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(cuted from the \214le whose name is the e).15 E(xpanded v)-.15 E 2.5
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669.6 R F6(SHELL GRAMMAR)72 686.4 Q F0
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/Times-Bold@0 SF -.27(BA)144 96 S(SH_REMA).27 E(TCH)-.855 E F0 1.13
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-(ords follo)-.1 F(wing)-.25 E F3(in)2.924 E F0 .423(is e)2.924 F .423
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(once for each positional parameter that is set \(see)3.148 F F1 -.666
-(PA)3.148 G(RAMETERS).666 E F0(belo)2.898 E(w\).)-.25 E .153
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F0(\(\()2.5 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(;)2.5 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2
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-(luated according to the rules described belo).25 F 3.735(wu)-.25 G
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-3.062 F -.25(va)-.25 G .562(luated repeatedly until).25 F .592(it e)144
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+(luated according to the rules described belo).25 F 3.736(wu)-.25 G
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F2 -.2(ex)3.092 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.25(eva)3.092 G .592
-(luates to a non-zero v).25 F(alue,)-.25 E F2(list)3.092 E F0 .591(is e)
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-E -.15(ex)144 446.4 S(pressions is in).15 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid.).25 E F3
-(select)108 463.2 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F3(in)2.5 E F2(wor)2.5 E(d)
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+E -.15(ex)144 458.4 S(pressions is in).15 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid.).25 E F3
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(ach preceded by a number)-3.342 F 5.842(.I)-.55 G 3.342(ft)-5.842 G(he)
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(Otherwise, it is the e)5.183 F(xit)-.15 E(status of the last command e)
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-(command continuously e)3.45 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .95(cutes the list).15 F
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-(ord that intro-)-.1 F 1.121(duces a compound command.)108 480 R(If)
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-(wed; this is to a)-.25 F -.2(vo)-.2 G(id).2 E(confusion between)108 492
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-(ord of the simple command.)-.1 E .09(When the coprocess is e)108 508.8
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R -.15(xe)-.15 G .09(cuted, the shell creates an array v).15 F .09
(ariable \(see)-.25 F F2(Arrays)2.59 E F0(belo)2.59 E .09(w\) named)-.25
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-(xt of the e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .302(cuting shell.).15 F .302
+F F1 -.27(NA)2.59 G(ME).27 E F0 .09(in the)2.59 F(conte)108 532.8 Q .303
+(xt of the e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .303(cuting shell.).15 F .302
(The standard output of)5.302 F F1(command)3.002 E F0 .302
-(is connected via a pipe to a \214le descriptor)3.572 F .588(in the e)
-108 532.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .587
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(cuting shell, and that \214le descriptor is assigned to).15 F F1 -.27
(NA)3.087 G(ME).27 E F0 3.087([0]. The)B .587(standard input of)3.087 F
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-(connected via a pipe to a \214le descriptor in the e)108 544.8 R -.15
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(xe)-.15 G 2.029
(cuting shell, and that \214le descriptor is assigned to).15 F F1 -.27
-(NA)108 556.8 S(ME).27 E F0 2.879([1]. This)B .379
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(pipe is established before an)2.879 F 2.879(yr)-.15 G .379
(edirections speci\214ed by the command \(see)-2.879 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0
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(guments to shell commands and redirections using stan-)-.18 F .286
-(dard w)108 580.8 R .286(ord e)-.1 F 2.786(xpansions. Other)-.15 F .286
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(cute command and process substitutions, the \214le de-).15 F
-(scriptors are not a)108 592.8 Q -.25(va)-.2 G(ilable in subshells.).25
-E 1.676(The process ID of the shell spa)108 609.6 R 1.676(wned to e)-.15
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F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.676(cute the coprocess is a).15 F -.25(va)-.2 G 1.676
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-(NA)108 621.6 S(ME).27 E F0 2.5(_PID. The)B F2(wait)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5
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G(iltin command may be used to w).2 E
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(name of one of the POSIX)144 192 R F1 .089(special b)2.589 F(uiltins)
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(it status of a function de\214-).15 F .579(nition is zero unless a syn\
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(cuted, the e).15 F .093(xit status of a function is the e)-.15 F .093
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72 268.8 Q F0 .982(In a non-interacti)108 280.8 R 1.282 -.15(ve s)-.25 H
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(hell in which the).15 F F2(interacti)3.482 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(_comments).1
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(ords from being recognized as)-.1 F(such, and to pre)108 381.6 Q -.15
-(ve)-.25 G(nt parameter e).15 E(xpansion.)-.15 E .289(Each of the)108
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-(listed abo)2.789 F .588 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F3(DEFINITIONS)
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(When the command history e)108 427.2 R 1.344(xpansion f)-.15 F 1.344
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(Enclosing characters in single quotes preserv)108 525.6 R .295
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--.25 G 2.5(nw).15 G(hen preceded by a backslash.)-2.5 E .034
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(alue of all characters within the quotes, with the)-.25 F -.15(ex)108
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(wing characters:)-.25 F F2($)3.102 E F0(,)A F2<92>3.102 E F0(,)A F2(")
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(double quotes by preceding it with a backslash.)108 614.4 R .131
-(If enabled, history e)5.131 F .131
-(xpansion will be performed unless an)-.15 F F2(!)2.631 E F0
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(appearing in double quotes is escaped using a backslash.)108 626.4 Q
(The backslash preceding the)5 E F2(!)2.5 E F0(is not remo)5 E -.15(ve)
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(string)A F0 2.649<0861>C .149(re treated as a special v)-2.649 F .149
-(ariant of single quotes.)-.25 F .148(The sequence e)5.148 F(x-)-.15 E
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(xadecimal v)-.15 E(alue)-.25 E F2(HH)2.5 E F0(\(one or tw)2.5 E 2.5(oh)
-.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E F1(\\u)144 240 Q F2(HHHH)A F0
-1.507(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 252 R 1.506
-(alue is the he)-.25 F 1.506(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHH)
-4.006 E F0(\(one to four he)180 264 Q 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\))-2.5 E F1
-(\\U)144 276 Q F2(HHHHHHHH)A F0 .547
+1.506(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 252 R 1.507
+(alue is the he)-.25 F 1.507(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHH)
+4.007 E F0(\(one to four he)180 264 Q 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\))-2.5 E F1
+(\\U)144 276 Q F2(HHHHHHHH)A F0 .548
(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 288 R .547
-(alue is the he)-.25 F .548(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHHH-)
-3.048 E(HHH)180 300 Q F0(\(one to eight he)2.5 E 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\))
+(alue is the he)-.25 F .547(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHHH-)
+3.047 E(HHH)180 300 Q F0(\(one to eight he)2.5 E 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\))
-2.5 E F1(\\c)144 312 Q F2(x)A F0 2.5(ac)180 312 S(ontrol-)-2.5 E F2(x)A
F0(character)2.5 E(The e)108 328.8 Q(xpanded result is single-quoted, a\
s if the dollar sign had not been present.)-.15 E 2.64(Ad)108 345.6 S
.14(ouble-quoted string preceded by a dollar sign \()-2.64 F F1($)A F0
(")A F2(string)A F0 .14
-("\) will cause the string to be translated according)B .784
-(to the current locale.)108 357.6 R(The)5.784 E F2 -.1(ge)3.284 G(tte).1
+("\) will cause the string to be translated according)B .785
+(to the current locale.)108 357.6 R(The)5.785 E F2 -.1(ge)3.284 G(tte).1
E(xt)-.2 E F0 .784
(infrastructure performs the lookup and translation, using the)3.284 F
-F1(LC_MES-)3.285 E(SA)108 369.6 Q(GES)-.55 E F0(,)A F1(TEXTDOMAINDIR)
-2.761 E F0 2.761(,a)C(nd)-2.761 E F1(TEXTDOMAIN)2.761 E F0 .261(shell v)
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2.761 F 2.761(ariables. If)-.25 F .261(the current locale is)2.761 F F1
-(C)2.76 E F0(or)2.76 E F1(POSIX)2.76 E F0(,)A .791
-(if there are no translations a)108 381.6 R -.25(va)-.2 G .792(ilable, \
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+(if there are no translations a)108 381.6 R -.25(va)-.2 G .791(ilable, \
or if the string is not translated, the dollar sign is ignored.).25 F
-.792(This is a)5.792 F .535
+.791(This is a)5.791 F .534
(form of double quoting, so the string remains double-quoted by def)108
-393.6 R .534(ault, whether or not it is translated and)-.1 F 2.797
-(replaced. If)108 405.6 R(the)2.797 E F1(noexpand_translation)2.797 E F0
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+(replaced. If)108 405.6 R(the)2.798 E F1(noexpand_translation)2.797 E F0
.297(option is enabled using the)2.797 F F1(shopt)2.797 E F0 -.2(bu)
-2.797 G .297(iltin, translated strings are sin-).2 F 2.045
+2.797 G .297(iltin, translated strings are sin-).2 F 2.044
(gle-quoted instead of double-quoted.)108 417.6 R 2.044
-(See the description of)7.045 F F1(shopt)4.544 E F0(belo)4.544 E 4.544
-(wu)-.25 G(nder)-4.544 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL)4.544 E/F4 9
+(See the description of)7.044 F F1(shopt)4.545 E F0(belo)4.545 E 4.545
+(wu)-.25 G(nder)-4.545 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL)4.545 E/F4 9
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429.6 Q F4(.)A/F5 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF -.81(PA)72 446.4 S(RAMETERS).81
-E F0(A)108 458.4 Q F2(par)4.574 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .824
-(is an entity that stores v)4.054 F 3.324(alues. It)-.25 F .824
-(can be a)3.324 F F2(name)3.685 E F0 3.325(,an).18 G(umber)-3.325 E
-3.325(,o)-.4 G 3.325(ro)-3.325 G .825(ne of the special characters)
--3.325 F .802(listed belo)108 470.4 R 3.302(wu)-.25 G(nder)-3.302 E F1
-.802(Special P)3.302 F(arameters)-.1 E F0 5.802(.A)C F2(variable)-2.21 E
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+.914(occurs within double quotes, it e)144 523.2 R .914
+(xpands to a single w)-.15 F .915(ord with the v)-.1 F .915
+(alue of each parameter sepa-)-.25 F .891
(rated by the \214rst character of the)144 535.2 R F4(IFS)3.39 E F0 .89
-(special v)3.14 F 3.39(ariable. That)-.25 F .891(is, ")3.391 F F1($*)A
-F0 3.391("i)C 3.391(se)-3.391 G(qui)-3.391 E -.25(va)-.25 G .891
-(lent to ").25 F F1($1)A F2(c)A F1($2)A F2(c)A F1(...)A F0(",)A(where)
-144 547.2 Q F2(c)3.533 E F0 .832(is the \214rst character of the v)3.643
-F .832(alue of the)-.25 F F4(IFS)3.332 E F0 -.25(va)3.082 G 3.332
-(riable. If).25 F F4(IFS)3.332 E F0 .832(is unset, the parameters are)
-3.082 F(separated by spaces.)144 559.2 Q(If)5 E F4(IFS)2.5 E F0
+(special v)3.14 F 3.39(ariable. That)-.25 F .89(is, ")3.39 F F1($*)A F0
+3.39("i)C 3.39(se)-3.39 G(qui)-3.39 E -.25(va)-.25 G .89(lent to ").25 F
+F1($1)A F2(c)A F1($2)A F2(c)A F1(...)A F0(",)A(where)144 547.2 Q F2(c)
+3.532 E F0 .832(is the \214rst character of the v)3.642 F .832
+(alue of the)-.25 F F4(IFS)3.332 E F0 -.25(va)3.082 G 3.332(riable. If)
+.25 F F4(IFS)3.332 E F0 .833(is unset, the parameters are)3.082 F
+(separated by spaces.)144 559.2 Q(If)5 E F4(IFS)2.5 E F0
(is null, the parameters are joined without interv)2.25 E
(ening separators.)-.15 E F1(@)108 571.2 Q F0 .722
(Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one.)144 571.2 R
-.722(In conte)5.722 F .722(xts where w)-.15 F .723(ord splitting is per)
+.722(In conte)5.722 F .722(xts where w)-.15 F .722(ord splitting is per)
-.1 F(-)-.2 E 1.165(formed, this e)144 583.2 R 1.165
(xpands each positional parameter to a separate w)-.15 F 1.165
-(ord; if not within double quotes,)-.1 F .654(these w)144 595.2 R .654
+(ord; if not within double quotes,)-.1 F .655(these w)144 595.2 R .655
(ords are subject to w)-.1 F .655(ord splitting.)-.1 F .655(In conte)
-5.655 F .655(xts where w)-.15 F .655
+5.655 F .655(xts where w)-.15 F .654
(ord splitting is not performed, this)-.1 F -.15(ex)144 607.2 S .748
(pands to a single w).15 F .748
(ord with each positional parameter separated by a space.)-.1 F .748
-(When the e)5.748 F(xpan-)-.15 E 1.09
+(When the e)5.748 F(xpan-)-.15 E 1.091
(sion occurs within double quotes, each parameter e)144 619.2 R 1.091
-(xpands to a separate w)-.15 F 3.591(ord. That)-.1 F 1.091(is, ")3.591 F
-F1($@)A F0 3.591("i)C(s)-3.591 E(equi)144 631.2 Q -.25(va)-.25 G .413
-(lent to ").25 F F1($1)A F0 2.913("")C F1($2)-2.913 E F0 2.913(".)C
-2.913(.. If)-2.913 F .413(the double-quoted e)2.913 F .413
-(xpansion occurs within a w)-.15 F .412(ord, the e)-.1 F .412
-(xpansion of)-.15 F .379(the \214rst parameter is joined with the be)144
-643.2 R .379(ginning part of the original w)-.15 F .38(ord, and the e)
--.1 F .38(xpansion of the)-.15 F .771
+(xpands to a separate w)-.15 F 3.59(ord. That)-.1 F 1.09(is, ")3.59 F F1
+($@)A F0 3.59("i)C(s)-3.59 E(equi)144 631.2 Q -.25(va)-.25 G .412
+(lent to ").25 F F1($1)A F0 2.912("")C F1($2)-2.912 E F0 2.912(".)C
+2.912(.. If)-2.912 F .413(the double-quoted e)2.913 F .413
+(xpansion occurs within a w)-.15 F .413(ord, the e)-.1 F .413
+(xpansion of)-.15 F .38(the \214rst parameter is joined with the be)144
+643.2 R .379(ginning part of the original w)-.15 F .379(ord, and the e)
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(last parameter is joined with the last part of the original w)144 655.2
-R 3.271(ord. When)-.1 F .771(there are no positional pa-)3.271 F
+R 3.271(ord. When)-.1 F .772(there are no positional pa-)3.271 F
(rameters, ")144 667.2 Q F1($@)A F0 2.5("a)C(nd)-2.5 E F1($@)2.5 E F0
-.15(ex)2.5 G(pand to nothing \(i.e., the).15 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re remo)
-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(d\).).15 E F1(#)108 679.2 Q F0
(Expands to the number of positional parameters in decimal.)144 679.2 Q
F1(?)108 691.2 Q F0(Expands to the e)144 691.2 Q
(xit status of the most recently e)-.15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted fore).15
-E(ground pipeline.)-.15 E F1<ad>108 703.2 Q F0 .881
+E(ground pipeline.)-.15 E F1<ad>108 703.2 Q F0 .882
(Expands to the current option \215ags as speci\214ed upon in)144 703.2
-R -.2(vo)-.4 G .881(cation, by the).2 F F1(set)3.382 E F0 -.2(bu)3.382 G
-.882(iltin command, or).2 F(those set by the shell itself \(such as the)
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144 715.2 Q F1<ad69>2.5 E F0(option\).)2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q
-(2022 May 2)150.675 E(10)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
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%%Page: 11 11
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er e)144 108 R -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E
(as an asynchronous command or using the)144 120 Q F1(bg)2.5 E F0 -.2
(bu)2.5 G(iltin \(see).2 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(JOB CONTR)2.5 E(OL)-.27
-E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(0)108 132 Q F0 .887
+E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(0)108 132 Q F0 .886
(Expands to the name of the shell or shell script.)144 132 R .886
-(This is set at shell initialization.)5.886 F(If)5.886 E F1(bash)3.386 E
-F0 .886(is in-)3.386 F -.2(vo)144 144 S -.1(ke).2 G 2.667(dw).1 G .167
-(ith a \214le of commands,)-2.667 F F1($0)2.667 E F0 .167
+(This is set at shell initialization.)5.886 F(If)5.887 E F1(bash)3.387 E
+F0 .887(is in-)3.387 F -.2(vo)144 144 S -.1(ke).2 G 2.668(dw).1 G .168
+(ith a \214le of commands,)-2.668 F F1($0)2.668 E F0 .167
(is set to the name of that \214le.)2.667 F(If)5.167 E F1(bash)2.667 E
-F0 .168(is started with the)2.668 F F1<ad63>2.668 E F0(op-)2.668 E .896
-(tion, then)144 156 R F1($0)3.396 E F0 .895(is set to the \214rst ar)
-3.396 F .895(gument after the string to be e)-.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .895
-(cuted, if one is present.).15 F(Other)5.895 E(-)-.2 E
+F0 .167(is started with the)2.667 F F1<ad63>2.667 E F0(op-)2.667 E .895
+(tion, then)144 156 R F1($0)3.395 E F0 .895(is set to the \214rst ar)
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+(cuted, if one is present.).15 F(Other)5.896 E(-)-.2 E
(wise, it is set to the \214lename used to in)144 168 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1
(ke).2 G F1(bash)2.6 E F0 2.5(,a)C 2.5(sg)-2.5 G -2.15 -.25(iv e)-2.5 H
2.5(nb).25 G 2.5(ya)-2.5 G -.18(rg)-2.5 G(ument zero.).18 E F1(Shell V)
87 184.8 Q(ariables)-.92 E F0(The follo)108 196.8 Q(wing v)-.25 E
-(ariables are set by the shell:)-.25 E F1(_)108 213.6 Q F0 1.525
+(ariables are set by the shell:)-.25 E F1(_)108 213.6 Q F0 1.526
(At shell startup, set to the pathname used to in)144 213.6 R -.2(vo)-.4
-G 1.725 -.1(ke t).2 H 1.526(he shell or shell script being e).1 F -.15
-(xe)-.15 G 1.526(cuted as).15 F .174(passed in the en)144 225.6 R .174
+G 1.725 -.1(ke t).2 H 1.525(he shell or shell script being e).1 F -.15
+(xe)-.15 G 1.525(cuted as).15 F .173(passed in the en)144 225.6 R .173
(vironment or ar)-.4 F .173(gument list.)-.18 F(Subsequently)5.173 E
-2.673(,e)-.65 G .173(xpands to the last ar)-2.823 F .173
-(gument to the pre-)-.18 F .336(vious simple command e)144 237.6 R -.15
-(xe)-.15 G .336(cuted in the fore).15 F .336(ground, after e)-.15 F
-2.837(xpansion. Also)-.15 F .337(set to the full pathname)2.837 F .366
-(used to in)144 249.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G .566 -.1(ke e).2 H .366
+2.673(,e)-.65 G .173(xpands to the last ar)-2.823 F .174
+(gument to the pre-)-.18 F .337(vious simple command e)144 237.6 R -.15
+(xe)-.15 G .337(cuted in the fore).15 F .336(ground, after e)-.15 F
+2.836(xpansion. Also)-.15 F .336(set to the full pathname)2.836 F .365
+(used to in)144 249.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G .565 -.1(ke e).2 H .365
(ach command e).1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .366(cuted and placed in the en).15 F
-.365(vironment e)-.4 F .365(xported to that command.)-.15 F(When checki\
+.366(vironment e)-.4 F .366(xported to that command.)-.15 F(When checki\
ng mail, this parameter holds the name of the mail \214le currently bei\
ng check)144 261.6 Q(ed.)-.1 E F1 -.3(BA)108 273.6 S(SH).3 E F0
(Expands to the full \214lename used to in)144 273.6 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G .2
-.1(ke t).2 H(his instance of).1 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.3(BA)108
-285.6 S(SHOPTS).3 E F0 2.548(Ac)144 297.6 S .049
-(olon-separated list of enabled shell options.)-2.548 F .049(Each w)
+285.6 S(SHOPTS).3 E F0 2.549(Ac)144 297.6 S .049
+(olon-separated list of enabled shell options.)-2.549 F .049(Each w)
5.049 F .049(ord in the list is a v)-.1 F .049(alid ar)-.25 F .049
-(gument for the)-.18 F F1<ad73>2.549 E F0 .116(option to the)144 309.6 R
+(gument for the)-.18 F F1<ad73>2.548 E F0 .115(option to the)144 309.6 R
F1(shopt)2.616 E F0 -.2(bu)2.616 G .116(iltin command \(see).2 F F2 .116
(SHELL B)2.616 F(UIL)-.09 E .116(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)2.366 E
-2.616(w\). The)-.25 F .115(options ap-)2.615 F 1.066(pearing in)144
-321.6 R F2 -.27(BA)3.566 G(SHOPTS).27 E F0 1.066(are those reported as)
-3.316 F/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(on)3.796 E F0(by)3.807 E F1(shopt)3.567
-E F0 6.067(.I)C 3.567(ft)-6.067 G 1.067(his v)-3.567 F 1.067
+2.616(w\). The)-.25 F .116(options ap-)2.616 F 1.067(pearing in)144
+321.6 R F2 -.27(BA)3.567 G(SHOPTS).27 E F0 1.067(are those reported as)
+3.317 F/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(on)3.797 E F0(by)3.807 E F1(shopt)3.567
+E F0 6.066(.I)C 3.566(ft)-6.066 G 1.066(his v)-3.566 F 1.066
(ariable is in the en)-.25 F(vironment)-.4 E(when)144 333.6 Q F1(bash)
-3.142 E F0 .642(starts up, each shell option in the list will be enable\
-d before reading an)3.142 F 3.141(ys)-.15 G .641(tartup \214les.)-3.141
+3.141 E F0 .642(starts up, each shell option in the list will be enable\
+d before reading an)3.141 F 3.142(ys)-.15 G .642(tartup \214les.)-3.142
F(This v)144 345.6 Q(ariable is read-only)-.25 E(.)-.65 E F1 -.3(BA)108
-357.6 S(SHPID).3 E F0 .187(Expands to the process ID of the current)144
-369.6 R F1(bash)2.687 E F0 2.688(process. This)2.688 F(dif)2.688 E .188
-(fers from)-.25 F F1($$)2.688 E F0 .188(under certain circum-)2.688 F
+357.6 S(SHPID).3 E F0 .188(Expands to the process ID of the current)144
+369.6 R F1(bash)2.688 E F0 2.687(process. This)2.687 F(dif)2.687 E .187
+(fers from)-.25 F F1($$)2.687 E F0 .187(under certain circum-)2.687 F
.548(stances, such as subshells that do not require)144 381.6 R F1(bash)
-3.048 E F0 .548(to be re-initialized.)3.048 F .548(Assignments to)5.548
-F F2 -.27(BA)3.048 G(SHPID).27 E F0(ha)144 393.6 Q .3 -.15(ve n)-.2 H
+3.048 E F0 .548(to be re-initialized.)3.048 F .549(Assignments to)5.549
+F F2 -.27(BA)3.049 G(SHPID).27 E F0(ha)144 393.6 Q .3 -.15(ve n)-.2 H
2.5(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.5 G 2.5(ect. If).25 F F1 -.3(BA)2.5 G(SHPID).3 E
F0(is unset, it loses its special properties, e)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5
(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)
(ve)-.25 G .96 -.4(r, u).15 H(nsetting).4 E 4.503
(array elements currently does not cause aliases to be remo)144 441.6 R
-.15(ve)-.15 G 7.003(df).15 G 4.503(rom the alias list.)-7.003 F(If)
-9.503 E F1 -.3(BA)144 453.6 S(SH_ALIASES).3 E F0
+9.502 E F1 -.3(BA)144 453.6 S(SH_ALIASES).3 E F0
(is unset, it loses its special properties, e)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5
(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)
--2.5 E F1 -.3(BA)108 465.6 S(SH_ARGC).3 E F0 .935(An array v)144 477.6 R
-.935(ariable whose v)-.25 F .934
+-2.5 E F1 -.3(BA)108 465.6 S(SH_ARGC).3 E F0 .934(An array v)144 477.6 R
+.934(ariable whose v)-.25 F .934
(alues are the number of parameters in each frame of the current)-.25 F
-F1(bash)3.434 E F0 -.15(exe)144 489.6 S .535(cution call stack.).15 F
+F1(bash)3.435 E F0 -.15(exe)144 489.6 S .535(cution call stack.).15 F
.535(The number of parameters to the current subroutine \(shell functio\
-n or script)5.535 F -.15(exe)144 501.6 S .142(cuted with).15 F F1(.)
-2.642 E F0(or)2.642 E F1(sour)2.642 E(ce)-.18 E F0 2.642(\)i)C 2.642(sa)
--2.642 G 2.642(tt)-2.642 G .142(he top of the stack.)-2.642 F .141
-(When a subroutine is e)5.141 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .141
+n or script)5.535 F -.15(exe)144 501.6 S .141(cuted with).15 F F1(.)
+2.641 E F0(or)2.641 E F1(sour)2.641 E(ce)-.18 E F0 2.641(\)i)C 2.641(sa)
+-2.641 G 2.641(tt)-2.641 G .142(he top of the stack.)-2.641 F .142
+(When a subroutine is e)5.142 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .142
(cuted, the number of).15 F 1.265(parameters passed is pushed onto)144
513.6 R F2 -.27(BA)3.765 G(SH_ARGC).27 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0
1.265(The shell sets)5.765 F F2 -.27(BA)3.765 G(SH_ARGC).27 E F0 1.265
-(only when in e)3.515 F(x-)-.15 E .948(tended deb)144 525.6 R .947
+(only when in e)3.515 F(x-)-.15 E .947(tended deb)144 525.6 R .947
(ugging mode \(see the description of the)-.2 F F1(extdeb)3.447 E(ug)-.2
-E F0 .947(option to the)3.447 F F1(shopt)3.447 E F0 -.2(bu)3.447 G .947
-(iltin belo).2 F(w\).)-.25 E(Setting)144 537.6 Q F1(extdeb)3.362 E(ug)
--.2 E F0 .862(after the shell has started to e)3.362 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
-.863(cute a script, or referencing this v).15 F .863(ariable when)-.25 F
+E F0 .947(option to the)3.447 F F1(shopt)3.447 E F0 -.2(bu)3.448 G .948
+(iltin belo).2 F(w\).)-.25 E(Setting)144 537.6 Q F1(extdeb)3.363 E(ug)
+-.2 E F0 .863(after the shell has started to e)3.363 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
+.862(cute a script, or referencing this v).15 F .862(ariable when)-.25 F
F1(extdeb)144 549.6 Q(ug)-.2 E F0
(is not set, may result in inconsistent v)2.5 E(alues.)-.25 E F1 -.3(BA)
-108 561.6 S(SH_ARGV).3 E F0 .207(An array v)144 573.6 R .206
+108 561.6 S(SH_ARGV).3 E F0 .206(An array v)144 573.6 R .206
(ariable containing all of the parameters in the current)-.25 F F1(bash)
-2.706 E F0 -.15(exe)2.706 G .206(cution call stack.).15 F .206
-(The \214-)5.206 F .567(nal parameter of the last subroutine call is at\
+2.706 E F0 -.15(exe)2.706 G .207(cution call stack.).15 F .207
+(The \214-)5.207 F .567(nal parameter of the last subroutine call is at\
the top of the stack; the \214rst parameter of the initial)144 585.6 R
1.424(call is at the bottom.)144 597.6 R 1.424(When a subroutine is e)
6.424 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.424
(cuted, the parameters supplied are pushed onto).15 F F2 -.27(BA)144
-609.6 S(SH_ARGV).27 E F4(.)A F0 .853(The shell sets)5.353 F F2 -.27(BA)
-3.353 G(SH_ARGV).27 E F0 .853(only when in e)3.103 F .854(xtended deb)
--.15 F .854(ugging mode \(see the de-)-.2 F .476(scription of the)144
-621.6 R F1(extdeb)2.976 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .476(option to the)2.976 F F1
+609.6 S(SH_ARGV).27 E F4(.)A F0 .854(The shell sets)5.354 F F2 -.27(BA)
+3.354 G(SH_ARGV).27 E F0 .853(only when in e)3.104 F .853(xtended deb)
+-.15 F .853(ugging mode \(see the de-)-.2 F .475(scription of the)144
+621.6 R F1(extdeb)2.975 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .475(option to the)2.975 F F1
(shopt)2.975 E F0 -.2(bu)2.975 G .475(iltin belo).2 F 2.975
-(w\). Setting)-.25 F F1(extdeb)2.975 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .475
-(after the shell has)2.975 F .45(started to e)144 633.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G
+(w\). Setting)-.25 F F1(extdeb)2.976 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .476
+(after the shell has)2.976 F .45(started to e)144 633.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G
.45(cute a script, or referencing this v).15 F .45(ariable when)-.25 F
F1(extdeb)2.95 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .45(is not set, may result in in-)2.95 F
(consistent v)144 645.6 Q(alues.)-.25 E F1 -.3(BA)108 657.6 S(SH_ARGV0)
-.3 E F0 .251(When referenced, this v)144 669.6 R .251(ariable e)-.25 F
+.3 E F0 .25(When referenced, this v)144 669.6 R .25(ariable e)-.25 F
.251(xpands to the name of the shell or shell script \(identical to)-.15
-F F1($0)2.75 E F0 2.75(;s)C(ee)-2.75 E .04
+F F1($0)2.751 E F0 2.751(;s)C(ee)-2.751 E .041
(the description of special parameter 0 abo)144 681.6 R -.15(ve)-.15 G
2.541(\). Assignment).15 F(to)2.541 E F1 -.3(BA)2.541 G(SH_ARGV0).3 E F0
-.041(causes the v)2.541 F .041(alue as-)-.25 F .216
+.04(causes the v)2.541 F .04(alue as-)-.25 F .216
(signed to also be assigned to)144 693.6 R F1($0)2.716 E F0 5.216(.I)C
(f)-5.216 E F1 -.3(BA)2.716 G(SH_ARGV0).3 E F0 .216
(is unset, it loses its special properties, e)2.716 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-2.715(ni).15 G(f)-2.715 E(it is subsequently reset.)144 705.6 Q
-(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 May 2)150.675 E(11)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
+2.716(ni).15 G(f)-2.716 E(it is subsequently reset.)144 705.6 Q
+(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 June 3)150.675 E(11)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
-SF -.3(BA)108 84 S(SH_CMDS).3 E F0 .667(An associati)144 96 R .967 -.15
-(ve a)-.25 H .667(rray v).15 F .668(ariable whose members correspond to\
- the internal hash table of commands)-.25 F .196(as maintained by the)
-144 108 R F1(hash)2.696 E F0 -.2(bu)2.696 G 2.696(iltin. Elements).2 F
-.195(added to this array appear in the hash table; ho)2.696 F(we)-.25 E
+SF -.3(BA)108 84 S(SH_CMDS).3 E F0 .668(An associati)144 96 R .968 -.15
+(ve a)-.25 H .668(rray v).15 F .668(ariable whose members correspond to\
+ the internal hash table of commands)-.25 F .195(as maintained by the)
+144 108 R F1(hash)2.695 E F0 -.2(bu)2.695 G 2.695(iltin. Elements).2 F
+.196(added to this array appear in the hash table; ho)2.696 F(we)-.25 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G -.4(r,).15 G .852(unsetting array elements currently doe\
s not cause command names to be remo)144 120 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.352(df)
-.15 G .853(rom the hash)-3.352 F 2.5(table. If)144 132 R F1 -.3(BA)2.5 G
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(SH_CMDS).3 E F0(is unset, it loses its special properties, e)2.5 E -.15
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-(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1 -.3(BA)108 144 S(SH_COMMAND).3 E F0 1.243
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(The command currently being e)144 156 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.243
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-(cuted, unless the shell is e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.242(cuting a).15 F
-.262(command as the result of a trap, in which case it is the command e)
-144 168 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .263(cuting at the time of the trap.).15 F(If)
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+(cuted, unless the shell is e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.243(cuting a).15 F
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144 180 Q F1 -.3(BA)2.5 G(SH_COMMAND).3 E F0
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(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)
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144 204 Q(gument to the)-.18 E F1<ad63>2.5 E F0(in)2.5 E -.2(vo)-.4 G
-(cation option.).2 E F1 -.3(BA)108 216 S(SH_LINENO).3 E F0 .693
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(An array v)144 228 R .692(ariable whose members are the line numbers i\
-n source \214les where each corresponding)-.25 F .969(member of)144 240
-R/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(FUNCN)3.469 E(AME)-.18 E F0 -.1(wa)3.219 G 3.469
-(si).1 G -1.9 -.4(nv o)-3.469 H -.1(ke).4 G(d.).1 E F1(${B)5.969 E
-(ASH_LINENO[)-.3 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF($i)A F1(]})A F0 .97
-(is the line number in the source)3.469 F 14.672(\214le \()144 252 R F1
-(${B)A(ASH_SOURCE[)-.3 E F3($i+1)A F1(]})A F0 17.172(\)w)C(here)-17.172
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+/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(FUNCN)3.47 E(AME)-.18 E F0 -.1(wa)3.22 G 3.47(si)
+.1 G -1.9 -.4(nv o)-3.47 H -.1(ke).4 G(d.).1 E F1(${B)5.969 E
+(ASH_LINENO[)-.3 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF($i)A F1(]})A F0 .969
+(is the line number in the source)3.469 F 14.671(\214le \()144 252 R F1
+(${B)A(ASH_SOURCE[)-.3 E F3($i+1)A F1(]})A F0 17.171(\)w)C(here)-17.171
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(if referenced within another shell function\).)2.615 F(Use)5.115 E F2
(LINENO)2.615 E F0 .115(to obtain the)2.365 F(current line number)144
-.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0 4.07(Ac)144 300 S 1.57(olon-separated list of\
directories in which the shell looks for dynamically loadable b)-4.07 F
(uiltins)-.2 E(speci\214ed by the)144 312 Q F1(enable)2.5 E F0(command.)
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-336 R .005(ariable whose members are assigned by the)-.25 F F1(=~)2.506
-E F0 .006(binary operator to the)2.506 F F1([[)2.506 E F0 .006
-(conditional com-)2.506 F 2.507(mand. The)144 348 R .007
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-(he portion of the string matching the entire re)-2.507 F .006(gular e)
--.15 F(xpression.)-.15 E .997(The element with inde)144 360 R(x)-.15 E
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-Q F1 -.3(BA)108 384 S(SH_SOURCE).3 E F0 .126(An array v)144 396 R .125(\
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+336 R .006(ariable whose members are assigned by the)-.25 F F1(=~)2.506
+E F0 .005(binary operator to the)2.506 F F1([[)2.505 E F0 .005
+(conditional com-)2.505 F 2.506(mand. The)144 348 R .007
+(element with inde)2.506 F 2.507(x0i)-.15 G 2.507(st)-2.507 G .007
+(he portion of the string matching the entire re)-2.507 F .007(gular e)
+-.15 F(xpression.)-.15 E .998(The element with inde)144 360 R(x)-.15 E
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+Q F1 -.3(BA)108 384 S(SH_SOURCE).3 E F0 .125(An array v)144 396 R .125(\
ariable whose members are the source \214lenames where the correspondin\
-g shell function)-.25 F .78(names in the)144 408 R F2(FUNCN)3.28 E(AME)
+g shell function)-.25 F .781(names in the)144 408 R F2(FUNCN)3.28 E(AME)
-.18 E F0 .78(array v)3.03 F .78(ariable are de\214ned.)-.25 F .78
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-F0(is)3.281 E(de\214ned in the \214le)144 420 Q F1(${B)2.5 E
-(ASH_SOURCE[)-.3 E F3($i)A F1(]})A F0(and called from)2.5 E F1(${B)2.5 E
-(ASH_SOURCE[)-.3 E F3($i+1)A F1(]})A F0(.)A F1 -.3(BA)108 432 S
-(SH_SUBSHELL).3 E F0 .296
-(Incremented by one within each subshell or subshell en)144 444 R .296
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-(cuting).15 E 1.276(in that en)144 456 R 3.776(vironment. The)-.4 F
-1.276(initial v)3.776 F 1.277(alue is 0.)-.25 F(If)6.277 E F1 -.3(BA)
-3.777 G(SH_SUBSHELL).3 E F0 1.277(is unset, it loses its special)3.777 F
+(The shell function)5.78 F F1(${FUNCN)3.28 E(AME[)-.2 E F3($i)A F1(]})A
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+-.3 E F3($i)A F1(]})A F0(and called from)2.5 E F1(${B)2.5 E(ASH_SOURCE[)
+-.3 E F3($i+1)A F1(]})A F0(.)A F1 -.3(BA)108 432 S(SH_SUBSHELL).3 E F0
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+(cuting).15 E 1.277(in that en)144 456 R 3.777(vironment. The)-.4 F
+1.277(initial v)3.777 F 1.277(alue is 0.)-.25 F(If)6.277 E F1 -.3(BA)
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(properties, e)144 468 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5
(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1 -.3(BA)108 480 S
-(SH_VERSINFO).3 E F0 2.645(Ar)144 492 S .145(eadonly array v)-2.645 F
+(SH_VERSINFO).3 E F0 2.644(Ar)144 492 S .144(eadonly array v)-2.644 F
.144(ariable whose members hold v)-.25 F .144
-(ersion information for this instance of)-.15 F F1(bash)2.644 E F0 5.144
-(.T)C(he)-5.144 E -.25(va)144 504 S
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+(.T)C(he)-5.145 E -.25(va)144 504 S
(lues assigned to the array members are as follo).25 E(ws:)-.25 E F1 -.3
(BA)144 522 S(SH_VERSINFO[).3 E F0(0)A F1(])A F0(The major v)264 522 Q
(ersion number \(the)-.15 E F3 -.37(re)2.5 G(lease).37 E F0(\).)A F1 -.3
/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F1 -.3(BA)108 594 S(SH_VERSION).3 E F0
(Expands to a string describing the v)144 606 Q
(ersion of this instance of)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(COMP_CW)108
-618 Q(ORD)-.1 E F0 .396(An inde)144 630 R 2.896(xi)-.15 G(nto)-2.896 E
+618 Q(ORD)-.1 E F0 .397(An inde)144 630 R 2.897(xi)-.15 G(nto)-2.897 E
F1(${COMP_W)2.896 E(ORDS})-.1 E F0 .396(of the w)2.896 F .396
-(ord containing the current cursor position.)-.1 F .397(This v)5.397 F
-(ari-)-.25 E 1.181(able is a)144 642 R -.25(va)-.2 G 1.181
+(ord containing the current cursor position.)-.1 F .396(This v)5.396 F
+(ari-)-.25 E 1.18(able is a)144 642 R -.25(va)-.2 G 1.181
(ilable only in shell functions in).25 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.681
-(db).1 G 3.681(yt)-3.681 G 1.18(he programmable completion f)-3.681 F
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+(db).1 G 3.681(yt)-3.681 G 1.181(he programmable completion f)-3.681 F
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F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(COMP_KEY)108 666 Q F0(The k)144 678 Q .3
-.15(ey \()-.1 H(or \214nal k).15 E .3 -.15(ey o)-.1 H 2.5(fak).15 G .3
-.15(ey s)-2.6 H(equence\) used to in).15 E -.2(vo)-.4 G .2 -.1(ke t).2
-H(he current completion function.).1 E F1(COMP_LINE)108 690 Q F0 1.207
+H(he current completion function.).1 E F1(COMP_LINE)108 690 Q F0 1.208
(The current command line.)144 702 R 1.208(This v)6.208 F 1.208
(ariable is a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G 1.208
-(ilable only in shell functions and e).25 F 1.208(xternal com-)-.15 F
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1.037(mands in)144 714 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.537(db).1 G 3.537
(yt)-3.537 G 1.037(he programmable completion f)-3.537 F 1.037
(acilities \(see)-.1 F F1(Pr)3.537 E 1.037(ogrammable Completion)-.18 F
F0(be-)3.537 E(lo)144 726 Q(w\).)-.25 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q
-(2022 May 2)150.675 E(12)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
+(2022 June 3)150.675 E(12)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
-SF(COMP_POINT)108 84 Q F0 .666(The inde)144 96 R 3.166(xo)-.15 G 3.166
-(ft)-3.166 G .666(he current cursor position relati)-3.166 F .966 -.15
+SF(COMP_POINT)108 84 Q F0 .667(The inde)144 96 R 3.167(xo)-.15 G 3.167
+(ft)-3.167 G .666(he current cursor position relati)-3.167 F .966 -.15
(ve t)-.25 H 3.166(ot).15 G .666(he be)-3.166 F .666
-(ginning of the current command.)-.15 F .667(If the)5.667 F .535
+(ginning of the current command.)-.15 F .666(If the)5.666 F .534
(current cursor position is at the end of the current command, the v)144
-108 R .534(alue of this v)-.25 F .534(ariable is equal to)-.25 F F1
-(${#COMP_LINE})144 120 Q F0 5.704(.T)C .704(his v)-5.704 F .704
+108 R .535(alue of this v)-.25 F .535(ariable is equal to)-.25 F F1
+(${#COMP_LINE})144 120 Q F0 5.705(.T)C .705(his v)-5.705 F .704
(ariable is a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G .704
-(ilable only in shell functions and e).25 F .705(xternal commands in-)
+(ilable only in shell functions and e).25 F .704(xternal commands in-)
-.15 F -.2(vo)144 132 S -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(db).1 G 2.5(yt)-2.5 G
(he programmable completion f)-2.5 E(acilities \(see)-.1 E F1(Pr)2.5 E
(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(COMP_TYPE)108
-144 Q F0 .042(Set to an inte)144 156 R .042(ger v)-.15 F .041(alue corr\
+144 Q F0 .041(Set to an inte)144 156 R .041(ger v)-.15 F .041(alue corr\
esponding to the type of completion attempted that caused a completion)
--.25 F .337(function to be called:)144 168 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.5
+-.25 F .338(function to be called:)144 168 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.5
(TA)2.837 G(B).5 E F0 2.837(,f)C .337(or normal completion,)-2.837 F F2
(?)2.837 E F0 2.837(,f)C .337(or listing completions after successi)
--2.837 F .638 -.15(ve t)-.25 H(abs,).15 E F2(!)144 180 Q F0 3.068(,f)C
-.567(or listing alternati)-3.068 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.067(so).15 G 3.067
+-2.837 F .637 -.15(ve t)-.25 H(abs,).15 E F2(!)144 180 Q F0 3.067(,f)C
+.567(or listing alternati)-3.067 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.067(so).15 G 3.067
(np)-3.067 G .567(artial w)-3.067 F .567(ord completion,)-.1 F F2(@)
3.067 E F0 3.067(,t)C 3.067(ol)-3.067 G .567(ist completions if the w)
--3.067 F .567(ord is not un-)-.1 F .417(modi\214ed, or)144 192 R F2(%)
-2.917 E F0 2.917(,f)C .417(or menu completion.)-2.917 F .417(This v)
-5.417 F .417(ariable is a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G .418
+-3.067 F .567(ord is not un-)-.1 F .418(modi\214ed, or)144 192 R F2(%)
+2.918 E F0 2.918(,f)C .418(or menu completion.)-2.918 F .417(This v)
+5.417 F .417(ariable is a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G .417
(ilable only in shell functions and e).25 F(xter)-.15 E(-)-.2 E .704
(nal commands in)144 204 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.204(db).1 G 3.204
(yt)-3.204 G .704(he programmable completion f)-3.204 F .704
(acilities \(see)-.1 F F1(Pr)3.204 E .704(ogrammable Comple-)-.18 F
(tion)144 216 Q F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(COMP_W)108 228 Q(ORDBREAKS)
--.1 E F0 1.335(The set of characters that the)144 240 R F1 -.18(re)3.836
-G(adline).18 E F0 1.336(library treats as w)3.836 F 1.336
-(ord separators when performing w)-.1 F(ord)-.1 E 3.126(completion. If)
-144 252 R/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMP_W)3.126 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09 E F0 .626
-(is unset, it loses its special properties, e)2.876 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-3.125(ni).15 G 3.125(fi)-3.125 G 3.125(ti)-3.125 G 3.125(ss)-3.125 G
-(ubse-)-3.125 E(quently reset.)144 264 Q F1(COMP_W)108 276 Q(ORDS)-.1 E
-F0 .653(An array v)144 288 R .653(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1(Arrays)3.153 E
-F0(belo)3.153 E .654(w\) consisting of the indi)-.25 F .654(vidual w)
--.25 F .654(ords in the current command)-.1 F 3.192(line. The)144 300 R
+-.1 E F0 1.336(The set of characters that the)144 240 R F1 -.18(re)3.836
+G(adline).18 E F0 1.336(library treats as w)3.836 F 1.335
+(ord separators when performing w)-.1 F(ord)-.1 E 3.125(completion. If)
+144 252 R/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMP_W)3.125 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09 E F0 .626
+(is unset, it loses its special properties, e)2.875 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
+3.126(ni).15 G 3.126(fi)-3.126 G 3.126(ti)-3.126 G 3.126(ss)-3.126 G
+(ubse-)-3.126 E(quently reset.)144 264 Q F1(COMP_W)108 276 Q(ORDS)-.1 E
+F0 .654(An array v)144 288 R .654(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1(Arrays)3.154 E
+F0(belo)3.154 E .654(w\) consisting of the indi)-.25 F .653(vidual w)
+-.25 F .653(ords in the current command)-.1 F 3.191(line. The)144 300 R
.692(line is split into w)3.192 F .692(ords as)-.1 F F1 -.18(re)3.192 G
(adline).18 E F0 -.1(wo)3.192 G .692(uld split it, using).1 F F3(COMP_W)
-3.192 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09 E F0 .691(as de-)2.942 F 1.557(scribed abo)144
-312 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 6.557(.T).15 G 1.557(his v)-6.557 F 1.557
+3.192 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09 E F0 .692(as de-)2.942 F 1.558(scribed abo)144
+312 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 6.558(.T).15 G 1.558(his v)-6.558 F 1.558
(ariable is a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G 1.558
-(ilable only in shell functions in).25 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 4.058
-(db).1 G 4.058(yt)-4.058 G 1.558(he programmable)-4.058 F(completion f)
+(ilable only in shell functions in).25 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 4.057
+(db).1 G 4.057(yt)-4.057 G 1.557(he programmable)-4.057 F(completion f)
144 324 Q(acilities \(see)-.1 E F1(Pr)2.5 E(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E
-F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(COPR)108 336 Q(OC)-.3 E F0 .169(An array v)
-144 348 R .169(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1(Arrays)2.669 E F0(belo)2.669 E
+F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(COPR)108 336 Q(OC)-.3 E F0 .168(An array v)
+144 348 R .168(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1(Arrays)2.668 E F0(belo)2.669 E
.169
(w\) created to hold the \214le descriptors for output from and input)
-.25 F(to an unnamed coprocess \(see)144 360 Q F1(Copr)2.5 E(ocesses)
-.18 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1(DIRST)108 372 Q -.55(AC)
--.9 G(K).55 E F0 .789(An array v)144 384 R .789(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1
-(Arrays)3.289 E F0(belo)3.289 E .789
+-.9 G(K).55 E F0 .79(An array v)144 384 R .79(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1
+(Arrays)3.29 E F0(belo)3.289 E .789
(w\) containing the current contents of the directory stack.)-.25 F(Di-)
-5.79 E .099(rectories appear in the stack in the order the)144 396 R
+5.789 E .099(rectories appear in the stack in the order the)144 396 R
2.599(ya)-.15 G .099(re displayed by the)-2.599 F F1(dirs)2.599 E F0 -.2
-(bu)2.599 G 2.598(iltin. Assigning).2 F .098(to mem-)2.598 F .84
+(bu)2.599 G 2.599(iltin. Assigning).2 F .099(to mem-)2.599 F .84
(bers of this array v)144 408 R .84
(ariable may be used to modify directories already in the stack, b)-.25
-F .84(ut the)-.2 F F1(pushd)3.34 E F0(and)144 420 Q F1(popd)3.451 E F0
--.2(bu)3.451 G .951(iltins must be used to add and remo).2 F 1.251 -.15
-(ve d)-.15 H 3.45(irectories. Assignment).15 F .95(to this v)3.45 F .95
-(ariable will)-.25 F .378(not change the current directory)144 432 R
-5.378(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.378 E F3(DIRST)2.878 E -.495(AC)-.81 G(K).495 E F0
-.379(is unset, it loses its special properties, e)2.628 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-2.879(ni).15 G 2.879(fi)-2.879 G 2.879(ti)-2.879 G(s)-2.879 E
+F .84(ut the)-.2 F F1(pushd)3.34 E F0(and)144 420 Q F1(popd)3.45 E F0
+-.2(bu)3.45 G .951(iltins must be used to add and remo).2 F 1.251 -.15
+(ve d)-.15 H 3.451(irectories. Assignment).15 F .951(to this v)3.451 F
+.951(ariable will)-.25 F .379(not change the current directory)144 432 R
+5.379(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.379 E F3(DIRST)2.879 E -.495(AC)-.81 G(K).495 E F0
+.378(is unset, it loses its special properties, e)2.629 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
+2.878(ni).15 G 2.878(fi)-2.878 G 2.878(ti)-2.878 G(s)-2.878 E
(subsequently reset.)144 444 Q F1(EPOCHREAL)108 456 Q(TIME)-.92 E F0
-.338(Each time this parameter is referenced, it e)144 468 R .337
+.337(Each time this parameter is referenced, it e)144 468 R .338
(xpands to the number of seconds since the Unix Epoch)-.15 F(\(see)144
-480 Q F2(time)2.916 E F0 .416(\(3\)\) as a \215oating point v)B .417
-(alue with micro-second granularity)-.25 F 5.417(.A)-.65 G .417
-(ssignments to)-5.417 F F3(EPOCHRE-)2.917 E(AL)144 492 Q(TIME)-.828 E F0
-1.091(are ignored.)3.341 F(If)6.091 E F3(EPOCHREAL)3.59 E(TIME)-.828 E
-F0 1.09(is unset, it loses its special properties, e)3.34 F -.15(ve)-.25
-G 3.59(ni).15 G 3.59(fi)-3.59 G 3.59(ti)-3.59 G(s)-3.59 E
-(subsequently reset.)144 504 Q F1(EPOCHSECONDS)108 516 Q F0 .337
-(Each time this parameter is referenced, it e)144 528 R .338
+480 Q F2(time)2.917 E F0 .417(\(3\)\) as a \215oating point v)B .416
+(alue with micro-second granularity)-.25 F 5.416(.A)-.65 G .416
+(ssignments to)-5.416 F F3(EPOCHRE-)2.916 E(AL)144 492 Q(TIME)-.828 E F0
+1.09(are ignored.)3.34 F(If)6.09 E F3(EPOCHREAL)3.59 E(TIME)-.828 E F0
+1.09(is unset, it loses its special properties, e)3.34 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
+3.591(ni).15 G 3.591(fi)-3.591 G 3.591(ti)-3.591 G(s)-3.591 E
+(subsequently reset.)144 504 Q F1(EPOCHSECONDS)108 516 Q F0 .338
+(Each time this parameter is referenced, it e)144 528 R .337
(xpands to the number of seconds since the Unix Epoch)-.15 F(\(see)144
-540 Q F2(time)4.042 E F0 4.042(\(3\)\). Assignments)B(to)4.042 E F3
-(EPOCHSECONDS)4.042 E F0 1.542(are ignored.)3.792 F(If)6.542 E F3
-(EPOCHSECONDS)4.041 E F0 1.541(is unset, it)3.791 F
+540 Q F2(time)4.041 E F0 4.041(\(3\)\). Assignments)B(to)4.041 E F3
+(EPOCHSECONDS)4.041 E F0 1.542(are ignored.)3.792 F(If)6.542 E F3
+(EPOCHSECONDS)4.042 E F0 1.542(is unset, it)3.792 F
(loses its special properties, e)144 552 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G
2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1
-(EUID)108 564 Q F0 1.103(Expands to the ef)144 564 R(fecti)-.25 E 1.403
+(EUID)108 564 Q F0 1.104(Expands to the ef)144 564 R(fecti)-.25 E 1.403
-.15(ve u)-.25 H 1.103(ser ID of the current user).15 F 3.603(,i)-.4 G
-1.103(nitialized at shell startup.)-3.603 F 1.104(This v)6.103 F 1.104
+1.103(nitialized at shell startup.)-3.603 F 1.103(This v)6.103 F 1.103
(ariable is)-.25 F(readonly)144 576 Q(.)-.65 E F1(FUNCN)108 588 Q(AME)
--.2 E F0 .479(An array v)144 600 R .479
+-.2 E F0 .478(An array v)144 600 R .479
(ariable containing the names of all shell functions currently in the e)
--.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .478(cution call stack.).15 F .276
-(The element with inde)144 612 R 2.776(x0i)-.15 G 2.776(st)-2.776 G .276
-(he name of an)-2.776 F 2.777(yc)-.15 G(urrently-e)-2.777 E -.15(xe)-.15
-G .277(cuting shell function.).15 F .277(The bottom-most)5.277 F .385
+-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .479(cution call stack.).15 F .277
+(The element with inde)144 612 R 2.777(x0i)-.15 G 2.777(st)-2.777 G .276
+(he name of an)-2.777 F 2.776(yc)-.15 G(urrently-e)-2.776 E -.15(xe)-.15
+G .276(cuting shell function.).15 F .276(The bottom-most)5.276 F .384
(element \(the one with the highest inde)144 624 R .384(x\) is)-.15 F/F4
-10/Courier@0 SF("main")2.884 E F0 5.384(.T)C .384(his v)-5.384 F .384
-(ariable e)-.25 F .384(xists only when a shell func-)-.15 F .075
-(tion is e)144 636 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.575(cuting. Assignments).15 F(to)
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-2.576(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.576 G 2.576(ect. If).25 F F3(FUNCN)2.576 E
-(AME)-.18 E F0 .076(is unset, it loses its)2.326 F
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+(ariable e)-.25 F .385(xists only when a shell func-)-.15 F .076
+(tion is e)144 636 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.576(cuting. Assignments).15 F(to)
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(special properties, e)144 648 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5
-G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E .111(This v)144
+G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E .11(This v)144
666 R .111(ariable can be used with)-.25 F F1 -.3(BA)2.611 G(SH_LINENO)
.3 E F0(and)2.611 E F1 -.3(BA)2.611 G(SH_SOURCE).3 E F0 5.111(.E)C .111
-(ach element of)-5.111 F F1(FUNC-)2.61 E -.2(NA)144 678 S(ME).2 E F0
+(ach element of)-5.111 F F1(FUNC-)2.611 E -.2(NA)144 678 S(ME).2 E F0
1.404(has corresponding elements in)3.904 F F1 -.3(BA)3.904 G(SH_LINENO)
.3 E F0(and)3.904 E F1 -.3(BA)3.904 G(SH_SOURCE).3 E F0 1.404
(to describe the)3.904 F .012(call stack.)144 690 R -.15(Fo)5.012 G
2.512(ri).15 G(nstance,)-2.512 E F1(${FUNCN)2.512 E(AME[)-.2 E F2($i)A
F1(]})A F0 -.1(wa)2.512 G 2.512(sc).1 G .012(alled from the \214le)
--2.512 F F1(${B)2.512 E(ASH_SOURCE[)-.3 E F2($i+1)A F1(]})A F0 1.183
-(at line number)144 702 R F1(${B)3.683 E(ASH_LINENO[)-.3 E F2($i)A F1
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-1.184(iltin displays the current call stack using).2 F
-(this information.)144 714 Q(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 May 2)150.675 E
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+1.183(iltin displays the current call stack using).2 F
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(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
-SF(GR)108 84 Q(OUPS)-.3 E F0 1.229(An array v)144 96 R 1.228(ariable co\
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H 3.072(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-3.072 G 3.072(ect. If).25 F F2(GR)3.072 E
(OUPS)-.27 E F0 .572(is unset, it loses its special properties, e)2.822
-F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.072(ni).15 G 3.072(fi)-3.072 G 3.072(ti)-3.072 G(s)
--3.072 E(subsequently reset.)144 120 Q F1(HISTCMD)108 132 Q F0 2.811
-(The history number)144 144 R 5.311(,o)-.4 G 5.311(ri)-5.311 G(nde)
--5.311 E 5.311(xi)-.15 G 5.311(nt)-5.311 G 2.811
-(he history list, of the current command.)-5.311 F 2.81(Assignments to)
-7.81 F F2(HISTCMD)144 156 Q F0 1.134(are ignored.)3.384 F(If)6.134 E F2
-(HISTCMD)3.634 E F0 1.135(is unset, it loses its special properties, e)
-3.385 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.635(ni).15 G 3.635(fi)-3.635 G 3.635(ti)-3.635
-G 3.635(ss)-3.635 G(ubse-)-3.635 E(quently reset.)144 168 Q F1(HOSTN)108
+F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.072(ni).15 G 3.071(fi)-3.072 G 3.071(ti)-3.071 G(s)
+-3.071 E(subsequently reset.)144 120 Q F1(HISTCMD)108 132 Q F0 2.81
+(The history number)144 144 R 5.31(,o)-.4 G 5.31(ri)-5.31 G(nde)-5.31 E
+5.311(xi)-.15 G 5.311(nt)-5.311 G 2.811
+(he history list, of the current command.)-5.311 F 2.811(Assignments to)
+7.811 F F2(HISTCMD)144 156 Q F0 1.135(are ignored.)3.385 F(If)6.135 E F2
+(HISTCMD)3.635 E F0 1.135(is unset, it loses its special properties, e)
+3.385 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.634(ni).15 G 3.634(fi)-3.634 G 3.634(ti)-3.634
+G 3.634(ss)-3.634 G(ubse-)-3.634 E(quently reset.)144 168 Q F1(HOSTN)108
180 Q(AME)-.2 E F0(Automatically set to the name of the current host.)
-144 192 Q F1(HOSTTYPE)108 204 Q F0 .223(Automatically set to a string t\
+144 192 Q F1(HOSTTYPE)108 204 Q F0 .222(Automatically set to a string t\
hat uniquely describes the type of machine on which)144 216 R F1(bash)
-2.722 E F0 .222(is e)2.722 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cut-).15 E 2.5(ing. The)144
+2.723 E F0 .223(is e)2.723 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cut-).15 E 2.5(ing. The)144
228 R(def)2.5 E(ault is system-dependent.)-.1 E F1(LINENO)108 240 Q F0
1.408(Each time this parameter is referenced, the shell substitutes a d\
ecimal number representing the)144 252 R .078(current sequential line n\
-umber \(starting with 1\) within a script or function.)144 264 R .078
-(When not in a script or)5.078 F .306(function, the v)144 276 R .306
-(alue substituted is not guaranteed to be meaningful.)-.25 F(If)5.307 E
-F2(LINENO)2.807 E F0 .307(is unset, it loses its)2.557 F
+umber \(starting with 1\) within a script or function.)144 264 R .079
+(When not in a script or)5.078 F .307(function, the v)144 276 R .307
+(alue substituted is not guaranteed to be meaningful.)-.25 F(If)5.306 E
+F2(LINENO)2.806 E F0 .306(is unset, it loses its)2.556 F
(special properties, e)144 288 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5
G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1(MA)108 300 Q
(CHTYPE)-.55 E F0 .898(Automatically set to a string that fully describ\
-es the system type on which)144 312 R F1(bash)3.398 E F0 .898(is e)3.398
-F -.15(xe)-.15 G .898(cuting, in).15 F(the standard GNU)144 324 Q/F3 10
+es the system type on which)144 312 R F1(bash)3.398 E F0 .899(is e)3.398
+F -.15(xe)-.15 G .899(cuting, in).15 F(the standard GNU)144 324 Q/F3 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(cpu-company-system)2.5 E F0 2.5(format. The)2.5 F
-(def)2.5 E(ault is system-dependent.)-.1 E F1(MAPFILE)108 336 Q F0 .293
-(An array v)144 348 R .293(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1(Arrays)2.793 E F0
-(belo)2.793 E .293(w\) created to hold the te)-.25 F .294
-(xt read by the)-.15 F F1(map\214le)2.794 E F0 -.2(bu)2.794 G .294
+(def)2.5 E(ault is system-dependent.)-.1 E F1(MAPFILE)108 336 Q F0 .294
+(An array v)144 348 R .294(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1(Arrays)2.794 E F0
+(belo)2.794 E .294(w\) created to hold the te)-.25 F .293
+(xt read by the)-.15 F F1(map\214le)2.793 E F0 -.2(bu)2.793 G .293
(iltin when no).2 F -.25(va)144 360 S(riable name is supplied.).25 E F1
(OLDPWD)108 372 Q F0(The pre)144 384 Q(vious w)-.25 E
(orking directory as set by the)-.1 E F1(cd)2.5 E F0(command.)2.5 E F1
-(OPT)108 396 Q(ARG)-.9 E F0 1.627(The v)144 408 R 1.627
+(OPT)108 396 Q(ARG)-.9 E F0 1.626(The v)144 408 R 1.627
(alue of the last option ar)-.25 F 1.627(gument processed by the)-.18 F
-F1(getopts)4.127 E F0 -.2(bu)4.127 G 1.626(iltin command \(see).2 F F2
-(SHELL)4.126 E -.09(BU)144 420 S(IL).09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)
-2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(OPTIND)108 432 Q F0 1.651(The inde)144 444 R 4.151
-(xo)-.15 G 4.151(ft)-4.151 G 1.651(he ne)-4.151 F 1.651(xt ar)-.15 F
-1.652(gument to be processed by the)-.18 F F1(getopts)4.152 E F0 -.2(bu)
-4.152 G 1.652(iltin command \(see).2 F F2(SHELL)4.152 E -.09(BU)144 456
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+(SHELL)4.127 E -.09(BU)144 420 S(IL).09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)
+2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(OPTIND)108 432 Q F0 1.652(The inde)144 444 R 4.152
+(xo)-.15 G 4.152(ft)-4.152 G 1.652(he ne)-4.152 F 1.652(xt ar)-.15 F
+1.652(gument to be processed by the)-.18 F F1(getopts)4.151 E F0 -.2(bu)
+4.151 G 1.651(iltin command \(see).2 F F2(SHELL)4.151 E -.09(BU)144 456
S(IL).09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(OSTYPE)108
468 Q F0 .329(Automatically set to a string that describes the operatin\
-g system on which)144 480 R F1(bash)2.829 E F0 .329(is e)2.829 F -.15
-(xe)-.15 G 2.829(cuting. The).15 F(def)144 492 Q
-(ault is system-dependent.)-.1 E F1(PIPEST)108 504 Q -.95(AT)-.9 G(US)
-.95 E F0 .61(An array v)144 516 R .61(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1(Arrays)
-3.11 E F0(belo)3.11 E .61(w\) containing a list of e)-.25 F .61
-(xit status v)-.15 F .61(alues from the processes in)-.25 F
-(the most-recently-e)144 528 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted fore).15 E
+g system on which)144 480 R F1(bash)2.83 E F0 .33(is e)2.83 F -.15(xe)
+-.15 G 2.83(cuting. The).15 F(def)144 492 Q(ault is system-dependent.)
