-<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>DHCP Performance Guide</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="bind10-guide.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.76.1"><meta name="description" content="BIND 10 is a framework that features Domain Name System (DNS) suite and Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) servers with development managed by Internet Systems Consortium (ISC). This document describes various aspects of DHCP performance, measurements and tuning. It covers BIND 10 DHCP (codename Kea), existing ISC DHCP4 software, perfdhcp (a DHCP performance measurement tool) and other related topics."></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="book" title="DHCP Performance Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="id
m25594032"></a>DHCP Performance Guide</h1></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Tomasz</span> <span class="surname">Mrugalski</span></h3></div></div><div><p class="releaseinfo">This is a companion document for BIND 10 version
- 20120
405.</p></div><div><p class="copyright">Copyright © 2012 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")</p></div><div><div class="abstract" title="Abstract"><p class="title"><b>Abstract</b></p><p>BIND 10 is a framework that features Domain Name System
+<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>DHCP Performance Guide</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="bind10-guide.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.76.1"><meta name="description" content="BIND 10 is a framework that features Domain Name System (DNS) suite and Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) servers with development managed by Internet Systems Consortium (ISC). This document describes various aspects of DHCP performance, measurements and tuning. It covers BIND 10 DHCP (codename Kea), existing ISC DHCP4 software, perfdhcp (a DHCP performance measurement tool) and other related topics."></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="book" title="DHCP Performance Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="id
p61184"></a>DHCP Performance Guide</h1></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Tomasz</span> <span class="surname">Mrugalski</span></h3></div></div><div><p class="releaseinfo">This is a companion document for BIND 10 version
+ 20120
712.</p></div><div><p class="copyright">Copyright © 2012 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")</p></div><div><div class="abstract" title="Abstract"><p class="title"><b>Abstract</b></p><p>BIND 10 is a framework that features Domain Name System
(DNS) suite and Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
servers with development managed by Internet Systems Consortium (ISC).
This document describes various aspects of DHCP performance,
measurements and tuning. It covers BIND 10 DHCP (codename Kea),
existing ISC DHCP4 software, perfdhcp (a DHCP performance
- measurement tool) and other related topics.</p></div></div></div><hr></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><span class="preface"><a href="#idp
77088">Preface</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#acknowledgements">1. Acknowledgements</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#intro">1. Introduction</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#dhcp4">2. ISC DHCP 4.x</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#kea">3. Kea</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#idp85520">3.1. Backend performance evaluation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#mysql-backend">3.2. MySQL backend</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#idp109232">3.2.1. MySQL tweaks</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sqlite-ubench">3.3. SQLite-ubench</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sqlite-tweaks">3.3.1. SQLite tweaks</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#memfile-ubench">3.4. memfile-ubench</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#memfile-tweaks">3.4.1. memfile tweaks</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#idp130672">3.5. Performance measurements</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#idp205520">3.6. Possible further optimizations</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#perfdhcp">4. perfdhcp</a></span></dt></dl></div><div class="list-of-tables"><p><b>List of Tables</b></p><dl><dt>3.1. <a href="#idp133776">Synchronous results</a></dt><dt>3.2. <a href="#idp154848">Asynchronous results</a></dt><dt>3.3. <a href="#tbl-perf-results">Estimated performance</a></dt></dl></div><div class="preface" title="Preface"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="idp77088"></a>Preface</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#acknowledgements">1. Acknowledgements</a></span></dt></dl></div><div class="section" title="1. Acknowledgements"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="acknowledgements"></a>1. Acknowledgements</h2></div></div></div><p>ISC would like to acknowledge generous support for
+ measurement tool) and other related topics.</p></div></div></div><hr></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><span class="preface"><a href="#idp
67504">Preface</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#acknowledgements">1. Acknowledgements</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#intro">1. Introduction</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#dhcp4">2. ISC DHCP 4.x</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#kea">3. Kea</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#idp75568">3.1. Backend performance evaluation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#mysql-backend">3.2. MySQL backend</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#idp99824">3.2.1. MySQL tweaks</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sqlite-ubench">3.3. SQLite-ubench</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sqlite-tweaks">3.3.1. SQLite tweaks</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#memfile-ubench">3.4. memfile-ubench</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#memfile-tweaks">3.4.1. memfile tweaks</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#idp121776">3.5. Performance measurements</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#idp196720">3.6. Possible further optimizations</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#perfdhcp">4. perfdhcp</a></span></dt></dl></div><div class="list-of-tables"><p><b>List of Tables</b></p><dl><dt>3.1. <a href="#idp124880">Synchronous results</a></dt><dt>3.2. <a href="#idp145952">Asynchronous results</a></dt><dt>3.3. <a href="#tbl-perf-results">Estimated performance</a></dt></dl></div><div class="preface" title="Preface"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="idp67504"></a>Preface</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#acknowledgements">1. Acknowledgements</a></span></dt></dl></div><div class="section" title="1. Acknowledgements"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="acknowledgements"></a>1. Acknowledgements</h2></div></div></div><p>ISC would like to acknowledge generous support for
BIND 10 development of DHCPv4 and DHCPv6 components provided
by <a class="ulink" href="http://www.comcast.com/" target="_top">Comcast</a>.</p></div></div><div class="chapter" title="Chapter 1. Introduction"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="intro"></a>Chapter 1. Introduction</h2></div></div></div><p>
This document is in its early stages of development. It is
tools.
