 && COMMAND2
COMMAND2 is executed if, and only if, COMMAND1 returns an exit status
`case' will selectively execute the COMMAND-LIST corresponding to
the first PATTERN that matches WORD. If the shell option
- `nocasematch' (see the description of `shopt' in *Note The Shopt
+ `nocasematch' (see the description of `shopt' in *note The Shopt
Builtin::) is enabled, the match is performed without regard to
the case of alphabetic characters. The `|' is used to separate
multiple patterns, and the `)' operator terminates a pattern list.
Return a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the
conditional expression EXPRESSION. Expressions are composed of
- the primaries described below in *Note Bash Conditional
+ the primaries described below in *note Bash Conditional
Expressions::. Word splitting and filename expansion are not
performed on the words between the `[[' and `]]'; tilde expansion,
parameter and variable expansion, arithmetic expansion, command
When the `==' and `!=' operators are used, the string to the right
of the operator is considered a pattern and matched according to
- the rules described below in *Note Pattern Matching::. If the
+ the rules described below in *note Pattern Matching::. If the
shell option `nocasematch' (see the description of `shopt' in
- *Note The Shopt Builtin::) is enabled, the match is performed
+ *note The Shopt Builtin::) is enabled, the match is performed
without regard to the case of alphabetic characters. The return
value is 0 if the string matches (`==') or does not match
(`!=')the pattern, and 1 otherwise. Any part of the pattern may
the string matches the pattern, and 1 otherwise. If the regular
expression is syntactically incorrect, the conditional
expression's return value is 2. If the shell option `nocasematch'
- (see the description of `shopt' in *Note The Shopt Builtin::) is
+ (see the description of `shopt' in *note The Shopt Builtin::) is
enabled, the match is performed without regard to the case of
alphabetic characters. Any part of the pattern may be quoted to
force it to be matched as a string. Substrings matched by
number, or one of the special characters listed below. A VARIABLE is a
parameter denoted by a `name'. A variable has a VALUE and zero or more
ATTRIBUTES. Attributes are assigned using the `declare' builtin command
-(see the description of the `declare' builtin in *Note Bash Builtins::).
+(see the description of the `declare' builtin in *note Bash Builtins::).
A parameter is set if it has been assigned a value. The null string
is a valid value. Once a variable is set, it may be unset only by using
matching a file name, the slash character must always be matched
explicitly. In other cases, the `.' character is not treated specially.
- See the description of `shopt' in *Note The Shopt Builtin::, for a
+ See the description of `shopt' in *note The Shopt Builtin::, for a
description of the `nocaseglob', `nullglob', `failglob', and `dotglob'
options.
1. If the command name contains no slashes, the shell attempts to
locate it. If there exists a shell function by that name, that
- function is invoked as described in *Note Shell Functions::.
+ function is invoked as described in *note Shell Functions::.
2. If the name does not match a function, the shell searches for it
in the list of shell builtins. If a match is found, that builtin
directory containing an executable file by that name. Bash uses a
hash table to remember the full pathnames of executable files to
avoid multiple `PATH' searches (see the description of `hash' in
- *Note Bourne Shell Builtins::). A full search of the directories
+ *note Bourne Shell Builtins::). A full search of the directories
in `$PATH' is performed only if the command is not found in the
hash table. If the search is unsuccessful, the shell prints an
error message and returns an exit status of 127.
5. If this execution fails because the file is not in executable
format, and the file is not a directory, it is assumed to be a
- SHELL SCRIPT and the shell executes it as described in *Note Shell
+ SHELL SCRIPT and the shell executes it as described in *note Shell
Scripts::.
6. If the command was not begun asynchronously, the shell waits for
The environment for any simple command or function may be augmented
temporarily by prefixing it with parameter assignments, as described in
-*Note Shell Parameters::. These assignment statements affect only the
+*note Shell Parameters::. These assignment statements affect only the
environment seen by that command.
If the `-k' option is set (*note The Set Builtin::), then all
reinitializes itself, so that the effect is as if a new shell had been
invoked to interpret the script, with the exception that the locations
of commands remembered by the parent (see the description of `hash' in
-*Note Bourne Shell Builtins::) are retained by the child.
+*note Bourne Shell Builtins::) are retained by the child.
Most versions of Unix make this a part of the operating system's
command execution mechanism. If the first line of a script begins with
`['
Evaluate a conditional expression EXPR. Each operator and operand
must be a separate argument. Expressions are composed of the
- primaries described below in *Note Bash Conditional Expressions::.
+ primaries described below in *note Bash Conditional Expressions::.
`test' does not accept any options, nor does it accept and ignore
an argument of `--' as signifying the end of options.
of aliases on the standard output in a form that allows them to be
reused as input. If arguments are supplied, an alias is defined
for each NAME whose VALUE is given. If no VALUE is given, the name
- and value of the alias is printed. Aliases are described in *Note
+ and value of the alias is printed. Aliases are described in *note
Aliases::.
`bind'
given, then display the values of variables instead.
The `-p' option will display the attributes and values of each
- NAME. When `-p' is used, additional options are ignored. The
- `-F' option inhibits the display of function definitions; only the
- function name and attributes are printed. If the `extdebug' shell
- option is enabled using `shopt' (*note The Shopt Builtin::), the
- source file name and line number where the function is defined are
- displayed as well. `-F' implies `-f'. The following options can
- be used to restrict output to variables with the specified
+ NAME. When `-p' is used with NAME arguments, additional options
+ are ignored.
+
+ When `-p' is supplied without NAME arguments, `declare' will
+ display the attributes and values of all variables having the
+ attributes specified by the additional options. If no other
+ options are supplied with `-p', `declare' will display the
+ attributes and values of all shell variables. The `-f' option
+ will restrict the display to shell functions.
+
+ The `-F' option inhibits the display of function definitions; only
+ the function name and attributes are printed. If the `extdebug'
+ shell option is enabled using `shopt' (*note The Shopt Builtin::),
+ the source file name and line number where the function is defined
+ are displayed as well. `-F' implies `-f'. The following options
+ can be used to restrict output to variables with the specified
attributes or to give variables attributes:
`-a'
let EXPRESSION [EXPRESSION]
The `let' builtin allows arithmetic to be performed on shell
variables. Each EXPRESSION is evaluated according to the rules
- given below in *Note Shell Arithmetic::. If the last EXPRESSION
+ given below in *note Shell Arithmetic::. If the last EXPRESSION
evaluates to 0, `let' returns 1; otherwise 0 is returned.
`local'
success, non-zero on failure.
`read'
- read [-ers] [-a ANAME] [-d DELIM] [-n NCHARS] [-p PROMPT] [-t TIMEOUT] [-u FD] [NAME ...]
+ read [-ers] [-a ANAME] [-d DELIM] [-i TEXT] [-n NCHARS] [-p PROMPT] [-t TIMEOUT] [-u FD] [NAME ...]
One line is read from the standard input, or from the file
descriptor FD supplied as an argument to the `-u' option, and the
first word is assigned to the first NAME, the second word to the
Readline (*note Command Line Editing::) is used to obtain the
line.
+ `-i TEXT'
+ If Readline is being used to read the line, TEXT is placed
+ into the editing buffer before editing begins.
+
`-n NCHARS'
`read' returns after reading NCHARS characters rather than
waiting for a complete line of input.
builtin command.
`ulimit'
- ulimit [-acdefilmnpqrstuvxSH] [LIMIT]
+ ulimit [-abcdefilmnpqrstuvxHST] [LIMIT]
`ulimit' provides control over the resources available to processes
started by the shell, on systems that allow such control. If an
option is given, it is interpreted as follows:
`-a'
All current limits are reported.
+ `-b'
+ The maximum socket buffer size.
+
`-c'
The maximum size of core files created.
`-x'
The maximum number of file locks.
+ `-T'
+ The maximum number of threads.
+
If LIMIT is given, it is the new value of the specified resource;
the special LIMIT values `hard', `soft', and `unlimited' stand for
unalias [-a] [NAME ... ]
Remove each NAME from the list of aliases. If `-a' is supplied,
- all aliases are removed. Aliases are described in *Note Aliases::.
+ all aliases are removed. Aliases are described in *note Aliases::.
\1f
Same as `-H'.
`history'
- Enable command history, as described in *Note Bash
+ Enable command history, as described in *note Bash
History Facilities::. This option is on by default in
interactive shells.
`expand_aliases'
If set, aliases are expanded as described below under Aliases,
- *Note Aliases::. This option is enabled by default for
+ *note Aliases::. This option is enabled by default for
interactive shells.
`extdebug'
When Bash is not executing in POSIX mode, these builtins behave no
differently than the rest of the Bash builtin commands. The Bash POSIX
-mode is described in *Note Bash POSIX Mode::.
+mode is described in *note Bash POSIX Mode::.
These are the POSIX special builtins:
break : . continue eval exec exit export readonly return set
executed with `.' or `source') is at the top of the stack. When a
subroutine is executed, the number of parameters passed is pushed
onto `BASH_ARGC'. The shell sets `BASH_ARGC' only when in
- extended debugging mode (see *Note The Shopt Builtin:: for a
+ extended debugging mode (see *note The Shopt Builtin:: for a
description of the `extdebug' option to the `shopt' builtin).
`BASH_ARGV'
subroutine call is at the top of the stack; the first parameter of
the initial call is at the bottom. When a subroutine is executed,
the parameters supplied are pushed onto `BASH_ARGV'. The shell
- sets `BASH_ARGV' only when in extended debugging mode (see *Note
+ sets `BASH_ARGV' only when in extended debugging mode (see *note
The Shopt Builtin:: for a description of the `extdebug' option to
the `shopt' builtin).
`--debugger'
Arrange for the debugger profile to be executed before the shell
- starts. Turns on extended debugging mode (see *Note The Shopt
+ starts. Turns on extended debugging mode (see *note The Shopt
Builtin:: for a description of the `extdebug' option to the `shopt'
- builtin) and shell function tracing (see *Note The Set Builtin::
+ builtin) and shell function tracing (see *note The Set Builtin::
for a description of the `-o functrace' option).
`--dump-po-strings'
`-i'
Force the shell to run interactively. Interactive shells are
- described in *Note Interactive Shells::.
+ described in *note Interactive Shells::.
`-l'
Make this shell act as if it had been directly invoked by login.
expanded in file names as described above under Tilde Expansion (*note
Tilde Expansion::).
- Interactive shells are described in *Note Interactive Shells::.
+ Interactive shells are described in *note Interactive Shells::.
Invoked as an interactive login shell, or with `--login'
........................................................
When the shell is running interactively, it changes its behavior in
several ways.
- 1. Startup files are read and executed as described in *Note Bash
+ 1. Startup files are read and executed as described in *note Bash
Startup Files::.
2. Job Control (*note Job Control::) is enabled by default. When job
20. Simple spelling correction for directory arguments to the `cd'
builtin is enabled by default (see the description of the `cdspell'
- option to the `shopt' builtin in *Note The Shopt Builtin::).
+ option to the `shopt' builtin in *note The Shopt Builtin::).
21. The shell will check the value of the `TMOUT' variable and exit if
a command is not read within the specified number of seconds after
on `SIGCHLD' is executed for each child process that exits.
If an attempt to exit Bash is made while jobs are stopped, (or
-running, if the `checkjobs' option is enabled - see *Note The Shopt
+running, if the `checkjobs' option is enabled - see *note The Shopt
Builtin::), the shell prints a warning message, and if the `checkjobs'
option is enabled, lists the jobs and their statuses. The `jobs'
command may then be used to inspect their status. If a second attempt
history line retrieved with `previous-history' or
`next-history'. The default is `off'.
+ `history-size'
+ Set the maximum number of history entries saved in the
+ history list. If set to zero, the number of entries in the
+ history list is not limited.
+
`horizontal-scroll-mode'
This variable can be set to either `on' or `off'. Setting it
to `on' means that the text of the lines being edited will
the function or command has complete freedom in generating the matches.
Any function specified with `-F' is invoked first. The function may
-use any of the shell facilities, including the `compgen' builtin
-described below (*note Programmable Completion Builtins::), to generate
-the matches. It must put the possible completions in the `COMPREPLY'
-array variable.
+use any of the shell facilities, including the `compgen' and `compopt'
+builtins described below (*note Programmable Completion Builtins::), to
+generate the matches. It must put the possible completions in the
+`COMPREPLY' array variable.
Next, any command specified with the `-C' option is invoked in an
environment equivalent to command substitution. It should print a list
for a NAME for which no specification exists, or an error occurs
adding a completion specification.
-
+`compopt'
+ `compopt' [-o OPTION] [+o OPTION] [NAME]
+ Modify completion options for each NAME according to the OPTIONs,
+ or for the currently-execution completion if no NAMEs are supplied.
+ If no OPTIONs are given, display the completion options for each
+ NAME or the current completion. The possible values of OPTION are
+ those valid for the `complete' builtin described above.
+
+ The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied, an
+ attempt is made to modify the options for a NAME for which no
+ completion specification exists, or an output error occurs.
+
+
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Using History Interactively, Next: Installing Bash, Prev: Command Line Editing, Up: Top
`--enable-brace-expansion'
Include `csh'-like brace expansion ( `b{a,b}c' ==> `bac bbc' ).
- See *Note Brace Expansion::, for a complete description.
+ See *note Brace Expansion::, for a complete description.
`--enable-command-timing'
Include support for recognizing `time' as a reserved word and for
`--enable-disabled-builtins'
Allow builtin commands to be invoked via `builtin xxx' even after
- `xxx' has been disabled using `enable -n xxx'. See *Note Bash
+ `xxx' has been disabled using `enable -n xxx'. See *note Bash
Builtins::, for details of the `builtin' and `enable' builtin
commands.
`--enable-extended-glob'
Include support for the extended pattern matching features
- described above under *Note Pattern Matching::.
+ described above under *note Pattern Matching::.
`--enable-help-builtin'
Include the `help' builtin, which displays help on shell builtins
`--enable-prompt-string-decoding'
Turn on the interpretation of a number of backslash-escaped
characters in the `$PS1', `$PS2', `$PS3', and `$PS4' prompt
- strings. See *Note Printing a Prompt::, for a complete list of
+ strings. See *note Printing a Prompt::, for a complete list of
prompt string escape sequences.
`--enable-readline'
`--enable-restricted'
Include support for a "restricted shell". If this is enabled,
- Bash, when called as `rbash', enters a restricted mode. See *Note
+ Bash, when called as `rbash', enters a restricted mode. See *note
The Restricted Shell::, for a description of restricted mode.
`--enable-select'
the `bind' builtin.
* Bash provides a programmable word completion mechanism (*note
- Programmable Completion::), and two builtin commands, `complete'
- and `compgen', to manipulate it.
+ Programmable Completion::), and builtin commands `complete',
+ `compgen', and `compopt', to manipulate it.
* Bash has command history (*note Bash History Facilities::) and the
`history' and `fc' builtins to manipulate it. The Bash history
* The SVR4.2 `sh' uses a `TIMEOUT' variable like Bash uses `TMOUT'.
-More features unique to Bash may be found in *Note Bash Features::.
+More features unique to Bash may be found in *note Bash Features::.
B.1 Implementation Differences From The SVR4.2 Shell
====================================================
(line 10)
* complete: Programmable Completion Builtins.
(line 28)
+* compopt: Programmable Completion Builtins.
+ (line 210)
* continue: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 55)
* declare: Bash Builtins. (line 136)
(line 7)
* disown: Job Control Builtins.
(line 83)
-* echo: Bash Builtins. (line 193)
-* enable: Bash Builtins. (line 245)
+* echo: Bash Builtins. (line 202)
+* enable: Bash Builtins. (line 254)
* eval: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 63)
* exec: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 103)
* hash: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 145)
-* help: Bash Builtins. (line 273)
+* help: Bash Builtins. (line 282)
* history: Bash History Builtins.
(line 39)
* jobs: Job Control Builtins.
(line 25)
* kill: Job Control Builtins.
(line 57)
-* let: Bash Builtins. (line 282)
-* local: Bash Builtins. (line 289)
-* logout: Bash Builtins. (line 299)
+* let: Bash Builtins. (line 291)
+* local: Bash Builtins. (line 298)
+* logout: Bash Builtins. (line 308)
* popd: Directory Stack Builtins.
(line 37)
-* printf: Bash Builtins. (line 303)
+* printf: Bash Builtins. (line 312)
* pushd: Directory Stack Builtins.
(line 58)
* pwd: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 163)
-* read: Bash Builtins. (line 328)
+* read: Bash Builtins. (line 337)
* readonly: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 172)
* return: Bourne Shell Builtins.
* shift: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 200)
* shopt: The Shopt Builtin. (line 9)
-* source: Bash Builtins. (line 389)
+* source: Bash Builtins. (line 402)
* suspend: Job Control Builtins.
(line 94)
* test: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 280)
* trap: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 285)
-* type: Bash Builtins. (line 393)
-* typeset: Bash Builtins. (line 424)
-* ulimit: Bash Builtins. (line 430)
+* type: Bash Builtins. (line 406)
+* typeset: Bash Builtins. (line 437)
+* ulimit: Bash Builtins. (line 443)
* umask: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 326)
-* unalias: Bash Builtins. (line 510)
+* unalias: Bash Builtins. (line 529)
* unset: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 343)
* wait: Job Control Builtins.
* HISTIGNORE: Bash Variables. (line 261)
* history-preserve-point: Readline Init File Syntax.
(line 96)
+* history-size: Readline Init File Syntax.
+ (line 102)
* HISTSIZE: Bash Variables. (line 280)
* HISTTIMEFORMAT: Bash Variables. (line 284)
* HOME: Bourne Shell Variables.
(line 13)
* horizontal-scroll-mode: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 102)
+ (line 107)
* HOSTFILE: Bash Variables. (line 293)
* HOSTNAME: Bash Variables. (line 304)
* HOSTTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 307)
(line 18)
* IGNOREEOF: Bash Variables. (line 310)
* input-meta: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 109)
+ (line 114)
* INPUTRC: Bash Variables. (line 320)
* isearch-terminators: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 116)
+ (line 121)
* keymap: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 123)
+ (line 128)
* LANG: Bash Variables. (line 324)
* LC_ALL: Bash Variables. (line 328)
* LC_COLLATE: Bash Variables. (line 332)
* MAILPATH: Bourne Shell Variables.
(line 27)
* mark-modified-lines: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 136)
-* mark-symlinked-directories: Readline Init File Syntax.
(line 141)
-* match-hidden-files: Readline Init File Syntax.
+* mark-symlinked-directories: Readline Init File Syntax.
(line 146)
+* match-hidden-files: Readline Init File Syntax.
+ (line 151)
* meta-flag: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 109)
+ (line 114)
* OLDPWD: Bash Variables. (line 373)
* OPTARG: Bourne Shell Variables.
(line 34)
(line 38)
* OSTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 380)
* output-meta: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 153)
-* page-completions: Readline Init File Syntax.
(line 158)
+* page-completions: Readline Init File Syntax.
+ (line 163)
* PATH: Bourne Shell Variables.
(line 42)
* PIPESTATUS: Bash Variables. (line 383)
* SHELLOPTS: Bash Variables. (line 438)
* SHLVL: Bash Variables. (line 447)
* show-all-if-ambiguous: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 168)
+ (line 173)
* show-all-if-unmodified: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 174)
+ (line 179)
* TEXTDOMAIN: Locale Translation. (line 11)
* TEXTDOMAINDIR: Locale Translation. (line 11)
* TIMEFORMAT: Bash Variables. (line 452)
* TMPDIR: Bash Variables. (line 502)
* UID: Bash Variables. (line 506)
* visible-stats: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 183)
+ (line 188)
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Function Index, Next: Concept Index, Prev: Variable Index, Up: Indexes
* history list: Bash History Facilities.
(line 6)
* History, how to use: Programmable Completion Builtins.
- (line 209)
+ (line 222)
* identifier: Definitions. (line 50)
* initialization file, readline: Readline Init File. (line 6)
* installation: Basic Installation. (line 6)
\1f
Tag Table:
-Node: Top\7f1350
-Node: Introduction\7f3189
-Node: What is Bash?\7f3417
-Node: What is a shell?\7f4530
-Node: Definitions\7f7070
-Node: Basic Shell Features\7f9839
-Node: Shell Syntax\7f11058
-Node: Shell Operation\7f12088
-Node: Quoting\7f13382
-Node: Escape Character\7f14685
-Node: Single Quotes\7f15170
-Node: Double Quotes\7f15518
-Node: ANSI-C Quoting\7f16643
-Node: Locale Translation\7f17599
-Node: Comments\7f18495
-Node: Shell Commands\7f19113
-Node: Simple Commands\7f19879
-Node: Pipelines\7f20510
-Node: Lists\7f22385
-Node: Compound Commands\7f24016
-Node: Looping Constructs\7f24800
-Node: Conditional Constructs\7f27247
-Node: Command Grouping\7f34807
-Node: Shell Functions\7f36286
-Node: Shell Parameters\7f40747
-Node: Positional Parameters\7f43077
-Node: Special Parameters\7f43977
-Node: Shell Expansions\7f46941
-Node: Brace Expansion\7f48866
-Node: Tilde Expansion\7f51192
-Node: Shell Parameter Expansion\7f53543
-Node: Command Substitution\7f61243
-Node: Arithmetic Expansion\7f62576
-Node: Process Substitution\7f63426
-Node: Word Splitting\7f64476
-Node: Filename Expansion\7f66099
-Node: Pattern Matching\7f68239
-Node: Quote Removal\7f71557
-Node: Redirections\7f71852
-Node: Executing Commands\7f79582
-Node: Simple Command Expansion\7f80252
-Node: Command Search and Execution\7f82182
-Node: Command Execution Environment\7f84188
-Node: Environment\7f86987
-Node: Exit Status\7f88647
-Node: Signals\7f90268
-Node: Shell Scripts\7f92236
-Node: Shell Builtin Commands\7f94754
-Node: Bourne Shell Builtins\7f96431
-Node: Bash Builtins\7f113661
-Node: Modifying Shell Behavior\7f133791
-Node: The Set Builtin\7f134136
-Node: The Shopt Builtin\7f142984
-Node: Special Builtins\7f153392
-Node: Shell Variables\7f154371
-Node: Bourne Shell Variables\7f154811
-Node: Bash Variables\7f156792
-Node: Bash Features\7f178164
-Node: Invoking Bash\7f179047
-Node: Bash Startup Files\7f184856
-Node: Interactive Shells\7f189825
-Node: What is an Interactive Shell?\7f190235
-Node: Is this Shell Interactive?\7f190884
-Node: Interactive Shell Behavior\7f191699
-Node: Bash Conditional Expressions\7f194979
-Node: Shell Arithmetic\7f198558
-Node: Aliases\7f201304
-Node: Arrays\7f203876
-Node: The Directory Stack\7f207225
-Node: Directory Stack Builtins\7f207939
-Node: Printing a Prompt\7f210831
-Node: The Restricted Shell\7f213545
-Node: Bash POSIX Mode\7f215377
-Node: Job Control\7f223136
-Node: Job Control Basics\7f223596
-Node: Job Control Builtins\7f228105
-Node: Job Control Variables\7f232432
-Node: Command Line Editing\7f233590
-Node: Introduction and Notation\7f234585
-Node: Readline Interaction\7f236207
-Node: Readline Bare Essentials\7f237398
-Node: Readline Movement Commands\7f239187
-Node: Readline Killing Commands\7f240152
-Node: Readline Arguments\7f242072
-Node: Searching\7f243116
-Node: Readline Init File\7f245302
-Node: Readline Init File Syntax\7f246449
-Node: Conditional Init Constructs\7f258824
-Node: Sample Init File\7f261357
-Node: Bindable Readline Commands\7f264474
-Node: Commands For Moving\7f265681
-Node: Commands For History\7f266542
-Node: Commands For Text\7f269697
-Node: Commands For Killing\7f272370
-Node: Numeric Arguments\7f274512
-Node: Commands For Completion\7f275651
-Node: Keyboard Macros\7f279244
-Node: Miscellaneous Commands\7f279815
-Node: Readline vi Mode\7f285126
-Node: Programmable Completion\7f286040
-Node: Programmable Completion Builtins\7f291858
-Node: Using History Interactively\7f299454
-Node: Bash History Facilities\7f300138
-Node: Bash History Builtins\7f303052
-Node: History Interaction\7f306909
-Node: Event Designators\7f309614
-Node: Word Designators\7f310629
-Node: Modifiers\7f312268
-Node: Installing Bash\7f313672
-Node: Basic Installation\7f314809
-Node: Compilers and Options\7f317501
-Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures\7f318242
-Node: Installation Names\7f319906
-Node: Specifying the System Type\7f320724
-Node: Sharing Defaults\7f321440
-Node: Operation Controls\7f322113
-Node: Optional Features\7f323071
-Node: Reporting Bugs\7f332002
-Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell\7f333196
-Node: GNU Free Documentation License\7f349876
-Node: Indexes\7f372337
-Node: Builtin Index\7f372791
-Node: Reserved Word Index\7f379324
-Node: Variable Index\7f381772
-Node: Function Index\7f392936
-Node: Concept Index\7f399668
+Node: Top\7f1344
+Node: Introduction\7f3175
+Node: What is Bash?\7f3403
+Node: What is a shell?\7f4516
+Node: Definitions\7f7056
+Node: Basic Shell Features\7f9825
+Node: Shell Syntax\7f11044
+Node: Shell Operation\7f12074
+Node: Quoting\7f13368
+Node: Escape Character\7f14671
+Node: Single Quotes\7f15156
+Node: Double Quotes\7f15504
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Loading texinfo [version 2003-02-03.16]: Basics,
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[1]
Chapter 2 [2] [3] Chapter 3 [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10]
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[]@texttt case @textttsl word @texttt in [ [(] @textttsl pat-tern @texttt [| @
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[11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25]
[26] [27] [28] [29] [30] [31] [32] Chapter 4 [33] [34] [35] [36] [37] [38]
[39] [40] [41]
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@texttt emacs-meta[]@textrm , @texttt emacs-ctlx[]@textrm , @texttt vi[]@textr
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.etc.
[42] [43] [44] [45]
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[]@texttt read [-ers] [-a @textttsl aname@texttt ] [-d @textttsl de-lim@texttt
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-[46] [47] [48] [49] [50] [51] [52] [53]
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-[54] [55] [56] Chapter 5 [57] [58] [59] [60] [61] [62] [63] [64] [65] [66]
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Chapter 6 [67] [68]
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[]@texttt bash [long-opt] [-ir] [-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP] [-o @textttsl op-tion@t
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[69] [70]
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[]@textrm When a lo-gin shell ex-its, Bash reads and ex-e-cutes com-mands from
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[71] [72] [73] [74] [75] [76] [77] [78] [79] [80] [81] [82] [83] [84]
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@textrm `@texttt --enable-strict-posix-default[]@textrm '[] to @texttt configur
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Chapter 7 [85] [86] [87] [88] [89]
-(/Users/chet/src/bash/src/lib/readline/doc/rluser.texi Chapter 8 [90] [91]
-[92] [93] [94] [95]
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-[96] [97] [98] [99] [100]
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[101] [102] [103] [104] [105] [106] [107] [108] [109] [110] [111] [112]
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-[115]) (/Users/chet/src/bash/src/lib/readline/doc/hsuser.texi Chapter 9
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[116] [117] [118] [119] [120]) Chapter 10 [121] [122] [123] [124] [125]
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[]@textrm Enable sup-port for large files (@texttt http://www.sas.com/standard
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[126] [127] [128] Appendix A [129] [130] Appendix B [131] [132] [133] [134]
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[144]) Appendix D [145] [146] (./bashref.bts) [147]
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-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)39 b Fb(104)150 688
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y Fe(end-of-line)28 b(\(C-e\))18 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
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-b Fb(103)150 778 y Fe(exchange-point-and-mark)31 b(\(C-x)26
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Fc(.)e(.)e(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)42 b Fb(103)150 1341 y Fe
+(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)42 b Fb(103)150 2082 y Fe
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b(\(M-f\))16 b Fc(.)e(.)e(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
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-(.)f(.)g(.)40 b Fb(111)150 2458 y Fe(history-expand-line)30
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-(.)g(.)49 b Fb(104)150 2637 y Fe(history-search-forward)31
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-(.)h(.)f(.)50 b Fb(104)150 2901 y Fr(I)150 3021 y Fe(insert-comment)29
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y Fe(insert-completions)30 b(\(M-*\))7 b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
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(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
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b(\(\))16 b Fc(.)d(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
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b(\(\))22 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)48
-b Fb(111)150 4317 y Fe(menu-complete)29 b(\(\))19 b Fc(.)12
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b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)45 b Fb(107)150 4581 y
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g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)42 b Fb(104)150 4791 y Fe(non-incremental-forward-searc)q(h-hi)q
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+(.)f(.)42 b Fb(104)150 5405 y Fe(non-incremental-forward-searc)q(h-hi)q
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h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)39
-b Fb(104)150 4968 y Fe(non-incremental-reverse-searc)q(h-hi)q(story)32
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(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)39 b Fb(104)2025
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Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)44 b Fb(105)2025 744
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b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)49
-b Fb(107)2025 1035 y Fe(possible-filename-completions)32
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b(\(C-x)26 b(/\))14 b Fc(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)40 b Fb(108)2025
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(possible-username-completions)32 b(\(C-x)26 b(~\))14
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(possible-variable-completions)32 b(\(C-x)26 b($\))14
-b Fc(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)40 b Fb(108)2025 1384 y Fe(prefix-meta)28
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-Ff(ESC)p 2545 1399 V 2679 1381 a Fg(i)2709 1384 y Fe(\))19
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b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)45 b Fb(109)2025 1471 y Fe(previous-history)
+(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)45 b Fb(109)2025 1608 y Fe(previous-history)
29 b(\(C-p\))10 b Fc(.)k(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
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Fc(.)13 b(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)44
-b Fb(105)2025 2091 y Fr(R)2025 2207 y Fe(re-read-init-file)29
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-(.)h(.)f(.)36 b Fb(109)2025 2294 y Fe(redraw-current-line)30
+(.)h(.)f(.)36 b Fb(109)2025 2556 y Fe(redraw-current-line)30
b(\(\))10 b Fc(.)j(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)36 b Fb(103)2025 2382 y Fe
+(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)36 b Fb(103)2025 2651 y Fe
(reverse-search-history)30 b(\(C-r\))21 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)46 b Fb(104)2025 2469 y Fe(revert-line)28
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b(\(M-r\))18 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)44 b
-Fb(109)2025 2711 y Fr(S)2025 2827 y Fe(self-insert)28
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b(\(a,)e(b,)g(A,)g(1,)g(!,)g(...)q(\))12 b Fc(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)38 b Fb(105)2025 2914 y Fe(set-mark)27
+(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)38 b Fb(105)2025 3257 y Fe(set-mark)27
b(\(C-@\))c Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)48
-b Fb(109)2025 3001 y Fe(shell-expand-line)29 b(\(M-C-e\))d
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-b Fb(110)2025 3088 y Fe(start-kbd-macro)29 b(\(C-x)d(\(\))16
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b Fc(.)d(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)42 b Fb(108)2025 3330 y Fr(T)2025 3446 y Fe(tilde-expand)28
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b(\(M-&\))16 b Fc(.)e(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)42 b Fb(109)2025
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(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)38
-b Fb(105)2025 3621 y Fe(transpose-words)29 b(\(M-t\))12
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b Fc(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
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(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)40
-b Fb(109)2025 4076 y Fe(universal-argument)29 b(\(\))12
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b Fc(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
-g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)38 b Fb(107)2025 4163 y Fe(unix-filename-rubout)30
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b(\(\))9 b Fc(.)k(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)35 b Fb(106)2025 4251 y Fe(unix-line-discard)29
+(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)35 b Fb(106)2025 4765 y Fe(unix-line-discard)29
b(\(C-u\))9 b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)35 b Fb(106)2025 4338 y Fe(unix-word-rubout)29
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b(\(C-w\))10 b Fc(.)k(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)36 b Fb(106)2025 4425 y Fe(upcase-word)28
+(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)36 b Fb(106)2025 4955 y Fe(upcase-word)28
b(\(M-u\))18 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)44 b
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b Fc(.)j(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
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+b Fb(107)2025 5476 y Fe(yank-last-arg)28 b(\(M-.)f(or)f(M-_\))18
b Fc(.)13 b(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-44 b Fb(104)2025 4968 y Fe(yank-nth-arg)28 b(\(M-C-y\))13
+44 b Fb(104)2025 5571 y Fe(yank-nth-arg)28 b(\(M-C-y\))13
b Fc(.)h(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
-g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)39 b Fb(104)2025 5055 y Fe(yank-pop)27
+g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)39 b Fb(104)2025 5667 y Fe(yank-pop)27
b(\(M-y\))c Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)48
b Fb(107)p eop end
Readline initialization file (@pxref{Readline Init File}),
but each binding or command must be passed as a separate argument; e.g.,
@samp{"\C-x\C-r":re-read-init-file}.
+
Options, if supplied, have the following meanings:
@table @code
@item help
@btindex help
@example
-help [-s] [@var{pattern}]
+help [-dms] [@var{pattern}]
@end example
Display helpful information about builtin commands.
If @var{pattern} is specified, @code{help} gives detailed help
on all commands matching @var{pattern}, otherwise a list of
the builtins is printed.
-The @option{-s} option restricts the information displayed to a short
-usage synopsis.
+
+Options, if supplied, have the following meanings:
+
+@table @code
+@item -d
+Display a short description of each @var{pattern}
+@item -m
+Display the description of each @var{pattern} in a manpage-like format
+@item -s
+Display only a short usage synopsis for each @var{pattern}
+@end table
+
The return status is zero unless no command matches @var{pattern}.
@item let
Exit a login shell, returning a status of @var{n} to the shell's
parent.
+@item mapfile
+@btindex mapfile
+@example
+mapfile [-n @var{count}] [-O @var{origin}] [-s @var{count}] [-t] [-u @var{fd}] [
+-C @var{callback}] [-c @var{quantum}] [@var{array}]
+@end example
+Read lines from the standard input into array variable @var{array},
+or from file descriptor @var{fd}
+if the @option{-u} option is supplied.
+The variable @code{MAPFILE} is the default @var{array}.
+Options, if supplied, have the following meanings:
+@table @code
+
+@item -n
+Copy at most @var{count} lines. If @var{count} is 0, all lines are copied.
+@item -O
+Begin assigning to @var{array} at index @var{origin}.
+The default index is 0.
+@item -s
+Discard the first @var{count} lines read.
+@item -t
+Remove a trailing line from each line read.
+@item -u
+Read lines from file descriptor @var{fd} instead of the standard input.
+@item -C
+Evaluate @var{callback} each time @var{quantum}P lines are read.
+The @option{-c} option specifies @var{quantum}.
+@item -c
+Specify the number of lines read between each call to @var{callback}.
+@end table
+
+If @option{-C} is specified without @option{-c},
+the default quantum is 5000.
+
+If not supplied with an explicit origin, @code{mapfile} will clear @var{array}
+before assigning to it.
+
+@code{mapfile} returns successfully unless an invalid option or option
+argument is supplied, or @var{array} is invalid or unassignable.
+
@item printf
@btindex printf
@example
If the @option{-f} option is used, @code{type} does not attempt to find
shell functions, as with the @code{command} builtin.
-The return status is zero if any of the @var{names} are found, non-zero
-if none are found.
+The return status is zero if all of the @var{names} are found, non-zero
+if any are not found.
@item typeset
@btindex typeset
Readline initialization file (@pxref{Readline Init File}),
but each binding or command must be passed as a separate argument; e.g.,
@samp{"\C-x\C-r":re-read-init-file}.
+
Options, if supplied, have the following meanings:
@table @code
@item help
@btindex help
@example
-help [-s] [@var{pattern}]
+help [-dms] [@var{pattern}]
@end example
Display helpful information about builtin commands.
If @var{pattern} is specified, @code{help} gives detailed help
on all commands matching @var{pattern}, otherwise a list of
the builtins is printed.
-The @option{-s} option restricts the information displayed to a short
-usage synopsis.
+
+Options, if supplied, have the following meanings:
+
+@table @code
+@item -d
+Display a short description of each @var{pattern}
+@item -m
+Display the description of each @var{pattern} in a manpage-like format
+@item -s
+Display only a short usage synopsis for each @var{pattern}
+@end table
+
The return status is zero unless no command matches @var{pattern}.
@item let
@item read
@btindex read
@example
-read [-ers] [-a @var{aname}] [-d @var{delim}] [-n @var{nchars}] [-p @var{prompt}] [-t @var{timeout}] [-u @var{fd}] [@var{name} @dots{}]
+read [-ers] [-a @var{aname}] [-d @var{delim}] [-i @var{text}] [-n @var{nchars}] [-p @var{prompt}] [-t @var{timeout}] [-u @var{fd}] [@var{name} @dots{}]
@end example
One line is read from the standard input, or from the file descriptor
@var{fd} supplied as an argument to the @option{-u} option, and the first word
@item -e
Readline (@pxref{Command Line Editing}) is used to obtain the line.
+@item -i @var{text}
+If Readline is being used to read the line, @var{text} is placed into
+the editing buffer before editing begins.
+
@item -n @var{nchars}
@code{read} returns after reading @var{nchars} characters rather than
waiting for a complete line of input.
If the @option{-f} option is used, @code{type} does not attempt to find
shell functions, as with the @code{command} builtin.
-The return status is zero if any of the @var{names} are found, non-zero
-if none are found.
+The return status is zero if all of the @var{names} are found, non-zero
+if any are not found.
@item typeset
@btindex typeset
\secentry{Bash Builtin Commands}{4}{2}{41}
\secentry{Modifying Shell Behavior}{4}{3}{49}
\subsecentry{The Set Builtin}{4}{3}{1}{49}
-\subsecentry{The Shopt Builtin}{4}{3}{2}{52}
+\subsecentry{The Shopt Builtin}{4}{3}{2}{53}
\secentry{Special Builtins}{4}{4}{57}
\chapentry{Shell Variables}{5}{59}
\secentry{Bourne Shell Variables}{5}{1}{59}
\secentry{Index of Shell Reserved Words}{D}{2}{149}
\secentry{Parameter and Variable Index}{D}{3}{149}
\secentry{Function Index}{D}{4}{151}
-\secentry{Concept Index}{D}{5}{152}
+\secentry{Concept Index}{D}{5}{153}
\entry{enable-keypad}{96}{\code {enable-keypad}}
\entry{expand-tilde}{96}{\code {expand-tilde}}
\entry{history-preserve-point}{96}{\code {history-preserve-point}}
+\entry{history-size}{96}{\code {history-size}}
\entry{horizontal-scroll-mode}{96}{\code {horizontal-scroll-mode}}
\entry{input-meta}{96}{\code {input-meta}}
\entry{meta-flag}{96}{\code {meta-flag}}
\entry{output-meta}{97}{\code {output-meta}}
\entry{page-completions}{97}{\code {page-completions}}
\entry{show-all-if-ambiguous}{97}{\code {show-all-if-ambiguous}}
-\entry{show-all-if-unmodified}{97}{\code {show-all-if-unmodified}}
+\entry{show-all-if-unmodified}{98}{\code {show-all-if-unmodified}}
\entry{visible-stats}{98}{\code {visible-stats}}
\entry {\code {HISTFILESIZE}}{63}
\entry {\code {HISTIGNORE}}{63}
\entry {\code {history-preserve-point}}{96}
+\entry {\code {history-size}}{96}
\entry {\code {HISTSIZE}}{64}
\entry {\code {HISTTIMEFORMAT}}{64}
\entry {\code {HOME}}{59}
\entry {\code {SHELLOPTS}}{66}
\entry {\code {SHLVL}}{66}
\entry {\code {show-all-if-ambiguous}}{97}
-\entry {\code {show-all-if-unmodified}}{97}
+\entry {\code {show-all-if-unmodified}}{98}
\initial {T}
\entry {\code {TEXTDOMAIN}}{7}
\entry {\code {TEXTDOMAINDIR}}{7}
for a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be for which no specification exists, or an error occurs
adding a completion specification.
+ c\bco\bom\bmp\bpo\bop\bpt\bt [-\b-o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [+\b+o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be]
+ Modify completion options for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be according to the
+ _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bns, or for the currently-execution completion if no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes
+ are supplied. If no _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bns are given, display the completion
+ options for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be or the current completion. The possible
+ values of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn are those valid for the c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be builtin
+ described above.
