[3.14] gh-138432: Improved invalid path checking in zoneinfo.reset_tzpath() (GH-138433) (GH-138777)

* Improve error messages for path-like relative paths and path-like bytes paths.
* TZPATH is now always a tuple of strings.
(cherry picked from commit 859aecc33b82f45e5b7ae30138d28f2a2f33a575)

Co-authored-by: Stephen Morton <git@tungol.org>

[3.14] gh-138239: Fix incorrect highlighting of "type" in type statements in the REPL (GH-138241) (GH-138937)

(cherry picked from commit 26cfb1794255222b20cd7b502ab9193861df3184)

Co-authored-by: 00ll00 <40747228+00ll00@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Bénédikt Tran <10796600+picnixz@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.14] Touch up `Setup.local` handling in `Tools/wasm/wasi` (GH-137051) (GH-137053)

Touch up `Setup.local` handling in `Tools/wasm/wasi` (GH-137051)

The comment in the generated file is now more self-explanatory. The checks for unexpected file contents are also strengthened.
(cherry picked from commit ec7fad79d24e79961b86e17177a32b32bb340fe5)

Co-authored-by: Brett Cannon <brett@python.org>
Co-authored-by: Zachary Ware <zach@python.org>

[3.14] gh-63161: Add more tests for source encoding (GH-139440) (GH-139442)

(cherry picked from commit b2f5ad0c6d7cfd249c41bfbcdd0a75a9f21f1e72)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

[3.14] gh-123441: Correct the supported languages of the iso-8859-4 codec (GH-137034) (GH-137419)

(cherry picked from commit 525784aa65d35a5609aba53c873a9a3a578f992b)

Co-authored-by: Stan Ulbrych <89152624+StanFromIreland@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.14] Add test for opening an SQLite with bytes path (GH-136331) (GH-137632)

(cherry picked from commit 1bde13b0e99592fbfce3538b27ada29ea09840a6)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

[3.14] gh-126008: Improve docstrings for Tkinter cget and configure methods (GH-133303) (GH-137660)

* Explain the behavior of Widget.configure() depending on arguments.
* Unify descriptions.
* Replace "resource" with "option".
(cherry picked from commit 027cacb67ce1b16a96a6a2866299803eff16a4a6)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

[3.14] gh-138264: Fix gcc 14 compiler warnings (GH-138265) (GH-138426)

(cherry picked from commit 4a33077fdb546db71b16d50cdd552529a9a1c910)

[3.14] gh-137920: Fix semantically relevant typo in curses.window.attron (#137940) (GH-138506)

Originally authored by: vict-Yang

(cherry picked from commit ce70a57bc02fddc8cb18a08aaf1449fceb10d66e)

[3.14] gh-134466: Don't run when termios is inaccessible (GH-138911) (GH-139029)

Without the ability to set required capabilities, the REPL cannot
function properly (syntax highlighting and multiline editing can't
work).
We refuse to work in this degraded state.

(cherry picked from commit 2fc7004d5437e7bb0a1f5b962be441ef0ee7434b)

Co-authored-by: Łukasz Langa <lukasz@langa.pl>

[3.14] gh-78319: Fix implementation of IMAP APPEND UTF8 (GH-9436) (GH-139406)

Make UTF8 support for the IMAP APPEND command RFC 6855 compliant.
(cherry picked from commit 408154d64a7b3d43b05f44ea5c4cdf781bdd1352)

Co-authored-by: Gordon Messmer <gordon.messmer@gmail.com>

[3.14] gh-130567: Enable previously skipped locale tests on FreeBSD and macOS (GH-138652) (GH-139421)

(cherry picked from commit 1b8dcdacc75caa8175f89c7e739e45d856ebf511)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

[3.14] gh-139076: Fix regression in pydoc not showing extension functions (GH-139077) (GH-139160)

Fix a bug in the pydoc module that was hiding functions in a Python
module if they were implemented in an extension module and the module did
not have __all__.
(cherry picked from commit 7257b24140ac1b39fb8cfd4610134ec79575a396)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

[3.14] Doc: Improve clarity for subinterpreters in What's New in 3.14 (GH-139221) (GH-139722)

(cherry picked from commit 25edfa7cf1c0ddeaae2dd76ca6c18807b339257a)

Co-authored-by: Cornelius Roemer <cornelius.roemer@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.14] gh-130567: Fix possible crash in locale.strxfrm() (GH-138940) (GH-139265)

On some macOS versions there was an off-by-one error in wcsxfrm() which
caused writing past the end of the array if its size was not calculated
by running wcsxfrm() first.

