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1 /* Handle Darwin shared libraries for GDB, the GNU Debugger.
2
3 Copyright (C) 2009-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4
5 This file is part of GDB.
6
7 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9 the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
10 (at your option) any later version.
11
12 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15 GNU General Public License for more details.
16
17 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18 along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */
19
20 #include "defs.h"
21
22 #include "symtab.h"
23 #include "bfd.h"
24 #include "symfile.h"
25 #include "objfiles.h"
26 #include "gdbcore.h"
27 #include "target.h"
28 #include "inferior.h"
29 #include "regcache.h"
30 #include "gdbthread.h"
31 #include "gdb_bfd.h"
32
33 #include "solist.h"
34 #include "solib.h"
35 #include "solib-svr4.h"
36
37 #include "bfd-target.h"
38 #include "elf-bfd.h"
39 #include "exec.h"
40 #include "auxv.h"
41 #include "mach-o.h"
42 #include "mach-o/external.h"
43
44 struct gdb_dyld_image_info
45 {
46 /* Base address (which corresponds to the Mach-O header). */
47 CORE_ADDR mach_header;
48 /* Image file path. */
49 CORE_ADDR file_path;
50 /* st.m_time of image file. */
51 unsigned long mtime;
52 };
53
54 /* Content of inferior dyld_all_image_infos structure.
55 See /usr/include/mach-o/dyld_images.h for the documentation. */
56 struct gdb_dyld_all_image_infos
57 {
58 /* Version (1). */
59 unsigned int version;
60 /* Number of images. */
61 unsigned int count;
62 /* Image description. */
63 CORE_ADDR info;
64 /* Notifier (function called when a library is added or removed). */
65 CORE_ADDR notifier;
66 };
67
68 /* Current all_image_infos version. */
69 #define DYLD_VERSION_MIN 1
70 #define DYLD_VERSION_MAX 15
71
72 /* Per PSPACE specific data. */
73 struct darwin_info
74 {
75 /* Address of structure dyld_all_image_infos in inferior. */
76 CORE_ADDR all_image_addr = 0;
77
78 /* Gdb copy of dyld_all_info_infos. */
79 struct gdb_dyld_all_image_infos all_image {};
80 };
81
82 /* Per-program-space data key. */
83 static program_space_key<darwin_info> solib_darwin_pspace_data;
84
85 /* Get the current darwin data. If none is found yet, add it now. This
86 function always returns a valid object. */
87
88 static struct darwin_info *
89 get_darwin_info (void)
90 {
91 struct darwin_info *info;
92
93 info = solib_darwin_pspace_data.get (current_program_space);
94 if (info != NULL)
95 return info;
96
97 return solib_darwin_pspace_data.emplace (current_program_space);
98 }
99
100 /* Return non-zero if the version in dyld_all_image is known. */
101
102 static int
103 darwin_dyld_version_ok (const struct darwin_info *info)
104 {
105 return info->all_image.version >= DYLD_VERSION_MIN
106 && info->all_image.version <= DYLD_VERSION_MAX;
107 }
108
109 /* Read dyld_all_image from inferior. */
110
111 static void
112 darwin_load_image_infos (struct darwin_info *info)
113 {
114 gdb_byte buf[24];
115 enum bfd_endian byte_order = gdbarch_byte_order (target_gdbarch ());
116 struct type *ptr_type = builtin_type (target_gdbarch ())->builtin_data_ptr;
117 int len;
118
119 /* If the structure address is not known, don't continue. */
120 if (info->all_image_addr == 0)
121 return;
122
123 /* The structure has 4 fields: version (4 bytes), count (4 bytes),
124 info (pointer) and notifier (pointer). */