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+516 R .61(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1(Arrays)3.11 E F0(belo)3.11 E .61
+(w\) containing a list of e)-.25 F .61(xit status v)-.15 F .61
+(alues from the processes in)-.25 F(the most-recently-e)144 528 Q -.15
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(ground pipeline \(which may contain only a single command\).)-.15 E F1
(PPID)108 540 Q F0(The process ID of the shell')144 540 Q 2.5(sp)-.55 G
2.5(arent. This)-2.5 F -.25(va)2.5 G(riable is readonly).25 E(.)-.65 E
(orking directory as set by the)-.1 E F1(cd)2.5 E F0(command.)2.5 E F1
(RANDOM)108 564 Q F0 .417(Each time this parameter is referenced, it e)
144 576 R .417(xpands to a random inte)-.15 F .417
-(ger between 0 and 32767.)-.15 F(As-)5.416 E .55(signing a v)144 588 R
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-(initializes \(seeds\) the sequence of random numbers.)2.801 F(If)5.551
-E F2(RANDOM)3.051 E F0(is)2.801 E
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-(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)
--2.5 E F1(READLINE_ARGUMENT)108 612 Q F0(An)144 624 Q 4.456(yn)-.15 G
-1.956(umeric ar)-4.456 F 1.956(gument gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.456(nt)
-.15 G 4.456(oaR)-4.456 G 1.956(eadline command that w)-4.456 F 1.956
-(as de\214ned using)-.1 F/F4 10/Courier@0 SF 1.955(bind -x)4.455 F F0
-(\(see)4.455 E F2(SHELL B)144 636 Q(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0
-(belo)2.25 E(w\) when it w)-.25 E(as in)-.1 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G
-(d.).1 E F1(READLINE_LINE)108 648 Q F0 1.546(The contents of the)144 660
-R F1 -.18(re)4.047 G(adline).18 E F0 1.547(line b)4.047 F(uf)-.2 E(fer)
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-2.607(di).15 G .107(nsertion point\) in the)-2.607 F F1 -.18(re)2.606 G
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-(characters between the insertion point and the)3.516 F
-(mark are often called the)144 720 Q F3 -.37(re)2.5 G(gion)-.03 E F0(.)A
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(The position of the insertion point in the)144 96 R F1 -.18(re)2.813 G
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-(guments are supplied.)-.18 E F1(SECONDS)108 144 Q F0 .177
-(Each time this parameter is referenced, it e)144 156 R .178
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(xpands to the number of seconds since shell in)-.15 F -.2(vo)-.4 G
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-(alue assigned.)-.25 F .628(The number of seconds at shell in)5.627 F
--.2(vo)-.4 G(ca-).2 E .112(tion and the current time are al)144 192 R
+(alue assigned.)-.25 F .627(The number of seconds at shell in)5.627 F
+-.2(vo)-.4 G(ca-).2 E .111(tion and the current time are al)144 192 R
-.1(wa)-.1 G .111(ys determined by querying the system clock.).1 F(If)
-5.111 E F3(SECONDS)2.611 E F0 .111(is un-)2.361 F
+5.112 E F3(SECONDS)2.612 E F0 .112(is un-)2.362 F
(set, it loses its special properties, e)144 204 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5
(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)
--2.5 E F1(SHELLOPTS)108 216 Q F0 3.262(Ac)144 228 S .763
-(olon-separated list of enabled shell options.)-3.262 F .763(Each w)
+-2.5 E F1(SHELLOPTS)108 216 Q F0 3.263(Ac)144 228 S .763
+(olon-separated list of enabled shell options.)-3.263 F .763(Each w)
5.763 F .763(ord in the list is a v)-.1 F .763(alid ar)-.25 F .763
-(gument for the)-.18 F F1<ad6f>144 240 Q F0 1.174(option to the)3.674 F
-F1(set)3.674 E F0 -.2(bu)3.674 G 1.174(iltin command \(see).2 F F3 1.173
-(SHELL B)3.673 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.173(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.423 E
-3.673(w\). The)-.25 F(options)3.673 E .019(appearing in)144 252 R F3
-(SHELLOPTS)2.519 E F0 .019(are those reported as)2.269 F/F5 10
+(gument for the)-.18 F F1<ad6f>144 240 Q F0 1.173(option to the)3.673 F
+F1(set)3.673 E F0 -.2(bu)3.673 G 1.173(iltin command \(see).2 F F3 1.174
+(SHELL B)3.674 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.174(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.424 E
+3.674(w\). The)-.25 F(options)3.674 E .02(appearing in)144 252 R F3
+(SHELLOPTS)2.52 E F0 .019(are those reported as)2.27 F/F5 10
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-5.019(.I)C 2.519(ft)-5.019 G .019(his v)-2.519 F .02
+5.019(.I)C 2.519(ft)-5.019 G .019(his v)-2.519 F .019
(ariable is in the en)-.25 F(vironment)-.4 E(when)144 264 Q F1(bash)
-3.142 E F0 .642(starts up, each shell option in the list will be enable\
-d before reading an)3.142 F 3.141(ys)-.15 G .641(tartup \214les.)-3.141
+3.141 E F0 .642(starts up, each shell option in the list will be enable\
+d before reading an)3.141 F 3.142(ys)-.15 G .642(tartup \214les.)-3.142
F(This v)144 276 Q(ariable is read-only)-.25 E(.)-.65 E F1(SHL)108 288 Q
(VL)-.92 E F0(Incremented by one each time an instance of)144 300 Q F1
-(bash)2.5 E F0(is started.)2.5 E F1(SRANDOM)108 312 Q F0 .76(This v)144
-324 R .76(ariable e)-.25 F .761(xpands to a 32-bit pseudo-random number\
- each time it is referenced. The random)-.15 F .565
+(bash)2.5 E F0(is started.)2.5 E F1(SRANDOM)108 312 Q F0 .761(This v)144
+324 R .761(ariable e)-.25 F .761(xpands to a 32-bit pseudo-random numbe\
+r each time it is referenced. The random)-.15 F .564
(number generator is not linear on systems that support)144 336 R F2
-(/dev/urandom)3.064 E F0(or)3.064 E F5(ar)3.064 E(c4r)-.37 E(andom)-.15
-E F0 3.064(,s)C 3.064(oe)-3.064 G(ach)-3.064 E .788
+(/dev/urandom)3.065 E F0(or)3.065 E F5(ar)3.065 E(c4r)-.37 E(andom)-.15
+E F0 3.065(,s)C 3.065(oe)-3.065 G(ach)-3.065 E .788
(returned number has no relationship to the numbers preceding it.)144
-348 R .788(The random number generator)5.788 F .088
+348 R .787(The random number generator)5.787 F .087
(cannot be seeded, so assignments to this v)144 360 R .087(ariable ha)
--.25 F .387 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.587(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.587 G 2.587
-(ect. If).25 F F3(SRANDOM)2.587 E F0 .087(is unset, it loses its)2.337 F
+-.25 F .387 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.587(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.587 G 2.588
+(ect. If).25 F F3(SRANDOM)2.588 E F0 .088(is unset, it loses its)2.338 F
(special properties, e)144 372 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5
G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1(UID)108 384 Q
F0(Expands to the user ID of the current user)144 384 Q 2.5(,i)-.4 G
(nitialized at shell startup.)-2.5 E(This v)5 E(ariable is readonly)-.25
-E(.)-.65 E .993(The follo)108 400.8 R .993(wing v)-.25 F .994
+E(.)-.65 E .994(The follo)108 400.8 R .994(wing v)-.25 F .994
(ariables are used by the shell.)-.25 F .994(In some cases,)5.994 F F1
-(bash)3.494 E F0 .994(assigns a def)3.494 F .994(ault v)-.1 F .994
+(bash)3.494 E F0 .994(assigns a def)3.494 F .994(ault v)-.1 F .993
(alue to a v)-.25 F(ariable;)-.25 E(these cases are noted belo)108 412.8
Q -.65(w.)-.25 G F1 -.3(BA)108 429.6 S(SH_COMP).3 E -.95(AT)-.74 G F0
-.503(The v)144 441.6 R .502(alue is used to set the shell')-.25 F 3.002
+.502(The v)144 441.6 R .502(alue is used to set the shell')-.25 F 3.002
(sc)-.55 G .502(ompatibility le)-3.002 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.002(l. See).15
-F F3 .502(SHELL COMP)3.002 F -.855(AT)-.666 G .502(IBILITY MODE).855 F
-F0(be-)2.752 E(lo)144 453.6 Q 2.662(wf)-.25 G .162
-(or a description of the v)-2.662 F .162(arious compatibility le)-.25 F
--.15(ve)-.25 G .162(ls and their ef).15 F 2.663(fects. The)-.25 F -.25
-(va)2.663 G .163(lue may be a dec-).25 F .33
+F F3 .503(SHELL COMP)3.002 F -.855(AT)-.666 G .503(IBILITY MODE).855 F
+F0(be-)2.753 E(lo)144 453.6 Q 2.663(wf)-.25 G .163
+(or a description of the v)-2.663 F .162(arious compatibility le)-.25 F
+-.15(ve)-.25 G .162(ls and their ef).15 F 2.662(fects. The)-.25 F -.25
+(va)2.662 G .162(lue may be a dec-).25 F .33
(imal number \(e.g., 4.2\) or an inte)144 465.6 R .33
(ger \(e.g., 42\) corresponding to the desired compatibility le)-.15 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.83(l. If).15 F F1 -.3(BA)144 477.6 S(SH_COMP).3 E -.95
-(AT)-.74 G F0 .86
-(is unset or set to the empty string, the compatibility le)4.31 F -.15
-(ve)-.25 G 3.361(li).15 G 3.361(ss)-3.361 G .861(et to the def)-3.361 F
-(ault)-.1 E .39(for the current v)144 489.6 R 2.89(ersion. If)-.15 F F1
--.3(BA)2.89 G(SH_COMP).3 E -.95(AT)-.74 G F0 .39(is set to a v)3.84 F
-.39(alue that is not one of the v)-.25 F .39(alid compati-)-.25 F .277
+(AT)-.74 G F0 .861
+(is unset or set to the empty string, the compatibility le)4.311 F -.15
+(ve)-.25 G 3.36(li).15 G 3.36(ss)-3.36 G .86(et to the def)-3.36 F(ault)
+-.1 E .39(for the current v)144 489.6 R 2.89(ersion. If)-.15 F F1 -.3
+(BA)2.89 G(SH_COMP).3 E -.95(AT)-.74 G F0 .39(is set to a v)3.84 F .39
+(alue that is not one of the v)-.25 F .39(alid compati-)-.25 F .278
(bility le)144 501.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .278
(ls, the shell prints an error message and sets the compatibility le).15
-F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.778(lt).15 G 2.778(ot)-2.778 G .278(he def)-2.778 F
-.278(ault for the)-.1 F 1.401(current v)144 513.6 R 3.901(ersion. The)
--.15 F -.25(va)3.901 G 1.401(lid v).25 F 1.401
+F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.777(lt).15 G 2.777(ot)-2.777 G .277(he def)-2.777 F
+.277(ault for the)-.1 F 1.4(current v)144 513.6 R 3.9(ersion. The)-.15 F
+-.25(va)3.901 G 1.401(lid v).25 F 1.401
(alues correspond to the compatibility le)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.401
-(ls described belo).15 F 3.9(wu)-.25 G(nder)-3.9 E F3 .153(SHELL COMP)
-144 525.6 R -.855(AT)-.666 G .153(IBILITY MODE).855 F F4(.)A F0 -.15(Fo)
-4.653 G 2.653(re).15 G .154(xample, 4.2 and 42 are v)-2.803 F .154
-(alid v)-.25 F .154(alues that correspond to the)-.25 F F1 .774
+(ls described belo).15 F 3.901(wu)-.25 G(nder)-3.901 E F3 .154
+(SHELL COMP)144 525.6 R -.855(AT)-.666 G .154(IBILITY MODE).855 F F4(.)A
+F0 -.15(Fo)4.654 G 2.654(re).15 G .154(xample, 4.2 and 42 are v)-2.804 F
+.153(alid v)-.25 F .153(alues that correspond to the)-.25 F F1 .773
(compat42 shopt)144 537.6 R F0 .774(option and set the compatibility le)
-3.274 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.274(lt).15 G 3.274(o4)-3.274 G 3.274(2. The)
--3.274 F .774(current v)3.274 F .773(ersion is also a v)-.15 F(alid)-.25
+3.273 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.274(lt).15 G 3.274(o4)-3.274 G 3.274(2. The)
+-3.274 F .774(current v)3.274 F .774(ersion is also a v)-.15 F(alid)-.25
E -.25(va)144 549.6 S(lue.).25 E F1 -.3(BA)108 561.6 S(SH_ENV).3 E F0
-.505(If this parameter is set when)144 573.6 R F1(bash)3.005 E F0 .505
-(is e)3.005 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .506(cuting a shell script, its v).15 F
-.506(alue is interpreted as a \214lename)-.25 F .391
+.506(If this parameter is set when)144 573.6 R F1(bash)3.006 E F0 .506
+(is e)3.006 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .505(cuting a shell script, its v).15 F
+.505(alue is interpreted as a \214lename)-.25 F .39
(containing commands to initialize the shell, as in)144 585.6 R F5
-(~/.bashr)2.39 E(c)-.37 E F0 5.39(.T).31 G .39(he v)-5.39 F .39(alue of)
--.25 F F3 -.27(BA)2.89 G(SH_ENV).27 E F0 .39(is subjected)2.64 F .525
-(to parameter e)144 597.6 R .525
+(~/.bashr)2.39 E(c)-.37 E F0 5.39(.T).31 G .39(he v)-5.39 F .391
+(alue of)-.25 F F3 -.27(BA)2.891 G(SH_ENV).27 E F0 .391(is subjected)
+2.641 F .525(to parameter e)144 597.6 R .525
(xpansion, command substitution, and arithmetic e)-.15 F .525
(xpansion before being interpreted)-.15 F(as a \214lename.)144 609.6 Q
F3 -.666(PA)5 G(TH)-.189 E F0
(is not used to search for the resultant \214lename.)2.25 E F1 -.3(BA)
-108 621.6 S(SH_XTRA).3 E(CEFD)-.55 E F0 .481(If set to an inte)144 633.6
-R .481(ger corresponding to a v)-.15 F .481(alid \214le descriptor)-.25
-F(,)-.4 E F1(bash)2.98 E F0 .48(will write the trace output gener)2.98 F
-(-)-.2 E 3.114(ated when)144 645.6 R F2 3.114(set -x)5.614 F F0 3.114
+108 621.6 S(SH_XTRA).3 E(CEFD)-.55 E F0 .48(If set to an inte)144 633.6
+R .48(ger corresponding to a v)-.15 F .481(alid \214le descriptor)-.25 F
+(,)-.4 E F1(bash)2.981 E F0 .481(will write the trace output gener)2.981
+F(-)-.2 E 3.114(ated when)144 645.6 R F2 3.114(set -x)5.614 F F0 3.114
(is enabled to that \214le descriptor)5.614 F 8.114(.T)-.55 G 3.114
(he \214le descriptor is closed when)-8.114 F F3 -.27(BA)144 657.6 S
(SH_XTRA).27 E(CEFD)-.495 E F0 .138(is unset or assigned a ne)2.388 F
2.638(wv)-.25 G 2.638(alue. Unsetting)-2.888 F F3 -.27(BA)2.638 G
(SH_XTRA).27 E(CEFD)-.495 E F0 .138(or assigning it)2.388 F 2.531(the e\
mpty string causes the trace output to be sent to the standard error)144
-669.6 R 7.531(.N)-.55 G 2.531(ote that setting)-7.531 F F3 -.27(BA)144
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681.6 S(SH_XTRA).27 E(CEFD)-.495 E F0 .74(to 2 \(the standard error \
-\214le descriptor\) and then unsetting it will result in the)2.991 F
+\214le descriptor\) and then unsetting it will result in the)2.99 F
(standard error being closed.)144 693.6 Q F1(CDP)108 705.6 Q -.95(AT)
--.74 G(H).95 E F0 1.247(The search path for the)144 717.6 R F1(cd)3.747
-E F0 3.747(command. This)3.747 F 1.248
-(is a colon-separated list of directories in which the)3.747 F 3.796
+-.74 G(H).95 E F0 1.248(The search path for the)144 717.6 R F1(cd)3.748
+E F0 3.748(command. This)3.748 F 1.247
+(is a colon-separated list of directories in which the)3.748 F 3.795
(shell looks for destination directories speci\214ed by the)144 729.6 R
-F1(cd)6.295 E F0 6.295(command. A)6.295 F 3.795(sample v)6.295 F 3.795
-(alue is)-.25 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 May 2)150.675 E(15)199.835 E
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+(alue is)-.25 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 June 3)150.675 E(15)199.835 E
0 Cg EP
%%Page: 16 16
%%BeginPageSetup
(".:~:/usr")144 84 Q F0(.)A/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(CHILD_MAX)108 96 Q F0
.997(Set the number of e)144 108 R .997(xited child status v)-.15 F .997
(alues for the shell to remember)-.25 F 5.997(.B)-.55 G .997
-(ash will not allo)-5.997 F 3.498(wt)-.25 G(his)-3.498 E -.25(va)144 120
-S 1.078(lue to be decreased belo).25 F 3.577(waP)-.25 G 1.077
-(OSIX-mandated minimum, and there is a maximum v)-3.577 F 1.077
+(ash will not allo)-5.997 F 3.497(wt)-.25 G(his)-3.497 E -.25(va)144 120
+S 1.077(lue to be decreased belo).25 F 3.577(waP)-.25 G 1.077
+(OSIX-mandated minimum, and there is a maximum v)-3.577 F 1.078
(alue \(cur)-.25 F(-)-.2 E(rently 8192\) that this may not e)144 132 Q
2.5(xceed. The)-.15 F(minimum v)2.5 E(alue is system-dependent.)-.25 E
-F2(COLUMNS)108 144 Q F0 .828(Used by the)144 156 R F2(select)3.328 E F0
-.829(compound command to determine the terminal width when printing sel\
-ection)3.328 F 3.466(lists. Automatically)144 168 R .966(set if the)
+F2(COLUMNS)108 144 Q F0 .829(Used by the)144 156 R F2(select)3.329 E F0
+.828(compound command to determine the terminal width when printing sel\
+ection)3.329 F 3.466(lists. Automatically)144 168 R .966(set if the)
3.466 F F2(checkwinsize)3.466 E F0 .966
(option is enabled or in an interacti)3.466 F 1.266 -.15(ve s)-.25 H
.966(hell upon re-).15 F(ceipt of a)144 180 Q/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF
(SIGWINCH)2.5 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F2(COMPREPL)108 192 Q(Y)-.92 E
-F0 .847(An array v)144 204 R .848(ariable from which)-.25 F F2(bash)
+F0 .848(An array v)144 204 R .848(ariable from which)-.25 F F2(bash)
3.348 E F0 .848
(reads the possible completions generated by a shell function)3.348 F
(in)144 216 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.785(db).1 G 2.785(yt)-2.785 G
.285(he programmable completion f)-2.785 F .285(acility \(see)-.1 F F2
(Pr)2.785 E .285(ogrammable Completion)-.18 F F0(belo)2.785 E 2.785
(w\). Each)-.25 F(array element contains one possible completion.)144
-228 Q F2(EMA)108 240 Q(CS)-.55 E F0(If)144 252 Q F2(bash)2.535 E F0 .035
-(\214nds this v)2.535 F .035(ariable in the en)-.25 F .036
-(vironment when the shell starts with v)-.4 F(alue)-.25 E F1(t)2.536 E
-F0 2.536(,i)C 2.536(ta)-2.536 G .036(ssumes that the)-2.536 F
+228 Q F2(EMA)108 240 Q(CS)-.55 E F0(If)144 252 Q F2(bash)2.536 E F0 .036
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+(vironment when the shell starts with v)-.4 F(alue)-.25 E F1(t)2.535 E
+F0 2.535(,i)C 2.535(ta)-2.535 G .035(ssumes that the)-2.535 F
(shell is running in an Emacs shell b)144 264 Q(uf)-.2 E
-(fer and disables line editing.)-.25 E F2(ENV)108 276 Q F0 .671
-(Expanded and e)144 276 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .671(cuted similarly to).15 F
-F3 -.27(BA)3.17 G(SH_ENV).27 E F0(\(see)2.92 E F2(INV)3.17 E(OCA)-.45 E
-(TION)-.95 E F0(abo)3.17 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.17(\)w).15 G .67
-(hen an interacti)-3.17 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(shell is in)144 288 Q -.2(vo)
+(fer and disables line editing.)-.25 E F2(ENV)108 276 Q F0 .67
+(Expanded and e)144 276 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .67(cuted similarly to).15 F F3
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+(TION)-.95 E F0(abo)3.171 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.171(\)w).15 G .671
+(hen an interacti)-3.171 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(shell is in)144 288 Q -.2(vo)
-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(di).1 G(n)-2.5 E/F5 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
-(posix mode)2.5 E F0(.)A F2(EXECIGNORE)108 300 Q F0 2.716(Ac)144 312 S
-.216(olon-separated list of shell patterns \(see)-2.716 F F2 -.1(Pa)
-2.717 G(tter).1 E 2.717(nM)-.15 G(atching)-2.717 E F0 2.717(\)d)C .217
-(e\214ning the list of \214lenames to be)-2.717 F .117
-(ignored by command search using)144 324 R F2 -.74(PA)2.617 G(TH)-.21 E
-F0 5.117(.F)C .116
-(iles whose full pathnames match one of these patterns)-5.117 F 1.432
+(posix mode)2.5 E F0(.)A F2(EXECIGNORE)108 300 Q F0 2.717(Ac)144 312 S
+.217(olon-separated list of shell patterns \(see)-2.717 F F2 -.1(Pa)
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+(e\214ning the list of \214lenames to be)-2.717 F .116
+(ignored by command search using)144 324 R F2 -.74(PA)2.616 G(TH)-.21 E
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+(iles whose full pathnames match one of these patterns)-5.116 F 1.433
(are not considered e)144 336 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.432
(cutable \214les for the purposes of completion and command e).15 F -.15
-(xe)-.15 G 1.433(cution via).15 F F2 -.74(PA)144 348 S(TH)-.21 E F0
-2.909(lookup. This)2.909 F .408(does not af)2.908 F .408(fect the beha)
+(xe)-.15 G 1.432(cution via).15 F F2 -.74(PA)144 348 S(TH)-.21 E F0
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-.25 F .408(vior of the)-.2 F F2([)2.908 E F0(,)A F2(test)2.908 E F0
-2.908(,a)C(nd)-2.908 E F2([[)2.908 E F0 2.908(commands. Full)2.908 F
-(pathnames)2.908 E .364(in the command hash table are not subject to)144
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360 R F2(EXECIGNORE)2.864 E F0 5.364(.U)C .364(se this v)-5.364 F .364
(ariable to ignore shared)-.25 F 1.37(library \214les that ha)144 372 R
1.67 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.37(he e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.37
(honors the setting of the)144 384 Q F2(extglob)2.5 E F0(shell option.)
2.5 E F2(FCEDIT)108 396 Q F0(The def)144 408 Q(ault editor for the)-.1 E
F2(fc)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command.).2 E F2(FIGNORE)108 420 Q F0
-2.598(Ac)144 432 S .098(olon-separated list of suf)-2.598 F<8c78>-.25 E
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.098(es to ignore when performing \214lename completion \(see)-.15 F F3
-(READLINE)2.599 E F0(belo)144 444 Q 2.705(w\). A)-.25 F .205
-(\214lename whose suf)2.705 F .205(\214x matches one of the entries in)
--.25 F F3(FIGNORE)2.705 E F0 .205(is e)2.455 F .204
+(READLINE)2.598 E F0(belo)144 444 Q 2.704(w\). A)-.25 F .204
+(\214lename whose suf)2.704 F .205(\214x matches one of the entries in)
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(xcluded from the list)-.15 F(of matched \214lenames.)144 456 Q 2.5(As)5
G(ample v)-2.5 E(alue is)-.25 E F1(".o:~")2.5 E F0(.)A F2(FUNCNEST)108
-468 Q F0 .23(If set to a numeric v)144 480 R .231
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(alue greater than 0, de\214nes a maximum function nesting le)-.25 F
--.15(ve)-.25 G 2.731(l. Function).15 F(in)2.731 E -.2(vo)-.4 G(-).2 E
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(cations that e)144 492 Q(xceed this nesting le)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
2.5(lw).15 G(ill cause the current command to abort.)-2.5 E F2
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-(Speci\214es ho)144 312 R 2.598(wo)-.25 G .098(ften \(in seconds\))
--2.598 F F1(bash)2.598 E F0 .098(checks for mail.)2.598 F .098(The def)
-5.098 F .098(ault is 60 seconds.)-.1 F .099(When it is time)5.099 F .224
+(-format directory)-.2 E(.)-.65 E F1(MAILCHECK)108 300 Q F0 .099
+(Speci\214es ho)144 312 R 2.599(wo)-.25 G .099(ften \(in seconds\))
+-2.599 F F1(bash)2.598 E F0 .098(checks for mail.)2.598 F .098(The def)
+5.098 F .098(ault is 60 seconds.)-.1 F .098(When it is time)5.098 F .223
(to check for mail, the shell does so before displaying the primary pro\
-mpt.)144 324 R .223(If this v)5.223 F .223(ariable is unset,)-.25 F
+mpt.)144 324 R .224(If this v)5.224 F .224(ariable is unset,)-.25 F
(or set to a v)144 336 Q(alue that is not a number greater than or equa\
l to zero, the shell disables mail checking.)-.25 E F1(MAILP)108 348 Q
-.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0 2.99(Ac)144 360 S .49
(alue for this v)-.25 F .015(ariable \(there is no v)-.25 F .015
(alue by def)-.25 F .015(ault\), b)-.1 F(ut)-.2 E(the location of the u\
ser mail \214les that it uses is system dependent \(e.g., /v)144 420 Q
-(ar/mail/)-.25 E F1($USER)A F0(\).)A F1(OPTERR)108 432 Q F0 .39
-(If set to the v)144 444 R .39(alue 1,)-.25 F F1(bash)2.89 E F0 .389
-(displays error messages generated by the)2.889 F F1(getopts)2.889 E F0
--.2(bu)2.889 G .389(iltin command \(see).2 F F2 .359(SHELL B)144 456 R
-(UIL)-.09 E .359(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)2.609 E(w\).)-.25 E F2
-(OPTERR)5.359 E F0 .36(is initialized to 1 each time the shell is in)
-2.609 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E(or a shell script is e)144 468 Q
--.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1 -.74(PA)108 480 S(TH)-.21 E F0 .588
-(The search path for commands.)144 480 R .587
+(ar/mail/)-.25 E F1($USER)A F0(\).)A F1(OPTERR)108 432 Q F0 .389
+(If set to the v)144 444 R .389(alue 1,)-.25 F F1(bash)2.889 E F0 .389
+(displays error messages generated by the)2.889 F F1(getopts)2.89 E F0
+-.2(bu)2.89 G .39(iltin command \(see).2 F F2 .36(SHELL B)144 456 R(UIL)
+-.09 E .36(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)2.61 E(w\).)-.25 E F2(OPTERR)
+5.36 E F0 .359(is initialized to 1 each time the shell is in)2.61 F -.2
+(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E(or a shell script is e)144 468 Q -.15(xe)
+-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1 -.74(PA)108 480 S(TH)-.21 E F0 .587
+(The search path for commands.)144 480 R .588
(It is a colon-separated list of directories in which the shell looks)
-5.588 F .471(for commands \(see)144 492 R F2 .471(COMMAND EXECUTION)
-2.971 F F0(belo)2.722 E 2.972(w\). A)-.25 F .472
+5.587 F .472(for commands \(see)144 492 R F2 .472(COMMAND EXECUTION)
+2.972 F F0(belo)2.722 E 2.972(w\). A)-.25 F .471
(zero-length \(null\) directory name in the)2.972 F -.25(va)144 504 S
-.536(lue of).25 F F2 -.666(PA)3.036 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .535
-(indicates the current directory)2.786 F 5.535(.A)-.65 G .535
-(null directory name may appear as tw)-2.5 F 3.035(oa)-.1 G(djacent)
--3.035 E .867(colons, or as an initial or trailing colon.)144 516 R .868
-(The def)5.868 F .868(ault path is system-dependent, and is set by the)
+.535(lue of).25 F F2 -.666(PA)3.035 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .535
+(indicates the current directory)2.785 F 5.535(.A)-.65 G .535
+(null directory name may appear as tw)-2.5 F 3.036(oa)-.1 G(djacent)
+-3.036 E .868(colons, or as an initial or trailing colon.)144 516 R .868
+(The def)5.868 F .867(ault path is system-dependent, and is set by the)
-.1 F(administrator who installs)144 528 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0 5(.A)C
(common v)-2.5 E(alue is)-.25 E/F4 10/Courier@0 SF
(/usr/local/bin:/usr/lo-)2.5 E(cal/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/sbin)
-144 540 Q F0(.)A F1(POSIXL)108 552 Q(Y_CORRECT)-.92 E F0 .471(If this v)
-144 564 R .471(ariable is in the en)-.25 F .471(vironment when)-.4 F F1
+144 540 Q F0(.)A F1(POSIXL)108 552 Q(Y_CORRECT)-.92 E F0 .472(If this v)
+144 564 R .472(ariable is in the en)-.25 F .471(vironment when)-.4 F F1
(bash)2.971 E F0 .471(starts, the shell enters)2.971 F/F5 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF .472(posix mode)2.972 F F0 .472(before reading)2.972
+/Times-Italic@0 SF .471(posix mode)2.971 F F0 .471(before reading)2.971
F .011(the startup \214les, as if the)144 576 R F1(\255\255posix)2.511 E
F0(in)2.511 E -.2(vo)-.4 G .011(cation option had been supplied.).2 F
.011(If it is set while the shell is)5.011 F(running,)144 588 Q F1(bash)
-4.497 E F0(enables)4.497 E F5 1.997(posix mode)4.497 F F0 4.497(,a)C
+4.498 E F0(enables)4.498 E F5 1.997(posix mode)4.497 F F0 4.497(,a)C
4.497(si)-4.497 G 4.497(ft)-4.497 G 1.997(he command)-4.497 F F4 1.997
-(set -o posix)4.497 F F0 1.998(had been e)4.497 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.)
+(set -o posix)4.497 F F0 1.997(had been e)4.497 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.)
.15 E(When the shell enters)144 600 Q F5(posix mode)2.5 E F0 2.5(,i)C
2.5(ts)-2.5 G(ets this v)-2.5 E(ariable if it w)-.25 E
(as not already set.)-.1 E F1(PR)108 612 Q(OMPT_COMMAND)-.3 E F0 .155
-.15 F F2(PR)3.674 E(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(belo)3.424 E 1.174
(w\) and displayed by interacti)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
(shells after reading a command and before the command is e)144 720 Q
--.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 May 2)150.675 E
+-.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 June 3)150.675 E
(18)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
-SF(PS1)108 84 Q F0 .064(The v)144 84 R .065(alue of this parameter is e)
+SF(PS1)108 84 Q F0 .065(The v)144 84 R .065(alue of this parameter is e)
-.25 F .065(xpanded \(see)-.15 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(PR)2.565 E
(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(belo)2.315 E .065(w\) and used as the primary prompt)
-.25 F 2.5(string. The)144 96 R(def)2.5 E(ault v)-.1 E(alue is `)-.25 E
(`)-.74 E F1(\\s\255\\v\\$)A F0 -.74('')2.5 G(.).74 E F1(PS2)108 108 Q
-F0 .118(The v)144 108 R .118(alue of this parameter is e)-.25 F .118
-(xpanded as with)-.15 F F2(PS1)2.617 E F0 .117
-(and used as the secondary prompt string.)2.367 F(The)5.117 E(def)144
+F0 .117(The v)144 108 R .117(alue of this parameter is e)-.25 F .117
+(xpanded as with)-.15 F F2(PS1)2.617 E F0 .118
+(and used as the secondary prompt string.)2.368 F(The)5.118 E(def)144
120 Q(ault is `)-.1 E(`)-.74 E F1(>)A F0 -.74('')2.5 G(.).74 E F1(PS3)
-108 132 Q F0 1.115(The v)144 132 R 1.115
+108 132 Q F0 1.116(The v)144 132 R 1.115
(alue of this parameter is used as the prompt for the)-.25 F F1(select)
-3.615 E F0 1.116(command \(see)3.616 F F2 1.116(SHELL GRAM-)3.616 F(MAR)
-144 144 Q F0(abo)2.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1(PS4)108 156 Q F0
-.101(The v)144 156 R .101(alue of this parameter is e)-.25 F .101
-(xpanded as with)-.15 F F2(PS1)2.6 E F0 .1(and the v)2.35 F .1
-(alue is printed before each command)-.25 F F1(bash)144 168 Q F0 .334
-(displays during an e)2.834 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .335(cution trace.).15 F
+3.615 E F0 1.115(command \(see)3.615 F F2 1.115(SHELL GRAM-)3.615 F(MAR)
+144 144 Q F0(abo)2.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1(PS4)108 156 Q F0 .1
+(The v)144 156 R .1(alue of this parameter is e)-.25 F .1
+(xpanded as with)-.15 F F2(PS1)2.6 E F0 .101(and the v)2.35 F .101
+(alue is printed before each command)-.25 F F1(bash)144 168 Q F0 .335
+(displays during an e)2.835 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .335(cution trace.).15 F
.335(The \214rst character of the e)5.335 F .335(xpanded v)-.15 F .335
-(alue of)-.25 F F2(PS4)2.835 E F0 .335(is repli-)2.585 F
+(alue of)-.25 F F2(PS4)2.834 E F0 .334(is repli-)2.584 F
(cated multiple times, as necessary)144 180 Q 2.5(,t)-.65 G 2.5(oi)-2.5
G(ndicate multiple le)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ls of indirection.).15 E
(The def)5 E(ault is `)-.1 E(`)-.74 E F1(+)A F0 -.74('')2.5 G(.).74 E F1
-(SHELL)108 192 Q F0 .543(This v)144 204 R .543(ariable e)-.25 F .543
-(xpands to the full pathname to the shell.)-.15 F .542
-(If it is not set when the shell starts,)5.543 F F1(bash)3.042 E F0
+(SHELL)108 192 Q F0 .542(This v)144 204 R .542(ariable e)-.25 F .542
+(xpands to the full pathname to the shell.)-.15 F .543
+(If it is not set when the shell starts,)5.543 F F1(bash)3.043 E F0
(assigns to it the full pathname of the current user')144 216 Q 2.5(sl)
--.55 G(ogin shell.)-2.5 E F1(TIMEFORMA)108 228 Q(T)-.95 E F0 .826(The v)
+-.55 G(ogin shell.)-2.5 E F1(TIMEFORMA)108 228 Q(T)-.95 E F0 .827(The v)
144 240 R .826
(alue of this parameter is used as a format string specifying ho)-.25 F
-3.327(wt)-.25 G .827(he timing information for)-3.327 F .649
-(pipelines pre\214x)144 252 R .649(ed with the)-.15 F F1(time)3.149 E F0
-(reserv)3.149 E .649(ed w)-.15 F .648(ord should be displayed.)-.1 F
-(The)5.648 E F1(%)3.148 E F0 .648(character introduces)3.148 F .711
+3.326(wt)-.25 G .826(he timing information for)-3.326 F .648
+(pipelines pre\214x)144 252 R .648(ed with the)-.15 F F1(time)3.148 E F0
+(reserv)3.148 E .648(ed w)-.15 F .649(ord should be displayed.)-.1 F
+(The)5.649 E F1(%)3.149 E F0 .649(character introduces)3.149 F .712
(an escape sequence that is e)144 264 R .711(xpanded to a time v)-.15 F
-.712(alue or other information.)-.25 F .712(The escape sequences)5.712 F
+.711(alue or other information.)-.25 F .711(The escape sequences)5.711 F
(and their meanings are as follo)144 276 Q
(ws; the braces denote optional portions.)-.25 E F1(%%)144 294 Q F0 2.5
(Al)194 294 S(iteral)-2.5 E F1(%)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(%[)144 306 Q/F3 10
(The CPU percentage, computed as \(%U + %S\) / %R.)194 342 Q .87
(The optional)144 358.8 R F3(p)3.37 E F0 .87(is a digit specifying the)
3.37 F F3(pr)3.37 E(ecision)-.37 E F0 3.37(,t)C .87
-(he number of fractional digits after a decimal)-3.37 F 2.525(point. A)
-144 370.8 R -.25(va)2.525 G .025
-(lue of 0 causes no decimal point or fraction to be output.).25 F .026
-(At most three places after the)5.025 F .538
-(decimal point may be speci\214ed; v)144 382.8 R .538(alues of)-.25 F F3
-(p)3.038 E F0 .537(greater than 3 are changed to 3.)3.037 F(If)5.537 E
-F3(p)3.037 E F0 .537(is not speci\214ed,)3.037 F(the v)144 394.8 Q
-(alue 3 is used.)-.25 E .667(The optional)144 411.6 R F1(l)3.167 E F0
+(he number of fractional digits after a decimal)-3.37 F 2.526(point. A)
+144 370.8 R -.25(va)2.526 G .025
+(lue of 0 causes no decimal point or fraction to be output.).25 F .025
+(At most three places after the)5.025 F .537
+(decimal point may be speci\214ed; v)144 382.8 R .537(alues of)-.25 F F3
+(p)3.037 E F0 .537(greater than 3 are changed to 3.)3.037 F(If)5.538 E
+F3(p)3.038 E F0 .538(is not speci\214ed,)3.038 F(the v)144 394.8 Q
+(alue 3 is used.)-.25 E .668(The optional)144 411.6 R F1(l)3.168 E F0
.668(speci\214es a longer format, including minutes, of the form)3.168 F
-F3(MM)3.168 E F0(m)A F3(SS)A F0(.)A F3(FF)A F0 3.168(s. The)B -.25(va)
-3.168 G(lue).25 E(of)144 423.6 Q F3(p)2.5 E F0
-(determines whether or not the fraction is included.)2.5 E 13.365
-(If this v)144 440.4 R 13.365(ariable is not set,)-.25 F F1(bash)15.865
-E F0 13.364(acts as if it had the v)15.865 F(alue)-.25 E F1($\010\\nr)
+F3(MM)3.168 E F0(m)A F3(SS)A F0(.)A F3(FF)A F0 3.167(s. The)B -.25(va)
+3.167 G(lue).25 E(of)144 423.6 Q F3(p)2.5 E F0
+(determines whether or not the fraction is included.)2.5 E 13.364
+(If this v)144 440.4 R 13.364(ariable is not set,)-.25 F F1(bash)15.865
+E F0 13.365(acts as if it had the v)15.865 F(alue)-.25 E F1($\010\\nr)
144 452.4 Q(eal\\t%3lR\\nuser\\t%3lU\\nsys\\t%3lS\010)-.18 E F0 7.113
(.I)C 4.613(ft)-7.113 G 2.113(he v)-4.613 F 2.113
(alue is null, no timing information is dis-)-.25 F 2.5(played. A)144
476.4 Q F0 .941(If set to a v)144 488.4 R .941(alue greater than zero,)
-.25 F F2(TMOUT)3.441 E F0 .941(is treated as the def)3.191 F .941
(ault timeout for the)-.1 F F1 -.18(re)3.441 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.441
-G(iltin.).2 E(The)144 500.4 Q F1(select)2.81 E F0 .31
-(command terminates if input does not arri)2.81 F .611 -.15(ve a)-.25 H
-(fter).15 E F2(TMOUT)2.811 E F0 .311(seconds when input is com-)2.561 F
-.886(ing from a terminal.)144 512.4 R .886(In an interacti)5.886 F 1.185
--.15(ve s)-.25 H .885(hell, the v).15 F .885
+G(iltin.).2 E(The)144 500.4 Q F1(select)2.811 E F0 .311
+(command terminates if input does not arri)2.811 F .61 -.15(ve a)-.25 H
+(fter).15 E F2(TMOUT)2.81 E F0 .31(seconds when input is com-)2.56 F
+.885(ing from a terminal.)144 512.4 R .885(In an interacti)5.885 F 1.185
+-.15(ve s)-.25 H .885(hell, the v).15 F .886
(alue is interpreted as the number of seconds to)-.25 F -.1(wa)144 524.4
S 1.05(it for a line of input after issuing the primary prompt.).1 F F1
(Bash)6.05 E F0 1.05(terminates after w)3.55 F 1.05(aiting for that)-.1
F(number of seconds if a complete line of input does not arri)144 536.4
-Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1(TMPDIR)108 548.4 Q F0 .391(If set,)144 560.4
-R F1(bash)2.891 E F0 .391(uses its v)2.891 F .391
-(alue as the name of a directory in which)-.25 F F1(bash)2.89 E F0 .39
-(creates temporary \214les for the)2.89 F(shell')144 572.4 Q 2.5(su)-.55
-G(se.)-2.5 E F1(auto_r)108 584.4 Q(esume)-.18 E F0 .53(This v)144 596.4
-R .53(ariable controls ho)-.25 F 3.03(wt)-.25 G .531
-(he shell interacts with the user and job control.)-3.03 F .531
-(If this v)5.531 F .531(ariable is set,)-.25 F .539(single w)144 608.4 R
+Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1(TMPDIR)108 548.4 Q F0 .39(If set,)144 560.4
+R F1(bash)2.89 E F0 .39(uses its v)2.89 F .39
+(alue as the name of a directory in which)-.25 F F1(bash)2.891 E F0 .391
+(creates temporary \214les for the)2.891 F(shell')144 572.4 Q 2.5(su)
+-.55 G(se.)-2.5 E F1(auto_r)108 584.4 Q(esume)-.18 E F0 .531(This v)144
+596.4 R .531(ariable controls ho)-.25 F 3.031(wt)-.25 G .531
+(he shell interacts with the user and job control.)-3.031 F .53
+(If this v)5.53 F .53(ariable is set,)-.25 F .538(single w)144 608.4 R
.538(ord simple commands without redirections are treated as candidates\
- for resumption of an)-.1 F -.15(ex)144 620.4 S .366(isting stopped job)
-.15 F 5.366(.T)-.4 G .366(here is no ambiguity allo)-5.366 F .366
-(wed; if there is more than one job be)-.25 F .367(ginning with)-.15 F
-1.125(the string typed, the job most recently accessed is selected.)144
-632.4 R(The)6.125 E F3(name)3.985 E F0 1.124(of a stopped job, in this)
-3.805 F(conte)144 644.4 Q 1.132
+ for resumption of an)-.1 F -.15(ex)144 620.4 S .367(isting stopped job)
+.15 F 5.367(.T)-.4 G .366(here is no ambiguity allo)-5.367 F .366
+(wed; if there is more than one job be)-.25 F .366(ginning with)-.15 F
+1.124(the string typed, the job most recently accessed is selected.)144
+632.4 R(The)6.125 E F3(name)3.985 E F0 1.125(of a stopped job, in this)
+3.805 F(conte)144 644.4 Q 1.133
(xt, is the command line used to start it.)-.15 F 1.133(If set to the v)
-6.133 F(alue)-.25 E F3 -.2(ex)3.633 G(act).2 E F0 3.633(,t).68 G 1.133
-(he string supplied must)-3.633 F .606
+6.133 F(alue)-.25 E F3 -.2(ex)3.633 G(act).2 E F0 3.632(,t).68 G 1.132
+(he string supplied must)-3.632 F .605
(match the name of a stopped job e)144 656.4 R .606(xactly; if set to)
--.15 F F3(substring)3.445 E F0 3.105(,t).22 G .605
-(he string supplied needs to match a)-3.105 F .884
+-.15 F F3(substring)3.446 E F0 3.106(,t).22 G .606
+(he string supplied needs to match a)-3.106 F .885
(substring of the name of a stopped job)144 668.4 R 5.884(.T)-.4 G(he)
--5.884 E F3(substring)3.724 E F0 -.25(va)3.604 G .885(lue pro).25 F .885
-(vides functionality analogous to)-.15 F(the)144 680.4 Q F1(%?)3.334 E
-F0 .834(job identi\214er \(see)5.834 F F2 .834(JOB CONTR)3.334 F(OL)-.27
+-5.884 E F3(substring)3.724 E F0 -.25(va)3.604 G .884(lue pro).25 F .884
+(vides functionality analogous to)-.15 F(the)144 680.4 Q F1(%?)3.333 E
+F0 .833(job identi\214er \(see)5.833 F F2 .834(JOB CONTR)3.334 F(OL)-.27
E F0(belo)3.084 E 3.334(w\). If)-.25 F .834(set to an)3.334 F 3.334(yo)
--.15 G .834(ther v)-3.334 F .833(alue, the supplied string)-.25 F .315
+-.15 G .834(ther v)-3.334 F .834(alue, the supplied string)-.25 F .316
(must be a pre\214x of a stopped job')144 692.4 R 2.816(sn)-.55 G .316
-(ame; this pro)-2.816 F .316(vides functionality analogous to the)-.15 F
-F1(%)2.816 E F3(string)A F0(job)2.816 E(identi\214er)144 704.4 Q(.)-.55
-E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 May 2)150.675 E(19)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
+(ame; this pro)-2.816 F .315(vides functionality analogous to the)-.15 F
+F1(%)2.815 E F3(string)A F0(job)2.815 E(identi\214er)144 704.4 Q(.)-.55
+E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 June 3)150.675 E(19)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
-SF(histchars)108 84 Q F0 .546(The tw)144 96 R 3.046(oo)-.1 G 3.046(rt)
--3.046 G .546(hree characters which control history e)-3.046 F .545
-(xpansion and tok)-.15 F .545(enization \(see)-.1 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF
-(HIST)3.045 E(OR)-.162 E 2.795(YE)-.315 G(X-)-2.795 E -.666(PA)144 108 S
-(NSION).666 E F0(belo)2.987 E 3.237(w\). The)-.25 F .737
-(\214rst character is the)3.237 F/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF .737
-(history e)3.237 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0(character)3.238 E 3.238(,t)-.4 G
-.738(he character which sig-)-3.238 F .761
-(nals the start of a history e)144 120 R .761(xpansion, normally `)-.15
-F F1(!)A F0 3.261('. The)B .76(second character is the)3.261 F F3(quic)
-3.26 E 3.26(ks)-.2 G(ubstitution)-3.26 E F0(character)144 132 Q 3.476
-(,w)-.4 G .977(hich is used as shorthand for re-running the pre)-3.476 F
-.977(vious command entered, substituting)-.25 F .131
-(one string for another in the command.)144 144 R .131(The def)5.131 F
-.131(ault is `)-.1 F F1(^)A F0 2.63('. The)B .13
-(optional third character is the char)2.63 F(-)-.2 E .276(acter which i\
-ndicates that the remainder of the line is a comment when found as the \
-\214rst character)144 156 R .46(of a w)144 168 R .46(ord, normally `)-.1
-F F1(#)A F0 2.959('. The)B .459
+SF(histchars)108 84 Q F0 .545(The tw)144 96 R 3.045(oo)-.1 G 3.045(rt)
+-3.045 G .545(hree characters which control history e)-3.045 F .546
+(xpansion and tok)-.15 F .546(enization \(see)-.1 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF
+(HIST)3.046 E(OR)-.162 E 2.796(YE)-.315 G(X-)-2.796 E -.666(PA)144 108 S
+(NSION).666 E F0(belo)2.988 E 3.238(w\). The)-.25 F .738
+(\214rst character is the)3.238 F/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF .737
+(history e)3.237 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0(character)3.237 E 3.237(,t)-.4 G
+.737(he character which sig-)-3.237 F .76(nals the start of a history e)
+144 120 R .761(xpansion, normally `)-.15 F F1(!)A F0 3.261('. The)B .761
+(second character is the)3.261 F F3(quic)3.261 E 3.261(ks)-.2 G
+(ubstitution)-3.261 E F0(character)144 132 Q 3.477(,w)-.4 G .977
+(hich is used as shorthand for re-running the pre)-3.477 F .976
+(vious command entered, substituting)-.25 F .13
+(one string for another in the command.)144 144 R .131(The def)5.13 F
+.131(ault is `)-.1 F F1(^)A F0 2.631('. The)B .131
+(optional third character is the char)2.631 F(-)-.2 E .276(acter which \
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+ \214rst character)144 156 R .459(of a w)144 168 R .459(ord, normally `)
+-.1 F F1(#)A F0 2.959('. The)B .459
(history comment character causes history substitution to be skipped)
-2.959 F .466(for the remaining w)144 180 R .466(ords on the line.)-.1 F
-.467(It does not necessarily cause the shell parser to treat the rest)
+2.959 F .467(for the remaining w)144 180 R .467(ords on the line.)-.1 F
+.466(It does not necessarily cause the shell parser to treat the rest)
5.467 F(of the line as a comment.)144 192 Q F1(Arrays)87 208.8 Q(Bash)
-108 220.8 Q F0(pro)3.391 E .891(vides one-dimensional inde)-.15 F -.15
-(xe)-.15 G 3.391(da).15 G .891(nd associati)-3.391 F 1.191 -.15(ve a)
--.25 H .891(rray v).15 F 3.391(ariables. An)-.25 F 3.391(yv)-.15 G .89
+108 220.8 Q F0(pro)3.39 E .89(vides one-dimensional inde)-.15 F -.15(xe)
+-.15 G 3.39(da).15 G .891(nd associati)-3.39 F 1.191 -.15(ve a)-.25 H
+.891(rray v).15 F 3.391(ariables. An)-.25 F 3.391(yv)-.15 G .891
(ariable may be used as an)-3.641 F(inde)108 232.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G
-2.573(da).15 G .073(rray; the)-2.573 F F1(declar)2.573 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2
-(bu)2.573 G .073(iltin will e).2 F .073(xplicitly declare an array)-.15
-F 5.073(.T)-.65 G .074(here is no maximum limit on the size of)-5.073 F
-.329(an array)108 244.8 R 2.829(,n)-.65 G .329(or an)-2.829 F 2.829(yr)
--.15 G .329(equirement that members be inde)-2.829 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
-2.829(do).15 G 2.829(ra)-2.829 G .328(ssigned contiguously)-2.829 F
-5.328(.I)-.65 G(nde)-5.328 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.828(da).15 G .328
-(rrays are refer)-2.828 F(-)-.2 E 1.595(enced using inte)108 256.8 R
+2.574(da).15 G .074(rray; the)-2.574 F F1(declar)2.574 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2
+(bu)2.574 G .074(iltin will e).2 F .073(xplicitly declare an array)-.15
+F 5.073(.T)-.65 G .073(here is no maximum limit on the size of)-5.073 F
+.328(an array)108 244.8 R 2.828(,n)-.65 G .328(or an)-2.828 F 2.828(yr)
+-.15 G .329(equirement that members be inde)-2.828 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
+2.829(do).15 G 2.829(ra)-2.829 G .329(ssigned contiguously)-2.829 F
+5.329(.I)-.65 G(nde)-5.329 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.829(da).15 G .329
+(rrays are refer)-2.829 F(-)-.2 E 1.595(enced using inte)108 256.8 R
1.595(gers \(including arithmetic e)-.15 F 1.595
(xpressions\) and are zero-based; associati)-.15 F 1.895 -.15(ve a)-.25
H 1.595(rrays are refer).15 F(-)-.2 E(enced using arbitrary strings.)108
268.8 Q(Unless otherwise noted, inde)5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G
(rray indices must be non-ne)-2.5 E -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .3 -.15
-(ve i)-.25 H(nte).15 E(gers.)-.15 E 2.463(An inde)108 285.6 R -.15(xe)
--.15 G 4.963(da).15 G 2.463(rray is created automatically if an)-4.963 F
-4.963(yv)-.15 G 2.462(ariable is assigned to using the syntax)-5.213 F
-F3(name)4.962 E F0([)A F3(sub-)A(script)108 297.6 Q F0(]=)A F3(value)A
-F0 5.506(.T)C(he)-5.506 E F3(subscript)3.346 E F0 .507
+(ve i)-.25 H(nte).15 E(gers.)-.15 E 2.462(An inde)108 285.6 R -.15(xe)
+-.15 G 4.962(da).15 G 2.462(rray is created automatically if an)-4.962 F
+4.963(yv)-.15 G 2.463(ariable is assigned to using the syntax)-5.213 F
+F3(name)4.963 E F0([)A F3(sub-)A(script)108 297.6 Q F0(]=)A F3(value)A
+F0 5.507(.T)C(he)-5.507 E F3(subscript)3.347 E F0 .507
(is treated as an arithmetic e)3.687 F .507(xpression that must e)-.15 F
--.25(va)-.25 G .507(luate to a number).25 F 5.507(.T)-.55 G 3.007(oe)
--6.307 G(x-)-3.157 E 1.193(plicitly declare an inde)108 309.6 R -.15(xe)
--.15 G 3.693(da).15 G(rray)-3.693 E 3.693(,u)-.65 G(se)-3.693 E F1
-(declar)3.693 E 3.693<65ad>-.18 G(a)-3.693 E F3(name)3.693 E F0(\(see)
-3.692 E F2 1.192(SHELL B)3.692 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.192(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F
-F0(belo)3.442 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(de-)6.192 E(clar)108 321.6 Q 2.5<65ad>
+-.25(va)-.25 G .507(luate to a number).25 F 5.506(.T)-.55 G 3.006(oe)
+-6.306 G(x-)-3.156 E 1.192(plicitly declare an inde)108 309.6 R -.15(xe)
+-.15 G 3.692(da).15 G(rray)-3.692 E 3.692(,u)-.65 G(se)-3.692 E F1
+(declar)3.692 E 3.693<65ad>-.18 G(a)-3.693 E F3(name)3.693 E F0(\(see)
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+F0(belo)3.443 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(de-)6.193 E(clar)108 321.6 Q 2.5<65ad>
-.18 G(a)-2.5 E F3(name)2.5 E F1([)A F3(subscript)A F1(])A F0
(is also accepted; the)2.5 E F3(subscript)2.5 E F0(is ignored.)2.5 E
(Associati)108 338.4 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(rrays are created using).15 E
F1(declar)2.5 E 2.5<65ad>-.18 G(A)-2.5 E F3(name)2.5 E F0(.)A(Attrib)108
-355.2 Q .94(utes may be speci\214ed for an array v)-.2 F .941
-(ariable using the)-.25 F F1(declar)3.441 E(e)-.18 E F0(and)3.441 E F1
--.18(re)3.441 G(adonly).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.441 G 3.441(iltins. Each).2 F
-(attrib)3.441 E(ute)-.2 E(applies to all members of an array)108 367.2 Q
+355.2 Q .941(utes may be speci\214ed for an array v)-.2 F .941
+(ariable using the)-.25 F F1(declar)3.441 E(e)-.18 E F0(and)3.44 E F1
+-.18(re)3.44 G(adonly).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.44 G 3.44(iltins. Each).2 F
+(attrib)3.44 E(ute)-.2 E(applies to all members of an array)108 367.2 Q
(.)-.65 E 1.647
(Arrays are assigned to using compound assignments of the form)108 384 R
F3(name)4.147 E F0(=)A F1(\()A F0 -.25(va)C(lue).25 E F3(1)A F0 1.647
-(... v)4.147 F(alue)-.25 E F3(n)A F1(\))A F0 4.147(,w)C 1.647(here each)
--4.147 F F3(value)108 396 Q F0 .211(may be of the form [)2.711 F F3
+(... v)4.147 F(alue)-.25 E F3(n)A F1(\))A F0 4.148(,w)C 1.648(here each)
+-4.148 F F3(value)108 396 Q F0 .212(may be of the form [)2.712 F F3
(subscript)A F0(]=)A F3(string)A F0 5.211(.I)C(nde)-5.211 E -.15(xe)-.15
-G 2.711(da).15 G .212(rray assignments do not require an)-2.711 F .212
-(ything b)-.15 F(ut)-.2 E F3(string)2.712 E F0(.)A(Each)108 408 Q F3
-(value)2.53 E F0 .029(in the list is e)2.529 F .029
+G 2.711(da).15 G .211(rray assignments do not require an)-2.711 F .211
+(ything b)-.15 F(ut)-.2 E F3(string)2.711 E F0(.)A(Each)108 408 Q F3
+(value)2.529 E F0 .029(in the list is e)2.529 F .029
(xpanded using all the shell e)-.15 F .029(xpansions described belo)-.15
F 2.529(wu)-.25 G(nder)-2.529 E F2(EXP)2.529 E(ANSION)-.666 E/F4 9
-/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(When)4.529 E .995(assigning to inde)108 420 R
--.15(xe)-.15 G 3.495(da).15 G .995(rrays, if the optional brack)-3.495 F
-.996(ets and subscript are supplied, that inde)-.1 F 3.496(xi)-.15 G
-3.496(sa)-3.496 G .996(ssigned to;)-3.496 F .417(otherwise the inde)108
-432 R 2.917(xo)-.15 G 2.917(ft)-2.917 G .417
-(he element assigned is the last inde)-2.917 F 2.917(xa)-.15 G .416
-(ssigned to by the statement plus one.)-2.917 F(Inde)5.416 E(x-)-.15 E
+/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(When)4.53 E .996(assigning to inde)108 420 R
+-.15(xe)-.15 G 3.496(da).15 G .996(rrays, if the optional brack)-3.496 F
+.996(ets and subscript are supplied, that inde)-.1 F 3.495(xi)-.15 G
+3.495(sa)-3.495 G .995(ssigned to;)-3.495 F .416(otherwise the inde)108
+432 R 2.916(xo)-.15 G 2.916(ft)-2.916 G .417
+(he element assigned is the last inde)-2.916 F 2.917(xa)-.15 G .417
+(ssigned to by the statement plus one.)-2.917 F(Inde)5.417 E(x-)-.15 E
(ing starts at zero.)108 444 Q 1.288(When assigning to an associati)108
460.8 R 1.588 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(rray).15 E 3.788(,t)-.65 G 1.288(he w)
-3.788 F 1.288(ords in a compound assignment may be either assignment)
-.1 F .608
(statements, for which the subscript is required, or a list of w)108
472.8 R .608(ords that is interpreted as a sequence of alter)-.1 F(-)-.2
-E 1.956(nating k)108 484.8 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 4.456(sa).15 G 1.956(nd v)
--4.456 F(alues:)-.25 E F3(name)4.456 E F0(=)A F1(\()A F3 -.1(ke)4.456 G
+E 1.957(nating k)108 484.8 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 4.457(sa).15 G 1.957(nd v)
+-4.457 F(alues:)-.25 E F3(name)4.457 E F0(=)A F1(\()A F3 -.1(ke)4.457 G
1.957(y1 value1 k)-.2 F -.3(ey)-.1 G 4.457(2v).3 G(alue2)-4.457 E F0
-(...)4.457 E F1(\))A F0 6.957(.T)C 1.957
-(hese are treated identically to)-6.957 F F3(name)4.457 E F0(=)A F1(\()A
-F0([)108 496.8 Q F3 -.1(ke)C(y1)-.2 E F0(]=)A F3(value1)A F0([)3.133 E
-F3 -.1(ke)C(y2)-.2 E F0(]=)A F3(value2)A F0(...)3.133 E F1(\))A F0 5.633
-(.T)C .633(he \214rst w)-5.633 F .633(ord in the list determines ho)-.1
-F 3.132(wt)-.25 G .632(he remaining w)-3.132 F .632(ords are inter)-.1 F
-(-)-.2 E .153
+(...)4.457 E F1(\))A F0 6.957(.T)C 1.956
+(hese are treated identically to)-6.957 F F3(name)4.456 E F0(=)A F1(\()A
+F0([)108 496.8 Q F3 -.1(ke)C(y1)-.2 E F0(]=)A F3(value1)A F0([)3.132 E
+F3 -.1(ke)C(y2)-.2 E F0(]=)A F3(value2)A F0(...)3.132 E F1(\))A F0 5.632
+(.T)C .632(he \214rst w)-5.632 F .633(ord in the list determines ho)-.1
+F 3.133(wt)-.25 G .633(he remaining w)-3.133 F .633(ords are inter)-.1 F
+(-)-.2 E .154
(preted; all assignments in a list must be of the same type.)108 508.8 R
-.154(When using k)5.154 F -.15(ey)-.1 G(/v).15 E .154(alue pairs, the k)
--.25 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.654(sm).15 G .154(ay not be)-2.654 F
+.153(When using k)5.153 F -.15(ey)-.1 G(/v).15 E .153(alue pairs, the k)
+-.25 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.653(sm).15 G .153(ay not be)-2.653 F
(missing or empty; a \214nal missing v)108 520.8 Q(alue is treated lik)
--.25 E 2.5(et)-.1 G(he empty string.)-2.5 E .24
-(This syntax is also accepted by the)108 537.6 R F1(declar)2.74 E(e)-.18
-E F0 -.2(bu)2.739 G 2.739(iltin. Indi).2 F .239
+-.25 E 2.5(et)-.1 G(he empty string.)-2.5 E .239
+(This syntax is also accepted by the)108 537.6 R F1(declar)2.739 E(e)
+-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.739 G 2.739(iltin. Indi).2 F .24
(vidual array elements may be assigned to using the)-.25 F F3(name)108
549.6 Q F0([)A F3(subscript)A F0(]=)A F3(value)A F0 1.917
-(syntax introduced abo)4.416 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 6.917(.W).15 G 1.917
+(syntax introduced abo)4.417 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 6.917(.W).15 G 1.917
(hen assigning to an inde)-6.917 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 4.417(da).15 G(rray)
--4.417 E 4.417(,i)-.65 G(f)-4.417 E F3(name)4.777 E F0 1.917(is sub-)
-4.597 F .116(scripted by a ne)108 561.6 R -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .416
--.15(ve n)-.25 H(umber).15 E 2.616(,t)-.4 G .115
-(hat number is interpreted as relati)-2.616 F .415 -.15(ve t)-.25 H
-2.615(oo).15 G .115(ne greater than the maximum inde)-2.615 F(x)-.15 E
-(of)108 573.6 Q F3(name)2.676 E F0 2.676(,s)C 2.676(on)-2.676 G -2.25
--.15(eg a)-2.676 H(ti).15 E .476 -.15(ve i)-.25 H .177
+-4.417 E 4.417(,i)-.65 G(f)-4.417 E F3(name)4.777 E F0 1.916(is sub-)
+4.597 F .115(scripted by a ne)108 561.6 R -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .415
+-.15(ve n)-.25 H(umber).15 E 2.615(,t)-.4 G .115
+(hat number is interpreted as relati)-2.615 F .415 -.15(ve t)-.25 H
+2.615(oo).15 G .116(ne greater than the maximum inde)-2.615 F(x)-.15 E
+(of)108 573.6 Q F3(name)2.677 E F0 2.677(,s)C 2.677(on)-2.677 G -2.25
+-.15(eg a)-2.677 H(ti).15 E .477 -.15(ve i)-.25 H .177
(ndices count back from the end of the array).15 F 2.677(,a)-.65 G .177
-(nd an inde)-2.677 F 2.677(xo)-.15 G 2.677<66ad>-2.677 G 2.677(1r)-2.677
-G .177(eferences the last el-)-2.677 F(ement.)108 585.6 Q .717
-(The += operator will append to an array v)108 602.4 R .716
+(nd an inde)-2.677 F 2.676(xo)-.15 G 2.676<66ad>-2.676 G 2.676(1r)-2.676
+G .176(eferences the last el-)-2.676 F(ement.)108 585.6 Q .716
+(The += operator will append to an array v)108 602.4 R .717
(ariable when assigning using the compound assignment syntax;)-.25 F
(see)108 614.4 Q F2 -.666(PA)2.5 G(RAMETERS).666 E F0(abo)2.25 E -.15
-(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E(An)108 631.2 Q 3.575(ye)-.15 G 1.075
-(lement of an array may be referenced using ${)-3.575 F F3(name)A F0([)A
-F3(subscript)A F0 3.575(]}. The)B 1.076(braces are required to a)3.576 F
--.2(vo)-.2 G(id).2 E 1.542(con\215icts with pathname e)108 643.2 R 4.041
+(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E(An)108 631.2 Q 3.576(ye)-.15 G 1.076
+(lement of an array may be referenced using ${)-3.576 F F3(name)A F0([)A
+F3(subscript)A F0 3.575(]}. The)B 1.075(braces are required to a)3.575 F
+-.2(vo)-.2 G(id).2 E 1.541(con\215icts with pathname e)108 643.2 R 4.041
(xpansion. If)-.15 F F3(subscript)4.041 E F0(is)4.041 E F1(@)4.041 E F0
(or)4.041 E F1(*)4.041 E F0 4.041(,t)C 1.541(he w)-4.041 F 1.541(ord e)
--.1 F 1.541(xpands to all members of)-.15 F F3(name)4.041 E F0(.)A 1.056
-(These subscripts dif)108 655.2 R 1.056(fer only when the w)-.25 F 1.057
-(ord appears within double quotes.)-.1 F 1.057(If the w)6.057 F 1.057
-(ord is double-quoted,)-.1 F(${)108 667.2 Q F3(name)A F0 .521([*]} e)B
-.521(xpands to a single w)-.15 F .521(ord with the v)-.1 F .52
+-.1 F 1.541(xpands to all members of)-.15 F F3(name)4.042 E F0(.)A 1.057
+(These subscripts dif)108 655.2 R 1.057(fer only when the w)-.25 F 1.057
+(ord appears within double quotes.)-.1 F 1.056(If the w)6.056 F 1.056
+(ord is double-quoted,)-.1 F(${)108 667.2 Q F3(name)A F0 .52([*]} e)B
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(alue of each array member separated by the \214rst character)-.25 F
-1.374(of the)108 679.2 R F2(IFS)3.874 E F0 1.374(special v)3.624 F 1.375
+1.375(of the)108 679.2 R F2(IFS)3.875 E F0 1.375(special v)3.625 F 1.375
(ariable, and ${)-.25 F F3(name)A F0 1.375([@]} e)B 1.375
-(xpands each element of)-.15 F F3(name)3.875 E F0 1.375(to a separate w)
-3.875 F 3.875(ord. When)-.1 F 2.028(there are no array members, ${)108
+(xpands each element of)-.15 F F3(name)3.875 E F0 1.374(to a separate w)
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691.2 R F3(name)A F0 2.028([@]} e)B 2.028(xpands to nothing.)-.15 F
-2.027(If the double-quoted e)7.028 F 2.027(xpansion occurs)-.15 F .758
+2.028(If the double-quoted e)7.028 F 2.028(xpansion occurs)-.15 F .759
(within a w)108 703.2 R .759(ord, the e)-.1 F .759
(xpansion of the \214rst parameter is joined with the be)-.15 F .759
-(ginning part of the original w)-.15 F(ord,)-.1 E .516(and the e)108
+(ginning part of the original w)-.15 F(ord,)-.1 E .515(and the e)108
715.2 R .516(xpansion of the last parameter is joined with the last par\
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-F .227(to the e)108 727.2 R .228(xpansion of the special parameters)-.15
+t of the original w)-.15 F 3.016(ord. This)-.1 F .516(is analogous)3.016
+F .228(to the e)108 727.2 R .228(xpansion of the special parameters)-.15
F F1(*)2.728 E F0(and)2.728 E F1(@)2.728 E F0(\(see)2.728 E F1 .228
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BP
.886(pands to the length of ${).15 F/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)A F0
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/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(*)3.386 E F0(or)3.386 E F2(@)3.386 E F0 3.386(,t)
-C .886(he e)-3.386 F .886(xpansion is the number of ele-)-.15 F .294
-(ments in the array)108 96 R 5.294(.I)-.65 G 2.794(ft)-5.294 G(he)-2.794
+C .886(he e)-3.386 F .886(xpansion is the number of ele-)-.15 F .295
+(ments in the array)108 96 R 5.295(.I)-.65 G 2.795(ft)-5.295 G(he)-2.795
E F1(subscript)3.135 E F0 .295(used to reference an element of an inde)
-3.475 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.795(da).15 G .295(rray e)-2.795 F -.25(va)-.25
-G .295(luates to a number).25 F .629
-(less than zero, it is interpreted as relati)108 108 R .929 -.15(ve t)
--.25 H 3.128(oo).15 G .628(ne greater than the maximum inde)-3.128 F
-3.128(xo)-.15 G 3.128(ft)-3.128 G .628(he array)-3.128 F 3.128(,s)-.65 G
-3.128(on)-3.128 G -2.25 -.15(eg a)-3.128 H(ti).15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
+3.475 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.794(da).15 G .294(rray e)-2.794 F -.25(va)-.25
+G .294(luates to a number).25 F .628
+(less than zero, it is interpreted as relati)108 108 R .928 -.15(ve t)
+-.25 H 3.128(oo).15 G .629(ne greater than the maximum inde)-3.128 F
+3.129(xo)-.15 G 3.129(ft)-3.129 G .629(he array)-3.129 F 3.129(,s)-.65 G
+3.129(on)-3.129 G -2.25 -.15(eg a)-3.129 H(ti).15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
(indices count back from the end of the array)108 120 Q 2.5(,a)-.65 G
(nd an inde)-2.5 E 2.5(xo)-.15 G 2.5<66ad>-2.5 G 2.5(1r)-2.5 G
(eferences the last element.)-2.5 E .595(Referencing an array v)108
F0(will create an array if necessary)2.5 E(.)-.65 E(An array v)108 165.6
Q(ariable is considered set if a subscript has been assigned a v)-.25 E
2.5(alue. The)-.25 F(null string is a v)2.5 E(alid v)-.25 E(alue.)-.25 E
-.418(It is possible to obtain the k)108 182.4 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.918(s\()
-.15 G .418(indices\) of an array as well as the v)-2.918 F 2.917
-(alues. ${)-.25 F F2(!)A F1(name)A F0([)A F1(@)A F0 .417(]} and ${)B F2
-(!)A F1(name)A F0([)A F1(*)A F0(]})A -.15(ex)108 194.4 S .749
+.417(It is possible to obtain the k)108 182.4 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.918(s\()
+.15 G .418(indices\) of an array as well as the v)-2.918 F 2.918
+(alues. ${)-.25 F F2(!)A F1(name)A F0([)A F1(@)A F0 .418(]} and ${)B F2
+(!)A F1(name)A F0([)A F1(*)A F0(]})A -.15(ex)108 194.4 S .75
(pand to the indices assigned in array v).15 F(ariable)-.25 E F1(name)
-3.249 E F0 5.749(.T)C .75
+3.249 E F0 5.749(.T)C .749
(he treatment when in double quotes is similar to)-5.749 F(the e)108
206.4 Q(xpansion of the special parameters)-.15 E F1(@)2.5 E F0(and)2.5
E F1(*)2.5 E F0(within double quotes.)2.5 E(The)108 223.2 Q F2(unset)
-2.767 E F0 -.2(bu)2.767 G .267(iltin is used to destro).2 F 2.767(ya)-.1
+2.766 E F0 -.2(bu)2.766 G .267(iltin is used to destro).2 F 2.767(ya)-.1
G(rrays.)-2.767 E F2(unset)5.267 E F1(name)2.767 E F0([)A F1(subscript)A
F0 2.767(]d)C(estro)-2.767 E .267(ys the array element at inde)-.1 F(x)
--.15 E F1(sub-)2.766 E(script)108 235.2 Q F0 2.858(,f)C .358
+-.15 E F1(sub-)2.767 E(script)108 235.2 Q F0 2.858(,f)C .358
(or both inde)-2.858 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.858(da).15 G .358(nd associati)
-2.858 F .658 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 2.858(rrays. Ne).15 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti)
.05 E .658 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .358(ubscripts to inde).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
-2.858(da).15 G .358(rrays are interpreted as de-)-2.858 F 1.205
-(scribed abo)108 247.2 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 6.205(.U).15 G 1.205
-(nsetting the last element of an array v)-6.205 F 1.204
-(ariable does not unset the v)-.25 F(ariable.)-.25 E F2(unset)6.204 E F1
-(name)3.704 E F0(,)A(where)108 259.2 Q F1(name)3.412 E F0 .912
-(is an array)3.412 F 3.412(,r)-.65 G(emo)-3.412 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.412
-(st).15 G .912(he entire array)-3.412 F(.)-.65 E F2(unset)5.912 E F1
+2.858(da).15 G .358(rrays are interpreted as de-)-2.858 F 1.204
+(scribed abo)108 247.2 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 6.204(.U).15 G 1.204
+(nsetting the last element of an array v)-6.204 F 1.205
+(ariable does not unset the v)-.25 F(ariable.)-.25 E F2(unset)6.205 E F1
+(name)3.705 E F0(,)A(where)108 259.2 Q F1(name)3.413 E F0 .913
+(is an array)3.413 F 3.413(,r)-.65 G(emo)-3.413 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.413
+(st).15 G .912(he entire array)-3.413 F(.)-.65 E F2(unset)5.912 E F1
(name)3.412 E F0([)A F1(subscript)A F0 .912(], where)B F1(subscript)
-3.413 E F0(is)3.413 E F2(*)3.413 E F0(or)3.413 E F2(@)3.413 E F0 3.413
-(,b)C(e-)-3.413 E(ha)108 271.2 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.126(sd).15 G(if)-3.126
-E .626(ferently depending on whether)-.25 F F1(name)3.126 E F0 .626
-(is an inde)3.126 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.126(do).15 G 3.126(ra)-3.126 G
-(ssociati)-3.126 E .925 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(rray).15 E 5.625(.I)-.65 G(f)
--5.625 E F1(name)3.125 E F0 .625(is an associati)3.125 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
+3.412 E F0(is)3.412 E F2(*)3.412 E F0(or)3.412 E F2(@)3.412 E F0 3.412
+(,b)C(e-)-3.412 E(ha)108 271.2 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.125(sd).15 G(if)-3.125
+E .625(ferently depending on whether)-.25 F F1(name)3.125 E F0 .626
+(is an inde)3.125 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.126(do).15 G 3.126(ra)-3.126 G
+(ssociati)-3.126 E .926 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(rray).15 E 5.626(.I)-.65 G(f)
+-5.626 E F1(name)3.126 E F0 .626(is an associati)3.126 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
(array)108 283.2 Q 3.067(,t)-.65 G .567
(his unsets the element with subscript)-3.067 F F2(*)3.067 E F0(or)3.067
E F2(@)3.067 E F0 5.567(.I)C(f)-5.567 E F1(name)3.067 E F0 .567
(is an inde)3.067 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.067(da).15 G(rray)-3.067 E 3.067
(,u)-.65 G .567(nset remo)-3.067 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.067(sa).15 G .567
(ll of the)-3.067 F(elements b)108 295.2 Q(ut does not remo)-.2 E .3
--.15(ve t)-.15 H(he array itself.).15 E .029(When using a v)108 312 R
-.029(ariable name with a subscript as an ar)-.25 F .028
-(gument to a command, such as with)-.18 F F2(unset)2.528 E F0 2.528(,w)C
-.028(ithout us-)-2.528 F .937(ing the w)108 324 R .937(ord e)-.1 F .937
+-.15(ve t)-.15 H(he array itself.).15 E .028(When using a v)108 312 R
+.028(ariable name with a subscript as an ar)-.25 F .029
+(gument to a command, such as with)-.18 F F2(unset)2.529 E F0 2.529(,w)C
+.029(ithout us-)-2.529 F .938(ing the w)108 324 R .938(ord e)-.1 F .938
(xpansion syntax described abo)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.437(,t).15 G .937
-(he ar)-3.437 F .938(gument is subject to pathname e)-.18 F 3.438
-(xpansion. If)-.15 F(path-)3.438 E(name e)108 336 Q
+(he ar)-3.437 F .937(gument is subject to pathname e)-.18 F 3.437
+(xpansion. If)-.15 F(path-)3.437 E(name e)108 336 Q
(xpansion is not desired, the ar)-.15 E(gument should be quoted.)-.18 E
-(The)108 352.8 Q F2(declar)2.684 E(e)-.18 E F0(,)A F2(local)2.684 E F0
-2.684(,a)C(nd)-2.684 E F2 -.18(re)2.684 G(adonly).18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.684 G
+(The)108 352.8 Q F2(declar)2.683 E(e)-.18 E F0(,)A F2(local)2.683 E F0
+2.683(,a)C(nd)-2.683 E F2 -.18(re)2.683 G(adonly).18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.683 G
.184(iltins each accept a).2 F F2<ad61>2.684 E F0 .184
-(option to specify an inde)2.684 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.683(da).15 G .183
-(rray and a)-2.683 F F2<ad41>2.683 E F0(op-)2.683 E .041
+(option to specify an inde)2.684 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.684(da).15 G .184
+(rray and a)-2.684 F F2<ad41>2.684 E F0(op-)2.684 E .042
(tion to specify an associati)108 364.8 R .341 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(rray).15
E 5.041(.I)-.65 G 2.541(fb)-5.041 G .041(oth options are supplied,)
-2.541 F F2<ad41>2.541 E F0(tak)2.541 E .041(es precedence.)-.1 F(The)
-5.041 E F2 -.18(re)2.542 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.542 G .042(iltin ac-).2
-F .864(cepts a)108 376.8 R F2<ad61>3.364 E F0 .864
-(option to assign a list of w)3.364 F .864
-(ords read from the standard input to an array)-.1 F 5.863(.T)-.65 G(he)
--5.863 E F2(set)3.363 E F0(and)3.363 E F2(declar)3.363 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2
+5.041 E F2 -.18(re)2.541 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.541 G .041(iltin ac-).2
+F .863(cepts a)108 376.8 R F2<ad61>3.363 E F0 .864
+(option to assign a list of w)3.363 F .864
+(ords read from the standard input to an array)-.1 F 5.864(.T)-.65 G(he)
+-5.864 E F2(set)3.364 E F0(and)3.364 E F2(declar)3.364 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2
(bu)108 388.8 S(iltins display array v).2 E(alues in a w)-.25 E
(ay that allo)-.1 E(ws them to be reused as assignments.)-.25 E/F3 10.95
/Times-Bold@0 SF(EXP)72 405.6 Q(ANSION)-.81 E F0 .76(Expansion is perfo\
rmed on the command line after it has been split into w)108 417.6 R 3.26
(ords. There)-.1 F .76(are se)3.26 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.26(nk).15 G .76
-(inds of)-3.26 F -.15(ex)108 429.6 S .201(pansion performed:).15 F F1
-(br)2.971 E .201(ace e)-.15 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0(,).24 E F1 .201(tilde e)
+(inds of)-3.26 F -.15(ex)108 429.6 S .2(pansion performed:).15 F F1(br)
+2.971 E .201(ace e)-.15 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0(,).24 E F1 .201(tilde e)
2.831 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0(,).24 E F1(par)3.951 E .201
-(ameter and variable e)-.15 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0(,).24 E F1 .2
+(ameter and variable e)-.15 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0(,).24 E F1 .201
(command sub-)2.901 F(stitution)108 441.6 Q F0(,).24 E F1(arithmetic e)
2.83 E(xpansion)-.2 E F0(,).24 E F1(wor)2.84 E 2.5(ds)-.37 G(plitting)
-2.5 E F0 2.5(,a).22 G(nd)-2.5 E F1(pathname e)3.75 E(xpansion)-.2 E F0
-(.).24 E .418(The order of e)108 458.4 R .418(xpansions is: brace e)-.15
-F .418(xpansion; tilde e)-.15 F .419(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F
-.419(ariable e)-.25 F .419(xpansion, arithmetic)-.15 F -.15(ex)108 470.4
-S .196(pansion, and command substitution \(done in a left-to-right f).15
-F .195(ashion\); w)-.1 F .195(ord splitting; and pathname e)-.1 F(xpan-)
+(.).24 E .419(The order of e)108 458.4 R .419(xpansions is: brace e)-.15
+F .418(xpansion; tilde e)-.15 F .418(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F
+.418(ariable e)-.25 F .418(xpansion, arithmetic)-.15 F -.15(ex)108 470.4
+S .195(pansion, and command substitution \(done in a left-to-right f).15
+F .196(ashion\); w)-.1 F .196(ord splitting; and pathname e)-.1 F(xpan-)
-.15 E(sion.)108 482.4 Q .257
(On systems that can support it, there is an additional e)108 499.2 R
.257(xpansion a)-.15 F -.25(va)-.2 G(ilable:).25 E F1(pr)2.757 E .257
-(ocess substitution)-.45 F F0 5.257(.T)C .257(his is per)-5.257 F(-)-.2
+(ocess substitution)-.45 F F0 5.257(.T)C .256(his is per)-5.257 F(-)-.2
E(formed at the same time as tilde, parameter)108 511.2 Q 2.5(,v)-.4 G
(ariable, and arithmetic e)-2.75 E(xpansion and command substitution.)
