Add re.VERBOSE flag documentation example (GH-97678)

The current re.VERBOSE documentation example leaves space for ambiguous
interpretation. One may read that spaces within the `(?:` token are
spaces inside the non-capturing group (such as `(?: )`). This patch
removes the ambiguity by including examples after the statement.
(cherry picked from commit 0ceafa7fa408b64377ea31dd5386152da19ef38a)

Co-authored-by: Athos Ribeiro <athoscribeiro@gmail.com>

gh-95913: Copyedit/improve Implementation Changes What's New section (GH-97720)

* Add and refine reST/Sphinx syntax for implementation changes section

* Clarify and refine wording in the Implementation Changes section

* Elide unnecessary comma

Co-authored-by: Ezio Melotti <ezio.melotti@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Ezio Melotti <ezio.melotti@gmail.com>
(cherry picked from commit 4e731814d781dae3419e981c0acc3ef833e26e8a)

Co-authored-by: C.A.M. Gerlach <CAM.Gerlach@Gerlach.CAM>

[3.11] gh-93738: Documentation C syntax (:c:data:`view->obj` -> :c:expr:`view->obj`) (GH-97773) (#97867)

:c:data:`view->obj` -> :c:expr:`view->obj`
(cherry picked from commit fa59bda8d30ea0b6c19007205b57c800c944304c)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.11] gh-93738: Documentation C syntax (:c:type:`PyInterpreterState *` -> :c:expr:`PyInterpreterState *`) (GH-97777) (#97865)

:c:type:`PyInterpreterState *` -> :c:expr:`PyInterpreterState *`
(cherry picked from commit 4ebb0250314b57637d213cd5bc5f5ce5dd911d94)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.11] gh-93738: Documentation C syntax (:c:type:`TYPE` -> :c:expr:`TYPE`) (GH-97770) (#97874)

:c:type:`TYPE` -> :c:expr:`TYPE`
(cherry picked from commit 8b211b4cdbcddecfcc4d1682864795b5f1438c59)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.11] gh-93738: Documentation C syntax (:c:type:`FILE` -> :c:expr:`FILE`) (GH-97769) (#97871)

:c:type:`FILE` -> :c:expr:`FILE`
(cherry picked from commit 192d401ba53224020f5f9ca6e1ff2c9f89511ac4)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.11] gh-93738: Documentation C syntax (:c:type:`PyTupleObject*` -> :c:expr:`PyTupleObject*`) (GH-97780) (#97863)

:c:type:`PyTupleObject*` -> :c:expr:`PyTupleObject*`
(cherry picked from commit 510baa429affb832d7b4ed68182e59daa2815d2e)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.11] gh-93738: Documentation C syntax (:c:type:`PyBytesObject*` -> :c:expr:`PyBytesObject*`) (GH-97782) (#97861)

:c:type:`PyBytesObject*` -> :c:expr:`PyBytesObject*`
(cherry picked from commit 9ebc50866b58a0ee2985c6540a67fee8a4a49e4d)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.11] gh-93738: Documentation C syntax (:c:type:`PyUnicodeObject*` -> :c:expr:`PyUnicodeObject*`) (GH-97783) (#97859)

:c:type:`PyUnicodeObject*` -> :c:expr:`PyUnicodeObject*`
(cherry picked from commit 898834e27b82bd1f3532b6448a862a7a9cdeff66)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.11] gh-93738: Documentation C syntax (:c:type:`Py_UNICODE*` -> :c:expr:`Py_UNICODE*`) (GH-97784) (#97857)

:c:type:`Py_UNICODE*` -> :c:expr:`Py_UNICODE*`
(cherry picked from commit a081cae2a2cd1248ad067c3f7dc218ea7e3d203a)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

gh-95913: Copyedit/improve Other Language Changes What's New section (GH-97719)

* Add/refine cross references to items in other lang changes section

* Unify context manager exception changes into single non-repetitive item

* More clearly describe the intent and consequences of the -P option

* Apply minor clarifications & copyedits to rest of section

* Tweak the formatting of module references

Co-authored-by: Ezio Melotti <ezio.melotti@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Ezio Melotti <ezio.melotti@gmail.com>
(cherry picked from commit a77d9dedcd0d52c2663e9de4417dec9d1c5199f4)