125 len = 4 + 4 + 2 * TYPE_LENGTH (ptr_type);
126 gdb_assert (len <= sizeof (buf));
127 memset (&info->all_image, 0, sizeof (info->all_image));
128
129 /* Read structure raw bytes from target. */
130 if (target_read_memory (info->all_image_addr, buf, len))
131 return;
132
133 /* Extract the fields. */
134 info->all_image.version = extract_unsigned_integer (buf, 4, byte_order);
135 if (!darwin_dyld_version_ok (info))
136 return;
137
138 info->all_image.count = extract_unsigned_integer (buf + 4, 4, byte_order);
139 info->all_image.info = extract_typed_address (buf + 8, ptr_type);
140 info->all_image.notifier = extract_typed_address
141 (buf + 8 + TYPE_LENGTH (ptr_type), ptr_type);
142 }
143
144 /* Link map info to include in an allocated so_list entry. */
145
146 struct lm_info_darwin : public lm_info_base
147 {
148 /* The target location of lm. */
149 CORE_ADDR lm_addr = 0;
150 };
151
152 /* Lookup the value for a specific symbol. */
153
154 static CORE_ADDR
155 lookup_symbol_from_bfd (bfd *abfd, const char *symname)
156 {
157 long storage_needed;
158 asymbol **symbol_table;
159 unsigned int number_of_symbols;
160 unsigned int i;
161 CORE_ADDR symaddr = 0;
162
163 storage_needed = bfd_get_symtab_upper_bound (abfd);
164
165 if (storage_needed <= 0)
166 return 0;
167
168 symbol_table = (asymbol **) xmalloc (storage_needed);
169 number_of_symbols = bfd_canonicalize_symtab (abfd, symbol_table);
170
171 for (i = 0; i < number_of_symbols; i++)
172 {
173 asymbol *sym = symbol_table[i];
174
175 if (strcmp (sym->name, symname) == 0
176 && (sym->section->flags & (SEC_CODE | SEC_DATA)) != 0)
177 {
178 /* BFD symbols are section relative. */
179 symaddr = sym->value + sym->section->vma;
180 break;
181 }
182 }
183 xfree (symbol_table);
184
185 return symaddr;
186 }
187
188 /* Return program interpreter string. */
189
190 static char *
191 find_program_interpreter (void)
192 {
193 char *buf = NULL;
194
195 /* If we have an exec_bfd, get the interpreter from the load commands. */
196 if (exec_bfd)
197 {
198 bfd_mach_o_load_command *cmd;
199
200 if (bfd_mach_o_lookup_command (exec_bfd,
201 BFD_MACH_O_LC_LOAD_DYLINKER, &cmd) == 1)
202 return cmd->command.dylinker.name_str;
203 }
204
205 /* If we didn't find it, read from memory.
206 FIXME: todo. */
207 return buf;
208 }
209
210 /* Not used. I don't see how the main symbol file can be found: the
211 interpreter name is needed and it is known from the executable file.
212 Note that darwin-nat.c implements pid_to_exec_file. */
213
214 static int
215 open_symbol_file_object (int from_tty)
216 {
217 return 0;
218 }
219
220 /* Build a list of currently loaded shared objects. See solib-svr4.c. */
221
222 static struct so_list *
223 darwin_current_sos (void)
224 {
225 struct type *ptr_type = builtin_type (target_gdbarch ())->builtin_data_ptr;
226 enum bfd_endian byte_order = type_byte_order (ptr_type);
227 int ptr_len = TYPE_LENGTH (ptr_type);
228 unsigned int image_info_size;
229 struct so_list *head = NULL;
230 struct so_list *tail = NULL;
231 int i;
232 struct darwin_info *info = get_darwin_info ();
233
234 /* Be sure image infos are loaded. */
235 darwin_load_image_infos (info);
236
237 if (!darwin_dyld_version_ok (info))
238 return NULL;
239
240 image_info_size = ptr_len * 3;
241
242 /* Read infos for each solib.
243 The first entry was rumored to be the executable itself, but this is not
244 true when a large number of shared libraries are used (table expanded ?).