--.15 E .003(After these e)108 528 R .003
+-.15 E .002(After these e)108 528 R .003
(xpansions are performed, quote characters present in the original w)
--.15 F .002(ord are remo)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.502(du).15 G .002
-(nless the)-2.502 F(y)-.15 E(ha)108 540 Q .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
+-.15 F .003(ord are remo)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.503(du).15 G .003
+(nless the)-2.503 F(y)-.15 E(ha)108 540 Q .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
(een quoted themselv).15 E(es \()-.15 E F1(quote r)A(emo)-.37 E(val)-.1
-E F0(\).)A .171(Only brace e)108 556.8 R .171(xpansion, w)-.15 F .171
+E F0(\).)A .172(Only brace e)108 556.8 R .172(xpansion, w)-.15 F .171
(ord splitting, and pathname e)-.1 F .171
-(xpansion can increase the number of w)-.15 F .172(ords of the e)-.1 F
-(x-)-.15 E .777(pansion; other e)108 568.8 R .776(xpansions e)-.15 F
+(xpansion can increase the number of w)-.15 F .171(ords of the e)-.1 F
+(x-)-.15 E .776(pansion; other e)108 568.8 R .776(xpansions e)-.15 F
.776(xpand a single w)-.15 F .776(ord to a single w)-.1 F 3.276
(ord. The)-.1 F .776(only e)3.276 F .776(xceptions to this are the e)
--.15 F(x-)-.15 E .695(pansions of ")108 580.8 R F2($@)A F0 3.195("a)C
-.695(nd ")-3.195 F F2(${)A F1(name)A F2([@]})A F0 .696
+-.15 F(x-)-.15 E .696(pansions of ")108 580.8 R F2($@)A F0 3.196("a)C
+.696(nd ")-3.196 F F2(${)A F1(name)A F2([@]})A F0 .696
(", and, in most cases,)B F2($*)3.196 E F0(and)3.196 E F2(${)3.196 E F1
-(name)A F2([*]})A F0 .696(as e)3.196 F .696(xplained abo)-.15 F .996
--.15(ve \()-.15 H(see).15 E/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)3.196 G(-).666
+(name)A F2([*]})A F0 .695(as e)3.196 F .695(xplained abo)-.15 F .995
+-.15(ve \()-.15 H(see).15 E/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)3.195 G(-).666
E(RAMETERS)108 592.8 Q/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(\).)A F2(Brace Expansion)87
609.6 Q F1(Br)108.58 621.6 Q .606(ace e)-.15 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0 .606
(is a mechanism by which arbitrary strings may be generated.)3.346 F
(pathname e)2.915 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0 2.915(,b)C .415
(ut the \214lenames generated need not e)-3.115 F 2.915(xist. P)-.15 F
.415(atterns to be brace e)-.15 F .415(xpanded tak)-.15 F 2.915(et)-.1 G
-(he)-2.915 E .074(form of an optional)108 645.6 R F1(pr)3.823 E(eamble)
+(he)-2.915 E .073(form of an optional)108 645.6 R F1(pr)3.823 E(eamble)
-.37 E F0 2.573(,f).18 G(ollo)-2.573 E .073
(wed by either a series of comma-separated strings or a sequence e)-.25
-F(xpres-)-.15 E .489(sion between a pair of braces, follo)108 657.6 R
-.489(wed by an optional)-.25 F F1(postscript)4.239 E F0 5.49(.T).68 G
-.49(he preamble is pre\214x)-5.49 F .49(ed to each string)-.15 F .659(c\
-ontained within the braces, and the postscript is then appended to each\
- resulting string, e)108 669.6 R .658(xpanding left to)-.15 F(right.)108
-681.6 Q .718(Brace e)108 698.4 R .719(xpansions may be nested.)-.15 F
-.719(The results of each e)5.719 F .719
+F(xpres-)-.15 E .49(sion between a pair of braces, follo)108 657.6 R
+.489(wed by an optional)-.25 F F1(postscript)4.239 E F0 5.489(.T).68 G
+.489(he preamble is pre\214x)-5.489 F .489(ed to each string)-.15 F .659
+(contained within the braces, and the postscript is then appended to ea\
+ch resulting string, e)108 669.6 R .659(xpanding left to)-.15 F(right.)
+108 681.6 Q .719(Brace e)108 698.4 R .719(xpansions may be nested.)-.15
+F .719(The results of each e)5.719 F .719
(xpanded string are not sorted; left to right order is)-.15 F(preserv)
108 710.4 Q 2.5(ed. F)-.15 F(or e)-.15 E(xample, a)-.15 E F2({)A F0
-(d,c,b)A F2(})A F0 2.5(ee)C(xpands into `ade ace abe'.)-2.65 E 3.149(As)
-108 727.2 S .649(equence e)-3.149 F .649(xpression tak)-.15 F .649
+(d,c,b)A F2(})A F0 2.5(ee)C(xpands into `ade ace abe'.)-2.65 E 3.148(As)
+108 727.2 S .648(equence e)-3.148 F .648(xpression tak)-.15 F .649
(es the form)-.1 F F2({)3.149 E F1(x)A F2(..)A F1(y)A F2([..)A F1(incr)A
F2(]})A F0 3.149(,w)C(here)-3.149 E F1(x)3.149 E F0(and)3.149 E F1(y)
-3.149 E F0 .649(are either inte)3.149 F .648
-(gers or single letters, and)-.15 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 May 2)
+3.149 E F0 .649(are either inte)3.149 F .649
+(gers or single letters, and)-.15 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 June 3)
150.675 E(21)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 22 22
%%BeginPageSetup
/Times-Italic@0 SF(incr)108 84 Q F0 2.615(,a)C 2.615(no)-2.615 G .115
(ptional increment, is an inte)-2.615 F(ger)-.15 E 5.115(.W)-.55 G .115
(hen inte)-5.115 F .115(gers are supplied, the e)-.15 F .115
-(xpression e)-.15 F .115(xpands to each num-)-.15 F 1.014(ber between)
-108 96 R F1(x)3.514 E F0(and)3.514 E F1(y)3.513 E F0 3.513(,i)C(nclusi)
+(xpression e)-.15 F .115(xpands to each num-)-.15 F 1.013(ber between)
+108 96 R F1(x)3.513 E F0(and)3.513 E F1(y)3.513 E F0 3.513(,i)C(nclusi)
-3.513 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 6.013(.S).15 G 1.013(upplied inte)-6.013 F 1.013
(gers may be pre\214x)-.15 F 1.013(ed with)-.15 F F1(0)3.513 E F0 1.013
-(to force each term to ha)3.513 F 1.313 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E .014
-(same width.)108 108 R .014(When either)5.014 F F1(x)2.514 E F0(or)2.514
-E F1(y)2.514 E F0(be)2.514 E .015(gins with a zero, the shell attempts \
-to force all generated terms to contain)-.15 F 1.131
+(to force each term to ha)3.513 F 1.314 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E .015
+(same width.)108 108 R .015(When either)5.015 F F1(x)2.515 E F0(or)2.515
+E F1(y)2.515 E F0(be)2.515 E .014(gins with a zero, the shell attempts \
+to force all generated terms to contain)-.15 F 1.13
(the same number of digits, zero-padding where necessary)108 120 R 6.131
-(.W)-.65 G 1.13(hen letters are supplied, the e)-6.131 F 1.13
-(xpression e)-.15 F(x-)-.15 E .484(pands to each character le)108 132 R
-.484(xicographically between)-.15 F F1(x)2.984 E F0(and)2.984 E F1(y)
-2.984 E F0 2.984(,i)C(nclusi)-2.984 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.984(,u).15 G .485
-(sing the def)-2.984 F .485(ault C locale.)-.1 F .485(Note that)5.485 F
-(both)108 144 Q F1(x)2.967 E F0(and)2.967 E F1(y)2.967 E F0 .467
-(must be of the same type \(inte)2.967 F .467(ger or letter\).)-.15 F
+(.W)-.65 G 1.131(hen letters are supplied, the e)-6.131 F 1.131
+(xpression e)-.15 F(x-)-.15 E .485(pands to each character le)108 132 R
+.485(xicographically between)-.15 F F1(x)2.985 E F0(and)2.984 E F1(y)
+2.984 E F0 2.984(,i)C(nclusi)-2.984 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.984(,u).15 G .484
+(sing the def)-2.984 F .484(ault C locale.)-.1 F .484(Note that)5.484 F
+(both)108 144 Q F1(x)2.966 E F0(and)2.966 E F1(y)2.966 E F0 .467
+(must be of the same type \(inte)2.966 F .467(ger or letter\).)-.15 F
.467(When the increment is supplied, it is used as the)5.467 F(dif)108
156 Q(ference between each term.)-.25 E(The def)5 E
-(ault increment is 1 or \2551 as appropriate.)-.1 E .581(Brace e)108
-172.8 R .581(xpansion is performed before an)-.15 F 3.081(yo)-.15 G .581
-(ther e)-3.081 F .581(xpansions, and an)-.15 F 3.082(yc)-.15 G .582
-(haracters special to other e)-3.082 F(xpansions)-.15 E .016
-(are preserv)108 184.8 R .016(ed in the result.)-.15 F .016
-(It is strictly te)5.016 F(xtual.)-.15 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Bash)
-5.016 E F0 .015(does not apply an)2.516 F 2.515(ys)-.15 G .015
-(yntactic interpretation to the con-)-2.515 F(te)108 196.8 Q
+(ault increment is 1 or \2551 as appropriate.)-.1 E .582(Brace e)108
+172.8 R .582(xpansion is performed before an)-.15 F 3.082(yo)-.15 G .581
+(ther e)-3.082 F .581(xpansions, and an)-.15 F 3.081(yc)-.15 G .581
+(haracters special to other e)-3.081 F(xpansions)-.15 E .015
+(are preserv)108 184.8 R .015(ed in the result.)-.15 F .015
+(It is strictly te)5.015 F(xtual.)-.15 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Bash)
+5.016 E F0 .016(does not apply an)2.516 F 2.516(ys)-.15 G .016
+(yntactic interpretation to the con-)-2.516 F(te)108 196.8 Q
(xt of the e)-.15 E(xpansion or the te)-.15 E(xt between the braces.)
--.15 E 2.501(Ac)108 213.6 S .001(orrectly-formed brace e)-2.501 F .001(\
+-.15 E 2.502(Ac)108 213.6 S .002(orrectly-formed brace e)-2.502 F .001(\
xpansion must contain unquoted opening and closing braces, and at least\
- one un-)-.15 F .458(quoted comma or a v)108 225.6 R .458
+ one un-)-.15 F .457(quoted comma or a v)108 225.6 R .458
(alid sequence e)-.25 F 2.958(xpression. An)-.15 F 2.958(yi)-.15 G .458
-(ncorrectly formed brace e)-2.958 F .457(xpansion is left unchanged.)
--.15 F(A)108 237.6 Q F2({)2.521 E F0(or)2.521 E F2(,)2.521 E F0 .021
-(may be quoted with a backslash to pre)2.521 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .022
-(nt its being considered part of a brace e).15 F 2.522(xpression. T)-.15
-F 2.522(oa)-.8 G -.2(vo)-2.722 G(id).2 E .172
+(ncorrectly formed brace e)-2.958 F .458(xpansion is left unchanged.)
+-.15 F(A)108 237.6 Q F2({)2.522 E F0(or)2.522 E F2(,)2.522 E F0 .022
+(may be quoted with a backslash to pre)2.522 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .021
+(nt its being considered part of a brace e).15 F 2.521(xpression. T)-.15
+F 2.521(oa)-.8 G -.2(vo)-2.721 G(id).2 E .172
(con\215icts with parameter e)108 249.6 R .172(xpansion, the string)-.15
F F2(${)2.672 E F0 .172(is not considered eligible for brace e)2.672 F
.172(xpansion, and inhibits)-.15 F(brace e)108 261.6 Q
E(w_e)-.25 E(x}})-.15 E .618(Brace e)108 348 R .618
(xpansion introduces a slight incompatibility with historical v)-.15 F
.618(ersions of)-.15 F F2(sh)3.118 E F0(.)A F2(sh)5.618 E F0 .618
-(does not treat open-)3.118 F .247
-(ing or closing braces specially when the)108 360 R 2.747(ya)-.15 G .247
-(ppear as part of a w)-2.747 F .248(ord, and preserv)-.1 F .248
-(es them in the output.)-.15 F F2(Bash)5.248 E F0(remo)108 372 Q -.15
+(does not treat open-)3.118 F .248
+(ing or closing braces specially when the)108 360 R 2.748(ya)-.15 G .247
+(ppear as part of a w)-2.748 F .247(ord, and preserv)-.1 F .247
+(es them in the output.)-.15 F F2(Bash)5.247 E F0(remo)108 372 Q -.15
(ve)-.15 G 3.53(sb).15 G 1.03(races from w)-3.53 F 1.03
(ords as a consequence of brace e)-.1 F 3.53(xpansion. F)-.15 F 1.03
(or e)-.15 F 1.03(xample, a w)-.15 F 1.03(ord entered to)-.1 F F2(sh)
-3.53 E F0(as)3.53 E F1(\214le{1,2})108 384 Q F0 .514
-(appears identically in the output.)3.014 F .515(The same w)5.515 F .515
-(ord is output as)-.1 F F1 .515(\214le1 \214le2)4.925 F F0 .515(after e)
-3.035 F .515(xpansion by)-.15 F F2(bash)3.015 E F0(.)A .437
+3.53 E F0(as)3.53 E F1(\214le{1,2})108 384 Q F0 .515
+(appears identically in the output.)3.015 F .515(The same w)5.515 F .515
+(ord is output as)-.1 F F1 .514(\214le1 \214le2)4.925 F F0 .514(after e)
+3.034 F .514(xpansion by)-.15 F F2(bash)3.014 E F0(.)A .436
(If strict compatibility with)108 396 R F2(sh)2.936 E F0 .436
(is desired, start)2.936 F F2(bash)2.936 E F0 .436(with the)2.936 F F2
-(+B)2.936 E F0 .436(option or disable brace e)2.936 F .436
+(+B)2.936 E F0 .436(option or disable brace e)2.936 F .437
(xpansion with the)-.15 F F2(+B)108 408 Q F0(option to the)2.5 E F2(set)
2.5 E F0(command \(see)2.5 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)2.5 E(UIL)-.09
E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F2 -.18(Ti)87 424.8 S
-(lde Expansion).18 E F0 1.086(If a w)108 436.8 R 1.086(ord be)-.1 F
-1.086(gins with an unquoted tilde character \(`)-.15 F F2(~)A F0 1.087
+(lde Expansion).18 E F0 1.087(If a w)108 436.8 R 1.087(ord be)-.1 F
+1.087(gins with an unquoted tilde character \(`)-.15 F F2(~)A F0 1.086
('\), all of the characters preceding the \214rst unquoted)B .185(slash\
\(or all characters, if there is no unquoted slash\) are considered a)
108 448.8 R F1(tilde-pr)2.685 E(e\214x)-.37 E F0 5.185(.I)C 2.685(fn)
--5.185 G .185(one of the characters)-2.685 F .725(in the tilde-pre\214x\
- are quoted, the characters in the tilde-pre\214x follo)108 460.8 R .726
-(wing the tilde are treated as a possible)-.25 F F1(lo)108 472.8 Q .523
-(gin name)-.1 F F0 5.523(.I)C 3.023(ft)-5.523 G .523
+-5.185 G .185(one of the characters)-2.685 F .726(in the tilde-pre\214x\
+ are quoted, the characters in the tilde-pre\214x follo)108 460.8 R .725
+(wing the tilde are treated as a possible)-.25 F F1(lo)108 472.8 Q .522
+(gin name)-.1 F F0 5.522(.I)C 3.022(ft)-5.522 G .522
(his login name is the null string, the tilde is replaced with the v)
--3.023 F .522(alue of the shell parameter)-.25 F F3(HOME)108 484.8 Q/F4
-9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(If)4.786 E F3(HOME)2.786 E F0 .287
-(is unset, the home directory of the user e)2.536 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .287
-(cuting the shell is substituted instead.).15 F(Other)5.287 E(-)-.2 E(w\
+-3.022 F .523(alue of the shell parameter)-.25 F F3(HOME)108 484.8 Q/F4
+9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(If)4.787 E F3(HOME)2.787 E F0 .287
+(is unset, the home directory of the user e)2.537 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .286
+(cuting the shell is substituted instead.).15 F(Other)5.286 E(-)-.2 E(w\
ise, the tilde-pre\214x is replaced with the home directory associated \
-with the speci\214ed login name.)108 496.8 Q .093
+with the speci\214ed login name.)108 496.8 Q .092
(If the tilde-pre\214x is a `~+', the v)108 513.6 R .092
(alue of the shell v)-.25 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(PWD)2.592 E F0 .092
-(replaces the tilde-pre\214x.)2.342 F .092(If the tilde-pre\214x is)
-5.092 F 3.403(a`)108 525.6 S .903(~\255', the v)-3.403 F .903
+(replaces the tilde-pre\214x.)2.342 F .093(If the tilde-pre\214x is)
+5.093 F 3.404(a`)108 525.6 S .904(~\255', the v)-3.404 F .904
(alue of the shell v)-.25 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(OLDPWD)3.404 E F4(,)A F0
-.904(if it is set, is substituted.)3.154 F .904(If the characters follo)
-5.904 F .904(wing the)-.25 F .88
-(tilde in the tilde-pre\214x consist of a number)108 537.6 R F1(N)3.38 E
-F0 3.38(,o)C .88(ptionally pre\214x)-3.38 F .879
+.904(if it is set, is substituted.)3.154 F .903(If the characters follo)
+5.903 F .903(wing the)-.25 F .879
+(tilde in the tilde-pre\214x consist of a number)108 537.6 R F1(N)3.379
+E F0 3.379(,o)C .879(ptionally pre\214x)-3.379 F .88
(ed by a `+' or a `\255', the tilde-pre\214x is re-)-.15 F .138(placed \
with the corresponding element from the directory stack, as it w)108
-549.6 R .138(ould be displayed by the)-.1 F F2(dirs)2.639 E F0 -.2(bu)
-2.639 G(iltin).2 E(in)108 561.6 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.839(dw).1 G
-.338(ith the tilde-pre\214x as an ar)-2.839 F 2.838(gument. If)-.18 F
+549.6 R .138(ould be displayed by the)-.1 F F2(dirs)2.638 E F0 -.2(bu)
+2.638 G(iltin).2 E(in)108 561.6 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.838(dw).1 G
+.338(ith the tilde-pre\214x as an ar)-2.838 F 2.838(gument. If)-.18 F
.338(the characters follo)2.838 F .338
(wing the tilde in the tilde-pre\214x consist)-.25 F
(of a number without a leading `+' or `\255', `+' is assumed.)108 573.6
Q(If the login name is in)108 590.4 Q -.25(va)-.4 G(lid, or the tilde e)
-.25 E(xpansion f)-.15 E(ails, the w)-.1 E(ord is unchanged.)-.1 E .166
+.25 E(xpansion f)-.15 E(ails, the w)-.1 E(ord is unchanged.)-.1 E .167
(Each v)108 607.2 R .167(ariable assignment is check)-.25 F .167
(ed for unquoted tilde-pre\214x)-.1 F .167(es immediately follo)-.15 F
.167(wing a)-.25 F F2(:)2.667 E F0 .167(or the \214rst)2.667 F F2(=)
-2.667 E F0 5.167(.I)C(n)-5.167 E .468(these cases, tilde e)108 619.2 R
-.468(xpansion is also performed.)-.15 F(Consequently)5.467 E 2.967(,o)
--.65 G .467(ne may use \214lenames with tildes in assign-)-2.967 F
+2.666 E F0 5.166(.I)C(n)-5.166 E .467(these cases, tilde e)108 619.2 R
+.467(xpansion is also performed.)-.15 F(Consequently)5.467 E 2.967(,o)
+-.65 G .468(ne may use \214lenames with tildes in assign-)-2.967 F
(ments to)108 631.2 Q F3 -.666(PA)2.5 G(TH)-.189 E F4(,)A F3(MAILP)2.25
E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F4(,)A F0(and)2.25 E F3(CDP)2.5 E -.855(AT)
-.666 G(H).855 E F4(,)A F0(and the shell assigns the e)2.25 E(xpanded v)
--.15 E(alue.)-.25 E .023(Bash also performs tilde e)108 648 R .023
-(xpansion on w)-.15 F .024(ords satisfying the conditions of v)-.1 F
-.024(ariable assignments \(as described)-.25 F(abo)108 660 Q .77 -.15
-(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F3 -.666(PA)2.97 G(RAMETERS).666 E F4(\))A F0
-.47(when the)2.72 F 2.969(ya)-.15 G .469(ppear as ar)-2.969 F .469
-(guments to simple commands.)-.18 F .469(Bash does not do this,)5.469 F
+-.15 E(alue.)-.25 E .024(Bash also performs tilde e)108 648 R .024
+(xpansion on w)-.15 F .023(ords satisfying the conditions of v)-.1 F
+.023(ariable assignments \(as described)-.25 F(abo)108 660 Q .769 -.15
+(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F3 -.666(PA)2.969 G(RAMETERS).666 E F4(\))A F0
+.469(when the)2.719 F 2.969(ya)-.15 G .469(ppear as ar)-2.969 F .469
+(guments to simple commands.)-.18 F .47(Bash does not do this,)5.469 F
-.15(ex)108 672 S(cept for the).15 E F1(declar)2.5 E(ation)-.15 E F0
(commands listed abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(,w).15 G(hen in)-2.5 E F1
(posix mode)2.5 E F0(.)A F2 -.1(Pa)87 688.8 S(rameter Expansion).1 E F0
-.199(The `)108 700.8 R F2($)A F0 2.699('c)C .199
-(haracter introduces parameter e)-2.699 F .199
-(xpansion, command substitution, or arithmetic e)-.15 F 2.7
-(xpansion. The)-.15 F(pa-)2.7 E .314(rameter name or symbol to be e)108
-712.8 R .314(xpanded may be enclosed in braces, which are optional b)
--.15 F .314(ut serv)-.2 F 2.813(et)-.15 G 2.813(op)-2.813 G(rotect)
--2.813 E .414(the v)108 724.8 R .414(ariable to be e)-.25 F .414
-(xpanded from characters immediately follo)-.15 F .415
+.2(The `)108 700.8 R F2($)A F0 2.7('c)C .199
+(haracter introduces parameter e)-2.7 F .199
+(xpansion, command substitution, or arithmetic e)-.15 F 2.699
+(xpansion. The)-.15 F(pa-)2.699 E .314(rameter name or symbol to be e)
+108 712.8 R .314
+(xpanded may be enclosed in braces, which are optional b)-.15 F .314
+(ut serv)-.2 F 2.814(et)-.15 G 2.814(op)-2.814 G(rotect)-2.814 E .415
+(the v)108 724.8 R .415(ariable to be e)-.25 F .415
+(xpanded from characters immediately follo)-.15 F .414
(wing it which could be interpreted as part of)-.25 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72
-768 Q(2022 May 2)150.675 E(22)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
+768 Q(2022 June 3)150.675 E(22)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 23 23
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(the name.)108 84 Q
-1.19(When braces are used, the matching ending brace is the \214rst `)
-108 100.8 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(})A F0 3.689('n)C 1.189
-(ot escaped by a backslash or within a)-3.689 F .821
-(quoted string, and not within an embedded arithmetic e)108 112.8 R .822
+1.189(When braces are used, the matching ending brace is the \214rst `)
+108 100.8 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(})A F0 3.69('n)C 1.19
+(ot escaped by a backslash or within a)-3.69 F .822
+(quoted string, and not within an embedded arithmetic e)108 112.8 R .821
(xpansion, command substitution, or parameter e)-.15 F(x-)-.15 E
(pansion.)108 124.8 Q(${)108 141.6 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(par)A
(ameter)-.15 E F0(})A .106(The v)144 153.6 R .106(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)
2.606 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .106(is substituted.)2.606 F .106
(The braces are required when)5.106 F F2(par)3.856 E(ameter)-.15 E F0
-.106(is a positional pa-)3.336 F .11
-(rameter with more than one digit, or when)144 165.6 R F2(par)3.86 E
-(ameter)-.15 E F0 .111(is follo)3.341 F .111
+.106(is a positional pa-)3.336 F .111
+(rameter with more than one digit, or when)144 165.6 R F2(par)3.861 E
+(ameter)-.15 E F0 .111(is follo)3.341 F .11
(wed by a character which is not to be)-.25 F .208
(interpreted as part of its name.)144 177.6 R(The)5.208 E F2(par)2.708 E
(ameter)-.15 E F0 .208(is a shell parameter as described abo)2.708 F
-.15(ve)-.15 G F1 -.74(PA)2.858 G(RAME-).74 E(TERS)144 189.6 Q F0 2.5
(\)o)C 2.5(ra)-2.5 G 2.5(na)-2.5 G(rray reference \()-2.5 E F1(Arrays)A
-F0(\).)A .346(If the \214rst character of)108 206.4 R F2(par)2.846 E
+F0(\).)A .347(If the \214rst character of)108 206.4 R F2(par)2.846 E
(ameter)-.15 E F0 .346(is an e)2.846 F .346(xclamation point \()-.15 F
F1(!)A F0 .346(\), and)B F2(par)2.846 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .346(is not a)
-2.846 F F2(namer)2.846 E(ef)-.37 E F0 2.847(,i)C 2.847(ti)-2.847 G
-(ntroduces)-2.847 E 2.907(al)108 218.4 S -2.15 -.25(ev e)-2.907 H 2.907
-(lo).25 G 2.906(fi)-2.907 G(ndirection.)-2.906 E F1(Bash)5.406 E F0 .406
+2.846 F F2(namer)2.846 E(ef)-.37 E F0 2.846(,i)C 2.846(ti)-2.846 G
+(ntroduces)-2.846 E 2.906(al)108 218.4 S -2.15 -.25(ev e)-2.906 H 2.906
+(lo).25 G 2.906(fi)-2.906 G(ndirection.)-2.906 E F1(Bash)5.406 E F0 .406
(uses the v)2.906 F .406(alue formed by e)-.25 F .406
(xpanding the rest of)-.15 F F2(par)2.906 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .406
-(as the ne)2.906 F(w)-.25 E F2(par)2.906 E(ame-)-.15 E(ter)108 230.4 Q
-F0 2.578(;t)C .078(his is then e)-2.578 F .078(xpanded and that v)-.15 F
-.079(alue is used in the rest of the e)-.25 F .079
-(xpansion, rather than the e)-.15 F .079(xpansion of the)-.15 F
-(original)108 242.4 Q F2(par)2.543 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 5.043(.T)C .043
-(his is kno)-5.043 F .043(wn as)-.25 F F2(indir)2.543 E .043(ect e)-.37
-F(xpansion)-.2 E F0 5.043(.T)C .043(he v)-5.043 F .042
-(alue is subject to tilde e)-.25 F .042(xpansion, parameter)-.15 F -.15
-(ex)108 254.4 S .248(pansion, command substitution, and arithmetic e).15
-F 2.748(xpansion. If)-.15 F F2(par)2.749 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .249
-(is a nameref, this e)2.749 F .249(xpands to the)-.15 F 1.51
+(as the ne)2.906 F(w)-.25 E F2(par)2.907 E(ame-)-.15 E(ter)108 230.4 Q
+F0 2.579(;t)C .079(his is then e)-2.579 F .079(xpanded and that v)-.15 F
+.079(alue is used in the rest of the e)-.25 F .078
+(xpansion, rather than the e)-.15 F .078(xpansion of the)-.15 F
+(original)108 242.4 Q F2(par)2.542 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 5.042(.T)C .042
+(his is kno)-5.042 F .042(wn as)-.25 F F2(indir)2.543 E .043(ect e)-.37
+F(xpansion)-.2 E F0 5.043(.T)C .043(he v)-5.043 F .043
+(alue is subject to tilde e)-.25 F .043(xpansion, parameter)-.15 F -.15
+(ex)108 254.4 S .249(pansion, command substitution, and arithmetic e).15
+F 2.749(xpansion. If)-.15 F F2(par)2.749 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .248
+(is a nameref, this e)2.749 F .248(xpands to the)-.15 F 1.51
(name of the parameter referenced by)108 266.4 R F2(par)4.01 E(ameter)
-.15 E F0 1.51(instead of performing the complete indirect e)4.01 F
-(xpansion.)-.15 E .387(The e)108 278.4 R .387
+(xpansion.)-.15 E .388(The e)108 278.4 R .387
(xceptions to this are the e)-.15 F .387(xpansions of ${)-.15 F F1(!)A
F2(pr)A(e\214x)-.37 E F1(*)A F0 2.887(}a)C .387(nd ${)-2.887 F F1(!)A F2
-(name)A F0([)A F2(@)A F0 .387(]} described belo)B 4.188 -.65(w. T)-.25 H
-.388(he e).65 F(xclama-)-.15 E(tion point must immediately follo)108
+(name)A F0([)A F2(@)A F0 .387(]} described belo)B 4.187 -.65(w. T)-.25 H
+.387(he e).65 F(xclama-)-.15 E(tion point must immediately follo)108
290.4 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G(he left brace in order to introduce indirection.)
-2.5 E .334(In each of the cases belo)108 307.2 R -.65(w,)-.25 G F2(wor)
3.484 E(d)-.37 E F0 .334(is subject to tilde e)2.834 F .334
(xpansion, parameter e)-.15 F .334(xpansion, command substitution,)-.15
-F(and arithmetic e)108 319.2 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E .066
+F(and arithmetic e)108 319.2 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E .067
(When not performing substring e)108 336 R .067
(xpansion, using the forms documented belo)-.15 F 2.567(w\()-.25 G
-(e.g.,)-2.567 E F1(:-)2.567 E F0(\),)A F1(bash)2.567 E F0 .067
+(e.g.,)-2.567 E F1(:-)2.567 E F0(\),)A F1(bash)2.567 E F0 .066
(tests for a pa-)2.567 F(rameter that is unset or null.)108 348 Q(Omitt\
ing the colon results in a test only for a parameter that is unset.)5 E
(${)108 364.8 Q F2(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1<3aad>A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})
-A F1 .723(Use Default V)144 376.8 R(alues)-.92 E F0 5.723(.I)C(f)-5.723
-E F2(par)4.473 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .723(is unset or null, the e)3.953 F
-.722(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.562 E(d)-.37 E F0 .722(is substituted.)
-3.992 F(Other)5.722 E(-)-.2 E(wise, the v)144 388.8 Q(alue of)-.25 E F2
+A F1 .722(Use Default V)144 376.8 R(alues)-.92 E F0 5.722(.I)C(f)-5.722
+E F2(par)4.472 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .723(is unset or null, the e)3.952 F
+.723(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.563 E(d)-.37 E F0 .723(is substituted.)
+3.993 F(Other)5.723 E(-)-.2 E(wise, the v)144 388.8 Q(alue of)-.25 E F2
(par)3.75 E(ameter)-.15 E F0(is substituted.)3.23 E(${)108 400.8 Q F2
-(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(:=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A F1 .811
+(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(:=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A F1 .812
(Assign Default V)144 412.8 R(alues)-.92 E F0 5.812(.I)C(f)-5.812 E F2
(par)4.562 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .812(is unset or null, the e)4.042 F .812
(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.652 E(d)-.37 E F0 .812(is assigned to)4.082
-F F2(pa-)4.562 E -.15(ra)144 424.8 S(meter).15 E F0 5.742(.T).73 G .742
-(he v)-5.742 F .742(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)4.492 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .742
-(is then substituted.)3.972 F .741
+F F2(pa-)4.561 E -.15(ra)144 424.8 S(meter).15 E F0 5.741(.T).73 G .741
+(he v)-5.741 F .741(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)4.491 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .742
+(is then substituted.)3.972 F .742
(Positional parameters and special parame-)5.742 F
(ters may not be assigned to in this w)144 436.8 Q(ay)-.1 E(.)-.65 E(${)
108 448.8 Q F2(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(:?)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A F1
.535(Display Err)144 460.8 R .535(or if Null or Unset)-.18 F F0 5.535
(.I)C(f)-5.535 E F2(par)4.285 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .535
(is null or unset, the e)3.765 F .535(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.035 E
-(d)-.37 E F0 .535(\(or a mes-)3.035 F .013(sage to that ef)144 472.8 R
-.013(fect if)-.25 F F2(wor)2.853 E(d)-.37 E F0 .013(is not present\) is\
- written to the standard error and the shell, if it is not in-)3.283 F
+(d)-.37 E F0 .535(\(or a mes-)3.035 F .012(sage to that ef)144 472.8 R
+.012(fect if)-.25 F F2(wor)2.852 E(d)-.37 E F0 .013(is not present\) is\
+ written to the standard error and the shell, if it is not in-)3.282 F
(teracti)144 484.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(,e).15 G 2.5(xits. Otherwise,)
-2.65 F(the v)2.5 E(alue of)-.25 E F2(par)2.5 E(ameter)-.15 E F0
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144 556.8 R F0 5.002(.E)C .002(xpands to up to)-5.002 F F2(length)2.502
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4.522 -.65(w. I)-.25 H(f).65 E F2(length)3.222 E F0 .722(is omitted, e)
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(luates to a number less than zero, the v).25 F .529
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-(of)144 664.8 Q .202(fset in characters from the end of the v)-.25 F
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F(separated from the colon by at least one space to a)144 688.8 Q -.2
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(da).15 G .514(rray name subscripted by @ or *, the result is the)-3.014
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-(en relati)-.1 F 1.382 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 3.582(oo).15 G 1.082(ne greater)
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(number less than zero.)144 156 Q(Substring e)144 180 Q
(xpansion applied to an associati)-.15 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H
-(rray produces unde\214ned results.).15 E .82(Substring inde)144 204 R
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.821(xing is zero-based unless the positional parameters are used, in w\
hich case the in-)-.15 F(de)144 216 Q .159(xing starts at 1 by def)-.15
F 2.659(ault. If)-.1 F F1(of)2.659 E(fset)-.18 E F0 .159
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F(the list.)144 228 Q(${)108 244.8 Q F2(!)A F1(pr)A(e\214x)-.37 E F2(*)A
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-(xpands to the names of v)-5.084 F .084(ariables whose names be)-.25 F
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(ariable name e)-.25 E(xpands to a separate w)-.15 E(ord.)-.1 E(${)108
309.6 Q F2(!)A F1(name)A F0([)A F1(@)A F0(]})A(${)108 321.6 Q F2(!)A F1
-(name)A F0([)A F1(*)A F0(]})A F2 1.136(List of array k)144 333.6 R(eys)
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-(xpands to the list of array indices \(k)-.15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 1.137
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(s\) as-).15 F .397(signed in)144 345.6 R F1(name)2.897 E F0 5.397(.I)C
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(is used and the e)144 357.6 Q
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H(pands to a separate w).15 E(ord.)-.1 E(${)108 374.4 Q F2(#)A F1(par)A
-(ameter)-.15 E F0(})A F2 -.1(Pa)144 386.4 S .47(rameter length).1 F F0
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144 446.4 Q 2.5(,a)-.65 G(nd an inde)-2.5 E 2.5(xo)-.15 G 2.5<66ad>-2.5
G 2.5(1r)-2.5 G(eferences the last element.)-2.5 E(${)108 463.2 Q F1
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F0(belo)3.132 E 4.432 -.65(w. I)-.25 H 3.132(ft).65 G .632
-(he pattern matches the be)-3.132 F .632(ginning of the v)-.15 F .632
-(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)4.382 E(ameter)-.15 E F0(,).73 E 1.151
+(he pattern matches the be)-3.132 F .632(ginning of the v)-.15 F .633
+(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)4.383 E(ameter)-.15 E F0(,).73 E 1.152
(then the result of the e)144 523.2 R 1.151(xpansion is the e)-.15 F
-1.151(xpanded v)-.15 F 1.151(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)4.902 E(ameter)-.15 E
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-535.2 R(`)-.74 E F2(#)A F0 1.664 -.74('' c)D .184
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(ase\) or the longest matching pattern \(the `).74 F(`)-.74 E F2(##)A F0
-1.664 -.74('' c)D .184(ase\) deleted.).74 F(If)5.183 E F1(par)3.933 E
-(ameter)-.15 E F0(is)3.413 E F2(@)2.683 E F0(or)144 547.2 Q F2(*)3.018 E
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+(ameter)-.15 E F0(is)3.414 E F2(@)2.684 E F0(or)144 547.2 Q F2(*)3.019 E
+F0 3.019(,t)C .518(he pattern remo)-3.019 F -.25(va)-.15 G 3.018(lo).25
G .518
(peration is applied to each positional parameter in turn, and the e)
--3.018 F(xpan-)-.15 E .304(sion is the resultant list.)144 559.2 R(If)
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-(ariable subscripted with)-.25 F F2(@)2.803 E F0(or)2.803 E F2(*)2.803 E
-F0 2.803(,t)C .303(he pattern re-)-2.803 F(mo)144 571.2 Q -.25(va)-.15 G
-2.987(lo).25 G .487
+-3.018 F(xpan-)-.15 E .303(sion is the resultant list.)144 559.2 R(If)
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+(ariable subscripted with)-.25 F F2(@)2.804 E F0(or)2.804 E F2(*)2.804 E
+F0 2.804(,t)C .304(he pattern re-)-2.804 F(mo)144 571.2 Q -.25(va)-.15 G
+2.988(lo).25 G .487
(peration is applied to each member of the array in turn, and the e)
--2.987 F .487(xpansion is the resultant)-.15 F(list.)144 583.2 Q(${)108
+-2.988 F .487(xpansion is the resultant)-.15 F(list.)144 583.2 Q(${)108
600 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(%)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A(${)108 612
Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(%%)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A F2(Remo)144
-624 Q .347 -.1(ve m)-.1 H .147(atching suf\214x patter).1 F(n)-.15 E F0
-5.147(.T)C(he)-5.147 E F1(wor)2.647 E(d)-.37 E F0 .147(is e)2.647 F .146
+624 Q .346 -.1(ve m)-.1 H .146(atching suf\214x patter).1 F(n)-.15 E F0
+5.146(.T)C(he)-5.146 E F1(wor)2.646 E(d)-.37 E F0 .147(is e)2.647 F .147
(xpanded to produce a pattern just as in pathname)-.15 F -.15(ex)144 636
-S .458(pansion, and matched ag).15 F .458(ainst the e)-.05 F .458
-(xpanded v)-.15 F .458(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)4.209 E(ameter)-.15 E F0
-.459(using the rules described under)3.689 F F2 -.1(Pa)144 648 S(tter).1
+S .459(pansion, and matched ag).15 F .459(ainst the e)-.05 F .459
+(xpanded v)-.15 F .458(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)4.208 E(ameter)-.15 E F0
+.458(using the rules described under)3.688 F F2 -.1(Pa)144 648 S(tter).1
E 3.314(nM)-.15 G(atching)-3.314 E F0(belo)3.314 E 4.614 -.65(w. I)-.25
H 3.314(ft).65 G .814(he pattern matches a trailing portion of the e)
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-(L)144 132 Q F0 .124(The e)180 132 R .124
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+(ve)-.4 G(rted).15 E(to uppercase, if it is alphabetic.)180 120 Q F1(L)
+144 132 Q F0 .125(The e)180 132 R .124
(xpansion is a string that is the v)-.15 F .124(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)
-2.624 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .125(with uppercase alphabetic charac-)2.625 F
+2.624 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .124(with uppercase alphabetic charac-)2.624 F
(ters con)180 144 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G(rted to lo).15 E(wercase.)-.25 E F1(Q)
-144 156 Q F0 1.065(The e)180 156 R 1.065
+144 156 Q F0 1.064(The e)180 156 R 1.064
(xpansion is a string that is the v)-.15 F 1.065(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)
-3.565 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 1.064(quoted in a format that can be)3.565 F
-(reused as input.)180 168 Q F1(E)144 180 Q F0 .44(The e)180 180 R .441
+3.565 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 1.065(quoted in a format that can be)3.565 F
+(reused as input.)180 168 Q F1(E)144 180 Q F0 .441(The e)180 180 R .441
(xpansion is a string that is the v)-.15 F .441(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)
-2.941 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .441(with backslash escape sequences)2.941 F
--.15(ex)180 192 S(panded as with the).15 E F1($'...)2.5 E(')-.55 E F0
-(quoting mechanism.)2.5 E F1(P)144 204 Q F0 1.073(The e)180 204 R 1.073
+2.941 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .44(with backslash escape sequences)2.94 F -.15
+(ex)180 192 S(panded as with the).15 E F1($'...)2.5 E(')-.55 E F0
+(quoting mechanism.)2.5 E F1(P)144 204 Q F0 1.072(The e)180 204 R 1.073
(xpansion is a string that is the result of e)-.15 F 1.073
(xpanding the v)-.15 F 1.073(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)3.573 E(ameter)-.15 E
F0 1.073(as if it)3.573 F(were a prompt string \(see)180 216 Q F1(PR)2.5
-E(OMPTING)-.3 E F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(A)144 228 Q F0 1.137(The e)
+E(OMPTING)-.3 E F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(A)144 228 Q F0 1.138(The e)
180 228 R 1.138
(xpansion is a string in the form of an assignment statement or)-.15 F
-F1(declar)3.638 E(e)-.18 E F0(command)3.638 E(that, if e)180 240 Q -.25
+F1(declar)3.637 E(e)-.18 E F0(command)3.637 E(that, if e)180 240 Q -.25
(va)-.25 G(luated, will recreate).25 E F2(par)2.5 E(ameter)-.15 E F0
(with its attrib)2.5 E(utes and v)-.2 E(alue.)-.25 E F1(K)144 252 Q F0
-1.34(Produces a possibly-quoted v)180 252 R 1.339(ersion of the v)-.15 F
-1.339(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)3.839 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 3.839(,e)C 1.339
-(xcept that it prints the)-3.989 F -.25(va)180 264 S .257(lues of inde)
+1.339(Produces a possibly-quoted v)180 252 R 1.339(ersion of the v)-.15
+F 1.339(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)3.839 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 3.839(,e)C 1.34
+(xcept that it prints the)-3.989 F -.25(va)180 264 S .258(lues of inde)
.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.757(da).15 G .257(nd associati)-2.757 F .557 -.15
(ve a)-.25 H .257(rrays as a sequence of quoted k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G
-(-v).15 E .257(alue pairs \(see)-.25 F F1(Ar)2.758 E(-)-.37 E(rays)180
+(-v).15 E .257(alue pairs \(see)-.25 F F1(Ar)2.757 E(-)-.37 E(rays)180
276 Q F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1(a)144 288 Q F0(The e)180
288 Q(xpansion is a string consisting of \215ag v)-.15 E
(alues representing)-.25 E F2(par)2.5 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 1.1 -.55('s a)D
-(ttrib).55 E(utes.)-.2 E F1(k)144 300 Q F0(Lik)180 300 Q 2.658(et)-.1 G
-.157(he K transformation, b)-2.658 F .157(ut e)-.2 F .157(xpands the k)
+(ttrib).55 E(utes.)-.2 E F1(k)144 300 Q F0(Lik)180 300 Q 2.657(et)-.1 G
+.157(he K transformation, b)-2.657 F .157(ut e)-.2 F .157(xpands the k)
-.15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.657(sa).15 G .157(nd v)-2.657 F .157
-(alues of inde)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.657(da).15 G .157(nd associati)
--2.657 F .457 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.2(r-).15 G(rays to separate w)180 312 Q
-(ords after w)-.1 E(ord splitting.)-.1 E(If)144 328.8 Q F2(par)4.402 E
-(ameter)-.15 E F0(is)3.882 E F1(@)3.152 E F0(or)3.152 E F1(*)3.153 E F0
+(alues of inde)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.657(da).15 G .158(nd associati)
+-2.657 F .458 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.2(r-).15 G(rays to separate w)180 312 Q
+(ords after w)-.1 E(ord splitting.)-.1 E(If)144 328.8 Q F2(par)4.403 E
+(ameter)-.15 E F0(is)3.883 E F1(@)3.153 E F0(or)3.153 E F1(*)3.153 E F0
3.153(,t)C .653(he operation is applied to each positional parameter in\
turn, and the e)-3.153 F(x-)-.15 E .403(pansion is the resultant list.)
144 340.8 R(If)5.403 E F2(par)4.153 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .403
(is an array v)3.633 F .403(ariable subscripted with)-.25 F F1(@)2.903 E
-F0(or)2.903 E F1(*)2.903 E F0 2.903(,t)C .402(he opera-)-2.903 F
+F0(or)2.903 E F1(*)2.903 E F0 2.903(,t)C .403(he opera-)-2.903 F
(tion is applied to each member of the array in turn, and the e)144
352.8 Q(xpansion is the resultant list.)-.15 E .708(The result of the e)
144 376.8 R .708(xpansion is subject to w)-.15 F .708
(ord splitting and pathname e)-.1 F .708(xpansion as described be-)-.15
F(lo)144 388.8 Q -.65(w.)-.25 G F1(Command Substitution)87 405.6 Q F2
-1.698(Command substitution)108 417.6 R F0(allo)4.198 E 1.697
-(ws the output of a command to replace the command name.)-.25 F 1.697
-(There are tw)6.697 F(o)-.1 E(forms:)108 429.6 Q F1($\()144 446.4 Q F2
+1.697(Command substitution)108 417.6 R F0(allo)4.197 E 1.697
+(ws the output of a command to replace the command name.)-.25 F 1.698
+(There are tw)6.698 F(o)-.1 E(forms:)108 429.6 Q F1($\()144 446.4 Q F2
(command)A F1(\))1.666 E F0(or)108 458.4 Q F1<92>144 470.4 Q F2(command)
-A F1<92>A(Bash)108 487.2 Q F0 .088(performs the e)2.588 F .088
-(xpansion by e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F2(command)2.588 E F0
-.089(in a subshell en)2.589 F .089(vironment and replacing the command)
+A F1<92>A(Bash)108 487.2 Q F0 .089(performs the e)2.589 F .089
+(xpansion by e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F2(command)2.589 E F0
+.088(in a subshell en)2.589 F .088(vironment and replacing the command)
-.4 F .41(substitution with the standard output of the command, with an)
108 499.2 R 2.91(yt)-.15 G .41(railing ne)-2.91 F .41(wlines deleted.)
--.25 F .41(Embedded ne)5.41 F(w-)-.25 E .191(lines are not deleted, b)
+-.25 F .41(Embedded ne)5.41 F(w-)-.25 E .192(lines are not deleted, b)
108 511.2 R .192(ut the)-.2 F 2.692(ym)-.15 G .192(ay be remo)-2.692 F
-.15(ve)-.15 G 2.692(dd).15 G .192(uring w)-2.692 F .192(ord splitting.)
--.1 F .192(The command substitution)5.192 F F1($\(cat)2.692 E F2(\214le)
-2.692 E F1(\))A F0(can be replaced by the equi)108 523.2 Q -.25(va)-.25
+-.1 F .192(The command substitution)5.192 F F1($\(cat)2.691 E F2(\214le)
+2.691 E F1(\))A F0(can be replaced by the equi)108 523.2 Q -.25(va)-.25
G(lent b).25 E(ut f)-.2 E(aster)-.1 E F1($\(<)2.5 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F1
(\))A F0(.)A 1.724(When the old-style backquote form of substitution is\
used, backslash retains its literal meaning e)108 540 R(xcept)-.15 E
-.314(when follo)108 552 R .314(wed by)-.25 F F1($)2.814 E F0(,)A F1<92>
-2.814 E F0 2.814(,o)C(r)-2.814 E F1(\\)2.814 E F0 5.314(.T)C .315(he \
+.315(when follo)108 552 R .315(wed by)-.25 F F1($)2.815 E F0(,)A F1<92>
+2.815 E F0 2.815(,o)C(r)-2.815 E F1(\\)2.815 E F0 5.315(.T)C .314(he \
\214rst backquote not preceded by a backslash terminates the command su\
-b-)-5.314 F 3.887(stitution. When)108 564 R 1.387(using the $\()3.887 F
-F2(command).833 E F0 3.887(\)f)1.666 G 1.386
-(orm, all characters between the parentheses mak)-3.887 F 3.886(eu)-.1 G
-3.886(pt)-3.886 G 1.386(he com-)-3.886 F
+b-)-5.315 F 3.886(stitution. When)108 564 R 1.386(using the $\()3.886 F
+F2(command).833 E F0 3.886(\)f)1.666 G 1.387
+(orm, all characters between the parentheses mak)-3.886 F 3.887(eu)-.1 G
+3.887(pt)-3.887 G 1.387(he com-)-3.887 F
(mand; none are treated specially)108 576 Q(.)-.65 E .894
(Command substitutions may be nested.)108 592.8 R 2.494 -.8(To n)5.894 H
.894(est when using the backquoted form, escape the inner back-).8 F
(quotes with backslashes.)108 604.8 Q .422
(If the substitution appears within double quotes, w)108 621.6 R .422
-(ord splitting and pathname e)-.1 F .422(xpansion are not performed)-.15
+(ord splitting and pathname e)-.1 F .423(xpansion are not performed)-.15
F(on the results.)108 633.6 Q F1(Arithmetic Expansion)87 650.4 Q F0
-1.034(Arithmetic e)108 662.4 R 1.034(xpansion allo)-.15 F 1.034
+1.035(Arithmetic e)108 662.4 R 1.035(xpansion allo)-.15 F 1.035
(ws the e)-.25 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.034(luation of an arithmetic e).25 F
-1.035(xpression and the substitution of the result.)-.15 F
+1.034(xpression and the substitution of the result.)-.15 F
(The format for arithmetic e)108 674.4 Q(xpansion is:)-.15 E F1($\(\()
144 691.2 Q F2 -.2(ex)C(pr).2 E(ession)-.37 E F1(\)\))A F0(The)108 708 Q
-F2 -.2(ex)2.736 G(pr).2 E(ession)-.37 E F0(under)2.976 E .236
+F2 -.2(ex)2.735 G(pr).2 E(ession)-.37 E F0(under)2.975 E .235
(goes the same e)-.18 F .236
-(xpansions as if it were within double quotes, b)-.15 F .235
-(ut double quote charac-)-.2 F 2.799(ters in)108 720 R F2 -.2(ex)5.299 G
-(pr).2 E(ession)-.37 E F0 2.799(are not treated specially and are remo)
-5.299 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.299(d. All).15 F(tok)5.3 E 2.8(ens in the e)-.1
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-150.675 E(26)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
+(xpansions as if it were within double quotes, b)-.15 F .236
+(ut double quote charac-)-.2 F 2.8(ters in)108 720 R F2 -.2(ex)5.3 G(pr)
+.2 E(ession)-.37 E F0 2.799(are not treated specially and are remo)5.3 F
+-.15(ve)-.15 G 5.299(d. All).15 F(tok)5.299 E 2.799(ens in the e)-.1 F
+2.799(xpression under)-.15 F(go)-.18 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q
+(2022 June 3)150.675 E(26)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
-(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .92
-(parameter and v)108 84 R .92(ariable e)-.25 F .919
+(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .919
+(parameter and v)108 84 R .919(ariable e)-.25 F .919
(xpansion, command substitution, and quote remo)-.15 F -.25(va)-.15 G
-3.419(l. The).25 F .919(result is treated as the)3.419 F(arithmetic e)
-108 96 Q(xpression to be e)-.15 E -.25(va)-.25 G 2.5(luated. Arithmetic)
-.25 F -.15(ex)2.5 G(pansions may be nested.).15 E 1.378(The e)108 112.8
-R -.25(va)-.25 G 1.378
+3.419(l. The).25 F .92(result is treated as the)3.419 F(arithmetic e)108
+96 Q(xpression to be e)-.15 E -.25(va)-.25 G 2.5(luated. Arithmetic).25
+F -.15(ex)2.5 G(pansions may be nested.).15 E 1.379(The e)108 112.8 R
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(luation is performed according to the rules listed belo).25 F 3.878(wu)
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-(If)5.879 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)108 124.8 S(pr).2 E(ession)
+(If)5.878 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)108 124.8 S(pr).2 E(ession)
-.37 E F0(is in)2.74 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid,).25 E/F4 10/Times-Bold@0 SF
(bash)2.5 E F0(prints a message indicating f)2.5 E
(ailure and no substitution occurs.)-.1 E F4(Pr)87 141.6 Q
(ocess Substitution)-.18 E F3(Pr)108 153.6 Q .405(ocess substitution)
-.45 F F0(allo)2.905 E .405(ws a process')-.25 F 2.905(si)-.55 G .405
(nput or output to be referred to using a \214lename.)-2.905 F .405
-(It tak)5.405 F .405(es the form)-.1 F(of)108 165.6 Q F4(<\()3.25 E F3
-(list)A F4(\)).833 E F0(or)3.25 E F4(>\()3.25 E F3(list)A F4(\)).833 E
-F0 5.75(.T)C .751(he process)-5.75 F F3(list)3.251 E F0 .751
+(It tak)5.405 F .405(es the form)-.1 F(of)108 165.6 Q F4(<\()3.251 E F3
+(list)A F4(\)).833 E F0(or)3.251 E F4(>\()3.251 E F3(list)A F4(\)).833 E
+F0 5.751(.T)C .751(he process)-5.751 F F3(list)3.251 E F0 .751
(is run asynchronously)3.251 F 3.251(,a)-.65 G .751
-(nd its input or output appears as a \214lename.)-3.251 F .148
+(nd its input or output appears as a \214lename.)-3.251 F .147
(This \214lename is passed as an ar)108 177.6 R .148
-(gument to the current command as the result of the e)-.18 F 2.647
-(xpansion. If)-.15 F(the)2.647 E F4(>\()2.647 E F3(list)A F4(\)).833 E
-F0 .559(form is used, writing to the \214le will pro)108 189.6 R .559
+(gument to the current command as the result of the e)-.18 F 2.648
+(xpansion. If)-.15 F(the)2.648 E F4(>\()2.648 E F3(list)A F4(\)).833 E
+F0 .56(form is used, writing to the \214le will pro)108 189.6 R .56
(vide input for)-.15 F F3(list)3.059 E F0 5.559(.I)C 3.059(ft)-5.559 G
-(he)-3.059 E F4(<\()3.06 E F3(list)A F4(\)).833 E F0 .56
-(form is used, the \214le passed as an)3.06 F(ar)108 201.6 Q .309
+(he)-3.059 E F4(<\()3.059 E F3(list)A F4(\)).833 E F0 .559
+(form is used, the \214le passed as an)3.059 F(ar)108 201.6 Q .308
(gument should be read to obtain the output of)-.18 F F3(list)2.808 E F0
-5.308(.P)C .308(rocess substitution is supported on systems that sup-)
+5.308(.P)C .309(rocess substitution is supported on systems that sup-)
-5.308 F(port named pipes \()108 213.6 Q F3(FIFOs)A F0 2.5(\)o)C 2.5(rt)
-2.5 G(he)-2.5 E F4(/de)2.5 E(v/fd)-.15 E F0
-(method of naming open \214les.)2.5 E .896(When a)108 230.4 R -.25(va)
+(method of naming open \214les.)2.5 E .897(When a)108 230.4 R -.25(va)
-.2 G .896(ilable, process substitution is performed simultaneously wit\
-h parameter and v).25 F .897(ariable e)-.25 F(xpansion,)-.15 E
+h parameter and v).25 F .896(ariable e)-.25 F(xpansion,)-.15 E
(command substitution, and arithmetic e)108 242.4 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F4
--.75(Wo)87 259.2 S(rd Splitting).75 E F0 1.143
-(The shell scans the results of parameter e)108 271.2 R 1.142
-(xpansion, command substitution, and arithmetic e)-.15 F 1.142
+-.75(Wo)87 259.2 S(rd Splitting).75 E F0 1.142
+(The shell scans the results of parameter e)108 271.2 R 1.143
+(xpansion, command substitution, and arithmetic e)-.15 F 1.143
(xpansion that)-.15 F(did not occur within double quotes for)108 283.2 Q
F3(wor)2.84 E 2.5(ds)-.37 G(plitting)-2.5 E F0(.).22 E .063
(The shell treats each character of)108 300 R F1(IFS)2.563 E F0 .063
(nd splits the results of the other e)-2.563 F .063(xpansions into w)
-.15 F(ords)-.1 E .207(using these characters as \214eld terminators.)
