bpo-44860: Update test_sysconfig for posix_user platlib (GH-28235) (GH-28251)

Update test_sysconfig.test_user_similar() for the posix_user scheme:
"platlib" doesn't use sys.platlibdir.
(cherry picked from commit 49acac00c08838d8080ce00d02c05284b94f8fb2)

Co-authored-by: Victor Stinner <vstinner@python.org>

bpo-45118: Fix regrtest second summary for re-run tests (GH-28183) (GH-28214)

Fix regrtest second summary when using -w/--verbose2 command line
option: lists re-run tests in the second test summary.
(cherry picked from commit c4ea45d7d2c02674db2fdb96c7eee89324d2dc64)

Co-authored-by: Victor Stinner <vstinner@python.org>

[3.10] [codemod] Fix non-matching bracket pairs (GH-28473) (GH-28511)

Co-authored-by: Terry Jan Reedy <tjreedy@udel.edu>
Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Łukasz Langa <lukasz@langa.pl>
(cherry picked from commit 8f943ca25732d548cf9f0b0393ba8d582fb93e29)

Co-authored-by: Mohamad Mansour <66031317+mohamadmansourX@users.noreply.github.com>

[doc] Clarify exception in `multiprocessing.cpu_count` (GH-23660) (GH-28433)

Previous wording didn't explain the slightly unintuitive behavior.

Co-authored-by: kj <28750310+Fidget-Spinner@users.noreply.github.com>
(cherry picked from commit 24dbe30f8df80740704db3743d071b3218d1276e)

Co-authored-by: Emmanuel Arias <eamanu@yaerobi.com>

bpo-42038: fix description of returned list of lines (GH-27529) (GH-28428)

(cherry picked from commit aca0e08c5dcc11a8011697331931cde0b21270f2)

Co-authored-by: andrei kulakov <andrei.avk@gmail.com>

[doc] Add a missing apostrophe in a code example in venv.rst (GH-28391) (GH-28425)

(cherry picked from commit d22a700091af35ce52db0b1fbb02115bb6efbb1f)

Co-authored-by: Arkaprabha Chakraborty <chakrabortyarkaprabha998@gmail.com>

bpo-45217: adds note that `allow_no_value` in `configparser` is optional (GH-28396) (GH-28418)

Co-authored-by: Łukasz Langa <lukasz@langa.pl>
(cherry picked from commit cb07838ab756564988b1ffd23871f1222a832446)

Co-authored-by: Nikita Sobolev <mail@sobolevn.me>

Fix typo and add a module prefix (GH-28401)

(cherry picked from commit 80d9ff16483b6c1898bcdcc811b5450b57a5e573)

Co-authored-by: Raymond Hettinger <rhettinger@users.noreply.github.com>

docs: correct references to __isub__ etc (GH-28297)

(cherry picked from commit 800bd01b6d365156403c3dde61765dc5fdbf64be)

Co-authored-by: David Hewitt <1939362+davidhewitt@users.noreply.github.com>

bpo-45089: Improve sqlite3 trace callback docs (GH-28238) (GH-28371)

- Add link to str object and sqlite3 transaction control
- Mention that exceptions are not propagated
(cherry picked from commit 51056b40e711d84692d099ac8970077b33c7fafd)

Co-authored-by: Erlend Egeberg Aasland <erlend.aasland@innova.no>

bpo-9811: [doc] strftime handling of unsupported format specifiers is platform dependent (GH-28264) (GH-28277)

(cherry picked from commit e86bcfa58080f152f242c756f625f4015671f168)

Co-authored-by: Irit Katriel <1055913+iritkatriel@users.noreply.github.com>

bpo-44964: Correct the note about the f_lasti field (GH-28208) (GH-28276)

(cherry picked from commit ab327f2929589407595a3de95727c8ab34ddd4af)

Co-authored-by: Pablo Galindo Salgado <Pablogsal@gmail.com>

bpo-45024 and bpo-23864: Document how interface testing works with the collections ABCs (GH-28218) (GH-28266)

Fix small mistake in fileinput documentation (GH-28241)

(cherry picked from commit 5afb570d2e21d4c4e91802c4948569302f9c1a7b)

