[3.13] gh-138659: Typo in the gc module docstring (GH-138660) (#138663)

gh-138659: Typo in the gc module docstring (GH-138660)

docs(gc): fix typo in get_threshold() docstring

Removes a duplicate "the" from the docstring for the `gc.get_threshold()` function.
(cherry picked from commit c006a623e73d2368ec653e19c769706885161053)

Co-authored-by: Aalaap Dey <65075436+axdeyy@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-138644: Update c-api docs of `PyInterpreterState` about PEP-684 (GH-138651) (#138658)

gh-138644: Update c-api docs of `PyInterpreterState` about PEP-684 (GH-138651)
(cherry picked from commit 4f0c267b40e52b83b2e1515aa0dd74eda31ae18a)

Co-authored-by: sobolevn <mail@sobolevn.me>
Co-authored-by: Peter Bierma <zintensitydev@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-105487: Fix `__dir__` entries of `GenericAlias` (GH-138578) (#138640)

(cherry picked from commit b0420b505e6c9bbc8418e0f6240835ea777137b5)

Co-authored-by: Emma Smith <emma@emmatyping.dev>

[3.13] gh-138584: Increase test coverage for `collections.UserList` (GH-138590) (#138611)

gh-138584: Increase test coverage for `collections.UserList` (GH-138590)

Some common tests in `test.list_tests.CommonTest` explicitly tested `list`
instead of testing the underlying list-like type defined in `type2test`.

---------
(cherry picked from commit d7b9ea5cab984497526fcc0b988e4eb5988c1e88)

Co-authored-by: dbXD320 <devanshbaghla320@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Devansh Baghla <devanshbaghla34@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-138556: Fix old link in gc docs  (#138596)

[3.13] gh-118981: multiprocessing.popen_spawn_posix, fix potential hang (gh-118982) (#138606)

gh-118981: multiprocessing.popen_spawn_posix, fix potential hang (gh-118982)

fix potential hang.

It can happen that the child crashes right in the beginning for whatever reason. In this case, the parent will hang when writing into the pipe, because the child fd is not closed yet.

The normal pattern is to close the child fds right after the child proc is forked/executed/spawned, so when the child dies, then also the pipes will be closed, and there will be no hang (the parent gets SIGPIPE instead).
(cherry picked from commit 8ed5a2b56cc6a8635e586c641b0b837669f6677b)

Co-authored-by: Albert Zeyer <albzey@gmail.com>

[3.13] fix comment reference from man 7 signal to man 7 signal-safety (GH-138554) (#138595)

fix comment reference from man 7 signal to man 7 signal-safety (GH-138554)
(cherry picked from commit 2f5ace780ba3880ce07c4aacbda08ebba36e3b4d)

docs: fix comment reference from man 7 signal to man 7 signal-safety

Co-authored-by: mqudah <mohghq@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-116946: fully implement GC protocol for `_curses_panel.panel` (GH-138333) (#138428)

[3.14] gh-116946: fully implement GC protocol for `_curses_panel.panel` (GH-138333)

This commit fixes possible reference loops via `panel.set_userptr`
by implementing `tp_clear` and `tp_traverse` for panel objects.
(cherry picked from commit 572df47840d910b9fc9cd951074232ae89442be1)

[3.13] GH-138465: Improve documentation for common sequence methods (GH-138474) (#138567)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-137985: Correct description of Formatter's datefmt param in logging documentation (GH-138530) (GH-138566)

(cherry picked from commit 83688950490f26d098a462569201ef8e94378852)
Co-authored-by: W. H. Wang <mattwang44@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-138010: Fix `__init_subclass__` forwarding by `warnings.deprecated` (GH-138210) (#138564)

(cherry picked from commit e2c038f5be2df39a7b06364dec0836a25c423b67)

[3.13] gh-138307: Update the Ellipsis documentation (GH-138306) (#138439)

(cherry picked from commit 88665de120d7f89e18774b136f3c898bcfe52c7b)