</p></div><div class="chapter" title="Chapter 2. ISC DHCP 4.x"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="dhcp4"></a>Chapter 2. ISC DHCP 4.x</h2></div></div></div><p>
TODO: Write something about ISC DHCP4 here.
- </p></div><div class="chapter" title="Chapter 3. Kea"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="kea"></a>Chapter 3. Kea</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#idp
85520">3.1. Backend performance evaluation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#mysql-backend">3.2. MySQL backend</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#idp109232">3.2.1. MySQL tweaks</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sqlite-ubench">3.3. SQLite-ubench</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sqlite-tweaks">3.3.1. SQLite tweaks</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#memfile-ubench">3.4. memfile-ubench</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#memfile-tweaks">3.4.1. memfile tweaks</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#idp130672">3.5. Performance measurements</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#idp205520">3.6. Possible further optimizations</a></span></dt></dl></div><p>
+ </p></div><div class="chapter" title="Chapter 3. Kea"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="kea"></a>Chapter 3. Kea</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#idp
75568">3.1. Backend performance evaluation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#mysql-backend">3.2. MySQL backend</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#idp99824">3.2.1. MySQL tweaks</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sqlite-ubench">3.3. SQLite-ubench</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sqlite-tweaks">3.3.1. SQLite tweaks</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#memfile-ubench">3.4. memfile-ubench</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#memfile-tweaks">3.4.1. memfile tweaks</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#idp121776">3.5. Performance measurements</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#idp196720">3.6. Possible further optimizations</a></span></dt></dl></div><p>
- </p><div class="section" title="3.1. Backend performance evaluation"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="idp
85520"></a>3.1. Backend performance evaluation</h2></div></div></div><p>
+ </p><div class="section" title="3.1. Backend performance evaluation"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="idp
75568"></a>3.1. Backend performance evaluation</h2></div></div></div><p>
Kea will support several different database backends, using
both popular databases (like MySQL or SQLite) and
custom-developed solutions (like in-memory database). BIND 10
-n integer - number of test repetitions (MySQL, SQLite and memfile)
-s yes|no - synchronous/asynchronous operation (MySQL, SQLite and memfile)
-v yes|no - verbose mode (MySQL, SQLite and memfile)
+ -c yes|no - should compiled statements be used (MySQL only)
</pre><p>
- </p><div class="section" title="3.2.1. MySQL tweaks"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="idp
109232"></a>3.2.1. MySQL tweaks</h3></div></div></div><p>One parameter that has huge impact on performance is a a backend engine.
+ </p><div class="section" title="3.2.1. MySQL tweaks"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="idp
99824"></a>3.2.1. MySQL tweaks</h3></div></div></div><p>One parameter that has huge impact on performance is a a backend engine.
