.\" OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
.\" PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
.\"
-.\" $Id: named-checkconf.8,v 1.16.18.11 2007/01/30 00:23:44 marka Exp $
+.\" $Id: named-checkconf.8,v 1.16.18.12 2007/05/09 03:33:12 marka Exp $
.\"
.hy 0
.ad l
.PP
\-t \fIdirectory\fR
.RS 4
-chroot to
+Chroot to
\fIdirectory\fR
so that include directives in the configuration file are processed as if run by a similarly chrooted named.
.RE
.PP
\-z
.RS 4
-Perform a check load the master zonefiles found in
+Perform a test load of all master zones found in
\fInamed.conf\fR.
.RE
.PP
- OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
- PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
-->
-<!-- $Id: named-checkconf.html,v 1.9.18.18 2007/01/30 00:23:44 marka Exp $ -->
+<!-- $Id: named-checkconf.html,v 1.9.18.19 2007/05/09 03:33:12 marka Exp $ -->
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
<dt><span class="term">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></span></dt>
<dd><p>
- chroot to <code class="filename">directory</code> so that
+ Chroot to <code class="filename">directory</code> so that
include
directives in the configuration file are processed as if
run by a similarly chrooted named.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">-z</span></dt>
<dd><p>
- Perform a check load the master zonefiles found in
- <code class="filename">named.conf</code>.
+ Perform a test load of all master zones found in
+ <code class="filename">named.conf</code>.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">-j</span></dt>
<dd><p>
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2543488"></a><h2>RETURN VALUES</h2>
+<a name="id2543489"></a><h2>RETURN VALUES</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">named-checkconf</strong></span>
returns an exit status of 1 if
errors were detected and 0 otherwise.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2543499"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2543500"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named</span>(8)</span>,
<em class="citetitle">BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</em>.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2543521"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
+<a name="id2543522"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
</p>
</div>
.\" OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
.\" PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
.\"
-.\" $Id: named-checkzone.8,v 1.18.18.20 2007/01/30 00:23:44 marka Exp $
+.\" $Id: named-checkzone.8,v 1.18.18.21 2007/05/09 03:33:12 marka Exp $
.\"
.hy 0
.ad l
.PP
\-i \fImode\fR
.RS 4
-Perform post load zone integrity checks. Possible modes are
+Perform post\-load zone integrity checks. Possible modes are
\fB"full"\fR
(default),
\fB"full\-sibling"\fR,
.sp
Mode
\fB"full"\fR
-checks that delegation NS records refer to A or AAAA record (both in\-zone and out\-of\-zone hostnames). It also checks that glue addresses records in the zone match those advertised by the child. Mode
+checks that delegation NS records refer to A or AAAA record (both in\-zone and out\-of\-zone hostnames). It also checks that glue address records in the zone match those advertised by the child. Mode
\fB"local"\fR
only checks NS records which refer to in\-zone hostnames or that some required glue exists, that is when the nameserver is in a child zone.
.sp
.PP
\-t \fIdirectory\fR
.RS 4
-chroot to
+Chroot to
\fIdirectory\fR
so that include directives in the configuration file are processed as if run by a similarly chrooted named.
.RE
- OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
- PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
-->
-<!-- $Id: named-checkzone.html,v 1.11.18.27 2007/01/30 00:23:44 marka Exp $ -->
+<!-- $Id: named-checkzone.html,v 1.11.18.28 2007/05/09 03:33:12 marka Exp $ -->
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<dt><span class="term">-i <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
- Perform post load zone integrity checks. Possible modes are
+ Perform post-load zone integrity checks. Possible modes are
<span><strong class="command">"full"</strong></span> (default),
<span><strong class="command">"full-sibling"</strong></span>,
<span><strong class="command">"local"</strong></span>,
<p>
Mode <span><strong class="command">"full"</strong></span> checks that delegation NS
records refer to A or AAAA record (both in-zone and out-of-zone
- hostnames). It also checks that glue addresses records
+ hostnames). It also checks that glue address records
in the zone match those advertised by the child.
Mode <span><strong class="command">"local"</strong></span> only checks NS records which
refer to in-zone hostnames or that some required glue exists,
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></span></dt>
<dd><p>
- chroot to <code class="filename">directory</code> so that
+ Chroot to <code class="filename">directory</code> so that
include
directives in the configuration file are processed as if
run by a similarly chrooted named.
.\" OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
.\" PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
.\"
-.\" $Id: dig.1,v 1.23.18.19 2007/01/30 00:23:44 marka Exp $
+.\" $Id: dig.1,v 1.23.18.20 2007/05/09 03:33:12 marka Exp $
.\"
.hy 0
.ad l
\fBdig\fR
is normally used with command\-line arguments, it also has a batch mode of operation for reading lookup requests from a file. A brief summary of its command\-line arguments and options is printed when the
\fB\-h\fR
-option is given. Unlike earlier versions, the BIND9 implementation of
+option is given. Unlike earlier versions, the BIND 9 implementation of
\fBdig\fR
allows multiple lookups to be issued from the command line.
.PP
option makes
\fBdig \fR
operate in batch mode by reading a list of lookup requests to process from the file
-\fIfilename\fR. The file contains a number of queries, one per line. Each entry in the file should be organised in the same way they would be presented as queries to
+\fIfilename\fR. The file contains a number of queries, one per line. Each entry in the file should be organized in the same way they would be presented as queries to
\fBdig\fR
using the command\-line interface.
.PP
The
\fB\-t\fR
option sets the query type to
-\fItype\fR. It can be any valid query type which is supported in BIND9. The default query type "A", unless the
+\fItype\fR. It can be any valid query type which is supported in BIND 9. The default query type "A", unless the
\fB\-x\fR
option is supplied to indicate a reverse lookup. A zone transfer can be requested by specifying a type of AXFR. When an incremental zone transfer (IXFR) is required,
\fItype\fR
The
\fB\-q\fR
option sets the query name to
-\fIname\fR. This useful do distingish the
+\fIname\fR. This useful do distinguish the
\fIname\fR
from other arguments.
.PP
-Reverse lookups \- mapping addresses to names \- are simplified by the
+Reverse lookups \(em mapping addresses to names \(em are simplified by the
\fB\-x\fR
option.
\fIaddr\fR
.PP
\fB+[no]tcp\fR
.RS 4
-Use [do not use] TCP when querying name servers. The default behaviour is to use UDP unless an AXFR or IXFR query is requested, in which case a TCP connection is used.
+Use [do not use] TCP when querying name servers. The default behavior is to use UDP unless an AXFR or IXFR query is requested, in which case a TCP connection is used.
.RE
.PP
\fB+[no]vc\fR
.PP
\fB+[no]stats\fR
.RS 4
-This query option toggles the printing of statistics: when the query was made, the size of the reply and so on. The default behaviour is to print the query statistics.
+This query option toggles the printing of statistics: when the query was made, the size of the reply and so on. The default behavior is to print the query statistics.
.RE
.PP
\fB+[no]qr\fR
.RS 4
Sets the timeout for a query to
\fIT\fR
-seconds. The default time out is 5 seconds. An attempt to set
+seconds. The default timeout is 5 seconds. An attempt to set
\fIT\fR
to less than 1 will result in a query timeout of 1 second being applied.
.RE
.PP
\fB+[no]fail\fR
.RS 4
-Do not try the next server if you receive a SERVFAIL. The default is to not try the next server which is the reverse of normal stub resolver behaviour.
+Do not try the next server if you receive a SERVFAIL. The default is to not try the next server which is the reverse of normal stub resolver behavior.
.RE
.PP
\fB+[no]besteffort\fR
.PP
\fB+[no]topdown\fR
.RS 4
-When chasing DNSSEC signature chains perform a top down validation. Requires dig be compiled with \-DDIG_SIGCHASE.
+When chasing DNSSEC signature chains perform a top\-down validation. Requires dig be compiled with \-DDIG_SIGCHASE.
.RE
.SH "MULTIPLE QUERIES"
.PP
- OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
- PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
-->
-<!-- $Id: dig.html,v 1.13.18.25 2007/01/30 00:23:44 marka Exp $ -->
+<!-- $Id: dig.html,v 1.13.18.26 2007/05/09 03:33:12 marka Exp $ -->
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
arguments, it also has a batch mode of operation for reading lookup
requests from a file. A brief summary of its command-line arguments
and options is printed when the <code class="option">-h</code> option is given.
- Unlike earlier versions, the BIND9 implementation of
+ Unlike earlier versions, the BIND 9 implementation of
<span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> allows multiple lookups to be issued
from the
command line.
in batch mode by reading a list of lookup requests to process from the
file <em class="parameter"><code>filename</code></em>. The file contains a
number of
- queries, one per line. Each entry in the file should be organised in
+ queries, one per line. Each entry in the file should be organized in
the same way they would be presented as queries to
<span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> using the command-line interface.
</p>
The <code class="option">-t</code> option sets the query type to
<em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em>. It can be any valid query type
which is
- supported in BIND9. The default query type "A", unless the
+ supported in BIND 9. The default query type "A", unless the
<code class="option">-x</code> option is supplied to indicate a reverse lookup.
A zone transfer can be requested by specifying a type of AXFR. When
an incremental zone transfer (IXFR) is required,
</p>
<p>
The <code class="option">-q</code> option sets the query name to
- <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em>. This useful do distingish the
+ <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em>. This useful do distinguish the
<em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em> from other arguments.
</p>
<p>
- Reverse lookups - mapping addresses to names - are simplified by the
+ Reverse lookups — mapping addresses to names — are simplified by the
<code class="option">-x</code> option. <em class="parameter"><code>addr</code></em> is
an IPv4
address in dotted-decimal notation, or a colon-delimited IPv6 address.
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]tcp</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Use [do not use] TCP when querying name servers. The default
- behaviour is to use UDP unless an AXFR or IXFR query is
+ behavior is to use UDP unless an AXFR or IXFR query is
requested, in
which case a TCP connection is used.
</p></dd>
This query option toggles the printing of statistics: when the
query
was made, the size of the reply and so on. The default
- behaviour is
+ behavior is
to print the query statistics.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]qr</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Sets the timeout for a query to
- <em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> seconds. The default time
- out is 5 seconds.
+ <em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> seconds. The default
+ timeout is 5 seconds.
An attempt to set <em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> to less
than 1 will result
in a query timeout of 1 second being applied.
default is
to not try the next server which is the reverse of normal stub
resolver
- behaviour.
+ behavior.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]besteffort</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]topdown</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
- When chasing DNSSEC signature chains perform a top down
+ When chasing DNSSEC signature chains perform a top-down
validation.
Requires dig be compiled with -DDIG_SIGCHASE.
</p></dd>
.\" OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
.\" PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
.\"
-.\" $Id: host.1,v 1.14.18.13 2007/01/30 00:23:44 marka Exp $
+.\" $Id: host.1,v 1.14.18.14 2007/05/09 03:33:12 marka Exp $
.\"
.hy 0
.ad l
\fB\-r\fR
option enables
\fBhost\fR
-to mimic the behaviour of a name server by making non\-recursive queries and expecting to receive answers to those queries that are usually referrals to other name servers.
+to mimic the behavior of a name server by making non\-recursive queries and expecting to receive answers to those queries that are usually referrals to other name servers.
.PP
By default
\fBhost\fR
\fB\-t\fR
option is used to select the query type.
\fItype\fR
-can be any recognised query type: CNAME, NS, SOA, SIG, KEY, AXFR, etc. When no query type is specified,
+can be any recognized query type: CNAME, NS, SOA, SIG, KEY, AXFR, etc. When no query type is specified,
\fBhost\fR
automatically selects an appropriate query type. By default it looks for A records, but if the
\fB\-C\fR
option tells
\fBhost\fR
\fInot\fR
-to send the query to the next nameserver if any server responds with a SERVFAIL response, which is the reverse of normal stub resolver behaviour.
+to send the query to the next nameserver if any server responds with a SERVFAIL response, which is the reverse of normal stub resolver behavior.
.PP
The
\fB\-m\fR
- OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
- PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
-->
-<!-- $Id: host.html,v 1.7.18.19 2007/01/30 00:23:44 marka Exp $ -->
+<!-- $Id: host.html,v 1.7.18.20 2007/05/09 03:33:12 marka Exp $ -->
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
attempt to resolve <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em>. The
<code class="option">-r</code> option enables <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span>
to mimic
- the behaviour of a name server by making non-recursive queries and
+ the behavior of a name server by making non-recursive queries and
expecting to receive answers to those queries that are usually
referrals to other name servers.
</p>
</p>
<p>
The <code class="option">-t</code> option is used to select the query type.
- <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em> can be any recognised query
+ <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em> can be any recognized query
type: CNAME,
NS, SOA, SIG, KEY, AXFR, etc. When no query type is specified,
<span><strong class="command">host</strong></span> automatically selects an appropriate
The <code class="option">-s</code> option tells <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span>
<span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> to send the query to the next nameserver
if any server responds with a SERVFAIL response, which is the
- reverse of normal stub resolver behaviour.
+ reverse of normal stub resolver behavior.
</p>
<p>
The <code class="option">-m</code> can be used to set the memory usage debugging
.\" OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
.\" PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
.\"
-.\" $Id: nslookup.1,v 1.1.10.12 2007/01/30 00:23:44 marka Exp $
+.\" $Id: nslookup.1,v 1.1.10.13 2007/05/09 03:33:12 marka Exp $
.\"
.hy 0
.ad l
.PP
\fB \fR\fB\fI[no]\fR\fR\fBdebug\fR
.RS 4
-Turn debugging mode on. A lot more information is printed about the packet sent to the server and the resulting answer.
+Turn on or off the display of the full response packet and any intermediate response packets when searching.
.sp
(Default = nodebug; abbreviation =
[no]deb)
.PP
\fB \fR\fB\fI[no]\fR\fR\fBd2\fR
.RS 4
-Turn debugging mode on. A lot more information is printed about the packet sent to the server and the resulting answer.
+Turn debugging mode on or off. This displays more about about what nslookup is doing.
