self.assertTrue(stdout[2].endswith(err_line),
"Invalid traceback line: {0!r} instead of {1!r}".format(
stdout[2], err_line))
- actual_err_msg = stdout[3 if has_no_debug_ranges() else 4]
+ actual_err_msg = stdout[3]
self.assertTrue(actual_err_msg == err_msg,
"Invalid error message: {0!r} instead of {1!r}".format(
actual_err_msg, err_msg))
callable_line = get_exception.__code__.co_firstlineno + 2
def test_basic_caret(self):
+ # NOTE: In caret tests, "if True:" is used as a way to force indicator
+ # display, since the raising expression spans only part of the line.
def f():
- raise ValueError("basic caret tests")
+ if True: raise ValueError("basic caret tests")
lineno_f = f.__code__.co_firstlineno
expected_f = (
'Traceback (most recent call last):\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {self.callable_line}, in get_exception\n'
' callable()\n'
- ' ^^^^^^^^^^\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {lineno_f+1}, in f\n'
- ' raise ValueError("basic caret tests")\n'
- ' ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n'
+ ' if True: raise ValueError("basic caret tests")\n'
+ ' ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n'
)
result_lines = self.get_exception(f)
self.assertEqual(result_lines, expected_f.splitlines())
# Make sure that even if a line contains multi-byte unicode characters
# the correct carets are printed.
def f_with_unicode():
- raise ValueError("Ĥellö Wörld")
+ if True: raise ValueError("Ĥellö Wörld")
lineno_f = f_with_unicode.__code__.co_firstlineno
expected_f = (
'Traceback (most recent call last):\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {self.callable_line}, in get_exception\n'
' callable()\n'
- ' ^^^^^^^^^^\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {lineno_f+1}, in f_with_unicode\n'
- ' raise ValueError("Ĥellö Wörld")\n'
- ' ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n'
+ ' if True: raise ValueError("Ĥellö Wörld")\n'
+ ' ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n'
)
result_lines = self.get_exception(f_with_unicode)
self.assertEqual(result_lines, expected_f.splitlines())
'Traceback (most recent call last):\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {self.callable_line}, in get_exception\n'
' callable()\n'
- ' ^^^^^^^^^^\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {lineno_f+1}, in f_with_type\n'
' def foo(a: THIS_DOES_NOT_EXIST ) -> int:\n'
' ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n'
# Make sure no carets are printed for expressions spanning multiple
# lines.
def f_with_multiline():
- raise ValueError(
+ if True: raise ValueError(
"error over multiple lines"
)
'Traceback (most recent call last):\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {self.callable_line}, in get_exception\n'
' callable()\n'
- ' ^^^^^^^^^^\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {lineno_f+1}, in f_with_multiline\n'
- ' raise ValueError(\n'
- ' ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^'
+ ' if True: raise ValueError(\n'
+ ' ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^'
)
result_lines = self.get_exception(f_with_multiline)
self.assertEqual(result_lines, expected_f.splitlines())
'Traceback (most recent call last):\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {self.callable_line}, in get_exception\n'
' callable()\n'
- ' ^^^^^^^^^^\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {lineno_f+2}, in f_with_multiline\n'
' return compile(code, "?", "exec")\n'
' ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n'