Co-authored-by: C.A.M. Gerlach <CAM.Gerlach@Gerlach.CAM>

gh-95913: Move py.exe to appropriate What's New section & refine text (GH-97718)

* Move Windows py.exe improvements from Typing section to New Features

* Add ref target label and use literal for py.exe

* Be clearer/explict about what legacy version arg components reprisent

* Apply other minor clarity and textual fixes to py.exe launcher text

* Refine phrasing of legacy sentence of py.exe desc

Co-authored-by: Ezio Melotti <ezio.melotti@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Ezio Melotti <ezio.melotti@gmail.com>
(cherry picked from commit 985958187d578cfa311e404588950b29fda95db7)

Co-authored-by: C.A.M. Gerlach <CAM.Gerlach@Gerlach.CAM>

[3.11] gh-88355: Fix backslashes in AF_PIPE (GH-96543) (#97854)

gh-88355: Fix backslashes in AF_PIPE (GH-96543)

Fix backslashes in AF_PIPE (GH-88355)

The correct syntax for AF_PIPE addresses is `\\.\pipe\blahblah`, not `\.\pipe{blahblah}`, but the syntax markup messed up the backslashes.
(cherry picked from commit ff28d8926de92d809e3b7f71d3e44672178ed11e)

Co-authored-by: cousteau <cousteaulecommandant@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: cousteau <cousteaulecommandant@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.11] gh-96448: fix documentation for _thread.lock.acquire (GH-96449) (#97851)

gh-96448: fix documentation for _thread.lock.acquire (GH-96449)

* fix documentation for _thread.lock.acquire

* update formatting of _thread.lock.acquire() doc
(cherry picked from commit 7acb93f0d44c6fb971fdb09b86f68896e3b1e2f8)

Co-authored-by: Daniel Giger <danielg3432@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Daniel Giger <danielg3432@gmail.com>

gh-90301: Doc: Add references to PEP 686 (GH-96816)

Doc: Add references to PEP 686.
(cherry picked from commit 87679a6e607eec1134d77222a3a92d0d11f768ad)

Co-authored-by: Inada Naoki <songofacandy@gmail.com>

[3.11] gh-97731: fix distclean target to clean docs GH-97732 (#97844)

Backport  gh-97731: fix distclean target to clean docs #97732 to 3.11

GH-95913: Update what's new in 3.11 for asyncio (GH-97806)

Co-authored-by: Kumar Aditya <59607654+kumaraditya303@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: C.A.M. Gerlach <CAM.Gerlach@Gerlach.CAM>
Co-authored-by: Jelle Zijlstra <jelle.zijlstra@gmail.com>
(cherry picked from commit 9fbfa42ece3e0256657ce2594c7c3eb8b3ac8ff3)

Co-authored-by: Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>

GH-82604: fix docs about configuring selector (GH-97755)

(cherry picked from commit 53503ff60e9a4727af0d9a1096418675e72a0fae)

Co-authored-by: Kumar Aditya <59607654+kumaraditya303@users.noreply.github.com>

gh-97754: Update doc for default location of per-user installs on Windows (GH-97756)

(cherry picked from commit a120b9f25d037a1c794df731f8cc6a2898a9165e)

Co-authored-by: Ben Faulhaber <111227622+faulhaberben@users.noreply.github.com>

Adjust stable ABI internal documentation (GH-96896)

I was perusing this file, and noticed that this part of the documentation is slightly out of date: the `struct` items in this TOML file currently contain `struct_abi_kind` members, which distinguish between the different types of ABI compatibility described in the comment.

I've updated the comment to reflect this.
(cherry picked from commit 6e533088290b909df324615df24286489603989f)

Co-authored-by: William Woodruff <william@yossarian.net>

gh-97709: Included newline separator in Mandelbrot set (GH-97737)

Included newline separator in Mandelbrot set

Now the Mandelbrot set one-liner example on separates the lines with a '\n' character.
(cherry picked from commit 49802605f8e47c5c7ddc8a6cecdf4afe44765586)

Co-authored-by: matheusja <matheusjahnke@hotmail.com>

[3.11] GH-97752: Clear the previous member of newly-created generator/coroutine frames (GH-97812)

(cherry picked from commit 93fcc1f4133e177882850177c2c047d46019b812)

gh-97639: Remove `tokenize.NL` check from `tabnanny` (GH-97640)

* gh-97639: Remove `tokenize.NL` check from `tabnanny`

* 📜🤖 Added by blurb_it.

