From: Chet Ramey Date: Tue, 15 Feb 2022 16:52:30 +0000 (-0500) Subject: changes for the shopt compatNN options X-Git-Url: http://git.ipfire.org/gitweb/?a=commitdiff_plain;h=6d69b625471182f226993aa977c9f4c49d9dbba1;p=thirdparty%2Fbash.git changes for the shopt compatNN options --- diff --git a/CWRU/CWRU.chlog b/CWRU/CWRU.chlog index ff9f2a5c5..f54788ff7 100644 --- a/CWRU/CWRU.chlog +++ b/CWRU/CWRU.chlog @@ -3169,3 +3169,18 @@ lib/readline/doc/{rluser.texi,readline.3},doc/bash.1 bindable readline variables - enable-active-region: document using active-region-start-color to highlight the text in the region + + 2/11 + ---- +parse.y + - read_token,read_token_word: make sure characters read by shell_getc + are protected by appropriate calls to MBTEST when testing for shell + metacharacters and operators + + 2/14 + ---- +builtins/shopt.def + - set_compatibility_level: if the current compatibility level is outside + the range of the compatNN options, just leave it alone when + unsetting one of the options (which by definition was already + unset). Fixes issue reported by Mihai Moldovan diff --git a/builtins/shopt.def b/builtins/shopt.def index 52204c7bf..33d61d4c5 100644 --- a/builtins/shopt.def +++ b/builtins/shopt.def @@ -646,9 +646,14 @@ set_compatibility_level (option_name, mode) char *option_name; int mode; { - int ind; + int ind, oldval; char *rhs; + /* If we're unsetting one of the compatibility options, make sure the + current value is in the range of the compatNN space. */ + if (mode == 0) + oldval = shell_compatibility_level; + /* If we're setting something, redo some of the work we did above in toggle_shopt(). Unset everything and reset the appropriate option based on OPTION_NAME. */ @@ -676,6 +681,8 @@ set_compatibility_level (option_name, mode) shell_compatibility_level = 43; else if (shopt_compat44) shell_compatibility_level = 44; + else if (oldval > 44 && shell_compatibility_level < DEFAULT_COMPAT_LEVEL) + ; else shell_compatibility_level = DEFAULT_COMPAT_LEVEL; @@ -698,6 +705,8 @@ set_compatibility_opts () switch (shell_compatibility_level) { case DEFAULT_COMPAT_LEVEL: + case 51: /* completeness */ + case 50: break; case 44: shopt_compat44 = 1; break; diff --git a/doc/bash.0 b/doc/bash.0 index be6122c31..b7368e6d9 100644 --- a/doc/bash.0 +++ b/doc/bash.0 @@ -715,7 +715,7 @@ PPAARRAAMMEETTEERRSS or add to the variable's previous value. This includes arguments to builtin commands such as ddeeccllaarree that accept assignment statements (_d_e_c_l_a_r_a_t_i_o_n commands). When += is applied to a variable for which the - _i_n_t_e_g_e_r attribute has been set, _v_a_l_u_e is evaluated as an arithmetic ex- + iinntteeggeerr attribute has been set, _v_a_l_u_e is evaluated as an arithmetic ex- pression and added to the variable's current value, which is also eval- uated. When += is applied to an array variable using compound assign- ment (see AArrrraayyss below), the variable's value is not unset (as it is @@ -1120,8 +1120,8 @@ PPAARRAAMMEETTEERRSS value that is not one of the valid compatibility levels, the shell prints an error message and sets the compatibility level to the default for the current version. The valid values corre- - spond to the compatibility levels described below under BBSSHHEELLLL-- - COMPATIBILITYMMOODDEE. For example, 4.2 and 42 are valid values + spond to the compatibility levels described below under SSHHEELLLL + CCOOMMPPAATTIIBBIILLIITTYY MMOODDEE. For example, 4.2 and 42 are valid values that correspond to the ccoommppaatt4422 sshhoopptt option and set the compat- ibility level to 42. The current version is also a valid value. BBAASSHH__EENNVV @@ -3276,75 +3276,98 @@ RREEAADDLLIINNEE sitive), and "1" are equivalent to OOnn. All other values are equivalent to OOffff. The variables and their default values are: + aaccttiivvee--rreeggiioonn--ssttaarrtt--ccoolloorr + A string variable that controls the text color and background + when displaying the text in the active region (see the descrip- + tion of eennaabbllee--aaccttiivvee--rreeggiioonn below). This string must not take + up any physical character positions on the display, so it should + consist only of terminal escape sequences. It is output to the + terminal before displaying the text in the active region. This + variable is reset to the default value whenever the terminal + type changes. The default value is the string that puts the + terminal in standout mode, as obtained from the terminal's ter- + minfo description. A sample value might be "\e[01;33m". + aaccttiivvee--rreeggiioonn--eenndd--ccoolloorr + A string variable that "undoes" the effects of aaccttiivvee--rree-- + ggiioonn--ssttaarrtt--ccoolloorr and restores "normal" terminal display appear- + ance after displaying text in the active region. This string + must not take up any physical character positions on the dis- + play, so it should consist only of terminal escape sequences. + It is output to the terminal after displaying the text in the + active region. This variable is reset to the default value + whenever the terminal type changes. The default value is the + string that restores the terminal from standout mode, as ob- + tained from the terminal's terminfo description. A sample value + might be "\e[0m". bbeellll--ssttyyllee ((aauuddiibbllee)) - Controls what happens when readline wants to ring the terminal + Controls what happens when readline wants to ring the terminal bell. If set to nnoonnee, readline never rings the bell. If set to - vviissiibbllee, readline uses a visible bell if one is available. If + vviissiibbllee, readline uses a visible bell if one is available. If set to aauuddiibbllee, readline attempts to ring the terminal's bell. bbiinndd--ttttyy--ssppeecciiaall--cchhaarrss ((OOnn)) - If set to OOnn, readline attempts to bind the control characters + If set to OOnn, readline attempts to bind the control characters treated specially by the kernel's terminal driver to their read- line equivalents. bblliinnkk--mmaattcchhiinngg--ppaarreenn ((OOffff)) If set to OOnn, readline attempts to briefly move the cursor to an opening parenthesis when a closing parenthesis is inserted. ccoolloorreedd--ccoommpplleettiioonn--pprreeffiixx ((OOffff)) - If set to OOnn, when listing completions, readline displays the + If set to OOnn, when listing completions, readline displays the common prefix of the set of possible completions using a differ- - ent color. The color definitions are taken from the value of + ent color. The color definitions are taken from the value of the LLSS__CCOOLLOORRSS environment variable. If there is a color defini- - tion in $$LLSS__CCOOLLOORRSS for the custom suffix "readline-colored-com- - pletion-prefix", readline uses this color for the common prefix + tion in $$LLSS__CCOOLLOORRSS for the custom suffix "readline-colored-com- + pletion-prefix", readline uses this color for the common prefix instead of its default. ccoolloorreedd--ssttaattss ((OOffff)) - If set to OOnn, readline displays possible completions using dif- - ferent colors to indicate their file type. The color defini- - tions are taken from the value of the LLSS__CCOOLLOORRSS environment + If set to OOnn, readline displays possible completions using dif- + ferent colors to indicate their file type. The color defini- + tions are taken from the value of the LLSS__CCOOLLOORRSS environment variable. ccoommmmeenntt--bbeeggiinn ((````##'''')) - The string that is inserted when the readline iinnsseerrtt--ccoommmmeenntt + The string that is inserted when the readline iinnsseerrtt--ccoommmmeenntt command is executed. This command is bound to MM--## in emacs mode and to ## in vi command mode. ccoommpplleettiioonn--ddiissppllaayy--wwiiddtthh ((--11)) - The number of screen columns used to display possible matches - when performing completion. The value is ignored if it is less - than 0 or greater than the terminal screen width. A value of 0 - will cause matches to be displayed one per line. The default + The number of screen columns used to display possible matches + when performing completion. The value is ignored if it is less + than 0 or greater than the terminal screen width. A value of 0 + will cause matches to be displayed one per line. The default value is -1. ccoommpplleettiioonn--iiggnnoorree--ccaassee ((OOffff)) If set to OOnn, readline performs filename matching and completion in a case-insensitive fashion. ccoommpplleettiioonn--mmaapp--ccaassee ((OOffff)) - If set to OOnn, and ccoommpplleettiioonn--iiggnnoorree--ccaassee is enabled, readline - treats hyphens (_-) and underscores (__) as equivalent when per- + If set to OOnn, and ccoommpplleettiioonn--iiggnnoorree--ccaassee is enabled, readline + treats hyphens (_-) and underscores (__) as equivalent when per- forming case-insensitive filename matching and completion. ccoommpplleettiioonn--pprreeffiixx--ddiissppllaayy--lleennggtthh ((00)) - The length in characters of the common prefix of a list of pos- - sible completions that is displayed without modification. When - set to a value greater than zero, common prefixes longer than - this value are replaced with an ellipsis when displaying possi- + The length in characters of the common prefix of a list of pos- + sible completions that is displayed without modification. When + set to a value greater than zero, common prefixes longer than + this value are replaced with an ellipsis when displaying possi- ble completions. ccoommpplleettiioonn--qquueerryy--iitteemmss ((110000)) - This determines when the user is queried about viewing the num- - ber of possible completions generated by the ppoossssiibbllee--ccoommppllee-- - ttiioonnss command. It may be set to any integer value greater than - or equal to zero. If the number of possible completions is - greater than or equal to the value of this variable, readline - will ask whether or not the user wishes to view them; otherwise - they are simply listed on the terminal. A zero value means + This determines when the user is queried about viewing the num- + ber of possible completions generated by the ppoossssiibbllee--ccoommppllee-- + ttiioonnss command. It may be set to any integer value greater than + or equal to zero. If the number of possible completions is + greater than or equal to the value of this variable, readline + will ask whether or not the user wishes to view them; otherwise + they are simply listed on the terminal. A zero value means readline should never ask; negative values are treated as zero. ccoonnvveerrtt--mmeettaa ((OOnn)) - If set to OOnn, readline will convert characters with the eighth + If set to OOnn, readline will convert characters with the eighth bit set to an ASCII key sequence by stripping the eighth bit and - prefixing an escape character (in effect, using escape as the - _m_e_t_a _p_r_e_f_i_x). The default is _O_n, but readline will set it to + prefixing an escape character (in effect, using escape as the + _m_e_t_a _p_r_e_f_i_x). The default is _O_n, but readline will set it to _O_f_f if the locale contains eight-bit characters. ddiissaabbllee--ccoommpplleettiioonn ((OOffff)) If set to OOnn, readline will inhibit word completion. Completion - characters will be inserted into the line as if they had been + characters will be inserted into the line as if they had been mapped to sseellff--iinnsseerrtt. eecchhoo--ccoonnttrrooll--cchhaarraacctteerrss ((OOnn)) - When set to OOnn, on operating systems that indicate they support + When set to OOnn, on operating systems that indicate they support it, readline echoes a character corresponding to a signal gener- ated from the keyboard. eeddiittiinngg--mmooddee ((eemmaaccss)) @@ -3352,24 +3375,25 @@ RREEAADDLLIINNEE ilar to _E_m_a_c_s or _v_i. eeddiittiinngg--mmooddee can be set to either eemmaaccss or vvii. eemmaaccss--mmooddee--ssttrriinngg ((@@)) - If the _s_h_o_w_-_m_o_d_e_-_i_n_-_p_r_o_m_p_t variable is enabled, this string is + If the _s_h_o_w_-_m_o_d_e_-_i_n_-_p_r_o_m_p_t variable is enabled, this string is displayed immediately before the last line of the primary prompt when emacs editing mode is active. The value is expanded like a - key binding, so the standard set of meta- and control prefixes - and backslash escape sequences is available. Use the \1 and \2 - escapes to begin and end sequences of non-printing characters, - which can be used to embed a terminal control sequence into the + key binding, so the standard set of meta- and control prefixes + and backslash escape sequences is available. Use the \1 and \2 + escapes to begin and end sequences of non-printing characters, + which can be used to embed a terminal control sequence into the mode string. eennaabbllee--aaccttiivvee--rreeggiioonn ((OOnn)) - The _p_o_i_n_t is the current cursor position, and _m_a_r_k refers to a - saved cursor position. The text between the point and mark is - referred to as the _r_e_g_i_o_n. When this variable is set to _O_n, - readline allows certain commands to designate the region as _a_c_- - _t_i_v_e. When the region is active, readline highlights the text - in the region using the terminal's standout mode. The active - region shows the text inserted by bracketed-paste and any match- - ing text found by incremental and non-incremental history - searches. + The _p_o_i_n_t is the current cursor position, and _m_a_r_k refers to a + saved cursor position. The text between the point and mark is + referred to as the _r_e_g_i_o_n. When this variable is set to _O_n, + readline allows certain commands to designate the region as _a_c_- + _t_i_v_e. When the region is active, readline highlights the text + in the region using the value of the aaccttiivvee--rreeggiioonn--ssttaarrtt--ccoolloorr, + which defaults to the string that enables the terminal's stand- + out mode. The active region shows the text inserted by brack- + eted-paste and any matching text found by incremental and non- + incremental history searches. eennaabbllee--bbrraacckkeetteedd--ppaassttee ((OOnn)) When set to OOnn, readline will configure the terminal in a way that will enable it to insert each paste into the editing buffer @@ -6335,14 +6359,14 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS exit status of the last process or job waited for. SSHHEELLLL CCOOMMPPAATTIIBBIILLIITTYY MMOODDEE - Bash-4.0 introduced the concept of a `shell compatibility level', spec- - ified as a set of options to the shopt builtin ccoommppaatt3311, ccoommppaatt3322, ccoomm-- - ppaatt4400, ccoommppaatt4411, and so on). There is only one current compatibility - level -- each option is mutually exclusive. The compatibility level is - intended to allow users to select behavior from previous versions that - is incompatible with newer versions while they migrate scripts to use - current features and behavior. It's intended to be a temporary solu- - tion. + Bash-4.0 introduced the concept of a _s_h_e_l_l _c_o_m_p_a_t_i_b_i_l_i_t_y _l_e_v_e_l, speci- + fied as a set of options to the shopt builtin ( ccoommppaatt3311, ccoommppaatt3322, + ccoommppaatt4400, ccoommppaatt4411, and so on). There is only one current compatibil- + ity level -- each option is mutually exclusive. The compatibility + level is intended to allow users to select behavior from previous ver- + sions that is incompatible with newer versions while they migrate + scripts to use current features and behavior. It's intended to be a + temporary solution. This section does not mention behavior that is standard for a particu- lar version (e.g., setting ccoommppaatt3322 means that quoting the rhs of the @@ -6607,4 +6631,4 @@ BBUUGGSS -GNU Bash 5.2 2022 January 17 BASH(1) +GNU Bash 5.2 2022 February 10 BASH(1) diff --git a/doc/bash.1 b/doc/bash.1 index cab700364..02f24b24e 100644 --- a/doc/bash.1 +++ b/doc/bash.1 @@ -5918,7 +5918,7 @@ The variables and their default values are: .PP .PD 0 .TP -.B active-region-start-color +.B active\-region\-start\-color A string variable that controls the text color and background when displaying the text in the active region (see the description of \fBenable\-active\-region\fP below). @@ -5928,10 +5928,10 @@ It is output to the terminal before displaying the text in the active region. This variable is reset to the default value whenever the terminal type changes. The default value is the string that puts the terminal in standout mode, as obtained from the terminal's terminfo description. -A sample value might be \f(CW\ee[01;33m\fP. +A sample value might be \f(CW"\ee[01;33m"\fP. .TP -.B active-region-end-color -A string variable that "undoes" the effects of \fBactive-region-start-color\fP +.B active\-region\-end\-color +A string variable that "undoes" the effects of \fBactive\-region\-start\-color\fP and restores "normal" terminal display appearance after displaying text in the active region. This string must not take up any physical character positions on the display, @@ -5940,7 +5940,7 @@ It is output to the terminal after displaying the text in the active region. This variable is reset to the default value whenever the terminal type changes. The default value is the string that restores the terminal from standout mode, as obtained from the terminal's terminfo description. -A sample value might be \f(CW\ee[0m\fP. +A sample value might be \f(CW"\ee[0m"\fP. .TP .B bell\-style (audible) Controls what happens when readline wants to ring the terminal bell. diff --git a/doc/bash.html b/doc/bash.html index 1705fdc7d..04e8841ea 100644 --- a/doc/bash.html +++ b/doc/bash.html @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ -
BASH(1)2022 January 17BASH(1) +BASH(1)2022 February 10BASH(1)

Index @@ -1680,7 +1680,7 @@ to a shell variable or array index, the += operator can be used to append to or add to the variable's previous value. This includes arguments to builtin commands such as declare that accept assignment statements (declaration commands). -When += is applied to a variable for which the integer attribute has been +When += is applied to a variable for which the integer attribute has been set, value is evaluated as an arithmetic expression and added to the variable's current value, which is also evaluated. When += is applied to an array variable using compound assignment (see @@ -2660,7 +2660,7 @@ compatibility levels, the shell prints an error message and sets the compatibility level to the default for the current version. The valid values correspond to the compatibility levels described below under -BSHELLCOMPATIBILITYMODE. +SHELL COMPATIBILITY MODE. For example, 4.2 and 42 are valid values that correspond @@ -7536,6 +7536,32 @@ The variables and their default values are:
+
active-region-start-color + +
+A string variable that controls the text color and background when displaying +the text in the active region (see the description of +enable-active-region below). +This string must not take up any physical character positions on the display, +so it should consist only of terminal escape sequences. +It is output to the terminal before displaying the text in the active region. +This variable is reset to the default value whenever the terminal type changes. +The default value is the string that puts the terminal in standout mode, +as obtained from the terminal's terminfo description. +A sample value might be "\e[01;33m". +
active-region-end-color + +
+A string variable that "undoes" the effects of active-region-start-color +and restores "normal" terminal display appearance after displaying text +in the active region. +This string must not take up any physical character positions on the display, +so it should consist only of terminal escape sequences. +It is output to the terminal after displaying the text in the active region. +This variable is reset to the default value whenever the terminal type changes. +The default value is the string that restores the terminal from standout mode, +as obtained from the terminal's terminfo description. +A sample value might be "\e[0m".
bell-style (audible)
@@ -7679,6 +7705,8 @@ The text between the point and mark is referred to as the region. When this variable is set to On, readline allows certain commands to designate the region as active. When the region is active, readline highlights the text in the region using +the value of the active-region-start-color, which defaults to the +string that enables the terminal's standout mode. The active region shows the text inserted by bracketed-paste and any matching text found by incremental and non-incremental history searches. @@ -14088,8 +14116,8 @@ process or job waited for.  

SHELL COMPATIBILITY MODE

-Bash-4.0 introduced the concept of a `shell compatibility level', specified -as a set of options to the shopt builtin +Bash-4.0 introduced the concept of a shell compatibility level, +specified as a set of options to the shopt builtin ( compat31, compat32, @@ -14626,7 +14654,7 @@ There may be only one active coprocess at a time.
-
GNU Bash 5.22022 January 17BASH(1) +GNU Bash 5.22022 February 10BASH(1)
@@ -14733,6 +14761,6 @@ There may be only one active coprocess at a time.
This document was created by man2html from bash.1.
-Time: 18 January 2022 10:57:39 EST +Time: 11 February 2022 09:18:02 EST diff --git a/doc/bash.info b/doc/bash.info index be07096fa..fcc7bbcf5 100644 --- a/doc/bash.info +++ b/doc/bash.info @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ This is bash.info, produced by makeinfo version 6.8 from bashref.texi. This text is a brief description of the features that are present in the -Bash shell (version 5.2, 17 January 2022). +Bash shell (version 5.2, 5 February 2022). - This is Edition 5.2, last updated 17 January 2022, of 'The GNU Bash + This is Edition 5.2, last updated 5 February 2022, of 'The GNU Bash Reference Manual', for 'Bash', Version 5.2. - Copyright (C) 1988-2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + Copyright (C) 1988-2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, @@ -26,10 +26,10 @@ Bash Features ************* This text is a brief description of the features that are present in the -Bash shell (version 5.2, 17 January 2022). The Bash home page is +Bash shell (version 5.2, 5 February 2022). The Bash home page is . - This is Edition 5.2, last updated 17 January 2022, of 'The GNU Bash + This is Edition 5.2, last updated 5 February 2022, of 'The GNU Bash Reference Manual', for 'Bash', Version 5.2. Bash contains features that appear in other popular shells, and some @@ -7028,73 +7028,80 @@ startup files. 7. Reserved words appearing in a context where reserved words are recognized do not undergo alias expansion. - 8. The POSIX 'PS1' and 'PS2' expansions of '!' to the history number + 8. Alias expansion is performed when initially parsing a command + substitution. The default mode generally defers it, when enabled, + until the command substitution is executed. This means that + command substitution will not expand aliases that are defined after + the command substitution is initially parsed (e.g., as part of a + function definition). + + 9. The POSIX 'PS1' and 'PS2' expansions of '!' to the history number and '!!' to '!' are enabled, and parameter expansion is performed on the values of 'PS1' and 'PS2' regardless of the setting of the 'promptvars' option. - 9. The POSIX startup files are executed ('$ENV') rather than the + 10. The POSIX startup files are executed ('$ENV') rather than the normal Bash files. - 10. Tilde expansion is only performed on assignments preceding a + 11. Tilde expansion is only performed on assignments preceding a command name, rather than on all assignment statements on the line. - 11. The default history file is '~/.sh_history' (this is the default + 12. The default history file is '~/.sh_history' (this is the default value of '$HISTFILE'). - 12. Redirection operators do not perform filename expansion on the + 13. Redirection operators do not perform filename expansion on the word in the redirection unless the shell is interactive. - 13. Redirection operators do not perform word splitting on the word in + 14. Redirection operators do not perform word splitting on the word in the redirection. - 14. Function names must be valid shell 'name's. That is, they may not + 15. Function names must be valid shell 'name's. That is, they may not contain characters other than letters, digits, and underscores, and may not start with a digit. Declaring a function with an invalid name causes a fatal syntax error in non-interactive shells. - 15. Function names may not be the same as one of the POSIX special + 16. Function names may not be the same as one of the POSIX special builtins. - 16. POSIX special builtins are found before shell functions during + 17. POSIX special builtins are found before shell functions during command lookup. - 17. When printing shell function definitions (e.g., by 'type'), Bash + 18. When printing shell function definitions (e.g., by 'type'), Bash does not print the 'function' keyword. - 18. Literal tildes that appear as the first character in elements of + 19. Literal tildes that appear as the first character in elements of the 'PATH' variable are not expanded as described above under *note Tilde Expansion::. - 19. The 'time' reserved word may be used by itself as a command. When + 20. The 'time' reserved word may be used by itself as a command. When used in this way, it displays timing statistics for the shell and its completed children. The 'TIMEFORMAT' variable controls the format of the timing information. - 20. When parsing and expanding a ${...} expansion that appears within + 21. When parsing and expanding a ${...} expansion that appears within double quotes, single quotes are no longer special and cannot be used to quote a closing brace or other special character, unless the operator is one of those defined to perform pattern removal. In this case, they do not have to appear as matched pairs. - 21. The parser does not recognize 'time' as a reserved word if the + 22. The parser does not recognize 'time' as a reserved word if the next token begins with a '-'. - 22. The '!' character does not introduce history expansion within a + 23. The '!' character does not introduce history expansion within a double-quoted string, even if the 'histexpand' option is enabled. - 23. If a POSIX special builtin returns an error status, a + 24. If a POSIX special builtin returns an error status, a non-interactive shell exits. The fatal errors are those listed in the POSIX standard, and include things like passing incorrect options, redirection errors, variable assignment errors for assignments preceding the command name, and so on. - 24. A non-interactive shell exits with an error status if a variable + 25. A non-interactive shell exits with an error status if a variable assignment error occurs when no command name follows the assignment statements. A variable assignment error occurs, for example, when trying to assign a value to a readonly variable. - 25. A non-interactive shell exits with an error status if a variable + 26. A non-interactive shell exits with an error status if a variable assignment error occurs in an assignment statement preceding a special builtin, but not with any other simple command. For any other simple command, the shell aborts execution of that command, @@ -7102,133 +7109,133 @@ startup files. perform any further processing of the command in which the error occurred"). - 26. A non-interactive shell exits with an error status if the + 27. A non-interactive shell exits with an error status if the iteration variable in a 'for' statement or the selection variable in a 'select' statement is a readonly variable. - 27. Non-interactive shells exit if FILENAME in '.' FILENAME is not + 28. Non-interactive shells exit if FILENAME in '.' FILENAME is not found. - 28. Non-interactive shells exit if a syntax error in an arithmetic + 29. Non-interactive shells exit if a syntax error in an arithmetic expansion results in an invalid expression. - 29. Non-interactive shells exit if a parameter expansion error occurs. + 30. Non-interactive shells exit if a parameter expansion error occurs. - 30. Non-interactive shells exit if there is a syntax error in a script + 31. Non-interactive shells exit if there is a syntax error in a script read with the '.' or 'source' builtins, or in a string processed by the 'eval' builtin. - 31. While variable indirection is available, it may not be applied to + 32. While variable indirection is available, it may not be applied to the '#' and '?' special parameters. - 32. When expanding the '*' special parameter in a pattern context + 33. When expanding the '*' special parameter in a pattern context where the expansion is double-quoted does not treat the '$*' as if it were double-quoted. - 33. Assignment statements preceding POSIX special builtins persist in + 34. Assignment statements preceding POSIX special builtins persist in the shell environment after the builtin completes. - 34. The 'command' builtin does not prevent builtins that take + 35. The 'command' builtin does not prevent builtins that take assignment statements as arguments from expanding them as assignment statements; when not in POSIX mode, assignment builtins lose their assignment statement expansion properties when preceded by 'command'. - 35. The 'bg' builtin uses the required format to describe each job + 36. The 'bg' builtin uses the required format to describe each job placed in the background, which does not include an indication of whether the job is the current or previous job. - 36. The output of 'kill -l' prints all the signal names on a single + 37. The output of 'kill -l' prints all the signal names on a single line, separated by spaces, without the 'SIG' prefix. - 37. The 'kill' builtin does not accept signal names with a 'SIG' + 38. The 'kill' builtin does not accept signal names with a 'SIG' prefix. - 38. The 'export' and 'readonly' builtin commands display their output + 39. The 'export' and 'readonly' builtin commands display their output in the format required by POSIX. - 39. The 'trap' builtin displays signal names without the leading + 40. The 'trap' builtin displays signal names without the leading 'SIG'. - 40. The 'trap' builtin doesn't check the first argument for a possible + 41. The 'trap' builtin doesn't check the first argument for a possible signal specification and revert the signal handling to the original disposition if it is, unless that argument consists solely of digits and is a valid signal number. If users want to reset the handler for a given signal to the original disposition, they should use '-' as the first argument. - 41. 'trap -p' displays signals whose dispositions are set to SIG_DFL + 42. 'trap -p' displays signals whose dispositions are set to SIG_DFL and those that were ignored when the shell started. - 42. The '.' and 'source' builtins do not search the current directory + 43. The '.' and 'source' builtins do not search the current directory for the filename argument if it is not found by searching 'PATH'. - 43. Enabling POSIX mode has the effect of setting the + 44. Enabling POSIX mode has the effect of setting the 'inherit_errexit' option, so subshells spawned to execute command substitutions inherit the value of the '-e' option from the parent shell. When the 'inherit_errexit' option is not enabled, Bash clears the '-e' option in such subshells. - 44. Enabling POSIX mode has the effect of setting the 'shift_verbose' + 45. Enabling POSIX mode has the effect of setting the 'shift_verbose' option, so numeric arguments to 'shift' that exceed the number of positional parameters will result in an error message. - 45. When the 'alias' builtin displays alias definitions, it does not + 46. When the 'alias' builtin displays alias definitions, it does not display them with a leading 'alias ' unless the '-p' option is supplied. - 46. When the 'set' builtin is invoked without options, it does not + 47. When the 'set' builtin is invoked without options, it does not display shell function names and definitions. - 47. When the 'set' builtin is invoked without options, it displays + 48. When the 'set' builtin is invoked without options, it displays variable values without quotes, unless they contain shell metacharacters, even if the result contains nonprinting characters. - 48. When the 'cd' builtin is invoked in logical mode, and the pathname + 49. When the 'cd' builtin is invoked in logical mode, and the pathname constructed from '$PWD' and the directory name supplied as an argument does not refer to an existing directory, 'cd' will fail instead of falling back to physical mode. - 49. When the 'cd' builtin cannot change a directory because the length + 50. When the 'cd' builtin cannot change a directory because the length of the pathname constructed from '$PWD' and the directory name supplied as an argument exceeds 'PATH_MAX' when all symbolic links are expanded, 'cd' will fail instead of attempting to use only the supplied directory name. - 50. The 'pwd' builtin verifies that the value it prints is the same as + 51. The 'pwd' builtin verifies that the value it prints is the same as the current directory, even if it is not asked to check the file system with the '-P' option. - 51. When listing the history, the 'fc' builtin does not include an + 52. When listing the history, the 'fc' builtin does not include an indication of whether or not a history entry has been modified. - 52. The default editor used by 'fc' is 'ed'. + 53. The default editor used by 'fc' is 'ed'. - 53. The 'type' and 'command' builtins will not report a non-executable + 54. The 'type' and 'command' builtins will not report a non-executable file as having been found, though the shell will attempt to execute such a file if it is the only so-named file found in '$PATH'. - 54. The 'vi' editing mode will invoke the 'vi' editor directly when + 55. The 'vi' editing mode will invoke the 'vi' editor directly when the 'v' command is run, instead of checking '$VISUAL' and '$EDITOR'. - 55. When the 'xpg_echo' option is enabled, Bash does not attempt to + 56. When the 'xpg_echo' option is enabled, Bash does not attempt to interpret any arguments to 'echo' as options. Each argument is displayed, after escape characters are converted. - 56. The 'ulimit' builtin uses a block size of 512 bytes for the '-c' + 57. The 'ulimit' builtin uses a block size of 512 bytes for the '-c' and '-f' options. - 57. The arrival of 'SIGCHLD' when a trap is set on 'SIGCHLD' does not + 58. The arrival of 'SIGCHLD' when a trap is set on 'SIGCHLD' does not interrupt the 'wait' builtin and cause it to return immediately. The trap command is run once for each child that exits. - 58. The 'read' builtin may be interrupted by a signal for which a trap + 59. The 'read' builtin may be interrupted by a signal for which a trap has been set. If Bash receives a trapped signal while executing 'read', the trap handler executes and 'read' returns an exit status greater than 128. - 59. Bash removes an exited background process's status from the list + 60. Bash removes an exited background process's status from the list of such statuses after the 'wait' builtin is used to obtain it. There is other POSIX behavior that Bash does not implement by default @@ -7251,7 +7258,7 @@ File: bash.info, Node: Shell Compatibility Mode, Prev: Bash POSIX Mode, Up: B 6.12 Shell Compatibility Mode ============================= -Bash-4.0 introduced the concept of a 'shell compatibility level', +Bash-4.0 introduced the concept of a "shell compatibility level", specified as a set of options to the shopt builtin ('compat31', 'compat32', 'compat40', 'compat41', and so on). There is only one current compatibility level - each option is mutually exclusive. The @@ -8001,6 +8008,32 @@ Variable Settings A great deal of run-time behavior is changeable with the following variables. + 'active-region-start-color' + A string variable that controls the text color and background + when displaying the text in the active region (see the + description of 'enable-active-region' below). This string + must not take up any physical character positions on the + display, so it should consist only of terminal escape + sequences. It is output to the terminal before displaying the + text in the active region. This variable is reset to the + default value whenever the terminal type changes. The default + value is the string that puts the terminal in standout mode, + as obtained from the terminal's terminfo description. A + sample value might be '\e[01;33m'. + + 'active-region-end-color' + A string variable that "undoes" the effects of + 'active-region-start-color' and restores "normal" terminal + display appearance after displaying text in the active region. + This string must not take up any physical character positions + on the display, so it should consist only of terminal escape + sequences. It is output to the terminal after displaying the + text in the active region. This variable is reset to the + default value whenever the terminal type changes. The default + value is the string that restores the terminal from standout + mode, as obtained from the terminal's terminfo description. A + sample value might be '\e[0m'. + 'bell-style' Controls what happens when Readline wants to ring the terminal bell. If set to 'none', Readline never rings the bell. If @@ -8116,10 +8149,11 @@ Variable Settings "region". When this variable is set to 'On', Readline allows certain commands to designate the region as "active". When the region is active, Readline highlights the text in the - region using the terminal's standout mode. The active region - shows the text inserted by bracketed-paste and any matching - text found by incremental and non-incremental history - searches. The default is 'On'. + region using the value of the 'active-region-start-color', + which defaults to the string that enables the terminal's + standout mode. The active region shows the text inserted by + bracketed-paste and any matching text found by incremental and + non-incremental history searches. The default is 'On'. 'enable-bracketed-paste' When set to 'On', Readline will configure the terminal in a @@ -11855,6 +11889,10 @@ D.3 Parameter and Variable Index * ?: Special Parameters. (line 42) * @: Special Parameters. (line 22) * _: Bash Variables. (line 13) +* active-region-end-color: Readline Init File Syntax. + (line 51) +* active-region-start-color: Readline Init File Syntax. + (line 38) * auto_resume: Job Control Variables. (line 6) * BASH: Bash Variables. (line 23) @@ -11878,31 +11916,31 @@ D.3 Parameter and Variable Index * BASH_VERSION: Bash Variables. (line 181) * BASH_XTRACEFD: Bash Variables. (line 184) * bell-style: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 38) + (line 64) * bind-tty-special-chars: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 45) + (line 71) * blink-matching-paren: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 50) + (line 76) * CDPATH: Bourne Shell Variables. (line 9) * CHILD_MAX: Bash Variables. (line 195) * colored-completion-prefix: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 55) + (line 81) * colored-stats: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 65) + (line 91) * COLUMNS: Bash Variables. (line 202) * comment-begin: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 71) + (line 97) * completion-display-width: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 76) + (line 102) * completion-ignore-case: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 83) + (line 109) * completion-map-case: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 88) + (line 114) * completion-prefix-display-length: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 94) + (line 120) * completion-query-items: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 101) + (line 127) * COMPREPLY: Bash Variables. (line 254) * COMP_CWORD: Bash Variables. (line 208) * COMP_KEY: Bash Variables. (line 237) @@ -11912,31 +11950,31 @@ D.3 Parameter and Variable Index * COMP_WORDBREAKS: Bash Variables. (line 241) * COMP_WORDS: Bash Variables. (line 247) * convert-meta: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 112) + (line 138) * COPROC: Bash Variables. (line 260) * DIRSTACK: Bash Variables. (line 264) * disable-completion: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 120) + (line 146) * echo-control-characters: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 125) + (line 151) * editing-mode: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 130) + (line 156) * EMACS: Bash Variables. (line 274) * emacs-mode-string: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 136) + (line 162) * enable-active-region: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 146) + (line 172) * enable-bracketed-paste: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 158) + (line 185) * enable-keypad: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 166) + (line 193) * ENV: Bash Variables. (line 279) * EPOCHREALTIME: Bash Variables. (line 284) * EPOCHSECONDS: Bash Variables. (line 292) * EUID: Bash Variables. (line 299) * EXECIGNORE: Bash Variables. (line 303) * expand-tilde: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 177) + (line 204) * FCEDIT: Bash Variables. (line 316) * FIGNORE: Bash Variables. (line 320) * FUNCNAME: Bash Variables. (line 326) @@ -11950,15 +11988,15 @@ D.3 Parameter and Variable Index * HISTFILESIZE: Bash Variables. (line 402) * HISTIGNORE: Bash Variables. (line 413) * history-preserve-point: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 181) + (line 208) * history-size: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 187) + (line 214) * HISTSIZE: Bash Variables. (line 433) * HISTTIMEFORMAT: Bash Variables. (line 440) * HOME: Bourne Shell Variables. (line 13) * horizontal-scroll-mode: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 196) + (line 223) * HOSTFILE: Bash Variables. (line 448) * HOSTNAME: Bash Variables. (line 459) * HOSTTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 462) @@ -11966,13 +12004,13 @@ D.3 Parameter and Variable Index (line 18) * IGNOREEOF: Bash Variables. (line 465) * input-meta: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 205) + (line 232) * INPUTRC: Bash Variables. (line 475) * INSIDE_EMACS: Bash Variables. (line 479) * isearch-terminators: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 213) + (line 240) * keymap: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 220) + (line 247) * LANG: Creating Internationalized Scripts. (line 51) * LANG <1>: Bash Variables. (line 485) @@ -11994,15 +12032,15 @@ D.3 Parameter and Variable Index (line 27) * MAPFILE: Bash Variables. (line 540) * mark-modified-lines: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 250) + (line 277) * mark-symlinked-directories: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 255) + (line 282) * match-hidden-files: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 260) + (line 287) * menu-complete-display-prefix: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 267) + (line 294) * meta-flag: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 205) + (line 232) * OLDPWD: Bash Variables. (line 544) * OPTARG: Bourne Shell Variables. (line 34) @@ -12011,9 +12049,9 @@ D.3 Parameter and Variable Index (line 38) * OSTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 551) * output-meta: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 272) + (line 299) * page-completions: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 278) + (line 305) * PATH: Bourne Shell Variables. (line 42) * PIPESTATUS: Bash Variables. (line 554) @@ -12036,19 +12074,19 @@ D.3 Parameter and Variable Index * READLINE_POINT: Bash Variables. (line 626) * REPLY: Bash Variables. (line 630) * revert-all-at-newline: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 288) + (line 315) * SECONDS: Bash Variables. (line 633) * SHELL: Bash Variables. (line 642) * SHELLOPTS: Bash Variables. (line 647) * SHLVL: Bash Variables. (line 656) * show-all-if-ambiguous: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 294) + (line 321) * show-all-if-unmodified: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 300) + (line 327) * show-mode-in-prompt: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 309) + (line 336) * skip-completed-text: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 315) + (line 342) * SRANDOM: Bash Variables. (line 661) * TEXTDOMAIN: Creating Internationalized Scripts. (line 51) @@ -12059,11 +12097,11 @@ D.3 Parameter and Variable Index * TMPDIR: Bash Variables. (line 720) * UID: Bash Variables. (line 724) * vi-cmd-mode-string: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 328) + (line 355) * vi-ins-mode-string: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 339) + (line 366) * visible-stats: Readline Init File Syntax. - (line 350) + (line 377)  File: bash.info, Node: Function Index, Next: Concept Index, Prev: Variable Index, Up: Indexes @@ -12519,61 +12557,61 @@ Node: Directory Stack Builtins288570 Node: Controlling the Prompt292827 Node: The Restricted Shell295789 Node: Bash POSIX Mode298396 -Node: Shell Compatibility Mode309666 -Node: Job Control317692 -Node: Job Control Basics318149 -Node: Job Control Builtins323148 -Node: Job Control Variables328545 -Node: Command Line Editing329698 -Node: Introduction and Notation331366 -Node: Readline Interaction332986 -Node: Readline Bare Essentials334174 -Node: Readline Movement Commands335954 -Node: Readline Killing Commands336911 -Node: Readline Arguments338826 -Node: Searching339867 -Node: Readline Init File342050 -Node: Readline Init File Syntax343308 -Node: Conditional Init Constructs364793 -Node: Sample Init File368986 -Node: Bindable Readline Commands372107 -Node: Commands For Moving373308 -Node: Commands For History375356 -Node: Commands For Text380347 -Node: Commands For Killing383993 -Node: Numeric Arguments387023 -Node: Commands For Completion388159 -Node: Keyboard Macros392347 -Node: Miscellaneous Commands393031 -Node: Readline vi Mode398967 -Node: Programmable Completion399871 -Node: Programmable Completion Builtins407648 -Node: A Programmable Completion Example418340 -Node: Using History Interactively423584 -Node: Bash History Facilities424265 -Node: Bash History Builtins427267 -Node: History Interaction432272 -Node: Event Designators435889 -Node: Word Designators437240 -Node: Modifiers438997 -Node: Installing Bash440805 -Node: Basic Installation441939 -Node: Compilers and Options445658 -Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures446396 -Node: Installation Names448086 -Node: Specifying the System Type450192 -Node: Sharing Defaults450905 -Node: Operation Controls451575 -Node: Optional Features452530 -Node: Reporting Bugs463745 -Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell465017 -Node: GNU Free Documentation License481864 -Node: Indexes507038 -Node: Builtin Index507489 -Node: Reserved Word Index514313 -Node: Variable Index516758 -Node: Function Index533247 -Node: Concept Index547028 +Node: Shell Compatibility Mode310043 +Node: Job Control318069 +Node: Job Control Basics318526 +Node: Job Control Builtins323525 +Node: Job Control Variables328922 +Node: Command Line Editing330075 +Node: Introduction and Notation331743 +Node: Readline Interaction333363 +Node: Readline Bare Essentials334551 +Node: Readline Movement Commands336331 +Node: Readline Killing Commands337288 +Node: Readline Arguments339203 +Node: Searching340244 +Node: Readline Init File342427 +Node: Readline Init File Syntax343685 +Node: Conditional Init Constructs366808 +Node: Sample Init File371001 +Node: Bindable Readline Commands374122 +Node: Commands For Moving375323 +Node: Commands For History377371 +Node: Commands For Text382362 +Node: Commands For Killing386008 +Node: Numeric Arguments389038 +Node: Commands For Completion390174 +Node: Keyboard Macros394362 +Node: Miscellaneous Commands395046 +Node: Readline vi Mode400982 +Node: Programmable Completion401886 +Node: Programmable Completion Builtins409663 +Node: A Programmable Completion Example420355 +Node: Using History Interactively425599 +Node: Bash History Facilities426280 +Node: Bash History Builtins429282 +Node: History Interaction434287 +Node: Event Designators437904 +Node: Word Designators439255 +Node: Modifiers441012 +Node: Installing Bash442820 +Node: Basic Installation443954 +Node: Compilers and Options447673 +Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures448411 +Node: Installation Names450101 +Node: Specifying the System Type452207 +Node: Sharing Defaults452920 +Node: Operation Controls453590 +Node: Optional Features454545 +Node: Reporting Bugs465760 +Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell467032 +Node: GNU Free Documentation License483879 +Node: Indexes509053 +Node: Builtin Index509504 +Node: Reserved Word Index516328 +Node: Variable Index518773 +Node: Function Index535544 +Node: Concept Index549325  End Tag Table diff --git a/doc/bash.ps b/doc/bash.ps index e101396c5..d2ec940f4 100644 --- a/doc/bash.ps +++ b/doc/bash.ps @@ -1,13 +1,13 @@ %!PS-Adobe-3.0 %%Creator: groff version 1.22.4 -%%CreationDate: Tue Jan 18 10:57:19 2022 +%%CreationDate: Fri Feb 11 09:17:45 2022 %%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Roman %%+ font Times-Bold %%+ font Times-Italic %%+ font Courier %%+ font Symbol %%DocumentSuppliedResources: procset grops 1.22 4 -%%Pages: 86 +%%Pages: 87 %%PageOrder: Ascend %%DocumentMedia: Default 612 792 0 () () %%Orientation: Portrait @@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ F .475(xtended deb)-.15 F(ug-)-.2 E (~/.bashr)3.598 E(c)-.37 E F0 1.598(if the)4.408 F(shell is interacti) 144 710.4 Q .3 -.15(ve \()-.25 H(see).15 E F4(INV)2.5 E(OCA)-.405 E 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All).15 F(tok)5.299 E 2.799(ens in the e)-.1 F 2.799(xpression under)-.15 F(go)-.18 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q -(2022 January 17)141.79 E(26)190.95 E 0 Cg EP +(2022 February 10)139.29 E(26)188.45 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 27 27 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -3644,7 +3644,7 @@ F 1.041(ut in other)-.2 F .132(matching conte)108 674.4 R .132 F F3(pattern)3.811 E F0 5.061(.I).24 G(f)-5.061 E F1(GLO-)2.561 E (BIGNORE)108 727.2 Q F0 2.015(is set, each matching \214le name that al\ so matches one of the patterns in)4.264 F F1(GLOBIGNORE)4.515 E F0(is) -4.265 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 January 17)141.79 E(27)190.95 E 0 Cg +4.265 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(27)188.45 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 28 28 %%BeginPageSetup @@ -3763,8 +3763,8 @@ E F1([)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F1(])2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(he syntax)-2.5 E F1([.) (Matches one or more occurrences of the gi)180 690 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5 (np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(@\()144 702 Q F4(pattern-list).833 E F1(\)) .833 E F0(Matches one of the gi)180 714 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G -(atterns)-2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 January 17)141.79 E(28)190.95 -E 0 Cg EP +(atterns)-2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(28) +188.45 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 29 29 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -3874,7 +3874,7 @@ E F2(fd)A F0(If)180 667.2 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(is a v)2.5 E(alid inte)-.25 E (is duplicated.)2.5 E F1(/de)144 679.2 Q(v/stdin)-.15 E F0 (File descriptor 0 is duplicated.)180 691.2 Q F1(/de)144 703.2 Q (v/stdout)-.15 E F0(File descriptor 1 is duplicated.)180 715.2 Q -(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 January 17)141.79 E(29)190.95 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(29)188.45 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 30 30 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -3966,7 +3966,7 @@ F1(Duplicating File Descriptors)2.5 E F0(belo)2.5 E \214le descriptor 1\) and the standard error output \(\214le descrip-) -.25 F(tor 2\) to be appended to the \214le whose name is the e)108 715.2 Q(xpansion of)-.15 E F2(wor)2.84 E(d)-.37 E F0(.).77 E -(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 January 17)141.79 E(30)190.95 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(30)188.45 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 31 31 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -4060,7 +4060,7 @@ E(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.974 G .704(luates to).25 F F13.204 E F0 (he standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) if)-3.018 F F2(n)3.017 E F0 .517(is not speci-)3.017 F(\214ed.)108 724.8 Q F2(digit)5 E F0 (is closed after being duplicated to)2.5 E F2(n)2.5 E F0(.)A -(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 January 17)141.79 E(31)190.95 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(31)188.45 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 32 32 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -4192,7 +4192,7 @@ R F2(#)3.033 E F0 .532(is updated to re\215ect the change.)3.033 F .532 108 722.4 S 1.616(iltin \(in which case all functions inherit the).2 F F2(DEB)4.116 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)4.116 E F2(RETURN)4.116 E F0 1.616 (traps\), and the)4.116 F F4(ERR)4.116 E F0 1.616(trap is not)3.866 F -(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 January 17)141.79 E(32)190.95 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(32)188.45 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 33 33 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -4321,7 +4321,7 @@ E F1A F0 -.25(va)144 672 S (riable post-increment and post-decrement).25 E F1 2.5108 684 S F0 (unary minus and plus)144 684 Q F1(++)108 696 Q F2(id)A F12.5 E F2 (id)A F0 -.25(va)144 708 S(riable pre-increment and pre-decrement).25 E -(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 January 17)141.79 E(33)190.95 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(33)188.45 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 34 34 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -4423,7 +4423,7 @@ Q 1.095(When used with)108 694.8 R F1([[)3.595 E F0 3.595(,t)C(he)-3.595 E F1(<)3.595 E F0(and)3.595 E F1(>)3.595 E F0 1.095(operators sort le) 3.595 F 1.095(xicographically using the current locale.)-.15 F(The)6.096 E F1(test)3.596 E F0(com-)3.596 E(mand sorts using ASCII ordering.)108 -706.8 Q(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 January 17)141.79 E(34)190.95 E 0 Cg +706.8 Q(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(34)188.45 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 35 35 %%BeginPageSetup @@ -4514,7 +4514,7 @@ F0(sorts before)2.5 E F2(string2)2.5 E F0(le)2.5 E(xicographically)-.15 E(.)-.65 E F2(string1)108 679.2 Q F1(>)2.5 E F2(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35 (Tr)144 691.2 S(ue if).35 E F2(string1)2.5 E F0(sorts after)2.5 E F2 (string2)2.5 E F0(le)2.5 E(xicographically)-.15 E(.)-.65 E(GNU Bash 5.2) -72 768 Q(2022 January 17)141.79 E(35)190.95 E 0 Cg EP +72 768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(35)188.45 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 36 36 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -4639,7 +4639,7 @@ ful, or if the command name contains one or more slashes, the shell e) 722.4 R F1 .143(shell script)2.643 F F0 2.643(,a\214)C .143 (le containing shell commands, and the shell creates a ne)-2.643 F 2.643 (wi)-.25 G .143(nstance of itself to)-2.643 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q -(2022 January 17)141.79 E(36)190.95 E 0 Cg EP +(2022 February 10)139.29 E(36)188.45 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 37 37 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -4743,7 +4743,7 @@ F13.877 E F0 1.377(option from the parent)3.877 F 2.5(shell. When) (.O)C .197(therwise, the in)-5.197 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.697(dc) .1 G .198(ommand inherits the \214le descriptors of the calling shell) -2.697 F(as modi\214ed by redirections.)108 722.4 Q(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 -Q(2022 January 17)141.79 E(37)190.95 E 0 Cg EP +Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(37)188.45 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 38 38 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -4877,7 +4877,7 @@ particular job, it should be remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.429(df).15 G (SHELL B)3.856 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.356(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.607 E 1.357(w\) or mark)-.25 F 1.357(ed to not recei)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G F4 (SIGHUP)108 715.2 Q F0(using)2.25 E F3(diso)2.5 E(wn \255h)-.1 E F0(.)A -(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 January 17)141.79 E(38)190.95 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(38)188.45 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 39 39 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -5009,7 +5009,7 @@ F1(bg)3.392 E F0 .892(command to continue it in the)3.392 F .17 108 712.8 Q .777(There are a number of w)108 729.6 R .777 (ays to refer to a job in the shell.)-.1 F .777(The character)5.777 F F1 (%)3.277 E F0 .777(introduces a job speci\214cation)3.277 F -(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 January 17)141.79 E(39)190.95 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(39)188.45 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 40 40 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -5129,8 +5129,8 @@ Q F1(format)3.926 E F0 1.426(is passed to)3.926 F F1(strftime)3.926 E F0 696 Q F0(the v)180 696 Q(ersion of)-.15 E F2(bash)2.5 E F0 (\(e.g., 2.00\))2.5 E F2(\\V)144 708 Q F0(the release of)180 708 Q F2 (bash)2.5 E F0 2.5(,v)C(ersion + patch le)-2.65 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5 -(l\().15 G(e.g., 2.00.0\))-2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 January 17) -141.79 E(40)190.95 E 0 Cg EP +(l\().15 G(e.g., 2.00.0\))-2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 February 10) +139.29 E(40)188.45 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 41 41 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -5262,8 +5262,8 @@ F -.1(ke)108 676.8 S 2.5(yb)-.05 G(indings and v)-2.5 E 3.497 E(c)-.37 E F0 3.487(\214le. Other)3.797 F .987 (programs that use this library may)3.487 F(add their o)108 705.6 Q (wn commands and bindings.)-.25 E -.15(Fo)108 722.4 S 2.5(re).15 G -(xample, placing)-2.65 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 January 17)141.79 E -(41)190.95 E 0 Cg EP +(xample, placing)-2.65 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E +(41)188.45 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 42 42 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -5352,7 +5352,7 @@ F0(ne)180 655.2 Q(wline)-.25 E F2(\\r)144 667.2 Q F0(carriage return)180 (the eight-bit character whose v)180 715.2 Q(alue is the he)-.25 E (xadecimal v)-.15 E(alue)-.25 E F1(HH)2.5 E F0(\(one or tw)2.5 E 2.5(oh) -.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q -(2022 January 17)141.79 E(42)190.95 E 0 Cg EP +(2022 February 10)139.29 E(42)188.45 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 43 43 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -5394,4982 +5394,5028 @@ E .79(Except where noted, readline v)108 235.2 R .79(ariables can tak) 2.968 E F0 5.468(.A)C .468(ll other v)-5.468 F .468(alues are equi)-.25 F -.25(va)-.25 G .468(lent to).25 F F1(Off)2.968 E F0 5.468(.T)C .467 (he v)-5.468 F .467(ariables and their def)-.25 F(ault)-.1 E -.25(va)108 -271.2 S(lues are:).25 E F1(bell\255style \(audible\))108 288 Q F0 .01 -(Controls what happens when readline w)144 300 R .011 +271.2 S(lues are:).25 E F1(acti)108 288 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G.1 E +(egion\255start\255color)-.18 E F0 2.729(As)144 300 S .229(tring v) +-2.729 F .229(ariable that controls the te)-.25 F .229 +(xt color and background when displaying the te)-.15 F .23 +(xt in the acti)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(re)144 312 Q 1.527 +(gion \(see the description of)-.15 F F1(enable\255acti)4.026 E -.1(ve) +-.1 G.1 E(egion)-.18 E F0(belo)4.026 E 4.026(w\). This)-.25 F +1.526(string must not tak)4.026 F 4.026(eu)-.1 G 4.026(pa)-4.026 G -.15 +(ny)-4.026 G(ph)144 324 Q .283 +(ysical character positions on the display)-.05 F 2.783(,s)-.65 G 2.784 +(oi)-2.783 G 2.784(ts)-2.784 G .284 +(hould consist only of terminal escape sequences.)-2.784 F .45 +(It is output to the terminal before displaying the te)144 336 R .45 +(xt in the acti)-.15 F .75 -.15(ve r)-.25 H -.15(eg).15 G 2.95 +(ion. This).15 F -.25(va)2.95 G .45(riable is reset to).25 F .378 +(the def)144 348 R .378(ault v)-.1 F .378(alue whene)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 +G 2.878(rt).15 G .379(he terminal type changes.)-2.878 F .379(The def) +5.379 F .379(ault v)-.1 F .379(alue is the string that puts the)-.25 F +.655(terminal in standout mode, as obtained from the terminal')144 360 R +3.154(st)-.55 G .654(erminfo description.)-3.154 F 3.154(As)5.654 G .654 +(ample v)-3.154 F(alue)-.25 E(might be)144 372 Q/F4 10/Courier@0 SF +("\\e[01;33m")2.5 E F0(.)A F1(acti)108 384 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G.1 E +(egion\255end\255color)-.18 E F0 3.908(As)144 396 S 1.408(tring v)-3.908 +F 1.408(ariable that "undoes" the ef)-.25 F 1.408(fects of)-.25 F F1 +(acti)3.908 E -.1(ve)-.1 G.1 E(egion\255start\255color)-.18 E F0 +1.409(and restores "normal")3.908 F .216 +(terminal display appearance after displaying te)144 408 R .216 +(xt in the acti)-.15 F .516 -.15(ve r)-.25 H -.15(eg).15 G 2.716 +(ion. This).15 F .216(string must not tak)2.716 F 2.716(eu)-.1 G(p) +-2.716 E(an)144 420 Q 3.737(yp)-.15 G -.05(hy)-3.737 G 1.237 +(sical character positions on the display).05 F 3.737(,s)-.65 G 3.737 +(oi)-3.737 G 3.737(ts)-3.737 G 1.238 +(hould consist only of terminal escape se-)-3.737 F 2.928(quences. It) +144 432 R .428(is output to the terminal after displaying the te)2.928 F +.427(xt in the acti)-.15 F .727 -.15(ve r)-.25 H -.15(eg).15 G 2.927 +(ion. This).15 F -.25(va)2.927 G .427(riable is).25 F .518 +(reset to the def)144 444 R .518(ault v)-.1 F .518(alue whene)-.25 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.018(rt).15 G .518(he terminal type changes.)-3.018 F +.518(The def)5.518 F .518(ault v)-.1 F .518(alue is the string that)-.25 +F .252(restores the terminal from standout mode, as obtained from the t\ +erminal')144 456 R 2.751(st)-.55 G .251(erminfo description.)-2.751 F(A) +5.251 E(sample v)144 468 Q(alue might be)-.25 E F4("\\e[0m")2.5 E F0(.)A +F1(bell\255style \(audible\))108 480 Q F0 .01 +(Controls what happens when readline w)144 492 R .011 (ants to ring the terminal bell.)-.1 F .011(If set to)5.011 F F1(none) 2.511 E F0 2.511(,r)C .011(eadline ne)-2.511 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E -.94(rings the bell.)144 312 R .94(If set to)5.94 F F1(visible)3.44 E F0 +.94(rings the bell.)144 504 R .94(If set to)5.94 F F1(visible)3.44 E F0 3.44(,r)C .94(eadline uses a visible bell if one is a)-3.44 F -.25(va) -.2 G 3.44(ilable. If).25 F .94(set to)3.44 F F1(audible)3.44 E F0(,)A -(readline attempts to ring the terminal')144 324 Q 2.5(sb)-.55 G(ell.) --2.5 E F1(bind\255tty\255special\255chars \(On\))108 336 Q F0 .055 -(If set to)144 348 R F1(On)2.555 E F0 2.555(,r)C .056(eadline attempts \ +(readline attempts to ring the terminal')144 516 Q 2.5(sb)-.55 G(ell.) +-2.5 E F1(bind\255tty\255special\255chars \(On\))108 528 Q F0 .055 +(If set to)144 540 R F1(On)2.555 E F0 2.555(,r)C .056(eadline attempts \ to bind the control characters treated specially by the k)-2.555 F -(ernel')-.1 E 2.556(st)-.55 G(ermi-)-2.556 E(nal dri)144 360 Q -.15(ve) +(ernel')-.1 E 2.556(st)-.55 G(ermi-)-2.556 E(nal dri)144 552 Q -.15(ve) -.25 G 2.5(rt).15 G 2.5(ot)-2.5 G(heir readline equi)-2.5 E -.25(va)-.25 -G(lents.).25 E F1(blink\255matching\255par)108 372 Q(en \(Off\))-.18 E -F0 .21(If set to)144 384 R F1(On)2.71 E F0 2.71(,r)C .21 +G(lents.).25 E F1(blink\255matching\255par)108 564 Q(en \(Off\))-.18 E +F0 .21(If set to)144 576 R F1(On)2.71 E F0 2.71(,r)C .21 (eadline attempts to brie\215y mo)-2.71 F .51 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .21 (he cursor to an opening parenthesis when a closing).15 F -(parenthesis is inserted.)144 396 Q F1(color)108 408 Q +(parenthesis is inserted.)144 588 Q F1(color)108 600 Q (ed\255completion\255pr)-.18 E(e\214x \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .515(If set to) -144 420 R F1(On)3.015 E F0 3.015(,w)C .515(hen listing completions, rea\ +144 612 R F1(On)3.015 E F0 3.015(,w)C .515(hen listing completions, rea\ dline displays the common pre\214x of the set of possible)-3.015 F 2.936 -(completions using a dif)144 432 R 2.936(ferent color)-.25 F 7.936(.T) +(completions using a dif)144 624 R 2.936(ferent color)-.25 F 7.936(.T) -.55 G 2.936(he color de\214nitions are tak)-7.936 F 2.935 -(en from the v)-.1 F 2.935(alue of the)-.25 F F1(LS_COLORS)144 444 Q F0 +(en from the v)-.1 F 2.935(alue of the)-.25 F F1(LS_COLORS)144 636 Q F0 (en)3.076 E .577(vironment v)-.4 F 3.077(ariable. If)-.25 F .577 (there is a color de\214nition in)3.077 F F1($LS_COLORS)3.077 E F0 .577 -(for the cus-)3.077 F .135(tom suf)144 456 R .135(\214x "readline-color\ +(for the cus-)3.077 F .135(tom suf)144 648 R .135(\214x "readline-color\ ed-completion-pre\214x", readline uses this color for the common pre\ -\214x in-)-.25 F(stead of its def)144 468 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(color)108 480 -Q(ed\255stats \(Off\))-.18 E F0 1.579(If set to)144 492 R F1(On)4.079 E +\214x in-)-.25 F(stead of its def)144 660 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(color)108 672 +Q(ed\255stats \(Off\))-.18 E F0 1.579(If set to)144 684 R F1(On)4.079 E F0 4.079(,r)C 1.579(eadline displays possible completions using dif) -4.079 F 1.58(ferent colors to indicate their \214le)-.25 F 2.5 -(type. The)144 504 R(color de\214nitions are tak)2.5 E(en from the v)-.1 +(type. The)144 696 R(color de\214nitions are tak)2.5 E(en from the v)-.1 E(alue of the)-.25 E F1(LS_COLORS)2.5 E F0(en)2.5 E(vironment v)-.4 E -(ariable.)-.25 E F1(comment\255begin \(`)108 516 Q(`#')-.63 E('\))-.63 E -F0 .885(The string that is inserted when the readline)144 528 R F1 +(ariable.)-.25 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(43) +188.45 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 44 44 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF(comment\255begin \(`)108 84 Q(`#')-.63 E('\))-.63 E F0 .885 +(The string that is inserted when the readline)144 96 R F1 (insert\255comment)3.385 E F0 .884(command is e)3.384 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -3.384(cuted. This).15 F(com-)3.384 E(mand is bound to)144 540 Q F1 +3.384(cuted. This).15 F(com-)3.384 E(mand is bound to)144 108 Q F1 (M\255#)2.5 E F0(in emacs mode and to)2.5 E F1(#)2.5 E F0 (in vi command mode.)2.5 E F1(completion\255display\255width \(\2551\)) -108 552 Q F0 1.453(The number of screen columns used to display possibl\ -e matches when performing completion.)144 564 R .194(The v)144 576 R +108 120 Q F0 1.453(The number of screen columns used to display possibl\ +e matches when performing completion.)144 132 R .194(The v)144 144 R .193(alue is ignored if it is less than 0 or greater than the terminal \ screen width.)-.25 F 2.693(Av)5.193 G .193(alue of 0 will)-2.943 F -(cause matches to be displayed one per line.)144 588 Q(The def)5 E -(ault v)-.1 E(alue is \2551.)-.25 E F1(completion\255ignor)108 600 Q -(e\255case \(Off\))-.18 E F0(If set to)144 612 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,r)C +(cause matches to be displayed one per line.)144 156 Q(The def)5 E +(ault v)-.1 E(alue is \2551.)-.25 E F1(completion\255ignor)108 168 Q +(e\255case \(Off\))-.18 E F0(If set to)144 180 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,r)C (eadline performs \214lename matching and completion in a case\255insen\ siti)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve f)-.25 H(ashion.).05 E F1 -(completion\255map\255case \(Off\))108 624 Q F0 .093(If set to)144 636 R +(completion\255map\255case \(Off\))108 192 Q F0 .093(If set to)144 204 R F1(On)2.593 E F0 2.593(,a)C(nd)-2.593 E F1(completion\255ignor)2.593 E (e\255case)-.18 E F0 .093(is enabled, readline treats h)2.593 F .093 -(yphens \()-.05 F F3A F0 2.593(\)a)C .094(nd underscores)-2.593 F -(\()144 648 Q F3(_)A F0 2.5(\)a)C 2.5(se)-2.5 G(qui)-2.5 E -.25(va)-.25 -G(lent when performing case\255insensiti).25 E .3 -.15(ve \214)-.25 H -(lename matching and completion.).15 E F1(completion\255pr)108 660 Q -(e\214x\255display\255length \(0\))-.18 E F0 .829(The length in charact\ -ers of the common pre\214x of a list of possible completions that is di\ -splayed)144 672 R 1.274(without modi\214cation.)144 684 R 1.274 -(When set to a v)6.274 F 1.274(alue greater than zero, common pre\214x) --.25 F 1.275(es longer than this)-.15 F -.25(va)144 696 S(lue are repla\ -ced with an ellipsis when displaying possible completions.).25 E -(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 January 17)141.79 E(43)190.95 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 44 44 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(completion\255query\255items \(100\))108 84 Q F0 .53 -(This determines when the user is queried about vie)144 96 R .529 +(yphens \()-.05 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SFA F0 2.593(\)a)C .094 +(nd underscores)-2.593 F(\()144 216 Q F2(_)A F0 2.5(\)a)C 2.5(se)-2.5 G +(qui)-2.5 E -.25(va)-.25 G(lent when performing case\255insensiti).25 E +.3 -.15(ve \214)-.25 H(lename matching and completion.).15 E F1 +(completion\255pr)108 228 Q(e\214x\255display\255length \(0\))-.18 E F0 +.829(The length in characters of the common pre\214x of a list of possi\ +ble completions that is displayed)144 240 R 1.274 +(without modi\214cation.)144 252 R 1.274(When set to a v)6.274 F 1.274 +(alue greater than zero, common pre\214x)-.25 F 1.275 +(es longer than this)-.15 F -.25(va)144 264 S(lue are replaced with an \ +ellipsis when displaying possible completions.).25 E F1 +(completion\255query\255items \(100\))108 276 Q F0 .53 +(This determines when the user is queried about vie)144 288 R .529 (wing the number of possible completions gen-)-.25 F .56(erated by the) -144 108 R F1(possible\255completions)3.06 E F0 3.06(command. It)3.06 F +144 300 R F1(possible\255completions)3.06 E F0 3.06(command. It)3.06 F .561(may be set to an)3.061 F 3.061(yi)-.15 G(nte)-3.061 E .561(ger v) --.15 F .561(alue greater than or)-.25 F .783(equal to zero.)144 120 R +-.15 F .561(alue greater than or)-.25 F .783(equal to zero.)144 312 R .783(If the number of possible completions is greater than or equal to \ -the v)5.783 F .782(alue of this)-.25 F -.25(va)144 132 S .367 +the v)5.783 F .782(alue of this)-.25 F -.25(va)144 324 S .367 (riable, readline will ask whether or not the user wishes to vie).25 F 2.868(wt)-.25 G .368(hem; otherwise the)-2.868 F 2.868(ya)-.15 G .368 -(re simply)-2.868 F .673(listed on the terminal.)144 144 R 3.173(Az) +(re simply)-2.868 F .673(listed on the terminal.)144 336 R 3.173(Az) 5.673 G .673(ero v)-3.173 F .673(alue means readline should ne)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.172(ra).15 G .672(sk; ne)-3.172 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 -E .972 -.15(ve v)-.25 H .672(alues are treated)-.1 F(as zero.)144 156 Q -F1(con)108 168 Q -.1(ve)-.4 G(rt\255meta \(On\)).1 E F0 .612(If set to) -144 180 R F1(On)3.112 E F0 3.112(,r)C .613(eadline will con)-3.112 F +E .972 -.15(ve v)-.25 H .672(alues are treated)-.1 F(as zero.)144 348 Q +F1(con)108 360 Q -.1(ve)-.4 G(rt\255meta \(On\)).1 E F0 .612(If set to) +144 372 R F1(On)3.112 E F0 3.112(,r)C .613(eadline will con)-3.112 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .613(rt characters with the eighth bit set to an ASCII k) .15 F .913 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .613(equence by).15 F .541 (stripping the eighth bit and pre\214xing an escape character \(in ef) -144 192 R .541(fect, using escape as the)-.25 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.541(meta pr)3.041 F(e-)-.37 E<8c78>144 204 Q F0 2.5(\). The)B(def)2.5 E -(ault is)-.1 E F2(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut readline will set it to)-2.7 E -F2(Of)2.5 E(f)-.18 E F0(if the locale contains eight-bit characters.)2.5 -E F1(disable\255completion \(Off\))108 216 Q F0 .038(If set to)144 228 R -F1(On)2.538 E F0 2.538(,r)C .038(eadline will inhibit w)-2.538 F .038 +144 384 R .541(fect, using escape as the)-.25 F F2 .541(meta pr)3.041 F +(e-)-.37 E<8c78>144 396 Q F0 2.5(\). The)B(def)2.5 E(ault is)-.1 E F2 +(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut readline will set it to)-2.7 E F2(Of)2.5 E(f) +-.18 E F0(if the locale contains eight-bit characters.)2.5 E F1 +(disable\255completion \(Off\))108 408 Q F0 .038(If set to)144 420 R F1 +(On)2.538 E F0 2.538(,r)C .038(eadline will inhibit w)-2.538 F .038 (ord completion.)-.1 F .038 (Completion characters will be inserted into the)5.038 F(line as if the) -144 240 Q 2.5(yh)-.15 G(ad been mapped to)-2.5 E F1(self-insert)2.5 E F0 -(.)A F1(echo\255contr)108 252 Q(ol\255characters \(On\))-.18 E F0 1.211 -(When set to)144 264 R F1(On)3.711 E F0 3.711(,o)C 3.711(no)-3.711 G +144 432 Q 2.5(yh)-.15 G(ad been mapped to)-2.5 E F1(self-insert)2.5 E F0 +(.)A F1(echo\255contr)108 444 Q(ol\255characters \(On\))-.18 E F0 1.211 +(When set to)144 456 R F1(On)3.711 E F0 3.711(,o)C 3.711(no)-3.711 G 1.211(perating systems that indicate the)-3.711 F 3.711(ys)-.15 G 1.21 (upport it, readline echoes a character)-3.711 F -(corresponding to a signal generated from the k)144 276 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G -(board.).15 E F1(editing\255mode \(emacs\))108 288 Q F0 .141 -(Controls whether readline be)144 300 R .141(gins with a set of k)-.15 F +(corresponding to a signal generated from the k)144 468 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G +(board.).15 E F1(editing\255mode \(emacs\))108 480 Q F0 .141 +(Controls whether readline be)144 492 R .141(gins with a set of k)-.15 F .441 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .141(indings similar to).15 F F2(Emacs)2.642 E F0 (or)2.642 E F2(vi)2.642 E F0(.)A F1(editing\255mode)5.142 E F0 -(can be set to either)144 312 Q F1(emacs)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1(vi)2.5 E -F0(.)A F1(emacs\255mode\255string \(@\))108 324 Q F0 .518(If the)144 336 +(can be set to either)144 504 Q F1(emacs)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1(vi)2.5 E +F0(.)A F1(emacs\255mode\255string \(@\))108 516 Q F0 .518(If the)144 528 R F2(show\255mode\255in\255pr)3.018 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 -.25(va)3.018 G .517(riable is enabled, this string is displayed immediately before the) .25 F .622 -(last line of the primary prompt when emacs editing mode is acti)144 348 +(last line of the primary prompt when emacs editing mode is acti)144 540 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.622(.T).15 G .622(he v)-5.622 F .622(alue is e)-.25 F -.622(xpanded lik)-.15 F 3.122(ea)-.1 G -.1(ke)144 360 S 3.34(yb)-.05 G +.622(xpanded lik)-.15 F 3.122(ea)-.1 G -.1(ke)144 552 S 3.34(yb)-.05 G .839(inding, so the standard set of meta- and control pre\214x)-3.34 F -.839(es and backslash escape sequences is)-.15 F -.2(av)144 372 S 2.798 +.839(es and backslash escape sequences is)-.15 F -.2(av)144 564 S 2.798 (ailable. Use)-.05 F .298(the \\1 and \\2 escapes to be)2.798 F .298 (gin and end sequences of non-printing characters, which)-.15 F (can be used to embed a terminal control sequence into the mode string.) -144 384 Q F1(enable\255acti)108 396 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G.1 E -(egion \(On\))-.18 E F0(The)144 408 Q F2(point)3.246 E F0 .746 +144 576 Q F1(enable\255acti)108 588 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G.1 E +(egion \(On\))-.18 E F0(The)144 600 Q F2(point)3.246 E F0 .746 (is the current cursor position, and)3.246 F F2(mark)3.246 E F0 .746 (refers to a sa)3.246 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.246(dc).15 G .746 (ursor position.)-3.246 F .745(The te)5.746 F .745(xt be-)-.15 F .344 -(tween the point and mark is referred to as the)144 420 R F2 -.37(re) +(tween the point and mark is referred to as the)144 612 R F2 -.37(re) 2.844 G(gion)-.03 E F0 5.344(.W)C .344(hen this v)-5.344 F .344 (ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(On)2.845 E F0 2.845(,r)C .345(eadline al-) --2.845 F(lo)144 432 Q .098(ws certain commands to designate the re)-.25 +-2.845 F(lo)144 624 Q .098(ws certain commands to designate the re)-.25 F .098(gion as)-.15 F F2(active)2.598 E F0 5.098(.W)C .098(hen the re) -5.098 F .098(gion is acti)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.598(,r).15 G .098 -(eadline high-)-2.598 F .628(lights the te)144 444 R .628(xt in the re) --.15 F .628(gion using the terminal')-.15 F 3.128(ss)-.55 G .628 -(tandout mode.)-3.128 F .628(The acti)5.628 F .928 -.15(ve r)-.25 H -.15 -(eg).15 G .628(ion sho).15 F .629(ws the te)-.25 F(xt)-.15 E .448 -(inserted by brack)144 456 R .448(eted-paste and an)-.1 F 2.948(ym)-.15 -G .448(atching te)-2.948 F .447 -(xt found by incremental and non-incremental his-)-.15 F(tory searches.) -144 468 Q F1(enable\255brack)108 480 Q(eted\255paste \(On\))-.1 E F0 -1.221(When set to)144 492 R F1(On)3.721 E F0 3.721(,r)C 1.221 +(eadline high-)-2.598 F .97(lights the te)144 636 R .97(xt in the re) +-.15 F .971(gion using the v)-.15 F .971(alue of the)-.25 F F1(acti) +3.471 E -.1(ve)-.1 G.1 E(egion\255start\255color)-.18 E F0 3.471 +(,w)C .971(hich def)-3.471 F .971(aults to)-.1 F .485 +(the string that enables the terminal')144 648 R 2.985(ss)-.55 G .485 +(tandout mode.)