# lines.
def f_with_multiline():
return (
- 1 /
- 0 +
- 2
+ 2 + 1 /
+ 0
)
lineno_f = f_with_multiline.__code__.co_firstlineno
'Traceback (most recent call last):\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {self.callable_line}, in get_exception\n'
' callable()\n'
- ' ^^^^^^^^^^\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {lineno_f+2}, in f_with_multiline\n'
- ' 1 /\n'
- ' ^^^'
+ ' 2 + 1 /\n'
+ ' ^^^'
)
result_lines = self.get_exception(f_with_multiline)
self.assertEqual(result_lines, expected_f.splitlines())
'Traceback (most recent call last):\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {self.callable_line}, in get_exception\n'
' callable()\n'
- ' ^^^^^^^^^^\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {lineno_f+2}, in f_with_binary_operator\n'
' return 10 + divisor / 0 + 30\n'
' ~~~~~~~~^~~\n'
'Traceback (most recent call last):\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {self.callable_line}, in get_exception\n'
' callable()\n'
- ' ^^^^^^^^^^\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {lineno_f+2}, in f_with_binary_operator\n'
' return 10 + divisor // 0 + 30\n'
' ~~~~~~~~^^~~\n'
'Traceback (most recent call last):\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {self.callable_line}, in get_exception\n'
' callable()\n'
- ' ^^^^^^^^^^\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {lineno_f+2}, in f_with_subscript\n'
" return some_dict['x']['y']['z']\n"
' ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^\n'
'Traceback (most recent call last):\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {self.callable_line}, in get_exception\n'
' callable()\n'
- ' ^^^^^^^^^^\n'
f' File "{TESTFN}", line {lineno_f}, in <module>\n'
" 1 $ 0 / 1 / 2\n"
' ^^^^^\n'
self.assertEqual(result_lines, expected_error.splitlines())
def test_traceback_very_long_line(self):
- source = "a" * 256
+ source = "if True: " + "a" * 256
bytecode = compile(source, TESTFN, "exec")
with open(TESTFN, "w") as file:
'Traceback (most recent call last):\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {self.callable_line}, in get_exception\n'
' callable()\n'
- ' ^^^^^^^^^^\n'
f' File "{TESTFN}", line {lineno_f}, in <module>\n'
f' {source}\n'
- f' {"^"*len(source)}\n'
+ f' {" "*len("if True: ") + "^"*256}\n'
)
self.assertEqual(result_lines, expected_error.splitlines())
+ def test_secondary_caret_not_elided(self):
+ # Always show a line's indicators if they include the secondary character.
+ def f_with_subscript():
+ some_dict = {'x': {'y': None}}
+ some_dict['x']['y']['z']
+
+ lineno_f = f_with_subscript.__code__.co_firstlineno
+ expected_error = (
+ 'Traceback (most recent call last):\n'
+ f' File "{__file__}", line {self.callable_line}, in get_exception\n'
+ ' callable()\n'
+ f' File "{__file__}", line {lineno_f+2}, in f_with_subscript\n'
+ " some_dict['x']['y']['z']\n"
+ ' ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^\n'
+ )
+ result_lines = self.get_exception(f_with_subscript)
+ self.assertEqual(result_lines, expected_error.splitlines())
+
+ def test_caret_exception_group(self):
+ # Notably, this covers whether indicators handle margin strings correctly.
+ # (Exception groups use margin strings to display vertical indicators.)
+ # The implementation must account for both "indent" and "margin" offsets.
+
+ def exc():
+ if True: raise ExceptionGroup("eg", [ValueError(1), TypeError(2)])
+
+ expected_error = (
+ f' + Exception Group Traceback (most recent call last):\n'
+ f' | File "{__file__}", line {self.callable_line}, in get_exception\n'
+ f' | callable()\n'
+ f' | File "{__file__}", line {exc.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1}, in exc\n'
+ f' | if True: raise ExceptionGroup("eg", [ValueError(1), TypeError(2)])\n'
+ f' | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n'
+ f' | ExceptionGroup: eg (2 sub-exceptions)\n'
+ f' +-+---------------- 1 ----------------\n'
+ f' | ValueError: 1\n'
+ f' +---------------- 2 ----------------\n'
+ f' | TypeError: 2\n')
+
+ result_lines = self.get_exception(exc)
+ self.assertEqual(result_lines, expected_error.splitlines())
+
def assertSpecialized(self, func, expected_specialization):
result_lines = self.get_exception(func)
specialization_line = result_lines[-1]
'Traceback (most recent call last):\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {self.callable_line}, in get_exception\n'
' callable()\n'
- ' ^^^^^^^^^^\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {lineno_applydescs + 1}, in applydecs\n'
' @dec_error\n'
' ^^^^^^^^^\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {lineno_dec_error + 1}, in dec_error\n'
' raise TypeError\n'
- ' ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n'
)
self.assertEqual(result_lines, expected_error.splitlines())
'Traceback (most recent call last):\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {self.callable_line}, in get_exception\n'
' callable()\n'
- ' ^^^^^^^^^^\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {lineno_applydescs_class + 1}, in applydecs_class\n'
' @dec_error\n'
' ^^^^^^^^^\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {lineno_dec_error + 1}, in dec_error\n'
' raise TypeError\n'
- ' ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n'
)
self.assertEqual(result_lines, expected_error.splitlines())