Co-authored-by: Jean-Abou-Samra <37271310+Jean-Abou-Samra@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.10] Fix minor typo in Doc/c-api/type.rst (GH-28432) (GH-28440)

retreived-> retrieved
(cherry picked from commit af08f1ba40505bf1380c08b57ba4e0b8969a8358)

Co-authored-by: Konstantin Popov <konst.hardy@gmail.com>
Automerge-Triggered-By: GH:Fidget-Spinner

bpo-45198: __set_name__ documentation not clear about its usage with non-descriptor classes (GH-28439)

(cherry picked from commit 94b462686b7dfabbd69cc9401037d736d71c4dc2)

Co-authored-by: Raymond Hettinger <rhettinger@users.noreply.github.com>

Docs: Clarify the before_and_after() example (GH-28458) (#28464)

(cherry picked from commit fcbf9b176b1190301c760a921601c6488ef8b070)

Co-authored-by: Raymond Hettinger <rhettinger@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Raymond Hettinger <rhettinger@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.10] bpo-45246: Document that sorted() only uses "<" comparisons (GH-28494) (GH-28502)

(cherry picked from commit 9a0dcc5b2e04d9c51350107734f12a1cbc0284a7)

Co-authored-by: Raymond Hettinger <rhettinger@users.noreply.github.com>

bpo-45216: Remove extraneous method docs from `difflib` (GH-28445) (GH-28505)

(cherry picked from commit 06e1773c8d8fe375423bb7fcf5922b49bc737b75)

Co-authored-by: Nikita Sobolev <mail@sobolevn.me>

Fix legacy logging module URL (GH-28528)

The URL listed in the `logging` docs for the original `logging` module leads to a 404. I managed to find the new location for the page and updated the URL.

Automerge-Triggered-By: GH:vsajip
(cherry picked from commit 8492b729ae97737d22544f2102559b2b8dd03a03)

Co-authored-by: Sean Leavey <SeanDS@users.noreply.github.com>

bpo-43760: Document PyThreadState.use_tracing removal (GH-28527) (GH-28529)

(cherry picked from commit f4ccb79d52ee726d58bbb038ea98b4deec52001d)

Co-authored-by: Victor Stinner <vstinner@python.org>

bpo-41203: Replace Mac OS X and OS X with macOS (GH-28515) (GH-28523)

Replace old names when they refer to actual versions of macOS.
Keep historical names in references to older versions.

Co-authored-by: Patrick Reader <_@pxeger.com>
(cherry picked from commit 36122e18148c5b6c78ebce1d36d514fd7cf250f5)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

[docs] Update documentation for `multiprocessing.get_start_method` (GH-18170) (GH-28533)

(cherry picked from commit af90b5498b8c6acd67b50fdad007d26dfd1c5823)

Co-authored-by: Sam Sneddon <me@gsnedders.com>

bpo-30951: Correct co_names docstring in inspect module (GH-2743) (GH-28543)

(cherry picked from commit 3f8b23f8ddab75d9b77a3997d54e663187e12cc8)

Co-authored-by: Alex Vig <jalexvig@gmail.com>

bpo-38623: Add note about site module (site-packages) (GH-16974) (GH-28536)

(cherry picked from commit 55b45bf707c6c8084db259fe2f8aa08e84ea0d99)

Co-authored-by: Peter Bittner <django@bittner.it>

bpo-45277: Fix typo in codecs doc (GH-28555)

encoding => encode
(cherry picked from commit 4c0fc65cd8a6d4c18330505576ccd4b46abeec1c)

Co-authored-by: Terry Jan Reedy <tjreedy@udel.edu>

[doc] fix minor typo for argparse (GH-28451)

"A JSONDecodeError" instead of "An JSONDecodeError".
(cherry picked from commit db0133f98dd42d0fb82a7675bde175cec51bb860)

Co-authored-by: Louis Sautier <sautier.louis@gmail.com>

[3.10] [docs] Improve the markup of powers (GH-28598) (GH-28607)

(cherry picked from commit 4f05f15d7b25ef8b690cb94fdc4c8cb5521a4e27)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

[3.10] bpo-45307: Restore private C API function _PyImport_FindExtensionObject() (GH-28594)

py2exe and PyOxidizer rely on this API.
It will be removed in Python 3.11.

