[3.13] gh-137376: Add note on top-level `global` declarations (GH-137707) (#138022)

(cherry picked from commit 9f05f98730bbc36f4ad173845458827c4df879f6)

Co-authored-by: Petr Viktorin <encukou@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Brian Schubert <brianm.schubert@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-136006: fix `Py_NAN` expansion on Solaris systems (GH-136575) (#138734)

On Solaris, `Py_NAN` may expand as a function address instead of a floating-point number.
This amends commit 7a3b03509e5e3e72d8c47137579cccb52548a318.
(cherry picked from commit d54b1091d43b9d8f0da0ba081565bccca3f138fd)

[3.13] gh-138008: Fix segfaults in _ctypes due to invalid argtypes (GH-138285) (#138746)

(cherry picked from commit 1ce05537a3ebaf1e5c54505b2272d61bb6cf5de0)

Signed-off-by: Nguyen Viet Dung <29406816+magnified103@users.noreply.github.com>
Signed-off-by: Nguyen Viet Dung <dung@ekluster.com>
Co-authored-by: Dung Nguyen <dung@ekluster.com>
Co-authored-by: blurb-it[bot] <43283697+blurb-it[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Yongzi Li <204532581+Yzi-Li@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] Make Android streams respect the unbuffered (`-u`) option (GH-138806) (#139110)

Android pipes stdout/stderr to the log, which means every write to the log
becomes a separate log line. As a result, most practical uses of stdout/stderr
should be buffered; but it doesn't hurt to preserve unbuffered handling in case
it's useful.
(cherry picked from commit 0ac377ff23672ae7e2451f4cdfbe37c4efd464e7)

Co-authored-by: Malcolm Smith <smith@chaquo.com>

[3.13] gh-138871: Clarify NameError exception in 'del' (GH-138881) (#138904)

(cherry picked from commit 481588ad4ccd2aff7ca3bac43379da0ce3b1c6d5)

Co-authored-by: Kian Eliasi <kian.elbo@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-138998: Upgrade vendored expat to 2.7.2 (GH-138999) (#139025)

(cherry picked from commit 64c876dd6812ade19cb7a0c619111d30f0b2b860)

Co-authored-by: Stan Ulbrych <89152624+StanFromIreland@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Gregory P. Smith <greg@krypto.org>

[3.13] GH-139067: Add example for `argparse`'s `append` action (GH-131389) (#139069)

GH-139067: Add example for `argparse`'s `append` action (GH-131389)
(cherry picked from commit 101fd33065638c94f413447a7bcff09d54831a4a)

Co-authored-by: Moshe Kaplan <mosheekaplan@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-138736: Fix sqlite3.Connection.blobopen 'row' parameter type and naming (#138738) (#139063)

The 'row' parameter represents a ROWID. Clarify this in docs and docstrings.

(cherry picked from commit 8eb106240f5d70baeabd4ad137de6213dd8cfb30)

Co-authored-by: chiri <chirizxc@proton.me>

[3.13] gh-134466: Don't run when termios is inaccessible (GH-138911) (GH-139030)

Without the ability to set required capabilities, the REPL cannot
function properly (syntax highlighting and multiline editing can't
work).

We refuse to work in this degraded state.
(cherry picked from commit 2fc7004d5437e7bb0a1f5b962be441ef0ee7434b)

[3.13] gh-132558: Improve `argparse` docs on combining `type` and `choices` (GH-133827) (#139058)

gh-132558: Improve `argparse` docs on combining `type` and `choices` (GH-133827)
(cherry picked from commit dd0840bf67e194ab64f340b8a7fbda24cb25e177)

Co-authored-by: Hans Then <hans.then@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Savannah Bailey <savannahostrowski@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-129368: In PyRun C API docs, clarify what a "start token" is (GH-129935) (#139043)

(cherry picked from commit e1eca8b308a585af45e9ebf4f605c9f67b7115d8)