(cherry picked from commit 5854cf38a25ab8b0c6ab0296098166014f77caa3)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Ronald Oussoren <ronaldoussoren@mac.com>
Co-authored-by: Petr Viktorin <encukou@gmail.com>

[3.14] gh-69605: Hardcode some stdlib submodules in PyREPL module completion (os.path, collections.abc...) (GH-138268) (GH-138943)

(cherry picked from commit 537133d2b63611ce1c04aac4c283c932dee9985a)

Co-authored-by: Loïc Simon <loic.simon@napta.io>
Co-authored-by: Łukasz Langa <lukasz@langa.pl>

[3.14] gh-139283: correctly handle `size` limit in `cursor.fetchmany()` (GH-139296) (GH-139441)

Passing a negative or zero size to `cursor.fetchmany()` made it fetch all rows
instead of none.

While this could be considered a security vulnerability, it was decided to treat
this issue as a regular bug as passing a non-sanitized *size* value in the first
place is not recommended.
(cherry picked from commit bc172ee8307431caf4c89612e9e454081635191f)

Co-authored-by: Bénédikt Tran <10796600+picnixz@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Petr Viktorin <encukou@gmail.com>

[3.14] gh-95844: Move help_url code to a help module function (GH-129971) (#138484)

gh-95844: Move help_url code to a help module function (GH-129971)

---------
(cherry picked from commit 3b4cd885634abc029b409cb566e8d9a530d061f8)

Co-authored-by: Stan Ulbrych <89152624+StanFromIreland@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Terry Jan Reedy <tjreedy@udel.edu>

[3.14] gh-139210: Fix use-after-free in xml.etree.ElementTree.iterparse() (GH-139211) (GH-139455)

(cherry picked from commit c86eb4d3ac5984efc1ea920ba643e3c4f02fdee8)

Co-authored-by: Ken Jin <kenjin@python.org>
Co-authored-by: Petr Viktorin <encukou@gmail.com>

[3.14] gh-131178: Add tests for `site` command-line interface  (GH-133582) (GH-137832)

gh-131178: Add tests for `site` command-line interface  (GH-133582)
(cherry picked from commit 03f5519d776e28ffd0b8344ef328ecddf863fe0a)

Co-authored-by: ggqlq <124190229+ggqlq@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.14] Always use the latest dev container image in `devcontainer.json` (GH-138003)

This is a manual backport of 14319a99e52954d038d7568c5119be161a00a6b8 .

[3.14] gh-138004: Fix setting a thread name on OpenIndiana (GH-138017) (#138384)

gh-138004: Fix setting a thread name on OpenIndiana (GH-138017)

Encode Solaris/Illumos thread names to ASCII, since
OpenIndiana does not support non-ASCII names.

Add tests for setting non-ASCII name for the main thread.
(cherry picked from commit c19db1d2b8935b6f4f775a0957a076f1864fbf80)

Co-authored-by: jadonduff <jadon_duff@icloud.com>
Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

[3.14] gh-71648: Optimize PNG files (GH-138842) (GH-138851)

* Only keep > 1 kb savings
(cherry picked from commit 2e8f64c9317a327a2be1ab8031844ef3967c1040)

[3.14] gh-116738: make `cProfile` module thread-safe (GH-138229) (#138575)

gh-116738: make `cProfile` module thread-safe (GH-138229)
(cherry picked from commit 8554c0917e25a7abe12b3000f1589b6566c91a25)

Co-authored-by: Alper <alperyoney@fb.com>
Co-authored-by: Kumar Aditya <kumaraditya@python.org>

[3.14] gh-134698: Hold a lock when the thread state is detached in `ssl` (GH-134724) (GH-137107)

* [3.14] gh-134698: Hold a lock when the thread state is detached in `ssl` (GH-134724)

Lock when the thread state is detached.
(cherry picked from commit e047a35b23c1aa69ab8d5da56f36319cec4d36b8)

Co-authored-by: Peter Bierma <zintensitydev@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Gregory P. Smith <greg@krypto.org>
* Only lock the SSL context, not the SSL socket.

This solves a deadlock when a socket is blocked while waiting on data,
which ended up causing a major regression in 3.13.6 (see gh-137583).

---------

Co-authored-by: Peter Bierma <zintensitydev@gmail.com>

[3.14] gh-137477: Fix inspect.getblock() for generator expressions (GH-137488) (#137993)

gh-137477: Fix inspect.getblock() for generator expressions (GH-137488)

This fixes also inspect.getsourcelines() and inspect.getsource().
(cherry picked from commit eae9d7de1c45a64076a926d53672823e6ae1777d)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

[3.14] gh-136914: Fix support of cached functions and properties in DocTest's lineno computation (GH-136930) (#137616)

gh-136914: Fix support of cached functions and properties in DocTest's lineno computation (GH-136930)

Previously, DocTest's lineno of functions and methods decorated with
functools.cache(), functools.lru_cache() and functools.cached_property()
was not properly returned (None was returned) because the
computation relied on inspect.isfunction() which does not consider the
decorated result as a function.

