From: Raymond Hettinger <python@rcn.com>
Date: Sat, 12 Oct 2013 23:04:39 +0000 (-0700)
Subject: merge
X-Git-Tag: v3.4.0a4~152
X-Git-Url: http://git.ipfire.org/gitweb.cgi?a=commitdiff_plain;h=84fc7081f55f517062b35d0e0628cdfa4f1b9d55;p=thirdparty%2FPython%2Fcpython.git

merge
---

84fc7081f55f517062b35d0e0628cdfa4f1b9d55
diff --cc Doc/library/functools.rst
index 5eb86ec93c57,3c946e3eb28c..14e13519a43e
--- a/Doc/library/functools.rst
+++ b/Doc/library/functools.rst
@@@ -205,112 -185,19 +205,124 @@@ The :mod:`functools` module defines th
     a default when the sequence is empty.  If *initializer* is not given and
     *sequence* contains only one item, the first item is returned.
  
+    Equivalent to::
+ 
+       def reduce(function, iterable, initializer=None):
+           it = iter(iterable)
+           if initializer is None:
+               value = next(it)
+           else:
+               value = initializer
+           for element in it:
+               value = function(value, element)
+           return value
+ 
  
 +.. decorator:: singledispatch(default)
 +
 +   Transforms a function into a :term:`single-dispatch <single
 +   dispatch>` :term:`generic function`.
 +
 +   To define a generic function, decorate it with the ``@singledispatch``
 +   decorator. Note that the dispatch happens on the type of the first argument,
 +   create your function accordingly::
 +
 +     >>> from functools import singledispatch
 +     >>> @singledispatch
 +     ... def fun(arg, verbose=False):
 +     ...     if verbose:
 +     ...         print("Let me just say,", end=" ")
 +     ...     print(arg)
 +
 +   To add overloaded implementations to the function, use the :func:`register`
 +   attribute of the generic function.  It is a decorator, taking a type
 +   parameter and decorating a function implementing the operation for that
 +   type::
 +
 +     >>> @fun.register(int)
 +     ... def _(arg, verbose=False):
 +     ...     if verbose:
 +     ...         print("Strength in numbers, eh?", end=" ")
 +     ...     print(arg)
 +     ...
 +     >>> @fun.register(list)
 +     ... def _(arg, verbose=False):
 +     ...     if verbose:
 +     ...         print("Enumerate this:")
 +     ...     for i, elem in enumerate(arg):
 +     ...         print(i, elem)
 +
 +   To enable registering lambdas and pre-existing functions, the
 +   :func:`register` attribute can be used in a functional form::
 +
 +     >>> def nothing(arg, verbose=False):
 +     ...     print("Nothing.")
 +     ...
 +     >>> fun.register(type(None), nothing)
 +
 +   The :func:`register` attribute returns the undecorated function which
 +   enables decorator stacking, pickling, as well as creating unit tests for
 +   each variant independently::
 +
 +     >>> @fun.register(float)
 +     ... @fun.register(Decimal)
 +     ... def fun_num(arg, verbose=False):
 +     ...     if verbose:
 +     ...         print("Half of your number:", end=" ")
 +     ...     print(arg / 2)
 +     ...
 +     >>> fun_num is fun
 +     False
 +
 +   When called, the generic function dispatches on the type of the first
 +   argument::
 +
 +     >>> fun("Hello, world.")
 +     Hello, world.
 +     >>> fun("test.", verbose=True)
 +     Let me just say, test.
 +     >>> fun(42, verbose=True)
 +     Strength in numbers, eh? 42
 +     >>> fun(['spam', 'spam', 'eggs', 'spam'], verbose=True)
 +     Enumerate this:
 +     0 spam
 +     1 spam
 +     2 eggs
 +     3 spam
 +     >>> fun(None)
 +     Nothing.
 +     >>> fun(1.23)
 +     0.615
 +
 +   Where there is no registered implementation for a specific type, its
 +   method resolution order is used to find a more generic implementation.
 +   The original function decorated with ``@singledispatch`` is registered
 +   for the base ``object`` type, which means it is used if no better
 +   implementation is found.
 +
 +   To check which implementation will the generic function choose for
 +   a given type, use the ``dispatch()`` attribute::
 +
 +     >>> fun.dispatch(float)
 +     <function fun_num at 0x1035a2840>
 +     >>> fun.dispatch(dict)    # note: default implementation
 +     <function fun at 0x103fe0000>
 +
 +   To access all registered implementations, use the read-only ``registry``
 +   attribute::
 +
 +    >>> fun.registry.keys()
 +    dict_keys([<class 'NoneType'>, <class 'int'>, <class 'object'>,
 +              <class 'decimal.Decimal'>, <class 'list'>,
 +              <class 'float'>])
 +    >>> fun.registry[float]
 +    <function fun_num at 0x1035a2840>
 +    >>> fun.registry[object]
 +    <function fun at 0x103fe0000>
 +
 +   .. versionadded:: 3.4
 +
 +
  .. function:: update_wrapper(wrapper, wrapped, assigned=WRAPPER_ASSIGNMENTS, updated=WRAPPER_UPDATES)
  
     Update a *wrapper* function to look like the *wrapped* function. The optional