Co-authored-by: Rajhans Jadhao <rajhans.jadhao@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-135629: rewrite language reference section on except* to improve clarity (GH-136150) (#139060)

gh-135629: rewrite language reference section on except* to improve clarity (GH-136150)
(cherry picked from commit a651ec95241c25161d525499a739f01bfe527895)

Co-authored-by: Irit Katriel <1055913+iritkatriel@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-137988: Fix const description in argparse.add_argument() docs (GH-138315) (#139052)

Co-authored-by: PrinceNaroliya <naroliyaprince@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Savannah Bailey <savannahostrowski@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-138952:  Document platform.machine() output casing inconsistency across platforms (GH-138962) (#139046)

(cherry picked from commit dd15a2e11ea5d16ad42050a2723dec0e400ea394)

Co-authored-by: Aniket <148300120+Aniketsy@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: AN Long <aisk@users.noreply.github.com>

gh-138896: Fix error installing C runtime on non-updated Windows machines (GH-138932)

(cherry picked from commit 76b22978bcca4a9607523ba36b9c04ec3ba119bd)

Co-authored-by: adang1345 <adang1345@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-139006: Doc: Clarify html.escape function description (GH-139016) (#139037)

gh-139006: Doc: Clarify html.escape function description (GH-139016)
(cherry picked from commit 81c975bcfc1ac0533f9489a37e501ad5d3bdb4eb)

Doc: Clarify html.escape function description (GH-139006)

Co-authored-by: PrinceNaroliya <naroliyaprince@gmail.com>

Adds support for building with VisualStudioVersion = 18.0 (GH-138980)

(cherry picked from commit 6920fa4bcddad4abb46a3ae40e16f13566d6cf26)

Co-authored-by: Steve Dower <steve.dower@python.org>

[3.13] Synced docs and docstring  for `sysconfig.get_platform` (GH-135530) (#138975)

(cherry picked from commit 01cc53295cca6834de77be79368c25b890bab8fc)

Co-authored-by: ivan <ivandietert@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Mikhail Efimov <efimov.mikhail@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Ned Deily <nad@python.org>

[3.13] gh-138966: Add description for `gi_suspended` attribute (GH-139008) (GH-139019)

gh-138966: Add description for `gi_suspended` attribute (GH-139008)
(cherry picked from commit c025576a8f0822ec42527e80eb7a02700316d100)

Co-authored-by: Donghoon Nam <54799053+codenamenam@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-135329: prevent infinite traceback loop on Ctrl-C for strace (#138974)

Signed-off-by: yihong0618 <zouzou0208@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: dura0ok <slpmcf@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: graymon <greyschwinger@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Bénédikt Tran <10796600+picnixz@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Łukasz Langa <lukasz@langa.pl>
(cherry picked from commit b9dbf6acb34fd407d52899a6c154a1c57c9a424b)

[3.13] gh-138163: skip failures if tests are run with `SCHED_BATCH` on glibc (GH-138576) (GH-138819)

(cherry picked from commit 492941459acb5b5a104d96414288601d2e2b7e6f)

This backport omits SCHED_DEADLINE, which was added in 3.14.

---------

Co-authored-by: jxes993409 <68891412+jxes993409@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Petr Viktorin <encukou@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-128636: Fix crash in PyREPL when os.environ is overwritten with an invalid value for macOS (GH-138089) (GH-138942)

Signed-off-by: yihong0618 <zouzou0208@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Bénédikt Tran <10796600+picnixz@users.noreply.github.com>
(cherry picked from commit 8ef7735c536e0ffe4a60224e59b7587288f53e9e)

[3.13] gh-137490: Fix signal.sigwaitinfo() on NetBSD (GH-137523) (GH-138936)

Handle ECANCELED in the same way as EINTR to work around the Posix
violation in the NetBSD's implementation.
(cherry picked from commit 07d0b95b05dfaf5832f44c2fbc956761f9e29571)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-131189: Fix "msvcrt" import warning on Linux when "_ctypes" is not available. (GH-131201) (GH-138934)

gh-131189: Fix "msvcrt" import warning on Linux when "_ctypes" is not available. (GH-131201)

Fix "msvcrt" import warning on Linux when "_ctypes" is not available.