108 312 R(If)5.207 E F1(IFS)2.707 E F0 .207(is unset, or its v)2.457 F
-.207(alue is e)-.25 F(xactly)-.15 E F4(<space><tab><newline>)2.707 E F0
-(,)A .836(the def)108 324 R .836(ault, then sequences of)-.1 F F4
-(<space>)3.336 E F0(,)A F4(<tab>)3.336 E F0 3.336(,a)C(nd)-3.336 E F4
-(<newline>)3.336 E F0 .837(at the be)3.336 F .837
-(ginning and end of the results of)-.15 F .346(the pre)108 336 R .345
+.207(alue is e)-.25 F(xactly)-.15 E F4(<space><tab><newline>)2.708 E F0
+(,)A .837(the def)108 324 R .837(ault, then sequences of)-.1 F F4
+(<space>)3.337 E F0(,)A F4(<tab>)3.337 E F0 3.337(,a)C(nd)-3.337 E F4
+(<newline>)3.337 E F0 .836(at the be)3.336 F .836
+(ginning and end of the results of)-.15 F .345(the pre)108 336 R .345
(vious e)-.25 F .345(xpansions are ignored, and an)-.15 F 2.845(ys)-.15
G .345(equence of)-2.845 F F1(IFS)2.845 E F0 .345
(characters not at the be)2.595 F .345(ginning or end serv)-.15 F(es)
--.15 E 1.236(to delimit w)108 348 R 3.736(ords. If)-.1 F F1(IFS)3.736 E
-F0 1.236(has a v)3.486 F 1.236(alue other than the def)-.25 F 1.237
+-.15 E 1.237(to delimit w)108 348 R 3.737(ords. If)-.1 F F1(IFS)3.737 E
+F0 1.236(has a v)3.486 F 1.236(alue other than the def)-.25 F 1.236
(ault, then sequences of the whitespace characters)-.1 F F4(space)108
-360 Q F0(,)A F4(tab)2.507 E F0 2.507(,a)C(nd)-2.507 E F4(newline)2.507 E
-F0 .007(are ignored at the be)2.507 F .006(ginning and end of the w)-.15
-F .006(ord, as long as the whitespace charac-)-.1 F .92(ter is in the v)
-108 372 R .92(alue of)-.25 F F1(IFS)3.42 E F0(\(an)3.17 E F1(IFS)3.42 E
-F0 .92(whitespace character\).)3.17 F(An)5.92 E 3.42(yc)-.15 G .92
-(haracter in)-3.42 F F1(IFS)3.42 E F0 .921(that is not)3.17 F F1(IFS)
-3.421 E F0(whitespace,)3.171 E .429(along with an)108 384 R 2.928(ya)
--.15 G(djacent)-2.928 E F1(IFS)2.928 E F0 .428
+360 Q F0(,)A F4(tab)2.506 E F0 2.506(,a)C(nd)-2.506 E F4(newline)2.506 E
+F0 .006(are ignored at the be)2.506 F .006(ginning and end of the w)-.15
+F .007(ord, as long as the whitespace charac-)-.1 F .921
+(ter is in the v)108 372 R .92(alue of)-.25 F F1(IFS)3.42 E F0(\(an)3.17
+E F1(IFS)3.42 E F0 .92(whitespace character\).)3.17 F(An)5.92 E 3.42(yc)
+-.15 G .92(haracter in)-3.42 F F1(IFS)3.42 E F0 .92(that is not)3.17 F
+F1(IFS)3.42 E F0(whitespace,)3.17 E .428(along with an)108 384 R 2.928
+(ya)-.15 G(djacent)-2.928 E F1(IFS)2.928 E F0 .428
(whitespace characters, delimits a \214eld.)2.678 F 2.928(As)5.428 G
-.428(equence of)-2.928 F F1(IFS)2.928 E F0 .428(whitespace charac-)2.678
+.428(equence of)-2.928 F F1(IFS)2.928 E F0 .429(whitespace charac-)2.679
F(ters is also treated as a delimiter)108 396 Q 5(.I)-.55 G 2.5(ft)-5 G
(he v)-2.5 E(alue of)-.25 E F1(IFS)2.5 E F0(is null, no w)2.25 E
-(ord splitting occurs.)-.1 E .782(Explicit null ar)108 412.8 R .782
+(ord splitting occurs.)-.1 E .783(Explicit null ar)108 412.8 R .783
(guments \()-.18 F F4 .833("").833 G F0(or)2.449 E F4 .833<0808>4.115 G
F0 3.282(\)a)C .782
-(re retained and passed to commands as empty strings.)-3.282 F .783
-(Unquoted im-)5.783 F .179(plicit null ar)108 424.8 R .179
+(re retained and passed to commands as empty strings.)-3.282 F .782
+(Unquoted im-)5.782 F .178(plicit null ar)108 424.8 R .179
(guments, resulting from the e)-.18 F .179
(xpansion of parameters that ha)-.15 F .479 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.679(ov).15
-G .179(alues, are remo)-2.929 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.678(d. If).15 F 2.678
-(ap)2.678 G(a-)-2.678 E .318(rameter with no v)108 436.8 R .319
+G .179(alues, are remo)-2.929 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.679(d. If).15 F 2.679
+(ap)2.679 G(a-)-2.679 E .319(rameter with no v)108 436.8 R .319
(alue is e)-.25 F .319(xpanded within double quotes, a null ar)-.15 F
-.319(gument results and is retained and passed)-.18 F .001
-(to a command as an empty string.)108 448.8 R .001
-(When a quoted null ar)5.001 F(gument appears as part of a w)-.18 E
-(ord whose e)-.1 E(xpansion)-.15 E .983(is non-null, the null ar)108
-460.8 R .983(gument is remo)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.483(d. That).15 F
-.983(is, the w)3.483 F(ord)-.1 E/F5 10/Courier@0 SF -5.167<ad64082008>
-3.483 F F0(becomes)3.484 E F5<ad64>3.484 E F0 .984(after w)3.484 F .984
+.319(gument results and is retained and passed)-.18 F
+(to a command as an empty string.)108 448.8 Q(When a quoted null ar)5 E
+.001(gument appears as part of a w)-.18 F .001(ord whose e)-.1 F
+(xpansion)-.15 E .984(is non-null, the null ar)108 460.8 R .984
+(gument is remo)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.483(d. That).15 F .983
+(is, the w)3.483 F(ord)-.1 E/F5 10/Courier@0 SF -5.167<ad64082008>3.483
+F F0(becomes)3.483 E F5<ad64>3.483 E F0 .983(after w)3.483 F .983
(ord splitting and)-.1 F(null ar)108 472.8 Q(gument remo)-.18 E -.25(va)
-.15 G(l.).25 E(Note that if no e)108 489.6 Q
(xpansion occurs, no splitting is performed.)-.15 E F4 -.1(Pa)87 506.4 S
-(thname Expansion).1 E F0 .371(After w)108 518.4 R .371
-(ord splitting, unless the)-.1 F F4<ad66>2.871 E F0 .371
-(option has been set,)2.871 F F4(bash)2.871 E F0 .37(scans each w)2.87 F
-.37(ord for the characters)-.1 F F4(*)2.87 E F0(,)A F4(?)2.87 E F0 2.87
-(,a)C(nd)-2.87 E F4([)2.87 E F0(.)A .633
+(thname Expansion).1 E F0 .37(After w)108 518.4 R .37
+(ord splitting, unless the)-.1 F F4<ad66>2.87 E F0 .37
+(option has been set,)2.87 F F4(bash)2.87 E F0 .371(scans each w)2.871 F
+.371(ord for the characters)-.1 F F4(*)2.871 E F0(,)A F4(?)2.871 E F0
+2.871(,a)C(nd)-2.871 E F4([)2.871 E F0(.)A .634
(If one of these characters appears, and is not quoted, then the w)108
-530.4 R .634(ord is re)-.1 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .634(rded as a).05 F F3
-(pattern)4.384 E F0 3.134(,a).24 G .634(nd replaced)-3.134 F 1.34(with \
+530.4 R .634(ord is re)-.1 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .633(rded as a).05 F F3
+(pattern)4.383 E F0 3.133(,a).24 G .633(nd replaced)-3.133 F 1.34(with \
an alphabetically sorted list of \214lenames matching the pattern \(see)
108 542.4 R F1 -.09(Pa)3.84 G(tter).09 E 3.59(nM)-.135 G(atching)-3.59 E
-F0(belo)3.589 E 3.839(w\). If)-.25 F(no)3.839 E .534
+F0(belo)3.59 E 3.84(w\). If)-.25 F(no)3.84 E .534
(matching \214lenames are found, and the shell option)108 554.4 R F4
(nullglob)3.034 E F0 .534(is not enabled, the w)3.034 F .534
-(ord is left unchanged.)-.1 F(If)5.535 E(the)108 566.4 Q F4(nullglob)
-3.285 E F0 .785(option is set, and no matches are found, the w)3.285 F
-.785(ord is remo)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.285(d. If).15 F(the)3.284 E F4
-(failglob)3.284 E F0 .784(shell option is)3.284 F .754(set, and no matc\
+(ord is left unchanged.)-.1 F(If)5.534 E(the)108 566.4 Q F4(nullglob)
+3.284 E F0 .785(option is set, and no matches are found, the w)3.284 F
+.785(ord is remo)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.285(d. If).15 F(the)3.285 E F4
+(failglob)3.285 E F0 .785(shell option is)3.285 F .754(set, and no matc\
hes are found, an error message is printed and the command is not e)108
-578.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.255(cuted. If).15 F .755(the shell)3.255 F
-(option)108 590.4 Q F4(nocaseglob)3.264 E F0 .763
-(is enabled, the match is performed without re)3.264 F -.05(ga)-.15 G
-.763(rd to the case of alphabetic characters.).05 F .039
+578.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.254(cuted. If).15 F .754(the shell)3.254 F
+(option)108 590.4 Q F4(nocaseglob)3.263 E F0 .763
+(is enabled, the match is performed without re)3.263 F -.05(ga)-.15 G
+.764(rd to the case of alphabetic characters.).05 F .039
(When a pattern is used for pathname e)108 602.4 R .039
(xpansion, the character)-.15 F F4 -.63(``)2.539 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08
E F0 .039(at the start of a name or immediately fol-)5.039 F(lo)108
-614.4 Q .191(wing a slash must be matched e)-.25 F(xplicitly)-.15 E
-2.691(,u)-.65 G .191(nless the shell option)-2.691 F F4(dotglob)2.69 E
-F0 .19(is set.)2.69 F .19(In order to match the \214le-)5.19 F(names)108
-626.4 Q F4 -.63(``)3.644 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0(and)6.144 E F4 -.63
-(``)3.644 G(..).63 E -.63('')-.55 G F0 3.644(,t).63 G 1.145
-(he pattern must be)-3.644 F 1.145(gin with `)-.15 F(`.)-.74 E 2.625
+614.4 Q .19(wing a slash must be matched e)-.25 F(xplicitly)-.15 E 2.69
+(,u)-.65 G .19(nless the shell option)-2.69 F F4(dotglob)2.691 E F0 .191
+(is set.)2.691 F .191(In order to match the \214le-)5.191 F(names)108
+626.4 Q F4 -.63(``)3.645 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0(and)6.145 E F4 -.63
+(``)3.645 G(..).63 E -.63('')-.55 G F0 3.645(,t).63 G 1.145
+(he pattern must be)-3.645 F 1.145(gin with `)-.15 F(`.)-.74 E 2.625
-.74('' \()-.7 H 1.145(for e).74 F 1.145(xample, `)-.15 F(`.?')-.74 E
1.145('\), e)-.74 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.645(ni).15 G(f)-3.645 E F4(dotglob)
-3.645 E F0 1.145(is set.)3.645 F 1.145(If the)6.145 F F4(globskipdots)
-108 638.4 Q F0 .154(shell option is enabled, the \214lenames)2.654 F F4
--.63(``)2.654 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0(and)5.154 E F4 -.63(``)2.654 G
-(..).63 E -.63('')-.55 G F0 .153(are ne)5.783 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.653(rm)
-.15 G .153(atched, e)-2.653 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.653(ni).15 G 2.653(ft)
--2.653 G .153(he pattern be-)-2.653 F .12(gins with a)108 650.4 R F4
+3.644 E F0 1.144(is set.)3.644 F 1.144(If the)6.144 F F4(globskipdots)
+108 638.4 Q F0 .153(shell option is enabled, the \214lenames)2.653 F F4
+-.63(``)2.653 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0(and)5.153 E F4 -.63(``)2.654 G
+(..).63 E -.63('')-.55 G F0 .154(are ne)5.784 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.654(rm)
+.15 G .154(atched, e)-2.654 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.654(ni).15 G 2.654(ft)
+-2.654 G .154(he pattern be-)-2.654 F .12(gins with a)108 650.4 R F4
-.63(``)2.62 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0 5.12(.W)C .12
(hen not matching pathnames, the)-5.12 F F4 -.63(``)2.62 G -.55(.').63 G
(')-.08 E F0 .12(character is not treated specially)5.12 F 5.12(.W)-.65
-G .12(hen matching)-5.12 F 3.541(ap)108 662.4 S 1.041
-(athname, the slash character must al)-3.541 F -.1(wa)-.1 G 1.041
-(ys be matched e).1 F 1.04(xplicitly by a slash in the pattern, b)-.15 F
-1.04(ut in other)-.2 F .131(matching conte)108 674.4 R .132
+G .12(hen matching)-5.12 F 3.54(ap)108 662.4 S 1.04
+(athname, the slash character must al)-3.54 F -.1(wa)-.1 G 1.04
+(ys be matched e).1 F 1.041(xplicitly by a slash in the pattern, b)-.15
+F 1.041(ut in other)-.2 F .132(matching conte)108 674.4 R .132
(xts it can be matched by a special pattern character as described belo)
--.15 F 2.632(wu)-.25 G(nder)-2.632 E F1 -.09(Pa)2.632 G(tter).09 E 2.382
-(nM)-.135 G(atch-)-2.382 E(ing)108 686.4 Q F2(.)A F0 .606
-(See the description of)5.106 F F4(shopt)3.106 E F0(belo)3.106 E 3.106
+-.15 F 2.631(wu)-.25 G(nder)-2.631 E F1 -.09(Pa)2.631 G(tter).09 E 2.381
+(nM)-.135 G(atch-)-2.381 E(ing)108 686.4 Q F2(.)A F0 .605
+(See the description of)5.105 F F4(shopt)3.105 E F0(belo)3.105 E 3.106
(wu)-.25 G(nder)-3.106 E F1 .606(SHELL B)3.106 F(UIL)-.09 E .606
-(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0 .605(for a description of the)2.855 F F4(no-)
-3.105 E(caseglob)108 698.4 Q F0(,)A F4(nullglob)2.5 E F0(,)A F4
+(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0 .606(for a description of the)2.856 F F4(no-)
+3.106 E(caseglob)108 698.4 Q F0(,)A F4(nullglob)2.5 E F0(,)A F4
(globskipdots)2.5 E F0(,)A F4(failglob)2.5 E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd)-2.5 E F4
(dotglob)2.5 E F0(shell options.)2.5 E(The)108 715.2 Q F1(GLOBIGNORE)
-2.561 E F0 .061(shell v)2.311 F .061
+2.562 E F0 .062(shell v)2.312 F .061
(ariable may be used to restrict the set of \214le names matching a)-.25
-F F3(pattern)3.812 E F0 5.062(.I).24 G(f)-5.062 E F1(GLO-)2.562 E
+F F3(pattern)3.811 E F0 5.061(.I).24 G(f)-5.061 E F1(GLO-)2.561 E
(BIGNORE)108 727.2 Q F0 2.015(is set, each matching \214le name that al\
-so matches one of the patterns in)4.265 F F1(GLOBIGNORE)4.515 E F0(is)
-4.264 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 May 2)150.675 E(27)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
+so matches one of the patterns in)4.264 F F1(GLOBIGNORE)4.515 E F0(is)
+4.265 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 June 3)150.675 E(27)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 28 28
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(remo)108 84 Q -.15
-(ve)-.15 G 3.914(df).15 G 1.414(rom the list of matches.)-3.914 F 1.415
+(ve)-.15 G 3.915(df).15 G 1.415(rom the list of matches.)-3.915 F 1.415
(If the)6.415 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(nocaseglob)3.915 E F0 1.415
-(option is set, the matching ag)3.915 F 1.415(ainst the patterns in)-.05
-F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(GLOBIGNORE)108 96 Q F0 .147
-(is performed without re)2.397 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .147(rd to case.).05 F
+(option is set, the matching ag)3.915 F 1.414(ainst the patterns in)-.05
+F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(GLOBIGNORE)108 96 Q F0 .146
+(is performed without re)2.396 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .146(rd to case.).05 F
.146(The \214lenames)5.146 F F1 -.63(``)2.646 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E
-F0(and)5.146 E F1 -.63(``)2.646 G(..).63 E -.63('')-.55 G F0 .146
-(are al)5.776 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .146(ys ignored when).1 F F2(GLOBIGNORE)108
+F0(and)5.147 E F1 -.63(``)2.647 G(..).63 E -.63('')-.55 G F0 .147
+(are al)5.777 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .147(ys ignored when).1 F F2(GLOBIGNORE)108
108 Q F0 .827(is set and not null.)3.077 F(Ho)5.827 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G 1.627 -.4(r, s).15 H(etting).4 E F2(GLOBIGNORE)3.327 E F0 .827
(to a non-null v)3.077 F .827(alue has the ef)-.25 F .827(fect of)-.25 F
-.683(enabling the)108 120 R F1(dotglob)3.183 E F0 .682
-(shell option, so all other \214lenames be)3.183 F .682(ginning with a)
+.682(enabling the)108 120 R F1(dotglob)3.182 E F0 .682
+(shell option, so all other \214lenames be)3.182 F .682(ginning with a)
-.15 F F1 -.63(``)3.182 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0 .682(will match.)
-5.682 F 2.282 -.8(To g)5.682 H .682(et the old).8 F(beha)108 132 Q 1.184
-(vior of ignoring \214lenames be)-.2 F 1.184(ginning with a)-.15 F F1
+5.682 F 2.283 -.8(To g)5.683 H .683(et the old).8 F(beha)108 132 Q 1.185
+(vior of ignoring \214lenames be)-.2 F 1.185(ginning with a)-.15 F F1
-.63(``)3.684 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0 3.684(,m)C(ak)-3.684 E(e)-.1 E
-F1 -.63(``)3.684 G(.*').63 E(')-.63 E F0 1.185(one of the patterns in)
-6.185 F F2(GLOBIGNORE)3.685 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(The)108 144 Q
-F1(dotglob)3.132 E F0 .632(option is disabled when)3.132 F F2
-(GLOBIGNORE)3.132 E F0 .632(is unset.)2.882 F .631
+F1 -.63(``)3.684 G(.*').63 E(')-.63 E F0 1.184(one of the patterns in)
+6.184 F F2(GLOBIGNORE)3.684 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(The)108 144 Q
+F1(dotglob)3.131 E F0 .631(option is disabled when)3.131 F F2
+(GLOBIGNORE)3.132 E F0 .632(is unset.)2.882 F .632
(The pattern matching honors the setting of)5.632 F(the)108 156 Q F1
(extglob)2.5 E F0(shell option.)2.5 E F1 -.1(Pa)108 172.8 S(tter).1 E
2.5(nM)-.15 G(atching)-2.5 E F0(An)108 189.6 Q 3.138(yc)-.15 G .638(har\
acter that appears in a pattern, other than the special pattern charact\
-ers described belo)-3.138 F 1.938 -.65(w, m)-.25 H(atches).65 E 2.722
+ers described belo)-3.138 F 1.938 -.65(w, m)-.25 H(atches).65 E 2.721
(itself. The)108 201.6 R .221(NUL character may not occur in a pattern.)
-2.722 F 2.721(Ab)5.221 G .221(ackslash escapes the follo)-2.721 F .221
+2.721 F 2.721(Ab)5.221 G .221(ackslash escapes the follo)-2.721 F .222
(wing character; the es-)-.25 F .418
(caping backslash is discarded when matching.)108 213.6 R .418
-(The special pattern characters must be quoted if the)5.418 F 2.919(ya)
--.15 G .419(re to)-2.919 F(be matched literally)108 225.6 Q(.)-.65 E
+(The special pattern characters must be quoted if the)5.418 F 2.918(ya)
+-.15 G .418(re to)-2.918 F(be matched literally)108 225.6 Q(.)-.65 E
(The special pattern characters ha)108 242.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H
-(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1(*)144 259.2 Q F0 .377
-(Matches an)180 259.2 R 2.877(ys)-.15 G .376
-(tring, including the null string.)-2.877 F .376(When the)5.376 F F1
-(globstar)2.876 E F0 .376(shell option is enabled,)2.876 F(and)180 271.2
+(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1(*)144 259.2 Q F0 .376
+(Matches an)180 259.2 R 2.876(ys)-.15 G .376
+(tring, including the null string.)-2.876 F .376(When the)5.376 F F1
+(globstar)2.876 E F0 .377(shell option is enabled,)2.876 F(and)180 271.2
Q F1(*)3.275 E F0 .775(is used in a pathname e)3.275 F .775
(xpansion conte)-.15 F .775(xt, tw)-.15 F 3.275(oa)-.1 G(djacent)-3.275
E F1(*)3.275 E F0 3.275(su)C .775(sed as a single pattern)-3.275 F 1.058
F0(,)A(tw)180 295.2 Q 2.5(oa)-.1 G(djacent)-2.5 E F1(*)2.5 E F0 2.5(sw)C
(ill match only directories and subdirectories.)-2.5 E F1(?)144 307.2 Q
F0(Matches an)180 307.2 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G(ingle character)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E
-F1([...])144 319.2 Q F0 .578(Matches an)180 319.2 R 3.078(yo)-.15 G .578
-(ne of the enclosed characters.)-3.078 F 3.079(Ap)5.579 G .579
-(air of characters separated by a h)-3.079 F(yphen)-.05 E .685
-(denotes a)180 331.2 R/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.15(ra)3.185 G(ng).15 E
+F1([...])144 319.2 Q F0 .579(Matches an)180 319.2 R 3.079(yo)-.15 G .579
+(ne of the enclosed characters.)-3.079 F 3.079(Ap)5.579 G .578
+(air of characters separated by a h)-3.079 F(yphen)-.05 E .684
+(denotes a)180 331.2 R/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.15(ra)3.184 G(ng).15 E
3.184(ee)-.1 G(xpr)-3.384 E(ession)-.37 E F0 3.184(;a)C .984 -.15(ny c)
-3.184 H .684(haracter that f).15 F .684(alls between those tw)-.1 F
-3.184(oc)-.1 G .684(haracters, inclu-)-3.184 F(si)180 343.2 Q -.15(ve)
--.25 G 3.712(,u).15 G 1.212(sing the current locale')-3.712 F 3.712(sc)
+3.185(oc)-.1 G .685(haracters, inclu-)-3.185 F(si)180 343.2 Q -.15(ve)
+-.25 G 3.713(,u).15 G 1.213(sing the current locale')-3.713 F 3.712(sc)
-.55 G 1.212(ollating sequence and character set, is matched.)-3.712 F
-1.213(If the)6.213 F 1.124(\214rst character follo)180 355.2 R 1.124
-(wing the)-.25 F F1([)3.624 E F0 1.124(is a)3.624 F F1(!)3.624 E F0
-1.124(or a)6.124 F F1(^)3.623 E F0 1.123(then an)3.623 F 3.623(yc)-.15 G
-1.123(haracter not enclosed is matched.)-3.623 F 1.044
-(The sorting order of characters in range e)180 367.2 R 1.045
+1.212(If the)6.212 F 1.123(\214rst character follo)180 355.2 R 1.123
+(wing the)-.25 F F1([)3.623 E F0 1.123(is a)3.623 F F1(!)3.623 E F0
+1.124(or a)6.123 F F1(^)3.624 E F0 1.124(then an)3.624 F 3.624(yc)-.15 G
+1.124(haracter not enclosed is matched.)-3.624 F 1.045
+(The sorting order of characters in range e)180 367.2 R 1.044
(xpressions, and the characters included in the)-.15 F 2.34
-(range, are determined by the current locale and the v)180 379.2 R 2.34
-(alues of the)-.25 F F2(LC_COLLA)4.84 E(TE)-.855 E F0(or)4.59 E F2
-(LC_ALL)180 391.2 Q F0 1.078(shell v)3.328 F 1.078(ariables, if set.)
+(range, are determined by the current locale and the v)180 379.2 R 2.341
+(alues of the)-.25 F F2(LC_COLLA)4.841 E(TE)-.855 E F0(or)4.591 E F2
+(LC_ALL)180 391.2 Q F0 1.079(shell v)3.329 F 1.079(ariables, if set.)
-.25 F 2.679 -.8(To o)6.079 H 1.079
-(btain the traditional interpretation of range e).8 F(xpres-)-.15 E .393
-(sions, where)180 403.2 R F1([a\255d])2.893 E F0 .393(is equi)2.893 F
--.25(va)-.25 G .393(lent to).25 F F1([abcd])2.893 E F0 2.893(,s)C .393
-(et v)-2.893 F .393(alue of the)-.25 F F1(LC_ALL)2.892 E F0 .392
-(shell v)2.892 F .392(ariable to)-.25 F F1(C)2.892 E F0(,)A .899
-(or enable the)180 415.2 R F1(globasciiranges)3.399 E F0 .899
-(shell option.)3.399 F(A)5.899 E F1<ad>3.399 E F0 .9
+(btain the traditional interpretation of range e).8 F(xpres-)-.15 E .392
+(sions, where)180 403.2 R F1([a\255d])2.892 E F0 .392(is equi)2.892 F
+-.25(va)-.25 G .392(lent to).25 F F1([abcd])2.893 E F0 2.893(,s)C .393
+(et v)-2.893 F .393(alue of the)-.25 F F1(LC_ALL)2.893 E F0 .393
+(shell v)2.893 F .393(ariable to)-.25 F F1(C)2.893 E F0(,)A .9
+(or enable the)180 415.2 R F1(globasciiranges)3.4 E F0 .9(shell option.)
+3.4 F(A)5.899 E F1<ad>3.399 E F0 .899
(may be matched by including it as the)3.399 F .405
(\214rst or last character in the set.)180 427.2 R(A)5.405 E F1(])2.905
E F0 .405(may be matched by including it as the \214rst character)2.905
-F(in the set.)180 439.2 Q -.4(Wi)180 457.2 S(thin).4 E F1([)3.07 E F0
-(and)3.07 E F1(])3.07 E F0(,)A F4 -.15(ch)3.07 G(ar).15 E .571
+F(in the set.)180 439.2 Q -.4(Wi)180 457.2 S(thin).4 E F1([)3.071 E F0
+(and)3.071 E F1(])3.071 E F0(,)A F4 -.15(ch)3.071 G(ar).15 E .571
(acter classes)-.15 F F0 .571(can be speci\214ed using the syntax)3.071
-F F1([:)3.071 E F4(class)A F1(:])A F0 3.071(,w)C(here)-3.071 E F4(class)
-3.071 E F0(is one of the follo)180 469.2 Q
+F F1([:)3.07 E F4(class)A F1(:])A F0 3.07(,w)C(here)-3.07 E F4(class)
+3.07 E F0(is one of the follo)180 469.2 Q
(wing classes de\214ned in the POSIX standard:)-.25 E F1 5.889
(alnum alpha ascii blank cntrl digit graph lo)180 481.2 R 5.889
(wer print punct space up-)-.1 F 5(per w)180 493.2 R 5(ord xdigit)-.1 F
-F0 4.289(Ac)180 505.2 S 1.789(haracter class matches an)-4.289 F 4.289
-(yc)-.15 G 1.789(haracter belonging to that class.)-4.289 F(The)6.789 E
-F1 -.1(wo)4.29 G(rd).1 E F0(character)4.29 E
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678 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(+\()144 690 Q F4
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(Matches one or more occurrences of the gi)180 702 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5
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(xpansions, all unquoted occurrences of the characters)-.15 F F1(\\)
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-.15(ve ex)-.15 H(pansions are remo).15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E/F3
10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(REDIRECTION)72 283.2 Q F0 .545
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E .428(ws commands' \214le handles to be duplicated, opened, closed, ma\
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-(Redirection may also be)6.02 F .215
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(used to modify \214le handles in the current shell e)108 331.2 R -.15
(xe)-.15 G .215(cution en).15 F 2.715(vironment. The)-.4 F(follo)2.715 E
.215(wing redirection operators)-.25 F .862(may precede or appear an)108
.77 G .862(edirections are)-5.862 F(processed in the order the)108 355.2
Q 2.5(ya)-.15 G(ppear)-2.5 E 2.5(,f)-.4 G(rom left to right.)-2.5 E .771
(Each redirection that may be preceded by a \214le descriptor number ma\
-y instead be preceded by a w)108 372 R .771(ord of)-.1 F .292
+y instead be preceded by a w)108 372 R .772(ord of)-.1 F .293
(the form {)108 384 R F2(varname)A F0 2.793(}. In)B .293
(this case, for each redirection operator e)2.793 F .293
-(xcept >&- and <&-, the shell will allocate)-.15 F 3.18<618c>108 396 S
-.679(le descriptor greater than or equal to 10 and assign it to)-3.18 F
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F2(varname)3.179 E F0 5.679(.I)C 3.179(f>)-5.679 G .679
(&- or <&- is preceded by {)-3.179 F F2(var)A(-)-.2 E(name)108 408 Q F0
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-(de\214nes the \214le descriptor to close.)3.099 F .6(If {)5.6 F F2
-(varname)A F0 3.1(}i)C 3.1(ss)-3.1 G .6(upplied, the redirection)-3.1 F
-.794(persists be)108 420 R .794(yond the scope of the command, allo)-.15
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-(s)-.55 E(lifetime manually)108 432 Q 5(.T)-.65 G(he)-5 E F1 -.1(va)2.5
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-(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E .283(In the follo)108 448.8 R .284(wing descriptio\
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-F0 3.012(,t)C .512
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(he redirection refers to the standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\).)
-3.012 F .512(If the \214rst character of the)5.512 F
(redirection operator is)108 472.8 Q F1(>)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C
(he redirection refers to the standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\).)
--2.5 E .824(The w)108 489.6 R .824(ord follo)-.1 F .824
-(wing the redirection operator in the follo)-.25 F .825
-(wing descriptions, unless otherwise noted, is sub-)-.25 F .463
-(jected to brace e)108 501.6 R .463(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .462
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(Note that the order of redirections is signi\214cant.)108 542.4 Q -.15
(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample, the command)-2.65 E(ls)144 559.2 Q F1(>)2.5
E F0 3.005(,b).68 G .505(ecause the standard error w)-3.005 F .505
(as duplicated from the standard)-.1 F
(output before the standard output w)108 621.6 Q(as redirected to)-.1 E
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(vides these special \214les, bash will use them;)-.15 F
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(is duplicated.)2.5 E F1(/de)144 703.2 Q(v/stdin)-.15 E F0
(File descriptor 0 is duplicated.)180 715.2 Q(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q
-(2022 May 2)150.675 E(29)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
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%%Page: 30 30
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BP
96 Q F1(/de)144 108 Q(v/stderr)-.15 E F0
(File descriptor 2 is duplicated.)180 120 Q F1(/de)144 132 Q(v/tcp/)-.15
E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(host)A F1(/)A F2(port)A F0(If)180 144 Q F2
-(host)2.996 E F0 .496(is a v)2.996 F .496
-(alid hostname or Internet address, and)-.25 F F2(port)2.997 E F0 .497
-(is an inte)2.997 F .497(ger port number or ser)-.15 F(-)-.2 E
+(host)2.997 E F0 .497(is a v)2.997 F .497
+(alid hostname or Internet address, and)-.25 F F2(port)2.996 E F0 .496
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(vice name,)180 156 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0
(attempts to open the corresponding TCP sock)2.5 E(et.)-.1 E F1(/de)144
168 Q(v/udp/)-.15 E F2(host)A F1(/)A F2(port)A F0(If)180 180 Q F2(host)
-2.997 E F0 .497(is a v)2.997 F .497
-(alid hostname or Internet address, and)-.25 F F2(port)2.996 E F0 .496
-(is an inte)2.996 F .496(ger port number or ser)-.15 F(-)-.2 E
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(vice name,)180 192 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0
(attempts to open the corresponding UDP sock)2.5 E(et.)-.1 E 2.5(Af)108
208.8 S(ailure to open or create a \214le causes the redirection to f)
--2.6 E(ail.)-.1 E .045(Redirections using \214le descriptors greater th\
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-(ay con\215ict with \214le de-)-2.546 F
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(scriptors the shell uses internally)108 237.6 Q(.)-.65 E F1(Redir)87
254.4 Q(ecting Input)-.18 E F0 .391
(Redirection of input causes the \214le whose name results from the e)
(is not speci\214ed.)2.74 E
(The general format for redirecting input is:)108 295.2 Q([)144 312 Q F2
(n)A F0(])A F1(<)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F1(Redir)87 328.8 Q(ecting Output)
--.18 E F0 .174
+-.18 E F0 .175
(Redirection of output causes the \214le whose name results from the e)
-108 340.8 R .175(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.015 E(d)-.37 E F0 .175
-(to be opened for writ-)3.445 F .084(ing on \214le descriptor)108 352.8
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+(to be opened for writ-)3.444 F .083(ing on \214le descriptor)108 352.8
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(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.583 F F2(n)2.943 E F0
-.083(is not speci\214ed.)2.823 F .083(If the \214le does not e)5.083 F
+.083(is not speci\214ed.)2.823 F .084(If the \214le does not e)5.083 F
(x-)-.15 E(ist it is created; if it does e)108 364.8 Q
(xist it is truncated to zero size.)-.15 E
(The general format for redirecting output is:)108 381.6 Q([)144 398.4 Q
-F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .154
-(If the redirection operator is)108 415.2 R F1(>)2.654 E F0 2.654(,a)C
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-(iltin has been enabled, the redirection).2 F .658(will f)108 427.2 R
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-(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.158 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.158 G .657
-(ists and is a re).15 F .657(gular \214le.)-.15 F .657(If the redi-)
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+(If the redirection operator is)108 415.2 R F1(>)2.655 E F0 2.655(,a)C
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+(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.158 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.158 G .658
+(ists and is a re).15 F .658(gular \214le.)-.15 F .658(If the redi-)
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2.909(rt)-2.909 G .409(he redirection operator is)-2.909 F F1(>)2.909 E
F0 .409(and the)2.909 F F1(noclob)2.909 E(ber)-.1 E F0 .409
-(option to the)2.909 F F1(set)2.909 E F0 -.2(bu)2.909 G .409
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(iltin command).2 F(is not enabled, the redirection is attempted e)108
451.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he \214le named by)
-2.5 E F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists.).15 E F1 -.25(Ap)87
-468 S(pending Redir).25 E(ected Output)-.18 E F0 .642
+468 S(pending Redir).25 E(ected Output)-.18 E F0 .641
(Redirection of output in this f)108 480 R .642
-(ashion causes the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F .641
-(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.481 E(d)-.37 E F0 .641(to be)3.911 F .454
+(ashion causes the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F .642
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(opened for appending on \214le descriptor)108 492 R F2(n)3.315 E F0
2.955(,o).24 G 2.955(rt)-2.955 G .455
-(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.955 F F2(n)3.315 E F0
-.455(is not speci\214ed.)3.195 F(If)5.455 E(the \214le does not e)108
+(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.955 F F2(n)3.314 E F0
+.454(is not speci\214ed.)3.194 F(If)5.454 E(the \214le does not e)108
504 Q(xist it is created.)-.15 E
(The general format for appending output is:)108 520.8 Q([)144 537.6 Q
F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>>)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F1(Redir)87 554.4 Q
-(ecting Standard Output and Standard Err)-.18 E(or)-.18 E F0 .249
+(ecting Standard Output and Standard Err)-.18 E(or)-.18 E F0 .248
(This construct allo)108 566.4 R .249(ws both the standard output \(\
\214le descriptor 1\) and the standard error output \(\214le descrip-)
-.25 F(tor 2\) to be redirected to the \214le whose name is the e)108
A(d)-.37 E F0(Of the tw)108 652.8 Q 2.5(of)-.1 G
(orms, the \214rst is preferred.)-2.5 E(This is semantically equi)5 E
-.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1(>)144 669.6 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(2)2.5
-E F1(>&)A F0(1)A .114(When using the second form,)108 686.4 R F2(wor)
+E F1(>&)A F0(1)A .115(When using the second form,)108 686.4 R F2(wor)
2.614 E(d)-.37 E F0 .114(may not e)2.614 F .114(xpand to a number or)
--.15 F F1<ad>2.614 E F0 5.114(.I)C 2.614(fi)-5.114 G 2.615(td)-2.614 G
-.115(oes, other redirection operators)-2.615 F(apply \(see)108 698.4 Q
+-.15 F F1<ad>2.614 E F0 5.114(.I)C 2.614(fi)-5.114 G 2.614(td)-2.614 G
+.114(oes, other redirection operators)-2.614 F(apply \(see)108 698.4 Q
F1(Duplicating File Descriptors)2.5 E F0(belo)2.5 E
-(w\) for compatibility reasons.)-.25 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 May 2)
-150.675 E(30)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
+(w\) for compatibility reasons.)-.25 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q
+(2022 June 3)150.675 E(30)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
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BP
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
SF -.25(Ap)87 84 S(pending Standard Output and Standard Err).25 E(or)
--.18 E F0 .249(This construct allo)108 96 R .249(ws both the standard o\
+-.18 E F0 .248(This construct allo)108 96 R .249(ws both the standard o\
utput \(\214le descriptor 1\) and the standard error output \(\214le de\
scrip-)-.25 F(tor 2\) to be appended to the \214le whose name is the e)
108 108 Q(xpansion of)-.15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(wor)2.84 E(d)-.37 E
192 Q F1(Duplicating File Descriptors)2.5 E F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1
(Her)87 208.8 Q 2.5(eD)-.18 G(ocuments)-2.5 E F0 .33(This type of redir\
ection instructs the shell to read input from the current source until \
-a line containing only)108 220.8 R F2(delimiter)108.35 232.8 Q F0 .615
-(\(with no trailing blanks\) is seen.)3.845 F .615
+a line containing only)108 220.8 R F2(delimiter)108.35 232.8 Q F0 .614
+(\(with no trailing blanks\) is seen.)3.844 F .615
(All of the lines read up to that point are then used as the stan-)5.615
F(dard input \(or \214le descriptor)108 244.8 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(if)2.5 E
F2(n)2.5 E F0(is speci\214ed\) for a command.)2.5 E
(The format of here-documents is:)108 261.6 Q([)144 278.4 Q F2(n)A F0(])
A F1(<<)A F0([)A F1<ad>A F0(])A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E(her)164 290.4 Q
-(e-document)-.37 E(delimiter)144 302.4 Q F0 .301(No parameter and v)108
+(e-document)-.37 E(delimiter)144 302.4 Q F0 .302(No parameter and v)108
319.2 R .302(ariable e)-.25 F .302
-(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic e)-.15 F .302
+(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic e)-.15 F .301
(xpansion, or pathname e)-.15 F(xpansion)-.15 E .381(is performed on)108
331.2 R F2(wor)3.221 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.381(.I).77 G 2.881(fa)-5.381 G .681
-.15(ny p)-2.881 H .381(art of).15 F F2(wor)3.221 E(d)-.37 E F0 .381
(is quoted, the)3.651 F F2(delimiter)3.231 E F0 .381
(is the result of quote remo)3.611 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.881(lo).25 G(n)
--2.881 E F2(wor)3.221 E(d)-.37 E F0(,).77 E .773
+-2.881 E F2(wor)3.221 E(d)-.37 E F0(,).77 E .774
(and the lines in the here-document are not e)108 343.2 R 3.274
-(xpanded. If)-.15 F F2(wor)3.274 E(d)-.37 E F0 .774
-(is unquoted, all lines of the here-document)3.274 F 1.195
+(xpanded. If)-.15 F F2(wor)3.273 E(d)-.37 E F0 .773
+(is unquoted, all lines of the here-document)3.273 F 1.194
(are subjected to parameter e)108 355.2 R 1.194
-(xpansion, command substitution, and arithmetic e)-.15 F 1.194
+(xpansion, command substitution, and arithmetic e)-.15 F 1.195
(xpansion, the character se-)-.15 F(quence)108 367.2 Q F1(\\<newline>)
2.5 E F0(is ignored, and)2.5 E F1(\\)2.5 E F0
(must be used to quote the characters)2.5 E F1(\\)2.5 E F0(,)A F1($)2.5
-E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd)-2.5 E F1<92>2.5 E F0(.)A .601
+E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd)-2.5 E F1<92>2.5 E F0(.)A .602
(If the redirection operator is)108 384 R F1(<<\255)3.101 E F0 3.101(,t)
C .601(hen all leading tab characters are stripped from input lines and\
the line)-3.101 F(containing)108 396 Q F2(delimiter)2.85 E F0 5(.T).73
-.25 E(ashion.)-.1 E F1(Her)87 412.8 Q 2.5(eS)-.18 G(trings)-2.5 E F0
2.5(Av)108 424.8 S(ariant of here documents, the format is:)-2.75 E([)
144 441.6 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<<<)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(The)108 458.4 Q
-F2(wor)3.292 E(d)-.37 E F0(under)3.292 E .792(goes tilde e)-.18 F .792
-(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .792(ariable e)-.25 F .791
+F2(wor)3.291 E(d)-.37 E F0(under)3.291 E .792(goes tilde e)-.18 F .792
+(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .792(ariable e)-.25 F .792
(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic)-.15 F -.15(ex)108 470.4 S
-1.187(pansion, and quote remo).15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 3.687(l. P).25 F
+1.188(pansion, and quote remo).15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 3.687(l. P).25 F
1.187(athname e)-.15 F 1.187(xpansion and w)-.15 F 1.187
-(ord splitting are not performed.)-.1 F 1.188(The result is)6.187 F .375
-(supplied as a single string, with a ne)108 482.4 R .374(wline appended\
+(ord splitting are not performed.)-.1 F 1.187(The result is)6.187 F .374
+(supplied as a single string, with a ne)108 482.4 R .375(wline appended\
, to the command on its standard input \(or \214le descrip-)-.25 F(tor)
108 494.4 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(if)2.5 E F2(n)2.5 E F0(is speci\214ed\).)2.5 E
F1(Duplicating File Descriptors)87 511.2 Q F0(The redirection operator)
-108 523.2 Q([)144 540 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<&)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .126
+108 523.2 Q([)144 540 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<&)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .127
(is used to duplicate input \214le descriptors.)108 556.8 R(If)5.127 E
-F2(wor)2.967 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.397 G .127
+F2(wor)2.967 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.397 G .126
(pands to one or more digits, the \214le descriptor denoted).15 F(by)108
-568.8 Q F2(n)3.318 E F0 .458(is made to be a cop)3.198 F 2.958(yo)-.1 G
-2.958(ft)-2.958 G .457(hat \214le descriptor)-2.958 F 5.457(.I)-.55 G
-2.957(ft)-5.457 G .457(he digits in)-2.957 F F2(wor)3.297 E(d)-.37 E F0
-.457(do not specify a \214le descriptor open)3.727 F .149
-(for input, a redirection error occurs.)108 580.8 R(If)5.149 E F2(wor)
-2.989 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.419 G .149(luates to).25 F F1<ad>2.649 E
-F0 2.65<2c8c>C .15(le descriptor)-2.65 F F2(n)3.01 E F0 .15(is closed.)
-2.89 F(If)5.15 E F2(n)3.01 E F0 .15(is not speci\214ed,)2.89 F
-(the standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) is used.)108 592.8 Q
+568.8 Q F2(n)3.317 E F0 .457(is made to be a cop)3.197 F 2.957(yo)-.1 G
+2.957(ft)-2.957 G .457(hat \214le descriptor)-2.957 F 5.457(.I)-.55 G
+2.957(ft)-5.457 G .457(he digits in)-2.957 F F2(wor)3.298 E(d)-.37 E F0
+.458(do not specify a \214le descriptor open)3.728 F .15
+(for input, a redirection error occurs.)108 580.8 R(If)5.15 E F2(wor)
+2.99 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.42 G .15(luates to).25 F F1<ad>2.65 E F0
+2.649<2c8c>C .149(le descriptor)-2.649 F F2(n)3.009 E F0 .149
+(is closed.)2.889 F(If)5.149 E F2(n)3.009 E F0 .149(is not speci\214ed,)
+2.889 F(the standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) is used.)108 592.8 Q
(The operator)108 609.6 Q([)144 626.4 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>&)A F2(wor)A
-(d)-.37 E F0 .444
+(d)-.37 E F0 .443
(is used similarly to duplicate output \214le descriptors.)108 643.2 R
-(If)5.444 E F2(n)3.304 E F0 .443
-(is not speci\214ed, the standard output \(\214le descrip-)3.183 F .565
-(tor 1\) is used.)108 655.2 R .565(If the digits in)5.565 F F2(wor)3.406
+(If)5.443 E F2(n)3.304 E F0 .444
+(is not speci\214ed, the standard output \(\214le descrip-)3.184 F .566
+(tor 1\) is used.)108 655.2 R .566(If the digits in)5.566 F F2(wor)3.406
E(d)-.37 E F0 .566(do not specify a \214le descriptor open for output, \
-a redirection error oc-)3.836 F 3.204(curs. If)108 667.2 R F2(wor)3.544
-E(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.974 G .704(luates to).25 F F1<ad>3.204 E F0
-3.204<2c8c>C .704(le descriptor)-3.204 F F2(n)3.563 E F0 .703
-(is closed.)3.443 F .703(As a special case, if)5.703 F F2(n)3.203 E F0
-.703(is omitted, and)3.203 F F2(wor)3.203 E(d)-.37 E F0(does)3.203 E
-.96
5(not e)108 679.2 R .965(xpand to one or more digits or)-.15 F F1<ad>
-3.465 E F0 3.466(,t)C .966
+a redirection error oc-)3.836 F 3.203(curs. If)108 667.2 R F2(wor)3.543
+E(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.973 G .703(luates to).25 F F1<ad>3.203 E F0
+3.203<2c8c>C .703(le descriptor)-3.203 F F2(n)3.563 E F0 .703
+(is closed.)3.443 F .703(As a special case, if)5.703 F F2(n)3.204 E F0
+.704(is omitted, and)3.204 F F2(wor)3.204 E(d)-.37 E F0(does)3.204 E
+.96
6(not e)108 679.2 R .966(xpand to one or more digits or)-.15 F F1<ad>
+3.466 E F0 3.466(,t)C .965
(he standard output and standard error are redirected as described)
-3.466 F(pre)108 691.2 Q(viously)-.25 E(.)-.65 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q
-(2022 May 2)150.675 E(31)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
+(2022 June 3)150.675 E(31)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 32 32
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BP
(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
SF(Mo)87 84 Q(ving File Descriptors)-.1 E F0(The redirection operator)
108 96 Q([)144 112.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0(])A F1(<&)A F2
-(digit)A F1<ad>A F0(mo)108 129.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.018(st).15 G .518
-(he \214le descriptor)-3.018 F F2(digit)3.018 E F0 .518
-(to \214le descriptor)3.018 F F2(n)3.378 E F0 3.018(,o).24 G 3.018(rt)
--3.018 G .517(he standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) if)-3.018 F F2
-(n)3.017 E F0 .517(is not speci-)3.017 F(\214ed.)108 141.6 Q F2(digit)5
+(digit)A F1<ad>A F0(mo)108 129.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.017(st).15 G .517
+(he \214le descriptor)-3.017 F F2(digit)3.017 E F0 .517
+(to \214le descriptor)3.017 F F2(n)3.377 E F0 3.017(,o).24 G 3.017(rt)
+-3.017 G .518(he standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) if)-3.017 F F2
+(n)3.018 E F0 .518(is not speci-)3.018 F(\214ed.)108 141.6 Q F2(digit)5
E F0(is closed after being duplicated to)2.5 E F2(n)2.5 E F0(.)A
(Similarly)108 158.4 Q 2.5(,t)-.65 G(he redirection operator)-2.5 E([)
144 175.2 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>&)A F2(digit)A F1<ad>A F0(mo)108 192 Q
--.15(ve)-.15 G 2.767(st).15 G .267(he \214le descriptor)-2.767 F F2
-(digit)2.767 E F0 .267(to \214le descriptor)2.767 F F2(n)3.127 E F0
-2.767(,o).24 G 2.767(rt)-2.767 G .268
-(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.767 F F2(n)2.768 E F0
-.268(is not speci-)2.768 F(\214ed.)108 204 Q F1
+-.15(ve)-.15 G 2.768(st).15 G .268(he \214le descriptor)-2.768 F F2
+(digit)2.768 E F0 .268(to \214le descriptor)2.768 F F2(n)3.128 E F0
+2.768(,o).24 G 2.768(rt)-2.768 G .267
+(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.768 F F2(n)2.767 E F0
+.267(is not speci-)2.767 F(\214ed.)108 204 Q F1
(Opening File Descriptors f)87 220.8 Q(or Reading and Writing)-.25 E F0
(The redirection operator)108 232.8 Q([)144 249.6 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<>)
A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .518(causes the \214le whose name is the e)108
<6e8c>-2.5 G(le descriptor 0 if)-2.5 E F2(n)2.86 E F0
(is not speci\214ed.)2.74 E(If the \214le does not e)5 E
(xist, it is created.)-.15 E/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)72 295.2 Q
-F2(Aliases)108 307.2 Q F0(allo)3.173 E 3.173(was)-.25 G .674
-(tring to be substituted for a w)-3.173 F .674
-(ord when it is used as the \214rst w)-.1 F .674
+F2(Aliases)108 307.2 Q F0(allo)3.174 E 3.174(was)-.25 G .674
+(tring to be substituted for a w)-3.174 F .674
+(ord when it is used as the \214rst w)-.1 F .673
(ord of a simple command.)-.1 F .394(The shell maintains a list of alia\
-ses that may be set and unset with the)108 319.2 R F1(alias)2.893 E F0
-(and)2.893 E F1(unalias)2.893 E F0 -.2(bu)2.893 G .393(iltin commands).2
-F(\(see)108 331.2 Q/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.979(SHELL B)4.479 F(UIL)-.09
-E 1.979(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)4.229 E 4.48(w\). The)-.25 F 1.98
-(\214rst w)4.48 F 1.98(ord of each simple command, if unquoted, is)-.1 F
-(check)108 343.2 Q .473(ed to see if it has an alias.)-.1 F .473
-(If so, that w)5.473 F .472(ord is replaced by the te)-.1 F .472
-(xt of the alias.)-.15 F .472(The characters)5.472 F F1(/)2.972 E F0(,)A
-F1($)2.972 E F0(,)A F1<92>2.972 E F0(,)A(and)108 355.2 Q F1(=)3.611 E F0
-1.111(and an)3.611 F 3.611(yo)-.15 G 3.611(ft)-3.611 G 1.111(he shell)
--3.611 F F2(metac)3.612 E(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.112
-(or quoting characters listed abo)3.612 F 1.412 -.15(ve m)-.15 H 1.112
-(ay not appear in an alias).15 F 3.62(name. The)108 367.2 R 1.12
-(replacement te)3.62 F 1.119(xt may contain an)-.15 F 3.619(yv)-.15 G
-1.119(alid shell input, including shell metacharacters.)-3.869 F 1.119
-(The \214rst)6.119 F -.1(wo)108 379.2 S .513(rd of the replacement te).1
-F .513(xt is tested for aliases, b)-.15 F .513(ut a w)-.2 F .514
-(ord that is identical to an alias being e)-.1 F .514(xpanded is)-.15 F
-.296(not e)108 391.2 R .296(xpanded a second time.)-.15 F .296
-(This means that one may alias)5.296 F F1(ls)2.796 E F0(to)2.796 E F1
-.296(ls \255F)2.796 F F0 2.796(,f)C .295(or instance, and)-2.796 F F1
-(bash)2.795 E F0 .295(does not try)2.795 F .528(to recursi)108 403.2 R
--.15(ve)-.25 G .528(ly e).15 F .528(xpand the replacement te)-.15 F
-3.028(xt. If)-.15 F .528(the last character of the alias v)3.028 F .529
-(alue is a)-.25 F F2(blank)3.299 E F0 3.029(,t).67 G .529(hen the ne)
--3.029 F(xt)-.15 E(command w)108 415.2 Q(ord follo)-.1 E
+ses that may be set and unset with the)108 319.2 R F1(alias)2.894 E F0
+(and)2.894 E F1(unalias)2.894 E F0 -.2(bu)2.894 G .394(iltin commands).2
+F(\(see)108 331.2 Q/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.98(SHELL B)4.48 F(UIL)-.09 E
+1.98(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)4.23 E 4.48(w\). The)-.25 F 1.98
+(\214rst w)4.48 F 1.979(ord of each simple command, if unquoted, is)-.1
+F(check)108 343.2 Q .472(ed to see if it has an alias.)-.1 F .472
+(If so, that w)5.472 F .473(ord is replaced by the te)-.1 F .473
+(xt of the alias.)-.15 F .473(The characters)5.473 F F1(/)2.973 E F0(,)A
+F1($)2.973 E F0(,)A F1<92>2.973 E F0(,)A(and)108 355.2 Q F1(=)3.612 E F0
+1.112(and an)3.612 F 3.612(yo)-.15 G 3.612(ft)-3.612 G 1.112(he shell)
+-3.612 F F2(metac)3.612 E(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.112
+(or quoting characters listed abo)3.612 F 1.411 -.15(ve m)-.15 H 1.111
+(ay not appear in an alias).15 F 3.619(name. The)108 367.2 R 1.119
+(replacement te)3.619 F 1.119(xt may contain an)-.15 F 3.619(yv)-.15 G
+1.119(alid shell input, including shell metacharacters.)-3.869 F 1.12
+(The \214rst)6.12 F -.1(wo)108 379.2 S .514(rd of the replacement te).1
+F .514(xt is tested for aliases, b)-.15 F .514(ut a w)-.2 F .513
+(ord that is identical to an alias being e)-.1 F .513(xpanded is)-.15 F
+.295(not e)108 391.2 R .295(xpanded a second time.)-.15 F .296
+(This means that one may alias)5.295 F F1(ls)2.796 E F0(to)2.796 E F1
+.296(ls \255F)2.796 F F0 2.796(,f)C .296(or instance, and)-2.796 F F1
+(bash)2.796 E F0 .296(does not try)2.796 F .529(to recursi)108 403.2 R
+-.15(ve)-.25 G .529(ly e).15 F .529(xpand the replacement te)-.15 F
+3.029(xt. If)-.15 F .528(the last character of the alias v)3.029 F .528
+(alue is a)-.25 F F2(blank)3.298 E F0 3.028(,t).67 G .528(hen the ne)
+-3.028 F(xt)-.15 E(command w)108 415.2 Q(ord follo)-.1 E
(wing the alias is also check)-.25 E(ed for alias e)-.1 E(xpansion.)-.15
E(Aliases are created and listed with the)108 432 Q F1(alias)2.5 E F0
(command, and remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(dw).15 G(ith the)-2.5 E F1
-(unalias)2.5 E F0(command.)2.5 E .742
+(unalias)2.5 E F0(command.)2.5 E .741
(There is no mechanism for using ar)108 448.8 R .741
(guments in the replacement te)-.18 F 3.241(xt. If)-.15 F(ar)3.241 E
-.741(guments are needed, use a shell)-.18 F(function \(see)108 460.8 Q
-F4(FUNCTIONS)2.5 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E .282(Aliases are not e)108
-477.6 R .282(xpanded when the shell is not interacti)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25
-G 2.782(,u).15 G .282(nless the)-2.782 F F1(expand_aliases)2.783 E F0
-.283(shell option is set us-)2.783 F(ing)108 489.6 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0
+.742(guments are needed, use a shell)-.18 F(function \(see)108 460.8 Q
+F4(FUNCTIONS)2.5 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E .283(Aliases are not e)108
+477.6 R .283(xpanded when the shell is not interacti)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25
+G 2.782(,u).15 G .282(nless the)-2.782 F F1(expand_aliases)2.782 E F0
+.282(shell option is set us-)2.782 F(ing)108 489.6 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0
(\(see the description of)2.5 E F1(shopt)2.5 E F0(under)2.5 E F4
(SHELL B)2.5 E(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25
-E .436
+E .435
(The rules concerning the de\214nition and use of aliases are some)108
-506.4 R .435(what confusing.)-.25 F F1(Bash)5.435 E F0(al)2.935 E -.1
-(wa)-.1 G .435(ys reads at least).1 F .67
+506.4 R .436(what confusing.)-.25 F F1(Bash)5.436 E F0(al)2.936 E -.1
+(wa)-.1 G .436(ys reads at least).1 F .67
(one complete line of input, and all lines that mak)108 518.4 R 3.17(eu)
-.1 G 3.17(pac)-3.17 G .67(ompound command, before e)-3.17 F -.15(xe)
-.15 G .67(cuting an).15 F 3.17(yo)-.15 G 3.17(ft)-3.17 G(he)-3.17 E
-1.059(commands on that line or the compound command.)108 530.4 R 1.059
-(Aliases are e)6.059 F 1.058(xpanded when a command is read, not)-.15 F
-.074(when it is e)108 542.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.574(cuted. Therefore,).15
+1.058(commands on that line or the compound command.)108 530.4 R 1.059
+(Aliases are e)6.059 F 1.059(xpanded when a command is read, not)-.15 F
+.075(when it is e)108 542.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.575(cuted. Therefore,).15
F .075(an alias de\214nition appearing on the same line as another comm\
-and does not)2.574 F(tak)108 554.4 Q 2.838(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-2.838 G
-.338(ect until the ne).25 F .338(xt line of input is read.)-.15 F .337
-(The commands follo)5.337 F .337
-(wing the alias de\214nition on that line are)-.25 F .551(not af)108
+and does not)2.575 F(tak)108 554.4 Q 2.837(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-2.837 G
+.337(ect until the ne).25 F .337(xt line of input is read.)-.15 F .337
+(The commands follo)5.337 F .338
+(wing the alias de\214nition on that line are)-.25 F .552(not af)108
566.4 R .551(fected by the ne)-.25 F 3.051(wa)-.25 G 3.051(lias. This)
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--.2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.051(cuted. Aliases).15 F .552(are e)3.052 F(x-)
--.15 E .426(panded when a function de\214nition is read, not when the f\
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-(cuted, because a function de\214nition).15 F .403(is itself a command.)
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+(cuted, because a function de\214nition).15 F .404(is itself a command.)
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-(As a consequence, aliases de\214ned in a function are not a)5.403 F
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108 602.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.362(cuted. T).15 F 3.362(ob)-.8 G 3.362(es)
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(ed-width inte)-.15 F 1.057(gers with no check for o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15
G(r\215o).15 E 2.357 -.65(w, t)-.25 H 1.057(hough di).65 F 1.057
-(vision by 0 is trapped and \215agged as an error)-.25 F(.)-.55 E .829
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(The operators and their precedence, associati)108 132 R(vity)-.25 E
3.329(,a)-.65 G .829(nd v)-3.329 F .829
-(alues are the same as in the C language.)-.25 F .828(The fol-)5.828 F
-(lo)108 144 Q .439(wing list of operators is grouped into le)-.25 F -.15
-(ve)-.25 G .439(ls of equal-precedence operators.).15 F .44(The le)5.44
-F -.15(ve)-.25 G .44(ls are listed in order).15 F
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+(lo)108 144 Q .44(wing list of operators is grouped into le)-.25 F -.15
+(ve)-.25 G .439(ls of equal-precedence operators.).15 F .439(The le)
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(of decreasing precedence.)108 156 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(id)108
172.8 Q F2(++)A F3(id)2.5 E F2<adad>A F0 -.25(va)144 184.8 S
(riable post-increment and post-decrement).25 E F2 2.5<ad2b>108 196.8 S
(Shell v)108 465.6 R .68(ariables are allo)-.25 F .68
(wed as operands; parameter e)-.25 F .68
(xpansion is performed before the e)-.15 F .68(xpression is e)-.15 F
--.25(va)-.25 G(lu-).25 E 3.507(ated. W)108 477.6 R 1.007(ithin an e)-.4
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(ariables may also be referenced by name without using the parameter)
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.165(hell v)-2.665 F .165(ariable that is null or unset e)-.25 F -.25
(va)-.25 G .165(luates to 0 when referenced by name without us-).25 F
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-(The v)5.42 F .421(alue of a v)-.25 F .421(ariable is e)-.25 F -.25(va)
--.25 G .421(luated as an arithmetic e).25 F .421(xpression when)-.15 F
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+E F0 7.343(.T).68 G 2.343(his is a list of)-7.343 F F2(name)108 242.4 Q
F0<ad>A F2(value)A F0(pairs, of the form)2.5 E F2(name)2.86 E F0(=)A F2
-(value)A F0(.).18 E .439(The shell pro)108 259.2 R .438(vides se)-.15 F
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+(vironment is modi\214ed, the ne)108 307.2 R 2.631(wv)-.25 G .131
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-.15 H(n).15 E/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)2.702 G(RAMETERS).666 E/F5
9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .202(These assignment statements af)4.702 F
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(option is set \(see the)3.31 F F1(set)3.31 E F0 -.2(bu)3.31 G .81
(iltin command belo).2 F .81(w\), then)-.25 F F2(all)3.64 E F0 .81
(parameter assignments are placed in)3.82 F(the en)108 412.8 Q
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-(EXIT ST)72 458.4 Q -1.04(AT)-.986 G(US)1.04 E F0 .15(The e)108 470.4 R
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(uiltins and compound commands are also limited to this range.)-.2 F
-(Under)5.507 E(certain circumstances, the shell will use special v)108
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506.4 Q(alues to indicate speci\214c f)-.25 E(ailure modes.)-.1 E -.15
-(Fo)108 523.2 S 3.373(rt).15 G .873(he shell')-3.373 F 3.373(sp)-.55 G
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-(xit status of)-.15 F .048(zero indicates success.)108 535.2 R 2.548(An)
-5.048 G .049(on-zero e)-2.548 F .049(xit status indicates f)-.15 F 2.549
-(ailure. When)-.1 F 2.549(ac)2.549 G .049(ommand terminates on a f)
--2.549 F .049(atal sig-)-.1 F(nal)108 547.2 Q F2(N)2.5 E F0(,)A F1(bash)
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+(ailure. When)-.1 F 2.549(ac)2.549 G .048(ommand terminates on a f)
+-2.549 F .048(atal sig-)-.1 F(nal)108 547.2 Q F2(N)2.5 E F0(,)A F1(bash)
2.5 E F0(uses the v)2.5 E(alue of 128+)-.25 E F2(N)A F0(as the e)2.5 E
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(If a command is not found, the child process created to e)108 564 R
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-(If a command is)5.404 F(found b)108 576 Q(ut is not e)-.2 E -.15(xe)
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Q(ails because of an error during e)-.1 E
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%%Page: 39 39
%%BeginPageSetup
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--.15(ve s)-.25 H 2.046(hell resends the).15 F F2(SIGHUP)108 165.6 Q F0
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(If the operating system on which)108 112.8 R/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF
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(ontrol-Z\) while a process is running causes that process to be)-2.801
-F 2.143(stopped and returns control to)108 136.8 R F2(bash)4.642 E F0
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148.8 R(to)108 160.8 Q F2(bash)3.392 E F0 5.892(.T)C .892
(he user may then manipulate the state of this job, using the)-5.892 F
(background, the)108 172.8 R F2(fg)2.67 E F0 .17
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(kill)2.67 E F0 .17(command to kill it.)2.67 F(A)5.17 E F2(^Z)2.67 E F0
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108 196.8 Q .777(There are a number of w)108 213.6 R .777
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G .317(utput pertaining to jobs \(e.g., the output of the)-2.817 F F2
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(ying job speci-)-.15 F(\214cation\) also refers to the current job)108
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(Simply naming a job can be used to bring it into the fore)108 350.4 R
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2(mand when the)108 597.6 R F2<ad78>
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(an ASCII bell character \(07\))180 621.6 Q F2(\\d)144 633.6 Q F0
(the date in "W)180 633.6 Q(eekday Month Date" format \(e.g., "T)-.8 E
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(\(3\) and the result is inserted into the prompt string; an)B(empty)180
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(results in a locale-speci\214c time representation.)2.5 E
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Q F0(the hostname)180 705.6 Q F2(\\j)144 717.6 Q F0
(the number of jobs currently managed by the shell)180 717.6 Q
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%%Page: 41 41
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192 Q F0(the v)180 192 Q(ersion of)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0
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F0(be)180 312 Q 1.257(gin a sequence of non-printing characters, which \
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(control sequence into the prompt)180 324 Q F1(\\])144 336 Q F0
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+(end a sequence of non-printing characters)180 336 Q .12
(The command number and the history number are usually dif)108 352.8 R
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-(be-)2.796 E(lo)108 376.8 Q .354(w\), while the command number is the p\
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-(cuted during the current).15 F .823(shell session.)108 388.8 R .822
-(After the string is decoded, it is e)5.823 F .822
-(xpanded via parameter e)-.15 F .822(xpansion, command substitution,)
--.15 F .682(arithmetic e)108 400.8 R .682(xpansion, and quote remo)-.15
-F -.25(va)-.15 G .682(l, subject to the v).25 F .683(alue of the)-.25 F
-F1(pr)3.183 E(omptv)-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 .683(shell option \(see the de-)
-3.183 F 1.198(scription of the)108 412.8 R F1(shopt)3.698 E F0 1.198
-(command under)3.698 F F2 1.197(SHELL B)3.697 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.197
-(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.447 E 3.697(w\). This)-.25 F 1.197
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+(be-)2.797 E(lo)108 376.8 Q .354(w\), while the command number is the p\
+osition in the sequence of commands e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .354
+(cuted during the current).15 F .822(shell session.)108 388.8 R .822
+(After the string is decoded, it is e)5.822 F .822
+(xpanded via parameter e)-.15 F .823(xpansion, command substitution,)
+-.15 F .683(arithmetic e)108 400.8 R .683(xpansion, and quote remo)-.15
+F -.25(va)-.15 G .683(l, subject to the v).25 F .682(alue of the)-.25 F
+F1(pr)3.182 E(omptv)-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 .682(shell option \(see the de-)
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+(can ha)3.698 F 1.498 -.15(ve u)-.2 H(nw).15 E(anted)-.1 E .322(side ef)
108 424.8 R .322(fects if escaped portions of the string appear within \
command substitution or contain characters spe-)-.25 F(cial to w)108
436.8 Q(ord e)-.1 E(xpansion.)-.15 E/F4 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(READLINE)
-72 453.6 Q F0 .151
+72 453.6 Q F0 .15
(This is the library that handles reading input when using an interacti)
-108 465.6 R .45 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .15(hell, unless the).15 F F1
-(\255\255noediting)2.65 E F0(option)2.65 E .384(is gi)108 477.6 R -.15
-(ve)-.25 G 2.884(na).15 G 2.884(ts)-2.884 G .384(hell in)-2.884 F -.2
-(vo)-.4 G 2.884(cation. Line).2 F .384
-(editing is also used when using the)2.884 F F1<ad65>2.885 E F0 .385
-(option to the)2.885 F F1 -.18(re)2.885 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.885 G
-2.885(iltin. By).2 F(de-)2.885 E -.1(fa)108 489.6 S 1.407
+108 465.6 R .451 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .151(hell, unless the).15 F F1
+(\255\255noediting)2.651 E F0(option)2.651 E .385(is gi)108 477.6 R -.15
+(ve)-.25 G 2.885(na).15 G 2.885(ts)-2.885 G .385(hell in)-2.885 F -.2
+(vo)-.4 G 2.885(cation. Line).2 F .385
+(editing is also used when using the)2.885 F F1<ad65>2.884 E F0 .384
+(option to the)2.884 F F1 -.18(re)2.884 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.884 G
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(ult, the line editing commands are similar to those of Emacs.).1 F
-3.906(Av)6.406 G 1.406(i-style line editing interf)-3.906 F 1.406
+3.907(Av)6.407 G 1.407(i-style line editing interf)-3.907 F 1.407
(ace is also)-.1 F -.2(av)108 501.6 S 3.35(ailable. Line)-.05 F .85
(editing can be enabled at an)3.35 F 3.35(yt)-.15 G .85(ime using the)
-3.35 F F1 .85(\255o emacs)3.35 F F0(or)3.35 E F1 .85(\255o vi)3.35 F F0
.85(options to the)3.35 F F1(set)3.35 E F0 -.2(bu)3.35 G(iltin).2 E
-(\(see)108 513.6 Q F2 .763(SHELL B)3.263 F(UIL)-.09 E .763(TIN COMMANDS)
--.828 F F0(belo)3.013 E 3.263(w\). T)-.25 F 3.263(ot)-.8 G .763(urn of)
+(\(see)108 513.6 Q F2 .762(SHELL B)3.262 F(UIL)-.09 E .762(TIN COMMANDS)
+-.828 F F0(belo)3.012 E 3.262(w\). T)-.25 F 3.263(ot)-.8 G .763(urn of)
-3.263 F 3.263(fl)-.25 G .763
-(ine editing after the shell is running, use the)-3.263 F F1(+o)3.262 E
+(ine editing after the shell is running, use the)-3.263 F F1(+o)3.263 E
(emacs)108 525.6 Q F0(or)2.5 E F1(+o vi)2.5 E F0(options to the)2.5 E F1
(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(Readline Notation)87 542.4 Q
F0 .463(In this section, the Emacs-style notation is used to denote k)
108 554.4 R -.15(ey)-.1 G(strok).15 E 2.963(es. Control)-.1 F -.1(ke)
2.963 G .463(ys are denoted by C\255)-.05 F F3 -.1(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0(,)A
-1.153(e.g., C\255n means Control\255N.)108 566.4 R(Similarly)6.153 E(,)
--.65 E F3(meta)4.033 E F0 -.1(ke)3.913 G 1.153(ys are denoted by M\255)
--.05 F F3 -.1(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0 3.652(,s)C 3.652(oM)-3.652 G 1.152
-(\255x means Meta\255X.)-3.652 F(\(On)6.152 E -.1(ke)108 578.4 S .83
-(yboards without a)-.05 F F3(meta)3.71 E F0 -.1(ke)3.59 G 2.13 -.65
-(y, M)-.05 H<ad>.65 E F3(x)A F0 .83(means ESC)3.33 F F3(x)3.33 E F0 3.33
-(,i)C .831(.e., press the Escape k)-3.33 F 1.131 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .831
-(hen the).15 F F3(x)4.101 E F0 -.1(ke)3.861 G 4.631 -.65(y. T)-.05 H
-.831(his mak).65 F(es)-.1 E .6(ESC the)108 590.4 R F3 .6(meta pr)3.1 F
-(e\214x)-.37 E F0 5.6(.T)C .6(he combination M\255C\255)-5.6 F F3(x)A F0
-.599(means ESC\255Control\255)3.099 F F3(x)A F0 3.099(,o)C 3.099(rp)
--3.099 G .599(ress the Escape k)-3.099 F .899 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .599
+1.152(e.g., C\255n means Control\255N.)108 566.4 R(Similarly)6.152 E(,)
+-.65 E F3(meta)4.032 E F0 -.1(ke)3.913 G 1.153(ys are denoted by M\255)
+-.05 F F3 -.1(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0 3.653(,s)C 3.653(oM)-3.653 G 1.153
+(\255x means Meta\255X.)-3.653 F(\(On)6.153 E -.1(ke)108 578.4 S .831
+(yboards without a)-.05 F F3(meta)3.711 E F0 -.1(ke)3.591 G 2.131 -.65
+(y, M)-.05 H<ad>.65 E F3(x)A F0 .831(means ESC)3.331 F F3(x)3.331 E F0
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+(hen the).15 F F3(x)4.1 E F0 -.1(ke)3.86 G 4.63 -.65(y. T)-.05 H .83
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+(rp)-3.099 G .6(ress the Escape k)-3.099 F .9 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .6
(hen hold).15 F(the Control k)108 602.4 Q .3 -.15(ey w)-.1 H
(hile pressing the).15 E F3(x)3.27 E F0 -.1(ke)3.03 G -.65(y.)-.05 G(\))
-.65 E .595(Readline commands may be gi)108 619.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.096
+.65 E .596(Readline commands may be gi)108 619.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.096
(nn).15 G(umeric)-3.096 E F3(ar)3.426 E(guments)-.37 E F0 3.096(,w).27 G
-.596(hich normally act as a repeat count.)-3.096 F(Sometimes,)5.596 E
-(ho)108 631.2 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.419 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.119(ti)
-.4 G 3.119(st)-3.119 G .619(he sign of the ar)-3.119 F .619
+.596(hich normally act as a repeat count.)-3.096 F(Sometimes,)5.595 E
+(ho)108 631.2 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.418 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.118(ti)
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(gument that is signi\214cant.)-.18 F -.15(Pa)5.619 G .619(ssing a ne)
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-(ument to a command that).18 F 1.018(acts in the forw)108 643.2 R 1.018
+(ument to a command that).18 F 1.019(acts in the forw)108 643.2 R 1.018
(ard direction \(e.g.,)-.1 F F1(kill\255line)3.518 E F0 3.518(\)c)C
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-(ard direction.)-.1 F(Com-)6.019 E(mands whose beha)108 655.2 Q
+1.018(auses that command to act in a backw)-3.518 F 1.018
+(ard direction.)-.1 F(Com-)6.018 E(mands whose beha)108 655.2 Q
(vior with ar)-.2 E(guments de)-.18 E(viates from this are noted belo)
--.25 E -.65(w.)-.25 G .812(When a command is described as)108 672 R F3
+-.25 E -.65(w.)-.25 G .811(When a command is described as)108 672 R F3
(killing)3.311 E F0(te)3.311 E .811(xt, the te)-.15 F .811
-(xt deleted is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.311(df).15 G .811
-(or possible future retrie)-3.311 F -.25(va)-.25 G 3.311(l\().25 G F3
-(yank-)-3.311 E(ing)108 684 Q F0 2.529(\). The)B .029(killed te)2.529 F
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+(or possible future retrie)-3.311 F -.25(va)-.25 G 3.312(l\().25 G F3
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(Commands which do not kill te)5.567 F .567
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EP
%%Page: 42 42
%%BeginPageSetup
SF(Readline Initialization)87 84 Q F0 .091(Readline is customized by pu\
tting commands in an initialization \214le \(the)108 96 R/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(inputr)2.591 E(c)-.37 E F0 2.591(\214le\). The)2.591
-F .092(name of this \214le)2.591 F .573(is tak)108 108 R .573
+F .091(name of this \214le)2.591 F .572(is tak)108 108 R .573
(en from the v)-.1 F .573(alue of the)-.25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF
(INPUTRC)3.073 E F0 -.25(va)2.823 G 3.073(riable. If).25 F .573(that v)
3.073 F .573(ariable is unset, the def)-.25 F .573(ault is)-.1 F F2
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--3.072 E 3.061(\214le does)108 120 R .561(not e)3.061 F .562
+(~/.inputr)2.573 E(c)-.37 E F0 5.573(.I).31 G 3.073(ft)-5.573 G(hat)
+-3.073 E 3.062(\214le does)108 120 R .562(not e)3.062 F .562
(xist or cannot be read, the ultimate def)-.15 F .562(ault is)-.1 F F2
-(/etc/inputr)4.212 E(c)-.37 E F0 5.562(.W).31 G .562
-(hen a program which uses the)-5.562 F .175(readline library starts up,\
- the initialization \214le is read, and the k)108 132 R .474 -.15(ey b)
--.1 H .174(indings and v).15 F .174(ariables are set.)-.25 F .174
-(There are)5.174 F .238(only a fe)108 144 R 2.738(wb)-.25 G .238
-(asic constructs allo)-2.738 F .239
-(wed in the readline initialization \214le.)-.25 F .239
-(Blank lines are ignored.)5.239 F .239(Lines be)5.239 F(gin-)-.15 E .554
-(ning with a)108 156 R F1(#)3.054 E F0 .554(are comments.)3.054 F .554
+(/etc/inputr)4.212 E(c)-.37 E F0 5.561(.W).31 G .561
+(hen a program which uses the)-5.561 F .174(readline library starts up,\
+ the initialization \214le is read, and the k)108 132 R .475 -.15(ey b)
+-.1 H .175(indings and v).15 F .175(ariables are set.)-.25 F .175
+(There are)5.175 F .239(only a fe)108 144 R 2.739(wb)-.25 G .239
+(asic constructs allo)-2.739 F .239
+(wed in the readline initialization \214le.)-.25 F .238
+(Blank lines are ignored.)5.239 F .238(Lines be)5.238 F(gin-)-.15 E .553
+(ning with a)108 156 R F1(#)3.053 E F0 .554(are comments.)3.053 F .554
(Lines be)5.554 F .554(ginning with a)-.15 F F1($)3.054 E F0 .554
-(indicate conditional constructs.)3.054 F .553(Other lines denote)5.553
+(indicate conditional constructs.)3.054 F .554(Other lines denote)5.554
F -.1(ke)108 168 S 2.5(yb)-.05 G(indings and v)-2.5 E(ariable settings.)
