For `current Python versions <https://www.python.org/downloads/>`_
(other than those in ``security`` status), the release team produces a
**Python for macOS** installer package for each new release.
-A list of available installers
-is available `here <https://www.python.org/downloads/macos/>`_.
+A list of available installers is provided on the
+`macOS downloads page <https://www.python.org/downloads/macos/>`__.
We recommend using the most recent supported Python version where possible.
Current installers provide a
`universal2 binary <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_binary>`_ build
currently typically from at least **macOS 10.15 Catalina** on.
The downloaded file is a standard macOS installer package file (``.pkg``).
-File integrity information (checksum, size, sigstore signature, etc) for each file is included
+File integrity information (such as checksum, size, and Sigstore signature) for each file is included
on the release download page. Installer packages and their contents are signed and notarized
with ``Python Software Foundation`` Apple Developer ID certificates
to meet `macOS Gatekeeper requirements <https://support.apple.com/en-us/102445>`_.
For a default installation, double-click on the downloaded installer package file.
This should launch the standard macOS Installer app and display the first of several
-installer windows steps.
+installer steps.
.. image:: mac_installer_01_introduction.png
By pressing the **Customize** button, you can choose to omit or select certain package
components of the installer. Click on each package name to see a description of
what it installs.
-To also install support for the optional free-threaded feature,
-see :ref:`install-freethreaded-macos`.
+For details of the optional free-threaded feature, which is installed
+by default, see :ref:`install-freethreaded-macos`.
.. image:: mac_installer_05_custom_install.png
.. image:: mac_installer_08_install_certificates.png
-If ``Successfully installed certifi`` and ``update complete`` appears
+If ``Successfully installed certifi`` and ``update complete`` appear
in the terminal window, the installation is complete.
Close this terminal window and the installer window.
.. _alternative_bundles:
-Alternative Distributions
+Alternative distributions
=========================
Besides the standard ``python.org`` for macOS installer, there are third-party
.. _mac-package-manager:
-Installing Additional Python Packages
+Installing additional Python packages
=====================================
Refer to the `Python Packaging User Guide`_ for more information.
.. _gui-programming-on-the-mac:
-GUI Programming
+GUI programming
===============
There are several options for building GUI applications on the Mac with Python.
supports desktop operating systems.
-Advanced Topics
+Advanced topics
===============
.. _install-freethreaded-macos:
-Installing Free-threaded Binaries
+Installing free-threaded binaries
---------------------------------
.. versionadded:: 3.13
+.. versionchanged:: 3.15
+ Free-threading support is now installed by default.
+
The ``python.org`` :ref:`Python for macOS <getting-and-installing-macpython>`
-installer package can optionally install an additional build of
-Python |version| that supports :pep:`703`, the free-threading feature
+installer package installs, by default, an additional build of
+Python |version| that supports :term:`free threading`
(running with the :term:`global interpreter lock` disabled).
Check the release page on ``python.org`` for possible updated information.
to the regular build. Additionally, third-party packages, in particular ones
with an :term:`extension module`, may not be ready for use in a
free-threaded build, and will re-enable the :term:`GIL`.
-Therefore, the support for free-threading
-is not installed by default. It is packaged as a separate install option,
-available by clicking the **Customize** button on the **Installation Type**
+As of Python 3.15, free-threading support is installed by default.
+It is packaged as a separate install option, which can be deselected
+by clicking the **Customize** button on the **Installation Type**
step of the installer as described above.
.. image:: mac_installer_09_custom_install_free_threaded.png
-If the box next to the **Free-threaded Python** package name is checked,
+If the box next to the **Free-threaded Python** package name is checked
+(as it is by default),
a separate :file:`PythonT.framework` will also be installed
alongside the normal :file:`Python.framework` in :file:`/Library/Frameworks`.
This configuration allows a free-threaded Python |version| build to co-exist
the free-threaded interpreter, and |python_x_dot_y_t_literal_config|,
a configuration utility which may be useful for package builders.
Since :file:`/usr/local/bin` is typically included in your shell ``PATH``,
- in most cases no changes to your ``PATH`` environment variables should
+ in most cases no changes to your ``PATH`` environment variable should
be needed to use |python_x_dot_y_t_literal|.
- For this release, the **Shell profile updater** package and the
options, too. If you are not familiar with :command:`installer`, it can be
somewhat cryptic (see :command:`man installer` for more information).
As an example, the following shell snippet shows one way to do it,
-using the |x_dot_y_b2_literal| release and selecting the free-threaded interpreter
-option:
+using the |x_dot_y_b2_literal| release and deselecting the free-threaded
+interpreter option:
.. parsed-literal::
curl -O \https://www.python.org/ftp/python/\ |version|\ .0/${RELEASE}
# create installer choicechanges to customize the install:
- # enable the PythonTFramework-\ |version|\ package
+ # disable the PythonTFramework-\ |version|\ package
# while accepting the other defaults (install all other packages)
cat > ./choicechanges.plist <<EOF
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<array>
<dict>
<key>attributeSetting</key>
- <integer>1</integer>
+ <integer>0</integer>
<key>choiceAttribute</key>
<string>selected</string>
<key>choiceIdentifier</key>
sudo installer -pkg ./${RELEASE} -applyChoiceChangesXML ./choicechanges.plist -target /
-You can then test that both installer builds are now available with something like:
+After a default install, you can test that both builds are available with something like:
.. parsed-literal::
.. _distributing-python-applications-on-the-mac:
-Distributing Python Applications
+Distributing Python applications
--------------------------------
A range of tools exist for converting your Python code into a standalone
* `PyInstaller <https://pyinstaller.org/>`_: A cross-platform packaging tool that creates
a single file or folder as a distributable artifact.
-App Store Compliance
+App Store compliance
--------------------
Apps submitted for distribution through the macOS App Store must pass Apple's
if you are distributing an app *outside* the macOS App Store. It is *only*
required if you are using the macOS App Store as a distribution channel.
-Other Resources
+Other resources
===============
The `python.org Help page <https://www.python.org/about/help/>`_ has links to many useful resources.
projects / thirdparty / Python / cpython.git / commitdiff
