Add a family of sd_fiber_*() I/O wrappers that, when called from a
fiber, behave like blocking I/O from the caller's perspective but
yield to the event loop instead of blocking the thread:
Most of them share a single helper, fiber_io_operation(), which when
invoked outside a fiber falls through to the underlying syscall
directly, preserving the regular blocking behaviour. Inside a fiber
the helper flips the fd to non-blocking (restoring its original mode
on return), tries the syscall once on the fast path, and on EAGAIN/
EWOULDBLOCK creates an sd-event-backed IO future via future_new_io(),
suspends the fiber, and retries the syscall once the event source
fires.
future_new_io() itself is added to sd-event/event-future.{c,h} as a
new IoFuture kind. It wraps sd_event_add_io() into an sd_future:
oneshot enable, EPOLLERR translated via SO_ERROR (suppressed for
non-sockets), and the fd duplicated with F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC to avoid
EEXIST when multiple sources watch the same descriptor.
Together these let fiber-using code write straight-line socket and
pipe I/O without bundling state into callbacks.
Daan De Meyer [Wed, 12 Nov 2025 16:53:47 +0000 (17:53 +0100)]
Introduce support for running code in fibers
Traditionally, asynchronous programming in systemd has been achieved using
sd-event along with the asynchronous interfaces of sd-bus and sd-varlink.
This works well when the system is reacting to events and all code triggered
by those events can run without blocking. In these scenarios, the global
Manager object is passed as userdata to the callback, and the callback can
use the stack as usual, declaring local state and ensuring proper cleanup via
_cleanup_. Control flow structures, such as loops, work as expected, and
everything runs smoothly.
However, challenges arise when the code needs to perform long-running
operations within these callbacks. Since the system cannot block execution
within the callback, we can't directly invoke a long-running operation and
wait for its result without introducing complexities. Instead, we need to
initiate the long-running task, register for completion with sd-event,
sd-bus, or sd-varlink, and provide a callback to be invoked when the
operation completes.
This callback, however, only receives a single userdata pointer, which
forces us to bundle all local variables into a struct and pass it along as
part of the callback. On top of that, after queuing the asynchronous
operation, the caller continues executing. As the caller's stack unwinds
when the function exits, the resources and state within the local scope may
be prematurely cleaned up. Therefore, the struct must store copies of the
local variables or ensure proper reference counting to prevent premature
resource cleanup.
When multiple long-running operations need to be initiated within a loop,
the complexity grows further. We must introduce additional shared state to
track the completion of all operations before we can run any code that
depends on their results.
Furthermore, since the daemon may be shut down at any time, we must track
the lifecycle of each long-running operation in the global Manager struct,
ensuring proper cleanup even when stack unwinding can no longer manage the
resources for us.
Fibers, or green threads, provide a more natural way of handling
asynchronous operations. By enabling cooperative multitasking within a
single thread, fibers allow us to write code that looks like it’s running
synchronously, but with the ability to yield control at predefined points,
such as when waiting for long-running tasks to complete.
With fibers, we can simplify the control flow by running asynchronous
operations within a fiber, allowing us to "pause" execution while waiting
for the long-running operation to finish and then "resume" the operation once
it's complete. This eliminates the need for multiple callback chains,
extensive state tracking, and the potential pitfalls of stack unwinding.
This commit introduces the ability to execute long-running operations in a
non-blocking manner while maintaining the simplicity and readability of
synchronous code. The fiber-based approach will significantly improve the
handling of complex workflows, making the code easier to write and maintain.
The implementation is based on ucontext.h's makecontext() (with a fallback
to the venerable sigaltstack() approach on musl), sigsetjmp()/siglongjmp()
and sd-event. ucontext.h provides us with alternate stacks that we can switch
between. We use sigsetjmp()/siglongjmp() instead of swapcontext() because the
latter forcibly saves/restores a per context signal mask every time it is called.
Using sigsetjmp()/siglongjmp(), we can avoid the unnecessary syscall and maintain
a per thread signal mask, which makes much more sense than having a per fiber
signal mask.
The default stack size is the same as a regular thread. Because we
use mmap() to allocate the stack, the memory won't actually be used until it
is paged in by the kernel, so we don't actually use 8MB per fiber.
To integrate fibers with the event loop, each fiber is assigned a deferred
event source which resumes the fiber when enabled. The deferred event source
is oneshot by default so the fiber will run immediately until it yields or
suspends. If it yields, the deferred event source is enabled again (oneshot)
immediately. If it suspends, before it suspends, one or more event sources
are registered with sd-event that will enable the deferred event source
(oneshot) to resume the fiber once the operation it is waiting for completes.
