<p>
For more detailed information about the design of the DNS and
the DNS protocol, please refer to the standards documents listed in
- <a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#rfcs" title="Request for Comments (RFCs)">the section called “Request for Comments (RFCs)”</a>.
+ <a href="Bv9ARM.ch11.html#rfcs" title="Request for Comments (RFCs)">the section called “Request for Comments (RFCs)”</a>.
</p>
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#dnssec.dynamic.zones">DNSSEC, Dynamic Zones, and Automatic Signing</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2612261">Converting from insecure to secure</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563624">Dynamic DNS update method</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563660">Fully automatic zone signing</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563832">Private-type records</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563869">DNSKEY rollovers</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563882">Dynamic DNS update method</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563915">Automatic key rollovers</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563942">NSEC3PARAM rollovers via UPDATE</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563952">Converting from NSEC to NSEC3</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2564029">Converting from NSEC3 to NSEC</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2564042">Converting from secure to insecure</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2564080">Periodic re-signing</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2564089">NSEC3 and OPTOUT</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2612270">Converting from insecure to secure</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563634">Dynamic DNS update method</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563670">Fully automatic zone signing</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563842">Private-type records</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563879">DNSKEY rollovers</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563892">Dynamic DNS update method</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563925">Automatic key rollovers</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563952">NSEC3PARAM rollovers via UPDATE</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2564029">Converting from NSEC to NSEC3</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2564039">Converting from NSEC3 to NSEC</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2564052">Converting from secure to insecure</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2564089">Periodic re-signing</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2573656">NSEC3 and OPTOUT</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#rfc5011.support">Dynamic Trust Anchor Management</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2573816">Validating Resolver</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2573838">Authoritative Server</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2573826">Validating Resolver</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2573848">Authoritative Server</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#pkcs11">PKCS#11 (Cryptoki) support</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2611549">Prerequisites</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2611559">Native PKCS#11</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2612528">OpenSSL-based PKCS#11</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2639364">PKCS#11 Tools</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2639537">Using the HSM</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2639891">Specifying the engine on the command line</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2639939">Running named with automatic zone re-signing</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2666992">Prerequisites</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2667001">Native PKCS#11</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2612469">OpenSSL-based PKCS#11</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2639305">PKCS#11 Tools</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2639478">Using the HSM</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2639832">Specifying the engine on the command line</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2639880">Running named with automatic zone re-signing</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#dlz-info">DLZ (Dynamically Loadable Zones)</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2640003">Configuring DLZ</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2611746">Sample DLZ Driver</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2639944">Configuring DLZ</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2611755">Sample DLZ Driver</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2571523">IPv6 Support in <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> 9</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
The incremental zone transfer (IXFR) protocol is a way for
slave servers to transfer only changed data, instead of having to
transfer the entire zone. The IXFR protocol is specified in RFC
- 1995. See <a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#proposed_standards">Proposed Standards</a>.
+ 1995. See <a href="Bv9ARM.ch11.html#proposed_standards">Proposed Standards</a>.
</p>
<p>
When acting as a master, <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> 9
from insecure to signed and back again. A secure zone can use
either NSEC or NSEC3 chains.</p>
<div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2612261"></a>Converting from insecure to secure</h3></div></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2612270"></a>Converting from insecure to secure</h3></div></div></div></div>
<p>Changing a zone from insecure to secure can be done in two
ways: using a dynamic DNS update, or the
<span><strong class="command">auto-dnssec</strong></span> zone option.</p>
well. An NSEC chain will be generated as part of the initial
signing process.</p>
<div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2563624"></a>Dynamic DNS update method</h3></div></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2563634"></a>Dynamic DNS update method</h3></div></div></div></div>
<p>To insert the keys via dynamic update:</p>
<pre class="screen">
% nsupdate
<p>While the initial signing and NSEC/NSEC3 chain generation
is happening, other updates are possible as well.</p>
<div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2563660"></a>Fully automatic zone signing</h3></div></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2563670"></a>Fully automatic zone signing</h3></div></div></div></div>
<p>To enable automatic signing, add the
<span><strong class="command">auto-dnssec</strong></span> option to the zone statement in
<code class="filename">named.conf</code>.
configuration. If this has not been done, the configuration will
fail.</p>
<div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2563832"></a>Private-type records</h3></div></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2563842"></a>Private-type records</h3></div></div></div></div>
<p>The state of the signing process is signaled by
private-type records (with a default type value of 65534). When
signing is complete, these records will have a nonzero value for
<p>
</p>
<div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2563869"></a>DNSKEY rollovers</h3></div></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2563879"></a>DNSKEY rollovers</h3></div></div></div></div>
<p>As with insecure-to-secure conversions, rolling DNSSEC
keys can be done in two ways: using a dynamic DNS update, or the
<span><strong class="command">auto-dnssec</strong></span> zone option.</p>
<div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2563882"></a>Dynamic DNS update method</h3></div></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2563892"></a>Dynamic DNS update method</h3></div></div></div></div>
<p> To perform key rollovers via dynamic update, you need to add
the <code class="filename">K*</code> files for the new keys so that
<span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> can find them. You can then add the new
<span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> will clean out any signatures generated
by the old key after the update completes.</p>
<div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2563915"></a>Automatic key rollovers</h3></div></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2563925"></a>Automatic key rollovers</h3></div></div></div></div>
<p>When a new key reaches its activation date (as set by
<span><strong class="command">dnssec-keygen</strong></span> or <span><strong class="command">dnssec-settime</strong></span>),
if the <span><strong class="command">auto-dnssec</strong></span> zone option is set to
completes in 30 days, after which it will be safe to remove the
old key from the DNSKEY RRset.</p>
<div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2563942"></a>NSEC3PARAM rollovers via UPDATE</h3></div></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2563952"></a>NSEC3PARAM rollovers via UPDATE</h3></div></div></div></div>
<p>Add the new NSEC3PARAM record via dynamic update. When the
new NSEC3 chain has been generated, the NSEC3PARAM flag field
will be zero. At this point you can remove the old NSEC3PARAM
record. The old chain will be removed after the update request
completes.</p>
<div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2563952"></a>Converting from NSEC to NSEC3</h3></div></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2564029"></a>Converting from NSEC to NSEC3</h3></div></div></div></div>
<p>To do this, you just need to add an NSEC3PARAM record. When
the conversion is complete, the NSEC chain will have been removed
and the NSEC3PARAM record will have a zero flag field. The NSEC3
chain will be generated before the NSEC chain is
destroyed.</p>
<div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2564029"></a>Converting from NSEC3 to NSEC</h3></div></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2564039"></a>Converting from NSEC3 to NSEC</h3></div></div></div></div>
<p>To do this, use <span><strong class="command">nsupdate</strong></span> to
remove all NSEC3PARAM records with a zero flag
field. The NSEC chain will be generated before the NSEC3 chain is
removed.</p>
<div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2564042"></a>Converting from secure to insecure</h3></div></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2564052"></a>Converting from secure to insecure</h3></div></div></div></div>
<p>To convert a signed zone to unsigned using dynamic DNS,
delete all the DNSKEY records from the zone apex using
<span><strong class="command">nsupdate</strong></span>. All signatures, NSEC or NSEC3 chains,
<span><strong class="command">allow</strong></span> instead (or it will re-sign).
</p>
<div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2564080"></a>Periodic re-signing</h3></div></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2564089"></a>Periodic re-signing</h3></div></div></div></div>
<p>In any secure zone which supports dynamic updates, named
will periodically re-sign RRsets which have not been re-signed as
a result of some update action. The signature lifetimes will be
adjusted so as to spread the re-sign load over time rather than
all at once.</p>
<div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2564089"></a>NSEC3 and OPTOUT</h3></div></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2573656"></a>NSEC3 and OPTOUT</h3></div></div></div></div>
<p>
<span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> only supports creating new NSEC3 chains
where all the NSEC3 records in the zone have the same OPTOUT
configuration files.</p>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2573816"></a>Validating Resolver</h3></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2573826"></a>Validating Resolver</h3></div></div></div>
<p>To configure a validating resolver to use RFC 5011 to
maintain a trust anchor, configure the trust anchor using a
<span><strong class="command">managed-keys</strong></span> statement. Information about
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2573838"></a>Authoritative Server</h3></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2573848"></a>Authoritative Server</h3></div></div></div>
<p>To set up an authoritative zone for RFC 5011 trust anchor
maintenance, generate two (or more) key signing keys (KSKs) for
the zone. Sign the zone with one of them; this is the "active"
</p>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2611549"></a>Prerequisites</h3></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2666992"></a>Prerequisites</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
See the documentation provided by your HSM vendor for
information about installing, initializing, testing and
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2611559"></a>Native PKCS#11</h3></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2667001"></a>Native PKCS#11</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
Native PKCS#11 mode will only work with an HSM capable of carrying
out <span class="emphasis"><em>every</em></span> cryptographic operation BIND 9 may
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2612528"></a>OpenSSL-based PKCS#11</h3></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2612469"></a>OpenSSL-based PKCS#11</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
OpenSSL-based PKCS#11 mode uses a modified version of the
OpenSSL library; stock OpenSSL does not fully support PKCS#11.
</p>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
-<a name="id2612701"></a>Patching OpenSSL</h4></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2612574"></a>Patching OpenSSL</h4></div></div></div>
<pre class="screen">
$ <strong class="userinput"><code>wget <a href="" target="_top">http://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-0.9.8y.tar.gz</a></code></strong>
</pre>
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
-<a name="id2612760"></a>Building OpenSSL for the AEP Keyper on Linux</h4></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2612701"></a>Building OpenSSL for the AEP Keyper on Linux</h4></div></div></div>
<p>
The AEP Keyper is a highly secure key storage device,
but does not provide hardware cryptographic acceleration. It
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
-<a name="id2612830"></a>Building OpenSSL for the SCA 6000 on Solaris</h4></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2612772"></a>Building OpenSSL for the SCA 6000 on Solaris</h4></div></div></div>
<p>
The SCA-6000 PKCS#11 provider is installed as a system
library, libpkcs11. It is a true crypto accelerator, up to 4
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
-<a name="id2612881"></a>Building OpenSSL for SoftHSM</h4></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2612822"></a>Building OpenSSL for SoftHSM</h4></div></div></div>
<p>
SoftHSM is a software library provided by the OpenDNSSEC
project (http://www.opendnssec.org) which provides a PKCS#11
</p>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
-<a name="id2639246"></a>Configuring BIND 9 for Linux with the AEP Keyper</h4></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2612973"></a>Configuring BIND 9 for Linux with the AEP Keyper</h4></div></div></div>
<p>
To link with the PKCS#11 provider, threads must be
enabled in the BIND 9 build.
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
-<a name="id2639278"></a>Configuring BIND 9 for Solaris with the SCA 6000</h4></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2639220"></a>Configuring BIND 9 for Solaris with the SCA 6000</h4></div></div></div>
<p>
To link with the PKCS#11 provider, threads must be
enabled in the BIND 9 build.
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
-<a name="id2639315"></a>Configuring BIND 9 for SoftHSM</h4></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2639256"></a>Configuring BIND 9 for SoftHSM</h4></div></div></div>
<pre class="screen">
$ <strong class="userinput"><code>cd ../bind9</code></strong>
$ <strong class="userinput"><code>./configure --enable-threads \
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2639364"></a>PKCS#11 Tools</h3></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2639305"></a>PKCS#11 Tools</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
BIND 9 includes a minimal set of tools to operate the
HSM, including
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2639537"></a>Using the HSM</h3></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2639478"></a>Using the HSM</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
For OpenSSL-based PKCS#11, we must first set up the runtime
environment so the OpenSSL and PKCS#11 libraries can be loaded:
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2639891"></a>Specifying the engine on the command line</h3></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2639832"></a>Specifying the engine on the command line</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
When using OpenSSL-based PKCS#11, the "engine" to be used by
OpenSSL can be specified in <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> and all of
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2639939"></a>Running named with automatic zone re-signing</h3></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2639880"></a>Running named with automatic zone re-signing</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
If you want <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> to dynamically re-sign zones
using HSM keys, and/or to to sign new records inserted via nsupdate,
</p>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2640003"></a>Configuring DLZ</h3></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2639944"></a>Configuring DLZ</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
A DLZ database is configured with a <span><strong class="command">dlz</strong></span>
statement in <code class="filename">named.conf</code>:
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2611746"></a>Sample DLZ Driver</h3></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2611755"></a>Sample DLZ Driver</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
For guidance in implementation of DLZ modules, the directory
<code class="filename">contrib/dlz/example</code> contains a basic
</p>
<p>
For an overview of the format and structure of IPv6 addresses,
- see <a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#ipv6addresses" title="IPv6 addresses (AAAA)">the section called “IPv6 addresses (AAAA)”</a>.