+
+ The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied, an
+ attempt is made to modify the options for a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be for which no comple-
+ tion specification exists, or an output error occurs.
+
c\bco\bon\bnt\bti\bin\bnu\bue\be [_\bn]
Resume the next iteration of the enclosing f\bfo\bor\br, w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be, u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl, or
- s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt loop. If _\bn is specified, resume at the _\bnth enclosing
- loop. _\bn must be >= 1. If _\bn is greater than the number of
- enclosing loops, the last enclosing loop (the ``top-level''
+ s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt loop. If _\bn is specified, resume at the _\bnth enclosing
+ loop. _\bn must be >= 1. If _\bn is greater than the number of
+ enclosing loops, the last enclosing loop (the ``top-level''
loop) is resumed. The return value is 0 unless the shell is not
executing a loop when c\bco\bon\bnt\bti\bin\bnu\bue\be is executed.
d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be [-\b-a\baf\bfF\bFi\bir\brt\btx\bx] [-\b-p\bp] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be] ...]
t\bty\byp\bpe\bes\bse\bet\bt [-\b-a\baf\bfF\bFi\bir\brt\btx\bx] [-\b-p\bp] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be] ...]
- Declare variables and/or give them attributes. If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes are
- given then display the values of variables. The -\b-p\bp option will
- display the attributes and values of each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. When -\b-p\bp is
- used, additional options are ignored. The -\b-F\bF option inhibits
- the display of function definitions; only the function name and
- attributes are printed. If the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg shell option is enabled
- using s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt, the source file name and line number where the
- function is defined are displayed as well. The -\b-F\bF option
- implies -\b-f\bf. The following options can be used to restrict out-
- put to variables with the specified attribute or to give vari-
- ables attributes:
+ Declare variables and/or give them attributes. If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes are
+ given then display the values of variables. The -\b-p\bp option will
+ display the attributes and values of each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. When -\b-p\bp is used
+ with _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments, additional options are ignored. When -\b-p\bp is
+ supplied without _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments, it will display the attributes
+ and values of all variables having the attributes specified by
+ the additional options. If no other options are supplied with
+ -\b-p\bp, d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be will display the attributes and values of all shell
+ variables. The -\b-f\bf option will restrict the display to shell
+ functions. The -\b-F\bF option inhibits the display of function defi-
+ nitions; only the function name and attributes are printed. If
+ the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg shell option is enabled using s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt, the source
+ file name and line number where the function is defined are dis-
+ played as well. The -\b-F\bF option implies -\b-f\bf. The following
+ options can be used to restrict output to variables with the
+ specified attribute or to give variables attributes:
-\b-a\ba Each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is an array variable (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs above).
-\b-f\bf Use function names only.
-\b-i\bi The variable is treated as an integer; arithmetic evalua-
occurs while reading the name of the current directory or an
invalid option is supplied.
- r\bre\bea\bad\bd [-\b-e\ber\brs\bs] [-\b-a\ba _\ba_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [-\b-d\bd _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm] [-\b-n\bn _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs] [-\b-p\bp _\bp_\br_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bt] [-\b-t\bt _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt]
- [-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
+ r\bre\bea\bad\bd [-\b-e\ber\brs\bs] [-\b-a\ba _\ba_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [-\b-d\bd _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm] [-\b- _\bt_\be_\bx_\bt] [-\b-n\bn _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs] [-\b-p\bp _\bp_\br_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bt] [-\b-t\bt
+ _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt] [-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
One line is read from the standard input, or from the file
descriptor _\bf_\bd supplied as an argument to the -\b-u\bu option, and the
first word is assigned to the first _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, the second word to the
input line, rather than newline.
-\b-e\be If the standard input is coming from a terminal, r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be
(see R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE above) is used to obtain the line.
+ -\b-i\bi _\bt_\be_\bx_\bt
+ If r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used to read the line, _\bt_\be_\bx_\bt is
+ placed into the editing buffer before editing begins.
-\b-n\bn _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs
- r\bre\bea\bad\bd returns after reading _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters rather than
+ r\bre\bea\bad\bd returns after reading _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters rather than
waiting for a complete line of input.
-\b-p\bp _\bp_\br_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bt
Display _\bp_\br_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bt on standard error, without a trailing new-
line, before attempting to read any input. The prompt is
displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.
-\b-r\br Backslash does not act as an escape character. The back-
- slash is considered to be part of the line. In particu-
- lar, a backslash-newline pair may not be used as a line
+ slash is considered to be part of the line. In particu-
+ lar, a backslash-newline pair may not be used as a line
continuation.
-\b-s\bs Silent mode. If input is coming from a terminal, charac-
ters are not echoed.
-\b-t\bt _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt
- Cause r\bre\bea\bad\bd to time out and return failure if a complete
- line of input is not read within _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt seconds. This
- option has no effect if r\bre\bea\bad\bd is not reading input from
+ Cause r\bre\bea\bad\bd to time out and return failure if a complete
+ line of input is not read within _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt seconds. This
+ option has no effect if r\bre\bea\bad\bd is not reading input from
the terminal or a pipe.
-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd Read input from file descriptor _\bf_\bd.
If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are supplied, the line read is assigned to the vari-
- able R\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY. The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is
- encountered, r\bre\bea\bad\bd times out, or an invalid file descriptor is
+ able R\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY. The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is
+ encountered, r\bre\bea\bad\bd times out, or an invalid file descriptor is
supplied as the argument to -\b-u\bu.
r\bre\bea\bad\bdo\bon\bnl\bly\by [-\b-a\bap\bpf\bf] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd] ...]
- The given _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are marked readonly; the values of these _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs
- may not be changed by subsequent assignment. If the -\b-f\bf option
- is supplied, the functions corresponding to the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are so
+ The given _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are marked readonly; the values of these _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs
+ may not be changed by subsequent assignment. If the -\b-f\bf option
+ is supplied, the functions corresponding to the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are so
marked. The -\b-a\ba option restricts the variables to arrays. If no
- _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given, or if the -\b-p\bp option is supplied, a
- list of all readonly names is printed. The -\b-p\bp option causes
- output to be displayed in a format that may be reused as input.
- If a variable name is followed by =_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, the value of the vari-
- able is set to _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd. The return status is 0 unless an invalid
- option is encountered, one of the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs is not a valid shell
+ _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given, or if the -\b-p\bp option is supplied, a
+ list of all readonly names is printed. The -\b-p\bp option causes
+ output to be displayed in a format that may be reused as input.
+ If a variable name is followed by =_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, the value of the vari-
+ able is set to _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd. The return status is 0 unless an invalid
+ option is encountered, one of the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs is not a valid shell
variable name, or -\b-f\bf is supplied with a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be that is not a func-
tion.
r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn [_\bn]
- Causes a function to exit with the return value specified by _\bn.
- If _\bn is omitted, the return status is that of the last command
- executed in the function body. If used outside a function, but
- during execution of a script by the .\b. (s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be) command, it
+ Causes a function to exit with the return value specified by _\bn.
+ If _\bn is omitted, the return status is that of the last command
+ executed in the function body. If used outside a function, but
+ during execution of a script by the .\b. (s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be) command, it
causes the shell to stop executing that script and return either
- _\bn or the exit status of the last command executed within the
- script as the exit status of the script. If used outside a
- function and not during execution of a script by .\b., the return
+ _\bn or the exit status of the last command executed within the
+ script as the exit status of the script. If used outside a
+ function and not during execution of a script by .\b., the return
status is false. Any command associated with the R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN trap is
- executed before execution resumes after the function or script.
+ executed before execution resumes after the function or script.
s\bse\bet\bt [-\b--\b-a\bab\bbe\bef\bfh\bhk\bkm\bmn\bnp\bpt\btu\buv\bvx\bxB\bBC\bCE\bEH\bHP\bPT\bT] [-\b-o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
s\bse\bet\bt [+\b+a\bab\bbe\bef\bfh\bhk\bkm\bmn\bnp\bpt\btu\buv\bvx\bxB\bBC\bCE\bEH\bHP\bPT\bT] [+\b+o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
- Without options, the name and value of each shell variable are
+ Without options, the name and value of each shell variable are
displayed in a format that can be reused as input for setting or
resetting the currently-set variables. Read-only variables can-
- not be reset. In _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be, only shell variables are listed.
- The output is sorted according to the current locale. When
- options are specified, they set or unset shell attributes. Any
- arguments remaining after the options are processed are treated
- as values for the positional parameters and are assigned, in
+ not be reset. In _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be, only shell variables are listed.
+ The output is sorted according to the current locale. When
+ options are specified, they set or unset shell attributes. Any
+ arguments remaining after the options are processed are treated
+ as values for the positional parameters and are assigned, in
order, to $\b$1\b1, $\b$2\b2, .\b..\b..\b. $\b$_\bn. Options, if specified, have the fol-
lowing meanings:
- -\b-a\ba Automatically mark variables and functions which are
- modified or created for export to the environment of
+ -\b-a\ba Automatically mark variables and functions which are
+ modified or created for export to the environment of
subsequent commands.
- -\b-b\bb Report the status of terminated background jobs immedi-
+ -\b-b\bb Report the status of terminated background jobs immedi-
ately, rather than before the next primary prompt. This
is effective only when job control is enabled.
- -\b-e\be Exit immediately if a _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR
+ -\b-e\be Exit immediately if a _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR
above) exits with a non-zero status. The shell does not
- exit if the command that fails is part of the command
- list immediately following a w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be or u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl keyword,
- part of the test in an i\bif\bf statement, part of a command
- executed in a &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b| list, any command in a pipeline
- but the last, or if the command's return value is being
- inverted via !\b!. Failing simple commands that are part
- of shell functions or command lists enclosed in braces
- or parentheses satisfying the above conditions do not
+ exit if the command that fails is part of the command
+ list immediately following a w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be or u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl keyword,
+ part of the test in an i\bif\bf statement, part of a command
+ executed in a &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b| list, any command in a pipeline
+ but the last, or if the command's return value is being
+ inverted via !\b!. Failing simple commands that are part
+ of shell functions or command lists enclosed in braces
+ or parentheses satisfying the above conditions do not
cause the shell to exit. A trap on E\bER\bRR\bR, if set, is exe-
cuted before the shell exits.
-\b-f\bf Disable pathname expansion.
- -\b-h\bh Remember the location of commands as they are looked up
+ -\b-h\bh Remember the location of commands as they are looked up
for execution. This is enabled by default.
- -\b-k\bk All arguments in the form of assignment statements are
- placed in the environment for a command, not just those
+ -\b-k\bk All arguments in the form of assignment statements are
+ placed in the environment for a command, not just those
that precede the command name.
- -\b-m\bm Monitor mode. Job control is enabled. This option is
- on by default for interactive shells on systems that
- support it (see J\bJO\bOB\bB C\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL above). Background pro-
- cesses run in a separate process group and a line con-
- taining their exit status is printed upon their comple-
+ -\b-m\bm Monitor mode. Job control is enabled. This option is
+ on by default for interactive shells on systems that
+ support it (see J\bJO\bOB\bB C\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL above). Background pro-
+ cesses run in a separate process group and a line con-
+ taining their exit status is printed upon their comple-
tion.
-\b-n\bn Read commands but do not execute them. This may be used
- to check a shell script for syntax errors. This is
+ to check a shell script for syntax errors. This is
ignored by interactive shells.
-\b-o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
The _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be can be one of the following:
Same as -\b-a\ba.
b\bbr\bra\bac\bce\bee\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd
Same as -\b-B\bB.
- e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs Use an emacs-style command line editing inter-
+ e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs Use an emacs-style command line editing inter-
face. This is enabled by default when the shell
is interactive, unless the shell is started with
the -\b--\b-n\bno\boe\bed\bdi\bit\bti\bin\bng\bg option.
H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY. This option is on by default in inter-
active shells.
i\big\bgn\bno\bor\bre\bee\beo\bof\bf
- The effect is as if the shell command
- ``IGNOREEOF=10'' had been executed (see S\bSh\bhe\bel\bll\bl
+ The effect is as if the shell command
+ ``IGNOREEOF=10'' had been executed (see S\bSh\bhe\bel\bll\bl
V\bVa\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\bes\bs above).
k\bke\bey\byw\bwo\bor\brd\bd Same as -\b-k\bk.
m\bmo\bon\bni\bit\bto\bor\br Same as -\b-m\bm.
p\bph\bhy\bys\bsi\bic\bca\bal\bl
Same as -\b-P\bP.
p\bpi\bip\bpe\bef\bfa\bai\bil\bl
- If set, the return value of a pipeline is the
- value of the last (rightmost) command to exit
- with a non-zero status, or zero if all commands
- in the pipeline exit successfully. This option
+ If set, the return value of a pipeline is the
+ value of the last (rightmost) command to exit
+ with a non-zero status, or zero if all commands
+ in the pipeline exit successfully. This option
is disabled by default.
- p\bpo\bos\bsi\bix\bx Change the behavior of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh where the default
- operation differs from the POSIX standard to
+ p\bpo\bos\bsi\bix\bx Change the behavior of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh where the default
+ operation differs from the POSIX standard to
match the standard (_\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be).
p\bpr\bri\biv\bvi\bil\ble\beg\bge\bed\bd
Same as -\b-p\bp.
v\bvi\bi Use a vi-style command line editing interface.
x\bxt\btr\bra\bac\bce\be Same as -\b-x\bx.
If -\b-o\bo is supplied with no _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, the values of the
- current options are printed. If +\b+o\bo is supplied with no
- _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, a series of s\bse\bet\bt commands to recreate the
- current option settings is displayed on the standard
+ current options are printed. If +\b+o\bo is supplied with no
+ _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, a series of s\bse\bet\bt commands to recreate the
+ current option settings is displayed on the standard
output.
- -\b-p\bp Turn on _\bp_\br_\bi_\bv_\bi_\bl_\be_\bg_\be_\bd mode. In this mode, the $\b$E\bEN\bNV\bV and
- $\b$B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_E\bEN\bNV\bV files are not processed, shell functions are
- not inherited from the environment, and the S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bLO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS
- variable, if it appears in the environment, is ignored.
- If the shell is started with the effective user (group)
- id not equal to the real user (group) id, and the -\b-p\bp
- option is not supplied, these actions are taken and the
+ -\b-p\bp Turn on _\bp_\br_\bi_\bv_\bi_\bl_\be_\bg_\be_\bd mode. In this mode, the $\b$E\bEN\bNV\bV and
+ $\b$B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_E\bEN\bNV\bV files are not processed, shell functions are
+ not inherited from the environment, and the S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bLO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS
+ variable, if it appears in the environment, is ignored.
+ If the shell is started with the effective user (group)
+ id not equal to the real user (group) id, and the -\b-p\bp
+ option is not supplied, these actions are taken and the
effective user id is set to the real user id. If the -\b-p\bp
- option is supplied at startup, the effective user id is
+ option is supplied at startup, the effective user id is
not reset. Turning this option off causes the effective
- user and group ids to be set to the real user and group
+ user and group ids to be set to the real user and group
ids.
-\b-t\bt Exit after reading and executing one command.
-\b-u\bu Treat unset variables as an error when performing param-
- eter expansion. If expansion is attempted on an unset
+ eter expansion. If expansion is attempted on an unset
variable, the shell prints an error message, and, if not
interactive, exits with a non-zero status.
-\b-v\bv Print shell input lines as they are read.
- -\b-x\bx After expanding each _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd, f\bfo\bor\br command, c\bca\bas\bse\be
+ -\b-x\bx After expanding each _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd, f\bfo\bor\br command, c\bca\bas\bse\be
command, s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt command, or arithmetic f\bfo\bor\br command, dis-
- play the expanded value of P\bPS\bS4\b4, followed by the command
+ play the expanded value of P\bPS\bS4\b4, followed by the command
and its expanded arguments or associated word list.
- -\b-B\bB The shell performs brace expansion (see B\bBr\bra\bac\bce\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn
+ -\b-B\bB The shell performs brace expansion (see B\bBr\bra\bac\bce\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn
above). This is on by default.
- -\b-C\bC If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh does not overwrite an existing file with
- the >\b>, >\b>&\b&, and <\b<>\b> redirection operators. This may be
+ -\b-C\bC If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh does not overwrite an existing file with
+ the >\b>, >\b>&\b&, and <\b<>\b> redirection operators. This may be
overridden when creating output files by using the redi-
rection operator >\b>|\b| instead of >\b>.
-\b-E\bE If set, any trap on E\bER\bRR\bR is inherited by shell functions,
- command substitutions, and commands executed in a sub-
- shell environment. The E\bER\bRR\bR trap is normally not inher-
+ command substitutions, and commands executed in a sub-
+ shell environment. The E\bER\bRR\bR trap is normally not inher-
ited in such cases.
-\b-H\bH Enable !\b! style history substitution. This option is on
by default when the shell is interactive.
- -\b-P\bP If set, the shell does not follow symbolic links when
- executing commands such as c\bcd\bd that change the current
+ -\b-P\bP If set, the shell does not follow symbolic links when
+ executing commands such as c\bcd\bd that change the current
working directory. It uses the physical directory
structure instead. By default, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh follows the logical
- chain of directories when performing commands which
+ chain of directories when performing commands which
change the current directory.
- -\b-T\bT If set, any traps on D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN are inherited by
- shell functions, command substitutions, and commands
- executed in a subshell environment. The D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and
+ -\b-T\bT If set, any traps on D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN are inherited by
+ shell functions, command substitutions, and commands
+ executed in a subshell environment. The D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and
R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN traps are normally not inherited in such cases.
- -\b--\b- If no arguments follow this option, then the positional
+ -\b--\b- If no arguments follow this option, then the positional
parameters are unset. Otherwise, the positional parame-
- ters are set to the _\ba_\br_\bgs, even if some of them begin
+ ters are set to the _\ba_\br_\bgs, even if some of them begin
with a -\b-.
- -\b- Signal the end of options, cause all remaining _\ba_\br_\bgs to
+ -\b- Signal the end of options, cause all remaining _\ba_\br_\bgs to
be assigned to the positional parameters. The -\b-x\bx and -\b-v\bv
options are turned off. If there are no _\ba_\br_\bgs, the posi-
tional parameters remain unchanged.
- The options are off by default unless otherwise noted. Using +
- rather than - causes these options to be turned off. The
- options can also be specified as arguments to an invocation of
- the shell. The current set of options may be found in $\b$-\b-. The
+ The options are off by default unless otherwise noted. Using +
+ rather than - causes these options to be turned off. The
+ options can also be specified as arguments to an invocation of
+ the shell. The current set of options may be found in $\b$-\b-. The
return status is always true unless an invalid option is encoun-
tered.
s\bsh\bhi\bif\bft\bt [_\bn]
- The positional parameters from _\bn+1 ... are renamed to $\b$1\b1 .\b..\b..\b..\b.
- Parameters represented by the numbers $\b$#\b# down to $\b$#\b#-_\bn+1 are
- unset. _\bn must be a non-negative number less than or equal to
- $\b$#\b#. If _\bn is 0, no parameters are changed. If _\bn is not given,
- it is assumed to be 1. If _\bn is greater than $\b$#\b#, the positional
- parameters are not changed. The return status is greater than
+ The positional parameters from _\bn+1 ... are renamed to $\b$1\b1 .\b..\b..\b..\b.
+ Parameters represented by the numbers $\b$#\b# down to $\b$#\b#-_\bn+1 are
+ unset. _\bn must be a non-negative number less than or equal to
+ $\b$#\b#. If _\bn is 0, no parameters are changed. If _\bn is not given,
+ it is assumed to be 1. If _\bn is greater than $\b$#\b#, the positional
+ parameters are not changed. The return status is greater than
zero if _\bn is greater than $\b$#\b# or less than zero; otherwise 0.
s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt [-\b-p\bpq\bqs\bsu\bu] [-\b-o\bo] [_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
Toggle the values of variables controlling optional shell behav-
ior. With no options, or with the -\b-p\bp option, a list of all set-
table options is displayed, with an indication of whether or not
- each is set. The -\b-p\bp option causes output to be displayed in a
- form that may be reused as input. Other options have the fol-
+ each is set. The -\b-p\bp option causes output to be displayed in a
+ form that may be reused as input. Other options have the fol-
lowing meanings:
-\b-s\bs Enable (set) each _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.
-\b-u\bu Disable (unset) each _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.
- -\b-q\bq Suppresses normal output (quiet mode); the return status
+ -\b-q\bq Suppresses normal output (quiet mode); the return status
indicates whether the _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is set or unset. If multi-
- ple _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given with -\b-q\bq, the return sta-
- tus is zero if all _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are enabled; non-zero other-
+ ple _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given with -\b-q\bq, the return sta-
+ tus is zero if all _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are enabled; non-zero other-
wise.
- -\b-o\bo Restricts the values of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be to be those defined for
+ -\b-o\bo Restricts the values of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be to be those defined for
the -\b-o\bo option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin.
- If either -\b-s\bs or -\b-u\bu is used with no _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments, the dis-
+ If either -\b-s\bs or -\b-u\bu is used with no _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments, the dis-
play is limited to those options which are set or unset, respec-
- tively. Unless otherwise noted, the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt options are disabled
+ tively. Unless otherwise noted, the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt options are disabled
(unset) by default.
- The return status when listing options is zero if all _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs
- are enabled, non-zero otherwise. When setting or unsetting
- options, the return status is zero unless an _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a
+ The return status when listing options is zero if all _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs
+ are enabled, non-zero otherwise. When setting or unsetting
+ options, the return status is zero unless an _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a
valid shell option.
The list of s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt options is:
- a\bau\but\bto\boc\bcd\bd If set, a command name that is the name of a directory
- is executed as if it were the argument to the c\bcd\bd com-
+ a\bau\but\bto\boc\bcd\bd If set, a command name that is the name of a directory
+ is executed as if it were the argument to the c\bcd\bd com-
mand. This option is only used by interactive shells.
c\bcd\bda\bab\bbl\ble\be_\b_v\bva\bar\brs\bs
- If set, an argument to the c\bcd\bd builtin command that is
- not a directory is assumed to be the name of a variable
+ If set, an argument to the c\bcd\bd builtin command that is
+ not a directory is assumed to be the name of a variable
whose value is the directory to change to.
c\bcd\bds\bsp\bpe\bel\bll\bl If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory com-
- ponent in a c\bcd\bd command will be corrected. The errors
+ ponent in a c\bcd\bd command will be corrected. The errors
checked for are transposed characters, a missing charac-
- ter, and one character too many. If a correction is
- found, the corrected file name is printed, and the com-
- mand proceeds. This option is only used by interactive
+ ter, and one character too many. If a correction is
+ found, the corrected file name is printed, and the com-
+ mand proceeds. This option is only used by interactive
shells.
c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bkh\bha\bas\bsh\bh
If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh checks that a command found in the hash ta-
- ble exists before trying to execute it. If a hashed
- command no longer exists, a normal path search is per-
+ ble exists before trying to execute it. If a hashed
+ command no longer exists, a normal path search is per-
formed.
c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bkj\bjo\bob\bbs\bs
- If set, bash lists the status of any stopped and running
- jobs before exiting an interactive shell. If any jobs
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh lists the status of any stopped and running
+ jobs before exiting an interactive shell. If any jobs
are running, this causes the exit to be deferred until a
- second exit is attempted without an intervening command
- (see J\bJO\bOB\bB C\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL above). The shell always postpones
+ second exit is attempted without an intervening command
+ (see J\bJO\bOB\bB C\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL above). The shell always postpones
exiting if any jobs are stopped.
c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bkw\bwi\bin\bns\bsi\biz\bze\be
- If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh checks the window size after each command
- and, if necessary, updates the values of L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bES\bS and C\bCO\bOL\bL-\b-
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh checks the window size after each command
+ and, if necessary, updates the values of L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bES\bS and C\bCO\bOL\bL-\b-
U\bUM\bMN\bNS\bS.
- c\bcm\bmd\bdh\bhi\bis\bst\bt If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts to save all lines of a multiple-
- line command in the same history entry. This allows
+ c\bcm\bmd\bdh\bhi\bis\bst\bt If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts to save all lines of a multiple-
+ line command in the same history entry. This allows
easy re-editing of multi-line commands.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt3\b31\b1
If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh changes its behavior to that of version 3.1
with respect to quoted arguments to the conditional com-
mand's =~ operator.
- d\bdo\bot\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh includes filenames beginning with a `.' in
+ d\bdo\bot\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh includes filenames beginning with a `.' in
the results of pathname expansion.
e\bex\bxe\bec\bcf\bfa\bai\bil\bl
If set, a non-interactive shell will not exit if it can-
- not execute the file specified as an argument to the
- e\bex\bxe\bec\bc builtin command. An interactive shell does not
+ not execute the file specified as an argument to the
+ e\bex\bxe\bec\bc builtin command. An interactive shell does not
exit if e\bex\bxe\bec\bc fails.
e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd_\b_a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bse\bes\bs
- If set, aliases are expanded as described above under
+ If set, aliases are expanded as described above under
A\bAL\bLI\bIA\bAS\bSE\bES\bS. This option is enabled by default for interac-
tive shells.
e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg
- If set, behavior intended for use by debuggers is
+ If set, behavior intended for use by debuggers is
enabled:
1\b1.\b. The -\b-F\bF option to the d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be builtin displays the
source file name and line number corresponding to
each function name supplied as an argument.
- 2\b2.\b. If the command run by the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap returns a
- non-zero value, the next command is skipped and
+ 2\b2.\b. If the command run by the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap returns a
+ non-zero value, the next command is skipped and
not executed.
- 3\b3.\b. If the command run by the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap returns a
- value of 2, and the shell is executing in a sub-
- routine (a shell function or a shell script exe-
- cuted by the .\b. or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be builtins), a call to
+ 3\b3.\b. If the command run by the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap returns a
+ value of 2, and the shell is executing in a sub-
+ routine (a shell function or a shell script exe-
+ cuted by the .\b. or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be builtins), a call to
r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn is simulated.
- 4\b4.\b. B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGC\bC and B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGV\bV are updated as described
+ 4\b4.\b. B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGC\bC and B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGV\bV are updated as described
in their descriptions above.
- 5\b5.\b. Function tracing is enabled: command substitu-
+ 5\b5.\b. Function tracing is enabled: command substitu-
tion, shell functions, and subshells invoked with
(\b( _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd )\b) inherit the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN traps.
- 6\b6.\b. Error tracing is enabled: command substitution,
- shell functions, and subshells invoked with (\b(
+ 6\b6.\b. Error tracing is enabled: command substitution,
+ shell functions, and subshells invoked with (\b(
_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd )\b) inherit the E\bER\bRR\bRO\bOR\bR trap.
e\bex\bxt\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb If set, the extended pattern matching features described
above under P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn are enabled.
e\bex\bxt\btq\bqu\buo\bot\bte\be
- If set, $\b$'_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg' and $\b$"_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg" quoting is performed
- within $\b${\b{_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br}\b} expansions enclosed in double
+ If set, $\b$'_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg' and $\b$"_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg" quoting is performed
+ within $\b${\b{_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br}\b} expansions enclosed in double
quotes. This option is enabled by default.
f\bfa\bai\bil\blg\bgl\blo\bob\bb
- If set, patterns which fail to match filenames during
+ If set, patterns which fail to match filenames during
pathname expansion result in an expansion error.
f\bfo\bor\brc\bce\be_\b_f\bfi\big\bgn\bno\bor\bre\be
- If set, the suffixes specified by the F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE shell
- variable cause words to be ignored when performing word
+ If set, the suffixes specified by the F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE shell
+ variable cause words to be ignored when performing word
completion even if the ignored words are the only possi-
ble completions. See S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL V\bVA\bAR\bRI\bIA\bAB\bBL\bLE\bES\bS above for a
- description of F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE. This option is enabled by
+ description of F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE. This option is enabled by
default.
g\bgn\bnu\bu_\b_e\ber\brr\brf\bfm\bmt\bt
If set, shell error messages are written in the standard
GNU error message format.
h\bhi\bis\bst\bta\bap\bpp\bpe\ben\bnd\bd
- If set, the history list is appended to the file named
- by the value of the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE variable when the shell
+ If set, the history list is appended to the file named
+ by the value of the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE variable when the shell
exits, rather than overwriting the file.
h\bhi\bis\bst\btr\bre\bee\bed\bdi\bit\bt
- If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, a user is given the
+ If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, a user is given the
opportunity to re-edit a failed history substitution.
h\bhi\bis\bst\btv\bve\ber\bri\bif\bfy\by
- If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, the results of his-
- tory substitution are not immediately passed to the
- shell parser. Instead, the resulting line is loaded
+ If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, the results of his-
+ tory substitution are not immediately passed to the
+ shell parser. Instead, the resulting line is loaded
into the r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be editing buffer, allowing further modi-
fication.
h\bho\bos\bst\btc\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be
If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh will attempt to
- perform hostname completion when a word containing a @\b@
- is being completed (see C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bin\bng\bg under R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE
+ perform hostname completion when a word containing a @\b@
+ is being completed (see C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bin\bng\bg under R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE
above). This is enabled by default.
h\bhu\bup\bpo\bon\bne\bex\bxi\bit\bt
If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh will send S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP to all jobs when an inter-
active login shell exits.
i\bin\bnt\bte\ber\bra\bac\bct\bti\biv\bve\be_\b_c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bts\bs
If set, allow a word beginning with #\b# to cause that word
- and all remaining characters on that line to be ignored
- in an interactive shell (see C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bME\bEN\bNT\bTS\bS above). This
+ and all remaining characters on that line to be ignored
+ in an interactive shell (see C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bME\bEN\bNT\bTS\bS above). This
option is enabled by default.
- l\bli\bit\bth\bhi\bis\bst\bt If set, and the c\bcm\bmd\bdh\bhi\bis\bst\bt option is enabled, multi-line
+ l\bli\bit\bth\bhi\bis\bst\bt If set, and the c\bcm\bmd\bdh\bhi\bis\bst\bt option is enabled, multi-line
commands are saved to the history with embedded newlines
rather than using semicolon separators where possible.
l\blo\bog\bgi\bin\bn_\b_s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl
- The shell sets this option if it is started as a login
- shell (see I\bIN\bNV\bVO\bOC\bCA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN above). The value may not be
+ The shell sets this option if it is started as a login
+ shell (see I\bIN\bNV\bVO\bOC\bCA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN above). The value may not be
changed.
m\bma\bai\bil\blw\bwa\bar\brn\bn
- If set, and a file that b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is checking for mail has
- been accessed since the last time it was checked, the
- message ``The mail in _\bm_\ba_\bi_\bl_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be has been read'' is dis-
+ If set, and a file that b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is checking for mail has
+ been accessed since the last time it was checked, the
+ message ``The mail in _\bm_\ba_\bi_\bl_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be has been read'' is dis-
played.
n\bno\bo_\b_e\bem\bmp\bpt\bty\by_\b_c\bcm\bmd\bd_\b_c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn
- If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh will not
+ If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh will not
attempt to search the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH for possible completions when
completion is attempted on an empty line.
n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\beg\bgl\blo\bob\bb
- If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh matches filenames in a case-insensitive
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh matches filenames in a case-insensitive
fashion when performing pathname expansion (see P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be
E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn above).
n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\bem\bma\bat\btc\bch\bh
- If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh matches patterns in a case-insensitive
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh matches patterns in a case-insensitive
fashion when performing matching while executing c\bca\bas\bse\be or
[\b[[\b[ conditional commands.
n\bnu\bul\bll\blg\bgl\blo\bob\bb
- If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh allows patterns which match no files (see
- P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn above) to expand to a null string,
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh allows patterns which match no files (see
+ P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn above) to expand to a null string,
rather than themselves.
p\bpr\bro\bog\bgc\bco\bom\bmp\bp
If set, the programmable completion facilities (see P\bPr\bro\bo-\b-
enabled by default.
p\bpr\bro\bom\bmp\bpt\btv\bva\bar\brs\bs
If set, prompt strings undergo parameter expansion, com-
- mand substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote
- removal after being expanded as described in P\bPR\bRO\bOM\bMP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bNG\bG
+ mand substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote
+ removal after being expanded as described in P\bPR\bRO\bOM\bMP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bNG\bG
above. This option is enabled by default.
r\bre\bes\bst\btr\bri\bic\bct\bte\bed\bd_\b_s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl
- The shell sets this option if it is started in
+ The shell sets this option if it is started in
restricted mode (see R\bRE\bES\bST\bTR\bRI\bIC\bCT\bTE\bED\bD S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL below). The value
- may not be changed. This is not reset when the startup
- files are executed, allowing the startup files to dis-
+ may not be changed. This is not reset when the startup
+ files are executed, allowing the startup files to dis-
cover whether or not a shell is restricted.
s\bsh\bhi\bif\bft\bt_\b_v\bve\ber\brb\bbo\bos\bse\be
- If set, the s\bsh\bhi\bif\bft\bt builtin prints an error message when
+ If set, the s\bsh\bhi\bif\bft\bt builtin prints an error message when
the shift count exceeds the number of positional parame-
ters.
s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\bep\bpa\bat\bth\bh
If set, the s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be (.\b.) builtin uses the value of P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH to
- find the directory containing the file supplied as an
+ find the directory containing the file supplied as an
argument. This option is enabled by default.
x\bxp\bpg\bg_\b_e\bec\bch\bho\bo
- If set, the e\bec\bch\bho\bo builtin expands backslash-escape
+ If set, the e\bec\bch\bho\bo builtin expands backslash-escape
sequences by default.
s\bsu\bus\bsp\bpe\ben\bnd\bd [-\b-f\bf]
- Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a S\bSI\bIG\bGC\bCO\bON\bNT\bT
- signal. The -\b-f\bf option says not to complain if this is a login
- shell; just suspend anyway. The return status is 0 unless the
+ Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a S\bSI\bIG\bGC\bCO\bON\bNT\bT
+ signal. The -\b-f\bf option says not to complain if this is a login
+ shell; just suspend anyway. The return status is 0 unless the
shell is a login shell and -\b-f\bf is not supplied, or if job control
is not enabled.
t\bte\bes\bst\bt _\be_\bx_\bp_\br
[\b[ _\be_\bx_\bp_\br ]\b]
- Return a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the
- conditional expression _\be_\bx_\bp_\br. Each operator and operand must be
- a separate argument. Expressions are composed of the primaries
- described above under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS. t\bte\bes\bst\bt does not
+ Return a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the
+ conditional expression _\be_\bx_\bp_\br. Each operator and operand must be
+ a separate argument. Expressions are composed of the primaries
+ described above under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS. t\bte\bes\bst\bt does not
accept any options, nor does it accept and ignore an argument of
-\b--\b- as signifying the end of options.
- Expressions may be combined using the following operators,
+ Expressions may be combined using the following operators,
listed in decreasing order of precedence. The evaluation
depends on the number of arguments; see below.
!\b! _\be_\bx_\bp_\br True if _\be_\bx_\bp_\br is false.
(\b( _\be_\bx_\bp_\br )\b)
- Returns the value of _\be_\bx_\bp_\br. This may be used to override
+ Returns the value of _\be_\bx_\bp_\br. This may be used to override
the normal precedence of operators.
_\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b1 -a\ba _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b2
True if both _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b1 and _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b2 are true.
null.
2 arguments
If the first argument is !\b!, the expression is true if and
- only if the second argument is null. If the first argu-
- ment is one of the unary conditional operators listed
- above under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS, the expression is
+ only if the second argument is null. If the first argu-
+ ment is one of the unary conditional operators listed
+ above under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS, the expression is
true if the unary test is true. If the first argument is
not a valid unary conditional operator, the expression is
false.
3 arguments
- If the second argument is one of the binary conditional
+ If the second argument is one of the binary conditional
operators listed above under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS, the
result of the expression is the result of the binary test
- using the first and third arguments as operands. The -\b-a\ba
- and -\b-o\bo operators are considered binary operators when
- there are three arguments. If the first argument is !\b!,
- the value is the negation of the two-argument test using
+ using the first and third arguments as operands. The -\b-a\ba
+ and -\b-o\bo operators are considered binary operators when
+ there are three arguments. If the first argument is !\b!,
+ the value is the negation of the two-argument test using
the second and third arguments. If the first argument is
exactly (\b( and the third argument is exactly )\b), the result
- is the one-argument test of the second argument. Other-
+ is the one-argument test of the second argument. Other-
wise, the expression is false.
4 arguments
If the first argument is !\b!, the result is the negation of
- the three-argument expression composed of the remaining
+ the three-argument expression composed of the remaining
arguments. Otherwise, the expression is parsed and eval-
- uated according to precedence using the rules listed
+ uated according to precedence using the rules listed
above.
5 or more arguments
- The expression is parsed and evaluated according to
+ The expression is parsed and evaluated according to
precedence using the rules listed above.
- t\bti\bim\bme\bes\bs Print the accumulated user and system times for the shell and
+ t\bti\bim\bme\bes\bs Print the accumulated user and system times for the shell and
for processes run from the shell. The return status is 0.
t\btr\bra\bap\bp [-\b-l\blp\bp] [[_\ba_\br_\bg] _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc ...]
- The command _\ba_\br_\bg is to be read and executed when the shell
- receives signal(s) _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc. If _\ba_\br_\bg is absent (and there is a
- single _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc) or -\b-, each specified signal is reset to its
- original disposition (the value it had upon entrance to the
- shell). If _\ba_\br_\bg is the null string the signal specified by each
- _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is ignored by the shell and by the commands it invokes.
- If _\ba_\br_\bg is not present and -\b-p\bp has been supplied, then the trap
- commands associated with each _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc are displayed. If no
- arguments are supplied or if only -\b-p\bp is given, t\btr\bra\bap\bp prints the
- list of commands associated with each signal. The -\b-l\bl option
- causes the shell to print a list of signal names and their cor-
- responding numbers. Each _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is either a signal name
- defined in <_\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\ba_\bl_\b._\bh>, or a signal number. Signal names are
- case insensitive and the SIG prefix is optional. If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc
- is E\bEX\bXI\bIT\bT (0) the command _\ba_\br_\bg is executed on exit from the shell.
- If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG, the command _\ba_\br_\bg is executed before every
+ The command _\ba_\br_\bg is to be read and executed when the shell
+ receives signal(s) _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc. If _\ba_\br_\bg is absent (and there is a
+ single _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc) or -\b-, each specified signal is reset to its
+ original disposition (the value it had upon entrance to the
+ shell). If _\ba_\br_\bg is the null string the signal specified by each
+ _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is ignored by the shell and by the commands it invokes.
+ If _\ba_\br_\bg is not present and -\b-p\bp has been supplied, then the trap
+ commands associated with each _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc are displayed. If no
+ arguments are supplied or if only -\b-p\bp is given, t\btr\bra\bap\bp prints the
+ list of commands associated with each signal. The -\b-l\bl option
+ causes the shell to print a list of signal names and their cor-
+ responding numbers. Each _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is either a signal name
+ defined in <_\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\ba_\bl_\b._\bh>, or a signal number. Signal names are
+ case insensitive and the SIG prefix is optional. If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc
+ is E\bEX\bXI\bIT\bT (0) the command _\ba_\br_\bg is executed on exit from the shell.
+ If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG, the command _\ba_\br_\bg is executed before every
_\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd, _\bf_\bo_\br command, _\bc_\ba_\bs_\be command, _\bs_\be_\bl_\be_\bc_\bt command, every
arithmetic _\bf_\bo_\br command, and before the first command executes in
- a shell function (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR above). Refer to the
- description of the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg option to the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin for
- details of its effect on the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap. If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is E\bER\bRR\bR,
- the command _\ba_\br_\bg is executed whenever a simple command has a
- non-zero exit status, subject to the following conditions. The
- E\bER\bRR\bR trap is not executed if the failed command is part of the
- command list immediately following a w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be or u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl keyword,
- part of the test in an _\bi_\bf statement, part of a command executed
- in a &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b| list, or if the command's return value is being
- inverted via !\b!. These are the same conditions obeyed by the
+ a shell function (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR above). Refer to the
+ description of the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg option to the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin for
+ details of its effect on the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap. If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is E\bER\bRR\bR,
+ the command _\ba_\br_\bg is executed whenever a simple command has a
+ non-zero exit status, subject to the following conditions. The
+ E\bER\bRR\bR trap is not executed if the failed command is part of the
+ command list immediately following a w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be or u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl keyword,
+ part of the test in an _\bi_\bf statement, part of a command executed
+ in a &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b| list, or if the command's return value is being
+ inverted via !\b!. These are the same conditions obeyed by the
e\ber\brr\bre\bex\bxi\bit\bt option. If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN, the command _\ba_\br_\bg is exe-
cuted each time a shell function or a script executed with the .\b.