Co-authored-by: Adorilson Bezerra <adorilson@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Stan Ulbrych <89152624+StanFromIreland@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Éric <merwok@netwok.org>
Co-authored-by: Ned Batchelder <ned@nedbatchelder.com>

[3.13] gh-88375, gh-111788: Fix parsing errors and normalization in robotparser (GH-138502) (GH-138549)

* Don't fail trying to parse weird patterns.
* Don't fail trying to decode non-UTF-8 "robots.txt" files.
* No longer ignore trailing "?" in patterns and URLs.
* Distinguish raw special characters "?", "=" and "&" from the
  percent-encoded ones.
* Remove tests that do nothing.
(cherry picked from commit cb7ef18d70a0bc1363799e2dfa475db457155e43)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-138515: Include email module in Emscripten build (gh-138520) (gh-138534)

gh-138515: Include email module in Emscripten build (gh-138520)
(cherry picked from commit d1d84098f6ac408ef36f1a85a4bc80d857d0f4ff)

Co-authored-by: Gyeongjae Choi <def6488@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-138286: Run ``ruff`` on ``Tools/i18n`` (GH-138287) (#138524)

* [3.13] gh-138286: Run ``ruff`` on ``Tools/i18n`` (GH-138287)
(cherry picked from commit 78acd8e95e78bc410b8207cd60e1323ece01b3d5)

Co-authored-by: Stan Ulbrych <89152624+StanFromIreland@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Tomas R. <tomas.roun8@gmail.com>
* Commit

* Commit

---------

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Tomas R. <tomas.roun8@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-138516: fix typo in OrderedDict exception msg (GH-138517) (#138522)

gh-138516: fix typo in OrderedDict exception msg (GH-138517)
(cherry picked from commit e9c2a357fba72e46e965ecaa54e78be69c6c5d6b)

Co-authored-by: asas1asas200 <asas1asas200@gmail.com>

[3.13] Docs: Fix typo in `os.fwalk()` example (GH-138486) (GH-138501)

Docs: Fix typo in `os.fwalk()` example (GH-138486)
(cherry picked from commit 849a80ec412c36bbca5d400a7db5645b8cf54f1f)

Co-authored-by: William Andrea <22385371+wjandrea@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-95844: Move help_url code to a help module function (GH-129971) (#138485)

gh-95844: Move help_url code to a help module function (GH-129971)

---------
(cherry picked from commit 3b4cd885634abc029b409cb566e8d9a530d061f8)

Co-authored-by: Stan Ulbrych <89152624+StanFromIreland@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Terry Jan Reedy <tjreedy@udel.edu>

[3.13] GH-101100: Resolve reference warnings in whatsnew/3.10.rst (GH-138408) (#138481)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] GH-101100: Resolve reference warnings in whatsnew/3.5.rst (GH-138412) (#138460)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Hugo van Kemenade <1324225+hugovk@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] Fix Windows path in `venv` docs (GH-138478)

(cherry picked from commit f8d9cb140726a0167c9f733c706b834a7d273476)

[3.13] gh-138281: Run `ruff` on `Tools/peg_generator` (GH-138282) (#138472)

(cherry picked from commit 0d1f4e163990cb7e08b21d1fd88ff54bac5b0699)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-72249: Correct wording of GH-101910 blurb (GH-138471)

This incidentally corrects a reST issue reported by Daniel Nylander from the Swedish translation.

(cherry picked from commit 007bc5fc623c632b13bc0c818bbb31db3dce83a9)

[3.13] GH-101100: Resolve reference warnings in using/windows.rst (#138416) (#138463)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] GH-101100: Resolve reference warnings in whatsnew/3.4.rst (GH-138413) (#138444)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Hugo van Kemenade <1324225+hugovk@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] GH-101100: Resolve reference warnings in whatsnew/3.6.rst (GH-138411) (#138456)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Hugo van Kemenade <1324225+hugovk@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-60462: Fix locale.strxfrm() on Solaris (GH-138242) (GH-138449)