Yielding or suspending the fiber is done by calling sd_fiber_yield() or
sd_fiber_suspend() respectively. Both of these return zero on success or any
error value from the async operation that caused the fiber to resume.
This is also how fiber cancellation is implemented. When a fiber is cancelled,
sd_fiber_yield() and sd_fiber_suspend() will return ECANCELED when the fiber
is resumed, allowing the fiber to unwind its stack (which allows cleanup to
happen automatically) and finish.
Instead of having applications work directly with fibers, we hide them behind
a generic futures interface to represent long-running operations, regardless of
whether those operations are running on a fiber or not. Aside from fibers, the
futures library (sd-future) will for example allow waiting for sd-event sources
and doing sd-bus calls in the background as well. Fibers can suspend until a
future is ready with sd_fiber_await() or by having the future wake up the fiber
explicitly in its callback. A future always defaults to waking up the current
fiber.
Each future kind plugs into the library by providing an sd_future_ops vtable
(alloc, free, cancel, set_priority). The library treats the impl pointer
returned by alloc() as a black box. Future Implementations retrieve it via
sd_future_get_private().
A future starts in SD_FUTURE_PENDING and transitions exactly once to
SD_FUTURE_RESOLVED, carrying an integer result. Consumers can react to that
transition either by installing a one-shot callback with
sd_future_set_callback() (callback-style code) or by waiting on it from a
fiber via sd_fiber_await() (synchronous-looking fiber code). sd_fiber_await()
is itself built on a "wait future" that resolves when its target resolves;
sd_future_new_wait() exposes the same primitive directly so non-fiber callers
can chain futures without involving a fiber.
Cancellation is cooperative: sd_future_cancel() invokes the future impl's
cancel callback, which is responsible for tearing down its work and ultimately
resolving the promise with -ECANCELED. For fiber futures this is what
surfaces as the ECANCELED return from sd_fiber_yield()/sd_fiber_suspend()
mentioned above.
Fire-and-forget fibers — created by passing a NULL ret to sd_fiber_new() —
take a self-reference on their future so they outlive the caller's scope.
The self-ref is dropped when the fiber resolves. This floating mechanism
(sd_fiber_set_floating()) is restricted to fiber futures because they
uniquely guarantee resolution; allowing it for arbitrary future kinds would
risk silent leaks for kinds that may never resolve.
Note that fiber cleanup depends on the runtime operating normally. Each
fiber's _cleanup_-style cleanups live on the fiber's own stack and run
only when the fiber is resumed and allowed to unwind, which requires a
working event loop to drive it to completion. The exit event source
registered for top-level fibers ensures unwind on a normal sd_event_exit(),
but if the event loop itself terminates abnormally (e.g. an unrecoverable
allocation failure mid-dispatch) before all fibers have resolved, their
stacks never unwind and any resources they own leak.
The code lives in libsystemd as sd-future (not exported) for the following reasons:
- We may want to make this a public libsystemd API in the future
- The code can't live in src/basic as it makes heavy use of sd-event
- The code can't live in src/shared as sd-bus and sd-event make use of it
The log and log-context headers are updated with functions to allow
fibers to have their own log prefix and log context.
Currently with FileDescriptorStorePreserve=yes the FD store is kept around
regardless of what happens to a unit, which is useful in many cases. But in
some cases, for example when complex services crash horribly, it's hard to
reason about what was in the intermediate state, and it's better to start
fresh.
Add a new 'on-success' option for the FileDescriptorStorePreserve= setting
that keeps it around only for as long as the unit doesn't go to a persistently
failed state.
This is especially useful in combination with LUO, where we don't want to
keep around LUO sessions created by units that then proceeded to crash and
burn, and might be in a bad state afterwards.
network: restart DHCPv6, NDisc, and RADV when tracked IPv6LL is dropped
When the tracked IPv6 link-local address is removed, networkd clears
link->ipv6ll_address, but keeps DHCPv6, NDisc, and RADV running. These
engines keep using a stale source identity which affects the following:
- DHCPv6 client continues to send Solicit/Renew/Rebind from a nonexistent
source address.
- NDisc continues to send Router Solicitations from a nonexistent source
address. Router Advertisements cannot be received properly.
- RADV continues to advertise with a stale source address. This can lead
to downstream hosts configuring invalid routes.
- DHCP-PD prefixes remain configured without a valid upstream DHCPv6 path.