Co-authored-by: Pablo Galindo Salgado <Pablogsal@gmail.com>

bpo-43914: Correctly highlight SyntaxError exceptions for invalid generator expression in function calls (GH-28576)

(cherry picked from commit e5f13ce5b48b551c09fdd0faeafa6ecf860de51c)

Co-authored-by: Pablo Galindo Salgado <Pablogsal@gmail.com>

[3.10] bpo-43914: What's New 3.10: add new SyntaxError attributes (GH-28558) (GH-28562)

Co-authored-by: Ken Jin <28750310+Fidget-Spinner@users.noreply.github.com>
(cherry picked from commit 71f8ff45c62bd6b792919ac7c3804a8628ae12cb)

Co-authored-by: Terry Jan Reedy <tjreedy@udel.edu>

bpo-45234: Fix FileNotFound exception raised instead of IsADirectoryError in shutil.copyfile() (GH-28421) (GH-28508)

This was a regression from fixing BPO-43219.
(cherry picked from commit b7eac52b466f697d3e89f47508e0df0196a98970)

Co-authored-by: andrei kulakov <andrei.avk@gmail.com>

bpo-45128: fixes `test_multiprocessing_fork` mysterious crash (GH-28387)

(cherry picked from commit 1d42408495402b06ecae91420735aeff454be6b5)

Co-authored-by: Nikita Sobolev <mail@sobolevn.me>

bpo-30637: Improve the docs of ast.parse regarding differences with compile() (GH-28459)

(cherry picked from commit e6d05a4092b4176a30d1d1596585df13c2ab676d)

Co-authored-by: Pablo Galindo Salgado <Pablogsal@gmail.com>

bpo-45121: Fix RecursionError when calling Protocol.__init__ from a subclass' __init__ (GH-28206) (GH-28232)

(cherry picked from commit c11956a8bddd75f02ccc7b4da7e4d8123e1f3c5f)

Co-authored-by: Yurii Karabas <1998uriyyo@gmail.com>

bpo-44640: Improve punctuation consistency in isinstance/issubclass error messages (GH-27144) (GH-28436)

Co-authored-by: Łukasz Langa <lukasz@langa.pl>
(cherry picked from commit f4813388b4506b2fafb0089848c5b11cd503758c)

Co-authored-by: wyz23x2 <52805709+wyz23x2@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: wyz23x2 <52805709+wyz23x2@users.noreply.github.com>

bpo-45193: News for IDLE PR_28343 (GH-28348)

(cherry picked from commit 9d76d28867c28bcc881b851547a9cd7ac003ae88)

Co-authored-by: Terry Jan Reedy <tjreedy@udel.edu>

bpo-45193: Restore IDLE completion boxes on Ubuntu (GH-28343)

The line that should not have been needed on macOS tk 8.6.8 but was,
should not be a problem on Ubuntu, but is.  It is not needed on macOS
tk 8.6.11, installed with 3.10.  Disable it but leave it for
now in case some system needs it.
(cherry picked from commit 1afc7b3219b24c951bb4e6b7e1ead904228de074)

Co-authored-by: Terry Jan Reedy <tjreedy@udel.edu>

bpo-4356: Mention the new key arguments for the bisect module APIs in the 3.10 What's new (GH-28339) (GH-28340)

(cherry picked from commit 1aaa85949717e4ab2ed700e58762f0a3ce049a37)

Co-authored-by: Pablo Galindo Salgado <Pablogsal@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Pablo Galindo Salgado <Pablogsal@gmail.com>

Fix minor typo in 3.10.rst (GH-28253) (GH-28259)

(cherry picked from commit 73668541357caa813e7daa8792fab6fdf755a07f)

Co-authored-by: D.Lintin <diantolintin3@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: D.Lintin <diantolintin3@gmail.com>

Remove documentation for non-existing socket class attributes (GH-28029)

The functions in question are available on the module-level only.
(cherry picked from commit 34d82ce7cb82a8f5e2e83417d66d9aa319f3bb69)