.sp
(Default = nod2)
.RE
- OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
- PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
-->
-<!-- $Id: nslookup.html,v 1.1.10.19 2007/01/30 00:23:44 marka Exp $ -->
+<!-- $Id: nslookup.html,v 1.1.10.20 2007/05/09 03:33:12 marka Exp $ -->
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<em class="replaceable"><code>[<span class="optional">no</span>]</code></em>debug</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
- Turn debugging mode on. A lot more information is
- printed about the packet sent to the server and the
- resulting answer.
+ Turn on or off the display of the full response packet and
+ any intermediate response packets when searching.
</p>
<p>
(Default = nodebug; abbreviation = [<span class="optional">no</span>]deb)
<em class="replaceable"><code>[<span class="optional">no</span>]</code></em>d2</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
- Turn debugging mode on. A lot more information is
- printed about the packet sent to the server and the
- resulting answer.
+ Turn debugging mode on or off. This displays more about
+ about what nslookup is doing.
</p>
<p>
(Default = nod2)
.\" OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
.\" PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
.\"
-.\" $Id: dnssec-keygen.8,v 1.23.18.13 2007/01/30 00:23:44 marka Exp $
+.\" $Id: dnssec-keygen.8,v 1.23.18.14 2007/05/09 03:33:12 marka Exp $
.\"
.hy 0
.ad l
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.PP
\fBdnssec\-keygen\fR
-generates keys for DNSSEC (Secure DNS), as defined in RFC 2535 and RFC <TBA\\>. It can also generate keys for use with TSIG (Transaction Signatures), as defined in RFC 2845.
+generates keys for DNSSEC (Secure DNS), as defined in RFC 2535 and RFC 4034. It can also generate keys for use with TSIG (Transaction Signatures), as defined in RFC 2845.
.SH "OPTIONS"
.PP
\-a \fIalgorithm\fR
is the key identifier (or footprint).
.PP
\fBdnssec\-keygen\fR
-creates two file, with names based on the printed string.
+creates two files, with names based on the printed string.
\fIKnnnn.+aaa+iiiii.key\fR
contains the public key, and
\fIKnnnn.+aaa+iiiii.private\fR
.PP
The
\fI.private\fR
-file contains algorithm specific fields. For obvious security reasons, this file does not have general read permission.
+file contains algorithm\-specific fields. For obvious security reasons, this file does not have general read permission.
.PP
Both
\fI.key\fR
and
\fI.private\fR
-files are generated for symmetric encryption algorithm such as HMAC\-MD5, even though the public and private key are equivalent.
+files are generated for symmetric encryption algorithms such as HMAC\-MD5, even though the public and private key are equivalent.
.SH "EXAMPLE"
.PP
To generate a 768\-bit DSA key for the domain
creates the files
\fIKexample.com.+003+26160.key\fR
and
-\fIKexample.com.+003+26160.private\fR
+\fIKexample.com.+003+26160.private\fR.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.PP
\fBdnssec\-signzone\fR(8),
- OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
- PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
-->
-<!-- $Id: dnssec-keygen.html,v 1.9.18.19 2007/01/30 00:23:44 marka Exp $ -->
+<!-- $Id: dnssec-keygen.html,v 1.9.18.20 2007/05/09 03:33:12 marka Exp $ -->
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<a name="id2543474"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">dnssec-keygen</strong></span>
generates keys for DNSSEC (Secure DNS), as defined in RFC 2535
- and RFC <TBA\>. It can also generate keys for use with
+ and RFC 4034. It can also generate keys for use with
TSIG (Transaction Signatures), as defined in RFC 2845.
</p>
</div>
</p></li>
</ul></div>
<p><span><strong class="command">dnssec-keygen</strong></span>
- creates two file, with names based
+ creates two files, with names based
on the printed string. <code class="filename">Knnnn.+aaa+iiiii.key</code>
contains the public key, and
<code class="filename">Knnnn.+aaa+iiiii.private</code> contains the
statement).
</p>
<p>
- The <code class="filename">.private</code> file contains algorithm
- specific
+ The <code class="filename">.private</code> file contains
+ algorithm-specific
fields. For obvious security reasons, this file does not have
general read permission.
</p>
<p>
Both <code class="filename">.key</code> and <code class="filename">.private</code>
- files are generated for symmetric encryption algorithm such as
+ files are generated for symmetric encryption algorithms such as
HMAC-MD5, even though the public and private key are equivalent.
</p>
</div>
In this example, <span><strong class="command">dnssec-keygen</strong></span> creates
the files <code class="filename">Kexample.com.+003+26160.key</code>
and
- <code class="filename">Kexample.com.+003+26160.private</code>
+ <code class="filename">Kexample.com.+003+26160.private</code>.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
.\" OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
.\" PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
.\"
-.\" $Id: dnssec-signzone.8,v 1.28.18.16 2007/01/30 00:23:44 marka Exp $
+.\" $Id: dnssec-signzone.8,v 1.28.18.17 2007/05/09 03:33:12 marka Exp $
.\"
.hy 0
.ad l
.RS 4
The name of the output file containing the signed zone. The default is to append
\fI.signed\fR
-to the input file.
+to the input filename.
.RE
.PP
\-h
.PP
\-i \fIinterval\fR
.RS 4
-When a previously signed zone is passed as input, records may be resigned. The
+When a previously\-signed zone is passed as input, records may be resigned. The
\fBinterval\fR
option specifies the cycle interval as an offset from the current time (in seconds). If a RRSIG record expires after the cycle interval, it is retained. Otherwise, it is considered to be expiring soon, and it will be replaced.
.sp
.PP
\-j \fIjitter\fR
.RS 4
-When signing a zone with a fixed signature lifetime, all RRSIG records issued at the time of signing expires simultaneously. If the zone is incrementally signed, i.e. a previously signed zone is passed as input to the signer, all expired signatures has to be regenerated at about the same time. The
+When signing a zone with a fixed signature lifetime, all RRSIG records issued at the time of signing expires simultaneously. If the zone is incrementally signed, i.e. a previously\-signed zone is passed as input to the signer, all expired signatures have to be regenerated at about the same time. The
\fBjitter\fR
option specifies a jitter window that will be used to randomize the signature expire time, thus spreading incremental signature regeneration over time.
.sp
.PP
key
.RS 4
-The keys used to sign the zone. If no keys are specified, the default all zone keys that have private key files in the current directory.
+Specify which keys should be used to sign the zone. If no keys are specified, then the zone will be examined for DNSKEY records at the zone apex. If these are found and there are matching private keys, in the current directory, then these will be used for signing.
.RE
.SH "EXAMPLE"
.PP
The following command signs the
\fBexample.com\fR
-zone with the DSA key generated in the
+zone with the DSA key generated by
\fBdnssec\-keygen\fR
-man page. The zone's keys must be in the zone. If there are
+(Kexample.com.+003+17247). The zone's keys must be in the master file (\fIdb.example.com\fR). This invocation looks for
\fIkeyset\fR
-files associated with child zones, they must be in the current directory.
-\fBexample.com\fR, the following command would be issued:
-.PP
-\fBdnssec\-signzone \-o example.com db.example.com Kexample.com.+003+26160\fR
-.PP
-The command would print a string of the form:
+files, in the current directory, so that DS records can be generated from them (\fB\-g\fR).
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.nf
+% dnssec\-signzone \-g \-o example.com db.example.com \\
+Kexample.com.+003+17247
+db.example.com.signed
+%
+.fi
+.RE
.PP
-In this example,
+In the above example,
\fBdnssec\-signzone\fR
creates the file
\fIdb.example.com.signed\fR. This file should be referenced in a zone statement in a
\fInamed.conf\fR
file.
+.PP
+This example re\-signs a previously signed zone with default parameters. The private keys are assumed to be in the current directory.
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.nf
+% cp db.example.com.signed db.example.com
+% dnssec\-signzone \-o example.com db.example.com
+db.example.com.signed
+%
+.fi
+.RE
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.PP
\fBdnssec\-keygen\fR(8),
- OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
- PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
-->
-<!-- $Id: dnssec-signzone.html,v 1.8.18.22 2007/01/30 00:23:44 marka Exp $ -->
+<!-- $Id: dnssec-signzone.html,v 1.8.18.23 2007/05/09 03:33:12 marka Exp $ -->
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
The name of the output file containing the signed zone. The
default is to append <code class="filename">.signed</code> to
the
- input file.
+ input filename.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">-h</span></dt>
<dd><p>
<dt><span class="term">-i <em class="replaceable"><code>interval</code></em></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
- When a previously signed zone is passed as input, records
+ When a previously-signed zone is passed as input, records
may be resigned. The <code class="option">interval</code> option
specifies the cycle interval as an offset from the current
time (in seconds). If a RRSIG record expires after the
When signing a zone with a fixed signature lifetime, all
RRSIG records issued at the time of signing expires
simultaneously. If the zone is incrementally signed, i.e.
- a previously signed zone is passed as input to the signer,
- all expired signatures has to be regenerated at about the
+ a previously-signed zone is passed as input to the signer,
+ all expired signatures have to be regenerated at about the
same time. The <code class="option">jitter</code> option specifies a
jitter window that will be used to randomize the signature
expire time, thus spreading incremental signature
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">key</span></dt>
<dd><p>
- The keys used to sign the zone. If no keys are specified, the
- default all zone keys that have private key files in the
- current directory.
+ Specify which keys should be used to sign the zone. If
+ no keys are specified, then the zone will be examined
+ for DNSKEY records at the zone apex. If these are found and
+ there are matching private keys, in the current directory,
+ then these will be used for signing.
</p></dd>
</dl></div>
</div>
<a name="id2544327"></a><h2>EXAMPLE</h2>
<p>
The following command signs the <strong class="userinput"><code>example.com</code></strong>
- zone with the DSA key generated in the <span><strong class="command">dnssec-keygen</strong></span>
- man page. The zone's keys must be in the zone. If there are
- <code class="filename">keyset</code> files associated with child
- zones,
- they must be in the current directory.
- <strong class="userinput"><code>example.com</code></strong>, the following command would be
- issued:
- </p>
-<p><strong class="userinput"><code>dnssec-signzone -o example.com db.example.com
- Kexample.com.+003+26160</code></strong>
- </p>
-<p>
- The command would print a string of the form:
+ zone with the DSA key generated by <span><strong class="command">dnssec-keygen</strong></span>
+ (Kexample.com.+003+17247). The zone's keys must be in the master
+ file (<code class="filename">db.example.com</code>). This invocation looks
+ for <code class="filename">keyset</code> files, in the current directory,
+ so that DS records can be generated from them (<span><strong class="command">-g</strong></span>).
</p>
+<pre class="programlisting">% dnssec-signzone -g -o example.com db.example.com \
+Kexample.com.+003+17247
+db.example.com.signed
+%</pre>
<p>
- In this example, <span><strong class="command">dnssec-signzone</strong></span> creates
+ In the above example, <span><strong class="command">dnssec-signzone</strong></span> creates
the file <code class="filename">db.example.com.signed</code>. This
- file
- should be referenced in a zone statement in a
+ file should be referenced in a zone statement in a
<code class="filename">named.conf</code> file.
</p>
+<p>
+ This example re-signs a previously signed zone with default parameters.
+ The private keys are assumed to be in the current directory.
+ </p>
+<pre class="programlisting">% cp db.example.com.signed db.example.com
+% dnssec-signzone -o example.com db.example.com
+db.example.com.signed
+%</pre>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2544375"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2544378"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dnssec-keygen</span>(8)</span>,
<em class="citetitle">BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</em>,
<em class="citetitle">RFC 2535</em>.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2544400"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
+<a name="id2544403"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
</p>
</div>
.\" OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
.\" PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
.\"
-.\" $Id: lwresd.8,v 1.15.18.10 2007/01/30 00:23:44 marka Exp $
+.\" $Id: lwresd.8,v 1.15.18.11 2007/05/09 03:33:12 marka Exp $
.\"
.hy 0
.ad l
.PP
\-t \fIdirectory\fR
.RS 4
-\fBchroot()\fR
-to
+Chroot to
\fIdirectory\fR
after processing the command line arguments, but before reading the configuration file.
.RS
This option should be used in conjunction with the
\fB\-u\fR
option, as chrooting a process running as root doesn't enhance security on most systems; the way
-\fBchroot()\fR
+\fBchroot(2)\fR
is defined allows a process with root privileges to escape a chroot jail.
.RE
.RE
.PP
\-u \fIuser\fR
.RS 4
-\fBsetuid()\fR
-to
+Setuid to
\fIuser\fR
after completing privileged operations, such as creating sockets that listen on privileged ports.
.RE
- OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
- PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
-->
-<!-- $Id: lwresd.html,v 1.5.18.16 2007/01/30 00:23:44 marka Exp $ -->
+<!-- $Id: lwresd.html,v 1.5.18.17 2007/05/09 03:33:12 marka Exp $ -->
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
</dd>
<dt><span class="term">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></span></dt>
<dd>
-<p><code class="function">chroot()</code>
+<p>Chroot
to <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em> after
processing the command line arguments, but before
reading the configuration file.
This option should be used in conjunction with the
<code class="option">-u</code> option, as chrooting a process
running as root doesn't enhance security on most
- systems; the way <code class="function">chroot()</code> is
+ systems; the way <code class="function">chroot(2)</code> is
defined allows a process with root privileges to
escape a chroot jail.
</p>
</div>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term">-u <em class="replaceable"><code>user</code></em></span></dt>
-<dd><p><code class="function">setuid()</code>
+<dd><p>Setuid
to <em class="replaceable"><code>user</code></em> after completing
privileged operations, such as creating sockets that
listen on privileged ports.
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2543746"></a><h2>FILES</h2>
+<a name="id2543741"></a><h2>FILES</h2>
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2543785"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2543781"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named</span>(8)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">lwres</span>(3)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">resolver</span>(5)</span>.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2543819"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
+<a name="id2543815"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
</p>
</div>
.\" OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
.\" PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
.\"
-.\" $Id: named.8,v 1.20.18.12 2007/01/30 00:23:44 marka Exp $
+.\" $Id: named.8,v 1.20.18.13 2007/05/09 03:33:12 marka Exp $
.\"
.hy 0
.ad l
.PP
\-t \fIdirectory\fR
.RS 4
-\fBchroot()\fR
-to
+Chroot to
\fIdirectory\fR
after processing the command line arguments, but before reading the configuration file.
