[thirdparty/systemd.git] / src / basic / macro.h

/* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1+ */
#pragma once

#include <assert.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/sysmacros.h>
#include <sys/types.h>

#define _printf_(a, b) __attribute__((__format__(printf, a, b)))
#ifdef __clang__
#  define _alloc_(...)
#else
#  define _alloc_(...) __attribute__((__alloc_size__(__VA_ARGS__)))
#endif
#define _sentinel_ __attribute__((__sentinel__))
#define _section_(x) __attribute__((__section__(x)))
#define _used_ __attribute__((__used__))
#define _unused_ __attribute__((__unused__))
#define _destructor_ __attribute__((__destructor__))
#define _pure_ __attribute__((__pure__))
#define _const_ __attribute__((__const__))
#define _deprecated_ __attribute__((__deprecated__))
#define _packed_ __attribute__((__packed__))
#define _malloc_ __attribute__((__malloc__))
#define _weak_ __attribute__((__weak__))
#define _likely_(x) (__builtin_expect(!!(x), 1))
#define _unlikely_(x) (__builtin_expect(!!(x), 0))
#define _public_ __attribute__((__visibility__("default")))
#define _hidden_ __attribute__((__visibility__("hidden")))
#define _weakref_(x) __attribute__((__weakref__(#x)))
#define _align_(x) __attribute__((__aligned__(x)))
#define _alignas_(x) __attribute__((__aligned__(__alignof(x))))
#define _alignptr_ __attribute__((__aligned__(sizeof(void*))))
#define _cleanup_(x) __attribute__((__cleanup__(x)))
#if __GNUC__ >= 7
#define _fallthrough_ __attribute__((__fallthrough__))
#else
#define _fallthrough_
#endif
/* Define C11 noreturn without <stdnoreturn.h> and even on older gcc
 * compiler versions */
#ifndef _noreturn_
#if __STDC_VERSION__ >= 201112L
#define _noreturn_ _Noreturn
#else
#define _noreturn_ __attribute__((__noreturn__))
#endif
#endif

#if !defined(HAS_FEATURE_MEMORY_SANITIZER)
#  if defined(__has_feature)
#    if __has_feature(memory_sanitizer)
#      define HAS_FEATURE_MEMORY_SANITIZER 1
#    endif
#  endif
#  if !defined(HAS_FEATURE_MEMORY_SANITIZER)
#    define HAS_FEATURE_MEMORY_SANITIZER 0
#  endif
#endif

#if !defined(HAS_FEATURE_ADDRESS_SANITIZER)
#  ifdef __SANITIZE_ADDRESS__
#      define HAS_FEATURE_ADDRESS_SANITIZER 1
#  elif defined(__has_feature)
#    if __has_feature(address_sanitizer)
#      define HAS_FEATURE_ADDRESS_SANITIZER 1
#    endif
#  endif
#  if !defined(HAS_FEATURE_ADDRESS_SANITIZER)
#    define HAS_FEATURE_ADDRESS_SANITIZER 0
#  endif
#endif

/* Note: on GCC "no_sanitize_address" is a function attribute only, on llvm it may also be applied to global
 * variables. We define a specific macro which knows this. Note that on GCC we don't need this decorator so much, since
 * our primary usecase for this attribute is registration structures placed in named ELF sections which shall not be
 * padded, but GCC doesn't pad those anyway if AddressSanitizer is enabled. */
#if HAS_FEATURE_ADDRESS_SANITIZER && defined(__clang__)
#define _variable_no_sanitize_address_ __attribute__((__no_sanitize_address__))
#else
#define _variable_no_sanitize_address_
#endif

/* Apparently there's no has_feature() call defined to check for ubsan, hence let's define this
 * unconditionally on llvm */
#if defined(__clang__)
#define _function_no_sanitize_float_cast_overflow_ __attribute__((no_sanitize("float-cast-overflow")))
#else
#define _function_no_sanitize_float_cast_overflow_
#endif

/* Temporarily disable some warnings */
#define DISABLE_WARNING_FORMAT_NONLITERAL                               \
        _Pragma("GCC diagnostic push");                                 \
        _Pragma("GCC diagnostic ignored \"-Wformat-nonliteral\"")

#define DISABLE_WARNING_MISSING_PROTOTYPES                              \
        _Pragma("GCC diagnostic push");                                 \
        _Pragma("GCC diagnostic ignored \"-Wmissing-prototypes\"")