+ see <a href="Bv9ARM.ch11.html#ipv6addresses" title="IPv6 addresses (AAAA)">the section called “IPv6 addresses (AAAA)”</a>.
</p>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
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-<tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Appendix A. Appendices</th></tr>
+<tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Appendix A. Release Notes</th></tr>
<tr>
<td width="20%" align="left">
<a accesskey="p" href="Bv9ARM.ch08.html">Prev</a> </td>
</div>
<div class="appendix" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title">
-<a name="Bv9ARM.ch09"></a>Appendix A. Appendices</h2></div></div></div>
+<a name="Bv9ARM.ch09"></a>Appendix A. Release Notes</h2></div></div></div>
<div class="toc">
<p><b>Table of Contents</b></p>
<dl>
-<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2573795">Release Notes for BIND Version 9.11.0pre-alpha</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2573688">Release Notes for BIND Version 9.11.0pre-alpha</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#relnotes_intro">Introduction</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#relnotes_download">Download</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#end_of_life">End of Life</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#relnotes_thanks">Thank You</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
-<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2607845">Acknowledgments</a></span></dt>
-<dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#historical_dns_information">A Brief History of the <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> and <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym></a></span></dt></dl></dd>
-<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2608017">General <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Reference Information</a></span></dt>
-<dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#ipv6addresses">IPv6 addresses (AAAA)</a></span></dt></dl></dd>
-<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#bibliography">Bibliography (and Suggested Reading)</a></span></dt>
-<dd><dl>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#rfcs">Request for Comments (RFCs)</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#internet_drafts">Internet Drafts</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2611297">Other Documents About <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym></a></span></dt>
-</dl></dd>
-<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#bind9.library">BIND 9 DNS Library Support</a></span></dt>
-<dd><dl>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2614852">Prerequisite</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2614861">Compilation</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2612155">Installation</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2612186">Known Defects/Restrictions</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2613901">The dns.conf File</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2613928">Sample Applications</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2615106">Library References</a></span></dt>
-</dl></dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="sect1" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
-<a name="id2573795"></a>Release Notes for BIND Version 9.11.0pre-alpha</h2></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2573688"></a>Release Notes for BIND Version 9.11.0pre-alpha</h2></div></div></div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="relnotes_intro"></a>Introduction</h3></div></div></div>
</p>
</div>
</div>
-<div class="sect1" lang="en">
-<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
-<a name="id2607845"></a>Acknowledgments</h2></div></div></div>
-<div class="sect2" lang="en">
-<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="historical_dns_information"></a>A Brief History of the <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> and <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym>
-</h3></div></div></div>
-<p>
- Although the "official" beginning of the Domain Name
- System occurred in 1984 with the publication of RFC 920, the
- core of the new system was described in 1983 in RFCs 882 and
- 883. From 1984 to 1987, the ARPAnet (the precursor to today's
- Internet) became a testbed of experimentation for developing the
- new naming/addressing scheme in a rapidly expanding,
- operational network environment. New RFCs were written and
- published in 1987 that modified the original documents to
- incorporate improvements based on the working model. RFC 1034,
- "Domain Names-Concepts and Facilities", and RFC 1035, "Domain
- Names-Implementation and Specification" were published and
- became the standards upon which all <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> implementations are
- built.
- </p>
-<p>
- The first working domain name server, called "Jeeves", was
- written in 1983-84 by Paul Mockapetris for operation on DEC
- Tops-20
- machines located at the University of Southern California's
- Information
- Sciences Institute (USC-ISI) and SRI International's Network
- Information
- Center (SRI-NIC). A <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> server for
- Unix machines, the Berkeley Internet
- Name Domain (<acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym>) package, was
- written soon after by a group of
- graduate students at the University of California at Berkeley
- under
- a grant from the US Defense Advanced Research Projects
- Administration
- (DARPA).
- </p>
-<p>
- Versions of <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> through
- 4.8.3 were maintained by the Computer
- Systems Research Group (CSRG) at UC Berkeley. Douglas Terry, Mark
- Painter, David Riggle and Songnian Zhou made up the initial <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym>
- project team. After that, additional work on the software package
- was done by Ralph Campbell. Kevin Dunlap, a Digital Equipment
- Corporation
- employee on loan to the CSRG, worked on <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> for 2 years, from 1985
- to 1987. Many other people also contributed to <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> development
- during that time: Doug Kingston, Craig Partridge, Smoot
- Carl-Mitchell,
- Mike Muuss, Jim Bloom and Mike Schwartz. <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> maintenance was subsequently
- handled by Mike Karels and Øivind Kure.
- </p>
-<p>
- <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> versions 4.9 and 4.9.1 were
- released by Digital Equipment
- Corporation (now Compaq Computer Corporation). Paul Vixie, then
- a DEC employee, became <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym>'s
- primary caretaker. He was assisted
- by Phil Almquist, Robert Elz, Alan Barrett, Paul Albitz, Bryan
- Beecher, Andrew
- Partan, Andy Cherenson, Tom Limoncelli, Berthold Paffrath, Fuat
- Baran, Anant Kumar, Art Harkin, Win Treese, Don Lewis, Christophe
- Wolfhugel, and others.
- </p>
-<p>
- In 1994, <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> version 4.9.2 was sponsored by
- Vixie Enterprises. Paul
- Vixie became <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym>'s principal
- architect/programmer.
- </p>
-<p>
- <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> versions from 4.9.3 onward
- have been developed and maintained
- by the Internet Systems Consortium and its predecessor,
- the Internet Software Consortium, with support being provided
- by ISC's sponsors.
- </p>
-<p>
- As co-architects/programmers, Bob Halley and
- Paul Vixie released the first production-ready version of
- <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> version 8 in May 1997.
- </p>
-<p>
- BIND version 9 was released in September 2000 and is a
- major rewrite of nearly all aspects of the underlying
- BIND architecture.
- </p>
-<p>
- BIND versions 4 and 8 are officially deprecated.
- No additional development is done
- on BIND version 4 or BIND version 8.
- </p>
-<p>
- <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> development work is made
- possible today by the sponsorship
- of several corporations, and by the tireless work efforts of
- numerous individuals.
- </p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="sect1" lang="en">
-<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
-<a name="id2608017"></a>General <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Reference Information</h2></div></div></div>
-<div class="sect2" lang="en">
-<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="ipv6addresses"></a>IPv6 addresses (AAAA)</h3></div></div></div>
-<p>
- IPv6 addresses are 128-bit identifiers for interfaces and
- sets of interfaces which were introduced in the <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> to facilitate
- scalable Internet routing. There are three types of addresses: <span class="emphasis"><em>Unicast</em></span>,
- an identifier for a single interface;
- <span class="emphasis"><em>Anycast</em></span>,
- an identifier for a set of interfaces; and <span class="emphasis"><em>Multicast</em></span>,
- an identifier for a set of interfaces. Here we describe the global
- Unicast address scheme. For more information, see RFC 3587,
- "Global Unicast Address Format."
- </p>
-<p>
- IPv6 unicast addresses consist of a
- <span class="emphasis"><em>global routing prefix</em></span>, a
- <span class="emphasis"><em>subnet identifier</em></span>, and an
- <span class="emphasis"><em>interface identifier</em></span>.
- </p>
-<p>
- The global routing prefix is provided by the
- upstream provider or ISP, and (roughly) corresponds to the
- IPv4 <span class="emphasis"><em>network</em></span> section
- of the address range.
-
- The subnet identifier is for local subnetting, much the
- same as subnetting an
- IPv4 /16 network into /24 subnets.
-
- The interface identifier is the address of an individual
- interface on a given network; in IPv6, addresses belong to
- interfaces rather than to machines.
- </p>
-<p>
- The subnetting capability of IPv6 is much more flexible than
- that of IPv4: subnetting can be carried out on bit boundaries,
- in much the same way as Classless InterDomain Routing
- (CIDR), and the DNS PTR representation ("nibble" format)
- makes setting up reverse zones easier.
- </p>
-<p>
- The Interface Identifier must be unique on the local link,
- and is usually generated automatically by the IPv6
- implementation, although it is usually possible to
- override the default setting if necessary. A typical IPv6
- address might look like:
- <span><strong class="command">2001:db8:201:9:a00:20ff:fe81:2b32</strong></span>
- </p>
-<p>
- IPv6 address specifications often contain long strings
- of zeros, so the architects have included a shorthand for
- specifying
- them. The double colon (`::') indicates the longest possible
- string
- of zeros that can fit, and can be used only once in an address.
- </p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="sect1" lang="en">
-<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
-<a name="bibliography"></a>Bibliography (and Suggested Reading)</h2></div></div></div>
-<div class="sect2" lang="en">
-<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="rfcs"></a>Request for Comments (RFCs)</h3></div></div></div>
-<p>
- Specification documents for the Internet protocol suite, including
- the <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym>, are published as part of
- the Request for Comments (RFCs)
- series of technical notes. The standards themselves are defined
- by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and the Internet
- Engineering Steering Group (IESG). RFCs can be obtained online via FTP at:
- </p>
-<p>
- <a href="ftp://www.isi.edu/in-notes/" target="_top">
- ftp://www.isi.edu/in-notes/RFC<em class="replaceable"><code>xxxx</code></em>.txt
- </a>
- </p>
-<p>
- (where <em class="replaceable"><code>xxxx</code></em> is
- the number of the RFC). RFCs are also available via the Web at:
- </p>
-<p>
- <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/" target="_top">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/</a>.