We now use the more generic inspect.isroutine(), as elsewhere
in doctest's logic.

Also, added a special case for functools.cached_property().
(cherry picked from commit fece15d29f28e89f1231afa80508c80ed28dc37d)

Co-authored-by: Denis Laxalde <denis@laxalde.org>

[3.14] gh-137440: Update comment in Python/hamt.c on importing for testing (GH-137441) (#137519)

gh-137440: Update comment in Python/hamt.c on importing for testing (GH-137441)

Switch from `_testcapi` to `_testinternalcapi`.
(cherry picked from commit 7ab68cd50658f76abc9e0f12e6212736e2440720)

Co-authored-by: Bartosz Sławecki <bartosz@ilikepython.com>

[3.14] gh-137433: Fix deadlock with stop-the-world and daemon threads (gh-137735) (GH-138965)

There was a deadlock originally seen by Memray when a daemon thread
enabled or disabled profiling while the interpreter was shutting down.
I think this could also happen with garbage collection, but I haven't
seen that in practice.

The daemon thread could be hung while trying acquire the global rwmutex
that prevents overlapping global and per-interpreter stop-the-world events.
Since it already held the main interpreter's stop-the-world lock, it
also deadlocked the main thread, which is trying to perform interpreter
finalization.

Swap the order of lock acquisition to prevent this deadlock.
Additionally, refactor `_PyParkingLot_Park` so that the global buckets
hashtable is left in a clean state if the thread is hung in
`PyEval_AcquireThread`.

(cherry picked from commit 90fe3250f82712b61630d636246c92df7c40c816)

Co-authored-by: Sam Gross <colesbury@gmail.com>

[3.14] GH-92266: Remove embedded tabs from ``c-analyzer/cpython/_parser.py`` (GH-137622) (#139718)

GH-92266: Remove embedded tabs from ``c-analyzer/cpython/_parser.py`` (GH-137622)
(cherry picked from commit 2212ae5557d4ad9dfc792f728d2bf2697b063b92)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.14] gh-137044: Support large limit values in getrlimit() and setrlimit() (GH-137338) (#137506)

gh-137044: Support large limit values in getrlimit() and setrlimit() (GH-137338)

* Return large limit values as positive integers instead of negative integers
  in resource.getrlimit().
* Accept large values and reject negative values (except RLIM_INFINITY)
  for limits in resource.setrlimit().
(cherry picked from commit baefaa6cba1d69efd2f930cdc56bca682c54b139)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

[3.14] gh-81325: Support path-like objects with streaming TarFile (GH-137188) (#137365)

gh-81325: Support path-like objects with streaming TarFile (GH-137188)
(cherry picked from commit 3ec3d053452af8a769c18826ea61ba66fc73c8da)

Co-authored-by: Alexander Urieles <aeurielesn@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Emma Smith <emma@emmatyping.dev>

[3.14] gh-136520: Clarify docs for _pack_ & _align_ (GH-137036) (#137381)

gh-136520: Clarify docs for _pack_ & _align_ (GH-137036)

Move docs to the reference section & reduce the “tutorial” part to a quick intro & link.

Clarify what values are accepted.

Add macro/attribute equivalents.

Discourage _align_ values that aren't powers of two.
(cherry picked from commit 8943bb722f2f88a95ea6c5ee36bb5d540740d792)

Co-authored-by: Petr Viktorin <encukou@gmail.com>

[3.14] gh-137273: Fix debug assertion failure in locale.setlocale() on Windows (GH-137300) (#137305)

gh-137273: Fix debug assertion failure in locale.setlocale() on Windows (GH-137300)

It happened when there were at least 16 characters after dot in the
locale name.
(cherry picked from commit 718e0c89ba0610bba048245028ac133bbf2d44c2)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

[3.14] gh-138736: Fix sqlite3.Connection.blobopen 'row' parameter type and naming (#138738) (GH-139062)

(cherry picked from commit 8eb106240f5d70baeabd4ad137de6213dd8cfb30)

Co-authored-by: chiri <chirizxc@proton.me>

[3.14] gh-138779: Use the dev_t converter for st_rdev (GH-138780) (#138926)

gh-138779: Use the dev_t converter for st_rdev (GH-138780)

This allows to support device numbers larger than 2**63-1.
(cherry picked from commit 43013f72f0aadc5ee428aa5bdf6d949b4e79779a)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

[3.14] gh-138489: Add missing `build-details.json` step for building wasm (GH-139302) (GH-139557)

(cherry picked from commit db53ca30d761abba525bc8e47b16920b1fc43a83)