On Linux, compiling without "libffi" causes a
"No module named 'msvcrt'" warning when launching PyREPL.
(cherry picked from commit f320c951c3220aa6727b581216463e8b3f8bcd6b)

Co-authored-by: Dzmitry Plashchynski <plashchynski@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-138779: Use the dev_t converter for st_rdev (GH-138780) (GH-138927)

This allows to support device numbers larger than 2**63-1.
(cherry picked from commit 43013f72f0aadc5ee428aa5bdf6d949b4e79779a)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-137017: Ensure `Thread.is_alive()` only returns False after the underlying OS thread exits (gh-137315) (gh-138917)

(cherry picked from commit aa9ceb17215af21ed6618d6f7ccb5bf57ca57101)

Co-authored-by: Abdul <abdulrasheedibrahim47@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Sam Gross <colesbury@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-138902: Fix generator send arg name (GH-138905) (#138913)

gh-138902: Fix generator send arg name (GH-138905)
(cherry picked from commit cb07bd24eed43a0ac182e664398398164089f294)

Co-authored-by: Marat Khagazheev <marathagazeev@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: marat <khagazheev@artlebedev.ru>

[3.13] gh-138669: Increase test coverage for difflib (GH-138670) (#138818)

gh-138669: Increase test coverage for difflib (GH-138670)
(cherry picked from commit 44991619ba04a98c5878ee5bbc38d2e47cbd22c7)

Co-authored-by: Jan-Eric Nitschke <47750513+JanEricNitschke@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-71648: Optimize PNG files (GH-138842) (#138852)

* Only keep > 1 kb savings
(cherry picked from commit 2e8f64c9317a327a2be1ab8031844ef3967c1040)

[3.13] gh-71810: Fix _PyLong_AsByteArray() undefined behavior (GH-138873) (#138884)

gh-71810: Fix _PyLong_AsByteArray() undefined behavior (GH-138873)

Don't read p[-1] when p is an empty string: when n==0.
(cherry picked from commit 8b5ce31c2b44d9bf82e6119e90a52dd530bfd1db)

Co-authored-by: Victor Stinner <vstinner@python.org>

[3.13] gh-138005: Document that CSV `skipinitialspace=True` and `delimiter=' '` require quotation for empty fields (GH-138006) (#138799)

Co-authored-by: Maurycy Pawłowski-Wieroński <5383+maurycy@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-138479: Ensure that `__typing_subst__` returns a tuple (GH-138482) (GH-138786)

* gh-138479: Ensure that `__typing_subst__` returns a tuple (GH-138482)

Raise an exception if __typing_subst__ returns a non-tuple object.

(cherry picked from commit 1da989be74eaa94590ec28e750e5352de1ead227)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-71810: Fix corner case (length==0) for int.to_bytes() (GH-138739) (#138783)

gh-71810: Fix corner case (length==0) for int.to_bytes() (GH-138739)

```pycon
>>> (0).to_bytes(0, 'big', signed=True)
b''
>>> (-1).to_bytes(0, 'big', signed=True)  # was b''
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<python-input-0>", line 1, in <module>
    (-1).to_bytes(0, 'big', signed=True)
    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
OverflowError: int too big to convert
```
(cherry picked from commit 011179a79a0d7b93ce074b25b0819e96b6dd3315)

Co-authored-by: Sergey B Kirpichev <skirpichev@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-138432: Improved invalid path checking in zoneinfo.reset_tzpath() (GH-138433) (GH-138778)

* Improve error messages for path-like relative paths and path-like bytes paths.
* TZPATH is now always a tuple of strings.
(cherry picked from commit 859aecc33b82f45e5b7ae30138d28f2a2f33a575)

Co-authored-by: Stephen Morton <git@tungol.org>

[3.13] gh-134163: Fix an infinite loop when the process runs out of memory in a `try` block (GH-138491)

Signed-off-by: yihong0618 <zouzou0208@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Peter Bierma <zintensitydev@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-138744: GitHub Actions: pin to `windows-2022` (GH-138743) (#138753)