- or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be builtins finishes executing. Signals ignored upon
- entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset. Trapped signals
+ or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be builtins finishes executing. Signals ignored upon
+ entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset. Trapped signals
that are not being ignored are reset to their original values in
- a child process when it is created. The return status is false
+ a child process when it is created. The return status is false
if any _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is invalid; otherwise t\btr\bra\bap\bp returns true.
t\bty\byp\bpe\be [-\b-a\baf\bft\btp\bpP\bP] _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- With no options, indicate how each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be would be interpreted if
+ With no options, indicate how each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be would be interpreted if
used as a command name. If the -\b-t\bt option is used, t\bty\byp\bpe\be prints a
- string which is one of _\ba_\bl_\bi_\ba_\bs, _\bk_\be_\by_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn, _\bb_\bu_\bi_\bl_\bt_\bi_\bn, or
- _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be if _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is an alias, shell reserved word, function,
- builtin, or disk file, respectively. If the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not found,
- then nothing is printed, and an exit status of false is
- returned. If the -\b-p\bp option is used, t\bty\byp\bpe\be either returns the
+ string which is one of _\ba_\bl_\bi_\ba_\bs, _\bk_\be_\by_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn, _\bb_\bu_\bi_\bl_\bt_\bi_\bn, or
+ _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be if _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is an alias, shell reserved word, function,
+ builtin, or disk file, respectively. If the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not found,
+ then nothing is printed, and an exit status of false is
+ returned. If the -\b-p\bp option is used, t\bty\byp\bpe\be either returns the
name of the disk file that would be executed if _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be were speci-
fied as a command name, or nothing if ``type -t name'' would not
- return _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be. The -\b-P\bP option forces a P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH search for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be,
+ return _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be. The -\b-P\bP option forces a P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH search for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be,
even if ``type -t name'' would not return _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be. If a command is
- hashed, -\b-p\bp and -\b-P\bP print the hashed value, not necessarily the
+ hashed, -\b-p\bp and -\b-P\bP print the hashed value, not necessarily the
file that appears first in P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH. If the -\b-a\ba option is used, t\bty\byp\bpe\be
- prints all of the places that contain an executable named _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.
- This includes aliases and functions, if and only if the -\b-p\bp
- option is not also used. The table of hashed commands is not
- consulted when using -\b-a\ba. The -\b-f\bf option suppresses shell func-
- tion lookup, as with the c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd builtin. t\bty\byp\bpe\be returns true if
+ prints all of the places that contain an executable named _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.
+ This includes aliases and functions, if and only if the -\b-p\bp
+ option is not also used. The table of hashed commands is not
+ consulted when using -\b-a\ba. The -\b-f\bf option suppresses shell func-
+ tion lookup, as with the c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd builtin. t\bty\byp\bpe\be returns true if
any of the arguments are found, false if none are found.
- u\bul\bli\bim\bmi\bit\bt [-\b-S\bSH\bHa\bac\bcd\bde\bef\bfi\bil\blm\bmn\bnp\bpq\bqr\brs\bst\btu\buv\bvx\bx [_\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt]]
- Provides control over the resources available to the shell and
- to processes started by it, on systems that allow such control.
+ u\bul\bli\bim\bmi\bit\bt [-\b-H\bHS\bST\bTa\bab\bbc\bcd\bde\bef\bfi\bil\blm\bmn\bnp\bpq\bqr\brs\bst\btu\buv\bvx\bx [_\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt]]
+ Provides control over the resources available to the shell and
+ to processes started by it, on systems that allow such control.
The -\b-H\bH and -\b-S\bS options specify that the hard or soft limit is set
- for the given resource. A hard limit cannot be increased by a
- non-root user once it is set; a soft limit may be increased up
- to the value of the hard limit. If neither -\b-H\bH nor -\b-S\bS is speci-
+ for the given resource. A hard limit cannot be increased by a
+ non-root user once it is set; a soft limit may be increased up
+ to the value of the hard limit. If neither -\b-H\bH nor -\b-S\bS is speci-
fied, both the soft and hard limits are set. The value of _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt
can be a number in the unit specified for the resource or one of
the special values h\bha\bar\brd\bd, s\bso\bof\bft\bt, or u\bun\bnl\bli\bim\bmi\bit\bte\bed\bd, which stand for the
- current hard limit, the current soft limit, and no limit,
- respectively. If _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt is omitted, the current value of the
- soft limit of the resource is printed, unless the -\b-H\bH option is
+ current hard limit, the current soft limit, and no limit,
+ respectively. If _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt is omitted, the current value of the
+ soft limit of the resource is printed, unless the -\b-H\bH option is
given. When more than one resource is specified, the limit name
and unit are printed before the value. Other options are inter-
preted as follows:
-\b-a\ba All current limits are reported
+ -\b-b\bb The maximum socket buffer size
-\b-c\bc The maximum size of core files created
-\b-d\bd The maximum size of a process's data segment
-\b-e\be The maximum scheduling priority ("nice")
- -\b-f\bf The maximum size of files written by the shell and its
+ -\b-f\bf The maximum size of files written by the shell and its
children
-\b-i\bi The maximum number of pending signals
-\b-l\bl The maximum size that may be locked into memory
-\b-r\br The maximum real-time scheduling priority
-\b-s\bs The maximum stack size
-\b-t\bt The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds
- -\b-u\bu The maximum number of processes available to a single
+ -\b-u\bu The maximum number of processes available to a single
user
- -\b-v\bv The maximum amount of virtual memory available to the
+ -\b-v\bv The maximum amount of virtual memory available to the
shell
-\b-x\bx The maximum number of file locks
+ -\b-T\bT The maximum number of threads
If _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt is given, it is the new value of the specified resource
(the -\b-a\ba option is display only). If no option is given, then -\b-f\bf
- is assumed. Values are in 1024-byte increments, except for -\b-t\bt,
- which is in seconds, -\b-p\bp, which is in units of 512-byte blocks,
- and -\b-n\bn and -\b-u\bu, which are unscaled values. The return status is
- 0 unless an invalid option or argument is supplied, or an error
- occurs while setting a new limit.
+ is assumed. Values are in 1024-byte increments, except for -\b-t\bt,
+ which is in seconds, -\b-p\bp, which is in units of 512-byte blocks,
+ and -\b-T\bT, -\b-b\bb, -\b-n\bn, and -\b-u\bu, which are unscaled values. The return
+ status is 0 unless an invalid option or argument is supplied, or
+ an error occurs while setting a new limit.
u\bum\bma\bas\bsk\bk [-\b-p\bp] [-\b-S\bS] [_\bm_\bo_\bd_\be]
The user file-creation mask is set to _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be. If _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be begins with
- a digit, it is interpreted as an octal number; otherwise it is
- interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that accepted by
- _\bc_\bh_\bm_\bo_\bd(1). If _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be is omitted, the current value of the mask is
- printed. The -\b-S\bS option causes the mask to be printed in sym-
- bolic form; the default output is an octal number. If the -\b-p\bp
+ a digit, it is interpreted as an octal number; otherwise it is
+ interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that accepted by
+ _\bc_\bh_\bm_\bo_\bd(1). If _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be is omitted, the current value of the mask is
+ printed. The -\b-S\bS option causes the mask to be printed in sym-
+ bolic form; the default output is an octal number. If the -\b-p\bp
option is supplied, and _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be is omitted, the output is in a form
that may be reused as input. The return status is 0 if the mode
- was successfully changed or if no _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be argument was supplied,
+ was successfully changed or if no _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be argument was supplied,
and false otherwise.
u\bun\bna\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs [-a\ba] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- Remove each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be from the list of defined aliases. If -\b-a\ba is
- supplied, all alias definitions are removed. The return value
+ Remove each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be from the list of defined aliases. If -\b-a\ba is
+ supplied, all alias definitions are removed. The return value
is true unless a supplied _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a defined alias.
u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt [-f\bfv\bv] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- For each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, remove the corresponding variable or function.
+ For each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, remove the corresponding variable or function.
If no options are supplied, or the -\b-v\bv option is given, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
- refers to a shell variable. Read-only variables may not be
- unset. If -\b-f\bf is specified, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be refers to a shell func-
- tion, and the function definition is removed. Each unset vari-
- able or function is removed from the environment passed to sub-
- sequent commands. If any of R\bRA\bAN\bND\bDO\bOM\bM, S\bSE\bEC\bCO\bON\bND\bDS\bS, L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO, H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCM\bMD\bD,
+ refers to a shell variable. Read-only variables may not be
+ unset. If -\b-f\bf is specified, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be refers to a shell func-
+ tion, and the function definition is removed. Each unset vari-
+ able or function is removed from the environment passed to sub-
+ sequent commands. If any of R\bRA\bAN\bND\bDO\bOM\bM, S\bSE\bEC\bCO\bON\bND\bDS\bS, L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO, H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCM\bMD\bD,
F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE, G\bGR\bRO\bOU\bUP\bPS\bS, or D\bDI\bIR\bRS\bST\bTA\bAC\bCK\bK are unset, they lose their special
- properties, even if they are subsequently reset. The exit sta-
+ properties, even if they are subsequently reset. The exit sta-
tus is true unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is readonly.
w\bwa\bai\bit\bt [_\bn _\b._\b._\b.]
- Wait for each specified process and return its termination sta-
- tus. Each _\bn may be a process ID or a job specification; if a
- job spec is given, all processes in that job's pipeline are
- waited for. If _\bn is not given, all currently active child pro-
- cesses are waited for, and the return status is zero. If _\bn
- specifies a non-existent process or job, the return status is
- 127. Otherwise, the return status is the exit status of the
+ Wait for each specified process and return its termination sta-
+ tus. Each _\bn may be a process ID or a job specification; if a
+ job spec is given, all processes in that job's pipeline are
+ waited for. If _\bn is not given, all currently active child pro-
+ cesses are waited for, and the return status is zero. If _\bn
+ specifies a non-existent process or job, the return status is
+ 127. Otherwise, the return status is the exit status of the
last process or job waited for.
S\bSE\bEE\bE A\bAL\bLS\bSO\bO
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-.25 H 1.264(hem attrib).15 F 3.765(utes. If)-.2 F(no)3.765 E F2(name)
3.765 E F0 3.765(sa)C 1.265(re gi)-3.765 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.765(nt).15 G
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-(wing options can be used to restrict output to v)-.25 F .19
-(ariables with the speci-)-.25 F(\214ed attrib)144 302.4 Q(ute or to gi)
--.2 E .3 -.15(ve v)-.25 H(ariables attrib)-.1 E(utes:)-.2 E F1<ad61>144
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+(option will display the attrib)3.483 F .983(utes and v)-.2 F .982
+(alues of each)-.25 F F2(name)3.482 E F0 5.982(.W).18 G(hen)-5.982 E F1
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+(utes speci\214ed by the)-.2 F .046(additional options.)144 372 R .046
+(If no other options are supplied with)5.046 F F1<ad70>2.547 E F0(,)A F1
+(declar)2.547 E(e)-.18 E F0 .047(will display the attrib)2.547 F .047
+(utes and)-.2 F -.25(va)144 384 S 1.363(lues of all shell v).25 F 3.863
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+E F1<ad46>3.862 E F0 2.422(option inhibits the display of function de\
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+F0 .164(shell option is enabled using)2.664 F F1(shopt)2.664 E F0 2.664
+(,t)C .163(he source \214le name and line number)-2.664 F 1.382
+(where the function is de\214ned are displayed as well.)144 420 R(The)
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+(options can be used to restrict output to v)144 432 R .794
+(ariables with the speci\214ed attrib)-.25 F .793(ute or to gi)-.2 F
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+<ad61>144 456 Q F0(Each)25.3 E F2(name)2.5 E F0(is an array v)2.5 E
(ariable \(see)-.25 E F1(Arrays)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).)
-.15 E F1<ad66>144 326.4 Q F0(Use function names only)26.97 E(.)-.65 E F1
-<ad69>144 338.4 Q F0 .557(The v)27.52 F .558
+.15 E F1<ad66>144 468 Q F0(Use function names only)26.97 E(.)-.65 E F1
+<ad69>144 480 Q F0 .557(The v)27.52 F .558
(ariable is treated as an inte)-.25 F .558(ger; arithmetic e)-.15 F -.25
(va)-.25 G .558(luation \(see).25 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .558
-(ARITHMETIC EV)3.058 F(ALU)-1.215 E(A-)-.54 E(TION \))180 350.4 Q F0
+(ARITHMETIC EV)3.058 F(ALU)-1.215 E(A-)-.54 E(TION \))180 492 Q F0
(is performed when the v)2.25 E(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 E(alue.)
--.25 E F1<ad72>144 362.4 Q F0(Mak)25.86 E(e)-.1 E F2(name)5.047 E F0
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+-.25 E F1<ad72>144 504 Q F0(Mak)25.86 E(e)-.1 E F2(name)5.047 E F0 5.047
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(hese names cannot then be assigned v)-7.547 F 2.546
-(alues by subsequent)-.25 F(assignment statements or unset.)180 374.4 Q
-F1<ad74>144 386.4 Q F0(Gi)26.97 E .729 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(ach).15 E F2
-(name)2.929 E F0(the)2.929 E F2(tr)2.929 E(ace)-.15 E F0(attrib)2.929 E
-2.929(ute. T)-.2 F .429(raced functions inherit the)-.35 F F1(DEB)2.929
-E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.93 E F1(RETURN)2.93 E F0
-(traps from the calling shell.)180 398.4 Q(The trace attrib)5 E
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-410.4 Q F0(Mark)25.3 E F2(name)2.5 E F0 2.5(sf)C(or e)-2.5 E
-(xport to subsequent commands via the en)-.15 E(vironment.)-.4 E .121
-(Using `+' instead of `\255' turns of)144 427.2 R 2.621(ft)-.25 G .121
-(he attrib)-2.621 F .121(ute instead, with the e)-.2 F .12
-(xceptions that)-.15 F F1(+a)2.62 E F0 .12(may not be used)2.62 F 1.236
-(to destro)144 439.2 R 3.736(ya)-.1 G 3.737(na)-3.736 G 1.237(rray v)
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--.18 E 1.437 -.1(ve t)-.1 H 1.237(he r).1 F 1.237(eadonly attrib)-.18 F
-3.737(ute. When)-.2 F 1.237(used in a)3.737 F .312(function, mak)144
-451.2 R .312(es each)-.1 F F2(name)2.812 E F1 .311
+(alues by subsequent)-.25 F(assignment statements or unset.)180 516 Q F1
+<ad74>144 528 Q F0(Gi)26.97 E .729 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(ach).15 E F2(name)
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+(vironment.)-.4 E .121(Using `+' instead of `\255' turns of)144 568.8 R
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+(emo)-.18 E 1.437 -.1(ve t)-.1 H 1.237(he r).1 F 1.237(eadonly attrib)
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(local, as with the local)2.812 F F0 2.811(command. If)2.811 F 2.811(av)
2.811 G .311(ariable name is follo)-3.061 F .311(wed by)-.25 F(=)144
-463.2 Q F2(value)A F0 3.238(,t)C .738(he v)-3.238 F .738(alue of the v)
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-.25 F .738(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(value)3.238 E F0 5.738(.T)C .738
(he return v)-5.738 F .739(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G
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-(encountered, an attempt is made to de\214ne a function using)144 475.2
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R/F5 10/Courier@0 SF .603(\255f foo=bar)3.103 F F0 3.103(,a)C 3.103(na)
--3.103 G .603(ttempt is made to)-3.103 F 1.242(assign a v)144 487.2 R
+-3.103 G .603(ttempt is made to)-3.103 F 1.242(assign a v)144 628.8 R
1.242(alue to a readonly v)-.25 F 1.242
(ariable, an attempt is made to assign a v)-.25 F 1.243
(alue to an array v)-.25 F(ariable)-.25 E 1.386
-(without using the compound assignment syntax \(see)144 499.2 R F1
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(Arrays)3.886 E F0(abo)3.886 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.386(\), one of the).15 F
-F2(names)3.886 E F0 1.386(is not a)3.886 F -.25(va)144 511.2 S .171
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(lid shell v).25 F .171(ariable name, an attempt is made to turn of)-.25
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-(ariable, an)-.25 F .96(attempt is made to turn of)144 523.2 R 3.46(fa)
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-(ariable, or an attempt is made to display a)-.25 F(non-e)144 535.2 Q
-(xistent function with)-.15 E F1<ad66>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(dirs [+)108 552 Q
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(thout options, displays the list of currently remembered directories.)
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-(single line with directory names separated by spaces.)144 576 R 1.238
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(th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.565(wn by)-.25 F F1
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-(without options, starting with zero.)180 612 Q F1<ad>144 624 Q F2(n)A
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(th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.194(wn by)-.25 F
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-(without options, starting with zero.)180 636 Q F1<ad63>144 648 Q F0
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(Clears the directory stack by deleting all of the entries.)25.86 E F1
-<ad6c>144 660 Q F0 .324(Produces a longer listing; the def)27.52 F .324
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--.15(ve)-.25 G .548(n, interpretation of the fol-).15 F(lo)144 237.6 Q
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.053(wing backslash-escaped characters is enabled.)-.25 F(The)5.053 E F1
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--.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E F1(enable)108 446.4 Q F0([)2.5 E
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-(abled; otherwise,)144 494.4 R F2(names)4.082 E F0 1.582(are enabled.)
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F2(\214lename)4.024 E F0 4.024(,o).18 G 4.024(ns)-4.024 G 1.524
-(ystems that support dynamic loading.)-4.024 F(The)144
530.4 Q F1<ad64>
+(ystems that support dynamic loading.)-4.024 F(The)144
667.2 Q F1<ad64>
2.867 E F0 .367(option will delete a b)2.867 F .367(uiltin pre)-.2 F
.367(viously loaded with)-.25 F F1<ad66>2.866 E F0 5.366(.I)C 2.866(fn)
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542.4 R F1<ad70>
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679.2 R F1<ad70>
2.898 E F0 .399(option is supplied, a list of shell b)2.899 F .399
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554.4 R 2.598(uiltins. If)-.2 F F1<ad6e>2.598 E F0 .098
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691.2 R 2.598(uiltins. If)-.2 F F1<ad6e>2.598 E F0 .098
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(If)5.098 E F1<ad61>2.598 E F0 1.916
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(uiltins, with an indication of whether or not each is)-.2 F 2.879
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578.4 R F1<ad73>2.879 E F0 .379
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715.2 R F1<ad73>2.879 E F0 .379
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2.879 E F0 -.2(bu)2.878 G 2.878(iltins. The).2 F .378(return v)2.878 F
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(is not a shell b)3.674 F .994(uiltin or there is an error loading a ne)
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-602.4 Q F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)108 619.2 T(l).15 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37
-E F0(...])2.5 E(The)144 631.2 Q F2(ar)3.171 E(g)-.37 E F0 3.171(sa)C
-.671(re read and concatenated together into a single command.)-3.171 F
-.67(This command is then read)5.67 F .495(and e)144 643.2 R -.15(xe)-.15
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(guments,)-.18 E F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)2.5 H(l).15 E F0(returns 0.)2.5 E F1
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672 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255cl)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad61>-2.5 E F2
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153.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255cl)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad61>-2.5 E F2
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-(ure. An)144 108 R(interacti)2.505 E .305 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .005
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(ect in the current shell, and the return status is 0.).25 F .536
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-(he return status is 1.)-2.5 E F2(exit)108 148.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(n)A F0
+(If there is a redirection)5.536 F(error)144 261.6 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G
+(he return status is 1.)-2.5 E F1(exit)108 278.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0
6.29(]C)C .096(ause the shell to e)-6.29 F .096(xit with a status of)
--.15 F F1(n)2.596 E F0 5.096(.I)C(f)-5.096 E F1(n)2.955 E F0 .095
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(is omitted, the e)2.835 F .095(xit status is that of the last command)
--.15 F -.15(exe)144 160.8 S 2.5(cuted. A).15 F(trap on)2.5 E/F3 9
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/Times-Bold@0 SF(EXIT)2.5 E F0(is e)2.25 E -.15(xe)-.15 G
-(cuted before the shell terminates.).15 E F2(export)108 177.6 Q F0([)2.5
-E F2(\255fn)A F0 2.5(][).833 G F1(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E
-F0(]] ...)A F2(export \255p)108 189.6 Q F0 .256(The supplied)144 201.6 R
-F1(names)3.117 E F0 .257(are mark)3.027 F .257(ed for automatic e)-.1 F
+(cuted before the shell terminates.).15 E F1(export)108 307.2 Q F0([)2.5
+E F1(\255fn)A F0 2.5(][).833 G F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E
+F0(]] ...)A F1(export \255p)108 319.2 Q F0 .256(The supplied)144 331.2 R
+F2(names)3.117 E F0 .257(are mark)3.027 F .257(ed for automatic e)-.1 F
.257(xport to the en)-.15 F .257(vironment of subsequently e)-.4 F -.15
-(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E 2.627(commands. If)144 213.6 R(the)2.627 E F2
+(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E 2.627(commands. If)144 343.2 R(the)2.627 E F1
<ad66>2.627 E F0 .127(option is gi)2.627 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .127(n, the)
-.15 F F1(names)2.987 E F0 .127(refer to functions.)2.897 F .127(If no)
-5.127 F F1(names)2.987 E F0 .127(are gi)2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .126
-(n, or if the).15 F F2<ad70>144 225.6 Q F0 .659
+.15 F F2(names)2.987 E F0 .127(refer to functions.)2.897 F .127(If no)
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+(n, or if the).15 F F1<ad70>144 355.2 Q F0 .659
(option is supplied, a list of all names that are e)3.159 F .66
-(xported in this shell is printed.)-.15 F(The)5.66 E F
2<ad6e>3.16 E F0
-(option)3.16 E 1.587(causes the e)144 237.6 R 1.587
+(xported in this shell is printed.)-.15 F(The)5.66 E F
1<ad6e>3.16 E F0
+(option)3.16 E 1.587(causes the e)144 367.2 R 1.587
(xport property to be remo)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.086(df).15 G 1.586
-(rom each)-4.086 F F1(name)4.086 E F0 6.586(.I)C 4.086(fav)-6.586 G
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-F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 2.803(,t)C .303(he v)-2.803 F .303(alue of the v)
--.25 F .304(ariable is set to)-.25 F F1(wor)2.804 E(d)-.37 E F0(.)A F2
+(rom each)-4.086 F F2(name)4.086 E F0 6.586(.I)C 4.086(fav)-6.586 G
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+-.25 F .304(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)2.804 E(d)-.37 E F0(.)A F1
(export)5.304 E F0 .304(returns an e)2.804 F .304
(xit status of 0 unless an in)-.15 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .294
-(option is encountered, one of the)144 261.6 R F1(names)2.793 E F0 .293
+(option is encountered, one of the)144 391.2 R F2(names)2.793 E F0 .293
(is not a v)2.793 F .293(alid shell v)-.25 F .293(ariable name, or)-.25
-F F2<ad66>2.793 E F0 .293(is supplied with a)2.793 F F1(name)144.36
-273.6 Q F0(that is not a function.)2.68 E F2(fc)108 290.4 Q F0([)2.5 E
-F2<ad65>A F1(ename)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(\255lnr)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1
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-302.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(pat)A F0(=)A F1 -.37(re)C(p).37 E F0 2.5(][)C F1
-(cmd)-2.5 E F0(])A .477(Fix Command.)144 314.4 R .478
-(In the \214rst form, a range of commands from)5.477 F F1<8c72>4.888 E
-(st)-.1 E F0(to)3.658 E F1(last)3.068 E F0 .478
-(is selected from the his-)3.658 F .882(tory list.)144 326.4 R F1 -.45
-(Fi)5.882 G -.1(rs).45 G(t).1 E F0(and)4.062 E F1(last)3.472 E F0 .882
+F F1<ad66>2.793 E F0 .293(is supplied with a)2.793 F F2(name)144.36
+403.2 Q F0(that is not a function.)2.68 E F1(fc)108 420 Q F0([)2.5 E F1
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+432 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(pat)A F0(=)A F2 -.37(re)C(p).37 E F0 2.5(][)C F2
+(cmd)-2.5 E F0(])A .477(Fix Command.)144 444 R .478
+(In the \214rst form, a range of commands from)5.477 F F2<8c72>4.888 E
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+(is selected from the his-)3.658 F .882(tory list.)144 456 R F2 -.45(Fi)
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(may be speci\214ed as a string \(to locate the last command be)4.062 F
.881(ginning with)-.15 F .797(that string\) or as a number \(an inde)144
-338.4 R 3.297(xi)-.15 G .797(nto the history list, where a ne)-3.297 F
+468 R 3.297(xi)-.15 G .797(nto the history list, where a ne)-3.297 F
-.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.097 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .797(umber is used as an)
-.15 F(of)144 350.4 Q .277(fset from the current command number\).)-.25 F
-(If)5.277 E F1(last)2.867 E F0 .276
+.15 F(of)144 480 Q .277(fset from the current command number\).)-.25 F
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(is not speci\214ed it is set to the current command)3.457 F .092
-(for listing \(so that)144 362.4 R/F4 10/Courier@0 SF .092
+(for listing \(so that)144 492 R/F4 10/Courier@0 SF .092
(fc \255l \25510)2.592 F F0 .092(prints the last 10 commands\) and to)
-2.592 F F1<8c72>4.502 E(st)-.1 E F0 2.592(otherwise. If)3.272 F F1<8c72>
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4.502 E(st)-.1 E F0 .093(is not)3.273 F
-(speci\214ed it is set to the pre)144 374.4 Q
-(vious command for editing and \25516 for listing.)-.25 E(The)144 398.4
-
Q F2<ad6e>2.522 E F0 .022
+(speci\214ed it is set to the pre)144 504 Q
+(vious command for editing and \25516 for listing.)-.25 E(The)144 528 Q
(option suppresses the command numbers when listing.)2.522 F(The)5.022 E
-F
2<ad72>2.522 E F0 .022(option re)2.522 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .022
-(rses the order of).15 F .438(the commands.)144 410.4 R .438(If the)
-
5.438 F F2<ad6c>2.938 E F0 .438(option is gi)2.938 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .438
+F
1<ad72>2.522 E F0 .022(option re)2.522 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .022
+(rses the order of).15 F .438(the commands.)144 540 R .438(If the)5.438
+
F F1<ad6c>2.938 E F0 .438(option is gi)2.938 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .438
(n, the commands are listed on standard output.).15 F(Otherwise,)5.438 E
-.335(the editor gi)144 422.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.835(nb).15 G(y)-2.835 E
-F1(ename)3.025 E F0 .335(is in)3.015 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.835
-(do).1 G 2.835(na\214)-2.835 G .335(le containing those commands.)-2.835
-F(If)5.334 E F1(ename)3.024 E F0 .334(is not gi)3.014 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(n,).15 E .63(the v)144 434.4 R .63(alue of the)-.25 F F3(FCEDIT)3.13 E
-F0 -.25(va)2.88 G .631(riable is used, and the v).25 F .631(alue of)-.25
-F F3(EDIT)3.131 E(OR)-.162 E F0(if)2.881 E F3(FCEDIT)3.131 E F0 .631
-(is not set.)2.881 F .631(If nei-)5.631 F 1.884(ther v)144 446.4 R 1.884
+.335(the editor gi)144 552 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.835(nb).15 G(y)-2.835 E F2
+(ename)3.025 E F0 .335(is in)3.015 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.835(do)
+.1 G 2.835(na\214)-2.835 G .335(le containing those commands.)-2.835 F
+(If)5.334 E F2(ename)3.024 E F0 .334(is not gi)3.014 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
+(n,).15 E .63(the v)144 564 R .63(alue of the)-.25 F F3(FCEDIT)3.13 E F0
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(ariable is set, is used.)-.25 F 1.884
(When editing is complete, the edited commands are echoed and)6.884 F
--.15(exe)144 458.4 S(cuted.).15 E .039(In the second form,)144 482.4 R
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-(cuted after each instance of).15 F F1(pat)2.54 E F0 .04(is replaced by)
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-(alias to use with this is)144 494.4 R F4 .406(r='fc \255s')2.906 F F0
+-.15(exe)144 588 S(cuted.).15 E .039(In the second form,)144 612 R F2
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+(cuted after each instance of).15 F F2(pat)2.54 E F0 .04(is replaced by)
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2.906(,s)C 2.906(ot)-2.906 G .406(hat typing)-2.906 F F4 6.406(rc)2.906
G(c)-6.406 E F0 .406(runs the last command be)2.906 F .406(ginning with)
--.15 F F4(cc)144 506.4 Q F0(and typing)2.5 E F4(r)2.5 E F0(re-e)2.5 E
--.15(xe)-.15 G(cutes the last command.).15 E .142
-(If the \214rst form is used, the return v)144 530.4 R .142
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(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .142
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-E F1(last)2.732 E F0 .455(specify history lines out of range.)144 542.4
-
R .454(If the)5.454 F F2<ad65>2.954 E F0 .454
+(lid option is encountered or).25 F F2<8c72>4.552 E(st)-.1 E F0(or)3.322
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.454(If the)5.454 F F1<ad65>2.954 E F0 .454
(option is supplied, the return v)2.954 F .454(alue is the v)-.25 F .454
-(alue of the)-.25 F .787(last command e)144 554.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .787
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(cuted or f).15 F .788
(ailure if an error occurs with the temporary \214le of commands.)-.1 F
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(second form is used, the return status is that of the command re-e)144
-566.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.135(cuted, unless).15 F F1(cmd)3.835 E F0 1.135
-(does not)4.405 F(specify a v)144 578.4 Q
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(is used.)3.117 F .617(The return v)5.617 F .616
-(alue is that of the command placed into the)-.25 F(fore)144 631.2 Q
-.362(ground, or f)-.15 F .362
-(ailure if run when job control is disabled or)-.1 F 2.862(,w)-.4 G .363
-(hen run with job control enabled, if)-2.862 F F1(jobspec)145.74 643.2 Q
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-(as started without job control.)-.1 F F2(getopts)108 660 Q F1
-(optstring name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1(ar)A(gs)-.37 E F0(])A F2(getopts)144
-672 Q F0 .793
-(is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters.)3.293 F F1
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-(characters to be recognized; if a character is follo)144 684 R .149
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(wed by a colon, the option is e)-.25 F .149(xpected to ha)-.15 F .449
--.15(ve a)-.2 H(n).15 E(ar)144 696 Q .578
+-.15(ve a)-.2 H(n).15 E(ar)144 184.8 Q .578
(gument, which should be separated from it by white space.)-.18 F .579
(The colon and question mark char)5.579 F(-)-.2 E 1.665
-(acters may not be used as option characters.)144 708 R 1.665
-(Each time it is in)6.665 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d,).1 E F2(getopts)
+(acters may not be used as option characters.)144 196.8 R 1.665
+(Each time it is in)6.665 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d,).1 E F1(getopts)
4.165 E F0 1.665(places the ne)4.165 F(xt)-.15 E .796
-(option in the shell v)144 720 R(ariable)-.25 E F1(name)3.296 E F0 3.296
-(,i).18 G(nitializing)-3.296 E F1(name)3.657 E F0 .797(if it does not e)
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-.797(he ne)-3.297 F(xt)-.15 E(GNU Bash-3.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735
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-.085(gument to be processed into the v)-.18 F(ariable)-.25 E/F1 9
-/Times-Bold@0 SF(OPTIND)2.585 E/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F1(OPTIND)
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+(if it does not e)3.477 F .797(xist, and the inde)-.15 F 3.297(xo)-.15 G
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+(gument to be processed into the v)-.18 F(ariable)-.25 E/F3 9
+/Times-Bold@0 SF(OPTIND)2.585 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F3(OPTIND)
4.585 E F0 .085(is initialized to 1 each time the shell)2.335 F .845
-(or a shell script is in)144 96 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.345
-(d. When).1 F .845(an option requires an ar)3.345 F(gument,)-.18 E/F3 10
-/Times-Bold@0 SF(getopts)3.346 E F0 .846(places that ar)3.346 F(gument)
--.18 E .804(into the v)144 108 R(ariable)-.25 E F1(OPT)3.304 E(ARG)-.81
-E F2(.)A F0 .803(The shell does not reset)5.304 F F1(OPTIND)3.303 E F0
-.803(automatically; it must be manually)3.053 F .293
-(reset between multiple calls to)144 120 R F3(getopts)2.793 E F0 .293
+(or a shell script is in)144 232.8 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.345
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+(automatically; it must be manually)3.053 F .293
+(reset between multiple calls to)144 256.8 R F1(getopts)2.793 E F0 .293
(within the same shell in)2.793 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .293(cation if a ne).2 F
-2.793(ws)-.25 G .294(et of parameters)-2.793 F(is to be used.)144 132 Q
-2.044(When the end of options is encountered,)144 156 R F3(getopts)4.543
-E F0 -.15(ex)4.543 G 2.043(its with a return v).15 F 2.043
-(alue greater than zero.)-.25 F F3(OPTIND)144 168 Q F0
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+Q 2.044(When the end of options is encountered,)144 292.8 R F1(getopts)
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+(alue greater than zero.)-.25 F F1(OPTIND)144 304.8 Q F0
(is set to the inde)2.5 E 2.5(xo)-.15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G
-(he \214rst non-option ar)-2.5 E(gument, and)-.18 E F3(name)2.5 E F0
-(is set to ?.)2.5 E F3(getopts)144 192 Q F0 2.392
+(he \214rst non-option ar)-2.5 E(gument, and)-.18 E F1(name)2.5 E F0
+(is set to ?.)2.5 E F1(getopts)144 328.8 Q F0 2.392
(normally parses the positional parameters, b)4.892 F 2.392
(ut if more ar)-.2 F 2.393(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.893
-(ni).15 G(n)-4.893 E/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)4.893 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,)
-.27 E F3(getopts)144 204 Q F0(parses those instead.)2.5 E F3(getopts)144
-228 Q F0 1.166(can report errors in tw)3.666 F 3.665(ow)-.1 G 3.665
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3.401 F .902(It returns f)5.902 F .902(alse if the end of)-.1 F
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3<ad74>3.703 E F0 3.703(,t)C(he)
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1<ad74>3.703 E F0 3.703(,t)C(he)
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<ad6c>3.216 E F0 .715(option causes output to be displayed in a format \
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3<ad73>3.096 E F0 .596
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1<ad73>3.096 E F0 .596
(option restricts the information displayed to a short usage synopsis.)
3.096 F(The)5.596 E(return status is 0 unless no command matches)144
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2<ad77>144
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1<ad77>144
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+(Perform history substitution on the follo)24.74 F(wing)-.25 E F2(ar)
3.125 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .626(and display the result on the standard)3.125 F
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E F0 .28
(is set, the time stamp information associated with each history entry)
-2.78 F .539(is written to the history \214le, mark)144 292.8 R .539
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(ed with the history comment character)-.1 F 5.54(.W)-.55 G .54
-(hen the history \214le is)-5.54 F 1.779(read, lines be)144 304.8 R
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1.779(ginning with the history comment character follo)-.15 F 1.778
(wed immediately by a digit are)-.25 F 1.424
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(vious history line.)-.25 F 1.424(The return v)6.424 F 1.424
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340.8 Q(gument to)-.18 E F2<ad64>2.5 E
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-.2 H .194(hanged status since the user w).15 F .194(as last noti-)-.1 F
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-(Restrict output to stopped jobs.)26.41 E(If)144 470.4 Q F3(jobspec)
+(\214ed of their status.)180 561.6 Q F1<ad72>144 573.6 Q F0
+(Restrict output to running jobs.)25.86 E F1<ad73>144 585.6 Q F0
+(Restrict output to stopped jobs.)26.41 E(If)144 602.4 Q F2(jobspec)
4.554 E F0 .314(is gi)3.124 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .314
(n, output is restricted to information about that job).15 F 5.313(.T)
--.4 G .313(he return status is 0 unless)-5.313 F(an in)144 482.4 Q -.25
+-.4 G .313(he return status is 0 unless)-5.313 F(an in)144 614.4 Q -.25
(va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered or an in).25 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25
-E F3(jobspec)4.24 E F0(is supplied.)2.81 E .394(If the)144 499.2 R F2
-<ad78>2.894 E F0 .394(option is supplied,)2.894 F F2(jobs)2.894 E F0
-.394(replaces an)2.894 F(y)-.15 E F3(jobspec)4.634 E F0 .394(found in)
-3.204 F F3(command)3.094 E F0(or)3.664 E F3(ar)3.224 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .395
-(with the corre-)3.164 F(sponding process group ID, and e)144 511.2 Q
--.15(xe)-.15 G(cutes).15 E F3(command)2.7 E F0(passing it)3.27 E F3(ar)
+E F2(jobspec)4.24 E F0(is supplied.)2.81 E .394(If the)144 631.2 R F1
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+(with the corre-)3.164 F(sponding process group ID, and e)144 643.2 Q
+-.15(xe)-.15 G(cutes).15 E F2(command)2.7 E F0(passing it)3.27 E F2(ar)
2.5 E(gs)-.37 E F0 2.5(,r).27 G(eturning its e)-2.5 E(xit status.)-.15 E
-F2(kill)108 528 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad73>A F3(sigspec)2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F2
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-(][)C F3(pid)-2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F3(jobspec)2.5 E F0 2.5(].)C(..)-2.5 E F2
-(kill \255l)108 540 Q F0([)2.5 E F3(sigspec)A F0(|)2.5 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G
-(it_status).2 E F0(])A .12(Send the signal named by)144 552 R F3
-(sigspec)2.96 E F0(or)2.93 E F3(signum)2.96 E F0 .119
-(to the processes named by)2.939 F F3(pid)3.869 E F0(or)3.389 E F3
-(jobspec)2.619 E F0(.).31 E F3(sigspec)5.459 E F0(is)2.929 E .318
-(either a case-insensiti)144 564 R .618 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .318
-(ignal name such as).15 F F1(SIGKILL)2.818 E F0 .319
-(\(with or without the)2.569 F F1(SIG)2.819 E F0 .319
-(pre\214x\) or a signal)2.569 F(number;)144 576 Q F3(signum)4.189 E F0
-1.349(is a signal number)4.169 F 6.349(.I)-.55 G(f)-6.349 E F3(sigspec)
-4.189 E F0 1.349(is not present, then)4.159 F F1(SIGTERM)3.849 E F0
-1.348(is assumed.)3.599 F(An)6.348 E(ar)144 588 Q .522(gument of)-.18 F
-F
2<ad6c>3.023 E F0 .523(lists the signal names.)3.023 F .523(If an)5.523
+F1(kill)108 660 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad73>A F2(sigspec)2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F1
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+(][)C F2(pid)-2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F2(jobspec)2.5 E F0 2.5(].)C(..)-2.5 E F1
+(kill \255l)108 672 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(sigspec)A F0(|)2.5 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G
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+F
1<ad6c>3.023 E F0 .523(lists the signal names.)3.023 F .523(If an)5.523
F 3.023(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-3.023 G .523(uments are supplied when).18 F
-F2<ad6c>3.023 E F0 .523(is gi)3.023 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .523(n, the names)
-.15 F .28(of the signals corresponding to the ar)144 600 R .28
-(guments are listed, and the return status is 0.)-.18 F(The)5.28 E F3
--.2(ex)2.78 G(it_status).2 E F0(ar)144 612 Q .377(gument to)-.18 F F2
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(is a number specifying either a signal number or the e)2.877 F .378
-(xit status of a process termi-)-.15 F .594(nated by a signal.)144 624 R
+(xit status of a process termi-)-.15 F .594(nated by a signal.)144 108 R
F2(kill)5.593 E F0 .593(returns true if at least one signal w)3.093 F
.593(as successfully sent, or f)-.1 F .593(alse if an error)-.1 F
-(occurs or an in)144 636 Q -.25(va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered.).25
-E F2(let)108 652.8 Q F3(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0([)2.5 E F3(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0
-(...])2.5 E(Each)144 664.8 Q F3(ar)3.964 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.134
+(occurs or an in)144 120 Q -.25(va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered.).25
+E F2(let)108 136.8 Q F1(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0([)2.5 E F1(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0
+(...])2.5 E(Each)144 148.8 Q F1(ar)3.964 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.134
(is an arithmetic e)3.854 F 1.134(xpression to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25
-G 1.135(luated \(see).25 F F1 1.135(ARITHMETIC EV)3.635 F(ALU)-1.215 E
--.855(AT)-.54 G(ION).855 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(\).)A F0 1.135(If the)
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-(luates to 0,).25 E F2(let)2.5 E F0(returns 1; 0 is returned otherwise.)