-2.985 F .485(The acti)5.485 F .785 -.15(ve r)-.25 H -.15 +(eg).15 G .484(ion sho).15 F .484(ws the te)-.25 F .484(xt inserted by) +-.15 F(brack)144 660 Q(eted-paste and an)-.1 E 2.5(ym)-.15 G(atching te) +-2.5 E(xt found by incremental and non-incremental history searches.) +-.15 E F1(enable\255brack)108 672 Q(eted\255paste \(On\))-.1 E F0 1.221 +(When set to)144 684 R F1(On)3.721 E F0 3.721(,r)C 1.221 (eadline will con\214gure the terminal in a w)-3.721 F 1.221 (ay that will enable it to insert each)-.1 F .353 -(paste into the editing b)144 504 R(uf)-.2 E .353(fer as a single strin\ +(paste into the editing b)144 696 R(uf)-.2 E .353(fer as a single strin\ g of characters, instead of treating each character as if)-.25 F .543 -(it had been read from the k)144 516 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 3.043(board. This) +(it had been read from the k)144 708 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 3.043(board. This) .15 F .543(can pre)3.043 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .544 (nt pasted characters from being interpreted as).15 F(editing commands.) -144 528 Q F1(enable\255k)108 540 Q(eypad \(Off\))-.1 E F0 .893 -(When set to)144 552 R F1(On)3.393 E F0 3.393(,r)C .893 +144 720 Q(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(44)188.45 E 0 +Cg EP +%%Page: 45 45 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF(enable\255k)108 84 Q(eypad \(Off\))-.1 E F0 .893(When set to)144 96 R +F1(On)3.393 E F0 3.393(,r)C .893 (eadline will try to enable the application k)-3.393 F -.15(ey)-.1 G .893(pad when it is called.).15 F .892(Some sys-)5.893 F -(tems need this to enable the arro)144 564 Q 2.5(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey)-2.6 -G(s.).15 E F1(enable\255meta\255k)108 576 Q(ey \(On\))-.1 E F0 .64 -(When set to)144 588 R F1(On)3.14 E F0 3.14(,r)C .64 +(tems need this to enable the arro)144 108 Q 2.5(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey)-2.6 +G(s.).15 E F1(enable\255meta\255k)108 120 Q(ey \(On\))-.1 E F0 .64 +(When set to)144 132 R F1(On)3.14 E F0 3.14(,r)C .64 (eadline will try to enable an)-3.14 F 3.14(ym)-.15 G .64 (eta modi\214er k)-3.14 F .94 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .64 -(he terminal claims to support).15 F(when it is called.)144 600 Q +(he terminal claims to support).15 F(when it is called.)144 144 Q (On man)5 E 2.5(yt)-.15 G(erminals, the meta k)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 2.5(su).15 G(sed to send eight-bit characters.)-2.5 E F1 -(expand\255tilde \(Off\))108 612 Q F0(If set to)144 624 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 +(expand\255tilde \(Off\))108 156 Q F0(If set to)144 168 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(ilde e)-2.5 E(xpansion is performed when readline attempts w) --.15 E(ord completion.)-.1 E F1(history\255pr)108 636 Q(eser)-.18 E -.1 -(ve)-.1 G(\255point \(Off\)).1 E F0 .553(If set to)144 648 R F1(On)3.052 +-.15 E(ord completion.)-.1 E F1(history\255pr)108 180 Q(eser)-.18 E -.1 +(ve)-.1 G(\255point \(Off\)).1 E F0 .553(If set to)144 192 R F1(On)3.052 E F0 3.052(,t)C .552(he history code attempts to place point at the sam\ -e location on each history line re-)-3.052 F(trie)144 660 Q -.15(ve)-.25 +e location on each history line re-)-3.052 F(trie)144 204 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(dw).15 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(pr)2.5 E -.15(ev)-.18 G(ious-history).15 E F0(or)2.5 E F1(next-history)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(history\255size \(unset\)) -108 672 Q F0 .948(Set the maximum number of history entries sa)144 684 R +108 216 Q F0 .948(Set the maximum number of history entries sa)144 228 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.448(di).15 G 3.448(nt)-3.448 G .948(he history list.) -3.448 F .949(If set to zero, an)5.948 F 3.449(ye)-.15 G(xisting)-3.599 -E .483(history entries are deleted and no ne)144 696 R 2.983(we)-.25 G +E .483(history entries are deleted and no ne)144 240 R 2.983(we)-.25 G .483(ntries are sa)-2.983 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.983(d. If).15 F .482 (set to a v)2.983 F .482(alue less than zero, the num-)-.25 F .277 -(ber of history entries is not limited.)144 708 R .277(By def)5.277 F +(ber of history entries is not limited.)144 252 R .277(By def)5.277 F .278(ault, the number of history entries is set to the v)-.1 F .278 -(alue of)-.25 F(the)144 720 Q F1(HISTSIZE)3.411 E F0 .911(shell v)3.411 -F 3.411(ariable. If)-.25 F .911(an attempt is made to set)3.411 F F2 -(history\255size)3.41 E F0 .91(to a non-numeric v)3.41 F(alue,)-.25 E -(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 January 17)141.79 E(44)190.95 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 45 45 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E -(the maximum number of history entries will be set to 500.)144 84 Q/F1 -10/Times-Bold@0 SF(horizontal\255scr)108 96 Q(oll\255mode \(Off\))-.18 E -F0 .448(When set to)144 108 R F1(On)2.948 E F0 2.948(,m)C(ak)-2.948 E -.448(es readline use a single line for display)-.1 F 2.948(,s)-.65 G -.449(crolling the input horizontally on a)-2.948 F 1.194(single screen \ -line when it becomes longer than the screen width rather than wrapping \ -to a ne)144 120 R(w)-.25 E 2.5(line. This)144 132 R +(alue of)-.25 F(the)144 264 Q F1(HISTSIZE)3.411 E F0 .911(shell v)3.411 +F 3.411(ariable. If)-.25 F .911(an attempt is made to set)3.411 F/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(history\255size)3.41 E F0 .91(to a non-numeric v)3.41 +F(alue,)-.25 E +(the maximum number of history entries will be set to 500.)144 276 Q F1 +(horizontal\255scr)108 288 Q(oll\255mode \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .448 +(When set to)144 300 R F1(On)2.948 E F0 2.948(,m)C(ak)-2.948 E .448 +(es readline use a single line for display)-.1 F 2.948(,s)-.65 G .449 +(crolling the input horizontally on a)-2.948 F 1.194(single screen line\ + when it becomes longer than the screen width rather than wrapping to a\ + ne)144 312 R(w)-.25 E 2.5(line. This)144 324 R (setting is automatically enabled for terminals of height 1.)2.5 E F1 -(input\255meta \(Off\))108 144 Q F0 1.061(If set to)144 156 R F1(On) +(input\255meta \(Off\))108 336 Q F0 1.061(If set to)144 348 R F1(On) 3.561 E F0 3.561(,r)C 1.062(eadline will enable eight-bit input \(that \ is, it will not strip the eighth bit from the)-3.561 F .336 -(characters it reads\), re)144 168 R -.05(ga)-.15 G .335 +(characters it reads\), re)144 360 R -.05(ga)-.15 G .335 (rdless of what the terminal claims it can support.).05 F .335(The name) -5.335 F F1(meta\255\215ag)2.835 E F0(is)2.835 E 2.864(as)144 180 S(ynon) +5.335 F F1(meta\255\215ag)2.835 E F0(is)2.835 E 2.864(as)144 372 S(ynon) -2.864 E .364(ym for this v)-.15 F 2.864(ariable. The)-.25 F(def)2.864 E -.364(ault is)-.1 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Of)2.864 E(f)-.18 E F0 2.864 -(,b)C .364(ut readline will set it to)-3.064 F F2(On)2.864 E F0 .365 -(if the locale contains)2.865 F(eight-bit characters.)144 192 Q F1 -(isear)108 204 Q(ch\255terminators \(`)-.18 E(`C\255[C\255J')-.63 E('\)) +.364(ault is)-.1 F F2(Of)2.864 E(f)-.18 E F0 2.864(,b)C .364 +(ut readline will set it to)-3.064 F F2(On)2.864 E F0 .365 +(if the locale contains)2.865 F(eight-bit characters.)144 384 Q F1 +(isear)108 396 Q(ch\255terminators \(`)-.18 E(`C\255[C\255J')-.63 E('\)) -.63 E F0 .439(The string of characters that should terminate an increm\ -ental search without subsequently e)144 216 R -.15(xe)-.15 G(cut-).15 E -.934(ing the character as a command.)144 228 R .935(If this v)5.935 F +ental search without subsequently e)144 408 R -.15(xe)-.15 G(cut-).15 E +.934(ing the character as a command.)144 420 R .935(If this v)5.935 F .935(ariable has not been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.435(nav).15 G .935 -(alue, the characters)-3.685 F F2(ESC)3.435 E F0(and)144 240 Q F2 +(alue, the characters)-3.685 F F2(ESC)3.435 E F0(and)144 432 Q F2 (C\255J)2.5 E F0(will terminate an incremental search.)2.5 E F1 -.1(ke) -108 252 S(ymap \(emacs\)).1 E F0 2.021(Set the current readline k)144 -264 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 4.521(map. The).15 F 2.021(set of v)4.521 F 2.021 +108 444 S(ymap \(emacs\)).1 E F0 2.021(Set the current readline k)144 +456 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 4.521(map. The).15 F 2.021(set of v)4.521 F 2.021 (alid k)-.25 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.021(map names is).15 F F2 2.02 (emacs, emacs\255standar)4.52 F(d,)-.37 E .041 -(emacs\255meta, emacs\255ctlx, vi, vi\255command)144 276 R F0 2.542(,a)C +(emacs\255meta, emacs\255ctlx, vi, vi\255command)144 468 R F0 2.542(,a)C (nd)-2.542 E F2(vi\255insert)2.832 E F0(.).68 E F2(vi)5.042 E F0 .042 (is equi)2.542 F -.25(va)-.25 G .042(lent to).25 F F2(vi\255command) -2.542 E F0(;)A F2(emacs)2.542 E F0 .449(is equi)144 288 R -.25(va)-.25 G +2.542 E F0(;)A F2(emacs)2.542 E F0 .449(is equi)144 480 R -.25(va)-.25 G .449(lent to).25 F F2(emacs\255standar)2.949 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.449(.T)C .449(he def)-5.449 F .449(ault v)-.1 F .449(alue is)-.25 F F2(emacs) 3.139 E F0 2.948(;t).27 G .448(he v)-2.948 F .448(alue of)-.25 F F1 -(editing\255mode)2.948 E F0 .448(also af-)2.948 F(fects the def)144 300 -Q(ault k)-.1 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(map.).15 E F1 -.1(ke)108 312 S -(yseq\255timeout \(500\)).1 E F0 .367(Speci\214es the duration)144 324 R +(editing\255mode)2.948 E F0 .448(also af-)2.948 F(fects the def)144 492 +Q(ault k)-.1 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(map.).15 E F1 -.1(ke)108 504 S +(yseq\255timeout \(500\)).1 E F0 .367(Speci\214es the duration)144 516 R F2 -.37(re)2.867 G(adline).37 E F0 .367(will w)2.867 F .367 (ait for a character when reading an ambiguous k)-.1 F .668 -.15(ey s) --.1 H(equence).15 E .525(\(one that can form a complete k)144 336 R .825 +-.1 H(equence).15 E .525(\(one that can form a complete k)144 528 R .825 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .524(equence using the input read so f).15 F(ar)-.1 E 3.024(,o)-.4 G 3.024(rc)-3.024 G .524(an tak)-3.024 F 3.024(ea)-.1 G -.524(dditional in-)-3.024 F .806(put to complete a longer k)144 348 R +.524(dditional in-)-3.024 F .806(put to complete a longer k)144 540 R 1.106 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 3.306(equence\). If).15 F .806(no input is recei) 3.306 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.306(dw).15 G .807(ithin the timeout,)-3.306 F F2 -.37(re)3.307 G(adline).37 E F0(will)3.307 E .907(use the shorter b) -144 360 R .907(ut complete k)-.2 F 1.207 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 3.407 +144 552 R .907(ut complete k)-.2 F 1.207 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 3.407 (equence. The).15 F -.25(va)3.407 G .907 (lue is speci\214ed in milliseconds, so a v).25 F .906(alue of)-.25 F -.05(1000 means that)144 372 R F2 -.37(re)2.55 G(adline).37 E F0 .05 +.05(1000 means that)144 564 R F2 -.37(re)2.55 G(adline).37 E F0 .05 (will w)2.55 F .05(ait one second for additional input.)-.1 F .05 (If this v)5.05 F .05(ariable is set to a v)-.25 F(alue)-.25 E .051 -(less than or equal to zero, or to a non-numeric v)144 384 R(alue,)-.25 +(less than or equal to zero, or to a non-numeric v)144 576 R(alue,)-.25 E F2 -.37(re)2.551 G(adline).37 E F0 .051(will w)2.551 F .051 (ait until another k)-.1 F .351 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 2.551(sp).15 G(ressed) --2.551 E(to decide which k)144 396 Q .3 -.15(ey s)-.1 H -(equence to complete.).15 E F1(mark\255dir)108 408 Q(ectories \(On\)) --.18 E F0(If set to)144 420 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,c)C +-2.551 E(to decide which k)144 588 Q .3 -.15(ey s)-.1 H +(equence to complete.).15 E F1(mark\255dir)108 600 Q(ectories \(On\)) +-.18 E F0(If set to)144 612 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,c)C (ompleted directory names ha)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a s)-.2 H(lash appended.) -.15 E F1(mark\255modi\214ed\255lines \(Off\))108 432 Q F0(If set to)144 -444 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,h)C(istory lines that ha)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve b) +.15 E F1(mark\255modi\214ed\255lines \(Off\))108 624 Q F0(If set to)144 +636 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,h)C(istory lines that ha)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve b) -.2 H(een modi\214ed are displayed with a preceding asterisk \().15 E F1 -(*)A F0(\).)A F1(mark\255symlink)108 456 Q(ed\255dir)-.1 E -(ectories \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .175(If set to)144 468 R F1(On)2.675 E F0 +(*)A F0(\).)A F1(mark\255symlink)108 648 Q(ed\255dir)-.1 E +(ectories \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .175(If set to)144 660 R F1(On)2.675 E F0 2.675(,c)C .175 (ompleted names which are symbolic links to directories ha)-2.675 F .475 --.15(ve a s)-.2 H .175(lash appended \(sub-).15 F(ject to the v)144 480 +-.15(ve a s)-.2 H .175(lash appended \(sub-).15 F(ject to the v)144 672 Q(alue of)-.25 E F1(mark\255dir)2.5 E(ectories)-.18 E F0(\).)A F1 -(match\255hidden\255\214les \(On\))108 492 Q F0 .193(This v)144 504 R +(match\255hidden\255\214les \(On\))108 684 Q F0 .193(This v)144 696 R .193(ariable, when set to)-.25 F F1(On)2.693 E F0 2.693(,c)C .192 (auses readline to match \214les whose names be)-2.693 F .192 (gin with a `.)-.15 F 2.692('\()-.7 G(hidden)-2.692 E .456 -(\214les\) when performing \214lename completion.)144 516 R .456 +(\214les\) when performing \214lename completion.)144 708 R .456 (If set to)5.456 F F1(Off)2.956 E F0 2.956(,t)C .456(he leading `.) -2.956 F 2.956('m)-.7 G .457(ust be supplied by the)-2.956 F -(user in the \214lename to be completed.)144 528 Q F1 -(menu\255complete\255display\255pr)108 540 Q(e\214x \(Off\))-.18 E F0 -1.586(If set to)144 552 R F1(On)4.086 E F0 4.086(,m)C 1.585(enu complet\ -ion displays the common pre\214x of the list of possible completions) --4.086 F(\(which may be empty\) before c)144 564 Q -(ycling through the list.)-.15 E F1(output\255meta \(Off\))108 576 Q F0 -.506(If set to)144 588 R F1(On)3.006 E F0 3.006(,r)C .507(eadline will \ +(user in the \214lename to be completed.)144 720 Q(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q +(2022 February 10)139.29 E(45)188.45 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 46 46 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF(menu\255complete\255display\255pr)108 84 Q(e\214x \(Off\))-.18 E F0 +1.586(If set to)144 96 R F1(On)4.086 E F0 4.086(,m)C 1.585(enu completi\ +on displays the common pre\214x of the list of possible completions) +-4.086 F(\(which may be empty\) before c)144 108 Q +(ycling through the list.)-.15 E F1(output\255meta \(Off\))108 120 Q F0 +.506(If set to)144 132 R F1(On)3.006 E F0 3.006(,r)C .507(eadline will \ display characters with the eighth bit set directly rather than as a me\ -ta-)-3.006 F(pre\214x)144 600 Q .885(ed escape sequence.)-.15 F .884 -(The def)5.884 F .884(ault is)-.1 F F2(Of)3.384 E(f)-.18 E F0 3.384(,b)C -.884(ut readline will set it to)-3.584 F F2(On)3.384 E F0 .884 -(if the locale contains)3.384 F(eight-bit characters.)144 612 Q F1 -(page\255completions \(On\))108 624 Q F0 .808(If set to)144 636 R F1(On) -3.308 E F0 3.308(,r)C .808(eadline uses an internal)-3.308 F F2(mor) -3.308 E(e)-.37 E F0(-lik)A 3.308(ep)-.1 G .808 +ta-)-3.006 F(pre\214x)144 144 Q .885(ed escape sequence.)-.15 F .884 +(The def)5.884 F .884(ault is)-.1 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Of)3.384 E +(f)-.18 E F0 3.384(,b)C .884(ut readline will set it to)-3.584 F F2(On) +3.384 E F0 .884(if the locale contains)3.384 F(eight-bit characters.)144 +156 Q F1(page\255completions \(On\))108 168 Q F0 .808(If set to)144 180 +R F1(On)3.308 E F0 3.308(,r)C .808(eadline uses an internal)-3.308 F F2 +(mor)3.308 E(e)-.37 E F0(-lik)A 3.308(ep)-.1 G .808 (ager to display a screenful of possible comple-)-3.308 F -(tions at a time.)144 648 Q F1 -(print\255completions\255horizontally \(Off\))108 660 Q F0 .228 -(If set to)144 672 R F1(On)2.727 E F0 2.727(,r)C .227(eadline will disp\ +(tions at a time.)144 192 Q F1 +(print\255completions\255horizontally \(Off\))108 204 Q F0 .228 +(If set to)144 216 R F1(On)2.727 E F0 2.727(,r)C .227(eadline will disp\ lay completions with matches sorted horizontally in alphabetical or) --2.727 F(-)-.2 E(der)144 684 Q 2.5(,r)-.4 G(ather than do)-2.5 E -(wn the screen.)-.25 E F1 -2.29 -.18(re v)108 696 T -(ert\255all\255at\255newline \(Off\)).08 E F0 .698(If set to)144 708 R +-2.727 F(-)-.2 E(der)144 228 Q 2.5(,r)-.4 G(ather than do)-2.5 E +(wn the screen.)-.25 E F1 -2.29 -.18(re v)108 240 T +(ert\255all\255at\255newline \(Off\)).08 E F0 .698(If set to)144 252 R F1(On)3.198 E F0 3.198(,r)C .699 (eadline will undo all changes to history lines before returning when) --3.198 F F1(accept\255line)3.199 E F0(is)3.199 E -.15(exe)144 720 S +-3.198 F F1(accept\255line)3.199 E F0(is)3.199 E -.15(exe)144 264 S 2.686(cuted. By).15 F(def)2.686 E .186 (ault, history lines may be modi\214ed and retain indi)-.1 F .186 -(vidual undo lists across calls to)-.25 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q -(2022 January 17)141.79 E(45)190.95 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 46 46 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF -.18(re)144 84 S(adline).18 E F0(.)A F1(sho)108 96 Q -(w\255all\255if\255ambiguous \(Off\))-.1 E F0 .303(This alters the def) -144 108 R .303(ault beha)-.1 F .304(vior of the completion functions.) --.2 F .304(If set to)5.304 F F1(On)2.804 E F0 2.804(,w)C .304 -(ords which ha)-2.904 F .604 -.15(ve m)-.2 H(ore).15 E 1.264(than one p\ -ossible completion cause the matches to be listed immediately instead o\ -f ringing the)144 120 R(bell.)144 132 Q F1(sho)108 144 Q -(w\255all\255if\255unmodi\214ed \(Off\))-.1 E F0 5.345 -(This alters the def)144 156 R 5.345(ault beha)-.1 F 5.345 +(vidual undo lists across calls to)-.25 F F1 -.18(re)144 276 S(adline) +.18 E F0(.)A F1(sho)108 288 Q(w\255all\255if\255ambiguous \(Off\))-.1 E +F0 .303(This alters the def)144 300 R .303(ault beha)-.1 F .304 +(vior of the completion functions.)-.2 F .304(If set to)5.304 F F1(On) +2.804 E F0 2.804(,w)C .304(ords which ha)-2.904 F .604 -.15(ve m)-.2 H +(ore).15 E 1.264(than one possible completion cause the matches to be l\ +isted immediately instead of ringing the)144 312 R(bell.)144 324 Q F1 +(sho)108 336 Q(w\255all\255if\255unmodi\214ed \(Off\))-.1 E F0 5.345 +(This alters the def)144 348 R 5.345(ault beha)-.1 F 5.345 (vior of the completion functions in a f)-.2 F 5.346(ashion similar to) --.1 F F1(sho)144 168 Q(w\255all\255if\255ambiguous)-.1 E F0 6.691(.I)C +-.1 F F1(sho)144 360 Q(w\255all\255if\255ambiguous)-.1 E F0 6.691(.I)C 4.191(fs)-6.691 G 1.691(et to)-4.191 F F1(On)4.191 E F0 4.191(,w)C 1.691 (ords which ha)-4.291 F 1.991 -.15(ve m)-.2 H 1.691 -(ore than one possible completion).15 F 1.039(without an)144 180 R 3.539 +(ore than one possible completion).15 F 1.039(without an)144 372 R 3.539 (yp)-.15 G 1.039 (ossible partial completion \(the possible completions don')-3.539 F 3.539(ts)-.18 G 1.04(hare a common pre\214x\))-3.539 F(cause the matche\ -s to be listed immediately instead of ringing the bell.)144 192 Q F1 -(sho)108 204 Q(w\255mode\255in\255pr)-.1 E(ompt \(Off\))-.18 E F0 1.022 -(If set to)144 216 R F1(On)3.522 E F0 3.522(,a)C 1.022 +s to be listed immediately instead of ringing the bell.)144 384 Q F1 +(sho)108 396 Q(w\255mode\255in\255pr)-.1 E(ompt \(Off\))-.18 E F0 1.022 +(If set to)144 408 R F1(On)3.522 E F0 3.522(,a)C 1.022 (dd a string to the be)-3.522 F 1.021 (ginning of the prompt indicating the editing mode: emacs, vi)-.15 F -(command, or vi insertion.)144 228 Q(The mode strings are user)5 E -(-settable \(e.g.,)-.2 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -(emacs\255mode\255string)2.5 E F0(\).)A F1 -(skip\255completed\255text \(Off\))108 240 Q F0 .094(If set to)144 252 R +(command, or vi insertion.)144 420 Q(The mode strings are user)5 E +(-settable \(e.g.,)-.2 E F2(emacs\255mode\255string)2.5 E F0(\).)A F1 +(skip\255completed\255text \(Off\))108 432 Q F0 .094(If set to)144 444 R F1(On)2.594 E F0 2.594(,t)C .095(his alters the def)-2.594 F .095 (ault completion beha)-.1 F .095 -(vior when inserting a single match into the line.)-.2 F(It')144 264 Q +(vior when inserting a single match into the line.)-.2 F(It')144 456 Q 2.546(so)-.55 G .046(nly acti)-2.546 F .346 -.15(ve w)-.25 H .046 (hen performing completion in the middle of a w).15 F 2.545(ord. If)-.1 F .045(enabled, readline does not)2.545 F 1.394(insert characters from \ -the completion that match characters after point in the w)144 276 R -1.395(ord being com-)-.1 F(pleted, so portions of the w)144 288 Q +the completion that match characters after point in the w)144 468 R +1.395(ord being com-)-.1 F(pleted, so portions of the w)144 480 Q (ord follo)-.1 E(wing the cursor are not duplicated.)-.25 E F1 -(vi\255cmd\255mode\255string \(\(cmd\)\))108 300 Q F0 .518(If the)144 -312 R F2(show\255mode\255in\255pr)3.018 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 -.25(va)3.018 G +(vi\255cmd\255mode\255string \(\(cmd\)\))108 492 Q F0 .518(If the)144 +504 R F2(show\255mode\255in\255pr)3.018 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 -.25(va)3.018 G .517(riable is enabled, this string is displayed immediately before the) .25 F .475(last line of the primary prompt when vi editing mode is acti) -144 324 R .775 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .476(nd in command mode.).15 F .476 -(The v)5.476 F(alue)-.25 E .33(is e)144 336 R .33(xpanded lik)-.15 F +144 516 R .775 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .476(nd in command mode.).15 F .476 +(The v)5.476 F(alue)-.25 E .33(is e)144 528 R .33(xpanded lik)-.15 F 2.83(eak)-.1 G .63 -.15(ey b)-2.93 H .33 (inding, so the standard set of meta- and control pre\214x).15 F .33 -(es and backslash es-)-.15 F .244(cape sequences is a)144 348 R -.25(va) +(es and backslash es-)-.15 F .244(cape sequences is a)144 540 R -.25(va) -.2 G 2.744(ilable. Use).25 F .244(the \\1 and \\2 escapes to be)2.744 F .245(gin and end sequences of non-printing)-.15 F(characters, which can\ be used to embed a terminal control sequence into the mode string.)144 -360 Q F1(vi\255ins\255mode\255string \(\(ins\)\))108 372 Q F0 .518 -(If the)144 384 R F2(show\255mode\255in\255pr)3.018 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 +552 Q F1(vi\255ins\255mode\255string \(\(ins\)\))108 564 Q F0 .518 +(If the)144 576 R F2(show\255mode\255in\255pr)3.018 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 -.25(va)3.018 G .517 (riable is enabled, this string is displayed immediately before the).25 F .186(last line of the primary prompt when vi editing mode is acti)144 -396 R .486 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .186(nd in insertion mode.).15 F .187(The v) -5.186 F .187(alue is)-.25 F -.15(ex)144 408 S .924(panded lik).15 F +588 R .486 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .186(nd in insertion mode.).15 F .187(The v) +5.186 F .187(alue is)-.25 F -.15(ex)144 600 S .924(panded lik).15 F 3.424(eak)-.1 G 1.224 -.15(ey b)-3.524 H .924 (inding, so the standard set of meta- and control pre\214x).15 F .923 -(es and backslash es-)-.15 F .244(cape sequences is a)144 420 R -.25(va) +(es and backslash es-)-.15 F .244(cape sequences is a)144 612 R -.25(va) -.2 G 2.744(ilable. Use).25 F .244(the \\1 and \\2 escapes to be)2.744 F .245(gin and end sequences of non-printing)-.15 F(characters, which can\ be used to embed a terminal control sequence into the mode string.)144 -432 Q F1(visible\255stats \(Off\))108 444 Q F0 .847(If set to)144 456 R +624 Q F1(visible\255stats \(Off\))108 636 Q F0 .847(If set to)144 648 R F1(On)3.346 E F0 3.346(,ac)C .846(haracter denoting a \214le')-3.346 F 3.346(st)-.55 G .846(ype as reported by)-3.346 F F2(stat)3.346 E F0 .846 (\(2\) is appended to the \214lename)B -(when listing possible completions.)144 468 Q F1 -(Readline Conditional Constructs)87 484.8 Q F0 .05 -(Readline implements a f)108 496.8 R .05(acility similar in spirit to t\ +(when listing possible completions.)144 660 Q F1 +(Readline Conditional Constructs)87 676.8 Q F0 .05 +(Readline implements a f)108 688.8 R .05(acility similar in spirit to t\ he conditional compilation features of the C preprocessor)-.1 F .097 -(which allo)108 508.8 R .097(ws k)-.25 F .396 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .096 +(which allo)108 700.8 R .097(ws k)-.25 F .396 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .096 (indings and v).15 F .096 (ariable settings to be performed as the result of tests.)-.25 F .096 -(There are four parser)5.096 F(directi)108 520.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5 -(su).15 G(sed.)-2.5 E F1($if)108 537.6 Q F0(The)144 537.6 Q F1($if)2.962 -E F0 .462(construct allo)2.962 F .463(ws bindings to be made based on t\ -he editing mode, the terminal being used,)-.25 F -(or the application using readline.)144 549.6 Q(The te)5 E -(xt of the test, after an)-.15 E 2.5(yc)-.15 G(omparison operator)-2.5 E -(,)-.4 E -.15(ex)146.5 561.6 S(tends to the end of the line; unless oth\ -erwise noted, no characters are required to isolate it.).15 E F1(mode) -144 578.4 Q F0(The)180 578.4 Q F1(mode=)3.712 E F0 1.212(form of the) -3.712 F F1($if)3.711 E F0(directi)3.711 E 1.511 -.15(ve i)-.25 H 3.711 -(su).15 G 1.211(sed to test whether readline is in emacs or vi)-3.711 F -3.065(mode. This)180 590.4 R .565(may be used in conjunction with the) -3.065 F F1 .565(set k)3.065 F(eymap)-.1 E F0 .565 -(command, for instance, to)3.065 F .735(set bindings in the)180 602.4 R -F2(emacs\255standar)3.235 E(d)-.37 E F0(and)3.235 E F2(emacs\255ctlx) -3.235 E F0 -.1(ke)3.235 G .735(ymaps only if readline is starting)-.05 F -(out in emacs mode.)180 614.4 Q F1(term)144 631.2 Q F0(The)180 631.2 Q +(There are four parser)5.096 F(directi)108 712.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5 +(su).15 G(sed.)-2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E +(46)188.45 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 47 47 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF($if)108 84 Q F0(The)144 84 Q F1($if)2.962 E F0 .462(construct allo) +2.962 F .463(ws bindings to be made based on the editing mode, the term\ +inal being used,)-.25 F(or the application using readline.)144 96 Q +(The te)5 E(xt of the test, after an)-.15 E 2.5(yc)-.15 G +(omparison operator)-2.5 E(,)-.4 E -.15(ex)146.5 108 S(tends to the end\ + of the line; unless otherwise noted, no characters are required to iso\ +late it.).15 E F1(mode)144 124.8 Q F0(The)180 124.8 Q F1(mode=)3.712 E +F0 1.212(form of the)3.712 F F1($if)3.711 E F0(directi)3.711 E 1.511 +-.15(ve i)-.25 H 3.711(su).15 G 1.211 +(sed to test whether readline is in emacs or vi)-3.711 F 3.065 +(mode. This)180 136.8 R .565(may be used in conjunction with the)3.065 F +F1 .565(set k)3.065 F(eymap)-.1 E F0 .565(command, for instance, to) +3.065 F .735(set bindings in the)180 148.8 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF +(emacs\255standar)3.235 E(d)-.37 E F0(and)3.235 E F2(emacs\255ctlx)3.235 +E F0 -.1(ke)3.235 G .735(ymaps only if readline is starting)-.05 F +(out in emacs mode.)180 160.8 Q F1(term)144 177.6 Q F0(The)180 177.6 Q F1(term=)3.196 E F0 .696 (form may be used to include terminal-speci\214c k)3.196 F .996 -.15 -(ey b)-.1 H .697(indings, perhaps to bind).15 F .654(the k)180 643.2 R +(ey b)-.1 H .697(indings, perhaps to bind).15 F .654(the k)180 189.6 R .954 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .654(equences output by the terminal').15 F 3.154 (sf)-.55 G .654(unction k)-3.154 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 3.154(s. The).15 F -.1 -(wo)3.154 G .654(rd on the right side of).1 F(the)180 655.2 Q F1(=)3.231 +(wo)3.154 G .654(rd on the right side of).1 F(the)180 201.6 Q F1(=)3.231 E F0 .731(is tested ag)3.231 F .732(ainst both the full name of the ter\ minal and the portion of the terminal)-.05 F(name before the \214rst)180 -667.2 Q F12.5 E F0 5(.T)C(his allo)-5 E(ws)-.25 E F2(sun)2.84 E F0 +213.6 Q F12.5 E F0 5(.T)C(his allo)-5 E(ws)-.25 E F2(sun)2.84 E F0 (to match both)2.74 E F2(sun)2.84 E F0(and)2.74 E F2(sun\255cmd)2.84 E -F0 2.5(,f).77 G(or instance.)-2.5 E F1 -.1(ve)144 684 S(rsion).1 E F0 -(The)180 696 Q F1 -.1(ve)3.109 G(rsion).1 E F0 .608 +F0 2.5(,f).77 G(or instance.)-2.5 E F1 -.1(ve)144 230.4 S(rsion).1 E F0 +(The)180 242.4 Q F1 -.1(ve)3.109 G(rsion).1 E F0 .608 (test may be used to perform comparisons ag)3.109 F .608 -(ainst speci\214c readline v)-.05 F(ersions.)-.15 E(The)180 708 Q F1 -.1 -(ve)2.771 G(rsion).1 E F0 -.15(ex)2.771 G .271 +(ainst speci\214c readline v)-.05 F(ersions.)-.15 E(The)180 254.4 Q F1 +-.1(ve)2.771 G(rsion).1 E F0 -.15(ex)2.771 G .271 (pands to the current readline v).15 F 2.772(ersion. The)-.15 F .272 -(set of comparison operators in-)2.772 F(cludes)180 720 Q F1(=)3.064 E +(set of comparison operators in-)2.772 F(cludes)180 266.4 Q F1(=)3.064 E F0 3.064(,\()C(and)-3.064 E F1(==)3.064 E F0(\),)A F1(!=)3.064 E F0(,)A F1(<=)3.064 E F0(,)A F1(>=)3.064 E F0(,)A F1(<)3.064 E F0 3.064(,a)C(nd) -3.064 E F1(>)3.064 E F0 5.563(.T)C .563(he v)-5.563 F .563 -(ersion number supplied on the right side)-.15 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q -(2022 January 17)141.79 E(46)190.95 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 47 47 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .318 -(of the operator consists of a major v)180 84 R .318(ersion number)-.15 -F 2.818(,a)-.4 G 2.818(no)-2.818 G .318 -(ptional decimal point, and an op-)-2.818 F .101(tional minor v)180 96 R -.101(ersion \(e.g.,)-.15 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(7.1)2.601 E F0 .101 +(ersion number supplied on the right side)-.15 F .318 +(of the operator consists of a major v)180 278.4 R .318(ersion number) +-.15 F 2.818(,a)-.4 G 2.818(no)-2.818 G .318 +(ptional decimal point, and an op-)-2.818 F .101(tional minor v)180 +290.4 R .101(ersion \(e.g.,)-.15 F F1(7.1)2.601 E F0 .101 (\). If the minor v)B .1(ersion is omitted, it is assumed to be)-.15 F F1(0)2.6 E F0 5.1(.T)C(he)-5.1 E .06 -(operator may be separated from the string)180 108 R F1 -.1(ve)2.56 G +(operator may be separated from the string)180 302.4 R F1 -.1(ve)2.56 G (rsion).1 E F0 .06(and from the v)2.56 F .06(ersion number ar)-.15 F -(gument)-.18 E(by whitespace.)180 120 Q F1(application)144 136.8 Q F0 -(The)180 148.8 Q F1(application)3.003 E F0 .503 +(gument)-.18 E(by whitespace.)180 314.4 Q F1(application)144 331.2 Q F0 +(The)180 343.2 Q F1(application)3.003 E F0 .503 (construct is used to include application-speci\214c settings.)3.003 F .503(Each program)5.503 F .114(using the readline library sets the)180 -160.8 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF .114(application name)2.614 F F0 2.614 -(,a)C .114(nd an initialization \214le can test for a)-2.614 F .501 -(particular v)180 172.8 R 3.001(alue. This)-.25 F .501 -(could be used to bind k)3.001 F .801 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .5 -(equences to functions useful for a spe-).15 F .396(ci\214c program.)180 -184.8 R -.15(Fo)5.396 G 2.896(ri).15 G .396(nstance, the follo)-2.896 F -.396(wing command adds a k)-.25 F .696 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .397 -(equence that quotes the).15 F(current or pre)180 196.8 Q(vious w)-.25 E -(ord in)-.1 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(:)A F1($if)180 220.8 Q F0(Bash)2.5 E 2.5 -(#Q)180 232.8 S(uote the current or pre)-2.5 E(vious w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E -("\\C\255xq": "\\eb\\"\\ef\\"")180 244.8 Q F1($endif)180 256.8 Q F2 -(variable)144 273.6 Q F0(The)180 285.6 Q F2(variable)3.777 E F0 1.277 -(construct pro)3.777 F 1.276(vides simple equality tests for readline v) --.15 F 1.276(ariables and v)-.25 F(alues.)-.25 E .079 -(The permitted comparison operators are)180 297.6 R F2(=)2.579 E F0(,)A -F2(==)2.579 E F0 2.579(,a)C(nd)-2.579 E F2(!=)2.579 E F0 5.079(.T)C .079 -(he v)-5.079 F .08(ariable name must be sepa-)-.25 F .98(rated from the\ - comparison operator by whitespace; the operator may be separated from) -180 309.6 R .129(the v)180 321.6 R .129 +355.2 R F2 .114(application name)2.614 F F0 2.614(,a)C .114 +(nd an initialization \214le can test for a)-2.614 F .501(particular v) +180 367.2 R 3.001(alue. This)-.25 F .501(could be used to bind k)3.001 F +.801 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .5(equences to functions useful for a spe-).15 F +.396(ci\214c program.)180 379.2 R -.15(Fo)5.396 G 2.896(ri).15 G .396 +(nstance, the follo)-2.896 F .396(wing command adds a k)-.25 F .696 -.15 +(ey s)-.1 H .397(equence that quotes the).15 F(current or pre)180 391.2 +Q(vious w)-.25 E(ord in)-.1 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(:)A F1($if)180 415.2 Q F0 +(Bash)2.5 E 2.5(#Q)180 427.2 S(uote the current or pre)-2.5 E(vious w) +-.25 E(ord)-.1 E("\\C\255xq": "\\eb\\"\\ef\\"")180 439.2 Q F1($endif)180 +451.2 Q F2(variable)144 468 Q F0(The)180 480 Q F2(variable)3.777 E F0 +1.277(construct pro)3.777 F 1.276 +(vides simple equality tests for readline v)-.15 F 1.276(ariables and v) +-.25 F(alues.)-.25 E .079(The permitted comparison operators are)180 492 +R F2(=)2.579 E F0(,)A F2(==)2.579 E F0 2.579(,a)C(nd)-2.579 E F2(!=) +2.579 E F0 5.079(.T)C .079(he v)-5.079 F .08(ariable name must be sepa-) +-.25 F .98(rated from the comparison operator by whitespace; the operat\ +or may be separated from)180 504 R .129(the v)180 516 R .129 (alue on the right hand side by whitespace.)-.25 F .13 (Both string and boolean v)5.129 F .13(ariables may be)-.25 F -(tested. Boolean v)180 333.6 Q(ariables must be tested ag)-.25 E +(tested. Boolean v)180 528 Q(ariables must be tested ag)-.25 E (ainst the v)-.05 E(alues)-.25 E F2(on)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F2(of)2.5 E(f) --.18 E F0(.)A F1($endif)108 350.4 Q F0(This command, as seen in the pre) -144 350.4 Q(vious e)-.25 E(xample, terminates an)-.15 E F1($if)2.5 E F0 -(command.)2.5 E F1($else)108 367.2 Q F0(Commands in this branch of the) -144 367.2 Q F1($if)2.5 E F0(directi)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(re e).15 E --.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted if the test f).15 E(ails.)-.1 E F1($include)108 384 -Q F0 .357(This directi)144 396 R .657 -.15(ve t)-.25 H(ak).15 E .357 -(es a single \214lename as an ar)-.1 F .356 +-.18 E F0(.)A F1($endif)108 544.8 Q F0(This command, as seen in the pre) +144 544.8 Q(vious e)-.25 E(xample, terminates an)-.15 E F1($if)2.5 E F0 +(command.)2.5 E F1($else)108 561.6 Q F0(Commands in this branch of the) +144 561.6 Q F1($if)2.5 E F0(directi)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(re e).15 E +-.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted if the test f).15 E(ails.)-.1 E F1($include)108 +578.4 Q F0 .357(This directi)144 590.4 R .657 -.15(ve t)-.25 H(ak).15 E +.357(es a single \214lename as an ar)-.1 F .356 (gument and reads commands and bindings from that)-.18 F 2.5(\214le. F) -144 408 R(or e)-.15 E(xample, the follo)-.15 E(wing directi)-.25 E .3 +144 602.4 R(or e)-.15 E(xample, the follo)-.15 E(wing directi)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve w)-.25 H(ould read).05 E F2(/etc/inputr)2.5 E(c)-.37 E F0(:)A F1 -($include)144 432 Q F2(/etc/inputr)5.833 E(c)-.37 E F1(Sear)87 448.8 Q -(ching)-.18 E F0 .834(Readline pro)108 460.8 R .834 +($include)144 626.4 Q F2(/etc/inputr)5.833 E(c)-.37 E F1(Sear)87 643.2 Q +(ching)-.18 E F0 .834(Readline pro)108 655.2 R .834 (vides commands for searching through the command history \(see)-.15 F /F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)3.335 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F0(belo)3.085 E -.835(w\) for lines)-.25 F(containing a speci\214ed string.)108 472.8 Q +.835(w\) for lines)-.25 F(containing a speci\214ed string.)108 667.2 Q (There are tw)5 E 2.5(os)-.1 G(earch modes:)-2.5 E F2(incr)2.51 E (emental)-.37 E F0(and)3.01 E F2(non-incr)2.86 E(emental)-.37 E F0(.).51 -E .698(Incremental searches be)108 489.6 R .698 +E .698(Incremental searches be)108 684 R .698 (gin before the user has \214nished typing the search string.)-.15 F .697(As each character of the)5.697 F .112 -(search string is typed, readline displays the ne)108 501.6 R .112 +(search string is typed, readline displays the ne)108 696 R .112 (xt entry from the history matching the string typed so f)-.15 F(ar)-.1 E 5.113(.A)-.55 G(n)-5.113 E .542 -(incremental search requires only as man)108 513.6 R 3.042(yc)-.15 G -.542(haracters as needed to \214nd the desired history entry)-3.042 F -5.541(.T)-.65 G .541(he char)-5.541 F(-)-.2 E .224 -(acters present in the v)108 525.6 R .224(alue of the)-.25 F F1(isear) -2.724 E(ch-terminators)-.18 E F0 -.25(va)2.724 G .224 -(riable are used to terminate an incremental search.).25 F .66 -(If that v)108 537.6 R .66(ariable has not been assigned a v)-.25 F .66 +(incremental search requires only as man)108 708 R 3.042(yc)-.15 G .542 +(haracters as needed to \214nd the desired history entry)-3.042 F 5.541 +(.T)-.65 G .541(he char)-5.541 F(-)-.2 E .224(acters present in the v) +108 720 R .224(alue of the)-.25 F F1(isear)2.724 E(ch-terminators)-.18 E +F0 -.25(va)2.724 G .224 +(riable are used to terminate an incremental search.).25 F(GNU Bash 5.2) +72 768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(47)188.45 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 48 48 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .66(If that v)108 +84 R .66(ariable has not been assigned a v)-.25 F .66 (alue the Escape and Control-J characters will terminate an incre-)-.25 -F .096(mental search.)108 549.6 R .096(Control-G will abort an incremen\ -tal search and restore the original line.)5.096 F .097 -(When the search is)5.097 F(terminated, the history entry containing th\ -e search string becomes the current line.)108 561.6 Q 2.939 -.8(To \214) -108 578.4 T 1.339(nd other matching entries in the history list, type C\ -ontrol-S or Control-R as appropriate.).8 F 1.338(This will)6.338 F .674 -(search backw)108 590.4 R .674(ard or forw)-.1 F .674 -(ard in the history for the ne)-.1 F .675 -(xt entry matching the search string typed so f)-.15 F(ar)-.1 E 5.675 -(.A)-.55 G -.15(ny)-5.675 G .175(other k)108 602.4 R .475 -.15(ey s)-.1 -H .174 +F .096(mental search.)108 96 R .096(Control-G will abort an incremental\ + search and restore the original line.)5.096 F .097(When the search is) +5.097 F(terminated, the history entry containing the search string beco\ +mes the current line.)108 108 Q 2.939 -.8(To \214)108 124.8 T 1.339(nd \ +other matching entries in the history list, type Control-S or Control-R\ + as appropriate.).8 F 1.338(This will)6.338 F .674(search backw)108 +136.8 R .674(ard or forw)-.1 F .674(ard in the history for the ne)-.1 F +.675(xt entry matching the search string typed so f)-.15 F(ar)-.1 E +5.675(.A)-.55 G -.15(ny)-5.675 G .175(other k)108 148.8 R .475 -.15 +(ey s)-.1 H .174 (equence bound to a readline command will terminate the search and e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .174(cute that command.).15 F -.15(Fo)5.174 G(r).15 E -.54(instance, a)108 614.4 R F2(ne)3.04 E(wline)-.15 E F0 .541 -(will terminate the search and accept the line, thereby e)3.04 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G .541(cuting the command from the).15 F(history list.)108 -626.4 Q .653(Readline remembers the last incremental search string.)108 -643.2 R .653(If tw)5.653 F 3.153(oC)-.1 G .653 +.54(instance, a)108 160.8 R/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ne)3.04 E(wline)-.15 +E F0 .541(will terminate the search and accept the line, thereby e)3.04 +F -.15(xe)-.15 G .541(cuting the command from the).15 F(history list.) +108 172.8 Q .653(Readline remembers the last incremental search string.) +108 189.6 R .653(If tw)5.653 F 3.153(oC)-.1 G .653 (ontrol-Rs are typed without an)-3.153 F 3.152(yi)-.15 G(nterv)-3.152 E -(en-)-.15 E(ing characters de\214ning a ne)108 655.2 Q 2.5(ws)-.25 G +(en-)-.15 E(ing characters de\214ning a ne)108 201.6 Q 2.5(ws)-.25 G (earch string, an)-2.5 E 2.5(yr)-.15 G(emembered search string is used.) -2.5 E .567(Non-incremental searches read the entire search string befo\ -re starting to search for matching history lines.)108 672 R(The search \ -string may be typed by the user or be part of the contents of the curre\ -nt line.)108 684 Q F1(Readline Command Names)87 700.8 Q F0 1.392 -(The follo)108 712.8 R 1.391 +re starting to search for matching history lines.)108 218.4 R(The searc\ +h string may be typed by the user or be part of the contents of the cur\ +rent line.)108 230.4 Q/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Readline Command Names)87 +247.2 Q F0 1.392(The follo)108 259.2 R 1.391 (wing is a list of the names of the commands and the def)-.25 F 1.391 (ault k)-.1 F 1.691 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 1.391(equences to which the).15 F -3.891(ya)-.15 G(re)-3.891 E 2.621(bound. Command)108 724.8 R .121 +3.891(ya)-.15 G(re)-3.891 E 2.621(bound. Command)108 271.2 R .121 (names without an accompan)2.621 F .121(ying k)-.15 F .421 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .122(equence are unbound by def).15 F 2.622(ault. In)-.1 F .122 -(the follo)2.622 F(wing)-.25 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 January 17) -141.79 E(47)190.95 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 48 48 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(descriptions,)108 -84 Q/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(point)3.411 E F0 .911 -(refers to the current cursor position, and)3.411 F F1(mark)3.411 E F0 -.91(refers to a cursor position sa)3.411 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.41(db).15 G -3.41(yt)-3.41 G(he)-3.41 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(set\255mark)108 96 Q F0 -2.5(command. The)2.5 F(te)2.5 E +(the follo)2.622 F(wing)-.25 E(descriptions,)108 283.2 Q F1(point)3.411 +E F0 .911(refers to the current cursor position, and)3.411 F F1(mark) +3.411 E F0 .91(refers to a cursor position sa)3.411 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.41 +(db).15 G 3.41(yt)-3.41 G(he)-3.41 E F2(set\255mark)108 295.2 Q F0 2.5 +(command. The)2.5 F(te)2.5 E (xt between the point and mark is referred to as the)-.15 E F1 -.37(re) -2.5 G(gion)-.03 E F0(.)A F2(Commands f)87 112.8 Q(or Mo)-.25 E(ving)-.1 -E(beginning\255of\255line \(C\255a\))108 124.8 Q F0(Mo)144 136.8 Q .3 --.15(ve t)-.15 H 2.5(ot).15 G(he start of the current line.)-2.5 E F2 -(end\255of\255line \(C\255e\))108 148.8 Q F0(Mo)144 160.8 Q .3 -.15 -(ve t)-.15 H 2.5(ot).15 G(he end of the line.)-2.5 E F2 -.25(fo)108 -172.8 S(rward\255char \(C\255f\)).25 E F0(Mo)144 184.8 Q .3 -.15(ve f) --.15 H(orw).15 E(ard a character)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F2 -(backward\255char \(C\255b\))108 196.8 Q F0(Mo)144 208.8 Q .3 -.15(ve b) --.15 H(ack a character).15 E(.)-.55 E F2 -.25(fo)108 220.8 S(rward\255w) -.25 E(ord \(M\255f\))-.1 E F0(Mo)144 232.8 Q .822 -.15(ve f)-.15 H(orw) -.15 E .522(ard to the end of the ne)-.1 F .523(xt w)-.15 F 3.023(ord. W) --.1 F .523(ords are composed of alphanumeric characters \(let-)-.8 F -(ters and digits\).)144 244.8 Q F2(backward\255w)108 256.8 Q -(ord \(M\255b\))-.1 E F0(Mo)144 268.8 Q 1.71 -.15(ve b)-.15 H 1.41 +2.5 G(gion)-.03 E F0(.)A F2(Commands f)87 312 Q(or Mo)-.25 E(ving)-.1 E +(beginning\255of\255line \(C\255a\))108 324 Q F0(Mo)144 336 Q .3 -.15 +(ve t)-.15 H 2.5(ot).15 G(he start of the current line.)-2.5 E F2 +(end\255of\255line \(C\255e\))108 348 Q F0(Mo)144 360 Q .3 -.15(ve t) +-.15 H 2.5(ot).15 G(he end of the line.)-2.5 E F2 -.25(fo)108 372 S +(rward\255char \(C\255f\)).25 E F0(Mo)144 384 Q .3 -.15(ve f)-.15 H(orw) +.15 E(ard a character)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F2(backward\255char \(C\255b\))108 +396 Q F0(Mo)144 408 Q .3 -.15(ve b)-.15 H(ack a character).15 E(.)-.55 E +F2 -.25(fo)108 420 S(rward\255w).25 E(ord \(M\255f\))-.1 E F0(Mo)144 432 +Q .822 -.15(ve f)-.15 H(orw).15 E .522(ard to the end of the ne)-.1 F +.523(xt w)-.15 F 3.023(ord. W)-.1 F .523 +(ords are composed of alphanumeric characters \(let-)-.8 F +(ters and digits\).)144 444 Q F2(backward\255w)108 456 Q(ord \(M\255b\)) +-.1 E F0(Mo)144 468 Q 1.71 -.15(ve b)-.15 H 1.41 (ack to the start of the current or pre).15 F 1.41(vious w)-.25 F 3.91 (ord. W)-.1 F 1.41(ords are composed of alphanumeric)-.8 F -(characters \(letters and digits\).)144 280.8 Q F2(shell\255f)108 292.8 -Q(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Mo)144 304.8 Q .784 -.15(ve f)-.15 H -(orw).15 E .484(ard to the end of the ne)-.1 F .484(xt w)-.15 F 2.984 -(ord. W)-.1 F .484(ords are delimited by non-quoted shell metacharac-) --.8 F(ters.)144 316.8 Q F2(shell\255backward\255w)108 328.8 Q(ord)-.1 E -F0(Mo)144 340.8 Q .909 -.15(ve b)-.15 H .609 -(ack to the start of the current or pre).15 F .609(vious w)-.25 F 3.109 -(ord. W)-.1 F .608(ords are delimited by non-quoted shell)-.8 F -(metacharacters.)144 352.8 Q F2(pr)108 364.8 Q -.15(ev)-.18 G -(ious\255scr).15 E(een\255line)-.18 E F0 .89(Attempt to mo)144 376.8 R -1.19 -.15(ve p)-.15 H .89(oint to the same ph).15 F .891 -(ysical screen column on the pre)-.05 F .891(vious ph)-.25 F .891 -(ysical screen line.)-.05 F .87(This will not ha)144 388.8 R 1.17 -.15 -(ve t)-.2 H .87(he desired ef).15 F .87 -(fect if the current Readline line does not tak)-.25 F 3.37(eu)-.1 G -3.37(pm)-3.37 G .87(ore than one)-3.37 F(ph)144 400.8 Q(ysical line or \ -if point is not greater than the length of the prompt plus the screen w\ -idth.)-.05 E F2(next\255scr)108 412.8 Q(een\255line)-.18 E F0 .637 -(Attempt to mo)144 424.8 R .937 -.15(ve p)-.15 H .637 -(oint to the same ph).15 F .638(ysical screen column on the ne)-.05 F -.638(xt ph)-.15 F .638(ysical screen line. This)-.05 F .009(will not ha) -144 436.8 R .309 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .009(he desired ef).15 F .009 +(characters \(letters and digits\).)144 480 Q F2(shell\255f)108 492 Q +(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Mo)144 504 Q .784 -.15(ve f)-.15 H(orw) +.15 E .484(ard to the end of the ne)-.1 F .484(xt w)-.15 F 2.984(ord. W) +-.1 F .484(ords are delimited by non-quoted shell metacharac-)-.8 F +(ters.)144 516 Q F2(shell\255backward\255w)108 528 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(Mo)144 +540 Q .909 -.15(ve b)-.15 H .609(ack to the start of the current or pre) +.15 F .609(vious w)-.25 F 3.109(ord. W)-.1 F .608 +(ords are delimited by non-quoted shell)-.8 F(metacharacters.)144 552 Q +F2(pr)108 564 Q -.15(ev)-.18 G(ious\255scr).15 E(een\255line)-.18 E F0 +.89(Attempt to mo)144 576 R 1.19 -.15(ve p)-.15 H .89 +(oint to the same ph).15 F .891(ysical screen column on the pre)-.05 F +.891(vious ph)-.25 F .891(ysical screen line.)-.05 F .87 +(This will not ha)144 588 R 1.17 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .87(he desired ef).15 F +.87(fect if the current Readline line does not tak)-.25 F 3.37(eu)-.1 G +3.37(pm)-3.37 G .87(ore than one)-3.37 F(ph)144 600 Q(ysical line or if\ + point is not greater than the length of the prompt plus the screen wid\ +th.)-.05 E F2(next\255scr)108 612 Q(een\255line)-.18 E F0 .637 +(Attempt to mo)144 624 R .937 -.15(ve p)-.15 H .637(oint to the same ph) +.15 F .638(ysical screen column on the ne)-.05 F .638(xt ph)-.15 F .638 +(ysical screen line. This)-.05 F .009(will not ha)144 636 R .309 -.15 +(ve t)-.2 H .009(he desired ef).15 F .009 (fect if the current Readline line does not tak)-.25 F 2.509(eu)-.1 G 2.509(pm)-2.509 G .008(ore than one ph)-2.509 F(ysical)-.05 E .772(line\ or if the length of the current Readline line is not greater than the \ -length of the prompt plus)144 448.8 R(the screen width.)144 460.8 Q F2 -(clear\255display \(M\255C\255l\))108 472.8 Q F0 1.499 -(Clear the screen and, if possible, the terminal')144 484.8 R 3.999(ss) +length of the prompt plus)144 648 R(the screen width.)144 660 Q F2 +(clear\255display \(M\255C\255l\))108 672 Q F0 1.499 +(Clear the screen and, if possible, the terminal')144 684 R 3.999(ss) -.55 G 1.498(crollback b)-3.999 F(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 3.998(,t)-.4 G 1.498(hen redra)-3.998 F 3.998(wt)-.15 G 1.498(he current line,)-3.998 F -(lea)144 496.8 Q(ving the current line at the top of the screen.)-.2 E -F2(clear\255scr)108 508.8 Q(een \(C\255l\))-.18 E F0 1.36 -(Clear the screen, then redra)144 520.8 R 3.86(wt)-.15 G 1.36 +(lea)144 696 Q(ving the current line at the top of the screen.)-.2 E +(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(48)188.45 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 49 49 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF(clear\255scr)108 84 Q(een \(C\255l\))-.18 E F0 1.36 +(Clear the screen, then redra)144 96 R 3.86(wt)-.15 G 1.36 (he current line, lea)-3.86 F 1.36 -(ving the current line at the top of the screen.)-.2 F -.4(Wi)144 532.8 -S(th an ar).4 E -(gument, refresh the current line without clearing the screen.)-.18 E F2 --.18(re)108 544.8 S(draw\255curr).18 E(ent\255line)-.18 E F0 -(Refresh the current line.)144 556.8 Q F2(Commands f)87 573.6 Q +(ving the current line at the top of the screen.)-.2 F -.4(Wi)144 108 S +(th an ar).4 E +(gument, refresh the current line without clearing the screen.)-.18 E F1 +-.18(re)108 120 S(draw\255curr).18 E(ent\255line)-.18 E F0 +(Refresh the current line.)144 132 Q F1(Commands f)87 148.8 Q (or Manipulating the History)-.25 E(accept\255line \(Newline, Retur)108 -585.6 Q(n\))-.15 E F0 .159(Accept the line re)144 597.6 R -.05(ga)-.15 G +160.8 Q(n\))-.15 E F0 .159(Accept the line re)144 172.8 R -.05(ga)-.15 G .159(rdless of where the cursor is.).05 F .158 (If this line is non-empty)5.158 F 2.658(,a)-.65 G .158 (dd it to the history list)-2.658 F .699(according to the state of the) -144 609.6 R/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTCONTR)3.199 E(OL)-.27 E F0 -.25(va) +144 184.8 R/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTCONTR)3.199 E(OL)-.27 E F0 -.25(va) 2.949 G 3.199(riable. If).25 F .699 (the line is a modi\214ed history line, then)3.199 F -(restore the history line to its original state.)144 621.6 Q F2(pr)108 -633.6 Q -.15(ev)-.18 G(ious\255history \(C\255p\)).15 E F0 -(Fetch the pre)144 645.6 Q(vious command from the history list, mo)-.25 -E(ving back in the list.)-.15 E F2(next\255history \(C\255n\))108 657.6 -Q F0(Fetch the ne)144 669.6 Q(xt command from the history list, mo)-.15 -E(ving forw)-.15 E(ard in the list.)-.1 E F2 -(beginning\255of\255history \(M\255<\))108 681.6 Q F0(Mo)144 693.6 Q .3 +(restore the history line to its original state.)144 196.8 Q F1(pr)108 +208.8 Q -.15(ev)-.18 G(ious\255history \(C\255p\)).15 E F0 +(Fetch the pre)144 220.8 Q(vious command from the history list, mo)-.25 +E(ving back in the list.)-.15 E F1(next\255history \(C\255n\))108 232.8 +Q F0(Fetch the ne)144 244.8 Q(xt command from the history list, mo)-.15 +E(ving forw)-.15 E(ard in the list.)-.1 E F1 +(beginning\255of\255history \(M\255<\))108 256.8 Q F0(Mo)144 268.8 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.15 H 2.5(ot).15 G(he \214rst line in the history)-2.5 E(.) --.65 E F2(end\255of\255history \(M\255>\))108 705.6 Q F0(Mo)144 717.6 Q +-.65 E F1(end\255of\255history \(M\255>\))108 280.8 Q F0(Mo)144 292.8 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.15 H 2.5(ot).15 G(he end of the input history)-2.5 E 2.5 -(,i)-.65 G(.e., the line currently being entered.)-2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 -768 Q(2022 January 17)141.79 E(48)190.95 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 49 49 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(operate\255and\255get\255next \(C\255o\))108 84 Q F0 .948 -(Accept the current line for e)144 96 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .948 +(,i)-.65 G(.e., the line currently being entered.)-2.5 E F1 +(operate\255and\255get\255next \(C\255o\))108 304.8 Q F0 .948 +(Accept the current line for e)144 316.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .948 (cution and fetch the ne).15 F .948(xt line relati)-.15 F 1.247 -.15 (ve t)-.25 H 3.447(ot).15 G .947(he current line from the)-3.447 F .729 -(history for editing.)144 108 R 3.229(An)5.729 G .729(umeric ar)-3.229 F -.729 +(history for editing.)144 328.8 R 3.229(An)5.729 G .729(umeric ar)-3.229 +F .729 (gument, if supplied, speci\214es the history entry to use instead of) --.18 F(the current line.)144 120 Q F1(fetch\255history)108 132 Q F0 -.4 -(Wi)144 144 S .257(th a numeric ar).4 F .257 +-.18 F(the current line.)144 340.8 Q F1(fetch\255history)108 352.8 Q F0 +-.4(Wi)144 364.8 S .257(th a numeric ar).4 F .257 (gument, fetch that entry from the history list and mak)-.18 F 2.756(ei) -.1 G 2.756(tt)-2.756 G .256(he current line.)-2.756 F -.4(Wi)5.256 G -(th-).4 E(out an ar)144 156 Q(gument, mo)-.18 E .3 -.15(ve b)-.15 H +(th-).4 E(out an ar)144 376.8 Q(gument, mo)-.18 E .3 -.15(ve b)-.15 H (ack to the \214rst entry in the history list.).15 E F1 -2.29 -.18(re v) -108 168 T(erse\255sear).08 E(ch\255history \(C\255r\))-.18 E F0 1.47 -(Search backw)144 180 R 1.471(ard starting at the current line and mo) +108 388.8 T(erse\255sear).08 E(ch\255history \(C\255r\))-.18 E F0 1.47 +(Search backw)144 400.8 R 1.471(ard starting at the current line and mo) -.1 F 1.471(ving `up' through the history as necessary)-.15 F(.)-.65 E -(This is an incremental search.)144 192 Q F1 -.25(fo)108 204 S +(This is an incremental search.)144 412.8 Q F1 -.25(fo)108 424.8 S (rward\255sear).25 E(ch\255history \(C\255s\))-.18 E F0 1.132 -(Search forw)144 216 R 1.132(ard starting at the current line and mo)-.1 -F 1.131(ving `do)-.15 F 1.131(wn' through the history as necessary)-.25 -F(.)-.65 E(This is an incremental search.)144 228 Q F1(non\255incr)108 -240 Q(emental\255r)-.18 E -2.3 -.15(ev e)-.18 H(rse\255sear).15 E -(ch\255history \(M\255p\))-.18 E F0 .164(Search backw)144 252 R .164(ar\ -d through the history starting at the current line using a non-incremen\ -tal search for)-.1 F 2.5(as)144 264 S(tring supplied by the user)-2.5 E -(.)-.55 E F1(non\255incr)108 276 Q(emental\255f)-.18 E(orward\255sear) --.25 E(ch\255history \(M\255n\))-.18 E F0 1.354(Search forw)144 288 R -1.354(ard through the history using a non-incremental search for a stri\ -ng supplied by the)-.1 F(user)144 300 Q(.)-.55 E F1(history\255sear)108 -312 Q(ch\255f)-.18 E(orward)-.25 E F0 .248(Search forw)144 324 R .249(a\ -rd through the history for the string of characters between the start o\ -f the current line)-.1 F(and the point.)144 336 Q -(This is a non-incremental search.)5 E F1(history\255sear)108 348 Q -(ch\255backward)-.18 E F0 .951(Search backw)144 360 R .951(ard through \ -the history for the string of characters between the start of the curre\ -nt)-.1 F(line and the point.)144 372 Q +(Search forw)144 436.8 R 1.132(ard starting at the current line and mo) +-.1 F 1.131(ving `do)-.15 F 1.131(wn' through the history as necessary) +-.25 F(.)-.65 E(This is an incremental search.)144 448.8 Q F1 +(non\255incr)108 460.8 Q(emental\255r)-.18 E -2.3 -.15(ev e)-.18 H +(rse\255sear).15 E(ch\255history \(M\255p\))-.18 E F0 .164(Search backw) +144 472.8 R .164(ard through the history starting at the current line u\ +sing a non-incremental search for)-.1 F 2.5(as)144 484.8 S +(tring supplied by the user)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1(non\255incr)108 496.8 Q +(emental\255f)-.18 E(orward\255sear)-.25 E(ch\255history \(M\255n\))-.18 +E F0 1.354(Search forw)144 508.8 R 1.354(ard through the history using \ +a non-incremental search for a string supplied by the)-.1 F(user)144 +520.8 Q(.)-.55 E F1(history\255sear)108 532.8 Q(ch\255f)-.18 E(orward) +-.25 E F0 .248(Search forw)144 544.8 R .249(ard through the history for\ + the string of characters between the start of the current line)-.1 F +(and the point.)144 556.8 Q(This is a non-incremental search.)5 E F1 +(history\255sear)108 568.8 Q(ch\255backward)-.18 E F0 .951(Search backw) +144 580.8 R .951(ard through the history for the string of characters b\ +etween the start of the current)-.1 F(line and the point.)144 592.8 Q (This is a non-incremental search.)5 E F1(history\255substring\255sear) -108 384 Q(ch\255backward)-.18 E F0 .95(Search backw)144 396 R .951(ard \ -through the history for the string of characters between the start of t\ -he current)-.1 F .007(line and the current cursor position \(the)144 408 -R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(point)2.507 E F0 2.507(\). The)B .007 +108 604.8 Q(ch\255backward)-.18 E F0 .95(Search backw)144 616.8 R .951(\ +ard through the history for the string of characters between the start \ +of the current)-.1 F .007(line and the current cursor position \(the)144 +628.8 R/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(point)2.507 E F0 2.507(\). The)B .007 (search string may match an)2.507 F .006(ywhere in a history)-.15 F 2.5 -(line. This)144 420 R(is a non-incremental search.)2.5 E F1 -(history\255substring\255sear)108 432 Q(ch\255f)-.18 E(orward)-.25 E F0 -.248(Search forw)144 444 R .249(ard through the history for the string \ -of characters between the start of the current line)-.1 F .319 -(and the point.)144 456 R .319(The search string may match an)5.319 F +(line. This)144 640.8 R(is a non-incremental search.)2.5 E F1 +(history\255substring\255sear)108 652.8 Q(ch\255f)-.18 E(orward)-.25 E +F0 .248(Search forw)144 664.8 R .249(ard through the history for the st\ +ring of characters between the start of the current line)-.1 F .319 +(and the point.)144 676.8 R .319(The search string may match an)5.319 F .319(ywhere in a history line.)-.15 F .318(This is a non-incremental) -5.318 F(search.)144 468 Q F1(yank\255nth\255ar)108 480 Q 2.5(g\()-.1 G -<4dad43ad7929>-2.5 E F0 .622(Insert the \214rst ar)144 492 R .622 +5.318 F(search.)144 688.8 Q F1(yank\255nth\255ar)108 700.8 Q 2.5(g\()-.1 +G<4dad43ad7929>-2.5 E F0 .622(Insert the \214rst ar)144 712.8 R .622 (gument to the pre)-.18 F .622(vious command \(usually the second w)-.25 F .622(ord on the pre)-.1 F .622(vious line\))-.25 F .773(at point.)144 -504 R -.4(Wi)5.773 G .773(th an ar).4 F(gument)-.18 E F2(n)3.633 E F0 -3.273(,i).24 G .773(nsert the)-3.273 F F2(n)3.273 E F0 .773(th w)B .773 +724.8 R -.4(Wi)5.773 G .773(th an ar).4 F(gument)-.18 E F3(n)3.633 E F0 +3.273(,i).24 G .773(nsert the)-3.273 F F3(n)3.273 E F0 .773(th w)B .773 (ord from the pre)-.1 F .773(vious command \(the w)-.25 F .773 -(ords in the)-.1 F(pre)144 516 Q .291(vious command be)-.25 F .291 -(gin with w)-.15 F .291(ord 0\).)-.1 F 2.791(An)5.291 G -2.25 -.15(eg a) --2.791 H(ti).15 E .591 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G .291 -(ument inserts the).18 F F2(n)2.791 E F0 .291(th w)B .292 -(ord from the end of)-.1 F .282(the pre)144 528 R .282(vious command.) --.25 F .282(Once the ar)5.282 F(gument)-.18 E F2(n)2.781 E F0 .281 -(is computed, the ar)2.781 F .281(gument is e)-.18 F .281 -(xtracted as if the "!)-.15 F F2(n)A F0(")A(history e)144 540 Q -(xpansion had been speci\214ed.)-.15 E F1(yank\255last\255ar)108 552 Q -2.5(g\()-.1 G -1.667(M\255. ,)-2.5 F -1.667(M\255_ \))2.5 F F0 1.307 -(Insert the last ar)144 564 R 1.307(gument to the pre)-.18 F 1.307 -(vious command \(the last w)-.25 F 1.308(ord of the pre)-.1 F 1.308 -(vious history entry\).)-.25 F -.4(Wi)144 576 S .204(th a numeric ar).4 -F .204(gument, beha)-.18 F .504 -.15(ve ex)-.2 H .204(actly lik).15 F(e) --.1 E F1(yank\255nth\255ar)2.704 E(g)-.1 E F0 5.203(.S)C(uccessi)-5.203 -E .503 -.15(ve c)-.25 H .203(alls to).15 F F1(yank\255last\255ar)2.703 E -(g)-.1 E F0(mo)144 588 Q .806 -.15(ve b)-.15 H .507 -(ack through the history list, inserting the last w).15 F .507 +(ords in the)-.1 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(49) +188.45 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 50 50 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(pre)144 84 Q .291 +(vious command be)-.25 F .291(gin with w)-.15 F .291(ord 0\).)-.1 F +2.791(An)5.291 G -2.25 -.15(eg a)-2.791 H(ti).15 E .591 -.15(ve a)-.25 H +-.18(rg).15 G .291(ument inserts the).18 F/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n) +2.791 E F0 .291(th w)B .292(ord from the end of)-.1 F .282(the pre)144 +96 R .282(vious command.)-.25 F .282(Once the ar)5.282 F(gument)-.18 E +F1(n)2.781 E F0 .281(is computed, the ar)2.781 F .281(gument is e)-.18 F +.281(xtracted as if the "!)-.15 F F1(n)A F0(")A(history e)144 108 Q +(xpansion had been speci\214ed.)-.15 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF +(yank\255last\255ar)108 120 Q 2.5(g\()-.1 G -1.667(M\255. ,)-2.5 F +-1.667(M\255_ \))2.5 F F0 1.307(Insert the last ar)144 132 R 1.307 +(gument to the pre)-.18 F 1.307(vious command \(the last w)-.25 F 1.308 +(ord of the pre)-.1 F 1.308(vious history entry\).)-.25 F -.4(Wi)144 144 +S .204(th a numeric ar).4 F .204(gument, beha)-.18 F .504 -.15(ve ex)-.2 +H .204(actly lik).15 F(e)-.1 E F2(yank\255nth\255ar)2.704 E(g)-.1 E F0 +5.203(.S)C(uccessi)-5.203 E .503 -.15(ve c)-.25 H .203(alls to).15 F F2 +(yank\255last\255ar)2.703 E(g)-.1 E F0(mo)144 156 Q .806 -.15(ve b)-.15 +H .507(ack through the history list, inserting the last w).15 F .507 (ord \(or the w)-.1 F .507(ord speci\214ed by the ar)-.1 F(gument)-.18 E -.416(to the \214rst call\) of each line in turn.)144 600 R(An)5.416 E +.416(to the \214rst call\) of each line in turn.)144 168 R(An)5.416 E 2.916(yn)-.15 G .416(umeric ar)-2.916 F .416 (gument supplied to these successi)-.18 F .715 -.15(ve c)-.25 H .415 -(alls de-).15 F 1.217(termines the direction to mo)144 612 R 1.518 -.15 +(alls de-).15 F 1.217(termines the direction to mo)144 180 R 1.518 -.15 (ve t)-.15 H 1.218(hrough the history).15 F 6.218(.A)-.65 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.518 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.218 (ument switches the direction).18 F .494 -(through the history \(back or forw)144 624 R 2.994(ard\). The)-.1 F +(through the history \(back or forw)144 192 R 2.994(ard\). The)-.1 F .494(history e)2.994 F .494(xpansion f)-.15 F .494 (acilities are used to e)-.1 F .494(xtract the last)-.15 F -.1(wo)144 -636 S(rd, as if the "!$" history e).1 E(xpansion had been speci\214ed.) --.15 E F1(shell\255expand\255line \(M\255C\255e\))108 648 Q F0 .622 -(Expand the line as the shell does.)144 660 R .622 +204 S(rd, as if the "!$" history e).1 E(xpansion had been speci\214ed.) +-.15 E F2(shell\255expand\255line \(M\255C\255e\))108 216 Q F0 .622 +(Expand the line as the shell does.)144 228 R .622 (This performs alias and history e)5.622 F .623 -(xpansion as well as all of the)-.15 F(shell w)144 672 Q(ord e)-.1 E 2.5 +(xpansion as well as all of the)-.15 F(shell w)144 240 Q(ord e)-.1 E 2.5 (xpansions. See)-.15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)2.5 E(OR)-.162 E 2.25 (YE)-.315 G(XP)-2.25 E(ANSION)-.666 E F0(belo)2.25 E 2.5(wf)-.25 G -(or a description of history e)-2.5 E(xpansion.)-.15 E F1 -(history\255expand\255line \(M\255^\))108 684 Q F0 .939 -(Perform history e)144 696 R .939(xpansion on the current line.)-.15 F +(or a description of history e)-2.5 E(xpansion.)-.15 E F2 +(history\255expand\255line \(M\255^\))108 252 Q F0 .939 +(Perform history e)144 264 R .939(xpansion on the current line.)-.15 F (See)5.939 E F3(HIST)3.439 E(OR)-.162 E 3.189(YE)-.315 G(XP)-3.189 E (ANSION)-.666 E F0(belo)3.189 E 3.438(wf)-.25 G .938(or a descrip-) --3.438 F(tion of history e)144 708 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 -768 Q(2022 January 17)141.79 E(49)190.95 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 50 50 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(magic\255space)108 84 Q F0 .437(Perform history e)144 96 R .437 -(xpansion on the current line and insert a space.)-.15 F(See)5.438 E/F2 -9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)2.938 E(OR)-.162 E 2.688(YE)-.315 G(XP)-2.688 E -(ANSION)-.666 E F0(be-)2.688 E(lo)144 108 Q 2.5(wf)-.25 G -(or a description of history e)-2.5 E(xpansion.)-.15 E F1 -(alias\255expand\255line)108 120 Q F0 .395(Perform alias e)144 132 R -.395(xpansion on the current line.)-.15 F(See)5.395 E F2(ALIASES)2.895 E -F0(abo)2.645 E .694 -.15(ve f)-.15 H .394(or a description of alias e) -.15 F(xpan-)-.15 E(sion.)144 144 Q F1 -(history\255and\255alias\255expand\255line)108 156 Q F0 -(Perform history and alias e)144 168 Q(xpansion on the current line.) --.15 E F1(insert\255last\255ar)108 180 Q(gument \(M\255.)-.1 E 2.5(,M) -.833 G -1.667(\255_ \))-2.5 F F0 2.5(As)144 192 S(ynon)-2.5 E(ym for) --.15 E F1(yank\255last\255ar)2.5 E(g)-.1 E F0(.)A F1 -(edit\255and\255execute\255command \(C\255x C\255e\))108 204 Q F0(In)144 -216 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G .346 -.1(ke a).2 H 2.646(ne).1 G .146 +-3.438 F(tion of history e)144 276 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F2(magic\255space) +108 288 Q F0 .437(Perform history e)144 300 R .437 +(xpansion on the current line and insert a space.)-.15 F(See)5.438 E F3 +(HIST)2.938 E(OR)-.162 E 2.688(YE)-.315 G(XP)-2.688 E(ANSION)-.666 E F0 +(be-)2.688 E(lo)144 312 Q 2.5(wf)-.25 G(or a description of history e) +-2.5 E(xpansion.)-.15 E F2(alias\255expand\255line)108 324 Q F0 .395 +(Perform alias e)144 336 R .395(xpansion on the current line.)-.15 F +(See)5.395 E F3(ALIASES)2.895 E F0(abo)2.645 E .694 -.15(ve f)-.15 H +.394(or a description of alias e).15 F(xpan-)-.15 E(sion.)144 348 Q F2 +(history\255and\255alias\255expand\255line)108 360 Q F0 +(Perform history and alias e)144 372 Q(xpansion on the current line.) +-.15 E F2(insert\255last\255ar)108 384 Q(gument \(M\255.)-.1 E 2.5(,M) +.833 G -1.667(\255_ \))-2.5 F F0 2.5(As)144 396 S(ynon)-2.5 E(ym for) +-.15 E F2(yank\255last\255ar)2.5 E(g)-.1 E F0(.)A F2 +(edit\255and\255execute\255command \(C\255x C\255e\))108 408 Q F0(In)144 +420 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G .346 -.1(ke a).2 H 2.646(ne).1 G .146 (ditor on the current command line, and e)-2.646 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .146 -(cute the result as shell commands.).15 F F1(Bash)5.147 E F0(at-)2.647 E -(tempts to in)144 228 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G F2($VISU)2.6 E(AL)-.54 -E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F2($EDIT)2.25 E(OR)-.162 E F3(,)A F0(and) -2.25 E/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(emacs)2.5 E F0(as the editor)2.5 E 2.5 -(,i)-.4 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G(hat order)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1(Commands f)87 244.8 -Q(or Changing T)-.25 E(ext)-.92 E F4(end\255of\255\214le)108 256.8 Q F1 -(\(usually C\255d\))2.5 E F0 .799 -(The character indicating end-of-\214le as set, for e)144 268.8 R .799 -(xample, by)-.15 F/F5 10/Courier@0 SF(stty)3.299 E F0 5.799(.I)C 3.298 -(ft)-5.799 G .798(his character is read when)-3.298 F .592 -(there are no characters on the line, and point is at the be)144 280.8 R +(cute the result as shell commands.).15 F F2(Bash)5.147 E F0(at-)2.647 E +(tempts to in)144 432 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G F3($VISU)2.6 E(AL)-.54 +E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3($EDIT)2.25 E(OR)-.162 E F4(,)A F0(and) +2.25 E F1(emacs)2.5 E F0(as the editor)2.5 E 2.5(,i)-.4 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G +(hat order)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F2(Commands f)87 448.8 Q(or Changing T)-.25 E +(ext)-.92 E F1(end\255of\255\214le)108 460.8 Q F2(\(usually C\255d\))2.5 +E F0 .799(The character indicating end-of-\214le as set, for e)144 472.8 +R .799(xample, by)-.15 F/F5 10/Courier@0 SF(stty)3.299 E F0 5.799(.I)C +3.298(ft)-5.799 G .798(his character is read when)-3.298 F .592 +(there are no characters on the line, and point is at the be)144 484.8 R .593(ginning of the line, Readline interprets it)-.15 F -(as the end of input and returns)144 292.8 Q F2(EOF)2.5 E F3(.)A F1 -(delete\255char \(C\255d\))108 304.8 Q F0 .442 -(Delete the character at point.)144 316.8 R .442 -(If this function is bound to the same character as the tty)5.442 F F1 -(EOF)2.941 E F0(char)2.941 E(-)-.2 E(acter)144 328.8 Q 2.5(,a)-.4 G(s) --2.5 E F1(C\255d)2.5 E F0(commonly is, see abo)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve f)-.15 H -(or the ef).15 E(fects.)-.25 E F1(backward\255delete\255char \(Rubout\)) -108 340.8 Q F0 .552(Delete the character behind the cursor)144 352.8 R +(as the end of input and returns)144 496.8 Q F3(EOF)2.5 E F4(.)A F2 +(delete\255char \(C\255d\))108 508.8 Q F0 .442 +(Delete the character at point.)144 520.8 R .442 +(If this function is bound to the same character as the tty)5.442 F F2 +(EOF)2.941 E F0(char)2.941 E(-)-.2 E(acter)144 532.8 Q 2.5(,a)-.4 G(s) +-2.5 E F2(C\255d)2.5 E F0(commonly is, see abo)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve f)-.15 H +(or the ef).15 E(fects.)-.25 E F2(backward\255delete\255char \(Rubout\)) +108 544.8 Q F0 .552(Delete the character behind the cursor)144 556.8 R 5.553(.W)-.55 G .553(hen gi)-5.553 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.053(nan).15 G .553 (umeric ar)-3.053 F .553(gument, sa)-.18 F .853 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .553 -(he deleted te).15 F .553(xt on)-.15 F(the kill ring.)144 364.8 Q F1 --.25(fo)108 376.8 S(rward\255backward\255delete\255char).25 E F0 .474 -(Delete the character under the cursor)144 388.8 R 2.974(,u)-.4 G .474 +(he deleted te).15 F .553(xt on)-.15 F(the kill ring.)144 568.8 Q F2 +-.25(fo)108 580.8 S(rward\255backward\255delete\255char).25 E F0 .474 +(Delete the character under the cursor)144 592.8 R 2.974(,u)-.4 G .474 (nless the cursor is at the end of the line, in which case the)-2.974 F -(character behind the cursor is deleted.)144 400.8 Q F1 -(quoted\255insert \(C\255q, C\255v\))108 412.8 Q F0 .778(Add the ne)144 -424.8 R .779(xt character typed to the line v)-.15 F 3.279 +(character behind the cursor is deleted.)144 604.8 Q F2 +(quoted\255insert \(C\255q, C\255v\))108 616.8 Q F0 .778(Add the ne)144 +628.8 R .779(xt character typed to the line v)-.15 F 3.279 (erbatim. This)-.15 F .779(is ho)3.279 F 3.279(wt)-.25 G 3.279(oi)-3.279 -G .779(nsert characters lik)-3.279 F(e)-.1 E F1(C\255q)3.279 E F0 3.279 -(,f)C(or)-3.279 E -.15(ex)144 436.8 S(ample.).15 E F1 -(tab\255insert \(C\255v T)108 448.8 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 -(Insert a tab character)144 460.8 Q(.)-.55 E F1 -(self\255insert \(a, b, A, 1, !, ...\))108 472.8 Q F0 -(Insert the character typed.)144 484.8 Q F1 -(transpose\255chars \(C\255t\))108 496.8 Q F0 .322 -(Drag the character before point forw)144 508.8 R .321(ard o)-.1 F -.15 +G .779(nsert characters lik)-3.279 F(e)-.1 E F2(C\255q)3.279 E F0 3.279 +(,f)C(or)-3.279 E -.15(ex)144 640.8 S(ample.).15 E F2 +(tab\255insert \(C\255v T)108 652.8 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 +(Insert a tab character)144 664.8 Q(.)-.55 E F2 +(self\255insert \(a, b, A, 1, !, ...\))108 676.8 Q F0 +(Insert the character typed.)144 688.8 Q F2 +(transpose\255chars \(C\255t\))108 700.8 Q F0 .322 +(Drag the character before point forw)144 712.8 R .321(ard o)-.1 F -.15 (ve)-.15 G 2.821(rt).15 G .321(he character at point, mo)-2.821 F .321 -(ving point forw)-.15 F .321(ard as well.)-.1 F .372 +(ving point forw)-.15 F .321(ard as well.)-.1 F 1.182 (If point is at the end of the line, then this transposes the tw)144 -520.8 R 2.872(oc)-.1 G .373(haracters before point.)-2.872 F(Ne)5.373 E --.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .673 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.2(r-).15 G(guments ha) -144 532.8 Q .3 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.5(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.5 G(ect.).25 E F1 -(transpose\255w)108 544.8 Q(ords \(M\255t\))-.1 E F0 .024(Drag the w)144 -556.8 R .024(ord before point past the w)-.1 F .023(ord after point, mo) --.1 F .023(ving point o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.523(rt).15 G .023(hat w) --2.523 F .023(ord as well.)-.1 F .023(If point)5.023 F -(is at the end of the line, this transposes the last tw)144 568.8 Q 2.5 -(ow)-.1 G(ords on the line.)-2.6 E F1(upcase\255w)108 580.8 Q -(ord \(M\255u\))-.1 E F0 1.698(Uppercase the current \(or follo)144 -592.8 R 1.698(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.198(ord. W)-.1 F 1.698(ith a ne)-.4 F --.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.999 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.699 -(ument, uppercase the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 604.8 S(rd, b).1 -E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(do)108 616.8 Q -(wncase\255w)-.1 E(ord \(M\255l\))-.1 E F0(Lo)144 628.8 Q 1.648 -(wercase the current \(or follo)-.25 F 1.648(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.148 -(ord. W)-.1 F 1.647(ith a ne)-.4 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.947 -.15 -(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.647(ument, lo).18 F 1.647(wercase the pre) --.25 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 640.8 S(rd, b).1 E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 --.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(capitalize\255w)108 652.8 Q -(ord \(M\255c\))-.1 E F0 1.974(Capitalize the current \(or follo)144 -664.8 R 1.974(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.474(ord. W)-.1 F 1.974(ith a ne)-.4 F --.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 2.274 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.975 -(ument, capitalize the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 676.8 S(rd, b) -.1 E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1 -.1(ove)108 -688.8 S(rwrite\255mode).1 E F0 -.8(To)144 700.8 S .438(ggle o).8 F -.15 -(ve)-.15 G .438(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4(Wi)5.438 G .438(th an e).4 F .438 -(xplicit positi)-.15 F .737 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .437(umeric ar).15 F .437 -(gument, switches to o)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .437(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4 -(Wi)144 712.8 S .78(th an e).4 F .781(xplicit non-positi)-.15 F 1.081 --.15(ve n)-.25 H .781(umeric ar).15 F .781 -(gument, switches to insert mode.)-.18 F .781(This command af)5.781 F -(fects)-.25 E(only)144 724.8 Q F1(emacs)4.395 E F0(mode;)4.395 E F1(vi) -4.395 E F0 1.894(mode does o)4.395 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.894(rwrite dif).15 -F(ferently)-.25 E 6.894(.E)-.65 G 1.894(ach call to)-6.894 F F4 -.37(re) -4.394 G(adline\(\)).37 E F0 1.894(starts in insert)4.394 F(GNU Bash 5.2) -72 768 Q(2022 January 17)141.79 E(50)190.95 E 0 Cg EP +724.8 R 3.683(oc)-.1 G 1.183(haracters before point.)-3.683 F(Ne)6.183 E +-.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q +(2022 February 10)139.29 E(50)188.45 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 51 51 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 3.968(mode. In)144 -84 R -.15(ove)3.968 G 1.468(rwrite mode, characters bound to).15 F/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(self\255insert)3.969 E F0 1.469(replace the te)3.969 F -1.469(xt at point rather than)-.15 F .958(pushing the te)144 96 R .958 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(ar)144 84 Q +(guments ha)-.18 E .3 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.5(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.5 G(ect.) +.25 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(transpose\255w)108 96 Q(ords \(M\255t\))-.1 +E F0 .024(Drag the w)144 108 R .024(ord before point past the w)-.1 F +.023(ord after point, mo)-.1 F .023(ving point o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G +2.523(rt).15 G .023(hat w)-2.523 F .023(ord as well.)-.1 F .023 +(If point)5.023 F +(is at the end of the line, this transposes the last tw)144 120 Q 2.5 +(ow)-.1 G(ords on the line.)-2.6 E F1(upcase\255w)108 132 Q +(ord \(M\255u\))-.1 E F0 1.698(Uppercase the current \(or follo)144 144 +R 1.698(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.198(ord. W)-.1 F 1.698(ith a ne)-.4 F -.05(ga) +-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.999 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.699 +(ument, uppercase the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 156 S(rd, b).1 E +(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(do)108 168 Q +(wncase\255w)-.1 E(ord \(M\255l\))-.1 E F0(Lo)144 180 Q 1.648 +(wercase the current \(or follo)-.25 F 1.648(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.148 +(ord. W)-.1 F 1.647(ith a ne)-.4 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.947 -.15 +(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.647(ument, lo).18 F 1.647(wercase the pre) +-.25 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 192 S(rd, b).1 E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 +-.