245 We now check all entries, but discard executable images. */
246 for (i = 0; i < info->all_image.count; i++)
247 {
248 CORE_ADDR iinfo = info->all_image.info + i * image_info_size;
249 gdb_byte buf[image_info_size];
250 CORE_ADDR load_addr;
251 CORE_ADDR path_addr;
252 struct mach_o_header_external hdr;
253 unsigned long hdr_val;
254
255 /* Read image info from inferior. */
256 if (target_read_memory (iinfo, buf, image_info_size))
257 break;
258
259 load_addr = extract_typed_address (buf, ptr_type);
260 path_addr = extract_typed_address (buf + ptr_len, ptr_type);
261
262 /* Read Mach-O header from memory. */
263 if (target_read_memory (load_addr, (gdb_byte *) &hdr, sizeof (hdr) - 4))
264 break;
265 /* Discard wrong magic numbers. Shouldn't happen. */
266 hdr_val = extract_unsigned_integer
267 (hdr.magic, sizeof (hdr.magic), byte_order);
268 if (hdr_val != BFD_MACH_O_MH_MAGIC && hdr_val != BFD_MACH_O_MH_MAGIC_64)
269 continue;
270 /* Discard executable. Should happen only once. */
271 hdr_val = extract_unsigned_integer
272 (hdr.filetype, sizeof (hdr.filetype), byte_order);
273 if (hdr_val == BFD_MACH_O_MH_EXECUTE)
274 continue;
275
276 gdb::unique_xmalloc_ptr<char> file_path
277 = target_read_string (path_addr, SO_NAME_MAX_PATH_SIZE - 1);
278 if (file_path == nullptr)
279 break;
280
281 /* Create and fill the new so_list element. */
282 gdb::unique_xmalloc_ptr<struct so_list> newobj (XCNEW (struct so_list));
283
284 lm_info_darwin *li = new lm_info_darwin;
285 newobj->lm_info = li;
286
287 strncpy (newobj->so_name, file_path.get (), SO_NAME_MAX_PATH_SIZE - 1);
288 newobj->so_name[SO_NAME_MAX_PATH_SIZE - 1] = '\0';
289 strcpy (newobj->so_original_name, newobj->so_name);
290 li->lm_addr = load_addr;
291
292 if (head == NULL)
293 head = newobj.get ();
294 else
295 tail->next = newobj.get ();
296 tail = newobj.release ();
297 }
298
299 return head;
300 }
301
302 /* Check LOAD_ADDR points to a Mach-O executable header. Return LOAD_ADDR
303 in case of success, 0 in case of failure. */
304
305 static CORE_ADDR
306 darwin_validate_exec_header (CORE_ADDR load_addr)
307 {
308 enum bfd_endian byte_order = gdbarch_byte_order (target_gdbarch ());
309 struct mach_o_header_external hdr;
310 unsigned long hdr_val;
311
312 /* Read Mach-O header from memory. */
313 if (target_read_memory (load_addr, (gdb_byte *) &hdr, sizeof (hdr) - 4))
314 return 0;
315
316 /* Discard wrong magic numbers. Shouldn't happen. */
317 hdr_val = extract_unsigned_integer
318 (hdr.magic, sizeof (hdr.magic), byte_order);
319 if (hdr_val != BFD_MACH_O_MH_MAGIC && hdr_val != BFD_MACH_O_MH_MAGIC_64)
320 return 0;
321
322 /* Check executable. */
323 hdr_val = extract_unsigned_integer
324 (hdr.filetype, sizeof (hdr.filetype), byte_order);
325 if (hdr_val == BFD_MACH_O_MH_EXECUTE)
326 return load_addr;
327
328 return 0;
329 }
330
331 /* Get the load address of the executable using dyld list of images.
