]> git.ipfire.org Git - thirdparty/gnutls.git/commitdiff
tests: added check for memory alignment
authorNikos Mavrogiannopoulos <nmav@redhat.com>
Thu, 18 Jun 2015 08:44:45 +0000 (10:44 +0200)
committerNikos Mavrogiannopoulos <nmav@redhat.com>
Thu, 18 Jun 2015 08:44:45 +0000 (10:44 +0200)
tests/Makefile.am
tests/mini-alignment.c [new file with mode: 0644]

index 9f04e16af6913fe8494edf472aa6b56d5cdc9417..9ed96663eccc2c0870b5f78e870b681f25a26bb6 100644 (file)
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ ctests = mini-record-2 simple gc set_pkcs12_cred certder certuniqueid \
         strict-der mini-extension mini-supplementaldata mini-dtls0-9 \
         mini-record-retvals mini-server-name mini-etm mini-x509-cert-callback \
         sign-md5-rep keygen mini-tls-nonblock no-signal pkcs7-gen \
-        x509sign-verify2
+        x509sign-verify2 mini-alignment
  
 mini_dtls_pthread_LDADD = $(LDADD) -lpthread
 
diff --git a/tests/mini-alignment.c b/tests/mini-alignment.c
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..5d86efc
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,510 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2004-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+ * Copyright (C) 2013 Adam Sampson <ats@offog.org>
+ * Copyright (C) 2015 Red Hat, Inc.
+ *
+ * Author: Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos
+ *
+ * This file is part of GnuTLS.
+ *
+ * GnuTLS is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * GnuTLS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+ * General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with GnuTLS; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA
+ */
+
+/* Tests whether memory input to ciphers are properly aligned */
+
+#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
+#include <config.h>
+#endif
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+
+/* socketpair isn't supported on Win32. */
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+       exit(77);
+}
+
+#else
+
+#include <string.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#if !defined(_WIN32)
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+#endif
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <gnutls/gnutls.h>
+#include <gnutls/crypto.h>
+#include <nettle/aes.h>
+#include <nettle/cbc.h>
+#include <nettle/gcm.h>
+
+#include "utils.h"
+
+#include "ex-session-info.c"
+#include "ex-x509-info.c"
+
+pid_t child;
+
+static void tls_log_func(int level, const char *str)
+{
+       fprintf(stderr, "%s |<%d>| %s", child ? "server" : "client", level,
+               str);
+}
+
+/* A very basic TLS client, with anonymous authentication.
+ */
+
+
+#define MAX_BUF 1024
+#define MSG "Hello TLS"
+
+static unsigned char ca_pem[] =
+    "-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----\n"
+    "MIIB5zCCAVKgAwIBAgIERiYdJzALBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUwGTEXMBUGA1UEAxMOR251\n"
+    "VExTIHRlc3QgQ0EwHhcNMDcwNDE4MTMyOTExWhcNMDgwNDE3MTMyOTExWjAZMRcw\n"