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(capitalize\255w)108 204 Q +(ord \(M\255c\))-.1 E F0 1.974(Capitalize the current \(or follo)144 216 +R 1.974(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.474(ord. W)-.1 F 1.974(ith a ne)-.4 F -.05(ga) +-.15 G(ti).05 E 2.274 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.975 +(ument, capitalize the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 228 S(rd, b).1 +E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1 -.1(ove)108 240 +S(rwrite\255mode).1 E F0 -.8(To)144 252 S .438(ggle o).8 F -.15(ve)-.15 +G .438(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4(Wi)5.438 G .438(th an e).4 F .438 +(xplicit positi)-.15 F .737 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .437(umeric ar).15 F .437 +(gument, switches to o)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .437(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4 +(Wi)144 264 S .78(th an e).4 F .781(xplicit non-positi)-.15 F 1.081 -.15 +(ve n)-.25 H .781(umeric ar).15 F .781(gument, switches to insert mode.) +-.18 F .781(This command af)5.781 F(fects)-.25 E(only)144 276 Q F1 +(emacs)4.395 E F0(mode;)4.395 E F1(vi)4.395 E F0 1.894(mode does o)4.395 +F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.894(rwrite dif).15 F(ferently)-.25 E 6.894(.E)-.65 G +1.894(ach call to)-6.894 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.37(re)4.394 G +(adline\(\)).37 E F0 1.894(starts in insert)4.394 F 3.968(mode. In)144 +288 R -.15(ove)3.968 G 1.468(rwrite mode, characters bound to).15 F F1 +(self\255insert)3.969 E F0 1.469(replace the te)3.969 F 1.469 +(xt at point rather than)-.15 F .958(pushing the te)144 300 R .958 (xt to the right.)-.15 F .957(Characters bound to)5.958 F F1 (backward\255delete\255char)3.457 E F0 .957(replace the character)3.457 -F(before point with a space.)144 108 Q(By def)5 E -(ault, this command is unbound.)-.1 E F1(Killing and Y)87 124.8 Q -(anking)-.85 E(kill\255line \(C\255k\))108 136.8 Q F0(Kill the te)144 -148.8 Q(xt from point to the end of the line.)-.15 E F1 -(backward\255kill\255line \(C\255x Rubout\))108 160.8 Q F0(Kill backw) -144 172.8 Q(ard to the be)-.1 E(ginning of the line.)-.15 E F1 -(unix\255line\255discard \(C\255u\))108 184.8 Q F0(Kill backw)144 196.8 +F(before point with a space.)144 312 Q(By def)5 E +(ault, this command is unbound.)-.1 E F1(Killing and Y)87 328.8 Q +(anking)-.85 E(kill\255line \(C\255k\))108 340.8 Q F0(Kill the te)144 +352.8 Q(xt from point to the end of the line.)-.15 E F1 +(backward\255kill\255line \(C\255x Rubout\))108 364.8 Q F0(Kill backw) +144 376.8 Q(ard to the be)-.1 E(ginning of the line.)-.15 E F1 +(unix\255line\255discard \(C\255u\))108 388.8 Q F0(Kill backw)144 400.8 Q(ard from point to the be)-.1 E(ginning of the line.)-.15 E (The killed te)5 E(xt is sa)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(do).15 G 2.5(nt) --2.5 G(he kill-ring.)-2.5 E F1(kill\255whole\255line)108 208.8 Q F0 +-2.5 G(he kill-ring.)-2.5 E F1(kill\255whole\255line)108 412.8 Q F0 (Kill all characters on the current line, no matter where point is.)144 -220.8 Q F1(kill\255w)108 232.8 Q(ord \(M\255d\))-.1 E F0 .728 -(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 244.8 R .729 +424.8 Q F1(kill\255w)108 436.8 Q(ord \(M\255d\))-.1 E F0 .728 +(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 448.8 R .729 (ord, or if between w)-.1 F .729(ords, to the end of the ne)-.1 F .729 -(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 256.8 S +(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 460.8 S (rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1 -.25(fo)2.5 G -(rward\255w).25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(backward\255kill\255w)108 268.8 Q -(ord \(M\255Rubout\))-.1 E F0(Kill the w)144 280.8 Q(ord behind point.) +(rward\255w).25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(backward\255kill\255w)108 472.8 Q +(ord \(M\255Rubout\))-.1 E F0(Kill the w)144 484.8 Q(ord behind point.) -.1 E -.8(Wo)5 G(rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1 -(backward\255w)2.5 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(shell\255kill\255w)108 292.8 Q -(ord)-.1 E F0 .729(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 304.8 +(backward\255w)2.5 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(shell\255kill\255w)108 496.8 Q +(ord)-.1 E F0 .729(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 508.8 R .728(ord, or if between w)-.1 F .728(ords, to the end of the ne)-.1 F -.728(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 316.8 S +.728(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 520.8 S (rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1(shell\255f)2.5 E (orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(shell\255backward\255kill\255w) -108 328.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0 3.025(Kill the w)144 340.8 R 3.025 +108 532.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0 3.025(Kill the w)144 544.8 R 3.025 (ord behind point.)-.1 F -.8(Wo)8.025 G 3.025 (rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 F F1(shell\255back-) -5.525 E(ward\255w)144 352.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(unix\255w)108 364.8 Q -(ord\255rubout \(C\255w\))-.1 E F0 .365(Kill the w)144 376.8 R .365 +5.525 E(ward\255w)144 556.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(unix\255w)108 568.8 Q +(ord\255rubout \(C\255w\))-.1 E F0 .365(Kill the w)144 580.8 R .365 (ord behind point, using white space as a w)-.1 F .364(ord boundary)-.1 F 5.364(.T)-.65 G .364(he killed te)-5.364 F .364(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15 (ve)-.2 G 2.864(do).15 G 2.864(nt)-2.864 G(he)-2.864 E(kill-ring.)144 -388.8 Q F1(unix\255\214lename\255rubout)108 400.8 Q F0 .166(Kill the w) -144 412.8 R .166 +592.8 Q F1(unix\255\214lename\255rubout)108 604.8 Q F0 .166(Kill the w) +144 616.8 R .166 (ord behind point, using white space and the slash character as the w) --.1 F .167(ord boundaries.)-.1 F(The)5.167 E(killed te)144 424.8 Q +-.1 F .167(ord boundaries.)-.1 F(The)5.167 E(killed te)144 628.8 Q (xt is sa)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(do).15 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G(he kill-ring.) --2.5 E F1(delete\255horizontal\255space \(M\255\\\))108 436.8 Q F0 -(Delete all spaces and tabs around point.)144 448.8 Q F1(kill\255r)108 -460.8 Q(egion)-.18 E F0(Kill the te)144 472.8 Q(xt in the current re) --.15 E(gion.)-.15 E F1(copy\255r)108 484.8 Q(egion\255as\255kill)-.18 E -F0(Cop)144 496.8 Q 2.5(yt)-.1 G(he te)-2.5 E(xt in the re)-.15 E -(gion to the kill b)-.15 E(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E(.)-.55 E F1 -(copy\255backward\255w)108 508.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(Cop)144 520.8 Q 4.801 -(yt)-.1 G 2.301(he w)-4.801 F 2.301(ord before point to the kill b)-.1 F -(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 7.301(.T)-.55 G 2.301(he w)-7.301 F 2.3 -(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1(back-)4.8 E(ward\255w)144 532.8 -Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(copy\255f)108 544.8 Q(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E -F0(Cop)144 556.8 Q 4.507(yt)-.1 G 2.007(he w)-4.507 F 2.007(ord follo) --.1 F 2.007(wing point to the kill b)-.25 F(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 7.008 -(.T)-.55 G 2.008(he w)-7.008 F 2.008(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 -F F1 -.25(fo)4.508 G -.37(r-).25 G(ward\255w)144 568.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.) -A F1(yank \(C\255y\))108 580.8 Q F0 -1(Ya)144 592.8 S +-2.5 E F1(delete\255horizontal\255space \(M\255\\\))108 640.8 Q F0 +(Delete all spaces and tabs around point.)144 652.8 Q F1(kill\255r)108 +664.8 Q(egion)-.18 E F0(Kill the te)144 676.8 Q(xt in the current re) +-.15 E(gion.)-.15 E F1(copy\255r)108 688.8 Q(egion\255as\255kill)-.18 E +F0(Cop)144 700.8 Q 2.5(yt)-.1 G(he te)-2.5 E(xt in the re)-.15 E +(gion to the kill b)-.15 E(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E(.)-.55 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 +768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(51)188.45 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 52 52 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF(copy\255backward\255w)108 84 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(Cop)144 96 Q 4.801(yt)-.1 +G 2.301(he w)-4.801 F 2.301(ord before point to the kill b)-.1 F(uf)-.2 +E(fer)-.25 E 7.301(.T)-.55 G 2.301(he w)-7.301 F 2.3 +(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1(back-)4.8 E(ward\255w)144 108 Q +(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(copy\255f)108 120 Q(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0 +(Cop)144 132 Q 4.507(yt)-.1 G 2.007(he w)-4.507 F 2.007(ord follo)-.1 F +2.007(wing point to the kill b)-.25 F(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 7.008(.T)-.55 +G 2.008(he w)-7.008 F 2.008(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1 -.25 +(fo)4.508 G -.37(r-).25 G(ward\255w)144 144 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1 +(yank \(C\255y\))108 156 Q F0 -1(Ya)144 168 S (nk the top of the kill ring into the b)1 E(uf)-.2 E(fer at point.)-.25 -E F1(yank\255pop \(M\255y\))108 604.8 Q F0 -(Rotate the kill ring, and yank the ne)144 616.8 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G 2.5 +E F1(yank\255pop \(M\255y\))108 180 Q F0 +(Rotate the kill ring, and yank the ne)144 192 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G 2.5 (op. Only)-2.5 F -.1(wo)2.5 G(rks follo).1 E(wing)-.25 E F1(yank)2.5 E -F0(or)2.5 E F1(yank\255pop)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(Numeric Ar)87 633.6 Q -(guments)-.1 E(digit\255ar)108 645.6 Q +F0(or)2.5 E F1(yank\255pop)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(Numeric Ar)87 208.8 Q +(guments)-.1 E(digit\255ar)108 220.8 Q (gument \(M\2550, M\2551, ..., M\255\255\))-.1 E F0 .367 -(Add this digit to the ar)144 657.6 R .367 +(Add this digit to the ar)144 232.8 R .367 (gument already accumulating, or start a ne)-.18 F 2.867(wa)-.25 G -.18 (rg)-2.867 G 2.867(ument. M\255\255).18 F .366(starts a ne)2.867 F -.05 -(ga)-.15 G(-).05 E(ti)144 669.6 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G -(ument.).18 E F1(uni)108 681.6 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 -E F0 .778(This is another w)144 693.6 R .779(ay to specify an ar)-.1 F +(ga)-.15 G(-).05 E(ti)144 244.8 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G +(ument.).18 E F1(uni)108 256.8 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 +E F0 .778(This is another w)144 268.8 R .779(ay to specify an ar)-.1 F 3.279(gument. If)-.18 F .779(this command is follo)3.279 F .779 (wed by one or more digits,)-.25 F 1.376 (optionally with a leading minus sign, those digits de\214ne the ar)144 -705.6 R 3.876(gument. If)-.18 F 1.376(the command is fol-)3.876 F(lo)144 -717.6 Q 1.17(wed by digits, e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(uni) +280.8 R 3.876(gument. If)-.18 F 1.376(the command is fol-)3.876 F(lo)144 +292.8 Q 1.17(wed by digits, e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(uni) 3.67 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(ag)3.67 E 1.17 (ain ends the numeric ar)-.05 F 1.17(gument, b)-.18 F 1.17(ut is other) --.2 F(-)-.2 E .899(wise ignored.)144 729.6 R .898 +-.2 F(-)-.2 E .899(wise ignored.)144 304.8 R .898 (As a special case, if this command is immediately follo)5.899 F .898 -(wed by a character that is)-.25 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q -(2022 January 17)141.79 E(51)190.95 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 52 52 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 1.23 -(neither a digit nor minus sign, the ar)144 84 R 1.23 +(wed by a character that is)-.25 F 1.23 +(neither a digit nor minus sign, the ar)144 316.8 R 1.23 (gument count for the ne)-.18 F 1.23(xt command is multiplied by four) --.15 F(.)-.55 E .823(The ar)144 96 R .823 +-.15 F(.)-.55 E .823(The ar)144 328.8 R .823 (gument count is initially one, so e)-.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .823 (cuting this function the \214rst time mak).15 F .822(es the ar)-.1 F -(gument)-.18 E(count four)144 108 Q 2.5(,as)-.4 G(econd time mak)-2.5 E -(es the ar)-.1 E(gument count sixteen, and so on.)-.18 E/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(Completing)87 124.8 Q(complete \(T)108 136.8 Q(AB\))-.9 -E F0 1.137(Attempt to perform completion on the te)144 148.8 R 1.137 +(gument)-.18 E(count four)144 340.8 Q 2.5(,as)-.4 G(econd time mak)-2.5 +E(es the ar)-.1 E(gument count sixteen, and so on.)-.18 E F1(Completing) +87 357.6 Q(complete \(T)108 369.6 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 1.137 +(Attempt to perform completion on the te)144 381.6 R 1.137 (xt before point.)-.15 F F1(Bash)6.137 E F0 1.137 -(attempts completion treating the)3.637 F(te)144 160.8 Q .533(xt as a v) +(attempts completion treating the)3.637 F(te)144 393.6 Q .533(xt as a v) -.15 F .533(ariable \(if the te)-.25 F .533(xt be)-.15 F .533(gins with) -.15 F F1($)3.033 E F0 .533(\), username \(if the te)B .532(xt be)-.15 F .532(gins with)-.15 F F1(~)3.032 E F0 .532(\), hostname \(if the)B(te) -144 172.8 Q .701(xt be)-.15 F .701(gins with)-.15 F F1(@)3.201 E F0 .701 +144 405.6 Q .701(xt be)-.15 F .701(gins with)-.15 F F1(@)3.201 E F0 .701 (\), or command \(including aliases and functions\) in turn.)B .702 (If none of these pro-)5.701 F -(duces a match, \214lename completion is attempted.)144 184.8 Q F1 -(possible\255completions \(M\255?\))108 196.8 Q F0 -(List the possible completions of the te)144 208.8 Q(xt before point.) --.15 E F1(insert\255completions \(M\255*\))108 220.8 Q F0 .783 -(Insert all completions of the te)144 232.8 R .783 +(duces a match, \214lename completion is attempted.)144 417.6 Q F1 +(possible\255completions \(M\255?\))108 429.6 Q F0 +(List the possible completions of the te)144 441.6 Q(xt before point.) +-.15 E F1(insert\255completions \(M\255*\))108 453.6 Q F0 .783 +(Insert all completions of the te)144 465.6 R .783 (xt before point that w)-.15 F .783(ould ha)-.1 F 1.083 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .783(een generated by).15 F F1(possible\255com-)3.282 E(pletions)144 -244.8 Q F0(.)A F1(menu\255complete)108 256.8 Q F0 .928(Similar to)144 -268.8 R F1(complete)3.428 E F0 3.428(,b)C .929(ut replaces the w)-3.628 +477.6 Q F0(.)A F1(menu\255complete)108 489.6 Q F0 .928(Similar to)144 +501.6 R F1(complete)3.428 E F0 3.428(,b)C .929(ut replaces the w)-3.628 F .929(ord to be completed with a single match from the list of)-.1 F -1.194(possible completions.)144 280.8 R 1.194(Repeated e)6.194 F -.15 +1.194(possible completions.)144 513.6 R 1.194(Repeated e)6.194 F -.15 (xe)-.15 G 1.194(cution of).15 F F1(menu\255complete)3.694 E F0 1.193 (steps through the list of possible)3.694 F .828 -(completions, inserting each match in turn.)144 292.8 R .828 +(completions, inserting each match in turn.)144 525.6 R .828 (At the end of the list of completions, the bell is rung)5.828 F .727 -(\(subject to the setting of)144 304.8 R F1(bell\255style)3.227 E F0 +(\(subject to the setting of)144 537.6 R F1(bell\255style)3.227 E F0 3.227(\)a)C .727(nd the original te)-3.227 F .727(xt is restored.)-.15 F .727(An ar)5.727 F .727(gument of)-.18 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)3.227 E F0(mo)3.227 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(s).15 E F2(n)3.227 E F0 1.73 -(positions forw)144 316.8 R 1.73(ard in the list of matches; a ne)-.1 F +(positions forw)144 549.6 R 1.73(ard in the list of matches; a ne)-.1 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 2.03 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.73 (ument may be used to mo).18 F 2.03 -.15(ve b)-.15 H(ackw).15 E(ard)-.1 -E(through the list.)144 328.8 Q(This command is intended to be bound to) +E(through the list.)144 561.6 Q(This command is intended to be bound to) 5 E F1 -.9(TA)2.5 G(B).9 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut is unbound by def)-2.7 E -(ault.)-.1 E F1(menu\255complete\255backward)108 340.8 Q F0 .82 -(Identical to)144 352.8 R F1(menu\255complete)3.32 E F0 3.32(,b)C .82 +(ault.)-.1 E F1(menu\255complete\255backward)108 573.6 Q F0 .82 +(Identical to)144 585.6 R F1(menu\255complete)3.32 E F0 3.32(,b)C .82 (ut mo)-3.52 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.32(sb).15 G(ackw)-3.32 E .82 (ard through the list of possible completions, as if)-.1 F F1 -(menu\255complete)144 364.8 Q F0(had been gi)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5 +(menu\255complete)144 597.6 Q F0(had been gi)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5 (nan).15 G -2.25 -.15(eg a)-2.5 H(ti).15 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg) .15 G 2.5(ument. This).18 F(command is unbound by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E -F1(delete\255char\255or\255list)108 376.8 Q F0 .234 -(Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the be)144 388.8 R +F1(delete\255char\255or\255list)108 609.6 Q F0 .234 +(Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the be)144 621.6 R .234(ginning or end of the line \(lik)-.15 F(e)-.1 E F1(delete\255char) -2.735 E F0(\).)A .425(If at the end of the line, beha)144 400.8 R -.15 +2.735 E F0(\).)A .425(If at the end of the line, beha)144 633.6 R -.15 (ve)-.2 G 2.925(si).15 G .425(dentically to)-2.925 F F1 (possible\255completions)2.925 E F0 5.425(.T)C .425 -(his command is unbound)-5.425 F(by def)144 412.8 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1 -(complete\255\214lename \(M\255/\))108 424.8 Q F0 -(Attempt \214lename completion on the te)144 436.8 Q(xt before point.) --.15 E F1(possible\255\214lename\255completions \(C\255x /\))108 448.8 Q -F0(List the possible completions of the te)144 460.8 Q +(his command is unbound)-5.425 F(by def)144 645.6 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1 +(complete\255\214lename \(M\255/\))108 657.6 Q F0 +(Attempt \214lename completion on the te)144 669.6 Q(xt before point.) +-.15 E F1(possible\255\214lename\255completions \(C\255x /\))108 681.6 Q +F0(List the possible completions of the te)144 693.6 Q (xt before point, treating it as a \214lename.)-.15 E F1 -(complete\255user)108 472.8 Q(name \(M\255~\))-.15 E F0 -(Attempt completion on the te)144 484.8 Q -(xt before point, treating it as a username.)-.15 E F1(possible\255user) -108 496.8 Q(name\255completions \(C\255x ~\))-.15 E F0 -(List the possible completions of the te)144 508.8 Q +(complete\255user)108 705.6 Q(name \(M\255~\))-.15 E F0 +(Attempt completion on the te)144 717.6 Q +(xt before point, treating it as a username.)-.15 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 +Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(52)188.45 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 53 53 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF(possible\255user)108 84 Q(name\255completions \(C\255x ~\))-.15 E F0 +(List the possible completions of the te)144 96 Q (xt before point, treating it as a username.)-.15 E F1(complete\255v)108 -520.8 Q(ariable \(M\255$\))-.1 E F0(Attempt completion on the te)144 -532.8 Q(xt before point, treating it as a shell v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E -F1(possible\255v)108 544.8 Q(ariable\255completions \(C\255x $\))-.1 E -F0(List the possible completions of the te)144 556.8 Q +108 Q(ariable \(M\255$\))-.1 E F0(Attempt completion on the te)144 120 Q +(xt before point, treating it as a shell v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1 +(possible\255v)108 132 Q(ariable\255completions \(C\255x $\))-.1 E F0 +(List the possible completions of the te)144 144 Q (xt before point, treating it as a shell v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1 -(complete\255hostname \(M\255@\))108 568.8 Q F0 -(Attempt completion on the te)144 580.8 Q +(complete\255hostname \(M\255@\))108 156 Q F0 +(Attempt completion on the te)144 168 Q (xt before point, treating it as a hostname.)-.15 E F1 -(possible\255hostname\255completions \(C\255x @\))108 592.8 Q F0 -(List the possible completions of the te)144 604.8 Q +(possible\255hostname\255completions \(C\255x @\))108 180 Q F0 +(List the possible completions of the te)144 192 Q (xt before point, treating it as a hostname.)-.15 E F1 -(complete\255command \(M\255!\))108 616.8 Q F0 .58 -(Attempt completion on the te)144 628.8 R .581 +(complete\255command \(M\255!\))108 204 Q F0 .58 +(Attempt completion on the te)144 216 R .581 (xt before point, treating it as a command name.)-.15 F .581 -(Command comple-)5.581 F .715(tion attempts to match the te)144 640.8 R +(Command comple-)5.581 F .715(tion attempts to match the te)144 228 R .715(xt ag)-.15 F .715(ainst aliases, reserv)-.05 F .715(ed w)-.15 F .715(ords, shell functions, shell b)-.1 F .715(uiltins, and)-.2 F -(\214nally e)144 652.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G +(\214nally e)144 240 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G (cutable \214lenames, in that order).15 E(.)-.55 E F1 -(possible\255command\255completions \(C\255x !\))108 664.8 Q F0 -(List the possible completions of the te)144 676.8 Q +(possible\255command\255completions \(C\255x !\))108 252 Q F0 +(List the possible completions of the te)144 264 Q (xt before point, treating it as a command name.)-.15 E F1 -(dynamic\255complete\255history \(M\255T)108 688.8 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 .424 -(Attempt completion on the te)144 700.8 R .425 +(dynamic\255complete\255history \(M\255T)108 276 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 .424 +(Attempt completion on the te)144 288 R .425 (xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .425(xt ag)-.15 F .425 (ainst lines from the history list)-.05 F -(for possible completion matches.)144 712.8 Q(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q -(2022 January 17)141.79 E(52)190.95 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 53 53 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(dab)108 84 Q(br)-.1 E -.15(ev)-.18 G(\255expand).15 E F0 .611 -(Attempt menu completion on the te)144 96 R .611 +(for possible completion matches.)144 300 Q F1(dab)108 312 Q(br)-.1 E +-.15(ev)-.18 G(\255expand).15 E F0 .611 +(Attempt menu completion on the te)144 324 R .611 (xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .61(xt ag)-.15 F .61 (ainst lines from the his-)-.05 F -(tory list for possible completion matches.)144 108 Q F1 -(complete\255into\255braces \(M\255{\))108 120 Q F0 .4(Perform \214lena\ +(tory list for possible completion matches.)144 336 Q F1 +(complete\255into\255braces \(M\255{\))108 348 Q F0 .4(Perform \214lena\ me completion and insert the list of possible completions enclosed with\ -in braces so)144 132 R(the list is a)144 144 Q -.25(va)-.2 G +in braces so)144 360 R(the list is a)144 372 Q -.25(va)-.2 G (ilable to the shell \(see).25 E F1(Brace Expansion)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E --.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1 -.25(Ke)87 160.8 S(yboard Macr).25 E(os)-.18 -E(start\255kbd\255macr)108 172.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x \()-2.5 E(\)) -.833 E F0(Be)144 184.8 Q(gin sa)-.15 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1 -.25(Ke)87 388.8 S(yboard Macr).25 E(os)-.18 +E(start\255kbd\255macr)108 400.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x \()-2.5 E(\)) +.833 E F0(Be)144 412.8 Q(gin sa)-.15 E (ving the characters typed into the current k)-.2 E -.15(ey)-.1 G -(board macro.).15 E F1(end\255kbd\255macr)108 196.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G -(C\255x \))-2.5 E(\)).833 E F0(Stop sa)144 208.8 Q +(board macro.).15 E F1(end\255kbd\255macr)108 424.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G +(C\255x \))-2.5 E(\)).833 E F0(Stop sa)144 436.8 Q (ving the characters typed into the current k)-.2 E -.15(ey)-.1 G (board macro and store the de\214nition.).15 E F1 -(call\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 220.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x e\))-2.5 -E F0(Re-e)144 232.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G 1(cute the last k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1 +(call\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 448.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x e\))-2.5 +E F0(Re-e)144 460.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G 1(cute the last k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G .999(board macro de\214ned, by making the characters in the macro app\ -ear as if).15 F(typed at the k)144 244.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(board.).15 E F1 -(print\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 256.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(\))-2.5 E F0 -(Print the last k)144 268.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G +ear as if).15 F(typed at the k)144 472.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(board.).15 E F1 +(print\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 484.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(\))-2.5 E F0 +(Print the last k)144 496.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G (board macro de\214ned in a format suitable for the).15 E/F2 10 /Times-Italic@0 SF(inputr)2.5 E(c)-.37 E F0(\214le.)2.5 E F1 -(Miscellaneous)87 285.6 Q -.18(re)108 297.6 S.18 E +(Miscellaneous)87 513.6 Q -.18(re)108 525.6 S.18 E (ead\255init\255\214le \(C\255x C\255r\))-.18 E F0 1.776 -(Read in the contents of the)144 309.6 R F2(inputr)4.276 E(c)-.37 E F0 +(Read in the contents of the)144 537.6 R F2(inputr)4.276 E(c)-.37 E F0 1.777(\214le, and incorporate an)4.276 F 4.277(yb)-.15 G 1.777 (indings or v)-4.277 F 1.777(ariable assignments)-.25 F(found there.)144 -321.6 Q F1(abort \(C\255g\))108 333.6 Q F0 3.249 -(Abort the current editing command and ring the terminal')144 345.6 R +549.6 Q F1(abort \(C\255g\))108 561.6 Q F0 3.249 +(Abort the current editing command and ring the terminal')144 573.6 R 5.748(sb)-.55 G 3.248(ell \(subject to the setting of)-5.748 F F1 -(bell\255style)144 357.6 Q F0(\).)A F1(do\255lo)108 369.6 Q(wer)-.1 E +(bell\255style)144 585.6 Q F0(\).)A F1(do\255lo)108 597.6 Q(wer)-.1 E (case\255v)-.18 E(ersion \(M\255A, M\255B, M\255)-.1 E F2(x)A F1 2.5(,.) -C(..\))-2.5 E F0 1.738(If the meta\214ed character)144 381.6 R F2(x) +C(..\))-2.5 E F0 1.738(If the meta\214ed character)144 609.6 R F2(x) 4.238 E F0 1.739 (is uppercase, run the command that is bound to the corresponding)4.238 -F(meta\214ed lo)144 393.6 Q(wercase character)-.25 E 5(.T)-.55 G +F(meta\214ed lo)144 621.6 Q(wercase character)-.25 E 5(.T)-.55 G (he beha)-5 E(vior is unde\214ned if)-.2 E F2(x)2.5 E F0(is already lo) -2.5 E(wercase.)-.25 E F1(pr)108 405.6 Q(e\214x\255meta \(ESC\))-.18 E F0 -(Metafy the ne)144 417.6 Q(xt character typed.)-.15 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 +2.5 E(wercase.)-.25 E F1(pr)108 633.6 Q(e\214x\255meta \(ESC\))-.18 E F0 +(Metafy the ne)144 645.6 Q(xt character typed.)-.15 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(ESC)5 E F1(f)2.25 E F0(is equi)2.5 E -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1 -(Meta\255f)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(undo \(C\255_, C\255x C\255u\))108 429.6 Q F0 -(Incremental undo, separately remembered for each line.)144 441.6 Q F1 --2.29 -.18(re v)108 453.6 T(ert\255line \(M\255r\)).08 E F0 .231 -(Undo all changes made to this line.)144 465.6 R .231(This is lik)5.231 +(Meta\255f)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(undo \(C\255_, C\255x C\255u\))108 657.6 Q F0 +(Incremental undo, separately remembered for each line.)144 669.6 Q F1 +-2.29 -.18(re v)108 681.6 T(ert\255line \(M\255r\)).08 E F0 .231 +(Undo all changes made to this line.)144 693.6 R .231(This is lik)5.231 F 2.731(ee)-.1 G -.15(xe)-2.881 G .23(cuting the).15 F F1(undo)2.73 E F0 .23(command enough times to re-)2.73 F -(turn the line to its initial state.)144 477.6 Q F1 -(tilde\255expand \(M\255&\))108 489.6 Q F0(Perform tilde e)144 501.6 Q +(turn the line to its initial state.)144 705.6 Q(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q +(2022 February 10)139.29 E(53)188.45 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 54 54 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF(tilde\255expand \(M\255&\))108 84 Q F0(Perform tilde e)144 96 Q (xpansion on the current w)-.15 E(ord.)-.1 E F1 -(set\255mark \(C\255@, M\255\))108 513.6 Q F0 -(Set the mark to the point.)144 525.6 Q(If a numeric ar)5 E +(set\255mark \(C\255@, M\255\))108 108 Q F0 +(Set the mark to the point.)144 120 Q(If a numeric ar)5 E (gument is supplied, the mark is set to that position.)-.18 E F1 -(exchange\255point\255and\255mark \(C\255x C\255x\))108 537.6 Q F0(Sw) -144 549.6 Q .282(ap the point with the mark.)-.1 F .283 +(exchange\255point\255and\255mark \(C\255x C\255x\))108 132 Q F0(Sw)144 +144 Q .282(ap the point with the mark.)-.1 F .283 (The current cursor position is set to the sa)5.283 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.783(dp).15 G .283(osition, and the old)-2.783 F(cursor position is sa) -144 561.6 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(da).15 G 2.5(st)-2.5 G(he mark.)-2.5 E F1 -(character\255sear)108 573.6 Q(ch \(C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.036(Ac)144 -585.6 S .536(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.036 F -.15(ve)-.15 G -3.035(dt).15 G 3.035(ot)-3.035 G .535(he ne)-3.035 F .535 +144 156 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(da).15 G 2.5(st)-2.5 G(he mark.)-2.5 E F1 +(character\255sear)108 168 Q(ch \(C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.036(Ac)144 180 S +.536(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.036 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.035(dt) +.15 G 3.035(ot)-3.035 G .535(he ne)-3.035 F .535 (xt occurrence of that character)-.15 F 5.535(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05 (ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .835 -.15(ve c)-.25 H(ount).15 E(searches for pre) -144 597.6 Q(vious occurrences.)-.25 E F1(character\255sear)108 609.6 Q -(ch\255backward \(M\255C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.543(Ac)144 621.6 S 1.043 +144 192 Q(vious occurrences.)-.25 E F1(character\255sear)108 204 Q +(ch\255backward \(M\255C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.543(Ac)144 216 S 1.043 (haracter is read and point is mo)-3.543 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.544(dt).15 G 3.544(ot)-3.544 G 1.044(he pre)-3.544 F 1.044 (vious occurrence of that character)-.25 F 6.044(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -(count searches for subsequent occurrences.)144 633.6 Q F1 -(skip\255csi\255sequence)108 645.6 Q F0 1.827 -(Read enough characters to consume a multi-k)144 657.6 R 2.126 -.15 -(ey s)-.1 H 1.826(equence such as those de\214ned for k).15 F -.15(ey) --.1 G 4.326(sl).15 G(ik)-4.326 E(e)-.1 E .79(Home and End.)144 669.6 R -.791(Such sequences be)5.79 F .791 +(count searches for subsequent occurrences.)144 228 Q F1 +(skip\255csi\255sequence)108 240 Q F0 1.827 +(Read enough characters to consume a multi-k)144 252 R 2.126 -.15(ey s) +-.1 H 1.826(equence such as those de\214ned for k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G +4.326(sl).15 G(ik)-4.326 E(e)-.1 E .79(Home and End.)144 264 R .791 +(Such sequences be)5.79 F .791 (gin with a Control Sequence Indicator \(CSI\), usually ESC\255[.)-.15 F -.332(If this sequence is bound to "\\[", k)144 681.6 R -.15(ey)-.1 G -2.831(sp).15 G .331(roducing such sequences will ha)-2.831 F .631 -.15 -(ve n)-.2 H 2.831(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.831 G .331(ect unless e).25 F -(xplic-)-.15 E .026(itly bound to a readline command, instead of insert\ -ing stray characters into the editing b)144 693.6 R(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E -5.026(.T)-.55 G(his)-5.026 E(is unbound by def)144 705.6 Q(ault, b)-.1 E -(ut usually bound to ESC\255[.)-.2 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q -(2022 January 17)141.79 E(53)190.95 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 54 54 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(insert\255comment \(M\255#\))108 84 Q F0 -.4(Wi)144 96 S .481 -(thout a numeric ar).4 F .481(gument, the v)-.18 F .481 -(alue of the readline)-.25 F F1(comment\255begin)2.981 E F0 -.25(va) -2.981 G .48(riable is inserted at the).25 F(be)144 108 Q .244 +.332(If this sequence is bound to "\\[", k)144 276 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.831 +(sp).15 G .331(roducing such sequences will ha)-2.831 F .631 -.15(ve n) +-.2 H 2.831(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.831 G .331(ect unless e).25 F(xplic-) +-.15 E .026(itly bound to a readline command, instead of inserting stra\ +y characters into the editing b)144 288 R(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 5.026(.T) +-.55 G(his)-5.026 E(is unbound by def)144 300 Q(ault, b)-.1 E +(ut usually bound to ESC\255[.)-.2 E F1(insert\255comment \(M\255#\))108 +312 Q F0 -.4(Wi)144 324 S .481(thout a numeric ar).4 F .481 +(gument, the v)-.18 F .481(alue of the readline)-.25 F F1 +(comment\255begin)2.981 E F0 -.25(va)2.981 G .48 +(riable is inserted at the).25 F(be)144 336 Q .244 (ginning of the current line.)-.15 F .245(If a numeric ar)5.244 F .245 (gument is supplied, this command acts as a toggle: if)-.18 F .322 -(the characters at the be)144 120 R .321 +(the characters at the be)144 348 R .321 (ginning of the line do not match the v)-.15 F .321(alue of)-.25 F F1 (comment\255begin)2.821 E F0 2.821(,t)C .321(he v)-2.821 F .321(alue is) --.25 F .831(inserted, otherwise the characters in)144 132 R F1 +-.25 F .831(inserted, otherwise the characters in)144 360 R F1 (comment\255begin)3.331 E F0 .832(are deleted from the be)3.331 F .832 (ginning of the line.)-.15 F 1.469 -(In either case, the line is accepted as if a ne)144 144 R 1.468 +(In either case, the line is accepted as if a ne)144 372 R 1.468 (wline had been typed.)-.25 F 1.468(The def)6.468 F 1.468(ault v)-.1 F -1.468(alue of)-.25 F F1(com-)3.968 E(ment\255begin)144 156 Q F0 .839 +1.468(alue of)-.25 F F1(com-)3.968 E(ment\255begin)144 384 Q F0 .839 (causes this command to mak)3.339 F 3.339(et)-.1 G .839 (he current line a shell comment.)-3.339 F .84(If a numeric ar)5.84 F -(gu-)-.18 E(ment causes the comment character to be remo)144 168 Q -.15 +(gu-)-.18 E(ment causes the comment character to be remo)144 396 Q -.15 (ve)-.15 G(d, the line will be e).15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G -(cuted by the shell.).15 E F1(spell\255corr)108 180 Q(ect\255w)-.18 E +(cuted by the shell.).15 E F1(spell\255corr)108 408 Q(ect\255w)-.18 E (ord \(C\255x s\))-.1 E F0 .421 -(Perform spelling correction on the current w)144 192 R .42 +(Perform spelling correction on the current w)144 420 R .42 (ord, treating it as a directory or \214lename, in the same)-.1 F -.1 -(wa)144 204 S 4.717(ya).1 G 4.717(st)-4.717 G(he)-4.717 E F1(cdspell) +(wa)144 432 S 4.717(ya).1 G 4.717(st)-4.717 G(he)-4.717 E F1(cdspell) 4.717 E F0 2.217(shell option.)4.717 F -.8(Wo)7.217 G 2.217 (rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 F F1(shell\255f)4.718 E -(or)-.25 E(-)-.37 E(ward\255w)144 216 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1 -(glob\255complete\255w)108 228 Q(ord \(M\255g\))-.1 E F0 .792(The w)144 -240 R .791(ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F +(or)-.25 E(-)-.37 E(ward\255w)144 444 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1 +(glob\255complete\255w)108 456 Q(ord \(M\255g\))-.1 E F0 .792(The w)144 +468 R .791(ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F .791(xpansion, with an asterisk implicitly)-.15 F 2.5(appended. This)144 -252 R(pattern is used to generate a list of matching \214lenames for po\ -ssible completions.)2.5 E F1(glob\255expand\255w)108 264 Q -(ord \(C\255x *\))-.1 E F0 .175(The w)144 276 R .176 +480 R(pattern is used to generate a list of matching \214lenames for po\ +ssible completions.)2.5 E F1(glob\255expand\255w)108 492 Q +(ord \(C\255x *\))-.1 E F0 .175(The w)144 504 R .176 (ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F .176 (xpansion, and the list of matching \214le-)-.15 F .516 -(names is inserted, replacing the w)144 288 R 3.016(ord. If)-.1 F 3.016 +(names is inserted, replacing the w)144 516 R 3.016(ord. If)-.1 F 3.016 (an)3.016 G .516(umeric ar)-3.016 F .516 (gument is supplied, an asterisk is appended)-.18 F(before pathname e) -144 300 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(glob\255list\255expansions \(C\255x g\)) -108 312 Q F0 .923(The list of e)144 324 R .923(xpansions that w)-.15 F +144 528 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(glob\255list\255expansions \(C\255x g\)) +108 540 Q F0 .923(The list of e)144 552 R .923(xpansions that w)-.15 F .923(ould ha)-.1 F 1.223 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .923(een generated by).15 F F1 (glob\255expand\255w)3.423 E(ord)-.1 E F0 .923(is displayed, and)3.423 F -.872(the line is redra)144 336 R 3.372(wn. If)-.15 F 3.372(an)3.372 G +.872(the line is redra)144 564 R 3.372(wn. If)-.15 F 3.372(an)3.372 G .872(umeric ar)-3.372 F .872 (gument is supplied, an asterisk is appended before pathname)-.18 F -.15 -(ex)144 348 S(pansion.).15 E F1(dump\255functions)108 360 Q F0 .626 -(Print all of the functions and their k)144 372 R .926 -.15(ey b)-.1 H +(ex)144 576 S(pansion.).15 E F1(dump\255functions)108 588 Q F0 .626 +(Print all of the functions and their k)144 600 R .926 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .627(indings to the readline output stream.).15 F .627(If a numeric ar) 5.627 F(gu-)-.18 E -(ment is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)144 384 Q +(ment is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)144 612 Q (ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(inputr) -2.5 E(c)-.37 E F0(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255v)108 396 Q(ariables)-.1 E F0 -.763(Print all of the settable readline v)144 408 R .762 +2.5 E(c)-.37 E F0(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255v)108 624 Q(ariables)-.1 E F0 +.763(Print all of the settable readline v)144 636 R .762 (ariables and their v)-.25 F .762(alues to the readline output stream.) --.25 F .762(If a nu-)5.762 F .108(meric ar)144 420 R .108 +-.25 F .762(If a nu-)5.762 F .108(meric ar)144 648 R .108 (gument is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)-.18 F .109 -(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(in-)2.609 E(putr)144 432 Q -(c)-.37 E F0(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255macr)108 444 Q(os)-.18 E F0 .593 -(Print all of the readline k)144 456 R .893 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .592 +(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(in-)2.609 E(putr)144 660 Q +(c)-.37 E F0(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255macr)108 672 Q(os)-.18 E F0 .593 +(Print all of the readline k)144 684 R .893 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .592 (equences bound to macros and the strings the).15 F 3.092(yo)-.15 G -3.092(utput. If)-3.092 F 3.092(an)3.092 G(umeric)-3.092 E(ar)144 468 Q +3.092(utput. If)-3.092 F 3.092(an)3.092 G(umeric)-3.092 E(ar)144 696 Q .528(gument is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)-.18 F .528 (ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(inputr)3.028 E(c)-.37 E F0 -(\214le.)144 480 Q F1(display\255shell\255v)108 492 Q -(ersion \(C\255x C\255v\))-.1 E F0(Display v)144 504 Q -(ersion information about the current instance of)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E -F0(.)A F1(Pr)87 520.8 Q(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0 .147(When w)108 -532.8 R .147(ord completion is attempted for an ar)-.1 F .147 +(\214le.)144 708 Q(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(54) +188.45 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 55 55 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF(display\255shell\255v)108 84 Q(ersion \(C\255x C\255v\))-.1 E F0 +(Display v)144 96 Q(ersion information about the current instance of) +-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(Pr)87 112.8 Q(ogrammable Completion)-.18 +E F0 .147(When w)108 124.8 R .147(ord completion is attempted for an ar) +-.1 F .147 (gument to a command for which a completion speci\214cation \(a)-.18 F -F2(compspec)108 544.8 Q F0 3.828(\)h)C 1.329 +/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(compspec)108 136.8 Q F0 3.828(\)h)C 1.329 (as been de\214ned using the)-3.828 F F1(complete)3.829 E F0 -.2(bu) 3.829 G 1.329(iltin \(see).2 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.329(SHELL B)3.829 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.329(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.579 E 1.329(w\), the) --.25 F(programmable completion f)108 556.8 Q(acilities are in)-.1 E -.2 +-.25 F(programmable completion f)108 148.8 Q(acilities are in)-.1 E -.2 (vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E .498 -(First, the command name is identi\214ed.)108 573.6 R .498 +(First, the command name is identi\214ed.)108 165.6 R .498 (If the command w)5.498 F .497 (ord is the empty string \(completion attempted at)-.1 F .233(the be)108 -585.6 R .233(ginning of an empty line\), an)-.15 F 2.733(yc)-.15 G .233 +177.6 R .233(ginning of an empty line\), an)-.15 F 2.733(yc)-.15 G .233 (ompspec de\214ned with the)-2.733 F F12.733 E F0 .233(option to) 2.733 F F1(complete)2.733 E F0 .233(is used.)2.733 F .234(If a comp-) 5.234 F .481(spec has been de\214ned for that command, the compspec is \ -used to generate the list of possible completions)108 597.6 R .822 -(for the w)108 609.6 R 3.322(ord. If)-.1 F .822(the command w)3.322 F +used to generate the list of possible completions)108 189.6 R .822 +(for the w)108 201.6 R 3.322(ord. If)-.1 F .822(the command w)3.322 F .823(ord is a full pathname, a compspec for the full pathname is search\ -ed for)-.1 F 2.867(\214rst. If)108 621.6 R .366(no compspec is found fo\ +ed for)-.1 F 2.867(\214rst. If)108 213.6 R .366(no compspec is found fo\ r the full pathname, an attempt is made to \214nd a compspec for the po\ -rtion)2.867 F(follo)108 633.6 Q .298(wing the \214nal slash.)-.25 F .298 +rtion)2.867 F(follo)108 225.6 Q .298(wing the \214nal slash.)-.25 F .298 (If those searches do not result in a compspec, an)5.298 F 2.799(yc)-.15 G .299(ompspec de\214ned with the)-2.799 F F12.799 E F0 .057 -(option to)108 645.6 R F1(complete)2.557 E F0 .056(is used as the def) +(option to)108 237.6 R F1(complete)2.557 E F0 .056(is used as the def) 2.556 F 2.556(ault. If)-.1 F .056(there is no def)2.556 F .056 (ault compspec,)-.1 F F1(bash)2.556 E F0 .056(attempts alias e)2.556 F -.056(xpansion on)-.15 F .332(the command w)108 657.6 R .332(ord as a \ +.056(xpansion on)-.15 F .332(the command w)108 249.6 R .332(ord as a \ \214nal resort, and attempts to \214nd a compspec for the command w)-.1 F .332(ord from an)-.1 F 2.833(ys)-.15 G(uc-)-2.833 E(cessful e)108 -669.6 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E .817(Once a compspec has been found, it is use\ -d to generate the list of matching w)108 686.4 R 3.317(ords. If)-.1 F -3.317(ac)3.317 G .817(ompspec is not)-3.317 F(found, the def)108 698.4 Q +261.6 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E .817(Once a compspec has been found, it is use\ +d to generate the list of matching w)108 278.4 R 3.317(ords. If)-.1 F +3.317(ac)3.317 G .817(ompspec is not)-3.317 F(found, the def)108 290.4 Q (ault)-.1 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(completion as described abo)2.5 E .3 -.15 (ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1(Completing)2.5 E F0(is performed.)2.5 E .463 -(First, the actions speci\214ed by the compspec are used.)108 715.2 R +(First, the actions speci\214ed by the compspec are used.)108 307.2 R .464(Only matches which are pre\214x)5.464 F .464(ed by the w)-.15 F -.464(ord being)-.1 F .596(completed are returned.)108 727.2 R .596 +.464(ord being)-.1 F .596(completed are returned.)108 319.2 R .596 (When the)5.596 F F13.096 E F0(or)3.095 E F13.095 E F0 .595 (option is used for \214lename or directory name completion, the)3.095 F -(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 January 17)141.79 E(54)190.95 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 55 55 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(shell v)108 84 Q -(ariable)-.25 E/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0 -(is used to \214lter the matches.)2.25 E(An)108 100.8 Q 4.084(yc)-.15 G +(shell v)108 331.2 Q(ariable)-.25 E F3(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0 +(is used to \214lter the matches.)2.25 E(An)108 348 Q 4.084(yc)-.15 G 1.584(ompletions speci\214ed by a pathname e)-4.084 F 1.584 -(xpansion pattern to the)-.15 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF4.084 E F0 -1.584(option are generated ne)4.084 F 4.084(xt. The)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 -112.8 S .555(rds generated by the pattern need not match the w).1 F .554 -(ord being completed.)-.1 F(The)5.554 E F1(GLOBIGNORE)3.054 E F0 .554 +(xpansion pattern to the)-.15 F F14.084 E F0 1.584 +(option are generated ne)4.084 F 4.084(xt. The)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 360 S +.555(rds generated by the pattern need not match the w).1 F .554 +(ord being completed.)-.1 F(The)5.554 E F3(GLOBIGNORE)3.054 E F0 .554 (shell v)2.804 F(ari-)-.25 E -(able is not used to \214lter the matches, b)108 124.8 Q(ut the)-.2 E F1 -(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G(riable is used.).25 E(Ne)108 141.6 Q +(able is not used to \214lter the matches, b)108 372 Q(ut the)-.2 E F3 +(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G(riable is used.).25 E(Ne)108 388.8 Q .32(xt, the string speci\214ed as the ar)-.15 F .32(gument to the)-.18 F -F22.82 E F0 .321(option is considered.)2.821 F .321 +F12.82 E F0 .321(option is considered.)2.821 F .321 (The string is \214rst split using the)5.321 F .413(characters in the) -108 153.6 R F1(IFS)2.913 E F0 .412(special v)2.663 F .412 +108 400.8 R F3(IFS)2.913 E F0 .412(special v)2.663 F .412 (ariable as delimiters.)-.25 F .412(Shell quoting is honored.)5.412 F .412(Each w)5.412 F .412(ord is then e)-.1 F(xpanded)-.15 E .091 -(using brace e)108 165.6 R .091(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .092 +(using brace e)108 412.8 R .091(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .092 (xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .092(ariable e)-.25 F .092 (xpansion, command substitution, and arith-)-.15 F 1.397(metic e)108 -177.6 R 1.396(xpansion, as described abo)-.15 F 1.696 -.15(ve u)-.15 H -(nder).15 E F1(EXP)3.896 E(ANSION)-.666 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 +424.8 R 1.396(xpansion, as described abo)-.15 F 1.696 -.15(ve u)-.15 H +(nder).15 E F3(EXP)3.896 E(ANSION)-.666 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 1.396(The results are split using the rules described)5.896 F(abo)108 -189.6 Q .509 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2 -.75(Wo)2.709 G .209 +436.8 Q .509 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.75(Wo)2.709 G .209 (rd Splitting).75 F F0 5.209(.T)C .209(he results of the e)-5.209 F .209 (xpansion are pre\214x-matched ag)-.15 F .21(ainst the w)-.05 F .21 -(ord being com-)-.1 F(pleted, and the matching w)108 201.6 Q +(ord being com-)-.1 F(pleted, and the matching w)108 448.8 Q (ords become the possible completions.)-.1 E .234 -(After these matches ha)108 218.4 R .534 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .234 +(After these matches ha)108 465.6 R .534 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .234 (een generated, an).15 F 2.734(ys)-.15 G .233 -(hell function or command speci\214ed with the)-2.734 F F22.733 E -F0(and)2.733 E F22.733 E F0(op-)2.733 E 4.208(tions is in)108 -230.4 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 6.708(d. When).1 F 4.209 +(hell function or command speci\214ed with the)-2.734 F F12.733 E +F0(and)2.733 E F12.733 E F0(op-)2.733 E 4.208(tions is in)108 +477.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 6.708(d. When).1 F 4.209 (the command or function is in)6.708 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 4.209 -(d, the).1 F F1(COMP_LINE)6.709 E F3(,)A F1(COMP_POINT)6.459 E F3(,)A F1 -(COMP_KEY)108 242.4 Q F3(,)A F0(and)2.408 E F1(COMP_TYPE)2.658 E F0 -.25 +(d, the).1 F F3(COMP_LINE)6.709 E F4(,)A F3(COMP_POINT)6.459 E F4(,)A F3 +(COMP_KEY)108 489.6 Q F4(,)A F0(and)2.408 E F3(COMP_TYPE)2.658 E F0 -.25 (va)2.408 G .157(riables are assigned v).25 F .157 -(alues as described abo)-.25 F .457 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2 .157 +(alues as described abo)-.25 F .457 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 .157 (Shell V)2.657 F(ariables)-.92 E F0 5.157(.I)C(f)-5.157 E 3.485(as)108 -254.4 S .986(hell function is being in)-3.485 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G -.986(d, the).1 F F1(COMP_W)3.486 E(ORDS)-.09 E F0(and)3.236 E F1 +501.6 S .986(hell function is being in)-3.485 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G +.986(d, the).1 F F3(COMP_W)3.486 E(ORDS)-.09 E F0(and)3.236 E F3 (COMP_CW)3.486 E(ORD)-.09 E F0 -.25(va)3.236 G .986 (riables are also set.).25 F(When)5.986 E .347 -(the function or command is in)108 266.4 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .347 -(d, the \214rst ar).1 F .346(gument \()-.18 F F2($1)A F0 2.846(\)i)C +(the function or command is in)108 513.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .347 +(d, the \214rst ar).1 F .346(gument \()-.18 F F1($1)A F0 2.846(\)i)C 2.846(st)-2.846 G .346(he name of the command whose ar)-2.846 F(guments) --.18 E .263(are being completed, the second ar)108 278.4 R .263 -(gument \()-.18 F F2($2)A F0 2.763(\)i)C 2.763(st)-2.763 G .264(he w) +-.18 E .263(are being completed, the second ar)108 525.6 R .263 +(gument \()-.18 F F1($2)A F0 2.763(\)i)C 2.763(st)-2.763 G .264(he w) -2.763 F .264(ord being completed, and the third ar)-.1 F .264 -(gument \()-.18 F F2($3)A F0 2.764(\)i)C(s)-2.764 E .629(the w)108 290.4 +(gument \()-.18 F F1($3)A F0 2.764(\)i)C(s)-2.764 E .629(the w)108 537.6 R .629(ord preceding the w)-.1 F .629 (ord being completed on the current command line.)-.1 F .628 -(No \214ltering of the generated)5.629 F .714(completions ag)108 302.4 R +(No \214ltering of the generated)5.629 F .714(completions ag)108 549.6 R .714(ainst the w)-.05 F .714(ord being completed is performed; the func\ tion or command has complete free-)-.1 F(dom in generating the matches.) -108 314.4 Q(An)108 331.2 Q 2.938(yf)-.15 G .437 -(unction speci\214ed with)-2.938 F F22.937 E F0 .437(is in)2.937 F +108 561.6 Q(An)108 578.4 Q 2.938(yf)-.15 G .437 +(unction speci\214ed with)-2.938 F F12.937 E F0 .437(is in)2.937 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.937<648c>.1 G 2.937(rst. The)-2.937 F .437 (function may use an)2.937 F 2.937(yo)-.15 G 2.937(ft)-2.937 G .437 -(he shell f)-2.937 F .437(acilities, including)-.1 F(the)108 343.2 Q F2 +(he shell f)-2.937 F .437(acilities, including)-.1 F(the)108 590.4 Q F1 (compgen)2.956 E F0 -.2(bu)2.956 G .456(iltin described belo).2 F 1.756 -.65(w, t)-.25 H 2.956(og).65 G .456(enerate the matches.)-2.956 F .457 -(It must put the possible completions in the)5.456 F F1(COMPREPL)108 -355.2 Q(Y)-.828 E F0(array v)2.25 E(ariable, one per array element.)-.25 -E(Ne)108 372 Q .081(xt, an)-.15 F 2.581(yc)-.15 G .081 -(ommand speci\214ed with the)-2.581 F F22.581 E F0 .081 +(It must put the possible completions in the)5.456 F F3(COMPREPL)108 +602.4 Q(Y)-.828 E F0(array v)2.25 E(ariable, one per array element.)-.25 +E(Ne)108 619.2 Q .081(xt, an)-.15 F 2.581(yc)-.15 G .081 +(ommand speci\214ed with the)-2.581 F F12.581 E F0 .081 (option is in)2.581 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.581(di).1 G 2.58(na) -2.581 G 2.58(ne)-2.58 G -.4(nv)-2.58 G .08(ironment equi).4 F -.25(va) --.25 G .08(lent to command sub-).25 F 2.858(stitution. It)108 384 R .359 -(should print a list of completions, one per line, to the standard outp\ -ut.)2.858 F .359(Backslash may be used)5.359 F(to escape a ne)108 396 Q -(wline, if necessary)-.25 E(.)-.65 E .377 -(After all of the possible completions are generated, an)108 412.8 R -2.877<798c>-.15 G .377(lter speci\214ed with the)-2.877 F F22.876 -E F0 .376(option is applied to the)2.876 F 3.181(list. The)108 424.8 R -.681(\214lter is a pattern as used for pathname e)3.181 F .681 -(xpansion; a)-.15 F F2(&)3.181 E F0 .682 -(in the pattern is replaced with the te)3.182 F .682(xt of)-.15 F .523 -(the w)108 436.8 R .523(ord being completed.)-.1 F 3.023(Al)5.523 G -(iteral)-3.023 E F2(&)3.023 E F0 .522 +-.25 G .08(lent to command sub-).25 F 2.858(stitution. It)108 631.2 R +.359(should print a list of completions, one per line, to the standard \ +output.)2.858 F .359(Backslash may be used)5.359 F(to escape a ne)108 +643.2 Q(wline, if necessary)-.25 E(.)-.65 E .377 +(After all of the possible completions are generated, an)108 660 R 2.877 +<798c>-.15 G .377(lter speci\214ed with the)-2.877 F F12.876 E F0 +.376(option is applied to the)2.876 F 3.181(list. The)108 672 R .681 +(\214lter is a pattern as used for pathname e)3.181 F .681(xpansion; a) +-.15 F F1(&)3.181 E F0 .682(in the pattern is replaced with the te)3.182 +F .682(xt of)-.15 F .523(the w)108 684 R .523(ord being completed.)-.1 F +3.023(Al)5.523 G(iteral)-3.023 E F1(&)3.023 E F0 .522 (may be escaped with a backslash; the backslash is remo)3.022 F -.15(ve) --.15 G 3.022(db).15 G(efore)-3.022 E .849(attempting a match.)108 448.8 -R(An)5.849 E 3.349(yc)-.15 G .849 +-.15 G 3.022(db).15 G(efore)-3.022 E .849(attempting a match.)108 696 R +(An)5.849 E 3.349(yc)-.15 G .849 (ompletion that matches the pattern will be remo)-3.349 F -.15(ve)-.15 G -3.35(df).15 G .85(rom the list.)-3.35 F 3.35(Al)5.85 G(eading)-3.35 E F2 -(!)3.35 E F0(ne)108 460.8 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G .764 +3.35(df).15 G .85(rom the list.)-3.35 F 3.35(Al)5.85 G(eading)-3.35 E F1 +(!)3.35 E F0(ne)108 708 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G .764 (tes the pattern; in this case an).05 F 3.264(yc)-.15 G .764 (ompletion not matching the pattern will be remo)-3.264 F -.15(ve)-.15 G -3.264(d. If).15 F(the)3.264 E F2(nocase-)3.264 E(match)108 472.8 Q F0 +3.264(d. If).15 F(the)3.264 E F1(nocase-)3.264 E(match)108 720 Q F0 (shell option is enabled, the match is performed without re)2.5 E -.05 -(ga)-.15 G(rd to the case of alphabetic characters.).05 E(Finally)108 -489.6 Q 3.086(,a)-.65 G .886 -.15(ny p)-3.086 H .586(re\214x and suf).15 -F .587(\214x speci\214ed with the)-.25 F F23.087 E F0(and)3.087 E -F23.087 E F0 .587(options are added to each member of the com-) -3.087 F(pletion list, and the result is returned to the readline comple\ -tion code as the list of possible completions.)108 501.6 Q .247 -(If the pre)108 518.4 R .247(viously-applied actions do not generate an) --.25 F 2.747(ym)-.15 G .247(atches, and the)-2.747 F F2 .247(\255o dir) -2.747 F(names)-.15 E F0 .247(option w)2.747 F .246(as supplied to)-.1 F -F2(complete)108 530.4 Q F0(when the compspec w)2.5 E +(ga)-.15 G(rd to the case of alphabetic characters.).05 E(GNU Bash 5.2) +72 768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(55)188.45 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 56 56 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(Finally)108 84 Q +3.086(,a)-.65 G .886 -.15(ny p)-3.086 H .586(re\214x and suf).15 F .587 +(\214x speci\214ed with the)-.25 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF3.087 E F0 +(and)3.087 E F13.087 E F0 .587 +(options are added to each member of the com-)3.087 F(pletion list, and\ + the result is returned to the readline completion code as the list of \ +possible completions.)108 96 Q .247(If the pre)108 112.8 R .247 +(viously-applied actions do not generate an)-.25 F 2.747(ym)-.15 G .247 +(atches, and the)-2.747 F F1 .247(\255o dir)2.747 F(names)-.15 E F0 .247 +(option w)2.747 F .246(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)108 124.8 Q F0 +(when the compspec w)2.5 E (as de\214ned, directory name completion is attempted.)-.1 E .461 -(If the)108 547.2 R F2 .462(\255o plusdirs)2.961 F F0 .462(option w) -2.962 F .462(as supplied to)-.1 F F2(complete)2.962 E F0 .462 +(If the)108 141.6 R F1 .462(\255o plusdirs)2.961 F F0 .462(option w) +2.962 F .462(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)2.962 E F0 .462 (when the compspec w)2.962 F .462(as de\214ned, directory name com-)-.1 -F(pletion is attempted and an)108 559.2 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G +F(pletion is attempted and an)108 153.6 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G (atches are added to the results of the other actions.)-2.5 E .56 -(By def)108 576 R .56(ault, if a compspec is found, whate)-.1 F -.15(ve) --.25 G 3.06(ri).15 G 3.06(tg)-3.06 G .559 +(By def)108 170.4 R .56(ault, if a compspec is found, whate)-.1 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G 3.06(ri).15 G 3.06(tg)-3.06 G .559 (enerates is returned to the completion code as the full set)-3.06 F -.631(of possible completions.)108 588 R .631(The def)5.631 F(ault)-.1 E -F2(bash)3.131 E F0 .631 +.631(of possible completions.)108 182.4 R .631(The def)5.631 F(ault)-.1 +E F1(bash)3.131 E F0 .631 (completions are not attempted, and the readline def)3.131 F .632 -(ault of \214le-)-.1 F .559(name completion is disabled.)108 600 R .559 -(If the)5.559 F F2 .559(\255o bashdefault)3.059 F F0 .559(option w)3.059 -F .559(as supplied to)-.1 F F2(complete)3.058 E F0 .558 -(when the compspec)3.058 F -.1(wa)108 612 S 3.171(sd).1 G .671 -(e\214ned, the)-3.171 F F2(bash)3.171 E F0(def)3.171 E .671 +(ault of \214le-)-.1 F .559(name completion is disabled.)108 194.4 R +.559(If the)5.559 F F1 .559(\255o bashdefault)3.059 F F0 .559(option w) +3.059 F .559(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)3.058 E F0 .558 +(when the compspec)3.058 F -.1(wa)108 206.4 S 3.171(sd).1 G .671 +(e\214ned, the)-3.171 F F1(bash)3.171 E F0(def)3.171 E .671 (ault completions are attempted if the compspec generates no matches.) --.1 F .672(If the)5.672 F F23.172 E(default)108 624 Q F0 1.207 -(option w)3.707 F 1.207(as supplied to)-.1 F F2(complete)3.707 E F0 +-.1 F .672(If the)5.672 F F13.172 E(default)108 218.4 Q F0 1.207 +(option w)3.707 F 1.207(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)3.707 E F0 1.207(when the compspec w)3.707 F 1.207(as de\214ned, readline')-.1 F 3.707(sd)-.55 G(ef)-3.707 E 1.206(ault completion)-.1 F -(will be performed if the compspec \(and, if attempted, the def)108 636 -Q(ault)-.1 E F2(bash)2.5 E F0(completions\) generate no matches.)2.5 E -.245(When a compspec indicates that directory name completion is desire\ -d, the programmable completion func-)108 652.8 R .633(tions force readl\ -ine to append a slash to completed names which are symbolic links to di\ -rectories, subject)108 664.8 R 2.761(to the v)108 676.8 R 2.761 -(alue of the)-.25 F F2(mark\255dir)5.261 E(ectories)-.18 E F0 2.761 +(will be performed if the compspec \(and, if attempted, the def)108 +230.4 Q(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(completions\) generate no matches.) +2.5 E .245(When a compspec indicates that directory name completion is \ +desired, the programmable completion func-)108 247.2 R .633(tions force\ + readline to append a slash to completed names which are symbolic links\ + to directories, subject)108 259.2 R 2.761(to the v)108 271.2 R 2.761 +(alue of the)-.25 F F1(mark\255dir)5.261 E(ectories)-.18 E F0 2.761 (readline v)5.261 F 2.761(ariable, re)-.25 F -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.762 -(rdless of the setting of the).05 F F2(mark-sym-)5.262 E(link)108 688.8 +(rdless of the setting of the).05 F F1(mark-sym-)5.262 E(link)108 283.2 Q(ed\255dir)-.1 E(ectories)-.18 E F0(readline v)2.5 E(ariable.)-.25 E .191(There is some support for dynamically modifying completions.)108 -705.6 R .19(This is most useful when used in combina-)5.191 F 1.172 -(tion with a def)108 717.6 R 1.172(ault completion speci\214ed with)-.1 -F F2 1.172(complete \255D)3.672 F F0 6.172(.I)C(t')-6.172 E 3.672(sp) --.55 G 1.172(ossible for shell functions e)-3.672 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.172 +300 R .19(This is most useful when used in combina-)5.191 F 1.172 +(tion with a def)108 312 R 1.172(ault completion speci\214ed with)-.1 F +F1 1.172(complete \255D)3.672 F F0 6.172(.I)C(t')-6.172 E 3.672(sp)-.55 +G 1.172(ossible for shell functions e)-3.672 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.172 (cuted as).15 F .93(completion handlers to indicate that completion sho\ -uld be retried by returning an e)108 729.6 R .93(xit status of 124.)-.15 -F .93(If a)5.93 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 January 17)141.79 E(55) -190.95 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 56 56 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .1(shell function\ - returns 124, and changes the compspec associated with the command on w\ -hich completion is)108 84 R .666 -(being attempted \(supplied as the \214rst ar)108 96 R .665 +uld be retried by returning an e)108 324 R .93(xit status of 124.)-.15 F +.93(If a)5.93 F .1(shell function returns 124, and changes the compspec\ + associated with the command on which completion is)108 336 R .666 +(being attempted \(supplied as the \214rst ar)108 348 R .665 (gument when the function is e)-.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .665 (cuted\), programmable completion).15 F .083(restarts from the be)108 -108 R .084(ginning, with an attempt to \214nd a ne)-.15 F 2.584(wc)-.25 +360 R .084(ginning, with an attempt to \214nd a ne)-.15 F 2.584(wc)-.25 G .084(ompspec for that command.)-2.584 F .084(This allo)5.084 F .084 -(ws a set of)-.25 F(completions to be b)108 120 Q(uilt dynamically as c\ +(ws a set of)-.25 F(completions to be b)108 372 Q(uilt dynamically as c\ ompletion is attempted, rather than being loaded all at once.)-.2 E -.15 -(Fo)108 136.8 S 2.637(ri).15 G .137 +(Fo)108 388.8 S 2.637(ri).15 G .137 (nstance, assuming that there is a library of compspecs, each k)-2.637 F .137(ept in a \214le corresponding to the name of)-.1 F -(the command, the follo)108 148.8 Q(wing def)-.25 E +(the command, the follo)108 400.8 Q(wing def)-.25 E (ault completion function w)-.1 E(ould load completions dynamically:)-.1 -E/F1 10/Courier@0 SF(_completion_loader\(\))108 165.6 Q({)108 177.6 Q 6 -(.")144 189.6 S +E/F2 10/Courier@0 SF(_completion_loader\(\))108 417.6 Q({)108 429.6 Q 6 +(.")144 441.6 S (/etc/bash_completion.d/$1.sh" >/dev/null 2>&1 && return 124)-6 E(})108 -201.6 Q(complete -D -F _completion_loader -o bashdefault -o default)108 -213.6 Q/F2 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)72 242.4 Q(OR)-.197 E(Y)-.383 E F0 -.371(When the)108 254.4 R/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF .371(\255o history)2.871 -F F0 .371(option to the)2.871 F F3(set)2.872 E F0 -.2(bu)2.872 G .372 +453.6 Q(complete -D -F _completion_loader -o bashdefault -o default)108 +465.6 Q/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)72 494.4 Q(OR)-.197 E(Y)-.383 E F0 +.371(When the)108 506.4 R F1 .371(\255o history)2.871 F F0 .371 +(option to the)2.871 F F1(set)2.872 E F0 -.2(bu)2.872 G .372 (iltin is enabled, the shell pro).2 F .372(vides access to the)-.15 F/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF .372(command history)2.872 F F0(,)A .305 -(the list of commands pre)108 266.4 R .305(viously typed.)-.25 F .305 +(the list of commands pre)108 518.4 R .305(viously typed.)-.25 F .305 (The v)5.305 F .304(alue of the)-.25 F/F5 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTSIZE) 2.804 E F0 -.25(va)2.554 G .304(riable is used as the number of com-).25 -F .429(mands to sa)108 278.4 R .729 -.15(ve i)-.2 H 2.929(nah).15 G .429 +F .429(mands to sa)108 530.4 R .729 -.15(ve i)-.2 H 2.929(nah).15 G .429 (istory list.)-2.929 F .429(The te)5.429 F .429(xt of the last)-.15 F F5 (HISTSIZE)2.93 E F0 .43(commands \(def)2.68 F .43(ault 500\) is sa)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.93(d. The).15 F(shell)2.93 E .287 (stores each command in the history list prior to parameter and v)108 -290.4 R .287(ariable e)-.25 F .287(xpansion \(see)-.15 F F5(EXP)2.787 E -(ANSION)-.666 E F0(abo)2.537 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\)).15 E -.2(bu)108 302.4 +542.4 R .287(ariable e)-.25 F .287(xpansion \(see)-.15 F F5(EXP)2.787 E +(ANSION)-.666 E F0(abo)2.537 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\)).15 E -.2(bu)108 554.4 S 4.065(ta).2 G 1.565(fter history e)-4.065 F 1.565 (xpansion is performed, subject to the v)-.15 F 1.565 (alues of the shell v)-.25 F(ariables)-.25 E F5(HISTIGNORE)4.065 E F0 -(and)3.816 E F5(HISTCONTR)108 314.4 Q(OL)-.27 E/F6 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.) +(and)3.816 E F5(HISTCONTR)108 566.4 Q(OL)-.27 E/F6 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.) A F0 .082 (On startup, the history is initialized from the \214le named by the v) -108 331.2 R(ariable)-.25 E F5(HISTFILE)2.582 E F0(\(def)2.332 E(ault)-.1 +108 583.2 R(ariable)-.25 E F5(HISTFILE)2.582 E F0(\(def)2.332 E(ault)-.1 E F4(~/.bash_history)2.582 E F0(\).)A .315(The \214le named by the v)108 -343.2 R .315(alue of)-.25 F F5(HISTFILE)2.815 E F0 .315 +595.2 R .315(alue of)-.25 F F5(HISTFILE)2.815 E F0 .315 (is truncated, if necessary)2.565 F 2.815(,t)-.65 G 2.815(oc)-2.815 G .315(ontain no more than the number of)-2.815 F .659 -(lines speci\214ed by the v)108 355.2 R .659(alue of)-.25 F F5 -(HISTFILESIZE)3.158 E F6(.)A F0(If)5.158 E F3(HISTFILESIZE)3.158 E F0 -.658(is unset, or set to null, a non-numeric)3.158 F -.25(va)108 367.2 S +(lines speci\214ed by the v)108 607.2 R .659(alue of)-.25 F F5 +(HISTFILESIZE)3.158 E F6(.)A F0(If)5.158 E F1(HISTFILESIZE)3.158 E F0 +.658(is unset, or set to null, a non-numeric)3.158 F -.25(va)108 619.2 S .142(lue, or a numeric v).25 F .142 (alue less than zero, the history \214le is not truncated.)-.25 F .142 -(When the history \214le is read, lines)5.142 F(be)108 379.2 Q 1.605 +(When the history \214le is read, lines)5.142 F(be)108 631.2 Q 1.605 (ginning with the history comment character follo)-.15 F 1.604 (wed immediately by a digit are interpreted as time-)-.25 F .15 -(stamps for the follo)108 391.2 R .15(wing history line.)-.25 F .151 +(stamps for the follo)108 643.2 R .15(wing history line.)-.25 F .151 (These timestamps are optionally displayed depending on the v)5.151 F -.151(alue of)-.25 F(the)108 403.2 Q F5(HISTTIMEFORMA)3.559 E(T)-.855 E +.151(alue of)-.25 F(the)108 655.2 Q F5(HISTTIMEFORMA)3.559 E(T)-.855 E F0 -.25(va)3.309 G 3.559(riable. When).25 F 3.559(as)3.559 G 1.059 (hell with history enabled e)-3.559 F 1.059(xits, the last)-.15 F F5 ($HISTSIZE)3.559 E F0 1.058(lines are)3.309 F .158 -(copied from the history list to)108 415.2 R F5($HISTFILE)2.658 E F6(.)A -F0 .158(If the)4.658 F F3(histappend)2.658 E F0 .159 -(shell option is enabled \(see the description of)2.659 F F3(shopt)108 -427.2 Q F0(under)2.582 E F5 .082(SHELL B)2.582 F(UIL)-.09 E .082 +(copied from the history list to)108 667.2 R F5($HISTFILE)2.658 E F6(.)A +F0 .158(If the)4.658 F F1(histappend)2.658 E F0 .159 +(shell option is enabled \(see the description of)2.659 F F1(shopt)108 +679.2 Q F0(under)2.582 E F5 .082(SHELL B)2.582 F(UIL)-.09 E .082 (TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)2.332 E .082 (w\), the lines are appended to the history \214le, otherwise the)-.25 F -.196(history \214le is o)108 439.2 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.696(rwritten. If) +.196(history \214le is o)108 691.2 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.696(rwritten. If) .15 F F5(HISTFILE)2.696 E F0 .197(is unset, or if the history \214le is\ unwritable, the history is not sa)2.446 F -.15(ve)-.2 G(d.).15 E .584 -(If the)108 451.2 R F5(HISTTIMEFORMA)3.084 E(T)-.855 E F0 -.25(va)2.834 +(If the)108 703.2 R F5(HISTTIMEFORMA)3.084 E(T)-.855 E F0 -.25(va)2.834 G .584 (riable is set, time stamps are written to the history \214le, mark).25 -F .583(ed with the his-)-.1 F 1.147(tory comment character)108 463.2 R +F .583(ed with the his-)-.1 F 1.147(tory comment character)108 715.2 R 3.647(,s)-.4 G 3.647(ot)-3.647 G(he)-3.647 E 3.647(ym)-.15 G 1.147 (ay be preserv)-3.647 F 1.147(ed across shell sessions.)-.15 F 1.148 (This uses the history comment)6.148 F 1.377 -(character to distinguish timestamps from other history lines.)108 475.2 +(character to distinguish timestamps from other history lines.)108 727.2 R 1.377(After sa)6.377 F 1.377(ving the history)-.2 F 3.876(,t)-.65 G -1.376(he history \214le is)-3.876 F .756 -(truncated to contain no more than)108 487.2 R F5(HISTFILESIZE)3.257 E -F0 3.257(lines. If)3.007 F F5(HISTFILESIZE)3.257 E F0 .757 -(is unset, or set to null, a non-)3.007 F(numeric v)108 499.2 Q +1.376(he history \214le is)-3.876 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q +(2022 February 10)139.29 E(56)188.45 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 57 57 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .756 +(truncated to contain no more than)108 84 R/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF +(HISTFILESIZE)3.257 E F0 3.257(lines. If)3.007 F F1(HISTFILESIZE)3.257 E +F0 .757(is unset, or set to null, a non-)3.007 F(numeric v)108 96 Q (alue, or a numeric v)-.25 E (alue less than zero, the history \214le is not truncated.)-.25 E .299 -(The b)108 516 R .299(uiltin command)-.2 F F3(fc)2.799 E F0(\(see)2.799 -E F5 .299(SHELL B)2.799 F(UIL)-.09 E .299(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo) -2.549 E .298(w\) may be used to list or edit and re-e)-.25 F -.15(xe) --.15 G(-).15 E .471(cute a portion of the history list.)108 528 R(The) -5.471 E F3(history)2.971 E F0 -.2(bu)2.971 G .472 +(The b)108 112.8 R .299(uiltin command)-.2 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(fc) +2.799 E F0(\(see)2.799 E F1 .299(SHELL B)2.799 F(UIL)-.09 E .299 +(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)2.549 E .298 +(w\) may be used to list or edit and re-e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E +.471(cute a portion of the history list.)108 124.8 R(The)5.471 E F2 +(history)2.971 E F0 -.2(bu)2.971 G .472 (iltin may be used to display or modify the history list and).2 F .002 -(manipulate the history \214le.)108 540 R .001 +(manipulate the history \214le.)108 136.8 R .001 (When using command-line editing, search commands are a)5.002 F -.25(va) --.2 G .001(ilable in each edit-).25 F(ing mode that pro)108 552 Q -(vide access to the history list.)-.15 E 1.485(The shell allo)108 568.8 +-.2 G .001(ilable in each edit-).25 F(ing mode that pro)108 148.8 Q +(vide access to the history list.)-.15 E 1.485(The shell allo)108 165.6 R 1.485(ws control o)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.986(rw).15 G 1.486 (hich commands are sa)-3.986 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.986(do).15 G 3.986(nt) --3.986 G 1.486(he history list.)-3.986 F(The)6.486 E F5(HISTCONTR)3.986 -E(OL)-.27 E F0(and)3.736 E F5(HISTIGNORE)108 580.8 Q F0 -.25(va)2.708 G +-3.986 G 1.486(he history list.)-3.986 F(The)6.486 E F1(HISTCONTR)3.986 +E(OL)-.27 E F0(and)3.736 E F1(HISTIGNORE)108 177.6 Q F0 -.25(va)2.708 G .458(riables may be set to cause the shell to sa).25 F .757 -.15(ve o) --.2 H .457(nly a subset of the commands entered.).15 F(The)5.457 E F3 -(cmdhist)108 592.8 Q F0 .75 +-.2 H .457(nly a subset of the commands entered.).15 F(The)5.457 E F2 +(cmdhist)108 189.6 Q F0 .75 (shell option, if enabled, causes the shell to attempt to sa)3.25 F 1.05 -.15(ve e)-.2 H .75(ach line of a multi-line command in).15 F 1.077 -(the same history entry)108 604.8 R 3.577(,a)-.65 G 1.077 +(the same history entry)108 201.6 R 3.577(,a)-.65 G 1.077 (dding semicolons where necessary to preserv)-3.577 F 3.577(es)-.15 G -1.077(yntactic correctness.)-3.577 F(The)6.077 E F3(lithist)3.576 E F0 -.373(shell option causes the shell to sa)108 616.8 R .674 -.15(ve t)-.2 +1.077(yntactic correctness.)-3.577 F(The)6.077 E F2(lithist)3.576 E F0 +.373(shell option causes the shell to sa)108 213.6 R .674 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .374(he command with embedded ne).15 F .374 (wlines instead of semicolons.)-.25 F .374(See the)5.374 F .319 -(description of the)108 628.8 R F3(shopt)2.819 E F0 -.2(bu)2.819 G .318 -(iltin belo).2 F 2.818(wu)-.25 G(nder)-2.818 E F5 .318(SHELL B)2.818 F +(description of the)108 225.6 R F2(shopt)2.819 E F0 -.2(bu)2.819 G .318 +(iltin belo).2 F 2.818(wu)-.25 G(nder)-2.818 E F1 .318(SHELL B)2.818 F (UIL)-.09 E .318(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0 .318 (for information on setting and)2.568 F(unsetting shell options.)108 -640.8 Q F2(HIST)72 657.6 Q(OR)-.197 E 2.738(YE)-.383 G(XP)-2.738 E -(ANSION)-.81 E F0 .61(The shell supports a history e)108 669.6 R .611 -(xpansion feature that is similar to the history e)-.15 F .611 -(xpansion in)-.15 F F3(csh)3.111 E F0 5.611(.T)C .611(his section)-5.611 -F .871(describes what syntax features are a)108 681.6 R -.25(va)-.2 G -3.371(ilable. This).25 F .871(feature is enabled by def)3.371 F .87 -(ault for interacti)-.1 F 1.17 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .87(hells, and).15 F -.949(can be disabled using the)108 693.6 R F3(+H)3.449 E F0 .949 -(option to the)3.449 F F3(set)3.449 E F0 -.2(bu)3.449 G .949 -(iltin command \(see).2 F F5 .949(SHELL B)3.449 F(UIL)-.09 E .95 -(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(be-)3.2 E(lo)108 705.6 Q 2.5 +237.6 Q/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)72 254.4 Q(OR)-.197 E 2.738(YE) +-.383 G(XP)-2.738 E(ANSION)-.81 E F0 .61(The shell supports a history e) +108 266.4 R .611(xpansion feature that is similar to the history e)-.15 +F .611(xpansion in)-.15 F F2(csh)3.111 E F0 5.611(.T)C .611(his section) +-5.611 F .871(describes what syntax features are a)108 278.4 R -.25(va) +-.2 G 3.371(ilable. This).25 F .871(feature is enabled by def)3.371 F +.87(ault for interacti)-.1 F 1.17 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .87(hells, and).15 F +.949(can be disabled using the)108 290.4 R F2(+H)3.449 E F0 .949 +(option to the)3.449 F F2(set)3.449 E F0 -.2(bu)3.449 G .949 +(iltin command \(see).2 F F1 .949(SHELL B)3.449 F(UIL)-.09 E .95 +(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(be-)3.2 E(lo)108 302.4 Q 2.5 (w\). Non-interacti)-.25 F .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H (hells do not perform history e).15 E(xpansion by def)-.15 E(ault.)-.1 E -1.306(History e)108 722.4 R 1.306(xpansions introduce w)-.15 F 1.306(or\ +1.306(History e)108 319.2 R 1.306(xpansions introduce w)-.15 F 1.306(or\ ds from the history list into the input stream, making it easy to repea\ -t)-.1 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 January 17)141.79 E(56)190.95 E 0 Cg -EP -%%Page: 57 57 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .209 -(commands, insert the ar)108 84 R .209(guments to a pre)-.18 F .21 +t)-.1 F .209(commands, insert the ar)108 331.2 R .209(guments to a pre) +-.18 F .21 (vious command into the current input line, or \214x errors in pre)-.25 -F(vious)-.25 E(commands quickly)108 96 Q(.)-.65 E 1.164(History e)108 -112.8 R 1.163(xpansion is performed immediately after a complete line i\ -s read, before the shell breaks it into)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 124.8 S .251 +F(vious)-.25 E(commands quickly)108 343.2 Q(.)-.65 E 1.164(History e)108 +360 R 1.163(xpansion is performed immediately after a complete line is \ +read, before the shell breaks it into)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 372 S .251 (rds, and is performed on each line indi).1 F .251 (vidually without taking quoting on pre)-.25 F .252 -(vious lines into account.)-.25 F(It)5.252 E(tak)108 136.8 Q .146 +(vious lines into account.)-.25 F(It)5.252 E(tak)108 384 Q .146 (es place in tw)-.1 F 2.646(op)-.1 G 2.646(arts. The)-2.646 F .146(\214\ rst is to determine which line from the history list to use during subs\ titution.)2.646 F .766(The second is to select portions of that line fo\ -r inclusion into the current one.)108 148.8 R .767 -(The line selected from the)5.767 F .254(history is the)108 160.8 R/F1 -10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.15(ev)2.754 G(ent).15 E F0 2.753(,a)C .253 -(nd the portions of that line that are acted upon are)-2.753 F F1(wor) -2.753 E(ds)-.37 E F0 5.253(.V)C(arious)-6.363 E F1(modi\214er)2.753 E(s) +r inclusion into the current one.)108 396 R .767 +(The line selected from the)5.767 F .254(history is the)108 408 R/F4 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF -.15(ev)2.754 G(ent).15 E F0 2.753(,a)C .253 +(nd the portions of that line that are acted upon are)-2.753 F F4(wor) +2.753 E(ds)-.37 E F0 5.253(.V)C(arious)-6.363 E F4(modi\214er)2.753 E(s) -.1 E F0 .253(are a)2.753 F -.25(va)-.2 G(il-).25 E .538 -(able to manipulate the selected w)108 172.8 R 3.038(ords. The)-.1 F -.538(line is brok)3.038 F .538(en into w)-.1 F .539(ords in the same f) --.1 F .539(ashion as when reading)-.1 F .573(input, so that se)108 184.8 -R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ral).15 E F1(metac)3.073 E(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E F0 -.572(-separated w)B .572(ords surrounded by quotes are considered one w) --.1 F 3.072(ord. His-)-.1 F .355(tory e)108 196.8 R .355 +(able to manipulate the selected w)108 420 R 3.038(ords. The)-.1 F .538 +(line is brok)3.038 F .538(en into w)-.1 F .539(ords in the same f)-.1 F +.539(ashion as when reading)-.1 F .573(input, so that se)108 432 R -.15 +(ve)-.25 G(ral).15 E F4(metac)3.073 E(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E F0 .572 +(-separated w)B .572(ords surrounded by quotes are considered one w)-.1 +F 3.072(ord. His-)-.1 F .355(tory e)108 444 R .355 (xpansions are introduced by the appearance of the history e)-.15 F .355 -(xpansion character)-.15 F 2.855(,w)-.4 G .356(hich is)-2.855 F/F2 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(!)3.689 E F0 .356(by def)3.689 F(ault.)