#define DISABLE_WARNING_NONNULL                                         \
        _Pragma("GCC diagnostic push");                                 \
        _Pragma("GCC diagnostic ignored \"-Wnonnull\"")

#define DISABLE_WARNING_SHADOW                                          \
        _Pragma("GCC diagnostic push");                                 \
        _Pragma("GCC diagnostic ignored \"-Wshadow\"")

#define DISABLE_WARNING_INCOMPATIBLE_POINTER_TYPES                      \
        _Pragma("GCC diagnostic push");                                 \
        _Pragma("GCC diagnostic ignored \"-Wincompatible-pointer-types\"")

#if HAVE_WSTRINGOP_TRUNCATION
#  define DISABLE_WARNING_STRINGOP_TRUNCATION                           \
        _Pragma("GCC diagnostic push");                                 \
        _Pragma("GCC diagnostic ignored \"-Wstringop-truncation\"")
#else
#  define DISABLE_WARNING_STRINGOP_TRUNCATION                           \
        _Pragma("GCC diagnostic push")
#endif

#define DISABLE_WARNING_FLOAT_EQUAL \
        _Pragma("GCC diagnostic push");                                 \
        _Pragma("GCC diagnostic ignored \"-Wfloat-equal\"")

#define DISABLE_WARNING_TYPE_LIMITS \
        _Pragma("GCC diagnostic push");                                 \
        _Pragma("GCC diagnostic ignored \"-Wtype-limits\"")

#define REENABLE_WARNING                                                \
        _Pragma("GCC diagnostic pop")

/* automake test harness */
#define EXIT_TEST_SKIP 77

#define XSTRINGIFY(x) #x
#define STRINGIFY(x) XSTRINGIFY(x)

#define XCONCATENATE(x, y) x ## y
#define CONCATENATE(x, y) XCONCATENATE(x, y)

#define UNIQ_T(x, uniq) CONCATENATE(__unique_prefix_, CONCATENATE(x, uniq))
#define UNIQ __COUNTER__

/* builtins */
#if __SIZEOF_INT__ == 4
#define BUILTIN_FFS_U32(x) __builtin_ffs(x);
#elif __SIZEOF_LONG__ == 4
#define BUILTIN_FFS_U32(x) __builtin_ffsl(x);
#else
#error "neither int nor long are four bytes long?!?"
#endif

/* Rounds up */

#define ALIGN4(l) (((l) + 3) & ~3)
#define ALIGN8(l) (((l) + 7) & ~7)

#if __SIZEOF_POINTER__ == 8
#define ALIGN(l) ALIGN8(l)
#elif __SIZEOF_POINTER__ == 4
#define ALIGN(l) ALIGN4(l)
#else
#error "Wut? Pointers are neither 4 nor 8 bytes long?"
#endif

#define ALIGN_PTR(p) ((void*) ALIGN((unsigned long) (p)))
#define ALIGN4_PTR(p) ((void*) ALIGN4((unsigned long) (p)))
#define ALIGN8_PTR(p) ((void*) ALIGN8((unsigned long) (p)))

static inline size_t ALIGN_TO(size_t l, size_t ali) {
        return ((l + ali - 1) & ~(ali - 1));
}

#define ALIGN_TO_PTR(p, ali) ((void*) ALIGN_TO((unsigned long) (p), (ali)))

/* align to next higher power-of-2 (except for: 0 => 0, overflow => 0) */
static inline unsigned long ALIGN_POWER2(unsigned long u) {

        /* Avoid subtraction overflow */
        if (u == 0)
                return 0;

        /* clz(0) is undefined */
        if (u == 1)
                return 1;

        /* left-shift overflow is undefined */
        if (__builtin_clzl(u - 1UL) < 1)
                return 0;

        return 1UL << (sizeof(u) * 8 - __builtin_clzl(u - 1UL));
}

static inline size_t GREEDY_ALLOC_ROUND_UP(size_t l) {
        size_t m;