.RS
This option should be used in conjunction with the
\fB\-u\fR
option, as chrooting a process running as root doesn't enhance security on most systems; the way
-\fBchroot()\fR
+\fBchroot(2)\fR
is defined allows a process with root privileges to escape a chroot jail.
.RE
.RE
.PP
\-u \fIuser\fR
.RS 4
-\fBsetuid()\fR
-to
+Setuid to
\fIuser\fR
after completing privileged operations, such as creating sockets that listen on privileged ports.
.RS
On Linux,
\fBnamed\fR
uses the kernel's capability mechanism to drop all root privileges except the ability to
-\fBbind()\fR
+\fBbind(2)\fR
to a privileged port and set process resource limits. Unfortunately, this means that the
\fB\-u\fR
option only works when
\fBnamed\fR
is run on kernel 2.2.18 or later, or kernel 2.3.99\-pre3 or later, since previous kernels did not allow privileges to be retained after
-\fBsetuid()\fR.
+\fBsetuid(2)\fR.
.RE
.RE
.PP
.\" OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
.\" PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
.\"
-.\" $Id: named.conf.5,v 1.1.2.23 2007/01/30 00:23:44 marka Exp $
+.\" $Id: named.conf.5,v 1.1.2.24 2007/05/09 03:33:12 marka Exp $
.\"
.hy 0
.ad l
.PP
\fBnamed\fR(8),
\fBrndc\fR(8),
-\fBBIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual\fR().
+BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual.
.SH "COPYRIGHT"
Copyright \(co 2004\-2007 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
.br
- OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
- PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
-->
-<!-- $Id: named.conf.html,v 1.1.2.32 2007/01/30 00:23:44 marka Exp $ -->
+<!-- $Id: named.conf.html,v 1.1.2.33 2007/05/09 03:33:12 marka Exp $ -->
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<a name="id2545328"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named</span>(8)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">rndc</span>(8)</span>,
- <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</span></span>.
+ <em class="citetitle">BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</em>.
</p>
</div>
</div></body>
- OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
- PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
-->
-<!-- $Id: named.html,v 1.6.18.18 2007/01/30 00:23:44 marka Exp $ -->
+<!-- $Id: named.html,v 1.6.18.19 2007/05/09 03:33:12 marka Exp $ -->
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
</dd>
<dt><span class="term">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></span></dt>
<dd>
-<p><code class="function">chroot()</code>
+<p>Chroot
to <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em> after
processing the command line arguments, but before
reading the configuration file.
This option should be used in conjunction with the
<code class="option">-u</code> option, as chrooting a process
running as root doesn't enhance security on most
- systems; the way <code class="function">chroot()</code> is
+ systems; the way <code class="function">chroot(2)</code> is
defined allows a process with root privileges to
escape a chroot jail.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term">-u <em class="replaceable"><code>user</code></em></span></dt>
<dd>
-<p><code class="function">setuid()</code>
+<p>Setuid
to <em class="replaceable"><code>user</code></em> after completing
privileged operations, such as creating sockets that
listen on privileged ports.
<p>
On Linux, <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> uses the kernel's
capability mechanism to drop all root privileges
- except the ability to <code class="function">bind()</code> to
+ except the ability to <code class="function">bind(2)</code> to
a
privileged port and set process resource limits.
Unfortunately, this means that the <code class="option">-u</code>
run
on kernel 2.2.18 or later, or kernel 2.3.99-pre3 or
later, since previous kernels did not allow privileges
- to be retained after <code class="function">setuid()</code>.
+ to be retained after <code class="function">setuid(2)</code>.
</p>
</div>
</dd>
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2543813"></a><h2>SIGNALS</h2>
+<a name="id2543809"></a><h2>SIGNALS</h2>
<p>
In routine operation, signals should not be used to control
the nameserver; <span><strong class="command">rndc</strong></span> should be used
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2543861"></a><h2>CONFIGURATION</h2>
+<a name="id2543857"></a><h2>CONFIGURATION</h2>
<p>
The <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> configuration file is too complex
to describe in detail here. A complete description is provided
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2543878"></a><h2>FILES</h2>
+<a name="id2543874"></a><h2>FILES</h2>
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/etc/named.conf</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2543917"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2543913"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><em class="citetitle">RFC 1033</em>,
<em class="citetitle">RFC 1034</em>,
<em class="citetitle">RFC 1035</em>,
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2543969"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
+<a name="id2543964"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
</p>
</div>
.\" OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
.\" PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
.\"
-.\" $Id: nsupdate.8,v 1.30.18.13 2007/01/30 00:23:44 marka Exp $
+.\" $Id: nsupdate.8,v 1.30.18.14 2007/05/09 03:33:13 marka Exp $
.\"
.hy 0
.ad l
.PP
Transaction signatures can be used to authenticate the Dynamic DNS updates. These use the TSIG resource record type described in RFC2845 or the SIG(0) record described in RFC3535 and RFC2931. TSIG relies on a shared secret that should only be known to
\fBnsupdate\fR
-and the name server. Currently, the only supported encryption algorithm for TSIG is HMAC\-MD5, which is defined in RFC 2104. Once other algorithms are defined for TSIG, applications will need to ensure they select the appropriate algorithm as well as the key when authenticating each other. For instance suitable
+and the name server. Currently, the only supported encryption algorithm for TSIG is HMAC\-MD5, which is defined in RFC 2104. Once other algorithms are defined for TSIG, applications will need to ensure they select the appropriate algorithm as well as the key when authenticating each other. For instance, suitable
\fBkey\fR
and
\fBserver\fR
.PP
The
\fB\-t\fR
-option sets the maximum time a update request can take before it is aborted. The default is 300 seconds. Zero can be used to disable the timeout.
+option sets the maximum time an update request can take before it is aborted. The default is 300 seconds. Zero can be used to disable the timeout.
.PP
The
\fB\-u\fR
-option sets the UDP retry interval. The default is 3 seconds. If zero the interval will be computed from the timeout interval and number of UDP retries.
+option sets the UDP retry interval. The default is 3 seconds. If zero, the interval will be computed from the timeout interval and number of UDP retries.
.PP
The
\fB\-r\fR
-option sets the number of UDP retries. The default is 3. If zero only one update request will be made.
+option sets the number of UDP retries. The default is 3. If zero, only one update request will be made.
.SH "INPUT FORMAT"
.PP
\fBnsupdate\fR
.RS 4
Specify the default class. If no
\fIclass\fR
-is specified the default class is
+is specified, the default class is
\fIIN\fR.
.RE
.PP
\fBkey\fR {name} {secret}
.RS 4
-Specifies that all updates are to be TSIG signed using the
+Specifies that all updates are to be TSIG\-signed using the
\fIkeyname\fR
\fIkeysecret\fR
pair. The
.PP
Any A records for
\fBoldhost.example.com\fR
-are deleted. and an A record for
+are deleted. And an A record for
\fBnewhost.example.com\fR
-it IP address 172.16.1.1 is added. The newly\-added record has a 1 day TTL (86400 seconds)
+with IP address 172.16.1.1 is added. The newly\-added record has a 1 day TTL (86400 seconds).
.sp
.RS 4
.nf
- OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
- PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
-->
-<!-- $Id: nsupdate.html,v 1.14.18.21 2007/01/30 00:23:44 marka Exp $ -->
+<!-- $Id: nsupdate.html,v 1.14.18.22 2007/05/09 03:33:13 marka Exp $ -->
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
Once other algorithms are defined for TSIG, applications will need to
ensure they select the appropriate algorithm as well as the key when
authenticating each other.
- For instance suitable
+ For instance, suitable
<span class="type">key</span>
and
<span class="type">server</span>
This may be preferable when a batch of update requests is made.
</p>
<p>
- The <code class="option">-t</code> option sets the maximum time a update request
+ The <code class="option">-t</code> option sets the maximum time an update request
can
take before it is aborted. The default is 300 seconds. Zero can be
used
<p>
The <code class="option">-u</code> option sets the UDP retry interval. The default
is
- 3 seconds. If zero the interval will be computed from the timeout
+ 3 seconds. If zero, the interval will be computed from the timeout
interval
and number of UDP retries.
</p>
<p>
The <code class="option">-r</code> option sets the number of UDP retries. The
default is
- 3. If zero only one update request will be made.
+ 3. If zero, only one update request will be made.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
</span></dt>
<dd><p>
Specify the default class.
- If no <em class="parameter"><code>class</code></em> is specified the
+ If no <em class="parameter"><code>class</code></em> is specified, the
default class is
<em class="parameter"><code>IN</code></em>.
</p></dd>
{secret}
</span></dt>
<dd><p>
- Specifies that all updates are to be TSIG signed using the
+ Specifies that all updates are to be TSIG-signed using the
<em class="parameter"><code>keyname</code></em> <em class="parameter"><code>keysecret</code></em> pair.
The <span><strong class="command">key</strong></span> command
overrides any key specified on the command line via
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2544649"></a><h2>EXAMPLES</h2>
+<a name="id2544648"></a><h2>EXAMPLES</h2>
<p>
The examples below show how
<span><strong class="command">nsupdate</strong></span>
Any A records for
<span class="type">oldhost.example.com</span>
are deleted.
- and an A record for
+ And an A record for
<span class="type">newhost.example.com</span>
- it IP address 172.16.1.1 is added.
- The newly-added record has a 1 day TTL (86400 seconds)
+ with IP address 172.16.1.1 is added.
+ The newly-added record has a 1 day TTL (86400 seconds).
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
# nsupdate
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2544693"></a><h2>FILES</h2>
+<a name="id2544692"></a><h2>FILES</h2>
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="constant">/etc/resolv.conf</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2544830"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2544829"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">RFC2136</span></span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">RFC3007</span></span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">RFC2104</span></span>,
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2544901"></a><h2>BUGS</h2>
+<a name="id2544900"></a><h2>BUGS</h2>
<p>
The TSIG key is redundantly stored in two separate files.
This is a consequence of nsupdate using the DST library
.\" OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
.\" PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
.\"
-.\" $Id: rndc.8,v 1.26.18.12 2007/01/30 00:23:44 marka Exp $
+.\" $Id: rndc.8,v 1.26.18.13 2007/05/09 03:33:13 marka Exp $
.\"
.hy 0
.ad l
.PP
\fBrndc.conf\fR(5),
\fBnamed\fR(8),
-\fBnamed.conf\fR(5)
+\fBnamed.conf\fR(5),
\fBndc\fR(8),
BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual.
.SH "AUTHOR"
.\" OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
.\" PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
.\"
-.\" $Id: rndc.conf.5,v 1.23.18.13 2007/01/30 00:23:44 marka Exp $
+.\" $Id: rndc.conf.5,v 1.23.18.14 2007/05/09 03:33:13 marka Exp $
.\"
.hy 0
.ad l
key testkey {
algorithm hmac\-md5;
secret "R3HI8P6BKw9ZwXwN3VZKuQ==";
- }
+ };
.fi
.RE
.sp
.PP
A complete
\fIrndc.conf\fR
-file, including the randomly generated key, will be written to the standard output. Commented out
+file, including the randomly generated key, will be written to the standard output. Commented\-out
\fBkey\fR
and
\fBcontrols\fR
- OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
- PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
-->
-<!-- $Id: rndc.conf.html,v 1.6.18.21 2007/01/30 00:23:44 marka Exp $ -->
+<!-- $Id: rndc.conf.html,v 1.6.18.22 2007/05/09 03:33:13 marka Exp $ -->
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
key testkey {
algorithm hmac-md5;
secret "R3HI8P6BKw9ZwXwN3VZKuQ==";
- }
+ };
</pre>
<p>
</p>
A complete <code class="filename">rndc.conf</code> file, including
the
randomly generated key, will be written to the standard
- output. Commented out <code class="option">key</code> and
+ output. Commented-out <code class="option">key</code> and
<code class="option">controls</code> statements for
<code class="filename">named.conf</code> are also printed.
</p>
- OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
- PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
-->
-<!-- $Id: rndc.html,v 1.8.18.19 2007/01/30 00:23:44 marka Exp $ -->
+<!-- $Id: rndc.html,v 1.8.18.20 2007/05/09 03:33:13 marka Exp $ -->
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<a name="id2543678"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">rndc.conf</span>(5)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named</span>(8)</span>,
- <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named.conf</span>(5)</span>
+ <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named.conf</span>(5)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">ndc</span>(8)</span>,
<em class="citetitle">BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</em>.