332 We assume that the dyld info are correct (which is wrong if the target
333 is stopped at the first instruction). */
334
335 static CORE_ADDR
336 darwin_read_exec_load_addr_from_dyld (struct darwin_info *info)
337 {
338 struct type *ptr_type = builtin_type (target_gdbarch ())->builtin_data_ptr;
339 int ptr_len = TYPE_LENGTH (ptr_type);
340 unsigned int image_info_size = ptr_len * 3;
341 int i;
342
343 /* Read infos for each solib. One of them should be the executable. */
344 for (i = 0; i < info->all_image.count; i++)
345 {
346 CORE_ADDR iinfo = info->all_image.info + i * image_info_size;
347 gdb_byte buf[image_info_size];
348 CORE_ADDR load_addr;
349
350 /* Read image info from inferior. */
351 if (target_read_memory (iinfo, buf, image_info_size))
352 break;
353
354 load_addr = extract_typed_address (buf, ptr_type);
355 if (darwin_validate_exec_header (load_addr) == load_addr)
356 return load_addr;
357 }
358
359 return 0;
360 }
361
362 /* Get the load address of the executable when the PC is at the dyld
363 entry point using parameter passed by the kernel (at SP). */
364
365 static CORE_ADDR
366 darwin_read_exec_load_addr_at_init (struct darwin_info *info)
367 {
368 struct gdbarch *gdbarch = target_gdbarch ();
369 enum bfd_endian byte_order = gdbarch_byte_order (gdbarch);
370 int addr_size = gdbarch_addr_bit (gdbarch) / 8;
371 ULONGEST load_ptr_addr;
372 ULONGEST load_addr;
373 gdb_byte buf[8];
374
375 /* Get SP. */
376 if (regcache_cooked_read_unsigned (get_current_regcache (),
377 gdbarch_sp_regnum (gdbarch),
378 &load_ptr_addr) != REG_VALID)
379 return 0;
380
381 /* Read value at SP (image load address). */
382 if (target_read_memory (load_ptr_addr, buf, addr_size))
383 return 0;
384
385 load_addr = extract_unsigned_integer (buf, addr_size, byte_order);
386
387 return darwin_validate_exec_header (load_addr);
388 }
389
390 /* Return 1 if PC lies in the dynamic symbol resolution code of the
391 run time loader. */
392
393 static int
394 darwin_in_dynsym_resolve_code (CORE_ADDR pc)
395 {
396 return 0;
397 }
398
399 /* A wrapper for bfd_mach_o_fat_extract that handles reference
400 counting properly. This will either return NULL, or return a new
401 reference to a BFD. */
402
403 static gdb_bfd_ref_ptr
404 gdb_bfd_mach_o_fat_extract (bfd *abfd, bfd_format format,
405 const bfd_arch_info_type *arch)
406 {
407 bfd *result = bfd_mach_o_fat_extract (abfd, format, arch);
408
409 if (result == NULL)
410 return NULL;
411
412 if (result == abfd)
413 gdb_bfd_ref (result);
414 else
415 gdb_bfd_mark_parent (result, abfd);
416
417 return gdb_bfd_ref_ptr (result);
418 }
419
420 /* Return the BFD for the program interpreter. */
421
422 static gdb_bfd_ref_ptr
423 darwin_get_dyld_bfd ()
424 {
425 char *interp_name;
426
427 /* This method doesn't work with an attached process. */
428 if (current_inferior ()->attach_flag)
429 return NULL;
430
431 /* Find the program interpreter. */
432 interp_name = find_program_interpreter ();
433 if (!interp_name)
434 return NULL;
435
436 /* Create a bfd for the interpreter. */
437 gdb_bfd_ref_ptr dyld_bfd (gdb_bfd_open (interp_name, gnutarget));
438 if (dyld_bfd != NULL)
439 {
440 gdb_bfd_ref_ptr sub
441 (gdb_bfd_mach_o_fat_extract (dyld_bfd.get (), bfd_object,
442 gdbarch_bfd_arch_info (target_gdbarch ())));
443 dyld_bfd = sub;
444 }
445 return dyld_bfd;
446 }
447
448 /* Extract dyld_all_image_addr when the process was just created, assuming the
449 current PC is at the entry of the dynamic linker. */
450
451 static void
