--- /dev/null
+PYTHON RELEASE NOTES FOR THE MACINTOSH
+
+VERSION 1.0.2
+
+For the most part, Python on the Mac works just like Python under UNIX.
+The most important differences are:
+
+- Since there is no shell environment on the Mac, the start-up file
+ has a fixed name: PythonStartup. If a file by this name exists
+ (either in the current folder or in the system folder) it is executed
+ when an interactive interpreter is started.
+
+- The default search path for modules is different: first the current
+ directory is searched, then the subdirectories 'lib', 'lib:stdwin'\ 4\ 4\ 4\ 4 and
+ 'demo'. As always, you can change this (e.g. in your PythonStartup
+ file) by assigning or appending to sys.path -- use Macintosh pathnames!
+ (The default contains no absolute paths because these are unlikely
+ to make sense on other people's hard disks.)
+
+- The user interface for typing interactive commands is different.
+ This is actually the THINK C console I/O module, which is based on
+ the Mac toolbox TextEdit. A standard Edit menu provides Cut, Copy,
+ Paste and Clear (Undo is only there for Desk Accessories). A minimal
+ File menu provides Quit, which immediately exits the application,
+ without the usual cleanup. You can Copy from previous output,
+ but you can't scroll back beyond the 24x80 screen. The TAB key
+ always brings you to the end of the current input line; indentation
+ must be entered with spaces (a single space is enough).
+ End-of-file is generated by Command-D; Command-Period interrupts.
+ There is an annoying limit in the length of an input line to a single
+ screen line (less the prompt). Use \ to input long statements.
+ Change your program if it requires long lines typed on input.
+ Even though there is no resize box, the window can be resized by
+ dragging its bottom right corner, but the maximum size is 24x80.
+
+- Tabs in module files are interpreted as 4 (four!) spaces. This is
+ consistent with most Mac editors that I know. For individual files
+ you can change the tab size with a comment like
+
+ # vi:set tabsize=8:
+
+ (exactly as shown here, including the colons!). If you are consistent
+ in always using tabs for indentation on UNIX, your files will be
+ parsed correctly on the Mac, although they may look funny if you
+ have nicely lined-up comments or tables using tabs. Never using tabs
+ also works. Mixing tabs and spaces to simulate 4-character indentation
+ levels is likely to fail.
+
+- You can start a script from the Finder by selecting the script and
+ the Python interpreter together and then double clicking. If you
+ make the owner of the script PYTH (the type should always be TEXT)
+ Python will be launched if you double click it!
+ There is no way to pass command line arguments to Python scripts.
+
+- The set of built-in modules is different:
+
+ = Operating system functions for the 'os' module is provided by the
+ built-in module 'mac', not 'posix'. This doesn't have all the
+ functions from posix, for obvious reasons (if you know the Mac
+ O/S a little bit). The functions in os.path are provided by
+ macpath, they know about Mac pathnames etc.
+
+ = None of the UNIX specific modules ('socket', 'pwd', 'grp' etc.)
+ exists.
+
+ = Module 'stdwin' is always available. It uses the Mac version of
+ STDWIN, which interfaces directly with the Mac toolbox. The most
+ important difference is in the font names; setfont() has a second
+ argument specifying the point size and an optional third one
+ specifying the variation: a single letter character string,
+ 'i' for italics, 'b' for bold. Note that when STDWIN is waiting
+ for events, the standard File and Edit menus are inactive but
+ still visible, and (most annoyingly) the Apple menu is also inactive;
+ conversely, menus put up by STDWIN are not active when the Python is
+ reading from the keyboard. If you open Python together with a text
+ file containing a Python script, the script will be executed and
+ a console window is only generated when the script uses standard
+ input or output. A script that uses STDWIN exclusively for its I/O
+ will have a working Apple menu and no extraneous File/Edit menus.
+ (This is because both stdwin and stdio try to initialize the
+ windowing environment; whoever gets there first owns the Apple menu.)