Signed-off-by: Ho Kim <ho.kim@ulagbulag.io>
Co-authored-by: Ho Kim <ho.kim@ulagbulag.io>
Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.14] fix comment reference from man 7 signal to man 7 signal-safety (GH-138554) (#138594)

fix comment reference from man 7 signal to man 7 signal-safety (GH-138554)
(cherry picked from commit 2f5ace780ba3880ce07c4aacbda08ebba36e3b4d)

docs: fix comment reference from man 7 signal to man 7 signal-safety

Co-authored-by: mqudah <mohghq@gmail.com>

[3.14] Bump mypy to 1.17.1 (GH-137542) (#137543)

Bump mypy to 1.17.1 (GH-137542)
(cherry picked from commit fb1cb00030c706366dfd1a457dd5de324d5619ea)

Co-authored-by: sobolevn <mail@sobolevn.me>

[3.14] gh-138952:  Document platform.machine() output casing inconsistency across platforms (GH-138962) (#139045)

gh-138952:  Document platform.machine() output casing inconsistency across platforms (GH-138962)
(cherry picked from commit dd15a2e11ea5d16ad42050a2723dec0e400ea394)

Co-authored-by: Aniket <148300120+Aniketsy@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: AN Long <aisk@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.14] gh-129368: In PyRun C API docs, clarify what a "start token" is (GH-129935) (#139042)

gh-129368: In PyRun C API docs, clarify what a "start token" is (GH-129935)
(cherry picked from commit e1eca8b308a585af45e9ebf4f605c9f67b7115d8)

Co-authored-by: Rajhans Jadhao <rajhans.jadhao@gmail.com>

[3.14] Update the dbm documentation (GH-137919) (#137962)

Unify documentation for all backends, enumerate all not implemented mapping
methods, document particularities of implemented mapping methods.
(cherry picked from commit 8700404f8688d6a56279dce47a5a5802ec53ed06)

[3.14] Update the availability info in the resource docs (#137939)

Update the availability info in the resource docs

[3.14] gh-130102: drop "require numeric arguments" from pow() docs (GH-137456) (#137536)

gh-130102: drop "require numeric arguments" from pow() docs (GH-137456)
(cherry picked from commit 37b5a0d671685645db8f1d5ecfa1260587f1fc28)

Co-authored-by: Sergey B Kirpichev <skirpichev@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Senthil Kumaran <senthil@python.org>

[3.14] gh-138772: Add tests for Turtle.dot() signature (GH-138773) (GH-139326)

(cherry picked from commit 2462807b702d9a71f0bd73a6618d4948491852a0)

Co-authored-by: Jan-Eric Nitschke <47750513+JanEricNitschke@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.14] Remove unmatched closing parenthesis (GH-139082) (#139099)

Remove unmatched closing parenthesis (GH-139082)
(cherry picked from commit d22b25081bc406808cc5967951b42abedb634de3)

Co-authored-by: Rafael Fontenelle <rffontenelle@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.14] gh-116738: add multi-threaded tests for `resource` module on free-threading builds (GH-138504) (#138793)

gh-116738: add multi-threaded tests for `resource` module on free-threading builds (GH-138504)
(cherry picked from commit 32e1e0699ffda8ec1dd5a0eb178b052352ab7d31)

Co-authored-by: Alper <alperyoney@fb.com>
Co-authored-by: Kumar Aditya <kumaraditya@python.org>

[3.14] `Doc/library/zoneinfo.rst`: Fix typo (GH-139190) (#139229)

(cherry picked from commit 4fb338d844a1e992857a17b5bd1269837e847fb2)

[3.14] gh-115119: Defer `--with-system-libmpdec` removal to 3.16 (GH-139318) (#139347)

gh-115119: Defer `--with-system-libmpdec` removal to 3.16 (GH-139318)
(cherry picked from commit 0aab07ccf79f335e3afa8021ddcbcfb8afa4d70c)

Co-authored-by: sobolevn <mail@sobolevn.me>

[3.14] gh-139327: fix some reference leaks in `sqlite3` error branches (GH-139328) (GH-139471)

(cherry picked from commit d0a3eff9d6e72e209da0236fb1ea1f8c18938eaa)

Co-authored-by: Bénédikt Tran <10796600+picnixz@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.14] gh-139308: Skip test_special_chars_csh on NetBSD due to csh variable expansion issue (GH-139341) (GH-139559)

(cherry picked from commit ae6e7f572c18d9183cb23e6e53c3324dd9bf0c64)

Co-authored-by: Furkan Onder <furkanonder@protonmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Filipe Laíns 🇵🇸 <lains@riseup.net>

