and set LINES and COLUMNS after a foreground job exits. From a
suggestion by Leslie Rhorer <lrhorer@satx.rr.com>
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - checkwinsize: remove language saying that only interactive shells
+ check the window size after each command
+
lib/readline/histfile.c
- history_backupfile: new file, creates a backup history file name
given a filename (appending `-')
- change {set,save,restore}_directory_hook to look at dircomplete_expand
and change rl_directory_completion_hook or rl_directory_rewrite_hook
appropriately
+
+bashline.h
+ - extern declaration for set_directory_hook so shopt code can use it
+
+ 7/6
+ ---
+builtins/shopt.def
+ - globasciiranges: new settable shopt option, makes glob ranges act
+ as if in the C locale (so b no longer comes between A and B).
+ Suggested by Aharon Robbins <arnold@skeeve.com>
+
+ 7/7
+ ---
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - document new `globasciiranges' shopt option
+
+ 7/8
+ ---
+builtins/shopt.def
+ - direxpand: new settable option, makes filename completion expand
+ variables in directory names like bash-4.1 did.
+ - shopt_set_complete_direxpand: new function, does the work for the
+ above by calling set_directory_hook
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - document new `direxpand' shopt option
builtins/shopt.o: quit.h dispose_cmd.h make_cmd.h subst.h externs.h
builtins/shopt.o: shell.h syntax.h bashjmp.h ${BASHINCDIR}/posixjmp.h unwind_prot.h variables.h arrayfunc.h conftypes.h ${BASHINCDIR}/maxpath.h
builtins/shopt.o: $(DEFSRC)/common.h $(DEFSRC)/bashgetopt.h pathnames.h
-builtins/shopt.o: bashhist.h
+builtins/shopt.o: bashhist.h bashline.h
builtins/source.o: command.h config.h ${BASHINCDIR}/memalloc.h error.h general.h xmalloc.h ${BASHINCDIR}/maxpath.h
builtins/source.o: quit.h dispose_cmd.h make_cmd.h subst.h externs.h ${BASHINCDIR}/stdc.h
builtins/source.o: shell.h syntax.h bashjmp.h ${BASHINCDIR}/posixjmp.h sig.h unwind_prot.h variables.h arrayfunc.h conftypes.h
static int filename_completion_ignore __P((char **));
static int bash_push_line __P((void));
-static void set_directory_hook __P((void));
static rl_icppfunc_t *save_directory_hook __P((void));
static void reset_directory_hook __P((rl_icppfunc_t *));
}
/* Functions to save and restore the appropriate directory hook */
-static void
+/* This is not static so the shopt code can call it */
+void
set_directory_hook ()
{
if (dircomplete_expand)
- rl_directory_completion_hook = bash_directory_completion_hook;
+ {
+ rl_directory_completion_hook = bash_directory_completion_hook;
+ rl_directory_rewrite_hook = (rl_icppfunc_t *)0;
+ }
else
- rl_directory_rewrite_hook = bash_directory_completion_hook;
+ {
+ rl_directory_rewrite_hook = bash_directory_completion_hook;
+ rl_directory_completion_hook = (rl_icppfunc_t *)0;
+ }
}
static rl_icppfunc_t *
extern char **bash_default_completion __P((const char *, int, int, int, int));
+void set_directory_hook __P((void));
+
/* Used by programmable completion code. */
extern char *command_word_completion_function __P((const char *, int));
extern char *bash_groupname_completion_function __P((const char *, int));
shopt.o: $(topdir)/subst.h $(topdir)/externs.h $(BASHINCDIR)/maxpath.h
shopt.o: $(topdir)/shell.h $(topdir)/syntax.h $(topdir)/unwind_prot.h $(topdir)/variables.h $(topdir)/conftypes.h
shopt.o: $(srcdir)/common.h $(srcdir)/bashgetopt.h ../pathnames.h
-shopt.o: $(topdir)/bashhist.h
+shopt.o: $(topdir)/bashhist.h $(topdir)/bashline.h
source.o: $(topdir)/command.h ../config.h $(BASHINCDIR)/memalloc.h
source.o: $(topdir)/error.h $(topdir)/general.h $(topdir)/xmalloc.h $(topdir)/findcmd.h
source.o: $(topdir)/quit.h $(topdir)/dispose_cmd.h $(topdir)/make_cmd.h
#include "common.h"
#include "bashgetopt.h"
+#if defined (READLINE)
+# include "../bashline.h"
+#endif
+
#if defined (HISTORY)
# include "../bashhist.h"
#endif
extern int check_jobs_at_exit;
extern int autocd;
extern int glob_star;
+extern int glob_asciirange;
extern int lastpipe_opt;
#if defined (EXTENDED_GLOB)
extern int hist_verify, history_reediting, perform_hostname_completion;
extern int no_empty_command_completion;
extern int force_fignore;
-extern int dircomplete_spelling;
+extern int dircomplete_spelling, dircomplete_expand;
extern int enable_hostname_completion __P((int));
#endif
static int set_restricted_shell __P((char *, int));
#endif
+#if defined (READLINE)
+static int shopt_set_complete_direxpand __P((char *, int));
+#endif
+
static int shopt_login_shell;
static int shopt_compat31;
static int shopt_compat32;
{ "compat40", &shopt_compat40, set_compatibility_level },
{ "compat41", &shopt_compat41, set_compatibility_level },
#if defined (READLINE)
+ { "direxpand", &dircomplete_expand, shopt_set_complete_direxpand },
{ "dirspell", &dircomplete_spelling, (shopt_set_func_t *)NULL },
#endif
{ "dotglob", &glob_dot_filenames, (shopt_set_func_t *)NULL },
{ "force_fignore", &force_fignore, (shopt_set_func_t *)NULL },
#endif
{ "globstar", &glob_star, (shopt_set_func_t *)NULL },
+ { "globasciiranges", &glob_asciirange, (shopt_set_func_t *)NULL },
{ "gnu_errfmt", &gnu_error_format, (shopt_set_func_t *)NULL },
#if defined (HISTORY)
{ "histappend", &force_append_history, (shopt_set_func_t *)NULL },
return 0;
}
+#if defined (READLINE)
+static int
+shopt_set_complete_direxpand (option_name, mode)
+ char *option_name;
+ int mode;
+{
+ set_directory_hook ();
+ return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
#if defined (RESTRICTED_SHELL)
/* Don't allow the value of restricted_shell to be modified. */
the last command executed in the list.
C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpo\bou\bun\bnd\bd C\bCo\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bds\bs
- A _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is one of the following:
-
- (_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt) _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed in a subshell environment (see C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD E\bEX\bXE\bEC\bCU\bU-\b-
- T\bTI\bIO\bON\bN E\bEN\bNV\bVI\bIR\bRO\bON\bNM\bME\bEN\bNT\bT below). Variable assignments and builtin com-
- mands that affect the shell's environment do not remain in
- effect after the command completes. The return status is the
+ A _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is one of the following. In most cases a _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt in a
+ command's description may be separated from the rest of the command by
+ one or more newlines, and may be followed by a newline in place of a
+ semicolon.
+
+ (_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt) _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed in a subshell environment (see C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD E\bEX\bXE\bEC\bCU\bU-\b-
+ T\bTI\bIO\bON\bN E\bEN\bNV\bVI\bIR\bRO\bON\bNM\bME\bEN\bNT\bT below). Variable assignments and builtin com-
+ mands that affect the shell's environment do not remain in
+ effect after the command completes. The return status is the
exit status of _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt.
{ _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt; }
- _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is simply executed in the current shell environment. _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt
- must be terminated with a newline or semicolon. This is known
- as a _\bg_\br_\bo_\bu_\bp _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd. The return status is the exit status of
- _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt. Note that unlike the metacharacters (\b( and )\b), {\b{ and }\b} are
+ _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is simply executed in the current shell environment. _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt
+ must be terminated with a newline or semicolon. This is known
+ as a _\bg_\br_\bo_\bu_\bp _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd. The return status is the exit status of
+ _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt. Note that unlike the metacharacters (\b( and )\b), {\b{ and }\b} are
_\br_\be_\bs_\be_\br_\bv_\be_\bd _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd_\bs and must occur where a reserved word is permitted
- to be recognized. Since they do not cause a word break, they
- must be separated from _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt by whitespace or another shell
+ to be recognized. Since they do not cause a word break, they
+ must be separated from _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt by whitespace or another shell
metacharacter.
((_\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn))
- The _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn is evaluated according to the rules described
- below under A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bHM\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN. If the value of the expres-
- sion is non-zero, the return status is 0; otherwise the return
+ The _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn is evaluated according to the rules described
+ below under A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bHM\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN. If the value of the expres-
+ sion is non-zero, the return status is 0; otherwise the return
status is 1. This is exactly equivalent to l\ble\bet\bt "\b"_\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn"\b".
[\b[[\b[ _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn ]\b]]\b]
- Return a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the
- conditional expression _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn. Expressions are composed of
- the primaries described below under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS.
- Word splitting and pathname expansion are not performed on the
- words between the [\b[[\b[ and ]\b]]\b]; tilde expansion, parameter and
- variable expansion, arithmetic expansion, command substitution,
- process substitution, and quote removal are performed. Condi-
+ Return a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the
+ conditional expression _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn. Expressions are composed of
+ the primaries described below under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS.
+ Word splitting and pathname expansion are not performed on the
+ words between the [\b[[\b[ and ]\b]]\b]; tilde expansion, parameter and
+ variable expansion, arithmetic expansion, command substitution,
+ process substitution, and quote removal are performed. Condi-
tional operators such as -\b-f\bf must be unquoted to be recognized as
primaries.
- When used with [\b[[\b[, the <\b< and >\b> operators sort lexicographically
+ When used with [\b[[\b[, the <\b< and >\b> operators sort lexicographically
using the current locale.
- When the =\b==\b= and !\b!=\b= operators are used, the string to the right
+ When the =\b==\b= and !\b!=\b= operators are used, the string to the right
of the operator is considered a pattern and matched according to
- the rules described below under P\bPa\bat\btt\bte\ber\brn\bn M\bMa\bat\btc\bch\bhi\bin\bng\bg. If the shell
- option n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\bem\bma\bat\btc\bch\bh is enabled, the match is performed without
- regard to the case of alphabetic characters. The return value
- is 0 if the string matches (=\b==\b=) or does not match (!\b!=\b=) the pat-
+ the rules described below under P\bPa\bat\btt\bte\ber\brn\bn M\bMa\bat\btc\bch\bhi\bin\bng\bg. If the shell
+ option n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\bem\bma\bat\btc\bch\bh is enabled, the match is performed without
+ regard to the case of alphabetic characters. The return value
+ is 0 if the string matches (=\b==\b=) or does not match (!\b!=\b=) the pat-
tern, and 1 otherwise. Any part of the pattern may be quoted to
force the quoted portion to be matched as a string.
- An additional binary operator, =\b=~\b~, is available, with the same
- precedence as =\b==\b= and !\b!=\b=. When it is used, the string to the
- right of the operator is considered an extended regular expres-
+ An additional binary operator, =\b=~\b~, is available, with the same
+ precedence as =\b==\b= and !\b!=\b=. When it is used, the string to the
+ right of the operator is considered an extended regular expres-
sion and matched accordingly (as in _\br_\be_\bg_\be_\bx(3)). The return value
is 0 if the string matches the pattern, and 1 otherwise. If the
- regular expression is syntactically incorrect, the conditional
+ regular expression is syntactically incorrect, the conditional
expression's return value is 2. If the shell option n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\bem\bma\bat\btc\bch\bh
is enabled, the match is performed without regard to the case of
alphabetic characters. Any part of the pattern may be quoted to
- force the quoted portion to be matched as a string. Substrings
+ force the quoted portion to be matched as a string. Substrings
matched by parenthesized subexpressions within the regular
- expression are saved in the array variable B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_R\bRE\bEM\bMA\bAT\bTC\bCH\bH. The
- element of B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_R\bRE\bEM\bMA\bAT\bTC\bCH\bH with index 0 is the portion of the
- string matching the entire regular expression. The element of
- B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_R\bRE\bEM\bMA\bAT\bTC\bCH\bH with index _\bn is the portion of the string matching
+ expression are saved in the array variable B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_R\bRE\bEM\bMA\bAT\bTC\bCH\bH. The
+ element of B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_R\bRE\bEM\bMA\bAT\bTC\bCH\bH with index 0 is the portion of the
+ string matching the entire regular expression. The element of
+ B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_R\bRE\bEM\bMA\bAT\bTC\bCH\bH with index _\bn is the portion of the string matching
the _\bnth parenthesized subexpression.
- Expressions may be combined using the following operators,
+ Expressions may be combined using the following operators,
listed in decreasing order of precedence:
(\b( _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn )\b)
- Returns the value of _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn. This may be used to
+ Returns the value of _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn. This may be used to
override the normal precedence of operators.
!\b! _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn
True if _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn is false.
True if either _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b1 or _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b2 is true.
The &\b&&\b& and |\b||\b| operators do not evaluate _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b2 if the value
- of _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b1 is sufficient to determine the return value of
+ of _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b1 is sufficient to determine the return value of
the entire conditional expression.
f\bfo\bor\br _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [ [ i\bin\bn [ _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd _\b._\b._\b. ] ] ; ] d\bdo\bo _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt ; d\bdo\bon\bne\be
The list of words following i\bin\bn is expanded, generating a list of
items. The variable _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is set to each element of this list in
- turn, and _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed each time. If the i\bin\bn _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is omit-
- ted, the f\bfo\bor\br command executes _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt once for each positional
+ turn, and _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed each time. If the i\bin\bn _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is omit-
+ ted, the f\bfo\bor\br command executes _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt once for each positional
parameter that is set (see P\bPA\bAR\bRA\bAM\bME\bET\bTE\bER\bRS\bS below). The return status
- is the exit status of the last command that executes. If the
+ is the exit status of the last command that executes. If the
expansion of the items following i\bin\bn results in an empty list, no
commands are executed, and the return status is 0.
f\bfo\bor\br (( _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b1 ; _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b2 ; _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b3 )) ; d\bdo\bo _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt ; d\bdo\bon\bne\be
First, the arithmetic expression _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b1 is evaluated according to
- the rules described below under A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bHM\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN. The
- arithmetic expression _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b2 is then evaluated repeatedly until
- it evaluates to zero. Each time _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b2 evaluates to a non-zero
- value, _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed and the arithmetic expression _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b3 is
- evaluated. If any expression is omitted, it behaves as if it
+ the rules described below under A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bHM\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN. The
+ arithmetic expression _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b2 is then evaluated repeatedly until
+ it evaluates to zero. Each time _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b2 evaluates to a non-zero
+ value, _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed and the arithmetic expression _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b3 is
+ evaluated. If any expression is omitted, it behaves as if it
evaluates to 1. The return value is the exit status of the last
command in _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt that is executed, or false if any of the expres-
sions is invalid.
s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [ i\bin\bn _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd ] ; d\bdo\bo _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt ; d\bdo\bon\bne\be
The list of words following i\bin\bn is expanded, generating a list of
- items. The set of expanded words is printed on the standard
- error, each preceded by a number. If the i\bin\bn _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is omitted,
- the positional parameters are printed (see P\bPA\bAR\bRA\bAM\bME\bET\bTE\bER\bRS\bS below).
- The P\bPS\bS3\b3 prompt is then displayed and a line read from the stan-
- dard input. If the line consists of a number corresponding to
- one of the displayed words, then the value of _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is set to
- that word. If the line is empty, the words and prompt are dis-
+ items. The set of expanded words is printed on the standard
+ error, each preceded by a number. If the i\bin\bn _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is omitted,
+ the positional parameters are printed (see P\bPA\bAR\bRA\bAM\bME\bET\bTE\bER\bRS\bS below).
+ The P\bPS\bS3\b3 prompt is then displayed and a line read from the stan-
+ dard input. If the line consists of a number corresponding to
+ one of the displayed words, then the value of _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is set to
+ that word. If the line is empty, the words and prompt are dis-
played again. If EOF is read, the command completes. Any other
- value read causes _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be to be set to null. The line read is
- saved in the variable R\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY. The _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed after each
+ value read causes _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be to be set to null. The line read is
+ saved in the variable R\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY. The _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed after each
selection until a b\bbr\bre\bea\bak\bk command is executed. The exit status of
- s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt is the exit status of the last command executed in _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt,
+ s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt is the exit status of the last command executed in _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt,
or zero if no commands were executed.
c\bca\bas\bse\be _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd i\bin\bn [ [(] _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn [ |\b| _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn ] ... ) _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt ;; ] ... e\bes\bsa\bac\bc
A c\bca\bas\bse\be command first expands _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, and tries to match it against
each _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn in turn, using the same matching rules as for path-
- name expansion (see P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn below). The _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is
- expanded using tilde expansion, parameter and variable expan-
- sion, arithmetic substitution, command substitution, process
- substitution and quote removal. Each _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn examined is
+ name expansion (see P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn below). The _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is
expanded using tilde expansion, parameter and variable expan-
+ sion, arithmetic substitution, command substitution, process
+ substitution and quote removal. Each _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn examined is
+ expanded using tilde expansion, parameter and variable expan-
sion, arithmetic substitution, command substitution, and process
- substitution. If the shell option n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\bem\bma\bat\btc\bch\bh is enabled, the
- match is performed without regard to the case of alphabetic
- characters. When a match is found, the corresponding _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is
+ substitution. If the shell option n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\bem\bma\bat\btc\bch\bh is enabled, the
+ match is performed without regard to the case of alphabetic
+ characters. When a match is found, the corresponding _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is
executed. If the ;\b;;\b; operator is used, no subsequent matches are
- attempted after the first pattern match. Using ;\b;&\b& in place of
- ;\b;;\b; causes execution to continue with the _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt associated with
- the next set of patterns. Using ;\b;;\b;&\b& in place of ;\b;;\b; causes the
- shell to test the next pattern list in the statement, if any,
+ attempted after the first pattern match. Using ;\b;&\b& in place of
+ ;\b;;\b; causes execution to continue with the _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt associated with
+ the next set of patterns. Using ;\b;;\b;&\b& in place of ;\b;;\b; causes the
+ shell to test the next pattern list in the statement, if any,
and execute any associated _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt on a successful match. The exit
status is zero if no pattern matches. Otherwise, it is the exit
status of the last command executed in _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt.
i\bif\bf _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt; t\bth\bhe\ben\bn _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt_\b; [ e\bel\bli\bif\bf _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt; t\bth\bhe\ben\bn _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt; ] ... [ e\bel\bls\bse\be _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt; ] f\bfi\bi
- The i\bif\bf _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed. If its exit status is zero, the t\bth\bhe\ben\bn
- _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed. Otherwise, each e\bel\bli\bif\bf _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed in
- turn, and if its exit status is zero, the corresponding t\bth\bhe\ben\bn
+ The i\bif\bf _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed. If its exit status is zero, the t\bth\bhe\ben\bn
+ _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed. Otherwise, each e\bel\bli\bif\bf _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed in
+ turn, and if its exit status is zero, the corresponding t\bth\bhe\ben\bn
_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed and the command completes. Otherwise, the e\bel\bls\bse\be
- _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed, if present. The exit status is the exit sta-
+ _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed, if present. The exit status is the exit sta-
tus of the last command executed, or zero if no condition tested
true.
w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt_\b-_\b1; d\bdo\bo _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt_\b-_\b2; d\bdo\bon\bne\be
u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt_\b-_\b1; d\bdo\bo _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt_\b-_\b2; d\bdo\bon\bne\be
- The w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be command continuously executes the list _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt_\b-_\b2 as long
+ The w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be command continuously executes the list _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt_\b-_\b2 as long
as the last command in the list _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt_\b-_\b1 returns an exit status of
- zero. The u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl command is identical to the w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be command,
- except that the test is negated; _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt_\b-_\b2 is executed as long as
- the last command in _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt_\b-_\b1 returns a non-zero exit status. The
- exit status of the w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be and u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl commands is the exit status
+ zero. The u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl command is identical to the w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be command,
+ except that the test is negated; _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt_\b-_\b2 is executed as long as
+ the last command in _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt_\b-_\b1 returns a non-zero exit status. The
+ exit status of the w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be and u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl commands is the exit status
of the last command executed in _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt_\b-_\b2, or zero if none was exe-
cuted.
C\bCo\bop\bpr\bro\boc\bce\bes\bss\bse\bes\bs
A _\bc_\bo_\bp_\br_\bo_\bc_\be_\bs_\bs is a shell command preceded by the c\bco\bop\bpr\bro\boc\bc reserved word. A
- coprocess is executed asynchronously in a subshell, as if the command
- had been terminated with the &\b& control operator, with a two-way pipe
+ coprocess is executed asynchronously in a subshell, as if the command
+ had been terminated with the &\b& control operator, with a two-way pipe
established between the executing shell and the coprocess.
The format for a coprocess is:
c\bco\bop\bpr\bro\boc\bc [_\bN_\bA_\bM_\bE] _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd [_\br_\be_\bd_\bi_\br_\be_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\bs]
- This creates a coprocess named _\bN_\bA_\bM_\bE. If _\bN_\bA_\bM_\bE is not supplied, the
- default name is _\bC_\bO_\bP_\bR_\bO_\bC. _\bN_\bA_\bM_\bE must not be supplied if _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is a _\bs_\bi_\bm_\b-
+ This creates a coprocess named _\bN_\bA_\bM_\bE. If _\bN_\bA_\bM_\bE is not supplied, the
+ default name is C\bCO\bOP\bPR\bRO\bOC\bC. _\bN_\bA_\bM_\bE must not be supplied if _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is a _\bs_\bi_\bm_\b-
_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd (see above); otherwise, it is interpreted as the first word
- of the simple command. When the coproc is executed, the shell creates
- an array variable (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs below) named _\bN_\bA_\bM_\bE in the context of the
- executing shell. The standard output of _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is connected via a
- pipe to a file descriptor in the executing shell, and that file
- descriptor is assigned to _\bN_\bA_\bM_\bE[0]. The standard input of _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is
- connected via a pipe to a file descriptor in the executing shell, and
- that file descriptor is assigned to _\bN_\bA_\bM_\bE[1]. This pipe is established
- before any redirections specified by the command (see R\bRE\bED\bDI\bIR\bRE\bEC\bCT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN
- below). The file descriptors can be utilized as arguments to shell
- commands and redirections using standard word expansions. The process
- ID of the shell spawned to execute the coprocess is available as the
- value of the variable _\bN_\bA_\bM_\bE_PID. The w\bwa\bai\bit\bt builtin command may be used
+ of the simple command. When the coproc is executed, the shell creates
+ an array variable (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs below) named _\bN_\bA_\bM_\bE in the context of the
+ executing shell. The standard output of _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is connected via a
+ pipe to a file descriptor in the executing shell, and that file
+ descriptor is assigned to _\bN_\bA_\bM_\bE[0]. The standard input of _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is
+ connected via a pipe to a file descriptor in the executing shell, and
+ that file descriptor is assigned to _\bN_\bA_\bM_\bE[1]. This pipe is established
+ before any redirections specified by the command (see R\bRE\bED\bDI\bIR\bRE\bEC\bCT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN
+ below). The file descriptors can be utilized as arguments to shell
+ commands and redirections using standard word expansions. The process
+ ID of the shell spawned to execute the coprocess is available as the
+ value of the variable _\bN_\bA_\bM_\bE_PID. The w\bwa\bai\bit\bt builtin command may be used
to wait for the coprocess to terminate.
The return status of a coprocess is the exit status of _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd.
S\bSh\bhe\bel\bll\bl F\bFu\bun\bnc\bct\bti\bio\bon\bn D\bDe\bef\bfi\bin\bni\bit\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs
- A shell function is an object that is called like a simple command and
- executes a compound command with a new set of positional parameters.
+ A shell function is an object that is called like a simple command and
+ executes a compound command with a new set of positional parameters.
Shell functions are declared as follows:
_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be () _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd [_\br_\be_\bd_\bi_\br_\be_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn]
f\bfu\bun\bnc\bct\bti\bio\bon\bn _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [()] _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd [_\br_\be_\bd_\bi_\br_\be_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn]
- This defines a function named _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. The reserved word f\bfu\bun\bnc\bct\bti\bio\bon\bn
- is optional. If the f\bfu\bun\bnc\bct\bti\bio\bon\bn reserved word is supplied, the
- parentheses are optional. The _\bb_\bo_\bd_\by of the function is the com-
- pound command _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd (see C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpo\bou\bun\bnd\bd C\bCo\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bds\bs above).
- That command is usually a _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt of commands between { and }, but
- may be any command listed under C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpo\bou\bun\bnd\bd C\bCo\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bds\bs above. _\bc_\bo_\bm_\b-
+ This defines a function named _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. The reserved word f\bfu\bun\bnc\bct\bti\bio\bon\bn
+ is optional. If the f\bfu\bun\bnc\bct\bti\bio\bon\bn reserved word is supplied, the
+ parentheses are optional. The _\bb_\bo_\bd_\by of the function is the com-
+ pound command _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd (see C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpo\bou\bun\bnd\bd C\bCo\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bds\bs above).
+ That command is usually a _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt of commands between { and }, but
+ may be any command listed under C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpo\bou\bun\bnd\bd C\bCo\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bds\bs above. _\bc_\bo_\bm_\b-
_\bp_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is executed whenever _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is specified as the name
- of a simple command. Any redirections (see R\bRE\bED\bDI\bIR\bRE\bEC\bCT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN below)
- specified when a function is defined are performed when the
- function is executed. The exit status of a function definition
+ of a simple command. Any redirections (see R\bRE\bED\bDI\bIR\bRE\bEC\bCT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN below)
+ specified when a function is defined are performed when the
+ function is executed. The exit status of a function definition
is zero unless a syntax error occurs or a readonly function with
the same name already exists. When executed, the exit status of
- a function is the exit status of the last command executed in
+ a function is the exit status of the last command executed in
the body. (See F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS below.)
C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bME\bEN\bNT\bTS\bS
In a non-interactive shell, or an interactive shell in which the i\bin\bnt\bte\ber\br-\b-
- a\bac\bct\bti\biv\bve\be_\b_c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bts\bs option to the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin is enabled (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL
- B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below), a word beginning with #\b# causes that word and
- all remaining characters on that line to be ignored. An interactive
- shell without the i\bin\bnt\bte\ber\bra\bac\bct\bti\biv\bve\be_\b_c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bts\bs option enabled does not allow
+ a\bac\bct\bti\biv\bve\be_\b_c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bts\bs option to the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin is enabled (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL
+ B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below), a word beginning with #\b# causes that word and
+ all remaining characters on that line to be ignored. An interactive
+ shell without the i\bin\bnt\bte\ber\bra\bac\bct\bti\biv\bve\be_\b_c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bts\bs option enabled does not allow
comments. The i\bin\bnt\bte\ber\bra\bac\bct\bti\biv\bve\be_\b_c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bts\bs option is on by default in interac-
tive shells.
Q\bQU\bUO\bOT\bTI\bIN\bNG\bG
- _\bQ_\bu_\bo_\bt_\bi_\bn_\bg is used to remove the special meaning of certain characters or
- words to the shell. Quoting can be used to disable special treatment
+ _\bQ_\bu_\bo_\bt_\bi_\bn_\bg is used to remove the special meaning of certain characters or
+ words to the shell. Quoting can be used to disable special treatment
for special characters, to prevent reserved words from being recognized
as such, and to prevent parameter expansion.
- Each of the _\bm_\be_\bt_\ba_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\ba_\bc_\bt_\be_\br_\bs listed above under D\bDE\bEF\bFI\bIN\bNI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS has special
+ Each of the _\bm_\be_\bt_\ba_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\ba_\bc_\bt_\be_\br_\bs listed above under D\bDE\bEF\bFI\bIN\bNI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS has special
meaning to the shell and must be quoted if it is to represent itself.
- When the command history expansion facilities are being used (see H\bHI\bIS\bS-\b-
+ When the command history expansion facilities are being used (see H\bHI\bIS\bS-\b-
T\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN below), the _\bh_\bi_\bs_\bt_\bo_\br_\by _\be_\bx_\bp_\ba_\bn_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn character, usually !\b!, must
be quoted to prevent history expansion.
- There are three quoting mechanisms: the _\be_\bs_\bc_\ba_\bp_\be _\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\ba_\bc_\bt_\be_\br, single
+ There are three quoting mechanisms: the _\be_\bs_\bc_\ba_\bp_\be _\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\ba_\bc_\bt_\be_\br, single
quotes, and double quotes.
- A non-quoted backslash (\\b\) is the _\be_\bs_\bc_\ba_\bp_\be _\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\ba_\bc_\bt_\be_\br. It preserves the
+ A non-quoted backslash (\\b\) is the _\be_\bs_\bc_\ba_\bp_\be _\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\ba_\bc_\bt_\be_\br. It preserves the
literal value of the next character that follows, with the exception of
- <newline>. If a \\b\<newline> pair appears, and the backslash is not
- itself quoted, the \\b\<newline> is treated as a line continuation (that
+ <newline>. If a \\b\<newline> pair appears, and the backslash is not
+ itself quoted, the \\b\<newline> is treated as a line continuation (that
is, it is removed from the input stream and effectively ignored).
- Enclosing characters in single quotes preserves the literal value of
+ Enclosing characters in single quotes preserves the literal value of
each character within the quotes. A single quote may not occur between
single quotes, even when preceded by a backslash.
- Enclosing characters in double quotes preserves the literal value of
- all characters within the quotes, with the exception of $\b$, `\b`, \\b\, and,
- when history expansion is enabled, !\b!. The characters $\b$ and `\b` retain
- their special meaning within double quotes. The backslash retains its
- special meaning only when followed by one of the following characters:
- $\b$, `\b`, "\b", \\b\, or <\b<n\bne\bew\bwl\bli\bin\bne\be>\b>. A double quote may be quoted within double
+ Enclosing characters in double quotes preserves the literal value of
+ all characters within the quotes, with the exception of $\b$, `\b`, \\b\, and,
+ when history expansion is enabled, !\b!. The characters $\b$ and `\b` retain
+ their special meaning within double quotes. The backslash retains its
+ special meaning only when followed by one of the following characters:
+ $\b$, `\b`, "\b", \\b\, or <\b<n\bne\bew\bwl\bli\bin\bne\be>\b>. A double quote may be quoted within double
quotes by preceding it with a backslash. If enabled, history expansion
- will be performed unless an !\b! appearing in double quotes is escaped
+ will be performed unless an !\b! appearing in double quotes is escaped
using a backslash. The backslash preceding the !\b! is not removed.
- The special parameters *\b* and @\b@ have special meaning when in double
+ The special parameters *\b* and @\b@ have special meaning when in double
quotes (see P\bPA\bAR\bRA\bAM\bME\bET\bTE\bER\bRS\bS below).
Words of the form $\b$'_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg' are treated specially. The word expands to
- _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg, with backslash-escaped characters replaced as specified by the
- ANSI C standard. Backslash escape sequences, if present, are decoded
+ _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg, with backslash-escaped characters replaced as specified by the
+ ANSI C standard. Backslash escape sequences, if present, are decoded
as follows:
\\b\a\ba alert (bell)
\\b\b\bb backspace
\\b\\\b\ backslash
\\b\'\b' single quote
\\b\"\b" double quote
- \\b\_\bn_\bn_\bn the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value
+ \\b\_\bn_\bn_\bn the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value
_\bn_\bn_\bn (one to three digits)
- \\b\x\bx_\bH_\bH the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal
+ \\b\x\bx_\bH_\bH the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal
value _\bH_\bH (one or two hex digits)
- \\b\u\bu_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH the Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is the
+ \\b\u\bu_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH the Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is the
hexadecimal value _\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH (one to four hex digits)
\\b\U\bU_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH
- the Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is the
+ the Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is the
hexadecimal value _\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH (one to eight hex digits)
\\b\c\bc_\bx a control-_\bx character
- The expanded result is single-quoted, as if the dollar sign had not
+ The expanded result is single-quoted, as if the dollar sign had not
been present.
A double-quoted string preceded by a dollar sign ($\b$"_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg") will cause
- the string to be translated according to the current locale. If the
- current locale is C\bC or P\bPO\bOS\bSI\bIX\bX, the dollar sign is ignored. If the
+ the string to be translated according to the current locale. If the
+ current locale is C\bC or P\bPO\bOS\bSI\bIX\bX, the dollar sign is ignored. If the
string is translated and replaced, the replacement is double-quoted.
P\bPA\bAR\bRA\bAM\bME\bET\bTE\bER\bRS\bS
- A _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is an entity that stores values. It can be a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, a num-
+ A _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is an entity that stores values. It can be a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, a num-
ber, or one of the special characters listed below under S\bSp\bpe\bec\bci\bia\bal\bl P\bPa\bar\bra\bam\bm-\b-
- e\bet\bte\ber\brs\bs. A _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be is a parameter denoted by a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. A variable has a
- _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be and zero or more _\ba_\bt_\bt_\br_\bi_\bb_\bu_\bt_\be_\bs. Attributes are assigned using the
- d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be builtin command (see d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be below in S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS).
+ e\bet\bte\ber\brs\bs. A _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be is a parameter denoted by a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. A variable has a
+ _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be and zero or more _\ba_\bt_\bt_\br_\bi_\bb_\bu_\bt_\be_\bs. Attributes are assigned using the
+ d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be builtin command (see d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be below in S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS).
A parameter is set if it has been assigned a value. The null string is
- a valid value. Once a variable is set, it may be unset only by using
+ a valid value. Once a variable is set, it may be unset only by using
the u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt builtin command (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below).
A _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be may be assigned to by a statement of the form
_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be=[_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be]
- If _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be is not given, the variable is assigned the null string. All
- _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be_\bs undergo tilde expansion, parameter and variable expansion, com-
- mand substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote removal (see E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bN-\b-
+ If _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be is not given, the variable is assigned the null string. All
+ _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be_\bs undergo tilde expansion, parameter and variable expansion, com-
+ mand substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote removal (see E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bN-\b-
S\bSI\bIO\bON\bN below). If the variable has its i\bin\bnt\bte\beg\bge\ber\br attribute set, then _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be
is evaluated as an arithmetic expression even if the $((...)) expansion
- is not used (see A\bAr\bri\bit\bth\bhm\bme\bet\bti\bic\bc E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn below). Word splitting is not
- performed, with the exception of "\b"$\b$@\b@"\b" as explained below under S\bSp\bpe\bec\bci\bia\bal\bl
- P\bPa\bar\bra\bam\bme\bet\bte\ber\brs\bs. Pathname expansion is not performed. Assignment state-
- ments may also appear as arguments to the a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs, d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be, t\bty\byp\bpe\bes\bse\bet\bt,
+ is not used (see A\bAr\bri\bit\bth\bhm\bme\bet\bti\bic\bc E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn below). Word splitting is not
+ performed, with the exception of "\b"$\b$@\b@"\b" as explained below under S\bSp\bpe\bec\bci\bia\bal\bl
+ P\bPa\bar\bra\bam\bme\bet\bte\ber\brs\bs. Pathname expansion is not performed. Assignment state-
+ ments may also appear as arguments to the a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs, d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be, t\bty\byp\bpe\bes\bse\bet\bt,
e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt, r\bre\bea\bad\bdo\bon\bnl\bly\by, and l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl builtin commands.
- In the context where an assignment statement is assigning a value to a
+ In the context where an assignment statement is assigning a value to a
shell variable or array index, the += operator can be used to append to
or add to the variable's previous value. When += is applied to a vari-
- able for which the _\bi_\bn_\bt_\be_\bg_\be_\br attribute has been set, _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be is evaluated
- as an arithmetic expression and added to the variable's current value,
+ able for which the _\bi_\bn_\bt_\be_\bg_\be_\br attribute has been set, _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be is evaluated
+ as an arithmetic expression and added to the variable's current value,
which is also evaluated. When += is applied to an array variable using
- compound assignment (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs below), the variable's value is not
+ compound assignment (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs below), the variable's value is not
unset (as it is when using =), and new values are appended to the array
- beginning at one greater than the array's maximum index (for indexed
+ beginning at one greater than the array's maximum index (for indexed
arrays) or added as additional key-value pairs in an associative array.
- When applied to a string-valued variable, _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be is expanded and
+ When applied to a string-valued variable, _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be is expanded and
appended to the variable's value.
P\bPo\bos\bsi\bit\bti\bio\bon\bna\bal\bl P\bPa\bar\bra\bam\bme\bet\bte\ber\brs\bs
- A _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\ba_\bl _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is a parameter denoted by one or more digits,
+ A _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\ba_\bl _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is a parameter denoted by one or more digits,
other than the single digit 0. Positional parameters are assigned from
- the shell's arguments when it is invoked, and may be reassigned using
- the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command. Positional parameters may not be assigned to
- with assignment statements. The positional parameters are temporarily
+ the shell's arguments when it is invoked, and may be reassigned using
+ the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command. Positional parameters may not be assigned to
+ with assignment statements. The positional parameters are temporarily
replaced when a shell function is executed (see F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS below).
- When a positional parameter consisting of more than a single digit is
+ When a positional parameter consisting of more than a single digit is
expanded, it must be enclosed in braces (see E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN below).
S\bSp\bpe\bec\bci\bia\bal\bl P\bPa\bar\bra\bam\bme\bet\bte\ber\brs\bs
- The shell treats several parameters specially. These parameters may
+ The shell treats several parameters specially. These parameters may
only be referenced; assignment to them is not allowed.
- *\b* Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one. When
- the expansion occurs within double quotes, it expands to a sin-
+ *\b* Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one. When
+ the expansion occurs within double quotes, it expands to a sin-
gle word with the value of each parameter separated by the first
character of the I\bIF\bFS\bS special variable. That is, "$\b$*\b*" is equiva-
lent to "$\b$1\b1_\bc$\b$2\b2_\bc.\b..\b..\b.", where _\bc is the first character of the value
- of the I\bIF\bFS\bS variable. If I\bIF\bFS\bS is unset, the parameters are sepa-
- rated by spaces. If I\bIF\bFS\bS is null, the parameters are joined
+ of the I\bIF\bFS\bS variable. If I\bIF\bFS\bS is unset, the parameters are sepa-
+ rated by spaces. If I\bIF\bFS\bS is null, the parameters are joined
without intervening separators.
- @\b@ Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one. When
+ @\b@ Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one. When
the expansion occurs within double quotes, each parameter
expands to a separate word. That is, "$\b$@\b@" is equivalent to "$\b$1\b1"
- "$\b$2\b2" ... If the double-quoted expansion occurs within a word,
- the expansion of the first parameter is joined with the begin-
- ning part of the original word, and the expansion of the last
- parameter is joined with the last part of the original word.
- When there are no positional parameters, "$\b$@\b@" and $\b$@\b@ expand to
+ "$\b$2\b2" ... If the double-quoted expansion occurs within a word,
+ the expansion of the first parameter is joined with the begin-
+ ning part of the original word, and the expansion of the last
+ parameter is joined with the last part of the original word.
+ When there are no positional parameters, "$\b$@\b@" and $\b$@\b@ expand to
nothing (i.e., they are removed).
#\b# Expands to the number of positional parameters in decimal.
- ?\b? Expands to the exit status of the most recently executed fore-
+ ?\b? Expands to the exit status of the most recently executed fore-
ground pipeline.
- -\b- Expands to the current option flags as specified upon invoca-
- tion, by the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command, or those set by the shell
+ -\b- Expands to the current option flags as specified upon invoca-
+ tion, by the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command, or those set by the shell
itself (such as the -\b-i\bi option).
- $\b$ Expands to the process ID of the shell. In a () subshell, it
- expands to the process ID of the current shell, not the sub-
+ $\b$ Expands to the process ID of the shell. In a () subshell, it
+ expands to the process ID of the current shell, not the sub-
shell.
- !\b! Expands to the process ID of the most recently executed back-
+ !\b! Expands to the process ID of the most recently executed back-
ground (asynchronous) command.
- 0\b0 Expands to the name of the shell or shell script. This is set
+ 0\b0 Expands to the name of the shell or shell script. This is set
at shell initialization. If b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is invoked with a file of com-
- mands, $\b$0\b0 is set to the name of that file. If b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is started
- with the -\b-c\bc option, then $\b$0\b0 is set to the first argument after
- the string to be executed, if one is present. Otherwise, it is
- set to the file name used to invoke b\bba\bas\bsh\bh, as given by argument
+ mands, $\b$0\b0 is set to the name of that file. If b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is started
+ with the -\b-c\bc option, then $\b$0\b0 is set to the first argument after
+ the string to be executed, if one is present. Otherwise, it is
+ set to the file name used to invoke b\bba\bas\bsh\bh, as given by argument
zero.
- _\b_ At shell startup, set to the absolute pathname used to invoke
- the shell or shell script being executed as passed in the envi-
- ronment or argument list. Subsequently, expands to the last
- argument to the previous command, after expansion. Also set to
- the full pathname used to invoke each command executed and
+ _\b_ At shell startup, set to the absolute pathname used to invoke
+ the shell or shell script being executed as passed in the envi-
+ ronment or argument list. Subsequently, expands to the last
+ argument to the previous command, after expansion. Also set to
+ the full pathname used to invoke each command executed and
placed in the environment exported to that command. When check-
- ing mail, this parameter holds the name of the mail file cur-
+ ing mail, this parameter holds the name of the mail file cur-
rently being checked.
S\bSh\bhe\bel\bll\bl V\bVa\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\bes\bs
The following variables are set by the shell:
- B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH Expands to the full file name used to invoke this instance of
+ B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH Expands to the full file name used to invoke this instance of
b\bba\bas\bsh\bh.
B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bHO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS
- A colon-separated list of enabled shell options. Each word in
- the list is a valid argument for the -\b-s\bs option to the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt
+ A colon-separated list of enabled shell options. Each word in
+ the list is a valid argument for the -\b-s\bs option to the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt
builtin command (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below). The options
- appearing in B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bHO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS are those reported as _\bo_\bn by s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt. If
- this variable is in the environment when b\bba\bas\bsh\bh starts up, each
- shell option in the list will be enabled before reading any
+ appearing in B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bHO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS are those reported as _\bo_\bn by s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt. If
+ this variable is in the environment when b\bba\bas\bsh\bh starts up, each
+ shell option in the list will be enabled before reading any
startup files. This variable is read-only.
B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bHP\bPI\bID\bD
- Expands to the process ID of the current b\bba\bas\bsh\bh process. This
- differs from $\b$$\b$ under certain circumstances, such as subshells
+ Expands to the process ID of the current b\bba\bas\bsh\bh process. This
+ differs from $\b$$\b$ under certain circumstances, such as subshells
that do not require b\bba\bas\bsh\bh to be re-initialized.
B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAL\bLI\bIA\bAS\bSE\bES\bS
- An associative array variable whose members correspond to the
- internal list of aliases as maintained by the a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs builtin.
+ An associative array variable whose members correspond to the
+ internal list of aliases as maintained by the a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs builtin.
Elements added to this array appear in the alias list; unsetting
- array elements cause aliases to be removed from the alias list.
+ array elements cause aliases to be removed from the alias list.
B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGC\bC
- An array variable whose values are the number of parameters in
+ An array variable whose values are the number of parameters in
each frame of the current b\bba\bas\bsh\bh execution call stack. The number
- of parameters to the current subroutine (shell function or
- script executed with .\b. or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be) is at the top of the stack.
- When a subroutine is executed, the number of parameters passed
+ of parameters to the current subroutine (shell function or
+ script executed with .\b. or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be) is at the top of the stack.
+ When a subroutine is executed, the number of parameters passed
is pushed onto B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGC\bC. The shell sets B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGC\bC only when in
- extended debugging mode (see the description of the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg
+ extended debugging mode (see the description of the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg
option to the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin below)
B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGV\bV
- An array variable containing all of the parameters in the cur-
+ An array variable containing all of the parameters in the cur-
rent b\bba\bas\bsh\bh execution call stack. The final parameter of the last
- subroutine call is at the top of the stack; the first parameter
+ subroutine call is at the top of the stack; the first parameter
of the initial call is at the bottom. When a subroutine is exe-
- cuted, the parameters supplied are pushed onto B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGV\bV. The
- shell sets B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGV\bV only when in extended debugging mode (see
- the description of the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg option to the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin
+ cuted, the parameters supplied are pushed onto B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGV\bV. The
+ shell sets B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGV\bV only when in extended debugging mode (see
+ the description of the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg option to the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin
below)
B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_C\bCM\bMD\bDS\bS
- An associative array variable whose members correspond to the
- internal hash table of commands as maintained by the h\bha\bas\bsh\bh
+ An associative array variable whose members correspond to the
+ internal hash table of commands as maintained by the h\bha\bas\bsh\bh
builtin. Elements added to this array appear in the hash table;
- unsetting array elements cause commands to be removed from the
+ unsetting array elements cause commands to be removed from the
hash table.
B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD
- The command currently being executed or about to be executed,
+ The command currently being executed or about to be executed,
unless the shell is executing a command as the result of a trap,
- in which case it is the command executing at the time of the
+ in which case it is the command executing at the time of the
trap.
B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_E\bEX\bXE\bEC\bCU\bUT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN_\b_S\bST\bTR\bRI\bIN\bNG\bG
The command argument to the -\b-c\bc invocation option.
B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO
- An array variable whose members are the line numbers in source
- files where each corresponding member of F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE was invoked.
+ An array variable whose members are the line numbers in source
+ files where each corresponding member of F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE was invoked.
$\b${\b{B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO[\b[_\b$_\bi]\b]}\b} is the line number in the source file
($\b${\b{B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_S\bSO\bOU\bUR\bRC\bCE\bE[\b[_\b$_\bi_\b+_\b1]\b]}\b}) where $\b${\b{F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE[\b[_\b$_\bi]\b]}\b} was called (or
- $\b${\b{B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO[\b[_\b$_\bi_\b-_\b1]\b]}\b} if referenced within another shell func-
+ $\b${\b{B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO[\b[_\b$_\bi_\b-_\b1]\b]}\b} if referenced within another shell func-
tion). Use L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO to obtain the current line number.
B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_R\bRE\bEM\bMA\bAT\bTC\bCH\bH
- An array variable whose members are assigned by the =\b=~\b~ binary
- operator to the [\b[[\b[ conditional command. The element with index
- 0 is the portion of the string matching the entire regular
- expression. The element with index _\bn is the portion of the
+ An array variable whose members are assigned by the =\b=~\b~ binary
+ operator to the [\b[[\b[ conditional command. The element with index
+ 0 is the portion of the string matching the entire regular
+ expression. The element with index _\bn is the portion of the
string matching the _\bnth parenthesized subexpression. This vari-
able is read-only.
B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_S\bSO\bOU\bUR\bRC\bCE\bE
- An array variable whose members are the source filenames where
- the corresponding shell function names in the F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE array
- variable are defined. The shell function $\b${\b{F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE[\b[_\b$_\bi]\b]}\b} is
- defined in the file $\b${\b{B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_S\bSO\bOU\bUR\bRC\bCE\bE[\b[_\b$_\bi]\b]}\b} and called from
+ An array variable whose members are the source filenames where
+ the corresponding shell function names in the F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE array
+ variable are defined. The shell function $\b${\b{F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE[\b[_\b$_\bi]\b]}\b} is
+ defined in the file $\b${\b{B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_S\bSO\bOU\bUR\bRC\bCE\bE[\b[_\b$_\bi]\b]}\b} and called from
$\b${\b{B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_S\bSO\bOU\bUR\bRC\bCE\bE[\b[_\b$_\bi_\b+_\b1]\b]}\b}.
B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_S\bSU\bUB\bBS\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL
- Incremented by one within each subshell or subshell environment
- when the shell begins executing in that environment. The ini-
+ Incremented by one within each subshell or subshell environment
+ when the shell begins executing in that environment. The ini-
tial value is 0.
B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_V\bVE\bER\bRS\bSI\bIN\bNF\bFO\bO
A readonly array variable whose members hold version information
- for this instance of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh. The values assigned to the array
+ for this instance of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh. The values assigned to the array
members are as follows:
- B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_V\bVE\bER\bRS\bSI\bIN\bNF\bFO\bO[\b[0]\b] The major version number (the _\br_\be_\bl_\be_\ba_\bs_\be).
- B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_V\bVE\bER\bRS\bSI\bIN\bNF\bFO\bO[\b[1]\b] The minor version number (the _\bv_\be_\br_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn).
+ B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_V\bVE\bER\bRS\bSI\bIN\bNF\bFO\bO[\b[0]\b] The major version number (the _\br_\be_\bl_\be_\ba_\bs_\be).
+ B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_V\bVE\bER\bRS\bSI\bIN\bNF\bFO\bO[\b[1]\b] The minor version number (the _\bv_\be_\br_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn).
B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_V\bVE\bER\bRS\bSI\bIN\bNF\bFO\bO[\b[2]\b] The patch level.
B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_V\bVE\bER\bRS\bSI\bIN\bNF\bFO\bO[\b[3]\b] The build version.
B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_V\bVE\bER\bRS\bSI\bIN\bNF\bFO\bO[\b[4]\b] The release status (e.g., _\bb_\be_\bt_\ba_\b1).
B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_V\bVE\bER\bRS\bSI\bIN\bNF\bFO\bO[\b[5]\b] The value of M\bMA\bAC\bCH\bHT\bTY\bYP\bPE\bE.
B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_V\bVE\bER\bRS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN
- Expands to a string describing the version of this instance of
+ Expands to a string describing the version of this instance of
b\bba\bas\bsh\bh.
C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_C\bCW\bWO\bOR\bRD\bD
- An index into $\b${\b{C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_W\bWO\bOR\bRD\bDS\bS}\b} of the word containing the current
+ An index into $\b${\b{C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_W\bWO\bOR\bRD\bDS\bS}\b} of the word containing the current
cursor position. This variable is available only in shell func-
- tions invoked by the programmable completion facilities (see
+ tions invoked by the programmable completion facilities (see
P\bPr\bro\bog\bgr\bra\bam\bmm\bma\bab\bbl\ble\be C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn below).
C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_K\bKE\bEY\bY
The key (or final key of a key sequence) used to invoke the cur-
rent completion function.
C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE
- The current command line. This variable is available only in
- shell functions and external commands invoked by the pro-
- grammable completion facilities (see P\bPr\bro\bog\bgr\bra\bam\bmm\bma\bab\bbl\ble\be C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn
+ The current command line. This variable is available only in
+ shell functions and external commands invoked by the pro-
+ grammable completion facilities (see P\bPr\bro\bog\bgr\bra\bam\bmm\bma\bab\bbl\ble\be C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn
below).
C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_P\bPO\bOI\bIN\bNT\bT
- The index of the current cursor position relative to the begin-
- ning of the current command. If the current cursor position is
+ The index of the current cursor position relative to the begin-
+ ning of the current command. If the current cursor position is
at the end of the current command, the value of this variable is
- equal to $\b${\b{#\b#C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE}\b}. This variable is available only in
- shell functions and external commands invoked by the pro-
- grammable completion facilities (see P\bPr\bro\bog\bgr\bra\bam\bmm\bma\bab\bbl\ble\be C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn
+ equal to $\b${\b{#\b#C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE}\b}. This variable is available only in
+ shell functions and external commands invoked by the pro-
+ grammable completion facilities (see P\bPr\bro\bog\bgr\bra\bam\bmm\bma\bab\bbl\ble\be C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn
below).
C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_T\bTY\bYP\bPE\bE
- Set to an integer value corresponding to the type of completion
- attempted that caused a completion function to be called: _\bT_\bA_\bB,
- for normal completion, _\b?, for listing completions after succes-
- sive tabs, _\b!, for listing alternatives on partial word comple-
- tion, _\b@, to list completions if the word is not unmodified, or
- _\b%, for menu completion. This variable is available only in
- shell functions and external commands invoked by the pro-
- grammable completion facilities (see P\bPr\bro\bog\bgr\bra\bam\bmm\bma\bab\bbl\ble\be C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn
+ Set to an integer value corresponding to the type of completion
+ attempted that caused a completion function to be called: _\bT_\bA_\bB,
+ for normal completion, _\b?, for listing completions after succes-
+ sive tabs, _\b!, for listing alternatives on partial word comple-
+ tion, _\b@, to list completions if the word is not unmodified, or
+ _\b%, for menu completion. This variable is available only in
+ shell functions and external commands invoked by the pro-
+ grammable completion facilities (see P\bPr\bro\bog\bgr\bra\bam\bmm\bma\bab\bbl\ble\be C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn
below).
C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_W\bWO\bOR\bRD\bDB\bBR\bRE\bEA\bAK\bKS\bS
- The set of characters that the r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be library treats as word
- separators when performing word completion. If C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_W\bWO\bOR\bRD\bDB\bBR\bRE\bEA\bAK\bKS\bS
- is unset, it loses its special properties, even if it is subse-
+ The set of characters that the r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be library treats as word
+ separators when performing word completion. If C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_W\bWO\bOR\bRD\bDB\bBR\bRE\bEA\bAK\bKS\bS
+ is unset, it loses its special properties, even if it is subse-
quently reset.
C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_W\bWO\bOR\bRD\bDS\bS
- An array variable (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs below) consisting of the individ-
- ual words in the current command line. The line is split into
- words as r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be would split it, using C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_W\bWO\bOR\bRD\bDB\bBR\bRE\bEA\bAK\bKS\bS as
+ An array variable (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs below) consisting of the individ-
+ ual words in the current command line. The line is split into
+ words as r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be would split it, using C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_W\bWO\bOR\bRD\bDB\bBR\bRE\bEA\bAK\bKS\bS as
described above. This variable is available only in shell func-
- tions invoked by the programmable completion facilities (see
+ tions invoked by the programmable completion facilities (see
P\bPr\bro\bog\bgr\bra\bam\bmm\bma\bab\bbl\ble\be C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn below).
- C\bCO\bOP\bPR\bRO\bOC\bC An array variable (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs below) created to hold the file
- descriptors for output from and input to an unnamed coprocess
+ C\bCO\bOP\bPR\bRO\bOC\bC An array variable (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs below) created to hold the file
+ descriptors for output from and input to an unnamed coprocess
(see C\bCo\bop\bpr\bro\boc\bce\bes\bss\bse\bes\bs above).
D\bDI\bIR\bRS\bST\bTA\bAC\bCK\bK
An array variable (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs below) containing the current con-
- tents of the directory stack. Directories appear in the stack
- in the order they are displayed by the d\bdi\bir\brs\bs builtin. Assigning
+ tents of the directory stack. Directories appear in the stack
+ in the order they are displayed by the d\bdi\bir\brs\bs builtin. Assigning
to members of this array variable may be used to modify directo-
- ries already in the stack, but the p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd and p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd builtins must
+ ries already in the stack, but the p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd and p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd builtins must
be used to add and remove directories. Assignment to this vari-
- able will not change the current directory. If D\bDI\bIR\bRS\bST\bTA\bAC\bCK\bK is
- unset, it loses its special properties, even if it is subse-
+ able will not change the current directory. If D\bDI\bIR\bRS\bST\bTA\bAC\bCK\bK is
+ unset, it loses its special properties, even if it is subse-
quently reset.
- E\bEU\bUI\bID\bD Expands to the effective user ID of the current user, initial-
+ E\bEU\bUI\bID\bD Expands to the effective user ID of the current user, initial-
ized at shell startup. This variable is readonly.
F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE
- An array variable containing the names of all shell functions
+ An array variable containing the names of all shell functions
currently in the execution call stack. The element with index 0
is the name of any currently-executing shell function. The bot-
- tom-most element (the one with the highest index) is "main".
- This variable exists only when a shell function is executing.
- Assignments to F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE have no effect and return an error sta-
- tus. If F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE is unset, it loses its special properties,
+ tom-most element (the one with the highest index) is "main".
+ This variable exists only when a shell function is executing.
+ Assignments to F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE have no effect and return an error sta-
+ tus. If F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE is unset, it loses its special properties,
even if it is subsequently reset.
- This variable can be used with B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO and B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_S\bSO\bOU\bUR\bRC\bCE\bE.
- Each element of F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE has corresponding elements in
- B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO and B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_S\bSO\bOU\bUR\bRC\bCE\bE to describe the call stack. For
- instance, $\b${\b{F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE[\b[_\b$_\bi]\b]}\b} was called from the file
- $\b${\b{B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_S\bSO\bOU\bUR\bRC\bCE\bE[\b[_\b$_\bi_\b+_\b1]\b]}\b} at line number $\b${\b{B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO[\b[_\b$_\bi]\b]}\b}. The
+ This variable can be used with B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO and B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_S\bSO\bOU\bUR\bRC\bCE\bE.
+ Each element of F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE has corresponding elements in
+ B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO and B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_S\bSO\bOU\bUR\bRC\bCE\bE to describe the call stack. For
+ instance, $\b${\b{F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE[\b[_\b$_\bi]\b]}\b} was called from the file
+ $\b${\b{B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_S\bSO\bOU\bUR\bRC\bCE\bE[\b[_\b$_\bi_\b+_\b1]\b]}\b} at line number $\b${\b{B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO[\b[_\b$_\bi]\b]}\b}. The
c\bca\bal\bll\ble\ber\br builtin displays the current call stack using this infor-
mation.
- G\bGR\bRO\bOU\bUP\bPS\bS An array variable containing the list of groups of which the
- current user is a member. Assignments to G\bGR\bRO\bOU\bUP\bPS\bS have no effect
- and return an error status. If G\bGR\bRO\bOU\bUP\bPS\bS is unset, it loses its
+ G\bGR\bRO\bOU\bUP\bPS\bS An array variable containing the list of groups of which the
+ current user is a member. Assignments to G\bGR\bRO\bOU\bUP\bPS\bS have no effect
+ and return an error status. If G\bGR\bRO\bOU\bUP\bPS\bS is unset, it loses its
special properties, even if it is subsequently reset.
H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCM\bMD\bD
The history number, or index in the history list, of the current
- command. If H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCM\bMD\bD is unset, it loses its special properties,
+ command. If H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCM\bMD\bD is unset, it loses its special properties,
even if it is subsequently reset.
H\bHO\bOS\bST\bTN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE
Automatically set to the name of the current host.
H\bHO\bOS\bST\bTT\bTY\bYP\bPE\bE
- Automatically set to a string that uniquely describes the type
- of machine on which b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is executing. The default is system-
+ Automatically set to a string that uniquely describes the type
+ of machine on which b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is executing. The default is system-
dependent.
- L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO Each time this parameter is referenced, the shell substitutes a
- decimal number representing the current sequential line number
- (starting with 1) within a script or function. When not in a
- script or function, the value substituted is not guaranteed to
+ L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO Each time this parameter is referenced, the shell substitutes a
+ decimal number representing the current sequential line number
+ (starting with 1) within a script or function. When not in a
+ script or function, the value substituted is not guaranteed to
be meaningful. If L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO is unset, it loses its special proper-
ties, even if it is subsequently reset.
M\bMA\bAC\bCH\bHT\bTY\bYP\bPE\bE
- Automatically set to a string that fully describes the system
- type on which b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is executing, in the standard GNU _\bc_\bp_\bu_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\b-
+ Automatically set to a string that fully describes the system
+ type on which b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is executing, in the standard GNU _\bc_\bp_\bu_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\b-
_\bp_\ba_\bn_\by_\b-_\bs_\by_\bs_\bt_\be_\bm format. The default is system-dependent.
M\bMA\bAP\bPF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE
- An array variable (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs below) created to hold the text
+ An array variable (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs below) created to hold the text
read by the m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be builtin when no variable name is supplied.
O\bOL\bLD\bDP\bPW\bWD\bD The previous working directory as set by the c\bcd\bd command.
- O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG The value of the last option argument processed by the g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs
+ O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG The value of the last option argument processed by the g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs
builtin command (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below).
- O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD The index of the next argument to be processed by the g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs
+ O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD The index of the next argument to be processed by the g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs
builtin command (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below).
- O\bOS\bST\bTY\bYP\bPE\bE Automatically set to a string that describes the operating sys-
- tem on which b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is executing. The default is system-depen-
+ O\bOS\bST\bTY\bYP\bPE\bE Automatically set to a string that describes the operating sys-
+ tem on which b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is executing. The default is system-depen-
dent.
P\bPI\bIP\bPE\bES\bST\bTA\bAT\bTU\bUS\bS
- An array variable (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs below) containing a list of exit
- status values from the processes in the most-recently-executed
+ An array variable (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs below) containing a list of exit
+ status values from the processes in the most-recently-executed
foreground pipeline (which may contain only a single command).
- P\bPP\bPI\bID\bD The process ID of the shell's parent. This variable is read-
+ P\bPP\bPI\bID\bD The process ID of the shell's parent. This variable is read-
only.
P\bPW\bWD\bD The current working directory as set by the c\bcd\bd command.
R\bRA\bAN\bND\bDO\bOM\bM Each time this parameter is referenced, a random integer between
0 and 32767 is generated. The sequence of random numbers may be
initialized by assigning a value to R\bRA\bAN\bND\bDO\bOM\bM. If R\bRA\bAN\bND\bDO\bOM\bM is unset,
- it loses its special properties, even if it is subsequently
+ it loses its special properties, even if it is subsequently
reset.
R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE
The contents of the r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be line buffer, for use with "bind -x"
R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE_\b_P\bPO\bOI\bIN\bNT\bT
The position of the insertion point in the r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be line buffer,
for use with "bind -x" (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below).
- R\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY Set to the line of input read by the r\bre\bea\bad\bd builtin command when
+ R\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY Set to the line of input read by the r\bre\bea\bad\bd builtin command when
no arguments are supplied.
S\bSE\bEC\bCO\bON\bND\bDS\bS
- Each time this parameter is referenced, the number of seconds
- since shell invocation is returned. If a value is assigned to
- S\bSE\bEC\bCO\bON\bND\bDS\bS, the value returned upon subsequent references is the
- number of seconds since the assignment plus the value assigned.
+ Each time this parameter is referenced, the number of seconds
+ since shell invocation is returned. If a value is assigned to
+ S\bSE\bEC\bCO\bON\bND\bDS\bS, the value returned upon subsequent references is the
+ number of seconds since the assignment plus the value assigned.
If S\bSE\bEC\bCO\bON\bND\bDS\bS is unset, it loses its special properties, even if it
is subsequently reset.
S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bLO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS
- A colon-separated list of enabled shell options. Each word in
- the list is a valid argument for the -\b-o\bo option to the s\bse\bet\bt
+ A colon-separated list of enabled shell options. Each word in
+ the list is a valid argument for the -\b-o\bo option to the s\bse\bet\bt
builtin command (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below). The options
- appearing in S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bLO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS are those reported as _\bo_\bn by s\bse\bet\bt -\b-o\bo. If
- this variable is in the environment when b\bba\bas\bsh\bh starts up, each
- shell option in the list will be enabled before reading any
+ appearing in S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bLO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS are those reported as _\bo_\bn by s\bse\bet\bt -\b-o\bo. If
+ this variable is in the environment when b\bba\bas\bsh\bh starts up, each
+ shell option in the list will be enabled before reading any
startup files. This variable is read-only.
S\bSH\bHL\bLV\bVL\bL Incremented by one each time an instance of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is started.
U\bUI\bID\bD Expands to the user ID of the current user, initialized at shell
startup. This variable is readonly.
- The following variables are used by the shell. In some cases, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh
+ The following variables are used by the shell. In some cases, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh
assigns a default value to a variable; these cases are noted below.
B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_E\bEN\bNV\bV
- If this parameter is set when b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is executing a shell script,
- its value is interpreted as a filename containing commands to
+ If this parameter is set when b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is executing a shell script,
+ its value is interpreted as a filename containing commands to
initialize the shell, as in _\b~_\b/_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\br_\bc. The value of B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_E\bEN\bNV\bV is
- subjected to parameter expansion, command substitution, and
- arithmetic expansion before being interpreted as a file name.
+ subjected to parameter expansion, command substitution, and
+ arithmetic expansion before being interpreted as a file name.
P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is not used to search for the resultant file name.
B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_X\bXT\bTR\bRA\bAC\bCE\bEF\bFD\bD
- If set to an integer corresponding to a valid file descriptor,
- b\bba\bas\bsh\bh will write the trace output generated when _\bs_\be_\bt _\b-_\bx is
- enabled to that file descriptor. The file descriptor is closed
- when B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_X\bXT\bTR\bRA\bAC\bCE\bEF\bFD\bD is unset or assigned a new value. Unsetting
- B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_X\bXT\bTR\bRA\bAC\bCE\bEF\bFD\bD or assigning it the empty string causes the trace
- output to be sent to the standard error. Note that setting
+ If set to an integer corresponding to a valid file descriptor,
+ b\bba\bas\bsh\bh will write the trace output generated when _\bs_\be_\bt _\b-_\bx is
+ enabled to that file descriptor. The file descriptor is closed
+ when B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_X\bXT\bTR\bRA\bAC\bCE\bEF\bFD\bD is unset or assigned a new value. Unsetting
+ B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_X\bXT\bTR\bRA\bAC\bCE\bEF\bFD\bD or assigning it the empty string causes the trace
+ output to be sent to the standard error. Note that setting
B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_X\bXT\bTR\bRA\bAC\bCE\bEF\bFD\bD to 2 (the standard error file descriptor) and then
unsetting it will result in the standard error being closed.
- C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH The search path for the c\bcd\bd command. This is a colon-separated
- list of directories in which the shell looks for destination
- directories specified by the c\bcd\bd command. A sample value is
+ C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH The search path for the c\bcd\bd command. This is a colon-separated
+ list of directories in which the shell looks for destination
+ directories specified by the c\bcd\bd command. A sample value is
".:~:/usr".
C\bCO\bOL\bLU\bUM\bMN\bNS\bS
- Used by the s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt compound command to determine the terminal
- width when printing selection lists. Automatically set upon
- receipt of a S\bSI\bIG\bGW\bWI\bIN\bNC\bCH\bH.
+ Used by the s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt compound command to determine the terminal
+ width when printing selection lists. Automatically set in an
+ interactive shell upon receipt of a S\bSI\bIG\bGW\bWI\bIN\bNC\bCH\bH.
C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bPR\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY
An array variable from which b\bba\bas\bsh\bh reads the possible completions
- generated by a shell function invoked by the programmable com-
+ generated by a shell function invoked by the programmable com-
pletion facility (see P\bPr\bro\bog\bgr\bra\bam\bmm\bma\bab\bbl\ble\be C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn below).
- E\bEM\bMA\bAC\bCS\bS If b\bba\bas\bsh\bh finds this variable in the environment when the shell
- starts with value "t", it assumes that the shell is running in
+ E\bEM\bMA\bAC\bCS\bS If b\bba\bas\bsh\bh finds this variable in the environment when the shell
+ starts with value "t", it assumes that the shell is running in
an Emacs shell buffer and disables line editing.
- E\bEN\bNV\bV Similar to B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_E\bEN\bNV\bV; used when the shell is invoked in POSIX
+ E\bEN\bNV\bV Similar to B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_E\bEN\bNV\bV; used when the shell is invoked in POSIX
mode.
F\bFC\bCE\bED\bDI\bIT\bT The default editor for the f\bfc\bc builtin command.
F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE
- A colon-separated list of suffixes to ignore when performing
+ A colon-separated list of suffixes to ignore when performing
filename completion (see R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE below). A filename whose suf-
- fix matches one of the entries in F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE is excluded from the
+ fix matches one of the entries in F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE is excluded from the
list of matched filenames. A sample value is ".o:~".
F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNE\bES\bST\bT
- If set to a numeric value greater than 0, defines a maximum
- function nesting level. Function invocations that exceed this
+ If set to a numeric value greater than 0, defines a maximum
+ function nesting level. Function invocations that exceed this
nesting level will cause the current command to abort.
G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE
A colon-separated list of patterns defining the set of filenames
to be ignored by pathname expansion. If a filename matched by a
- pathname expansion pattern also matches one of the patterns in
+ pathname expansion pattern also matches one of the patterns in
G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE, it is removed from the list of matches.
H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL
- A colon-separated list of values controlling how commands are
- saved on the history list. If the list of values includes
- _\bi_\bg_\bn_\bo_\br_\be_\bs_\bp_\ba_\bc_\be, lines which begin with a s\bsp\bpa\bac\bce\be character are not
- saved in the history list. A value of _\bi_\bg_\bn_\bo_\br_\be_\bd_\bu_\bp_\bs causes lines
+ A colon-separated list of values controlling how commands are
+ saved on the history list. If the list of values includes
+ _\bi_\bg_\bn_\bo_\br_\be_\bs_\bp_\ba_\bc_\be, lines which begin with a s\bsp\bpa\bac\bce\be character are not
+ saved in the history list. A value of _\bi_\bg_\bn_\bo_\br_\be_\bd_\bu_\bp_\bs causes lines
matching the previous history entry to not be saved. A value of
_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bo_\br_\be_\bb_\bo_\bt_\bh is shorthand for _\bi_\bg_\bn_\bo_\br_\be_\bs_\bp_\ba_\bc_\be and _\bi_\bg_\bn_\bo_\br_\be_\bd_\bu_\bp_\bs. A value
of _\be_\br_\ba_\bs_\be_\bd_\bu_\bp_\bs causes all previous lines matching the current line
- to be removed from the history list before that line is saved.
- Any value not in the above list is ignored. If H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL is
- unset, or does not include a valid value, all lines read by the
+ to be removed from the history list before that line is saved.
+ Any value not in the above list is ignored. If H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL is
+ unset, or does not include a valid value, all lines read by the
shell parser are saved on the history list, subject to the value
- of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE. The second and subsequent lines of a multi-line
- compound command are not tested, and are added to the history
+ of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE. The second and subsequent lines of a multi-line
+ compound command are not tested, and are added to the history
regardless of the value of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL.
H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE
The name of the file in which command history is saved (see H\bHI\bIS\bS-\b-
- T\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY below). The default value is _\b~_\b/_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\b__\bh_\bi_\bs_\bt_\bo_\br_\by. If unset,
- the command history is not saved when an interactive shell
+ T\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY below). The default value is _\b~_\b/_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\b__\bh_\bi_\bs_\bt_\bo_\br_\by. If unset,
+ the command history is not saved when an interactive shell
exits.
H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bES\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE
The maximum number of lines contained in the history file. When
- this variable is assigned a value, the history file is trun-
- cated, if necessary, by removing the oldest entries, to contain
- no more than that number of lines. The default value is 500.
+ this variable is assigned a value, the history file is trun-
+ cated, if necessary, by removing the oldest entries, to contain
+ no more than that number of lines. The default value is 500.
The history file is also truncated to this size after writing it
when an interactive shell exits.
H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE
- A colon-separated list of patterns used to decide which command
- lines should be saved on the history list. Each pattern is
- anchored at the beginning of the line and must match the com-
- plete line (no implicit `*\b*' is appended). Each pattern is
- tested against the line after the checks specified by H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCO\bON\bN-\b-
- T\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL are applied. In addition to the normal shell pattern
+ A colon-separated list of patterns used to decide which command
+ lines should be saved on the history list. Each pattern is
+ anchored at the beginning of the line and must match the com-
+ plete line (no implicit `*\b*' is appended). Each pattern is
+ tested against the line after the checks specified by H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCO\bON\bN-\b-
+ T\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL are applied. In addition to the normal shell pattern
matching characters, `&\b&' matches the previous history line. `&\b&'
- may be escaped using a backslash; the backslash is removed
+ may be escaped using a backslash; the backslash is removed
before attempting a match. The second and subsequent lines of a
multi-line compound command are not tested, and are added to the
history regardless of the value of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE.
H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTS\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE
- The number of commands to remember in the command history (see
+ The number of commands to remember in the command history (see
H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY below). The default value is 500.
H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bEF\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT
- If this variable is set and not null, its value is used as a
+ If this variable is set and not null, its value is used as a
format string for _\bs_\bt_\br_\bf_\bt_\bi_\bm_\be(3) to print the time stamp associated
- with each history entry displayed by the h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by builtin. If
- this variable is set, time stamps are written to the history
- file so they may be preserved across shell sessions. This uses
- the history comment character to distinguish timestamps from
+ with each history entry displayed by the h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by builtin. If
+ this variable is set, time stamps are written to the history
+ file so they may be preserved across shell sessions. This uses
+ the history comment character to distinguish timestamps from
other history lines.
H\bHO\bOM\bME\bE The home directory of the current user; the default argument for
the c\bcd\bd builtin command. The value of this variable is also used
when performing tilde expansion.
H\bHO\bOS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE
- Contains the name of a file in the same format as _\b/_\be_\bt_\bc_\b/_\bh_\bo_\bs_\bt_\bs
+ Contains the name of a file in the same format as _\b/_\be_\bt_\bc_\b/_\bh_\bo_\bs_\bt_\bs
that should be read when the shell needs to complete a hostname.
- The list of possible hostname completions may be changed while
- the shell is running; the next time hostname completion is
- attempted after the value is changed, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh adds the contents of
- the new file to the existing list. If H\bHO\bOS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is set, but has
- no value, or does not name a readable file, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts to
- read _\b/_\be_\bt_\bc_\b/_\bh_\bo_\bs_\bt_\bs to obtain the list of possible hostname comple-
+ The list of possible hostname completions may be changed while
+ the shell is running; the next time hostname completion is
+ attempted after the value is changed, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh adds the contents of
+ the new file to the existing list. If H\bHO\bOS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is set, but has
+ no value, or does not name a readable file, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts to
+ read _\b/_\be_\bt_\bc_\b/_\bh_\bo_\bs_\bt_\bs to obtain the list of possible hostname comple-
tions. When H\bHO\bOS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is unset, the hostname list is cleared.
- I\bIF\bFS\bS The _\bI_\bn_\bt_\be_\br_\bn_\ba_\bl _\bF_\bi_\be_\bl_\bd _\bS_\be_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bt_\bo_\br that is used for word splitting
- after expansion and to split lines into words with the r\bre\bea\bad\bd
+ I\bIF\bFS\bS The _\bI_\bn_\bt_\be_\br_\bn_\ba_\bl _\bF_\bi_\be_\bl_\bd _\bS_\be_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bt_\bo_\br that is used for word splitting
+ after expansion and to split lines into words with the r\bre\bea\bad\bd
builtin command. The default value is ``<space><tab><new-
line>''.
I\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bEE\bEO\bOF\bF
Controls the action of an interactive shell on receipt of an E\bEO\bOF\bF
character as the sole input. If set, the value is the number of
- consecutive E\bEO\bOF\bF characters which must be typed as the first
- characters on an input line before b\bba\bas\bsh\bh exits. If the variable
- exists but does not have a numeric value, or has no value, the
- default value is 10. If it does not exist, E\bEO\bOF\bF signifies the
+ consecutive E\bEO\bOF\bF characters which must be typed as the first
+ characters on an input line before b\bba\bas\bsh\bh exits. If the variable
+ exists but does not have a numeric value, or has no value, the
+ default value is 10. If it does not exist, E\bEO\bOF\bF signifies the
end of input to the shell.
I\bIN\bNP\bPU\bUT\bTR\bRC\bC
- The filename for the r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be startup file, overriding the
+ The filename for the r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be startup file, overriding the
default of _\b~_\b/_\b._\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc (see R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE below).
- L\bLA\bAN\bNG\bG Used to determine the locale category for any category not
+ L\bLA\bAN\bNG\bG Used to determine the locale category for any category not
specifically selected with a variable starting with L\bLC\bC_\b_.
- L\bLC\bC_\b_A\bAL\bLL\bL This variable overrides the value of L\bLA\bAN\bNG\bG and any other L\bLC\bC_\b_
+ L\bLC\bC_\b_A\bAL\bLL\bL This variable overrides the value of L\bLA\bAN\bNG\bG and any other L\bLC\bC_\b_
variable specifying a locale category.
L\bLC\bC_\b_C\bCO\bOL\bLL\bLA\bAT\bTE\bE
- This variable determines the collation order used when sorting
- the results of pathname expansion, and determines the behavior
- of range expressions, equivalence classes, and collating
+ This variable determines the collation order used when sorting
+ the results of pathname expansion, and determines the behavior
+ of range expressions, equivalence classes, and collating
sequences within pathname expansion and pattern matching.
L\bLC\bC_\b_C\bCT\bTY\bYP\bPE\bE
- This variable determines the interpretation of characters and
- the behavior of character classes within pathname expansion and
+ This variable determines the interpretation of characters and
+ the behavior of character classes within pathname expansion and
pattern matching.
L\bLC\bC_\b_M\bME\bES\bSS\bSA\bAG\bGE\bES\bS
- This variable determines the locale used to translate double-
+ This variable determines the locale used to translate double-
quoted strings preceded by a $\b$.
L\bLC\bC_\b_N\bNU\bUM\bME\bER\bRI\bIC\bC
- This variable determines the locale category used for number
+ This variable determines the locale category used for number
formatting.
- L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bES\bS Used by the s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt compound command to determine the column
- length for printing selection lists. Automatically set upon
- receipt of a S\bSI\bIG\bGW\bWI\bIN\bNC\bCH\bH.
- M\bMA\bAI\bIL\bL If this parameter is set to a file or directory name and the
- M\bMA\bAI\bIL\bLP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH variable is not set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh informs the user of the
- arrival of mail in the specified file or Maildir-format direc-
+ L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bES\bS Used by the s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt compound command to determine the column
+ length for printing selection lists. Automatically set by an
+ interactive shell upon receipt of a S\bSI\bIG\bGW\bWI\bIN\bNC\bCH\bH.
+ M\bMA\bAI\bIL\bL If this parameter is set to a file or directory name and the
+ M\bMA\bAI\bIL\bLP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH variable is not set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh informs the user of the
+ arrival of mail in the specified file or Maildir-format direc-
tory.
M\bMA\bAI\bIL\bLC\bCH\bHE\bEC\bCK\bK
- Specifies how often (in seconds) b\bba\bas\bsh\bh checks for mail. The
- default is 60 seconds. When it is time to check for mail, the
- shell does so before displaying the primary prompt. If this
- variable is unset, or set to a value that is not a number
+ Specifies how often (in seconds) b\bba\bas\bsh\bh checks for mail. The
+ default is 60 seconds. When it is time to check for mail, the
+ shell does so before displaying the primary prompt. If this
+ variable is unset, or set to a value that is not a number
greater than or equal to zero, the shell disables mail checking.
M\bMA\bAI\bIL\bLP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH
- A colon-separated list of file names to be checked for mail.
+ A colon-separated list of file names to be checked for mail.
The message to be printed when mail arrives in a particular file
- may be specified by separating the file name from the message
+ may be specified by separating the file name from the message
with a `?'. When used in the text of the message, $\b$_\b_ expands to
the name of the current mailfile. Example:
M\bMA\bAI\bIL\bLP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH='/var/mail/bfox?"You have mail":~/shell-mail?"$_ has
mail!"'
- B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh supplies a default value for this variable, but the loca-
- tion of the user mail files that it uses is system dependent
+ B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh supplies a default value for this variable, but the loca-
+ tion of the user mail files that it uses is system dependent
(e.g., /var/mail/$\b$U\bUS\bSE\bER\bR).
O\bOP\bPT\bTE\bER\bRR\bR If set to the value 1, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh displays error messages generated by
- the g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs builtin command (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below).
- O\bOP\bPT\bTE\bER\bRR\bR is initialized to 1 each time the shell is invoked or a
+ the g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs builtin command (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below).
+ O\bOP\bPT\bTE\bER\bRR\bR is initialized to 1 each time the shell is invoked or a
shell script is executed.
- P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH The search path for commands. It is a colon-separated list of
- directories in which the shell looks for commands (see C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD
- E\bEX\bXE\bEC\bCU\bUT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN below). A zero-length (null) directory name in the
+ P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH The search path for commands. It is a colon-separated list of
+ directories in which the shell looks for commands (see C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD
+ E\bEX\bXE\bEC\bCU\bUT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN below). A zero-length (null) directory name in the
value of P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH indicates the current directory. A null directory
- name may appear as two adjacent colons, or as an initial or
- trailing colon. The default path is system-dependent, and is
- set by the administrator who installs b\bba\bas\bsh\bh. A common value is
- ``/usr/gnu/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/ucb:/bin:/usr/bin''.
+ name may appear as two adjacent colons, or as an initial or
+ trailing colon. The default path is system-dependent, and is
+ set by the administrator who installs b\bba\bas\bsh\bh. A common value is
+ ``/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/sbin''.
P\bPO\bOS\bSI\bIX\bXL\bLY\bY_\b_C\bCO\bOR\bRR\bRE\bEC\bCT\bT
If this variable is in the environment when b\bba\bas\bsh\bh starts, the
shell enters _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be before reading the startup files, as if
After word splitting, unless the -\b-f\bf option has been set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh scans
each word for the characters *\b*, ?\b?, and [\b[. If one of these characters
appears, then the word is regarded as a _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn, and replaced with an
- alphabetically sorted list of file names matching the pattern. If no
- matching file names are found, and the shell option n\bnu\bul\bll\blg\bgl\blo\bob\bb is not
- enabled, the word is left unchanged. If the n\bnu\bul\bll\blg\bgl\blo\bob\bb option is set,
- and no matches are found, the word is removed. If the f\bfa\bai\bil\blg\bgl\blo\bob\bb shell
- option is set, and no matches are found, an error message is printed
- and the command is not executed. If the shell option n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\beg\bgl\blo\bob\bb is
- enabled, the match is performed without regard to the case of alpha-
- betic characters. When a pattern is used for pathname expansion, the
- character `\b``\b`.\b.'\b''\b' at the start of a name or immediately following a
- slash must be matched explicitly, unless the shell option d\bdo\bot\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb is
- set. When matching a pathname, the slash character must always be
- matched explicitly. In other cases, the `\b``\b`.\b.'\b''\b' character is not
- treated specially. See the description of s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt below under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL
- B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS for a description of the n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\beg\bgl\blo\bob\bb, n\bnu\bul\bll\blg\bgl\blo\bob\bb, f\bfa\bai\bil\bl-\b-
- g\bgl\blo\bob\bb, and d\bdo\bot\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb shell options.
+ alphabetically sorted list of file names matching the pattern (see P\bPa\bat\bt-\b-
+ t\bte\ber\brn\bn M\bMa\bat\btc\bch\bhi\bin\bng\bg below). If no matching file names are found, and the
+ shell option n\bnu\bul\bll\blg\bgl\blo\bob\bb is not enabled, the word is left unchanged. If
+ the n\bnu\bul\bll\blg\bgl\blo\bob\bb option is set, and no matches are found, the word is
+ removed. If the f\bfa\bai\bil\blg\bgl\blo\bob\bb shell option is set, and no matches are
+ found, an error message is printed and the command is not executed. If
+ the shell option n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\beg\bgl\blo\bob\bb is enabled, the match is performed without
+ regard to the case of alphabetic characters. When a pattern is used
+ for pathname expansion, the character `\b``\b`.\b.'\b''\b' at the start of a name or
+ immediately following a slash must be matched explicitly, unless the
+ shell option d\bdo\bot\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb is set. When matching a pathname, the slash char-
+ acter must always be matched explicitly. In other cases, the `\b``\b`.\b.'\b''\b'
+ character is not treated specially. See the description of s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt below
+ under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS for a description of the n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\beg\bgl\blo\bob\bb, n\bnu\bul\bll\bl-\b-
+ g\bgl\blo\bob\bb, f\bfa\bai\bil\blg\bgl\blo\bob\bb, and d\bdo\bot\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb shell options.
The G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE shell variable may be used to restrict the set of file
names matching a _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn. If G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE is set, each matching file
character following the [\b[ is a !\b! or a ^\b^ then any charac-
ter not enclosed is matched. The sorting order of char-
acters in range expressions is determined by the current
- locale and the value of the L\bLC\bC_\b_C\bCO\bOL\bLL\bLA\bAT\bTE\bE shell variable, if
- set. A -\b- may be matched by including it as the first or
- last character in the set. A ]\b] may be matched by includ-
- ing it as the first character in the set.
+ locale and the values of the L\bLC\bC_\b_C\bCO\bOL\bLL\bLA\bAT\bTE\bE or L\bLC\bC_\b_A\bAL\bLL\bL shell
+ variables, if set. To obtain the traditional interpreta-
+ tion of range expressions, where [\b[a\ba-\b-d\bd]\b] is equivalent to
+ [\b[a\bab\bbc\bcd\bd]\b], set value of the L\bLC\bC_\b_A\bAL\bLL\bL shell variable to C\bC, or
+ enable the g\bgl\blo\bob\bba\bas\bsc\bci\bii\bir\bra\ban\bng\bge\bes\bs shell option. A -\b- may be
+ matched by including it as the first or last character in
+ the set. A ]\b] may be matched by including it as the first
+ character in the set.
Within [\b[ and ]\b], _\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\ba_\bc_\bt_\be_\br _\bc_\bl_\ba_\bs_\bs_\be_\bs can be specified using
the syntax [\b[:\b:_\bc_\bl_\ba_\bs_\bs:\b:]\b], where _\bc_\bl_\ba_\bs_\bs is one of the following
e\bec\bch\bho\bo [-\b-n\bne\beE\bE] [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
Output the _\ba_\br_\bgs, separated by spaces, followed by a newline.
- The return status is always 0. If -\b-n\bn is specified, the trailing
- newline is suppressed. If the -\b-e\be option is given, interpreta-
- tion of the following backslash-escaped characters is enabled.
- The -\b-E\bE option disables the interpretation of these escape char-
- acters, even on systems where they are interpreted by default.
- The x\bxp\bpg\bg_\b_e\bec\bch\bho\bo shell option may be used to dynamically determine
- whether or not e\bec\bch\bho\bo expands these escape characters by default.
- e\bec\bch\bho\bo does not interpret -\b--\b- to mean the end of options. e\bec\bch\bho\bo
- interprets the following escape sequences:
+ The return status is 0 unless a write error occurs. If -\b-n\bn is
+ specified, the trailing newline is suppressed. If the -\b-e\be option
+ is given, interpretation of the following backslash-escaped
+ characters is enabled. The -\b-E\bE option disables the interpreta-
+ tion of these escape characters, even on systems where they are
+ interpreted by default. The x\bxp\bpg\bg_\b_e\bec\bch\bho\bo shell option may be used
+ to dynamically determine whether or not e\bec\bch\bho\bo expands these
+ escape characters by default. e\bec\bch\bho\bo does not interpret -\b--\b- to
+ mean the end of options. e\bec\bch\bho\bo interprets the following escape
+ sequences:
\\b\a\ba alert (bell)
\\b\b\bb backspace
\\b\c\bc suppress further output
\\b\t\bt horizontal tab
\\b\v\bv vertical tab
\\b\\\b\ backslash
- \\b\0\b0_\bn_\bn_\bn the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value
+ \\b\0\b0_\bn_\bn_\bn the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value
_\bn_\bn_\bn (zero to three octal digits)
- \\b\x\bx_\bH_\bH the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal
+ \\b\x\bx_\bH_\bH the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal
value _\bH_\bH (one or two hex digits)
- \\b\u\bu_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH the Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is the
+ \\b\u\bu_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH the Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is the
hexadecimal value _\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH (one to four hex digits)
\\b\U\bU_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH
- the Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is the
+ the Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is the
hexadecimal value _\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH (one to eight hex digits)
e\ben\bna\bab\bbl\ble\be [-\b-a\ba] [-\b-d\bdn\bnp\bps\bs] [-\b-f\bf _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- Enable and disable builtin shell commands. Disabling a builtin
+ Enable and disable builtin shell commands. Disabling a builtin
allows a disk command which has the same name as a shell builtin
- to be executed without specifying a full pathname, even though
- the shell normally searches for builtins before disk commands.
- If -\b-n\bn is used, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is disabled; otherwise, _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are
+ to be executed without specifying a full pathname, even though
+ the shell normally searches for builtins before disk commands.
+ If -\b-n\bn is used, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is disabled; otherwise, _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are
enabled. For example, to use the t\bte\bes\bst\bt binary found via the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH
- instead of the shell builtin version, run ``enable -n test''.
- The -\b-f\bf option means to load the new builtin command _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be from
+ instead of the shell builtin version, run ``enable -n test''.
+ The -\b-f\bf option means to load the new builtin command _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be from
shared object _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, on systems that support dynamic loading.
- The -\b-d\bd option will delete a builtin previously loaded with -\b-f\bf.
+ The -\b-d\bd option will delete a builtin previously loaded with -\b-f\bf.
If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given, or if the -\b-p\bp option is supplied,
a list of shell builtins is printed. With no other option argu-
- ments, the list consists of all enabled shell builtins. If -\b-n\bn
- is supplied, only disabled builtins are printed. If -\b-a\ba is sup-
- plied, the list printed includes all builtins, with an indica-
- tion of whether or not each is enabled. If -\b-s\bs is supplied, the
- output is restricted to the POSIX _\bs_\bp_\be_\bc_\bi_\ba_\bl builtins. The return
- value is 0 unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a shell builtin or there is an
+ ments, the list consists of all enabled shell builtins. If -\b-n\bn
+ is supplied, only disabled builtins are printed. If -\b-a\ba is sup-
+ plied, the list printed includes all builtins, with an indica-
+ tion of whether or not each is enabled. If -\b-s\bs is supplied, the
+ output is restricted to the POSIX _\bs_\bp_\be_\bc_\bi_\ba_\bl builtins. The return
+ value is 0 unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a shell builtin or there is an
error loading a new builtin from a shared object.
e\bev\bva\bal\bl [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
- The _\ba_\br_\bgs are read and concatenated together into a single com-
- mand. This command is then read and executed by the shell, and
- its exit status is returned as the value of e\bev\bva\bal\bl. If there are
+ The _\ba_\br_\bgs are read and concatenated together into a single com-
+ mand. This command is then read and executed by the shell, and
+ its exit status is returned as the value of e\bev\bva\bal\bl. If there are
no _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs, or only null arguments, e\bev\bva\bal\bl returns 0.
e\bex\bxe\bec\bc [-\b-c\bcl\bl] [-\b-a\ba _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs]]
- If _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is specified, it replaces the shell. No new process
- is created. The _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs become the arguments to _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd. If
+ If _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is specified, it replaces the shell. No new process
+ is created. The _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs become the arguments to _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd. If
the -\b-l\bl option is supplied, the shell places a dash at the begin-
- ning of the zeroth argument passed to _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd. This is what
+ ning of the zeroth argument passed to _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd. This is what
_\bl_\bo_\bg_\bi_\bn(1) does. The -\b-c\bc option causes _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd to be executed with
- an empty environment. If -\b-a\ba is supplied, the shell passes _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
+ an empty environment. If -\b-a\ba is supplied, the shell passes _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
as the zeroth argument to the executed command. If _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd can-
- not be executed for some reason, a non-interactive shell exits,
- unless the shell option e\bex\bxe\bec\bcf\bfa\bai\bil\bl is enabled, in which case it
- returns failure. An interactive shell returns failure if the
+ not be executed for some reason, a non-interactive shell exits,
+ unless the shell option e\bex\bxe\bec\bcf\bfa\bai\bil\bl is enabled, in which case it
+ returns failure. An interactive shell returns failure if the
file cannot be executed. If _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is not specified, any redi-
rections take effect in the current shell, and the return status
- is 0. If there is a redirection error, the return status is 1.
+ is 0. If there is a redirection error, the return status is 1.
e\bex\bxi\bit\bt [_\bn]
- Cause the shell to exit with a status of _\bn. If _\bn is omitted,
+ Cause the shell to exit with a status of _\bn. If _\bn is omitted,
the exit status is that of the last command executed. A trap on
E\bEX\bXI\bIT\bT is executed before the shell terminates.
e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt [-\b-f\bfn\bn] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd]] ...
e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt -\b-p\bp
- The supplied _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are marked for automatic export to the envi-
- ronment of subsequently executed commands. If the -\b-f\bf option is
- given, the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs refer to functions. If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are given, or
- if the -\b-p\bp option is supplied, a list of all names that are
- exported in this shell is printed. The -\b-n\bn option causes the
- export property to be removed from each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If a variable
- name is followed by =_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, the value of the variable is set to
- _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd. e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt returns an exit status of 0 unless an invalid
- option is encountered, one of the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs is not a valid shell
+ The supplied _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are marked for automatic export to the envi-
+ ronment of subsequently executed commands. If the -\b-f\bf option is
+ given, the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs refer to functions. If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are given, or
+ if the -\b-p\bp option is supplied, a list of all names that are
+ exported in this shell is printed. The -\b-n\bn option causes the
+ export property to be removed from each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If a variable
+ name is followed by =_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, the value of the variable is set to
+ _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd. e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt returns an exit status of 0 unless an invalid
+ option is encountered, one of the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs is not a valid shell
variable name, or -\b-f\bf is supplied with a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be that is not a func-
tion.
f\bfc\bc [-\b-e\be _\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [-\b-l\bln\bnr\br] [_\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt] [_\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt]
f\bfc\bc -\b-s\bs [_\bp_\ba_\bt=_\br_\be_\bp] [_\bc_\bm_\bd]
- Fix Command. In the first form, a range of commands from _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt
- to _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt is selected from the history list. _\bF_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt and _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt may
- be specified as a string (to locate the last command beginning
- with that string) or as a number (an index into the history
+ Fix Command. In the first form, a range of commands from _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt
+ to _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt is selected from the history list. _\bF_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt and _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt may
+ be specified as a string (to locate the last command beginning
+ with that string) or as a number (an index into the history
list, where a negative number is used as an offset from the cur-
rent command number). If _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt is not specified it is set to the
- current command for listing (so that ``fc -l -10'' prints the
+ current command for listing (so that ``fc -l -10'' prints the
last 10 commands) and to _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt otherwise. If _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt is not spec-
- ified it is set to the previous command for editing and -16 for
+ ified it is set to the previous command for editing and -16 for
listing.
- The -\b-n\bn option suppresses the command numbers when listing. The
- -\b-r\br option reverses the order of the commands. If the -\b-l\bl option
- is given, the commands are listed on standard output. Other-
- wise, the editor given by _\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is invoked on a file containing
- those commands. If _\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not given, the value of the F\bFC\bCE\bED\bDI\bIT\bT
- variable is used, and the value of E\bED\bDI\bIT\bTO\bOR\bR if F\bFC\bCE\bED\bDI\bIT\bT is not set.
- If neither variable is set, _\bv_\bi is used. When editing is com-
+ The -\b-n\bn option suppresses the command numbers when listing. The
+ -\b-r\br option reverses the order of the commands. If the -\b-l\bl option
+ is given, the commands are listed on standard output. Other-
+ wise, the editor given by _\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is invoked on a file containing
+ those commands. If _\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not given, the value of the F\bFC\bCE\bED\bDI\bIT\bT
+ variable is used, and the value of E\bED\bDI\bIT\bTO\bOR\bR if F\bFC\bCE\bED\bDI\bIT\bT is not set.
+ If neither variable is set, _\bv_\bi is used. When editing is com-
plete, the edited commands are echoed and executed.
- In the second form, _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is re-executed after each instance
- of _\bp_\ba_\bt is replaced by _\br_\be_\bp. A useful alias to use with this is
- ``r="fc -s"'', so that typing ``r cc'' runs the last command
+ In the second form, _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is re-executed after each instance
+ of _\bp_\ba_\bt is replaced by _\br_\be_\bp. A useful alias to use with this is
+ ``r="fc -s"'', so that typing ``r cc'' runs the last command
beginning with ``cc'' and typing ``r'' re-executes the last com-
mand.
- If the first form is used, the return value is 0 unless an
- invalid option is encountered or _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt or _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt specify history
- lines out of range. If the -\b-e\be option is supplied, the return
+ If the first form is used, the return value is 0 unless an
+ invalid option is encountered or _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt or _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt specify history
+ lines out of range. If the -\b-e\be option is supplied, the return
value is the value of the last command executed or failure if an
error occurs with the temporary file of commands. If the second
- form is used, the return status is that of the command re-exe-
- cuted, unless _\bc_\bm_\bd does not specify a valid history line, in
+ form is used, the return status is that of the command re-exe-
+ cuted, unless _\bc_\bm_\bd does not specify a valid history line, in
which case f\bfc\bc returns failure.
f\bfg\bg [_\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc]
- Resume _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc in the foreground, and make it the current job.
+ Resume _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc in the foreground, and make it the current job.
If _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not present, the shell's notion of the _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb
- is used. The return value is that of the command placed into
- the foreground, or failure if run when job control is disabled
+ is used. The return value is that of the command placed into
+ the foreground, or failure if run when job control is disabled
or, when run with job control enabled, if _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc does not spec-
- ify a valid job or _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc specifies a job that was started
+ ify a valid job or _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc specifies a job that was started
without job control.
g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bs]
- g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is used by shell procedures to parse positional parame-
- ters. _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg contains the option characters to be recog-
- nized; if a character is followed by a colon, the option is
- expected to have an argument, which should be separated from it
- by white space. The colon and question mark characters may not
- be used as option characters. Each time it is invoked, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs
- places the next option in the shell variable _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, initializing
+ g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is used by shell procedures to parse positional parame-
+ ters. _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg contains the option characters to be recog-
+ nized; if a character is followed by a colon, the option is
+ expected to have an argument, which should be separated from it
+ by white space. The colon and question mark characters may not
+ be used as option characters. Each time it is invoked, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs
+ places the next option in the shell variable _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, initializing
_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be if it does not exist, and the index of the next argument to
be processed into the variable O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD. O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD is initialized to
- 1 each time the shell or a shell script is invoked. When an
- option requires an argument, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs places that argument into
- the variable O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG. The shell does not reset O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD automati-
- cally; it must be manually reset between multiple calls to
+ 1 each time the shell or a shell script is invoked. When an
+ option requires an argument, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs places that argument into
+ the variable O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG. The shell does not reset O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD automati-
+ cally; it must be manually reset between multiple calls to
g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs within the same shell invocation if a new set of parame-
ters is to be used.
- When the end of options is encountered, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs exits with a
- return value greater than zero. O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD is set to the index of
+ When the end of options is encountered, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs exits with a
+ return value greater than zero. O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD is set to the index of
the first non-option argument, and _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is set to ?.
- g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs normally parses the positional parameters, but if more
+ g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs normally parses the positional parameters, but if more
arguments are given in _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs parses those instead.
- g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs can report errors in two ways. If the first character
- of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg is a colon, _\bs_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\bt error reporting is used. In
- normal operation diagnostic messages are printed when invalid
- options or missing option arguments are encountered. If the
- variable O\bOP\bPT\bTE\bER\bRR\bR is set to 0, no error messages will be dis-
+ g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs can report errors in two ways. If the first character
+ of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg is a colon, _\bs_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\bt error reporting is used. In
+ normal operation diagnostic messages are printed when invalid
+ options or missing option arguments are encountered. If the
+ variable O\bOP\bPT\bTE\bER\bRR\bR is set to 0, no error messages will be dis-
played, even if the first character of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg is not a colon.
If an invalid option is seen, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs places ? into _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be and, if
- not silent, prints an error message and unsets O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG. If
- g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is silent, the option character found is placed in
+ not silent, prints an error message and unsets O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG. If
+ g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is silent, the option character found is placed in
O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG and no diagnostic message is printed.
- If a required argument is not found, and g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is not silent,
- a question mark (?\b?) is placed in _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG is unset, and a
- diagnostic message is printed. If g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is silent, then a
- colon (:\b:) is placed in _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be and O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG is set to the option
+ If a required argument is not found, and g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is not silent,
+ a question mark (?\b?) is placed in _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG is unset, and a
+ diagnostic message is printed. If g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is silent, then a
+ colon (:\b:) is placed in _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be and O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG is set to the option
character found.
- g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs returns true if an option, specified or unspecified, is
+ g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs returns true if an option, specified or unspecified, is
found. It returns false if the end of options is encountered or
an error occurs.
h\bha\bas\bsh\bh [-\b-l\blr\br] [-\b-p\bp _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [-\b-d\bdt\bt] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be]
Each time h\bha\bas\bsh\bh is invoked, the full pathname of the command _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
- is determined by searching the directories in $\b$P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH and remem-
+ is determined by searching the directories in $\b$P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH and remem-
bered. Any previously-remembered pathname is discarded. If the
-\b-p\bp option is supplied, no path search is performed, and _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
- is used as the full file name of the command. The -\b-r\br option
- causes the shell to forget all remembered locations. The -\b-d\bd
- option causes the shell to forget the remembered location of
- each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If the -\b-t\bt option is supplied, the full pathname to
- which each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be corresponds is printed. If multiple _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be argu-
- ments are supplied with -\b-t\bt, the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is printed before the
- hashed full pathname. The -\b-l\bl option causes output to be dis-
+ is used as the full file name of the command. The -\b-r\br option
+ causes the shell to forget all remembered locations. The -\b-d\bd
+ option causes the shell to forget the remembered location of
+ each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If the -\b-t\bt option is supplied, the full pathname to
+ which each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be corresponds is printed. If multiple _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be argu-
+ ments are supplied with -\b-t\bt, the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is printed before the
+ hashed full pathname. The -\b-l\bl option causes output to be dis-
played in a format that may be reused as input. If no arguments
- are given, or if only -\b-l\bl is supplied, information about remem-
- bered commands is printed. The return status is true unless a
+ are given, or if only -\b-l\bl is supplied, information about remem-
+ bered commands is printed. The return status is true unless a
_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not found or an invalid option is supplied.
h\bhe\bel\blp\bp [-\b-d\bdm\bms\bs] [_\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn]
- Display helpful information about builtin commands. If _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn
- is specified, h\bhe\bel\blp\bp gives detailed help on all commands matching
- _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn; otherwise help for all the builtins and shell control
+ Display helpful information about builtin commands. If _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn
+ is specified, h\bhe\bel\blp\bp gives detailed help on all commands matching
+ _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn; otherwise help for all the builtins and shell control
structures is printed.
-\b-d\bd Display a short description of each _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn
-\b-m\bm Display the description of each _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn in a manpage-like
h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by -\b-s\bs _\ba_\br_\bg [_\ba_\br_\bg _\b._\b._\b.]
With no options, display the command history list with line num-
bers. Lines listed with a *\b* have been modified. An argument of
- _\bn lists only the last _\bn lines. If the shell variable H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bE-\b-
- F\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT is set and not null, it is used as a format string for
- _\bs_\bt_\br_\bf_\bt_\bi_\bm_\be(3) to display the time stamp associated with each dis-
- played history entry. No intervening blank is printed between
- the formatted time stamp and the history line. If _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is
- supplied, it is used as the name of the history file; if not,
- the value of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is used. Options, if supplied, have the
+ _\bn lists only the last _\bn lines. If the shell variable H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bE-\b-
+ F\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT is set and not null, it is used as a format string for
+ _\bs_\bt_\br_\bf_\bt_\bi_\bm_\be(3) to display the time stamp associated with each dis-
+ played history entry. No intervening blank is printed between
+ the formatted time stamp and the history line. If _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is
+ supplied, it is used as the name of the history file; if not,
+ the value of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is used. Options, if supplied, have the
following meanings:
-\b-c\bc Clear the history list by deleting all the entries.
-\b-d\bd _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt
Delete the history entry at position _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt.
- -\b-a\ba Append the ``new'' history lines (history lines entered
- since the beginning of the current b\bba\bas\bsh\bh session) to the
+ -\b-a\ba Append the ``new'' history lines (history lines entered
+ since the beginning of the current b\bba\bas\bsh\bh session) to the
history file.
- -\b-n\bn Read the history lines not already read from the history
- file into the current history list. These are lines
- appended to the history file since the beginning of the
+ -\b-n\bn Read the history lines not already read from the history
+ file into the current history list. These are lines
+ appended to the history file since the beginning of the
current b\bba\bas\bsh\bh session.
-\b-r\br Read the contents of the history file and use them as the
current history.
- -\b-w\bw Write the current history to the history file, overwrit-
+ -\b-w\bw Write the current history to the history file, overwrit-
ing the history file's contents.
- -\b-p\bp Perform history substitution on the following _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs and
- display the result on the standard output. Does not
- store the results in the history list. Each _\ba_\br_\bg must be
+ -\b-p\bp Perform history substitution on the following _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs and
+ display the result on the standard output. Does not
+ store the results in the history list. Each _\ba_\br_\bg must be
quoted to disable normal history expansion.
- -\b-s\bs Store the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs in the history list as a single entry.
- The last command in the history list is removed before
+ -\b-s\bs Store the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs in the history list as a single entry.
+ The last command in the history list is removed before
the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs are added.
- If the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bEF\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT variable is set, the time stamp informa-
- tion associated with each history entry is written to the his-
- tory file, marked with the history comment character. When the
- history file is read, lines beginning with the history comment
- character followed immediately by a digit are interpreted as
+ If the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bEF\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT variable is set, the time stamp informa-
+ tion associated with each history entry is written to the his-
+ tory file, marked with the history comment character. When the
+ history file is read, lines beginning with the history comment
+ character followed immediately by a digit are interpreted as
timestamps for the previous history line. The return value is 0
- unless an invalid option is encountered, an error occurs while
- reading or writing the history file, an invalid _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt is sup-
+ unless an invalid option is encountered, an error occurs while
+ reading or writing the history file, an invalid _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt is sup-
plied as an argument to -\b-d\bd, or the history expansion supplied as
an argument to -\b-p\bp fails.
The first form lists the active jobs. The options have the fol-
lowing meanings:
-\b-l\bl List process IDs in addition to the normal information.
- -\b-n\bn Display information only about jobs that have changed
- status since the user was last notified of their status.
- -\b-p\bp List only the process ID of the job's process group
+ -\b-n\bn Display information only about jobs that have changed
+ status since the user was last notified of their status.
+ -\b-p\bp List only the process ID of the job's process group
leader.
-\b-r\br Restrict output to running jobs.
-\b-s\bs Restrict output to stopped jobs.
- If _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is given, output is restricted to information about
- that job. The return status is 0 unless an invalid option is
+ If _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is given, output is restricted to information about
+ that job. The return status is 0 unless an invalid option is
encountered or an invalid _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is supplied.
If the -\b-x\bx option is supplied, j\bjo\bob\bbs\bs replaces any _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc found in
- _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd or _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs with the corresponding process group ID, and
+ _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd or _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs with the corresponding process group ID, and
executes _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd passing it _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs, returning its exit status.
k\bki\bil\bll\bl [-\b-s\bs _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc | -\b-n\bn _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bu_\bm | -\b-_\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc] [_\bp_\bi_\bd | _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc] ...
k\bki\bil\bll\bl -\b-l\bl [_\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc | _\be_\bx_\bi_\bt_\b__\bs_\bt_\ba_\bt_\bu_\bs]
- Send the signal named by _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc or _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bu_\bm to the processes
- named by _\bp_\bi_\bd or _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc. _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is either a case-insensitive
- signal name such as S\bSI\bIG\bGK\bKI\bIL\bLL\bL (with or without the S\bSI\bIG\bG prefix) or
- a signal number; _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bu_\bm is a signal number. If _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not
- present, then S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTE\bER\bRM\bM is assumed. An argument of -\b-l\bl lists the
- signal names. If any arguments are supplied when -\b-l\bl is given,
- the names of the signals corresponding to the arguments are
+ Send the signal named by _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc or _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bu_\bm to the processes
+ named by _\bp_\bi_\bd or _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc. _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is either a case-insensitive
+ signal name such as S\bSI\bIG\bGK\bKI\bIL\bLL\bL (with or without the S\bSI\bIG\bG prefix) or
+ a signal number; _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bu_\bm is a signal number. If _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not
+ present, then S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTE\bER\bRM\bM is assumed. An argument of -\b-l\bl lists the
+ signal names. If any arguments are supplied when -\b-l\bl is given,
+ the names of the signals corresponding to the arguments are
listed, and the return status is 0. The _\be_\bx_\bi_\bt_\b__\bs_\bt_\ba_\bt_\bu_\bs argument to
- -\b-l\bl is a number specifying either a signal number or the exit
- status of a process terminated by a signal. k\bki\bil\bll\bl returns true
- if at least one signal was successfully sent, or false if an
+ -\b-l\bl is a number specifying either a signal number or the exit
+ status of a process terminated by a signal. k\bki\bil\bll\bl returns true
+ if at least one signal was successfully sent, or false if an
error occurs or an invalid option is encountered.
l\ble\bet\bt _\ba_\br_\bg [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
Each _\ba_\br_\bg is an arithmetic expression to be evaluated (see A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bH-\b-
- M\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN above). If the last _\ba_\br_\bg evaluates to 0, l\ble\bet\bt
+ M\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN above). If the last _\ba_\br_\bg evaluates to 0, l\ble\bet\bt
returns 1; 0 is returned otherwise.
l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl [_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be] ...]
- For each argument, a local variable named _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is created, and
- assigned _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be. The _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn can be any of the options accepted
+ For each argument, a local variable named _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is created, and
+ assigned _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be. The _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn can be any of the options accepted
by d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be. When l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl is used within a function, it causes the
- variable _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be to have a visible scope restricted to that func-
+ variable _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be to have a visible scope restricted to that func-
tion and its children. With no operands, l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl writes a list of
- local variables to the standard output. It is an error to use
+ local variables to the standard output. It is an error to use
l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl when not within a function. The return status is 0 unless
- l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl is used outside a function, an invalid _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is supplied,
+ l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl is used outside a function, an invalid _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is supplied,
or _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is a readonly variable.
l\blo\bog\bgo\bou\but\bt Exit a login shell.