Co-authored-by: blurb-it[bot] <43283697+blurb-it[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
(cherry picked from commit 06016845dcca1d444a6db6d70ce9fe6274d551d3)

Co-authored-by: Nikita Sobolev <mail@sobolevn.me>

gh-93738: Documentation C syntax (:c:data:`0` -> ``0``) (GH-97771)

:c:data:`0` -> ``0``
(cherry picked from commit 5e997cff3e1dea24241726338457611beb8882ec)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

Update http.client.rst (GH-24803)

* Update http.client.rst

* Apply suggestions from code review

Co-authored-by: Éric <merwok@netwok.org>
* Update http.client.rst

Co-authored-by: Éric <merwok@netwok.org>
Co-authored-by: Senthil Kumaran <senthil@python.org>
(cherry picked from commit 0c91a125116b21e91d0d1cca457da830348f0806)

Co-authored-by: Géry Ogam <gery.ogam@gmail.com>

Minor grammar changes to http.client docs (GH-96221)

Minor grammar changes
(cherry picked from commit d053c47bfde1b3d8779546b980849708662f2660)

Co-authored-by: Rohan Shah <57906961+rshah713@users.noreply.github.com>

multiprocessing docs: Remove extra option ELLIPSIS from section with code (GH-96625)

(cherry picked from commit d78aa4e11a80653588229cc97119afae693d1c06)

Co-authored-by: Ivan Kapeykin <5349983@gmail.com>

Document that MozillaCookieJar works for curl's cookie files (GH-91852)

MozillaCookieJar works for curl's cookies
(cherry picked from commit 0ea8b925d096629852d1045c2c53ff6ad63199cc)

Co-authored-by: Boris Verkhovskiy <boris.verk@gmail.com>

gh-94732: Fix KeyboardInterrupt race in asyncio run_forever() (GH-97765)

Ensure that the event loop's `_thread_id` attribute and the asyncgen hooks set by `sys.set_asyncgen_hooks()` are always restored no matter where a KeyboardInterrupt exception is raised.
(cherry picked from commit 3a49dbb98ccc1b90554ed181386316efa38adfba)

Co-authored-by: hetmankp <728670+hetmankp@users.noreply.github.com>

gh-94808: Coverage: Check picklablability of calliter (GH-95923)

(cherry picked from commit cfbc7dd91059cb663c7fe13c661665943495ed7f)

Co-authored-by: Michael Droettboom <mdboom@gmail.com>

[3.11] Fix typos in `bltinmodule.c`. (GH-97789)

(cherry picked from commit 873a2f25272ca9fb027866a9730c44ba627b30cc)

Co-authored-by: Nikita Sobolev <mail@sobolevn.me>

Fix typo in unittest docs (GH-97742)

(cherry picked from commit e6f9ec5c031bd996fcd5f463c407beef0b743b49)

Co-authored-by: annonm <annonm@gmail.com>

[3.11] gh-97728: Argument Clinic: Fix uninitialized variable in the Py_UNICODE converter (GH-97729) (GH-97757)

It affects function os.system() on Windows and Windows-specific modules
winreg, _winapi, _overlapped, and _msi.
(cherry picked from commit 0ee9619a4cba58730c45e65d22288fadbf7680de)

gh-95913: Fix PEP number in PEP 678 What's New ref label (GH-97739)

What's New: Fix PEP number in PEP 678 ref target label
(cherry picked from commit e738b5190bfa63086b5e8169189e9b05302873c8)

Co-authored-by: C.A.M. Gerlach <CAM.Gerlach@Gerlach.CAM>

gh-95913: Copyedit/improve New Modules What's New section (GH-97721)

* Link TOML & WSGI in New Modules section, refine text & add ref label

* Further reformat new modules & add PEP link to tomllib
(cherry picked from commit bd00112a99af44c6ef82ee45b4072ec3bbc82fef)

Co-authored-by: C.A.M. Gerlach <CAM.Gerlach@Gerlach.CAM>

gh-97740: Fix bang in Sphinx C domain ref target syntax (GH-97741)