- </p>
-<div class="bibliography">
-<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
-<a name="id2608341"></a>Bibliography</h4></div></div></div>
-<div class="bibliodiv">
-<h3 class="title">Standards</h3>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2608352"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC974</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">C.</span> <span class="surname">Partridge</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Mail Routing and the Domain System</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">January 1986. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2608375"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1034</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">P.V.</span> <span class="surname">Mockapetris</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Names — Concepts and Facilities</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">November 1987. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2608398"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1035</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">P. V.</span> <span class="surname">Mockapetris</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Names — Implementation and
- Specification</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">November 1987. </span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="bibliodiv">
-<h3 class="title">
-<a name="proposed_standards"></a>Proposed Standards</h3>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2608435"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2181</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">R., R. Bush</span> <span class="surname">Elz</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Clarifications to the <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym>
- Specification</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">July 1997. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2608461"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2308</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Andrews</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Negative Caching of <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym>
- Queries</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 1998. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2608487"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1995</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Ohta</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Incremental Zone Transfer in <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym></i>. </span><span class="pubdate">August 1996. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2608512"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1996</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A Mechanism for Prompt Notification of Zone Changes</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">August 1996. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2608535"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2136</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>, <span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Thomson</span>, <span class="firstname">Y.</span> <span class="surname">Rekhter</span>, and <span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Bound</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Dynamic Updates in the Domain Name System</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">April 1997. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2608590"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2671</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Extension Mechanisms for DNS (EDNS0)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">August 1997. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2608617"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2672</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Crawford</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Non-Terminal DNS Name Redirection</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">August 1999. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2608644"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2845</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>, <span class="firstname">O.</span> <span class="surname">Gudmundsson</span>, <span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>, and <span class="firstname">B.</span> <span class="surname">Wellington</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Secret Key Transaction Authentication for <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> (TSIG)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 2000. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2608706"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2930</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Secret Key Establishment for DNS (TKEY RR)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">September 2000. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2608736"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2931</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>DNS Request and Transaction Signatures (SIG(0)s)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">September 2000. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2608765"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3007</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">B.</span> <span class="surname">Wellington</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Secure Domain Name System (DNS) Dynamic Update</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">November 2000. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2608792"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3645</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Kwan</span>, <span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Garg</span>, <span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Gilroy</span>, <span class="firstname">L.</span> <span class="surname">Esibov</span>, <span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Westhead</span>, and <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Hall</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Generic Security Service Algorithm for Secret
- Key Transaction Authentication for DNS
- (GSS-TSIG)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 2003. </span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="bibliodiv">
-<h3 class="title">
-<acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Security Proposed Standards</h3>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2608874"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3225</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Conrad</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Indicating Resolver Support of DNSSEC</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">December 2001. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2608901"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3833</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Atkins</span> and <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Austein</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Threat Analysis of the Domain Name System (DNS)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">August 2004. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2608937"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC4033</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Arends</span>, <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Austein</span>, <span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Larson</span>, <span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Massey</span>, and <span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Rose</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>DNS Security Introduction and Requirements</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 2005. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2609002"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC4034</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Arends</span>, <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Austein</span>, <span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Larson</span>, <span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Massey</span>, and <span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Rose</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Resource Records for the DNS Security Extensions</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 2005. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2609067"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC4035</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Arends</span>, <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Austein</span>, <span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Larson</span>, <span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Massey</span>, and <span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Rose</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Protocol Modifications for the DNS
- Security Extensions</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 2005. </span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="bibliodiv">
-<h3 class="title">Other Important RFCs About <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym>
- Implementation</h3>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2609141"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1535</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">E.</span> <span class="surname">Gavron</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A Security Problem and Proposed Correction With Widely
- Deployed <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Software</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1993. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2609166"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1536</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Kumar</span>, <span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Postel</span>, <span class="firstname">C.</span> <span class="surname">Neuman</span>, <span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Danzig</span>, and <span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Miller</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Common <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Implementation
- Errors and Suggested Fixes</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1993. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2609235"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1982</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Elz</span> and <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Bush</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Serial Number Arithmetic</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">August 1996. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2609270"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC4074</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">Y.</span> <span class="surname">Morishita</span> and <span class="firstname">T.</span> <span class="surname">Jinmei</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Common Misbehaviour Against <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym>
- Queries for IPv6 Addresses</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 2005. </span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="bibliodiv">
-<h3 class="title">Resource Record Types</h3>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2609316"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1183</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">C.F.</span> <span class="surname">Everhart</span>, <span class="firstname">L. A.</span> <span class="surname">Mamakos</span>, <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Ullmann</span>, and <span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Mockapetris</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>New <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> RR Definitions</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1990. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2609373"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1706</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">B.</span> <span class="surname">Manning</span> and <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Colella</span>. </span><span class="title"><i><acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> NSAP Resource Records</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1994. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2609411"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2168</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Daniel</span> and <span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Mealling</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Resolution of Uniform Resource Identifiers using
- the Domain Name System</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">June 1997. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2609446"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1876</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">C.</span> <span class="surname">Davis</span>, <span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>, <span class="firstname">T.</span>, and <span class="firstname">I.</span> <span class="surname">Dickinson</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A Means for Expressing Location Information in the
- Domain
- Name System</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">January 1996. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2609569"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2052</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Gulbrandsen</span> and <span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> RR for Specifying the
- Location of
- Services</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1996. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2609607"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2163</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Allocchio</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Using the Internet <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> to
- Distribute MIXER
- Conformant Global Address Mapping</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">January 1998. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2609633"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2230</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Atkinson</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Key Exchange Delegation Record for the <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym></i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1997. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2609658"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2536</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>DSA KEYs and SIGs in the Domain Name System (DNS)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 1999. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2609685"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2537</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>RSA/MD5 KEYs and SIGs in the Domain Name System (DNS)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 1999. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2609712"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2538</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span> and <span class="firstname">O.</span> <span class="surname">Gudmundsson</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Storing Certificates in the Domain Name System (DNS)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 1999. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2609751"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2539</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Storage of Diffie-Hellman Keys in the Domain Name System (DNS)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 1999. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2609781"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2540</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Detached Domain Name System (DNS) Information</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 1999. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2609811"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2782</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Gulbrandsen</span>. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">L.</span> <span class="surname">Esibov</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A DNS RR for specifying the location of services (DNS SRV)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">February 2000. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2609853"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2915</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Mealling</span>. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Daniel</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>The Naming Authority Pointer (NAPTR) DNS Resource Record</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">September 2000. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2609886"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3110</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>RSA/SHA-1 SIGs and RSA KEYs in the Domain Name System (DNS)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 2001. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2609913"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3123</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Koch</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A DNS RR Type for Lists of Address Prefixes (APL RR)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">June 2001. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2609937"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3596</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Thomson</span>, <span class="firstname">C.</span> <span class="surname">Huitema</span>, <span class="firstname">V.</span> <span class="surname">Ksinant</span>, and <span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Souissi</span>. </span><span class="title"><i><acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Extensions to support IP
- version 6</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 2003. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2609994"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3597</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Gustafsson</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Handling of Unknown DNS Resource Record (RR) Types</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">September 2003. </span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="bibliodiv">
-<h3 class="title">
-<acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> and the Internet</h3>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2610026"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1101</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">P. V.</span> <span class="surname">Mockapetris</span>. </span><span class="title"><i><acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Encoding of Network Names
- and Other Types</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">April 1989. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2610052"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1123</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="surname">Braden</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Requirements for Internet Hosts - Application and
- Support</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1989. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2610074"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1591</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Postel</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Name System Structure and Delegation</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 1994. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2610098"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2317</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">H.</span> <span class="surname">Eidnes</span>, <span class="firstname">G.</span> <span class="surname">de Groot</span>, and <span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Classless IN-ADDR.ARPA Delegation</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 1998. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2610144"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2826</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="surname">Internet Architecture Board</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>IAB Technical Comment on the Unique DNS Root</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 2000. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2610167"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2929</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>, <span class="firstname">E.</span> <span class="surname">Brunner-Williams</span>, and <span class="firstname">B.</span> <span class="surname">Manning</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Name System (DNS) IANA Considerations</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">September 2000. </span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="bibliodiv">
-<h3 class="title">
-<acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Operations</h3>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2610225"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1033</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Lottor</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain administrators operations guide</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">November 1987. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2610248"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1537</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Beertema</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Common <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Data File
- Configuration Errors</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1993. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2610275"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1912</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Barr</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Common <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Operational and
- Configuration Errors</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">February 1996. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2610301"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2010</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">B.</span> <span class="surname">Manning</span> and <span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Operational Criteria for Root Name Servers</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1996. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2610338"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2219</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Hamilton</span> and <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Wright</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Use of <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Aliases for
- Network Services</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1997. </span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="bibliodiv">
-<h3 class="title">Internationalized Domain Names</h3>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2610384"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2825</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="surname">IAB</span> and <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Daigle</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A Tangled Web: Issues of I18N, Domain Names,
- and the Other Internet protocols</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 2000. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2610416"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3490</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Faltstrom</span>, <span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Hoffman</span>, and <span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Costello</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Internationalizing Domain Names in Applications (IDNA)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 2003. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2610461"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3491</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Hoffman</span> and <span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Blanchet</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Nameprep: A Stringprep Profile for Internationalized Domain Names</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 2003. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2610497"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3492</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Costello</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Punycode: A Bootstring encoding of Unicode
- for Internationalized Domain Names in
- Applications (IDNA)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 2003. </span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="bibliodiv">
-<h3 class="title">Other <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym>-related RFCs</h3>
-<div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
-<h3 class="title">Note</h3>
-<p>
- Note: the following list of RFCs, although
- <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym>-related, are not
- concerned with implementing software.
- </p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2610541"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1464</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Rosenbaum</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Using the Domain Name System To Store Arbitrary String
- Attributes</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 1993. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2610564"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1713</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Romao</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Tools for <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Debugging</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">November 1994. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2610589"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1794</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">T.</span> <span class="surname">Brisco</span>. </span><span class="title"><i><acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Support for Load
- Balancing</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">April 1995. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2610615"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2240</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">O.</span> <span class="surname">Vaughan</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A Legal Basis for Domain Name Allocation</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">November 1997. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2610638"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2345</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Klensin</span>, <span class="firstname">T.</span> <span class="surname">Wolf</span>, and <span class="firstname">G.</span> <span class="surname">Oglesby</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Names and Company Name Retrieval</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 1998. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2610684"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2352</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">O.</span> <span class="surname">Vaughan</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A Convention For Using Legal Names as Domain Names</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 1998. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2610708"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3071</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Klensin</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Reflections on the DNS, RFC 1591, and Categories of Domains</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">February 2001. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2610734"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3258</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">T.</span> <span class="surname">Hardie</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Distributing Authoritative Name Servers via
- Shared Unicast Addresses</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">April 2002. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2610760"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3901</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Durand</span> and <span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Ihren</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>DNS IPv6 Transport Operational Guidelines</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">September 2004. </span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="bibliodiv">
-<h3 class="title">Obsolete and Unimplemented Experimental RFC</h3>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2610804"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1712</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">C.</span> <span class="surname">Farrell</span>, <span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Schulze</span>, <span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Pleitner</span>, and <span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Baldoni</span>. </span><span class="title"><i><acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Encoding of Geographical
- Location</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">November 1994. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2610861"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2673</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Crawford</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Binary Labels in the Domain Name System</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">August 1999. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2610888"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2874</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Crawford</span> and <span class="firstname">C.</span> <span class="surname">Huitema</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>DNS Extensions to Support IPv6 Address Aggregation
- and Renumbering</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">July 2000. </span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="bibliodiv">
-<h3 class="title">Obsoleted DNS Security RFCs</h3>
-<div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
-<h3 class="title">Note</h3>
-<p>
- Most of these have been consolidated into RFC4033,
- RFC4034 and RFC4035 which collectively describe DNSSECbis.
- </p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2610936"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2065</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span> and <span class="firstname">C.</span> <span class="surname">Kaufman</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Name System Security Extensions</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">January 1997. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2610976"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2137</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Secure Domain Name System Dynamic Update</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">April 1997. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2611002"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2535</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Name System Security Extensions</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 1999. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2611032"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3008</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">B.</span> <span class="surname">Wellington</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Name System Security (DNSSEC)
- Signing Authority</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">November 2000. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2611058"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3090</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">E.</span> <span class="surname">Lewis</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>DNS Security Extension Clarification on Zone Status</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 2001. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2611084"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3445</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Massey</span> and <span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Rose</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Limiting the Scope of the KEY Resource Record (RR)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">December 2002. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2611121"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3655</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">B.</span> <span class="surname">Wellington</span> and <span class="firstname">O.</span> <span class="surname">Gudmundsson</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Redefinition of DNS Authenticated Data (AD) bit</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">November 2003. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2611157"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3658</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">O.</span> <span class="surname">Gudmundsson</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Delegation Signer (DS) Resource Record (RR)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">December 2003. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2611184"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3755</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Weiler</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Legacy Resolver Compatibility for Delegation Signer (DS)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 2004. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2611210"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3757</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">O.</span> <span class="surname">Kolkman</span>, <span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Schlyter</span>, and <span class="firstname">E.</span> <span class="surname">Lewis</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Name System KEY (DNSKEY) Resource Record
- (RR) Secure Entry Point (SEP) Flag</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">April 2004. </span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2611255"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3845</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Schlyter</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>DNS Security (DNSSEC) NextSECure (NSEC) RDATA Format</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">August 2004. </span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="sect2" lang="en">
-<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="internet_drafts"></a>Internet Drafts</h3></div></div></div>
-<p>
- Internet Drafts (IDs) are rough-draft working documents of
- the Internet Engineering Task Force. They are, in essence, RFCs
- in the preliminary stages of development. Implementors are
- cautioned not
- to regard IDs as archival, and they should not be quoted or cited
- in any formal documents unless accompanied by the disclaimer that
- they are "works in progress." IDs have a lifespan of six months
- after which they are deleted unless updated by their authors.
- </p>
-</div>
-<div class="sect2" lang="en">
-<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2611297"></a>Other Documents About <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym>
-</h3></div></div></div>
-<p></p>
-<div class="bibliography">
-<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
-<a name="id2611306"></a>Bibliography</h4></div></div></div>
-<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2611308"></a><p><span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">Paul</span> <span class="surname">Albitz</span> and <span class="firstname">Cricket</span> <span class="surname">Liu</span>. </span><span class="title"><i><acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> and <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym></i>. </span><span class="copyright">Copyright © 1998 Sebastopol, CA: O'Reilly and Associates. </span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="sect1" lang="en">
-<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
-<a name="bind9.library"></a>BIND 9 DNS Library Support</h2></div></div></div>
-<p>This version of BIND 9 "exports" its internal libraries so
- that they can be used by third-party applications more easily (we
- call them "export" libraries in this document). In addition to
- all major DNS-related APIs BIND 9 is currently using, the export
- libraries provide the following features:</p>
-<div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc">
-<li><p>The newly created "DNS client" module. This is a higher
- level API that provides an interface to name resolution,
- single DNS transaction with a particular server, and dynamic
- update. Regarding name resolution, it supports advanced
- features such as DNSSEC validation and caching. This module
- supports both synchronous and asynchronous mode.</p></li>
-<li><p>The new "IRS" (Information Retrieval System) library.