It should interpret the result of wcsxfrm() as a sequence of abstract
integers, not a sequence of Unicode code points or using other encoding
scheme that does not preserve ordering.
(cherry picked from commit 482fd0c811a366f25bd076fc73bf37ffb6b3081e)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

[3.13] GH-101100: Resolve reference warnings in extending/extending.rst (GH-138417) (#138447)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] GH-101100: Resolve reference warnings in whatsnew/2.7.rst (GH-138415) (#138442)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Hugo van Kemenade <1324225+hugovk@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] GH-101100: Resolve reference warnings in whatsnew/3.8.rst (GH-138409) (#138438)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Hugo van Kemenade <1324225+hugovk@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] GH-101100: Resolve reference warnings in whatsnew/3.3.rst (GH-138414) (#138436)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-138204: Forbid expansion of a shared anonymous mmap on Linux (GH-138220) (GH-138387)

This is a Linux kernel bug which caused a bus error.
https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=8691
(cherry picked from commit 33fcb0c4a054f646d9d3686c145209a893b09bb0)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

[3.13] GH-101100: Resolve reference warnings in whatsnew/3.7.rst (GH-138410) (#138424)

GH-101100: Resolve reference warnings in whatsnew/3.7.rst (GH-138410)

Resolve reference warnings in whatsnew/3.7.rst
(cherry picked from commit dd86fb4ba5a9db1c1e7293917af68d0cf0ddeaaf)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-101100: Resolve reference warnings in library/xml.sax.handler.rst (GH-136612) (#138422)

Co-authored-by: Weilin Du <108666168+LamentXU123@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] Doc: Track file downloads via plausible (GH-138393) (#138397)

Co-authored-by: Jacob Coffee <jacob@z7x.org>
Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-136599: Add tests for long_hash (GH-138335) (#138391)

gh-136599: Add tests for long_hash (GH-138335)
(cherry picked from commit 2d3711dc06657e072a83b580636cbb0009658636)

Co-authored-by: Pieter Eendebak <pieter.eendebak@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Sergey B Kirpichev <skirpichev@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-138297 Point link in docs for `finally` to try/else, instead of if/else (GH-138298) (#138382)

Co-authored-by: James Parrott <80779630+JamesParrott@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Brian Schubert <brianm.schubert@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+aa-turner@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-89905: Correct `-R` option doc (GH-137608) (#138354)

gh-89905: Correct `-R` option doc (GH-137608)
(cherry picked from commit b3ff3165d2c935fdda7c5bb1e69314372e1cf84c)

Co-authored-by: Stan Ulbrych <89152624+StanFromIreland@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-54874: Expand unicodedata module documentation (GH-138301) (#138345)

* gh-54874: Expand unicodedata module documentation (GH-138301)

Closes GH-54874
(cherry picked from commit 0d383f86eec97b343457ee1ce1d274f6b3d9ce6c)

Co-authored-by: Stan Ulbrych <89152624+StanFromIreland@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Alexander Belopolsky <abalkin@users.noreply.github.com>
* Changes links to UCD 15.0.0

---------

Co-authored-by: Stan Ulbrych <89152624+StanFromIreland@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Alexander Belopolsky <abalkin@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-116946: Revert GC protocol for immutable empty heap types (GH-138322, GH-138323, GH-138326) (#138337)

* Revert "[3.13] gh-116946: fully implement GC protocol for `bz2` objects (GH-138266) (#138322)"

This reverts commit 90036f51fe4bb2eed0e5161f26712cf08e1563d2.

* Revert "[3.13] gh-116946: fully implement GC protocol for `lzma` objects (GH-138288) (#138323)"

This reverts commit 828682df868217788cda695a21bb63635f6fadc7.

* Revert "[3.13] gh-116946: fully implement GC protocol for `_hashlib` objects (GH-138289) (#138326)"

This reverts commit 21b593219ad5cf444553afaebe12ff9137d4d55e.