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--2.5 E F0([=)A F3(value)A F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 705.6 S
-2.56(re).15 G .06(ach ar)-2.56 F .06(gument, a local v)-.18 F .06
-(ariable named)-.25 F F3(name)2.92 E F0 .06(is created, and assigned)
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-.06(can be)2.56 F(an)144 717.6 Q 3.152(yo)-.15 G 3.152(ft)-3.152 G .652
-(he options accepted by)-3.152 F F2(declar)3.152 E(e)-.18 E F0 5.652(.W)
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+G 1.135(luated \(see).25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.135(ARITHMETIC EV)
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+(..])-2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 189.6 S 2.56(re).15 G .06(ach ar)-2.56 F .06
+(gument, a local v)-.18 F .06(ariable named)-.25 F F1(name)2.92 E F0 .06
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+-.15 G 3.152(ft)-3.152 G .652(he options accepted by)-3.152 F F2(declar)
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(is used within a function, it causes the v)3.152 F(ari-)-.25 E(able)144
-729.6 Q F3(name)3.721 E F0 .861(to ha)3.541 F 1.161 -.15(ve a v)-.2 H
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.861(isible scope restricted to that function and its children.).15 F
--.4(Wi)5.86 G .86(th no operands,).4 F(GNU Bash-3.0)72 768 Q
-(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(9)203.725 E 0 Cg EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48
-(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10
-/Times-Bold@0 SF(local)144 84 Q F0 1.164(writes a list of local v)3.664
-F 1.165(ariables to the standard output.)-.25 F 1.165
-(It is an error to use)6.165 F F1(local)3.665 E F0 1.165(when not)3.665
-F .233(within a function.)144 96 R .233(The return status is 0 unless)
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-2.912 E(supplied, or)144 108 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0(is a readonly v)2.5 E
-(ariable.)-.25 E F1(logout)108 124.8 Q F0(Exit a login shell.)9.33 E F1
-(popd)108 141.6 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F2(n)A F0
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-(se).15 G .299(ntries from the directory stack.)-2.799 F -.4(Wi)5.299 G
-.299(th no ar).4 F .299(guments, remo)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.799(st).15
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-165.6 R F1(cd)3.979 E F0 1.479(to the ne)3.979 F 3.979(wt)-.25 G 1.479
+-.4(Wi)5.86 G .86(th no operands,).4 F F2(local)144 225.6 Q F0 1.164
+(writes a list of local v)3.664 F 1.165
+(ariables to the standard output.)-.25 F 1.165(It is an error to use)
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+(within a function.)144 237.6 R .233(The return status is 0 unless)5.233
+F F2(local)2.733 E F0 .233(is used outside a function, an in)2.733 F
+-.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F1(name)3.092 E F0(is)2.912 E(supplied, or)144
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+(ntries from the directory stack.)-2.799 F -.4(Wi)5.299 G .299(th no ar)
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(op directory)-3.979 F 6.479(.A)-.65 G -.18(rg)-6.479 G 1.478
(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.778 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.478(he follo).15
-F(wing)-.25 E(meanings:)144 177.6 Q F1<ad6e>144 189.6 Q F0 .551
+F(wing)-.25 E(meanings:)144 319.2 Q F2<ad6e>144 331.2 Q F0 .551
(Suppresses the normal change of directory when remo)24.74 F .551
(ving directories from the stack, so)-.15 F
-(that only the stack is manipulated.)180 201.6 Q F1(+)144 213.6 Q F2(n)A
-F0(Remo)25.3 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.64(st).15 G(he)-2.64 E F2(n)2.64 E F0
+(that only the stack is manipulated.)180 343.2 Q F2(+)144 355.2 Q F1(n)A
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.14(th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B .14(wn by)-.25 F
-F1(dirs)2.64 E F0 2.64(,s)C .14(tarting with zero.)-2.64 F -.15(Fo)180
-225.6 S 2.5(re).15 G(xample:)-2.65 E/F3 10/Courier@0 SF(popd +0)2.5 E F0
+F2(dirs)2.64 E F0 2.64(,s)C .14(tarting with zero.)-2.64 F -.15(Fo)180
+367.2 S 2.5(re).15 G(xample:)-2.65 E/F5 10/Courier@0 SF(popd +0)2.5 E F0
(remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(st).15 G(he \214rst directory)-2.5 E(,)
--.65 E F3(popd +1)2.5 E F0(the second.)2.5 E F1<ad>144 237.6 Q F2(n)A F0
-(Remo)25.3 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.759(st).15 G(he)-3.759 E F2(n)3.759 E F0
+-.65 E F5(popd +1)2.5 E F0(the second.)2.5 E F2<ad>144 379.2 Q F1(n)A F0
+(Remo)25.3 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.759(st).15 G(he)-3.759 E F1(n)3.759 E F0
1.259(th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.26(wn by)-.25
-F F1(dirs)3.76 E F0 3.76(,s)C 1.26(tarting with)-3.76 F 2.5(zero. F)180
-249.6 R(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E F3(popd -0)2.5 E F0(remo)2.5 E -.15
-(ve)-.15 G 2.5(st).15 G(he last directory)-2.5 E(,)-.65 E F3(popd -1)2.5
-E F0(the ne)2.5 E(xt to last.)-.15 E .644(If the)144 266.4 R F1(popd)
-3.144 E F0 .644(command is successful, a)3.144 F F1(dirs)3.143 E F0 .643
-(is performed as well, and the return status is 0.)3.143 F F1(popd)5.643
-E F0 .415(returns f)144 278.4 R .415(alse if an in)-.1 F -.25(va)-.4 G
+F F2(dirs)3.76 E F0 3.76(,s)C 1.26(tarting with)-3.76 F 2.5(zero. F)180
+391.2 R(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E F5(popd -0)2.5 E F0(remo)2.5 E -.15
+(ve)-.15 G 2.5(st).15 G(he last directory)-2.5 E(,)-.65 E F5(popd -1)2.5
+E F0(the ne)2.5 E(xt to last.)-.15 E .644(If the)144 408 R F2(popd)3.144
+E F0 .644(command is successful, a)3.144 F F2(dirs)3.143 E F0 .643
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+E F0 .415(returns f)144 420 R .415(alse if an in)-.1 F -.25(va)-.4 G
.415(lid option is encountered, the directory stack is empty).25 F 2.916
(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-2.916 E .416(xistent direc-)-.15 F
-(tory stack entry is speci\214ed, or the directory change f)144 290.4 Q
-(ails.)-.1 E F1(printf)108 307.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad76>A F2(var)2.5 E F0
-(])A F2(format)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .372
-(Write the formatted)144 319.2 R F2(ar)2.872 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .372
-(to the standard output under the control of the)2.872 F F2(format)2.872
-E F0 5.372(.T)C(he)-5.372 E F2(format)2.872 E F0 1.804(is a character s\
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+(Write the formatted)144 460.8 R F1(ar)2.872 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .372
+(to the standard output under the control of the)2.872 F F1(format)2.872
+E F0 5.372(.T)C(he)-5.372 E F1(format)2.872 E F0 1.804(is a character s\
tring which contains three types of objects: plain characters, which ar\
-e simply)144 331.2 R .159
+e simply)144 472.8 R .159
(copied to standard output, character escape sequences, which are con)
-144 343.2 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .158(rted and copied to the stan-).15 F .499(\
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dard output, and format speci\214cations, each of which causes printing\
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-(gu-)-.37 E(ment)144 367.2 Q F0 5.424(.I)C 2.924(na)-5.424 G .424
-(ddition to the standard)-2.924 F F2(printf)2.924 E F0 .424
-(\(1\) formats,)B F1(%b)2.924 E F0(causes)2.923 E F1(printf)2.923 E F0
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+(gu-)-.37 E(ment)144 508.8 Q F0 5.424(.I)C 2.924(na)-5.424 G .424
+(ddition to the standard)-2.924 F F1(printf)2.924 E F0 .424
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.423(to e)2.923 F .423(xpand backslash escape)-.15 F .976
-(sequences in the corresponding)144 379.2 R F2(ar)3.476 E(gument)-.37 E
-F0(\(e)3.476 E .976(xcept that)-.15 F F1(\\c)3.476 E F0 .976
-(terminates output, backslashes in)3.476 F F1<5c08>3.477 E F0(,)A F1
-(\\")3.477 E F0(,)A(and)144 391.2 Q F1(\\?)3.422 E F0 .922(are not remo)
+(sequences in the corresponding)144 520.8 R F1(ar)3.476 E(gument)-.37 E
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+(\\")3.477 E F0(,)A(and)144 532.8 Q F2(\\?)3.422 E F0 .922(are not remo)
3.422 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .922(d, and octal escapes be).15 F .922
-(ginning with)-.15 F F1(\\0)3.422 E F0 .921
-(may contain up to four digits\), and)3.422 F F1(%q)144 403.2 Q F0
-(causes)3.63 E F1(printf)3.63 E F0 1.13(to output the corresponding)3.63
-F F2(ar)3.631 E(gument)-.37 E F0 1.131
-(in a format that can be reused as shell)3.631 F(input.)144 415.2 Q(The)
-144
439.2 Q F1<ad76>2.904 E F0 .404
+(ginning with)-.15 F F2(\\0)3.422 E F0 .921
+(may contain up to four digits\), and)3.422 F F2(%q)144 544.8 Q F0
+(causes)3.63 E F2(printf)3.63 E F0 1.13(to output the corresponding)3.63
+F F1(ar)3.631 E(gument)-.37 E F0 1.131
+(in a format that can be reused as shell)3.631 F(input.)144 556.8 Q(The)
+144
580.8 Q F2<ad76>2.904 E F0 .404
(option causes the output to be assigned to the v)2.904 F(ariable)-.25 E
-F2(var)2.904 E F0 .404(rather than being printed to the)2.904 F
-(standard output.)144 451.2 Q(The)144 475.2 Q F2(format)3.423 E F0 .923
-(is reused as necessary to consume all of the)3.423 F F2(ar)3.423 E
-(guments)-.37 E F0 5.923(.I)C 3.423(ft)-5.923 G(he)-3.423 E F2(format)
-3.423 E F0 .924(requires more)3.424 F F2(ar)144 487.2 Q(guments)-.37 E
+F1(var)2.904 E F0 .404(rather than being printed to the)2.904 F
+(standard output.)144 592.8 Q(The)144 616.8 Q F1(format)3.423 E F0 .923
+(is reused as necessary to consume all of the)3.423 F F1(ar)3.423 E
+(guments)-.37 E F0 5.923(.I)C 3.423(ft)-5.923 G(he)-3.423 E F1(format)
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F0 .033(than are supplied, the e)2.534 F .033
(xtra format speci\214cations beha)-.15 F .333 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 2.533(si)
.15 G 2.533(faz)-2.533 G .033(ero v)-2.533 F .033(alue or null string,)
--.25 F(as appropriate, had been supplied.)144 499.2 Q(The return v)5 E
-(alue is zero on success, non-zero on f)-.25 E(ailure.)-.1 E F1(pushd)
-108 516 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6e>A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F2(n)A F0 2.5(][)C
-<ad>-2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A F1(pushd)108 528 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6e>A F0 2.5
-(][)C F2(dir)-2.5 E F0(])A .639(Adds a directory to the top of the dire\
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-G .64(op of the)-3.14 F 1.316(stack the current w)144 552 R 1.316
+-.25 F(as appropriate, had been supplied.)144 640.8 Q(The return v)5 E
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+<ad>-2.5 E F1(n)A F0(])A F2(pushd)108 669.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6e>A F0
+2.5(][)C F1(dir)-2.5 E F0(])A .639(Adds a directory to the top of the d\
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+-.25 G .64(op of the)-3.14 F 1.316(stack the current w)144 693.6 R 1.316
(orking directory)-.1 F 6.316(.W)-.65 G 1.315(ith no ar)-6.716 F 1.315
(guments, e)-.18 F 1.315(xchanges the top tw)-.15 F 3.815(od)-.1 G 1.315
(irectories and)-3.815 F .871
-(returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty)144 564 R 5.871(.A)-.65
-G -.18(rg)-5.871 G .872(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.172 -.15(ve t)
--.2 H .872(he follo).15 F .872(wing mean-)-.25 F(ings:)144 576 Q F1
-<ad6e>144 588 Q F0 .902(Suppresses the normal change of directory when \
-adding directories to the stack, so that)24.74 F
-(only the stack is manipulated.)180 600 Q F1(+)144 612 Q F2(n)A F0 1.267
-(Rotates the stack so that the)25.3 F F2(n)3.767 E F0 1.268
+(returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty)144 705.6 R 5.871(.A)
+-.65 G -.18(rg)-5.871 G .872(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.172 -.15
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+/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad6e>144 84 Q F0 .902(Suppresses the normal change of \
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+(only the stack is manipulated.)180 96 Q F1(+)144 108 Q/F2 10
+/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0 1.267(Rotates the stack so that the)25.3 F F2
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(th directory \(counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.268(wn by)
--.25 F F1(dirs)180 624 Q F0 2.5(,s)C(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)
--2.5 E F1<ad>144 636 Q F2(n)A F0 .92(Rotates the stack so that the)25.3
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F F2(n)3.42 E F0 .92
(th directory \(counting from the right of the list sho)B .92(wn by)-.25
-F F1(dirs)180 648 Q F0 2.5(,s)C(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)-2.5
-E F2(dir)144.35 660 Q F0(Adds)23.98 E F2(dir)2.85 E F0
+F F1(dirs)180 144 Q F0 2.5(,s)C(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)-2.5
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(to the directory stack at the top, making it the ne)3.23 E 2.5(wc)-.25
-G(urrent w)-2.5 E(orking directory)-.1 E(.)-.65 E .488(If the)144 676.8
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R F1(pushd)2.988 E F0 .488(command is successful, a)2.988 F F1(dirs)
2.988 E F0 .488(is performed as well.)2.988 F .489
(If the \214rst form is used,)5.488 F F1(pushd)2.989 E F0 1.04
-(returns 0 unless the cd to)144 688.8 R F2(dir)3.89 E F0 -.1(fa)4.27 G
+(returns 0 unless the cd to)144 184.8 R F2(dir)3.89 E F0 -.1(fa)4.27 G
3.539(ils. W).1 F 1.039(ith the second form,)-.4 F F1(pushd)3.539 E F0
1.039(returns 0 unless the directory)3.539 F .846(stack is empty)144
-700.8 R 3.346(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-3.346 E .847(xistent directory stack ele\
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ment is speci\214ed, or the directory change to the)-.15 F
-(speci\214ed ne)144 712.8 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(urrent directory f)-2.5 E
-(ails.)-.1 E(GNU Bash-3.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(10)198.725 E 0
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-/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48
-(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10
-/Times-Bold@0 SF(pwd)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255LP)A F0(])A .845
-(Print the absolute pathname of the current w)144 96 R .845
+(speci\214ed ne)144 208.8 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(urrent directory f)-2.5 E
+(ails.)-.1 E F1(pwd)108 225.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255LP)A F0(])A .845
+(Print the absolute pathname of the current w)144 237.6 R .845
(orking directory)-.1 F 5.844(.T)-.65 G .844
(he pathname printed contains no)-5.844 F .181(symbolic links if the)144
-108 R F1<ad50>2.681 E F0 .181(option is supplied or the)2.681 F F1 .181
-(\255o ph)2.681 F(ysical)-.15 E F0 .181(option to the)2.681 F F1(set)
-2.681 E F0 -.2(bu)2.681 G .182(iltin command is).2 F 3.264(enabled. If)
-
144 120 R(the)3.264 E F1<ad4c>3.264 E F0 .763
+249.6 R F1<ad50>2.681 E F0 .181(option is supplied or the)2.681 F F1
+.181(\255o ph)2.681 F(ysical)-.15 E F0 .181(option to the)2.681 F F1
+(set)2.681 E F0 -.2(bu)2.681 G .182(iltin command is).2 F 3.264
+
(enabled. If)144 261.6 R(the)3.264 E F1<ad4c>3.264 E F0 .763
(option is used, the pathname printed may contain symbolic links.)3.264
F .763(The return)5.763 F 1.36(status is 0 unless an error occurs while\
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--.4 G(lid).25 E(option is supplied.)144 144 Q F1 -.18(re)108 160.8 S(ad)
-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255ers)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad61>-2.5 E/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(aname)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad64>-2.5 E F2(delim)2.5 E
-F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6e>-2.5 E F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 2.5(][)C F1
-<ad70>-2.5 E F2(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad74>-2.5 E F2
-(timeout)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad75>-2.5 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2
-(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .516(One line is read from the standard inpu\
-t, or from the \214le descriptor)144 172.8 R F2(fd)3.016 E F0 .516
-(supplied as an ar)3.016 F .516(gument to)-.18 F(the)144 184.8 Q F1
+ reading the name of the current directory or an in)144 273.6 R -.25(va)
+-.4 G(lid).25 E(option is supplied.)144 285.6 Q F1 -.18(re)108 302.4 S
+(ad).18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255ers)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad61>-2.5 E F2(aname)
+2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad64>-2.5 E F2(delim)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F2
+(te)2.5 E(xt)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6e>-2.5 E F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)
+-.1 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E F2(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 2.5(][)C F1
+<ad74>-2.5 E F2(timeout)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad75>-2.5 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0
+2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .516(One line is read from the st\
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+.516(supplied as an ar)3.016 F .516(gument to)-.18 F(the)144 326.4 Q F1
<ad75>2.538 E F0 .038(option, and the \214rst w)2.538 F .038
(ord is assigned to the \214rst)-.1 F F2(name)2.539 E F0 2.539(,t).18 G
.039(he second w)-2.539 F .039(ord to the second)-.1 F F2(name)2.539 E
-F0(,).18 E .42(and so on, with lefto)144 196.8 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.92(rw)
+F0(,).18 E .42(and so on, with lefto)144 338.4 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.92(rw)
.15 G .42(ords and their interv)-3.02 F .42
(ening separators assigned to the last)-.15 F F2(name)2.92 E F0 5.42(.I)
-.18 G 2.92(ft)-5.42 G(here)-2.92 E .54(are fe)144 208.8 R .54(wer w)-.25
+.18 G 2.92(ft)-5.42 G(here)-2.92 E .54(are fe)144 350.4 R .54(wer w)-.25
F .541(ords read from the input stream than names, the remaining names \
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+are assigned empty)-.1 F -.25(va)144 362.4 S 2.511(lues. The).25 F .011
(characters in)2.511 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)2.511 E F0 .011
(are used to split the line into w)2.261 F 2.511(ords. The)-.1 F .011
(backslash character \()2.511 F F1(\\)A F0 2.51(\)m)C(ay)-2.51 E 1.89
-(be used to remo)144 232.8 R 2.19 -.15(ve a)-.15 H 2.19 -.15(ny s).15 H
+(be used to remo)144 374.4 R 2.19 -.15(ve a)-.15 H 2.19 -.15(ny s).15 H
1.891(pecial meaning for the ne).15 F 1.891
(xt character read and for line continuation.)-.15 F
-(Options, if supplied, ha)144 244.8 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E
-(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 256.8 Q F2(aname)2.5 E F0 1.05(The w)
-180 268.8 R 1.049
+(Options, if supplied, ha)144 386.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E
+(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 398.4 Q F2(aname)2.5 E F0 1.05(The w)
+180 410.4 R 1.049
(ords are assigned to sequential indices of the array v)-.1 F(ariable)
-.25 E F2(aname)3.549 E F0 3.549(,s).18 G 1.049(tarting at 0.)-3.549 F
-F2(aname)180.33 280.8 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68 E 2.5(yn)-.15 G .5
+F2(aname)180.33 422.4 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68 E 2.5(yn)-.15 G .5
-.25(ew va)-2.5 H(lues are assigned.).25 E(Other)5 E F2(name)2.5 E F0
-(ar)2.5 E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F1<ad64>144 292.8 Q F2(delim)2.5 E
-F0(The \214rst character of)180 304.8 Q F2(delim)2.5 E F0
+(ar)2.5 E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F1<ad64>144 434.4 Q F2(delim)2.5 E
+F0(The \214rst character of)180 446.4 Q F2(delim)2.5 E F0
(is used to terminate the input line, rather than ne)2.5 E(wline.)-.25 E
-F1<ad65>144 316.8 Q F0 .372
+F1<ad65>144 458.4 Q F0 .372
(If the standard input is coming from a terminal,)25.86 F F1 -.18(re)
2.873 G(adline).18 E F0(\(see)2.873 E F3(READLINE)2.873 E F0(abo)2.623 E
-.15(ve)-.15 G 2.873(\)i).15 G 2.873(su)-2.873 G(sed)-2.873 E
-(to obtain the line.)180 328.8 Q F1<ad6e>144 340.8 Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har)
--.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 352.8 S(ad).18 E F0 1.395
-(returns after reading)3.895 F F2(nc)3.895 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.395
-(characters rather than w)3.895 F 1.394(aiting for a complete line of)
--.1 F(input.)180 364.8 Q F1<ad70>144 376.8 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 E F0
-(Display)180 388.8 Q F2(pr)3.66 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161
-(on standard error)3.66 F 3.661(,w)-.4 G 1.161(ithout a trailing ne)
--3.661 F 1.161(wline, before attempting to read)-.25 F(an)180 400.8 Q
+(to obtain the line.)180 470.4 Q F1<ad69>144 482.4 Q F2(te)2.5 E(xt)-.2
+E F0(If)10.78 E F1 -.18(re)2.716 G(adline).18 E F0 .216
+(is being used to read the line,)2.716 F F2(te)2.716 E(xt)-.2 E F0 .216
+(is placed into the editing b)2.716 F(uf)-.2 E .215(fer before edit-)
+-.25 F(ing be)180 494.4 Q(gins.)-.15 E F1<ad6e>144 506.4 Q F2(nc)2.5 E
+(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 518.4 S(ad).18 E F0 1.394
+(returns after reading)3.894 F F2(nc)3.894 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.395
+(characters rather than w)3.894 F 1.395(aiting for a complete line of)
+-.1 F(input.)180 530.4 Q F1<ad70>144 542.4 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 E F0
+(Display)180 554.4 Q F2(pr)3.661 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161
+(on standard error)3.661 F 3.661(,w)-.4 G 1.161(ithout a trailing ne)
+-3.661 F 1.161(wline, before attempting to read)-.25 F(an)180 566.4 Q
2.5(yi)-.15 G 2.5(nput. The)-2.5 F
(prompt is displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.)2.5 E F1
-<ad72>144 412.8 Q F0 .544(Backslash does not act as an escape character)
-25.86 F 5.543(.T)-.55 G .543(he backslash is considered to be part of)
--5.543 F(the line.)180 424.8 Q(In particular)5 E 2.5(,ab)-.4 G
+<ad72>144 578.4 Q F0 .543(Backslash does not act as an escape character)
+25.86 F 5.543(.T)-.55 G .544(he backslash is considered to be part of)
+-5.543 F(the line.)180 590.4 Q(In particular)5 E 2.5(,ab)-.4 G
(ackslash-ne)-2.5 E(wline pair may not be used as a line continuation.)
--.25 E F1<ad73>144 436.8 Q F0(Silent mode.)26.41 E
+-.25 E F1<ad73>144 602.4 Q F0(Silent mode.)26.41 E
(If input is coming from a terminal, characters are not echoed.)5 E F1
-<ad74>144 448.8 Q F2(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 460.8 Q F1 -.18(re)3.548
-G(ad).18 E F0 1.048(to time out and return f)3.548 F 1.048
+<ad74>144 614.4 Q F2(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 626.4 Q F1 -.18(re)3.549
+G(ad).18 E F0 1.048(to time out and return f)3.549 F 1.048
(ailure if a complete line of input is not read within)-.1 F F2(timeout)
-180 472.8 Q F0 2.92(seconds. This)2.92 F .42(option has no ef)2.92 F .42
+180 638.4 Q F0 2.92(seconds. This)2.92 F .42(option has no ef)2.92 F .42
(fect if)-.25 F F1 -.18(re)2.92 G(ad).18 E F0 .42
-(is not reading input from the terminal)2.92 F(or a pipe.)180 484.8 Q F1
-<ad75>144 496.8 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(Read input from \214le descriptor)14.46
-E F2(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .191(If no)144 513.6 R F2(names)3.051 E F0 .191
-(are supplied, the line read is assigned to the v)2.961 F(ariable)-.25 E
-F3(REPL)2.692 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .192
-(The return code is zero,)4.692 F 1.218
-(unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)144 525.6 R F1 -.18(re)3.718 G(ad)
-.18 E F0 1.217(times out, or an in)3.718 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.217
-(lid \214le descriptor is supplied as the).25 F(ar)144 537.6 Q
-(gument to)-.18 E F1<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.18(re)108 554.4 S(adonly).18
-E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255apf)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)
--.37 E F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E .77(The gi)144 566.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(n)
-.15 E F2(names)3.27 E F0 .77(are mark)3.27 F .77(ed readonly; the v)-.1
-F .77(alues of these)-.25 F F2(names)3.63 E F0 .77
-(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.097(quent assignment.)144 578.4 R
-1.097(If the)6.097 F F1<ad66>3.597 E F0 1.097
-(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.597 F F2
-(names)3.596 E F0 1.096(are so)3.596 F(mark)144 590.4 Q 2.872(ed. The)
--.1 F F1<ad61>2.872 E F0 .372(option restricts the v)2.872 F .372
+(is not reading input from the terminal)2.92 F(or a pipe.)180 650.4 Q F1
+<ad75>144 662.4 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(Read input from \214le descriptor)14.46
+E F2(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .192(If no)144 679.2 R F2(names)3.052 E F0 .192
+(are supplied, the line read is assigned to the v)2.962 F(ariable)-.25 E
+F3(REPL)2.691 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .191
+(The return code is zero,)4.691 F 1.217
+(unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)144 691.2 R F1 -.18(re)3.717 G(ad)
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+(lid \214le descriptor is supplied as the).25 F(ar)144 703.2 Q
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+E F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E .77(The gi)144 96 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E F2
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+(alues of these)-.25 F F2(names)3.63 E F0 .77
+(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.096(quent assignment.)144 108 R
+1.096(If the)6.096 F F1<ad66>3.596 E F0 1.097
+(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.596 F F2
+(names)3.597 E F0 1.097(are so)3.597 F(mark)144 120 Q 2.873(ed. The)-.1
+F F1<ad61>2.873 E F0 .373(option restricts the v)2.873 F .372
(ariables to arrays.)-.25 F .372(If no)5.372 F F2(name)3.232 E F0(ar)
-3.053 E .373(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .373(n, or if the).15
-F F1<ad70>144 602.4 Q F0 .796
-(option is supplied, a list of all readonly names is printed.)3.297 F
+3.052 E .372(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .372(n, or if the).15
+F F1<ad70>144 132 Q F0 .796
+(option is supplied, a list of all readonly names is printed.)3.296 F
(The)5.796 E F1<ad70>3.296 E F0 .796(option causes output to be)3.296 F
-.828(displayed in a format that may be reused as input.)144 614.4 R .828
-(If a v)5.828 F .828(ariable name is follo)-.25 F .828(wed by =)-.25 F
-F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 3.328(,t)C(he)-3.328 E -.25(va)144 626.4 S .405
-(lue of the v).25 F .405(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)2.905 E(d)-.37
-E F0 5.405(.T)C .404(he return status is 0 unless an in)-5.405 F -.25
-(va)-.4 G .404(lid option is encountered,).25 F 1.069(one of the)144
-638.4 R F2(names)3.929 E F0 1.069(is not a v)3.839 F 1.069(alid shell v)
-
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-(alue of the last \(rightmost\) com-)-.25 F 1.136(mand to e)224 228 R
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1.136
(xit with a non-zero status, or zero if all commands in the pipeline)
--.15 F -.15(ex)224 240 S(it successfully).15 E 5(.T)-.65 G
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-2.091(Change the beha)17.77 F 2.091(vior of)-.2 F F1(bash)4.591 E F0
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2.091(where the def)4.591 F 2.091(ault operation dif)-.1 F 2.091
-(fers from the)-.25 F(POSIX standard to match the standard \()224 264 Q
-/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(posix mode)A F0(\).)A F1(pri)184 276 Q(vileged)
--.1 E F0(Same as)224 288 Q F1<ad70>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(ve)184 300 S
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+(fers from the)-.25 F(POSIX standard to match the standard \()224 468 Q
+/F5 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(posix mode)A F0(\).)A F1(pri)184 480 Q(vileged)
+-.1 E F0(Same as)224 492 Q F1<ad70>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(ve)184 504 S
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(Use a vi-style command line editing interf)32.22 E(ace.)-.1 E F1
-(xtrace)184 324 Q F0(Same as)13.35 E F1<ad78>2.5 E F0(.)A(If)184 342 Q
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-(alues of the current options are printed.)-.25 F(If)5.553 E F1(+o)184
-354 Q F0 1.072(is supplied with no)3.572 F F2(option\255name)3.572 E F0
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-(commands to recreate the current)3.571 F
-(option settings is displayed on the standard output.)184
366 Q F1<ad70>
-144 378 Q F0 -.45(Tu)28.74 G 1.071(rn on).45 F F2(privile)4.821 E -.1
-(ge)-.4 G(d).1 E F0 3.572(mode. In)4.341 F 1.072(this mode, the)3.572 F
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--.27 E F0 1.072(\214les are not pro-)3.322 F 1.705
-(cessed, shell functions are not inherited from the en)184 390 R 1.705
-(vironment, and the)-.4 F F3(SHELLOPTS)4.205 E F0 -.25(va)184 402 S .018
+(xtrace)184 528 Q F0(Same as)13.35 E F1<ad78>2.5 E F0(.)A(If)184 546 Q
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+(option settings is displayed on the standard output.)184
570 Q F1<ad70>
+144 582 Q F0 -.45(Tu)28.74 G 1.072(rn on).45 F F5(privile)4.822 E -.1
+(ge)-.4 G(d).1 E F0 3.572(mode. In)4.342 F 1.072(this mode, the)3.572 F
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+(\214les are not pro-)3.322 F 1.705
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(riable, if it appears in the en).25 F .019(vironment, is ignored.)-.4 F
-.019(If the shell is started with the ef)5.019 F(fec-)-.25 E(ti)184 414
-Q 1.159 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .859
+.018(If the shell is started with the ef)5.019 F(fec-)-.25 E(ti)184 618
+Q 1.158 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .859
(ser \(group\) id not equal to the real user \(group\) id, and the).15 F
-F1<ad70>3.359 E F0 .858(option is not sup-)3.359 F .293
-(plied, these actions are tak)184 426 R .293(en and the ef)-.1 F(fecti)
+F1<ad70>3.359 E F0 .859(option is not sup-)3.359 F .294
+(plied, these actions are tak)184 630 R .293(en and the ef)-.1 F(fecti)
-.25 E .593 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .293(ser id is set to the real user id.).15
-F .294(If the)5.294 F F1<ad70>2.794 E F0 1.196
-(option is supplied at startup, the ef)184 438 R(fecti)-.25 E 1.495 -.15
-(ve u)-.25 H 1.195(ser id is not reset.).15 F -.45(Tu)6.195 G 1.195
-(rning this option of).45 F(f)-.25 E(causes the ef)184 450 Q(fecti)-.25
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+(option is supplied at startup, the ef)184 642 R(fecti)-.25 E 1.495 -.15
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+(rning this option of).45 F(f)-.25 E(causes the ef)184 654 Q(fecti)-.25
E .3 -.15(ve u)-.25 H
(ser and group ids to be set to the real user and group ids.).15 E F1
-<ad74>144 462 Q F0(Exit after reading and e)30.97 E -.15(xe)-.15 G
-(cuting one command.).15 E F1<ad75>144 474 Q F0 -.35(Tr)28.74 G .444
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(eat unset v).35 F .444
(ariables as an error when performing parameter e)-.25 F 2.944
-(xpansion. If)-.15 F -.15(ex)2.945 G .445(pansion is).15 F .52
-(attempted on an unset v)184 486 R .519
+(xpansion. If)-.15 F -.15(ex)2.944 G .444(pansion is).15 F .519
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(ariable, the shell prints an error message, and, if not interacti)-.25
-F -.15(ve)-.25 G(,).15 E -.15(ex)184 498 S(its with a non-zero status.)
-.15 E F1<ad76>144 510 Q F0(Print shell input lines as the)29.3 E 2.5(ya)
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-(xpanded v)-.15 F 1.236(alue of)-.25 F F3(PS4)3.736 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0
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--.15(ve)-.15 G 5.079(\). This).15 F 2.579(is on by)5.079 F(def)184 570 Q
-(ault.)-.1 E F1<ad43>144 582 Q F0 .214(If set,)27.08 F F1(bash)2.714 E
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-<ad45>144 618 Q F0 .104(If set, an)27.63 F 2.604(yt)-.15 G .104(rap on)
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-/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad54>144 84 Q F0 .89(If set, an)27.63 F 3.39(yt)-.15 G
-.89(raps on)-3.39 F F1(DEB)3.39 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)3.39 E F1(RETURN)3.39
-E F0 .89(are inherited by shell functions, command)3.39 F 1.932
-(substitutions, and commands e)184 96 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.932
+/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad78>144 84 Q F0 .315(After e)29.3 F .315
+(xpanding each)-.15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF .315(simple command)2.815
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+(or arithmetic)184 96 R F1 -.25(fo)3.736 G(r).25 E F0 1.236
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+(follo)3.486 E 1.236(wed by the com-)-.25 F(mand and its e)184 108 Q
+(xpanded ar)-.15 E(guments or associated w)-.18 E(ord list.)-.1 E F1
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+(xpansion \(see)-.15 F F1 2.578(Brace Expansion)5.078 F F0(abo)5.078 E
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+(ault.)-.1 E F1<ad43>144 144 Q F0 .213(If set,)27.08 F F1(bash)2.713 E
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+F .839(mands e)184 192 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .839(cuted in a subshell en).15
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+(trap is normally not inherited in)3.338 F(such cases.)184 204 Q F1
+<ad48>144 216 Q F0(Enable)26.52 E F1(!)3.031 E F0 .531
+(style history substitution.)5.531 F .531(This option is on by def)5.531
+F .532(ault when the shell is inter)-.1 F(-)-.2 E(acti)184 228 Q -.15
+(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1<ad50>144 240 Q F0 1.165
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+(cuting commands such as).15 F F1(cd)3.664 E F0 2.821
+(that change the current w)184 252 R 2.822(orking directory)-.1 F 7.822
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(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 4.432(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(DEB)4.432 E
-(UG)-.1 E F0(and)4.432 E F1(RETURN)184 108 Q F0
-(traps are normally not inherited in such cases.)2.5 E F1<adad>144 120 Q
-F0 .401(If no ar)28.6 F .401(guments follo)-.18 F 2.901(wt)-.25 G .401
+(UG)-.1 E F0(and)4.432 E F1(RETURN)184 312 Q F0
+(traps are normally not inherited in such cases.)2.5 E F1<adad>144 324 Q
+F0 .4(If no ar)28.6 F .401(guments follo)-.18 F 2.901(wt)-.25 G .401
(his option, then the positional parameters are unset.)-2.901 F
-(Otherwise,)5.4 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 132 Q/F2
-10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(s, e)A -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni)
-.15 G 2.5(fs)-2.5 G(ome of them be)-2.5 E(gin with a)-.15 E F1<ad>2.5 E
-F0(.)A F1<ad>144 144 Q F0 1.944
-(Signal the end of options, cause all remaining)34.3 F F2(ar)4.444 E(g)
--.37 E F0 4.444(st)C 4.444(ob)-4.444 G 4.445(ea)-4.444 G 1.945
-(ssigned to the positional)-4.445 F 3.446(parameters. The)184 156 R F1
-<ad78>3.446 E F0(and)3.446 E F1<ad76>3.446 E F0 .945
-(options are turned of)3.446 F 3.445(f. If)-.25 F .945(there are no)
-3.445 F F2(ar)3.445 E(g)-.37 E F0 .945(s, the positional)B
-(parameters remain unchanged.)184 168 Q .425(The options are of)144
-184.8 R 2.925(fb)-.25 G 2.925(yd)-2.925 G(ef)-2.925 E .425
+(Otherwise,)5.401 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 336 Q
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+(parameters remain unchanged.)184 372 Q .425(The options are of)144
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(ault unless otherwise noted.)-.1 F .425
-(Using + rather than \255 causes these options)5.425 F .178
-(to be turned of)144 196.8 R 2.678(f. The)-.25 F .178
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(options can also be speci\214ed as ar)2.678 F .178(guments to an in)
--.18 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .177(cation of the shell.).2 F(The)5.177 E .066
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5.066(.T)C .066(he return status is al)-5.066 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .066
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-(])A .429(The positional parameters from)144 249.6 R F2(n)2.929 E F0
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.06(is not gi)2.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .06(n, it is assumed to be 1.).15 F
(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06(is greater than)2.8 F F1($#)2.56 E F0 2.56
-(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .143(positional parameters are not changed.)144 285.6 R
-.144(The return status is greater than zero if)5.143 F F2(n)3.004 E F0
-.144(is greater than)2.884 F F1($#)2.644 E F0
-(or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 297.6 Q F1(shopt)108 314.4 Q F0([)
+(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .144(positional parameters are not changed.)144 489.6 R
+.144(The return status is greater than zero if)5.144 F F2(n)3.003 E F0
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2.5 E F1(\255pqsu)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6f>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(optname)
--2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 326.4 S .222(ggle the v).8 F .222
+-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 530.4 S .222(ggle the v).8 F .222
(alues of v)-.25 F .222(ariables controlling optional shell beha)-.25 F
(vior)-.2 E 5.222(.W)-.55 G .222(ith no options, or with the)-5.622 F F1
<ad70>2.722 E F0 .721(option, a list of all settable options is display\
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-144 350.4 Q F1<ad70>2.828 E F0 .327(option causes output to be displaye\
-d in a form that may be reused as input.)2.828 F .327(Other options)
-5.327 F(ha)144 362.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)
--.25 E F1<ad73>144 374.4 Q F0(Enable \(set\) each)26.41 E F2(optname)2.5
-E F0(.)A F1<ad75>144 386.4 Q F0(Disable \(unset\) each)24.74 E F2
-(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad71>144 398.4 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal out\
+ed, with an indication of whether or not each is set.)144 542.4 R(The)
+144 554.4 Q F1<ad70>2.827 E F0 .327(option causes output to be displaye\
+d in a form that may be reused as input.)2.827 F .328(Other options)
+5.328 F(ha)144 566.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)
+-.25 E F1<ad73>144 578.4 Q F0(Enable \(set\) each)26.41 E F2(optname)2.5
+E F0(.)A F1<ad75>144 590.4 Q F0(Disable \(unset\) each)24.74 E F2
+(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad71>144 602.4 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal out\
put \(quiet mode\); the return status indicates whether the)24.74 F F2
-(optname)2.504 E F0(is)2.504 E .256(set or unset.)180 410.4 R .256
-(If multiple)5.256 F F2(optname)2.756 E F0(ar)2.756 E .256
+(optname)2.503 E F0(is)2.503 E .255(set or unset.)180 614.4 R .255
+(If multiple)5.255 F F2(optname)2.755 E F0(ar)2.755 E .256
(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.756(nw).15 G(ith)-2.756 E F1
-<ad71>2.756 E F0 2.755(,t)C .255(he return status is zero if)-2.755 F
-(all)180 422.4 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E F0(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.)
-2.5 E F1<ad6f>144 434.4 Q F0(Restricts the v)25.3 E(alues of)-.25 E F2
+<ad71>2.756 E F0 2.756(,t)C .256(he return status is zero if)-2.756 F
+(all)180 626.4 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E F0(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.)