- It provides an interface to parse the traditional resolv.conf
- file and more advanced, DNS-specific configuration file for
- the rest of this package (see the description for the
- dns.conf file below).</p></li>
-<li><p>As part of the IRS library, newly implemented standard
- address-name mapping functions, getaddrinfo() and
- getnameinfo(), are provided. They use the DNSSEC-aware
- validating resolver backend, and could use other advanced
- features of the BIND 9 libraries such as caching. The
- getaddrinfo() function resolves both A and AAAA RRs
- concurrently (when the address family is unspecified).</p></li>
-<li><p>An experimental framework to support other event
- libraries than BIND 9's internal event task system.</p></li>
-</ul></div>
-<div class="sect2" lang="en">
-<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2614852"></a>Prerequisite</h3></div></div></div>
-<p>GNU make is required to build the export libraries (other
- part of BIND 9 can still be built with other types of make). In
- the reminder of this document, "make" means GNU make. Note that
- in some platforms you may need to invoke a different command name
- than "make" (e.g. "gmake") to indicate it's GNU make.</p>
-</div>
-<div class="sect2" lang="en">
-<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2614861"></a>Compilation</h3></div></div></div>
-<pre class="screen">
-$ <strong class="userinput"><code>./configure --enable-exportlib <em class="replaceable"><code>[other flags]</code></em></code></strong>
-$ <strong class="userinput"><code>make</code></strong>
-</pre>
-<p>
- This will create (in addition to usual BIND 9 programs) and a
- separate set of libraries under the lib/export directory. For
- example, <code class="filename">lib/export/dns/libdns.a</code> is the archive file of the
- export version of the BIND 9 DNS library. Sample application
- programs using the libraries will also be built under the
- lib/export/samples directory (see below).</p>
-</div>
-<div class="sect2" lang="en">
-<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2612155"></a>Installation</h3></div></div></div>
-<pre class="screen">
-$ <strong class="userinput"><code>cd lib/export</code></strong>
-$ <strong class="userinput"><code>make install</code></strong>
-</pre>
-<p>
- This will install library object files under the directory
- specified by the --with-export-libdir configure option (default:
- EPREFIX/lib/bind9), and header files under the directory
- specified by the --with-export-includedir configure option
- (default: PREFIX/include/bind9).
- Root privilege is normally required.
- "<span><strong class="command">make install</strong></span>" at the top directory will do the
- same.
- </p>
-<p>
- To see how to build your own
- application after the installation, see
- <code class="filename">lib/export/samples/Makefile-postinstall.in</code>.</p>
-</div>
-<div class="sect2" lang="en">
-<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2612186"></a>Known Defects/Restrictions</h3></div></div></div>
-<div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc">
-<li><p>Currently, win32 is not supported for the export
- library. (Normal BIND 9 application can be built as
- before).</p></li>
-<li>
-<p>The "fixed" RRset order is not (currently) supported in
- the export library. If you want to use "fixed" RRset order
- for, e.g. <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> while still building the
- export library even without the fixed order support, build
- them separately:
- </p>
-<pre class="screen">
-$ <strong class="userinput"><code>./configure --enable-fixed-rrset <em class="replaceable"><code>[other flags, but not --enable-exportlib]</code></em></code></strong>
-$ <strong class="userinput"><code>make</code></strong>
-$ <strong class="userinput"><code>./configure --enable-exportlib <em class="replaceable"><code>[other flags, but not --enable-fixed-rrset]</code></em></code></strong>
-$ <strong class="userinput"><code>cd lib/export</code></strong>
-$ <strong class="userinput"><code>make</code></strong>
-</pre>
-<p>
- </p>
-</li>
-<li><p>The client module and the IRS library currently do not
- support DNSSEC validation using DLV (the underlying modules
- can handle it, but there is no tunable interface to enable
- the feature).</p></li>
-<li><p>RFC 5011 is not supported in the validating stub
- resolver of the export library. In fact, it is not clear
- whether it should: trust anchors would be a system-wide
- configuration which would be managed by an administrator,
- while the stub resolver will be used by ordinary applications
- run by a normal user.</p></li>
-<li><p>Not all common <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>
- options are supported
- in the IRS library. The only available options in this
- version are "debug" and "ndots".</p></li>
-</ul></div>
-</div>
-<div class="sect2" lang="en">
-<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2613901"></a>The dns.conf File</h3></div></div></div>
-<p>The IRS library supports an "advanced" configuration file
- related to the DNS library for configuration parameters that
- would be beyond the capability of the
- <code class="filename">resolv.conf</code> file.
- Specifically, it is intended to provide DNSSEC related
- configuration parameters. By default the path to this
- configuration file is <code class="filename">/etc/dns.conf</code>.
- This module is very
- experimental and the configuration syntax or library interfaces
- may change in future versions. Currently, only the
- <span><strong class="command">trusted-keys</strong></span>
- statement is supported, whose syntax is the same as the same name
- of statement for <code class="filename">named.conf</code>. (See
- <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#trusted-keys" title="trusted-keys Statement Grammar">the section called “<span><strong class="command">trusted-keys</strong></span> Statement Grammar”</a> for details.)</p>
-</div>
-<div class="sect2" lang="en">
-<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2613928"></a>Sample Applications</h3></div></div></div>
-<p>Some sample application programs using this API are
- provided for reference. The following is a brief description of
- these applications.
- </p>
-<div class="sect3" lang="en">
-<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
-<a name="id2613937"></a>sample: a simple stub resolver utility</h4></div></div></div>
-<p>
- It sends a query of a given name (of a given optional RR type) to a
- specified recursive server, and prints the result as a list of
- RRs. It can also act as a validating stub resolver if a trust
- anchor is given via a set of command line options.</p>
-<p>
- Usage: sample [options] server_address hostname
- </p>
-<p>
- Options and Arguments:
- </p>
-<div class="variablelist"><dl>
-<dt><span class="term">
- -t RRtype
- </span></dt>
-<dd><p>
- specify the RR type of the query. The default is the A RR.
- </p></dd>
-<dt><span class="term">
- [-a algorithm] [-e] -k keyname -K keystring
- </span></dt>
-<dd>
-<p>
- specify a command-line DNS key to validate the answer. For
- example, to specify the following DNSKEY of example.com:
-</p>
-<div class="literallayout"><p><br>
- example.com. 3600 IN DNSKEY 257 3 5 xxx<br>
-</p></div>
-<p>
- specify the options as follows:
-</p>
-<pre class="screen">
-<strong class="userinput"><code>
- -e -k example.com -K "xxx"
-</code></strong>
-</pre>
-<p>
- -e means that this key is a zone's "key signing key" (as known
- as "secure Entry point").
- When -a is omitted rsasha1 will be used by default.
- </p>
-</dd>
-<dt><span class="term">
- -s domain:alt_server_address
- </span></dt>
-<dd><p>
- specify a separate recursive server address for the specific
- "domain". Example: -s example.com:2001:db8::1234
- </p></dd>
-<dt><span class="term">server_address</span></dt>
-<dd><p>
- an IP(v4/v6) address of the recursive server to which queries
- are sent.
- </p></dd>
-<dt><span class="term">hostname</span></dt>
-<dd><p>
- the domain name for the query
- </p></dd>
-</dl></div>
-</div>
-<div class="sect3" lang="en">
-<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
-<a name="id2614027"></a>sample-async: a simple stub resolver, working asynchronously</h4></div></div></div>
-<p>
- Similar to "sample", but accepts a list
- of (query) domain names as a separate file and resolves the names
- asynchronously.</p>
-<p>
- Usage: sample-async [-s server_address] [-t RR_type] input_file</p>
-<p>
- Options and Arguments:
- </p>
-<div class="variablelist"><dl>
-<dt><span class="term">
- -s server_address
- </span></dt>
-<dd>
- an IPv4 address of the recursive server to which queries are sent.
- (IPv6 addresses are not supported in this implementation)
- </dd>
-<dt><span class="term">
- -t RR_type
- </span></dt>
-<dd>
- specify the RR type of the queries. The default is the A
- RR.
- </dd>
-<dt><span class="term">
- input_file
- </span></dt>
-<dd>
- a list of domain names to be resolved. each line
- consists of a single domain name. Example:
- <div class="literallayout"><p><br>
- www.example.com<br>
- mx.example.net<br>
- ns.xxx.example<br>
-</p></div>
-</dd>
-</dl></div>
-</div>
-<div class="sect3" lang="en">
-<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
-<a name="id2614217"></a>sample-request: a simple DNS transaction client</h4></div></div></div>
-<p>
- It sends a query to a specified server, and
- prints the response with minimal processing. It doesn't act as a
- "stub resolver": it stops the processing once it gets any
- response from the server, whether it's a referral or an alias
- (CNAME or DNAME) that would require further queries to get the
- ultimate answer. In other words, this utility acts as a very
- simplified <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span>.
- </p>
-<p>
- Usage: sample-request [-t RRtype] server_address hostname
- </p>
-<p>
- Options and Arguments:
- </p>
-<div class="variablelist"><dl>
-<dt><span class="term">
- -t RRtype
- </span></dt>
-<dd><p>
- specify the RR type of
- the queries. The default is the A RR.
- </p></dd>
-<dt><span class="term">
- server_address
- </span></dt>
-<dd><p>
- an IP(v4/v6)
- address of the recursive server to which the query is sent.
- </p></dd>
-<dt><span class="term">
- hostname
- </span></dt>
-<dd><p>
- the domain name for the query
- </p></dd>
-</dl></div>
-</div>
-<div class="sect3" lang="en">
-<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
-<a name="id2614281"></a>sample-gai: getaddrinfo() and getnameinfo() test code</h4></div></div></div>
-<p>
- This is a test program
- to check getaddrinfo() and getnameinfo() behavior. It takes a
- host name as an argument, calls getaddrinfo() with the given host
- name, and calls getnameinfo() with the resulting IP addresses
- returned by getaddrinfo(). If the dns.conf file exists and
- defines a trust anchor, the underlying resolver will act as a
- validating resolver, and getaddrinfo()/getnameinfo() will fail
- with an EAI_INSECUREDATA error when DNSSEC validation fails.
- </p>
-<p>
- Usage: sample-gai hostname
- </p>
-</div>
-<div class="sect3" lang="en">
-<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
-<a name="id2614296"></a>sample-update: a simple dynamic update client program</h4></div></div></div>
-<p>
- It accepts a single update command as a
- command-line argument, sends an update request message to the
- authoritative server, and shows the response from the server. In
- other words, this is a simplified <span><strong class="command">nsupdate</strong></span>.
- </p>
-<p>
- Usage: sample-update [options] (add|delete) "update data"
- </p>
-<p>
- Options and Arguments:
- </p>
-<div class="variablelist"><dl>
-<dt><span class="term">
- -a auth_server
- </span></dt>
-<dd><p>
- An IP address of the authoritative server that has authority
- for the zone containing the update name. This should normally
- be the primary authoritative server that accepts dynamic
- updates. It can also be a secondary server that is configured
- to forward update requests to the primary server.
- </p></dd>
-<dt><span class="term">
- -k keyfile
- </span></dt>
-<dd><p>
- A TSIG key file to secure the update transaction. The keyfile
- format is the same as that for the nsupdate utility.
- </p></dd>
-<dt><span class="term">
- -p prerequisite
- </span></dt>
-<dd><p>
- A prerequisite for the update (only one prerequisite can be
- specified). The prerequisite format is the same as that is
- accepted by the nsupdate utility.
- </p></dd>
-<dt><span class="term">
- -r recursive_server
- </span></dt>
-<dd><p>
- An IP address of a recursive server that this utility will
- use. A recursive server may be necessary to identify the
- authoritative server address to which the update request is
- sent.
- </p></dd>
-<dt><span class="term">
- -z zonename
- </span></dt>
-<dd><p>
- The domain name of the zone that contains
- </p></dd>
-<dt><span class="term">
- (add|delete)
- </span></dt>
-<dd><p>
- Specify the type of update operation. Either "add" or "delete"
- must be specified.
- </p></dd>
-<dt><span class="term">
- "update data"
- </span></dt>
-<dd><p>
- Specify the data to be updated. A typical example of the data
- would look like "name TTL RRtype RDATA".
- </p></dd>
-</dl></div>
-<div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
-<h3 class="title">Note</h3>In practice, either -a or -r must be specified. Others can
- be optional; the underlying library routine tries to identify the
- appropriate server and the zone name for the update.</div>
-<p>
- Examples: assuming the primary authoritative server of the
- dynamic.example.com zone has an IPv6 address 2001:db8::1234,
- </p>
-<pre class="screen">
-$ <strong class="userinput"><code>sample-update -a sample-update -k Kxxx.+nnn+mmmm.key add "foo.dynamic.example.com 30 IN A 192.168.2.1"</code></strong></pre>
-<p>
- adds an A RR for foo.dynamic.example.com using the given key.
- </p>
-<pre class="screen">
-$ <strong class="userinput"><code>sample-update -a sample-update -k Kxxx.+nnn+mmmm.key delete "foo.dynamic.example.com 30 IN A"</code></strong></pre>
-<p>
- removes all A RRs for foo.dynamic.example.com using the given key.