-.1 E .791 -(Only backslash \()108 208.8 R F2(\\).833 E F0 3.291(\)a).833 G .79 +(xpansion character)-.15 F 2.855(,w)-.4 G .356(hich is)-2.855 F F2(!) +3.689 E F0 .356(by def)3.689 F(ault.)-.1 E .791(Only backslash \()108 +456 R F2(\\).833 E F0 3.291(\)a).833 G .79 (nd single quotes can quote the history e)-3.291 F .79 (xpansion character)-.15 F 3.29(,b)-.4 G .79(ut the history e)-3.49 F (xpansion)-.15 E .789(character is also treated as quoted if it immedia\ -tely precedes the closing double quote in a double-quoted)108 220.8 R -(string.)108 232.8 Q(Se)108 249.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .03 +tely precedes the closing double quote in a double-quoted)108 468 R +(string.)108 480 Q(Se)108 496.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .03 (ral characters inhibit history e).15 F .03 (xpansion if found immediately follo)-.15 F .03(wing the history e)-.25 -F .03(xpansion character)-.15 F(,)-.4 E -2.15 -.25(ev e)108 261.6 T +F .03(xpansion character)-.15 F(,)-.4 E -2.15 -.25(ev e)108 508.8 T 3.162(ni).25 G 3.162(fi)-3.162 G 3.162(ti)-3.162 G 3.162(su)-3.162 G .662(nquoted: space, tab, ne)-3.162 F .662(wline, carriage return, and) -.25 F F2(=)3.162 E F0 5.662(.I)C 3.162(ft)-5.662 G(he)-3.162 E F2 (extglob)3.162 E F0 .662(shell option is enabled,)3.162 F F2(\()3.163 E -F0(will also inhibit e)108 273.6 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E(Se)108 290.4 Q -.15 +F0(will also inhibit e)108 520.8 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E(Se)108 537.6 Q -.15 (ve)-.25 G .11(ral shell options settable with the).15 F F2(shopt)2.61 E F0 -.2(bu)2.61 G .109(iltin may be used to tailor the beha).2 F .109 -(vior of history e)-.2 F(xpansion.)-.15 E .231(If the)108 302.4 R F2 +(vior of history e)-.2 F(xpansion.)-.15 E .231(If the)108 549.6 R F2 (histv)2.731 E(erify)-.1 E F0 .231 (shell option is enabled \(see the description of the)2.731 F F2(shopt) 2.731 E F0 -.2(bu)2.731 G .231(iltin belo).2 F .231(w\), and)-.25 F F2 -.18(re)2.731 G(adline).18 E F0 .232(is be-)2.732 F .449(ing used, hist\ ory substitutions are not immediately passed to the shell parser)108 -314.4 R 5.449(.I)-.55 G .448(nstead, the e)-5.449 F .448 -(xpanded line is)-.15 F 2.228(reloaded into the)108 326.4 R F2 -.18(re) +561.6 R 5.449(.I)-.55 G .448(nstead, the e)-5.449 F .448 +(xpanded line is)-.15 F 2.228(reloaded into the)108 573.6 R F2 -.18(re) 4.728 G(adline).18 E F0 2.228(editing b)4.728 F(uf)-.2 E 2.228 (fer for further modi\214cation.)-.25 F(If)7.228 E F2 -.18(re)4.728 G -(adline).18 E F0 2.228(is being used, and the)4.728 F F2(histr)108 338.4 +(adline).18 E F0 2.228(is being used, and the)4.728 F F2(histr)108 585.6 Q(eedit)-.18 E F0 1.202(shell option is enabled, a f)3.702 F 1.202 (ailed history substitution will be reloaded into the)-.1 F F2 -.18(re) -3.702 G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.702 E -.2(bu)108 350.4 S -.25(ff).2 G +3.702 G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.702 E -.2(bu)108 597.6 S -.25(ff).2 G .303(er for correction.).25 F(The)5.303 E F22.803 E F0 .303 (option to the)2.803 F F2(history)2.804 E F0 -.2(bu)2.804 G .304 (iltin command may be used to see what a history e).2 F(x-)-.15 E .52 -(pansion will do before using it.)108 362.4 R(The)5.52 E F23.02 E +(pansion will do before using it.)108 609.6 R(The)5.52 E F23.02 E F0 .52(option to the)3.02 F F2(history)3.02 E F0 -.2(bu)3.02 G .52 (iltin may be used to add commands to the).2 F -(end of the history list without actually e)108 374.4 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G +(end of the history list without actually e)108 621.6 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G (cuting them, so that the).15 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re a)-2.5 E -.25(va)-.2 G -(ilable for subsequent recall.).25 E 1.108(The shell allo)108 391.2 R +(ilable for subsequent recall.).25 E 1.108(The shell allo)108 638.4 R 1.108(ws control of the v)-.25 F 1.108 (arious characters used by the history e)-.25 F 1.108 -(xpansion mechanism \(see the de-)-.15 F .163(scription of)108 403.2 R +(xpansion mechanism \(see the de-)-.15 F .163(scription of)108 650.4 R F2(histchars)2.663 E F0(abo)2.663 E .463 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2 .163(Shell V)2.663 F(ariables)-.92 E F0 2.663(\). The)B .162 (shell uses the history comment character to mark)2.663 F -(history timestamps when writing the history \214le.)108 415.2 Q F2(Ev) -87 432 Q(ent Designators)-.1 E F0 .204(An e)108 444 R -.15(ve)-.25 G +(history timestamps when writing the history \214le.)108 662.4 Q F2(Ev) +87 679.2 Q(ent Designators)-.1 E F0 .204(An e)108 691.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .204(nt designator is a reference to a command line entry in the histor\ -y list.).15 F .205(Unless the reference is abso-)5.204 F(lute, e)108 456 -Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(nts are relati).15 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.5(ot).15 G -(he current position in the history list.)-2.5 E F2(!)108 472.8 Q F0 -1.608(Start a history substitution, e)144 472.8 R 1.608 -(xcept when follo)-.15 F 1.607(wed by a)-.25 F F2(blank)4.107 E F0 4.107 -(,n)C -.25(ew)-4.107 G 1.607(line, carriage return, = or \().25 F -(\(when the)144 484.8 Q F2(extglob)2.5 E F0 -(shell option is enabled using the)2.5 E F2(shopt)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G -(iltin\).).2 E F2(!)108 496.8 Q F1(n)A F0(Refer to command line)144 -496.8 Q F1(n)2.86 E F0(.).24 E F2<21ad>108 508.8 Q F1(n)A F0 -(Refer to the current command minus)144 508.8 Q F1(n)2.86 E F0(.).24 E -F2(!!)108 520.8 Q F0(Refer to the pre)144 520.8 Q(vious command.)-.25 E -(This is a synon)5 E(ym for `!\2551'.)-.15 E F2(!)108 532.8 Q F1(string) -A F0 .865(Refer to the most recent command preceding the current positi\ -on in the history list starting with)144 532.8 R F1(string)144.34 544.8 -Q F0(.).22 E F2(!?)108 556.8 Q F1(string)A F2([?])A F0 1.503(Refer to t\ -he most recent command preceding the current position in the history li\ -st containing)144 568.8 R F1(string)144.34 580.8 Q F0 5.496(.T).22 G -.496(he trailing)-5.496 F F2(?)2.996 E F0 .496(may be omitted if)2.996 F -F1(string)3.336 E F0 .497(is follo)3.216 F .497(wed immediately by a ne) --.25 F 2.997(wline. If)-.25 F F1(string)2.997 E F0(is)2.997 E .391(miss\ -ing, the string from the most recent search is used; it is an error if \ -there is no pre)144 592.8 R .39(vious search)-.25 F(string.)144 604.8 Q -/F3 12/Times-Bold@0 SF(^)108 621.8 Q F1(string1)-5 I F3(^)5 I F1 -(string2)-5 I F3(^)5 I F0 .752(Quick substitution.)144 628.8 R .752 -(Repeat the pre)5.752 F .753(vious command, replacing)-.25 F F1(string1) -3.593 E F0(with)3.253 E F1(string2)3.593 E F0 5.753(.E).02 G(qui)-5.753 -E -.25(va)-.25 G .753(lent to).25 F -.74(``)144 640.8 S(!!:s).74 E/F4 12 -/Times-Roman@0 SF(^)5 I F1(string1)-5 I F4(^)5 I F1(string2)-5 I F4(^)5 -I F0 1.48 -.74('' \()-5 L(see).74 E F2(Modi\214ers)2.5 E F0(belo)2.5 E -(w\).)-.25 E F2(!#)108 652.8 Q F0(The entire command line typed so f)144 -652.8 Q(ar)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F2 -.75(Wo)87 669.6 S(rd Designators).75 E F0 --.8(Wo)108 681.6 S 1.314(rd designators are used to select desired w).8 -F 1.314(ords from the e)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.814(nt. A).15 F F2(:) -3.814 E F0 1.313(separates the e)3.813 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.313 -(nt speci\214cation).15 F .529(from the w)108 693.6 R .529 -(ord designator)-.1 F 5.529(.I)-.55 G 3.029(tm)-5.529 G .529 -(ay be omitted if the w)-3.029 F .529(ord designator be)-.1 F .529 -(gins with a)-.15 F F2(^)3.029 E F0(,)A F2($)3.029 E F0(,)A F2(*)3.029 E -F0(,)A F23.029 E F0 3.029(,o)C(r)-3.029 E F2(%)3.029 E F0 5.53(.W)C -(ords)-6.33 E .516(are numbered from the be)108 705.6 R .516 -(ginning of the line, with the \214rst w)-.15 F .516 -(ord being denoted by 0 \(zero\).)-.1 F -.8(Wo)5.515 G .515(rds are in-) -.8 F(serted into the current line separated by single spaces.)108 717.6 -Q(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 January 17)141.79 E(57)190.95 E 0 Cg EP +y list.).15 F .205(Unless the reference is abso-)5.204 F(lute, e)108 +703.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(nts are relati).15 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.5(ot) +.15 G(he current position in the history list.)-2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 +768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(57)188.45 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 58 58 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF 2.5(0\()108 84 S(zer)-2.5 E(o\))-.18 E F0(The zeroth w)144 96 Q 2.5 -(ord. F)-.1 F(or the shell, this is the command w)-.15 E(ord.)-.1 E/F2 -10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)108.36 108 Q F0(The)144 108 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(th w) -A(ord.)-.1 E F1(^)108 120 Q F0(The \214rst ar)144 120 Q 2.5 -(gument. That)-.18 F(is, w)2.5 E(ord 1.)-.1 E F1($)108 132 Q F0 .063 -(The last w)144 132 R 2.563(ord. This)-.1 F .063(is usually the last ar) -2.563 F .064(gument, b)-.18 F .064(ut will e)-.2 F .064 -(xpand to the zeroth w)-.15 F .064(ord if there is only)-.1 F(one w)144 -144 Q(ord in the line.)-.1 E F1(%)108 156 Q F0 1.42(The \214rst w)144 -156 R 1.42(ord matched by the most recent `?)-.1 F F2(string)A F0 1.419 +SF(!)108 84 Q F0 1.608(Start a history substitution, e)144 84 R 1.608 +(xcept when follo)-.15 F 1.607(wed by a)-.25 F F1(blank)4.107 E F0 4.107 +(,n)C -.25(ew)-4.107 G 1.607(line, carriage return, = or \().25 F +(\(when the)144 96 Q F1(extglob)2.5 E F0 +(shell option is enabled using the)2.5 E F1(shopt)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G +(iltin\).).2 E F1(!)108 108 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0 +(Refer to command line)144 108 Q F2(n)2.86 E F0(.).24 E F1<21ad>108 120 +Q F2(n)A F0(Refer to the current command minus)144 120 Q F2(n)2.86 E F0 +(.).24 E F1(!!)108 132 Q F0(Refer to the pre)144 132 Q(vious command.) +-.25 E(This is a synon)5 E(ym for `!\2551'.)-.15 E F1(!)108 144 Q F2 +(string)A F0 .865(Refer to the most recent command preceding the curren\ +t position in the history list starting with)144 144 R F2(string)144.34 +156 Q F0(.).22 E F1(!?)108 168 Q F2(string)A F1([?])A F0 1.503(Refer to\ + the most recent command preceding the current position in the history \ +list containing)144 180 R F2(string)144.34 192 Q F0 5.496(.T).22 G .496 +(he trailing)-5.496 F F1(?)2.996 E F0 .496(may be omitted if)2.996 F F2 +(string)3.336 E F0 .497(is follo)3.216 F .497(wed immediately by a ne) +-.25 F 2.997(wline. If)-.25 F F2(string)2.997 E F0(is)2.997 E .391(miss\ +ing, the string from the most recent search is used; it is an error if \ +there is no pre)144 204 R .39(vious search)-.25 F(string.)144 216 Q/F3 +12/Times-Bold@0 SF(^)108 233 Q F2(string1)-5 I F3(^)5 I F2(string2)-5 I +F3(^)5 I F0 .752(Quick substitution.)144 240 R .752(Repeat the pre)5.752 +F .753(vious command, replacing)-.25 F F2(string1)3.593 E F0(with)3.253 +E F2(string2)3.593 E F0 5.753(.E).02 G(qui)-5.753 E -.25(va)-.25 G .753 +(lent to).25 F -.74(``)144 252 S(!!:s).74 E/F4 12/Times-Roman@0 SF(^)5 I +F2(string1)-5 I F4(^)5 I F2(string2)-5 I F4(^)5 I F0 1.48 -.74('' \()-5 +L(see).74 E F1(Modi\214ers)2.5 E F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(!#)108 264 +Q F0(The entire command line typed so f)144 264 Q(ar)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F1 +-.75(Wo)87 280.8 S(rd Designators).75 E F0 -.8(Wo)108 292.8 S 1.314 +(rd designators are used to select desired w).8 F 1.314(ords from the e) +-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.814(nt. A).15 F F1(:)3.814 E F0 1.313 +(separates the e)3.813 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.313(nt speci\214cation).15 F +.529(from the w)108 304.8 R .529(ord designator)-.1 F 5.529(.I)-.55 G +3.029(tm)-5.529 G .529(ay be omitted if the w)-3.029 F .529 +(ord designator be)-.1 F .529(gins with a)-.15 F F1(^)3.029 E F0(,)A F1 +($)3.029 E F0(,)A F1(*)3.029 E F0(,)A F13.029 E F0 3.029(,o)C(r) +-3.029 E F1(%)3.029 E F0 5.53(.W)C(ords)-6.33 E .516 +(are numbered from the be)108 316.8 R .516 +(ginning of the line, with the \214rst w)-.15 F .516 +(ord being denoted by 0 \(zero\).)-.1 F -.8(Wo)5.515 G .515(rds are in-) +.8 F(serted into the current line separated by single spaces.)108 328.8 +Q F1 2.5(0\()108 345.6 S(zer)-2.5 E(o\))-.18 E F0(The zeroth w)144 357.6 +Q 2.5(ord. F)-.1 F(or the shell, this is the command w)-.15 E(ord.)-.1 E +F2(n)108.36 369.6 Q F0(The)144 369.6 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(th w)A(ord.)-.1 E +F1(^)108 381.6 Q F0(The \214rst ar)144 381.6 Q 2.5(gument. That)-.18 F +(is, w)2.5 E(ord 1.)-.1 E F1($)108 393.6 Q F0 .063(The last w)144 393.6 +R 2.563(ord. This)-.1 F .063(is usually the last ar)2.563 F .064 +(gument, b)-.18 F .064(ut will e)-.2 F .064(xpand to the zeroth w)-.15 F +.064(ord if there is only)-.1 F(one w)144 405.6 Q(ord in the line.)-.1 E +F1(%)108 417.6 Q F0 1.42(The \214rst w)144 417.6 R 1.42 +(ord matched by the most recent `?)-.1 F F2(string)A F0 1.419 (?' search, if the search string be)B 1.419(gins with a)-.15 F -(character that is part of a w)144 168 Q(ord.)-.1 E F2(x)108.77 180 Q F1 -A F2(y)A F0 2.5(Ar)144 180 S(ange of w)-2.5 E(ords; `\255)-.1 E F2 -(y)A F0 2.5('a)C(bbre)-2.5 E(viates `0\255)-.25 E F2(y)A F0('.)A F1(*) -108 192 Q F0 .315(All of the w)144 192 R .315(ords b)-.1 F .315 +(character that is part of a w)144 429.6 Q(ord.)-.1 E F2(x)108.77 441.6 +Q F1A F2(y)A F0 2.5(Ar)144 441.6 S(ange of w)-2.5 E(ords; `\255)-.1 +E F2(y)A F0 2.5('a)C(bbre)-2.5 E(viates `0\255)-.25 E F2(y)A F0('.)A F1 +(*)108 453.6 Q F0 .315(All of the w)144 453.6 R .315(ords b)-.1 F .315 (ut the zeroth.)-.2 F .315(This is a synon)5.315 F .315(ym for `)-.15 F F2(1\255$)A F0 2.815('. It)B .315(is not an error to use)2.815 F F1(*) -2.816 E F0 .316(if there is)2.816 F(just one w)144 204 Q(ord in the e) +2.816 E F0 .316(if there is)2.816 F(just one w)144 465.6 Q(ord in the e) -.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt; the empty string is returned in that case.).15 -E F1(x*)108 216 Q F0(Abbre)144 216 Q(viates)-.25 E F2(x\255$)2.5 E F0(.) -A F1<78ad>108 228 Q F0(Abbre)144 228 Q(viates)-.25 E F2(x\255$)2.5 E F0 -(lik)2.5 E(e)-.1 E F1(x*)2.5 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut omits the last w)-2.7 E -2.5(ord. If)-.1 F F1(x)2.5 E F0(is missing, it def)2.5 E(aults to 0.)-.1 -E(If a w)108 244.8 Q(ord designator is supplied without an e)-.1 E -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(nt speci\214cation, the pre).15 E -(vious command is used as the e)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt.).15 E F1 -(Modi\214ers)87 261.6 Q F0 .184(After the optional w)108 273.6 R .184 -(ord designator)-.1 F 2.684(,t)-.4 G .183 -(here may appear a sequence of one or more of the follo)-2.684 F .183 -(wing modi\214ers,)-.25 F(each preceded by a `:'.)108 285.6 Q +E F1(x*)108 477.6 Q F0(Abbre)144 477.6 Q(viates)-.25 E F2(x\255$)2.5 E +F0(.)A F1<78ad>108 489.6 Q F0(Abbre)144 489.6 Q(viates)-.25 E F2(x\255$) +2.5 E F0(lik)2.5 E(e)-.1 E F1(x*)2.5 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut omits the last w) +-2.7 E 2.5(ord. If)-.1 F F1(x)2.5 E F0(is missing, it def)2.5 E +(aults to 0.)-.1 E(If a w)108 506.4 Q +(ord designator is supplied without an e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G +(nt speci\214cation, the pre).15 E(vious command is used as the e)-.25 E +-.15(ve)-.25 G(nt.).15 E F1(Modi\214ers)87 523.2 Q F0 .184 +(After the optional w)108 535.2 R .184(ord designator)-.1 F 2.684(,t)-.4 +G .183(here may appear a sequence of one or more of the follo)-2.684 F +.183(wing modi\214ers,)-.25 F(each preceded by a `:'.)108 547.2 Q (These modify)5 E 2.5(,o)-.65 G 2.5(re)-2.5 G(dit, the w)-2.5 E (ord or w)-.1 E(ords selected from the history e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -(nt.).15 E F1(h)108 302.4 Q F0(Remo)144 302.4 Q .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H +(nt.).15 E F1(h)108 564 Q F0(Remo)144 564 Q .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H (railing \214lename component, lea).15 E(ving only the head.)-.2 E F1(t) -108 314.4 Q F0(Remo)144 314.4 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.15 H +108 576 Q F0(Remo)144 576 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.15 H (ll leading \214lename components, lea).15 E(ving the tail.)-.2 E F1(r) -108 326.4 Q F0(Remo)144 326.4 Q .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H(railing suf).15 E +108 588 Q F0(Remo)144 588 Q .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H(railing suf).15 E (\214x of the form)-.25 E F2(.xxx)2.5 E F0 2.5(,l)C(ea)-2.5 E -(ving the basename.)-.2 E F1(e)108 338.4 Q F0(Remo)144 338.4 Q .3 -.15 -(ve a)-.15 H(ll b).15 E(ut the trailing suf)-.2 E(\214x.)-.25 E F1(p)108 -350.4 Q F0(Print the ne)144 350.4 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(ommand b)-2.5 E -(ut do not e)-.2 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cute it.).15 E F1(q)108 362.4 Q F0 -(Quote the substituted w)144 362.4 Q -(ords, escaping further substitutions.)-.1 E F1(x)108 374.4 Q F0 .385 -(Quote the substituted w)144 374.4 R .385(ords as with)-.1 F F1(q)2.885 -E F0 2.885(,b)C .386(ut break into w)-3.085 F .386(ords at)-.1 F F1 +(ving the basename.)-.2 E F1(e)108 600 Q F0(Remo)144 600 Q .3 -.15(ve a) +-.15 H(ll b).15 E(ut the trailing suf)-.2 E(\214x.)-.25 E F1(p)108 612 Q +F0(Print the ne)144 612 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(ommand b)-2.5 E(ut do not e)-.2 +E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cute it.).15 E F1(q)108 624 Q F0 +(Quote the substituted w)144 624 Q +(ords, escaping further substitutions.)-.1 E F1(x)108 636 Q F0 .385 +(Quote the substituted w)144 636 R .385(ords as with)-.1 F F1(q)2.885 E +F0 2.885(,b)C .386(ut break into w)-3.085 F .386(ords at)-.1 F F1 (blanks)2.886 E F0 .386(and ne)2.886 F 2.886(wlines. The)-.25 F F1(q) 2.886 E F0(and)2.886 E F1(x)2.886 E F0(modi\214ers are mutually e)144 -386.4 Q(xclusi)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(;t).15 G -(he last one supplied is used.)-2.5 E F1(s/)108 398.4 Q F2(old)A F1(/)A -F2(ne)A(w)-.15 E F1(/)A F0(Substitute)144 410.4 Q F2(ne)3.329 E(w)-.15 E -F0 .469(for the \214rst occurrence of)3.279 F F2(old)3.199 E F0 .469 +648 Q(xclusi)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(;t).15 G +(he last one supplied is used.)-2.5 E F1(s/)108 660 Q F2(old)A F1(/)A F2 +(ne)A(w)-.15 E F1(/)A F0(Substitute)144 672 Q F2(ne)3.329 E(w)-.15 E F0 +.469(for the \214rst occurrence of)3.279 F F2(old)3.199 E F0 .469 (in the e)3.739 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .469(nt line.).15 F(An)5.469 E 2.969 (yc)-.15 G .469(haracter may be used as the)-2.969 F .953 -(delimiter in place of /.)144 422.4 R .953 +(delimiter in place of /.)144 684 R .953 (The \214nal delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the e) 5.953 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .954(nt line.).15 F .131 -(The delimiter may be quoted in)144 434.4 R F2(old)2.861 E F0(and)3.401 -E F2(ne)2.991 E(w)-.15 E F0 .131(with a single backslash.)2.941 F .131 +(The delimiter may be quoted in)144 696 R F2(old)2.861 E F0(and)3.401 E +F2(ne)2.991 E(w)-.15 E F0 .131(with a single backslash.)2.941 F .131 (If & appears in)5.131 F F2(ne)2.991 E(w)-.15 E F0 2.631(,i).31 G 2.631 -(ti)-2.631 G 2.631(sr)-2.631 G(e-)-2.631 E .619(placed by)144 446.4 R F2 +(ti)-2.631 G 2.631(sr)-2.631 G(e-)-2.631 E .619(placed by)144 708 R F2 (old)3.349 E F0 5.619(.A).77 G .619(single backslash will quote the &.) -2.5 F(If)5.619 E F2(old)3.349 E F0 .619(is null, it is set to the last) -3.889 F F2(old)3.349 E F0(substi-)3.89 E .487(tuted, or)144 458.4 R -2.987(,i)-.4 G 2.987(fn)-2.987 G 2.987(op)-2.987 G(re)-2.987 E .486 +3.889 F F2(old)3.349 E F0(substi-)3.89 E .487(tuted, or)144 720 R 2.987 +(,i)-.4 G 2.987(fn)-2.987 G 2.987(op)-2.987 G(re)-2.987 E .486 (vious history substitutions took place, the last)-.25 F F2(string)3.326 E F0 .486(in a)3.206 F F1(!?)2.986 E F2(string)A F1([?])A F0 2.986 -(search. If)5.486 F F2(ne)144.36 470.4 Q(w)-.15 E F0 -(is null, each matching)2.81 E F2(old)2.73 E F0(is deleted.)3.27 E F1(&) -108 482.4 Q F0(Repeat the pre)144 482.4 Q(vious substitution.)-.25 E F1 -(g)108 494.4 Q F0 .397(Cause changes to be applied o)144 494.4 R -.15 -(ve)-.15 G 2.897(rt).15 G .398(he entire e)-2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .398 -(nt line.).15 F .398(This is used in conjunction with `)5.398 F F1(:s)A -F0 2.898('\()C(e.g.,)-2.898 E(`)144 506.4 Q F1(:gs/)A F2(old)A F1(/)A F2 -(ne)A(w)-.15 E F1(/)A F0 .351('\) or `)B F1(:&)A F0 2.851('. If)B .351 -(used with `)2.851 F F1(:s)A F0 .351(', an)B 2.851(yd)-.15 G .35 +(search. If)5.486 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(58) +188.45 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 59 59 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(ne)144.36 84 Q(w)-.15 E F0(is null, each matching) +2.81 E F1(old)2.73 E F0(is deleted.)3.27 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(&)108 +96 Q F0(Repeat the pre)144 96 Q(vious substitution.)-.25 E F2(g)108 108 +Q F0 .397(Cause changes to be applied o)144 108 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.897 +(rt).15 G .398(he entire e)-2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .398(nt line.).15 F +.398(This is used in conjunction with `)5.398 F F2(:s)A F0 2.898('\()C +(e.g.,)-2.898 E(`)144 120 Q F2(:gs/)A F1(old)A F2(/)A F1(ne)A(w)-.15 E +F2(/)A F0 .351('\) or `)B F2(:&)A F0 2.851('. If)B .351(used with `) +2.851 F F2(:s)A F0 .351(', an)B 2.851(yd)-.15 G .35 (elimiter can be used in place of /, and the \214nal de-)-2.851 F -(limiter is optional if it is the last character of the e)144 518.4 Q --.15(ve)-.25 G(nt line.).15 E(An)5 E F1(a)2.5 E F0 -(may be used as a synon)2.5 E(ym for)-.15 E F1(g)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(G)108 -530.4 Q F0(Apply the follo)144 530.4 Q(wing `)-.25 E F1(s)A F0 2.5('o)C -2.5(r`)-2.5 G F1(&)-2.5 E F0 2.5('m)C(odi\214er once to each w)-2.5 E -(ord in the e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt line.).15 E/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 -SF(SHELL B)72 547.2 Q(UIL)-.11 E(TIN COMMANDS)-1.007 E F0 .062 -(Unless otherwise noted, each b)108 559.2 R .062(uiltin command documen\ -ted in this section as accepting options preceded by)-.2 F F1108 -571.2 Q F0(accepts)3.077 E F13.077 E F0 .577 -(to signify the end of the options.)3.077 F(The)5.577 E F1(:)3.077 E F0 -(,)A F1(true)3.077 E F0(,)A F1(false)3.077 E F0 3.077(,a)C(nd)-3.077 E -F1(test)3.077 E F0(/)A F1([)A F0 -.2(bu)3.077 G .577 -(iltins do not accept options).2 F .461(and do not treat)108 583.2 R F1 -2.961 E F0(specially)2.961 E 5.461(.T)-.65 G(he)-5.461 E F1(exit) -2.961 E F0(,)A F1(logout)2.961 E F0(,)A F1 -.18(re)2.961 G(tur).18 E(n) --.15 E F0(,)A F1(br)2.961 E(eak)-.18 E F0(,)A F1(continue)2.961 E F0(,)A -F1(let)2.961 E F0 2.961(,a)C(nd)-2.961 E F1(shift)2.961 E F0 -.2(bu) -2.962 G .462(iltins accept and).2 F .261(process ar)108 595.2 R .261 -(guments be)-.18 F .261(ginning with)-.15 F F12.761 E F0 .261 -(without requiring)2.761 F F12.761 E F0 5.261(.O)C .261(ther b) +(limiter is optional if it is the last character of the e)144 132 Q -.15 +(ve)-.25 G(nt line.).15 E(An)5 E F2(a)2.5 E F0(may be used as a synon) +2.5 E(ym for)-.15 E F2(g)2.5 E F0(.)A F2(G)108 144 Q F0(Apply the follo) +144 144 Q(wing `)-.25 E F2(s)A F0 2.5('o)C 2.5(r`)-2.5 G F2(&)-2.5 E F0 +2.5('m)C(odi\214er once to each w)-2.5 E(ord in the e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 +G(nt line.).15 E/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)72 160.8 Q(UIL)-.11 E +(TIN COMMANDS)-1.007 E F0 .062(Unless otherwise noted, each b)108 172.8 +R .062(uiltin command documented in this section as accepting options p\ +receded by)-.2 F F2108 184.8 Q F0(accepts)3.077 E F23.077 E F0 +.577(to signify the end of the options.)3.077 F(The)5.577 E F2(:)3.077 E +F0(,)A F2(true)3.077 E F0(,)A F2(false)3.077 E F0 3.077(,a)C(nd)-3.077 E +F2(test)3.077 E F0(/)A F2([)A F0 -.2(bu)3.077 G .577 +(iltins do not accept options).2 F .461(and do not treat)108 196.8 R F2 +2.961 E F0(specially)2.961 E 5.461(.T)-.65 G(he)-5.461 E F2(exit) +2.961 E F0(,)A F2(logout)2.961 E F0(,)A F2 -.18(re)2.961 G(tur).18 E(n) +-.15 E F0(,)A F2(br)2.961 E(eak)-.18 E F0(,)A F2(continue)2.961 E F0(,)A +F2(let)2.961 E F0 2.961(,a)C(nd)-2.961 E F2(shift)2.961 E F0 -.2(bu) +2.962 G .462(iltins accept and).2 F .261(process ar)108 208.8 R .261 +(guments be)-.18 F .261(ginning with)-.15 F F22.761 E F0 .261 +(without requiring)2.761 F F22.761 E F0 5.261(.O)C .261(ther b) -5.261 F .26(uiltins that accept ar)-.2 F .26(guments b)-.18 F .26 (ut are not)-.2 F 1.154(speci\214ed as accepting options interpret ar) -108 607.2 R 1.154(guments be)-.18 F 1.154(ginning with)-.15 F F1 +108 220.8 R 1.154(guments be)-.18 F 1.154(ginning with)-.15 F F2 3.654 E F0 1.154(as in)3.654 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.154 -(lid options and require).25 F F13.654 E F0(to)3.654 E(pre)108 -619.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt this interpretation.).15 E F1(:)108 637.2 Q F0 -([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .452(No ef)144 649.2 R .452 +(lid options and require).25 F F23.654 E F0(to)3.654 E(pre)108 +232.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt this interpretation.).15 E F2(:)108 250.8 Q F0 +([)2.5 E F1(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .452(No ef)144 262.8 R .452 (fect; the command does nothing be)-.25 F .452(yond e)-.15 F(xpanding) --.15 E F2(ar)3.282 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .451(and performing an)3.221 F -2.951(ys)-.15 G(peci\214ed)-2.951 E 2.5(redirections. The)144 661.2 R -(return status is zero.)2.5 E F1(.)110.5 678 Q F2(\214lename)6.666 E F0 -([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A F1(sour)108 690 Q(ce)-.18 E F2 -(\214lename)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A 1.02 -(Read and e)144 702 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.02(cute commands from).15 F F2 +-.15 E F1(ar)3.282 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .451(and performing an)3.221 F +2.951(ys)-.15 G(peci\214ed)-2.951 E 2.5(redirections. The)144 274.8 R +(return status is zero.)2.5 E F2(.)110.5 291.6 Q F1(\214lename)6.666 E +F0([)2.5 E F1(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A F2(sour)108 303.6 Q(ce)-.18 E +F1(\214lename)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A 1.02 +(Read and e)144 315.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.02(cute commands from).15 F F1 (\214lename)5.43 E F0 1.02(in the current shell en)3.7 F 1.02 (vironment and return the e)-.4 F(xit)-.15 E 1.331 -(status of the last command e)144 714 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.331(cuted from) -.15 F F2(\214lename)5.741 E F0 6.331(.I).18 G(f)-6.331 E F2(\214lename) -5.741 E F0 1.33(does not contain a slash, \214le-)4.011 F .022(names in) -144 726 R/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)2.522 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .022 -(are used to \214nd the directory containing)2.272 F F2(\214lename)4.432 -E F0 2.522(,b).18 G(ut)-2.722 E F2(\214lename)2.522 E F0 .023 -(does not need to be)2.523 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 January 17) -141.79 E(58)190.95 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 59 59 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E -.15(exe)144 84 S -3.861(cutable. The).15 F 1.361(\214le searched for in)3.861 F/F1 9 -/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)3.861 G(TH)-.189 E F0 1.361(need not be e) -3.611 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.86(cutable. When).15 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -(bash)3.86 E F0 1.36(is not in)3.86 F/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(posix)3.86 -E(mode)144 96 Q F0 2.648(,t)C .148 -(he current directory is searched if no \214le is found in)-2.648 F F1 --.666(PA)2.648 G(TH)-.189 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .149(If the) +(status of the last command e)144 327.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.331 +(cuted from).15 F F1(\214lename)5.741 E F0 6.331(.I).18 G(f)-6.331 E F1 +(\214lename)5.741 E F0 1.33(does not contain a slash, \214le-)4.011 F +.022(names in)144 339.6 R/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)2.522 G(TH)-.189 +E F0 .022(are used to \214nd the directory containing)2.272 F F1 +(\214lename)4.432 E F0 2.522(,b).18 G(ut)-2.722 E F1(\214lename)2.522 E +F0 .023(does not need to be)2.523 F -.15(exe)144 351.6 S 3.861 +(cutable. The).15 F 1.361(\214le searched for in)3.861 F F4 -.666(PA) +3.861 G(TH)-.189 E F0 1.361(need not be e)3.611 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.86 +(cutable. When).15 F F2(bash)3.86 E F0 1.36(is not in)3.86 F F1(posix) +3.86 E(mode)144 363.6 Q F0 2.648(,t)C .148 +(he current directory is searched if no \214le is found in)-2.648 F F4 +-.666(PA)2.648 G(TH)-.189 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .149(If the) 4.648 F F2(sour)2.649 E(cepath)-.18 E F0 .149(option to the)2.649 F F2 -(shopt)144 108 Q F0 -.2(bu)3.66 G 1.16(iltin command is turned of).2 F -1.159(f, the)-.25 F F1 -.666(PA)3.659 G(TH)-.189 E F0 1.159 -(is not searched.)3.409 F 1.159(If an)6.159 F(y)-.15 E F3(ar)3.659 E -(guments)-.37 E F0 1.159(are supplied,)3.659 F(the)144 120 Q 3.691(yb) --.15 G 1.191(ecome the positional parameters when)-3.691 F F3 +(shopt)144 375.6 Q F0 -.2(bu)3.66 G 1.16(iltin command is turned of).2 F +1.159(f, the)-.25 F F4 -.666(PA)3.659 G(TH)-.189 E F0 1.159 +(is not searched.)3.409 F 1.159(If an)6.159 F(y)-.15 E F1(ar)3.659 E +(guments)-.37 E F0 1.159(are supplied,)3.659 F(the)144 387.6 Q 3.691(yb) +-.15 G 1.191(ecome the positional parameters when)-3.691 F F1 (\214lename)3.692 E F0 1.192(is e)3.692 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.692 (cuted. Otherwise).15 F 1.192(the positional pa-)3.692 F .82 -(rameters are unchanged.)144 132 R .82(If the)5.82 F F23.32 E F0 +(rameters are unchanged.)144 399.6 R .82(If the)5.82 F F23.32 E F0 .82(option is enabled,)3.32 F F2(.)3.32 E F0 .82(inherits an)3.32 F 3.32 (yt)-.15 G .82(rap on)-3.32 F F2(DEB)3.32 E(UG)-.1 E F0 3.32(;i)C 3.32 -(fi)-3.32 G 3.32(ti)-3.32 G 3.32(sn)-3.32 G(ot,)-3.32 E(an)144 144 Q(y) --.15 E F2(DEB)3.322 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .822(trap string is sa)3.322 F -.15 +(fi)-3.32 G 3.32(ti)-3.32 G 3.32(sn)-3.32 G(ot,)-3.32 E(an)144 411.6 Q +(y)-.15 E F2(DEB)3.322 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .822(trap string is sa)3.322 F -.15 (ve)-.2 G 3.322(da).15 G .822(nd restored around the call to)-3.322 F F2 (.)3.322 E F0 3.322(,a)C(nd)-3.322 E F2(.)3.322 E F0 .823(unsets the) -3.323 F F2(DEB)3.323 E(UG)-.1 E F0(trap)3.323 E .227(while it e)144 156 -R -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.727(cutes. If).15 F F22.727 E F0 .227 +3.323 F F2(DEB)3.323 E(UG)-.1 E F0(trap)3.323 E .227(while it e)144 +423.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.727(cutes. If).15 F F22.727 E F0 .227 (is not set, and the sourced \214le changes the)2.727 F F2(DEB)2.727 E (UG)-.1 E F0 .227(trap, the ne)2.727 F 2.726(wv)-.25 G .226(alue is) --2.976 F .89(retained when)144 168 R F2(.)3.39 E F0 3.39(completes. The) -3.39 F .891(return status is the status of the last command e)3.39 F -.891(xited within the)-.15 F(script \(0 if no commands are e)144 180 Q --.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted\), and f).15 E(alse if)-.1 E F3(\214lename)4.41 E -F0(is not found or cannot be read.)2.68 E F2(alias)108 196.8 Q F0([)2.5 -E F2A F0 2.5(][)C F3(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F3(value)A F0 2.5(].)C -(..])-2.5 E F2(Alias)144 208.8 Q F0 2.725(with no ar)5.225 F 2.724 +-2.976 F .89(retained when)144 435.6 R F2(.)3.39 E F0 3.39 +(completes. The)3.39 F .891 +(return status is the status of the last command e)3.39 F .891 +(xited within the)-.15 F(script \(0 if no commands are e)144 447.6 Q +-.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted\), and f).15 E(alse if)-.1 E F1(\214lename)4.41 E +F0(is not found or cannot be read.)2.68 E F2(alias)108 464.4 Q F0([)2.5 +E F2A F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F1(value)A F0 2.5(].)C +(..])-2.5 E F2(Alias)144 476.4 Q F0 2.725(with no ar)5.225 F 2.724 (guments or with the)-.18 F F25.224 E F0 2.724 (option prints the list of aliases in the form)5.224 F F2(alias)5.224 E -F3(name)144 220.8 Q F0(=)A F3(value)A F0 .58(on standard output.)3.08 F +F1(name)144 488.4 Q F0(=)A F1(value)A F0 .58(on standard output.)3.08 F .58(When ar)5.58 F .58 -(guments are supplied, an alias is de\214ned for each)-.18 F F3(name) -3.08 E F0(whose)144 232.8 Q F3(value)2.509 E F0 .009(is gi)2.509 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 2.509(n. A).15 F .009(trailing space in)2.509 F F3(value) +(guments are supplied, an alias is de\214ned for each)-.18 F F1(name) +3.08 E F0(whose)144 500.4 Q F1(value)2.509 E F0 .009(is gi)2.509 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G 2.509(n. A).15 F .009(trailing space in)2.509 F F1(value) 2.509 E F0 .009(causes the ne)2.509 F .009(xt w)-.15 F .009 (ord to be check)-.1 F .008(ed for alias substi-)-.1 F .579 -(tution when the alias is e)144 244.8 R 3.079(xpanded. F)-.15 F .579 -(or each)-.15 F F3(name)3.079 E F0 .579(in the ar)3.079 F .579 -(gument list for which no)-.18 F F3(value)3.079 E F0 .579(is sup-)3.079 -F 1.314(plied, the name and v)144 256.8 R 1.314 +(tution when the alias is e)144 512.4 R 3.079(xpanded. F)-.15 F .579 +(or each)-.15 F F1(name)3.079 E F0 .579(in the ar)3.079 F .579 +(gument list for which no)-.18 F F1(value)3.079 E F0 .579(is sup-)3.079 +F 1.314(plied, the name and v)144 524.4 R 1.314 (alue of the alias is printed.)-.25 F F2(Alias)6.314 E F0 1.314 -(returns true unless a)3.814 F F3(name)3.814 E F0 1.313(is gi)3.814 F +(returns true unless a)3.814 F F1(name)3.814 E F0 1.313(is gi)3.814 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.813(nf).15 G(or)-3.813 E -(which no alias has been de\214ned.)144 268.8 Q F2(bg)108 285.6 Q F0([) -2.5 E F3(jobspec)A F0(...])2.5 E .744(Resume each suspended job)144 -297.6 R F3(jobspec)3.244 E F0 .745 +(which no alias has been de\214ned.)144 536.4 Q F2(bg)108 553.2 Q F0([) +2.5 E F1(jobspec)A F0(...])2.5 E .744(Resume each suspended job)144 +565.2 R F1(jobspec)3.244 E F0 .745 (in the background, as if it had been started with)3.244 F F2(&)3.245 E -F0 5.745(.I)C(f)-5.745 E F3(job-)4.985 E(spec)144 309.6 Q F0 .672 +F0 5.745(.I)C(f)-5.745 E F1(job-)4.985 E(spec)144 577.2 Q F0 .672 (is not present, the shell')3.482 F 3.172(sn)-.55 G .672(otion of the) --3.172 F F3(curr)3.172 E .672(ent job)-.37 F F0 .672(is used.)3.172 F F2 -(bg)5.671 E F3(jobspec)4.911 E F0 .671(returns 0 unless run)3.481 F .418 -(when job control is disabled or)144 321.6 R 2.919(,w)-.4 G .419 +-3.172 F F1(curr)3.172 E .672(ent job)-.37 F F0 .672(is used.)3.172 F F2 +(bg)5.671 E F1(jobspec)4.911 E F0 .671(returns 0 unless run)3.481 F .418 +(when job control is disabled or)144 589.2 R 2.919(,w)-.4 G .419 (hen run with job control enabled, an)-2.919 F 2.919(ys)-.15 G -(peci\214ed)-2.919 E F3(jobspec)2.919 E F0 -.1(wa)2.919 G 2.919(sn).1 G -(ot)-2.919 E(found or w)144 333.6 Q(as started without job control.)-.1 -E F2(bind)108 350.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0 -2.5(][)C F2(\255lpsvPSVX)-2.5 E F0(])A F2(bind)108 362.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 -A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F2-2.5 E F3 -(function)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2-2.5 E F3(function)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C -F2-2.5 E F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(])A F2(bind)108 374.4 Q F0 -([)2.5 E F2A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F22.5 E F3 -(\214lename)2.5 E F2(bind)108 386.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 -G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F22.5 E F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F3 -(shell\255command)A F2(bind)108 398.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2A F3 -.1(ke) -2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F3 -(function\255name)A F2(bind)108 410.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2A F3 -.1(ke) -2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F3 -.37(re)C -(adline\255command).37 E F2(bind)108 422.4 Q F3 -.37(re)2.5 G -(adline-command-line).37 E F0 .239(Display current)144 434.4 R F2 -.18 -(re)2.739 G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(ke)2.739 G 2.739(ya)-.05 G .239 +(peci\214ed)-2.919 E F1(jobspec)2.919 E F0 -.1(wa)2.919 G 2.919(sn).1 G +(ot)-2.919 E(found or w)144 601.2 Q(as started without job control.)-.1 +E F2(bind)108 618 Q F0([)2.5 E F2A F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0 +2.5(][)C F2(\255lpsvPSVX)-2.5 E F0(])A F2(bind)108 630 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 +A F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F2-2.5 E F1 +(function)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2-2.5 E F1(function)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C +F2-2.5 E F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(])A F2(bind)108 642 Q F0([) +2.5 E F2A F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F22.5 E F1 +(\214lename)2.5 E F2(bind)108 654 Q F0([)2.5 E F2A F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G +(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F22.5 E F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F1 +(shell\255command)A F2(bind)108 666 Q F0([)2.5 E F2A F1 -.1(ke)2.5 +G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F1 +(function\255name)A F2(bind)108 678 Q F0([)2.5 E F2A F1 -.1(ke)2.5 +G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F1 -.37(re)C +(adline\255command).37 E F2(bind)108 690 Q F1 -.37(re)2.5 G +(adline-command-line).37 E F0 .239(Display current)144 702 R F2 -.18(re) +2.739 G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(ke)2.739 G 2.739(ya)-.05 G .239 (nd function bindings, bind a k)-2.739 F .539 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .238 (equence to a).15 F F2 -.18(re)2.738 G(adline).18 E F0 .238(function or) -2.738 F .039(macro, or set a)144 446.4 R F2 -.18(re)2.539 G(adline).18 E +2.738 F .039(macro, or set a)144 714 R F2 -.18(re)2.539 G(adline).18 E F0 -.25(va)2.539 G 2.539(riable. 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If).25 F 1.354 (there w)3.854 F 1.354(as no ar)-.1 F 1.354(gument, that v)-.18 F 1.354 (ariable is not set.)-.25 F 1.355(If the e)6.355 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted) -.15 E .344(command changes the v)180 192 R .344(alue of an)-.25 F 2.843 +.15 E .344(command changes the v)180 444 R .344(alue of an)-.25 F 2.843 (yo)-.15 G(f)-2.843 E F3(READLINE_LINE)2.843 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3(READLINE_POINT)2.593 E F4(,)A F0(or)2.593 E F3(READ-)2.843 E -(LINE_MARK)180 204 Q F4(,)A F0(those ne)2.25 E 2.5(wv)-.25 G -(alues will be re\215ected in the editing state.)-2.75 E F1144 216 -Q F0 .829(List all k)180 216 R 1.129 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .829 +(LINE_MARK)180 456 Q F4(,)A F0(those ne)2.25 E 2.5(wv)-.25 G +(alues will be re\215ected in the editing state.)-2.75 E F1144 468 +Q F0 .829(List all k)180 468 R 1.129 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .829 (equences bound to shell commands and the associated commands in a for) -.15 F(-)-.2 E(mat that can be reused as input.)180 228 Q(The return v) -144 244.8 Q(alue is 0 unless an unrecognized option is gi)-.25 E -.15 +.15 F(-)-.2 E(mat that can be reused as input.)180 480 Q(The return v) +144 496.8 Q(alue is 0 unless an unrecognized option is gi)-.25 E -.15 (ve)-.25 G 2.5(no).15 G 2.5(ra)-2.5 G 2.5(ne)-2.5 G(rror occurred.)-2.5 -E F1(br)108 261.6 Q(eak)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .055 -(Exit from within a)144 273.6 R F1 -.25(fo)2.555 G(r).25 E F0(,)A F1 +E F1(br)108 513.6 Q(eak)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .055 +(Exit from within a)144 525.6 R F1 -.25(fo)2.555 G(r).25 E F0(,)A F1 (while)2.555 E F0(,)A F1(until)2.555 E F0 2.555(,o)C(r)-2.555 E F1 (select)2.555 E F0 2.555(loop. If)2.555 F F2(n)2.555 E F0 .055 (is speci\214ed, break)2.555 F F2(n)2.555 E F0(le)2.555 E -.15(ve)-.25 G (ls.).15 E F2(n)5.414 E F0 .054(must be)2.794 F/F5 10/Symbol SF2.554 -E F0(1.)2.554 E(If)144 285.6 Q F2(n)3.074 E F0 .215(is greater than the\ +E F0(1.)2.554 E(If)144 537.6 Q F2(n)3.074 E F0 .215(is greater than the\ number of enclosing loops, all enclosing loops are e)2.954 F 2.715 (xited. The)-.15 F .215(return v)2.715 F(alue)-.25 E(is 0 unless)144 -297.6 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(is not greater than or equal to 1.)2.5 E F1 -.2 -(bu)108 314.4 S(iltin).2 E F2(shell\255b)2.5 E(uiltin)-.2 E F0([)2.5 E -F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A(Ex)144 326.4 Q .771 +549.6 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(is not greater than or equal to 1.)2.5 E F1 -.2 +(bu)108 566.4 S(iltin).2 E F2(shell\255b)2.5 E(uiltin)-.2 E F0([)2.5 E +F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A(Ex)144 578.4 Q .771 (ecute the speci\214ed shell b)-.15 F .771(uiltin, passing it)-.2 F F2 (ar)3.601 E(guments)-.37 E F0 3.271(,a).27 G .771(nd return its e)-3.271 F .77(xit status.)-.15 F .77(This is useful)5.77 F .615 (when de\214ning a function whose name is the same as a shell b)144 -338.4 R .616(uiltin, retaining the functionality of)-.2 F .57(the b)144 -350.4 R .57(uiltin within the function.)-.2 F(The)5.57 E F1(cd)3.07 E F0 +590.4 R .616(uiltin, retaining the functionality of)-.2 F .57(the b)144 +602.4 R .57(uiltin within the function.)-.2 F(The)5.57 E F1(cd)3.07 E F0 -.2(bu)3.07 G .57(iltin is commonly rede\214ned this w).2 F(ay)-.1 E -5.57(.T)-.65 G .57(he return status)-5.57 F(is f)144 362.4 Q(alse if)-.1 +5.57(.T)-.65 G .57(he return status)-5.57 F(is f)144 614.4 Q(alse if)-.1 E F2(shell\255b)2.84 E(uiltin)-.2 E F0(is not a shell b)2.74 E -(uiltin command.)-.2 E F1(caller)108 379.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 -.2(ex)C(pr) -.2 E F0(])A .253(Returns the conte)144 391.2 R .254(xt of an)-.15 F +(uiltin command.)-.2 E F1(caller)108 631.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 -.2(ex)C(pr) +.2 E F0(])A .253(Returns the conte)144 643.2 R .254(xt of an)-.15 F 2.754(ya)-.15 G(cti)-2.754 E .554 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .254 (ubroutine call \(a shell function or a script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -.254(cuted with the).15 F F1(.)2.754 E F0(or)2.754 E F1(sour)144 403.2 Q +.254(cuted with the).15 F F1(.)2.754 E F0(or)2.754 E F1(sour)144 655.2 Q (ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.825 G 2.825(iltins\). W).2 F(ithout)-.4 E F2 -.2 (ex)2.825 G(pr).2 E F0(,)A F1(caller)2.825 E F0 .324 (displays the line number and source \214lename of the current)2.824 F -.253(subroutine call.)144 415.2 R .253(If a non-ne)5.253 F -.05(ga)-.15 +.253(subroutine call.)144 667.2 R .253(If a non-ne)5.253 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .553 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(nte).15 E .253(ger is supplied as)-.15 F F2 -.2(ex)2.753 G(pr).2 E F0(,)A F1(caller)2.753 E F0 .254 (displays the line number)2.754 F 2.754(,s)-.4 G(ub-)-2.754 E 1.327(rou\ tine name, and source \214le corresponding to that position in the curr\ -ent e)144 427.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.327(cution call stack.).15 F(This e) -144 439.2 Q(xtra information may be used, for e)-.15 E .001 +ent e)144 679.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.327(cution call stack.).15 F(This e) +144 691.2 Q(xtra information may be used, for e)-.15 E .001 (xample, to print a stack trace.)-.15 F .001(The current frame is frame) -5.001 F 3.02(0. The)144 451.2 R .52(return v)3.02 F .52 +5.001 F 3.02(0. The)144 703.2 R .52(return v)3.02 F .52 (alue is 0 unless the shell is not e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .519 (cuting a subroutine call or).15 F F2 -.2(ex)3.019 G(pr).2 E F0 .519 -(does not corre-)3.019 F(spond to a v)144 463.2 Q -(alid position in the call stack.)-.25 E F1(cd)108 480 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 -A F0(|[)A F1A F0([)2.5 E F1A F0(]] [\255@]] [)A F2 -(dir)A F0(])A .321(Change the current directory to)144 492 R F2(dir) -2.821 E F0 5.321(.i)C(f)-5.321 E F2(dir)2.821 E F0 .322 -(is not supplied, the v)2.821 F .322(alue of the)-.25 F F3(HOME)2.822 E -F0 .322(shell v)2.572 F .322(ariable is)-.25 F .93(the def)144 504 R -3.43(ault. The)-.1 F -.25(va)3.43 G(riable).25 E F3(CDP)3.43 E -.855(AT) --.666 G(H).855 E F0 .929 -(de\214nes the search path for the directory containing)3.18 F F2(dir) -3.779 E F0 3.429(:e).73 G(ach)-3.429 E .406(directory name in)144 516 R -F3(CDP)2.907 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 .407(is searched for)2.657 F -F2(dir)2.907 E F0 5.407(.A)C(lternati)-5.407 E .707 -.15(ve d)-.25 H -.407(irectory names in).15 F F3(CDP)2.907 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 -.407(are sepa-)2.657 F .799(rated by a colon \(:\).)144 528 R 3.299(An) -5.799 G .799(ull directory name in)-3.299 F F3(CDP)3.299 E -.855(AT) --.666 G(H).855 E F0 .799(is the same as the current directory)3.049 F -3.299(,i)-.65 G(.e.,)-3.299 E -.74(``)144 540 S F1(.).74 E F0 -.74('')C -5.427(.I).74 G(f)-5.427 E F2(dir)3.277 E F0(be)3.657 E .427 +(does not corre-)3.019 F(spond to a v)144 715.2 Q +(alid position in the call stack.)-.25 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q +(2022 February 10)139.29 E(60)188.45 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 61 61 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF(cd)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F0(|[)A F1A F0([)2.5 E F1 +A F0(]] [\255@]] [)A/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(dir)A F0(])A .321 +(Change the current directory to)144 96 R F2(dir)2.821 E F0 5.321(.i)C +(f)-5.321 E F2(dir)2.821 E F0 .322(is not supplied, the v)2.821 F .322 +(alue of the)-.25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HOME)2.822 E F0 .322(shell v) +2.572 F .322(ariable is)-.25 F .93(the def)144 108 R 3.43(ault. The)-.1 +F -.25(va)3.43 G(riable).25 E F3(CDP)3.43 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 +.929(de\214nes the search path for the directory containing)3.18 F F2 +(dir)3.779 E F0 3.429(:e).73 G(ach)-3.429 E .406(directory name in)144 +120 R F3(CDP)2.907 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 .407(is searched for) +2.657 F F2(dir)2.907 E F0 5.407(.A)C(lternati)-5.407 E .707 -.15(ve d) +-.25 H .407(irectory names in).15 F F3(CDP)2.907 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H) +.855 E F0 .407(are sepa-)2.657 F .799(rated by a colon \(:\).)144 132 R +3.299(An)5.799 G .799(ull directory name in)-3.299 F F3(CDP)3.299 E +-.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 .799(is the same as the current directory) +3.049 F 3.299(,i)-.65 G(.e.,)-3.299 E -.74(``)144 144 S F1(.).74 E F0 +-.74('')C 5.427(.I).74 G(f)-5.427 E F2(dir)3.277 E F0(be)3.657 E .427 (gins with a slash \(/\), then)-.15 F F3(CDP)2.928 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H) .855 E F0 .428(is not used.)2.678 F(The)5.428 E F12.928 E F0 .428 (option causes)2.928 F F1(cd)2.928 E F0 .428(to use the)2.928 F(ph)144 -552 Q .168 +156 Q .168 (ysical directory structure by resolving symbolic links while tra)-.05 F -.15(ve)-.2 G(rsing).15 E F2(dir)2.667 E F0 .167(and before processing) -2.667 F 1.225(instances of)144 564 R F2(..)3.725 E F0(in)3.725 E F2(dir) +2.667 F 1.225(instances of)144 168 R F2(..)3.725 E F0(in)3.725 E F2(dir) 3.725 E F0 1.225(\(see also the)3.725 F F13.725 E F0 1.225 (option to the)3.725 F F1(set)3.725 E F0 -.2(bu)3.725 G 1.225 (iltin command\); the).2 F F13.725 E F0 1.225(option forces)3.725 -F .412(symbolic links to be follo)144 576 R .411 +F .412(symbolic links to be follo)144 180 R .411 (wed by resolving the link after processing instances of)-.25 F F2(..) 2.911 E F0(in)2.911 E F2(dir)2.911 E F0 5.411(.I)C(f)-5.411 E F2(..) -2.911 E F0(ap-)2.911 E .34(pears in)144 588 R F2(dir)2.84 E F0 2.84(,i)C +2.911 E F0(ap-)2.911 E .34(pears in)144 192 R F2(dir)2.84 E F0 2.84(,i)C 2.84(ti)-2.84 G 2.841(sp)-2.84 G .341(rocessed by remo)-2.841 F .341 (ving the immediately pre)-.15 F .341(vious pathname component from)-.25 -F F2(dir)2.841 E F0(,)A .176(back to a slash or the be)144 600 R .176 +F F2(dir)2.841 E F0(,)A .176(back to a slash or the be)144 204 R .176 (ginning of)-.15 F F2(dir)2.676 E F0 5.176(.I)C 2.676(ft)-5.176 G(he) -2.676 E F12.675 E F0 .175(option is supplied with)2.675 F F1 2.675 E F0 2.675(,a)C .175(nd the current w)-2.675 F(ork-)-.1 E .341(ing directory cannot be successfully determined after a successful\ - directory change,)144 612 R F1(cd)2.841 E F0 .341(will return)2.841 F -.357(an unsuccessful status.)144 624 R .357 + directory change,)144 216 R F1(cd)2.841 E F0 .341(will return)2.841 F +.357(an unsuccessful status.)144 228 R .357 (On systems that support it, the)5.357 F F12.856 E F0 .356 (option presents the e)2.856 F .356(xtended attrib)-.15 F(utes)-.2 E -.069(associated with a \214le as a directory)144 636 R 5.069(.A)-.65 G +.069(associated with a \214le as a directory)144 240 R 5.069(.A)-.65 G 2.569(na)-5.069 G -.18(rg)-2.569 G .069(ument of).18 F F12.569 E F0 .07(is con)2.57 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .07(rted to).15 F F3($OLDPWD)2.57 E F0 -.07(before the direc-)2.32 F .307(tory change is attempted.)144 648 R +.07(before the direc-)2.32 F .307(tory change is attempted.)144 252 R .306(If a non-empty directory name from)5.307 F F3(CDP)2.806 E -.855(AT) -.666 G(H).855 E F0 .306(is used, or if)2.556 F F12.806 E F0 .306 -(is the \214rst)2.806 F(ar)144 660 Q .116(gument, and the directory cha\ +(is the \214rst)2.806 F(ar)144 264 Q .116(gument, and the directory cha\ nge is successful, the absolute pathname of the ne)-.18 F 2.616(ww)-.25 G .116(orking direc-)-2.716 F .15 -(tory is written to the standard output.)144 672 R .15 +(tory is written to the standard output.)144 276 R .15 (If the directory change is successful,)5.15 F F1(cd)2.65 E F0 .15 -(sets the v)2.65 F .15(alue of the)-.25 F F1(PWD)144 684 Q F0(en)2.957 E +(sets the v)2.65 F .15(alue of the)-.25 F F1(PWD)144 288 Q F0(en)2.957 E .457(vironment v)-.4 F .457(ariable to the ne)-.25 F 2.958(wd)-.25 G .458(irectory name, and sets the)-2.958 F F1(OLDPWD)2.958 E F0(en)2.958 -E .458(vironment v)-.4 F(ari-)-.25 E .126(able to the v)144 696 R .126 +E .458(vironment v)-.4 F(ari-)-.25 E .126(able to the v)144 300 R .126 (alue of the current w)-.25 F .126(orking directory before the change.) -.1 F .125(The return v)5.125 F .125(alue is true if the)-.25 F -(directory w)144 708 Q(as successfully changed; f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.) --.1 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 January 17)141.79 E(60)190.95 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 61 61 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(command)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255pVv)A F0(])A/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 -SF(command)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(Run)144 96 Q -F2(command)2.764 E F0(with)3.334 E F2(ar)2.894 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .065 +(directory w)144 312 Q(as successfully changed; f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.) +-.1 E F1(command)108 328.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255pVv)A F0(])A F2(command) +2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(Run)144 340.8 Q F2 +(command)2.764 E F0(with)3.334 E F2(ar)2.894 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .065 (suppressing the normal shell function lookup.)2.834 F .065(Only b)5.065 -F .065(uiltin commands or)-.2 F .502(commands found in the)144 108 R/F3 -9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)3.002 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .502(are e)2.752 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G 3.002(cuted. If).15 F(the)3.002 E F13.002 E F0 .502 -(option is gi)3.002 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .501(n, the search for).15 F F2 -(command)3.201 E F0(is)3.771 E .399(performed using a def)144 120 R .399 -(ault v)-.1 F .399(alue for)-.25 F F3 -.666(PA)2.899 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .4 +F .065(uiltin commands or)-.2 F .502(commands found in the)144 352.8 R +F3 -.666(PA)3.002 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .502(are e)2.752 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +3.002(cuted. If).15 F(the)3.002 E F13.002 E F0 .502(option is gi) +3.002 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .501(n, the search for).15 F F2(command)3.201 E +F0(is)3.771 E .399(performed using a def)144 364.8 R .399(ault v)-.1 F +.399(alue for)-.25 F F3 -.666(PA)2.899 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .4 (that is guaranteed to \214nd all of the standard utilities.)2.649 F(If) -5.4 E .175(either the)144 132 R F12.675 E F0(or)2.675 E F1 +5.4 E .175(either the)144 376.8 R F12.675 E F0(or)2.675 E F1 2.675 E F0 .175(option is supplied, a description of)2.675 F F2(command) 2.875 E F0 .174(is printed.)3.445 F(The)5.174 E F12.674 E F0 .174 -(option causes)2.674 F 3.317(as)144 144 S .817(ingle w)-3.317 F .817 +(option causes)2.674 F 3.317(as)144 388.8 S .817(ingle w)-3.317 F .817 (ord indicating the command or \214lename used to in)-.1 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G F2(command)3.618 E F0 .818(to be displayed; the)4.088 F F1 -144 156 Q F0 .25(option produces a more v)2.75 F .25 +144 400.8 Q F0 .25(option produces a more v)2.75 F .25 (erbose description.)-.15 F .249(If the)5.25 F F12.749 E F0(or) 2.749 E F12.749 E F0 .249(option is supplied, the e)2.749 F .249 -(xit status)-.15 F 1.004(is 0 if)144 168 R F2(command)3.704 E F0 -.1(wa) -4.274 G 3.504(sf).1 G 1.005(ound, and 1 if not.)-3.504 F 1.005 +(xit status)-.15 F 1.004(is 0 if)144 412.8 R F2(command)3.704 E F0 -.1 +(wa)4.274 G 3.504(sf).1 G 1.005(ound, and 1 if not.)-3.504 F 1.005 (If neither option is supplied and an error occurred or)6.005 F F2 -(command)144.2 180 Q F0 1.599(cannot be found, the e)4.869 F 1.599 +(command)144.2 424.8 Q F0 1.599(cannot be found, the e)4.869 F 1.599 (xit status is 127.)-.15 F 1.599(Otherwise, the e)6.599 F 1.598 -(xit status of the)-.15 F F1(command)4.098 E F0 -.2(bu)144 192 S +(xit status of the)-.15 F F1(command)4.098 E F0 -.2(bu)144 436.8 S (iltin is the e).2 E(xit status of)-.15 E F2(command)2.7 E F0(.).77 E F1 -(compgen)108 208.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(wor)-2.5 E(d) --.37 E F0(])A .012(Generate possible completion matches for)144 220.8 R +(compgen)108 453.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(wor)-2.5 E(d) +-.37 E F0(])A .012(Generate possible completion matches for)144 465.6 R F2(wor)2.513 E(d)-.37 E F0 .013(according to the)2.513 F F2(option)2.513 E F0 .013(s, which may be an)B 2.513(yo)-.15 G(ption)-2.513 E .982 -(accepted by the)144 232.8 R F1(complete)3.482 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981 +(accepted by the)144 477.6 R F1(complete)3.482 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981 (iltin with the e).2 F .981(xception of)-.15 F F13.481 E F0(and) 3.481 E F13.481 E F0 3.481(,a)C .981(nd write the matches to the) --3.481 F .13(standard output.)144 244.8 R .13(When using the)5.13 F F1 +-3.481 F .13(standard output.)144 489.6 R .13(When using the)5.13 F F1 2.63 E F0(or)2.63 E F12.631 E F0 .131(options, the v)2.631 F .131(arious shell v)-.25 F .131(ariables set by the program-)-.25 F -(mable completion f)144 256.8 Q(acilities, while a)-.1 E -.25(va)-.2 G +(mable completion f)144 501.6 Q(acilities, while a)-.1 E -.25(va)-.2 G (ilable, will not ha).25 E .3 -.15(ve u)-.2 H(seful v).15 E(alues.)-.25 -E .352(The matches will be generated in the same w)144 280.8 R .352 +E .352(The matches will be generated in the same w)144 525.6 R .352 (ay as if the programmable completion code had gen-)-.1 F .02(erated th\ em directly from a completion speci\214cation with the same \215ags.)144 -292.8 R(If)5.02 E F2(wor)2.52 E(d)-.37 E F0 .02(is speci\214ed, only) -2.52 F(those completions matching)144 304.8 Q F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0 -(will be displayed.)2.5 E(The return v)144 328.8 Q +537.6 R(If)5.02 E F2(wor)2.52 E(d)-.37 E F0 .02(is speci\214ed, only) +2.52 F(those completions matching)144 549.6 Q F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0 +(will be displayed.)2.5 E(The return v)144 573.6 Q (alue is true unless an in)-.25 E -.25(va)-.4 G (lid option is supplied, or no matches were generated.).25 E F1 -(complete)108 345.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255abcdefgjksuv)A F0 2.5(][)C F1 +(complete)108 590.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255abcdefgjksuv)A F0 2.5(][)C F1 -2.5 E F2(comp-option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255DEI)-2.5 E F0 2.5 (][)C F1-2.5 E F2(action)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2 (globpat)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(wor)2.5 E(dlist)-.37 E F0 -(])A([)144 357.6 Q F1A F2(function)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 +(])A([)144 602.4 Q F1A F2(function)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(command)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E F0 2.5(][)C F1 -2.5 E F2(suf)2.5 E<8c78>-.18 E F0(])A F2(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2 -(name ...)A F0(])A F1(complete \255pr)108 369.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255DEI) -A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .634(Specify ho)144 381.6 R +(name ...)A F0(])A F1(complete \255pr)108 614.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255DEI) +A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .634(Specify ho)144 626.4 R 3.134(wa)-.25 G -.18(rg)-3.134 G .634(uments to each).18 F F2(name)3.134 E F0 .634(should be completed.)3.134 F .633(If the)5.634 F F13.133 E F0 .633(option is supplied, or if no)3.133 F .139 -(options are supplied, e)144 393.6 R .139 +(options are supplied, e)144 638.4 R .139 (xisting completion speci\214cations are printed in a w)-.15 F .14 (ay that allo)-.1 F .14(ws them to be)-.25 F .31(reused as input.)144 -405.6 R(The)5.31 E F12.81 E F0 .31(option remo)2.81 F -.15(ve)-.15 +650.4 R(The)5.31 E F12.81 E F0 .31(option remo)2.81 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.81(sac).15 G .31(ompletion speci\214cation for each)-2.81 F F2(name) 2.81 E F0 2.81(,o)C 1.11 -.4(r, i)-2.81 H 2.81(fn).4 G(o)-2.81 E F2 (name)2.81 E F0(s)A 1.207 -(are supplied, all completion speci\214cations.)144 417.6 R(The)6.207 E +(are supplied, all completion speci\214cations.)144 662.4 R(The)6.207 E F13.707 E F0 1.208(option indicates that other supplied options) -3.708 F .5(and actions should apply to the `)144 429.6 R(`def)-.74 E +3.708 F .5(and actions should apply to the `)144 674.4 R(`def)-.74 E (ault')-.1 E 3('c)-.74 G .5 (ommand completion; that is, completion attempted on)-3 F 3.455(ac)144 -441.6 S .955(ommand for which no completion has pre)-3.455 F .955 +686.4 S .955(ommand for which no completion has pre)-3.455 F .955 (viously been de\214ned.)-.25 F(The)5.955 E F13.455 E F0 .955 (option indicates that)3.455 F .876 -(other supplied options and actions should apply to `)144 453.6 R +(other supplied options and actions should apply to `)144 698.4 R (`empty')-.74 E 3.376('c)-.74 G .876(ommand completion; that is, com-) --3.376 F .447(pletion attempted on a blank line.)144 465.6 R(The)5.447 E +-3.376 F .447(pletion attempted on a blank line.)144 710.4 R(The)5.447 E F12.947 E F0 .448 -(option indicates that other supplied options and actions)2.947 F .123 -(should apply to completion on the initial non-assignment w)144 477.6 R -.123(ord on the line, or after a command de-)-.1 F 1.02(limiter such as) -144 489.6 R F1(;)3.52 E F0(or)3.52 E F1(|)3.52 E F0 3.52(,w)C 1.021 -(hich is usually command name completion.)-3.52 F 1.021 -(If multiple options are sup-)6.021 F .708(plied, the)144 501.6 R F1 -3.208 E F0 .708(option tak)3.208 F .708(es precedence o)-.1 F -.15 -(ve)-.15 G(r).15 E F13.208 E F0 3.208(,a)C .708(nd both tak)-3.208 -F 3.208(ep)-.1 G .707(recedence o)-3.208 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(r).15 E F1 -3.207 E F0 5.707(.I)C 3.207(fa)-5.707 G 1.007 -.15(ny o)-3.207 H -(f).15 E F13.207 E F0(,)A F1144 513.6 Q F0 2.603(,o)C(r) --2.603 E F12.603 E F0 .103(are supplied, an)2.603 F 2.603(yo)-.15 -G(ther)-2.603 E F2(name)2.603 E F0(ar)2.603 E .103 +(option indicates that other supplied options and actions)2.947 F 1.15 +(should apply to completion on the initial non-assignment w)144 722.4 R +1.149(ord on the line, or after a command)-.1 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q +(2022 February 10)139.29 E(61)188.45 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 62 62 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .43 +(delimiter such as)144 84 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(;)2.93 E F0(or)2.93 E +F1(|)2.93 E F0 2.93(,w)C .431(hich is usually command name completion.) +-2.93 F .431(If multiple options are sup-)5.431 F .708(plied, the)144 96 +R F13.208 E F0 .708(option tak)3.208 F .708(es precedence o)-.1 F +-.15(ve)-.15 G(r).15 E F13.208 E F0 3.208(,a)C .708(nd both tak) +-3.208 F 3.208(ep)-.1 G .707(recedence o)-3.208 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(r).15 E +F13.207 E F0 5.707(.I)C 3.207(fa)-5.707 G 1.007 -.15(ny o)-3.207 H +(f).15 E F13.207 E F0(,)A F1144 108 Q F0 2.603(,o)C(r)-2.603 +E F12.603 E F0 .103(are supplied, an)2.603 F 2.603(yo)-.15 G(ther) +-2.603 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)2.603 E F0(ar)2.603 E .103 (guments are ignored; these completions only apply to the)-.18 F -(case speci\214ed by the option.)144 525.6 Q .153 +(case speci\214ed by the option.)144 120 Q .153 (The process of applying these completion speci\214cations when w)144 -549.6 R .152(ord completion is attempted is de-)-.1 F(scribed abo)144 -561.6 Q .3 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1(Pr)2.5 E -(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0(.)A .555 -(Other options, if speci\214ed, ha)144 585.6 R .855 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .555 -(he follo).15 F .555(wing meanings.)-.25 F .555(The ar)5.555 F .555 -(guments to the)-.18 F F13.056 E F0(,)A F13.056 E F0 3.056 -(,a)C(nd)-3.056 E F13.056 E F0 .723(options \(and, if necessary) -144 597.6 R 3.223(,t)-.65 G(he)-3.223 E F13.223 E F0(and)3.223 E -F13.223 E F0 .722 +144 R .152(ord completion is attempted is de-)-.1 F(scribed abo)144 156 +Q .3 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1(Pr)2.5 E(ogrammable Completion)-.18 +E F0(.)A .555(Other options, if speci\214ed, ha)144 180 R .855 -.15 +(ve t)-.2 H .555(he follo).15 F .555(wing meanings.)-.25 F .555(The ar) +5.555 F .555(guments to the)-.18 F F13.056 E F0(,)A F13.056 +E F0 3.056(,a)C(nd)-3.056 E F13.056 E F0 .723 +(options \(and, if necessary)144 192 R 3.223(,t)-.65 G(he)-3.223 E F1 +3.223 E F0(and)3.223 E F13.223 E F0 .722 (options\) should be quoted to protect them from e)3.223 F(xpan-)-.15 E -(sion before the)144 609.6 Q F1(complete)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G -(iltin is in).2 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E F1144 621.6 Q -F2(comp-option)2.5 E F0(The)184 633.6 Q F2(comp-option)2.79 E F0 .291 +(sion before the)144 204 Q F1(complete)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G +(iltin is in).2 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E F1144 216 Q F2 +(comp-option)2.5 E F0(The)184 228 Q F2(comp-option)2.79 E F0 .291 (controls se)2.791 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .291(ral aspects of the compspec') .15 F 2.791(sb)-.55 G(eha)-2.791 E .291(vior be)-.2 F .291 -(yond the simple)-.15 F(generation of completions.)184 645.6 Q F2 -(comp-option)5 E F0(may be one of:)2.5 E F1(bashdefault)184 657.6 Q F0 -.281(Perform the rest of the def)224 669.6 R(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)2.781 E -F0 .281(completions if the compspec generates no)2.781 F(matches.)224 -681.6 Q F1(default)184 693.6 Q F0 2.875(Use readline')224 693.6 R 5.375 -(sd)-.55 G(ef)-5.375 E 2.876 +(yond the simple)-.15 F(generation of completions.)184 240 Q F2 +(comp-option)5 E F0(may be one of:)2.5 E F1(bashdefault)184 252 Q F0 +.281(Perform the rest of the def)224 264 R(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)2.781 E F0 +.281(completions if the compspec generates no)2.781 F(matches.)224 276 Q +F1(default)184 288 Q F0 2.875(Use readline')224 288 R 5.375(sd)-.55 G +(ef)-5.375 E 2.876 (ault \214lename completion if the compspec generates no)-.1 F(matches.) -224 705.6 Q(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 January 17)141.79 E(61)190.95 E 0 -Cg EP -%%Page: 62 62 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(dir)184 84 Q(names)-.15 E F0(Perform directory name completion if th\ -e compspec generates no matches.)224 96 Q F1(\214lenames)184 108 Q F0 --.7(Te)224 120 S .137(ll readline that the compspec generates \214lenam\ -es, so it can perform an).7 F 2.636<798c>-.15 G(le-)-2.636 E .134 -(name\255speci\214c processing \(lik)224 132 R 2.634(ea)-.1 G .134 +224 300 Q F1(dir)184 312 Q(names)-.15 E F0(Perform directory name compl\ +etion if the compspec generates no matches.)224 324 Q F1(\214lenames)184 +336 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 348 S .137(ll readline that the compspec generates \ +\214lenames, so it can perform an).7 F 2.636<798c>-.15 G(le-)-2.636 E +.134(name\255speci\214c processing \(lik)224 360 R 2.634(ea)-.1 G .134 (dding a slash to directory names, quoting spe-)-2.634 F .45 -(cial characters, or suppressing trailing spaces\).)224 144 R .45 -(Intended to be used with shell)5.45 F(functions.)224 156 Q F1(noquote) -184 168 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 168 S .814 +(cial characters, or suppressing trailing spaces\).)224 372 R .45 +(Intended to be used with shell)5.45 F(functions.)224 384 Q F1(noquote) +184 396 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 396 S .814 (ll readline not to quote the completed w).7 F .814(ords if the)-.1 F 3.314(ya)-.15 G .815(re \214lenames \(quoting)-3.314 F -(\214lenames is the def)224 180 Q(ault\).)-.1 E F1(nosort)184 192 Q F0 --.7(Te)224 192 S(ll readline not to sort the list of possible completio\ -ns alphabetically).7 E(.)-.65 E F1(nospace)184 204 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 204 S +(\214lenames is the def)224 408 Q(ault\).)-.1 E F1(nosort)184 420 Q F0 +-.7(Te)224 420 S(ll readline not to sort the list of possible completio\ +ns alphabetically).7 E(.)-.65 E F1(nospace)184 432 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 432 S .22(ll readline not to append a space \(the def).7 F .22(ault\) to w)-.1 -F .22(ords completed at the end)-.1 F(of the line.)224 216 Q F1 -(plusdirs)184 228 Q F0 1.985(After an)224 228 R 4.485(ym)-.15 G 1.985 +F .22(ords completed at the end)-.1 F(of the line.)224 444 Q F1 +(plusdirs)184 456 Q F0 1.985(After an)224 456 R 4.485(ym)-.15 G 1.985 (atches de\214ned by the compspec are generated, directory name)-4.485 F -.584(completion is attempted and an)224 240 R 3.084(ym)-.15 G .584 -(atches are added to the results of the other)-3.084 F(actions.)224 252 -Q F1144 264 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(action)2.5 E F0(The)184 276 -Q F2(action)2.5 E F0(may be one of the follo)2.5 E +.584(completion is attempted and an)224 468 R 3.084(ym)-.15 G .584 +(atches are added to the results of the other)-3.084 F(actions.)224 480 +Q F1144 492 Q F2(action)2.5 E F0(The)184 504 Q F2(action)2.5 E F0 +(may be one of the follo)2.5 E (wing to generate a list of possible completions:)-.25 E F1(alias)184 -288 Q F0(Alias names.)224 288 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1 -2.5 E F0(.)A F1(arrayv)184 300 Q(ar)-.1 E F0(Array v)224 312 Q -(ariable names.)-.25 E F1(binding)184 324 Q(Readline)224 324 Q F0 -.1 -(ke)2.5 G 2.5(yb)-.05 G(inding names.)-2.5 E F1 -.2(bu)184 336 S(iltin) -.2 E F0(Names of shell b)224 336 Q(uiltin commands.)-.2 E -(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(command)184 348 -Q F0(Command names.)224 360 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F12.5 -E F0(.)A F1(dir)184 372 Q(ectory)-.18 E F0(Directory names.)224 384 Q -(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(disabled)184 396 -Q F0(Names of disabled shell b)224 408 Q(uiltins.)-.2 E F1(enabled)184 -420 Q F0(Names of enabled shell b)224 420 Q(uiltins.)-.2 E F1(export)184 -432 Q F0(Names of e)224 432 Q(xported shell v)-.15 E 2.5(ariables. May) +516 Q F0(Alias names.)224 516 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1 +2.5 E F0(.)A F1(arrayv)184 528 Q(ar)-.1 E F0(Array v)224 540 Q +(ariable names.)-.25 E F1(binding)184 552 Q(Readline)224 552 Q F0 -.1 +(ke)2.5 G 2.5(yb)-.05 G(inding names.)-2.5 E F1 -.2(bu)184 564 S(iltin) +.2 E F0(Names of shell b)224 564 Q(uiltin commands.)-.2 E +(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(command)184 576 +Q F0(Command names.)224 588 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F12.5 +E F0(.)A F1(dir)184 600 Q(ectory)-.18 E F0(Directory names.)224 612 Q +(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(disabled)184 624 +Q F0(Names of disabled shell b)224 636 Q(uiltins.)-.2 E F1(enabled)184 +648 Q F0(Names of enabled shell b)224 648 Q(uiltins.)-.2 E F1(export)184 +660 Q F0(Names of e)224 660 Q(xported shell v)-.15 E 2.5(ariables. May) -.25 F(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(\214le)184 -444 Q F0(File names.)224 444 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1 -2.5 E F0(.)A F1(function)184 456 Q F0(Names of shell functions.)224 468 -Q F1(gr)184 480 Q(oup)-.18 E F0(Group names.)224 480 Q -(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(helptopic)184 -492 Q F0(Help topics as accepted by the)224 504 Q F1(help)2.5 E F0 -.2 -(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(hostname)184 516 Q F0(Hostnames, as tak)224 528 -Q(en from the \214le speci\214ed by the)-.1 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -(HOSTFILE)2.5 E F0(shell v)2.25 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(job)184 540 Q F0 -(Job names, if job control is acti)224 540 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 5(.M).15 G -(ay also be speci\214ed as)-5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(ke)184 552 S -(yw).1 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Shell reserv)224 564 Q(ed w)-.15 E 2.5(ords. May) --.1 F(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(running)184 -576 Q F0(Names of running jobs, if job control is acti)224 576 Q -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1(ser)184 588 Q(vice)-.1 E F0(Service names.)224 588 -Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(setopt)184 600 -Q F0 -1.11(Va)224 600 S(lid ar)1.11 E(guments for the)-.18 E F12.5 -E F0(option to the)2.5 E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1 -(shopt)184 612 Q F0(Shell option names as accepted by the)224 612 Q F1 -(shopt)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(signal)184 624 Q F0 -(Signal names.)224 624 Q F1(stopped)184 636 Q F0 -(Names of stopped jobs, if job control is acti)224 636 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G -(.).15 E F1(user)184 648 Q F0(User names.)224 648 Q -(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(va)184 660 S -(riable).1 E F0(Names of all shell v)224 660 Q 2.5(ariables. May)-.25 F -(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1144 672 Q F2 -(command)2.5 E(command)184 684 Q F0 1.055(is e)3.555 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -1.055(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 1.056 -(vironment, and its output is used as the possible)-.4 F(completions.) -184 696 Q(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 January 17)141.79 E(62)190.95 E 0 -Cg EP +672 Q F0(File names.)224 672 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1 +2.5 E F0(.)A F1(function)184 684 Q F0(Names of shell functions.)224 696 +Q F1(gr)184 708 Q(oup)-.18 E F0(Group names.)224 708 Q +(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 +Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(62)188.45 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 63 63 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF144 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(function)2.5 E F0 .114 -(The shell function)184 96 R F2(function)2.614 E F0 .114(is e)2.614 F +SF(helptopic)184 84 Q F0(Help topics as accepted by the)224 96 Q F1 +(help)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(hostname)184 108 Q F0 +(Hostnames, as tak)224 120 Q(en from the \214le speci\214ed by the)-.1 E +/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HOSTFILE)2.5 E F0(shell v)2.25 E(ariable.)-.25 E +F1(job)184 132 Q F0(Job names, if job control is acti)224 132 Q -.15(ve) +-.25 G 5(.M).15 G(ay also be speci\214ed as)-5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 +-.1(ke)184 144 S(yw).1 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Shell reserv)224 156 Q(ed w)-.15 E +2.5(ords. May)-.1 F(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(running)184 168 Q F0(Names of running jobs, if job control is acti)224 +168 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1(ser)184 180 Q(vice)-.1 E F0 +(Service names.)224 180 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F12.5 E +F0(.)A F1(setopt)184 192 Q F0 -1.11(Va)224 192 S(lid ar)1.11 E +(guments for the)-.18 E F12.5 E F0(option to the)2.5 E F1(set)2.5 +E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(shopt)184 204 Q F0 +(Shell option names as accepted by the)224 204 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0 -.2 +(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(signal)184 216 Q F0(Signal names.)224 216 Q F1 +(stopped)184 228 Q F0(Names of stopped jobs, if job control is acti)224 +228 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1(user)184 240 Q F0(User names.)224 240 Q +(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(va)184 252 S +(riable).1 E F0(Names of all shell v)224 252 Q 2.5(ariables. May)-.25 F +(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1144 264 Q/F3 +10/Times-Italic@0 SF(command)2.5 E(command)184 276 Q F0 1.055(is e)3.555 +F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.055(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 1.056 +(vironment, and its output is used as the possible)-.4 F(completions.) +184 288 Q F1144 300 Q F3(function)2.5 E F0 .114 +(The shell function)184 312 R F3(function)2.614 E F0 .114(is e)2.614 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .114(cuted in the current shell en).15 F 2.614 -(vironment. When)-.4 F .113(the func-)2.613 F .816(tion is e)184 108 R +(vironment. When)-.4 F .113(the func-)2.613 F .816(tion is e)184 324 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .816(cuted, the \214rst ar).15 F .816(gument \()-.18 F F1 ($1)A F0 3.316(\)i)C 3.316(st)-3.316 G .817 (he name of the command whose ar)-3.316 F(guments)-.18 E 1.407 -(are being completed, the second ar)184 120 R 1.407(gument \()-.18 F F1 +(are being completed, the second ar)184 336 R 1.407(gument \()-.18 F F1 ($2)A F0 3.907(\)i)C 3.907(st)-3.907 G 1.407(he w)-3.907 F 1.407 -(ord being completed, and the)-.1 F .103(third ar)184 132 R .103 +(ord being completed, and the)-.1 F .103(third ar)184 348 R .103 (gument \()-.18 F F1($3)A F0 2.603(\)i)C 2.603(st)-2.603 G .103(he w) -2.603 F .104(ord preceding the w)-.1 F .104 -(ord being completed on the current com-)-.1 F .102(mand line.)184 144 R +(ord being completed on the current com-)-.1 F .102(mand line.)184 360 R .102(When it \214nishes, the possible completions are retrie)5.102 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.601(df).15 G .101(rom the v)-2.601 F .101(alue of the) --.25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMPREPL)184 156 Q(Y)-.828 E F0(array v)2.25 -E(ariable.)-.25 E F1144 168 Q F2(globpat)2.5 E F0 1.007 -(The pathname e)184 180 R 1.007(xpansion pattern)-.15 F F2(globpat)3.507 -E F0 1.007(is e)3.507 F 1.008(xpanded to generate the possible comple-) --.15 F(tions.)184 192 Q F1144 204 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E(pr) -184 216 Q(e\214x)-.37 E F0 .535(is added at the be)3.035 F .534 +-.25 F F2(COMPREPL)184 372 Q(Y)-.828 E F0(array v)2.25 E(ariable.)