+ LIMITATIONS: a few recent additions to STDWIN for X11 have not yet
+ been added to the Mac version. There are no bitmap objects, and
+ the setwinpos() and setwinsize() methods are non--functional.
+
+- Because launching an application on the Mac is so tedious, you will
+ want to edit your program with a desk accessory editor (e.g., Sigma
+ edit) and test the changed version without leaving Python. This is
+ possible but requires some care. Make sure the program is a module
+ file (filename must be a Python identifier followed by '.py'). You
+ can then import it when you test it for the first time. There are
+ now three possibilities: it contains a syntax error; it gets a runtime
+ error (unhandled exception); or it runs OK but gives wrong results.
+ (If it gives correct results, you are done testing and don't need
+ to read the rest of this paragraph. :-) Note that the following
+ is not Mac-specific -- it's just that on UNIX it's easier to restart
+ the entire script so it's rarely useful.
+
+ Recovery from a syntax error is easy: edit the file and import it
+ again.
+
+ Recovery from wrong output is almost as easy: edit the file and,
+ instead of importing it, call the function reload() with the module
+ name as argument (e.g., if your module is called foo, type
+ "reload(foo)").
+
+ Recovery from an exception is trickier. Once the syntax is correct,
+ a 'module' entry is placed in an internal table, and following import
+ statements will not re-read the file, even if the module's initialization
+ terminated with an error (one reason why this is done is so that
+ mutually recursive modules are initialized only once). You must
+ therefore force re-reading the module with reload(), however, if this
+ happens the first time you try to import the module, the import statement
+ itself has not completed, and your workspace does not know the module
+ name (even though the internal table of moduesl does!). The trick is
+ to first import the module again, then reload it. For instance,
+ "import foo; reload(foo)". Because the module object already exists
+ internally, the import statement does not attempt to execute the
+ module again -- it just places it in your workspace.
+
+ When you edit a module you don't have to worry about the corresponding
+ '.pyc' file (a "compiled" version of the module, which loads much faster
+ than the textual version): the interpreter notices that the '.py' file
+ has changed (because its modification time has changed) and ignores the
+ '.pyc' file. When parsing is successful, a new '.pyc' file is written;
+ if this fails (no write permission, disk full or whatever) it is
+ silently skipped but attempted again the next time the same module
+ is loaded. (Thus, if you plan to place a Python library on a read-only
+ disk, it is advisable to "warm the cache" by making the disk writable
+ and importing all modules once. The standard module 'importall' helps
+ in doing this.)
--- /dev/null
+PYTHON RELEASE NOTES FOR THE MACINTOSH
+
+VERSION 1.0.2
+
+For the most part, Python on the Mac works just like Python under UNIX.
+The most important differences are:
+
+- Since there is no shell environment on the Mac, the start-up file
+ has a fixed name: PythonStartup. If a file by this name exists
+ (either in the current folder or in the system folder) it is executed
+ when an interactive interpreter is started.
+
+- The default search path for modules is different: first the current
+ directory is searched, then the subdirectories 'lib', 'lib:stdwin'\ 4\ 4\ 4\ 4 and
+ 'demo'. As always, you can change this (e.g. in your PythonStartup
+ file) by assigning or appending to sys.path -- use Macintosh pathnames!
+ (The default contains no absolute paths because these are unlikely
+ to make sense on other people's hard disks.)
+
+- The user interface for typing interactive commands is different.
+ This is actually the THINK C console I/O module, which is based on
+ the Mac toolbox TextEdit. A standard Edit menu provides Cut, Copy,
+ Paste and Clear (Undo is only there for Desk Accessories). A minimal
+ File menu provides Quit, which immediately exits the application,
+ without the usual cleanup. You can Copy from previous output,
+ but you can't scroll back beyond the 24x80 screen. The TAB key
+ always brings you to the end of the current input line; indentation
+ must be entered with spaces (a single space is enough).
+ End-of-file is generated by Command-D; Command-Period interrupts.