</p>
- OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
- PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
-->
-<!-- $Id: Bv9ARM.ch06.html,v 1.82.18.65 2007/05/08 02:30:10 marka Exp $ -->
+<!-- $Id: Bv9ARM.ch06.html,v 1.82.18.66 2007/05/09 03:33:13 marka Exp $ -->
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#server_statement_grammar"><span><strong class="command">server</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#server_statement_definition_and_usage"><span><strong class="command">server</strong></span> Statement Definition and
Usage</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2585165"><span><strong class="command">trusted-keys</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2585214"><span><strong class="command">trusted-keys</strong></span> Statement Definition
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2585117"><span><strong class="command">trusted-keys</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2585235"><span><strong class="command">trusted-keys</strong></span> Statement Definition
and Usage</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#view_statement_grammar"><span><strong class="command">view</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2585294"><span><strong class="command">view</strong></span> Statement Definition and Usage</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2585315"><span><strong class="command">view</strong></span> Statement Definition and Usage</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#zone_statement_grammar"><span><strong class="command">zone</strong></span>
Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2586597"><span><strong class="command">zone</strong></span> Statement Definition and Usage</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2586692"><span><strong class="command">zone</strong></span> Statement Definition and Usage</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
-<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2588789">Zone File</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2588884">Zone File</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#types_of_resource_records_and_when_to_use_them">Types of Resource Records and When to Use Them</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2590810">Discussion of MX Records</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2590837">Discussion of MX Records</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#Setting_TTLs">Setting TTLs</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2591430">Inverse Mapping in IPv4</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2591557">Other Zone File Directives</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id25919
50"><acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> Master File Extension: the <span><strong class="command">$GENERATE</strong></span> Directive</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2591388">Inverse Mapping in IPv4</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2591584">Other Zone File Directives</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id25919
77"><acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> Master File Extension: the <span><strong class="command">$GENERATE</strong></span> Directive</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#zonefile_format">Additional File Formats</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
</dl>
[<span class="optional"> alt-transfer-source (<em class="replaceable"><code>ip4_addr</code></em> | <code class="constant">*</code>) [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; </span>]
[<span class="optional"> alt-transfer-source-v6 (<em class="replaceable"><code>ip6_addr</code></em> | <code class="constant">*</code>) [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; </span>]
[<span class="optional"> use-alt-transfer-source <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em>; </span>]
+ [<span class="optional"> notify-delay <em class="replaceable"><code>seconds</code></em> ; </span>]
[<span class="optional"> notify-source (<em class="replaceable"><code>ip4_addr</code></em> | <code class="constant">*</code>) [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; </span>]
[<span class="optional"> notify-source-v6 (<em class="replaceable"><code>ip6_addr</code></em> | <code class="constant">*</code>) [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; </span>]
[<span class="optional"> also-notify { <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_addr</code></em> [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; [<span class="optional"> <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_addr</code></em> [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; ... </span>] }; </span>]
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
-<a name="id2580406"></a>Forwarding</h4></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2580412"></a>Forwarding</h4></div></div></div>
<p>
The forwarding facility can be used to create a large site-wide
cache on a few servers, reducing traffic over links to external
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
-<a name="id2580465"></a>Dual-stack Servers</h4></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2580471"></a>Dual-stack Servers</h4></div></div></div>
<p>
Dual-stack servers are used as servers of last resort to work
around
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
-<a name="id2581018"></a>Interfaces</h4></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2581025"></a>Interfaces</h4></div></div></div>
<p>
The interfaces and ports that the server will answer queries
from may be specified using the <span><strong class="command">listen-on</strong></span> option. <span><strong class="command">listen-on</strong></span> takes
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
-<a name="id2581107"></a>Query Address</h4></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2581113"></a>Query Address</h4></div></div></div>
<p>
If the server doesn't know the answer to a question, it will
query other name servers. <span><strong class="command">query-source</strong></span> specifies
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
-<a name="id2581853"></a>Bad UDP Port Lists</h4></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2581860"></a>Bad UDP Port Lists</h4></div></div></div>
<p><span><strong class="command">avoid-v4-udp-ports</strong></span>
and <span><strong class="command">avoid-v6-udp-ports</strong></span> specify a list
of IPv4 and IPv6 UDP ports that will not be used as system
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
-<a name="id2581868"></a>Operating System Resource Limits</h4></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2581875"></a>Operating System Resource Limits</h4></div></div></div>
<p>
The server's usage of many system resources can be limited.
Scaled values are allowed when specifying resource limits. For
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
-<a name="id2581984"></a>Server Resource Limits</h4></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2582058"></a>Server Resource Limits</h4></div></div></div>
<p>
The following options set limits on the server's
resource consumption that are enforced internally by the
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
-<a name="id2582117"></a>Periodic Task Intervals</h4></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2582260"></a>Periodic Task Intervals</h4></div></div></div>
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">cleaning-interval</strong></span></span></dt>
<dd><p>
<span><strong class="command">recursive-clients</strong></span>.
</p>
</dd>
+<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">notify-delay</strong></span></span></dt>
+<dd><p>
+ The delay, in seconds, between sending sets of notify
+ messages for a zone. The default is zero.
+ </p></dd>
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2585165"></a><span><strong class="command">trusted-keys</strong></span> Statement Grammar</h3></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2585117"></a><span><strong class="command">trusted-keys</strong></span> Statement Grammar</h3></div></div></div>
<pre class="programlisting">trusted-keys {
<em class="replaceable"><code>string</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>string</code></em> ;
[<span class="optional"> <em class="replaceable"><code>string</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>string</code></em> ; [<span class="optional">...</span>]</span>]
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2585214"></a><span><strong class="command">trusted-keys</strong></span> Statement Definition
+<a name="id2585235"></a><span><strong class="command">trusted-keys</strong></span> Statement Definition
and Usage</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
The <span><strong class="command">trusted-keys</strong></span> statement defines
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2585294"></a><span><strong class="command">view</strong></span> Statement Definition and Usage</h3></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2585315"></a><span><strong class="command">view</strong></span> Statement Definition and Usage</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
The <span><strong class="command">view</strong></span> statement is a powerful
feature
[<span class="optional"> max-transfer-idle-out <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> ; </span>]
[<span class="optional"> max-transfer-time-out <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> ; </span>]
[<span class="optional"> notify <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em> | <em class="replaceable"><code>explicit</code></em> | <em class="replaceable"><code>master-only</code></em> ; </span>]
+ [<span class="optional"> notify-delay <em class="replaceable"><code>seconds</code></em> ; </span>]
[<span class="optional"> pubkey <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>string</code></em> ; </span>]
[<span class="optional"> notify-source (<em class="replaceable"><code>ip4_addr</code></em> | <code class="constant">*</code>) [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; </span>]
[<span class="optional"> notify-source-v6 (<em class="replaceable"><code>ip6_addr</code></em> | <code class="constant">*</code>) [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; </span>]
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2586597"></a><span><strong class="command">zone</strong></span> Statement Definition and Usage</h3></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2586692"></a><span><strong class="command">zone</strong></span> Statement Definition and Usage</h3></div></div></div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
-<a name="id2586604"></a>Zone Types</h4></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2586699"></a>Zone Types</h4></div></div></div>
<div class="informaltable"><table border="1">
<colgroup>
<col>
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
-<a name="id2587024"></a>Class</h4></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2587050"></a>Class</h4></div></div></div>
<p>
The zone's name may optionally be followed by a class. If
a class is not specified, class <code class="literal">IN</code> (for <code class="varname">Internet</code>),
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
-<a name="id2587125"></a>Zone Options</h4></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2587083"></a>Zone Options</h4></div></div></div>
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">allow-notify</strong></span></span></dt>
<dd><p>
</div>
<div class="sect1" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
-<a name="id2588789"></a>Zone File</h2></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2588884"></a>Zone File</h2></div></div></div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="types_of_resource_records_and_when_to_use_them"></a>Types of Resource Records and When to Use Them</h3></div></div></div>
</p>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
-<a name="id2588807"></a>Resource Records</h4></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2588902"></a>Resource Records</h4></div></div></div>
<p>
A domain name identifies a node. Each node has a set of
resource information, which may be empty. The set of resource
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
-<a name="id2590153"></a>Textual expression of RRs</h4></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2590316"></a>Textual expression of RRs</h4></div></div></div>
<p>
RRs are represented in binary form in the packets of the DNS
protocol, and are usually represented in highly encoded form
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2590810"></a>Discussion of MX Records</h3></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2590837"></a>Discussion of MX Records</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
As described above, domain servers store information as a
series of resource records, each of which contains a particular
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2591430"></a>Inverse Mapping in IPv4</h3></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2591388"></a>Inverse Mapping in IPv4</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
Reverse name resolution (that is, translation from IP address
to name) is achieved by means of the <span class="emphasis"><em>in-addr.arpa</em></span> domain
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2591557"></a>Other Zone File Directives</h3></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2591584"></a>Other Zone File Directives</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
The Master File Format was initially defined in RFC 1035 and
has subsequently been extended. While the Master File Format
</p>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
-<a name="id2591579"></a>The <span><strong class="command">$ORIGIN</strong></span> Directive</h4></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2591606"></a>The <span><strong class="command">$ORIGIN</strong></span> Directive</h4></div></div></div>
<p>
Syntax: <span><strong class="command">$ORIGIN</strong></span>
<em class="replaceable"><code>domain-name</code></em>
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
-<a name="id2591640"></a>The <span><strong class="command">$INCLUDE</strong></span> Directive</h4></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2591735"></a>The <span><strong class="command">$INCLUDE</strong></span> Directive</h4></div></div></div>
<p>
Syntax: <span><strong class="command">$INCLUDE</strong></span>
<em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em>
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
-<a name="id2591778"></a>The <span><strong class="command">$TTL</strong></span> Directive</h4></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2591873"></a>The <span><strong class="command">$TTL</strong></span> Directive</h4></div></div></div>
<p>
Syntax: <span><strong class="command">$TTL</strong></span>
<em class="replaceable"><code>default-ttl</code></em>
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id25919
50"></a><acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> Master File Extension: the <span><strong class="command">$GENERATE</strong></span> Directive</h3></div></div></div>
+<a name="id25919
77"></a><acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> Master File Extension: the <span><strong class="command">$GENERATE</strong></span> Directive</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
Syntax: <span><strong class="command">$GENERATE</strong></span>
<em class="replaceable"><code>range</code></em>
- OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
- PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
-->
-<!-- $Id: Bv9ARM.ch07.html,v 1.75.18.55 2007/05/08 02:30:11 marka Exp $ -->
+<!-- $Id: Bv9ARM.ch07.html,v 1.75.18.56 2007/05/09 03:33:14 marka Exp $ -->
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<p><b>Table of Contents</b></p>
<dl>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch07.html#Access_Control_Lists">Access Control Lists</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch07.html#id2592491"><span><strong class="command">Chroot</strong></span> and <span><strong class="command">Setuid</strong></span></a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch07.html#id2592518"><span><strong class="command">Chroot</strong></span> and <span><strong class="command">Setuid</strong></span></a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch07.html#id2592568">The <span><strong class="command">chroot</strong></span> Environment</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch07.html#id2592628">Using the <span><strong class="command">setuid</strong></span> Function</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch07.html#id2592595">The <span><strong class="command">chroot</strong></span> Environment</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch07.html#id2592654">Using the <span><strong class="command">setuid</strong></span> Function</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch07.html#dynamic_update_security">Dynamic Update Security</a></span></dt>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="sect1" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
-<a name="id2592491"></a><span><strong class="command">Chroot</strong></span> and <span><strong class="command">Setuid</strong></span>
+<a name="id2592518"></a><span><strong class="command">Chroot</strong></span> and <span><strong class="command">Setuid</strong></span>
</h2></div></div></div>
<p>
On UNIX servers, it is possible to run <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> in a <span class="emphasis"><em>chrooted</em></span> environment
</p>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2592568"></a>The <span><strong class="command">chroot</strong></span> Environment</h3></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2592595"></a>The <span><strong class="command">chroot</strong></span> Environment</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
In order for a <span><strong class="command">chroot</strong></span> environment
to
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2592628"></a>Using the <span><strong class="command">setuid</strong></span> Function</h3></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2592654"></a>Using the <span><strong class="command">setuid</strong></span> Function</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
Prior to running the <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> daemon,
use
- OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
- PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
-->
-<!-- $Id: Bv9ARM.ch08.html,v 1.75.18.55 2007/05/08 02:30:11 marka Exp $ -->
+<!-- $Id: Bv9ARM.ch08.html,v 1.75.18.56 2007/05/09 03:33:14 marka Exp $ -->
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<div class="toc">
<p><b>Table of Contents</b></p>
<dl>
-<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch08.html#id2592844">Common Problems</a></span></dt>
-<dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch08.html#id2592850">It's not working; how can I figure out what's wrong?</a></span></dt></dl></dd>
-<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch08.html#id2592861">Incrementing and Changing the Serial Number</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch08.html#id2592878">Where Can I Get Help?</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch08.html#id2592734">Common Problems</a></span></dt>
+<dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch08.html#id2592740">It's not working; how can I figure out what's wrong?</a></span></dt></dl></dd>
+<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch08.html#id2592752">Incrementing and Changing the Serial Number</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch08.html#id2593042">Where Can I Get Help?</a></span></dt>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="sect1" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
-<a name="id2592844"></a>Common Problems</h2></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2592734"></a>Common Problems</h2></div></div></div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2592850"></a>It's not working; how can I figure out what's wrong?</h3></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2592740"></a>It's not working; how can I figure out what's wrong?</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
The best solution to solving installation and
configuration issues is to take preventative measures by setting
</div>
<div class="sect1" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
-<a name="id2592861"></a>Incrementing and Changing the Serial Number</h2></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2592752"></a>Incrementing and Changing the Serial Number</h2></div></div></div>
<p>
Zone serial numbers are just numbers — they aren't date
related. A lot of people set them to a number that represents a
</div>
<div class="sect1" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
-<a name="id2592878"></a>Where Can I Get Help?</h2></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2593042"></a>Where Can I Get Help?</h2></div></div></div>
<p>
The Internet Systems Consortium
(<acronym class="acronym">ISC</acronym>) offers a wide range
- OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
- PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
-->
-<!-- $Id: Bv9ARM.ch09.html,v 1.75.18.57 2007/05/08 02:30:11 marka Exp $ -->
+<!-- $Id: Bv9ARM.ch09.html,v 1.75.18.58 2007/05/09 03:33:14 marka Exp $ -->
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<div class="toc">
<p><b>Table of Contents</b></p>
<dl>
-<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2593009">Acknowledgments</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2593104">Acknowledgments</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#historical_dns_information">A Brief History of the <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> and <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym></a></span></dt></dl></dd>
-<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id25932
39">General <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Reference Information</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id25932
66">General <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Reference Information</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#ipv6addresses">IPv6 addresses (AAAA)</a></span></dt></dl></dd>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#bibliography">Bibliography (and Suggested Reading)</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#rfcs">Request for Comments (RFCs)</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#internet_drafts">Internet Drafts</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2596
406">Other Documents About <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym></a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2596
501">Other Documents About <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym></a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="sect1" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
-<a name="id2593009"></a>Acknowledgments</h2></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2593104"></a>Acknowledgments</h2></div></div></div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="historical_dns_information"></a>A Brief History of the <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> and <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym>
</div>
<div class="sect1" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
-<a name="id25932
39"></a>General <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Reference Information</h2></div></div></div>
+<a name="id25932
66"></a>General <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Reference Information</h2></div></div></div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="ipv6addresses"></a>IPv6 addresses (AAAA)</h3></div></div></div>
</p>
<div class="bibliography">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
-<a name="id2593358"></a>Bibliography</h4></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2593453"></a>Bibliography</h4></div></div></div>
<div class="bibliodiv">
<h3 class="title">Standards</h3>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2593
369"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC974</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">C.</span> <span class="surname">Partridge</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Mail Routing and the Domain System</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">January 1986. </span></p>
+<a name="id2593
464"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC974</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">C.</span> <span class="surname">Partridge</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Mail Routing and the Domain System</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">January 1986. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25934
61"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1034</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">P.V.</span> <span class="surname">Mockapetris</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Names — Concepts and Facilities</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">November 1987. </span></p>
+<a name="id25934
88"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1034</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">P.V.</span> <span class="surname">Mockapetris</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Names — Concepts and Facilities</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">November 1987. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2593
484"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1035</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">P. V.</span> <span class="surname">Mockapetris</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Names — Implementation and
+<a name="id2593
511"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1035</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">P. V.</span> <span class="surname">Mockapetris</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Names — Implementation and
Specification</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">November 1987. </span></p>
</div>
</div>
<h3 class="title">
<a name="proposed_standards"></a>Proposed Standards</h3>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25935
21"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2181</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">R., R. Bush</span> <span class="surname">Elz</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Clarifications to the <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym>
+<a name="id25935
47"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2181</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">R., R. Bush</span> <span class="surname">Elz</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Clarifications to the <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym>
Specification</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">July 1997. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25935
47"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2308</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Andrews</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Negative Caching of <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym>
+<a name="id25935
74"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2308</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Andrews</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Negative Caching of <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym>
Queries</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 1998. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2593
573"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1995</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Ohta</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Incremental Zone Transfer in <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym></i>. </span><span class="pubdate">August 1996. </span></p>
+<a name="id2593
600"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1995</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Ohta</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Incremental Zone Transfer in <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym></i>. </span><span class="pubdate">August 1996. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2593
597"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1996</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A Mechanism for Prompt Notification of Zone Changes</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">August 1996. </span></p>
+<a name="id2593
624"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1996</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A Mechanism for Prompt Notification of Zone Changes</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">August 1996. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25936
21"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2136</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>, <span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Thomson</span>, <span class="firstname">Y.</span> <span class="surname">Rekhter</span>, and <span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Bound</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Dynamic Updates in the Domain Name System</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">April 1997. </span></p>
+<a name="id25936
48"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2136</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>, <span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Thomson</span>, <span class="firstname">Y.</span> <span class="surname">Rekhter</span>, and <span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Bound</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Dynamic Updates in the Domain Name System</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">April 1997. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2593
676"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2671</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Extension Mechanisms for DNS (EDNS0)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">August 1997. </span></p>
+<a name="id2593
703"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2671</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Extension Mechanisms for DNS (EDNS0)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">August 1997. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25937
03"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2672</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Crawford</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Non-Terminal DNS Name Redirection</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">August 1999. </span></p>
+<a name="id25937
30"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2672</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Crawford</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Non-Terminal DNS Name Redirection</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">August 1999. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25937
30"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2845</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>, <span class="firstname">O.</span> <span class="surname">Gudmundsson</span>, <span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>, and <span class="firstname">B.</span> <span class="surname">Wellington</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Secret Key Transaction Authentication for <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> (TSIG)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 2000. </span></p>
+<a name="id25937
56"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2845</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>, <span class="firstname">O.</span> <span class="surname">Gudmundsson</span>, <span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>, and <span class="firstname">B.</span> <span class="surname">Wellington</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Secret Key Transaction Authentication for <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> (TSIG)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 2000. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2593