[3.13] gh-138729: Cover `inspect.formatannotationrelativeto` with tests (GH-138730) (#138748)

(cherry picked from commit f5fa336579d124e389b1c36a5431e7908aaf5e53)

[3.13] gh-90548: Skip NODEV portion of test_makedev when linked to musl (GH-138713)

(cherry picked from commit bbe00d53e9f598b012470cf077357cbbcbee737f)

[3.13] Add impl-detail block for PyLong_FromLong docs (GH-126422) (#138695)

Add impl-detail block for PyLong_FromLong docs (GH-126422)
(cherry picked from commit fd2e3d163340a29fc3ad1e9be3289fee64979dbd)

Co-authored-by: Sergey B Kirpichev <skirpichev@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Brian Schubert <brianm.schubert@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-137242: Add a --no-randomize option, and use it in Android CI (GH-138649) (#138685)

Adds a --no-randomize option to the CI runner, so that randomisation can be easily
disabled for --fast-ci and --slow-ci configurations on single-threaded testing platforms
like Android, iOS, and Emscripten.

---------
(cherry picked from commit 01895d233b4370e0c99f16c01a57cfd73c434b28)

Co-authored-by: Victor Stinner <vstinner@python.org>
Co-authored-by: Malcolm Smith <smith@chaquo.com>

[3.13] gh-126631: gh-137996: fix pre-loading of `__main__` (GH-135295) (#138609)

gh-126631: gh-137996: fix pre-loading of `__main__`

The `main_path` parameter was renamed `init_main_from_name`, update the
forkserver code accordingly.  This was leading to slower startup times when people
were trying to preload the main module.

---------
(cherry picked from commit 0912b3a6dbd226bea79eb8d70d5a06230804d4cb)

Co-authored-by: Duane Griffin <duaneg@dghda.com>

[3.13] gh-107194: Improved language of list.index in tutorial (gh-138518) (#138528)

Co-authored-by: Ric <11750904+ricsatjr@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-138659: Typo in the gc module docstring (GH-138660) (#138663)

gh-138659: Typo in the gc module docstring (GH-138660)

docs(gc): fix typo in get_threshold() docstring

Removes a duplicate "the" from the docstring for the `gc.get_threshold()` function.
(cherry picked from commit c006a623e73d2368ec653e19c769706885161053)

Co-authored-by: Aalaap Dey <65075436+axdeyy@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-138644: Update c-api docs of `PyInterpreterState` about PEP-684 (GH-138651) (#138658)

gh-138644: Update c-api docs of `PyInterpreterState` about PEP-684 (GH-138651)
(cherry picked from commit 4f0c267b40e52b83b2e1515aa0dd74eda31ae18a)

Co-authored-by: sobolevn <mail@sobolevn.me>
Co-authored-by: Peter Bierma <zintensitydev@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-105487: Fix `__dir__` entries of `GenericAlias` (GH-138578) (#138640)

(cherry picked from commit b0420b505e6c9bbc8418e0f6240835ea777137b5)

Co-authored-by: Emma Smith <emma@emmatyping.dev>

[3.13] gh-138584: Increase test coverage for `collections.UserList` (GH-138590) (#138611)

gh-138584: Increase test coverage for `collections.UserList` (GH-138590)

Some common tests in `test.list_tests.CommonTest` explicitly tested `list`
instead of testing the underlying list-like type defined in `type2test`.

---------
(cherry picked from commit d7b9ea5cab984497526fcc0b988e4eb5988c1e88)

Co-authored-by: dbXD320 <devanshbaghla320@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Devansh Baghla <devanshbaghla34@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-138556: Fix old link in gc docs  (#138596)

[3.13] gh-118981: multiprocessing.popen_spawn_posix, fix potential hang (gh-118982) (#138606)

gh-118981: multiprocessing.popen_spawn_posix, fix potential hang (gh-118982)

fix potential hang.

It can happen that the child crashes right in the beginning for whatever reason. In this case, the parent will hang when writing into the pipe, because the child fd is not closed yet.