You can get a list of engines of your MySQL implementation by using
</p><pre class="screen">> <strong class="userinput"><code>show engines;</code></strong></pre><p>
switches can be used. Currently supported parameters are
(default values specified in brackets):
</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p>-f filename - name of the database file ("sqlite.db")</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>-n num - number of iterations (100)</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>-s yes|no - should the operations be performend in synchronous (yes)
- or asynchronous (no) manner (yes)</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>-v yes|no - verbose mode. Should the test print out progress? (yes)</p></li></ol></div><p>
+ or asynchronous (no) manner (yes)</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>-v yes|no - verbose mode. Should the test print out progress? (yes)</p></li><
li class="listitem"><p>-c yes|no - compiled statements. Should the SQL statements be precompiled?</p></li></ol></div><p>
</p><p>SQLite can run in asynchronous or synchronous mode. This
mode can be controlled by using sync parameter. It is set
using (PRAGMA synchronous = ON or OFF).</p><p>Another tweakable feature is journal mode. It can be
</p><p>memfile can run in asynchronous or synchronous mode. This
mode can be controlled by using sync parameter. It uses
fflush() and fsync() in synchronous mode to make sure that
- data is not buffered and physically stored on disk.</p></div></div><div class="section" title="3.5. Performance measurements"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="idp1
30672"></a>3.5. Performance measurements</h2></div></div></div><p>This section contains sample results for backend performance measurements,
+ data is not buffered and physically stored on disk.</p></div></div><div class="section" title="3.5. Performance measurements"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="idp1
21776"></a>3.5. Performance measurements</h2></div></div></div><p>This section contains sample results for backend performance measurements,
taken using microbenchmarks. Tests were conducted on reasonably powerful machine:
</p><pre class="screen">
CPU: Quad-core Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-2600K CPU @ 3.40GHz (8 logical cores)
asynchronous. As those modes offer radically different
performances, synchronous mode was conducted for 1000 (one
thousand) repetitions and asynchronous mode was conducted for
- 100000 (hundred thousand) repetitions.</p><div class="table"><a name="idp1
33776"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 3.1. Synchronous results</b></p><div class="table-contents"><table summary="Synchronous results" border="1"><colgroup><col align="center" class="Backend"><col align="center" class="Num"><col align="center" class="Create"><col align="center" class="Search"><col align="center" class="Update"><col align="center" class="Delete"></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="center">Backend</th><th align="center">Operations</th><th align="center">Create</th><th align="center">Search</th><th align="center">Update</th><th align="center">Delete</th><th align="center">Average</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="center">MySQL</td><td align="center">1000</td><td align="center">31.603978s</td><td align="center"> 0.116612s</td><td align="center">27.964191s</td><td align="center">27.695209s</td><td align="center">21.844998s</td></tr><tr><td align="center">SQLite</td><td align="center">1000</td><td align="center">61.421356s</td><td align="center"> 0.033283s</td><td align="center">59.476638s</td><td align="center">56.034150s</td><td align="center">44.241357s</td></tr><tr><td align="center">memfile</td><td align="center">1000</td><td align="center">41.711886s</td><td align="center"> 0.000724s</td><td align="center">42.267578s</td><td align="center">42.169679s</td><td align="center">31.537467s</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><br class="table-break"><p>Following parameters were measured for asynchronous mode.
+ 100000 (hundred thousand) repetitions.</p><div class="table"><a name="idp1
24880"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 3.1. Synchronous results</b></p><div class="table-contents"><table summary="Synchronous results" border="1"><colgroup><col align="center" class="Backend"><col align="center" class="Num"><col align="center" class="Create"><col align="center" class="Search"><col align="center" class="Update"><col align="center" class="Delete"></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="center">Backend</th><th align="center">Operations</th><th align="center">Create</th><th align="center">Search</th><th align="center">Update</th><th align="center">Delete</th><th align="center">Average</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="center">MySQL</td><td align="center">1000</td><td align="center">31.603978s</td><td align="center"> 0.116612s</td><td align="center">27.964191s</td><td align="center">27.695209s</td><td align="center">21.844998s</td></tr><tr><td align="center">SQLite</td><td align="center">1000</td><td align="center">61.421356s</td><td align="center"> 0.033283s</td><td align="center">59.476638s</td><td align="center">56.034150s</td><td align="center">44.241357s</td></tr><tr><td align="center">memfile</td><td align="center">1000</td><td align="center">41.711886s</td><td align="center"> 0.000724s</td><td align="center">42.267578s</td><td align="center">42.169679s</td><td align="center">31.537467s</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><br class="table-break"><p>Following parameters were measured for asynchronous mode.
MySQL and SQLite were run with 100 thousand repetitions. Memfile
- was run for 1 million repetitions due to much larger performance.</p><div class="table"><a name="idp1
54848"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 3.2. Asynchronous results</b></p><div class="table-contents"><table summary="Asynchronous results" border="1"><colgroup><col align="center" class="Backend"><col align="center" class="Num"><col align="center" class="Create"><col align="center" class="Search"><col align="center" class="Update"><col align="center" class="Delete"></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="center">Backend</th><th align="center">Operations</th><th align="center">Create [s]</th><th align="center">Search [s]</th><th align="center">Update [s]</th><th align="center">Delete [s]</th><th align="center">Average [s]</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="center">MySQL</td><td align="center">100000</td><td align="center">10.584842s</td><td align="center">10.386402s</td><td align="center">10.062384s</td><td align="center"> 8.890197s</td><td align="center"> 9.980956s</td></tr><tr><td align="center">SQLite</td><td align="center">100000</td><td align="center"> 3.710356s</td><td align="center"> 3.159129s</td><td align="center"> 2.865354s</td><td align="center"> 2.439406s</td><td align="center"> 3.043561s</td></tr><tr><td align="center">memfile</td><td align="center">1000000 (sic!)</td><td align="center"> 6.084131s</td><td align="center"> 0.862667s</td><td align="center"> 6.018585s</td><td align="center"> 5.146704s</td><td align="center"> 4.528022s</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><br class="table-break"><p>Presented performance results can be computed into operations per second metrics.