[3.14] Replace ambiguous word "pound" by "hash" in `difflib` docs (GH-139601) (GH-139616)

(cherry picked from commit dadbb2662a405a34763db0298025f6af06342849)

Co-authored-by: George Ogden <38294960+George-Ogden@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.14] gh-135944: Add a "Runtime Components" Section to the Execution Model Docs (gh-135945) (#139509)

gh-135944: Add a "Runtime Components" Section to the Execution Model Docs (gh-135945)

The section provides a brief overview of the Python runtime's execution environment.  It is meant to be implementation agnostic,
(cherry picked from commit 46a1f0a9ff6e7cbea111dcb35e7aced1a7a3f3dc)

Co-authored-by: Eric Snow <ericsnowcurrently@gmail.com>

[3.14] gh-139646: fix typo in `pickletools` error message (GH-139647) (GH-139649)

(cherry picked from commit 36a6c2cdfaddc4a82d14f2c84b04e05089802876)

Signed-off-by: yihong0618 <zouzou0208@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: yihong <zouzou0208@gmail.com>

[3.14] gh-132551: make `io.BytesIO` thread safe (GH-132616) (#138551)

* [3.14] gh-132551: make `io.BytesIO` thread safe (GH-132616)
(cherry picked from commit 5dd3a3a58cca4798ebfc2edd673211067453e81e)

Co-authored-by: Tomasz Pytel <tompytel@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Kumar Aditya <kumaraditya@python.org>

[3.14] gh-133467: fix data race in `type_set_name` (GH-137302) (#137303)

gh-133467: fix data race in `type_set_name` (GH-137302)

Fix data race in `type_set_name` by assigning name under stop the world pause making it thread safe in free-threading.
(cherry picked from commit e99bc7fd44bbbf2464c37d5a57777ac0e1264c37)

Co-authored-by: Kumar Aditya <kumaraditya@python.org>

[3.14] gh-135729: Store reference to globals in `Interpreter._decref` (GH-139104) (GH-139112)

* gh-135729: Store reference to globals in `Interpreter._decref` (GH-139104)
(cherry picked from commit 571210b8f34a54922e5eb11d65060d7a77b8bdf0)

Co-authored-by: Peter Bierma <zintensitydev@gmail.com>

[3.14] gh-138854: Skip test_script_shadowing_stdlib_cwd_failure on AIX (GH-138855) (GH-139674)

(cherry picked from commit 171f787a297ec4b02cfe8b3ebab8374018391f20)

Co-authored-by: Furkan Onder <furkanonder@protonmail.com>

[3.14] gh-75989: TarFile.extractall and TarFile.extract now overwrite symlinks when extracting hardlinks (GH-137316) (GH-139705)

(cherry picked from commit 481d5b54556e97fed4cf1f48a2ccbc7b4f7aaa42)

Co-authored-by: Alexander Urieles <aeurielesn@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.14] gh-137025: Include ``python.worker.mjs`` in the Emscripten Web Example (GH-137236) (#137272)

gh-137025: Include ``python.worker.mjs`` in the Emscripten Web Example (GH-137236)
(cherry picked from commit d5191ba99b8f7723cbdb9b7a07ef8a3eef6524c1)

Co-authored-by: adam j hartz <hz@mit.edu>

[3.14] gh-122450: Expand documentation for ``Rational`` and ``Fraction`` (GH-136800) (#137363)

(cherry picked from commit b266fbc9ecd25d08ab572ecb91913e86b6ddc75e)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

[3.14] gh-137390: Add missing line continuation character in configure.ac (GH-137391) (#137394)

gh-137390: Add missing line continuation character in configure.ac (GH-137391)
(cherry picked from commit 001461a29235216eb9c8295c66c323fdd34a7d59)

Co-authored-by: markmcclain <markmcclain@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Erlend E. Aasland <erlend@python.org>

[3.14] gh-131885: Use positional-only markers for ``max()`` and ``min()`` (GH-131868) (#137656)

gh-131885: Use positional-only markers for ``max()`` and ``min()`` (GH-131868)
(cherry picked from commit dd079db4b96fa474b8e6d71ae9db662c4ce28caf)

Co-authored-by: Evan Kohilas <ekohilas@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.14] gh-135629: rewrite language reference section on except* to improve clarity (GH-136150) (#139059)

gh-135629: rewrite language reference section on except* to improve clarity (GH-136150)
(cherry picked from commit a651ec95241c25161d525499a739f01bfe527895)

Co-authored-by: Irit Katriel <1055913+iritkatriel@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.14] gh-105812: Use the ``:deco:`` role in place of manual decorator markup (GH-139619) (#139627)

(cherry picked from commit 3195da0b1a5dc8a03faa5142d4ab4a1549797e53)

[3.14] gh-139436: Remove ``dist-pdf`` from the docs archives rebuild target (GH-139437) (#139692)

gh-139436: Remove ``dist-pdf`` from the docs archives rebuild target (GH-139437)
(cherry picked from commit 0e2cdd313ba5c67c5e2e21d993399b890e687c63)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.14] gh-137185: Fix `_Py_DumpStack()` async signal safety (gh-137187) (gh-137206)

Call backtrace() once when installing the signal handler to ensure that
libgcc is dynamically loaded outside the signal handler.