- m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be [-\b-n\bn _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-O\bO _\bo_\br_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bn] [-\b-s\bs _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-t\bt] [-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd] [-\b-C\bC _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk]
+ m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be [-\b-n\bn _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-O\bO _\bo_\br_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bn] [-\b-s\bs _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-t\bt] [-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd] [-\b-C\bC _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk]
[-\b-c\bc _\bq_\bu_\ba_\bn_\bt_\bu_\bm] [_\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by]
- r\bre\bea\bad\bda\bar\brr\bra\bay\by [-\b-n\bn _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-O\bO _\bo_\br_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bn] [-\b-s\bs _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-t\bt] [-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd] [-\b-C\bC _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk]
+ r\bre\bea\bad\bda\bar\brr\bra\bay\by [-\b-n\bn _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-O\bO _\bo_\br_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bn] [-\b-s\bs _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-t\bt] [-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd] [-\b-C\bC _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk]
[-\b-c\bc _\bq_\bu_\ba_\bn_\bt_\bu_\bm] [_\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by]
- Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array vari-
- able _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by, or from file descriptor _\bf_\bd if the -\b-u\bu option is sup-
- plied. The variable M\bMA\bAP\bPF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is the default _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by. Options, if
+ Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array vari-
+ able _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by, or from file descriptor _\bf_\bd if the -\b-u\bu option is sup-
+ plied. The variable M\bMA\bAP\bPF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is the default _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by. Options, if
supplied, have the following meanings:
- -\b-n\bn Copy at most _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt lines. If _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt is 0, all lines are
+ -\b-n\bn Copy at most _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt lines. If _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt is 0, all lines are
copied.
- -\b-O\bO Begin assigning to _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by at index _\bo_\br_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bn. The default
+ -\b-O\bO Begin assigning to _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by at index _\bo_\br_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bn. The default
index is 0.
-\b-s\bs Discard the first _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt lines read.
-\b-t\bt Remove a trailing newline from each line read.
- -\b-u\bu Read lines from file descriptor _\bf_\bd instead of the stan-
+ -\b-u\bu Read lines from file descriptor _\bf_\bd instead of the stan-
dard input.
- -\b-C\bC Evaluate _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk each time _\bq_\bu_\ba_\bn_\bt_\bu_\bm lines are read. The
+ -\b-C\bC Evaluate _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk each time _\bq_\bu_\ba_\bn_\bt_\bu_\bm lines are read. The
-\b-c\bc option specifies _\bq_\bu_\ba_\bn_\bt_\bu_\bm.
- -\b-c\bc Specify the number of lines read between each call to
+ -\b-c\bc Specify the number of lines read between each call to
_\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk.
- If -\b-C\bC is specified without -\b-c\bc, the default quantum is 5000.
+ If -\b-C\bC is specified without -\b-c\bc, the default quantum is 5000.
When _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk is evaluated, it is supplied the index of the next
array element to be assigned and the line to be assigned to that
- element as additional arguments. _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk is evaluated after
+ element as additional arguments. _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk is evaluated after
the line is read but before the array element is assigned.
- If not supplied with an explicit origin, m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be will clear
+ If not supplied with an explicit origin, m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be will clear
_\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by before assigning to it.
- m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be returns successfully unless an invalid option or option
- argument is supplied, _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by is invalid or unassignable, or if
+ m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be returns successfully unless an invalid option or option
+ argument is supplied, _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by is invalid or unassignable, or if
_\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by is not an indexed array.
p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd [-n\bn] [+_\bn] [-_\bn]
- Removes entries from the directory stack. With no arguments,
- removes the top directory from the stack, and performs a c\bcd\bd to
+ Removes entries from the directory stack. With no arguments,
+ removes the top directory from the stack, and performs a c\bcd\bd to
the new top directory. Arguments, if supplied, have the follow-
ing meanings:
- -\b-n\bn Suppresses the normal change of directory when removing
- directories from the stack, so that only the stack is
+ -\b-n\bn Suppresses the normal change of directory when removing
+ directories from the stack, so that only the stack is
manipulated.
- +\b+_\bn Removes the _\bnth entry counting from the left of the list
- shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with zero. For example: ``popd
+ +\b+_\bn Removes the _\bnth entry counting from the left of the list
+ shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with zero. For example: ``popd
+0'' removes the first directory, ``popd +1'' the second.
-\b-_\bn Removes the _\bnth entry counting from the right of the list
- shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with zero. For example: ``popd
- -0'' removes the last directory, ``popd -1'' the next to
+ shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with zero. For example: ``popd
+ -0'' removes the last directory, ``popd -1'' the next to
last.
- If the p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd command is successful, a d\bdi\bir\brs\bs is performed as well,
- and the return status is 0. p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd returns false if an invalid
+ If the p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd command is successful, a d\bdi\bir\brs\bs is performed as well,
+ and the return status is 0. p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd returns false if an invalid
option is encountered, the directory stack is empty, a non-exis-
tent directory stack entry is specified, or the directory change
fails.
p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf [-\b-v\bv _\bv_\ba_\br] _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs]
- Write the formatted _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs to the standard output under the
- control of the _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt. The -\b-v\bv option causes the output to be
- assigned to the variable _\bv_\ba_\br rather than being printed to the
+ Write the formatted _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs to the standard output under the
+ control of the _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt. The -\b-v\bv option causes the output to be
+ assigned to the variable _\bv_\ba_\br rather than being printed to the
standard output.
- The _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt is a character string which contains three types of
- objects: plain characters, which are simply copied to standard
- output, character escape sequences, which are converted and
- copied to the standard output, and format specifications, each
- of which causes printing of the next successive _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt. In
+ The _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt is a character string which contains three types of
+ objects: plain characters, which are simply copied to standard
+ output, character escape sequences, which are converted and
+ copied to the standard output, and format specifications, each
+ of which causes printing of the next successive _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt. In
addition to the standard _\bp_\br_\bi_\bn_\bt_\bf(1) format specifications, p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf
interprets the following extensions:
%\b%b\bb causes p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf to expand backslash escape sequences in the
corresponding _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt (except that \\b\c\bc terminates output,
- backslashes in \\b\'\b', \\b\"\b", and \\b\?\b? are not removed, and octal
+ backslashes in \\b\'\b', \\b\"\b", and \\b\?\b? are not removed, and octal
escapes beginning with \\b\0\b0 may contain up to four digits).
- %\b%q\bq causes p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf to output the corresponding _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt in a
+ %\b%q\bq causes p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf to output the corresponding _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt in a
format that can be reused as shell input.
%\b%(\b(_\bd_\ba_\bt_\be_\bf_\bm_\bt)\b)T\bT
- causes p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf to output the date-time string resulting
- from using _\bd_\ba_\bt_\be_\bf_\bm_\bt as a format string for _\bs_\bt_\br_\bf_\bt_\bi_\bm_\be(3).
+ causes p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf to output the date-time string resulting
+ from using _\bd_\ba_\bt_\be_\bf_\bm_\bt as a format string for _\bs_\bt_\br_\bf_\bt_\bi_\bm_\be(3).
The corresponding _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt is an integer representing the
- number of seconds since the epoch. Two special argument
- values may be used: -1 represents the current time, and
+ number of seconds since the epoch. Two special argument
+ values may be used: -1 represents the current time, and
-2 represents the time the shell was invoked.
- Arguments to non-string format specifiers are treated as C con-
+ Arguments to non-string format specifiers are treated as C con-
stants, except that a leading plus or minus sign is allowed, and
- if the leading character is a single or double quote, the value
+ if the leading character is a single or double quote, the value
is the ASCII value of the following character.
- The _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt is reused as necessary to consume all of the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\b-
+ The _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt is reused as necessary to consume all of the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\b-
_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs. If the _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt requires more _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs than are supplied,
- the extra format specifications behave as if a zero value or
- null string, as appropriate, had been supplied. The return
+ the extra format specifications behave as if a zero value or
+ null string, as appropriate, had been supplied. The return
value is zero on success, non-zero on failure.
p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd [-\b-n\bn] [+_\bn] [-_\bn]
p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd [-\b-n\bn] [_\bd_\bi_\br]
- Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates
- the stack, making the new top of the stack the current working
+ Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates
+ the stack, making the new top of the stack the current working
directory. With no arguments, exchanges the top two directories
- and returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty. Arguments,
+ and returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty. Arguments,
if supplied, have the following meanings:
- -\b-n\bn Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding
- directories to the stack, so that only the stack is
+ -\b-n\bn Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding
+ directories to the stack, so that only the stack is
manipulated.
- +\b+_\bn Rotates the stack so that the _\bnth directory (counting
- from the left of the list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with
+ +\b+_\bn Rotates the stack so that the _\bnth directory (counting
+ from the left of the list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with
zero) is at the top.
- -\b-_\bn Rotates the stack so that the _\bnth directory (counting
- from the right of the list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with
+ -\b-_\bn Rotates the stack so that the _\bnth directory (counting
+ from the right of the list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with
zero) is at the top.
_\bd_\bi_\br Adds _\bd_\bi_\br to the directory stack at the top, making it the
new current working directory.
If the p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd command is successful, a d\bdi\bir\brs\bs is performed as well.
- If the first form is used, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd returns 0 unless the cd to _\bd_\bi_\br
- fails. With the second form, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd returns 0 unless the direc-
- tory stack is empty, a non-existent directory stack element is
- specified, or the directory change to the specified new current
+ If the first form is used, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd returns 0 unless the cd to _\bd_\bi_\br
+ fails. With the second form, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd returns 0 unless the direc-
+ tory stack is empty, a non-existent directory stack element is
+ specified, or the directory change to the specified new current
directory fails.
p\bpw\bwd\bd [-\b-L\bLP\bP]
- Print the absolute pathname of the current working directory.
+ Print the absolute pathname of the current working directory.
The pathname printed contains no symbolic links if the -\b-P\bP option
is supplied or the -\b-o\bo p\bph\bhy\bys\bsi\bic\bca\bal\bl option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command
- is enabled. If the -\b-L\bL option is used, the pathname printed may
- contain symbolic links. The return status is 0 unless an error
- occurs while reading the name of the current directory or an
+ is enabled. If the -\b-L\bL option is used, the pathname printed may
+ contain symbolic links. The return status is 0 unless an error
+ occurs while reading the name of the current directory or an
invalid option is supplied.
r\bre\bea\bad\bd [-\b-e\ber\brs\bs] [-\b-a\ba _\ba_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [-\b-d\bd _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm] [-\b-i\bi _\bt_\be_\bx_\bt] [-\b-n\bn _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs] [-\b-N\bN _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs] [-\b-p\bp
_\bp_\br_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bt] [-\b-t\bt _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt] [-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- One line is read from the standard input, or from the file
- descriptor _\bf_\bd supplied as an argument to the -\b-u\bu option, and the
+ One line is read from the standard input, or from the file
+ descriptor _\bf_\bd supplied as an argument to the -\b-u\bu option, and the
first word is assigned to the first _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, the second word to the
- second _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, and so on, with leftover words and their interven-
- ing separators assigned to the last _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If there are fewer
+ second _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, and so on, with leftover words and their interven-
+ ing separators assigned to the last _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If there are fewer
words read from the input stream than names, the remaining names
- are assigned empty values. The characters in I\bIF\bFS\bS are used to
- split the line into words. The backslash character (\\b\) may be
- used to remove any special meaning for the next character read
- and for line continuation. Options, if supplied, have the fol-
+ are assigned empty values. The characters in I\bIF\bFS\bS are used to
+ split the line into words. The backslash character (\\b\) may be
+ used to remove any special meaning for the next character read
+ and for line continuation. Options, if supplied, have the fol-
lowing meanings:
-\b-a\ba _\ba_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
The words are assigned to sequential indices of the array
new values are assigned. Other _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are
ignored.
-\b-d\bd _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm
- The first character of _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm is used to terminate the
+ The first character of _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm is used to terminate the
input line, rather than newline.
-\b-e\be If the standard input is coming from a terminal, r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be
- (see R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE above) is used to obtain the line. Read-
- line uses the current (or default, if line editing was
+ (see R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE above) is used to obtain the line. Read-
+ line uses the current (or default, if line editing was
not previously active) editing settings.
-\b-i\bi _\bt_\be_\bx_\bt
- If r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used to read the line, _\bt_\be_\bx_\bt is
+ If r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used to read the line, _\bt_\be_\bx_\bt is
placed into the editing buffer before editing begins.
-\b-n\bn _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs
- r\bre\bea\bad\bd returns after reading _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters rather than
- waiting for a complete line of input, but honor a delim-
- iter if fewer than _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters are read before the
+ r\bre\bea\bad\bd returns after reading _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters rather than
+ waiting for a complete line of input, but honor a delim-
+ iter if fewer than _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters are read before the
delimiter.
-\b-N\bN _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs
- r\bre\bea\bad\bd returns after reading exactly _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters
- rather than waiting for a complete line of input, unless
- EOF is encountered or r\bre\bea\bad\bd times out. Delimiter charac-
- ters encountered in the input are not treated specially
- and do not cause r\bre\bea\bad\bd to return until _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters
+ r\bre\bea\bad\bd returns after reading exactly _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters
+ rather than waiting for a complete line of input, unless
+ EOF is encountered or r\bre\bea\bad\bd times out. Delimiter charac-
+ ters encountered in the input are not treated specially
+ and do not cause r\bre\bea\bad\bd to return until _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters
are read.
-\b-p\bp _\bp_\br_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bt
Display _\bp_\br_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bt on standard error, without a trailing new-
line, before attempting to read any input. The prompt is
displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.
-\b-r\br Backslash does not act as an escape character. The back-
- slash is considered to be part of the line. In particu-
- lar, a backslash-newline pair may not be used as a line
+ slash is considered to be part of the line. In particu-
+ lar, a backslash-newline pair may not be used as a line
continuation.
-\b-s\bs Silent mode. If input is coming from a terminal, charac-
ters are not echoed.
-\b-t\bt _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt
- Cause r\bre\bea\bad\bd to time out and return failure if a complete
- line of input is not read within _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt seconds. _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\b-
- _\bo_\bu_\bt may be a decimal number with a fractional portion
- following the decimal point. This option is only effec-
- tive if r\bre\bea\bad\bd is reading input from a terminal, pipe, or
- other special file; it has no effect when reading from
- regular files. If _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt is 0, r\bre\bea\bad\bd returns success if
- input is available on the specified file descriptor,
- failure otherwise. The exit status is greater than 128
+ Cause r\bre\bea\bad\bd to time out and return failure if a complete
+ line of input is not read within _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt seconds. _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\b-
+ _\bo_\bu_\bt may be a decimal number with a fractional portion
+ following the decimal point. This option is only effec-
+ tive if r\bre\bea\bad\bd is reading input from a terminal, pipe, or
+ other special file; it has no effect when reading from
+ regular files. If _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt is 0, r\bre\bea\bad\bd returns success if
+ input is available on the specified file descriptor,
+ failure otherwise. The exit status is greater than 128
if the timeout is exceeded.
-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd Read input from file descriptor _\bf_\bd.
If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are supplied, the line read is assigned to the vari-
- able R\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY. The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is
- encountered, r\bre\bea\bad\bd times out (in which case the return code is
- greater than 128), or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as
+ able R\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY. The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is
+ encountered, r\bre\bea\bad\bd times out (in which case the return code is
+ greater than 128), or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as
the argument to -\b-u\bu.
r\bre\bea\bad\bdo\bon\bnl\bly\by [-\b-a\baA\bAf\bf] [-\b-p\bp] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd] ...]
- The given _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are marked readonly; the values of these _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs
- may not be changed by subsequent assignment. If the -\b-f\bf option
- is supplied, the functions corresponding to the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are so
- marked. The -\b-a\ba option restricts the variables to indexed
- arrays; the -\b-A\bA option restricts the variables to associative
- arrays. If both options are supplied, -\b-A\bA takes precedence. If
- no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given, or if the -\b-p\bp option is supplied, a
+ The given _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are marked readonly; the values of these _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs
+ may not be changed by subsequent assignment. If the -\b-f\bf option
+ is supplied, the functions corresponding to the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are so
+ marked. The -\b-a\ba option restricts the variables to indexed
+ arrays; the -\b-A\bA option restricts the variables to associative
+ arrays. If both options are supplied, -\b-A\bA takes precedence. If
+ no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given, or if the -\b-p\bp option is supplied, a
list of all readonly names is printed. The other options may be
- used to restrict the output to a subset of the set of readonly
- names. The -\b-p\bp option causes output to be displayed in a format
- that may be reused as input. If a variable name is followed by
- =_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, the value of the variable is set to _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd. The return
- status is 0 unless an invalid option is encountered, one of the
+ used to restrict the output to a subset of the set of readonly
+ names. The -\b-p\bp option causes output to be displayed in a format
+ that may be reused as input. If a variable name is followed by
+ =_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, the value of the variable is set to _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd. The return
+ status is 0 unless an invalid option is encountered, one of the
_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs is not a valid shell variable name, or -\b-f\bf is supplied with
a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be that is not a function.
r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn [_\bn]
- Causes a function to exit with the return value specified by _\bn.
- If _\bn is omitted, the return status is that of the last command
- executed in the function body. If used outside a function, but
- during execution of a script by the .\b. (s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be) command, it
+ Causes a function to exit with the return value specified by _\bn.
+ If _\bn is omitted, the return status is that of the last command
+ executed in the function body. If used outside a function, but
+ during execution of a script by the .\b. (s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be) command, it
causes the shell to stop executing that script and return either
- _\bn or the exit status of the last command executed within the
- script as the exit status of the script. If used outside a
- function and not during execution of a script by .\b., the return
+ _\bn or the exit status of the last command executed within the
+ script as the exit status of the script. If used outside a
+ function and not during execution of a script by .\b., the return
status is false. Any command associated with the R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN trap is
- executed before execution resumes after the function or script.
+ executed before execution resumes after the function or script.
s\bse\bet\bt [-\b--\b-a\bab\bbe\bef\bfh\bhk\bkm\bmn\bnp\bpt\btu\buv\bvx\bxB\bBC\bCE\bEH\bHP\bPT\bT] [-\b-o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
s\bse\bet\bt [+\b+a\bab\bbe\bef\bfh\bhk\bkm\bmn\bnp\bpt\btu\buv\bvx\bxB\bBC\bCE\bEH\bHP\bPT\bT] [+\b+o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
- Without options, the name and value of each shell variable are
+ Without options, the name and value of each shell variable are
displayed in a format that can be reused as input for setting or
resetting the currently-set variables. Read-only variables can-
- not be reset. In _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be, only shell variables are listed.
- The output is sorted according to the current locale. When
- options are specified, they set or unset shell attributes. Any
- arguments remaining after option processing are treated as val-
+ not be reset. In _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be, only shell variables are listed.
+ The output is sorted according to the current locale. When
+ options are specified, they set or unset shell attributes. Any
+ arguments remaining after option processing are treated as val-
ues for the positional parameters and are assigned, in order, to
- $\b$1\b1, $\b$2\b2, .\b..\b..\b. $\b$_\bn. Options, if specified, have the following
+ $\b$1\b1, $\b$2\b2, .\b..\b..\b. $\b$_\bn. Options, if specified, have the following
meanings:
- -\b-a\ba Automatically mark variables and functions which are
- modified or created for export to the environment of
+ -\b-a\ba Automatically mark variables and functions which are
+ modified or created for export to the environment of
subsequent commands.
- -\b-b\bb Report the status of terminated background jobs immedi-
+ -\b-b\bb Report the status of terminated background jobs immedi-
ately, rather than before the next primary prompt. This
is effective only when job control is enabled.
- -\b-e\be Exit immediately if a _\bp_\bi_\bp_\be_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be (which may consist of a
- single _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd), a _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl command enclosed in
- parentheses, or one of the commands executed as part of
- a command list enclosed by braces (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR
+ -\b-e\be Exit immediately if a _\bp_\bi_\bp_\be_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be (which may consist of a
+ single _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd), a _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl command enclosed in
+ parentheses, or one of the commands executed as part of
+ a command list enclosed by braces (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR
above) exits with a non-zero status. The shell does not
- exit if the command that fails is part of the command
- list immediately following a w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be or u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl keyword,
- part of the test following the i\bif\bf or e\bel\bli\bif\bf reserved
- words, part of any command executed in a &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b| list
- except the command following the final &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b|, any
- command in a pipeline but the last, or if the command's
- return value is being inverted with !\b!. A trap on E\bER\bRR\bR,
+ exit if the command that fails is part of the command
+ list immediately following a w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be or u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl keyword,
+ part of the test following the i\bif\bf or e\bel\bli\bif\bf reserved
+ words, part of any command executed in a &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b| list
+ except the command following the final &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b|, any
+ command in a pipeline but the last, or if the command's
+ return value is being inverted with !\b!. A trap on E\bER\bRR\bR,
if set, is executed before the shell exits. This option
applies to the shell environment and each subshell envi-
- ronment separately (see C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD E\bEX\bXE\bEC\bCU\bUT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN E\bEN\bNV\bVI\bIR\bRO\bON\bNM\bME\bEN\bNT\bT
+ ronment separately (see C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD E\bEX\bXE\bEC\bCU\bUT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN E\bEN\bNV\bVI\bIR\bRO\bON\bNM\bME\bEN\bNT\bT
above), and may cause subshells to exit before executing
all the commands in the subshell.
-\b-f\bf Disable pathname expansion.
- -\b-h\bh Remember the location of commands as they are looked up
+ -\b-h\bh Remember the location of commands as they are looked up
for execution. This is enabled by default.
- -\b-k\bk All arguments in the form of assignment statements are
- placed in the environment for a command, not just those
+ -\b-k\bk All arguments in the form of assignment statements are
+ placed in the environment for a command, not just those
that precede the command name.
- -\b-m\bm Monitor mode. Job control is enabled. This option is
- on by default for interactive shells on systems that
- support it (see J\bJO\bOB\bB C\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL above). Background pro-
- cesses run in a separate process group and a line con-
- taining their exit status is printed upon their comple-
- tion.
+ -\b-m\bm Monitor mode. Job control is enabled. This option is
+ on by default for interactive shells on systems that
+ support it (see J\bJO\bOB\bB C\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL above). All processes run
+ in a separate process group. When a background job com-
+ pletes, the shell prints a line containing its exit sta-
+ tus.
-\b-n\bn Read commands but do not execute them. This may be used
- to check a shell script for syntax errors. This is
+ to check a shell script for syntax errors. This is
ignored by interactive shells.
-\b-o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
The _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be can be one of the following:
Same as -\b-a\ba.
b\bbr\bra\bac\bce\bee\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd
Same as -\b-B\bB.
- e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs Use an emacs-style command line editing inter-
+ e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs Use an emacs-style command line editing inter-
face. This is enabled by default when the shell
is interactive, unless the shell is started with
- the -\b--\b-n\bno\boe\bed\bdi\bit\bti\bin\bng\bg option. This also affects the
+ the -\b--\b-n\bno\boe\bed\bdi\bit\bti\bin\bng\bg option. This also affects the
editing interface used for r\bre\bea\bad\bd -\b-e\be.
e\ber\brr\bre\bex\bxi\bit\bt Same as -\b-e\be.
e\ber\brr\brt\btr\bra\bac\bce\be
H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY. This option is on by default in inter-
active shells.
i\big\bgn\bno\bor\bre\bee\beo\bof\bf
- The effect is as if the shell command
- ``IGNOREEOF=10'' had been executed (see S\bSh\bhe\bel\bll\bl
+ The effect is as if the shell command
+ ``IGNOREEOF=10'' had been executed (see S\bSh\bhe\bel\bll\bl
V\bVa\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\bes\bs above).
k\bke\bey\byw\bwo\bor\brd\bd Same as -\b-k\bk.
m\bmo\bon\bni\bit\bto\bor\br Same as -\b-m\bm.
p\bph\bhy\bys\bsi\bic\bca\bal\bl
Same as -\b-P\bP.
p\bpi\bip\bpe\bef\bfa\bai\bil\bl
- If set, the return value of a pipeline is the
- value of the last (rightmost) command to exit
- with a non-zero status, or zero if all commands
- in the pipeline exit successfully. This option
+ If set, the return value of a pipeline is the
+ value of the last (rightmost) command to exit
+ with a non-zero status, or zero if all commands
+ in the pipeline exit successfully. This option
is disabled by default.
- p\bpo\bos\bsi\bix\bx Change the behavior of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh where the default
- operation differs from the POSIX standard to
+ p\bpo\bos\bsi\bix\bx Change the behavior of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh where the default
+ operation differs from the POSIX standard to
match the standard (_\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be).
p\bpr\bri\biv\bvi\bil\ble\beg\bge\bed\bd
Same as -\b-p\bp.
v\bve\ber\brb\bbo\bos\bse\be Same as -\b-v\bv.
- v\bvi\bi Use a vi-style command line editing interface.
+ v\bvi\bi Use a vi-style command line editing interface.
This also affects the editing interface used for
r\bre\bea\bad\bd -\b-e\be.
x\bxt\btr\bra\bac\bce\be Same as -\b-x\bx.
If -\b-o\bo is supplied with no _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, the values of the
- current options are printed. If +\b+o\bo is supplied with no
- _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, a series of s\bse\bet\bt commands to recreate the
- current option settings is displayed on the standard
+ current options are printed. If +\b+o\bo is supplied with no
+ _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, a series of s\bse\bet\bt commands to recreate the
+ current option settings is displayed on the standard
output.
- -\b-p\bp Turn on _\bp_\br_\bi_\bv_\bi_\bl_\be_\bg_\be_\bd mode. In this mode, the $\b$E\bEN\bNV\bV and
- $\b$B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_E\bEN\bNV\bV files are not processed, shell functions are
- not inherited from the environment, and the S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bLO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS,
- B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bHO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS, C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH, and G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE variables, if they
+ -\b-p\bp Turn on _\bp_\br_\bi_\bv_\bi_\bl_\be_\bg_\be_\bd mode. In this mode, the $\b$E\bEN\bNV\bV and
+ $\b$B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_E\bEN\bNV\bV files are not processed, shell functions are
+ not inherited from the environment, and the S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bLO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS,
+ B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bHO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS, C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH, and G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE variables, if they
appear in the environment, are ignored. If the shell is
- started with the effective user (group) id not equal to
- the real user (group) id, and the -\b-p\bp option is not sup-
+ started with the effective user (group) id not equal to
+ the real user (group) id, and the -\b-p\bp option is not sup-
plied, these actions are taken and the effective user id
- is set to the real user id. If the -\b-p\bp option is sup-
- plied at startup, the effective user id is not reset.
- Turning this option off causes the effective user and
+ is set to the real user id. If the -\b-p\bp option is sup-
+ plied at startup, the effective user id is not reset.
+ Turning this option off causes the effective user and
group ids to be set to the real user and group ids.
-\b-t\bt Exit after reading and executing one command.
-\b-u\bu Treat unset variables and parameters other than the spe-
- cial parameters "@" and "*" as an error when performing
- parameter expansion. If expansion is attempted on an
- unset variable or parameter, the shell prints an error
- message, and, if not interactive, exits with a non-zero
+ cial parameters "@" and "*" as an error when performing
+ parameter expansion. If expansion is attempted on an
+ unset variable or parameter, the shell prints an error
+ message, and, if not interactive, exits with a non-zero
status.
-\b-v\bv Print shell input lines as they are read.
- -\b-x\bx After expanding each _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd, f\bfo\bor\br command, c\bca\bas\bse\be
+ -\b-x\bx After expanding each _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd, f\bfo\bor\br command, c\bca\bas\bse\be
command, s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt command, or arithmetic f\bfo\bor\br command, dis-
- play the expanded value of P\bPS\bS4\b4, followed by the command
+ play the expanded value of P\bPS\bS4\b4, followed by the command
and its expanded arguments or associated word list.
- -\b-B\bB The shell performs brace expansion (see B\bBr\bra\bac\bce\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn
+ -\b-B\bB The shell performs brace expansion (see B\bBr\bra\bac\bce\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn
above). This is on by default.
- -\b-C\bC If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh does not overwrite an existing file with
- the >\b>, >\b>&\b&, and <\b<>\b> redirection operators. This may be
+ -\b-C\bC If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh does not overwrite an existing file with
+ the >\b>, >\b>&\b&, and <\b<>\b> redirection operators. This may be
overridden when creating output files by using the redi-
rection operator >\b>|\b| instead of >\b>.
-\b-E\bE If set, any trap on E\bER\bRR\bR is inherited by shell functions,
- command substitutions, and commands executed in a sub-
- shell environment. The E\bER\bRR\bR trap is normally not inher-
+ command substitutions, and commands executed in a sub-
+ shell environment. The E\bER\bRR\bR trap is normally not inher-
ited in such cases.
-\b-H\bH Enable !\b! style history substitution. This option is on
by default when the shell is interactive.
- -\b-P\bP If set, the shell does not follow symbolic links when
- executing commands such as c\bcd\bd that change the current
+ -\b-P\bP If set, the shell does not follow symbolic links when
+ executing commands such as c\bcd\bd that change the current
working directory. It uses the physical directory
structure instead. By default, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh follows the logical
- chain of directories when performing commands which
+ chain of directories when performing commands which
change the current directory.
- -\b-T\bT If set, any traps on D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN are inherited by
- shell functions, command substitutions, and commands
- executed in a subshell environment. The D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and
+ -\b-T\bT If set, any traps on D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN are inherited by
+ shell functions, command substitutions, and commands
+ executed in a subshell environment. The D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and
R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN traps are normally not inherited in such cases.
- -\b--\b- If no arguments follow this option, then the positional
+ -\b--\b- If no arguments follow this option, then the positional
parameters are unset. Otherwise, the positional parame-
- ters are set to the _\ba_\br_\bgs, even if some of them begin
+ ters are set to the _\ba_\br_\bgs, even if some of them begin
with a -\b-.
- -\b- Signal the end of options, cause all remaining _\ba_\br_\bgs to
+ -\b- Signal the end of options, cause all remaining _\ba_\br_\bgs to
be assigned to the positional parameters. The -\b-x\bx and -\b-v\bv
options are turned off. If there are no _\ba_\br_\bgs, the posi-
tional parameters remain unchanged.
- The options are off by default unless otherwise noted. Using +
- rather than - causes these options to be turned off. The
- options can also be specified as arguments to an invocation of
- the shell. The current set of options may be found in $\b$-\b-. The
+ The options are off by default unless otherwise noted. Using +
+ rather than - causes these options to be turned off. The
+ options can also be specified as arguments to an invocation of
+ the shell. The current set of options may be found in $\b$-\b-. The
return status is always true unless an invalid option is encoun-
tered.
s\bsh\bhi\bif\bft\bt [_\bn]
- The positional parameters from _\bn+1 ... are renamed to $\b$1\b1 .\b..\b..\b..\b.
- Parameters represented by the numbers $\b$#\b# down to $\b$#\b#-_\bn+1 are
- unset. _\bn must be a non-negative number less than or equal to
- $\b$#\b#. If _\bn is 0, no parameters are changed. If _\bn is not given,
- it is assumed to be 1. If _\bn is greater than $\b$#\b#, the positional
- parameters are not changed. The return status is greater than
+ The positional parameters from _\bn+1 ... are renamed to $\b$1\b1 .\b..\b..\b..\b.
+ Parameters represented by the numbers $\b$#\b# down to $\b$#\b#-_\bn+1 are
+ unset. _\bn must be a non-negative number less than or equal to
+ $\b$#\b#. If _\bn is 0, no parameters are changed. If _\bn is not given,
+ it is assumed to be 1. If _\bn is greater than $\b$#\b#, the positional
+ parameters are not changed. The return status is greater than
zero if _\bn is greater than $\b$#\b# or less than zero; otherwise 0.
s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt [-\b-p\bpq\bqs\bsu\bu] [-\b-o\bo] [_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
Toggle the values of variables controlling optional shell behav-
ior. With no options, or with the -\b-p\bp option, a list of all set-
table options is displayed, with an indication of whether or not
- each is set. The -\b-p\bp option causes output to be displayed in a
- form that may be reused as input. Other options have the fol-
+ each is set. The -\b-p\bp option causes output to be displayed in a
+ form that may be reused as input. Other options have the fol-
lowing meanings:
-\b-s\bs Enable (set) each _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.
-\b-u\bu Disable (unset) each _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.
- -\b-q\bq Suppresses normal output (quiet mode); the return status
+ -\b-q\bq Suppresses normal output (quiet mode); the return status
indicates whether the _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is set or unset. If multi-
- ple _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given with -\b-q\bq, the return sta-
- tus is zero if all _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are enabled; non-zero other-
+ ple _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given with -\b-q\bq, the return sta-
+ tus is zero if all _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are enabled; non-zero other-
wise.
- -\b-o\bo Restricts the values of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be to be those defined for
+ -\b-o\bo Restricts the values of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be to be those defined for
the -\b-o\bo option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin.
- If either -\b-s\bs or -\b-u\bu is used with no _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments, the dis-
+ If either -\b-s\bs or -\b-u\bu is used with no _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments, the dis-
play is limited to those options which are set or unset, respec-
- tively. Unless otherwise noted, the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt options are disabled
+ tively. Unless otherwise noted, the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt options are disabled
(unset) by default.
- The return status when listing options is zero if all _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs
- are enabled, non-zero otherwise. When setting or unsetting
- options, the return status is zero unless an _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a
+ The return status when listing options is zero if all _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs
+ are enabled, non-zero otherwise. When setting or unsetting
+ options, the return status is zero unless an _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a
valid shell option.
The list of s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt options is:
- a\bau\but\bto\boc\bcd\bd If set, a command name that is the name of a directory
- is executed as if it were the argument to the c\bcd\bd com-
+ a\bau\but\bto\boc\bcd\bd If set, a command name that is the name of a directory
+ is executed as if it were the argument to the c\bcd\bd com-
mand. This option is only used by interactive shells.
c\bcd\bda\bab\bbl\ble\be_\b_v\bva\bar\brs\bs
- If set, an argument to the c\bcd\bd builtin command that is
- not a directory is assumed to be the name of a variable
+ If set, an argument to the c\bcd\bd builtin command that is
+ not a directory is assumed to be the name of a variable
whose value is the directory to change to.
c\bcd\bds\bsp\bpe\bel\bll\bl If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory com-
- ponent in a c\bcd\bd command will be corrected. The errors
+ ponent in a c\bcd\bd command will be corrected. The errors
checked for are transposed characters, a missing charac-
- ter, and one character too many. If a correction is
- found, the corrected file name is printed, and the com-
- mand proceeds. This option is only used by interactive
+ ter, and one character too many. If a correction is
+ found, the corrected file name is printed, and the com-
+ mand proceeds. This option is only used by interactive
shells.
c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bkh\bha\bas\bsh\bh
If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh checks that a command found in the hash ta-
- ble exists before trying to execute it. If a hashed
- command no longer exists, a normal path search is per-
+ ble exists before trying to execute it. If a hashed
+ command no longer exists, a normal path search is per-
formed.
c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bkj\bjo\bob\bbs\bs
If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh lists the status of any stopped and running
- jobs before exiting an interactive shell. If any jobs
+ jobs before exiting an interactive shell. If any jobs
are running, this causes the exit to be deferred until a
- second exit is attempted without an intervening command
- (see J\bJO\bOB\bB C\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL above). The shell always postpones
+ second exit is attempted without an intervening command
+ (see J\bJO\bOB\bB C\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL above). The shell always postpones
exiting if any jobs are stopped.
c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bkw\bwi\bin\bns\bsi\biz\bze\be
- If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh checks the window size after each command
- and, if necessary, updates the values of L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bES\bS and C\bCO\bOL\bL-\b-
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh checks the window size after each command
+ and, if necessary, updates the values of L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bES\bS and C\bCO\bOL\bL-\b-
U\bUM\bMN\bNS\bS.
- c\bcm\bmd\bdh\bhi\bis\bst\bt If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts to save all lines of a multiple-
- line command in the same history entry. This allows
+ c\bcm\bmd\bdh\bhi\bis\bst\bt If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts to save all lines of a multiple-
+ line command in the same history entry. This allows
easy re-editing of multi-line commands.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt3\b31\b1
If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh changes its behavior to that of version 3.1
- with respect to quoted arguments to the [\b[[\b[ conditional
+ with respect to quoted arguments to the [\b[[\b[ conditional
command's =\b=~\b~ operator.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt3\b32\b2
If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh changes its behavior to that of version 3.2
- with respect to locale-specific string comparison when
- using the [\b[[\b[ conditional command's <\b< and >\b> operators.
- Bash versions prior to bash-4.1 use ASCII collation and
- _\bs_\bt_\br_\bc_\bm_\bp(3); bash-4.1 and later use the current locale's
+ with respect to locale-specific string comparison when
+ using the [\b[[\b[ conditional command's <\b< and >\b> operators.
+ Bash versions prior to bash-4.1 use ASCII collation and
+ _\bs_\bt_\br_\bc_\bm_\bp(3); bash-4.1 and later use the current locale's
collation sequence and _\bs_\bt_\br_\bc_\bo_\bl_\bl(3).
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt4\b40\b0
If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh changes its behavior to that of version 4.0
- with respect to locale-specific string comparison when
- using the [\b[[\b[ conditional command's <\b< and >\b> operators
- (see previous item) and the effect of interrupting a
+ with respect to locale-specific string comparison when
+ using the [\b[[\b[ conditional command's <\b< and >\b> operators
+ (see previous item) and the effect of interrupting a
command list.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt4\b41\b1
- If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh, when in posix mode, treats a single quote
- in a double-quoted parameter expansion as a special
- character. The single quotes must match (an even num-
- ber) and the characters between the single quotes are
- considered quoted. This is the behavior of posix mode
- through version 4.1. The default bash behavior remains
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh, when in posix mode, treats a single quote
+ in a double-quoted parameter expansion as a special
+ character. The single quotes must match (an even num-
+ ber) and the characters between the single quotes are
+ considered quoted. This is the behavior of posix mode
+ through version 4.1. The default bash behavior remains
as in previous versions.
+ d\bdi\bir\bre\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh replaces directory names with the results
+ of word expansion when performing filename completion.
+ This changes the contents of the readline editing
+ buffer. If not set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts to preserve what the
+ user typed.
d\bdi\bir\brs\bsp\bpe\bel\bll\bl
- If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts spelling correction on directory
- names during word completion if the directory name ini-
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts spelling correction on directory
+ names during word completion if the directory name ini-
tially supplied does not exist.
- d\bdo\bot\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh includes filenames beginning with a `.' in
+ d\bdo\bot\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh includes filenames beginning with a `.' in
the results of pathname expansion.
e\bex\bxe\bec\bcf\bfa\bai\bil\bl
If set, a non-interactive shell will not exit if it can-
- not execute the file specified as an argument to the
- e\bex\bxe\bec\bc builtin command. An interactive shell does not
+ not execute the file specified as an argument to the
+ e\bex\bxe\bec\bc builtin command. An interactive shell does not
exit if e\bex\bxe\bec\bc fails.
e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd_\b_a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bse\bes\bs
- If set, aliases are expanded as described above under
+ If set, aliases are expanded as described above under
A\bAL\bLI\bIA\bAS\bSE\bES\bS. This option is enabled by default for interac-
tive shells.
e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg
- If set, behavior intended for use by debuggers is
+ If set, behavior intended for use by debuggers is
enabled:
1\b1.\b. The -\b-F\bF option to the d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be builtin displays the
source file name and line number corresponding to
each function name supplied as an argument.
- 2\b2.\b. If the command run by the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap returns a
- non-zero value, the next command is skipped and
+ 2\b2.\b. If the command run by the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap returns a
+ non-zero value, the next command is skipped and
not executed.
- 3\b3.\b. If the command run by the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap returns a
- value of 2, and the shell is executing in a sub-
- routine (a shell function or a shell script exe-
- cuted by the .\b. or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be builtins), a call to
+ 3\b3.\b. If the command run by the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap returns a
+ value of 2, and the shell is executing in a sub-
+ routine (a shell function or a shell script exe-
+ cuted by the .\b. or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be builtins), a call to
r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn is simulated.
- 4\b4.\b. B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGC\bC and B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGV\bV are updated as described
+ 4\b4.\b. B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGC\bC and B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGV\bV are updated as described
in their descriptions above.
- 5\b5.\b. Function tracing is enabled: command substitu-
+ 5\b5.\b. Function tracing is enabled: command substitu-
tion, shell functions, and subshells invoked with
(\b( _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd )\b) inherit the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN traps.
- 6\b6.\b. Error tracing is enabled: command substitution,
- shell functions, and subshells invoked with (\b(
+ 6\b6.\b. Error tracing is enabled: command substitution,
+ shell functions, and subshells invoked with (\b(
_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd )\b) inherit the E\bER\bRR\bR trap.
e\bex\bxt\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb If set, the extended pattern matching features described
above under P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn are enabled.
e\bex\bxt\btq\bqu\buo\bot\bte\be
- If set, $\b$'_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg' and $\b$"_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg" quoting is performed
- within $\b${\b{_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br}\b} expansions enclosed in double
+ If set, $\b$'_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg' and $\b$"_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg" quoting is performed
+ within $\b${\b{_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br}\b} expansions enclosed in double
quotes. This option is enabled by default.
f\bfa\bai\bil\blg\bgl\blo\bob\bb
- If set, patterns which fail to match filenames during
+ If set, patterns which fail to match filenames during
pathname expansion result in an expansion error.
f\bfo\bor\brc\bce\be_\b_f\bfi\big\bgn\bno\bor\bre\be
- If set, the suffixes specified by the F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE shell
- variable cause words to be ignored when performing word
+ If set, the suffixes specified by the F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE shell
+ variable cause words to be ignored when performing word
completion even if the ignored words are the only possi-
ble completions. See S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL V\bVA\bAR\bRI\bIA\bAB\bBL\bLE\bES\bS above for a
- description of F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE. This option is enabled by
+ description of F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE. This option is enabled by
default.
+ g\bgl\blo\bob\bba\bas\bsc\bci\bii\bir\bra\ban\bng\bge\bes\bs
+ If set, range expressions used in pattern matching (see
+ P\bPa\bat\btt\bte\ber\brn\bn M\bMa\bat\btc\bch\bhi\bin\bng\bg above) behave as if in the traditional
+ C locale when performing comparisons. That is, the cur-
+ rent locale's collating sequence is not taken into
+ account, so b\bb will not collate between A\bA and B\bB, and
+ upper-case and lower-case ASCII characters will collate
+ together.
g\bgl\blo\bob\bbs\bst\bta\bar\br
If set, the pattern *\b**\b* used in a pathname expansion con-
- text will match all files and zero or more directories
- and subdirectories. If the pattern is followed by a /\b/,
+ text will match all files and zero or more directories
+ and subdirectories. If the pattern is followed by a /\b/,
only directories and subdirectories match.
g\bgn\bnu\bu_\b_e\ber\brr\brf\bfm\bmt\bt
If set, shell error messages are written in the standard
GNU error message format.
h\bhi\bis\bst\bta\bap\bpp\bpe\ben\bnd\bd
- If set, the history list is appended to the file named
- by the value of the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE variable when the shell
+ If set, the history list is appended to the file named
+ by the value of the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE variable when the shell
exits, rather than overwriting the file.
h\bhi\bis\bst\btr\bre\bee\bed\bdi\bit\bt
- If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, a user is given the
+ If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, a user is given the
opportunity to re-edit a failed history substitution.
h\bhi\bis\bst\btv\bve\ber\bri\bif\bfy\by
- If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, the results of his-
- tory substitution are not immediately passed to the
- shell parser. Instead, the resulting line is loaded
+ If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, the results of his-
+ tory substitution are not immediately passed to the
+ shell parser. Instead, the resulting line is loaded
into the r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be editing buffer, allowing further modi-
fication.
h\bho\bos\bst\btc\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be
If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh will attempt to
- perform hostname completion when a word containing a @\b@
- is being completed (see C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bin\bng\bg under R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE
+ perform hostname completion when a word containing a @\b@
+ is being completed (see C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bin\bng\bg under R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE
above). This is enabled by default.
h\bhu\bup\bpo\bon\bne\bex\bxi\bit\bt
If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh will send S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP to all jobs when an inter-
active login shell exits.
i\bin\bnt\bte\ber\bra\bac\bct\bti\biv\bve\be_\b_c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bts\bs
If set, allow a word beginning with #\b# to cause that word
- and all remaining characters on that line to be ignored
- in an interactive shell (see C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bME\bEN\bNT\bTS\bS above). This
+ and all remaining characters on that line to be ignored
+ in an interactive shell (see C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bME\bEN\bNT\bTS\bS above). This
option is enabled by default.
l\bla\bas\bst\btp\bpi\bip\bpe\be
- If set, and job control is not active, the shell runs
+ If set, and job control is not active, the shell runs
the last command of a pipeline not executed in the back-
ground in the current shell environment.
- l\bli\bit\bth\bhi\bis\bst\bt If set, and the c\bcm\bmd\bdh\bhi\bis\bst\bt option is enabled, multi-line
+ l\bli\bit\bth\bhi\bis\bst\bt If set, and the c\bcm\bmd\bdh\bhi\bis\bst\bt option is enabled, multi-line
commands are saved to the history with embedded newlines
rather than using semicolon separators where possible.
l\blo\bog\bgi\bin\bn_\b_s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl
- The shell sets this option if it is started as a login
- shell (see I\bIN\bNV\bVO\bOC\bCA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN above). The value may not be
+ The shell sets this option if it is started as a login
+ shell (see I\bIN\bNV\bVO\bOC\bCA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN above). The value may not be
changed.
m\bma\bai\bil\blw\bwa\bar\brn\bn
- If set, and a file that b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is checking for mail has
- been accessed since the last time it was checked, the
- message ``The mail in _\bm_\ba_\bi_\bl_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be has been read'' is dis-
+ If set, and a file that b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is checking for mail has
+ been accessed since the last time it was checked, the
+ message ``The mail in _\bm_\ba_\bi_\bl_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be has been read'' is dis-
played.
n\bno\bo_\b_e\bem\bmp\bpt\bty\by_\b_c\bcm\bmd\bd_\b_c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn
- If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh will not
+ If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh will not
attempt to search the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH for possible completions when
completion is attempted on an empty line.
n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\beg\bgl\blo\bob\bb
- If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh matches filenames in a case-insensitive
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh matches filenames in a case-insensitive
fashion when performing pathname expansion (see P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be
E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn above).
n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\bem\bma\bat\btc\bch\bh
- If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh matches patterns in a case-insensitive
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh matches patterns in a case-insensitive
fashion when performing matching while executing c\bca\bas\bse\be or
[\b[[\b[ conditional commands.
n\bnu\bul\bll\blg\bgl\blo\bob\bb
- If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh allows patterns which match no files (see
- P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn above) to expand to a null string,
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh allows patterns which match no files (see
+ P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn above) to expand to a null string,
rather than themselves.
p\bpr\bro\bog\bgc\bco\bom\bmp\bp
If set, the programmable completion facilities (see P\bPr\bro\bo-\b-
enabled by default.
p\bpr\bro\bom\bmp\bpt\btv\bva\bar\brs\bs
If set, prompt strings undergo parameter expansion, com-
- mand substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote
- removal after being expanded as described in P\bPR\bRO\bOM\bMP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bNG\bG
+ mand substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote
+ removal after being expanded as described in P\bPR\bRO\bOM\bMP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bNG\bG
above. This option is enabled by default.
r\bre\bes\bst\btr\bri\bic\bct\bte\bed\bd_\b_s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl
- The shell sets this option if it is started in
+ The shell sets this option if it is started in
restricted mode (see R\bRE\bES\bST\bTR\bRI\bIC\bCT\bTE\bED\bD S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL below). The value
- may not be changed. This is not reset when the startup
- files are executed, allowing the startup files to dis-
+ may not be changed. This is not reset when the startup
+ files are executed, allowing the startup files to dis-
cover whether or not a shell is restricted.
s\bsh\bhi\bif\bft\bt_\b_v\bve\ber\brb\bbo\bos\bse\be
- If set, the s\bsh\bhi\bif\bft\bt builtin prints an error message when
+ If set, the s\bsh\bhi\bif\bft\bt builtin prints an error message when
the shift count exceeds the number of positional parame-
ters.
s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\bep\bpa\bat\bth\bh
If set, the s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be (.\b.) builtin uses the value of P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH to
- find the directory containing the file supplied as an
+ find the directory containing the file supplied as an
argument. This option is enabled by default.
x\bxp\bpg\bg_\b_e\bec\bch\bho\bo
- If set, the e\bec\bch\bho\bo builtin expands backslash-escape
+ If set, the e\bec\bch\bho\bo builtin expands backslash-escape
sequences by default.
s\bsu\bus\bsp\bpe\ben\bnd\bd [-\b-f\bf]
- Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a S\bSI\bIG\bGC\bCO\bON\bNT\bT
+ Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a S\bSI\bIG\bGC\bCO\bON\bNT\bT
signal. A login shell cannot be suspended; the -\b-f\bf option can be
used to override this and force the suspension. The return sta-
- tus is 0 unless the shell is a login shell and -\b-f\bf is not sup-
+ tus is 0 unless the shell is a login shell and -\b-f\bf is not sup-
plied, or if job control is not enabled.
t\bte\bes\bst\bt _\be_\bx_\bp_\br
[\b[ _\be_\bx_\bp_\br ]\b]
- Return a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the
- conditional expression _\be_\bx_\bp_\br. Each operator and operand must be
- a separate argument. Expressions are composed of the primaries
- described above under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS. t\bte\bes\bst\bt does not
+ Return a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the
+ conditional expression _\be_\bx_\bp_\br. Each operator and operand must be
+ a separate argument. Expressions are composed of the primaries
+ described above under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS. t\bte\bes\bst\bt does not
accept any options, nor does it accept and ignore an argument of
-\b--\b- as signifying the end of options.
- Expressions may be combined using the following operators,
+ Expressions may be combined using the following operators,
listed in decreasing order of precedence. The evaluation
- depends on the number of arguments; see below. Operator prece-
+ depends on the number of arguments; see below. Operator prece-
dence is used when there are five or more arguments.
!\b! _\be_\bx_\bp_\br True if _\be_\bx_\bp_\br is false.
(\b( _\be_\bx_\bp_\br )\b)
- Returns the value of _\be_\bx_\bp_\br. This may be used to override
+ Returns the value of _\be_\bx_\bp_\br. This may be used to override
the normal precedence of operators.
_\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b1 -a\ba _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b2
True if both _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b1 and _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b2 are true.
null.
2 arguments
If the first argument is !\b!, the expression is true if and
- only if the second argument is null. If the first argu-
- ment is one of the unary conditional operators listed
- above under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS, the expression is
+ only if the second argument is null. If the first argu-
+ ment is one of the unary conditional operators listed
+ above under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS, the expression is
true if the unary test is true. If the first argument is
not a valid unary conditional operator, the expression is
false.
3 arguments
The following conditions are applied in the order listed.
- If the second argument is one of the binary conditional
+ If the second argument is one of the binary conditional
operators listed above under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS, the
result of the expression is the result of the binary test
- using the first and third arguments as operands. The -\b-a\ba
- and -\b-o\bo operators are considered binary operators when
- there are three arguments. If the first argument is !\b!,
- the value is the negation of the two-argument test using
+ using the first and third arguments as operands. The -\b-a\ba
+ and -\b-o\bo operators are considered binary operators when
+ there are three arguments. If the first argument is !\b!,
+ the value is the negation of the two-argument test using
the second and third arguments. If the first argument is
exactly (\b( and the third argument is exactly )\b), the result
- is the one-argument test of the second argument. Other-
+ is the one-argument test of the second argument. Other-
wise, the expression is false.
4 arguments
If the first argument is !\b!, the result is the negation of
- the three-argument expression composed of the remaining
+ the three-argument expression composed of the remaining
arguments. Otherwise, the expression is parsed and eval-
- uated according to precedence using the rules listed
+ uated according to precedence using the rules listed
above.
5 or more arguments
- The expression is parsed and evaluated according to
+ The expression is parsed and evaluated according to
precedence using the rules listed above.
- When used with t\bte\bes\bst\bt or [\b[, the <\b< and >\b> operators sort lexico-
+ When used with t\bte\bes\bst\bt or [\b[, the <\b< and >\b> operators sort lexico-
graphically using ASCII ordering.
- t\bti\bim\bme\bes\bs Print the accumulated user and system times for the shell and
+ t\bti\bim\bme\bes\bs Print the accumulated user and system times for the shell and
for processes run from the shell. The return status is 0.
t\btr\bra\bap\bp [-\b-l\blp\bp] [[_\ba_\br_\bg] _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc ...]
- The command _\ba_\br_\bg is to be read and executed when the shell
- receives signal(s) _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc. If _\ba_\br_\bg is absent (and there is a
- single _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc) or -\b-, each specified signal is reset to its
- original disposition (the value it had upon entrance to the
- shell). If _\ba_\br_\bg is the null string the signal specified by each
- _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is ignored by the shell and by the commands it invokes.
- If _\ba_\br_\bg is not present and -\b-p\bp has been supplied, then the trap
- commands associated with each _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc are displayed. If no
- arguments are supplied or if only -\b-p\bp is given, t\btr\bra\bap\bp prints the
- list of commands associated with each signal. The -\b-l\bl option
- causes the shell to print a list of signal names and their cor-
- responding numbers. Each _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is either a signal name
- defined in <_\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\ba_\bl_\b._\bh>, or a signal number. Signal names are
+ The command _\ba_\br_\bg is to be read and executed when the shell
+ receives signal(s) _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc. If _\ba_\br_\bg is absent (and there is a
+ single _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc) or -\b-, each specified signal is reset to its
+ original disposition (the value it had upon entrance to the
+ shell). If _\ba_\br_\bg is the null string the signal specified by each
+ _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is ignored by the shell and by the commands it invokes.
+ If _\ba_\br_\bg is not present and -\b-p\bp has been supplied, then the trap
+ commands associated with each _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc are displayed. If no
+ arguments are supplied or if only -\b-p\bp is given, t\btr\bra\bap\bp prints the
+ list of commands associated with each signal. The -\b-l\bl option
+ causes the shell to print a list of signal names and their cor-
+ responding numbers. Each _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is either a signal name
+ defined in <_\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\ba_\bl_\b._\bh>, or a signal number. Signal names are
case insensitive and the S\bSI\bIG\bG prefix is optional.
- If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is E\bEX\bXI\bIT\bT (0) the command _\ba_\br_\bg is executed on exit
- from the shell. If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG, the command _\ba_\br_\bg is exe-
- cuted before every _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd, _\bf_\bo_\br command, _\bc_\ba_\bs_\be command,
- _\bs_\be_\bl_\be_\bc_\bt command, every arithmetic _\bf_\bo_\br command, and before the
- first command executes in a shell function (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR
- above). Refer to the description of the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg option to the
+ If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is E\bEX\bXI\bIT\bT (0) the command _\ba_\br_\bg is executed on exit
+ from the shell. If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG, the command _\ba_\br_\bg is exe-
+ cuted before every _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd, _\bf_\bo_\br command, _\bc_\ba_\bs_\be command,
+ _\bs_\be_\bl_\be_\bc_\bt command, every arithmetic _\bf_\bo_\br command, and before the
+ first command executes in a shell function (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR
+ above). Refer to the description of the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg option to the
s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin for details of its effect on the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap. If a
_\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN, the command _\ba_\br_\bg is executed each time a shell
function or a script executed with the .\b. or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be builtins fin-
If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is E\bER\bRR\bR, the command _\ba_\br_\bg is executed whenever a sim-
ple command has a non-zero exit status, subject to the following
- conditions. The E\bER\bRR\bR trap is not executed if the failed command
- is part of the command list immediately following a w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be or
- u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl keyword, part of the test in an _\bi_\bf statement, part of a
- command executed in a &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b| list, or if the command's return
- value is being inverted via !\b!. These are the same conditions
+ conditions. The E\bER\bRR\bR trap is not executed if the failed command
+ is part of the command list immediately following a w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be or
+ u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl keyword, part of the test in an _\bi_\bf statement, part of a
+ command executed in a &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b| list, or if the command's return
+ value is being inverted via !\b!. These are the same conditions
obeyed by the e\ber\brr\bre\bex\bxi\bit\bt option.
- Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or
- reset. Trapped signals that are not being ignored are reset to
+ Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or
+ reset. Trapped signals that are not being ignored are reset to
their original values in a subshell or subshell environment when
- one is created. The return status is false if any _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is
+ one is created. The return status is false if any _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is
invalid; otherwise t\btr\bra\bap\bp returns true.
t\bty\byp\bpe\be [-\b-a\baf\bft\btp\bpP\bP] _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- With no options, indicate how each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be would be interpreted if
+ With no options, indicate how each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be would be interpreted if
used as a command name. If the -\b-t\bt option is used, t\bty\byp\bpe\be prints a
- string which is one of _\ba_\bl_\bi_\ba_\bs, _\bk_\be_\by_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn, _\bb_\bu_\bi_\bl_\bt_\bi_\bn, or
- _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be if _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is an alias, shell reserved word, function,
- builtin, or disk file, respectively. If the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not found,
- then nothing is printed, and an exit status of false is
- returned. If the -\b-p\bp option is used, t\bty\byp\bpe\be either returns the
+ string which is one of _\ba_\bl_\bi_\ba_\bs, _\bk_\be_\by_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn, _\bb_\bu_\bi_\bl_\bt_\bi_\bn, or
+ _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be if _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is an alias, shell reserved word, function,
+ builtin, or disk file, respectively. If the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not found,
+ then nothing is printed, and an exit status of false is
+ returned. If the -\b-p\bp option is used, t\bty\byp\bpe\be either returns the
name of the disk file that would be executed if _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be were speci-
fied as a command name, or nothing if ``type -t name'' would not
- return _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be. The -\b-P\bP option forces a P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH search for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be,
+ return _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be. The -\b-P\bP option forces a P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH search for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be,
even if ``type -t name'' would not return _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be. If a command is
- hashed, -\b-p\bp and -\b-P\bP print the hashed value, not necessarily the
+ hashed, -\b-p\bp and -\b-P\bP print the hashed value, not necessarily the
file that appears first in P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH. If the -\b-a\ba option is used, t\bty\byp\bpe\be
- prints all of the places that contain an executable named _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.
- This includes aliases and functions, if and only if the -\b-p\bp
- option is not also used. The table of hashed commands is not
- consulted when using -\b-a\ba. The -\b-f\bf option suppresses shell func-
- tion lookup, as with the c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd builtin. t\bty\byp\bpe\be returns true if
+ prints all of the places that contain an executable named _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.
+ This includes aliases and functions, if and only if the -\b-p\bp
+ option is not also used. The table of hashed commands is not
+ consulted when using -\b-a\ba. The -\b-f\bf option suppresses shell func-
+ tion lookup, as with the c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd builtin. t\bty\byp\bpe\be returns true if
all of the arguments are found, false if any are not found.
u\bul\bli\bim\bmi\bit\bt [-\b-H\bHS\bST\bTa\bab\bbc\bcd\bde\bef\bfi\bil\blm\bmn\bnp\bpq\bqr\brs\bst\btu\buv\bvx\bx [_\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt]]
- Provides control over the resources available to the shell and
- to processes started by it, on systems that allow such control.
+ Provides control over the resources available to the shell and
+ to processes started by it, on systems that allow such control.
The -\b-H\bH and -\b-S\bS options specify that the hard or soft limit is set
- for the given resource. A hard limit cannot be increased by a
- non-root user once it is set; a soft limit may be increased up
- to the value of the hard limit. If neither -\b-H\bH nor -\b-S\bS is speci-
+ for the given resource. A hard limit cannot be increased by a
+ non-root user once it is set; a soft limit may be increased up
+ to the value of the hard limit. If neither -\b-H\bH nor -\b-S\bS is speci-
fied, both the soft and hard limits are set. The value of _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt
can be a number in the unit specified for the resource or one of
the special values h\bha\bar\brd\bd, s\bso\bof\bft\bt, or u\bun\bnl\bli\bim\bmi\bit\bte\bed\bd, which stand for the
- current hard limit, the current soft limit, and no limit,
- respectively. If _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt is omitted, the current value of the
- soft limit of the resource is printed, unless the -\b-H\bH option is
+ current hard limit, the current soft limit, and no limit,
+ respectively. If _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt is omitted, the current value of the
+ soft limit of the resource is printed, unless the -\b-H\bH option is
given. When more than one resource is specified, the limit name
and unit are printed before the value. Other options are inter-
preted as follows:
-\b-c\bc The maximum size of core files created
-\b-d\bd The maximum size of a process's data segment
-\b-e\be The maximum scheduling priority ("nice")
- -\b-f\bf The maximum size of files written by the shell and its
+ -\b-f\bf The maximum size of files written by the shell and its
children
-\b-i\bi The maximum number of pending signals
-\b-l\bl The maximum size that may be locked into memory
- -\b-m\bm The maximum resident set size (many systems do not honor
+ -\b-m\bm The maximum resident set size (many systems do not honor
this limit)
-\b-n\bn The maximum number of open file descriptors (most systems
do not allow this value to be set)
-\b-r\br The maximum real-time scheduling priority
-\b-s\bs The maximum stack size
-\b-t\bt The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds
- -\b-u\bu The maximum number of processes available to a single
+ -\b-u\bu The maximum number of processes available to a single
user
- -\b-v\bv The maximum amount of virtual memory available to the
+ -\b-v\bv The maximum amount of virtual memory available to the
shell and, on some systems, to its children
-\b-x\bx The maximum number of file locks
-\b-T\bT The maximum number of threads
If _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt is given, it is the new value of the specified resource
(the -\b-a\ba option is display only). If no option is given, then -\b-f\bf
- is assumed. Values are in 1024-byte increments, except for -\b-t\bt,
- which is in seconds, -\b-p\bp, which is in units of 512-byte blocks,
- and -\b-T\bT, -\b-b\bb, -\b-n\bn, and -\b-u\bu, which are unscaled values. The return
+ is assumed. Values are in 1024-byte increments, except for -\b-t\bt,
+ which is in seconds, -\b-p\bp, which is in units of 512-byte blocks,
+ and -\b-T\bT, -\b-b\bb, -\b-n\bn, and -\b-u\bu, which are unscaled values. The return
status is 0 unless an invalid option or argument is supplied, or
an error occurs while setting a new limit.
u\bum\bma\bas\bsk\bk [-\b-p\bp] [-\b-S\bS] [_\bm_\bo_\bd_\be]
The user file-creation mask is set to _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be. If _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be begins with
- a digit, it is interpreted as an octal number; otherwise it is
- interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that accepted by
- _\bc_\bh_\bm_\bo_\bd(1). If _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be is omitted, the current value of the mask is
- printed. The -\b-S\bS option causes the mask to be printed in sym-
- bolic form; the default output is an octal number. If the -\b-p\bp
+ a digit, it is interpreted as an octal number; otherwise it is
+ interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that accepted by
+ _\bc_\bh_\bm_\bo_\bd(1). If _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be is omitted, the current value of the mask is
+ printed. The -\b-S\bS option causes the mask to be printed in sym-
+ bolic form; the default output is an octal number. If the -\b-p\bp
option is supplied, and _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be is omitted, the output is in a form
that may be reused as input. The return status is 0 if the mode
- was successfully changed or if no _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be argument was supplied,
+ was successfully changed or if no _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be argument was supplied,
and false otherwise.
u\bun\bna\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs [-a\ba] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- Remove each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be from the list of defined aliases. If -\b-a\ba is
- supplied, all alias definitions are removed. The return value
+ Remove each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be from the list of defined aliases. If -\b-a\ba is
+ supplied, all alias definitions are removed. The return value
is true unless a supplied _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a defined alias.
u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt [-f\bfv\bv] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- For each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, remove the corresponding variable or function.
- If no options are supplied, or the -\b-v\bv option is given, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
- refers to a shell variable. Read-only variables may not be
- unset. If -\b-f\bf is specified, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be refers to a shell func-
- tion, and the function definition is removed. Each unset vari-
- able or function is removed from the environment passed to sub-
- sequent commands. If any of C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_W\bWO\bOR\bRD\bDB\bBR\bRE\bEA\bAK\bKS\bS, R\bRA\bAN\bND\bDO\bOM\bM, S\bSE\bEC\bCO\bON\bND\bDS\bS,
- L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO, H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCM\bMD\bD, F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE, G\bGR\bRO\bOU\bUP\bPS\bS, or D\bDI\bIR\bRS\bST\bTA\bAC\bCK\bK are unset, they
- lose their special properties, even if they are subsequently
- reset. The exit status is true unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is readonly.
+ For each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, remove the corresponding variable or function.
+ If the -\b-v\bv option is given, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be refers to a shell variable,
+ and that variable is removed. Read-only variables may not be
+ unset. If -\b-f\bf is specified, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be refers to a shell func-
+ tion, and the function definition is removed. If no options are
+ supplied, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be refers to a variable; if there is no vari-
+ able by that name, any function with that name is unset. Each
+ unset variable or function is removed from the environment
+ passed to subsequent commands. If any of C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_W\bWO\bOR\bRD\bDB\bBR\bRE\bEA\bAK\bKS\bS, R\bRA\bAN\bN-\b-
+ D\bDO\bOM\bM, S\bSE\bEC\bCO\bON\bND\bDS\bS, L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO, H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCM\bMD\bD, F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE, G\bGR\bRO\bOU\bUP\bPS\bS, or D\bDI\bIR\bRS\bST\bTA\bAC\bCK\bK are
+ unset, they lose their special properties, even if they are sub-
+ sequently reset. The exit status is true unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is read-
+ only.
w\bwa\bai\bit\bt [_\bn _\b._\b._\b.]
Wait for each specified process and return its termination sta-
-GNU Bash 4.2 2011 April 11 BASH(1)
+GNU Bash 4.2 2011 July 7 BASH(1)
.\" Case Western Reserve University
.\" chet@po.cwru.edu
.\"
-.\" Last Change: Fri Jun 24 11:28:14 EDT 2011
+.\" Last Change: Thu Jul 7 07:26:51 EDT 2011
.\"
.\" bash_builtins, strip all but Built-Ins section
.if \n(zZ=1 .ig zZ
.if \n(zY=1 .ig zY
-.TH BASH 1 "2011 June 24" "GNU Bash 4.2"
+.TH BASH 1 "2011 July 7" "GNU Bash 4.2"
.\"
.\" There's some problem with having a `@'
.\" in a tagged paragraph with the BSD man macros.
set value of the
.B LC_ALL
shell variable to
-.BR C .
+.BR C ,
+or enable the
+.B globasciiranges
+shell option.
A
.B \-
may be matched by including it as the first or last character
quoted. This is the behavior of posix mode through version 4.1.
The default bash behavior remains as in previous versions.
.TP 8
+.B direxpand
+If set,
+.B bash
+replaces directory names with the results of word expansion when performing
+filename completion. This changes the contents of the readline editing
+buffer.
+If not set,
+.B bash
+attempts to preserve what the user typed.
+.TP 8
.B dirspell
If set,
.B bash
.BR FIGNORE .
This option is enabled by default.
.TP 8
+.B globasciiranges
+If set, range expressions used in pattern matching (see
+.SM
+.B Pattern Matching
+above) behave as if in the traditional C locale when performing
+comparisons. That is, the current locale's collating sequence
+is not taken into account, so
+.B b
+will not collate between
+.B A
+and
+.BR B ,
+and upper-case and lower-case ASCII characters will collate together.
+.TP 8
.B globstar
If set, the pattern \fB**\fP used in a pathname expansion context will
match all files and zero or more directories and subdirectories.
</HEAD>
<BODY><TABLE WIDTH=100%>
<TR>
-<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>BASH(1)<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2011 April 11<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
+<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>BASH(1)<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2011 July 7<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
</TR>
</TABLE>
<BR><A HREF="#index">Index</A>
<P>
-A <I>compound command</I> is one of the following:
+A <I>compound command</I> is one of the following.
+In most cases a <I>list</I> in a command's description may be separated from
+the rest of the command by one or more newlines, and may be followed by a
+newline in place of a semicolon.
<DL COMPACT>
<DT>(<I>list</I>)<DD>
<I>list</I> is executed in a subshell environment (see
<P>
This creates a coprocess named <I>NAME</I>.
-If <I>NAME</I> is not supplied, the default name is <I>COPROC</I>.
+If <I>NAME</I> is not supplied, the default name is <B>COPROC</B>.
<I>NAME</I> must not be supplied if <I>command</I> is a <I>simple
command</I> (see above); otherwise, it is interpreted as the first word
of the simple command.
<DD>
Used by the <B>select</B> compound command to determine the terminal width
-when printing selection lists. Automatically set upon receipt of a
+when printing selection lists. Automatically set in an interactive shell
+upon receipt of a
<FONT SIZE=-1><B>SIGWINCH</B>.
</FONT>
<DD>
Used by the <B>select</B> compound command to determine the column length
-for printing selection lists. Automatically set upon receipt of a
+for printing selection lists. Automatically set by an interactive shell
+upon receipt of a
<FONT SIZE=-1><B>SIGWINCH</B>.
</FONT>
<B>bash</B>.
A common value is
-<TT>/usr/gnu/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/ucb:/bin:/usr/bin</TT>.
+<TT>/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/sbin</TT>.
<DT><B>POSIXLY_CORRECT</B>
<I>pattern</I>,
and replaced with an alphabetically sorted list of
-file names matching the pattern.
+file names matching the pattern
+(see
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>Pattern Matching</B>
+
+</FONT>
+below).
If no matching file names are found,
and the shell option
<B>nullglob</B>
then any character not enclosed is matched.
The sorting order of characters in range expressions is determined by
-the current locale and the value of the
+the current locale and the values of the
<FONT SIZE=-1><B>LC_COLLATE</B>
</FONT>
-shell variable,
-if set.
+or
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>LC_ALL</B>
+
+</FONT>
+shell variables, if set.
+To obtain the traditional interpretation of range expressions, where
+<B>[a-d]</B>
+
+is equivalent to
+<B>[abcd]</B>,
+
+set value of the
+<B>LC_ALL</B>
+
+shell variable to
+<B>C</B>,
+
+or enable the
+<B>globasciiranges</B>
+
+shell option.
A
<B>-</B>
does not specify a valid job.
<DT><B>echo</B> [<B>-neE</B>] [<I>arg</I> ...]<DD>
Output the <I>arg</I>s, separated by spaces, followed by a newline.
-The return status is always 0.
+The return status is 0 unless a write error occurs.
If <B>-n</B> is specified, the trailing newline is
suppressed. If the <B>-e</B> option is given, interpretation of
the following backslash-escaped characters is enabled. The
<FONT SIZE=-1><B>JOB CONTROL</B>
</FONT>
-above). Background processes run in a separate process
-group and a line containing their exit status is printed
-upon their completion.
+above).
+All processes run in a separate process group.
+When a background job completes, the shell prints a line
+containing its exit status.
<DT><B>-n</B>
<DD>
(an even number) and the characters between the single quotes are considered
quoted. This is the behavior of posix mode through version 4.1.
The default bash behavior remains as in previous versions.
+<DT><B>direxpand</B>
+
+<DD>
+If set,
+<B>bash</B>
+
+replaces directory names with the results of word expansion when performing
+filename completion. This changes the contents of the readline editing
+buffer.
+If not set,
+<B>bash</B>
+
+attempts to preserve what the user typed.
<DT><B>dirspell</B>
<DD>
</FONT>
This option is enabled by default.
+<DT><B>globasciiranges</B>
+
+<DD>
+If set, range expressions used in pattern matching (see
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>Pattern Matching</B>
+
+</FONT>
+above) behave as if in the traditional C locale when performing
+comparisons. That is, the current locale's collating sequence
+is not taken into account, so
+<B>b</B>
+
+will not collate between
+<B>A</B>
+
+and
+<B>B</B>,
+
+and upper-case and lower-case ASCII characters will collate together.
<DT><B>globstar</B>
<DD>
<I>name</I>,
remove the corresponding variable or function.
-If no options are supplied, or the
+If the
<B>-v</B>
option is given, each
<I>name</I>
-refers to a shell variable.
+refers to a shell variable, and that variable is removed.
Read-only variables may not be unset.
If
<B>-f</B>
refers to a shell function, and the function definition
is removed.
+If no options are supplied, each <I>name</I> refers to a variable; if
+there is no variable by that name, any function with that name is
+unset.
Each unset variable or function is removed from the environment
passed to subsequent commands.
If any of
<HR>
<TABLE WIDTH=100%>
<TR>
-<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>GNU Bash 4.2<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2011 April 11<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
+<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>GNU Bash 4.2<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2011 July 7<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
</TR>
</TABLE>
<HR>
</DL>
<HR>
This document was created by man2html from bash.1.<BR>
-Time: 11 April 2011 17:01:53 EDT
+Time: 08 July 2011 17:23:53 EDT
</BODY>
</HTML>
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+(cutes. If).15 F .154(the e)2.654 F .154(xpansion of the items)-.15 F
+(follo)144 108 Q(wing)-.25 E/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(in)2.5 E F0
+(results in an empty list, no commands are e)2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G
+(cuted, and the return status is 0.).15 E F3 -.25(fo)108 124.8 S(r).25 E
+F0(\(\()2.5 E F1 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(;)2.5 E F1 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2
+E F0(;)2.5 E F1 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr3).2 E F0(\)\) ;)2.5 E F3(do)2.5 E F1
+(list)2.5 E F0(;)2.5 E F3(done)2.5 E F0 1.236(First, the arithmetic e)
+144 136.8 R(xpression)-.15 E F1 -.2(ex)3.736 G(pr1).2 E F0 1.235(is e)
+3.736 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.235
(luated according to the rules described belo).25 F 3.735(wu)-.25 G
-(nder)-3.735 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .561(ARITHMETIC EV)144 108 R(ALU)
--1.215 E -.855(AT)-.54 G(ION).855 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .561
-(The arithmetic e)5.061 F(xpression)-.15 E F2 -.2(ex)3.061 G(pr2).2 E F0
-.562(is then e)3.062 F -.25(va)-.25 G .562(luated repeatedly until).25 F
-.592(it e)144 120 R -.25(va)-.25 G .592(luates to zero.).25 F .592
-(Each time)5.592 F F2 -.2(ex)3.092 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.25(eva)3.092 G .592
-(luates to a non-zero v).25 F(alue,)-.25 E F2(list)3.092 E F0 .591(is e)
+(nder)-3.735 E F2 .561(ARITHMETIC EV)144 148.8 R(ALU)-1.215 E -.855(AT)
+-.54 G(ION).855 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .561(The arithmetic e)
+5.061 F(xpression)-.15 E F1 -.2(ex)3.061 G(pr2).2 E F0 .562(is then e)
+3.062 F -.25(va)-.25 G .562(luated repeatedly until).25 F .592(it e)144
+160.8 R -.25(va)-.25 G .592(luates to zero.).25 F .592(Each time)5.592 F
+F1 -.2(ex)3.092 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.25(eva)3.092 G .592
+(luates to a non-zero v).25 F(alue,)-.25 E F1(list)3.092 E F0 .591(is e)
3.092 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .591(cuted and the arith-).15 F .228(metic e)144
-132 R(xpression)-.15 E F2 -.2(ex)2.728 G(pr3).2 E F0 .229(is e)2.728 F
+172.8 R(xpression)-.15 E F1 -.2(ex)2.728 G(pr3).2 E F0 .229(is e)2.728 F
-.25(va)-.25 G 2.729(luated. If).25 F(an)2.729 E 2.729(ye)-.15 G .229
(xpression is omitted, it beha)-2.879 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.729(sa).15 G
2.729(si)-2.729 G 2.729(fi)-2.729 G 2.729(te)-2.729 G -.25(va)-2.979 G
-.229(luates to 1.).25 F .228(The return v)144 144 R .228(alue is the e)
--.25 F .228(xit status of the last command in)-.15 F F2(list)2.728 E F0
-.227(that is e)2.728 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .227(cuted, or f).15 F .227
-(alse if an)-.1 F 2.727(yo)-.15 G 2.727(ft)-2.727 G(he)-2.727 E -.15(ex)
-144 156 S(pressions is in).15 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid.).25 E F1(select)108
-172.8 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1(in)2.5 E F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0
-2.5(];)2.5 G F1(do)A F2(list)2.5 E F0(;)2.5 E F1(done)2.5 E F0 .432
-(The list of w)144 184.8 R .432(ords follo)-.1 F(wing)-.25 E F1(in)2.932
-E F0 .432(is e)2.932 F .432(xpanded, generating a list of items.)-.15 F
-.433(The set of e)5.433 F .433(xpanded w)-.15 F(ords)-.1 E .843
-(is printed on the standard error)144 196.8 R 3.342(,e)-.4 G .842
+.229(luates to 1.).25 F .228(The return v)144 184.8 R .228
+(alue is the e)-.25 F .228(xit status of the last command in)-.15 F F1
+(list)2.728 E F0 .227(that is e)2.728 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .227(cuted, or f)
+.15 F .227(alse if an)-.1 F 2.727(yo)-.15 G 2.727(ft)-2.727 G(he)-2.727
+E -.15(ex)144 196.8 S(pressions is in).15 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid.).25 E F3
+(select)108 213.6 Q F1(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F3(in)2.5 E F1(wor)2.5 E(d)
+-.37 E F0 2.5(];)2.5 G F3(do)A F1(list)2.5 E F0(;)2.5 E F3(done)2.5 E F0
+.432(The list of w)144 225.6 R .432(ords follo)-.1 F(wing)-.25 E F3(in)
+2.932 E F0 .432(is e)2.932 F .432(xpanded, generating a list of items.)
+-.15 F .433(The set of e)5.433 F .433(xpanded w)-.15 F(ords)-.1 E .843
+(is printed on the standard error)144 237.6 R 3.342(,e)-.4 G .842
(ach preceded by a number)-3.342 F 5.842(.I)-.55 G 3.342(ft)-5.842 G(he)
--3.342 E F1(in)3.342 E F2(wor)3.342 E(d)-.37 E F0 .842
+-3.342 E F3(in)3.342 E F1(wor)3.342 E(d)-.37 E F0 .842
(is omitted, the posi-)3.342 F .201(tional parameters are printed \(see)
-144 208.8 R F3 -.666(PA)2.701 G(RAMETERS).666 E F0(belo)2.451 E 2.701
-(w\). The)-.25 F F3(PS3)2.701 E F0 .201(prompt is then displayed and a)
-2.451 F .214(line read from the standard input.)144 220.8 R .213
+144 249.6 R F2 -.666(PA)2.701 G(RAMETERS).666 E F0(belo)2.451 E 2.701
+(w\). The)-.25 F F2(PS3)2.701 E F0 .201(prompt is then displayed and a)
+2.451 F .214(line read from the standard input.)144 261.6 R .213
(If the line consists of a number corresponding to one of the dis-)5.214
-F 1.537(played w)144 232.8 R 1.537(ords, then the v)-.1 F 1.537(alue of)
--.25 F F2(name)4.397 E F0 1.537(is set to that w)4.217 F 4.037(ord. If)
+F 1.537(played w)144 273.6 R 1.537(ords, then the v)-.1 F 1.537(alue of)
+-.25 F F1(name)4.397 E F0 1.537(is set to that w)4.217 F 4.037(ord. If)
-.1 F 1.538(the line is empty)4.038 F 4.038(,t)-.65 G 1.538(he w)-4.038
-F 1.538(ords and)-.1 F .066(prompt are displayed ag)144 244.8 R 2.566
+F 1.538(ords and)-.1 F .066(prompt are displayed ag)144 285.6 R 2.566
(ain. If)-.05 F .065(EOF is read, the command completes.)2.566 F(An)
5.065 E 2.565(yo)-.15 G .065(ther v)-2.565 F .065(alue read causes)-.25
-F F2(name)144 256.8 Q F0 .972(to be set to null.)3.652 F .972
+F F1(name)144 297.6 Q F0 .972(to be set to null.)3.652 F .972
(The line read is sa)5.972 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.473(di).15 G 3.473(nt)
--3.473 G .973(he v)-3.473 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(REPL)3.473 E(Y)-.828 E F4
-(.)A F0(The)5.473 E F2(list)3.563 E F0 .973(is e)4.153 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
-.973(cuted after).15 F .072(each selection until a)144 268.8 R F1(br)
+-3.473 G .973(he v)-3.473 F(ariable)-.25 E F2(REPL)3.473 E(Y)-.828 E F4
+(.)A F0(The)5.473 E F1(list)3.563 E F0 .973(is e)4.153 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
+.973(cuted after).15 F .072(each selection until a)144 309.6 R F3(br)
2.571 E(eak)-.18 E F0 .071(command is e)2.571 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.571
-(cuted. The).15 F -.15(ex)2.571 G .071(it status of).15 F F1(select)
+(cuted. The).15 F -.15(ex)2.571 G .071(it status of).15 F F3(select)
2.571 E F0 .071(is the e)2.571 F .071(xit status of the)-.15 F
-(last command e)144 280.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted in).15 E F2(list)2.5 E
+(last command e)144 321.6 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted in).15 E F1(list)2.5 E
F0 2.5(,o).68 G 2.5(rz)-2.5 G(ero if no commands were e)-2.5 E -.15(xe)
--.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1(case)108 297.6 Q F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F1(in)2.5
-E F0 2.5([[)2.5 G(\(])-2.5 E F2(pattern)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1(|)2.5 E F2
-(pattern)2.5 E F0 2.5(].)2.5 G(.. \))-2.5 E F2(list)2.5 E F0(;; ] ...)
-2.5 E F1(esac)2.5 E F0(A)144 309.6 Q F1(case)3.264 E F0 .764
-(command \214rst e)3.264 F(xpands)-.15 E F2(wor)3.264 E(d)-.37 E F0
+-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F3(case)108 338.4 Q F1(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F3(in)2.5
+E F0 2.5([[)2.5 G(\(])-2.5 E F1(pattern)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F3(|)2.5 E F1
+(pattern)2.5 E F0 2.5(].)2.5 G(.. \))-2.5 E F1(list)2.5 E F0(;; ] ...)
+2.5 E F3(esac)2.5 E F0(A)144 350.4 Q F3(case)3.264 E F0 .764
+(command \214rst e)3.264 F(xpands)-.15 E F1(wor)3.264 E(d)-.37 E F0
3.264(,a)C .764(nd tries to match it ag)-3.264 F .764(ainst each)-.05 F
-F2(pattern)3.264 E F0 .765(in turn, using the)3.264 F .596
-(same matching rules as for pathname e)144 321.6 R .595(xpansion \(see)
--.15 F F1 -.1(Pa)3.095 G .595(thname Expansion).1 F F0(belo)3.095 E
-3.095(w\). The)-.25 F F2(wor)3.095 E(d)-.37 E F0(is)3.095 E -.15(ex)144
-333.6 S 1.092(panded using tilde e).15 F 1.092
+F1(pattern)3.264 E F0 .765(in turn, using the)3.264 F .596
+(same matching rules as for pathname e)144 362.4 R .595(xpansion \(see)
+-.15 F F3 -.1(Pa)3.095 G .595(thname Expansion).1 F F0(belo)3.095 E
+3.095(w\). The)-.25 F F1(wor)3.095 E(d)-.37 E F0(is)3.095 E -.15(ex)144
+374.4 S 1.092(panded using tilde e).15 F 1.092
(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F 1.092(ariable e)-.25 F 1.092
(xpansion, arithmetic substitution, com-)-.15 F 1.268
-(mand substitution, process substitution and quote remo)144 345.6 R -.25
-(va)-.15 G 3.768(l. Each).25 F F2(pattern)3.768 E F0 -.15(ex)3.768 G
-1.268(amined is e).15 F(xpanded)-.15 E .353(using tilde e)144 357.6 R
+(mand substitution, process substitution and quote remo)144 386.4 R -.25
+(va)-.15 G 3.768(l. Each).25 F F1(pattern)3.768 E F0 -.15(ex)3.768 G
+1.268(amined is e).15 F(xpanded)-.15 E .353(using tilde e)144 398.4 R
.353(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .353(ariable e)-.25 F .353
(xpansion, arithmetic substitution, command substi-)-.15 F 1.517
-(tution, and process substitution.)144 369.6 R 1.517
-(If the shell option)6.517 F F1(nocasematch)4.016 E F0 1.516
+(tution, and process substitution.)144 410.4 R 1.517
+(If the shell option)6.517 F F3(nocasematch)4.016 E F0 1.516
(is enabled, the match is per)4.016 F(-)-.2 E 1.346(formed without re)
-144 381.6 R -.05(ga)-.15 G 1.346
+144 422.4 R -.05(ga)-.15 G 1.346
(rd to the case of alphabetic characters.).05 F 1.347
-(When a match is found, the corre-)6.347 F(sponding)144 393.6 Q F2(list)
+(When a match is found, the corre-)6.347 F(sponding)144 434.4 Q F1(list)
2.777 E F0 .277(is e)2.777 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.777(cuted. If).15 F(the)
-2.777 E F1(;;)2.777 E F0 .277
+2.777 E F3(;;)2.777 E F0 .277
(operator is used, no subsequent matches are attempted after the)2.777 F
-.848(\214rst pattern match.)144 405.6 R(Using)5.848 E F1(;&)3.348 E F0
-.849(in place of)3.349 F F1(;;)3.349 E F0 .849(causes e)3.349 F -.15(xe)
--.15 G .849(cution to continue with the).15 F F2(list)3.349 E F0
-(associated)3.349 E .078(with the ne)144 417.6 R .078
-(xt set of patterns.)-.15 F(Using)5.078 E F1(;;&)2.578 E F0 .078
-(in place of)2.578 F F1(;;)2.578 E F0 .077
+.848(\214rst pattern match.)144 446.4 R(Using)5.848 E F3(;&)3.348 E F0
+.849(in place of)3.349 F F3(;;)3.349 E F0 .849(causes e)3.349 F -.15(xe)
+-.15 G .849(cution to continue with the).15 F F1(list)3.349 E F0
+(associated)3.349 E .078(with the ne)144 458.4 R .078
+(xt set of patterns.)-.15 F(Using)5.078 E F3(;;&)2.578 E F0 .078
+(in place of)2.578 F F3(;;)2.578 E F0 .077
(causes the shell to test the ne)2.578 F .077(xt pattern list in)-.15 F
-.227(the statement, if an)144 429.6 R 1.527 -.65(y, a)-.15 H .227(nd e)
+.227(the statement, if an)144 470.4 R 1.527 -.65(y, a)-.15 H .227(nd e)
.65 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .227(cute an).15 F 2.727(ya)-.15 G(ssociated)-2.727
-E F2(list)2.727 E F0 .227(on a successful match.)2.727 F .227(The e)
-5.227 F .227(xit status is zero)-.15 F(if no pattern matches.)144 441.6
+E F1(list)2.727 E F0 .227(on a successful match.)2.727 F .227(The e)
+5.227 F .227(xit status is zero)-.15 F(if no pattern matches.)144 482.4
Q(Otherwise, it is the e)5 E(xit status of the last command e)-.15 E
--.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted in).15 E F2(list)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(if)108 458.4 Q F2
-(list)2.5 E F0(;)A F1(then)2.5 E F2(list;)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1(elif)2.5 E
-F2(list)2.5 E F0(;)A F1(then)2.5 E F2(list)2.5 E F0 2.5(;].)C(.. [)-2.5
-E F1(else)2.5 E F2(list)2.5 E F0 2.5(;])C F1<8c>A F0(The)144 470.4 Q F1
-(if)2.978 E F2(list)3.068 E F0 .478(is e)3.658 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.978
+-.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted in).15 E F1(list)2.5 E F0(.)A F3(if)108 499.2 Q F1
+(list)2.5 E F0(;)A F3(then)2.5 E F1(list;)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F3(elif)2.5 E
+F1(list)2.5 E F0(;)A F3(then)2.5 E F1(list)2.5 E F0 2.5(;].)C(.. [)-2.5
+E F3(else)2.5 E F1(list)2.5 E F0 2.5(;])C F3<8c>A F0(The)144 511.2 Q F3
+(if)2.978 E F1(list)3.068 E F0 .478(is e)3.658 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.978
(cuted. If).15 F .478(its e)2.978 F .478(xit status is zero, the)-.15 F
-F1(then)2.978 E F2(list)2.978 E F0 .478(is e)2.978 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
-2.978(cuted. Otherwise,).15 F(each)2.978 E F1(elif)2.977 E F2(list)2.977
-E F0 1.087(is e)144 482.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.087
+F3(then)2.978 E F1(list)2.978 E F0 .478(is e)2.978 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
+2.978(cuted. Otherwise,).15 F(each)2.978 E F3(elif)2.977 E F1(list)2.977
+E F0 1.087(is e)144 523.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.087
(cuted in turn, and if its e).15 F 1.087
-(xit status is zero, the corresponding)-.15 F F1(then)3.587 E F2(list)
+(xit status is zero, the corresponding)-.15 F F3(then)3.587 E F1(list)
3.587 E F0 1.088(is e)3.588 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.088(cuted and the).15 F
-.104(command completes.)144 494.4 R .103(Otherwise, the)5.104 F F1(else)
-2.603 E F2(list)2.603 E F0 .103(is e)2.603 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .103
+.104(command completes.)144 535.2 R .103(Otherwise, the)5.104 F F3(else)
+2.603 E F1(list)2.603 E F0 .103(is e)2.603 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .103
(cuted, if present.).15 F .103(The e)5.103 F .103(xit status is the e)
--.15 F .103(xit sta-)-.15 F(tus of the last command e)144 506.4 Q -.15
-(xe)-.15 G(cuted, or zero if no condition tested true.).15 E F1(while)
-108 523.2 Q F2(list-1)2.5 E F0(;)A F1(do)2.5 E F2(list-2)2.5 E F0(;)A F1
-(done)2.5 E(until)108 535.2 Q F2(list-1)2.5 E F0(;)A F1(do)2.5 E F2
-(list-2)2.5 E F0(;)A F1(done)2.5 E F0(The)144 547.2 Q F1(while)3.45 E F0
+-.15 F .103(xit sta-)-.15 F(tus of the last command e)144 547.2 Q -.15
+(xe)-.15 G(cuted, or zero if no condition tested true.).15 E F3(while)
+108 564 Q F1(list-1)2.5 E F0(;)A F3(do)2.5 E F1(list-2)2.5 E F0(;)A F3
+(done)2.5 E(until)108 576 Q F1(list-1)2.5 E F0(;)A F3(do)2.5 E F1
+(list-2)2.5 E F0(;)A F3(done)2.5 E F0(The)144 588 Q F3(while)3.45 E F0
.95(command continuously e)3.45 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .95(cutes the list).15
-F F2(list-2)3.45 E F0 .95(as long as the last command in the list)3.45 F
-F2(list-1)144 559.2 Q F0 .205(returns an e)2.705 F .205
-(xit status of zero.)-.15 F(The)5.205 E F1(until)2.705 E F0 .205
-(command is identical to the)2.705 F F1(while)2.705 E F0 .205
-(command, e)2.705 F(xcept)-.15 E .599(that the test is ne)144 571.2 R
--.05(ga)-.15 G(ted;).05 E F2(list-2)3.189 E F0 .599(is e)3.119 F -.15
-(xe)-.15 G .6(cuted as long as the last command in).15 F F2(list-1)3.19
-E F0 .6(returns a non-zero)3.1 F -.15(ex)144 583.2 S .205(it status.).15
-F .205(The e)5.205 F .205(xit status of the)-.15 F F1(while)2.705 E F0
-(and)2.705 E F1(until)2.704 E F0 .204(commands is the e)2.704 F .204
-(xit status of the last command)-.15 F -.15(exe)144 595.2 S(cuted in).15
-E F2(list-2)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C 2.5(rz)-2.5 G(ero if none w)-2.5 E(as e)
--.1 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1(Copr)87 612 Q(ocesses)-.18 E F0(A)
-108 624 Q F2(copr)3.712 E(ocess)-.45 E F0 1.212
-(is a shell command preceded by the)3.712 F F1(copr)3.713 E(oc)-.18 E F0
+F F1(list-2)3.45 E F0 .95(as long as the last command in the list)3.45 F
+F1(list-1)144 600 Q F0 .205(returns an e)2.705 F .205
+(xit status of zero.)-.15 F(The)5.205 E F3(until)2.705 E F0 .205
+(command is identical to the)2.705 F F3(while)2.705 E F0 .205
+(command, e)2.705 F(xcept)-.15 E .599(that the test is ne)144 612 R -.05
+(ga)-.15 G(ted;).05 E F1(list-2)3.189 E F0 .599(is e)3.119 F -.15(xe)
+-.15 G .6(cuted as long as the last command in).15 F F1(list-1)3.19 E F0
+.6(returns a non-zero)3.1 F -.15(ex)144 624 S .205(it status.).15 F .205
+(The e)5.205 F .205(xit status of the)-.15 F F3(while)2.705 E F0(and)
+2.705 E F3(until)2.704 E F0 .204(commands is the e)2.704 F .204
+(xit status of the last command)-.15 F -.15(exe)144 636 S(cuted in).15 E
+F1(list-2)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C 2.5(rz)-2.5 G(ero if none w)-2.5 E(as e)-.1
+E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F3(Copr)87 652.8 Q(ocesses)-.18 E F0(A)108
+664.8 Q F1(copr)3.712 E(ocess)-.45 E F0 1.212
+(is a shell command preceded by the)3.712 F F3(copr)3.713 E(oc)-.18 E F0
(reserv)3.713 E 1.213(ed w)-.15 F 3.713(ord. A)-.1 F 1.213
(coprocess is e)3.713 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.213(cuted asyn-).15 F .575(chr\
onously in a subshell, as if the command had been terminated with the)
-108 636 R F1(&)3.074 E F0 .574(control operator)3.074 F 3.074(,w)-.4 G
-.574(ith a tw)-3.074 F(o-)-.1 E -.1(wa)108 648 S 2.5(yp).1 G
+108 676.8 R F3(&)3.074 E F0 .574(control operator)3.074 F 3.074(,w)-.4 G
+.574(ith a tw)-3.074 F(o-)-.1 E -.1(wa)108 688.8 S 2.5(yp).1 G
(ipe established between the e)-2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G
(cuting shell and the coprocess.).15 E(The format for a coprocess is:)
-108 664.8 Q F1(copr)144 681.6 Q(oc)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F2 -.27(NA)C(ME).27
-E F0(])A F2(command)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2 -.37(re)C(dir).37 E(ections)-.37
-E F0(])A .922(This creates a coprocess named)108 698.4 R F2 -.27(NA)
-3.422 G(ME).27 E F0 5.922(.I)C(f)-5.922 E F2 -.27(NA)3.422 G(ME).27 E F0
-.923(is not supplied, the def)3.422 F .923(ault name is)-.1 F F2(COPR)
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(nnn)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)18.22 E(alue is the octal v)
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(alue is the he)-.25 E(xadecimal v)-.15 E(alue)-.25 E F3(HH)2.5 E F0
(\(one or tw)2.5 E 2.5(oh)-.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E F1
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-(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 333.6 R 1.506
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+(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 369.6 R 1.506
(alue is the he)-.25 F 1.506(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F3(HHHH)
-4.006 E F0(\(one to four he)180 345.6 Q 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\))-2.5 E F1
-(\\U)144 357.6 Q F3(HHHHHHHH)A F0 .547
-(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 369.6 R .547
+4.006 E F0(\(one to four he)180 381.6 Q 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\))-2.5 E F1
+(\\U)144 393.6 Q F3(HHHHHHHH)A F0 .547
+(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 405.6 R .547
(alue is the he)-.25 F .548(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F3(HHHHH-)
-3.048 E(HHH)180 381.6 Q F0(\(one to eight he)2.5 E 2.5(xd)-.15 G
-(igits\))-2.5 E F1(\\c)144 393.6 Q F3(x)A F0 2.5(ac)24.34 G(ontrol-)-2.5
-E F3(x)A F0(character)2.5 E(The e)108 410.4 Q(xpanded result is single-\
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+(igits\))-2.5 E F1(\\c)144 429.6 Q F3(x)A F0 2.5(ac)24.34 G(ontrol-)-2.5
+E F3(x)A F0(character)2.5 E(The e)108 446.4 Q(xpanded result is single-\
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-427.2 S .14(ouble-quoted string preceded by a dollar sign \()-2.64 F F1
+463.2 S .14(ouble-quoted string preceded by a dollar sign \()-2.64 F F1
($)A F0(")A F3(string)A F0 .14
("\) will cause the string to be translated according)B .495
-(to the current locale.)108 439.2 R .495(If the current locale is)5.495
+(to the current locale.)108 475.2 R .495(If the current locale is)5.495
F F1(C)2.995 E F0(or)2.995 E F1(POSIX)2.995 E F0 2.995(,t)C .495
(he dollar sign is ignored.)-2.995 F .496(If the string is trans-)5.496
-F(lated and replaced, the replacement is double-quoted.)108 451.2 Q/F4
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(par)4.593 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .843(is an entity that stores v)4.073 F
3.343(alues. It)-.25 F .843(can be a)3.343 F F3(name)3.342 E F0 3.342
(,an).18 G(umber)-3.342 E 3.342(,o)-.4 G 3.342(ro)-3.342 G .842
-(ne of the special characters)-3.342 F .822(listed belo)108 492 R 3.323
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(wu)-.25 G(nder)-3.323 E F1 .823(Special P)3.323 F(arameters)-.1 E F0
5.823(.A)C F3(variable)-2.21 E F0 .823(is a parameter denoted by a)3.503
F F3(name)3.323 E F0 5.823(.A).18 G -.25(va)-2.5 G .823(riable has a).25
-F F3(value)108 504 Q F0 .369(and zero or more)2.869 F F3(attrib)2.869 E
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2.868 G .368(iltin command \(see).2 F F1(declar)2.868 E(e)-.18 E F0
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(alue. The)-.25 F .254(null string is a v)2.754 F .255(alid v)-.25 F
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+F(may be unset only by using the)108 580.8 Q F1(unset)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)
2.5 G(iltin command \(see).2 E F2(SHELL B)2.5 E(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)
--.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E(A)108 561.6 Q F3(variable)2.79 E F0
-(may be assigned to by a statement of the form)2.68 E F3(name)144 578.4
-Q F0(=[)A F3(value)A F0(])A(If)108 595.2 Q F3(value)3.023 E F0 .233
+-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E(A)108 597.6 Q F3(variable)2.79 E F0
+(may be assigned to by a statement of the form)2.68 E F3(name)144 614.4
+Q F0(=[)A F3(value)A F0(])A(If)108 631.2 Q F3(value)3.023 E F0 .233
(is not gi)2.913 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .233(n, the v).15 F .232
(ariable is assigned the null string.)-.25 F(All)5.232 E F3(values)3.022
E F0(under)3.002 E .232(go tilde e)-.18 F .232(xpansion, parameter)-.15
-F .515(and v)108 607.2 R .515(ariable e)-.25 F .515
+F .515(and v)108 643.2 R .515(ariable e)-.25 F .515
(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic e)-.15 F .515
(xpansion, and quote remo)-.15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 3.015(l\().25 G(see)
--3.015 E F2(EXP)3.015 E(ANSION)-.666 E F0(belo)108 619.2 Q 2.699
+-3.015 E F2(EXP)3.015 E(ANSION)-.666 E F0(belo)108 655.2 Q 2.699
(w\). If)-.25 F .199(the v)2.699 F .199(ariable has its)-.25 F F1
(integer)2.698 E F0(attrib)2.698 E .198(ute set, then)-.2 F F3(value)
2.988 E F0 .198(is e)2.878 F -.25(va)-.25 G .198
(luated as an arithmetic e).25 F .198(xpression e)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(n).15 E .901(if the $\(\(...\)\) e)108 631.2 R .901
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(xpansion is not used \(see)-.15 F F1 .901(Arithmetic Expansion)3.401 F
F0(belo)3.401 E 3.402(w\). W)-.25 F .902
-(ord splitting is not performed,)-.8 F 1.179(with the e)108 643.2 R
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+(ariable')-.25 E 2.757(sp)-.55 G(re)-2.757 E .257(vious v)-.25 F 2.757
+(alue. When)-.25 F .257(+= is applied to a v)2.757 F(ariable)-.25 E .361
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-(xe)-.15 G 3.885(da).15 G 1.385(rrays\) or)-3.885 F .123
-(added as additional k)108 1
08 R -.15(ey)-.1 G<ad76>.15 E .123
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44 R -.15(ey)-.1 G<ad76>.15 E .123
(alue pairs in an associati)-.25 F .423 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(rray).15 E
5.123(.W)-.65 G .122(hen applied to a string-v)-5.123 F .122(alued v)
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-(alue.)-2.75 E F1 -.2(Po)87 136.8 S(sitional P).2 E(arameters)-.1 E F0
-(A)108 148.8 Q F2 .705(positional par)4.455 F(ameter)-.15 E F0 .706(is \
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+(A)108 184.8 Q F1 .705(positional par)4.455 F(ameter)-.15 E F0 .706(is \
a parameter denoted by one or more digits, other than the single digit \
0.)3.935 F(Posi-)5.706 E .445
-(tional parameters are assigned from the shell')108 160.8 R 2.944(sa)
+(tional parameters are assigned from the shell')108 196.8 R 2.944(sa)
-.55 G -.18(rg)-2.944 G .444(uments when it is in).18 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1
-(ke).2 G .444(d, and may be reassigned using).1 F(the)108 172.8 Q F1
+(ke).2 G .444(d, and may be reassigned using).1 F(the)108 208.8 Q F2
(set)3.333 E F0 -.2(bu)3.333 G .833(iltin command.).2 F .834(Positional\
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(The)5.834 E .334(positional parameters are temporarily replaced when a\
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(ral parameters specially).15 F 6.675(.T)-.65 G 1.674
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(Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one.)31 F .606
(When the e)5.605 F .606(xpansion occurs within dou-)-.15 F .084
-(ble quotes, it e)144 278.4 R .084(xpands to a single w)-.15 F .084
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(ord with the v)-.1 F .084
(alue of each parameter separated by the \214rst char)-.25 F(-)-.2 E
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(riable. If).25 F F3(IFS)3.268 E F0 .768
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(Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one.)26.7 F .606
(When the e)5.605 F .606(xpansion occurs within dou-)-.15 F .114
-(ble quotes, each parameter e)144 338.4 R .114(xpands to a separate w)
--.15 F 2.614(ord. That)-.1 F .113(is, ")2.613 F F1($@)A F0 2.613("i)C
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F .135(ord, the e)-.1 F .135
(xpansion of the \214rst parameter is joined)-.15 F .151(with the be)144
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-(there are no positional parameters, ")2.837 F F1($@)A F0 2.838("a)C(nd)
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-(to nothing \(i.e., the)144 386.4 Q 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re remo)-2.5 E -.15
-(ve)-.15 G(d\).).15 E F1(#)108 398.4 Q F0
-(Expands to the number of positional parameters in decimal.)31 E F1(?)
-108 410.4 Q F0(Expands to the e)31 E(xit status of the most recently e)
--.15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted fore).15 E(ground pipeline.)-.15 E F
1<ad>108
-422.4 Q F0 .882
+(the last part of the original w)144 410.4 R 2.837(ord. When)-.1 F .338
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+(to nothing \(i.e., the)144 422.4 Q 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re remo)-2.5 E -.15
+(ve)-.15 G(d\).).15 E F2(#)108 434.4 Q F0
+(Expands to the number of positional parameters in decimal.)31 E F2(?)
