-The term “modern serif” in Latin type refers to a classification called _didone,_ such as Bodoni and Didot. However, in Japanese typography, the definition of a modern serif is a little different. Let’s first look at an old-style serif:
+The term “modern serif” in Latin type refers to a classification called didone, such as Bodoni and Didot. However, in Japanese typography, the definition of a modern serif is a little different. Let’s first look at an old-style serif:
<figure>
-
+
</figure>
-The very first Japanese metal type was designed as an old-style serif, because the use of a traditional east Asian brush for writing was common at the time, and the letterforms were easy to apply to serif designs.
+The very first Japanese metal type was designed as an old-style serif because the use of a traditional east-Asian brush for writing was common at the time, and the letterforms were easy to apply to serif designs.
-The characteristics of a traditional Japanese old-style serif has a lot in common with an old-style serif in Latin: Small, delicate counters and letter size, elegantly lingering brush strokes—but not so much that it becomes more script design than serif—and organic, natural curves.
+The characteristics of a traditional Japanese old-style serif has a lot in common with an old-style serif in Latin: small, delicate counters and letter size; elegantly lingering brush strokes—but not so much that it becomes more script design than serif—and organic, natural curves.
<figure>
-
+
</figure>
-Modern serif classification in Japanese typography is on the opposite side from the old-style serif. It has relatively large and dynamic counter size, simpler strokes, clean elements, and sometimes low contrast between vertical and horizontal strokes. For example, [Noto Serif JP](https://fonts.google.com/noto/specimen/Noto+Serif+JP), while it respects the traditional letterform, is designed with low contrast and distinctive elements, employing wider counters to improve readability on screen.
+Modern serif classification in Japanese typography is on the opposite end of the spectrum from the old-style serif. It has relatively large and dynamic counter size, simpler strokes, clean elements, and sometimes low contrast between vertical and horizontal strokes. For example, [Noto Serif JP](https://fonts.google.com/noto/specimen/Noto+Serif+JP), while it respects the traditional letterform, it's designed with low contrast and distinctive elements, employing wider counters to improve readability on screen.
<figure>
</figure>
-The definition of old-style and modern for sans serif goes the same as serif, but for the modern style, there are two kinds of interpretation: Humanist modern san serif—popular for Latin—and a more systematic and geometric sans serif. Let’s see the difference.
+The definition of old-style and modern for sans serif is the same as serif, but for the modern style, there are two kinds of interpretation: Humanist Modern san serif—popular for Latin—and a more systematic and geometric sans serif. Let’s see the difference.
<figure>
-
+
</figure>
<figure>
-
+
</figure>