        /* Round up allocation sizes a bit to some reasonable, likely larger value. This is supposed to be
         * used for cases which are likely called in an allocation loop of some form, i.e. that repetitively
         * grow stuff, for example strv_extend() and suchlike.
         *
         * Note the difference to GREEDY_REALLOC() here, as this helper operates on a single size value only,
         * and rounds up to next multiple of 2, needing no further counter.
         *
         * Note the benefits of direct ALIGN_POWER2() usage: type-safety for size_t, sane handling for very
         * small (i.e. <= 2) and safe handling for very large (i.e. > SSIZE_MAX) values. */

        if (l <= 2)
                return 2; /* Never allocate less than 2 of something.  */

        m = ALIGN_POWER2(l);
        if (m == 0) /* overflow? */
                return l;

        return m;
}

#ifndef __COVERITY__
#  define VOID_0 ((void)0)
#else
#  define VOID_0 ((void*)0)
#endif

#define ELEMENTSOF(x)                                                   \
        (__builtin_choose_expr(                                         \
                !__builtin_types_compatible_p(typeof(x), typeof(&*(x))), \
                sizeof(x)/sizeof((x)[0]),                               \
                VOID_0))

/*
 * STRLEN - return the length of a string literal, minus the trailing NUL byte.
 *          Contrary to strlen(), this is a constant expression.
 * @x: a string literal.
 */
#define STRLEN(x) (sizeof(""x"") - 1)

/*
 * container_of - cast a member of a structure out to the containing structure
 * @ptr: the pointer to the member.
 * @type: the type of the container struct this is embedded in.
 * @member: the name of the member within the struct.
 */
#define container_of(ptr, type, member) __container_of(UNIQ, (ptr), type, member)
#define __container_of(uniq, ptr, type, member)                         \
        ({                                                              \
                const typeof( ((type*)0)->member ) *UNIQ_T(A, uniq) = (ptr); \
                (type*)( (char *)UNIQ_T(A, uniq) - offsetof(type, member) ); \
        })

#undef MAX
#define MAX(a, b) __MAX(UNIQ, (a), UNIQ, (b))
#define __MAX(aq, a, bq, b)                             \
        ({                                              \
                const typeof(a) UNIQ_T(A, aq) = (a);    \
                const typeof(b) UNIQ_T(B, bq) = (b);    \
                UNIQ_T(A, aq) > UNIQ_T(B, bq) ? UNIQ_T(A, aq) : UNIQ_T(B, bq); \
        })

/* evaluates to (void) if _A or _B are not constant or of different types */
#define CONST_MAX(_A, _B) \
        (__builtin_choose_expr(                                         \
                __builtin_constant_p(_A) &&                             \
                __builtin_constant_p(_B) &&                             \
                __builtin_types_compatible_p(typeof(_A), typeof(_B)),   \
                ((_A) > (_B)) ? (_A) : (_B),                            \
                VOID_0))

/* takes two types and returns the size of the larger one */
#define MAXSIZE(A, B) (sizeof(union _packed_ { typeof(A) a; typeof(B) b; }))

#define MAX3(x, y, z)                                   \
        ({                                              \
                const typeof(x) _c = MAX(x, y);         \
                MAX(_c, z);                             \
        })

#undef MIN
#define MIN(a, b) __MIN(UNIQ, (a), UNIQ, (b))
#define __MIN(aq, a, bq, b)                             \
        ({                                              \
                const typeof(a) UNIQ_T(A, aq) = (a);    \
                const typeof(b) UNIQ_T(B, bq) = (b);    \
                UNIQ_T(A, aq) < UNIQ_T(B, bq) ? UNIQ_T(A, aq) : UNIQ_T(B, bq); \
        })

#define MIN3(x, y, z)                                   \
        ({                                              \
                const typeof(x) _c = MIN(x, y);         \
                MIN(_c, z);                             \
        })

#define LESS_BY(a, b) __LESS_BY(UNIQ, (a), UNIQ, (b))
#define __LESS_BY(aq, a, bq, b)                         \
        ({                                              \
                const typeof(a) UNIQ_T(A, aq) = (a);    \
                const typeof(b) UNIQ_T(B, bq) = (b);    \
                UNIQ_T(A, aq) > UNIQ_T(B, bq) ? UNIQ_T(A, aq) - UNIQ_T(B, bq) : 0; \
        })

#define CMP(a, b) __CMP(UNIQ, (a), UNIQ, (b))
#define __CMP(aq, a, bq, b)                             \
        ({                                              \
                const typeof(a) UNIQ_T(A, aq) = (a);    \
                const typeof(b) UNIQ_T(B, bq) = (b);    \
                UNIQ_T(A, aq) < UNIQ_T(B, bq) ? -1 :    \
                UNIQ_T(A, aq) > UNIQ_T(B, bq) ? 1 : 0;  \
        })