The normal pattern is to close the child fds right after the child proc is forked/executed/spawned, so when the child dies, then also the pipes will be closed, and there will be no hang (the parent gets SIGPIPE instead).
(cherry picked from commit 8ed5a2b56cc6a8635e586c641b0b837669f6677b)

Co-authored-by: Albert Zeyer <albzey@gmail.com>

[3.13] fix comment reference from man 7 signal to man 7 signal-safety (GH-138554) (#138595)

fix comment reference from man 7 signal to man 7 signal-safety (GH-138554)
(cherry picked from commit 2f5ace780ba3880ce07c4aacbda08ebba36e3b4d)

docs: fix comment reference from man 7 signal to man 7 signal-safety

Co-authored-by: mqudah <mohghq@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-116946: fully implement GC protocol for `_curses_panel.panel` (GH-138333) (#138428)

[3.14] gh-116946: fully implement GC protocol for `_curses_panel.panel` (GH-138333)

This commit fixes possible reference loops via `panel.set_userptr`
by implementing `tp_clear` and `tp_traverse` for panel objects.
(cherry picked from commit 572df47840d910b9fc9cd951074232ae89442be1)

[3.13] GH-138465: Improve documentation for common sequence methods (GH-138474) (#138567)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-137985: Correct description of Formatter's datefmt param in logging documentation (GH-138530) (GH-138566)

(cherry picked from commit 83688950490f26d098a462569201ef8e94378852)
Co-authored-by: W. H. Wang <mattwang44@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-138010: Fix `__init_subclass__` forwarding by `warnings.deprecated` (GH-138210) (#138564)

(cherry picked from commit e2c038f5be2df39a7b06364dec0836a25c423b67)

[3.13] gh-138307: Update the Ellipsis documentation (GH-138306) (#138439)

(cherry picked from commit 88665de120d7f89e18774b136f3c898bcfe52c7b)

Co-authored-by: Adorilson Bezerra <adorilson@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Stan Ulbrych <89152624+StanFromIreland@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Éric <merwok@netwok.org>
Co-authored-by: Ned Batchelder <ned@nedbatchelder.com>

[3.13] gh-88375, gh-111788: Fix parsing errors and normalization in robotparser (GH-138502) (GH-138549)

* Don't fail trying to parse weird patterns.
* Don't fail trying to decode non-UTF-8 "robots.txt" files.
* No longer ignore trailing "?" in patterns and URLs.
* Distinguish raw special characters "?", "=" and "&" from the
  percent-encoded ones.
* Remove tests that do nothing.
(cherry picked from commit cb7ef18d70a0bc1363799e2dfa475db457155e43)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-138515: Include email module in Emscripten build (gh-138520) (gh-138534)

gh-138515: Include email module in Emscripten build (gh-138520)
(cherry picked from commit d1d84098f6ac408ef36f1a85a4bc80d857d0f4ff)

Co-authored-by: Gyeongjae Choi <def6488@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-138286: Run ``ruff`` on ``Tools/i18n`` (GH-138287) (#138524)

* [3.13] gh-138286: Run ``ruff`` on ``Tools/i18n`` (GH-138287)
(cherry picked from commit 78acd8e95e78bc410b8207cd60e1323ece01b3d5)

Co-authored-by: Stan Ulbrych <89152624+StanFromIreland@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Tomas R. <tomas.roun8@gmail.com>
* Commit

* Commit

---------

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Tomas R. <tomas.roun8@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-138516: fix typo in OrderedDict exception msg (GH-138517) (#138522)

gh-138516: fix typo in OrderedDict exception msg (GH-138517)
(cherry picked from commit e9c2a357fba72e46e965ecaa54e78be69c6c5d6b)

Co-authored-by: asas1asas200 <asas1asas200@gmail.com>

[3.13] Docs: Fix typo in `os.fwalk()` example (GH-138486) (GH-138501)

Docs: Fix typo in `os.fwalk()` example (GH-138486)
(cherry picked from commit 849a80ec412c36bbca5d400a7db5645b8cf54f1f)