+ There is an annoying limit in the length of an input line to a single
+ screen line (less the prompt). Use \ to input long statements.
+ Change your program if it requires long lines typed on input.
+ Even though there is no resize box, the window can be resized by
+ dragging its bottom right corner, but the maximum size is 24x80.
+
+- Tabs in module files are interpreted as 4 (four!) spaces. This is
+ consistent with most Mac editors that I know. For individual files
+ you can change the tab size with a comment like
+
+ # vi:set tabsize=8:
+
+ (exactly as shown here, including the colons!). If you are consistent
+ in always using tabs for indentation on UNIX, your files will be
+ parsed correctly on the Mac, although they may look funny if you
+ have nicely lined-up comments or tables using tabs. Never using tabs
+ also works. Mixing tabs and spaces to simulate 4-character indentation
+ levels is likely to fail.
+
+- You can start a script from the Finder by selecting the script and
+ the Python interpreter together and then double clicking. If you
+ make the owner of the script PYTH (the type should always be TEXT)
+ Python will be launched if you double click it!
+ There is no way to pass command line arguments to Python scripts.
+
+- The set of built-in modules is different:
+
+ = Operating system functions for the 'os' module is provided by the
+ built-in module 'mac', not 'posix'. This doesn't have all the
+ functions from posix, for obvious reasons (if you know the Mac
+ O/S a little bit). The functions in os.path are provided by
+ macpath, they know about Mac pathnames etc.
+
+ = None of the UNIX specific modules ('socket', 'pwd', 'grp' etc.)
+ exists.
+
+ = Module 'stdwin' is always available. It uses the Mac version of
+ STDWIN, which interfaces directly with the Mac toolbox. The most
+ important difference is in the font names; setfont() has a second
+ argument specifying the point size and an optional third one
+ specifying the variation: a single letter character string,
+ 'i' for italics, 'b' for bold. Note that when STDWIN is waiting
+ for events, the standard File and Edit menus are inactive but
+ still visible, and (most annoyingly) the Apple menu is also inactive;
+ conversely, menus put up by STDWIN are not active when the Python is
+ reading from the keyboard. If you open Python together with a text
+ file containing a Python script, the script will be executed and
+ a console window is only generated when the script uses standard
+ input or output. A script that uses STDWIN exclusively for its I/O
+ will have a working Apple menu and no extraneous File/Edit menus.
+ (This is because both stdwin and stdio try to initialize the
+ windowing environment; whoever gets there first owns the Apple menu.)
+ LIMITATIONS: a few recent additions to STDWIN for X11 have not yet
+ been added to the Mac version. There are no bitmap objects, and
+ the setwinpos() and setwinsize() methods are non--functional.
+
+- Because launching an application on the Mac is so tedious, you will
+ want to edit your program with a desk accessory editor (e.g., Sigma
+ edit) and test the changed version without leaving Python. This is
+ possible but requires some care. Make sure the program is a module
+ file (filename must be a Python identifier followed by '.py'). You
+ can then import it when you test it for the first time. There are
+ now three possibilities: it contains a syntax error; it gets a runtime
+ error (unhandled exception); or it runs OK but gives wrong results.
+ (If it gives correct results, you are done testing and don't need
+ to read the rest of this paragraph. :-) Note that the following
+ is not Mac-specific -- it's just that on UNIX it's easier to restart
+ the entire script so it's rarely useful.
+
+ Recovery from a syntax error is easy: edit the file and import it
+ again.
+
+ Recovery from wrong output is almost as easy: edit the file and,
+ instead of importing it, call the function reload() with the module
+ name as argument (e.g., if your module is called foo, type
+ "reload(foo)").