Co-authored-by: Matti Picus <matti.picus@gmail.com>

bpo-24888: Clarify subprocess.check_call propagates exceptions if unable to start process (GH-28018)

(cherry picked from commit 19a304ba990481f0381a5316096b6b3cf2dff381)

Co-authored-by: DonnaDia <37962843+DonnaDia@users.noreply.github.com>

Add more itertool recipes (GH-28165)

(cherry picked from commit 750368cbcd20393026f3bf695195f1a2cba490b5)

Co-authored-by: Raymond Hettinger <rhettinger@users.noreply.github.com>

bpo-45104: Clarify when __init__ is called (GH-28210)

(cherry picked from commit fa15df77f02ba4a66ba0b71989381a426038be01)

Co-authored-by: Raymond Hettinger <rhettinger@users.noreply.github.com>

Post 3.10.0rc2

Python 3.10.0rc2

bpo-45123: PyAiter_Check and PyObject_GetAiter fix & rename. (GH-28194) (GH-28199)

Fix PyAiter_Check to only check for the `__anext__` presense (not for
`__aiter__`). Rename `PyAiter_Check()` to `PyAIter_Check()`,
`PyObject_GetAiter()` -> `PyObject_GetAIter()`.

bpo-44964: Add a note explaining the new semantics of f_last_i in frame objects (GH-28200)

(cherry picked from commit fa2c0b85a8d5c9486661083afdf38cbaadb3432a)

Co-authored-by: Pablo Galindo Salgado <Pablogsal@gmail.com>

bpo-44860: Make sysconfig posix_user not depend on platlibdir (GH-27655) (GH-28197)

(cherry picked from commit a5c6bcf24479934fe9c5b859dd1cf72685a0003a)

Co-authored-by: Tzu-ping Chung <uranusjr@gmail.com>

bpo-44963: Implement send() and throw() methods for anext_awaitable objects (GH-27955)

Co-authored-by: Yury Selivanov <yury@edgedb.com>
(cherry picked from commit 533e725821b15e2df2cd4479a34597c1d8faf616)

Co-authored-by: Pablo Galindo Salgado <Pablogsal@gmail.com>

Update idlelib/help.html to include idle.rst spelling fix (GH-28191)

The idle.rst fix was GH-27903 two weeks ago.
(cherry picked from commit f05ad9202896f21ca9717f5c9f4b933b7f5b6550)

Co-authored-by: Terry Jan Reedy <tjreedy@udel.edu>

Fix typo in a comment in Modules/_ssl.c: s/validata/validate/ (GH-27993) (GH-27997)

(cherry picked from commit 28db1f61f20352c02e4ae1518e5aeb6505df3045)

bpo-45052: Unskips a failing `test_shared_memory_basics` test (GH-28182)

(cherry picked from commit 19871fce3b74fc3f37e334a999e00d0ef65a8f1e)

Co-authored-by: Nikita Sobolev <mail@sobolevn.me>

More useful OrderedDict LRU recipes (GH-28164)

(cherry picked from commit c860d30fa055ada336c75157b488c7baafb5bdad)

Co-authored-by: Raymond Hettinger <rhettinger@users.noreply.github.com>

Check that 'configure' is generated by GNU Autoconf 2.69 (GH-28152) (GH-28155)

(cherry picked from commit 6beaf2ffaecd92955c5b3c579f184cbecc222636)

bpo-45102: unittest: add tests for skipping and errors in cleanup (GH-28166)

(cherry picked from commit 28264269de9ff88d9ee7110fc56ac2d2db275bec)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

bpo-44571:  Add itertool recipe for a variant of takewhile() (GH-28167)

(cherry picked from commit 91be41ad933e24bff26353a19f56447e17fb6367)

Co-authored-by: Raymond Hettinger <rhettinger@users.noreply.github.com>

bpo-45042: Now test classes decorated with `requires_hashdigest` are not skipped (GH-28060)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>
(cherry picked from commit dd7b816ac87e468e2fa65ce83c2a03fe1da8503e)

Co-authored-by: Nikita Sobolev <mail@sobolevn.me>

bpo-45030: Fix integer overflow in __reduce__ of the range iterator (GH-28000)