+    "FQYDVQQDEw5HbnVUTFMgdGVzdCBDQTCBnDALBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEDgYwAMIGIAoGA\n"
+    "vuyYeh1vfmslnuggeEKgZAVmQ5ltSdUY7H25WGSygKMUYZ0KT74v8C780qtcNt9T\n"
+    "7EPH/N6RvB4BprdssgcQLsthR3XKA84jbjjxNCcaGs33lvOz8A1nf8p3hD+cKfRi\n"
+    "kfYSW2JazLrtCC4yRCas/SPOUxu78of+3HiTfFm/oXUCAwEAAaNDMEEwDwYDVR0T\n"
+    "AQH/BAUwAwEB/zAPBgNVHQ8BAf8EBQMDBwQAMB0GA1UdDgQWBBTpPBz7rZJu5gak\n"
+    "Viyi4cBTJ8jylTALBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUDgYEAiaIRqGfp1jPpNeVhABK60SU0KIAy\n"
+    "njuu7kHq5peUgYn8Jd9zNzExBOEp1VOipGsf6G66oQAhDFp2o8zkz7ZH71zR4HEW\n"
+    "KoX6n5Emn6DvcEH/9pAhnGxNHJAoS7czTKv/JDZJhkqHxyrE1fuLsg5Qv25DTw7+\n"
+    "PfqUpIhz5Bbm7J4=\n" "-----END CERTIFICATE-----\n";
+const gnutls_datum_t ca = { ca_pem, sizeof(ca_pem) };
+
+static unsigned char cert_pem[] =
+    "-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----\n"
+    "MIICHjCCAYmgAwIBAgIERiYdNzALBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUwGTEXMBUGA1UEAxMOR251\n"
+    "VExTIHRlc3QgQ0EwHhcNMDcwNDE4MTMyOTI3WhcNMDgwNDE3MTMyOTI3WjAdMRsw\n"
+    "GQYDVQQDExJHbnVUTFMgdGVzdCBjbGllbnQwgZwwCwYJKoZIhvcNAQEBA4GMADCB\n"
+    "iAKBgLtmQ/Xyxde2jMzF3/WIO7HJS2oOoa0gUEAIgKFPXKPQ+GzP5jz37AR2ExeL\n"
+    "ZIkiW8DdU3w77XwEu4C5KL6Om8aOoKUSy/VXHqLnu7czSZ/ju0quak1o/8kR4jKN\n"
+    "zj2AC41179gAgY8oBAOgIo1hBAf6tjd9IQdJ0glhaZiQo1ipAgMBAAGjdjB0MAwG\n"
+    "A1UdEwEB/wQCMAAwEwYDVR0lBAwwCgYIKwYBBQUHAwIwDwYDVR0PAQH/BAUDAweg\n"
+    "ADAdBgNVHQ4EFgQUTLkKm/odNON+3svSBxX+odrLaJEwHwYDVR0jBBgwFoAU6Twc\n"
+    "+62SbuYGpFYsouHAUyfI8pUwCwYJKoZIhvcNAQEFA4GBALujmBJVZnvaTXr9cFRJ\n"
+    "jpfc/3X7sLUsMvumcDE01ls/cG5mIatmiyEU9qI3jbgUf82z23ON/acwJf875D3/\n"
+    "U7jyOsBJ44SEQITbin2yUeJMIm1tievvdNXBDfW95AM507ShzP12sfiJkJfjjdhy\n"
+    "dc8Siq5JojruiMizAf0pA7in\n" "-----END CERTIFICATE-----\n";
+const gnutls_datum_t cert = { cert_pem, sizeof(cert_pem) };
+
+static unsigned char key_pem[] =
+    "-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----\n"
+    "MIICXAIBAAKBgQC7ZkP18sXXtozMxd/1iDuxyUtqDqGtIFBACIChT1yj0Phsz+Y8\n"
+    "9+wEdhMXi2SJIlvA3VN8O+18BLuAuSi+jpvGjqClEsv1Vx6i57u3M0mf47tKrmpN\n"
+    "aP/JEeIyjc49gAuNde/YAIGPKAQDoCKNYQQH+rY3fSEHSdIJYWmYkKNYqQIDAQAB\n"
+    "AoGADpmARG5CQxS+AesNkGmpauepiCz1JBF/JwnyiX6vEzUh0Ypd39SZztwrDxvF\n"
+    "PJjQaKVljml1zkJpIDVsqvHdyVdse8M+Qn6hw4x2p5rogdvhhIL1mdWo7jWeVJTF\n"
+    "RKB7zLdMPs3ySdtcIQaF9nUAQ2KJEvldkO3m/bRJFEp54k0CQQDYy+RlTmwRD6hy\n"
+    "7UtMjR0H3CSZJeQ8svMCxHLmOluG9H1UKk55ZBYfRTsXniqUkJBZ5wuV1L+pR9EK\n"
+    "ca89a+1VAkEA3UmBelwEv2u9cAU1QjKjmwju1JgXbrjEohK+3B5y0ESEXPAwNQT9\n"
+    "TrDM1m9AyxYTWLxX93dI5QwNFJtmbtjeBQJARSCWXhsoaDRG8QZrCSjBxfzTCqZD\n"
+    "ZXtl807ymCipgJm60LiAt0JLr4LiucAsMZz6+j+quQbSakbFCACB8SLV1QJBAKZQ\n"
+    "YKf+EPNtnmta/rRKKvySsi3GQZZN+Dt3q0r094XgeTsAqrqujVNfPhTMeP4qEVBX\n"
+    "/iVX2cmMTSh3w3z8MaECQEp0XJWDVKOwcTW6Ajp9SowtmiZ3YDYo1LF9igb4iaLv\n"
+    "sWZGfbnU3ryjvkb6YuFjgtzbZDZHWQCo8/cOtOBmPdk=\n"
+    "-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----\n";
+const gnutls_datum_t key = { key_pem, sizeof(key_pem) };
+
+struct myaes_ctx {