+ was run for 1 million repetitions due to much larger performance.</p><div class="table"><a name="idp1
45952"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 3.2. Asynchronous results</b></p><div class="table-contents"><table summary="Asynchronous results" border="1"><colgroup><col align="center" class="Backend"><col align="center" class="Num"><col align="center" class="Create"><col align="center" class="Search"><col align="center" class="Update"><col align="center" class="Delete"></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="center">Backend</th><th align="center">Operations</th><th align="center">Create [s]</th><th align="center">Search [s]</th><th align="center">Update [s]</th><th align="center">Delete [s]</th><th align="center">Average [s]</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="center">MySQL</td><td align="center">100000</td><td align="center">10.584842s</td><td align="center">10.386402s</td><td align="center">10.062384s</td><td align="center"> 8.890197s</td><td align="center"> 9.980956s</td></tr><tr><td align="center">SQLite</td><td align="center">100000</td><td align="center"> 3.710356s</td><td align="center"> 3.159129s</td><td align="center"> 2.865354s</td><td align="center"> 2.439406s</td><td align="center"> 3.043561s</td></tr><tr><td align="center">memfile</td><td align="center">1000000 (sic!)</td><td align="center"> 6.084131s</td><td align="center"> 0.862667s</td><td align="center"> 6.018585s</td><td align="center"> 5.146704s</td><td align="center"> 4.528022s</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><br class="table-break"><p>Presented performance results can be computed into operations per second metrics.
It should be noted that due to large differences between various operations (sometime
over 3 orders of magnitude), it is difficult to create a simple, readable chart with
that data.</p><div class="table"><a name="tbl-perf-results"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 3.3. Estimated performance</b></p><div class="table-contents"><table summary="Estimated performance" border="1"><colgroup><col align="center" class="Backend"><col align="center" class="Create"><col align="center" class="Search"><col align="center" class="Update"><col align="center" class="Delete"><col align="center" class="Average"></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="center">Backend</th><th align="center">Create [oper/s]</th><th align="center">Search [oper/s]</th><th align="center">Update [oper/s]</th><th align="center">Delete [oper/s]</th><th align="center">Average [oper/s]</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="center">MySQL (async)</td><td align="center">9447.47</td><td align="center">9627.97</td><td align="center">9938.00</td><td align="center">11248.34</td><td align="center">10065.45</td></tr><tr><td align="center">SQLite (async)</td><td align="center">26951.59</td><td align="center">31654.29</td><td align="center">34899.70</td><td align="center">40993.59</td><td align="center">33624.79</td></tr><tr><td align="center">memfile (async)</td><td align="center">164362.01</td><td align="center">1159195.84</td><td align="center">166152.01</td><td align="center">194299.11</td><td align="center">421002.24</td></tr><tr><td align="center">MySQL (sync)</td><td align="center">31.64</td><td align="center">8575.45</td><td align="center">35.76</td><td align="center">36.11</td><td align="center">2169.74</td></tr><tr><td align="center">SQLite (sync)</td><td align="center">16.28</td><td align="center">20045.37</td><td align="center">16.81</td><td align="center">17.85</td><td align="center">7524.08</td></tr><tr><td align="center">memfile (sync)</td><td align="center">23.97</td><td align="center">1381215.47</td><td align="center">23.66</td><td align="center">23.71</td><td align="center">345321.70</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><br class="table-break"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="performance-results-graph1.png" alt="Performance measurements"><div class="caption"><p>Graphical representation of the performance results
- presented in table <a class="xref" href="#tbl-perf-results" title="Table 3.3. Estimated performance">Table 3.3, “Estimated performance”</a>.</p></div></div></div><div class="section" title="3.6. Possible further optimizations"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="idp
205520"></a>3.6. Possible further optimizations</h2></div></div></div><p>
+ presented in table <a class="xref" href="#tbl-perf-results" title="Table 3.3. Estimated performance">Table 3.3, “Estimated performance”</a>.</p></div></div></div><div class="section" title="3.6. Possible further optimizations"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="idp
196720"></a>3.6. Possible further optimizations</h2></div></div></div><p>
For debugging purposes the code was compiled with -g -O0
flags. While majority of the time was spent in backend
functions (that was probably compiled with -O2 flags), the
projects / thirdparty / kea.git / commitdiff