# Make sure that the traceback is properly indented.
tb_lines = python_fmt.splitlines()
banner = tb_lines[0]
- if has_no_debug_ranges():
- self.assertEqual(len(tb_lines), 5)
- location, source_line = tb_lines[-2], tb_lines[-1]
- else:
- self.assertEqual(len(tb_lines), 7)
- location, source_line = tb_lines[-3], tb_lines[-2]
+ self.assertEqual(len(tb_lines), 5)
+ location, source_line = tb_lines[-2], tb_lines[-1]
self.assertTrue(banner.startswith('Traceback'))
self.assertTrue(location.startswith(' File'))
self.assertTrue(source_line.startswith(' raise'))
'Traceback (most recent call last):\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {lineno_f+5}, in _check_recursive_traceback_display\n'
' f()\n'
- ' ^^^\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {lineno_f+1}, in f\n'
' f()\n'
- ' ^^^\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {lineno_f+1}, in f\n'
' f()\n'
- ' ^^^\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {lineno_f+1}, in f\n'
' f()\n'
- ' ^^^\n'
# XXX: The following line changes depending on whether the tests
# are run through the interactive interpreter or with -m
# It also varies depending on the platform (stack size)
' [Previous line repeated 7 more times]\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {lineno_g+3}, in g\n'
' raise ValueError\n'
- ' ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n'
'ValueError\n'
)
tb_line = (
'Traceback (most recent call last):\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {lineno_g+7}, in _check_recursive_traceback_display\n'
' g()\n'
- ' ^^^\n'
)
expected = (tb_line + result_g).splitlines()
actual = stderr_g.getvalue().splitlines()
'Traceback (most recent call last):\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {lineno_h+7}, in _check_recursive_traceback_display\n'
' h()\n'
- ' ^^^\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {lineno_h+2}, in h\n'
' return h(count-1)\n'
' ^^^^^^^^^^\n'
' [Previous line repeated 7 more times]\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {lineno_h+3}, in h\n'
' g()\n'
- ' ^^^\n'
)
expected = (result_h + result_g).splitlines()
actual = stderr_h.getvalue().splitlines()
' ^^^^^^^^^^\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {lineno_g+3}, in g\n'
' raise ValueError\n'
- ' ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n'
'ValueError\n'
)
tb_line = (
'Traceback (most recent call last):\n'
- f' File "{__file__}", line {lineno_g+81}, in _check_recursive_traceback_display\n'
+ f' File "{__file__}", line {lineno_g+77}, in _check_recursive_traceback_display\n'
' g(traceback._RECURSIVE_CUTOFF)\n'
- ' ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n'
)
expected = (tb_line + result_g).splitlines()
actual = stderr_g.getvalue().splitlines()
' [Previous line repeated 1 more time]\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {lineno_g+3}, in g\n'
' raise ValueError\n'
- ' ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n'
'ValueError\n'
)
tb_line = (
'Traceback (most recent call last):\n'
- f' File "{__file__}", line {lineno_g+114}, in _check_recursive_traceback_display\n'
+ f' File "{__file__}", line {lineno_g+108}, in _check_recursive_traceback_display\n'
' g(traceback._RECURSIVE_CUTOFF + 1)\n'
- ' ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n'
)
expected = (tb_line + result_g).splitlines()
actual = stderr_g.getvalue().splitlines()
exception_print(exc_val)
tb = stderr_f.getvalue().strip().splitlines()
- if has_no_debug_ranges():
- self.assertEqual(11, len(tb))
- self.assertEqual(context_message.strip(), tb[5])
- self.assertIn('UnhashableException: ex2', tb[3])
- self.assertIn('UnhashableException: ex1', tb[10])
- else:
- self.assertEqual(13, len(tb))
- self.assertEqual(context_message.strip(), tb[6])
- self.assertIn('UnhashableException: ex2', tb[4])
- self.assertIn('UnhashableException: ex1', tb[12])
+ self.assertEqual(11, len(tb))
+ self.assertEqual(context_message.strip(), tb[5])
+ self.assertIn('UnhashableException: ex2', tb[3])
+ self.assertIn('UnhashableException: ex1', tb[10])
def deep_eg(self):
e = TypeError(1)
except ZeroDivisionError as _:
e = _
lines = self.get_report(e).splitlines()
- if has_no_debug_ranges():
- self.assertEqual(len(lines), 4)
- self.assertTrue(lines[3].startswith('ZeroDivisionError'))
- else:
- self.assertEqual(len(lines), 5)
- self.assertTrue(lines[4].startswith('ZeroDivisionError'))
+ self.assertEqual(len(lines), 4)
+ self.assertTrue(lines[3].startswith('ZeroDivisionError'))
self.assertTrue(lines[0].startswith('Traceback'))
self.assertTrue(lines[1].startswith(' File'))
self.assertIn('ZeroDivisionError from None', lines[2])
f' + Exception Group Traceback (most recent call last):\n'
f' | File "{__file__}", line {self.callable_line}, in get_exception\n'
f' | exception_or_callable()\n'
- f' | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n'
f' | File "{__file__}", line {exc.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1}, in exc\n'
f' | raise ExceptionGroup("eg", [ValueError(1), TypeError(2)])\n'
- f' | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n'
f' | ExceptionGroup: eg (2 sub-exceptions)\n'
f' +-+---------------- 1 ----------------\n'
f' | ValueError: 1\n'
expected = (f' + Exception Group Traceback (most recent call last):\n'
f' | File "{__file__}", line {exc.__code__.co_firstlineno + 3}, in exc\n'
f' | raise EG("eg1", [ValueError(1), TypeError(2)])\n'
- f' | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n'
f' | ExceptionGroup: eg1 (2 sub-exceptions)\n'
f' +-+---------------- 1 ----------------\n'
f' | ValueError: 1\n'
f' + Exception Group Traceback (most recent call last):\n'
f' | File "{__file__}", line {self.callable_line}, in get_exception\n'
f' | exception_or_callable()\n'
- f' | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n'
f' | File "{__file__}", line {exc.__code__.co_firstlineno + 5}, in exc\n'
f' | raise EG("eg2", [ValueError(3), TypeError(4)]) from e\n'
- f' | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n'
f' | ExceptionGroup: eg2 (2 sub-exceptions)\n'
f' +-+---------------- 1 ----------------\n'
f' | ValueError: 3\n'
f' + Exception Group Traceback (most recent call last):\n'
f' | File "{__file__}", line {exc.__code__.co_firstlineno + 4}, in exc\n'
f' | raise EG("eg1", [ValueError(1), TypeError(2)])\n'
- f' | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n'
f' | ExceptionGroup: eg1 (2 sub-exceptions)\n'
f' +-+---------------- 1 ----------------\n'
f' | ValueError: 1\n'
f' + Exception Group Traceback (most recent call last):\n'
f' | File "{__file__}", line {exc.__code__.co_firstlineno + 6}, in exc\n'
f' | raise EG("eg2", [ValueError(3), TypeError(4)])\n'
- f' | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n'
f' | ExceptionGroup: eg2 (2 sub-exceptions)\n'
f' +-+---------------- 1 ----------------\n'
f' | ValueError: 3\n'
f'Traceback (most recent call last):\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {self.callable_line}, in get_exception\n'
f' exception_or_callable()\n'
- f' ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n'
f' File "{__file__}", line {exc.__code__.co_firstlineno + 8}, in exc\n'
f' raise ImportError(5)\n'
- f' ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n'
f'ImportError: 5\n')
report = self.get_report(exc)
expected = (f' + Exception Group Traceback (most recent call last):\n'
f' | File "{__file__}", line {exc.__code__.co_firstlineno + 9}, in exc\n'
f' | raise EG("eg", [VE(1), exc, VE(4)])\n'
- f' | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n'
f' | ExceptionGroup: eg (3 sub-exceptions)\n'
f' +-+---------------- 1 ----------------\n'
f' | ValueError: 1\n'
f' | Exception Group Traceback (most recent call last):\n'
f' | File "{__file__}", line {exc.__code__.co_firstlineno + 6}, in exc\n'
f' | raise EG("nested", [TE(2), TE(3)])\n'
- f' | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n'
f' | ExceptionGroup: nested (2 sub-exceptions)\n'
f' +-+---------------- 1 ----------------\n'
f' | TypeError: 2\n'
f' + Exception Group Traceback (most recent call last):\n'
f' | File "{__file__}", line {self.callable_line}, in get_exception\n'
f' | exception_or_callable()\n'
- f' | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n'