+108 446.4 Q F0(Expands to the e)31 E(xit status of the most recently e)
+-.15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted fore).15 E(ground pipeline.)-.15 E F
2<ad>108
+458.4 Q F0 .882
(Expands to the current option \215ags as speci\214ed upon in)30.3 F -.2
-(vo)-.4 G .881(cation, by the).2 F F1(set)3.381 E F0 -.2(bu)3.381 G .881
+(vo)-.4 G .881(cation, by the).2 F F2(set)3.381 E F0 -.2(bu)3.381 G .881
(iltin command, or).2 F(those set by the shell itself \(such as the)144
-434.4 Q F1<ad69>2.5 E F0(option\).)2.5 E F1($)108 446.4 Q F0 .214
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(Expands to the process ID of the shell.)31 F .214
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(At shell startup, set to the absolute pathname used to in)31 F -.2(vo)
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+1.181(acilities \(see)-.1 F F1(Pr)144 180 Q(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E
+F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(COMP_KEY)108 192 Q F0(The k)144 204 Q .3
-.15(ey \()-.1 H(or \214nal k).15 E .3 -.15(ey o)-.1 H 2.5(fak).15 G .3
-.15(ey s)-2.6 H(equence\) used to in).15 E -.2(vo)-.4 G .2 -.1(ke t).2
-H(he current completion function.).1 E F1(COMP_LINE)108 204 Q F0 1.208
-(The current command line.)144 216 R 1.208(This v)6.208 F 1.208
+H(he current completion function.).1 E F1(COMP_LINE)108 216 Q F0 1.208
+(The current command line.)144 228 R 1.208(This v)6.208 F 1.208
(ariable is a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G 1.208
(ilable only in shell functions and e).25 F 1.207(xternal com-)-.15 F
-2.848(mands in)144 228 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 5.349(db).1 G 5.349
+2.848(mands in)144 240 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 5.349(db).1 G 5.349
(yt)-5.349 G 2.849(he programmable completion f)-5.349 F 2.849
(acilities \(see)-.1 F F1(Pr)5.349 E 2.849(ogrammable Completion)-.18 F
-F0(belo)144 240 Q(w\).)-.25 E F1(COMP_POINT)108 252 Q F0 .667(The inde)
-144 264 R 3.167(xo)-.15 G 3.167(ft)-3.167 G .666
+F0(belo)144 252 Q(w\).)-.25 E F1(COMP_POINT)108 264 Q F0 .667(The inde)
+144 276 R 3.167(xo)-.15 G 3.167(ft)-3.167 G .666
(he current cursor position relati)-3.167 F .966 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 3.166
(ot).15 G .666(he be)-3.166 F .666(ginning of the current command.)-.15
F .666(If the)5.666 F .534
(current cursor position is at the end of the current command, the v)144
-276 R .535(alue of this v)-.25 F .535(ariable is equal to)-.25 F F1
-(${#COMP_LINE})144 288 Q F0 7.006(.T)C 2.006(his v)-7.006 F 2.006
+288 R .535(alue of this v)-.25 F .535(ariable is equal to)-.25 F F1
+(${#COMP_LINE})144 300 Q F0 7.006(.T)C 2.006(his v)-7.006 F 2.006
(ariable is a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G 2.005
(ilable only in shell functions and e).25 F 2.005(xternal commands)-.15
-F(in)144 300 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(db).1 G 2.5(yt)-2.5 G
+F(in)144 312 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(db).1 G 2.5(yt)-2.5 G
(he programmable completion f)-2.5 E(acilities \(see)-.1 E F1(Pr)2.5 E
(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(COMP_TYPE)108
-312 Q F0 .041(Set to an inte)144 324 R .041(ger v)-.15 F .041(alue corr\
+324 Q F0 .041(Set to an inte)144 336 R .041(ger v)-.15 F .041(alue corr\
esponding to the type of completion attempted that caused a completion)
--.25 F .338(function to be called:)144 336 R F2 -.5(TA)2.837 G(B).5 E F0
+-.25 F .338(function to be called:)144 348 R F2 -.5(TA)2.837 G(B).5 E F0
2.837(,f)C .337(or normal completion,)-2.837 F F2(?)2.837 E F0 2.837(,f)
C .337(or listing completions after successi)-2.837 F .637 -.15(ve t)
--.25 H(abs,).15 E F2(!)144 348 Q F0 4.091(,f)C 1.591
+-.25 H(abs,).15 E F2(!)144 360 Q F0 4.091(,f)C 1.591
(or listing alternati)-4.091 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.092(so).15 G 4.092(np)
-4.092 G 1.592(artial w)-4.092 F 1.592(ord completion,)-.1 F F2(@)4.092
E F0 4.092(,t)C 4.092(ol)-4.092 G 1.592(ist completions if the w)-4.092
-F 1.592(ord is not)-.1 F 1.553(unmodi\214ed, or)144 360 R F2(%)4.053 E
+F 1.592(ord is not)-.1 F 1.553(unmodi\214ed, or)144 372 R F2(%)4.053 E
F0 4.052(,f)C 1.552(or menu completion.)-4.052 F 1.552(This v)6.552 F
1.552(ariable is a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G 1.552
-(ilable only in shell functions and).25 F -.15(ex)144 372 S 2.928
+(ilable only in shell functions and).25 F -.15(ex)144 384 S 2.928
(ternal commands in).15 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 5.429(db).1 G 5.429
(yt)-5.429 G 2.929(he programmable completion f)-5.429 F 2.929
(acilities \(see)-.1 F F1(Pr)5.429 E(ogrammable)-.18 E(Completion)144
-384 Q F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(COMP_W)108 396 Q(ORDBREAKS)-.1 E F0
-1.336(The set of characters that the)144 408 R F1 -.18(re)3.836 G
+396 Q F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(COMP_W)108 408 Q(ORDBREAKS)-.1 E F0
+1.336(The set of characters that the)144 420 R F1 -.18(re)3.836 G
(adline).18 E F0 1.336(library treats as w)3.836 F 1.335
(ord separators when performing w)-.1 F(ord)-.1 E 3.125(completion. If)
-144 420 R F3(COMP_W)3.125 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09 E F0 .626
+144 432 R F3(COMP_W)3.125 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09 E F0 .626
(is unset, it loses its special properties, e)2.875 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
3.126(ni).15 G 3.126(fi)-3.126 G 3.126(ti)-3.126 G 3.126(ss)-3.126 G
-(ubse-)-3.126 E(quently reset.)144 432 Q F1(COMP_W)108 444 Q(ORDS)-.1 E
-F0 .654(An array v)144 456 R .654(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1(Arrays)3.154 E
+(ubse-)-3.126 E(quently reset.)144 444 Q F1(COMP_W)108 456 Q(ORDS)-.1 E
+F0 .654(An array v)144 468 R .654(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1(Arrays)3.154 E
F0(belo)3.154 E .654(w\) consisting of the indi)-.25 F .653(vidual w)
--.25 F .653(ords in the current command)-.1 F 4.332(line. The)144 468 R
+-.25 F .653(ords in the current command)-.1 F 4.332(line. The)144 480 R
1.832(line is split into w)4.332 F 1.832(ords as)-.1 F F1 -.18(re)4.332
G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(wo)4.332 G 1.832(uld split it, using).1 F F3
(COMP_W)4.332 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09 E F0(as)4.083 E .832(described abo)144
-480 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.832(.T).15 G .832(his v)-5.832 F .832
+492 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.832(.T).15 G .832(his v)-5.832 F .832
(ariable is a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G .831
(ilable only in shell functions in).25 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.331
(db).1 G 3.331(yt)-3.331 G .831(he programmable)-3.331 F(completion f)
-144 492 Q(acilities \(see)-.1 E F1(Pr)2.5 E(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E
-F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(COPR)108 504 Q(OC)-.3 E F0 .168(An array v)
-144 516 R .168(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1(Arrays)2.668 E F0(belo)2.669 E
+144 504 Q(acilities \(see)-.1 E F1(Pr)2.5 E(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E
+F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(COPR)108 516 Q(OC)-.3 E F0 .168(An array v)
+144 528 R .168(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1(Arrays)2.668 E F0(belo)2.669 E
.169
(w\) created to hold the \214le descriptors for output from and input)
--.25 F(to an unnamed coprocess \(see)144 528 Q F1(Copr)2.5 E(ocesses)
--.18 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1(DIRST)108 540 Q -.55(AC)
--.9 G(K).55 E F0 2.26(An array v)144 552 R 2.26(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1
+-.25 F(to an unnamed coprocess \(see)144 540 Q F1(Copr)2.5 E(ocesses)
+-.18 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1(DIRST)108 552 Q -.55(AC)
+-.9 G(K).55 E F0 2.26(An array v)144 564 R 2.26(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1
(Arrays)4.76 E F0(belo)4.76 E 2.26
(w\) containing the current contents of the directory stack.)-.25 F
-1.094(Directories appear in the stack in the order the)144 564 R 3.594
+1.094(Directories appear in the stack in the order the)144 576 R 3.594
(ya)-.15 G 1.095(re displayed by the)-3.594 F F1(dirs)3.595 E F0 -.2(bu)
3.595 G 3.595(iltin. Assigning).2 F(to)3.595 E 1.432
-(members of this array v)144 576 R 1.432
+(members of this array v)144 588 R 1.432
(ariable may be used to modify directories already in the stack, b)-.25
-F 1.431(ut the)-.2 F F1(pushd)144 588 Q F0(and)2.746 E F1(popd)2.746 E
+F 1.431(ut the)-.2 F F1(pushd)144 600 Q F0(and)2.746 E F1(popd)2.746 E
F0 -.2(bu)2.746 G .246(iltins must be used to add and remo).2 F .546
-.15(ve d)-.15 H 2.746(irectories. Assignment).15 F .246(to this v)2.746
-F(ariable)-.25 E .351(will not change the current directory)144 600 R
+F(ariable)-.25 E .351(will not change the current directory)144 612 R
5.35(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.35 E F3(DIRST)2.85 E -.495(AC)-.81 G(K).495 E F0 .35
(is unset, it loses its special properties, e)2.6 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.85
-(ni).15 G(f)-2.85 E(it is subsequently reset.)144 612 Q F1(EUID)108 624
+(ni).15 G(f)-2.85 E(it is subsequently reset.)144 624 Q F1(EUID)108 636
Q F0 1.103(Expands to the ef)11 F(fecti)-.25 E 1.403 -.15(ve u)-.25 H
1.103(ser ID of the current user).15 F 3.603(,i)-.4 G 1.103
(nitialized at shell startup.)-3.603 F 1.104(This v)6.103 F 1.104
-(ariable is)-.25 F(readonly)144 636 Q(.)-.65 E F1(FUNCN)108 648 Q(AME)
--.2 E F0 .479(An array v)144 660 R .479
+(ariable is)-.25 F(readonly)144 648 Q(.)-.65 E F1(FUNCN)108 660 Q(AME)
+-.2 E F0 .479(An array v)144 672 R .479
(ariable containing the names of all shell functions currently in the e)
-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .478(cution call stack.).15 F .276
-(The element with inde)144 672 R 2.776(x0i)-.15 G 2.776(st)-2.776 G .276
+(The element with inde)144 684 R 2.776(x0i)-.15 G 2.776(st)-2.776 G .276
(he name of an)-2.776 F 2.777(yc)-.15 G(urrently-e)-2.777 E -.15(xe)-.15
G .277(cuting shell function.).15 F .277(The bottom-most)5.277 F .385
-(element \(the one with the highest inde)144 684 R .384(x\) is)-.15 F/F5
+(element \(the one with the highest inde)144 696 R .384(x\) is)-.15 F/F5
10/Courier@0 SF("main")2.884 E F0 5.384(.T)C .384(his v)-5.384 F .384
(ariable e)-.25 F .384(xists only when a shell func-)-.15 F .034
-(tion is e)144 696 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.534(cuting. Assignments).15 F(to)
+(tion is e)144 708 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.534(cuting. Assignments).15 F(to)
2.535 E F3(FUNCN)2.535 E(AME)-.18 E F0(ha)2.285 E .335 -.15(ve n)-.2 H
2.535(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.535 G .035(ect and return an error status.).25
-F(If)5.035 E F3(FUNC-)2.535 E -.18(NA)144 708 S(ME).18 E F0
+F(If)5.035 E F3(FUNC-)2.535 E -.18(NA)144 720 S(ME).18 E F0
(is unset, it loses its special properties, e)2.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5
(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)
--2.5 E 3.176(This v)144 726 R 3.176(ariable can be used with)-.25 F F1
--.3(BA)5.675 G(SH_LINENO).3 E F0(and)5.675 E F1 -.3(BA)5.675 G
-(SH_SOURCE).3 E F0 8.175(.E)C 3.175(ach element of)-8.175 F
-(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2011 April 11)146.785 E(11)195.945 E 0 Cg EP
+-2.5 E(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2011 July 7)151.505 E(11)200.665 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 12 12
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(FUNCN)144 84 Q(AME)-.2 E F0 .11
-(has corresponding elements in)2.61 F F1 -.3(BA)2.61 G(SH_LINENO).3 E F0
-(and)2.61 E F1 -.3(BA)2.61 G(SH_SOURCE).3 E F0 .11(to describe)2.61 F
-10.057(the call stack.)144 96 R -.15(Fo)15.057 G 12.557(ri).15 G
-(nstance,)-12.557 E F1(${FUNCN)12.557 E(AME[)-.2 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0
-SF($i)A F1(]})A F0 -.1(wa)12.557 G 12.557(sc).1 G 10.057
-(alled from the \214le)-12.557 F F1(${B)144 108 Q(ASH_SOURCE[)-.3 E F2
-($i+1)A F1(]})A F0 1.091(at line number)3.591 F F1(${B)3.591 E
-(ASH_LINENO[)-.3 E F2($i)A F1(]})A F0 6.091(.T)C(he)-6.091 E F1(caller)
-3.591 E F0 -.2(bu)3.592 G 1.092(iltin displays).2 F
-(the current call stack using this information.)144 120 Q F1(GR)108 132
-Q(OUPS)-.3 E F0 1.229(An array v)144 144 R 1.228(ariable containing the\
- list of groups of which the current user is a member)-.25 F 6.228(.A)
--.55 G(ssign-)-6.228 E .596(ments to)144 156 R/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(GR)
-3.096 E(OUPS)-.27 E F0(ha)2.847 E .897 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 3.097(oe).15 G
--.25(ff)-3.097 G .597(ect and return an error status.).25 F(If)5.597 E
-F3(GR)3.097 E(OUPS)-.27 E F0 .597(is unset, it loses its spe-)2.847 F
-(cial properties, e)144 168 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 G
-2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1(HISTCMD)108 180
-Q F0 .356(The history number)144 192 R 2.856(,o)-.4 G 2.856(ri)-2.856 G
-(nde)-2.856 E 2.856(xi)-.15 G 2.856(nt)-2.856 G .356
+-.35 E .111(This v)144 84 R .111(ariable can be used with)-.25 F/F1 10
+/Times-Bold@0 SF -.3(BA)2.611 G(SH_LINENO).3 E F0(and)2.611 E F1 -.3(BA)
+2.611 G(SH_SOURCE).3 E F0 5.111(.E)C .111(ach element of)-5.111 F F1
+(FUNC-)2.61 E -.2(NA)144 96 S(ME).2 E F0 1.404
+(has corresponding elements in)3.904 F F1 -.3(BA)3.904 G(SH_LINENO).3 E
+F0(and)3.904 E F1 -.3(BA)3.904 G(SH_SOURCE).3 E F0 1.404
+(to describe the)3.904 F .012(call stack.)144 108 R -.15(Fo)5.012 G
+2.512(ri).15 G(nstance,)-2.512 E F1(${FUNCN)2.512 E(AME[)-.2 E/F2 10
+/Times-Italic@0 SF($i)A F1(]})A F0 -.1(wa)2.512 G 2.512(sc).1 G .012
+(alled from the \214le)-2.512 F F1(${B)2.512 E(ASH_SOURCE[)-.3 E F2
+($i+1)A F1(]})A F0 1.183(at line number)144 120 R F1(${B)3.683 E
+(ASH_LINENO[)-.3 E F2($i)A F1(]})A F0 6.183(.T)C(he)-6.183 E F1(caller)
+3.683 E F0 -.2(bu)3.683 G 1.184
+(iltin displays the current call stack using).2 F(this information.)144
+132 Q F1(GR)108 144 Q(OUPS)-.3 E F0 1.229(An array v)144 156 R 1.228(ar\
+iable containing the list of groups of which the current user is a memb\
+er)-.25 F 6.228(.A)-.55 G(ssign-)-6.228 E .596(ments to)144 168 R/F3 9
+/Times-Bold@0 SF(GR)3.096 E(OUPS)-.27 E F0(ha)2.847 E .897 -.15(ve n)-.2
+H 3.097(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-3.097 G .597(ect and return an error status.)
+.25 F(If)5.597 E F3(GR)3.097 E(OUPS)-.27 E F0 .597
+(is unset, it loses its spe-)2.847 F(cial properties, e)144 180 Q -.15
+(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G
+(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1(HISTCMD)108 192 Q F0 .356
+(The history number)144 204 R 2.856(,o)-.4 G 2.856(ri)-2.856 G(nde)
+-2.856 E 2.856(xi)-.15 G 2.856(nt)-2.856 G .356
(he history list, of the current command.)-2.856 F(If)5.356 E F3
(HISTCMD)2.855 E F0 .355(is unset, it)2.605 F
-(loses its special properties, e)144 204 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G
+(loses its special properties, e)144 216 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G
2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1
-(HOSTN)108 216 Q(AME)-.2 E F0
-(Automatically set to the name of the current host.)144 228 Q F1
-(HOSTTYPE)108 240 Q F0 .222(Automatically set to a string that uniquely\
- describes the type of machine on which)144 252 R F1(bash)2.723 E F0
-.223(is e)2.723 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cut-).15 E 2.5(ing. The)144 264 R(def)
-2.5 E(ault is system-dependent.)-.1 E F1(LINENO)108 276 Q F0 1.408(Each\
+(HOSTN)108 228 Q(AME)-.2 E F0
+(Automatically set to the name of the current host.)144 240 Q F1
+(HOSTTYPE)108 252 Q F0 .222(Automatically set to a string that uniquely\
+ describes the type of machine on which)144 264 R F1(bash)2.723 E F0
+.223(is e)2.723 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cut-).15 E 2.5(ing. The)144 276 R(def)
+2.5 E(ault is system-dependent.)-.1 E F1(LINENO)108 288 Q F0 1.408(Each\
time this parameter is referenced, the shell substitutes a decimal num\
-ber representing the)144 288 R .078(current sequential line number \(st\
-arting with 1\) within a script or function.)144 300 R .079
-(When not in a script or)5.078 F .307(function, the v)144 312 R .307
+ber representing the)144 300 R .078(current sequential line number \(st\
+arting with 1\) within a script or function.)144 312 R .079
+(When not in a script or)5.078 F .307(function, the v)144 324 R .307
(alue substituted is not guaranteed to be meaningful.)-.25 F(If)5.306 E
F3(LINENO)2.806 E F0 .306(is unset, it loses its)2.556 F
-(special properties, e)144 324 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5
-G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1(MA)108 336 Q
+(special properties, e)144 336 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5
+G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1(MA)108 348 Q
(CHTYPE)-.55 E F0 .898(Automatically set to a string that fully describ\
-es the system type on which)144 348 R F1(bash)3.398 E F0 .899(is e)3.398
-F -.15(xe)-.15 G .899(cuting, in).15 F(the standard GNU)144 360 Q F2
+es the system type on which)144 360 R F1(bash)3.398 E F0 .899(is e)3.398
+F -.15(xe)-.15 G .899(cuting, in).15 F(the standard GNU)144 372 Q F2
(cpu-company-system)2.5 E F0 2.5(format. The)2.5 F(def)2.5 E
-(ault is system-dependent.)-.1 E F1(MAPFILE)108 372 Q F0 .294
-(An array v)144 384 R .294(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1(Arrays)2.794 E F0
+(ault is system-dependent.)-.1 E F1(MAPFILE)108 384 Q F0 .294
+(An array v)144 396 R .294(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1(Arrays)2.794 E F0
(belo)2.794 E .294(w\) created to hold the te)-.25 F .293
(xt read by the)-.15 F F1(map\214le)2.793 E F0 -.2(bu)2.793 G .293
-(iltin when no).2 F -.25(va)144 396 S(riable name is supplied.).25 E F1
-(OLDPWD)108 408 Q F0(The pre)144 420 Q(vious w)-.25 E
+(iltin when no).2 F -.25(va)144 408 S(riable name is supplied.).25 E F1
+(OLDPWD)108 420 Q F0(The pre)144 432 Q(vious w)-.25 E
(orking directory as set by the)-.1 E F1(cd)2.5 E F0(command.)2.5 E F1
-(OPT)108 432 Q(ARG)-.9 E F0 1.626(The v)144 444 R 1.627
+(OPT)108 444 Q(ARG)-.9 E F0 1.626(The v)144 456 R 1.627
(alue of the last option ar)-.25 F 1.627(gument processed by the)-.18 F
F1(getopts)4.127 E F0 -.2(bu)4.127 G 1.627(iltin command \(see).2 F F3
-(SHELL)4.127 E -.09(BU)144 456 S(IL).09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)
-2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(OPTIND)108 468 Q F0 1.652(The inde)144 480 R 4.152
+(SHELL)4.127 E -.09(BU)144 468 S(IL).09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)
+2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(OPTIND)108 480 Q F0 1.652(The inde)144 492 R 4.152
(xo)-.15 G 4.152(ft)-4.152 G 1.652(he ne)-4.152 F 1.652(xt ar)-.15 F
1.652(gument to be processed by the)-.18 F F1(getopts)4.151 E F0 -.2(bu)
-4.151 G 1.651(iltin command \(see).2 F F3(SHELL)4.151 E -.09(BU)144 492
+4.151 G 1.651(iltin command \(see).2 F F3(SHELL)4.151 E -.09(BU)144 504
S(IL).09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(OSTYPE)108
-504 Q F0 .329(Automatically set to a string that describes the operatin\
-g system on which)144 516 R F1(bash)2.83 E F0 .33(is e)2.83 F -.15(xe)
--.15 G 2.83(cuting. The).15 F(def)144 528 Q(ault is system-dependent.)
--.1 E F1(PIPEST)108 540 Q -.95(AT)-.9 G(US).95 E F0 .61(An array v)144
-552 R .61(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1(Arrays)3.11 E F0(belo)3.11 E .61
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+(class matches letters, digits, and the character _.)180 399.6 Q -.4(Wi)
+180 417.6 S(thin).4 E F1([)4.536 E F0(and)4.536 E F1(])4.536 E F0 4.536
(,a)C(n)-4.536 E F2 2.036(equivalence class)4.536 F F0 2.037
(can be speci\214ed using the syntax)4.536 F F1([=)4.537 E F2(c)A F1(=])
A F0 4.537(,w)C(hich)-4.537 E .125(matches all characters with the same\
- collation weight \(as de\214ned by the current locale\) as)180 405.6 R
-(the character)180 417.6 Q F2(c)2.5 E F0(.)A -.4(Wi)180 435.6 S(thin).4
+ collation weight \(as de\214ned by the current locale\) as)180 429.6 R
+(the character)180 441.6 Q F2(c)2.5 E F0(.)A -.4(Wi)180 459.6 S(thin).4
E F1([)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F1(])2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(he syntax)-2.5 E F1([.)
2.5 E F2(symbol)A F1(.])A F0(matches the collating symbol)2.5 E F2
-(symbol)2.5 E F0(.)A .704(If the)108 452.4 R F1(extglob)3.204 E F0 .705
+(symbol)2.5 E F0(.)A .704(If the)108 476.4 R F1(extglob)3.204 E F0 .705
(shell option is enabled using the)3.204 F F1(shopt)3.205 E F0 -.2(bu)
3.205 G .705(iltin, se).2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .705(ral e).15 F .705
(xtended pattern matching operators)-.15 F .256(are recognized.)108
-464.4 R .256(In the follo)5.256 F .256(wing description, a)-.25 F F2
+488.4 R .256(In the follo)5.256 F .256(wing description, a)-.25 F F2
(pattern-list)2.755 E F0 .255
(is a list of one or more patterns separated by a)2.755 F F1(|)2.755 E
F0(.)A(Composite patterns may be formed using one or more of the follo)
-108 476.4 Q(wing sub-patterns:)-.25 E F1(?\()144 500.4 Q F2
+108 500.4 Q(wing sub-patterns:)-.25 E F1(?\()144 524.4 Q F2
(pattern-list).833 E F1(\)).833 E F0
-(Matches zero or one occurrence of the gi)180 512.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5
-(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(*\()144 524.4 Q F2(pattern-list).833 E F1
-(\)).833 E F0(Matches zero or more occurrences of the gi)180 536.4 Q
--.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(+\()144 548.4 Q F2
+(Matches zero or one occurrence of the gi)180 536.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5
+(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(*\()144 548.4 Q F2(pattern-list).833 E F1
+(\)).833 E F0(Matches zero or more occurrences of the gi)180 560.4 Q
+-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(+\()144 572.4 Q F2
(pattern-list).833 E F1(\)).833 E F0
-(Matches one or more occurrences of the gi)180 560.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
-2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(@\()144 572.4 Q F2(pattern-list).833 E F1
-(\)).833 E F0(Matches one of the gi)180 584.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np)
-.15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(!\()144 596.4 Q F2(pattern-list).833 E F1(\))
-.833 E F0(Matches an)180 608.4 Q(ything e)-.15 E(xcept one of the gi)
--.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(Quote Remo)87 625.2
-Q -.1(va)-.1 G(l).1 E F0 1.112(After the preceding e)108 637.2 R 1.112
+(Matches one or more occurrences of the gi)180 584.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
+2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(@\()144 596.4 Q F2(pattern-list).833 E F1
+(\)).833 E F0(Matches one of the gi)180 608.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np)
+.15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(!\()144 620.4 Q F2(pattern-list).833 E F1(\))
+.833 E F0(Matches an)180 632.4 Q(ything e)-.15 E(xcept one of the gi)
+-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(Quote Remo)87 649.2
+Q -.1(va)-.1 G(l).1 E F0 1.112(After the preceding e)108 661.2 R 1.112
(xpansions, all unquoted occurrences of the characters)-.15 F F1(\\)
3.613 E F0(,)A F1<08>3.613 E F0 3.613(,a)C(nd)-3.613 E F1(")4.446 E F0
-1.113(that did not result)4.446 F(from one of the abo)108 649.2 Q .3
+1.113(that did not result)4.446 F(from one of the abo)108 673.2 Q .3
-.15(ve ex)-.15 H(pansions are remo).15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E/F4
-10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(REDIRECTION)72 666 Q F0 .545
-(Before a command is e)108 678 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .545
+10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(REDIRECTION)72 690 Q F0 .545
+(Before a command is e)108 702 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .545
(cuted, its input and output may be).15 F F2 -.37(re)3.045 G(dir).37 E
(ected)-.37 E F0 .545(using a special notation interpreted)3.815 F .616
-(by the shell.)108 690 R .617(Redirection may also be used to open and \
+(by the shell.)108 714 R .617(Redirection may also be used to open and \
close \214les for the current shell e)5.616 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .617
-(cution en).15 F(viron-)-.4 E 3.275(ment. The)108 702 R(follo)3.275 E
+(cution en).15 F(viron-)-.4 E 3.275(ment. The)108 726 R(follo)3.275 E
.774(wing redirection operators may precede or appear an)-.25 F .774
(ywhere within a)-.15 F F2 .774(simple command)3.614 F F0(or)4.044 E
-(may follo)108 714 Q 2.5(wa)-.25 G F2(command)A F0 5(.R).77 G
-(edirections are processed in the order the)-5 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(ppear)
--2.5 E 2.5(,f)-.4 G(rom left to right.)-2.5 E .771(Each redirection tha\
-t may be preceded by a \214le descriptor number may instead be preceded\
- by a w)108 730.8 R .772(ord of)-.1 F(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q
-(2011 April 11)146.785 E(23)195.945 E 0 Cg EP
+(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2011 July 7)151.505 E(23)200.665 E 0 Cg EP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E .293(the form {)108 84 R/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(varname)A F0
-2.793(}. In)B .293(this case, for each redirection operator e)2.793 F
-.293(xcept >&- and <&-, the shell will allocate)-.15 F 3.498<618c>108 96
+-.35 E(may follo)108 84 Q 2.5(wa)-.25 G/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(command)
+A F0 5(.R).77 G(edirections are processed in the order the)-5 E 2.5(ya)
+-.15 G(ppear)-2.5 E 2.5(,f)-.4 G(rom left to right.)-2.5 E .771(Each re\
+direction that may be preceded by a \214le descriptor number may instea\
+d be preceded by a w)108 100.8 R .772(ord of)-.1 F .293(the form {)108
+112.8 R F1(varname)A F0 2.793(}. In)B .293
+(this case, for each redirection operator e)2.793 F .293
+(xcept >&- and <&-, the shell will allocate)-.15 F 3.498<618c>108 124.8
S .999(le descriptor greater than 10 and assign it to)-3.498 F F1
(varname)3.499 E F0 5.999(.I)C 3.499(f>)-5.999 G .999
(&- or <&- is preceded by {)-3.499 F F1(varname)A F0 .999(}, the)B -.25
-(va)108 108 S(lue of).25 E F1(varname)2.5 E F0
+(va)108 136.8 S(lue of).25 E F1(varname)2.5 E F0
(de\214nes the \214le descriptor to close.)2.5 E .284(In the follo)108
-124.8 R .283(wing descriptions, if the \214le descriptor number is omit\
+153.6 R .283(wing descriptions, if the \214le descriptor number is omit\
ted, and the \214rst character of the redirect-)-.25 F .512
-(ion operator is)108 136.8 R/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(<)3.012 E F0 3.012
+(ion operator is)108 165.6 R/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(<)3.012 E F0 3.012
(,t)C .512
(he redirection refers to the standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\).)
-3.012 F .512(If the \214rst character of the)5.512 F
-(redirection operator is)108 148.8 Q F2(>)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C
+(redirection operator is)108 177.6 Q F2(>)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C
(he redirection refers to the standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\).)
--2.5 E .825(The w)108 165.6 R .825(ord follo)-.1 F .824
+-2.5 E .825(The w)108 194.4 R .825(ord follo)-.1 F .824
(wing the redirection operator in the follo)-.25 F .824
(wing descriptions, unless otherwise noted, is sub-)-.25 F .772
-(jected to brace e)108 177.6 R .773(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .773
+(jected to brace e)108 206.4 R .773(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .773
(xpansion, parameter e)-.15 F .773
(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic e)-.15 F(xpan-)-.15 E .844
-(sion, quote remo)108 189.6 R -.25(va)-.15 G .843(l, pathname e).25 F
+(sion, quote remo)108 218.4 R -.25(va)-.15 G .843(l, pathname e).25 F
.843(xpansion, and w)-.15 F .843(ord splitting.)-.1 F .843(If it e)5.843
F .843(xpands to more than one w)-.15 F(ord,)-.1 E F2(bash)3.343 E F0
-(reports an error)108 201.6 Q(.)-.55 E
-(Note that the order of redirections is signi\214cant.)108 218.4 Q -.15
-(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample, the command)-2.65 E(ls)144 235.2 Q F2(>)2.5
-E F0(dirlist 2)2.5 E F2(>&)A F0(1)A
-(directs both standard output and standard error to the \214le)108 252 Q
-F1(dirlist)2.5 E F0 2.5(,w).68 G(hile the command)-2.5 E(ls 2)144 268.8
-Q F2(>&)A F0(1)A F2(>)2.5 E F0(dirlist)2.5 E .527
-(directs only the standard output to \214le)108 285.6 R F1(dirlist)3.027
+(reports an error)108 230.4 Q(.)-.55 E
+(Note that the order of redirections is signi\214cant.)108 247.2 Q -.15
+(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample, the command)-2.65 E(ls)144 264 Q F2(>)2.5 E
+F0(dirlist 2)2.5 E F2(>&)A F0(1)A
+(directs both standard output and standard error to the \214le)108 280.8
+Q F1(dirlist)2.5 E F0 2.5(,w).68 G(hile the command)-2.5 E(ls 2)144
+297.6 Q F2(>&)A F0(1)A F2(>)2.5 E F0(dirlist)2.5 E .527
+(directs only the standard output to \214le)108 314.4 R F1(dirlist)3.027
E F0 3.027(,b).68 G .527(ecause the standard error w)-3.027 F .527
(as duplicated from the standard)-.1 F
-(output before the standard output w)108 297.6 Q(as redirected to)-.1 E
-F1(dirlist)2.5 E F0(.).68 E F2(Bash)108 314.4 Q F0 .599(handles se)3.099
+(output before the standard output w)108 326.4 Q(as redirected to)-.1 E
+F1(dirlist)2.5 E F0(.).68 E F2(Bash)108 343.2 Q F0 .599(handles se)3.099
F -.15(ve)-.25 G .599(ral \214lenames specially when the).15 F 3.099(ya)
-.15 G .598(re used in redirections, as described in the follo)-3.099 F
-(wing)-.25 E(table:)108 326.4 Q F2(/de)144 343.2 Q(v/fd/)-.15 E F1(fd)A
-F0(If)180 355.2 Q F1(fd)2.5 E F0(is a v)2.5 E(alid inte)-.25 E(ger)-.15
-E 2.5<2c8c>-.4 G(le descriptor)-2.5 E F1(fd)2.5 E F0(is duplicated.)2.5
-E F2(/de)144 367.2 Q(v/stdin)-.15 E F0(File descriptor 0 is duplicated.)
-180 379.2 Q F2(/de)144 391.2 Q(v/stdout)-.15 E F0
-(File descriptor 1 is duplicated.)180 403.2 Q F2(/de)144 415.2 Q
-(v/stderr)-.15 E F0(File descriptor 2 is duplicated.)180 427.2 Q F2(/de)
-144 439.2 Q(v/tcp/)-.15 E F1(host)A F2(/)A F1(port)A F0(If)180 451.2 Q
-F1(host)2.996 E F0 .496(is a v)2.996 F .496
-(alid hostname or Internet address, and)-.25 F F1(port)2.997 E F0 .497
-(is an inte)2.997 F .497(ger port number or ser)-.15 F(-)-.2 E
-(vice name,)180 463.2 Q F2(bash)2.5 E F0
-(attempts to open a TCP connection to the corresponding sock)2.5 E(et.)
--.1 E F2(/de)144 475.2 Q(v/udp/)-.15 E F1(host)A F2(/)A F1(port)A F0(If)
-180 487.2 Q F1(host)2.997 E F0 .497(is a v)2.997 F .497
+(wing)-.25 E(table:)108 355.2 Q F2(/de)144 372 Q(v/fd/)-.15 E F1(fd)A F0
+(If)180 384 Q F1(fd)2.5 E F0(is a v)2.5 E(alid inte)-.25 E(ger)-.15 E
+2.5<2c8c>-.4 G(le descriptor)-2.5 E F1(fd)2.5 E F0(is duplicated.)2.5 E
+F2(/de)144 396 Q(v/stdin)-.15 E F0(File descriptor 0 is duplicated.)180
+408 Q F2(/de)144 420 Q(v/stdout)-.15 E F0
+(File descriptor 1 is duplicated.)180 432 Q F2(/de)144 444 Q(v/stderr)
+-.15 E F0(File descriptor 2 is duplicated.)180 456 Q F2(/de)144 468 Q
+(v/tcp/)-.15 E F1(host)A F2(/)A F1(port)A F0(If)180 480 Q F1(host)2.996
+E F0 .496(is a v)2.996 F .496(alid hostname or Internet address, and)
+-.25 F F1(port)2.997 E F0 .497(is an inte)2.997 F .497
+(ger port number or ser)-.15 F(-)-.2 E(vice name,)180 492 Q F2(bash)2.5
+E F0(attempts to open a TCP connection to the corresponding sock)2.5 E
+(et.)-.1 E F2(/de)144 504 Q(v/udp/)-.15 E F1(host)A F2(/)A F1(port)A F0
+(If)180 516 Q F1(host)2.997 E F0 .497(is a v)2.997 F .497
(alid hostname or Internet address, and)-.25 F F1(port)2.996 E F0 .496
(is an inte)2.996 F .496(ger port number or ser)-.15 F(-)-.2 E
-(vice name,)180 499.2 Q F2(bash)2.5 E F0
+(vice name,)180 528 Q F2(bash)2.5 E F0
(attempts to open a UDP connection to the corresponding sock)2.5 E(et.)
--.1 E 2.5(Af)108 516 S
+-.1 E 2.5(Af)108 544.8 S
(ailure to open or create a \214le causes the redirection to f)-2.6 E
(ail.)-.1 E .946(Redirections using \214le descriptors greater than 9 s\
-hould be used with care, as the)108 532.8 R 3.447(ym)-.15 G .947
+hould be used with care, as the)108 561.6 R 3.447(ym)-.15 G .947
(ay con\215ict with \214le)-3.447 F
-(descriptors the shell uses internally)108 544.8 Q(.)-.65 E F2(Redir)87
-561.6 Q(ecting Input)-.18 E F0 .391
+(descriptors the shell uses internally)108 573.6 Q(.)-.65 E F2(Redir)87
+590.4 Q(ecting Input)-.18 E F0 .391
(Redirection of input causes the \214le whose name results from the e)
-108 573.6 R .391(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)3.231 E(d)-.37 E F0 .391
-(to be opened for read-)3.661 F(ing on \214le descriptor)108 585.6 Q F1
+108 602.4 R .391(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)3.231 E(d)-.37 E F0 .391
+(to be opened for read-)3.661 F(ing on \214le descriptor)108 614.4 Q F1
(n)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o).24 G 2.5(rt)-2.5 G
(he standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) if)-2.5 E F1(n)2.86 E F0
(is not speci\214ed.)2.74 E
-(The general format for redirecting input is:)108 602.4 Q([)144 619.2 Q
-F1(n)A F0(])A F2(<)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F2(Redir)87 636 Q(ecting Output)
+(The general format for redirecting input is:)108 631.2 Q([)144 648 Q F1
+(n)A F0(])A F2(<)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F2(Redir)87 664.8 Q(ecting Output)
-.18 E F0 .174
(Redirection of output causes the \214le whose name results from the e)
-108 648 R .175(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)3.015 E(d)-.37 E F0 .175
-(to be opened for writ-)3.445 F .825(ing on \214le descriptor)108 660 R
-F1(n)3.325 E F0 3.325(,o).24 G 3.325(rt)-3.325 G .824
+108 676.8 R .175(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)3.015 E(d)-.37 E F0 .175
+(to be opened for writ-)3.445 F .825(ing on \214le descriptor)108 688.8
+R F1(n)3.325 E F0 3.325(,o).24 G 3.325(rt)-3.325 G .824
(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-3.325 F F1(n)3.684 E F0
.824(is not speci\214ed.)3.564 F .824(If the \214le does not)5.824 F
--.15(ex)108 672 S(ist it is created; if it does e).15 E
+-.15(ex)108 700.8 S(ist it is created; if it does e).15 E
(xist it is truncated to zero size.)-.15 E
-(The general format for redirecting output is:)108 688.8 Q([)144 705.6 Q
-F1(n)A F0(])A F2(>)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .154
-(If the redirection operator is)108 722.4 R F2(>)2.654 E F0 2.654(,a)C
-.154(nd the)-2.654 F F2(noclob)2.654 E(ber)-.1 E F0 .154(option to the)
-2.654 F F2(set)2.655 E F0 -.2(bu)2.655 G .155
-(iltin has been enabled, the redirection).2 F(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q
-(2011 April 11)146.785 E(24)195.945 E 0 Cg EP
+(The general format for redirecting output is:)108 717.6 Q(GNU Bash 4.2)
+72 768 Q(2011 July 7)151.505 E(24)200.665 E 0 Cg EP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E .658(will f)108 84 R .658
-(ail if the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F .658(xpansion of)
--.15 F/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(wor)3.158 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.158 G
-.657(ists and is a re).15 F .657(gular \214le.)-.15 F .657(If the redi-)
-5.657 F .408(rection operator is)108 96 R/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(>|)2.909
-E F0 2.909(,o)C 2.909(rt)-2.909 G .409(he redirection operator is)-2.909
-F F2(>)2.909 E F0 .409(and the)2.909 F F2(noclob)2.909 E(ber)-.1 E F0
-.409(option to the)2.909 F F2(set)2.909 E F0 -.2(bu)2.909 G .409
+-.35 E([)144 84 Q/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0(])A/F2 10/Times-Bold@0
+SF(>)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .154(If the redirection operator is)108
+100.8 R F2(>)2.654 E F0 2.654(,a)C .154(nd the)-2.654 F F2(noclob)2.654
+E(ber)-.1 E F0 .154(option to the)2.654 F F2(set)2.655 E F0 -.2(bu)2.655
+G .155(iltin has been enabled, the redirection).2 F .658(will f)108
+112.8 R .658(ail if the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F .658
+(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)3.158 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.158 G .657
+(ists and is a re).15 F .657(gular \214le.)-.15 F .657(If the redi-)
+5.657 F .408(rection operator is)108 124.8 R F2(>|)2.909 E F0 2.909(,o)C
+2.909(rt)-2.909 G .409(he redirection operator is)-2.909 F F2(>)2.909 E
+F0 .409(and the)2.909 F F2(noclob)2.909 E(ber)-.1 E F0 .409
+(option to the)2.909 F F2(set)2.909 E F0 -.2(bu)2.909 G .409
(iltin command).2 F(is not enabled, the redirection is attempted e)108
-108 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he \214le named by)-2.5
-E F1(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists.).15 E F2 -.25(Ap)87 124.8
-S(pending Redir).25 E(ected Output)-.18 E F0 .642
-(Redirection of output in this f)108 136.8 R .642
+136.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he \214le named by)
+-2.5 E F1(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists.).15 E F2 -.25(Ap)87
+153.6 S(pending Redir).25 E(ected Output)-.18 E F0 .642
+(Redirection of output in this f)108 165.6 R .642
(ashion causes the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F .641
(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)3.481 E(d)-.37 E F0 .641(to be)3.911 F .473
-(opened for appending on \214le descriptor)108 148.8 R F1(n)2.973 E F0
+(opened for appending on \214le descriptor)108 177.6 R F1(n)2.973 E F0
2.974(,o).24 G 2.974(rt)-2.974 G .474
(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.974 F F1(n)3.334 E F0
.474(is not speci\214ed.)3.214 F(If)5.474 E(the \214le does not e)108
-160.8 Q(xist it is created.)-.15 E
-(The general format for appending output is:)108 177.6 Q([)144 194.4 Q
-F1(n)A F0(])A F2(>>)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F2(Redir)87 216 Q
+189.6 Q(xist it is created.)-.15 E
+(The general format for appending output is:)108 206.4 Q([)144 223.2 Q
+F1(n)A F0(])A F2(>>)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F2(Redir)87 244.8 Q
(ecting Standard Output and Standard Err)-.18 E(or)-.18 E F0 .249
-(This construct allo)108 228 R .249(ws both the standard output \(\214l\
-e descriptor 1\) and the standard error output \(\214le descrip-)-.25 F
-(tor 2\) to be redirected to the \214le whose name is the e)108 240 Q
-(xpansion of)-.15 E F1(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0(.).77 E(There are tw)108
-256.8 Q 2.5(of)-.1 G
+(This construct allo)108 256.8 R .249(ws both the standard output \(\
+\214le descriptor 1\) and the standard error output \(\214le descrip-)
+-.25 F(tor 2\) to be redirected to the \214le whose name is the e)108
+268.8 Q(xpansion of)-.15 E F1(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0(.).77 E
+(There are tw)108 285.6 Q 2.5(of)-.1 G
(ormats for redirecting standard output and standard error:)-2.5 E F2
-(&>)144 273.6 Q F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(and)108 285.6 Q F2(>&)144 297.6 Q
-F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(Of the tw)108 314.4 Q 2.5(of)-.1 G
+(&>)144 302.4 Q F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(and)108 314.4 Q F2(>&)144 326.4 Q
+F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(Of the tw)108 343.2 Q 2.5(of)-.1 G
(orms, the \214rst is preferred.)-2.5 E(This is semantically equi)5 E
--.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F2(>)144 331.2 Q F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(2)2.5
-E F2(>&)A F0(1)A(\(see)108 348 Q F2(Duplicating File Descriptors)2.5 E
-F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F2 -.25(Ap)87 364.8 S
+-.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F2(>)144 360 Q F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(2)2.5 E
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+F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F2 -.25(Ap)87 393.6 S
(pending Standard Output and Standard Err).25 E(or)-.18 E F0 .248
-(This construct allo)108 376.8 R .249(ws both the standard output \(\
+(This construct allo)108 405.6 R .249(ws both the standard output \(\
\214le descriptor 1\) and the standard error output \(\214le descrip-)
-.25 F(tor 2\) to be appended to the \214le whose name is the e)108
-388.8 Q(xpansion of)-.15 E F1(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0(.).77 E
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(The format for appending standard output and standard error is:)108
-405.6 Q F2(&>>)144 422.4 Q F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0
-(This is semantically equi)108 439.2 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F2
-(>>)144 456 Q F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(2)2.5 E F2(>&)A F0(1)A(\(see)108
-472.8 Q F2(Duplicating File Descriptors)2.5 E F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E
-F2(Her)87 489.6 Q 2.5(eD)-.18 G(ocuments)-2.5 E F0 .33(This type of red\
-irection instructs the shell to read input from the current source unti\
-l a line containing only)108 501.6 R F1(delimiter)108.35 513.6 Q F0 .614
+434.4 Q F2(&>>)144 451.2 Q F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0
+(This is semantically equi)108 468 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F2(>>)
+144 484.8 Q F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(2)2.5 E F2(>&)A F0(1)A(\(see)108 501.6
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+(Her)87 518.4 Q 2.5(eD)-.18 G(ocuments)-2.5 E F0 .33(This type of redir\
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+a line containing only)108 530.4 R F1(delimiter)108.35 542.4 Q F0 .614
(\(with no trailing blanks\) is seen.)3.844 F .615
(All of the lines read up to that point are then used as the stan-)5.615
-F(dard input for a command.)108 525.6 Q
-(The format of here-documents is:)108 542.4 Q F2(<<)144 559.2 Q F0([)A
-F2<ad>A F0(])A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E(her)164 571.2 Q(e-document)-.37 E
-(delimiter)144 583.2 Q F0 .128(No parameter e)108 600 R .127
+F(dard input for a command.)108 554.4 Q
+(The format of here-documents is:)108 571.2 Q F2(<<)144 588 Q F0([)A F2
+<ad>A F0(])A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E(her)164 600 Q(e-document)-.37 E
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(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic e)-.15 F .127
(xpansion, or pathname e)-.15 F .127(xpansion is performed)-.15 F(on)108
-612 Q F1(wor)3.274 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.774(.I).77 G 3.274(fa)-5.774 G 1.074
--.15(ny c)-3.274 H .774(haracters in).15 F F1(wor)3.614 E(d)-.37 E F0
-.774(are quoted, the)4.044 F F1(delimiter)3.624 E F0 .774
+640.8 Q F1(wor)3.274 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.774(.I).77 G 3.274(fa)-5.774 G
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(is the result of quote remo)4.004 F -.25(va)-.15 G 3.275(lo).25 G(n)
-3.275 E F1(wor)3.275 E(d)-.37 E F0 3.275(,a).77 G(nd)-3.275 E .905
-(the lines in the here-document are not e)108 624 R 3.405(xpanded. If)
+(the lines in the here-document are not e)108 652.8 R 3.405(xpanded. If)
-.15 F F1(wor)3.405 E(d)-.37 E F0 .904
(is unquoted, all lines of the here-document are)3.405 F .694
-(subjected to parameter e)108 636 R .695
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(xpansion, command substitution, and arithmetic e)-.15 F 3.195
(xpansion. In)-.15 F .695(the latter case, the)3.195 F
-(character sequence)108 648 Q F2(\\<newline>)2.5 E F0(is ignored, and)
+(character sequence)108 676.8 Q F2(\\<newline>)2.5 E F0(is ignored, and)
2.5 E F2(\\)2.5 E F0(must be used to quote the characters)2.5 E F2(\\)
2.5 E F0(,)A F2($)2.5 E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd)-2.5 E F2<92>2.5 E F0(.)A .602
-(If the redirection operator is)108 664.8 R F2(<<\255)3.101 E F0 3.101
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(,t)C .601(hen all leading tab characters are stripped from input lines\
- and the line)-3.101 F(containing)108 676.8 Q F1(delimiter)2.5 E F0 5
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(.T).73 G(his allo)-5 E
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--.25 E(ashion.)-.1 E F2(Her)87 693.6 Q 2.5(eS)-.18 G(trings)-2.5 E F0
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-(is e)3.115 F .615(xpanded as described abo)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.116
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(supplied as a single string to the command on its standard input.)108
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-(The redirection operator)108 124.8 Q([)144 141.6 Q F1(n)A F0(])A F2(<&)
-A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .127
-(is used to duplicate input \214le descriptors.)108 158.4 R(If)5.127 E
-F1(wor)2.967 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.397 G .126
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+(The redirection operator)108 170.4 Q([)144 187.2 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<&)
+A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .127
+(is used to duplicate input \214le descriptors.)108 204 R(If)5.127 E F2
+(wor)2.967 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.397 G .126
(pands to one or more digits, the \214le descriptor denoted).15 F(by)108
-170.4 Q F1(n)3.317 E F0 .457(is made to be a cop)3.197 F 2.957(yo)-.1 G
+216 Q F2(n)3.317 E F0 .457(is made to be a cop)3.197 F 2.957(yo)-.1 G
2.957(ft)-2.957 G .457(hat \214le descriptor)-2.957 F 5.457(.I)-.55 G
-2.957(ft)-5.457 G .457(he digits in)-2.957 F F1(wor)3.298 E(d)-.37 E F0
+2.957(ft)-5.457 G .457(he digits in)-2.957 F F2(wor)3.298 E(d)-.37 E F0
.458(do not specify a \214le descriptor open)3.728 F .15
-(for input, a redirection error occurs.)108 182.4 R(If)5.15 E F1(wor)
-2.99 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.42 G .15(luates to).25 F F2<ad>2.65 E F0
-2.649<2c8c>C .149(le descriptor)-2.649 F F1(n)3.009 E F0 .149
-(is closed.)2.889 F(If)5.149 E F1(n)3.009 E F0 .149(is not speci\214ed,)
-2.889 F(the standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) is used.)108 194.4 Q
-(The operator)108 211.2 Q([)144 228 Q F1(n)A F0(])A F2(>&)A F1(wor)A(d)
--.37 E F0 .443
-(is used similarly to duplicate output \214le descriptors.)108 244.8 R
-(If)5.443 E F1(n)3.304 E F0 .444
+(for input, a redirection error occurs.)108 228 R(If)5.15 E F2(wor)2.99
+E(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.42 G .15(luates to).25 F F1<ad>2.65 E F0 2.649
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+(the standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) is used.)108 240 Q
+(The operator)108 256.8 Q([)144 273.6 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>&)A F2(wor)A
+(d)-.37 E F0 .443
+(is used similarly to duplicate output \214le descriptors.)108 290.4 R
+(If)5.443 E F2(n)3.304 E F0 .444
(is not speci\214ed, the standard output \(\214le descrip-)3.184 F 1.358
-(tor 1\) is used.)108 256.8 R 1.358(If the digits in)6.358 F F1(wor)
+(tor 1\) is used.)108 302.4 R 1.358(If the digits in)6.358 F F2(wor)
4.198 E(d)-.37 E F0 1.357(do not specify a \214le descriptor open for o\
-utput, a redirection error)4.628 F 2.596(occurs. As)108 268.8 R 2.596
-(as)2.596 G .096(pecial case, if)-2.596 F F1(n)2.596 E F0 .096
-(is omitted, and)2.596 F F1(wor)2.596 E(d)-.37 E F0 .096(does not e)
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+(is omitted, and)2.596 F F2(wor)2.596 E(d)-.37 E F0 .096(does not e)
2.596 F .096(xpand to one or more digits, the standard out-)-.15 F
-(put and standard error are redirected as described pre)108 280.8 Q
-(viously)-.25 E(.)-.65 E F2(Mo)87 297.6 Q(ving File Descriptors)-.1 E F0
-(The redirection operator)108 309.6 Q([)144 326.4 Q F1(n)A F0(])A F2(<&)
-A F1(digit)A F2<ad>A F0(mo)108 343.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.036(st).15 G
-.536(he \214le descriptor)-3.036 F F1(digit)3.036 E F0 .536
-(to \214le descriptor)3.036 F F1(n)3.036 E F0 3.036(,o).24 G 3.036(rt)
--3.036 G .535(he standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) if)-3.036 F F1
-(n)3.035 E F0 .535(is not speci-)3.035 F(\214ed.)108 355.2 Q F1(digit)5
-E F0(is closed after being duplicated to)2.5 E F1(n)2.5 E F0(.)A
-(Similarly)108 372 Q 2.5(,t)-.65 G(he redirection operator)-2.5 E([)144
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-(ve)-.15 G 2.785(st).15 G .285(he \214le descriptor)-2.785 F F1(digit)
-2.785 E F0 .285(to \214le descriptor)2.785 F F1(n)2.785 E F0 2.785(,o)
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-(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.785 F F1(n)2.786 E F0
-.286(is not speci-)2.786 F(\214ed.)108 417.6 Q F2
-(Opening File Descriptors f)87 434.4 Q(or Reading and Writing)-.25 E F0
-(The redirection operator)108 446.4 Q([)144 463.2 Q F1(n)A F0(])A F2(<>)
-A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 1.349(causes the \214le whose name is the e)108
-480 R 1.349(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)4.189 E(d)-.37 E F0 1.349
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+(viously)-.25 E(.)-.65 E F1(Mo)87 343.2 Q(ving File Descriptors)-.1 E F0
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+(he \214le descriptor)-3.036 F F2(digit)3.036 E F0 .536
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+(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.785 F F2(n)2.786 E F0
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(to be opened for both reading and writing on \214le)4.619 F(descriptor)
-108 492 Q F1(n)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o).24 G 2.5(ro)-2.5 G 2.5<6e8c>-2.5 G
-(le descriptor 0 if)-2.5 E F1(n)2.86 E F0(is not speci\214ed.)2.74 E
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+(le descriptor 0 if)-2.5 E F2(n)2.86 E F0(is not speci\214ed.)2.74 E
(If the \214le does not e)5 E(xist, it is created.)-.15 E/F3 10.95
-/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)72 508.8 Q F1(Aliases)108 520.8 Q F0(allo)3.173
+/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)72 554.4 Q F2(Aliases)108 566.4 Q F0(allo)3.173
E 3.173(was)-.25 G .674(tring to be substituted for a w)-3.173 F .674
(ord when it is used as the \214rst w)-.1 F .674
(ord of a simple command.)-.1 F .394(The shell maintains a list of alia\
-ses that may be set and unset with the)108 532.8 R F2(alias)2.893 E F0
-(and)2.893 E F2(unalias)2.893 E F0 -.2(bu)2.893 G .393(iltin commands).2
-F(\(see)108 544.8 Q/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.979(SHELL B)4.479 F(UIL)-.09
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E 1.979(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)4.229 E 4.48(w\). The)-.25 F 1.98
(\214rst w)4.48 F 1.98(ord of each simple command, if unquoted, is)-.1 F
-(check)108 556.8 Q .473(ed to see if it has an alias.)-.1 F .473
+(check)108 602.4 Q .473(ed to see if it has an alias.)-.1 F .473
(If so, that w)5.473 F .472(ord is replaced by the te)-.1 F .472
-(xt of the alias.)-.15 F .472(The characters)5.472 F F2(/)2.972 E F0(,)A
-F2($)2.972 E F0(,)A F2<92>2.972 E F0(,)A(and)108 568.8 Q F2(=)3.611 E F0
+(xt of the alias.)-.15 F .472(The characters)5.472 F F1(/)2.972 E F0(,)A
+F1($)2.972 E F0(,)A F1<92>2.972 E F0(,)A(and)108 614.4 Q F1(=)3.611 E F0
1.111(and an)3.611 F 3.611(yo)-.15 G 3.611(ft)-3.611 G 1.111(he shell)
--3.611 F F1(metac)3.612 E(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.112
+-3.611 F F2(metac)3.612 E(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.112
(or quoting characters listed abo)3.612 F 1.412 -.15(ve m)-.15 H 1.112
-(ay not appear in an alias).15 F 3.62(name. The)108 580.8 R 1.12
+(ay not appear in an alias).15 F 3.62(name. The)108 626.4 R 1.12
(replacement te)3.62 F 1.119(xt may contain an)-.15 F 3.619(yv)-.15 G
1.119(alid shell input, including shell metacharacters.)-3.869 F 1.119
-(The \214rst)6.119 F -.1(wo)108 592.8 S .513(rd of the replacement te).1
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(ord that is identical to an alias being e)-.1 F .514(xpanded is)-.15 F
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-(This means that one may alias)5.296 F F2(ls)2.796 E F0(to)2.796 E F2
-.296(ls \255F)2.796 F F0 2.796(,f)C .295(or instance, and)-2.796 F F2
-(bash)2.795 E F0 .295(does not try)2.795 F .542(to recursi)108 616.8 R
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-.15(ve)-.25 G .542(ly e).15 F .542(xpand the replacement te)-.15 F
3.042(xt. If)-.15 F .543(the last character of the alias v)3.042 F .543
-(alue is a)-.25 F F1(blank)3.043 E F0 3.043(,t).67 G .543(hen the ne)
--3.043 F(xt)-.15 E(command w)108 628.8 Q(ord follo)-.1 E
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(wing the alias is also check)-.25 E(ed for alias e)-.1 E(xpansion.)-.15
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-(command, and remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(dw).15 G(ith the)-2.5 E F2
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+(command, and remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(dw).15 G(ith the)-2.5 E F1
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-(There is no mechanism for using ar)108 662.4 R .284
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(he commands on that line.)-2.838 F .338(Aliases are e)5.338 F .338
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+(xpanded when)-.15 F 3.404(ac)108 136.8 S .904
(ommand is read, not when it is e)-3.404 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.404
(cuted. Therefore,).15 F .904
(an alias de\214nition appearing on the same line as)3.404 F 1.161
-(another command does not tak)108 108 R 3.662(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-3.662 G
-1.162(ect until the ne).25 F 1.162(xt line of input is read.)-.15 F
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+G 1.162(ect until the ne).25 F 1.162(xt line of input is read.)-.15 F
1.162(The commands follo)6.162 F 1.162(wing the)-.25 F .277
-(alias de\214nition on that line are not af)108 120 R .277
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(fected by the ne)-.25 F 2.777(wa)-.25 G 2.777(lias. This)-2.777 F(beha)
2.777 E .277(vior is also an issue when functions)-.2 F .698(are e)108
-132 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.198(cuted. Aliases).15 F .698(are e)3.198 F .699
-(xpanded when a function de\214nition is read, not when the function is\
- e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted,).15 E .495
-(because a function de\214nition is itself a compound command.)108 144 R
-.494(As a consequence, aliases de\214ned in a func-)5.494 F .084
-(tion are not a)108 156 R -.25(va)-.2 G .084
+172.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.198(cuted. Aliases).15 F .698(are e)3.198 F
+.699(xpanded when a function de\214nition is read, not when the functio\
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+(because a function de\214nition is itself a compound command.)108 184.8
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+(tion are not a)108 196.8 R -.25(va)-.2 G .084
(ilable until after that function is e).25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.584
(cuted. T).15 F 2.584(ob)-.8 G 2.584(es)-2.584 G .084(afe, al)-2.584 F
-.1(wa)-.1 G .085(ys put alias de\214nitions on a sepa-).1 F
-(rate line, and do not use)108 168 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(alias)2.5 E
-F0(in compound commands.)2.5 E -.15(Fo)108 184.8 S 2.5(ra).15 G(lmost e)
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+(in compound commands.)2.5 E -.15(Fo)108 225.6 S 2.5(ra).15 G(lmost e)
-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(ry purpose, aliases are superseded by shell functions.).15 E/F2 10.95
-/Times-Bold@0 SF(FUNCTIONS)72 201.6 Q F0 3.468(As)108 213.6 S .968
+(ry purpose, aliases are superseded by shell functions.).15 E/F3 10.95
+/Times-Bold@0 SF(FUNCTIONS)72 242.4 Q F0 3.468(As)108 254.4 S .968
(hell function, de\214ned as described abo)-3.468 F 1.267 -.15(ve u)-.15
-H(nder).15 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .967(SHELL GRAMMAR)3.467 F/F4 9
-/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 .967(stores a series of commands for)3.217 F
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-(the name of a shell function is used as a simple command name, the lis\
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--.15(xe)-.15 G .315(cuted in the conte).15 F .315(xt of the current)-.15
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+(mands associated with that function name is e)108 278.4 R -.15(xe)-.15
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+(cuted in the conte).15 F .315(xt of the current)-.15 F .035
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(rocess is created to interpret them \(contrast this with the e)-2.535 F
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.639
(guments to the function become the positional parameters during its e)
--.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cution.).15 E .532(The special parameter)108 273.6
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R F1(#)3.032 E F0 .532(is updated to re\215ect the change.)3.032 F .532
(Special parameter)5.532 F F1(0)3.033 E F0 .533(is unchanged.)3.033 F
-.533(The \214rst ele-)5.533 F(ment of the)108 285.6 Q F3(FUNCN)2.5 E
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(AME)-.18 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G
(riable is set to the name of the function while the function is e).25 E
-.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting.).15 E 1.25(All other aspects of the shell e)108
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(vironment are identical between a function and its caller with)-.4 F
-1.048(these e)108 314.4 R 3.548(xceptions: the)-.15 F F3(DEB)3.548 E(UG)
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-.09 E F0(and)3.298 E F1(RETURN)3.548 E F0 1.048
(traps \(see the description of the)3.548 F F1(trap)3.548 E F0 -.2(bu)
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.09 E .479(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)2.729 E .479
(w\) are not inherited unless the function has been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)
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2.92 E(e)-.162 E F0 -.2(bu)2.67 G .42(iltin belo).2 F .42(w\) or the)
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(shell option has been enabled with the)2.92 F F1(set)2.921 E F0 -.2(bu)
-108 350.4 S .072(iltin \(in which case all functions inherit the).2 F F1
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(DEB)2.572 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.572 E F1(RETURN)2.572 E F0 .072
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-F(-)-.2 E(ited unless the)108 362.4 Q F1(\255o errtrace)2.5 E F0
-(shell option has been enabled.)2.5 E -1.11(Va)108 379.2 S .655
+(traps\), and the)2.572 F F2(ERR)2.571 E F0 .071(trap is not inher)2.321
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(riables local to the function may be declared with the)1.11 F F1(local)
3.155 E F0 -.2(bu)3.156 G .656(iltin command.).2 F(Ordinarily)5.656 E
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(alues are shared between the function and its caller)-.25 E(.)-.55 E
-(The)108 408 Q F1(FUNCNEST)3.529 E F0 -.25(va)3.529 G 1.028
+(The)108 448.8 Q F1(FUNCNEST)3.529 E F0 -.25(va)3.529 G 1.028
(riable, if set to a numeric v).25 F 1.028
(alue greater than 0, de\214nes a maximum function nesting)-.25 F(le)108
-420 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l. Function).15 F(in)2.5 E -.2(vo)-.4 G
+460.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l. Function).15 F(in)2.5 E -.2(vo)-.4 G
(cations that e).2 E(xceed the limit cause the entire command to abort.)
--.15 E .043(If the b)108 436.8 R .043(uiltin command)-.2 F F1 -.18(re)
+-.15 E .043(If the b)108 477.6 R .043(uiltin command)-.2 F F1 -.18(re)
2.543 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .043(is e)2.543 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .043
(cuted in a function, the function completes and e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
-.044(cution resumes with).15 F 1.012(the ne)108 448.8 R 1.012
+.044(cution resumes with).15 F 1.012(the ne)108 489.6 R 1.012
(xt command after the function call.)-.15 F(An)6.011 E 3.511(yc)-.15 G
1.011(ommand associated with the)-3.511 F F1(RETURN)3.511 E F0 1.011
-(trap is e)3.511 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E .213(before e)108 460.8 R
+(trap is e)3.511 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E .213(before e)108 501.6 R
-.15(xe)-.15 G .213(cution resumes.).15 F .213
(When a function completes, the v)5.213 F .214
(alues of the positional parameters and the spe-)-.25 F(cial parameter)
-108 472.8 Q F1(#)2.5 E F0(are restored to the v)2.5 E(alues the)-.25 E
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2.5(yh)-.15 G(ad prior to the function')-2.5 E 2.5(se)-.55 G -.15(xe)
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-(Function names and de\214nitions may be listed with the)108 489.6 R F1
+(Function names and de\214nitions may be listed with the)108 530.4 R F1
<ad66>3.858 E F0 1.358(option to the)3.858 F F1(declar)3.858 E(e)-.18 E
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-3.39(mands. The)108 5
01.6 R F1<ad46>3.39 E F0 .89(option to)3.39 F F1
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42.4 R F1<ad46>3.39 E F0 .89(option to)3.39 F F1
(declar)3.39 E(e)-.18 E F0(or)3.39 E F1(typeset)3.39 E F0 .89
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(shell option is enabled\).)2.827 F .326(Functions may be e)5.326 F .326
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1.597 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.297(hem de\214ned with the).15 F F1<ad66>3.797 E
F0 1.297(option to the)3.797 F F1(export)3.798 E F0 -.2(bu)3.798 G 3.798
(iltin. A).2 F 1.298(function de\214nition may be)3.798 F .161
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37.6 R F1<ad66>2.661 E F0 .161(option to the)
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78.4 R F1<ad66>2.661 E F0 .161(option to the)
2.661 F F1(unset)2.661 E F0 -.2(bu)2.661 G 2.661(iltin. Note).2 F .16
(that shell functions and v)2.661 F .16(ariables with the same name)-.25
F 1.325(may result in multiple identically-named entries in the en)108
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-(hildren. Care)-3.825 F(should be tak)108 561.6 Q
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(en in cases where this may cause a problem.)-.1 E .372
-(Functions may be recursi)108 578.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.371(.T).15 G(he)
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(riable may be used to limit the depth of the function call).25 F 1.141
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3.641(cations. By).2 F(def)3.641 E 1.141
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--.15(ve c)-.25 H(alls.).15 E F2(ARITHMETIC EV)72 619.2 Q(ALU)-1.478 E
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2.297(luated, under certain circumstances \(see the).25 F F1(let)4.797 E
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(\). Ev)B .205(aluation is done in \214x)-.25 F .206(ed-width inte)-.15
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-(ve)-.25 G(ls of equal-precedence operators.).15 E(The le)5 E -.15(ve)
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2.832 F .332(alue e)-.25 F -.25(va)-.25 G .332(luates to 0.).25 F 2.832
(As)5.332 G .332(hell v)-2.832 F .332(ariable need not ha)-.25 F .632
--.15(ve i)-.2 H(ts).15 E F2(inte)2.832 E -.1(ge)-.4 G(r).1 E F0(attrib)
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(xpression.)-.15 E 1.406
-(Constants with a leading 0 are interpreted as octal numbers.)108 441.6
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R 3.906(Al)6.406 G 1.406(eading 0x or 0X denotes he)-3.906 F(xadecimal.)
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2.612 E F0 .113(is a decimal number between 2 and 64)2.612 F .534
-(representing the arithmetic base, and)108 465.6 R F2(n)3.034 E F0 .534
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48 Q F0<ad>2.5 E F1(nt)A
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+F3(PS1)3.145 E F0 .645(when it is ready to read a command,)2.895 F 1.825
+(and the secondary prompt)108 657.6 R F3(PS2)4.325 E F0 1.825
+(when it needs more input to complete a command.)4.075 F F1(Bash)6.826 E
F0(allo)4.326 E 1.826(ws these)-.25 F 1.499(prompt strings to be custom\
ized by inserting a number of backslash-escaped special characters that\
- are)108 645.6 R(decoded as follo)108 657.6 Q(ws:)-.25 E F5(\\a)144
-669.6 Q F0(an ASCII bell character \(07\))28.22 E F5(\\d)144 681.6 Q F0
+ are)108 669.6 R(decoded as follo)108 681.6 Q(ws:)-.25 E F1(\\a)144
+693.6 Q F0(an ASCII bell character \(07\))28.22 E F1(\\d)144 705.6 Q F0
(the date in "W)27.66 E(eekday Month Date" format \(e.g., "T)-.8 E
-(ue May 26"\))-.45 E F5(\\D{)144 693.6 Q F1(format)A F5(})A F0(the)180
-705.6 Q F1(format)3.926 E F0 1.426(is passed to)3.926 F F1(strftime)
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-(\(3\) and the result is inserted into the prompt string; an)B(empty)180
-717.6 Q F1(format)2.5 E F0
-(results in a locale-speci\214c time representation.)2.5 E
-(The braces are required)5 E(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2011 April 11)146.785
-E(33)195.945 E 0 Cg EP
+(ue May 26"\))-.45 E(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2011 July 7)151.505 E(33)
+200.665 E 0 Cg EP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(\\e)144 84 Q F0
-(an ASCII escape character \(033\))28.78 E F1(\\h)144 96 Q F0
-(the hostname up to the \214rst `.)27.66 E(')-.7 E F1(\\H)144 108 Q F0
-(the hostname)25.44 E F1(\\j)144 120 Q F0
+-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(\\D{)144 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
+(format)A F1(})A F0(the)180 96 Q F2(format)3.926 E F0 1.426
+(is passed to)3.926 F F2(strftime)3.926 E F0 1.427
+(\(3\) and the result is inserted into the prompt string; an)B(empty)180
+108 Q F2(format)2.5 E F0
+(results in a locale-speci\214c time representation.)2.5 E
+(The braces are required)5 E F1(\\e)144 120 Q F0
+(an ASCII escape character \(033\))28.78 E F1(\\h)144 132 Q F0
+(the hostname up to the \214rst `.)27.66 E(')-.7 E F1(\\H)144 144 Q F0
+(the hostname)25.44 E F1(\\j)144 156 Q F0
(the number of jobs currently managed by the shell)29.89 E F1(\\l)144
-132 Q F0(the basename of the shell')30.44 E 2.5(st)-.55 G(erminal de)
--2.5 E(vice name)-.25 E F1(\\n)144 144 Q F0(ne)27.66 E(wline)-.25 E F1
-(\\r)144 156 Q F0(carriage return)28.78 E F1(\\s)144 168 Q F0
+168 Q F0(the basename of the shell')30.44 E 2.5(st)-.55 G(erminal de)
+-2.5 E(vice name)-.25 E F1(\\n)144 180 Q F0(ne)27.66 E(wline)-.25 E F1
+(\\r)144 192 Q F0(carriage return)28.78 E F1(\\s)144 204 Q F0
(the name of the shell, the basename of)29.33 E F1($0)2.5 E F0
(\(the portion follo)2.5 E(wing the \214nal slash\))-.25 E F1(\\t)144
-180 Q F0(the current time in 24-hour HH:MM:SS format)29.89 E F1(\\T)144
-192 Q F0(the current time in 12-hour HH:MM:SS format)26.55 E F1(\\@)144
-204 Q F0(the current time in 12-hour am/pm format)23.92 E F1(\\A)144 216
-Q F0(the current time in 24-hour HH:MM format)26 E F1(\\u)144 228 Q F0
-(the username of the current user)27.66 E F1(\\v)144 240 Q F0(the v)
+216 Q F0(the current time in 24-hour HH:MM:SS format)29.89 E F1(\\T)144
+228 Q F0(the current time in 12-hour HH:MM:SS format)26.55 E F1(\\@)144
+240 Q F0(the current time in 12-hour am/pm format)23.92 E F1(\\A)144 252
+Q F0(the current time in 24-hour HH:MM format)26 E F1(\\u)144 264 Q F0
+(the username of the current user)27.66 E F1(\\v)144 276 Q F0(the v)
28.22 E(ersion of)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(\(e.g., 2.00\))2.5 E F1(\\V)
-144 252 Q F0(the release of)26 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0 2.5(,v)C
+144 288 Q F0(the release of)26 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0 2.5(,v)C
(ersion + patch le)-2.65 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l\().15 G(e.g., 2.00.0\))
--2.5 E F1(\\w)144 264 Q F0 .116(the current w)26 F .116
-(orking directory)-.1 F 2.616(,w)-.65 G(ith)-2.616 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0
+-2.5 E F1(\\w)144 300 Q F0 .116(the current w)26 F .116
+(orking directory)-.1 F 2.616(,w)-.65 G(ith)-2.616 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0
SF($HOME)2.616 E F0(abbre)2.366 E .115(viated with a tilde \(uses the v)
--.25 F .115(alue of the)-.25 F F2(PR)180 276 Q(OMPT_DIR)-.27 E(TRIM)-.36
-E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G(riable\)).25 E F1(\\W)144 288 Q F0
+-.25 F .115(alue of the)-.25 F F3(PR)180 312 Q(OMPT_DIR)-.27 E(TRIM)-.36
+E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G(riable\)).25 E F1(\\W)144 324 Q F0
(the basename of the current w)23.22 E(orking directory)-.1 E 2.5(,w)
--.65 G(ith)-2.5 E F2($HOME)2.5 E F0(abbre)2.25 E(viated with a tilde)
--.25 E F1(\\!)144 300 Q F0(the history number of this command)29.89 E F1
-(\\#)144 312 Q F0(the command number of this command)28.22 E F1(\\$)144
-324 Q F0(if the ef)28.22 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve U)-.25 H(ID is 0, a)
-.15 E F1(#)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C(therwise a)-2.5 E F1($)2.5 E(\\)144 336 Q
-/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(nnn)A F0
-(the character corresponding to the octal number)18.22 E F3(nnn)2.5 E F1
-(\\\\)144 348 Q F0 2.5(ab)30.44 G(ackslash)-2.5 E F1(\\[)144 360 Q F0
-(be)29.89 E 1.257(gin a sequence of non-printing characters, which coul\
-d be used to embed a terminal)-.15 F(control sequence into the prompt)
-180 372 Q F1(\\])144 384 Q F0(end a sequence of non-printing characters)
-29.89 E .12(The command number and the history number are usually dif)
-108 400.8 R .119(ferent: the history number of a command is its)-.25 F
-1.585(position in the history list, which may include commands restored\
- from the history \214le \(see)108 412.8 R F2(HIST)4.085 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)
--.315 E F0(belo)108 424.8 Q .541(w\), while the command number is the p\
-osition in the sequence of commands e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .54
-(cuted during the cur).15 F(-)-.2 E .546(rent shell session.)108 436.8 R
+-.65 G(ith)-2.5 E F3($HOME)2.5 E F0(abbre)2.25 E(viated with a tilde)
+-.25 E F1(\\!)144 336 Q F0(the history number of this command)29.89 E F1
+(\\#)144 348 Q F0(the command number of this command)28.22 E F1(\\$)144
+360 Q F0(if the ef)28.22 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve U)-.25 H(ID is 0, a)
+.15 E F1(#)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C(therwise a)-2.5 E F1($)2.5 E(\\)144 372 Q
+F2(nnn)A F0(the character corresponding to the octal number)18.22 E F2
+(nnn)2.5 E F1(\\\\)144 384 Q F0 2.5(ab)30.44 G(ackslash)-2.5 E F1(\\[)
+144 396 Q F0(be)29.89 E 1.257(gin a sequence of non-printing characters\
+, which could be used to embed a terminal)-.15 F
+(control sequence into the prompt)180 408 Q F1(\\])144 420 Q F0
+(end a sequence of non-printing characters)29.89 E .12
+(The command number and the history number are usually dif)108 436.8 R
+.119(ferent: the history number of a command is its)-.25 F 1.585(positi\
+on in the history list, which may include commands restored from the hi\
+story \214le \(see)108 448.8 R F3(HIST)4.085 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F0
+(belo)108 460.8 Q .541(w\), while the command number is the position in\
+ the sequence of commands e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .54
+(cuted during the cur).15 F(-)-.2 E .546(rent shell session.)108 472.8 R
.546(After the string is decoded, it is e)5.546 F .546
(xpanded via parameter e)-.15 F .546(xpansion, command substitu-)-.15 F
-.352(tion, arithmetic e)108 448.8 R .352(xpansion, and quote remo)-.15 F
+.352(tion, arithmetic e)108 484.8 R .352(xpansion, and quote remo)-.15 F
-.25(va)-.15 G .352(l, subject to the v).25 F .352(alue of the)-.25 F F1
(pr)2.852 E(omptv)-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 .351(shell option \(see the)2.852
-F(description of the)108 460.8 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0(command under)2.5 E
-F2(SHELL B)2.5 E(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)
--.25 E/F4 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(READLINE)72 477.6 Q F0 .15
+F(description of the)108 496.8 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0(command under)2.5 E
+F3(SHELL B)2.5 E(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)
+-.25 E/F4 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(READLINE)72 513.6 Q F0 .15
(This is the library that handles reading input when using an interacti)
-108 489.6 R .451 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .151(hell, unless the).15 F F1
-(\255\255noediting)2.651 E F0(option)2.651 E 1.209(is gi)108 501.6 R
+108 525.6 R .451 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .151(hell, unless the).15 F F1
+(\255\255noediting)2.651 E F0(option)2.651 E 1.209(is gi)108 537.6 R
-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.709(na).15 G 3.709(ts)-3.709 G 1.209(hell in)-3.709 F
-.2(vo)-.4 G 3.709(cation. Line).2 F 1.208
(editing is also used when using the)3.709 F F1<ad65>3.708 E F0 1.208
(option to the)3.708 F F1 -.18(re)3.708 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.708 G
-3.708(iltin. By).2 F(def)108 513.6 Q .851
+3.708(iltin. By).2 F(def)108 549.6 Q .851
(ault, the line editing commands are similar to those of Emacs.)-.1 F
3.351(Av)5.851 G .851(i-style line editing interf)-3.351 F .852
-(ace is also)-.1 F -.2(av)108 525.6 S 3.35(ailable. Line)-.05 F .85
+(ace is also)-.1 F -.2(av)108 561.6 S 3.35(ailable. Line)-.05 F .85
(editing can be enabled at an)3.35 F 3.35(yt)-.15 G .85(ime using the)
-3.35 F F1 .85(\255o emacs)3.35 F F0(or)3.35 E F1 .85(\255o vi)3.35 F F0
.85(options to the)3.35 F F1(set)3.35 E F0 -.2(bu)3.35 G(iltin).2 E
-(\(see)108 537.6 Q F2 .762(SHELL B)3.262 F(UIL)-.09 E .762(TIN COMMANDS)
+(\(see)108 573.6 Q F3 .762(SHELL B)3.262 F(UIL)-.09 E .762(TIN COMMANDS)
-.828 F F0(belo)3.012 E 3.262(w\). T)-.25 F 3.263(ot)-.8 G .763(urn of)
-3.263 F 3.263(fl)-.25 G .763
(ine editing after the shell is running, use the)-3.263 F F1(+o)3.263 E
-(emacs)108 549.6 Q F0(or)2.5 E F1(+o vi)2.5 E F0(options to the)2.5 E F1
-(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(Readline Notation)87 566.4 Q
+(emacs)108 585.6 Q F0(or)2.5 E F1(+o vi)2.5 E F0(options to the)2.5 E F1
+(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(Readline Notation)87 602.4 Q
F0 .463(In this section, the Emacs-style notation is used to denote k)
-108 578.4 R -.15(ey)-.1 G(strok).15 E 2.963(es. Control)-.1 F -.1(ke)
-2.963 G .463(ys are denoted by C\255)-.05 F F3 -.1(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0(,)A
-1.152(e.g., C\255n means Control\255N.)108 590.4 R(Similarly)6.152 E(,)
--.65 E F3(meta)4.032 E F0 -.1(ke)3.913 G 1.153(ys are denoted by M\255)
--.05 F F3 -.1(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0 3.653(,s)C 3.653(oM)-3.653 G 1.153
-(\255x means Meta\255X.)-3.653 F(\(On)6.153 E -.1(ke)108 602.4 S .831
-(yboards without a)-.05 F F3(meta)3.711 E F0 -.1(ke)3.591 G 2.131 -.65
-(y, M)-.05 H<ad>.65 E F3(x)A F0 .831(means ESC)3.331 F F3(x)3.331 E F0
+108 614.4 R -.15(ey)-.1 G(strok).15 E 2.963(es. Control)-.1 F -.1(ke)
+2.963 G .463(ys are denoted by C\255)-.05 F F2 -.1(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0(,)A
+1.152(e.g., C\255n means Control\255N.)108 626.4 R(Similarly)6.152 E(,)
+-.65 E F2(meta)4.032 E F0 -.1(ke)3.913 G 1.153(ys are denoted by M\255)
+-.05 F F2 -.1(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0 3.653(,s)C 3.653(oM)-3.653 G 1.153
+(\255x means Meta\255X.)-3.653 F(\(On)6.153 E -.1(ke)108 638.4 S .831
+(yboards without a)-.05 F F2(meta)3.711 E F0 -.1(ke)3.591 G 2.131 -.65
+(y, M)-.05 H<ad>.65 E F2(x)A F0 .831(means ESC)3.331 F F2(x)3.331 E F0
3.331(,i)C .83(.e., press the Escape k)-3.331 F 1.13 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .83
-(hen the).15 F F3(x)4.1 E F0 -.1(ke)3.86 G 4.63 -.65(y. T)-.05 H .83
-(his mak).65 F(es)-.1 E .599(ESC the)108 614.4 R F3 .599(meta pr)3.099 F
-(e\214x)-.37 E F0 5.599(.T)C .599(he combination M\255C\255)-5.599 F F3
-(x)A F0 .599(means ESC\255Control\255)3.099 F F3(x)A F0 3.099(,o)C 3.099
+(hen the).15 F F2(x)4.1 E F0 -.1(ke)3.86 G 4.63 -.65(y. T)-.05 H .83
+(his mak).65 F(es)-.1 E .599(ESC the)108 650.4 R F2 .599(meta pr)3.099 F
+(e\214x)-.37 E F0 5.599(.T)C .599(he combination M\255C\255)-5.599 F F2
+(x)A F0 .599(means ESC\255Control\255)3.099 F F2(x)A F0 3.099(,o)C 3.099
(rp)-3.099 G .6(ress the Escape k)-3.099 F .9 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .6
-(hen hold).15 F(the Control k)108 626.4 Q .3 -.15(ey w)-.1 H
-(hile pressing the).15 E F3(x)3.27 E F0 -.1(ke)3.03 G -.65(y.)-.05 G(\))
-.65 E .62(Readline commands may be gi)108 643.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.119
-(nn).15 G(umeric)-3.119 E F3(ar)3.119 E(guments)-.37 E F0 3.119(,w).27 G
+(hen hold).15 F(the Control k)108 662.4 Q .3 -.15(ey w)-.1 H
+(hile pressing the).15 E F2(x)3.27 E F0 -.1(ke)3.03 G -.65(y.)-.05 G(\))
+.65 E .62(Readline commands may be gi)108 679.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.119
+(nn).15 G(umeric)-3.119 E F2(ar)3.119 E(guments)-.37 E F0 3.119(,w).27 G
.619(hich normally act as a repeat count.)-3.119 F(Sometimes,)5.619 E
-(ho)108 655.2 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.418 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.118(ti)
+(ho)108 691.2 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.418 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.118(ti)
.4 G 3.119(st)-3.118 G .619(he sign of the ar)-3.119 F .619
(gument that is signi\214cant.)-.18 F -.15(Pa)5.619 G .619(ssing a ne)
.15 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .919 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G .619
-(ument to a command that).18 F 1.019(acts in the forw)108 667.2 R 1.018
+(ument to a command that).18 F 1.019(acts in the forw)108 703.2 R 1.018
(ard direction \(e.g.,)-.1 F F1(kill\255line)3.518 E F0 3.518(\)c)C
1.018(auses that command to act in a backw)-3.518 F 1.018
-(ard direction.)-.1 F(Com-)6.018 E(mands whose beha)108 679.2 Q
+(ard direction.)-.1 F(Com-)6.018 E(mands whose beha)108 715.2 Q
(vior with ar)-.2 E(guments de)-.18 E(viates from this are noted belo)
--.25 E -.65(w.)-.25 G .811(When a command is described as)108 696 R F3
-(killing)3.311 E F0(te)3.311 E .811(xt, the te)-.15 F .811
-(xt deleted is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.311(df).15 G .812
-(or possible future retrie)-3.311 F -.25(va)-.25 G 3.312(l\().25 G F3
-(yank-)-3.312 E(ing)108 708 Q F0 2.529(\). The)B .029(killed te)2.529 F
-.029(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.529(di).15 G 2.529(na)-2.529 G F3
-.029(kill ring)B F0 5.029(.C)C(onsecuti)-5.029 E .329 -.15(ve k)-.25 H
-.029(ills cause the te).15 F .029(xt to be accumulated into one unit,)
--.15 F .567(which can be yank)108 720 R .567(ed all at once.)-.1 F .567
-(Commands which do not kill te)5.567 F .567
-(xt separate the chunks of te)-.15 F .567(xt on the kill)-.15 F
-(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2011 April 11)146.785 E(34)195.945 E 0 Cg EP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E(ring.)108 84 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Readline Initialization)87
-100.8 Q F0 .091(Readline is customized by putting commands in an initia\
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-(c)-.37 E F0 2.591(\214le\). The)2.591 F .091(name of this \214le)2.591
-F .196(is tak)108 124.8 R .196(en from the v)-.1 F .196(alue of the)-.25
-F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(INPUTRC)2.696 E F0 -.25(va)2.446 G 2.696
-(riable. If).25 F .196(that v)2.696 F .196(ariable is unset, the def)
--.25 F .196(ault is)-.1 F F2(~/.inputr)2.696 E(c)-.37 E F0 5.196(.W).31
-G .197(hen a)-5.196 F 1.034(program which uses the readline library sta\
-rts up, the initialization \214le is read, and the k)108 136.8 R 1.334
--.15(ey b)-.1 H 1.034(indings and).15 F -.25(va)108 148.8 S 1.149
+-.35 E .811(When a command is described as)108 84 R/F1 10/Times-Italic@0
+SF(killing)3.311 E F0(te)3.311 E .811(xt, the te)-.15 F .811
+(xt deleted is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.311(df).15 G .812
+(or possible future retrie)-3.311 F -.25(va)-.25 G 3.312(l\().25 G F1
+(yank-)-3.312 E(ing)108 96 Q F0 2.529(\). The)B .029(killed te)2.529 F
+.029(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.529(di).15 G 2.529(na)-2.529 G F1
+.029(kill ring)B F0 5.029(.C)C(onsecuti)-5.029 E .329 -.15(ve k)-.25 H
+.029(ills cause the te).15 F .029(xt to be accumulated into one unit,)
+-.15 F .567(which can be yank)108 108 R .567(ed all at once.)-.1 F .567
+(Commands which do not kill te)5.567 F .567
+(xt separate the chunks of te)-.15 F .567(xt on the kill)-.15 F(ring.)
+108 120 Q/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Readline Initialization)87 136.8 Q F0
+.091(Readline is customized by putting commands in an initialization \
+\214le \(the)108 148.8 R F1(inputr)2.591 E(c)-.37 E F0 2.591
+(\214le\). The)2.591 F .091(name of this \214le)2.591 F .196(is tak)108
+160.8 R .196(en from the v)-.1 F .196(alue of the)-.25 F/F3 9
+/Times-Bold@0 SF(INPUTRC)2.696 E F0 -.25(va)2.446 G 2.696(riable. If).25
+F .196(that v)2.696 F .196(ariable is unset, the def)-.25 F .196
+(ault is)-.1 F F1(~/.inputr)2.696 E(c)-.37 E F0 5.196(.W).31 G .197
+(hen a)-5.196 F 1.034(program which uses the readline library starts up\
+, the initialization \214le is read, and the k)108 172.8 R 1.334 -.15
+(ey b)-.1 H 1.034(indings and).15 F -.25(va)108 184.8 S 1.149
(riables are set.).25 F 1.149(There are only a fe)6.149 F 3.649(wb)-.25
G 1.149(asic constructs allo)-3.649 F 1.15
(wed in the readline initialization \214le.)-.25 F(Blank)6.15 E .737
-(lines are ignored.)108 160.8 R .737(Lines be)5.737 F .737
-(ginning with a)-.15 F F1(#)3.237 E F0 .737(are comments.)3.237 F .737
-(Lines be)5.737 F .737(ginning with a)-.15 F F1($)3.237 E F0 .736
-(indicate conditional)3.236 F 2.5(constructs. Other)108 172.8 R
+(lines are ignored.)108 196.8 R .737(Lines be)5.737 F .737
+(ginning with a)-.15 F F2(#)3.237 E F0 .737(are comments.)3.237 F .737
+(Lines be)5.737 F .737(ginning with a)-.15 F F2($)3.237 E F0 .736
+(indicate conditional)3.236 F 2.5(constructs. Other)108 208.8 R
(lines denote k)2.5 E .3 -.15(ey b)-.1 H(indings and v).15 E
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--.15(ey)-.1 G .987(-bindings may be changed with an).15 F F2(inputr)
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3.497 E(c)-.37 E F0 3.487(\214le. Other)3.797 F .987
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+295.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E(into the)108 307.2
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(univer)2.5 E(sal\255ar)-.1 E(gument)-.37 E F0(.).68 E 1.261(The follo)
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--.4(RU)3.761 G(BOUT).4 E F0(,)1.27 E F2(DEL)3.761 E F0(,).53 E F2(ESC)
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-.5(TA)2.5 G(B).5 E F0(.).27 E .209
-(In addition to command names, readline allo)108 316.8 R .209(ws k)-.25
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F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.709(st).15 G 2.709(ob)-2.709 G 2.709(eb)-2.709 G .209
(ound to a string that is inserted when the k)-2.709 F .509 -.15(ey i)
--.1 H(s).15 E(pressed \(a)108 328.8 Q F2(macr)2.5 E(o)-.45 E F0(\).)A F1
-(Readline K)87 345.6 Q(ey Bindings)-.25 E F0 .366
-(The syntax for controlling k)108 357.6 R .666 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .366
-(indings in the).15 F F2(inputr)2.876 E(c)-.37 E F0 .366
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(\214le is simple.)3.176 F .366(All that is required is the name of the)
-5.366 F .382(command or the te)108 369.6 R .383(xt of a macro and a k)
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-.15 F .683 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .383
(equence to which it should be bound. The name may be speci-).15 F .853
-(\214ed in one of tw)108 381.6 R 3.353(ow)-.1 G .853
+(\214ed in one of tw)108 417.6 R 3.353(ow)-.1 G .853
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-(ame, possibly with).15 F F2(Meta\255)3.353 E F0(or)3.353 E F2(Contr)
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-(ey)-.1 G(sequence.)108 393.6 Q 1.541(When using the form)108 410.4 R F1
--.1(ke)4.041 G(yname).1 E F0(:)A F2(function\255name).833 E F0(or)4.041
-E F2(macr)4.042 E(o)-.45 E F0(,)A F2 -.1(ke)4.042 G(yname)-.2 E F0 1.542
+(ey)-.1 G(sequence.)108 429.6 Q 1.541(When using the form)108 446.4 R F2
+-.1(ke)4.041 G(yname).1 E F0(:)A F1(function\255name).833 E F0(or)4.041
+E F1(macr)4.042 E(o)-.45 E F0(,)A F1 -.1(ke)4.042 G(yname)-.2 E F0 1.542
(is the name of a k)4.222 F 1.842 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 1.542(pelled out in)
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-(Control-u: uni)144 446.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18
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-(ve ex)-.15 H(ample,).15 E F2(C\255u)3.038 E F0 .698
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-(is bound to the func-)3.728 F(tion)108 499.2 Q F1
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+(is bound to the func-)3.728 F(tion)108 535.2 Q F2
+(backward\255kill\255w)2.758 E(ord)-.1 E F0 2.758(,a)C(nd)-2.758 E F1
(C\255o)2.598 E F0 .258(is bound to run the macro e)2.938 F .259
(xpressed on the right hand side \(that is, to)-.15 F(insert the te)108
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-(into the line\).)2.5 E .056(In the second form,)108 528 R F1("k)2.556 E
-(eyseq")-.1 E F0(:)A F2(function\255name).833 E F0(or)2.556 E F2(macr)
-2.556 E(o)-.45 E F0(,)A F1 -.1(ke)2.556 G(yseq).1 E F0(dif)2.555 E .055
-(fers from)-.25 F F1 -.1(ke)2.555 G(yname).1 E F0(abo)2.555 E .355 -.15
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(ve i)-.15 H 2.555(nt).15 G .055(hat strings)-2.555 F 1.284
-(denoting an entire k)108 540 R 1.584 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 1.284(equence may\
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(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E
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-(In this e)108 628.8 R(xample,)-.15 E F2(C\255u)2.654 E F0 .314(is ag)
-3.064 F .315(ain bound to the function)-.05 F F1(uni)2.815 E -.1(ve)-.1
-G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(.)A F2 .315(C\255x C\255r)5.155 F F0
-.315(is bound to the func-)3.545 F(tion)108 640.8 Q F1 -.18(re)2.5 G
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+(In this e)108 664.8 R(xample,)-.15 E F1(C\255u)2.654 E F0 .314(is ag)
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-(The full set of GNU Emacs style escape sequences is)108 657.6 Q F1
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-(literal ")27.67 E(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2011 April 11)146.785 E(35)
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--.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<5c08>144 84 Q F0(literal \010)30.44 E(In a\
-ddition to the GNU Emacs style escape sequences, a second set of backsl\
-ash escapes is a)108 100.8 Q -.25(va)-.2 G(ilable:).25 E F1(\\a)144
-112.8 Q F0(alert \(bell\))28.22 E F1(\\b)144 124.8 Q F0(backspace)27.66
-E F1(\\d)144 136.8 Q F0(delete)27.66 E F1(\\f)144 148.8 Q F0(form feed)
-29.89 E F1(\\n)144 160.8 Q F0(ne)27.66 E(wline)-.25 E F1(\\r)144 172.8 Q
-F0(carriage return)28.78 E F1(\\t)144 184.8 Q F0(horizontal tab)29.89 E
-F1(\\v)144 196.8 Q F0 -.15(ve)28.22 G(rtical tab).15 E F1(\\)144 208.8 Q
+-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(\\e)144 84 Q F0(an escape character)28.78 E
+F1(\\\\)144 96 Q F0(backslash)30.44 E F1(\\")144 108 Q F0(literal ")
+27.67 E F1<5c08>144 120 Q F0(literal \010)30.44 E(In addition to the GN\
+U Emacs style escape sequences, a second set of backslash escapes is a)
+108 136.8 Q -.25(va)-.2 G(ilable:).25 E F1(\\a)144 148.8 Q F0
+(alert \(bell\))28.22 E F1(\\b)144 160.8 Q F0(backspace)27.66 E F1(\\d)
+144 172.8 Q F0(delete)27.66 E F1(\\f)144 184.8 Q F0(form feed)29.89 E F1
+(\\n)144 196.8 Q F0(ne)27.66 E(wline)-.25 E F1(\\r)144 208.8 Q F0
+(carriage return)28.78 E F1(\\t)144 220.8 Q F0(horizontal tab)29.89 E F1
+(\\v)144 232.8 Q F0 -.15(ve)28.22 G(rtical tab).15 E F1(\\)144 244.8 Q
/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(nnn)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)18.22
E(alue is the octal v)-.25 E(alue)-.25 E F2(nnn)2.5 E F0
-(\(one to three digits\))2.5 E F1(\\x)144 220.8 Q F2(HH)A F0
+(\(one to three digits\))2.5 E F1(\\x)144 256.8 Q F2(HH)A F0
(the eight-bit character whose v)13.78 E(alue is the he)-.25 E
(xadecimal v)-.15 E(alue)-.25 E F2(HH)2.5 E F0(\(one or tw)2.5 E 2.5(oh)
-.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E 1.142(When entering the te)108
-237.6 R 1.141(xt of a macro, single or double quotes must be used to in\
-dicate a macro de\214nition.)-.15 F .089(Unquoted te)108 249.6 R .089
+273.6 R 1.141(xt of a macro, single or double quotes must be used to in\
+dicate a macro de\214nition.)-.15 F .089(Unquoted te)108 285.6 R .089
(xt is assumed to be a function name.)-.15 F .09(In the macro body)5.089
F 2.59(,t)-.65 G .09(he backslash escapes described abo)-2.59 F -.15(ve)
--.15 G(are e)108 261.6 Q 2.5(xpanded. Backslash)-.15 F(will quote an)2.5
+-.15 G(are e)108 297.6 Q 2.5(xpanded. Backslash)-.15 F(will quote an)2.5
E 2.5(yo)-.15 G(ther character in the macro te)-2.5 E
-(xt, including " and \010.)-.15 E F1(Bash)108 278.4 Q F0(allo)2.93 E .43
+(xt, including " and \010.)-.15 E F1(Bash)108 314.4 Q F0(allo)2.93 E .43
(ws the current readline k)-.25 F .73 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .429
(indings to be displayed or modi\214ed with the).15 F F1(bind)2.929 E F0
-.2(bu)2.929 G .429(iltin command.).2 F .045
-(The editing mode may be switched during interacti)108 290.4 R .345 -.15
+(The editing mode may be switched during interacti)108 326.4 R .345 -.15
(ve u)-.25 H .046(se by using the).15 F F1<ad6f>2.546 E F0 .046
(option to the)2.546 F F1(set)2.546 E F0 -.2(bu)2.546 G .046
-(iltin command).2 F(\(see)108 302.4 Q/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)2.5 E
+(iltin command).2 F(\(see)108 338.4 Q/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)2.5 E
(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1
-(Readline V)87 319.2 Q(ariables)-.92 E F0 .044(Readline has v)108 331.2
+(Readline V)87 355.2 Q(ariables)-.92 E F0 .044(Readline has v)108 367.2
R .043(ariables that can be used to further customize its beha)-.25 F
(vior)-.2 E 5.043(.A)-.55 G -.25(va)-2.5 G .043
-(riable may be set in the).25 F F2(inpu-)2.553 E(tr)108 343.2 Q(c)-.37 E
-F0(\214le with a statement of the form)2.81 E F1(set)144 360 Q F2
+(riable may be set in the).25 F F2(inpu-)2.553 E(tr)108 379.2 Q(c)-.37 E
+F0(\214le with a statement of the form)2.81 E F1(set)144 396 Q F2
(variable\255name value)2.5 E F0 .79(Except where noted, readline v)108
-376.8 R .79(ariables can tak)-.25 F 3.29(et)-.1 G .79(he v)-3.29 F
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(alues)-.25 E F1(On)3.29 E F0(or)3.29 E F1(Off)3.29 E F0 .79
(\(without re)3.29 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .79(rd to case\).).05 F(Unrecog-)
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+5.79 E .449(nized v)108 424.8 R .448(ariable names are ignored.)-.25 F
.448(When a v)5.448 F .448(ariable v)-.25 F .448
(alue is read, empty or null v)-.25 F .448(alues, "on" \(case-insensi-)
--.25 F(ti)108 400.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .467(\), and "1" are equi).15 F
+-.25 F(ti)108 436.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .467(\), and "1" are equi).15 F
-.25(va)-.25 G .468(lent to).25 F F1(On)2.968 E F0 5.468(.A)C .468
(ll other v)-5.468 F .468(alues are equi)-.25 F -.25(va)-.25 G .468
(lent to).25 F F1(Off)2.968 E F0 5.468(.T)C .468(he v)-5.468 F .468
-(ariables and their def)-.25 F(ault)-.1 E -.25(va)108 412.8 S(lues are:)
-.25 E F1(bell\255style \(audible\))108 429.6 Q F0 .011
-(Controls what happens when readline w)144 441.6 R .011
+(ariables and their def)-.25 F(ault)-.1 E -.25(va)108 448.8 S(lues are:)
+.25 E F1(bell\255style \(audible\))108 465.6 Q F0 .011
+(Controls what happens when readline w)144 477.6 R .011
(ants to ring the terminal bell.)-.1 F .01(If set to)5.01 F F1(none)2.51
E F0 2.51(,r)C .01(eadline ne)-2.51 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E .94
-(rings the bell.)144 453.6 R .94(If set to)5.94 F F1(visible)3.44 E F0
+(rings the bell.)144 489.6 R .94(If set to)5.94 F F1(visible)3.44 E F0
3.44(,r)C .94(eadline uses a visible bell if one is a)-3.44 F -.25(va)
-.2 G 3.44(ilable. If).25 F .94(set to)3.44 F F1(audible)3.44 E F0(,)A
-(readline attempts to ring the terminal')144 465.6 Q 2.5(sb)-.55 G(ell.)
--2.5 E F1(bind\255tty\255special\255chars \(On\))108 477.6 Q F0 .056
-(If set to)144 489.6 R F1(On)2.556 E F0 2.556(,r)C .056(eadline attempt\
+(readline attempts to ring the terminal')144 501.6 Q 2.5(sb)-.55 G(ell.)
+-2.5 E F1(bind\255tty\255special\255chars \(On\))108 513.6 Q F0 .056
+(If set to)144 525.6 R F1(On)2.556 E F0 2.556(,r)C .056(eadline attempt\
s to bind the control characters treated specially by the k)-2.556 F
-(ernel')-.1 E 2.555(st)-.55 G(ermi-)-2.555 E(nal dri)144 501.6 Q -.15
+(ernel')-.1 E 2.555(st)-.55 G(ermi-)-2.555 E(nal dri)144 537.6 Q -.15
(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rt).15 G 2.5(ot)-2.5 G(heir readline equi)-2.5 E -.25(va)
--.25 G(lents.).25 E F1(comment\255begin \(`)108 513.6 Q(`#')-.63 E('\))
--.63 E F0 .884(The string that is inserted when the readline)144 525.6 R
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F1(insert\255comment)3.385 E F0 .885(command is e)3.385 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
-3.385(cuted. This).15 F(com-)3.385 E(mand is bound to)144 537.6 Q F1
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(M\255#)2.5 E F0(in emacs mode and to)2.5 E F1(#)2.5 E F0
-(in vi command mode.)2.5 E F1(completion\255ignor)108 549.6 Q
-(e\255case \(Off\))-.18 E F0(If set to)144 561.6 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5
+(in vi command mode.)2.5 E F1(completion\255ignor)108 585.6 Q
+(e\255case \(Off\))-.18 E F0(If set to)144 597.6 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5
(,r)C(eadline performs \214lename matching and completion in a case\255\
insensiti)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve f)-.25 H(ashion.).05 E F1(completion\255pr)
-108 573.6 Q(e\214x\255display\255length \(0\))-.18 E F0 .829(The length\
+108 609.6 Q(e\214x\255display\255length \(0\))-.18 E F0 .829(The length\
in characters of the common pre\214x of a list of possible completions\
- that is displayed)144 585.6 R 1.274(without modi\214cation.)144 597.6 R
+ that is displayed)144 621.6 R 1.274(without modi\214cation.)144 633.6 R
1.274(When set to a v)6.274 F 1.274
(alue greater than zero, common pre\214x)-.25 F 1.275
-(es longer than this)-.15 F -.25(va)144 609.6 S(lue are replaced with a\
+(es longer than this)-.15 F -.25(va)144 645.6 S(lue are replaced with a\
n ellipsis when displaying possible completions.).25 E F1
-(completion\255query\255items \(100\))108 621.6 Q F0 .53
-(This determines when the user is queried about vie)144 633.6 R .529
+(completion\255query\255items \(100\))108 657.6 Q F0 .53
+(This determines when the user is queried about vie)144 669.6 R .529
(wing the number of possible completions gen-)-.25 F .56(erated by the)
-144 645.6 R F1(possible\255completions)3.06 E F0 3.06(command. It)3.06 F
+144 681.6 R F1(possible\255completions)3.06 E F0 3.06(command. It)3.06 F
.561(may be set to an)3.061 F 3.061(yi)-.15 G(nte)-3.061 E .561(ger v)
--.15 F .561(alue greater than or)-.25 F .783(equal to zero.)144 657.6 R
+-.15 F .561(alue greater than or)-.25 F .783(equal to zero.)144 693.6 R
.783(If the number of possible completions is greater than or equal to \
-the v)5.783 F .782(alue of this)-.25 F -.25(va)144 669.6 S .237
+the v)5.783 F .782(alue of this)-.25 F -.25(va)144 705.6 S .237
(riable, the user is ask).25 F .237(ed whether or not he wishes to vie)
-.1 F 2.737(wt)-.25 G .237(hem; otherwise the)-2.737 F 2.737(ya)-.15 G
-.237(re simply listed)-2.737 F(on the terminal.)144 681.6 Q F1(con)108
-693.6 Q -.1(ve)-.4 G(rt\255meta \(On\)).1 E F0 .613(If set to)144 705.6
-R F1(On)3.113 E F0 3.113(,r)C .613(eadline will con)-3.113 F -.15(ve)-.4
-G .613(rt characters with the eighth bit set to an ASCII k).15 F .912
--.15(ey s)-.1 H .612(equence by).15 F .541
-(stripping the eighth bit and pre\214xing an escape character \(in ef)
-144 717.6 R .541(fect, using escape as the)-.25 F F2 .542(meta pr)3.042
-F(e-)-.37 E<8c78>144 729.6 Q F0(\).)A(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q
-(2011 April 11)146.785 E(36)195.945 E 0 Cg EP
+.237(re simply listed)-2.737 F(on the terminal.)144 717.6 Q
+(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2011 July 7)151.505 E(36)200.665 E 0 Cg EP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(disable\255completion \(Off\))108 84 Q F0
-.038(If set to)144 96 R F1(On)2.538 E F0 2.538(,r)C .038
-(eadline will inhibit w)-2.538 F .038(ord completion.)-.1 F .038
+-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(con)108 84 Q -.1(ve)-.4 G
+(rt\255meta \(On\)).1 E F0 .613(If set to)144 96 R F1(On)3.113 E F0
+3.113(,r)C .613(eadline will con)-3.113 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .613
+(rt characters with the eighth bit set to an ASCII k).15 F .912 -.15
+(ey s)-.1 H .612(equence by).15 F .541
+(stripping the eighth bit and pre\214xing an escape character \(in ef)
+144 108 R .541(fect, using escape as the)-.25 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
+.542(meta pr)3.042 F(e-)-.37 E<8c78>144 120 Q F0(\).)A F1
+(disable\255completion \(Off\))108 132 Q F0 .038(If set to)144 144 R F1
+(On)2.538 E F0 2.538(,r)C .038(eadline will inhibit w)-2.538 F .038
+(ord completion.)-.1 F .038
(Completion characters will be inserted into the)5.038 F(line as if the)
-144 108 Q 2.5(yh)-.15 G(ad been mapped to)-2.5 E F1(self-insert)2.5 E F0
-(.)A F1(editing\255mode \(emacs\))108 120 Q F0 .141
-(Controls whether readline be)144 132 R .141(gins with a set of k)-.15 F
-.441 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .141(indings similar to).15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0
-SF(Emacs)2.642 E F0(or)2.642 E F2(vi)2.642 E F0(.)A F1(editing\255mode)
-5.142 E F0(can be set to either)144 144 Q F1(emacs)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1
-(vi)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(echo\255contr)108 156 Q(ol\255characters \(On\))-.18
-E F0 1.211(When set to)144 168 R F1(On)3.711 E F0 3.711(,o)C 3.711(no)
--3.711 G 1.211(perating systems that indicate the)-3.711 F 3.711(ys)-.15
-G 1.21(upport it, readline echoes a character)-3.711 F
-(corresponding to a signal generated from the k)144 180 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G
-(board.).15 E F1(enable\255k)108 192 Q(eypad \(Off\))-.1 E F0 .892
-(When set to)144 204 R F1(On)3.393 E F0 3.393(,r)C .893
+144 156 Q 2.5(yh)-.15 G(ad been mapped to)-2.5 E F1(self-insert)2.5 E F0
+(.)A F1(editing\255mode \(emacs\))108 168 Q F0 .141
+(Controls whether readline be)144 180 R .141(gins with a set of k)-.15 F
+.441 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .141(indings similar to).15 F F2(Emacs)2.642 E F0
+(or)2.642 E F2(vi)2.642 E F0(.)A F1(editing\255mode)5.142 E F0
+(can be set to either)144 192 Q F1(emacs)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1(vi)2.5 E
+F0(.)A F1(echo\255contr)108 204 Q(ol\255characters \(On\))-.18 E F0
+1.211(When set to)144 216 R F1(On)3.711 E F0 3.711(,o)C 3.711(no)-3.711
+G 1.211(perating systems that indicate the)-3.711 F 3.711(ys)-.15 G 1.21
+(upport it, readline echoes a character)-3.711 F
+(corresponding to a signal generated from the k)144 228 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G
+(board.).15 E F1(enable\255k)108 240 Q(eypad \(Off\))-.1 E F0 .892
+(When set to)144 252 R F1(On)3.393 E F0 3.393(,r)C .893
(eadline will try to enable the application k)-3.393 F -.15(ey)-.1 G
.893(pad when it is called.).15 F .893(Some sys-)5.893 F
-(tems need this to enable the arro)144 216 Q 2.5(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey)-2.6
-G(s.).15 E F1(enable\255meta\255k)108 228 Q(ey \(On\))-.1 E F0 .64
-(When set to)144 240 R F1(On)3.14 E F0 3.14(,r)C .64
+(tems need this to enable the arro)144 264 Q 2.5(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey)-2.6
+G(s.).15 E F1(enable\255meta\255k)108 276 Q(ey \(On\))-.1 E F0 .64
+(When set to)144 288 R F1(On)3.14 E F0 3.14(,r)C .64
(eadline will try to enable an)-3.14 F 3.14(ym)-.15 G .64
(eta modi\214er k)-3.14 F .94 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .64
-(he terminal claims to support).15 F(when it is called.)144 252 Q
+(he terminal claims to support).15 F(when it is called.)144 300 Q
(On man)5 E 2.5(yt)-.15 G(erminals, the meta k)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ey i)-.1 H
2.5(su).15 G(sed to send eight-bit characters.)-2.5 E F1
-(expand\255tilde \(Off\))108 264 Q F0(If set to)144 276 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0
+(expand\255tilde \(Off\))108 312 Q F0(If set to)144 324 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0
2.5(,t)C(ilde e)-2.5 E(xpansion is performed when readline attempts w)
--.15 E(ord completion.)-.1 E F1(history\255pr)108 288 Q(eser)-.18 E -.1
-(ve)-.1 G(\255point \(Off\)).1 E F0 1.338(If set to)144 300 R F1(On)
+-.15 E(ord completion.)-.1 E F1(history\255pr)108 336 Q(eser)-.18 E -.1
+(ve)-.1 G(\255point \(Off\)).1 E F0 1.338(If set to)144 348 R F1(On)
3.838 E F0 3.838(,t)C 1.338(he history code attempts to place point at \
-the same location on each history line)-3.838 F(retrie)144 312 Q -.15
+the same location on each history line)-3.838 F(retrie)144 360 Q -.15
(ve)-.25 G 2.5(dw).15 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(pr)2.5 E -.15(ev)-.18 G
(ious-history).15 E F0(or)2.5 E F1(next-history)2.5 E F0(.)A F1
-(history\255size \(0\))108 324 Q F0 .463
-(Set the maximum number of history entries sa)144 336 R -.15(ve)-.2 G
+(history\255size \(0\))108 372 Q F0 .463
+(Set the maximum number of history entries sa)144 384 R -.15(ve)-.2 G
2.963(di).15 G 2.963(nt)-2.963 G .463(he history list.)-2.963 F .462
(If set to zero, the number of)5.463 F
-(entries in the history list is not limited.)144 348 Q F1
-(horizontal\255scr)108 360 Q(oll\255mode \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .448
-(When set to)144 372 R F1(On)2.948 E F0 2.948(,m)C(ak)-2.948 E .448
+(entries in the history list is not limited.)144 396 Q F1
+(horizontal\255scr)108 408 Q(oll\255mode \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .448
+(When set to)144 420 R F1(On)2.948 E F0 2.948(,m)C(ak)-2.948 E .448
(es readline use a single line for display)-.1 F 2.948(,s)-.65 G .449
(crolling the input horizontally on a)-2.948 F 1.194(single screen line\
when it becomes longer than the screen width rather than wrapping to a\
- ne)144 384 R(w)-.25 E(line.)144 396 Q F1(input\255meta \(Off\))108 408
-Q F0 .227(If set to)144 420 R F1(On)2.727 E F0 2.727(,r)C .228(eadline \
+ ne)144 432 R(w)-.25 E(line.)144 444 Q F1(input\255meta \(Off\))108 456
+Q F0 .227(If set to)144 468 R F1(On)2.727 E F0 2.727(,r)C .228(eadline \
will enable eight-bit input \(that is, it will not strip the high bit f\
-rom the char)-2.727 F(-)-.2 E .957(acters it reads\), re)144 432 R -.05
+rom the char)-2.727 F(-)-.2 E .957(acters it reads\), re)144 480 R -.05
(ga)-.15 G .956(rdless of what the terminal claims it can support.).05 F
.956(The name)5.956 F F1(meta\255\215ag)3.456 E F0 .956(is a)3.456 F
-(synon)144 444 Q(ym for this v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(isear)108 456 Q
+(synon)144 492 Q(ym for this v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(isear)108 504 Q
(ch\255terminators \(`)-.18 E(`C\255[C\255J')-.63 E('\))-.63 E F0 .439(\
The string of characters that should terminate an incremental search wi\
-thout subsequently e)144 468 R -.15(xe)-.15 G(cut-).15 E .935
-(ing the character as a command.)144 480 R .935(If this v)5.935 F .935
+thout subsequently e)144 516 R -.15(xe)-.15 G(cut-).15 E .935
+(ing the character as a command.)144 528 R .935(If this v)5.935 F .935
(ariable has not been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.434(nav).15 G .934
-(alue, the characters)-3.684 F F2(ESC)3.434 E F0(and)144 492 Q F2
+(alue, the characters)-3.684 F F2(ESC)3.434 E F0(and)144 540 Q F2
(C\255J)2.5 E F0(will terminate an incremental search.)2.5 E F1 -.1(ke)
-108 504 S(ymap \(emacs\)).1 E F0 2.02(Set the current readline k)144 516
+108 552 S(ymap \(emacs\)).1 E F0 2.02(Set the current readline k)144 564
R -.15(ey)-.1 G 4.521(map. The).15 F 2.021(set of v)4.521 F 2.021
(alid k)-.25 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.021(map names is).15 F F2 2.021
(emacs, emacs\255standar)4.521 F(d,)-.37 E .069
-(emacs\255meta, emacs\255ctlx, vi, vi\255command)144 528 R F0 2.568(,a)C
+(emacs\255meta, emacs\255ctlx, vi, vi\255command)144 576 R F0 2.568(,a)C
(nd)-2.568 E F2(vi\255insert)2.568 E F0(.).68 E F2(vi)5.068 E F0 .068
(is equi)2.568 F -.25(va)-.25 G .068(lent to).25 F F2(vi\255command)
-2.568 E F0(;)A F2(emacs)2.568 E F0 1.543(is equi)144 540 R -.25(va)-.25
+2.568 E F0(;)A F2(emacs)2.568 E F0 1.543(is equi)144 588 R -.25(va)-.25
G 1.543(lent to).25 F F2(emacs\255standar)4.044 E(d)-.37 E F0 6.544(.T)C
1.544(he def)-6.544 F 1.544(ault v)-.1 F 1.544(alue is)-.25 F F2(emacs)
4.044 E F0 4.044(;t).27 G 1.544(he v)-4.044 F 1.544(alue of)-.25 F F1
-(editing\255mode)4.044 E F0(also)4.044 E(af)144 552 Q(fects the def)-.25
-E(ault k)-.1 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(map.).15 E F1(mark\255dir)108 564 Q
-(ectories \(On\))-.18 E F0(If set to)144 576 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,c)C
+(editing\255mode)4.044 E F0(also)4.044 E(af)144 600 Q(fects the def)-.25
+E(ault k)-.1 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(map.).15 E F1(mark\255dir)108 612 Q
+(ectories \(On\))-.18 E F0(If set to)144 624 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,c)C
(ompleted directory names ha)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a s)-.2 H(lash appended.)
