--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * QTest for Intel IOMMU (VT-d) with iommu-testdev
+ *
+ * This QTest file is used to test the Intel IOMMU with iommu-testdev so that
+ * we can test VT-d without any guest kernel or firmware.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 Fengyuan Yu <15fengyuan@gmail.com>
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+ */
+
+#include "qemu/osdep.h"
+#include "libqtest.h"
+#include "libqos/pci.h"
+#include "libqos/pci-pc.h"
+#include "hw/i386/intel_iommu_internal.h"
+#include "hw/misc/iommu-testdev.h"
+#include "libqos/qos-intel-iommu.h"
+
+#define DMA_LEN 4
+
+static uint64_t intel_iommu_expected_gpa(uint64_t iova)
+{
+ return (QVTD_PT_VAL & VTD_PAGE_MASK_4K) + (iova & 0xfff);
+}
+
+static void save_fn(QPCIDevice *dev, int devfn, void *data)
+{
+ QPCIDevice **pdev = (QPCIDevice **) data;
+
+ *pdev = dev;
+}
+
+static QPCIDevice *setup_qtest_pci_device(QTestState *qts, QPCIBus **pcibus,
+ QPCIBar *bar)
+{
+ QPCIDevice *dev = NULL;
+
+ *pcibus = qpci_new_pc(qts, NULL);
+ g_assert(*pcibus != NULL);
+
+ qpci_device_foreach(*pcibus, IOMMU_TESTDEV_VENDOR_ID,
+ IOMMU_TESTDEV_DEVICE_ID, save_fn, &dev);
+
+ g_assert(dev);
+ qpci_device_enable(dev);
+ *bar = qpci_iomap(dev, 0, NULL);
+ g_assert_false(bar->is_io);
+
+ return dev;
+}
+
+static const char *qvtd_iommu_args(QVTDTransMode mode)
+{
+ switch (mode) {
+ case QVTD_TM_SCALABLE_FLT:
+ return "-device intel-iommu,x-scalable-mode=on,x-flts=on ";
+ case QVTD_TM_SCALABLE_PT:
+ case QVTD_TM_SCALABLE_SLT:
+ return "-device intel-iommu,x-scalable-mode=on ";
+ default:
+ return "-device intel-iommu ";
+ }
+}
+
+static bool qvtd_check_caps(QTestState *qts, QVTDTransMode mode)
+{
+ uint64_t ecap = qtest_readq(qts,
+ Q35_HOST_BRIDGE_IOMMU_ADDR + DMAR_ECAP_REG);
+
+ /* All scalable modes require SMTS */
+ if (qvtd_is_scalable(mode) && !(ecap & VTD_ECAP_SMTS)) {
+ g_test_skip("ECAP.SMTS not supported");
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ switch (mode) {
+ case QVTD_TM_SCALABLE_PT:
+ if (!(ecap & VTD_ECAP_PT)) {
+ g_test_skip("ECAP.PT not supported");
+ return false;
+ }
+ break;
+ case QVTD_TM_SCALABLE_SLT:
+ if (!(ecap & VTD_ECAP_SSTS)) {
+ g_test_skip("ECAP.SSTS not supported");
+ return false;
+ }
+ break;
+ case QVTD_TM_SCALABLE_FLT:
+ if (!(ecap & VTD_ECAP_FSTS)) {
+ g_test_skip("ECAP.FSTS not supported");
+ return false;
+ }
+ break;
+ default:
+ break;
+ }
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+static void run_intel_iommu_translation(const QVTDTestConfig *cfg)
+{
+ QTestState *qts;
+ QPCIBus *pcibus;
+ QPCIDevice *dev;
+ QPCIBar bar;
+
+ if (!qtest_has_machine("q35")) {
+ g_test_skip("q35 machine not available");
+ return;
+ }
+
+ /* Initialize QEMU environment for Intel IOMMU testing */
+ qts = qtest_initf("-machine q35 -smp 1 -m 512 -net none "
+ "%s -device iommu-testdev",
+ qvtd_iommu_args(cfg->trans_mode));
+
+ /* Check CAP/ECAP capabilities for required translation mode */
+ if (!qvtd_check_caps(qts, cfg->trans_mode)) {
+ qtest_quit(qts);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ /* Setup and configure IOMMU-testdev PCI device */
+ dev = setup_qtest_pci_device(qts, &pcibus, &bar);
+ g_assert(dev);
+
+ g_test_message("### Intel IOMMU translation mode=%d ###", cfg->trans_mode);
+ qvtd_run_translation_case(qts, dev, bar, Q35_HOST_BRIDGE_IOMMU_ADDR, cfg);
+ g_free(dev);
+ qpci_free_pc(pcibus);
+ qtest_quit(qts);
+}
+
+static void test_intel_iommu_legacy_pt(void)
+{
+ QVTDTestConfig cfg = {
+ .trans_mode = QVTD_TM_LEGACY_PT,
+ .dma_gpa = QVTD_IOVA, /* pass-through: GPA == IOVA */
+ .dma_len = DMA_LEN,
+ .expected_result = 0,
+ };
+
+ run_intel_iommu_translation(&cfg);
+}
+
+static void test_intel_iommu_legacy_trans(void)
+{
+ QVTDTestConfig cfg = {
+ .trans_mode = QVTD_TM_LEGACY_TRANS,
+ .dma_gpa = intel_iommu_expected_gpa(QVTD_IOVA),
+ .dma_len = DMA_LEN,
+ .expected_result = 0,
+ };
+
+ run_intel_iommu_translation(&cfg);
+}
+
+static void test_intel_iommu_scalable_pt(void)
+{
+ QVTDTestConfig cfg = {
+ .trans_mode = QVTD_TM_SCALABLE_PT,
+ .dma_gpa = QVTD_IOVA, /* pass-through: GPA == IOVA */
+ .dma_len = DMA_LEN,
+ .expected_result = 0,
+ };
+
+ run_intel_iommu_translation(&cfg);
+}
+
+static void test_intel_iommu_scalable_slt(void)
+{
+ QVTDTestConfig cfg = {
+ .trans_mode = QVTD_TM_SCALABLE_SLT,
+ .dma_gpa = intel_iommu_expected_gpa(QVTD_IOVA),
+ .dma_len = DMA_LEN,
+ .expected_result = 0,
+ };
+
+ run_intel_iommu_translation(&cfg);
+}
+
+static void test_intel_iommu_scalable_flt(void)
+{
+ QVTDTestConfig cfg = {
+ .trans_mode = QVTD_TM_SCALABLE_FLT,
+ .dma_gpa = intel_iommu_expected_gpa(QVTD_IOVA),
+ .dma_len = DMA_LEN,
+ .expected_result = 0,
+ };
+
+ run_intel_iommu_translation(&cfg);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+ g_test_init(&argc, &argv, NULL);
+
+ /* Legacy mode tests */
+ qtest_add_func("/iommu-testdev/intel/legacy-pt",
+ test_intel_iommu_legacy_pt);
+ qtest_add_func("/iommu-testdev/intel/legacy-trans",
+ test_intel_iommu_legacy_trans);
+
+ /* Scalable mode tests */
+ qtest_add_func("/iommu-testdev/intel/scalable-pt",
+ test_intel_iommu_scalable_pt);
+ qtest_add_func("/iommu-testdev/intel/scalable-slt",
+ test_intel_iommu_scalable_slt);
+ qtest_add_func("/iommu-testdev/intel/scalable-flt",
+ test_intel_iommu_scalable_flt);
+
+ return g_test_run();
+}