- </p>
-<pre class="screen">
-$ <strong class="userinput"><code>sample-update -a sample-update -k Kxxx.+nnn+mmmm.key delete "foo.dynamic.example.com"</code></strong></pre>
-<p>
- removes all RRs for foo.dynamic.example.com using the given key.
- </p>
-</div>
-<div class="sect3" lang="en">
-<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
-<a name="id2614973"></a>nsprobe: domain/name server checker in terms of RFC 4074</h4></div></div></div>
-<p>
- It checks a set
- of domains to see the name servers of the domains behave
- correctly in terms of RFC 4074. This is included in the set of
- sample programs to show how the export library can be used in a
- DNS-related application.
- </p>
-<p>
- Usage: nsprobe [-d] [-v [-v...]] [-c cache_address] [input_file]
- </p>
-<p>
- Options
- </p>
-<div class="variablelist"><dl>
-<dt><span class="term">
- -d
- </span></dt>
-<dd><p>
- run in the "debug" mode. with this option nsprobe will dump
- every RRs it receives.
- </p></dd>
-<dt><span class="term">
- -v
- </span></dt>
-<dd><p>
- increase verbosity of other normal log messages. This can be
- specified multiple times
- </p></dd>
-<dt><span class="term">
- -c cache_address
- </span></dt>
-<dd><p>
- specify an IP address of a recursive (caching) name server.
- nsprobe uses this server to get the NS RRset of each domain and
- the A and/or AAAA RRsets for the name servers. The default
- value is 127.0.0.1.
- </p></dd>
-<dt><span class="term">
- input_file
- </span></dt>
-<dd><p>
- a file name containing a list of domain (zone) names to be
- probed. when omitted the standard input will be used. Each
- line of the input file specifies a single domain name such as
- "example.com". In general this domain name must be the apex
- name of some DNS zone (unlike normal "host names" such as
- "www.example.com"). nsprobe first identifies the NS RRsets for
- the given domain name, and sends A and AAAA queries to these
- servers for some "widely used" names under the zone;
- specifically, adding "www" and "ftp" to the zone name.
- </p></dd>
-</dl></div>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="sect2" lang="en">
-<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2615106"></a>Library References</h3></div></div></div>
-<p>As of this writing, there is no formal "manual" of the
- libraries, except this document, header files (some of them
- provide pretty detailed explanations), and sample application
- programs.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
</div>
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-<div><div><h1 class="title">
-<a name="Bv9ARM.ch10"></a>Manual pages</h1></div></div>
-<hr>
-</div>
+<div class="appendix" lang="en">
+<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title">
+<a name="Bv9ARM.ch10"></a>Appendix B. A Brief History of the <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> and <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym>
+</h2></div></div></div>
<div class="toc">
<p><b>Table of Contents</b></p>
-<dl>
-<dt>
-<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.dig.html">dig</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — DNS lookup utility</span>
-</dt>
-<dt>
-<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.host.html">host</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — DNS lookup utility</span>
-</dt>
-<dt>
-<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.delv.html">delv</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — DNS lookup and validation utility</span>
-</dt>
-<dt>
-<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.dnssec-checkds.html"><span class="application">dnssec-checkds</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — A DNSSEC delegation consistency checking tool.</span>
-</dt>
-<dt>
-<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.dnssec-coverage.html"><span class="application">dnssec-coverage</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — checks future DNSKEY coverage for a zone</span>
-</dt>
-<dt>
-<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.dnssec-dsfromkey.html"><span class="application">dnssec-dsfromkey</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — DNSSEC DS RR generation tool</span>
-</dt>
-<dt>
-<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.dnssec-importkey.html"><span class="application">dnssec-importkey</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — Import DNSKEY records from external systems so they can be managed.</span>
-</dt>
-<dt>
-<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.dnssec-keyfromlabel.html"><span class="application">dnssec-keyfromlabel</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — DNSSEC key generation tool</span>
-</dt>
-<dt>
-<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.dnssec-keygen.html"><span class="application">dnssec-keygen</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — DNSSEC key generation tool</span>
-</dt>
-<dt>
-<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.dnssec-revoke.html"><span class="application">dnssec-revoke</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — Set the REVOKED bit on a DNSSEC key</span>
-</dt>
-<dt>
-<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.dnssec-settime.html"><span class="application">dnssec-settime</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — Set the key timing metadata for a DNSSEC key</span>
-</dt>
-<dt>
-<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.dnssec-signzone.html"><span class="application">dnssec-signzone</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — DNSSEC zone signing tool</span>
-</dt>
-<dt>
-<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.dnssec-verify.html"><span class="application">dnssec-verify</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — DNSSEC zone verification tool</span>
-</dt>
-<dt>
-<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.named-checkconf.html"><span class="application">named-checkconf</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — named configuration file syntax checking tool</span>
-</dt>
-<dt>
-<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.named-checkzone.html"><span class="application">named-checkzone</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — zone file validity checking or converting tool</span>
-</dt>
-<dt>
-<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.named.html"><span class="application">named</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — Internet domain name server</span>
-</dt>
-<dt>
-<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.named-journalprint.html"><span class="application">named-journalprint</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — print zone journal in human-readable form</span>
-</dt>
-<dt>
-<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.named-rrchecker.html"><span class="application">named-rrchecker</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — A syntax checker for individual DNS resource records</span>
-</dt>
-<dt>
-<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.nsupdate.html"><span class="application">nsupdate</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — Dynamic DNS update utility</span>
-</dt>
-<dt>
-<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.rndc.html"><span class="application">rndc</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — name server control utility</span>
-</dt>
-<dt>
-<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.rndc.conf.html"><code class="filename">rndc.conf</code></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — rndc configuration file</span>
-</dt>
-<dt>
-<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.rndc-confgen.html"><span class="application">rndc-confgen</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — rndc key generation tool</span>
-</dt>
-<dt>
-<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.ddns-confgen.html"><span class="application">ddns-confgen</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — ddns key generation tool</span>
-</dt>
-<dt>
-<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.arpaname.html"><span class="application">arpaname</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — translate IP addresses to the corresponding ARPA names</span>
-</dt>
-<dt>
-<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.genrandom.html"><span class="application">genrandom</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — generate a file containing random data</span>
-</dt>
-<dt>
-<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.isc-hmac-fixup.html"><span class="application">isc-hmac-fixup</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — fixes HMAC keys generated by older versions of BIND</span>
-</dt>
-<dt>
-<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.nsec3hash.html"><span class="application">nsec3hash</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — generate NSEC3 hash</span>
-</dt>
-</dl>
+<dl><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch10.html#historical_dns_information"></a></span></dt></dl>
+</div>
+<div class="sect1" lang="en">
+<div class="titlepage"></div>
+<p>
+ Although the "official" beginning of the Domain Name
+ System occurred in 1984 with the publication of RFC 920, the
+ core of the new system was described in 1983 in RFCs 882 and
+ 883. From 1984 to 1987, the ARPAnet (the precursor to today's
+ Internet) became a testbed of experimentation for developing the
+ new naming/addressing scheme in a rapidly expanding,
+ operational network environment. New RFCs were written and
+ published in 1987 that modified the original documents to
+ incorporate improvements based on the working model. RFC 1034,
+ "Domain Names-Concepts and Facilities", and RFC 1035, "Domain
+ Names-Implementation and Specification" were published and
+ became the standards upon which all <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> implementations are
+ built.
+ </p>
+<p>
+ The first working domain name server, called "Jeeves", was
+ written in 1983-84 by Paul Mockapetris for operation on DEC
+ Tops-20
+ machines located at the University of Southern California's
+ Information
+ Sciences Institute (USC-ISI) and SRI International's Network
+ Information
+ Center (SRI-NIC). A <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> server for
+ Unix machines, the Berkeley Internet
+ Name Domain (<acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym>) package, was
+ written soon after by a group of
+ graduate students at the University of California at Berkeley
+ under
+ a grant from the US Defense Advanced Research Projects
+ Administration
+ (DARPA).
+ </p>
+<p>
+ Versions of <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> through
+ 4.8.3 were maintained by the Computer
+ Systems Research Group (CSRG) at UC Berkeley. Douglas Terry, Mark
+ Painter, David Riggle and Songnian Zhou made up the initial <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym>
+ project team. After that, additional work on the software package
+ was done by Ralph Campbell. Kevin Dunlap, a Digital Equipment
+ Corporation
+ employee on loan to the CSRG, worked on <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> for 2 years, from 1985
+ to 1987. Many other people also contributed to <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> development
+ during that time: Doug Kingston, Craig Partridge, Smoot
+ Carl-Mitchell,
+ Mike Muuss, Jim Bloom and Mike Schwartz. <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> maintenance was subsequently
+ handled by Mike Karels and Øivind Kure.
+ </p>
+<p>
+ <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> versions 4.9 and 4.9.1 were
+ released by Digital Equipment
+ Corporation (now Compaq Computer Corporation). Paul Vixie, then
+ a DEC employee, became <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym>'s
+ primary caretaker. He was assisted
+ by Phil Almquist, Robert Elz, Alan Barrett, Paul Albitz, Bryan
+ Beecher, Andrew
+ Partan, Andy Cherenson, Tom Limoncelli, Berthold Paffrath, Fuat
+ Baran, Anant Kumar, Art Harkin, Win Treese, Don Lewis, Christophe
+ Wolfhugel, and others.
+ </p>
+<p>
+ In 1994, <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> version 4.9.2 was sponsored by
+ Vixie Enterprises. Paul
+ Vixie became <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym>'s principal
+ architect/programmer.
+ </p>
+<p>
+ <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> versions from 4.9.3 onward
+ have been developed and maintained
+ by the Internet Systems Consortium and its predecessor,
+ the Internet Software Consortium, with support being provided
+ by ISC's sponsors.
+ </p>
+<p>
+ As co-architects/programmers, Bob Halley and
+ Paul Vixie released the first production-ready version of
+ <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> version 8 in May 1997.
+ </p>
+<p>
+ BIND version 9 was released in September 2000 and is a
+ major rewrite of nearly all aspects of the underlying
+ BIND architecture.
+ </p>
+<p>
+ BIND versions 4 and 8 are officially deprecated.
+ No additional development is done
+ on BIND version 4 or BIND version 8.
+ </p>
+<p>
+ <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> development work is made
+ possible today by the sponsorship
+ of several corporations, and by the tireless work efforts of
+ numerous individuals.