+
+ Recovery from an exception is trickier. Once the syntax is correct,
+ a 'module' entry is placed in an internal table, and following import
+ statements will not re-read the file, even if the module's initialization
+ terminated with an error (one reason why this is done is so that
+ mutually recursive modules are initialized only once). You must
+ therefore force re-reading the module with reload(), however, if this
+ happens the first time you try to import the module, the import statement
+ itself has not completed, and your workspace does not know the module
+ name (even though the internal table of moduesl does!). The trick is
+ to first import the module again, then reload it. For instance,
+ "import foo; reload(foo)". Because the module object already exists
+ internally, the import statement does not attempt to execute the
+ module again -- it just places it in your workspace.
+
+ When you edit a module you don't have to worry about the corresponding
+ '.pyc' file (a "compiled" version of the module, which loads much faster
+ than the textual version): the interpreter notices that the '.py' file
+ has changed (because its modification time has changed) and ignores the
+ '.pyc' file. When parsing is successful, a new '.pyc' file is written;
+ if this fails (no write permission, disk full or whatever) it is
+ silently skipped but attempted again the next time the same module
+ is loaded. (Thus, if you plan to place a Python library on a read-only
+ disk, it is advisable to "warm the cache" by making the disk writable
+ and importing all modules once. The standard module 'importall' helps
+ in doing this.)
--- /dev/null
+
+/*
+ * fopenRF.c -- Clone of fopen.c to open Mac resource forks.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 1989 Symantec Corporation. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "stdio.h"
+#include "errno.h"
+#include "string.h"
+#include "ansi_private.h"
+
+FILE *fopenRF(char *, char *);
+FILE *freopenRF(char *, char *, FILE *);
+FILE *__openRF(char *, int, int, FILE *);
+
+#include <Files.h>
+
+#define fcbVPtr(fcb) (* (VCB **) (fcb + 20))
+#define fcbDirID(fcb) (* (long *) (fcb + 58))
+#define fcbCName(fcb) (fcb + 62)
+
+static void setfiletype(StringPtr, int);
+static void stdio_exit(void);
+static int fileio(FILE *, int);
+static int close(FILE *);
+static void replace(unsigned char *, size_t, int, int);
+
+
+FILE *
+fopenRF(filename, mode)
+char *filename, *mode;
+{
+ return(freopenRF(filename, mode, __getfile()));
+}
+
+
+FILE *
+freopenRF(filename, mode, fp)
+char *filename;
+register char *mode;
+register FILE *fp;
+{
+ int omode, oflag;
+
+ /* interpret "rwa" */
+
+ if (mode[0] == 'r') {
+ omode = fsRdPerm;
+ oflag = 0;
+ }
+ else if (mode[0] == 'w') {
+ omode = fsWrPerm;
+ oflag = F_CREAT+F_TRUNC;
+ }
+ else if (mode[0] == 'a') {
+ omode = fsWrPerm;
+ oflag = F_CREAT+F_APPEND;
+ }
+ else {
+ errno = EINVAL;
+ return(NULL);
+ }
+
+ /* interpret "b+" */
+