-.15 E F1(mark\255modi\214ed\255lines \(Off\))108 588 Q F0(If set to)144
-600 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,h)C(istory lines that ha)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve b)
+.15 E F1(mark\255modi\214ed\255lines \(Off\))108 636 Q F0(If set to)144
+648 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,h)C(istory lines that ha)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve b)
-.2 H(een modi\214ed are displayed with a preceding asterisk \().15 E F1
-(*)A F0(\).)A F1(mark\255symlink)108 612 Q(ed\255dir)-.1 E
-(ectories \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .175(If set to)144 624 R F1(On)2.675 E F0
+(*)A F0(\).)A F1(mark\255symlink)108 660 Q(ed\255dir)-.1 E
+(ectories \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .175(If set to)144 672 R F1(On)2.675 E F0
2.675(,c)C .175
(ompleted names which are symbolic links to directories ha)-2.675 F .475
--.15(ve a s)-.2 H .175(lash appended \(sub-).15 F(ject to the v)144 636
+-.15(ve a s)-.2 H .175(lash appended \(sub-).15 F(ject to the v)144 684
Q(alue of)-.25 E F1(mark\255dir)2.5 E(ectories)-.18 E F0(\).)A F1
-(match\255hidden\255\214les \(On\))108 648 Q F0 .192(This v)144 660 R
+(match\255hidden\255\214les \(On\))108 696 Q F0 .192(This v)144 708 R
.192(ariable, when set to)-.25 F F1(On)2.692 E F0 2.692(,c)C .192
(auses readline to match \214les whose names be)-2.692 F .193
(gin with a `.)-.15 F 2.693('\()-.7 G(hidden)-2.693 E .457
-(\214les\) when performing \214lename completion.)144 672 R .456
+(\214les\) when performing \214lename completion.)144 720 R .456
(If set to)5.456 F F1(Off)2.956 E F0 2.956(,t)C .456(he leading `.)
-2.956 F 2.956('m)-.7 G .456(ust be supplied by the)-2.956 F
-(user in the \214lename to be completed.)144 684 Q F1
-(menu\255complete\255display\255pr)108 696 Q(e\214x \(Off\))-.18 E F0
-1.585(If set to)144 708 R F1(On)4.085 E F0 4.085(,m)C 1.585(enu complet\
-ion displays the common pre\214x of the list of possible completions)
--4.085 F(\(which may be empty\) before c)144 720 Q
-(ycling through the list.)-.15 E(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2011 April 11)
-146.785 E(37)195.945 E 0 Cg EP
+(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2011 July 7)151.505 E(37)200.665 E 0 Cg EP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(output\255meta \(Off\))108 84 Q F0 .507
-(If set to)144 96 R F1(On)3.007 E F0 3.007(,r)C .507(eadline will displ\
-ay characters with the eighth bit set directly rather than as a meta-)
--3.007 F(pre\214x)144 108 Q(ed escape sequence.)-.15 E F1
-(page\255completions \(On\))108 120 Q F0 .808(If set to)144 132 R F1(On)
+-.35 E(user in the \214lename to be completed.)144 84 Q/F1 10
+/Times-Bold@0 SF(menu\255complete\255display\255pr)108 96 Q
+(e\214x \(Off\))-.18 E F0 1.585(If set to)144 108 R F1(On)4.085 E F0
+4.085(,m)C 1.585(enu completion displays the common pre\214x of the lis\
+t of possible completions)-4.085 F(\(which may be empty\) before c)144
+120 Q(ycling through the list.)-.15 E F1(output\255meta \(Off\))108 132
+Q F0 .507(If set to)144 144 R F1(On)3.007 E F0 3.007(,r)C .507(eadline \
+will display characters with the eighth bit set directly rather than as\
+ a meta-)-3.007 F(pre\214x)144 156 Q(ed escape sequence.)-.15 E F1
+(page\255completions \(On\))108 168 Q F0 .808(If set to)144 180 R F1(On)
3.308 E F0 3.308(,r)C .808(eadline uses an internal)-3.308 F/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(mor)3.308 E(e)-.37 E F0(-lik)A 3.308(ep)-.1 G .808
(ager to display a screenful of possible comple-)-3.308 F
-(tions at a time.)144 144 Q F1
-(print\255completions\255horizontally \(Off\))108 156 Q F0 1.319
-(If set to)144 168 R F1(On)3.819 E F0 3.819(,r)C 1.318(eadline will dis\
+(tions at a time.)144 192 Q F1
+(print\255completions\255horizontally \(Off\))108 204 Q F0 1.319
+(If set to)144 216 R F1(On)3.819 E F0 3.819(,r)C 1.318(eadline will dis\
play completions with matches sorted horizontally in alphabetical)-3.819
-F(order)144 180 Q 2.5(,r)-.4 G(ather than do)-2.5 E(wn the screen.)-.25
-E F1 -2.29 -.18(re v)108 192 T(ert\255all\255at\255newline \(Off\)).08 E
-F0 .698(If set to)144 204 R F1(On)3.198 E F0 3.198(,r)C .699
+F(order)144 228 Q 2.5(,r)-.4 G(ather than do)-2.5 E(wn the screen.)-.25
+E F1 -2.29 -.18(re v)108 240 T(ert\255all\255at\255newline \(Off\)).08 E
+F0 .698(If set to)144 252 R F1(On)3.198 E F0 3.198(,r)C .699
(eadline will undo all changes to history lines before returning when)
--3.198 F F1(accept\255line)3.199 E F0(is)3.199 E -.15(exe)144 216 S
+-3.198 F F1(accept\255line)3.199 E F0(is)3.199 E -.15(exe)144 264 S
2.686(cuted. By).15 F(def)2.686 E .186
(ault, history lines may be modi\214ed and retain indi)-.1 F .186
-(vidual undo lists across calls to)-.25 F F1 -.18(re)144 228 S(adline)
-.18 E F0(.)A F1(sho)108 240 Q(w\255all\255if\255ambiguous \(Off\))-.1 E
-F0 .303(This alters the def)144 252 R .303(ault beha)-.1 F .304
+(vidual undo lists across calls to)-.25 F F1 -.18(re)144 276 S(adline)
+.18 E F0(.)A F1(sho)108 288 Q(w\255all\255if\255ambiguous \(Off\))-.1 E
+F0 .303(This alters the def)144 300 R .303(ault beha)-.1 F .304
(vior of the completion functions.)-.2 F .304(If set to)5.304 F F1(On)
2.804 E F0 2.804(,w)C .304(ords which ha)-2.904 F .604 -.15(ve m)-.2 H
(ore).15 E 1.264(than one possible completion cause the matches to be l\
-isted immediately instead of ringing the)144 264 R(bell.)144 276 Q F1
-(sho)108 288 Q(w\255all\255if\255unmodi\214ed \(Off\))-.1 E F0 5.345
-(This alters the def)144 300 R 5.345(ault beha)-.1 F 5.345
+isted immediately instead of ringing the)144 312 R(bell.)144 324 Q F1
+(sho)108 336 Q(w\255all\255if\255unmodi\214ed \(Off\))-.1 E F0 5.345
+(This alters the def)144 348 R 5.345(ault beha)-.1 F 5.345
(vior of the completion functions in a f)-.2 F 5.346(ashion similar to)
--.1 F F1(sho)144 312 Q(w\255all\255if\255ambiguous)-.1 E F0 6.691(.I)C
+-.1 F F1(sho)144 360 Q(w\255all\255if\255ambiguous)-.1 E F0 6.691(.I)C
4.191(fs)-6.691 G 1.691(et to)-4.191 F F1(On)4.191 E F0 4.191(,w)C 1.691
(ords which ha)-4.291 F 1.991 -.15(ve m)-.2 H 1.691
-(ore than one possible completion).15 F 1.039(without an)144 324 R 3.539
+(ore than one possible completion).15 F 1.039(without an)144 372 R 3.539
(yp)-.15 G 1.039
(ossible partial completion \(the possible completions don')-3.539 F
3.539(ts)-.18 G 1.04(hare a common pre\214x\))-3.539 F(cause the matche\
-s to be listed immediately instead of ringing the bell.)144 336 Q F1
-(skip\255completed\255text \(Off\))108 348 Q F0 .095(If set to)144 360 R
+s to be listed immediately instead of ringing the bell.)144 384 Q F1
+(skip\255completed\255text \(Off\))108 396 Q F0 .095(If set to)144 408 R
F1(On)2.595 E F0 2.595(,t)C .095(his alters the def)-2.595 F .095
(ault completion beha)-.1 F .094
-(vior when inserting a single match into the line.)-.2 F(It')144 372 Q
+(vior when inserting a single match into the line.)-.2 F(It')144 420 Q
2.545(so)-.55 G .045(nly acti)-2.545 F .345 -.15(ve w)-.25 H .046
(hen performing completion in the middle of a w).15 F 2.546(ord. If)-.1
F .046(enabled, readline does not)2.546 F 1.394(insert characters from \
-the completion that match characters after point in the w)144 384 R
-1.394(ord being com-)-.1 F(pleted, so portions of the w)144 396 Q
+the completion that match characters after point in the w)144 432 R
+1.394(ord being com-)-.1 F(pleted, so portions of the w)144 444 Q
(ord follo)-.1 E(wing the cursor are not duplicated.)-.25 E F1
-(visible\255stats \(Off\))108 408 Q F0 .846(If set to)144 420 R F1(On)
+(visible\255stats \(Off\))108 456 Q F0 .846(If set to)144 468 R F1(On)
3.346 E F0 3.346(,ac)C .846(haracter denoting a \214le')-3.346 F 3.346
(st)-.55 G .846(ype as reported by)-3.346 F F2(stat)3.346 E F0 .846
(\(2\) is appended to the \214lename)B
-(when listing possible completions.)144 432 Q F1
-(Readline Conditional Constructs)87 448.8 Q F0 .05
-(Readline implements a f)108 460.8 R .05(acility similar in spirit to t\
+(when listing possible completions.)144 480 Q F1
+(Readline Conditional Constructs)87 496.8 Q F0 .05
+(Readline implements a f)108 508.8 R .05(acility similar in spirit to t\
he conditional compilation features of the C preprocessor)-.1 F .096
-(which allo)108 472.8 R .096(ws k)-.25 F .396 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .096
+(which allo)108 520.8 R .096(ws k)-.25 F .396 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .096
(indings and v).15 F .096
(ariable settings to be performed as the result of tests.)-.25 F .097
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(ey s)-.1 H .174
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+(wercase the current \(or follo)-.25 F 1.648(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.148
+(ord. W)-.1 F 1.647(ith a ne)-.4 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.947 -.15
+(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.647(ument, lo).18 F 1.647(wercase the pre)
+-.25 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 144 S(rd, b).1 E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3
+-.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(capitalize\255w)108 156 Q
+(ord \(M\255c\))-.1 E F0 1.974(Capitalize the current \(or follo)144 168
+R 1.974(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.474(ord. W)-.1 F 1.974(ith a ne)-.4 F -.05(ga)
+-.15 G(ti).05 E 2.274 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.975
+(ument, capitalize the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 180 S(rd, b).1
+E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1 -.1(ove)108 192
+S(rwrite\255mode).1 E F0 -.8(To)144 204 S .438(ggle o).8 F -.15(ve)-.15
+G .438(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4(Wi)5.438 G .438(th an e).4 F .438
+(xplicit positi)-.15 F .737 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .437(umeric ar).15 F .437
+(gument, switches to o)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .437(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4
+(Wi)144 216 S .78(th an e).4 F .781(xplicit non-positi)-.15 F 1.081 -.15
+(ve n)-.25 H .781(umeric ar).15 F .781(gument, switches to insert mode.)
+-.18 F .781(This command af)5.781 F(fects)-.25 E(only)144 228 Q F1
+(emacs)4.395 E F0(mode;)4.395 E F1(vi)4.395 E F0 1.894(mode does o)4.395
+F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.894(rwrite dif).15 F(ferently)-.25 E 6.894(.E)-.65 G
+1.894(ach call to)-6.894 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.37(re)4.394 G
+(adline\(\)).37 E F0 1.894(starts in insert)4.394 F 3.968(mode. In)144
+240 R -.15(ove)3.968 G 1.468(rwrite mode, characters bound to).15 F F1
+(self\255insert)3.969 E F0 1.469(replace the te)3.969 F 1.469
+(xt at point rather than)-.15 F .958(pushing the te)144 252 R .958
+(xt to the right.)-.15 F .957(Characters bound to)5.958 F F1
+(backward\255delete\255char)3.457 E F0 .957(replace the character)3.457
+F(before point with a space.)144 264 Q(By def)5 E
+(ault, this command is unbound.)-.1 E F1(Killing and Y)87 280.8 Q
+(anking)-.85 E(kill\255line \(C\255k\))108 292.8 Q F0(Kill the te)144
+304.8 Q(xt from point to the end of the line.)-.15 E F1
+(backward\255kill\255line \(C\255x Rubout\))108 316.8 Q F0(Kill backw)
+144 328.8 Q(ard to the be)-.1 E(ginning of the line.)-.15 E F1
+(unix\255line\255discard \(C\255u\))108 340.8 Q F0(Kill backw)144 352.8
Q(ard from point to the be)-.1 E(ginning of the line.)-.15 E
(The killed te)5 E(xt is sa)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(do).15 G 2.5(nt)
--2.5 G(he kill-ring.)-2.5 E F1(kill\255whole\255line)108 292.8 Q F0
+-2.5 G(he kill-ring.)-2.5 E F1(kill\255whole\255line)108 364.8 Q F0
(Kill all characters on the current line, no matter where point is.)144
-304.8 Q F1(kill\255w)108 316.8 Q(ord \(M\255d\))-.1 E F0 .728
-(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 328.8 R .729
+376.8 Q F1(kill\255w)108 388.8 Q(ord \(M\255d\))-.1 E F0 .728
+(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 400.8 R .729
(ord, or if between w)-.1 F .729(ords, to the end of the ne)-.1 F .729
-(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 340.8 S
+(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 412.8 S
(rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1 -.25(fo)2.5 G
-(rward\255w).25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(backward\255kill\255w)108 352.8 Q
-(ord \(M\255Rubout\))-.1 E F0(Kill the w)144 364.8 Q(ord behind point.)
+(rward\255w).25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(backward\255kill\255w)108 424.8 Q
+(ord \(M\255Rubout\))-.1 E F0(Kill the w)144 436.8 Q(ord behind point.)
-.1 E -.8(Wo)5 G(rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1
-(backward\255w)2.5 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(shell\255kill\255w)108 376.8 Q
+(backward\255w)2.5 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(shell\255kill\255w)108 448.8 Q
(ord \(M\255d\))-.1 E F0 .729
-(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 388.8 R .728
+(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 460.8 R .728
(ord, or if between w)-.1 F .728(ords, to the end of the ne)-.1 F .728
-(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 400.8 S
+(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 472.8 S
(rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1(shell\255f)2.5 E
(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(shell\255backward\255kill\255w)
-108 412.8 Q(ord \(M\255Rubout\))-.1 E F0 3.025(Kill the w)144 424.8 R
+108 484.8 Q(ord \(M\255Rubout\))-.1 E F0 3.025(Kill the w)144 496.8 R
3.025(ord behind point.)-.1 F -.8(Wo)8.025 G 3.025
(rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 F F1(shell\255back-)
-5.525 E(ward\255w)144 436.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(unix\255w)108 448.8 Q
-(ord\255rubout \(C\255w\))-.1 E F0 .365(Kill the w)144 460.8 R .365
+5.525 E(ward\255w)144 508.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(unix\255w)108 520.8 Q
+(ord\255rubout \(C\255w\))-.1 E F0 .365(Kill the w)144 532.8 R .365
(ord behind point, using white space as a w)-.1 F .364(ord boundary)-.1
F 5.364(.T)-.65 G .364(he killed te)-5.364 F .364(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15
(ve)-.2 G 2.864(do).15 G 2.864(nt)-2.864 G(he)-2.864 E(kill-ring.)144
-472.8 Q F1(unix\255\214lename\255rubout)108 484.8 Q F0 .166(Kill the w)
-144 496.8 R .166
+544.8 Q F1(unix\255\214lename\255rubout)108 556.8 Q F0 .166(Kill the w)
+144 568.8 R .166
(ord behind point, using white space and the slash character as the w)
--.1 F .167(ord boundaries.)-.1 F(The)5.167 E(killed te)144 508.8 Q
+-.1 F .167(ord boundaries.)-.1 F(The)5.167 E(killed te)144 580.8 Q
(xt is sa)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(do).15 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G(he kill-ring.)
--2.5 E F1(delete\255horizontal\255space \(M\255\\\))108 520.8 Q F0
-(Delete all spaces and tabs around point.)144 532.8 Q F1(kill\255r)108
-544.8 Q(egion)-.18 E F0(Kill the te)144 556.8 Q(xt in the current re)
--.15 E(gion.)-.15 E F1(copy\255r)108 568.8 Q(egion\255as\255kill)-.18 E
-F0(Cop)144 580.8 Q 2.5(yt)-.1 G(he te)-2.5 E(xt in the re)-.15 E
+-2.5 E F1(delete\255horizontal\255space \(M\255\\\))108 592.8 Q F0
+(Delete all spaces and tabs around point.)144 604.8 Q F1(kill\255r)108
+616.8 Q(egion)-.18 E F0(Kill the te)144 628.8 Q(xt in the current re)
+-.15 E(gion.)-.15 E F1(copy\255r)108 640.8 Q(egion\255as\255kill)-.18 E
+F0(Cop)144 652.8 Q 2.5(yt)-.1 G(he te)-2.5 E(xt in the re)-.15 E
(gion to the kill b)-.15 E(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E(.)-.55 E F1
-(copy\255backward\255w)108 592.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(Cop)144 604.8 Q 4.801
+(copy\255backward\255w)108 664.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(Cop)144 676.8 Q 4.801
(yt)-.1 G 2.301(he w)-4.801 F 2.301(ord before point to the kill b)-.1 F
(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 7.301(.T)-.55 G 2.301(he w)-7.301 F 2.3
-(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1(back-)4.8 E(ward\255w)144 616.8
-Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(copy\255f)108 628.8 Q(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E
-F0(Cop)144 640.8 Q 4.507(yt)-.1 G 2.007(he w)-4.507 F 2.007(ord follo)
+(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1(back-)4.8 E(ward\255w)144 688.8
+Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(copy\255f)108 700.8 Q(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E
+F0(Cop)144 712.8 Q 4.507(yt)-.1 G 2.007(he w)-4.507 F 2.007(ord follo)
-.1 F 2.007(wing point to the kill b)-.25 F(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 7.008
(.T)-.55 G 2.008(he w)-7.008 F 2.008(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1
-F F1 -.25(fo)4.508 G -.37(r-).25 G(ward\255w)144 652.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)
-A F1(yank \(C\255y\))108 664.8 Q F0 -1(Ya)144 676.8 S
-(nk the top of the kill ring into the b)1 E(uf)-.2 E(fer at point.)-.25
-E F1(yank\255pop \(M\255y\))108 688.8 Q F0
-(Rotate the kill ring, and yank the ne)144 700.8 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G 2.5
-(op. Only)-2.5 F -.1(wo)2.5 G(rks follo).1 E(wing)-.25 E F1(yank)2.5 E
-F0(or)2.5 E F1(yank\255pop)2.5 E F0(.)A(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q
-(2011 April 11)146.785 E(42)195.945 E 0 Cg EP
+F F1 -.25(fo)4.508 G -.37(r-).25 G(ward\255w)144 724.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)
+A(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2011 July 7)151.505 E(42)200.665 E 0 Cg EP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Numeric Ar)87 84 Q(guments)-.1 E
-(digit\255ar)108 96 Q(gument \(M\2550, M\2551, ..., M\255\255\))-.1 E F0
-.642(Add this digit to the ar)144 108 R .641
+-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(yank \(C\255y\))108 84 Q F0 -1(Ya)144 96 S
+(nk the top of the kill ring into the b)1 E(uf)-.2 E(fer at point.)-.25
+E F1(yank\255pop \(M\255y\))108 108 Q F0
+(Rotate the kill ring, and yank the ne)144 120 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G 2.5
+(op. Only)-2.5 F -.1(wo)2.5 G(rks follo).1 E(wing)-.25 E F1(yank)2.5 E
+F0(or)2.5 E F1(yank\255pop)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(Numeric Ar)87 136.8 Q
+(guments)-.1 E(digit\255ar)108 148.8 Q
+(gument \(M\2550, M\2551, ..., M\255\255\))-.1 E F0 .642
+(Add this digit to the ar)144 160.8 R .641
(gument already accumulating, or start a ne)-.18 F 3.141(wa)-.25 G -.18
(rg)-3.141 G 3.141(ument. M\255\255).18 F .641(starts a ne)3.141 F(g-)
--.15 E(ati)144 120 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G(ument.).18 E F1
-(uni)108 132 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0 .778
-(This is another w)144 144 R .779(ay to specify an ar)-.1 F 3.279
+-.15 E(ati)144 172.8 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G(ument.).18 E F1
+(uni)108 184.8 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0 .778
+(This is another w)144 196.8 R .779(ay to specify an ar)-.1 F 3.279
(gument. If)-.18 F .779(this command is follo)3.279 F .779
(wed by one or more digits,)-.25 F 1.376
(optionally with a leading minus sign, those digits de\214ne the ar)144
-156 R 3.876(gument. If)-.18 F 1.376(the command is fol-)3.876 F(lo)144
-168 Q 1.17(wed by digits, e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(uni)
+208.8 R 3.876(gument. If)-.18 F 1.376(the command is fol-)3.876 F(lo)144
+220.8 Q 1.17(wed by digits, e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(uni)
3.67 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(ag)3.67 E 1.17
(ain ends the numeric ar)-.05 F 1.17(gument, b)-.18 F 1.17(ut is other)
--.2 F(-)-.2 E .899(wise ignored.)144 180 R .898
+-.2 F(-)-.2 E .899(wise ignored.)144 232.8 R .898
(As a special case, if this command is immediately follo)5.899 F .898
(wed by a character that is)-.25 F .243
-(neither a digit or minus sign, the ar)144 192 R .243
+(neither a digit or minus sign, the ar)144 244.8 R .243
(gument count for the ne)-.18 F .243(xt command is multiplied by four)
--.15 F 5.243(.T)-.55 G(he)-5.243 E(ar)144 204 Q .378
+-.15 F 5.243(.T)-.55 G(he)-5.243 E(ar)144 256.8 Q .378
(gument count is initially one, so e)-.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .378
(cuting this function the \214rst time mak).15 F .378(es the ar)-.1 F
-.378(gument count)-.18 F(four)144 216 Q 2.5(,as)-.4 G(econd time mak)
+.378(gument count)-.18 F(four)144 268.8 Q 2.5(,as)-.4 G(econd time mak)
-2.5 E(es the ar)-.1 E(gument count sixteen, and so on.)-.18 E F1
-(Completing)87 232.8 Q(complete \(T)108 244.8 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 1.137
-(Attempt to perform completion on the te)144 256.8 R 1.137
+(Completing)87 285.6 Q(complete \(T)108 297.6 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 1.137
+(Attempt to perform completion on the te)144 309.6 R 1.137
(xt before point.)-.15 F F1(Bash)6.137 E F0 1.137
-(attempts completion treating the)3.637 F(te)144 268.8 Q .533(xt as a v)
+(attempts completion treating the)3.637 F(te)144 321.6 Q .533(xt as a v)
-.15 F .533(ariable \(if the te)-.25 F .533(xt be)-.15 F .533(gins with)
-.15 F F1($)3.033 E F0 .533(\), username \(if the te)B .532(xt be)-.15 F
.532(gins with)-.15 F F1(~)3.032 E F0 .532(\), hostname \(if the)B(te)
-144 280.8 Q .701(xt be)-.15 F .701(gins with)-.15 F F1(@)3.201 E F0 .701
+144 333.6 Q .701(xt be)-.15 F .701(gins with)-.15 F F1(@)3.201 E F0 .701
(\), or command \(including aliases and functions\) in turn.)B .702
(If none of these pro-)5.701 F
-(duces a match, \214lename completion is attempted.)144 292.8 Q F1
-(possible\255completions \(M\255?\))108 304.8 Q F0
-(List the possible completions of the te)144 316.8 Q(xt before point.)
--.15 E F1(insert\255completions \(M\255*\))108 328.8 Q F0 .783
-(Insert all completions of the te)144 340.8 R .783
+(duces a match, \214lename completion is attempted.)144 345.6 Q F1
+(possible\255completions \(M\255?\))108 357.6 Q F0
+(List the possible completions of the te)144 369.6 Q(xt before point.)
+-.15 E F1(insert\255completions \(M\255*\))108 381.6 Q F0 .783
+(Insert all completions of the te)144 393.6 R .783
(xt before point that w)-.15 F .783(ould ha)-.1 F 1.083 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
.783(een generated by).15 F F1(possible\255com-)3.282 E(pletions)144
-352.8 Q F0(.)A F1(menu\255complete)108 364.8 Q F0 .928(Similar to)144
-376.8 R F1(complete)3.428 E F0 3.428(,b)C .929(ut replaces the w)-3.628
+405.6 Q F0(.)A F1(menu\255complete)108 417.6 Q F0 .928(Similar to)144
+429.6 R F1(complete)3.428 E F0 3.428(,b)C .929(ut replaces the w)-3.628
F .929(ord to be completed with a single match from the list of)-.1 F
-1.194(possible completions.)144 388.8 R 1.194(Repeated e)6.194 F -.15
+1.194(possible completions.)144 441.6 R 1.194(Repeated e)6.194 F -.15
(xe)-.15 G 1.194(cution of).15 F F1(menu\255complete)3.694 E F0 1.193
(steps through the list of possible)3.694 F .828
-(completions, inserting each match in turn.)144 400.8 R .828
+(completions, inserting each match in turn.)144 453.6 R .828
(At the end of the list of completions, the bell is rung)5.828 F .727
-(\(subject to the setting of)144 412.8 R F1(bell\255style)3.227 E F0
+(\(subject to the setting of)144 465.6 R F1(bell\255style)3.227 E F0
3.227(\)a)C .727(nd the original te)-3.227 F .727(xt is restored.)-.15 F
.727(An ar)5.727 F .727(gument of)-.18 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)3.227
E F0(mo)3.227 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(s).15 E F2(n)3.227 E F0 1.73
-(positions forw)144 424.8 R 1.73(ard in the list of matches; a ne)-.1 F
+(positions forw)144 477.6 R 1.73(ard in the list of matches; a ne)-.1 F
-.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 2.03 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.73
(ument may be used to mo).18 F 2.03 -.15(ve b)-.15 H(ackw).15 E(ard)-.1
-E(through the list.)144 436.8 Q(This command is intended to be bound to)
+E(through the list.)144 489.6 Q(This command is intended to be bound to)
5 E F1 -.9(TA)2.5 G(B).9 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut is unbound by def)-2.7 E
-(ault.)-.1 E F1(menu\255complete\255backward)108 448.8 Q F0 .82
-(Identical to)144 460.8 R F1(menu\255complete)3.32 E F0 3.32(,b)C .82
+(ault.)-.1 E F1(menu\255complete\255backward)108 501.6 Q F0 .82
+(Identical to)144 513.6 R F1(menu\255complete)3.32 E F0 3.32(,b)C .82
(ut mo)-3.52 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.32(sb).15 G(ackw)-3.32 E .82
(ard through the list of possible completions, as if)-.1 F F1
-(menu\255complete)144 472.8 Q F0(had been gi)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5
+(menu\255complete)144 525.6 Q F0(had been gi)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5
(nan).15 G -2.25 -.15(eg a)-2.5 H(ti).15 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg)
.15 G 2.5(ument. This).18 F(command is unbound by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E
-F1(delete\255char\255or\255list)108 484.8 Q F0 .234
-(Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the be)144 496.8 R
+F1(delete\255char\255or\255list)108 537.6 Q F0 .234
+(Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the be)144 549.6 R
.234(ginning or end of the line \(lik)-.15 F(e)-.1 E F1(delete\255char)
-2.735 E F0(\).)A .425(If at the end of the line, beha)144 508.8 R -.15
+2.735 E F0(\).)A .425(If at the end of the line, beha)144 561.6 R -.15
(ve)-.2 G 2.925(si).15 G .425(dentically to)-2.925 F F1
(possible\255completions)2.925 E F0 5.425(.T)C .425
-(his command is unbound)-5.425 F(by def)144 520.8 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1
-(complete\255\214lename \(M\255/\))108 532.8 Q F0
-(Attempt \214lename completion on the te)144 544.8 Q(xt before point.)
--.15 E F1(possible\255\214lename\255completions \(C\255x /\))108 556.8 Q
-F0(List the possible completions of the te)144 568.8 Q
+(his command is unbound)-5.425 F(by def)144 573.6 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1
+(complete\255\214lename \(M\255/\))108 585.6 Q F0
+(Attempt \214lename completion on the te)144 597.6 Q(xt before point.)
+-.15 E F1(possible\255\214lename\255completions \(C\255x /\))108 609.6 Q
+F0(List the possible completions of the te)144 621.6 Q
(xt before point, treating it as a \214lename.)-.15 E F1
-(complete\255user)108 580.8 Q(name \(M\255~\))-.15 E F0
-(Attempt completion on the te)144 592.8 Q
+(complete\255user)108 633.6 Q(name \(M\255~\))-.15 E F0
+(Attempt completion on the te)144 645.6 Q
(xt before point, treating it as a username.)-.15 E F1(possible\255user)
-108 604.8 Q(name\255completions \(C\255x ~\))-.15 E F0
-(List the possible completions of the te)144 616.8 Q
+108 657.6 Q(name\255completions \(C\255x ~\))-.15 E F0
+(List the possible completions of the te)144 669.6 Q
(xt before point, treating it as a username.)-.15 E F1(complete\255v)108
-628.8 Q(ariable \(M\255$\))-.1 E F0(Attempt completion on the te)144
-640.8 Q(xt before point, treating it as a shell v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E
-F1(possible\255v)108 652.8 Q(ariable\255completions \(C\255x $\))-.1 E
-F0(List the possible completions of the te)144 664.8 Q
-(xt before point, treating it as a shell v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1
-(complete\255hostname \(M\255@\))108 676.8 Q F0
-(Attempt completion on the te)144 688.8 Q
-(xt before point, treating it as a hostname.)-.15 E F1
-(possible\255hostname\255completions \(C\255x @\))108 700.8 Q F0
-(List the possible completions of the te)144 712.8 Q
-(xt before point, treating it as a hostname.)-.15 E(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768
-Q(2011 April 11)146.785 E(43)195.945 E 0 Cg EP
+681.6 Q(ariable \(M\255$\))-.1 E F0(Attempt completion on the te)144
+693.6 Q(xt before point, treating it as a shell v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E
+F1(possible\255v)108 705.6 Q(ariable\255completions \(C\255x $\))-.1 E
+F0(List the possible completions of the te)144 717.6 Q
+(xt before point, treating it as a shell v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E
+(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2011 July 7)151.505 E(43)200.665 E 0 Cg EP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(complete\255command \(M\255!\))108 84 Q F0
-.58(Attempt completion on the te)144 96 R .581
+-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(complete\255hostname \(M\255@\))108 84 Q F0
+(Attempt completion on the te)144 96 Q
+(xt before point, treating it as a hostname.)-.15 E F1
+(possible\255hostname\255completions \(C\255x @\))108 108 Q F0
+(List the possible completions of the te)144 120 Q
+(xt before point, treating it as a hostname.)-.15 E F1
+(complete\255command \(M\255!\))108 132 Q F0 .58
+(Attempt completion on the te)144 144 R .581
(xt before point, treating it as a command name.)-.15 F .581
-(Command comple-)5.581 F .715(tion attempts to match the te)144 108 R
+(Command comple-)5.581 F .715(tion attempts to match the te)144 156 R
.715(xt ag)-.15 F .715(ainst aliases, reserv)-.05 F .715(ed w)-.15 F
.715(ords, shell functions, shell b)-.1 F .715(uiltins, and)-.2 F
-(\214nally e)144 120 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G
+(\214nally e)144 168 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G
(cutable \214lenames, in that order).15 E(.)-.55 E F1
-(possible\255command\255completions \(C\255x !\))108 132 Q F0
-(List the possible completions of the te)144 144 Q
+(possible\255command\255completions \(C\255x !\))108 180 Q F0
+(List the possible completions of the te)144 192 Q
(xt before point, treating it as a command name.)-.15 E F1
-(dynamic\255complete\255history \(M\255T)108 156 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 .424
-(Attempt completion on the te)144 168 R .425
+(dynamic\255complete\255history \(M\255T)108 204 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 .424
+(Attempt completion on the te)144 216 R .425
(xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .425(xt ag)-.15 F .425
(ainst lines from the history list)-.05 F
-(for possible completion matches.)144 180 Q F1(dab)108 192 Q(br)-.1 E
+(for possible completion matches.)144 228 Q F1(dab)108 240 Q(br)-.1 E
-.15(ev)-.18 G(\255expand).15 E F0 .611
-(Attempt menu completion on the te)144 204 R .611
+(Attempt menu completion on the te)144 252 R .611
(xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .61(xt ag)-.15 F .61
(ainst lines from the his-)-.05 F
-(tory list for possible completion matches.)144 216 Q F1
-(complete\255into\255braces \(M\255{\))108 228 Q F0 .4(Perform \214lena\
+(tory list for possible completion matches.)144 264 Q F1
+(complete\255into\255braces \(M\255{\))108 276 Q F0 .4(Perform \214lena\
me completion and insert the list of possible completions enclosed with\
-in braces so)144 240 R(the list is a)144 252 Q -.25(va)-.2 G
+in braces so)144 288 R(the list is a)144 300 Q -.25(va)-.2 G
(ilable to the shell \(see).25 E F1(Brace Expansion)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E
--.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1 -.25(Ke)87 268.8 S(yboard Macr).25 E(os)-.18
-E(start\255kbd\255macr)108 280.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x \()-2.5 E(\))
-.833 E F0(Be)144 292.8 Q(gin sa)-.15 E
+-.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1 -.25(Ke)87 316.8 S(yboard Macr).25 E(os)-.18
+E(start\255kbd\255macr)108 328.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x \()-2.5 E(\))
+.833 E F0(Be)144 340.8 Q(gin sa)-.15 E
(ving the characters typed into the current k)-.2 E -.15(ey)-.1 G
-(board macro.).15 E F1(end\255kbd\255macr)108 304.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G
-(C\255x \))-2.5 E(\)).833 E F0(Stop sa)144 316.8 Q
+(board macro.).15 E F1(end\255kbd\255macr)108 352.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G
+(C\255x \))-2.5 E(\)).833 E F0(Stop sa)144 364.8 Q
(ving the characters typed into the current k)-.2 E -.15(ey)-.1 G
(board macro and store the de\214nition.).15 E F1
-(call\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 328.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x e\))-2.5
-E F0(Re-e)144 340.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G 1(cute the last k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1
+(call\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 376.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x e\))-2.5
+E F0(Re-e)144 388.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G 1(cute the last k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1
G .999(board macro de\214ned, by making the characters in the macro app\
-ear as if).15 F(typed at the k)144 352.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(board.).15 E F1
-(Miscellaneous)87
369.6 Q -.18(re)108 381.6 S<ad72>.18 E
+ear as if).15 F(typed at the k)144 400.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(board.).15 E F1
+(Miscellaneous)87
417.6 Q -.18(re)108 429.6 S<ad72>.18 E
(ead\255init\255\214le \(C\255x C\255r\))-.18 E F0 1.776
-(Read in the contents of the)144 393.6 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(inputr)
+(Read in the contents of the)144 441.6 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(inputr)
4.276 E(c)-.37 E F0 1.777(\214le, and incorporate an)4.276 F 4.277(yb)
-.15 G 1.777(indings or v)-4.277 F 1.777(ariable assignments)-.25 F
-(found there.)144 405.6 Q F1(abort \(C\255g\))108 417.6 Q F0 3.249
-(Abort the current editing command and ring the terminal')144 429.6 R
+(found there.)144 453.6 Q F1(abort \(C\255g\))108 465.6 Q F0 3.249
+(Abort the current editing command and ring the terminal')144 477.6 R
5.748(sb)-.55 G 3.248(ell \(subject to the setting of)-5.748 F F1
-(bell\255style)144 441.6 Q F0(\).)A F1(do\255upper)108 453.6 Q
+(bell\255style)144 489.6 Q F0(\).)A F1(do\255upper)108 501.6 Q
(case\255v)-.18 E(ersion \(M\255a, M\255b, M\255)-.1 E F2(x)A F1 2.5(,.)
-C(..\))-2.5 E F0 1.755(If the meta\214ed character)144 465.6 R F2(x)
+C(..\))-2.5 E F0 1.755(If the meta\214ed character)144 513.6 R F2(x)
4.255 E F0 1.755(is lo)4.255 F 1.756
(wercase, run the command that is bound to the corresponding)-.25 F
-(uppercase character)144 477.6 Q(.)-.55 E F1(pr)108 489.6 Q
-(e\214x\255meta \(ESC\))-.18 E F0(Metafy the ne)144 501.6 Q
+(uppercase character)144 525.6 Q(.)-.55 E F1(pr)108 537.6 Q
+(e\214x\255meta \(ESC\))-.18 E F0(Metafy the ne)144 549.6 Q
(xt character typed.)-.15 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(ESC)5 E F1(f)2.25 E F0
(is equi)2.5 E -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1(Meta\255f)2.5 E F0(.)A F1
-(undo \(C\255_, C\255x C\255u\))108 513.6 Q F0
-(Incremental undo, separately remembered for each line.)144 525.6 Q F1
--2.29 -.18(re v)108 537.6 T(ert\255line \(M\255r\)).08 E F0 1.095
-(Undo all changes made to this line.)144 549.6 R 1.095(This is lik)6.095
+(undo \(C\255_, C\255x C\255u\))108 561.6 Q F0
+(Incremental undo, separately remembered for each line.)144 573.6 Q F1
+-2.29 -.18(re v)108 585.6 T(ert\255line \(M\255r\)).08 E F0 1.095
+(Undo all changes made to this line.)144 597.6 R 1.095(This is lik)6.095
F 3.595(ee)-.1 G -.15(xe)-3.745 G 1.095(cuting the).15 F F1(undo)3.595 E
F0 1.095(command enough times to)3.595 F
-(return the line to its initial state.)144 561.6 Q F1
-(tilde\255expand \(M\255&\))108 573.6 Q F0(Perform tilde e)144 585.6 Q
+(return the line to its initial state.)144 609.6 Q F1
+(tilde\255expand \(M\255&\))108 621.6 Q F0(Perform tilde e)144 633.6 Q
(xpansion on the current w)-.15 E(ord.)-.1 E F1
-(set\255mark \(C\255@, M\255<space>\))108 597.6 Q F0
-(Set the mark to the point.)144 609.6 Q(If a numeric ar)5 E
+(set\255mark \(C\255@, M\255<space>\))108 645.6 Q F0
+(Set the mark to the point.)144 657.6 Q(If a numeric ar)5 E
(gument is supplied, the mark is set to that position.)-.18 E F1
-(exchange\255point\255and\255mark \(C\255x C\255x\))108 621.6 Q F0(Sw)
-144 633.6 Q .282(ap the point with the mark.)-.1 F .283
+(exchange\255point\255and\255mark \(C\255x C\255x\))108 669.6 Q F0(Sw)
+144 681.6 Q .282(ap the point with the mark.)-.1 F .283
(The current cursor position is set to the sa)5.283 F -.15(ve)-.2 G
2.783(dp).15 G .283(osition, and the old)-2.783 F(cursor position is sa)
-144 645.6 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(da).15 G 2.5(st)-2.5 G(he mark.)-2.5 E F1
-(character\255sear)108 657.6 Q(ch \(C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.036(Ac)144
-669.6 S .536(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.036 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
+144 693.6 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(da).15 G 2.5(st)-2.5 G(he mark.)-2.5 E F1
+(character\255sear)108 705.6 Q(ch \(C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.036(Ac)144
+717.6 S .536(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.036 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
3.035(dt).15 G 3.035(ot)-3.035 G .535(he ne)-3.035 F .535
(xt occurrence of that character)-.15 F 5.535(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05
(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .835 -.15(ve c)-.25 H(ount).15 E(searches for pre)
-144 681.6 Q(vious occurrences.)-.25 E F1(character\255sear)108 693.6 Q
-(ch\255backward \(M\255C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.543(Ac)144 705.6 S 1.043
-(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.543 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.544(dt).15 G
-3.544(ot)-3.544 G 1.044(he pre)-3.544 F 1.044
-(vious occurrence of that character)-.25 F 6.044(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E
--.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(count searches for subsequent occurrences.)144 717.6 Q(GNU Bash 4.2)72
-768 Q(2011 April 11)146.785 E(44)195.945 E 0 Cg EP
+144 729.6 Q(vious occurrences.)-.25 E(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2011 July 7)
+151.505 E(44)200.665 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 45 45
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
%%EndPageSetup
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(skip\255csi\255sequence)108 84 Q F0 1.827
-(Read enough characters to consume a multi-k)144 96 R 2.126 -.15(ey s)
+-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(character\255sear)108 84 Q
+(ch\255backward \(M\255C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.543(Ac)144 96 S 1.043
+(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.543 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.544(dt).15 G
+3.544(ot)-3.544 G 1.044(he pre)-3.544 F 1.044
+(vious occurrence of that character)-.25 F 6.044(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E
+-.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
+(count searches for subsequent occurrences.)144 108 Q F1
+(skip\255csi\255sequence)108 120 Q F0 1.827
+(Read enough characters to consume a multi-k)144 132 R 2.126 -.15(ey s)
-.1 H 1.826(equence such as those de\214ned for k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G
-4.326(sl).15 G(ik)-4.326 E(e)-.1 E .79(Home and End.)144 108 R .791
+4.326(sl).15 G(ik)-4.326 E(e)-.1 E .79(Home and End.)144 144 R .791
(Such sequences be)5.79 F .791
(gin with a Control Sequence Indicator \(CSI\), usually ESC\255[.)-.15 F
-.332(If this sequence is bound to "\\[", k)144 120 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.831
+.332(If this sequence is bound to "\\[", k)144 156 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.831
(sp).15 G .331(roducing such sequences will ha)-2.831 F .631 -.15(ve n)
-.2 H 2.831(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.831 G .331(ect unless e).25 F(xplic-)
-.15 E .026(itly bound to a readline command, instead of inserting stra\
-y characters into the editing b)144 132 R(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 5.026(.T)
--.55 G(his)-5.026 E(is unbound by def)144 144 Q(ault, b)-.1 E
+y characters into the editing b)144 168 R(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 5.026(.T)
+-.55 G(his)-5.026 E(is unbound by def)144 180 Q(ault, b)-.1 E
(ut usually bound to ESC\255[.)-.2 E F1(insert\255comment \(M\255#\))108
-156 Q F0 -.4(Wi)144 168 S .481(thout a numeric ar).4 F .481
+192 Q F0 -.4(Wi)144 204 S .481(thout a numeric ar).4 F .481
(gument, the v)-.18 F .481(alue of the readline)-.25 F F1
(comment\255begin)2.981 E F0 -.25(va)2.981 G .48
-(riable is inserted at the).25 F(be)144 180 Q .097
+(riable is inserted at the).25 F(be)144 216 Q .097
(ginning of the current line.)-.15 F .098(If a numeric ar)5.097 F .098
(gument is supplied, this command acts as a toggle:)-.18 F(if)5.098 E
-.322(the characters at the be)144 192 R .321
+.322(the characters at the be)144 228 R .321
(ginning of the line do not match the v)-.15 F .321(alue of)-.25 F F1
(comment\255begin)2.821 E F0 2.821(,t)C .321(he v)-2.821 F .321(alue is)
--.25 F .831(inserted, otherwise the characters in)144 204 R F1
+-.25 F .831(inserted, otherwise the characters in)144 240 R F1
(comment\255begin)3.331 E F0 .832(are deleted from the be)3.331 F .832
(ginning of the line.)-.15 F 1.469
-(In either case, the line is accepted as if a ne)144 216 R 1.468
+(In either case, the line is accepted as if a ne)144 252 R 1.468
(wline had been typed.)-.25 F 1.468(The def)6.468 F 1.468(ault v)-.1 F
-1.468(alue of)-.25 F F1(com-)3.968 E(ment\255begin)144 228 Q F0 .839
+1.468(alue of)-.25 F F1(com-)3.968 E(ment\255begin)144 264 Q F0 .839
(causes this command to mak)3.339 F 3.339(et)-.1 G .839
(he current line a shell comment.)-3.339 F .84(If a numeric ar)5.84 F
-(gu-)-.18 E(ment causes the comment character to be remo)144 240 Q -.15
+(gu-)-.18 E(ment causes the comment character to be remo)144 276 Q -.15
(ve)-.15 G(d, the line will be e).15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G
-(cuted by the shell.).15 E F1(glob\255complete\255w)108 252 Q
-(ord \(M\255g\))-.1 E F0 .792(The w)144 264 R .791
+(cuted by the shell.).15 E F1(glob\255complete\255w)108 288 Q
+(ord \(M\255g\))-.1 E F0 .792(The w)144 300 R .791
(ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F .791
-(xpansion, with an asterisk implicitly)-.15 F 2.5(appended. This)144 276
+(xpansion, with an asterisk implicitly)-.15 F 2.5(appended. This)144 312
R(pattern is used to generate a list of matching \214le names for possi\
-ble completions.)2.5 E F1(glob\255expand\255w)108 288 Q
-(ord \(C\255x *\))-.1 E F0 .371(The w)144 300 R .372
+ble completions.)2.5 E F1(glob\255expand\255w)108 324 Q
+(ord \(C\255x *\))-.1 E F0 .371(The w)144 336 R .372
(ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F .372
(xpansion, and the list of matching \214le)-.15 F .516
-(names is inserted, replacing the w)144 312 R 3.016(ord. If)-.1 F 3.016
+(names is inserted, replacing the w)144 348 R 3.016(ord. If)-.1 F 3.016
(an)3.016 G .516(umeric ar)-3.016 F .516
(gument is supplied, an asterisk is appended)-.18 F(before pathname e)
-144 324 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(glob\255list\255expansions \(C\255x g\))
-108 336 Q F0 .923(The list of e)144 348 R .923(xpansions that w)-.15 F
+144 360 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(glob\255list\255expansions \(C\255x g\))
+108 372 Q F0 .923(The list of e)144 384 R .923(xpansions that w)-.15 F
.923(ould ha)-.1 F 1.223 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .923(een generated by).15 F F1
(glob\255expand\255w)3.423 E(ord)-.1 E F0 .923(is displayed, and)3.423 F
-.872(the line is redra)144 360 R 3.372(wn. If)-.15 F 3.372(an)3.372 G
+.872(the line is redra)144 396 R 3.372(wn. If)-.15 F 3.372(an)3.372 G
.872(umeric ar)-3.372 F .872
(gument is supplied, an asterisk is appended before pathname)-.18 F -.15
-(ex)144 372 S(pansion.).15 E F1(dump\255functions)108 384 Q F0 .626
-(Print all of the functions and their k)144 396 R .926 -.15(ey b)-.1 H
+(ex)144 408 S(pansion.).15 E F1(dump\255functions)108 420 Q F0 .626
+(Print all of the functions and their k)144 432 R .926 -.15(ey b)-.1 H
.627(indings to the readline output stream.).15 F .627(If a numeric ar)
5.627 F(gu-)-.18 E
-(ment is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)144 408 Q
+(ment is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)144 444 Q
(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(inputr)
-2.5 E(c)-.37 E F0(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255v)108 420 Q(ariables)-.1 E F0
-1.8(Print all of the settable readline v)144 432 R 1.799
+2.5 E(c)-.37 E F0(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255v)108 456 Q(ariables)-.1 E F0
+1.8(Print all of the settable readline v)144 468 R 1.799
(ariables and their v)-.25 F 1.799(alues to the readline output stream.)
--.25 F 1.799(If a)6.799 F .304(numeric ar)144 444 R .304
+-.25 F 1.799(If a)6.799 F .304(numeric ar)144 480 R .304
(gument is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)-.18 F .304
-(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(inputr)144 456 Q(c)-.37 E F0
-(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255macr)108 468 Q(os)-.18 E F0 .593
-(Print all of the readline k)144 480 R .893 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .592
+(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(inputr)144 492 Q(c)-.37 E F0
+(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255macr)108 504 Q(os)-.18 E F0 .593
+(Print all of the readline k)144 516 R .893 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .592
(equences bound to macros and the strings the).15 F 3.092(yo)-.15 G
-3.092(utput. If)-3.092 F 3.092(an)3.092 G(umeric)-3.092 E(ar)144 492 Q
+3.092(utput. If)-3.092 F 3.092(an)3.092 G(umeric)-3.092 E(ar)144 528 Q
.528(gument is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)-.18 F .528
(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(inputr)3.028 E(c)-.37 E F0
-(\214le.)144 504 Q F1(display\255shell\255v)108 516 Q
-(ersion \(C\255x C\255v\))-.1 E F0(Display v)144 528 Q
+(\214le.)144 540 Q F1(display\255shell\255v)108 552 Q
+(ersion \(C\255x C\255v\))-.1 E F0(Display v)144 564 Q
(ersion information about the current instance of)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E
-F0(.)A F1(Pr)87 544.8 Q(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0 .147(When w)108
-556.8 R .147(ord completion is attempted for an ar)-.1 F .147
+F0(.)A F1(Pr)87 580.8 Q(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0 .147(When w)108
+592.8 R .147(ord completion is attempted for an ar)-.1 F .147
(gument to a command for which a completion speci\214cation \(a)-.18 F
-F2(compspec)108 568.8 Q F0 3.828(\)h)C 1.329
+F2(compspec)108 604.8 Q F0 3.828(\)h)C 1.329
(as been de\214ned using the)-3.828 F F1(complete)3.829 E F0 -.2(bu)
3.829 G 1.329(iltin \(see).2 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.329(SHELL B)3.829
F(UIL)-.09 E 1.329(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.579 E 1.329(w\), the)
--.25 F(programmable completion f)108 580.8 Q(acilities are in)-.1 E -.2
+-.25 F(programmable completion f)108 616.8 Q(acilities are in)-.1 E -.2
(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E .498
-(First, the command name is identi\214ed.)108 597.6 R .498
+(First, the command name is identi\214ed.)108 633.6 R .498
(If the command w)5.498 F .497
(ord is the empty string \(completion attempted at)-.1 F .233(the be)108
-609.6 R .233(ginning of an empty line\), an)-.15 F 2.733(yc)-.15 G .233
+645.6 R .233(ginning of an empty line\), an)-.15 F 2.733(yc)-.15 G .233
(ompspec de\214ned with the)-2.733 F F1<ad45>2.733 E F0 .233(option to)
2.733 F F1(complete)2.733 E F0 .233(is used.)2.733 F .234(If a comp-)
5.234 F .481(spec has been de\214ned for that command, the compspec is \
-used to generate the list of possible completions)108 621.6 R .822
-(for the w)108 633.6 R 3.322(ord. If)-.1 F .822(the command w)3.322 F
+used to generate the list of possible completions)108 657.6 R .822
+(for the w)108 669.6 R 3.322(ord. If)-.1 F .822(the command w)3.322 F
.823(ord is a full pathname, a compspec for the full pathname is search\
-ed for)-.1 F 2.867(\214rst. If)108 645.6 R .366(no compspec is found fo\
+ed for)-.1 F 2.867(\214rst. If)108 681.6 R .366(no compspec is found fo\
r the full pathname, an attempt is made to \214nd a compspec for the po\
-rtion)2.867 F(follo)108 657.6 Q .298(wing the \214nal slash.)-.25 F .298
+rtion)2.867 F(follo)108 693.6 Q .298(wing the \214nal slash.)-.25 F .298
(If those searches do not result in a compspec, an)5.298 F 2.799(yc)-.15
G .299(ompspec de\214ned with the)-2.799 F F1<ad44>2.799 E F0(option to)
-108 669.6 Q F1(complete)2.5 E F0(is used as the def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E
+108 705.6 Q F1(complete)2.5 E F0(is used as the def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E
.817(Once a compspec has been found, it is used to generate the list of\
- matching w)108 686.4 R 3.317(ords. If)-.1 F 3.317(ac)3.317 G .817
-(ompspec is not)-3.317 F(found, the def)108 698.4 Q(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)
-2.5 E F0(completion as described abo)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15
-E F1(Completing)2.5 E F0(is performed.)2.5 E .463
-(First, the actions speci\214ed by the compspec are used.)108 715.2 R
-.464(Only matches which are pre\214x)5.464 F .464(ed by the w)-.15 F
-.464(ord being)-.1 F .596(completed are returned.)108 727.2 R .596
-(When the)5.596 F F1<ad66>3.096 E F0(or)3.095 E F1<ad64>3.095 E F0 .595
-(option is used for \214lename or directory name completion, the)3.095 F
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(shell v)2.804 F(ari-)-.25 E
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-(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G(riable is used.).25 E(Ne)108 141.6 Q
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-F
2<ad57>2.82 E F0 .321(option is considered.)2.821 F .321
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(xpansion, command substitution, and arith-)-.15 F 1.397(metic e)108
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1.396(The results are split using the rules described)5.896 F(abo)108
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(xpansion are pre\214x-matched ag)-.15 F .21(ainst the w)-.05 F .21
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(ords become the possible completions.)-.1 E 1.238
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1<ad46>3.737 E
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(the command or function is in)5.875 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.375
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-(COMP_KEY)108 242.4 Q F3(,)A F0(and)2.408 E F1(COMP_TYPE)2.658 E F0 -.25
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(va)2.408 G .157(riables are assigned v).25 F .157
-(alues as described abo)-.25 F .457 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2 .157
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(ord being completed on the current command line.)-.1 F .607
-(No \214ltering of the generated completions)5.607 F(ag)108 302.4 Q .093
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(ainst the w)-.05 F .093(ord being completed is performed; the function\
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2<ad46>2.937 E F0 .437(is in)2.937 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G
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-(og).65 G .456(enerate the matches.)-2.956 F .457
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-F
2<ad43>2.581 E F0 .081(option is in)2.581 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G
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1<ad43>2.581 E F0 .081(option is in)2.581 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G
2.581(di).1 G 2.58(na)-2.581 G 2.58(ne)-2.58 G -.4(nv)-2.58 G .08
(ironment equi).4 F -.25(va)-.25 G .08(lent to command sub-).25 F 2.858
-(stitution. It)108 384 R .359(should print a list of completions, one p\
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2<ad58>2.876
-E F0 .376(option is applied to the)2.876 F 3.181(list. The)108 424.8 R
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1<ad58>2.876
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-(By def)108 564 R .559(ault, if a compspec is found, whate)-.1 F -.15
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(enerates is returned to the completion code as the full set)-3.059 F
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(completions are not attempted, and the readline def)3.131 F .631
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(ault completions are attempted if the compspec generates no matches.)
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1.207(when the compspec w)3.707 F 1.207(as de\214ned, readline')-.1 F
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(nstance, assuming that there is a library of compspecs, each k)-2.636 F
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-(the command, the follo)108 136.8 Q(wing def)-.25 E
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(When the history \214le is read, lines be)5.032 F .532
(ginning with the his-)-.15 F 1.159(tory comment character follo)108
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(These timestamps are optionally displayed depending on the v)5.052 F
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--.15 G 2.921(rwritten. If).15 F F5(HISTFILE)108 415.2 Q F0 .435(is unse\
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F .916(ed with the history comment character)-.1 F 3.416(,s)-.4 G(o)
--3.416 E(the)108 439.2 Q 3.082(ym)-.15 G .582(ay be preserv)-3.082 F
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(This uses the history comment character to distinguish time-)5.583 F
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(he history \214le is truncated to contain no more)-3.486 F(than)108
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(iltin may be used to display or modify the history list).2 F .279
-(and manipulate the history \214le.)108 504 R .279
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(When using command-line editing, search commands are a)5.279 F -.25(va)
--.2 G .28(ilable in each).25 F(editing mode that pro)108 516 Q
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R 1.486(ws control o)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.986(rw).15 G 1.486
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--.2 H .458(nly a subset of the commands entered.).15 F(The)5.458 E F3
-(cmdhist)108 556.8 Q F0 .75
+-.2 H .458(nly a subset of the commands entered.).15 F(The)5.458 E F1
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(shell option, if enabled, causes the shell to attempt to sa)3.25 F 1.05
-.15(ve e)-.2 H .75(ach line of a multi-line command in).15 F 1.077
-(the same history entry)108 568.8 R 3.577(,a)-.65 G 1.077
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(dding semicolons where necessary to preserv)-3.577 F 3.577(es)-.15 G
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(wlines instead of semicolons.)-.25 F .373(See the)5.373 F .318
-(description of the)108 592.8 R F3(shopt)2.818 E F0 -.2(bu)2.818 G .318
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(for information on setting and)2.568 F(unsetting shell options.)108
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-E F2(!!)108 444 Q F0(Refer to the pre)29.34 E(vious command.)-.25 E
-(This is a synon)5 E(ym for `!\2551'.)-.15 E F2(!)108 456 Q F1(string)A
-F0 .865(Refer to the most recent command preceding the current position\
- in the history list starting with)9.33 F F1(string)144 468 Q F0(.).22 E
-F2(!?)108 480 Q F1(string)A F2([?])A F0 1.304(Refer to the most recent \
-command preceding the current postition in the history list containing)
-144 492 R F1(string)144 504 Q F0 5(.T).22 G(he trailing)-5 E F2(?)2.5 E
-F0(may be omitted if)2.5 E F1(string)2.84 E F0(is follo)2.72 E
-(wed immediately by a ne)-.25 E(wline.)-.25 E/F3 12/Times-Bold@0 SF(^)
-108 521 Q F1(string1)-5 I F3(^)5 I F1(string2)-5 I F3(^)5 I F0 .783
-(Quick substitution.)144 528 R .783(Repeat the pre)5.783 F .784
+E F2(!!)108 496.8 Q F0(Refer to the pre)29.34 E(vious command.)-.25 E
+(This is a synon)5 E(ym for `!\2551'.)-.15 E F2(!)108 508.8 Q F1(string)
+A F0 .865(Refer to the most recent command preceding the current positi\
+on in the history list starting with)9.33 F F1(string)144 520.8 Q F0(.)
+.22 E F2(!?)108 532.8 Q F1(string)A F2([?])A F0 1.304(Refer to the most\
+ recent command preceding the current postition in the history list con\
+taining)144 544.8 R F1(string)144 556.8 Q F0 5(.T).22 G(he trailing)-5 E
+F2(?)2.5 E F0(may be omitted if)2.5 E F1(string)2.84 E F0(is follo)2.72
+E(wed immediately by a ne)-.25 E(wline.)-.25 E/F3 12/Times-Bold@0 SF(^)
+108 573.8 Q F1(string1)-5 I F3(^)5 I F1(string2)-5 I F3(^)5 I F0 .783
+(Quick substitution.)144 580.8 R .783(Repeat the pre)5.783 F .784
(vious command, replacing)-.25 F F1(string1)3.624 E F0(with)3.284 E F1
(string2)3.284 E F0 5.784(.E).02 G(qui)-5.784 E -.25(va)-.25 G .784
-(lent to).25 F -.74(``)144 540 S(!!:s/).74 E F1(string1)A F0(/)A F1
+(lent to).25 F -.74(``)144 592.8 S(!!:s/).74 E F1(string1)A F0(/)A F1
(string2)A F0(/')A 2.5('\()-.74 G(see)-2.5 E F2(Modi\214ers)2.5 E F0
-(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F2(!#)108 552 Q F0
+(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F2(!#)108 604.8 Q F0
(The entire command line typed so f)27.67 E(ar)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F2 -.75
-(Wo)87 568.8 S(rd Designators).75 E F0 -.8(Wo)108 580.8 S 1.314
+(Wo)87 621.6 S(rd Designators).75 E F0 -.8(Wo)108 633.6 S 1.314
(rd designators are used to select desired w).8 F 1.314(ords from the e)
-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.814(nt. A).15 F F2(:)3.814 E F0 1.313
(separates the e)3.813 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.313(nt speci\214cation).15 F
-.529(from the w)108 592.8 R .529(ord designator)-.1 F 5.529(.I)-.55 G
+.529(from the w)108 645.6 R .529(ord designator)-.1 F 5.529(.I)-.55 G
3.029(tm)-5.529 G .529(ay be omitted if the w)-3.029 F .529
(ord designator be)-.1 F .529(gins with a)-.15 F F2(^)3.029 E F0(,)A F2
($)3.029 E F0(,)A F2(*)3.029 E F0(,)A F2<ad>3.029 E F0 3.029(,o)C(r)
-3.029 E F2(%)3.029 E F0 5.53(.W)C(ords)-6.33 E 1.301
-(are numbered from the be)108 604.8 R 1.301
+(are numbered from the be)108 657.6 R 1.301
(ginning of the line, with the \214rst w)-.15 F 1.3
(ord being denoted by 0 \(zero\).)-.1 F -.8(Wo)6.3 G 1.3(rds are).8 F
-(inserted into the current line separated by single spaces.)108 616.8 Q
-F2 2.5(0\()108 633.6 S(zer)-2.5 E(o\))-.18 E F0(The zeroth w)144 645.6 Q
+(inserted into the current line separated by single spaces.)108 669.6 Q
+F2 2.5(0\()108 686.4 S(zer)-2.5 E(o\))-.18 E F0(The zeroth w)144 698.4 Q
2.5(ord. F)-.1 F(or the shell, this is the command w)-.15 E(ord.)-.1 E
-F1(n)108.36 657.6 Q F0(The)30.64 E F1(n)2.5 E F0(th w)A(ord.)-.1 E F2(^)
-108 669.6 Q F0(The \214rst ar)32.67 E 2.5(gument. That)-.18 F(is, w)2.5
-E(ord 1.)-.1 E F2($)108 681.6 Q F0(The last ar)31 E(gument.)-.18 E F2(%)
-108 693.6 Q F0(The w)26 E(ord matched by the most recent `?)-.1 E F1
-(string)A F0(?' search.)A F1(x)108.77 705.6 Q F2<ad>A F1(y)A F0 2.5(Ar)
-20.65 G(ange of w)-2.5 E(ords; `\255)-.1 E F1(y)A F0 2.5('a)C(bbre)-2.5
-E(viates `0\255)-.25 E F1(y)A F0('.)A F2(*)108 717.6 Q F0 .315
-(All of the w)31 F .315(ords b)-.1 F .315(ut the zeroth.)-.2 F .315
-(This is a synon)5.315 F .315(ym for `)-.15 F F1(1\255$)A F0 2.815
-('. It)B .315(is not an error to use)2.815 F F2(*)2.816 E F0 .316
-(if there is)2.816 F(just one w)144 729.6 Q(ord in the e)-.1 E -.15(ve)
--.25 G(nt; the empty string is returned in that case.).15 E
-(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2011 April 11)146.785 E(48)195.945 E 0 Cg EP
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+(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2011 July 7)151.505 E(48)200.665 E 0 Cg EP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(x*)108 84 Q F0(Abbre)26 E(viates)-.25 E/F2
-10/Times-Italic@0 SF(x\255$)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<78ad>108 96 Q F0(Abbre)25.3
-E(viates)-.25 E F2(x\255$)2.5 E F0(lik)2.5 E(e)-.1 E F1(x*)2.5 E F0 2.5
-(,b)C(ut omits the last w)-2.7 E(ord.)-.1 E(If a w)108 112.8 Q
-(ord designator is supplied without an e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
+-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(^)108 84 Q F0(The \214rst ar)32.67 E 2.5
+(gument. That)-.18 F(is, w)2.5 E(ord 1.)-.1 E F1($)108 96 Q F0
+(The last ar)31 E(gument.)-.18 E F1(%)108 108 Q F0(The w)26 E
+(ord matched by the most recent `?)-.1 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(string)
+A F0(?' search.)A F2(x)108.77 120 Q F1<ad>A F2(y)A F0 2.5(Ar)20.65 G
+(ange of w)-2.5 E(ords; `\255)-.1 E F2(y)A F0 2.5('a)C(bbre)-2.5 E
+(viates `0\255)-.25 E F2(y)A F0('.)A F1(*)108 132 Q F0 .315
+(All of the w)31 F .315(ords b)-.1 F .315(ut the zeroth.)-.2 F .315
+(This is a synon)5.315 F .315(ym for `)-.15 F F2(1\255$)A F0 2.815
+('. It)B .315(is not an error to use)2.815 F F1(*)2.816 E F0 .316
+(if there is)2.816 F(just one w)144 144 Q(ord in the e)-.1 E -.15(ve)
+-.25 G(nt; the empty string is returned in that case.).15 E F1(x*)108
+156 Q F0(Abbre)26 E(viates)-.25 E F2(x\255$)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<78ad>108 168
+Q F0(Abbre)25.3 E(viates)-.25 E F2(x\255$)2.5 E F0(lik)2.5 E(e)-.1 E F1
+(x*)2.5 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut omits the last w)-2.7 E(ord.)-.1 E(If a w)108
+184.8 Q(ord designator is supplied without an e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
(nt speci\214cation, the pre).15 E(vious command is used as the e)-.25 E
--.15(ve)-.25 G(nt.).15 E F1(Modi\214ers)87 129.6 Q F0 .184
-(After the optional w)108 141.6 R .184(ord designator)-.1 F 2.684(,t)-.4
+-.15(ve)-.25 G(nt.).15 E F1(Modi\214ers)87 201.6 Q F0 .184
+(After the optional w)108 213.6 R .184(ord designator)-.1 F 2.684(,t)-.4
G .183(here may appear a sequence of one or more of the follo)-2.684 F
-.183(wing modi\214ers,)-.25 F(each preceded by a `:'.)108 153.6 Q F1(h)
-108 170.4 Q F0(Remo)30.44 E .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H
+.183(wing modi\214ers,)-.25 F(each preceded by a `:'.)108 225.6 Q F1(h)
+108 242.4 Q F0(Remo)30.44 E .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H
(railing \214le name component, lea).15 E(ving only the head.)-.2 E F1
-(t)108 182.4 Q F0(Remo)32.67 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.15 H
+(t)108 254.4 Q F0(Remo)32.67 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.15 H
(ll leading \214le name components, lea).15 E(ving the tail.)-.2 E F1(r)
-108 194.4 Q F0(Remo)31.56 E .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H(railing suf).15 E
+108 266.4 Q F0(Remo)31.56 E .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H(railing suf).15 E
(\214x of the form)-.25 E F2(.xxx)2.5 E F0 2.5(,l)C(ea)-2.5 E
-(ving the basename.)-.2 E F1(e)108 206.4 Q F0(Remo)31.56 E .3 -.15(ve a)
--.15 H(ll b).15 E(ut the trailing suf)-.2 E(\214x.)-.25 E F1(p)108 218.4
+(ving the basename.)-.2 E F1(e)108 278.4 Q F0(Remo)31.56 E .3 -.15(ve a)
+-.15 H(ll b).15 E(ut the trailing suf)-.2 E(\214x.)-.25 E F1(p)108 290.4
Q F0(Print the ne)30.44 E 2.5(wc)-.25 G(ommand b)-2.5 E(ut do not e)-.2
-E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cute it.).15 E F1(q)108 230.4 Q F0
+E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cute it.).15 E F1(q)108 302.4 Q F0
(Quote the substituted w)30.44 E(ords, escaping further substitutions.)
--.1 E F1(x)108 242.4 Q F0(Quote the substituted w)31 E(ords as with)-.1
+-.1 E F1(x)108 314.4 Q F0(Quote the substituted w)31 E(ords as with)-.1
E F1(q)2.5 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut break into w)-2.7 E(ords at)-.1 E F1(blanks)
-2.5 E F0(and ne)2.5 E(wlines.)-.25 E F1(s/)108 254.4 Q F2(old)A F1(/)A
-F2(ne)A(w)-.15 E F1(/)A F0(Substitute)144 266.4 Q F2(ne)3.081 E(w)-.15 E
+2.5 E F0(and ne)2.5 E(wlines.)-.25 E F1(s/)108 326.4 Q F2(old)A F1(/)A
+F2(ne)A(w)-.15 E F1(/)A F0(Substitute)144 338.4 Q F2(ne)3.081 E(w)-.15 E
F0 .221(for the \214rst occurrence of)3.031 F F2(old)2.951 E F0 .221
(in the e)3.491 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .221(nt line.).15 F(An)5.221 E 2.721
(yd)-.15 G .221(elimiter can be used in place)-2.721 F .617(of /.)144
-278.4 R .617
+350.4 R .617
(The \214nal delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the e)
5.617 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .617(nt line.).15 F .616(The delimiter may)5.616
-F .666(be quoted in)144 290.4 R F2(old)3.396 E F0(and)3.936 E F2(ne)
+F .666(be quoted in)144 362.4 R F2(old)3.396 E F0(and)3.936 E F2(ne)
3.526 E(w)-.15 E F0 .666(with a single backslash.)3.476 F .666
(If & appears in)5.666 F F2(ne)3.166 E(w)-.15 E F0 3.166(,i).31 G 3.166
(ti)-3.166 G 3.166(sr)-3.166 G .666(eplaced by)-3.166 F F2(old)3.166 E
-F0 5.666(.A).77 G .275(single backslash will quote the &.)144 302.4 R
+F0 5.666(.A).77 G .275(single backslash will quote the &.)144 374.4 R
(If)5.275 E F2(old)3.004 E F0 .274(is null, it is set to the last)3.544
F F2(old)3.004 E F0 .274(substituted, or)3.544 F 2.774(,i)-.4 G 2.774
(fn)-2.774 G 2.774(op)-2.774 G(re)-2.774 E(vi-)-.25 E
-(ous history substitutions took place, the last)144 314.4 Q F2(string)
+(ous history substitutions took place, the last)144 386.4 Q F2(string)
2.84 E F0(in a)2.72 E F1(!?)2.5 E F2(string)A F1([?])A F0(search.)5 E F1
-(&)108 326.4 Q F0(Repeat the pre)27.67 E(vious substitution.)-.25 E F1
-(g)108 338.4 Q F0 .397(Cause changes to be applied o)31 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
+(&)108 398.4 Q F0(Repeat the pre)27.67 E(vious substitution.)-.25 E F1
+(g)108 410.4 Q F0 .397(Cause changes to be applied o)31 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
2.897(rt).15 G .398(he entire e)-2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .398(nt line.)
.15 F .398(This is used in conjunction with `)5.398 F F1(:s)A F0 2.898
-('\()C(e.g.,)-2.898 E(`)144 350.4 Q F1(:gs/)A F2(old)A F1(/)A F2(ne)A(w)
+('\()C(e.g.,)-2.898 E(`)144 422.4 Q F1(:gs/)A F2(old)A F1(/)A F2(ne)A(w)
-.15 E F1(/)A F0 1.219('\) or `)B F1(:&)A F0 3.719('. If)B 1.219
(used with `)3.719 F F1(:s)A F0 1.218(', an)B 3.718(yd)-.15 G 1.218
(elimiter can be used in place of /, and the \214nal)-3.718 F .089
-(delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the e)144 362.4 R
+(delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the e)144 434.4 R
-.15(ve)-.25 G .09(nt line.).15 F(An)5.09 E F1(a)2.59 E F0 .09
-(may be used as a synon)2.59 F .09(ym for)-.15 F F1(g)144 374.4 Q F0(.)A
-F1(G)108 386.4 Q F0(Apply the follo)28.22 E(wing `)-.25 E F1(s)A F0 2.5
+(may be used as a synon)2.59 F .09(ym for)-.15 F F1(g)144 446.4 Q F0(.)A
+F1(G)108 458.4 Q F0(Apply the follo)28.22 E(wing `)-.25 E F1(s)A F0 2.5
('m)C(odi\214er once to each w)-2.5 E(ord in the e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(nt line.).15 E/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)72 403.2 Q(UIL)-.11 E
-(TIN COMMANDS)-1.007 E F0 .063(Unless otherwise noted, each b)108 415.2
+(nt line.).15 E/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)72 475.2 Q(UIL)-.11 E
+(TIN COMMANDS)-1.007 E F0 .063(Unless otherwise noted, each b)108 487.2
R .062(uiltin command documented in this section as accepting options p\
-receded by)-.2 F F1<ad>108 4
27.2 Q F0(accepts)2.533 E F1<adad>2.533 E F0
+receded by)-.2 F F1<ad>108 4
99.2 Q F0(accepts)2.533 E F1<adad>2.533 E F0
.034(to signify the end of the options.)2.533 F(The)5.034 E F1(:)2.534 E
F0(,)A F1(true)2.534 E F0(,)A F1(false)2.534 E F0 2.534(,a)C(nd)-2.534 E
F1(test)2.534 E F0 -.2(bu)2.534 G .034(iltins do not accept options and)
-.2 F .078(do not treat)108
439.2 R F1<adad>2.577 E F0(specially)2.577 E
+.2 F .078(do not treat)108
511.2 R F1<adad>2.577 E F0(specially)2.577 E
5.077(.T)-.65 G(he)-5.077 E F1(exit)2.577 E F0(,)A F1(logout)2.577 E F0
(,)A F1(br)2.577 E(eak)-.18 E F0(,)A F1(continue)2.577 E F0(,)A F1(let)
2.577 E F0 2.577(,a)C(nd)-2.577 E F1(shift)2.577 E F0 -.2(bu)2.577 G
.077(iltins accept and process ar).2 F(gu-)-.18 E .319(ments be)108
-
451.2 R .319(ginning with)-.15 F F1<ad>2.819 E F0 .319
+
523.2 R .319(ginning with)-.15 F F1<ad>2.819 E F0 .319
(without requiring)2.819 F F1<adad>2.819 E F0 5.319(.O)C .319(ther b)
-5.319 F .319(uiltins that accept ar)-.2 F .32(guments b)-.18 F .32
(ut are not speci\214ed as)-.2 F 1.144(accepting options interpret ar)
-108
463.2 R 1.144(guments be)-.18 F 1.144(ginning with)-.15 F F1<ad>
+108
535.2 R 1.144(guments be)-.18 F 1.144(ginning with)-.15 F F1<ad>
3.643 E F0 1.143(as in)3.643 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.143
(lid options and require).25 F F1<adad>3.643 E F0 1.143(to pre)3.643 F
--.15(ve)-.25 G 1.143(nt this).15 F(interpretation.)108 475.2 Q F1(:)108
-493.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .451(No ef)144 505.2 R
+-.15(ve)-.25 G 1.143(nt this).15 F(interpretation.)108 547.2 Q F1(:)108
+565.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .451(No ef)144 577.2 R
.451(fect; the command does nothing be)-.25 F .452(yond e)-.15 F
(xpanding)-.15 E F2(ar)3.282 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .452(and performing an)
3.222 F 2.952(ys)-.15 G(peci\214ed)-2.952 E 2.5(redirections. A)144
-517.2 R(zero e)2.5 E(xit code is returned.)-.15 E F1(.)110.5 534 Q F2
+589.2 R(zero e)2.5 E(xit code is returned.)-.15 E F1(.)110.5 606 Q F2
(\214lename)6.666 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A F1(sour)108
-546 Q(ce)-.18 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0
-(])A 1.02(Read and e)144 558 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.02(cute commands from)
+618 Q(ce)-.18 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0
+(])A 1.02(Read and e)144 630 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.02(cute commands from)
.15 F F2(\214lename)5.43 E F0 1.02(in the current shell en)3.7 F 1.02
(vironment and return the e)-.4 F(xit)-.15 E 1.68
-(status of the last command e)144 570 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.68(cuted from)
+(status of the last command e)144 642 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.68(cuted from)
.15 F F2(\214lename)4.18 E F0 6.68(.I).18 G(f)-6.68 E F2(\214lename)6.09
-E F0 1.68(does not contain a slash, \214le)4.36 F .608(names in)144 582
+E F0 1.68(does not contain a slash, \214le)4.36 F .608(names in)144 654
R/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .608
(are used to \214nd the directory containing)2.858 F F2(\214lename)3.108
E F0 5.608(.T).18 G .608(he \214le searched for in)-5.608 F F4 -.666(PA)
-3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .832(need not be e)144 594 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.332
+3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .832(need not be e)144 666 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.332
(cutable. When).15 F F1(bash)3.332 E F0 .832(is not in)3.332 F F2 .832
(posix mode)3.332 F F0 3.332(,t)C .833
(he current directory is searched if no)-3.332 F .982
-(\214le is found in)144 606 R F4 -.666(PA)3.481 G(TH)-.189 E/F5 9
+(\214le is found in)144 678 R F4 -.666(PA)3.481 G(TH)-.189 E/F5 9
/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .981(If the)5.481 F F1(sour)3.481 E(cepath)-.18
E F0 .981(option to the)3.481 F F1(shopt)3.481 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981
-(iltin command is turned of).2 F .981(f, the)-.25 F F4 -.666(PA)144 618
+(iltin command is turned of).2 F .981(f, the)-.25 F F4 -.666(PA)144 690
S(TH)-.189 E F0 .112(is not searched.)2.362 F .112(If an)5.112 F(y)-.15
E F2(ar)2.612 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .112(are supplied, the)2.612 F 2.612
(yb)-.15 G .112(ecome the positional parameters when)-2.612 F F2
-(\214lename)144 630 Q F0 .342(is e)2.842 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.842
+(\214lename)144 702 Q F0 .342(is e)2.842 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.842
(cuted. Otherwise).15 F .342(the positional parameters are unchanged.)
2.842 F .341(The return status is the)5.341 F .716
-(status of the last command e)144 642 R .716
+(status of the last command e)144 714 R .716
(xited within the script \(0 if no commands are e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
-.716(cuted\), and f).15 F .716(alse if)-.1 F F2(\214lename)145.91 654 Q
-F0(is not found or cannot be read.)2.68 E F1(alias)108 670.8 Q F0([)2.5
-E F1<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C
-(..])-2.5 E F1(Alias)144 682.8 Q F0 2.725(with no ar)5.225 F 2.724
+.716(cuted\), and f).15 F .716(alse if)-.1 F F2(\214lename)145.91 726 Q
+F0(is not found or cannot be read.)2.68 E(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q
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+(does not corre-)3.02 F(spond to a v)144 249.6 Q
+(alid position in the call stack.)-.25 E F2(cd)108 266.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2
<ad4c>A F0(|[)A F2<ad50>A F0([)2.5 E F2<ad65>A F0(]]] [)A F1(dir)A F0(])
-A .21(Change the current directory to)144 213.6 R F1(dir)2.71 E F0 5.21
+A .21(Change the current directory to)144 278.4 R F1(dir)2.71 E F0 5.21
(.T)C .21(he v)-5.21 F(ariable)-.25 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HOME)2.71 E
F0 .21(is the def)2.46 F(ault)-.1 E F1(dir)2.71 E F0 5.21(.T).73 G .21
(he v)-5.21 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(CDP)2.71 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0
-.776(de\214nes the search path for the directory containing)144 225.6 R
+.776(de\214nes the search path for the directory containing)144 290.4 R
F1(dir)3.276 E F0 5.777(.A).73 G(lternati)-5.777 E 1.077 -.15(ve d)-.25
H .777(irectory names in).15 F F3(CDP)3.277 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E
-F0 .764(are separated by a colon \(:\).)144 237.6 R 3.264(An)5.764 G
+F0 .764(are separated by a colon \(:\).)144 302.4 R 3.264(An)5.764 G
.764(ull directory name in)-3.264 F F3(CDP)3.264 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H)
-.855 E F0 .764(is the same as the current direc-)3.014 F(tory)144 249.6
+.855 E F0 .764(is the same as the current direc-)3.014 F(tory)144 314.4
Q 2.973(,i)-.65 G .473(.e., `)-2.973 F(`)-.74 E F2(.)A F0 -.74('')C
5.473(.I).74 G(f)-5.473 E F1(dir)3.323 E F0(be)3.703 E .474
(gins with a slash \(/\), then)-.15 F F3(CDP)2.974 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H)
.855 E F0 .474(is not used. The)2.724 F F2<ad50>2.974 E F0 .474
-(option says to use)2.974 F .58(the ph)144 261.6 R .58
+(option says to use)2.974 F .58(the ph)144 326.4 R .58
(ysical directory structure instead of follo)-.05 F .579
(wing symbolic links \(see also the)-.25 F F2<ad50>3.079 E F0 .579
-(option to the)3.079 F F2(set)144 273.6 Q F0 -.2(bu)2.716 G .216
+(option to the)3.079 F F2(set)144 338.4 Q F0 -.2(bu)2.716 G .216
(iltin command\); the).2 F F2<ad4c>2.716 E F0 .216
(option forces symbolic links to be follo)2.716 F 2.717(wed. If)-.25 F
(the)2.717 E F2<ad65>2.717 E F0 .217(option is sup-)2.717 F 1.087
-(plied with)144
285.6 R F2<ad50>3.587 E F0 3.587(,a)C 1.087
+(plied with)144
350.4 R F2<ad50>3.587 E F0 3.587(,a)C 1.087
(nd the current w)-3.587 F 1.086
(orking directory cannot be successfully determined after a suc-)-.1 F
-.44(cessful directory change,)144 297.6 R F2(cd)2.94 E F0 .44
+.44(cessful directory change,)144 362.4 R F2(cd)2.94 E F0 .44
(will return an unsuccessful status.)2.94 F .44(An ar)5.44 F .44
(gument of)-.18 F F2<ad>2.94 E F0 .44(is equi)2.94 F -.25(va)-.25 G .44
-(lent to).25 F F3($OLDPWD)144 309.6 Q/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 1.045
+(lent to).25 F F3($OLDPWD)144 374.4 Q/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 1.045
(If a non-empty directory name from)5.545 F F3(CDP)3.545 E -.855(AT)
-.666 G(H).855 E F0 1.044(is used, or if)3.295 F F2<ad>3.544 E F0 1.044
(is the \214rst ar)3.544 F(gument,)-.18 E .021(and the directory change\
- is successful, the absolute pathname of the ne)144 321.6 R 2.522(ww)
+ is successful, the absolute pathname of the ne)144 386.4 R 2.522(ww)
-.25 G .022(orking directory is writ-)-2.622 F .165
-(ten to the standard output.)144 333.6 R .165(The return v)5.165 F .165
+(ten to the standard output.)144 398.4 R .165(The return v)5.165 F .165
(alue is true if the directory w)-.25 F .165(as successfully changed; f)
--.1 F(alse)-.1 E(otherwise.)144 345.6 Q F2(command)108 362.4 Q F0([)2.5
+-.1 F(alse)-.1 E(otherwise.)144 410.4 Q F2(command)108 427.2 Q F0([)2.5
E F2(\255pVv)A F0(])A F1(command)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0
-(...])2.5 E(Run)144 374.4 Q F1(command)2.956 E F0(with)3.527 E F1(ar)
+(...])2.5 E(Run)144 439.2 Q F1(command)2.956 E F0(with)3.527 E F1(ar)
3.087 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .257
(suppressing the normal shell function lookup. Only b)3.027 F .257
-(uiltin commands or)-.2 F .502(commands found in the)144 386.4 R F3
+(uiltin commands or)-.2 F .502(commands found in the)144 451.2 R F3
-.666(PA)3.002 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .502(are e)2.752 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.002
(cuted. If).15 F(the)3.002 E F2<ad70>3.002 E F0 .502(option is gi)3.002
F -.15(ve)-.25 G .501(n, the search for).15 F F1(command)3.201 E F0(is)
-3.771 E .399(performed using a def)144 398.4 R .399(ault v)-.1 F .399
+3.771 E .399(performed using a def)144 463.2 R .399(ault v)-.1 F .399
(alue for)-.25 F F3 -.666(PA)2.899 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .4
(that is guaranteed to \214nd all of the standard utilities.)2.649 F(If)
-5.4 E .175(either the)144 4
10.4 R F2<ad56>2.675 E F0(or)2.675 E F2<ad76>
+5.4 E .175(either the)144 4
75.2 R F2<ad56>2.675 E F0(or)2.675 E F2<ad76>
2.675 E F0 .175(option is supplied, a description of)2.675 F F1(command)
2.875 E F0 .174(is printed.)3.445 F(The)5.174 E F2<ad76>2.674 E F0 .174
-(option causes)2.674 F 3.11(as)144 422.4 S .61(ingle w)-3.11 F .61
+(option causes)2.674 F 3.11(as)144 487.2 S .61(ingle w)-3.11 F .61
(ord indicating the command or \214le name used to in)-.1 F -.2(vo)-.4 G
-.1(ke).2 G F1(command)3.41 E F0 .61(to be displayed; the)3.88 F F2
-<ad56>144 434.4 Q F0 .25(option produces a more v)2.75 F .25
+<ad56>144 499.2 Q F0 .25(option produces a more v)2.75 F .25
(erbose description.)-.15 F .249(If the)5.25 F F2<ad56>2.749 E F0(or)
2.749 E F2<ad76>2.749 E F0 .249(option is supplied, the e)2.749 F .249
-(xit status)-.15 F 1.004(is 0 if)144 446.4 R F1(command)3.704 E F0 -.1
+(xit status)-.15 F 1.004(is 0 if)144 511.2 R F1(command)3.704 E F0 -.1
(wa)4.274 G 3.504(sf).1 G 1.005(ound, and 1 if not.)-3.504 F 1.005
(If neither option is supplied and an error occurred or)6.005 F F1
-(command)144.2 458.4 Q F0 1.599(cannot be found, the e)4.869 F 1.599
+(command)144.2 523.2 Q F0 1.599(cannot be found, the e)4.869 F 1.599
(xit status is 127.)-.15 F 1.599(Otherwise, the e)6.599 F 1.598
-(xit status of the)-.15 F F2(command)4.098 E F0 -.2(bu)144 470.4 S
+(xit status of the)-.15 F F2(command)4.098 E F0 -.2(bu)144 535.2 S
(iltin is the e).2 E(xit status of)-.15 E F1(command)2.5 E F0(.).77 E F2
-(compgen)108 487.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(wor)-2.5 E(d)
--.37 E F0(])A .012(Generate possible completion matches for)144 499.2 R
-F1(wor)2.513 E(d)-.37 E F0 .013(according to the)2.513 F F1(option)2.513
-E F0 .013(s, which may be an)B 2.513(yo)-.15 G(ption)-2.513 E .982
-(accepted by the)144 511.2 R F2(complete)3.482 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981
+(compgen)108 552 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(wor)-2.5 E(d)
+-.37 E F0(])A .012(Generate possible completion matches for)144 564 R F1
+(wor)2.513 E(d)-.37 E F0 .013(according to the)2.513 F F1(option)2.513 E
+F0 .013(s, which may be an)B 2.513(yo)-.15 G(ption)-2.513 E .982
+(accepted by the)144 576 R F2(complete)3.482 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981
(iltin with the e).2 F .981(xception of)-.15 F F2<ad70>3.481 E F0(and)
3.481 E F2<ad72>3.481 E F0 3.481(,a)C .981(nd write the matches to the)
--3.481 F 1.415(standard output.)144 523.2 R 1.415(When using the)6.415 F
+-3.481 F 1.415(standard output.)144 588 R 1.415(When using the)6.415 F
F2<ad46>3.915 E F0(or)3.915 E F2<ad43>3.915 E F0 1.415(options, the v)
3.915 F 1.415(arious shell v)-.25 F 1.415(ariables set by the pro-)-.25
-F(grammable completion f)144 535.2 Q(acilities, while a)-.1 E -.25(va)
--.2 G(ilable, will not ha).25 E .3 -.15(ve u)-.2 H(seful v).15 E(alues.)
--.25 E .352(The matches will be generated in the same w)144 559.2 R .352
+F(grammable completion f)144 600 Q(acilities, while a)-.1 E -.25(va)-.2
+G(ilable, will not ha).25 E .3 -.15(ve u)-.2 H(seful v).15 E(alues.)-.25
+E .352(The matches will be generated in the same w)144 624 R .352
(ay as if the programmable completion code had gen-)-.1 F .02(erated th\
em directly from a completion speci\214cation with the same \215ags.)144
-571.2 R(If)5.02 E F1(wor)2.52 E(d)-.37 E F0 .02(is speci\214ed, only)
-2.52 F(those completions matching)144 583.2 Q F1(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0
-(will be displayed.)2.5 E(The return v)144 607.2 Q
+636 R(If)5.02 E F1(wor)2.52 E(d)-.37 E F0 .02(is speci\214ed, only)2.52
+F(those completions matching)144 648 Q F1(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0
+(will be displayed.)2.5 E(The return v)144 672 Q
(alue is true unless an in)-.25 E -.25(va)-.4 G
(lid option is supplied, or no matches were generated.).25 E F2
-(complete)108 624 Q F0([)3.729 E F2(\255abcdefgjksuv)A F0 3.729(][)C F2
-<ad6f>-3.729 E F1(comp-option)3.729 E F0 3.729(][)C F2(\255DE)-3.729 E
+(complete)108 688.8 Q F0([)3.729 E F2(\255abcdefgjksuv)A F0 3.729(][)C
+
F2<ad6f>-3.729 E F1(comp-option)3.729 E F0 3.729(][)C F2(\255DE)-3.729 E
F0 3.728(][)C F2<ad41>-3.728 E F1(action)3.728 E F0 3.728(][)C F2<ad47>
-3.728 E F1(globpat)3.728 E F0 3.728(][)C F2<ad57>-3.728 E F1(wor)3.728
E(dlist)-.37 E F0 3.728(][)C F2<ad46>-3.728 E F1(func-)3.728 E(tion)108
-636 Q F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad43>-2.5 E F1(command)2.5 E F0(])A([)144 648 Q F2
-<ad58>A F1(\214lterpat)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad50>-2.5 E F1(pr)2.5 E
+700.8 Q F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad43>-2.5 E F1(command)2.5 E F0(])A([)144 712.8 Q
+
F2<ad58>A F1(\214lterpat)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad50>-2.5 E F1(pr)2.5 E
(e\214x)-.37 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad53>-2.5 E F1(suf)2.5 E<8c78>-.18 E F0(])
-A F1(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1(name ...)A F0(])A F2(complete \255pr)108
-660 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255DE)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E
-.634(Specify ho)144 672 R 3.134(wa)-.25 G -.18(rg)-3.134 G .634
-(uments to each).18 F F1(name)3.134 E F0 .634(should be completed.)3.134
-F .633(If the)5.634 F F2<ad70>3.133 E F0 .633
-(option is supplied, or if no)3.133 F .139(options are supplied, e)144
-684 R .139(xisting completion speci\214cations are printed in a w)-.15 F
-.14(ay that allo)-.1 F .14(ws them to be)-.25 F .31(reused as input.)144
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-(are supplied, all completion speci\214cations.)144 708 R(The)6.347 E F2
-<ad44>3.847 E F0 1.347(option indicates that the remaining options)3.847
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-(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2011 April 11)146.785 E(51)195.945 E 0 Cg EP
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--.35 E 3.455(ac)144 84 S .955(ommand for which no completion has pre)
--3.455 F .955(viously been de\214ned.)-.25 F(The)5.955 E/F1 10
-/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad45>3.455 E F0 .955(option indicates that)3.455 F .065
-(the remaining options and actions should apply to `)144 96 R(`empty')
+-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(complete \255pr)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 E F1
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+(uments to each).18 F F2(name)3.134 E F0 .634(should be completed.)3.134
+F .633(If the)5.634 F F1<ad70>3.133 E F0 .633
+(option is supplied, or if no)3.133 F .139(options are supplied, e)144
+108 R .139(xisting completion speci\214cations are printed in a w)-.15 F
+.14(ay that allo)-.1 F .14(ws them to be)-.25 F .31(reused as input.)144
+120 R(The)5.31 E F1<ad72>2.81 E F0 .31(option remo)2.81 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
+2.81(sac).15 G .31(ompletion speci\214cation for each)-2.81 F F2(name)
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+(name)2.81 E F0(s)A 1.346
+(are supplied, all completion speci\214cations.)144 132 R(The)6.347 E F1
+<ad44>3.847 E F0 1.347(option indicates that the remaining options)3.847
+F .5(and actions should apply to the `)144 144 R(`def)-.74 E(ault')-.1 E
+3('c)-.74 G .5(ommand completion; that is, completion attempted on)-3 F
+3.455(ac)144 156 S .955(ommand for which no completion has pre)-3.455 F
+.955(viously been de\214ned.)-.25 F(The)5.955 E F1<ad45>3.455 E F0 .955
+(option indicates that)3.455 F .065
+(the remaining options and actions should apply to `)144 168 R(`empty')
-.74 E 2.564('c)-.74 G .064(ommand completion; that is, comple-)-2.564 F
-(tion attempted on a blank line.)144 108 Q 1.437
+(tion attempted on a blank line.)144 180 Q 1.437
(The process of applying these completion speci\214cations when w)144
-132 R 1.438(ord completion is attempted is)-.1 F(described abo)144 144 Q
+204 R 1.438(ord completion is attempted is)-.1 F(described abo)144 216 Q
.3 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1(Pr)2.5 E(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E
-F0(.)A .556(Other options, if speci\214ed, ha)144 168 R .856 -.15(ve t)
+F0(.)A .556(Other options, if speci\214ed, ha)144 240 R .856 -.15(ve t)
-.2 H .555(he follo).15 F .555(wing meanings.)-.25 F .555(The ar)5.555 F
.555(guments to the)-.18 F F1<ad47>3.055 E F0(,)A F1<ad57>3.055 E F0
3.055(,a)C(nd)-3.055 E F1<ad58>3.055 E F0 .722
-(options \(and, if necessary)144 180 R 3.222(,t)-.65 G(he)-3.222 E F1
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<ad50>3.222 E F0(and)3.222 E F1<ad53>3.222 E F0 .723
(options\) should be quoted to protect them from e)3.222 F(xpan-)-.15 E
-(sion before the)144 192 Q F1(complete)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G
-(iltin is in).2 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E F1<ad6f>144 204 Q/F2
-10/Times-Italic@0 SF(comp-option)2.5 E F0(The)184 216 Q F2(comp-option)
-2.791 E F0 .291(controls se)2.791 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .291
-(ral aspects of the compspec').15 F 2.791(sb)-.55 G(eha)-2.791 E .291
-(vior be)-.2 F .291(yond the simple)-.15 F(generation of completions.)
-184 228 Q F2(comp-option)5 E F0(may be one of:)2.5 E F1(bashdefault)184
-240 Q F0 .281(Perform the rest of the def)224 252 R(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)
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-(matches.)224 264 Q F1(default)184 276 Q F0 2.876(Use readline')10 F
-5.376(sd)-.55 G(ef)-5.376 E 2.875
-(ault \214lename completion if the compspec generates no)-.1 F(matches.)
-224 288 Q F1(dir)184 300 Q(names)-.15 E F0(Perform directory name compl\
-etion if the compspec generates no matches.)224 312 Q F1(\214lenames)184
-324 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 336 S .137(ll readline that the compspec generates \
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-.134(name\255speci\214c processing \(lik)224 348 R 2.634(ea)-.1 G .134
-(dding a slash to directory names, quoting spe-)-2.634 F .45
-(cial characters, or suppressing trailing spaces\).)224 360 R .45
-(Intended to be used with shell)5.45 F(functions.)224 372 Q F1(nospace)
-184 384 Q F0 -.7(Te)6.11 G .22
+(sion before the)144 264 Q F1(complete)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G
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+(comp-option)2.5 E F0(The)184 288 Q F2(comp-option)2.791 E F0 .291
+(controls se)2.791 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .291(ral aspects of the compspec')
+.15 F 2.791(sb)-.55 G(eha)-2.791 E .291(vior be)-.2 F .291
+(yond the simple)-.15 F(generation of completions.)184 300 Q F2
+(comp-option)5 E F0(may be one of:)2.5 E F1(bashdefault)184 312 Q F0
+.281(Perform the rest of the def)224 324 R(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)2.781 E F0
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+F1(default)184 348 Q F0 2.876(Use readline')10 F 5.376(sd)-.55 G(ef)
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+-.1 F(matches.)224 360 Q F1(dir)184 372 Q(names)-.15 E F0(Perform direc\
+tory name completion if the compspec generates no matches.)224 384 Q F1
+(\214lenames)184 396 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 408 S .137(ll readline that the co\
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+(Intended to be used with shell)5.45 F(functions.)224 444 Q F1(nospace)
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(ll readline not to append a space \(the def).7 F .22(ault\) to w)-.1 F
-.22(ords completed at the end)-.1 F(of the line.)224 396 Q F1(plusdirs)
-184 408 Q F0 1.985(After an)5.54 F 4.485(ym)-.15 G 1.985
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+184 480 Q F0 1.985(After an)5.54 F 4.485(ym)-.15 G 1.985
(atches de\214ned by the compspec are generated, directory name)-4.485 F
-.584(completion is attempted and an)224 420 R 3.084(ym)-.15 G .584
-(atches are added to the results of the other)-3.084 F(actions.)224 432
-Q F1<ad41>144 444 Q F2(action)2.5 E F0(The)184 456 Q F2(action)2.5 E F0
+.584(completion is attempted and an)224 492 R 3.084(ym)-.15 G .584
+(atches are added to the results of the other)-3.084 F(actions.)224 504
+Q F1<ad41>144 516 Q F2(action)2.5 E F0(The)184 528 Q F2(action)2.5 E F0
(may be one of the follo)2.5 E
(wing to generate a list of possible completions:)-.25 E F1(alias)184
-
468 Q F0(Alias names.)20.55 E(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad61>2.5
-E F0(.)A F1(arrayv)184 480 Q(ar)-.1 E F0(Array v)224 492 Q
-(ariable names.)-.25 E F1 4.7(binding Readline)184 504 R F0 -.1(ke)2.5 G
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540 Q F0(Alias names.)20.55 E(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad61>2.5
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(Names of shell b)11.85 E(uiltin commands.)-.2 E
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540 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad63>2.5
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612 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad63>2.5
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-624 Q F0(File names.)27.22 E(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad66>2.5
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-120 Q F0(Names of running jobs, if job control is acti)5.54 E -.15(ve)
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-(Signal names.)14.99 E F1(stopped)184 180 Q F0
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+.2 E F1(shopt)184 240 Q F0(Shell option names as accepted by the)16.66 E
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+(Signal names.)14.99 E F1(stopped)184 264 Q F0
(Names of stopped jobs, if job control is acti)6.66 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(.)
-.15 E F1(user)184 192 Q F0(User names.)21.67 E
-(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(va)184 204 S
+.15 E F1(user)184 276 Q F0(User names.)21.67 E
+(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(va)184 288 S
(riable).1 E F0(Names of all shell v)5.1 E 2.5(ariables. May)-.25 F
-(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F1<ad76>2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad43>144 216 Q/F2
-10/Times-Italic@0 SF(command)2.5 E(command)184 228 Q F0 1.055(is e)3.555
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F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.055(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 1.056
(vironment, and its output is used as the possible)-.4 F(completions.)
-184 240 Q F1<ad46>144 252 Q F2(function)2.5 E F0 1.181
-(The shell function)184 264 R F2(function)3.681 E F0 1.181(is e)3.681 F
+184 324 Q F1<ad46>144 336 Q F3(function)2.5 E F0 1.181
+(The shell function)184 348 R F3(function)3.681 E F0 1.181(is e)3.681 F
-.15(xe)-.15 G 1.181(cuted in the current shell en).15 F 3.68
(vironment. When)-.4 F 1.18(it \214n-)3.68 F .932
-(ishes, the possible completions are retrie)184 276 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
-3.432(df).15 G .932(rom the v)-3.432 F .932(alue of the)-.25 F/F3 9
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-288 S(riable.).25 E F1<ad47>144 300 Q F2(globpat)2.5 E F0 1.008
-(The pathname e)184 312 R 1.008(xpansion pattern)-.15 F F2(globpat)3.507
-E F0 1.007(is e)3.507 F 1.007(xpanded to generate the possible comple-)
--.15 F(tions.)184 324 Q F1<ad50>144 336 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E(pr)
-184 348 Q(e\214x)-.37 E F0 .534(is added at the be)3.034 F .534
+(ishes, the possible completions are retrie)184 360 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
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+(COMPREPL)3.432 E(Y)-.828 E F0(array)3.182 E -.25(va)184 372 S(riable.)
+.25 E F1<ad47>144 384 Q F3(globpat)2.5 E F0 1.008(The pathname e)184 396
+R 1.008(xpansion pattern)-.15 F F3(globpat)3.507 E F0 1.007(is e)3.507 F
+1.007(xpanded to generate the possible comple-)-.15 F(tions.)184 408 Q
+F1<ad50>144 420 Q F3(pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E(pr)184 432 Q(e\214x)-.37 E
+F0 .534(is added at the be)3.034 F .534
(ginning of each possible completion after all other options ha)-.15 F
--.15(ve)-.2 G(been applied.)184 360 Q F1<ad53>144 372 Q F2(suf)2.5 E
+-.15(ve)-.2 G(been applied.)184 444 Q F1<ad53>144 456 Q F3(suf)2.5 E
2.81(\214x suf)-.18 F<8c78>-.18 E F0
(is appended to each possible completion after all other options ha)2.5
-E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een applied.).15 E F1<ad57>144 384 Q F2(wor)2.5 E
-(dlist)-.37 E F0(The)184 396 Q F2(wor)3.64 E(dlist)-.37 E F0 1.14
-(is split using the characters in the)3.64 F F3(IFS)3.64 E F0 1.139
+E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een applied.).15 E F1<ad57>144 468 Q F3(wor)2.5 E
+(dlist)-.37 E F0(The)184 480 Q F3(wor)3.64 E(dlist)-.37 E F0 1.14
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(special v)3.39 F 1.139(ariable as delimiters, and)-.25 F 2.007
-(each resultant w)184 408 R 2.007(ord is e)-.1 F 4.507(xpanded. The)-.15
+(each resultant w)184 492 R 2.007(ord is e)-.1 F 4.507(xpanded. The)-.15
F 2.008(possible completions are the members of the)4.507 F
-(resultant list which match the w)184 420 Q(ord being completed.)-.1 E
-F1<ad58>144 432 Q F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E(\214lterpat)184 444 Q F0 .456
+(resultant list which match the w)184 504 Q(ord being completed.)-.1 E
+F1<ad58>144 516 Q F3(\214lterpat)2.5 E(\214lterpat)184 528 Q F0 .456
(is a pattern as used for pathname e)2.956 F 2.956(xpansion. It)-.15 F
.455(is applied to the list of possible)2.956 F 1.596
-(completions generated by the preceding options and ar)184 456 R 1.596
-(guments, and each completion)-.18 F(matching)184 468 Q F2(\214lterpat)
+(completions generated by the preceding options and ar)184 540 R 1.596
+(guments, and each completion)-.18 F(matching)184 552 Q F3(\214lterpat)
3.205 E F0 .705(is remo)3.205 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.205(df).15 G .704
(rom the list.)-3.205 F 3.204(Al)5.704 G(eading)-3.204 E F1(!)3.204 E F0
-(in)3.204 E F2(\214lterpat)3.204 E F0(ne)3.204 E -.05(ga)-.15 G .704
-(tes the pattern;).05 F(in this case, an)184 480 Q 2.5(yc)-.15 G
-(ompletion not matching)-2.5 E F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E F0(is remo)2.5 E
--.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E .466(The return v)144 496.8 R .466
+(in)3.204 E F3(\214lterpat)3.204 E F0(ne)3.204 E -.05(ga)-.15 G .704
+(tes the pattern;).05 F(in this case, an)184 564 Q 2.5(yc)-.15 G
+(ompletion not matching)-2.5 E F3(\214lterpat)2.5 E F0(is remo)2.5 E
+-.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E .466(The return v)144 580.8 R .466
(alue is true unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .466
(lid option is supplied, an option other than).25 F F1<ad70>2.967 E F0
(or)2.967 E F1<ad72>2.967 E F0 .467(is sup-)2.967 F 1.362
-(plied without a)144 508.8 R F2(name)3.862 E F0(ar)3.862 E 1.361
+(plied without a)144 592.8 R F3(name)3.862 E F0(ar)3.862 E 1.361
(gument, an attempt is made to remo)-.18 F 1.661 -.15(ve a c)-.15 H
-1.361(ompletion speci\214cation for a).15 F F2(name)144 520.8 Q F0
+1.361(ompletion speci\214cation for a).15 F F3(name)144 604.8 Q F0
(for which no speci\214cation e)2.5 E
(xists, or an error occurs adding a completion speci\214cation.)-.15 E
-F1(compopt)108 537.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6f>A F2(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C
-F1(\255DE)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(+o)-2.5 E F2(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2
-(name)-2.5 E F0(])A .447(Modify completion options for each)144 549.6 R
-F2(name)2.947 E F0 .447(according to the)2.947 F F2(option)2.947 E F0
+F1(compopt)108 621.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6f>A F3(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C
+F1(\255DE)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(+o)-2.5 E F3(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F3
+(name)-2.5 E F0(])A .447(Modify completion options for each)144 633.6 R
+F3(name)2.947 E F0 .447(according to the)2.947 F F3(option)2.947 E F0
.447(s, or for the currently-e)B -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E .726
-(completion if no)144 561.6 R F2(name)3.226 E F0 3.226(sa)C .726
-(re supplied.)-3.226 F .725(If no)5.725 F F2(option)3.225 E F0 3.225(sa)
+(completion if no)144 645.6 R F3(name)3.226 E F0 3.226(sa)C .726
+(re supplied.)-3.226 F .725(If no)5.725 F F3(option)3.225 E F0 3.225(sa)
C .725(re gi)-3.225 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .725
-(n, display the completion options for).15 F(each)144 573.6 Q F2(name)
+(n, display the completion options for).15 F(each)144 657.6 Q F3(name)
3.223 E F0 .723(or the current completion.)3.223 F .724(The possible v)
-5.724 F .724(alues of)-.25 F F2(option)3.224 E F0 .724(are those v)3.224
-F .724(alid for the)-.25 F F1(com-)3.224 E(plete)144 585.6 Q F0 -.2(bu)
+5.724 F .724(alues of)-.25 F F3(option)3.224 E F0 .724(are those v)3.224
+F .724(alid for the)-.25 F F1(com-)3.224 E(plete)144 669.6 Q F0 -.2(bu)
2.798 G .298(iltin described abo).2 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.297(.T).15 G(he)
-5.297 E F1<ad44>2.797 E F0 .297
(option indicates that the remaining options should apply to)2.797 F
-1.227(the `)144 597.6 R(`def)-.74 E(ault')-.1 E 3.727('c)-.74 G 1.228(o\
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mmand completion; that is, completion attempted on a command for which \
-no)-3.727 F 2.178(completion has pre)144 609.6 R 2.178
+no)-3.727 F 2.178(completion has pre)144 693.6 R 2.178
(viously been de\214ned.)-.25 F(The)7.178 E F1<ad45>4.678 E F0 2.177
(option indicates that the remaining options)4.677 F(should apply to `)
-144 621.6 Q(`empty')-.74 E 2.5('c)-.74 G
+144 705.6 Q(`empty')-.74 E 2.5('c)-.74 G
(ommand completion; that is, completion attempted on a blank line.)-2.5
-E 1.387(The return v)144 645.6 R 1.387(alue is true unless an in)-.25 F
+E 1.387(The return v)144 729.6 R 1.387(alue is true unless an in)-.25 F
-.25(va)-.4 G 1.388
(lid option is supplied, an attempt is made to modify the).25 F
-(options for a)144 657.6 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0
-(for which no completion speci\214cation e)2.5 E
-(xists, or an output error occurs.)-.15 E F1(continue)108 674.4 Q F0([)
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-(xt iteration of the enclosing)-.15 F F1 -.25(fo)4.254 G(r).25 E F0(,)A
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-(loops, the last enclosing loop \(the `)144 710.4 R(`top-le)-.74 E -.15
-(ve)-.25 G(l').15 E 3.014('l)-.74 G .514(oop\) is resumed.)-3.014 F .513
-(The return v)5.513 F .513(alue is 0 unless)-.25 F F2(n)3.013 E F0(is)
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-Q(2011 April 11)146.785 E(53)195.945 E 0 Cg EP
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--2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C(..])