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+-.25 E .987(The def)108 184.8 R .987(ault k)-.1 F -.15(ey)-.1 G .987
(-bindings may be changed with an).15 F F2(inputr)3.497 E(c)-.37 E F0
3.487(\214le. Other)3.797 F .987(programs that use this library may)
3.487 F(add their o)108 196.8 Q(wn commands and bindings.)-.25 E -.15
-.25 G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E(into the)108 266.4 Q F2(inputr)
2.51 E(c)-.37 E F0 -.1(wo)2.81 G(uld mak).1 E 2.5(eM)-.1 G(\255C\255u e)
-2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cute the readline command).15 E F2(univer)2.58 E
-(sal\255ar)-.1 E(gument)-.37 E F0(.).68 E 1.011(The follo)108 283.2 R
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1.011(wing symbolic character names are recognized:)-.25 F F2 -.4(RU)
3.511 G(BOUT).4 E F0(,)1.27 E F2(DEL)4.091 E F0(,).53 E F2(ESC)4.021 E
-F0(,).72 E F2(LFD)4.091 E F0(,).28 E F2(NEWLINE)4.21 E F0(,).73 E F2
-(RET)4.14 E F0(,)1.27 E F2(RETURN)108.63 295.2 Q F0(,)1.1 E F2(SPC)2.83
+F0(,).72 E F2(LFD)4.091 E F0(,).28 E F2(NEWLINE)4.211 E F0(,).73 E F2
+(RET)4.141 E F0(,)1.27 E F2(RETURN)108.63 295.2 Q F0(,)1.1 E F2(SPC)2.83
E F0(,).72 E F2(SP)2.83 E -.3(AC)-.9 G(E).3 E F0 2.5(,a).73 G(nd)-2.5 E
F2 -.5(TA)2.5 G(B).5 E F0(.).27 E .209
(In addition to command names, readline allo)108 312 R .209(ws k)-.25 F
(The syntax for controlling k)108 352.8 R .666 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .366
(indings in the).15 F F2(inputr)2.876 E(c)-.37 E F0 .366
(\214le is simple.)3.176 F .366(All that is required is the name of the)
-5.366 F .263(command or the te)108 364.8 R .264(xt of a macro and a k)
+5.366 F .264(command or the te)108 364.8 R .264(xt of a macro and a k)
-.15 F .564 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .264(equence to which it should be bound.)
-.15 F .264(The name may be speci-)5.264 F .139(\214ed in one of tw)108
+.15 F .263(The name may be speci-)5.264 F .138(\214ed in one of tw)108
376.8 R 2.638(ow)-.1 G .138(ays: as a symbolic k)-2.738 F .438 -.15
(ey n)-.1 H .138(ame, possibly with).15 F F2(Meta\255)2.638 E F0(or)
2.638 E F2(Contr)2.638 E(ol\255)-.45 E F0(pre\214x)2.638 E .138
-(es, or as a k)-.15 F .438 -.15(ey s)-.1 H(e-).15 E(quence.)108 388.8 Q
-.16(When using the form)108 405.6 R F1 -.1(ke)2.66 G(yname).1 E F0(:)A
-F2(function\255name).833 E F0(or)2.66 E F2(macr)2.66 E(o)-.45 E F0(,)A
-F2 -.1(ke)2.66 G(yname)-.2 E F0 .161(is the name of a k)2.84 F .461 -.15
-(ey s)-.1 H .161(pelled out in Eng-).15 F 2.5(lish. F)108 417.6 R(or e)
+(es, or as a k)-.15 F .439 -.15(ey s)-.1 H(e-).15 E(quence.)108 388.8 Q
+.161(When using the form)108 405.6 R F1 -.1(ke)2.661 G(yname).1 E F0(:)A
+F2(function\255name).833 E F0(or)2.661 E F2(macr)2.661 E(o)-.45 E F0(,)A
+F2 -.1(ke)2.661 G(yname)-.2 E F0 .16(is the name of a k)2.84 F .46 -.15
+(ey s)-.1 H .16(pelled out in Eng-).15 F 2.5(lish. F)108 417.6 R(or e)
-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E(Control-u: uni)144 441.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E(Meta-Rubout: backw)144 453.6 Q
-(ard-kill-w)-.1 E(ord)-.1 E(Control-o: "> output")144 465.6 Q .699
+(ard-kill-w)-.1 E(ord)-.1 E(Control-o: "> output")144 465.6 Q .698
(In the abo)108 482.4 R .998 -.15(ve ex)-.15 H(ample,).15 E F2(C\255u)
3.038 E F0 .698(is bound to the function)3.448 F F1(uni)3.198 E -.1(ve)
-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(,)A F2(M\255DEL)3.878 E F0 .698
(is bound to the func-)3.728 F(tion)108 494.4 Q F1
-(backward\255kill\255w)2.758 E(ord)-.1 E F0 2.758(,a)C(nd)-2.758 E F2
-(C\255o)2.598 E F0 .258(is bound to run the macro e)2.938 F .259
+(backward\255kill\255w)2.759 E(ord)-.1 E F0 2.759(,a)C(nd)-2.759 E F2
+(C\255o)2.599 E F0 .258(is bound to run the macro e)2.939 F .258
(xpressed on the right hand side \(that is, to)-.15 F(insert the te)108
506.4 Q(xt)-.15 E/F4 10/Courier@0 SF 6(>o)2.5 G(utput)-6 E F0
-(into the line\).)2.5 E .056(In the second form,)108 523.2 R F1("k)2.556
-E(eyseq")-.1 E F0(:)A F2(function\255name).833 E F0(or)2.556 E F2(macr)
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-(fers from)-.25 F F1 -.1(ke)2.555 G(yname).1 E F0(abo)2.555 E .355 -.15
-(ve i)-.15 H 2.555(nt).15 G .055(hat strings)-2.555 F 1.284
+(into the line\).)2.5 E .055(In the second form,)108 523.2 R F1("k)2.555
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+(fers from)-.25 F F1 -.1(ke)2.556 G(yname).1 E F0(abo)2.556 E .356 -.15
+(ve i)-.15 H 2.556(nt).15 G .056(hat strings)-2.556 F 1.284
(denoting an entire k)108 535.2 R 1.584 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 1.284(equence m\
ay be speci\214ed by placing the sequence within double quotes.).15 F
-(Some)6.284 E .386(GNU Emacs style k)108 547.2 R .686 -.15(ey e)-.1 H
-.385(scapes can be used, as in the follo).15 F .385(wing e)-.25 F .385
-(xample, b)-.15 F .385(ut the symbolic character names)-.2 F
+(Some)6.284 E .385(GNU Emacs style k)108 547.2 R .685 -.15(ey e)-.1 H
+.385(scapes can be used, as in the follo).15 F .385(wing e)-.25 F .386
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(are not recognized.)108 559.2 Q("\\C\255u": uni)144 583.2 Q -.15(ve)
-.25 G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E
("\\C\255x\\C\255r": re\255read\255init\255\214le)144 595.2 Q
-("\\e[11~": "Function K)144 607.2 Q .3 -.15(ey 1)-.25 H(").15 E .314
-(In this e)108 624 R(xample,)-.15 E F2(C\255u)2.654 E F0 .314(is ag)
-3.064 F .315(ain bound to the function)-.05 F F1(uni)2.815 E -.1(ve)-.1
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+(In this e)108 624 R(xample,)-.15 E F2(C\255u)2.655 E F0 .315(is ag)
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G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(.)A F2 .315(C\255x C\255r)5.155 F F0
-.31
5(is bound to the func-)3.545 F(tion)108 636 Q F1 -.18(re)2.5 G<ad72>
+.31
4(is bound to the func-)3.544 F(tion)108 636 Q F1 -.18(re)2.5 G<ad72>
.18 E(ead\255init\255\214le)-.18 E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd)-2.5 E F2(ESC [ 1 1 ~)
3.01 E F0(is bound to insert the te)3.94 E(xt)-.15 E F4(Function Key 1)
2.5 E F0(.)A(The full set of GNU Emacs style escape sequences is)108
144 676.8 Q F0(meta pre\214x)180 676.8 Q F1(\\e)144 688.8 Q F0
(an escape character)180 688.8 Q F1(\\\\)144 700.8 Q F0(backslash)180
700.8 Q F1(\\")144 712.8 Q F0(literal ")180 712.8 Q(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768
-Q(2022 May 2)150.675 E(42)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
+Q(2022 June 3)150.675 E(42)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 43 43
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
(alue)-.25 E F2(nnn)2.5 E F0(\(one to three digits\))2.5 E F1(\\x)144
220.8 Q F2(HH)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)180 220.8 Q
(alue is the he)-.25 E(xadecimal v)-.15 E(alue)-.25 E F2(HH)2.5 E F0
-(\(one or tw)2.5 E 2.5(oh)-.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E 1.142
+(\(one or tw)2.5 E 2.5(oh)-.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E 1.141
(When entering the te)108 237.6 R 1.141(xt of a macro, single or double\
- quotes must be used to indicate a macro de\214nition.)-.15 F .089
-(Unquoted te)108 249.6 R .089(xt is assumed to be a function name.)-.15
-F .09(In the macro body)5.089 F 2.59(,t)-.65 G .09
-(he backslash escapes described abo)-2.59 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(are e)108
+ quotes must be used to indicate a macro de\214nition.)-.15 F .09
+(Unquoted te)108 249.6 R .09(xt is assumed to be a function name.)-.15 F
+.089(In the macro body)5.089 F 2.589(,t)-.65 G .089
+(he backslash escapes described abo)-2.589 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(are e)108
261.6 Q 2.5(xpanded. Backslash)-.15 F(will quote an)2.5 E 2.5(yo)-.15 G
(ther character in the macro te)-2.5 E(xt, including " and \010.)-.15 E
-F1(Bash)108 278.4 Q F0(allo)2.93 E .43(ws the current readline k)-.25 F
-.73 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .429(indings to be displayed or modi\214ed with the)
-.15 F F1(bind)2.929 E F0 -.2(bu)2.929 G .429(iltin command.).2 F .045
-(The editing mode may be switched during interacti)108 290.4 R .345 -.15
-(ve u)-.25 H .046(se by using the).15 F F1<ad6f>2.546 E F0 .046
-(option to the)2.546 F F1(set)2.546 E F0 -.2(bu)2.546 G .046
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+(indings to be displayed or modi\214ed with the).15 F F1(bind)2.93 E F0
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+(The editing mode may be switched during interacti)108 290.4 R .346 -.15
+(ve u)-.25 H .046(se by using the).15 F F1<ad6f>2.545 E F0 .045
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(iltin command).2 F(\(see)108 302.4 Q/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)2.5 E
(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1
-(Readline V)87 319.2 Q(ariables)-.92 E F0 .044(Readline has v)108 331.2
+(Readline V)87 319.2 Q(ariables)-.92 E F0 .043(Readline has v)108 331.2
R .043(ariables that can be used to further customize its beha)-.25 F
(vior)-.2 E 5.043(.A)-.55 G -.25(va)-2.5 G .043
-(riable may be set in the).25 F F2(inpu-)2.553 E(tr)108 343.2 Q(c)-.37 E
+(riable may be set in the).25 F F2(inpu-)2.554 E(tr)108 343.2 Q(c)-.37 E
F0(\214le with a statement of the form)2.81 E F1(set)144 360 Q F2
(variable\255name value)2.5 E F0(or using the)108 372 Q F1(bind)2.5 E F0
-.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command \(see).2 E F3(SHELL B)2.5 E(UIL)-.09 E
(Except where noted, readline v)108 388.8 R .79(ariables can tak)-.25 F
3.29(et)-.1 G .79(he v)-3.29 F(alues)-.25 E F1(On)3.29 E F0(or)3.29 E F1
(Off)3.29 E F0 .79(\(without re)3.29 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .79(rd to case\).)
-.05 F(Unrecog-)5.79 E .449(nized v)108 400.8 R .448
+.05 F(Unrecog-)5.79 E .448(nized v)108 400.8 R .448
(ariable names are ignored.)-.25 F .448(When a v)5.448 F .448(ariable v)
--.25 F .448(alue is read, empty or null v)-.25 F .448
-(alues, "on" \(case-insensi-)-.25 F(ti)108 412.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .467
+-.25 F .448(alue is read, empty or null v)-.25 F .449
+(alues, "on" \(case-insensi-)-.25 F(ti)108 412.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .468
(\), and "1" are equi).15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .468(lent to).25 F F1(On)
2.968 E F0 5.468(.A)C .468(ll other v)-5.468 F .468(alues are equi)-.25
-F -.25(va)-.25 G .468(lent to).25 F F1(Off)2.968 E F0 5.468(.T)C .468
-(he v)-5.468 F .468(ariables and their def)-.25 F(ault)-.1 E -.25(va)108
+F -.25(va)-.25 G .468(lent to).25 F F1(Off)2.968 E F0 5.468(.T)C .467
+(he v)-5.468 F .467(ariables and their def)-.25 F(ault)-.1 E -.25(va)108
424.8 S(lues are:).25 E F1(acti)108 441.6 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G<ad72>.1 E
-(egion\255start\255color)-.18 E F0 2.73(As)144 453.6 S .23(tring v)-2.73
-F .23(ariable that controls the te)-.25 F .229
-(xt color and background when displaying the te)-.15 F .229
-(xt in the acti)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(re)144 465.6 Q 1.526
+(egion\255start\255color)-.18 E F0 2.729(As)144 453.6 S .229(tring v)
+-2.729 F .229(ariable that controls the te)-.25 F .229
+(xt color and background when displaying the te)-.15 F .23
+(xt in the acti)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(re)144 465.6 Q 1.527
(gion \(see the description of)-.15 F F1(enable\255acti)4.026 E -.1(ve)
-.1 G<ad72>.1 E(egion)-.18 E F0(belo)4.026 E 4.026(w\). This)-.25 F
-1.526(string must not tak)4.026 F 4.027(eu)-.1 G 4.027(pa)-4.027 G -.15
-(ny)-4.027 G(ph)144 477.6 Q .284
-(ysical character positions on the display)-.05 F 2.784(,s)-.65 G 2.784
-(oi)-2.784 G 2.784(ts)-2.784 G .283
+1.526(string must not tak)4.026 F 4.026(eu)-.1 G 4.026(pa)-4.026 G -.15
+(ny)-4.026 G(ph)144 477.6 Q .283
+(ysical character positions on the display)-.05 F 2.783(,s)-.65 G 2.784
+(oi)-2.783 G 2.784(ts)-2.784 G .284
(hould consist only of terminal escape sequences.)-2.784 F .45
(It is output to the terminal before displaying the te)144 489.6 R .45
(xt in the acti)-.15 F .75 -.15(ve r)-.25 H -.15(eg).15 G 2.95
-(ion. This).15 F -.25(va)2.95 G .45(riable is reset to).25 F .379
-(the def)144 501.6 R .379(ault v)-.1 F .379(alue whene)-.25 F -.15(ve)
--.25 G 2.879(rt).15 G .379(he terminal type changes.)-2.879 F .379
-(The def)5.379 F .379(ault v)-.1 F .378
-(alue is the string that puts the)-.25 F .654
+(ion. This).15 F -.25(va)2.95 G .45(riable is reset to).25 F .378
+(the def)144 501.6 R .378(ault v)-.1 F .378(alue whene)-.25 F -.15(ve)
+-.25 G 2.878(rt).15 G .379(he terminal type changes.)-2.878 F .379
+(The def)5.379 F .379(ault v)-.1 F .379
+(alue is the string that puts the)-.25 F .655
(terminal in standout mode, as obtained from the terminal')144 513.6 R
-3.155(st)-.55 G .655(erminfo description.)-3.155 F 3.155(As)5.655 G .655
-(ample v)-3.155 F(alue)-.25 E(might be)144 525.6 Q/F4 10/Courier@0 SF
+3.154(st)-.55 G .654(erminfo description.)-3.154 F 3.154(As)5.654 G .654
+(ample v)-3.154 F(alue)-.25 E(might be)144 525.6 Q/F4 10/Courier@0 SF
("\\e[01;33m")2.5 E F0(.)A F1(acti)108 537.6 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G<ad72>.1 E
-(egion\255end\255color)-.18 E F0 3.909(As)144 549.6 S 1.409(tring v)
--3.909 F 1.408(ariable that "undoes" the ef)-.25 F 1.408(fects of)-.25 F
+(egion\255end\255color)-.18 E F0 3.908(As)144 549.6 S 1.408(tring v)
+-3.908 F 1.408(ariable that "undoes" the ef)-.25 F 1.408(fects of)-.25 F
F1(acti)3.908 E -.1(ve)-.1 G<ad72>.1 E(egion\255start\255color)-.18 E F0
-1.408(and restores "normal")3.908 F .216
+1.409(and restores "normal")3.908 F .216
(terminal display appearance after displaying te)144 561.6 R .216
(xt in the acti)-.15 F .516 -.15(ve r)-.25 H -.15(eg).15 G 2.716
(ion. This).15 F .216(string must not tak)2.716 F 2.716(eu)-.1 G(p)
--2.716 E(an)144 573.6 Q 3.738(yp)-.15 G -.05(hy)-3.738 G 1.238
+-2.716 E(an)144 573.6 Q 3.737(yp)-.15 G -.05(hy)-3.737 G 1.237
(sical character positions on the display).05 F 3.737(,s)-.65 G 3.737
-(oi)-3.737 G 3.737(ts)-3.737 G 1.237
-(hould consist only of terminal escape se-)-3.737 F 2.927(quences. It)
-144 585.6 R .427(is output to the terminal after displaying the te)2.927
-F .428(xt in the acti)-.15 F .728 -.15(ve r)-.25 H -.15(eg).15 G 2.928
-(ion. This).15 F -.25(va)2.928 G .428(riable is).25 F .519
+(oi)-3.737 G 3.737(ts)-3.737 G 1.238
+(hould consist only of terminal escape se-)-3.737 F 2.928(quences. It)
+144 585.6 R .428(is output to the terminal after displaying the te)2.928
+F .427(xt in the acti)-.15 F .727 -.15(ve r)-.25 H -.15(eg).15 G 2.927
+(ion. This).15 F -.25(va)2.927 G .427(riable is).25 F .518
(reset to the def)144 597.6 R .518(ault v)-.1 F .518(alue whene)-.25 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.018(rt).15 G .518(he terminal type changes.)-3.018 F
.518(The def)5.518 F .518(ault v)-.1 F .518(alue is the string that)-.25
-F .251(restores the terminal from standout mode, as obtained from the t\
-erminal')144 609.6 R 2.752(st)-.55 G .252(erminfo description.)-2.752 F
-(A)5.252 E(sample v)144 621.6 Q(alue might be)-.25 E F4("\\e[0m")2.5 E
-F0(.)A F1(bell\255style \(audible\))108 633.6 Q F0 .011
+F .252(restores the terminal from standout mode, as obtained from the t\
+erminal')144 609.6 R 2.751(st)-.55 G .251(erminfo description.)-2.751 F
+(A)5.251 E(sample v)144 621.6 Q(alue might be)-.25 E F4("\\e[0m")2.5 E
+F0(.)A F1(bell\255style \(audible\))108 633.6 Q F0 .01
(Controls what happens when readline w)144 645.6 R .011
-(ants to ring the terminal bell.)-.1 F .01(If set to)5.01 F F1(none)2.51
-E F0 2.51(,r)C .01(eadline ne)-2.51 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E .94
-(rings the bell.)144 657.6 R .94(If set to)5.94 F F1(visible)3.44 E F0
-3.44(,r)C .94(eadline uses a visible bell if one is a)-3.44 F -.25(va)
--.2 G 3.44(ilable. If).25 F .94(set to)3.44 F F1(audible)3.44 E F0(,)A
-(readline attempts to ring the terminal')144 669.6 Q 2.5(sb)-.55 G(ell.)
--2.5 E F1(bind\255tty\255special\255chars \(On\))108 681.6 Q F0 .056
-(If set to)144 693.6 R F1(On)2.556 E F0 2.556(,r)C .056(eadline attempt\
-s to bind the control characters treated specially by the k)-2.556 F
-(ernel')-.1 E 2.555(st)-.55 G(ermi-)-2.555 E(nal dri)144 705.6 Q -.15
+(ants to ring the terminal bell.)-.1 F .011(If set to)5.011 F F1(none)
+2.511 E F0 2.511(,r)C .011(eadline ne)-2.511 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E
+.94(rings the bell.)144 657.6 R .94(If set to)5.94 F F1(visible)3.44 E
+F0 3.44(,r)C .94(eadline uses a visible bell if one is a)-3.44 F -.25
+(va)-.2 G 3.44(ilable. If).25 F .94(set to)3.44 F F1(audible)3.44 E F0
+(,)A(readline attempts to ring the terminal')144 669.6 Q 2.5(sb)-.55 G
+(ell.)-2.5 E F1(bind\255tty\255special\255chars \(On\))108 681.6 Q F0
+.055(If set to)144 693.6 R F1(On)2.555 E F0 2.555(,r)C .056(eadline att\
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+(ernel')-.1 E 2.556(st)-.55 G(ermi-)-2.556 E(nal dri)144 705.6 Q -.15
(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rt).15 G 2.5(ot)-2.5 G(heir readline equi)-2.5 E -.25(va)
--.25 G(lents.).25 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 May 2)150.675 E(43)
+-.25 G(lents.).25 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 June 3)150.675 E(43)
199.835 E 0 Cg EP
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%%BeginPageSetup
(parenthesis is inserted.)144 108 Q F1(color)108 120 Q
(ed\255completion\255pr)-.18 E(e\214x \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .515(If set to)
144 132 R F1(On)3.015 E F0 3.015(,w)C .515(hen listing completions, rea\
-dline displays the common pre\214x of the set of possible)-3.015 F 2.935
-(completions using a dif)144 144 R 2.935(ferent color)-.25 F 7.936(.T)
--.55 G 2.936(he color de\214nitions are tak)-7.936 F 2.936
-(en from the v)-.1 F 2.936(alue of the)-.25 F F1(LS_COLORS)144 156 Q F0
-(en)3.077 E .577(vironment v)-.4 F 3.077(ariable. If)-.25 F .577
+dline displays the common pre\214x of the set of possible)-3.015 F 2.936
+(completions using a dif)144 144 R 2.936(ferent color)-.25 F 7.936(.T)
+-.55 G 2.936(he color de\214nitions are tak)-7.936 F 2.935
+(en from the v)-.1 F 2.935(alue of the)-.25 F F1(LS_COLORS)144 156 Q F0
+(en)3.076 E .577(vironment v)-.4 F 3.077(ariable. If)-.25 F .577
(there is a color de\214nition in)3.077 F F1($LS_COLORS)3.077 E F0 .577
-(for the cus-)3.077 F .134(tom suf)144 168 R .135(\214x "readline-color\
+(for the cus-)3.077 F .135(tom suf)144 168 R .135(\214x "readline-color\
ed-completion-pre\214x", readline uses this color for the common pre\
\214x in-)-.25 F(stead of its def)144 180 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(color)108 192
-Q(ed\255stats \(Off\))-.18 E F0 1.58(If set to)144 204 R F1(On)4.08 E F0
-4.08(,r)C 1.579(eadline displays possible completions using dif)-4.08 F
-1.579(ferent colors to indicate their \214le)-.25 F 2.5(type. The)144
-216 R(color de\214nitions are tak)2.5 E(en from the v)-.1 E(alue of the)
--.25 E F1(LS_COLORS)2.5 E F0(en)2.5 E(vironment v)-.4 E(ariable.)-.25 E
-F1(comment\255begin \(`)108 228 Q(`#')-.63 E('\))-.63 E F0 .884
-(The string that is inserted when the readline)144 240 R F1
-(insert\255comment)3.385 E F0 .885(command is e)3.385 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
-3.385(cuted. This).15 F(com-)3.385 E(mand is bound to)144 252 Q F1
+Q(ed\255stats \(Off\))-.18 E F0 1.579(If set to)144 204 R F1(On)4.079 E
+F0 4.079(,r)C 1.579(eadline displays possible completions using dif)
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+(type. The)144 216 R(color de\214nitions are tak)2.5 E(en from the v)-.1
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+(ariable.)-.25 E F1(comment\255begin \(`)108 228 Q(`#')-.63 E('\))-.63 E
+F0 .885(The string that is inserted when the readline)144 240 R F1
+(insert\255comment)3.385 E F0 .884(command is e)3.384 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
+3.384(cuted. This).15 F(com-)3.384 E(mand is bound to)144 252 Q F1
(M\255#)2.5 E F0(in emacs mode and to)2.5 E F1(#)2.5 E F0
(in vi command mode.)2.5 E F1(completion\255display\255width \(\2551\))
108 264 Q F0 1.453(The number of screen columns used to display possibl\
-e matches when performing completion.)144 276 R .193(The v)144 288 R
+e matches when performing completion.)144 276 R .194(The v)144 288 R
.193(alue is ignored if it is less than 0 or greater than the terminal \
-screen width.)-.25 F 2.694(Av)5.194 G .194(alue of 0 will)-2.944 F
+screen width.)-.25 F 2.693(Av)5.193 G .193(alue of 0 will)-2.943 F
(cause matches to be displayed one per line.)144 300 Q(The def)5 E
(ault v)-.1 E(alue is \2551.)-.25 E F1(completion\255ignor)108 312 Q
(e\255case \(Off\))-.18 E F0(If set to)144 324 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,r)C
(eadline performs \214lename matching and completion in a case\255insen\
siti)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve f)-.25 H(ashion.).05 E F1
-(completion\255map\255case \(Off\))108 336 Q F0 .094(If set to)144 348 R
+(completion\255map\255case \(Off\))108 336 Q F0 .093(If set to)144 348 R
F1(On)2.593 E F0 2.593(,a)C(nd)-2.593 E F1(completion\255ignor)2.593 E
(e\255case)-.18 E F0 .093(is enabled, readline treats h)2.593 F .093
-(yphens \()-.05 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF<ad>A F0 2.593(\)a)C .093
+(yphens \()-.05 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF<ad>A F0 2.593(\)a)C .094
(nd underscores)-2.593 F(\()144 360 Q F2(_)A F0 2.5(\)a)C 2.5(se)-2.5 G
(qui)-2.5 E -.25(va)-.25 G(lent when performing case\255insensiti).25 E
.3 -.15(ve \214)-.25 H(lename matching and completion.).15 E F1
(completion\255pr)108 372 Q(e\214x\255display\255length \(0\))-.18 E F0
.829(The length in characters of the common pre\214x of a list of possi\
-ble completions that is displayed)144 384 R 1.275
-(without modi\214cation.)144 396 R 1.275(When set to a v)6.275 F 1.274
-(alue greater than zero, common pre\214x)-.25 F 1.274
+ble completions that is displayed)144 384 R 1.274
+(without modi\214cation.)144 396 R 1.274(When set to a v)6.274 F 1.274
+(alue greater than zero, common pre\214x)-.25 F 1.275
(es longer than this)-.15 F -.25(va)144 408 S(lue are replaced with an \
ellipsis when displaying possible completions.).25 E F1
-(completion\255query\255items \(100\))108 420 Q F0 .529
-(This determines when the user is queried about vie)144 432 R .53
-(wing the number of possible completions gen-)-.25 F .561(erated by the)
-144 444 R F1(possible\255completions)3.061 E F0 3.061(command. It)3.061
-F .561(may be set to an)3.061 F 3.06(yi)-.15 G(nte)-3.06 E .56(ger v)
--.15 F .56(alue greater than or)-.25 F .782(equal to zero.)144 456 R
+(completion\255query\255items \(100\))108 420 Q F0 .53
+(This determines when the user is queried about vie)144 432 R .529
+(wing the number of possible completions gen-)-.25 F .56(erated by the)
+144 444 R F1(possible\255completions)3.06 E F0 3.06(command. It)3.06 F
+.561(may be set to an)3.061 F 3.061(yi)-.15 G(nte)-3.061 E .561(ger v)
+-.15 F .561(alue greater than or)-.25 F .783(equal to zero.)144 456 R
.783(If the number of possible completions is greater than or equal to \
-the v)5.782 F .783(alue of this)-.25 F -.25(va)144 468 S .368
+the v)5.783 F .782(alue of this)-.25 F -.25(va)144 468 S .367
(riable, readline will ask whether or not the user wishes to vie).25 F
-2.867(wt)-.25 G .367(hem; otherwise the)-2.867 F 2.867(ya)-.15 G .367
-(re simply)-2.867 F .672(listed on the terminal.)144 480 R 3.172(Az)
-5.672 G .673(ero v)-3.172 F .673(alue means readline should ne)-.25 F
--.15(ve)-.25 G 3.173(ra).15 G .673(sk; ne)-3.173 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05
-E .973 -.15(ve v)-.25 H .673(alues are treated)-.1 F(as zero.)144 492 Q
-F1(con)108 504 Q -.1(ve)-.4 G(rt\255meta \(On\)).1 E F0 .613(If set to)
-144 516 R F1(On)3.113 E F0 3.113(,r)C .613(eadline will con)-3.113 F
+2.868(wt)-.25 G .368(hem; otherwise the)-2.868 F 2.868(ya)-.15 G .368
+(re simply)-2.868 F .673(listed on the terminal.)144 480 R 3.173(Az)
+5.673 G .673(ero v)-3.173 F .673(alue means readline should ne)-.25 F
+-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.172(ra).15 G .672(sk; ne)-3.172 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05
+E .972 -.15(ve v)-.25 H .672(alues are treated)-.1 F(as zero.)144 492 Q
+F1(con)108 504 Q -.1(ve)-.4 G(rt\255meta \(On\)).1 E F0 .612(If set to)
+144 516 R F1(On)3.112 E F0 3.112(,r)C .613(eadline will con)-3.112 F
-.15(ve)-.4 G .613(rt characters with the eighth bit set to an ASCII k)
-.15 F .912 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .612(equence by).15 F .541
+.15 F .913 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .613(equence by).15 F .541
(stripping the eighth bit and pre\214xing an escape character \(in ef)
-144 528 R .541(fect, using escape as the)-.25 F F2 .542(meta pr)3.042 F
+144 528 R .541(fect, using escape as the)-.25 F F2 .541(meta pr)3.041 F
(e-)-.37 E<8c78>144 540 Q F0 2.5(\). The)B(def)2.5 E(ault is)-.1 E F2
(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut readline will set it to)-2.7 E F2(Of)2.5 E(f)
-.18 E F0(if the locale contains eight-bit characters.)2.5 E F1
(ord completion.)-.1 F .038
(Completion characters will be inserted into the)5.038 F(line as if the)
144 576 Q 2.5(yh)-.15 G(ad been mapped to)-2.5 E F1(self-insert)2.5 E F0
-(.)A F1(echo\255contr)108 588 Q(ol\255characters \(On\))-.18 E F0 1.21
-(When set to)144 600 R F1(On)3.71 E F0 3.71(,o)C 3.71(no)-3.71 G 1.211
-(perating systems that indicate the)-3.71 F 3.711(ys)-.15 G 1.211
+(.)A F1(echo\255contr)108 588 Q(ol\255characters \(On\))-.18 E F0 1.211
+(When set to)144 600 R F1(On)3.711 E F0 3.711(,o)C 3.711(no)-3.711 G
+1.211(perating systems that indicate the)-3.711 F 3.711(ys)-.15 G 1.21
(upport it, readline echoes a character)-3.711 F
(corresponding to a signal generated from the k)144 612 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G
-(board.).15 E F1(editing\255mode \(emacs\))108 624 Q F0 .142
+(board.).15 E F1(editing\255mode \(emacs\))108 624 Q F0 .141
(Controls whether readline be)144 636 R .141(gins with a set of k)-.15 F
-.441 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .141(indings similar to).15 F F2(Emacs)2.641 E F0
-(or)2.641 E F2(vi)2.641 E F0(.)A F1(editing\255mode)5.141 E F0
+.441 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .141(indings similar to).15 F F2(Emacs)2.642 E F0
+(or)2.642 E F2(vi)2.642 E F0(.)A F1(editing\255mode)5.142 E F0
(can be set to either)144 648 Q F1(emacs)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1(vi)2.5 E
-F0(.)A F1(emacs\255mode\255string \(@\))108 660 Q F0 .517(If the)144 672
-R F2(show\255mode\255in\255pr)3.017 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 -.25(va)3.017 G
-.518(riable is enabled, this string is displayed immediately before the)
+F0(.)A F1(emacs\255mode\255string \(@\))108 660 Q F0 .518(If the)144 672
+R F2(show\255mode\255in\255pr)3.018 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 -.25(va)3.018 G
+.517(riable is enabled, this string is displayed immediately before the)
.25 F .622
(last line of the primary prompt when emacs editing mode is acti)144 684
-R -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.622(.T).15 G .622(he v)-5.622 F .621(alue is e)-.25 F
-.621(xpanded lik)-.15 F 3.121(ea)-.1 G -.1(ke)144 696 S 3.339(yb)-.05 G
-.839(inding, so the standard set of meta- and control pre\214x)-3.339 F
-.84(es and backslash escape sequences is)-.15 F -.2(av)144 708 S 2.798
+R -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.622(.T).15 G .622(he v)-5.622 F .622(alue is e)-.25 F
+.622(xpanded lik)-.15 F 3.122(ea)-.1 G -.1(ke)144 696 S 3.34(yb)-.05 G
+.839(inding, so the standard set of meta- and control pre\214x)-3.34 F
+.839(es and backslash escape sequences is)-.15 F -.2(av)144 708 S 2.798
(ailable. Use)-.05 F .298(the \\1 and \\2 escapes to be)2.798 F .298
(gin and end sequences of non-printing characters, which)-.15 F
(can be used to embed a terminal control sequence into the mode string.)
-144 720 Q(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 May 2)150.675 E(44)199.835 E 0 Cg
+144 720 Q(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 June 3)150.675 E(44)199.835 E 0 Cg
EP
%%Page: 45 45
%%BeginPageSetup
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
SF(enable\255acti)108 84 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G<ad72>.1 E(egion \(On\))-.18 E F0
-(The)144 96 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(point)3.245 E F0 .746
-(is the current cursor position, and)3.245 F F2(mark)3.246 E F0 .746
+(The)144 96 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(point)3.246 E F0 .746
+(is the current cursor position, and)3.246 F F2(mark)3.246 E F0 .746
(refers to a sa)3.246 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.246(dc).15 G .746
-(ursor position.)-3.246 F .746(The te)5.746 F .746(xt be-)-.15 F .344
+(ursor position.)-3.246 F .745(The te)5.746 F .745(xt be-)-.15 F .344
(tween the point and mark is referred to as the)144 108 R F2 -.37(re)
2.844 G(gion)-.03 E F0 5.344(.W)C .344(hen this v)-5.344 F .344
-(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(On)2.844 E F0 2.844(,r)C .344(eadline al-)
--2.844 F(lo)144 120 Q .098(ws certain commands to designate the re)-.25
+(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(On)2.845 E F0 2.845(,r)C .345(eadline al-)
+-2.845 F(lo)144 120 Q .098(ws certain commands to designate the re)-.25
F .098(gion as)-.15 F F2(active)2.598 E F0 5.098(.W)C .098(hen the re)
-5.098 F .098(gion is acti)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.598(,r).15 G .098
-(eadline high-)-2.598 F .971(lights the te)144 132 R .971(xt in the re)
--.15 F .971(gion using the v)-.15 F .971(alue of the)-.25 F F1(acti)3.47
-E -.1(ve)-.1 G<ad72>.1 E(egion\255start\255color)-.18 E F0 3.47(,w)C .97
-(hich def)-3.47 F .97(aults to)-.1 F .484
+(eadline high-)-2.598 F .97(lights the te)144 132 R .97(xt in the re)
+-.15 F .971(gion using the v)-.15 F .971(alue of the)-.25 F F1(acti)
+3.471 E -.1(ve)-.1 G<ad72>.1 E(egion\255start\255color)-.18 E F0 3.471
+(,w)C .971(hich def)-3.471 F .971(aults to)-.1 F .485
(the string that enables the terminal')144 144 R 2.985(ss)-.55 G .485
(tandout mode.)-2.985 F .485(The acti)5.485 F .785 -.15(ve r)-.25 H -.15
-(eg).15 G .485(ion sho).15 F .485(ws the te)-.25 F .485(xt inserted by)
+(eg).15 G .484(ion sho).15 F .484(ws the te)-.25 F .484(xt inserted by)
-.15 F(brack)144 156 Q(eted-paste and an)-.1 E 2.5(ym)-.15 G(atching te)
-2.5 E(xt found by incremental and non-incremental history searches.)
--.15 E F1(enable\255brack)108 168 Q(eted\255paste \(On\))-.1 E F0 .841
-(When set to)144 180 R F1(On)3.341 E F0 3.341(,r)C .841(eadline con\214\
-gures the terminal to insert each paste into the editing b)-3.341 F(uf)
--.2 E .84(fer as a)-.25 F .799(single string of characters, instead of \
-treating each character as if it had been read from the k)144 192 R -.15
-(ey)-.1 G(-).15 E 3.159(board. This)144 204 R(pre)3.159 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
-.659(nts readline from e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .659(cuting an).15 F 3.158
-(ye)-.15 G .658(diting commands bound to k)-3.158 F .958 -.15(ey s)-.1 H
-.658(equences ap-).15 F(pearing in the pasted te)144 216 Q(xt.)-.15 E F1
-(enable\255k)108 228 Q(eypad \(Off\))-.1 E F0 .892(When set to)144 240 R
+-.15 E F1(enable\255brack)108 168 Q(eted\255paste \(On\))-.1 E F0 .84
+(When set to)144 180 R F1(On)3.34 E F0 3.34(,r)C .841(eadline con\214gu\
+res the terminal to insert each paste into the editing b)-3.34 F(uf)-.2
+E .841(fer as a)-.25 F .799(single string of characters, instead of tre\
+ating each character as if it had been read from the k)144 192 R -.15
+(ey)-.1 G(-).15 E 3.158(board. This)144 204 R(pre)3.158 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
+.658(nts readline from e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .658(cuting an).15 F 3.158
+(ye)-.15 G .659(diting commands bound to k)-3.158 F .959 -.15(ey s)-.1 H
+.659(equences ap-).15 F(pearing in the pasted te)144 216 Q(xt.)-.15 E F1
+(enable\255k)108 228 Q(eypad \(Off\))-.1 E F0 .893(When set to)144 240 R
F1(On)3.393 E F0 3.393(,r)C .893
(eadline will try to enable the application k)-3.393 F -.15(ey)-.1 G
-.893(pad when it is called.).15 F .893(Some sys-)5.893 F
+.893(pad when it is called.).15 F .892(Some sys-)5.893 F
(tems need this to enable the arro)144 252 Q 2.5(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey)-2.6
G(s.).15 E F1(enable\255meta\255k)108 264 Q(ey \(On\))-.1 E F0 .64
(When set to)144 276 R F1(On)3.14 E F0 3.14(,r)C .64
(expand\255tilde \(Off\))108 300 Q F0(If set to)144 312 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0
2.5(,t)C(ilde e)-2.5 E(xpansion is performed when readline attempts w)
-.15 E(ord completion.)-.1 E F1(history\255pr)108 324 Q(eser)-.18 E -.1
-(ve)-.1 G(\255point \(Off\)).1 E F0 .552(If set to)144 336 R F1(On)3.052
+(ve)-.1 G(\255point \(Off\)).1 E F0 .553(If set to)144 336 R F1(On)3.052
E F0 3.052(,t)C .552(he history code attempts to place point at the sam\
e location on each history line re-)-3.052 F(trie)144 348 Q -.15(ve)-.25
G 2.5(dw).15 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(pr)2.5 E -.15(ev)-.18 G(ious-history).15 E
F0(or)2.5 E F1(next-history)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(history\255size \(unset\))
-108 360 Q F0 .949(Set the maximum number of history entries sa)144 372 R
+108 360 Q F0 .948(Set the maximum number of history entries sa)144 372 R
-.15(ve)-.2 G 3.448(di).15 G 3.448(nt)-3.448 G .948(he history list.)
--3.448 F .948(If set to zero, an)5.948 F 3.448(ye)-.15 G(xisting)-3.598
-E .482(history entries are deleted and no ne)144 384 R 2.982(we)-.25 G
-.483(ntries are sa)-2.982 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.983(d. If).15 F .483
-(set to a v)2.983 F .483(alue less than zero, the num-)-.25 F .278
-(ber of history entries is not limited.)144 396 R .277(By def)5.278 F
-.277(ault, the number of history entries is set to the v)-.1 F .277
-(alue of)-.25 F(the)144 408 Q F1(HISTSIZE)3.41 E F0 .91(shell v)3.41 F
-3.41(ariable. If)-.25 F .911(an attempt is made to set)3.41 F F2
-(history\255size)3.411 E F0 .911(to a non-numeric v)3.411 F(alue,)-.25 E
+-3.448 F .949(If set to zero, an)5.948 F 3.449(ye)-.15 G(xisting)-3.599
+E .483(history entries are deleted and no ne)144 384 R 2.983(we)-.25 G
+.483(ntries are sa)-2.983 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.983(d. If).15 F .482
+(set to a v)2.983 F .482(alue less than zero, the num-)-.25 F .277
+(ber of history entries is not limited.)144 396 R .277(By def)5.277 F
+.278(ault, the number of history entries is set to the v)-.1 F .278
+(alue of)-.25 F(the)144 408 Q F1(HISTSIZE)3.411 E F0 .911(shell v)3.411
+F 3.411(ariable. If)-.25 F .911(an attempt is made to set)3.411 F F2
+(history\255size)3.41 E F0 .91(to a non-numeric v)3.41 F(alue,)-.25 E
(the maximum number of history entries will be set to 500.)144 420 Q F1
-(horizontal\255scr)108 432 Q(oll\255mode \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .449
-(When set to)144 444 R F1(On)2.949 E F0 2.949(,m)C(ak)-2.949 E .448
-(es readline use a single line for display)-.1 F 2.948(,s)-.65 G .448
+(horizontal\255scr)108 432 Q(oll\255mode \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .448
+(When set to)144 444 R F1(On)2.948 E F0 2.948(,m)C(ak)-2.948 E .448
+(es readline use a single line for display)-.1 F 2.948(,s)-.65 G .449
(crolling the input horizontally on a)-2.948 F 1.194(single screen line\
when it becomes longer than the screen width rather than wrapping to a\
ne)144 456 R(w)-.25 E 2.5(line. This)144 468 R
(setting is automatically enabled for terminals of height 1.)2.5 E F1
-(input\255meta \(Off\))108 480 Q F0 1.062(If set to)144 492 R F1(On)
-3.562 E F0 3.562(,r)C 1.061(eadline will enable eight-bit input \(that \
-is, it will not strip the eighth bit from the)-3.562 F .335
+(input\255meta \(Off\))108 480 Q F0 1.061(If set to)144 492 R F1(On)
+3.561 E F0 3.561(,r)C 1.062(eadline will enable eight-bit input \(that \
+is, it will not strip the eighth bit from the)-3.561 F .336
(characters it reads\), re)144 504 R -.05(ga)-.15 G .335
-(rdless of what the terminal claims it can support.).05 F .336(The name)
-5.336 F F1(meta\255\215ag)2.836 E F0(is)2.836 E 2.865(as)144 516 S(ynon)
--2.865 E .365(ym for this v)-.15 F 2.864(ariable. The)-.25 F(def)2.864 E
+(rdless of what the terminal claims it can support.).05 F .335(The name)
+5.335 F F1(meta\255\215ag)2.835 E F0(is)2.835 E 2.864(as)144 516 S(ynon)
+-2.864 E .364(ym for this v)-.15 F 2.864(ariable. The)-.25 F(def)2.864 E
.364(ault is)-.1 F F2(Of)2.864 E(f)-.18 E F0 2.864(,b)C .364
-(ut readline will set it to)-3.064 F F2(On)2.864 E F0 .364
-(if the locale contains)2.864 F(eight-bit characters.)144 528 Q F1
+(ut readline will set it to)-3.064 F F2(On)2.864 E F0 .365
+(if the locale contains)2.865 F(eight-bit characters.)144 528 Q F1
(isear)108 540 Q(ch\255terminators \(`)-.18 E(`C\255[C\255J')-.63 E('\))
-.63 E F0 .439(The string of characters that should terminate an increm\
ental search without subsequently e)144 552 R -.15(xe)-.15 G(cut-).15 E
-.935(ing the character as a command.)144 564 R .935(If this v)5.935 F
-.935(ariable has not been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.434(nav).15 G .934
-(alue, the characters)-3.684 F F2(ESC)3.434 E F0(and)144 576 Q F2
+.934(ing the character as a command.)144 564 R .935(If this v)5.935 F
+.935(ariable has not been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.435(nav).15 G .935
+(alue, the characters)-3.685 F F2(ESC)3.435 E F0(and)144 576 Q F2
(C\255J)2.5 E F0(will terminate an incremental search.)2.5 E F1 -.1(ke)
-108 588 S(ymap \(emacs\)).1 E F0 2.02(Set the current readline k)144 600
-R -.15(ey)-.1 G 4.521(map. The).15 F 2.021(set of v)4.521 F 2.021
-(alid k)-.25 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.021(map names is).15 F F2 2.021
-(emacs, emacs\255standar)4.521 F(d,)-.37 E .042
+108 588 S(ymap \(emacs\)).1 E F0 2.021(Set the current readline k)144
+600 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 4.521(map. The).15 F 2.021(set of v)4.521 F 2.021
+(alid k)-.25 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.021(map names is).15 F F2 2.02
+(emacs, emacs\255standar)4.52 F(d,)-.37 E .041
(emacs\255meta, emacs\255ctlx, vi, vi\255command)144 612 R F0 2.542(,a)C
(nd)-2.542 E F2(vi\255insert)2.832 E F0(.).68 E F2(vi)5.042 E F0 .042
(is equi)2.542 F -.25(va)-.25 G .042(lent to).25 F F2(vi\255command)
-2.541 E F0(;)A F2(emacs)2.541 E F0 .448(is equi)144 624 R -.25(va)-.25 G
-.448(lent to).25 F F2(emacs\255standar)2.948 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.448(.T)C
-.448(he def)-5.448 F .448(ault v)-.1 F .449(alue is)-.25 F F2(emacs)
-3.139 E F0 2.949(;t).27 G .449(he v)-2.949 F .449(alue of)-.25 F F1
-(editing\255mode)2.949 E F0 .449(also af-)2.949 F(fects the def)144 636
+2.542 E F0(;)A F2(emacs)2.542 E F0 .449(is equi)144 624 R -.25(va)-.25 G
+.449(lent to).25 F F2(emacs\255standar)2.949 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.449(.T)C
+.449(he def)-5.449 F .449(ault v)-.1 F .449(alue is)-.25 F F2(emacs)
+3.139 E F0 2.948(;t).27 G .448(he v)-2.948 F .448(alue of)-.25 F F1
+(editing\255mode)2.948 E F0 .448(also af-)2.948 F(fects the def)144 636
Q(ault k)-.1 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(map.).15 E F1 -.1(ke)108 648 S
-(yseq\255timeout \(500\)).1 E F0 .368(Speci\214es the duration)144 660 R
+(yseq\255timeout \(500\)).1 E F0 .367(Speci\214es the duration)144 660 R
F2 -.37(re)2.867 G(adline).37 E F0 .367(will w)2.867 F .367
-(ait for a character when reading an ambiguous k)-.1 F .667 -.15(ey s)
--.1 H(equence).15 E .524(\(one that can form a complete k)144 672 R .824
+(ait for a character when reading an ambiguous k)-.1 F .668 -.15(ey s)
+-.1 H(equence).15 E .525(\(one that can form a complete k)144 672 R .825
-.15(ey s)-.1 H .524(equence using the input read so f).15 F(ar)-.1 E
-3.025(,o)-.4 G 3.025(rc)-3.025 G .525(an tak)-3.025 F 3.025(ea)-.1 G
-.525(dditional in-)-3.025 F .807(put to complete a longer k)144 684 R
+3.024(,o)-.4 G 3.024(rc)-3.024 G .524(an tak)-3.024 F 3.024(ea)-.1 G
+.524(dditional in-)-3.024 F .806(put to complete a longer k)144 684 R
1.106 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 3.306(equence\). If).15 F .806(no input is recei)
-3.306 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.306(dw).15 G .806(ithin the timeout,)-3.306 F
-F2 -.37(re)3.306 G(adline).37 E F0(will)3.306 E .906(use the shorter b)
+3.306 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.306(dw).15 G .807(ithin the timeout,)-3.306 F
+F2 -.37(re)3.307 G(adline).37 E F0(will)3.307 E .907(use the shorter b)
144 696 R .907(ut complete k)-.2 F 1.207 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 3.407
(equence. The).15 F -.25(va)3.407 G .907
-(lue is speci\214ed in milliseconds, so a v).25 F .907(alue of)-.25 F
+(lue is speci\214ed in milliseconds, so a v).25 F .906(alue of)-.25 F
.05(1000 means that)144 708 R F2 -.37(re)2.55 G(adline).37 E F0 .05
(will w)2.55 F .05(ait one second for additional input.)-.1 F .05
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(ompleted names which are symbolic links to directories ha)-2.675 F .475
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(ore).15 E 1.264(than one possible completion cause the matches to be l\
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-(sho)108 480 Q(w\255all\255if\255unmodi\214ed \(Off\))-.1 E F0 5.346
-(This alters the def)144 492 R 5.346(ault beha)-.1 F 5.345
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--.1 F F1(sho)144 504 Q(w\255all\255if\255ambiguous)-.1 E F0 6.69(.I)C
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-(If set to)144 552 R F1(On)3.521 E F0 3.521(,a)C 1.022
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(\(2\) is appended to the \214lename)B
(when listing possible completions.)144 180 Q F1
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(out in emacs mode.)180 326.4 Q F1(term)144 343.2 Q F0(The)180 343.2 Q
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-(ey b)-.1 H .696(indings, perhaps to bind).15 F .654(the k)180 355.2 R
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-(wo)3.154 G .654(rd on the right side of).1 F(the)180 367.2 Q F1(=)3.232
-E F0 .732(is tested ag)3.232 F .732(ainst both the full name of the ter\
+(wo)3.154 G .654(rd on the right side of).1 F(the)180 367.2 Q F1(=)3.231
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379.2 Q F1<ad>2.5 E F0 5(.T)C(his allo)-5 E(ws)-.25 E F2(sun)2.84 E F0
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F0 2.5(,f).77 G(or instance.)-2.5 E F1 -.1(ve)144 396 S(rsion).1 E F0
-(The)180 408 Q F1 -.1(ve)3.108 G(rsion).1 E F0 .608
-(test may be used to perform comparisons ag)3.108 F .609
+(The)180 408 Q F1 -.1(ve)3.109 G(rsion).1 E F0 .608
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(ersion number supplied on the right side)-.15 F .318
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+(ptional decimal point, and an op-)-2.818 F .101(tional minor v)180 456
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+(he)-5.1 E .06(operator may be separated from the string)180 468 R F1
-.1(ve)2.56 G(rsion).1 E F0 .06(and from the v)2.56 F .06
(ersion number ar)-.15 F(gument)-.18 E(by whitespace.)180 480 Q F1
(application)144 496.8 Q F0(The)180 508.8 Q F1(application)3.003 E F0
.503(construct is used to include application-speci\214c settings.)3.003
F .503(Each program)5.503 F .114(using the readline library sets the)180
520.8 R F2 .114(application name)2.614 F F0 2.614(,a)C .114
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-(ci\214c program.)180 544.8 R -.15(Fo)5.397 G 2.896(ri).15 G .396
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+.396(ci\214c program.)180 544.8 R -.15(Fo)5.396 G 2.896(ri).15 G .396
(nstance, the follo)-2.896 F .396(wing command adds a k)-.25 F .696 -.15
-(ey s)-.1 H .396(equence that quotes the).15 F(current or pre)180 556.8
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(Bash)2.5 E 2.5(#Q)180 592.8 S(uote the current or pre)-2.5 E(vious w)
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657.6 R F2(=)2.579 E F0(,)A F2(==)2.579 E F0 2.579(,a)C(nd)-2.579 E F2
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144 124.8 R(or e)-.15 E(xample, the follo)-.15 E(wing directi)-.25 E .3
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(riable are used to terminate an incremental search.).25 F .66
(If that v)108 254.4 R .66(ariable has not been assigned a v)-.25 F .66
(alue the Escape and Control-J characters will terminate an incre-)-.25
-F .097(mental search.)108 266.4 R .096(Control-G will abort an incremen\
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108 295.2 T 1.339(nd other matching entries in the history list, type C\
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H .174
(equence bound to a readline command will terminate the search and e).15
-F -.15(xe)-.15 G .175(cute that command.).15 F -.15(Fo)5.175 G(r).15 E
-.541(instance, a)108 331.2 R F2(ne)3.041 E(wline)-.15 E F0 .541
-(will terminate the search and accept the line, thereby e)3.041 F -.15
-(xe)-.15 G .54(cuting the command from the).15 F(history list.)108 343.2
-Q .653(Readline remembers the last incremental search string.)108 360 R
-.653(If tw)5.653 F 3.153(oC)-.1 G .653(ontrol-Rs are typed without an)
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(The follo)108 429.6 R 1.391
(wing is a list of the names of the commands and the def)-.25 F 1.391
(ault k)-.1 F 1.691 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 1.391(equences to which the).15 F
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+E F0 .911(refers to the current cursor position, and)3.411 F F2(mark)
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(command. The)2.5 F(te)2.5 E
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2.5 G(gion)-.03 E F0(.)A F1(Commands f)87 482.4 Q(or Mo)-.25 E(ving)-.1
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-.15 H(ack a character).15 E(.)-.55 E F1 -.25(fo)108 590.4 S(rward\255w)
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--.1 F .522(ords are composed of alphanumeric characters \(let-)-.8 F
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(ord \(M\255b\))-.1 E F0(Mo)144 638.4 Q 1.71 -.15(ve b)-.15 H 1.41
(ack to the start of the current or pre).15 F 1.41(vious w)-.25 F 3.91
(orw).15 E .484(ard to the end of the ne)-.1 F .484(xt w)-.15 F 2.984
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(48)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
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(ord from the pre)-.1 F .773(vious command \(the w)-.25 F .773
-(ords in the)-.1 F(pre)144 252 Q .292(vious command be)-.25 F .292
+(ords in the)-.1 F(pre)144 252 Q .291(vious command be)-.25 F .291
(gin with w)-.15 F .291(ord 0\).)-.1 F 2.791(An)5.291 G -2.25 -.15(eg a)
-2.791 H(ti).15 E .591 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G .291
-(ument inserts the).18 F F2(n)2.791 E F0 .291(th w)B .291
-(ord from the end of)-.1 F .281(the pre)144 264 R .281(vious command.)
--.25 F .281(Once the ar)5.281 F(gument)-.18 E F2(n)2.781 E F0 .281
-(is computed, the ar)2.781 F .281(gument is e)-.18 F .282
+(ument inserts the).18 F F2(n)2.791 E F0 .291(th w)B .292
+(ord from the end of)-.1 F .282(the pre)144 264 R .282(vious command.)
+-.25 F .282(Once the ar)5.282 F(gument)-.18 E F2(n)2.781 E F0 .281
+(is computed, the ar)2.781 F .281(gument is e)-.18 F .281
(xtracted as if the "!)-.15 F F2(n)A F0(")A(history e)144 276 Q
(xpansion had been speci\214ed.)-.15 E F1(yank\255last\255ar)108 288 Q
-2.5(g\()-.1 G -1.667(M\255. ,)-2.5 F -1.667(M\255_ \))2.5 F F0 1.308
-(Insert the last ar)144 300 R 1.308(gument to the pre)-.18 F 1.307
-(vious command \(the last w)-.25 F 1.307(ord of the pre)-.1 F 1.307
-(vious history entry\).)-.25 F -.4(Wi)144 312 S .203(th a numeric ar).4
-F .203(gument, beha)-.18 F .504 -.15(ve ex)-.2 H .204(actly lik).15 F(e)
--.1 E F1(yank\255nth\255ar)2.704 E(g)-.1 E F0 5.204(.S)C(uccessi)-5.204
-E .504 -.15(ve c)-.25 H .204(alls to).15 F F1(yank\255last\255ar)2.704 E
-(g)-.1 E F0(mo)144 324 Q .807 -.15(ve b)-.15 H .507
+2.5(g\()-.1 G -1.667(M\255. ,)-2.5 F -1.667(M\255_ \))2.5 F F0 1.307
+(Insert the last ar)144 300 R 1.307(gument to the pre)-.18 F 1.307
+(vious command \(the last w)-.25 F 1.308(ord of the pre)-.1 F 1.308
+(vious history entry\).)-.25 F -.4(Wi)144 312 S .204(th a numeric ar).4
+F .204(gument, beha)-.18 F .504 -.15(ve ex)-.2 H .204(actly lik).15 F(e)
+-.1 E F1(yank\255nth\255ar)2.704 E(g)-.1 E F0 5.203(.S)C(uccessi)-5.203
+E .503 -.15(ve c)-.25 H .203(alls to).15 F F1(yank\255last\255ar)2.703 E
+(g)-.1 E F0(mo)144 324 Q .806 -.15(ve b)-.15 H .507
(ack through the history list, inserting the last w).15 F .507
(ord \(or the w)-.1 F .507(ord speci\214ed by the ar)-.1 F(gument)-.18 E
.416(to the \214rst call\) of each line in turn.)144 336 R(An)5.416 E
2.916(yn)-.15 G .416(umeric ar)-2.916 F .416
-(gument supplied to these successi)-.18 F .716 -.15(ve c)-.25 H .416
-(alls de-).15 F 1.218(termines the direction to mo)144 348 R 1.518 -.15
+(gument supplied to these successi)-.18 F .715 -.15(ve c)-.25 H .415
+(alls de-).15 F 1.217(termines the direction to mo)144 348 R 1.518 -.15
(ve t)-.15 H 1.218(hrough the history).15 F 6.218(.A)-.65 G(ne)-2.5 E
--.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.517 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.217
+-.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.518 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.218
(ument switches the direction).18 F .494
(through the history \(back or forw)144 360 R 2.994(ard\). The)-.1 F
.494(history e)2.994 F .494(xpansion f)-.15 F .494
(acilities are used to e)-.1 F .494(xtract the last)-.15 F -.1(wo)144
372 S(rd, as if the "!$" history e).1 E(xpansion had been speci\214ed.)
--.15 E F1(shell\255expand\255line \(M\255C\255e\))108 384 Q F0 .623
+-.15 E F1(shell\255expand\255line \(M\255C\255e\))108 384 Q F0 .622
(Expand the line as the shell does.)144 396 R .622
-(This performs alias and history e)5.622 F .622
+(This performs alias and history e)5.622 F .623
(xpansion as well as all of the)-.15 F(shell w)144 408 Q(ord e)-.1 E 2.5
(xpansions. See)-.15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)2.5 E(OR)-.162 E 2.25
(YE)-.315 G(XP)-2.25 E(ANSION)-.666 E F0(belo)2.25 E 2.5(wf)-.25 G
(or a description of history e)-2.5 E(xpansion.)-.15 E F1
-(history\255expand\255line \(M\255^\))108 420 Q F0 .938
+(history\255expand\255line \(M\255^\))108 420 Q F0 .939
(Perform history e)144 432 R .939(xpansion on the current line.)-.15 F
(See)5.939 E F3(HIST)3.439 E(OR)-.162 E 3.189(YE)-.315 G(XP)-3.189 E
-(ANSION)-.666 E F0(belo)3.189 E 3.439(wf)-.25 G .939(or a descrip-)
--3.439 F(tion of history e)144 444 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(magic\255space)
-108 456 Q F0 .438(Perform history e)144 468 R .438
-(xpansion on the current line and insert a space.)-.15 F(See)5.437 E F3
-(HIST)2.937 E(OR)-.162 E 2.687(YE)-.315 G(XP)-2.687 E(ANSION)-.666 E F0
-(be-)2.687 E(lo)144 480 Q 2.5(wf)-.25 G(or a description of history e)
--2.5 E(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(alias\255expand\255line)108 492 Q F0 .394
-(Perform alias e)144 504 R .394(xpansion on the current line.)-.15 F
-(See)5.395 E F3(ALIASES)2.895 E F0(abo)2.645 E .695 -.15(ve f)-.15 H
-.395(or a description of alias e).15 F(xpan-)-.15 E(sion.)144 516 Q F1
+(ANSION)-.666 E F0(belo)3.189 E 3.438(wf)-.25 G .938(or a descrip-)
+-3.438 F(tion of history e)144 444 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(magic\255space)
+108 456 Q F0 .437(Perform history e)144 468 R .437
+(xpansion on the current line and insert a space.)-.15 F(See)5.438 E F3
+(HIST)2.938 E(OR)-.162 E 2.688(YE)-.315 G(XP)-2.688 E(ANSION)-.666 E F0
+(be-)2.688 E(lo)144 480 Q 2.5(wf)-.25 G(or a description of history e)
+-2.5 E(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(alias\255expand\255line)108 492 Q F0 .395
+(Perform alias e)144 504 R .395(xpansion on the current line.)-.15 F
+(See)5.395 E F3(ALIASES)2.895 E F0(abo)2.645 E .694 -.15(ve f)-.15 H
+.394(or a description of alias e).15 F(xpan-)-.15 E(sion.)144 516 Q F1
(history\255and\255alias\255expand\255line)108 528 Q F0
(Perform history and alias e)144 540 Q(xpansion on the current line.)
-.15 E F1(insert\255last\255ar)108 552 Q(gument \(M\255.)-.1 E 2.5(,M)
.833 G -1.667(\255_ \))-2.5 F F0 2.5(As)144 564 S(ynon)-2.5 E(ym for)
-.15 E F1(yank\255last\255ar)2.5 E(g)-.1 E F0(.)A F1
(edit\255and\255execute\255command \(C\255x C\255e\))108 576 Q F0(In)144
-588 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G .347 -.1(ke a).2 H 2.647(ne).1 G .146
-(ditor on the current command line, and e)-2.647 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .146
-(cute the result as shell commands.).15 F F1(Bash)5.146 E F0(at-)2.646 E
+588 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G .346 -.1(ke a).2 H 2.646(ne).1 G .146
+(ditor on the current command line, and e)-2.646 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .146
+(cute the result as shell commands.).15 F F1(Bash)5.147 E F0(at-)2.647 E
(tempts to in)144 600 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G F3($VISU)2.6 E(AL)-.54
E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3($EDIT)2.25 E(OR)-.162 E F4(,)A F0(and)
2.25 E F2(emacs)2.5 E F0(as the editor)2.5 E 2.5(,i)-.4 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G
(hat order)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1(Commands f)87 616.8 Q(or Changing T)-.25 E
(ext)-.92 E F2(end\255of\255\214le)108 628.8 Q F1(\(usually C\255d\))2.5
-E F0 .798(The character indicating end-of-\214le as set, for e)144 640.8
+E F0 .799(The character indicating end-of-\214le as set, for e)144 640.8
R .799(xample, by)-.15 F/F5 10/Courier@0 SF(stty)3.299 E F0 5.799(.I)C
-3.299(ft)-5.799 G .799(his character is read when)-3.299 F .592
+3.298(ft)-5.799 G .798(his character is read when)-3.298 F .592
(there are no characters on the line, and point is at the be)144 652.8 R
-.592(ginning of the line, Readline interprets it)-.15 F
+.593(ginning of the line, Readline interprets it)-.15 F
(as the end of input and returns)144 664.8 Q F3(EOF)2.5 E F4(.)A F1
-(delete\255char \(C\255d\))108 676.8 Q F0 .441
+(delete\255char \(C\255d\))108 676.8 Q F0 .442
(Delete the character at point.)144 688.8 R .442
-(If this function is bound to the same character as the tty)5.441 F F1
-(EOF)2.942 E F0(char)2.942 E(-)-.2 E(acter)144 700.8 Q 2.5(,a)-.4 G(s)
+(If this function is bound to the same character as the tty)5.442 F F1
+(EOF)2.941 E F0(char)2.941 E(-)-.2 E(acter)144 700.8 Q 2.5(,a)-.4 G(s)
-2.5 E F1(C\255d)2.5 E F0(commonly is, see abo)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve f)-.15 H
-(or the ef).15 E(fects.)-.25 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 May 2)150.675
+(or the ef).15 E(fects.)-.25 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 June 3)150.675
E(50)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
-SF(backward\255delete\255char \(Rubout\))108 84 Q F0 .553
+SF(backward\255delete\255char \(Rubout\))108 84 Q F0 .552
(Delete the character behind the cursor)144 96 R 5.553(.W)-.55 G .553
(hen gi)-5.553 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.053(nan).15 G .553(umeric ar)-3.053 F
-.552(gument, sa)-.18 F .852 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .552(he deleted te).15 F
-.552(xt on)-.15 F(the kill ring.)144 108 Q F1 -.25(fo)108 120 S
-(rward\255backward\255delete\255char).25 E F0 .473
-(Delete the character under the cursor)144 132 R 2.973(,u)-.4 G .474
-(nless the cursor is at the end of the line, in which case the)-2.973 F
+.553(gument, sa)-.18 F .853 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .553(he deleted te).15 F
+.553(xt on)-.15 F(the kill ring.)144 108 Q F1 -.25(fo)108 120 S
+(rward\255backward\255delete\255char).25 E F0 .474
+(Delete the character under the cursor)144 132 R 2.974(,u)-.4 G .474
+(nless the cursor is at the end of the line, in which case the)-2.974 F
(character behind the cursor is deleted.)144 144 Q F1
-(quoted\255insert \(C\255q, C\255v\))108 156 Q F0 .779(Add the ne)144
+(quoted\255insert \(C\255q, C\255v\))108 156 Q F0 .778(Add the ne)144
168 R .779(xt character typed to the line v)-.15 F 3.279(erbatim. This)
-.15 F .779(is ho)3.279 F 3.279(wt)-.25 G 3.279(oi)-3.279 G .779
-(nsert characters lik)-3.279 F(e)-.1 E F1(C\255q)3.278 E F0 3.278(,f)C
-(or)-3.278 E -.15(ex)144 180 S(ample.).15 E F1(tab\255insert \(C\255v T)
+(nsert characters lik)-3.279 F(e)-.1 E F1(C\255q)3.279 E F0 3.279(,f)C
+(or)-3.279 E -.15(ex)144 180 S(ample.).15 E F1(tab\255insert \(C\255v T)
108 192 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0(Insert a tab character)144 204 Q(.)-.55 E F1
(self\255insert \(a, b, A, 1, !, ...\))108 216 Q F0
(Insert the character typed.)144 228 Q F1(transpose\255chars \(C\255t\))
-108 240 Q F0 .321(Drag the character before point forw)144 252 R .321
+108 240 Q F0 .322(Drag the character before point forw)144 252 R .321
(ard o)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.821(rt).15 G .321
-(he character at point, mo)-2.821 F .322(ving point forw)-.15 F .322
+(he character at point, mo)-2.821 F .321(ving point forw)-.15 F .321
(ard as well.)-.1 F .372
(If point is at the end of the line, then this transposes the tw)144 264
-R 2.872(oc)-.1 G .372(haracters before point.)-2.872 F(Ne)5.372 E -.05
-(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .672 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.2(r-).15 G(guments ha)144
+R 2.872(oc)-.1 G .373(haracters before point.)-2.872 F(Ne)5.373 E -.05
+(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .673 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.2(r-).15 G(guments ha)144
276 Q .3 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.5(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.5 G(ect.).25 E F1
-(transpose\255w)108 288 Q(ords \(M\255t\))-.1 E F0 .023(Drag the w)144
-300 R .023(ord before point past the w)-.1 F .023(ord after point, mo)
--.1 F .023(ving point o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.524(rt).15 G .024(hat w)
--2.524 F .024(ord as well.)-.1 F .024(If point)5.024 F
+(transpose\255w)108 288 Q(ords \(M\255t\))-.1 E F0 .024(Drag the w)144
+300 R .024(ord before point past the w)-.1 F .023(ord after point, mo)
+-.1 F .023(ving point o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.523(rt).15 G .023(hat w)
+-2.523 F .023(ord as well.)-.1 F .023(If point)5.023 F
(is at the end of the line, this transposes the last tw)144 312 Q 2.5
(ow)-.1 G(ords on the line.)-2.6 E F1(upcase\255w)108 324 Q
-(ord \(M\255u\))-.1 E F0 1.699(Uppercase the current \(or follo)144 336
+(ord \(M\255u\))-.1 E F0 1.698(Uppercase the current \(or follo)144 336
R 1.698(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.198(ord. W)-.1 F 1.698(ith a ne)-.4 F -.05(ga)
--.15 G(ti).05 E 1.998 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.698
+-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.999 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.699
(ument, uppercase the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 348 S(rd, b).1 E
(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(do)108 360 Q
-(wncase\255w)-.1 E(ord \(M\255l\))-.1 E F0(Lo)144 372 Q 1.647
-(wercase the current \(or follo)-.25 F 1.647(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.147
-(ord. W)-.1 F 1.648(ith a ne)-.4 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.948 -.15
-(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.648(ument, lo).18 F 1.648(wercase the pre)
+(wncase\255w)-.1 E(ord \(M\255l\))-.1 E F0(Lo)144 372 Q 1.648
+(wercase the current \(or follo)-.25 F 1.648(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.148
+(ord. W)-.1 F 1.647(ith a ne)-.4 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.947 -.15
+(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.647(ument, lo).18 F 1.647(wercase the pre)
-.25 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 384 S(rd, b).1 E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3
-.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(capitalize\255w)108 396 Q
-(ord \(M\255c\))-.1 E F0 1.975(Capitalize the current \(or follo)144 408
+(ord \(M\255c\))-.1 E F0 1.974(Capitalize the current \(or follo)144 408
R 1.974(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.474(ord. W)-.1 F 1.974(ith a ne)-.4 F -.05(ga)
--.15 G(ti).05 E 2.274 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.974
+-.15 G(ti).05 E 2.274 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.975
(ument, capitalize the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 420 S(rd, b).1
E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1 -.1(ove)108 432
-S(rwrite\255mode).1 E F0 -.8(To)144 444 S .437(ggle o).8 F -.15(ve)-.15
-G .437(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4(Wi)5.437 G .437(th an e).4 F .437
-(xplicit positi)-.15 F .738 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .438(umeric ar).15 F .438
-(gument, switches to o)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .438(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4
-(Wi)144 456 S .781(th an e).4 F .781(xplicit non-positi)-.15 F 1.081
--.15(ve n)-.25 H .781(umeric ar).15 F .781
-(gument, switches to insert mode.)-.18 F .78(This command af)5.781 F
-(fects)-.25 E(only)144 468 Q F1(emacs)4.394 E F0(mode;)4.394 E F1(vi)
-4.394 E F0 1.894(mode does o)4.394 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.894(rwrite dif).15
-F(ferently)-.25 E 6.894(.E)-.65 G 1.894(ach call to)-6.894 F/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF -.37(re)4.395 G(adline\(\)).37 E F0 1.895
-(starts in insert)4.395 F 3.969(mode. In)144 480 R -.15(ove)3.969 G
-1.469(rwrite mode, characters bound to).15 F F1(self\255insert)3.969 E
-F0 1.468(replace the te)3.969 F 1.468(xt at point rather than)-.15 F
-.957(pushing the te)144 492 R .957(xt to the right.)-.15 F .958
-(Characters bound to)5.957 F F1(backward\255delete\255char)3.458 E F0
-.958(replace the character)3.458 F(before point with a space.)144 504 Q
-(By def)5 E(ault, this command is unbound.)-.1 E F1(Killing and Y)87
-520.8 Q(anking)-.85 E(kill\255line \(C\255k\))108 532.8 Q F0
-(Kill the te)144 544.8 Q(xt from point to the end of the line.)-.15 E F1
+S(rwrite\255mode).1 E F0 -.8(To)144 444 S .438(ggle o).8 F -.15(ve)-.15
+G .438(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4(Wi)5.438 G .438(th an e).4 F .438
+(xplicit positi)-.15 F .737 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .437(umeric ar).15 F .437
+(gument, switches to o)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .437(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4
+(Wi)144 456 S .78(th an e).4 F .781(xplicit non-positi)-.15 F 1.081 -.15
+(ve n)-.25 H .781(umeric ar).15 F .781(gument, switches to insert mode.)