792"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2930</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Secret Key Establishment for DNS (TKEY RR)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">September 2000. </span></p>
+<a name="id2593
818"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2930</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Secret Key Establishment for DNS (TKEY RR)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">September 2000. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25938
21"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2931</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>DNS Request and Transaction Signatures (SIG(0)s)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">September 2000. </span></p>
+<a name="id25938
48"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2931</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>DNS Request and Transaction Signatures (SIG(0)s)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">September 2000. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25938
51"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3007</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">B.</span> <span class="surname">Wellington</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Secure Domain Name System (DNS) Dynamic Update</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">November 2000. </span></p>
+<a name="id25938
78"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3007</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">B.</span> <span class="surname">Wellington</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Secure Domain Name System (DNS) Dynamic Update</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">November 2000. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2593
878"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3645</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Kwan</span>, <span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Garg</span>, <span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Gilroy</span>, <span class="firstname">L.</span> <span class="surname">Esibov</span>, <span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Westhead</span>, and <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Hall</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Generic Security Service Algorithm for Secret
+<a name="id2593
905"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3645</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Kwan</span>, <span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Garg</span>, <span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Gilroy</span>, <span class="firstname">L.</span> <span class="surname">Esibov</span>, <span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Westhead</span>, and <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Hall</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Generic Security Service Algorithm for Secret
Key Transaction Authentication for DNS
(GSS-TSIG)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 2003. </span></p>
</div>
<h3 class="title">
<acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Security Proposed Standards</h3>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25939
60"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3225</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Conrad</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Indicating Resolver Support of DNSSEC</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">December 2001. </span></p>
+<a name="id25939
87"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3225</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Conrad</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Indicating Resolver Support of DNSSEC</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">December 2001. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id259
3987"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3833</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Atkins</span> and <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Austein</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Threat Analysis of the Domain Name System (DNS)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">August 2004. </span></p>
+<a name="id259
4013"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3833</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Atkins</span> and <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Austein</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Threat Analysis of the Domain Name System (DNS)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">August 2004. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25940
23"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC4033</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Arends</span>, <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Austein</span>, <span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Larson</span>, <span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Massey</span>, and <span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Rose</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>DNS Security Introduction and Requirements</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 2005. </span></p>
+<a name="id25940
50"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC4033</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Arends</span>, <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Austein</span>, <span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Larson</span>, <span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Massey</span>, and <span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Rose</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>DNS Security Introduction and Requirements</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 2005. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2594
088"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC4044</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Arends</span>, <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Austein</span>, <span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Larson</span>, <span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Massey</span>, and <span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Rose</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Resource Records for the DNS Security Extensions</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 2005. </span></p>
+<a name="id2594
115"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC4044</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Arends</span>, <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Austein</span>, <span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Larson</span>, <span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Massey</span>, and <span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Rose</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Resource Records for the DNS Security Extensions</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 2005. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25941
53"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC4035</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Arends</span>, <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Austein</span>, <span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Larson</span>, <span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Massey</span>, and <span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Rose</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Protocol Modifications for the DNS
+<a name="id25941
80"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC4035</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Arends</span>, <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Austein</span>, <span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Larson</span>, <span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Massey</span>, and <span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Rose</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Protocol Modifications for the DNS
Security Extensions</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 2005. </span></p>
</div>
</div>
<h3 class="title">Other Important RFCs About <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym>
Implementation</h3>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25942
27"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1535</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">E.</span> <span class="surname">Gavron</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A Security Problem and Proposed Correction With Widely
+<a name="id25942
53"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1535</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">E.</span> <span class="surname">Gavron</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A Security Problem and Proposed Correction With Widely
Deployed <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Software.</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1993. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25942
52"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1536</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Kumar</span>, <span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Postel</span>, <span class="firstname">C.</span> <span class="surname">Neuman</span>, <span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Danzig</span>, and <span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Miller</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Common <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Implementation
+<a name="id25942
79"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1536</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Kumar</span>, <span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Postel</span>, <span class="firstname">C.</span> <span class="surname">Neuman</span>, <span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Danzig</span>, and <span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Miller</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Common <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Implementation
Errors and Suggested Fixes</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1993. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2594
321"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1982</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Elz</span> and <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Bush</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Serial Number Arithmetic</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">August 1996. </span></p>
+<a name="id2594
416"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1982</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Elz</span> and <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Bush</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Serial Number Arithmetic</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">August 1996. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2594
356"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC4074</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">Y.</span> <span class="surname">Morishita</span> and <span class="firstname">T.</span> <span class="surname">Jinmei</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Common Misbehaviour Against <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym>
+<a name="id2594
451"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC4074</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">Y.</span> <span class="surname">Morishita</span> and <span class="firstname">T.</span> <span class="surname">Jinmei</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Common Misbehaviour Against <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym>
Queries for IPv6 Addresses</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 2005. </span></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="bibliodiv">
<h3 class="title">Resource Record Types</h3>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25944
02"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1183</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">C.F.</span> <span class="surname">Everhart</span>, <span class="firstname">L. A.</span> <span class="surname">Mamakos</span>, <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Ullmann</span>, and <span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Mockapetris</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>New <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> RR Definitions</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1990. </span></p>
+<a name="id25944
97"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1183</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">C.F.</span> <span class="surname">Everhart</span>, <span class="firstname">L. A.</span> <span class="surname">Mamakos</span>, <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Ullmann</span>, and <span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Mockapetris</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>New <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> RR Definitions</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1990. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25945
28"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1706</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">B.</span> <span class="surname">Manning</span> and <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Colella</span>. </span><span class="title"><i><acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> NSAP Resource Records</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1994. </span></p>
+<a name="id25945
54"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1706</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">B.</span> <span class="surname">Manning</span> and <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Colella</span>. </span><span class="title"><i><acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> NSAP Resource Records</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1994. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25945
65"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2168</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Daniel</span> and <span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Mealling</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Resolution of Uniform Resource Identifiers using
+<a name="id25945
92"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2168</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Daniel</span> and <span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Mealling</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Resolution of Uniform Resource Identifiers using
the Domain Name System</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">June 1997. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25946
00"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1876</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">C.</span> <span class="surname">Davis</span>, <span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>, <span class="firstname">T.</span>, and <span class="firstname">I.</span> <span class="surname">Dickinson</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A Means for Expressing Location Information in the
+<a name="id25946
27"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1876</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">C.</span> <span class="surname">Davis</span>, <span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>, <span class="firstname">T.</span>, and <span class="firstname">I.</span> <span class="surname">Dickinson</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A Means for Expressing Location Information in the
Domain
Name System</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">January 1996. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25946
54"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2052</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Gulbrandsen</span> and <span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> RR for Specifying the
+<a name="id25946
81"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2052</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Gulbrandsen</span> and <span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> RR for Specifying the
Location of
Services.</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1996. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2594
693"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2163</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Allocchio</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Using the Internet <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> to
+<a name="id2594
720"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2163</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Allocchio</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Using the Internet <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> to
Distribute MIXER
Conformant Global Address Mapping</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">January 1998. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25947
18"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2230</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Atkinson</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Key Exchange Delegation Record for the <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym></i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1997. </span></p>
+<a name="id25947
45"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2230</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Atkinson</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Key Exchange Delegation Record for the <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym></i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1997. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25947
44"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2536</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>DSA KEYs and SIGs in the Domain Name System (DNS)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 1999. </span></p>
+<a name="id25947
71"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2536</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>DSA KEYs and SIGs in the Domain Name System (DNS)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 1999. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25947
71"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2537</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>RSA/MD5 KEYs and SIGs in the Domain Name System (DNS)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 1999. </span></p>
+<a name="id25947
97"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2537</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>RSA/MD5 KEYs and SIGs in the Domain Name System (DNS)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 1999. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2594
797"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2538</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span> and <span class="firstname">O.</span> <span class="surname">Gudmundsson</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Storing Certificates in the Domain Name System (DNS)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 1999. </span></p>
+<a name="id2594
824"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2538</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span> and <span class="firstname">O.</span> <span class="surname">Gudmundsson</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Storing Certificates in the Domain Name System (DNS)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 1999. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25948
37"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2539</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Storage of Diffie-Hellman Keys in the Domain Name System (DNS)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 1999. </span></p>
+<a name="id25948
64"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2539</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Storage of Diffie-Hellman Keys in the Domain Name System (DNS)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 1999. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25948
67"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2540</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Detached Domain Name System (DNS) Information</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 1999. </span></p>
+<a name="id25948
93"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2540</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Detached Domain Name System (DNS) Information</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 1999. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2594
897"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2782</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Gulbrandsen</span>. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">L.</span> <span class="surname">Esibov</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A DNS RR for specifying the location of services (DNS SRV)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">February 2000. </span></p>
+<a name="id2594
923"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2782</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Gulbrandsen</span>. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">L.</span> <span class="surname">Esibov</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A DNS RR for specifying the location of services (DNS SRV)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">February 2000. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25949
39"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2915</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Mealling</span>. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Daniel</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>The Naming Authority Pointer (NAPTR) DNS Resource Record</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">September 2000. </span></p>
+<a name="id25949
66"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2915</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Mealling</span>. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Daniel</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>The Naming Authority Pointer (NAPTR) DNS Resource Record</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">September 2000. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25949
72"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3110</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>RSA/SHA-1 SIGs and RSA KEYs in the Domain Name System (DNS)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 2001. </span></p>
+<a name="id25949
99"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3110</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>RSA/SHA-1 SIGs and RSA KEYs in the Domain Name System (DNS)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 2001. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id259
4999"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3123</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Koch</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A DNS RR Type for Lists of Address Prefixes (APL RR)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">June 2001. </span></p>
+<a name="id259
5026"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3123</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Koch</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A DNS RR Type for Lists of Address Prefixes (APL RR)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">June 2001. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25950
22"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3596</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Thomson</span>, <span class="firstname">C.</span> <span class="surname">Huitema</span>, <span class="firstname">V.</span> <span class="surname">Ksinant</span>, and <span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Souissi</span>. </span><span class="title"><i><acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Extensions to support IP
+<a name="id25950
49"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3596</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Thomson</span>, <span class="firstname">C.</span> <span class="surname">Huitema</span>, <span class="firstname">V.</span> <span class="surname">Ksinant</span>, and <span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Souissi</span>. </span><span class="title"><i><acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Extensions to support IP
version 6</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 2003. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2595
080"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3597</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Gustafsson</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Handling of Unknown DNS Resource Record (RR) Types</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">September 2003. </span></p>
+<a name="id2595
107"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3597</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Gustafsson</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Handling of Unknown DNS Resource Record (RR) Types</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">September 2003. </span></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="bibliodiv">
<h3 class="title">
<acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> and the Internet</h3>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25951
12"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1101</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">P. V.</span> <span class="surname">Mockapetris</span>. </span><span class="title"><i><acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Encoding of Network Names
+<a name="id25951
39"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1101</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">P. V.</span> <span class="surname">Mockapetris</span>. </span><span class="title"><i><acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Encoding of Network Names
and Other Types</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">April 1989. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25951
38"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1123</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="surname">Braden</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Requirements for Internet Hosts - Application and
+<a name="id25951
64"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1123</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="surname">Braden</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Requirements for Internet Hosts - Application and
Support</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1989. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25951
60"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1591</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Postel</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Name System Structure and Delegation</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 1994. </span></p>
+<a name="id25951
87"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1591</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Postel</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Name System Structure and Delegation</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 1994. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2595
184"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2317</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">H.</span> <span class="surname">Eidnes</span>, <span class="firstname">G.</span> <span class="surname">de Groot</span>, and <span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Classless IN-ADDR.ARPA Delegation</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 1998. </span></p>
+<a name="id2595
210"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2317</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">H.</span> <span class="surname">Eidnes</span>, <span class="firstname">G.</span> <span class="surname">de Groot</span>, and <span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Classless IN-ADDR.ARPA Delegation</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 1998. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25952
29"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2826</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="surname">Internet Architecture Board</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>IAB Technical Comment on the Unique DNS Root</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 2000. </span></p>
+<a name="id25952
56"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2826</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="surname">Internet Architecture Board</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>IAB Technical Comment on the Unique DNS Root</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 2000. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25952
53"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2929</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>, <span class="firstname">E.</span> <span class="surname">Brunner-Williams</span>, and <span class="firstname">B.</span> <span class="surname">Manning</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Name System (DNS) IANA Considerations</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">September 2000. </span></p>
+<a name="id25952
80"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2929</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>, <span class="firstname">E.</span> <span class="surname">Brunner-Williams</span>, and <span class="firstname">B.</span> <span class="surname">Manning</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Name System (DNS) IANA Considerations</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">September 2000. </span></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="bibliodiv">
<h3 class="title">
<acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Operations</h3>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25953
10"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1033</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Lottor</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain administrators operations guide.</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">November 1987. </span></p>
+<a name="id25953
37"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1033</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Lottor</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain administrators operations guide.</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">November 1987. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25953
34"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1537</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Beertema</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Common <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Data File
+<a name="id25953
61"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1537</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Beertema</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Common <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Data File
Configuration Errors</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1993. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25953
61"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1912</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Barr</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Common <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Operational and
+<a name="id25953
87"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1912</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Barr</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Common <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Operational and
Configuration Errors</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">February 1996. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2595