452 darwin_solib_get_all_image_info_addr_at_init (struct darwin_info *info)
453 {
454 CORE_ADDR load_addr = 0;
455 gdb_bfd_ref_ptr dyld_bfd = darwin_get_dyld_bfd ();
456
457 if (dyld_bfd == NULL)
458 return;
459
460 /* We find the dynamic linker's base address by examining
461 the current pc (which should point at the entry point for the
462 dynamic linker) and subtracting the offset of the entry point. */
463 load_addr = (regcache_read_pc (get_current_regcache ())
464 - bfd_get_start_address (dyld_bfd.get ()));
465
466 /* Now try to set a breakpoint in the dynamic linker. */
467 info->all_image_addr =
468 lookup_symbol_from_bfd (dyld_bfd.get (), "_dyld_all_image_infos");
469
470 if (info->all_image_addr == 0)
471 return;
472
473 info->all_image_addr += load_addr;
474 }
475
476 /* Extract dyld_all_image_addr reading it from
477 TARGET_OBJECT_DARWIN_DYLD_INFO. */
478
479 static void
480 darwin_solib_read_all_image_info_addr (struct darwin_info *info)
481 {
482 gdb_byte buf[8];
483 LONGEST len;
484 struct type *ptr_type = builtin_type (target_gdbarch ())->builtin_data_ptr;
485
486 /* Sanity check. */
487 if (TYPE_LENGTH (ptr_type) > sizeof (buf))
488 return;
489
490 len = target_read (current_top_target (), TARGET_OBJECT_DARWIN_DYLD_INFO,
491 NULL, buf, 0, TYPE_LENGTH (ptr_type));
492 if (len <= 0)
493 return;
494
495 /* The use of BIG endian is intended, as BUF is a raw stream of bytes. This
496 makes the support of remote protocol easier. */
497 info->all_image_addr = extract_unsigned_integer (buf, len, BFD_ENDIAN_BIG);
498 }
499
500 /* Shared library startup support. See documentation in solib-svr4.c. */
501
502 static void
503 darwin_solib_create_inferior_hook (int from_tty)
504 {
505 struct darwin_info *info = get_darwin_info ();
506 CORE_ADDR load_addr;
507
508 info->all_image_addr = 0;
509
510 darwin_solib_read_all_image_info_addr (info);
511
512 if (info->all_image_addr == 0)
513 darwin_solib_get_all_image_info_addr_at_init (info);
514
515 if (info->all_image_addr == 0)
516 return;
517
518 darwin_load_image_infos (info);
519
520 if (!darwin_dyld_version_ok (info))
521 {
522 warning (_("unhandled dyld version (%d)"), info->all_image.version);
523 return;
524 }
525
526 if (info->all_image.count != 0)
527 {
528 /* Possible relocate the main executable (PIE). */
529 load_addr = darwin_read_exec_load_addr_from_dyld (info);
530 }
531 else
532 {
533 /* Possible issue:
534 Do not break on the notifier if dyld is not initialized (deduced from
535 count == 0). In that case, dyld hasn't relocated itself and the
536 notifier may point to a wrong address. */
537
538 load_addr = darwin_read_exec_load_addr_at_init (info);
539 }
540
541 if (load_addr != 0 && symfile_objfile != NULL)
542 {
543 CORE_ADDR vmaddr;
544
545 /* Find the base address of the executable. */
546 vmaddr = bfd_mach_o_get_base_address (exec_bfd);
547
548 /* Relocate. */
549 if (vmaddr != load_addr)
550 objfile_rebase (symfile_objfile, load_addr - vmaddr);
551 }
552
553 /* Set solib notifier (to reload list of shared libraries). */
554 CORE_ADDR notifier = info->all_image.notifier;
555
556 if (info->all_image.count == 0)
557 {
558 /* Dyld hasn't yet relocated itself, so the notifier address may
559 be incorrect (as it has to be relocated). */
560 CORE_ADDR start = bfd_get_start_address (exec_bfd);
561 if (start == 0)
562 notifier = 0;
563 else
564 {
565 gdb_bfd_ref_ptr dyld_bfd = darwin_get_dyld_bfd ();
566 if (dyld_bfd != NULL)
567 {
568 CORE_ADDR dyld_bfd_start_address;