Added link_ipv6ll_lost() to stop IPv6 dynamic engines and related states:
- sd_dhcp6_client_stop()
- ndisc_stop() + ndisc_flush()
- sd_radv_stop()
This is called from address_drop() when the dropped address matches the
tracked IPv6LL. After clearing the tracked address, it scans for another
ready link-local address on the interface. If found, this is set as
link->ipv6ll_address and link_ipv6ll_gained() is called to restart the
engines with the new source identity.
Yu Watanabe [Sun, 3 May 2026 23:29:51 +0000 (08:29 +0900)]
network: drop use of legacy DHCP relay agent in sd-dhcp-server
Then, this deprecates
- BindToInterface=
- RelayTarget=
- RelayAgentCircuitId=
- RelayAgentRemoteId=
settings in [DHCPServer] section.
These are gracefully translated as new settings.
Previously, sd-dhcp-server can be run as a DHCP relay agent.
But, DHCP server and DHCP relay agent behave completely differently,
hence there is almost no code that can be shared between the two modes.
Let's split out the DHCP relay agent feature from sd-dhcp-server.
The new DHCP relay agent supports:
- multiple upstream and downstream interfaces,
- gateway address (giaddr field in DHCP message header) is configurable,
- supports more DHCP relay agent information sub-options,
- each interface has their own socket fd, and each socket is bound to
the interface, so that we can enable/disable each interface
safely without affecting other interfaces, and we can filter out any
unexpected packets from unmanaged interfaces,
networkd integration and test cases will be added later.
Rocker Zhang [Sat, 16 May 2026 05:07:56 +0000 (13:07 +0800)]
logind: keep lingering users at startup-time GC
manager_startup() runs manager_gc(m, /* drop_not_started= */ false)
before the user_start() loop. user_may_gc()'s linger guard requires
user_unit_active() to be true to keep a user, but at this point the
per-user units have not been started yet, so for any lingering user
that ended up in the user_gc_queue the guard falls through and
manager_gc frees the User struct before user_start() ever runs.
This only manifests after `systemctl soft-reboot`, because /run is
tmpfs and survives soft-reboot: /run/systemd/users/UID files persist,
and manager_enumerate_users() in src/login/logind.c explicitly calls
user_add_to_gc_queue() for every UID it loads from there. Cold boot is
unaffected because /run is empty, so the linger users that come in via
manager_enumerate_linger_users() never enter the GC queue at all and
reach user_start() directly.
Special-case the startup-time GC: if a linger file exists, keep the
user regardless of unit state — user_start() is about to run and will
queue the appropriate jobs. Steady-state GC (drop_not_started=true, in
the event loop) still requires user_unit_active() so we don't hold on
to records for lingering users whose units genuinely died.
Fixes: https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/41789 Co-developed-by: Claude Opus 4.7 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Daan De Meyer [Mon, 18 May 2026 20:29:04 +0000 (20:29 +0000)]
tree-wide: standardize header names across src/fundamental, src/basic and src/shared
Drop the -fundamental suffix from src/fundamental/ headers in favor of names
that match their src/basic/ or src/shared/ counterparts (e.g.
macro-fundamental.h -> macro.h, assert-fundamental.h -> assert-util.h,
cleanup-fundamental.h -> cleanup-util.h). Rename src/basic/{btrfs,label}.{c,h}
to use the -util suffix to match the existing shared/btrfs-util and
shared/label-util siblings. Rename src/shared/mkdir-label.{c,h} to mkdir.{c,h}
and src/shared/tmpfile-util-label.{c,h} to tmpfile-util.{c,h} to match the
corresponding src/basic names.
This saves us from having to come up with separate names for files that do
the same thing across tiers, and it makes it easier to move stuff between
src/fundamental, src/basic and src/shared: consumers just #include "foo.h"
and pick up whichever tier their -I path resolves to first, so call sites
don't need to be updated when an API moves between layers.
Where a higher-tier wrapper exists (e.g. src/basic/macro.h wrapping
src/fundamental/macro.h), the wrapper uses an explicit "../fundamental/foo.h"
or "../basic/foo.h" relative include for the lower-tier header. We can't use
GCC's #include_next directive for this — when the wrapper is reachable both
via same-dir-as-source lookup and via -I (e.g. -Isrc/shared) for the
directory it lives in, #include_next advances by exactly one slot in libcpp's
internal directory chain and lands on the same physical directory it was
already in, never reaching the lower-tier sibling (see make_cpp_dir() in
gcc/libcpp/files.cc:1986).