387"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2010</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">B.</span> <span class="surname">Manning</span> and <span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Operational Criteria for Root Name Servers.</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1996. </span></p>
+<a name="id2595
414"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2010</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">B.</span> <span class="surname">Manning</span> and <span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Operational Criteria for Root Name Servers.</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1996. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25954
24"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2219</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Hamilton</span> and <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Wright</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Use of <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Aliases for
+<a name="id25954
50"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2219</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Hamilton</span> and <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Wright</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Use of <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Aliases for
Network Services.</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1997. </span></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="bibliodiv">
<h3 class="title">Internationalized Domain Names</h3>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25954
69"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2825</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="surname">IAB</span> and <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Daigle</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A Tangled Web: Issues of I18N, Domain Names,
+<a name="id25954
96"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2825</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="surname">IAB</span> and <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Daigle</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A Tangled Web: Issues of I18N, Domain Names,
and the Other Internet protocols</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 2000. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25955
01"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3490</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Faltstrom</span>, <span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Hoffman</span>, and <span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Costello</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Internationalizing Domain Names in Applications (IDNA)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 2003. </span></p>
+<a name="id25955
28"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3490</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Faltstrom</span>, <span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Hoffman</span>, and <span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Costello</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Internationalizing Domain Names in Applications (IDNA)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 2003. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25955
47"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3491</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Hoffman</span> and <span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Blanchet</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Nameprep: A Stringprep Profile for Internationalized Domain Names</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 2003. </span></p>
+<a name="id25955
74"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3491</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Hoffman</span> and <span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Blanchet</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Nameprep: A Stringprep Profile for Internationalized Domain Names</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 2003. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2595
582"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3492</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Costello</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Punycode: A Bootstring encoding of Unicode
+<a name="id2595
609"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3492</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Costello</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Punycode: A Bootstring encoding of Unicode
for Internationalized Domain Names in
Applications (IDNA)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 2003. </span></p>
</div>
</p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25956
27"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1464</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Rosenbaum</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Using the Domain Name System To Store Arbitrary String
+<a name="id25956
54"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1464</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Rosenbaum</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Using the Domain Name System To Store Arbitrary String
Attributes</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 1993. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25956
50"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1713</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Romao</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Tools for <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Debugging</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">November 1994. </span></p>
+<a name="id25956
76"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1713</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Romao</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Tools for <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Debugging</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">November 1994. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2595
675"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1794</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">T.</span> <span class="surname">Brisco</span>. </span><span class="title"><i><acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Support for Load
+<a name="id2595
702"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1794</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">T.</span> <span class="surname">Brisco</span>. </span><span class="title"><i><acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Support for Load
Balancing</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">April 1995. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25957
01"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2240</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">O.</span> <span class="surname">Vaughan</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A Legal Basis for Domain Name Allocation</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">November 1997. </span></p>
+<a name="id25957
28"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2240</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">O.</span> <span class="surname">Vaughan</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A Legal Basis for Domain Name Allocation</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">November 1997. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25957
24"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2345</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Klensin</span>, <span class="firstname">T.</span> <span class="surname">Wolf</span>, and <span class="firstname">G.</span> <span class="surname">Oglesby</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Names and Company Name Retrieval</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 1998. </span></p>
+<a name="id25957
51"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2345</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Klensin</span>, <span class="firstname">T.</span> <span class="surname">Wolf</span>, and <span class="firstname">G.</span> <span class="surname">Oglesby</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Names and Company Name Retrieval</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 1998. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25957
70"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2352</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">O.</span> <span class="surname">Vaughan</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A Convention For Using Legal Names as Domain Names</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 1998. </span></p>
+<a name="id25957
97"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2352</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">O.</span> <span class="surname">Vaughan</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A Convention For Using Legal Names as Domain Names</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 1998. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2595
794"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3071</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Klensin</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Reflections on the DNS, RFC 1591, and Categories of Domains</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">February 2001. </span></p>
+<a name="id2595
820"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3071</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Klensin</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Reflections on the DNS, RFC 1591, and Categories of Domains</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">February 2001. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25958
20"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3258</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">T.</span> <span class="surname">Hardie</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Distributing Authoritative Name Servers via
+<a name="id25958
47"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3258</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">T.</span> <span class="surname">Hardie</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Distributing Authoritative Name Servers via
Shared Unicast Addresses</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">April 2002. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25958
46"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3901</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Durand</span> and <span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Ihren</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>DNS IPv6 Transport Operational Guidelines</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">September 2004. </span></p>
+<a name="id25958
73"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3901</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Durand</span> and <span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Ihren</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>DNS IPv6 Transport Operational Guidelines</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">September 2004. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2595
882"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2352</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">O.</span> <span class="surname">Vaughan</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A Convention For Using Legal Names as Domain Names</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 1998. </span></p>
+<a name="id2595
909"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2352</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">O.</span> <span class="surname">Vaughan</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A Convention For Using Legal Names as Domain Names</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 1998. </span></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="bibliodiv">
<h3 class="title">Obsolete and Unimplemented Experimental RFC</h3>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25959
13"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1712</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">C.</span> <span class="surname">Farrell</span>, <span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Schulze</span>, <span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Pleitner</span>, and <span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Baldoni</span>. </span><span class="title"><i><acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Encoding of Geographical
+<a name="id25959
40"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1712</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">C.</span> <span class="surname">Farrell</span>, <span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Schulze</span>, <span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Pleitner</span>, and <span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Baldoni</span>. </span><span class="title"><i><acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Encoding of Geographical
Location</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">November 1994. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25959
71"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2673</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Crawford</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Binary Labels in the Domain Name System</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">August 1999. </span></p>
+<a name="id25959
97"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2673</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Crawford</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Binary Labels in the Domain Name System</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">August 1999. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id259
5997"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2874</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Crawford</span> and <span class="firstname">C.</span> <span class="surname">Huitema</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>DNS Extensions to Support IPv6 Address Aggregation
+<a name="id259
6024"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2874</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Crawford</span> and <span class="firstname">C.</span> <span class="surname">Huitema</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>DNS Extensions to Support IPv6 Address Aggregation
and Renumbering</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">July 2000. </span></p>
</div>
</div>
</p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id25960
45"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2065</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span> and <span class="firstname">C.</span> <span class="surname">Kaufman</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Name System Security Extensions</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">January 1997. </span></p>
+<a name="id25960
72"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2065</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span> and <span class="firstname">C.</span> <span class="surname">Kaufman</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Name System Security Extensions</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">January 1997. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2596
085"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2137</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Secure Domain Name System Dynamic Update</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">April 1997. </span></p>
+<a name="id2596
112"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2137</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Secure Domain Name System Dynamic Update</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">April 1997. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2596
112"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2535</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Name System Security Extensions</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 1999. </span></p>
+<a name="id2596
206"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2535</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Name System Security Extensions</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 1999. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2596
141"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3008</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">B.</span> <span class="surname">Wellington</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Name System Security (DNSSEC)
+<a name="id2596
236"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3008</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">B.</span> <span class="surname">Wellington</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Name System Security (DNSSEC)
Signing Authority</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">November 2000. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2596
167"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3090</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">E.</span> <span class="surname">Lewis</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>DNS Security Extension Clarification on Zone Status</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 2001. </span></p>
+<a name="id2596
262"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3090</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">E.</span> <span class="surname">Lewis</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>DNS Security Extension Clarification on Zone Status</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 2001. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2596
194"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3445</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Massey</span> and <span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Rose</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Limiting the Scope of the KEY Resource Record (RR)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">December 2002. </span></p>
+<a name="id2596
289"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3445</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Massey</span> and <span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Rose</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Limiting the Scope of the KEY Resource Record (RR)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">December 2002. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2596
230"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3655</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">B.</span> <span class="surname">Wellington</span> and <span class="firstname">O.</span> <span class="surname">Gudmundsson</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Redefinition of DNS Authenticated Data (AD) bit</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">November 2003. </span></p>
+<a name="id2596
325"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3655</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">B.</span> <span class="surname">Wellington</span> and <span class="firstname">O.</span> <span class="surname">Gudmundsson</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Redefinition of DNS Authenticated Data (AD) bit</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">November 2003. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2596
266"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3658</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">O.</span> <span class="surname">Gudmundsson</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Delegation Signer (DS) Resource Record (RR)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">December 2003. </span></p>
+<a name="id2596
361"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3658</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">O.</span> <span class="surname">Gudmundsson</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Delegation Signer (DS) Resource Record (RR)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">December 2003. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2596
293"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3755</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Weiler</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Legacy Resolver Compatibility for Delegation Signer (DS)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 2004. </span></p>
+<a name="id2596
388"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3755</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Weiler</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Legacy Resolver Compatibility for Delegation Signer (DS)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 2004. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2596
320"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3757</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">O.</span> <span class="surname">Kolkman</span>, <span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Schlyter</span>, and <span class="firstname">E.</span> <span class="surname">Lewis</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Name System KEY (DNSKEY) Resource Record
+<a name="id2596
414"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3757</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">O.</span> <span class="surname">Kolkman</span>, <span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Schlyter</span>, and <span class="firstname">E.</span> <span class="surname">Lewis</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Name System KEY (DNSKEY) Resource Record
(RR) Secure Entry Point (SEP) Flag</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">April 2004. </span></p>
</div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2596
364"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3845</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Schlyter</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>DNS Security (DNSSEC) NextSECure (NSEC) RDATA Format</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">August 2004. </span></p>
+<a name="id2596
459"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3845</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Schlyter</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>DNS Security (DNSSEC) NextSECure (NSEC) RDATA Format</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">August 2004. </span></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
-<a name="id2596
406"></a>Other Documents About <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym>
+<a name="id2596
501"></a>Other Documents About <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym>
</h3></div></div></div>
<p></p>
<div class="bibliography">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
-<a name="id2596416"></a>Bibliography</h4></div></div></div>
+<a name="id2596510"></a>Bibliography</h4></div></div></div>
<div class="biblioentry">
-<a name="id2596
418"></a><p><span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">Paul</span> <span class="surname">Albitz</span> and <span class="firstname">Cricket</span> <span class="surname">Liu</span>. </span><span class="title"><i><acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> and <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym></i>. </span><span class="copyright">Copyright © 1998 Sebastopol, CA: O'Reilly and Associates. </span></p>
+<a name="id2596
513"></a><p><span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">Paul</span> <span class="surname">Albitz</span> and <span class="firstname">Cricket</span> <span class="surname">Liu</span>. </span><span class="title"><i><acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> and <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym></i>. </span><span class="copyright">Copyright © 1998 Sebastopol, CA: O'Reilly and Associates. </span></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
- OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
- PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
-->
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<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#server_statement_grammar"><span><strong class="command">server</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#server_statement_definition_and_usage"><span><strong class="command">server</strong></span> Statement Definition and
Usage</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2585165"><span><strong class="command">trusted-keys</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2585214"><span><strong class="command">trusted-keys</strong></span> Statement Definition
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2585117"><span><strong class="command">trusted-keys</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2585235"><span><strong class="command">trusted-keys</strong></span> Statement Definition
and Usage</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#view_statement_grammar"><span><strong class="command">view</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2585294"><span><strong class="command">view</strong></span> Statement Definition and Usage</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2585315"><span><strong class="command">view</strong></span> Statement Definition and Usage</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#zone_statement_grammar"><span><strong class="command">zone</strong></span>
Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2586597"><span><strong class="command">zone</strong></span> Statement Definition and Usage</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2586692"><span><strong class="command">zone</strong></span> Statement Definition and Usage</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
-<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2588789">Zone File</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2588884">Zone File</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#types_of_resource_records_and_when_to_use_them">Types of Resource Records and When to Use Them</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2590810">Discussion of MX Records</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2590837">Discussion of MX Records</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#Setting_TTLs">Setting TTLs</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2591430">Inverse Mapping in IPv4</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2591557">Other Zone File Directives</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id25919
50"><acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> Master File Extension: the <span><strong class="command">$GENERATE</strong></span> Directive</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2591388">Inverse Mapping in IPv4</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2591584">Other Zone File Directives</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id25919
77"><acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> Master File Extension: the <span><strong class="command">$GENERATE</strong></span> Directive</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#zonefile_format">Additional File Formats</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch07.html">7. <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> 9 Security Considerations</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch07.html#Access_Control_Lists">Access Control Lists</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch07.html#id2592491"><span><strong class="command">Chroot</strong></span> and <span><strong class="command">Setuid</strong></span></a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch07.html#id2592518"><span><strong class="command">Chroot</strong></span> and <span><strong class="command">Setuid</strong></span></a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch07.html#id2592568">The <span><strong class="command">chroot</strong></span> Environment</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch07.html#id2592628">Using the <span><strong class="command">setuid</strong></span> Function</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch07.html#id2592595">The <span><strong class="command">chroot</strong></span> Environment</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch07.html#id2592654">Using the <span><strong class="command">setuid</strong></span> Function</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch07.html#dynamic_update_security">Dynamic Update Security</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch08.html">8. Troubleshooting</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
-<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch08.html#id2592844">Common Problems</a></span></dt>
-<dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch08.html#id2592850">It's not working; how can I figure out what's wrong?</a></span></dt></dl></dd>
-<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch08.html#id2592861">Incrementing and Changing the Serial Number</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch08.html#id2592878">Where Can I Get Help?</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch08.html#id2592734">Common Problems</a></span></dt>
+<dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch08.html#id2592740">It's not working; how can I figure out what's wrong?</a></span></dt></dl></dd>
+<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch08.html#id2592752">Incrementing and Changing the Serial Number</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch08.html#id2593042">Where Can I Get Help?</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="appendix"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html">A. Appendices</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
-<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2593009">Acknowledgments</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2593104">Acknowledgments</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#historical_dns_information">A Brief History of the <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> and <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym></a></span></dt></dl></dd>
-<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id25932
39">General <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Reference Information</a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id25932
66">General <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Reference Information</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#ipv6addresses">IPv6 addresses (AAAA)</a></span></dt></dl></dd>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#bibliography">Bibliography (and Suggested Reading)</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#rfcs">Request for Comments (RFCs)</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#internet_drafts">Internet Drafts</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2596
406">Other Documents About <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym></a></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2596
501">Other Documents About <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym></a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="reference"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch10.html">I. Manual pages</a></span></dt>
- OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
- PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
-->
-<!-- $Id: man.dig.html,v 1.2.2.38 2007/05/08 02:30:11 marka Exp $ -->
+<!-- $Id: man.dig.html,v 1.2.2.39 2007/05/09 03:33:14 marka Exp $ -->
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">dig</code> [global-queryopt...] [query...]</p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2563953"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<a name="id2569577"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span>
(domain information groper) is a flexible tool
for interrogating DNS name servers. It performs DNS lookups and
arguments, it also has a batch mode of operation for reading lookup
requests from a file. A brief summary of its command-line arguments
and options is printed when the <code class="option">-h</code> option is given.