+ </p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="navfooter">
<td width="40%" align="left">
<a accesskey="p" href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html">Prev</a> </td>
<td width="20%" align="center"> </td>
-<td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="man.dig.html">Next</a>
+<td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Bv9ARM.ch11.html">Next</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
-<td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Appendix A. Appendices </td>
+<td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Appendix A. Release Notes </td>
<td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="Bv9ARM.html">Home</a></td>
-<td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> dig</td>
+<td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Appendix C. General <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Reference Information</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#dnssec.dynamic.zones">DNSSEC, Dynamic Zones, and Automatic Signing</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2612261">Converting from insecure to secure</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563624">Dynamic DNS update method</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563660">Fully automatic zone signing</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563832">Private-type records</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563869">DNSKEY rollovers</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563882">Dynamic DNS update method</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563915">Automatic key rollovers</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563942">NSEC3PARAM rollovers via UPDATE</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563952">Converting from NSEC to NSEC3</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2564029">Converting from NSEC3 to NSEC</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2564042">Converting from secure to insecure</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2564080">Periodic re-signing</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2564089">NSEC3 and OPTOUT</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2612270">Converting from insecure to secure</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563634">Dynamic DNS update method</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563670">Fully automatic zone signing</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563842">Private-type records</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563879">DNSKEY rollovers</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563892">Dynamic DNS update method</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563925">Automatic key rollovers</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563952">NSEC3PARAM rollovers via UPDATE</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2564029">Converting from NSEC to NSEC3</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2564039">Converting from NSEC3 to NSEC</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2564052">Converting from secure to insecure</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2564089">Periodic re-signing</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2573656">NSEC3 and OPTOUT</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#rfc5011.support">Dynamic Trust Anchor Management</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2573816">Validating Resolver</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2573838">Authoritative Server</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2573826">Validating Resolver</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2573848">Authoritative Server</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#pkcs11">PKCS#11 (Cryptoki) support</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2611549">Prerequisites</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2611559">Native PKCS#11</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2612528">OpenSSL-based PKCS#11</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2639364">PKCS#11 Tools</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2639537">Using the HSM</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2639891">Specifying the engine on the command line</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2639939">Running named with automatic zone re-signing</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2666992">Prerequisites</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2667001">Native PKCS#11</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2612469">OpenSSL-based PKCS#11</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2639305">PKCS#11 Tools</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2639478">Using the HSM</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2639832">Specifying the engine on the command line</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2639880">Running named with automatic zone re-signing</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#dlz-info">DLZ (Dynamically Loadable Zones)</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2640003">Configuring DLZ</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2611746">Sample DLZ Driver</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2639944">Configuring DLZ</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2611755">Sample DLZ Driver</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2571523">IPv6 Support in <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> 9</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch08.html#id2607693">Incrementing and Changing the Serial Number</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch08.html#id2607710">Where Can I Get Help?</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
-<dt><span class="appendix"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html">A. Appendices</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="appendix"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html">A. Release Notes</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
-<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2573795">Release Notes for BIND Version 9.11.0pre-alpha</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2573688">Release Notes for BIND Version 9.11.0pre-alpha</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#relnotes_intro">Introduction</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#relnotes_download">Download</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#end_of_life">End of Life</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#relnotes_thanks">Thank You</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
-<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2607845">Acknowledgments</a></span></dt>
-<dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#historical_dns_information">A Brief History of the <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> and <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym></a></span></dt></dl></dd>
-<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2608017">General <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Reference Information</a></span></dt>
-<dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#ipv6addresses">IPv6 addresses (AAAA)</a></span></dt></dl></dd>
-<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#bibliography">Bibliography (and Suggested Reading)</a></span></dt>
+</dl></dd>
+<dt><span class="appendix"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch10.html">B. A Brief History of the <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> and <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym></a></span></dt>
+<dd><dl><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch10.html#historical_dns_information"></a></span></dt></dl></dd>
+<dt><span class="appendix"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch11.html">C. General <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Reference Information</a></span></dt>
+<dd><dl>
+<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch11.html#ipv6addresses">IPv6 addresses (AAAA)</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch11.html#bibliography">Bibliography (and Suggested Reading)</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#rfcs">Request for Comments (RFCs)</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#internet_drafts">Internet Drafts</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch
09.html#id2611297">Other Documents About <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym></a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch11.html#rfcs">Request for Comments (RFCs)</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch11.html#internet_drafts">Internet Drafts</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch
11.html#id2611298">Other Documents About <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym></a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
-<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#bind9.library">BIND 9 DNS Library Support</a></span></dt>
+</dl></dd>
+<dt><span class="appendix"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch12.html">D. BIND 9 DNS Library Support</a></span></dt>
+<dd><dl>
+<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch12.html#bind9.library">BIND 9 DNS Library Support</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2614852">Prerequisite</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2614861">Compilation</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2612155">Installation</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2612186">Known Defects/Restrictions</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2613901">The dns.conf File</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2613928">Sample Applications</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2615106">Library References</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch12.html#id2614725">Prerequisite</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch12.html#id2614734">Compilation</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch12.html#id2612165">Installation</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch12.html#id2612196">Known Defects/Restrictions</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch12.html#id2613843">The dns.conf File</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch12.html#id2613869">Sample Applications</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch12.html#id2615047">Library References</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
</dl></dd>
-<dt><span class="reference"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch10.html">I. Manual pages</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="reference"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch13.html">I. Manual pages</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.dig.html">dig</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — DNS lookup utility</span>
<title>arpaname</title>
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<link rel="start" href="Bv9ARM.html" title="BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual">
-<link rel="up" href="Bv9ARM.ch10.html" title="Manual pages">
+<link rel="up" href="Bv9ARM.ch13.html" title="Manual pages">
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</head>
<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">arpaname</code> {<em class="replaceable"><code>ipaddress </code></em>...}</p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2623952"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<a name="id2624644"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p>
<span><strong class="command">arpaname</strong></span> translates IP addresses (IPv4 and
IPv6) to the corresponding IN-ADDR.ARPA or IP6.ARPA names.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2666633"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2625273"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p>
<em class="citetitle">BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</em>.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2666647"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
+<a name="id2625287"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
</p>
</div>
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<td width="40%" align="left">
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<title>ddns-confgen</title>
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<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">ddns-confgen</code> [<code class="option">-a <em class="replaceable"><code>algorithm</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-h</code>] [<code class="option">-k <em class="replaceable"><code>keyname</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-q</code>] [<code class="option">-r <em class="replaceable"><code>randomfile</code></em></code>] [ -s <em class="replaceable"><code>name</code></em> | -z <em class="replaceable"><code>zone</code></em> ]</p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2665456"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<a name="id2666830"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p>
<span><strong class="command">tsig-keygen</strong></span> and <span><strong class="command">ddns-confgen</strong></span>
are invocation methods for a utility that generates keys for use
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2666037"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
+<a name="id2669050"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
<dt><span class="term">-a <em class="replaceable"><code>algorithm</code></em></span></dt>
<dd><p>
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2666526"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2669267"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">nsupdate</span>(1)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named.conf</span>(5)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named</span>(8)</span>,
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2666565"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
+<a name="id2669305"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
</p>
</div>
<tr>
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<title>delv</title>
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<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">delv</code> [queryopt...] [query...]</p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2617200"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<a name="id2617619"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">delv</strong></span>
(Domain Entity Lookup & Validation) is a tool for sending
DNS queries and validating the results, using the the same internal
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2617682"></a><h2>SIMPLE USAGE</h2>
+<a name="id2617691"></a><h2>SIMPLE USAGE</h2>
<p>
A typical invocation of <span><strong class="command">delv</strong></span> looks like:
</p>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2617813"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
+<a name="id2617822"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
<dt><span class="term">-a <em class="replaceable"><code>anchor-file</code></em></span></dt>
<dd>
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2673180"></a><h2>QUERY OPTIONS</h2>
+<a name="id2673326"></a><h2>QUERY OPTIONS</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">delv</strong></span>
provides a number of query options which affect the way results are
displayed, and in some cases the way lookups are performed.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2673710"></a><h2>FILES</h2>
+<a name="id2673788"></a><h2>FILES</h2>
<p><code class="filename">/etc/bind.keys</code></p>
<p><code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code></p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2673730"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2673808"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dig</span>(1)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named</span>(8)</span>,
<em class="citetitle">RFC4034</em>,
<tr>
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<title>dig</title>
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<tr><th colspan="3" align="center">dig</th></tr>
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<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">dig</code> [global-queryopt...] [query...]</p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2615206"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<a name="id2615489"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span>
(domain information groper) is a flexible tool
for interrogating DNS name servers. It performs DNS lookups and
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2615308"></a><h2>SIMPLE USAGE</h2>
+<a name="id2615591"></a><h2>SIMPLE USAGE</h2>
<p>
A typical invocation of <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> looks like:
</p>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2615434"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
+<a name="id2615717"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
<p>
The <code class="option">-b</code> option sets the source IP address of the query
to <em class="parameter"><code>address</code></em>. This must be a valid
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2667126"></a><h2>QUERY OPTIONS</h2>
+<a name="id2667204"></a><h2>QUERY OPTIONS</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span>
provides a number of query options which affect
the way in which lookups are made and the results displayed. Some of
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2668618"></a><h2>MULTIPLE QUERIES</h2>
+<a name="id2668628"></a><h2>MULTIPLE QUERIES</h2>
<p>
The BIND 9 implementation of <span><strong class="command">dig </strong></span>
supports
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2668704"></a><h2>IDN SUPPORT</h2>
+<a name="id2668781"></a><h2>IDN SUPPORT</h2>
<p>
If <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> has been built with IDN (internationalized
domain name) support, it can accept and display non-ASCII domain names.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2668732"></a><h2>FILES</h2>
+<a name="id2668810"></a><h2>FILES</h2>
<p><code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>
</p>
<p><code class="filename">${HOME}/.digrc</code>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2668754"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2668832"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">host</span>(1)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named</span>(8)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dnssec-keygen</span>(8)</span>,
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2668791"></a><h2>BUGS</h2>
+<a name="id2668869"></a><h2>BUGS</h2>
<p>
There are probably too many query options.
</p>
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<title>dnssec-checkds</title>
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<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">dnssec-dsfromkey</code> [<code class="option">-l <em class="replaceable"><code>domain</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-f <em class="replaceable"><code>file</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-d <em class="replaceable"><code>dig path</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-D <em class="replaceable"><code>dsfromkey path</code></em></code>] {zone}</p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2618156"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<a name="id2618166"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">dnssec-checkds</strong></span>
verifies the correctness of Delegation Signer (DS) or DNSSEC
Lookaside Validation (DLV) resource records for keys in a specified
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2618170"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
+<a name="id2618180"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
<dt><span class="term">-f <em class="replaceable"><code>file</code></em></span></dt>
<dd><p>
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2618273"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2618282"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dnssec-dsfromkey</span>(8)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dnssec-keygen</span>(8)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dnssec-signzone</span>(8)</span>,
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2618307"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
+<a name="id2618316"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
</p>
</div>
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<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">dnssec-coverage</code> [<code class="option">-K <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-l <em class="replaceable"><code>length</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-f <em class="replaceable"><code>file</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-d <em class="replaceable"><code>DNSKEY TTL</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-m <em class="replaceable"><code>max TTL</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-r <em class="replaceable"><code>interval</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>compilezone path</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-k</code>] [<code class="option">-z</code>] [zone]</p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2619201"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<a name="id2619074"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">dnssec-coverage</strong></span>
verifies that the DNSSEC keys for a given zone or a set of zones
have timing metadata set properly to ensure no future lapses in DNSSEC
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2619227"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
+<a name="id2619100"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
<dt><span class="term">-K <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></span></dt>
<dd><p>
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2619673"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2619546"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p>
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dnssec-checkds</span>(8)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dnssec-dsfromkey</span>(8)</span>,
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2619717"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
+<a name="id2619590"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
</p>
</div>
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<title>dnssec-dsfromkey</title>
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<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">dnssec-dsfromkey</code> [<code class="option">-h</code>] [<code class="option">-V</code>]</p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2620245"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<a name="id2620050"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">dnssec-dsfromkey</strong></span>
outputs the Delegation Signer (DS) resource record (RR), as defined in
RFC 3658 and RFC 4509, for the given key(s).
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2620259"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
+<a name="id2620064"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
<dt><span class="term">-1</span></dt>
<dd><p>
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2620931"></a><h2>EXAMPLE</h2>
+<a name="id2620736"></a><h2>EXAMPLE</h2>
<p>
To build the SHA-256 DS RR from the
<strong class="userinput"><code>Kexample.com.+003+26160</code></strong>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2620967"></a><h2>FILES</h2>
+<a name="id2620772"></a><h2>FILES</h2>
<p>
The keyfile can be designed by the key identification
<code class="filename">Knnnn.+aaa+iiiii</code> or the full file name
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2621009"></a><h2>CAVEAT</h2>
+<a name="id2620813"></a><h2>CAVEAT</h2>
<p>
A keyfile error can give a "file not found" even if the file exists.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2621018"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2620823"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dnssec-keygen</span>(8)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dnssec-signzone</span>(8)</span>,
<em class="citetitle">BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</em>,
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2622150"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
+<a name="id2622091"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
</p>
</div>
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<title>dnssec-importkey</title>
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<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">dnssec-importkey</code> {<code class="option">-f <em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em></code>} [<code class="option">-K <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-L <em class="replaceable"><code>ttl</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-P <em class="replaceable"><code>date/offset</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-D <em class="replaceable"><code>date/offset</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-h</code>] [<code class="option">-v <em class="replaceable"><code>level</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-V</code>] [<code class="option">dnsname</code>]</p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2621358"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<a name="id2621027"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">dnssec-importkey</strong></span>
reads a public DNSKEY record and generates a pair of
.key/.private files. The DNSKEY record may be read from an
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2621386"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
+<a name="id2621054"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
<dt><span class="term">-f <em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em></span></dt>
<dd>
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2621797"></a><h2>TIMING OPTIONS</h2>
+<a name="id2621260"></a><h2>TIMING OPTIONS</h2>
<p>
Dates can be expressed in the format YYYYMMDD or YYYYMMDDHHMMSS.