* gh-97740: Fix bang in Sphinx C domain ref target syntax

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>
* Add NEWS entry for C domain bang fix

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>
(cherry picked from commit 9148c0d893c7807331fd7be0997261e289074bc5)

Co-authored-by: C.A.M. Gerlach <CAM.Gerlach@Gerlach.CAM>

gh-96819: multiprocessing.resource_tracker: check if length of pipe write <= 512 (GH-96890)

Co-authored-by: Kumar Aditya <59607654+kumaraditya303@users.noreply.github.com>
(cherry picked from commit 19ca114645bd8796cf4094e152b1fa9944da473d)

Co-authored-by: Koki Saito <49419225+saito828koki@users.noreply.github.com>

GH-85447: Clarify docs about awaiting future multiple times (GH-97738)

(cherry picked from commit 9151bbefea3fb932eb6aa6ddb22d64b83f8149c7)

Co-authored-by: Kumar Aditya <59607654+kumaraditya303@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.11] [docs] Update logging cookbook with recipe for using a logger like an output… (GH-97730) (GH-97735)

gh-97607: Fix content parsing in the impl-detail reST directive (GH-97652)

* Don't parse content as arg in the impl-detail directive

This does not change the (untranslated) output,
but ensures that the doctree node metadata is correct.
which fixes gh-97607 with the text not being translated.
It also simplifies the code and logic
and makes it consistant with the docutils built-in directives.

* Remove unused branch from impl-detail directive handling no-content case

This is not used anywhere in the docs and lacks a clear use case,
and is more likely a mistake which is now flagged at build time.
This simplifies the logic from two code paths to one,
and makes the behavior consistant with similar built-in directives
(e.g. the various admonition types).

* Further simplify impl-detail reST directive code
(cherry picked from commit e8165d47b852e933c176209ddc0b5836a9b0d5f4)

Co-authored-by: C.A.M. Gerlach <CAM.Gerlach@Gerlach.CAM>

gh-95975: Move except/*/finally ref labels to more precise locations (GH-95976)

* gh-95975: Move except/*/finally ref labels to more precise locations

* Add section headers to fix :keyword: role and aid navigation

* Move see also to the introduction rather than a particular subsection

* Fix other minor Sphinx syntax issues with except

Co-authored-by: Ezio Melotti <ezio.melotti@gmail.com>
* Suppress redundant link to same section for except too

* Don't link try/except/else/finally keywords if in the same section

* Format try/except/finally as keywords in modified sections

Co-authored-by: Ezio Melotti <ezio.melotti@gmail.com>
(cherry picked from commit dcc82331c8f05a6a149ac15c519d4fbae72692b2)

Co-authored-by: C.A.M. Gerlach <CAM.Gerlach@Gerlach.CAM>

gh-97591: In `Exception.__setstate__()` acquire strong references before calling `tp_hash` slot (GH-97700)

(cherry picked from commit d63943860974f232b5f027dc6535d25d1b4d8fc0)

Co-authored-by: Ofey Chan <ofey206@gmail.com>

gh-95588: Drop the safety claim from `ast.literal_eval` docs. (GH-95919)

It was never really safe and this claim conflicts directly with the big warning in the docs about it being able to crash the interpreter.
(cherry picked from commit 8baef8ae367041a5cfefb40b19c7b87e9bcb56a2)

Co-authored-by: Gregory P. Smith <greg@krypto.org>

Fix capitalization of Unix in documentation (GH-96913)

(cherry picked from commit bd7d0e875e6955dd69cde18a034e59a75b8b4d00)

Co-authored-by: Will Hawkins <8715530+hawkinsw@users.noreply.github.com>

gh-90908: Document asyncio.Task.cancelling() and asyncio.Task.uncancel() (GH-95253)

Co-authored-by: Thomas Grainger <tagrain@gmail.com>
(cherry picked from commit f00645d5dbf4cfa0b8f382c8977724578dff191d)

Co-authored-by: Łukasz Langa <lukasz@langa.pl>

GH-96827: Don't touch closed loops from executor threads (GH-96837)

* When chaining futures, skip callback if loop closed.
* When shutting down an executor, don't wake a closed loop.
(cherry picked from commit e9d63760fea8748638f6e495b5b07bd1805c9591)