-.25 E +F1144 384 Q F3(globpat)2.5 E F0 1.007(The pathname e)184 396 R +1.007(xpansion pattern)-.15 F F3(globpat)3.507 E F0 1.007(is e)3.507 F +1.008(xpanded to generate the possible comple-)-.15 F(tions.)184 408 Q +F1144 420 Q F3(pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E(pr)184 432 Q(e\214x)-.37 E +F0 .535(is added at the be)3.035 F .534 (ginning of each possible completion after all other options ha)-.15 F --.15(ve)-.2 G(been applied.)184 228 Q F1144 240 Q F2(suf)2.5 E -<8c78>-.18 E(suf)184 240 Q<8c78>-.18 E F0 +-.15(ve)-.2 G(been applied.)184 444 Q F1144 456 Q F3(suf)2.5 E +<8c78>-.18 E(suf)184 456 Q<8c78>-.18 E F0 (is appended to each possible completion after all other options ha)2.5 -E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een applied.).15 E F1144 252 Q F2(wor)2.5 E -(dlist)-.37 E F0(The)184 264 Q F2(wor)3.639 E(dlist)-.37 E F0 1.14 -(is split using the characters in the)3.639 F F3(IFS)3.64 E F0 1.14 +E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een applied.).15 E F1144 468 Q F3(wor)2.5 E +(dlist)-.37 E F0(The)184 480 Q F3(wor)3.639 E(dlist)-.37 E F0 1.14 +(is split using the characters in the)3.639 F F2(IFS)3.64 E F0 1.14 (special v)3.39 F 1.14(ariable as delimiters, and)-.25 F .981 -(each resultant w)184 276 R .981(ord is e)-.1 F 3.481(xpanded. Shell) --.15 F .981(quoting is honored within)3.481 F F2(wor)3.481 E(dlist)-.37 -E F0 3.48(,i)C 3.48(no)-3.48 G .98(rder to)-3.48 F(pro)184 288 Q .765 +(each resultant w)184 492 R .981(ord is e)-.1 F 3.481(xpanded. Shell) +-.15 F .981(quoting is honored within)3.481 F F3(wor)3.481 E(dlist)-.37 +E F0 3.48(,i)C 3.48(no)-3.48 G .98(rder to)-3.48 F(pro)184 504 Q .765 (vide a mechanism for the w)-.15 F .766 (ords to contain shell metacharacters or characters in the)-.1 F -.25 -(va)184 300 S 1.965(lue of).25 F F3(IFS)4.465 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.) +(va)184 516 S 1.965(lue of).25 F F2(IFS)4.465 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.) A F0 1.964 (The possible completions are the members of the resultant list which) -6.465 F(match the w)184 312 Q(ord being completed.)-.1 E F1144 324 -Q F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E(\214lterpat)184 336 Q F0 .455 +6.465 F(match the w)184 528 Q(ord being completed.)-.1 E F1144 540 +Q F3(\214lterpat)2.5 E(\214lterpat)184 552 Q F0 .455 (is a pattern as used for pathname e)2.955 F 2.956(xpansion. It)-.15 F .456(is applied to the list of possible)2.956 F 1.596 -(completions generated by the preceding options and ar)184 348 R 1.596 -(guments, and each completion)-.18 F(matching)184 360 Q F2(\214lterpat) +(completions generated by the preceding options and ar)184 564 R 1.596 +(guments, and each completion)-.18 F(matching)184 576 Q F3(\214lterpat) 3.204 E F0 .704(is remo)3.204 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.204(df).15 G .704 (rom the list.)-3.204 F 3.204(Al)5.704 G(eading)-3.204 E F1(!)3.204 E F0 -(in)3.204 E F2(\214lterpat)3.205 E F0(ne)3.205 E -.05(ga)-.15 G .705 -(tes the pattern;).05 F(in this case, an)184 372 Q 2.5(yc)-.15 G -(ompletion not matching)-2.5 E F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E F0(is remo)2.5 E --.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E .467(The return v)144 388.8 R .467 +(in)3.204 E F3(\214lterpat)3.205 E F0(ne)3.205 E -.05(ga)-.15 G .705 +(tes the pattern;).05 F(in this case, an)184 588 Q 2.5(yc)-.15 G +(ompletion not matching)-2.5 E F3(\214lterpat)2.5 E F0(is remo)2.5 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E .467(The return v)144 604.8 R .467 (alue is true unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .466 (lid option is supplied, an option other than).25 F F12.966 E F0 (or)2.966 E F12.966 E F0 .466(is sup-)2.966 F 1.361 -(plied without a)144 400.8 R F2(name)3.861 E F0(ar)3.861 E 1.361 +(plied without a)144 616.8 R F3(name)3.861 E F0(ar)3.861 E 1.361 (gument, an attempt is made to remo)-.18 F 1.662 -.15(ve a c)-.15 H -1.362(ompletion speci\214cation for a).15 F F2(name)144 412.8 Q F0 +1.362(ompletion speci\214cation for a).15 F F3(name)144 628.8 Q F0 (for which no speci\214cation e)2.5 E (xists, or an error occurs adding a completion speci\214cation.)-.15 E -F1(compopt)108 429.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F2(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C -F1(\255DEI)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(+o)-2.5 E F2(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C -F2(name)-2.5 E F0(])A .447(Modify completion options for each)144 441.6 -R F2(name)2.947 E F0 .447(according to the)2.947 F F2(option)2.947 E F0 +F1(compopt)108 645.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F3(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C +F1(\255DEI)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(+o)-2.5 E F3(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C +F3(name)-2.5 E F0(])A .447(Modify completion options for each)144 657.6 +R F3(name)2.947 E F0 .447(according to the)2.947 F F3(option)2.947 E F0 .447(s, or for the currently-e)B -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E .725 -(completion if no)144 453.6 R F2(name)3.225 E F0 3.225(sa)C .725 -(re supplied.)-3.225 F .725(If no)5.725 F F2(option)3.225 E F0 3.225(sa) +(completion if no)144 669.6 R F3(name)3.225 E F0 3.225(sa)C .725 +(re supplied.)-3.225 F .725(If no)5.725 F F3(option)3.225 E F0 3.225(sa) C .725(re gi)-3.225 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .726 -(n, display the completion options for).15 F(each)144 465.6 Q F2(name) +(n, display the completion options for).15 F(each)144 681.6 Q F3(name) 3.224 E F0 .724(or the current completion.)3.224 F .724(The possible v) -5.724 F .724(alues of)-.25 F F2(option)3.224 E F0 .724(are those v)3.224 -F .723(alid for the)-.25 F F1(com-)3.223 E(plete)144 477.6 Q F0 -.2(bu) +5.724 F .724(alues of)-.25 F F3(option)3.224 E F0 .724(are those v)3.224 +F .723(alid for the)-.25 F F1(com-)3.223 E(plete)144 693.6 Q F0 -.2(bu) 2.677 G .177(iltin described abo).2 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.178(.T).15 G(he) -5.178 E F12.678 E F0 .178 (option indicates that other supplied options should apply to)2.678 F -1.228(the `)144 489.6 R(`def)-.74 E(ault')-.1 E 3.728('c)-.74 G 1.228(o\ +1.228(the `)144 705.6 R(`def)-.74 E(ault')-.1 E 3.728('c)-.74 G 1.228(o\ mmand completion; that is, completion attempted on a command for which \ -no)-3.728 F 2.038(completion has pre)144 501.6 R 2.038 +no)-3.728 F 2.038(completion has pre)144 717.6 R 2.038 (viously been de\214ned.)-.25 F(The)7.038 E F14.538 E F0 2.039 (option indicates that other supplied options)4.538 F 1.539 -(should apply to `)144 513.6 R(`empty')-.74 E 4.039('c)-.74 G 1.538 +(should apply to `)144 729.6 R(`empty')-.74 E 4.039('c)-.74 G 1.538 (ommand completion; that is, completion attempted on a blank line.) --4.039 F(The)144 525.6 Q F13.02 E F0 .52(option indicates that ot\ -her supplied options should apply to completion on the initial non-)3.02 -F .868(assignment w)144 537.6 R .868 +-4.039 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(63)188.45 E 0 +Cg EP +%%Page: 64 64 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(The)144 84 Q/F1 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF3.02 E F0 .52(option indicates that other supplie\ +d options should apply to completion on the initial non-)3.02 F .868 +(assignment w)144 96 R .868 (ord on the line, or after a command delimiter such as)-.1 F F1(;)3.368 E F0(or)3.368 E F1(|)3.368 E F0 3.367(,w)C .867(hich is usually com-) --3.367 F(mand name completion.)144 549.6 Q .431(The return v)144 573.6 R +-3.367 F(mand name completion.)144 108 Q .431(The return v)144 132 R .431(alue is true unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .431 (lid option is supplied, an attempt is made to modify the op-).25 F -(tions for a)144 585.6 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0 +(tions for a)144 144 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)2.5 E F0 (for which no completion speci\214cation e)2.5 E -(xists, or an output error occurs.)-.15 E F1(continue)108 602.4 Q F0([) -2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .851(Resume the ne)144 614.4 R .851 +(xists, or an output error occurs.)-.15 E F1(continue)108 160.8 Q F0([) +2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .851(Resume the ne)144 172.8 R .851 (xt iteration of the enclosing)-.15 F F1 -.25(fo)3.351 G(r).25 E F0(,)A F1(while)3.351 E F0(,)A F1(until)3.351 E F0 3.351(,o)C(r)-3.351 E F1 (select)3.35 E F0 3.35(loop. If)3.35 F F2(n)3.71 E F0 .85 -(is speci\214ed, re-)3.59 F .203(sume at the)144 626.4 R F2(n)2.703 E F0 -.203(th enclosing loop.)B F2(n)5.563 E F0 .203(must be)2.943 F/F5 10 +(is speci\214ed, re-)3.59 F .203(sume at the)144 184.8 R F2(n)2.703 E F0 +.203(th enclosing loop.)B F2(n)5.563 E F0 .203(must be)2.943 F/F3 10 /Symbol SF2.703 E F0 2.704(1. If)2.703 F F2(n)3.064 E F0 .204 (is greater than the number of enclosing loops,)2.944 F 1.184 -(the last enclosing loop \(the `)144 638.4 R(`top-le)-.74 E -.15(ve)-.25 +(the last enclosing loop \(the `)144 196.8 R(`top-le)-.74 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(l').15 E 3.684('l)-.74 G 1.184(oop\) is resumed.)-3.684 F 1.183 (The return v)6.184 F 1.183(alue is 0 unless)-.25 F F2(n)3.683 E F0 -1.183(is not)3.683 F(greater than or equal to 1.)144 650.4 Q F1(declar) -108 667.2 Q(e)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAfFgiIlnrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F1 +1.183(is not)3.683 F(greater than or equal to 1.)144 208.8 Q F1(declar) +108 225.6 Q(e)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAfFgiIlnrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F1 -2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C -(..])-2.5 E F1(typeset)108 679.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAfFgiIlnrtux)A F0 +(..])-2.5 E F1(typeset)108 237.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAfFgiIlnrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 -2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E 1.264(Declare v)144 691.2 R 1.264 +2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E 1.264(Declare v)144 249.6 R 1.264 (ariables and/or gi)-.25 F 1.564 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 1.264(hem attrib).15 F 3.765(utes. If)-.2 F(no)3.765 E F2(name)3.765 E F0 3.765(sa)C 1.265 (re gi)-3.765 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.765(nt).15 G 1.265(hen display the v) --3.765 F 1.265(alues of)-.25 F -.25(va)144 703.2 S 3.46(riables. The).25 +-3.765 F 1.265(alues of)-.25 F -.25(va)144 261.6 S 3.46(riables. The).25 F F13.46 E F0 .96(option will display the attrib)3.46 F .96 (utes and v)-.2 F .96(alues of each)-.25 F F2(name)3.82 E F0 5.96(.W).18 -G(hen)-5.96 E F13.46 E F0 .96(is used)3.46 F(with)144 715.2 Q F2 +G(hen)-5.96 E F13.46 E F0 .96(is used)3.46 F(with)144 273.6 Q F2 (name)2.774 E F0(ar)2.774 E .274 (guments, additional options, other than)-.18 F F12.775 E F0(and) 2.775 E F12.775 E F0 2.775(,a)C .275(re ignored.)-2.775 F(When) -5.275 E F12.775 E F0 .275(is supplied)2.775 F(without)144 727.2 Q -F2(name)4.814 E F0(ar)4.814 E 2.314(guments, it will display the attrib) --.18 F 2.314(utes and v)-.2 F 2.313(alues of all v)-.25 F 2.313 -(ariables ha)-.25 F 2.313(ving the)-.2 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q -(2022 January 17)141.79 E(63)190.95 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 64 64 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(attrib)144 84 Q -1.181(utes speci\214ed by the additional options.)-.2 F 1.182 -(If no other options are supplied with)6.181 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -3.682 E F0(,)A F1(declar)3.682 E(e)-.18 E F0 .62 -(will display the attrib)144 96 R .62(utes and v)-.2 F .62 -(alues of all shell v)-.25 F 3.12(ariables. The)-.25 F F13.12 E F0 -.62(option will restrict the display)3.12 F 1.29(to shell functions.)144 -108 R(The)6.29 E F13.79 E F0 1.291(option inhibits the display of\ - function de\214nitions; only the function)3.791 F .948(name and attrib) -144 120 R .948(utes are printed.)-.2 F .948(If the)5.948 F F1(extdeb) -3.448 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .948(shell option is enabled using)3.448 F F1(shopt) -3.448 E F0 3.448(,t)C .948(he source)-3.448 F .626 -(\214le name and line number where each)144 132 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 -SF(name)3.126 E F0 .627(is de\214ned are displayed as well.)3.126 F(The) -5.627 E F13.127 E F0 .627(option im-)3.127 F(plies)144 144 Q F1 -3.01 E F0 5.51(.T)C(he)-5.51 E F13.01 E F0 .51 -(option forces v)3.01 F .509 +5.275 E F12.775 E F0 .275(is supplied)2.775 F(without)144 285.6 Q +F2(name)3.79 E F0(ar)3.79 E 1.29(guments, it will display the attrib) +-.18 F 1.289(utes and v)-.2 F 1.289(alues of all v)-.25 F 1.289 +(ariables ha)-.25 F 1.289(ving the at-)-.2 F(trib)144 297.6 Q .38 +(utes speci\214ed by the additional options.)-.2 F .38 +(If no other options are supplied with)5.38 F F12.88 E F0(,)A F1 +(declar)2.88 E(e)-.18 E F0(will)2.88 E 1.107(display the attrib)144 +309.6 R 1.107(utes and v)-.2 F 1.106(alues of all shell v)-.25 F 3.606 +(ariables. The)-.25 F F13.606 E F0 1.106 +(option will restrict the display to)3.606 F .299(shell functions.)144 +321.6 R(The)5.299 E F12.799 E F0 .299(option inhibits the display\ + of function de\214nitions; only the function name)2.799 F 1.54 +(and attrib)144 333.6 R 1.54(utes are printed.)-.2 F 1.54(If the)6.54 F +F1(extdeb)4.04 E(ug)-.2 E F0 1.54(shell option is enabled using)4.04 F +F1(shopt)4.04 E F0 4.04(,t)C 1.54(he source \214le)-4.04 F .648 +(name and line number where each)144 345.6 R F2(name)3.148 E F0 .648 +(is de\214ned are displayed as well.)3.148 F(The)5.648 E F13.148 E +F0 .649(option implies)3.149 F F1144 357.6 Q F0 5.837(.T)C(he) +-5.837 E F13.337 E F0 .837(option forces v)3.337 F .836 (ariables to be created or modi\214ed at the global scope, e)-.25 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 3.009(nw).15 G(hen)-3.009 E F1(declar)144 156 Q(e)-.18 E F0 -.262(is e)2.762 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .262(cuted in a shell function.).15 F -.263(It is ignored in all other cases.)5.263 F(The)5.263 E F12.763 -E F0 .263(option causes local)2.763 F -.25(va)144 168 S .694 +(ve)-.25 G 3.336(nw).15 G(hen)-3.336 E F1(de-)3.336 E(clar)144 369.6 Q +(e)-.18 E F0 .818(is e)3.318 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .818 +(cuted in a shell function.).15 F .818 +(It is ignored in all other cases.)5.818 F(The)5.819 E F13.319 E +F0 .819(option causes local)3.319 F -.25(va)144 381.6 S .694 (riables to inherit the attrib).25 F .694(utes \(e)-.2 F .694(xcept the) -.15 F F2(namer)3.194 E(ef)-.37 E F0(attrib)3.194 E .693(ute\) and v)-.2 F .693(alue of an)-.25 F 3.193(ye)-.15 G .693(xisting v)-3.343 F -(ariable)-.25 E .82(with the same)144 180 R F2(name)3.32 E F0 .82 +(ariable)-.25 E .82(with the same)144 393.6 R F2(name)3.32 E F0 .82 (at a surrounding scope.)3.32 F .82(If there is no e)5.82 F .82 (xisting v)-.15 F .82(ariable, the local v)-.25 F .82(ariable is)-.25 F -.38(initially unset.)144 192 R .38(The follo)5.38 F .379 +.38(initially unset.)144 405.6 R .38(The follo)5.38 F .379 (wing options can be used to restrict output to v)-.25 F .379 -(ariables with the speci\214ed)-.25 F(attrib)144 204 Q(ute or to gi)-.2 -E .3 -.15(ve v)-.25 H(ariables attrib)-.1 E(utes:)-.2 E F1144 216 -Q F0(Each)180 216 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0(is an inde)2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.5 -(da).15 G(rray v)-2.5 E(ariable \(see)-.25 E F1(Arrays)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 -E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1144 228 Q F0(Each)180 228 Q F2(name) -2.5 E F0(is an associati)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(rray v).15 E -(ariable \(see)-.25 E F1(Arrays)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).) -.15 E F1144 240 Q F0(Use function names only)180 240 Q(.)-.65 E F1 -144 252 Q F0 .557(The v)180 252 R .558 +(ariables with the speci\214ed)-.25 F(attrib)144 417.6 Q(ute or to gi) +-.2 E .3 -.15(ve v)-.25 H(ariables attrib)-.1 E(utes:)-.2 E F1144 +429.6 Q F0(Each)180 429.6 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0(is an inde)2.5 E -.15(xe) +-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G(rray v)-2.5 E(ariable \(see)-.25 E F1(Arrays)2.5 E +F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1144 441.6 Q F0(Each)180 +441.6 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0(is an associati)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H +(rray v).15 E(ariable \(see)-.25 E F1(Arrays)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve) +-.15 G(\).).15 E F1144 453.6 Q F0(Use function names only)180 +453.6 Q(.)-.65 E F1144 465.6 Q F0 .557(The v)180 465.6 R .558 (ariable is treated as an inte)-.25 F .558(ger; arithmetic e)-.15 F -.25 -(va)-.25 G .558(luation \(see).25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .558 -(ARITHMETIC EV)3.058 F(ALU)-1.215 E(A-)-.54 E(TION)180 264 Q F0(abo)2.25 -E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(\)i).15 G 2.5(sp)-2.5 G(erformed when the v)-2.5 E -(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 E(alue.)-.25 E F1144 276 Q F0 .91 -(When the v)180 276 R .909(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 F .909 +(va)-.25 G .558(luation \(see).25 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .558 +(ARITHMETIC EV)3.058 F(ALU)-1.215 E(A-)-.54 E(TION)180 477.6 Q F0(abo) +2.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(\)i).15 G 2.5(sp)-2.5 G(erformed when the v) +-2.5 E(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 E(alue.)-.25 E F1144 489.6 Q +F0 .91(When the v)180 489.6 R .909(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 F .909 (alue, all upper)-.25 F .909(-case characters are con)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.4 -G .909(rted to lo).15 F(wer)-.25 E(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 288 R -(upper)2.5 E(-case attrib)-.2 E(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F1144 300 Q -F0(Gi)180 300 Q 1.619 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(ach).15 E F2(name)3.819 E F0(the) -3.819 E F2(namer)3.819 E(ef)-.37 E F0(attrib)3.819 E 1.319 +G .909(rted to lo).15 F(wer)-.25 E(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 501.6 R +(upper)2.5 E(-case attrib)-.2 E(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F1144 513.6 +Q F0(Gi)180 513.6 Q 1.619 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(ach).15 E F2(name)3.819 E F0 +(the)3.819 E F2(namer)3.819 E(ef)-.37 E F0(attrib)3.819 E 1.319 (ute, making it a name reference to another v)-.2 F(ariable.)-.25 E .478 -(That other v)180 312 R .478(ariable is de\214ned by the v)-.25 F .478 +(That other v)180 525.6 R .478(ariable is de\214ned by the v)-.25 F .478 (alue of)-.25 F F2(name)2.978 E F0 5.478(.A)C .478 -(ll references, assignments, and at-)-5.478 F(trib)180 324 Q .781 +(ll references, assignments, and at-)-5.478 F(trib)180 537.6 Q .781 (ute modi\214cations to)-.2 F F2(name)3.281 E F0 3.281(,e)C .782 (xcept those using or changing the)-3.431 F F13.282 E F0(attrib) -3.282 E .782(ute itself, are)-.2 F .809(performed on the v)180 336 R +3.282 E .782(ute itself, are)-.2 F .809(performed on the v)180 549.6 R .809(ariable referenced by)-.25 F F2(name)3.308 E F0 1.908 -.55('s v)D 3.308(alue. The).3 F .808(nameref attrib)3.308 F .808(ute cannot be)-.2 -F(applied to array v)180 348 Q(ariables.)-.25 E F1144 360 Q F0 -(Mak)180 360 Q(e)-.1 E F2(name)3.654 E F0 3.654(sr)C(eadonly)-3.654 E +F(applied to array v)180 561.6 Q(ariables.)-.25 E F1144 573.6 Q F0 +(Mak)180 573.6 Q(e)-.1 E F2(name)3.654 E F0 3.654(sr)C(eadonly)-3.654 E 6.154(.T)-.65 G 1.154(hese names cannot then be assigned v)-6.154 F 1.155(alues by subsequent as-)-.25 F(signment statements or unset.)180 -372 Q F1144 384 Q F0(Gi)180 384 Q .73 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(ach).15 E -F2(name)2.93 E F0(the)2.929 E F2(tr)2.929 E(ace)-.15 E F0(attrib)2.929 E -2.929(ute. T)-.2 F .429(raced functions inherit the)-.35 F F1(DEB)2.929 -E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.929 E F1(RETURN)2.929 E F0 -(traps from the calling shell.)180 396 Q(The trace attrib)5 E -(ute has no special meaning for v)-.2 E(ariables.)-.25 E F1144 408 -Q F0 .909(When the v)180 408 R .909(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 F .909 -(alue, all lo)-.25 F(wer)-.25 E .909(-case characters are con)-.2 F -.15 -(ve)-.4 G .91(rted to upper).15 F(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 420 R(lo)2.5 -E(wer)-.25 E(-case attrib)-.2 E(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F1144 432 Q -F0(Mark)180 432 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0 2.5(sf)C(or e)-2.5 E +585.6 Q F1144 597.6 Q F0(Gi)180 597.6 Q .73 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(ach) +.15 E F2(name)2.93 E F0(the)2.929 E F2(tr)2.929 E(ace)-.15 E F0(attrib) +2.929 E 2.929(ute. T)-.2 F .429(raced functions inherit the)-.35 F F1 +(DEB)2.929 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.929 E F1(RETURN)2.929 E F0 +(traps from the calling shell.)180 609.6 Q(The trace attrib)5 E +(ute has no special meaning for v)-.2 E(ariables.)-.25 E F1144 +621.6 Q F0 .909(When the v)180 621.6 R .909(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 +F .909(alue, all lo)-.25 F(wer)-.25 E .909(-case characters are con)-.2 +F -.15(ve)-.4 G .91(rted to upper).15 F(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 633.6 +R(lo)2.5 E(wer)-.25 E(-case attrib)-.2 E(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F1 +144 645.6 Q F0(Mark)180 645.6 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0 2.5(sf)C(or e)-2.5 E (xport to subsequent commands via the en)-.15 E(vironment.)-.4 E .144 -(Using `+' instead of `\255' turns of)144 448.8 R 2.643(ft)-.25 G .143 +(Using `+' instead of `\255' turns of)144 662.4 R 2.643(ft)-.25 G .143 (he attrib)-2.643 F .143(ute instead, with the e)-.2 F .143 (xceptions that)-.15 F F1(+a)2.643 E F0(and)2.643 E F1(+A)2.643 E F0 -.143(may not)2.643 F .578(be used to destro)144 460.8 R 3.079(ya)-.1 G +.143(may not)2.643 F .578(be used to destro)144 674.4 R 3.079(ya)-.1 G .579(rray v)-3.079 F .579(ariables and)-.25 F F1(+r)3.079 E F0 .579 (will not remo)3.079 F .879 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .579(he readonly attrib).15 -F 3.079(ute. When)-.2 F .579(used in a)3.079 F(function,)144 472.8 Q F1 +F 3.079(ute. When)-.2 F .579(used in a)3.079 F(function,)144 686.4 Q F1 (declar)3.544 E(e)-.18 E F0(and)3.544 E F1(typeset)3.544 E F0(mak)3.544 E 3.544(ee)-.1 G(ach)-3.544 E F2(name)3.543 E F0 1.043 (local, as with the)3.543 F F1(local)3.543 E F0 1.043 (command, unless the)3.543 F F13.543 E F0 1.205 -(option is supplied.)144 484.8 R 1.205(If a v)6.205 F 1.205 +(option is supplied.)144 698.4 R 1.205(If a v)6.205 F 1.205 (ariable name is follo)-.25 F 1.205(wed by =)-.25 F F2(value)A F0 3.705 (,t)C 1.205(he v)-3.705 F 1.205(alue of the v)-.25 F 1.205 -(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(value)144 496.8 Q F0 5.218(.W)C .218 +(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(value)144 710.4 Q F0 5.218(.W)C .218 (hen using)-5.218 F F12.718 E F0(or)2.718 E F12.718 E F0 .217(and the compound assignment syntax to create array v)2.717 F .217 -(ariables, addi-)-.25 F .882(tional attrib)144 508.8 R .882 +(ariables, addi-)-.25 F .882(tional attrib)144 722.4 R .882 (utes do not tak)-.2 F 3.382(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-3.382 G .882 (ect until subsequent assignments.).25 F .882(The return v)5.882 F .882 -(alue is 0 unless an)-.25 F(in)144 520.8 Q -.25(va)-.4 G .366(lid optio\ -n is encountered, an attempt is made to de\214ne a function using).25 F -/F4 10/Courier@0 SF .365(\255f foo=bar)2.865 F F0 2.865(,a)C 2.865(na) --2.865 G(t-)-2.865 E .548(tempt is made to assign a v)144 532.8 R .548 -(alue to a readonly v)-.25 F .549 -(ariable, an attempt is made to assign a v)-.25 F .549(alue to an)-.25 F -1.749(array v)144 544.8 R 1.749 -(ariable without using the compound assignment syntax \(see)-.25 F F1 -(Arrays)4.248 E F0(abo)4.248 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.748(\), one of the).15 F -F2(names)144 556.8 Q F0 .359(is not a v)2.858 F .359(alid shell v)-.25 F -.359(ariable name, an attempt is made to turn of)-.25 F 2.859(fr)-.25 G -.359(eadonly status for a read-)-2.859 F 1.213(only v)144 568.8 R 1.213 +(alue is 0 unless an)-.25 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 February 10) +139.29 E(64)188.45 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 65 65 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(in)144 84 Q -.25 +(va)-.4 G .366(lid option is encountered, an attempt is made to de\214n\ +e a function using).25 F/F1 10/Courier@0 SF .365(\255f foo=bar)2.865 F +F0 2.865(,a)C 2.865(na)-2.865 G(t-)-2.865 E .548 +(tempt is made to assign a v)144 96 R .548(alue to a readonly v)-.25 F +.549(ariable, an attempt is made to assign a v)-.25 F .549(alue to an) +-.25 F 1.749(array v)144 108 R 1.749 +(ariable without using the compound assignment syntax \(see)-.25 F/F2 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(Arrays)4.248 E F0(abo)4.248 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.748 +(\), one of the).15 F/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(names)144 120 Q F0 .359 +(is not a v)2.858 F .359(alid shell v)-.25 F .359 +(ariable name, an attempt is made to turn of)-.25 F 2.859(fr)-.25 G .359 +(eadonly status for a read-)-2.859 F 1.213(only v)144 132 R 1.213 (ariable, an attempt is made to turn of)-.25 F 3.713(fa)-.25 G 1.213 (rray status for an array v)-3.713 F 1.212(ariable, or an attempt is) --.25 F(made to display a non-e)144 580.8 Q(xistent function with)-.15 E -F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(dirs [\255clpv] [+)108 597.6 Q F2(n)A F1 2.5(][) -C-2.5 E F2(n)A F1(])A F0 -.4(Wi)144 609.6 S .328 +-.25 F(made to display a non-e)144 144 Q(xistent function with)-.15 E F2 +2.5 E F0(.)A F2(dirs [\255clpv] [+)108 160.8 Q F3(n)A F2 2.5(][)C +-2.5 E F3(n)A F2(])A F0 -.4(Wi)144 172.8 S .328 (thout options, displays the list of currently remembered directories.) .4 F .329(The def)5.329 F .329(ault display is on a)-.1 F 1.238 -(single line with directory names separated by spaces.)144 621.6 R 1.238 -(Directories are added to the list with the)6.238 F F1(pushd)144 633.6 Q -F0 .927(command; the)3.427 F F1(popd)3.428 E F0 .928(command remo)3.428 +(single line with directory names separated by spaces.)144 184.8 R 1.238 +(Directories are added to the list with the)6.238 F F2(pushd)144 196.8 Q +F0 .927(command; the)3.427 F F2(popd)3.428 E F0 .928(command remo)3.428 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.428(se).15 G .928(ntries from the list.)-3.428 F .928 -(The current directory is al-)5.928 F -.1(wa)144 645.6 S -(ys the \214rst directory in the stack.).1 E F1144 657.6 Q F0 -(Clears the directory stack by deleting all of the entries.)180 657.6 Q -F1144 669.6 Q F0 .882 -(Produces a listing using full pathnames; the def)180 669.6 R .881 +(The current directory is al-)5.928 F -.1(wa)144 208.8 S +(ys the \214rst directory in the stack.).1 E F2144 220.8 Q F0 +(Clears the directory stack by deleting all of the entries.)180 220.8 Q +F2144 232.8 Q F0 .882 +(Produces a listing using full pathnames; the def)180 232.8 R .881 (ault listing format uses a tilde to denote)-.1 F(the home directory)180 -681.6 Q(.)-.65 E F1144 693.6 Q F0 -(Print the directory stack with one entry per line.)180 693.6 Q F1 -144 705.6 Q F0 .272(Print the directory stack with one entry per line, \ -pre\214xing each entry with its inde)180 705.6 R 2.773(xi)-.15 G 2.773 -(nt)-2.773 G(he)-2.773 E(stack.)180 717.6 Q(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q -(2022 January 17)141.79 E(64)190.95 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 65 65 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(+)144 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0 1.565(Displays the)180 84 R -F2(n)4.065 E F0 1.565(th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B -1.564(wn by)-.25 F F1(dirs)4.064 E F0 1.564(when in)4.064 F -.2(vo)-.4 G --.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E(without options, starting with zero.)180 96 Q F1 -144 108 Q F2(n)A F0 1.194(Displays the)180 108 R F2(n)3.694 E F0 1.194 +244.8 Q(.)-.65 E F2144 256.8 Q F0 +(Print the directory stack with one entry per line.)180 256.8 Q F2 +144 268.8 Q F0 .272(Print the directory stack with one entry per line, \ +pre\214xing each entry with its inde)180 268.8 R 2.773(xi)-.15 G 2.773 +(nt)-2.773 G(he)-2.773 E(stack.)180 280.8 Q F2(+)144 292.8 Q F3(n)A F0 +1.565(Displays the)180 292.8 R F3(n)4.065 E F0 1.565 +(th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.564(wn by)-.25 F F2 +(dirs)4.064 E F0 1.564(when in)4.064 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E +(without options, starting with zero.)180 304.8 Q F2144 316.8 Q F3 +(n)A F0 1.194(Displays the)180 316.8 R F3(n)3.694 E F0 1.194 (th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.194(wn by)-.25 F -F1(dirs)3.694 E F0 1.194(when in)3.694 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E -(without options, starting with zero.)180 120 Q .258(The return v)144 -136.8 R .258(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .258 -(lid option is supplied or).25 F F2(n)2.758 E F0(inde)2.758 E -.15(xe) +F2(dirs)3.694 E F0 1.194(when in)3.694 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E +(without options, starting with zero.)180 328.8 Q .258(The return v)144 +345.6 R .258(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .258 +(lid option is supplied or).25 F F3(n)2.758 E F0(inde)2.758 E -.15(xe) -.15 G 2.758(sb).15 G -.15(ey)-2.758 G .258(ond the end of the direc-) -.15 F(tory stack.)144 148.8 Q F1(diso)108 165.6 Q(wn)-.1 E F0([)2.5 E F1 -(\255ar)A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(jobspec)-2.5 E F0 -(... |)2.5 E F2(pid)2.5 E F0(... ])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 177.6 S .121 -(thout options, remo).4 F .422 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(jobspec) +.15 F(tory stack.)144 357.6 Q F2(diso)108 374.4 Q(wn)-.1 E F0([)2.5 E F2 +(\255ar)A F0 2.5(][)C F2-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F3(jobspec)-2.5 E F0 +(... |)2.5 E F3(pid)2.5 E F0(... ])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 386.4 S .121 +(thout options, remo).4 F .422 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F3(jobspec) 4.362 E F0 .122(from the table of acti)2.932 F .422 -.15(ve j)-.25 H -2.622(obs. If).15 F F2(jobspec)4.362 E F0 .122(is not present, and)2.932 -F .096(neither the)144 189.6 R F12.596 E F0 .096(nor the)2.596 F -F12.596 E F0 .096(option is supplied, the)2.596 F F2(curr)2.596 E -.096(ent job)-.37 F F0 .096(is used.)2.596 F .096(If the)5.096 F F1 +2.622(obs. If).15 F F3(jobspec)4.362 E F0 .122(is not present, and)2.932 +F .096(neither the)144 398.4 R F22.596 E F0 .096(nor the)2.596 F +F22.596 E F0 .096(option is supplied, the)2.596 F F3(curr)2.596 E +.096(ent job)-.37 F F0 .096(is used.)2.596 F .096(If the)5.096 F F2 2.596 E F0 .096(option is gi)2.596 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .096(n, each) -.15 F F2(jobspec)145.74 201.6 Q F0 .585(is not remo)3.395 F -.15(ve)-.15 +.15 F F3(jobspec)145.74 410.4 Q F0 .585(is not remo)3.395 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.085(df).15 G .585(rom the table, b)-3.085 F .585(ut is mark)-.2 F -.585(ed so that)-.1 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGHUP)3.085 E F0 .586 -(is not sent to the job if the)2.835 F .962(shell recei)144 213.6 R -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 3.462(sa).15 G F3(SIGHUP)A/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .962 -(If no)5.462 F F2(jobspec)5.202 E F0 .962(is supplied, the)3.772 F F1 +.585(ed so that)-.1 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGHUP)3.085 E F0 .586 +(is not sent to the job if the)2.835 F .962(shell recei)144 422.4 R -.15 +(ve)-.25 G 3.462(sa).15 G F4(SIGHUP)A/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .962 +(If no)5.462 F F3(jobspec)5.202 E F0 .962(is supplied, the)3.772 F F2 3.462 E F0 .962(option means to remo)3.462 F 1.262 -.15(ve o)-.15 -H 3.462(rm).15 G .962(ark all)-3.462 F 1.358(jobs; the)144 225.6 R F1 -3.858 E F0 1.358(option without a)3.858 F F2(jobspec)5.598 E F0 +H 3.462(rm).15 G .962(ark all)-3.462 F 1.358(jobs; the)144 434.4 R F2 +3.858 E F0 1.358(option without a)3.858 F F3(jobspec)5.598 E F0 (ar)4.169 E 1.359(gument restricts operation to running jobs.)-.18 F -1.359(The return)6.359 F -.25(va)144 237.6 S(lue is 0 unless a).25 E F2 +1.359(The return)6.359 F -.25(va)144 446.4 S(lue is 0 unless a).25 E F3 (jobspec)4.24 E F0(does not specify a v)2.81 E(alid job)-.25 E(.)-.4 E -F1(echo)108 254.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255neE)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g) --.37 E F0(...])2.5 E .425(Output the)144 266.4 R F2(ar)2.925 E(g)-.37 E +F2(echo)108 463.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255neE)A F0 2.5(][)C F3(ar)-2.5 E(g) +-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E .425(Output the)144 475.2 R F3(ar)2.925 E(g)-.37 E F0 .424(s, separated by spaces, follo)B .424(wed by a ne)-.25 F 2.924 (wline. The)-.25 F .424(return status is 0 unless a write)2.924 F .307 -(error occurs.)144 278.4 R(If)5.307 E F12.807 E F0 .307 +(error occurs.)144 487.2 R(If)5.307 E F22.807 E F0 .307 (is speci\214ed, the trailing ne)2.807 F .308(wline is suppressed.)-.25 -F .308(If the)5.308 F F12.808 E F0 .308(option is gi)2.808 F -.15 +F .308(If the)5.308 F F22.808 E F0 .308(option is gi)2.808 F -.15 (ve)-.25 G .308(n, inter).15 F(-)-.2 E .198(pretation of the follo)144 -290.4 R .198(wing backslash-escaped characters is enabled.)-.25 F(The) -5.198 E F12.698 E F0 .197(option disables the in-)2.697 F .067 -(terpretation of these escape characters, e)144 302.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G +499.2 R .198(wing backslash-escaped characters is enabled.)-.25 F(The) +5.198 E F22.698 E F0 .197(option disables the in-)2.697 F .067 +(terpretation of these escape characters, e)144 511.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.567(no).15 G 2.567(ns)-2.567 G .067(ystems where the)-2.567 F 2.567 -(ya)-.15 G .067(re interpreted by def)-2.567 F 2.568(ault. The)-.1 F F1 -(xpg_echo)144 314.4 Q F0 .602 +(ya)-.15 G .067(re interpreted by def)-2.567 F 2.568(ault. The)-.1 F F2 +(xpg_echo)144 523.2 Q F0 .602 (shell option may be used to dynamically determine whether or not)3.102 -F F1(echo)3.101 E F0 -.15(ex)3.101 G .601(pands these).15 F .658 -(escape characters by def)144 326.4 R(ault.)-.1 E F1(echo)5.658 E F0 -.659(does not interpret)3.159 F F13.159 E F0 .659 -(to mean the end of options.)3.159 F F1(echo)5.659 E F0(inter)3.159 E(-) --.2 E(prets the follo)144 338.4 Q(wing escape sequences:)-.25 E F1(\\a) -144 350.4 Q F0(alert \(bell\))180 350.4 Q F1(\\b)144 362.4 Q F0 -(backspace)180 362.4 Q F1(\\c)144 374.4 Q F0(suppress further output)180 -374.4 Q F1(\\e)144 386.4 Q(\\E)144 398.4 Q F0(an escape character)180 -398.4 Q F1(\\f)144 410.4 Q F0(form feed)180 410.4 Q F1(\\n)144 422.4 Q -F0(ne)180 422.4 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(ine)-2.5 E F1(\\r)144 434.4 Q F0 -(carriage return)180 434.4 Q F1(\\t)144 446.4 Q F0(horizontal tab)180 -446.4 Q F1(\\v)144 458.4 Q F0 -.15(ve)180 458.4 S(rtical tab).15 E F1 -(\\\\)144 470.4 Q F0(backslash)180 470.4 Q F1(\\0)144 482.4 Q F2(nnn)A -F0(the eight-bit character whose v)180 482.4 Q(alue is the octal v)-.25 -E(alue)-.25 E F2(nnn)2.5 E F0(\(zero to three octal digits\))2.5 E F1 -(\\x)144 494.4 Q F2(HH)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)180 494.4 Q -(alue is the he)-.25 E(xadecimal v)-.15 E(alue)-.25 E F2(HH)2.5 E F0 -(\(one or tw)2.5 E 2.5(oh)-.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E F1 -(\\u)144 506.4 Q F2(HHHH)A F0 1.507 -(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 518.4 R 1.506 +F F2(echo)3.101 E F0 -.15(ex)3.101 G .601(pands these).15 F .658 +(escape characters by def)144 535.2 R(ault.)-.1 E F2(echo)5.658 E F0 +.659(does not interpret)3.159 F F23.159 E F0 .659 +(to mean the end of options.)3.159 F F2(echo)5.659 E F0(inter)3.159 E(-) +-.2 E(prets the follo)144 547.2 Q(wing escape sequences:)-.25 E F2(\\a) +144 559.2 Q F0(alert \(bell\))180 559.2 Q F2(\\b)144 571.2 Q F0 +(backspace)180 571.2 Q F2(\\c)144 583.2 Q F0(suppress further output)180 +583.2 Q F2(\\e)144 595.2 Q(\\E)144 607.2 Q F0(an escape character)180 +607.2 Q F2(\\f)144 619.2 Q F0(form feed)180 619.2 Q F2(\\n)144 631.2 Q +F0(ne)180 631.2 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(ine)-2.5 E F2(\\r)144 643.2 Q F0 +(carriage return)180 643.2 Q F2(\\t)144 655.2 Q F0(horizontal tab)180 +655.2 Q F2(\\v)144 667.2 Q F0 -.15(ve)180 667.2 S(rtical tab).15 E F2 +(\\\\)144 679.2 Q F0(backslash)180 679.2 Q F2(\\0)144 691.2 Q F3(nnn)A +F0(the eight-bit character whose v)180 691.2 Q(alue is the octal v)-.25 +E(alue)-.25 E F3(nnn)2.5 E F0(\(zero to three octal digits\))2.5 E F2 +(\\x)144 703.2 Q F3(HH)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)180 703.2 Q +(alue is the he)-.25 E(xadecimal v)-.15 E(alue)-.25 E F3(HH)2.5 E F0 +(\(one or tw)2.5 E 2.5(oh)-.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E +(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(65)188.45 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 66 66 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF(\\u)144 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(HHHH)A F0 1.507 +(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 96 R 1.506 (alue is the he)-.25 F 1.506(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHH) -4.006 E F0(\(one to four he)180 530.4 Q 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\))-2.5 E F1 -(\\U)144 542.4 Q F2(HHHHHHHH)A F0 .547 -(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 554.4 R .547 +4.006 E F0(\(one to four he)180 108 Q 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\))-2.5 E F1 +(\\U)144 120 Q F2(HHHHHHHH)A F0 .547 +(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 132 R .547 (alue is the he)-.25 F .548(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHHH-) -3.048 E(HHH)180 566.4 Q F0(\(one to eight he)2.5 E 2.5(xd)-.15 G -(igits\))-2.5 E F1(enable)108 583.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F0 2.5(][)C -F1(\255dnps)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0 2.5 -(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .278(Enable and disable b)144 595.2 R +3.048 E(HHH)180 144 Q F0(\(one to eight he)2.5 E 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\)) +-2.5 E F1(enable)108 160.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F0 2.5(][)C F1 +(\255dnps)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0 2.5 +(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .278(Enable and disable b)144 172.8 R .278(uiltin shell commands.)-.2 F .278(Disabling a b)5.278 F .278 (uiltin allo)-.2 F .278(ws a disk command which has)-.25 F .833 -(the same name as a shell b)144 607.2 R .834(uiltin to be e)-.2 F -.15 +(the same name as a shell b)144 184.8 R .834(uiltin to be e)-.2 F -.15 (xe)-.15 G .834(cuted without specifying a full pathname, e).15 F -.15 (ve)-.25 G 3.334(nt).15 G(hough)-3.334 E .99 -(the shell normally searches for b)144 619.2 R .989 +(the shell normally searches for b)144 196.8 R .989 (uiltins before disk commands.)-.2 F(If)5.989 E F13.489 E F0 .989 (is used, each)3.489 F F2(name)3.489 E F0 .989(is dis-)3.489 F .648 -(abled; otherwise,)144 631.2 R F2(names)3.148 E F0 .648(are enabled.) +(abled; otherwise,)144 208.8 R F2(names)3.148 E F0 .648(are enabled.) 3.148 F -.15(Fo)5.648 G 3.148(re).15 G .648(xample, to use the)-3.298 F -F1(test)3.148 E F0 .648(binary found via the)3.148 F F3 -.666(PA)3.148 G -(TH)-.189 E F0(in-)2.899 E .539(stead of the shell b)144 643.2 R .538 -(uiltin v)-.2 F .538(ersion, run)-.15 F/F5 10/Courier@0 SF .538 -(enable -n test)3.038 F F0 5.538(.T)C(he)-5.538 E F13.038 E F0 -.538(option means to load the ne)3.038 F(w)-.25 E -.2(bu)144 655.2 S +F1(test)3.148 E F0 .648(binary found via the)3.148 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 +SF -.666(PA)3.148 G(TH)-.189 E F0(in-)2.899 E .539(stead of the shell b) +144 220.8 R .538(uiltin v)-.2 F .538(ersion, run)-.15 F/F4 10/Courier@0 +SF .538(enable -n test)3.038 F F0 5.538(.T)C(he)-5.538 E F13.038 E +F0 .538(option means to load the ne)3.038 F(w)-.25 E -.2(bu)144 232.8 S 1.365(iltin command).2 F F2(name)4.225 E F0 1.365(from shared object) 4.045 F F2(\214lename)5.775 E F0 3.865(,o).18 G 3.865(ns)-3.865 G 1.365 (ystems that support dynamic loading.)-3.865 F .607(Bash will use the v) -144 667.2 R .606(alue of the)-.25 F F1 -.3(BA)3.106 G(SH_LO).3 E(AD)-.4 +144 244.8 R .606(alue of the)-.25 F F1 -.3(BA)3.106 G(SH_LO).3 E(AD)-.4 E(ABLES_P)-.35 E -.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0 -.25(va)3.106 G .606 (riable as a colon-separated list of).25 F .548 -(directories in which to search for)144 679.2 R F2(\214lename)3.048 E F0 +(directories in which to search for)144 256.8 R F2(\214lename)3.048 E F0 5.549(.T)C .549(he def)-5.549 F .549(ault is system-dependent.)-.1 F (The)5.549 E F13.049 E F0 .549(option will)3.049 F .547 -(delete a b)144 691.2 R .547(uiltin pre)-.2 F .547(viously loaded with) +(delete a b)144 268.8 R .547(uiltin pre)-.2 F .547(viously loaded with) -.25 F F13.047 E F0 5.547(.I)C 3.047(fn)-5.547 G(o)-3.047 E F2 (name)3.047 E F0(ar)3.047 E .547(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .546(n, or if the).15 F F13.046 E F0 .546(option is)3.046 F .545 -(supplied, a list of shell b)144 703.2 R .545(uiltins is printed.)-.2 F +(supplied, a list of shell b)144 280.8 R .545(uiltins is printed.)-.2 F -.4(Wi)5.545 G .545(th no other option ar).4 F .546 -(guments, the list consists of all)-.18 F .695(enabled shell b)144 715.2 +(guments, the list consists of all)-.18 F .695(enabled shell b)144 292.8 R 3.195(uiltins. If)-.2 F F13.195 E F0 .695 (is supplied, only disabled b)3.195 F .695(uiltins are printed.)-.2 F -(If)5.695 E F13.195 E F0 .695(is supplied, the)3.195 F 1.436 -(list printed includes all b)144 727.2 R 1.436 +(If)5.695 E F13.195 E F0 .695(is supplied, the)3.195 F .261 +(list printed includes all b)144 304.8 R .261 (uiltins, with an indication of whether or not each is enabled.)-.2 F -(If)6.437 E F13.937 E F0(is)3.937 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q -(2022 January 17)141.79 E(65)190.95 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 66 66 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .927 -(supplied, the output is restricted to the POSIX)144 84 R/F1 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(special)3.427 E F0 -.2(bu)3.427 G 3.427(iltins. If).2 -F .927(no options are supplied and a)3.427 F F1(name)144 96 Q F0 .254 -(is not a shell b)2.753 F(uiltin,)-.2 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(enable) -2.754 E F0 .254(will attempt to load)2.754 F F1(name)2.754 E F0 .254 -(from a shared object named)2.754 F F1(name)2.754 E F0 2.754(,a)C(s) --2.754 E .103(if the command were)144 108 R/F3 10/Courier@0 SF .103 -(enable \255f)2.603 F F1 .103(name name)2.603 F F0 5.103(.T)2.603 G .103 -(he return v)-5.103 F .102(alue is 0 unless a)-.25 F F1(name)2.962 E F0 -.102(is not a shell)2.782 F -.2(bu)144 120 S +(If)5.261 E F12.761 E F0 .262(is sup-)2.762 F .269 +(plied, the output is restricted to the POSIX)144 316.8 R F2(special) +2.768 E F0 -.2(bu)2.768 G 2.768(iltins. If).2 F .268 +(no options are supplied and a)2.768 F F2(name)2.768 E F0 .284 +(is not a shell b)144 328.8 R(uiltin,)-.2 E F1(enable)2.784 E F0 .284 +(will attempt to load)2.784 F F2(name)2.784 E F0 .284 +(from a shared object named)2.784 F F2(name)2.785 E F0 2.785(,a)C 2.785 +(si)-2.785 G 2.785(ft)-2.785 G(he)-2.785 E 1.41(command were)144 340.8 R +F4 1.41(enable \255f)3.91 F F2 1.41(name name)3.91 F F0 6.41(.T)3.91 G +1.41(he return v)-6.41 F 1.41(alue is 0 unless a)-.25 F F2(name)4.27 E +F0 1.41(is not a shell)4.09 F -.2(bu)144 352.8 S (iltin or there is an error loading a ne).2 E 2.5(wb)-.25 G -(uiltin from a shared object.)-2.7 E F2 -2.3 -.15(ev a)108 136.8 T(l).15 -E F0([)2.5 E F1(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(The)144 148.8 Q F1(ar)3.17 E +(uiltin from a shared object.)-2.7 E F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)108 369.6 T(l).15 +E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(The)144 381.6 Q F2(ar)3.17 E (g)-.37 E F0 3.17(sa)C .671 (re read and concatenated together into a single command.)-3.17 F .671 -(This command is then read)5.671 F .479(and e)144 160.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G +(This command is then read)5.671 F .479(and e)144 393.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .479(cuted by the shell, and its e).15 F .479 -(xit status is returned as the v)-.15 F .478(alue of)-.25 F F2 -2.3 -.15 +(xit status is returned as the v)-.15 F .478(alue of)-.25 F F1 -2.3 -.15 (ev a)2.978 H(l).15 E F0 5.478(.I)C 2.978(ft)-5.478 G .478(here are no) --2.978 F F1(ar)3.308 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E(or only null ar)144 172.8 Q -(guments,)-.18 E F2 -2.3 -.15(ev a)2.5 H(l).15 E F0(returns 0.)2.5 E F2 -(exec)108 189.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255cl)A F0 2.5(][)C F2-2.5 E F1 -(name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(command)-2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1(ar)A(guments) --.37 E F0(]])A(If)144 201.6 Q F1(command)3.005 E F0 .305 +-2.978 F F2(ar)3.308 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E(or only null ar)144 405.6 Q +(guments,)-.18 E F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)2.5 H(l).15 E F0(returns 0.)2.5 E F1 +(exec)108 422.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255cl)A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2 +(name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(command)-2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments) +-.37 E F0(]])A(If)144 434.4 Q F2(command)3.005 E F0 .305 (is speci\214ed, it replaces the shell.)3.575 F .305(No ne)5.305 F 2.805 -(wp)-.25 G .306(rocess is created.)-2.805 F(The)5.306 E F1(ar)3.136 E -(guments)-.37 E F0(become)3.076 E .177(the ar)144 213.6 R .177 -(guments to)-.18 F F1(command)2.676 E F0 5.176(.I)C 2.676(ft)-5.176 G -(he)-2.676 E F22.676 E F0 .176 +(wp)-.25 G .306(rocess is created.)-2.805 F(The)5.306 E F2(ar)3.136 E +(guments)-.37 E F0(become)3.076 E .177(the ar)144 446.4 R .177 +(guments to)-.18 F F2(command)2.676 E F0 5.176(.I)C 2.676(ft)-5.176 G +(he)-2.676 E F12.676 E F0 .176 (option is supplied, the shell places a dash at the be)2.676 F .176 -(ginning of)-.15 F .48(the zeroth ar)144 225.6 R .48(gument passed to) --.18 F F1(command)3.18 E F0 5.48(.T).77 G .48(his is what)-5.48 F F1(lo) -3.07 E(gin)-.1 E F0 .48(\(1\) does.).24 F(The)5.48 E F22.98 E F0 -.48(option causes)2.98 F F1(com-)3.18 E(mand)144 237.6 Q F0 .639 +(ginning of)-.15 F .48(the zeroth ar)144 458.4 R .48(gument passed to) +-.18 F F2(command)3.18 E F0 5.48(.T).77 G .48(his is what)-5.48 F F2(lo) +3.07 E(gin)-.1 E F0 .48(\(1\) does.).24 F(The)5.48 E F12.98 E F0 +.48(option causes)2.98 F F2(com-)3.18 E(mand)144 470.4 Q F0 .639 (to be e)3.909 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .638(cuted with an empty en).15 F 3.138 -(vironment. If)-.4 F F23.138 E F0 .638 -(is supplied, the shell passes)3.138 F F1(name)3.498 E F0 .638(as the) -3.318 F 1.077(zeroth ar)144 249.6 R 1.077(gument to the e)-.18 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G 1.077(cuted command.).15 F(If)6.077 E F1(command)3.777 E F0 +(vironment. If)-.4 F F13.138 E F0 .638 +(is supplied, the shell passes)3.138 F F2(name)3.498 E F0 .638(as the) +3.318 F 1.077(zeroth ar)144 482.4 R 1.077(gument to the e)-.18 F -.15 +(xe)-.15 G 1.077(cuted command.).15 F(If)6.077 E F2(command)3.777 E F0 1.077(cannot be e)4.347 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.077(cuted for some reason, a) -.15 F(non-interacti)144 261.6 Q .877 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .577(hell e).15 F -.577(xits, unless the)-.15 F F2(execfail)3.077 E F0 .577 +.15 F(non-interacti)144 494.4 Q .877 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .577(hell e).15 F +.577(xits, unless the)-.15 F F1(execfail)3.077 E F0 .577 (shell option is enabled.)3.077 F .576(In that case, it returns f)5.577 -F(ail-)-.1 E 3.32(ure. An)144 273.6 R(interacti)3.32 E 1.12 -.15(ve s) +F(ail-)-.1 E 3.32(ure. An)144 506.4 R(interacti)3.32 E 1.12 -.15(ve s) -.25 H .82(hell returns f).15 F .82(ailure if the \214le cannot be e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.32(cuted. A).15 F .82(subshell e)3.32 F .82 -(xits uncondi-)-.15 F .288(tionally if)144 285.6 R F2(exec)2.788 E F0 --.1(fa)2.788 G 2.788(ils. If).1 F F1(command)2.988 E F0 .288 +(xits uncondi-)-.15 F .288(tionally if)144 518.4 R F1(exec)2.788 E F0 +-.1(fa)2.788 G 2.788(ils. If).1 F F2(command)2.988 E F0 .288 (is not speci\214ed, an)3.558 F 2.787(yr)-.15 G .287(edirections tak) -2.787 F 2.787(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-2.787 G .287(ect in the current shell,) -.25 F(and the return status is 0.)144 297.6 Q +.25 F(and the return status is 0.)144 530.4 Q (If there is a redirection error)5 E 2.5(,t)-.4 G -(he return status is 1.)-2.5 E F2(exit)108 314.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(n)A F0 -(])A .095(Cause the shell to e)144 314.4 R .095(xit with a status of) --.15 F F1(n)2.595 E F0 5.095(.I)C(f)-5.095 E F1(n)2.955 E F0 .096 +(he return status is 1.)-2.5 E F1(exit)108 547.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0 +(])A .095(Cause the shell to e)144 547.2 R .095(xit with a status of) +-.15 F F2(n)2.595 E F0 5.095(.I)C(f)-5.095 E F2(n)2.955 E F0 .096 (is omitted, the e)2.835 F .096(xit status is that of the last command) --.15 F -.15(exe)144 326.4 S 2.5(cuted. A).15 F(trap on)2.5 E/F4 9 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(EXIT)2.5 E F0(is e)2.25 E -.15(xe)-.15 G -(cuted before the shell terminates.).15 E F2(export)108 343.2 Q F0([)2.5 -E F2(\255fn)A F0 2.5(][).833 G F1(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E -F0(]] ...)A F2(export \255p)108 355.2 Q F0 .257(The supplied)144 367.2 R -F1(names)3.117 E F0 .257(are mark)3.027 F .257(ed for automatic e)-.1 F -.257(xport to the en)-.15 F .257(vironment of subsequently e)-.4 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E 2.626(commands. If)144 379.2 R(the)2.626 E F2 -2.626 E F0 .127(option is gi)2.627 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .127(n, the) -.15 F F1(names)2.987 E F0 .127(refer to functions.)2.897 F .127(If no) -5.127 F F1(names)2.987 E F0 .127(are gi)2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .127 -(n, or if the).15 F F2144 391.2 Q F0 .048 -(option is supplied, a list of names of all e)2.548 F .048(xported v) --.15 F .048(ariables is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.048 E F22.547 E F0 -.047(option causes the)2.547 F -.15(ex)144 403.2 S 1.446 +-.15 F -.15(exe)144 559.2 S 2.5(cuted. A).15 F(trap on)2.5 E F3(EXIT)2.5 +E F0(is e)2.25 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted before the shell terminates.).15 E +F1(export)108 576 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255fn)A F0 2.5(][).833 G F2(name)-2.5 +E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(]] ...)A F1(export \255p)108 588 Q F0 +.257(The supplied)144 600 R F2(names)3.117 E F0 .257(are mark)3.027 F +.257(ed for automatic e)-.1 F .257(xport to the en)-.15 F .257 +(vironment of subsequently e)-.4 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E 2.626 +(commands. If)144 612 R(the)2.626 E F12.626 E F0 .127 +(option is gi)2.627 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .127(n, the).15 F F2(names)2.987 E +F0 .127(refer to functions.)2.897 F .127(If no)5.127 F F2(names)2.987 E +F0 .127(are gi)2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .127(n, or if the).15 F F1 +144 624 Q F0 .048(option is supplied, a list of names of all e)2.548 F +.048(xported v)-.15 F .048(ariables is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.048 E F1 +2.547 E F0 .047(option causes the)2.547 F -.15(ex)144 636 S 1.446 (port property to be remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.947(df).15 G 1.447 -(rom each)-3.947 F F1(name)3.947 E F0 6.447(.I)C 3.947(fav)-6.447 G -1.447(ariable name is follo)-4.197 F 1.447(wed by =)-.25 F F1(wor)A(d) --.37 E F0 3.947(,t)C(he)-3.947 E -.25(va)144 415.2 S .742(lue of the v) -.25 F .742(ariable is set to)-.25 F F1(wor)3.242 E(d)-.37 E F0(.)A F2 +(rom each)-3.947 F F2(name)3.947 E F0 6.447(.I)C 3.947(fav)-6.447 G +1.447(ariable name is follo)-4.197 F 1.447(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d) +-.37 E F0 3.947(,t)C(he)-3.947 E -.25(va)144 648 S .742(lue of the v).25 +F .742(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)3.242 E(d)-.37 E F0(.)A F1 (export)5.742 E F0 .742(returns an e)3.242 F .741 (xit status of 0 unless an in)-.15 F -.25(va)-.4 G .741(lid option is) -.25 F .031(encountered, one of the)144 427.2 R F1(names)2.531 E F0 .031 +.25 F .031(encountered, one of the)144 660 R F2(names)2.531 E F0 .031 (is not a v)2.531 F .032(alid shell v)-.25 F .032(ariable name, or)-.25 -F F22.532 E F0 .032(is supplied with a)2.532 F F1(name)2.892 E F0 -(that)2.712 E(is not a function.)144 439.2 Q F2(fc)108 456 Q F0([)2.5 E -F2A F1(ename)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(\255lnr)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1 -<8c72>-2.5 E(st)-.1 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(last)-2.5 E F0(])A F2(fc \255s)108 -468 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(pat)A F0(=)A F1 -.37(re)C(p).37 E F0 2.5(][)C F1 +F F12.532 E F0 .032(is supplied with a)2.532 F F2(name)2.892 E F0 +(that)2.712 E(is not a function.)144 672 Q F1(fc)108 688.8 Q F0([)2.5 E +F1A F2(ename)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255lnr)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2 +<8c72>-2.5 E(st)-.1 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(last)-2.5 E F0(])A F1(fc \255s)108 +700.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(pat)A F0(=)A F2 -.37(re)C(p).37 E F0 2.5(][)C F2 (cmd)-2.5 E F0(])A .432 -(The \214rst form selects a range of commands from)144 480 R F1<8c72> -4.842 E(st)-.1 E F0(to)3.612 E F1(last)3.022 E F0 .431 +(The \214rst form selects a range of commands from)144 712.8 R F2<8c72> +4.842 E(st)-.1 E F0(to)3.612 E F2(last)3.022 E F0 .431 (from the history list and displays or)3.612 F .141(edits and re-e)144 -492 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .141(cutes them.).15 F F1 -.45(Fi)5.141 G -.1(rs) -.45 G(t).1 E F0(and)3.321 E F1(last)2.731 E F0 .141 -(may be speci\214ed as a string \(to locate the last command)3.321 F(be) -144 504 Q .311(ginning with that string\) or as a number \(an inde)-.15 -F 2.811(xi)-.15 G .31(nto the history list, where a ne)-2.811 F -.05(ga) --.15 G(ti).05 E .61 -.15(ve n)-.25 H(umber).15 E .071(is used as an of) -144 516 R .071(fset from the current command number\).)-.25 F .071 -(When listing, a)5.071 F F1<8c72>2.571 E(st)-.1 E F0(or)2.571 E F1(last) -2.571 E F0 .071(of 0 is equi)2.571 F -.25(va)-.25 G(-).25 E .653 -(lent to \2551 and \2550 is equi)144 528 R -.25(va)-.25 G .653 -(lent to the current command \(usually the).25 F F2(fc)3.153 E F0 .653 -(command\); otherwise 0 is)3.153 F(equi)144 540 Q -.25(va)-.25 G .242 -(lent to \2551 and \2550 is in).25 F -.25(va)-.4 G 2.742(lid. If).25 F -F1(last)2.832 E F0 .242 +724.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .141(cutes them.).15 F F2 -.45(Fi)5.141 G -.1(rs) +.45 G(t).1 E F0(and)3.321 E F2(last)2.731 E F0 .141 +(may be speci\214ed as a string \(to locate the last command)3.321 F +(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(66)188.45 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 67 67 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(be)144 84 Q .311 +(ginning with that string\) or as a number \(an inde)-.15 F 2.811(xi) +-.15 G .31(nto the history list, where a ne)-2.811 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti) +.05 E .61 -.15(ve n)-.25 H(umber).15 E .071(is used as an of)144 96 R +.071(fset from the current command number\).)-.25 F .071 +(When listing, a)5.071 F/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF<8c72>2.571 E(st)-.1 E +F0(or)2.571 E F1(last)2.571 E F0 .071(of 0 is equi)2.571 F -.25(va)-.25 +G(-).25 E .653(lent to \2551 and \2550 is equi)144 108 R -.25(va)-.25 G +.653(lent to the current command \(usually the).25 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF(fc)3.153 E F0 .653(command\); otherwise 0 is)3.153 F(equi)144 120 Q +-.25(va)-.25 G .242(lent to \2551 and \2550 is in).25 F -.25(va)-.4 G +2.742(lid. If).25 F F1(last)2.832 E F0 .242 (is not speci\214ed, it is set to the current command for list-)3.422 F -.093(ing \(so that)144 552 R F3 .093(fc \255l \25510)2.593 F F0 .093 -(prints the last 10 commands\) and to)2.593 F F1<8c72>4.502 E(st)-.1 E -F0 2.592(otherwise. If)3.272 F F1<8c72>4.502 E(st)-.1 E F0 .092 -(is not speci-)3.272 F(\214ed, it is set to the pre)144 564 Q -(vious command for editing and \25516 for listing.)-.25 E(The)144 588 Q +.093(ing \(so that)144 132 R/F3 10/Courier@0 SF .093(fc \255l \25510) +2.593 F F0 .093(prints the last 10 commands\) and to)2.593 F F1<8c72> +4.502 E(st)-.1 E F0 2.592(otherwise. If)3.272 F F1<8c72>4.502 E(st)-.1 E +F0 .092(is not speci-)3.272 F(\214ed, it is set to the pre)144 144 Q +(vious command for editing and \25516 for listing.)-.25 E(The)144 168 Q F22.522 E F0 .022 (option suppresses the command numbers when listing.)2.522 F(The)5.022 E F22.522 E F0 .022(option re)2.522 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .022 -(rses the order of).15 F .438(the commands.)144 600 R .438(If the)5.438 +(rses the order of).15 F .438(the commands.)144 180 R .438(If the)5.438 F F22.938 E F0 .438(option is gi)2.938 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .438 (n, the commands are listed on standard output.).15 F(Otherwise,)5.438 E -.334(the editor gi)144 612 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.834(nb).15 G(y)-2.834 E F1 +.334(the editor gi)144 192 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.834(nb).15 G(y)-2.834 E F1 (ename)3.024 E F0 .335(is in)3.014 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.835(do) .1 G 2.835(na\214)-2.835 G .335(le containing those commands.)-2.835 F (If)5.335 E F1(ename)3.025 E F0 .335(is not gi)3.015 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -(n,).15 E .631(the v)144 624 R .631(alue of the)-.25 F F4(FCEDIT)3.131 E -F0 -.25(va)2.881 G .631(riable is used, and the v).25 F .631(alue of) --.25 F F4(EDIT)3.131 E(OR)-.162 E F0(if)2.881 E F4(FCEDIT)3.13 E F0 .63 -(is not set.)2.88 F .63(If nei-)5.63 F .005(ther v)144 636 R .005 -(ariable is set,)-.25 F F1(vi)4.171 E F0 .005(is used.)4.171 F .005 +(n,).15 E .631(the v)144 204 R .631(alue of the)-.25 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 +SF(FCEDIT)3.131 E F0 -.25(va)2.881 G .631(riable is used, and the v).25 +F .631(alue of)-.25 F F4(EDIT)3.131 E(OR)-.162 E F0(if)2.881 E F4 +(FCEDIT)3.13 E F0 .63(is not set.)2.88 F .63(If nei-)5.63 F .005(ther v) +144 216 R .005(ariable is set,)-.25 F F1(vi)4.171 E F0 .005(is used.) +4.171 F .005 (When editing is complete, the edited commands are echoed and e)5.005 F -(x-)-.15 E(ecuted.)144 648 Q .789(In the second form,)144 672 R F1 +(x-)-.15 E(ecuted.)144 228 Q .789(In the second form,)144 252 R F1 (command)3.288 E F0 .788(is re-e)3.288 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .788 (cuted after each instance of).15 F F1(pat)3.288 E F0 .788 (is replaced by)3.288 F F1 -.37(re)3.288 G(p).37 E F0(.)A F1(Com-)5.788 -E(mand)144 684 Q F0 .171(is interpreted the same as)2.671 F F1<8c72> +E(mand)144 264 Q F0 .171(is interpreted the same as)2.671 F F1<8c72> 2.671 E(st)-.1 E F0(abo)2.671 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.171(.A).15 G .172 (useful alias to use with this is)-2.499 F F3 .172(r='fc \255s')2.672 F -F0 2.672(,s)C 2.672(ot)-2.672 G(hat)-2.672 E(typing)144 696 Q F3 7.166 +F0 2.672(,s)C 2.672(ot)-2.672 G(hat)-2.672 E(typing)144 276 Q F3 7.166 (rc)3.666 G(c)-7.166 E F0 1.166(runs the last command be)3.666 F 1.166 (ginning with)-.15 F F3(cc)3.666 E F0 1.165(and typing)3.666 F F3(r) 3.665 E F0(re-e)3.665 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.165(cutes the last com-).15 F -(mand.)144 708 Q(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 January 17)141.79 E(66) -190.95 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 67 67 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .142 -(If the \214rst form is used, the return v)144 84 R .142 -(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .142 -(lid option is encountered or).25 F/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF<8c72>4.552 E -(st)-.1 E F0(or)3.322 E F1(last)2.732 E F0 .455 -(specify history lines out of range.)144 96 R .454(If the)5.454 F/F2 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF2.954 E F0 .454(option is supplied, the return v) -2.954 F .454(alue is the v)-.25 F .454(alue of the)-.25 F .787 -(last command e)144 108 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .787(cuted or f).15 F .788 +(mand.)144 288 Q .142(If the \214rst form is used, the return v)144 312 +R .142(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .142 +(lid option is encountered or).25 F F1<8c72>4.552 E(st)-.1 E F0(or)3.322 +E F1(last)2.732 E F0 .455(specify history lines out of range.)144 324 R +.454(If the)5.454 F F22.954 E F0 .454 +(option is supplied, the return v)2.954 F .454(alue is the v)-.25 F .454 +(alue of the)-.25 F .787(last command e)144 336 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .787 +(cuted or f).15 F .788 (ailure if an error occurs with the temporary \214le of commands.)-.1 F .788(If the)5.788 F 1.136 (second form is used, the return status is that of the command re-e)144 -120 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.135(cuted, unless).15 F F1(cmd)3.835 E F0 1.135 -(does not)4.405 F(specify a v)144 132 Q +348 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.135(cuted, unless).15 F F1(cmd)3.835 E F0 1.135 +(does not)4.405 F(specify a v)144 360 Q (alid history line, in which case)-.25 E F2(fc)2.5 E F0(returns f)2.5 E -(ailure.)-.1 E F2(fg)108 148.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(jobspec)A F0(])A(Resume) -144 160.8 Q F1(jobspec)5.653 E F0 1.413(in the fore)4.223 F 1.413 +(ailure.)-.1 E F2(fg)108 376.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(jobspec)A F0(])A(Resume) +144 388.8 Q F1(jobspec)5.653 E F0 1.413(in the fore)4.223 F 1.413 (ground, and mak)-.15 F 3.913(ei)-.1 G 3.913(tt)-3.913 G 1.413 (he current job)-3.913 F 6.413(.I)-.4 G(f)-6.413 E F1(jobspec)5.653 E F0 -1.414(is not present, the)4.223 F(shell')144 172.8 Q 3.117(sn)-.55 G +1.414(is not present, the)4.223 F(shell')144 400.8 Q 3.117(sn)-.55 G .617(otion of the)-3.117 F F1(curr)3.117 E .617(ent job)-.37 F F0 .617 (is used.)3.117 F .617(The return v)5.617 F .616 -(alue is that of the command placed into the)-.25 F(fore)144 184.8 Q +(alue is that of the command placed into the)-.25 F(fore)144 412.8 Q .362(ground, or f)-.15 F .362 (ailure if run when job control is disabled or)-.1 F 2.862(,w)-.4 G .363 -(hen run with job control enabled, if)-2.862 F F1(jobspec)145.74 196.8 Q +(hen run with job control enabled, if)-2.862 F F1(jobspec)145.74 424.8 Q F0(does not specify a v)2.81 E(alid job or)-.25 E F1(jobspec)4.24 E F0 (speci\214es a job that w)2.81 E(as started without job control.)-.1 E -F2(getopts)108 213.6 Q F1(optstring name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1(ar)A 2.5 -(g.)-.37 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A F2(getopts)144 225.6 Q F0 .793 +F2(getopts)108 441.6 Q F1(optstring name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1(ar)A 2.5 +(g.)-.37 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A F2(getopts)144 453.6 Q F0 .793 (is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters.)3.294 F F1 (optstring)6.023 E F0 .793(contains the option)3.513 F .149 -(characters to be recognized; if a character is follo)144 237.6 R .15 +(characters to be recognized; if a character is follo)144 465.6 R .15 (wed by a colon, the option is e)-.25 F .15(xpected to ha)-.15 F .45 --.15(ve a)-.2 H(n).15 E(ar)144 249.6 Q .579 +-.15(ve a)-.2 H(n).15 E(ar)144 477.6 Q .579 (gument, which should be separated from it by white space.)-.18 F .578 (The colon and question mark char)5.579 F(-)-.2 E .636 -(acters may not be used as option characters.)144 261.6 R .636 +(acters may not be used as option characters.)144 489.6 R .636 (Each time it is in)5.636 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d,).1 E F2(getopts) 3.136 E F0 .636(places the ne)3.136 F .636(xt op-)-.15 F .03 -(tion in the shell v)144 273.6 R(ariable)-.25 E F1(name)2.89 E F0 2.53 +(tion in the shell v)144 501.6 R(ariable)-.25 E F1(name)2.89 E F0 2.53 (,i).18 G(nitializing)-2.53 E F1(name)2.89 E F0 .029(if it does not e) 2.71 F .029(xist, and the inde)-.15 F 2.529(xo)-.15 G 2.529(ft)-2.529 G .029(he ne)-2.529 F .029(xt ar)-.15 F(gu-)-.18 E .065 -(ment to be processed into the v)144 285.6 R(ariable)-.25 E/F3 9 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(OPTIND)2.565 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F3(OPTIND) -4.565 E F0 .066(is initialized to 1 each time the shell or a)2.315 F -.885(shell script is in)144 297.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.385 -(d. When).1 F .885(an option requires an ar)3.385 F(gument,)-.18 E F2 -(getopts)3.385 E F0 .885(places that ar)3.385 F .885(gument into)-.18 F -.566(the v)144 309.6 R(ariable)-.25 E F3(OPT)3.066 E(ARG)-.81 E F4(.)A -F0 .566(The shell does not reset)5.066 F F3(OPTIND)3.066 E F0 .567 +(ment to be processed into the v)144 513.6 R(ariable)-.25 E F4(OPTIND) +2.565 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F4(OPTIND)4.565 E F0 .066 +(is initialized to 1 each time the shell or a)2.315 F .885 +(shell script is in)144 525.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.385(d. When) +.1 F .885(an option requires an ar)3.385 F(gument,)-.18 E F2(getopts) +3.385 E F0 .885(places that ar)3.385 F .885(gument into)-.18 F .566 +(the v)144 537.6 R(ariable)-.25 E F4(OPT)3.066 E(ARG)-.81 E F5(.)A F0 +.566(The shell does not reset)5.066 F F4(OPTIND)3.066 E F0 .567 (automatically; it must be manually reset)2.816 F .39 -(between multiple calls to)144 321.6 R F2(getopts)2.89 E F0 .39 +(between multiple calls to)144 549.6 R F2(getopts)2.89 E F0 .39 (within the same shell in)2.89 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .389(cation if a ne).2 F -2.889(ws)-.25 G .389(et of parameters is to)-2.889 F(be used.)144 333.6 -Q 2.043(When the end of options is encountered,)144 357.6 R F2(getopts) +2.889(ws)-.25 G .389(et of parameters is to)-2.889 F(be used.)144 561.6 +Q 2.043(When the end of options is encountered,)144 585.6 R F2(getopts) 4.543 E F0 -.15(ex)4.543 G 2.043(its with a return v).15 F 2.044 -(alue greater than zero.)-.25 F F3(OPTIND)144 369.6 Q F0 +(alue greater than zero.)-.25 F F4(OPTIND)144 597.6 Q F0 (is set to the inde)2.25 E 2.5(xo)-.15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G (he \214rst non-option ar)-2.5 E(gument, and)-.18 E F1(name)2.5 E F0 -(is set to ?.)2.5 E F2(getopts)144 393.6 Q F0 .485 +(is set to ?.)2.5 E F2(getopts)144 621.6 Q F0 .485 (normally parses the positional parameters, b)2.985 F .485 (ut if more ar)-.2 F .485(guments are supplied as)-.18 F F1(ar)3.315 E -(g)-.37 E F0 -.25(va)3.205 G(l-).25 E(ues,)144 405.6 Q F2(getopts)2.5 E -F0(parses those instead.)2.5 E F2(getopts)144 429.6 Q F0 .345 +(g)-.37 E F0 -.25(va)3.205 G(l-).25 E(ues,)144 633.6 Q F2(getopts)2.5 E +F0(parses those instead.)2.5 E F2(getopts)144 657.6 Q F0 .345 (can report errors in tw)2.845 F 2.845(ow)-.1 G 2.845(ays. If)-2.945 F .345(the \214rst character of)2.845 F F1(optstring)3.075 E F0 .345 (is a colon,)3.065 F F1(silent)3.185 E F0 .345(error re-)3.525 F 1.669 -(porting is used.)144 441.6 R 1.668 +(porting is used.)144 669.6 R 1.668 (In normal operation, diagnostic messages are printed when in)6.669 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.668(lid options or).25 F .393(missing option ar)144 -453.6 R .393(guments are encountered.)-.18 F .394(If the v)5.394 F -(ariable)-.25 E F3(OPTERR)2.894 E F0 .394 -(is set to 0, no error messages)2.644 F(will be displayed, e)144 465.6 Q +681.6 R .393(guments are encountered.)-.18 F .394(If the v)5.394 F +(ariable)-.25 E F4(OPTERR)2.894 E F0 .394 +(is set to 0, no error messages)2.644 F(will be displayed, e)144 693.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he \214rst character of)-2.5 E -F1(optstring)2.73 E F0(is not a colon.)2.72 E .667(If an in)144 489.6 R +F1(optstring)2.73 E F0(is not a colon.)2.72 E .667(If an in)144 717.6 R -.25(va)-.4 G .667(lid option is seen,).25 F F2(getopts)3.167 E F0 .667 (places ? into)3.167 F F1(name)3.527 E F0 .666 (and, if not silent, prints an error message)3.347 F .399(and unsets)144 -501.6 R F3(OPT)2.899 E(ARG)-.81 E F4(.)A F0(If)4.899 E F2(getopts)2.899 -E F0 .399(is silent, the option character found is placed in)2.899 F F3 -(OPT)2.899 E(ARG)-.81 E F0 .4(and no)2.65 F -(diagnostic message is printed.)144 513.6 Q 1.242(If a required ar)144 -537.6 R 1.242(gument is not found, and)-.18 F F2(getopts)3.741 E F0 -1.241(is not silent, a question mark \()3.741 F F2(?).833 E F0 3.741 -(\)i).833 G 3.741(sp)-3.741 G 1.241(laced in)-3.741 F F1(name)144.36 -549.6 Q F0(,).18 E F3(OPT)2.713 E(ARG)-.81 E F0 .213 -(is unset, and a diagnostic message is printed.)2.463 F(If)5.213 E F2 -(getopts)2.713 E F0 .213(is silent, then a colon \()2.713 F F2(:).833 E -F0(\)).833 E(is placed in)144 561.6 Q F1(name)2.86 E F0(and)2.68 E F3 -(OPT)2.5 E(ARG)-.81 E F0(is set to the option character found.)2.25 E F2 -(getopts)144 585.6 Q F0 .902 +729.6 R F4(OPT)2.899 E(ARG)-.81 E F5(.)A F0(If)4.899 E F2(getopts)2.899 +E F0 .399(is silent, the option character found is placed in)2.899 F F4 +(OPT)2.899 E(ARG)-.81 E F0 .4(and no)2.65 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q +(2022 February 10)139.29 E(67)188.45 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 68 68 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E +(diagnostic message is printed.)144 84 Q 1.242(If a required ar)144 108 +R 1.242(gument is not found, and)-.18 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(getopts) +3.741 E F0 1.241(is not silent, a question mark \()3.741 F F1(?).833 E +F0 3.741(\)i).833 G 3.741(sp)-3.741 G 1.241(laced in)-3.741 F/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)144.36 120 Q F0(,).18 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF +(OPT)2.713 E(ARG)-.81 E F0 .213 +(is unset, and a diagnostic message is printed.)2.463 F(If)5.213 E F1 +(getopts)2.713 E F0 .213(is silent, then a colon \()2.713 F F1(:).833 E +F0(\)).833 E(is placed in)144 132 Q F2(name)2.86 E F0(and)2.68 E F3(OPT) +2.5 E(ARG)-.81 E F0(is set to the option character found.)2.25 E F1 +(getopts)144 156 Q F0 .902 (returns true if an option, speci\214ed or unspeci\214ed, is found.) 3.402 F .902(It returns f)5.902 F .901(alse if the end of)-.1 F -(options is encountered or an error occurs.)144 597.6 Q F2(hash)108 -614.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255lr)A F0 2.5(][)C F2-2.5 E F1(\214lename) -2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(\255dt)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0(])A -.858(Each time)144 626.4 R F2(hash)3.358 E F0 .858(is in)3.358 F -.2(vo) --.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .858(d, the full pathname of the command).1 F F1(name) +(options is encountered or an error occurs.)144 168 Q F1(hash)108 184.8 +Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lr)A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E +F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255dt)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(])A .858 +(Each time)144 196.8 R F1(hash)3.358 E F0 .858(is in)3.358 F -.2(vo)-.4 +G -.1(ke).2 G .858(d, the full pathname of the command).1 F F2(name) 3.718 E F0 .858(is determined by searching)3.538 F .956 -(the directories in)144 638.4 R F2($P)3.456 E -.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0 +(the directories in)144 208.8 R F1($P)3.456 E -.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0 .956(and remembered.)3.456 F(An)5.956 E 3.456(yp)-.15 G(re)-3.456 E .956 -(viously-remembered pathname is discarded.)-.25 F .242(If the)144 650.4 -R F22.742 E F0 .243 -(option is supplied, no path search is performed, and)2.742 F F1 +(viously-remembered pathname is discarded.)-.25 F .242(If the)144 220.8 +R F12.742 E F0 .243 +(option is supplied, no path search is performed, and)2.742 F F2 (\214lename)4.653 E F0 .243(is used as the full \214lename)2.923 F .615 -(of the command.)144 662.4 R(The)5.615 E F23.115 E F0 .615 +(of the command.)144 232.8 R(The)5.615 E F13.115 E F0 .615 (option causes the shell to for)3.115 F .615 -(get all remembered locations.)-.18 F(The)5.615 E F23.115 E F0 -(op-)3.115 E .293(tion causes the shell to for)144 674.4 R .293 -(get the remembered location of each)-.18 F F1(name)2.794 E F0 5.294(.I) -C 2.794(ft)-5.294 G(he)-2.794 E F22.794 E F0 .294 +(get all remembered locations.)-.18 F(The)5.615 E F13.115 E F0 +(op-)3.115 E .293(tion causes the shell to for)144 244.8 R .293 +(get the remembered location of each)-.18 F F2(name)2.794 E F0 5.294(.I) +C 2.794(ft)-5.294 G(he)-2.794 E F12.794 E F0 .294 (option is supplied,)2.794 F .028(the full pathname to which each)144 -686.4 R F1(name)2.528 E F0 .028(corresponds is printed.)2.528 F .028 -(If multiple)5.028 F F1(name)2.528 E F0(ar)2.528 E .028 -(guments are sup-)-.18 F .175(plied with)144 698.4 R F22.675 E F0 -2.675(,t)C(he)-2.675 E F1(name)2.675 E F0 .175 -(is printed before the hashed full pathname.)2.675 F(The)5.175 E F2 +256.8 R F2(name)2.528 E F0 .028(corresponds is printed.)2.528 F .028 +(If multiple)5.028 F F2(name)2.528 E F0(ar)2.528 E .028 +(guments are sup-)-.18 F .175(plied with)144 268.8 R F12.675 E F0 +2.675(,t)C(he)-2.675 E F2(name)2.675 E F0 .175 +(is printed before the hashed full pathname.)2.675 F(The)5.175 E F1 2.676 E F0 .176(option causes output to)2.676 F .783 -(be displayed in a format that may be reused as input.)144 710.4 R .783 +(be displayed in a format that may be reused as input.)144 280.8 R .783 (If no ar)5.783 F .783(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .783 -(n, or if only).15 F F23.283 E F0(is)3.283 E .807 -(supplied, information about remembered commands is printed.)144 722.4 R -.807(The return status is true unless a)5.807 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q -(2022 January 17)141.79 E(67)190.95 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 68 68 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)144.36 84 Q F0(is not found or an in)2.68 E -.25 -(va)-.4 G(lid option is supplied.).25 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(help)108 -100.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255dms)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(pattern)-2.5 E F0(])A -.867(Display helpful information about b)144 112.8 R .867 -(uiltin commands.)-.2 F(If)5.867 E F1(pattern)4.617 E F0 .866 -(is speci\214ed,)3.607 F F2(help)3.366 E F0(gi)3.366 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -3.366(sd).15 G(etailed)-3.366 E .223(help on all commands matching)144 -124.8 R F1(pattern)3.973 E F0 2.723(;o).24 G .223 +(n, or if only).15 F F13.283 E F0(is)3.283 E .807 +(supplied, information about remembered commands is printed.)144 292.8 R +.807(The return status is true unless a)5.807 F F2(name)144.36 304.8 Q +F0(is not found or an in)2.68 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid option is supplied.) +.25 E F1(help)108 321.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255dms)A F0 2.5(][)C F2 +(pattern)-2.5 E F0(])A .867(Display helpful information about b)144 +333.6 R .867(uiltin commands.)-.2 F(If)5.867 E F2(pattern)4.617 E F0 +.866(is speci\214ed,)3.607 F F1(help)3.366 E F0(gi)3.366 E -.15(ve)-.25 +G 3.366(sd).15 G(etailed)-3.366 E .223(help on all commands matching)144 +345.6 R F2(pattern)3.973 E F0 2.723(;o).24 G .223 (therwise help for all the b)-2.723 F .224 -(uiltins and shell control struc-)-.2 F(tures is printed.)144 136.8 Q F2 -144 148.8 Q F0(Display a short description of each)180 148.8 Q F1 -(pattern)2.5 E F2144 160.8 Q F0(Display the description of each) -180 160.8 Q F1(pattern)2.5 E F0(in a manpage-lik)2.5 E 2.5(ef)-.1 G -(ormat)-2.5 E F2144 172.8 Q F0 -(Display only a short usage synopsis for each)180 172.8 Q F1(pattern)2.5 -E F0(The return status is 0 unless no command matches)144 189.6 Q F1 -(pattern)3.75 E F0(.).24 E F2(history [)108 206.4 Q F1(n)A F2(])A -(history \255c)108 218.4 Q(history \255d)108 230.4 Q F1(of)2.5 E(fset) --.18 E F2(history \255d)108 242.4 Q F1(start)2.5 E F0A F1(end)A F2 -(history \255anrw)108 254.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\214lename)A F0(])A F2 -(history \255p)108 266.4 Q F1(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0([)2.5 E F1(ar)A 2.5 -(g.)-.37 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A F2(history \255s)108 278.4 Q F1(ar)2.5 E(g) --.37 E F0([)2.5 E F1(ar)A 2.5(g.)-.37 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A -.4(Wi)144 -290.4 S .752 +(uiltins and shell control struc-)-.2 F(tures is printed.)144 357.6 Q F1 +144 369.6 Q F0(Display a short description of each)180 369.6 Q F2 +(pattern)2.5 E F1144 381.6 Q F0(Display the description of each) +180 381.6 Q F2(pattern)2.5 E F0(in a manpage-lik)2.5 E 2.5(ef)-.1 G +(ormat)-2.5 E F1144 393.6 Q F0 +(Display only a short usage synopsis for each)180 393.6 Q F2(pattern)2.5 +E F0(The return status is 0 unless no command matches)144 410.4 Q F2 +(pattern)3.75 E F0(.).24 E F1(history [)108 427.2 Q F2(n)A F1(])A +(history \255c)108 439.2 Q(history \255d)108 451.2 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset) +-.18 E F1(history \255d)108 463.2 Q F2(start)2.5 E F0A F2(end)A F1 +(history \255anrw)108 475.