[3.13] gh-139837: Document attributes of objects recorded by warnings.catch_warnings...

[3.13] gh-139837: Document attributes of objects recorded by warnings.catch_warnings (GH-139893) (GH-151473) (#151494)

[3.14] gh-139837: Document attributes of objects recorded by warnings.catch_warnings (GH-139893) (GH-151473)

* gh-139837: Document attributes of objects recorded by warnings.catch_warnings (GH-139893)
(cherry picked from commit 47b7dc788c9bcf3d5ea69a2ea0aed3d5883647a8)

* Apply suggestions from code review

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(cherry picked from commit eb612f4571299d3cc73411574e2f95e299a36198)

Co-authored-by: Aniket <148300120+Aniketsy@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Victor Stinner <vstinner@python.org>
Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>