+       struct aes_ctx aes;
+       unsigned char iv[16];
+       int enc;
+};
+
+static int
+myaes_init(gnutls_cipher_algorithm_t algorithm, void **_ctx, int enc)
+{
+       /* we use key size to distinguish */
+       if (algorithm != GNUTLS_CIPHER_AES_128_CBC
+           && algorithm != GNUTLS_CIPHER_AES_192_CBC
+           && algorithm != GNUTLS_CIPHER_AES_256_CBC)
+               return GNUTLS_E_INVALID_REQUEST;
+
+       *_ctx = calloc(1, sizeof(struct myaes_ctx));
+       if (*_ctx == NULL) {
+               return GNUTLS_E_MEMORY_ERROR;
+       }
+
+       ((struct myaes_ctx *) (*_ctx))->enc = enc;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+myaes_setkey(void *_ctx, const void *userkey, size_t keysize)
+{
+       struct myaes_ctx *ctx = _ctx;
+
+       if (ctx->enc)
+               aes_set_encrypt_key(&ctx->aes, keysize, userkey);
+       else
+               aes_set_decrypt_key(&ctx->aes, keysize, userkey);
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int myaes_setiv(void *_ctx, const void *iv, size_t iv_size)
+{
+       struct myaes_ctx *ctx = _ctx;
+
+       memcpy(ctx->iv, iv, 16);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+myaes_encrypt(void *_ctx, const void *src, size_t src_size,
+           void *dst, size_t dst_size)
+{
+       struct myaes_ctx *ctx = _ctx;
+
+       if (((unsigned long)src)%16 != 0) {
+               fail("encrypt: source is not 16-byte aligned: %lu\n", ((unsigned long)src)%16);
+       }
+
+       if (((unsigned long)dst)%16 != 0) {
+               fail("encrypt: dest is not 16-byte aligned: %lu\n", ((unsigned long)dst)%16);
+       }
+
+       cbc_encrypt(&ctx->aes, (nettle_cipher_func*)aes_encrypt, 16, ctx->iv, src_size, dst, src);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+myaes_decrypt(void *_ctx, const void *src, size_t src_size,
+           void *dst, size_t dst_size)
+{
+       struct myaes_ctx *ctx = _ctx;
+
+       if (((unsigned long)src)%16 != 0) {
+               fail("decrypt: source is not 16-byte aligned: %lu\n", ((unsigned long)src)%16);
+       }
+
+       if (((unsigned long)dst)%16 != 0) {
+               fail("decrypt: dest is not 16-byte aligned: %lu\n", ((unsigned long)dst)%16);
+       }
+
+       cbc_decrypt(&ctx->aes, (nettle_cipher_func*)aes_decrypt, 16, ctx->iv, src_size, dst, src);
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static void myaes_deinit(void *_ctx)
+{
+       free(_ctx);
+}
+
+static void client(int sd)
+{
+       int ret, ii;
+       gnutls_session_t session;
+       char buffer[MAX_BUF + 1];
+       gnutls_certificate_credentials_t xcred;
+
+       global_init();
+
+       gnutls_global_set_log_function(tls_log_func);
+       if (debug)
+               gnutls_global_set_log_level(6);
+
+       gnutls_certificate_allocate_credentials(&xcred);
+
+       /* sets the trusted cas file
+        */
+       gnutls_certificate_set_x509_trust_mem(xcred, &ca,
+                                             GNUTLS_X509_FMT_PEM);
+       gnutls_certificate_set_x509_key_mem(xcred, &cert, &key,