+-.18 F .781(This command af)5.781 F(fects)-.25 E(only)144 468 Q F1
+(emacs)4.395 E F0(mode;)4.395 E F1(vi)4.395 E F0 1.894(mode does o)4.395
+F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.894(rwrite dif).15 F(ferently)-.25 E 6.894(.E)-.65 G
+1.894(ach call to)-6.894 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.37(re)4.394 G
+(adline\(\)).37 E F0 1.894(starts in insert)4.394 F 3.968(mode. In)144
+480 R -.15(ove)3.968 G 1.468(rwrite mode, characters bound to).15 F F1
+(self\255insert)3.969 E F0 1.469(replace the te)3.969 F 1.469
+(xt at point rather than)-.15 F .958(pushing the te)144 492 R .958
+(xt to the right.)-.15 F .957(Characters bound to)5.958 F F1
+(backward\255delete\255char)3.457 E F0 .957(replace the character)3.457
+F(before point with a space.)144 504 Q(By def)5 E
+(ault, this command is unbound.)-.1 E F1(Killing and Y)87 520.8 Q
+(anking)-.85 E(kill\255line \(C\255k\))108 532.8 Q F0(Kill the te)144
+544.8 Q(xt from point to the end of the line.)-.15 E F1
(backward\255kill\255line \(C\255x Rubout\))108 556.8 Q F0(Kill backw)
144 568.8 Q(ard to the be)-.1 E(ginning of the line.)-.15 E F1
(unix\255line\255discard \(C\255u\))108 580.8 Q F0(Kill backw)144 592.8
(The killed te)5 E(xt is sa)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(do).15 G 2.5(nt)
-2.5 G(he kill-ring.)-2.5 E F1(kill\255whole\255line)108 604.8 Q F0
(Kill all characters on the current line, no matter where point is.)144
-616.8 Q F1(kill\255w)108 628.8 Q(ord \(M\255d\))-.1 E F0 .729
-(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 640.8 R .728
-(ord, or if between w)-.1 F .728(ords, to the end of the ne)-.1 F .728
+616.8 Q F1(kill\255w)108 628.8 Q(ord \(M\255d\))-.1 E F0 .728
+(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 640.8 R .729
+(ord, or if between w)-.1 F .729(ords, to the end of the ne)-.1 F .729
(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 652.8 S
(rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1 -.25(fo)2.5 G
(rward\255w).25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(backward\255kill\255w)108 664.8 Q
(ord \(M\255Rubout\))-.1 E F0(Kill the w)144 676.8 Q(ord behind point.)
-.1 E -.8(Wo)5 G(rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1
(backward\255w)2.5 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(shell\255kill\255w)108 688.8 Q
-(ord)-.1 E F0 .728(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 700.8
-R .729(ord, or if between w)-.1 F .729(ords, to the end of the ne)-.1 F
-.729(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 712.8 S
+(ord)-.1 E F0 .729(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 700.8
+R .728(ord, or if between w)-.1 F .728(ords, to the end of the ne)-.1 F
+.728(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 712.8 S
(rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1(shell\255f)2.5 E
-(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 May 2)
+(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 June 3)
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(Kill the w)144 96 R 3.025(ord behind point.)-.1 F -.8(Wo)8.025 G 3.025
(rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 F F1(shell\255back-)
5.525 E(ward\255w)144 108 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(unix\255w)108 120 Q
-(ord\255rubout \(C\255w\))-.1 E F0 .364(Kill the w)144 132 R .364
-(ord behind point, using white space as a w)-.1 F .365(ord boundary)-.1
-F 5.365(.T)-.65 G .365(he killed te)-5.365 F .365(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15
-(ve)-.2 G 2.865(do).15 G 2.865(nt)-2.865 G(he)-2.865 E(kill-ring.)144
-144 Q F1(unix\255\214lename\255rubout)108 156 Q F0 .167(Kill the w)144
+(ord\255rubout \(C\255w\))-.1 E F0 .365(Kill the w)144 132 R .365
+(ord behind point, using white space as a w)-.1 F .364(ord boundary)-.1
+F 5.364(.T)-.65 G .364(he killed te)-5.364 F .364(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15
+(ve)-.2 G 2.864(do).15 G 2.864(nt)-2.864 G(he)-2.864 E(kill-ring.)144
+144 Q F1(unix\255\214lename\255rubout)108 156 Q F0 .166(Kill the w)144
168 R .166
(ord behind point, using white space and the slash character as the w)
--.1 F .166(ord boundaries.)-.1 F(The)5.166 E(killed te)144 180 Q
+-.1 F .167(ord boundaries.)-.1 F(The)5.167 E(killed te)144 180 Q
(xt is sa)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(do).15 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G(he kill-ring.)
-2.5 E F1(delete\255horizontal\255space \(M\255\\\))108 192 Q F0
(Delete all spaces and tabs around point.)144 204 Q F1(kill\255r)108 216
(gion.)-.15 E F1(copy\255r)108 240 Q(egion\255as\255kill)-.18 E F0(Cop)
144 252 Q 2.5(yt)-.1 G(he te)-2.5 E(xt in the re)-.15 E
(gion to the kill b)-.15 E(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E(.)-.55 E F1
-(copy\255backward\255w)108 264 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(Cop)144 276 Q 4.8(yt)-.1 G
-2.3(he w)-4.8 F 2.3(ord before point to the kill b)-.1 F(uf)-.2 E(fer)
--.25 E 7.301(.T)-.55 G 2.301(he w)-7.301 F 2.301
-(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1(back-)4.801 E(ward\255w)144 288
-Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(copy\255f)108 300 Q(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E
-F0(Cop)144 312 Q 4.508(yt)-.1 G 2.008(he w)-4.508 F 2.008(ord follo)-.1
-F 2.008(wing point to the kill b)-.25 F(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 7.007(.T)
--.55 G 2.007(he w)-7.007 F 2.007(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1
--.25(fo)4.507 G -.37(r-).25 G(ward\255w)144 324 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1
+(copy\255backward\255w)108 264 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(Cop)144 276 Q 4.801(yt)-.1
+G 2.301(he w)-4.801 F 2.301(ord before point to the kill b)-.1 F(uf)-.2
+E(fer)-.25 E 7.301(.T)-.55 G 2.301(he w)-7.301 F 2.3
+(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1(back-)4.8 E(ward\255w)144 288 Q
+(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(copy\255f)108 300 Q(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0
+(Cop)144 312 Q 4.507(yt)-.1 G 2.007(he w)-4.507 F 2.007(ord follo)-.1 F
+2.007(wing point to the kill b)-.25 F(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 7.008(.T)-.55
+G 2.008(he w)-7.008 F 2.008(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1 -.25
+(fo)4.508 G -.37(r-).25 G(ward\255w)144 324 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1
(yank \(C\255y\))108 336 Q F0 -1(Ya)144 348 S
(nk the top of the kill ring into the b)1 E(uf)-.2 E(fer at point.)-.25
E F1(yank\255pop \(M\255y\))108 360 Q F0
(gument \(M\2550, M\2551, ..., M\255\255\))-.1 E F0 .367
(Add this digit to the ar)144 412.8 R .367
(gument already accumulating, or start a ne)-.18 F 2.867(wa)-.25 G -.18
-(rg)-2.867 G 2.867(ument. M\255\255).18 F .367(starts a ne)2.867 F -.05
+(rg)-2.867 G 2.867(ument. M\255\255).18 F .366(starts a ne)2.867 F -.05
(ga)-.15 G(-).05 E(ti)144 424.8 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G
(ument.).18 E F1(uni)108 436.8 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1
-E F0 .779(This is another w)144 448.8 R .779(ay to specify an ar)-.1 F
-3.279(gument. If)-.18 F .779(this command is follo)3.279 F .778
+E F0 .778(This is another w)144 448.8 R .779(ay to specify an ar)-.1 F
+3.279(gument. If)-.18 F .779(this command is follo)3.279 F .779
(wed by one or more digits,)-.25 F 1.376
(optionally with a leading minus sign, those digits de\214ne the ar)144
460.8 R 3.876(gument. If)-.18 F 1.376(the command is fol-)3.876 F(lo)144
472.8 Q 1.17(wed by digits, e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(uni)
3.67 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(ag)3.67 E 1.17
(ain ends the numeric ar)-.05 F 1.17(gument, b)-.18 F 1.17(ut is other)
--.2 F(-)-.2 E .898(wise ignored.)144 484.8 R .898
-(As a special case, if this command is immediately follo)5.898 F .898
+-.2 F(-)-.2 E .899(wise ignored.)144 484.8 R .898
+(As a special case, if this command is immediately follo)5.899 F .898
(wed by a character that is)-.25 F 1.23
(neither a digit nor minus sign, the ar)144 496.8 R 1.23
(gument count for the ne)-.18 F 1.23(xt command is multiplied by four)
--.15 F(.)-.55 E .822(The ar)144 508.8 R .822
+-.15 F(.)-.55 E .823(The ar)144 508.8 R .823
(gument count is initially one, so e)-.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .823
-(cuting this function the \214rst time mak).15 F .823(es the ar)-.1 F
+(cuting this function the \214rst time mak).15 F .822(es the ar)-.1 F
(gument)-.18 E(count four)144 520.8 Q 2.5(,as)-.4 G(econd time mak)-2.5
E(es the ar)-.1 E(gument count sixteen, and so on.)-.18 E F1(Completing)
87 537.6 Q(complete \(T)108 549.6 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 1.137
(Attempt to perform completion on the te)144 561.6 R 1.137
(xt before point.)-.15 F F1(Bash)6.137 E F0 1.137
-(attempts completion treating the)3.637 F(te)144 573.6 Q .532(xt as a v)
--.15 F .532(ariable \(if the te)-.25 F .532(xt be)-.15 F .533(gins with)
--.15 F F1($)3.033 E F0 .533(\), username \(if the te)B .533(xt be)-.15 F
-.533(gins with)-.15 F F1(~)3.033 E F0 .533(\), hostname \(if the)B(te)
-144 585.6 Q .702(xt be)-.15 F .702(gins with)-.15 F F1(@)3.202 E F0 .701
-(\), or command \(including aliases and functions\) in turn.)B .701
+(attempts completion treating the)3.637 F(te)144 573.6 Q .533(xt as a v)
+-.15 F .533(ariable \(if the te)-.25 F .533(xt be)-.15 F .533(gins with)
+-.15 F F1($)3.033 E F0 .533(\), username \(if the te)B .532(xt be)-.15 F
+.532(gins with)-.15 F F1(~)3.032 E F0 .532(\), hostname \(if the)B(te)
+144 585.6 Q .701(xt be)-.15 F .701(gins with)-.15 F F1(@)3.201 E F0 .701
+(\), or command \(including aliases and functions\) in turn.)B .702
(If none of these pro-)5.701 F
(duces a match, \214lename completion is attempted.)144 597.6 Q F1
(possible\255completions \(M\255?\))108 609.6 Q F0
-.15 E F1(insert\255completions \(M\255*\))108 633.6 Q F0 .783
(Insert all completions of the te)144 645.6 R .783
(xt before point that w)-.15 F .783(ould ha)-.1 F 1.083 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
-.783(een generated by).15 F F1(possible\255com-)3.283 E(pletions)144
-657.6 Q F0(.)A F1(menu\255complete)108 669.6 Q F0 .929(Similar to)144
-681.6 R F1(complete)3.429 E F0 3.429(,b)C .929(ut replaces the w)-3.629
+.783(een generated by).15 F F1(possible\255com-)3.282 E(pletions)144
+657.6 Q F0(.)A F1(menu\255complete)108 669.6 Q F0 .928(Similar to)144
+681.6 R F1(complete)3.428 E F0 3.428(,b)C .929(ut replaces the w)-3.628
F .929(ord to be completed with a single match from the list of)-.1 F
-1.193(possible completions.)144 693.6 R 1.193(Repeated e)6.193 F -.15
-(xe)-.15 G 1.193(cution of).15 F F1(menu\255complete)3.694 E F0 1.194
-(steps through the list of possible)3.694 F .829
+1.194(possible completions.)144 693.6 R 1.194(Repeated e)6.194 F -.15
+(xe)-.15 G 1.194(cution of).15 F F1(menu\255complete)3.694 E F0 1.193
+(steps through the list of possible)3.694 F .828
(completions, inserting each match in turn.)144 705.6 R .828
(At the end of the list of completions, the bell is rung)5.828 F .727
(\(subject to the setting of)144 717.6 R F1(bell\255style)3.227 E F0
3.227(\)a)C .727(nd the original te)-3.227 F .727(xt is restored.)-.15 F
.727(An ar)5.727 F .727(gument of)-.18 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)3.227
-E F0(mo)3.227 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(s).15 E F2(n)3.228 E F0 1.73
+E F0(mo)3.227 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(s).15 E F2(n)3.227 E F0 1.73
(positions forw)144 729.6 R 1.73(ard in the list of matches; a ne)-.1 F
-.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 2.03 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.73
(ument may be used to mo).18 F 2.03 -.15(ve b)-.15 H(ackw).15 E(ard)-.1
-E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 May 2)150.675 E(52)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
+E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 June 3)150.675 E(52)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
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BP
2.5(ument. This).18 F(command is unbound by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1
(delete\255char\255or\255list)108 132 Q F0 .234
(Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the be)144 144 R .234
-(ginning or end of the line \(lik)-.15 F(e)-.1 E F1(delete\255char)2.734
+(ginning or end of the line \(lik)-.15 F(e)-.1 E F1(delete\255char)2.735
E F0(\).)A .425(If at the end of the line, beha)144 156 R -.15(ve)-.2 G
2.925(si).15 G .425(dentically to)-2.925 F F1(possible\255completions)
2.925 E F0 5.425(.T)C .425(his command is unbound)-5.425 F(by def)144
(possible\255hostname\255completions \(C\255x @\))108 348 Q F0
(List the possible completions of the te)144 360 Q
(xt before point, treating it as a hostname.)-.15 E F1
-(complete\255command \(M\255!\))108 372 Q F0 .581
+(complete\255command \(M\255!\))108 372 Q F0 .58
(Attempt completion on the te)144 384 R .581
-(xt before point, treating it as a command name.)-.15 F .58
-(Command comple-)5.58 F .715(tion attempts to match the te)144 396 R
+(xt before point, treating it as a command name.)-.15 F .581
+(Command comple-)5.581 F .715(tion attempts to match the te)144 396 R
.715(xt ag)-.15 F .715(ainst aliases, reserv)-.05 F .715(ed w)-.15 F
.715(ords, shell functions, shell b)-.1 F .715(uiltins, and)-.2 F
(\214nally e)144 408 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G
(possible\255command\255completions \(C\255x !\))108 420 Q F0
(List the possible completions of the te)144 432 Q
(xt before point, treating it as a command name.)-.15 E F1
-(dynamic\255complete\255history \(M\255T)108 444 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 .425
+(dynamic\255complete\255history \(M\255T)108 444 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 .424
(Attempt completion on the te)144 456 R .425
-(xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .425(xt ag)-.15 F .424
+(xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .425(xt ag)-.15 F .425
(ainst lines from the history list)-.05 F
(for possible completion matches.)144 468 Q F1(dab)108 480 Q(br)-.1 E
--.15(ev)-.18 G(\255expand).15 E F0 .61
+-.15(ev)-.18 G(\255expand).15 E F0 .611
(Attempt menu completion on the te)144 492 R .611
-(xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .611(xt ag)-.15 F .611
+(xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .61(xt ag)-.15 F .61
(ainst lines from the his-)-.05 F
(tory list for possible completion matches.)144 504 Q F1
(complete\255into\255braces \(M\255{\))108 516 Q F0 .4(Perform \214lena\
(ving the characters typed into the current k)-.2 E -.15(ey)-.1 G
(board macro and store the de\214nition.).15 E F1
(call\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 616.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x e\))-2.5
-E F0(Re-e)144 628.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G .999(cute the last k).15 F -.15(ey)
--.1 G .999(board macro de\214ned, by making the characters in the macro\
- appear as if).15 F(typed at the k)144 640.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(board.).15
-E F1(print\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 652.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(\))-2.5 E
-F0(Print the last k)144 664.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G
+E F0(Re-e)144 628.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G 1(cute the last k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1
+G .999(board macro de\214ned, by making the characters in the macro app\
+ear as if).15 F(typed at the k)144 640.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(board.).15 E F1
+(print\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 652.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(\))-2.5 E F0
+(Print the last k)144 664.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G
(board macro de\214ned in a format suitable for the).15 E/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(inputr)2.5 E(c)-.37 E F0(\214le.)2.5 E F1
(Miscellaneous)87 681.6 Q -.18(re)108 693.6 S<ad72>.18 E
-(ead\255init\255\214le \(C\255x C\255r\))-.18 E F0 1.777
-(Read in the contents of the)144 705.6 R F2(inputr)4.277 E(c)-.37 E F0
-1.776(\214le, and incorporate an)4.276 F 4.276(yb)-.15 G 1.776
-(indings or v)-4.276 F 1.776(ariable assignments)-.25 F(found there.)144
-717.6 Q(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 May 2)150.675 E(53)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
+(ead\255init\255\214le \(C\255x C\255r\))-.18 E F0 1.776
+(Read in the contents of the)144 705.6 R F2(inputr)4.276 E(c)-.37 E F0
+1.777(\214le, and incorporate an)4.276 F 4.277(yb)-.15 G 1.777
+(indings or v)-4.277 F 1.777(ariable assignments)-.25 F(found there.)144
+717.6 Q(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 June 3)150.675 E(53)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
-SF(abort \(C\255g\))108 84 Q F0 3.248
-(Abort the current editing command and ring the terminal')144 96 R 5.749
-(sb)-.55 G 3.249(ell \(subject to the setting of)-5.749 F F1
+SF(abort \(C\255g\))108 84 Q F0 3.249
+(Abort the current editing command and ring the terminal')144 96 R 5.748
+(sb)-.55 G 3.248(ell \(subject to the setting of)-5.748 F F1
(bell\255style)144 108 Q F0(\).)A F1(do\255lo)108 120 Q(wer)-.1 E
(case\255v)-.18 E(ersion \(M\255A, M\255B, M\255)-.1 E/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(x)A F1 2.5(,.)C(..\))-2.5 E F0 1.739
-(If the meta\214ed character)144 132 R F2(x)4.239 E F0 1.739
-(is uppercase, run the command that is bound to the corresponding)4.239
+/Times-Italic@0 SF(x)A F1 2.5(,.)C(..\))-2.5 E F0 1.738
+(If the meta\214ed character)144 132 R F2(x)4.238 E F0 1.739
+(is uppercase, run the command that is bound to the corresponding)4.238
F(meta\214ed lo)144 144 Q(wercase character)-.25 E 5(.T)-.55 G(he beha)
-5 E(vior is unde\214ned if)-.2 E F2(x)2.5 E F0(is already lo)2.5 E
(wercase.)-.25 E F1(pr)108 156 Q(e\214x\255meta \(ESC\))-.18 E F0
(ESC)5 E F1(f)2.25 E F0(is equi)2.5 E -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1
(Meta\255f)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(undo \(C\255_, C\255x C\255u\))108 180 Q F0
(Incremental undo, separately remembered for each line.)144 192 Q F1
--2.29 -.18(re v)108 204 T(ert\255line \(M\255r\)).08 E F0 .23
-(Undo all changes made to this line.)144 216 R .231(This is lik)5.23 F
-2.731(ee)-.1 G -.15(xe)-2.881 G .231(cuting the).15 F F1(undo)2.731 E F0
-.231(command enough times to re-)2.731 F
+-2.29 -.18(re v)108 204 T(ert\255line \(M\255r\)).08 E F0 .231
+(Undo all changes made to this line.)144 216 R .231(This is lik)5.231 F
+2.731(ee)-.1 G -.15(xe)-2.881 G .23(cuting the).15 F F1(undo)2.73 E F0
+.23(command enough times to re-)2.73 F
(turn the line to its initial state.)144 228 Q F1
(tilde\255expand \(M\255&\))108 240 Q F0(Perform tilde e)144 252 Q
(xpansion on the current w)-.15 E(ord.)-.1 E F1
(Set the mark to the point.)144 276 Q(If a numeric ar)5 E
(gument is supplied, the mark is set to that position.)-.18 E F1
(exchange\255point\255and\255mark \(C\255x C\255x\))108 288 Q F0(Sw)144
-300 Q .283(ap the point with the mark.)-.1 F .283
+300 Q .282(ap the point with the mark.)-.1 F .283
(The current cursor position is set to the sa)5.283 F -.15(ve)-.2 G
-2.782(dp).15 G .282(osition, and the old)-2.782 F(cursor position is sa)
+2.783(dp).15 G .283(osition, and the old)-2.783 F(cursor position is sa)
144 312 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(da).15 G 2.5(st)-2.5 G(he mark.)-2.5 E F1
-(character\255sear)108 324 Q(ch \(C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.035(Ac)144 336 S
-.535(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.035 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.035(dt)
+(character\255sear)108 324 Q(ch \(C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.036(Ac)144 336 S
+.536(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.036 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.035(dt)
.15 G 3.035(ot)-3.035 G .535(he ne)-3.035 F .535
-(xt occurrence of that character)-.15 F 5.536(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05
-(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .836 -.15(ve c)-.25 H(ount).15 E(searches for pre)
+(xt occurrence of that character)-.15 F 5.535(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05
+(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .835 -.15(ve c)-.25 H(ount).15 E(searches for pre)
144 348 Q(vious occurrences.)-.25 E F1(character\255sear)108 360 Q
-(ch\255backward \(M\255C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.544(Ac)144 372 S 1.044
-(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.544 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.544(dt).15 G
+(ch\255backward \(M\255C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.543(Ac)144 372 S 1.043
+(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.543 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.544(dt).15 G
3.544(ot)-3.544 G 1.044(he pre)-3.544 F 1.044
-(vious occurrence of that character)-.25 F 6.043(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E
+(vious occurrence of that character)-.25 F 6.044(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E
-.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
(count searches for subsequent occurrences.)144 384 Q F1
-(skip\255csi\255sequence)108 396 Q F0 1.826
+(skip\255csi\255sequence)108 396 Q F0 1.827
(Read enough characters to consume a multi-k)144 408 R 2.126 -.15(ey s)
--.1 H 1.827(equence such as those de\214ned for k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G
-4.327(sl).15 G(ik)-4.327 E(e)-.1 E .791(Home and End.)144 420 R .791
-(Such sequences be)5.791 F .791
+-.1 H 1.826(equence such as those de\214ned for k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G
+4.326(sl).15 G(ik)-4.326 E(e)-.1 E .79(Home and End.)144 420 R .791
+(Such sequences be)5.79 F .791
(gin with a Control Sequence Indicator \(CSI\), usually ESC\255[.)-.15 F
-.331(If this sequence is bound to "\\[", k)144 432 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.831
-(sp).15 G .331(roducing such sequences will ha)-2.831 F .632 -.15(ve n)
--.2 H 2.832(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.832 G .332(ect unless e).25 F(xplic-)
+.332(If this sequence is bound to "\\[", k)144 432 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.831
+(sp).15 G .331(roducing such sequences will ha)-2.831 F .631 -.15(ve n)
+-.2 H 2.831(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.831 G .331(ect unless e).25 F(xplic-)
-.15 E .026(itly bound to a readline command, instead of inserting stra\
y characters into the editing b)144 444 R(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 5.026(.T)
-.55 G(his)-5.026 E(is unbound by def)144 456 Q(ault, b)-.1 E
(ut usually bound to ESC\255[.)-.2 E F1(insert\255comment \(M\255#\))108
-468 Q F0 -.4(Wi)144 480 S .48(thout a numeric ar).4 F .48(gument, the v)
--.18 F .481(alue of the readline)-.25 F F1(comment\255begin)2.981 E F0
--.25(va)2.981 G .481(riable is inserted at the).25 F(be)144 492 Q .245
-(ginning of the current line.)-.15 F .245(If a numeric ar)5.245 F .244
-(gument is supplied, this command acts as a toggle: if)-.18 F .321
+468 Q F0 -.4(Wi)144 480 S .481(thout a numeric ar).4 F .481
+(gument, the v)-.18 F .481(alue of the readline)-.25 F F1
+(comment\255begin)2.981 E F0 -.25(va)2.981 G .48
+(riable is inserted at the).25 F(be)144 492 Q .244
+(ginning of the current line.)-.15 F .245(If a numeric ar)5.244 F .245
+(gument is supplied, this command acts as a toggle: if)-.18 F .322
(the characters at the be)144 504 R .321
(ginning of the line do not match the v)-.15 F .321(alue of)-.25 F F1
-(comment\255begin)2.821 E F0 2.822(,t)C .322(he v)-2.822 F .322(alue is)
--.25 F .832(inserted, otherwise the characters in)144 516 R F1
-(comment\255begin)3.332 E F0 .831(are deleted from the be)3.332 F .831
-(ginning of the line.)-.15 F 1.468
+(comment\255begin)2.821 E F0 2.821(,t)C .321(he v)-2.821 F .321(alue is)
+-.25 F .831(inserted, otherwise the characters in)144 516 R F1
+(comment\255begin)3.331 E F0 .832(are deleted from the be)3.331 F .832
+(ginning of the line.)-.15 F 1.469
(In either case, the line is accepted as if a ne)144 528 R 1.468
-(wline had been typed.)-.25 F 1.469(The def)6.469 F 1.469(ault v)-.1 F
-1.469(alue of)-.25 F F1(com-)3.969 E(ment\255begin)144 540 Q F0 .84
-(causes this command to mak)3.34 F 3.339(et)-.1 G .839
-(he current line a shell comment.)-3.339 F .839(If a numeric ar)5.839 F
+(wline had been typed.)-.25 F 1.468(The def)6.468 F 1.468(ault v)-.1 F
+1.468(alue of)-.25 F F1(com-)3.968 E(ment\255begin)144 540 Q F0 .839
+(causes this command to mak)3.339 F 3.339(et)-.1 G .839
+(he current line a shell comment.)-3.339 F .84(If a numeric ar)5.84 F
(gu-)-.18 E(ment causes the comment character to be remo)144 552 Q -.15
(ve)-.15 G(d, the line will be e).15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G
(cuted by the shell.).15 E F1(spell\255corr)108 564 Q(ect\255w)-.18 E
-(ord \(C\255x s\))-.1 E F0 .42
-(Perform spelling correction on the current w)144 576 R .421
+(ord \(C\255x s\))-.1 E F0 .421
+(Perform spelling correction on the current w)144 576 R .42
(ord, treating it as a directory or \214lename, in the same)-.1 F -.1
-(wa)144 588 S 4.718(ya).1 G 4.718(st)-4.718 G(he)-4.718 E F1(cdspell)
-4.718 E F0 2.218(shell option.)4.718 F -.8(Wo)7.217 G 2.217
-(rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 F F1(shell\255f)4.717 E
+(wa)144 588 S 4.717(ya).1 G 4.717(st)-4.717 G(he)-4.717 E F1(cdspell)
+4.717 E F0 2.217(shell option.)4.717 F -.8(Wo)7.217 G 2.217
+(rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 F F1(shell\255f)4.718 E
(or)-.25 E(-)-.37 E(ward\255w)144 600 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1
-(glob\255complete\255w)108 612 Q(ord \(M\255g\))-.1 E F0 .791(The w)144
+(glob\255complete\255w)108 612 Q(ord \(M\255g\))-.1 E F0 .792(The w)144
624 R .791(ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F
-.792(xpansion, with an asterisk implicitly)-.15 F 2.5(appended. This)144
+.791(xpansion, with an asterisk implicitly)-.15 F 2.5(appended. This)144
636 R(pattern is used to generate a list of matching \214lenames for po\
ssible completions.)2.5 E F1(glob\255expand\255w)108 648 Q
-(ord \(C\255x *\))-.1 E F0 .176(The w)144 660 R .176
+(ord \(C\255x *\))-.1 E F0 .175(The w)144 660 R .176
(ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F .176
(xpansion, and the list of matching \214le-)-.15 F .516
(names is inserted, replacing the w)144 672 R 3.016(ord. If)-.1 F 3.016
.872(the line is redra)144 720 R 3.372(wn. If)-.15 F 3.372(an)3.372 G
.872(umeric ar)-3.372 F .872
(gument is supplied, an asterisk is appended before pathname)-.18 F
-(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 May 2)150.675 E(54)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
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(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E -.15(ex)144 84 S
-(pansion.).15 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(dump\255functions)108 96 Q F0 .627
-(Print all of the functions and their k)144 108 R .927 -.15(ey b)-.1 H
-.626(indings to the readline output stream.).15 F .626(If a numeric ar)
-5.626 F(gu-)-.18 E
+(pansion.).15 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(dump\255functions)108 96 Q F0 .626
+(Print all of the functions and their k)144 108 R .926 -.15(ey b)-.1 H
+.627(indings to the readline output stream.).15 F .627(If a numeric ar)
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(ment is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)144 120 Q
(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(inputr)
2.5 E(c)-.37 E F0(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255v)108 132 Q(ariables)-.1 E F0
-.762(Print all of the settable readline v)144 144 R .762
-(ariables and their v)-.25 F .763(alues to the readline output stream.)
--.25 F .763(If a nu-)5.763 F .109(meric ar)144 156 R .109
-(gument is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)-.18 F .108
-(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(in-)2.608 E(putr)144 168 Q
-(c)-.37 E F0(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255macr)108 180 Q(os)-.18 E F0 .592
-(Print all of the readline k)144 192 R .892 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .592
-(equences bound to macros and the strings the).15 F 3.093(yo)-.15 G
-3.093(utput. If)-3.093 F 3.093(an)3.093 G(umeric)-3.093 E(ar)144 204 Q
+.763(Print all of the settable readline v)144 144 R .762
+(ariables and their v)-.25 F .762(alues to the readline output stream.)
+-.25 F .762(If a nu-)5.762 F .108(meric ar)144 156 R .108
+(gument is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)-.18 F .109
+(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(in-)2.609 E(putr)144 168 Q
+(c)-.37 E F0(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255macr)108 180 Q(os)-.18 E F0 .593
+(Print all of the readline k)144 192 R .893 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .592
+(equences bound to macros and the strings the).15 F 3.092(yo)-.15 G
+3.092(utput. If)-3.092 F 3.092(an)3.092 G(umeric)-3.092 E(ar)144 204 Q
.528(gument is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)-.18 F .528
-(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(inputr)3.027 E(c)-.37 E F0
+(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(inputr)3.028 E(c)-.37 E F0
(\214le.)144 216 Q F1(display\255shell\255v)108 228 Q
(ersion \(C\255x C\255v\))-.1 E F0(Display v)144 240 Q
(ersion information about the current instance of)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E
-F0(.)A F1(Pr)87 256.8 Q(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0 .146(When w)108
+F0(.)A F1(Pr)87 256.8 Q(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0 .147(When w)108
268.8 R .147(ord completion is attempted for an ar)-.1 F .147
(gument to a command for which a completion speci\214cation \(a)-.18 F
-F2(compspec)108 280.8 Q F0 3.829(\)h)C 1.329
-(as been de\214ned using the)-3.829 F F1(complete)3.829 E F0 -.2(bu)
+F2(compspec)108 280.8 Q F0 3.828(\)h)C 1.329
+(as been de\214ned using the)-3.828 F F1(complete)3.829 E F0 -.2(bu)
3.829 G 1.329(iltin \(see).2 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.329(SHELL B)3.829
-F(UIL)-.09 E 1.329(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.579 E 1.328(w\), the)
+F(UIL)-.09 E 1.329(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.579 E 1.329(w\), the)
-.25 F(programmable completion f)108 292.8 Q(acilities are in)-.1 E -.2
-(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E .497
-(First, the command name is identi\214ed.)108 309.6 R .497
-(If the command w)5.497 F .498
-(ord is the empty string \(completion attempted at)-.1 F .234(the be)108
+(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E .498
+(First, the command name is identi\214ed.)108 309.6 R .498
+(If the command w)5.498 F .497
+(ord is the empty string \(completion attempted at)-.1 F .233(the be)108
321.6 R .233(ginning of an empty line\), an)-.15 F 2.733(yc)-.15 G .233
(ompspec de\214ned with the)-2.733 F F1<ad45>2.733 E F0 .233(option to)
-2.733 F F1(complete)2.733 E F0 .233(is used.)2.733 F .233(If a comp-)
-5.233 F .481(spec has been de\214ned for that command, the compspec is \
-used to generate the list of possible completions)108 333.6 R .823
-(for the w)108 345.6 R 3.323(ord. If)-.1 F .823(the command w)3.323 F
-.822(ord is a full pathname, a compspec for the full pathname is search\
-ed for)-.1 F 2.866(\214rst. If)108 357.6 R .367(no compspec is found fo\
+2.733 F F1(complete)2.733 E F0 .233(is used.)2.733 F .234(If a comp-)
+5.234 F .481(spec has been de\214ned for that command, the compspec is \
+used to generate the list of possible completions)108 333.6 R .822
+(for the w)108 345.6 R 3.322(ord. If)-.1 F .822(the command w)3.322 F
+.823(ord is a full pathname, a compspec for the full pathname is search\
+ed for)-.1 F 2.867(\214rst. If)108 357.6 R .366(no compspec is found fo\
r the full pathname, an attempt is made to \214nd a compspec for the po\
-rtion)2.866 F(follo)108 369.6 Q .299(wing the \214nal slash.)-.25 F .298
-(If those searches do not result in a compspec, an)5.299 F 2.798(yc)-.15
-G .298(ompspec de\214ned with the)-2.798 F F1<ad44>2.798 E F0 .056
-(option to)108 381.6 R F1(complete)2.556 E F0 .056(is used as the def)
+rtion)2.867 F(follo)108 369.6 Q .298(wing the \214nal slash.)-.25 F .298
+(If those searches do not result in a compspec, an)5.298 F 2.799(yc)-.15
+G .299(ompspec de\214ned with the)-2.799 F F1<ad44>2.799 E F0 .057
+(option to)108 381.6 R F1(complete)2.557 E F0 .056(is used as the def)
2.556 F 2.556(ault. If)-.1 F .056(there is no def)2.556 F .056
(ault compspec,)-.1 F F1(bash)2.556 E F0 .056(attempts alias e)2.556 F
-.057(xpansion on)-.15 F .333(the command w)108 393.6 R .332(ord as a \
+.056(xpansion on)-.15 F .332(the command w)108 393.6 R .332(ord as a \
\214nal resort, and attempts to \214nd a compspec for the command w)-.1
-F .332(ord from an)-.1 F 2.832(ys)-.15 G(uc-)-2.832 E(cessful e)108
+F .332(ord from an)-.1 F 2.833(ys)-.15 G(uc-)-2.833 E(cessful e)108
405.6 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E .817(Once a compspec has been found, it is use\
d to generate the list of matching w)108 422.4 R 3.317(ords. If)-.1 F
3.317(ac)3.317 G .817(ompspec is not)-3.317 F(found, the def)108 434.4 Q
(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(completion as described abo)2.5 E .3 -.15
-(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1(Completing)2.5 E F0(is performed.)2.5 E .464
+(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1(Completing)2.5 E F0(is performed.)2.5 E .463
(First, the actions speci\214ed by the compspec are used.)108 451.2 R
-.463(Only matches which are pre\214x)5.464 F .463(ed by the w)-.15 F
-.463(ord being)-.1 F .595(completed are returned.)108 463.2 R .595
-(When the)5.595 F F1<ad66>3.095 E F0(or)3.095 E F1<ad64>3.095 E F0 .596
+.464(Only matches which are pre\214x)5.464 F .464(ed by the w)-.15 F
+.464(ord being)-.1 F .596(completed are returned.)108 463.2 R .596
+(When the)5.596 F F1<ad66>3.096 E F0(or)3.095 E F1<ad64>3.095 E F0 .595
(option is used for \214lename or directory name completion, the)3.095 F
(shell v)108 475.2 Q(ariable)-.25 E F3(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0
(is used to \214lter the matches.)2.25 E(An)108 492 Q 4.084(yc)-.15 G
1.584(ompletions speci\214ed by a pathname e)-4.084 F 1.584
(xpansion pattern to the)-.15 F F1<ad47>4.084 E F0 1.584
(option are generated ne)4.084 F 4.084(xt. The)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 504 S
-.554(rds generated by the pattern need not match the w).1 F .555
-(ord being completed.)-.1 F(The)5.555 E F3(GLOBIGNORE)3.055 E F0 .555
-(shell v)2.805 F(ari-)-.25 E
+.555(rds generated by the pattern need not match the w).1 F .554
+(ord being completed.)-.1 F(The)5.554 E F3(GLOBIGNORE)3.054 E F0 .554
+(shell v)2.804 F(ari-)-.25 E
(able is not used to \214lter the matches, b)108 516 Q(ut the)-.2 E F3
(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G(riable is used.).25 E(Ne)108 532.8 Q
-.321(xt, the string speci\214ed as the ar)-.15 F .321(gument to the)-.18
-F F1<ad57>2.821 E F0 .32(option is considered.)2.821 F .32
-(The string is \214rst split using the)5.32 F .412(characters in the)108
-544.8 R F3(IFS)2.912 E F0 .412(special v)2.662 F .412
+.32(xt, the string speci\214ed as the ar)-.15 F .32(gument to the)-.18 F
+F1<ad57>2.82 E F0 .321(option is considered.)2.821 F .321
+(The string is \214rst split using the)5.321 F .413(characters in the)
+108 544.8 R F3(IFS)2.913 E F0 .412(special v)2.663 F .412
(ariable as delimiters.)-.25 F .412(Shell quoting is honored.)5.412 F
-.413(Each w)5.412 F .413(ord is then e)-.1 F(xpanded)-.15 E .092
-(using brace e)108 556.8 R .092(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .092
-(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .092(ariable e)-.25 F .091
-(xpansion, command substitution, and arith-)-.15 F 1.396(metic e)108
+.412(Each w)5.412 F .412(ord is then e)-.1 F(xpanded)-.15 E .091
+(using brace e)108 556.8 R .091(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .092
+(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .092(ariable e)-.25 F .092
+(xpansion, command substitution, and arith-)-.15 F 1.397(metic e)108
568.8 R 1.396(xpansion, as described abo)-.15 F 1.696 -.15(ve u)-.15 H
(nder).15 E F3(EXP)3.896 E(ANSION)-.666 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0
1.396(The results are split using the rules described)5.896 F(abo)108
-580.8 Q .51 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.75(Wo)2.71 G .21
-(rd Splitting).75 F F0 5.21(.T)C .209(he results of the e)-5.21 F .209
-(xpansion are pre\214x-matched ag)-.15 F .209(ainst the w)-.05 F .209
+580.8 Q .509 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.75(Wo)2.709 G .209
+(rd Splitting).75 F F0 5.209(.T)C .209(he results of the e)-5.209 F .209
+(xpansion are pre\214x-matched ag)-.15 F .21(ainst the w)-.05 F .21
(ord being com-)-.1 F(pleted, and the matching w)108 592.8 Q
-(ords become the possible completions.)-.1 E .233
-(After these matches ha)108 609.6 R .533 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .233
-(een generated, an).15 F 2.733(ys)-.15 G .234
-(hell function or command speci\214ed with the)-2.733 F F1<ad46>2.734 E
-F0(and)2.734 E F1<ad43>2.734 E F0(op-)2.734 E 4.209(tions is in)108
-621.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 6.709(d. When).1 F 4.208
-(the command or function is in)6.709 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 4.208
-(d, the).1 F F3(COMP_LINE)6.708 E F4(,)A F3(COMP_POINT)6.458 E F4(,)A F3
-(COMP_KEY)108 633.6 Q F4(,)A F0(and)2.407 E F3(COMP_TYPE)2.657 E F0 -.25
-(va)2.407 G .157(riables are assigned v).25 F .157
-(alues as described abo)-.25 F .457 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 .158
-(Shell V)2.658 F(ariables)-.92 E F0 5.158(.I)C(f)-5.158 E 3.486(as)108
-645.6 S .986(hell function is being in)-3.486 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G
+(ords become the possible completions.)-.1 E .234
+(After these matches ha)108 609.6 R .534 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .234
+(een generated, an).15 F 2.734(ys)-.15 G .233
+(hell function or command speci\214ed with the)-2.734 F F1<ad46>2.733 E
+F0(and)2.733 E F1<ad43>2.733 E F0(op-)2.733 E 4.208(tions is in)108
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+(the command or function is in)6.708 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 4.209
+(d, the).1 F F3(COMP_LINE)6.709 E F4(,)A F3(COMP_POINT)6.459 E F4(,)A F3
+(COMP_KEY)108 633.6 Q F4(,)A F0(and)2.408 E F3(COMP_TYPE)2.658 E F0 -.25
+(va)2.408 G .157(riables are assigned v).25 F .157
+(alues as described abo)-.25 F .457 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 .157
+(Shell V)2.657 F(ariables)-.92 E F0 5.157(.I)C(f)-5.157 E 3.485(as)108
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.986(d, the).1 F F3(COMP_W)3.486 E(ORDS)-.09 E F0(and)3.236 E F3
(COMP_CW)3.486 E(ORD)-.09 E F0 -.25(va)3.236 G .986
-(riables are also set.).25 F(When)5.985 E .346
-(the function or command is in)108 657.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .346
-(d, the \214rst ar).1 F .346(gument \()-.18 F F1($1)A F0 2.847(\)i)C
-2.847(st)-2.847 G .347(he name of the command whose ar)-2.847 F(guments)
--.18 E .264(are being completed, the second ar)108 669.6 R .264
-(gument \()-.18 F F1($2)A F0 2.764(\)i)C 2.764(st)-2.764 G .264(he w)
--2.764 F .263(ord being completed, and the third ar)-.1 F .263
-(gument \()-.18 F F1($3)A F0 2.763(\)i)C(s)-2.763 E .628(the w)108 681.6
-R .628(ord preceding the w)-.1 F .629
-(ord being completed on the current command line.)-.1 F .629
-(No \214ltering of the generated)5.629 F .715(completions ag)108 693.6 R
-.715(ainst the w)-.05 F .714(ord being completed is performed; the func\
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+(the function or command is in)108 657.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .347
+(d, the \214rst ar).1 F .346(gument \()-.18 F F1($1)A F0 2.846(\)i)C
+2.846(st)-2.846 G .346(he name of the command whose ar)-2.846 F(guments)
+-.18 E .263(are being completed, the second ar)108 669.6 R .263
+(gument \()-.18 F F1($2)A F0 2.763(\)i)C 2.763(st)-2.763 G .264(he w)
+-2.763 F .264(ord being completed, and the third ar)-.1 F .264
+(gument \()-.18 F F1($3)A F0 2.764(\)i)C(s)-2.764 E .629(the w)108 681.6
+R .629(ord preceding the w)-.1 F .629
+(ord being completed on the current command line.)-.1 F .628
+(No \214ltering of the generated)5.629 F .714(completions ag)108 693.6 R
+.714(ainst the w)-.05 F .714(ord being completed is performed; the func\
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-108 705.6 Q(An)108 722.4 Q 2.937(yf)-.15 G .437
-(unction speci\214ed with)-2.93
7 F F1<ad46>2.937 E F0 .437(is in)2.937 F
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8 F F1<ad46>2.937 E F0 .437(is in)2.937 F
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-(he shell f)-2.937 F .438(acilities, including)-.1 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
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-/Times-Bold@0 SF(compgen)2.957 E F0 -.2(bu)2.957 G .457
+/Times-Bold@0 SF(compgen)2.956 E F0 -.2(bu)2.956 G .456
(iltin described belo).2 F 1.756 -.65(w, t)-.25 H 2.956(og).65 G .456
-(enerate the matches.)-2.956 F .456
+(enerate the matches.)-2.956 F .457
(It must put the possible completions in the)5.456 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0
SF(COMPREPL)108 96 Q(Y)-.828 E F0(array v)2.25 E
-(ariable, one per array element.)-.25 E(Ne)108 112.8 Q .08(xt, an)-.15 F
-2.58(yc)-.15 G .08(ommand speci\214ed with the)-2.58 F F1<ad43>2.58 E F0
-.081(option is in)2.581 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.581(di).1 G 2.581
-(na)-2.581 G 2.581(ne)-2.581 G -.4(nv)-2.581 G .081(ironment equi).4 F
--.25(va)-.25 G .081(lent to command sub-).25 F 2.859(stitution. It)108
-124.8 R .359(should print a list of completions, one per line, to the s\
-tandard output.)2.859 F .358(Backslash may be used)5.359 F
-(to escape a ne)108 136.8 Q(wline, if necessary)-.25 E(.)-.65 E .376
+(ariable, one per array element.)-.25 E(Ne)108 112.8 Q .081(xt, an)-.15
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-H .374(he command with embedded ne).15 F .373
-(wlines instead of semicolons.)-.25 F .373(See the)5.373 F .318
-(description of the)108 369.6 R F3(shopt)2.818 E F0 -.2(bu)2.818 G .318
+1.077(yntactic correctness.)-3.577 F(The)6.077 E F3(lithist)3.576 E F0
+.373(shell option causes the shell to sa)108 357.6 R .674 -.15(ve t)-.2
+H .374(he command with embedded ne).15 F .374
+(wlines instead of semicolons.)-.25 F .374(See the)5.374 F .319
+(description of the)108 369.6 R F3(shopt)2.819 E F0 -.2(bu)2.819 G .318
(iltin belo).2 F 2.818(wu)-.25 G(nder)-2.818 E F1 .318(SHELL B)2.818 F
-(UIL)-.09 E .318(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0 .319
+(UIL)-.09 E .318(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0 .318
(for information on setting and)2.568 F(unsetting shell options.)108
381.6 Q/F4 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)72 398.4 Q(OR)-.197 E 2.738(YE)
--.383 G(XP)-2.738 E(ANSION)-.81 E F0 .611
-(The shell supports a history e)108 410.4 R .611
-(xpansion feature that is similar to the history e)-.15 F .61
-(xpansion in)-.15 F F3(csh)3.11 E F0 5.61(.T)C .61(his section)-5.61 F
-.87(describes what syntax features are a)108 422.4 R -.25(va)-.2 G 3.371
-(ilable. This).25 F .871(feature is enabled by def)3.371 F .871
-(ault for interacti)-.1 F 1.171 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .871(hells, and).15 F
-.95(can be disabled using the)108 434.4 R F3(+H)3.449 E F0 .949
+-.383 G(XP)-2.738 E(ANSION)-.81 E F0 .61(The shell supports a history e)
+108 410.4 R .611(xpansion feature that is similar to the history e)-.15
+F .611(xpansion in)-.15 F F3(csh)3.111 E F0 5.611(.T)C .611(his section)
+-5.611 F .871(describes what syntax features are a)108 422.4 R -.25(va)
+-.2 G 3.371(ilable. This).25 F .871(feature is enabled by def)3.371 F
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+.949(can be disabled using the)108 434.4 R F3(+H)3.449 E F0 .949
(option to the)3.449 F F3(set)3.449 E F0 -.2(bu)3.449 G .949
-(iltin command \(see).2 F F1 .949(SHELL B)3.449 F(UIL)-.09 E .949
-(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(be-)3.199 E(lo)108 446.4 Q 2.5
+(iltin command \(see).2 F F1 .949(SHELL B)3.449 F(UIL)-.09 E .95
+(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(be-)3.2 E(lo)108 446.4 Q 2.5
(w\). Non-interacti)-.25 F .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H
(hells do not perform history e).15 E(xpansion by def)-.15 E(ault.)-.1 E
-1.305(History e)108 463.2 R 1.305(xpansions introduce w)-.15 F 1.306(or\
+1.306(History e)108 463.2 R 1.306(xpansions introduce w)-.15 F 1.306(or\
ds from the history list into the input stream, making it easy to repea\
-t)-.1 F .21(commands, insert the ar)108 475.2 R .21(guments to a pre)
--.18 F .209
+t)-.1 F .209(commands, insert the ar)108 475.2 R .209(guments to a pre)
+-.18 F .21
(vious command into the current input line, or \214x errors in pre)-.25
-F(vious)-.25 E(commands quickly)108 487.2 Q(.)-.65 E 1.163(History e)108
+F(vious)-.25 E(commands quickly)108 487.2 Q(.)-.65 E 1.164(History e)108
504 R 1.163(xpansion is performed immediately after a complete line is \
-read, before the shell breaks it into)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 516 S .252
+read, before the shell breaks it into)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 516 S .251
(rds, and is performed on each line indi).1 F .251
-(vidually without taking quoting on pre)-.25 F .251
-(vious lines into account.)-.25 F(It)5.251 E(tak)108 528 Q .145
-(es place in tw)-.1 F 2.645(op)-.1 G 2.646(arts. The)-2.645 F .146(\214\
+(vidually without taking quoting on pre)-.25 F .252
+(vious lines into account.)-.25 F(It)5.252 E(tak)108 528 Q .146
+(es place in tw)-.1 F 2.646(op)-.1 G 2.646(arts. The)-2.646 F .146(\214\
rst is to determine which line from the history list to use during subs\
titution.)2.646 F .766(The second is to select portions of that line fo\
-r inclusion into the current one.)108 540 R .766
-(The line selected from the)5.766 F .253(history is the)108 552 R/F5 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF -.15(ev)2.753 G(ent).15 E F0 2.753(,a)C .253
+r inclusion into the current one.)108 540 R .767
+(The line selected from the)5.767 F .254(history is the)108 552 R/F5 10
+/Times-Italic@0 SF -.15(ev)2.754 G(ent).15 E F0 2.753(,a)C .253
(nd the portions of that line that are acted upon are)-2.753 F F5(wor)
-2.753 E(ds)-.37 E F0 5.253(.V)C(arious)-6.363 E F5(modi\214er)2.754 E(s)
--.1 E F0 .254(are a)2.754 F -.25(va)-.2 G(il-).25 E .539
-(able to manipulate the selected w)108 564 R 3.039(ords. The)-.1 F .538
-(line is brok)3.038 F .538(en into w)-.1 F .538(ords in the same f)-.1 F
-.538(ashion as when reading)-.1 F .572(input, so that se)108 576 R -.15
-(ve)-.25 G(ral).15 E F5(metac)3.072 E(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E F0 .572
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+-.1 E F0 .253(are a)2.753 F -.25(va)-.2 G(il-).25 E .538
+(able to manipulate the selected w)108 564 R 3.038(ords. The)-.1 F .538
+(line is brok)3.038 F .538(en into w)-.1 F .539(ords in the same f)-.1 F
+.539(ashion as when reading)-.1 F .573(input, so that se)108 576 R -.15
+(ve)-.25 G(ral).15 E F5(metac)3.073 E(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E F0 .572
(-separated w)B .572(ords surrounded by quotes are considered one w)-.1
-F 3.073(ord. His-)-.1 F .356(tory e)108 588 R .355
+F 3.072(ord. His-)-.1 F .355(tory e)108 588 R .355
(xpansions are introduced by the appearance of the history e)-.15 F .355
-(xpansion character)-.15 F 2.855(,w)-.4 G .355(hich is)-2.855 F F3(!)
-3.688 E F0 .355(by def)3.688 F(ault.)-.1 E .79(Only backslash \()108 600
-R F3(\\).833 E F0 3.29(\)a).833 G .79
-(nd single quotes can quote the history e)-3.29 F .79
-(xpansion character)-.15 F 3.291(,b)-.4 G .791(ut the history e)-3.491 F
+(xpansion character)-.15 F 2.855(,w)-.4 G .356(hich is)-2.855 F F3(!)
+3.689 E F0 .356(by def)3.689 F(ault.)-.1 E .791(Only backslash \()108
+600 R F3(\\).833 E F0 3.291(\)a).833 G .79
+(nd single quotes can quote the history e)-3.291 F .79
+(xpansion character)-.15 F 3.29(,b)-.4 G .79(ut the history e)-3.49 F
(xpansion)-.15 E .789(character is also treated as quoted if it immedia\
tely precedes the closing double quote in a double-quoted)108 612 R
(string.)108 624 Q(Se)108 640.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .03
(ral characters inhibit history e).15 F .03
(xpansion if found immediately follo)-.15 F .03(wing the history e)-.25
F .03(xpansion character)-.15 F(,)-.4 E -2.15 -.25(ev e)108 652.8 T
-3.163(ni).25 G 3.163(fi)-3.163 G 3.162(ti)-3.163 G 3.162(su)-3.162 G
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.662(nquoted: space, tab, ne)-3.162 F .662(wline, carriage return, and)
-.25 F F3(=)3.162 E F0 5.662(.I)C 3.162(ft)-5.662 G(he)-3.162 E F3
-(extglob)3.162 E F0 .662(shell option is enabled,)3.162 F F3(\()3.162 E
+(extglob)3.162 E F0 .662(shell option is enabled,)3.162 F F3(\()3.163 E
F0(will also inhibit e)108 664.8 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E(Se)108 681.6 Q -.15
-(ve)-.25 G .109(ral shell options settable with the).15 F F3(shopt)2.609
-E F0 -.2(bu)2.609 G .11(iltin may be used to tailor the beha).2 F .11
-(vior of history e)-.2 F(xpansion.)-.15 E .232(If the)108 693.6 R F3
-(histv)2.732 E(erify)-.1 E F0 .231
+(ve)-.25 G .11(ral shell options settable with the).15 F F3(shopt)2.61 E
+F0 -.2(bu)2.61 G .109(iltin may be used to tailor the beha).2 F .109
+(vior of history e)-.2 F(xpansion.)-.15 E .231(If the)108 693.6 R F3
+(histv)2.731 E(erify)-.1 E F0 .231
(shell option is enabled \(see the description of the)2.731 F F3(shopt)
2.731 E F0 -.2(bu)2.731 G .231(iltin belo).2 F .231(w\), and)-.25 F F3
--.18(re)2.731 G(adline).18 E F0 .231(is be-)2.731 F .449(ing used, hist\
+-.18(re)2.731 G(adline).18 E F0 .232(is be-)2.732 F .449(ing used, hist\
ory substitutions are not immediately passed to the shell parser)108
-705.6 R 5.449(.I)-.55 G .449(nstead, the e)-5.449 F .449
+705.6 R 5.449(.I)-.55 G .448(nstead, the e)-5.449 F .448
(xpanded line is)-.15 F 2.228(reloaded into the)108 717.6 R F3 -.18(re)
4.728 G(adline).18 E F0 2.228(editing b)4.728 F(uf)-.2 E 2.228
(fer for further modi\214cation.)-.25 F(If)7.228 E F3 -.18(re)4.728 G
Q(eedit)-.18 E F0 1.202(shell option is enabled, a f)3.702 F 1.202
(ailed history substitution will be reloaded into the)-.1 F F3 -.18(re)
3.702 G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.702 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E -.2(bu)108 84 S
--.25(ff).2 G .304(er for correction.).25 F(The)5.304 E/F1 10
-/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad70>2.804 E F0 .304(option to the)2.804 F F1(history)
-2.804 E F0 -.2(bu)2.804 G .303
+-.25(ff).2 G .303(er for correction.).25 F(The)5.303 E/F1 10
+/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad70>2.803 E F0 .303(option to the)2.803 F F1(history)
+2.804 E F0 -.2(bu)2.804 G .304
(iltin command may be used to see what a history e).2 F(x-)-.15 E .52
(pansion will do before using it.)108 96 R(The)5.52 E F1<ad73>3.02 E F0
.52(option to the)3.02 F F1(history)3.02 E F0 -.2(bu)3.02 G .52
(iltin may be used to add commands to the).2 F
(end of the history list without actually e)108 108 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G
(cuting them, so that the).15 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re a)-2.5 E -.25(va)-.2 G
-(ilable for subsequent recall.).25 E 1.109(The shell allo)108 124.8 R
+(ilable for subsequent recall.).25 E 1.108(The shell allo)108 124.8 R
1.108(ws control of the v)-.25 F 1.108
(arious characters used by the history e)-.25 F 1.108
-(xpansion mechanism \(see the de-)-.15 F .162(scription of)108 136.8 R
-F1(histchars)2.662 E F0(abo)2.662 E .462 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1
-.163(Shell V)2.662 F(ariables)-.92 E F0 2.663(\). The)B .163
+(xpansion mechanism \(see the de-)-.15 F .163(scription of)108 136.8 R
+F1(histchars)2.663 E F0(abo)2.663 E .463 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1
+.163(Shell V)2.663 F(ariables)-.92 E F0 2.663(\). The)B .162
(shell uses the history comment character to mark)2.663 F
(history timestamps when writing the history \214le.)108 148.8 Q F1(Ev)
-87 165.6 Q(ent Designators)-.1 E F0 .205(An e)108 177.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
+87 165.6 Q(ent Designators)-.1 E F0 .204(An e)108 177.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
.204(nt designator is a reference to a command line entry in the histor\
-y list.).15 F .204(Unless the reference is abso-)5.204 F(lute, e)108
+y list.).15 F .205(Unless the reference is abso-)5.204 F(lute, e)108
189.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(nts are relati).15 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.5(ot)
.15 G(he current position in the history list.)-2.5 E F1(!)108 206.4 Q
-F0 1.607(Start a history substitution, e)144 206.4 R 1.607
+F0 1.608(Start a history substitution, e)144 206.4 R 1.608
(xcept when follo)-.15 F 1.607(wed by a)-.25 F F1(blank)4.107 E F0 4.107
-(,n)C -.25(ew)-4.107 G 1.608(line, carriage return, = or \().25 F
+(,n)C -.25(ew)-4.107 G 1.607(line, carriage return, = or \().25 F
(\(when the)144 218.4 Q F1(extglob)2.5 E F0
(shell option is enabled using the)2.5 E F1(shopt)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G
(iltin\).).2 E F1(!)108 230.4 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0
F2(string)144.34 278.4 Q F0(.).22 E F1(!?)108 290.4 Q F2(string)A F1
([?])A F0 1.503(Refer to the most recent command preceding the current \
position in the history list containing)144 302.4 R F2(string)144.34
-314.4 Q F0 5.497(.T).22 G .497(he trailing)-5.497 F F1(?)2.997 E F0 .497
-(may be omitted if)2.997 F F2(string)3.337 E F0 .496(is follo)3.216 F
-.496(wed immediately by a ne)-.25 F 2.996(wline. If)-.25 F F2(string)
-2.996 E F0(is)2.996 E .39(missing, the string from the most recent sear\
-ch is used; it is an error if there is no pre)144 326.4 R .391
+314.4 Q F0 5.496(.T).22 G .496(he trailing)-5.496 F F1(?)2.996 E F0 .496
+(may be omitted if)2.996 F F2(string)3.336 E F0 .497(is follo)3.216 F
+.497(wed immediately by a ne)-.25 F 2.997(wline. If)-.25 F F2(string)
+2.997 E F0(is)2.997 E .391(missing, the string from the most recent sea\
+rch is used; it is an error if there is no pre)144 326.4 R .39
(vious search)-.25 F(string.)144 338.4 Q/F3 12/Times-Bold@0 SF(^)108
-355.4 Q F2(string1)-5 I F3(^)5 I F2(string2)-5 I F3(^)5 I F0 .753
-(Quick substitution.)144 362.4 R .753(Repeat the pre)5.753 F .753
+355.4 Q F2(string1)-5 I F3(^)5 I F2(string2)-5 I F3(^)5 I F0 .752
+(Quick substitution.)144 362.4 R .752(Repeat the pre)5.752 F .753
(vious command, replacing)-.25 F F2(string1)3.593 E F0(with)3.253 E F2
-(string2)3.592 E F0 5.752(.E).02 G(qui)-5.752 E -.25(va)-.25 G .752
+(string2)3.593 E F0 5.753(.E).02 G(qui)-5.753 E -.25(va)-.25 G .753
(lent to).25 F -.74(``)144 374.4 S(!!:s).74 E/F4 12/Times-Roman@0 SF(^)5
I F2(string1)-5 I F4(^)5 I F2(string2)-5 I F4(^)5 I F0 1.48 -.74('' \()
-5 L(see).74 E F1(Modi\214ers)2.5 E F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(!#)108
386.4 Q F0(The entire command line typed so f)144 386.4 Q(ar)-.1 E(.)
-.55 E F1 -.75(Wo)87 403.2 S(rd Designators).75 E F0 -.8(Wo)108 415.2 S
-1.313(rd designators are used to select desired w).8 F 1.314
+1.314(rd designators are used to select desired w).8 F 1.314
(ords from the e)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.814(nt. A).15 F F1(:)3.814 E F0
-1.314(separates the e)3.814 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.314(nt speci\214cation)
-.15 F .53(from the w)108 427.2 R .529(ord designator)-.1 F 5.529(.I)-.55
-G 3.029(tm)-5.529 G .529(ay be omitted if the w)-3.029 F .529
+1.313(separates the e)3.813 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.313(nt speci\214cation)
+.15 F .529(from the w)108 427.2 R .529(ord designator)-.1 F 5.529(.I)
+-.55 G 3.029(tm)-5.529 G .529(ay be omitted if the w)-3.029 F .529
(ord designator be)-.1 F .529(gins with a)-.15 F F1(^)3.029 E F0(,)A F1
($)3.029 E F0(,)A F1(*)3.029 E F0(,)A F1<ad>3.029 E F0 3.029(,o)C(r)
--3.029 E F1(%)3.029 E F0 5.529(.W)C(ords)-6.329 E .515
+-3.029 E F1(%)3.029 E F0 5.53(.W)C(ords)-6.33 E .516
(are numbered from the be)108 439.2 R .516
(ginning of the line, with the \214rst w)-.15 F .516
-(ord being denoted by 0 \(zero\).)-.1 F -.8(Wo)5.516 G .516(rds are in-)
+(ord being denoted by 0 \(zero\).)-.1 F -.8(Wo)5.515 G .515(rds are in-)
.8 F(serted into the current line separated by single spaces.)108 451.2
Q F1 2.5(0\()108 468 S(zer)-2.5 E(o\))-.18 E F0(The zeroth w)144 480 Q
2.5(ord. F)-.1 F(or the shell, this is the command w)-.15 E(ord.)-.1 E
F2(n)108.36 492 Q F0(The)144 492 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(th w)A(ord.)-.1 E F1(^)
108 504 Q F0(The \214rst ar)144 504 Q 2.5(gument. That)-.18 F(is, w)2.5
-E(ord 1.)-.1 E F1($)108 516 Q F0 .064(The last w)144 516 R 2.564
-(ord. This)-.1 F .064(is usually the last ar)2.564 F .064(gument, b)-.18
-F .064(ut will e)-.2 F .064(xpand to the zeroth w)-.15 F .063
+E(ord 1.)-.1 E F1($)108 516 Q F0 .063(The last w)144 516 R 2.563
+(ord. This)-.1 F .063(is usually the last ar)2.563 F .064(gument, b)-.18
+F .064(ut will e)-.2 F .064(xpand to the zeroth w)-.15 F .064
(ord if there is only)-.1 F(one w)144 528 Q(ord in the line.)-.1 E F1(%)
-108 540 Q F0 1.419(The \214rst w)144 540 R 1.419
-(ord matched by the most recent `?)-.1 F F2(string)A F0 1.42
-(?' search, if the search string be)B 1.42(gins with a)-.15 F
+108 540 Q F0 1.42(The \214rst w)144 540 R 1.42
+(ord matched by the most recent `?)-.1 F F2(string)A F0 1.419
+(?' search, if the search string be)B 1.419(gins with a)-.15 F
(character that is part of a w)144 552 Q(ord.)-.1 E F2(x)108.77 564 Q F1
<ad>A F2(y)A F0 2.5(Ar)144 564 S(ange of w)-2.5 E(ords; `\255)-.1 E F2
(y)A F0 2.5('a)C(bbre)-2.5 E(viates `0\255)-.25 E F2(y)A F0('.)A F1(*)
-108 576 Q F0 .316(All of the w)144 576 R .316(ords b)-.1 F .316
+108 576 Q F0 .315(All of the w)144 576 R .315(ords b)-.1 F .315
(ut the zeroth.)-.2 F .315(This is a synon)5.315 F .315(ym for `)-.15 F
F2(1\255$)A F0 2.815('. It)B .315(is not an error to use)2.815 F F1(*)
-2.815 E F0 .315(if there is)2.815 F(just one w)144 588 Q(ord in the e)
+2.816 E F0 .316(if there is)2.816 F(just one w)144 588 Q(ord in the e)
-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt; the empty string is returned in that case.).15
E F1(x*)108 600 Q F0(Abbre)144 600 Q(viates)-.25 E F2(x\255$)2.5 E F0(.)
A F1<78ad>108 612 Q F0(Abbre)144 612 Q(viates)-.25 E F2(x\255$)2.5 E F0
E(If a w)108 628.8 Q(ord designator is supplied without an e)-.1 E -.15
(ve)-.25 G(nt speci\214cation, the pre).15 E
(vious command is used as the e)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt.).15 E F1
-(Modi\214ers)87 645.6 Q F0 .183(After the optional w)108 657.6 R .183
-(ord designator)-.1 F 2.683(,t)-.4 G .184
-(here may appear a sequence of one or more of the follo)-2.683 F .184
+(Modi\214ers)87 645.6 Q F0 .184(After the optional w)108 657.6 R .184
+(ord designator)-.1 F 2.684(,t)-.4 G .183
+(here may appear a sequence of one or more of the follo)-2.684 F .183
(wing modi\214ers,)-.25 F(each preceded by a `:'.)108 669.6 Q
(These modify)5 E 2.5(,o)-.65 G 2.5(re)-2.5 G(dit, the w)-2.5 E
(ord or w)-.1 E(ords selected from the history e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ll leading \214lename components, lea).15 E(ving the tail.)-.2 E F1(r)
108 710.4 Q F0(Remo)144 710.4 Q .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H(railing suf).15 E
(\214x of the form)-.25 E F2(.xxx)2.5 E F0 2.5(,l)C(ea)-2.5 E
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(ut the trailing suf)-.2 E(\214x.)-.25 E F1(p)108 96 Q F0(Print the ne)
144 96 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(ommand b)-2.5 E(ut do not e)-.2 E -.15(xe)-.15 G
(cute it.).15 E F1(q)108 108 Q F0(Quote the substituted w)144 108 Q
-(ords, escaping further substitutions.)-.1 E F1(x)108 120 Q F0 .386
-(Quote the substituted w)144 120 R .386(ords as with)-.1 F F1(q)2.886 E
-F0 2.886(,b)C .386(ut break into w)-3.086 F .385(ords at)-.1 F F1
-(blanks)2.885 E F0 .385(and ne)2.885 F 2.885(wlines. The)-.25 F F1(q)
-2.885 E F0(and)2.885 E F1(x)2.885 E F0(modi\214ers are mutually e)144
+(ords, escaping further substitutions.)-.1 E F1(x)108 120 Q F0 .385
+(Quote the substituted w)144 120 R .385(ords as with)-.1 F F1(q)2.885 E
+F0 2.885(,b)C .386(ut break into w)-3.085 F .386(ords at)-.1 F F1
+(blanks)2.886 E F0 .386(and ne)2.886 F 2.886(wlines. The)-.25 F F1(q)
+2.886 E F0(and)2.886 E F1(x)2.886 E F0(modi\214ers are mutually e)144
132 Q(xclusi)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(;t).15 G
(he last one supplied is used.)-2.5 E F1(s/)108 144 Q/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(old)A F1(/)A F2(ne)A(w)-.15 E F1(/)A F0(Substitute)
-144 156 Q F2(ne)3.328 E(w)-.15 E F0 .469(for the \214rst occurrence of)
-3.278 F F2(old)3.199 E F0 .469(in the e)3.739 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .469
+144 156 Q F2(ne)3.329 E(w)-.15 E F0 .469(for the \214rst occurrence of)
+3.279 F F2(old)3.199 E F0 .469(in the e)3.739 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .469
(nt line.).15 F(An)5.469 E 2.969(yc)-.15 G .469
-(haracter may be used as the)-2.969 F .954(delimiter in place of /.)144
+(haracter may be used as the)-2.969 F .953(delimiter in place of /.)144
168 R .953
(The \214nal delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the e)
-5.953 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .953(nt line.).15 F .131
+5.953 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .954(nt line.).15 F .131
(The delimiter may be quoted in)144 180 R F2(old)2.861 E F0(and)3.401 E
F2(ne)2.991 E(w)-.15 E F0 .131(with a single backslash.)2.941 F .131
(If & appears in)5.131 F F2(ne)2.991 E(w)-.15 E F0 2.631(,i).31 G 2.631
-(ti)-2.631 G 2.631(sr)-2.631 G(e-)-2.631 E .62(placed by)144 192 R F2
+(ti)-2.631 G 2.631(sr)-2.631 G(e-)-2.631 E .619(placed by)144 192 R F2
(old)3.349 E F0 5.619(.A).77 G .619(single backslash will quote the &.)