Co-authored-by: Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>

GH-97592: Fix crash in C remove_done_callback due to evil code (GH-97660)

Evil code could cause fut_callbacks to be cleared when PyObject_RichCompareBool is called.
(cherry picked from commit 63780f4599acc2c5ee8af5f37ab76c162ad21065)

Co-authored-by: Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>

gh-87597: Document TimeoutExpired.stdout & .stderr types (GH-97685)

This documents the behavior that has always been the case since timeout
support was introduced in Python 3.3.
(cherry picked from commit b05dd796492160c37c9e15e3882f699f411b3461)

Co-authored-by: Gregory P. Smith <greg@krypto.org>

bpo-35675: IDLE  - separate config_key window and frame (GH-11427)

bpo-35598: IDLE: Refactor window and frame class

Co-authored-by: Terry Jan Reedy <tjreedy@udel.edu>
(cherry picked from commit 1cc308d03c1b44a0885a3c5f07d0786b49ea711d)

Co-authored-by: Cheryl Sabella <cheryl.sabella@gmail.com>

gh-94526: getpath_dirname() no longer encodes the path (GH-97645)

Fix the Python path configuration used to initialized sys.path at
Python startup. Paths are no longer encoded to UTF-8/strict to avoid
encoding errors if it contains surrogate characters (bytes paths are
decoded with the surrogateescape error handler).

getpath_basename() and getpath_dirname() functions no longer encode
the path to UTF-8/strict, but work directly on Unicode strings. These
functions now use PyUnicode_FindChar() and PyUnicode_Substring() on
the Unicode path, rather than strrchr() on the encoded bytes string.
(cherry picked from commit 9f2f1dd131b912e224cd0269adde8879799686c4)

Co-authored-by: Victor Stinner <vstinner@python.org>

gh-90989: Clarify some installer text (GH-97668)

[3.11] Use SyntaxError invalid range in tutorial introduction example (GH-93031) (GH-97666)

Use SyntaxError invalid range in tutorial introduction example (GH-93031)

Use output from a 3.10+ REPL, showing invalid range, for the
SyntaxError examples in the tutorial introduction page.

Co-authored-by: Eddie Hebert <eddie@eddiehebert.com>

gh-96397: Document that attributes need not be identifiers (GH-96454)

Co-authored-by: C.A.M. Gerlach <CAM.Gerlach@Gerlach.CAM>
(cherry picked from commit 9a11ed8e50492d327e4de0a8f3a473e788b14a6f)

Co-authored-by: Jeff Allen <ja.py@farowl.co.uk>

closes gh-97650: correct sphinx executable (gh-97651)

(cherry picked from commit 0179a82caa05a322d1dbab05155be6f919c281ff)

Co-authored-by: NoSuck <NoSuck@users.noreply.github.com>

gh-52597: Add position-only markers for os functions (GH-94735)

(cherry picked from commit c759944f16ed9887a77d5ebd738f17f3892c2476)

Co-authored-by: Stanley <46876382+slateny@users.noreply.github.com>

gh-91212: Fixed flickering when the tracer is turned off (GH-95129)

Fixed flickering when the tracer is turned off.
(cherry picked from commit 4652093e1b816b78e9a585d671a807ce66427417)

Co-authored-by: Shin-myoung-serp <relent95@naver.com>

[3.11] gh-96357: Improve `typing.get_overloads` coverage (GH-96358) (#96371)

gh-96357: Improve `typing.get_overloads` coverage (GH-96358)
(cherry picked from commit 675e3470ccf3804a36a9cd451b813e9bd655aeb3)

Co-authored-by: Nikita Sobolev <mail@sobolevn.me>

gh-97612: Fix shell injection in get-remote-certificate.py (GH-97613)

Fix a shell code injection vulnerability in the
get-remote-certificate.py example script. The script no longer uses a
shell to run "openssl" commands. Issue reported and initial fix by
Caleb Shortt.

Remove the Windows code path to send "quit" on stdin to the "openssl
s_client" command: use DEVNULL on all platforms instead.