- Unlike earlier versions, the BIND9 implementation of
+ Unlike earlier versions, the BIND 9 implementation of
<span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> allows multiple lookups to be issued
from the
command line.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2569571"></a><h2>SIMPLE USAGE</h2>
+<a name="id2569666"></a><h2>SIMPLE USAGE</h2>
<p>
A typical invocation of <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> looks like:
</p>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2569682"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
+<a name="id2622752"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
<p>
The <code class="option">-b</code> option sets the source IP address of the query
to <em class="parameter"><code>address</code></em>. This must be a valid
in batch mode by reading a list of lookup requests to process from the
file <em class="parameter"><code>filename</code></em>. The file contains a
number of
- queries, one per line. Each entry in the file should be organised in
+ queries, one per line. Each entry in the file should be organized in
the same way they would be presented as queries to
<span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> using the command-line interface.
</p>
The <code class="option">-t</code> option sets the query type to
<em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em>. It can be any valid query type
which is
- supported in BIND9. The default query type "A", unless the
+ supported in BIND 9. The default query type "A", unless the
<code class="option">-x</code> option is supplied to indicate a reverse lookup.
A zone transfer can be requested by specifying a type of AXFR. When
an incremental zone transfer (IXFR) is required,
</p>
<p>
The <code class="option">-q</code> option sets the query name to
- <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em>. This useful do distingish the
+ <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em>. This useful do distinguish the
<em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em> from other arguments.
</p>
<p>
- Reverse lookups - mapping addresses to names - are simplified by the
+ Reverse lookups — mapping addresses to names — are simplified by the
<code class="option">-x</code> option. <em class="parameter"><code>addr</code></em> is
an IPv4
address in dotted-decimal notation, or a colon-delimited IPv6 address.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2649136"></a><h2>QUERY OPTIONS</h2>
+<a name="id2649230"></a><h2>QUERY OPTIONS</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span>
provides a number of query options which affect
the way in which lookups are made and the results displayed. Some of
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]tcp</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Use [do not use] TCP when querying name servers. The default
- behaviour is to use UDP unless an AXFR or IXFR query is
+ behavior is to use UDP unless an AXFR or IXFR query is
requested, in
which case a TCP connection is used.
</p></dd>
This query option toggles the printing of statistics: when the
query
was made, the size of the reply and so on. The default
- behaviour is
+ behavior is
to print the query statistics.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]qr</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Sets the timeout for a query to
- <em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> seconds. The default time
- out is 5 seconds.
+ <em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> seconds. The default
+ timeout is 5 seconds.
An attempt to set <em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> to less
than 1 will result
in a query timeout of 1 second being applied.
default is
to not try the next server which is the reverse of normal stub
resolver
- behaviour.
+ behavior.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]besteffort</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]topdown</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
- When chasing DNSSEC signature chains perform a top down
+ When chasing DNSSEC signature chains perform a top-down
validation.
Requires dig be compiled with -DDIG_SIGCHASE.
</p></dd>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2650122"></a><h2>MULTIPLE QUERIES</h2>
+<a name="id2650217"></a><h2>MULTIPLE QUERIES</h2>
<p>
The BIND 9 implementation of <span><strong class="command">dig </strong></span>
supports
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2650208"></a><h2>IDN SUPPORT</h2>
+<a name="id2650371"></a><h2>IDN SUPPORT</h2>
<p>
If <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> has been built with IDN (internationalized
domain name) support, it can accept and display non-ASCII domain names.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2650236"></a><h2>FILES</h2>
+<a name="id2650400"></a><h2>FILES</h2>
<p><code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>
</p>
<p><code class="filename">${HOME}/.digrc</code>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2650326"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2650421"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">host</span>(1)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named</span>(8)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dnssec-keygen</span>(8)</span>,
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2650363"></a><h2>BUGS</h2>
+<a name="id2650458"></a><h2>BUGS</h2>
<p>
There are probably too many query options.
</p>
- OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
- PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
-->
-<!-- $Id: man.dnssec-keygen.html,v 1.2.2.38 2007/05/08 02:30:11 marka Exp $ -->
+<!-- $Id: man.dnssec-keygen.html,v 1.2.2.39 2007/05/09 03:33:14 marka Exp $ -->
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">dnssec-keygen</code> {-a <em class="replaceable"><code>algorithm</code></em>} {-b <em class="replaceable"><code>keysize</code></em>} {-n <em class="replaceable"><code>nametype</code></em>} [<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-e</code>] [<code class="option">-f <em class="replaceable"><code>flag</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-g <em class="replaceable"><code>generator</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-h</code>] [<code class="option">-k</code>] [<code class="option">-p <em class="replaceable"><code>protocol</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-r <em class="replaceable"><code>randomdev</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-s <em class="replaceable"><code>strength</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>type</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-v <em class="replaceable"><code>level</code></em></code>] {name}</p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2597553"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<a name="id2597648"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">dnssec-keygen</strong></span>
generates keys for DNSSEC (Secure DNS), as defined in RFC 2535
- and RFC <TBA\>. It can also generate keys for use with
+ and RFC 4034. It can also generate keys for use with
TSIG (Transaction Signatures), as defined in RFC 2845.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2597566"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
+<a name="id2597661"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
<dt><span class="term">-a <em class="replaceable"><code>algorithm</code></em></span></dt>
<dd>
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2598183"></a><h2>GENERATED KEYS</h2>
+<a name="id2598346"></a><h2>GENERATED KEYS</h2>
<p>
When <span><strong class="command">dnssec-keygen</strong></span> completes
successfully,
</p></li>
</ul></div>
<p><span><strong class="command">dnssec-keygen</strong></span>
- creates two file, with names based
+ creates two files, with names based
on the printed string. <code class="filename">Knnnn.+aaa+iiiii.key</code>
contains the public key, and
<code class="filename">Knnnn.+aaa+iiiii.private</code> contains the
statement).
</p>
<p>
- The <code class="filename">.private</code> file contains algorithm
- specific
+ The <code class="filename">.private</code> file contains
+ algorithm-specific
fields. For obvious security reasons, this file does not have
general read permission.
</p>
<p>
Both <code class="filename">.key</code> and <code class="filename">.private</code>
- files are generated for symmetric encryption algorithm such as
+ files are generated for symmetric encryption algorithms such as
HMAC-MD5, even though the public and private key are equivalent.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2598291"></a><h2>EXAMPLE</h2>
+<a name="id2598454"></a><h2>EXAMPLE</h2>
<p>
To generate a 768-bit DSA key for the domain
<strong class="userinput"><code>example.com</code></strong>, the following command would be
In this example, <span><strong class="command">dnssec-keygen</strong></span> creates
the files <code class="filename">Kexample.com.+003+26160.key</code>
and
- <code class="filename">Kexample.com.+003+26160.private</code>
+ <code class="filename">Kexample.com.+003+26160.private</code>.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2598347"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2600149"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dnssec-signzone</span>(8)</span>,
<em class="citetitle">BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</em>,
<em class="citetitle">RFC 2535</em>,
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2600290"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
+<a name="id2600180"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
</p>
</div>
- OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
- PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
-->
-<!-- $Id: man.dnssec-signzone.html,v 1.2.2.36 2007/05/08 02:30:11 marka Exp $ -->
+<!-- $Id: man.dnssec-signzone.html,v 1.2.2.37 2007/05/09 03:33:14 marka Exp $ -->
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">dnssec-signzone</code> [<code class="option">-a</code>] [<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-d <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-e <em class="replaceable"><code>end-time</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-f <em class="replaceable"><code>output-file</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-g</code>] [<code class="option">-h</code>] [<code class="option">-k <em class="replaceable"><code>key</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-l <em class="replaceable"><code>domain</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-i <em class="replaceable"><code>interval</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-I <em class="replaceable"><code>input-format</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-j <em class="replaceable"><code>jitter</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-N <em class="replaceable"><code>soa-serial-format</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-o <em class="replaceable"><code>origin</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-O <em class="replaceable"><code>output-format</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-p</code>] [<code class="option">-r <em class="replaceable"><code>randomdev</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-s <em class="replaceable"><code>start-time</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-t</code>] [<code class="option">-v <em class="replaceable"><code>level</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-z</code>] {zonefile} [key...]</p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2598675"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<a name="id2598914"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">dnssec-signzone</strong></span>
signs a zone. It generates
NSEC and RRSIG records and produces a signed version of the
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2598694"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
+<a name="id2598933"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
<dt><span class="term">-a</span></dt>
<dd><p>
The name of the output file containing the signed zone. The
default is to append <code class="filename">.signed</code> to
the
- input file.
+ input filename.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">-h</span></dt>
<dd><p>
<dt><span class="term">-i <em class="replaceable"><code>interval</code></em></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
- When a previously signed zone is passed as input, records
+ When a previously-signed zone is passed as input, records
may be resigned. The <code class="option">interval</code> option
specifies the cycle interval as an offset from the current
time (in seconds). If a RRSIG record expires after the
When signing a zone with a fixed signature lifetime, all
RRSIG records issued at the time of signing expires
simultaneously. If the zone is incrementally signed, i.e.
- a previously signed zone is passed as input to the signer,
- all expired signatures has to be regenerated at about the
+ a previously-signed zone is passed as input to the signer,
+ all expired signatures have to be regenerated at about the
same time. The <code class="option">jitter</code> option specifies a
jitter window that will be used to randomize the signature
expire time, thus spreading incremental signature
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">key</span></dt>
<dd><p>
- The keys used to sign the zone. If no keys are specified, the
- default all zone keys that have private key files in the
- current directory.
+ Specify which keys should be used to sign the zone. If
+ no keys are specified, then the zone will be examined
+ for DNSKEY records at the zone apex. If these are found and
+ there are matching private keys, in the current directory,
+ then these will be used for signing.
</p></dd>
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2623273"></a><h2>EXAMPLE</h2>
+<a name="id2641125"></a><h2>EXAMPLE</h2>
<p>
The following command signs the <strong class="userinput"><code>example.com</code></strong>
- zone with the DSA key generated in the <span><strong class="command">dnssec-keygen</strong></span>
- man page. The zone's keys must be in the zone. If there are
- <code class="filename">keyset</code> files associated with child
- zones,
- they must be in the current directory.
- <strong class="userinput"><code>example.com</code></strong>, the following command would be
- issued:
- </p>
-<p><strong class="userinput"><code>dnssec-signzone -o example.com db.example.com
- Kexample.com.+003+26160</code></strong>
- </p>
-<p>
- The command would print a string of the form:
+ zone with the DSA key generated by <span><strong class="command">dnssec-keygen</strong></span>
+ (Kexample.com.+003+17247). The zone's keys must be in the master
+ file (<code class="filename">db.example.com</code>). This invocation looks
+ for <code class="filename">keyset</code> files, in the current directory,
+ so that DS records can be generated from them (<span><strong class="command">-g</strong></span>).
</p>
+<pre class="programlisting">% dnssec-signzone -g -o example.com db.example.com \
+Kexample.com.+003+17247
+db.example.com.signed
+%</pre>
<p>
- In this example, <span><strong class="command">dnssec-signzone</strong></span> creates
+ In the above example, <span><strong class="command">dnssec-signzone</strong></span> creates
the file <code class="filename">db.example.com.signed</code>. This
- file
- should be referenced in a zone statement in a
+ file should be referenced in a zone statement in a
<code class="filename">named.conf</code> file.