If the argument begins with a '+' or '-', it is interpreted as
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2621844"></a><h2>FILES</h2>
+<a name="id2621785"></a><h2>FILES</h2>
<p>
A keyfile can be designed by the key identification
<code class="filename">Knnnn.+aaa+iiiii</code> or the full file name
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2621938"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2621811"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dnssec-keygen</span>(8)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dnssec-signzone</span>(8)</span>,
<em class="citetitle">BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</em>,
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2621971"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
+<a name="id2621844"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
</p>
</div>
<tr>
<td width="40%" align="left">
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<title>dnssec-keyfromlabel</title>
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<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">dnssec-keyfromlabel</code> {-l <em class="replaceable"><code>label</code></em>} [<code class="option">-3</code>] [<code class="option">-a <em class="replaceable"><code>algorithm</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-A <em class="replaceable"><code>date/offset</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-D <em class="replaceable"><code>date/offset</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-E <em class="replaceable"><code>engine</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-f <em class="replaceable"><code>flag</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-G</code>] [<code class="option">-I <em class="replaceable"><code>date/offset</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-i <em class="replaceable"><code>interval</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-k</code>] [<code class="option">-K <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-L <em class="replaceable"><code>ttl</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-n <em class="replaceable"><code>nametype</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-P <em class="replaceable"><code>date/offset</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-p <em class="replaceable"><code>protocol</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-R <em class="replaceable"><code>date/offset</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-S <em class="replaceable"><code>key</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>type</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-v <em class="replaceable"><code>level</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-V</code>] [<code class="option">-y</code>] {name}</p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2622917"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<a name="id2622790"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">dnssec-keyfromlabel</strong></span>
generates a key pair of files that referencing a key object stored
in a cryptographic hardware service module (HSM). The private key
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2622942"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
+<a name="id2622816"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
<dt><span class="term">-a <em class="replaceable"><code>algorithm</code></em></span></dt>
<dd>
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2675976"></a><h2>TIMING OPTIONS</h2>
+<a name="id2674006"></a><h2>TIMING OPTIONS</h2>
<p>
Dates can be expressed in the format YYYYMMDD or YYYYMMDDHHMMSS.
If the argument begins with a '+' or '-', it is interpreted as
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2676166"></a><h2>GENERATED KEY FILES</h2>
+<a name="id2674196"></a><h2>GENERATED KEY FILES</h2>
<p>
When <span><strong class="command">dnssec-keyfromlabel</strong></span> completes
successfully,
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2676328"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2674358"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dnssec-keygen</span>(8)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dnssec-signzone</span>(8)</span>,
<em class="citetitle">BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</em>,
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2676365"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
+<a name="id2674395"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
</p>
</div>
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<title>dnssec-keygen</title>
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<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">dnssec-keygen</code> [<code class="option">-a <em class="replaceable"><code>algorithm</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-b <em class="replaceable"><code>keysize</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-n <em class="replaceable"><code>nametype</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-3</code>] [<code class="option">-A <em class="replaceable"><code>date/offset</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-C</code>] [<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-D <em class="replaceable"><code>date/offset</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-E <em class="replaceable"><code>engine</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-f <em class="replaceable"><code>flag</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-G</code>] [<code class="option">-g <em class="replaceable"><code>generator</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-h</code>] [<code class="option">-I <em class="replaceable"><code>date/offset</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-i <em class="replaceable"><code>interval</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-K <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-L <em class="replaceable"><code>ttl</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-k</code>] [<code class="option">-P <em class="replaceable"><code>date/offset</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-p <em class="replaceable"><code>protocol</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-q</code>] [<code class="option">-R <em class="replaceable"><code>date/offset</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-r <em class="replaceable"><code>randomdev</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-S <em class="replaceable"><code>key</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-s <em class="replaceable"><code>strength</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>type</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-v <em class="replaceable"><code>level</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-V</code>] [<code class="option">-z</code>] {name}</p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2624779"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<a name="id2623697"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">dnssec-keygen</strong></span>
generates keys for DNSSEC (Secure DNS), as defined in RFC 2535
and RFC 4034. It can also generate keys for use with
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2624800"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
+<a name="id2623717"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
<dt><span class="term">-a <em class="replaceable"><code>algorithm</code></em></span></dt>
<dd>
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2676683"></a><h2>TIMING OPTIONS</h2>
+<a name="id2674713"></a><h2>TIMING OPTIONS</h2>
<p>
Dates can be expressed in the format YYYYMMDD or YYYYMMDDHHMMSS.
If the argument begins with a '+' or '-', it is interpreted as
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2677010"></a><h2>GENERATED KEYS</h2>
+<a name="id2675040"></a><h2>GENERATED KEYS</h2>
<p>
When <span><strong class="command">dnssec-keygen</strong></span> completes
successfully,
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2677117"></a><h2>EXAMPLE</h2>
+<a name="id2675147"></a><h2>EXAMPLE</h2>
<p>
To generate a 768-bit DSA key for the domain
<strong class="userinput"><code>example.com</code></strong>, the following command would be
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2677174"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2675204"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dnssec-signzone</span>(8)</span>,
<em class="citetitle">BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</em>,
<em class="citetitle">RFC 2539</em>,
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2677205"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
+<a name="id2675235"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
</p>
</div>
<tr>
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<title>dnssec-revoke</title>
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<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">dnssec-revoke</code> [<code class="option">-hr</code>] [<code class="option">-v <em class="replaceable"><code>level</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-V</code>] [<code class="option">-K <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-E <em class="replaceable"><code>engine</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-f</code>] [<code class="option">-R</code>] {keyfile}</p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2637660"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<a name="id2637738"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">dnssec-revoke</strong></span>
reads a DNSSEC key file, sets the REVOKED bit on the key as defined
in RFC 5011, and creates a new pair of key files containing the
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2637674"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
+<a name="id2637752"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
<dt><span class="term">-h</span></dt>
<dd><p>
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2637812"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2637890"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dnssec-keygen</span>(8)</span>,
<em class="citetitle">BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</em>,
<em class="citetitle">RFC 5011</em>.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2637836"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
+<a name="id2637914"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
</p>
</div>
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<title>dnssec-settime</title>
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<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">dnssec-settime</code> [<code class="option">-f</code>] [<code class="option">-K <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-L <em class="replaceable"><code>ttl</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-P <em class="replaceable"><code>date/offset</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-A <em class="replaceable"><code>date/offset</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-R <em class="replaceable"><code>date/offset</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-I <em class="replaceable"><code>date/offset</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-D <em class="replaceable"><code>date/offset</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-h</code>] [<code class="option">-V</code>] [<code class="option">-v <em class="replaceable"><code>level</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-E <em class="replaceable"><code>engine</code></em></code>] {keyfile}</p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2638971"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<a name="id2638913"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">dnssec-settime</strong></span>
reads a DNSSEC private key file and sets the key timing metadata
as specified by the <code class="option">-P</code>, <code class="option">-A</code>,
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2640190"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
+<a name="id2640268"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
<dt><span class="term">-f</span></dt>
<dd><p>
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2640329"></a><h2>TIMING OPTIONS</h2>
+<a name="id2640407"></a><h2>TIMING OPTIONS</h2>
<p>
Dates can be expressed in the format YYYYMMDD or YYYYMMDDHHMMSS.
If the argument begins with a '+' or '-', it is interpreted as
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2640468"></a><h2>PRINTING OPTIONS</h2>
+<a name="id2641706"></a><h2>PRINTING OPTIONS</h2>
<p>
<span><strong class="command">dnssec-settime</strong></span> can also be used to print the
timing metadata associated with a key.
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2640616"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2644517"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dnssec-keygen</span>(8)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dnssec-signzone</span>(8)</span>,
<em class="citetitle">BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</em>,
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2644813"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
+<a name="id2644550"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
</p>
</div>
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<title>dnssec-signzone</title>
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<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">dnssec-signzone</code> [<code class="option">-a</code>] [<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-d <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-D</code>] [<code class="option">-E <em class="replaceable"><code>engine</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-e <em class="replaceable"><code>end-time</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-f <em class="replaceable"><code>output-file</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-g</code>] [<code class="option">-h</code>] [<code class="option">-K <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-k <em class="replaceable"><code>key</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-L <em class="replaceable"><code>serial</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-l <em class="replaceable"><code>domain</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-M <em class="replaceable"><code>domain</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-i <em class="replaceable"><code>interval</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-I <em class="replaceable"><code>input-format</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-j <em class="replaceable"><code>jitter</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-N <em class="replaceable"><code>soa-serial-format</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-o <em class="replaceable"><code>origin</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-O <em class="replaceable"><code>output-format</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-P</code>] [<code class="option">-p</code>] [<code class="option">-Q</code>] [<code class="option">-R</code>] [<code class="option">-r <em class="replaceable"><code>randomdev</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-S</code>] [<code class="option">-s <em class="replaceable"><code>start-time</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-T <em class="replaceable"><code>ttl</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-t</code>] [<code class="option">-u</code>] [<code class="option">-v <em class="replaceable"><code>level</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-V</code>] [<code class="option">-X <em class="replaceable"><code>extended end-time</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-x</code>] [<code class="option">-z</code>] [<code class="option">-3 <em class="replaceable"><code>salt</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-H <em class="replaceable"><code>iterations</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-A</code>] {zonefile} [key...]</p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2644542"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<a name="id2644279"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">dnssec-signzone</strong></span>
signs a zone. It generates
NSEC and RRSIG records and produces a signed version of the
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2644562"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
+<a name="id2644298"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
<dt><span class="term">-a</span></dt>
<dd><p>
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2683653"></a><h2>EXAMPLE</h2>
+<a name="id2676699"></a><h2>EXAMPLE</h2>
<p>
The following command signs the <strong class="userinput"><code>example.com</code></strong>
zone with the DSA key generated by <span><strong class="command">dnssec-keygen</strong></span>
%</pre>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2683732"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2676778"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dnssec-keygen</span>(8)</span>,
<em class="citetitle">BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</em>,
<em class="citetitle">RFC 4033</em>, <em class="citetitle">RFC 4641</em>.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2683760"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
+<a name="id2676806"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
</p>
</div>
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<title>dnssec-verify</title>
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<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">dnssec-verify</code> [<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-E <em class="replaceable"><code>engine</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-I <em class="replaceable"><code>input-format</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-o <em class="replaceable"><code>origin</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-v <em class="replaceable"><code>level</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-V</code>] [<code class="option">-x</code>] [<code class="option">-z</code>] {zonefile}</p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2644907"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<a name="id2645326"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">dnssec-verify</strong></span>
verifies that a zone is fully signed for each algorithm found
in the DNSKEY RRset for the zone, and that the NSEC / NSEC3
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2644921"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
+<a name="id2645340"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
<dt><span class="term">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></span></dt>
<dd><p>
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2645309"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2645524"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p>
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dnssec-signzone</span>(8)</span>,
<em class="citetitle">BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</em>,
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2645335"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
+<a name="id2645549"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
</p>
</div>
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<title>genrandom</title>
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</head>
<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">genrandom</code> [<code class="option">-n <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em></code>] {<em class="replaceable"><code>size</code></em>} {<em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em>}</p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2624146"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<a name="id2624770"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p>
<span><strong class="command">genrandom</strong></span>
generates a file or a set of files containing a specified quantity
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2624161"></a><h2>ARGUMENTS</h2>
+<a name="id2669363"></a><h2>ARGUMENTS</h2>
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
<dt><span class="term">-n <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em></span></dt>
<dd><p>
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2669687"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2669424"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p>
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">rand</span>(3)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">arc4random</span>(3)</span>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2669714"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
+<a name="id2669518"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
</p>
</div>
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<title>host</title>
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<link rel="prev" href="man.dig.html" title="dig">
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<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">host</code> [<code class="option">-aCdlnrsTwv</code>] [<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-N <em class="replaceable"><code>ndots</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-R <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>type</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-W <em class="replaceable"><code>wait</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-m <em class="replaceable"><code>flag</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-4</code>] [<code class="option">-6</code>] [<code class="option">-v</code>] [<code class="option">-V</code>] {name} [server]</p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2615751"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<a name="id2616034"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">host</strong></span>
is a simple utility for performing DNS lookups.
It is normally used to convert names to IP addresses and vice versa.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2616929"></a><h2>IDN SUPPORT</h2>
+<a name="id2616938"></a><h2>IDN SUPPORT</h2>
<p>
If <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span> has been built with IDN (internationalized
domain name) support, it can accept and display non-ASCII domain names.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2616957"></a><h2>FILES</h2>
+<a name="id2616967"></a><h2>FILES</h2>
<p><code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2616971"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2616981"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dig</span>(1)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named</span>(8)</span>.