[3.13] gh-116946: fully implement GC protocol for `zlib` objects (GH-138290) (#138328)

(cherry picked from commit 2a54acf3c3d9f388c3d878a17ea804a801affca9)

[3.13] gh-116946: fully implement GC protocol for `_hashlib` objects (GH-138289) (#138326)

(cherry picked from commit 6f1dd9551a69c8c76d066a04e94db6dbc6c7597c)

[3.13] gh-116946: fully implement GC protocol for `lzma` objects (GH-138288) (#138323)

(cherry picked from commit 3ea16f990f81e1e3b2892f1dfd213937b1df2a68)

[3.13] gh-116946: fully implement GC protocol for `bz2` objects (GH-138266) (#138322)

(cherry picked from commit 9be91f6a20ed2fd9b491c3e779dc45c7392f60ca)

[3.13] gh-138295: Fix a grammar issue in the descriptor HOWTO (GH-138296) (GH-138300)

gh-138295: Fix a grammar issue in the descriptor HOWTO (GH-138296)

"an str" -> "a str"
(cherry picked from commit 552cf86b83e8aafebcfe9abbc77101bdbfda14c8)

Co-authored-by: Fangyi Zhou <me@fangyi.io>

[3.13] gh-133829: Remove some specifics from the ``zipimport`` example (GH-133835) (#138273)

Co-authored-by: R Chintan Meher <meherrihaan@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Peter Bierma <zintensitydev@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: sobolevn <mail@sobolevn.me>
Co-authored-by: Stan Ulbrych <89152624+StanFromIreland@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-138158: Use the `"data"` tarfile extraction filter in `Tools/ssl/multissltests.py` (GH-138147) (#138263)

gh-138158: Use the `"data"` tarfile extraction filter in `Tools/ssl/multissltests.py` (GH-138147)

The `Tools/ssl/multissltests.py` script may extract a possibly untrusted tarball.
Since the script does not necessarily use Python 3.14 or later (where the `"data"`
filter became the default `tarfile` extraction filter), the user may theoretically
suffer from a path traversal attack.

Although the script should not be used in production and usually relies on downloading
trusted sources, the `"data"` extraction filter is now explicitly used wherever relevant.
(cherry picked from commit 31d3836f26096f9503ca68f4e89d927bc1e060cd)

Co-authored-by: Tommaso Bona <piergeolo@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-138257: Fix internal `RuleCollectorVisitor` attribute name (GH-138208) (#138260)

gh-138257: Fix internal `RuleCollectorVisitor` attribute name (GH-138208)

The internal `RuleCollectorVisitor` class had an attribute named "rulses"
instead of "rules" that other `GrammarVisitor` subclasses define.
(cherry picked from commit 11217a883da324b85a290f5d78f090d8f4880f16)

Co-authored-by: chemelnucfin <3982092+chemelnucfin@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-123858: Improve Doc: SyntaxWarning is emitted during bytecode generation (gh-138243)

---------
(cherry picked from commit 5f7906715adea645d8141d5337851872cfca4381)

Co-authored-by: Hang <bebound@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Alyssa Coghlan <ncoghlan@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-137317: Fix inspect.signature() for class with wrapped __init__ or __new__ (GH-137862) (GH-138225)

Fixed several cases where __init__, __new__ or metaclass` __call__ is a descriptor
that returns a wrapped function.
(cherry picked from commit 025a2135eff848abf24f9dc52c81386eea9da397)

Co-authored-by: Ju4tCode <42488585+yanyongyu@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] bpo-41839: Fix error checking in sched_get_priority_ functions (GH-22374) (GH-138202)

(cherry picked from commit bbcb75c986c47887e6c0757e63d59cd7af544f39)

Co-authored-by: Jakub Kulík <Kulikjak@gmail.com>

[3.13] Docs: Fix typo in `shutil.make_archive` example (GH-138188) (GH-138196)

Docs: Fix typo in `shutil.make_archive` example (GH-138188)
(cherry picked from commit f733e428f8d19cb211f24ca7fb8abf65e1f2efed)

Co-authored-by: Andreas Pelme <andreas@pelme.se>

[3.13] gh-71679: Improve tests for repr() of bytes and bytearray (GH-138180) (GH-138183)