Co-authored-by: Caleb Shortt <caleb@rgauge.com>
(cherry picked from commit 83a0f44ffd8b398673ae56c310cf5768d359c341)

Co-authored-by: Victor Stinner <vstinner@python.org>

gh-97616: list_resize() checks for integer overflow (GH-97617)

Fix multiplying a list by an integer (list *= int): detect the
integer overflow when the new allocated length is close to the
maximum size.  Issue reported by Jordan Limor.

list_resize() now checks for integer overflow before multiplying the
new allocated length by the list item size (sizeof(PyObject*)).
(cherry picked from commit a5f092f3c469b674b8d9ccbd4e4377230c9ac7cf)

Co-authored-by: Victor Stinner <vstinner@python.org>

Fix typo in error message in plistlib (GH-97540)

(cherry picked from commit 81b9d9ddc20837ecd19f41b764e3f33d8ae805d5)

Co-authored-by: Jakob Weigert <jakobjw@users.noreply.github.com>

fixup policy docs (GH-97618)

(cherry picked from commit 9a404b173e57ce171a867cfc3776cdf88d6c553f)

Co-authored-by: Kumar Aditya <59607654+kumaraditya303@users.noreply.github.com>

Fix docs on conditional expression grouping (GH-96447) (GH-97606)

[3.11] gh-65046: Add note about logging from async code. (GH-97602) (GH-97608)

gh-96377: Update asyncio policy doc intro paras to be clear and accurate (GH-97603)

Also fix up some cross-references in the asyncio docs.
(cherry picked from commit cc0f3a10f0ee507d9044ef9036cf3e711c5338a9)

Co-authored-by: C.A.M. Gerlach <CAM.Gerlach@Gerlach.CAM>

gh-96478: Fix new test when run in refleak mode (GH-96615)

./python.exe -m test -R : test.test_typing would fail, apparently
because the dictionary used in the @patch decorator was modified.
(cherry picked from commit f0d9136c69b4ed32bfb3096f926da098623a7072)

Co-authored-by: Jelle Zijlstra <jelle.zijlstra@gmail.com>

gh-73588: Fix generation of the default name of tkinter.Checkbutton. (GH-97547)

Previously, checkbuttons in different parent widgets could have the same
short name and share the same state if arguments "name" and "variable" are
not specified. Now they are globally unique.
(cherry picked from commit adbed2d542a815b8175db965742211856b19b52f)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

gh-96959: Update more HTTP links (GH-97536)

Use HTTPS for documents which are available by both HTTP and HTTPS
links, but there is no redirection from HTTP to HTTPS or vice versa.
(cherry picked from commit dd53b79de0ea98af6a11481217a961daef4e9774)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

gh-97545: Make Semaphore run faster. (GH-97549)

(cherry picked from commit 68c46ae68b6e0c36a12e37285fff9ce0782ed01e)

Co-authored-by: Cyker Way <cykerway@gmail.com>

GH-65046: Fix docs about logging in `asyncio` (GH-97559)

Explain that logging should not use network I/O.
(cherry picked from commit d68c37c0d08542a346a13b150a204208bb0408f5)

Co-authored-by: Kumar Aditya <59607654+kumaraditya303@users.noreply.github.com>

gh-96848: Fix -X int_max_str_digits option parsing (GH-96988)

Fix command line parsing: reject "-X int_max_str_digits" option with
no value (invalid) when the PYTHONINTMAXSTRDIGITS environment
variable is set to a valid limit.
(cherry picked from commit 41351662bcd21672d8ccfa62fe44d72027e6bcf8)

Co-authored-by: Victor Stinner <vstinner@python.org>

gh-82530: Create blank function instead of invalid import for email example (GH-97529)

Co-authored-by: Terry Jan Reedy <tjreedy@udel.edu>
(cherry picked from commit 2b428a1faed88f148ede131e3b86ab6227c6c3f0)

Co-authored-by: Stanley <46876382+slateny@users.noreply.github.com>

gh-97519: Synchronize links in other copies of HISTORY OF THE SOFTWARE (GH-97520)

HTTP links in the "HISTORY OF THE SOFTWARE" section of Doc/license.rst
were converted to HTTPS in f62ff97f31a775cc7956adeae32c14e7c85bdc15.
But there were other copies of these links, which were left HTTP links.
(cherry picked from commit ea4be278fa6123d1f78c1fd556d79b311cd59f96)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

gh-94808: Coverage: Test uppercase string literal prefixes (GH-95925)