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\214lename)A F0(])A F1 +(history \255p)108 487.2 Q F2(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A 2.5 +(g.)-.37 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A F1(history \255s)108 499.2 Q F2(ar)2.5 E(g) +-.37 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A 2.5(g.)-.37 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A -.4(Wi)144 +511.2 S .752 (th no options, display the command history list with line numbers.).4 F -.752(Lines listed with a)5.752 F F2(*)3.251 E F0(ha)3.251 E -.15(ve)-.2 -G .38(been modi\214ed.)144 302.4 R .38(An ar)5.38 F .38(gument of)-.18 F -F1(n)3.24 E F0 .38(lists only the last)3.12 F F1(n)3.24 E F0 2.88 -(lines. If)3.12 F .38(the shell v)2.88 F(ariable)-.25 E/F3 9 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTTIMEFOR-)2.881 E(MA)144 314.4 Q(T)-.855 E F0 .265 -(is set and not null, it is used as a format string for)2.515 F F1 +.752(Lines listed with a)5.752 F F1(*)3.251 E F0(ha)3.251 E -.15(ve)-.2 +G .38(been modi\214ed.)144 523.2 R .38(An ar)5.38 F .38(gument of)-.18 F +F2(n)3.24 E F0 .38(lists only the last)3.12 F F2(n)3.24 E F0 2.88 +(lines. If)3.12 F .38(the shell v)2.88 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(HISTTIMEFOR-) +2.881 E(MA)144 535.2 Q(T)-.855 E F0 .265 +(is set and not null, it is used as a format string for)2.515 F F2 (strftime)2.764 E F0 .264(\(3\) to display the time stamp asso-)B 1.019 -(ciated with each displayed history entry)144 326.4 R 6.019(.N)-.65 G +(ciated with each displayed history entry)144 547.2 R 6.019(.N)-.65 G 3.519(oi)-6.019 G(nterv)-3.519 E 1.019 (ening blank is printed between the formatted)-.15 F .176 -(time stamp and the history line.)144 338.4 R(If)5.176 E F1(\214lename) +(time stamp and the history line.)144 559.2 R(If)5.176 E F2(\214lename) 2.676 E F0 .176 (is supplied, it is used as the name of the history \214le; if)2.676 F -(not, the v)144 350.4 Q(alue of)-.25 E F3(HISTFILE)2.5 E F0(is used.) +(not, the v)144 571.2 Q(alue of)-.25 E F3(HISTFILE)2.5 E F0(is used.) 2.25 E(Options, if supplied, ha)5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E -(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2144 362.4 Q F0 -(Clear the history list by deleting all the entries.)180 362.4 Q F2 -144 374.4 Q F1(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 E F0 .389 -(Delete the history entry at position)180 386.4 R F1(of)2.889 E(fset) --.18 E F0 5.389(.I)C(f)-5.389 E F1(of)2.889 E(fset)-.18 E F0 .389(is ne) +(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1144 583.2 Q F0 +(Clear the history list by deleting all the entries.)180 583.2 Q F1 +144 595.2 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 E F0 .389 +(Delete the history entry at position)180 607.2 R F2(of)2.889 E(fset) +-.18 E F0 5.389(.I)C(f)-5.389 E F2(of)2.889 E(fset)-.18 E F0 .389(is ne) 2.889 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.89(,i).15 G 2.89(ti) -2.89 G 2.89(si)-2.89 G .39(nterpreted as relati)-2.89 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -.599(to one greater than the last history position, so ne)180 398.4 R +.599(to one greater than the last history position, so ne)180 619.2 R -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .899 -.15(ve i)-.25 H .598 -(ndices count back from the end).15 F(of the history)180 410.4 Q 2.5(,a) +(ndices count back from the end).15 F(of the history)180 631.2 Q 2.5(,a) -.65 G(nd an inde)-2.5 E 2.5(xo)-.15 G 2.5<66ad>-2.5 G 2.5(1r)-2.5 G -(efers to the current)-2.5 E F2(history -d)2.5 E F0(command.)2.5 E F2 -144 422.4 Q F1(start)2.5 E F0A F1(end)A F0 1.25 -(Delete the range of history entries between positions)180 434.4 R F1 -(start)3.75 E F0(and)3.75 E F1(end)3.75 E F0 3.75(,i)C(nclusi)-3.75 E +(efers to the current)-2.5 E F1(history -d)2.5 E F0(command.)2.5 E F1 +144 643.2 Q F2(start)2.5 E F0A F2(end)A F0 1.25 +(Delete the range of history entries between positions)180 655.2 R F2 +(start)3.75 E F0(and)3.75 E F2(end)3.75 E F0 3.75(,i)C(nclusi)-3.75 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 6.25(.P).15 G(ositi)-6.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(and ne)180 -446.4 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .3 -.15(ve v)-.25 H(alues for)-.1 E F1 -(start)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F1(end)2.5 E F0 -(are interpreted as described abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F2 -144 458.4 Q F0 .565(Append the `)180 458.4 R(`ne)-.74 E(w')-.25 E 3.065 +667.2 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .3 -.15(ve v)-.25 H(alues for)-.1 E F2 +(start)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F2(end)2.5 E F0 +(are interpreted as described abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F1 +144 679.2 Q F0 .565(Append the `)180 679.2 R(`ne)-.74 E(w')-.25 E 3.065 ('h)-.74 G .564(istory lines to the history \214le.)-3.065 F .564 -(These are history lines entered since)5.564 F(the be)180 470.4 Q -(ginning of the current)-.15 E F2(bash)2.5 E F0(session, b)2.5 E -(ut not already appended to the history \214le.)-.2 E F2144 482.4 +(These are history lines entered since)5.564 F(the be)180 691.2 Q +(ginning of the current)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(session, b)2.5 E +(ut not already appended to the history \214le.)-.2 E F1144 703.2 Q F0 .854(Read the history lines not already read from the history \214\ -le into the current history list.)180 482.4 R .773 -(These are lines appended to the history \214le since the be)180 494.4 R -.772(ginning of the current)-.15 F F2(bash)3.272 E F0(ses-)3.272 E -(sion.)180 506.4 Q F2144 518.4 Q F0(Read the contents of the hist\ -ory \214le and append them to the current history list.)180 518.4 Q F2 -144 530.4 Q F0 -(Write the current history list to the history \214le, o)180 530.4 Q --.15(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the history \214le').15 E 2.5(sc)-.55 G -(ontents.)-2.5 E F2144 542.4 Q F0 .625 -(Perform history substitution on the follo)180 542.4 R(wing)-.25 E F1 -(ar)3.125 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .626(and display the result on the standard) -3.125 F 2.975(output. Does)180 554.4 R .475 -(not store the results in the history list.)2.975 F(Each)5.475 E F1(ar) -2.975 E(g)-.37 E F0 .475(must be quoted to disable)2.975 F -(normal history e)180 566.4 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F2144 578.4 Q F0 -.362(Store the)180 578.4 R F1(ar)3.192 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .363 +le into the current history list.)180 703.2 R .773 +(These are lines appended to the history \214le since the be)180 715.2 R +.772(ginning of the current)-.15 F F1(bash)3.272 E F0(ses-)3.272 E +(sion.)180 727.2 Q(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(68) +188.45 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 69 69 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF144 84 Q F0(Read the contents of the history \214le and append \ +them to the current history list.)180 84 Q F1144 96 Q F0 +(Write the current history list to the history \214le, o)180 96 Q -.15 +(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the history \214le').15 E 2.5(sc)-.55 G(ontents.) +-2.5 E F1144 108 Q F0 .625 +(Perform history substitution on the follo)180 108 R(wing)-.25 E/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)3.125 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .626 +(and display the result on the standard)3.125 F 2.975(output. Does)180 +120 R .475(not store the results in the history list.)2.975 F(Each)5.475 +E F2(ar)2.975 E(g)-.37 E F0 .475(must be quoted to disable)2.975 F +(normal history e)180 132 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1144 144 Q F0 .362 +(Store the)180 144 R F2(ar)3.192 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .363 (in the history list as a single entry)3.132 F 5.363(.T)-.65 G .363 -(he last command in the history list is)-5.363 F(remo)180 590.4 Q -.15 -(ve)-.15 G 2.5(db).15 G(efore the)-2.5 E F1(ar)2.83 E(gs)-.37 E F0 -(are added.)2.77 E .146(If the)144 607.2 R F3(HISTTIMEFORMA)2.645 E(T) --.855 E F0 -.25(va)2.395 G .145 +(he last command in the history list is)-5.363 F(remo)180 156 Q -.15(ve) +-.15 G 2.5(db).15 G(efore the)-2.5 E F2(ar)2.83 E(gs)-.37 E F0 +(are added.)2.77 E .146(If the)144 172.8 R/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF +(HISTTIMEFORMA)2.645 E(T)-.855 E F0 -.25(va)2.395 G .145 (riable is set, the time stamp information associated with each history) -.25 F .668(entry is written to the history \214le, mark)144 619.2 R .669 +.25 F .668(entry is written to the history \214le, mark)144 184.8 R .669 (ed with the history comment character)-.1 F 5.669(.W)-.55 G .669 -(hen the history)-5.669 F .956(\214le is read, lines be)144 631.2 R .956 +(hen the history)-5.669 F .956(\214le is read, lines be)144 196.8 R .956 (ginning with the history comment character follo)-.15 F .955 (wed immediately by a digit)-.25 F .832 -(are interpreted as timestamps for the follo)144 643.2 R .832 +(are interpreted as timestamps for the follo)144 208.8 R .832 (wing history entry)-.25 F 5.833(.T)-.65 G .833(he return v)-5.833 F -.833(alue is 0 unless an in-)-.25 F -.25(va)144 655.2 S .168(lid option\ +.833(alue is 0 unless an in-)-.25 F -.25(va)144 220.8 S .168(lid option\ is encountered, an error occurs while reading or writing the history \ -\214le, an in).25 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F1(of)2.668 E(f-)-.18 E(set) -144 667.2 Q F0 .34(or range is supplied as an ar)2.84 F .34(gument to) --.18 F F22.841 E F0 2.841(,o)C 2.841(rt)-2.841 G .341 +\214le, an in).25 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F2(of)2.668 E(f-)-.18 E(set) +144 232.8 Q F0 .34(or range is supplied as an ar)2.84 F .34(gument to) +-.18 F F12.841 E F0 2.841(,o)C 2.841(rt)-2.841 G .341 (he history e)-2.841 F .341(xpansion supplied as an ar)-.15 F .341 -(gument to)-.18 F F2144 679.2 Q F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F2(jobs) -108 696 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255lnprs)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(jobspec)A F0(... ]) -2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 January 17)141.79 E(68)190.95 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 69 69 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(jobs \255x)108 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(command)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E -F2(ar)2.5 E(gs)-.37 E F0(... ])2.5 E(The \214rst form lists the acti)144 -96 Q .3 -.15(ve j)-.25 H 2.5(obs. The).15 F(options ha)2.5 E .3 -.15 -(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1144 108 Q F0 -(List process IDs in addition to the normal information.)180 108 Q F1 -144 120 Q F0 .194(Display information only about jobs that ha)180 -120 R .494 -.15(ve c)-.2 H .193(hanged status since the user w).15 F -.193(as last noti-)-.1 F(\214ed of their status.)180 132 Q F1144 -144 Q F0(List only the process ID of the job')180 144 Q 2.5(sp)-.55 G -(rocess group leader)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1144 156 Q F0 -(Display only running jobs.)180 156 Q F1144 168 Q F0 -(Display only stopped jobs.)180 168 Q(If)144 184.8 Q F2(jobspec)4.553 E -F0 .313(is gi)3.123 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .313 +(gument to)-.18 F F1144 244.8 Q F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(jobs) +108 261.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lnprs)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(jobspec)A F0(... ]) +2.5 E F1(jobs \255x)108 273.6 Q F2(command)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)2.5 E +(gs)-.37 E F0(... ])2.5 E(The \214rst form lists the acti)144 285.6 Q .3 +-.15(ve j)-.25 H 2.5(obs. The).15 F(options ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H +(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1144 297.6 Q F0 +(List process IDs in addition to the normal information.)180 297.6 Q F1 +144 309.6 Q F0 .194(Display information only about jobs that ha) +180 309.6 R .494 -.15(ve c)-.2 H .193(hanged status since the user w).15 +F .193(as last noti-)-.1 F(\214ed of their status.)180 321.6 Q F1 +144 333.6 Q F0(List only the process ID of the job')180 333.6 Q 2.5(sp) +-.55 G(rocess group leader)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1144 345.6 Q F0 +(Display only running jobs.)180 345.6 Q F1144 357.6 Q F0 +(Display only stopped jobs.)180 357.6 Q(If)144 374.4 Q F2(jobspec)4.553 +E F0 .313(is gi)3.123 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .313 (n, output is restricted to information about that job).15 F 5.314(.T) --.4 G .314(he return status is 0 unless)-5.314 F(an in)144 196.8 Q -.25 +-.4 G .314(he return status is 0 unless)-5.314 F(an in)144 386.4 Q -.25 (va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered or an in).25 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 -E F2(jobspec)4.24 E F0(is supplied.)2.81 E .395(If the)144 213.6 R F1 +E F2(jobspec)4.24 E F0(is supplied.)2.81 E .395(If the)144 403.2 R F1 2.895 E F0 .394(option is supplied,)2.894 F F1(jobs)2.894 E F0 .394(replaces an)2.894 F(y)-.15 E F2(jobspec)4.634 E F0 .394(found in) 3.204 F F2(command)3.094 E F0(or)3.664 E F2(ar)3.224 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .394 -(with the corre-)3.164 F(sponding process group ID, and e)144 225.6 Q +(with the corre-)3.164 F(sponding process group ID, and e)144 415.2 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cutes).15 E F2(command)2.7 E F0(passing it)3.27 E F2(ar) 2.83 E(gs)-.37 E F0 2.5(,r).27 G(eturning its e)-2.5 E(xit status.)-.15 -E F1(kill)108 242.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F2(sigspec)2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E -F12.5 E F2(signum)2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F12.5 E F2(sigspec)A F0 2.5 +E F1(kill)108 432 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F2(sigspec)2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F1 +2.5 E F2(signum)2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F12.5 E F2(sigspec)A F0 2.5 (][)C F2(pid)-2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F2(jobspec)2.5 E F0 2.5(].)C(..)-2.5 E F1 -(kill \255l)108 254.4 Q F0(|)A F1A F0([)2.5 E F2(sigspec)A F0(|) -2.5 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(it_status).2 E F0(])A .017 -(Send the signal named by)144 266.4 R F2(sigspec)2.857 E F0(or)2.827 E -F2(signum)2.857 E F0 .017(to the processes named by)2.837 F F2(pid)3.767 -E F0(or)3.287 E F2(jobspec)4.257 E F0(.).31 E F2(sigspec)5.357 E F0(is) -2.828 E .319(either a case-insensiti)144 278.4 R .619 -.15(ve s)-.25 H -.319(ignal name such as).15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGKILL)2.819 E F0 -.318(\(with or without the)2.569 F F3(SIG)2.818 E F0 .318 -(pre\214x\) or a signal)2.568 F(number;)144 290.4 Q F2(signum)3.267 E F0 +(kill \255l)108 444 Q F0(|)A F1A F0([)2.5 E F2(sigspec)A F0(|)2.5 +E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(it_status).2 E F0(])A .017(Send the signal named by) +144 456 R F2(sigspec)2.857 E F0(or)2.827 E F2(signum)2.857 E F0 .017 +(to the processes named by)2.837 F F2(pid)3.767 E F0(or)3.287 E F2 +(jobspec)4.257 E F0(.).31 E F2(sigspec)5.357 E F0(is)2.828 E .319 +(either a case-insensiti)144 468 R .619 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .319 +(ignal name such as).15 F F3(SIGKILL)2.819 E F0 .318 +(\(with or without the)2.569 F F3(SIG)2.818 E F0 .318 +(pre\214x\) or a signal)2.568 F(number;)144 480 Q F2(signum)3.267 E F0 .427(is a signal number)3.247 F 5.427(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.427 E F2(sigspec) 3.267 E F0 .427(is not present, then)3.237 F F3(SIGTERM)2.927 E F0 .427 -(is assumed.)2.677 F .428(An ar)5.427 F(-)-.2 E .314(gument of)144 302.4 -R F12.814 E F0 .314(lists the signal names.)2.814 F .314(If an) -5.314 F 2.814(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-2.814 G .314(uments are supplied when) -.18 F F12.814 E F0 .314(is gi)2.814 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .313 -(n, the names of).15 F .119(the signals corresponding to the ar)144 -314.4 R .119(guments are listed, and the return status is 0.)-.18 F(The) -5.12 E F2 -.2(ex)2.62 G(it_status).2 E F0(ar)2.62 E(-)-.2 E .8 -(gument to)144 326.4 R F13.3 E F0 .8 +(is assumed.)2.677 F .428(An ar)5.427 F(-)-.2 E .314(gument of)144 492 R +F12.814 E F0 .314(lists the signal names.)2.814 F .314(If an)5.314 +F 2.814(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-2.814 G .314(uments are supplied when).18 F +F12.814 E F0 .314(is gi)2.814 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .313 +(n, the names of).15 F .119(the signals corresponding to the ar)144 504 +R .119(guments are listed, and the return status is 0.)-.18 F(The)5.12 E +F2 -.2(ex)2.62 G(it_status).2 E F0(ar)2.62 E(-)-.2 E .8(gument to)144 +516 R F13.3 E F0 .8 (is a number specifying either a signal number or the e)3.3 F .799 -(xit status of a process termi-)-.15 F .962(nated by a signal.)144 338.4 -R(The)5.962 E F13.462 E F0 .962(option is equi)3.462 F -.25(va) --.25 G .962(lent to).25 F F13.462 E F0(.)A F1(kill)5.962 E F0 .962 +(xit status of a process termi-)-.15 F .962(nated by a signal.)144 528 R +(The)5.962 E F13.462 E F0 .962(option is equi)3.462 F -.25(va)-.25 +G .962(lent to).25 F F13.462 E F0(.)A F1(kill)5.962 E F0 .962 (returns true if at least one signal w)3.462 F(as)-.1 E -(successfully sent, or f)144 350.4 Q(alse if an error occurs or an in) --.1 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered.).25 E F1(let)108 367.2 Q -F2(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(Each)144 -379.2 Q F2(ar)3.027 E(g)-.37 E F0 .197(is an arithmetic e)2.917 F .197 +(successfully sent, or f)144 540 Q(alse if an error occurs or an in)-.1 +E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered.).25 E F1(let)108 556.8 Q F2 +(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(Each)144 +568.8 Q F2(ar)3.027 E(g)-.37 E F0 .197(is an arithmetic e)2.917 F .197 (xpression to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .196(luated \(see).25 F F3 .196 (ARITHMETIC EV)2.696 F(ALU)-1.215 E -.855(AT)-.54 G(ION).855 E F0(abo) -2.446 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.696(\). If).15 F(the last)144 391.2 Q F2(ar) +2.446 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.696(\). If).15 F(the last)144 580.8 Q F2(ar) 2.83 E(g)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)2.72 G(luates to 0,).25 E F1(let)2.5 E F0 -(returns 1; 0 is returned otherwise.)2.5 E F1(local)108 408 Q F0([)2.5 E -F2(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C -(.. | \255 ])-2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 420 S 2.541(re).15 G .041(ach ar)-2.541 -F .042(gument, a local v)-.18 F .042(ariable named)-.25 F F2(name)2.902 -E F0 .042(is created, and assigned)2.722 F F2(value)2.832 E F0 5.042(.T) -.18 G(he)-5.042 E F2(option)2.542 E F0 .042(can be)2.542 F(an)144 432 Q -3.153(yo)-.15 G 3.153(ft)-3.153 G .653(he options accepted by)-3.153 F -F1(declar)3.153 E(e)-.18 E F0 5.652(.W)C(hen)-5.652 E F1(local)3.152 E -F0 .652(is used within a function, it causes the v)3.152 F(ari-)-.25 E -(able)144 444 Q F2(name)3.281 E F0 .421(to ha)3.101 F .721 -.15(ve a v) --.2 H .422(isible scope restricted to that function and its children.) -.15 F(If)5.422 E F2(name)2.922 E F0 .422(is \255, the set)2.922 F .51 -(of shell options is made local to the function in which)144 456 R F1 +(returns 1; 0 is returned otherwise.)2.5 E F1(local)108 597.6 Q F0([)2.5 +E F2(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C +(.. | \255 ])-2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 609.6 S 2.541(re).15 G .041(ach ar) +-2.541 F .042(gument, a local v)-.18 F .042(ariable named)-.25 F F2 +(name)2.902 E F0 .042(is created, and assigned)2.722 F F2(value)2.832 E +F0 5.042(.T).18 G(he)-5.042 E F2(option)2.542 E F0 .042(can be)2.542 F +(an)144 621.6 Q 3.153(yo)-.15 G 3.153(ft)-3.153 G .653 +(he options accepted by)-3.153 F F1(declar)3.153 E(e)-.18 E F0 5.652(.W) +C(hen)-5.652 E F1(local)3.152 E F0 .652 +(is used within a function, it causes the v)3.152 F(ari-)-.25 E(able)144 +633.6 Q F2(name)3.281 E F0 .421(to ha)3.101 F .721 -.15(ve a v)-.2 H +.422(isible scope restricted to that function and its children.).15 F +(If)5.422 E F2(name)2.922 E F0 .422(is \255, the set)2.922 F .51 +(of shell options is made local to the function in which)144 645.6 R F1 (local)3.009 E F0 .509(is in)3.009 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .509 -(d: shell options changed us-).1 F 1.17(ing the)144 468 R F1(set)3.67 E -F0 -.2(bu)3.67 G 1.171 +(d: shell options changed us-).1 F 1.17(ing the)144 657.6 R F1(set)3.67 +E F0 -.2(bu)3.67 G 1.171 (iltin inside the function are restored to their original v).2 F 1.171 -(alues when the function re-)-.25 F 3.381(turns. The)144 480 R .881 +(alues when the function re-)-.25 F 3.381(turns. The)144 669.6 R .881 (restore is ef)3.381 F .881(fected as if a series of)-.25 F F1(set)3.381 E F0 .88(commands were e)3.38 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .88 (cuted to restore the v).15 F(alues)-.25 E .787 -(that were in place before the function.)144 492 R -.4(Wi)5.788 G .788 +(that were in place before the function.)144 681.6 R -.4(Wi)5.788 G .788 (th no operands,).4 F F1(local)3.288 E F0 .788(writes a list of local v) -3.288 F .788(ariables to)-.25 F .655(the standard output.)144 504 R .654 -(It is an error to use)5.655 F F1(local)3.154 E F0 .654 +3.288 F .788(ariables to)-.25 F .655(the standard output.)144 693.6 R +.654(It is an error to use)5.655 F F1(local)3.154 E F0 .654 (when not within a function.)3.154 F .654(The return status is 0)5.654 F -(unless)144 516 Q F1(local)2.5 E F0(is used outside a function, an in) +(unless)144 705.6 Q F1(local)2.5 E F0(is used outside a function, an in) 2.5 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F2(name)2.86 E F0(is supplied, or)2.68 E -F2(name)2.5 E F0(is a readonly v)2.5 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(logout)108 -532.8 Q F0(Exit a login shell.)144 532.8 Q F1(map\214le)108 549.6 Q F0 -([)2.5 E F1A F2(delim)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(count) -2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(origin)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1 --2.5 E F2(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1 --2.5 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E -F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(quantum)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(arr)-2.5 E -(ay)-.15 E F0(])A F1 -.18(re)108 561.6 S(adarray).18 E F0([)2.5 E F1 -A F2(delim)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(count)2.5 E F0 2.5 -(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(origin)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2 -(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2 -(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0 2.5(][) -C F1-2.5 E F2(quantum)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(arr)-2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0 -(])A .158(Read lines from the standard input into the inde)144 573.6 R --.15(xe)-.15 G 2.659(da).15 G .159(rray v)-2.659 F(ariable)-.25 E F2 -(arr)2.989 E(ay)-.15 E F0 2.659(,o).32 G 2.659(rf)-2.659 G .159 -(rom \214le descriptor)-2.659 F F2(fd)4.629 E F0 1.249(if the)144 585.6 +F2(name)2.5 E F0(is a readonly v)2.5 E(ariable.)-.25 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 +768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(69)188.45 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 70 70 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF(logout)108 84 Q F0(Exit a login shell.)144 84 Q F1(map\214le)108 +100.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(delim)2.5 E F0 2.5 +(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2 +(origin)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1 +-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1 +-2.5 E F2(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(quantum) +2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(arr)-2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0(])A F1 -.18(re)108 112.8 S +(adarray).18 E F0([)2.5 E F1A F2(delim)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1 +-2.5 E F2(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(origin)2.5 E F0 2.5 +(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F0 2.5 +(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(callbac) +2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(quantum)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2 +(arr)-2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0(])A .158 +(Read lines from the standard input into the inde)144 124.8 R -.15(xe) +-.15 G 2.659(da).15 G .159(rray v)-2.659 F(ariable)-.25 E F2(arr)2.989 E +(ay)-.15 E F0 2.659(,o).32 G 2.659(rf)-2.659 G .159 +(rom \214le descriptor)-2.659 F F2(fd)4.629 E F0 1.249(if the)144 136.8 R F13.749 E F0 1.249(option is supplied.)3.749 F 1.249(The v)6.249 -F(ariable)-.25 E F3(MAPFILE)3.749 E F0 1.249(is the def)3.499 F(ault)-.1 -E F2(arr)3.748 E(ay)-.15 E F0 6.248(.O)C 1.248(ptions, if supplied,) --6.248 F(ha)144 597.6 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E -(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1144 609.6 Q F0 .91 -(The \214rst character of)180 609.6 R F2(delim)3.41 E F0 .911 +F(ariable)-.25 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(MAPFILE)3.749 E F0 1.249 +(is the def)3.499 F(ault)-.1 E F2(arr)3.748 E(ay)-.15 E F0 6.248(.O)C +1.248(ptions, if supplied,)-6.248 F(ha)144 148.8 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H +(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1144 160.8 Q F0 .91 +(The \214rst character of)180 160.8 R F2(delim)3.41 E F0 .911 (is used to terminate each input line, rather than ne)3.41 F 3.411 -(wline. If)-.25 F F2(delim)180 621.6 Q F0(is the empty string,)2.5 E F1 +(wline. If)-.25 F F2(delim)180 172.8 Q F0(is the empty string,)2.5 E F1 (map\214le)2.5 E F0(will terminate a line when it reads a NUL character) -2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1144 633.6 Q F0(Cop)180 633.6 Q 2.5(ya)-.1 G 2.5 +2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1144 184.8 Q F0(Cop)180 184.8 Q 2.5(ya)-.1 G 2.5 (tm)-2.5 G(ost)-2.5 E F2(count)2.7 E F0 2.5(lines. If)3.18 F F2(count) -2.5 E F0(is 0, all lines are copied.)2.5 E F1144 645.6 Q F0(Be)180 -645.6 Q(gin assigning to)-.15 E F2(arr)2.83 E(ay)-.15 E F0(at inde)2.82 +2.5 E F0(is 0, all lines are copied.)2.5 E F1144 196.8 Q F0(Be)180 +196.8 Q(gin assigning to)-.15 E F2(arr)2.83 E(ay)-.15 E F0(at inde)2.82 E(x)-.15 E F2(origin)2.73 E F0 5(.T).24 G(he def)-5 E(ault inde)-.1 E -2.5(xi)-.15 G 2.5(s0)-2.5 G(.)-2.5 E F1144 657.6 Q F0 -(Discard the \214rst)180 657.6 Q F2(count)2.5 E F0(lines read.)2.5 E F1 -144 669.6 Q F0(Remo)180 669.6 Q .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H(railing).15 +2.5(xi)-.15 G 2.5(s0)-2.5 G(.)-2.5 E F1144 208.8 Q F0 +(Discard the \214rst)180 208.8 Q F2(count)2.5 E F0(lines read.)2.5 E F1 +144 220.8 Q F0(Remo)180 220.8 Q .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H(railing).15 E F2(delim)2.5 E F0(\(def)2.5 E(ault ne)-.1 E -(wline\) from each line read.)-.25 E F1144 681.6 Q F0 -(Read lines from \214le descriptor)180 681.6 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0 -(instead of the standard input.)2.5 E F1144 693.6 Q F0(Ev)180 -693.6 Q(aluate)-.25 E F2(callbac)2.7 E(k)-.2 E F0(each time)3.17 E F2 +(wline\) from each line read.)-.25 E F1144 232.8 Q F0 +(Read lines from \214le descriptor)180 232.8 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0 +(instead of the standard input.)2.5 E F1144 244.8 Q F0(Ev)180 +244.8 Q(aluate)-.25 E F2(callbac)2.7 E(k)-.2 E F0(each time)3.17 E F2 (quantum)2.5 E F0(lines are read.)2.5 E(The)5 E F12.5 E F0 -(option speci\214es)2.5 E F2(quantum)2.75 E F0(.).32 E F1144 705.6 -Q F0(Specify the number of lines read between each call to)180 705.6 Q -F2(callbac)2.7 E(k)-.2 E F0(.).67 E(If)144 722.4 Q F14.229 E F0 -1.729(is speci\214ed without)4.229 F F14.229 E F0 4.229(,t)C 1.729 -(he def)-4.229 F 1.729(ault quantum is 5000.)-.1 F(When)6.729 E F2 -(callbac)4.229 E(k)-.2 E F0 1.728(is e)4.228 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.728 -(luated, it is).25 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 January 17)141.79 E(69) -190.95 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 70 70 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .407 -(supplied the inde)144 84 R 2.908(xo)-.15 G 2.908(ft)-2.908 G .408 -(he ne)-2.908 F .408(xt array element to be assigned and the line to be\ - assigned to that ele-)-.15 F .484(ment as additional ar)144 96 R -(guments.)-.18 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(callbac)5.483 E(k)-.2 E F0 .483 -(is e)2.983 F -.25(va)-.25 G .483(luated after the line is read b).25 F -.483(ut before the array ele-)-.2 F(ment is assigned.)144 108 Q -(If not supplied with an e)144 124.8 Q(xplicit origin,)-.15 E/F2 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(map\214le)2.5 E F0(will clear)2.5 E F1(arr)2.5 E(ay) --.15 E F0(before assigning to it.)2.5 E F2(map\214le)144 141.6 Q F0 .797 +(option speci\214es)2.5 E F2(quantum)2.75 E F0(.).32 E F1144 256.8 +Q F0(Specify the number of lines read between each call to)180 256.8 Q +F2(callbac)2.7 E(k)-.2 E F0(.).67 E(If)144 273.6 Q F12.968 E F0 +.467(is speci\214ed without)2.967 F F12.967 E F0 2.967(,t)C .467 +(he def)-2.967 F .467(ault quantum is 5000.)-.1 F(When)5.467 E F2 +(callbac)2.967 E(k)-.2 E F0 .467(is e)2.967 F -.25(va)-.25 G .467 +(luated, it is sup-).25 F .261(plied the inde)144 285.6 R 2.761(xo)-.15 +G 2.761(ft)-2.761 G .261(he ne)-2.761 F .262(xt array element to be ass\ +igned and the line to be assigned to that element)-.15 F .275 +(as additional ar)144 297.6 R(guments.)-.18 E F2(callbac)5.275 E(k)-.2 E +F0 .275(is e)2.775 F -.25(va)-.25 G .274 +(luated after the line is read b).25 F .274 +(ut before the array element is)-.2 F(assigned.)144 309.6 Q +(If not supplied with an e)144 326.4 Q(xplicit origin,)-.15 E F1 +(map\214le)2.5 E F0(will clear)2.5 E F2(arr)2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0 +(before assigning to it.)2.5 E F1(map\214le)144 343.2 Q F0 .797 (returns successfully unless an in)3.297 F -.25(va)-.4 G .797 -(lid option or option ar).25 F .797(gument is supplied,)-.18 F F1(arr) -3.297 E(ay)-.15 E F0 .798(is in-)3.298 F -.25(va)144 153.6 S -(lid or unassignable, or if).25 E F1(arr)2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0 +(lid option or option ar).25 F .797(gument is supplied,)-.18 F F2(arr) +3.297 E(ay)-.15 E F0 .798(is in-)3.298 F -.25(va)144 355.2 S +(lid or unassignable, or if).25 E F2(arr)2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0 (is not an inde)2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G(rray)-2.5 E(.)-.65 E -F2(popd)108 170.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F2(n)A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F1(n)A F0 -2.5(][)C-2.5 E F1(n)A F0(])A(Remo)144 182.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.092 -(se).15 G .592(ntries from the directory stack.)-3.092 F .591 +F1(popd)108 372 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F2(n)A F0 +2.5(][)C-2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A(Remo)144 384 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.092(se) +.15 G .592(ntries from the directory stack.)-3.092 F .591 (The elements are numbered from 0 starting at the \214rst)5.591 F .664 -(directory listed by)144 194.4 R F2(dirs)3.164 E F0 5.664(.W)C .664 -(ith no ar)-6.064 F(guments,)-.18 E F2(popd)3.165 E F0(remo)3.165 E -.15 +(directory listed by)144 396 R F1(dirs)3.164 E F0 5.664(.W)C .664 +(ith no ar)-6.064 F(guments,)-.18 E F1(popd)3.165 E F0(remo)3.165 E -.15 (ve)-.15 G 3.165(st).15 G .665(he top directory from the stack, and) --3.165 F(changes to the ne)144 206.4 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G(op directory)-2.5 E -5(.A)-.65 G -.18(rg)-5 G(uments, if supplied, ha).18 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 -H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2144 218.4 Q F0 .551 -(Suppresses the normal change of directory when remo)180 218.4 R .551 +-3.165 F(changes to the ne)144 408 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G(op directory)-2.5 E 5 +(.A)-.65 G -.18(rg)-5 G(uments, if supplied, ha).18 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H +(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1144 420 Q F0 .551 +(Suppresses the normal change of directory when remo)180 420 R .551 (ving directories from the stack, so)-.15 F -(that only the stack is manipulated.)180 230.4 Q F2(+)144 242.4 Q F1(n)A -F0(Remo)180 242.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.64(st).15 G(he)-2.64 E F1(n)2.64 E -F0 .14(th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B .14(wn by)-.25 -F F2(dirs)2.64 E F0 2.64(,s)C .14(tarting with zero,)-2.64 F .78 -(from the stack.)180 254.4 R -.15(Fo)5.78 G 3.28(re).15 G(xample:)-3.43 -E/F3 10/Courier@0 SF .779(popd +0)3.279 F F0(remo)3.279 E -.15(ve)-.15 G -3.279(st).15 G .779(he \214rst directory)-3.279 F(,)-.65 E F3 .779 -(popd +1)3.279 F F0 .779(the sec-)3.279 F(ond.)180 266.4 Q F2144 -278.4 Q F1(n)A F0(Remo)180 278.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.759(st).15 G(he) --3.759 E F1(n)3.759 E F0 1.259 -(th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.26(wn by)-.25 F F2 -(dirs)3.76 E F0 3.76(,s)C 1.26(tarting with)-3.76 F 2.5(zero. F)180 -290.4 R(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E F3(popd -0)2.5 E F0(remo)2.5 E -.15 -(ve)-.15 G 2.5(st).15 G(he last directory)-2.5 E(,)-.65 E F3(popd -1)2.5 -E F0(the ne)2.5 E(xt to last.)-.15 E .094 +(that only the stack is manipulated.)180 432 Q F1(+)144 444 Q F2(n)A F0 +(Remo)180 444 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.64(st).15 G(he)-2.64 E F2(n)2.64 E F0 +.14(th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B .14(wn by)-.25 F +F1(dirs)2.64 E F0 2.64(,s)C .14(tarting with zero,)-2.64 F .78 +(from the stack.)180 456 R -.15(Fo)5.78 G 3.28(re).15 G(xample:)-3.43 E +/F4 10/Courier@0 SF .779(popd +0)3.279 F F0(remo)3.279 E -.15(ve)-.15 G +3.279(st).15 G .779(he \214rst directory)-3.279 F(,)-.65 E F4 .779 +(popd +1)3.279 F F0 .779(the sec-)3.279 F(ond.)180 468 Q F1144 480 Q +F2(n)A F0(Remo)180 480 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.759(st).15 G(he)-3.759 E F2(n) +3.759 E F0 1.259(th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.26 +(wn by)-.25 F F1(dirs)3.76 E F0 3.76(,s)C 1.26(tarting with)-3.76 F 2.5 +(zero. F)180 492 R(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E F4(popd -0)2.5 E F0(remo) +2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(st).15 G(he last directory)-2.5 E(,)-.65 E F4 +(popd -1)2.5 E F0(the ne)2.5 E(xt to last.)-.15 E .094 (If the top element of the directory stack is modi\214ed, and the)144 -307.2 R F1(-n)2.593 E F0 .093(option w)2.593 F .093(as not supplied,)-.1 -F F2(popd)2.593 E F0(uses)2.593 E(the)144 319.2 Q F2(cd)2.696 E F0 -.2 +508.8 R F2(-n)2.593 E F0 .093(option w)2.593 F .093(as not supplied,)-.1 +F F1(popd)2.593 E F0(uses)2.593 E(the)144 520.8 Q F1(cd)2.696 E F0 -.2 (bu)2.696 G .196 (iltin to change to the directory at the top of the stack.).2 F .196 -(If the)5.196 F F2(cd)2.696 E F0 -.1(fa)2.696 G(ils,).1 E F2(popd)2.697 -E F0 .197(returns a non-)2.697 F(zero v)144 331.2 Q(alue.)-.25 E -(Otherwise,)144 348 Q F2(popd)2.671 E F0 .171(returns f)2.671 F .171 +(If the)5.196 F F1(cd)2.696 E F0 -.1(fa)2.696 G(ils,).1 E F1(popd)2.697 +E F0 .197(returns a non-)2.697 F(zero v)144 532.8 Q(alue.)-.25 E +(Otherwise,)144 549.6 Q F1(popd)2.671 E F0 .171(returns f)2.671 F .171 (alse if an in)-.1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .171 (lid option is encountered, the directory stack is empty).25 F 2.67(,o) --.65 G 2.67(ra)-2.67 G(non-e)144 360 Q +-.65 G 2.67(ra)-2.67 G(non-e)144 561.6 Q (xistent directory stack entry is speci\214ed.)-.15 E 1.555(If the)144 -376.8 R F2(popd)4.055 E F0 1.555(command is successful, bash runs)4.055 -F F2(dirs)4.056 E F0 1.556(to sho)4.056 F 4.056(wt)-.25 G 1.556 +578.4 R F1(popd)4.055 E F0 1.555(command is successful, bash runs)4.055 +F F1(dirs)4.056 E F0 1.556(to sho)4.056 F 4.056(wt)-.25 G 1.556 (he \214nal contents of the directory)-4.056 F -(stack, and the return status is 0.)144 388.8 Q F2(printf)108 405.6 Q F0 -([)2.5 E F2A F1(var)2.5 E F0(])A F1(format)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1(ar) -A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .358(Write the formatted)144 417.6 R F1(ar)2.858 +(stack, and the return status is 0.)144 590.4 Q F1(printf)108 607.2 Q F0 +([)2.5 E F1A F2(var)2.5 E F0(])A F2(format)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar) +A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .358(Write the formatted)144 619.2 R F2(ar)2.858 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .358 -(to the standard output under the control of the)2.858 F F1(format)2.857 -E F0 5.357(.T)C(he)-5.357 E F22.857 E F0(op-)2.857 E .714 -(tion causes the output to be assigned to the v)144 429.6 R(ariable)-.25 -E F1(var)3.214 E F0 .714(rather than being printed to the standard)3.214 -F(output.)144 441.6 Q(The)144 465.6 Q F1(format)3.018 E F0 .517(is a ch\ +(to the standard output under the control of the)2.858 F F2(format)2.857 +E F0 5.357(.T)C(he)-5.357 E F12.857 E F0(op-)2.857 E .714 +(tion causes the output to be assigned to the v)144 631.2 R(ariable)-.25 +E F2(var)3.214 E F0 .714(rather than being printed to the standard)3.214 +F(output.)144 643.2 Q(The)144 667.2 Q F2(format)3.018 E F0 .517(is a ch\ aracter string which contains three types of objects: plain characters,\ which are)3.018 F .704(simply copied to standard output, character esc\ -ape sequences, which are con)144 477.6 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .704 +ape sequences, which are con)144 679.2 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .704 (rted and copied to).15 F .036(the standard output, and format speci\ -\214cations, each of which causes printing of the ne)144 489.6 R .036 -(xt successi)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G F1(ar)144 501.6 Q(gument)-.37 E F0 -5.531(.I)C 3.031(na)-5.531 G .531(ddition to the standard)-3.031 F F1 -(printf)3.032 E F0 .532(\(1\) format speci\214cations,)B F2(printf)3.032 -E F0 .532(interprets the follo)3.032 F(w-)-.25 E(ing e)144 513.6 Q -(xtensions:)-.15 E F2(%b)144 525.6 Q F0(causes)180 525.6 Q F2(printf) -2.596 E F0 .096(to e)2.596 F .096 -(xpand backslash escape sequences in the corresponding)-.15 F F1(ar) -2.596 E(gument)-.37 E F0 .095(in the)2.595 F(same w)180 537.6 Q(ay as) --.1 E F2(echo \255e)2.5 E F0(.)A F2(%q)144 549.6 Q F0(causes)180 549.6 Q -F2(printf)2.51 E F0 .01(to output the corresponding)2.51 F F1(ar)2.51 E -(gument)-.37 E F0 .01(in a format that can be reused as shell)2.51 F -(input.)180 561.6 Q F2(%Q)144 573.6 Q F0(lik)180 573.6 Q(e)-.1 E F2(%q) -2.5 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut applies an)-2.7 E 2.5(ys)-.15 G -(upplied precision to the)-2.5 E F1(ar)2.5 E(gument)-.37 E F0 -(before quoting it.)2.5 E F2(%\()144 585.6 Q F1(datefmt)A F2(\)T)A F0 -(causes)180 597.6 Q F2(printf)4.404 E F0 1.904 -(to output the date-time string resulting from using)4.404 F F1(datefmt) -4.404 E F0 1.903(as a format)4.404 F .38(string for)180 609.6 R F1 -(strftime)2.881 E F0 2.881(\(3\). The)B(corresponding)2.881 E F1(ar) +\214cations, each of which causes printing of the ne)144 691.2 R .036 +(xt successi)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G F2(ar)144 703.2 Q(gument)-.37 E F0 +5.531(.I)C 3.031(na)-5.531 G .531(ddition to the standard)-3.031 F F2 +(printf)3.032 E F0 .532(\(1\) format speci\214cations,)B F1(printf)3.032 +E F0 .532(interprets the follo)3.032 F(w-)-.25 E(ing e)144 715.2 Q +(xtensions:)-.15 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(70) +188.45 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 71 71 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF(%b)144 84 Q F0(causes)180 84 Q F1(printf)2.596 E F0 .096(to e)2.596 F +.096(xpand backslash escape sequences in the corresponding)-.15 F/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)2.596 E(gument)-.37 E F0 .095(in the)2.595 F +(same w)180 96 Q(ay as)-.1 E F1(echo \255e)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(%q)144 108 Q +F0(causes)180 108 Q F1(printf)2.51 E F0 .01(to output the corresponding) +2.51 F F2(ar)2.51 E(gument)-.37 E F0 .01 +(in a format that can be reused as shell)2.51 F(input.)180 120 Q F1(%Q) +144 132 Q F0(lik)180 132 Q(e)-.1 E F1(%q)2.5 E F0 2.5(,b)C +(ut applies an)-2.7 E 2.5(ys)-.15 G(upplied precision to the)-2.5 E F2 +(ar)2.5 E(gument)-.37 E F0(before quoting it.)2.5 E F1(%\()144 144 Q F2 +(datefmt)A F1(\)T)A F0(causes)180 156 Q F1(printf)4.404 E F0 1.904 +(to output the date-time string resulting from using)4.404 F F2(datefmt) +4.404 E F0 1.903(as a format)4.404 F .38(string for)180 168 R F2 +(strftime)2.881 E F0 2.881(\(3\). The)B(corresponding)2.881 E F2(ar) 2.881 E(gument)-.37 E F0 .381(is an inte)2.881 F .381 (ger representing the number)-.15 F .293(of seconds since the epoch.)180 -621.6 R -1 -.8(Tw o)5.293 H .293(special ar)3.593 F .293(gument v)-.18 F +180 R -1 -.8(Tw o)5.293 H .293(special ar)3.593 F .293(gument v)-.18 F .293(alues may be used: \2551 represents the)-.25 F .693 -(current time, and \2552 represents the time the shell w)180 633.6 R -.693(as in)-.1 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.194(d. If).1 F .694(no ar) -3.194 F .694(gument is speci-)-.18 F .21(\214ed, con)180 645.6 R -.15 -(ve)-.4 G .21(rsion beha).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.71(sa).15 G 2.71(si)-2.71 -G 2.71<66ad>-2.71 G 2.71(1h)-2.71 G .21(ad been gi)-2.71 F -.15(ve)-.25 -G 2.71(n. This).15 F .21(is an e)2.71 F .21(xception to the usual)-.15 F -F2(printf)2.71 E F0(beha)180 657.6 Q(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E .901 -(The %b, %q, and %T directi)144 674.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.401(sa).15 G +(current time, and \2552 represents the time the shell w)180 192 R .693 +(as in)-.1 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.194(d. If).1 F .694(no ar)3.194 +F .694(gument is speci-)-.18 F .21(\214ed, con)180 204 R -.15(ve)-.4 G +.21(rsion beha).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.71(sa).15 G 2.71(si)-2.71 G 2.71 +<66ad>-2.71 G 2.71(1h)-2.71 G .21(ad been gi)-2.71 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.71 +(n. This).15 F .21(is an e)2.71 F .21(xception to the usual)-.15 F F1 +(printf)2.71 E F0(beha)180 216 Q(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E .901 +(The %b, %q, and %T directi)144 232.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.401(sa).15 G .901(ll use the \214eld width and precision ar)-3.401 F .902 (guments from the format)-.18 F .358(speci\214cation and write that man) -144 686.4 R 2.858(yb)-.15 G .357 +144 244.8 R 2.858(yb)-.15 G .357 (ytes from \(or use that wide a \214eld for\) the e)-2.858 F .357 (xpanded ar)-.15 F(gument,)-.18 E -(which usually contains more characters than the original.)144 698.4 Q -(Ar)144 715.2 Q .463(guments to non-string format speci\214ers are trea\ +(which usually contains more characters than the original.)144 256.8 Q +(Ar)144 273.6 Q .463(guments to non-string format speci\214ers are trea\ ted as C constants, e)-.18 F .464(xcept that a leading plus or)-.15 F -1.259(minus sign is allo)144 727.2 R 1.259 +1.259(minus sign is allo)144 285.6 R 1.259 (wed, and if the leading character is a single or double quote, the v) --.25 F 1.258(alue is the)-.25 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 January 17) -141.79 E(70)190.95 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 71 71 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(ASCII v)144 84 Q -(alue of the follo)-.25 E(wing character)-.25 E(.)-.55 E(The)144 100.8 Q -/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(format)2.514 E F0 .015 -(is reused as necessary to consume all of the)2.514 F F1(ar)2.515 E -(guments)-.37 E F0 5.015(.I)C 2.515(ft)-5.015 G(he)-2.515 E F1(format) -2.515 E F0 .015(requires more)2.515 F F1(ar)2.515 E(-)-.2 E(guments)144 -112.8 Q F0 .566(than are supplied, the e)3.066 F .566 +-.25 F 1.258(alue is the)-.25 F(ASCII v)144 297.6 Q(alue of the follo) +-.25 E(wing character)-.25 E(.)-.55 E(The)144 314.4 Q F2(format)2.514 E +F0 .015(is reused as necessary to consume all of the)2.514 F F2(ar)2.515 +E(guments)-.37 E F0 5.015(.I)C 2.515(ft)-5.015 G(he)-2.515 E F2(format) +2.515 E F0 .015(requires more)2.515 F F2(ar)2.515 E(-)-.2 E(guments)144 +326.4 Q F0 .566(than are supplied, the e)3.066 F .566 (xtra format speci\214cations beha)-.15 F .866 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 3.066(si) .15 G 3.065(faz)-3.066 G .565(ero v)-3.065 F .565(alue or null string,) --.25 F(as appropriate, had been supplied.)144 124.8 Q(The return v)5 E -(alue is zero on success, non-zero on f)-.25 E(ailure.)-.1 E/F2 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(pushd)108 141.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2A F0 2.5(][)C(+) --2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C-2.5 E F1(n)A F0(])A F2(pushd)108 153.6 Q -F0([)2.5 E F2A F0 2.5(][)C F1(dir)-2.5 E F0(])A .639(Adds a direc\ -tory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates the stack, making th\ -e ne)144 165.6 R 3.14(wt)-.25 G .64(op of the)-3.14 F .089 -(stack the current w)144 177.6 R .089(orking directory)-.1 F 5.089(.W) --.65 G .089(ith no ar)-5.489 F(guments,)-.18 E F2(pushd)2.589 E F0 -.15 -(ex)2.588 G .088(changes the top tw).15 F 2.588(oe)-.1 G .088 -(lements of)-2.588 F(the directory stack.)144 189.6 Q(Ar)5 E -(guments, if supplied, ha)-.18 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E -(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2144 201.6 Q F0 1.811(Suppresses the norm\ -al change of directory when rotating or adding directories to the)180 -201.6 R(stack, so that only the stack is manipulated.)180 213.6 Q F2(+) -144 225.6 Q F1(n)A F0 1.268(Rotates the stack so that the)180 225.6 R F1 -(n)3.768 E F0 1.267 -(th directory \(counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.267(wn by) --.25 F F2(dirs)180 237.6 Q F0 2.5(,s)C -(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)-2.5 E F2144 249.6 Q F1(n)A F0 -.92(Rotates the stack so that the)180 249.6 R F1(n)3.42 E F0 .92 +-.25 F(as appropriate, had been supplied.)144 338.4 Q(The return v)5 E +(alue is zero on success, non-zero on f)-.25 E(ailure.)-.1 E F1(pushd) +108 355.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F2(n)A F0 2.5(][)C +-2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A F1(pushd)108 367.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F0 +2.5(][)C F2(dir)-2.5 E F0(])A .639(Adds a directory to the top of the d\ +irectory stack, or rotates the stack, making the ne)144 379.2 R 3.14(wt) +-.25 G .64(op of the)-3.14 F .089(stack the current w)144 391.2 R .089 +(orking directory)-.1 F 5.089(.W)-.65 G .089(ith no ar)-5.489 F +(guments,)-.18 E F1(pushd)2.589 E F0 -.15(ex)2.588 G .088 +(changes the top tw).15 F 2.588(oe)-.1 G .088(lements of)-2.588 F +(the directory stack.)144 403.2 Q(Ar)5 E(guments, if supplied, ha)-.18 E +.3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1144 +415.2 Q F0 1.811(Suppresses the normal change of directory when rotatin\ +g or adding directories to the)180 415.2 R +(stack, so that only the stack is manipulated.)180 427.2 Q F1(+)144 +439.2 Q F2(n)A F0 1.268(Rotates the stack so that the)180 439.2 R F2(n) +3.768 E F0 1.267(th directory \(counting from the left of the list sho)B +1.267(wn by)-.25 F F1(dirs)180 451.2 Q F0 2.5(,s)C +(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)-2.5 E F1144 463.2 Q F2(n)A F0 +.92(Rotates the stack so that the)180 463.2 R F2(n)3.42 E F0 .92 (th directory \(counting from the right of the list sho)B .92(wn by)-.25 -F F2(dirs)180 261.6 Q F0 2.5(,s)C(tarting with zero\) is at the top.) --2.5 E F1(dir)144.35 273.6 Q F0(Adds)180 273.6 Q F1(dir)2.85 E F0 +F F1(dirs)180 475.2 Q F0 2.5(,s)C(tarting with zero\) is at the top.) +-2.5 E F2(dir)144.35 487.2 Q F0(Adds)180 487.2 Q F2(dir)2.85 E F0 (to the directory stack at the top)3.23 E .435 -(After the stack has been modi\214ed, if the)144 290.4 R F22.935 E -F0 .434(option w)2.934 F .434(as not supplied,)-.1 F F2(pushd)2.934 E F0 -.434(uses the)2.934 F F2(cd)2.934 E F0 -.2(bu)2.934 G .434(iltin to).2 F -(change to the directory at the top of the stack.)144 302.4 Q(If the)5 E -F2(cd)2.5 E F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils,).1 E F2(pushd)2.5 E F0 +(After the stack has been modi\214ed, if the)144 504 R F12.935 E +F0 .434(option w)2.934 F .434(as not supplied,)-.1 F F1(pushd)2.934 E F0 +.434(uses the)2.934 F F1(cd)2.934 E F0 -.2(bu)2.934 G .434(iltin to).2 F +(change to the directory at the top of the stack.)144 516 Q(If the)5 E +F1(cd)2.5 E F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils,).1 E F1(pushd)2.5 E F0 (returns a non-zero v)2.5 E(alue.)-.25 E 1.78(Otherwise, if no ar)144 -319.2 R 1.78(guments are supplied,)-.18 F F2(pushd)4.28 E F0 1.78 +532.8 R 1.78(guments are supplied,)-.18 F F1(pushd)4.28 E F0 1.78 (returns 0 unless the directory stack is empty)4.28 F(.)-.65 E .093 -(When rotating the directory stack,)144 331.2 R F2(pushd)2.593 E F0 .092 +(When rotating the directory stack,)144 544.8 R F1(pushd)2.593 E F0 .092 (returns 0 unless the directory stack is empty or a non-e)2.593 F(x-) --.15 E(istent directory stack element is speci\214ed.)144 343.2 Q 1.277 -(If the)144 360 R F2(pushd)3.777 E F0 1.277 -(command is successful, bash runs)3.777 F F2(dirs)3.777 E F0 1.278 +-.15 E(istent directory stack element is speci\214ed.)144 556.8 Q 1.277 +(If the)144 573.6 R F1(pushd)3.777 E F0 1.277 +(command is successful, bash runs)3.777 F F1(dirs)3.777 E F0 1.278 (to sho)3.778 F 3.778(wt)-.25 G 1.278 -(he \214nal contents of the directory)-3.778 F(stack.)144 372 Q F2(pwd) -108 388.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255LP)A F0(])A .845 -(Print the absolute pathname of the current w)144 400.8 R .845 +(he \214nal contents of the directory)-3.778 F(stack.)144 585.6 Q F1 +(pwd)108 602.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255LP)A F0(])A .845 +(Print the absolute pathname of the current w)144 614.4 R .845 (orking directory)-.1 F 5.844(.T)-.65 G .844 (he pathname printed contains no)-5.844 F .181(symbolic links if the)144 -412.8 R F22.681 E F0 .181(option is supplied or the)2.681 F F2 -.181(\255o ph)2.681 F(ysical)-.15 E F0 .181(option to the)2.681 F F2 +626.4 R F12.681 E F0 .181(option is supplied or the)2.681 F F1 +.181(\255o ph)2.681 F(ysical)-.15 E F0 .181(option to the)2.681 F F1 (set)2.681 E F0 -.2(bu)2.681 G .182(iltin command is).2 F 3.264 -(enabled. If)144 424.8 R(the)3.264 E F23.264 E F0 .763 +(enabled. If)144 638.4 R(the)3.264 E F13.264 E F0 .763 (option is used, the pathname printed may contain symbolic links.)3.264 F .763(The return)5.763 F .405(status is 0 unless an error occurs while\ - reading the name of the current directory or an in)144 436.8 R -.25(va) --.4 G .405(lid op-).25 F(tion is supplied.)144 448.8 Q F2 -.18(re)108 -465.6 S(ad).18 E F0([)3.817 E F2(\255ers)A F0 3.817(][)C F2-3.817 -E F1(aname)3.817 E F0 3.817(][)C F2-3.817 E F1(delim)3.817 E F0 -3.817(][)C F2-3.817 E F1(te)3.817 E(xt)-.2 E F0 3.817(][)C F2 --3.817 E F1(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.816(][)C F2 --3.816 E F1(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.816(][)C F2-3.816 E -F1(pr)3.816 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 3.816(][)C F2-3.816 E F1(timeout) -3.816 E F0 3.816(][)C F2-3.816 E F1(fd)3.816 E F0(])A([)108 477.6 -Q F1(name)A F0(...])2.5 E .516(One line is read from the standard input\ -, or from the \214le descriptor)144 489.6 R F1(fd)3.016 E F0 .516 -(supplied as an ar)3.016 F .517(gument to)-.18 F(the)144 501.6 Q F2 + reading the name of the current directory or an in)144 650.4 R -.25(va) +-.4 G .405(lid op-).25 F(tion is supplied.)144 662.4 Q F1 -.18(re)108 +679.2 S(ad).18 E F0([)3.817 E F1(\255ers)A F0 3.817(][)C F1-3.817 +E F2(aname)3.817 E F0 3.817(][)C F1-3.817 E F2(delim)3.817 E F0 +3.817(][)C F1-3.817 E F2(te)3.817 E(xt)-.2 E F0 3.817(][)C F1 +-3.817 E F2(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.816(][)C F1 +-3.816 E F2(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.816(][)C F1-3.816 E +F2(pr)3.816 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 3.816(][)C F1-3.816 E F2(timeout) +3.816 E F0 3.816(][)C F1-3.816 E F2(fd)3.816 E F0(])A([)108 691.2 +Q F2(name)A F0(...])2.5 E .516(One line is read from the standard input\ +, or from the \214le descriptor)144 703.2 R F2(fd)3.016 E F0 .516 +(supplied as an ar)3.016 F .517(gument to)-.18 F(the)144 715.2 Q F1 2.936 E F0 .436(option, split into w)2.936 F .435 -(ords as described abo)-.1 F .735 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2 -.75 +(ords as described abo)-.1 F .735 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.75 (Wo)2.935 G .435(rd Splitting).75 F F0 2.935(,a)C .435(nd the \214rst w) --2.935 F .435(ord is as-)-.1 F .375(signed to the \214rst)144 513.6 R F1 +-2.935 F .435(ord is as-)-.1 F .375(signed to the \214rst)144 727.2 R F2 (name)3.235 E F0 2.876(,t).18 G .376(he second w)-2.876 F .376 -(ord to the second)-.1 F F1(name)3.236 E F0 2.876(,a).18 G .376 -(nd so on.)-2.876 F .376(If there are more w)5.376 F(ords)-.1 E .237 -(than names, the remaining w)144 525.6 R .237(ords and their interv)-.1 -F .237(ening delimiters are assigned to the last)-.15 F F1(name)3.096 E -F0 5.236(.I).18 G(f)-5.236 E .874(there are fe)144 537.6 R .874(wer w) --.25 F .875(ords read from the input stream than names, the remaining n\ -ames are assigned)-.1 F .518(empty v)144 549.6 R 3.018(alues. The)-.25 F -.518(characters in)3.018 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)3.018 E F0 .518 -(are used to split the line into w)2.768 F .517 -(ords using the same rules the)-.1 F .026(shell uses for e)144 561.6 R -.026(xpansion \(described abo)-.15 F .326 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2 --.75(Wo)2.526 G .026(rd Splitting).75 F F0 2.526(\). The)B .026 -(backslash character \()2.526 F F2(\\)A F0 2.527(\)m)C(ay)-2.527 E .489 -(be used to remo)144 573.6 R .788 -.15(ve a)-.15 H .788 -.15(ny s).15 H -.488(pecial meaning for the ne).15 F .488 -(xt character read and for line continuation.)-.15 F(Op-)5.488 E -(tions, if supplied, ha)144 585.6 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E -(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2144 597.6 Q F1(aname)2.5 E F0 1.025 -(The w)180 609.6 R 1.026 -(ords are assigned to sequential indices of the array v)-.1 F(ariable) --.25 E F1(aname)3.856 E F0 3.526(,s).18 G 1.026(tarting at 0.)-3.526 F -F1(aname)180.33 621.6 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68 E 2.5(yn)-.15 G .5 --.25(ew va)-2.5 H(lues are assigned.).25 E(Other)5 E F1(name)2.5 E F0 -(ar)2.5 E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F2144 633.6 Q F1(delim)2.5 E -F0 .281(The \214rst character of)180 645.6 R F1(delim)2.781 E F0 .281 -(is used to terminate the input line, rather than ne)2.781 F 2.78 -(wline. If)-.25 F F1(de-)2.78 E(lim)180 657.6 Q F0(is the empty string,) -2.5 E F2 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad).18 E F0 -(will terminate a line when it reads a NUL character)2.5 E(.)-.55 E F2 -144 669.6 Q F0 .372 -(If the standard input is coming from a terminal,)180 669.6 R F2 -.18 -(re)2.873 G(adline).18 E F0(\(see)2.873 E F3(READLINE)2.873 E F0(abo) -2.623 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.873(\)i).15 G 2.873(su)-2.873 G(sed)-2.873 E -.218(to obtain the line.)180 681.6 R .218 -(Readline uses the current \(or def)5.218 F .218 -(ault, if line editing w)-.1 F .218(as not pre)-.1 F(viously)-.25 E -(acti)180 693.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(\)e).15 G(diting settings, b)-2.5 E -(ut uses Readline')-.2 E 2.5(sd)-.55 G(ef)-2.5 E -(ault \214lename completion.)-.1 E F2144 705.6 Q F1(te)2.5 E(xt) --.2 E F0(If)180 705.6 Q F2 -.18(re)2.715 G(adline).18 E F0 .216 -(is being used to read the line,)2.715 F F1(te)2.716 E(xt)-.2 E F0 .216 -(is placed into the editing b)2.716 F(uf)-.2 E .216(fer before edit-) --.25 F(ing be)180 717.6 Q(gins.)-.15 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q -(2022 January 17)141.79 E(71)190.95 E 0 Cg EP +(ord to the second)-.1 F F2(name)3.236 E F0 2.876(,a).18 G .376 +(nd so on.)-2.876 F .376(If there are more w)5.376 F(ords)-.1 E +(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(71)188.45 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 72 72 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF144 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 --.18(re)180 96 S(ad).18 E F0 .323(returns after reading)2.823 F F2(nc) -2.823 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 .323(characters rather than w)2.823 F .323 -(aiting for a complete line of in-)-.1 F(put, b)180 108 Q -(ut honors a delimiter if fe)-.2 E(wer than)-.25 E F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 -E(s)-.1 E F0(characters are read before the delimiter)2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1 -144 120 Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 132 S(ad) -.18 E F0 1.269(returns after reading e)3.769 F(xactly)-.15 E F2(nc)3.769 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .237 +(than names, the remaining w)144 84 R .237(ords and their interv)-.1 F +.237(ening delimiters are assigned to the last)-.15 F/F1 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)3.096 E F0 5.236(.I).18 G(f)-5.236 E .874 +(there are fe)144 96 R .874(wer w)-.25 F .875(ords read from the input \ +stream than names, the remaining names are assigned)-.1 F .518(empty v) +144 108 R 3.018(alues. The)-.25 F .518(characters in)3.018 F/F2 9 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)3.018 E F0 .518(are used to split the line into w) +2.768 F .517(ords using the same rules the)-.1 F .026(shell uses for e) +144 120 R .026(xpansion \(described abo)-.15 F .326 -.15(ve u)-.15 H +(nder).15 E/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -.75(Wo)2.526 G .026(rd Splitting).75 +F F0 2.526(\). The)B .026(backslash character \()2.526 F F3(\\)A F0 +2.527(\)m)C(ay)-2.527 E .489(be used to remo)144 132 R .788 -.15(ve a) +-.15 H .788 -.15(ny s).15 H .488(pecial meaning for the ne).15 F .488 +(xt character read and for line continuation.)-.15 F(Op-)5.488 E +(tions, if supplied, ha)144 144 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E +(wing meanings:)-.25 E F3144 156 Q F1(aname)2.5 E F0 1.025(The w) +180 168 R 1.026(ords are assigned to sequential indices of the array v) +-.1 F(ariable)-.25 E F1(aname)3.856 E F0 3.526(,s).18 G 1.026 +(tarting at 0.)-3.526 F F1(aname)180.33 180 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68 +E 2.5(yn)-.15 G .5 -.25(ew va)-2.5 H(lues are assigned.).25 E(Other)5 E +F1(name)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F3144 192 Q +F1(delim)2.5 E F0 .281(The \214rst character of)180 204 R F1(delim)2.781 +E F0 .281(is used to terminate the input line, rather than ne)2.781 F +2.78(wline. If)-.25 F F1(de-)2.78 E(lim)180 216 Q F0 +(is the empty string,)2.5 E F3 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad).18 E F0 +(will terminate a line when it reads a NUL character)2.5 E(.)-.55 E F3 +144 228 Q F0 .372 +(If the standard input is coming from a terminal,)180 228 R F3 -.18(re) +2.873 G(adline).18 E F0(\(see)2.873 E F2(READLINE)2.873 E F0(abo)2.623 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G 2.873(\)i).15 G 2.873(su)-2.873 G(sed)-2.873 E .218 +(to obtain the line.)180 240 R .218(Readline uses the current \(or def) +5.218 F .218(ault, if line editing w)-.1 F .218(as not pre)-.1 F +(viously)-.25 E(acti)180 252 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(\)e).15 G +(diting settings, b)-2.5 E(ut uses Readline')-.2 E 2.5(sd)-.55 G(ef)-2.5 +E(ault \214lename completion.)-.1 E F3144 264 Q F1(te)2.5 E(xt)-.2 +E F0(If)180 264 Q F3 -.18(re)2.715 G(adline).18 E F0 .216 +(is being used to read the line,)2.715 F F1(te)2.716 E(xt)-.2 E F0 .216 +(is placed into the editing b)2.716 F(uf)-.2 E .216(fer before edit-) +-.25 F(ing be)180 276 Q(gins.)-.15 E F3144 288 Q F1(nc)2.5 E(har) +-.15 E(s)-.1 E F3 -.18(re)180 300 S(ad).18 E F0 .323 +(returns after reading)2.823 F F1(nc)2.823 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 .323 +(characters rather than w)2.823 F .323 +(aiting for a complete line of in-)-.1 F(put, b)180 312 Q +(ut honors a delimiter if fe)-.2 E(wer than)-.25 E F1(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 +E(s)-.1 E F0(characters are read before the delimiter)2.5 E(.)-.55 E F3 +144 324 Q F1(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F3 -.18(re)180 336 S(ad) +.18 E F0 1.269(returns after reading e)3.769 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(nc)3.769 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.269(characters rather than w)3.769 F 1.27 (aiting for a complete)-.1 F .275 -(line of input, unless EOF is encountered or)180 144 R F1 -.18(re)2.775 +(line of input, unless EOF is encountered or)180 348 R F3 -.18(re)2.775 G(ad).18 E F0 .274(times out.)2.774 F .274(Delimiter characters encoun-) 5.274 F 1.002 -(tered in the input are not treated specially and do not cause)180 156 R -F1 -.18(re)3.503 G(ad).18 E F0 1.003(to return until)3.503 F F2(nc)3.503 -E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 .609(characters are read.)180 168 R .608 -(The result is not split on the characters in)5.609 F F1(IFS)3.108 E F0 -3.108(;t)C .608(he intent is that the)-3.108 F -.25(va)180 180 S .669 +(tered in the input are not treated specially and do not cause)180 360 R +F3 -.18(re)3.503 G(ad).18 E F0 1.003(to return until)3.503 F F1(nc)3.503 +E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 .609(characters are read.)180 372 R .608 +(The result is not split on the characters in)5.609 F F3(IFS)3.108 E F0 +3.108(;t)C .608(he intent is that the)-3.108 F -.25(va)180 384 S .669 (riable is assigned e).25 F .669 (xactly the characters read \(with the e)-.15 F .67 -(xception of backslash; see the)-.15 F F1180 192 Q F0(option belo) -2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1144 204 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 E F0(Display) -180 216 Q F2(pr)3.661 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161(on standard error)3.661 F +(xception of backslash; see the)-.15 F F3180 396 Q F0(option belo) +2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F3144 408 Q F1(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 E F0(Display) +180 420 Q F1(pr)3.661 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161(on standard error)3.661 F 3.661(,w)-.4 G 1.161(ithout a trailing ne)-3.661 F 1.161 -(wline, before attempting to read)-.25 F(an)180 228 Q 2.5(yi)-.15 G 2.5 +(wline, before attempting to read)-.25 F(an)180 432 Q 2.5(yi)-.15 G 2.5 (nput. The)-2.5 F -(prompt is displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.)2.5 E F1 -144 240 Q F0 .543(Backslash does not act as an escape character) -180 240 R 5.543(.T)-.55 G .544(he backslash is considered to be part of) --5.543 F .493(the line.)180 252 R .493(In particular)5.493 F 2.993(,ab) +(prompt is displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.)2.5 E F3 +144 444 Q F0 .543(Backslash does not act as an escape character) +180 444 R 5.543(.T)-.55 G .544(he backslash is considered to be part of) +-5.543 F .493(the line.)180 456 R .493(In particular)5.493 F 2.993(,ab) -.4 G(ackslash-ne)-2.993 E .493 (wline pair may not then be used as a line continua-)-.25 F(tion.)180 -264 Q F1144 276 Q F0(Silent mode.)180 276 Q -(If input is coming from a terminal, characters are not echoed.)5 E F1 -144 288 Q F2(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 300 Q F1 -.18(re)2.928 G +468 Q F3144 480 Q F0(Silent mode.)180 480 Q +(If input is coming from a terminal, characters are not echoed.)5 E F3 +144 492 Q F1(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 504 Q F3 -.18(re)2.928 G (ad).18 E F0 .428(to time out and return f)2.928 F .428 (ailure if a complete line of input \(or a speci\214ed num-)-.1 F .561 -(ber of characters\) is not read within)180 312 R F2(timeout)3.061 E F0 -(seconds.)3.061 E F2(timeout)5.561 E F0 .56(may be a decimal number) -3.061 F(with a fractional portion follo)180 324 Q +(ber of characters\) is not read within)180 516 R F1(timeout)3.061 E F0 +(seconds.)3.061 E F1(timeout)5.561 E F0 .56(may be a decimal number) +3.061 F(with a fractional portion follo)180 528 Q (wing the decimal point.)-.25 E(This option is only ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E -.3 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(f).15 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad).18 E F0 .506(is readin\ +.3 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(f).15 E F3 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad).18 E F0 .506(is readin\ g input from a terminal, pipe, or other special \214le; it has no ef)180 -336 R .505(fect when reading)-.25 F .589(from re)180 348 R .589 -(gular \214les.)-.15 F(If)5.589 E F1 -.18(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0 .589 -(times out,)3.089 F F1 -.18(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0(sa)3.089 E -.15(ve) +540 R .505(fect when reading)-.25 F .589(from re)180 552 R .589 +(gular \214les.)-.15 F(If)5.589 E F3 -.18(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0 .589 +(times out,)3.089 F F3 -.18(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0(sa)3.089 E -.15(ve) -.2 G 3.089(sa).15 G .889 -.15(ny p)-3.089 H .59 -(artial input read into the speci\214ed).15 F -.25(va)180 360 S(riable) -.25 E F2(name)2.77 E F0 5.27(.I)C(f)-5.27 E F2(timeout)2.77 E F0 .27 -(is 0,)2.77 F F1 -.18(re)2.77 G(ad).18 E F0 .27(returns immediately)2.77 +(artial input read into the speci\214ed).15 F -.25(va)180 564 S(riable) +.25 E F1(name)2.77 E F0 5.27(.I)C(f)-5.27 E F1(timeout)2.77 E F0 .27 +(is 0,)2.77 F F3 -.18(re)2.77 G(ad).18 E F0 .27(returns immediately)2.77 F 2.77(,w)-.65 G .27(ithout trying to read an)-2.77 F 2.77(yd)-.15 G -(ata.)-2.77 E .227(The e)180 372 R .228(xit status is 0 if input is a) +(ata.)-2.77 E .227(The e)180 576 R .228(xit status is 0 if input is a) -.15 F -.25(va)-.2 G .228(ilable on the speci\214ed \214le descriptor) .25 F 2.728(,o)-.4 G 2.728(rt)-2.728 G .228(he read will re-)-2.728 F -1.225(turn EOF)180 384 R 3.725(,n)-.8 G 1.225(on-zero otherwise.)-3.725 +1.225(turn EOF)180 588 R 3.725(,n)-.8 G 1.225(on-zero otherwise.)-3.725 F 1.225(The e)6.225 F 1.225 (xit status is greater than 128 if the timeout is e)-.15 F(x-)-.15 E -(ceeded.)180 396 Q F1144 408 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0 -(Read input from \214le descriptor)180 408 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .522 -(If no)144 424.8 R F2(names)3.382 E F0 .522 +(ceeded.)180 600 Q F3144 612 Q F1(fd)2.5 E F0 +(Read input from \214le descriptor)180 612 Q F1(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .522 +(If no)144 628.8 R F1(names)3.382 E F0 .522 (are supplied, the line read, without the ending delimiter b)3.292 F .522(ut otherwise unmodi\214ed, is)-.2 F 1.187(assigned to the v)144 -436.8 R(ariable)-.25 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(REPL)3.686 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9 -/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 1.186(The e)5.686 F 1.186 -(xit status is zero, unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)-.15 F F1 -.18 +640.8 R(ariable)-.25 E F2(REPL)3.686 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF +(.)A F0 1.186(The e)5.686 F 1.186 +(xit status is zero, unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)-.15 F F3 -.18 (re)3.686 G(ad).18 E F0 .96 (times out \(in which case the status is greater than 128\), a v)144 -448.8 R .961(ariable assignment error \(such as as-)-.25 F .707 -(signing to a readonly v)144 460.8 R .706(ariable\) occurs, or an in) +652.8 R .961(ariable assignment error \(such as as-)-.25 F .707 +(signing to a readonly v)144 664.8 R .706(ariable\) occurs, or an in) -.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .706(lid \214le descriptor is supplied as the ar) -.25 F .706(gument to)-.18 F F1144 472.8 Q F0(.)A F1 -.18(re)108 -489.6 S(adonly).18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAf)A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E -F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 2.5(].)C(..]) --2.5 E .77(The gi)144 501.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E F2(names)3.27 E F0 +.25 F .706(gument to)-.18 F F3144 676.8 Q F0(.)A F3 -.18(re)108 +693.6 S(adonly).18 E F0([)2.5 E F3(\255aAf)A F0 2.5(][)C F3-2.5 E +F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 2.5(].)C(..]) +-2.5 E .77(The gi)144 705.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E F1(names)3.27 E F0 .77(are mark)3.27 F .77(ed readonly; the v)-.1 F .77(alues of these)-.25 -F F2(names)3.63 E F0 .77(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.097 -(quent assignment.)144 513.6 R 1.097(If the)6.097 F F13.597 E F0 -1.097(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.597 F F2 -(names)3.596 E F0 1.096(are so)3.596 F(mark)144 525.6 Q 3.334(ed. The) --.1 F F13.334 E F0 .834(option restricts the v)3.334 F .834 -(ariables to inde)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.334(da).15 G .834(rrays; the) --3.334 F F13.334 E F0 .834(option restricts the v)3.334 F(ari-) --.25 E .777(ables to associati)144 537.6 R 1.077 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 3.277 -(rrays. If).15 F .777(both options are supplied,)3.277 F F13.277 E -F0(tak)3.277 E .776(es precedence.)-.1 F .776(If no)5.776 F F2(name) -3.636 E F0(ar)3.456 E(gu-)-.18 E .521(ments are gi)144 549.6 R -.15(ve) --.25 G .521(n, or if the).15 F F13.021 E F0 .521 -(option is supplied, a list of all readonly names is printed.)3.021 F -.522(The other)5.521 F .295(options may be used to restrict the output \ -to a subset of the set of readonly names.)144 561.6 R(The)5.295 E F1 -2.795 E F0(option)2.795 E .786 -(causes output to be displayed in a format that may be reused as input.) -144 573.6 R .786(If a v)5.786 F .786(ariable name is fol-)-.25 F(lo)144 -585.6 Q .718(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 3.218(,t)C .718(he v) --3.218 F .718(alue of the v)-.25 F .718(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor) -3.218 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.718(.T)C .718(he return status is 0 unless an in) --5.718 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .26(option is encountered, one of the) -144 597.6 R F2(names)3.12 E F0 .26(is not a v)3.03 F .26(alid shell v) --.25 F .26(ariable name, or)-.25 F F12.76 E F0 .26 -(is supplied with a)2.76 F F2(name)144.36 609.6 Q F0 -(that is not a function.)2.68 E F1 -.18(re)108 626.4 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15 -E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .021(Causes a function to stop e)144 638.4 R +F F1(names)3.63 E F0 .77(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.097 +(quent assignment.)144 717.6 R 1.097(If the)6.097 F F33.597 E F0 +1.097(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.597 F F1 +(names)3.596 E F0 1.096(are so)3.596 F(mark)144 729.6 Q 4.902(ed. The) +-.1 F F34.902 E F0 2.403(option restricts the v)4.903 F 2.403 +(ariables to inde)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 4.903(da).15 G 2.403(rrays; the) +-4.903 F F34.903 E F0 2.403(option restricts the)4.903 F +(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(72)188.45 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 73 73 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E -.25(va)144 84 S +.425(riables to associati).25 F .725 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 2.925(rrays. If) +.15 F .425(both options are supplied,)2.925 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF +2.925 E F0(tak)2.925 E .424(es precedence.)-.1 F .424(If no)5.424 +F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)3.284 E F0(ar)3.104 E(-)-.2 E 1.275 +(guments are gi)144 96 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.275(n, or if the).15 F F1 +3.775 E F0 1.275 +(option is supplied, a list of all readonly names is printed.)3.775 F +(The)6.275 E .559(other options may be used to restrict the output to a\ + subset of the set of readonly names.)144 108 R(The)5.559 E F1 +3.058 E F0 .2(option causes output to be displayed in a format that may\ + be reused as input.)144 120 R .201(If a v)5.201 F .201(ariable name is) +-.25 F(follo)144 132 Q .134(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 2.634 +(,t)C .133(he v)-2.634 F .133(alue of the v)-.25 F .133 +(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)2.633 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.133(.T)C .133 +(he return status is 0 unless an in)-5.133 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .26 +(option is encountered, one of the)144 144 R F2(names)3.12 E F0 .26 +(is not a v)3.03 F .26(alid shell v)-.25 F .26(ariable name, or)-.25 F +F12.76 E F0 .26(is supplied with a)2.76 F F2(name)144.36 156 Q F0 +(that is not a function.)2.68 E F1 -.18(re)108 172.8 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15 +E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .021(Causes a function to stop e)144 184.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .021(cuting and return the v).15 F .021 (alue speci\214ed by)-.25 F F2(n)2.88 E F0 .02(to its caller)2.76 F 5.02 (.I)-.55 G(f)-5.02 E F2(n)2.88 E F0 .02(is omitted,)2.76 F .596 -(the return status is that of the last command e)144 650.4 R -.15(xe) +(the return status is that of the last command e)144 196.8 R -.15(xe) -.15 G .597(cuted in the function body).15 F 5.597(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.597 E F1 -.18(re)3.097 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .597(is e)3.097 F -.15(xe)-.15 -G(cuted).15 E .267(by a trap handler)144 662.4 R 2.767(,t)-.4 G .267 +G(cuted).15 E .267(by a trap handler)144 208.8 R 2.767(,t)-.4 G .267 (he last command used to determine the status is the last command e) -2.767 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .267(cuted be-).15 F .02(fore the trap handler) -144 674.4 R 5.02(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.02 E F1 -.18(re)2.52 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 +144 220.8 R 5.02(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.02 E F1 -.18(re)2.52 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .02(is e)2.52 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .02(cuted during a).15 F F1(DEB)2.52 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .02(trap, the last command used to deter)2.52 F(-)-.2 E -.886(mine the status is the last command e)144 686.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G +.886(mine the status is the last command e)144 232.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .886(cuted by the trap handler before).15 F F1 -.18(re)3.385 G(tur).18 E (n)-.15 E F0 -.1(wa)3.385 G 3.385(si).1 G -1.9 -.4(nv o)-3.385 H -.1(ke) -.4 G 3.385(d. If).1 F F1 -.18(re)144 698.4 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .627 +.4 G 3.385(d. If).1 F F1 -.18(re)144 244.8 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .627 (is used outside a function, b)3.127 F .628(ut during e)-.2 F -.15(xe) -.15 G .628(cution of a script by the).15 F F1(.)3.128 E F0(\()5.628 E F1(sour)A(ce)-.18 E F0 3.128(\)c)C .628(ommand, it)-3.128 F .589 -(causes the shell to stop e)144 710.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .589 +(causes the shell to stop e)144 256.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .589 (cuting that script and return either).15 F F2(n)3.448 E F0 .588 (or the e)3.328 F .588(xit status of the last com-)-.15 F .325(mand e) -144 722.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .325(cuted within the script as the e).15 F +144 268.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .325(cuted within the script as the e).15 F .326(xit status of the script.)-.15 F(If)5.326 E F2(n)2.826 E F0 .326 -(is supplied, the return v)2.826 F .326(alue is)-.25 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 -768 Q(2022 January 17)141.79 E(72)190.95 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 73 73 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .445 -(its least signi\214cant 8 bits.)144 84 R .444 -(The return status is non-zero if)5.445 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -.18(re) -2.944 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .444(is supplied a non-numeric ar)2.944 F -(gu-)-.18 E .381(ment, or is used outside a function and not during e) -144 96 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .381(cution of a script by).15 F F1(.)2.881 E F0 -(or)3.714 E F1(sour)2.881 E(ce)-.18 E F0 5.381(.A)C .681 -.15(ny c) --5.381 H(om-).15 E .75(mand associated with the)144 108 R F1(RETURN) -3.249 E F0 .749(trap is e)3.249 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .749(cuted before e).15 -F -.15(xe)-.15 G .749(cution resumes after the function).15 F -(or script.)144 120 Q F1(set)108 136.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 -(\255abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(option\255name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F0 -2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E F1 -(set)108 148.