* Merge existing tests test_repr_str and test_to_str.
* Add more tests for non-printable and non-ASCII bytes.
* Add tests for special escape sequences ('\t\n\r').
* Add tests for slashes.
* Add more tests for quotes.
* Add tests for subclasses.
* Add test for non-ASCII class name.
* Only apply @check_bytes_warnings for str() tests.
(cherry picked from commit 0dbbf61cc2550428ff99daee367364c688031e1a)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-106318: Add example for `str.find()` (GH-134529) (#138175)

Co-authored-by: Blaise Pabon <blaise@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Hugo van Kemenade <1324225+hugovk@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-137740: Clarify `__del__` invocation mechanism in reference counting (GH-137741) (#138112)

gh-137740: Clarify `__del__` invocation mechanism in reference counting (GH-137741)
(cherry picked from commit 90b932e65080008dfd974b2e03c3068dbb72b95d)

Co-authored-by: Robin Narsingh Ranabhat <robinnarsingha123@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Kumar Aditya <kumaraditya@python.org>

[3.13] enhance docs for critical sections (GH-137334) (#138168)

enhance docs for critical sections (GH-137334)
(cherry picked from commit 5ae8b97f6bdcadd0cc15e0046b0db09e4c6e0d6b)

Co-authored-by: Kumar Aditya <kumaraditya@python.org>

[3.13] gh-138148: Fix grammatical error in the `asynchronous generator iterator` term (GH-138155) (GH-138160)

gh-138148: Fix grammatical error in the `asynchronous generator iterator` term (GH-138155)
(cherry picked from commit 43b113d23dfc5ab28d97fbb7ac94a36b361928d4)

Co-authored-by: Krishna Chaitanya <141550576+XChaitanyaX@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-137609: Update signatures of builtins in the documentation (GH-137610) (GH-138138)

Show signatures that match the actual signatures or future multisignatures
for all functions, classes and methods in the "builtins" module.
(cherry picked from commit 65fb4d11a0f3f3e4aea373bd84918e4445cbfe67)

[3.13] Lint: Create a project-wide ``.ruff.toml`` settings file (GH-133124) (#137670)

Co-authored-by: Alex Waygood <Alex.Waygood@Gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Hugo van Kemenade <1324225+hugovk@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-138081: Fix/remove incorrect links in `idlelib/HISTORY.txt` (GH-138091) (#138125)

gh-138081: Fix/remove incorrect links in `idlelib/HISTORY.txt` (GH-138091)
(cherry picked from commit be24ff0b5738365bdc5921689feee9c2c68eebc3)

Co-authored-by: Yongzi Li <204532581+Yzi-Li@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-135261: bring back CI job for testing OpenSSL 1.1.1w (GH-135262) (#138110)

This partially reverts commit ad944b5e1f304be1a8c2cc03e9f15005bcb97108
by bringing back the CI job for testing OpenSSL 1.1.1w. Despite this
version being upstream EOL, the rationale for keeping it as follows:

- It most resembles other 1.1.1-work-a-like ssl APIs supported by important vendors.
- Python officially requires OpenSSL 1.1.1 or later, although OpenSSL 3.0 or later
  is recommended for cryptographic modules. Since changing the build requirements
  requires a transition period, we need to keep testing the allowed versions.
- The code base still contains calls to OpenSSL functions that are deprecated since
  OpenSSL 3.0 as well as `ifdef` blocks constrained to OpenSSL 1.1.1.

(cherry picked from commit 96b7a2eba423b42320f15fd4974740e3e930bb8b)

[3.13] gh-137986: Fix and improve the csv functions docstrings (GH-137987) (GH-138108)

The csv.register_dialect() docstring no longer imply that it returns a
dialect.
All functions have now signatures.
(cherry picked from commit aa1dbd4dde32951de2e7438b56d6761001604ee2)

Co-authored-by: maurycy <5383+maurycy@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-136134: smtplib: fix CRAM-MD5 on FIPS-only environments (GH-136623) (#138087)