It happened with fast range iterator  when the calculated stop = start + step * len
was out of the C long range.
(cherry picked from commit 936f6a16b9ef85bd56b18a247b962801e954c30e)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

[3.10] bpo-45097: Add more tests for shutdown_asyncgens() (GH-28154) (GH-28159)

* bpo-45097: Add more tests for shutdown_asyncgens() (GH-28154)
(cherry picked from commit c2970fdec52788b6d9ff419ab7e31f255d87433d)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

Add What's New for dataclass keyword-only parameters. (GH-28158) (GH-28163)

(cherry picked from commit a1ba3597d2d2dd5e5d73f42b1174ab5e0a2cd224)

Co-authored-by: Eric V. Smith <ericvsmith@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Eric V. Smith <ericvsmith@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.10] Regenerate autoconf files with version 2.69 (GH-28151)

[3.10] bpo-45060: Get rid of few uses of the equality operators with None (GH-28087). (GH-28092)

(cherry picked from commit 3c65457156d87e55010507d616b4eecb7a02883d)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

bpo-42255: Update webbrowser doc for macOS (GH-28144)

bpo-45081: Fix __init__ method generation when inheriting from Protocol (GH-28121)

Co-authored-by: Ken Jin <28750310+Fidget-Spinner@users.noreply.github.com>
(cherry picked from commit 0635e201beaf52373f776ff32702795e38f43ae3)

Co-authored-by: Yurii Karabas <1998uriyyo@gmail.com>

[doc] Reword sentinel object summary in dataclasses (GH-27792)

This sentinel value (`MISSING`) is also used as default value for the `kw_only` parameter introduced in Python 3.10. It's cleaner to simply omit the usage here.

Co-authored-by: Łukasz Langa <lukasz@langa.pl>
(cherry picked from commit 767a17f35a581da664ac8cf5d67281da9485eebf)

Co-authored-by: Ville Korhonen <ville@xd.fi>

[3.10] [doc] Link to deprecation policy PEP from the DeprecationWarning documentation (GH-28123) (#28126)

(cherry picked from commit a7ef15aae8608560bffeeaba412c10e52cab07dd)

Co-authored-by: Łukasz Langa <lukasz@langa.pl>

bpo-40360: [doc] Rephrase deprecation note about lib2to3 (GH-28122)

(cherry picked from commit f0b63d5b56a6324f5f86807d9548c7b38aa2a8f7)

Co-authored-by: Łukasz Langa <lukasz@langa.pl>

bpo-45057: Simplify RegressionTestResult (GH-28081) (GH-28101)

Remove code which duplicates the functionality of TextTestResult.
(cherry picked from commit 2b76a5322fdf71d62b531fd765085f96f981c244)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

bpo-45059: Add module cleanup to IDLE test_macosx (GH-28102)

(cherry picked from commit 22fe0eb13c3441b71b60aaea0e7fe289a29783da)

Co-authored-by: Terry Jan Reedy <tjreedy@udel.edu>

bpo-45039: Consistently use ADDOP_LOAD_CONST in compiler rather than ADDOP_O(c, LOAD_CONST,...) (GH-28015)

(cherry picked from commit 70ccee418d1f9d34ed15cfe7104221f9cfd27d03)

Co-authored-by: Irit Katriel <1055913+iritkatriel@users.noreply.github.com>

bpo-45059: Fix IDLE test typo: using "==" instead of "=" (GH-28086)

(cherry picked from commit 54f100514b02f6628450043e21ccfe39350d7ac7)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

bpo-44135: [docs] Fix inline markup (GH-28095)

(cherry picked from commit 9a7ec2fcdee2da9e080ca459d4c240776df72567)

Co-authored-by: Ken Jin <28750310+Fidget-Spinner@users.noreply.github.com>

bpo-45061: Enhance faulthandler traceback wit no Python frame (GH-28090)

Fix indentation of <no Python frame> message in a faulthandler
traceback or a Fatal Python error traceback. Example:

Current thread 0x00007f03896fb740 (most recent call first):
  Garbage-collecting
  <no Python frame>
(cherry picked from commit 888d4cc06b887e77f281ba4d640e281cb4c61b7b)