--2.5 E 1.264(Declare v)144 108 R 1.264(ariables and/or gi)-.25 F 1.564
--.15(ve t)-.25 H 1.264(hem attrib).15 F 3.765(utes. If)-.2 F(no)3.765 E
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-(nt).15 G 1.265(hen display the v)-3.765 F 1.265(alues of)-.25 F -.25
-(va)144 120 S 3.483(riables. The).25 F F1<ad70>3.483 E F0 .983
+-.35 E(options for a)144 84 Q/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)2.5 E F0
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+(xists, or an output error occurs.)-.15 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF
+(continue)108 100.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(n)A F0(])A 1.754(Resume the ne)144
+112.8 R 1.754(xt iteration of the enclosing)-.15 F F2 -.25(fo)4.254 G(r)
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+1.753(is speci\214ed,)4.493 F 1.208(resume at the)144 124.8 R F1(n)3.709
+E F0 1.209(th enclosing loop.)B F1(n)6.569 E F0 1.209(must be)3.949 F/F3
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+(loops, the last enclosing loop \(the `)144 136.8 R(`top-le)-.74 E -.15
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+(The return v)5.513 F .513(alue is 0 unless)-.25 F F1(n)3.013 E F0(is)
+3.013 E(not greater than or equal to 1.)144 148.8 Q F2(declar)108 165.6
+Q(e)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F2(\255aAfFgilrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad70>-2.5 E F0
+2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F1(value)A F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E F2
+(typeset)108 177.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255aAfFgilrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F2
+<ad70>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F1(value)A F0 2.5(].)C
+(..])-2.5 E 1.264(Declare v)144 189.6 R 1.264(ariables and/or gi)-.25 F
+1.564 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 1.264(hem attrib).15 F 3.765(utes. If)-.2 F(no)
+3.765 E F1(name)3.765 E F0 3.765(sa)C 1.265(re gi)-3.765 F -.15(ve)-.25
+G 3.765(nt).15 G 1.265(hen display the v)-3.765 F 1.265(alues of)-.25 F
+-.25(va)144 201.6 S 3.483(riables. The).25 F F2<ad70>3.483 E F0 .983
(option will display the attrib)3.483 F .983(utes and v)-.2 F .982
-(alues of each)-.25 F F2(name)3.482 E F0 5.982(.W).18 G(hen)-5.982 E F1
-<ad70>3.482 E F0 .982(is used)3.482 F(with)144 132 Q F2(name)3.579 E F0
-(ar)3.579 E 1.079(guments, additional options are ignored.)-.18 F(When)
-6.079 E F1<ad70>3.579 E F0 1.079(is supplied without)3.579 F F2(name)
-3.58 E F0(ar)3.58 E(gu-)-.18 E .151(ments, it will display the attrib)
-144 144 R .151(utes and v)-.2 F .151(alues of all v)-.25 F .15
-(ariables ha)-.25 F .15(ving the attrib)-.2 F .15
-(utes speci\214ed by the)-.2 F .046(additional options.)144 156 R .046
-(If no other options are supplied with)5.046 F F1<ad70>2.547 E F0(,)A F1
-(declar)2.547 E(e)-.18 E F0 .047(will display the attrib)2.547 F .047
-(utes and)-.2 F -.25(va)144 168 S 1.363(lues of all shell v).25 F 3.863
-(ariables. The)-.25 F F1<ad66>3.863 E F0 1.362
-(option will restrict the display to shell functions.)3.863 F(The)6.362
-E F1<ad46>3.862 E F0 2.422(option inhibits the display of function de\
-\214nitions; only the function name and attrib)144 180 R 2.423(utes are)
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3.788 E F0 6.288(.T)C(he)-6.288 E F2<ad67>3.789 E F0(option)3.789 E .491
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-240 Q(ariables with the speci\214ed attrib)-.25 E(ute or to gi)-.2 E .3
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-(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1<ad41>144 264 Q F0(Each)23.08 E F2(name)2.5 E F0
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-(-case characters are con)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .91(rted to lo).15 F(wer)
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-(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F1<ad72>144 336 Q F0(Mak)25.86 E(e)-.1 E F2
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-(-case characters are con)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .909(rted to upper).15 F
-(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 396 R(lo)2.5 E(wer)-.25 E(-case attrib)-.2 E
-(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F1<ad78>144 408 Q F0(Mark)25.3 E F2(name)2.5 E
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+(alue, all upper)-.25 F .909(-case characters are con)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.4
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+(Using `+' instead of `\255' turns of)144 506.4 R 2.62(ft)-.25 G .12
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+(xceptions that)-.15 F F2(+a)2.621 E F0 .121(may not be used)2.621 F
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+-3.145 F .645(ariable and)-.25 F F2(+r)3.145 E F0 .645(will not remo)
3.145 F .945 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .645(he readonly attrib).15 F 3.144
-(ute. When)-.2 F .644(used in a func-)3.144 F 1.185(tion, mak)144 448.8
-R 1.185(es each)-.1 F F2(name)3.686 E F0 1.186(local, as with the)3.686
-F F
1(local)3.686 E F0 1.186(command, unless the)3.686 F F1<ad67>3.686 E
-F0 1.186(option is supplied, If a)3.686 F -.25(va)144 460.8 S .118
-(riable name is follo).25 F .118(wed by =)-.25 F F2(value)A F0 2.618(,t)
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+F F
2(local)3.686 E F0 1.186(command, unless the)3.686 F F2<ad67>3.686 E
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C 3.993(na)-3.993 G 1.493(ttempt is made to assign a v)-3.993 F 1.493
(alue to a readonly v)-.25 F 1.493(ariable, an attempt is made to)-.25 F
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F .097(ariable name, an attempt is made to turn of)-.25 F 2.596(fr)-.25
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(ariable, an attempt is made to turn of)-.25 F 3.158(fa)-.25 G .659
(rray status for an array v)-3.158 F .659(ariable, or)-.25 F
-(an attempt is made to display a non-e)144 532.8 Q
-(xistent function with)-.15 E F1<ad66>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(dirs [+)108 549.6
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(thout options, displays the list of currently remembered directories.)
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124.8 R F1<ad61>2.923 E F0
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213.6 R F1<ad61>2.923 E F0
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F2(jobspec)4.38 E F0 .14(is not remo)2.95 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.641(df).15
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172.8 R F1<ad72>3.157 E F0 .657
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261.6 R F1<ad72>3.157 E F0 .657
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F0([)2.5 E F1(\255neE)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E
-.394(Output the)144 213.6 R F2(ar)2.894 E(g)-.37 E F0 .394
-(s, separated by spaces, follo)B .395(wed by a ne)-.25 F 2.895
-(wline. The)-.25 F .395(return status is al)2.895 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .395
-(ys 0.).1 F(If)5.395 E F1<ad6e>2.895 E F0 .549
-(is speci\214ed, the trailing ne)144 225.6 R .548(wline is suppressed.)
--.25 F .548(If the)5.548 F F1<ad65>3.048 E F0 .548(option is gi)3.048 F
--.15(ve)-.25 G .548(n, interpretation of the fol-).15 F(lo)144 237.6 Q
-.052(wing backslash-escaped characters is enabled.)-.25 F(The)5.052 E F1
-<ad45>2.552 E F0 .053(option disables the interpretation of these)2.553
-F 1.503(escape characters, e)144 249.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.003(no).15 G
-4.003(ns)-4.003 G 1.502(ystems where the)-4.003 F 4.002(ya)-.15 G 1.502
-(re interpreted by def)-4.002 F 4.002(ault. The)-.1 F F1(xpg_echo)4.002
-E F0(shell)4.002 E .009
-(option may be used to dynamically determine whether or not)144 261.6 R
-F1(echo)2.509 E F0 -.15(ex)2.51 G .01(pands these escape characters).15
-F .66(by def)144 273.6 R(ault.)-.1 E F1(echo)5.66 E F0 .66
-(does not interpret)3.16 F F1<adad>3.16 E F0 .659
-(to mean the end of options.)3.159 F F1(echo)5.659 E F0 .659
-(interprets the follo)3.159 F(wing)-.25 E(escape sequences:)144 285.6 Q
-F1(\\a)144 297.6 Q F0(alert \(bell\))28.22 E F1(\\b)144 309.6 Q F0
-(backspace)27.66 E F1(\\c)144 321.6 Q F0(suppress further output)28.78 E
-F1(\\e)144 333.6 Q(\\E)144 345.6 Q F0(an escape character)26.55 E F1
-(\\f)144 357.6 Q F0(form feed)29.89 E F1(\\n)144 369.6 Q F0(ne)27.66 E
-2.5(wl)-.25 G(ine)-2.5 E F1(\\r)144 381.6 Q F0(carriage return)28.78 E
-F1(\\t)144 393.6 Q F0(horizontal tab)29.89 E F1(\\v)144 405.6 Q F0 -.15
-(ve)28.22 G(rtical tab).15 E F1(\\\\)144 417.6 Q F0(backslash)30.44 E F1
-(\\0)144 429.6 Q F2(nnn)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)13.22 E
+.424(Output the)144 302.4 R F2(ar)2.924 E(g)-.37 E F0 .424
+(s, separated by spaces, follo)B .424(wed by a ne)-.25 F 2.924
+(wline. The)-.25 F .424(return status is 0 unless a write)2.924 F .308
+(error occurs.)144 314.4 R(If)5.308 E F1<ad6e>2.808 E F0 .308
+(is speci\214ed, the trailing ne)2.808 F .308(wline is suppressed.)-.25
+F .307(If the)5.308 F F1<ad65>2.807 E F0 .307(option is gi)2.807 F -.15
+(ve)-.25 G .307(n, inter).15 F(-)-.2 E 1.348(pretation of the follo)144
+326.4 R 1.348(wing backslash-escaped characters is enabled.)-.25 F(The)
+6.348 E F1<ad45>3.849 E F0 1.349(option disables the)3.849 F 1.055
+(interpretation of these escape characters, e)144 338.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
+3.555(no).15 G 3.555(ns)-3.555 G 1.055(ystems where the)-3.555 F 3.554
+(ya)-.15 G 1.054(re interpreted by def)-3.554 F(ault.)-.1 E(The)144
+350.4 Q F1(xpg_echo)3.458 E F0 .959
+(shell option may be used to dynamically determine whether or not)3.458
+F F1(echo)3.459 E F0 -.15(ex)3.459 G(pands).15 E .716
+(these escape characters by def)144 362.4 R(ault.)-.1 E F1(echo)5.716 E
+F0 .716(does not interpret)3.216 F F1<adad>3.216 E F0 .715
+(to mean the end of options.)3.216 F F1(echo)5.715 E F0
+(interprets the follo)144 374.4 Q(wing escape sequences:)-.25 E F1(\\a)
+144 386.4 Q F0(alert \(bell\))28.22 E F1(\\b)144 398.4 Q F0(backspace)
+27.66 E F1(\\c)144 410.4 Q F0(suppress further output)28.78 E F1(\\e)144
+422.4 Q(\\E)144 434.4 Q F0(an escape character)26.55 E F1(\\f)144 446.4
+Q F0(form feed)29.89 E F1(\\n)144 458.4 Q F0(ne)27.66 E 2.5(wl)-.25 G
+(ine)-2.5 E F1(\\r)144 470.4 Q F0(carriage return)28.78 E F1(\\t)144
+482.4 Q F0(horizontal tab)29.89 E F1(\\v)144 494.4 Q F0 -.15(ve)28.22 G
+(rtical tab).15 E F1(\\\\)144 506.4 Q F0(backslash)30.44 E F1(\\0)144
+518.4 Q F2(nnn)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)13.22 E
(alue is the octal v)-.25 E(alue)-.25 E F2(nnn)2.5 E F0
-(\(zero to three octal digits\))2.5 E F1(\\x)144 441.6 Q F2(HH)A F0
+(\(zero to three octal digits\))2.5 E F1(\\x)144 530.4 Q F2(HH)A F0
(the eight-bit character whose v)13.78 E(alue is the he)-.25 E
(xadecimal v)-.15 E(alue)-.25 E F2(HH)2.5 E F0(\(one or tw)2.5 E 2.5(oh)
--.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E F1(\\u)144 453.6 Q F2(HHHH)A F0
-1.506(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 465.6 R 1.507
+-.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E F1(\\u)144 542.4 Q F2(HHHH)A F0
+1.506(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 554.4 R 1.507
(alue is the he)-.25 F 1.507(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHH)
-4.007 E F0(\(one to four he)180 477.6 Q 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\))-2.5 E F1
-(\\U)144 489.6 Q F2(HHHHHHHH)A F0 .548
-(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 501.6 R .547
+4.007 E F0(\(one to four he)180 566.4 Q 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\))-2.5 E F1
+(\\U)144 578.4 Q F2(HHHHHHHH)A F0 .548
+(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 590.4 R .547
(alue is the he)-.25 F .547(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHHH-)
-3.047 E(HHH)180 513.6 Q F0(\(one to eight he)2.5 E 2.5(xd)-.15 G
-(igits\))-2.5 E F1(enable)108
530.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad61>A F0 2.5(][)C
+3.047 E(HHH)180 602.4 Q F0(\(one to eight he)2.5 E 2.5(xd)-.15 G
+(igits\))-2.5 E F1(enable)108
619.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad61>A F0 2.5(][)C
F1(\255dnps)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad66>-2.5 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0 2.5
-(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .277(Enable and disable b)144 542.4 R
+(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .277(Enable and disable b)144 631.2 R
.278(uiltin shell commands.)-.2 F .278(Disabling a b)5.278 F .278
(uiltin allo)-.2 F .278(ws a disk command which has)-.25 F .834
-(the same name as a shell b)144 554.4 R .834(uiltin to be e)-.2 F -.15
+(the same name as a shell b)144 643.2 R .834(uiltin to be e)-.2 F -.15
(xe)-.15 G .834(cuted without specifying a full pathname, e).15 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G 3.333(nt).15 G(hough)-3.333 E .989
-(the shell normally searches for b)144 566.4 R .989
+(the shell normally searches for b)144 655.2 R .989
(uiltins before disk commands.)-.2 F(If)5.989 E F1<ad6e>3.489 E F0 .99
(is used, each)3.49 F F2(name)3.49 E F0 .99(is dis-)3.49 F 1.582
-(abled; otherwise,)144 578.4 R F2(names)4.082 E F0 1.582(are enabled.)
+(abled; otherwise,)144 667.2 R F2(names)4.082 E F0 1.582(are enabled.)
4.082 F -.15(Fo)6.582 G 4.082(re).15 G 1.582(xample, to use the)-4.232 F
F1(test)4.082 E F0 1.582(binary found via the)4.082 F F3 -.666(PA)4.081
-G(TH)-.189 E F0 .08(instead of the shell b)144 590.4 R .08(uiltin v)-.2
+G(TH)-.189 E F0 .08(instead of the shell b)144 679.2 R .08(uiltin v)-.2
F .08(ersion, run)-.15 F/F5 10/Courier@0 SF .081(enable -n test)2.58 F
F0 5.081(.T)C(he)-5.081 E F1<ad66>2.581 E F0 .081
-(option means to load the ne)2.581 F(w)-.25 E -.2(bu)144 602.4 S 1.525
+(option means to load the ne)2.581 F(w)-.25 E -.2(bu)144 691.2 S 1.525
(iltin command).2 F F2(name)4.385 E F0 1.524(from shared object)4.204 F
F2(\214lename)4.024 E F0 4.024(,o).18 G 4.024(ns)-4.024 G 1.524
-(ystems that support dynamic loading.)-4.024 F(The)144
614.4 Q F1<ad64>
+(ystems that support dynamic loading.)-4.024 F(The)144
703.2 Q F1<ad64>
2.866 E F0 .366(option will delete a b)2.866 F .366(uiltin pre)-.2 F
.366(viously loaded with)-.25 F F1<ad66>2.867 E F0 5.367(.I)C 2.867(fn)
-5.367 G(o)-2.867 E F2(name)2.867 E F0(ar)2.867 E .367(guments are gi)
--.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .367(n, or).15 F .399(if the)144
626.4 R F1<ad70>
+-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .367(n, or).15 F .399(if the)144
715.2 R F1<ad70>
2.899 E F0 .399(option is supplied, a list of shell b)2.899 F .399
(uiltins is printed.)-.2 F -.4(Wi)5.399 G .399(th no other option ar).4
F .398(guments, the)-.18 F .098(list consists of all enabled shell b)144
-
638.4 R 2.598(uiltins. If)-.2 F F1<ad6e>2.598 E F0 .098
+
727.2 R 2.598(uiltins. If)-.2 F F1<ad6e>2.598 E F0 .098
(is supplied, only disabled b)2.598 F .099(uiltins are printed.)-.2 F
-(If)5.099 E F1<ad61>2.599 E F0 1.917
-(is supplied, the list printed includes all b)144 650.4 R 1.916
-(uiltins, with an indication of whether or not each is)-.2 F 2.878
-(enabled. If)144 662.4 R F1<ad73>2.878 E F0 .379
-(is supplied, the output is restricted to the POSIX)2.878 F F2(special)
-2.879 E F0 -.2(bu)2.879 G 2.879(iltins. The).2 F .379(return v)2.879 F
-(alue)-.25 E .995(is 0 unless a)144 674.4 R F2(name)3.855 E F0 .994
-(is not a shell b)3.675 F .994(uiltin or there is an error loading a ne)
--.2 F 3.494(wb)-.25 G .994(uiltin from a shared)-3.694 F(object.)144
-686.4 Q F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)108 703.2 T(l).15 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37
-E F0(...])2.5 E(The)144 715.2 Q F2(ar)3.17 E(g)-.37 E F0 3.17(sa)C .671
-(re read and concatenated together into a single command.)-3.17 F .671
-(This command is then read)5.671 F .495(and e)144 727.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G
-.495(cuted by the shell, and its e).15 F .495
-(xit status is returned as the v)-.15 F .495(alue of)-.25 F F1 -2.3 -.15
-(ev a)2.995 H(l).15 E F0 5.495(.I)C 2.995(ft)-5.495 G .495(here are no)
--2.995 F F2(ar)2.995 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q
-(2011 April 11)146.785 E(55)195.945 E 0 Cg EP
+(If)5.099 E F1<ad61>2.599 E F0(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2011 July 7)151.505
+E(55)200.665 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 56 56
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E(or only null ar)144 84 Q(guments,)-.18 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF
--2.3 -.15(ev a)2.5 H(l).15 E F0(returns 0.)2.5 E F1(exec)108 100.8 Q F0
-([)2.5 E F1(\255cl)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad61>-2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
+-.35 E 1.917(is supplied, the list printed includes all b)144 84 R 1.916
+(uiltins, with an indication of whether or not each is)-.2 F 2.878
+(enabled. If)144 96 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad73>2.878 E F0 .379
+(is supplied, the output is restricted to the POSIX)2.878 F/F2 10
+/Times-Italic@0 SF(special)2.879 E F0 -.2(bu)2.879 G 2.879(iltins. The)
+.2 F .379(return v)2.879 F(alue)-.25 E .995(is 0 unless a)144 108 R F2
+(name)3.855 E F0 .994(is not a shell b)3.675 F .994
+(uiltin or there is an error loading a ne)-.2 F 3.494(wb)-.25 G .994
+(uiltin from a shared)-3.694 F(object.)144 120 Q F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)108
+136.8 T(l).15 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(The)144 148.8
+Q F2(ar)3.17 E(g)-.37 E F0 3.17(sa)C .671
+(re read and concatenated together into a single command.)-3.17 F .671
+(This command is then read)5.671 F .495(and e)144 160.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G
+.495(cuted by the shell, and its e).15 F .495
+(xit status is returned as the v)-.15 F .495(alue of)-.25 F F1 -2.3 -.15
+(ev a)2.995 H(l).15 E F0 5.495(.I)C 2.995(ft)-5.495 G .495(here are no)
+-2.995 F F2(ar)2.995 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E(or only null ar)144 172.8 Q
+(guments,)-.18 E F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)2.5 H(l).15 E F0(returns 0.)2.5 E F1
+(exec)108 189.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255cl)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad61>-2.5 E F2
(name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(command)-2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)
--.37 E F0(]])A(If)144 112.8 Q F2(command)3.005 E F0 .305
+-.37 E F0(]])A(If)144 201.6 Q F2(command)3.005 E F0 .305
(is speci\214ed, it replaces the shell.)3.575 F .305(No ne)5.305 F 2.805
(wp)-.25 G .306(rocess is created.)-2.805 F(The)5.306 E F2(ar)3.136 E
-(guments)-.37 E F0(become)3.076 E .177(the ar)144 124.8 R .177
+(guments)-.37 E F0(become)3.076 E .177(the ar)144 213.6 R .177
(guments to)-.18 F F2(command)2.676 E F0 5.176(.I)C 2.676(ft)-5.176 G
(he)-2.676 E F1<ad6c>2.676 E F0 .176
(option is supplied, the shell places a dash at the be)2.676 F .176
-(ginning of)-.15 F .499(the zeroth ar)144 136.8 R .499(gument passed to)
+(ginning of)-.15 F .499(the zeroth ar)144 225.6 R .499(gument passed to)
-.18 F F2(command)2.999 E F0 5.499(.T).77 G .499(his is what)-5.499 F F2
(lo)2.999 E(gin)-.1 E F0 .499(\(1\) does.).24 F(The)5.5 E F1<ad63>3 E F0
-.5(option causes)3 F F2(com-)3.2 E(mand)144 148.8 Q F0 .639(to be e)
+.5(option causes)3 F F2(com-)3.2 E(mand)144 237.6 Q F0 .639(to be e)
3.909 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .638(cuted with an empty en).15 F 3.138
(vironment. If)-.4 F F1<ad61>3.138 E F0 .638
(is supplied, the shell passes)3.138 F F2(name)3.498 E F0 .638(as the)
-3.318 F 1.077(zeroth ar)144 160.8 R 1.077(gument to the e)-.18 F -.15
+3.318 F 1.077(zeroth ar)144 249.6 R 1.077(gument to the e)-.18 F -.15
(xe)-.15 G 1.077(cuted command.).15 F(If)6.077 E F2(command)3.777 E F0
1.077(cannot be e)4.347 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.077(cuted for some reason, a)
-.15 F(non-interacti)144 172.8 Q .618 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .318(hell e).15 F
+.15 F(non-interacti)144 261.6 Q .618 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .318(hell e).15 F
.318(xits, unless the shell option)-.15 F F1(execfail)2.817 E F0 .317
(is enabled, in which case it returns f)2.817 F(ail-)-.1 E 2.505
-(ure. An)144 184.8 R(interacti)2.505 E .305 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .005
+(ure. An)144 273.6 R(interacti)2.505 E .305 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .005
(hell returns f).15 F .005(ailure if the \214le cannot be e)-.1 F -.15
(xe)-.15 G 2.505(cuted. If).15 F F2(command)2.705 E F0 .005
-(is not speci\214ed,)3.275 F(an)144 196.8 Q 3.037(yr)-.15 G .537
+(is not speci\214ed,)3.275 F(an)144 285.6 Q 3.037(yr)-.15 G .537
(edirections tak)-3.037 F 3.036(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-3.036 G .536
(ect in the current shell, and the return status is 0.).25 F .536
-(If there is a redirection)5.536 F(error)144 208.8 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G
-(he return status is 1.)-2.5 E F1(exit)108 225.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0
+(If there is a redirection)5.536 F(error)144 297.6 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G
+(he return status is 1.)-2.5 E F1(exit)108 314.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0
6.29(]C)C .095(ause the shell to e)-6.29 F .095(xit with a status of)
-.15 F F2(n)2.595 E F0 5.095(.I)C(f)-5.095 E F2(n)2.955 E F0 .096
(is omitted, the e)2.835 F .096(xit status is that of the last command)
--.15 F -.15(exe)144 237.6 S 2.5(cuted. A).15 F(trap on)2.5 E/F3 9
+-.15 F -.15(exe)144 326.4 S 2.5(cuted. A).15 F(trap on)2.5 E/F3 9
/Times-Bold@0 SF(EXIT)2.5 E F0(is e)2.25 E -.15(xe)-.15 G
-(cuted before the shell terminates.).15 E F1(export)108 254.4 Q F0([)2.5
+(cuted before the shell terminates.).15 E F1(export)108 343.2 Q F0([)2.5
E F1(\255fn)A F0 2.5(][).833 G F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E
-F0(]] ...)A F1(export \255p)108 266.4 Q F0 .257(The supplied)144 278.4 R
+F0(]] ...)A F1(export \255p)108 355.2 Q F0 .257(The supplied)144 367.2 R
F2(names)3.117 E F0 .257(are mark)3.027 F .257(ed for automatic e)-.1 F
.257(xport to the en)-.15 F .257(vironment of subsequently e)-.4 F -.15
-(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E 2.626(commands. If)144 290.4 R(the)2.626 E F1
+(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E 2.626(commands. If)144 379.2 R(the)2.626 E F1
<ad66>2.626 E F0 .127(option is gi)2.627 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .127(n, the)
.15 F F2(names)2.987 E F0 .127(refer to functions.)2.897 F .127(If no)
5.127 F F2(names)2.987 E F0 .127(are gi)2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .127
-(n, or if the).15 F F1<ad70>144 302.4 Q F0 .66
+(n, or if the).15 F F1<ad70>144 391.2 Q F0 .66
(option is supplied, a list of all names that are e)3.16 F .659
(xported in this shell is printed.)-.15 F(The)5.659 E F1<ad6e>3.159 E F0
-(option)3.159 E 1.586(causes the e)144 314.4 R 1.586
+(option)3.159 E 1.586(causes the e)144 403.2 R 1.586
(xport property to be remo)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.086(df).15 G 1.586
(rom each)-4.086 F F2(name)4.086 E F0 6.586(.I)C 4.086(fav)-6.586 G
-1.587(ariable name is follo)-4.336 F 1.587(wed by)-.25 F(=)144 326.4 Q
+1.587(ariable name is follo)-4.336 F 1.587(wed by)-.25 F(=)144 415.2 Q
F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 2.804(,t)C .304(he v)-2.804 F .304(alue of the v)
-.25 F .304(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)2.804 E(d)-.37 E F0(.)A F1
(export)5.304 E F0 .304(returns an e)2.804 F .303
(xit status of 0 unless an in)-.15 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .293
-(option is encountered, one of the)144 338.4 R F2(names)2.793 E F0 .293
+(option is encountered, one of the)144 427.2 R F2(names)2.793 E F0 .293
(is not a v)2.793 F .293(alid shell v)-.25 F .293(ariable name, or)-.25
F F1<ad66>2.793 E F0 .294(is supplied with a)2.793 F F2(name)144.36
-350.4 Q F0(that is not a function.)2.68 E F1(fc)108 367.2 Q F0([)2.5 E
-
F1<ad65>A F2(ename)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255lnr)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2
+439.2 Q F0(that is not a function.)2.68 E F1(fc)108 456 Q F0([)2.5 E F1
+<ad65>A F2(ename)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255lnr)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2
<8c72>-2.5 E(st)-.1 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(last)-2.5 E F0(])A F1(fc \255s)108
-379.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(pat)A F0(=)A F2 -.37(re)C(p).37 E F0 2.5(][)C F2
-(cmd)-2.5 E F0(])A .478(Fix Command.)144 391.2 R .478
+468 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(pat)A F0(=)A F2 -.37(re)C(p).37 E F0 2.5(][)C F2
+(cmd)-2.5 E F0(])A .478(Fix Command.)144 480 R .478
(In the \214rst form, a range of commands from)5.478 F F2<8c72>4.888 E
(st)-.1 E F0(to)3.658 E F2(last)3.068 E F0 .477
-(is selected from the his-)3.658 F .881(tory list.)144 403.2 R F2 -.45
-(Fi)5.881 G -.1(rs).45 G(t).1 E F0(and)4.061 E F2(last)3.471 E F0 .882
+(is selected from the his-)3.658 F .881(tory list.)144 492 R F2 -.45(Fi)
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(may be speci\214ed as a string \(to locate the last command be)4.062 F
.882(ginning with)-.15 F .797(that string\) or as a number \(an inde)144
-415.2 R 3.297(xi)-.15 G .797(nto the history list, where a ne)-3.297 F
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-.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.097 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .796(umber is used as an)
-.15 F(of)144 427.2 Q .276(fset from the current command number\).)-.25 F
+.15 F(of)144 516 Q .276(fset from the current command number\).)-.25 F
(If)5.276 E F2(last)2.866 E F0 .277
(is not speci\214ed it is set to the current command)3.456 F .093
-(for listing \(so that)144 439.2 R/F4 10/Courier@0 SF .092
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(fc \255l \25510)2.592 F F0 .092(prints the last 10 commands\) and to)
2.592 F F2<8c72>4.502 E(st)-.1 E F0 2.592(otherwise. If)3.272 F F2<8c72>
4.502 E(st)-.1 E F0 .092(is not)3.272 F
-(speci\214ed it is set to the pre)144 451.2 Q
-(vious command for editing and \25516 for listing.)-.25 E(The)144 475.2
-
Q F1<ad6e>2.522 E F0 .022
+(speci\214ed it is set to the pre)144 540 Q
+(vious command for editing and \25516 for listing.)-.25 E(The)144 564 Q
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(option suppresses the command numbers when listing.)2.522 F(The)5.022 E
F1<ad72>2.522 E F0 .022(option re)2.522 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .022
-(rses the order of).15 F .438(the commands.)144 487.2 R .438(If the)
-
5.438 F F1<ad6c>2.938 E F0 .438(option is gi)2.938 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .438
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(n, the commands are listed on standard output.).15 F(Otherwise,)5.438 E
-.334(the editor gi)144 499.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.834(nb).15 G(y)-2.834 E
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-E F0 -.25(va)2.881 G .631(riable is used, and the v).25 F .631(alue of)
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--.15(exe)144 535.2 S(cuted.).15 E .04(In the second form,)144 559.2 R F2
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2.906 F F0 2.906(,s)C 2.906(ot)-2.906 G .406(hat typing)-2.906 F F4
6.406(rc)2.906 G(c)-6.406 E F0 .406(runs the last command be)2.906 F
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-E F0(re-e)2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cutes the last command.).15 E .142
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R .454(If the)5.454 F F1<ad65>2.954 E F0 .454
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--.15(ve a)-.2 H(n).15 E(ar)144 120 Q .579
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(The colon and question mark char)5.579 F(-)-.2 E 1.665
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(normally parses the positional parameters, b)4.893 F 2.392
(ut if more ar)-.2 F 2.392(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.892
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(In normal operation diagnostic messages are printed when in)6.263 F
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3.402 F .902(It returns f)5.902 F .901(alse if the end of)-.1 F
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-(viously-remembered pathname is discarded.)-.25 F .098(If the)144 520.8
-R F
1<ad70>2.598 E F0 .098
-(option is supplied, no path search is performed, and)2.598 F F2
+(viously-remembered pathname is discarded.)-.25 F .098(If the)144 614.4
+R F
2<ad70>2.598 E F0 .098
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(\214lename)4.509 E F0 .099(is used as the full \214le name)2.779 F
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532.8 R(The)6.712 E F1<ad72>4.212 E F0 1.711
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626.4 R(The)6.712 E F2<ad72>4.212 E F0 1.711
(option causes the shell to for)4.212 F 1.711
-(get all remembered locations.)-.18 F(The)6.711 E F
1<ad64>4.211 E F0
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-C 3.333(ft)-5.833 G(he)-3.333 E F
1<ad74>3.333 E F0 .833(option is sup-)
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2<ad64>4.211 E F0
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686.4 Q F2<ad6c>2.821 E F0 .321
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+(Display only a short usage synopsis for each)26.41 E F2(pattern)2.5 E
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(th no options, display the command history list with line numbers.).4 F
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2.676 E F0 .176
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(Clear the history list by deleting all the entries.)25.86 E F1<ad64>144
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(Append the `)25.3 F(`ne)-.74 E(w')-.25 E 3.098('h)-.74 G .598
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(Perform history substitution on the follo)24.74 F(wing)-.25 E F2(ar)
3.125 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .625(and display the result on the standard)3.125 F
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2.975 E(g)-.37 E F0 .475(must be quoted to disable)2.975 F
-(normal history e)180 372 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1<ad73>144 384 Q F0 .363
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(ginning with the history comment character follo)-.15 F .956
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(vious history line.)-.25 F .416(The return v)5.416 F .415
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472.8 Q(gument to)-.18 E F1<ad64>2.5 E F0 2.5
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578.4 Q(gument to)-.18 E F1<ad64>2.5 E F0 2.5
(,o)C 2.5(rt)-2.5 G(he history e)-2.5 E(xpansion supplied as an ar)-.15
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(List process IDs in addition to the normal information.)27.52 E F1
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24.74 F .494 -.15(ve c)-.2 H .193(hanged status since the user w).15 F
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549.6 Q F1<ad70>144
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-(Restrict output to running jobs.)25.86 E F1<ad73>144 585.6 Q F0
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655.2 Q F1<ad70>144
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-.196(luated \(see).25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .196(ARITHMETIC EV)2.696 F
-(ALU)-1.215 E -.855(AT)-.54 G(ION).855 E F0(abo)2.446 E -.15(ve)-.15 G
-2.696(\). If).15 F(the last)144 160.8 Q F1(ar)2.83 E(g)-.37 E F0 -.25
-(eva)2.72 G(luates to 0,).25 E F2(let)2.5 E F0
-(returns 1; 0 is returned otherwise.)2.5 E F2(local)108 177.6 Q F0([)2.5
-E F1(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F1(value)A F0 2.5(].)C
-(..])-2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 189.6 S 2.56(re).15 G .06(ach ar)-2.56 F .06
-(gument, a local v)-.18 F .06(ariable named)-.25 F F1(name)2.92 E F0 .06
-(is created, and assigned)2.74 F F1(value)2.56 E F0 5.06(.T).18 G(he)
--5.06 E F1(option)2.56 E F0 .06(can be)2.56 F(an)144 201.6 Q 3.153(yo)
--.15 G 3.153(ft)-3.153 G .653(he options accepted by)-3.153 F F2(declar)
-3.153 E(e)-.18 E F0 5.652(.W)C(hen)-5.652 E F2(local)3.152 E F0 .652
+.196(luated \(see).25 F F3 .196(ARITHMETIC EV)2.696 F(ALU)-1.215 E -.855
+(AT)-.54 G(ION).855 E F0(abo)2.446 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.696(\). If).15 F
+(the last)144 261.6 Q F2(ar)2.83 E(g)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)2.72 G
+(luates to 0,).25 E F1(let)2.5 E F0(returns 1; 0 is returned otherwise.)
+2.5 E F1(local)108 278.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)
+-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 290.4 S
+2.56(re).15 G .06(ach ar)-2.56 F .06(gument, a local v)-.18 F .06
+(ariable named)-.25 F F2(name)2.92 E F0 .06(is created, and assigned)
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+.06(can be)2.56 F(an)144 302.4 Q 3.153(yo)-.15 G 3.153(ft)-3.153 G .653
+(he options accepted by)-3.153 F F1(declar)3.153 E(e)-.18 E F0 5.652(.W)
+C(hen)-5.652 E F1(local)3.152 E F0 .652
(is used within a function, it causes the v)3.152 F(ari-)-.25 E(able)144
-213.6 Q F1(name)3.72 E F0 .86(to ha)3.54 F 1.16 -.15(ve a v)-.2 H .861
+314.4 Q F2(name)3.72 E F0 .86(to ha)3.54 F 1.16 -.15(ve a v)-.2 H .861
(isible scope restricted to that function and its children.).15 F -.4
-(Wi)5.861 G .861(th no operands,).4 F F2(local)144 225.6 Q F0 1.165
+(Wi)5.861 G .861(th no operands,).4 F F1(local)144 326.4 Q F0 1.165
(writes a list of local v)3.665 F 1.165
(ariables to the standard output.)-.25 F 1.165(It is an error to use)
-6.165 F F2(local)3.664 E F0 1.164(when not)3.664 F .232
-(within a function.)144 237.6 R .233(The return status is 0 unless)5.232
-F F2(local)2.733 E F0 .233(is used outside a function, an in)2.733 F
--.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F1(name)3.093 E F0(is)2.913 E(supplied, or)144
-249.6 Q F1(name)2.5 E F0(is a readonly v)2.5 E(ariable.)-.25 E F2
-(logout)108 266.4 Q F0(Exit a login shell.)9.33 E F2(map\214le)108 283.2
-Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6e>A F1(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad4f>-2.5 E F1
-(origin)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad73>-2.5 E F1(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2
-<ad74>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad75>-2.5 E F1(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad43>
--2.5 E F1(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad63>-2.5 E F1(quantum)
-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(arr)-2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0(])A F2 -.18(re)108 295.2 S
-(adarray).18 E F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6e>A F1(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad4f>
--2.5 E F1(origin)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad73>-2.5 E F1(count)2.5 E F0 2.5
-(][)C F2<ad74>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad75>-2.5 E F1(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C
-F2<ad43>-2.5 E F1(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad63>-2.5 E F1
-(quantum)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(arr)-2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0(])A .351
-(Read lines from the standard input into the inde)144 307.2 R -.15(xe)
--.15 G 2.851(da).15 G .351(rray v)-2.851 F(ariable)-.25 E F1(arr)2.85 E
-(ay)-.15 E F0 2.85(,o).32 G 2.85(rf)-2.85 G .35(rom \214le descriptor)
--2.85 F F1(fd)2.85 E F0 1.248(if the)144 319.2 R F2<ad75>3.748 E F0
-1.248(option is supplied.)3.748 F 1.249(The v)6.249 F(ariable)-.25 E F3
-(MAPFILE)3.749 E F0 1.249(is the def)3.499 F(ault)-.1 E F1(arr)3.749 E
-(ay)-.15 E F0 6.249(.O)C 1.249(ptions, if supplied,)-6.249 F(ha)144
-331.2 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2<ad6e>
-144 343.2 Q F0(Cop)24.74 E 2.5(ya)-.1 G 2.5(tm)-2.5 G(ost)-2.5 E F1
-(count)2.7 E F0 2.5(lines. If)3.18 F F1(count)2.5 E F0
-(is 0, all lines are copied.)2.5 E F2<ad4f>144 355.2 Q F0(Be)22.52 E
-(gin assigning to)-.15 E F1(arr)2.83 E(ay)-.15 E F0(at inde)2.82 E(x)
--.15 E F1(origin)2.5 E F0 5(.T).24 G(he def)-5 E(ault inde)-.1 E 2.5(xi)
--.15 G 2.5(s0)-2.5 G(.)-2.5 E F2<ad73>144 367.2 Q F0
-(Discard the \214rst)26.41 E F1(count)2.5 E F0(lines read.)2.5 E F2
-<ad74>144 379.2 Q F0(Remo)26.97 E .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H(railing ne).15 E
-(wline from each line read.)-.25 E F2<ad75>144 391.2 Q F0
-(Read lines from \214le descriptor)24.74 E F1(fd)2.5 E F0
-(instead of the standard input.)2.5 E F2<ad43>144 403.2 Q F0(Ev)23.08 E
-(aluate)-.25 E F1(callbac)2.7 E(k)-.2 E F0(each time)3.17 E F1(quantum)
-2.5 E F0(lines are read.)2.5 E(The)5 E F2<ad63>2.5 E F0
-(option speci\214es)2.5 E F1(quantum)2.5 E F0(.).32 E F2<ad63>144 415.2
-Q F0(Specify the number of lines read between each call to)25.86 E F1
-(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0(.).67 E(If)144 432 Q F2<ad43>2.968 E F0 .467
-(is speci\214ed without)2.967 F F2<ad63>2.967 E F0 2.967(,t)C .467
-(he def)-2.967 F .467(ault quantum is 5000.)-.1 F(When)5.467 E F1
+6.165 F F1(local)3.664 E F0 1.164(when not)3.664 F .232
+(within a function.)144 338.4 R .233(The return status is 0 unless)5.232
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+350.4 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0(is a readonly v)2.5 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1
+(logout)108 367.2 Q F0(Exit a login shell.)9.33 E F1(map\214le)108 384 Q
+F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6e>A F2(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad4f>-2.5 E F2
+(origin)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad73>-2.5 E F2(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1
+<ad74>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad75>-2.5 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad43>
+-2.5 E F2(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad63>-2.5 E F2(quantum)
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+-2.5 E F2(origin)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad73>-2.5 E F2(count)2.5 E F0 2.5
+(][)C F1<ad74>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad75>-2.5 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C
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+(quantum)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(arr)-2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0(])A .351
+(Read lines from the standard input into the inde)144 408 R -.15(xe)-.15
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+(MAPFILE)3.749 E F0 1.249(is the def)3.499 F(ault)-.1 E F2(arr)3.749 E
+(ay)-.15 E F0 6.249(.O)C 1.249(ptions, if supplied,)-6.249 F(ha)144 432
+Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad6e>144
+444 Q F0(Cop)24.74 E 2.5(ya)-.1 G 2.5(tm)-2.5 G(ost)-2.5 E F2(count)2.7
+E F0 2.5(lines. If)3.18 F F2(count)2.5 E F0(is 0, all lines are copied.)
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+<ad73>144 468 Q F0(Discard the \214rst)26.41 E F2(count)2.5 E F0
+(lines read.)2.5 E F1<ad74>144 480 Q F0(Remo)26.97 E .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15
+H(railing ne).15 E(wline from each line read.)-.25 E F1<ad75>144 492 Q
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+(option speci\214es)2.5 E F2(quantum)2.5 E F0(.).32 E F1<ad63>144 516 Q
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+(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0(.).67 E(If)144 532.8 Q F1<ad43>2.968 E F0 .467
+(is speci\214ed without)2.967 F F1<ad63>2.967 E F0 2.967(,t)C .467
+(he def)-2.967 F .467(ault quantum is 5000.)-.1 F(When)5.467 E F2
(callbac)2.967 E(k)-.2 E F0 .467(is e)2.967 F -.25(va)-.25 G .467
-(luated, it is sup-).25 F .261(plied the inde)144 444 R 2.761(xo)-.15 G
-2.761(ft)-2.761 G .261(he ne)-2.761 F .262(xt array element to be assig\
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-(as additional ar)144 456 R(guments.)-.18 E F1(callbac)5.275 E(k)-.2 E
+(luated, it is sup-).25 F .261(plied the inde)144 544.8 R 2.761(xo)-.15
+G 2.761(ft)-2.761 G .261(he ne)-2.761 F .262(xt array element to be ass\
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+(as additional ar)144 556.8 R(guments.)-.18 E F2(callbac)5.275 E(k)-.2 E
F0 .275(is e)2.775 F -.25(va)-.25 G .274
(luated after the line is read b).25 F .274
-(ut before the array element is)-.2 F(assigned.)144 468 Q
-(If not supplied with an e)144 484.8 Q(xplicit origin,)-.15 E F2
-(map\214le)2.5 E F0(will clear)2.5 E F1(arr)2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0
-(before assigning to it.)2.5 E F2(map\214le)144 501.6 Q F0 1.905
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(returns successfully unless an in)4.405 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.905
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-(lid or unassignable, or if).25 E F1(arr)2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0
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.15 G .3(ntries from the directory stack.)-2.8 F -.4(Wi)5.299 G .299
(th no ar).4 F .299(guments, remo)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.799(st).15 G
.299(he top directory from the)-2.799 F 1.478(stack, and performs a)144
-554.4 R F2(cd)3.978 E F0 1.479(to the ne)3.978 F 3.979(wt)-.25 G 1.479
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(op directory)-3.979 F 6.479(.A)-.65 G -.18(rg)-6.479 G 1.479
(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.779 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.479(he follo).15
-F(wing)-.25 E(meanings:)144 566.4 Q F2<ad6e>144 578.4 Q F0 .551
+F(wing)-.25 E(meanings:)144 667.2 Q F1<ad6e>144 679.2 Q F0 .551
(Suppresses the normal change of directory when remo)24.74 F .551
(ving directories from the stack, so)-.15 F
-(that only the stack is manipulated.)180 590.4 Q F2(+)144 602.4 Q F1(n)A
-F0(Remo)25.3 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.64(st).15 G(he)-2.64 E F1(n)2.64 E F0
+(that only the stack is manipulated.)180 691.2 Q F1(+)144 703.2 Q F2(n)A
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-(Remo)25.3 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.76(st).15 G(he)-3.76 E F1(n)3.76 E F0
-1.259(th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.259(wn by)
--.25 F F2(dirs)3.759 E F0 3.759(,s)C 1.259(tarting with)-3.759 F 2.5
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-(alse if an in)-.1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .415
-(lid option is encountered, the directory stack is empty).25 F 2.915
-(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-2.915 E .415(xistent direc-)-.15 F
-(tory stack entry is speci\214ed, or the directory change f)144 679.2 Q
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-F(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2011 April 11)146.785 E(59)195.945 E 0 Cg EP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E(output.)144 84 Q(The)144 108 Q/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(format)
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-d output, character escape sequences, which are con)144 120 R -.15(ve)
--.4 G .703(rted and copied to).15 F .036(the standard output, and forma\
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-(printf)3.032 E F0 .532(\(1\) format speci\214cations,)B/F2 10
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--.25 E(ing e)144 156 Q(xtensions:)-.15 E F2(%b)144 168 Q F0(causes)20.44
-E F2(printf)5.115 E F0 2.615(to e)5.115 F 2.615
-(xpand backslash escape sequences in the corresponding)-.15 F F1(ar)
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-E F0(,)A F2(\\")3.108 E F0 3.108(,a)C(nd)-3.108 E F2(\\?)3.108 E F0 .608
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+(zero. F)180 96 R(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E/F3 10/Courier@0 SF(popd -0)
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+(If the)144 112.8 R F1(popd)3.143 E F0 .643(command is successful, a)
+3.143 F F1(dirs)3.143 E F0 .644
+(is performed as well, and the return status is 0.)3.143 F F1(popd)5.644
+E F0 .416(returns f)144 124.8 R .416(alse if an in)-.1 F -.25(va)-.4 G
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+(ails.)-.1 E F1(printf)108 153.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad76>A F2(var)2.5 E F0
+(])A F2(format)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A 1.436
+(Write the formatted)144 165.6 R F2(ar)3.936 E(guments)-.37 E F0 1.437
+(to the standard output under the control of the)3.936 F F2(format)3.937
+E F0 6.437(.T)C(he)-6.437 E F1<ad76>3.937 E F0 .126
+(option causes the output to be assigned to the v)144 177.6 R(ariable)
+-.25 E F2(var)2.626 E F0 .126(rather than being printed to the standard)
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+s a character string which contains three types of objects: plain chara\
+cters, which are)3.017 F .704(simply copied to standard output, charact\
+er escape sequences, which are con)144 225.6 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .703
+(rted and copied to).15 F .036(the standard output, and format speci\
+\214cations, each of which causes printing of the ne)144 237.6 R .037
+(xt successi)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G F2(ar)144 249.6 Q(gument)-.37 E F0
+5.532(.I)C 3.032(na)-5.532 G .532(ddition to the standard)-3.032 F F2
+(printf)3.032 E F0 .532(\(1\) format speci\214cations,)B F1(printf)3.031
+E F0 .531(interprets the follo)3.031 F(w-)-.25 E(ing e)144 261.6 Q
+(xtensions:)-.15 E F1(%b)144 273.6 Q F0(causes)20.44 E F1(printf)5.115 E
+F0 2.615(to e)5.115 F 2.615
+(xpand backslash escape sequences in the corresponding)-.15 F F2(ar)
+5.115 E(gument)-.37 E F0(\(e)180 285.6 Q .608(xcept that)-.15 F F1(\\c)
+3.108 E F0 .608(terminates output, backslashes in)3.108 F F1<5c08>3.108
+E F0(,)A F1(\\")3.108 E F0 3.108(,a)C(nd)-3.108 E F1(\\?)3.108 E F0 .608
(are not remo)3.108 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .608(d, and octal).15 F(escapes be)
-180 192 Q(ginning with)-.15 E F2(\\0)2.5 E F0
-(may contain up to four digits\).)2.5 E F2(%q)144 204 Q F0(causes)20.44
-E F2(printf)2.51 E F0 .01(to output the corresponding)2.51 F F1(ar)2.51
-E(gument)-.37 E F0 .01(in a format that can be reused as shell)2.51 F
-(input.)180 216 Q F2(%\()144 228 Q F1(datefmt)A F2(\)T)A F0(causes)180
-240 Q F2(printf)4.404 E F0 1.904
-(to output the date-time string resulting from using)4.404 F F1(datefmt)
-4.404 E F0 1.903(as a format)4.404 F .38(string for)180 252 R F1
-(strftime)2.881 E F0 2.881(\(3\). The)B(corresponding)2.881 E F1(ar)
+180 297.6 Q(ginning with)-.15 E F1(\\0)2.5 E F0
+(may contain up to four digits\).)2.5 E F1(%q)144 309.6 Q F0(causes)
+20.44 E F1(printf)2.51 E F0 .01(to output the corresponding)2.51 F F2
+(ar)2.51 E(gument)-.37 E F0 .01(in a format that can be reused as shell)
+2.51 F(input.)180 321.6 Q F1(%\()144 333.6 Q F2(datefmt)A F1(\)T)A F0
+(causes)180 345.6 Q F1(printf)4.404 E F0 1.904
+(to output the date-time string resulting from using)4.404 F F2(datefmt)
+4.404 E F0 1.903(as a format)4.404 F .38(string for)180 357.6 R F2
+(strftime)2.881 E F0 2.881(\(3\). The)B(corresponding)2.881 E F2(ar)
2.881 E(gument)-.37 E F0 .381(is an inte)2.881 F .381
(ger representing the number)-.15 F .458(of seconds since the epoch.)180
-264 R -1 -.8(Tw o)5.458 H .458(special ar)3.758 F .458(gument v)-.18 F
+369.6 R -1 -.8(Tw o)5.458 H .458(special ar)3.758 F .458(gument v)-.18 F
.458(alues may be used: -1 represents the)-.25 F
-(current time, and -2 represents the time the shell w)180 276 Q(as in)
--.1 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E(Ar)144 292.8 Q .463(guments to n\
+(current time, and -2 represents the time the shell w)180 381.6 Q(as in)
+-.1 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E(Ar)144 398.4 Q .463(guments to n\
on-string format speci\214ers are treated as C constants, e)-.18 F .464
-(xcept that a leading plus or)-.15 F 1.259(minus sign is allo)144 304.8
+(xcept that a leading plus or)-.15 F 1.259(minus sign is allo)144 410.4
R 1.259
(wed, and if the leading character is a single or double quote, the v)
--.25 F 1.258(alue is the)-.25 F(ASCII v)144 316.8 Q(alue of the follo)
--.25 E(wing character)-.25 E(.)-.55 E(The)144 333.6 Q F1(format)3.423 E
-F0 .923(is reused as necessary to consume all of the)3.423 F F1(ar)3.423
-E(guments)-.37 E F0 5.923(.I)C 3.423(ft)-5.923 G(he)-3.423 E F1(format)
-3.423 E F0 .924(requires more)3.424 F F1(ar)144 345.6 Q(guments)-.37 E
+-.25 F 1.258(alue is the)-.25 F(ASCII v)144 422.4 Q(alue of the follo)
+-.25 E(wing character)-.25 E(.)-.55 E(The)144 439.2 Q F2(format)3.423 E
+F0 .923(is reused as necessary to consume all of the)3.423 F F2(ar)3.423
+E(guments)-.37 E F0 5.923(.I)C 3.423(ft)-5.923 G(he)-3.423 E F2(format)
+3.423 E F0 .924(requires more)3.424 F F2(ar)144 451.2 Q(guments)-.37 E
F0 .033(than are supplied, the e)2.534 F .033
(xtra format speci\214cations beha)-.15 F .333 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 2.533(si)
.15 G 2.533(faz)-2.533 G .033(ero v)-2.533 F .033(alue or null string,)
--.25 F(as appropriate, had been supplied.)144 357.6 Q(The return v)5 E
-(alue is zero on success, non-zero on f)-.25 E(ailure.)-.1 E F2(pushd)
-108 374.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6e>A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C
-<ad>-2.5 E F1(n)A F0(])A F2(pushd)108 386.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6e>A F0
-2.5(][)C F1(dir)-2.5 E F0(])A .639(Adds a directory to the top of the d\
-irectory stack, or rotates the stack, making the ne)144 398.4 R 3.14(wt)
--.25 G .64(op of the)-3.14 F 1.316(stack the current w)144 410.4 R 1.316
+-.25 F(as appropriate, had been supplied.)144 463.2 Q(The return v)5 E
+(alue is zero on success, non-zero on f)-.25 E(ailure.)-.1 E F1(pushd)
+108 480 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6e>A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F2(n)A F0 2.5(][)C
+<ad>-2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A F1(pushd)108 492 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6e>A F0 2.5
+(][)C F2(dir)-2.5 E F0(])A .639(Adds a directory to the top of the dire\
+ctory stack, or rotates the stack, making the ne)144 504 R 3.14(wt)-.25
+G .64(op of the)-3.14 F 1.316(stack the current w)144 516 R 1.316
(orking directory)-.1 F 6.316(.W)-.65 G 1.315(ith no ar)-6.716 F 1.315
(guments, e)-.18 F 1.315(xchanges the top tw)-.15 F 3.815(od)-.1 G 1.315
(irectories and)-3.815 F .871
-(returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty)144 422.4 R 5.871(.A)
--.65 G -.18(rg)-5.871 G .872(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.172 -.15
-(ve t)-.2 H .872(he follo).15 F .872(wing mean-)-.25 F(ings:)144 434.4 Q
-F2<ad6e>144 446.4 Q F0 .902(Suppresses the normal change of directory w\
-hen adding directories to the stack, so that)24.74 F
-(only the stack is manipulated.)180 458.4 Q F2(+)144 470.4 Q F1(n)A F0
-1.267(Rotates the stack so that the)25.3 F F1(n)3.767 E F0 1.268
+(returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty)144 528 R 5.871(.A)-.65
+G -.18(rg)-5.871 G .872(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.172 -.15(ve t)
+-.2 H .872(he follo).15 F .872(wing mean-)-.25 F(ings:)144 540 Q F1
+<ad6e>144 552 Q F0 .902(Suppresses the normal change of directory when \
+adding directories to the stack, so that)24.74 F
+(only the stack is manipulated.)180 564 Q F1(+)144 576 Q F2(n)A F0 1.267
+(Rotates the stack so that the)25.3 F F2(n)3.767 E F0 1.268
(th directory \(counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.268(wn by)
--.25 F F2(dirs)180 482.4 Q F0 2.5(,s)C
-(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)-2.5 E F2<ad>144 494.4 Q F1(n)A F0
-.92(Rotates the stack so that the)25.3 F F1(n)3.42 E F0 .92
+-.25 F F1(dirs)180 588 Q F0 2.5(,s)C(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)
+-2.5 E F1<ad>144 600 Q F2(n)A F0 .92(Rotates the stack so that the)25.3
+F F2(n)3.42 E F0 .92
(th directory \(counting from the right of the list sho)B .92(wn by)-.25
-F F2(dirs)180 506.4 Q F0 2.5(,s)C(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)
--2.5 E F1(dir)144.35 518.4 Q F0(Adds)23.98 E F1(dir)2.85 E F0
+F F1(dirs)180 612 Q F0 2.5(,s)C(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)-2.5
+E F2(dir)144.35 624 Q F0(Adds)23.98 E F2(dir)2.85 E F0
(to the directory stack at the top, making it the ne)3.23 E 2.5(wc)-.25
-G(urrent w)-2.5 E(orking directory)-.1 E(.)-.65 E .488(If the)144 535.2
-R F2(pushd)2.988 E F0 .488(command is successful, a)2.988 F F2(dirs)
+G(urrent w)-2.5 E(orking directory)-.1 E(.)-.65 E .488(If the)144 640.8
+R F1(pushd)2.988 E F0 .488(command is successful, a)2.988 F F1(dirs)
2.988 E F0 .488(is performed as well.)2.988 F .489
-(If the \214rst form is used,)5.488 F F2(pushd)2.989 E F0 1.04
-(returns 0 unless the cd to)144 547.2 R F1(dir)3.89 E F0 -.1(fa)4.27 G
-3.539(ils. W).1 F 1.039(ith the second form,)-.4 F F2(pushd)3.539 E F0
+(If the \214rst form is used,)5.488 F F1(pushd)2.989 E F0 1.04
+(returns 0 unless the cd to)144 652.8 R F2(dir)3.89 E F0 -.1(fa)4.27 G
+3.539(ils. W).1 F 1.039(ith the second form,)-.4 F F1(pushd)3.539 E F0
1.039(returns 0 unless the directory)3.539 F .846(stack is empty)144
-559.2 R 3.346(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-3.346 E .847(xistent directory stack ele\
+664.8 R 3.346(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-3.346 E .847(xistent directory stack ele\
ment is speci\214ed, or the directory change to the)-.15 F
-(speci\214ed ne)144 571.2 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(urrent directory f)-2.5 E
-(ails.)-.1 E F2(pwd)108 588 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255LP)A F0(])A .845
-(Print the absolute pathname of the current w)144 600 R .845
+(speci\214ed ne)144 676.8 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(urrent directory f)-2.5 E
+(ails.)-.1 E F1(pwd)108 693.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255LP)A F0(])A .845
+(Print the absolute pathname of the current w)144 705.6 R .845
(orking directory)-.1 F 5.844(.T)-.65 G .844
(he pathname printed contains no)-5.844 F .181(symbolic links if the)144
-612 R F2<ad50>2.681 E F0 .181(option is supplied or the)2.681 F F2 .181
-(\255o ph)2.681 F(ysical)-.15 E F0 .181(option to the)2.681 F F2(set)
-2.681 E F0 -.2(bu)2.681 G .182(iltin command is).2 F 3.264(enabled. If)
-
144 624 R(the)3.264 E F2<ad4c>3.264 E F0 .763
+717.6 R F1<ad50>2.681 E F0 .181(option is supplied or the)2.681 F F1
+.181(\255o ph)2.681 F(ysical)-.15 E F0 .181(option to the)2.681 F F1
+(set)2.681 E F0 -.2(bu)2.681 G .182(iltin command is).2 F 3.264
+
(enabled. If)144 729.6 R(the)3.264 E F1<ad4c>3.264 E F0 .763
(option is used, the pathname printed may contain symbolic links.)3.264
-F .763(The return)5.763 F 1.36(status is 0 unless an error occurs while\
- reading the name of the current directory or an in)144 636 R -.25(va)
--.4 G(lid).25 E(option is supplied.)144 648 Q F2 -.18(re)108 664.8 S(ad)
-.18 E F0([)3.817 E F2(\255ers)A F0 3.817(][)C F2<ad61>-3.817 E F1(aname)
-3.817 E F0 3.817(][)C F2<ad64>-3.817 E F1(delim)3.817 E F0 3.817(][)C F2
-<ad69>-3.817 E F1(te)3.817 E(xt)-.2 E F0 3.817(][)C F2<ad6e>-3.817 E F1
-(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.816(][)C F2<ad4e>-3.816 E F1(nc)
-3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.816(][)C F2<ad70>-3.816 E F1(pr)3.816 E
-(ompt)-.45 E F0 3.816(][)C F2<ad74>-3.816 E F1(timeout)3.816 E F0 3.816
-(][)C F2<ad75>-3.816 E F1(fd)3.816 E F0(])A([)108 676.8 Q F1(name)A F0
-(...])2.5 E .516(One line is read from the standard input, or from the \
-\214le descriptor)144 688.8 R F1(fd)3.016 E F0 .516(supplied as an ar)
-3.016 F .516(gument to)-.18 F(the)144 700.8 Q F2<ad75>2.538 E F0 .038
-(option, and the \214rst w)2.538 F .038(ord is assigned to the \214rst)
--.1 F F1(name)2.539 E F0 2.539(,t).18 G .039(he second w)-2.539 F .039
-(ord to the second)-.1 F F1(name)2.539 E F0(,).18 E .42
-(and so on, with lefto)144 712.8 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.92(rw).15 G .42
-(ords and their interv)-3.02 F .42
-(ening separators assigned to the last)-.15 F F1(name)2.92 E F0 5.42(.I)
-.18 G 2.92(ft)-5.42 G(here)-2.92 E .54(are fe)144 724.8 R .54(wer w)-.25
-F .541(ords read from the input stream than names, the remaining names \
-are assigned empty)-.1 F(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2011 April 11)146.785 E
-(60)195.945 E 0 Cg EP
+F .763(The return)5.763 F(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2011 July 7)151.505 E
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E -.25(va)144 84 S 2.511(lues. The).25 F .011(characters in)2.511 F
-/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)2.511 E F0 .011
+-.35 E 1.36(status is 0 unless an error occurs while reading the name o\
+f the current directory or an in)144 84 R -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E
+(option is supplied.)144 96 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -.18(re)108 112.8 S
+(ad).18 E F0([)3.817 E F1(\255ers)A F0 3.817(][)C F1<ad61>-3.817 E/F2 10
+/Times-Italic@0 SF(aname)3.817 E F0 3.817(][)C F1<ad64>-3.817 E F2
+(delim)3.817 E F0 3.817(][)C F1<ad69>-3.817 E F2(te)3.817 E(xt)-.2 E F0
+3.817(][)C F1<ad6e>-3.817 E F2(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.816
+(][)C F1<ad4e>-3.816 E F2(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.816(][)C F1
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+F2(timeout)3.816 E F0 3.816(][)C F1<ad75>-3.816 E F2(fd)3.816 E F0(])A
+([)108 124.8 Q F2(name)A F0(...])2.5 E .516(One line is read from the s\
+tandard input, or from the \214le descriptor)144 136.8 R F2(fd)3.016 E
+F0 .516(supplied as an ar)3.016 F .516(gument to)-.18 F(the)144 148.8 Q
+F1<ad75>2.538 E F0 .038(option, and the \214rst w)2.538 F .038
+(ord is assigned to the \214rst)-.1 F F2(name)2.539 E F0 2.539(,t).18 G
+.039(he second w)-2.539 F .039(ord to the second)-.1 F F2(name)2.539 E
+F0(,).18 E .42(and so on, with lefto)144 160.8 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.92(rw)
+.15 G .42(ords and their interv)-3.02 F .42
+(ening separators assigned to the last)-.15 F F2(name)2.92 E F0 5.42(.I)
+.18 G 2.92(ft)-5.42 G(here)-2.92 E .54(are fe)144 172.8 R .54(wer w)-.25
+F .541(ords read from the input stream than names, the remaining names \
+are assigned empty)-.1 F -.25(va)144 184.8 S 2.511(lues. The).25 F .011
+(characters in)2.511 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)2.511 E F0 .011
(are used to split the line into w)2.261 F 2.511(ords. The)-.1 F .011
-(backslash character \()2.511 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(\\)A F0 2.51(\)m)C
-(ay)-2.51 E 1.89(be used to remo)144 96 R 2.19 -.15(ve a)-.15 H 2.19
--.15(ny s).15 H 1.891(pecial meaning for the ne).15 F 1.891
+(backslash character \()2.511 F F1(\\)A F0 2.51(\)m)C(ay)-2.51 E 1.89
+(be used to remo)144 196.8 R 2.19 -.15(ve a)-.15 H 2.19 -.15(ny s).15 H
+1.891(pecial meaning for the ne).15 F 1.891
(xt character read and for line continuation.)-.15 F
-(Options, if supplied, ha)144 108 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E
-(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2<ad61>144 120 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(aname)
-2.5 E F0 1.05(The w)180 132 R 1.049
+(Options, if supplied, ha)144 208.8 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E
+(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 220.8 Q F2(aname)2.5 E F0 1.05(The w)
+180 232.8 R 1.049
(ords are assigned to sequential indices of the array v)-.1 F(ariable)
--.25 E F3(aname)3.549 E F0 3.549(,s).18 G 1.049(tarting at 0.)-3.549 F
-F3(aname)180.33 144 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68 E 2.5(yn)-.15 G .5 -.25
-(ew va)-2.5 H(lues are assigned.).25 E(Other)5 E F3(name)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5
-E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F2<ad64>144 156 Q F3(delim)2.5 E F0
-(The \214rst character of)180 168 Q F3(delim)2.5 E F0
+-.25 E F2(aname)3.549 E F0 3.549(,s).18 G 1.049(tarting at 0.)-3.549 F
+F2(aname)180.33 244.8 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68 E 2.5(yn)-.15 G .5
+-.25(ew va)-2.5 H(lues are assigned.).25 E(Other)5 E F2(name)2.5 E F0
+(ar)2.5 E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F1<ad64>144 256.8 Q F2(delim)2.5 E
+F0(The \214rst character of)180 268.8 Q F2(delim)2.5 E F0
(is used to terminate the input line, rather than ne)2.5 E(wline.)-.25 E
-F2<ad65>144 180 Q F0 .372
-(If the standard input is coming from a terminal,)25.86 F F2 -.18(re)
-2.873 G(adline).18 E F0(\(see)2.873 E F1(READLINE)2.873 E F0(abo)2.623 E
+F1<ad65>144 280.8 Q F0 .372
+(If the standard input is coming from a terminal,)25.86 F F1 -.18(re)
+2.873 G(adline).18 E F0(\(see)2.873 E F3(READLINE)2.873 E F0(abo)2.623 E
-.15(ve)-.15 G 2.873(\)i).15 G 2.873(su)-2.873 G(sed)-2.873 E .218
-(to obtain the line.)180 192 R .218(Readline uses the current \(or def)
-5.218 F .218(ault, if line editing w)-.1 F .218(as not pre)-.1 F
-(viously)-.25 E(acti)180 204 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(\)e).15 G
-(diting settings.)-2.5 E F2<ad69>144 216 Q F3(te)2.5 E(xt)-.2 E F0(If)
-10.78 E F2 -.18(re)2.715 G(adline).18 E F0 .216
-(is being used to read the line,)2.715 F F3(te)2.716 E(xt)-.2 E F0 .216
-(is placed into the editing b)2.716 F(uf)-.2 E .216(fer before edit-)
--.25 F(ing be)180 228 Q(gins.)-.15 E F2<ad6e>144 240 Q F3(nc)2.5 E(har)
--.15 E(s)-.1 E F2 -.18(re)180 252 S(ad).18 E F0 1.395
-(returns after reading)3.895 F F3(nc)3.895 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.395
-(characters rather than w)3.895 F 1.394(aiting for a complete line of)
--.1 F(input, b)180 264 Q(ut honor a delimiter if fe)-.2 E(wer than)-.25
-E F3(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0
-(characters are read before the delimiter)2.5 E(.)-.55 E F2<ad4e>144 276
-Q F3(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F2 -.18(re)180 288 S(ad).18 E F0 1.269
-(returns after reading e)3.769 F(xactly)-.15 E F3(nc)3.769 E(har)-.15 E
-(s)-.1 E F0 1.269(characters rather than w)3.769 F 1.27
-(aiting for a complete)-.1 F .275
-(line of input, unless EOF is encountered or)180 300 R F2 -.18(re)2.775
-G(ad).18 E F0 .274(times out.)2.774 F .274(Delimiter characters encoun-)
-5.274 F 1.002
-(tered in the input are not treated specially and do not cause)180 312 R
-F2 -.18(re)3.503 G(ad).18 E F0 1.003(to return until)3.503 F F3(nc)3.503
-E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0(characters are read.)180 324 Q F2<ad70>144 336 Q
-F3(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 E F0(Display)180 348 Q F3(pr)3.661 E(ompt)-.45 E
-F0 1.161(on standard error)3.661 F 3.661(,w)-.4 G 1.161
+(to obtain the line.)180 292.8 R .218
+(Readline uses the current \(or def)5.218 F .218
+(ault, if line editing w)-.1 F .218(as not pre)-.1 F(viously)-.25 E
+(acti)180 304.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(\)e).15 G(diting settings.)-2.5 E
+F1<ad69>144 316.8 Q F2(te)2.5 E(xt)-.2 E F0(If)10.78 E F1 -.18(re)2.715
+G(adline).18 E F0 .216(is being used to read the line,)2.715 F F2(te)
+2.716 E(xt)-.2 E F0 .216(is placed into the editing b)2.716 F(uf)-.2 E
+.216(fer before edit-)-.25 F(ing be)180 328.8 Q(gins.)-.15 E F1<ad6e>144
+340.8 Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 352.8 S(ad).18 E
+F0 1.395(returns after reading)3.895 F F2(nc)3.895 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E
+F0 1.395(characters rather than w)3.895 F 1.394
+(aiting for a complete line of)-.1 F(input, b)180 364.8 Q
+(ut honor a delimiter if fe)-.2 E(wer than)-.25 E F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E
+(s)-.1 E F0(characters are read before the delimiter)2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1
+<ad4e>144 376.8 Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 388.8 S
+(ad).18 E F0 1.269(returns after reading e)3.769 F(xactly)-.15 E F2(nc)
+3.769 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.269(characters rather than w)3.769 F
+1.27(aiting for a complete)-.1 F .275
+(line of input, unless EOF is encountered or)180 400.8 R F1 -.18(re)
+2.775 G(ad).18 E F0 .274(times out.)2.774 F .274
+(Delimiter characters encoun-)5.274 F 1.002
+(tered in the input are not treated specially and do not cause)180 412.8
+R F1 -.18(re)3.503 G(ad).18 E F0 1.003(to return until)3.503 F F2(nc)
+3.503 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0(characters are read.)180 424.8 Q F1<ad70>
+144 436.8 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 E F0(Display)180 448.8 Q F2(pr)3.661 E
+(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161(on standard error)3.661 F 3.661(,w)-.4 G 1.161
(ithout a trailing ne)-3.661 F 1.161(wline, before attempting to read)
--.25 F(an)180 360 Q 2.5(yi)-.15 G 2.5(nput. The)-2.5 F
-(prompt is displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.)2.5 E F2
-<ad72>144 372 Q F0 .543(Backslash does not act as an escape character)
+-.25 F(an)180 460.8 Q 2.5(yi)-.15 G 2.5(nput. The)-2.5 F
+(prompt is displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.)2.5 E F1
+<ad72>144 472.8 Q F0 .543(Backslash does not act as an escape character)
25.86 F 5.543(.T)-.55 G .544(he backslash is considered to be part of)
--5.543 F(the line.)180 384 Q(In particular)5 E 2.5(,ab)-.4 G
+-5.543 F(the line.)180 484.8 Q(In particular)5 E 2.5(,ab)-.4 G
(ackslash-ne)-2.5 E(wline pair may not be used as a line continuation.)
--.25 E F2<ad73>144 396 Q F0(Silent mode.)26.41 E
-(If input is coming from a terminal, characters are not echoed.)5 E F2
-<ad74>144 408 Q F3(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 420 Q F2 -.18(re)3.549 G
-(ad).18 E F0 1.048(to time out and return f)3.549 F 1.048
-(ailure if a complete line of input is not read within)-.1 F F3(timeout)
-180 432 Q F0(seconds.)3.496 E F3(timeout)5.996 E F0 .997
+-.25 E F1<ad73>144 496.8 Q F0(Silent mode.)26.41 E
+(If input is coming from a terminal, characters are not echoed.)5 E F1
+<ad74>144 508.8 Q F2(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 520.8 Q F1 -.18(re)3.549
+G(ad).18 E F0 1.048(to time out and return f)3.549 F 1.048
+(ailure if a complete line of input is not read within)-.1 F F2(timeout)
+180 532.8 Q F0(seconds.)3.496 E F2(timeout)5.996 E F0 .997
(may be a decimal number with a fractional portion follo)3.496 F(wing)
--.25 E .576(the decimal point.)180 444 R .576(This option is only ef)
-5.576 F(fecti)-.25 E .876 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(f).15 E F2 -.18(re)3.076 G
+-.25 E .576(the decimal point.)180 544.8 R .576(This option is only ef)
+5.576 F(fecti)-.25 E .876 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(f).15 E F1 -.18(re)3.076 G
(ad).18 E F0 .576(is reading input from a terminal,)3.076 F .141
-(pipe, or other special \214le; it has no ef)180 456 R .142
+(pipe, or other special \214le; it has no ef)180 556.8 R .142
(fect when reading from re)-.25 F .142(gular \214les.)-.15 F(If)5.142 E
-F3(timeout)2.642 E F0 .142(is 0,)2.642 F F2 -.18(re)180 468 S(ad).18 E
+F2(timeout)2.642 E F0 .142(is 0,)2.642 F F1 -.18(re)180 568.8 S(ad).18 E
F0 .113(returns success if input is a)2.614 F -.25(va)-.2 G .113
(ilable on the speci\214ed \214le descriptor).25 F 2.613(,f)-.4 G .113
-(ailure otherwise.)-2.713 F(The e)180 480 Q
+(ailure otherwise.)-2.713 F(The e)180 580.8 Q
(xit status is greater than 128 if the timeout is e)-.15 E(xceeded.)-.15
-E F2<ad75>144 492 Q F3(fd)2.5 E F0(Read input from \214le descriptor)
-14.46 E F3(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .191(If no)144 508.8 R F3(names)3.051 E F0
+E F1<ad75>144 592.8 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(Read input from \214le descriptor)
+14.46 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .191(If no)144 609.6 R F2(names)3.051 E F0
.191(are supplied, the line read is assigned to the v)2.961 F(ariable)
--.25 E F1(REPL)2.692 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .192
+-.25 E F3(REPL)2.692 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .192
(The return code is zero,)4.692 F 1.344
-(unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)144 520.8 R F2 -.18(re)3.844 G(ad)
+(unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)144 621.6 R F1 -.18(re)3.844 G(ad)
.18 E F0 1.343
(times out \(in which case the return code is greater than)3.844 F
-(128\), or an in)144 532.8 Q -.25(va)-.4 G
-(lid \214le descriptor is supplied as the ar).25 E(gument to)-.18 E F2
-<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F2 -.18(re)108 549.6 S(adonly).18 E F0([)2.5 E F2
-(\255aAf)A F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad70>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F3(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A
-F3(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E .77(The gi)144 561.6 R -.15(ve)
--.25 G(n).15 E F3(names)3.27 E F0 .77(are mark)3.27 F .77
-(ed readonly; the v)-.1 F .77(alues of these)-.25 F F3(names)3.63 E F0
+(128\), or an in)144 633.6 Q -.25(va)-.4 G
+(lid \214le descriptor is supplied as the ar).25 E(gument to)-.18 E F1
+<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.18(re)108 650.4 S(adonly).18 E F0([)2.5 E F1
+(\255aAf)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A
+F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E .77(The gi)144 662.4 R -.15(ve)
+-.25 G(n).15 E F2(names)3.27 E F0 .77(are mark)3.27 F .77
+(ed readonly; the v)-.1 F .77(alues of these)-.25 F F2(names)3.63 E F0
.77(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.097(quent assignment.)144
-
573.6 R 1.097(If the)6.097 F F2<ad66>3.597 E F0 1.097
-(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.597 F F3
-(names)3.596 E F0 1.096(are so)3.596 F(mark)144 585.6 Q 3.334(ed. The)
--.1 F F
2<ad61>3.334 E F0 .834(option restricts the v)3.334 F .834
+
674.4 R 1.097(If the)6.097 F F1<ad66>3.597 E F0 1.097
+(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.597 F F2
+(names)3.596 E F0 1.096(are so)3.596 F(mark)144 686.4 Q 3.334(ed. The)
+-.1 F F
1<ad61>3.334 E F0 .834(option restricts the v)3.334 F .834
(ariables to inde)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.334(da).15 G .834(rrays; the)
--3.334 F F
2<ad41>3.334 E F0 .834(option restricts the v)3.334 F(ari-)
--.25 E .777(ables to associati)144 597.6 R 1.077 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 3.277
-(rrays. If).15 F .777(both options are supplied,)3.277 F F
2<ad41>3.277 E
-F0(tak)3.277 E .776(es precedence.)-.1 F .776(If no)5.776 F F3(name)
-3.636 E F0(ar)3.456 E(gu-)-.18 E .521(ments are gi)144 609.6 R -.15(ve)
--.25 G .521(n, or if the).15 F F
2<ad70>3.021 E F0 .521
+-3.334 F F
1<ad41>3.334 E F0 .834(option restricts the v)3.334 F(ari-)
+-.25 E .777(ables to associati)144 698.4 R 1.077 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 3.277
+(rrays. If).15 F .777(both options are supplied,)3.277 F F
1<ad41>3.277 E
+F0(tak)3.277 E .776(es precedence.)-.1 F .776(If no)5.776 F F2(name)
+3.636 E F0(ar)3.456 E(gu-)-.18 E .521(ments are gi)144 710.4 R -.15(ve)
+-.25 G .521(n, or if the).15 F F
1<ad70>3.021 E F0 .521
(option is supplied, a list of all readonly names is printed.)3.021 F
.522(The other)5.521 F .295(options may be used to restrict the output \
-to a subset of the set of readonly names.)144 621.6 R(The)5.295 E F2
-<ad70>2.795 E F0(option)2.795 E .786
-(causes output to be displayed in a format that may be reused as input.)
-144 633.6 R .786(If a v)5.786 F .786(ariable name is fol-)-.25 F(lo)144
-645.6 Q .718(wed by =)-.25 F F3(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 3.218(,t)C .718(he v)
--3.218 F .718(alue of the v)-.25 F .718(ariable is set to)-.25 F F3(wor)
-3.218 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.718(.T)C .718(he return status is 0 unless an in)
--5.718 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .26(option is encountered, one of the)
-144 657.6 R F3(names)3.12 E F0 .26(is not a v)3.03 F .26(alid shell v)
--.25 F .26(ariable name, or)-.25 F F2<ad66>2.76 E F0 .26
-(is supplied with a)2.76 F F3(name)144.36 669.6 Q F0
-(that is not a function.)2.68 E F2 -.18(re)108 686.4 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15
-E F0([)2.5 E F3(n)A F0(])A .587(Causes a function to e)144 698.4 R .587
-(xit with the return v)-.15 F .587(alue speci\214ed by)-.25 F F3(n)3.087
-E F0 5.587(.I).24 G(f)-5.587 E F3(n)3.447 E F0 .586
-(is omitted, the return status is)3.327 F 1.335
-(that of the last command e)144 710.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.335
-(cuted in the function body).15 F 6.335(.I)-.65 G 3.835(fu)-6.335 G
-1.335(sed outside a function, b)-3.835 F 1.335(ut during)-.2 F -.15(exe)
-144 722.4 S .794(cution of a script by the).15 F F2(.)3.294 E F0(\()
-5.794 E F2(sour)A(ce)-.18 E F0 3.294(\)c)C .794
-(ommand, it causes the shell to stop e)-3.294 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .794
-(cuting that script).15 F(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2011 April 11)146.785 E
-(61)195.945 E 0 Cg EP
+to a subset of the set of readonly names.)144 722.4 R(The)5.295 E F1
+<ad70>2.795 E F0(option)2.795 E(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2011 July 7)
+151.505 E(61)200.665 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 62 62
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BP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E .245(and return either)144 84 R/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)3.105 E
-F0 .246(or the e)2.985 F .246(xit status of the last command e)-.15 F
+-.35 E .786
+(causes output to be displayed in a format that may be reused as input.)
+144 84 R .786(If a v)5.786 F .786(ariable name is fol-)-.25 F(lo)144 96
+Q .718(wed by =)-.25 F/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 3.218
+(,t)C .718(he v)-3.218 F .718(alue of the v)-.25 F .718
+(ariable is set to)-.25 F F1(wor)3.218 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.718(.T)C .718
+(he return status is 0 unless an in)-5.718 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .26
+(option is encountered, one of the)144 108 R F1(names)3.12 E F0 .26
+(is not a v)3.03 F .26(alid shell v)-.25 F .26(ariable name, or)-.25 F
+/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad66>2.76 E F0 .26(is supplied with a)2.76 F F1
+(name)144.36 120 Q F0(that is not a function.)2.68 E F2 -.18(re)108
+136.8 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0([)2.5 E F1(n)A F0(])A .587
+(Causes a function to e)144 148.8 R .587(xit with the return v)-.15 F
+.587(alue speci\214ed by)-.25 F F1(n)3.087 E F0 5.587(.I).24 G(f)-5.587
+E F1(n)3.447 E F0 .586(is omitted, the return status is)3.327 F 1.335
+(that of the last command e)144 160.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.335
+(cuted in the function body).15 F 6.335(.I)-.65 G 3.835(fu)-6.335 G
+1.335(sed outside a function, b)-3.835 F 1.335(ut during)-.2 F -.15(exe)
+144 172.8 S .794(cution of a script by the).15 F F2(.)3.294 E F0(\()
+5.794 E F2(sour)A(ce)-.18 E F0 3.294(\)c)C .794
+(ommand, it causes the shell to stop e)-3.294 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .794
+(cuting that script).15 F .245(and return either)144 184.8 R F1(n)3.105
+E F0 .246(or the e)2.985 F .246(xit status of the last command e)-.15 F
-.15(xe)-.15 G .246(cuted within the script as the e).15 F .246
-(xit sta-)-.15 F .082(tus of the script.)144 96 R .082
+(xit sta-)-.15 F .082(tus of the script.)144 196.8 R .082
(If used outside a function and not during e)5.082 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .082
-(cution of a script by).15 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(.)2.582 E F0 2.581
-(,t).833 G .081(he return sta-)-2.581 F 2.305(tus is f)144 108 R 4.805
-(alse. An)-.1 F 4.805(yc)-.15 G 2.305(ommand associated with the)-4.805
-F F2(RETURN)4.805 E F0 2.306(trap is e)4.806 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.306
-(cuted before e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cution).15 E
-(resumes after the function or script.)144 120 Q F2(set)108 136.8 Q F0
-(
[)2.5 E F2(\255\255abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad6f>-2.5 E F1
+(cution of a script by).15 F F2(.)2.582 E F0 2.581(,t).833 G .081
+(he return sta-)-2.581 F 2.305(tus is f)144 208.8 R 4.805(alse. An)-.1 F
+4.805(yc)-.15 G 2.305(ommand associated with the)-4.805 F F2(RETURN)
+4.805 E F0 2.306(trap is e)4.806 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.306(cuted before e)
+.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cution).15 E(resumes after the function or script.)
+144 220.8 Q F2(set)108 237.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2
+(\255\255abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad6f>-2.5 E F1
(option\255name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E F2
-(set)108 148.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(+o)
+(set)108 249.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(+o)
-2.5 E F1(option\255name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0
-(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 160.8 S .836(thout options, the name and v).4 F
+(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 261.6 S .836(thout options, the name and v).4 F
.835(alue of each shell v)-.25 F .835
(ariable are displayed in a format that can be)-.25 F .784
-(reused as input for setting or resetting the currently-set v)144 172.8
+(reused as input for setting or resetting the currently-set v)144 273.6
R 3.284(ariables. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)3.284 G .784
-(riables cannot be).25 F 2.947(reset. In)144 184.8 R F1 .447(posix mode)
+(riables cannot be).25 F 2.947(reset. In)144 285.6 R F1 .447(posix mode)
2.947 F F0 2.947(,o)C .447(nly shell v)-2.947 F .447
(ariables are listed.)-.25 F .447
(The output is sorted according to the current)5.447 F 3.53
-(locale. When)144 196.8 R 1.031(options are speci\214ed, the)3.53 F
+(locale. When)144 297.6 R 1.031(options are speci\214ed, the)3.53 F
3.531(ys)-.15 G 1.031(et or unset shell attrib)-3.531 F 3.531(utes. An)
-.2 F 3.531(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-3.531 G 1.031(uments remaining).18 F
-1.624(after option processing are treated as v)144 208.8 R 1.623
+1.624(after option processing are treated as v)144 309.6 R 1.623
(alues for the positional parameters and are assigned, in)-.25 F(order)
-144 220.8 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G(o)-2.5 E F2($1)2.5 E F0(,)A F2($2)2.5 E F0(,)A
+144 321.6 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G(o)-2.5 E F2($1)2.5 E F0(,)A F2($2)2.5 E F0(,)A
F2 2.5(... $)2.5 F F1(n)A F0 5(.O)C(ptions, if speci\214ed, ha)-5 E .3
--.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2<ad61>144 232.8 Q
+-.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2<ad61>144 333.6 Q
F0 .539(Automatically mark v)29.3 F .539
(ariables and functions which are modi\214ed or created for e)-.25 F .54
-(xport to)-.15 F(the en)184 244.8 Q(vironment of subsequent commands.)
--.4 E F2<ad62>144 256.8 Q F0 .132
+(xport to)-.15 F(the en)184 345.6 Q(vironment of subsequent commands.)
+-.4 E F2<ad62>144 357.6 Q F0 .132
(Report the status of terminated background jobs immediately)28.74 F
2.632(,r)-.65 G .131(ather than before the ne)-2.632 F(xt)-.15 E
-(primary prompt.)184 268.8 Q(This is ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve o)
--.25 H(nly when job control is enabled.).15 E F2<ad65>144 280.8 Q F0 .51
+(primary prompt.)184 369.6 Q(This is ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve o)
+-.25 H(nly when job control is enabled.).15 E F2<ad65>144 381.6 Q F0 .51
(Exit immediately if a)29.86 F F1(pipeline)3.01 E F0 .511
(\(which may consist of a single)3.011 F F1 .511(simple command)3.011 F
-F0 3.011(\), a)B F1(sub-)3.011 E(shell)184 292.8 Q F0 .872
+F0 3.011(\), a)B F1(sub-)3.011 E(shell)184 393.6 Q F0 .872
(command enclosed in parentheses, or one of the commands e)3.373 F -.15
(xe)-.15 G .872(cuted as part of a).15 F .399
-(command list enclosed by braces \(see)184 304.8 R/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF
+(command list enclosed by braces \(see)184 405.6 R/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF
.399(SHELL GRAMMAR)2.899 F F0(abo)2.649 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.899(\)e).15 G
-.399(xits with a non-zero)-3.049 F 3.969(status. The)184 316.8 R 1.468
+.399(xits with a non-zero)-3.049 F 3.969(status. The)184 417.6 R 1.468
(shell does not e)3.969 F 1.468(xit if the command that f)-.15 F 1.468
-(ails is part of the command list)-.1 F .569(immediately follo)184 328.8
+(ails is part of the command list)-.1 F .569(immediately follo)184 429.6
R .569(wing a)-.25 F F2(while)3.069 E F0(or)3.069 E F2(until)3.069 E F0
-.1(ke)3.069 G(yw)-.05 E .569(ord, part of the test follo)-.1 F .57
(wing the)-.25 F F2(if)3.07 E F0(or)3.07 E F2(elif)3.07 E F0(reserv)184
-340.8 Q .91(ed w)-.15 F .91(ords, part of an)-.1 F 3.41(yc)-.15 G .909
+441.6 Q .91(ed w)-.15 F .91(ords, part of an)-.1 F 3.41(yc)-.15 G .909
(ommand e)-3.41 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .909(cuted in a).15 F F2(&&)3.409 E F0
(or)3.409 E F2(||)3.409 E F0 .909(list e)3.409 F .909(xcept the command)
--.15 F(follo)184 352.8 Q .049(wing the \214nal)-.25 F F2(&&)2.549 E F0
+-.15 F(follo)184 453.6 Q .049(wing the \214nal)-.25 F F2(&&)2.549 E F0
(or)2.549 E F2(||)2.549 E F0 2.549(,a)C .349 -.15(ny c)-2.549 H .049
(ommand in a pipeline b).15 F .05(ut the last, or if the command')-.2 F
-(s)-.55 E .373(return v)184 364.8 R .373(alue is being in)-.25 F -.15
+(s)-.55 E .373(return v)184 465.6 R .373(alue is being in)-.25 F -.15
(ve)-.4 G .373(rted with).15 F F2(!)2.873 E F0 5.372(.A)C .372(trap on)
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-144
412.8 Q F0(Disable pathname e)30.97 E(xpansion.)-.15 E F2<ad68>144
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513.6 Q F0(Disable pathname e)30.97 E(xpansion.)-.15 E F2<ad68>144
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(ya)-.15 G 2.239(re look)-4.738 F 2.239(ed up for e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
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-E F2<ad6b>144 448.8 Q F0 .514(All ar)28.74 F .514
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+E F2<ad6b>144 549.6 Q F0 .514(All ar)28.74 F .514
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-(command, not just those that precede the command name.)184 460.8 Q F2
-<ad6d>144 472.8 Q F0 .148(Monitor mode.)25.97 F .148
+(command, not just those that precede the command name.)184 561.6 Q F2
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--.15(xe)-.15 G .653(cute them.).15 F .652
-(This may be used to check a shell script for)5.653 F(syntax errors.)184
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-(braceexpand)184 592.8 Q F0(Same as)224 604.8 Q F2<ad42>2.5 E F0(.)A F2
-(emacs)184 616.8 Q F0 .089
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-(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2011 April 11)146.785 E(62)195.945 E 0 Cg EP
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192 Q F0(Same as)5.56 E F1<ad6d>2.5 E
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04 Q(ber)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 216 Q F1<ad43>2.5 E
-F0(.)A F1(noexec)184
228 Q F0(Same as)11.12 E F1<ad6e>2.5 E F0(.)A F1
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240 Q F0(Same as)11.1 E F1<ad66>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(nolog)184
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276 Q F0(Same as)6.66 E F1<ad75>2.5
-E F0(.)A F1(onecmd)184
288 Q F0(Same as)6.67 E F1<ad74>2.5 E F0(.)A F1
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00 Q(ysical)-.15 E F0(Same as)5.14 E F1<ad50>2.5 E F0(.)A F1
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264 Q F0(Same as)5.56 E F1<ad6d>2.5 E
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76 Q(ber)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 288 Q F1<ad43>2.5 E
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300 Q F0(Same as)11.12 E F1<ad6e>2.5 E F0(.)A F1
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312 Q F0(Same as)11.1 E F1<ad66>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(nolog)184
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348 Q F0(Same as)6.66 E F1<ad75>2.5
+E F0(.)A F1(onecmd)184
360 Q F0(Same as)6.67 E F1<ad74>2.5 E F0(.)A F1
+(ph)184 3
72 Q(ysical)-.15 E F0(Same as)5.14 E F1<ad50>2.5 E F0(.)A F1
+(pipefail)184 384 Q F0 1.029(If set, the return v)7.77 F 1.029
(alue of a pipeline is the v)-.25 F 1.03
-(alue of the last \(rightmost\) com-)-.25 F 1.137(mand to e)224 324 R
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1.136
(xit with a non-zero status, or zero if all commands in the pipeline)
--.15 F -.15(ex)224 336 S(it successfully).15 E 5(.T)-.65 G
-(his option is disabled by def)-5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(posix)184 348 Q F0
+-.15 F -.15(ex)224 408 S(it successfully).15 E 5(.T)-.65 G
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2.091(where the def)4.591 F 2.091(ault operation dif)-.1 F 2.091
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--.1 E F0(Same as)224 384 Q F1<ad70>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(ve)184 396 S
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-(interf)224 420 Q(ace used for)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad \255e).18 E F0
-(.)A F1(xtrace)184
432 Q F0(Same as)13.35 E F1<ad78>2.5 E F0(.)A(If)184
-
450 Q F1<ad6f>3.052 E F0 .552(is supplied with no)3.052 F F5
+(interf)224 492 Q(ace used for)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad \255e).18 E F0
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504 Q F0(Same as)13.35 E F1<ad78>2.5 E F0(.)A(If)184
+
522 Q F1<ad6f>3.052 E F0 .552(is supplied with no)3.052 F F5
(option\255name)3.053 E F0 3.053(,t)C .553(he v)-3.053 F .553
(alues of the current options are printed.)-.25 F(If)5.553 E F1(+o)184
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3.572(,a)C 1.071(series of)-.001 F F1(set)3.571 E F0 1.071
(commands to recreate the current)3.571 F
-(option settings is displayed on the standard output.)184
474 Q F1<ad70>
-144 486 Q F0 -.45(Tu)28.74 G 1.071(rn on).45 F F5(privile)4.821 E -.1
+(option settings is displayed on the standard output.)184
546 Q F1<ad70>
+144 558 Q F0 -.45(Tu)28.74 G 1.071(rn on).45 F F5(privile)4.821 E -.1
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(riables, if the).25 F 3.025(ya)-.15 G .525(ppear in the en)-3.025 F
-(vironment,)-.4 E .38(are ignored.)184 522 R .38
+(vironment,)-.4 E .38(are ignored.)184 594 R .38
(If the shell is started with the ef)5.38 F(fecti)-.25 E .679 -.15(ve u)
-.25 H .379(ser \(group\) id not equal to the real).15 F .461
-(user \(group\) id, and the)184
534 R F1<ad70>2.961 E F0 .461
+(user \(group\) id, and the)184
606 R F1<ad70>2.961 E F0 .461
(option is not supplied, these actions are tak)2.961 F .462
-(en and the ef)-.1 F(fec-)-.25 E(ti)184 546 Q .695 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .395
+(en and the ef)-.1 F(fec-)-.25 E(ti)184 618 Q .695 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .395
(ser id is set to the real user id.).15 F .395(If the)5.395 F F1<ad70>
2.895 E F0 .394(option is supplied at startup, the ef)2.895 F(fecti)-.25
-E -.15(ve)-.25 G .386(user id is not reset.)184 558 R -.45(Tu)5.386 G
+E -.15(ve)-.25 G .386(user id is not reset.)184 630 R -.45(Tu)5.386 G
.386(rning this option of).45 F 2.886(fc)-.25 G .387(auses the ef)-2.886
F(fecti)-.25 E .687 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .387(ser and group ids to be).15 F
-(set to the real user and group ids.)184 570 Q F1<ad74>144 582 Q F0
+(set to the real user and group ids.)184 642 Q F1<ad74>144 654 Q F0
(Exit after reading and e)30.97 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting one command.).15
-E F1<ad75>144 594 Q F0 -.35(Tr)28.74 G .044(eat unset v).35 F .044(aria\
+E F1<ad75>144 666 Q F0 -.35(Tr)28.74 G .044(eat unset v).35 F .044(aria\
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(xpansion. If)-.15 F -.15(ex)2.682 G .183
(pansion is attempted on an unset v).15 F(ari-)-.25 E .746
-(able or parameter)184 618 R 3.246(,t)-.4 G .746
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(he shell prints an error message, and, if not interacti)-3.246 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G 3.246(,e).15 G .746(xits with a)-3.396 F(non-zero status.)184
-630 Q F1<ad76>144 642 Q F0(Print shell input lines as the)29.3 E 2.5(ya)
--.15 G(re read.)-2.5 E F1<ad78>144 654 Q F0 .315(After e)29.3 F .315
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F 3.338(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(ERR)3.338 E F0 .839
-(trap is normally not inherited in)3.339 F(such cases.)184 120 Q F1
-<ad48>144 132 Q F0(Enable)26.52 E F1(!)3.032 E F0 .532
+(trap is normally not inherited in)3.339 F(such cases.)184 204 Q F1
+<ad48>144 216 Q F0(Enable)26.52 E F1(!)3.032 E F0 .532
(style history substitution.)5.532 F .531(This option is on by def)5.532
-F .531(ault when the shell is inter)-.1 F(-)-.2 E(acti)184 144 Q -.15
-(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1<ad50>144 156 Q F0 1.164
+F .531(ault when the shell is inter)-.1 F(-)-.2 E(acti)184 228 Q -.15
+(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1<ad50>144 240 Q F0 1.164
(If set, the shell does not follo)28.19 F 3.664(ws)-.25 G 1.164
(ymbolic links when e)-3.664 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.165
(cuting commands such as).15 F F1(cd)3.665 E F0 2.822
-(that change the current w)184 168 R 2.822(orking directory)-.1 F 7.822
+(that change the current w)184 252 R 2.822(orking directory)-.1 F 7.822
(.I)-.65 G 5.322(tu)-7.822 G 2.822(ses the ph)-5.322 F 2.821
-(ysical directory structure)-.05 F 2.685(instead. By)184 180 R(def)2.685
+(ysical directory structure)-.05 F 2.685(instead. By)184 264 R(def)2.685
E(ault,)-.1 E F1(bash)2.686 E F0(follo)2.686 E .186
(ws the logical chain of directories when performing com-)-.25 F
-(mands which change the current directory)184
192 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad54>144
-204 Q F0 .89(If set, an)27.63 F 3.39(yt)-.15 G .89(raps on)-3.39 F F1
+(mands which change the current directory)184
276 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad54>144
+288 Q F0 .89(If set, an)27.63 F 3.39(yt)-.15 G .89(raps on)-3.39 F F1
(DEB)3.39 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)3.39 E F1(RETURN)3.39 E F0 .89
(are inherited by shell functions, command)3.39 F 1.932
-(substitutions, and commands e)184 216 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.932
+(substitutions, and commands e)184 300 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.932
(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 4.432(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(DEB)4.432 E
-(UG)-.1 E F0(and)4.432 E F1(RETURN)184 228 Q F0
-(traps are normally not inherited in such cases.)2.5 E F1<adad>144 240 Q
+(UG)-.1 E F0(and)4.432 E F1(RETURN)184 312 Q F0
+(traps are normally not inherited in such cases.)2.5 E F1<adad>144 324 Q
F0 .401(If no ar)28.6 F .401(guments follo)-.18 F 2.901(wt)-.25 G .401
(his option, then the positional parameters are unset.)-2.901 F
-(Otherwise,)5.4 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 252 Q/F2
-10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(s, e)A -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni)
-.15 G 2.5(fs)-2.5 G(ome of them be)-2.5 E(gin with a)-.15 E F1<ad>2.5 E
-F0(.)A F1<ad>144 264 Q F0 1.944
-(Signal the end of options, cause all remaining)34.3 F F2(ar)4.444 E(g)
--.37 E F0 4.444(st)C 4.444(ob)-4.444 G 4.445(ea)-4.444 G 1.945
-(ssigned to the positional)-4.445 F 3.446(parameters. The)184 276 R F1
-<ad78>3.446 E F0(and)3.446 E F1<ad76>3.446 E F0 .945
+(Otherwise,)5.4 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 336 Q F2
+(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(s, e)A -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fs)-2.5 G
+(ome of them be)-2.5 E(gin with a)-.15 E F1<ad>2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad>144
+348 Q F0 1.944(Signal the end of options, cause all remaining)34.3 F F2
+(ar)4.444 E(g)-.37 E F0 4.444(st)C 4.444(ob)-4.444 G 4.445(ea)-4.444 G
+1.945(ssigned to the positional)-4.445 F 3.446(parameters. The)184 360 R
+F1<ad78>3.446 E F0(and)3.446 E F1<ad76>3.446 E F0 .945
(options are turned of)3.446 F 3.445(f. If)-.25 F .945(there are no)
3.445 F F2(ar)3.445 E(g)-.37 E F0 .945(s, the positional)B
-(parameters remain unchanged.)184 288 Q .425(The options are of)144
-304.8 R 2.925(fb)-.25 G 2.925(yd)-2.925 G(ef)-2.925 E .425
+(parameters remain unchanged.)184 372 Q .425(The options are of)144
+388.8 R 2.925(fb)-.25 G 2.925(yd)-2.925 G(ef)-2.925 E .425
(ault unless otherwise noted.)-.1 F .425
(Using + rather than \255 causes these options)5.425 F .178
-(to be turned of)144 316.8 R 2.678(f. The)-.25 F .178
+(to be turned of)144 400.8 R 2.678(f. The)-.25 F .178
(options can also be speci\214ed as ar)2.678 F .178(guments to an in)
-.18 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .177(cation of the shell.).2 F(The)5.177 E .066
-(current set of options may be found in)144 328.8 R F1<24ad>2.566 E F0
+(current set of options may be found in)144 412.8 R F1<24ad>2.566 E F0
5.066(.T)C .066(he return status is al)-5.066 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .066
(ys true unless an in).1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .067(lid option).25 F
-(is encountered.)144 340.8 Q F1(shift)108 357.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0
-(])A .429(The positional parameters from)144 369.6 R F2(n)2.929 E F0
+(is encountered.)144 424.8 Q F1(shift)108 441.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0
+(])A .429(The positional parameters from)144 453.6 R F2(n)2.929 E F0
.429(+1 ... are renamed to)B F1 .429($1 ....)2.929 F F0 -.15(Pa)5.428 G
-.428(rameters represented by the num-).15 F(bers)144 381.6 Q F1($#)2.582
+.428(rameters represented by the num-).15 F(bers)144 465.6 Q F1($#)2.582
E F0(do)2.582 E .082(wn to)-.25 F F1($#)2.582 E F0<ad>A F2(n)A F0 .082
(+1 are unset.)B F2(n)5.442 E F0 .082(must be a non-ne)2.822 F -.05(ga)
-.15 G(ti).05 E .383 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .083(umber less than or equal to)
.15 F F1($#)2.583 E F0 5.083(.I)C(f)-5.083 E F2(n)2.943 E F0 .06
-(is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 393.6 R(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0
+(is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 477.6 R(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0
.06(is not gi)2.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .06(n, it is assumed to be 1.).15 F
(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06(is greater than)2.8 F F1($#)2.56 E F0 2.56
-(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .143(positional parameters are not changed.)144 405.6 R
+(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .143(positional parameters are not changed.)144 489.6 R
.144(The return status is greater than zero if)5.143 F F2(n)3.004 E F0
.144(is greater than)2.884 F F1($#)2.644 E F0
-(or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 417.6 Q F1(shopt)108 434.4 Q F0([)
+(or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 501.6 Q F1(shopt)108 518.4 Q F0([)
2.5 E F1(\255pqsu)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6f>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(optname)
--2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 446.4 S .222(ggle the v).8 F .222
+-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 530.4 S .222(ggle the v).8 F .222
(alues of v)-.25 F .222(ariables controlling optional shell beha)-.25 F
(vior)-.2 E 5.222(.W)-.55 G .222(ith no options, or with the)-5.622 F F1
<ad70>2.722 E F0 .721(option, a list of all settable options is display\
-ed, with an indication of whether or not each is set.)144 458.4 R(The)
-144
470.4 Q F1<ad70>2.828 E F0 .327(option causes output to be displaye\
+ed, with an indication of whether or not each is set.)144 542.4 R(The)
+144
554.4 Q F1<ad70>2.828 E F0 .327(option causes output to be displaye\
d in a form that may be reused as input.)2.828 F .327(Other options)
-5.327 F(ha)144 482.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)
--.25 E F1<ad73>144 494.4 Q F0(Enable \(set\) each)26.41 E F2(optname)2.5
-E F0(.)A F1<ad75>144 506.4 Q F0(Disable \(unset\) each)24.74 E F2
-(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad71>144 518.4 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal out\
+5.327 F(ha)144 566.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)
+-.25 E F1<ad73>144 578.4 Q F0(Enable \(set\) each)26.41 E F2(optname)2.5
+E F0(.)A F1<ad75>144 590.4 Q F0(Disable \(unset\) each)24.74 E F2
+(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad71>144 602.4 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal out\
put \(quiet mode\); the return status indicates whether the)24.74 F F2
-(optname)2.504 E F0(is)2.504 E .256(set or unset.)180 530.4 R .256
+(optname)2.504 E F0(is)2.504 E .256(set or unset.)180 614.4 R .256
(If multiple)5.256 F F2(optname)2.756 E F0(ar)2.756 E .256
(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.756(nw).15 G(ith)-2.756 E F1
<ad71>2.756 E F0 2.755(,t)C .255(he return status is zero if)-2.755 F
-(all)180 542.4 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E F0(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.)
-2.5 E F1<ad6f>144 554.4 Q F0(Restricts the v)25.3 E(alues of)-.25 E F2
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(optname)2.5 E F0(to be those de\214ned for the)2.5 E F1<ad6f>2.5 E F0
(option to the)2.5 E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .127
-(If either)144
571.2 R F1<ad73>2.627 E F0(or)2.627 E F1<ad75>2.627 E F0
+(If either)144
655.2 R F1<ad73>2.627 E F0(or)2.627 E F1<ad75>2.627 E F0
.127(is used with no)2.627 F F2(optname)2.627 E F0(ar)2.627 E .127
(guments, the display is limited to those options which)-.18 F 1.024
-(are set or unset, respecti)144 583.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 6.024
+(are set or unset, respecti)144 667.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 6.024
(.U)-.65 G 1.024(nless otherwise noted, the)-6.024 F F1(shopt)3.523 E F0
-1.023(options are disabled \(unset\) by)3.523 F(def)144 595.2 Q(ault.)
+1.023(options are disabled \(unset\) by)3.523 F(def)144 679.2 Q(ault.)
-.1 E 1.544(The return status when listing options is zero if all)144
-612 R F2(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.545(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.)
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4.045 F .696
(When setting or unsetting options, the return status is zero unless an)
-144 624 R F2(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .695(alid shell)
--.25 F(option.)144 636 Q(The list of)144 652.8 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0
-(options is:)2.5 E F1(autocd)144 670.8 Q F0 .199
-(If set, a command name that is the name of a directory is e)11.11 F
--.15(xe)-.15 G .2(cuted as if it were the ar).15 F(gu-)-.18 E
-(ment to the)184 682.8 Q F1(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F
-(option is only used by interacti)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E
-F1(cdable_v)144 694.8 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .156(If set, an ar)184 706.8 R .156
-(gument to the)-.18 F F1(cd)2.656 E F0 -.2(bu)2.656 G .155
-(iltin command that is not a directory is assumed to be the).2 F
-(name of a v)184 718.8 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E
-(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q
-(2011 April 11)146.785 E(64)195.945 E 0 Cg EP
+144 708 R F2(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .695(alid shell)
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--.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(cdspell)144 84 Q F0 1.055
+-.35 E(The list of)144 84 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(shopt)2.5 E F0
+(options is:)2.5 E F1(autocd)144 102 Q F0 .199
+(If set, a command name that is the name of a directory is e)11.11 F
+-.15(xe)-.15 G .2(cuted as if it were the ar).15 F(gu-)-.18 E
+(ment to the)184 114 Q F1(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F
+(option is only used by interacti)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E
+F1(cdable_v)144 126 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .156(If set, an ar)184 138 R .156
+(gument to the)-.18 F F1(cd)2.656 E F0 -.2(bu)2.656 G .155
+(iltin command that is not a directory is assumed to be the).2 F
+(name of a v)184 150 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E
+(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E F1(cdspell)144 162 Q F0
+1.055
(If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory component in a)
10.55 F F1(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.988
-(corrected. The)184 96 R 1.488(errors check)3.988 F 1.487
+(corrected. The)184 174 R 1.488(errors check)3.988 F 1.487
(ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.987(,a)
--.4 G(nd)-3.987 E .552(one character too man)184 108 R 4.352 -.65(y. I)
+-.4 G(nd)-3.987 E .552(one character too man)184 186 R 4.352 -.65(y. I)
-.15 H 3.052(fac).65 G .552
(orrection is found, the corrected \214le name is printed, and)-3.052 F
-(the command proceeds.)184 120 Q(This option is only used by interacti)5
-E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1(checkhash)144 132 Q F0 2.08
-(If set,)184 144 R F1(bash)4.58 E F0 2.079
+(the command proceeds.)184 198 Q(This option is only used by interacti)5
+E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1(checkhash)144 210 Q F0 2.08
+(If set,)184 222 R F1(bash)4.58 E F0 2.079
(checks that a command found in the hash table e)4.58 F 2.079
-(xists before trying to)-.15 F -.15(exe)184 156 S(cute it.).15 E
+(xists before trying to)-.15 F -.15(exe)184 234 S(cute it.).15 E
(If a hashed command no longer e)5 E
-(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F1(checkjobs)144 168 Q
-F0 .448(If set,)184 180 R F1(bash)2.948 E F0 .448
+(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F1(checkjobs)144 246 Q
+F0 .448(If set,)184 258 R F1(bash)2.948 E F0 .448
(lists the status of an)2.948 F 2.949(ys)-.15 G .449
(topped and running jobs before e)-2.949 F .449(xiting an interacti)-.15
-F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.439(shell. If)184 192 R(an)3.439 E 3.439(yj)-.15 G
+F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.439(shell. If)184 270 R(an)3.439 E 3.439(yj)-.15 G
.938(obs are running, this causes the e)-3.439 F .938
(xit to be deferred until a second e)-.15 F .938(xit is)-.15 F 2.203
-(attempted without an interv)184 204 R 2.203(ening command \(see)-.15 F
+(attempted without an interv)184 282 R 2.203(ening command \(see)-.15 F
/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 2.203(JOB CONTR)4.703 F(OL)-.27 E F0(abo)4.453 E
--.15(ve)-.15 G 4.703(\). The).15 F(shell)4.704 E(al)184 216 Q -.1(wa)-.1
+-.15(ve)-.15 G 4.703(\). The).15 F(shell)4.704 E(al)184 294 Q -.1(wa)-.1
G(ys postpones e).1 E(xiting if an)-.15 E 2.5(yj)-.15 G
-(obs are stopped.)-2.5 E F1(checkwinsize)144 228 Q F0 .797(If set,)184
-240 R F1(bash)3.297 E F0 .797(checks the windo)3.297 F 3.297(ws)-.25 G
+(obs are stopped.)-2.5 E F1(checkwinsize)144 306 Q F0 .797(If set,)184
+318 R F1(bash)3.297 E F0 .797(checks the windo)3.297 F 3.297(ws)-.25 G
.796(ize after each command and, if necessary)-3.297 F 3.296(,u)-.65 G
-.796(pdates the)-3.296 F -.25(va)184 252 S(lues of).25 E F2(LINES)2.5 E
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F0(and)2.25 E F2(COLUMNS)2.5 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F1(cmdhist)144
-264 Q F0 1.202(If set,)6.11 F F1(bash)3.702 E F0 1.202(attempts to sa)
+342 Q F0 1.202(If set,)6.11 F F1(bash)3.702 E F0 1.202(attempts to sa)
3.702 F 1.502 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 1.202
(ll lines of a multiple-line command in the same history).15 F(entry)184
-276 Q 5(.T)-.65 G(his allo)-5 E
-(ws easy re-editing of multi-line commands.)-.25 E F1(compat31)144 288 Q
-F0 .42(If set,)184 300 R F1(bash)2.92 E F0 .42(changes its beha)2.92 F
+354 Q 5(.T)-.65 G(his allo)-5 E
+(ws easy re-editing of multi-line commands.)-.25 E F1(compat31)144 366 Q
+F0 .42(If set,)184 378 R F1(bash)2.92 E F0 .42(changes its beha)2.92 F
.419(vior to that of v)-.2 F .419(ersion 3.1 with respect to quoted ar)
--.15 F(guments)-.18 E(to the)184 312 Q F1([[)2.5 E F0
+-.15 F(guments)-.18 E(to the)184 390 Q F1([[)2.5 E F0
(conditional command')2.5 E(s)-.55 E F1(=~)2.5 E F0(operator)2.5 E(.)