-2.5 F(If)5.619 E F2(old)3.349 E F0 .619(is null, it is set to the last)
-3.889 F F2(old)3.349 E F0(substi-)3.889 E .486(tuted, or)144 204 R 2.986
-(,i)-.4 G 2.986(fn)-2.986 G 2.986(op)-2.986 G(re)-2.986 E .486
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+(,i)-.4 G 2.987(fn)-2.987 G 2.987(op)-2.987 G(re)-2.987 E .486
(vious history substitutions took place, the last)-.25 F F2(string)3.326
-E F0 .487(in a)3.206 F F1(!?)2.987 E F2(string)A F1([?])A F0 2.987
-(search. If)5.487 F F2(ne)144.36 216 Q(w)-.15 E F0
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+(search. If)5.486 F F2(ne)144.36 216 Q(w)-.15 E F0
(is null, each matching)2.81 E F2(old)2.73 E F0(is deleted.)3.27 E F1(&)
108 228 Q F0(Repeat the pre)144 228 Q(vious substitution.)-.25 E F1(g)
-108 240 Q F0 .398(Cause changes to be applied o)144 240 R -.15(ve)-.15 G
-2.898(rt).15 G .398(he entire e)-2.898 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .398(nt line.)
-.15 F .397(This is used in conjunction with `)5.398 F F1(:s)A F0 2.897
-('\()C(e.g.,)-2.897 E(`)144 252 Q F1(:gs/)A F2(old)A F1(/)A F2(ne)A(w)
--.15 E F1(/)A F0 .35('\) or `)B F1(:&)A F0 2.85('. If)B .35(used with `)
-2.85 F F1(:s)A F0 .35(', an)B 2.85(yd)-.15 G .351
-(elimiter can be used in place of /, and the \214nal de-)-2.85 F
+108 240 Q F0 .397(Cause changes to be applied o)144 240 R -.15(ve)-.15 G
+2.897(rt).15 G .398(he entire e)-2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .398(nt line.)
+.15 F .398(This is used in conjunction with `)5.398 F F1(:s)A F0 2.898
+('\()C(e.g.,)-2.898 E(`)144 252 Q F1(:gs/)A F2(old)A F1(/)A F2(ne)A(w)
+-.15 E F1(/)A F0 .351('\) or `)B F1(:&)A F0 2.851('. If)B .351
+(used with `)2.851 F F1(:s)A F0 .351(', an)B 2.851(yd)-.15 G .35
+(elimiter can be used in place of /, and the \214nal de-)-2.851 F
(limiter is optional if it is the last character of the e)144 264 Q -.15
(ve)-.25 G(nt line.).15 E(An)5 E F1(a)2.5 E F0(may be used as a synon)
2.5 E(ym for)-.15 E F1(g)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(G)108 276 Q F0(Apply the follo)
144 276 Q(wing `)-.25 E F1(s)A F0 2.5('o)C 2.5(r`)-2.5 G F1(&)-2.5 E F0
2.5('m)C(odi\214er once to each w)-2.5 E(ord in the e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25
G(nt line.).15 E/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)72 292.8 Q(UIL)-.11 E
-(TIN COMMANDS)-1.007 E F0 .063(Unless otherwise noted, each b)108 304.8
+(TIN COMMANDS)-1.007 E F0 .062(Unless otherwise noted, each b)108 304.8
R .062(uiltin command documented in this section as accepting options p\
receded by)-.2 F F1<ad>108 316.8 Q F0(accepts)3.077 E F1<adad>3.077 E F0
.577(to signify the end of the options.)3.077 F(The)5.577 E F1(:)3.077 E
F0(,)A F1(true)3.077 E F0(,)A F1(false)3.077 E F0 3.077(,a)C(nd)-3.077 E
F1(test)3.077 E F0(/)A F1([)A F0 -.2(bu)3.077 G .577
-(iltins do not accept options).2 F .462(and do not treat)108 328.8 R F1
+(iltins do not accept options).2 F .461(and do not treat)108 328.8 R F1
<adad>2.961 E F0(specially)2.961 E 5.461(.T)-.65 G(he)-5.461 E F1(exit)
2.961 E F0(,)A F1(logout)2.961 E F0(,)A F1 -.18(re)2.961 G(tur).18 E(n)
-.15 E F0(,)A F1(br)2.961 E(eak)-.18 E F0(,)A F1(continue)2.961 E F0(,)A
F1(let)2.961 E F0 2.961(,a)C(nd)-2.961 E F1(shift)2.961 E F0 -.2(bu)
-2.961 G .461(iltins accept and).2 F .26(process ar)108 340.8 R .26
-(guments be)-.18 F .26(ginning with)-.15 F F1<ad>2.76 E F0 .261
-(without requiring)2.76 F F1<adad>2.761 E F0 5.261(.O)C .261(ther b)
--5.261 F .261(uiltins that accept ar)-.2 F .261(guments b)-.18 F .261
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+(guments be)-.18 F .261(ginning with)-.15 F F1<ad>2.761 E F0 .261
+(without requiring)2.76
1 F F1<adad>2.761 E F0 5.261(.O)C .261(ther b)
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(ut are not)-.2 F 1.154(speci\214ed as accepting options interpret ar)
108 352.8 R 1.154(guments be)-.18 F 1.154(ginning with)-.15 F F1<ad>
3.654 E F0 1.154(as in)3.654 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.154
(lid options and require).25 F F1<adad>3.654 E F0(to)3.654 E(pre)108
364.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt this interpretation.).15 E F1(:)108 382.8 Q F0
-([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .451(No ef)144 394.8 R .451
+([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .452(No ef)144 394.8 R .452
(fect; the command does nothing be)-.25 F .452(yond e)-.15 F(xpanding)
--.15 E F2(ar)3.282 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .452(and performing an)3.222 F
-2.952(ys)-.15 G(peci\214ed)-2.952 E 2.5(redirections. The)144 406.8 R
+-.15 E F2(ar)3.282 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .451(and performing an)3.221 F
+2.951(ys)-.15 G(peci\214ed)-2.951 E 2.5(redirections. The)144 406.8 R
(return status is zero.)2.5 E F1(.)110.5 423.6 Q F2(\214lename)6.666 E
F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A F1(sour)108 435.6 Q(ce)-.18 E
F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A 1.02
(Read and e)144 447.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.02(cute commands from).15 F F2
(\214lename)5.43 E F0 1.02(in the current shell en)3.7 F 1.02
-(vironment and return the e)-.4 F(xit)-.15 E 1.33
+(vironment and return the e)-.4 F(xit)-.15 E 1.331
(status of the last command e)144 459.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.331
(cuted from).15 F F2(\214lename)5.741 E F0 6.331(.I).18 G(f)-6.331 E F2
-(\214lename)5.741 E F0 1.331(does not contain a slash, \214le-)4.011 F
-.023(names in)144 471.6 R/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)2.523 G(TH)-.189
-E F0 .022(are used to \214nd the directory containing)2.273 F F2
+(\214lename)5.741 E F0 1.33(does not contain a slash, \214le-)4.011 F
+.022(names in)144 471.6 R/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)2.522 G(TH)-.189
+E F0 .022(are used to \214nd the directory containing)2.272 F F2
(\214lename)4.432 E F0 2.522(,b).18 G(ut)-2.722 E F2(\214lename)2.522 E
-F0 .022(does not need to be)2.522 F -.15(exe)144 483.6 S 3.86
-(cutable. The).15 F 1.36(\214le searched for in)3.86 F F4 -.666(PA)3.86
-G(TH)-.189 E F0 1.361(need not be e)3.61 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.861
-(cutable. When).15 F F1(bash)3.861 E F0 1.361(is not in)3.861 F F2
-(posix)3.861 E(mode)144 495.6 Q F0 2.649(,t)C .148
-(he current directory is searched if no \214le is found in)-2.649 F F4
--.666(PA)2.648 G(TH)-.189 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .148(If the)
-4.648 F F1(sour)2.648 E(cepath)-.18 E F0 .148(option to the)2.648 F F1
-(shopt)144 507.6 Q F0 -.2(bu)3.659 G 1.159(iltin command is turned of).2
-F 1.159(f, the)-.25 F F4 -.666(PA)3.659 G(TH)-.189 E F0 1.159
-(is not searched.)3.409 F 1.16(If an)6.159 F(y)-.15 E F2(ar)3.66 E
-(guments)-.37 E F0 1.16(are supplied,)3.66 F(the)144 519.6 Q 3.692(yb)
--.15 G 1.192(ecome the positional parameters when)-3.692 F F2
-(\214lename)3.692 E F0 1.192(is e)3.692 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.691
-(cuted. Otherwise).15 F 1.191(the positional pa-)3.691 F .82
+F0 .023(does not need to be)2.523 F -.15(exe)144 483.6 S 3.861
+(cutable. The).15 F 1.361(\214le searched for in)3.861 F F4 -.666(PA)
+3.861 G(TH)-.189 E F0 1.361(need not be e)3.611 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.86
+(cutable. When).15 F F1(bash)3.86 E F0 1.36(is not in)3.86 F F2(posix)
+3.86 E(mode)144 495.6 Q F0 2.648(,t)C .148
+(he current directory is searched if no \214le is found in)-2.648 F F4
+-.666(PA)2.648 G(TH)-.189 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .149(If the)
+4.648 F F1(sour)2.649 E(cepath)-.18 E F0 .149(option to the)2.649 F F1
+(shopt)144 507.6 Q F0 -.2(bu)3.66 G 1.16(iltin command is turned of).2 F
+1.159(f, the)-.25 F F4 -.666(PA)3.659 G(TH)-.189 E F0 1.159
+(is not searched.)3.409 F 1.159(If an)6.159 F(y)-.15 E F2(ar)3.659 E
+(guments)-.37 E F0 1.159(are supplied,)3.659 F(the)144 519.6 Q 3.691(yb)
+-.15 G 1.191(ecome the positional parameters when)-3.691 F F2
+(\214lename)3.692 E F0 1.192(is e)3.692 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.692
+(cuted. Otherwise).15 F 1.192(the positional pa-)3.692 F .82
(rameters are unchanged.)144 531.6 R .82(If the)5.82 F F1<ad54>3.32 E F0
.82(option is enabled,)3.32 F F1(.)3.32 E F0 .82(inherits an)3.32 F 3.32
(yt)-.15 G .82(rap on)-3.32 F F1(DEB)3.32 E(UG)-.1 E F0 3.32(;i)C 3.32
(fi)-3.32 G 3.32(ti)-3.32 G 3.32(sn)-3.32 G(ot,)-3.32 E(an)144 543.6 Q
-(y)-.15 E F1(DEB)3.323 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .823(trap string is sa)3.323 F -.15
+(y)-.15 E F1(DEB)3.322 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .822(trap string is sa)3.322 F -.15
(ve)-.2 G 3.322(da).15 G .822(nd restored around the call to)-3.322 F F1
-(.)3.322 E F0 3.322(,a)C(nd)-3.322 E F1(.)3.322 E F0 .822(unsets the)
-3.322 F F1(DEB)3.322 E(UG)-.1 E F0(trap)3.322 E .226(while it e)144
-555.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.72
6(cutes. If).15 F F1<ad54>2.727 E F0 .227
+(.)3.322 E F0 3.322(,a)C(nd)-3.322 E F1(.)3.322 E F0 .823(unsets the)
+3.323 F F1(DEB)3.323 E(UG)-.1 E F0(trap)3.323 E .227(while it e)144
+555.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.72
7(cutes. If).15 F F1<ad54>2.727 E F0 .227
(is not set, and the sourced \214le changes the)2.727 F F1(DEB)2.727 E
-(UG)-.1 E F0 .227(trap, the ne)2.727 F 2.727(wv)-.25 G .227(alue is)
--2.977 F .891(retained when)144 567.6 R F1(.)3.391 E F0 3.391
-(completes. The)3.391 F .891
-(return status is the status of the last command e)3.391 F .89
+(UG)-.1 E F0 .227(trap, the ne)2.727 F 2.726(wv)-.25 G .226(alue is)
+-2.976 F .89(retained when)144 567.6 R F1(.)3.39 E F0 3.39
+(completes. The)3.39 F .891
+(return status is the status of the last command e)3.39 F .891
(xited within the)-.15 F(script \(0 if no commands are e)144 579.6 Q
-.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted\), and f).15 E(alse if)-.1 E F2(\214lename)4.41 E
F0(is not found or cannot be read.)2.68 E F1(alias)108 596.4 Q F0([)2.5
E F1<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C
-(..])-2.5 E F1(Alias)144 608.4 Q F0 2.724(with no ar)5.224 F 2.724
+(..])-2.5 E F1(Alias)144 608.4 Q F0 2.725(with no ar)5.225 F 2.724
(guments or with the)-.18 F F1<ad70>5.224 E F0 2.724
-(option prints the list of aliases in the form)5.224 F F1(alias)5.225 E
+(option prints the list of aliases in the form)5.224 F F1(alias)5.224 E
F2(name)144 620.4 Q F0(=)A F2(value)A F0 .58(on standard output.)3.08 F
.58(When ar)5.58 F .58
(guments are supplied, an alias is de\214ned for each)-.18 F F2(name)
-3.08 E F0(whose)144 632.4 Q F2(value)2.508 E F0 .009(is gi)2.508 F -.15
+3.08 E F0(whose)144 632.4 Q F2(value)2.509 E F0 .009(is gi)2.509 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G 2.509(n. A).15 F .009(trailing space in)2.509 F F2(value)
2.509 E F0 .009(causes the ne)2.509 F .009(xt w)-.15 F .009
-(ord to be check)-.1 F .009(ed for alias substi-)-.1 F .579
+(ord to be check)-.1 F .008(ed for alias substi-)-.1 F .579
(tution when the alias is e)144 644.4 R 3.079(xpanded. F)-.15 F .579
(or each)-.15 F F2(name)3.079 E F0 .579(in the ar)3.079 F .579
-(gument list for which no)-.18 F F2(value)3.079 E F0 .578(is sup-)3.078
-F 1.313(plied, the name and v)144 656.4 R 1.314
+(gument list for which no)-.18 F F2(value)3.079 E F0 .579(is sup-)3.079
+F 1.314(plied, the name and v)144 656.4 R 1.314
(alue of the alias is printed.)-.25 F F1(Alias)6.314 E F0 1.314
-(returns true unless a)3.814 F F2(name)3.814 E F0 1.314(is gi)3.814 F
--.15(ve)-.25 G 3.814(nf).15 G(or)-3.814 E
+(returns true unless a)3.814 F F2(name)3.814 E F0 1.313(is gi)3.814 F
+-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.813(nf).15 G(or)-3.813 E
(which no alias has been de\214ned.)144 668.4 Q F1(bg)108 685.2 Q F0([)
-2.5 E F2(jobspec)A F0(...])2.5 E .745(Resume each suspended job)144
-697.2 R F2(jobspec)3.245 E F0 .745
-(in the background, as if it had been started with)3.245 F F1(&)3.244 E
-F0 5.744(.I)C(f)-5.744 E F2(job-)4.984 E(spec)144 709.2 Q F0 .671
-(is not present, the shell')3.481 F 3.171(sn)-.55 G .672(otion of the)
--3.171 F F2(curr)3.172 E .672(ent job)-.37 F F0 .672(is used.)3.172 F F1
-(bg)5.672 E F2(jobspec)4.912 E F0 .672(returns 0 unless run)3.482 F .419
+2.5 E F2(jobspec)A F0(...])2.5 E .744(Resume each suspended job)144
+697.2 R F2(jobspec)3.244 E F0 .745
+(in the background, as if it had been started with)3.244 F F1(&)3.245 E
+F0 5.745(.I)C(f)-5.745 E F2(job-)4.985 E(spec)144 709.2 Q F0 .672
+(is not present, the shell')3.482 F 3.172(sn)-.55 G .672(otion of the)
+-3.172 F F2(curr)3.172 E .672(ent job)-.37 F F0 .672(is used.)3.172 F F1
+(bg)5.671 E F2(jobspec)4.911 E F0 .671(returns 0 unless run)3.481 F .418
(when job control is disabled or)144 721.2 R 2.919(,w)-.4 G .419
-(hen run with job control enabled, an)-2.919 F 2.918(ys)-.15 G
-(peci\214ed)-2.918 E F2(jobspec)2.918 E F0 -.1(wa)2.918 G 2.918(sn).1 G
-(ot)-2.918 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 May 2)150.675 E(59)199.835 E 0
+(hen run with job control enabled, an)-2.919 F 2.919(ys)-.15 G
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+(ot)-2.919 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 June 3)150.675 E(59)199.835 E 0
Cg EP
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(function\255name)A F1(bind)108 160.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6d>A F2 -.1(ke)
2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F2 -.37(re)C
(adline\255command).37 E F1(bind)108 172.8 Q F2 -.37(re)2.5 G
-(adline-command-line).37 E F0 .238(Display current)144 184.8 R F1 -.18
-(re)2.738 G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(ke)2.738 G 2.738(ya)-.05 G .239
-(nd function bindings, bind a k)-2.738 F .539 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .239
-(equence to a).15 F F1 -.18(re)2.739 G(adline).18 E F0 .239(function or)
-2.739 F .04(macro, or set a)144 196.8 R F1 -.18(re)2.54 G(adline).18 E
-F0 -.25(va)2.54 G 2.54(riable. Each).25 F .039(non-option ar)2.54 F .039
-(gument is a command as it w)-.18 F .039(ould appear in a)-.1 F F1 -.18
-(re)144 208.8 S(adline).18 E F0 .182(initialization \214le such as)2.681
-F F2(.inputr)2.912 E(c)-.37 E F0 2.682(,b).31 G .182
+(adline-command-line).37 E F0 .239(Display current)144 184.8 R F1 -.18
+(re)2.739 G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(ke)2.739 G 2.739(ya)-.05 G .239
+(nd function bindings, bind a k)-2.739 F .539 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .238
+(equence to a).15 F F1 -.18(re)2.738 G(adline).18 E F0 .238(function or)
+2.738 F .039(macro, or set a)144 196.8 R F1 -.18(re)2.539 G(adline).18 E
+F0 -.25(va)2.539 G 2.539(riable. Each).25 F .039(non-option ar)2.539 F
+.04(gument is a command as it w)-.18 F .04(ould appear in a)-.1 F F1
+-.18(re)144 208.8 S(adline).18 E F0 .182(initialization \214le such as)
+2.682 F F2(.inputr)2.912 E(c)-.37 E F0 2.682(,b).31 G .182
(ut each binding or command must be passed as a sep-)-2.882 F 1.907
(arate ar)144 220.8 R 1.907
(gument; e.g., '"\\C\255x\\C\255r": re\255read\255init\255\214le'.)-.18
F 1.907(Options, if supplied, ha)6.907 F 2.207 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.907
(he follo).15 F(wing)-.25 E(meanings:)144 232.8 Q F1<ad6d>144 244.8 Q F2
--.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(Use)180 256.8 Q F2 -.1(ke)5.158 G(ymap)-.2 E
-F0 2.658(as the k)5.348 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.658(map to be af).15 F 2.659
-(fected by the subsequent bindings.)-.25 F(Acceptable)7.659 E F2 -.1(ke)
-180 268.8 S(ymap)-.2 E F0 3.193(names are)5.883 F F2 3.193
-(emacs, emacs\255standar)5.693 F 3.192
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-(command)3.202 E F0(is)3.772 E .4(performed using a def)144 494.4 R .4
-(ault v)-.1 F .4(alue for)-.25 F F3 -.666(PA)2.9 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .399
-(that is guaranteed to \214nd all of the standard utilities.)2.649 F(If)
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--.4 G -.1(ke).2 G F2(command)3.617 E F0 .817(to be displayed; the)4.087
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-(erbose description.)-.15 F .249(If the)5.2
49 F F1<ad56>2.749 E F0(or)
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-(xit status)-.15 F 1.005(is 0 if)144 542.4 R F2(command)3.705 E F0 -.1
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5 F F1<ad56>2.749 E F0(or)
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-(command)144.2 554.4 Q F0 1.598(cannot be found, the e)4.868 F 1.599
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--3.481 F .131(standard output.)144 619.2 R .131(When using the)5.131 F
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E .352(The matches will be generated in the same w)144 655.2 R .352
(ay as if the programmable completion code had gen-)-.1 F .02(erated th\
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-(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 May 2)150.675 E(61)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
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(\214lterpat)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad50>-2.5 E F2(pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E
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-(ay that allo)-.1 F .139(ws them to be)-.25 F .31(reused as input.)144
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+(ay that allo)-.1 F .14(ws them to be)-.25 F .31(reused as input.)144
144 R(The)5.31 E F1<ad72>2.81 E F0 .31(option remo)2.81 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
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-(name)2.81 E F0(s)A 1.208
-(are supplied, all completion speci\214cations.)144 156 R(The)6.208 E F1
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(ault')-.1 E 3('c)-.74 G .5
(ommand completion; that is, completion attempted on)-3 F 3.455(ac)144
180 S .955(ommand for which no completion has pre)-3.455 F .955
(option indicates that)3.455 F .876
(other supplied options and actions should apply to `)144 192 R(`empty')
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8(pletion attempted on a blank line.)144 204 R(The)5.447 E F1<ad49>
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+.44
7(pletion attempted on a blank line.)144 204 R(The)5.447 E F1<ad49>
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(option indicates that other supplied options and actions)2.947 F .123
(should apply to completion on the initial non-assignment w)144 216 R
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-(If multiple options are sup-)6.02
F .707(plied, the)144 240 R F1<ad44>
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1 F .708(plied, the)144 240 R F1<ad44>
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7(recedence o)-3.208 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(r).15 E F1<ad49>
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(guments are ignored; these completions only apply to the)-.18 F
-(case speci\214ed by the option.)144 264 Q .152
+(case speci\214ed by the option.)144 264 Q .153
(The process of applying these completion speci\214cations when w)144
-288 R .153(ord completion is attempted is de-)-.1 F(scribed abo)144 300
+288 R .152(ord completion is attempted is de-)-.1 F(scribed abo)144 300
Q .3 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1(Pr)2.5 E(ogrammable Completion)-.18
-E F0(.)A .556(Other options, if speci\214ed, ha)144 324 R .856 -.15
+E F0(.)A .555(Other options, if speci\214ed, ha)144 324 R .855 -.15
(ve t)-.2 H .555(he follo).15 F .555(wing meanings.)-.25 F .555(The ar)
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(sion before the)144 348 Q F1(complete)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G
(iltin is in).2 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E F1<ad6f>144 360 Q F2
-(comp-option)2.5 E F0(The)184 372 Q F2(comp-option)2.791 E F0 .291
+(comp-option)2.5 E F0(The)184 372 Q F2(comp-option)2.79 E F0 .291
(controls se)2.791 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .291(ral aspects of the compspec')
.15 F 2.791(sb)-.55 G(eha)-2.791 E .291(vior be)-.2 F .291
(yond the simple)-.15 F(generation of completions.)184 384 Q F2
(comp-option)5 E F0(may be one of:)2.5 E F1(bashdefault)184 396 Q F0
.281(Perform the rest of the def)224 408 R(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)2.781 E F0
.281(completions if the compspec generates no)2.781 F(matches.)224 420 Q
-F1(default)184 432 Q F0 2.876(Use readline')224 432 R 5.376(sd)-.55 G
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+F1(default)184 432 Q F0 2.875(Use readline')224 432 R 5.375(sd)-.55 G
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(ault \214lename completion if the compspec generates no)-.1 F(matches.)
224 444 Q F1(dir)184 456 Q(names)-.15 E F0(Perform directory name compl\
etion if the compspec generates no matches.)224 468 Q F1(\214lenames)184
480 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 492 S .137(ll readline that the compspec generates \
-\214lenames, so it can perform an).7 F 2.637<798c>-.15 G(le-)-2.637 E
+\214lenames, so it can perform an).7 F 2.636<798c>-.15 G(le-)-2.636 E
.134(name\255speci\214c processing \(lik)224 504 R 2.634(ea)-.1 G .134
(dding a slash to directory names, quoting spe-)-2.634 F .45
(cial characters, or suppressing trailing spaces\).)224 516 R .45
(Intended to be used with shell)5.45 F(functions.)224 528 Q F1(noquote)
184 540 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 540 S .814
(ll readline not to quote the completed w).7 F .814(ords if the)-.1 F
-3.314(ya)-.15 G .814(re \214lenames \(quoting)-3.314 F
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(\214lenames is the def)224 552 Q(ault\).)-.1 E F1(nosort)184 564 Q F0
-.7(Te)224 564 S(ll readline not to sort the list of possible completio\
ns alphabetically).7 E(.)-.65 E F1(nospace)184 576 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 576 S
F .22(ords completed at the end)-.1 F(of the line.)224 588 Q F1
(plusdirs)184 600 Q F0 1.985(After an)224 600 R 4.485(ym)-.15 G 1.985
(atches de\214ned by the compspec are generated, directory name)-4.485 F
-.583(completion is attempted and an)224 612 R 3.084(ym)-.15 G .584
+.584(completion is attempted and an)224 612 R 3.084(ym)-.15 G .584
(atches are added to the results of the other)-3.084 F(actions.)224 624
Q F1<ad41>144 636 Q F2(action)2.5 E F0(The)184 648 Q F2(action)2.5 E F0
(may be one of the follo)2.5 E
(ke)2.5 G 2.5(yb)-.05 G(inding names.)-2.5 E F1 -.2(bu)184 708 S(iltin)
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(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(va)184 396 S
(riable).1 E F0(Names of all shell v)224 396 Q 2.5(ariables. May)-.25 F
(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F1<ad76>2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad43>144 408 Q/F3
-10/Times-Italic@0 SF(command)2.5 E(command)184 420 Q F0 1.056(is e)3.556
-F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.056(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 1.056
+10/Times-Italic@0 SF(command)2.5 E(command)184 420 Q F0 1.055(is e)3.555
+F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.055(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 1.056
(vironment, and its output is used as the possible)-.4 F(completions.)
-184 432 Q F1<ad46>144 444 Q F3(function)2.5 E F0 .113
+184 432 Q F1<ad46>144 444 Q F3(function)2.5 E F0 .114
(The shell function)184 456 R F3(function)2.614 E F0 .114(is e)2.614 F
-.15(xe)-.15 G .114(cuted in the current shell en).15 F 2.614
-(vironment. When)-.4 F .114(the func-)2.614 F .817(tion is e)184 468 R
--.15(xe)-.15 G .817(cuted, the \214rst ar).15 F .817(gument \()-.18 F F1
-($1)A F0 3.316(\)i)C 3.316(st)-3.316 G .816
+(vironment. When)-.4 F .113(the func-)2.613 F .816(tion is e)184 468 R
+-.15(xe)-.15 G .816(cuted, the \214rst ar).15 F .816(gument \()-.18 F F1
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(he name of the command whose ar)-3.316 F(guments)-.18 E 1.407
(are being completed, the second ar)184 480 R 1.407(gument \()-.18 F F1
($2)A F0 3.907(\)i)C 3.907(st)-3.907 G 1.407(he w)-3.907 F 1.407
-(ord being completed, and the)-.1 F .104(third ar)184 492 R .104
-(gument \()-.18 F F1($3)A F0 2.604(\)i)C 2.604(st)-2.604 G .104(he w)
--2.604 F .104(ord preceding the w)-.1 F .103
-(ord being completed on the current com-)-.1 F .101(mand line.)184 504 R
-.101(When it \214nishes, the possible completions are retrie)5.101 F
--.15(ve)-.25 G 2.602(df).15 G .102(rom the v)-2.602 F .102(alue of the)
+(ord being completed, and the)-.1 F .103(third ar)184 492 R .103
+(gument \()-.18 F F1($3)A F0 2.603(\)i)C 2.603(st)-2.603 G .103(he w)
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+(ord being completed on the current com-)-.1 F .102(mand line.)184 504 R
+.102(When it \214nishes, the possible completions are retrie)5.102 F
+-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.601(df).15 G .101(rom the v)-2.601 F .101(alue of the)
-.25 F F2(COMPREPL)184 516 Q(Y)-.828 E F0(array v)2.25 E(ariable.)-.25 E
-F1<ad47>144 528 Q F3(globpat)2.5 E F0 1.008(The pathname e)184 540 R
-1.008(xpansion pattern)-.15 F F3(globpat)3.507 E F0 1.007(is e)3.507 F
-1.007(xpanded to generate the possible comple-)-.15 F(tions.)184 552 Q
+F1<ad47>144 528 Q F3(globpat)2.5 E F0 1.007(The pathname e)184 540 R
+1.007(xpansion pattern)-.15 F F3(globpat)3.507 E F0 1.007(is e)3.507 F
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F1<ad50>144 564 Q F3(pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E(pr)184 576 Q(e\214x)-.37 E
-F0 .534(is added at the be)3.034 F .534
+F0 .535(is added at the be)3.035 F .534
(ginning of each possible completion after all other options ha)-.15 F
-.15(ve)-.2 G(been applied.)184 588 Q F1<ad53>144 600 Q F3(suf)2.5 E
<8c78>-.18 E(suf)184 600 Q<8c78>-.18 E F0
(is appended to each possible completion after all other options ha)2.5
E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een applied.).15 E F1<ad57>144 612 Q F3(wor)2.5 E
-(dlist)-.37 E F0(The)184 624 Q F3(wor)3.64 E(dlist)-.37 E F0 1.14
-(is split using the characters in the)3.64 F F2(IFS)3.64 E F0 1.139
-(special v)3.39 F 1.139(ariable as delimiters, and)-.25 F .98
-(each resultant w)184 636 R .98(ord is e)-.1 F 3.481(xpanded. Shell)-.15
-F .981(quoting is honored within)3.481 F F3(wor)3.481 E(dlist)-.37 E F0
-3.481(,i)C 3.481(no)-3.481 G .981(rder to)-3.481 F(pro)184 648 Q .766
-(vide a mechanism for the w)-.15 F .765
+(dlist)-.37 E F0(The)184 624 Q F3(wor)3.639 E(dlist)-.37 E F0 1.14
+(is split using the characters in the)3.639 F F2(IFS)3.64 E F0 1.14
+(special v)3.39 F 1.14(ariable as delimiters, and)-.25 F .981
+(each resultant w)184 636 R .981(ord is e)-.1 F 3.481(xpanded. Shell)
+-.15 F .981(quoting is honored within)3.481 F F3(wor)3.481 E(dlist)-.37
+E F0 3.48(,i)C 3.48(no)-3.48 G .98(rder to)-3.48 F(pro)184 648 Q .765
+(vide a mechanism for the w)-.15 F .766
(ords to contain shell metacharacters or characters in the)-.1 F -.25
-(va)184 660 S 1.964(lue of).25 F F2(IFS)4.464 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)
+(va)184 660 S 1.965(lue of).25 F F2(IFS)4.465 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)
A F0 1.964
(The possible completions are the members of the resultant list which)
-6.46
4 F(match the w)184 672 Q(ord being completed.)-.1 E F1<ad58>144 684
-Q F3(\214lterpat)2.5 E(\214lterpat)184 696 Q F0 .456
-(is a pattern as used for pathname e)2.956 F 2.956(xpansion. It)-.15 F
-.455(is applied to the list of possible)2.956 F 1.596
+6.46
5 F(match the w)184 672 Q(ord being completed.)-.1 E F1<ad58>144 684
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<ad70>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F1(value)A F0 2.5(].)C
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-(xport to subsequent commands via the en)-.15 E(vironment.)-.4 E .143
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+E(wer)-.25 E(-case attrib)-.2 E(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F1<ad78>144 156 Q
+F0(Mark)180 156 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0 2.5(sf)C(or e)-2.5 E
+(xport to subsequent commands via the en)-.15 E(vironment.)-.4 E .144
(Using `+' instead of `\255' turns of)144 172.8 R 2.643(ft)-.25 G .143
-(he attrib)-2.643 F .143(ute instead, with the e)-.2 F .144
-(xceptions that)-.15 F F1(+a)2.644 E F0(and)2.644 E F1(+A)2.644 E F0
-.144(may not)2.644 F .579(be used to destro)144 184.8 R 3.079(ya)-.1 G
+(he attrib)-2.643 F .143(ute instead, with the e)-.2 F .143
+(xceptions that)-.15 F F1(+a)2.643 E F0(and)2.643 E F1(+A)2.643 E F0
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.579(rray v)-3.079 F .579(ariables and)-.25 F F1(+r)3.079 E F0 .579
(will not remo)3.079 F .879 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .579(he readonly attrib).15
-F 3.079(ute. When)-.2 F .578(used in a)3.078 F(function,)144 196.8 Q F1
-(declar)3.543 E(e)-.18 E F0(and)3.543 E F1(typeset)3.543 E F0(mak)3.543
-E 3.543(ee)-.1 G(ach)-3.543 E F2(name)3.543 E F0 1.043
-(local, as with the)3.543 F F1(local)3.544 E F0 1.044
-(command, unless the)3.544 F F1<ad67>3.544 E F0 1.205
+F 3.079(ute. When)-.2 F .579(used in a)3.079 F(function,)144 196.8 Q F1
+(declar)3.544 E(e)-.18 E F0(and)3.544 E F1(typeset)3.544 E F0(mak)3.544
+E 3.544(ee)-.1 G(ach)-3.544 E F2(name)3.543 E F0 1.043
+(local, as with the)3.543 F F1(local)3.543 E F0 1.043
+(command, unless the)3.543 F F1<ad67>3.543 E F0 1.205
(option is supplied.)144 208.8 R 1.205(If a v)6.205 F 1.205
(ariable name is follo)-.25 F 1.205(wed by =)-.25 F F2(value)A F0 3.705
(,t)C 1.205(he v)-3.705 F 1.205(alue of the v)-.25 F 1.205
-(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(value)144 220.8 Q F0 5.217(.W)C .217
-(hen using)-5.217 F F1<ad61>2.717 E F0(or)2.717 E F1<ad41>2.717 E F0
-.217(and the compound assignment syntax to create array v)2.717 F .218
+(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(value)144 220.8 Q F0 5.218(.W)C .218
+(hen using)-5.218 F F1<ad61>2.718 E F0(or)2.718 E F1<ad41>2.718 E F0
+.217(and the compound assignment syntax to create array v)2.717 F .217
(ariables, addi-)-.25 F .882(tional attrib)144 232.8 R .882
(utes do not tak)-.2 F 3.382(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-3.382 G .882
(ect until subsequent assignments.).25 F .882(The return v)5.882 F .882
-(alue is 0 unless an)-.25 F(in)144 244.8 Q -.25(va)-.4 G .365(lid optio\
+(alue is 0 unless an)-.25 F(in)144 244.8 Q -.25(va)-.4 G .366(lid optio\
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-/F3 10/Courier@0 SF .366(\255f foo=bar)2.866 F F0 2.866(,a)C 2.866(na)
--2.866 G(t-)-2.866 E .549(tempt is made to assign a v)144 256.8 R .549
-(alue to a readonly v)-.25 F .548
-(ariable, an attempt is made to assign a v)-.25 F .548(alue to an)-.25 F
-1.748(array v)144 268.8 R 1.748
+/F3 10/Courier@0 SF .365(\255f foo=bar)2.865 F F0 2.865(,a)C 2.865(na)
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+(alue to a readonly v)-.25 F .549
+(ariable, an attempt is made to assign a v)-.25 F .549(alue to an)-.25 F
+1.749(array v)144 268.8 R 1.749
(ariable without using the compound assignment syntax \(see)-.25 F F1
-(Arrays)4.249 E F0(abo)4.249 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.749(\), one of the).15 F
-F2(names)144 280.8 Q F0 .359(is not a v)2.859 F .359(alid shell v)-.25 F
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.359(ariable name, an attempt is made to turn of)-.25 F 2.859(fr)-.25 G
-.359(eadonly status for a read-)-2.859 F 1.212(only v)144 292.8 R 1.213
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(ariable, an attempt is made to turn of)-.25 F 3.713(fa)-.25 G 1.213
-(rray status for an array v)-3.713 F 1.213(ariable, or an attempt is)
+(rray status for an array v)-3.713 F 1.212(ariable, or an attempt is)
-.25 F(made to display a non-e)144 304.8 Q(xistent function with)-.15 E
F1<ad66>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(dirs [\255clpv] [+)108 321.6 Q F2(n)A F1 2.5(][)
-C<ad>-2.5 E F2(n)A F1(])A F0 -.4(Wi)144 333.6 S .329
+C<ad>-2.5 E F2(n)A F1(])A F0 -.4(Wi)144 333.6 S .328
(thout options, displays the list of currently remembered directories.)
-.4 F .328(The def)5.328 F .328(ault display is on a)-.1 F 1.238
+.4 F .329(The def)5.329 F .329(ault display is on a)-.1 F 1.238
(single line with directory names separated by spaces.)144 345.6 R 1.238
(Directories are added to the list with the)6.238 F F1(pushd)144 357.6 Q
-F0 .928(command; the)3.428 F F1(popd)3.428 E F0 .928(command remo)3.428
+F0 .927(command; the)3.427 F F1(popd)3.428 E F0 .928(command remo)3.428
F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.428(se).15 G .928(ntries from the list.)-3.428 F .928
(The current directory is al-)5.928 F -.1(wa)144 369.6 S
(ys the \214rst directory in the stack.).1 E F1<ad63>144 381.6 Q F0
(Clears the directory stack by deleting all of the entries.)180 381.6 Q
-F1<ad6c>144 393.6 Q F0 .881
-(Produces a listing using full pathnames; the def)180 393.6 R .882
+F1<ad6c>144 393.6 Q F0 .882
+(Produces a listing using full pathnames; the def)180 393.6 R .881
(ault listing format uses a tilde to denote)-.1 F(the home directory)180
405.6 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad70>144 417.6 Q F0
(Print the directory stack with one entry per line.)180 417.6 Q F1<ad76>
-144 429.6 Q F0 .273(Print the directory stack with one entry per line, \
-pre\214xing each entry with its inde)180 429.6 R 2.772(xi)-.15 G 2.772
-(nt)-2.772 G(he)-2.772 E(stack.)180 441.6 Q F1(+)144 453.6 Q F2(n)A F0
-1.564(Displays the)180 453.6 R F2(n)4.064 E F0 1.565
-(th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.565(wn by)-.25 F F1
-(dirs)4.065 E F0 1.565(when in)4.065 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E
+144 429.6 Q F0 .272(Print the directory stack with one entry per line, \
+pre\214xing each entry with its inde)180 429.6 R 2.773(xi)-.15 G 2.773
+(nt)-2.773 G(he)-2.773 E(stack.)180 441.6 Q F1(+)144 453.6 Q F2(n)A F0
+1.565(Displays the)180 453.6 R F2(n)4.065 E F0 1.565
+(th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.564(wn by)-.25 F F1
+(dirs)4.064 E F0 1.564(when in)4.064 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E
(without options, starting with zero.)180 465.6 Q F1<ad>144 477.6 Q F2
(n)A F0 1.194(Displays the)180 477.6 R F2(n)3.694 E F0 1.194
(th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.194(wn by)-.25 F
F1(dirs)3.694 E F0 1.194(when in)3.694 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E
-(without options, starting with zero.)180 489.6 Q .257(The return v)144
+(without options, starting with zero.)180 489.6 Q .258(The return v)144
506.4 R .258(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .258
(lid option is supplied or).25 F F2(n)2.758 E F0(inde)2.758 E -.15(xe)
-.15 G 2.758(sb).15 G -.15(ey)-2.758 G .258(ond the end of the direc-)
.15 F(tory stack.)144 518.4 Q F1(diso)108 535.2 Q(wn)-.1 E F0([)2.5 E F1
(\255ar)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad68>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(jobspec)-2.5 E F0
-(... |)2.5 E F2(pid)2.5 E F0(... ])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 547.2 S .122
+(... |)2.5 E F2(pid)2.5 E F0(... ])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 547.2 S .121
(thout options, remo).4 F .422 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(jobspec)
4.362 E F0 .122(from the table of acti)2.932 F .422 -.15(ve j)-.25 H
-2.622(obs. If).15 F F2(jobspec)4.362 E F0 .121(is not present, and)2.932
+2.622(obs. If).15 F F2(jobspec)4.362 E F0 .122(is not present, and)2.932
F .096(neither the)144 559.2 R F1<ad61>2.596 E F0 .096(nor the)2.596 F
F1<ad72>2.596 E F0 .096(option is supplied, the)2.596 F F2(curr)2.596 E
.096(ent job)-.37 F F0 .096(is used.)2.596 F .096(If the)5.096 F F1
<ad68>2.596 E F0 .096(option is gi)2.596 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .096(n, each)
-.15 F F2(jobspec)145.74 571.2 Q F0 .586(is not remo)3.396 F -.15(ve)-.15
-G 3.086(df).15 G .585(rom the table, b)-3.086 F .585(ut is mark)-.2 F
-.585(ed so that)-.1 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGHUP)3.085 E F0 .585
+.15 F F2(jobspec)145.74 571.2 Q F0 .585(is not remo)3.395 F -.15(ve)-.15
+G 3.085(df).15 G .585(rom the table, b)-3.085 F .585(ut is mark)-.2 F
+.585(ed so that)-.1 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGHUP)3.085 E F0 .586
(is not sent to the job if the)2.835 F .962(shell recei)144 583.2 R -.15
(ve)-.25 G 3.462(sa).15 G F4(SIGHUP)A/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .962
(If no)5.462 F F2(jobspec)5.202 E F0 .962(is supplied, the)3.772 F F1
<ad61>3.462 E F0 .962(option means to remo)3.462 F 1.262 -.15(ve o)-.15
-H 3.462(rm).15 G .962(ark all)-3.462 F 1.359(jobs; the)144 595.2 R F1
-<ad72>3.859 E F0 1.359(option without a)3.859 F F2(jobspec)5.599 E F0
-(ar)4.169 E 1.358(gument restricts operation to running jobs.)-.18 F
-1.358(The return)6.358 F -.25(va)144 607.2 S(lue is 0 unless a).25 E F2
+H 3.462(rm).15 G .962(ark all)-3.462 F 1.358(jobs; the)144 595.2 R F1
+<ad72>3.858 E F0 1.358(option without a)3.858 F F2(jobspec)5.598 E F0
+(ar)4.169 E 1.359(gument restricts operation to running jobs.)-.18 F
+1.359(The return)6.359 F -.25(va)144 607.2 S(lue is 0 unless a).25 E F2
(jobspec)4.24 E F0(does not specify a v)2.81 E(alid job)-.25 E(.)-.4 E
F1(echo)108 624 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255neE)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)
--.37 E F0(...])2.5 E .424(Output the)144 636 R F2(ar)2.924 E(g)-.37 E F0
+-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E .425(Output the)144 636 R F2(ar)2.925 E(g)-.37 E F0
.424(s, separated by spaces, follo)B .424(wed by a ne)-.25 F 2.924
-(wline. The)-.25 F .424(return status is 0 unless a write)2.924 F .308
-(error occurs.)144 648 R(If)5.308 E F1<ad6e>2.808 E F0 .308
-(is speci\214ed, the trailing ne)2.808 F .308(wline is suppressed.)-.25
-F .307(If the)5.308 F F1<ad65>2.807 E F0 .307(option is gi)2.807 F -.15
-(ve)-.25 G .307(n, inter).15 F(-)-.2 E .197(pretation of the follo)144
+(wline. The)-.25 F .424(return status is 0 unless a write)2.924 F .307
+(error occurs.)144 648 R(If)5.307 E F1<ad6e>2.807 E F0 .307
+(is speci\214ed, the trailing ne)2.807 F .308(wline is suppressed.)-.25
+F .308(If the)5.308 F F1<ad65>2.808 E F0 .308(option is gi)2.808 F -.15
+(ve)-.25 G .308(n, inter).15 F(-)-.2 E .198(pretation of the follo)144
660 R .198(wing backslash-escaped characters is enabled.)-.25 F(The)
-5.198 E F1<ad45>2.698 E F0 .198(option disables the in-)2.698 F .067
+5.198 E F1<ad45>2.698 E F0 .197(option disables the in-)2.697 F .067
(terpretation of these escape characters, e)144 672 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
2.567(no).15 G 2.567(ns)-2.567 G .067(ystems where the)-2.567 F 2.567
-(ya)-.15 G .067(re interpreted by def)-2.567 F 2.567(ault. The)-.1 F F1
-(xpg_echo)144 684 Q F0 .601
-(shell option may be used to dynamically determine whether or not)3.101
-F F1(echo)3.102 E F0 -.15(ex)3.102 G .602(pands these).15 F .659
-(escape characters by def)144 696 R(ault.)-.1 E F1(echo)5.659 E F0 .659
+(ya)-.15 G .067(re interpreted by def)-2.567 F 2.568(ault. The)-.1 F F1
+(xpg_echo)144 684 Q F0 .602
+(shell option may be used to dynamically determine whether or not)3.102
+F F1(echo)3.101 E F0 -.15(ex)3.101 G .601(pands these).15 F .658
+(escape characters by def)144 696 R(ault.)-.1 E F1(echo)5.658 E F0 .659
(does not interpret)3.159 F F1<adad>3.159 E F0 .659
-(to mean the end of options.)3.159 F F1(echo)5.658 E F0(inter)3.158 E(-)
+(to mean the end of options.)3.159 F F1(echo)5.659 E F0(inter)3.159 E(-)
-.2 E(prets the follo)144 708 Q(wing escape sequences:)-.25 E
-(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 May 2)150.675 E(65)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
+(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 June 3)150.675 E(65)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 66 66
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
(the eight-bit character whose v)180 228 Q(alue is the he)-.25 E
(xadecimal v)-.15 E(alue)-.25 E F2(HH)2.5 E F0(\(one or tw)2.5 E 2.5(oh)
-.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E F1(\\u)144 240 Q F2(HHHH)A F0
-1.506(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 252 R 1.507
-(alue is the he)-.25 F 1.507(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHH)
-4.007 E F0(\(one to four he)180 264 Q 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\))-2.5 E F1
-(\\U)144 276 Q F2(HHHHHHHH)A F0 .548
+1.507(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 252 R 1.506
+(alue is the he)-.25 F 1.506(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHH)
+4.006 E F0(\(one to four he)180 264 Q 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\))-2.5 E F1
+(\\U)144 276 Q F2(HHHHHHHH)A F0 .547
(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 288 R .547
-(alue is the he)-.25 F .547(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHHH-)
-3.047 E(HHH)180 300 Q F0(\(one to eight he)2.5 E 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\))
+(alue is the he)-.25 F .548(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHHH-)
+3.048 E(HHH)180 300 Q F0(\(one to eight he)2.5 E 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\))
-2.5 E F1(enable)108 316.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad61>A F0 2.5(][)C F1
(\255dnps)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad66>-2.5 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0 2.5
-(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .277(Enable and disable b)144 328.8 R
+(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .278(Enable and disable b)144 328.8 R
.278(uiltin shell commands.)-.2 F .278(Disabling a b)5.278 F .278
-(uiltin allo)-.2 F .278(ws a disk command which has)-.25 F .834
+(uiltin allo)-.2 F .278(ws a disk command which has)-.25 F .833
(the same name as a shell b)144 340.8 R .834(uiltin to be e)-.2 F -.15
(xe)-.15 G .834(cuted without specifying a full pathname, e).15 F -.15
-(ve)-.25 G 3.333(nt).15 G(hough)-3.333 E .989
+(ve)-.25 G 3.334(nt).15 G(hough)-3.334 E .99
(the shell normally searches for b)144 352.8 R .989
-(uiltins before disk commands.)-.2 F(If)5.989 E F1<ad6e>3.489 E F0 .99
-(is used, each)3.49 F F2(name)3.49 E F0 .99(is dis-)3.49 F .649
+(uiltins before disk commands.)-.2 F(If)5.989 E F1<ad6e>3.489 E F0 .989
+(is used, each)3.489 F F2(name)3.489 E F0 .989(is dis-)3.489 F .648
(abled; otherwise,)144 364.8 R F2(names)3.148 E F0 .648(are enabled.)