(cherry picked from commit f00383ec9bb9452fd9d5f5003f123e68fc4a71d8)

Co-authored-by: Michael Droettboom <mdboom@gmail.com>

gh-96052: codeop: fix handling compiler warnings in incomplete input (GH-96132)

Previously codeop.compile_command() emitted compiler warnings (SyntaxWarning or
DeprecationWarning) and raised a SyntaxError for incomplete input containing
a potentially incorrect code. Now it always returns None for incomplete input
without emitting any warnings.
(cherry picked from commit 426d72e7ddb0af5cf851914ac75127186dd1ff04)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

gh-96959: Update HTTP links which are redirected to HTTPS (GH-96961)

(cherry picked from commit db39050396a104c73d0da473a2f00a62f9dfdfaa)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

gh-97527: IDLE: protect macosx Tk() call when no GUI (GH-97530)

Only call tkinter.tk and its follow-up code in _init_tk_type when requires('gui')
does not raise.  This function can be called as an unintended side-effect of
calling other idlelib code as part of tests on macOS without a GUI enabled.
(cherry picked from commit 9704f8da333a51da32318f16106d45abb20fab76)

Co-authored-by: Terry Jan Reedy <tjreedy@udel.edu>

gh-96965: Update Windows release to libffi 3.4.3 (GH-97512)

(cherry picked from commit f1cca801f50a92c0affede6bc22c3c1ec211358d)

Co-authored-by: Steve Dower <steve.dower@python.org>

gh-94781: Fix Windows projects not cleaning intermediate and output files for frozen modules (GH-96423)

(cherry picked from commit 3e26de3c1f24bf0810eaaf7d75a4332775870e78)

Co-authored-by: Charlie Zhao <zhaoyu_hit@qq.com>

gh-77171: Document that wave only supports simple PCM files (GH-97510)

gh-75608: Add Windows FAQ entry for missing UCRT (GH-92765)

(cherry picked from commit 80bc7d7c0a3f777da244ec79429baf382523b8da)

Co-authored-by: Stanley <46876382+slateny@users.noreply.github.com>

gh-96761: Fix build process of the clang compiler for _bootstrap_python (gh-96945)

Co-authored-by: Matthias Goergens <matthias.goergens@gmail.com>
(cherry picked from commit 83d84e67cd203cc75687152e57572895f56245fa)

Co-authored-by: Dong-hee Na <donghee.na@python.org>

gh-96397: Document that keywords in calls need not be identifiers (GH-96393)

This represents the official SC stance, see
https://github.com/python/steering-council/issues/142GH-issuecomment-1252172695
(cherry picked from commit 9d432b4a181cd42017699de4354e7b36c5b87d88)

Co-authored-by: Jeff Allen <ja.py@farowl.co.uk>

GH-85760: Fix race in calling process_exited callback too early (GH-97009)

(cherry picked from commit 282edd7b2a74c4dfe1bfe3c5b1d30f9c21d554d6)

Co-authored-by: Kumar Aditya <59607654+kumaraditya303@users.noreply.github.com>

GH-96975: Skip incomplete frames in PyEval_GetFrame (GH-97018)

(cherry picked from commit 8fd2c3b75b90c4ee391894aa5094615bbdb6242f)

Co-authored-by: Brandt Bucher <brandtbucher@microsoft.com>

gh-90155: Fix bug in asyncio.Semaphore and strengthen FIFO guarantee (GH-93222)

The main problem was that an unluckily timed task cancellation could cause
the semaphore to be stuck. There were also doubts about strict FIFO ordering
of tasks allowed to pass.

The Semaphore implementation was rewritten to be more similar to Lock.
Many tests for edge cases (including cancellation) were added.
(cherry picked from commit 24e03796248ab8c7f62d715c28156abe2f1c0d20)

Co-authored-by: Cyker Way <cykerway@gmail.com>

Remove a stray DISPATCH() (GH-97004)

gh-97005: Update libexpat from 2.4.7 to 2.4.9 (gh-97006)

Co-authored-by: Gregory P. Smith [Google] <greg@krypto.org>
(cherry picked from commit 10e3d398c31cc1695752fc52bc6ca2ce9ef6237e)

Co-authored-by: Dong-hee Na <donghee.na@python.org>

[3.11] gh-96954: Add tests for unicodedata.name/lookup (GH-96955) (GH-96991)

They were undertested, and since GH-96954 might involve a
rewrite of this part of the code we want to ensure that
there won't be any behavioral change.