+2.5 E F1<ad6f>144 638.4 Q F0(Restricts the v)25.3 E(alues of)-.25 E F2
(optname)2.5 E F0(to be those de\214ned for the)2.5 E F1<ad6f>2.5 E F0
-(option to the)2.5 E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .127
-(If either)144 451.2 R F1<ad73>2.627 E F0(or)2.627 E F1<ad75>2.627 E F0
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+(If either)144 655.2 R F1<ad73>2.628 E F0(or)2.628 E F1<ad75>2.628 E F0
.127(is used with no)2.627 F F2(optname)2.627 E F0(ar)2.627 E .127
-(guments, the display is limited to those options which)-.18 F 1.024
-(are set or unset, respecti)144 463.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 6.024
-(.U)-.65 G 1.024(nless otherwise noted, the)-6.024 F F1(shopt)3.523 E F0
-1.023(options are disabled \(unset\) by)3.523 F(def)144 475.2 Q(ault.)
+(guments, the display is limited to those options which)-.18 F 1.023
+(are set or unset, respecti)144 667.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 6.023
+(.U)-.65 G 1.024(nless otherwise noted, the)-6.023 F F1(shopt)3.524 E F0
+1.024(options are disabled \(unset\) by)3.524 F(def)144 679.2 Q(ault.)
-.1 E 1.544(The return status when listing options is zero if all)144
-492 R F2(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.545(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.)
-4.045 F .696
+696 R F2(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.544(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.)
+4.044 F .696
(When setting or unsetting options, the return status is zero unless an)
-144 504 R F2(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .695(alid shell)
--.25 F(option.)144 516 Q(The list of)144 532.8 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0
-(options is:)2.5 E F1(autocd)144 550.8 Q F0 .199
+144 708 R F2(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .696(alid shell)
+-.25 F(option.)144 720 Q(GNU Bash-3.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(14)
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+/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48
+(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E(The list of)
+144 84 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(shopt)2.5 E F0(options is:)2.5 E F1
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(If set, a command name that is the name of a directory is e)11.11 F
--.15(xe)-.15 G .2(cuted as if it were the ar).15 F(gu-)-.18 E
-(ment to the)184 562.8 Q F1(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F
+-.15(xe)-.15 G .199(cuted as if it were the ar).15 F(gu-)-.18 E
+(ment to the)184 114 Q F1(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F
(option is only used by interacti)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E
-F1(cdable_v)144 574.8 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .156(If set, an ar)184 586.8 R .156
-(gument to the)-.18 F F1(cd)2.656 E F0 -.2(bu)2.656 G .155
+F1(cdable_v)144 126 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .155(If set, an ar)184 138 R .155
+(gument to the)-.18 F F1(cd)2.655 E F0 -.2(bu)2.655 G .156
(iltin command that is not a directory is assumed to be the).2 F
-(name of a v)184 598.8 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E
-(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E F1(cdspell)144 610.8 Q F0
+(name of a v)184 150 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E
+(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E F1(cdspell)144 162 Q F0
1.055
(If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory component in a)
-10.55 F F1(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.988
-(corrected. The)184 622.8 R 1.488(errors check)3.988 F 1.487
-(ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.987(,a)
--.4 G(nd)-3.987 E .552(one character too man)184 634.8 R 4.352 -.65
-(y. I)-.15 H 3.052(fac).65 G .552
+10.55 F F1(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.987
+(corrected. The)184 174 R 1.487(errors check)3.987 F 1.487
+(ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.988(,a)
+-.4 G(nd)-3.988 E .552(one character too man)184 186 R 4.352 -.65(y. I)
+-.15 H 3.052(fac).65 G .552
(orrection is found, the corrected \214le name is printed, and)-3.052 F
-(the command proceeds.)184 646.8 Q
-(This option is only used by interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.)
-.15 E F1(checkhash)144 658.8 Q F0 2.08(If set,)184 670.8 R F1(bash)4.58
-E F0 2.079(checks that a command found in the hash table e)4.58 F 2.079
-(xists before trying to)-.15 F -.15(exe)184 682.8 S(cute it.).15 E
+(the command proceeds.)184 198 Q(This option is only used by interacti)5
+E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1(checkhash)144 210 Q F0 2.079
+(If set,)184 222 R F1(bash)4.579 E F0 2.079
+(checks that a command found in the hash table e)4.579 F 2.08
+(xists before trying to)-.15 F -.15(exe)184 234 S(cute it.).15 E
(If a hashed command no longer e)5 E
-(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F1(checkjobs)144 694.8
-Q F0 .56(If set, bash lists the status of an)184 706.8 R 3.061(ys)-.15 G
-.561(topped and running jobs before e)-3.061 F .561(xiting an interacti)
--.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.439(shell. If)184 718.8 R(an)3.439 E 3.439(yj)
--.15 G .938(obs are running, this causes the e)-3.439 F .938
-(xit to be deferred until a second e)-.15 F .938(xit is)-.15 F 1.456
-(attempted without an interv)184 730.8 R 1.456(ening command \(see)-.15
-F F1 1.456(JOB CONTR)3.956 F(OL)-.3 E F0(abo)3.956 E -.15(ve)-.15 G
-3.956(\). The).15 F(shell)3.956 E(GNU Bash-3.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)
-148.735 E(14)198.725 E 0 Cg EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48
-(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E(al)184 84 Q
--.1(wa)-.1 G(ys postpones e).1 E(xiting if an)-.15 E 2.5(yj)-.15 G
-(obs are stopped.)-2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(checkwinsize)144 96 Q F0
-.797(If set,)184 108 R F1(bash)3.297 E F0 .797(checks the windo)3.297 F
-3.297(ws)-.25 G .796(ize after each command and, if necessary)-3.297 F
-3.296(,u)-.65 G .796(pdates the)-3.296 F -.25(va)184 120 S(lues of).25 E
-/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(LINES)2.5 E F0(and)2.25 E F2(COLUMNS)2.5 E/F3 9
-/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F1(cmdhist)144 132 Q F0 1.202(If set,)6.11 F F1
-(bash)3.702 E F0 1.202(attempts to sa)3.702 F 1.502 -.15(ve a)-.2 H
-1.202(ll lines of a multiple-line command in the same history).15 F
-(entry)184 144 Q 5(.T)-.65 G(his allo)-5 E
-(ws easy re-editing of multi-line commands.)-.25 E F1(compat31)144 156 Q
-F0 .42(If set,)184 168 R F1(bash)2.92 E F0 .42(changes its beha)2.92 F
-.419(vior to that of v)-.2 F .419(ersion 3.1 with respect to quoted ar)
--.15 F(guments)-.18 E(to the conditional command')184 180 Q 2.5(s=)-.55
-G 2.5(~o)-2.5 G(perator)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1(dotglob)144 192 Q F0 .165
+(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F1(checkjobs)144 246 Q
+F0 .449(If set,)184 258 R F1(bash)2.949 E F0 .449
+(lists the status of an)2.949 F 2.949(ys)-.15 G .448
+(topped and running jobs before e)-2.949 F .448(xiting an interacti)-.15
+F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.438(shell. If)184 270 R(an)3.438 E 3.438(yj)-.15 G
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+(attempted without an interv)184 282 R 1.456(ening command \(see)-.15 F
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+(checkwinsize)144 306 Q F0 .796(If set,)184 318 R F1(bash)3.296 E F0
+.796(checks the windo)3.296 F 3.296(ws)-.25 G .797
+(ize after each command and, if necessary)-3.296 F 3.297(,u)-.65 G .797
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+F1(cmdhist)144 342 Q F0 1.202(If set,)6.11 F F1(bash)3.702 E F0 1.202
+(attempts to sa)3.702 F 1.502 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 1.202
+(ll lines of a multiple-line command in the same history).15 F(entry)184
+354 Q 5(.T)-.65 G(his allo)-5 E
+(ws easy re-editing of multi-line commands.)-.25 E F1(compat31)144 366 Q
+F0 .419(If set,)184 378 R F1(bash)2.919 E F0 .419(changes its beha)2.919
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+G 2.5(~o)-2.5 G(perator)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1(dotglob)144 402 Q F0 .165
(If set,)7.77 F F1(bash)2.665 E F0 .165(includes \214lenames be)2.665 F
.165(ginning with a `.)-.15 F 2.665('i)-.7 G 2.665(nt)-2.665 G .165
-(he results of pathname e)-2.665 F(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(execfail)144 204
-Q F0 1.387(If set, a non-interacti)7.79 F 1.687 -.15(ve s)-.25 H 1.386
+(he results of pathname e)-2.665 F(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(execfail)144 414
+Q F0 1.386(If set, a non-interacti)7.79 F 1.686 -.15(ve s)-.25 H 1.386
(hell will not e).15 F 1.386(xit if it cannot e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
-1.386(cute the \214le speci\214ed as an).15 F(ar)184 216 Q
+1.387(cute the \214le speci\214ed as an).15 F(ar)184 426 Q
(gument to the)-.18 E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command.).2 E
(An interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hell does not e).15 E(xit if)-.15
-E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(expand_aliases)144 228 Q F0
-.716(If set, aliases are e)184 240 R .717(xpanded as described abo)-.15
-F 1.017 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(ALIASES)3.217 E F3(.)A F0 .717
-(This option is enabled)5.217 F(by def)184 252 Q(ault for interacti)-.1
-E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1(extdeb)144 264 Q(ug)-.2 E F0
-(If set, beha)184 276 Q(vior intended for use by deb)-.2 E
-(uggers is enabled:)-.2 E F1(1.)184 288 Q F0(The)28.5 E F1<ad46>4.251 E
-F0 1.751(option to the)4.251 F F1(declar)4.251 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)
-4.251 G 1.751(iltin displays the source \214le name and line).2 F
-(number corresponding to each function name supplied as an ar)220 300 Q
-(gument.)-.18 E F1(2.)184 312 Q F0 1.667(If the command run by the)28.5
+E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(expand_aliases)144 438 Q F0
+.717(If set, aliases are e)184 450 R .717(xpanded as described abo)-.15
+F 1.017 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(ALIASES)3.217 E F3(.)A F0 .716
+(This option is enabled)5.217 F(by def)184 462 Q(ault for interacti)-.1
+E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1(extdeb)144 474 Q(ug)-.2 E F0
+(If set, beha)184 486 Q(vior intended for use by deb)-.2 E
+(uggers is enabled:)-.2 E F1(1.)184 498 Q F0(The)28.5 E F1<ad46>4.25 E
+F0 1.75(option to the)4.25 F F1(declar)4.251 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)4.251
+G 1.751(iltin displays the source \214le name and line).2 F
+(number corresponding to each function name supplied as an ar)220 510 Q
+(gument.)-.18 E F1(2.)184 522 Q F0 1.667(If the command run by the)28.5
F F1(DEB)4.167 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.667(trap returns a non-zero v)4.167 F
-1.667(alue, the ne)-.25 F(xt)-.15 E(command is skipped and not e)220 324
-Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1(3.)184 336 Q F0 .841
-(If the command run by the)28.5 F F1(DEB)3.341 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .841
-(trap returns a v)3.341 F .84(alue of 2, and the shell is)-.25 F -.15
-(exe)220 348 S .488
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+Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1(3.)184 546 Q F0 .84
+(If the command run by the)28.5 F F1(DEB)3.34 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .841
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(cuting in a subroutine \(a shell function or a shell script e).15 F
-.15(xe)-.15 G .488(cuted by the).15 F F1(.)2.988 E F0(or)2.988 E F1
-(sour)220 360 Q(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltins\), a call to).2 E F1
+(sour)220 570 Q(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltins\), a call to).2 E F1
-.18(re)2.5 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0(is simulated.)2.5 E F1 26(4. B)184
-372 R(ASH_ARGC)-.3 E F0(and)3.776 E F1 -.3(BA)3.776 G(SH_ARGV).3 E F0
-1.275(are updated as described in their descrip-)3.776 F(tions abo)220
-384 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F1(5.)184 396 Q F0 1.359
+582 R(ASH_ARGC)-.3 E F0(and)3.775 E F1 -.3(BA)3.775 G(SH_ARGV).3 E F0
+1.276(are updated as described in their descrip-)3.775 F(tions abo)220
+594 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F1(5.)184 606 Q F0 1.359
(Function tracing is enabled:)28.5 F 1.359
(command substitution, shell functions, and sub-)6.359 F(shells in)220
-408 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E/F4 10
+618 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E/F4 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(command)2.5 E F1(\))2.5 E F0(inherit the)2.5 E F1
(DEB)2.5 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.5 E F1(RETURN)2.5 E F0(traps.)2.5 E F1(6.)
-184 420 Q F0 .805(Error tracing is enabled:)28.5 F .804
-(command substitution, shell functions, and subshells)5.805 F(in)220 432
+184 630 Q F0 .804(Error tracing is enabled:)28.5 F .805
+(command substitution, shell functions, and subshells)5.804 F(in)220 642
Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E F4
(command)2.5 E F1(\))2.5 E F0(inherit the)2.5 E F1(ERR)2.5 E(OR)-.3 E F0
-(trap.)2.5 E F1(extglob)144 444 Q F0 .4(If set, the e)8.89 F .4
+(trap.)2.5 E F1(extglob)144 654 Q F0 .4(If set, the e)8.89 F .4
(xtended pattern matching features described abo)-.15 F .7 -.15(ve u)
--.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.9 G .4(thname Expan-).1 F(sion)184 456 Q
-F0(are enabled.)2.5 E F1(extquote)144 468 Q F0 2.473(If set,)184 480 R
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+F0(are enabled.)2.5 E F1(extquote)144 678 Q F0 2.473(If set,)184 690 R
F1($)4.973 E F0<08>A F4(string)A F0 4.973<0861>C(nd)-4.973 E F1($)4.973
E F0(")A F4(string)A F0 4.973("q)C 2.473(uoting is performed within)
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-(pansions).15 E(enclosed in double quotes.)184 492 Q
-(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(failglob)144 504 Q F0
-1.424(If set, patterns which f)7.77 F 1.425
-(ail to match \214lenames during pathname e)-.1 F 1.425
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--.15 F F1(FIGNORE)3.085 E F0 .585(shell v)3.085 F .585(ariable cause w)
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-3.08 E 1.13 -.15(ve f)-.15 H .829(or a description of).15 F F1(FIGNORE)
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-Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(gnu_errfmt)144 588 Q F0(If set, shell error messages a\
-re written in the standard GNU error message format.)184 600 Q F1
-(histappend)144 612 Q F0 .383
-(If set, the history list is appended to the \214le named by the v)184
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--.15(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the \214le.).15 E F1(histr)144 648 Q(eedit)-.18
-E F0 .576(If set, and)184 660 R F1 -.18(re)3.076 G(adline).18 E F0 .575
-(is being used, a user is gi)3.076 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.075(nt).15 G .575
-(he opportunity to re-edit a f)-3.075 F .575(ailed his-)-.1 F
-(tory substitution.)184 672 Q F1(histv)144 684 Q(erify)-.1 E F0 .402
-(If set, and)184 696 R F1 -.18(re)2.903 G(adline).18 E F0 .403
-(is being used, the results of history substitution are not immediately)
-2.903 F .662(passed to the shell parser)184 708 R 5.662(.I)-.55 G .661
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-2.5(,a)-.4 G(llo)-2.5 E(wing further modi\214cation.)-.25 E
-(GNU Bash-3.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(15)198.725 E 0 Cg EP
+(pansions).15 E(enclosed in double quotes.)184 702 Q
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+(ail to match \214lenames during pathname e)-.1 F 1.424
+(xpansion result in an)-.15 F -.15(ex)184 726 S(pansion error).15 E(.)
+-.55 E(GNU Bash-3.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(15)198.725 E 0 Cg EP
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+(guments.)-.18 E 2.5(0a)144 472.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E(The e)
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(xpression is true if and only if the ar)-.15 E(gument is not null.)-.18
-E 2.5(2a)144 328.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .37(If the \214rst ar)
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F .37(xpression is true if and only if the second ar)-.15 F .37
-(gument is null.)-.18 F .379(If the \214rst ar)180 352.8 R .38
-(gument is one of the unary conditional operators listed abo)-.18 F .68
--.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F3(CONDI-)2.88 E(TION)180 364.8 Q .553
+(gument is null.)-.18 F .38(If the \214rst ar)180 544.8 R .38
+(gument is one of the unary conditional operators listed abo)-.18 F .679
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(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F F4(,)A F0 .552(the e)2.802 F .552
(xpression is true if the unary test is true.)-.15 F .552
-(If the \214rst ar)5.552 F(gu-)-.18 E(ment is not a v)180 376.8 Q
+(If the \214rst ar)5.552 F(gu-)-.18 E(ment is not a v)180 568.8 Q
(alid unary conditional operator)-.25 E 2.5(,t)-.4 G(he e)-2.5 E
-(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(3a)144 388.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G
-(uments).18 E .023(If the second ar)180 400.8 R .023
+(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(3a)144 580.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G
+(uments).18 E .024(If the second ar)180 592.8 R .023
(gument is one of the binary conditional operators listed abo)-.18 F
-.324 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F3(CON-)2.524 E(DITION)180 412.8 Q
-1.478(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F F4(,)A F0 1.477(the result of the e)3.727 F
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1.477(xpression is the result of the binary test)-.15 F .513
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-.18 F(The)5.513 E F1<ad61>3.013 E F0(and)3.013 E F1<ad6f>3.013 E F0
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-(binary operators when there are three ar)180 436.8 R 3.472(guments. If)
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+(binary operators when there are three ar)180 628.8 R 3.472(guments. If)
-.18 F .972(the \214rst ar)3.472 F .972(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)3.472 E F0
-3.472(,t)C .972(he v)-3.472 F .972(alue is)-.25 F .883(the ne)180 448.8
-R -.05(ga)-.15 G .883(tion of the tw).05 F(o-ar)-.1 E .884
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-F .884(the \214rst)3.384 F(ar)180 460.8 Q .875(gument is e)-.18 F
-(xactly)-.15 E F1(\()3.375 E F0 .875(and the third ar)3.375 F .875
-(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(\))3.375 E F0 3.374(,t)C .874
-(he result is the one-ar)-3.374 F(gument)-.18 E(test of the second ar)
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--.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(4a)144 484.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .384
-(If the \214rst ar)180 496.8 R .384(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.884 E F0
-2.885(,t)C .385(he result is the ne)-2.885 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .385
-(tion of the three-ar).05 F .385(gument e)-.18 F .385(xpression com-)
--.15 F 1.648(posed of the remaining ar)180 508.8 R 4.147
-(guments. Otherwise,)-.18 F 1.647(the e)4.147 F 1.647
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+(xactly)-.15 E F1(\()3.374 E F0 .875(and the third ar)3.374 F .875
+(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(\))3.375 E F0 3.375(,t)C .875
+(he result is the one-ar)-3.375 F(gument)-.18 E(test of the second ar)
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+(tion of the three-ar).05 F .384(gument e)-.18 F .384(xpression com-)
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--.15 G(.).15 E 2.5(5o)144 532.8 S 2.5(rm)-2.5 G(ore ar)-2.5 E(guments)
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-556.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F1(times)108 573.6 Q F0 1.229(Print the \
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-(is ignored by the shell and by the commands it in)3.391 F -.2(vo)-.4 G
--.1(ke).2 G 3.08(s. If).1 F F2(ar)3.41 E(g)-.37 E F0 .58
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E F0 .86(is gi)3.36 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n,).15 E F1(trap)3.36 E F0 .86
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-(signal. The)144
686.4 R F1<ad6c>2.83 E F0 .33(option causes the shell \
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237.6 R F1<ad6c>2.83 E F0 .33(option causes the shell \
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(nd the SIG pre\214x is optional.).15 F .745(If a)5.745 F F2(sigspec)
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-(cuted on e).15 F 1.63(xit from the shell.)-.15 F 1.63(If a)6.63 F F2
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-(before e)144 84 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF 1.206
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-(cutes in a shell function \(see).15 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .412
-(SHELL GRAMMAR)2.912 F F0(abo)144 108 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.665(\). Refer)
-.15 F .166(to the description of the)2.665 F/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF
-(extdeb)2.666 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .166(option to the)2.666 F F3(shopt)2.666 E
-F0 -.2(bu)2.666 G .166(iltin for details of its ef).2 F(fect)-.25 E .509
-(on the)144 120 R F3(DEB)3.009 E(UG)-.1 E F0 3.009(trap. If)3.009 F(a)
-3.009 E F1(sigspec)3.348 E F0(is)3.318 E F2(ERR)3.008 E/F4 9
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-F0 .508(is e)3.228 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .508(cuted whene).15 F -.15(ve)-.25
-G 3.008(ras).15 G .508(imple com-)-3.008 F 2.506
-(mand has a non\255zero e)144 132 R 2.506
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(xit status, subject to the follo)-.15 F 2.506(wing conditions.)-.25 F
-(The)7.506 E F2(ERR)5.006 E F0 2.506(trap is not)4.756 F -.15(exe)144
-144 S .105(cuted if the f).15 F .105
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(ailed command is part of the command list immediately follo)-.1 F .105
-(wing a)-.25 F F3(while)2.605 E F0(or)2.605 E F3(until)2.605 E F0 -.1
-(ke)144 156 S(yw)-.05 E .549(ord, part of the test in an)-.1 F F1(if)
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+(ke)144 357.6 S(yw)-.05 E .549(ord, part of the test in an)-.1 F F2(if)
3.059 E F0 .549(statement, part of a command e)5.009 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
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-(sr)-.55 G .578(eturn v)-3.078 F .578(alue is being in)-.25 F -.15(ve)
--.4 G .578(rted via).15 F F3(!)3.078 E F0 5.577(.T)C .577
-(hese are the same conditions obe)-5.577 F .577(yed by the)-.15 F F3
-(err)144 180 Q(exit)-.18 E F0 3.03(option. If)3.03 F(a)3.03 E F1
-(sigspec)3.37 E F0(is)3.341 E F2(RETURN)3.031 E F4(,)A F0 .531
-(the command)2.781 F F1(ar)3.361 E(g)-.37 E F0 .531(is e)3.251 F -.15
-(xe)-.15 G .531(cuted each time a shell function).15 F .317
-(or a script e)144 192 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .317(cuted with the).15 F F3(.)
-2.817 E F0(or)2.817 E F3(sour)2.817 E(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.817 G .317
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-.316(ignored upon entry to)2.817 F .787
-(the shell cannot be trapped or reset.)144 204 R -.35(Tr)5.787 G .787
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+(sr)-.55 G .577(eturn v)-3.077 F .577(alue is being in)-.25 F -.15(ve)
+-.4 G .577(rted via).15 F F1(!)3.077 E F0 5.578(.T)C .578
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(apped signals that are not being ignored are reset to their).35 F 1.1
-(original v)144 216 R 1.1(alues in a child process when it is created.)
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-E F3(\255aftpP)A F0(])A F1(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1(name)A F0(...])2.5 E
--.4(Wi)144 256.8 S .173(th no options, indicate ho).4 F 2.673(we)-.25 G
-(ach)-2.673 E F1(name)3.033 E F0 -.1(wo)2.853 G .174
-(uld be interpreted if used as a command name.).1 F .174(If the)5.174 F
-F3<ad74>144 268.8 Q F0 .843(option is used,)3.343 F F3(type)3.343 E F0
-.843(prints a string which is one of)3.343 F F1(alias)3.343 E F0(,).27 E
-F1 -.1(ke)3.343 G(ywor)-.2 E(d)-.37 E F0(,).77 E F1(function)3.343 E F0
-(,).24 E F1 -.2(bu)3.342 G(iltin).2 E F0 3.342(,o).24 G(r)-3.342 E F1
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-(is an alias, shell reserv)2.766 F .086(ed w)-.15 F .086
-(ord, function, b)-.1 F .087(uiltin, or disk \214le, respecti)-.2 F -.15
-(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.087(.I)-.65 G 2.587(ft)-5.087 G(he)-2.587 E F1
-(name)2.947 E F0 .087(is not)2.767 F .119
-(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 292.8 R .118
-(xit status of f)-.15 F .118(alse is returned.)-.1 F .118(If the)5.118 F
-F3<ad70>2.618 E F0 .118(option is used,)2.618 F F3(type)2.618 E F0 .855
-(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 304.8 R .855
-(ould be e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .855(cuted if).15 F F1(name)3.715 E F0
-.855(were speci\214ed as a com-)3.535 F .641(mand name, or nothing if)
-144 316.8 R/F6 10/Courier@0 SF .641(type -t name)3.141 F F0 -.1(wo)3.141
-G .641(uld not return).1 F F1(\214le)3.14 E F0 5.64(.T).18 G(he)-5.64 E
-F3<ad50>3.14 E F0 .64(option forces a)3.14 F F2 -.666(PA)3.14 G(TH)-.189
-E F0 .112(search for each)144 328.8 R F1(name)2.612 E F0 2.612(,e)C -.15
-(ve)-2.862 G 2.613(ni).15 G(f)-2.613 E F6 .113(type -t name)2.613 F F0
--.1(wo)2.613 G .113(uld not return).1 F F1(\214le)2.613 E F0 5.113(.I)
-.18 G 2.613(fac)-5.113 G .113(ommand is hashed,)-2.613 F F3<ad70>2.613 E
-F0(and)144 340.8 Q F3<ad50>2.945 E F0 .445(print the hashed v)2.945 F
-.444(alue, not necessarily the \214le that appears \214rst in)-.25 F F2
--.666(PA)2.944 G(TH)-.189 E F4(.)A F0 .444(If the)4.944 F F3<ad61>2.944
-E F0(option)2.944 E .265(is used,)144 352.8 R F3(type)2.765 E F0 .265
-(prints all of the places that contain an e)2.765 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .265
-(cutable named).15 F F1(name)2.765 E F0 5.265(.T).18 G .265
-(his includes aliases)-5.265 F .427(and functions, if and only if the)
-144 364.8 R F3<ad70>2.926 E F0 .426(option is not also used.)2.926 F
-.426(The table of hashed commands is not)5.426 F .548
-(consulted when using)144 376.8 R F3<ad61>3.048 E F0 5.548(.T)C(he)
--5.548 E F3<ad66>3.048 E F0 .549
-(option suppresses shell function lookup, as with the)3.048 F F3
-(command)3.049 E F0 -.2(bu)144 388.8 S(iltin.).2 E F3(type)5 E F0
+(original v)144 417.6 R 1.1
+(alues in a child process when it is created.)-.25 F 1.1
+(The return status is f)6.1 F 1.1(alse if an)-.1 F(y)-.15 E F2(sigspec)
+3.94 E F0(is)3.91 E(in)144 429.6 Q -.25(va)-.4 G(lid; otherwise).25 E F1
+(trap)2.5 E F0(returns true.)2.5 E F1(type)108 446.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1
+(\255aftpP)A F0(])A F2(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(name)A F0(...])2.5 E -.4
+(Wi)144 458.4 S .174(th no options, indicate ho).4 F 2.674(we)-.25 G
+(ach)-2.674 E F2(name)3.034 E F0 -.1(wo)2.854 G .173
+(uld be interpreted if used as a command name.).1 F .173(If the)5.173 F
+F1<ad74>144 470.4 Q F0 .842(option is used,)3.342 F F1(type)3.342 E F0
+.843(prints a string which is one of)3.343 F F2(alias)3.343 E F0(,).27 E
+F2 -.1(ke)3.343 G(ywor)-.2 E(d)-.37 E F0(,).77 E F2(function)3.343 E F0
+(,).24 E F2 -.2(bu)3.343 G(iltin).2 E F0 3.343(,o).24 G(r)-3.343 E F2
+(\214le)5.253 E F0(if)3.523 E F2(name)144.36 482.4 Q F0 .087
+(is an alias, shell reserv)2.767 F .087(ed w)-.15 F .087
+(ord, function, b)-.1 F .086(uiltin, or disk \214le, respecti)-.2 F -.15
+(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.086(.I)-.65 G 2.586(ft)-5.086 G(he)-2.586 E F2
+(name)2.946 E F0 .086(is not)2.766 F .118
+(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 494.4 R .118
+(xit status of f)-.15 F .118(alse is returned.)-.1 F .119(If the)5.119 F
+F1<ad70>2.619 E F0 .119(option is used,)2.619 F F1(type)2.619 E F0 .855
+(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 506.4 R .855
+(ould be e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .855(cuted if).15 F F2(name)3.715 E F0
+.855(were speci\214ed as a com-)3.535 F .64(mand name, or nothing if)144
+518.4 R/F6 10/Courier@0 SF .64(type -t name)3.14 F F0 -.1(wo)3.14 G .641
+(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)3.141 E F0 5.641(.T).18 G(he)-5.641 E F1
+<ad50>3.141 E F0 .641(option forces a)3.141 F F3 -.666(PA)3.141 G(TH)
+-.189 E F0 .113(search for each)144 530.4 R F2(name)2.613 E F0 2.613(,e)
+C -.15(ve)-2.863 G 2.613(ni).15 G(f)-2.613 E F6 .113(type -t name)2.613
+F F0 -.1(wo)2.613 G .113(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)2.613 E F0 5.113
+(.I).18 G 2.613(fa)-5.113 G .112(command is hashed,)-.001 F F1<ad70>
+2.612 E F0(and)144 542.4 Q F1<ad50>2.944 E F0 .444(print the hashed v)
+2.944 F .444(alue, not necessarily the \214le that appears \214rst in)
+-.25 F F3 -.666(PA)2.945 G(TH)-.189 E F4(.)A F0 .445(If the)4.945 F F1
+<ad61>2.945 E F0(option)2.945 E .265(is used,)144 554.4 R F1(type)2.765
+E F0 .265(prints all of the places that contain an e)2.765 F -.15(xe)
+-.15 G .265(cutable named).15 F F2(name)2.765 E F0 5.265(.T).18 G .265
+(his includes aliases)-5.265 F .426(and functions, if and only if the)
+144 566.4 R F1<ad70>2.926 E F0 .426(option is not also used.)2.926 F
+.427(The table of hashed commands is not)5.426 F .549
+(consulted when using)144 578.4 R F1<ad61>3.049 E F0 5.549(.T)C(he)
+-5.549 E F1<ad66>3.049 E F0 .548
+(option suppresses shell function lookup, as with the)3.049 F F1
+(command)3.048 E F0 -.2(bu)144 590.4 S(iltin.).2 E F1(type)5 E F0
(returns true if an)2.5 E 2.5(yo)-.15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he ar)-2.5 E
-(guments are found, f)-.18 E(alse if none are found.)-.1 E F3(ulimit)108
-405.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F3(\255SHacde\214lmnpqrstuvx)A F0([)2.5 E F1(limit)A
-F0(]])A(Pro)144 417.6 Q .244(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.744
-(rt).15 G .244(he resources a)-2.744 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244
+(guments are found, f)-.18 E(alse if none are found.)-.1 E F1(ulimit)108
+607.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255HST)A(abcde\214lmnpqrstuvx)-.92 E F0([)2.5 E
+F2(limit)A F0(]])A(Pro)144 619.2 Q .243(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve)
+-.15 G 2.743(rt).15 G .243(he resources a)-2.743 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244
(ilable to the shell and to processes started by it, on systems).25 F
-.943(that allo)144 429.6 R 3.443(ws)-.25 G .943(uch control.)-3.443 F
-(The)5.943 E F3<ad48>3.443 E F0(and)3.443 E F3<ad53>3.444 E F0 .944
+.944(that allo)144 631.2 R 3.444(ws)-.25 G .944(uch control.)-3.444 F
+(The)5.944 E F1<ad48>3.444 E F0(and)3.444 E F1<ad53>3.444 E F0 .943
(options specify that the hard or soft limit is set for the)3.444 F(gi)
-144 441.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.709(nr).15 G 2.709(esource. A)-2.709 F .208
+144 643.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.708(nr).15 G 2.708(esource. A)-2.708 F .208
(hard limit cannot be increased by a non-root user once it is set; a so\
-ft limit may)2.709 F .425(be increased up to the v)144 453.6 R .425
-(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .426(If neither)5.425 F F3<ad48>2.926 E
-F0(nor)2.926 E F3<ad53>2.926 E F0 .426
-(is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.926 F .139(hard limits are set.)144
-465.6 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F1(limit)2.729 E F0 .139
+ft limit may)2.708 F .426(be increased up to the v)144 655.2 R .426
+(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .425(If neither)5.426 F F1<ad48>2.925 E
+F0(nor)2.925 E F1<ad53>2.925 E F0 .425
+(is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.925 F .139(hard limits are set.)144
+667.2 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F2(limit)2.729 E F0 .139
(can be a number in the unit speci\214ed for the resource or one)3.319 F
-.741(of the special v)144 477.6 R(alues)-.25 E F3(hard)3.241 E F0(,)A F3
-(soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F3(unlimited)3.241 E F0 3.241(,w)
+.742(of the special v)144 679.2 R(alues)-.25 E F1(hard)3.242 E F0(,)A F1
+(soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F1(unlimited)3.241 E F0 3.241(,w)
C .741(hich stand for the current hard limit, the current)-3.241 F .78
-(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 489.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E
-5.78(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.78 E F1(limit)3.37 E F0 .78
+(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 691.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E
+5.78(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.78 E F2(limit)3.37 E F0 .78
(is omitted, the current v)3.96 F .78(alue of the soft limit of the)-.25
-F .49
8(resource is printed, unless the)144 501.6 R F3<ad48>2.999 E F0
-.499(option is gi)2.999 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.999(n. When).15 F .499
+F .49
9(resource is printed, unless the)144 703.2 R F1<ad48>2.999 E F0
+.499(option is gi)2.999 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.999(n. When).15 F .498
(more than one resource is speci\214ed, the)2.999 F
-(limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 513.6 Q 2.5
-(alue. Other)-.25 F(options are interpreted as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F3
-<ad61>144 525.6 Q F0(All current limits are reported)25.3 E F3<ad63>144
-537.6 Q F0(The maximum size of core \214les created)25.86 E F3<ad64>144
-549.6 Q F0(The maximum size of a process')24.74 E 2.5(sd)-.55 G(ata se)
--2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F3<ad65>144 561.6 Q F0
-(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))25.86 E F3<ad66>144 573.6 Q
-F0(The maximum size of \214les written by the shell and its children)
-26.97 E F3<ad69>144 585.6 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)
-27.52 E F3<ad6c>144 597.6 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)27.52 E
-(ed into memory)-.1 E F3<ad6d>144 609.6 Q F0
-(The maximum resident set size)21.97 E F3<ad6e>144 621.6 Q F0 .791(The \
-maximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do not allo)
-24.74 F 3.29(wt)-.25 G .79(his v)-3.29 F .79(alue to)-.25 F(be set\))180
-633.6 Q F3<ad70>144 645.6 Q F0
-(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))24.74 E F3
-<ad71>144 657.6 Q F0
-(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)24.74 E F3<ad72>144
-669.6 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)25.86 E F3<ad73>144
-681.6 Q F0(The maximum stack size)26.41 E F3<ad74>144 693.6 Q F0
-(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)26.97 E F3<ad75>144 705.6 Q
-F0(The maximum number of processes a)24.74 E -.25(va)-.2 G
-(ilable to a single user).25 E F3<ad76>144 717.6 Q F0
-(The maximum amount of virtual memory a)25.3 E -.25(va)-.2 G
-(ilable to the shell).25 E(GNU Bash-3.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E
-(18)198.725 E 0 Cg EP
+(limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 715.2 Q 2.5
+(alue. Other)-.25 F(options are interpreted as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E
+(GNU Bash-3.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(18)198.725 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 19 19
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48
(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10
-/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad78>144 84 Q F0(The maximum number of \214le locks)
-25.3 E(If)144 100.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(limit)2.933 E F0 .343
-(is gi)3.523 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .343(n, it is the ne).15 F 2.843(wv)-.25 G
-.343(alue of the speci\214ed resource \(the)-3.093 F F1<ad61>2.843 E F0
-.343(option is display only\).)2.843 F .343(If no)5.343 F .176
-(option is gi)144 112.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .176(n, then).15 F F1<ad66>
-2.676 E F0 .175(is assumed.)2.676 F -1.11(Va)5.175 G .175
-(lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .175(xcept for)-.15 F F1
-<ad74>2.675 E F0 2.675(,w)C .175(hich is in)-2.675 F(seconds,)144 124.8
-Q F1<ad70>2.697 E F0 2.697(,w)C .197
-(hich is in units of 512-byte blocks, and)-2.697 F F1<ad6e>2.698 E F0
-(and)2.698 E F1<ad75>2.698 E F0 2.698(,w)C .198(hich are unscaled v)
--2.698 F 2.698(alues. The)-.25 F .404(return status is 0 unless an in)
-144 136.8 R -.25(va)-.4 G .404(lid option or ar).25 F .404
-(gument is supplied, or an error occurs while setting)-.18 F 2.5(an)144
-148.8 S .5 -.25(ew l)-2.5 H(imit.).25 E F1(umask)108 165.6 Q F0([)2.5 E
-F1<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad53>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(mode)-2.5 E F0(])A
-.2(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 177.6 R F2(mode)2.7 E F0
+/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad61>144 84 Q F0(All current limits are reported)25.3 E
+F1<ad62>144 96 Q F0(The maximum sock)24.74 E(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E
+(fer size)-.25 E F1<ad63>144 108 Q F0
+(The maximum size of core \214les created)25.86 E F1<ad64>144 120 Q F0
+(The maximum size of a process')24.74 E 2.5(sd)-.55 G(ata se)-2.5 E
+(gment)-.15 E F1<ad65>144 132 Q F0
+(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))25.86 E F1<ad66>144 144 Q F0
+(The maximum size of \214les written by the shell and its children)26.97
+E F1<ad69>144 156 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)27.52 E F1
+<ad6c>144 168 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)27.52 E
+(ed into memory)-.1 E F1<ad6d>144 180 Q F0
+(The maximum resident set size)21.97 E F1<ad6e>144 192 Q F0 .791(The ma\
+ximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do not allo)24.74
+F 3.291(wt)-.25 G .791(his v)-3.291 F .791(alue to)-.25 F(be set\))180