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(+o) +(is supplied, the return v)2.826 F .326(alue is)-.25 F .445 +(its least signi\214cant 8 bits.)144 280.8 R .444 +(The return status is non-zero if)5.445 F F1 -.18(re)2.944 G(tur).18 E +(n)-.15 E F0 .444(is supplied a non-numeric ar)2.944 F(gu-)-.18 E .381 +(ment, or is used outside a function and not during e)144 292.8 R -.15 +(xe)-.15 G .381(cution of a script by).15 F F1(.)2.881 E F0(or)3.714 E +F1(sour)2.881 E(ce)-.18 E F0 5.381(.A)C .681 -.15(ny c)-5.381 H(om-).15 +E .75(mand associated with the)144 304.8 R F1(RETURN)3.249 E F0 .749 +(trap is e)3.249 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .749(cuted before e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 +G .749(cution resumes after the function).15 F(or script.)144 316.8 Q F1 +(set)108 333.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1 +-2.5 E F2(option\255name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F0 2.5 +(][)C F1-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E F1 +(set)108 345.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(+o) -2.5 E F2(option\255name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1 -2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 -160.8 S .573(thout options, display the name and v).4 F .573 +357.6 S .573(thout options, display the name and v).4 F .573 (alue of each shell v)-.25 F .574 (ariable in a format that can be reused)-.25 F .113 -(as input for setting or resetting the currently-set v)144 172.8 R 2.613 +(as input for setting or resetting the currently-set v)144 369.6 R 2.613 (ariables. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)2.613 G .113 -(riables cannot be reset.).25 F(In)5.112 E F2 1.032(posix mode)144 184.8 +(riables cannot be reset.).25 F(In)5.112 E F2 1.032(posix mode)144 381.6 R F0 3.532(,o)C 1.032(nly shell v)-3.532 F 1.032(ariables are listed.) -.25 F 1.032(The output is sorted according to the current locale.)6.032 -F .581(When options are speci\214ed, the)144 196.8 R 3.081(ys)-.15 G +F .581(When options are speci\214ed, the)144 393.6 R 3.081(ys)-.15 G .581(et or unset shell attrib)-3.081 F 3.081(utes. An)-.2 F 3.08(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-3.08 G .58(uments remaining after op-).18 F .16 -(tion processing are treated as v)144 208.8 R .161 +(tion processing are treated as v)144 405.6 R .161 (alues for the positional parameters and are assigned, in order)-.25 F -2.661(,t)-.4 G(o)-2.661 E F1($1)2.661 E F0(,)A F1($2)144 220.8 Q F0(,)A +2.661(,t)-.4 G(o)-2.661 E F1($1)2.661 E F0(,)A F1($2)144 417.6 Q F0(,)A F1 2.5(... $)2.5 F F2(n)A F0 5(.O)C(ptions, if speci\214ed, ha)-5 E .3 --.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1144 232.8 Q -F0 1.378(Each v)184 232.8 R 1.377 +-.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1144 429.6 Q +F0 1.378(Each v)184 429.6 R 1.377 (ariable or function that is created or modi\214ed is gi)-.25 F -.15(ve) -.25 G 3.877(nt).15 G 1.377(he e)-3.877 F 1.377(xport attrib)-.15 F -1.377(ute and)-.2 F(mark)184 244.8 Q(ed for e)-.1 E(xport to the en)-.15 -E(vironment of subsequent commands.)-.4 E F1144 256.8 Q F0 .131 -(Report the status of terminated background jobs immediately)184 256.8 R +1.377(ute and)-.2 F(mark)184 441.6 Q(ed for e)-.1 E(xport to the en)-.15 +E(vironment of subsequent commands.)-.4 E F1144 453.6 Q F0 .131 +(Report the status of terminated background jobs immediately)184 453.6 R 2.632(,r)-.65 G .132(ather than before the ne)-2.632 F(xt)-.15 E -(primary prompt.)184 268.8 Q(This is ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve o) --.25 H(nly when job control is enabled.).15 E F1144 280.8 Q F0 -.088(Exit immediately if a)184 280.8 R F2(pipeline)2.588 E F0 .087 +(primary prompt.)184 465.6 Q(This is ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve o) +-.25 H(nly when job control is enabled.).15 E F1144 477.6 Q F0 +.088(Exit immediately if a)184 477.6 R F2(pipeline)2.588 E F0 .087 (\(which may consist of a single)2.588 F F2 .087(simple command)2.587 F -F0 .087(\), a)B F2(list)2.587 E F0 2.587(,o)C(r)-2.587 E(a)184 292.8 Q +F0 .087(\), a)B F2(list)2.587 E F0 2.587(,o)C(r)-2.587 E(a)184 489.6 Q F2 1.52(compound command)4.02 F F0(\(see)4.021 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.521(SHELL GRAMMAR)4.021 F F0(abo)3.771 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.521(\), e) .15 F 1.521(xits with a non-zero status.)-.15 F .08 -(The shell does not e)184 304.8 R .079(xit if the command that f)-.15 F -.079(ails is part of the command list immediately)-.1 F(follo)184 316.8 +(The shell does not e)184 501.6 R .079(xit if the command that f)-.15 F +.079(ails is part of the command list immediately)-.1 F(follo)184 513.6 Q 1.654(wing a)-.25 F F1(while)4.154 E F0(or)4.154 E F1(until)4.154 E F0 -.1(ke)4.154 G(yw)-.05 E 1.655(ord, part of the test follo)-.1 F 1.655 (wing the)-.25 F F1(if)4.155 E F0(or)4.155 E F1(elif)4.155 E F0(reserv) -4.155 E(ed)-.15 E -.1(wo)184 328.8 S .582(rds, part of an).1 F 3.082(yc) +4.155 E(ed)-.15 E -.1(wo)184 525.6 S .582(rds, part of an).1 F 3.082(yc) -.15 G .582(ommand e)-3.082 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .581(cuted in a).15 F F1 (&&)3.081 E F0(or)3.081 E F1(||)3.081 E F0 .581(list e)3.081 F .581 -(xcept the command follo)-.15 F(wing)-.25 E .917(the \214nal)184 340.8 R +(xcept the command follo)-.15 F(wing)-.25 E .917(the \214nal)184 537.6 R F1(&&)3.417 E F0(or)3.417 E F1(||)3.417 E F0 3.417(,a)C 1.217 -.15(ny c) -3.417 H .918(ommand in a pipeline b).15 F .918 (ut the last, or if the command')-.2 F 3.418(sr)-.55 G(eturn)-3.418 E --.25(va)184 352.8 S .661(lue is being in).25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .661 +-.25(va)184 549.6 S .661(lue is being in).25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .661 (rted with).15 F F1(!)3.161 E F0 5.661(.I)C 3.161(fac)-5.661 G .66 (ompound command other than a subshell returns a)-3.161 F 1.112 -(non-zero status because a command f)184 364.8 R 1.112(ailed while)-.1 F +(non-zero status because a command f)184 561.6 R 1.112(ailed while)-.1 F F13.612 E F0 -.1(wa)3.612 G 3.612(sb).1 G 1.113 -(eing ignored, the shell does)-3.612 F .178(not e)184 376.8 R 2.678 +(eing ignored, the shell does)-3.612 F .178(not e)184 573.6 R 2.678 (xit. A)-.15 F .178(trap on)2.678 F F1(ERR)2.678 E F0 2.678(,i)C 2.678 (fs)-2.678 G .178(et, is e)-2.678 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .178 (cuted before the shell e).15 F 2.677(xits. This)-.15 F .177 -(option applies to)2.677 F .617(the shell en)184 388.8 R .617 +(option applies to)2.677 F .617(the shell en)184 585.6 R .617 (vironment and each subshell en)-.4 F .617(vironment separately \(see) --.4 F F3 .618(COMMAND EXE-)3.118 F .643(CUTION ENVIR)184 400.8 R(ONMENT) +-.4 F F3 .618(COMMAND EXE-)3.118 F .643(CUTION ENVIR)184 597.6 R(ONMENT) -.27 E F0(abo)2.893 E -.15(ve)-.15 G .643 (\), and may cause subshells to e).15 F .643(xit before e)-.15 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G .642(cuting all).15 F(the commands in the subshell.)184 412.8 -Q .998(If a compound command or shell function e)184 430.8 R -.15(xe) +(xe)-.15 G .642(cuting all).15 F(the commands in the subshell.)184 609.6 +Q .998(If a compound command or shell function e)184 627.6 R -.15(xe) -.15 G .999(cutes in a conte).15 F .999(xt where)-.15 F F13.499 E F0 .999(is being ig-)3.499 F .089(nored, none of the commands e)184 -442.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .089 +639.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .089 (cuted within the compound command or function body).15 F .502 -(will be af)184 454.8 R .502(fected by the)-.25 F F13.002 E F0 +(will be af)184 651.6 R .502(fected by the)-.25 F F13.002 E F0 .502(setting, e)3.002 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.002(ni).15 G(f)-3.002 E F1 3.002 E F0 .502(is set and a command returns a f)3.002 F .503 -(ailure sta-)-.1 F 4.184(tus. If)184 466.8 R 4.184(ac)4.184 G 1.684 +(ailure sta-)-.1 F 4.184(tus. If)184 663.6 R 4.184(ac)4.184 G 1.684 (ompound command or shell function sets)-4.184 F F14.183 E F0 1.683(while e)4.183 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.683(cuting in a conte).15 F(xt) --.15 E(where)184 478.8 Q F13.153 E F0 .653 +-.15 E(where)184 675.6 Q F13.153 E F0 .653 (is ignored, that setting will not ha)3.153 F .954 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .954 -.15(ny e).15 H -.25(ff).15 G .654(ect until the compound command).25 F -(or the command containing the function call completes.)184 490.8 Q F1 -144 502.8 Q F0(Disable pathname e)184 502.8 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1 -144 514.8 Q F0 .988(Remember the location of commands as the)184 -514.8 R 3.488(ya)-.15 G .988(re look)-3.488 F .988(ed up for e)-.1 F +(or the command containing the function call completes.)184 687.6 Q F1 +144 699.6 Q F0(Disable pathname e)184 699.6 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1 +144 711.6 Q F0 .988(Remember the location of commands as the)184 +711.6 R 3.488(ya)-.15 G .988(re look)-3.488 F .988(ed up for e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.488(cution. This).15 F .987(is en-)3.487 F -(abled by def)184 526.8 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1144 538.8 Q F0 .513 -(All ar)184 538.8 R .514 -(guments in the form of assignment statements are placed in the en)-.18 -F .514(vironment for a)-.4 F -(command, not just those that precede the command name.)184 550.8 Q F1 -144 562.8 Q F0 .149(Monitor mode.)184 562.8 R .149 -(Job control is enabled.)5.149 F .148(This option is on by def)5.149 F -.148(ault for interacti)-.1 F .448 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells).15 E .65 -(on systems that support it \(see)184 574.8 R F3 .651(JOB CONTR)3.151 F -(OL)-.27 E F0(abo)2.901 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.151(\). 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This)-.1 F .089(is enabled by def)2.589 F(ault)-.1 E .95 -(when the shell is interacti)224 718.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.45(,u).15 G -.95(nless the shell is started with the)-3.45 F F1(\255\255noediting) -3.45 E F0 2.5(option. This)224 730.8 R(also af)2.5 E -(fects the editing interf)-.25 E(ace used for)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G -(ad \255e).18 E F0(.)A(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 January 17)141.79 E -(73)190.95 E 0 Cg EP +(abled by def)184 723.6 Q(ault.)-.1 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q +(2022 February 10)139.29 E(73)188.45 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 74 74 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(err)184 84 Q(exit)-.18 E F0(Same as)224 84 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -(errtrace)184 96 Q F0(Same as)224 96 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -(functrace)184 108 Q F0(Same as)224 120 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -(hashall)184 132 Q F0(Same as)224 132 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -(histexpand)184 144 Q F0(Same as)224 156 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -(history)184 168 Q F0 .587(Enable command history)224 168 R 3.087(,a) +SF144 84 Q F0 .513(All ar)184 84 R .514 +(guments in the form of assignment statements are placed in the en)-.18 +F .514(vironment for a)-.4 F +(command, not just those that precede the command name.)184 96 Q F1 +144 108 Q F0 .149(Monitor mode.)184 108 R .149 +(Job control is enabled.)5.149 F .148(This option is on by def)5.149 F +.148(ault for interacti)-.1 F .448 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells).15 E .65 +(on systems that support it \(see)184 120 R/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .651 +(JOB CONTR)3.151 F(OL)-.27 E F0(abo)2.901 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.151 +(\). All).15 F .651(processes run in a separate)3.151 F .679 +(process group.)184 132 R .678(When a background job completes, the she\ +ll prints a line containing its)5.679 F -.15(ex)184 144 S(it status.).15 +E F1144 156 Q F0 .652(Read commands b)184 156 R .652(ut do not e) +-.2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .652(cute them.).15 F .653 +(This may be used to check a shell script for)5.652 F(syntax errors.)184 +168 Q(This is ignored by interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E +F1144 180 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(option\255name)2.5 E F0(The) +184 192 Q F3(option\255name)2.5 E F0(can be one of the follo)2.5 E +(wing:)-.25 E F1(allexport)184 204 Q F0(Same as)224 216 Q F12.5 E +F0(.)A F1(braceexpand)184 228 Q F0(Same as)224 240 Q F12.5 E F0(.) +A F1(emacs)184 252 Q F0 .089 +(Use an emacs-style command line editing interf)224 252 R 2.589 +(ace. This)-.1 F .089(is enabled by def)2.589 F(ault)-.1 E .95 +(when the shell is interacti)224 264 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.45(,u).15 G .95 +(nless the shell is started with the)-3.45 F F1(\255\255noediting)3.45 E +F0 2.5(option. This)224 276 R(also af)2.5 E(fects the editing interf) +-.25 E(ace used for)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad \255e).18 E F0(.)A F1(err) +184 288 Q(exit)-.18 E F0(Same as)224 288 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(errtrace)184 300 Q F0(Same as)224 300 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(functrace)184 312 Q F0(Same as)224 324 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(hashall)184 336 Q F0(Same as)224 336 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(histexpand)184 348 Q F0(Same as)224 360 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(history)184 372 Q F0 .587(Enable command history)224 372 R 3.087(,a) -.65 G 3.087(sd)-3.087 G .587(escribed abo)-3.087 F .887 -.15(ve u)-.15 -H(nder).15 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)3.087 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E/F3 9 -/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .587(This option is)5.087 F(on by def)224 180 Q +H(nder).15 E F2(HIST)3.087 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF +(.)A F0 .587(This option is)5.087 F(on by def)224 384 Q (ault in interacti)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1(ignor)184 -192 Q(eeof)-.18 E F0 1.656(The ef)224 204 R 1.656 -(fect is as if the shell command)-.25 F/F4 10/Courier@0 SF(IGNOREEOF=10) +396 Q(eeof)-.18 E F0 1.656(The ef)224 408 R 1.656 +(fect is as if the shell command)-.25 F/F5 10/Courier@0 SF(IGNOREEOF=10) 4.157 E F0 1.657(had been e)4.157 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E(\(see)224 -216 Q F1(Shell V)2.5 E(ariables)-.92 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).) -.15 E F1 -.1(ke)184 228 S(yw).1 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 240 Q F1 -2.5 E F0(.)A F1(monitor)184 252 Q F0(Same as)224 252 Q F12.5 -E F0(.)A F1(noclob)184 264 Q(ber)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 276 Q F12.5 -E F0(.)A F1(noexec)184 288 Q F0(Same as)224 288 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A -F1(noglob)184 300 Q F0(Same as)224 300 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(nolog) -184 312 Q F0(Currently ignored.)224 312 Q F1(notify)184 324 Q F0 -(Same as)224 324 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(nounset)184 336 Q F0(Same as) -224 336 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(onecmd)184 348 Q F0(Same as)224 348 Q -F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(ph)184 360 Q(ysical)-.15 E F0(Same as)224 360 Q -F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(pipefail)184 372 Q F0 1.03(If set, the return v) -224 372 R 1.029(alue of a pipeline is the v)-.25 F 1.029 -(alue of the last \(rightmost\) com-)-.25 F 1.136(mand to e)224 384 R +420 Q F1(Shell V)2.5 E(ariables)-.92 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).) +.15 E F1 -.1(ke)184 432 S(yw).1 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 444 Q F1 +2.5 E F0(.)A F1(monitor)184 456 Q F0(Same as)224 456 Q F12.5 +E F0(.)A F1(noclob)184 468 Q(ber)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 480 Q F12.5 +E F0(.)A F1(noexec)184 492 Q F0(Same as)224 492 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A +F1(noglob)184 504 Q F0(Same as)224 504 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(nolog) +184 516 Q F0(Currently ignored.)224 516 Q F1(notify)184 528 Q F0 +(Same as)224 528 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(nounset)184 540 Q F0(Same as) +224 540 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(onecmd)184 552 Q F0(Same as)224 552 Q +F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(ph)184 564 Q(ysical)-.15 E F0(Same as)224 564 Q +F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(pipefail)184 576 Q F0 1.03(If set, the return v) +224 576 R 1.029(alue of a pipeline is the v)-.25 F 1.029 +(alue of the last \(rightmost\) com-)-.25 F 1.136(mand to e)224 588 R 1.136 (xit with a non-zero status, or zero if all commands in the pipeline) --.15 F -.15(ex)224 396 S(it successfully).15 E 5(.T)-.65 G -(his option is disabled by def)-5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(posix)184 408 Q F0 -2.091(Change the beha)224 408 R 2.091(vior of)-.2 F F1(bash)4.591 E F0 +-.15 F -.15(ex)224 600 S(it successfully).15 E 5(.T)-.65 G +(his option is disabled by def)-5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(posix)184 612 Q F0 +2.091(Change the beha)224 612 R 2.091(vior of)-.2 F F1(bash)4.591 E F0 2.091(where the def)4.591 F 2.091(ault operation dif)-.1 F 2.091 (fers from the)-.25 F 1.212(POSIX standard to match the standard \()224 -420 R/F5 10/Times-Italic@0 SF 1.212(posix mode)B F0 3.712(\). See)B F2 -1.212(SEE ALSO)3.712 F F0(belo)3.463 E(w)-.25 E .955 -(for a reference to a document that details ho)224 432 R 3.454(wp)-.25 G +624 R F3 1.212(posix mode)B F0 3.712(\). See)B F2 1.212(SEE ALSO)3.712 F +F0(belo)3.463 E(w)-.25 E .955 +(for a reference to a document that details ho)224 636 R 3.454(wp)-.25 G .954(osix mode af)-3.454 F .954(fects bash')-.25 F 3.454(sb)-.55 G(e-) --3.454 E(ha)224 444 Q(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E F1(pri)184 456 Q(vileged)-.1 E -F0(Same as)224 468 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(ve)184 480 S(rbose).1 E -F0(Same as)224 480 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(vi)184 492 Q F0 .209 -(Use a vi-style command line editing interf)224 492 R 2.709(ace. This) --.1 F .209(also af)2.709 F .21(fects the editing in-)-.25 F(terf)224 504 -Q(ace used for)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad \255e).18 E F0(.)A F1(xtrace) -184 516 Q F0(Same as)224 516 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A(If)184 534 Q F1 -3.053 E F0 .553(is supplied with no)3.053 F F5(option\255name) -3.053 E F0 3.053(,t)C .553(he v)-3.053 F .552 +-3.454 E(ha)224 648 Q(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E F1(pri)184 660 Q(vileged)-.1 E +F0(Same as)224 672 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(ve)184 684 S(rbose).1 E +F0(Same as)224 684 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(vi)184 696 Q F0 .209 +(Use a vi-style command line editing interf)224 696 R 2.709(ace. This) +-.1 F .209(also af)2.709 F .21(fects the editing in-)-.25 F(terf)224 708 +Q(ace used for)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad \255e).18 E F0(.)A +(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(74)188.45 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 75 75 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF(xtrace)184 84 Q F0(Same as)224 84 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A(If)184 102 Q +F13.053 E F0 .553(is supplied with no)3.053 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 +SF(option\255name)3.053 E F0 3.053(,t)C .553(he v)-3.053 F .552 (alues of the current options are printed.)-.25 F(If)5.552 E F1(+o)184 -546 Q F0 1.071(is supplied with no)3.571 F F5(option\255name)3.571 E F0 +114 Q F0 1.071(is supplied with no)3.571 F F2(option\255name)3.571 E F0 3.571(,as)C 1.071(eries of)-3.571 F F1(set)3.572 E F0 1.072 (commands to recreate the current)3.572 F -(option settings is displayed on the standard output.)184 558 Q F1 -144 570 Q F0 -.45(Tu)184 570 S 1.072(rn on).45 F F5(privile)4.822 E -.1 +(option settings is displayed on the standard output.)184 126 Q F1 +144 138 Q F0 -.45(Tu)184 138 S 1.072(rn on).45 F F2(privile)4.822 E -.1 (ge)-.4 G(d).1 E F0 3.572(mode. In)4.342 F 1.072(this mode, the)3.572 F -F2($ENV)3.572 E F0(and)3.322 E F2($B)3.572 E(ASH_ENV)-.27 E F0 1.071 -(\214les are not pro-)3.322 F 1.5 -(cessed, shell functions are not inherited from the en)184 582 R 1.501 -(vironment, and the)-.4 F F2(SHELLOPTS)4.001 E F3(,)A F2 -.27(BA)184 594 -S(SHOPTS).27 E F3(,)A F2(CDP)2.775 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F3(,)A F0 -(and)2.775 E F2(GLOBIGNORE)3.025 E F0 -.25(va)2.775 G .524 -(riables, if the).25 F 3.024(ya)-.15 G .524(ppear in the en)-3.024 F -(vironment,)-.4 E .379(are ignored.)184 606 R .379 +/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF($ENV)3.572 E F0(and)3.322 E F3($B)3.572 E(ASH_ENV) +-.27 E F0 1.071(\214les are not pro-)3.322 F 1.5 +(cessed, shell functions are not inherited from the en)184 150 R 1.501 +(vironment, and the)-.4 F F3(SHELLOPTS)4.001 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A +F3 -.27(BA)184 162 S(SHOPTS).27 E F4(,)A F3(CDP)2.775 E -.855(AT)-.666 G +(H).855 E F4(,)A F0(and)2.775 E F3(GLOBIGNORE)3.025 E F0 -.25(va)2.775 G +.524(riables, if the).25 F 3.024(ya)-.15 G .524(ppear in the en)-3.024 F +(vironment,)-.4 E .379(are ignored.)184 174 R .379 (If the shell is started with the ef)5.379 F(fecti)-.25 E .679 -.15 (ve u)-.25 H .38(ser \(group\) id not equal to the real).15 F .462 -(user \(group\) id, and the)184 618 R F12.961 E F0 .461 +(user \(group\) id, and the)184 186 R F12.961 E F0 .461 (option is not supplied, these actions are tak)2.961 F .461 -(en and the ef)-.1 F(fec-)-.25 E(ti)184 630 Q .694 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .394 +(en and the ef)-.1 F(fec-)-.25 E(ti)184 198 Q .694 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .394 (ser id is set to the real user id.).15 F .395(If the)5.395 F F1 2.895 E F0 .395(option is supplied at startup, the ef)2.895 F(fecti)-.25 -E -.15(ve)-.25 G .387(user id is not reset.)184 642 R -.45(Tu)5.387 G +E -.15(ve)-.25 G .387(user id is not reset.)184 210 R -.45(Tu)5.387 G .387(rning this option of).45 F 2.886(fc)-.25 G .386(auses the ef)-2.886 F(fecti)-.25 E .686 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .386(ser and group ids to be).15 F -(set to the real user and group ids.)184 654 Q F1144 666 Q F0 -(Enable restricted shell mode.)184 666 Q -(This option cannot be unset once it has been set.)5 E F1144 678 Q -F0(Exit after reading and e)184 678 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G -(cuting one command.).15 E F1144 690 Q F0 -.35(Tr)184 690 S .773 +(set to the real user and group ids.)184 222 Q F1144 234 Q F0 +(Enable restricted shell mode.)184 234 Q +(This option cannot be unset once it has been set.)5 E F1144 246 Q +F0(Exit after reading and e)184 246 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G +(cuting one command.).15 E F1144 258 Q F0 -.35(Tr)184 258 S .773 (eat unset v).35 F .773(ariables and parameters other than the special \ -parameters "@" and "*", or)-.25 F .46(array v)184 702 R .459(ariables s\ +parameters "@" and "*", or)-.25 F .46(array v)184 270 R .459(ariables s\ ubscripted with "@" or "*", as an error when performing parameter e)-.25 -F(x-)-.15 E 2.89(pansion. If)184 714 R -.15(ex)2.89 G .391 +F(x-)-.15 E 2.89(pansion. If)184 282 R -.15(ex)2.89 G .391 (pansion is attempted on an unset v).15 F .391(ariable or parameter)-.25 F 2.891(,t)-.4 G .391(he shell prints an)-2.891 F -(error message, and, if not interacti)184 726 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(,e) -.15 G(xits with a non-zero status.)-2.65 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q -(2022 January 17)141.79 E(74)190.95 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 75 75 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF144 84 Q F0(Print shell input lines as the)184 84 Q 2.5(ya)-.15 -G(re read.)-2.5 E F1144 96 Q F0 .315(After e)184 96 R .315 -(xpanding each)-.15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF .315(simple command)2.815 -F F0(,)A F1 -.25(fo)2.815 G(r).25 E F0(command,)2.815 E F1(case)2.815 E -F0(command,)2.815 E F1(select)2.815 E F0(command,)2.815 E 1.235 -(or arithmetic)184 108 R F1 -.25(fo)3.736 G(r).25 E F0 1.236 -(command, display the e)3.736 F 1.236(xpanded v)-.15 F 1.236(alue of) --.25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(PS4)3.736 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 -(follo)3.486 E 1.236(wed by the com-)-.25 F(mand and its e)184 120 Q -(xpanded ar)-.15 E(guments or associated w)-.18 E(ord list.)-.1 E F1 -144 132 Q F0 1.206(The shell performs brace e)184 132 R 1.206 -(xpansion \(see)-.15 F F1 1.205(Brace Expansion)3.705 F F0(abo)3.705 E --.15(ve)-.15 G 3.705(\). This).15 F 1.205(is on by de-)3.705 F -.1(fa) -184 144 S(ult.).1 E F1144 156 Q F0 .213(If set,)184 156 R F1(bash) -2.713 E F0 .213(does not o)2.713 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .214(rwrite an e).15 F -.214(xisting \214le with the)-.15 F F1(>)2.714 E F0(,)A F1(>&)2.714 E F0 +(error message, and, if not interacti)184 294 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(,e) +.15 G(xits with a non-zero status.)-2.65 E F1144 306 Q F0 +(Print shell input lines as the)184 306 Q 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re read.)-2.5 E +F1144 318 Q F0 .315(After e)184 318 R .315(xpanding each)-.15 F F2 +.315(simple command)2.815 F F0(,)A F1 -.25(fo)2.815 G(r).25 E F0 +(command,)2.815 E F1(case)2.815 E F0(command,)2.815 E F1(select)2.815 E +F0(command,)2.815 E 1.235(or arithmetic)184 330 R F1 -.25(fo)3.736 G(r) +.25 E F0 1.236(command, display the e)3.736 F 1.236(xpanded v)-.15 F +1.236(alue of)-.25 F F3(PS4)3.736 E F4(,)A F0(follo)3.486 E 1.236 +(wed by the com-)-.25 F(mand and its e)184 342 Q(xpanded ar)-.15 E +(guments or associated w)-.18 E(ord list.)-.1 E F1144 354 Q F0 +1.206(The shell performs brace e)184 354 R 1.206(xpansion \(see)-.15 F +F1 1.205(Brace Expansion)3.705 F F0(abo)3.705 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.705 +(\). This).15 F 1.205(is on by de-)3.705 F -.1(fa)184 366 S(ult.).1 E F1 +144 378 Q F0 .213(If set,)184 378 R F1(bash)2.713 E F0 .213 +(does not o)2.713 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .214(rwrite an e).15 F .214 +(xisting \214le with the)-.15 F F1(>)2.714 E F0(,)A F1(>&)2.714 E F0 2.714(,a)C(nd)-2.714 E F1(<>)2.714 E F0 .214(redirection opera-)2.714 F -3.054(tors. This)184 168 R .553(may be o)3.053 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .553 +3.054(tors. This)184 390 R .553(may be o)3.053 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .553 (rridden when creating output \214les by using the redirection opera-) -.15 F(tor)184 180 Q F1(>|)2.5 E F0(instead of)2.5 E F1(>)2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -144 192 Q F0 .103(If set, an)184 192 R 2.603(yt)-.15 G .103 +.15 F(tor)184 402 Q F1(>|)2.5 E F0(instead of)2.5 E F1(>)2.5 E F0(.)A F1 +144 414 Q F0 .103(If set, an)184 414 R 2.603(yt)-.15 G .103 (rap on)-2.603 F F1(ERR)2.603 E F0 .104 (is inherited by shell functions, command substitutions, and com-)2.603 -F .839(mands e)184 204 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .839(cuted in a subshell en).15 +F .839(mands e)184 426 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .839(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 3.339(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(ERR)3.338 E F0 .838 -(trap is normally not inherited in)3.338 F(such cases.)184 216 Q F1 -144 228 Q F0(Enable)184 228 Q F1(!)3.031 E F0 .531 +(trap is normally not inherited in)3.338 F(such cases.)184 438 Q F1 +144 450 Q F0(Enable)184 450 Q F1(!)3.031 E F0 .531 (style history substitution.)5.531 F .531(This option is on by def)5.531 -F .532(ault when the shell is inter)-.1 F(-)-.2 E(acti)184 240 Q -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1144 252 Q F0 .96 -(If set, the shell does not resolv)184 252 R 3.459(es)-.15 G .959 +F .532(ault when the shell is inter)-.1 F(-)-.2 E(acti)184 462 Q -.15 +(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1144 474 Q F0 .96 +(If set, the shell does not resolv)184 474 R 3.459(es)-.15 G .959 (ymbolic links when e)-3.459 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .959 (cuting commands such as).15 F F1(cd)3.459 E F0 1.452 -(that change the current w)184 264 R 1.452(orking directory)-.1 F 6.452 +(that change the current w)184 486 R 1.452(orking directory)-.1 F 6.452 (.I)-.65 G 3.953(tu)-6.452 G 1.453(ses the ph)-3.953 F 1.453 -(ysical directory structure in-)-.05 F 3.335(stead. By)184 276 R(def) +(ysical directory structure in-)-.05 F 3.335(stead. By)184 498 R(def) 3.335 E(ault,)-.1 E F1(bash)3.334 E F0(follo)3.334 E .834 (ws the logical chain of directories when performing com-)-.25 F -(mands which change the current directory)184 288 Q(.)-.65 E F1144 -300 Q F0 .89(If set, an)184 300 R 3.39(yt)-.15 G .89(raps on)-3.39 F F1 +(mands which change the current directory)184 510 Q(.)-.65 E F1144 +522 Q F0 .89(If set, an)184 522 R 3.39(yt)-.15 G .89(raps on)-3.39 F F1 (DEB)3.39 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)3.39 E F1(RETURN)3.39 E F0 .89 (are inherited by shell functions, command)3.39 F 1.932 -(substitutions, and commands e)184 312 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.932 +(substitutions, and commands e)184 534 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.932 (cuted in a subshell en).15 F 4.432(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(DEB)4.432 E -(UG)-.1 E F0(and)4.432 E F1(RETURN)184 324 Q F0 -(traps are normally not inherited in such cases.)2.5 E F1144 336 Q -F0 .4(If no ar)184 336 R .401(guments follo)-.18 F 2.901(wt)-.25 G .401 +(UG)-.1 E F0(and)4.432 E F1(RETURN)184 546 Q F0 +(traps are normally not inherited in such cases.)2.5 E F1144 558 Q +F0 .4(If no ar)184 558 R .401(guments follo)-.18 F 2.901(wt)-.25 G .401 (his option, then the positional parameters are unset.)-2.901 F -(Otherwise,)5.401 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 348 Q +(Otherwise,)5.401 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 570 Q F2(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(s, e)A -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fs)-2.5 G (ome of them be)-2.5 E(gin with a)-.15 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1144 -360 Q F0 .797(Signal the end of options, cause all remaining)184 360 R +582 Q F0 .797(Signal the end of options, cause all remaining)184 582 R F2(ar)3.297 E(g)-.37 E F0 3.297(st)C 3.297(ob)-3.297 G 3.296(ea)-3.297 G -.796(ssigned to the positional pa-)-3.296 F 3.021(rameters. The)184 372 +.796(ssigned to the positional pa-)-3.296 F 3.021(rameters. The)184 594 R F13.021 E F0(and)3.022 E F13.022 E F0 .522 (options are turned of)3.022 F 3.022(f. If)-.25 F .522(there are no) 3.022 F F2(ar)3.022 E(g)-.37 E F0 .522(s, the positional pa-)B -(rameters remain unchanged.)184 384 Q .425(The options are of)144 400.8 +(rameters remain unchanged.)184 606 Q .425(The options are of)144 622.8 R 2.925(fb)-.25 G 2.925(yd)-2.925 G(ef)-2.925 E .425 (ault unless otherwise noted.)-.1 F .425 (Using + rather than \255 causes these options)5.425 F .177 -(to be turned of)144 412.8 R 2.677(f. The)-.25 F .178 +(to be turned of)144 634.8 R 2.677(f. The)-.25 F .178 (options can also be speci\214ed as ar)2.678 F .178(guments to an in) -.18 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .178(cation of the shell.).2 F(The)5.178 E .066 -(current set of options may be found in)144 424.8 R F1<24ad>2.566 E F0 +(current set of options may be found in)144 646.8 R F1<24ad>2.566 E F0 5.066(.T)C .066(he return status is al)-5.066 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .066 (ys true unless an in).1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .066(lid option).25 F -(is encountered.)144 436.8 Q F1(shift)108 453.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0 -(])A .428(The positional parameters from)144 465.6 R F2(n)2.928 E F0 +(is encountered.)144 658.8 Q F1(shift)108 675.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0 +(])A .428(The positional parameters from)144 687.6 R F2(n)2.928 E F0 .429(+1 ... are renamed to)B F1 .429($1 ....)2.929 F F0 -.15(Pa)5.429 G -.429(rameters represented by the num-).15 F(bers)144 477.6 Q F1($#)2.583 +.429(rameters represented by the num-).15 F(bers)144 699.6 Q F1($#)2.583 E F0(do)2.583 E .083(wn to)-.25 F F1($#)2.583 E F0A F2(n)A F0 .083 (+1 are unset.)B F2(n)5.443 E F0 .083(must be a non-ne)2.823 F -.05(ga) -.15 G(ti).05 E .382 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .082(umber less than or equal to) .15 F F1($#)2.582 E F0 5.082(.I)C(f)-5.082 E F2(n)2.942 E F0 .06 -(is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 489.6 R(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 +(is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 711.6 R(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06(is not gi)2.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .06(n, it is assumed to be 1.).15 F (If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06(is greater than)2.8 F F1($#)2.56 E F0 2.56 -(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .144(positional parameters are not changed.)144 501.6 R +(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .144(positional parameters are not changed.)144 723.6 R .144(The return status is greater than zero if)5.144 F F2(n)3.003 E F0 -.143(is greater than)2.883 F F1($#)2.643 E F0 -(or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 513.6 Q F1(shopt)108 530.4 Q F0([) -2.5 E F1(\255pqsu)A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(optname) --2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 542.4 S .639(ggle the v).8 F .639 +.143(is greater than)2.883 F F1($#)2.643 E F0(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q +(2022 February 10)139.29 E(75)188.45 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 76 76 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E +(or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 84 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(shopt) +108 100.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255pqsu)A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F0 2.5 +(][)C/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(optname)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 +112.8 S .639(ggle the v).8 F .639 (alues of settings controlling optional shell beha)-.25 F(vior)-.2 E 5.639(.T)-.55 G .64(he settings can be either those)-5.639 F .375 -(listed belo)144 554.4 R 1.675 -.65(w, o)-.25 H 1.175 -.4(r, i).65 H +(listed belo)144 124.8 R 1.675 -.65(w, o)-.25 H 1.175 -.4(r, i).65 H 2.875(ft).4 G(he)-2.875 E F12.875 E F0 .375 (option is used, those a)2.875 F -.25(va)-.2 G .375(ilable with the).25 F F12.875 E F0 .374(option to the)2.875 F F1(set)2.874 E F0 -.2 -(bu)2.874 G .374(iltin com-).2 F 2.565(mand. W)144 566.4 R .065 +(bu)2.874 G .374(iltin com-).2 F 2.565(mand. W)144 136.8 R .065 (ith no options, or with the)-.4 F F12.566 E F0 .066 (option, a list of all settable options is displayed, with an in-)2.566 -F .074(dication of whether or not each is set; if)144 578.4 R F2 +F .074(dication of whether or not each is set; if)144 148.8 R F2 (optnames)2.574 E F0 .074 (are supplied, the output is restricted to those op-)2.574 F 3.105 -(tions. The)144 590.4 R F13.105 E F0 .605(option causes output to\ +(tions. The)144 160.8 R F13.105 E F0 .605(option causes output to\ be displayed in a form that may be reused as input.)3.105 F(Other)5.605 -E(options ha)144 602.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E -(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1144 614.4 Q F0(Enable \(set\) each)180 -614.4 Q F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1144 626.4 Q F0 -(Disable \(unset\) each)180 626.4 Q F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1144 -638.4 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal output \(quiet mode\); the return sta\ -tus indicates whether the)180 638.4 R F2(optname)2.503 E F0(is)2.503 E -.255(set or unset.)180 650.4 R .255(If multiple)5.255 F F2(optname)2.755 +E(options ha)144 172.8 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E +(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1144 184.8 Q F0(Enable \(set\) each)180 +184.8 Q F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1144 196.8 Q F0 +(Disable \(unset\) each)180 196.8 Q F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1144 +208.8 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal output \(quiet mode\); the return sta\ +tus indicates whether the)180 208.8 R F2(optname)2.503 E F0(is)2.503 E +.255(set or unset.)180 220.8 R .255(If multiple)5.255 F F2(optname)2.755 E F0(ar)2.755 E .256(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.756(nw).15 G (ith)-2.756 E F12.756 E F0 2.756(,t)C .256 -(he return status is zero if)-2.756 F(all)180 662.4 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E -F0(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.)2.5 E F1144 674.4 Q F0 -(Restricts the v)180 674.4 Q(alues of)-.25 E F2(optname)2.5 E F0 +(he return status is zero if)-2.756 F(all)180 232.8 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E +F0(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.)2.5 E F1144 244.8 Q F0 +(Restricts the v)180 244.8 Q(alues of)-.25 E F2(optname)2.5 E F0 (to be those de\214ned for the)2.5 E F12.5 E F0(option to the)2.5 -E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .625(If either)144 691.2 R F1 +E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .625(If either)144 261.6 R F1 3.125 E F0(or)3.124 E F13.124 E F0 .624(is used with no) 3.124 F F2(optname)3.124 E F0(ar)3.124 E(guments,)-.18 E F1(shopt)3.124 E F0(sho)3.124 E .624(ws only those options which are)-.25 F .983 -(set or unset, respecti)144 703.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.983(.U) +(set or unset, respecti)144 273.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.983(.U) -.65 G .983(nless otherwise noted, the)-5.983 F F1(shopt)3.484 E F0 .984 -(options are disabled \(unset\) by de-)3.484 F -.1(fa)144 715.2 S(ult.) -.1 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 January 17)141.79 E(75)190.95 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 76 76 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 1.544 -(The return status when listing options is zero if all)144 84 R/F1 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.544 -(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.)4.044 F .696 +(options are disabled \(unset\) by de-)3.484 F -.1(fa)144 285.6 S(ult.) +.1 E 1.544(The return status when listing options is zero if all)144 +302.4 R F2(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.544(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.) +4.044 F .696 (When setting or unsetting options, the return status is zero unless an) -144 96 R F1(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .696(alid shell) --.25 F(option.)144 108 Q(The list of)144 124.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -(shopt)2.5 E F0(options is:)2.5 E F2(assoc_expand_once)144 142.8 Q F0 -1.945(If set, the shell suppresses multiple e)184 154.8 R -.25(va)-.25 G +144 314.4 R F2(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .696 +(alid shell)-.25 F(option.)144 326.4 Q(The list of)144 343.2 Q F1(shopt) +2.5 E F0(options is:)2.5 E F1(assoc_expand_once)144 361.2 Q F0 1.945 +(If set, the shell suppresses multiple e)184 373.2 R -.25(va)-.25 G 1.944(luation of associati).25 F 2.244 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 1.944 -(rray subscripts during).15 F .885(arithmetic e)184 166.8 R .885 +(rray subscripts during).15 F .885(arithmetic e)184 385.2 R .885 (xpression e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .885(luation, while e).25 F -.15(xe) -.15 G .885(cuting b).15 F .885(uiltins that can perform v)-.2 F .885 -(ariable as-)-.25 F(signments, and while e)184 178.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G -(cuting b).15 E(uiltins that perform array dereferencing.)-.2 E F2 -(autocd)144 190.8 Q F0 .2 -(If set, a command name that is the name of a directory is e)184 190.8 R +(ariable as-)-.25 F(signments, and while e)184 397.2 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G +(cuting b).15 E(uiltins that perform array dereferencing.)-.2 E F1 +(autocd)144 409.2 Q F0 .2 +(If set, a command name that is the name of a directory is e)184 409.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .199(cuted as if it were the ar).15 F(gu-)-.18 E -(ment to the)184 202.8 Q F2(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F +(ment to the)184 421.2 Q F1(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F (option is only used by interacti)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E -F2(cdable_v)144 214.8 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .155(If set, an ar)184 226.8 R .155 -(gument to the)-.18 F F2(cd)2.655 E F0 -.2(bu)2.655 G .156 +F1(cdable_v)144 433.2 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .155(If set, an ar)184 445.2 R .155 +(gument to the)-.18 F F1(cd)2.655 E F0 -.2(bu)2.655 G .156 (iltin command that is not a directory is assumed to be the).2 F -(name of a v)184 238.8 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E -(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E F2(cdspell)144 250.8 Q F0 +(name of a v)184 457.2 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E +(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E F1(cdspell)144 469.2 Q F0 1.055 (If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory component in a)184 -250.8 R F2(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.987 -(corrected. The)184 262.8 R 1.487(errors check)3.987 F 1.487 +469.2 R F1(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.987 +(corrected. The)184 481.2 R 1.487(errors check)3.987 F 1.487 (ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.988(,a) --.4 G(nd)-3.988 E .77(one character too man)184 274.8 R 4.57 -.65(y. I) +-.4 G(nd)-3.988 E .77(one character too man)184 493.2 R 4.57 -.65(y. I) -.15 H 3.27(fac).65 G .77 (orrection is found, the corrected \214lename is printed, and)-3.27 F -(the command proceeds.)184 286.8 Q +(the command proceeds.)184 505.2 Q (This option is only used by interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.) -.15 E F2(checkhash)144 298.8 Q F0 .736(If set,)184 310.8 R F2(bash)3.236 +.15 E F1(checkhash)144 517.2 Q F0 .736(If set,)184 529.2 R F1(bash)3.236 E F0 .736(checks that a command found in the hash table e)3.236 F .737 (xists before trying to e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E(cute it.)184 -322.8 Q(If a hashed command no longer e)5 E -(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F2(checkjobs)144 334.8 -Q F0 .449(If set,)184 346.8 R F2(bash)2.949 E F0 .449 +541.2 Q(If a hashed command no longer e)5 E +(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F1(checkjobs)144 553.2 +Q F0 .449(If set,)184 565.2 R F1(bash)2.949 E F0 .449 (lists the status of an)2.949 F 2.949(ys)-.15 G .448 (topped and running jobs before e)-2.949 F .448(xiting an interacti)-.15 -F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.661(shell. If)184 358.8 R(an)2.661 E 2.661(yj)-.15 G +F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.661(shell. If)184 577.2 R(an)2.661 E 2.661(yj)-.15 G .161(obs are running, this causes the e)-2.661 F .161 (xit to be deferred until a second e)-.15 F .162(xit is at-)-.15 F 1.473 -(tempted without an interv)184 370.8 R 1.473(ening command \(see)-.15 F +(tempted without an interv)184 589.2 R 1.473(ening command \(see)-.15 F /F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.473(JOB CONTR)3.973 F(OL)-.27 E F0(abo)3.723 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.973(\). The).15 F 1.472(shell al-)3.972 F -.1(wa)184 -382.8 S(ys postpones e).1 E(xiting if an)-.15 E 2.5(yj)-.15 G -(obs are stopped.)-2.5 E F2(checkwinsize)144 394.8 Q F0 1.09(If set,)184 -406.8 R F2(bash)3.59 E F0 1.09(checks the windo)3.59 F 3.59(ws)-.25 G +601.2 S(ys postpones e).1 E(xiting if an)-.15 E 2.5(yj)-.15 G +(obs are stopped.)-2.5 E F1(checkwinsize)144 613.2 Q F0 1.09(If set,)184 +625.2 R F1(bash)3.59 E F0 1.09(checks the windo)3.59 F 3.59(ws)-.25 G 1.09(ize after each e)-3.59 F 1.09(xternal \(non-b)-.15 F 1.09 -(uiltin\) command and, if)-.2 F(necessary)184 418.8 Q 3.351(,u)-.65 G +(uiltin\) command and, if)-.2 F(necessary)184 637.2 Q 3.351(,u)-.65 G .851(pdates the v)-3.351 F .85(alues of)-.25 F F3(LINES)3.35 E F0(and) 3.1 E F3(COLUMNS)3.35 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .85 -(This option is enabled by de-)5.35 F -.1(fa)184 430.8 S(ult.).1 E F2 -(cmdhist)144 442.8 Q F0 .172(If set,)184 442.8 R F2(bash)2.672 E F0 .172 +(This option is enabled by de-)5.35 F -.1(fa)184 649.2 S(ult.).1 E F1 +(cmdhist)144 661.2 Q F0 .172(If set,)184 661.2 R F1(bash)2.672 E F0 .172 (attempts to sa)2.672 F .472 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .173 (ll lines of a multiple-line command in the same history en-).15 F(try) -184 454.8 Q 5.597(.T)-.65 G .597(his allo)-5.597 F .597 +184 673.2 Q 5.597(.T)-.65 G .597(his allo)-5.597 F .597 (ws easy re-editing of multi-line commands.)-.25 F .597 -(This option is enabled by de-)5.597 F -.1(fa)184 466.8 S 1.287(ult, b) +(This option is enabled by de-)5.597 F -.1(fa)184 685.2 S 1.287(ult, b) .1 F 1.288(ut only has an ef)-.2 F 1.288 (fect if command history is enabled, as described abo)-.25 F 1.588 -.15 -(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F3(HIST)184 478.8 Q(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F4(.)A -F2(compat31)144 490.8 Q(compat32)144 502.8 Q(compat40)144 514.8 Q -(compat41)144 526.8 Q(compat42)144 538.8 Q(compat43)144 550.8 Q -(compat44)144 562.8 Q(compat50)144 574.8 Q F0 .889 -(These control aspects of the shell')184 586.8 R 3.389(sc)-.55 G .889 -(ompatibility mode \(see)-3.389 F F3 .889(SHELL COMP)3.389 F -.855(AT) --.666 G(IBILITY).855 E(MODE)184 598.8 Q F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F2 -(complete_fullquote)144 615.6 Q F0 .653(If set,)184 627.6 R F2(bash) -3.153 E F0 .653(quotes all shell metacharacters in \214lenames and dire\ -ctory names when per)3.153 F(-)-.2 E 1.525(forming completion.)184 639.6 -R 1.524(If not set,)6.525 F F2(bash)4.024 E F0(remo)4.024 E -.15(ve)-.15 -G 4.024(sm).15 G 1.524(etacharacters such as the dollar sign)-4.024 F -2.667(from the set of characters that will be quoted in completed \214l\ -enames when these)184 651.6 R .029(metacharacters appear in shell v)184 -663.6 R .028(ariable references in w)-.25 F .028(ords to be completed.) --.1 F .028(This means)5.028 F 1.072(that dollar signs in v)184 675.6 R -1.073(ariable names that e)-.25 F 1.073 -(xpand to directories will not be quoted; ho)-.15 F(w-)-.25 E -2.15 -.25 -(ev e)184 687.6 T 1.923 -.4(r, a).25 H 1.423 -.15(ny d).4 H 1.123 -(ollar signs appearing in \214lenames will not be quoted, either).15 F -6.123(.T)-.55 G 1.122(his is acti)-6.123 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .59 -(only when bash is using backslashes to quote completed \214lenames.)184 -699.6 R .59(This v)5.59 F .59(ariable is set)-.25 F(by def)184 711.6 Q -(ault, which is the def)-.1 E(ault bash beha)-.1 E(vior in v)-.2 E -(ersions through 4.2.)-.15 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 January 17) -141.79 E(76)190.95 E 0 Cg EP +(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F3(HIST)184 697.2 Q(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F4(.)A +F0(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(76)188.45 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 77 77 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(dir)144 84 Q(expand)-.18 E F0 .487(If set,)184 96 R F1(bash)2.987 E -F0 .486(replaces directory names with the results of w)2.986 F .486 -(ord e)-.1 F .486(xpansion when perform-)-.15 F .179 -(ing \214lename completion.)184 108 R .179 -(This changes the contents of the readline editing b)5.179 F(uf)-.2 E -(fer)-.25 E 5.18(.I)-.55 G 2.68(fn)-5.18 G(ot)-2.68 E(set,)184 120 Q F1 -(bash)2.5 E F0(attempts to preserv)2.5 E 2.5(ew)-.15 G -(hat the user typed.)-2.5 E F1(dirspell)144 136.8 Q F0 .859(If set,)184 -136.8 R F1(bash)3.359 E F0 .858 +SF(compat31)144 84 Q(compat32)144 96 Q(compat40)144 108 Q(compat41)144 +120 Q(compat42)144 132 Q(compat43)144 144 Q(compat44)144 156 Q(compat50) +144 168 Q F0 .889(These control aspects of the shell')184 180 R 3.389 +(sc)-.55 G .889(ompatibility mode \(see)-3.389 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF +.889(SHELL COMP)3.389 F -.855(AT)-.666 G(IBILITY).855 E(MODE)184 192 Q +F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(complete_fullquote)144 208.8 Q F0 .653 +(If set,)184 220.8 R F1(bash)3.153 E F0 .653(quotes all shell metachara\ +cters in \214lenames and directory names when per)3.153 F(-)-.2 E 1.525 +(forming completion.)184 232.8 R 1.524(If not set,)6.525 F F1(bash)4.024 +E F0(remo)4.024 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.024(sm).15 G 1.524 +(etacharacters such as the dollar sign)-4.024 F 2.667(from the set of c\ +haracters that will be quoted in completed \214lenames when these)184 +244.8 R .029(metacharacters appear in shell v)184 256.8 R .028 +(ariable references in w)-.25 F .028(ords to be completed.)-.1 F .028 +(This means)5.028 F 1.072(that dollar signs in v)184 268.8 R 1.073 +(ariable names that e)-.25 F 1.073 +(xpand to directories will not be quoted; ho)-.15 F(w-)-.25 E -2.15 -.25 +(ev e)184 280.8 T 1.923 -.4(r, a).25 H 1.423 -.15(ny d).4 H 1.123 +(ollar signs appearing in \214lenames will not be quoted, either).15 F +6.123(.T)-.55 G 1.122(his is acti)-6.123 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .59 +(only when bash is using backslashes to quote completed \214lenames.)184 +292.8 R .59(This v)5.59 F .59(ariable is set)-.25 F(by def)184 304.8 Q +(ault, which is the def)-.1 E(ault bash beha)-.1 E(vior in v)-.2 E +(ersions through 4.2.)-.15 E F1(dir)144 321.6 Q(expand)-.18 E F0 .487 +(If set,)184 333.6 R F1(bash)2.987 E F0 .486 +(replaces directory names with the results of w)2.986 F .486(ord e)-.1 F +.486(xpansion when perform-)-.15 F .179(ing \214lename completion.)184 +345.6 R .179(This changes the contents of the readline editing b)5.179 F +(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 5.18(.I)-.55 G 2.68(fn)-5.18 G(ot)-2.68 E(set,)184 +357.6 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(attempts to preserv)2.5 E 2.5(ew)-.15 G +(hat the user typed.)-2.5 E F1(dirspell)144 374.4 Q F0 .859(If set,)184 +374.4 R F1(bash)3.359 E F0 .858 (attempts spelling correction on directory names during w)3.359 F .858 (ord completion if)-.1 F -(the directory name initially supplied does not e)184 148.8 Q(xist.)-.15 -E F1(dotglob)144 165.6 Q F0 .165(If set,)184 165.6 R F1(bash)2.665 E F0 +(the directory name initially supplied does not e)184 386.4 Q(xist.)-.15 +E F1(dotglob)144 403.2 Q F0 .165(If set,)184 403.2 R F1(bash)2.665 E F0 .165(includes \214lenames be)2.665 F .165(ginning with a `.)-.15 F 2.665 ('i)-.7 G 2.665(nt)-2.665 G .165(he results of pathname e)-2.665 F -(xpansion.)-.15 E(The \214lenames)184 177.6 Q F1 -.63(``)2.5 G -.55(.') +(xpansion.)-.15 E(The \214lenames)184 415.2 Q F1 -.63(``)2.5 G -.55(.') .63 G(')-.08 E F0(and)5 E F1 -.63(``)2.5 G(..).63 E -.63('')-.55 G F0 (must al)5.63 E -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys be matched e).1 E(xplicitly)-.15 E 2.5 (,e)-.65 G -.15(ve)-2.75 G 2.5(ni).15 G(f)-2.5 E F1(dotglob)2.5 E F0 -(is set.)2.5 E F1(execfail)144 194.4 Q F0 .517(If set, a non-interacti) -184 194.4 R .817 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .517(hell will not e).15 F .516 +(is set.)2.5 E F1(execfail)144 432 Q F0 .517(If set, a non-interacti)184 +432 R .817 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .517(hell will not e).15 F .516 (xit if it cannot e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .516 (cute the \214le speci\214ed as an ar).15 F(-)-.2 E(gument to the)184 -206.4 Q F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command.).2 E(An interacti)5 -E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hell does not e).15 E(xit if)-.15 E F1(exec)2.5 E -F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(expand_aliases)144 223.2 Q F0 .716 -(If set, aliases are e)184 235.2 R .717(xpanded as described abo)-.15 F -1.017 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)3.217 E -/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .717(This option is enabled)5.217 F -(by def)184 247.2 Q(ault for interacti)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.) -.15 E F1(extdeb)144 264 Q(ug)-.2 E F0 .17(If set at shell in)184 276 R --.2(vo)-.4 G .17(cation, or in a shell startup \214le, arrange to e).2 F --.15(xe)-.15 G .17(cute the deb).15 F .17(ugger pro\214le)-.2 F 1.081 -(before the shell starts, identical to the)184 288 R F13.582 -E(ugger)-.2 E F0 3.582(option. If)3.582 F 1.082(set after in)3.582 F -.2 -(vo)-.4 G 1.082(cation, be-).2 F(ha)184 300 Q +444 Q F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command.).2 E(An interacti)5 E +.3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hell does not e).15 E(xit if)-.15 E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 +-.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(expand_aliases)144 460.8 Q F0 .716 +(If set, aliases are e)184 472.8 R .717(xpanded as described abo)-.15 F +1.017 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(ALIASES)3.217 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 +SF(.)A F0 .717(This option is enabled)5.217 F(by def)184 484.8 Q +(ault for interacti)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1(extdeb)144 +501.6 Q(ug)-.2 E F0 .17(If set at shell in)184 513.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G .17 +(cation, or in a shell startup \214le, arrange to e).2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +.17(cute the deb).15 F .17(ugger pro\214le)-.2 F 1.081 +(before the shell starts, identical to the)184 525.6 R F1 +3.582 E(ugger)-.2 E F0 3.582(option. If)3.582 F 1.082(set after in)3.582 +F -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.082(cation, be-).2 F(ha)184 537.6 Q (vior intended for use by deb)-.2 E(uggers is enabled:)-.2 E F1(1.)184 -316.8 Q F0(The)220 316.8 Q F14.251 E F0 1.751(option to the)4.251 +554.4 Q F0(The)220 554.4 Q F14.251 E F0 1.751(option to the)4.251 F F1(declar)4.251 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)4.251 G 1.751 (iltin displays the source \214le name and line).2 F -(number corresponding to each function name supplied as an ar)220 328.8 -Q(gument.)-.18 E F1(2.)184 345.6 Q F0 1.667(If the command run by the) -220 345.6 R F1(DEB)4.167 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.667(trap returns a non-zero v) +(number corresponding to each function name supplied as an ar)220 566.4 +Q(gument.)-.18 E F1(2.)184 583.2 Q F0 1.667(If the command run by the) +220 583.2 R F1(DEB)4.167 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.667(trap returns a non-zero v) 4.167 F 1.667(alue, the ne)-.25 F(xt)-.15 E -(command is skipped and not e)220 357.6 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1 -(3.)184 374.4 Q F0 .841(If the command run by the)220 374.4 R F1(DEB) -3.341 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .841(trap returns a v)3.341 F .84 -(alue of 2, and the shell is)-.25 F -.15(exe)220 386.4 S .488 +(command is skipped and not e)220 595.2 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1 +(3.)184 612 Q F0 .841(If the command run by the)220 612 R F1(DEB)3.341 E +(UG)-.1 E F0 .841(trap returns a v)3.341 F .84 +(alue of 2, and the shell is)-.25 F -.15(exe)220 624 S .488 (cuting in a subroutine \(a shell function or a shell script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .488(cuted by the).15 F F1(.)2.988 E F0(or)2.988 E F1 -(sour)220 398.4 Q(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G +(sour)220 636 Q(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G (iltins\), the shell simulates a call to).2 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(tur).18 E -(n)-.15 E F0(.)A F1(4.)184 415.2 Q F2 -.27(BA)220 415.2 S(SH_ARGC).27 E +(n)-.15 E F0(.)A F1(4.)184 652.8 Q F2 -.27(BA)220 652.8 S(SH_ARGC).27 E F0(and)3.154 E F2 -.27(BA)3.404 G(SH_ARGV).27 E F0 .904 -(are updated as described in their descriptions)3.154 F(abo)220 427.2 Q --.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F1(5.)184 444 Q F0 1.637(Function tracing is ena\ -bled: command substitution, shell functions, and sub-)220 444 R -(shells in)220 456 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1 -(\()2.5 E/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(command)2.5 E F1(\))2.5 E F0 +(are updated as described in their descriptions)3.154 F(abo)220 664.8 Q +-.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F1(5.)184 681.6 Q F0 1.637(Function tracing is e\ +nabled: command substitution, shell functions, and sub-)220 681.6 R +(shells in)220 693.6 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E +F1(\()2.5 E/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(command)2.5 E F1(\))2.5 E F0 (inherit the)2.5 E F1(DEB)2.5 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.5 E F1(RETURN)2.5 E F0 -(traps.)2.5 E F1(6.)184 472.8 Q F0 1.082(Error tracing is enabled: comm\ -and substitution, shell functions, and subshells)220 472.8 R(in)220 -484.8 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E F4 +(traps.)2.5 E F1(6.)184 710.4 Q F0 1.082(Error tracing is enabled: comm\ +and substitution, shell functions, and subshells)220 710.4 R(in)220 +722.4 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E F4 (command)2.5 E F1(\))2.5 E F0(inherit the)2.5 E F1(ERR)2.5 E F0(trap.) -2.5 E F1(extglob)144 501.6 Q F0 .4(If set, the e)184 501.6 R .4 +2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(77)188.45 E 0 Cg +EP +%%Page: 78 78 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF(extglob)144 84 Q F0 .4(If set, the e)184 84 R .4 (xtended pattern matching features described abo)-.15 F .7 -.15(ve u) --.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.9 G .4(thname Expan-).1 F(sion)184 513.6 Q -F0(are enabled.)2.5 E F1(extquote)144 530.4 Q F0 .86(If set,)184 542.4 R -F1($)3.36 E F0<08>A F4(string)A F0 3.36<0861>C(nd)-3.36 E F1($)3.36 E F0 -(")A F4(string)A F0 3.36("q)C .86(uoting is performed within)-3.36 F F1 -(${)3.36 E F4(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(})A F0 -.15(ex)3.36 G .86 -(pansions en-).15 F(closed in double quotes.)184 554.4 Q -(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(failglob)144 571.2 Q -F0 .242(If set, patterns which f)184 571.2 R .243 -(ail to match \214lenames during pathname e)-.1 F .243 -(xpansion result in an e)-.15 F(x-)-.15 E(pansion error)184 583.2 Q(.) --.55 E F1 -.25(fo)144 600 S -.18(rc).25 G(e_\214gnor).18 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.937(If set, the suf)184 612 R<8c78>-.25 E .936(es speci\214ed by the) --.15 F F2(FIGNORE)3.436 E F0 .936(shell v)3.186 F .936(ariable cause w) --.25 F .936(ords to be ignored)-.1 F .32(when performing w)184 624 R .32 -(ord completion e)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.82(ni).15 G 2.82(ft)-2.82 G .32 -(he ignored w)-2.82 F .32(ords are the only possible com-)-.1 F 2.948 -(pletions. See)184 636 R F2 .448(SHELL V)2.948 F(ARIABLES)-1.215 E F0 -(abo)2.698 E .748 -.15(ve f)-.15 H .448(or a description of).15 F F2 -(FIGNORE)2.947 E F3(.)A F0 .447(This option is)4.947 F(enabled by def) -184 648 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(globasciiranges)144 664.8 Q F0 2.518 -(If set, range e)184 676.8 R 2.519 +-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.9 G .4(thname Expan-).1 F(sion)184 96 Q F0 +(are enabled.)2.5 E F1(extquote)144 112.8 Q F0 .86(If set,)184 124.8 R +F1($)3.36 E F0<08>A/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(string)A F0 3.36<0861>C(nd) +-3.36 E F1($)3.36 E F0(")A F2(string)A F0 3.36("q)C .86 +(uoting is performed within)-3.36 F F1(${)3.36 E F2(par)A(ameter)-.15 E +F1(})A F0 -.15(ex)3.36 G .86(pansions en-).15 F +(closed in double quotes.)184 136.8 Q(This option is enabled by def)5 E +(ault.)-.1 E F1(failglob)144 153.6 Q F0 .242(If set, patterns which f) +184 153.6 R .243(ail to match \214lenames during pathname e)-.1 F .243 +(xpansion result in an e)-.15 F(x-)-.15 E(pansion error)184 165.6 Q(.) +-.55 E F1 -.25(fo)144 182.4 S -.18(rc).25 G(e_\214gnor).18 E(e)-.18 E F0 +.937(If set, the suf)184 194.4 R<8c78>-.25 E .936(es speci\214ed by the) +-.15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(FIGNORE)3.436 E F0 .936(shell v)3.186 F .936 +(ariable cause w)-.25 F .936(ords to be ignored)-.1 F .32 +(when performing w)184 206.4 R .32(ord completion e)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +2.82(ni).15 G 2.82(ft)-2.82 G .32(he ignored w)-2.82 F .32 +(ords are the only possible com-)-.1 F 2.948(pletions. See)184 218.4 R +F3 .448(SHELL V)2.948 F(ARIABLES)-1.215 E F0(abo)2.698 E .748 -.15(ve f) +-.15 H .448(or a description of).15 F F3(FIGNORE)2.947 E/F4 9 +/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .447(This option is)4.947 F(enabled by def)184 +230.4 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(globasciiranges)144 247.2 Q F0 2.518 +(If set, range e)184 259.2 R 2.519 (xpressions used in pattern matching brack)-.15 F 2.519(et e)-.1 F 2.519 -(xpressions \(see)-.15 F F2 -.09(Pa)5.019 G(tter).09 E(n)-.135 E -(Matching)184 688.8 Q F0(abo)2.965 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.215(\)b).15 G(eha) +(xpressions \(see)-.15 F F3 -.09(Pa)5.019 G(tter).09 E(n)-.135 E +(Matching)184 271.2 Q F0(abo)2.965 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.215(\)b).15 G(eha) -3.215 E 1.015 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 3.214(si).15 G 3.214(fi)-3.214 G 3.214 (nt)-3.214 G .714(he traditional C locale when performing comparisons.) --3.214 F 1.02(That is, the current locale')184 700.8 R 3.52(sc)-.55 G +-3.214 F 1.02(That is, the current locale')184 283.2 R 3.52(sc)-.55 G 1.02(ollating sequence is not tak)-3.52 F 1.02(en into account, so)-.1 F -F1(b)3.52 E F0 1.02(will not)3.52 F .957(collate between)184 712.8 R F1 +F1(b)3.52 E F0 1.02(will not)3.52 F .957(collate between)184 295.2 R F1 (A)3.457 E F0(and)3.457 E F1(B)3.457 E F0 3.457(,a)C .957(nd upper) -3.457 F .957(-case and lo)-.2 F(wer)-.25 E .956 -(-case ASCII characters will collate)-.2 F(together)184 724.8 Q(.)-.55 E -(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 January 17)141.79 E(77)190.95 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 78 78 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(globskipdots)144 84 Q F0 .284(If set, pathname e)184 96 R .284 +(-case ASCII characters will collate)-.2 F(together)184 307.2 Q(.)-.55 E +F1(globskipdots)144 324 Q F0 .284(If set, pathname e)184 336 R .284 (xpansion will ne)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.785(rm).15 G .285 (atch the \214lenames)-2.785 F F1 -.63(``)2.785 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0(and)5.285 E F1 -.63(``)2.785 G(..).63 E -.63('')-.55 G F0 2.785(,e) .63 G -.15(ve)-3.035 G 2.785(ni).15 G 2.785(ft)-2.785 G .285(he pat-) --2.785 F(tern be)184 108 Q(gins with a)-.15 E F1 -.63(``)2.5 G -.55(.') +-2.785 F(tern be)184 348 Q(gins with a)-.15 E F1 -.63(``)2.5 G -.55(.') .63 G(')-.08 E F0 5(.T)C(his option is enabled by def)-5 E(ault.)-.1 E -F1(globstar)144 124.8 Q F0 .519(If set, the pattern)184 124.8 R F1(**) +F1(globstar)144 364.8 Q F0 .519(If set, the pattern)184 364.8 R F1(**) 3.019 E F0 .519(used in a pathname e)3.019 F .519(xpansion conte)-.15 F .518(xt will match all \214les and zero)-.15 F .431 -(or more directories and subdirectories.)184 136.8 R .431 +(or more directories and subdirectories.)184 376.8 R .431 (If the pattern is follo)5.431 F .432(wed by a)-.25 F F1(/)2.932 E F0 2.932(,o)C .432(nly directories)-2.932 F(and subdirectories match.)184 -148.8 Q F1(gnu_errfmt)144 165.6 Q F0(If set, shell error messages are w\ -ritten in the standard GNU error message format.)184 177.6 Q F1 -(histappend)144 194.4 Q F0 .676 +388.8 Q F1(gnu_errfmt)144 405.6 Q F0(If set, shell error messages are w\ +ritten in the standard GNU error message format.)184 417.6 Q F1 +(histappend)144 434.4 Q F0 .676 (If set, the history list is appended to the \214le named by the v)184 -206.4 R .676(alue of the)-.25 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTFILE)3.176 E F0 --.25(va)2.926 G(ri-).25 E(able when the shell e)184 218.4 Q -(xits, rather than o)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the \214le.).15 E F1 -(histr)144 235.2 Q(eedit)-.18 E F0 .575(If set, and)184 247.2 R F1 -.18 -(re)3.075 G(adline).18 E F0 .575(is being used, a user is gi)3.075 F --.15(ve)-.25 G 3.075(nt).15 G .576(he opportunity to re-edit a f)-3.075 -F .576(ailed his-)-.1 F(tory substitution.)184 259.2 Q F1(histv)144 276 -Q(erify)-.1 E F0 .403(If set, and)184 288 R F1 -.18(re)2.903 G(adline) -.18 E F0 .403 +446.4 R .676(alue of the)-.25 F F3(HISTFILE)3.176 E F0 -.25(va)2.926 G +(ri-).25 E(able when the shell e)184 458.4 Q(xits, rather than o)-.15 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the \214le.).15 E F1(histr)144 475.2 Q(eedit) +-.18 E F0 .575(If set, and)184 487.2 R F1 -.18(re)3.075 G(adline).18 E +F0 .575(is being used, a user is gi)3.075 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.075(nt).15 +G .576(he opportunity to re-edit a f)-3.075 F .576(ailed his-)-.1 F +(tory substitution.)184 499.2 Q F1(histv)144 516 Q(erify)-.1 E F0 .403 +(If set, and)184 528 R F1 -.18(re)2.903 G(adline).18 E F0 .403 (is being used, the results of history substitution are not immediately) -2.903 F .661(passed to the shell parser)184 300 R 5.661(.I)-.55 G .662 +2.903 F .661(passed to the shell parser)184 540 R 5.661(.I)-.55 G .662 (nstead, the resulting line is loaded into the)-5.661 F F1 -.18(re)3.162 -G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.162 E -.2(bu)184 312 S -.25(ff).2 G(er).25 E +G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.162 E -.2(bu)184 552 S -.25(ff).2 G(er).25 E 2.5(,a)-.4 G(llo)-2.5 E(wing further modi\214cation.)-.25 E F1 -(hostcomplete)144 328.8 Q F0 1.182(If set, and)184 340.8 R F1 -.18(re) +(hostcomplete)144 568.8 Q F0 1.182(If set, and)184 580.8 R F1 -.18(re) 3.682 G(adline).18 E F0 1.182(is being used,)3.682 F F1(bash)3.682 E F0 1.181(will attempt to perform hostname completion)3.681 F 1.38(when a w) -184 352.8 R 1.38(ord containing a)-.1 F F1(@)3.881 E F0 1.381 +184 592.8 R 1.38(ord containing a)-.1 F F1(@)3.881 E F0 1.381 (is being completed \(see)3.881 F F1(Completing)3.881 E F0(under)3.881 E -F2(READLINE)3.881 E F0(abo)184 364.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(\). This).15 F -(is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(huponexit)144 381.6 Q F0 -(If set,)184 393.6 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(will send)2.5 E F2(SIGHUP)2.5 E F0 +F3(READLINE)3.881 E F0(abo)184 604.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(\). This).15 F +(is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(huponexit)144 621.6 Q F0 +(If set,)184 633.6 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(will send)2.5 E F3(SIGHUP)2.5 E F0 (to all jobs when an interacti)2.25 E .3 -.15(ve l)-.25 H(ogin shell e) -.15 E(xits.)-.15 E F1(inherit_err)144 410.4 Q(exit)-.18 E F0 .22 -(If set, command substitution inherits the v)184 422.4 R .219 +.15 E(xits.)-.15 E F1(inherit_err)144 650.4 Q(exit)-.18 E F0 .22 +(If set, command substitution inherits the v)184 662.4 R .219 (alue of the)-.25 F F1(err)2.719 E(exit)-.18 E F0 .219 -(option, instead of unsetting)2.719 F(it in the subshell en)184 434.4 Q -2.5(vironment. This)-.4 F(option is enabled when)2.5 E/F3 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(posix mode)2.5 E F0(is enabled.)2.5 E F1(interacti) -144 451.2 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(_comments).1 E F0 .33(If set, allo)184 463.2 R -2.83(waw)-.25 G .33(ord be)-2.93 F .33(ginning with)-.15 F F1(#)2.83 E -F0 .33(to cause that w)2.83 F .33(ord and all remaining characters on) --.1 F .967(that line to be ignored in an interacti)184 475.2 R 1.267 --.15(ve s)-.25 H .967(hell \(see).15 F F2(COMMENTS)3.467 E F0(abo)3.217 -E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.467(\). This).15 F .967(option is)3.467 F -(enabled by def)184 487.2 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(lastpipe)144 504 Q F0 .066 -(If set, and job control is not acti)184 504 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.566(,t) -.15 G .066(he shell runs the last command of a pipeline not e)-2.566 F --.15(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E(cuted in the background in the current shell en) -184 516 Q(vironment.)-.4 E F1(lithist)144 532.8 Q F0 .655 -(If set, and the)184 532.8 R F1(cmdhist)3.155 E F0 .654 +(option, instead of unsetting)2.719 F(it in the subshell en)184 674.4 Q +2.5(vironment. This)-.4 F(option is enabled when)2.5 E F2(posix mode)2.5 +E F0(is enabled.)2.5 E F1(interacti)144 691.2 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(_comments) +.1 E F0 .33(If set, allo)184 703.2 R 2.83(waw)-.25 G .33(ord be)-2.93 F +.33(ginning with)-.15 F F1(#)2.83 E F0 .33(to cause that w)2.83 F .33 +(ord and all remaining characters on)-.1 F .967 +(that line to be ignored in an interacti)184 715.2 R 1.267 -.15(ve s) +-.25 H .967(hell \(see).15 F F3(COMMENTS)3.467 E F0(abo)3.217 E -.15(ve) +-.15 G 3.467(\). This).15 F .967(option is)3.467 F(enabled by def)184 +727.2 Q(ault.)-.1 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(78) +188.45 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 79 79 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF(lastpipe)144 84 Q F0 .066(If set, and job control is not acti)184 84 +R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.566(,t).15 G .066 +(he shell runs the last command of a pipeline not e)-2.566 F -.15(xe) +-.15 G(-).15 E(cuted in the background in the current shell en)184 96 Q +(vironment.)-.4 E F1(lithist)144 112.8 Q F0 .655(If set, and the)184 +112.8 R F1(cmdhist)3.155 E F0 .654 (option is enabled, multi-line commands are sa)3.154 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.154(dt).15 G 3.154(ot)-3.154 G .654(he history)-3.154 F -(with embedded ne)184 544.8 Q +(with embedded ne)184 124.8 Q (wlines rather than using semicolon separators where possible.)-.25 E F1 -(localv)144 561.6 Q(ar_inherit)-.1 E F0 .421(If set, local v)184 573.6 R +(localv)144 141.6 Q(ar_inherit)-.1 E F0 .421(If set, local v)184 153.6 R .422(ariables inherit the v)-.25 F .422(alue and attrib)-.25 F .422 (utes of a v)-.2 F .422(ariable of the same name that)-.25 F -.15(ex)184 -585.6 S .174(ists at a pre).15 F .174(vious scope before an)-.25 F 2.673 +165.6 S .174(ists at a pre).15 F .174(vious scope before an)-.25 F 2.673 (yn)-.15 G .673 -.25(ew va)-2.673 H .173(lue is assigned.).25 F .173 -(The nameref attrib)5.173 F .173(ute is not)-.2 F(inherited.)184 597.6 Q -F1(localv)144 614.4 Q(ar_unset)-.1 E F0 .328(If set, calling)184 626.4 R +(The nameref attrib)5.173 F .173(ute is not)-.2 F(inherited.)184 177.6 Q +F1(localv)144 194.4 Q(ar_unset)-.1 E F0 .328(If set, calling)184 206.4 R F1(unset)2.828 E F0 .328(on local v)2.828 F .329(ariables in pre)-.25 F .329(vious function scopes marks them so subse-)-.25 F .543(quent looku\ ps \214nd them unset until that function returns. This is identical to \ -the beha)184 638.4 R(v-)-.2 E(ior of unsetting local v)184 650.4 Q -(ariables at the current function scope.)-.25 E F1(login_shell)144 667.2 +the beha)184 218.4 R(v-)-.2 E(ior of unsetting local v)184 230.4 Q +(ariables at the current function scope.)-.25 E F1(login_shell)144 247.2 Q F0 .486 (The shell sets this option if it is started as a login shell \(see)184 -679.2 R F2(INV)2.987 E(OCA)-.405 E(TION)-.855 E F0(abo)2.737 E -.15(ve) --.15 G 2.987(\). The).15 F -.25(va)184 691.2 S(lue may not be changed.) -.25 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 January 17)141.79 E(78)190.95 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 79 79 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(mailwar)144 84 Q(n)-.15 E F0 .815(If set, and a \214le that)184 96 R -F1(bash)3.315 E F0 .814 +259.2 R/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(INV)2.987 E(OCA)-.405 E(TION)-.855 E F0 +(abo)2.737 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.987(\). The).15 F -.25(va)184 271.2 S +(lue may not be changed.).25 E F1(mailwar)144 288 Q(n)-.15 E F0 .815 +(If set, and a \214le that)184 300 R F1(bash)3.315 E F0 .814 (is checking for mail has been accessed since the last time it)3.315 F --.1(wa)184 108 S 2.5(sc).1 G(heck)-2.5 E(ed, the message `)-.1 E -(`The mail in)-.74 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(mail\214le)2.5 E F0 +-.1(wa)184 312 S 2.5(sc).1 G(heck)-2.5 E(ed, the message `)-.1 E +(`The mail in)-.74 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(mail\214le)2.5 E F0 (has been read')2.5 E 2.5('i)-.74 G 2.5(sd)-2.5 G(isplayed.)-2.5 E F1 -(no_empty_cmd_completion)144 124.8 Q F0 .324(If set, and)184 136.8 R F1 +(no_empty_cmd_completion)144 328.8 Q F0 .324(If set, and)184 340.8 R F1 -.18(re)2.824 G(adline).18 E F0 .324(is being used,)2.824 F F1(bash) -2.824 E F0 .324(will not attempt to search the)2.824 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 -SF -.666(PA)2.825 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .325(for possible)2.575 F -(completions when completion is attempted on an empty line.)184 148.8 Q -F1(nocaseglob)144 165.6 Q F0 .437(If set,)184 177.6 R F1(bash)2.937 E F0 +2.824 E F0 .324(will not attempt to search the)2.824 F F2 -.666(PA)2.825 +G(TH)-.189 E F0 .325(for possible)2.575 F +(completions when completion is attempted on an empty line.)184 352.8 Q +F1(nocaseglob)144 369.6 Q F0 .437(If set,)184 381.6 R F1(bash)2.937 E F0 .436(matches \214lenames in a case\255insensiti)2.937 F .736 -.15(ve f) --.25 H .436(ashion when performing pathname).05 F -.15(ex)184 189.6 S +-.25 H .436(ashion when performing pathname).05 F -.15(ex)184 393.6 S (pansion \(see).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.5 G(thname Expansion).1 E F0(abo)2.5 E --.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1(nocasematch)144 206.4 Q F0 1.193(If set,)184 -218.4 R F1(bash)3.693 E F0 1.194 +-.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1(nocasematch)144 410.4 Q F0 1.193(If set,)184 +422.4 R F1(bash)3.693 E F0 1.194 (matches patterns in a case\255insensiti)3.693 F 1.494 -.15(ve f)-.25 H -1.194(ashion when performing matching).05 F .551(while e)184 230.4 R +1.194(ashion when performing matching).05 F .551(while e)184 434.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(case)3.051 E F0(or)3.051 E F1([[)3.051 E F0 .551(conditional commands, when performing pattern substitution)3.051 -F -.1(wo)184 242.4 S .622(rd e).1 F .623(xpansions, or when \214ltering\ +F -.1(wo)184 446.4 S .622(rd e).1 F .623(xpansions, or when \214ltering\ possible completions as part of programmable com-)-.15 F(pletion.)184 -254.4 Q F1(noexpand_translation)144 271.2 Q F0 1.118(If set,)184 283.2 R +458.4 Q F1(noexpand_translation)144 475.2 Q F0 1.118(If set,)184 487.2 R F1(bash)3.618 E F0 1.117(encloses the translated results of $"..." quot\ -ing in single quotes instead of)3.617 F(double quotes.)184 295.2 Q +ing in single quotes instead of)3.617 F(double quotes.)184 499.2 Q (If the string is not translated, this has no ef)5 E(fect.)-.25 E F1 -(nullglob)144 312 Q F0 .854(If set,)184 324 R F1(bash)3.354 E F0(allo) +(nullglob)144 516 Q F0 .854(If set,)184 528 R F1(bash)3.354 E F0(allo) 3.354 E .855(ws patterns which match no \214les \(see)-.25 F F1 -.1(Pa) 3.355 G .855(thname Expansion).1 F F0(abo)3.355 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.355 -(\)t).15 G(o)-3.355 E -.15(ex)184 336 S +(\)t).15 G(o)-3.355 E -.15(ex)184 540 S (pand to a null string, rather than themselv).15 E(es.)-.15 E F1 -(patsub_r)144 352.8 Q(eplacement)-.18 E F0 .106(If set,)184 364.8 R F1 +(patsub_r)144 556.8 Q(eplacement)-.18 E F0 .106(If set,)184 568.8 R F1 (bash)2.606 E F0 -.15(ex)2.606 G .106(pands occurrences of).15 F F1(&) 2.606 E F0 .105(in the replacement string of pattern substitution to) -2.606 F .527(the te)184 376.8 R .527 +2.606 F .527(the te)184 580.8 R .527 (xt matched by the pattern, as described under)-.15 F F1 -.1(Pa)3.028 G .528(rameter Expansion).1 F F0(abo)3.028 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.528(.T).15 G -(his)-5.528 E(option is enabled by def)184 388.8 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(pr)144 -405.6 Q(ogcomp)-.18 E F0 .677(If set, the programmable completion f)184 -417.6 R .677(acilities \(see)-.1 F F1(Pr)3.176 E .676 +(his)-5.528 E(option is enabled by def)184 592.8 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(pr)144 +609.6 Q(ogcomp)-.18 E F0 .677(If set, the programmable completion f)184 +621.6 R .677(acilities \(see)-.1 F F1(Pr)3.176 E .676 (ogrammable Completion)-.18 F F0(abo)3.176 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\)).15 E -(are enabled.)184 429.6 Q(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E -F1(pr)144 446.4 Q(ogcomp_alias)-.18 E F0 2.124 -(If set, and programmable completion is enabled,)184 458.4 R F1(bash) -4.624 E F0 2.124(treats a command name that)4.624 F(doesn')184 470.4 Q +(are enabled.)184 633.6 Q(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E +F1(pr)144 650.4 Q(ogcomp_alias)-.18 E F0 2.124 +(If set, and programmable completion is enabled,)184 662.4 R F1(bash) +4.624 E F0 2.124(treats a command name that)4.624 F(doesn')184 674.4 Q 3.289(th)-.18 G -2.25 -.2(av e)-3.289 H(an)3.489 E 3.289(yc)-.15 G .789 (ompletions as a possible alias and attempts alias e)-3.289 F .788 -(xpansion. If it has)-.15 F 1.473(an alias,)184 482.4 R F1(bash)3.973 E +(xpansion. If it has)-.15 F 1.473(an alias,)184 686.4 R F1(bash)3.973 E F0 1.473(attempts programmable completion using the command w)3.973 F -1.473(ord resulting)-.1 F(from the e)184 494.4 Q(xpanded alias.)