Co-authored-by: Carl Friedrich Bolz-Tereick <cfbolz@gmx.de>
(cherry picked from commit 5a32eeced2c537c13613dd4ff5b2767a37037294)

Co-authored-by: Batuhan Taskaya <isidentical@gmail.com>

gh-81039: Add small example of f-string's "=}" to tutorial (gh-92291) (gh-96989)

(cherry picked from commit 4b81139aac3fa11779f6eedb6e621bde29e64b30)

Co-authored-by: Stanley <46876382+slateny@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Stanley <46876382+slateny@users.noreply.github.com>

gh-90808: add more examples to `test_sched.test_priority` (GH-31144)

(cherry picked from commit 57463d43dc4277a1f4d33bd003567e947c937cf5)

Co-authored-by: Nikita Sobolev <mail@sobolevn.me>

gh-95950: Add a test for both `csv.Dialect` and `kwargs` (GH-95951)

(cherry picked from commit 1c01bd28a0ec7e46e570a07d970c590b1809f8f1)

Co-authored-by: Nikita Sobolev <mail@sobolevn.me>

gh-96478: Test `@overload` on C functions (GH-96479)

Co-authored-by: Alex Waygood <Alex.Waygood@Gmail.com>
(cherry picked from commit f177f6f29b069f522a0b3ba44eaae19852b6d2b0)

Co-authored-by: Nikita Sobolev <mail@sobolevn.me>

[Enum] fix typos (GH-96285)

(cherry picked from commit 58882640d631b0be0d81156928de97c2b3556f45)

Co-authored-by: wim glenn <wim.glenn@gmail.com>

gh-95591: [Enum] use `_FlagTests` base class (GH-96475)

(cherry picked from commit 9b58eaf98c0a47235c8822e208c938a36b66ff7b)

Co-authored-by: Nikita Sobolev <mail@sobolevn.me>

[3.11] GH-95921: Fix positions for some chained comparisons (GH-96968) (GH-96973)

(cherry picked from commit dfc73b57247aac575c83055d960c03bdc28b51fd)

Automerge-Triggered-By: GH:brandtbucher

GH-96864: Check for error between line and opcode events (GH-96880)

(cherry picked from commit c10e33ac119d96c4d88d5ae8b59e65a76ae0ad3c)

Co-authored-by: Brandt Bucher <brandtbucher@microsoft.com>

[3.11] gh-96727: Document restrictions on Handler.emit() with respect to locking. (GH-96948) (GH-96950)

(cherry picked from commit 6ad47b41a650a13b4a9214309c10239726331eb8)

gh-96387: take_gil() resets drop request before exit (#96869) (#96941)

At Python exit, sometimes a thread holding the GIL can wait forever
for a thread (usually a daemon thread) which requested to drop the
GIL, whereas the thread already exited. To fix the race condition,
the thread which requested the GIL drop now resets its request before
exiting.

take_gil() now calls RESET_GIL_DROP_REQUEST() before
PyThread_exit_thread() if it called SET_GIL_DROP_REQUEST to fix a
race condition with drop_gil().

Issue discovered and analyzed by Mingliang ZHAO.

(cherry picked from commit 04f4977f508583954ad7b9cb09076ee1e57461f8)

gh-96917: link to typing.readthedocs.io from typing.rst (GH-96921)

See the discussion at https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/91533
(cherry picked from commit 5b3a2569f4b4dfb58a8f90a241f9dac1a7ea4bf6)

Co-authored-by: Shantanu <12621235+hauntsaninja@users.noreply.github.com>

gh-95913: Copyedit, link & format Typing Features section in 3.11 What's New (GH-96097)

Co-authored-by: Ezio Melotti <ezio.melotti@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Alex Waygood <Alex.Waygood@Gmail.com>
(cherry picked from commit 558768ff22e47582ae95ad7c3f8955407934916e)

Co-authored-by: C.A.M. Gerlach <CAM.Gerlach@Gerlach.CAM>