</p>
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<title>isc-hmac-fixup</title>
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<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">isc-hmac-fixup</code> {<em class="replaceable"><code>algorithm</code></em>} {<em class="replaceable"><code>secret</code></em>}</p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2624236"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<a name="id2669780"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p>
Versions of BIND 9 up to and including BIND 9.6 had a bug causing
HMAC-SHA* TSIG keys which were longer than the digest length of the
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2669798"></a><h2>SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS</h2>
+<a name="id2669808"></a><h2>SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS</h2>
<p>
Secrets that have been converted by <span><strong class="command">isc-hmac-fixup</strong></span>
are shortened, but as this is how the HMAC protocol works in
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2669814"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2669824"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p>
<em class="citetitle">BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</em>,
<em class="citetitle">RFC 2104</em>.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2669831"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
+<a name="id2669841"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
</p>
</div>
<tr>
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<title>named-checkconf</title>
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<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">named-checkconf</code> [<code class="option">-h</code>] [<code class="option">-v</code>] [<code class="option">-j</code>] [<code class="option">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></code>] {filename} [<code class="option">-p</code>] [<code class="option">-x</code>] [<code class="option">-z</code>]</p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2645571"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<a name="id2645922"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">named-checkconf</strong></span>
checks the syntax, but not the semantics, of a
<span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> configuration file. The file is parsed
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2645641"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
+<a name="id2645992"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
<dt><span class="term">-h</span></dt>
<dd><p>
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2645865"></a><h2>RETURN VALUES</h2>
+<a name="id2646148"></a><h2>RETURN VALUES</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">named-checkconf</strong></span>
returns an exit status of 1 if
errors were detected and 0 otherwise.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2645879"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2646162"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named</span>(8)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named-checkzone</span>(8)</span>,
<em class="citetitle">BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</em>.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2645909"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
+<a name="id2646192"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
</p>
</div>
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<title>named-checkzone</title>
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<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">named-compilezone</code> [<code class="option">-d</code>] [<code class="option">-j</code>] [<code class="option">-q</code>] [<code class="option">-v</code>] [<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-C <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-f <em class="replaceable"><code>format</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-F <em class="replaceable"><code>format</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-J <em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-i <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-k <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-m <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-n <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-l <em class="replaceable"><code>ttl</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-L <em class="replaceable"><code>serial</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-r <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-s <em class="replaceable"><code>style</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-T <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-w <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-D</code>] [<code class="option">-W <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] {<code class="option">-o <em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em></code>} {zonename} {filename}</p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2686102"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<a name="id2676896"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">named-checkzone</strong></span>
checks the syntax and integrity of a zone file. It performs the
same checks as <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> does when loading a
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2686152"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
+<a name="id2676946"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
<dt><span class="term">-d</span></dt>
<dd><p>
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2687190"></a><h2>RETURN VALUES</h2>
+<a name="id2677984"></a><h2>RETURN VALUES</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">named-checkzone</strong></span>
returns an exit status of 1 if
errors were detected and 0 otherwise.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2687204"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2677997"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named</span>(8)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named-checkconf</span>(8)</span>,
<em class="citetitle">RFC 1035</em>,
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2687237"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
+<a name="id2678030"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
</p>
</div>
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<title>named-journalprint</title>
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<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">named-journalprint</code> {<em class="replaceable"><code>journal</code></em>}</p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2648883"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<a name="id2621995"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p>
<span><strong class="command">named-journalprint</strong></span>
prints the contents of a zone journal file in a human-readable
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2648929"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2622041"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p>
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named</span>(8)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">nsupdate</span>(8)</span>,
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2648960"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
+<a name="id2652929"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
</p>
</div>
<tr>
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<title>named-rrchecker</title>
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<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">named-rrchecker</code> [<code class="option">-h</code>] [<code class="option">-o <em class="replaceable"><code>origin</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-p</code>] [<code class="option">-u</code>] [<code class="option">-C</code>] [<code class="option">-T</code>] [<code class="option">-P</code>]</p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2653323"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<a name="id2652992"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">named-rrchecker</strong></span>
read a individual DNS resource record from standard input and checks if it
is syntactically correct.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2653380"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2653048"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p>
<em class="citetitle">RFC 1034</em>,
<em class="citetitle">RFC 1035</em>,
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<title>named</title>
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<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">named</code> [<code class="option">-4</code>] [<code class="option">-6</code>] [<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>config-file</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-d <em class="replaceable"><code>debug-level</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-D <em class="replaceable"><code>string</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-E <em class="replaceable"><code>engine-name</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-f</code>] [<code class="option">-g</code>] [<code class="option">-L <em class="replaceable"><code>logfile</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-m <em class="replaceable"><code>flag</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-n <em class="replaceable"><code>#cpus</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-p <em class="replaceable"><code>port</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-s</code>] [<code class="option">-S <em class="replaceable"><code>#max-socks</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-U <em class="replaceable"><code>#listeners</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-u <em class="replaceable"><code>user</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-v</code>] [<code class="option">-V</code>] [<code class="option">-X <em class="replaceable"><code>lock-file</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-x <em class="replaceable"><code>cache-file</code></em></code>]</p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2647810"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<a name="id2648912"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">named</strong></span>
is a Domain Name System (DNS) server,
part of the BIND 9 distribution from ISC. For more
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2647841"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
+<a name="id2648942"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
<dt><span class="term">-4</span></dt>
<dd><p>
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2687622"></a><h2>SIGNALS</h2>
+<a name="id2678416"></a><h2>SIGNALS</h2>
<p>
In routine operation, signals should not be used to control
the nameserver; <span><strong class="command">rndc</strong></span> should be used
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2687672"></a><h2>CONFIGURATION</h2>
+<a name="id2678466"></a><h2>CONFIGURATION</h2>
<p>
The <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> configuration file is too complex
to describe in detail here. A complete description is provided
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2687721"></a><h2>FILES</h2>
+<a name="id2678515"></a><h2>FILES</h2>
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/etc/named.conf</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2687765"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2678558"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><em class="citetitle">RFC 1033</em>,
<em class="citetitle">RFC 1034</em>,
<em class="citetitle">RFC 1035</em>,
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2687904"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
+<a name="id2678697"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
</p>
</div>
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<title>nsec3hash</title>
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<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">nsec3hash</code> {<em class="replaceable"><code>salt</code></em>} {<em class="replaceable"><code>algorithm</code></em>} {<em class="replaceable"><code>iterations</code></em>} {<em class="replaceable"><code>domain</code></em>}</p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2669944"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<a name="id2625171"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p>
<span><strong class="command">nsec3hash</strong></span> generates an NSEC3 hash based on
a set of NSEC3 parameters. This can be used to check the validity
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2669959"></a><h2>ARGUMENTS</h2>
+<a name="id2625186"></a><h2>ARGUMENTS</h2>
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
<dt><span class="term">salt</span></dt>
<dd><p>
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2670021"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2669962"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p>
<em class="citetitle">BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</em>,
<em class="citetitle">RFC 5155</em>.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2670038"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
+<a name="id2669979"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
</p>
</div>
<tr>
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<title>nsupdate</title>
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<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">nsupdate</code> [<code class="option">-d</code>] [<code class="option">-D</code>] [[<code class="option">-g</code>] | [<code class="option">-o</code>] | [<code class="option">-l</code>] | [<code class="option">-y <em class="replaceable"><code>[<span class="optional">hmac:</span>]keyname:secret</code></em></code>] | [<code class="option">-k <em class="replaceable"><code>keyfile</code></em></code>]] [<code class="option">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>timeout</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-u <em class="replaceable"><code>udptimeout</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-r <em class="replaceable"><code>udpretries</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-R <em class="replaceable"><code>randomdev</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-v</code>] [<code class="option">-T</code>] [<code class="option">-P</code>] [<code class="option">-V</code>] [filename]</p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2654654"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<a name="id2654664"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">nsupdate</strong></span>
is used to submit Dynamic DNS Update requests as defined in RFC 2136
to a name server.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2688123"></a><h2>INPUT FORMAT</h2>
+<a name="id2678917"></a><h2>INPUT FORMAT</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">nsupdate</strong></span>
reads input from
<em class="parameter"><code>filename</code></em>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2689271"></a><h2>EXAMPLES</h2>
+<a name="id2680065"></a><h2>EXAMPLES</h2>
<p>
The examples below show how
<span><strong class="command">nsupdate</strong></span>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2689321"></a><h2>FILES</h2>
+<a name="id2680115"></a><h2>FILES</h2>
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="constant">/etc/resolv.conf</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2689473"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2680266"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p>
<em class="citetitle">RFC 2136</em>,
<em class="citetitle">RFC 3007</em>,
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2689530"></a><h2>BUGS</h2>
+<a name="id2680324"></a><h2>BUGS</h2>
<p>
The TSIG key is redundantly stored in two separate files.
This is a consequence of nsupdate using the DST library
<tr>
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<title>rndc-confgen</title>
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<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">rndc-confgen</code> [<code class="option">-a</code>] [<code class="option">-A <em class="replaceable"><code>algorithm</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-b <em class="replaceable"><code>keysize</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>keyfile</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-h</code>] [<code class="option">-k <em class="replaceable"><code>keyname</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-p <em class="replaceable"><code>port</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-r <em class="replaceable"><code>randomfile</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-s <em class="replaceable"><code>address</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>chrootdir</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-u <em class="replaceable"><code>user</code></em></code>]</p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2663933"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<a name="id2664284"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">rndc-confgen</strong></span>
generates configuration files
for <span><strong class="command">rndc</strong></span>. It can be used as a
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2664000"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
+<a name="id2664350"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
<dt><span class="term">-a</span></dt>
<dd>
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2664949"></a><h2>EXAMPLES</h2>
+<a name="id2665232"></a><h2>EXAMPLES</h2>
<p>
To allow <span><strong class="command">rndc</strong></span> to be used with
no manual configuration, run
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2669443"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2669657"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">rndc</span>(8)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">rndc.conf</span>(5)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named</span>(8)</span>,
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2669481"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
+<a name="id2669696"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
</p>
</div>
<tr>
<td width="40%" align="left">
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<title>rndc.conf</title>
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<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">rndc.conf</code> </p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2622642"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<a name="id2623880"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p><code class="filename">rndc.conf</code> is the configuration file
for <span><strong class="command">rndc</strong></span>, the BIND 9 name server control
utility. This file has a similar structure and syntax to
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2661521"></a><h2>EXAMPLE</h2>
+<a name="id2661394"></a><h2>EXAMPLE</h2>
<pre class="programlisting">
options {
default-server localhost;
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2662666"></a><h2>NAME SERVER CONFIGURATION</h2>
+<a name="id2663495"></a><h2>NAME SERVER CONFIGURATION</h2>
<p>
The name server must be configured to accept rndc connections and
to recognize the key specified in the <code class="filename">rndc.conf</code>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2662692"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2663521"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">rndc</span>(8)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">rndc-confgen</span>(8)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">mmencode</span>(1)</span>,
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2662730"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
+<a name="id2663559"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
</p>
</div>
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<title>rndc</title>
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<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">rndc</code> [<code class="option">-b <em class="replaceable"><code>source-address</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>config-file</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-k <em class="replaceable"><code>key-file</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-s <em class="replaceable"><code>server</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-p <em class="replaceable"><code>port</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-q</code>] [<code class="option">-V</code>] [<code class="option">-y <em class="replaceable"><code>key_id</code></em></code>] {command}</p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2660779"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<a name="id2660106"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">rndc</strong></span>
controls the operation of a name
server. It supersedes the <span><strong class="command">ndc</strong></span> utility
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2660829"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
+<a name="id2660156"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
<dt><span class="term">-b <em class="replaceable"><code>source-address</code></em></span></dt>
<dd><p>
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2661802"></a><h2>COMMANDS</h2>
+<a name="id2661675"></a><h2>COMMANDS</h2>
<p>
A list of commands supported by <span><strong class="command">rndc</strong></span> can
be seen by running <span><strong class="command">rndc</strong></span> without arguments.
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2690940"></a><h2>LIMITATIONS</h2>
+<a name="id2686376"></a><h2>LIMITATIONS</h2>
<p>
There is currently no way to provide the shared secret for a
<code class="option">key_id</code> without using the configuration file.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2690958"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2686394"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">rndc.conf</span>(5)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">rndc-confgen</span>(8)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named</span>(8)</span>,
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2691014"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
+<a name="id2686450"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
</p>
</div>
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-<dt><span class="preface"><a href="#id2542024"> </a></span></dt>
-<dd><dl>
-<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="#id2542008">Release Notes for BIND Version 9.11.0pre-alpha</a></span></dt>
-<dd><dl>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="#relnotes_intro">Introduction</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="#relnotes_download">Download</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="#relnotes_security">Security Fixes</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="#relnotes_features">New Features</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="#relnotes_changes">Feature Changes</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="#relnotes_bugs">Bug Fixes</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="#end_of_life">End of Life</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="#relnotes_thanks">Thank You</a></span></dt>
-</dl></dd>
-</dl></dd>
-</dl></div>
-<div class="preface" lang="en">
-<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title">
-<a name="id2542024"></a> </h2></div></div></div>
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+<body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="article" lang="en"><div class="sect1" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
-<a name="id2542008"></a>Release Notes for BIND Version 9.11.0pre-alpha</h2></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2542126"></a>Release Notes for BIND Version 9.11.0pre-alpha</h2></div></div></div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="relnotes_intro"></a>Introduction</h3></div></div></div>
<a href="http://www.isc.org/donate/" target="_top">http://www.isc.org/donate/</a>.
</p>
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projects / thirdparty / bind9.git / commitdiff