#undef CLAMP
#define CLAMP(x, low, high) __CLAMP(UNIQ, (x), UNIQ, (low), UNIQ, (high))
#define __CLAMP(xq, x, lowq, low, highq, high)                          \
        ({                                                              \
                const typeof(x) UNIQ_T(X, xq) = (x);                    \
                const typeof(low) UNIQ_T(LOW, lowq) = (low);            \
                const typeof(high) UNIQ_T(HIGH, highq) = (high);        \
                        UNIQ_T(X, xq) > UNIQ_T(HIGH, highq) ?           \
                                UNIQ_T(HIGH, highq) :                   \
                                UNIQ_T(X, xq) < UNIQ_T(LOW, lowq) ?     \
                                        UNIQ_T(LOW, lowq) :             \
                                        UNIQ_T(X, xq);                  \
        })

/* [(x + y - 1) / y] suffers from an integer overflow, even though the
 * computation should be possible in the given type. Therefore, we use
 * [x / y + !!(x % y)]. Note that on "Real CPUs" a division returns both the
 * quotient and the remainder, so both should be equally fast. */
#define DIV_ROUND_UP(x, y) __DIV_ROUND_UP(UNIQ, (x), UNIQ, (y))
#define __DIV_ROUND_UP(xq, x, yq, y)                                    \
        ({                                                              \
                const typeof(x) UNIQ_T(X, xq) = (x);                    \
                const typeof(y) UNIQ_T(Y, yq) = (y);                    \
                (UNIQ_T(X, xq) / UNIQ_T(Y, yq) + !!(UNIQ_T(X, xq) % UNIQ_T(Y, yq))); \
        })

#ifdef __COVERITY__

/* Use special definitions of assertion macros in order to prevent
 * false positives of ASSERT_SIDE_EFFECT on Coverity static analyzer
 * for uses of assert_se() and assert_return().
 *
 * These definitions make expression go through a (trivial) function
 * call to ensure they are not discarded. Also use ! or !! to ensure
 * the boolean expressions are seen as such.
 *
 * This technique has been described and recommended in:
 * https://community.synopsys.com/s/question/0D534000046Yuzb/suppressing-assertsideeffect-for-functions-that-allow-for-sideeffects
 */

extern void __coverity_panic__(void);

static inline void __coverity_check__(int condition) {
        if (!condition)
                __coverity_panic__();
}

static inline int __coverity_check_and_return__(int condition) {
        return condition;
}

#define assert_message_se(expr, message) __coverity_check__(!!(expr))

#define assert_log(expr, message) __coverity_check_and_return__(!!(expr))

#else  /* ! __COVERITY__ */

#define assert_message_se(expr, message)                                \
        do {                                                            \
                if (_unlikely_(!(expr)))                                \
                        log_assert_failed(message, PROJECT_FILE, __LINE__, __PRETTY_FUNCTION__); \
        } while (false)

#define assert_log(expr, message) ((_likely_(expr))                     \
        ? (true)                                                        \
        : (log_assert_failed_return(message, PROJECT_FILE, __LINE__, __PRETTY_FUNCTION__), false))

#endif  /* __COVERITY__ */

#define assert_se(expr) assert_message_se(expr, #expr)

/* We override the glibc assert() here. */
#undef assert
#ifdef NDEBUG
#define assert(expr) do {} while (false)
#else
#define assert(expr) assert_message_se(expr, #expr)
#endif

#define assert_not_reached(t)                                           \
        log_assert_failed_unreachable(t, PROJECT_FILE, __LINE__, __PRETTY_FUNCTION__)

#if defined(static_assert)
#define assert_cc(expr)                                                 \
        static_assert(expr, #expr)
#else
#define assert_cc(expr)                                                 \
        struct CONCATENATE(_assert_struct_, __COUNTER__) {              \
                char x[(expr) ? 0 : -1];                                \
        }
#endif

#define assert_return(expr, r)                                          \
        do {                                                            \
                if (!assert_log(expr, #expr))                           \
                        return (r);                                     \
        } while (false)

#define assert_return_errno(expr, r, err)                               \
        do {                                                            \
                if (!assert_log(expr, #expr)) {                         \
                        errno = err;                                    \
                        return (r);                                     \
                }                                                       \
        } while (false)

#define return_with_errno(r, err)                     \
        do {                                          \
                errno = abs(err);                     \
                return r;                             \
        } while (false)