+204 Q F1<ad70>144 216 Q F0
+(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))24.74 E F1
+<ad71>144 228 Q F0(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)
+24.74 E F1<ad72>144 240 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)
+25.86 E F1<ad73>144 252 Q F0(The maximum stack size)26.41 E F1<ad74>144
+264 Q F0(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)26.97 E F1<ad75>144
+276 Q F0(The maximum number of processes a)24.74 E -.25(va)-.2 G
+(ilable to a single user).25 E F1<ad76>144 288 Q F0
+(The maximum amount of virtual memory a)25.3 E -.25(va)-.2 G
+(ilable to the shell).25 E F1<ad78>144 300 Q F0
+(The maximum number of \214le locks)25.3 E F1<ad54>144 312 Q F0
+(The maximum number of threads)23.63 E(If)144 328.8 Q/F2 10
+/Times-Italic@0 SF(limit)2.933 E F0 .343(is gi)3.523 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
+.343(n, it is the ne).15 F 2.843(wv)-.25 G .343
+(alue of the speci\214ed resource \(the)-3.093 F F1<ad61>2.843 E F0 .343
+(option is display only\).)2.843 F .343(If no)5.343 F .175(option is gi)
+144 340.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .175(n, then).15 F F1<ad66>2.675 E F0 .175
+(is assumed.)2.675 F -1.11(Va)5.175 G .175
+(lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .176(xcept for)-.15 F F1
+<ad74>2.676 E F0 2.676(,w)C .176(hich is in)-2.676 F(seconds,)144 352.8
+Q F1<ad70>2.516 E F0 2.516(,w)C .016
+(hich is in units of 512-byte blocks, and)-2.516 F F1<ad54>2.516 E F0(,)
+A F1<ad62>2.515 E F0(,)A F1<ad6e>2.515 E F0 2.515(,a)C(nd)-2.515 E F1
+<ad75>2.515 E F0 2.515(,w)C .015(hich are unscaled v)-2.515 F(al-)-.25 E
+3.787(ues. The)144 364.8 R 1.287(return status is 0 unless an in)3.787 F
+-.25(va)-.4 G 1.287(lid option or ar).25 F 1.287
+(gument is supplied, or an error occurs)-.18 F(while setting a ne)144
+376.8 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(imit.)-2.5 E F1(umask)108 393.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1
+<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad53>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(mode)-2.5 E F0(])A .2
+(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 405.6 R F2(mode)2.7 E F0
5.2(.I).18 G(f)-5.2 E F2(mode)3.08 E F0(be)2.88 E .2
(gins with a digit, it is interpreted as an octal)-.15 F .066(number; o\
therwise it is interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that acce\
-pted by)144 189.6 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144
-201.6 Q F2(mode)3.262 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.062 F .382
+pted by)144 417.6 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144
+429.6 Q F2(mode)3.263 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.063 F .382
(alue of the mask is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.382 E F1<ad53>2.882 E F0 .382
(option causes the mask to be)2.882 F .547
-(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 213.6 R .547
+(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 441.6 R .547
(ault output is an octal number)-.1 F 5.547(.I)-.55 G 3.047(ft)-5.547 G
(he)-3.047 E F1<ad70>3.047 E F0 .547(option is supplied, and)3.047 F F2
-(mode)144.38 225.6 Q F0 .551
-(is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.)3.231
-F .552(The return status is 0 if the)5.552 F(mode w)144 237.6 Q
+(mode)144.38 453.6 Q F0 .552
+(is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.)3.232
+F .551(The return status is 0 if the)5.551 F(mode w)144 465.6 Q
(as successfully changed or if no)-.1 E F2(mode)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E
(gument w)-.18 E(as supplied, and f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F1
-(unalias)108 254.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0
-(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 266.4 Q 1.955 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(name)
+(unalias)108 482.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0
+(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 494.4 Q 1.955 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(name)
4.155 E F0 1.655(from the list of de\214ned aliases.)4.155 F(If)6.655 E
F1<ad61>4.155 E F0 1.655(is supplied, all alias de\214nitions are)4.155
-F(remo)144 278.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E
+F(remo)144 506.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E
(alue is true unless a supplied)-.25 E F2(name)2.86 E F0
-(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F1(unset)108 295.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1
-(fv)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 307.2 S 3.106
-(re).15 G(ach)-3.106 E F2(name)3.106 E F0 3.106(,r).18 G(emo)-3.106 E
-.906 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .606(he corresponding v).15 F .607
-(ariable or function.)-.25 F .607(If no options are supplied, or the)
-5.607 F F1<ad76>144 319.2 Q F0 .305(option is gi)2.805 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-.305(n, each).15 F F2(name)3.165 E F0 .305(refers to a shell v)2.985 F
-2.805(ariable. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)2.805 G .304
-(riables may not be unset.).25 F(If)5.304 E F1<ad66>144 331.2 Q F0 .459
-(is speci\214ed, each)2.959 F F2(name)3.319 E F0 .459
-(refers to a shell function, and the function de\214nition is remo)3.139
-F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.96(d. Each).15 F .903(unset v)144 343.2 R .903
+(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F1(unset)108 523.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1
+(fv)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 535.2 S 3.107
+(re).15 G(ach)-3.107 E F2(name)3.107 E F0 3.107(,r).18 G(emo)-3.107 E
+.907 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .607(he corresponding v).15 F .607
+(ariable or function.)-.25 F .606(If no options are supplied, or the)
+5.607 F F1<ad76>144 547.2 Q F0 .304(option is gi)2.804 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
+.304(n, each).15 F F2(name)3.164 E F0 .305(refers to a shell v)2.985 F
+2.805(ariable. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)2.805 G .305
+(riables may not be unset.).25 F(If)5.305 E F1<ad66>144 559.2 Q F0 .46
+(is speci\214ed, each)2.96 F F2(name)3.32 E F0 .459
+(refers to a shell function, and the function de\214nition is remo)3.14
+F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.959(d. Each).15 F .902(unset v)144 571.2 R .902
(ariable or function is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.402(df).15 G .902
-(rom the en)-3.402 F .902(vironment passed to subsequent commands.)-.4 F
-(If)5.902 E(an)144 355.2 Q 4.284(yo)-.15 G(f)-4.284 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0
-SF(RANDOM)4.284 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3(SECONDS)4.035 E F4(,)A F3
+(rom the en)-3.402 F .903(vironment passed to subsequent commands.)-.4 F
+(If)5.903 E(an)144 583.2 Q 4.285(yo)-.15 G(f)-4.285 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0
+SF(RANDOM)4.285 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3(SECONDS)4.035 E F4(,)A F3
(LINENO)4.035 E F4(,)A F3(HISTCMD)4.035 E F4(,)A F3(FUNCN)4.035 E(AME)
-.18 E F4(,)A F3(GR)4.035 E(OUPS)-.27 E F4(,)A F0(or)4.035 E F3(DIRST)
-4.285 E -.495(AC)-.81 G(K).495 E F0(are)4.035 E .329(unset, the)144
-367.2 R 2.829(yl)-.15 G .328(ose their special properties, e)-2.829 F
+4.284 E -.495(AC)-.81 G(K).495 E F0(are)4.034 E .328(unset, the)144
+595.2 R 2.828(yl)-.15 G .328(ose their special properties, e)-2.828 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.828(ni).15 G 2.828(ft)-2.828 G(he)-2.828 E 2.828(ya)
--.15 G .328(re subsequently reset.)-2.828 F .328(The e)5.328 F .328
-(xit status is true)-.15 F(unless a)144 379.2 Q F2(name)2.86 E F0
-(is readonly)2.68 E(.)-.65 E F1(wait)108 396 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 2.5(n.)C
-(..)-2.5 E F0(])A -.8(Wa)144 408 S .288
+-.15 G .328(re subsequently reset.)-2.828 F .328(The e)5.328 F .329
+(xit status is true)-.15 F(unless a)144 607.2 Q F2(name)2.86 E F0
+(is readonly)2.68 E(.)-.65 E F1(wait)108 624 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 2.5(n.)C
+(..)-2.5 E F0(])A -.8(Wa)144 636 S .288
(it for each speci\214ed process and return its termination status.).8 F
-(Each)5.288 E F2(n)3.148 E F0 .288(may be a process ID or a)3.028 F .722
-(job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 420 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .722
+(Each)5.288 E F2(n)3.148 E F0 .287(may be a process ID or a)3.028 F .722
+(job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 648 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .722
(n, all processes in that job').15 F 3.222(sp)-.55 G .722(ipeline are w)
--3.222 F .722(aited for)-.1 F 5.722(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.722 E F2(n)3.582 E F0
-(is)3.462 E 1.265(not gi)144 432 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.265
-(n, all currently acti).15 F 1.565 -.15(ve c)-.25 H 1.265
-(hild processes are w).15 F 1.265(aited for)-.1 F 3.765(,a)-.4 G 1.266
-(nd the return status is zero.)-3.765 F(If)6.266 E F2(n)4.126 E F0 .457
-(speci\214es a non-e)144 444 R .457
+-3.222 F .722(aited for)-.1 F 5.722(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.722 E F2(n)3.583 E F0
+(is)3.463 E 1.266(not gi)144 660 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.266
+(n, all currently acti).15 F 1.566 -.15(ve c)-.25 H 1.265
+(hild processes are w).15 F 1.265(aited for)-.1 F 3.765(,a)-.4 G 1.265
+(nd the return status is zero.)-3.765 F(If)6.265 E F2(n)4.125 E F0 .456
+(speci\214es a non-e)144 672 R .457
(xistent process or job, the return status is 127.)-.15 F .457
-(Otherwise, the return status is the)5.457 F -.15(ex)144 456 S
+(Otherwise, the return status is the)5.457 F -.15(ex)144 684 S
(it status of the last process or job w).15 E(aited for)-.1 E(.)-.55 E
-/F5 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SEE ALSO)72 472.8 Q F0(bash\(1\), sh\(1\))108
-484.8 Q(GNU Bash-3.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(19)198.725 E 0 Cg EP
+/F5 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SEE ALSO)72 700.8 Q F0(bash\(1\), sh\(1\))108
+712.8 Q(GNU Bash-3.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(19)198.725 E 0 Cg EP
%%Trailer
end
%%EOF
%!PS-Adobe-3.0
-%%Creator: groff version 1.19.1
-%%CreationDate: Tue Mar 4 08:37:56 2008
+%%Creator: groff version 1.19.2
+%%CreationDate: Tue Apr 8 09:14:15 2008
%%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Roman
%%+ font Times-Bold
-%%DocumentSuppliedResources: procset grops 1.19 1
+%%DocumentSuppliedResources: procset grops 1.19 2
%%Pages: 1
%%PageOrder: Ascend
%%DocumentMedia: Default 595 842 0 () ()
%%PageMedia: Default
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%%BeginProlog
-%%BeginResource: procset grops 1.19 1
+%%BeginResource: procset grops 1.19 2
%!PS-Adobe-3.0 Resource-ProcSet
/setpacking where{
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/EP{
level0 restore
showpage
-}bind def
+}def
/DA{
newpath arcn stroke
}bind def
/setpagedevice{}def
}bind def
/PEND{
-clear
countdictstack CNT sub{end}repeat
level1 restore
}bind def
Copyright (C) 1988-2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@end ignore
-@set LASTCHANGE Sat Apr 5 22:13:08 EDT 2008
+@set LASTCHANGE Sat Apr 12 17:15:43 EDT 2008
@set EDITION 3.2
@set VERSION 3.2
-@set UPDATED 5 April 2008
+@set UPDATED 12 April 2008
@set UPDATED-MONTH April 2008
Copyright (C) 1988-2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@end ignore
-@set LASTCHANGE Thu Mar 27 22:19:20 EDT 2008
+@set LASTCHANGE Sat Apr 5 22:13:08 EDT 2008
@set EDITION 3.2
@set VERSION 3.2
-@set UPDATED 27 March 2008
-@set UPDATED-MONTH March 2008
+@set UPDATED 5 April 2008
+@set UPDATED-MONTH April 2008
/* error.c -- Functions for handling errors. */
-/* Copyright (C) 1993-2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+/* Copyright (C) 1993-2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
if (bash_source_v && array_p (bash_source_v) &&
(bash_source_a = array_cell (bash_source_v)))
name = array_reference (bash_source_a, 0);
- if (name == 0)
+ if (name == 0 || *name == '\0') /* XXX - was just name == 0 */
#endif
name = dollar_vars[0];
}
}
char *basename_doc[] = {
+ "Return non-directory portion of pathname.",
+ "",
"The STRING is converted to a filename corresponding to the last",
"pathname component in STRING. If the suffix string SUFFIX is",
"supplied, it is removed.",
#include <stdio.h>
#include "builtins.h"
#include "shell.h"
+#include "common.h"
basename_builtin (list)
WORD_LIST *list;
}
char *cat_doc[] = {
+ "Display files.",
+ "",
"Read each FILE and display it on the standard output. If any",
"FILE is `-' or if no FILE argument is given, the standard input",
"is read.",
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * cat replacement
+ *
+ * no options - the way cat was intended
+ */
+
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+
+#include "builtins.h"
+#include "shell.h"
+
+#ifndef errno
+extern int errno;
+#endif
+
+extern char *strerror ();
+extern char **make_builtin_argv ();
+
+static int
+fcopy(fd)
+int fd;
+{
+ char buf[1024], *s;
+ int n, w, e;
+
+ while (n = read(fd, buf, sizeof (buf))) {
+ w = write(1, buf, n);
+ if (w != n) {
+ e = errno;
+ write(2, "cat: write error: ", 18);
+ s = strerror(e);
+ write(2, s, strlen(s));
+ write(2, "\n", 1);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+cat_main (argc, argv)
+int argc;
+char **argv;
+{
+ int i, fd, r;
+ char *s;
+
+ if (argc == 1)
+ return (fcopy(0));
+
+ for (i = r = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+ if (argv[i][0] == '-' && argv[i][1] == '\0')
+ fd = 0;
+ else {
+ fd = open(argv[i], O_RDONLY, 0666);
+ if (fd < 0) {
+ s = strerror(errno);
+ write(2, "cat: cannot open ", 17);
+ write(2, argv[i], strlen(argv[i]));
+ write(2, ": ", 2);
+ write(2, s, strlen(s));
+ write(2, "\n", 1);
+ continue;
+ }
+ }
+ r = fcopy(fd);
+ if (fd != 0)
+ close(fd);
+ }
+ return (r);
+}
+
+cat_builtin(list)
+WORD_LIST *list;
+{
+ char **v;
+ int c, r;
+
+ v = make_builtin_argv(list, &c);
+ r = cat_main(c, v);
+ free(v);
+
+ return r;
+}
+
+char *cat_doc[] = {
+ "Read each FILE and display it on the standard output. If any",
+ "FILE is `-' or if no FILE argument is given, the standard input",
+ "is read.",
+ (char *)0
+};
+
+struct builtin cat_struct = {
+ "cat",
+ cat_builtin,
+ BUILTIN_ENABLED,
+ cat_doc,
+ "cat [-] [file ...]",
+ 0
+};
}
static char *cut_doc[] = {
+ "Select portions of lines.",
+ "",
"Select portions of each line (as specified by LIST) from each FILE",
"(by default, the standard input), and write them to the standard output.",
"Items specified by LIST are either column positions or fields delimited",
#include "builtins.h"
#include "shell.h"
#include "bashgetopt.h"
+#include "common.h"
#if !defined (errno)
extern int errno;
}
char *dirname_doc[] = {
+ "Display directory portion of pathname.",
+ "",
"The STRING is converted to the name of the directory containing",
"the filename corresponding to the last pathname component in STRING.",
(char *)NULL
#include <stdio.h>
#include "builtins.h"
#include "shell.h"
+#include "common.h"
dirname_builtin (list)
WORD_LIST *list;
}
static char *finfo_doc[] = {
+ "Display information about file attributes.",
+ "",
"Display information about each FILE. Only single operators should",
"be supplied. If no options are supplied, a summary of the info",
"available about each FILE is printed. If FILE is of the form",
#include <pwd.h>
#include <grp.h>
#include <errno.h>
+#include "posixtime.h"
#include "bashansi.h"
#include "shell.h"
}
static char *getconf_doc[] = {
+ "Display values of system limits and options.",
+ "",
"getconf writes the current value of a configurable system limit or",
"option variable to the standard output.",
(char *)NULL
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * ORIGINAL COPYRIGHT STATEMENT:
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 1994 Winning Strategies, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
+ * must display the following acknowledgement:
+ * This product includes software developed by Winning Strategies, Inc.
+ * 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
+ * derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
+ * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
+ * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
+ * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+ * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+ * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+ * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
+ * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * POSIX.2 getconf utility
+ *
+ * Originally Written by:
+ * J.T. Conklin (jtc@wimsey.com), Winning Strategies, Inc.
+ *
+ * Heavily modified for inclusion in bash by
+ * Chet Ramey <chet@po.cwru.edu>
+ */
+
+#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
+# include <config.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef HAVE_SYS_PARAM_H
+# include <sys/param.h>
+#endif
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#ifdef HAVE_LIMITS_H
+#include <limits.h>
+#endif
+#ifdef HAVE_LOCALE_H
+#include <locale.h>
+#endif
+#ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
+#include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+#include <errno.h>
+
+#include "typemax.h"
+
+#include "bashansi.h"
+#include "shell.h"
+#include "builtins.h"
+#include "stdc.h"
+#include "common.h"
+#include "bashgetopt.h"
+
+#include "getconf.h"
+
+#ifndef errno
+extern int errno;
+#endif
+
+struct conf_variable
+{
+ const char *name;
+ enum { SYSCONF, CONFSTR, PATHCONF, CONSTANT, LLCONST, G_UNDEF } type;
+ long value;
+};
+
+#ifndef HAVE_CONFSTR
+static size_t confstr __P((int, char *, size_t));
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_SYSCONF
+static long sysconf __P((int));
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_PATHCONF
+static long pathconf __P((const char *, int));
+#endif
+
+/* Hack to `encode' values wider than long into a conf_variable */
+#define VAL_LLONG_MIN -1000
+#define VAL_LLONG_MAX -1001
+#define VAL_ULLONG_MAX -1002
+
+static const struct conf_variable conf_table[] =
+{
+ /* POSIX.2 Configurable Variable Values */
+ { "PATH", CONFSTR, _CS_PATH },
+ { "CS_PATH", CONFSTR, _CS_PATH },
+
+ /* POSIX.1 Configurable Variable Values (only Solaris?) */
+#if defined (_CS_LFS_CFLAGS)
+ { "LFS_CFLAGS", CONFSTR, _CS_LFS_CFLAGS },
+ { "LFS_LDFLAGS", CONFSTR, _CS_LFS_LDFLAGS },
+ { "LFS_LIBS", CONFSTR, _CS_LFS_LIBS },
+ { "LFS_LINTFLAGS", CONFSTR, _CS_LFS_LINTFLAGS },
+#endif
+#if defined (_CS_LFS64_CFLAGS)
+ { "LFS64_CFLAGS", CONFSTR, _CS_LFS64_CFLAGS },
+ { "LFS64_LDFLAGS", CONFSTR, _CS_LFS64_LDFLAGS },
+ { "LFS64_LIBS", CONFSTR, _CS_LFS64_LIBS },
+ { "LFS64_LINTFLAGS", CONFSTR, _CS_LFS64_LINTFLAGS },
+#endif
+
+ /* Single UNIX Specification version 2 Configurable Variable Values. The
+ SYSCONF variables say whether or not the appropriate CONFSTR variables
+ are available. */
+#if defined (_SC_XBS5_ILP32_OFF32)
+ { "XBS5_ILP32_OFF32", SYSCONF, _SC_XBS5_ILP32_OFF32 },
+ { "_XBS5_ILP32_OFF32", SYSCONF, _SC_XBS5_ILP32_OFF32 },
+#endif
+#if defined (_CS_XBS5_ILP32_OFF32_CFLAGS)
+ { "XBS5_ILP32_OFF32_CFLAGS", CONFSTR, _CS_XBS5_ILP32_OFF32_CFLAGS },
+ { "XBS5_ILP32_OFF32_LDFLAGS", CONFSTR, _CS_XBS5_ILP32_OFF32_LDFLAGS },
+ { "XBS5_ILP32_OFF32_LIBS", CONFSTR, _CS_XBS5_ILP32_OFF32_LIBS },
+ { "XBS5_ILP32_OFF32_LINTFLAGS", CONFSTR, _CS_XBS5_ILP32_OFF32_LINTFLAGS },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_XBS5_ILP32_OFFBIG)
+ { "XBS5_ILP32_OFFBIG", SYSCONF, _SC_XBS5_ILP32_OFFBIG },
+ { "_XBS5_ILP32_OFFBIG", SYSCONF, _SC_XBS5_ILP32_OFFBIG },
+#endif
+#if defined (_CS_XBS5_ILP32_OFFBIG_CFLAGS)
+ { "XBS5_ILP32_OFFBIG_CFLAGS", CONFSTR, _CS_XBS5_ILP32_OFFBIG_CFLAGS },
+ { "XBS5_ILP32_OFFBIG_LDFLAGS", CONFSTR, _CS_XBS5_ILP32_OFFBIG_LDFLAGS },
+ { "XBS5_ILP32_OFFBIG_LIBS", CONFSTR, _CS_XBS5_ILP32_OFFBIG_LIBS },
+ { "XBS5_ILP32_OFFBIG_LINTFLAGS", CONFSTR, _CS_XBS5_ILP32_OFFBIG_LINTFLAGS },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_XBS5_LP64_OFF64)
+ { "XBS5_LP64_OFF64", SYSCONF, _SC_XBS5_LP64_OFF64 },
+ { "_XBS5_LP64_OFF64", SYSCONF, _SC_XBS5_LP64_OFF64 },
+#endif
+#if defined (_CS_XBS5_LP64_OFF64_CFLAGS)
+ { "XBS5_LP64_OFF64_CFLAGS", CONFSTR, _CS_XBS5_LP64_OFF64_CFLAGS },
+ { "XBS5_LP64_OFF64_LDFLAGS", CONFSTR, _CS_XBS5_LP64_OFF64_LDFLAGS },
+ { "XBS5_LP64_OFF64_LIBS", CONFSTR, _CS_XBS5_LP64_OFF64_LIBS },
+ { "XBS5_LP64_OFF64_LINTFLAGS", CONFSTR, _CS_XBS5_LP64_OFF64_LINTFLAGS },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_XBS5_LPBIG_OFFBIG)
+ { "XBS5_LPBIG_OFFBIG", SYSCONF, _SC_XBS5_LPBIG_OFFBIG },
+ { "_XBS5_LPBIG_OFFBIG", SYSCONF, _SC_XBS5_LPBIG_OFFBIG },
+#endif
+#if defined (_CS_XBS5_LPBIG_OFFBIG_CFLAGS)
+ { "XBS5_LPBIG_OFFBIG_CFLAGS", CONFSTR, _CS_XBS5_LPBIG_OFFBIG_CFLAGS },
+ { "XBS5_LPBIG_OFFBIG_LDFLAGS", CONFSTR, _CS_XBS5_LPBIG_OFFBIG_LDFLAGS },
+ { "XBS5_LPBIG_OFFBIG_LIBS", CONFSTR, _CS_XBS5_LPBIG_OFFBIG_LIBS },
+ { "XBS5_LPBIG_OFFBIG_LINTFLAGS", CONFSTR, _CS_XBS5_LPBIG_OFFBIG_LINTFLAGS },
+#endif
+
+ /* Single UNIX Specification version 3 (POSIX.1-200x) Configurable Variable
+ Values. The SYSCONF variables say whether or not the appropriate CONFSTR
+ variables are available. */
+
+#if defined (_SC_POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFF32)
+ { "_POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFF32", SYSCONF, _SC_POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFF32 },
+#endif
+#if defined (_CS_POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFF32_CFLAGS)
+ { "POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFF32_CFLAGS", CONFSTR, _CS_POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFF32_CFLAGS },
+ { "POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFF32_LDFLAGS", CONFSTR, _CS_POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFF32_LDFLAGS },
+ { "POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFF32_LIBS", CONFSTR, _CS_POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFF32_LIBS },
+#endif
+#if defined (_CS_POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFF32_LINTFLAGS)
+ { "POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFF32_LINTFLAGS", CONFSTR, _CS_POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFF32_LINTFLAGS },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFFBIG)
+ { "_POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFFBIG", SYSCONF, _SC_POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFFBIG },
+#endif
+#if defined (_CS_POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFFBIG_CFLAGS)
+ { "POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFFBIG_CFLAGS", CONFSTR, _CS_POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFFBIG_CFLAGS },
+ { "POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFFBIG_LDFLAGS", CONFSTR, _CS_POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFFBIG_LDFLAGS },
+ { "POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFFBIG_LIBS", CONFSTR, _CS_POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFFBIG_LIBS },
+#endif
+#if defined (_CS_POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFFBIG_LINTFLAGS)
+ { "POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFFBIG_LINTFLAGS", CONFSTR, _CS_POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFFBIG_LINTFLAGS },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_POSIX_V6_LP64_OFF64)
+ { "_POSIX_V6_LP64_OFF64", SYSCONF, _SC_POSIX_V6_LP64_OFF64 },
+#endif
+#if defined (_CS_POSIX_V6_LP64_OFF64_CFLAGS)
+ { "POSIX_V6_LP64_OFF64_CFLAGS", CONFSTR, _CS_POSIX_V6_LP64_OFF64_CFLAGS },
+ { "POSIX_V6_LP64_OFF64_LDFLAGS", CONFSTR, _CS_POSIX_V6_LP64_OFF64_LDFLAGS },
+ { "POSIX_V6_LP64_OFF64_LIBS", CONFSTR, _CS_POSIX_V6_LP64_OFF64_LIBS },
+#endif
+#if defined (CS_POSIX_V6_LP64_OFF64_LINTFLAGS)
+ { "POSIX_V6_LP64_OFF64_LINTFLAGS", CONFSTR, _CS_POSIX_V6_LP64_OFF64_LINTFLAGS },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_POSIX_V6_LPBIG_OFFBIG)
+ { "_POSIX_V6_LPBIG_OFFBIG", SYSCONF, _SC_POSIX_V6_LPBIG_OFFBIG },
+#endif
+#if defined (_CS_POSIX_V6_LPBIG_OFFBIG_CFLAGS)
+ { "POSIX_V6_LPBIG_OFFBIG_CFLAGS", CONFSTR, _CS_POSIX_V6_LPBIG_OFFBIG_CFLAGS },
+ { "POSIX_V6_LPBIG_OFFBIG_LDFLAGS", CONFSTR, _CS_POSIX_V6_LPBIG_OFFBIG_LDFLAGS },
+ { "POSIX_V6_LPBIG_OFFBIG_LIBS", CONFSTR, _CS_POSIX_V6_LPBIG_OFFBIG_LIBS },
+#endif
+#if defined (_CS_POSIX_V6_LPBIG_OFFBIG_LINTFLAGS)
+ { "POSIX_V6_LPBIG_OFFBIG_LINTFLAGS", CONFSTR, _CS_POSIX_V6_LPBIG_OFFBIG_LINTFLAGS },
+#endif
+
+#if defined (_CS_POSIX_V6_WIDTH_RESTRICTED_ENVS)
+ { "POSIX_6_WIDTH_RESTRICTED_ENVS", CONFSTR, _CS_POSIX_V6_WIDTH_RESTRICTED_ENVS },
+#endif
+
+ /* POSIX.2 Utility Limit Minimum Values */
+#ifdef _POSIX2_BC_BASE_MAX
+ { "POSIX2_BC_BASE_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX2_BC_BASE_MAX },
+#else
+ { "POSIX2_BC_BASE_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX2_BC_DIM_MAX
+ { "POSIX2_BC_DIM_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX2_BC_DIM_MAX },
+#else
+ { "POSIX2_BC_DIM_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX2_BC_SCALE_MAX
+ { "POSIX2_BC_SCALE_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX2_BC_SCALE_MAX },
+#else
+ { "POSIX2_BC_SCALE_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX2_BC_STRING_MAX
+ { "POSIX2_BC_STRING_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX2_BC_STRING_MAX },
+#else
+ { "POSIX2_BC_STRING_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX2_CHARCLASS_NAME_MAX
+ { "POSIX2_CHARCLASS_NAME_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX2_CHARCLASS_NAME_MAX },
+#else
+ { "POSIX2_CHARCLASS_NAME_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX2_COLL_WEIGHTS_MAX
+ { "POSIX2_COLL_WEIGHTS_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX2_COLL_WEIGHTS_MAX },
+#else
+ { "POSIX2_COLL_WEIGHTS_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#if defined (_POSIX2_EQUIV_CLASS_MAX)
+ { "POSIX2_EQUIV_CLASS_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX2_EQUIV_CLASS_MAX },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX2_EXPR_NEST_MAX
+ { "POSIX2_EXPR_NEST_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX2_EXPR_NEST_MAX },
+#else
+ { "POSIX2_EXPR_NEST_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX2_LINE_MAX
+ { "POSIX2_LINE_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX2_LINE_MAX },
+#else
+ { "POSIX2_LINE_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX2_RE_DUP_MAX
+ { "POSIX2_RE_DUP_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX2_RE_DUP_MAX },
+#else
+ { "POSIX2_RE_DUP_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#if defined (_POSIX2_VERSION)
+ { "POSIX2_VERSION", CONSTANT, _POSIX2_VERSION },
+#else
+# if !defined (_SC_2_VERSION)
+ { "POSIX2_VERSION", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _POSIX2_BC_BASE_MAX
+ { "_POSIX2_BC_BASE_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX2_BC_BASE_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX2_BC_BASE_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX2_BC_DIM_MAX
+ { "_POSIX2_BC_DIM_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX2_BC_DIM_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX2_BC_DIM_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX2_BC_SCALE_MAX
+ { "_POSIX2_BC_SCALE_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX2_BC_SCALE_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX2_BC_SCALE_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX2_BC_STRING_MAX
+ { "_POSIX2_BC_STRING_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX2_BC_STRING_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX2_BC_STRING_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX2_CHARCLASS_NAME_MAX
+ { "_POSIX2_CHARCLASS_NAME_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX2_CHARCLASS_NAME_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX2_CHARCLASS_NAME_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX2_COLL_WEIGHTS_MAX
+ { "_POSIX2_COLL_WEIGHTS_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX2_COLL_WEIGHTS_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX2_COLL_WEIGHTS_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#if defined (_POSIX2_EQUIV_CLASS_MAX)
+ { "POSIX2_EQUIV_CLASS_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX2_EQUIV_CLASS_MAX },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX2_EXPR_NEST_MAX
+ { "_POSIX2_EXPR_NEST_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX2_EXPR_NEST_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX2_EXPR_NEST_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX2_LINE_MAX
+ { "_POSIX2_LINE_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX2_LINE_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX2_LINE_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX2_RE_DUP_MAX
+ { "_POSIX2_RE_DUP_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX2_RE_DUP_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX2_RE_DUP_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+
+ /* X/OPEN Maxmimum Values */
+#ifdef _XOPEN_IOV_MAX
+ { "_XOPEN_IOV_MAX", CONSTANT, _XOPEN_IOV_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_XOPEN_IOV_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _XOPEN_NAME_MAX
+ { "_XOPEN_NAME_MAX", CONSTANT, _XOPEN_NAME_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_XOPEN_NAME_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _XOPEN_PATH_MAX
+ { "_XOPEN_PATH_MAX", CONSTANT, _XOPEN_PATH_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_XOPEN_PATH_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+
+ /* POSIX.1 Minimum Values */
+#ifdef _POSIX_AIO_LISTIO_MAX
+ { "_POSIX_AIO_LISTIO_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX_AIO_LISTIO_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX_AIO_LISTIO_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX_AIO_MAX
+ { "_POSIX_AIO_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX_AIO_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX_AIO_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX_ARG_MAX
+ { "_POSIX_ARG_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX_ARG_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX_ARG_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX_CHILD_MAX
+ { "_POSIX_CHILD_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX_CHILD_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX_CHILD_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX_DELAYTIMER_MAX
+ { "_POSIX_DELAYTIMER_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX_DELAYTIMER_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX_DELAYTIMER_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX_HOST_NAME_MAX
+ { "_POSIX_HOST_NAME_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX_HOST_NAME_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX_HOST_NAME_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX_LINK_MAX
+ { "_POSIX_LINK_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX_LINK_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX_LINK_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX_LOGIN_NAME_MAX
+ { "_POSIX_LOGIN_NAME_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX_LOGIN_NAME_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX_LOGIN_NAME_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX_MAX_CANON
+ { "_POSIX_MAX_CANON", CONSTANT, _POSIX_MAX_CANON },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX_MAX_CANON", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX_MAX_INPUT
+ { "_POSIX_MAX_INPUT", CONSTANT, _POSIX_MAX_INPUT },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX_MAX_INPUT", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX_MQ_OPEN_MAX
+ { "_POSIX_MQ_OPEN_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX_MQ_OPEN_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX_MQ_OPEN_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX_MQ_PRIO_MAX
+ { "_POSIX_MQ_PRIO_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX_MQ_PRIO_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX_MQ_PRIO_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX_NAME_MAX
+ { "_POSIX_NAME_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX_NAME_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX_NAME_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX_NGROUPS_MAX
+ { "_POSIX_NGROUPS_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX_NGROUPS_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX_NGROUPS_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX_OPEN_MAX
+ { "_POSIX_OPEN_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX_OPEN_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX_OPEN_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX_PATH_MAX
+ { "_POSIX_PATH_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX_PATH_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX_PATH_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX_PIPE_BUF
+ { "_POSIX_PIPE_BUF", CONSTANT, _POSIX_PIPE_BUF },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX_PIPE_BUF", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX_RE_DUP_MAX
+ { "_POSIX_RE_DUP_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX_RE_DUP_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX_RE_DUP_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX_RTSIG_MAX
+ { "_POSIX_RTSIG_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX_RTSIG_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX_RTSIG_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX_SEM_NSEMS_MAX
+ { "_POSIX_SEM_NSEMS_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX_SEM_NSEMS_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX_SEM_NSEMS_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX_SEM_VALUE_MAX
+ { "_POSIX_SEM_VALUE_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX_SEM_VALUE_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX_SEM_VALUE_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX_SIGQUEUE_MAX
+ { "_POSIX_SIGQUEUE_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX_SIGQUEUE_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX_SIGQUEUE_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX_SSIZE_MAX
+ { "_POSIX_SSIZE_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX_SSIZE_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX_SSIZE_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX_SS_REPL_MAX
+ { "_POSIX_SS_REPL_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX_SS_REPL_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX_SS_REPL_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX_STREAM_MAX
+ { "_POSIX_STREAM_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX_STREAM_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX_STREAM_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX_SYMLINK_MAX
+ { "_POSIX_SYMLINK_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX_SYMLINK_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX_SYMLINK_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX_SYMLOOP_MAX
+ { "_POSIX_SYMLOOP_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX_SYMLOOP_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX_SYMLOOP_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX_THREAD_DESTRUCTOR_ITERATIONS
+ { "_POSIX_THREAD_DESTRUCTOR_ITERATIONS", CONSTANT, _POSIX_THREAD_DESTRUCTOR_ITERATIONS },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX_THREAD_DESTRUCTOR_ITERATIONS", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX_THREAD_KEYS_MAX
+ { "_POSIX_THREAD_KEYS_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX_THREAD_KEYS_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX_THREAD_KEYS_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX_THREAD_THREADS_MAX
+ { "_POSIX_THREAD_THREADS_MAX",CONSTANT, _POSIX_THREAD_THREADS_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX_THREAD_THREADS_MAX",G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX_TIMER_MAX
+ { "_POSIX_TIMER_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX_TIMER_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX_TIMER_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX_TRACE_EVENT_NAME_MAX
+ { "_POSIX_TRACE_EVENT_NAME_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX_TRACE_EVENT_NAME_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX_TRACE_EVENT_NAME_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX_TRACE_NAME_MAX
+ { "_POSIX_TRACE_NAME_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX_TRACE_NAME_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX_TRACE_NAME_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX_TRACE_SYS_MAX
+ { "_POSIX_TRACE_SYS_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX_TRACE_SYS_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX_TRACE_SYS_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX_TRACE_USER_EVENT_MAX
+ { "_POSIX_TRACE_USER_EVENT_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX_TRACE_USER_EVENT_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX_TRACE_USER_EVENT_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX_TTY_NAME_MAX
+ { "_POSIX_TTY_NAME_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX_TTY_NAME_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX_TTY_NAME_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _POSIX_TZNAME_MAX
+ { "_POSIX_TZNAME_MAX", CONSTANT, _POSIX_TZNAME_MAX },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX_TZNAME_MAX", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+
+ /* POSIX.1 Maximum Values */
+#ifdef _POSIX_CLOCKRES_MIN
+ { "_POSIX_CLOCKRES_MIN", CONSTANT, _POSIX_CLOCKRES_MIN },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX_CLOCKRES_MIN", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+
+ /* POSIX.1-2001/XPG6 (and later) Runtime Invariants from <limits.h> */
+#ifdef _SC_SS_REPL_MAX
+ { "SS_REPL_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_SS_REPL_MAX },
+#endif
+#ifdef _SC_TRACE_EVENT_NAME_MAX
+ { "TRACE_EVENT_NAME_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_TRACE_EVENT_NAME_MAX },
+#endif
+#ifdef _SC_TRACE_NAME_MAX
+ { "TRACE_NAME_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_TRACE_NAME_MAX },
+#endif
+#ifdef _SC_TRACE_SYS_MAX
+ { "TRACE_SYS_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_TRACE_SYS_MAX },
+#endif
+#ifdef _SC_TRACE_USER_EVENT_MAX
+ { "TRACE_USER_EVENT_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_TRACE_USER_EVENT_MAX },
+#endif
+
+ /* POSIX.2/XPG 4.2 (and later) Symbolic Utility Limits */