</p>
+<p>
+ This example re-signs a previously signed zone with default parameters.
+ The private keys are assumed to be in the current directory.
+ </p>
+<pre class="programlisting">% cp db.example.com.signed db.example.com
+% dnssec-signzone -o example.com db.example.com
+db.example.com.signed
+%</pre>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2641156"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2652871"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dnssec-keygen</span>(8)</span>,
<em class="citetitle">BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</em>,
<em class="citetitle">RFC 2535</em>.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2652786"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
+<a name="id2652896"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
</p>
</div>
- OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
- PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
-->
-<!-- $Id: man.host.html,v 1.2.2.37 2007/05/08 02:30:11 marka Exp $ -->
+<!-- $Id: man.host.html,v 1.2.2.38 2007/05/09 03:33:14 marka Exp $ -->
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">host</code> [<code class="option">-aCdlnrsTwv</code>] [<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-N <em class="replaceable"><code>ndots</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-R <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>type</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-W <em class="replaceable"><code>wait</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-m <em class="replaceable"><code>flag</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-4</code>] [<code class="option">-6</code>] {name} [server]</p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2596723"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<a name="id2596749"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">host</strong></span>
is a simple utility for performing DNS lookups.
It is normally used to convert names to IP addresses and vice versa.
attempt to resolve <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em>. The
<code class="option">-r</code> option enables <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span>
to mimic
- the behaviour of a name server by making non-recursive queries and
+ the behavior of a name server by making non-recursive queries and
expecting to receive answers to those queries that are usually
referrals to other name servers.
</p>
</p>
<p>
The <code class="option">-t</code> option is used to select the query type.
- <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em> can be any recognised query
+ <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em> can be any recognized query
type: CNAME,
NS, SOA, SIG, KEY, AXFR, etc. When no query type is specified,
<span><strong class="command">host</strong></span> automatically selects an appropriate
The <code class="option">-s</code> option tells <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span>
<span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> to send the query to the next nameserver
if any server responds with a SERVFAIL response, which is the
- reverse of normal stub resolver behaviour.
+ reverse of normal stub resolver behavior.
</p>
<p>
The <code class="option">-m</code> can be used to set the memory usage debugging
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2597373"></a><h2>IDN SUPPORT</h2>
+<a name="id2597400"></a><h2>IDN SUPPORT</h2>
<p>
If <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span> has been built with IDN (internationalized
domain name) support, it can accept and display non-ASCII domain names.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2597402"></a><h2>FILES</h2>
+<a name="id2597429"></a><h2>FILES</h2>
<p><code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2599054"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2597443"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dig</span>(1)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named</span>(8)</span>.
</p>
- OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
- PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
-->
-<!-- $Id: man.named-checkconf.html,v 1.2.2.39 2007/05/08 02:30:11 marka Exp $ -->
+<!-- $Id: man.named-checkconf.html,v 1.2.2.40 2007/05/09 03:33:14 marka Exp $ -->
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">named-checkconf</code> [<code class="option">-v</code>] [<code class="option">-j</code>] [<code class="option">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></code>] {filename} [<code class="option">-z</code>]</p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2600402"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<a name="id2599686"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">named-checkconf</strong></span>
checks the syntax, but not the semantics, of a named
configuration file.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2600416"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
+<a name="id2599700"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
<dt><span class="term">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></span></dt>
<dd><p>
- chroot to <code class="filename">directory</code> so that
+ Chroot to <code class="filename">directory</code> so that
include
directives in the configuration file are processed as if
run by a similarly chrooted named.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">-z</span></dt>
<dd><p>
- Perform a check load the master zonefiles found in
- <code class="filename">named.conf</code>.
+ Perform a test load of all master zones found in
+ <code class="filename">named.conf</code>.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">-j</span></dt>
<dd><p>
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2600517"></a><h2>RETURN VALUES</h2>
+<a name="id2599802"></a><h2>RETURN VALUES</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">named-checkconf</strong></span>
returns an exit status of 1 if
errors were detected and 0 otherwise.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2600531"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2599816"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named</span>(8)</span>,
<em class="citetitle">BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</em>.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2600552"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
+<a name="id2599837"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
</p>
</div>
- OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
- PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
-->
-<!-- $Id: man.named-checkzone.html,v 1.2.2.41 2007/05/08 02:30:11 marka Exp $ -->
+<!-- $Id: man.named-checkzone.html,v 1.2.2.42 2007/05/09 03:33:14 marka Exp $ -->
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">named-compilezone</code> [<code class="option">-d</code>] [<code class="option">-j</code>] [<code class="option">-q</code>] [<code class="option">-v</code>] [<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-C <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-f <em class="replaceable"><code>format</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-F <em class="replaceable"><code>format</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-i <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-k <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-m <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-n <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-o <em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-s <em class="replaceable"><code>style</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-w <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-D</code>] [<code class="option">-W <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] {zonename} {filename}</p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2601614"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<a name="id2601308"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">named-checkzone</strong></span>
checks the syntax and integrity of a zone file. It performs the
same checks as <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> does when loading a
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2601665"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
+<a name="id2601358"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
<dt><span class="term">-d</span></dt>
<dd><p>
<dt><span class="term">-i <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
- Perform post load zone integrity checks. Possible modes are
+ Perform post-load zone integrity checks. Possible modes are
<span><strong class="command">"full"</strong></span> (default),
<span><strong class="command">"full-sibling"</strong></span>,
<span><strong class="command">"local"</strong></span>,
<p>
Mode <span><strong class="command">"full"</strong></span> checks that delegation NS
records refer to A or AAAA record (both in-zone and out-of-zone
- hostnames). It also checks that glue addresses records
+ hostnames). It also checks that glue address records
in the zone match those advertised by the child.
Mode <span><strong class="command">"local"</strong></span> only checks NS records which
refer to in-zone hostnames or that some required glue exists,
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></span></dt>
<dd><p>
- chroot to <code class="filename">directory</code> so that
+ Chroot to <code class="filename">directory</code> so that
include
directives in the configuration file are processed as if
run by a similarly chrooted named.
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2654942"></a><h2>RETURN VALUES</h2>
+<a name="id2654978"></a><h2>RETURN VALUES</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">named-checkzone</strong></span>
returns an exit status of 1 if
errors were detected and 0 otherwise.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2654956"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2654992"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named</span>(8)</span>,
<em class="citetitle">RFC 1035</em>,
<em class="citetitle">BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</em>.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2654981"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
+<a name="id2655016"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
</p>
</div>
- OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
- PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
-->
-<!-- $Id: man.named.html,v 1.2.2.44 2007/05/08 02:30:11 marka Exp $ -->
+<!-- $Id: man.named.html,v 1.2.2.45 2007/05/09 03:33:14 marka Exp $ -->
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">named</code> [<code class="option">-4</code>] [<code class="option">-6</code>] [<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>config-file</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-d <em class="replaceable"><code>debug-level</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-f</code>] [<code class="option">-g</code>] [<code class="option">-n <em class="replaceable"><code>#cpus</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-p <em class="replaceable"><code>port</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-s</code>] [<code class="option">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-u <em class="replaceable"><code>user</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-v</code>] [<code class="option">-x <em class="replaceable"><code>cache-file</code></em></code>]</p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2602434"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<a name="id2601846"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">named</strong></span>
is a Domain Name System (DNS) server,
part of the BIND 9 distribution from ISC. For more
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2602465"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
+<a name="id2601877"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
<dt><span class="term">-4</span></dt>
<dd><p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></span></dt>
<dd>
-<p><code class="function">chroot()</code>
+<p>Chroot
to <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em> after
processing the command line arguments, but before
reading the configuration file.
This option should be used in conjunction with the
<code class="option">-u</code> option, as chrooting a process
running as root doesn't enhance security on most
- systems; the way <code class="function">chroot()</code> is
+ systems; the way <code class="function">chroot(2)</code> is
defined allows a process with root privileges to
escape a chroot jail.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term">-u <em class="replaceable"><code>user</code></em></span></dt>
<dd>
-<p><code class="function">setuid()</code>
+<p>Setuid
to <em class="replaceable"><code>user</code></em> after completing
privileged operations, such as creating sockets that
listen on privileged ports.
<p>
On Linux, <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> uses the kernel's
capability mechanism to drop all root privileges
- except the ability to <code class="function">bind()</code> to
+ except the ability to <code class="function">bind(2)</code> to
a
privileged port and set process resource limits.
Unfortunately, this means that the <code class="option">-u</code>
run
on kernel 2.2.18 or later, or kernel 2.3.99-pre3 or
later, since previous kernels did not allow privileges
- to be retained after <code class="function">setuid()</code>.
+ to be retained after <code class="function">setuid(2)</code>.
</p>
</div>
</dd>
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2602971"></a><h2>SIGNALS</h2>
+<a name="id2602716"></a><h2>SIGNALS</h2>
<p>
In routine operation, signals should not be used to control
the nameserver; <span><strong class="command">rndc</strong></span> should be used
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2604250"></a><h2>CONFIGURATION</h2>
+<a name="id2604132"></a><h2>CONFIGURATION</h2>
<p>
The <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> configuration file is too complex
to describe in detail here. A complete description is provided
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2604269"></a><h2>FILES</h2>
+<a name="id2604151"></a><h2>FILES</h2>
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/etc/named.conf</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2604313"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2604195"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><em class="citetitle">RFC 1033</em>,
<em class="citetitle">RFC 1034</em>,
<em class="citetitle">RFC 1035</em>,
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2604364"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
+<a name="id2604246"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
</p>
</div>
- OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
- PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
-->
-<!-- $Id: man.rndc-confgen.html,v 1.2.2.45 2007/05/08 02:30:11 marka Exp $ -->
+<!-- $Id: man.rndc-confgen.html,v 1.2.2.46 2007/05/09 03:33:14 marka Exp $ -->
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">rndc-confgen</code> [<code class="option">-a</code>] [<code class="option">-b <em class="replaceable"><code>keysize</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>keyfile</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-h</code>] [<code class="option">-k <em class="replaceable"><code>keyname</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-p <em class="replaceable"><code>port</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-r <em class="replaceable"><code>randomfile</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-s <em class="replaceable"><code>address</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>chrootdir</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-u <em class="replaceable"><code>user</code></em></code>]</p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2604596"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<a name="id2604622"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">rndc-confgen</strong></span>
generates configuration files
for <span><strong class="command">rndc</strong></span>. It can be used as a
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2604867"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
+<a name="id2604825"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
<dt><span class="term">-a</span></dt>
<dd>
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2605253"></a><h2>EXAMPLES</h2>
+<a name="id2605211"></a><h2>EXAMPLES</h2>
<p>
To allow <span><strong class="command">rndc</strong></span> to be used with
no manual configuration, run
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2606606"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2606565"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">rndc</span>(8)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">rndc.conf</span>(5)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named</span>(8)</span>,
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2606645"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
+<a name="id2606603"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
</p>
</div>
- OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
- PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
-->
-<!-- $Id: man.rndc.conf.html,v 1.2.2.44 2007/05/08 02:30:11 marka Exp $ -->
+<!-- $Id: man.rndc.conf.html,v 1.2.2.45 2007/05/09 03:33:14 marka Exp $ -->
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">rndc.conf</code> </p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2598925"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<a name="id2603458"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p><code class="filename">rndc.conf</code> is the configuration file
for <span><strong class="command">rndc</strong></span>, the BIND 9 name server control
utility. This file has a similar structure and syntax to
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2603808"></a><h2>EXAMPLE</h2>
+<a name="id2603698"></a><h2>EXAMPLE</h2>
<pre class="programlisting">
options {
default-server localhost;
key testkey {
algorithm hmac-md5;
secret "R3HI8P6BKw9ZwXwN3VZKuQ==";
- }
+ };
</pre>
<p>
</p>
A complete <code class="filename">rndc.conf</code> file, including
the
randomly generated key, will be written to the standard
- output. Commented out <code class="option">key</code> and
+ output. Commented-out <code class="option">key</code> and
<code class="option">controls</code> statements for
<code class="filename">named.conf</code> are also printed.
</p>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2604066"></a><h2>NAME SERVER CONFIGURATION</h2>
+<a name="id2603888"></a><h2>NAME SERVER CONFIGURATION</h2>
<p>
The name server must be configured to accept rndc connections and
to recognize the key specified in the <code class="filename">rndc.conf</code>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2604091"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2604391"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">rndc</span>(8)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">rndc-confgen</span>(8)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">mmencode</span>(1)</span>,
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2604130"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
+<a name="id2604429"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
</p>
</div>
- OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
- PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
-->
-<!-- $Id: man.rndc.html,v 1.2.2.43 2007/05/08 02:30:11 marka Exp $ -->
+<!-- $Id: man.rndc.html,v 1.2.2.44 2007/05/09 03:33:14 marka Exp $ -->
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">rndc</code> [<code class="option">-b <em class="replaceable"><code>source-address</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>config-file</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-k <em class="replaceable"><code>key-file</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-s <em class="replaceable"><code>server</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-p <em class="replaceable"><code>port</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-V</code>] [<code class="option">-y <em class="replaceable"><code>key_id</code></em></code>] {command}</p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2603060"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<a name="id2602813"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">rndc</strong></span>
controls the operation of a name
server. It supersedes the <span><strong class="command">ndc</strong></span> utility
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2603110"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
+<a name="id2602864"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
<dt><span class="term">-b <em class="replaceable"><code>source-address</code></em></span></dt>
<dd><p>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2603465"></a><h2>LIMITATIONS</h2>
+<a name="id2603150"></a><h2>LIMITATIONS</h2>
<p><span><strong class="command">rndc</strong></span>
does not yet support all the commands of
the BIND 8 <span><strong class="command">ndc</strong></span> utility.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2603564"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<a name="id2603181"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">rndc.conf</span>(5)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named</span>(8)</span>,
- <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named.conf</span>(5)</span>
+ <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named.conf</span>(5)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">ndc</span>(8)</span>,
<em class="citetitle">BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</em>.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
-<a name="id2603611"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
+<a name="id2603365"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
</p>
</div>
projects / thirdparty / bind9.git / commitdiff
