checksrc: fix possible endless loop when detecting `BANNEDFUNC`

checksrc: fix possible endless loop when detecting `BANNEDFUNC`

If the source line had square brackets before the match, the stripping
of the banned function left the original line intact, and repeated the
check on it forever. E.g. with banned function `open` in `lib518.c`:
```c
t518_testfd[0] = open(DEV_NULL, O_RDONLY);
```

Closes #18775