Co-authored-by: Victor Stinner <vstinner@python.org>

bpo-44135: Refine explanation of how passing tuples to issubclass() behaves (GH-26193)

Co-authored-by: Zachary Kneupper <zachary.kneupper@gmail.com>
(cherry picked from commit 08767c73b5bf1f28792d5fef7f41d52822a4989f)

Co-authored-by: Zack Kneupper <zachary.kneupper@gmail.com>

bpo-44925: [docs] Fix confusing deprecation notice for typing.IO (GH-28004)

(cherry picked from commit edae42f99f8153b92ccf365dbd1c2fa954f913b4)

Co-authored-by: DonnaDia <37962843+DonnaDia@users.noreply.github.com>

bpo-43913: Fix bugs in cleaning up classes and modules in unittest. (GH-28006)

* Functions registered with addModuleCleanup() were not called unless
  the user defines tearDownModule() in their test module.
* Functions registered with addClassCleanup() were not called if
  tearDownClass is set to None.
* Buffering in TestResult did not work with functions registered
  with addClassCleanup() and addModuleCleanup().
* Errors in functions registered with addClassCleanup() and
  addModuleCleanup() were not handled correctly in buffered and
  debug modes.
* Errors in setUpModule() and functions registered with
  addModuleCleanup() were reported in wrong order.
* And several lesser bugs.
(cherry picked from commit 08d9e597c8ef5a2b26375ac954fdf224f5d82c3c)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

bpo-41620: TestCase.run() now always return a TestResult instance (GH-28030)

Previously it returned None if the test class or method was
decorated with a skipping decorator.

Co-authored-by: Iman Tabrizian <iman.tabrizian@gmail.com>
(cherry picked from commit 7e246a3a7b43762480ee4fe0cfb859e8e997a8c8)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

bpo-44449: faulthandler don't modify frame refcnt (GH-27850)

Fix a crash in the signal handler of the faulthandler module: no
longer modify the reference count of frame objects.

[3.10] bpo-45007: Update to OpenSSL 1.1.1l in Windows build and CI (GH-28009) (GH-28039)

(cherry picked from commit d3bdbbf9a4352a24fc2bfc7a63a024b244b61aba)

Co-authored-by: Steve Dower <steve.dower@python.org>

bpo-45007: Update multissl to openssl 1.1.1l as well (GH-28044)

This was missed while upgrading CI.
(cherry picked from commit d6cb5dd9e19210f5963ff8beadde7ca2fda71574)

Co-authored-by: Łukasz Langa <lukasz@langa.pl>

bpo-44689: ctypes.util.find_library() now finds macOS 11+ system libraries when built on older macOS systems (GH-27251)

Previously, when built on older macOS systems, `find_library` was not able to find macOS system libraries when running on Big Sur due to changes in how system libraries are stored.
(cherry picked from commit 71853a73024a98aa38a3c0444fe364dbd9709134)

Co-authored-by: Tobias Bergkvist <tobias@bergkv.ist>

bpo 45007: Update macOS installer builds to use OpenSSL 1.1.1l. (GH-28051)

(cherry picked from commit 94b2639fad50d7ff8acd12c11e5fe5f9a6e1da5c)

Co-authored-by: Ned Deily <nad@python.org>

bpo-43124: Fix smtplib multiple CRLF injection (GH-25987)

Co-authored-by: Łukasz Langa <lukasz@langa.pl>
(cherry picked from commit 0897253f426068ea6a6fbe0ada01689af9ef1019)

Co-authored-by: Miguel Brito <5544985+miguendes@users.noreply.github.com>

bpo-44394: Update libexpat copy to 2.4.1 (GH-26945)

Update the vendored copy of libexpat to 2.4.1 (from 2.2.8) to get the
fix for the CVE-2013-0340 "Billion Laughs" vulnerability. This copy
is most used on Windows and macOS.