f' | File "{__file__}", line {exc.__code__.co_firstlineno + 11}, in exc\n'
f' | raise EG("top", [VE(5)])\n'
- f' | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n'
f' | ExceptionGroup: top (1 sub-exception)\n'
f' +-+---------------- 1 ----------------\n'
f' | ValueError: 5\n'
expected = (f' + Exception Group Traceback (most recent call last):\n'
f' | File "{__file__}", line {self.callable_line}, in get_exception\n'
f' | exception_or_callable()\n'
- f' | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n'
f' | File "{__file__}", line {exc.__code__.co_firstlineno + 9}, in exc\n'
f' | raise ExceptionGroup("nested", excs)\n'
- f' | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n'
f' | ExceptionGroup: nested (2 sub-exceptions)\n'
f' | >> Multi line note\n'
f' | >> Because I am such\n'
f' | Traceback (most recent call last):\n'
f' | File "{__file__}", line {exc.__code__.co_firstlineno + 5}, in exc\n'
f' | raise ValueError(msg)\n'
- f' | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n'
f' | ValueError: bad value\n'
f' | the bad value\n'
f' +---------------- 2 ----------------\n'
f' | Traceback (most recent call last):\n'
f' | File "{__file__}", line {exc.__code__.co_firstlineno + 5}, in exc\n'
f' | raise ValueError(msg)\n'
- f' | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n'
f' | ValueError: terrible value\n'
f' | the terrible value\n'
f' +------------------------------------\n')
expected = (f' + Exception Group Traceback (most recent call last):\n'
f' | File "{__file__}", line {self.callable_line}, in get_exception\n'
f' | exception_or_callable()\n'
- f' | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n'
f' | File "{__file__}", line {exc.__code__.co_firstlineno + 10}, in exc\n'
f' | raise ExceptionGroup("nested", excs)\n'
- f' | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n'
f' | ExceptionGroup: nested (2 sub-exceptions)\n'
f' | >> Multi line note\n'
f' | >> Because I am such\n'
f' | Traceback (most recent call last):\n'
f' | File "{__file__}", line {exc.__code__.co_firstlineno + 5}, in exc\n'
f' | raise ValueError(msg)\n'
- f' | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n'
f' | ValueError: bad value\n'
f' | the bad value\n'
f' | Goodbye bad value\n'
f' | Traceback (most recent call last):\n'
f' | File "{__file__}", line {exc.__code__.co_firstlineno + 5}, in exc\n'
f' | raise ValueError(msg)\n'
- f' | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n'
f' | ValueError: terrible value\n'
f' | the terrible value\n'
f' | Goodbye terrible value\n'
f' + Exception Group Traceback (most recent call last):',
f' | File "{__file__}", line {lno_g+23}, in _get_exception_group',
f' | raise ExceptionGroup("eg2", [exc3, exc4])',
- f' | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^',
f' | ExceptionGroup: eg2 (2 sub-exceptions)',
f' +-+---------------- 1 ----------------',
f' | Exception Group Traceback (most recent call last):',
f' | File "{__file__}", line {lno_g+16}, in _get_exception_group',
f' | raise ExceptionGroup("eg1", [exc1, exc2])',
- f' | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^',
f' | ExceptionGroup: eg1 (2 sub-exceptions)',
f' +-+---------------- 1 ----------------',
f' | Traceback (most recent call last):',
f' | File "{__file__}", line {lno_g+9}, in _get_exception_group',
f' | f()',
- f' | ^^^',
f' | File "{__file__}", line {lno_f+1}, in f',
f' | 1/0',
f' | ~^~',
f' | Traceback (most recent call last):',
f' | File "{__file__}", line {lno_g+13}, in _get_exception_group',
f' | g(42)',
- f' | ^^^^^',
f' | File "{__file__}", line {lno_g+1}, in g',
f' | raise ValueError(v)',
- f' | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^',
f' | ValueError: 42',
f' +------------------------------------',
f' +---------------- 2 ----------------',
f' | Traceback (most recent call last):',
f' | File "{__file__}", line {lno_g+20}, in _get_exception_group',
f' | g(24)',
- f' | ^^^^^',
f' | File "{__file__}", line {lno_g+1}, in g',
f' | raise ValueError(v)',
- f' | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^',
f' | ValueError: 24',
f' +------------------------------------',
f'']