To make sure the right headers are always picked up, the include directories
are reordered so that e.g. src/shared always takes priority over src/basic and
similar for the other directories.
Co-developed-by: Claude Opus 4.7 <noreply@anthropic.com>
firstboot: make clear where the full screen console wizards end
The three first boot screens are visually separated from the console
output before them via the "chome" and welcome strings and sufficient
whitespace. But so far they weren't from the output after them. This is
sometimes a big confusing. Let's add a bit of a separator between the
end and what comes next, too.
Yu Watanabe [Thu, 21 May 2026 00:07:34 +0000 (09:07 +0900)]
vmspawn: rearrange --help and man page a bit (#42200)
This does not change man page or --help contents at all, but it does
introduce new sections, and moves some knobs between sections. It also
reorders things in the man page so that man page and --help show items
in the same order again.
Yu Watanabe [Wed, 20 May 2026 22:34:43 +0000 (07:34 +0900)]
test-network: fix test case for Neighbor Announcement message handling
After 9142bd5a8e9ed94ecbb1e335305e24760b90ad2a, when NA without router
flag is received, the corresponding redirect route and the default route
is removed, but the other routes are kept.
The corresponding test case was not updated by the commit, and the test
case has been unfortunately skipped...
Yu Watanabe [Wed, 20 May 2026 14:40:51 +0000 (23:40 +0900)]
test-network: try to stop test-modem-manager-mock.service only when necessary
Otherwise, all test cases that does not create/start the service emits
the following error:
```
Failed to stop test-modem-manager-mock.service: Unit test-modem-manager-mock.service not loaded.
```
Moreover, without this change, extra 'systemctl daemon-reload' is triggered after
all test cases. That's super heavy, especially when the test is running on
sanitizers.
* 3e1930512d Downgrade dependency on dbus to recommends in sd-container
* 61d6ecf0a0 Conflict with sysuser-helper
* fbc4646437 autopkgtest: add dependency on procps
vmspawn: move --kernel=/--initrd= under the "Execution" section
This has little to do with host configuration (where it was so far), and
a lot with what being executed, let's move it over.
Note that --help and man page so far differed here quite a bit: the
former had the "Execution" section, the latter didn't. This creates it
in the man page, to bring the two back in sync.
Philip Withnall [Wed, 20 May 2026 16:15:00 +0000 (17:15 +0100)]
updatectl: Add a --no-ask-password argument
While commit 83c1e8ff5f9 added support for interactive polkit
authentication in `updatectl`, some users might want to disable that for
some use cases; so add the standard `--no-ask-password` argument.
Signed-off-by: Philip Withnall <pwithnall@gnome.org>
Helps: https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/37412
Daan De Meyer [Tue, 19 May 2026 10:36:01 +0000 (10:36 +0000)]
ci: run the musl build & test under mkosi with a postmarketOS tools tree
Drop the standalone Unit-tests (musl) workflow that ran on an Alpine sandbox
spun up by jirutka/setup-alpine, and merge it into unit-tests.yml as a new
build-musl job that provisions a postmarketOS tools tree via mkosi and runs
the meson build + test suite through 'mkosi box'. postmarketOS is musl-native,
so the musl-gcc / -idirafter /usr/include wrappers the Fedora tools tree
needed are gone; the linter.yml's own musl build step also goes away since
the unit-tests workflow now covers it (and tests it).
postmarketOS doesn't ship a downstream systemd packaging spec, so the new
tools tree config in mkosi.tools.conf/mkosi.conf.d/postmarketos.conf does not
set PrepareScripts and lists build deps manually. mkosi.sync now early-exits
when PKG_SUBDIR is unset so the missing pkgenv entry doesn't trip set -u.
Co-developed-by: Claude Opus 4.7 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Daan De Meyer [Wed, 20 May 2026 17:21:13 +0000 (17:21 +0000)]
test-path: Skip test when we can't create a cgroup
Instead of having CI runner specific checks, let's just
skip the test if we get EXIT_CGROUP which is what we get
when we can't create a cgroup. This makes the check work
independently of CI runner, and specifically also on github
actions.
Daan De Meyer [Wed, 20 May 2026 12:14:52 +0000 (12:14 +0000)]
ptyfwd: Imply PTY_FORWARD_READ_ONLY if stdin isn't readable
if stdin is connected to a closed pipe or similar, imply
PTY_FORWARD_READ_ONLY so we don't even try to read from it
in the first place. Otherwise we'll immediately get a hangup
which will cause the forwarder to call sd_event_exit() and
shut down the event loop.