(cherry picked from commit 766614f88af0433c2c14f5c4ed11c92d0fb04e61)
(cherry picked from commit ab1bef8ad27ad531a1109cfc016ea627d94f9cc1)

[3.13] gh-136134: imaplib: fix CRAM-MD5 on FIPS-only environments (GH-136615) (#138055)

(cherry picked from commit 4519b8acb5a65df2af69e60b0d8c0a5df5bfb087)

[3.13] gh-137754: Fix import of zoneinfo if _datetime is not available (GH-137845) (GH-138085)

Both modules should use the Python implementation in that case.
(cherry picked from commit 6620ef0ff62dea2632bedf9afa88aa4780a2c9d9)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-133125: Clarify ZipInfo.date_time attribute documentation (GH-136082) (#138076)

gh-133125: Clarify ZipInfo.date_time attribute documentation (GH-136082)

Specifically, clarify that ZipInfo.date_time pulls the datetime information from the central directory, and that times are interpreted as local time.
(cherry picked from commit 282e88506b1d3c2ea2a0fd2fbce6c4e27ddc1c92)

Co-authored-by: Kentaro Jay Takahashi <64148935+KentaroJay@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Emma Smith <emma@emmatyping.dev>

[3.13] gh-91116: Add hyperlink from `sys.settrace` to frame objects (GH-138062) (GH-138069)

gh-91116: Add hyperlink from `sys.settrace` to frame objects (GH-138062)
(cherry picked from commit f278afcabf1a1c4162a0bfd4912662517d5d04a2)

Co-authored-by: Krishna Chaitanya <141550576+XChaitanyaX@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-135386: Skip readonly tests for the root user (GH-138058) (GH-138064)

(cherry picked from commit 5b0f00e616738ededcf4b178dee8c30f5005e7ae)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-132744: Check recursion limit in _PY_FRAME_GENERAL (GH-132746) (GH-138032)

[3.13] gh-135386: Fix "unable to open database file" errors on readonly DB (GH-135566) (GH-138057)

Add immutable=1 flag for read-only SQLite access to avoid WAL/SHM errors on readonly DB.
(cherry picked from commit c0ae92b7c07d8146bbcc6ed5197f97a7a16efded)

Co-authored-by: General_K1ng <generak1ng0@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-137973: Add a non-parallel test plan to the iOS testbed project (GH-138018) (#138039)

Modifies the iOS testbed project to add a test plan. This simplifies the iOS
test runner, as we can now use the built-in log streaming to see test results.
It also allows for some other affordances, like providing a default LLDB config,
and using a standardized mechanism for specifying test arguments.
(cherry picked from commit 2ba2287b85eea3cc3a71d77c6bcf9eb5670ca05d)

Co-authored-by: Russell Keith-Magee <russell@keith-magee.com>

[3.13] gh-135734: correctly handle `--enable-optimizations --disable-test-modules` combination (#137998)

[3.13] gh-138011: Clarify tutorial method object example code (GH-138014) (#138026)

x must be a MyClass instance for examples to work.

---------

(cherry picked from commit 339f5da6395868073e22157424405b89cafb5c6d)

Co-authored-by: Terry Jan Reedy <tjreedy@udel.edu>

[3.13] gh-137477: Fix inspect.getblock() for generator expressions (GH-137488) (GH-137995)

This fixes also inspect.getsourcelines() and inspect.getsource().
(cherry picked from commit eae9d7de1c45a64076a926d53672823e6ae1777d)

[3.13] gh-137900: Improve dataclasses frozen parameter documentation (GH-137937) (#137991)

gh-137900: Improve dataclasses frozen parameter documentation (GH-137937)
(cherry picked from commit 7685b8ada84822a7ee9ce51e8ee0e2e35fd60b4e)

Co-authored-by: Tangyuan <47830915@qq.com>

[3.13] Fix typo in `logging` docs (GH-137981) (GH-137984)

Fix typo in `logging` docs (GH-137981)
(cherry picked from commit 9b5235b62ed85e4757f1530cd73ef8d318be6215)