Co-authored-by: William Andrea <22385371+wjandrea@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-95844: Move help_url code to a help module function (GH-129971) (#138485)

gh-95844: Move help_url code to a help module function (GH-129971)

---------
(cherry picked from commit 3b4cd885634abc029b409cb566e8d9a530d061f8)

Co-authored-by: Stan Ulbrych <89152624+StanFromIreland@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Terry Jan Reedy <tjreedy@udel.edu>

[3.13] GH-101100: Resolve reference warnings in whatsnew/3.10.rst (GH-138408) (#138481)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] GH-101100: Resolve reference warnings in whatsnew/3.5.rst (GH-138412) (#138460)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Hugo van Kemenade <1324225+hugovk@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] Fix Windows path in `venv` docs (GH-138478)

(cherry picked from commit f8d9cb140726a0167c9f733c706b834a7d273476)

[3.13] gh-138281: Run `ruff` on `Tools/peg_generator` (GH-138282) (#138472)

(cherry picked from commit 0d1f4e163990cb7e08b21d1fd88ff54bac5b0699)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-72249: Correct wording of GH-101910 blurb (GH-138471)

This incidentally corrects a reST issue reported by Daniel Nylander from the Swedish translation.

(cherry picked from commit 007bc5fc623c632b13bc0c818bbb31db3dce83a9)

[3.13] GH-101100: Resolve reference warnings in using/windows.rst (#138416) (#138463)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] GH-101100: Resolve reference warnings in whatsnew/3.4.rst (GH-138413) (#138444)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Hugo van Kemenade <1324225+hugovk@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] GH-101100: Resolve reference warnings in whatsnew/3.6.rst (GH-138411) (#138456)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Hugo van Kemenade <1324225+hugovk@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-60462: Fix locale.strxfrm() on Solaris (GH-138242) (GH-138449)

It should interpret the result of wcsxfrm() as a sequence of abstract
integers, not a sequence of Unicode code points or using other encoding
scheme that does not preserve ordering.
(cherry picked from commit 482fd0c811a366f25bd076fc73bf37ffb6b3081e)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

[3.13] GH-101100: Resolve reference warnings in extending/extending.rst (GH-138417) (#138447)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] GH-101100: Resolve reference warnings in whatsnew/2.7.rst (GH-138415) (#138442)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Hugo van Kemenade <1324225+hugovk@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] GH-101100: Resolve reference warnings in whatsnew/3.8.rst (GH-138409) (#138438)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Hugo van Kemenade <1324225+hugovk@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] GH-101100: Resolve reference warnings in whatsnew/3.3.rst (GH-138414) (#138436)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-138204: Forbid expansion of a shared anonymous mmap on Linux (GH-138220) (GH-138387)

This is a Linux kernel bug which caused a bus error.
https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=8691
(cherry picked from commit 33fcb0c4a054f646d9d3686c145209a893b09bb0)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

[3.13] GH-101100: Resolve reference warnings in whatsnew/3.7.rst (GH-138410) (#138424)

GH-101100: Resolve reference warnings in whatsnew/3.7.rst (GH-138410)

Resolve reference warnings in whatsnew/3.7.rst
(cherry picked from commit dd86fb4ba5a9db1c1e7293917af68d0cf0ddeaaf)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-101100: Resolve reference warnings in library/xml.sax.handler.rst (GH-136612) (#138422)

Co-authored-by: Weilin Du <108666168+LamentXU123@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] Doc: Track file downloads via plausible (GH-138393) (#138397)

Co-authored-by: Jacob Coffee <jacob@z7x.org>
Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-136599: Add tests for long_hash (GH-138335) (#138391)

gh-136599: Add tests for long_hash (GH-138335)
(cherry picked from commit 2d3711dc06657e072a83b580636cbb0009658636)

Co-authored-by: Pieter Eendebak <pieter.eendebak@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Sergey B Kirpichev <skirpichev@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-138297 Point link in docs for `finally` to try/else, instead of if/else (GH-138298) (#138382)