--.55 E F1(compat32)144 324 Q F0 1.409(If set,)184 336 R F1(bash)3.909 E
+-.55 E F1(compat32)144 402 Q F0 1.409(If set,)184 414 R F1(bash)3.909 E
F0 1.409(changes its beha)3.909 F 1.409(vior to that of v)-.2 F 1.41
(ersion 3.2 with respect to locale-speci\214c)-.15 F 1.266
-(string comparison when using the)184 348 R F1([[)3.766 E F0 1.266
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(conditional command')3.766 F(s)-.55 E F1(<)3.766 E F0(and)3.766 E F1(>)
-3.766 E F0 3.765(operators. Bash)3.765 F -.15(ve)184 360 S .512
+3.766 E F0 3.765(operators. Bash)3.765 F -.15(ve)184 438 S .512
(rsions prior to bash-4.1 use ASCII collation and).15 F/F4 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(str)3.012 E(cmp)-.37 E F0 .513
-(\(3\); bash-4.1 and later use the).19 F(current locale')184 372 Q 2.5
+(\(3\); bash-4.1 and later use the).19 F(current locale')184 450 Q 2.5
(sc)-.55 G(ollation sequence and)-2.5 E F4(str)2.5 E(coll)-.37 E F0
-(\(3\).).51 E F1(compat40)144 384 Q F0 1.41(If set,)184 396 R F1(bash)
+(\(3\).).51 E F1(compat40)144 462 Q F0 1.41(If set,)184 474 R F1(bash)
3.91 E F0 1.41(changes its beha)3.91 F 1.409(vior to that of v)-.2 F
1.409(ersion 4.0 with respect to locale-speci\214c)-.15 F .422
-(string comparison when using the)184 408 R F1([[)2.922 E F0 .422
+(string comparison when using the)184 486 R F1([[)2.922 E F0 .422
(conditional command')2.922 F(s)-.55 E F1(<)2.922 E F0(and)2.922 E F1(>)
2.923 E F0 .423(operators \(see pre-)2.923 F(vious item\) and the ef)184
-420 Q(fect of interrupting a command list.)-.25 E F1(compat41)144 432 Q
-F0 1.444(If set,)184 444 R F1(bash)3.944 E F0 3.944(,w)C 1.443
+498 Q(fect of interrupting a command list.)-.25 E F1(compat41)144 510 Q
+F0 1.444(If set,)184 522 R F1(bash)3.944 E F0 3.944(,w)C 1.443
(hen in posix mode, treats a single quote in a double-quoted parameter)
--3.944 F -.15(ex)184 456 S .958(pansion as a special character).15 F
+-3.944 F -.15(ex)184 534 S .958(pansion as a special character).15 F
5.958(.T)-.55 G .959(he single quotes must match \(an e)-5.958 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G 3.459(nn).15 G .959(umber\) and)-3.459 F .59
-(the characters between the single quotes are considered quoted.)184 468
+(the characters between the single quotes are considered quoted.)184 546
R .59(This is the beha)5.59 F .59(vior of)-.2 F .589
-(posix mode through v)184 480 R .589(ersion 4.1.)-.15 F .589(The def)
+(posix mode through v)184 558 R .589(ersion 4.1.)-.15 F .589(The def)
5.589 F .589(ault bash beha)-.1 F .589(vior remains as in pre)-.2 F .59
-(vious v)-.25 F(er)-.15 E(-)-.2 E(sions.)184 492 Q F1(dirspell)144 504 Q
-F0 .859(If set,)7.77 F F1(bash)3.359 E F0 .858
+(vious v)-.25 F(er)-.15 E(-)-.2 E(sions.)184 570 Q F1(dir)144 582 Q
+(expand)-.18 E F0 .487(If set,)184 594 R F1(bash)2.987 E F0 .486
+(replaces directory names with the results of w)2.986 F .486(ord e)-.1 F
+.486(xpansion when perform-)-.15 F .179(ing \214lename completion.)184
+606 R .179(This changes the contents of the readline editing b)5.179 F
+(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 5.18(.I)-.55 G 2.68(fn)-5.18 G(ot)-2.68 E(set,)184
+618 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(attempts to preserv)2.5 E 2.5(ew)-.15 G
+(hat the user typed.)-2.5 E F1(dirspell)144 630 Q F0 .859(If set,)7.77 F
+F1(bash)3.359 E F0 .858
(attempts spelling correction on directory names during w)3.359 F .858
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(ilable to the shell and to processes started by it, on systems).25 F
-.944(that allo)144 268.8 R 3.444(ws)-.25 G .944(uch control.)-3.444 F
-(The)5.944 E F1<ad48>3.444 E F0(and)3.444 E F1<ad53>3.444 E F0 .943
+.943(that allo)144 429.6 R 3.443(ws)-.25 G .943(uch control.)-3.443 F
+(The)5.943 E F2<ad48>3.443 E F0(and)3.443 E F2<ad53>3.444 E F0 .944
(options specify that the hard or soft limit is set for the)3.444 F(gi)
-144 280.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.708(nr).15 G 2.708(esource. A)-2.708 F .208
+144 441.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.709(nr).15 G 2.709(esource. A)-2.709 F .208
(hard limit cannot be increased by a non-root user once it is set; a so\
-ft limit may)2.708 F .426(be increased up to the v)144 292.8 R .426
-(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .425(If neither)5.426 F F1<ad48>2.925 E
-F0(nor)2.925 E F1<ad53>2.925 E F0 .425
-(is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.925 F .139(hard limits are set.)144
-304.8 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F2(limit)2.729 E F0 .139
+ft limit may)2.709 F .425(be increased up to the v)144 453.6 R .425
+(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .426(If neither)5.425 F F2<ad48>2.926 E
+F0(nor)2.926 E F2<ad53>2.926 E F0 .426
+(is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.926 F .139(hard limits are set.)144
+465.6 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F3(limit)2.729 E F0 .139
(can be a number in the unit speci\214ed for the resource or one)3.319 F
-.742(of the special v)144 316.8 R(alues)-.25 E F1(hard)3.242 E F0(,)A F1
-(soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F1(unlimited)3.241 E F0 3.241(,w)
+.741(of the special v)144 477.6 R(alues)-.25 E F2(hard)3.241 E F0(,)A F2
+(soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F2(unlimited)3.241 E F0 3.241(,w)
C .741(hich stand for the current hard limit, the current)-3.241 F .78
-(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 328.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E
-5.78(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.78 E F2(limit)3.37 E F0 .78
+(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 489.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E
+5.78(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.78 E F3(limit)3.37 E F0 .78
(is omitted, the current v)3.96 F .78(alue of the soft limit of the)-.25
-F .49
9(resource is printed, unless the)144 340.8 R F1<ad48>2.999 E F0
-.499(option is gi)2.999 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.999(n. When).15 F .498
+F .49
8(resource is printed, unless the)144 501.6 R F2<ad48>2.999 E F0
+.499(option is gi)2.999 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.999(n. When).15 F .499
(more than one resource is speci\214ed, the)2.999 F
-(limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 352.8 Q 2.5
-(alue. Other)-.25 F(options are interpreted as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F1
-<ad61>144
364.8 Q F0(All current limits are reported)25.3 E F1<ad62>144
-376.8 Q F0(The maximum sock)24.74 E(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E(fer size)-.25 E
-F1<ad63>144 388.8 Q F0(The maximum size of core \214les created)25.86 E
-F1<ad64>144 400.8 Q F0(The maximum size of a process')24.74 E 2.5(sd)
--.55 G(ata se)-2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F1<ad65>144 412.8 Q F0
-(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))25.86 E F1<ad66>144 424.8 Q
+(limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 513.6 Q 2.5
+(alue. Other)-.25 F(options are interpreted as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F2
+<ad61>144
525.6 Q F0(All current limits are reported)25.3 E F2<ad62>144
+537.6 Q F0(The maximum sock)24.74 E(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E(fer size)-.25 E
+F2<ad63>144 549.6 Q F0(The maximum size of core \214les created)25.86 E
+F2<ad64>144 561.6 Q F0(The maximum size of a process')24.74 E 2.5(sd)
+-.55 G(ata se)-2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F2<ad65>144 573.6 Q F0
+(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))25.86 E F2<ad66>144 585.6 Q
F0(The maximum size of \214les written by the shell and its children)
-26.97 E F1<ad69>144 436.8 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)
-27.52 E F1<ad6c>144 448.8 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)27.52 E
-(ed into memory)-.1 E F1<ad6d>144 460.8 Q F0
+26.97 E F2<ad69>144 597.6 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)
+27.52 E F2<ad6c>144 609.6 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)27.52 E
+(ed into memory)-.1 E F2<ad6d>144 621.6 Q F0
(The maximum resident set size \(man)21.97 E 2.5(ys)-.15 G
-(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F1<ad6e>144 472.8 Q F0 .791(Th\
+(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F2<ad6e>144 633.6 Q F0 .791(Th\
e maximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do not allo)
-24.74 F 3.291(wt)-.25 G .791(his v)-3.291 F .791(alue to)-.25 F
-(be set\))180 484.8 Q F1<ad70>144 496.8 Q F0
-(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))24.74 E F1
-<ad71>144 508.8 Q F0
-(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)24.74 E F
1<ad72>144
-
520.8 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)25.86 E F1<ad73>144
-532.8 Q F0(The maximum stack size)26.41 E F1<ad74>144 544.8 Q F0
-(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)26.97 E F1<ad75>144 556.8 Q
+24.74 F 3.29(wt)-.25 G .79(his v)-3.29 F .79(alue to)-.25 F(be set\))180
+645.6 Q F2<ad70>144 657.6 Q F0
+(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))24.74 E F2
+<ad71>144 669.6 Q F0
+(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)24.74 E F
2<ad72>144
+
681.6 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)25.86 E F2<ad73>144
+693.6 Q F0(The maximum stack size)26.41 E F2<ad74>144 705.6 Q F0
+(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)26.97 E F2<ad75>144 717.6 Q
F0(The maximum number of processes a)24.74 E -.25(va)-.2 G
-(ilable to a single user).25 E F1<ad76>144 568.8 Q F0 .47
+(ilable to a single user).25 E(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q(2011 July 7)151.505
+E(69)200.665 E 0 Cg EP
+%%Page: 70 70
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+/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
+-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad76>144 84 Q F0 .47
(The maximum amount of virtual memory a)25.3 F -.25(va)-.2 G .47
-(ilable to the shell and, on some systems, to).25 F(its children)180
-580.8 Q F1<ad78>144 592.8 Q F0(The maximum number of \214le locks)25.3 E
-F1<ad54>144 604.8 Q F0(The maximum number of threads)23.63 E(If)144
-621.6 Q F2(limit)2.933 E F0 .343(is gi)3.523 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .343
-(n, it is the ne).15 F 2.843(wv)-.25 G .343
+(ilable to the shell and, on some systems, to).25 F(its children)180 96
+Q F1<ad78>144 108 Q F0(The maximum number of \214le locks)25.3 E F1
+<ad54>144 120 Q F0(The maximum number of threads)23.63 E(If)144 136.8 Q
+/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(limit)2.933 E F0 .343(is gi)3.523 F -.15(ve)
+-.25 G .343(n, it is the ne).15 F 2.843(wv)-.25 G .343
(alue of the speci\214ed resource \(the)-3.093 F F1<ad61>2.843 E F0 .343
-(option is display only\).)2.843 F .343(If no)5.343 F .176(option is gi)
-144 633.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .176(n, then).15 F F1<ad66>2.676 E F0 .175
-(is assumed.)2.676 F -1.11(Va)5.175 G .175
-(lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .175(xcept for)-.15 F F1
-<ad74>2.675 E F0 2.675(,w)C .175(hich is in)-2.675 F(seconds,)144 645.6
-Q F1<ad70>2.515 E F0 2.515(,w)C .015
-(hich is in units of 512-byte blocks, and)-2.51
5 F F1<ad54>2.516 E F0(,)
-A F1<ad62>2.516 E F0(,)A F1<ad6e>2.516 E F0 2.516(,a)C(nd)-2.516 E F1
-<ad75>2.516 E F0 2.516(,w)C .016(hich are unscaled v)-2.516 F(al-)-.25 E
-3.788(ues. The)144 657.6 R 1.287(return status is 0 unless an in)3.787 F
+(option is display only\).)2.843 F .343(If no)5.343 F .175(option is gi)
+144 148.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .175(n, then).15 F F1<ad66>2.675 E F0 .175
+(is assumed.)2.675 F -1.11(Va)5.175 G .175
+(lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .176(xcept for)-.15 F F1
+<ad74>2.676 E F0 2.676(,w)C .176(hich is in)-2.676 F(seconds,)144 160.8
+Q F1<ad70>2.516 E F0 2.516(,w)C .016
+(hich is in units of 512-byte blocks, and)-2.51
6 F F1<ad54>2.516 E F0(,)
+A F1<ad62>2.515 E F0(,)A F1<ad6e>2.515 E F0 2.515(,a)C(nd)-2.515 E F1
+<ad75>2.515 E F0 2.515(,w)C .015(hich are unscaled v)-2.515 F(al-)-.25 E
+3.787(ues. The)144 172.8 R 1.287(return status is 0 unless an in)3.787 F
-.25(va)-.4 G 1.287(lid option or ar).25 F 1.287
(gument is supplied, or an error occurs)-.18 F(while setting a ne)144
-669.6 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(imit.)-2.5 E F1(umask)108 686.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1
+184.8 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(imit.)-2.5 E F1(umask)108 201.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1
<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad53>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(mode)-2.5 E F0(])A .2
-(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 698.4 R F2(mode)2.7 E F0
+(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 213.6 R F2(mode)2.7 E F0
5.2(.I).18 G(f)-5.2 E F2(mode)3.08 E F0(be)2.88 E .2
(gins with a digit, it is interpreted as an octal)-.15 F .066(number; o\
therwise it is interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that acce\
-pted by)144 710.4 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144
-722.4 Q F2(mode)3.262 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.062 F .382
+pted by)144 225.6 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144
+237.6 Q F2(mode)3.263 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.063 F .382
(alue of the mask is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.382 E F1<ad53>2.882 E F0 .382
-(option causes the mask to be)2.882 F(GNU Bash 4.2)72 768 Q
-(2011 April 11)146.785 E(69)195.945 E 0 Cg EP
-%%Page: 70 70
-%%BeginPageSetup
-BP
-%%EndPageSetup
-/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E .547(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 84 R .547
+(option causes the mask to be)2.882 F .547
+(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 249.6 R .547
(ault output is an octal number)-.1 F 5.547(.I)-.55 G 3.047(ft)-5.547 G
-(he)-3.047 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad70>3.047 E F0 .547
-(option is supplied, and)3.047 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(mode)144.38 96
-Q F0 .551
-(is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.)3.231
-F .552(The return status is 0 if the)5.552 F(mode w)144 108 Q
+(he)-3.047 E F1<ad70>3.047 E F0 .547(option is supplied, and)3.047 F F2
+(mode)144.38 261.6 Q F0 .552
+(is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.)3.232
+F .551(The return status is 0 if the)5.551 F(mode w)144 273.6 Q
(as successfully changed or if no)-.1 E F2(mode)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E
(gument w)-.18 E(as supplied, and f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F1
-(unalias)108 124.8 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0
-(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 136.8 Q 1.955 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(name)
+(unalias)108 290.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0
+(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 302.4 Q 1.955 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(name)
4.155 E F0 1.655(from the list of de\214ned aliases.)4.155 F(If)6.655 E
F1<ad61>4.155 E F0 1.655(is supplied, all alias de\214nitions are)4.155
-F(remo)144 148.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E
+F(remo)144 314.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E
(alue is true unless a supplied)-.25 E F2(name)2.86 E F0
-(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F1(unset)108 165.6 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1
-(fv)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 177.6 S 3.106
-(re).15 G(ach)-3.106 E F2(name)3.106 E F0 3.106(,r).18 G(emo)-3.106 E
-.906 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .606(he corresponding v).15 F .607
-(ariable or function.)-.25 F .607(If no options are supplied, or the)
-5.607 F F1<ad76>144 189.6 Q F0 .305(option is gi)2.805 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-.305(n, each).15 F F2(name)3.165 E F0 .305(refers to a shell v)2.985 F
-2.805(ariable. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)2.805 G .304
-(riables may not be unset.).25 F(If)5.304 E F1<ad66>144 201.6 Q F0 .459
-(is speci\214ed, each)2.959 F F2(name)3.319 E F0 .459
-(refers to a shell function, and the function de\214nition is remo)3.139
-F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.96(d. Each).15 F .903(unset v)144 213.6 R .903
-(ariable or function is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.402(df).15 G .902
-(rom the en)-3.402 F .902(vironment passed to subsequent commands.)-.4 F
-(If)5.902 E(an)144 225.6 Q 6.915(yo)-.15 G(f)-6.915 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0
-SF(COMP_W)6.915 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3(RANDOM)
-6.665 E F4(,)A F3(SECONDS)6.665 E F4(,)A F3(LINENO)6.665 E F4(,)A F3
-(HISTCMD)6.666 E F4(,)A F3(FUNCN)6.666 E(AME)-.18 E F4(,)A F3(GR)144
-237.6 Q(OUPS)-.27 E F4(,)A F0(or)2.523 E F3(DIRST)2.773 E -.495(AC)-.81
-G(K).495 E F0 .272(are unset, the)2.522 F 2.772(yl)-.15 G .272
-(ose their special properties, e)-2.772 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.772(ni).15 G
-2.772(ft)-2.772 G(he)-2.772 E 2.772(ya)-.15 G .272(re subsequently)
--2.772 F 2.5(reset. The)144 249.6 R -.15(ex)2.5 G
-(it status is true unless a).15 E F2(name)2.86 E F0(is readonly)2.68 E
-(.)-.65 E F1(wait)108 266.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 2.5(n.)C(..)-2.5 E F0(])A
--.8(Wa)144 278.4 S .288
+(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F1(unset)108 331.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1
+(fv)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 343.2 S 3.828
+(re).15 G(ach)-3.828 E F2(name)3.828 E F0 3.828(,r).18 G(emo)-3.828 E
+1.628 -.15(ve t)-.15 H 1.328(he corresponding v).15 F 1.327
+(ariable or function.)-.25 F 1.327(If the)6.327 F F1<ad76>3.827 E F0
+1.327(option is gi)3.827 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.327(n, each).15 F F2(name)
+144.36 355.2 Q F0 1.55(refers to a shell v)4.23 F 1.551
+(ariable, and that v)-.25 F 1.551(ariable is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
+4.051(d. Read-only).15 F -.25(va)4.051 G 1.551(riables may not be).25 F
+4.642(unset. If)144 367.2 R F1<ad66>4.642 E F0 2.142
+(is speci\214ed, each)4.642 F F2(name)5.001 E F0 2.141
+(refers to a shell function, and the function de\214nition is)4.821 F
+(remo)144 379.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.898(d. If).15 F .398
+(no options are supplied, each)2.898 F F2(name)2.898 E F0 .398
+(refers to a v)2.898 F .399(ariable; if there is no v)-.25 F .399
+(ariable by that)-.25 F .579(name, an)144 391.2 R 3.079(yf)-.15 G .579
+(unction with that name is unset.)-3.079 F .579(Each unset v)5.579 F
+.579(ariable or function is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.078(df).15 G
+.578(rom the)-3.078 F(en)144 403.2 Q .045
+(vironment passed to subsequent commands.)-.4 F .046(If an)5.046 F 2.546
+(yo)-.15 G(f)-2.546 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMP_W)2.546 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09
+E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3(RANDOM)2.296 E F4(,)A F3(SEC-)2.296 E
+(ONDS)144 415.2 Q F4(,)A F3(LINENO)2.641 E F4(,)A F3(HISTCMD)2.641 E F4
+(,)A F3(FUNCN)2.641 E(AME)-.18 E F4(,)A F3(GR)2.64 E(OUPS)-.27 E F4(,)A
+F0(or)2.64 E F3(DIRST)2.89 E -.495(AC)-.81 G(K).495 E F0 .39
+(are unset, the)2.64 F 2.89(yl)-.15 G .39(ose their spe-)-2.89 F .726
+(cial properties, e)144 427.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.226(ni).15 G 3.226(ft)
+-3.226 G(he)-3.226 E 3.226(ya)-.15 G .726(re subsequently reset.)-3.226
+F .726(The e)5.726 F .727(xit status is true unless a)-.15 F F2(name)
+3.587 E F0 .727(is read-)3.407 F(only)144 439.2 Q(.)-.65 E F1(wait)108
+456 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 2.5(n.)C(..)-2.5 E F0(])A -.8(Wa)144 468 S .288
(it for each speci\214ed process and return its termination status.).8 F
-(Each)5.288 E F2(n)3.148 E F0 .288(may be a process ID or a)3.028 F .722
-(job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 290.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
-.722(n, all processes in that job').15 F 3.222(sp)-.55 G .722
-(ipeline are w)-3.222 F .722(aited for)-.1 F 5.722(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.722 E
-F2(n)3.582 E F0(is)3.462 E 1.265(not gi)144 302.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.265
-(n, all currently acti).15 F 1.565 -.15(ve c)-.25 H 1.265
-(hild processes are w).15 F 1.265(aited for)-.1 F 3.765(,a)-.4 G 1.266
-(nd the return status is zero.)-3.765 F(If)6.266 E F2(n)4.126 E F0 .457
-(speci\214es a non-e)144 314.4 R .457
+(Each)5.288 E F2(n)3.148 E F0 .287(may be a process ID or a)3.028 F .722
+(job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 480 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .722
+(n, all processes in that job').15 F 3.222(sp)-.55 G .722(ipeline are w)
+-3.222 F .722(aited for)-.1 F 5.722(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.722 E F2(n)3.583 E F0
+(is)3.463 E 1.266(not gi)144 492 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.266
+(n, all currently acti).15 F 1.566 -.15(ve c)-.25 H 1.265
+(hild processes are w).15 F 1.265(aited for)-.1 F 3.765(,a)-.4 G 1.265
+(nd the return status is zero.)-3.765 F(If)6.265 E F2(n)4.125 E F0 .456
+(speci\214es a non-e)144 504 R .457
(xistent process or job, the return status is 127.)-.15 F .457
-(Otherwise, the return status is the)5.457 F -.15(ex)144 326.4 S
+(Otherwise, the return status is the)5.457 F -.15(ex)144 516 S
(it status of the last process or job w).15 E(aited for)-.1 E(.)-.55 E
-/F5 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(RESTRICTED SHELL)72 343.2 Q F0(If)108 355.2 Q
-F1(bash)4.396 E F0 1.896(is started with the name)4.396 F F1(rbash)4.397
-E F0 4.397(,o)C 4.397(rt)-4.397 G(he)-4.397 E F1<ad72>4.397 E F0 1.897
-(option is supplied at in)4.397 F -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.897
-(cation, the shell becomes).2 F 3.446(restricted. A)108 367.2 R .945
-(restricted shell is used to set up an en)3.446 F .945
-(vironment more controlled than the standard shell.)-.4 F(It)5.945 E
-(beha)108 379.2 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(si).15 G(dentically to)-2.5 E F1
+/F5 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(RESTRICTED SHELL)72 532.8 Q F0(If)108 544.8 Q
+F1(bash)4.397 E F0 1.897(is started with the name)4.397 F F1(rbash)4.397
+E F0 4.397(,o)C 4.397(rt)-4.397 G(he)-4.397 E F1<ad72>4.397 E F0 1.896
+(option is supplied at in)4.397 F -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.896
+(cation, the shell becomes).2 F 3.445(restricted. A)108 556.8 R .945
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%%Trailer
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%%EOF
@xrdef{Lists-snt}{Section@tie 3.2.3}
@xrdef{Compound Commands-title}{Compound Commands}
@xrdef{Compound Commands-snt}{Section@tie 3.2.4}
-@xrdef{Looping Constructs-title}{Looping Constructs}
-@xrdef{Looping Constructs-snt}{Section@tie 3.2.4.1}
@xrdef{Lists-pg}{9}
@xrdef{Compound Commands-pg}{9}
+@xrdef{Looping Constructs-title}{Looping Constructs}
+@xrdef{Looping Constructs-snt}{Section@tie 3.2.4.1}
@xrdef{Conditional Constructs-title}{Conditional Constructs}
@xrdef{Conditional Constructs-snt}{Section@tie 3.2.4.2}
@xrdef{Looping Constructs-pg}{10}
@xrdef{Positional Parameters-pg}{17}
@xrdef{Special Parameters-title}{Special Parameters}
@xrdef{Special Parameters-snt}{Section@tie 3.4.2}
+@xrdef{Special Parameters-pg}{18}
@xrdef{Shell Expansions-title}{Shell Expansions}
@xrdef{Shell Expansions-snt}{Section@tie 3.5}
-@xrdef{Special Parameters-pg}{18}
@xrdef{Brace Expansion-title}{Brace Expansion}
@xrdef{Brace Expansion-snt}{Section@tie 3.5.1}
@xrdef{Shell Expansions-pg}{19}
@xrdef{Shell Scripts-title}{Shell Scripts}
@xrdef{Shell Scripts-snt}{Section@tie 3.8}
@xrdef{Signals-pg}{34}
-@xrdef{Shell Scripts-pg}{34}
+@xrdef{Shell Scripts-pg}{35}
@xrdef{Shell Builtin Commands-title}{Shell Builtin Commands}
@xrdef{Shell Builtin Commands-snt}{Chapter@tie 4}
@xrdef{Bourne Shell Builtins-title}{Bourne Shell Builtins}
@xrdef{Bourne Shell Variables-snt}{Section@tie 5.1}
@xrdef{Bash Variables-title}{Bash Variables}
@xrdef{Bash Variables-snt}{Section@tie 5.2}
-@xrdef{Shell Variables-pg}{63}
-@xrdef{Bourne Shell Variables-pg}{63}
-@xrdef{Bash Variables-pg}{63}
+@xrdef{Shell Variables-pg}{65}
+@xrdef{Bourne Shell Variables-pg}{65}
+@xrdef{Bash Variables-pg}{65}
@xrdef{Bash Features-title}{Bash Features}
@xrdef{Bash Features-snt}{Chapter@tie 6}
@xrdef{Invoking Bash-title}{Invoking Bash}
@xrdef{Invoking Bash-snt}{Section@tie 6.1}
-@xrdef{Bash Features-pg}{73}
-@xrdef{Invoking Bash-pg}{73}
+@xrdef{Bash Features-pg}{75}
+@xrdef{Invoking Bash-pg}{75}
@xrdef{Bash Startup Files-title}{Bash Startup Files}
@xrdef{Bash Startup Files-snt}{Section@tie 6.2}
-@xrdef{Bash Startup Files-pg}{75}
+@xrdef{Bash Startup Files-pg}{77}
@xrdef{Interactive Shells-title}{Interactive Shells}
@xrdef{Interactive Shells-snt}{Section@tie 6.3}
@xrdef{What is an Interactive Shell?-title}{What is an Interactive Shell?}
@xrdef{What is an Interactive Shell?-snt}{Section@tie 6.3.1}
-@xrdef{Interactive Shells-pg}{76}
+@xrdef{Interactive Shells-pg}{78}
@xrdef{Is this Shell Interactive?-title}{Is this Shell Interactive?}
@xrdef{Is this Shell Interactive?-snt}{Section@tie 6.3.2}
@xrdef{Interactive Shell Behavior-title}{Interactive Shell Behavior}
@xrdef{Interactive Shell Behavior-snt}{Section@tie 6.3.3}
-@xrdef{What is an Interactive Shell?-pg}{77}
-@xrdef{Is this Shell Interactive?-pg}{77}
-@xrdef{Interactive Shell Behavior-pg}{77}
+@xrdef{What is an Interactive Shell?-pg}{79}
+@xrdef{Is this Shell Interactive?-pg}{79}
+@xrdef{Interactive Shell Behavior-pg}{79}
@xrdef{Bash Conditional Expressions-title}{Bash Conditional Expressions}
@xrdef{Bash Conditional Expressions-snt}{Section@tie 6.4}
-@xrdef{Bash Conditional Expressions-pg}{78}
+@xrdef{Bash Conditional Expressions-pg}{80}
@xrdef{Shell Arithmetic-title}{Shell Arithmetic}
@xrdef{Shell Arithmetic-snt}{Section@tie 6.5}
-@xrdef{Shell Arithmetic-pg}{80}
+@xrdef{Shell Arithmetic-pg}{82}
@xrdef{Aliases-title}{Aliases}
@xrdef{Aliases-snt}{Section@tie 6.6}
-@xrdef{Aliases-pg}{81}
+@xrdef{Aliases-pg}{83}
@xrdef{Arrays-title}{Arrays}
@xrdef{Arrays-snt}{Section@tie 6.7}
-@xrdef{Arrays-pg}{82}
+@xrdef{Arrays-pg}{84}
@xrdef{The Directory Stack-title}{The Directory Stack}
@xrdef{The Directory Stack-snt}{Section@tie 6.8}
@xrdef{Directory Stack Builtins-title}{Directory Stack Builtins}
@xrdef{Directory Stack Builtins-snt}{Section@tie 6.8.1}
-@xrdef{The Directory Stack-pg}{83}
-@xrdef{Directory Stack Builtins-pg}{83}
+@xrdef{The Directory Stack-pg}{85}
+@xrdef{Directory Stack Builtins-pg}{85}
@xrdef{Printing a Prompt-title}{Controlling the Prompt}
@xrdef{Printing a Prompt-snt}{Section@tie 6.9}
-@xrdef{Printing a Prompt-pg}{84}
+@xrdef{Printing a Prompt-pg}{86}
@xrdef{The Restricted Shell-title}{The Restricted Shell}
@xrdef{The Restricted Shell-snt}{Section@tie 6.10}
@xrdef{Bash POSIX Mode-title}{Bash POSIX Mode}
@xrdef{Bash POSIX Mode-snt}{Section@tie 6.11}
-@xrdef{The Restricted Shell-pg}{86}
-@xrdef{Bash POSIX Mode-pg}{86}
+@xrdef{The Restricted Shell-pg}{88}
+@xrdef{Bash POSIX Mode-pg}{88}
@xrdef{Job Control-title}{Job Control}
@xrdef{Job Control-snt}{Chapter@tie 7}
@xrdef{Job Control Basics-title}{Job Control Basics}
@xrdef{Job Control Basics-snt}{Section@tie 7.1}
-@xrdef{Job Control-pg}{91}
-@xrdef{Job Control Basics-pg}{91}
+@xrdef{Job Control-pg}{93}
+@xrdef{Job Control Basics-pg}{93}
@xrdef{Job Control Builtins-title}{Job Control Builtins}
@xrdef{Job Control Builtins-snt}{Section@tie 7.2}
-@xrdef{Job Control Builtins-pg}{92}
+@xrdef{Job Control Builtins-pg}{94}
@xrdef{Job Control Variables-title}{Job Control Variables}
@xrdef{Job Control Variables-snt}{Section@tie 7.3}
-@xrdef{Job Control Variables-pg}{94}
+@xrdef{Job Control Variables-pg}{96}
@xrdef{Command Line Editing-title}{Command Line Editing}
@xrdef{Command Line Editing-snt}{Chapter@tie 8}
@xrdef{Introduction and Notation-title}{Introduction to Line Editing}
@xrdef{Readline Interaction-snt}{Section@tie 8.2}
@xrdef{Readline Bare Essentials-title}{Readline Bare Essentials}
@xrdef{Readline Bare Essentials-snt}{Section@tie 8.2.1}
-@xrdef{Command Line Editing-pg}{95}
-@xrdef{Introduction and Notation-pg}{95}
-@xrdef{Readline Interaction-pg}{95}
+@xrdef{Command Line Editing-pg}{97}
+@xrdef{Introduction and Notation-pg}{97}
+@xrdef{Readline Interaction-pg}{97}
@xrdef{Readline Movement Commands-title}{Readline Movement Commands}
@xrdef{Readline Movement Commands-snt}{Section@tie 8.2.2}
@xrdef{Readline Killing Commands-title}{Readline Killing Commands}
@xrdef{Readline Killing Commands-snt}{Section@tie 8.2.3}
-@xrdef{Readline Bare Essentials-pg}{96}
-@xrdef{Readline Movement Commands-pg}{96}
+@xrdef{Readline Bare Essentials-pg}{98}
+@xrdef{Readline Movement Commands-pg}{98}
@xrdef{Readline Arguments-title}{Readline Arguments}
@xrdef{Readline Arguments-snt}{Section@tie 8.2.4}
@xrdef{Searching-title}{Searching for Commands in the History}
@xrdef{Searching-snt}{Section@tie 8.2.5}
-@xrdef{Readline Killing Commands-pg}{97}
-@xrdef{Readline Arguments-pg}{97}
-@xrdef{Searching-pg}{97}
+@xrdef{Readline Killing Commands-pg}{99}
+@xrdef{Readline Arguments-pg}{99}
+@xrdef{Searching-pg}{99}
@xrdef{Readline Init File-title}{Readline Init File}
@xrdef{Readline Init File-snt}{Section@tie 8.3}
@xrdef{Readline Init File Syntax-title}{Readline Init File Syntax}
@xrdef{Readline Init File Syntax-snt}{Section@tie 8.3.1}
-@xrdef{Readline Init File-pg}{98}
-@xrdef{Readline Init File Syntax-pg}{98}
+@xrdef{Readline Init File-pg}{100}
+@xrdef{Readline Init File Syntax-pg}{100}
@xrdef{Conditional Init Constructs-title}{Conditional Init Constructs}
@xrdef{Conditional Init Constructs-snt}{Section@tie 8.3.2}
-@xrdef{Conditional Init Constructs-pg}{104}
+@xrdef{Conditional Init Constructs-pg}{106}
@xrdef{Sample Init File-title}{Sample Init File}
@xrdef{Sample Init File-snt}{Section@tie 8.3.3}
-@xrdef{Sample Init File-pg}{105}
+@xrdef{Sample Init File-pg}{107}
@xrdef{Bindable Readline Commands-title}{Bindable Readline Commands}
@xrdef{Bindable Readline Commands-snt}{Section@tie 8.4}
@xrdef{Commands For Moving-title}{Commands For Moving}
@xrdef{Commands For Moving-snt}{Section@tie 8.4.1}
@xrdef{Commands For History-title}{Commands For Manipulating The History}
@xrdef{Commands For History-snt}{Section@tie 8.4.2}
-@xrdef{Bindable Readline Commands-pg}{108}
-@xrdef{Commands For Moving-pg}{108}
-@xrdef{Commands For History-pg}{109}
+@xrdef{Bindable Readline Commands-pg}{110}
+@xrdef{Commands For Moving-pg}{110}
+@xrdef{Commands For History-pg}{111}
@xrdef{Commands For Text-title}{Commands For Changing Text}
@xrdef{Commands For Text-snt}{Section@tie 8.4.3}
-@xrdef{Commands For Text-pg}{110}
+@xrdef{Commands For Text-pg}{112}
@xrdef{Commands For Killing-title}{Killing And Yanking}
@xrdef{Commands For Killing-snt}{Section@tie 8.4.4}
-@xrdef{Commands For Killing-pg}{111}
+@xrdef{Commands For Killing-pg}{113}
@xrdef{Numeric Arguments-title}{Specifying Numeric Arguments}
@xrdef{Numeric Arguments-snt}{Section@tie 8.4.5}
+@xrdef{Numeric Arguments-pg}{114}
@xrdef{Commands For Completion-title}{Letting Readline Type For You}
@xrdef{Commands For Completion-snt}{Section@tie 8.4.6}
-@xrdef{Numeric Arguments-pg}{112}
-@xrdef{Commands For Completion-pg}{112}
+@xrdef{Commands For Completion-pg}{115}
@xrdef{Keyboard Macros-title}{Keyboard Macros}
@xrdef{Keyboard Macros-snt}{Section@tie 8.4.7}
@xrdef{Miscellaneous Commands-title}{Some Miscellaneous Commands}
@xrdef{Miscellaneous Commands-snt}{Section@tie 8.4.8}
-@xrdef{Keyboard Macros-pg}{114}
-@xrdef{Miscellaneous Commands-pg}{114}
+@xrdef{Keyboard Macros-pg}{116}
+@xrdef{Miscellaneous Commands-pg}{117}
@xrdef{Readline vi Mode-title}{Readline vi Mode}
@xrdef{Readline vi Mode-snt}{Section@tie 8.5}
@xrdef{Programmable Completion-title}{Programmable Completion}
@xrdef{Programmable Completion-snt}{Section@tie 8.6}
-@xrdef{Readline vi Mode-pg}{117}
-@xrdef{Programmable Completion-pg}{117}
+@xrdef{Readline vi Mode-pg}{119}
+@xrdef{Programmable Completion-pg}{119}
@xrdef{Programmable Completion Builtins-title}{Programmable Completion Builtins}
@xrdef{Programmable Completion Builtins-snt}{Section@tie 8.7}
-@xrdef{Programmable Completion Builtins-pg}{119}
+@xrdef{Programmable Completion Builtins-pg}{121}
@xrdef{Using History Interactively-title}{Using History Interactively}
@xrdef{Using History Interactively-snt}{Chapter@tie 9}
@xrdef{Bash History Facilities-title}{Bash History Facilities}
@xrdef{Bash History Facilities-snt}{Section@tie 9.1}
@xrdef{Bash History Builtins-title}{Bash History Builtins}
@xrdef{Bash History Builtins-snt}{Section@tie 9.2}
-@xrdef{Using History Interactively-pg}{125}
-@xrdef{Bash History Facilities-pg}{125}
-@xrdef{Bash History Builtins-pg}{125}
+@xrdef{Using History Interactively-pg}{127}
+@xrdef{Bash History Facilities-pg}{127}
+@xrdef{Bash History Builtins-pg}{127}
@xrdef{History Interaction-title}{History Expansion}
@xrdef{History Interaction-snt}{Section@tie 9.3}
@xrdef{Event Designators-title}{Event Designators}
@xrdef{Event Designators-snt}{Section@tie 9.3.1}
-@xrdef{History Interaction-pg}{127}
-@xrdef{Event Designators-pg}{127}
+@xrdef{History Interaction-pg}{129}
+@xrdef{Event Designators-pg}{129}
@xrdef{Word Designators-title}{Word Designators}
@xrdef{Word Designators-snt}{Section@tie 9.3.2}
-@xrdef{Word Designators-pg}{128}
+@xrdef{Word Designators-pg}{130}
@xrdef{Modifiers-title}{Modifiers}
@xrdef{Modifiers-snt}{Section@tie 9.3.3}
-@xrdef{Modifiers-pg}{129}
+@xrdef{Modifiers-pg}{131}
@xrdef{Installing Bash-title}{Installing Bash}
@xrdef{Installing Bash-snt}{Chapter@tie 10}
@xrdef{Basic Installation-title}{Basic Installation}
@xrdef{Basic Installation-snt}{Section@tie 10.1}
@xrdef{Compilers and Options-title}{Compilers and Options}
@xrdef{Compilers and Options-snt}{Section@tie 10.2}
-@xrdef{Installing Bash-pg}{131}
-@xrdef{Basic Installation-pg}{131}
+@xrdef{Installing Bash-pg}{133}
+@xrdef{Basic Installation-pg}{133}
@xrdef{Compiling For Multiple Architectures-title}{Compiling For Multiple Architectures}
@xrdef{Compiling For Multiple Architectures-snt}{Section@tie 10.3}
@xrdef{Installation Names-title}{Installation Names}
@xrdef{Installation Names-snt}{Section@tie 10.4}
@xrdef{Specifying the System Type-title}{Specifying the System Type}
@xrdef{Specifying the System Type-snt}{Section@tie 10.5}
-@xrdef{Compilers and Options-pg}{132}
-@xrdef{Compiling For Multiple Architectures-pg}{132}
-@xrdef{Installation Names-pg}{132}
-@xrdef{Specifying the System Type-pg}{132}
+@xrdef{Compilers and Options-pg}{134}
+@xrdef{Compiling For Multiple Architectures-pg}{134}
+@xrdef{Installation Names-pg}{134}
+@xrdef{Specifying the System Type-pg}{134}
@xrdef{Sharing Defaults-title}{Sharing Defaults}
@xrdef{Sharing Defaults-snt}{Section@tie 10.6}
@xrdef{Operation Controls-title}{Operation Controls}
@xrdef{Operation Controls-snt}{Section@tie 10.7}
@xrdef{Optional Features-title}{Optional Features}
@xrdef{Optional Features-snt}{Section@tie 10.8}
-@xrdef{Sharing Defaults-pg}{133}
-@xrdef{Operation Controls-pg}{133}
-@xrdef{Optional Features-pg}{133}
+@xrdef{Sharing Defaults-pg}{135}
+@xrdef{Operation Controls-pg}{135}
+@xrdef{Optional Features-pg}{135}
@xrdef{Reporting Bugs-title}{Reporting Bugs}
@xrdef{Reporting Bugs-snt}{Appendix@tie @char65{}}
-@xrdef{Reporting Bugs-pg}{139}
+@xrdef{Reporting Bugs-pg}{141}
@xrdef{Major Differences From The Bourne Shell-title}{Major Differences From The Bourne Shell}
@xrdef{Major Differences From The Bourne Shell-snt}{Appendix@tie @char66{}}
-@xrdef{Major Differences From The Bourne Shell-pg}{141}
+@xrdef{Major Differences From The Bourne Shell-pg}{143}
@xrdef{GNU Free Documentation License-title}{GNU Free Documentation License}
@xrdef{GNU Free Documentation License-snt}{Appendix@tie @char67{}}
-@xrdef{GNU Free Documentation License-pg}{147}
+@xrdef{GNU Free Documentation License-pg}{149}
@xrdef{Indexes-title}{Indexes}
@xrdef{Indexes-snt}{Appendix@tie @char68{}}
@xrdef{Builtin Index-title}{Index of Shell Builtin Commands}
@xrdef{Builtin Index-snt}{Section@tie @char68.1}
-@xrdef{Indexes-pg}{155}
-@xrdef{Builtin Index-pg}{155}
+@xrdef{Indexes-pg}{157}
+@xrdef{Builtin Index-pg}{157}
@xrdef{Reserved Word Index-title}{Index of Shell Reserved Words}
@xrdef{Reserved Word Index-snt}{Section@tie @char68.2}
@xrdef{Variable Index-title}{Parameter and Variable Index}
@xrdef{Variable Index-snt}{Section@tie @char68.3}
-@xrdef{Reserved Word Index-pg}{156}
-@xrdef{Variable Index-pg}{156}
+@xrdef{Reserved Word Index-pg}{158}
+@xrdef{Variable Index-pg}{158}
@xrdef{Function Index-title}{Function Index}
@xrdef{Function Index-snt}{Section@tie @char68.4}
-@xrdef{Function Index-pg}{158}
+@xrdef{Function Index-pg}{160}
@xrdef{Concept Index-title}{Concept Index}
@xrdef{Concept Index-snt}{Section@tie @char68.5}
-@xrdef{Concept Index-pg}{160}
+@xrdef{Concept Index-pg}{162}
\entry{unalias}{53}{\code {unalias}}
\entry{set}{54}{\code {set}}
\entry{shopt}{57}{\code {shopt}}
-\entry{dirs}{83}{\code {dirs}}
-\entry{popd}{84}{\code {popd}}
-\entry{pushd}{84}{\code {pushd}}
-\entry{bg}{92}{\code {bg}}
-\entry{fg}{92}{\code {fg}}
-\entry{jobs}{92}{\code {jobs}}
-\entry{kill}{93}{\code {kill}}
-\entry{wait}{93}{\code {wait}}
-\entry{disown}{93}{\code {disown}}
-\entry{suspend}{93}{\code {suspend}}
-\entry{compgen}{119}{\code {compgen}}
-\entry{complete}{119}{\code {complete}}
-\entry{compopt}{122}{\code {compopt}}
-\entry{fc}{125}{\code {fc}}
-\entry{history}{126}{\code {history}}
+\entry{dirs}{85}{\code {dirs}}
+\entry{popd}{86}{\code {popd}}
+\entry{pushd}{86}{\code {pushd}}
+\entry{bg}{94}{\code {bg}}
+\entry{fg}{94}{\code {fg}}
+\entry{jobs}{94}{\code {jobs}}
+\entry{kill}{95}{\code {kill}}
+\entry{wait}{95}{\code {wait}}
+\entry{disown}{95}{\code {disown}}
+\entry{suspend}{95}{\code {suspend}}
+\entry{compgen}{121}{\code {compgen}}
+\entry{complete}{122}{\code {complete}}
+\entry{compopt}{124}{\code {compopt}}
+\entry{fc}{127}{\code {fc}}
+\entry{history}{128}{\code {history}}
\initial {A}
\entry {\code {alias}}{43}
\initial {B}
-\entry {\code {bg}}{92}
+\entry {\code {bg}}{94}
\entry {\code {bind}}{44}
\entry {\code {break}}{37}
\entry {\code {builtin}}{45}
\entry {\code {caller}}{45}
\entry {\code {cd}}{38}
\entry {\code {command}}{45}
-\entry {\code {compgen}}{119}
-\entry {\code {complete}}{119}
-\entry {\code {compopt}}{122}
+\entry {\code {compgen}}{121}
+\entry {\code {complete}}{122}
+\entry {\code {compopt}}{124}
\entry {\code {continue}}{38}
\initial {D}
\entry {\code {declare}}{46}
-\entry {\code {dirs}}{83}
-\entry {\code {disown}}{93}
+\entry {\code {dirs}}{85}
+\entry {\code {disown}}{95}
\initial {E}
\entry {\code {echo}}{47}
\entry {\code {enable}}{48}
\entry {\code {exit}}{38}
\entry {\code {export}}{39}
\initial {F}
-\entry {\code {fc}}{125}
-\entry {\code {fg}}{92}
+\entry {\code {fc}}{127}
+\entry {\code {fg}}{94}
\initial {G}
\entry {\code {getopts}}{39}
\initial {H}
\entry {\code {hash}}{40}
\entry {\code {help}}{48}
-\entry {\code {history}}{126}
+\entry {\code {history}}{128}
\initial {J}
-\entry {\code {jobs}}{92}
+\entry {\code {jobs}}{94}
\initial {K}
-\entry {\code {kill}}{93}
+\entry {\code {kill}}{95}
\initial {L}
\entry {\code {let}}{48}
\entry {\code {local}}{48}
\initial {M}
\entry {\code {mapfile}}{49}
\initial {P}
-\entry {\code {popd}}{84}
+\entry {\code {popd}}{86}
\entry {\code {printf}}{49}
-\entry {\code {pushd}}{84}
+\entry {\code {pushd}}{86}
\entry {\code {pwd}}{40}
\initial {R}
\entry {\code {read}}{50}
\entry {\code {shift}}{41}
\entry {\code {shopt}}{57}
\entry {\code {source}}{51}
-\entry {\code {suspend}}{93}
+\entry {\code {suspend}}{95}
\initial {T}
\entry {\code {test}}{41}
\entry {\code {times}}{42}
\entry {\code {unalias}}{53}
\entry {\code {unset}}{43}
\initial {W}
-\entry {\code {wait}}{93}
+\entry {\code {wait}}{95}
\entry{environment}{33}{environment}
\entry{exit status}{33}{exit status}
\entry{signal handling}{34}{signal handling}
-\entry{shell script}{34}{shell script}
+\entry{shell script}{35}{shell script}
\entry{special builtin}{62}{special builtin}
-\entry{login shell}{75}{login shell}
-\entry{interactive shell}{75}{interactive shell}
-\entry{startup files}{75}{startup files}
-\entry{interactive shell}{76}{interactive shell}
-\entry{shell, interactive}{76}{shell, interactive}
-\entry{expressions, conditional}{78}{expressions, conditional}
-\entry{arithmetic, shell}{80}{arithmetic, shell}
-\entry{shell arithmetic}{80}{shell arithmetic}
-\entry{expressions, arithmetic}{80}{expressions, arithmetic}
-\entry{evaluation, arithmetic}{80}{evaluation, arithmetic}
-\entry{arithmetic evaluation}{80}{arithmetic evaluation}
-\entry{alias expansion}{81}{alias expansion}
-\entry{arrays}{82}{arrays}
-\entry{directory stack}{83}{directory stack}
-\entry{prompting}{84}{prompting}
-\entry{restricted shell}{86}{restricted shell}
-\entry{POSIX Mode}{86}{POSIX Mode}
-\entry{job control}{91}{job control}
-\entry{foreground}{91}{foreground}
-\entry{background}{91}{background}
-\entry{suspending jobs}{91}{suspending jobs}
-\entry{Readline, how to use}{94}{Readline, how to use}
-\entry{interaction, readline}{95}{interaction, readline}
-\entry{notation, readline}{96}{notation, readline}
-\entry{command editing}{96}{command editing}
-\entry{editing command lines}{96}{editing command lines}
-\entry{killing text}{97}{killing text}
-\entry{yanking text}{97}{yanking text}
-\entry{kill ring}{97}{kill ring}
-\entry{initialization file, readline}{98}{initialization file, readline}
-\entry{variables, readline}{99}{variables, readline}
-\entry{programmable completion}{117}{programmable completion}
-\entry{completion builtins}{119}{completion builtins}
-\entry{History, how to use}{123}{History, how to use}
-\entry{command history}{125}{command history}
-\entry{history list}{125}{history list}
-\entry{history builtins}{125}{history builtins}
-\entry{history expansion}{127}{history expansion}
-\entry{event designators}{127}{event designators}
-\entry{history events}{127}{history events}
-\entry{installation}{131}{installation}
-\entry{configuration}{131}{configuration}
-\entry{Bash installation}{131}{Bash installation}
-\entry{Bash configuration}{131}{Bash configuration}
+\entry{login shell}{77}{login shell}
+\entry{interactive shell}{77}{interactive shell}
+\entry{startup files}{77}{startup files}
+\entry{interactive shell}{78}{interactive shell}
+\entry{shell, interactive}{78}{shell, interactive}
+\entry{expressions, conditional}{80}{expressions, conditional}
+\entry{arithmetic, shell}{82}{arithmetic, shell}
+\entry{shell arithmetic}{82}{shell arithmetic}
+\entry{expressions, arithmetic}{82}{expressions, arithmetic}
+\entry{evaluation, arithmetic}{82}{evaluation, arithmetic}
+\entry{arithmetic evaluation}{82}{arithmetic evaluation}
+\entry{alias expansion}{83}{alias expansion}
+\entry{arrays}{84}{arrays}
+\entry{directory stack}{85}{directory stack}
+\entry{prompting}{86}{prompting}
+\entry{restricted shell}{88}{restricted shell}
+\entry{POSIX Mode}{88}{POSIX Mode}
+\entry{job control}{93}{job control}
+\entry{foreground}{93}{foreground}
+\entry{background}{93}{background}
+\entry{suspending jobs}{93}{suspending jobs}
+\entry{Readline, how to use}{96}{Readline, how to use}
+\entry{interaction, readline}{97}{interaction, readline}
+\entry{notation, readline}{98}{notation, readline}
+\entry{command editing}{98}{command editing}
+\entry{editing command lines}{98}{editing command lines}
+\entry{killing text}{99}{killing text}
+\entry{yanking text}{99}{yanking text}
+\entry{kill ring}{99}{kill ring}
+\entry{initialization file, readline}{100}{initialization file, readline}
+\entry{variables, readline}{101}{variables, readline}
+\entry{programmable completion}{119}{programmable completion}
+\entry{completion builtins}{121}{completion builtins}
+\entry{History, how to use}{125}{History, how to use}
+\entry{command history}{127}{command history}
+\entry{history list}{127}{history list}
+\entry{history builtins}{127}{history builtins}
+\entry{history expansion}{129}{history expansion}
+\entry{event designators}{129}{event designators}
+\entry{history events}{129}{history events}
+\entry{installation}{133}{installation}
+\entry{configuration}{133}{configuration}
+\entry{Bash installation}{133}{Bash installation}
+\entry{Bash configuration}{133}{Bash configuration}
\initial {A}
-\entry {alias expansion}{81}
-\entry {arithmetic evaluation}{80}
+\entry {alias expansion}{83}
+\entry {arithmetic evaluation}{82}
\entry {arithmetic expansion}{24}
-\entry {arithmetic, shell}{80}
-\entry {arrays}{82}
+\entry {arithmetic, shell}{82}
+\entry {arrays}{84}
\initial {B}
-\entry {background}{91}
-\entry {Bash configuration}{131}
-\entry {Bash installation}{131}
+\entry {background}{93}
+\entry {Bash configuration}{133}
+\entry {Bash installation}{133}
\entry {Bourne shell}{5}
\entry {brace expansion}{19}
\entry {builtin}{3}
\initial {C}
-\entry {command editing}{96}
+\entry {command editing}{98}
\entry {command execution}{31}
\entry {command expansion}{31}
-\entry {command history}{125}
+\entry {command history}{127}
\entry {command search}{31}
\entry {command substitution}{24}
\entry {command timing}{8}
\entry {commands, shell}{8}
\entry {commands, simple}{8}
\entry {comments, shell}{7}
-\entry {completion builtins}{119}
-\entry {configuration}{131}
+\entry {completion builtins}{121}
+\entry {configuration}{133}
\entry {control operator}{3}
\entry {coprocess}{14}
\initial {D}
-\entry {directory stack}{83}
+\entry {directory stack}{85}
\initial {E}
-\entry {editing command lines}{96}
+\entry {editing command lines}{98}
\entry {environment}{33}
-\entry {evaluation, arithmetic}{80}
-\entry {event designators}{127}
+\entry {evaluation, arithmetic}{82}
+\entry {event designators}{129}
\entry {execution environment}{32}
\entry {exit status}{3, 33}
\entry {expansion}{19}
\entry {expansion, parameter}{21}
\entry {expansion, pathname}{25}
\entry {expansion, tilde}{20}
-\entry {expressions, arithmetic}{80}
-\entry {expressions, conditional}{78}
+\entry {expressions, arithmetic}{82}
+\entry {expressions, conditional}{80}
\initial {F}
\entry {field}{3}
\entry {filename}{3}
\entry {filename expansion}{25}
-\entry {foreground}{91}
+\entry {foreground}{93}
\entry {functions, shell}{15}
\initial {H}
-\entry {history builtins}{125}
-\entry {history events}{127}
-\entry {history expansion}{127}
-\entry {history list}{125}
-\entry {History, how to use}{123}
+\entry {history builtins}{127}
+\entry {history events}{129}
+\entry {history expansion}{129}
+\entry {history list}{127}
+\entry {History, how to use}{125}
\initial {I}
\entry {identifier}{3}
-\entry {initialization file, readline}{98}
-\entry {installation}{131}
-\entry {interaction, readline}{95}
-\entry {interactive shell}{75, 76}
+\entry {initialization file, readline}{100}
+\entry {installation}{133}
+\entry {interaction, readline}{97}
+\entry {interactive shell}{77, 78}
\entry {internationalization}{7}
\initial {J}
\entry {job}{3}
-\entry {job control}{3, 91}
+\entry {job control}{3, 93}
\initial {K}
-\entry {kill ring}{97}
-\entry {killing text}{97}
+\entry {kill ring}{99}
+\entry {killing text}{99}
\initial {L}
\entry {localization}{7}
-\entry {login shell}{75}
+\entry {login shell}{77}
\initial {M}
\entry {matching, pattern}{26}
\entry {metacharacter}{3}
\initial {N}
\entry {name}{3}
\entry {native languages}{7}
-\entry {notation, readline}{96}
+\entry {notation, readline}{98}
\initial {O}
\entry {operator, shell}{3}
\initial {P}
\entry {pattern matching}{26}
\entry {pipeline}{8}
\entry {POSIX}{3}
-\entry {POSIX Mode}{86}
+\entry {POSIX Mode}{88}
\entry {process group}{3}
\entry {process group ID}{3}
\entry {process substitution}{24}
-\entry {programmable completion}{117}
-\entry {prompting}{84}
+\entry {programmable completion}{119}
+\entry {prompting}{86}
\initial {Q}
\entry {quoting}{6}
\entry {quoting, ANSI}{6}
\initial {R}
-\entry {Readline, how to use}{94}
+\entry {Readline, how to use}{96}
\entry {redirection}{27}
\entry {reserved word}{3}
-\entry {restricted shell}{86}
+\entry {restricted shell}{88}
\entry {return status}{4}
\initial {S}
-\entry {shell arithmetic}{80}
+\entry {shell arithmetic}{82}
\entry {shell function}{15}
-\entry {shell script}{34}
+\entry {shell script}{35}
\entry {shell variable}{17}
-\entry {shell, interactive}{76}
+\entry {shell, interactive}{78}
\entry {signal}{4}
\entry {signal handling}{34}
\entry {special builtin}{4, 62}
-\entry {startup files}{75}
-\entry {suspending jobs}{91}
+\entry {startup files}{77}
+\entry {suspending jobs}{93}
\initial {T}
\entry {tilde expansion}{20}
\entry {token}{4}
\entry {translation, native languages}{7}
\initial {V}
\entry {variable, shell}{17}
-\entry {variables, readline}{99}
+\entry {variables, readline}{101}
\initial {W}
\entry {word}{4}
\entry {word splitting}{25}
\initial {Y}
-\entry {yanking text}{97}
+\entry {yanking text}{99}
-\entry{beginning-of-line (C-a)}{108}{\code {beginning-of-line (C-a)}}
-\entry{end-of-line (C-e)}{108}{\code {end-of-line (C-e)}}
-\entry{forward-char (C-f)}{108}{\code {forward-char (C-f)}}
-\entry{backward-char (C-b)}{108}{\code {backward-char (C-b)}}
-\entry{forward-word (M-f)}{108}{\code {forward-word (M-f)}}
-\entry{backward-word (M-b)}{108}{\code {backward-word (M-b)}}
-\entry{shell-forward-word ()}{108}{\code {shell-forward-word ()}}
-\entry{shell-backward-word ()}{108}{\code {shell-backward-word ()}}
-\entry{clear-screen (C-l)}{108}{\code {clear-screen (C-l)}}
-\entry{redraw-current-line ()}{108}{\code {redraw-current-line ()}}
-\entry{accept-line (Newline or Return)}{109}{\code {accept-line (Newline or Return)}}
-\entry{previous-history (C-p)}{109}{\code {previous-history (C-p)}}
-\entry{next-history (C-n)}{109}{\code {next-history (C-n)}}
-\entry{beginning-of-history (M-<)}{109}{\code {beginning-of-history (M-<)}}
-\entry{end-of-history (M->)}{109}{\code {end-of-history (M->)}}
-\entry{reverse-search-history (C-r)}{109}{\code {reverse-search-history (C-r)}}
-\entry{forward-search-history (C-s)}{109}{\code {forward-search-history (C-s)}}
-\entry{non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)}{109}{\code {non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)}}
-\entry{non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n)}{109}{\code {non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n)}}
-\entry{history-search-forward ()}{109}{\code {history-search-forward ()}}
-\entry{history-search-backward ()}{109}{\code {history-search-backward ()}}
-\entry{yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)}{109}{\code {yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)}}
-\entry{yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_)}{110}{\code {yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_)}}
-\entry{delete-char (C-d)}{110}{\code {delete-char (C-d)}}
-\entry{backward-delete-char (Rubout)}{110}{\code {backward-delete-char (Rubout)}}
-\entry{forward-backward-delete-char ()}{110}{\code {forward-backward-delete-char ()}}
-\entry{quoted-insert (C-q or C-v)}{110}{\code {quoted-insert (C-q or C-v)}}
-\entry{self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, ...{})}{110}{\code {self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, \dots {})}}
-\entry{transpose-chars (C-t)}{110}{\code {transpose-chars (C-t)}}
-\entry{transpose-words (M-t)}{110}{\code {transpose-words (M-t)}}
-\entry{upcase-word (M-u)}{110}{\code {upcase-word (M-u)}}
-\entry{downcase-word (M-l)}{111}{\code {downcase-word (M-l)}}
-\entry{capitalize-word (M-c)}{111}{\code {capitalize-word (M-c)}}
-\entry{overwrite-mode ()}{111}{\code {overwrite-mode ()}}
-\entry{kill-line (C-k)}{111}{\code {kill-line (C-k)}}
-\entry{backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)}{111}{\code {backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)}}
-\entry{unix-line-discard (C-u)}{111}{\code {unix-line-discard (C-u)}}
-\entry{kill-whole-line ()}{111}{\code {kill-whole-line ()}}
-\entry{kill-word (M-d)}{111}{\code {kill-word (M-d)}}
-\entry{backward-kill-word (M-DEL)}{111}{\code {backward-kill-word (M-\key {DEL})}}
-\entry{shell-kill-word ()}{111}{\code {shell-kill-word ()}}
-\entry{shell-backward-kill-word ()}{111}{\code {shell-backward-kill-word ()}}
-\entry{unix-word-rubout (C-w)}{111}{\code {unix-word-rubout (C-w)}}
-\entry{unix-filename-rubout ()}{112}{\code {unix-filename-rubout ()}}
-\entry{delete-horizontal-space ()}{112}{\code {delete-horizontal-space ()}}
-\entry{kill-region ()}{112}{\code {kill-region ()}}
-\entry{copy-region-as-kill ()}{112}{\code {copy-region-as-kill ()}}
-\entry{copy-backward-word ()}{112}{\code {copy-backward-word ()}}
-\entry{copy-forward-word ()}{112}{\code {copy-forward-word ()}}
-\entry{yank (C-y)}{112}{\code {yank (C-y)}}
-\entry{yank-pop (M-y)}{112}{\code {yank-pop (M-y)}}
-\entry{digit-argument (M-0, M-1, ...{} M--)}{112}{\code {digit-argument (\kbd {M-0}, \kbd {M-1}, \dots {} \kbd {M--})}}
-\entry{universal-argument ()}{112}{\code {universal-argument ()}}
-\entry{complete (TAB)}{112}{\code {complete (\key {TAB})}}
-\entry{possible-completions (M-?)}{113}{\code {possible-completions (M-?)}}
-\entry{insert-completions (M-*)}{113}{\code {insert-completions (M-*)}}
-\entry{menu-complete ()}{113}{\code {menu-complete ()}}
-\entry{menu-complete-backward ()}{113}{\code {menu-complete-backward ()}}
-\entry{delete-char-or-list ()}{113}{\code {delete-char-or-list ()}}
-\entry{complete-filename (M-/)}{113}{\code {complete-filename (M-/)}}
-\entry{possible-filename-completions (C-x /)}{113}{\code {possible-filename-completions (C-x /)}}
-\entry{complete-username (M-~)}{113}{\code {complete-username (M-~)}}
-\entry{possible-username-completions (C-x ~)}{113}{\code {possible-username-completions (C-x ~)}}
-\entry{complete-variable (M-$)}{113}{\code {complete-variable (M-$)}}
-\entry{possible-variable-completions (C-x $)}{113}{\code {possible-variable-completions (C-x $)}}
-\entry{complete-hostname (M-@)}{113}{\code {complete-hostname (M-@)}}
-\entry{possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)}{114}{\code {possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)}}
-\entry{complete-command (M-!)}{114}{\code {complete-command (M-!)}}
-\entry{possible-command-completions (C-x !)}{114}{\code {possible-command-completions (C-x !)}}
-\entry{dynamic-complete-history (M-TAB)}{114}{\code {dynamic-complete-history (M-\key {TAB})}}
-\entry{dabbrev-expand ()}{114}{\code {dabbrev-expand ()}}
-\entry{complete-into-braces (M-{\tt \char 123})}{114}{\code {complete-into-braces (M-{\tt \char 123})}}
-\entry{start-kbd-macro (C-x ()}{114}{\code {start-kbd-macro (C-x ()}}
-\entry{end-kbd-macro (C-x ))}{114}{\code {end-kbd-macro (C-x ))}}
-\entry{call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)}{114}{\code {call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)}}
-\entry{re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)}{114}{\code {re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)}}
-\entry{abort (C-g)}{114}{\code {abort (C-g)}}
-\entry{do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-x, ...{})}{114}{\code {do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-\var {x}, \dots {})}}
-\entry{prefix-meta (ESC)}{115}{\code {prefix-meta (\key {ESC})}}
-\entry{undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)}{115}{\code {undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)}}
-\entry{revert-line (M-r)}{115}{\code {revert-line (M-r)}}
-\entry{tilde-expand (M-&)}{115}{\code {tilde-expand (M-&)}}
-\entry{set-mark (C-@)}{115}{\code {set-mark (C-@)}}
-\entry{exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)}{115}{\code {exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)}}
-\entry{character-search (C-])}{115}{\code {character-search (C-])}}
-\entry{character-search-backward (M-C-])}{115}{\code {character-search-backward (M-C-])}}
-\entry{skip-csi-sequence ()}{115}{\code {skip-csi-sequence ()}}
-\entry{insert-comment (M-#)}{115}{\code {insert-comment (M-#)}}
-\entry{dump-functions ()}{115}{\code {dump-functions ()}}
-\entry{dump-variables ()}{116}{\code {dump-variables ()}}
-\entry{dump-macros ()}{116}{\code {dump-macros ()}}
-\entry{glob-complete-word (M-g)}{116}{\code {glob-complete-word (M-g)}}
-\entry{glob-expand-word (C-x *)}{116}{\code {glob-expand-word (C-x *)}}
-\entry{glob-list-expansions (C-x g)}{116}{\code {glob-list-expansions (C-x g)}}
-\entry{display-shell-version (C-x C-v)}{116}{\code {display-shell-version (C-x C-v)}}
-\entry{shell-expand-line (M-C-e)}{116}{\code {shell-expand-line (M-C-e)}}
-\entry{history-expand-line (M-^)}{116}{\code {history-expand-line (M-^)}}
-\entry{magic-space ()}{116}{\code {magic-space ()}}
-\entry{alias-expand-line ()}{116}{\code {alias-expand-line ()}}
-\entry{history-and-alias-expand-line ()}{116}{\code {history-and-alias-expand-line ()}}
-\entry{insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)}{116}{\code {insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)}}
-\entry{operate-and-get-next (C-o)}{116}{\code {operate-and-get-next (C-o)}}
-\entry{edit-and-execute-command (C-xC-e)}{117}{\code {edit-and-execute-command (C-xC-e)}}
+\entry{beginning-of-line (C-a)}{110}{\code {beginning-of-line (C-a)}}
+\entry{end-of-line (C-e)}{110}{\code {end-of-line (C-e)}}
+\entry{forward-char (C-f)}{110}{\code {forward-char (C-f)}}
+\entry{backward-char (C-b)}{110}{\code {backward-char (C-b)}}
+\entry{forward-word (M-f)}{110}{\code {forward-word (M-f)}}
+\entry{backward-word (M-b)}{110}{\code {backward-word (M-b)}}
+\entry{shell-forward-word ()}{110}{\code {shell-forward-word ()}}
+\entry{shell-backward-word ()}{110}{\code {shell-backward-word ()}}
+\entry{clear-screen (C-l)}{110}{\code {clear-screen (C-l)}}
+\entry{redraw-current-line ()}{110}{\code {redraw-current-line ()}}
+\entry{accept-line (Newline or Return)}{111}{\code {accept-line (Newline or Return)}}
+\entry{previous-history (C-p)}{111}{\code {previous-history (C-p)}}
+\entry{next-history (C-n)}{111}{\code {next-history (C-n)}}
+\entry{beginning-of-history (M-<)}{111}{\code {beginning-of-history (M-<)}}
+\entry{end-of-history (M->)}{111}{\code {end-of-history (M->)}}
+\entry{reverse-search-history (C-r)}{111}{\code {reverse-search-history (C-r)}}
+\entry{forward-search-history (C-s)}{111}{\code {forward-search-history (C-s)}}
+\entry{non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)}{111}{\code {non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)}}
+\entry{non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n)}{111}{\code {non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n)}}
+\entry{history-search-forward ()}{111}{\code {history-search-forward ()}}
+\entry{history-search-backward ()}{111}{\code {history-search-backward ()}}
+\entry{history-substr-search-forward ()}{111}{\code {history-substr-search-forward ()}}
+\entry{history-substr-search-backward ()}{112}{\code {history-substr-search-backward ()}}
+\entry{yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)}{112}{\code {yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)}}
+\entry{yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_)}{112}{\code {yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_)}}
+\entry{delete-char (C-d)}{112}{\code {delete-char (C-d)}}
+\entry{backward-delete-char (Rubout)}{112}{\code {backward-delete-char (Rubout)}}
+\entry{forward-backward-delete-char ()}{112}{\code {forward-backward-delete-char ()}}
+\entry{quoted-insert (C-q or C-v)}{112}{\code {quoted-insert (C-q or C-v)}}
+\entry{self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, ...{})}{112}{\code {self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, \dots {})}}
+\entry{transpose-chars (C-t)}{113}{\code {transpose-chars (C-t)}}
+\entry{transpose-words (M-t)}{113}{\code {transpose-words (M-t)}}
+\entry{upcase-word (M-u)}{113}{\code {upcase-word (M-u)}}
+\entry{downcase-word (M-l)}{113}{\code {downcase-word (M-l)}}
+\entry{capitalize-word (M-c)}{113}{\code {capitalize-word (M-c)}}
+\entry{overwrite-mode ()}{113}{\code {overwrite-mode ()}}
+\entry{kill-line (C-k)}{113}{\code {kill-line (C-k)}}
+\entry{backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)}{113}{\code {backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)}}
+\entry{unix-line-discard (C-u)}{113}{\code {unix-line-discard (C-u)}}
+\entry{kill-whole-line ()}{113}{\code {kill-whole-line ()}}
+\entry{kill-word (M-d)}{113}{\code {kill-word (M-d)}}
+\entry{backward-kill-word (M-DEL)}{114}{\code {backward-kill-word (M-\key {DEL})}}
+\entry{shell-kill-word ()}{114}{\code {shell-kill-word ()}}
+\entry{shell-backward-kill-word ()}{114}{\code {shell-backward-kill-word ()}}
+\entry{unix-word-rubout (C-w)}{114}{\code {unix-word-rubout (C-w)}}
+\entry{unix-filename-rubout ()}{114}{\code {unix-filename-rubout ()}}
+\entry{delete-horizontal-space ()}{114}{\code {delete-horizontal-space ()}}
+\entry{kill-region ()}{114}{\code {kill-region ()}}
+\entry{copy-region-as-kill ()}{114}{\code {copy-region-as-kill ()}}
+\entry{copy-backward-word ()}{114}{\code {copy-backward-word ()}}
+\entry{copy-forward-word ()}{114}{\code {copy-forward-word ()}}
+\entry{yank (C-y)}{114}{\code {yank (C-y)}}
+\entry{yank-pop (M-y)}{114}{\code {yank-pop (M-y)}}
+\entry{digit-argument (M-0, M-1, ...{} M--)}{114}{\code {digit-argument (\kbd {M-0}, \kbd {M-1}, \dots {} \kbd {M--})}}
+\entry{universal-argument ()}{114}{\code {universal-argument ()}}
+\entry{complete (TAB)}{115}{\code {complete (\key {TAB})}}
+\entry{possible-completions (M-?)}{115}{\code {possible-completions (M-?)}}
+\entry{insert-completions (M-*)}{115}{\code {insert-completions (M-*)}}
+\entry{menu-complete ()}{115}{\code {menu-complete ()}}
+\entry{menu-complete-backward ()}{115}{\code {menu-complete-backward ()}}
+\entry{delete-char-or-list ()}{115}{\code {delete-char-or-list ()}}
+\entry{complete-filename (M-/)}{115}{\code {complete-filename (M-/)}}
+\entry{possible-filename-completions (C-x /)}{115}{\code {possible-filename-completions (C-x /)}}
+\entry{complete-username (M-~)}{116}{\code {complete-username (M-~)}}
+\entry{possible-username-completions (C-x ~)}{116}{\code {possible-username-completions (C-x ~)}}
+\entry{complete-variable (M-$)}{116}{\code {complete-variable (M-$)}}
+\entry{possible-variable-completions (C-x $)}{116}{\code {possible-variable-completions (C-x $)}}
+\entry{complete-hostname (M-@)}{116}{\code {complete-hostname (M-@)}}
+\entry{possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)}{116}{\code {possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)}}
+\entry{complete-command (M-!)}{116}{\code {complete-command (M-!)}}
+\entry{possible-command-completions (C-x !)}{116}{\code {possible-command-completions (C-x !)}}
+\entry{dynamic-complete-history (M-TAB)}{116}{\code {dynamic-complete-history (M-\key {TAB})}}
+\entry{dabbrev-expand ()}{116}{\code {dabbrev-expand ()}}
+\entry{complete-into-braces (M-{\tt \char 123})}{116}{\code {complete-into-braces (M-{\tt \char 123})}}
+\entry{start-kbd-macro (C-x ()}{116}{\code {start-kbd-macro (C-x ()}}
+\entry{end-kbd-macro (C-x ))}{116}{\code {end-kbd-macro (C-x ))}}
+\entry{call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)}{116}{\code {call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)}}
+\entry{re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)}{117}{\code {re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)}}
+\entry{abort (C-g)}{117}{\code {abort (C-g)}}
+\entry{do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-x, ...{})}{117}{\code {do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-\var {x}, \dots {})}}
+\entry{prefix-meta (ESC)}{117}{\code {prefix-meta (\key {ESC})}}
+\entry{undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)}{117}{\code {undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)}}
+\entry{revert-line (M-r)}{117}{\code {revert-line (M-r)}}
+\entry{tilde-expand (M-&)}{117}{\code {tilde-expand (M-&)}}
+\entry{set-mark (C-@)}{117}{\code {set-mark (C-@)}}
+\entry{exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)}{117}{\code {exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)}}
+\entry{character-search (C-])}{117}{\code {character-search (C-])}}
+\entry{character-search-backward (M-C-])}{117}{\code {character-search-backward (M-C-])}}
+\entry{skip-csi-sequence ()}{117}{\code {skip-csi-sequence ()}}
+\entry{insert-comment (M-#)}{117}{\code {insert-comment (M-#)}}
+\entry{dump-functions ()}{118}{\code {dump-functions ()}}
+\entry{dump-variables ()}{118}{\code {dump-variables ()}}
+\entry{dump-macros ()}{118}{\code {dump-macros ()}}
+\entry{glob-complete-word (M-g)}{118}{\code {glob-complete-word (M-g)}}
+\entry{glob-expand-word (C-x *)}{118}{\code {glob-expand-word (C-x *)}}
+\entry{glob-list-expansions (C-x g)}{118}{\code {glob-list-expansions (C-x g)}}
+\entry{display-shell-version (C-x C-v)}{118}{\code {display-shell-version (C-x C-v)}}
+\entry{shell-expand-line (M-C-e)}{118}{\code {shell-expand-line (M-C-e)}}
+\entry{history-expand-line (M-^)}{118}{\code {history-expand-line (M-^)}}
+\entry{magic-space ()}{118}{\code {magic-space ()}}
+\entry{alias-expand-line ()}{119}{\code {alias-expand-line ()}}
+\entry{history-and-alias-expand-line ()}{119}{\code {history-and-alias-expand-line ()}}
+\entry{insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)}{119}{\code {insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)}}
+\entry{operate-and-get-next (C-o)}{119}{\code {operate-and-get-next (C-o)}}
+\entry{edit-and-execute-command (C-xC-e)}{119}{\code {edit-and-execute-command (C-xC-e)}}
\initial {A}
-\entry {\code {abort (C-g)}}{114}
-\entry {\code {accept-line (Newline or Return)}}{109}
-\entry {\code {alias-expand-line ()}}{116}
+\entry {\code {abort (C-g)}}{117}
+\entry {\code {accept-line (Newline or Return)}}{111}
+\entry {\code {alias-expand-line ()}}{119}
\initial {B}
-\entry {\code {backward-char (C-b)}}{108}
-\entry {\code {backward-delete-char (Rubout)}}{110}
-\entry {\code {backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)}}{111}
-\entry {\code {backward-kill-word (M-\key {DEL})}}{111}
-\entry {\code {backward-word (M-b)}}{108}
-\entry {\code {beginning-of-history (M-<)}}{109}
-\entry {\code {beginning-of-line (C-a)}}{108}
+\entry {\code {backward-char (C-b)}}{110}
+\entry {\code {backward-delete-char (Rubout)}}{112}
+\entry {\code {backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)}}{113}
+\entry {\code {backward-kill-word (M-\key {DEL})}}{114}
+\entry {\code {backward-word (M-b)}}{110}
+\entry {\code {beginning-of-history (M-<)}}{111}
+\entry {\code {beginning-of-line (C-a)}}{110}
\initial {C}
-\entry {\code {call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)}}{114}
-\entry {\code {capitalize-word (M-c)}}{111}
-\entry {\code {character-search (C-])}}{115}
-\entry {\code {character-search-backward (M-C-])}}{115}
-\entry {\code {clear-screen (C-l)}}{108}
-\entry {\code {complete (\key {TAB})}}{112}
-\entry {\code {complete-command (M-!)}}{114}
-\entry {\code {complete-filename (M-/)}}{113}
-\entry {\code {complete-hostname (M-@)}}{113}
-\entry {\code {complete-into-braces (M-{\tt \char 123})}}{114}
-\entry {\code {complete-username (M-~)}}{113}
-\entry {\code {complete-variable (M-$)}}{113}
-\entry {\code {copy-backward-word ()}}{112}
-\entry {\code {copy-forward-word ()}}{112}
-\entry {\code {copy-region-as-kill ()}}{112}
+\entry {\code {call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)}}{116}
+\entry {\code {capitalize-word (M-c)}}{113}
+\entry {\code {character-search (C-])}}{117}
+\entry {\code {character-search-backward (M-C-])}}{117}
+\entry {\code {clear-screen (C-l)}}{110}
+\entry {\code {complete (\key {TAB})}}{115}
+\entry {\code {complete-command (M-!)}}{116}
+\entry {\code {complete-filename (M-/)}}{115}
+\entry {\code {complete-hostname (M-@)}}{116}
+\entry {\code {complete-into-braces (M-{\tt \char 123})}}{116}
+\entry {\code {complete-username (M-~)}}{116}
+\entry {\code {complete-variable (M-$)}}{116}
+\entry {\code {copy-backward-word ()}}{114}
+\entry {\code {copy-forward-word ()}}{114}
+\entry {\code {copy-region-as-kill ()}}{114}
\initial {D}
-\entry {\code {dabbrev-expand ()}}{114}
-\entry {\code {delete-char (C-d)}}{110}
-\entry {\code {delete-char-or-list ()}}{113}
-\entry {\code {delete-horizontal-space ()}}{112}
-\entry {\code {digit-argument (\kbd {M-0}, \kbd {M-1}, \dots {} \kbd {M--})}}{112}
-\entry {\code {display-shell-version (C-x C-v)}}{116}
-\entry {\code {do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-\var {x}, \dots {})}}{114}
-\entry {\code {downcase-word (M-l)}}{111}
-\entry {\code {dump-functions ()}}{115}
-\entry {\code {dump-macros ()}}{116}
-\entry {\code {dump-variables ()}}{116}
-\entry {\code {dynamic-complete-history (M-\key {TAB})}}{114}
+\entry {\code {dabbrev-expand ()}}{116}
+\entry {\code {delete-char (C-d)}}{112}
+\entry {\code {delete-char-or-list ()}}{115}
+\entry {\code {delete-horizontal-space ()}}{114}
+\entry {\code {digit-argument (\kbd {M-0}, \kbd {M-1}, \dots {} \kbd {M--})}}{114}
+\entry {\code {display-shell-version (C-x C-v)}}{118}
+\entry {\code {do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-\var {x}, \dots {})}}{117}
+\entry {\code {downcase-word (M-l)}}{113}
+\entry {\code {dump-functions ()}}{118}
+\entry {\code {dump-macros ()}}{118}
+\entry {\code {dump-variables ()}}{118}
+\entry {\code {dynamic-complete-history (M-\key {TAB})}}{116}
\initial {E}
-\entry {\code {edit-and-execute-command (C-xC-e)}}{117}
-\entry {\code {end-kbd-macro (C-x ))}}{114}
-\entry {\code {end-of-history (M->)}}{109}
-\entry {\code {end-of-line (C-e)}}{108}
-\entry {\code {exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)}}{115}
+\entry {\code {edit-and-execute-command (C-xC-e)}}{119}
+\entry {\code {end-kbd-macro (C-x ))}}{116}
+\entry {\code {end-of-history (M->)}}{111}
+\entry {\code {end-of-line (C-e)}}{110}
+\entry {\code {exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)}}{117}
\initial {F}
-\entry {\code {forward-backward-delete-char ()}}{110}
-\entry {\code {forward-char (C-f)}}{108}
-\entry {\code {forward-search-history (C-s)}}{109}
-\entry {\code {forward-word (M-f)}}{108}
+\entry {\code {forward-backward-delete-char ()}}{112}
+\entry {\code {forward-char (C-f)}}{110}
+\entry {\code {forward-search-history (C-s)}}{111}
+\entry {\code {forward-word (M-f)}}{110}
\initial {G}
-\entry {\code {glob-complete-word (M-g)}}{116}
-\entry {\code {glob-expand-word (C-x *)}}{116}
-\entry {\code {glob-list-expansions (C-x g)}}{116}
+\entry {\code {glob-complete-word (M-g)}}{118}
+\entry {\code {glob-expand-word (C-x *)}}{118}
+\entry {\code {glob-list-expansions (C-x g)}}{118}
\initial {H}
-\entry {\code {history-and-alias-expand-line ()}}{116}
-\entry {\code {history-expand-line (M-^)}}{116}
-\entry {\code {history-search-backward ()}}{109}
-\entry {\code {history-search-forward ()}}{109}
+\entry {\code {history-and-alias-expand-line ()}}{119}
+\entry {\code {history-expand-line (M-^)}}{118}
+\entry {\code {history-search-backward ()}}{111}
+\entry {\code {history-search-forward ()}}{111}
+\entry {\code {history-substr-search-backward ()}}{112}
+\entry {\code {history-substr-search-forward ()}}{111}
\initial {I}
-\entry {\code {insert-comment (M-#)}}{115}
-\entry {\code {insert-completions (M-*)}}{113}
-\entry {\code {insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)}}{116}
+\entry {\code {insert-comment (M-#)}}{117}
+\entry {\code {insert-completions (M-*)}}{115}
+\entry {\code {insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)}}{119}
\initial {K}
-\entry {\code {kill-line (C-k)}}{111}
-\entry {\code {kill-region ()}}{112}
-\entry {\code {kill-whole-line ()}}{111}
-\entry {\code {kill-word (M-d)}}{111}
+\entry {\code {kill-line (C-k)}}{113}
+\entry {\code {kill-region ()}}{114}
+\entry {\code {kill-whole-line ()}}{113}
+\entry {\code {kill-word (M-d)}}{113}
\initial {M}
-\entry {\code {magic-space ()}}{116}
-\entry {\code {menu-complete ()}}{113}
-\entry {\code {menu-complete-backward ()}}{113}
+\entry {\code {magic-space ()}}{118}
+\entry {\code {menu-complete ()}}{115}
+\entry {\code {menu-complete-backward ()}}{115}
\initial {N}
-\entry {\code {next-history (C-n)}}{109}
-\entry {\code {non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n)}}{109}
-\entry {\code {non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)}}{109}
+\entry {\code {next-history (C-n)}}{111}
+\entry {\code {non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n)}}{111}
+\entry {\code {non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)}}{111}
\initial {O}
-\entry {\code {operate-and-get-next (C-o)}}{116}
-\entry {\code {overwrite-mode ()}}{111}
+\entry {\code {operate-and-get-next (C-o)}}{119}
+\entry {\code {overwrite-mode ()}}{113}
\initial {P}
-\entry {\code {possible-command-completions (C-x !)}}{114}
-\entry {\code {possible-completions (M-?)}}{113}
-\entry {\code {possible-filename-completions (C-x /)}}{113}
-\entry {\code {possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)}}{114}
-\entry {\code {possible-username-completions (C-x ~)}}{113}
-\entry {\code {possible-variable-completions (C-x $)}}{113}
-\entry {\code {prefix-meta (\key {ESC})}}{115}
-\entry {\code {previous-history (C-p)}}{109}
+\entry {\code {possible-command-completions (C-x !)}}{116}
+\entry {\code {possible-completions (M-?)}}{115}
+\entry {\code {possible-filename-completions (C-x /)}}{115}
+\entry {\code {possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)}}{116}
+\entry {\code {possible-username-completions (C-x ~)}}{116}
+\entry {\code {possible-variable-completions (C-x $)}}{116}
+\entry {\code {prefix-meta (\key {ESC})}}{117}
+\entry {\code {previous-history (C-p)}}{111}
\initial {Q}
-\entry {\code {quoted-insert (C-q or C-v)}}{110}
+\entry {\code {quoted-insert (C-q or C-v)}}{112}
\initial {R}
-\entry {\code {re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)}}{114}
-\entry {\code {redraw-current-line ()}}{108}
-\entry {\code {reverse-search-history (C-r)}}{109}
-\entry {\code {revert-line (M-r)}}{115}
+\entry {\code {re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)}}{117}
+\entry {\code {redraw-current-line ()}}{110}
+\entry {\code {reverse-search-history (C-r)}}{111}
+\entry {\code {revert-line (M-r)}}{117}
\initial {S}
-\entry {\code {self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, \dots {})}}{110}
-\entry {\code {set-mark (C-@)}}{115}
-\entry {\code {shell-backward-kill-word ()}}{111}
-\entry {\code {shell-backward-word ()}}{108}
-\entry {\code {shell-expand-line (M-C-e)}}{116}
-\entry {\code {shell-forward-word ()}}{108}
-\entry {\code {shell-kill-word ()}}{111}
-\entry {\code {skip-csi-sequence ()}}{115}
-\entry {\code {start-kbd-macro (C-x ()}}{114}
+\entry {\code {self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, \dots {})}}{112}
+\entry {\code {set-mark (C-@)}}{117}
+\entry {\code {shell-backward-kill-word ()}}{114}
+\entry {\code {shell-backward-word ()}}{110}
+\entry {\code {shell-expand-line (M-C-e)}}{118}
+\entry {\code {shell-forward-word ()}}{110}
+\entry {\code {shell-kill-word ()}}{114}
+\entry {\code {skip-csi-sequence ()}}{117}
+\entry {\code {start-kbd-macro (C-x ()}}{116}
\initial {T}
-\entry {\code {tilde-expand (M-&)}}{115}
-\entry {\code {transpose-chars (C-t)}}{110}
-\entry {\code {transpose-words (M-t)}}{110}
+\entry {\code {tilde-expand (M-&)}}{117}
+\entry {\code {transpose-chars (C-t)}}{113}
+\entry {\code {transpose-words (M-t)}}{113}
\initial {U}
-\entry {\code {undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)}}{115}
-\entry {\code {universal-argument ()}}{112}
-\entry {\code {unix-filename-rubout ()}}{112}
-\entry {\code {unix-line-discard (C-u)}}{111}
-\entry {\code {unix-word-rubout (C-w)}}{111}
-\entry {\code {upcase-word (M-u)}}{110}
+\entry {\code {undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)}}{117}
+\entry {\code {universal-argument ()}}{114}
+\entry {\code {unix-filename-rubout ()}}{114}
+\entry {\code {unix-line-discard (C-u)}}{113}
+\entry {\code {unix-word-rubout (C-w)}}{114}
+\entry {\code {upcase-word (M-u)}}{113}
\initial {Y}
-\entry {\code {yank (C-y)}}{112}
-\entry {\code {yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_)}}{110}
-\entry {\code {yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)}}{109}
-\entry {\code {yank-pop (M-y)}}{112}
+\entry {\code {yank (C-y)}}{114}
+\entry {\code {yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_)}}{112}
+\entry {\code {yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)}}{112}
+\entry {\code {yank-pop (M-y)}}{114}
<HTML>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
-<!-- Created on April, 11 2011 by texi2html 1.64 -->
+<!-- Created on July, 8 2011 by texi2html 1.64 -->
<!--
Written by: Lionel Cons <Lionel.Cons@cern.ch> (original author)
Karl Berry <karl@freefriends.org>
<H1>Bash Reference Manual</H1></P><P>
This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
-the Bash shell (version 4.2, 11 April 2011).
+the Bash shell (version 4.2, 7 July 2011).
</P><P>
-This is Edition 4.2, last updated 11 April 2011,
+This is Edition 4.2, last updated 7 July 2011,
of <CITE>The GNU Bash Reference Manual</CITE>,
for <CODE>Bash</CODE>, Version 4.2.
</P><P>
commands (<EM>builtins</EM>) implementing functionality impossible
or inconvenient to obtain via separate utilities.
For example, <CODE>cd</CODE>, <CODE>break</CODE>, <CODE>continue</CODE>, and
-<CODE>exec</CODE>) cannot be implemented outside of the shell because
+<CODE>exec</CODE> cannot be implemented outside of the shell because
they directly manipulate the shell itself.
The <CODE>history</CODE>, <CODE>getopts</CODE>, <CODE>kill</CODE>, or <CODE>pwd</CODE>
builtins, among others, could be implemented in separate utilities,
apply to all commands within that compound command unless explicitly overridden.
</P><P>
+In most cases a list of commands in a compound command's description may be
+separated from the rest of the command by one or more newlines, and may be
+followed by a newline in place of a semicolon.
+</P><P>
+
Bash provides looping constructs, conditional commands, and mechanisms
to group commands and execute them as a unit.
</P><P>
If one of these characters appears, then the word is
regarded as a <VAR>pattern</VAR>,
and replaced with an alphabetically sorted list of
-file names matching the pattern. If no matching file names are found,
+file names matching the pattern (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC38">3.5.8.1 Pattern Matching</A>).
+If no matching file names are found,
and the shell option <CODE>nullglob</CODE> is disabled, the word is left
unchanged.
If the <CODE>nullglob</CODE> option is set, and no matches are found, the word
in the set. A <SAMP>`]'</SAMP> may be matched by including it as the first
character in the set.
The sorting order of characters in range expressions is determined by
-the current locale and the value of the <CODE>LC_COLLATE</CODE> shell variable,
-if set.
+the current locale and the values of the
+<CODE>LC_COLLATE</CODE> and <CODE>LC_ALL</CODE> shell variables, if set.
<P>
For example, in the default C locale, <SAMP>`[a-dx-z]'</SAMP> is equivalent to
it might be equivalent to <SAMP>`[aBbCcDdxXyYz]'</SAMP>, for example. To obtain
the traditional interpretation of ranges in bracket expressions, you can
force the use of the C locale by setting the <CODE>LC_COLLATE</CODE> or
-<CODE>LC_ALL</CODE> environment variable to the value <SAMP>`C'</SAMP>.
+<CODE>LC_ALL</CODE> environment variable to the value <SAMP>`C'</SAMP>, or enable the
+<CODE>globasciiranges</CODE> shell option.
</P><P>
Within <SAMP>`['</SAMP> and <SAMP>`]'</SAMP>, <VAR>character classes</VAR> can be specified
<DD><A NAME="IDX88"></A>
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>unset [-fv] [<VAR>name</VAR>]
</pre></td></tr></table>Each variable or function <VAR>name</VAR> is removed.
-If no options are supplied, or the <SAMP>`-v'</SAMP> option is given, each
-<VAR>name</VAR> refers to a shell variable.
+If the <SAMP>`-v'</SAMP> option is given, each
+<VAR>name</VAR> refers to a shell variable and that variable is remvoved.
If the <SAMP>`-f'</SAMP> option is given, the <VAR>name</VAR>s refer to shell
functions, and the function definition is removed.
+If no options are supplied, each <VAR>name</VAR> refers to a variable; if
+there is no variable by that name, any function with that name is
+unset.
Readonly variables and functions may not be unset.
The return status is zero unless a <VAR>name</VAR> is readonly.
</DL>
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>echo [-neE] [<VAR>arg</VAR> <small>...</small>]
</pre></td></tr></table>Output the <VAR>arg</VAR>s, separated by spaces, terminated with a
newline.
-The return status is always 0.
+The return status is 0 unless a write error occurs.
If <SAMP>`-n'</SAMP> is specified, the trailing newline is suppressed.
If the <SAMP>`-e'</SAMP> option is given, interpretation of the following
backslash-escaped characters is enabled.
<DT><CODE>-m</CODE>
<DD>Job control is enabled (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC92">7. Job Control</A>).
+All processes run in a separate process group.
+When a background job completes, the shell prints a line
+containing its exit status.
<P>
<DT><CODE>-n</CODE>
<DT><CODE>checkwinsize</CODE>
<DD>If set, Bash checks the window size after each command
-and, if necessary, updates the values of
+ and, if necessary, updates the values of
<CODE>LINES</CODE> and <CODE>COLUMNS</CODE>.
<P>
The default Bash behavior remains as in previous versions.
<P>
+<DT><CODE>direxpand</CODE>
+<DD>If set, Bash
+replaces directory names with the results of word expansion when performing
+filename completion. This changes the contents of the readline editing
+buffer.
+If not set, Bash attempts to preserve what the user typed.
+<P>
+
<DT><CODE>dirspell</CODE>
<DD>If set, Bash
attempts spelling correction on directory names during word completion
This option is enabled by default.
<P>
+<DT><CODE>globasciiranges</CODE>
+<DD>If set, range expressions used in pattern matching (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC38">3.5.8.1 Pattern Matching</A>)
+behave as if in the traditional C locale when performing
+comparisons. That is, the current locale's collating sequence
+is not taken into account, so
+<SAMP>`b'</SAMP> will not collate between <SAMP>`A'</SAMP> and <SAMP>`B'</SAMP>,
+and upper-case and lower-case ASCII characters will collate together.
+<P>
+
<DT><CODE>globstar</CODE>
<DD>If set, the pattern <SAMP>`**'</SAMP> used in a filename expansion context will
match all files and zero or more directories and subdirectories.
<DT><CODE>COLUMNS</CODE>
<DD><A NAME="IDX167"></A>
Used by the <CODE>select</CODE> command to determine the terminal width
-when printing selection lists. Automatically set upon receipt of a
+when printing selection lists. Automatically set by an interactive shell
+upon receipt of a
<CODE>SIGWINCH</CODE>.
<P>
<DT><CODE>LINES</CODE>
<DD><A NAME="IDX247"></A>
Used by the <CODE>select</CODE> command to determine the column length
-for printing selection lists. Automatically set upon receipt of a
+for printing selection lists. Automatically set by an interactive shell
+upon receipt of a
<CODE>SIGWINCH</CODE>.
<P>
Process substitution is not available.
<P>
+<LI>
+While variable indirection is available, it may not be applied to the
+<SAMP>`#'</SAMP> and <SAMP>`?'</SAMP> special parameters.
+<P>
+
<LI>
Assignment statements preceding POSIX special builtins
persist in the shell environment after the builtin completes.
<DD><A NAME="IDX389"></A>
Search forward through the history for the string of characters
between the start of the current line and the point.
+The search string must match at the beginning of a history line.
This is a non-incremental search.
By default, this command is unbound.
<P>
<DT><CODE>history-search-backward ()</CODE>
<DD><A NAME="IDX391"></A>
Search backward through the history for the string of characters
-between the start of the current line and the point. This
-is a non-incremental search. By default, this command is unbound.
+between the start of the current line and the point.
+The search string must match at the beginning of a history line.
+This is a non-incremental search.
+By default, this command is unbound.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX392"></A>
-<DT><CODE>yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)</CODE>
+<DT><CODE>history-substr-search-forward ()</CODE>
<DD><A NAME="IDX393"></A>
+Search forward through the history for the string of characters
+between the start of the current line and the point.
+The search string may match anywhere in a history line.
+This is a non-incremental search.
+By default, this command is unbound.
+<P>
+
+<A NAME="IDX394"></A>
+<DT><CODE>history-substr-search-backward ()</CODE>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX395"></A>
+Search backward through the history for the string of characters
+between the start of the current line and the point.
+The search string may match anywhere in a history line.
+This is a non-incremental search.
+By default, this command is unbound.
+<P>
+
+<A NAME="IDX396"></A>
+<DT><CODE>yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)</CODE>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX397"></A>
Insert the first argument to the previous command (usually
the second word on the previous line) at point.
With an argument <VAR>n</VAR>,
as if the <SAMP>`!<VAR>n</VAR>'</SAMP> history expansion had been specified.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX394"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX398"></A>
<DT><CODE>yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX395"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX399"></A>
Insert last argument to the previous command (the last word of the
previous history entry).
With a numeric argument, behave exactly like <CODE>yank-nth-arg</CODE>.
<P>
<DL COMPACT>
-<A NAME="IDX396"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX400"></A>
<DT><CODE>delete-char (C-d)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX397"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX401"></A>
Delete the character at point. If point is at the
beginning of the line, there are no characters in the line, and
the last character typed was not bound to <CODE>delete-char</CODE>, then
return EOF.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX398"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX402"></A>
<DT><CODE>backward-delete-char (Rubout)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX399"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX403"></A>
Delete the character behind the cursor. A numeric argument means
to kill the characters instead of deleting them.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX400"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX404"></A>
<DT><CODE>forward-backward-delete-char ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX401"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX405"></A>
Delete the character under the cursor, unless the cursor is at the
end of the line, in which case the character behind the cursor is
deleted. By default, this is not bound to a key.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX402"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX406"></A>
<DT><CODE>quoted-insert (C-q or C-v)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX403"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX407"></A>
Add the next character typed to the line verbatim. This is
how to insert key sequences like <KBD>C-q</KBD>, for example.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX404"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX408"></A>
<DT><CODE>self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, <small>...</small>)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX405"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX409"></A>
Insert yourself.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX406"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX410"></A>
<DT><CODE>transpose-chars (C-t)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX407"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX411"></A>
Drag the character before the cursor forward over
the character at the cursor, moving the
cursor forward as well. If the insertion point
Negative arguments have no effect.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX408"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX412"></A>
<DT><CODE>transpose-words (M-t)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX409"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX413"></A>
Drag the word before point past the word after point,
moving point past that word as well.
If the insertion point is at the end of the line, this transposes
the last two words on the line.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX410"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX414"></A>
<DT><CODE>upcase-word (M-u)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX411"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX415"></A>
Uppercase the current (or following) word. With a negative argument,
uppercase the previous word, but do not move the cursor.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX412"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX416"></A>
<DT><CODE>downcase-word (M-l)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX413"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX417"></A>
Lowercase the current (or following) word. With a negative argument,
lowercase the previous word, but do not move the cursor.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX414"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX418"></A>
<DT><CODE>capitalize-word (M-c)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX415"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX419"></A>
Capitalize the current (or following) word. With a negative argument,
capitalize the previous word, but do not move the cursor.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX416"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX420"></A>
<DT><CODE>overwrite-mode ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX417"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX421"></A>
Toggle overwrite mode. With an explicit positive numeric argument,
switches to overwrite mode. With an explicit non-positive numeric
argument, switches to insert mode. This command affects only
<DL COMPACT>
-<A NAME="IDX418"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX422"></A>
<DT><CODE>kill-line (C-k)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX419"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX423"></A>
Kill the text from point to the end of the line.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX420"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX424"></A>
<DT><CODE>backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX421"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX425"></A>
Kill backward to the beginning of the line.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX422"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX426"></A>
<DT><CODE>unix-line-discard (C-u)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX423"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX427"></A>
Kill backward from the cursor to the beginning of the current line.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX424"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX428"></A>
<DT><CODE>kill-whole-line ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX425"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX429"></A>
Kill all characters on the current line, no matter where point is.
By default, this is unbound.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX426"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX430"></A>
<DT><CODE>kill-word (M-d)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX427"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX431"></A>
Kill from point to the end of the current word, or if between
words, to the end of the next word.
Word boundaries are the same as <CODE>forward-word</CODE>.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX428"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX432"></A>
<DT><CODE>backward-kill-word (M-<KBD>DEL</KBD>)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX429"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX433"></A>
Kill the word behind point.
Word boundaries are the same as <CODE>backward-word</CODE>.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX430"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX434"></A>
<DT><CODE>shell-kill-word ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX431"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX435"></A>
Kill from point to the end of the current word, or if between
words, to the end of the next word.
Word boundaries are the same as <CODE>shell-forward-word</CODE>.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX432"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX436"></A>
<DT><CODE>shell-backward-kill-word ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX433"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX437"></A>
Kill the word behind point.
Word boundaries are the same as <CODE>shell-backward-word</CODE>.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX434"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX438"></A>
<DT><CODE>unix-word-rubout (C-w)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX435"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX439"></A>
Kill the word behind point, using white space as a word boundary.
The killed text is saved on the kill-ring.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX436"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX440"></A>
<DT><CODE>unix-filename-rubout ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX437"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX441"></A>
Kill the word behind point, using white space and the slash character
as the word boundaries.
The killed text is saved on the kill-ring.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX438"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX442"></A>
<DT><CODE>delete-horizontal-space ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX439"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX443"></A>
Delete all spaces and tabs around point. By default, this is unbound.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX440"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX444"></A>
<DT><CODE>kill-region ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX441"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX445"></A>
Kill the text in the current region.
By default, this command is unbound.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX442"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX446"></A>
<DT><CODE>copy-region-as-kill ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX443"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX447"></A>
Copy the text in the region to the kill buffer, so it can be yanked
right away. By default, this command is unbound.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX444"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX448"></A>
<DT><CODE>copy-backward-word ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX445"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX449"></A>
Copy the word before point to the kill buffer.
The word boundaries are the same as <CODE>backward-word</CODE>.
By default, this command is unbound.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX446"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX450"></A>
<DT><CODE>copy-forward-word ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX447"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX451"></A>
Copy the word following point to the kill buffer.
The word boundaries are the same as <CODE>forward-word</CODE>.
By default, this command is unbound.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX448"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX452"></A>
<DT><CODE>yank (C-y)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX449"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX453"></A>
Yank the top of the kill ring into the buffer at point.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX450"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX454"></A>
<DT><CODE>yank-pop (M-y)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX451"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX455"></A>
Rotate the kill-ring, and yank the new top. You can only do this if
the prior command is <CODE>yank</CODE> or <CODE>yank-pop</CODE>.
</DL>
<!--docid::SEC113::-->
<DL COMPACT>
-<A NAME="IDX452"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX456"></A>
<DT><CODE>digit-argument (<KBD>M-0</KBD>, <KBD>M-1</KBD>, <small>...</small> <KBD>M--</KBD>)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX453"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX457"></A>
Add this digit to the argument already accumulating, or start a new
argument. <KBD>M--</KBD> starts a negative argument.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX454"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX458"></A>
<DT><CODE>universal-argument ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX455"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX459"></A>
This is another way to specify an argument.
If this command is followed by one or more digits, optionally with a
leading minus sign, those digits define the argument.
<P>
<DL COMPACT>
-<A NAME="IDX456"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX460"></A>
<DT><CODE>complete (<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX457"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX461"></A>
Attempt to perform completion on the text before point.
The actual completion performed is application-specific.
Bash attempts completion treating the text as a variable (if the
of these produces a match, filename completion is attempted.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX458"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX462"></A>
<DT><CODE>possible-completions (M-?)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX459"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX463"></A>
List the possible completions of the text before point.
When displaying completions, Readline sets the number of columns used
for display to the value of <CODE>completion-display-width</CODE>, the value of
the environment variable <CODE>COLUMNS</CODE>, or the screen width, in that order.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX460"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX464"></A>
<DT><CODE>insert-completions (M-*)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX461"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX465"></A>
Insert all completions of the text before point that would have
been generated by <CODE>possible-completions</CODE>.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX462"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX466"></A>
<DT><CODE>menu-complete ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX463"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX467"></A>
Similar to <CODE>complete</CODE>, but replaces the word to be completed
with a single match from the list of possible completions.
Repeated execution of <CODE>menu-complete</CODE> steps through the list
by default.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX464"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX468"></A>
<DT><CODE>menu-complete-backward ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX465"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX469"></A>
Identical to <CODE>menu-complete</CODE>, but moves backward through the list
of possible completions, as if <CODE>menu-complete</CODE> had been given a
negative argument.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX466"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX470"></A>
<DT><CODE>delete-char-or-list ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX467"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX471"></A>
Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the beginning or
end of the line (like <CODE>delete-char</CODE>).
If at the end of the line, behaves identically to
This command is unbound by default.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX468"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX472"></A>
<DT><CODE>complete-filename (M-/)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX469"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX473"></A>
Attempt filename completion on the text before point.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX470"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX474"></A>
<DT><CODE>possible-filename-completions (C-x /)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX471"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX475"></A>
List the possible completions of the text before point,
treating it as a filename.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX472"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX476"></A>
<DT><CODE>complete-username (M-~)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX473"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX477"></A>
Attempt completion on the text before point, treating
it as a username.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX474"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX478"></A>
<DT><CODE>possible-username-completions (C-x ~)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX475"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX479"></A>
List the possible completions of the text before point,
treating it as a username.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX476"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX480"></A>
<DT><CODE>complete-variable (M-$)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX477"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX481"></A>
Attempt completion on the text before point, treating
it as a shell variable.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX478"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX482"></A>
<DT><CODE>possible-variable-completions (C-x $)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX479"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX483"></A>
List the possible completions of the text before point,
treating it as a shell variable.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX480"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX484"></A>
<DT><CODE>complete-hostname (M-@)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX481"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX485"></A>
Attempt completion on the text before point, treating
it as a hostname.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX482"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX486"></A>
<DT><CODE>possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX483"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX487"></A>
List the possible completions of the text before point,
treating it as a hostname.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX484"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX488"></A>
<DT><CODE>complete-command (M-!)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX485"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX489"></A>
Attempt completion on the text before point, treating
it as a command name. Command completion attempts to
match the text against aliases, reserved words, shell
in that order.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX486"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX490"></A>
<DT><CODE>possible-command-completions (C-x !)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX487"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX491"></A>
List the possible completions of the text before point,
treating it as a command name.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX488"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX492"></A>
<DT><CODE>dynamic-complete-history (M-<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX489"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX493"></A>
Attempt completion on the text before point, comparing
the text against lines from the history list for possible
completion matches.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX490"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX494"></A>
<DT><CODE>dabbrev-expand ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX491"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX495"></A>
Attempt menu completion on the text before point, comparing
the text against lines from the history list for possible
completion matches.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX492"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX496"></A>
<DT><CODE>complete-into-braces (M-{)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX493"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX497"></A>
Perform filename completion and insert the list of possible completions
enclosed within braces so the list is available to the shell
(see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC30">3.5.1 Brace Expansion</A>).
<!--docid::SEC115::-->
<DL COMPACT>
-<A NAME="IDX494"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX498"></A>
<DT><CODE>start-kbd-macro (C-x ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX495"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX499"></A>
Begin saving the characters typed into the current keyboard macro.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX496"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX500"></A>
<DT><CODE>end-kbd-macro (C-x ))</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX497"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX501"></A>
Stop saving the characters typed into the current keyboard macro
and save the definition.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX498"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX502"></A>
<DT><CODE>call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX499"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX503"></A>
Re-execute the last keyboard macro defined, by making the characters
in the macro appear as if typed at the keyboard.
<P>
<!--docid::SEC116::-->
<DL COMPACT>
-<A NAME="IDX500"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX504"></A>
<DT><CODE>re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX501"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX505"></A>
Read in the contents of the <VAR>inputrc</VAR> file, and incorporate
any bindings or variable assignments found there.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX502"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX506"></A>
<DT><CODE>abort (C-g)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX503"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX507"></A>
Abort the current editing command and
ring the terminal's bell (subject to the setting of
<CODE>bell-style</CODE>).