#define PTR_TO_INT(p) ((int) ((intptr_t) (p)))
#define INT_TO_PTR(u) ((void *) ((intptr_t) (u)))
#define PTR_TO_UINT(p) ((unsigned) ((uintptr_t) (p)))
#define UINT_TO_PTR(u) ((void *) ((uintptr_t) (u)))

#define PTR_TO_LONG(p) ((long) ((intptr_t) (p)))
#define LONG_TO_PTR(u) ((void *) ((intptr_t) (u)))
#define PTR_TO_ULONG(p) ((unsigned long) ((uintptr_t) (p)))
#define ULONG_TO_PTR(u) ((void *) ((uintptr_t) (u)))

#define PTR_TO_INT32(p) ((int32_t) ((intptr_t) (p)))
#define INT32_TO_PTR(u) ((void *) ((intptr_t) (u)))
#define PTR_TO_UINT32(p) ((uint32_t) ((uintptr_t) (p)))
#define UINT32_TO_PTR(u) ((void *) ((uintptr_t) (u)))

#define PTR_TO_INT64(p) ((int64_t) ((intptr_t) (p)))
#define INT64_TO_PTR(u) ((void *) ((intptr_t) (u)))
#define PTR_TO_UINT64(p) ((uint64_t) ((uintptr_t) (p)))
#define UINT64_TO_PTR(u) ((void *) ((uintptr_t) (u)))

#define PTR_TO_SIZE(p) ((size_t) ((uintptr_t) (p)))
#define SIZE_TO_PTR(u) ((void *) ((uintptr_t) (u)))

#define CHAR_TO_STR(x) ((char[2]) { x, 0 })

#define char_array_0(x) x[sizeof(x)-1] = 0;

/* Returns the number of chars needed to format variables of the
 * specified type as a decimal string. Adds in extra space for a
 * negative '-' prefix (hence works correctly on signed
 * types). Includes space for the trailing NUL. */
#define DECIMAL_STR_MAX(type)                                           \
        (2+(sizeof(type) <= 1 ? 3 :                                     \
            sizeof(type) <= 2 ? 5 :                                     \
            sizeof(type) <= 4 ? 10 :                                    \
            sizeof(type) <= 8 ? 20 : sizeof(int[-2*(sizeof(type) > 8)])))

#define DECIMAL_STR_WIDTH(x)                            \
        ({                                              \
                typeof(x) _x_ = (x);                    \
                unsigned ans = 1;                       \
                while ((_x_ /= 10) != 0)                \
                        ans++;                          \
                ans;                                    \
        })

#define UPDATE_FLAG(orig, flag, b)                      \
        ((b) ? ((orig) | (flag)) : ((orig) & ~(flag)))
#define SET_FLAG(v, flag, b) \
        (v) = UPDATE_FLAG(v, flag, b)
#define FLAGS_SET(v, flags) \
        ((~(v) & (flags)) == 0)

#define CASE_F(X) case X:
#define CASE_F_1(CASE, X) CASE_F(X)
#define CASE_F_2(CASE, X, ...)  CASE(X) CASE_F_1(CASE, __VA_ARGS__)
#define CASE_F_3(CASE, X, ...)  CASE(X) CASE_F_2(CASE, __VA_ARGS__)
#define CASE_F_4(CASE, X, ...)  CASE(X) CASE_F_3(CASE, __VA_ARGS__)
#define CASE_F_5(CASE, X, ...)  CASE(X) CASE_F_4(CASE, __VA_ARGS__)
#define CASE_F_6(CASE, X, ...)  CASE(X) CASE_F_5(CASE, __VA_ARGS__)
#define CASE_F_7(CASE, X, ...)  CASE(X) CASE_F_6(CASE, __VA_ARGS__)
#define CASE_F_8(CASE, X, ...)  CASE(X) CASE_F_7(CASE, __VA_ARGS__)
#define CASE_F_9(CASE, X, ...)  CASE(X) CASE_F_8(CASE, __VA_ARGS__)
#define CASE_F_10(CASE, X, ...) CASE(X) CASE_F_9(CASE, __VA_ARGS__)
#define CASE_F_11(CASE, X, ...) CASE(X) CASE_F_10(CASE, __VA_ARGS__)
#define CASE_F_12(CASE, X, ...) CASE(X) CASE_F_11(CASE, __VA_ARGS__)
#define CASE_F_13(CASE, X, ...) CASE(X) CASE_F_12(CASE, __VA_ARGS__)
#define CASE_F_14(CASE, X, ...) CASE(X) CASE_F_13(CASE, __VA_ARGS__)
#define CASE_F_15(CASE, X, ...) CASE(X) CASE_F_14(CASE, __VA_ARGS__)
#define CASE_F_16(CASE, X, ...) CASE(X) CASE_F_15(CASE, __VA_ARGS__)
#define CASE_F_17(CASE, X, ...) CASE(X) CASE_F_16(CASE, __VA_ARGS__)
#define CASE_F_18(CASE, X, ...) CASE(X) CASE_F_17(CASE, __VA_ARGS__)
#define CASE_F_19(CASE, X, ...) CASE(X) CASE_F_18(CASE, __VA_ARGS__)
#define CASE_F_20(CASE, X, ...) CASE(X) CASE_F_19(CASE, __VA_ARGS__)