+ if (mode[1] == 'b') {
+ oflag |= F_BINARY;
+ if (mode[2] == '+')
+ omode = fsRdWrPerm;
+ }
+ else if (mode[1] == '+') {
+ omode = fsRdWrPerm;
+ if (mode[2] == 'b')
+ oflag |= F_BINARY;
+ }
+
+ /* open the file */
+
+ return(__openRF(filename, omode, oflag, fp));
+}
+
+
+FILE *
+__openRF(filename, omode, oflag, fp)
+char *filename;
+int omode, oflag;
+register FILE *fp;
+{
+ ioParam pb;
+ char pname[FILENAME_MAX];
+
+ if (fp == NULL)
+ return(NULL);
+ fclose(fp);
+
+ /* set up pb */
+
+ pb.ioNamePtr = __c2p(filename, pname);
+ pb.ioVRefNum = 0;
+ pb.ioVersNum = 0;
+ pb.ioPermssn = omode;
+ pb.ioMisc = 0;
+
+ /* create file */
+
+ if (oflag & F_CREAT) {
+ asm {
+ lea pb,a0
+ _PBCreate
+ }
+ if (pb.ioResult == noErr)
+ oflag &= ~F_TRUNC;
+ else if (pb.ioResult == dupFNErr && !(oflag & F_EXCL))
+ oflag &= ~F_CREAT;
+ else {
+ errno = pb.ioResult;
+ return(NULL);
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* open resource file */
+
+ asm {
+ lea pb,a0
+ _PBOpenRF
+ }
+ if (pb.ioResult) {
+ errno = pb.ioResult;
+ if (oflag & F_CREAT) asm {
+ lea pb,a0
+ _PBDelete
+ }
+ return(NULL);
+ }
+ fp->refnum = pb.ioRefNum;
+
+ /* get/set file length */
+
+ if (oflag & F_TRUNC) asm {
+ lea pb,a0
+ _PBSetEOF
+ }
+ else if (!(oflag & F_CREAT)) asm {
+ lea pb,a0
+ _PBGetEOF
+ }
+ fp->len = (fpos_t) pb.ioMisc;
+
+ /* initialize rest of FILE structure */
+
+ if (oflag & F_APPEND) {
+ fp->append = 1;
+ fp->pos = fp->len;
+ }
+ if (oflag & F_BINARY)
+ fp->binary = 1;
+ setvbuf(fp, NULL, _IOFBF, BUFSIZ);
+ fp->proc = fileio;
+
+ /* set file type */
+
+ if (oflag & (F_CREAT|F_TRUNC))
+ setfiletype(pb.ioNamePtr, oflag);
+
+ /* done */
+
+ __atexit_stdio(stdio_exit);
+ return(fp);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * setfiletype - set type/creator of new file
+ *
+ */
+
+static void
+setfiletype(name, oflag)
+StringPtr name;
+int oflag;
+{
+ fileParam pb;
+
+ pb.ioNamePtr = name;
+ pb.ioVRefNum = 0;
+ pb.ioFVersNum = 0;
+ pb.ioFDirIndex = 0;
+ asm {
+ lea pb,a0
+ _PBGetFInfo
+ bmi.s @1
+ }
+ pb.ioFlFndrInfo.fdType = pb.ioFlFndrInfo.fdCreator = '????';
+ if (!(oflag & F_BINARY))
+ pb.ioFlFndrInfo.fdType = 'TEXT';
+ asm {
+ lea pb,a0
+ _PBSetFInfo
+@1 }
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * stdio_exit - stdio shutdown routine
+ *
+ */
+
+static void
+stdio_exit()
+{
+ register FILE *fp;
+ int n;
+
+ for (fp = &__file[0], n = FOPEN_MAX; n--; fp++)
+ fclose(fp);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * fileio - I/O handler proc for files and devices
+ *
+ */
+
+static int
+fileio(fp, i)
+register FILE *fp;
+int i;
+{
+ ioParam pb;
+
+ pb.ioRefNum = fp->refnum;
+ switch (i) {
+
+ /* read */
+
+ case 0:
+ pb.ioBuffer = (Ptr) fp->ptr;
+ pb.ioReqCount = fp->cnt;
+ pb.ioPosMode = fp->refnum > 0 ? fsFromStart : fsAtMark;
+ pb.ioPosOffset = fp->pos - fp->cnt;
+ asm {
+ lea pb,a0
+ _PBRead
+ }
+ if (pb.ioResult == eofErr) {
+ fp->pos = pb.ioPosOffset;
+ if (fp->cnt = pb.ioActCount)
+ pb.ioResult = 0;
+ else {