Co-authored-by: Łukasz Langa <lukasz@langa.pl>
(cherry picked from commit 3fc5d84046ddbd66abac5b598956ea34605a4e5d)

Co-authored-by: Victor Stinner <vstinner@python.org>

bpo-42278: Use tempfile.TemporaryDirectory rather than tempfile.mktemp in pydoc (GH-23200)

Co-authored-by: Łukasz Langa <lukasz@langa.pl>
(cherry picked from commit c9227df5a9d8e958a2324cf0deba8524d1ded26a)

Co-authored-by: E-Paine <63801254+E-Paine@users.noreply.github.com>

bpo-25130: Make SQLite tests more compatible with PyPy (GH-28021)

(cherry picked from commit 07d3d54f4e84b1259b800884b202701f69e408d8)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

bpo-25130: Make unit-test about restricting the maximum number of nested blocks cpython-only (GH-28002) (GH-28016)

PyPy and potentially other implementations have different or no
contraints on the number of blocks that can be statically nested. move
the test that checks for this behaviour into a unit test and mark it as
CPython-only.
(cherry picked from commit eb263f9a356f5c5f21b8d5ce20bac92f31c40cad)

Co-authored-by: Carl Friedrich Bolz-Tereick <cfbolz@gmx.de>

[3.10] bpo-27334: roll back transaction if sqlite3 context manager fails to commit (GH-26202) (GH-27943)

bpo-44524: Fix cryptic TypeError message when trying to subclass special forms in `typing` (GH-27710)

This was a Python 3.9 regression.
(cherry picked from commit a3a4d20d6798aa2975428d51f3a4f890248810cb)

Co-authored-by: Yurii Karabas <1998uriyyo@gmail.com>

bpo-45018: Fix rangeiter_reduce in rangeobject.c (GH-27938)

Co-authored-by: Łukasz Langa <lukasz@langa.pl>
(cherry picked from commit 94a3d2a6329ab7941e93ad2f5bcbb8af2b8b80d2)

Co-authored-by: chilaxan <chilaxan@gmail.com>

bpo-44962: Fix a race in WeakKeyDict, WeakValueDict and WeakSet when two threads attempt to commit the last pending removal (GH-27921)

Fixes:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/graingert/projects/asyncio-demo/demo.py", line 36, in <module>
    sys.exit(main())
  File "/home/graingert/projects/asyncio-demo/demo.py", line 30, in main
    test_all_tasks_threading()
  File "/home/graingert/projects/asyncio-demo/demo.py", line 24, in test_all_tasks_threading
    results.append(f.result())
  File "/usr/lib/python3.10/concurrent/futures/_base.py", line 438, in result
    return self.__get_result()
  File "/usr/lib/python3.10/concurrent/futures/_base.py", line 390, in __get_result
    raise self._exception
  File "/usr/lib/python3.10/concurrent/futures/thread.py", line 52, in run
    result = self.fn(*self.args, **self.kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.10/asyncio/runners.py", line 47, in run
    _cancel_all_tasks(loop)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.10/asyncio/runners.py", line 56, in _cancel_all_tasks
    to_cancel = tasks.all_tasks(loop)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.10/asyncio/tasks.py", line 53, in all_tasks
    tasks = list(_all_tasks)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.10/_weakrefset.py", line 60, in __iter__
    with _IterationGuard(self):
  File "/usr/lib/python3.10/_weakrefset.py", line 33, in __exit__
    w._commit_removals()
  File "/usr/lib/python3.10/_weakrefset.py", line 57, in _commit_removals
    discard(l.pop())
IndexError: pop from empty list

Also fixes:
Exception ignored in: weakref callback <function WeakKeyDictionary.__init__.<locals>.remove at 0x00007fe82245d2e0>
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/pypy3/lib-python/3/weakref.py", line 390, in remove
    del self.data[k]
KeyError: <weakref at 0x00007fe76e8d8180; dead>
Exception ignored in: weakref callback <function WeakKeyDictionary.__init__.<locals>.remove at 0x00007fe82245d2e0>
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/pypy3/lib-python/3/weakref.py", line 390, in remove
    del self.data[k]
KeyError: <weakref at 0x00007fe76e8d81a0; dead>
Exception ignored in: weakref callback <function WeakKeyDictionary.__init__.<locals>.remove at 0x00007fe82245d2e0>
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/pypy3/lib-python/3/weakref.py", line 390, in remove
    del self.data[k]
KeyError: <weakref at 0x000056548f1e24a0; dead>