+                                           GNUTLS_X509_FMT_PEM);
+
+       /* Initialize TLS session
+        */
+       gnutls_init(&session, GNUTLS_CLIENT);
+
+       /* Use default priorities */
+       gnutls_priority_set_direct(session, "NORMAL:-CIPHER-ALL:+AES-128-CBC", NULL);
+
+       /* put the x509 credentials to the current session
+        */
+       gnutls_credentials_set(session, GNUTLS_CRD_CERTIFICATE, xcred);
+
+       gnutls_transport_set_int(session, sd);
+
+       /* Perform the TLS handshake
+        */
+       ret = gnutls_handshake(session);
+
+       if (ret < 0) {
+               fail("client: Handshake failed\n");
+               gnutls_perror(ret);
+               goto end;
+       } else if (debug) {
+               success("client: Handshake was completed\n");
+       }
+
+       if (debug)
+               success("client: TLS version is: %s\n",
+                       gnutls_protocol_get_name
+                       (gnutls_protocol_get_version(session)));
+
+       /* see the Getting peer's information example */
+       if (debug)
+               print_info(session);
+
+       ret = gnutls_record_send(session, MSG, strlen(MSG));
+
+       if (ret == strlen(MSG)) {
+               if (debug)
+                       success("client: sent record.\n");
+       } else {
+               fail("client: failed to send record.\n");
+               gnutls_perror(ret);
+               goto end;
+       }
+
+       ret = gnutls_record_recv(session, buffer, MAX_BUF);
+
+       if (debug)
+               success("client: recv returned %d.\n", ret);
+
+       if (ret == GNUTLS_E_REHANDSHAKE) {
+               if (debug)
+                       success("client: doing handshake!\n");
+               ret = gnutls_handshake(session);
+               if (ret == 0) {
+                       if (debug)
+                               success
+                                   ("client: handshake complete, reading again.\n");
+                       ret = gnutls_record_recv(session, buffer, MAX_BUF);
+               } else {
+                       fail("client: handshake failed.\n");
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (ret == 0) {
+               if (debug)
+                       success
+                           ("client: Peer has closed the TLS connection\n");
+               goto end;
+       } else if (ret < 0) {
+               fail("client: Error: %s\n", gnutls_strerror(ret));
+               goto end;
+       }
+
+       if (debug) {
+               printf("- Received %d bytes: ", ret);
+               for (ii = 0; ii < ret; ii++) {
+                       fputc(buffer[ii], stdout);
+               }
+               fputs("\n", stdout);
+       }
+
+       gnutls_bye(session, GNUTLS_SHUT_RDWR);
+
+      end:
+
+       close(sd);
+
+       gnutls_deinit(session);
+
+       gnutls_certificate_free_credentials(xcred);
+
+       gnutls_global_deinit();
+}
+
+/* This is a sample TLS 1.0 echo server, using X.509 authentication.