+#ifdef _SC_BC_BASE_MAX
+ { "BC_BASE_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_BC_BASE_MAX },
+#endif
+#ifdef _SC_BC_DIM_MAX
+ { "BC_DIM_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_BC_DIM_MAX },
+#endif
+#ifdef _SC_BC_SCALE_MAX
+ { "BC_SCALE_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_BC_SCALE_MAX },
+#endif
+#ifdef _SC_BC_STRING_MAX
+ { "BC_STRING_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_BC_STRING_MAX },
+#endif
+#ifdef CHARCLASS_NAME_MAX
+ { "CHARCLASS_NAME_MAX", CONSTANT, CHARCLASS_NAME_MAX },
+#endif
+#ifdef _SC_COLL_WEIGHTS_MAX
+ { "COLL_WEIGHTS_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_COLL_WEIGHTS_MAX },
+#endif
+#ifdef _SC_EXPR_NEST_MAX
+ { "EXPR_NEST_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_EXPR_NEST_MAX },
+#endif
+#ifdef _SC_LINE_MAX
+ { "LINE_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_LINE_MAX },
+#endif
+# ifdef NL_ARGMAX
+ { "NL_ARGMAX", CONSTANT, NL_ARGMAX },
+#endif
+#ifdef NL_LANGMAX
+ { "NL_LANGMAX", CONSTANT, NL_LANGMAX },
+#endif
+#ifdef NL_MSGMAX
+ { "NL_MSGMAX", CONSTANT, NL_MSGMAX },
+#endif
+#ifdef NL_NMAX
+ { "NL_NMAX", CONSTANT, NL_NMAX },
+#endif
+#ifdef NL_SETMAX
+ { "NL_SETMAX", CONSTANT, NL_SETMAX },
+#endif
+#ifdef NL_TEXTMAX
+ { "NL_TEXTMAX", CONSTANT, NL_TEXTMAX },
+#endif
+#ifdef _SC_RAW_SOCKET
+ { "RAW_SOCKET", SYSCONF, _SC_RAW_SOCKET },
+#endif
+#ifdef _SC_RE_DUP_MAX
+ { "RE_DUP_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_RE_DUP_MAX },
+#endif
+
+ /* POSIX.2 Optional Facility Configuration Values */
+#ifdef _SC_2_C_BIND
+ { "POSIX2_C_BIND", SYSCONF, _SC_2_C_BIND },
+#else
+ { "POSIX2_C_BIND", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _SC_2_C_DEV
+ { "POSIX2_C_DEV", SYSCONF, _SC_2_C_DEV },
+#else
+ { "POSIX2_C_DEV", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_2_C_VERSION)
+ { "POSIX2_C_VERSION", SYSCONF, _SC_2_C_VERSION },
+#else
+ { "POSIX2_C_VERSION", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_2_CHAR_TERM)
+ { "POSIX2_CHAR_TERM", SYSCONF, _SC_2_CHAR_TERM },
+#else
+ { "POSIX2_CHAR_TERM", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _SC_2_FORT_DEV
+ { "POSIX2_FORT_DEV", SYSCONF, _SC_2_FORT_DEV },
+#else
+ { "POSIX2_FORT_DEV", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _SC_2_FORT_RUN
+ { "POSIX2_FORT_RUN", SYSCONF, _SC_2_FORT_RUN },
+#else
+ { "POSIX2_FORT_RUN", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _SC_2_LOCALEDEF
+ { "POSIX2_LOCALEDEF", SYSCONF, _SC_2_LOCALEDEF },
+#else
+ { "POSIX2_LOCALEDEF", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#ifdef _SC_2_SW_DEV
+ { "POSIX2_SW_DEV", SYSCONF, _SC_2_SW_DEV },
+#else
+ { "POSIX2_SW_DEV", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC2_UPE)
+ { "POSIX2_UPE", SYSCONF, _SC_2_UPE },
+#else
+ { "POSIX2_UPE", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#if !defined (_POSIX2_VERSION) && defined (_SC_2_VERSION)
+ { "_POSIX2_VERSION", SYSCONF, _SC_2_VERSION },
+#else
+ { "_POSIX2_VERSION", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_REGEX_VERSION)
+ { "REGEX_VERSION", SYSCONF, _SC_REGEX_VERSION },
+ { "_REGEX_VERSION", SYSCONF, _SC_REGEX_VERSION },
+#else
+ { "REGEX_VERSION", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+ { "_REGEX_VERSION", G_UNDEF, -1 },
+#endif
+
+#if defined (_SC_2_PBS)
+ { "_POSIX2_PBS", SYSCONF, _SC_2_PBS },
+ { "_POSIX2_PBS_ACCOUNTING", SYSCONF, _SC_2_PBS_ACCOUNTING },
+# if defined (_SC_2_PBS_CHECKPOINT)
+ { "_POSIX2_PBS_CHECKPOINT", SYSCONF, _SC_2_PBS_CHECKPOINT },
+# endif
+ { "_POSIX2_PBS_LOCATE", SYSCONF, _SC_2_PBS_LOCATE },
+ { "_POSIX2_PBS_MESSAGE", SYSCONF, _SC_2_PBS_MESSAGE },
+ { "_POSIX2_PBS_TRACK", SYSCONF, _SC_2_PBS_TRACK },
+#endif
+
+ /* POSIX.1 Configurable System Variables */
+#ifdef _SC_ARG_MAX
+ { "ARG_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_ARG_MAX },
+#endif
+#ifdef _SC_CHILD_MAX
+ { "CHILD_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_CHILD_MAX },
+#endif
+#ifdef _SC_CLK_TCK
+ { "CLK_TCK", SYSCONF, _SC_CLK_TCK },
+#endif
+#ifdef _SC_DELAYTIMER_MAX
+ { "DELAYTIMER_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_DELAYTIMER_MAX },
+#endif
+#ifdef _SC_NGROUPS_MAX
+ { "NGROUPS_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_NGROUPS_MAX },
+#endif
+#ifdef NZERO
+ { "NZERO", CONSTANT, NZERO },
+#endif
+#ifdef _SC_OPEN_MAX
+ { "OPEN_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_OPEN_MAX },
+#endif
+#ifdef PASS_MAX
+ { "PASS_MAX", CONSTANT, PASS_MAX },
+#endif
+#ifdef _SC_STREAM_MAX
+ { "STREAM_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_STREAM_MAX },
+#endif
+#ifdef TMP_MAX
+ { "TMP_MAX", CONSTANT, TMP_MAX },
+#endif
+#ifdef _SC_TZNAME_MAX
+ { "TZNAME_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_TZNAME_MAX },
+#endif
+
+ /* POSIX.1 Optional Facility Configuration Values */
+#if defined (_SC_ADVISORY_INFO)
+ { "_POSIX_ADVISORY_INFO", SYSCONF, _SC_ADVISORY_INFO },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_ASYNCHRONOUS_IO)
+ { "_POSIX_ASYNCHRONOUS_IO", SYSCONF, _SC_ASYNCHRONOUS_IO },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_BARRIERS)
+ { "_POSIX_BARRIERS", SYSCONF, _SC_BARRIERS },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_BASE)
+ { "_POSIX_BASE", SYSCONF, _SC_BASE },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_C_LANG_SUPPORT)
+ { "_POSIX_C_LANG_SUPPORT", SYSCONF, _SC_C_LANG_SUPPORT },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_C_LANG_SUPPORT_R)
+ { "_POSIX_C_LANG_SUPPORT_R", SYSCONF, _SC_C_LANG_SUPPORT_R },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_CLOCK_SELECTION)
+ { "_POSIX_CLOCK_SELECTION", SYSCONF, _SC_CLOCK_SELECTION },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_CPUTIME)
+ { "_POSIX_CPUTIME", SYSCONF, _SC_CPUTIME },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_DEVICE_IO)
+ { "_POSIX_DEVICE_IO", SYSCONF, _SC_DEVICE_IO },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_DEVICE_SPECIFIC)
+ { "_POSIX_DEVICE_SPECIFIC", SYSCONF, _SC_DEVICE_SPECIFIC },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_DEVICE_SPECIFIC_R)
+ { "_POSIX_DEVICE_SPECIFIC_R", SYSCONF, _SC_DEVICE_SPECIFIC_R },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_FD_MGMT)
+ { "_POSIX_FD_MGMT", SYSCONF, _SC_FD_MGMT },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_FIFO)
+ { "_POSIX_FIFO", SYSCONF, _SC_FIFO },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_FILE_ATTRIBUTES)
+ { "_POSIX_FILE_ATTRIBUTES", SYSCONF, _SC_FILE_ATTRIBUTES },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_FILE_LOCKING)
+ { "_POSIX_FILE_LOCKING", SYSCONF, _SC_FILE_LOCKING },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_FILE_SYSTEM)
+ { "_POSIX_FILE_SYSTEM", SYSCONF, _SC_FILE_SYSTEM },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_FSYNC)
+ { "_POSIX_FSYNC", SYSCONF, _SC_FSYNC },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_IPV6)
+ { "_POSIX_IPV6", SYSCONF, _SC_IPV6 },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_JOB_CONTROL)
+ { "_POSIX_JOB_CONTROL", SYSCONF, _SC_JOB_CONTROL },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_MAPPED_FILES)
+ { "_POSIX_MAPPED_FILES", SYSCONF, _SC_MAPPED_FILES },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_MEMLOCK)
+ { "_POSIX_MEMLOCK", SYSCONF, _SC_MEMLOCK },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_MEMLOCK_RANGE)
+ { "_POSIX_MEMLOCK_RANGE", SYSCONF, _SC_MEMLOCK_RANGE },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_MEMORY_PROTECTION)
+ { "_POSIX_MEMORY_PROTECTION", SYSCONF, _SC_MEMORY_PROTECTION },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_MESSAGE_PASSING)
+ { "_POSIX_MESSAGE_PASSING", SYSCONF, _SC_MESSAGE_PASSING },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_MONOTONIC_CLOCK)
+ { "_POSIX_MONOTONIC_CLOCK", SYSCONF, _SC_MONOTONIC_CLOCK },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_MULTI_PROCESS)
+ { "_POSIX_MULTI_PROCESS", SYSCONF, _SC_MULTI_PROCESS },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_NETWORKING)
+ { "_POSIX_NETWORKING", SYSCONF, _SC_NETWORKING },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_PIPE)
+ { "_POSIX_PIPE", SYSCONF, _SC_PIPE },
+#endif
+#if defined (SC_PRIORITIZED_IO)
+ { "_POSIX_PRIORITIZED_IO", SYSCONF, _SC_PRIORITIZED_IO },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING)
+ { "_POSIX_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING", SYSCONF, _SC_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_READER_WRITER_LOCKS)
+ { "_POSIX_READER_WRITER_LOCKS", SYSCONF, _SC_READER_WRITER_LOCKS },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_RAW_SOCKETS)
+ { "_POSIX_RAW_SOCKETS", SYSCONF, _SC_RAW_SOCKETS },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_REALTIME_SIGNALS)
+ { "_POSIX_REALTIME_SIGNALS", SYSCONF, _SC_REALTIME_SIGNALS },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_REGEXP)
+ { "_POSIX_REGEXP", SYSCONF, _SC_REGEXP },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_SAVED_IDS)
+ { "_POSIX_SAVED_IDS", SYSCONF, _SC_SAVED_IDS },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_SEMAPHORES)
+ { "_POSIX_SEMAPHORES", SYSCONF, _SC_SEMAPHORES },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_SHARED_MEMORY_OBJECTS)
+ { "_POSIX_SHARED_MEMORY_OBJECTS", SYSCONF, _SC_SHARED_MEMORY_OBJECTS },
+#endif
+ { "_POSIX_SHELL", CONSTANT, 1 },
+#if defined (_SC_SIGNALS)
+ { "_POSIX_SIGNALS", SYSCONF, _SC_SIGNALS },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_SINGLE_PROCESS)
+ { "_POSIX_SINGLE_PROCESS", SYSCONF, _SC_SINGLE_PROCESS },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_SPAWN)
+ { "_POSIX_SPAWN", SYSCONF, _SC_SPAWN },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_SPIN_LOCKS)
+ { "_POSIX_SPIN_LOCKS", SYSCONF, _SC_SPIN_LOCKS },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_SPORADIC_SERVER)
+ { "_POSIX_SPORADIC_SERVER", SYSCONF, _SC_SPORADIC_SERVER },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_SYMLOOP_MAX)
+ { "_POSIX_SYMLOOP_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_SYMLOOP_MAX },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_SYNCHRONIZED_IO)
+ { "_POSIX_SYNCHRONIZED_IO", SYSCONF, _SC_SYNCHRONIZED_IO },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_SYSTEM_DATABASE)
+ { "_POSIX_SYSTEM_DATABASE", SYSCONF, _SC_SYSTEM_DATABASE },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_SYSTEM_DATABASE_R)
+ { "_POSIX_SYSTEM_DATABASE_R", SYSCONF, _SC_SYSTEM_DATABASE_R },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_THREAD_ATTR_STACKADDR)
+ { "_POSIX_THREAD_ATTR_STACKADDR", SYSCONF, _SC_THREAD_ATTR_STACKADDR },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_THREAD_ATTR_STACKSIZE)
+ { "_POSIX_THREAD_ATTR_STACKSIZE", SYSCONF, _SC_THREAD_ATTR_STACKSIZE },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_THREAD_CPUTIME)
+ { "_POSIX_THREAD_CPUTIME", SYSCONF, _SC_THREAD_CPUTIME },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_THREAD_PRIO_INHERIT)
+ { "_POSIX_THREAD_PRIO_INHERIT", SYSCONF, _SC_THREAD_PRIO_INHERIT },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_THREAD_PRIO_PROTECT)
+ { "_POSIX_THREAD_PRIO_PROTECT", SYSCONF, _SC_THREAD_PRIO_PROTECT },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_THREAD_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING)
+ { "_POSIX_THREAD_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING", SYSCONF, _SC_THREAD_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_THREAD_PROCESS_SHARED)
+ { "_POSIX_THREAD_PROCESS_SHARED", SYSCONF, _SC_THREAD_PROCESS_SHARED },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_THREAD_SAFE_FUNCTIONS)
+ { "_POSIX_THREAD_SAFE_FUNCTIONS", SYSCONF, _SC_THREAD_SAFE_FUNCTIONS },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_THREAD_SPORADIC_SERVER)
+ { "_POSIX_THREAD_SPORADIC_SERVER", SYSCONF, _SC_THREAD_SPORADIC_SERVER },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_THREADS)
+ { "_POSIX_THREADS", SYSCONF, _SC_THREADS },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_TIMEOUTS)
+ { "_POSIX_TIMEOUTS", SYSCONF, _SC_TIMEOUTS },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_TIMERS)
+ { "_POSIX_TIMERS", SYSCONF, _SC_TIMERS },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_TRACE)
+ { "_POSIX_TRACE", SYSCONF, _SC_TRACE },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_TRACE)
+ { "_POSIX_TRACE_EVENT_FILTER",SYSCONF, _SC_TRACE_EVENT_FILTER },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_TRACE)
+ { "_POSIX_TRACE_INHERIT", SYSCONF, _SC_TRACE_INHERIT },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_TRACE)
+ { "_POSIX_TRACE_LOG", SYSCONF, _SC_TRACE_LOG },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_TYPED_MEMORY_OBJECTS)
+ { "_POSIX_TYPED_MEMORY_OBJECTS", SYSCONF, _SC_TYPED_MEMORY_OBJECTS },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_VERSION)
+ { "_POSIX_VERSION", SYSCONF, _SC_VERSION },
+#endif
+
+ /* XPG 4.2 Configurable System Variables. */
+#if defined (_SC_ATEXIT_MAX)
+ { "ATEXIT_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_ATEXIT_MAX },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_GETGR_R_SIZE_MAX)
+ { "GETGR_R_SIZE_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_GETGR_R_SIZE_MAX },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_GETPW_R_SIZE_MAX)
+ { "GETPW_R_SIZE_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_GETPW_R_SIZE_MAX },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_HOST_NAME_MAX)
+ { "HOST_NAME_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_HOST_NAME_MAX },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_IOV_MAX)
+ { "IOV_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_IOV_MAX },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_LOGIN_NAME_MAX)
+ { "LOGIN_NAME_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_LOGIN_NAME_MAX },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_LOGNAME_MAX)
+ { "LOGNAME_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_LOGNAME_MAX },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_PAGESIZE)
+ { "PAGESIZE", SYSCONF, _SC_PAGESIZE },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_PAGE_SIZE)
+ { "PAGE_SIZE", SYSCONF, _SC_PAGE_SIZE },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_SYMLOOP_MAX)
+ { "SYMLOOP_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_SYMLOOP_MAX },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_TTY_NAME_MAX)
+ { "TTY_NAME_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_TTY_NAME_MAX },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_USER_GROUPS)
+ { "_POSIX_USER_GROUPS", SYSCONF, _SC_USER_GROUPS },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_USER_GROUPS_R)
+ { "_POSIX_USER_GROUPS_R", SYSCONF, _SC_USER_GROUPS_R },
+#endif
+
+#if defined (_SC_AIO_LISTIO_MAX)
+ { "AIO_LISTIO_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_AIO_LISTIO_MAX },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_AIO_MAX)
+ { "AIO_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_AIO_MAX },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_AIO_PRIO_DELTA_MAX)
+ { "AIO_PRIO_DELTA_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_AIO_PRIO_DELTA_MAX },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_MQ_OPEN_MAX)
+ { "MQ_OPEN_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_MQ_OPEN_MAX },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_MQ_PRIO_MAX)
+ { "MQ_PRIO_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_MQ_PRIO_MAX },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_RTSIG_MAX)
+ { "RTSIG_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_RTSIG_MAX },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_SEM_NSEMS_MAX)
+ { "SEM_NSEMS_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_SEM_NSEMS_MAX },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_SEM_VALUE_MAX)
+ { "SEM_VALUE_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_SEM_VALUE_MAX },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_SIGQUEUE_MAX)
+ { "SIGQUEUE_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_SIGQUEUE_MAX },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_TIMER_MAX)
+ { "TIMER_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_TIMER_MAX },
+#endif
+
+#if defined (_SC_THREAD_DESTRUCTOR_ITERATIONS)
+ { "PTHREAD_DESTRUCTOR_ITERATIONS", SYSCONF, _SC_THREAD_DESTRUCTOR_ITERATIONS },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_THREAD_KEYS_MAX)
+ { "PTHREAD_KEYS_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_THREAD_KEYS_MAX },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_THREAD_STACK_MIN)
+ { "PTHREAD_STACK_MIN", SYSCONF, _SC_THREAD_STACK_MIN },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_THREAD_THREADS_MAX)
+ { "PTHREAD_THREADS_MAX", SYSCONF, _SC_THREAD_THREADS_MAX },
+#endif
+
+ /* XPG 4.2 (and later) Optional Facility Configuration Values */
+#if defined (_SC_XOPEN_CRYPT)
+ { "_XOPEN_CRYPT", SYSCONF, _SC_XOPEN_CRYPT },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_XOPEN_ENH_I18N)
+ { "_XOPEN_ENH_I18N", SYSCONF, _SC_XOPEN_ENH_I18N },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_XOPEN_LEGACY)
+ { "_XOPEN_LEGACY", SYSCONF, _SC_XOPEN_LEGACY },
+#endif /* _SC_XOPEN_LEGACY */
+#if defined (_SC_XOPEN_REALTIME)
+ { "_XOPEN_REALTIME", SYSCONF, _SC_XOPEN_REALTIME },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_XOPEN_REALTIME_THREADS)
+ { "_XOPEN_REALTIME_THREADS", SYSCONF, _SC_XOPEN_REALTIME_THREADS },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_XOPEN_SHM)
+ { "_XOPEN_SHM", SYSCONF, _SC_XOPEN_SHM },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_XOPEN_STREAMS)
+ { "_XOPEN_STREAMS", SYSCONF, _SC_XOPEN_STREAMS },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_XOPEN_UNIX)
+ { "_XOPEN_UNIX", SYSCONF, _SC_XOPEN_UNIX },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_XOPEN_VERSION)
+ { "_XOPEN_VERSION", SYSCONF, _SC_XOPEN_VERSION },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_XOPEN_XCU_VERSION)
+ { "_XOPEN_XCU_VERSION", SYSCONF, _SC_XOPEN_XCU_VERSION },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_XOPEN_XPG2)
+ { "_XOPEN_XPG2", SYSCONF, _SC_XOPEN_XPG2 },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_XOPEN_XPG3)
+ { "_XOPEN_XPG3", SYSCONF, _SC_XOPEN_XPG3 },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_XOPEN_XPG4)
+ { "_XOPEN_XPG4", SYSCONF, _SC_XOPEN_XPG4 },
+#endif
+#if defined (_SC_XOPEN_XPG5)
+ { "_XOPEN_XPG5", SYSCONF, _SC_XOPEN_XPG5 },
+#endif
+
+ /* POSIX.1 Configurable Pathname Values */
+#ifdef _PC_LINK_MAX
+ { "LINK_MAX", PATHCONF, _PC_LINK_MAX },
+#endif
+#ifdef _PC_MAX_CANON
+ { "MAX_CANON", PATHCONF, _PC_MAX_CANON },
+#endif
+#ifdef _PC_MAX_INPUT
+ { "MAX_INPUT", PATHCONF, _PC_MAX_INPUT },
+#endif
+#ifdef _PC_NAME_MAX
+ { "NAME_MAX", PATHCONF, _PC_NAME_MAX },
+#endif
+#ifdef _PC_PATH_MAX
+ { "PATH_MAX", PATHCONF, _PC_PATH_MAX },
+#endif
+#ifdef _PC_PIPE_BUF
+ { "PIPE_BUF", PATHCONF, _PC_PIPE_BUF },
+#endif
+#ifdef _PC_SYMLINK_MAX
+ { "SYMLINK_MAX", PATHCONF, _PC_SYMLINK_MAX },
+#endif
+#ifdef _PC_CHOWN_RESTRICTED
+ { "_POSIX_CHOWN_RESTRICTED", PATHCONF, _PC_CHOWN_RESTRICTED },
+#endif
+#ifdef _PC_NO_TRUNC
+ { "_POSIX_NO_TRUNC", PATHCONF, _PC_NO_TRUNC },
+#endif
+#ifdef _PC_VDISABLE
+ { "_POSIX_VDISABLE", PATHCONF, _PC_VDISABLE },
+#endif
+
+ /* XPG 4.2 Configurable Pathname Values */
+#if defined (_PC_FILESIZEBITS)
+ { "FILESIZEBITS", PATHCONF, _PC_FILESIZEBITS },
+#endif
+#if defined (_PC_ASYNC_IO)
+ { "_POSIX_ASYNC_IO", PATHCONF, _PC_ASYNC_IO },
+#endif
+#if defined (_PC_PRIO_IO)
+ { "_POSIX_PRIO_IO", PATHCONF, _PC_PRIO_IO },
+#endif
+#if defined (_PC_SYNC_IO)
+ { "_POSIX_SYNC_IO", PATHCONF, _PC_SYNC_IO },
+#endif
+
+ /* POSIX.1-200x configurable pathname values */
+#if defined (_PC_ALLOC_SIZE_MIN)
+ { "POSIX_ALLOC_SIZE_MIN", PATHCONF, _PC_ALLOC_SIZE_MIN },
+ { "POSIX_REC_INCR_XFER_SIZE", PATHCONF, _PC_REC_INCR_XFER_SIZE },
+ { "POSIX_REC_MAX_XFER_SIZE", PATHCONF, _PC_REC_MAX_XFER_SIZE },
+ { "POSIX_REC_MIN_XFER_SIZE", PATHCONF, _PC_REC_MIN_XFER_SIZE },
+ { "POSIX_REC_XFER_ALIGN", PATHCONF, _PC_REC_XFER_ALIGN },
+#endif
+
+ /* ANSI/ISO C, POSIX.1-200x, XPG 4.2 (and later) C language type limits. */
+ { "CHAR_BIT", CONSTANT, CHAR_BIT },
+ { "CHAR_MAX", CONSTANT, CHAR_MAX },
+ { "CHAR_MIN", CONSTANT, CHAR_MIN },
+ { "INT_BIT", CONSTANT, INT_BIT },
+ { "INT_MAX", CONSTANT, INT_MAX },
+ { "INT_MIN", CONSTANT, INT_MIN },
+#ifdef LLONG_MAX
+ { "LLONG_MAX", LLCONST, VAL_LLONG_MAX },
+ { "LLONG_MIN", LLCONST, VAL_LLONG_MIN },
+#endif
+ { "LONG_BIT", CONSTANT, LONG_BIT },
+ { "LONG_MAX", CONSTANT, LONG_MAX },
+ { "LONG_MIN", CONSTANT, LONG_MIN },
+#ifdef MB_LEN_MAX
+ { "MB_LEN_MAX", CONSTANT, MB_LEN_MAX },
+#endif
+ { "SCHAR_MAX", CONSTANT, SCHAR_MAX },
+ { "SCHAR_MIN", CONSTANT, SCHAR_MIN },
+ { "SHRT_MAX", CONSTANT, SHRT_MAX },
+ { "SHRT_MIN", CONSTANT, SHRT_MIN },
+ { "SIZE_MAX", CONSTANT, SIZE_MAX },
+ { "SSIZE_MAX", CONSTANT, SSIZE_MAX },
+ { "UCHAR_MAX", CONSTANT, UCHAR_MAX },
+ { "UINT_MAX", CONSTANT, UINT_MAX },
+#ifdef ULLONG_MAX
+ { "ULLONG_MAX", LLCONST, VAL_ULLONG_MAX },
+#endif
+ { "ULONG_MAX", CONSTANT, ULONG_MAX },
+ { "USHRT_MAX", CONSTANT, USHRT_MAX },
+ { "WORD_BIT", CONSTANT, WORD_BIT },
+
+ { NULL }
+};
+
+static int num_getconf_variables = sizeof(conf_table) / sizeof(struct conf_variable) - 1;
+
+extern char *this_command_name;
+extern char **make_builtin_argv ();
+
+static void getconf_help ();
+static int getconf_print ();
+static int getconf_one ();
+static int getconf_all ();
+
+int
+getconf_builtin (list)
+ WORD_LIST *list;
+{
+ int c, r, opt, aflag;
+ char **v;
+
+ aflag = 0;
+ reset_internal_getopt();
+ while ((opt = internal_getopt (list, "ahv:")) != -1) {
+ switch (opt) {
+ case 'a':
+ aflag = 1;
+ break;
+ case 'h':
+ getconf_help();
+ return(EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
+ case 'v':
+ break; /* ignored */
+ default:
+ builtin_usage();
+ return(EX_USAGE);
+ }
+ }
+
+ list = loptend;
+ if ((aflag == 0 && list == 0) || (aflag && list) || list_length(list) > 2) {
+ builtin_usage();
+ return(EX_USAGE);
+ }
+
+ r = aflag ? getconf_all() : getconf_one(list);
+
+ return r;
+}
+
+static void
+getconf_help()
+{
+ const struct conf_variable *cp;
+ register int i, column;
+
+ builtin_usage();
+ printf("Acceptable variable names are:\n");
+ for (cp = conf_table; cp->name != NULL; cp++) {
+ if (cp->type == PATHCONF)
+ printf("%s pathname\n", cp->name);
+ else
+ printf("%s\n", cp->name);
+ }
+}
+
+static int
+getconf_print(cp, vpath, all)
+struct conf_variable *cp;
+char *vpath;
+int all;
+{
+ long val;
+ char *sval;
+ size_t slen;
+
+ switch (cp->type) {
+ case G_UNDEF:
+ printf("undefined\n");
+ break;
+
+#ifdef LLONG_MAX
+ case LLCONST:
+ switch (cp->value) {
+ default:
+ case VAL_LLONG_MIN:
+ printf ("%lld\n", LLONG_MIN);
+ break;
+ case VAL_LLONG_MAX:
+ printf ("%lld\n", LLONG_MAX);
+ break;
+# if (ULLONG_MAX != LLONG_MAX)
+ case VAL_ULLONG_MAX:
+ printf ("%llu\n", ULLONG_MAX);
+ break;
+# endif
+ }
+ break;
+#endif
+ case CONSTANT:
+ switch (cp->value) {
+ case UCHAR_MAX:
+ case USHRT_MAX:
+ case UINT_MAX:
+#if (ULONG_MAX != UINT_MAX)
+ case ULONG_MAX:
+#endif
+#if (SIZE_MAX != UINT_MAX) && (SIZE_MAX != ULONG_MAX)
+ case SIZE_MAX:
+#endif
+
+ printf("%lu\n", cp->value);
+ break;
+ default:
+ printf("%ld\n", cp->value);
+ break;
+ }
+ break;
+
+ case CONFSTR:
+ errno = 0;
+ slen = confstr (cp->value, (char *) 0, (size_t) 0);
+ if (slen == 0) {
+ if (errno != 0) {
+ if (all)
+ printf ("getconf: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+ else
+ builtin_error ("%s", strerror(errno));
+ } else
+ printf ("undefined\n");
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ }
+ sval = xmalloc(slen);
+
+ confstr(cp->value, sval, slen);
+ printf("%s\n", sval);
+ free(sval);
+ break;
+
+ case SYSCONF:
+ errno = 0;
+ if ((val = sysconf(cp->value)) == -1) {
+ if (errno != 0) {
+ if (all)
+ printf("getconf: %s\n", strerror (errno));
+ else
+ builtin_error ("%s", strerror (errno));
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ }
+
+ printf ("undefined\n");
+ } else {
+ printf("%ld\n", val);
+ }
+ break;
+
+ case PATHCONF:
+ errno = 0;
+ if ((val = pathconf(vpath, cp->value)) == -1) {
+ if (errno != 0) {
+ if (all)
+ printf("getconf: %s: %s\n", vpath, strerror (errno));
+ else
+ builtin_error ("%s: %s", vpath, strerror (errno));
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ }
+
+ printf ("undefined\n");
+ } else {
+ printf ("%ld\n", val);
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ return (ferror(stdout) ? EXECUTION_FAILURE : EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
+}
+
+static int
+getconf_all()
+{
+ const struct conf_variable *cp;
+ int ret;
+
+ ret = EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
+ for (cp = conf_table; cp->name != NULL; cp++) {
+ printf("%-35s", cp->name);
+ if (getconf_print(cp, "/", 1) == EXECUTION_FAILURE)
+ ret = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
+ }
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static int
+getconf_one(list)
+ WORD_LIST *list;
+{
+ const struct conf_variable *cp;
+ char *vname, *vpath;
+
+ vname = list->word->word;
+ vpath = (list->next && list->next->word) ? list->next->word->word
+ : (char *)NULL;
+
+ for (cp = conf_table; cp->name != NULL; cp++) {
+ if (strcmp(vname, cp->name) == 0)
+ break;
+ }
+ if (cp->name == NULL) {
+ builtin_error ("%s: unknown variable", vname);
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ }
+
+ if (cp->type == PATHCONF) {
+ if (list->next == 0) {
+ builtin_usage();
+ return(EX_USAGE);
+ }
+ } else {
+ if (list->next) {
+ builtin_usage();
+ return(EX_USAGE);
+ }
+ }
+
+ return (getconf_print(cp, vpath, 0));
+}
+
+static char *getconf_doc[] = {
+ "getconf writes the current value of a configurable system limit or",
+ "option variable to the standard output.",
+ (char *)NULL
+};
+
+struct builtin getconf_struct = {
+ "getconf",
+ getconf_builtin,
+ BUILTIN_ENABLED,
+ getconf_doc,
+ "getconf -[ah] or getconf [-v spec] sysvar or getconf [-v spec] pathvar pathname",
+ 0
+};
+
+#ifndef HAVE_CONFSTR
+static size_t
+confstr (name, buf, len)
+ int name;
+ char *buf;
+ size_t len;
+{
+ switch (name)
+ {
+ case _CS_PATH:
+ if (len > 0 && buf)
+ {
+ strncpy (buf, STANDARD_UTILS_PATH, len - 1);
+ buf[len - 1] = '\0';
+ }
+ return (sizeof (STANDARD_UTILS_PATH) + 1);
+ default:
+ errno = EINVAL;
+ return 0;
+ }
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_SYSCONF
+extern long get_clk_tck __P((void));
+
+static long
+sysconf (name)
+ int name;
+{
+# if defined (_POSIX_VERSION)
+ switch (name)
+ {
+ case _SC_ARG_MAX:
+ return _POSIX_ARG_MAX;
+ case _SC_CHILD_MAX:
+ return _POSIX_CHILD_MAX;
+ case _SC_CLK_TCK:
+ return get_clk_tck();
+ case _SC_NGROUPS_MAX:
+ return _POSIX_NGROUPS_MAX;
+ case _SC_OPEN_MAX:
+ return _POSIX_OPEN_MAX;
+ case _SC_JOB_CONTROL:
+ return _POSIX_JOB_CONTROL;
+ case _SC_SAVED_IDS:
+ return _POSIX_SAVED_IDS;
+ case _SC_VERSION:
+ return _POSIX_VERSION;
+ case _SC_BC_BASE_MAX:
+ return _POSIX2_BC_BASE_MAX;
+ case _SC_BC_DIM_MAX:
+ return _POSIX2_BC_DIM_MAX;
+ case _SC_BC_SCALE_MAX:
+ return _POSIX2_BC_SCALE_MAX;
+ case _SC_BC_STRING_MAX:
+ return _POSIX2_BC_STRING_MAX;
+ case _SC_COLL_WEIGHTS_MAX:
+ return -1;
+ case _SC_EXPR_NEST_MAX:
+ return _POSIX2_EXPR_NEST_MAX;
+ case _SC_LINE_MAX:
+ return _POSIX2_LINE_MAX;
+ case _SC_RE_DUP_MAX:
+ return _POSIX2_RE_DUP_MAX;
+ case _SC_STREAM_MAX:
+ return _POSIX_STREAM_MAX;
+ case _SC_TZNAME_MAX:
+ return _POSIX_TZNAME_MAX;
+ default:
+ errno = EINVAL;
+ return -1;
+ }
+#else
+ errno = EINVAL;
+ return -1;
+#endif
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_PATHCONF
+static long
+pathconf (path, name)
+ const char *path;
+ int name;
+{
+#if defined (_POSIX_VERSION)
+ switch (name)
+ {
+ case _PC_LINK_MAX:
+ return _POSIX_LINK_MAX;
+ case _PC_MAX_CANON:
+ return _POSIX_MAX_CANON;
+ case _PC_MAX_INPUT:
+ return _POSIX_MAX_INPUT;
+ case _PC_NAME_MAX:
+ return _POSIX_NAME_MAX;
+ case _PC_PATH_MAX:
+ return _POSIX_PATH_MAX;
+ case _PC_PIPE_BUF:
+ return _POSIX_PIPE_BUF;
+ case _PC_CHOWN_RESTRICTED:
+#ifdef _POSIX_CHOWN_RESTRICTED
+ return _POSIX_CHOWN_RESTRICTED;
+#else
+ return -1;
+#endif
+ case _PC_NO_TRUNC:
+#ifdef _POSIX_NO_TRUNC
+ return _POSIX_NO_TRUNC;
+#else
+ return -1;
+#endif
+ case _PC_VDISABLE:
+#ifdef _POSIX_VDISABLE
+ return _POSIX_VDISABLE;
+#else
+ return -1;
+#endif
+ default:
+ errno = EINVAL;
+ return -1;
+ }
+#else
+ errno = EINVAL;
+ return -1;
+#endif
+}
+#endif
}
char *head_doc[] = {
+ "Display lines from beginning of file.",
+ "",
"Copy the first N lines from the input files to the standard output.",
"N is supplied as an argument to the `-n' option. If N is not given,",
"the first ten lines are copied.",
#include "builtins.h"
#include "shell.h"
#include "bashgetopt.h"
+#include "common.h"
#if !defined (errno)
extern int errno;
}
/* An array of strings forming the `long' documentation for a builtin xxx,
- which is printed by `help xxx'. It must end with a NULL. */
+ which is printed by `help xxx'. It must end with a NULL. By convention,
+ the first line is a short description. */
char *hello_doc[] = {
+ "Sample builtin.",
+ "",
"this is the long doc for the sample hello builtin",
(char *)NULL
};
--- /dev/null
+/* Sample builtin to be dynamically loaded with enable -f and create a new
+ builtin. */
+
+/* See Makefile for compilation details. */
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+#if defined (HAVE_UNISTD_H)
+# include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#include "builtins.h"
+#include "shell.h"
+#include "bashgetopt.h"
+
+/* A builtin `xxx' is normally implemented with an `xxx_builtin' function.
+ If you're converting a command that uses the normal Unix argc/argv
+ calling convention, use argv = make_builtin_argv (list, &argc) and call
+ the original `main' something like `xxx_main'. Look at cat.c for an
+ example.
+
+ Builtins should use internal_getopt to parse options. It is the same as
+ getopt(3), but it takes a WORD_LIST *. Look at print.c for an example
+ of its use.
+
+ If the builtin takes no options, call no_options(list) before doing
+ anything else. If it returns a non-zero value, your builtin should
+ immediately return EX_USAGE. Look at logname.c for an example.
+
+ A builtin command returns EXECUTION_SUCCESS for success and
+ EXECUTION_FAILURE to indicate failure. */
+int
+hello_builtin (list)
+ WORD_LIST *list;
+{
+ printf("hello world\n");
+ fflush (stdout);
+ return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
+}
+
+/* An array of strings forming the `long' documentation for a builtin xxx,
+ which is printed by `help xxx'. It must end with a NULL. */
+char *hello_doc[] = {
+ "this is the long doc for the sample hello builtin",
+ (char *)NULL
+};
+
+/* The standard structure describing a builtin command. bash keeps an array
+ of these structures. The flags must include BUILTIN_ENABLED so the
+ builtin can be used. */
+struct builtin hello_struct = {
+ "hello", /* builtin name */
+ hello_builtin, /* function implementing the builtin */
+ BUILTIN_ENABLED, /* initial flags for builtin */
+ hello_doc, /* array of long documentation strings. */
+ "hello", /* usage synopsis; becomes short_doc */
+ 0 /* reserved for internal use */
+};
+
}
char *id_doc[] = {
- "return information about user identity",
+ "Display information about user."
+ "",
+ "Return information about user identity",
(char *)NULL
};
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * id - POSIX.2 user identity
+ *
+ * (INCOMPLETE -- supplementary groups for other users not yet done)
+ *
+ * usage: id [-Ggu] [-nr] [user]
+ *
+ * The default output format looks something like:
+ * uid=xxx(chet) gid=xx groups=aa(aname), bb(bname), cc(cname)
+ */
+
+#include <config.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include "bashtypes.h"
+#include <pwd.h>
+#include <grp.h>
+#include "bashansi.h"
+
+#ifdef HAVE_LIMITS_H
+# include <limits.h>
+#else
+# include <sys/param.h>
+#endif
+
+#if !defined (HAVE_GETPW_DECLS)
+extern struct passwd *getpwuid ();
+#endif
+extern struct group *getgrgid ();
+
+#include "shell.h"
+#include "builtins.h"
+#include "stdc.h"
+#include "common.h"
+#include "bashgetopt.h"
+
+#define ID_ALLGROUPS 0x001 /* -G */
+#define ID_GIDONLY 0x002 /* -g */
+#define ID_USENAME 0x004 /* -n */
+#define ID_USEREAL 0x008 /* -r */
+#define ID_USERONLY 0x010 /* -u */
+
+#define ID_FLAGSET(s) ((id_flags & (s)) != 0)
+
+static int id_flags;
+
+static uid_t ruid, euid;
+static gid_t rgid, egid;
+
+static char *id_user;
+
+static int inituser ();
+
+static int id_pruser ();
+static int id_prgrp ();
+static int id_prgroups ();
+static int id_prall ();
+
+int
+id_builtin (list)
+ WORD_LIST *list;
+{
+ int opt;
+ char *user;
+
+ id_flags = 0;
+ reset_internal_getopt ();
+ while ((opt = internal_getopt (list, "Ggnru")) != -1)
+ {
+ switch (opt)
+ {
+ case 'G': id_flags |= ID_ALLGROUPS; break;
+ case 'g': id_flags |= ID_GIDONLY; break;
+ case 'n': id_flags |= ID_USENAME; break;
+ case 'r': id_flags |= ID_USEREAL; break;
+ case 'u': id_flags |= ID_USERONLY; break;
+ default:
+ builtin_usage ();
+ return (EX_USAGE);
+ }
+ }
+ list = loptend;
+
+ user = list ? list->word->word : (char *)NULL;
+
+ /* Check for some invalid option combinations */
+ opt = ID_FLAGSET (ID_ALLGROUPS) + ID_FLAGSET (ID_GIDONLY) + ID_FLAGSET (ID_USERONLY);
+ if (opt > 1 || (opt == 0 && ((id_flags & (ID_USEREAL|ID_USENAME)) != 0)))
+ {
+ builtin_usage ();
+ return (EX_USAGE);
+ }
+
+ if (list && list->next)
+ {
+ builtin_usage ();
+ return (EX_USAGE);
+ }
+
+ if (inituser (user) < 0)
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+
+ opt = 0;
+ if (id_flags & ID_USERONLY)
+ opt += id_pruser ((id_flags & ID_USEREAL) ? ruid : euid);
+ else if (id_flags & ID_GIDONLY)
+ opt += id_prgrp ((id_flags & ID_USEREAL) ? rgid : egid);
+ else if (id_flags & ID_ALLGROUPS)
+ opt += id_prgroups (user);
+ else
+ opt += id_prall (user);
+ putchar ('\n');
+ fflush (stdout);
+
+ return (opt == 0 ? EXECUTION_SUCCESS : EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+}
+
+static int
+inituser (uname)
+ char *uname;
+{
+ struct passwd *pwd;
+
+ if (uname)
+ {
+ pwd = getpwnam (uname);
+ if (pwd == 0)
+ {
+ builtin_error ("%s: no such user", uname);
+ return -1;
+ }
+ ruid = euid = pwd->pw_uid;
+ rgid = egid = pwd->pw_gid;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ ruid = current_user.uid;
+ euid = current_user.euid;
+ rgid = current_user.gid;
+ egid = current_user.egid;
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/* Print the name or value of user ID UID. */
+static int
+id_pruser (uid)
+ int uid;
+{
+ struct passwd *pwd = NULL;
+ int r;
+
+ r = 0;
+ if (id_flags & ID_USENAME)
+ {
+ pwd = getpwuid (uid);
+ if (pwd == NULL)
+ r = 1;
+ }
+ if (pwd)
+ printf ("%s", pwd->pw_name);
+ else
+ printf ("%u", (unsigned) uid);
+
+ return r;
+}
+
+/* Print the name or value of group ID GID. */
+
+static int
+id_prgrp (gid)
+ int gid;
+{
+ struct group *grp = NULL;
+ int r;
+
+ r = 0;
+ if (id_flags & ID_USENAME)
+ {
+ grp = getgrgid (gid);
+ if (grp == NULL)
+ r = 1;
+ }
+
+ if (grp)
+ printf ("%s", grp->gr_name);
+ else
+ printf ("%u", (unsigned) gid);
+
+ return r;
+}
+
+static int
+id_prgroups (uname)
+ char *uname;
+{
+ int *glist, ng, i, r;
+
+ r = 0;
+ id_prgrp (rgid);
+ if (egid != rgid)
+ {
+ putchar (' ');
+ id_prgrp (egid);
+ }
+
+ if (uname)
+ {
+ builtin_error ("supplementary groups for other users not yet implemented");
+ glist = (int *)NULL;
+ ng = 0;
+ r = 1;
+ }
+ else
+ glist = get_group_array (&ng);
+
+ for (i = 0; i < ng; i++)
+ if (glist[i] != rgid && glist[i] != egid)
+ {
+ putchar (' ');
+ id_prgrp (glist[i]);
+ }
+
+ return r;
+}
+
+static int
+id_prall (uname)
+ char *uname;
+{
+ int r, i, ng, *glist;
+ struct passwd *pwd;
+ struct group *grp;
+
+ r = 0;
+ printf ("uid=%u", (unsigned) ruid);
+ pwd = getpwuid (ruid);
+ if (pwd == NULL)
+ r = 1;
+ else
+ printf ("(%s)", pwd->pw_name);
+
+ printf (" gid=%u", (unsigned) rgid);
+ grp = getgrgid (rgid);
+ if (grp == NULL)
+ r = 1;
+ else
+ printf ("(%s)", grp->gr_name);
+
+ if (euid != ruid)
+ {
+ printf (" euid=%u", (unsigned) euid);
+ pwd = getpwuid (euid);
+ if (pwd == NULL)
+ r = 1;
+ else
+ printf ("(%s)", pwd->pw_name);
+ }
+
+ if (egid != rgid)
+ {
+ printf (" egid=%u", (unsigned) egid);
+ grp = getgrgid (egid);
+ if (grp == NULL)
+ r = 1;
+ else
+ printf ("(%s)", grp->gr_name);
+ }
+
+ if (uname)
+ {
+ builtin_error ("supplementary groups for other users not yet implemented");
+ glist = (int *)NULL;
+ ng = 0;
+ r = 1;
+ }
+ else
+ glist = get_group_array (&ng);
+
+ if (ng > 0)
+ printf (" groups=");
+ for (i = 0; i < ng; i++)
+ {
+ if (i > 0)
+ printf (", ");
+ printf ("%u", (unsigned) glist[i]);
+ grp = getgrgid (glist[i]);
+ if (grp == NULL)
+ r = 1;
+ else
+ printf ("(%s)", grp->gr_name);
+ }
+
+ return r;
+}
+
+char *id_doc[] = {
+ "return information about user identity",
+ (char *)NULL
+};
+
+struct builtin id_struct = {
+ "id",
+ id_builtin,
+ BUILTIN_ENABLED,
+ id_doc,
+ "id [user]\n\tid -G [-n] [user]\n\tid -g [-nr] [user]\n\tid -u [-nr] [user]",
+ 0
+};
}
char *ln_doc[] = {
+ "Link files.",
+ "",
"Create a new directory entry with the same modes as the original",
"file. The -f option means to unlink any existing file, permitting",
"the link to occur. The -s option means to create a symbolic link.",
#include "builtins.h"
#include "shell.h"
#include "bashgetopt.h"
+#include "common.h"
#if !defined (errno)
extern int errno;
}
char *logname_doc[] = {
- "write the current user's login name to the standard output",
+ "Display user login name.",
+ "",
+ "Write the current user's login name to the standard output",
"and exit. logname ignores the LOGNAME and USER variables.",
"logname ignores any non-option arguments.",
(char *)NULL
#include "builtins.h"
#include "shell.h"
+#include "common.h"
#if !defined (errno)
extern int errno;
}
char *mkdir_doc[] = {
+ "Create directories.",
+ "",
"Make directories. Create the directories named as arguments, in",
"the order specified, using mode rwxrwxrwx as modified by the current",
"umask (see `help umask'). The -m option causes the file permission",
#include "builtins.h"
#include "shell.h"
#include "bashgetopt.h"
+#include "common.h"
#if !defined (errno)
extern int errno;
}
char const *enable_mypid_doc[] = {
+ "Enable $MYPID.",
+ "",
"Enables use of the ${MYPID} dynamic variable. ",
"It will yield the current pid of a subshell.",
(char *)0
--- /dev/null
+/* This module should be dynamically loaded with enable -f
+ * which would create a new builtin named mypid. You'll need
+ * the source code for GNU bash to recompile this module.