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX504"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX508"></A>
<DT><CODE>do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-<VAR>x</VAR>, <small>...</small>)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX505"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX509"></A>
If the metafied character <VAR>x</VAR> is lowercase, run the command
that is bound to the corresponding uppercase character.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX506"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX510"></A>
<DT><CODE>prefix-meta (<KBD>ESC</KBD>)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX507"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX511"></A>
Metafy the next character typed. This is for keyboards
without a meta key. Typing <SAMP>`<KBD>ESC</KBD> f'</SAMP> is equivalent to typing
<KBD>M-f</KBD>.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX508"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX512"></A>
<DT><CODE>undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX509"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX513"></A>
Incremental undo, separately remembered for each line.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX510"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX514"></A>
<DT><CODE>revert-line (M-r)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX511"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX515"></A>
Undo all changes made to this line. This is like executing the <CODE>undo</CODE>
command enough times to get back to the beginning.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX512"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX516"></A>
<DT><CODE>tilde-expand (M-&)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX513"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX517"></A>
Perform tilde expansion on the current word.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX514"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX518"></A>
<DT><CODE>set-mark (C-@)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX515"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX519"></A>
Set the mark to the point. If a
numeric argument is supplied, the mark is set to that position.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX516"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX520"></A>
<DT><CODE>exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX517"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX521"></A>
Swap the point with the mark. The current cursor position is set to
the saved position, and the old cursor position is saved as the mark.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX518"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX522"></A>
<DT><CODE>character-search (C-])</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX519"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX523"></A>
A character is read and point is moved to the next occurrence of that
character. A negative count searches for previous occurrences.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX520"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX524"></A>
<DT><CODE>character-search-backward (M-C-])</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX521"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX525"></A>
A character is read and point is moved to the previous occurrence
of that character. A negative count searches for subsequent
occurrences.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX522"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX526"></A>
<DT><CODE>skip-csi-sequence ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX523"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX527"></A>
Read enough characters to consume a multi-key sequence such as those
defined for keys like Home and End. Such sequences begin with a
Control Sequence Indicator (CSI), usually ESC-[. If this sequence is
but usually bound to ESC-[.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX524"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX528"></A>
<DT><CODE>insert-comment (M-#)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX525"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX529"></A>
Without a numeric argument, the value of the <CODE>comment-begin</CODE>
variable is inserted at the beginning of the current line.
If a numeric argument is supplied, this command acts as a toggle: if
will be executed by the shell.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX526"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX530"></A>
<DT><CODE>dump-functions ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX527"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX531"></A>
Print all of the functions and their key bindings to the
Readline output stream. If a numeric argument is supplied,
the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part
of an <VAR>inputrc</VAR> file. This command is unbound by default.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX528"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX532"></A>
<DT><CODE>dump-variables ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX529"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX533"></A>
Print all of the settable variables and their values to the
Readline output stream. If a numeric argument is supplied,
the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part
of an <VAR>inputrc</VAR> file. This command is unbound by default.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX530"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX534"></A>
<DT><CODE>dump-macros ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX531"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX535"></A>
Print all of the Readline key sequences bound to macros and the
strings they output. If a numeric argument is supplied,
the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part
of an <VAR>inputrc</VAR> file. This command is unbound by default.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX532"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX536"></A>
<DT><CODE>glob-complete-word (M-g)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX533"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX537"></A>
The word before point is treated as a pattern for pathname expansion,
with an asterisk implicitly appended. This pattern is used to
generate a list of matching file names for possible completions.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX534"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX538"></A>
<DT><CODE>glob-expand-word (C-x *)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX535"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX539"></A>
The word before point is treated as a pattern for pathname expansion,
and the list of matching file names is inserted, replacing the word.
If a numeric argument is supplied, a <SAMP>`*'</SAMP> is appended before
pathname expansion.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX536"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX540"></A>
<DT><CODE>glob-list-expansions (C-x g)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX537"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX541"></A>
The list of expansions that would have been generated by
<CODE>glob-expand-word</CODE> is displayed, and the line is redrawn.
If a numeric argument is supplied, a <SAMP>`*'</SAMP> is appended before
pathname expansion.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX538"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX542"></A>
<DT><CODE>display-shell-version (C-x C-v)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX539"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX543"></A>
Display version information about the current instance of Bash.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX540"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX544"></A>
<DT><CODE>shell-expand-line (M-C-e)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX541"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX545"></A>
Expand the line as the shell does.
This performs alias and history expansion as well as all of the shell
word expansions (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC29">3.5 Shell Expansions</A>).
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX542"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX546"></A>
<DT><CODE>history-expand-line (M-^)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX543"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX547"></A>
Perform history expansion on the current line.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX544"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX548"></A>
<DT><CODE>magic-space ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX545"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX549"></A>
Perform history expansion on the current line and insert a space
(see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC123">9.3 History Expansion</A>).
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX546"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX550"></A>
<DT><CODE>alias-expand-line ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX547"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX551"></A>
Perform alias expansion on the current line (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC85">6.6 Aliases</A>).
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX548"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX552"></A>
<DT><CODE>history-and-alias-expand-line ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX549"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX553"></A>
Perform history and alias expansion on the current line.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX550"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX554"></A>
<DT><CODE>insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX551"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX555"></A>
A synonym for <CODE>yank-last-arg</CODE>.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX552"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX556"></A>
<DT><CODE>operate-and-get-next (C-o)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX553"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX557"></A>
Accept the current line for execution and fetch the next line
relative to the current line from the history for editing. Any
argument is ignored.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX554"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX558"></A>
<DT><CODE>edit-and-execute-command (C-xC-e)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX555"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX559"></A>
Invoke an editor on the current command line, and execute the result as shell
commands.
Bash attempts to invoke
<DL COMPACT>
<DT><CODE>compgen</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX556"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX560"></A>
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre><CODE>compgen [<VAR>option</VAR>] [<VAR>word</VAR>]</CODE>
</pre></td></tr></table><P>
</P><P>
<DT><CODE>complete</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX557"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX561"></A>
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre><CODE>complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o <VAR>comp-option</VAR>] [-DE] [-A <VAR>action</VAR>] [-G <VAR>globpat</VAR>] [-W <VAR>wordlist</VAR>]
[-F <VAR>function</VAR>] [-C <VAR>command</VAR>] [-X <VAR>filterpat</VAR>]
[-P <VAR>prefix</VAR>] [-S <VAR>suffix</VAR>] <VAR>name</VAR> [<VAR>name</VAR> <small>...</small>]</CODE>
</P><P>
<DT><CODE>compopt</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX558"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX562"></A>
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre><CODE>compopt</CODE> [-o <VAR>option</VAR>] [-DE] [+o <VAR>option</VAR>] [<VAR>name</VAR>]
</pre></td></tr></table>Modify completion options for each <VAR>name</VAR> according to the
<VAR>option</VAR>s, or for the currently-executing completion if no <VAR>name</VAR>s
</DL>
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX559"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX563"></A>
</P><P>
<A NAME="Using History Interactively"></A>
<DL COMPACT>
<DT><CODE>fc</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX560"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX564"></A>
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre><CODE>fc [-e <VAR>ename</VAR>] [-lnr] [<VAR>first</VAR>] [<VAR>last</VAR>]</CODE>
<CODE>fc -s [<VAR>pat</VAR>=<VAR>rep</VAR>] [<VAR>command</VAR>]</CODE>
</pre></td></tr></table><P>
</P><P>
<DT><CODE>history</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX561"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX565"></A>
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>history [<VAR>n</VAR>]
history -c
history -d <VAR>offset</VAR>
history list.
Unless the reference is absolute, events are relative to the current
position in the history list.
-<A NAME="IDX562"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX566"></A>
</P><P>
<DL COMPACT>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX92"><CODE>caller</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC61">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX71"><CODE>cd</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX93"><CODE>command</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC61">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
56"><CODE>compgen</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC119">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
57"><CODE>complete</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC119">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
58"><CODE>compopt</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC119">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
60"><CODE>compgen</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC119">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
61"><CODE>complete</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC119">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
62"><CODE>compopt</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC119">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX72"><CODE>continue</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="bt_D"></A>D</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX76"><CODE>export</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="bt_F"></A>F</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX56
0"><CODE>fc</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC122">9.2 Bash History Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX56
4"><CODE>fc</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC122">9.2 Bash History Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX306"><CODE>fg</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC94">7.2 Job Control Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="bt_G"></A>G</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="bt_H"></A>H</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX78"><CODE>hash</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX97"><CODE>help</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC61">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX56
1"><CODE>history</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC122">9.2 Bash History Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX56
5"><CODE>history</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC122">9.2 Bash History Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="bt_J"></A>J</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX307"><CODE>jobs</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC94">7.2 Job Control Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TH ALIGN=LEFT>Index Entry</TH><TH ALIGN=LEFT> Section</TH></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_A"></A>A</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX50
2"><CODE>abort (C-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX50
3"><CODE>abort (C-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX50
6"><CODE>abort (C-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX50
7"><CODE>abort (C-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX370"><CODE>accept-line (Newline or Return)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX371"><CODE>accept-line (Newline or Return)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
46"><CODE>alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
47"><CODE>alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
50"><CODE>alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
51"><CODE>alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_B"></A>B</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX356"><CODE>backward-char (C-b)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX357"><CODE>backward-char (C-b)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
398"><CODE>backward-delete-char (Rubout)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
399"><CODE>backward-delete-char (Rubout)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX42
0"><CODE>backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX42
1"><CODE>backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
28"><CODE>backward-kill-word (M-<KBD>DEL</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
29"><CODE>backward-kill-word (M-<KBD>DEL</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
402"><CODE>backward-delete-char (Rubout)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
403"><CODE>backward-delete-char (Rubout)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX42
4"><CODE>backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX42
5"><CODE>backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
32"><CODE>backward-kill-word (M-<KBD>DEL</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
33"><CODE>backward-kill-word (M-<KBD>DEL</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX360"><CODE>backward-word (M-b)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX361"><CODE>backward-word (M-b)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX376"><CODE>beginning-of-history (M-&#60;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX351"><CODE>beginning-of-line (C-a)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_C"></A>C</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
498"><CODE>call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
499"><CODE>call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX41
4"><CODE>capitalize-word (M-c)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX41
5"><CODE>capitalize-word (M-c)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
18"><CODE>character-search (C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
19"><CODE>character-search (C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX52
0"><CODE>character-search-backward (M-C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX52
1"><CODE>character-search-backward (M-C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
502"><CODE>call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
503"><CODE>call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX41
8"><CODE>capitalize-word (M-c)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX41
9"><CODE>capitalize-word (M-c)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
22"><CODE>character-search (C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
23"><CODE>character-search (C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX52
4"><CODE>character-search-backward (M-C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX52
5"><CODE>character-search-backward (M-C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX366"><CODE>clear-screen (C-l)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX367"><CODE>clear-screen (C-l)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
56"><CODE>complete (<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
57"><CODE>complete (<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX48
4"><CODE>complete-command (M-!)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX48
5"><CODE>complete-command (M-!)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
68"><CODE>complete-filename (M-/)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
69"><CODE>complete-filename (M-/)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX48
0"><CODE>complete-hostname (M-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX48
1"><CODE>complete-hostname (M-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX49
2"><CODE>complete-into-braces (M-{)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX49
3"><CODE>complete-into-braces (M-{)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX47
2"><CODE>complete-username (M-~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX47
3"><CODE>complete-username (M-~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
76"><CODE>complete-variable (M-$)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
77"><CODE>complete-variable (M-$)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX44
4"><CODE>copy-backward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX44
5"><CODE>copy-backward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
46"><CODE>copy-forward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
47"><CODE>copy-forward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX44
2"><CODE>copy-region-as-kill ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX44
3"><CODE>copy-region-as-kill ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
60"><CODE>complete (<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
61"><CODE>complete (<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX48
8"><CODE>complete-command (M-!)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX48
9"><CODE>complete-command (M-!)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
72"><CODE>complete-filename (M-/)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
73"><CODE>complete-filename (M-/)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX48
4"><CODE>complete-hostname (M-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX48
5"><CODE>complete-hostname (M-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX49
6"><CODE>complete-into-braces (M-{)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX49
7"><CODE>complete-into-braces (M-{)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX47
6"><CODE>complete-username (M-~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX47
7"><CODE>complete-username (M-~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
80"><CODE>complete-variable (M-$)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
81"><CODE>complete-variable (M-$)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX44
8"><CODE>copy-backward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX44
9"><CODE>copy-backward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
50"><CODE>copy-forward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
51"><CODE>copy-forward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX44
6"><CODE>copy-region-as-kill ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX44
7"><CODE>copy-region-as-kill ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_D"></A>D</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX49
0"><CODE>dabbrev-expand ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX49
1"><CODE>dabbrev-expand ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
396"><CODE>delete-char (C-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
397"><CODE>delete-char (C-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
66"><CODE>delete-char-or-list ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
67"><CODE>delete-char-or-list ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
38"><CODE>delete-horizontal-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
39"><CODE>delete-horizontal-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX45
2"><CODE>digit-argument (<KBD>M-0</KBD>, <KBD>M-1</KBD>, <small>...</small> <KBD>M--</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX45
3"><CODE>digit-argument (<KBD>M-0</KBD>, <KBD>M-1</KBD>, <small>...</small> <KBD>M--</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
38"><CODE>display-shell-version (C-x C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
39"><CODE>display-shell-version (C-x C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX50
4"><CODE>do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-<VAR>x</VAR>, <small>...</small>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX50
5"><CODE>do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-<VAR>x</VAR>, <small>...</small>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX41
2"><CODE>downcase-word (M-l)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX41
3"><CODE>downcase-word (M-l)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
26"><CODE>dump-functions ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
27"><CODE>dump-functions ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX53
0"><CODE>dump-macros ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX53
1"><CODE>dump-macros ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
28"><CODE>dump-variables ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
29"><CODE>dump-variables ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
88"><CODE>dynamic-complete-history (M-<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
89"><CODE>dynamic-complete-history (M-<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX49
4"><CODE>dabbrev-expand ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX49
5"><CODE>dabbrev-expand ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
400"><CODE>delete-char (C-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
401"><CODE>delete-char (C-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
70"><CODE>delete-char-or-list ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
71"><CODE>delete-char-or-list ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
42"><CODE>delete-horizontal-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
43"><CODE>delete-horizontal-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX45
6"><CODE>digit-argument (<KBD>M-0</KBD>, <KBD>M-1</KBD>, <small>...</small> <KBD>M--</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX45
7"><CODE>digit-argument (<KBD>M-0</KBD>, <KBD>M-1</KBD>, <small>...</small> <KBD>M--</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
42"><CODE>display-shell-version (C-x C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
43"><CODE>display-shell-version (C-x C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX50
8"><CODE>do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-<VAR>x</VAR>, <small>...</small>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX50
9"><CODE>do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-<VAR>x</VAR>, <small>...</small>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX41
6"><CODE>downcase-word (M-l)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX41
7"><CODE>downcase-word (M-l)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
30"><CODE>dump-functions ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
31"><CODE>dump-functions ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX53
4"><CODE>dump-macros ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX53
5"><CODE>dump-macros ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
32"><CODE>dump-variables ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
33"><CODE>dump-variables ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
92"><CODE>dynamic-complete-history (M-<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
93"><CODE>dynamic-complete-history (M-<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_E"></A>E</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX55
4"><CODE>edit-and-execute-command (C-xC-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX55
5"><CODE>edit-and-execute-command (C-xC-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
496"><CODE>end-kbd-macro (C-x ))</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
497"><CODE>end-kbd-macro (C-x ))</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX55
8"><CODE>edit-and-execute-command (C-xC-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX55
9"><CODE>edit-and-execute-command (C-xC-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
500"><CODE>end-kbd-macro (C-x ))</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
501"><CODE>end-kbd-macro (C-x ))</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX378"><CODE>end-of-history (M-&#62;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX379"><CODE>end-of-history (M-&#62;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX352"><CODE>end-of-line (C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX353"><CODE>end-of-line (C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
16"><CODE>exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
17"><CODE>exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
20"><CODE>exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
21"><CODE>exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_F"></A>F</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX40
0"><CODE>forward-backward-delete-char ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX40
1"><CODE>forward-backward-delete-char ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX40
4"><CODE>forward-backward-delete-char ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX40
5"><CODE>forward-backward-delete-char ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX354"><CODE>forward-char (C-f)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX355"><CODE>forward-char (C-f)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX382"><CODE>forward-search-history (C-s)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX359"><CODE>forward-word (M-f)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_G"></A>G</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX53
2"><CODE>glob-complete-word (M-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX53
3"><CODE>glob-complete-word (M-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX53
4"><CODE>glob-expand-word (C-x *)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX53
5"><CODE>glob-expand-word (C-x *)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
36"><CODE>glob-list-expansions (C-x g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
37"><CODE>glob-list-expansions (C-x g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX53
6"><CODE>glob-complete-word (M-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX53
7"><CODE>glob-complete-word (M-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX53
8"><CODE>glob-expand-word (C-x *)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX53
9"><CODE>glob-expand-word (C-x *)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
40"><CODE>glob-list-expansions (C-x g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
41"><CODE>glob-list-expansions (C-x g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_H"></A>H</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
48"><CODE>history-and-alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
49"><CODE>history-and-alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX54
2"><CODE>history-expand-line (M-^)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX54
3"><CODE>history-expand-line (M-^)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
52"><CODE>history-and-alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
53"><CODE>history-and-alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX54
6"><CODE>history-expand-line (M-^)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX54
7"><CODE>history-expand-line (M-^)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX390"><CODE>history-search-backward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX391"><CODE>history-search-backward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX388"><CODE>history-search-forward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX389"><CODE>history-search-forward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX394"><CODE>history-substr-search-backward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX395"><CODE>history-substr-search-backward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX392"><CODE>history-substr-search-forward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX393"><CODE>history-substr-search-forward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_I"></A>I</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX52
4"><CODE>insert-comment (M-#)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX52
5"><CODE>insert-comment (M-#)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX46
0"><CODE>insert-completions (M-*)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX46
1"><CODE>insert-completions (M-*)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX55
0"><CODE>insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX55
1"><CODE>insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX52
8"><CODE>insert-comment (M-#)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX52
9"><CODE>insert-comment (M-#)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX46
4"><CODE>insert-completions (M-*)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX46
5"><CODE>insert-completions (M-*)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX55
4"><CODE>insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX55
5"><CODE>insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_K"></A>K</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
18"><CODE>kill-line (C-k)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
19"><CODE>kill-line (C-k)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX44
0"><CODE>kill-region ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX44
1"><CODE>kill-region ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX42
4"><CODE>kill-whole-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX42
5"><CODE>kill-whole-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
26"><CODE>kill-word (M-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
27"><CODE>kill-word (M-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
22"><CODE>kill-line (C-k)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
23"><CODE>kill-line (C-k)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX44
4"><CODE>kill-region ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX44
5"><CODE>kill-region ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX42
8"><CODE>kill-whole-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX42
9"><CODE>kill-whole-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
30"><CODE>kill-word (M-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
31"><CODE>kill-word (M-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_M"></A>M</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX54
4"><CODE>magic-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX54
5"><CODE>magic-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX46
2"><CODE>menu-complete ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX46
3"><CODE>menu-complete ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX46
4"><CODE>menu-complete-backward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX46
5"><CODE>menu-complete-backward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX54
8"><CODE>magic-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX54
9"><CODE>magic-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX46
6"><CODE>menu-complete ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX46
7"><CODE>menu-complete ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX46
8"><CODE>menu-complete-backward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX46
9"><CODE>menu-complete-backward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_N"></A>N</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX374"><CODE>next-history (C-n)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX385"><CODE>non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_O"></A>O</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX55
2"><CODE>operate-and-get-next (C-o)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX55
3"><CODE>operate-and-get-next (C-o)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
16"><CODE>overwrite-mode ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
17"><CODE>overwrite-mode ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX55
6"><CODE>operate-and-get-next (C-o)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX55
7"><CODE>operate-and-get-next (C-o)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
20"><CODE>overwrite-mode ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
21"><CODE>overwrite-mode ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_P"></A>P</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
86"><CODE>possible-command-completions (C-x !)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
87"><CODE>possible-command-completions (C-x !)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
58"><CODE>possible-completions (M-?)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
59"><CODE>possible-completions (M-?)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX47
0"><CODE>possible-filename-completions (C-x /)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX47
1"><CODE>possible-filename-completions (C-x /)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX48
2"><CODE>possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX48
3"><CODE>possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX47
4"><CODE>possible-username-completions (C-x ~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX47
5"><CODE>possible-username-completions (C-x ~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
78"><CODE>possible-variable-completions (C-x $)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
79"><CODE>possible-variable-completions (C-x $)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
06"><CODE>prefix-meta (<KBD>ESC</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
07"><CODE>prefix-meta (<KBD>ESC</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
90"><CODE>possible-command-completions (C-x !)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
91"><CODE>possible-command-completions (C-x !)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
62"><CODE>possible-completions (M-?)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
63"><CODE>possible-completions (M-?)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX47
4"><CODE>possible-filename-completions (C-x /)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX47
5"><CODE>possible-filename-completions (C-x /)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX48
6"><CODE>possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX48
7"><CODE>possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX47
8"><CODE>possible-username-completions (C-x ~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX47
9"><CODE>possible-username-completions (C-x ~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
82"><CODE>possible-variable-completions (C-x $)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
83"><CODE>possible-variable-completions (C-x $)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
10"><CODE>prefix-meta (<KBD>ESC</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
11"><CODE>prefix-meta (<KBD>ESC</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX372"><CODE>previous-history (C-p)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX373"><CODE>previous-history (C-p)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_Q"></A>Q</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX40
2"><CODE>quoted-insert (C-q or C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX40
3"><CODE>quoted-insert (C-q or C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX40
6"><CODE>quoted-insert (C-q or C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX40
7"><CODE>quoted-insert (C-q or C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_R"></A>R</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX50
0"><CODE>re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX50
1"><CODE>re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX50
4"><CODE>re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX50
5"><CODE>re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX368"><CODE>redraw-current-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX369"><CODE>redraw-current-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX380"><CODE>reverse-search-history (C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX381"><CODE>reverse-search-history (C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX51
0"><CODE>revert-line (M-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX51
1"><CODE>revert-line (M-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX51
4"><CODE>revert-line (M-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX51
5"><CODE>revert-line (M-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_S"></A>S</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX40
4"><CODE>self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, <small>...</small>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX40
5"><CODE>self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, <small>...</small>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX51
4"><CODE>set-mark (C-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX51
5"><CODE>set-mark (C-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX43
2"><CODE>shell-backward-kill-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX43
3"><CODE>shell-backward-kill-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX40
8"><CODE>self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, <small>...</small>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX40
9"><CODE>self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, <small>...</small>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX51
8"><CODE>set-mark (C-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX51
9"><CODE>set-mark (C-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX43
6"><CODE>shell-backward-kill-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX43
7"><CODE>shell-backward-kill-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX364"><CODE>shell-backward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX365"><CODE>shell-backward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX54
0"><CODE>shell-expand-line (M-C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX54
1"><CODE>shell-expand-line (M-C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX54
4"><CODE>shell-expand-line (M-C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX54
5"><CODE>shell-expand-line (M-C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX362"><CODE>shell-forward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX363"><CODE>shell-forward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX43
0"><CODE>shell-kill-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX43
1"><CODE>shell-kill-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX52
2"><CODE>skip-csi-sequence ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX52
3"><CODE>skip-csi-sequence ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX49
4"><CODE>start-kbd-macro (C-x ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX49
5"><CODE>start-kbd-macro (C-x ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX43
4"><CODE>shell-kill-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX43
5"><CODE>shell-kill-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX52
6"><CODE>skip-csi-sequence ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX52
7"><CODE>skip-csi-sequence ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX49
8"><CODE>start-kbd-macro (C-x ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX49
9"><CODE>start-kbd-macro (C-x ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_T"></A>T</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX51
2"><CODE>tilde-expand (M-&#38;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX51
3"><CODE>tilde-expand (M-&#38;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
06"><CODE>transpose-chars (C-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
07"><CODE>transpose-chars (C-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
08"><CODE>transpose-words (M-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
09"><CODE>transpose-words (M-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX51
6"><CODE>tilde-expand (M-&#38;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX51
7"><CODE>tilde-expand (M-&#38;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
10"><CODE>transpose-chars (C-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
11"><CODE>transpose-chars (C-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
12"><CODE>transpose-words (M-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
13"><CODE>transpose-words (M-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_U"></A>U</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
08"><CODE>undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
09"><CODE>undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX45
4"><CODE>universal-argument ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX45
5"><CODE>universal-argument ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
36"><CODE>unix-filename-rubout ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
37"><CODE>unix-filename-rubout ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX42
2"><CODE>unix-line-discard (C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX42
3"><CODE>unix-line-discard (C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX43
4"><CODE>unix-word-rubout (C-w)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX43
5"><CODE>unix-word-rubout (C-w)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX41
0"><CODE>upcase-word (M-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX41
1"><CODE>upcase-word (M-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
12"><CODE>undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
13"><CODE>undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX45
8"><CODE>universal-argument ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX45
9"><CODE>universal-argument ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
40"><CODE>unix-filename-rubout ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
41"><CODE>unix-filename-rubout ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX42
6"><CODE>unix-line-discard (C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX42
7"><CODE>unix-line-discard (C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX43
8"><CODE>unix-word-rubout (C-w)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX43
9"><CODE>unix-word-rubout (C-w)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX41
4"><CODE>upcase-word (M-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX41
5"><CODE>upcase-word (M-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_Y"></A>Y</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
48"><CODE>yank (C-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
49"><CODE>yank (C-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX39
4"><CODE>yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX39
5"><CODE>yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX39
2"><CODE>yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX39
3"><CODE>yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX45
0"><CODE>yank-pop (M-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX45
1"><CODE>yank-pop (M-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
52"><CODE>yank (C-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
53"><CODE>yank (C-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX39
8"><CODE>yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX39
9"><CODE>yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX39
6"><CODE>yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX39
7"><CODE>yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX45
4"><CODE>yank-pop (M-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX45
5"><CODE>yank-pop (M-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
</TABLE><P></P><table><tr><th valign=top>Jump to: </th><td><A HREF="bashref.html#fn_A" style="text-decoration:none"><b>A</b></A>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="cp_H"></A>H</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC122">history builtins</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC122">9.2 Bash History Builtins</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX56
2">history events</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC124">9.3.1 Event Designators</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX56
6">history events</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC124">9.3.1 Event Designators</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC123">history expansion</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC123">9.3 History Expansion</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC121">history list</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC121">9.1 Bash History Facilities</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
59">History, how to use</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC119">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
63">History, how to use</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC119">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="cp_I"></A>I</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX11">identifier</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC4">2. Definitions</A></TD></TR>
<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="bashref.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<H1>About this document</H1>
-This document was generated by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>April, 11 2011</I>
+This document was generated by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>July, 8 2011</I>
using <A HREF="http://www.mathematik.uni-kl.de/~obachman/Texi2html
"><I>texi2html</I></A>
<P></P>
<BR>
<FONT SIZE="-1">
This document was generated
-by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>April, 11 2011</I>
+by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>July, 8 2011</I>
using <A HREF="http://www.mathematik.uni-kl.de/~obachman/Texi2html
"><I>texi2html</I></A>
/Users/chet/src/bash/src/doc/bashref.texi.
This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
-the Bash shell (version 4.2, 11 April 2011).
+the Bash shell (version 4.2, 7 July 2011).
- This is Edition 4.2, last updated 11 April 2011, of `The GNU Bash
+ This is Edition 4.2, last updated 7 July 2011, of `The GNU Bash
Reference Manual', for `Bash', Version 4.2.
Copyright (C) 1988-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
*************
This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
-the Bash shell (version 4.2, 11 April 2011).
+the Bash shell (version 4.2, 7 July 2011).
- This is Edition 4.2, last updated 11 April 2011, of `The GNU Bash
+ This is Edition 4.2, last updated 7 July 2011, of `The GNU Bash
Reference Manual', for `Bash', Version 4.2.
Bash contains features that appear in other popular shells, and some
Shells also provide a small set of built-in commands ("builtins")
implementing functionality impossible or inconvenient to obtain via
-separate utilities. For example, `cd', `break', `continue', and
-`exec') cannot be implemented outside of the shell because they
-directly manipulate the shell itself. The `history', `getopts',
-`kill', or `pwd' builtins, among others, could be implemented in
-separate utilities, but they are more convenient to use as builtin
-commands. All of the shell builtins are described in subsequent
-sections.
+separate utilities. For example, `cd', `break', `continue', and `exec'
+cannot be implemented outside of the shell because they directly
+manipulate the shell itself. The `history', `getopts', `kill', or `pwd'
+builtins, among others, could be implemented in separate utilities, but
+they are more convenient to use as builtin commands. All of the shell
+builtins are described in subsequent sections.
While executing commands is essential, most of the power (and
complexity) of shells is due to their embedded programming languages.
apply to all commands within that compound command unless explicitly
overridden.
+ In most cases a list of commands in a compound command's description
+may be separated from the rest of the command by one or more newlines,
+and may be followed by a newline in place of a semicolon.
+
Bash provides looping constructs, conditional commands, and
mechanisms to group commands and execute them as a unit.
Set Builtin::), Bash scans each word for the characters `*', `?', and
`['. If one of these characters appears, then the word is regarded as
a PATTERN, and replaced with an alphabetically sorted list of file
-names matching the pattern. If no matching file names are found, and
-the shell option `nullglob' is disabled, the word is left unchanged.
-If the `nullglob' option is set, and no matches are found, the word is
-removed. If the `failglob' shell option is set, and no matches are
-found, an error message is printed and the command is not executed. If
-the shell option `nocaseglob' is enabled, the match is performed
-without regard to the case of alphabetic characters.
+names matching the pattern (*note Pattern Matching::). If no matching
+file names are found, and the shell option `nullglob' is disabled, the
+word is left unchanged. If the `nullglob' option is set, and no
+matches are found, the word is removed. If the `failglob' shell option
+is set, and no matches are found, an error message is printed and the
+command is not executed. If the shell option `nocaseglob' is enabled,
+the match is performed without regard to the case of alphabetic
+characters.
When a pattern is used for filename expansion, the character `.' at
the start of a filename or immediately following a slash must be
including it as the first or last character in the set. A `]' may
be matched by including it as the first character in the set. The
sorting order of characters in range expressions is determined by
- the current locale and the value of the `LC_COLLATE' shell
- variable, if set.
+ the current locale and the values of the `LC_COLLATE' and `LC_ALL'
+ shell variables, if set.
For example, in the default C locale, `[a-dx-z]' is equivalent to
`[abcdxyz]'. Many locales sort characters in dictionary order,
example. To obtain the traditional interpretation of ranges in
bracket expressions, you can force the use of the C locale by
setting the `LC_COLLATE' or `LC_ALL' environment variable to the
- value `C'.
+ value `C', or enable the `globasciiranges' shell option.
Within `[' and `]', CHARACTER CLASSES can be specified using the
syntax `[:'CLASS`:]', where CLASS is one of the following classes
`unset'
unset [-fv] [NAME]
- Each variable or function NAME is removed. If no options are
- supplied, or the `-v' option is given, each NAME refers to a shell
- variable. If the `-f' option is given, the NAMEs refer to shell
- functions, and the function definition is removed. Readonly
- variables and functions may not be unset. The return status is
- zero unless a NAME is readonly.
+ Each variable or function NAME is removed. If the `-v' option is
+ given, each NAME refers to a shell variable and that variable is
+ remvoved. If the `-f' option is given, the NAMEs refer to shell
+ functions, and the function definition is removed. If no options
+ are supplied, each NAME refers to a variable; if there is no
+ variable by that name, any function with that name is unset.
+ Readonly variables and functions may not be unset. The return
+ status is zero unless a NAME is readonly.
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Bash Builtins, Next: Modifying Shell Behavior, Prev: Bourne Shell Builtins, Up: Shell Builtin Commands
`echo'
echo [-neE] [ARG ...]
Output the ARGs, separated by spaces, terminated with a newline.
- The return status is always 0. If `-n' is specified, the trailing
- newline is suppressed. If the `-e' option is given,
- interpretation of the following backslash-escaped characters is
- enabled. The `-E' option disables the interpretation of these
- escape characters, even on systems where they are interpreted by
- default. The `xpg_echo' shell option may be used to dynamically
- determine whether or not `echo' expands these escape characters by
- default. `echo' does not interpret `--' to mean the end of
- options.
+ The return status is 0 unless a write error occurs. If `-n' is
+ specified, the trailing newline is suppressed. If the `-e' option
+ is given, interpretation of the following backslash-escaped
+ characters is enabled. The `-E' option disables the
+ interpretation of these escape characters, even on systems where
+ they are interpreted by default. The `xpg_echo' shell option may
+ be used to dynamically determine whether or not `echo' expands
+ these escape characters by default. `echo' does not interpret
+ `--' to mean the end of options.
`echo' interprets the following escape sequences:
`\a'
the command name.
`-m'
- Job control is enabled (*note Job Control::).
+ Job control is enabled (*note Job Control::). All processes
+ run in a separate process group. When a background job
+ completes, the shell prints a line containing its exit status.
`-n'
Read commands but do not execute them; this may be used to
are stopped.
`checkwinsize'
- If set, Bash checks the window size after each command and,
+ If set, Bash checks the window size after each command and,
if necessary, updates the values of `LINES' and `COLUMNS'.
`cmdhist'
This is the behavior of POSIX mode through version 4.1. The
default Bash behavior remains as in previous versions.
+ `direxpand'
+ If set, Bash replaces directory names with the results of
+ word expansion when performing filename completion. This
+ changes the contents of the readline editing buffer. If not
+ set, Bash attempts to preserve what the user typed.
+
`dirspell'
If set, Bash attempts spelling correction on directory names
during word completion if the directory name initially
*Note Bash Variables::, for a description of `FIGNORE'. This
option is enabled by default.
+ `globasciiranges'
+ If set, range expressions used in pattern matching (*note
+ Pattern Matching::) behave as if in the traditional C locale
+ when performing comparisons. That is, the current locale's
+ collating sequence is not taken into account, so `b' will not
+ collate between `A' and `B', and upper-case and lower-case
+ ASCII characters will collate together.
+
`globstar'
If set, the pattern `**' used in a filename expansion context
will match all files and zero or more directories and
`COLUMNS'
Used by the `select' command to determine the terminal width when
- printing selection lists. Automatically set upon receipt of a
- `SIGWINCH'.
+ printing selection lists. Automatically set by an interactive
+ shell upon receipt of a `SIGWINCH'.
`COMP_CWORD'
An index into `${COMP_WORDS}' of the word containing the current
`LINES'
Used by the `select' command to determine the column length for
- printing selection lists. Automatically set upon receipt of a
- `SIGWINCH'.
+ printing selection lists. Automatically set by an interactive
+ shell upon receipt of a `SIGWINCH'.
`MACHTYPE'
A string that fully describes the system type on which Bash is
26. Process substitution is not available.
- 27. Assignment statements preceding POSIX special builtins persist in
+ 27. While variable indirection is available, it may not be applied to
+ the `#' and `?' special parameters.
+
+ 28. Assignment statements preceding POSIX special builtins persist in
the shell environment after the builtin completes.
- 28. Assignment statements preceding shell function calls persist in the
+ 29. Assignment statements preceding shell function calls persist in the
shell environment after the function returns, as if a POSIX
special builtin command had been executed.
- 29. The `export' and `readonly' builtin commands display their output
+ 30. The `export' and `readonly' builtin commands display their output
in the format required by POSIX.
- 30. The `trap' builtin displays signal names without the leading `SIG'.
+ 31. The `trap' builtin displays signal names without the leading `SIG'.
- 31. The `trap' builtin doesn't check the first argument for a possible
+ 32. The `trap' builtin doesn't check the first argument for a possible
signal specification and revert the signal handling to the original
disposition if it is, unless that argument consists solely of
digits and is a valid signal number. If users want to reset the
handler for a given signal to the original disposition, they
should use `-' as the first argument.
- 32. The `.' and `source' builtins do not search the current directory
+ 33. The `.' and `source' builtins do not search the current directory
for the filename argument if it is not found by searching `PATH'.
- 33. Subshells spawned to execute command substitutions inherit the
+ 34. Subshells spawned to execute command substitutions inherit the
value of the `-e' option from the parent shell. When not in POSIX
mode, Bash clears the `-e' option in such subshells.
- 34. Alias expansion is always enabled, even in non-interactive shells.
+ 35. Alias expansion is always enabled, even in non-interactive shells.
- 35. When the `alias' builtin displays alias definitions, it does not
+ 36. When the `alias' builtin displays alias definitions, it does not
display them with a leading `alias ' unless the `-p' option is
supplied.
- 36. When the `set' builtin is invoked without options, it does not
+ 37. When the `set' builtin is invoked without options, it does not
display shell function names and definitions.
- 37. When the `set' builtin is invoked without options, it displays
+ 38. When the `set' builtin is invoked without options, it displays
variable values without quotes, unless they contain shell
metacharacters, even if the result contains nonprinting characters.
- 38. When the `cd' builtin is invoked in LOGICAL mode, and the pathname
+ 39. When the `cd' builtin is invoked in LOGICAL mode, and the pathname
constructed from `$PWD' and the directory name supplied as an
argument does not refer to an existing directory, `cd' will fail
instead of falling back to PHYSICAL mode.
- 39. The `pwd' builtin verifies that the value it prints is the same as
+ 40. The `pwd' builtin verifies that the value it prints is the same as
the current directory, even if it is not asked to check the file
system with the `-P' option.
- 40. When listing the history, the `fc' builtin does not include an
+ 41. When listing the history, the `fc' builtin does not include an
indication of whether or not a history entry has been modified.
- 41. The default editor used by `fc' is `ed'.
+ 42. The default editor used by `fc' is `ed'.
- 42. The `type' and `command' builtins will not report a non-executable
+ 43. The `type' and `command' builtins will not report a non-executable
file as having been found, though the shell will attempt to
execute such a file if it is the only so-named file found in
`$PATH'.
- 43. The `vi' editing mode will invoke the `vi' editor directly when
+ 44. The `vi' editing mode will invoke the `vi' editor directly when
the `v' command is run, instead of checking `$VISUAL' and
`$EDITOR'.
- 44. When the `xpg_echo' option is enabled, Bash does not attempt to
+ 45. When the `xpg_echo' option is enabled, Bash does not attempt to
interpret any arguments to `echo' as options. Each argument is
displayed, after escape characters are converted.
- 45. The `ulimit' builtin uses a block size of 512 bytes for the `-c'
+ 46. The `ulimit' builtin uses a block size of 512 bytes for the `-c'
and `-f' options.
- 46. The arrival of `SIGCHLD' when a trap is set on `SIGCHLD' does not
+ 47. The arrival of `SIGCHLD' when a trap is set on `SIGCHLD' does not
interrupt the `wait' builtin and cause it to return immediately.
The trap command is run once for each child that exits.
`history-search-forward ()'
Search forward through the history for the string of characters
- between the start of the current line and the point. This is a
+ between the start of the current line and the point. The search
+ string must match at the beginning of a history line. This is a
non-incremental search. By default, this command is unbound.
`history-search-backward ()'
Search backward through the history for the string of characters
- between the start of the current line and the point. This is a
+ between the start of the current line and the point. The search
+ string must match at the beginning of a history line. This is a
+ non-incremental search. By default, this command is unbound.
+
+`history-substr-search-forward ()'
+ Search forward through the history for the string of characters
+ between the start of the current line and the point. The search
+ string may match anywhere in a history line. This is a
+ non-incremental search. By default, this command is unbound.
+
+`history-substr-search-backward ()'
+ Search backward through the history for the string of characters
+ between the start of the current line and the point. The search
+ string may match anywhere in a history line. This is a
non-incremental search. By default, this command is unbound.
`yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)'
* forward-char (C-f): Commands For Moving. (line 12)
* forward-search-history (C-s): Commands For History. (line 31)
* forward-word (M-f): Commands For Moving. (line 18)
-* history-search-backward (): Commands For History. (line 51)
+* history-search-backward (): Commands For History. (line 52)
* history-search-forward (): Commands For History. (line 46)
+* history-substr-search-backward (): Commands For History. (line 64)
+* history-substr-search-forward (): Commands For History. (line 58)
* insert-comment (M-#): Miscellaneous Commands.
(line 60)
* insert-completions (M-*): Commands For Completion.
* unix-word-rubout (C-w): Commands For Killing. (line 37)
* upcase-word (M-u): Commands For Text. (line 38)
* yank (C-y): Commands For Killing. (line 68)
-* yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_): Commands For History. (line 65)
-* yank-nth-arg (M-C-y): Commands For History. (line 56)
+* yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_): Commands For History. (line 79)
+* yank-nth-arg (M-C-y): Commands For History. (line 70)
* yank-pop (M-y): Commands For Killing. (line 71)
\1f
\1f
Tag Table:
-Node: Top\7f1340
-Node: Introduction\7f3173
-Node: What is Bash?\7f3401
-Node: What is a shell?\7f4514
-Node: Definitions\7f7054
-Node: Basic Shell Features\7f9972
-Node: Shell Syntax\7f11191
-Node: Shell Operation\7f12221
-Node: Quoting\7f13515
-Node: Escape Character\7f14818
-Node: Single Quotes\7f15303
-Node: Double Quotes\7f15651
-Node: ANSI-C Quoting\7f16776
-Node: Locale Translation\7f18020
-Node: Comments\7f18916
-Node: Shell Commands\7f19534
-Node: Simple Commands\7f20406
-Node: Pipelines\7f21037
-Node: Lists\7f23731
-Node: Compound Commands\7f25460
-Node: Looping Constructs\7f26264
-Node: Conditional Constructs\7f28723
-Node: Command Grouping\7f36868
-Node: Coprocesses\7f38347
-Node: GNU Parallel\7f40012
-Node: Shell Functions\7f42480
-Node: Shell Parameters\7f47424
-Node: Positional Parameters\7f49840
-Node: Special Parameters\7f50740
-Node: Shell Expansions\7f53704
-Node: Brace Expansion\7f55629
-Node: Tilde Expansion\7f58384
-Node: Shell Parameter Expansion\7f60735
-Node: Command Substitution\7f69870
-Node: Arithmetic Expansion\7f71203
-Node: Process Substitution\7f72053
-Node: Word Splitting\7f73103
-Node: Filename Expansion\7f74726
-Node: Pattern Matching\7f76865
-Node: Quote Removal\7f80504
-Node: Redirections\7f80799
-Node: Executing Commands\7f89512
-Node: Simple Command Expansion\7f90182
-Node: Command Search and Execution\7f92112
-Node: Command Execution Environment\7f94449
-Node: Environment\7f97435
-Node: Exit Status\7f99095
-Node: Signals\7f100716
-Node: Shell Scripts\7f102684
-Node: Shell Builtin Commands\7f105202
-Node: Bourne Shell Builtins\7f107230
-Node: Bash Builtins\7f125324
-Node: Modifying Shell Behavior\7f151533
-Node: The Set Builtin\7f151878
-Node: The Shopt Builtin\7f161412
-Node: Special Builtins\7f173586
-Node: Shell Variables\7f174565
-Node: Bourne Shell Variables\7f175005
-Node: Bash Variables\7f177032
-Node: Bash Features\7f201987
-Node: Invoking Bash\7f202870
-Node: Bash Startup Files\7f208634
-Node: Interactive Shells\7f213655
-Node: What is an Interactive Shell?\7f214065
-Node: Is this Shell Interactive?\7f214714
-Node: Interactive Shell Behavior\7f215529
-Node: Bash Conditional Expressions\7f218809
-Node: Shell Arithmetic\7f222598
-Node: Aliases\7f225357
-Node: Arrays\7f227929
-Node: The Directory Stack\7f232151
-Node: Directory Stack Builtins\7f232865
-Node: Printing a Prompt\7f235757
-Node: The Restricted Shell\7f238509
-Node: Bash POSIX Mode\7f240341
-Node: Job Control\7f249002
-Node: Job Control Basics\7f249462
-Node: Job Control Builtins\7f254179
-Node: Job Control Variables\7f258543
-Node: Command Line Editing\7f259701
-Node: Introduction and Notation\7f261268
-Node: Readline Interaction\7f262890
-Node: Readline Bare Essentials\7f264081
-Node: Readline Movement Commands\7f265870
-Node: Readline Killing Commands\7f266835
-Node: Readline Arguments\7f268755
-Node: Searching\7f269799
-Node: Readline Init File\7f271985
-Node: Readline Init File Syntax\7f273132
-Node: Conditional Init Constructs\7f288474
-Node: Sample Init File\7f291007
-Node: Bindable Readline Commands\7f294124
-Node: Commands For Moving\7f295331
-Node: Commands For History\7f296475
-Node: Commands For Text\7f299910
-Node: Commands For Killing\7f302583
-Node: Numeric Arguments\7f305040
-Node: Commands For Completion\7f306179
-Node: Keyboard Macros\7f310371
-Node: Miscellaneous Commands\7f310942
-Node: Readline vi Mode\7f316748
-Node: Programmable Completion\7f317655
-Node: Programmable Completion Builtins\7f324865
-Node: Using History Interactively\7f334001
-Node: Bash History Facilities\7f334685
-Node: Bash History Builtins\7f337599
-Node: History Interaction\7f341456
-Node: Event Designators\7f344161
-Node: Word Designators\7f345383
-Node: Modifiers\7f347022
-Node: Installing Bash\7f348426
-Node: Basic Installation\7f349563
-Node: Compilers and Options\7f352255
-Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures\7f352996
-Node: Installation Names\7f354660
-Node: Specifying the System Type\7f355478
-Node: Sharing Defaults\7f356194
-Node: Operation Controls\7f356867
-Node: Optional Features\7f357825
-Node: Reporting Bugs\7f367393
-Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell\7f368594
-Node: GNU Free Documentation License\7f385281
-Node: Indexes\7f410477
-Node: Builtin Index\7f410931
-Node: Reserved Word Index\7f417758
-Node: Variable Index\7f420206
-Node: Function Index\7f433301
-Node: Concept Index\7f440310
+Node: Top\7f1336
+Node: Introduction\7f3165
+Node: What is Bash?\7f3393
+Node: What is a shell?\7f4506
+Node: Definitions\7f7045
+Node: Basic Shell Features\7f9963
+Node: Shell Syntax\7f11182
+Node: Shell Operation\7f12212
+Node: Quoting\7f13506
+Node: Escape Character\7f14809
+Node: Single Quotes\7f15294
+Node: Double Quotes\7f15642
+Node: ANSI-C Quoting\7f16767
+Node: Locale Translation\7f18011
+Node: Comments\7f18907
+Node: Shell Commands\7f19525
+Node: Simple Commands\7f20397
+Node: Pipelines\7f21028
+Node: Lists\7f23722
+Node: Compound Commands\7f25451
+Node: Looping Constructs\7f26457
+Node: Conditional Constructs\7f28916
+Node: Command Grouping\7f37061
+Node: Coprocesses\7f38540
+Node: GNU Parallel\7f40205
+Node: Shell Functions\7f42673
+Node: Shell Parameters\7f47617
+Node: Positional Parameters\7f50033
+Node: Special Parameters\7f50933
+Node: Shell Expansions\7f53897
+Node: Brace Expansion\7f55822
+Node: Tilde Expansion\7f58577
+Node: Shell Parameter Expansion\7f60928
+Node: Command Substitution\7f70063
+Node: Arithmetic Expansion\7f71396
+Node: Process Substitution\7f72246
+Node: Word Splitting\7f73296
+Node: Filename Expansion\7f74919
+Node: Pattern Matching\7f77087
+Node: Quote Removal\7f80787
+Node: Redirections\7f81082
+Node: Executing Commands\7f89795
+Node: Simple Command Expansion\7f90465
+Node: Command Search and Execution\7f92395
+Node: Command Execution Environment\7f94732
+Node: Environment\7f97718
+Node: Exit Status\7f99378
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+Node: Shell Scripts\7f102967
+Node: Shell Builtin Commands\7f105485
+Node: Bourne Shell Builtins\7f107513
+Node: Bash Builtins\7f125755
+Node: Modifying Shell Behavior\7f151985
+Node: The Set Builtin\7f152330
+Node: The Shopt Builtin\7f162018
+Node: Special Builtins\7f174902
+Node: Shell Variables\7f175881
+Node: Bourne Shell Variables\7f176321
+Node: Bash Variables\7f178348
+Node: Bash Features\7f203351
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+Node: Shell Arithmetic\7f223962
+Node: Aliases\7f226721
+Node: Arrays\7f229293
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+Node: Directory Stack Builtins\7f234229
+Node: Printing a Prompt\7f237121
+Node: The Restricted Shell\7f239873
+Node: Bash POSIX Mode\7f241705
+Node: Job Control\7f250479
+Node: Job Control Basics\7f250939
+Node: Job Control Builtins\7f255656
+Node: Job Control Variables\7f260020
+Node: Command Line Editing\7f261178
+Node: Introduction and Notation\7f262745
+Node: Readline Interaction\7f264367
+Node: Readline Bare Essentials\7f265558
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+Node: Bindable Readline Commands\7f295601
+Node: Commands For Moving\7f296808
+Node: Commands For History\7f297952
+Node: Commands For Text\7f302137
+Node: Commands For Killing\7f304810
+Node: Numeric Arguments\7f307267
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+Node: Keyboard Macros\7f312598
+Node: Miscellaneous Commands\7f313169
+Node: Readline vi Mode\7f318975
+Node: Programmable Completion\7f319882
+Node: Programmable Completion Builtins\7f327092
+Node: Using History Interactively\7f336228
+Node: Bash History Facilities\7f336912
+Node: Bash History Builtins\7f339826
+Node: History Interaction\7f343683
+Node: Event Designators\7f346388
+Node: Word Designators\7f347610
+Node: Modifiers\7f349249
+Node: Installing Bash\7f350653
+Node: Basic Installation\7f351790
+Node: Compilers and Options\7f354482
+Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures\7f355223
+Node: Installation Names\7f356887
+Node: Specifying the System Type\7f357705
+Node: Sharing Defaults\7f358421
+Node: Operation Controls\7f359094
+Node: Optional Features\7f360052
+Node: Reporting Bugs\7f369620
+Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell\7f370821
+Node: GNU Free Documentation License\7f387508
+Node: Indexes\7f412704
+Node: Builtin Index\7f413158
+Node: Reserved Word Index\7f419985
+Node: Variable Index\7f422433
+Node: Function Index\7f435528
+Node: Concept Index\7f442683
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**/Users/chet/src/bash/src/doc/bashref.texi
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Loading texinfo [version 2009-01-18.17]:
Chapter 2
[1] [2] [3] Chapter 3 [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10]
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[]@texttt case @textttsl word @texttt in [ [(] @textttsl pat-tern @texttt [| @
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.etc.
[11] [12] [13] [14]
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+Overfull \hbox (89.6747pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 1198--1198
[]@texttt cat list | parallel "do-something1 {} config-{} ; do-something2 < {}
" | process-output[]
.etc.
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+Overfull \hbox (89.6747pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 1213--1213
[]@texttt { echo foss.org.my ; echo debian.org; echo freenetproject.org; } | p
arallel traceroute[]
.etc.
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[]@texttt { echo foss.org.my ; echo debian.org; echo freenetproject.org; } | p
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[15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] [26] [27] [28] [29]
[30] [31] [32] [33] [34] Chapter 4 [35] [36] [37] [38] [39] [40] [41] [42]
[43]
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@texttt emacs-meta[]@textrm , @texttt emacs-ctlx[]@textrm , @texttt vi[]@textr
m , @texttt vi-move[]@textrm , @texttt vi-command[]@textrm , and
.etc.
[44] [45] [46] [47] [48] [49]
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[]@texttt read [-ers] [-a @textttsl aname@texttt ] [-d @textttsl de-lim@texttt
] [-i @textttsl text@texttt ] [-n @textttsl nchars@texttt ] [-N @textttsl ncha
rs@texttt ] [-p @textttsl prompt@texttt ] [-t @textttsl time-
.@texttt a
.etc.
-[50] [51] [52] [53] [54] [55] [56] [57] [58] [59] [60] [61] Chapter 5 [62]
-[63] [64] [65] [66] [67] [68] [69] [70] [71] Chapter 6 [72]
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+[73] Chapter 6 [74]
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[]@texttt bash [long-opt] [-ir] [-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP] [-o @textttsl op-tion@t
exttt ] [-O @textttsl shopt_option@texttt ] [@textttsl ar-
.etc.
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[]@texttt bash [long-opt] [-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP] [-o @textttsl op-tion@texttt
] [-O @textttsl shopt_option@texttt ] -c @textttsl string @texttt [@textttsl ar
-
.etc.
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[]@texttt bash [long-opt] -s [-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP] [-o @textttsl op-tion@text
tt ] [-O @textttsl shopt_option@texttt ] [@textttsl ar-
.@texttt s
.etc.
-[73] [74]
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[]@textrm When a lo-gin shell ex-its, Bash reads and ex-e-cutes com-mands from
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.@textrm n
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@textrm `@texttt --enable-strict-posix-default[]@textrm '[] to @texttt configur
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.etc.
-Chapter 7 [89] [90] [91] [92] [93]
-(/Users/chet/src/bash/src/lib/readline/doc/rluser.texi Chapter 8 [94] [95]
-[96] [97] [98] [99] [100]
+Chapter 7 [91] [92] [93] [94] [95]
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-[118]
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.@texttt m
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-[119] [120]
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-[121] [122]) (/Users/chet/src/bash/src/lib/readline/doc/hsuser.texi Chapter 9
-[123] [124] [125] [126] [127] [128]) Chapter 10 [129] [130] [131] [132]
-[133]
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[]@textrm Enable sup-port for large files (@texttt http://www.sas.com/standard
s/large_
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-[134] [135] [136] Appendix A [137] [138] Appendix B [139] [140] [141] [142]
-[143] [144] [145] Appendix C [146] (./fdl.texi [147] [148] [149] [150] [151]
-[152] [153]) Appendix D [154] (./bashref.bts) [155] (./bashref.rws)
-(./bashref.vrs [156] [157]) (./bashref.fns [158] [159]) (./bashref.cps [160])
-[161] [162] )
+[136] [137] [138] Appendix A [139] [140] Appendix B [141] [142] [143] [144]
+[145] [146] [147] Appendix C [148] (./fdl.texi [149] [150] [151] [152] [153]
+[154] [155]) Appendix D [156] (./bashref.bts) [157] (./bashref.rws)
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+g(:)g(:)45 b Fb(20)2025 3549 y(tok)n(en)11 b Fc(:)h(:)i(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
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-b Fb(4)2025 3409 y(translation,)27 b(nativ)n(e)e(languages)13
+(:)g(:)38 b Fb(4)2025 3637 y(translation,)27 b(nativ)n(e)e(languages)13
b Fc(:)i(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)40 b Fb(7)2025 3660 y Fr(V)2025 3776 y Fb(v)l(ariable,)26
+g(:)g(:)g(:)40 b Fb(7)2025 3894 y Fr(V)2025 4012 y Fb(v)l(ariable,)26
b(shell)8 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
-f(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(17)2025 3864 y(v)l(ariables,)27 b(readline)21
-b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)47
-b Fb(99)2025 4114 y Fr(W)2025 4230 y Fb(w)n(ord)21 b
-Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
+f(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(17)2025 4100 y(v)l(ariables,)27 b(readline)18
+b Fc(:)c(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
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+b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)47
+b Fb(25)2025 4819 y Fr(Y)2025 4938 y Fb(y)n(anking)25
+b(text)9 b Fc(:)j(:)h(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
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-end
-%%Page: 162 168
-TeXDict begin 162 167 bop eop end
+g(:)g(:)h(:)35 b Fb(99)p eop end
+%%Page: 164 170
+TeXDict begin 164 169 bop eop end
%%Trailer
userdict /end-hook known{end-hook}if
\entry{case}{11}{\code {case}}
\entry{in}{11}{\code {in}}
\entry{esac}{11}{\code {esac}}
-\entry{select}{11}{\code {select}}
+\entry{select}{12}{\code {select}}
\entry{[[}{12}{\code {[[}}
\entry{]]}{12}{\code {]]}}
\entry{{\tt \char 123}}{14}{\code {{\tt \char 123}}}
\entry {\code {if}}{10}
\entry {\code {in}}{11}
\initial {S}
-\entry {\code {select}}{11}
+\entry {\code {select}}{12}
\initial {T}
\entry {\code {then}}{10}
\entry {\code {time}}{8}
it might be equivalent to @samp{[aBbCcDdxXyYz]}, for example. To obtain
the traditional interpretation of ranges in bracket expressions, you can
force the use of the C locale by setting the @env{LC_COLLATE} or
-@env{LC_ALL} environment variable to the value @samp{C}.
+@env{LC_ALL} environment variable to the value @samp{C}, or enable the
+@code{globasciiranges} shell option.
Within @samp{[} and @samp{]}, @var{character classes} can be specified
using the syntax
quoted. This is the behavior of @sc{posix} mode through version 4.1.
The default Bash behavior remains as in previous versions.
+@item direxpand
+If set, Bash
+replaces directory names with the results of word expansion when performing
+filename completion. This changes the contents of the readline editing
+buffer.
+If not set, Bash attempts to preserve what the user typed.
+
@item dirspell
If set, Bash
attempts spelling correction on directory names during word completion
@xref{Bash Variables}, for a description of @env{FIGNORE}.
This option is enabled by default.
+@item globasciiranges
+If set, range expressions used in pattern matching (@pxref{Pattern Matching})
+behave as if in the traditional C locale when performing
+comparisons. That is, the current locale's collating sequence
+is not taken into account, so
+@samp{b} will not collate between @samp{A} and @samp{B},
+and upper-case and lower-case ASCII characters will collate together.
+
@item globstar
If set, the pattern @samp{**} used in a filename expansion context will
match all files and zero or more directories and subdirectories.
@numsubsecentry{Here Strings}{3.6.7}{}{30}
@numsubsecentry{Duplicating File Descriptors}{3.6.8}{}{30}
@numsubsecentry{Moving File Descriptors}{3.6.9}{}{30}
-@numsubsecentry{Opening File Descriptors for Reading and Writing}{3.6.10}{}{30}
+@numsubsecentry{Opening File Descriptors for Reading and Writing}{3.6.10}{}{31}
@numsecentry{Executing Commands}{3.7}{Executing Commands}{31}
@numsubsecentry{Simple Command Expansion}{3.7.1}{Simple Command Expansion}{31}
@numsubsecentry{Command Search and Execution}{3.7.2}{Command Search and Execution}{31}
@numsubsecentry{Environment}{3.7.4}{Environment}{33}
@numsubsecentry{Exit Status}{3.7.5}{Exit Status}{33}
@numsubsecentry{Signals}{3.7.6}{Signals}{34}
-@numsecentry{Shell Scripts}{3.8}{Shell Scripts}{34}
+@numsecentry{Shell Scripts}{3.8}{Shell Scripts}{35}
@numchapentry{Shell Builtin Commands}{4}{Shell Builtin Commands}{37}
@numsecentry{Bourne Shell Builtins}{4.1}{Bourne Shell Builtins}{37}
@numsecentry{Bash Builtin Commands}{4.2}{Bash Builtins}{43}
@numsubsecentry{The Set Builtin}{4.3.1}{The Set Builtin}{54}
@numsubsecentry{The Shopt Builtin}{4.3.2}{The Shopt Builtin}{57}
@numsecentry{Special Builtins}{4.4}{Special Builtins}{62}
-@numchapentry{Shell Variables}{5}{Shell Variables}{63}
-@numsecentry{Bourne Shell Variables}{5.1}{Bourne Shell Variables}{63}
-@numsecentry{Bash Variables}{5.2}{Bash Variables}{63}
-@numchapentry{Bash Features}{6}{Bash Features}{73}
-@numsecentry{Invoking Bash}{6.1}{Invoking Bash}{73}
-@numsecentry{Bash Startup Files}{6.2}{Bash Startup Files}{75}
-@numsecentry{Interactive Shells}{6.3}{Interactive Shells}{76}
-@numsubsecentry{What is an Interactive Shell?}{6.3.1}{What is an Interactive Shell?}{77}
-@numsubsecentry{Is this Shell Interactive?}{6.3.2}{Is this Shell Interactive?}{77}
-@numsubsecentry{Interactive Shell Behavior}{6.3.3}{Interactive Shell Behavior}{77}
-@numsecentry{Bash Conditional Expressions}{6.4}{Bash Conditional Expressions}{78}
-@numsecentry{Shell Arithmetic}{6.5}{Shell Arithmetic}{80}
-@numsecentry{Aliases}{6.6}{Aliases}{81}
-@numsecentry{Arrays}{6.7}{Arrays}{82}
-@numsecentry{The Directory Stack}{6.8}{The Directory Stack}{83}
-@numsubsecentry{Directory Stack Builtins}{6.8.1}{Directory Stack Builtins}{83}
-@numsecentry{Controlling the Prompt}{6.9}{Printing a Prompt}{84}
-@numsecentry{The Restricted Shell}{6.10}{The Restricted Shell}{86}
-@numsecentry{Bash POSIX Mode}{6.11}{Bash POSIX Mode}{86}
-@numchapentry{Job Control}{7}{Job Control}{91}
-@numsecentry{Job Control Basics}{7.1}{Job Control Basics}{91}
-@numsecentry{Job Control Builtins}{7.2}{Job Control Builtins}{92}
-@numsecentry{Job Control Variables}{7.3}{Job Control Variables}{94}
-@numchapentry{Command Line Editing}{8}{Command Line Editing}{95}
-@numsecentry{Introduction to Line Editing}{8.1}{Introduction and Notation}{95}
-@numsecentry{Readline Interaction}{8.2}{Readline Interaction}{95}
-@numsubsecentry{Readline Bare Essentials}{8.2.1}{Readline Bare Essentials}{96}
-@numsubsecentry{Readline Movement Commands}{8.2.2}{Readline Movement Commands}{96}
-@numsubsecentry{Readline Killing Commands}{8.2.3}{Readline Killing Commands}{97}
-@numsubsecentry{Readline Arguments}{8.2.4}{Readline Arguments}{97}
-@numsubsecentry{Searching for Commands in the History}{8.2.5}{Searching}{97}
-@numsecentry{Readline Init File}{8.3}{Readline Init File}{98}
-@numsubsecentry{Readline Init File Syntax}{8.3.1}{Readline Init File Syntax}{98}
-@numsubsecentry{Conditional Init Constructs}{8.3.2}{Conditional Init Constructs}{104}
-@numsubsecentry{Sample Init File}{8.3.3}{Sample Init File}{105}
-@numsecentry{Bindable Readline Commands}{8.4}{Bindable Readline Commands}{108}
-@numsubsecentry{Commands For Moving}{8.4.1}{Commands For Moving}{108}
-@numsubsecentry{Commands For Manipulating The History}{8.4.2}{Commands For History}{109}
-@numsubsecentry{Commands For Changing Text}{8.4.3}{Commands For Text}{110}
-@numsubsecentry{Killing And Yanking}{8.4.4}{Commands For Killing}{111}
-@numsubsecentry{Specifying Numeric Arguments}{8.4.5}{Numeric Arguments}{112}
-@numsubsecentry{Letting Readline Type For You}{8.4.6}{Commands For Completion}{112}
-@numsubsecentry{Keyboard Macros}{8.4.7}{Keyboard Macros}{114}
-@numsubsecentry{Some Miscellaneous Commands}{8.4.8}{Miscellaneous Commands}{114}
-@numsecentry{Readline vi Mode}{8.5}{Readline vi Mode}{117}
-@numsecentry{Programmable Completion}{8.6}{Programmable Completion}{117}
-@numsecentry{Programmable Completion Builtins}{8.7}{Programmable Completion Builtins}{119}
-@numchapentry{Using History Interactively}{9}{Using History Interactively}{125}
-@numsecentry{Bash History Facilities}{9.1}{Bash History Facilities}{125}
-@numsecentry{Bash History Builtins}{9.2}{Bash History Builtins}{125}
-@numsecentry{History Expansion}{9.3}{History Interaction}{127}
-@numsubsecentry{Event Designators}{9.3.1}{Event Designators}{127}
-@numsubsecentry{Word Designators}{9.3.2}{Word Designators}{128}
-@numsubsecentry{Modifiers}{9.3.3}{Modifiers}{129}
-@numchapentry{Installing Bash}{10}{Installing Bash}{131}
-@numsecentry{Basic Installation}{10.1}{Basic Installation}{131}
-@numsecentry{Compilers and Options}{10.2}{Compilers and Options}{132}
-@numsecentry{Compiling For Multiple Architectures}{10.3}{Compiling For Multiple Architectures}{132}
-@numsecentry{Installation Names}{10.4}{Installation Names}{132}
-@numsecentry{Specifying the System Type}{10.5}{Specifying the System Type}{132}
-@numsecentry{Sharing Defaults}{10.6}{Sharing Defaults}{133}
-@numsecentry{Operation Controls}{10.7}{Operation Controls}{133}
-@numsecentry{Optional Features}{10.8}{Optional Features}{133}
-@appentry{Reporting Bugs}{A}{Reporting Bugs}{139}
-@appentry{Major Differences From The Bourne Shell}{B}{Major Differences From The Bourne Shell}{141}
-@appsecentry{Implementation Differences From The SVR4.2 Shell}{B.1}{}{145}
-@appentry{GNU Free Documentation License}{C}{GNU Free Documentation License}{147}
-@appentry{Indexes}{D}{Indexes}{155}
-@appsecentry{Index of Shell Builtin Commands}{D.1}{Builtin Index}{155}
-@appsecentry{Index of Shell Reserved Words}{D.2}{Reserved Word Index}{156}
-@appsecentry{Parameter and Variable Index}{D.3}{Variable Index}{156}
-@appsecentry{Function Index}{D.4}{Function Index}{158}
-@appsecentry{Concept Index}{D.5}{Concept Index}{160}
+@numchapentry{Shell Variables}{5}{Shell Variables}{65}
+@numsecentry{Bourne Shell Variables}{5.1}{Bourne Shell Variables}{65}
+@numsecentry{Bash Variables}{5.2}{Bash Variables}{65}
+@numchapentry{Bash Features}{6}{Bash Features}{75}
+@numsecentry{Invoking Bash}{6.1}{Invoking Bash}{75}
+@numsecentry{Bash Startup Files}{6.2}{Bash Startup Files}{77}
+@numsecentry{Interactive Shells}{6.3}{Interactive Shells}{78}
+@numsubsecentry{What is an Interactive Shell?}{6.3.1}{What is an Interactive Shell?}{79}
+@numsubsecentry{Is this Shell Interactive?}{6.3.2}{Is this Shell Interactive?}{79}
+@numsubsecentry{Interactive Shell Behavior}{6.3.3}{Interactive Shell Behavior}{79}
+@numsecentry{Bash Conditional Expressions}{6.4}{Bash Conditional Expressions}{80}
+@numsecentry{Shell Arithmetic}{6.5}{Shell Arithmetic}{82}
+@numsecentry{Aliases}{6.6}{Aliases}{83}
+@numsecentry{Arrays}{6.7}{Arrays}{84}
+@numsecentry{The Directory Stack}{6.8}{The Directory Stack}{85}
+@numsubsecentry{Directory Stack Builtins}{6.8.1}{Directory Stack Builtins}{85}
+@numsecentry{Controlling the Prompt}{6.9}{Printing a Prompt}{86}
+@numsecentry{The Restricted Shell}{6.10}{The Restricted Shell}{88}
+@numsecentry{Bash POSIX Mode}{6.11}{Bash POSIX Mode}{88}
+@numchapentry{Job Control}{7}{Job Control}{93}
+@numsecentry{Job Control Basics}{7.1}{Job Control Basics}{93}
+@numsecentry{Job Control Builtins}{7.2}{Job Control Builtins}{94}
+@numsecentry{Job Control Variables}{7.3}{Job Control Variables}{96}
+@numchapentry{Command Line Editing}{8}{Command Line Editing}{97}
+@numsecentry{Introduction to Line Editing}{8.1}{Introduction and Notation}{97}
+@numsecentry{Readline Interaction}{8.2}{Readline Interaction}{97}
+@numsubsecentry{Readline Bare Essentials}{8.2.1}{Readline Bare Essentials}{98}
+@numsubsecentry{Readline Movement Commands}{8.2.2}{Readline Movement Commands}{98}
+@numsubsecentry{Readline Killing Commands}{8.2.3}{Readline Killing Commands}{99}
+@numsubsecentry{Readline Arguments}{8.2.4}{Readline Arguments}{99}
+@numsubsecentry{Searching for Commands in the History}{8.2.5}{Searching}{99}
+@numsecentry{Readline Init File}{8.3}{Readline Init File}{100}
+@numsubsecentry{Readline Init File Syntax}{8.3.1}{Readline Init File Syntax}{100}
+@numsubsecentry{Conditional Init Constructs}{8.3.2}{Conditional Init Constructs}{106}
+@numsubsecentry{Sample Init File}{8.3.3}{Sample Init File}{107}
+@numsecentry{Bindable Readline Commands}{8.4}{Bindable Readline Commands}{110}
+@numsubsecentry{Commands For Moving}{8.4.1}{Commands For Moving}{110}
+@numsubsecentry{Commands For Manipulating The History}{8.4.2}{Commands For History}{111}
+@numsubsecentry{Commands For Changing Text}{8.4.3}{Commands For Text}{112}
+@numsubsecentry{Killing And Yanking}{8.4.4}{Commands For Killing}{113}
+@numsubsecentry{Specifying Numeric Arguments}{8.4.5}{Numeric Arguments}{114}
+@numsubsecentry{Letting Readline Type For You}{8.4.6}{Commands For Completion}{115}
+@numsubsecentry{Keyboard Macros}{8.4.7}{Keyboard Macros}{116}
+@numsubsecentry{Some Miscellaneous Commands}{8.4.8}{Miscellaneous Commands}{117}
+@numsecentry{Readline vi Mode}{8.5}{Readline vi Mode}{119}
+@numsecentry{Programmable Completion}{8.6}{Programmable Completion}{119}
+@numsecentry{Programmable Completion Builtins}{8.7}{Programmable Completion Builtins}{121}
+@numchapentry{Using History Interactively}{9}{Using History Interactively}{127}
+@numsecentry{Bash History Facilities}{9.1}{Bash History Facilities}{127}
+@numsecentry{Bash History Builtins}{9.2}{Bash History Builtins}{127}
+@numsecentry{History Expansion}{9.3}{History Interaction}{129}
+@numsubsecentry{Event Designators}{9.3.1}{Event Designators}{129}
+@numsubsecentry{Word Designators}{9.3.2}{Word Designators}{130}
+@numsubsecentry{Modifiers}{9.3.3}{Modifiers}{131}
+@numchapentry{Installing Bash}{10}{Installing Bash}{133}
+@numsecentry{Basic Installation}{10.1}{Basic Installation}{133}
+@numsecentry{Compilers and Options}{10.2}{Compilers and Options}{134}
+@numsecentry{Compiling For Multiple Architectures}{10.3}{Compiling For Multiple Architectures}{134}
+@numsecentry{Installation Names}{10.4}{Installation Names}{134}
+@numsecentry{Specifying the System Type}{10.5}{Specifying the System Type}{134}
+@numsecentry{Sharing Defaults}{10.6}{Sharing Defaults}{135}
+@numsecentry{Operation Controls}{10.7}{Operation Controls}{135}
+@numsecentry{Optional Features}{10.8}{Optional Features}{135}
+@appentry{Reporting Bugs}{A}{Reporting Bugs}{141}
+@appentry{Major Differences From The Bourne Shell}{B}{Major Differences From The Bourne Shell}{143}
+@appsecentry{Implementation Differences From The SVR4.2 Shell}{B.1}{}{147}
+@appentry{GNU Free Documentation License}{C}{GNU Free Documentation License}{149}
+@appentry{Indexes}{D}{Indexes}{157}
+@appsecentry{Index of Shell Builtin Commands}{D.1}{Builtin Index}{157}
+@appsecentry{Index of Shell Reserved Words}{D.2}{Reserved Word Index}{158}
+@appsecentry{Parameter and Variable Index}{D.3}{Variable Index}{158}
+@appsecentry{Function Index}{D.4}{Function Index}{160}
+@appsecentry{Concept Index}{D.5}{Concept Index}{162}
\entry{!}{18}{\code {!}}
\entry{0}{18}{\code {0}}
\entry{_}{18}{\code {_}}
-\entry{CDPATH}{63}{\code {CDPATH}}
-\entry{HOME}{63}{\code {HOME}}
-\entry{IFS}{63}{\code {IFS}}
-\entry{MAIL}{63}{\code {MAIL}}
-\entry{MAILPATH}{63}{\code {MAILPATH}}
-\entry{OPTARG}{63}{\code {OPTARG}}
-\entry{OPTIND}{63}{\code {OPTIND}}
-\entry{PATH}{63}{\code {PATH}}
-\entry{PS1}{63}{\code {PS1}}
-\entry{PS2}{63}{\code {PS2}}
-\entry{BASH}{63}{\code {BASH}}
-\entry{BASHOPTS}{64}{\code {BASHOPTS}}
-\entry{BASHPID}{64}{\code {BASHPID}}
-\entry{BASH_ALIASES}{64}{\code {BASH_ALIASES}}
-\entry{BASH_ARGC}{64}{\code {BASH_ARGC}}
-\entry{BASH_ARGV}{64}{\code {BASH_ARGV}}
-\entry{BASH_CMDS}{64}{\code {BASH_CMDS}}
-\entry{BASH_COMMAND}{64}{\code {BASH_COMMAND}}
-\entry{BASH_ENV}{64}{\code {BASH_ENV}}
-\entry{BASH_EXECUTION_STRING}{64}{\code {BASH_EXECUTION_STRING}}
-\entry{BASH_LINENO}{65}{\code {BASH_LINENO}}
-\entry{BASH_REMATCH}{65}{\code {BASH_REMATCH}}
-\entry{BASH_SOURCE}{65}{\code {BASH_SOURCE}}
-\entry{BASH_SUBSHELL}{65}{\code {BASH_SUBSHELL}}
-\entry{BASH_VERSINFO}{65}{\code {BASH_VERSINFO}}
-\entry{BASH_VERSION}{65}{\code {BASH_VERSION}}
-\entry{BASH_XTRACEFD}{65}{\code {BASH_XTRACEFD}}
-\entry{COLUMNS}{66}{\code {COLUMNS}}
-\entry{COMP_CWORD}{66}{\code {COMP_CWORD}}
-\entry{COMP_LINE}{66}{\code {COMP_LINE}}
-\entry{COMP_POINT}{66}{\code {COMP_POINT}}
-\entry{COMP_TYPE}{66}{\code {COMP_TYPE}}
-\entry{COMP_KEY}{66}{\code {COMP_KEY}}
-\entry{COMP_WORDBREAKS}{66}{\code {COMP_WORDBREAKS}}
-\entry{COMP_WORDS}{66}{\code {COMP_WORDS}}
-\entry{COMPREPLY}{67}{\code {COMPREPLY}}
-\entry{COPROC}{67}{\code {COPROC}}
-\entry{DIRSTACK}{67}{\code {DIRSTACK}}
-\entry{EMACS}{67}{\code {EMACS}}
-\entry{ENV}{67}{\code {ENV}}
-\entry{EUID}{67}{\code {EUID}}
-\entry{FCEDIT}{67}{\code {FCEDIT}}
-\entry{FIGNORE}{67}{\code {FIGNORE}}
-\entry{FUNCNAME}{67}{\code {FUNCNAME}}
-\entry{FUNCNEST}{67}{\code {FUNCNEST}}
-\entry{GLOBIGNORE}{67}{\code {GLOBIGNORE}}
-\entry{GROUPS}{68}{\code {GROUPS}}
-\entry{histchars}{68}{\code {histchars}}
-\entry{HISTCMD}{68}{\code {HISTCMD}}
-\entry{HISTCONTROL}{68}{\code {HISTCONTROL}}
-\entry{HISTFILE}{68}{\code {HISTFILE}}
-\entry{HISTFILESIZE}{68}{\code {HISTFILESIZE}}
-\entry{HISTIGNORE}{68}{\code {HISTIGNORE}}
-\entry{HISTSIZE}{69}{\code {HISTSIZE}}
-\entry{HISTTIMEFORMAT}{69}{\code {HISTTIMEFORMAT}}
-\entry{HOSTFILE}{69}{\code {HOSTFILE}}
-\entry{HOSTNAME}{69}{\code {HOSTNAME}}
-\entry{HOSTTYPE}{69}{\code {HOSTTYPE}}
-\entry{IGNOREEOF}{69}{\code {IGNOREEOF}}
-\entry{INPUTRC}{69}{\code {INPUTRC}}
-\entry{LANG}{69}{\code {LANG}}
-\entry{LC_ALL}{69}{\code {LC_ALL}}
-\entry{LC_COLLATE}{69}{\code {LC_COLLATE}}
-\entry{LC_CTYPE}{70}{\code {LC_CTYPE}}
-\entry{LC_MESSAGES}{70}{\code {LC_MESSAGES}}
-\entry{LC_NUMERIC}{70}{\code {LC_NUMERIC}}
-\entry{LINENO}{70}{\code {LINENO}}
-\entry{LINES}{70}{\code {LINES}}
-\entry{MACHTYPE}{70}{\code {MACHTYPE}}
-\entry{MAILCHECK}{70}{\code {MAILCHECK}}
-\entry{MAPFILE}{70}{\code {MAPFILE}}
-\entry{OLDPWD}{70}{\code {OLDPWD}}
-\entry{OPTERR}{70}{\code {OPTERR}}
-\entry{OSTYPE}{70}{\code {OSTYPE}}
-\entry{PIPESTATUS}{70}{\code {PIPESTATUS}}
-\entry{POSIXLY_CORRECT}{70}{\code {POSIXLY_CORRECT}}
-\entry{PPID}{70}{\code {PPID}}
-\entry{PROMPT_COMMAND}{70}{\code {PROMPT_COMMAND}}
-\entry{PROMPT_DIRTRIM}{71}{\code {PROMPT_DIRTRIM}}
-\entry{PS3}{71}{\code {PS3}}
-\entry{PS4}{71}{\code {PS4}}
-\entry{PWD}{71}{\code {PWD}}
-\entry{RANDOM}{71}{\code {RANDOM}}
-\entry{READLINE_LINE}{71}{\code {READLINE_LINE}}
-\entry{READLINE_POINT}{71}{\code {READLINE_POINT}}
-\entry{REPLY}{71}{\code {REPLY}}
-\entry{SECONDS}{71}{\code {SECONDS}}
-\entry{SHELL}{71}{\code {SHELL}}
-\entry{SHELLOPTS}{71}{\code {SHELLOPTS}}
-\entry{SHLVL}{71}{\code {SHLVL}}
-\entry{TIMEFORMAT}{71}{\code {TIMEFORMAT}}
-\entry{TMOUT}{72}{\code {TMOUT}}
-\entry{TMPDIR}{72}{\code {TMPDIR}}
-\entry{UID}{72}{\code {UID}}
-\entry{auto_resume}{94}{\code {auto_resume}}
-\entry{bell-style}{99}{\code {bell-style}}
-\entry{bind-tty-special-chars}{99}{\code {bind-tty-special-chars}}
-\entry{comment-begin}{99}{\code {comment-begin}}
-\entry{completion-display-width}{99}{\code {completion-display-width}}
-\entry{completion-ignore-case}{99}{\code {completion-ignore-case}}
-\entry{completion-map-case}{99}{\code {completion-map-case}}
-\entry{completion-prefix-display-length}{99}{\code {completion-prefix-display-length}}
-\entry{completion-query-items}{100}{\code {completion-query-items}}
-\entry{convert-meta}{100}{\code {convert-meta}}
-\entry{disable-completion}{100}{\code {disable-completion}}
-\entry{editing-mode}{100}{\code {editing-mode}}
-\entry{enable-keypad}{100}{\code {enable-keypad}}
-\entry{expand-tilde}{100}{\code {expand-tilde}}
-\entry{history-preserve-point}{100}{\code {history-preserve-point}}
-\entry{history-size}{101}{\code {history-size}}
-\entry{horizontal-scroll-mode}{101}{\code {horizontal-scroll-mode}}
-\entry{input-meta}{101}{\code {input-meta}}
-\entry{meta-flag}{101}{\code {meta-flag}}
-\entry{isearch-terminators}{101}{\code {isearch-terminators}}
-\entry{keymap}{101}{\code {keymap}}
-\entry{mark-modified-lines}{101}{\code {mark-modified-lines}}
-\entry{mark-symlinked-directories}{101}{\code {mark-symlinked-directories}}
-\entry{match-hidden-files}{101}{\code {match-hidden-files}}
-\entry{menu-complete-display-prefix}{102}{\code {menu-complete-display-prefix}}
-\entry{output-meta}{102}{\code {output-meta}}
-\entry{page-completions}{102}{\code {page-completions}}
-\entry{revert-all-at-newline}{102}{\code {revert-all-at-newline}}
-\entry{show-all-if-ambiguous}{102}{\code {show-all-if-ambiguous}}
-\entry{show-all-if-unmodified}{102}{\code {show-all-if-unmodified}}
-\entry{skip-completed-text}{102}{\code {skip-completed-text}}
-\entry{visible-stats}{103}{\code {visible-stats}}
+\entry{CDPATH}{65}{\code {CDPATH}}
+\entry{HOME}{65}{\code {HOME}}
+\entry{IFS}{65}{\code {IFS}}
+\entry{MAIL}{65}{\code {MAIL}}
+\entry{MAILPATH}{65}{\code {MAILPATH}}
+\entry{OPTARG}{65}{\code {OPTARG}}
+\entry{OPTIND}{65}{\code {OPTIND}}
+\entry{PATH}{65}{\code {PATH}}
+\entry{PS1}{65}{\code {PS1}}
+\entry{PS2}{65}{\code {PS2}}
+\entry{BASH}{65}{\code {BASH}}
+\entry{BASHOPTS}{66}{\code {BASHOPTS}}
+\entry{BASHPID}{66}{\code {BASHPID}}
+\entry{BASH_ALIASES}{66}{\code {BASH_ALIASES}}
+\entry{BASH_ARGC}{66}{\code {BASH_ARGC}}
+\entry{BASH_ARGV}{66}{\code {BASH_ARGV}}
+\entry{BASH_CMDS}{66}{\code {BASH_CMDS}}
+\entry{BASH_COMMAND}{66}{\code {BASH_COMMAND}}
+\entry{BASH_ENV}{66}{\code {BASH_ENV}}
+\entry{BASH_EXECUTION_STRING}{66}{\code {BASH_EXECUTION_STRING}}
+\entry{BASH_LINENO}{67}{\code {BASH_LINENO}}
+\entry{BASH_REMATCH}{67}{\code {BASH_REMATCH}}
+\entry{BASH_SOURCE}{67}{\code {BASH_SOURCE}}
+\entry{BASH_SUBSHELL}{67}{\code {BASH_SUBSHELL}}
+\entry{BASH_VERSINFO}{67}{\code {BASH_VERSINFO}}
+\entry{BASH_VERSION}{67}{\code {BASH_VERSION}}
+\entry{BASH_XTRACEFD}{67}{\code {BASH_XTRACEFD}}
+\entry{COLUMNS}{68}{\code {COLUMNS}}
+\entry{COMP_CWORD}{68}{\code {COMP_CWORD}}
+\entry{COMP_LINE}{68}{\code {COMP_LINE}}
+\entry{COMP_POINT}{68}{\code {COMP_POINT}}
+\entry{COMP_TYPE}{68}{\code {COMP_TYPE}}
+\entry{COMP_KEY}{68}{\code {COMP_KEY}}
+\entry{COMP_WORDBREAKS}{68}{\code {COMP_WORDBREAKS}}
+\entry{COMP_WORDS}{68}{\code {COMP_WORDS}}
+\entry{COMPREPLY}{69}{\code {COMPREPLY}}
+\entry{COPROC}{69}{\code {COPROC}}
+\entry{DIRSTACK}{69}{\code {DIRSTACK}}
+\entry{EMACS}{69}{\code {EMACS}}
+\entry{ENV}{69}{\code {ENV}}
+\entry{EUID}{69}{\code {EUID}}
+\entry{FCEDIT}{69}{\code {FCEDIT}}
+\entry{FIGNORE}{69}{\code {FIGNORE}}
+\entry{FUNCNAME}{69}{\code {FUNCNAME}}
+\entry{FUNCNEST}{69}{\code {FUNCNEST}}
+\entry{GLOBIGNORE}{69}{\code {GLOBIGNORE}}
+\entry{GROUPS}{70}{\code {GROUPS}}
+\entry{histchars}{70}{\code {histchars}}
+\entry{HISTCMD}{70}{\code {HISTCMD}}
+\entry{HISTCONTROL}{70}{\code {HISTCONTROL}}
+\entry{HISTFILE}{70}{\code {HISTFILE}}
+\entry{HISTFILESIZE}{70}{\code {HISTFILESIZE}}
+\entry{HISTIGNORE}{70}{\code {HISTIGNORE}}
+\entry{HISTSIZE}{71}{\code {HISTSIZE}}
+\entry{HISTTIMEFORMAT}{71}{\code {HISTTIMEFORMAT}}
+\entry{HOSTFILE}{71}{\code {HOSTFILE}}
+\entry{HOSTNAME}{71}{\code {HOSTNAME}}
+\entry{HOSTTYPE}{71}{\code {HOSTTYPE}}
+\entry{IGNOREEOF}{71}{\code {IGNOREEOF}}
+\entry{INPUTRC}{71}{\code {INPUTRC}}
+\entry{LANG}{71}{\code {LANG}}
+\entry{LC_ALL}{71}{\code {LC_ALL}}
+\entry{LC_COLLATE}{71}{\code {LC_COLLATE}}
+\entry{LC_CTYPE}{72}{\code {LC_CTYPE}}
+\entry{LC_MESSAGES}{72}{\code {LC_MESSAGES}}
+\entry{LC_NUMERIC}{72}{\code {LC_NUMERIC}}
+\entry{LINENO}{72}{\code {LINENO}}
+\entry{LINES}{72}{\code {LINES}}
+\entry{MACHTYPE}{72}{\code {MACHTYPE}}
+\entry{MAILCHECK}{72}{\code {MAILCHECK}}
+\entry{MAPFILE}{72}{\code {MAPFILE}}
+\entry{OLDPWD}{72}{\code {OLDPWD}}
+\entry{OPTERR}{72}{\code {OPTERR}}
+\entry{OSTYPE}{72}{\code {OSTYPE}}
+\entry{PIPESTATUS}{72}{\code {PIPESTATUS}}
+\entry{POSIXLY_CORRECT}{72}{\code {POSIXLY_CORRECT}}
+\entry{PPID}{72}{\code {PPID}}
+\entry{PROMPT_COMMAND}{72}{\code {PROMPT_COMMAND}}
+\entry{PROMPT_DIRTRIM}{73}{\code {PROMPT_DIRTRIM}}
+\entry{PS3}{73}{\code {PS3}}
+\entry{PS4}{73}{\code {PS4}}
+\entry{PWD}{73}{\code {PWD}}
+\entry{RANDOM}{73}{\code {RANDOM}}
+\entry{READLINE_LINE}{73}{\code {READLINE_LINE}}
+\entry{READLINE_POINT}{73}{\code {READLINE_POINT}}
+\entry{REPLY}{73}{\code {REPLY}}
+\entry{SECONDS}{73}{\code {SECONDS}}
+\entry{SHELL}{73}{\code {SHELL}}
+\entry{SHELLOPTS}{73}{\code {SHELLOPTS}}
+\entry{SHLVL}{73}{\code {SHLVL}}
+\entry{TIMEFORMAT}{73}{\code {TIMEFORMAT}}
+\entry{TMOUT}{74}{\code {TMOUT}}
+\entry{TMPDIR}{74}{\code {TMPDIR}}
+\entry{UID}{74}{\code {UID}}
+\entry{auto_resume}{96}{\code {auto_resume}}
+\entry{bell-style}{101}{\code {bell-style}}
+\entry{bind-tty-special-chars}{101}{\code {bind-tty-special-chars}}
+\entry{comment-begin}{101}{\code {comment-begin}}
+\entry{completion-display-width}{101}{\code {completion-display-width}}
+\entry{completion-ignore-case}{101}{\code {completion-ignore-case}}
+\entry{completion-map-case}{101}{\code {completion-map-case}}
+\entry{completion-prefix-display-length}{101}{\code {completion-prefix-display-length}}
+\entry{completion-query-items}{102}{\code {completion-query-items}}
+\entry{convert-meta}{102}{\code {convert-meta}}
+\entry{disable-completion}{102}{\code {disable-completion}}
+\entry{editing-mode}{102}{\code {editing-mode}}
+\entry{enable-keypad}{102}{\code {enable-keypad}}
+\entry{expand-tilde}{102}{\code {expand-tilde}}
+\entry{history-preserve-point}{102}{\code {history-preserve-point}}
+\entry{history-size}{103}{\code {history-size}}
+\entry{horizontal-scroll-mode}{103}{\code {horizontal-scroll-mode}}
+\entry{input-meta}{103}{\code {input-meta}}
+\entry{meta-flag}{103}{\code {meta-flag}}
+\entry{isearch-terminators}{103}{\code {isearch-terminators}}
+\entry{keymap}{103}{\code {keymap}}
+\entry{mark-modified-lines}{103}{\code {mark-modified-lines}}
+\entry{mark-symlinked-directories}{103}{\code {mark-symlinked-directories}}
+\entry{match-hidden-files}{103}{\code {match-hidden-files}}
+\entry{menu-complete-display-prefix}{104}{\code {menu-complete-display-prefix}}
+\entry{output-meta}{104}{\code {output-meta}}
+\entry{page-completions}{104}{\code {page-completions}}
+\entry{revert-all-at-newline}{104}{\code {revert-all-at-newline}}
+\entry{show-all-if-ambiguous}{104}{\code {show-all-if-ambiguous}}
+\entry{show-all-if-unmodified}{104}{\code {show-all-if-unmodified}}
+\entry{skip-completed-text}{104}{\code {skip-completed-text}}
+\entry{visible-stats}{105}{\code {visible-stats}}
\initial {0}
\entry {\code {0}}{18}
\initial {A}
-\entry {\code {auto_resume}}{94}
+\entry {\code {auto_resume}}{96}
\initial {B}
-\entry {\code {BASH}}{63}
-\entry {\code {BASH_ALIASES}}{64}
-\entry {\code {BASH_ARGC}}{64}
-\entry {\code {BASH_ARGV}}{64}
-\entry {\code {BASH_CMDS}}{64}
-\entry {\code {BASH_COMMAND}}{64}
-\entry {\code {BASH_ENV}}{64}
-\entry {\code {BASH_EXECUTION_STRING}}{64}
-\entry {\code {BASH_LINENO}}{65}
-\entry {\code {BASH_REMATCH}}{65}
-\entry {\code {BASH_SOURCE}}{65}
-\entry {\code {BASH_SUBSHELL}}{65}
-\entry {\code {BASH_VERSINFO}}{65}
-\entry {\code {BASH_VERSION}}{65}
-\entry {\code {BASH_XTRACEFD}}{65}
-\entry {\code {BASHOPTS}}{64}
-\entry {\code {BASHPID}}{64}
-\entry {\code {bell-style}}{99}
-\entry {\code {bind-tty-special-chars}}{99}
+\entry {\code {BASH}}{65}
+\entry {\code {BASH_ALIASES}}{66}
+\entry {\code {BASH_ARGC}}{66}
+\entry {\code {BASH_ARGV}}{66}
+\entry {\code {BASH_CMDS}}{66}
+\entry {\code {BASH_COMMAND}}{66}
+\entry {\code {BASH_ENV}}{66}
+\entry {\code {BASH_EXECUTION_STRING}}{66}
+\entry {\code {BASH_LINENO}}{67}
+\entry {\code {BASH_REMATCH}}{67}
+\entry {\code {BASH_SOURCE}}{67}
+\entry {\code {BASH_SUBSHELL}}{67}
+\entry {\code {BASH_VERSINFO}}{67}
+\entry {\code {BASH_VERSION}}{67}
+\entry {\code {BASH_XTRACEFD}}{67}
+\entry {\code {BASHOPTS}}{66}
+\entry {\code {BASHPID}}{66}
+\entry {\code {bell-style}}{101}
+\entry {\code {bind-tty-special-chars}}{101}
\initial {C}
-\entry {\code {CDPATH}}{63}
-\entry {\code {COLUMNS}}{66}
-\entry {\code {comment-begin}}{99}
-\entry {\code {COMP_CWORD}}{66}
-\entry {\code {COMP_KEY}}{66}
-\entry {\code {COMP_LINE}}{66}
-\entry {\code {COMP_POINT}}{66}
-\entry {\code {COMP_TYPE}}{66}
-\entry {\code {COMP_WORDBREAKS}}{66}
-\entry {\code {COMP_WORDS}}{66}
-\entry {\code {completion-display-width}}{99}
-\entry {\code {completion-ignore-case}}{99}
-\entry {\code {completion-map-case}}{99}
-\entry {\code {completion-prefix-display-length}}{99}
-\entry {\code {completion-query-items}}{100}
-\entry {\code {COMPREPLY}}{67}
-\entry {\code {convert-meta}}{100}
-\entry {\code {COPROC}}{67}
+\entry {\code {CDPATH}}{65}
+\entry {\code {COLUMNS}}{68}
+\entry {\code {comment-begin}}{101}
+\entry {\code {COMP_CWORD}}{68}
+\entry {\code {COMP_KEY}}{68}
+\entry {\code {COMP_LINE}}{68}
+\entry {\code {COMP_POINT}}{68}
+\entry {\code {COMP_TYPE}}{68}
+\entry {\code {COMP_WORDBREAKS}}{68}
+\entry {\code {COMP_WORDS}}{68}
+\entry {\code {completion-display-width}}{101}
+\entry {\code {completion-ignore-case}}{101}
+\entry {\code {completion-map-case}}{101}
+\entry {\code {completion-prefix-display-length}}{101}
+\entry {\code {completion-query-items}}{102}
+\entry {\code {COMPREPLY}}{69}
+\entry {\code {convert-meta}}{102}
+\entry {\code {COPROC}}{69}
\initial {D}
-\entry {\code {DIRSTACK}}{67}
-\entry {\code {disable-completion}}{100}
+\entry {\code {DIRSTACK}}{69}
+\entry {\code {disable-completion}}{102}
\initial {E}
-\entry {\code {editing-mode}}{100}
-\entry {\code {EMACS}}{67}
-\entry {\code {enable-keypad}}{100}
-\entry {\code {ENV}}{67}
-\entry {\code {EUID}}{67}
-\entry {\code {expand-tilde}}{100}
+\entry {\code {editing-mode}}{102}
+\entry {\code {EMACS}}{69}
+\entry {\code {enable-keypad}}{102}
+\entry {\code {ENV}}{69}
+\entry {\code {EUID}}{69}
+\entry {\code {expand-tilde}}{102}
\initial {F}
-\entry {\code {FCEDIT}}{67}
-\entry {\code {FIGNORE}}{67}
-\entry {\code {FUNCNAME}}{67}
-\entry {\code {FUNCNEST}}{67}
+\entry {\code {FCEDIT}}{69}
+\entry {\code {FIGNORE}}{69}
+\entry {\code {FUNCNAME}}{69}
+\entry {\code {FUNCNEST}}{69}
\initial {G}
-\entry {\code {GLOBIGNORE}}{67}
-\entry {\code {GROUPS}}{68}
+\entry {\code {GLOBIGNORE}}{69}
+\entry {\code {GROUPS}}{70}
\initial {H}
-\entry {\code {histchars}}{68}
-\entry {\code {HISTCMD}}{68}
-\entry {\code {HISTCONTROL}}{68}
-\entry {\code {HISTFILE}}{68}
-\entry {\code {HISTFILESIZE}}{68}
-\entry {\code {HISTIGNORE}}{68}
-\entry {\code {history-preserve-point}}{100}
-\entry {\code {history-size}}{101}
-\entry {\code {HISTSIZE}}{69}
-\entry {\code {HISTTIMEFORMAT}}{69}
-\entry {\code {HOME}}{63}
-\entry {\code {horizontal-scroll-mode}}{101}
-\entry {\code {HOSTFILE}}{69}
-\entry {\code {HOSTNAME}}{69}
-\entry {\code {HOSTTYPE}}{69}
+\entry {\code {histchars}}{70}
+\entry {\code {HISTCMD}}{70}
+\entry {\code {HISTCONTROL}}{70}
+\entry {\code {HISTFILE}}{70}
+\entry {\code {HISTFILESIZE}}{70}
+\entry {\code {HISTIGNORE}}{70}
+\entry {\code {history-preserve-point}}{102}
+\entry {\code {history-size}}{103}
+\entry {\code {HISTSIZE}}{71}
+\entry {\code {HISTTIMEFORMAT}}{71}
+\entry {\code {HOME}}{65}
+\entry {\code {horizontal-scroll-mode}}{103}
+\entry {\code {HOSTFILE}}{71}
+\entry {\code {HOSTNAME}}{71}
+\entry {\code {HOSTTYPE}}{71}
\initial {I}
-\entry {\code {IFS}}{63}
-\entry {\code {IGNOREEOF}}{69}
-\entry {\code {input-meta}}{101}
-\entry {\code {INPUTRC}}{69}
-\entry {\code {isearch-terminators}}{101}
+\entry {\code {IFS}}{65}
+\entry {\code {IGNOREEOF}}{71}
+\entry {\code {input-meta}}{103}
+\entry {\code {INPUTRC}}{71}
+\entry {\code {isearch-terminators}}{103}
\initial {K}
-\entry {\code {keymap}}{101}
+\entry {\code {keymap}}{103}
\initial {L}
-\entry {\code {LANG}}{69}
-\entry {\code {LC_ALL}}{69}
-\entry {\code {LC_COLLATE}}{69}
-\entry {\code {LC_CTYPE}}{70}
-\entry {\code {LC_MESSAGES}}{7, 70}
-\entry {\code {LC_NUMERIC}}{70}
-\entry {\code {LINENO}}{70}
-\entry {\code {LINES}}{70}
+\entry {\code {LANG}}{71}
+\entry {\code {LC_ALL}}{71}
+\entry {\code {LC_COLLATE}}{71}
+\entry {\code {LC_CTYPE}}{72}
+\entry {\code {LC_MESSAGES}}{7, 72}
+\entry {\code {LC_NUMERIC}}{72}
+\entry {\code {LINENO}}{72}
+\entry {\code {LINES}}{72}
\initial {M}
-\entry {\code {MACHTYPE}}{70}
-\entry {\code {MAIL}}{63}
-\entry {\code {MAILCHECK}}{70}
-\entry {\code {MAILPATH}}{63}
-\entry {\code {MAPFILE}}{70}
-\entry {\code {mark-modified-lines}}{101}
-\entry {\code {mark-symlinked-directories}}{101}
-\entry {\code {match-hidden-files}}{101}
-\entry {\code {menu-complete-display-prefix}}{102}
-\entry {\code {meta-flag}}{101}
+\entry {\code {MACHTYPE}}{72}
+\entry {\code {MAIL}}{65}
+\entry {\code {MAILCHECK}}{72}
+\entry {\code {MAILPATH}}{65}
+\entry {\code {MAPFILE}}{72}
+\entry {\code {mark-modified-lines}}{103}
+\entry {\code {mark-symlinked-directories}}{103}
+\entry {\code {match-hidden-files}}{103}
+\entry {\code {menu-complete-display-prefix}}{104}
+\entry {\code {meta-flag}}{103}
\initial {O}
-\entry {\code {OLDPWD}}{70}
-\entry {\code {OPTARG}}{63}
-\entry {\code {OPTERR}}{70}
-\entry {\code {OPTIND}}{63}
-\entry {\code {OSTYPE}}{70}
-\entry {\code {output-meta}}{102}
+\entry {\code {OLDPWD}}{72}
+\entry {\code {OPTARG}}{65}
+\entry {\code {OPTERR}}{72}
+\entry {\code {OPTIND}}{65}
+\entry {\code {OSTYPE}}{72}
+\entry {\code {output-meta}}{104}
\initial {P}
-\entry {\code {page-completions}}{102}
-\entry {\code {PATH}}{63}
-\entry {\code {PIPESTATUS}}{70}
-\entry {\code {POSIXLY_CORRECT}}{70}
-\entry {\code {PPID}}{70}
-\entry {\code {PROMPT_COMMAND}}{70}
-\entry {\code {PROMPT_DIRTRIM}}{71}
-\entry {\code {PS1}}{63}
-\entry {\code {PS2}}{63}
-\entry {\code {PS3}}{71}
-\entry {\code {PS4}}{71}
-\entry {\code {PWD}}{71}
+\entry {\code {page-completions}}{104}
+\entry {\code {PATH}}{65}
+\entry {\code {PIPESTATUS}}{72}
+\entry {\code {POSIXLY_CORRECT}}{72}
+\entry {\code {PPID}}{72}
+\entry {\code {PROMPT_COMMAND}}{72}
+\entry {\code {PROMPT_DIRTRIM}}{73}
+\entry {\code {PS1}}{65}
+\entry {\code {PS2}}{65}
+\entry {\code {PS3}}{73}
+\entry {\code {PS4}}{73}
+\entry {\code {PWD}}{73}
\initial {R}
-\entry {\code {RANDOM}}{71}
-\entry {\code {READLINE_LINE}}{71}
-\entry {\code {READLINE_POINT}}{71}
-\entry {\code {REPLY}}{71}
-\entry {\code {revert-all-at-newline}}{102}
+\entry {\code {RANDOM}}{73}
+\entry {\code {READLINE_LINE}}{73}
+\entry {\code {READLINE_POINT}}{73}
+\entry {\code {REPLY}}{73}
+\entry {\code {revert-all-at-newline}}{104}
\initial {S}
-\entry {\code {SECONDS}}{71}
-\entry {\code {SHELL}}{71}
-\entry {\code {SHELLOPTS}}{71}
-\entry {\code {SHLVL}}{71}
-\entry {\code {show-all-if-ambiguous}}{102}
-\entry {\code {show-all-if-unmodified}}{102}
-\entry {\code {skip-completed-text}}{102}
+\entry {\code {SECONDS}}{73}
+\entry {\code {SHELL}}{73}
+\entry {\code {SHELLOPTS}}{73}
+\entry {\code {SHLVL}}{73}
+\entry {\code {show-all-if-ambiguous}}{104}
+\entry {\code {show-all-if-unmodified}}{104}
+\entry {\code {skip-completed-text}}{104}
\initial {T}
\entry {\code {TEXTDOMAIN}}{7}
\entry {\code {TEXTDOMAINDIR}}{7}
-\entry {\code {TIMEFORMAT}}{71}
-\entry {\code {TMOUT}}{72}
-\entry {\code {TMPDIR}}{72}
+\entry {\code {TIMEFORMAT}}{73}
+\entry {\code {TMOUT}}{74}
+\entry {\code {TMPDIR}}{74}
\initial {U}
-\entry {\code {UID}}{72}
+\entry {\code {UID}}{74}
\initial {V}
-\entry {\code {visible-stats}}{103}
+\entry {\code {visible-stats}}{105}
e\bec\bch\bho\bo [-\b-n\bne\beE\bE] [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
Output the _\ba_\br_\bgs, separated by spaces, followed by a newline.
- The return status is always 0. If -\b-n\bn is specified, the trailing
- newline is suppressed. If the -\b-e\be option is given, interpreta-
- tion of the following backslash-escaped characters is enabled.
- The -\b-E\bE option disables the interpretation of these escape char-
- acters, even on systems where they are interpreted by default.
- The x\bxp\bpg\bg_\b_e\bec\bch\bho\bo shell option may be used to dynamically determine
- whether or not e\bec\bch\bho\bo expands these escape characters by default.
- e\bec\bch\bho\bo does not interpret -\b--\b- to mean the end of options. e\bec\bch\bho\bo
- interprets the following escape sequences:
+ The return status is 0 unless a write error occurs. If -\b-n\bn is
+ specified, the trailing newline is suppressed. If the -\b-e\be option
+ is given, interpretation of the following backslash-escaped
+ characters is enabled. The -\b-E\bE option disables the interpreta-
+ tion of these escape characters, even on systems where they are
+ interpreted by default. The x\bxp\bpg\bg_\b_e\bec\bch\bho\bo shell option may be used
+ to dynamically determine whether or not e\bec\bch\bho\bo expands these
+ escape characters by default. e\bec\bch\bho\bo does not interpret -\b--\b- to
+ mean the end of options. e\bec\bch\bho\bo interprets the following escape
+ sequences:
\\b\a\ba alert (bell)
\\b\b\bb backspace
\\b\c\bc suppress further output
\\b\t\bt horizontal tab
\\b\v\bv vertical tab
\\b\\\b\ backslash
- \\b\0\b0_\bn_\bn_\bn the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value
+ \\b\0\b0_\bn_\bn_\bn the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value
_\bn_\bn_\bn (zero to three octal digits)
- \\b\x\bx_\bH_\bH the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal
+ \\b\x\bx_\bH_\bH the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal
value _\bH_\bH (one or two hex digits)
- \\b\u\bu_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH the Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is the
+ \\b\u\bu_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH the Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is the
hexadecimal value _\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH (one to four hex digits)
\\b\U\bU_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH
- the Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is the
+ the Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is the
hexadecimal value _\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH (one to eight hex digits)
e\ben\bna\bab\bbl\ble\be [-\b-a\ba] [-\b-d\bdn\bnp\bps\bs] [-\b-f\bf _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- Enable and disable builtin shell commands. Disabling a builtin
+ Enable and disable builtin shell commands. Disabling a builtin
allows a disk command which has the same name as a shell builtin
- to be executed without specifying a full pathname, even though
- the shell normally searches for builtins before disk commands.
- If -\b-n\bn is used, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is disabled; otherwise, _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are
+ to be executed without specifying a full pathname, even though
+ the shell normally searches for builtins before disk commands.
+ If -\b-n\bn is used, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is disabled; otherwise, _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are
enabled. For example, to use the t\bte\bes\bst\bt binary found via the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH
- instead of the shell builtin version, run ``enable -n test''.
- The -\b-f\bf option means to load the new builtin command _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be from
+ instead of the shell builtin version, run ``enable -n test''.
+ The -\b-f\bf option means to load the new builtin command _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be from
shared object _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, on systems that support dynamic loading.
- The -\b-d\bd option will delete a builtin previously loaded with -\b-f\bf.
+ The -\b-d\bd option will delete a builtin previously loaded with -\b-f\bf.
If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given, or if the -\b-p\bp option is supplied,
a list of shell builtins is printed. With no other option argu-
- ments, the list consists of all enabled shell builtins. If -\b-n\bn
- is supplied, only disabled builtins are printed. If -\b-a\ba is sup-
- plied, the list printed includes all builtins, with an indica-
- tion of whether or not each is enabled. If -\b-s\bs is supplied, the
- output is restricted to the POSIX _\bs_\bp_\be_\bc_\bi_\ba_\bl builtins. The return
- value is 0 unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a shell builtin or there is an
+ ments, the list consists of all enabled shell builtins. If -\b-n\bn
+ is supplied, only disabled builtins are printed. If -\b-a\ba is sup-
+ plied, the list printed includes all builtins, with an indica-
+ tion of whether or not each is enabled. If -\b-s\bs is supplied, the
+ output is restricted to the POSIX _\bs_\bp_\be_\bc_\bi_\ba_\bl builtins. The return
+ value is 0 unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a shell builtin or there is an
error loading a new builtin from a shared object.
e\bev\bva\bal\bl [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
- The _\ba_\br_\bgs are read and concatenated together into a single com-
- mand. This command is then read and executed by the shell, and
- its exit status is returned as the value of e\bev\bva\bal\bl. If there are
+ The _\ba_\br_\bgs are read and concatenated together into a single com-
+ mand. This command is then read and executed by the shell, and
+ its exit status is returned as the value of e\bev\bva\bal\bl. If there are
no _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs, or only null arguments, e\bev\bva\bal\bl returns 0.
e\bex\bxe\bec\bc [-\b-c\bcl\bl] [-\b-a\ba _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs]]
- If _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is specified, it replaces the shell. No new process
- is created. The _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs become the arguments to _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd. If
+ If _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is specified, it replaces the shell. No new process
+ is created. The _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs become the arguments to _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd. If
the -\b-l\bl option is supplied, the shell places a dash at the begin-
- ning of the zeroth argument passed to _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd. This is what
+ ning of the zeroth argument passed to _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd. This is what
_\bl_\bo_\bg_\bi_\bn(1) does. The -\b-c\bc option causes _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd to be executed with
- an empty environment. If -\b-a\ba is supplied, the shell passes _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
+ an empty environment. If -\b-a\ba is supplied, the shell passes _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
as the zeroth argument to the executed command. If _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd can-
- not be executed for some reason, a non-interactive shell exits,
- unless the shell option e\bex\bxe\bec\bcf\bfa\bai\bil\bl is enabled, in which case it
- returns failure. An interactive shell returns failure if the
+ not be executed for some reason, a non-interactive shell exits,
+ unless the shell option e\bex\bxe\bec\bcf\bfa\bai\bil\bl is enabled, in which case it
+ returns failure. An interactive shell returns failure if the
file cannot be executed. If _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is not specified, any redi-
rections take effect in the current shell, and the return status
- is 0. If there is a redirection error, the return status is 1.