Debugged-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
Yu Watanabe [Wed, 20 May 2026 15:39:47 +0000 (00:39 +0900)]
systemd-udevd: configure NIC IRQs CPU affinity (#40304)
# Context
#40195 defines the initial proposal and the motivation behind this PR.
This PR introduces 3 new options for `.link` files `[Link]` section:
- `IRQAffinityPolicy=`
- `IRQAffinity=`
- `IRQAffinityNUMA=`
The purpose is to allow `systemd-udevd` to configure a NIC's IRQs
affinity to specific CPU(s).
`IRQAffinityPolicy=` supports two policies:
- `single`: assign all the NIC IRQs to CPU 0, or the first CPU in the
CPU set resulting from the union of `IRQAffinity=` and
`IRQAffinityNUMA=`.
- `spread`: assign all the NIC IRQs to all the CPUs (or the union of
`IRQAffinity=` and `IRQAffinityNUMA=` if defined) in a round-robin
fashion while optimizing for cache locally while spreading apart queues
on CPUs as much as possible.
Both `IRQAffinity=` and `IRQAffinityNUMA=` behaves as filters to reduce
the CPU set to assign IRQs to, and are only valid if
`IRQAffinityPolicy=` is defined.
# Spreading IRQs
This section describes the algorithm responsible for spreading IRQs over
different CPUs to maximize performance.
## 1. Discover CPU topology
Read from `/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/topology` to identify:
- L3 cache domains (dies)
- Physical cores VS hyperthreads
- NUMA nodes
- Core ordering within each die
```
Example: Dual-socket server with 2 dies per socket, 4 cores per die
Use only the first hyperthread of each physical core to avoid SMT
contention. Two IRQs on sibling HTs contend for ALU/cache without cache
benefit.
```
Before: CPUs 0-31 (16 cores × 2 HTs)
After: CPUs 0-15 (first HT of each core)
```
## 3. Equidistant permutations
Reorder dies and CPUs so consecutive selections are maximally spread
apart.
```
Original order: [0, 1, 2, 3] (adjacent dies/CPUs)
|
v
Equidistant: [0, 2, 1, 3] (spread apart)
```
This ensures that even if only 2 IRQs are assigned, they land on dies 0
and 2 (not 0 and 1), maximizing physical distance. The permutation is
also applied within each die:
```
Die permutation: Die0 -> Die2 -> Die1 -> Die3
Within each die:
┌───────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Die 0: [C0,C1,C2,C3] -> [C0,C2,C1,C3] │
│ Die 1: [C4,C5,C6,C7] -> [C4,C6,C5,C7] │
│ Die 2: [C8,C9,C10,C11] -> [C8,C10,C9,C11] │
│ Die 3: [C12,C13,C14,C15] -> [C12,C14,C13,C15] │
└───────────────────────────────────────────────┘
```
## 4. Round-robin selection across dies
Pick one CPU from each die in rotation, following permuted order.
```
Round 1: Die0->C0 Die2->C8 Die1->C4 Die3->C12
| | | |
v v v v
IRQs: [IRQ0] [IRQ1] [IRQ2] [IRQ3]
Round 2: Die0->C2 Die2->C10 Die1->C6 Die3->C14
| | | |
v v v v
IRQs: [IRQ4] [IRQ5] [IRQ6] [IRQ7]
```
If there are more IRQs than physical cores, this logic wraps around and
reuse CPUs. Only the first hyperthread of each core is used to avoid
cache line contention between queues.
Daan De Meyer [Fri, 15 May 2026 14:59:49 +0000 (14:59 +0000)]
basic/math-util: drop libm where possible
- test-random-util is reworked to not use sqrt()
- pretty-print.c inlines ceil() so libm doesn't have
to be linked into libshared
- We add fno-math-errno to allow inlining of more math
functions by not requiring standard math functions to
set errno on invalid input.
Daan De Meyer [Fri, 15 May 2026 20:46:54 +0000 (20:46 +0000)]
meson: shrink developer-mode build artifacts
Two complementary changes in the developer-mode branch of meson.build:
1. -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections: pair with the existing
-Wl,--gc-sections so the linker can drop unused individual functions
and data instead of being forced to pull whole .o files into each
binary. Biggest impact on statically-linked NSS/PAM modules (a single
call into creds-util.c used to drag in the entire creds-util
translation unit, which transitively pulled TPM2, OpenSSL, PKCS11 and
KDF helpers via tpm2-util.c / openssl-util.c) and on tests that embed
daemon objects via meson's objects: extraction.