Co-authored-by: Maximilian Linhoff <maximilian.linhoff@cta-observatory.org>

[3.13] Update the dbm documentation (GH-137919) (GH-137963)

Unify documentation for all backends, enumerate all not implemented mapping
methods, document particularities of implemented mapping methods.
(cherry picked from commit 8700404f8688d6a56279dce47a5a5802ec53ed06)

[3.13] [docs] fix grammar in ssl.SSLContect.sslsocket_class docs (GH-137935) (#137951)

[docs] fix grammar in ssl.SSLContect.sslsocket_class docs (GH-137935)

---------
(cherry picked from commit 379161dd51c2cf67568e007fbb5fa225e73c9e10)

Co-authored-by: PrinceNaroliya <naroliyaprince@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Gregory P. Smith <68491+gpshead@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-127859: Fixed documentation for call_later and call_at for early wakeup in asyncio (GH-137859) (#137907)

Co-authored-by: Bar Harel <bzvi7919@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-134869: Fix Ctrl+C corrupts REPL  autocomplete (GH-134929) (#137925)

gh-134869: Fix Ctrl+C corrupts REPL  autocomplete (GH-134929)
(cherry picked from commit 8750e5ecfcfbc337efb511046d34f28b2d26bd68)

Co-authored-by: ggqlq <124190229+ggqlq@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-44538: Mention nested classes/functions in doctest docs (GH-137870) (GH-137917)

gh-44538: Mention nested classes/functions in doctest docs (GH-137870)
(cherry picked from commit 138ed6db9f89171983dc32af4e7ad2e73d46a940)

Co-authored-by: Bartosz Sławecki <bartosz@ilikepython.com>

[3.13] gh-123085: _compile_importlib: Avoid copying sources before compilation (GH-124131) (#137914)

gh-123085: _compile_importlib: Avoid copying sources before compilation (GH-124131)
(cherry picked from commit 42c8b0556c02d29e32f4c7c95e7128a343716250)

Co-authored-by: Petr Viktorin <encukou@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Jason R. Coombs <jaraco@jaraco.com>

[3.13] gh-135862: add C contiguous one-dimensional buffer requirement to `asyncio.StreamWriter` docs (GH-137910) (#137913)

gh-135862: add C contiguous one-dimensional buffer requirement to `asyncio.StreamWriter` docs (GH-137910)
(cherry picked from commit 1c3950abc1d403bddce5212c08d6c40e78486e9d)

Co-authored-by: Kumar Aditya <kumaraditya@python.org>

[3.13] gh-131885: Use positional-only markers for the ``decimal`` module (GH-131990) (#137904)

Co-authored-by: Semyon Moroz <donbarbos@proton.me>

[3.13] gh-87135: Hang non-main threads that attempt to acquire the GIL during finalization (GH-105805) (GH-137827)

* [3.13] gh-87135: Hang non-main threads that attempt to acquire the GIL during finalization (GH-105805)

Instead of surprise crashes and memory corruption, we now hang threads that attempt to re-enter the Python interpreter after Python runtime finalization has started. These are typically daemon threads (our long standing mis-feature) but could also be threads spawned by extension modules that then try to call into Python. This marks the `PyThread_exit_thread` public C API as deprecated as there is no plausible safe way to accomplish that on any supported platform in the face of things like C++ code with finalizers anywhere on a thread's stack. Doing this was the least bad option.

(cherry picked from commit 8cc5aa47ee464ddfd8da5461edecf4a5c72df2ff)

Co-authored-by: Jeremy Maitin-Shepard <jeremy@jeremyms.com>
Co-authored-by: Gregory P. Smith <greg@krypto.org>
* state "3.13.7 and earlier"
* backport: do not add the deprecated marker
* fix Py_IsFinalizing doc ref

---------

Co-authored-by: Jeremy Maitin-Shepard <jeremy@jeremyms.com>

[3.13] gh-135661: Fix parsing unterminated bogus comments in HTMLParser (GH-137873) (GH-137875)