+ is 0. If there is a redirection error, the return status is 1.
e\bex\bxi\bit\bt [_\bn]
- Cause the shell to exit with a status of _\bn. If _\bn is omitted,
+ Cause the shell to exit with a status of _\bn. If _\bn is omitted,
the exit status is that of the last command executed. A trap on
E\bEX\bXI\bIT\bT is executed before the shell terminates.
e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt [-\b-f\bfn\bn] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd]] ...
e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt -\b-p\bp
- The supplied _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are marked for automatic export to the envi-
- ronment of subsequently executed commands. If the -\b-f\bf option is
- given, the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs refer to functions. If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are given, or
- if the -\b-p\bp option is supplied, a list of all names that are
- exported in this shell is printed. The -\b-n\bn option causes the
- export property to be removed from each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If a variable
- name is followed by =_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, the value of the variable is set to
- _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd. e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt returns an exit status of 0 unless an invalid
- option is encountered, one of the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs is not a valid shell
+ The supplied _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are marked for automatic export to the envi-
+ ronment of subsequently executed commands. If the -\b-f\bf option is
+ given, the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs refer to functions. If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are given, or
+ if the -\b-p\bp option is supplied, a list of all names that are
+ exported in this shell is printed. The -\b-n\bn option causes the
+ export property to be removed from each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If a variable
+ name is followed by =_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, the value of the variable is set to
+ _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd. e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt returns an exit status of 0 unless an invalid
+ option is encountered, one of the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs is not a valid shell
variable name, or -\b-f\bf is supplied with a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be that is not a func-
tion.
f\bfc\bc [-\b-e\be _\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [-\b-l\bln\bnr\br] [_\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt] [_\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt]
f\bfc\bc -\b-s\bs [_\bp_\ba_\bt=_\br_\be_\bp] [_\bc_\bm_\bd]
- Fix Command. In the first form, a range of commands from _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt
- to _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt is selected from the history list. _\bF_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt and _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt may
- be specified as a string (to locate the last command beginning
- with that string) or as a number (an index into the history
+ Fix Command. In the first form, a range of commands from _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt
+ to _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt is selected from the history list. _\bF_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt and _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt may
+ be specified as a string (to locate the last command beginning
+ with that string) or as a number (an index into the history
list, where a negative number is used as an offset from the cur-
rent command number). If _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt is not specified it is set to the
- current command for listing (so that ``fc -l -10'' prints the
+ current command for listing (so that ``fc -l -10'' prints the
last 10 commands) and to _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt otherwise. If _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt is not spec-
- ified it is set to the previous command for editing and -16 for
+ ified it is set to the previous command for editing and -16 for
listing.
- The -\b-n\bn option suppresses the command numbers when listing. The
- -\b-r\br option reverses the order of the commands. If the -\b-l\bl option
- is given, the commands are listed on standard output. Other-
- wise, the editor given by _\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is invoked on a file containing
- those commands. If _\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not given, the value of the F\bFC\bCE\bED\bDI\bIT\bT
- variable is used, and the value of E\bED\bDI\bIT\bTO\bOR\bR if F\bFC\bCE\bED\bDI\bIT\bT is not set.
- If neither variable is set, is used. When editing is complete,
+ The -\b-n\bn option suppresses the command numbers when listing. The
+ -\b-r\br option reverses the order of the commands. If the -\b-l\bl option
+ is given, the commands are listed on standard output. Other-
+ wise, the editor given by _\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is invoked on a file containing
+ those commands. If _\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not given, the value of the F\bFC\bCE\bED\bDI\bIT\bT
+ variable is used, and the value of E\bED\bDI\bIT\bTO\bOR\bR if F\bFC\bCE\bED\bDI\bIT\bT is not set.
+ If neither variable is set, is used. When editing is complete,
the edited commands are echoed and executed.
- In the second form, _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is re-executed after each instance
- of _\bp_\ba_\bt is replaced by _\br_\be_\bp. A useful alias to use with this is
- ``r="fc -s"'', so that typing ``r cc'' runs the last command
+ In the second form, _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is re-executed after each instance
+ of _\bp_\ba_\bt is replaced by _\br_\be_\bp. A useful alias to use with this is
+ ``r="fc -s"'', so that typing ``r cc'' runs the last command
beginning with ``cc'' and typing ``r'' re-executes the last com-
mand.
- If the first form is used, the return value is 0 unless an
- invalid option is encountered or _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt or _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt specify history
- lines out of range. If the -\b-e\be option is supplied, the return
+ If the first form is used, the return value is 0 unless an
+ invalid option is encountered or _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt or _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt specify history
+ lines out of range. If the -\b-e\be option is supplied, the return
value is the value of the last command executed or failure if an
error occurs with the temporary file of commands. If the second
- form is used, the return status is that of the command re-exe-
- cuted, unless _\bc_\bm_\bd does not specify a valid history line, in
+ form is used, the return status is that of the command re-exe-
+ cuted, unless _\bc_\bm_\bd does not specify a valid history line, in
which case f\bfc\bc returns failure.
f\bfg\bg [_\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc]
- Resume _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc in the foreground, and make it the current job.
+ Resume _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc in the foreground, and make it the current job.
If _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not present, the shell's notion of the _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb
- is used. The return value is that of the command placed into
- the foreground, or failure if run when job control is disabled
+ is used. The return value is that of the command placed into
+ the foreground, or failure if run when job control is disabled
or, when run with job control enabled, if _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc does not spec-
- ify a valid job or _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc specifies a job that was started
+ ify a valid job or _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc specifies a job that was started
without job control.
g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bs]
- g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is used by shell procedures to parse positional parame-
- ters. _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg contains the option characters to be recog-
- nized; if a character is followed by a colon, the option is
- expected to have an argument, which should be separated from it
- by white space. The colon and question mark characters may not
- be used as option characters. Each time it is invoked, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs
- places the next option in the shell variable _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, initializing
+ g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is used by shell procedures to parse positional parame-
+ ters. _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg contains the option characters to be recog-
+ nized; if a character is followed by a colon, the option is
+ expected to have an argument, which should be separated from it
+ by white space. The colon and question mark characters may not
+ be used as option characters. Each time it is invoked, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs
+ places the next option in the shell variable _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, initializing
_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be if it does not exist, and the index of the next argument to
be processed into the variable O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD. O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD is initialized to
- 1 each time the shell or a shell script is invoked. When an
- option requires an argument, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs places that argument into
- the variable O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG. The shell does not reset O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD automati-
- cally; it must be manually reset between multiple calls to
+ 1 each time the shell or a shell script is invoked. When an
+ option requires an argument, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs places that argument into
+ the variable O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG. The shell does not reset O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD automati-
+ cally; it must be manually reset between multiple calls to
g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs within the same shell invocation if a new set of parame-
ters is to be used.
- When the end of options is encountered, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs exits with a
- return value greater than zero. O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD is set to the index of
+ When the end of options is encountered, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs exits with a
+ return value greater than zero. O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD is set to the index of
the first non-option argument, and _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is set to ?.
- g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs normally parses the positional parameters, but if more
+ g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs normally parses the positional parameters, but if more
arguments are given in _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs parses those instead.
- g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs can report errors in two ways. If the first character
- of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg is a colon, _\bs_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\bt error reporting is used. In
- normal operation diagnostic messages are printed when invalid
- options or missing option arguments are encountered. If the
- variable O\bOP\bPT\bTE\bER\bRR\bR is set to 0, no error messages will be dis-
+ g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs can report errors in two ways. If the first character
+ of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg is a colon, _\bs_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\bt error reporting is used. In
+ normal operation diagnostic messages are printed when invalid
+ options or missing option arguments are encountered. If the
+ variable O\bOP\bPT\bTE\bER\bRR\bR is set to 0, no error messages will be dis-
played, even if the first character of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg is not a colon.
If an invalid option is seen, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs places ? into _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be and, if
- not silent, prints an error message and unsets O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG. If
- g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is silent, the option character found is placed in
+ not silent, prints an error message and unsets O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG. If
+ g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is silent, the option character found is placed in
O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG and no diagnostic message is printed.
- If a required argument is not found, and g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is not silent,
- a question mark (?\b?) is placed in _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG is unset, and a
- diagnostic message is printed. If g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is silent, then a
- colon (:\b:) is placed in _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be and O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG is set to the option
+ If a required argument is not found, and g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is not silent,
+ a question mark (?\b?) is placed in _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG is unset, and a
+ diagnostic message is printed. If g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is silent, then a
+ colon (:\b:) is placed in _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be and O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG is set to the option
character found.
- g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs returns true if an option, specified or unspecified, is
+ g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs returns true if an option, specified or unspecified, is
found. It returns false if the end of options is encountered or
an error occurs.
h\bha\bas\bsh\bh [-\b-l\blr\br] [-\b-p\bp _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [-\b-d\bdt\bt] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be]
Each time h\bha\bas\bsh\bh is invoked, the full pathname of the command _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
- is determined by searching the directories in $\b$P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH and remem-
+ is determined by searching the directories in $\b$P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH and remem-
bered. Any previously-remembered pathname is discarded. If the
-\b-p\bp option is supplied, no path search is performed, and _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
- is used as the full file name of the command. The -\b-r\br option
- causes the shell to forget all remembered locations. The -\b-d\bd
- option causes the shell to forget the remembered location of
- each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If the -\b-t\bt option is supplied, the full pathname to
- which each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be corresponds is printed. If multiple _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be argu-
- ments are supplied with -\b-t\bt, the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is printed before the
- hashed full pathname. The -\b-l\bl option causes output to be dis-
+ is used as the full file name of the command. The -\b-r\br option
+ causes the shell to forget all remembered locations. The -\b-d\bd
+ option causes the shell to forget the remembered location of
+ each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If the -\b-t\bt option is supplied, the full pathname to
+ which each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be corresponds is printed. If multiple _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be argu-
+ ments are supplied with -\b-t\bt, the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is printed before the
+ hashed full pathname. The -\b-l\bl option causes output to be dis-
played in a format that may be reused as input. If no arguments
- are given, or if only -\b-l\bl is supplied, information about remem-
- bered commands is printed. The return status is true unless a
+ are given, or if only -\b-l\bl is supplied, information about remem-
+ bered commands is printed. The return status is true unless a
_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not found or an invalid option is supplied.
h\bhe\bel\blp\bp [-\b-d\bdm\bms\bs] [_\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn]
- Display helpful information about builtin commands. If _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn
- is specified, h\bhe\bel\blp\bp gives detailed help on all commands matching
- _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn; otherwise help for all the builtins and shell control
+ Display helpful information about builtin commands. If _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn
+ is specified, h\bhe\bel\blp\bp gives detailed help on all commands matching
+ _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn; otherwise help for all the builtins and shell control
structures is printed.
-\b-d\bd Display a short description of each _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn
-\b-m\bm Display the description of each _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn in a manpage-like
h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by -\b-s\bs _\ba_\br_\bg [_\ba_\br_\bg _\b._\b._\b.]
With no options, display the command history list with line num-
bers. Lines listed with a *\b* have been modified. An argument of
- _\bn lists only the last _\bn lines. If the shell variable H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bE-\b-
- F\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT is set and not null, it is used as a format string for
- _\bs_\bt_\br_\bf_\bt_\bi_\bm_\be(3) to display the time stamp associated with each dis-
- played history entry. No intervening blank is printed between
- the formatted time stamp and the history line. If _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is
- supplied, it is used as the name of the history file; if not,
- the value of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is used. Options, if supplied, have the
+ _\bn lists only the last _\bn lines. If the shell variable H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bE-\b-
+ F\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT is set and not null, it is used as a format string for
+ _\bs_\bt_\br_\bf_\bt_\bi_\bm_\be(3) to display the time stamp associated with each dis-
+ played history entry. No intervening blank is printed between
+ the formatted time stamp and the history line. If _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is
+ supplied, it is used as the name of the history file; if not,
+ the value of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is used. Options, if supplied, have the
following meanings:
-\b-c\bc Clear the history list by deleting all the entries.
-\b-d\bd _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt
Delete the history entry at position _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt.
- -\b-a\ba Append the ``new'' history lines (history lines entered
- since the beginning of the current b\bba\bas\bsh\bh session) to the
+ -\b-a\ba Append the ``new'' history lines (history lines entered
+ since the beginning of the current b\bba\bas\bsh\bh session) to the
history file.
- -\b-n\bn Read the history lines not already read from the history
- file into the current history list. These are lines
- appended to the history file since the beginning of the
+ -\b-n\bn Read the history lines not already read from the history
+ file into the current history list. These are lines
+ appended to the history file since the beginning of the
current b\bba\bas\bsh\bh session.
-\b-r\br Read the contents of the history file and use them as the
current history.
- -\b-w\bw Write the current history to the history file, overwrit-
+ -\b-w\bw Write the current history to the history file, overwrit-
ing the history file's contents.
- -\b-p\bp Perform history substitution on the following _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs and
- display the result on the standard output. Does not
- store the results in the history list. Each _\ba_\br_\bg must be
+ -\b-p\bp Perform history substitution on the following _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs and
+ display the result on the standard output. Does not
+ store the results in the history list. Each _\ba_\br_\bg must be
quoted to disable normal history expansion.
- -\b-s\bs Store the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs in the history list as a single entry.
- The last command in the history list is removed before
+ -\b-s\bs Store the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs in the history list as a single entry.
+ The last command in the history list is removed before
the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs are added.
- If the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bEF\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT variable is set, the time stamp informa-
- tion associated with each history entry is written to the his-
- tory file, marked with the history comment character. When the
- history file is read, lines beginning with the history comment
- character followed immediately by a digit are interpreted as
+ If the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bEF\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT variable is set, the time stamp informa-
+ tion associated with each history entry is written to the his-
+ tory file, marked with the history comment character. When the
+ history file is read, lines beginning with the history comment
+ character followed immediately by a digit are interpreted as
timestamps for the previous history line. The return value is 0
- unless an invalid option is encountered, an error occurs while
- reading or writing the history file, an invalid _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt is sup-
+ unless an invalid option is encountered, an error occurs while
+ reading or writing the history file, an invalid _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt is sup-
plied as an argument to -\b-d\bd, or the history expansion supplied as
an argument to -\b-p\bp fails.
The first form lists the active jobs. The options have the fol-
lowing meanings:
-\b-l\bl List process IDs in addition to the normal information.
- -\b-n\bn Display information only about jobs that have changed
- status since the user was last notified of their status.
- -\b-p\bp List only the process ID of the job's process group
+ -\b-n\bn Display information only about jobs that have changed
+ status since the user was last notified of their status.
+ -\b-p\bp List only the process ID of the job's process group
leader.
-\b-r\br Restrict output to running jobs.
-\b-s\bs Restrict output to stopped jobs.
- If _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is given, output is restricted to information about
- that job. The return status is 0 unless an invalid option is
+ If _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is given, output is restricted to information about
+ that job. The return status is 0 unless an invalid option is
encountered or an invalid _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is supplied.
If the -\b-x\bx option is supplied, j\bjo\bob\bbs\bs replaces any _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc found in
- _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd or _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs with the corresponding process group ID, and
+ _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd or _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs with the corresponding process group ID, and
executes _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd passing it _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs, returning its exit status.
k\bki\bil\bll\bl [-\b-s\bs _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc | -\b-n\bn _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bu_\bm | -\b-_\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc] [_\bp_\bi_\bd | _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc] ...
k\bki\bil\bll\bl -\b-l\bl [_\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc | _\be_\bx_\bi_\bt_\b__\bs_\bt_\ba_\bt_\bu_\bs]
- Send the signal named by _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc or _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bu_\bm to the processes
- named by _\bp_\bi_\bd or _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc. _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is either a case-insensitive
- signal name such as S\bSI\bIG\bGK\bKI\bIL\bLL\bL (with or without the S\bSI\bIG\bG prefix) or
- a signal number; _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bu_\bm is a signal number. If _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not
- present, then S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTE\bER\bRM\bM is assumed. An argument of -\b-l\bl lists the
- signal names. If any arguments are supplied when -\b-l\bl is given,
- the names of the signals corresponding to the arguments are
+ Send the signal named by _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc or _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bu_\bm to the processes
+ named by _\bp_\bi_\bd or _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc. _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is either a case-insensitive
+ signal name such as S\bSI\bIG\bGK\bKI\bIL\bLL\bL (with or without the S\bSI\bIG\bG prefix) or
+ a signal number; _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bu_\bm is a signal number. If _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not
+ present, then S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTE\bER\bRM\bM is assumed. An argument of -\b-l\bl lists the
+ signal names. If any arguments are supplied when -\b-l\bl is given,
+ the names of the signals corresponding to the arguments are
listed, and the return status is 0. The _\be_\bx_\bi_\bt_\b__\bs_\bt_\ba_\bt_\bu_\bs argument to
- -\b-l\bl is a number specifying either a signal number or the exit
- status of a process terminated by a signal. k\bki\bil\bll\bl returns true
- if at least one signal was successfully sent, or false if an
+ -\b-l\bl is a number specifying either a signal number or the exit
+ status of a process terminated by a signal. k\bki\bil\bll\bl returns true
+ if at least one signal was successfully sent, or false if an
error occurs or an invalid option is encountered.
l\ble\bet\bt _\ba_\br_\bg [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
Each _\ba_\br_\bg is an arithmetic expression to be evaluated (see A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bH-\b-
- M\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN above). If the last _\ba_\br_\bg evaluates to 0, l\ble\bet\bt
+ M\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN above). If the last _\ba_\br_\bg evaluates to 0, l\ble\bet\bt
returns 1; 0 is returned otherwise.
l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl [_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be] ...]
- For each argument, a local variable named _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is created, and
- assigned _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be. The _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn can be any of the options accepted
+ For each argument, a local variable named _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is created, and
+ assigned _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be. The _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn can be any of the options accepted
by d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be. When l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl is used within a function, it causes the
- variable _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be to have a visible scope restricted to that func-
+ variable _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be to have a visible scope restricted to that func-
tion and its children. With no operands, l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl writes a list of
- local variables to the standard output. It is an error to use
+ local variables to the standard output. It is an error to use
l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl when not within a function. The return status is 0 unless
- l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl is used outside a function, an invalid _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is supplied,
+ l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl is used outside a function, an invalid _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is supplied,
or _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is a readonly variable.
l\blo\bog\bgo\bou\but\bt Exit a login shell.
- m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be [-\b-n\bn _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-O\bO _\bo_\br_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bn] [-\b-s\bs _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-t\bt] [-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd] [-\b-C\bC _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk]
+ m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be [-\b-n\bn _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-O\bO _\bo_\br_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bn] [-\b-s\bs _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-t\bt] [-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd] [-\b-C\bC _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk]
[-\b-c\bc _\bq_\bu_\ba_\bn_\bt_\bu_\bm] [_\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by]
- r\bre\bea\bad\bda\bar\brr\bra\bay\by [-\b-n\bn _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-O\bO _\bo_\br_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bn] [-\b-s\bs _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-t\bt] [-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd] [-\b-C\bC _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk]
+ r\bre\bea\bad\bda\bar\brr\bra\bay\by [-\b-n\bn _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-O\bO _\bo_\br_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bn] [-\b-s\bs _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-t\bt] [-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd] [-\b-C\bC _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk]
[-\b-c\bc _\bq_\bu_\ba_\bn_\bt_\bu_\bm] [_\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by]
- Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array vari-
- able _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by, or from file descriptor _\bf_\bd if the -\b-u\bu option is sup-
- plied. The variable M\bMA\bAP\bPF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is the default _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by. Options, if
+ Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array vari-
+ able _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by, or from file descriptor _\bf_\bd if the -\b-u\bu option is sup-
+ plied. The variable M\bMA\bAP\bPF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is the default _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by. Options, if
supplied, have the following meanings:
- -\b-n\bn Copy at most _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt lines. If _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt is 0, all lines are
+ -\b-n\bn Copy at most _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt lines. If _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt is 0, all lines are
copied.
- -\b-O\bO Begin assigning to _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by at index _\bo_\br_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bn. The default
+ -\b-O\bO Begin assigning to _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by at index _\bo_\br_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bn. The default
index is 0.
-\b-s\bs Discard the first _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt lines read.
-\b-t\bt Remove a trailing newline from each line read.
- -\b-u\bu Read lines from file descriptor _\bf_\bd instead of the stan-
+ -\b-u\bu Read lines from file descriptor _\bf_\bd instead of the stan-
dard input.
- -\b-C\bC Evaluate _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk each time _\bq_\bu_\ba_\bn_\bt_\bu_\bm lines are read. The
+ -\b-C\bC Evaluate _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk each time _\bq_\bu_\ba_\bn_\bt_\bu_\bm lines are read. The
-\b-c\bc option specifies _\bq_\bu_\ba_\bn_\bt_\bu_\bm.
- -\b-c\bc Specify the number of lines read between each call to
+ -\b-c\bc Specify the number of lines read between each call to
_\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk.
- If -\b-C\bC is specified without -\b-c\bc, the default quantum is 5000.
+ If -\b-C\bC is specified without -\b-c\bc, the default quantum is 5000.
When _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk is evaluated, it is supplied the index of the next
array element to be assigned and the line to be assigned to that
- element as additional arguments. _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk is evaluated after
+ element as additional arguments. _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk is evaluated after
the line is read but before the array element is assigned.
- If not supplied with an explicit origin, m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be will clear
+ If not supplied with an explicit origin, m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be will clear
_\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by before assigning to it.
- m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be returns successfully unless an invalid option or option
- argument is supplied, _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by is invalid or unassignable, or if
+ m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be returns successfully unless an invalid option or option
+ argument is supplied, _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by is invalid or unassignable, or if
_\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by is not an indexed array.
p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd [-n\bn] [+_\bn] [-_\bn]
- Removes entries from the directory stack. With no arguments,
- removes the top directory from the stack, and performs a c\bcd\bd to
+ Removes entries from the directory stack. With no arguments,
+ removes the top directory from the stack, and performs a c\bcd\bd to
the new top directory. Arguments, if supplied, have the follow-
ing meanings:
- -\b-n\bn Suppresses the normal change of directory when removing
- directories from the stack, so that only the stack is
+ -\b-n\bn Suppresses the normal change of directory when removing
+ directories from the stack, so that only the stack is
manipulated.
- +\b+_\bn Removes the _\bnth entry counting from the left of the list
- shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with zero. For example: ``popd
+ +\b+_\bn Removes the _\bnth entry counting from the left of the list
+ shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with zero. For example: ``popd
+0'' removes the first directory, ``popd +1'' the second.
-\b-_\bn Removes the _\bnth entry counting from the right of the list
- shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with zero. For example: ``popd
- -0'' removes the last directory, ``popd -1'' the next to
+ shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with zero. For example: ``popd
+ -0'' removes the last directory, ``popd -1'' the next to
last.
- If the p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd command is successful, a d\bdi\bir\brs\bs is performed as well,
- and the return status is 0. p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd returns false if an invalid
+ If the p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd command is successful, a d\bdi\bir\brs\bs is performed as well,
+ and the return status is 0. p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd returns false if an invalid
option is encountered, the directory stack is empty, a non-exis-
tent directory stack entry is specified, or the directory change
fails.
p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf [-\b-v\bv _\bv_\ba_\br] _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs]
- Write the formatted _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs to the standard output under the
- control of the _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt. The -\b-v\bv option causes the output to be
- assigned to the variable _\bv_\ba_\br rather than being printed to the
+ Write the formatted _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs to the standard output under the
+ control of the _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt. The -\b-v\bv option causes the output to be
+ assigned to the variable _\bv_\ba_\br rather than being printed to the
standard output.
- The _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt is a character string which contains three types of
- objects: plain characters, which are simply copied to standard
- output, character escape sequences, which are converted and
- copied to the standard output, and format specifications, each
- of which causes printing of the next successive _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt. In
+ The _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt is a character string which contains three types of
+ objects: plain characters, which are simply copied to standard
+ output, character escape sequences, which are converted and
+ copied to the standard output, and format specifications, each
+ of which causes printing of the next successive _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt. In
addition to the standard _\bp_\br_\bi_\bn_\bt_\bf(1) format specifications, p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf
interprets the following extensions:
%\b%b\bb causes p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf to expand backslash escape sequences in the
corresponding _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt (except that \\b\c\bc terminates output,
- backslashes in \\b\'\b', \\b\"\b", and \\b\?\b? are not removed, and octal
+ backslashes in \\b\'\b', \\b\"\b", and \\b\?\b? are not removed, and octal
escapes beginning with \\b\0\b0 may contain up to four digits).
- %\b%q\bq causes p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf to output the corresponding _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt in a
+ %\b%q\bq causes p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf to output the corresponding _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt in a
format that can be reused as shell input.
%\b%(\b(_\bd_\ba_\bt_\be_\bf_\bm_\bt)\b)T\bT
- causes p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf to output the date-time string resulting
- from using _\bd_\ba_\bt_\be_\bf_\bm_\bt as a format string for _\bs_\bt_\br_\bf_\bt_\bi_\bm_\be(3).
+ causes p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf to output the date-time string resulting
+ from using _\bd_\ba_\bt_\be_\bf_\bm_\bt as a format string for _\bs_\bt_\br_\bf_\bt_\bi_\bm_\be(3).
The corresponding _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt is an integer representing the
- number of seconds since the epoch. Two special argument
- values may be used: -1 represents the current time, and
+ number of seconds since the epoch. Two special argument
+ values may be used: -1 represents the current time, and
-2 represents the time the shell was invoked.
- Arguments to non-string format specifiers are treated as C con-
+ Arguments to non-string format specifiers are treated as C con-
stants, except that a leading plus or minus sign is allowed, and
- if the leading character is a single or double quote, the value
+ if the leading character is a single or double quote, the value
is the ASCII value of the following character.
- The _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt is reused as necessary to consume all of the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\b-
+ The _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt is reused as necessary to consume all of the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\b-
_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs. If the _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt requires more _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs than are supplied,
- the extra format specifications behave as if a zero value or
- null string, as appropriate, had been supplied. The return
+ the extra format specifications behave as if a zero value or
+ null string, as appropriate, had been supplied. The return
value is zero on success, non-zero on failure.
p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd [-\b-n\bn] [+_\bn] [-_\bn]
p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd [-\b-n\bn] [_\bd_\bi_\br]
- Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates
- the stack, making the new top of the stack the current working
+ Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates
+ the stack, making the new top of the stack the current working
directory. With no arguments, exchanges the top two directories
- and returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty. Arguments,
+ and returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty. Arguments,
if supplied, have the following meanings:
- -\b-n\bn Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding
- directories to the stack, so that only the stack is
+ -\b-n\bn Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding
+ directories to the stack, so that only the stack is
manipulated.
- +\b+_\bn Rotates the stack so that the _\bnth directory (counting
- from the left of the list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with
+ +\b+_\bn Rotates the stack so that the _\bnth directory (counting
+ from the left of the list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with
zero) is at the top.
- -\b-_\bn Rotates the stack so that the _\bnth directory (counting
- from the right of the list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with
+ -\b-_\bn Rotates the stack so that the _\bnth directory (counting
+ from the right of the list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with
zero) is at the top.
_\bd_\bi_\br Adds _\bd_\bi_\br to the directory stack at the top, making it the
new current working directory.
If the p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd command is successful, a d\bdi\bir\brs\bs is performed as well.
- If the first form is used, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd returns 0 unless the cd to _\bd_\bi_\br
- fails. With the second form, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd returns 0 unless the direc-
- tory stack is empty, a non-existent directory stack element is
- specified, or the directory change to the specified new current
+ If the first form is used, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd returns 0 unless the cd to _\bd_\bi_\br
+ fails. With the second form, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd returns 0 unless the direc-
+ tory stack is empty, a non-existent directory stack element is
+ specified, or the directory change to the specified new current
directory fails.
p\bpw\bwd\bd [-\b-L\bLP\bP]
- Print the absolute pathname of the current working directory.
+ Print the absolute pathname of the current working directory.
The pathname printed contains no symbolic links if the -\b-P\bP option
is supplied or the -\b-o\bo p\bph\bhy\bys\bsi\bic\bca\bal\bl option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command
- is enabled. If the -\b-L\bL option is used, the pathname printed may
- contain symbolic links. The return status is 0 unless an error
- occurs while reading the name of the current directory or an
+ is enabled. If the -\b-L\bL option is used, the pathname printed may
+ contain symbolic links. The return status is 0 unless an error
+ occurs while reading the name of the current directory or an
invalid option is supplied.
r\bre\bea\bad\bd [-\b-e\ber\brs\bs] [-\b-a\ba _\ba_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [-\b-d\bd _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm] [-\b-i\bi _\bt_\be_\bx_\bt] [-\b-n\bn _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs] [-\b-N\bN _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs] [-\b-p\bp
_\bp_\br_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bt] [-\b-t\bt _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt] [-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- One line is read from the standard input, or from the file
- descriptor _\bf_\bd supplied as an argument to the -\b-u\bu option, and the
+ One line is read from the standard input, or from the file
+ descriptor _\bf_\bd supplied as an argument to the -\b-u\bu option, and the
first word is assigned to the first _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, the second word to the
- second _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, and so on, with leftover words and their interven-
- ing separators assigned to the last _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If there are fewer
+ second _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, and so on, with leftover words and their interven-
+ ing separators assigned to the last _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If there are fewer
words read from the input stream than names, the remaining names
- are assigned empty values. The characters in I\bIF\bFS\bS are used to
- split the line into words. The backslash character (\\b\) may be
- used to remove any special meaning for the next character read
- and for line continuation. Options, if supplied, have the fol-
+ are assigned empty values. The characters in I\bIF\bFS\bS are used to
+ split the line into words. The backslash character (\\b\) may be
+ used to remove any special meaning for the next character read
+ and for line continuation. Options, if supplied, have the fol-
lowing meanings:
-\b-a\ba _\ba_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
The words are assigned to sequential indices of the array
new values are assigned. Other _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are
ignored.
-\b-d\bd _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm
- The first character of _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm is used to terminate the
+ The first character of _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm is used to terminate the
input line, rather than newline.
-\b-e\be If the standard input is coming from a terminal, r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be
- (see R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE above) is used to obtain the line. Read-
- line uses the current (or default, if line editing was
+ (see R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE above) is used to obtain the line. Read-
+ line uses the current (or default, if line editing was
not previously active) editing settings.
-\b-i\bi _\bt_\be_\bx_\bt
- If r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used to read the line, _\bt_\be_\bx_\bt is
+ If r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used to read the line, _\bt_\be_\bx_\bt is
placed into the editing buffer before editing begins.
-\b-n\bn _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs
- r\bre\bea\bad\bd returns after reading _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters rather than
- waiting for a complete line of input, but honor a delim-
- iter if fewer than _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters are read before the
+ r\bre\bea\bad\bd returns after reading _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters rather than
+ waiting for a complete line of input, but honor a delim-
+ iter if fewer than _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters are read before the
delimiter.
-\b-N\bN _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs
- r\bre\bea\bad\bd returns after reading exactly _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters
- rather than waiting for a complete line of input, unless
- EOF is encountered or r\bre\bea\bad\bd times out. Delimiter charac-
- ters encountered in the input are not treated specially
- and do not cause r\bre\bea\bad\bd to return until _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters
+ r\bre\bea\bad\bd returns after reading exactly _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters
+ rather than waiting for a complete line of input, unless
+ EOF is encountered or r\bre\bea\bad\bd times out. Delimiter charac-
+ ters encountered in the input are not treated specially
+ and do not cause r\bre\bea\bad\bd to return until _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters
are read.
-\b-p\bp _\bp_\br_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bt
Display _\bp_\br_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bt on standard error, without a trailing new-
line, before attempting to read any input. The prompt is
displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.
-\b-r\br Backslash does not act as an escape character. The back-
- slash is considered to be part of the line. In particu-
- lar, a backslash-newline pair may not be used as a line
+ slash is considered to be part of the line. In particu-
+ lar, a backslash-newline pair may not be used as a line
continuation.
-\b-s\bs Silent mode. If input is coming from a terminal, charac-
ters are not echoed.
-\b-t\bt _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt
- Cause r\bre\bea\bad\bd to time out and return failure if a complete
- line of input is not read within _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt seconds. _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\b-
- _\bo_\bu_\bt may be a decimal number with a fractional portion
- following the decimal point. This option is only effec-
- tive if r\bre\bea\bad\bd is reading input from a terminal, pipe, or
- other special file; it has no effect when reading from
- regular files. If _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt is 0, r\bre\bea\bad\bd returns success if
- input is available on the specified file descriptor,
- failure otherwise. The exit status is greater than 128
+ Cause r\bre\bea\bad\bd to time out and return failure if a complete
+ line of input is not read within _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt seconds. _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\b-
+ _\bo_\bu_\bt may be a decimal number with a fractional portion
+ following the decimal point. This option is only effec-
+ tive if r\bre\bea\bad\bd is reading input from a terminal, pipe, or
+ other special file; it has no effect when reading from
+ regular files. If _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt is 0, r\bre\bea\bad\bd returns success if
+ input is available on the specified file descriptor,
+ failure otherwise. The exit status is greater than 128
if the timeout is exceeded.
-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd Read input from file descriptor _\bf_\bd.
If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are supplied, the line read is assigned to the vari-
- able R\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY. The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is
- encountered, r\bre\bea\bad\bd times out (in which case the return code is
- greater than 128), or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as
+ able R\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY. The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is
+ encountered, r\bre\bea\bad\bd times out (in which case the return code is
+ greater than 128), or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as
the argument to -\b-u\bu.
r\bre\bea\bad\bdo\bon\bnl\bly\by [-\b-a\baA\bAf\bf] [-\b-p\bp] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd] ...]
- The given _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are marked readonly; the values of these _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs
- may not be changed by subsequent assignment. If the -\b-f\bf option
- is supplied, the functions corresponding to the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are so
- marked. The -\b-a\ba option restricts the variables to indexed
- arrays; the -\b-A\bA option restricts the variables to associative
- arrays. If both options are supplied, -\b-A\bA takes precedence. If
- no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given, or if the -\b-p\bp option is supplied, a
+ The given _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are marked readonly; the values of these _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs
+ may not be changed by subsequent assignment. If the -\b-f\bf option
+ is supplied, the functions corresponding to the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are so
+ marked. The -\b-a\ba option restricts the variables to indexed
+ arrays; the -\b-A\bA option restricts the variables to associative
+ arrays. If both options are supplied, -\b-A\bA takes precedence. If
+ no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given, or if the -\b-p\bp option is supplied, a
list of all readonly names is printed. The other options may be
- used to restrict the output to a subset of the set of readonly
- names. The -\b-p\bp option causes output to be displayed in a format
- that may be reused as input. If a variable name is followed by
- =_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, the value of the variable is set to _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd. The return
- status is 0 unless an invalid option is encountered, one of the
+ used to restrict the output to a subset of the set of readonly
+ names. The -\b-p\bp option causes output to be displayed in a format
+ that may be reused as input. If a variable name is followed by
+ =_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, the value of the variable is set to _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd. The return
+ status is 0 unless an invalid option is encountered, one of the
_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs is not a valid shell variable name, or -\b-f\bf is supplied with
a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be that is not a function.
r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn [_\bn]
- Causes a function to exit with the return value specified by _\bn.
- If _\bn is omitted, the return status is that of the last command
- executed in the function body. If used outside a function, but
- during execution of a script by the .\b. (s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be) command, it
+ Causes a function to exit with the return value specified by _\bn.
+ If _\bn is omitted, the return status is that of the last command
+ executed in the function body. If used outside a function, but
+ during execution of a script by the .\b. (s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be) command, it
causes the shell to stop executing that script and return either
- _\bn or the exit status of the last command executed within the
- script as the exit status of the script. If used outside a
- function and not during execution of a script by .\b., the return
+ _\bn or the exit status of the last command executed within the
+ script as the exit status of the script. If used outside a
+ function and not during execution of a script by .\b., the return
status is false. Any command associated with the R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN trap is
- executed before execution resumes after the function or script.
+ executed before execution resumes after the function or script.
s\bse\bet\bt [-\b--\b-a\bab\bbe\bef\bfh\bhk\bkm\bmn\bnp\bpt\btu\buv\bvx\bxB\bBC\bCE\bEH\bHP\bPT\bT] [-\b-o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
s\bse\bet\bt [+\b+a\bab\bbe\bef\bfh\bhk\bkm\bmn\bnp\bpt\btu\buv\bvx\bxB\bBC\bCE\bEH\bHP\bPT\bT] [+\b+o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
- Without options, the name and value of each shell variable are
+ Without options, the name and value of each shell variable are
displayed in a format that can be reused as input for setting or
resetting the currently-set variables. Read-only variables can-
- not be reset. In _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be, only shell variables are listed.
- The output is sorted according to the current locale. When
- options are specified, they set or unset shell attributes. Any
- arguments remaining after option processing are treated as val-
+ not be reset. In _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be, only shell variables are listed.
+ The output is sorted according to the current locale. When
+ options are specified, they set or unset shell attributes. Any
+ arguments remaining after option processing are treated as val-
ues for the positional parameters and are assigned, in order, to
- $\b$1\b1, $\b$2\b2, .\b..\b..\b. $\b$_\bn. Options, if specified, have the following
+ $\b$1\b1, $\b$2\b2, .\b..\b..\b. $\b$_\bn. Options, if specified, have the following
meanings:
- -\b-a\ba Automatically mark variables and functions which are
- modified or created for export to the environment of
+ -\b-a\ba Automatically mark variables and functions which are
+ modified or created for export to the environment of
subsequent commands.
- -\b-b\bb Report the status of terminated background jobs immedi-
+ -\b-b\bb Report the status of terminated background jobs immedi-
ately, rather than before the next primary prompt. This
is effective only when job control is enabled.
- -\b-e\be Exit immediately if a _\bp_\bi_\bp_\be_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be (which may consist of a
- single _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd), a _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl command enclosed in
- parentheses, or one of the commands executed as part of
- a command list enclosed by braces (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR
+ -\b-e\be Exit immediately if a _\bp_\bi_\bp_\be_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be (which may consist of a
+ single _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd), a _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl command enclosed in
+ parentheses, or one of the commands executed as part of
+ a command list enclosed by braces (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR
above) exits with a non-zero status. The shell does not
- exit if the command that fails is part of the command
- list immediately following a w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be or u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl keyword,
- part of the test following the i\bif\bf or e\bel\bli\bif\bf reserved
- words, part of any command executed in a &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b| list
- except the command following the final &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b|, any
- command in a pipeline but the last, or if the command's
- return value is being inverted with !\b!. A trap on E\bER\bRR\bR,
+ exit if the command that fails is part of the command
+ list immediately following a w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be or u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl keyword,
+ part of the test following the i\bif\bf or e\bel\bli\bif\bf reserved
+ words, part of any command executed in a &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b| list
+ except the command following the final &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b|, any
+ command in a pipeline but the last, or if the command's
+ return value is being inverted with !\b!. A trap on E\bER\bRR\bR,
if set, is executed before the shell exits. This option
applies to the shell environment and each subshell envi-
- ronment separately (see C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD E\bEX\bXE\bEC\bCU\bUT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN E\bEN\bNV\bVI\bIR\bRO\bON\bNM\bME\bEN\bNT\bT
+ ronment separately (see C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD E\bEX\bXE\bEC\bCU\bUT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN E\bEN\bNV\bVI\bIR\bRO\bON\bNM\bME\bEN\bNT\bT
above), and may cause subshells to exit before executing
all the commands in the subshell.
-\b-f\bf Disable pathname expansion.
- -\b-h\bh Remember the location of commands as they are looked up
+ -\b-h\bh Remember the location of commands as they are looked up
for execution. This is enabled by default.
- -\b-k\bk All arguments in the form of assignment statements are
- placed in the environment for a command, not just those
+ -\b-k\bk All arguments in the form of assignment statements are
+ placed in the environment for a command, not just those
that precede the command name.
- -\b-m\bm Monitor mode. Job control is enabled. This option is
- on by default for interactive shells on systems that
- support it (see J\bJO\bOB\bB C\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL above). Background pro-
- cesses run in a separate process group and a line con-
- taining their exit status is printed upon their comple-
- tion.
+ -\b-m\bm Monitor mode. Job control is enabled. This option is
+ on by default for interactive shells on systems that
+ support it (see J\bJO\bOB\bB C\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL above). All processes run
+ in a separate process group. When a background job com-
+ pletes, the shell prints a line containing its exit sta-
+ tus.
-\b-n\bn Read commands but do not execute them. This may be used
- to check a shell script for syntax errors. This is
+ to check a shell script for syntax errors. This is
ignored by interactive shells.
-\b-o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
The _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be can be one of the following:
Same as -\b-a\ba.
b\bbr\bra\bac\bce\bee\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd
Same as -\b-B\bB.
- e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs Use an emacs-style command line editing inter-
+ e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs Use an emacs-style command line editing inter-
face. This is enabled by default when the shell
is interactive, unless the shell is started with
- the -\b--\b-n\bno\boe\bed\bdi\bit\bti\bin\bng\bg option. This also affects the
+ the -\b--\b-n\bno\boe\bed\bdi\bit\bti\bin\bng\bg option. This also affects the
editing interface used for r\bre\bea\bad\bd -\b-e\be.
e\ber\brr\bre\bex\bxi\bit\bt Same as -\b-e\be.
e\ber\brr\brt\btr\bra\bac\bce\be
H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY. This option is on by default in inter-
active shells.
i\big\bgn\bno\bor\bre\bee\beo\bof\bf
- The effect is as if the shell command
- ``IGNOREEOF=10'' had been executed (see S\bSh\bhe\bel\bll\bl
+ The effect is as if the shell command
+ ``IGNOREEOF=10'' had been executed (see S\bSh\bhe\bel\bll\bl
V\bVa\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\bes\bs above).
k\bke\bey\byw\bwo\bor\brd\bd Same as -\b-k\bk.
m\bmo\bon\bni\bit\bto\bor\br Same as -\b-m\bm.
p\bph\bhy\bys\bsi\bic\bca\bal\bl
Same as -\b-P\bP.
p\bpi\bip\bpe\bef\bfa\bai\bil\bl
- If set, the return value of a pipeline is the
- value of the last (rightmost) command to exit
- with a non-zero status, or zero if all commands
- in the pipeline exit successfully. This option
+ If set, the return value of a pipeline is the
+ value of the last (rightmost) command to exit
+ with a non-zero status, or zero if all commands
+ in the pipeline exit successfully. This option
is disabled by default.
- p\bpo\bos\bsi\bix\bx Change the behavior of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh where the default
- operation differs from the POSIX standard to
+ p\bpo\bos\bsi\bix\bx Change the behavior of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh where the default
+ operation differs from the POSIX standard to
match the standard (_\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be).
p\bpr\bri\biv\bvi\bil\ble\beg\bge\bed\bd
Same as -\b-p\bp.
v\bve\ber\brb\bbo\bos\bse\be Same as -\b-v\bv.
- v\bvi\bi Use a vi-style command line editing interface.
+ v\bvi\bi Use a vi-style command line editing interface.
This also affects the editing interface used for
r\bre\bea\bad\bd -\b-e\be.
x\bxt\btr\bra\bac\bce\be Same as -\b-x\bx.
If -\b-o\bo is supplied with no _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, the values of the
- current options are printed. If +\b+o\bo is supplied with no
- _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, a series of s\bse\bet\bt commands to recreate the
- current option settings is displayed on the standard
+ current options are printed. If +\b+o\bo is supplied with no
+ _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, a series of s\bse\bet\bt commands to recreate the
+ current option settings is displayed on the standard
output.
- -\b-p\bp Turn on _\bp_\br_\bi_\bv_\bi_\bl_\be_\bg_\be_\bd mode. In this mode, the $\b$E\bEN\bNV\bV and
- $\b$B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_E\bEN\bNV\bV files are not processed, shell functions are
- not inherited from the environment, and the S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bLO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS,
- B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bHO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS, C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH, and G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE variables, if they
+ -\b-p\bp Turn on _\bp_\br_\bi_\bv_\bi_\bl_\be_\bg_\be_\bd mode. In this mode, the $\b$E\bEN\bNV\bV and
+ $\b$B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_E\bEN\bNV\bV files are not processed, shell functions are
+ not inherited from the environment, and the S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bLO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS,
+ B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bHO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS, C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH, and G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE variables, if they
appear in the environment, are ignored. If the shell is
- started with the effective user (group) id not equal to
- the real user (group) id, and the -\b-p\bp option is not sup-
+ started with the effective user (group) id not equal to
+ the real user (group) id, and the -\b-p\bp option is not sup-
plied, these actions are taken and the effective user id
- is set to the real user id. If the -\b-p\bp option is sup-
- plied at startup, the effective user id is not reset.
- Turning this option off causes the effective user and
+ is set to the real user id. If the -\b-p\bp option is sup-
+ plied at startup, the effective user id is not reset.
+ Turning this option off causes the effective user and
group ids to be set to the real user and group ids.
-\b-t\bt Exit after reading and executing one command.
-\b-u\bu Treat unset variables and parameters other than the spe-
- cial parameters "@" and "*" as an error when performing
- parameter expansion. If expansion is attempted on an
- unset variable or parameter, the shell prints an error
- message, and, if not interactive, exits with a non-zero
+ cial parameters "@" and "*" as an error when performing
+ parameter expansion. If expansion is attempted on an
+ unset variable or parameter, the shell prints an error
+ message, and, if not interactive, exits with a non-zero
status.
-\b-v\bv Print shell input lines as they are read.
- -\b-x\bx After expanding each _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd, f\bfo\bor\br command, c\bca\bas\bse\be
+ -\b-x\bx After expanding each _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd, f\bfo\bor\br command, c\bca\bas\bse\be
command, s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt command, or arithmetic f\bfo\bor\br command, dis-
- play the expanded value of P\bPS\bS4\b4, followed by the command
+ play the expanded value of P\bPS\bS4\b4, followed by the command
and its expanded arguments or associated word list.
- -\b-B\bB The shell performs brace expansion (see B\bBr\bra\bac\bce\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn
+ -\b-B\bB The shell performs brace expansion (see B\bBr\bra\bac\bce\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn
above). This is on by default.
- -\b-C\bC If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh does not overwrite an existing file with
- the >\b>, >\b>&\b&, and <\b<>\b> redirection operators. This may be
+ -\b-C\bC If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh does not overwrite an existing file with
+ the >\b>, >\b>&\b&, and <\b<>\b> redirection operators. This may be
overridden when creating output files by using the redi-
rection operator >\b>|\b| instead of >\b>.
-\b-E\bE If set, any trap on E\bER\bRR\bR is inherited by shell functions,
- command substitutions, and commands executed in a sub-
- shell environment. The E\bER\bRR\bR trap is normally not inher-
+ command substitutions, and commands executed in a sub-
+ shell environment. The E\bER\bRR\bR trap is normally not inher-
ited in such cases.
-\b-H\bH Enable !\b! style history substitution. This option is on
by default when the shell is interactive.
- -\b-P\bP If set, the shell does not follow symbolic links when
- executing commands such as c\bcd\bd that change the current
+ -\b-P\bP If set, the shell does not follow symbolic links when
+ executing commands such as c\bcd\bd that change the current
working directory. It uses the physical directory
structure instead. By default, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh follows the logical
- chain of directories when performing commands which
+ chain of directories when performing commands which
change the current directory.
- -\b-T\bT If set, any traps on D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN are inherited by
- shell functions, command substitutions, and commands
- executed in a subshell environment. The D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and
+ -\b-T\bT If set, any traps on D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN are inherited by
+ shell functions, command substitutions, and commands
+ executed in a subshell environment. The D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and
R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN traps are normally not inherited in such cases.
- -\b--\b- If no arguments follow this option, then the positional
+ -\b--\b- If no arguments follow this option, then the positional
parameters are unset. Otherwise, the positional parame-
- ters are set to the _\ba_\br_\bgs, even if some of them begin
+ ters are set to the _\ba_\br_\bgs, even if some of them begin
with a -\b-.
- -\b- Signal the end of options, cause all remaining _\ba_\br_\bgs to
+ -\b- Signal the end of options, cause all remaining _\ba_\br_\bgs to
be assigned to the positional parameters. The -\b-x\bx and -\b-v\bv
options are turned off. If there are no _\ba_\br_\bgs, the posi-
tional parameters remain unchanged.
- The options are off by default unless otherwise noted. Using +
- rather than - causes these options to be turned off. The
- options can also be specified as arguments to an invocation of
- the shell. The current set of options may be found in $\b$-\b-. The
+ The options are off by default unless otherwise noted. Using +
+ rather than - causes these options to be turned off. The
+ options can also be specified as arguments to an invocation of
+ the shell. The current set of options may be found in $\b$-\b-. The
return status is always true unless an invalid option is encoun-
tered.
s\bsh\bhi\bif\bft\bt [_\bn]
- The positional parameters from _\bn+1 ... are renamed to $\b$1\b1 .\b..\b..\b..\b.
- Parameters represented by the numbers $\b$#\b# down to $\b$#\b#-_\bn+1 are
- unset. _\bn must be a non-negative number less than or equal to
- $\b$#\b#. If _\bn is 0, no parameters are changed. If _\bn is not given,
- it is assumed to be 1. If _\bn is greater than $\b$#\b#, the positional
- parameters are not changed. The return status is greater than
+ The positional parameters from _\bn+1 ... are renamed to $\b$1\b1 .\b..\b..\b..\b.
+ Parameters represented by the numbers $\b$#\b# down to $\b$#\b#-_\bn+1 are
+ unset. _\bn must be a non-negative number less than or equal to
+ $\b$#\b#. If _\bn is 0, no parameters are changed. If _\bn is not given,
+ it is assumed to be 1. If _\bn is greater than $\b$#\b#, the positional
+ parameters are not changed. The return status is greater than
zero if _\bn is greater than $\b$#\b# or less than zero; otherwise 0.
s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt [-\b-p\bpq\bqs\bsu\bu] [-\b-o\bo] [_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
Toggle the values of variables controlling optional shell behav-
ior. With no options, or with the -\b-p\bp option, a list of all set-
table options is displayed, with an indication of whether or not
- each is set. The -\b-p\bp option causes output to be displayed in a
- form that may be reused as input. Other options have the fol-
+ each is set. The -\b-p\bp option causes output to be displayed in a
+ form that may be reused as input. Other options have the fol-
lowing meanings:
-\b-s\bs Enable (set) each _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.
-\b-u\bu Disable (unset) each _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.
- -\b-q\bq Suppresses normal output (quiet mode); the return status
+ -\b-q\bq Suppresses normal output (quiet mode); the return status
indicates whether the _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is set or unset. If multi-
- ple _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given with -\b-q\bq, the return sta-
- tus is zero if all _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are enabled; non-zero other-
+ ple _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given with -\b-q\bq, the return sta-
+ tus is zero if all _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are enabled; non-zero other-
wise.
- -\b-o\bo Restricts the values of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be to be those defined for
+ -\b-o\bo Restricts the values of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be to be those defined for
the -\b-o\bo option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin.
- If either -\b-s\bs or -\b-u\bu is used with no _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments, the dis-
+ If either -\b-s\bs or -\b-u\bu is used with no _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments, the dis-
play is limited to those options which are set or unset, respec-
- tively. Unless otherwise noted, the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt options are disabled
+ tively. Unless otherwise noted, the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt options are disabled
(unset) by default.
- The return status when listing options is zero if all _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs
- are enabled, non-zero otherwise. When setting or unsetting
- options, the return status is zero unless an _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a
+ The return status when listing options is zero if all _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs
+ are enabled, non-zero otherwise. When setting or unsetting
+ options, the return status is zero unless an _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a
valid shell option.
The list of s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt options is:
- a\bau\but\bto\boc\bcd\bd If set, a command name that is the name of a directory
- is executed as if it were the argument to the c\bcd\bd com-
+ a\bau\but\bto\boc\bcd\bd If set, a command name that is the name of a directory
+ is executed as if it were the argument to the c\bcd\bd com-
mand. This option is only used by interactive shells.
c\bcd\bda\bab\bbl\ble\be_\b_v\bva\bar\brs\bs
- If set, an argument to the c\bcd\bd builtin command that is
- not a directory is assumed to be the name of a variable
+ If set, an argument to the c\bcd\bd builtin command that is
+ not a directory is assumed to be the name of a variable
whose value is the directory to change to.
c\bcd\bds\bsp\bpe\bel\bll\bl If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory com-
- ponent in a c\bcd\bd command will be corrected. The errors
+ ponent in a c\bcd\bd command will be corrected. The errors
checked for are transposed characters, a missing charac-
- ter, and one character too many. If a correction is
- found, the corrected file name is printed, and the com-
- mand proceeds. This option is only used by interactive
+ ter, and one character too many. If a correction is
+ found, the corrected file name is printed, and the com-
+ mand proceeds. This option is only used by interactive
shells.
c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bkh\bha\bas\bsh\bh
If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh checks that a command found in the hash ta-
- ble exists before trying to execute it. If a hashed
- command no longer exists, a normal path search is per-
+ ble exists before trying to execute it. If a hashed
+ command no longer exists, a normal path search is per-
formed.
c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bkj\bjo\bob\bbs\bs
If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh lists the status of any stopped and running
- jobs before exiting an interactive shell. If any jobs
+ jobs before exiting an interactive shell. If any jobs
are running, this causes the exit to be deferred until a
- second exit is attempted without an intervening command
- (see J\bJO\bOB\bB C\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL above). The shell always postpones
+ second exit is attempted without an intervening command
+ (see J\bJO\bOB\bB C\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL above). The shell always postpones
exiting if any jobs are stopped.
c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bkw\bwi\bin\bns\bsi\biz\bze\be
- If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh checks the window size after each command
- and, if necessary, updates the values of L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bES\bS and C\bCO\bOL\bL-\b-
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh checks the window size after each command
+ and, if necessary, updates the values of L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bES\bS and C\bCO\bOL\bL-\b-
U\bUM\bMN\bNS\bS.
- c\bcm\bmd\bdh\bhi\bis\bst\bt If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts to save all lines of a multiple-
- line command in the same history entry. This allows
+ c\bcm\bmd\bdh\bhi\bis\bst\bt If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts to save all lines of a multiple-
+ line command in the same history entry. This allows
easy re-editing of multi-line commands.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt3\b31\b1
If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh changes its behavior to that of version 3.1
- with respect to quoted arguments to the [\b[[\b[ conditional
+ with respect to quoted arguments to the [\b[[\b[ conditional
command's =\b=~\b~ operator.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt3\b32\b2
If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh changes its behavior to that of version 3.2
- with respect to locale-specific string comparison when
- using the [\b[[\b[ conditional command's <\b< and >\b> operators.
- Bash versions prior to bash-4.1 use ASCII collation and
- _\bs_\bt_\br_\bc_\bm_\bp(3); bash-4.1 and later use the current locale's
+ with respect to locale-specific string comparison when
+ using the [\b[[\b[ conditional command's <\b< and >\b> operators.
+ Bash versions prior to bash-4.1 use ASCII collation and
+ _\bs_\bt_\br_\bc_\bm_\bp(3); bash-4.1 and later use the current locale's
collation sequence and _\bs_\bt_\br_\bc_\bo_\bl_\bl(3).
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt4\b40\b0
If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh changes its behavior to that of version 4.0
- with respect to locale-specific string comparison when
- using the [\b[[\b[ conditional command's <\b< and >\b> operators
- (see previous item) and the effect of interrupting a
+ with respect to locale-specific string comparison when
+ using the [\b[[\b[ conditional command's <\b< and >\b> operators
+ (see previous item) and the effect of interrupting a
command list.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt4\b41\b1
- If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh, when in posix mode, treats a single quote
- in a double-quoted parameter expansion as a special
- character. The single quotes must match (an even num-
- ber) and the characters between the single quotes are
- considered quoted. This is the behavior of posix mode
- through version 4.1. The default bash behavior remains
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh, when in posix mode, treats a single quote
+ in a double-quoted parameter expansion as a special
+ character. The single quotes must match (an even num-
+ ber) and the characters between the single quotes are
+ considered quoted. This is the behavior of posix mode
+ through version 4.1. The default bash behavior remains
as in previous versions.
+ d\bdi\bir\bre\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh replaces directory names with the results
+ of word expansion when performing filename completion.
+ This changes the contents of the readline editing
+ buffer. If not set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts to preserve what the
+ user typed.
d\bdi\bir\brs\bsp\bpe\bel\bll\bl
- If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts spelling correction on directory
- names during word completion if the directory name ini-
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts spelling correction on directory
+ names during word completion if the directory name ini-
tially supplied does not exist.
- d\bdo\bot\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh includes filenames beginning with a `.' in
+ d\bdo\bot\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh includes filenames beginning with a `.' in
the results of pathname expansion.
e\bex\bxe\bec\bcf\bfa\bai\bil\bl
If set, a non-interactive shell will not exit if it can-
- not execute the file specified as an argument to the
- e\bex\bxe\bec\bc builtin command. An interactive shell does not
+ not execute the file specified as an argument to the
+ e\bex\bxe\bec\bc builtin command. An interactive shell does not
exit if e\bex\bxe\bec\bc fails.
e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd_\b_a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bse\bes\bs
- If set, aliases are expanded as described above under
+ If set, aliases are expanded as described above under
A\bAL\bLI\bIA\bAS\bSE\bES\bS. This option is enabled by default for interac-
tive shells.
e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg
- If set, behavior intended for use by debuggers is
+ If set, behavior intended for use by debuggers is
enabled:
1\b1.\b. The -\b-F\bF option to the d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be builtin displays the
source file name and line number corresponding to
each function name supplied as an argument.
- 2\b2.\b. If the command run by the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap returns a
- non-zero value, the next command is skipped and
+ 2\b2.\b. If the command run by the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap returns a
+ non-zero value, the next command is skipped and
not executed.
- 3\b3.\b. If the command run by the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap returns a
- value of 2, and the shell is executing in a sub-
- routine (a shell function or a shell script exe-
- cuted by the .\b. or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be builtins), a call to
+ 3\b3.\b. If the command run by the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap returns a
+ value of 2, and the shell is executing in a sub-
+ routine (a shell function or a shell script exe-
+ cuted by the .\b. or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be builtins), a call to
r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn is simulated.
- 4\b4.\b. B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGC\bC and B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGV\bV are updated as described
+ 4\b4.\b. B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGC\bC and B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGV\bV are updated as described
in their descriptions above.
- 5\b5.\b. Function tracing is enabled: command substitu-
+ 5\b5.\b. Function tracing is enabled: command substitu-
tion, shell functions, and subshells invoked with
(\b( _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd )\b) inherit the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN traps.
- 6\b6.\b. Error tracing is enabled: command substitution,
- shell functions, and subshells invoked with (\b(
+ 6\b6.\b. Error tracing is enabled: command substitution,
+ shell functions, and subshells invoked with (\b(
_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd )\b) inherit the E\bER\bRR\bR trap.
e\bex\bxt\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb If set, the extended pattern matching features described
above under P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn are enabled.
e\bex\bxt\btq\bqu\buo\bot\bte\be
- If set, $\b$'_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg' and $\b$"_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg" quoting is performed
- within $\b${\b{_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br}\b} expansions enclosed in double
+ If set, $\b$'_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg' and $\b$"_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg" quoting is performed
+ within $\b${\b{_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br}\b} expansions enclosed in double
quotes. This option is enabled by default.
f\bfa\bai\bil\blg\bgl\blo\bob\bb
- If set, patterns which fail to match filenames during
+ If set, patterns which fail to match filenames during
pathname expansion result in an expansion error.
f\bfo\bor\brc\bce\be_\b_f\bfi\big\bgn\bno\bor\bre\be
- If set, the suffixes specified by the F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE shell
- variable cause words to be ignored when performing word
+ If set, the suffixes specified by the F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE shell
+ variable cause words to be ignored when performing word
completion even if the ignored words are the only possi-
ble completions. See S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL V\bVA\bAR\bRI\bIA\bAB\bBL\bLE\bES\bS above for a
- description of F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE. This option is enabled by
+ description of F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE. This option is enabled by
default.
+ g\bgl\blo\bob\bba\bas\bsc\bci\bii\bir\bra\ban\bng\bge\bes\bs
+ If set, range expressions used in pattern matching (see
+ P\bPa\bat\btt\bte\ber\brn\bn M\bMa\bat\btc\bch\bhi\bin\bng\bg above) behave as if in the traditional
+ C locale when performing comparisons. That is, the cur-
+ rent locale's collating sequence is not taken into
+ account, so b\bb will not collate between A\bA and B\bB, and
+ upper-case and lower-case ASCII characters will collate
+ together.
g\bgl\blo\bob\bbs\bst\bta\bar\br
If set, the pattern *\b**\b* used in a pathname expansion con-
- text will match all files and zero or more directories
- and subdirectories. If the pattern is followed by a /\b/,
+ text will match all files and zero or more directories
+ and subdirectories. If the pattern is followed by a /\b/,
only directories and subdirectories match.
g\bgn\bnu\bu_\b_e\ber\brr\brf\bfm\bmt\bt
If set, shell error messages are written in the standard
GNU error message format.
h\bhi\bis\bst\bta\bap\bpp\bpe\ben\bnd\bd
- If set, the history list is appended to the file named
- by the value of the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE variable when the shell
+ If set, the history list is appended to the file named
+ by the value of the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE variable when the shell
exits, rather than overwriting the file.
h\bhi\bis\bst\btr\bre\bee\bed\bdi\bit\bt
- If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, a user is given the
+ If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, a user is given the
opportunity to re-edit a failed history substitution.
h\bhi\bis\bst\btv\bve\ber\bri\bif\bfy\by
- If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, the results of his-
- tory substitution are not immediately passed to the
- shell parser. Instead, the resulting line is loaded
+ If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, the results of his-
+ tory substitution are not immediately passed to the
+ shell parser. Instead, the resulting line is loaded
into the r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be editing buffer, allowing further modi-
fication.
h\bho\bos\bst\btc\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be
If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh will attempt to
- perform hostname completion when a word containing a @\b@
- is being completed (see C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bin\bng\bg under R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE
+ perform hostname completion when a word containing a @\b@
+ is being completed (see C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bin\bng\bg under R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE
above). This is enabled by default.
h\bhu\bup\bpo\bon\bne\bex\bxi\bit\bt
If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh will send S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP to all jobs when an inter-
active login shell exits.
i\bin\bnt\bte\ber\bra\bac\bct\bti\biv\bve\be_\b_c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bts\bs
If set, allow a word beginning with #\b# to cause that word
- and all remaining characters on that line to be ignored
- in an interactive shell (see C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bME\bEN\bNT\bTS\bS above). This
+ and all remaining characters on that line to be ignored
+ in an interactive shell (see C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bME\bEN\bNT\bTS\bS above). This
option is enabled by default.
l\bla\bas\bst\btp\bpi\bip\bpe\be
- If set, and job control is not active, the shell runs
+ If set, and job control is not active, the shell runs
the last command of a pipeline not executed in the back-
ground in the current shell environment.
- l\bli\bit\bth\bhi\bis\bst\bt If set, and the c\bcm\bmd\bdh\bhi\bis\bst\bt option is enabled, multi-line
+ l\bli\bit\bth\bhi\bis\bst\bt If set, and the c\bcm\bmd\bdh\bhi\bis\bst\bt option is enabled, multi-line
commands are saved to the history with embedded newlines
rather than using semicolon separators where possible.
l\blo\bog\bgi\bin\bn_\b_s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl
- The shell sets this option if it is started as a login
- shell (see I\bIN\bNV\bVO\bOC\bCA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN above). The value may not be
+ The shell sets this option if it is started as a login
+ shell (see I\bIN\bNV\bVO\bOC\bCA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN above). The value may not be
changed.
m\bma\bai\bil\blw\bwa\bar\brn\bn
- If set, and a file that b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is checking for mail has
- been accessed since the last time it was checked, the
- message ``The mail in _\bm_\ba_\bi_\bl_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be has been read'' is dis-
+ If set, and a file that b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is checking for mail has
+ been accessed since the last time it was checked, the
+ message ``The mail in _\bm_\ba_\bi_\bl_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be has been read'' is dis-
played.
n\bno\bo_\b_e\bem\bmp\bpt\bty\by_\b_c\bcm\bmd\bd_\b_c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn
- If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh will not
+ If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh will not
attempt to search the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH for possible completions when
completion is attempted on an empty line.
n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\beg\bgl\blo\bob\bb
- If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh matches filenames in a case-insensitive
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh matches filenames in a case-insensitive
fashion when performing pathname expansion (see P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be
E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn above).
n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\bem\bma\bat\btc\bch\bh
- If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh matches patterns in a case-insensitive
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh matches patterns in a case-insensitive
fashion when performing matching while executing c\bca\bas\bse\be or
[\b[[\b[ conditional commands.
n\bnu\bul\bll\blg\bgl\blo\bob\bb
- If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh allows patterns which match no files (see
- P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn above) to expand to a null string,
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh allows patterns which match no files (see
+ P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn above) to expand to a null string,
rather than themselves.
p\bpr\bro\bog\bgc\bco\bom\bmp\bp
If set, the programmable completion facilities (see P\bPr\bro\bo-\b-
enabled by default.
p\bpr\bro\bom\bmp\bpt\btv\bva\bar\brs\bs
If set, prompt strings undergo parameter expansion, com-
- mand substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote
- removal after being expanded as described in P\bPR\bRO\bOM\bMP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bNG\bG
+ mand substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote
+ removal after being expanded as described in P\bPR\bRO\bOM\bMP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bNG\bG
above. This option is enabled by default.
r\bre\bes\bst\btr\bri\bic\bct\bte\bed\bd_\b_s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl
- The shell sets this option if it is started in
+ The shell sets this option if it is started in
restricted mode (see R\bRE\bES\bST\bTR\bRI\bIC\bCT\bTE\bED\bD S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL below). The value
- may not be changed. This is not reset when the startup
- files are executed, allowing the startup files to dis-
+ may not be changed. This is not reset when the startup
+ files are executed, allowing the startup files to dis-
cover whether or not a shell is restricted.
s\bsh\bhi\bif\bft\bt_\b_v\bve\ber\brb\bbo\bos\bse\be
- If set, the s\bsh\bhi\bif\bft\bt builtin prints an error message when
+ If set, the s\bsh\bhi\bif\bft\bt builtin prints an error message when
the shift count exceeds the number of positional parame-
ters.
s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\bep\bpa\bat\bth\bh
If set, the s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be (.\b.) builtin uses the value of P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH to
- find the directory containing the file supplied as an
+ find the directory containing the file supplied as an
argument. This option is enabled by default.
x\bxp\bpg\bg_\b_e\bec\bch\bho\bo
- If set, the e\bec\bch\bho\bo builtin expands backslash-escape
+ If set, the e\bec\bch\bho\bo builtin expands backslash-escape
sequences by default.
s\bsu\bus\bsp\bpe\ben\bnd\bd [-\b-f\bf]
- Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a S\bSI\bIG\bGC\bCO\bON\bNT\bT
+ Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a S\bSI\bIG\bGC\bCO\bON\bNT\bT
signal. A login shell cannot be suspended; the -\b-f\bf option can be
used to override this and force the suspension. The return sta-
- tus is 0 unless the shell is a login shell and -\b-f\bf is not sup-
+ tus is 0 unless the shell is a login shell and -\b-f\bf is not sup-
plied, or if job control is not enabled.
t\bte\bes\bst\bt _\be_\bx_\bp_\br
[\b[ _\be_\bx_\bp_\br ]\b]
- Return a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the
- conditional expression _\be_\bx_\bp_\br. Each operator and operand must be
- a separate argument. Expressions are composed of the primaries
- described above under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS. t\bte\bes\bst\bt does not
+ Return a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the
+ conditional expression _\be_\bx_\bp_\br. Each operator and operand must be
+ a separate argument. Expressions are composed of the primaries
+ described above under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS. t\bte\bes\bst\bt does not
accept any options, nor does it accept and ignore an argument of
-\b--\b- as signifying the end of options.
- Expressions may be combined using the following operators,
+ Expressions may be combined using the following operators,
listed in decreasing order of precedence. The evaluation
- depends on the number of arguments; see below. Operator prece-
+ depends on the number of arguments; see below. Operator prece-
dence is used when there are five or more arguments.
!\b! _\be_\bx_\bp_\br True if _\be_\bx_\bp_\br is false.
(\b( _\be_\bx_\bp_\br )\b)
- Returns the value of _\be_\bx_\bp_\br. This may be used to override
+ Returns the value of _\be_\bx_\bp_\br. This may be used to override
the normal precedence of operators.
_\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b1 -a\ba _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b2
True if both _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b1 and _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b2 are true.
null.
2 arguments
If the first argument is !\b!, the expression is true if and
- only if the second argument is null. If the first argu-
- ment is one of the unary conditional operators listed
- above under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS, the expression is
+ only if the second argument is null. If the first argu-
+ ment is one of the unary conditional operators listed
+ above under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS, the expression is
true if the unary test is true. If the first argument is
not a valid unary conditional operator, the expression is
false.
3 arguments
The following conditions are applied in the order listed.
- If the second argument is one of the binary conditional
+ If the second argument is one of the binary conditional
operators listed above under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS, the
result of the expression is the result of the binary test
- using the first and third arguments as operands. The -\b-a\ba
- and -\b-o\bo operators are considered binary operators when
- there are three arguments. If the first argument is !\b!,
- the value is the negation of the two-argument test using
+ using the first and third arguments as operands. The -\b-a\ba
+ and -\b-o\bo operators are considered binary operators when
+ there are three arguments. If the first argument is !\b!,
+ the value is the negation of the two-argument test using
the second and third arguments. If the first argument is
exactly (\b( and the third argument is exactly )\b), the result
- is the one-argument test of the second argument. Other-
+ is the one-argument test of the second argument. Other-
wise, the expression is false.
4 arguments
If the first argument is !\b!, the result is the negation of
- the three-argument expression composed of the remaining
+ the three-argument expression composed of the remaining
arguments. Otherwise, the expression is parsed and eval-
- uated according to precedence using the rules listed
+ uated according to precedence using the rules listed
above.
5 or more arguments
- The expression is parsed and evaluated according to
+ The expression is parsed and evaluated according to
precedence using the rules listed above.
- When used with t\bte\bes\bst\bt or [\b[, the <\b< and >\b> operators sort lexico-
+ When used with t\bte\bes\bst\bt or [\b[, the <\b< and >\b> operators sort lexico-
graphically using ASCII ordering.
- t\bti\bim\bme\bes\bs Print the accumulated user and system times for the shell and
+ t\bti\bim\bme\bes\bs Print the accumulated user and system times for the shell and
for processes run from the shell. The return status is 0.
t\btr\bra\bap\bp [-\b-l\blp\bp] [[_\ba_\br_\bg] _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc ...]
- The command _\ba_\br_\bg is to be read and executed when the shell
- receives signal(s) _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc. If _\ba_\br_\bg is absent (and there is a
- single _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc) or -\b-, each specified signal is reset to its
- original disposition (the value it had upon entrance to the
- shell). If _\ba_\br_\bg is the null string the signal specified by each
- _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is ignored by the shell and by the commands it invokes.
- If _\ba_\br_\bg is not present and -\b-p\bp has been supplied, then the trap
- commands associated with each _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc are displayed. If no
- arguments are supplied or if only -\b-p\bp is given, t\btr\bra\bap\bp prints the
- list of commands associated with each signal. The -\b-l\bl option
- causes the shell to print a list of signal names and their cor-
- responding numbers. Each _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is either a signal name
- defined in <_\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\ba_\bl_\b._\bh>, or a signal number. Signal names are
+ The command _\ba_\br_\bg is to be read and executed when the shell
+ receives signal(s) _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc. If _\ba_\br_\bg is absent (and there is a
+ single _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc) or -\b-, each specified signal is reset to its
+ original disposition (the value it had upon entrance to the
+ shell). If _\ba_\br_\bg is the null string the signal specified by each
+ _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is ignored by the shell and by the commands it invokes.
+ If _\ba_\br_\bg is not present and -\b-p\bp has been supplied, then the trap
+ commands associated with each _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc are displayed. If no
+ arguments are supplied or if only -\b-p\bp is given, t\btr\bra\bap\bp prints the
+ list of commands associated with each signal. The -\b-l\bl option
+ causes the shell to print a list of signal names and their cor-
+ responding numbers. Each _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is either a signal name
+ defined in <_\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\ba_\bl_\b._\bh>, or a signal number. Signal names are
case insensitive and the S\bSI\bIG\bG prefix is optional.
- If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is E\bEX\bXI\bIT\bT (0) the command _\ba_\br_\bg is executed on exit
- from the shell. If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG, the command _\ba_\br_\bg is exe-
- cuted before every _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd, _\bf_\bo_\br command, _\bc_\ba_\bs_\be command,
- _\bs_\be_\bl_\be_\bc_\bt command, every arithmetic _\bf_\bo_\br command, and before the
- first command executes in a shell function (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR
- above). Refer to the description of the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg option to the
+ If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is E\bEX\bXI\bIT\bT (0) the command _\ba_\br_\bg is executed on exit
+ from the shell. If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG, the command _\ba_\br_\bg is exe-
+ cuted before every _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd, _\bf_\bo_\br command, _\bc_\ba_\bs_\be command,
+ _\bs_\be_\bl_\be_\bc_\bt command, every arithmetic _\bf_\bo_\br command, and before the
+ first command executes in a shell function (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR
+ above). Refer to the description of the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg option to the
s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin for details of its effect on the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap. If a
_\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN, the command _\ba_\br_\bg is executed each time a shell
function or a script executed with the .\b. or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be builtins fin-
If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is E\bER\bRR\bR, the command _\ba_\br_\bg is executed whenever a sim-
ple command has a non-zero exit status, subject to the following
- conditions. The E\bER\bRR\bR trap is not executed if the failed command
- is part of the command list immediately following a w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be or
- u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl keyword, part of the test in an _\bi_\bf statement, part of a
- command executed in a &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b| list, or if the command's return
- value is being inverted via !\b!. These are the same conditions
+ conditions. The E\bER\bRR\bR trap is not executed if the failed command
+ is part of the command list immediately following a w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be or
+ u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl keyword, part of the test in an _\bi_\bf statement, part of a
+ command executed in a &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b| list, or if the command's return
+ value is being inverted via !\b!. These are the same conditions
obeyed by the e\ber\brr\bre\bex\bxi\bit\bt option.
- Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or
- reset. Trapped signals that are not being ignored are reset to
+ Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or
+ reset. Trapped signals that are not being ignored are reset to
their original values in a subshell or subshell environment when
- one is created. The return status is false if any _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is
+ one is created. The return status is false if any _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is
invalid; otherwise t\btr\bra\bap\bp returns true.
t\bty\byp\bpe\be [-\b-a\baf\bft\btp\bpP\bP] _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- With no options, indicate how each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be would be interpreted if
+ With no options, indicate how each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be would be interpreted if
used as a command name. If the -\b-t\bt option is used, t\bty\byp\bpe\be prints a
- string which is one of _\ba_\bl_\bi_\ba_\bs, _\bk_\be_\by_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn, _\bb_\bu_\bi_\bl_\bt_\bi_\bn, or
- _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be if _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is an alias, shell reserved word, function,
- builtin, or disk file, respectively. If the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not found,
- then nothing is printed, and an exit status of false is
- returned. If the -\b-p\bp option is used, t\bty\byp\bpe\be either returns the
+ string which is one of _\ba_\bl_\bi_\ba_\bs, _\bk_\be_\by_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn, _\bb_\bu_\bi_\bl_\bt_\bi_\bn, or
+ _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be if _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is an alias, shell reserved word, function,
+ builtin, or disk file, respectively. If the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not found,
+ then nothing is printed, and an exit status of false is
+ returned. If the -\b-p\bp option is used, t\bty\byp\bpe\be either returns the
name of the disk file that would be executed if _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be were speci-
fied as a command name, or nothing if ``type -t name'' would not
- return _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be. The -\b-P\bP option forces a P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH search for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be,
+ return _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be. The -\b-P\bP option forces a P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH search for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be,
even if ``type -t name'' would not return _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be. If a command is
- hashed, -\b-p\bp and -\b-P\bP print the hashed value, not necessarily the
+ hashed, -\b-p\bp and -\b-P\bP print the hashed value, not necessarily the
file that appears first in P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH. If the -\b-a\ba option is used, t\bty\byp\bpe\be
- prints all of the places that contain an executable named _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.
- This includes aliases and functions, if and only if the -\b-p\bp
- option is not also used. The table of hashed commands is not
- consulted when using -\b-a\ba. The -\b-f\bf option suppresses shell func-
- tion lookup, as with the c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd builtin. t\bty\byp\bpe\be returns true if
+ prints all of the places that contain an executable named _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.
+ This includes aliases and functions, if and only if the -\b-p\bp
+ option is not also used. The table of hashed commands is not
+ consulted when using -\b-a\ba. The -\b-f\bf option suppresses shell func-
+ tion lookup, as with the c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd builtin. t\bty\byp\bpe\be returns true if
all of the arguments are found, false if any are not found.
u\bul\bli\bim\bmi\bit\bt [-\b-H\bHS\bST\bTa\bab\bbc\bcd\bde\bef\bfi\bil\blm\bmn\bnp\bpq\bqr\brs\bst\btu\buv\bvx\bx [_\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt]]
- Provides control over the resources available to the shell and
- to processes started by it, on systems that allow such control.
+ Provides control over the resources available to the shell and
+ to processes started by it, on systems that allow such control.
The -\b-H\bH and -\b-S\bS options specify that the hard or soft limit is set
- for the given resource. A hard limit cannot be increased by a
- non-root user once it is set; a soft limit may be increased up
- to the value of the hard limit. If neither -\b-H\bH nor -\b-S\bS is speci-
+ for the given resource. A hard limit cannot be increased by a
+ non-root user once it is set; a soft limit may be increased up
+ to the value of the hard limit. If neither -\b-H\bH nor -\b-S\bS is speci-
fied, both the soft and hard limits are set. The value of _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt
can be a number in the unit specified for the resource or one of
the special values h\bha\bar\brd\bd, s\bso\bof\bft\bt, or u\bun\bnl\bli\bim\bmi\bit\bte\bed\bd, which stand for the
- current hard limit, the current soft limit, and no limit,
- respectively. If _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt is omitted, the current value of the
- soft limit of the resource is printed, unless the -\b-H\bH option is
+ current hard limit, the current soft limit, and no limit,
+ respectively. If _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt is omitted, the current value of the
+ soft limit of the resource is printed, unless the -\b-H\bH option is
given. When more than one resource is specified, the limit name
and unit are printed before the value. Other options are inter-
preted as follows:
-\b-c\bc The maximum size of core files created
-\b-d\bd The maximum size of a process's data segment
-\b-e\be The maximum scheduling priority ("nice")
- -\b-f\bf The maximum size of files written by the shell and its
+ -\b-f\bf The maximum size of files written by the shell and its
children
-\b-i\bi The maximum number of pending signals
-\b-l\bl The maximum size that may be locked into memory
- -\b-m\bm The maximum resident set size (many systems do not honor
+ -\b-m\bm The maximum resident set size (many systems do not honor
this limit)
-\b-n\bn The maximum number of open file descriptors (most systems
do not allow this value to be set)
-\b-r\br The maximum real-time scheduling priority
-\b-s\bs The maximum stack size
-\b-t\bt The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds
- -\b-u\bu The maximum number of processes available to a single
+ -\b-u\bu The maximum number of processes available to a single
user
- -\b-v\bv The maximum amount of virtual memory available to the
+ -\b-v\bv The maximum amount of virtual memory available to the
shell and, on some systems, to its children
-\b-x\bx The maximum number of file locks
-\b-T\bT The maximum number of threads
If _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt is given, it is the new value of the specified resource
(the -\b-a\ba option is display only). If no option is given, then -\b-f\bf
- is assumed. Values are in 1024-byte increments, except for -\b-t\bt,
- which is in seconds, -\b-p\bp, which is in units of 512-byte blocks,
- and -\b-T\bT, -\b-b\bb, -\b-n\bn, and -\b-u\bu, which are unscaled values. The return
+ is assumed. Values are in 1024-byte increments, except for -\b-t\bt,
+ which is in seconds, -\b-p\bp, which is in units of 512-byte blocks,
+ and -\b-T\bT, -\b-b\bb, -\b-n\bn, and -\b-u\bu, which are unscaled values. The return
status is 0 unless an invalid option or argument is supplied, or
an error occurs while setting a new limit.
u\bum\bma\bas\bsk\bk [-\b-p\bp] [-\b-S\bS] [_\bm_\bo_\bd_\be]
The user file-creation mask is set to _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be. If _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be begins with
- a digit, it is interpreted as an octal number; otherwise it is
- interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that accepted by
- _\bc_\bh_\bm_\bo_\bd(1). If _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be is omitted, the current value of the mask is
- printed. The -\b-S\bS option causes the mask to be printed in sym-
- bolic form; the default output is an octal number. If the -\b-p\bp
+ a digit, it is interpreted as an octal number; otherwise it is
+ interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that accepted by
+ _\bc_\bh_\bm_\bo_\bd(1). If _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be is omitted, the current value of the mask is
+ printed. The -\b-S\bS option causes the mask to be printed in sym-
+ bolic form; the default output is an octal number. If the -\b-p\bp
option is supplied, and _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be is omitted, the output is in a form
that may be reused as input. The return status is 0 if the mode
- was successfully changed or if no _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be argument was supplied,
+ was successfully changed or if no _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be argument was supplied,
and false otherwise.
u\bun\bna\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs [-a\ba] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- Remove each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be from the list of defined aliases. If -\b-a\ba is
- supplied, all alias definitions are removed. The return value
+ Remove each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be from the list of defined aliases. If -\b-a\ba is
+ supplied, all alias definitions are removed. The return value
is true unless a supplied _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a defined alias.
u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt [-f\bfv\bv] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- For each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, remove the corresponding variable or function.
- If no options are supplied, or the -\b-v\bv option is given, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
- refers to a shell variable. Read-only variables may not be
- unset. If -\b-f\bf is specified, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be refers to a shell func-
- tion, and the function definition is removed. Each unset vari-
- able or function is removed from the environment passed to sub-
- sequent commands. If any of C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_W\bWO\bOR\bRD\bDB\bBR\bRE\bEA\bAK\bKS\bS, R\bRA\bAN\bND\bDO\bOM\bM, S\bSE\bEC\bCO\bON\bND\bDS\bS,
- L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO, H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCM\bMD\bD, F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE, G\bGR\bRO\bOU\bUP\bPS\bS, or D\bDI\bIR\bRS\bST\bTA\bAC\bCK\bK are unset, they
- lose their special properties, even if they are subsequently
- reset. The exit status is true unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is readonly.
+ For each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, remove the corresponding variable or function.
+ If the -\b-v\bv option is given, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be refers to a shell variable,
+ and that variable is removed. Read-only variables may not be
+ unset. If -\b-f\bf is specified, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be refers to a shell func-
+ tion, and the function definition is removed. If no options are
+ supplied, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be refers to a variable; if there is no vari-
+ able by that name, any function with that name is unset. Each
+ unset variable or function is removed from the environment
+ passed to subsequent commands. If any of C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_W\bWO\bOR\bRD\bDB\bBR\bRE\bEA\bAK\bKS\bS, R\bRA\bAN\bN-\b-
+ D\bDO\bOM\bM, S\bSE\bEC\bCO\bON\bND\bDS\bS, L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO, H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCM\bMD\bD, F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE, G\bGR\bRO\bOU\bUP\bPS\bS, or D\bDI\bIR\bRS\bST\bTA\bAC\bCK\bK are
+ unset, they lose their special properties, even if they are sub-
+ sequently reset. The exit status is true unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is read-
+ only.
w\bwa\bai\bit\bt [_\bn _\b._\b._\b.]
Wait for each specified process and return its termination sta-
%!PS-Adobe-3.0
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+%%CreationDate: Fri Jul 8 17:23:37 2011
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-120 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E 2.5(5o)144 132 S 2.5(rm)-2.5 G(ore ar)-2.5
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(ach speci\214ed signal is reset to its original disposition)-3.108 F
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-(cuted before e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E F2 1.168(simple command)
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-(command, and before the \214rst command e)2.647 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .146
-(cutes in a).15 F .145(shell function \(see)144 381.6 R F3 .145
-(SHELL GRAMMAR)2.645 F F0(abo)2.395 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.646(\). Refer).15
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411.6 R F3<ad6c>2.83 E F0 .33(option causes the shell \
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+(SHELL GRAMMAR)2.646 F F0(abo)2.396 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.646(\). Refer).15
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(cuted each time a shell function or a script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
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--.18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.144 G(iltins).2 E(\214nishes e)144 417.6 Q -.15(xe)
--.15 G(cuting.).15 E .929(If a)144 435.6 R F2(sigspec)3.769 E F0(is)
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--.15(ve)-.25 G 3.429(ras).15 G .928(imple command has a non\255zero)
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-(trap is not e)3.259 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.009(cuted if the f).15 F 1.009
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(ailed com-)-.1 F .324
-(mand is part of the command list immediately follo)144 459.6 R .324
-(wing a)-.25 F F1(while)2.824 E F0(or)2.824 E F1(until)2.824 E F0 -.1
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+(wing a)-.25 F F3(while)2.824 E F0(or)2.824 E F3(until)2.824 E F0 -.1
(ke)2.824 G(yw)-.05 E .324(ord, part of the test)-.1 F .151(in an)144
-471.6 R F2(if)2.661 E F0 .151(statement, part of a command e)4.611 F
--.15(xe)-.15 G .151(cuted in a).15 F F1(&&)2.651 E F0(or)2.651 E F1(||)
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-(eturn v)-2.651 F(alue)-.25 E(is being in)144 483.6 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G
-(rted via).15 E F1(!)2.5 E F0 5(.T)C(hese are the same conditions obe)-5
-E(yed by the)-.15 E F1(err)2.5 E(exit)-.18 E F0(option.)2.5 E 1.095
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-501.6 R -.35(Tr)6.095 G 1.095(apped signals that are not).35 F .662
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-(alues in a subshell or subshell en)-.25 F .662(vironment when one is)
--.4 F 2.5(created. The)144 525.6 R(return status is f)2.5 E(alse if an)
--.1 E(y)-.15 E F2(sigspec)2.84 E F0(is in)2.81 E -.25(va)-.4 G
-(lid; otherwise).25 E F1(trap)2.5 E F0(returns true.)2.5 E F1(type)108
-542.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aftpP)A F0(])A F2(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2
-(name)A F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 554.4 S .174
-(th no options, indicate ho).4 F 2.674(we)-.25 G(ach)-2.674 E F2(name)
-3.034 E F0 -.1(wo)2.854 G .173
-(uld be interpreted if used as a command name.).1 F .173(If the)5.173 F
-F1<ad74>144 566.4 Q F0 .842(option is used,)3.342 F F1(type)3.342 E F0
-.843(prints a string which is one of)3.343 F F2(alias)3.343 E F0(,).27 E
-F2 -.1(ke)3.343 G(ywor)-.2 E(d)-.37 E F0(,).77 E F2(function)3.343 E F0
-(,).24 E F2 -.2(bu)3.343 G(iltin).2 E F0 3.343(,o).24 G(r)-3.343 E F2
-(\214le)5.253 E F0(if)3.523 E F2(name)144.36 578.4 Q F0 .087
-(is an alias, shell reserv)2.767 F .087(ed w)-.15 F .087
-(ord, function, b)-.1 F .086(uiltin, or disk \214le, respecti)-.2 F -.15
-(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.086(.I)-.65 G 2.586(ft)-5.086 G(he)-2.586 E F2
-(name)2.946 E F0 .086(is not)2.766 F .118
-(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 590.4 R .118
-(xit status of f)-.15 F .118(alse is returned.)-.1 F .119(If the)5.119 F
-F1<ad70>2.619 E F0 .119(option is used,)2.619 F F1(type)2.619 E F0 .855
-(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 602.4 R .855
-(ould be e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .855(cuted if).15 F F2(name)3.715 E F0
-.855(were speci\214ed as a com-)3.535 F .64(mand name, or nothing if)144
-614.4 R/F5 10/Courier@0 SF .64(type -t name)3.14 F F0 -.1(wo)3.14 G .641
-(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)3.141 E F0 5.641(.T).18 G(he)-5.641 E F1
-<ad50>3.141 E F0 .641(option forces a)3.141 F F3 -.666(PA)3.141 G(TH)
--.189 E F0 .113(search for each)144 626.4 R F2(name)2.613 E F0 2.613(,e)
-C -.15(ve)-2.863 G 2.613(ni).15 G(f)-2.613 E F5 .113(type -t name)2.613
-F F0 -.1(wo)2.613 G .113(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)2.613 E F0 5.113
-(.I).18 G 2.613(fa)-5.113 G .112(command is hashed,)-.001 F F1<ad70>
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--.25 F F3 -.666(PA)2.945 G(TH)-.189 E F4(.)A F0 .445(If the)4.945 F F1
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-E F0 .265(prints all of the places that contain an e)2.765 F -.15(xe)
--.15 G .265(cutable named).15 F F2(name)2.765 E F0 5.265(.T).18 G .265
-(his includes aliases)-5.265 F .426(and functions, if and only if the)
-144 662.4 R F1<ad70>2.926 E F0 .426(option is not also used.)2.926 F
-.427(The table of hashed commands is not)5.426 F .549
-(consulted when using)144 674.4 R F1<ad61>3.049 E F0 5.549(.T)C(he)
--5.549 E F1<ad66>3.049 E F0 .548
-(option suppresses shell function lookup, as with the)3.049 F F1
-(command)3.048 E F0 -.2(bu)144 686.4 S(iltin.).2 E F1(type)5 E F0
-(returns true if all of the ar)2.5 E(guments are found, f)-.18 E
-(alse if an)-.1 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re not found.)-2.5 E F1(ulimit)108 703.2
-Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255HST)A(abcde\214lmnpqrstuvx)-.92 E F0([)2.5 E F2
-(limit)A F0(]])A(Pro)144 715.2 Q .243(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve)
--.15 G 2.743(rt).15 G .243(he resources a)-2.743 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244
-(ilable to the shell and to processes started by it, on systems).25 F
-.944(that allo)144 727.2 R 3.444(ws)-.25 G .944(uch control.)-3.444 F
-(The)5.944 E F1<ad48>3.444 E F0(and)3.444 E F1<ad53>3.444 E F0 .943
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-(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(20)198.725 E 0 Cg EP
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+(th no options, indicate ho).4 F 2.673(we)-.25 G(ach)-2.673 E F4(name)
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+(uld be interpreted if used as a command name.).1 F .174(If the)5.174 F
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+(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 710.4 R .855
+(ould be e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .855(cuted if).15 F F4(name)3.715 E F0
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%%Page: 21 21
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-(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E(gi)144 84 Q
--.15(ve)-.25 G 2.708(nr).15 G 2.708(esource. A)-2.708 F .208(hard limit\
- cannot be increased by a non-root user once it is set; a soft limit ma\
-y)2.708 F .426(be increased up to the v)144 96 R .426
-(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .425(If neither)5.426 F/F1 10
-/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad48>2.925 E F0(nor)2.925 E F1<ad53>2.925 E F0 .425
-(is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.925 F .139(hard limits are set.)144
-108 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
-(limit)2.729 E F0 .139
+(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .112
+(search for each)144 84 R/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)2.612 E F0 2.612
+(,e)C -.15(ve)-2.862 G 2.613(ni).15 G(f)-2.613 E/F2 10/Courier@0 SF .113
+(type -t name)2.613 F F0 -.1(wo)2.613 G .113(uld not return).1 F F1
+(\214le)2.613 E F0 5.113(.I).18 G 2.613(fac)-5.113 G .113
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+(prints all of the places that contain an e)2.765 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .265
+(cutable named).15 F F1(name)2.765 E F0 5.265(.T).18 G .265
+(his includes aliases)-5.265 F .427(and functions, if and only if the)
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+(The table of hashed commands is not)5.426 F .548(consulted when using)
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+(ilable to the shell and to processes started by it, on systems).25 F
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+144 196.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.709(nr).15 G 2.709(esource. A)-2.709 F .208
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+(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .426(If neither)5.425 F F3<ad48>2.926 E
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(can be a number in the unit speci\214ed for the resource or one)3.319 F
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-(soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F1(unlimited)3.241 E F0 3.241(,w)
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+(soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F3(unlimited)3.241 E F0 3.241(,w)
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-(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 132 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E
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(is omitted, the current v)3.96 F .78(alue of the soft limit of the)-.25
-F .499(resource is printed, unless the)144 144 R F1<ad48>2.999 E F0 .499
-(option is gi)2.999 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.999(n. When).15 F .498
+F .498(resource is printed, unless the)144 256.8 R F3<ad48>2.999 E F0
+.499(option is gi)2.999 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.999(n. When).15 F .499
(more than one resource is speci\214ed, the)2.999 F
-(limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 156 Q 2.5(alue. Other)
--.25 F(options are interpreted as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 168
-Q F0(All current limits are reported)25.3 E F1<ad62>144 180 Q F0
-(The maximum sock)24.74 E(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E(fer size)-.25 E F1<ad63>
-144 192 Q F0(The maximum size of core \214les created)25.86 E F1<ad64>
-144 204 Q F0(The maximum size of a process')24.74 E 2.5(sd)-.55 G
-(ata se)-2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F1<ad65>144 216 Q F0
-(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))25.86 E F1<ad66>144 228 Q F0
-(The maximum size of \214les written by the shell and its children)26.97
-E F1<ad69>144 240 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)27.52 E F1
-<ad6c>144 252 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)27.52 E
-(ed into memory)-.1 E F1<ad6d>144 264 Q F0
+(limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 268.8 Q 2.5
+(alue. Other)-.25 F(options are interpreted as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F3
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+292.8 Q F0(The maximum sock)24.74 E(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E(fer size)-.25 E
+F3<ad63>144 304.8 Q F0(The maximum size of core \214les created)25.86 E
+F3<ad64>144 316.8 Q F0(The maximum size of a process')24.74 E 2.5(sd)
+-.55 G(ata se)-2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F3<ad65>144 328.8 Q F0
+(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))25.86 E F3<ad66>144 340.8 Q
+F0(The maximum size of \214les written by the shell and its children)
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(The maximum resident set size \(man)21.97 E 2.5(ys)-.15 G
-(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F1<ad6e>144 276 Q F0 .791(The \
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-24.74 F 3.291(wt)-.25 G .791(his v)-3.291 F .791(alue to)-.25 F
-(be set\))180 288 Q F1<ad70>144 300 Q F0
-(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))24.74 E F1
-<ad71>144 312 Q F0(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)
-24.74 E F1<ad72>144 324 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)
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-348 Q F0(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)26.97 E F1<ad75>144
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-(ilable to a single user).25 E F1<ad76>144 372 Q F0 .47
+(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F3<ad6e>144 388.8 Q F0 .791(Th\
+e maximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do not allo)
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+400.8 Q F3<ad70>144 412.8 Q F0
+(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))24.74 E F3
+<ad71>144 424.8 Q F0
+(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)24.74 E F3<ad72>144
+436.8 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)25.86 E F3<ad73>144
+448.8 Q F0(The maximum stack size)26.41 E F3<ad74>144 460.8 Q F0
+(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)26.97 E F3<ad75>144 472.8 Q
+F0(The maximum number of processes a)24.74 E -.25(va)-.2 G
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(The maximum amount of virtual memory a)25.3 F -.25(va)-.2 G .47
-(ilable to the shell and, on some systems, to).25 F(its children)180 384
-Q F1<ad78>144 396 Q F0(The maximum number of \214le locks)25.3 E F1
-<ad54>144 408 Q F0(The maximum number of threads)23.63 E(If)144 424.8 Q
-F2(limit)2.933 E F0 .343(is gi)3.523 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .343
+(ilable to the shell and, on some systems, to).25 F(its children)180
+496.8 Q F3<ad78>144 508.8 Q F0(The maximum number of \214le locks)25.3 E
+F3<ad54>144 520.8 Q F0(The maximum number of threads)23.63 E(If)144
+537.6 Q F1(limit)2.933 E F0 .343(is gi)3.523 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .343
(n, it is the ne).15 F 2.843(wv)-.25 G .343
-(alue of the speci\214ed resource \(the)-3.093 F F
1<ad61>2.843 E F0 .343
-(option is display only\).)2.843 F .343(If no)5.343 F .176(option is gi)
-144 436.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .176(n, then).15 F F1<ad66>2.676 E F0 .175
-(is assumed.)2.676 F -1.11(Va)5.175 G .175
-(lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .175(xcept for)-.15 F F1
-<ad74>2.675 E F0 2.675(,w)C .175(hich is in)-2.675 F(seconds,)144 448.8
-Q F1<ad70>2.515 E F0 2.515(,w)C .015
-(hich is in units of 512-byte blocks, and)-2.51
5 F F1<ad54>2.516 E F0(,)
-A F1<ad62>2.516 E F0(,)A F1<ad6e>2.516 E F0 2.516(,a)C(nd)-2.516 E F1
-<ad75>2.516 E F0 2.516(,w)C .016(hich are unscaled v)-2.516 F(al-)-.25 E
-3.788(ues. The)144 460.8 R 1.287(return status is 0 unless an in)3.787 F
+(alue of the speci\214ed resource \(the)-3.093 F F
3<ad61>2.843 E F0 .343
+(option is display only\).)2.843 F .343(If no)5.343 F .175(option is gi)
+144 549.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .175(n, then).15 F F3<ad66>2.675 E F0 .175
+(is assumed.)2.675 F -1.11(Va)5.175 G .175
+(lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .176(xcept for)-.15 F F3
+<ad74>2.676 E F0 2.676(,w)C .176(hich is in)-2.676 F(seconds,)144 561.6
+Q F3<ad70>2.516 E F0 2.516(,w)C .016
+(hich is in units of 512-byte blocks, and)-2.51
6 F F3<ad54>2.516 E F0(,)
+A F3<ad62>2.515 E F0(,)A F3<ad6e>2.515 E F0 2.515(,a)C(nd)-2.515 E F3
+<ad75>2.515 E F0 2.515(,w)C .015(hich are unscaled v)-2.515 F(al-)-.25 E
+3.787(ues. The)144 573.6 R 1.287(return status is 0 unless an in)3.787 F
-.25(va)-.4 G 1.287(lid option or ar).25 F 1.287
(gument is supplied, or an error occurs)-.18 F(while setting a ne)144
-472.8 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(imit.)-2.5 E F1(umask)108 489.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1
-<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad53>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(mode)-2.5 E F0(])A .2
-(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 501.6 R F2(mode)2.7 E F0
-5.2(.I).18 G(f)-5.2 E F2(mode)3.08 E F0(be)2.88 E .2
+585.6 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(imit.)-2.5 E F3(umask)108 602.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F3
+<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F3<ad53>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(mode)-2.5 E F0(])A .2
+(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 614.4 R F1(mode)2.7 E F0
+5.2(.I).18 G(f)-5.2 E F1(mode)3.08 E F0(be)2.88 E .2
(gins with a digit, it is interpreted as an octal)-.15 F .066(number; o\
therwise it is interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that acce\
-pted by)144 513.6 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144
-525.6 Q F2(mode)3.262 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.062 F .382
-(alue of the mask is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.382 E F
1<ad53>2.882 E F0 .382
+pted by)144 626.4 R F1 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144
+638.4 Q F1(mode)3.263 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.063 F .382
+(alue of the mask is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.382 E F
3<ad53>2.882 E F0 .382
(option causes the mask to be)2.882 F .547
-(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 537.6 R .547
+(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 650.4 R .547
(ault output is an octal number)-.1 F 5.547(.I)-.55 G 3.047(ft)-5.547 G
-(he)-3.047 E F1<ad70>3.047 E F0 .547(option is supplied, and)3.047 F F2
-(mode)144.38 549.6 Q F0 .551
-(is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.)3.231
-F .552(The return status is 0 if the)5.552 F(mode w)144 561.6 Q
-(as successfully changed or if no)-.1 E F2(mode)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E
-(gument w)-.18 E(as supplied, and f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F1
-(unalias)108 578.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0
-(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 590.4 Q 1.955 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(name)
+(he)-3.047 E F3<ad70>3.047 E F0 .547(option is supplied, and)3.047 F F1
+(mode)144.38 662.4 Q F0 .552
+(is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.)3.232
+F .551(The return status is 0 if the)5.551 F(mode w)144 674.4 Q
+(as successfully changed or if no)-.1 E F1(mode)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E
+(gument w)-.18 E(as supplied, and f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F3
+(unalias)108 691.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F3(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0
+(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 703.2 Q 1.955 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F1(name)
4.155 E F0 1.655(from the list of de\214ned aliases.)4.155 F(If)6.655 E
-F1<ad61>4.155 E F0 1.655(is supplied, all alias de\214nitions are)4.155
-F(remo)144 602.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E
-(alue is true unless a supplied)-.25 E F2(name)2.86 E F0
-(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F1(unset)108 619.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1
-(fv)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 631.2 S 3.106
-(re).15 G(ach)-3.106 E F2(name)3.106 E F0 3.106(,r).18 G(emo)-3.106 E
-.906 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .606(he corresponding v).15 F .607
-(ariable or function.)-.25 F .607(If no options are supplied, or the)
-5.607 F F1<ad76>144 643.2 Q F0 .305(option is gi)2.805 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-.305(n, each).15 F F2(name)3.165 E F0 .305(refers to a shell v)2.985 F
-2.805(ariable. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)2.805 G .304
-(riables may not be unset.).25 F(If)5.304 E F1<ad66>144 655.2 Q F0 .459
-(is speci\214ed, each)2.959 F F2(name)3.319 E F0 .459
-(refers to a shell function, and the function de\214nition is remo)3.139
-F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.96(d. Each).15 F .903(unset v)144 667.2 R .903
-(ariable or function is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.402(df).15 G .902
-(rom the en)-3.402 F .902(vironment passed to subsequent commands.)-.4 F
-(If)5.902 E(an)144 679.2 Q 6.915(yo)-.15 G(f)-6.915 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0
-SF(COMP_W)6.915 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3(RANDOM)
-6.665 E F4(,)A F3(SECONDS)6.665 E F4(,)A F3(LINENO)6.665 E F4(,)A F3
-(HISTCMD)6.666 E F4(,)A F3(FUNCN)6.666 E(AME)-.18 E F4(,)A F3(GR)144
-691.2 Q(OUPS)-.27 E F4(,)A F0(or)2.523 E F3(DIRST)2.773 E -.495(AC)-.81
-G(K).495 E F0 .272(are unset, the)2.522 F 2.772(yl)-.15 G .272
-(ose their special properties, e)-2.772 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.772(ni).15 G
-2.772(ft)-2.772 G(he)-2.772 E 2.772(ya)-.15 G .272(re subsequently)
--2.772 F 2.5(reset. The)144 703.2 R -.15(ex)2.5 G
-(it status is true unless a).15 E F2(name)2.86 E F0(is readonly)2.68 E
-(.)-.65 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(21)198.725 E 0 Cg
-EP
+F3<ad61>4.155 E F0 1.655(is supplied, all alias de\214nitions are)4.155
+F(remo)144 715.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E
+(alue is true unless a supplied)-.25 E F1(name)2.86 E F0
+(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)
+148.735 E(21)198.725 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 22 22
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
%%EndPageSetup
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-/Times-Bold@0 SF(wait)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF 2.5
-(n.)C(..)-2.5 E F0(])A -.8(Wa)144 96 S .288
+/Times-Bold@0 SF(unset)108 84 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(fv)A F0 2.5(][)C/F2 10
+/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 96 S 3.828(re)
+.15 G(ach)-3.828 E F2(name)3.828 E F0 3.828(,r).18 G(emo)-3.828 E 1.628
+-.15(ve t)-.15 H 1.328(he corresponding v).15 F 1.327
+(ariable or function.)-.25 F 1.327(If the)6.327 F F1<ad76>3.827 E F0
+1.327(option is gi)3.827 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.327(n, each).15 F F2(name)
+144.36 108 Q F0 1.55(refers to a shell v)4.23 F 1.551
+(ariable, and that v)-.25 F 1.551(ariable is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
+4.051(d. Read-only).15 F -.25(va)4.051 G 1.551(riables may not be).25 F
+4.642(unset. If)144 120 R F1<ad66>4.642 E F0 2.142(is speci\214ed, each)
+4.642 F F2(name)5.001 E F0 2.141
+(refers to a shell function, and the function de\214nition is)4.821 F
+(remo)144 132 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.898(d. If).15 F .398
+(no options are supplied, each)2.898 F F2(name)2.898 E F0 .398
+(refers to a v)2.898 F .399(ariable; if there is no v)-.25 F .399
+(ariable by that)-.25 F .579(name, an)144 144 R 3.079(yf)-.15 G .579
+(unction with that name is unset.)-3.079 F .579(Each unset v)5.579 F
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+(vironment passed to subsequent commands.)-.4 F .046(If an)5.046 F 2.546
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+(ONDS)144 168 Q F4(,)A F3(LINENO)2.641 E F4(,)A F3(HISTCMD)2.641 E F4(,)
+A F3(FUNCN)2.641 E(AME)-.18 E F4(,)A F3(GR)2.64 E(OUPS)-.27 E F4(,)A F0
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+-3.226 G(he)-3.226 E 3.226(ya)-.15 G .726(re subsequently reset.)-3.226
+F .726(The e)5.726 F .727(xit status is true unless a)-.15 F F2(name)
+3.587 E F0 .727(is read-)3.407 F(only)144 192 Q(.)-.65 E F1(wait)108
+208.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 2.5(n.)C(..)-2.5 E F0(])A -.8(Wa)144 220.8 S .288
(it for each speci\214ed process and return its termination status.).8 F
-(Each)5.288 E F2(n)3.148 E F0 .288(may be a process ID or a)3.028 F .722
-(job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 108 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .722
-(n, all processes in that job').15 F 3.222(sp)-.55 G .722(ipeline are w)
--3.222 F .722(aited for)-.1 F 5.722(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.722 E F2(n)3.582 E F0
-(is)3.462 E 1.265(not gi)144 120 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.265
-(n, all currently acti).15 F 1.565 -.15(ve c)-.25 H 1.265
-(hild processes are w).15 F 1.265(aited for)-.1 F 3.765(,a)-.4 G 1.266
-(nd the return status is zero.)-3.765 F(If)6.266 E F2(n)4.126 E F0 .457
-(speci\214es a non-e)144 132 R .457
+(Each)5.288 E F2(n)3.148 E F0 .287(may be a process ID or a)3.028 F .722
+(job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 232.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
+.722(n, all processes in that job').15 F 3.222(sp)-.55 G .722
+(ipeline are w)-3.222 F .722(aited for)-.1 F 5.722(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.722 E
+F2(n)3.583 E F0(is)3.463 E 1.266(not gi)144 244.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.266
+(n, all currently acti).15 F 1.566 -.15(ve c)-.25 H 1.265
+(hild processes are w).15 F 1.265(aited for)-.1 F 3.765(,a)-.4 G 1.265
+(nd the return status is zero.)-3.765 F(If)6.265 E F2(n)4.125 E F0 .456
+(speci\214es a non-e)144 256.8 R .457
(xistent process or job, the return status is 127.)-.15 F .457
-(Otherwise, the return status is the)5.457 F -.15(ex)144 144 S
+(Otherwise, the return status is the)5.457 F -.15(ex)144 268.8 S
(it status of the last process or job w).15 E(aited for)-.1 E(.)-.55 E
-/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SEE ALSO)72 160.8 Q F0(bash\(1\), sh\(1\))108
-172.8 Q(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(22)198.725 E 0 Cg EP
+/F5 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SEE ALSO)72 285.6 Q F0(bash\(1\), sh\(1\))108
+297.6 Q(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(22)198.725 E 0 Cg EP
%%Trailer
end
%%EOF
%!PS-Adobe-3.0
%%Creator: groff version 1.19.2
-%%CreationDate: Mon Apr 11 16:57:06 2011
+%%CreationDate: Fri Jul 8 17:23:38 2011
%%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Roman
%%+ font Times-Bold
%%DocumentSuppliedResources: procset grops 1.19 2
Copyright (C) 1988-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@end ignore
-@set LASTCHANGE Fri Jun 24 11:28:28 EDT 2011
+@set LASTCHANGE Thu Jul 7 07:34:57 EDT 2011
@set EDITION 4.2
@set VERSION 4.2
-@set UPDATED 24 June 2011
-@set UPDATED-MONTH June 2011
+@set UPDATED 7 July 2011
+@set UPDATED-MONTH July 2011
#include <config.h>
#endif
-#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
#include <unistd.h>
#endif
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
#include <termios.h> /* xxx - should make this more general */
#ifdef READLINE_LIBRARY
# include <readline/readline.h>
#endif
+#ifndef STDIN_FILENO
+# define STDIN_FILENO 0
+#endif
+
/* This little examples demonstrates the alternate interface to using readline.
* In the alternate interface, the user maintains control over program flow and
* only calls readline when STDIN is readable. Using the alternate interface,
{
if (rl_get_char (&c) == 0)
c = (*rl_getc_function) (rl_instream);
+/* fprintf(stderr, "rl_read_key: calling RL_CHECK_SIGNALS: _rl_caught_signal = %d", _rl_caught_signal); */
RL_CHECK_SIGNALS ();
}
}
int rl_byte_oriented = 1;
#endif
+/* Ditto */
+int _rl_utf8locale = 0;
+
/* **************************************************************** */
/* */
/* Multibyte Character Utility Functions */
static char *find_codeset PARAMS((char *, size_t *));
-int _rl_utf8locale = 0;
-
static char *_rl_get_locale_var PARAMS((const char *));
static char *
rl_signal_handler (sig)
int sig;
{
+#if 0
#if defined (SIGWINCH)
if (_rl_interrupt_immediately || (sig != SIGWINCH && RL_ISSTATE(RL_STATE_CALLBACK)))
#else
if (_rl_interrupt_immediately || RL_ISSTATE(RL_STATE_CALLBACK))
+#endif
+#else
+ if (_rl_interrupt_immediately)
#endif
{
_rl_interrupt_immediately = 0;
projects / thirdparty / bash.git / commitdiff