3.148 F -.15(Fo)5.648 G 3.148(re).15 G .648(xample, to use the)-3.298 F
F1(test)3.148 E F0 .648(binary found via the)3.148 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0
-SF -.666(PA)3.148 G(TH)-.189 E F0(in-)2.898 E .538(stead of the shell b)
+SF -.666(PA)3.148 G(TH)-.189 E F0(in-)2.899 E .539(stead of the shell b)
144 376.8 R .538(uiltin v)-.2 F .538(ersion, run)-.15 F/F4 10/Courier@0
SF .538(enable -n test)3.038 F F0 5.538(.T)C(he)-5.538 E F1<ad66>3.038 E
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1.365(iltin command).2 F F2(name)4.225 E F0 1.365(from shared object)
4.045 F F2(\214lename)5.775 E F0 3.865(,o).18 G 3.865(ns)-3.865 G 1.365
-(ystems that support dynamic loading.)-3.865 F .606(Bash will use the v)
+(ystems that support dynamic loading.)-3.865 F .607(Bash will use the v)
144 400.8 R .606(alue of the)-.25 F F1 -.3(BA)3.106 G(SH_LO).3 E(AD)-.4
E(ABLES_P)-.35 E -.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0 -.25(va)3.106 G .606
-(riable as a colon-separated list of).25 F .549
-(directories in which to search for)144 412.8 R F2(\214lename)3.049 E F0
-5.549(.T)C .549(he def)-5.549 F .548(ault is system-dependent.)-.1 F
-(The)5.548 E F1<ad64>3.048 E F0 .548(option will)3.048 F .546
-(delete a b)144 424.8 R .546(uiltin pre)-.2 F .546(viously loaded with)
--.25 F F1<ad66>3.046 E F0 5.547(.I)C 3.047(fn)-5.547 G(o)-3.047 E F2
+(riable as a colon-separated list of).25 F .548
+(directories in which to search for)144 412.8 R F2(\214lename)3.048 E F0
+5.549(.T)C .549(he def)-5.549 F .549(ault is system-dependent.)-.1 F
+(The)5.549 E F1<ad64>3.049 E F0 .549(option will)3.049 F .547
+(delete a b)144 424.8 R .547(uiltin pre)-.2 F .547(viously loaded with)
+-.25 F F1<ad66>3.047 E F0 5.547(.I)C 3.047(fn)-5.547 G(o)-3.047 E F2
(name)3.047 E F0(ar)3.047 E .547(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-.547(n, or if the).15 F F1<ad70>3.047 E F0 .547(option is)3.047 F .546
+.546(n, or if the).15 F F1<ad70>3.046 E F0 .546(option is)3.046 F .545
(supplied, a list of shell b)144 436.8 R .545(uiltins is printed.)-.2 F
--.4(Wi)5.545 G .545(th no other option ar).4 F .545
+-.4(Wi)5.545 G .545(th no other option ar).4 F .546
(guments, the list consists of all)-.18 F .695(enabled shell b)144 448.8
R 3.195(uiltins. If)-.2 F F1<ad6e>3.195 E F0 .695
(is supplied, only disabled b)3.195 F .695(uiltins are printed.)-.2 F
-(If)5.695 E F1<ad61>3.195 E F0 .695(is supplied, the)3.195 F .262
+(If)5.695 E F1<ad61>3.195 E F0 .695(is supplied, the)3.195 F .261
(list printed includes all b)144 460.8 R .261
(uiltins, with an indication of whether or not each is enabled.)-.2 F
-(If)5.261 E F1<ad73>2.761 E F0 .261(is sup-)2.761 F .268
+(If)5.261 E F1<ad73>2.761 E F0 .262(is sup-)2.762 F .269
(plied, the output is restricted to the POSIX)144 472.8 R F2(special)
-2.768 E F0 -.2(bu)2.768 G 2.768(iltins. If).2 F .269
-(no options are supplied and a)2.768 F F2(name)2.769 E F0 .285
+2.768 E F0 -.2(bu)2.768 G 2.768(iltins. If).2 F .268
+(no options are supplied and a)2.768 F F2(name)2.768 E F0 .284
(is not a shell b)144 484.8 R(uiltin,)-.2 E F1(enable)2.784 E F0 .284
(will attempt to load)2.784 F F2(name)2.784 E F0 .284
-(from a shared object named)2.784 F F2(name)2.784 E F0 2.784(,a)C 2.784
-(si)-2.784 G 2.784(ft)-2.784 G(he)-2.784 E 1.41(command were)144 496.8 R
+(from a shared object named)2.784 F F2(name)2.785 E F0 2.785(,a)C 2.785
+(si)-2.785 G 2.785(ft)-2.785 G(he)-2.785 E 1.41(command were)144 496.8 R
F4 1.41(enable \255f)3.91 F F2 1.41(name name)3.91 F F0 6.41(.T)3.91 G
1.41(he return v)-6.41 F 1.41(alue is 0 unless a)-.25 F F2(name)4.27 E
F0 1.41(is not a shell)4.09 F -.2(bu)144 508.8 S
(iltin or there is an error loading a ne).2 E 2.5(wb)-.25 G
(uiltin from a shared object.)-2.7 E F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)108 525.6 T(l).15
-E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(The)144 537.6 Q F2(ar)3.171
-E(g)-.37 E F0 3.171(sa)C .671
-(re read and concatenated together into a single command.)-3.171 F .67
-(This command is then read)5.67 F .478(and e)144 549.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G
-.478(cuted by the shell, and its e).15 F .478
-(xit status is returned as the v)-.15 F .479(alue of)-.25 F F1 -2.3 -.15
-(ev a)2.979 H(l).15 E F0 5.479(.I)C 2.979(ft)-5.479 G .479(here are no)
--2.979 F F2(ar)3.309 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E(or only null ar)144 561.6 Q
+E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(The)144 537.6 Q F2(ar)3.17 E
+(g)-.37 E F0 3.17(sa)C .671
+(re read and concatenated together into a single command.)-3.17 F .671
+(This command is then read)5.671 F .479(and e)144 549.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G
+.479(cuted by the shell, and its e).15 F .479
+(xit status is returned as the v)-.15 F .478(alue of)-.25 F F1 -2.3 -.15
+(ev a)2.978 H(l).15 E F0 5.478(.I)C 2.978(ft)-5.478 G .478(here are no)
+-2.978 F F2(ar)3.308 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E(or only null ar)144 561.6 Q
(guments,)-.18 E F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)2.5 H(l).15 E F0(returns 0.)2.5 E F1
(exec)108 578.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255cl)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad61>-2.5 E F2
(name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(command)-2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)
--.37 E F0(]])A(If)144 590.4 Q F2(command)3.006 E F0 .306
-(is speci\214ed, it replaces the shell.)3.576 F .305(No ne)5.305 F 2.805
-(wp)-.25 G .305(rocess is created.)-2.805 F(The)5.305 E F2(ar)3.135 E
-(guments)-.37 E F0(become)3.075 E .176(the ar)144 602.4 R .176
+-.37 E F0(]])A(If)144 590.4 Q F2(command)3.005 E F0 .305
+(is speci\214ed, it replaces the shell.)3.575 F .305(No ne)5.305 F 2.805
+(wp)-.25 G .306(rocess is created.)-2.805 F(The)5.306 E F2(ar)3.136 E
+(guments)-.37 E F0(become)3.076 E .177(the ar)144 602.4 R .177
(guments to)-.18 F F2(command)2.676 E F0 5.176(.I)C 2.676(ft)-5.176 G
(he)-2.676 E F1<ad6c>2.676 E F0 .176
-(option is supplied, the shell places a dash at the be)2.676 F .177
+(option is supplied, the shell places a dash at the be)2.676 F .176
(ginning of)-.15 F .48(the zeroth ar)144 614.4 R .48(gument passed to)
-.18 F F2(command)3.18 E F0 5.48(.T).77 G .48(his is what)-5.48 F F2(lo)
3.07 E(gin)-.1 E F0 .48(\(1\) does.).24 F(The)5.48 E F1<ad63>2.98 E F0
-.48(option causes)2.98 F F2(com-)3.18 E(mand)144 626.4 Q F0 .638
-(to be e)3.908 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .638(cuted with an empty en).15 F 3.138
+.48(option causes)2.98 F F2(com-)3.18 E(mand)144 626.4 Q F0 .639
+(to be e)3.909 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .638(cuted with an empty en).15 F 3.138
(vironment. If)-.4 F F1<ad61>3.138 E F0 .638
-(is supplied, the shell passes)3.138 F F2(name)3.499 E F0 .639(as the)
-3.319 F 1.078(zeroth ar)144 638.4 R 1.077(gument to the e)-.18 F -.15
+(is supplied, the shell passes)3.138 F F2(name)3.498 E F0 .638(as the)
+3.318 F 1.077(zeroth ar)144 638.4 R 1.077(gument to the e)-.18 F -.15
(xe)-.15 G 1.077(cuted command.).15 F(If)6.077 E F2(command)3.777 E F0
1.077(cannot be e)4.347 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.077(cuted for some reason, a)
-.15 F(non-interacti)144 650.4 Q .876 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .576(hell e).15 F
-.576(xits, unless the)-.15 F F1(execfail)3.076 E F0 .577
-(shell option is enabled.)3.077 F .577(In that case, it returns f)5.577
+.15 F(non-interacti)144 650.4 Q .877 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .577(hell e).15 F
+.577(xits, unless the)-.15 F F1(execfail)3.077 E F0 .577
+(shell option is enabled.)3.077 F .576(In that case, it returns f)5.577
F(ail-)-.1 E 3.32(ure. An)144 662.4 R(interacti)3.32 E 1.12 -.15(ve s)
-.25 H .82(hell returns f).15 F .82(ailure if the \214le cannot be e)-.1
F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.32(cuted. A).15 F .82(subshell e)3.32 F .82
-(xits uncondi-)-.15 F .287(tionally if)144 674.4 R F1(exec)2.787 E F0
--.1(fa)2.787 G 2.787(ils. If).1 F F2(command)2.987 E F0 .287
-(is not speci\214ed, an)3.557 F 2.788(yr)-.15 G .288(edirections tak)
--2.788 F 2.788(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-2.788 G .288(ect in the current shell,)
+(xits uncondi-)-.15 F .288(tionally if)144 674.4 R F1(exec)2.788 E F0
+-.1(fa)2.788 G 2.788(ils. If).1 F F2(command)2.988 E F0 .288
+(is not speci\214ed, an)3.558 F 2.787(yr)-.15 G .287(edirections tak)
+-2.787 F 2.787(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-2.787 G .287(ect in the current shell,)
.25 F(and the return status is 0.)144 686.4 Q
(If there is a redirection error)5 E 2.5(,t)-.4 G
(he return status is 1.)-2.5 E F1(exit)108 703.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0
-(])A .096(Cause the shell to e)144 703.2 R .096(xit with a status of)
--.15 F F2(n)2.596 E F0 5.096(.I)C(f)-5.096 E F2(n)2.955 E F0 .095
-(is omitted, the e)2.835 F .095(xit status is that of the last command)
+(])A .095(Cause the shell to e)144 703.2 R .095(xit with a status of)
+-.15 F F2(n)2.595 E F0 5.095(.I)C(f)-5.095 E F2(n)2.955 E F0 .096
+(is omitted, the e)2.835 F .096(xit status is that of the last command)
-.15 F -.15(exe)144 715.2 S 2.5(cuted. A).15 F(trap on)2.5 E F3(EXIT)2.5
E F0(is e)2.25 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted before the shell terminates.).15 E
-(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 May 2)150.675 E(66)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
+(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 June 3)150.675 E(66)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 67 67
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
SF(export)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255fn)A F0 2.5(][).833 G/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(]] ...)A F1
-(export \255p)108 96 Q F0 .256(The supplied)144 108 R F2(names)3.117 E
+(export \255p)108 96 Q F0 .257(The supplied)144 108 R F2(names)3.117 E
F0 .257(are mark)3.027 F .257(ed for automatic e)-.1 F .257
(xport to the en)-.15 F .257(vironment of subsequently e)-.4 F -.15(xe)
--.15 G(cuted).15 E 2.62
7(commands. If)144 120 R(the)2.627 E F1<ad66>
-2.627 E F0 .127(option is gi)2.627 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .127(n, the).15 F F2
+-.15 G(cuted).15 E 2.62
6(commands. If)144 120 R(the)2.626 E F1<ad66>
+2.626 E F0 .127(option is gi)2.627 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .127(n, the).15 F F2
(names)2.987 E F0 .127(refer to functions.)2.897 F .127(If no)5.127 F F2
-(names)2.987 E F0 .127(are gi)2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .126(n, or if the)
+(names)2.987 E F0 .127(are gi)2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .127(n, or if the)
.15 F F1<ad70>144 132 Q F0 .048
-(option is supplied, a list of names of all e)2.547 F .048(xported v)
--.15 F .048(ariables is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.048 E F1<ad6e>2.548 E F0
-.048(option causes the)2.548 F -.15(ex)144 144 S 1.447
+(option is supplied, a list of names of all e)2.548 F .048(xported v)
+-.15 F .048(ariables is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.048 E F1<ad6e>2.547 E F0
+.047(option causes the)2.547 F -.15(ex)144 144 S 1.446
(port property to be remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.947(df).15 G 1.447
(rom each)-3.947 F F2(name)3.947 E F0 6.447(.I)C 3.947(fav)-6.447 G
1.447(ariable name is follo)-4.197 F 1.447(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d)
--.37 E F0 3.946(,t)C(he)-3.946 E -.25(va)144 156 S .741(lue of the v).25
-F .741(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)3.241 E(d)-.37 E F0(.)A F1
-(export)5.741 E F0 .742(returns an e)3.242 F .742
-(xit status of 0 unless an in)-.15 F -.25(va)-.4 G .742(lid option is)
-.25 F .032(encountered, one of the)144 168 R F2(names)2.532 E F0 .032
-(is not a v)2.532 F .032(alid shell v)-.25 F .032(ariable name, or)-.25
-F F1<ad66>2.531 E F0 .031(is supplied with a)2.531 F F2(name)2.891 E F0
-(that)2.711 E(is not a function.)144 180 Q F1(fc)108 196.8 Q F0([)2.5 E
+-.37 E F0 3.947(,t)C(he)-3.947 E -.25(va)144 156 S .742(lue of the v).25
+F .742(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)3.242 E(d)-.37 E F0(.)A F1
+(export)5.742 E F0 .742(returns an e)3.242 F .741
+(xit status of 0 unless an in)-.15 F -.25(va)-.4 G .741(lid option is)
+.25 F .031(encountered, one of the)144 168 R F2(names)2.531 E F0 .031
+(is not a v)2.531 F .032(alid shell v)-.25 F .032(ariable name, or)-.25
+F F1<ad66>2.532 E F0 .032(is supplied with a)2.532 F F2(name)2.892 E F0
+(that)2.712 E(is not a function.)144 180 Q F1(fc)108 196.8 Q F0([)2.5 E
F1<ad65>A F2(ename)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255lnr)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2
<8c72>-2.5 E(st)-.1 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(last)-2.5 E F0(])A F1(fc \255s)108
208.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(pat)A F0(=)A F2 -.37(re)C(p).37 E F0 2.5(][)C F2
-(cmd)-2.5 E F0(])A .431
+(cmd)-2.5 E F0(])A .432
(The \214rst form selects a range of commands from)144 220.8 R F2<8c72>
-4.842 E(st)-.1 E F0(to)3.612 E F2(last)3.022 E F0 .432
-(from the history list and displays or)3.612 F .142(edits and re-e)144
-232.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .142(cutes them.).15 F F2 -.45(Fi)5.141 G -.1(rs)
+4.842 E(st)-.1 E F0(to)3.612 E F2(last)3.022 E F0 .431
+(from the history list and displays or)3.612 F .141(edits and re-e)144
+232.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .141(cutes them.).15 F F2 -.45(Fi)5.141 G -.1(rs)
.45 G(t).1 E F0(and)3.321 E F2(last)2.731 E F0 .141
(may be speci\214ed as a string \(to locate the last command)3.321 F(be)
-144 244.8 Q .31(ginning with that string\) or as a number \(an inde)-.15
-F 2.811(xi)-.15 G .311(nto the history list, where a ne)-2.811 F -.05
-(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .611 -.15(ve n)-.25 H(umber).15 E .071
+144 244.8 Q .311(ginning with that string\) or as a number \(an inde)
+-.15 F 2.811(xi)-.15 G .31(nto the history list, where a ne)-2.811 F
+-.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .61 -.15(ve n)-.25 H(umber).15 E .071
(is used as an of)144 256.8 R .071
(fset from the current command number\).)-.25 F .071(When listing, a)
5.071 F F2<8c72>2.571 E(st)-.1 E F0(or)2.571 E F2(last)2.571 E F0 .071
(lent to \2551 and \2550 is in).25 F -.25(va)-.4 G 2.742(lid. If).25 F
F2(last)2.832 E F0 .242
(is not speci\214ed, it is set to the current command for list-)3.422 F
-.092(ing \(so that)144 292.8 R/F3 10/Courier@0 SF .092(fc \255l \25510)
-2.592 F F0 .093(prints the last 10 commands\) and to)2.592 F F2<8c72>
-4.503 E(st)-.1 E F0 2.593(otherwise. If)3.273 F F2<8c72>4.503 E(st)-.1 E
-F0 .093(is not speci-)3.273 F(\214ed, it is set to the pre)144 304.8 Q
+.093(ing \(so that)144 292.8 R/F3 10/Courier@0 SF .093(fc \255l \25510)
+2.593 F F0 .093(prints the last 10 commands\) and to)2.593 F F2<8c72>
+4.502 E(st)-.1 E F0 2.592(otherwise. If)3.272 F F2<8c72>4.502 E(st)-.1 E
+F0 .092(is not speci-)3.272 F(\214ed, it is set to the pre)144 304.8 Q
(vious command for editing and \25516 for listing.)-.25 E(The)144 328.8
Q F1<ad6e>2.522 E F0 .022
(option suppresses the command numbers when listing.)2.522 F(The)5.022 E
(rses the order of).15 F .438(the commands.)144 340.8 R .438(If the)
5.438 F F1<ad6c>2.938 E F0 .438(option is gi)2.938 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .438
(n, the commands are listed on standard output.).15 F(Otherwise,)5.438 E
-.335(the editor gi)144 352.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.835(nb).15 G(y)-2.835 E
-F2(ename)3.025 E F0 .335(is in)3.015 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.835
+.334(the editor gi)144 352.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.834(nb).15 G(y)-2.834 E
+F2(ename)3.024 E F0 .335(is in)3.014 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.835
(do).1 G 2.835(na\214)-2.835 G .335(le containing those commands.)-2.835
-F(If)5.334 E F2(ename)3.024 E F0 .334(is not gi)3.014 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(n,).15 E .63(the v)144 364.8 R .63(alue of the)-.25 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0
-SF(FCEDIT)3.13 E F0 -.25(va)2.88 G .631(riable is used, and the v).25 F
-.631(alue of)-.25 F F4(EDIT)3.131 E(OR)-.162 E F0(if)2.881 E F4(FCEDIT)
-3.131 E F0 .631(is not set.)2.881 F .631(If nei-)5.631 F .006(ther v)144
-376.8 R .006(ariable is set,)-.25 F F2(vi)4.171 E F0 .005(is used.)4.171
-F .005(When editing is complete, the edited commands are echoed and e)
-5.005 F(x-)-.15 E(ecuted.)144 388.8 Q .788(In the second form,)144 412.8
-R F2(command)3.288 E F0 .788(is re-e)3.288 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .788
+F(If)5.335 E F2(ename)3.025 E F0 .335(is not gi)3.015 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
+(n,).15 E .631(the v)144 364.8 R .631(alue of the)-.25 F/F4 9
+/Times-Bold@0 SF(FCEDIT)3.131 E F0 -.25(va)2.881 G .631
+(riable is used, and the v).25 F .631(alue of)-.25 F F4(EDIT)3.131 E(OR)
+-.162 E F0(if)2.881 E F4(FCEDIT)3.13 E F0 .63(is not set.)2.88 F .63
+(If nei-)5.63 F .005(ther v)144 376.8 R .005(ariable is set,)-.25 F F2
+(vi)4.171 E F0 .005(is used.)4.171 F .005
+(When editing is complete, the edited commands are echoed and e)5.005 F
+(x-)-.15 E(ecuted.)144 388.8 Q .789(In the second form,)144 412.8 R F2
+(command)3.288 E F0 .788(is re-e)3.288 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .788
(cuted after each instance of).15 F F2(pat)3.288 E F0 .788
-(is replaced by)3.288 F F2 -.37(re)3.289 G(p).37 E F0(.)A F2(Com-)5.789
-E(mand)144 424.8 Q F0 .172(is interpreted the same as)2.672 F F2<8c72>
-2.672 E(st)-.1 E F0(abo)2.672 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.172(.A).15 G .171
-(useful alias to use with this is)-2.5 F F3 .171(r='fc \255s')2.671 F F0
-2.671(,s)C 2.671(ot)-2.671 G(hat)-2.671 E(typing)144 436.8 Q F3 7.165
-(rc)3.665 G(c)-7.165 E F0 1.165(runs the last command be)3.665 F 1.166
-(ginning with)-.15 F F3(cc)3.666 E F0 1.166(and typing)3.666 F F3(r)
-3.666 E F0(re-e)3.666 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.166(cutes the last com-).15 F
+(is replaced by)3.288 F F2 -.37(re)3.288 G(p).37 E F0(.)A F2(Com-)5.788
+E(mand)144 424.8 Q F0 .171(is interpreted the same as)2.671 F F2<8c72>
+2.671 E(st)-.1 E F0(abo)2.671 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.171(.A).15 G .172
+(useful alias to use with this is)-2.499 F F3 .172(r='fc \255s')2.672 F
+F0 2.672(,s)C 2.672(ot)-2.672 G(hat)-2.672 E(typing)144 436.8 Q F3 7.166
+(rc)3.666 G(c)-7.166 E F0 1.166(runs the last command be)3.666 F 1.166
+(ginning with)-.15 F F3(cc)3.666 E F0 1.165(and typing)3.666 F F3(r)
+3.665 E F0(re-e)3.665 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.165(cutes the last com-).15 F
(mand.)144 448.8 Q .142(If the \214rst form is used, the return v)144
472.8 R .142(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .142
(lid option is encountered or).25 F F2<8c72>4.552 E(st)-.1 E F0(or)3.322
-E F2(last)2.732 E F0 .454(specify history lines out of range.)144 484.8
+E F2(last)2.732 E F0 .455(specify history lines out of range.)144 484.8
R .454(If the)5.454 F F1<ad65>2.954 E F0 .454
-(option is supplied, the return v)2.954 F .455(alue is the v)-.25 F .455
-(alue of the)-.25 F .788(last command e)144 496.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .788
-(cuted or f).15 F .787
+(option is supplied, the return v)2.954 F .454(alue is the v)-.25 F .454
+(alue of the)-.25 F .787(last command e)144 496.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .787
+(cuted or f).15 F .788
(ailure if an error occurs with the temporary \214le of commands.)-.1 F
-.787(If the)5.787 F 1.135
+.788(If the)5.788 F 1.136
(second form is used, the return status is that of the command re-e)144
-508.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.136(cuted, unless).15 F F2(cmd)3.836 E F0 1.136
-(does not)4.406 F(specify a v)144 520.8 Q
+508.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.135(cuted, unless).15 F F2(cmd)3.835 E F0 1.135
+(does not)4.405 F(specify a v)144 520.8 Q
(alid history line, in which case)-.25 E F1(fc)2.5 E F0(returns f)2.5 E
(ailure.)-.1 E F1(fg)108 537.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(jobspec)A F0(])A(Resume)
-144 549.6 Q F2(jobspec)5.654 E F0 1.413(in the fore)4.224 F 1.413
+144 549.6 Q F2(jobspec)5.653 E F0 1.413(in the fore)4.223 F 1.413
(ground, and mak)-.15 F 3.913(ei)-.1 G 3.913(tt)-3.913 G 1.413
(he current job)-3.913 F 6.413(.I)-.4 G(f)-6.413 E F2(jobspec)5.653 E F0
-1.413(is not present, the)4.223 F(shell')144 561.6 Q 3.116(sn)-.55 G
-.616(otion of the)-3.116 F F2(curr)3.116 E .616(ent job)-.37 F F0 .617
-(is used.)3.116 F .617(The return v)5.617 F .617
+1.414(is not present, the)4.223 F(shell')144 561.6 Q 3.117(sn)-.55 G
+.617(otion of the)-3.117 F F2(curr)3.117 E .617(ent job)-.37 F F0 .617
+(is used.)3.117 F .617(The return v)5.617 F .616
(alue is that of the command placed into the)-.25 F(fore)144 573.6 Q
-.363(ground, or f)-.15 F .363
-(ailure if run when job control is disabled or)-.1 F 2.862(,w)-.4 G .362
+.362(ground, or f)-.15 F .362
+(ailure if run when job control is disabled or)-.1 F 2.862(,w)-.4 G .363
(hen run with job control enabled, if)-2.862 F F2(jobspec)145.74 585.6 Q
F0(does not specify a v)2.81 E(alid job or)-.25 E F2(jobspec)4.24 E F0
(speci\214es a job that w)2.81 E(as started without job control.)-.1 E
F1(getopts)108 602.4 Q F2(optstring name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A 2.5
(g.)-.37 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A F1(getopts)144 614.4 Q F0 .793
-(is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters.)3.293 F F2
-(optstring)6.023 E F0 .793(contains the option)3.513 F .15
-(characters to be recognized; if a character is follo)144 626.4 R .149
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412.8 R F3(name)2.528 E F0 .028(corresponds is printed.)2.528 F .028
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(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
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(gument to)-.18 F F1<ad70>144 400.8 Q F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(jobs)
108 417.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lnprs)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(jobspec)A F0(... ])
2.5 E F1(jobs \255x)108 429.6 Q F2(command)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)2.5 E
-.15(ve j)-.25 H 2.5(obs. The).15 F(options ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H
(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad6c>144 453.6 Q F0
(List process IDs in addition to the normal information.)180 453.6 Q F1
-<ad6e>144 465.6 Q F0 .193(Display information only about jobs that ha)
-180 465.6 R .494 -.15(ve c)-.2 H .194(hanged status since the user w).15
-F .19
4(as last noti-)-.1 F(\214ed of their status.)180 477.6 Q F1<ad70>
+<ad6e>144 465.6 Q F0 .194(Display information only about jobs that ha)
+180 465.6 R .494 -.15(ve c)-.2 H .193(hanged status since the user w).15
+F .19
3(as last noti-)-.1 F(\214ed of their status.)180 477.6 Q F1<ad70>
144 489.6 Q F0(List only the process ID of the job')180 489.6 Q 2.5(sp)
-.55 G(rocess group leader)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1<ad72>144 501.6 Q F0
(Display only running jobs.)180 501.6 Q F1<ad73>144 513.6 Q F0
-(Display only stopped jobs.)180 513.6 Q(If)144 530.4 Q F2(jobspec)4.554
-E F0 .314(is gi)3.124 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .314
-(n, output is restricted to information about that job).15 F 5.313(.T)
--.4 G .313(he return status is 0 unless)-5.313 F(an in)144 542.4 Q -.25
+(Display only stopped jobs.)180 513.6 Q(If)144 530.4 Q F2(jobspec)4.553
+E F0 .313(is gi)3.123 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .313
+(n, output is restricted to information about that job).15 F 5.314(.T)
+-.4 G .314(he return status is 0 unless)-5.314 F(an in)144 542.4 Q -.25
(va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered or an in).25 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25
-E F2(jobspec)4.24 E F0(is supplied.)2.81 E .394(If the)144 559.2 R F1
-<ad78>2.894 E F0 .394(option is supplied,)2.894 F F1(jobs)2.894 E F0
+E F2(jobspec)4.24 E F0(is supplied.)2.81 E .395(If the)144 559.2 R F1
+<ad78>2.895 E F0 .394(option is supplied,)2.894 F F1(jobs)2.894 E F0
.394(replaces an)2.894 F(y)-.15 E F2(jobspec)4.634 E F0 .394(found in)
-3.204 F F2(command)3.094 E F0(or)3.664 E F2(ar)3.224 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .395
+3.204 F F2(command)3.094 E F0(or)3.664 E F2(ar)3.224 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .394
(with the corre-)3.164 F(sponding process group ID, and e)144 571.2 Q
-.15(xe)-.15 G(cutes).15 E F2(command)2.7 E F0(passing it)3.27 E F2(ar)
2.83 E(gs)-.37 E F0 2.5(,r).27 G(eturning its e)-2.5 E(xit status.)-.15
E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(it_status).2 E F0(])A .017(Send the signal named by)
144 612 R F2(sigspec)2.857 E F0(or)2.827 E F2(signum)2.857 E F0 .017
(to the processes named by)2.837 F F2(pid)3.767 E F0(or)3.287 E F2
-(jobspec)4.257 E F0(.).31 E F2(sigspec)5.357 E F0(is)2.827 E .318
-(either a case-insensiti)144 624 R .618 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .318
-(ignal name such as).15 F F3(SIGKILL)2.818 E F0 .319
-(\(with or without the)2.569 F F3(SIG)2.819 E F0 .319
-(pre\214x\) or a signal)2.569 F(number;)144 636 Q F2(signum)3.268 E F0
+(jobspec)4.257 E F0(.).31 E F2(sigspec)5.357 E F0(is)2.828 E .319
+(either a case-insensiti)144 624 R .619 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .319
+(ignal name such as).15 F F3(SIGKILL)2.819 E F0 .318
+(\(with or without the)2.569 F F3(SIG)2.818 E F0 .318
+(pre\214x\) or a signal)2.568 F(number;)144 636 Q F2(signum)3.267 E F0
.427(is a signal number)3.247 F 5.427(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.427 E F2(sigspec)
3.267 E F0 .427(is not present, then)3.237 F F3(SIGTERM)2.927 E F0 .427
-(is assumed.)2.677 F .427(An ar)5.427 F(-)-.2 E .313(gument of)144 648 R
-F1<ad6c>2.813 E F0 .314(lists the signal names.)2.814 F .314(If an)5.314
+(is assumed.)2.677 F .428(An ar)5.427 F(-)-.2 E .314(gument of)144 648 R
+F1<ad6c>2.814 E F0 .314(lists the signal names.)2.814 F .314(If an)5.314
F 2.814(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-2.814 G .314(uments are supplied when).18 F
-F1<ad6c>2.814 E F0 .314(is gi)2.814 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .314
-(n, the names of).15 F .12(the signals corresponding to the ar)144 660 R
-.119(guments are listed, and the return status is 0.)-.18 F(The)5.119 E
-F2 -.2(ex)2.619 G(it_status).2 E F0(ar)2.619 E(-)-.2 E .799(gument to)
-144 672 R F1<ad6c>3.299 E F0 .799
-(is a number specifying either a signal number or the e)3.299 F .8
-(xit status of a process termi-)-.15 F .963(nated by a signal.)144 684 R
+F1<ad6c>2.814 E F0 .314(is gi)2.814 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .313
+(n, the names of).15 F .119(the signals corresponding to the ar)144 660
+R .119(guments are listed, and the return status is 0.)-.18 F(The)5.12 E
+F2 -.2(ex)2.62 G(it_status).2 E F0(ar)2.62 E(-)-.2 E .8(gument to)144
+672 R F1<ad6c>3.3 E F0 .8
+(is a number specifying either a signal number or the e)3.3 F .799
+(xit status of a process termi-)-.15 F .962(nated by a signal.)144 684 R
(The)5.962 E F1<ad4c>3.462 E F0 .962(option is equi)3.462 F -.25(va)-.25
G .962(lent to).25 F F1<ad6c>3.462 E F0(.)A F1(kill)5.962 E F0 .962
(returns true if at least one signal w)3.462 F(as)-.1 E
(successfully sent, or f)144 696 Q(alse if an error occurs or an in)-.1
E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered.).25 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q
-(2022 May 2)150.675 E(69)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
+(2022 June 3)150.675 E(69)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 70 70
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
SF(let)108 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0([)2.5 E F2
-(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(Each)144 96 Q F2(ar)3.026 E(g)-.37 E F0
-.196(is an arithmetic e)2.916 F .197(xpression to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)
--.25 G .197(luated \(see).25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .197(ARITHMETIC EV)
-2.697 F(ALU)-1.215 E -.855(AT)-.54 G(ION).855 E F0(abo)2.447 E -.15(ve)
--.15 G 2.697(\). If).15 F(the last)144 108 Q F2(ar)2.83 E(g)-.37 E F0
+(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(Each)144 96 Q F2(ar)3.027 E(g)-.37 E F0
+.197(is an arithmetic e)2.917 F .197(xpression to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)
+-.25 G .196(luated \(see).25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .196(ARITHMETIC EV)
+2.696 F(ALU)-1.215 E -.855(AT)-.54 G(ION).855 E F0(abo)2.446 E -.15(ve)
+-.15 G 2.696(\). If).15 F(the last)144 108 Q F2(ar)2.83 E(g)-.37 E F0
-.25(eva)2.72 G(luates to 0,).25 E F1(let)2.5 E F0
(returns 1; 0 is returned otherwise.)2.5 E F1(local)108 124.8 Q F0([)2.5
E F2(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C
-(.. | \255 ])-2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 136.8 S 2.542(re).15 G .042(ach ar)
--2.542 F .042(gument, a local v)-.18 F .042(ariable named)-.25 F F2
+(.. | \255 ])-2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 136.8 S 2.541(re).15 G .041(ach ar)
+-2.541 F .042(gument, a local v)-.18 F .042(ariable named)-.25 F F2
(name)2.902 E F0 .042(is created, and assigned)2.722 F F2(value)2.832 E
-F0 5.042(.T).18 G(he)-5.042 E F2(option)2.542 E F0 .041(can be)2.541 F
-(an)144 148.8 Q 3.152(yo)-.15 G 3.152(ft)-3.152 G .652
-(he options accepted by)-3.152 F F1(declar)3.152 E(e)-.18 E F0 5.652(.W)
-C(hen)-5.652 E F1(local)3.152 E F0 .653
+F0 5.042(.T).18 G(he)-5.042 E F2(option)2.542 E F0 .042(can be)2.542 F
+(an)144 148.8 Q 3.153(yo)-.15 G 3.153(ft)-3.153 G .653
+(he options accepted by)-3.153 F F1(declar)3.153 E(e)-.18 E F0 5.652(.W)
+C(hen)-5.652 E F1(local)3.152 E F0 .652
(is used within a function, it causes the v)3.152 F(ari-)-.25 E(able)144
-160.8 Q F2(name)3.282 E F0 .422(to ha)3.102 F .722 -.15(ve a v)-.2 H
+160.8 Q F2(name)3.281 E F0 .421(to ha)3.101 F .721 -.15(ve a v)-.2 H
.422(isible scope restricted to that function and its children.).15 F
-(If)5.421 E F2(name)2.921 E F0 .421(is \255, the set)2.921 F .509
+(If)5.422 E F2(name)2.922 E F0 .422(is \255, the set)2.922 F .51
(of shell options is made local to the function in which)144 172.8 R F1
-(local)3.01 E F0 .51(is in)3.01 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .51
-(d: shell options changed us-).1 F 1.171(ing the)144 184.8 R F1(set)
-3.671 E F0 -.2(bu)3.671 G 1.171
-(iltin inside the function are restored to their original v).2 F 1.17
-(alues when the function re-)-.25 F 3.38(turns. The)144 196.8 R .88
-(restore is ef)3.38 F .88(fected as if a series of)-.25 F F1(set)3.381 E
-F0 .881(commands were e)3.381 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .881
-(cuted to restore the v).15 F(alues)-.25 E .788
+(local)3.009 E F0 .509(is in)3.009 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .509
+(d: shell options changed us-).1 F 1.17(ing the)144 184.8 R F1(set)3.67
+E F0 -.2(bu)3.67 G 1.171
+(iltin inside the function are restored to their original v).2 F 1.171
+(alues when the function re-)-.25 F 3.381(turns. The)144 196.8 R .881
+(restore is ef)3.381 F .881(fected as if a series of)-.25 F F1(set)3.381
+E F0 .88(commands were e)3.38 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .88
+(cuted to restore the v).15 F(alues)-.25 E .787
(that were in place before the function.)144 208.8 R -.4(Wi)5.788 G .788
-(th no operands,).4 F F1(local)3.288 E F0 .787(writes a list of local v)
-3.288 F .787(ariables to)-.25 F .654(the standard output.)144 220.8 R
-.654(It is an error to use)5.654 F F1(local)3.154 E F0 .654
-(when not within a function.)3.154 F .655(The return status is 0)5.654 F
+(th no operands,).4 F F1(local)3.288 E F0 .788(writes a list of local v)
+3.288 F .788(ariables to)-.25 F .655(the standard output.)144 220.8 R
+.654(It is an error to use)5.655 F F1(local)3.154 E F0 .654
+(when not within a function.)3.154 F .654(The return status is 0)5.654 F
(unless)144 232.8 Q F1(local)2.5 E F0(is used outside a function, an in)
2.5 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F2(name)2.86 E F0(is supplied, or)2.68 E
F2(name)2.5 E F0(is a readonly v)2.5 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(logout)108
(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad74>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad75>-2.5 E F2
(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad43>-2.5 E F2(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)
C F1<ad63>-2.5 E F2(quantum)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(arr)-2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0
-(])A .159(Read lines from the standard input into the inde)144 290.4 R
+(])A .158(Read lines from the standard input into the inde)144 290.4 R
-.15(xe)-.15 G 2.659(da).15 G .159(rray v)-2.659 F(ariable)-.25 E F2
-(arr)2.989 E(ay)-.15 E F0 2.659(,o).32 G 2.658(rf)-2.659 G .158
-(rom \214le descriptor)-2.658 F F2(fd)4.628 E F0 1.248(if the)144 302.4
-R F1<ad75>3.748 E F0 1.248(option is supplied.)3.748 F 1.249(The v)6.249
+(arr)2.989 E(ay)-.15 E F0 2.659(,o).32 G 2.659(rf)-2.659 G .159
+(rom \214le descriptor)-2.659 F F2(fd)4.629 E F0 1.249(if the)144 302.4
+R F1<ad75>3.749 E F0 1.249(option is supplied.)3.749 F 1.249(The v)6.249
F(ariable)-.25 E F3(MAPFILE)3.749 E F0 1.249(is the def)3.499 F(ault)-.1
-E F2(arr)3.749 E(ay)-.15 E F0 6.249(.O)C 1.249(ptions, if supplied,)
--6.249 F(ha)144 314.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E
-(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad64>144 326.4 Q F0 .911
-(The \214rst character of)180 326.4 R F2(delim)3.411 E F0 .911
-(is used to terminate each input line, rather than ne)3.411 F 3.41
+E F2(arr)3.748 E(ay)-.15 E F0 6.248(.O)C 1.248(ptions, if supplied,)
+-6.248 F(ha)144 314.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E
+(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad64>144 326.4 Q F0 .91
+(The \214rst character of)180 326.4 R F2(delim)3.41 E F0 .911
+(is used to terminate each input line, rather than ne)3.41 F 3.411
(wline. If)-.25 F F2(delim)180 338.4 Q F0(is the empty string,)2.5 E F1
(map\214le)2.5 E F0(will terminate a line when it reads a NUL character)
2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1<ad6e>144 350.4 Q F0(Cop)180 350.4 Q 2.5(ya)-.1 G 2.5
(quantum)2.5 E F0(lines are read.)2.5 E(The)5 E F1<ad63>2.5 E F0
(option speci\214es)2.5 E F2(quantum)2.75 E F0(.).32 E F1<ad63>144 422.4
Q F0(Specify the number of lines read between each call to)180 422.4 Q
-F2(callbac)2.7 E(k)-.2 E F0(.).67 E(If)144 439.2 Q F1<ad43>2.967 E F0
+F2(callbac)2.7 E(k)-.2 E F0(.).67 E(If)144 439.2 Q F1<ad43>2.968 E F0
.467(is speci\214ed without)2.967 F F1<ad63>2.967 E F0 2.967(,t)C .467
(he def)-2.967 F .467(ault quantum is 5000.)-.1 F(When)5.467 E F2
(callbac)2.967 E(k)-.2 E F0 .467(is e)2.967 F -.25(va)-.25 G .467
-(luated, it is sup-).25 F .262(plied the inde)144 451.2 R 2.762(xo)-.15
-G 2.762(ft)-2.762 G .262(he ne)-2.762 F .261(xt array element to be ass\
-igned and the line to be assigned to that element)-.15 F .274
-(as additional ar)144 463.2 R(guments.)-.18 E F2(callbac)5.274 E(k)-.2 E
-F0 .274(is e)2.774 F -.25(va)-.25 G .274
-(luated after the line is read b).25 F .275
+(luated, it is sup-).25 F .261(plied the inde)144 451.2 R 2.761(xo)-.15
+G 2.761(ft)-2.761 G .261(he ne)-2.761 F .262(xt array element to be ass\
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+(as additional ar)144 463.2 R(guments.)-.18 E F2(callbac)5.275 E(k)-.2 E
+F0 .275(is e)2.775 F -.25(va)-.25 G .274
+(luated after the line is read b).25 F .274
(ut before the array element is)-.2 F(assigned.)144 475.2 Q
(If not supplied with an e)144 492 Q(xplicit origin,)-.15 E F1
(map\214le)2.5 E F0(will clear)2.5 E F2(arr)2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0
(before assigning to it.)2.5 E F1(map\214le)144 508.8 Q F0 .797
-(returns successfully unless an in)3.298 F -.25(va)-.4 G .797
+(returns successfully unless an in)3.297 F -.25(va)-.4 G .797
(lid option or option ar).25 F .797(gument is supplied,)-.18 F F2(arr)
-3.297 E(ay)-.15 E F0 .797(is in-)3.297 F -.25(va)144 520.8 S
+3.297 E(ay)-.15 E F0 .798(is in-)3.298 F -.25(va)144 520.8 S
(lid or unassignable, or if).25 E F2(arr)2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0
(is not an inde)2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G(rray)-2.5 E(.)-.65 E
F1(popd)108 537.6 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F2(n)A F0
-2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A(Remo)144 549.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.091
-(se).15 G .591(ntries from the directory stack.)-3.091 F .592
-(The elements are numbered from 0 starting at the \214rst)5.591 F .665
-(directory listed by)144 561.6 R F1(dirs)3.165 E F0 5.665(.W)C .665
-(ith no ar)-6.065 F(guments,)-.18 E F1(popd)3.165 E F0(remo)3.165 E -.15
-(ve)-.15 G 3.165(st).15 G .664(he top directory from the stack, and)
+2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A(Remo)144 549.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.092
+(se).15 G .592(ntries from the directory stack.)-3.092 F .591
+(The elements are numbered from 0 starting at the \214rst)5.591 F .664
+(directory listed by)144 561.6 R F1(dirs)3.164 E F0 5.664(.W)C .664
+(ith no ar)-6.064 F(guments,)-.18 E F1(popd)3.165 E F0(remo)3.165 E -.15
+(ve)-.15 G 3.165(st).15 G .665(he top directory from the stack, and)
-3.165 F(changes to the ne)144 573.6 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G(op directory)-2.5 E
5(.A)-.65 G -.18(rg)-5 G(uments, if supplied, ha).18 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2
H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad6e>144 585.6 Q F0 .551
(that only the stack is manipulated.)180 597.6 Q F1(+)144 609.6 Q F2(n)A
F0(Remo)180 609.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.64(st).15 G(he)-2.64 E F2(n)2.64 E
F0 .14(th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B .14(wn by)-.25
-F F1(dirs)2.64 E F0 2.64(,s)C .14(tarting with zero,)-2.64 F .779
-(from the stack.)180 621.6 R -.15(Fo)5.779 G 3.279(re).15 G(xample:)
--3.429 E/F4 10/Courier@0 SF .779(popd +0)3.279 F F0(remo)3.279 E -.15
-(ve)-.15 G 3.279(st).15 G .779(he \214rst directory)-3.279 F(,)-.65 E F4
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-645.6 Q F2(n)A F0(Remo)180 645.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.76(st).15 G(he)-3.76
-E F2(n)3.76 E F0 1.259(th entry counting from the right of the list sho)
-B 1.259(wn by)-.25 F F1(dirs)3.759 E F0 3.759(,s)C 1.259(tarting with)
--3.759 F 2.5(zero. F)180 657.6 R(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E F4(popd -0)
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-(,)-.65 E F4(popd -1)2.5 E F0(the ne)2.5 E(xt to last.)-.15 E .093
+F F1(dirs)2.64 E F0 2.64(,s)C .14(tarting with zero,)-2.64 F .78
+(from the stack.)180 621.6 R -.15(Fo)5.78 G 3.28(re).15 G(xample:)-3.43
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+(popd +1)3.279 F F0 .779(the sec-)3.279 F(ond.)180 633.6 Q F1<ad>144
+645.6 Q F2(n)A F0(Remo)180 645.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.759(st).15 G(he)
+-3.759 E F2(n)3.759 E F0 1.259
+(th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.26(wn by)-.25 F F1
+(dirs)3.76 E F0 3.76(,s)C 1.26(tarting with)-3.76 F 2.5(zero. F)180
+657.6 R(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E F4(popd -0)2.5 E F0(remo)2.5 E -.15
+(ve)-.15 G 2.5(st).15 G(he last directory)-2.5 E(,)-.65 E F4(popd -1)2.5
+E F0(the ne)2.5 E(xt to last.)-.15 E .094
(If the top element of the directory stack is modi\214ed, and the)144
-674.4 R F2(-n)2.593 E F0 .094(option w)2.594 F .094(as not supplied,)-.1
-F F1(popd)2.594 E F0(uses)2.594 E(the)144 686.4 Q F1(cd)2.697 E F0 -.2
-(bu)2.697 G .196
+674.4 R F2(-n)2.593 E F0 .093(option w)2.593 F .093(as not supplied,)-.1
+F F1(popd)2.593 E F0(uses)2.593 E(the)144 686.4 Q F1(cd)2.696 E F0 -.2
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(iltin to change to the directory at the top of the stack.).2 F .196
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(The w)180 321.6 R 1.026
(ords are assigned to sequential indices of the array v)-.1 F(ariable)
--.25 E F2(aname)3.855 E F0 3.525(,s).18 G 1.025(tarting at 0.)-3.525 F
+-.25 E F2(aname)3.856 E F0 3.526(,s).18 G 1.026(tarting at 0.)-3.526 F
F2(aname)180.33 333.6 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68 E 2.5(yn)-.15 G .5
-.25(ew va)-2.5 H(lues are assigned.).25 E(Other)5 E F2(name)2.5 E F0
(ar)2.5 E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F1<ad64>144 345.6 Q F2(delim)2.5 E
-F0 .28(The \214rst character of)180 357.6 R F2(delim)2.78 E F0 .281
-(is used to terminate the input line, rather than ne)2.78 F 2.781
-(wline. If)-.25 F F2(de-)2.781 E(lim)180 369.6 Q F0
-(is the empty string,)2.5 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad).18 E F0
+F0 .281(The \214rst character of)180 357.6 R F2(delim)2.781 E F0 .281
+(is used to terminate the input line, rather than ne)2.781 F 2.78
+(wline. If)-.25 F F2(de-)2.78 E(lim)180 369.6 Q F0(is the empty string,)
+2.5 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad).18 E F0
(will terminate a line when it reads a NUL character)2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1
-<ad65>144 381.6 Q F0 .373
+<ad65>144 381.6 Q F0 .372
(If the standard input is coming from a terminal,)180 381.6 R F1 -.18
-(re)2.873 G(adline).18 E F0(\(see)2.873 E F3(READLINE)2.872 E F0(abo)
-2.622 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.872(\)i).15 G 2.872(su)-2.872 G(sed)-2.872 E
+(re)2.873 G(adline).18 E F0(\(see)2.873 E F3(READLINE)2.873 E F0(abo)
+2.623 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.873(\)i).15 G 2.873(su)-2.873 G(sed)-2.873 E
.218(to obtain the line.)180 393.6 R .218
(Readline uses the current \(or def)5.218 F .218
(ault, if line editing w)-.1 F .218(as not pre)-.1 F(viously)-.25 E
(acti)180 405.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(\)e).15 G(diting settings, b)-2.5 E
(ut uses Readline')-.2 E 2.5(sd)-.55 G(ef)-2.5 E
(ault \214lename completion.)-.1 E F1<ad69>144 417.6 Q F2(te)2.5 E(xt)
--.2 E F0(If)180 417.6 Q F1 -.18(re)2.716 G(adline).18 E F0 .216
-(is being used to read the line,)2.716 F F2(te)2.716 E(xt)-.2 E F0 .216
-(is placed into the editing b)2.716 F(uf)-.2 E .215(fer before edit-)
+-.2 E F0(If)180 417.6 Q F1 -.18(re)2.715 G(adline).18 E F0 .216
+(is being used to read the line,)2.715 F F2(te)2.716 E(xt)-.2 E F0 .216
+(is placed into the editing b)2.716 F(uf)-.2 E .216(fer before edit-)
-.25 F(ing be)180 429.6 Q(gins.)-.15 E F1<ad6e>144 441.6 Q F2(nc)2.5 E
-(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 453.6 S(ad).18 E F0 .322
-(returns after reading)2.822 F F2(nc)2.823 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 .323
+(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 453.6 S(ad).18 E F0 .323
+(returns after reading)2.823 F F2(nc)2.823 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 .323
(characters rather than w)2.823 F .323
(aiting for a complete line of in-)-.1 F(put, b)180 465.6 Q
(ut honors a delimiter if fe)-.2 E(wer than)-.25 E F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15
E(s)-.1 E F0(characters are read before the delimiter)2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1
<ad4e>144 477.6 Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 489.6 S
-(ad).18 E F0 1.269(returns after reading e)3.77 F(xactly)-.15 E F2(nc)
+(ad).18 E F0 1.269(returns after reading e)3.769 F(xactly)-.15 E F2(nc)
3.769 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.269(characters rather than w)3.769 F
-1.269(aiting for a complete)-.1 F .274
+1.27(aiting for a complete)-.1 F .275
(line of input, unless EOF is encountered or)180 501.6 R F1 -.18(re)
-2.775 G(ad).18 E F0 .275(times out.)2.775 F .275
-(Delimiter characters encoun-)5.275 F 1.003
+2.775 G(ad).18 E F0 .274(times out.)2.774 F .274
+(Delimiter characters encoun-)5.274 F 1.002
(tered in the input are not treated specially and do not cause)180 513.6
-R F1 -.18(re)3.502 G(ad).18 E F0 1.002(to return until)3.502 F F2(nc)
-3.502 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 .608(characters are read.)180 525.6 R .608
-(The result is not split on the characters in)5.608 F F1(IFS)3.108 E F0
-3.108(;t)C .609(he intent is that the)-3.108 F -.25(va)180 537.6 S .67
+R F1 -.18(re)3.503 G(ad).18 E F0 1.003(to return until)3.503 F F2(nc)
+3.503 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 .609(characters are read.)180 525.6 R .608
+(The result is not split on the characters in)5.609 F F1(IFS)3.108 E F0
+3.108(;t)C .608(he intent is that the)-3.108 F -.25(va)180 537.6 S .669
(riable is assigned e).25 F .669
-(xactly the characters read \(with the e)-.15 F .669
+(xactly the characters read \(with the e)-.15 F .67
(xception of backslash; see the)-.15 F F1<ad72>180 549.6 Q F0
(option belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1<ad70>144 561.6 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45
-E F0(Display)180 573.6 Q F2(pr)3.66 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161
-(on standard error)3.66 F 3.661(,w)-.4 G 1.161(ithout a trailing ne)
+E F0(Display)180 573.6 Q F2(pr)3.661 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161
+(on standard error)3.661 F 3.661(,w)-.4 G 1.161(ithout a trailing ne)
-3.661 F 1.161(wline, before attempting to read)-.25 F(an)180 585.6 Q
2.5(yi)-.15 G 2.5(nput. The)-2.5 F
(prompt is displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.)2.5 E F1
-<ad72>144 597.6 Q F0 .544(Backslash does not act as an escape character)
-180 597.6 R 5.543(.T)-.55 G .543
-(he backslash is considered to be part of)-5.543 F .492(the line.)180
-609.6 R .492(In particular)5.492 F 2.992(,ab)-.4 G(ackslash-ne)-2.992 E
+<ad72>144 597.6 Q F0 .543(Backslash does not act as an escape character)
+180 597.6 R 5.543(.T)-.55 G .544
+(he backslash is considered to be part of)-5.543 F .493(the line.)180
+609.6 R .493(In particular)5.493 F 2.993(,ab)-.4 G(ackslash-ne)-2.993 E
.493(wline pair may not then be used as a line continua-)-.25 F(tion.)
180 621.6 Q F1<ad73>144 633.6 Q F0(Silent mode.)180 633.6 Q
(If input is coming from a terminal, characters are not echoed.)5 E F1
-<ad74>144 645.6 Q F2(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 657.6 Q F1 -.18(re)2.929
-G(ad).18 E F0 .428(to time out and return f)2.929 F .428
-(ailure if a complete line of input \(or a speci\214ed num-)-.1 F .56
+<ad74>144 645.6 Q F2(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 657.6 Q F1 -.18(re)2.928
+G(ad).18 E F0 .428(to time out and return f)2.928 F .428
+(ailure if a complete line of input \(or a speci\214ed num-)-.1 F .561
(ber of characters\) is not read within)180 669.6 R F2(timeout)3.061 E
-F0(seconds.)3.061 E F2(timeout)5.561 E F0 .561(may be a decimal number)
+F0(seconds.)3.061 E F2(timeout)5.561 E F0 .56(may be a decimal number)
3.061 F(with a fractional portion follo)180 681.6 Q
(wing the decimal point.)-.25 E(This option is only ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E
.3 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(f).15 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad).18 E F0 .506(is readin\
g input from a terminal, pipe, or other special \214le; it has no ef)180
-693.6 R .506(fect when reading)-.25 F .59(from re)180 705.6 R .59
-(gular \214les.)-.15 F(If)5.59 E F1 -.18(re)3.09 G(ad).18 E F0 .589
-(times out,)3.09 F F1 -.18(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0(sa)3.089 E -.15(ve)-.2
-G 3.089(sa).15 G .889 -.15(ny p)-3.089 H .589
+693.6 R .505(fect when reading)-.25 F .589(from re)180 705.6 R .589
+(gular \214les.)-.15 F(If)5.589 E F1 -.18(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0 .589
+(times out,)3.089 F F1 -.18(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0(sa)3.089 E -.15(ve)
+-.2 G 3.089(sa).15 G .889 -.15(ny p)-3.089 H .59
(artial input read into the speci\214ed).15 F -.25(va)180 717.6 S
(riable).25 E F2(name)2.77 E F0 5.27(.I)C(f)-5.27 E F2(timeout)2.77 E F0
.27(is 0,)2.77 F F1 -.18(re)2.77 G(ad).18 E F0 .27(returns immediately)
2.77 F 2.77(,w)-.65 G .27(ithout trying to read an)-2.77 F 2.77(yd)-.15
-G(ata.)-2.77 E 1.042(The e)180 729.6 R 1.041
+G(ata.)-2.77 E 1.041(The e)180 729.6 R 1.041
(xit status is 0 if input is a)-.15 F -.25(va)-.2 G 1.041
-(ilable on the speci\214ed \214le descriptor).25 F 3.541(,o)-.4 G 3.541
-(rt)-3.541 G 1.041(he read will)-3.541 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q
-(2022 May 2)150.675 E(72)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
+(ilable on the speci\214ed \214le descriptor).25 F 3.541(,o)-.4 G 3.542
+(rt)-3.541 G 1.042(he read will)-3.542 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q
+(2022 June 3)150.675 E(72)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 73 73
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
-(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .706(return EOF)
-180 84 R 3.206(,n)-.8 G .706(on-zero otherwise.)-3.206 F .706(The e)
-5.706 F .707(xit status is greater than 128 if the timeout is e)-.15 F
+(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .707(return EOF)
+180 84 R 3.207(,n)-.8 G .707(on-zero otherwise.)-3.207 F .707(The e)
+5.707 F .707(xit status is greater than 128 if the timeout is e)-.15 F
(x-)-.15 E(ceeded.)180 96 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad75>144 108 Q/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(fd)2.5 E F0(Read input from \214le descriptor)180 108
Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .522(If no)144 124.8 R F2(names)3.382 E F0 .522
(are supplied, the line read, without the ending delimiter b)3.292 F
-.522(ut otherwise unmodi\214ed, is)-.2 F 1.186(assigned to the v)144
+.522(ut otherwise unmodi\214ed, is)-.2 F 1.187(assigned to the v)144
136.8 R(ariable)-.25 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(REPL)3.686 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9
/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 1.186(The e)5.686 F 1.186
(xit status is zero, unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)-.15 F F1 -.18
-(re)3.687 G(ad).18 E F0 .961
+(re)3.686 G(ad).18 E F0 .96
(times out \(in which case the status is greater than 128\), a v)144
-148.8 R .96(ariable assignment error \(such as as-)-.25 F .706
+148.8 R .961(ariable assignment error \(such as as-)-.25 F .707
(signing to a readonly v)144 160.8 R .706(ariable\) occurs, or an in)
-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .706(lid \214le descriptor is supplied as the ar)
-.25 F .70
7(gument to)-.18 F F1<ad75>144 172.8 Q F0(.)A F1 -.18(re)108
+.25 F .70
6(gument to)-.18 F F1<ad75>144 172.8 Q F0(.)A F1 -.18(re)108
189.6 S(adonly).18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAf)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E
F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 2.5(].)C(..])
-2.5 E .77(The gi)144 201.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E F2(names)3.27 E F0
.77(are mark)3.27 F .77(ed readonly; the v)-.1 F .77(alues of these)-.25
-F F2(names)3.63 E F0 .77(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.096
-(quent assignment.)144 213.6 R 1.096(If the)6.096 F F1<ad66>3.596 E F0
-1.097(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.596 F F2
-(names)3.597 E F0 1.097(are so)3.597 F(mark)144 225.6 Q 3.334(ed. The)
+F F2(names)3.63 E F0 .77(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.097
+(quent assignment.)144 213.6 R 1.097(If the)6.097 F F1<ad66>3.597 E F0
+1.097(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.597 F F2
+(names)3.596 E F0 1.096(are so)3.596 F(mark)144 225.6 Q 3.334(ed. The)
-.1 F F1<ad61>3.334 E F0 .834(option restricts the v)3.334 F .834
(ariables to inde)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.334(da).15 G .834(rrays; the)
-3.334 F F1<ad41>3.334 E F0 .834(option restricts the v)3.334 F(ari-)
--.25 E .776(ables to associati)144 237.6 R 1.076 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 3.276
-(rrays. If).15 F .777(both options are supplied,)3.27
6 F F1<ad41>3.277 E
-F0(tak)3.277 E .777(es precedence.)-.1 F .777(If no)5.777 F F2(name)
-3.637 E F0(ar)3.457 E(gu-)-.18 E .522(ments are gi)144 249.6 R -.15(ve)
+-.25 E .777(ables to associati)144 237.6 R 1.077 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 3.277
+(rrays. If).15 F .777(both options are supplied,)3.27
7 F F1<ad41>3.277 E
+F0(tak)3.277 E .776(es precedence.)-.1 F .776(If no)5.776 F F2(name)
+3.636 E F0(ar)3.456 E(gu-)-.18 E .521(ments are gi)144 249.6 R -.15(ve)
-.25 G .521(n, or if the).15 F F1<ad70>3.021 E F0 .521
(option is supplied, a list of all readonly names is printed.)3.021 F
-.521(The other)5.521 F .295(options may be used to restrict the output \
-to a subset of the set of readonly names.)144 261.6 R(The)5.296 E F1
-<ad70>2.796 E F0(option)2.796 E .786
+.522(The other)5.521 F .295(options may be used to restrict the output \
+to a subset of the set of readonly names.)144 261.6 R(The)5.295 E F1
+<ad70>2.795 E F0(option)2.795 E .786
(causes output to be displayed in a format that may be reused as input.)
-144 273.6 R .786(If a v)5.786 F .785(ariable name is fol-)-.25 F(lo)144
-285.6 Q .717(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 3.218(,t)C .718(he v)
+144 273.6 R .786(If a v)5.786 F .786(ariable name is fol-)-.25 F(lo)144
+285.6 Q .718(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 3.218(,t)C .718(he v)
-3.218 F .718(alue of the v)-.25 F .718(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)
3.218 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.718(.T)C .718(he return status is 0 unless an in)
-5.718 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .26(option is encountered, one of the)
-.25 F .26(ariable name, or)-.25 F F1<ad66>2.76 E F0 .26
(is supplied with a)2.76 F F2(name)144.36 309.6 Q F0
(that is not a function.)2.68 E F1 -.18(re)108 326.4 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15
-E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .02(Causes a function to stop e)144 338.4 R
--.15(xe)-.15 G .02(cuting and return the v).15 F .021
-(alue speci\214ed by)-.25 F F2(n)2.881 E F0 .021(to its caller)2.761 F
-5.021(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.021 E F2(n)2.881 E F0 .021(is omitted,)2.761 F .597
+E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .021(Causes a function to stop e)144 338.4 R
+-.15(xe)-.15 G .021(cuting and return the v).15 F .021
+(alue speci\214ed by)-.25 F F2(n)2.88 E F0 .02(to its caller)2.76 F 5.02
+(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.02 E F2(n)2.88 E F0 .02(is omitted,)2.76 F .596
(the return status is that of the last command e)144 350.4 R -.15(xe)
--.15 G .596(cuted in the function body).15 F 5.596(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.596 E
-F1 -.18(re)3.096 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .596(is e)3.096 F -.15(xe)-.15
+-.15 G .597(cuted in the function body).15 F 5.597(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.597 E
+F1 -.18(re)3.097 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .597(is e)3.097 F -.15(xe)-.15
G(cuted).15 E .267(by a trap handler)144 362.4 R 2.767(,t)-.4 G .267
(he last command used to determine the status is the last command e)
--2.767 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .268(cuted be-).15 F .02(fore the trap handler)
+-2.767 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .267(cuted be-).15 F .02(fore the trap handler)
144 374.4 R 5.02(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.02 E F1 -.18(re)2.52 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15
E F0 .02(is e)2.52 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .02(cuted during a).15 F F1(DEB)2.52
E(UG)-.1 E F0 .02(trap, the last command used to deter)2.52 F(-)-.2 E
-.885(mine the status is the last command e)144 386.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G
-.886(cuted by the trap handler before).15 F F1 -.18(re)3.386 G(tur).18 E
-(n)-.15 E F0 -.1(wa)3.386 G 3.386(si).1 G -1.9 -.4(nv o)-3.386 H -.1(ke)
-.4 G 3.386(d. If).1 F F1 -.18(re)144 398.4 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .628
-(is used outside a function, b)3.128 F .628(ut during e)-.2 F -.15(xe)
--.15 G .628(cution of a script by the).15 F F1(.)3.127 E F0(\()5.627 E
-F1(sour)A(ce)-.18 E F0 3.127(\)c)C .627(ommand, it)-3.127 F .588
-(causes the shell to stop e)144 410.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .588
-(cuting that script and return either).15 F F2(n)3.448 E F0 .589
-(or the e)3.329 F .589(xit status of the last com-)-.15 F .326(mand e)
-144 422.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .326(cuted within the script as the e).15 F
-.326(xit status of the script.)-.15 F(If)5.326 E F2(n)2.826 E F0 .325
-(is supplied, the return v)2.826 F .325(alue is)-.25 F .444
+.886(mine the status is the last command e)144 386.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G
+.886(cuted by the trap handler before).15 F F1 -.18(re)3.385 G(tur).18 E
+(n)-.15 E F0 -.1(wa)3.385 G 3.385(si).1 G -1.9 -.4(nv o)-3.385 H -.1(ke)
+.4 G 3.385(d. If).1 F F1 -.18(re)144 398.4 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .627
+(is used outside a function, b)3.127 F .628(ut during e)-.2 F -.15(xe)
+-.15 G .628(cution of a script by the).15 F F1(.)3.128 E F0(\()5.628 E
+F1(sour)A(ce)-.18 E F0 3.128(\)c)C .628(ommand, it)-3.128 F .589
+(causes the shell to stop e)144 410.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .589
+(cuting that script and return either).15 F F2(n)3.448 E F0 .588
+(or the e)3.328 F .588(xit status of the last com-)-.15 F .325(mand e)
+144 422.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .325(cuted within the script as the e).15 F
+.326(xit status of the script.)-.15 F(If)5.326 E F2(n)2.826 E F0 .326
+(is supplied, the return v)2.826 F .326(alue is)-.25 F .445
(its least signi\214cant 8 bits.)144 434.4 R .444
-(The return status is non-zero if)5.444 F F1 -.18(re)2.945 G(tur).18 E
-(n)-.15 E F0 .445(is supplied a non-numeric ar)2.945 F(gu-)-.18 E .381
+(The return status is non-zero if)5.445 F F1 -.18(re)2.944 G(tur).18 E
+(n)-.15 E F0 .444(is supplied a non-numeric ar)2.944 F(gu-)-.18 E .381
(ment, or is used outside a function and not during e)144 446.4 R -.15
(xe)-.15 G .381(cution of a script by).15 F F1(.)2.881 E F0(or)3.714 E
-F1(sour)2.881 E(ce)-.18 E F0 5.38(.A)C .68 -.15(ny c)-5.38 H(om-).15 E
-.749(mand associated with the)144 458.4 R F1(RETURN)3.249 E F0 .749
+F1(sour)2.881 E(ce)-.18 E F0 5.381(.A)C .681 -.15(ny c)-5.381 H(om-).15
+E .75(mand associated with the)144 458.4 R F1(RETURN)3.249 E F0 .749
(trap is e)3.249 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .749(cuted before e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15
-G .75(cution resumes after the function).15 F(or script.)144 470.4 Q F1
+G .749(cution resumes after the function).15 F(or script.)144 470.4 Q F1
(set)108 487.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1
<ad6f>-2.5 E F2(option\255name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<adad>-2.5 E F0 2.5
(][)C F1<ad>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E F1
(set)108 499.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(+o)
-2.5 E F2(option\255name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<adad>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1
<ad>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144
-511.2 S .574(thout options, display the name and v).4 F .574
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+.524(riables, if the).25 F 3.024(ya)-.15 G .524(ppear in the en)-3.024 F
+(vironment,)-.4 E .379(are ignored.)184 318 R .379
+(If the shell is started with the ef)5.379 F(fecti)-.25 E .679 -.15
+(ve u)-.25 H .38(ser \(group\) id not equal to the real).15 F .462
(user \(group\) id, and the)184 330 R F1<ad70>2.961 E F0 .461
-(option is not supplied, these actions are tak)2.961 F .462
-(en and the ef)-.1 F(fec-)-.25 E(ti)184 342 Q .695 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .395
+(option is not supplied, these actions are tak)2.961 F .461
+(en and the ef)-.1 F(fec-)-.25 E(ti)184 342 Q .694 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .394
(ser id is set to the real user id.).15 F .395(If the)5.395 F F1<ad70>
-2.895 E F0 .394(option is supplied at startup, the ef)2.895 F(fecti)-.25
-E -.15(ve)-.25 G .386(user id is not reset.)184 354 R -.45(Tu)5.386 G
-.386(rning this option of).45 F 2.886(fc)-.25 G .387(auses the ef)-2.886
-F(fecti)-.25 E .687 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .387(ser and group ids to be).15 F
+2.895 E F0 .395(option is supplied at startup, the ef)2.895 F(fecti)-.25
+E -.15(ve)-.25 G .387(user id is not reset.)184 354 R -.45(Tu)5.387 G
+.387(rning this option of).45 F 2.886(fc)-.25 G .386(auses the ef)-2.886
+F(fecti)-.25 E .686 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .386(ser and group ids to be).15 F
(set to the real user and group ids.)184 366 Q F1<ad72>144 378 Q F0
(Enable restricted shell mode.)184 378 Q
(This option cannot be unset once it has been set.)5 E F1<ad74>144 390 Q
F0(Exit after reading and e)184 390 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G
-(cuting one command.).15 E F1<ad75>144 402 Q F0 -.35(Tr)184 402 S .774
+(cuting one command.).15 E F1<ad75>144 402 Q F0 -.35(Tr)184 402 S .773
(eat unset v).35 F .773(ariables and parameters other than the special \
-parameters "@" and "*", or)-.25 F .459(array v)184 414 R .459(ariables \
-subscripted with "@" or "*", as an error when performing parameter e)
--.25 F(x-)-.15 E 2.891(pansion. If)184 426 R -.15(ex)2.891 G .391
+parameters "@" and "*", or)-.25 F .46(array v)184 414 R .459(ariables s\
+ubscripted with "@" or "*", as an error when performing parameter e)-.25
+F(x-)-.15 E 2.89(pansion. If)184 426 R -.15(ex)2.89 G .391
(pansion is attempted on an unset v).15 F .391(ariable or parameter)-.25
-F 2.89(,t)-.4 G .39(he shell prints an)-2.89 F
+F 2.891(,t)-.4 G .391(he shell prints an)-2.891 F
(error message, and, if not interacti)184 438 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(,e)
.15 G(xits with a non-zero status.)-2.65 E F1<ad76>144 450 Q F0
(Print shell input lines as the)184 450 Q 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re read.)-2.5 E
F1<ad78>144 462 Q F0 .315(After e)184 462 R .315(xpanding each)-.15 F F2
.315(simple command)2.815 F F0(,)A F1 -.25(fo)2.815 G(r).25 E F0
(command,)2.815 E F1(case)2.815 E F0(command,)2.815 E F1(select)2.815 E
-F0(command,)2.815 E 1.236(or arithmetic)184 474 R F1 -.25(fo)3.736 G(r)
+F0(command,)2.815 E 1.235(or arithmetic)184 474 R F1 -.25(fo)3.736 G(r)
.25 E F0 1.236(command, display the e)3.736 F 1.236(xpanded v)-.15 F
1.236(alue of)-.25 F F3(PS4)3.736 E F4(,)A F0(follo)3.486 E 1.236
(wed by the com-)-.25 F(mand and its e)184 486 Q(xpanded ar)-.15 E
(guments or associated w)-.18 E(ord list.)-.1 E F1<ad42>144 498 Q F0
-1.205(The shell performs brace e)184 498 R 1.205(xpansion \(see)-.15 F
-F1 1.205(Brace Expansion)3.705 F F0(abo)3.705 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.706
-(\). This).15 F 1.206(is on by de-)3.706 F -.1(fa)184 510 S(ult.).1 E F1
-<ad43>144 522 Q F0 .214(If set,)184 522 R F1(bash)2.714 E F0 .214
-(does not o)2.714 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .214(rwrite an e).15 F .214
+1.206(The shell performs brace e)184 498 R 1.206(xpansion \(see)-.15 F
+F1 1.205(Brace Expansion)3.705 F F0(abo)3.705 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.705
+(\). This).15 F 1.205(is on by de-)3.705 F -.1(fa)184 510 S(ult.).1 E F1
+<ad43>144 522 Q F0 .213(If set,)184 522 R F1(bash)2.713 E F0 .213
+(does not o)2.713 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .214(rwrite an e).15 F .214
(xisting \214le with the)-.15 F F1(>)2.714 E F0(,)A F1(>&)2.714 E F0
-2.713(,a)C(nd)-2.713 E F1(<>)2.713 E F0 .213(redirection opera-)2.713 F
-3.053(tors. This)184 534 R .553(may be o)3.053 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .553
+2.714(,a)C(nd)-2.714 E F1(<>)2.714 E F0 .214(redirection opera-)2.714 F
+3.054(tors. This)184 534 R .553(may be o)3.053 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .553
(rridden when creating output \214les by using the redirection opera-)
.15 F(tor)184 546 Q F1(>|)2.5 E F0(instead of)2.5 E F1(>)2.5 E F0(.)A F1
-<ad45>144 558 Q F0 .104(If set, an)184 558 R 2.604(yt)-.15 G .104
-(rap on)-2.604 F F1(ERR)2.604 E F0 .103
-(is inherited by shell functions, command substitutions, and com-)2.604
-F .838(mands e)184 570 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .838(cuted in a subshell en).15
-F 3.338(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(ERR)3.338 E F0 .839
-(trap is normally not inherited in)3.339 F(such cases.)184 582 Q F1
-<ad48>144 594 Q F0(Enable)184 594 Q F1(!)3.032 E F0 .532
-(style history substitution.)5.532 F .531(This option is on by def)5.532
-F .531(ault when the shell is inter)-.1 F(-)-.2 E(acti)184 606 Q -.15
-(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1<ad50>144 618 Q F0 .959
+<ad45>144 558 Q F0 .103(If set, an)184 558 R 2.603(yt)-.15 G .103
+(rap on)-2.603 F F1(ERR)2.603 E F0 .104
+(is inherited by shell functions, command substitutions, and com-)2.603
+F .839(mands e)184 570 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .839(cuted in a subshell en).15
+F 3.339(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(ERR)3.338 E F0 .838
+(trap is normally not inherited in)3.338 F(such cases.)184 582 Q F1
+<ad48>144 594 Q F0(Enable)184 594 Q F1(!)3.031 E F0 .531
+(style history substitution.)5.531 F .531(This option is on by def)5.531
+F .532(ault when the shell is inter)-.1 F(-)-.2 E(acti)184 606 Q -.15
+(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1<ad50>144 618 Q F0 .96
(If set, the shell does not resolv)184 618 R 3.459(es)-.15 G .959
-(ymbolic links when e)-3.459 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .96
-(cuting commands such as).15 F F1(cd)3.46 E F0 1.453
-(that change the current w)184 630 R 1.453(orking directory)-.1 F 6.453
-(.I)-.65 G 3.952(tu)-6.453 G 1.452(ses the ph)-3.952 F 1.452
-(ysical directory structure in-)-.05 F 3.334(stead. By)184 642 R(def)
-3.334 E(ault,)-.1 E F1(bash)3.334 E F0(follo)3.334 E .834
+(ymbolic links when e)-3.459 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .959
+(cuting commands such as).15 F F1(cd)3.459 E F0 1.452
+(that change the current w)184 630 R 1.452(orking directory)-.1 F 6.452
+(.I)-.65 G 3.953(tu)-6.452 G 1.453(ses the ph)-3.953 F 1.453
+(ysical directory structure in-)-.05 F 3.335(stead. By)184 642 R(def)
+3.335 E(ault,)-.1 E F1(bash)3.334 E F0(follo)3.334 E .834
(ws the logical chain of directories when performing com-)-.25 F
(mands which change the current directory)184 654 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad54>144
666 Q F0 .89(If set, an)184 666 R 3.39(yt)-.15 G .89(raps on)-3.39 F F1
(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 4.432(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(DEB)4.432 E
(UG)-.1 E F0(and)4.432 E F1(RETURN)184 690 Q F0
(traps are normally not inherited in such cases.)2.5 E F1<adad>144 702 Q
-F0 .401(If no ar)184 702 R .401(guments follo)-.18 F 2.901(wt)-.25 G
-.401(his option, then the positional parameters are unset.)-2.901 F
-(Otherwise,)5.4 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 714 Q F2
-(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(s, e)A -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fs)-2.5 G
+F0 .4(If no ar)184 702 R .401(guments follo)-.18 F 2.901(wt)-.25 G .401
+(his option, then the positional parameters are unset.)-2.901 F
+(Otherwise,)5.401 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 714 Q
+F2(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(s, e)A -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fs)-2.5 G
(ome of them be)-2.5 E(gin with a)-.15 E F1<ad>2.5 E F0(.)A
-(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 May 2)150.675 E(75)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
+(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 June 3)150.675 E(75)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 76 76
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
%%EndPageSetup
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
-SF<ad>144 84 Q F0 .796(Signal the end of options, cause all remaining)
+SF<ad>144 84 Q F0 .797(Signal the end of options, cause all remaining)
184 84 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)3.297 E(g)-.37 E F0 3.297(st)C 3.297
-(ob)-3.297 G 3.297(ea)-3.297 G .797(ssigned to the positional pa-)-3.297
-F 3.02
2(rameters. The)184 96 R F1<ad78>3.022 E F0(and)3.022 E F1<ad76>
+(ob)-3.297 G 3.296(ea)-3.297 G .796(ssigned to the positional pa-)-3.296
+F 3.02
1(rameters. The)184 96 R F1<ad78>3.021 E F0(and)3.022 E F1<ad76>
3.022 E F0 .522(options are turned of)3.022 F 3.022(f. If)-.25 F .522
-(there are no)3.022 F F2(ar)3.022 E(g)-.37 E F0 .521
+(there are no)3.022 F F2(ar)3.022 E(g)-.37 E F0 .522
(s, the positional pa-)B(rameters remain unchanged.)184 108 Q .425
(The options are of)144 124.8 R 2.925(fb)-.25 G 2.925(yd)-2.925 G(ef)
-2.925 E .425(ault unless otherwise noted.)-.1 F .425
-(Using + rather than \255 causes these options)5.425 F .178
-(to be turned of)144 136.8 R 2.678(f. The)-.25 F .178
+(Using + rather than \255 causes these options)5.425 F .177
+(to be turned of)144 136.8 R 2.677(f. The)-.25 F .178
(options can also be speci\214ed as ar)2.678 F .178(guments to an in)
--.18 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .177(cation of the shell.).2 F(The)5.177 E .066
+-.18 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .178(cation of the shell.).2 F(The)5.178 E .066
(current set of options may be found in)144 148.8 R F1<24ad>2.566 E F0
5.066(.T)C .066(he return status is al)-5.066 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .066
-(ys true unless an in).1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .067(lid option).25 F
+(ys true unless an in).1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .066(lid option).25 F
(is encountered.)144 160.8 Q F1(shift)108 177.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0
-(])A .429(The positional parameters from)144 189.6 R F2(n)2.929 E F0
-.429(+1 ... are renamed to)B F1 .429($1 ....)2.929 F F0 -.15(Pa)5.428 G
-.428(rameters represented by the num-).15 F(bers)144 201.6 Q F1($#)2.582
-E F0(do)2.582 E .082(wn to)-.25 F F1($#)2.582 E F0<ad>A F2(n)A F0 .082
-(+1 are unset.)B F2(n)5.442 E F0 .082(must be a non-ne)2.822 F -.05(ga)
--.15 G(ti).05 E .383 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .083(umber less than or equal to)
-.15 F F1($#)2.583 E F0 5.083(.I)C(f)-5.083 E F2(n)2.943 E F0 .06
+(])A .428(The positional parameters from)144 189.6 R F2(n)2.928 E F0
+.429(+1 ... are renamed to)B F1 .429($1 ....)2.929 F F0 -.15(Pa)5.429 G
+.429(rameters represented by the num-).15 F(bers)144 201.6 Q F1($#)2.583
+E F0(do)2.583 E .083(wn to)-.25 F F1($#)2.583 E F0<ad>A F2(n)A F0 .083
+(+1 are unset.)B F2(n)5.443 E F0 .083(must be a non-ne)2.823 F -.05(ga)
+-.15 G(ti).05 E .382 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .082(umber less than or equal to)
+.15 F F1($#)2.582 E F0 5.082(.I)C(f)-5.082 E F2(n)2.942 E F0 .06
(is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 213.6 R(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0
.06(is not gi)2.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .06(n, it is assumed to be 1.).15 F
(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06(is greater than)2.8 F F1($#)2.56 E F0 2.56
-(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .143(positional parameters are not changed.)144 225.6 R
-.144(The return status is greater than zero if)5.143 F F2(n)3.004 E F0
-.144(is greater than)2.884 F F1($#)2.644 E F0
+(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .144(positional parameters are not changed.)144 225.6 R
+.144(The return status is greater than zero if)5.144 F F2(n)3.003 E F0
+.143(is greater than)2.883 F F1($#)2.643 E F0
(or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 237.6 Q F1(shopt)108 254.4 Q F0([)
2.5 E F1(\255pqsu)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6f>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(optname)
--2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 266.4 S .64(ggle the v).8 F .639
+-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 266.4 S .639(ggle the v).8 F .639
(alues of settings controlling optional shell beha)-.25 F(vior)-.2 E
-5.639(.T)-.55 G .639(he settings can be either those)-5.639 F .374
-(listed belo)144 278.4 R 1.674 -.65(w, o)-.25 H 1.174 -.4(r, i).65 H
-2.874(ft).4 G(he)-2.874 E F1<ad6f>2.874 E F0 .375
+5.639(.T)-.55 G .64(he settings can be either those)-5.639 F .375
+(listed belo)144 278.4 R 1.675 -.65(w, o)-.25 H 1.175 -.4(r, i).65 H
+2.875(ft).4 G(he)-2.875 E F1<ad6f>2.875 E F0 .375
(option is used, those a)2.875 F -.25(va)-.2 G .375(ilable with the).25
-F F1<ad6f>2.875 E F0 .375(option to the)2.875 F F1(set)2.875 E F0 -.2
-(bu)2.875 G .375(iltin com-).2 F 2.566(mand. W)144 290.4 R .066
+F F1<ad6f>2.875 E F0 .374(option to the)2.875 F F1(set)2.874 E F0 -.2
+(bu)2.874 G .374(iltin com-).2 F 2.565(mand. W)144 290.4 R .065
(ith no options, or with the)-.4 F F1<ad70>2.566 E F0 .066
(option, a list of all settable options is displayed, with an in-)2.566
F .074(dication of whether or not each is set; if)144 302.4 R F2
338.4 Q F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad75>144 350.4 Q F0
(Disable \(unset\) each)180 350.4 Q F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad71>144
362.4 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal output \(quiet mode\); the return sta\
-tus indicates whether the)180 362.4 R F2(optname)2.504 E F0(is)2.504 E
-.256(set or unset.)180 374.4 R .256(If multiple)5.256 F F2(optname)2.756
-E F0(ar)2.756 E .256(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.756(nw).15 G
-(ith)-2.756 E F1<ad71>2.756 E F0 2.755(,t)C .255
-(he return status is zero if)-2.755 F(all)180 386.4 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E
+tus indicates whether the)180 362.4 R F2(optname)2.503 E F0(is)2.503 E
+.255(set or unset.)180 374.4 R .255(If multiple)5.255 F F2(optname)2.755
+E F0(ar)2.755 E .256(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.756(nw).15 G
+(ith)-2.756 E F1<ad71>2.756 E F0 2.756(,t)C .256
+(he return status is zero if)-2.756 F(all)180 386.4 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E
F0(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.)2.5 E F1<ad6f>144 398.4 Q F0
(Restricts the v)180 398.4 Q(alues of)-.25 E F2(optname)2.5 E F0
(to be those de\214ned for the)2.5 E F1<ad6f>2.5 E F0(option to the)2.5
-E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .624(If either)144 415.2 R F1
-<ad73>3.12
4 E F0(or)3.124 E F1<ad75>3.124 E F0 .624(is used with no)
+E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .625(If either)144 415.2 R F1
+<ad73>3.12
5 E F0(or)3.124 E F1<ad75>3.124 E F0 .624(is used with no)
3.124 F F2(optname)3.124 E F0(ar)3.124 E(guments,)-.18 E F1(shopt)3.124
-E F0(sho)3.124 E .624(ws only those options which are)-.25 F .984
-(set or unset, respecti)144 427.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.984(.U)
--.65 G .984(nless otherwise noted, the)-5.984 F F1(shopt)3.484 E F0 .983
-(options are disabled \(unset\) by de-)3.483 F -.1(fa)144 439.2 S(ult.)
+E F0(sho)3.124 E .624(ws only those options which are)-.25 F .983
+(set or unset, respecti)144 427.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.983(.U)
+-.65 G .983(nless otherwise noted, the)-5.983 F F1(shopt)3.484 E F0 .984
+(options are disabled \(unset\) by de-)3.484 F -.1(fa)144 439.2 S(ult.)
.1 E 1.544(The return status when listing options is zero if all)144 456
-R F2(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.545(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.)4.045 F
+R F2(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.544(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.)4.044 F
.696
(When setting or unsetting options, the return status is zero unless an)
-144 468 R F2(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .695(alid shell)
+144 468 R F2(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .696(alid shell)
-.25 F(option.)144 480 Q(The list of)144 496.8 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0
-(options is:)2.5 E F1(assoc_expand_once)144 514.8 Q F0 1.944
+(options is:)2.5 E F1(assoc_expand_once)144 514.8 Q F0 1.945
(If set, the shell suppresses multiple e)184 526.8 R -.25(va)-.25 G
-1.945(luation of associati).25 F 2.245 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 1.945
+1.944(luation of associati).25 F 2.244 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 1.944
(rray subscripts during).15 F .885(arithmetic e)184 538.8 R .885
(xpression e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .885(luation, while e).25 F -.15(xe)
-.15 G .885(cuting b).15 F .885(uiltins that can perform v)-.2 F .885
(ariable as-)-.25 F(signments, and while e)184 550.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G
(cuting b).15 E(uiltins that perform array dereferencing.)-.2 E F1
-(autocd)144 562.8 Q F0 .199
+(autocd)144 562.8 Q F0 .2
(If set, a command name that is the name of a directory is e)184 562.8 R
--.15(xe)-.15 G .2(cuted as if it were the ar).15 F(gu-)-.18 E
+-.15(xe)-.15 G .199(cuted as if it were the ar).15 F(gu-)-.18 E
(ment to the)184 574.8 Q F1(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F
(option is only used by interacti)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E
-F1(cdable_v)144 586.8 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .156(If set, an ar)184 598.8 R .156
-(gument to the)-.18 F F1(cd)2.656 E F0 -.2(bu)2.656 G .155
+F1(cdable_v)144 586.8 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .155(If set, an ar)184 598.8 R .155
+(gument to the)-.18 F F1(cd)2.655 E F0 -.2(bu)2.655 G .156
(iltin command that is not a directory is assumed to be the).2 F
(name of a v)184 610.8 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E
(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E F1(cdspell)144 622.8 Q F0
1.055
(If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory component in a)184
-622.8 R F1(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.988
-(corrected. The)184 634.8 R 1.488(errors check)3.988 F 1.487
-(ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.987(,a)
--.4 G(nd)-3.987 E .77(one character too man)184 646.8 R 4.57 -.65(y. I)
+622.8 R F1(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.987
+(corrected. The)184 634.8 R 1.487(errors check)3.987 F 1.487
+(ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.988(,a)
+-.4 G(nd)-3.988 E .77(one character too man)184 646.8 R 4.57 -.65(y. I)
-.15 H 3.27(fac).65 G .77
(orrection is found, the corrected \214lename is printed, and)-3.27 F
(the command proceeds.)184 658.8 Q
(This option is only used by interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.)
-.15 E F1(checkhash)144 670.8 Q F0 .737(If set,)184 682.8 R F1(bash)3.237
-E F0 .736(checks that a command found in the hash table e)3.237 F .736
+.15 E F1(checkhash)144 670.8 Q F0 .736(If set,)184 682.8 R F1(bash)3.236
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(the directory name initially supplied does not e)184 506.4 Q(xist.)-.15
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199.835 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 79 79
%%BeginPageSetup
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(If set, and job control is not acti)184 223.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.566
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--.4 E F1(lithist)144 252 Q F0 .654(If set, and the)184 252 R F1(cmdhist)
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(wlines rather than using semicolon separators where possible.)-.25 E F1
-(localv)144 280.8 Q(ar_inherit)-.1 E F0 .422(If set, local v)184 292.8 R
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-304.8 S .173(ists at a pre).15 F .173(vious scope before an)-.25 F 2.673
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the beha)184 357.6 R(v-)-.2 E(ior of unsetting local v)184 369.6 Q
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Q F0 .486
(The shell sets this option if it is started as a login shell \(see)184
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%%Page: 80 80
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(If set, and programmable completion is enabled,)184 153.6 R F1(bash)
4.624 E F0 2.124(treats a command name that)4.624 F(doesn')184 165.6 Q
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(If set, prompt strings under)184 218.4 R 1.448(go parameter e)-.18 F
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(re)144 259.2 S(stricted_shell).18 E F0 1.069
(The shell sets this option if it is started in restricted mode \(see)
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E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(rw).15 G(hether or not a shell is restricted.)-2.5
-E F1(shift_v)144 312 Q(erbose)-.1 E F0 .501(If set, the)184 324 R F1
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+E F1(shift_v)144 312 Q(erbose)-.1 E F0 .502(If set, the)184 324 R F1
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-(ving them open when the com-)-.2 F(mand completes.)184 429.6 Q F1
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(ach operator and operand must be a separate ar)-5.53 F 3.03
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-(primaries described abo)144 564 R 1.66 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2
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4.712 -.65(w. O)-.25 H .912(perator precedence is).65 F
-(used when there are \214v)144 618 Q 2.5(eo)-.15 G 2.5(rm)-2.5 G(ore ar)
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66 S(pr1).2 E F0<ad>2.5 E F1(a)A F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35
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end
projects / thirdparty / bash.git / commitdiff