2. -gz=zstd + -fdebug-types-section + -Wl,--compress-debug-sections=zstd:
compress every .debug_* section with zstd, and move type DIEs into a
COMDAT-mergeable section so identical types described across many TUs
land once. Both are transparent to GDB / readelf / addr2line.
Gated to mode == 'developer' for now: no major distro (Fedora, Debian/
Ubuntu, Arch, Alpine, Gentoo, openSUSE, Yocto) enables -ffunction-sections
in their system-wide default CFLAGS, and the interaction with -flto=auto +
-ffat-lto-objects (which Fedora et al. ship by default) deserves a broader
evaluation before turning it on for release builds. Developer mode benefits
straightforwardly: smaller plugins, smaller tests, smaller libraries, no
interference with the hardening/LTO flag combinations distros pin.
Size impact on a clean developer-mode build, 626 ELF objects:
The big test wins come from the ~30 daemons (systemd-networkd,
systemd-resolved, systemd-journald, systemd-logind, systemd-homed,
systemd-importd, systemd-machined, …) whose compiled .o files are embedded
directly into their unit tests via meson's objects: extraction mechanism.
With per-function sections on the daemon sources, the test binary can GC
the bulk of code it never exercises; the remaining DWARF is then shared
zstd-compressed across every .o.
Build-speed cost is below noise on a 24-core build: across four clean
builds (with-flags / sections-only / baseline / with-flags rerun) the
range was 23.6–26.0 s real time and 7m39s–7m48s user time, with the
two with-flags runs faster than the baseline by a couple of seconds —
overhead from per-function-section bookkeeping and zstd compression
disappears into parallel-build noise.
Daan De Meyer [Wed, 13 May 2026 21:01:41 +0000 (23:01 +0200)]
repart: canonicalize node in varlink Run method
Run acquire_root_devno() on the varlink-provided node so symlinks (e.g.
/dev/disk/by-id/...) resolve to their canonical /dev/ path before being
used. Without this, sym_fdisk_partname() produces a "-partN" symlink
that udev hasn't created yet when repart calls open() on it right after
BLKPG_ADD_PARTITION, failing with ENOENT.
This also brings the varlink path in line with the CLI path's
partition-to-whole-disk and dm-crypt-to-backing resolution.
Michael Vogt [Wed, 20 May 2026 06:52:20 +0000 (08:52 +0200)]
core: tweak error handling around VARLINK_ERROR_UNIT_BAD_SETTING
This commit move the erros in StartTransient from
VARLINK_ERROR_UNIT_BAD_SETTING to SD_VARLINK_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER
and it also ensures we have the bad field in the error.
Michael Vogt [Mon, 18 May 2026 16:32:23 +0000 (18:32 +0200)]
core: add User,Group,SupplementaryGroups,Nice to varlink Unit.StartTransient
This commit adds more writable fields to the io.systemd.Unit.StartTransient
varlink method. With this its possible to set:
User,Group,SupplementaryGroups,Nice values.
Luca Boccassi [Mon, 18 May 2026 11:56:39 +0000 (12:56 +0100)]
po: skip automated fuzzy translations when generating new po files
The fuzzy translations are always wrong, but meson's integration does
not allow skipping them. Add a tiny wrapper for 'msgmerge' to
workaround the issue and skip them when running ninja systemd-update-po
Paul Meyer [Tue, 19 May 2026 11:56:46 +0000 (13:56 +0200)]
vmspawn: use EPYC-v4 cpu for SNP
SNP requires a named, stable CPU model so the launch measurement is
reproducible across hosts. EPYC-v4 is the baseline that covers all
SNP-capable processors (Milan and later).
Paul Meyer [Mon, 18 May 2026 05:50:34 +0000 (07:50 +0200)]
vmspawn: initial support for SEV-SNP guests
Add --confidential-computing=sev-snp to run the guest as an AMD SEV-SNP
confidential VM. Loads a raw OVMF firmware blob via -bios (SNP doesn't
support the pflash + NVRAM split), attaches a sev-snp-guest object,
and hashes the kernel, initrd and cmdline into the launch measurement
when direct kernel boot is used. Incompatible features (Secure Boot,
CXL, virtio-balloon, SMBIOS credentials) are rejected or disabled; an
attached vTPM must be treated as untrusted by the guest.
The feature is marked experimental in the man page.