+ *
+ * Then, from within bash, enable -f ./mypid enable_mypid, where ./mypid
+ * is the binary obtained from running make. Hereafter, `${MYPID}'
+ * is a shell builtin variable.
+ */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "builtins.h"
+#include "shell.h"
+
+#define INIT_DYNAMIC_VAR(var, val, gfunc, afunc) \
+ do \
+ { SHELL_VAR *v = bind_variable (var, (val), 0); \
+ v->dynamic_value = gfunc; \
+ v->assign_func = afunc; \
+ } \
+ while (0)
+
+static SHELL_VAR *
+assign_mypid (
+ SHELL_VAR *self,
+ char *value,
+ arrayind_t unused )
+{
+ return (self);
+}
+
+static SHELL_VAR *
+get_mypid (SHELL_VAR *var)
+{
+ int rv;
+ char *p;
+
+ rv = getpid();
+ p = itos (rv);
+
+ FREE (value_cell (var));
+
+ VSETATTR (var, att_integer);
+ var_setvalue (var, p);
+ return (var);
+}
+
+int
+enable_mypid_builtin(WORD_LIST *list)
+{
+ INIT_DYNAMIC_VAR ("MYPID", (char *)NULL, get_mypid, assign_mypid);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+char const *enable_mypid_doc[] = {
+ "Enables use of the ${MYPID} dynamic variable. ",
+ "It will yield the current pid of a subshell.",
+ (char *)0
+};
+
+struct builtin enable_mypid_struct = {
+ "enable_mypid",
+ enable_mypid_builtin,
+ BUILTIN_ENABLED,
+ (char**)(void*)enable_mypid_doc,
+ "enable_mypid N",
+ 0
+};
}
char *necho_doc[] = {
+ "Display arguments.",
+ "",
"Print the arguments to the standard ouput separated",
"by space characters and terminated with a newline.",
(char *)NULL
--- /dev/null
+/* necho - echo without options or argument interpretation */
+
+/* Sample builtin to be dynamically loaded with enable -f and replace an
+ existing builtin. */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include "builtins.h"
+#include "shell.h"
+
+necho_builtin (list)
+WORD_LIST *list;
+{
+ print_word_list (list, " ");
+ printf("\n");
+ fflush (stdout);
+ return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
+}
+
+char *necho_doc[] = {
+ "Print the arguments to the standard ouput separated",
+ "by space characters and terminated with a newline.",
+ (char *)NULL
+};
+
+struct builtin necho_struct = {
+ "echo",
+ necho_builtin,
+ BUILTIN_ENABLED,
+ necho_doc,
+ "echo [args]",
+ 0
+};
+
}
char *pathchk_doc[] = {
+ "Check pathnames for validity.",
+ "",
"Check each pathname argument for validity (i.e., it may be used to",
"create or access a file without casuing syntax errors) and portability",
"(i.e., no filename truncation will result). If the `-p' option is",
#include "stdc.h"
#include "bashgetopt.h"
#include "maxpath.h"
+#include "common.h"
#if !defined (errno)
extern int errno;
extern char *this_command_name;
static char *print_doc[] = {
+ "Display arguments.",
+ "",
"Output the arguments. The -f option means to use the argument as a",
"format string as would be supplied to printf(1). The rest of the",
"options are as in ksh.",
#include "builtins.h"
#include "stdc.h"
#include "bashgetopt.h"
+#include "builtext.h"
+#include "common.h"
#if !defined (errno)
extern int errno;
}
char *printenv_doc[] = {
- "print values of environment variables",
+ "Display environment.",
+ "",
+ "Print names and values of environment variables",
(char *)NULL
};
#include "builtins.h"
#include "shell.h"
#include "bashgetopt.h"
+#include "common.h"
extern char **export_env;
}
char *push_doc[] = {
+ "Create child shell.",
+ "",
"Create a child that is an exact duplicate of the running shell",
"and wait for it to exit. The $SHLVL, $!, $$, and $PPID variables",
"are adjusted in the child. The return value is the exit status",
#include "shell.h"
#include "jobs.h"
#include "bashgetopt.h"
+#include "common.h"
#ifndef errno
extern int errno;
}
char *realpath_doc[] = {
+ "Display pathname in canonical form.",
+ "",
"Display the canonicalized version of each PATHNAME argument, resolving",
"symbolic links. The -c option checks whether or not each resolved name",
"exists. The -s option produces no output; the exit status determines the",
#include "builtins.h"
#include "shell.h"
#include "bashgetopt.h"
+#include "common.h"
#ifndef errno
extern int errno;
vflag = 1;
break;
default:
- usage();
+ builtin_usage();
}
}
list = loptend;
if (list == 0)
- usage();
+ builtin_usage();
for (es = EXECUTION_SUCCESS; list; list = list->next) {
p = list->word->word;
}
char *rmdir_doc[] = {
+ "Remove directory.",
+ "",
"rmdir removes the directory entry specified by each argument,",
"provided the directory is empty.",
(char *)NULL
#include <errno.h>
#include "builtins.h"
#include "shell.h"
+#include "common.h"
#if !defined (errno)
extern int errno;
}
static char *sleep_doc[] = {
+ "Suspend execution for specified period.",
+ ""
"sleep suspends execution for a minimum of SECONDS[.FRACTION] seconds.",
(char *)NULL
};
#include "shell.h"
#include "builtins.h"
+#include "common.h"
#define RETURN(x) \
do { \
extern char **make_builtin_argv ();
static char *sprintf_doc[] = {
+ "Format arguments and assign result to variable.",
+ "",
"sprintf formats and outputs its arguments, after the second, under control",
"of the format and assigns the result to the variable named by its first",
"argument. The format is a character string which contains three types",
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
+ * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
+ * must display the following acknowledgement:
+ * This product includes software developed by the University of
+ * California, Berkeley and its contributors.
+ * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+ * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+ * without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+ * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+ * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+ * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+ * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+ * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+ * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+ * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+ * SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#if !defined(BUILTIN) && !defined(SHELL)
+#ifndef lint
+static char copyright[] =
+"@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\n\
+ The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n";
+#endif /* not lint */
+#endif
+
+#ifndef lint
+static char sccsid[] = "@(#)printf.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 7/20/93";
+#endif /* not lint */
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#include "bashansi.h"
+#include "shell.h"
+#include "builtins.h"
+#include "stdc.h"
+
+#if !defined (errno)
+extern int errno;
+#endif
+
+static char sbuf[1024];
+static int sblen;
+
+/* Gee, I wish sprintf could be reliably counted upon to return the
+ number of characters written :-( */
+#define PF(f, func) \
+do { \
+ if (fieldwidth) \
+ if (precision) \
+ sprintf(sbuf, f, fieldwidth, precision, func); \
+ else \
+ sprintf(sbuf, f, fieldwidth, func); \
+ else if (precision) \
+ sprintf(sbuf, f, precision, func); \
+ else \
+ sprintf(sbuf, f, func); \
+ spaddstr (sbuf, strlen (sbuf)); \
+} while (0)
+
+static int asciicode __P((void));
+static void escape __P((char *));
+static int getchr __P((void));
+static double getdouble __P((void));
+static int getint __P((int *));
+static int getlong __P((long *));
+static char *getstr __P((void));
+static char *mklong __P((char *, int));
+static void usage __P((void));
+
+static char **gargv;
+
+static char *outstr;
+static int outsize;
+static int outind;
+
+int sprintf_builtin ();
+static int sprintf_main ();
+static void spaddstr ();
+
+extern char *this_command_name;
+extern char *single_quote ();
+extern char **make_builtin_argv ();
+
+static char *sprintf_doc[] = {
+ "sprintf formats and outputs its arguments, after the second, under control",
+ "of the format and assigns the result to the variable named by its first",
+ "argument. The format is a character string which contains three types",
+ "of objects: plain characters, which are simply copied to the output string,",
+ "character escape sequences which are converted and copied to the output",
+ "string, and format specifications, each of which causes printing of the",
+ "next successive argument. In addition to the standard sprintf(3) formats,",
+ "%b means to expand escapes in the corresponding argument, and %q means",
+ "to quote the argument in a way that can be reused as shell input. Each",
+ "one of the format specifications must not expand to more than 1024",
+ "characters, though there is no limit on the total size of the output",
+ "string.",
+ (char *)NULL
+};
+
+struct builtin sprintf_struct = {
+ "sprintf",
+ sprintf_builtin,
+ BUILTIN_ENABLED,
+ sprintf_doc,
+ "sprintf var format [arguments]",
+ (char *)0
+};
+
+int
+sprintf_builtin (list)
+ WORD_LIST *list;
+{
+ int c, r;
+ char **v, *varname;
+ WORD_LIST *l;
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+
+ if (list == 0)
+ {
+ builtin_usage ();
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ }
+
+ varname = list->word->word;
+ list = list->next;
+
+ if (legal_identifier (varname) == 0)
+ {
+ builtin_error ("%s: not a legal variable name", varname);
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ }
+
+ outind = 0;
+ if (outstr == 0)
+ outstr = xmalloc (outsize = 64);
+ outstr[0] = '\0';
+
+ v = make_builtin_argv (list, &c);
+ r = sprintf_main (c, v);
+ free (v);
+
+ var = bind_variable (varname, outstr, 0);
+ if (readonly_p (var))
+ {
+ builtin_error ("%s: readonly variable", varname);
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ }
+
+ return r;
+}
+
+static void
+spaddstr(str, len)
+ char *str;
+ int len;
+{
+ RESIZE_MALLOCED_BUFFER (outstr, outind, len, outsize, 64);
+ strcpy (outstr + outind, str);
+ outind += len;
+}
+
+static int
+sprintf_main(argc, argv)
+ int argc;
+ char *argv[];
+{
+ extern int optind;
+ static char *skip1, *skip2;
+ int ch, end, fieldwidth, precision;
+ char convch, nextch, *format, *fmt, *start;
+
+ while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "")) != EOF)
+ switch (ch) {
+ case '?':
+ default:
+ usage();
+ return (1);
+ }
+ argc -= optind;
+ argv += optind;
+
+ if (argc < 1) {
+ usage();
+ return (1);
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * Basic algorithm is to scan the format string for conversion
+ * specifications -- once one is found, find out if the field
+ * width or precision is a '*'; if it is, gather up value. Note,
+ * format strings are reused as necessary to use up the provided
+ * arguments, arguments of zero/null string are provided to use
+ * up the format string.
+ */
+ skip1 = "#-+ 0";
+ skip2 = "*0123456789";
+
+ escape(fmt = format = *argv); /* backslash interpretation */
+ gargv = ++argv;
+ for (;;) {
+ end = 0;
+ /* find next format specification */
+next: for (start = fmt;; ++fmt) {
+ if (!*fmt) {
+ /* avoid infinite loop */
+ if (end == 1) {
+ warnx("missing format character",
+ NULL, NULL);
+ return (1);
+ }
+ end = 1;
+ if (fmt > start)
+ (void)printf("%s", start);
+ if (!*gargv)
+ return (0);
+ fmt = format;
+ goto next;
+ }
+ /* %% prints a % */
+ if (*fmt == '%') {
+ if (*++fmt != '%')
+ break;
+ *fmt++ = '\0';
+ (void)printf("%s", start);
+ goto next;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* skip to field width */
+ for (; strchr(skip1, *fmt); ++fmt);
+ if (*fmt == '*') {
+ if (getint(&fieldwidth))
+ return (1);
+ } else
+ fieldwidth = 0;
+
+ /* skip to possible '.', get following precision */
+ for (; strchr(skip2, *fmt); ++fmt);
+ if (*fmt == '.')
+ ++fmt;
+ if (*fmt == '*') {
+ if (getint(&precision))
+ return (1);
+ } else
+ precision = 0;
+
+ /* skip to conversion char */
+ for (; strchr(skip2, *fmt); ++fmt);
+ if (!*fmt) {
+ warnx("missing format character", NULL, NULL);
+ return (1);
+ }
+
+ convch = *fmt;
+ nextch = *++fmt;
+ *fmt = '\0';
+ switch(convch) {
+ case 'c': {
+ char p;
+
+ p = getchr();
+ PF(start, p);
+ break;
+ }
+ case 's': {
+ char *p;
+
+ p = getstr();
+ PF(start, p);
+ break;
+ }
+ case 'b': { /* expand escapes in argument */
+ char *p;
+
+ p = getstr();
+ escape(p);
+ PF("%s", p);
+ break;
+ }
+ case 'q': { /* print with shell single quoting */
+ char *p, *p2;
+
+ p = getstr();
+ p2 = single_quote(p);
+ PF("%s", p2);
+ free(p2);
+ break;
+ }
+ case 'd': case 'i': case 'o': case 'u': case 'x': case 'X': {
+ long p;
+ char *f;
+
+ if ((f = mklong(start, convch)) == NULL)
+ return (1);
+ if (getlong(&p))
+ return (1);
+ PF(f, p);
+ break;
+ }
+ case 'e': case 'E': case 'f': case 'g': case 'G': {
+ double p;
+
+ p = getdouble();
+ PF(start, p);
+ break;
+ }
+ default:
+ warnx("illegal format character", NULL, NULL);
+ return (1);
+ }
+ *fmt = nextch;
+ }
+ /* NOTREACHED */
+}
+
+static char *
+mklong(str, ch)
+ char *str;
+ int ch;
+{
+ static char copy[64];
+ int len;
+
+ len = strlen(str) + 2;
+ memmove(copy, str, len - 3);
+ copy[len - 3] = 'l';
+ copy[len - 2] = ch;
+ copy[len - 1] = '\0';
+ return (copy);
+}
+
+static void
+escape(fmt)
+ register char *fmt;
+{
+ register char *store;
+ register int value, c;
+
+ for (store = fmt; c = *fmt; ++fmt, ++store) {
+ if (c != '\\') {
+ *store = c;
+ continue;
+ }
+ switch (*++fmt) {
+ case '\0': /* EOS, user error */
+ *store = '\\';
+ *++store = '\0';
+ return;
+ case '\\': /* backslash */
+ case '\'': /* single quote */
+ *store = *fmt;
+ break;
+ case 'a': /* bell/alert */
+ *store = '\7';
+ break;
+ case 'b': /* backspace */
+ *store = '\b';
+ break;
+ case 'c':
+ return;
+ case 'e':
+ case 'E':
+ *store = '\033';
+ break;
+ case 'f': /* form-feed */
+ *store = '\f';
+ break;
+ case 'n': /* newline */
+ *store = '\n';
+ break;
+ case 'r': /* carriage-return */
+ *store = '\r';
+ break;
+ case 't': /* horizontal tab */
+ *store = '\t';
+ break;
+ case 'v': /* vertical tab */
+ *store = '\13';
+ break;
+ /* octal constant */
+ case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3':
+ case '4': case '5': case '6': case '7':
+ for (c = 3, value = 0;
+ c-- && *fmt >= '0' && *fmt <= '7'; ++fmt) {
+ value <<= 3;
+ value += *fmt - '0';
+ }
+ --fmt;
+ *store = value;
+ break;
+ default:
+ *store = *fmt;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ *store = '\0';
+}
+
+static int
+getchr()
+{
+ if (!*gargv)
+ return ('\0');
+ return ((int)**gargv++);
+}
+
+static char *
+getstr()
+{
+ if (!*gargv)
+ return ("");
+ return (*gargv++);
+}
+
+static char *Number = "+-.0123456789";
+static int
+getint(ip)
+ int *ip;
+{
+ long val;
+
+ if (getlong(&val))
+ return (1);
+ if (val > INT_MAX) {
+ warnx("%s: %s", *gargv, strerror(ERANGE));
+ return (1);
+ }
+ *ip = val;
+ return (0);
+}
+
+static int
+getlong(lp)
+ long *lp;
+{
+ long val;
+ char *ep;
+
+ if (!*gargv) {
+ *lp = 0;
+ return (0);
+ }
+ if (strchr(Number, **gargv)) {
+ errno = 0;
+ val = strtol(*gargv, &ep, 0);
+ if (*ep != '\0') {
+ warnx("%s: illegal number", *gargv, NULL);
+ return (1);
+ }
+ if (errno == ERANGE)
+ if (val == LONG_MAX) {
+ warnx("%s: %s", *gargv, strerror(ERANGE));
+ return (1);
+ }
+ if (val == LONG_MIN) {
+ warnx("%s: %s", *gargv, strerror(ERANGE));
+ return (1);
+ }
+
+ *lp = val;
+ ++gargv;
+ return (0);
+ }
+ *lp = (long)asciicode();
+ return (0);
+}
+
+static double
+getdouble()
+{
+ if (!*gargv)
+ return ((double)0);
+ if (strchr(Number, **gargv))
+ return (atof(*gargv++));
+ return ((double)asciicode());
+}
+
+static int
+asciicode()
+{
+ register int ch;
+
+ ch = **gargv;
+ if (ch == '\'' || ch == '"')
+ ch = (*gargv)[1];
+ ++gargv;
+ return (ch);
+}
+
+static void
+usage()
+{
+ (void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: printf format [arg ...]\n");
+}
/* An array of strings forming the `long' documentation for a builtin xxx,
which is printed by `help xxx'. It must end with a NULL. */
char *strftime_doc[] = {
+ "Display formatted time.",
+ "",
"Converts date and time format to a string and displays it on the",
"standard output. If the optional second argument is supplied, it",
"is used as the number of seconds since the epoch to use in the",
--- /dev/null
+/* strftime - loadable builtin interface to strftime(3) */
+
+/* See Makefile for compilation details. */
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+#if defined (HAVE_UNISTD_H)
+# include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "bashtypes.h"
+#include "posixtime.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#include "builtins.h"
+#include "shell.h"
+#include "common.h"
+
+int
+strftime_builtin (list)
+ WORD_LIST *list;
+{
+ char *format, *tbuf;
+ size_t tbsize, tsize;
+ time_t secs;
+ struct tm *t;
+ int n;
+ intmax_t i;
+
+ if (list == 0)
+ {
+ builtin_usage ();
+ return (EX_USAGE);
+ }
+
+ if (no_options (list))
+ return (EX_USAGE);
+
+ format = list->word->word;
+ if (format == 0 || *format == 0)
+ {
+ printf ("\n");
+ return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
+ }
+
+ list = list->next;
+
+ if (list && list->word->word)
+ {
+ n = legal_number (list->word->word, &i);
+ if (n == 0 || i < 0 || i != (time_t)i)
+ {
+ sh_invalidnum (list->word->word);
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ }
+ else
+ secs = i;
+ }
+ else
+ secs = NOW;
+
+ t = localtime (&secs);
+
+ tbsize = strlen (format) * 4;
+ tbuf = 0;
+
+ /* Now try to figure out how big the buffer should really be. strftime(3)
+ will return the number of bytes placed in the buffer unless it's greater
+ than MAXSIZE, in which case it returns 0. */
+ for (n = 1; n < 4; n++)
+ {
+ tbuf = xrealloc (tbuf, tbsize * n);
+ tsize = strftime (tbuf, tbsize * n, format, t);
+ if (tsize)
+ break;
+ }
+
+ printf ("%s\n", tbuf);
+ free (tbuf);
+
+ return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
+}
+
+/* An array of strings forming the `long' documentation for a builtin xxx,
+ which is printed by `help xxx'. It must end with a NULL. */
+char *strftime_doc[] = {
+ "Converts date and time format to a string and displays it on the",
+ "standard output. If the optional second argument is supplied, it",
+ "is used as the number of seconds since the epoch to use in the",
+ "conversion, otherwise the current time is used.",
+ (char *)NULL
+};
+
+/* The standard structure describing a builtin command. bash keeps an array
+ of these structures. The flags must include BUILTIN_ENABLED so the
+ builtin can be used. */
+struct builtin strftime_struct = {
+ "strftime", /* builtin name */
+ strftime_builtin, /* function implementing the builtin */
+ BUILTIN_ENABLED, /* initial flags for builtin */
+ strftime_doc, /* array of long documentation strings. */
+ "strftime format [seconds]", /* usage synopsis; becomes short_doc */
+ 0 /* reserved for internal use */
+};
}
char *sync_doc[] = {
- "force completion of pending disk writes",
+ "Sync disks.",
+ ""
+ "Force completion of pending disk writes",
(char *)NULL
};
--- /dev/null
+/* sync - sync the disks by forcing pending filesystem writes to complete */
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+#ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
+#include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "builtins.h"
+#include "shell.h"
+#include "bashgetopt.h"
+
+sync_builtin (list)
+ WORD_LIST *list;
+{
+ sync();
+ return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
+}
+
+char *sync_doc[] = {
+ "force completion of pending disk writes",
+ (char *)NULL
+};
+
+struct builtin sync_struct = {
+ "sync", /* builtin name */
+ sync_builtin, /* function implementing the builtin */
+ BUILTIN_ENABLED, /* initial flags for builtin */
+ sync_doc, /* array of long documentation strings. */
+ "sync", /* usage synopsis; becomes short_doc */
+ 0 /* reserved for internal use */
+};
}
char *tee_doc[] = {
+ "Duplicate standard output.",
+ "",
"Copy standard input to standard output, making a copy in each",
"filename argument. If the `-a' option is gived, the specified",
"files are appended to, otherwise they are overwritten. If the",
#include "builtins.h"
#include "shell.h"
#include "bashgetopt.h"
+#include "common.h"
#if !defined (errno)
extern int errno;
}
char *template_doc[] = {
+ "Short description.",
+ ""
+ "Longer description of builtin and usage.",
(char *)NULL
};
--- /dev/null
+/* template - example template for loadable builtin */
+
+/* See Makefile for compilation details. */
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+#if defined (HAVE_UNISTD_H)
+# include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+#include "bashansi.h"
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+
+#include "builtins.h"
+#include "shell.h"
+#include "bashgetopt.h"
+
+#if !defined (errno)
+extern int errno;
+#endif
+
+extern char *strerror ();
+
+template_builtin (list)
+ WORD_LIST *list;
+{
+ int opt, rval;
+
+ rval = EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
+ reset_internal_getopt ();
+ while ((opt = internal_getopt (list, "")) != -1)
+ {
+ switch (opt)
+ {
+ default:
+ builtin_usage ();
+ return (EX_USAGE);
+ }
+ }
+ list = loptend;
+
+ return (rval);
+}
+
+char *template_doc[] = {
+ (char *)NULL
+};
+
+struct builtin template_struct = {
+ "template", /* builtin name */
+ template_builtin, /* function implementing the builtin */
+ BUILTIN_ENABLED, /* initial flags for builtin */
+ template_doc, /* array of long documentation strings. */
+ "template", /* usage synopsis; becomes short_doc */
+ 0 /* reserved for internal use */
+};
}
static char *true_doc[] = {
+ "Exit successfully.",
+ "",
"Return a successful result.",
(char *)NULL
};
static char *false_doc[] = {
+ "Exit unsuccessfully.",
+ "",
"Return an unsuccessful result.",
(char *)NULL
};
#include "bashtypes.h"
#include "shell.h"
#include "builtins.h"
+#include "common.h"
true_builtin (list)
WORD_LIST *list;
}
char *tty_doc[] = {
+ "Display terminal name.",
+ "",
"tty writes the name of the terminal that is opened for standard",
"input to standard output. If the `-s' option is supplied, nothing",
"is written; the exit status determines whether or not the standard",
#include "builtins.h"
#include "shell.h"
#include "bashgetopt.h"
+#include "common.h"
extern char *ttyname ();
}
char *uname_doc[] = {
- "display information about the system",
+ "Display system information.",
+ "",
+ "Display information about the system hardware and OS.",
(char *)NULL
};
#include "builtins.h"
#include "shell.h"
#include "bashgetopt.h"
+#include "common.h"
#define FLAG_SYSNAME 0x01 /* -s */
#define FLAG_NODENAME 0x02 /* -n */
char *unlink_doc[] = {
"Remove a directory entry.",
+ "",
+ "Forcibly remove a directory entry, even if it's a directory.",
(char *)NULL
};
#include "builtins.h"
#include "shell.h"
+#include "common.h"
#ifndef errno
extern int errno;
}
char *whoami_doc[] = {
- "display name of current user",
+ "Print user name",
+ "",
+ "Display name of current user.",
(char *)NULL
};
#include "builtins.h"
#include "shell.h"
#include "bashgetopt.h"
+#include "common.h"
whoami_builtin (list)
WORD_LIST *list;
#ifdef BASH_BUILTIN
static char *xtitle_doc[] = {
+ "Set xterm window title.",
+ "",
"Either set or read the title of the current xterm window. With the",
"-q option, writes the current xterm title to standard output. Without",
"the -q option, sets the xterm title to be the arguments given,",
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * Originally from
+ * http://www.excessus.demon.co.uk/misc-hacks/index.html#xtitle
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Made into a loadable builtin by chet@po.cwru.edu.
+ */
+
+#if defined (HAVE_CONFIG_H)
+# include <config.h>
+#endif
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
+# include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+
+#include <termios.h>
+
+#ifdef BASH_BUILTIN
+#include "shell.h"
+#include "builtins.h"
+#include "bashgetopt.h"
+#endif
+
+#ifdef BASH_BUILTIN
+int xtitle_builtin(WORD_LIST *list)
+#else
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+#endif
+{
+ int query = 0;
+ int fd;
+ int openned = 0;
+
+#ifdef BASH_BUILTIN
+ reset_internal_getopt();
+#endif
+ for (;;) {
+#ifdef BASH_BUILTIN
+ int i;
+ i = internal_getopt(list, "q");
+#else
+ int i = getopt(argc, argv, "q");
+#endif
+ if (i < 0)
+ break;
+ switch (i) {
+ case 'q':
+ query = 1;
+ break;
+ default:
+#ifdef BASH_BUILTIN
+ builtin_usage();
+#else
+ fprintf(stderr, "usage: xtitle [-q] [string]\n");
+#endif
+ return (1);
+ }
+ }
+
+#ifdef BASH_BUILTIN
+ if (!query && loptend == 0) {
+#else
+ if (!query && optind == argc) {
+#endif
+ fprintf(stderr, "xtitle: no string to set\n");
+ return (1);
+ }
+
+ {
+ char *t = getenv("TERM");
+ if (!t || strncmp(t, "xterm", 5))
+ return (0);
+ }
+
+ if (isatty(0))
+ fd = 0;
+ else {
+ fd = open("/dev/tty", O_RDWR);
+ if (fd < 0) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "xtitle: couldn't open terminal: %s", strerror(errno));
+ return (1);
+ }
+ openned = 1;
+ }
+
+ if (!query) {
+#ifdef BASH_BUILTIN
+ WORD_LIST *l = loptend;
+ char sp = ' ';
+ write(fd, "\33]0;", 4);
+ while (l) {
+ write(fd, l->word->word, strlen(l->word->word));
+ if (l->next)
+ write(fd, &sp, 1);
+ l = l->next;
+ }
+ write(fd, "\33\\", 2);
+#else
+ int i;
+ char sp = ' ';
+ write(fd, "\33]0;", 4);
+ for (i = optind; i < argc; i++) {
+ write(fd, argv[i], strlen(argv[i]));
+ if (i < argc - 1)
+ write(fd, &sp, 1);
+ }
+ write(fd, "\33\\", 2);
+#endif
+ } else {
+ struct termios o, n;
+ char hack;
+ int state = 0;
+
+ tcgetattr(fd, &o);
+ n = o;
+ n.c_iflag &= ~(IGNBRK|BRKINT|PARMRK|ISTRIP
+ |INLCR|IGNCR|ICRNL|IXON);
+ n.c_lflag &= ~(ECHO|ECHONL|ICANON|ISIG|IEXTEN);
+ n.c_cflag &= ~(CSIZE|PARENB);
+ n.c_cflag |= CS8;
+ tcsetattr(fd, TCSAFLUSH, &n);
+ write(fd, "\33[21t", 5);
+
+ while (state != -1) {
+ if (read(fd, &hack, 1) < 1)
+ break;
+ switch (state) {
+ case 0:
+ if (hack == '\33') state = 1;
+ break;
+ case 1:
+ if (hack == ']') state = 2; else state = 0;
+ break;
+ case 2:
+ if (hack == 'l') state = 3; else state = 0;
+ break;
+ case 3:
+ if (hack == '\33') state = 4; else putchar(hack);
+ break;
+ case 4:
+ if (hack == '\\') { state = -1; putchar('\n'); }
+ else { putchar('\33'); putchar(hack); state = 3; }
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ tcsetattr(fd, TCSAFLUSH, &o);
+ }
+
+ if (openned)
+ close(fd);
+
+ return (0);
+}
+
+
+#ifdef BASH_BUILTIN
+
+static char *xtitle_doc[] = {
+ "Either set or read the title of the current xterm window. With the",
+ "-q option, writes the current xterm title to standard output. Without",
+ "the -q option, sets the xterm title to be the arguments given,",
+ "separated by space characters. [By Mark Wooding, mdw@nsict.org]",
+ 0
+};
+
+struct builtin xtitle_struct = {
+ "xtitle",
+ xtitle_builtin,
+ BUILTIN_ENABLED,
+ xtitle_doc,
+ "xtitle [-q] [arguments]",
+ 0
+};
+
+#endif
/* **************************************************************** */
/* */
-/* The Standard Sh Flags. */
+/* The Standard sh Flags. */
/* */
/* **************************************************************** */
@item complete
@btindex complete
@example
-@code{complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o @var{comp-option}] [-A @var{action}] [-G @var{globpat}] [-W @var{wordlist}]
+@code{complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o @var{comp-option}] [-E] [-A @var{action}] [-G @var{globpat}] [-W @var{wordlist}]
[-F @var{function}] [-C @var{command}] [-X @var{filterpat}]
[-P @var{prefix}] [-S @var{suffix}] @var{name} [@var{name} @dots{}]}
-@code{complete -pr [@var{name} @dots{}]}
+@code{complete -pr [-E] [@var{name} @dots{}]}
@end example
Specify how arguments to each @var{name} should be completed.
The @option{-r} option removes a completion specification for
each @var{name}, or, if no @var{name}s are supplied, all
completion specifications.
+The @option{-E} option indicates that the remaining options and actions should
+apply to ``empty'' command completion; that is, completion attempted on a
+blank line.
The process of applying these completion specifications when word completion
is attempted is described above (@pxref{Programmable Completion}).
a @var{name} for which no specification exists, or
an error occurs adding a completion specification.
-@end table
-
@item compopt
@btindex compopt
@example
is made to modify the options for a @var{name} for which no completion
specification exists, or an output error occurs.
+@end table
+
@end ifset
case r_output_direction: /* >foo */
case r_output_force: /* >| foo */
- case r_err_and_out: /* command &>filename */
+ case r_err_and_out: /* &>filename */
temp->flags = O_TRUNC | O_WRONLY | O_CREAT;
break;
/* make_cmd.c -- Functions for making instances of the various
parser constructs. */
-/* Copyright (C) 1989-2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+/* Copyright (C) 1989-2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
/* If '<' then we could be at "<<" or at "<<-". We have to
look ahead one more character. */
peek_char = shell_getc (1);
- if (peek_char == '-')
+ if MBTEST(peek_char == '-')
return (LESS_LESS_MINUS);
- else if (peek_char == '<')
+ else if MBTEST(peek_char == '<')
return (LESS_LESS_LESS);
else
{
if (promptvars || posixly_correct)
{
last_exit_value = last_command_exit_value;
- list = expand_prompt_string (result, Q_DOUBLE_QUOTES);
+ list = expand_prompt_string (result, Q_DOUBLE_QUOTES, 0);
free (result);
result = string_list (list);
dispose_words (list);
break;
case r_err_and_out:
- cprintf (">&%s", redirectee->word);
+ cprintf ("&>%s", redirectee->word);
break;
case r_input_output:
dispose_command (cmdcopy);
if (flags & FUNC_EXTERNAL)
- remove_quoted_escapes (result);
+ result = remove_quoted_escapes (result);
return (result);
}
-BUILD_DIR=/usr/local/build/chet/bash/bash-current
+BUILD_DIR=/usr/local/build/bash/bash-current
THIS_SH=$BUILD_DIR/bash
PATH=$PATH:$BUILD_DIR
--- /dev/null
+[0] Abcdefghijklmnop
+[1] aBcdefghijklmnop
+[2] abCdefghijklmnop
+[3] abcDefghijklmnop
+[4] abcdEfghijklmnop
+[5] abcdeFghijklmnop
+[6] abcdefGhijklmnop
+[7] abcdefgHijklmnop
+[8] abcdefghIjklmnop
+[9] abcdefghiJklmnop
+[a] abcdefghijKlmnop
+[b] abcdefghijkLmnop
+[c] abcdefghijklMnop
+[d] abcdefghijklmNop
+[e] abcdefghijklmnOp
+[f] abcdefghijklmnoP
+a
\ No newline at end of file
--- /dev/null
+[0] Abcdefghijklmnop
+[1] aBcdefghijklmnop
+[2] abCdefghijklmnop
+[3] abcDefghijklmnop
+[4] abcdEfghijklmnop
+[5] abcdeFghijklmnop
+[6] abcdefGhijklmnop
+[7] abcdefgHijklmnop
+[8] abcdefghIjklmnop
+[9] abcdefghiJklmnop
+[a] abcdefghijKlmnop
+[b] abcdefghijkLmnop
+[c] abcdefghijklMnop
+[d] abcdefghijklmNop
+[e] abcdefghijklmnOp
+[f] abcdefghijklmnoP
+a[0] Abcdefghijklmnop
+[1] aBcdefghijklmnop
+[2] abCdefghijklmnop
+[3] abcDefghijklmnop
+[4] abcdEfghijklmnop
+[5] abcdeFghijklmnop
+[6] abcdefGhijklmnop
+[7] abcdefgHijklmnop
+[8] abcdefghIjklmnop
+[9] abcdefghiJklmnop
+[a] abcdefghijKlmnop
+[b] abcdefghijkLmnop
+[c] abcdefghijklMnop
+[d] abcdefghijklmNop
+[e] abcdefghijklmnOp
+[f] abcdefghijklmnoP
+a
+1
+2
+3
+4
+5
+6
+7
+8
+9
+10
+11
+12
+13
+14
+15
+16
+3
+6
+9
+12
+15
+[0] Abcdefghijklmnop
+[1] aBcdefghijklmnop
+[2] abCdefghijklmnop
+[3] abcDefghijklmnop
+[4] abcdEfghijklmnop
+[5] abcdeFghijklmnop
+[6] abcdefGhijklmnop
+[7] abcdefgHijklmnop
+[8] abcdefghIjklmnop
+[9] abcdefghiJklmnop
+[a] abcdefghijKlmnop
+[b] abcdefghijkLmnop
+[c] abcdefghijklMnop
+[d] abcdefghijklmNop
+[e] abcdefghijklmnOp
+[f] abcdefghijklmnoP
+a
+[0] aaa
+[1] aaa
+[2] aaa
+[3] aaa
+[4] aaa
+[5] aaa
+[6] aaa
+[7] aaa
+[8] aaa
+[9] aaa
+[0] Abcdefghijklmnop
+[1] aBcdefghijklmnop
+[2] abCdefghijklmnop
+[3] abcDefghijklmnop
+[4] abcdEfghijklmnop
+[5] abcdeFghijklmnop
+[6] abcdefGhijklmnop
+[7] abcdefgHijklmnop
+[8] abcdefghIjklmnop
+[9] abcdefghiJklmnop
+[a] abcdefghijKlmnop
+[b] abcdefghijkLmnop
+[c] abcdefghijklMnop
+[d] abcdefghijklmNop
+[e] abcdefghijklmnOp
+[f] abcdefghijklmnoP
+a
+[27] aaa
+[28] aaa
+[29] aaa
+[0] aaa
+[1] aaa
+[2] aaa
+[3] aaa
+[4] aaa
+[5] aaa
+[6] aaa
+[7] aaa
+[8] aaa
+[9] aaa
+[0] Abcdefghijklmnop
+[1] aBcdefghijklmnop
+[2] abCdefghijklmnop
+[3] abcDefghijklmnop
+[4] abcdEfghijklmnop
+[15] aaa
+[16] aaa
+[17] aaa
+[18] aaa
+[19] aaa
+[20] aaa
+[21] aaa
+[22] aaa
+[23] aaa
+[24] aaa
+[25] aaa
+[26] aaa
+[27] aaa
+[28] aaa
+[29] aaa
--- /dev/null
+declare -a A
+mapfile A < mapfile.data
+for (( i = 0 ; i < ${#A[@]} ; i++ )); do
+ echo -n "${A[${i}]}"
+done
+
+declare -a B
+mapfile -t B < mapfile.data
+for (( i = 0 ; i < ${#B[@]} ; i++ )); do
+ echo "${B[${i}]}"
+done
+
+mapfile -C "echo" -c 1 A < mapfile.data
+mapfile -C "echo" -c 3 A < mapfile.data
+mapfile -C "echo" -c 19 A < mapfile.data
+
+declare -a C
+mapfile -t -u 3 C 3< mapfile.data < mapfile.tests
+for (( i = 0 ; i < ${#C[@]} ; i++ )); do
+ echo "${C[${i}]}"
+done
+
+
+declare -a D
+for (( i = 0 ; i < 30; i++ )); do
+ D[${i}]="[$i] aaa"
+done
+mapfile -O 10 -t D < mapfile.data
+for (( i = 0 ; i < ${#D[@]} ; i++ )); do
+ echo "${D[${i}]}"
+done
+
+declare -a E
+for (( i = 0 ; i < 30; i++ )); do
+ E[${i}]="[$i] aaa"
+done
+mapfile -O 10 -n 5 -t E < mapfile.data
+for (( i = 0 ; i < ${#E[@]} ; i++ )); do
+ echo "${E[${i}]}"
+done
--- /dev/null
+${THIS_SH} ./mapfile.tests > /tmp/xx 2>&1
+diff /tmp/xx mapfile.right && rm -f /tmp/xx
SHELL_VAR *var;
{
char *p;
-
if (the_printed_command_except_trap)
p = savestring (the_printed_command_except_trap);
/* version.c -- distribution and version numbers. */
-/* Copyright (C) 1989-2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+/* Copyright (C) 1989-2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
projects / thirdparty / bash.git / commitdiff