-.15 E -F1(pr)144 511.2 Q(omptv)-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 1.448 -(If set, prompt strings under)184 523.2 R 1.448(go parameter e)-.18 F -1.447(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic)-.15 F -.15(ex)184 -535.2 S .17(pansion, and quote remo).15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.67(la).25 G -.17(fter being e)-2.67 F .17(xpanded as described in)-.15 F F3(PR)2.671 -E(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(abo)2.421 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E -(This option is enabled by def)184 547.2 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)144 -564 S(stricted_shell).18 E F0 1.069 +1.473(ord resulting)-.1 F(from the e)184 698.4 Q(xpanded alias.)-.15 E +(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(79)188.45 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 80 80 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF(pr)144 84 Q(omptv)-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 1.448 +(If set, prompt strings under)184 96 R 1.448(go parameter e)-.18 F 1.447 +(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic)-.15 F -.15(ex)184 108 S .17 +(pansion, and quote remo).15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.67(la).25 G .17 +(fter being e)-2.67 F .17(xpanded as described in)-.15 F/F2 9 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(PR)2.671 E(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(abo)2.421 E -.15(ve)-.15 G +(.).15 E(This option is enabled by def)184 120 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1 -.18(re) +144 136.8 S(stricted_shell).18 E F0 1.069 (The shell sets this option if it is started in restricted mode \(see) -184 576 R F3 1.069(RESTRICTED SHELL)3.569 F F0(belo)184 588 Q 2.86 +184 148.8 R F2 1.069(RESTRICTED SHELL)3.569 F F0(belo)184 160.8 Q 2.86 (w\). The)-.25 F -.25(va)2.86 G .36(lue may not be changed.).25 F .36 (This is not reset when the startup \214les are e)5.36 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -(-).15 E(cuted, allo)184 600 Q(wing the startup \214les to disco)-.25 E --.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(rw).15 G(hether or not a shell is restricted.)-2.5 E -F1(shift_v)144 616.8 Q(erbose)-.1 E F0 .502(If set, the)184 628.8 R F1 +(-).15 E(cuted, allo)184 172.8 Q(wing the startup \214les to disco)-.25 +E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(rw).15 G(hether or not a shell is restricted.)-2.5 +E F1(shift_v)144 189.6 Q(erbose)-.1 E F0 .502(If set, the)184 201.6 R F1 (shift)3.002 E F0 -.2(bu)3.002 G .501 (iltin prints an error message when the shift count e).2 F .501 -(xceeds the number)-.15 F(of positional parameters.)184 640.8 Q F1(sour) -144 657.6 Q(cepath)-.18 E F0 .77(If set, the)184 669.6 R F1(.)3.27 E F0 +(xceeds the number)-.15 F(of positional parameters.)184 213.6 Q F1(sour) +144 230.4 Q(cepath)-.18 E F0 .77(If set, the)184 242.4 R F1(.)3.27 E F0 (\()3.27 E F1(sour)A(ce)-.18 E F0 3.27(\)b)C .77(uiltin uses the v)-3.47 -F .771(alue of)-.25 F F3 -.666(PA)3.271 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .771 +F .771(alue of)-.25 F F2 -.666(PA)3.271 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .771 (to \214nd the directory containing the)3.021 F -(\214le supplied as an ar)184 681.6 Q 2.5(gument. This)-.18 F -(option is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1 -.1(va)144 698.4 S(rr).1 +(\214le supplied as an ar)184 254.4 Q 2.5(gument. This)-.18 F +(option is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1 -.1(va)144 271.2 S(rr).1 E(edir_close)-.18 E F0 .74(If set, the shell automatically closes \214l\ -e descriptors assigned using the)184 710.4 R F2({varname})3.24 E F0 -(redi-)3.24 E 2.557(rection syntax \(see)184 722.4 R F3(REDIRECTION) -5.058 E F0(abo)4.808 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.058(\)i).15 G 2.558 -(nstead of lea)-5.058 F 2.558(ving them open when the)-.2 F -(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 January 17)141.79 E(79)190.95 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 80 80 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E -(command completes.)184 84 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(xpg_echo)144 100.8 Q -F0(If set, the)184 112.8 Q F1(echo)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin e).2 E +e descriptors assigned using the)184 283.2 R/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF +({varname})3.24 E F0(redi-)3.24 E .423(rection syntax \(see)184 295.2 R +F2(REDIRECTION)2.924 E F0(abo)2.674 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.924(\)i).15 G +.424(nstead of lea)-2.924 F .424(ving them open when the com-)-.2 F +(mand completes.)184 307.2 Q F1(xpg_echo)144 324 Q F0(If set, the)184 +336 Q F1(echo)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin e).2 E (xpands backslash-escape sequences by def)-.15 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(suspend) -108 129.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F0(])A 1.002(Suspend the e)144 141.6 R +108 352.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F0(])A 1.002(Suspend the e)144 364.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.002(cution of this shell until it recei).15 F -.15(ve) --.25 G 3.501(sa).15 G/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGCONT)A F0 3.501(signal. A) -3.251 F 1.001(login shell cannot be)3.501 F .022(suspended; the)144 -153.6 R F12.522 E F0 .022(option can be used to o)2.522 F -.15(ve) --.15 G .022(rride this and force the suspension.).15 F .023 -(The return status is)5.023 F 2.5(0u)144 165.6 S -(nless the shell is a login shell and)-2.5 E F12.5 E F0 -(is not supplied, or if job control is not enabled.)2.5 E F1(test)108 -182.4 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1([)108 194.4 Q F3 --.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(])2.5 E F0 .878 -(Return a status of 0 \(true\) or 1 \(f)144 194.4 R .877 +-.25 G 3.501(sa).15 G F2(SIGCONT)A F0 3.501(signal. A)3.251 F 1.001 +(login shell cannot be)3.501 F .022(suspended; the)144 376.8 R F1 +2.522 E F0 .022(option can be used to o)2.522 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .022 +(rride this and force the suspension.).15 F .023(The return status is) +5.023 F 2.5(0u)144 388.8 S(nless the shell is a login shell and)-2.5 E +F12.5 E F0(is not supplied, or if job control is not enabled.)2.5 +E F1(test)108 405.6 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1([)108 417.6 Q F3 -.2 +(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(])2.5 E F0 .878 +(Return a status of 0 \(true\) or 1 \(f)144 417.6 R .877 (alse\) depending on the e)-.1 F -.25(va)-.25 G .877 -(luation of the conditional e).25 F(xpression)-.15 E F3 -.2(ex)144 206.4 +(luation of the conditional e).25 F(xpression)-.15 E F3 -.2(ex)144 429.6 S(pr).2 E F0 5.53(.E).73 G .53 (ach operator and operand must be a separate ar)-5.53 F 3.03 (gument. Expressions)-.18 F .53(are composed of the)3.03 F 1.361 -(primaries described abo)144 218.4 R 1.661 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E +(primaries described abo)144 441.6 R 1.661 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(CONDITION)3.861 E 1.36(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.) A F1(test)5.86 E F0 1.36(does not accept an)3.86 F 3.86(yo)-.15 G(p-) --3.86 E(tions, nor does it accept and ignore an ar)144 230.4 Q +-3.86 E(tions, nor does it accept and ignore an ar)144 453.6 Q (gument of)-.18 E F12.5 E F0(as signifying the end of options.)2.5 -E .785(Expressions may be combined using the follo)144 248.4 R .786 +E .785(Expressions may be combined using the follo)144 471.6 R .786 (wing operators, listed in decreasing order of prece-)-.25 F 3.412 -(dence. The)144 260.4 R -.25(eva)3.412 G .912 +(dence. The)144 483.6 R -.25(eva)3.412 G .912 (luation depends on the number of ar).25 F .911(guments; see belo)-.18 F 4.711 -.65(w. O)-.25 H .911(perator precedence is).65 F -(used when there are \214v)144 272.4 Q 2.5(eo)-.15 G 2.5(rm)-2.5 G -(ore ar)-2.5 E(guments.)-.18 E F1(!)144 284.4 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E -F0 -.35(Tr)180 284.4 S(ue if).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0(is f)3.23 -E(alse.)-.1 E F1(\()144 296.4 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(\))2.5 E F0 -.26(Returns the v)180 296.4 R .26(alue of)-.25 F F3 -.2(ex)2.76 G(pr).2 +(used when there are \214v)144 495.6 Q 2.5(eo)-.15 G 2.5(rm)-2.5 G +(ore ar)-2.5 E(guments.)-.18 E F1(!)144 507.6 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E +F0 -.35(Tr)180 507.6 S(ue if).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0(is f)3.23 +E(alse.)-.1 E F1(\()144 519.6 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(\))2.5 E F0 +.26(Returns the v)180 519.6 R .26(alue of)-.25 F F3 -.2(ex)2.76 G(pr).2 E F0 5.26(.T)C .26(his may be used to o)-5.26 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .26 -(rride the normal precedence of opera-).15 F(tors.)180 308.4 Q F3 -.2 -(ex)144 320.4 S(pr1).2 E F02.5 E F1(a)A F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 --.35(Tr)180 332.4 S(ue if both).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(and)2.5 -E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(are true.)2.52 E F3 -.2(ex)144 344.4 S +(rride the normal precedence of opera-).15 F(tors.)180 531.6 Q F3 -.2 +(ex)144 543.6 S(pr1).2 E F02.5 E F1(a)A F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 +-.35(Tr)180 555.6 S(ue if both).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(and)2.5 +E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(are true.)2.52 E F3 -.2(ex)144 567.6 S (pr1).2 E F02.5 E F1(o)A F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35(Tr)180 -356.4 S(ue if either).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(or)2.5 E F3 -.2 -(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(is true.)2.52 E F1(test)144 373.2 Q F0(and)2.5 E +579.6 S(ue if either).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(or)2.5 E F3 -.2 +(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(is true.)2.52 E F1(test)144 596.4 Q F0(and)2.5 E F1([)2.5 E F0 -.25(eva)2.5 G(luate conditional e).25 E (xpressions using a set of rules based on the number of ar)-.15 E -(guments.)-.18 E 2.5(0a)144 391.2 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E(The e) -180 403.2 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(1a)144 415.2 S -.18 -(rg)-2.5 G(ument).18 E(The e)180 427.2 Q +(guments.)-.18 E 2.5(0a)144 614.4 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E(The e) +180 626.4 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(1a)144 638.4 S -.18 +(rg)-2.5 G(ument).18 E(The e)180 650.4 Q (xpression is true if and only if the ar)-.15 E(gument is not null.)-.18 -E 2.5(2a)144 439.2 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .37(If the \214rst ar) -180 451.2 R .37(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.87 E F0 2.87(,t)C .37(he e)-2.87 +E 2.5(2a)144 662.4 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .37(If the \214rst ar) +180 674.4 R .37(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.87 E F0 2.87(,t)C .37(he e)-2.87 F .37(xpression is true if and only if the second ar)-.15 F .37 -(gument is null.)-.18 F .379(If the \214rst ar)180 463.2 R .38 +(gument is null.)-.18 F .379(If the \214rst ar)180 686.4 R .38 (gument is one of the unary conditional operators listed abo)-.18 F .68 --.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(CONDI-)2.88 E(TION)180 475.2 Q .553 +-.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(CONDI-)2.88 E(TION)180 698.4 Q .553 (AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F F4(,)A F0 .552(the e)2.802 F .552 (xpression is true if the unary test is true.)-.15 F .552 -(If the \214rst ar)5.552 F(gu-)-.18 E(ment is not a v)180 487.2 Q +(If the \214rst ar)5.552 F(gu-)-.18 E(ment is not a v)180 710.4 Q (alid unary conditional operator)-.25 E 2.5(,t)-.4 G(he e)-2.5 E -(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(3a)144 499.2 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G -(uments).18 E .236(The follo)180 511.2 R .236 +(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q +(2022 February 10)139.29 E(80)188.45 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 81 81 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 2.5(3a)144 84 S +-.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .236(The follo)180 96 R .236 (wing conditions are applied in the order listed.)-.25 F .236 (If the second ar)5.236 F .236(gument is one of)-.18 F .855 -(the binary conditional operators listed abo)180 523.2 R 1.155 -.15 -(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(CONDITION)3.355 E .855(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F -F4(,)A F0(the)3.104 E .578(result of the e)180 535.2 R .578(xpression i\ -s the result of the binary test using the \214rst and third ar)-.15 F -(guments)-.18 E 1.333(as operands.)180 547.2 R(The)6.333 E F13.833 -E F0(and)3.833 E F13.832 E F0 1.332 +(the binary conditional operators listed abo)180 108 R 1.155 -.15(ve u) +-.15 H(nder).15 E/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(CONDITION)3.355 E .855 +(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0(the)3.104 E .578 +(result of the e)180 120 R .578(xpression is the result of the binary t\ +est using the \214rst and third ar)-.15 F(guments)-.18 E 1.333 +(as operands.)180 132 R(The)6.333 E/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF3.833 E +F0(and)3.833 E F33.832 E F0 1.332 (operators are considered binary operators when there are)3.832 F .558 -(three ar)180 559.2 R 3.058(guments. If)-.18 F .558(the \214rst ar)3.058 -F .558(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)3.058 E F0 3.058(,t)C .558(he v)-3.058 F -.558(alue is the ne)-.25 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .558(tion of the tw).05 F -(o-ar)-.1 E(gument)-.18 E .521(test using the second and third ar)180 -571.2 R 3.021(guments. If)-.18 F .521(the \214rst ar)3.021 F .52 -(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(\()3.02 E F0 .52(and the third)3.02 -F(ar)180 583.2 Q .485(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(\))2.985 E F0 -2.985(,t)C .485(he result is the one-ar)-2.985 F .485 -(gument test of the second ar)-.18 F 2.985(gument. Other)-.18 F(-)-.2 E -(wise, the e)180 595.2 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(4a)144 -607.2 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .43(The follo)180 619.2 R .43 +(three ar)180 144 R 3.058(guments. If)-.18 F .558(the \214rst ar)3.058 F +.558(gument is)-.18 F F3(!)3.058 E F0 3.058(,t)C .558(he v)-3.058 F .558 +(alue is the ne)-.25 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .558(tion of the tw).05 F(o-ar)-.1 +E(gument)-.18 E .521(test using the second and third ar)180 156 R 3.021 +(guments. If)-.18 F .521(the \214rst ar)3.021 F .52(gument is e)-.18 F +(xactly)-.15 E F3(\()3.02 E F0 .52(and the third)3.02 F(ar)180 168 Q +.485(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F3(\))2.985 E F0 2.985(,t)C .485 +(he result is the one-ar)-2.985 F .485(gument test of the second ar)-.18 +F 2.985(gument. Other)-.18 F(-)-.2 E(wise, the e)180 180 Q +(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(4a)144 192 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G +(uments).18 E .43(The follo)180 204 R .43 (wing conditions are applied in the order listed.)-.25 F .429 -(If the \214rst ar)5.429 F .429(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.929 E F0 2.929 -(,t)C .429(he re-)-2.929 F 1.314(sult is the ne)180 631.2 R -.05(ga)-.15 -G 1.314(tion of the three-ar).05 F 1.314(gument e)-.18 F 1.314 +(If the \214rst ar)5.429 F .429(gument is)-.18 F F3(!)2.929 E F0 2.929 +(,t)C .429(he re-)-2.929 F 1.314(sult is the ne)180 216 R -.05(ga)-.15 G +1.314(tion of the three-ar).05 F 1.314(gument e)-.18 F 1.314 (xpression composed of the remaining ar)-.15 F(gu-)-.18 E 2.745 -(ments. the)180 643.2 R(tw)2.745 E(o-ar)-.1 E .245 +(ments. the)180 228 R(tw)2.745 E(o-ar)-.1 E .245 (gument test using the second and third ar)-.18 F 2.744(guments. If)-.18 -F .244(the \214rst ar)2.744 F(gument)-.18 E .309(is e)180 655.2 R -(xactly)-.15 E F1(\()2.809 E F0 .309(and the fourth ar)2.809 F .309 -(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(\))2.809 E F0 2.809(,t)C .31 +F .244(the \214rst ar)2.744 F(gument)-.18 E .309(is e)180 240 R(xactly) +-.15 E F3(\()2.809 E F0 .309(and the fourth ar)2.809 F .309(gument is e) +-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F3(\))2.809 E F0 2.809(,t)C .31 (he result is the tw)-2.809 F(o-ar)-.1 E .31(gument test of the)-.18 F -.184(second and third ar)180 667.2 R 2.684(guments. Otherwise,)-.18 F -.184(the e)2.684 F .183(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G -.183(luated according).25 F(to precedence using the rules listed abo)180 -679.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E 2.5(5o)144 691.2 S 2.5(rm)-2.5 G(ore ar) --2.5 E(guments)-.18 E 1.635(The e)180 703.2 R 1.635 -(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.635 -(luated according to precedence using the rules listed).25 F(abo)180 -715.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 January 17) -141.79 E(80)190.95 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 81 81 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(When used with)144 -84 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(test)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1([)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C -(he)-2.5 E F1(<)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F1(>)2.5 E F0(operators sort le)2.5 E -(xicographically using ASCII ordering.)-.15 E F1(times)108 100.8 Q F0 -1.229(Print the accumulated user and system times for the shell and for\ - processes run from the shell.)144 100.8 R(The return status is 0.)144 -112.8 Q F1(trap)108 129.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lp)A F0 2.5(][)C([)-2.5 E -/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(])A F2(sigspec)2.5 E F0(...]) -2.5 E .682(The command)144 141.6 R F2(ar)3.512 E(g)-.37 E F0 .682 -(is to be read and e)3.402 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .682 +.184(second and third ar)180 252 R 2.684(guments. Otherwise,)-.18 F .184 +(the e)2.684 F .183(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .183 +(luated according).25 F(to precedence using the rules listed abo)180 264 +Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E 2.5(5o)144 276 S 2.5(rm)-2.5 G(ore ar)-2.5 E +(guments)-.18 E 1.635(The e)180 288 R 1.635(xpression is parsed and e) +-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.635 +(luated according to precedence using the rules listed).25 F(abo)180 300 +Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E(When used with)144 318 Q F3(test)2.5 E F0(or) +2.5 E F3([)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(he)-2.5 E F3(<)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F3(>)2.5 +E F0(operators sort le)2.5 E(xicographically using ASCII ordering.)-.15 +E F3(times)108 334.8 Q F0 1.229(Print the accumulated user and system t\ +imes for the shell and for processes run from the shell.)144 334.8 R +(The return status is 0.)144 346.8 Q F3(trap)108 363.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F3 +(\255lp)A F0 2.5(][)C([)-2.5 E/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0 +(])A F4(sigspec)2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .682(The command)144 375.6 R F4(ar) +3.512 E(g)-.37 E F0 .682(is to be read and e)3.402 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .682 (cuted when the shell recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.183(ss).15 G -(ignal\(s\))-3.183 E F2(sigspec)3.523 E F0 5.683(.I).31 G(f)-5.683 E F2 +(ignal\(s\))-3.183 E F4(sigspec)3.523 E F0 5.683(.I).31 G(f)-5.683 E F4 (ar)3.513 E(g)-.37 E F0(is)3.403 E .609(absent \(and there is a single) -144 153.6 R F2(sigspec)3.108 E F0 3.108(\)o)C(r)-3.108 E F13.108 E +144 387.6 R F4(sigspec)3.108 E F0 3.108(\)o)C(r)-3.108 E F33.108 E F0 3.108(,e)C .608 (ach speci\214ed signal is reset to its original disposition)-3.108 F -.658(\(the v)144 165.6 R .658(alue it had upon entrance to the shell\).) --.25 F(If)5.658 E F2(ar)3.488 E(g)-.37 E F0 .659 -(is the null string the signal speci\214ed by each)3.378 F F2(sigspec) -144.34 177.6 Q F0 .581 +.658(\(the v)144 399.6 R .658(alue it had upon entrance to the shell\).) +-.25 F(If)5.658 E F4(ar)3.488 E(g)-.37 E F0 .659 +(is the null string the signal speci\214ed by each)3.378 F F4(sigspec) +144.34 411.6 Q F0 .581 (is ignored by the shell and by the commands it in)3.391 F -.2(vo)-.4 G --.1(ke).2 G 3.08(s. If).1 F F2(ar)3.41 E(g)-.37 E F0 .58 -(is not present and)3.3 F F13.08 E F0(has)3.08 E 1.214 -(been supplied, then the trap commands associated with each)144 189.6 R -F2(sigspec)4.054 E F0 1.215(are displayed.)4.024 F 1.215(If no ar)6.215 -F(gu-)-.18 E .86(ments are supplied or if only)144 201.6 R F13.36 -E F0 .86(is gi)3.36 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n,).15 E F1(trap)3.36 E F0 .86 +-.1(ke).2 G 3.08(s. If).1 F F4(ar)3.41 E(g)-.37 E F0 .58 +(is not present and)3.3 F F33.08 E F0(has)3.08 E 1.214 +(been supplied, then the trap commands associated with each)144 423.6 R +F4(sigspec)4.054 E F0 1.215(are displayed.)4.024 F 1.215(If no ar)6.215 +F(gu-)-.18 E .86(ments are supplied or if only)144 435.6 R F33.36 +E F0 .86(is gi)3.36 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n,).15 E F3(trap)3.36 E F0 .86 (prints the list of commands associated with each)3.36 F 2.83 -(signal. The)144 213.6 R F12.83 E F0 .33(option causes the shell \ +(signal. The)144 447.6 R F32.83 E F0 .33(option causes the shell \ to print a list of signal names and their corresponding num-)2.83 F -4.311(bers. Each)144 225.6 R F2(sigspec)4.651 E F0 1.811 -(is either a signal name de\214ned in <)4.621 F F2(signal.h)A F0 1.81 +4.311(bers. Each)144 459.6 R F4(sigspec)4.651 E F0 1.811 +(is either a signal name de\214ned in <)4.621 F F4(signal.h)A F0 1.81 (>, or a signal number)B 6.81(.S)-.55 G(ignal)-6.81 E -(names are case insensiti)144 237.6 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(nd the).15 E -/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIG)2.5 E F0(pre\214x is optional.)2.25 E .666 -(If a)144 255.6 R F2(sigspec)3.506 E F0(is)3.476 E F3(EXIT)3.166 E F0 -.666(\(0\) the command)2.916 F F2(ar)3.496 E(g)-.37 E F0 .666(is e)3.386 -F -.15(xe)-.15 G .666(cuted on e).15 F .667(xit from the shell.)-.15 F -.667(If a)5.667 F F2(sigspec)3.507 E F0(is)3.477 E F3(DE-)3.167 E -.09 -(BU)144 267.6 S(G).09 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 .484(the command) -2.734 F F2(ar)3.314 E(g)-.37 E F0 .484(is e)3.204 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .484 -(cuted before e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E F2 .483(simple command) -2.984 F F0(,)A F2(for)2.983 E F0(command,)2.983 E F2(case)2.983 E F0 -(command,)2.983 E F2(select)144 279.6 Q F0 .562(command, e)3.062 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G .563(ry arithmetic).15 F F2(for)3.063 E F0 .563 +(names are case insensiti)144 471.6 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(nd the).15 E +F1(SIG)2.5 E F0(pre\214x is optional.)2.25 E .666(If a)144 489.6 R F4 +(sigspec)3.506 E F0(is)3.476 E F1(EXIT)3.166 E F0 .666 +(\(0\) the command)2.916 F F4(ar)3.496 E(g)-.37 E F0 .666(is e)3.386 F +-.15(xe)-.15 G .666(cuted on e).15 F .667(xit from the shell.)-.15 F +.667(If a)5.667 F F4(sigspec)3.507 E F0(is)3.477 E F1(DE-)3.167 E -.09 +(BU)144 501.6 S(G).09 E F2(,)A F0 .484(the command)2.734 F F4(ar)3.314 E +(g)-.37 E F0 .484(is e)3.204 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .484(cuted before e).15 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E F4 .483(simple command)2.984 F F0(,)A F4(for) +2.983 E F0(command,)2.983 E F4(case)2.983 E F0(command,)2.983 E F4 +(select)144 513.6 Q F0 .562(command, e)3.062 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .563 +(ry arithmetic).15 F F4(for)3.063 E F0 .563 (command, and before the \214rst command e)3.063 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .563 -(cutes in a shell).15 F .623(function \(see)144 291.6 R F3 .622 +(cutes in a shell).15 F .623(function \(see)144 525.6 R F1 .622 (SHELL GRAMMAR)3.122 F F0(abo)2.872 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.122(\). Refer).15 -F .622(to the description of the)3.122 F F1(extdeb)3.122 E(ug)-.2 E F0 -.622(option to the)3.122 F F1(shopt)144 303.6 Q F0 -.2(bu)2.996 G .496 -(iltin for details of its ef).2 F .496(fect on the)-.25 F F1(DEB)2.996 E -(UG)-.1 E F0 2.996(trap. If)2.996 F(a)2.996 E F2(sigspec)3.336 E F0(is) -3.306 E F3(RETURN)2.996 E F4(,)A F0 .496(the command)2.746 F F2(ar) -144.33 315.6 Q(g)-.37 E F0 .18(is e)2.9 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .18 +F .622(to the description of the)3.122 F F3(extdeb)3.122 E(ug)-.2 E F0 +.622(option to the)3.122 F F3(shopt)144 537.6 Q F0 -.2(bu)2.996 G .496 +(iltin for details of its ef).2 F .496(fect on the)-.25 F F3(DEB)2.996 E +(UG)-.1 E F0 2.996(trap. If)2.996 F(a)2.996 E F4(sigspec)3.336 E F0(is) +3.306 E F1(RETURN)2.996 E F2(,)A F0 .496(the command)2.746 F F4(ar) +144.33 549.6 Q(g)-.37 E F0 .18(is e)2.9 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .18 (cuted each time a shell function or a script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .18 -(cuted with the).15 F F1(.)2.68 E F0(or)2.68 E F1(sour)2.68 E(ce)-.18 E -F0 -.2(bu)2.68 G .18(iltins \214nishes).2 F -.15(exe)144 327.6 S -(cuting.).15 E .96(If a)144 345.6 R F2(sigspec)3.8 E F0(is)3.77 E F3 -(ERR)3.46 E F4(,)A F0 .96(the command)3.21 F F2(ar)3.791 E(g)-.37 E F0 +(cuted with the).15 F F3(.)2.68 E F0(or)2.68 E F3(sour)2.68 E(ce)-.18 E +F0 -.2(bu)2.68 G .18(iltins \214nishes).2 F -.15(exe)144 561.6 S +(cuting.).15 E .96(If a)144 579.6 R F4(sigspec)3.8 E F0(is)3.77 E F1 +(ERR)3.46 E F2(,)A F0 .96(the command)3.21 F F4(ar)3.791 E(g)-.37 E F0 .961(is e)3.681 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .961(cuted whene).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.461(rap).15 G .961(ipeline \(which may consist of a)-3.461 F .185(sin\ gle simple command\), a list, or a compound command returns a non\255ze\ -ro e)144 357.6 R .184(xit status, subject to)-.15 F .451(the follo)144 -369.6 R .451(wing conditions.)-.25 F(The)5.451 E F3(ERR)2.951 E F0 .451 +ro e)144 591.6 R .184(xit status, subject to)-.15 F .451(the follo)144 +603.6 R .451(wing conditions.)-.25 F(The)5.451 E F1(ERR)2.951 E F0 .451 (trap is not e)2.701 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .451(cuted if the f).15 F .452 (ailed command is part of the com-)-.1 F .388 -(mand list immediately follo)144 381.6 R .388(wing a)-.25 F F1(while) -2.888 E F0(or)2.888 E F1(until)2.888 E F0 -.1(ke)2.888 G(yw)-.05 E .388 -(ord, part of the test in an)-.1 F F2(if)2.897 E F0 .387 -(statement, part)4.847 F .777(of a command e)144 393.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G -.778(cuted in a).15 F F1(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F1(||)3.278 E F0 .778 +(mand list immediately follo)144 615.6 R .388(wing a)-.25 F F3(while) +2.888 E F0(or)2.888 E F3(until)2.888 E F0 -.1(ke)2.888 G(yw)-.05 E .388 +(ord, part of the test in an)-.1 F F4(if)2.897 E F0 .387 +(statement, part)4.847 F .777(of a command e)144 627.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G +.778(cuted in a).15 F F3(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F3(||)3.278 E F0 .778 (list e)3.278 F .778(xcept the command follo)-.15 F .778 -(wing the \214nal)-.25 F F1(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F1(||)3.278 E F0 -3.278(,a)C -.15(ny)-3.278 G 1.28(command in a pipeline b)144 405.6 R +(wing the \214nal)-.25 F F3(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F3(||)3.278 E F0 +3.278(,a)C -.15(ny)-3.278 G 1.28(command in a pipeline b)144 639.6 R 1.28(ut the last, or if the command')-.2 F 3.78(sr)-.55 G 1.28(eturn v) -3.78 F 1.28(alue is being in)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.28(rted using).15 F -F1(!)3.78 E F0(.)A(These are the same conditions obe)144 417.6 Q -(yed by the)-.15 E F1(err)2.5 E(exit)-.18 E F0(\()2.5 E F1A F0 2.5 +F3(!)3.78 E F0(.)A(These are the same conditions obe)144 651.6 Q +(yed by the)-.15 E F3(err)2.5 E(exit)-.18 E F0(\()2.5 E F3A F0 2.5 (\)o)C(ption.)-2.5 E .132 (Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset.)144 -435.6 R -.35(Tr)5.133 G .133(apped signals that are not be-).35 F .117 -(ing ignored are reset to their original v)144 447.6 R .117 +669.6 R -.35(Tr)5.133 G .133(apped signals that are not be-).35 F .117 +(ing ignored are reset to their original v)144 681.6 R .117 (alues in a subshell or subshell en)-.25 F .117 -(vironment when one is cre-)-.4 F 2.5(ated. The)144 459.6 R -(return status is f)2.5 E(alse if an)-.1 E(y)-.15 E F2(sigspec)2.84 E F0 -(is in)2.81 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid; otherwise).25 E F1(trap)2.5 E F0 -(returns true.)2.5 E F1(type)108 476.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aftpP)A F0(]) -A F2(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(name)A F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 488.4 S -.173(th no options, indicate ho).4 F 2.673(we)-.25 G(ach)-2.673 E F2 -(name)3.033 E F0 -.1(wo)2.853 G .174 +(vironment when one is cre-)-.4 F 2.5(ated. The)144 693.6 R +(return status is f)2.5 E(alse if an)-.1 E(y)-.15 E F4(sigspec)2.84 E F0 +(is in)2.81 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid; otherwise).25 E F3(trap)2.5 E F0 +(returns true.)2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(81) +188.45 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 82 82 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF(type)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aftpP)A F0(])A/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 +SF(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(name)A F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 96 S .173 +(th no options, indicate ho).4 F 2.673(we)-.25 G(ach)-2.673 E F2(name) +3.033 E F0 -.1(wo)2.853 G .174 (uld be interpreted if used as a command name.).1 F .174(If the)5.174 F -F1144 500.4 Q F0 .715(option is used,)3.215 F F1(type)3.215 E F0 +F1144 108 Q F0 .715(option is used,)3.215 F F1(type)3.215 E F0 .715(prints a string which is one of)3.215 F F2(alias)3.545 E F0(,).27 E F2 -.1(ke)3.215 G(ywor)-.2 E(d)-.37 E F0(,).77 E F2(function)5.185 E F0 (,).24 E F2 -.2(bu)3.215 G(iltin).2 E F0 3.215(,o).24 G(r)-3.215 E F2 -(\214le)5.125 E F0(if)3.395 E F2(name)144.36 512.4 Q F0 .086 +(\214le)5.125 E F0(if)3.395 E F2(name)144.36 120 Q F0 .086 (is an alias, shell reserv)2.766 F .086(ed w)-.15 F .086 (ord, function, b)-.1 F .087(uiltin, or disk \214le, respecti)-.2 F -.15 (ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.087(.I)-.65 G 2.587(ft)-5.087 G(he)-2.587 E F2 (name)2.947 E F0 .087(is not)2.767 F .119 -(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 524.4 R .118 +(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 132 R .118 (xit status of f)-.15 F .118(alse is returned.)-.1 F .118(If the)5.118 F F12.618 E F0 .118(option is used,)2.618 F F1(type)2.618 E F0 .855 -(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 536.4 R .855 +(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 144 R .855 (ould be e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .855(cuted if).15 F F2(name)3.715 E F0 .855(were speci\214ed as a com-)3.535 F .529(mand name, or nothing if) -144 548.4 R/F5 10/Courier@0 SF .528(type -t name)3.028 F F0 -.1(wo)3.028 -G .528(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)4.938 E F0 5.528(.T).18 G(he)-5.528 -E F13.028 E F0 .528(option forces a)3.028 F F3 -.666(PA)3.028 G -(TH)-.189 E F0 .006(search for each)144 560.4 R F2(name)2.506 E F0 2.506 -(,e)C -.15(ve)-2.756 G 2.506(ni).15 G(f)-2.506 E F5 .007(type -t name) -2.506 F F0 -.1(wo)2.507 G .007(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)4.417 E F0 -5.007(.I).18 G 2.507(fac)-5.007 G .007(ommand is hashed,)-2.507 F F1 -2.507 E F0(and)144 572.4 Q F13.231 E F0 .731 -(print the hashed v)3.231 F .73 +144 156 R/F3 10/Courier@0 SF .528(type -t name)3.028 F F0 -.1(wo)3.028 G +.528(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)4.938 E F0 5.528(.T).18 G(he)-5.528 E +F13.028 E F0 .528(option forces a)3.028 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF +-.666(PA)3.028 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .006(search for each)144 168 R F2(name) +2.506 E F0 2.506(,e)C -.15(ve)-2.756 G 2.506(ni).15 G(f)-2.506 E F3 .007 +(type -t name)2.506 F F0 -.1(wo)2.507 G .007(uld not return).1 F F2 +(\214le)4.417 E F0 5.007(.I).18 G 2.507(fac)-5.007 G .007 +(ommand is hashed,)-2.507 F F12.507 E F0(and)144 180 Q F1 +3.231 E F0 .731(print the hashed v)3.231 F .73 (alue, which is not necessarily the \214le that appears \214rst in)-.25 -F F3 -.666(PA)3.23 G(TH)-.189 E F4(.)A F0 .73(If the)5.23 F F1144 -584.4 Q F0 .823(option is used,)3.323 F F1(type)3.323 E F0 .824 -(prints all of the places that contain an e)3.323 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .824 -(cutable named).15 F F2(name)3.684 E F0 5.824(.T).18 G .824(his in-) --5.824 F 1.176(cludes aliases and functions, if and only if the)144 -596.4 R F13.676 E F0 1.176(option is not also used.)3.676 F 1.176 +F F4 -.666(PA)3.23 G(TH)-.189 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .73(If the) +5.23 F F1144 192 Q F0 .823(option is used,)3.323 F F1(type)3.323 E +F0 .824(prints all of the places that contain an e)3.323 F -.15(xe)-.15 +G .824(cutable named).15 F F2(name)3.684 E F0 5.824(.T).18 G .824 +(his in-)-5.824 F 1.176 +(cludes aliases and functions, if and only if the)144 204 R F1 +3.676 E F0 1.176(option is not also used.)3.676 F 1.176 (The table of hashed)6.176 F 1.223(commands is not consulted when using) -144 608.4 R F13.723 E F0 6.223(.T)C(he)-6.223 E F13.723 E F0 +144 216 R F13.723 E F0 6.223(.T)C(he)-6.223 E F13.723 E F0 1.223(option suppresses shell function lookup, as)3.723 F .326(with the) -144 620.4 R F1(command)2.826 E F0 -.2(bu)2.826 G(iltin.).2 E F1(type) -5.326 E F0 .326(returns true if all of the ar)2.826 F .325 +144 228 R F1(command)2.826 E F0 -.2(bu)2.826 G(iltin.).2 E F1(type)5.326 +E F0 .326(returns true if all of the ar)2.826 F .325 (guments are found, f)-.18 F .325(alse if an)-.1 F 2.825(ya)-.15 G .325 -(re not)-2.825 F(found.)144 632.4 Q F1(ulimit)108 649.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 -(\255HS)A F0(])A F12.5 E(ulimit)108 661.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255HS)A +(re not)-2.825 F(found.)144 240 Q F1(ulimit)108 256.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 +(\255HS)A F0(])A F12.5 E(ulimit)108 268.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255HS)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255bcde\214klmnpqrstuvxPR)-2.5 E(T)-.4 E F0([)2.5 E F2 -(limit)A F0(]])A(Pro)144 673.2 Q .243(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve) +(limit)A F0(]])A(Pro)144 280.8 Q .243(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve) -.15 G 2.743(rt).15 G .243(he resources a)-2.743 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244 (ilable to the shell and to processes started by it, on systems).25 F -.944(that allo)144 685.2 R 3.444(ws)-.25 G .944(uch control.)-3.444 F +.944(that allo)144 292.8 R 3.444(ws)-.25 G .944(uch control.)-3.444 F (The)5.944 E F13.444 E F0(and)3.444 E F13.444 E F0 .943 (options specify that the hard or soft limit is set for the)3.444 F(gi) -144 697.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.708(nr).15 G 2.708(esource. A)-2.708 F .208 +144 304.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.708(nr).15 G 2.708(esource. A)-2.708 F .208 (hard limit cannot be increased by a non-root user once it is set; a so\ -ft limit may)2.708 F .426(be increased up to the v)144 709.2 R .426 +ft limit may)2.708 F .426(be increased up to the v)144 316.8 R .426 (alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .425(If neither)5.426 F F12.925 E F0(nor)2.925 E F12.925 E F0 .425 (is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.925 F .139(hard limits are set.)144 -721.2 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F2(limit)2.729 E F0 .139 +328.8 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F2(limit)2.729 E F0 .139 (can be a number in the unit speci\214ed for the resource or one)3.319 F -(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 January 17)141.79 E(81)190.95 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 82 82 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .742 -(of the special v)144 84 R(alues)-.25 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(hard)3.242 -E F0(,)A F1(soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F1(unlimited)3.241 E -F0 3.241(,w)C .741(hich stand for the current hard limit, the current) --3.241 F .023(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 96 R -.15(ve)-.25 G -(ly).15 E 5.023(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.023 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(limit)2.613 -E F0 .023(is omitted, the current v)3.203 F .023 +.742(of the special v)144 340.8 R(alues)-.25 E F1(hard)3.242 E F0(,)A F1 +(soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F1(unlimited)3.241 E F0 3.241(,w) +C .741(hich stand for the current hard limit, the current)-3.241 F .023 +(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 352.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E +5.023(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.023 E F2(limit)2.613 E F0 .023 +(is omitted, the current v)3.203 F .023 (alue of the soft limit of the re-)-.25 F .985 -(source is printed, unless the)144 108 R F13.485 E F0 .984 +(source is printed, unless the)144 364.8 R F13.485 E F0 .984 (option is gi)3.485 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.484(n. When).15 F .984 (more than one resource is speci\214ed, the)3.484 F .7 -(limit name and unit, if appropriate, are printed before the v)144 120 R -3.2(alue. Other)-.25 F .7(options are interpreted as)3.2 F(follo)144 132 -Q(ws:)-.25 E F1144 144 Q F0 -(All current limits are reported; no limits are set)180 144 Q F1 -144 156 Q F0(The maximum sock)180 156 Q(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E(fer size) --.25 E F1144 168 Q F0(The maximum size of core \214les created)180 -168 Q F1144 180 Q F0(The maximum size of a process')180 180 Q 2.5 -(sd)-.55 G(ata se)-2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F1144 192 Q F0 -(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))180 192 Q F1144 204 Q -F0(The maximum size of \214les written by the shell and its children)180 -204 Q F1144 216 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)180 216 -Q F1144 228 Q F0 -(The maximum number of kqueues that may be allocated)180 228 Q F1 -144 240 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)180 240 Q(ed into memory) --.1 E F1144 252 Q F0(The maximum resident set size \(man)180 252 Q -2.5(ys)-.15 G(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F1144 264 Q -F0 .791(The maximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do\ - not allo)180 264 R 3.29(wt)-.25 G .79(his v)-3.29 F .79(alue to)-.25 F -(be set\))180 276 Q F1144 288 Q F0 -(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))180 288 Q F1 -144 300 Q F0(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues) -180 300 Q F1144 312 Q F0 -(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)180 312 Q F1144 324 Q -F0(The maximum stack size)180 324 Q F1144 336 Q F0 -(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)180 336 Q F1144 348 Q -F0(The maximum number of processes a)180 348 Q -.25(va)-.2 G -(ilable to a single user).25 E F1144 360 Q F0 .47 -(The maximum amount of virtual memory a)180 360 R -.25(va)-.2 G .47 -(ilable to the shell and, on some systems, to).25 F(its children)180 372 -Q F1144 384 Q F0(The maximum number of \214le locks)180 384 Q F1 -144 396 Q F0(The maximum number of pseudoterminals)180 396 Q F1 -144 408 Q F0(The maximum time a real-time process can run before \ -blocking, in microseconds)180 408 Q F1144 420 Q F0 -(The maximum number of threads)180 420 Q(If)144 436.8 Q F2(limit)3.058 E -F0 .468(is gi)3.648 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .468(n, and the).15 F F12.968 -E F0 .468(option is not used,)2.968 F F2(limit)2.968 E F0 .468 +(limit name and unit, if appropriate, are printed before the v)144 376.8 +R 3.2(alue. Other)-.25 F .7(options are interpreted as)3.2 F(follo)144 +388.8 Q(ws:)-.25 E F1144 400.8 Q F0 +(All current limits are reported; no limits are set)180 400.8 Q F1 +144 412.8 Q F0(The maximum sock)180 412.8 Q(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E +(fer size)-.25 E F1144 424.8 Q F0 +(The maximum size of core \214les created)180 424.8 Q F1144 436.8 +Q F0(The maximum size of a process')180 436.8 Q 2.5(sd)-.55 G(ata se) +-2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F1144 448.8 Q F0 +(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))180 448.8 Q F1144 +460.8 Q F0 +(The maximum size of \214les written by the shell and its children)180 +460.8 Q F1144 472.8 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)180 +472.8 Q F1144 484.8 Q F0 +(The maximum number of kqueues that may be allocated)180 484.8 Q F1 +144 496.8 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)180 496.8 Q +(ed into memory)-.1 E F1144 508.8 Q F0 +(The maximum resident set size \(man)180 508.8 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G +(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F1144 520.8 Q F0 .791(Th\ +e maximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do not allo) +180 520.8 R 3.29(wt)-.25 G .79(his v)-3.29 F .79(alue to)-.25 F +(be set\))180 532.8 Q F1144 544.8 Q F0 +(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))180 544.8 Q F1 +144 556.8 Q F0 +(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)180 556.8 Q F1 +144 568.8 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)180 568.8 +Q F1144 580.8 Q F0(The maximum stack size)180 580.8 Q F1144 +592.8 Q F0(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)180 592.8 Q F1 +144 604.8 Q F0(The maximum number of processes a)180 604.8 Q -.25 +(va)-.2 G(ilable to a single user).25 E F1144 616.8 Q F0 .47 +(The maximum amount of virtual memory a)180 616.8 R -.25(va)-.2 G .47 +(ilable to the shell and, on some systems, to).25 F(its children)180 +628.8 Q F1144 640.8 Q F0(The maximum number of \214le locks)180 +640.8 Q F1144 652.8 Q F0(The maximum number of pseudoterminals)180 +652.8 Q F1144 664.8 Q F0(The maximum time a real-time process can\ + run before blocking, in microseconds)180 664.8 Q F1144 676.8 Q F0 +(The maximum number of threads)180 676.8 Q(If)144 693.6 Q F2(limit)3.058 +E F0 .468(is gi)3.648 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .468(n, and the).15 F F1 +2.968 E F0 .468(option is not used,)2.968 F F2(limit)2.968 E F0 .468 (is the ne)2.968 F 2.968(wv)-.25 G .468 (alue of the speci\214ed resource.)-3.218 F(If)5.468 E .044 -(no option is gi)144 448.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .044(n, then).15 F F1 +(no option is gi)144 705.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .044(n, then).15 F F1 2.544 E F0 .045(is assumed.)2.545 F -1.11(Va)5.045 G .045 (lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .045(xcept for)-.15 F F1 2.545 E F0 2.545(,w)C .045(hich is)-2.545 F .67(in seconds;)144 -460.8 R F13.17 E F0 3.17(,w)C .67(hich is in microseconds;)-3.17 F +717.6 R F13.17 E F0 3.17(,w)C .67(hich is in microseconds;)-3.17 F F13.17 E F0 3.17(,w)C .67(hich is in units of 512-byte blocks;) -3.17 F F13.17 E F0(,)A F13.17 E F0(,)A F13.17 E F0(,) -A F1144 472.8 Q F0(,)A F13.736 E F0 3.736(,a)C(nd)-3.736 E +A F1144 729.6 Q F0(,)A F13.736 E F0 3.736(,a)C(nd)-3.736 E F13.736 E F0 3.736(,w)C 1.236(hich are unscaled v)-3.736 F 1.236 (alues; and, when in posix mode,)-.25 F F13.736 E F0(and)3.736 E -F13.736 E F0 3.736(,w)C 1.237(hich are in)-3.736 F .239 -(512-byte increments.)144 484.8 R .238 -(The return status is 0 unless an in)5.239 F -.25(va)-.4 G .238 -(lid option or ar).25 F .238(gument is supplied, or an)-.18 F -(error occurs while setting a ne)144 496.8 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(imit.)-2.5 E -F1(umask)108 513.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F0 -2.5(][)C F2(mode)-2.5 E F0(])A .18 -(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 525.6 R F2(mode)3.06 E F0 +F13.736 E F0 3.736(,w)C 1.237(hich are in)-3.736 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 +768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(82)188.45 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 83 83 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .239 +(512-byte increments.)144 84 R .238(The return status is 0 unless an in) +5.239 F -.25(va)-.4 G .238(lid option or ar).25 F .238 +(gument is supplied, or an)-.18 F(error occurs while setting a ne)144 96 +Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(imit.)-2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(umask)108 112.8 Q F0 +([)2.5 E F1A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(mode)-2.5 E F0(])A .18 +(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 124.8 R F2(mode)3.06 E F0 5.18(.I).18 G(f)-5.18 E F2(mode)3.06 E F0(be)2.86 E .18 (gins with a digit, it is interpreted as an octal)-.15 F .066(number; o\ therwise it is interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that acce\ -pted by)144 537.6 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144 -549.6 Q F2(mode)3.262 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.062 F .382 +pted by)144 136.8 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144 +148.8 Q F2(mode)3.262 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.062 F .382 (alue of the mask is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.382 E F12.882 E F0 .382 (option causes the mask to be)2.882 F .547 -(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 561.6 R .547 +(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 160.8 R .547 (ault output is an octal number)-.1 F 5.547(.I)-.55 G 3.047(ft)-5.547 G (he)-3.047 E F13.047 E F0 .547(option is supplied, and)3.047 F F2 -(mode)144.38 573.6 Q F0 .551 +(mode)144.38 172.8 Q F0 .551 (is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.)3.231 -F .552(The return status is 0 if the)5.552 F(mode w)144 585.6 Q +F .552(The return status is 0 if the)5.552 F(mode w)144 184.8 Q (as successfully changed or if no)-.1 E F2(mode)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E (gument w)-.18 E(as supplied, and f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F1 -(unalias)108 602.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0 -(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 614.4 Q 1.058 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(name) +(unalias)108 201.6 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0 +(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 213.6 Q 1.058 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(name) 3.258 E F0 .758(from the list of de\214ned aliases.)3.258 F(If)5.758 E F13.258 E F0 .757(is supplied, all alias de\214nitions are re-) -3.258 F(mo)144 626.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E +3.258 F(mo)144 225.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E (alue is true unless a supplied)-.25 E F2(name)2.86 E F0 -(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F1(unset)108 643.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1 +(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F1(unset)108 242.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1 (fv)A F0 2.5(][)C-2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...]) -2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 655.2 S 3.803(re).15 G(ach)-3.803 E F2(name)4.163 E F0 +2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 254.4 S 3.803(re).15 G(ach)-3.803 E F2(name)4.163 E F0 3.803(,r).18 G(emo)-3.803 E 1.603 -.15(ve t)-.15 H 1.303 (he corresponding v).15 F 1.303(ariable or function.)-.25 F 1.303 (If the)6.303 F F13.804 E F0 1.304(option is gi)3.804 F -.15(ve) --.25 G 1.304(n, each).15 F F2(name)144.36 667.2 Q F0 .465 +-.25 G 1.304(n, each).15 F F2(name)144.36 266.4 Q F0 .465 (refers to a shell v)3.145 F .464(ariable, and that v)-.25 F .464 (ariable is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.964(d. Read-only).15 F -.25(va) -2.964 G .464(riables may not be un-).25 F 2.768(set. If)144 679.2 R F1 +2.964 G .464(riables may not be un-).25 F 2.768(set. If)144 278.4 R F1 2.768 E F0 .269(is speci\214ed, each)2.768 F F2(name)3.129 E F0 .269(refers to a shell function, and the function de\214nition is remo) -2.949 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E .404(If the)144 691.2 R F12.904 E +2.949 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E .404(If the)144 290.4 R F12.904 E F0 .404(option is supplied, and)2.904 F F2(name)2.904 E F0 .404(is a v) 2.904 F .404(ariable with the)-.25 F F2(namer)2.904 E(ef)-.37 E F0 (attrib)2.904 E(ute,)-.2 E F2(name)2.904 E F0 .403(will be unset)2.904 F -.719(rather than the v)144 703.2 R .719(ariable it references.)-.25 F F1 +.719(rather than the v)144 302.4 R .719(ariable it references.)-.25 F F1 5.719 E F0 .719(has no ef)3.219 F .719(fect if the)-.25 F F1 3.22 E F0 .72(option is supplied.)3.22 F .72(If no options)5.72 F .737 -(are supplied, each)144 715.2 R F2(name)3.237 E F0 .737(refers to a v) +(are supplied, each)144 314.4 R F2(name)3.237 E F0 .737(refers to a v) 3.237 F .737(ariable; if there is no v)-.25 F .736 (ariable by that name, a function with)-.25 F 1.761(that name, if an)144 -727.2 R 3.061 -.65(y, i)-.15 H 4.261(su).65 G 4.261(nset. Each)-4.261 F +326.4 R 3.061 -.65(y, i)-.15 H 4.261(su).65 G 4.261(nset. Each)-4.261 F 1.761(unset v)4.261 F 1.761(ariable or function is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve) --.15 G 4.262(df).15 G 1.762(rom the en)-4.262 F(vironment)-.4 E -(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 January 17)141.79 E(82)190.95 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 83 83 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 3.172 -(passed to subsequent commands.)144 84 R 3.172(If an)8.172 F 5.672(yo) --.15 G(f)-5.672 E/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.27(BA)5.672 G(SH_ALIASES).27 E -/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F1 -.27(BA)5.421 G(SH_ARGV0).27 E F2(,)A F1 --.27(BA)5.421 G(SH_CMDS).27 E F2(,)A F1 -.27(BA)144 96 S(SH_COMMAND).27 -E F2(,)A F1 -.27(BA)11.481 G(SH_SUBSHELL).27 E F2(,)A F1 -.27(BA)11.482 -G(SHPID).27 E F2(,)A F1(COMP_W)11.482 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09 E F2(,)A F1 -(DIRST)11.482 E -.495(AC)-.81 G(K).495 E F2(,)A F1(EPOCHREAL)144 108 Q -(TIME)-.828 E F2(,)A F1(EPOCHSECONDS)2.67 E F2(,)A F1(FUNCN)2.67 E(AME) --.18 E F2(,)A F1(GR)2.67 E(OUPS)-.27 E F2(,)A F1(HISTCMD)2.67 E F2(,)A -F1(LINENO)2.67 E F2(,)A F1(RANDOM)2.67 E F2(,)A F1(SECONDS)144 120 Q F2 -(,)A F0(or)4.029 E F1(SRANDOM)4.279 E F0 1.779(are unset, the)4.029 F -4.279(yl)-.15 G 1.779(ose their special properties, e)-4.279 F -.15(ve) --.25 G 4.279(ni).15 G 4.28(ft)-4.279 G(he)-4.28 E 4.28(ya)-.15 G 1.78 -(re subse-)-4.28 F(quently reset.)144 132 Q(The e)5 E -(xit status is true unless a)-.15 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)2.86 E -F0(is readonly or may not be unset.)2.68 E/F4 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(wait) -108 148.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F4(\255fn)A F0 2.5(][)C F4-2.5 E F3 -(varname)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F3(id ...)-2.5 E F0(])A -.8(Wa)144 160.8 S -.659(it for each speci\214ed child process and return its termination s\ -tatus.).8 F(Each)5.659 E F3(id)3.169 E F0 .658(may be a process)3.928 F -.008(ID or a job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 172.8 R -.15 -(ve)-.25 G .009(n, all processes in that job').15 F 2.509(sp)-.55 G .009 +-.15 G 4.262(df).15 G 1.762(rom the en)-4.262 F(vironment)-.4 E 3.172 +(passed to subsequent commands.)144 338.4 R 3.172(If an)8.172 F 5.672 +(yo)-.15 G(f)-5.672 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.27(BA)5.672 G(SH_ALIASES) +.27 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3 -.27(BA)5.421 G(SH_ARGV0).27 E F4(,)A +F3 -.27(BA)5.421 G(SH_CMDS).27 E F4(,)A F3 -.27(BA)144 350.4 S +(SH_COMMAND).27 E F4(,)A F3 -.27(BA)11.481 G(SH_SUBSHELL).27 E F4(,)A F3 +-.27(BA)11.482 G(SHPID).27 E F4(,)A F3(COMP_W)11.482 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09 E +F4(,)A F3(DIRST)11.482 E -.495(AC)-.81 G(K).495 E F4(,)A F3(EPOCHREAL) +144 362.4 Q(TIME)-.828 E F4(,)A F3(EPOCHSECONDS)2.67 E F4(,)A F3(FUNCN) +2.67 E(AME)-.18 E F4(,)A F3(GR)2.67 E(OUPS)-.27 E F4(,)A F3(HISTCMD)2.67 +E F4(,)A F3(LINENO)2.67 E F4(,)A F3(RANDOM)2.67 E F4(,)A F3(SECONDS)144 +374.4 Q F4(,)A F0(or)4.029 E F3(SRANDOM)4.279 E F0 1.779(are unset, the) +4.029 F 4.279(yl)-.15 G 1.779(ose their special properties, e)-4.279 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G 4.279(ni).15 G 4.28(ft)-4.279 G(he)-4.28 E 4.28(ya)-.15 G +1.78(re subse-)-4.28 F(quently reset.)144 386.4 Q(The e)5 E +(xit status is true unless a)-.15 E F2(name)2.86 E F0 +(is readonly or may not be unset.)2.68 E F1(wait)108 403.2 Q F0([)2.5 E +F1(\255fn)A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(varname)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2 +(id ...)-2.5 E F0(])A -.8(Wa)144 415.2 S .659(it for each speci\214ed c\ +hild process and return its termination status.).8 F(Each)5.659 E F2(id) +3.169 E F0 .658(may be a process)3.928 F .008 +(ID or a job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 427.2 R -.15(ve) +-.25 G .009(n, all processes in that job').15 F 2.509(sp)-.55 G .009 (ipeline are w)-2.509 F .009(aited for)-.1 F 5.009(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.009 E -F3(id)144.01 184.8 Q F0 .442(is not gi)3.712 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n,).15 E -F4(wait)2.942 E F0 -.1(wa)2.942 G .441 +F2(id)144.01 439.2 Q F0 .442(is not gi)3.712 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n,).15 E +F1(wait)2.942 E F0 -.1(wa)2.942 G .441 (its for all running background jobs and the last-e).1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .441(cuted process substitu-).15 F .597 -(tion, if its process id is the same as)144 196.8 R F4($!)3.098 E F0 +(tion, if its process id is the same as)144 451.2 R F1($!)3.098 E F0 3.098(,a)C .598(nd the return status is zero.)-3.098 F .598(If the)5.598 -F F43.098 E F0 .598(option is supplied,)3.098 F F4(wait)144 208.8 -Q F0 -.1(wa)3.083 G .583(its for a single job from the list of).1 F F3 +F F13.098 E F0 .598(option is supplied,)3.098 F F1(wait)144 463.2 +Q F0 -.1(wa)3.083 G .583(its for a single job from the list of).1 F F2 (id)3.083 E F0 3.083(so)C 1.383 -.4(r, i)-3.083 H 3.083(fn).4 G(o)-3.083 -E F3(id)3.083 E F0 3.083(sa)C .583(re supplied, an)-3.083 F 3.083(yj) --.15 G .582(ob, to complete and)-3.083 F .403(returns its e)144 220.8 R +E F2(id)3.083 E F0 3.083(sa)C .583(re supplied, an)-3.083 F 3.083(yj) +-.15 G .582(ob, to complete and)-3.083 F .403(returns its e)144 475.2 R .403(xit status.)-.15 F .403(If none of the supplied ar)5.403 F .403 (guments is a child of the shell, or if no ar)-.18 F(guments)-.18 E .573 -(are supplied and the shell has no unw)144 232.8 R .573 +(are supplied and the shell has no unw)144 487.2 R .573 (aited-for children, the e)-.1 F .573(xit status is 127.)-.15 F .572 -(If the)5.573 F F43.072 E F0 .572(option is)3.072 F .39 +(If the)5.573 F F13.072 E F0 .572(option is)3.072 F .39 (supplied, the process or job identi\214er of the job for which the e) -144 244.8 R .39(xit status is returned is assigned to)-.15 F .905(the v) -144 256.8 R(ariable)-.25 E F3(varname)3.405 E F0 .905 +144 499.2 R .39(xit status is returned is assigned to)-.15 F .905(the v) +144 511.2 R(ariable)-.25 E F2(varname)3.405 E F0 .905 (named by the option ar)3.405 F 3.405(gument. 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This)-3.89 F 1.39 +(is useful only when the)3.89 F F13.89 E F0 1.39 +(option is supplied.)3.89 F 1.39(Supplying the)6.39 F F13.89 E F0 +(option,)3.89 E .575(when job control is enabled, forces)144 535.2 R F1 +(wait)3.075 E F0 .575(to w)3.075 F .575(ait for)-.1 F F2(id)3.075 E F0 .574(to terminate before returning its status, in-)3.075 F .635 -(stead of returning when it changes status.)144 292.8 R(If)5.635 E F3 +(stead of returning when it changes status.)144 547.2 R(If)5.635 E F2 (id)3.145 E F0 .635(speci\214es a non-e)3.905 F .635 -(xistent process or job, the return)-.15 F(status is 127.)144 304.8 Q +(xistent process or job, the return)-.15 F(status is 127.)144 559.2 Q (Otherwise, the return status is the e)5 E (xit status of the last process or job w)-.15 E(aited for)-.1 E(.)-.55 E -/F5 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL COMP)72 321.6 Q -1.04(AT)-.81 G -(IBILITY MODE)1.04 E F0 .912 -(Bash-4.0 introduced the concept of a `shell compatibility le)108 333.6 -R -.15(ve)-.25 G .912(l', speci\214ed as a set of options to the shopt) -.15 F -.2(bu)108 345.6 S(iltin).2 E F4(compat31)3.377 E F0(,)A F4 -(compat32)3.377 E F0(,)A F4(compat40)3.377 E F0(,)A F4(compat41)3.377 E -F0 3.378(,a)C .878(nd so on\).)-3.378 F .878 -(There is only one current compatibility)5.878 F(le)108 357.6 Q -.15(ve) --.25 G 3.254(l-).15 G 3.254(-e)-3.254 G .754(ach option is mutually e) --3.254 F(xclusi)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.754(.T).15 G .754 -(he compatibility le)-5.754 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.253(li).15 G 3.253(si) --3.253 G .753(ntended to allo)-3.253 F 3.253(wu)-.25 G .753 -(sers to select be-)-3.253 F(ha)108 369.6 Q 1.083(vior from pre)-.2 F +/F5 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL COMP)72 576 Q -1.04(AT)-.81 G +(IBILITY MODE)1.04 E F0 1.355(Bash-4.0 introduced the concept of a)108 +588 R F2 1.355(shell compatibility le)3.855 F(vel)-.15 E F0 3.855(,s)C +1.354(peci\214ed as a set of options to the shopt)-3.855 F -.2(bu)108 +600 S .398(iltin \().2 F F1(compat31)2.898 E F0(,)A F1(compat32)2.898 E +F0(,)A F1(compat40)2.898 E F0(,)A F1(compat41)2.898 E F0 2.898(,a)C .399 +(nd so on\).)-2.898 F .399(There is only one current compatibility)5.399 +F(le)108 612 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.254(l-).15 G 3.254(-e)-3.254 G .754 +(ach option is mutually e)-3.254 F(xclusi)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.754 +(.T).15 G .754(he compatibility le)-5.754 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.253(li).15 +G 3.253(si)-3.253 G .753(ntended to allo)-3.253 F 3.253(wu)-.25 G .753 +(sers to select be-)-3.253 F(ha)108 624 Q 1.083(vior from pre)-.2 F 1.083(vious v)-.25 F 1.083(ersions that is incompatible with ne)-.15 F 1.083(wer v)-.25 F 1.083(ersions while the)-.15 F 3.584(ym)-.15 G 1.084 -(igrate scripts to use)-3.584 F(current features and beha)108 381.6 Q +(igrate scripts to use)-3.584 F(current features and beha)108 636 Q (vior)-.2 E 2.5(.I)-.55 G(t')-2.5 E 2.5(si)-.55 G (ntended to be a temporary solution.)-2.5 E 1.457 -(This section does not mention beha)108 398.4 R 1.457 +(This section does not mention beha)108 652.8 R 1.457 (vior that is standard for a particular v)-.2 F 1.456 -(ersion \(e.g., setting)-.15 F F4(compat32)3.956 E F0 .886 -(means that quoting the rhs of the re)108 410.4 R(ge)-.15 E .886 +(ersion \(e.g., setting)-.15 F F1(compat32)3.956 E F0 .886 +(means that quoting the rhs of the re)108 664.8 R(ge)-.15 E .886 (xp matching operator quotes special re)-.15 F(ge)-.15 E .887 -(xp characters in the w)-.15 F(ord,)-.1 E(which is def)108 422.4 Q +(xp characters in the w)-.15 F(ord,)-.1 E(which is def)108 676.8 Q (ault beha)-.1 E(vior in bash-3.2 and abo)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E -.523(If a user enables, say)108 439.2 R(,)-.65 E F4(compat32)3.023 E F0 +.523(If a user enables, say)108 693.6 R(,)-.65 E F1(compat32)3.023 E F0 3.023(,i)C 3.023(tm)-3.023 G .523(ay af)-3.023 F .523(fect the beha)-.25 F .523(vior of other compatibility le)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .522 (ls up to and includ-).15 F .259(ing the current compatibility le)108 -451.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.759(l. The).15 F .259 +705.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.759(l. The).15 F .259 (idea is that each compatibility le)2.759 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.76(lc).15 G .26(ontrols beha)-2.76 F .26(vior that changed)-.2 F 1.646(in that v)108 -463.2 R 1.646(ersion of)-.15 F F4(bash)4.146 E F0 4.146(,b)C 1.646 +717.6 R 1.646(ersion of)-.15 F F1(bash)4.146 E F0 4.146(,b)C 1.646 (ut that beha)-4.346 F 1.646(vior may ha)-.2 F 1.946 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.646(een present in earlier v).15 F 4.146(ersions. F)-.15 F 1.645 (or instance, the)-.15 F .76 -(change to use locale-based comparisons with the)108 475.2 R F4([[)3.261 +(change to use locale-based comparisons with the)108 729.6 R F1([[)3.261 E F0 .761(command came in bash-4.1, and earlier v)3.261 F .761 -(ersions used)-.15 F 1.905(ASCII-based comparisons, so enabling)108 -487.2 R F4(compat32)4.405 E F0 1.904 -(will enable ASCII-based comparisons as well.)4.405 F(That)6.904 E .295 -(granularity may not be suf)108 499.2 R .296 +(ersions used)-.15 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 February 10)139.29 E(83) +188.45 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 84 84 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 1.905 +(ASCII-based comparisons, so enabling)108 84 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF +(compat32)4.405 E F0 1.904(will enable ASCII-based comparisons as well.) +4.405 F(That)6.904 E .295(granularity may not be suf)108 96 R .296 (\214cient for all uses, and as a result users should emplo)-.25 F 2.796 (yc)-.1 G .296(ompatibility le)-2.796 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .296(ls care-).15 -F(fully)108 511.2 Q 5(.R)-.65 G(ead the documentation for a particular \ -feature to \214nd out the current beha)-5 E(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E .532 -(Bash-4.3 introduced a ne)108 528 R 3.032(ws)-.25 G .531(hell v)-3.032 F -(ariable:)-.25 E F1 -.27(BA)3.031 G(SH_COMP).27 E -.855(AT)-.666 G F2(.) -.855 E F0 .531(The v)5.031 F .531(alue assigned to this v)-.25 F .531 -(ariable \(a decimal)-.25 F -.15(ve)108 540 S .107(rsion number lik).15 -F 2.607(e4)-.1 G .107(.2, or an inte)-2.607 F .107 -(ger corresponding to the)-.15 F F4(compat)2.608 E F3(NN)A F0 .108 -(option, lik)2.608 F 2.608(e4)-.1 G .108(2\) determines the com-)-2.608 -F(patibility le)108 552 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(l.).15 E .388 -(Starting with bash-4.4, Bash has be)108 568.8 R .388 -(gun deprecating older compatibility le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.887 -(ls. Ev).15 F(entually)-.15 E 2.887(,t)-.65 G .387(he options will) --2.887 F(be remo)108 580.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(di).15 G 2.5(nf)-2.5 G --.2(avo)-2.6 G 2.5(ro).2 G(f)-2.5 E F1 -.27(BA)2.5 G(SH_COMP).27 E -.855 -(AT)-.666 G F2(.).855 E F0 1.163(Bash-5.0 is the \214nal v)108 597.6 R -1.163(ersion for which there will be an indi)-.15 F 1.164 +F(fully)108 108 Q 5(.R)-.65 G(ead the documentation for a particular fe\ +ature to \214nd out the current beha)-5 E(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E .532 +(Bash-4.3 introduced a ne)108 124.8 R 3.032(ws)-.25 G .531(hell v)-3.032 +F(ariable:)-.25 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.27(BA)3.031 G(SH_COMP).27 E +-.855(AT)-.666 G/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.).855 E F0 .531(The v)5.031 F +.531(alue assigned to this v)-.25 F .531(ariable \(a decimal)-.25 F -.15 +(ve)108 136.8 S .107(rsion number lik).15 F 2.607(e4)-.1 G .107 +(.2, or an inte)-2.607 F .107(ger corresponding to the)-.15 F F1(compat) +2.608 E/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(NN)A F0 .108(option, lik)2.608 F 2.608 +(e4)-.1 G .108(2\) determines the com-)-2.608 F(patibility le)108 148.8 +Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(l.).15 E .388(Starting with bash-4.4, Bash has be)108 +165.6 R .388(gun deprecating older compatibility le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 +G 2.887(ls. 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The)-4.113 F F1(compat)108 235.2 Q F4(NN)A F0 1.186(tag is used as shorthand for setting the compatibility le)3.685 -F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.686(lt).15 G(o)-3.686 E F3(NN)3.686 E F0 1.186 +F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.686(lt).15 G(o)-3.686 E F4(NN)3.686 E F0 1.186 (using one of the follo)3.686 F(wing)-.25 E 3.807(mechanisms. F)108 -650.4 R 1.307(or v)-.15 F 1.307 +247.2 R 1.307(or v)-.15 F 1.307 (ersions prior to bash-5.0, the compatibility le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -3.806(lm).15 G 1.306(ay be set using the corresponding)-3.806 F F4 -(compat)108 662.4 Q F3(NN)A F0 .502(shopt option.)3.002 F -.15(Fo)5.502 +3.806(lm).15 G 1.306(ay be set using the corresponding)-3.806 F F1 +(compat)108 259.2 Q F4(NN)A F0 .502(shopt option.)3.002 F -.15(Fo)5.502 G 3.002(rb).15 G .502(ash-4.3 and later v)-3.002 F .502(ersions, the) --.15 F F1 -.27(BA)3.002 G(SH_COMP).27 E -.855(AT)-.666 G F0 -.25(va) +-.15 F F2 -.27(BA)3.002 G(SH_COMP).27 E -.855(AT)-.666 G F0 -.25(va) 3.607 G .502(riable is preferred, and it).25 F -(is required for bash-5.1 and later v)108 674.4 Q(ersions.)-.15 E F4 -(compat31)108 691.2 Q F0<83>144 703.2 Q(quoting the rhs of the)180 703.2 -Q F4([[)2.5 E F0(command')2.5 E 2.5(sr)-.55 G -.15(eg)-2.5 G -.15(ex).15 -G 2.5(pm).15 G(atching operator \(=~\) has no special ef)-2.5 E(fect) --.25 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 January 17)141.79 E(83)190.95 E 0 Cg -EP -%%Page: 84 84 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(compat32)108 84 Q F0<83>144 96 Q .35 -(interrupting a command list such as "a ; b ; c" causes the e)180 96 R --.15(xe)-.15 G .35(cution of the ne).15 F .35(xt command)-.15 F .017 -(in the list \(in bash-4.0 and later v)180 108 R .018 +(is required for bash-5.1 and later v)108 271.2 Q(ersions.)-.15 E F1 +(compat31)108 288 Q F0<83>144 300 Q(quoting the rhs of the)180 300 Q F1 +([[)2.5 E F0(command')2.5 E 2.5(sr)-.55 G -.15(eg)-2.5 G -.15(ex).15 G +2.5(pm).15 G(atching operator \(=~\) has no special ef)-2.5 E(fect)-.25 +E F1(compat32)108 316.8 Q F0<83>144 328.8 Q .35 +(interrupting a command list such as "a ; b ; c" causes the e)180 328.8 +R -.15(xe)-.15 G .35(cution of the ne).15 F .35(xt command)-.15 F .017 +(in the list \(in bash-4.0 and later v)180 340.8 R .018 (ersions, the shell acts as if it recei)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.518(dt) .15 G .018(he interrupt, so in-)-2.518 F -(terrupting one command in a list aborts the e)180 120 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G -(cution of the entire list\)).15 E F1(compat40)108 136.8 Q F0<83>144 -148.8 Q(the)180 148.8 Q F1(<)2.674 E F0(and)2.674 E F1(>)2.673 E F0 .173 +(terrupting one command in a list aborts the e)180 352.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 +G(cution of the entire list\)).15 E F1(compat40)108 369.6 Q F0<83>144 +381.6 Q(the)180 381.6 Q F1(<)2.674 E F0(and)2.674 E F1(>)2.673 E F0 .173 (operators to the)2.673 F F1([[)2.673 E F0 .173 (command do not consider the current locale when compar)2.673 F(-)-.2 E -.067(ing strings; the)180 160.8 R 2.567(yu)-.15 G .067 +.067(ing strings; the)180 393.6 R 2.567(yu)-.15 G .067 (se ASCII ordering.)-2.567 F .068(Bash v)5.068 F .068 -(ersions prior to bash-4.1 use ASCII collation)-.15 F(and)180 172.8 Q/F2 -10/Times-Italic@0 SF(str)4.743 E(cmp)-.37 E F0 1.903 +(ersions prior to bash-4.1 use ASCII collation)-.15 F(and)180 405.6 Q F4 +(str)4.743 E(cmp)-.37 E F0 1.903 (\(3\); bash-4.1 and later use the current locale').19 F 4.402(sc)-.55 G -1.902(ollation sequence and)-4.402 F F2(str)4.742 E(-)-.2 E(coll)180 -184.8 Q F0(\(3\).).51 E F1(compat41)108 201.6 Q F0<83>144 213.6 Q(in)180 -213.6 Q F2(posix)3.79 E F0(mode,)3.79 E F1(time)3.79 E F0 1.29 +1.902(ollation sequence and)-4.402 F F4(str)4.742 E(-)-.2 E(coll)180 +417.6 Q F0(\(3\).).51 E F1(compat41)108 434.4 Q F0<83>144 446.4 Q(in)180 +446.4 Q F4(posix)3.79 E F0(mode,)3.79 E F1(time)3.79 E F0 1.29 (may be follo)3.79 F 1.29 (wed by options and still be recognized as a reserv)-.25 F(ed)-.15 E -.1 -(wo)180 225.6 S(rd \(this is POSIX interpretation 267\)).1 E<83>144 -237.6 Q(in)180 237.6 Q F2(posix)2.709 E F0 .208 +(wo)180 458.4 S(rd \(this is POSIX interpretation 267\)).1 E<83>144 +470.4 Q(in)180 470.4 Q F4(posix)2.709 E F0 .208 (mode, the parser requires that an e)2.709 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.708(nn).15 -G .208(umber of single quotes occur in the)-2.708 F F2(wor)2.708 E(d) --.37 E F0 .281(portion of a double-quoted parameter e)180 249.6 R .282 +G .208(umber of single quotes occur in the)-2.708 F F4(wor)2.708 E(d) +-.37 E F0 .281(portion of a double-quoted parameter e)180 482.4 R .282 (xpansion and treats them specially)-.15 F 2.782(,s)-.65 G 2.782(ot) -2.782 G .282(hat charac-)-2.782 F(ters within the single quotes are co\ -nsidered quoted \(this is POSIX interpretation 221\))180 261.6 Q F1 -(compat42)108 278.4 Q F0<83>144 290.4 Q 1.056(the replacement string in\ - double-quoted pattern substitution does not under)180 290.4 R 1.055 -(go quote re-)-.18 F(mo)180 302.4 Q -.25(va)-.15 G(l, as it does in v) -.25 E(ersions after bash-4.2)-.15 E<83>144 314.4 Q .021 -(in posix mode, single quotes are considered special when e)180 314.4 R -.021(xpanding the)-.15 F F2(wor)2.521 E(d)-.37 E F0 .021(portion of a) -2.521 F .018(double-quoted parameter e)180 326.4 R .017 +nsidered quoted \(this is POSIX interpretation 221\))180 494.4 Q F1 +(compat42)108 511.2 Q F0<83>144 523.2 Q 1.056(the replacement string in\ + double-quoted pattern substitution does not under)180 523.2 R 1.055 +(go quote re-)-.18 F(mo)180 535.2 Q -.25(va)-.15 G(l, as it does in v) +.25 E(ersions after bash-4.2)-.15 E<83>144 547.2 Q .021 +(in posix mode, single quotes are considered special when e)180 547.2 R +.021(xpanding the)-.15 F F4(wor)2.521 E(d)-.37 E F0 .021(portion of a) +2.521 F .018(double-quoted parameter e)180 559.2 R .017 (xpansion and can be used to quote a closing brace or other spe-)-.15 F .998(cial character \(this is part of POSIX interpretation 221\); in la\ -ter v)180 338.4 R .999(ersions, single quotes)-.15 F -(are not special within double-quoted w)180 350.4 Q(ord e)-.1 E -(xpansions)-.15 E F1(compat43)108 367.2 Q F0<83>144 379.2 Q 1.071 -(the shell does not print a w)180 379.2 R 1.07 +ter v)180 571.2 R .999(ersions, single quotes)-.15 F +(are not special within double-quoted w)180 583.2 Q(ord e)-.1 E +(xpansions)-.15 E F1(compat43)108 600 Q F0<83>144 612 Q 1.071 +(the shell does not print a w)180 612 R 1.07 (arning message if an attempt is made to use a quoted com-)-.1 F .248 -(pound assignment as an ar)180 391.2 R .249 +(pound assignment as an ar)180 624 R .249 (gument to declare \(declare -a foo='\(1 2\)'\). 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Bash-4.4 and)-.15 F(later reset the loop state to pre) -180 475.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt this).15 E F1(compat44)108 492 Q F0<83>144 -504 Q .719(the shell sets up the v)180 504 R .719(alues used by)-.25 F -/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.27(BA)3.219 G(SH_ARGV).27 E F0(and)2.969 E F3 --.27(BA)3.219 G(SH_ARGC).27 E F0 .719(so the)2.969 F 3.218(yc)-.15 G -.718(an e)-3.218 F(xpand)-.15 E(to the shell')180 516 Q 2.5(sp)-.55 G -(ositional parameters e)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fe)-2.5 G -(xtended deb)-2.65 E(ugging mode is not enabled)-.2 E<83>144 528 Q 2.634 -(as)180 528 S .134(ubshell inherits loops from its parent conte)-2.634 F -.135(xt, so)-.15 F F1(br)2.635 E(eak)-.18 E F0(or)2.635 E F1(continue) -2.635 E F0 .135(will cause the sub-)2.635 F(shell to e)180 540 Q 2.5 -(xit. Bash-5.0)-.15 F(and later reset the loop state to pre)2.5 E -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(nt the e).15 E(xit)-.15 E<83>144 552 Q -.25(va)180 552 S .619 +180 708 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt this).15 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q +(2022 February 10)139.29 E(84)188.45 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 85 85 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF(compat44)108 84 Q F0<83>144 96 Q .719(the shell sets up the v)180 96 +R .719(alues used by)-.25 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.27(BA)3.219 G +(SH_ARGV).27 E F0(and)2.969 E F2 -.27(BA)3.219 G(SH_ARGC).27 E F0 .719 +(so the)2.969 F 3.218(yc)-.15 G .718(an e)-3.218 F(xpand)-.15 E +(to the shell')180 108 Q 2.5(sp)-.55 G(ositional parameters e)-2.5 E +-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fe)-2.5 G(xtended deb)-2.65 E +(ugging mode is not enabled)-.2 E<83>144 120 Q 2.634(as)180 120 S .134 +(ubshell inherits loops from its parent conte)-2.634 F .135(xt, so)-.15 +F F1(br)2.635 E(eak)-.18 E F0(or)2.635 E F1(continue)2.635 E F0 .135 +(will cause the sub-)2.635 F(shell to e)180 132 Q 2.5(xit. Bash-5.0)-.15 +F(and later reset the loop state to pre)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt the e) +.15 E(xit)-.15 E<83>144 144 Q -.25(va)180 144 S .619 (riable assignments preceding b).25 F .618(uiltins lik)-.2 F(e)-.1 E F1 (export)3.118 E F0(and)3.118 E F1 -.18(re)3.118 G(adonly).18 E F0 .618 -(that set attrib)3.118 F .618(utes con-)-.2 F .119(tinue to af)180 564 R +(that set attrib)3.118 F .618(utes con-)-.2 F .119(tinue to af)180 156 R .119(fect v)-.25 F .119(ariables with the same name in the calling en) -.25 F .12(vironment e)-.4 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.62(ni).15 G 2.62(ft)-2.62 -G .12(he shell is)-2.62 F(not in posix mode)180 576 Q F1(compat50)108 -592.8 Q F0<83>144 604.8 Q 1.209(Bash-5.1 changed the w)180 604.8 R(ay) --.1 E F3($RANDOM)3.709 E F0 1.209 +G .12(he shell is)-2.62 F(not in posix mode)180 168 Q F1(compat50)108 +184.8 Q F0<83>144 196.8 Q 1.209(Bash-5.1 changed the w)180 196.8 R(ay) +-.1 E F2($RANDOM)3.709 E F0 1.209 (is generated to introduce slightly more random-)3.459 F 1.018 -(ness. 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items automatically into the template it pro) 2.72 E(vides for \214ling a b)-.15 E(ug report.)-.2 E(Comments and b)108 -374.4 Q(ug reports concerning this manual page should be directed to)-.2 +619.2 Q(ug reports concerning this manual page should be directed to)-.2 E F1 -.15(ch)2.5 G(et.r).15 E(ame)-.15 E(y@case)-.3 E(.edu)-.15 E F0(.) -.25 E F2 -.11(BU)72 391.2 S(GS).11 E F0(It')108 403.2 Q 2.5(st)-.55 G +.25 E F2 -.11(BU)72 636 S(GS).11 E F0(It')108 648 Q 2.5(st)-.55 G (oo big and too slo)-2.5 E -.65(w.)-.25 G 1.869 -(There are some subtle dif)108 420 R 1.869(ferences between)-.25 F F3 +(There are some subtle dif)108 664.8 R 1.869(ferences between)-.25 F F3 (bash)4.369 E F0 1.869(and traditional v)4.369 F 1.869(ersions of)-.15 F F3(sh)4.368 E F0 4.368(,m)C 1.868(ostly because of the)-4.368 F/F4 9 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(POSIX)108 432 Q F0(speci\214cation.)2.25 E -(Aliases are confusing in some uses.)108 448.8 Q(Shell b)108 465.6 Q +/Times-Bold@0 SF(POSIX)108 676.8 Q F0(speci\214cation.)2.25 E +(Aliases are confusing in some uses.)108 693.6 Q(Shell b)108 710.4 Q (uiltin commands and functions are not stoppable/restartable.)-.2 E 1.315(Compound commands and command sequences of the form `a ; b ; c' a\ -re not handled gracefully when)108 482.4 R .39 -(process suspension is attempted.)108 494.4 R .389 +re not handled gracefully when)108 727.2 R(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q +(2022 February 10)139.29 E(86)188.45 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 87 87 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .39 +(process suspension is attempted.)108 84 R .389 (When a process is stopped, the shell immediately e)5.39 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .389(cutes the ne).15 F .389(xt com-)-.15 F .192 -(mand in the sequence.)108 506.4 R .192(It suf)5.192 F .192(\214ces to \ -place the sequence of commands between parentheses to force it into a) --.25 F(subshell, which may be stopped as a 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Constructs-snt}{Section@tie 8.3.2} -@xrdef{Conditional Init Constructs-pg}{127} +@xrdef{Conditional Init Constructs-pg}{128} @xrdef{Sample Init File-title}{Sample Init File} @xrdef{Sample Init File-snt}{Section@tie 8.3.3} @xrdef{Sample Init File-pg}{129} diff --git a/doc/bashref.dvi b/doc/bashref.dvi index ff55d88bf..b2b9a4912 100644 Binary files a/doc/bashref.dvi and b/doc/bashref.dvi differ diff --git a/doc/bashref.html b/doc/bashref.html index 27eda7895..ca9d86f17 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.html +++ b/doc/bashref.html @@ -4,13 +4,13 @@