Co-developed-by: Claude Opus 4.7 <noreply@anthropic.com> Signed-off-by: Paul Meyer <katexochen0@gmail.com>
udev/net: add IRQAffinityNUMA= option for NUMA-aware filtering
Add support for filtering IRQ affinity to CPUs on a specific NUMA node
via the new IRQAffinityNUMA= option in .link files. The option accepts:
- "local": use the NUMA node local to the NIC's PCIe slot
- Explicit node number (0, 1, 2, ...): use CPUs on the specified node
When both IRQAffinity= and IRQAffinityNUMA= are specified, their
intersection is used. If the intersection is empty, an error is logged
and IRQ affinity configuration is skipped.
When "local" is specified but the device's NUMA node cannot be
determined (numa_node shows -1), a warning is logged and IRQ affinity
configuration is skipped.
udev/net: add IRQAffinity= option to filter eligible CPUs
Add IRQAffinity= option to .link files that filters the set of CPUs
eligible for IRQ placement. This works in conjunction with
IRQAffinityPolicy= to constrain which CPUs receive network IRQs.
When specified with spread policy, only the listed CPUs are considered
for IRQ distribution. When specified with single policy, IRQs are
pinned to the first CPU in the allowed set instead of CPU 0.
udev/net: implement IRQAffinityPolicy=spread with topology awareness
Implement the spread policy for IRQ affinity distribution using a
topology-aware algorithm. The algorithm:
1. Discovers CPU topology from sysfs (NUMA node, package, die/L3, core)
2. Groups CPUs by L3 cache domain (die) with equidistant ordering
3. Round-robins across dies, spreading IRQs across the system
4. Uses first hyperthread of each core before second hyperthreads
5. Applies IRQ affinity via /proc/irq/<n>/smp_affinity
When there are more IRQs than CPUs, queues wrap around using round-robin.
udev/net: add IRQAffinityPolicy= option for .link files
Add support for configuring IRQ affinity for network interfaces via
systemd .link files. For now, the new IRQAffinityPolicy= option in the [Link]
section only accepts "single", which pins all MSI IRQs to CPU 0.
This allows declarative IRQ affinity configuration for network devices
during udev processing, which is useful for optimizing network
performance on multi-core systems.
Further commits will expand the options supported by IRQAffinityPolicy=.
Michael Vogt [Thu, 30 Apr 2026 07:18:41 +0000 (09:18 +0200)]
core: report unsupported service fields in varlink calls
Just like for the unsupported/bad exec_fields we should show
a message about what field is bad for service parameters. This
commit adds it using the same pattern. The JSON parser works in
fail-fast mode so we only display the first bad field (and
it depends on the parser what it finds first).
Frantisek Sumsal [Wed, 20 May 2026 08:47:22 +0000 (10:47 +0200)]
dns-packet: bail out early if the packet is too short
Let's bail out early if the packet claims to contain some
questions or answer RRs, but the remaining packet data size is not
enough to hold a single such entry.
Daan De Meyer [Thu, 14 May 2026 19:20:02 +0000 (19:20 +0000)]
test: add test-link-abi to enforce link-time ABI invariants
For every built executable, internal shared library, and plugin module,
verify two link-time properties via readelf:
1. No imported GLIBC symbol's version is newer than 2.34.
2. The dynamic section's NEEDED entries reference only glibc, the
runtime linker, our own libraries.
Daan De Meyer [Fri, 15 May 2026 12:16:01 +0000 (12:16 +0000)]
tree-wide: Replace exp10() with our own impl
exp10() has a symbol version > 2.34 on latest glibc. To allow
dropping our baseline required glibc runtime version to <= 2.34,
let's add our own version to prevent pulling in the newer symbol
from glibc.
- `io.systemd.Job.List` — list all queued jobs or look up by `id`/`unit`
name, with streaming support. Uses context/runtime split: `JobContext`
(Unit, JobType) and `JobRuntime` (Id, State, Result,
ActivationDetails). Follows the same SELinux and parameter-conflict
patterns as `io.systemd.Unit.List`.
- `io.systemd.Job.Cancel` — cancel a specific job by ID, with SELinux
and polkit authorization.
- `io.systemd.Job.ClearAll` — cancel all pending jobs, with SELinux and
polkit authorization.
Patrick Rohr [Mon, 4 May 2026 20:31:10 +0000 (13:31 -0700)]
networkd: fix race condition in per-interface ICMPv6 processing
There exists a small window of time in icmp6_bind() between creating the
ICMPv6 socket and binding it to an ifindex, where the link-scoped socket
can process an ICMPv6 packet received on any interface. The applies to
both sd-radv and sd-ndisc codepaths.
This change adds an explicit check for ifindex on the receive path and
ignores packets received on other interfaces.
