sched_ext: Introduce scx_task_sched[_rcu]()

sched_ext: Introduce scx_task_sched[_rcu]()

In preparation of multiple scheduler support, add p->scx.sched which points
to the scx_sched instance that the task is scheduled by, which is currently
always scx_root. Add scx_task_sched[_rcu]() accessors which return the
associated scx_sched of the specified task and replace the raw scx_root
dereferences with it where applicable. scx_task_on_sched() is also added to
test whether a given task is on the specified sched.

As scx_root is still the only scheduler, this shouldn't introduce
user-visible behavior changes.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Andrea Righi <arighi@nvidia.com>