This fixes a "signal-unsafe call inside of a signal" TSan error from
test_faulthandler.test_enable_fd.
(cherry picked from commit 11a8652e25341e696b06d8dc7a18e8c3ee8059e4)

Co-authored-by: Sam Gross <colesbury@gmail.com>

[3.14] gh-135444: fix `asyncio.DatagramTransport.sendto` to account for datagram header size when data cannot be sent (GH-135445) (#137245)

gh-135444: fix `asyncio.DatagramTransport.sendto` to account for datagram header size when data cannot be sent (GH-135445)
(cherry picked from commit e3ea8613519bd08aa6ce7d142403e644ae32d843)

Co-authored-by: Justin Bronder <jsbronder@cold-front.org>
Co-authored-by: Kumar Aditya <kumaraditya@python.org>

[3.14] gh-138661: fix data race in `PyCode_Addr2Line` (GH-138664) (#138834)

gh-138661: fix data race in `PyCode_Addr2Line` (GH-138664)
(cherry picked from commit ea26f6da39294b7d3c28873d070a2218bd528b5f)

Co-authored-by: Kumar Aditya <kumaraditya@python.org>

[3.14] gh-139624: Skip problematic locales on AIX in test_date_locale2 (GH-139625) (GH-139644)

(cherry picked from commit 6f3dae0dc5ccd47b2b8a6e052244353d8c37e59b)

Co-authored-by: Furkan Onder <furkanonder@protonmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Petr Viktorin <encukou@gmail.com>

[3.14] gh-138163: skip failures if tests are run with `SCHED_BATCH` on glibc (GH-138576) (GH-138820)

(cherry picked from commit 492941459acb5b5a104d96414288601d2e2b7e6f)

Co-authored-by: jxes993409 <68891412+jxes993409@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Petr Viktorin <encukou@gmail.com>

[3.14] gh-138008: Fix segfaults in _ctypes due to invalid argtypes (GH-138285) (GH-138742)

(cherry picked from commit 1ce05537a3ebaf1e5c54505b2272d61bb6cf5de0)

Signed-off-by: Nguyen Viet Dung <29406816+magnified103@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Yongzi Li <204532581+Yzi-Li@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Petr Viktorin <encukou@gmail.com>

[3.14] gh-136507: Fix mimetypes CLI to handle multiple file parameters (GH-136508) (GH-138140)

(cherry picked from commit 81268a3e2a6aa936a9941dde31965c7b90a963f5)

Co-authored-by: Wulian233 <1055917385@qq.com>
Co-authored-by: Hugo van Kemenade <1324225+hugovk@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Petr Viktorin <encukou@gmail.com>

[3.14] gh-137376: Add note on top-level `global` declarations (GH-137707) (GH-138023)

(cherry picked from commit 9f05f98730bbc36f4ad173845458827c4df879f6)

Co-authored-by: Petr Viktorin <encukou@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Brian Schubert <brianm.schubert@gmail.com>

[3.14] gh-123681: Check NORMALIZE_CENTURY behavior at runtime; require C99 (GH-136022) (GH-137947)

A runtime check is needed to support cross-compiling.

Remove the _Py_NORMALIZE_CENTURY macro.
Remove _pydatetime.py's _can_support_c99.
(cherry picked from commit 719e5c3f7111bcda5eee72fe648786c427c4d4c2)

Co-authored-by: Petr Viktorin <encukou@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

[3.14] gh-138902: Fix generator send arg name (GH-138905) (#138914)

gh-138902: Fix generator send arg name (GH-138905)
(cherry picked from commit cb07bd24eed43a0ac182e664398398164089f294)

Co-authored-by: Marat Khagazheev <marathagazeev@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: marat <khagazheev@artlebedev.ru>

[3.14] gh-136823: Update documentation on excluded headers in Python.h (GH-136824) (#137437)

gh-136823: Update documentation on excluded headers in Python.h (GH-136824)
(cherry picked from commit c2428ca9ea0c4eac9c7f2b41aff5f77660f21298)

Co-authored-by: Sina Zel taat <111974143+SZeltaat@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+aa-turner@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.14] gh-137239: Add *_max functions to heapq.__all__ (gh-137241) (#137256)

gh-137239: Add *_max functions to heapq.__all__ (gh-137241)
(cherry picked from commit 5f35f9b8fad50670604552062c1df8fbdff835ab)