Yu Watanabe [Wed, 20 May 2026 01:22:32 +0000 (10:22 +0900)]
sd-bus: add depth limit to message_skip_fields() to prevent stack overflow (#42164)
`message_skip_fields()` recursively processes D-Bus variant types in
message header fields with no depth limit. A crafted message with deeply
nested variants can cause unbounded recursion and overflow the stack.
Add a `depth` parameter checked against `BUS_CONTAINER_DEPTH` (128),
matching the limit already enforced by the public
`sd_bus_message_skip()` API. All recursive call sites pass `depth + 1`,
and the top-level caller in `message_parse_fields()` passes `0`.
Michael Vogt [Tue, 19 May 2026 18:32:41 +0000 (20:32 +0200)]
core: improve errors from varlink io.systemd.Unit.StartTransient
The existing error reporting for the varlink `StartTransient` code
was converting all errors into `VARLINK_ERROR_UNIT_BAD_SETTING`.
This is not correct in some cases, we need to have a more targted
pattern here, i.e. only convert EINVAL to VARLINK_ERROR_UNIT_BAD_SETTING
and otherwise return the matching varlink error from the errno instead.
This commit fixes this issue. Thanks to Ivan Kruglov for raising
this.
Yu Watanabe [Wed, 20 May 2026 01:08:11 +0000 (10:08 +0900)]
tree-wide: move static dl handles into their dlopen_*() functions (#42168)
Each dlopen_*() wrapper kept its dl handle as a file-scope
'static void *xxx_dl = NULL;' even though only the wrapper itself
ever referenced it. Move each one inside the corresponding function
so its scope matches its actual use, leaving the rest of each
translation unit free of the unused file-scope name.
In pcre2-util.c the assert(pcre2_dl) in pattern_matches_and_log()
becomes assert(sym_pcre2_match), which carries the same invariant
(pattern_compile_and_log() ran dlopen_pcre2()).
Luca Boccassi [Tue, 19 May 2026 21:42:25 +0000 (22:42 +0100)]
test: switch TEST-55-OOMD stress-ng --vm-method to lfsr32
Commit 881e4717c7 ("test: pin stress-ng --vm-method to a portable
scalar method in TEST-55-OOMD") pinned --vm-method=zero-one with the
rationale that it is "a long-standing scalar method". That rationale is
wrong: stress_vm_zero_one() in stress-ng's stress-vm.c is declared
i.e. it carries the exact same TARGET_CLONES attribute as 33 of the 35
other vm methods. On x86_64 with GCC >=5, TARGET_CLONES expands (see
core-target-clones.h in stress-ng) to a target_clones attribute
including "arch=skylake-avx512", "arch=cooperlake", "arch=tigerlake",
"arch=sapphirerapids", and several other AVX-512-bearing arch variants,
plus "default". GCC generates AVX-512 clones of stress_vm_zero_one() and
the IFUNC resolver picks them on any CPU that advertises AVX-512.
The only vm methods in stress-ng's registry whose function definitions
omit TARGET_CLONES entirely (and are therefore guaranteed not to
dispatch to an AVX-512 clone) are lfsr32 (portable, always registered)
and write64ds (x86_64-only, gated on HAVE_ASM_X86_MOVDIRI, i.e. Intel
Tremont / Tiger Lake+ MOVDIRI instruction).
Switch the four stress-ng --vm invocations in TEST-55-OOMD to
--vm-method=lfsr32 so the AVX-512 SIGILL on CPUs without AVX-512 (e.g.
AMD Zen 1-3) can no longer occur regardless of compiler version,
optimization level, or stress-ng package build.
Luca Boccassi [Tue, 19 May 2026 21:00:58 +0000 (22:00 +0100)]
test: fix race in TEST-07-PID1.socket-on-failure.sh
The test waited for the OnFailure= service's filesystem side effect
(`rmdir` of the directory) and then immediately invoked
`systemctl is-active`. Between `rmdir(2)` returning (which causes the
shell loop to exit) and PID1 reaping the child and transitioning the
oneshot service from `activating` to `active`, there is a small window
where `is-active` can observe `activating` and fail the test.
Wait directly on the unit state instead, matching the pattern used a
few lines above for the `is-failed` case.
TristanInSec [Tue, 19 May 2026 21:33:11 +0000 (17:33 -0400)]
test: add test for variant recursion depth limit in message_skip_fields()
Craft a raw D-Bus message with an unknown header field containing
BUS_CONTAINER_DEPTH+1 nested variants and verify that message parsing
rejects it with -EBADMSG rather than recursing until stack overflow.