569 CORE_ADDR dyld_relocated_base_address;
570 CORE_ADDR pc;
571
572 dyld_bfd_start_address = bfd_get_start_address (dyld_bfd.get());
573
574 /* We find the dynamic linker's base address by examining
575 the current pc (which should point at the entry point
576 for the dynamic linker) and subtracting the offset of
577 the entry point. */
578
579 pc = regcache_read_pc (get_current_regcache ());
580 dyld_relocated_base_address = pc - dyld_bfd_start_address;
581
582 /* We get the proper notifier relocated address by
583 adding the dyld relocated base address to the current
584 notifier offset value. */
585
586 notifier += dyld_relocated_base_address;
587 }
588 }
589 }
590
591 /* Add the breakpoint which is hit by dyld when the list of solib is
592 modified. */
593 if (notifier != 0)
594 create_solib_event_breakpoint (target_gdbarch (), notifier);
595 }
596
597 static void
598 darwin_clear_solib (void)
599 {
600 struct darwin_info *info = get_darwin_info ();
601
602 info->all_image_addr = 0;
603 info->all_image.version = 0;
604 }
605
606 static void
607 darwin_free_so (struct so_list *so)
608 {
609 lm_info_darwin *li = (lm_info_darwin *) so->lm_info;
610
611 delete li;
612 }
613
614 /* The section table is built from bfd sections using bfd VMAs.
615 Relocate these VMAs according to solib info. */
616
617 static void
618 darwin_relocate_section_addresses (struct so_list *so,
619 struct target_section *sec)
620 {
621 lm_info_darwin *li = (lm_info_darwin *) so->lm_info;
622
623 sec->addr += li->lm_addr;
624 sec->endaddr += li->lm_addr;
625
626 /* Best effort to set addr_high/addr_low. This is used only by
627 'info sharedlibary'. */
628 if (so->addr_high == 0)
629 {
630 so->addr_low = sec->addr;
631 so->addr_high = sec->endaddr;
632 }
633 if (sec->endaddr > so->addr_high)
634 so->addr_high = sec->endaddr;
635 if (sec->addr < so->addr_low)
636 so->addr_low = sec->addr;
637 }
638 \f
639 static gdb_bfd_ref_ptr
640 darwin_bfd_open (const char *pathname)
641 {
642 int found_file;
643
644 /* Search for shared library file. */
645 gdb::unique_xmalloc_ptr<char> found_pathname
646 = solib_find (pathname, &found_file);
647 if (found_pathname == NULL)
648 perror_with_name (pathname);
649
650 /* Open bfd for shared library. */
651 gdb_bfd_ref_ptr abfd (solib_bfd_fopen (found_pathname.get (), found_file));
652
653 gdb_bfd_ref_ptr res
654 (gdb_bfd_mach_o_fat_extract (abfd.get (), bfd_object,
655 gdbarch_bfd_arch_info (target_gdbarch ())));
656 if (res == NULL)
657 error (_("`%s': not a shared-library: %s"),
658 bfd_get_filename (abfd.get ()), bfd_errmsg (bfd_get_error ()));
659
660 /* The current filename for fat-binary BFDs is a name generated
661 by BFD, usually a string containing the name of the architecture.
662 Reset its value to the actual filename. */
663 bfd_set_filename (res.get (), pathname);
664
665 return res;
666 }
667
668 struct target_so_ops darwin_so_ops;
669
670 void _initialize_darwin_solib ();
671 void
672 _initialize_darwin_solib ()
673 {
674 darwin_so_ops.relocate_section_addresses = darwin_relocate_section_addresses;
675 darwin_so_ops.free_so = darwin_free_so;
676 darwin_so_ops.clear_solib = darwin_clear_solib;
677 darwin_so_ops.solib_create_inferior_hook = darwin_solib_create_inferior_hook;
678 darwin_so_ops.current_sos = darwin_current_sos;
679 darwin_so_ops.open_symbol_file_object = open_symbol_file_object;
680 darwin_so_ops.in_dynsym_resolve_code = darwin_in_dynsym_resolve_code;
681 darwin_so_ops.bfd_open = darwin_bfd_open;
682 }