Bogus comments that start with "<![CDATA[" should not include the starting "!"
in its value.
(cherry picked from commit 7636a66635a0da849cfccd06a52d0a21fb692271)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-137846: Add missing 'be' to profile doc. (GH-137856) (#137858)

gh-137846: Add missing 'be' to profile doc. (GH-137856)

Insert 'be' into 'will interpreted'.
(cherry picked from commit 3663b2ad54c9e15775a605facf69da8f5ee8d335)

Co-authored-by: Terry Jan Reedy <tjreedy@udel.edu>

[3.13] gh-90483: fix docs of `SubprocessTransport.get_pipe_transport ` (GH-137852) (#137854)

gh-90483: fix docs of `SubprocessTransport.get_pipe_transport ` (GH-137852)
(cherry picked from commit 038a6e3b959b1fa55f43b2e60bc207c01f7da0ce)

Co-authored-by: Kumar Aditya <kumaraditya@python.org>

[3.13] gh-101359: clarify docs for `asyncio.Event.clear` (GH-137849) (#137851)

gh-101359: clarify docs for `asyncio.Event.clear` (GH-137849)
(cherry picked from commit 4b2dbe8e0aa35046622f87dec1fa42da4d2deb2d)

Co-authored-by: Kumar Aditya <kumaraditya@python.org>

[3.13] gh-131178: Add tests for `site` command-line interface  (GH-133582) (GH-137833)

gh-131178: Add tests for `site` command-line interface  (GH-133582)
(cherry picked from commit 03f5519d776e28ffd0b8344ef328ecddf863fe0a)

Co-authored-by: ggqlq <124190229+ggqlq@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.13] gh-137777: Disband the 'Program Frameworks' chapter (GH-137796) (#137831)

Co-authored-by: rimchoi <hyerimc858@gmail.com>

[3.13] gh-123085: Fix issue in inferred caller when resource package has no source (GH-123102) (#124024)

[3.13] Mention the "context manager" keyword in concurrent.futures documentation (GH-130976) (#137811)

Mention the "context manager" keyword in concurrent.futures documentation (GH-130976)
(cherry picked from commit 095bc775ecb5d4213767de3feebaa5a98d8c603c)

Co-authored-by: Jakub Stasiak <jakub@stasiak.at>

[3.13] gh-137760: Update REPL constants documentation (gh-137798) (gh-137823)

gh-137760: Update REPL constants documentation (gh-137798)
(cherry picked from commit d6719c6be651bbc6a8547c3b65714184e06462de)

Co-authored-by: Chaemin-Lim <antraxmin@naver.com>

[3.13] gh-137576: Fix for Basic REPL showing incorrect code in tracebacks with `PYTHONSTARTUP` (GH-137625) (#137778)

(cherry picked from commit 04f8ef663be7589def9f456a2024e1707e3408ea)

Co-authored-by: Kirill Podoprigora <kirill.bast9@mail.ru>

[3.13] gh-134262: Catch both URLError and ConnectionError in retries (GH-135365) (#137779)

gh-134262: Catch both URLError and ConnectionError in retries (GH-135365)
(cherry picked from commit acc20a83f4d93682e91c4992c785eaf7e3d0c69c)

Co-authored-by: Emma Smith <emma@emmatyping.dev>

[3.13] gh-134262: Fix off by one errors in download retry functions (GH-137775)

(cherry picked from commit e64395e8eb8d3a9e35e3e534e87d427ff27ab0a5)

Co-authored-by: Emma Smith <emma@emmatyping.dev>

[3.13] gh-135661: Fix CDATA section parsing in HTMLParser (GH-135665) (GH-137773)

"] ]>" and "]] >" no longer end the CDATA section.

Make CDATA section parsing  context depending.
Add private method HTMLParser._set_support_cdata() to change the context.
If called with True, "<[CDATA[" starts a CDATA section which ends with "]]>".
If called with False, "<[CDATA[" starts a bogus comments which ends with ">".
(cherry picked from commit 0cbbfc462119b9107b373c24d2bda5a1271bed36)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

Merge branch '3.13' of https://github.com/python/cpython into 3.13

Post 3.13.7