fscrypt: replace local base64url helpers with lib/base64

fscrypt: replace local base64url helpers with lib/base64

Replace the base64url encoding and decoding functions in fscrypt with the
generic base64_encode() and base64_decode() helpers from lib/base64.

This removes the custom implementation in fscrypt, reduces code
duplication, and relies on the shared Base64 implementation in lib.  The
helpers preserve RFC 4648-compliant URL-safe Base64 encoding without
padding, so there are no functional changes.

This change also improves performance: encoding is about 2.7x faster and
decoding achieves 43-52x speedups compared to the previous implementation.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20251114060221.89734-1-409411716@gms.tku.edu.tw
Reviewed-by: Kuan-Wei Chiu <visitorckw@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Guan-Chun Wu <409411716@gms.tku.edu.tw>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: David Laight <david.laight.linux@gmail.com>
Cc: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org>
Cc: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Cc: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Keith Busch <kbusch@kernel.org>
Cc: Sagi Grimberg <sagi@grimberg.me>
Cc: "Theodore Y. Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Viacheslav Dubeyko <Slava.Dubeyko@ibm.com>
Cc: Xiubo Li <xiubli@redhat.com>
Cc: Yu-Sheng Huang <home7438072@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>