+ */
+
+#define MAX_BUF 1024
+
+/* These are global */
+
+
+
+static unsigned char server_cert_pem[] =
+    "-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----\n"
+    "MIICVjCCAcGgAwIBAgIERiYdMTALBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUwGTEXMBUGA1UEAxMOR251\n"
+    "VExTIHRlc3QgQ0EwHhcNMDcwNDE4MTMyOTIxWhcNMDgwNDE3MTMyOTIxWjA3MRsw\n"
+    "GQYDVQQKExJHbnVUTFMgdGVzdCBzZXJ2ZXIxGDAWBgNVBAMTD3Rlc3QuZ251dGxz\n"
+    "Lm9yZzCBnDALBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEDgYwAMIGIAoGA17pcr6MM8C6pJ1aqU46o63+B\n"
+    "dUxrmL5K6rce+EvDasTaDQC46kwTHzYWk95y78akXrJutsoKiFV1kJbtple8DDt2\n"
+    "DZcevensf9Op7PuFZKBroEjOd35znDET/z3IrqVgbtm2jFqab7a+n2q9p/CgMyf1\n"
+    "tx2S5Zacc1LWn9bIjrECAwEAAaOBkzCBkDAMBgNVHRMBAf8EAjAAMBoGA1UdEQQT\n"
+    "MBGCD3Rlc3QuZ251dGxzLm9yZzATBgNVHSUEDDAKBggrBgEFBQcDATAPBgNVHQ8B\n"
+    "Af8EBQMDB6AAMB0GA1UdDgQWBBTrx0Vu5fglyoyNgw106YbU3VW0dTAfBgNVHSME\n"
+    "GDAWgBTpPBz7rZJu5gakViyi4cBTJ8jylTALBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUDgYEAaFEPTt+7\n"
+    "bzvBuOf7+QmeQcn29kT6Bsyh1RHJXf8KTk5QRfwp6ogbp94JQWcNQ/S7YDFHglD1\n"
+    "AwUNBRXwd3riUsMnsxgeSDxYBfJYbDLeohNBsqaPDJb7XailWbMQKfAbFQ8cnOxg\n"
+    "rOKLUQRWJ0K3HyXRMhbqjdLIaQiCvQLuizo=\n" "-----END CERTIFICATE-----\n";
+
+const gnutls_datum_t server_cert = { server_cert_pem,
+       sizeof(server_cert_pem)
+};
+
+static unsigned char server_key_pem[] =
+    "-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----\n"
+    "MIICXAIBAAKBgQDXulyvowzwLqknVqpTjqjrf4F1TGuYvkrqtx74S8NqxNoNALjq\n"
+    "TBMfNhaT3nLvxqResm62ygqIVXWQlu2mV7wMO3YNlx696ex/06ns+4VkoGugSM53\n"
+    "fnOcMRP/PciupWBu2baMWppvtr6far2n8KAzJ/W3HZLllpxzUtaf1siOsQIDAQAB\n"
+    "AoGAYAFyKkAYC/PYF8e7+X+tsVCHXppp8AoP8TEZuUqOZz/AArVlle/ROrypg5kl\n"
+    "8YunrvUdzH9R/KZ7saNZlAPLjZyFG9beL/am6Ai7q7Ma5HMqjGU8kTEGwD7K+lbG\n"
+    "iomokKMOl+kkbY/2sI5Czmbm+/PqLXOjtVc5RAsdbgvtmvkCQQDdV5QuU8jap8Hs\n"
+    "Eodv/tLJ2z4+SKCV2k/7FXSKWe0vlrq0cl2qZfoTUYRnKRBcWxc9o92DxK44wgPi\n"
+    "oMQS+O7fAkEA+YG+K9e60sj1K4NYbMPAbYILbZxORDecvP8lcphvwkOVUqbmxOGh\n"
+    "XRmTZUuhBrJhJKKf6u7gf3KWlPl6ShKEbwJASC118cF6nurTjuLf7YKARDjNTEws\n"
+    "qZEeQbdWYINAmCMj0RH2P0mvybrsXSOD5UoDAyO7aWuqkHGcCLv6FGG+qwJAOVqq\n"
+    "tXdUucl6GjOKKw5geIvRRrQMhb/m5scb+5iw8A4LEEHPgGiBaF5NtJZLALgWfo5n\n"
+    "hmC8+G8F0F78znQtPwJBANexu+Tg5KfOnzSILJMo3oXiXhf5PqXIDmbN0BKyCKAQ\n"
+    "LfkcEcUbVfmDaHpvzwY9VEaoMOKVLitETXdNSxVpvWM=\n"
+    "-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----\n";
+
+const gnutls_datum_t server_key = { server_key_pem,
+       sizeof(server_key_pem)
+};
+
+static void server(int sd)
+{
+       gnutls_certificate_credentials_t x509_cred;
+       int ret;
+       gnutls_session_t session;
+       char buffer[MAX_BUF + 1];
+
+       /* this must be called once in the program
+        */
+       global_init();
+
+       gnutls_global_set_log_function(tls_log_func);
+       if (debug)
+               gnutls_global_set_log_level(6);
+
+       ret = gnutls_crypto_register_cipher(GNUTLS_CIPHER_AES_128_CBC, 1,
+               myaes_init,
+               myaes_setkey,
+               myaes_setiv,
+               myaes_encrypt,
+               myaes_decrypt,
+               myaes_deinit);
+       if (ret < 0) {
+               fail("%d: cannot register cipher\n", __LINE__);