Co-authored-by: Stan Ulbrych <89152624+StanFromIreland@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.14] gh-136516: Mention installation artifacts as de-facto resources (GH-136419) (#137038)

gh-136516: Mention installation artifacts as de-facto resources (GH-136419)

Files like NUL on windows are, from `importlib.resources` point of
view, an artifact caused by installing to a filesystem directory.
Mention these.
(cherry picked from commit fac4964fdb2ae12969b485de496dd6d064fdbe99)

Co-authored-by: Petr Viktorin <encukou@gmail.com>

[3.14] gh-139698: Fix typo in What's New 3.14 (GH-139699) (#139711)

gh-139698: Fix typo in What's New 3.14 (GH-139699)
(cherry picked from commit d396a32b3d1a4b3a35bdfc8b44521d3021a108c7)

Co-authored-by: Stan Ulbrych <89152624+StanFromIreland@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.14] gh-137400: Fix thread-safety issues when profiling all threads (gh-137518) (gh-137730)

There were a few thread-safety issues when profiling or tracing all
threads via PyEval_SetProfileAllThreads or PyEval_SetTraceAllThreads:

* The loop over thread states could crash if a thread exits concurrently
  (in both the free threading and default build)
* The modification of `c_profilefunc` and `c_tracefunc` wasn't
  thread-safe on the free threading build.
(cherry picked from commit a10152f8fd0f4b291e53d646cffe22fbeec73e1e)

Co-authored-by: Sam Gross <colesbury@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Petr Viktorin <encukou@gmail.com>

[3.14] gh-126662: naming consistency for `signal.ItimerError` (GH-126712) (#137122)

gh-126662: naming consistency for `signal.ItimerError` (GH-126712)
(cherry picked from commit d5fa437dfb50e2e47632cdc994e3257608688f30)

Co-authored-by: Stephen Morton <git@tungol.org>

[3.14] Fix docs for Queue.shutdown (gh-137028) (#137080)

Fix docs for Queue.shutdown (gh-137028)
(cherry picked from commit 245671555b7e33112ae1efd0c26071d7a0e27b3a)

Co-authored-by: Raymond Hettinger <rhettinger@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Zachary Ware <zach@python.org>
Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

[3.14] gh-136278: Document codecs.escape_encode() and codecs.escape_decode() (GH-136314) (#137149)

gh-136278: Document codecs.escape_encode() and codecs.escape_decode() (GH-136314)

Closes GH-136278
(cherry picked from commit 6784ef7da7cbf1a944fd0685630ced54e4a0066c)

Co-authored-by: Toshaksha <147024929+Toshaksha@users.noreply.github.com>

[3.14] gh-58124: Avoid CP_UTF8 in UnicodeDecodeError (GH-137415) (#137460)

gh-58124: Avoid CP_UTF8 in UnicodeDecodeError (GH-137415)

Fix name of the Python encoding in Unicode errors of the code page
codec: use "cp65000" and "cp65001" instead of "CP_UTF7" and "CP_UTF8"
which are not valid Python code names.
(cherry picked from commit ce1b747ff68754635b7b12870dfc527184ee3b39)

Co-authored-by: Victor Stinner <vstinner@python.org>

[3.14] gh-139208: Fix regrtest --fast-ci --verbose (GH-139240) (#139260)

gh-139208: Fix regrtest --fast-ci --verbose (GH-139240)

Don't ignore the --verbose option anymore.
(cherry picked from commit dd683f8f341dd0c95ac4f1363d92d141ea5b3842)

Co-authored-by: Victor Stinner <vstinner@python.org>

[3.14] gh-71810: Fix _PyLong_AsByteArray() undefined behavior (GH-138873) (#138883)

gh-71810: Fix _PyLong_AsByteArray() undefined behavior (GH-138873)

Don't read p[-1] when p is an empty string: when n==0.
(cherry picked from commit 8b5ce31c2b44d9bf82e6119e90a52dd530bfd1db)

Co-authored-by: Victor Stinner <vstinner@python.org>

[3.14] gh-137179: Fix flaky test_history_survive_crash test (gh-137180) (gh-137216)

Kill the REPL subprocess once it prints the output from the command
immediately before the `time.sleep()`.
(cherry picked from commit 98d462cf4de82d4ef40b20bd346db1ba7edfa35c)

Co-authored-by: Sam Gross <colesbury@gmail.com>

[3.14] gh-135329: Use longer timeout in pyrepl test_repl_eio() (GH-139503) (#139506)

gh-135329: Use longer timeout in pyrepl test_repl_eio() (GH-139503)

Replace hardcoded 5 seconds with support.SHORT_TIMEOUT.