Co-authored-by: James Parrott <80779630+JamesParrott@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Brian Schubert <brianm.schubert@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+aa-turner@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-89905: Correct `-R` option doc (GH-137608) (#138354)

gh-89905: Correct `-R` option doc (GH-137608)
(cherry picked from commit b3ff3165d2c935fdda7c5bb1e69314372e1cf84c)

Co-authored-by: Stan Ulbrych <89152624+StanFromIreland@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-54874: Expand unicodedata module documentation (GH-138301) (#138345)

* gh-54874: Expand unicodedata module documentation (GH-138301)

Closes GH-54874
(cherry picked from commit 0d383f86eec97b343457ee1ce1d274f6b3d9ce6c)

Co-authored-by: Stan Ulbrych <89152624+StanFromIreland@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Alexander Belopolsky <abalkin@users.noreply.github.com>
* Changes links to UCD 15.0.0

---------

Co-authored-by: Stan Ulbrych <89152624+StanFromIreland@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Alexander Belopolsky <abalkin@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-116946: Revert GC protocol for immutable empty heap types (GH-138322, GH-138323, GH-138326) (#138337)

* Revert "[3.13] gh-116946: fully implement GC protocol for `bz2` objects (GH-138266) (#138322)"

This reverts commit 90036f51fe4bb2eed0e5161f26712cf08e1563d2.

* Revert "[3.13] gh-116946: fully implement GC protocol for `lzma` objects (GH-138288) (#138323)"

This reverts commit 828682df868217788cda695a21bb63635f6fadc7.

* Revert "[3.13] gh-116946: fully implement GC protocol for `_hashlib` objects (GH-138289) (#138326)"

This reverts commit 21b593219ad5cf444553afaebe12ff9137d4d55e.

[3.13] gh-116946: fully implement GC protocol for `zlib` objects (GH-138290) (#138328)

(cherry picked from commit 2a54acf3c3d9f388c3d878a17ea804a801affca9)

[3.13] gh-116946: fully implement GC protocol for `_hashlib` objects (GH-138289) (#138326)

(cherry picked from commit 6f1dd9551a69c8c76d066a04e94db6dbc6c7597c)

[3.13] gh-116946: fully implement GC protocol for `lzma` objects (GH-138288) (#138323)

(cherry picked from commit 3ea16f990f81e1e3b2892f1dfd213937b1df2a68)

[3.13] gh-116946: fully implement GC protocol for `bz2` objects (GH-138266) (#138322)

(cherry picked from commit 9be91f6a20ed2fd9b491c3e779dc45c7392f60ca)

[3.13] gh-138295: Fix a grammar issue in the descriptor HOWTO (GH-138296) (GH-138300)

gh-138295: Fix a grammar issue in the descriptor HOWTO (GH-138296)

"an str" -> "a str"
(cherry picked from commit 552cf86b83e8aafebcfe9abbc77101bdbfda14c8)

Co-authored-by: Fangyi Zhou <me@fangyi.io>

[3.13] gh-133829: Remove some specifics from the ``zipimport`` example (GH-133835) (#138273)

Co-authored-by: R Chintan Meher <meherrihaan@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Peter Bierma <zintensitydev@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: sobolevn <mail@sobolevn.me>
Co-authored-by: Stan Ulbrych <89152624+StanFromIreland@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-138158: Use the `"data"` tarfile extraction filter in `Tools/ssl/multissltests.py` (GH-138147) (#138263)

gh-138158: Use the `"data"` tarfile extraction filter in `Tools/ssl/multissltests.py` (GH-138147)

The `Tools/ssl/multissltests.py` script may extract a possibly untrusted tarball.
Since the script does not necessarily use Python 3.14 or later (where the `"data"`
filter became the default `tarfile` extraction filter), the user may theoretically
suffer from a path traversal attack.