+       }
+
+       gnutls_certificate_allocate_credentials(&x509_cred);
+       gnutls_certificate_set_x509_trust_mem(x509_cred, &ca,
+                                             GNUTLS_X509_FMT_PEM);
+
+       gnutls_certificate_set_x509_key_mem(x509_cred, &server_cert,
+                                           &server_key,
+                                           GNUTLS_X509_FMT_PEM);
+
+       if (debug)
+               success("Launched, generating DH parameters...\n");
+
+       gnutls_init(&session, GNUTLS_SERVER);
+
+       /* avoid calling all the priority functions, since the defaults
+        * are adequate.
+        */
+       gnutls_priority_set_direct(session, "NORMAL:-CIPHER-ALL:+AES-128-CBC", NULL);
+
+       gnutls_credentials_set(session, GNUTLS_CRD_CERTIFICATE, x509_cred);
+
+       gnutls_transport_set_int(session, sd);
+       ret = gnutls_handshake(session);
+       if (ret < 0) {
+               close(sd);
+               gnutls_deinit(session);
+               fail("server: Handshake has failed (%s)\n\n",
+                    gnutls_strerror(ret));
+               return;
+       }
+       if (debug) {
+               success("server: Handshake was completed\n");
+               success("server: TLS version is: %s\n",
+                       gnutls_protocol_get_name
+                       (gnutls_protocol_get_version(session)));
+       }
+
+       /* see the Getting peer's information example */
+       if (debug)
+               print_info(session);
+
+       for (;;) {
+               memset(buffer, 0, MAX_BUF + 1);
+               ret = gnutls_record_recv(session, buffer, MAX_BUF);
+
+               if (ret == 0) {
+                       if (debug)
+                               success
+                                   ("server: Peer has closed the GnuTLS connection\n");
+                       break;
+               } else if (ret < 0) {
+                       fail("server: Received corrupted data(%d). Closing...\n", ret);
+                       break;
+               } else if (ret > 0) {
+                       /* echo data back to the client
+                        */
+                       gnutls_record_send(session, buffer,
+                                          strlen(buffer));
+               }
+       }
+       /* do not wait for the peer to close the connection.
+        */
+       gnutls_bye(session, GNUTLS_SHUT_WR);
+
+       close(sd);
+       gnutls_deinit(session);
+
+       gnutls_certificate_free_credentials(x509_cred);
+
+       gnutls_global_deinit();
+
+       if (debug)
+               success("server: finished\n");
+}
+
+
+void doit(void)
+{
+       int sockets[2];
+       int err;
+
+       err = socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0, sockets);
+       if (err == -1) {
+               perror("socketpair");
+               fail("socketpair failed\n");
+               return;
+       }
+
+       child = fork();
+       if (child < 0) {
+               perror("fork");
+               fail("fork");
+               return;
+       }
+
+       if (child) {
+               int status;
+
+               server(sockets[0]);
+               wait(&status);
+       } else
+               client(sockets[1]);
+}
+
+#endif                         /* _WIN32 */