Fix the following error on slow CI such as GitHub Action UBSan:

test test_pyrepl failed -- Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "Lib/test/test_pyrepl/test_unix_console.py", line 362, in test_repl_eio
    _, err = proc.communicate(timeout=5)  # sleep for pty to settle
             ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "Lib/subprocess.py", line 1219, in communicate
    stdout, stderr = self._communicate(input, endtime, timeout)
                     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "Lib/subprocess.py", line 2126, in _communicate
    self._check_timeout(endtime, orig_timeout, stdout, stderr)
    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "Lib/subprocess.py", line 1266, in _check_timeout
    raise TimeoutExpired(
    ...<2 lines>...
            stderr=b''.join(stderr_seq) if stderr_seq else None)
subprocess.TimeoutExpired: Command '[...]' timed out after 5 seconds
(cherry picked from commit c985822d86892cd0a978e6e63945be3c0e59217c)

Co-authored-by: Victor Stinner <vstinner@python.org>

[3.14] gh-137017: Ensure `Thread.is_alive()` only returns False after the underlying OS thread exits (gh-137315) (gh-138916)

(cherry picked from commit aa9ceb17215af21ed6618d6f7ccb5bf57ca57101)

Co-authored-by: Abdul <abdulrasheedibrahim47@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Sam Gross <colesbury@gmail.com>

[3.14] gh-137238: Fix data race in `_Py_slot_tp_getattr_hook` (gh-137240) (#137416)

Replacing the slot isn't thread-safe if the GIL is disabled. Don't
require that the slot has been replaced when specializing.
(cherry picked from commit 485b16b4f7b28cefdfb524c2869d473078e349bf)

[3.14] gh-136234: Fix `SelectorSocketTransport.writelines` to be robust to connection loss (GH-136743) (#138702)

[3.14] gh-139516: Fix lambda colon start format spec in f-string in tokenizer (GH-139657) (#139701)

gh-139516: Fix lambda colon start format spec in f-string in tokenizer (GH-139657)
(cherry picked from commit 539461d9ec8e5322ead638f7be733fd196aa6c79)

Co-authored-by: Tomasz Pytel <tompytel@gmail.com>

[3.14] gh-128639: Don't assume one thread in subinterpreter finalization with fixed daemon thread support (GH-134606) (GH-139050)

gh-128639: Don't assume one thread in subinterpreter finalization with fixed daemon thread support (GH-134606)

This reapplies GH-128640.
(cherry picked from commit a64881363b836b95fb4512a5689d69c1aa07ecb8)

Co-authored-by: Peter Bierma <zintensitydev@gmail.com>

[3.14] gh-112729: Correctly fail when the process is out of memory during interpreter creation (GH-139164) (GH-139168)

gh-112729: Correctly fail when the process is out of memory during interpreter creation (GH-139164)
(cherry picked from commit d06113c7a7cac76a28847702685e601b79f71bf8)

Co-authored-by: Peter Bierma <zintensitydev@gmail.com>

[3.14] gh-123828: Fix data race in `_interpchannels._waiting_release` (GH-124107) (GH-139517)

gh-123828: Fix data race in `_interpchannels._waiting_release` (GH-124107)
(cherry picked from commit f39dea3baeb9f9b7a0199d06508d722494db0145)

Co-authored-by: Nadeshiko Manju <me@manjusaka.me>

[3.14] gh-138756: Fix leak of inittab memory in PyInitConfig_Free() (GH-138792) (#139703)

gh-138756: Fix leak of inittab memory in PyInitConfig_Free() (GH-138792)
(cherry picked from commit 3d521a62e7c377ac518c9f0326a88be204f0e3aa)

Co-authored-by: Victor Stinner <vstinner@python.org>

[3.14] gh-82916: Don't fail when importing from / with sys.pycache_prefix set (GH-30456) (GH-137906)

(cherry picked from commit d8a9466e29f59f81aacf1959b835862bcd47b731)

Co-authored-by: Petr Viktorin <encukou@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

[3.14] gh-138756: Fix memory leak in PyInitConfig_Free() (GH-138759) (#138785)

gh-138756: Fix memory leak in PyInitConfig_Free() (GH-138759)

Clear also memory of PyConfig members.
(cherry picked from commit 96dee64c73531325daa9e048b3c18212f5eadd98)

Co-authored-by: Victor Stinner <vstinner@python.org>

[3.14] gh-137058: Sync _Py_NULL macro with the main branch (#137409)

gh-137058: Sync _Py_NULL macro with the main branch

* use __STDC_VERSION__ >= 202311L instead of
  __STDC_VERSION__ > 201710L.
* Check for _MSC_VER.