Although the script should not be used in production and usually relies on downloading
trusted sources, the `"data"` extraction filter is now explicitly used wherever relevant.
(cherry picked from commit 31d3836f26096f9503ca68f4e89d927bc1e060cd)

Co-authored-by: Tommaso Bona <piergeolo@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-138257: Fix internal `RuleCollectorVisitor` attribute name (GH-138208) (#138260)

gh-138257: Fix internal `RuleCollectorVisitor` attribute name (GH-138208)

The internal `RuleCollectorVisitor` class had an attribute named "rulses"
instead of "rules" that other `GrammarVisitor` subclasses define.
(cherry picked from commit 11217a883da324b85a290f5d78f090d8f4880f16)

Co-authored-by: chemelnucfin <3982092+chemelnucfin@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-123858: Improve Doc: SyntaxWarning is emitted during bytecode generation (gh-138243)

---------
(cherry picked from commit 5f7906715adea645d8141d5337851872cfca4381)

Co-authored-by: Hang <bebound@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Alyssa Coghlan <ncoghlan@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-137317: Fix inspect.signature() for class with wrapped __init__ or __new__ (GH-137862) (GH-138225)

Fixed several cases where __init__, __new__ or metaclass` __call__ is a descriptor
that returns a wrapped function.
(cherry picked from commit 025a2135eff848abf24f9dc52c81386eea9da397)

Co-authored-by: Ju4tCode <42488585+yanyongyu@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] bpo-41839: Fix error checking in sched_get_priority_ functions (GH-22374) (GH-138202)

(cherry picked from commit bbcb75c986c47887e6c0757e63d59cd7af544f39)

Co-authored-by: Jakub Kulík <Kulikjak@gmail.com>

[3.13] Docs: Fix typo in `shutil.make_archive` example (GH-138188) (GH-138196)

Docs: Fix typo in `shutil.make_archive` example (GH-138188)
(cherry picked from commit f733e428f8d19cb211f24ca7fb8abf65e1f2efed)

Co-authored-by: Andreas Pelme <andreas@pelme.se>

[3.13] gh-71679: Improve tests for repr() of bytes and bytearray (GH-138180) (GH-138183)

* Merge existing tests test_repr_str and test_to_str.
* Add more tests for non-printable and non-ASCII bytes.
* Add tests for special escape sequences ('\t\n\r').
* Add tests for slashes.
* Add more tests for quotes.
* Add tests for subclasses.
* Add test for non-ASCII class name.
* Only apply @check_bytes_warnings for str() tests.
(cherry picked from commit 0dbbf61cc2550428ff99daee367364c688031e1a)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-106318: Add example for `str.find()` (GH-134529) (#138175)

Co-authored-by: Blaise Pabon <blaise@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Hugo van Kemenade <1324225+hugovk@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-137740: Clarify `__del__` invocation mechanism in reference counting (GH-137741) (#138112)

gh-137740: Clarify `__del__` invocation mechanism in reference counting (GH-137741)
(cherry picked from commit 90b932e65080008dfd974b2e03c3068dbb72b95d)

Co-authored-by: Robin Narsingh Ranabhat <robinnarsingha123@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Kumar Aditya <kumaraditya@python.org>

[3.13] enhance docs for critical sections (GH-137334) (#138168)

enhance docs for critical sections (GH-137334)
(cherry picked from commit 5ae8b97f6bdcadd0cc15e0046b0db09e4c6e0d6b)

Co-authored-by: Kumar Aditya <kumaraditya@python.org>

[3.13] gh-138148: Fix grammatical error in the `asynchronous generator iterator` term (GH-138155) (GH-138160)

gh-138148: Fix grammatical error in the `asynchronous generator iterator` term (GH-138155)
(cherry picked from commit 43b113d23dfc5ab28d97fbb7ac94a36b361928d4)

Co-authored-by: Krishna Chaitanya <141550576+XChaitanyaX@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-137609: Update signatures of builtins in the documentation (GH-137610) (GH-138138)

Show signatures that match the actual signatures or future multisignatures
for all functions, classes and methods in the "builtins" module.
(cherry picked from commit 65fb4d11a0f3f3e4aea373bd84918e4445cbfe67)