+ fp->eof = 1;
+ return(EOF);
+ }
+ }
+ if (pb.ioResult) {
+ fp->pos -= fp->cnt;
+ fp->cnt = 0;
+ }
+ else if (!fp->binary)
+ replace(fp->ptr, fp->cnt, '\r', '\n');
+ break;
+
+ /* write */
+
+ case 1:
+ pb.ioBuffer = (Ptr) fp->ptr;
+ pb.ioReqCount = fp->cnt;
+ pb.ioPosMode = fp->refnum > 0 ? fsFromStart : fsAtMark;
+ if ((pb.ioPosOffset = fp->pos - fp->cnt) > fp->len) {
+ pb.ioMisc = (Ptr) pb.ioPosOffset;
+ asm {
+ lea pb,a0
+ _PBSetEOF
+ bmi.s @1
+ }
+ }
+ if (!fp->binary)
+ replace(fp->ptr, fp->cnt, '\n', '\r');
+ asm {
+ lea pb,a0
+ _PBWrite
+@1 }
+ if (pb.ioResult) {
+ fp->pos -= fp->cnt;
+ fp->cnt = 0;
+ }
+ else if (pb.ioPosOffset > fp->len)
+ fp->len = pb.ioPosOffset;
+ break;
+
+ /* close */
+
+ case 2:
+ pb.ioResult = close(fp);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ /* done */
+
+ if (pb.ioResult) {
+ fp->err = 1;
+ errno = pb.ioResult;
+ return(EOF);
+ }
+ return(0);
+}
+
+
+static int
+close(fp)
+register FILE *fp;
+{
+ HFileParam pb;
+ Str255 buf;
+ register char *fcb = FCBSPtr + fp->refnum;
+ VCB *vcb = fcbVPtr(fcb);
+ register char *s;
+
+ pb.ioNamePtr = buf;
+ pb.ioFRefNum = fp->refnum;
+ pb.ioVRefNum = vcb->vcbVRefNum;
+ pb.ioFVersNum = 0;
+
+ /* close temporary file - HFS */
+
+ if (fp->delete && vcb->vcbSigWord == 0x4244) {
+ pb.ioDirID = fcbDirID(fcb);
+ s = fcbCName(fcb);
+ asm {
+ lea buf,a0
+ moveq #0,d0
+ move.b (s),d0
+@1 move.b (s)+,(a0)+
+ dbra d0,@1
+ lea pb,a0
+ _PBClose
+ bmi.s @9
+ _PBHDelete
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* close temporary file - MFS */
+
+ else if (fp->delete && vcb->vcbSigWord == 0xD2D7) {
+ pb.ioFDirIndex = 1;
+ do asm {
+ lea pb,a0
+ _PBGetFInfo
+ bmi.s @2
+ addq.w #1,pb.ioFDirIndex
+ } while (pb.ioFRefNum != fp->refnum);
+ asm {
+ lea pb,a0
+ _PBClose
+ bmi.s @9
+ _PBDelete
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* normal case - just close file */
+
+ else {
+ asm {
+@2 lea pb,a0
+ _PBClose
+ bmi.s @9
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* flush volume buffer */
+
+ pb.ioNamePtr = 0;
+ asm {
+ lea pb,a0
+ _PBFlshVol
+@9 }
+ return(pb.ioResult);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * replace - routine for doing CR/LF conversion
+ *
+ */
+
+static void
+replace(s, n, c1, c2)
+register unsigned char *s;
+register size_t n;
+register int c1, c2;
+{
+ register unsigned char *t;
+
+ for (; n && (t = memchr(s, c1, n)); s = t) {
+ *t++ = c2;
+ n -= t - s;
+ }
+}
--- /dev/null
+#! /usr/local/bin/python
+
+import sys
+import os
+import string
+
+def main():
+ args = sys.argv[1:]
+ if not args:
+ print 'no files'
+ sys.exit(1)
+ for file in args:
+ print file, '...'
+ data = open(file, 'r').read()
+ lines = string.splitfields(data, '\r')
+ newdata = string.joinfields(lines, '\n')
+ if newdata != data:
+ print 'rewriting...'
+ os.rename(file, file + '~')
+ open(file, 'w').write(newdata)
+ print 'done.'
+ else:
+ print 'no change.'
+
+main()
projects / thirdparty / Python / cpython.git / commitdiff