See: https://github.com/agronholm/anyio/issues/362GH-issuecomment-904424310
See also: https://bugs.python.org/issue29519

Co-authored-by: Łukasz Langa <lukasz@langa.pl>
(cherry picked from commit 206b21ed9f64fedff67bfea7cf73e423e3e32393)

Co-authored-by: Thomas Grainger <tagrain@gmail.com>

bpo-45022: Pin current libffi build to fixed version in preparation for upcoming update (GH-27982)

Also improve the build script for libffi, which is not used as part of the regular build.
(cherry picked from commit 969ae7f7356584e30667b4e490ffa2ffa1810429)

Co-authored-by: Steve Dower <steve.dower@python.org>

bpo-44997: macOS does not support loadable SQLite extensions (GH-27979)

Authored-by: Ronald Oussoren <ronaldoussoren@mac.com>
(cherry picked from commit 2ec9428e3516b6e7c6583687aa3b39fb96925577)

Co-authored-by: Erlend Egeberg Aasland <erlend.aasland@innova.no>

bpo-40635: Fix getfqdn() docstring and docs (GH-27971)

Co-authored-by: Łukasz Langa <lukasz@langa.pl>
(cherry picked from commit fdcb675eed47b1f6054fae381af4388b16a6fff4)

Co-authored-by: andrei kulakov <andrei.avk@gmail.com>

bpo-45001: Make email date parsing more robust against malformed input (GH-27946)

Various date parsing utilities in the email module, such as
email.utils.parsedate(), are supposed to gracefully handle invalid
input, typically by raising an appropriate exception or by returning
None.

The internal email._parseaddr._parsedate_tz() helper used by some of
these date parsing routines tries to be robust against malformed input,
but unfortunately it can still crash ungracefully when a non-empty but
whitespace-only input is passed. This manifests as an unexpected
IndexError.

In practice, this can happen when parsing an email with only a newline
inside a ‘Date:’ header, which unfortunately happens occasionally in the
real world.

Here's a minimal example:

    $ python
    Python 3.9.6 (default, Jun 30 2021, 10:22:16)
    [GCC 11.1.0] on linux
    Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
    >>> import email.utils
    >>> email.utils.parsedate('foo')
    >>> email.utils.parsedate(' ')
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
      File "/usr/lib/python3.9/email/_parseaddr.py", line 176, in parsedate
        t = parsedate_tz(data)
      File "/usr/lib/python3.9/email/_parseaddr.py", line 50, in parsedate_tz
        res = _parsedate_tz(data)
      File "/usr/lib/python3.9/email/_parseaddr.py", line 72, in _parsedate_tz
        if data[0].endswith(',') or data[0].lower() in _daynames:
    IndexError: list index out of range

The fix is rather straight-forward: guard against empty lists, after
splitting on whitespace, but before accessing the first element.
(cherry picked from commit 989f6a3800f06b2bd31cfef7c3269a443ad94fac)

Co-authored-by: wouter bolsterlee <wouter@bolsterl.ee>

bpo-45011: Fix test_asyncio without C module _asyncio (GH-27968)

Co-authored-by: Łukasz Langa <lukasz@langa.pl>
(cherry picked from commit 7dc505b8655b3e48b93a4274dfd26e5856d9c64f)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

bpo-45000: Raise SyntaxError when try to delete __debug__ (GH-27947) (GH-27957)

(cherry picked from commit 551da597a0996b0fb3af425f48aa5bc63ea6b963)

[3.10] bpo-45000: Update whatsnews about deleting __debug__ (GH-27956) (GH-27958)

(cherry picked from commit c764dfbcbc12c4653fc8ab39773cf973c9db2757)

Co-authored-by: Dong-hee Na <donghee.na@python.org>

bpo-45003: Change __div__ to __truediv__ in py3 language reference. (GH-27951) (GH-27963)

(cherry picked from commit 806e25fd3173a80021e6df87b81263b5f6056f38)

Co-authored-by: Objectivitix <79152594+Objectivitix@users.noreply.github.com>