#define GET_CASE_F(_1,_2,_3,_4,_5,_6,_7,_8,_9,_10,_11,_12,_13,_14,_15,_16,_17,_18,_19,_20,NAME,...) NAME
#define FOR_EACH_MAKE_CASE(...) \
        GET_CASE_F(__VA_ARGS__,CASE_F_20,CASE_F_19,CASE_F_18,CASE_F_17,CASE_F_16,CASE_F_15,CASE_F_14,CASE_F_13,CASE_F_12,CASE_F_11, \
                               CASE_F_10,CASE_F_9,CASE_F_8,CASE_F_7,CASE_F_6,CASE_F_5,CASE_F_4,CASE_F_3,CASE_F_2,CASE_F_1) \
                   (CASE_F,__VA_ARGS__)

#define IN_SET(x, ...)                          \
        ({                                      \
                bool _found = false;            \
                /* If the build breaks in the line below, you need to extend the case macros. (We use "long double" as  \
                 * type for the array, in the hope that checkers such as ubsan don't complain that the initializers for \
                 * the array are not representable by the base type. Ideally we'd use typeof(x) as base type, but that  \
                 * doesn't work, as we want to use this on bitfields and gcc refuses typeof() on bitfields.) */         \
                static const long double __assert_in_set[] _unused_ = { __VA_ARGS__ }; \
                assert_cc(ELEMENTSOF(__assert_in_set) <= 20); \
                switch(x) {                     \
                FOR_EACH_MAKE_CASE(__VA_ARGS__) \
                        _found = true;          \
                        break;                  \
                default:                        \
                        break;                  \
                }                               \
                _found;                         \
        })

#define SWAP_TWO(x, y) do {                        \
                typeof(x) _t = (x);                \
                (x) = (y);                         \
                (y) = (_t);                        \
        } while (false)

/* Define C11 thread_local attribute even on older gcc compiler
 * version */
#ifndef thread_local
/*
 * Don't break on glibc < 2.16 that doesn't define __STDC_NO_THREADS__
 * see http://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53769
 */
#if __STDC_VERSION__ >= 201112L && !(defined(__STDC_NO_THREADS__) || (defined(__GNU_LIBRARY__) && __GLIBC__ == 2 && __GLIBC_MINOR__ < 16))
#define thread_local _Thread_local
#else
#define thread_local __thread
#endif
#endif

#define DEFINE_TRIVIAL_DESTRUCTOR(name, type, func)             \
        static inline void name(type *p) {                      \
                func(p);                                        \
        }

#define DEFINE_TRIVIAL_CLEANUP_FUNC(type, func)                 \
        static inline void func##p(type *p) {                   \
                if (*p)                                         \
                        func(*p);                               \
        }

#define _DEFINE_TRIVIAL_REF_FUNC(type, name, scope)             \
        scope type *name##_ref(type *p) {                       \
                if (!p)                                         \
                        return NULL;                            \
                                                                \
                assert(p->n_ref > 0);                           \
                p->n_ref++;                                     \
                return p;                                       \
        }

#define _DEFINE_TRIVIAL_UNREF_FUNC(type, name, free_func, scope) \
        scope type *name##_unref(type *p) {                      \
                if (!p)                                          \
                        return NULL;                             \
                                                                 \
                assert(p->n_ref > 0);                            \
                p->n_ref--;                                      \
                if (p->n_ref > 0)                                \
                        return NULL;                             \
                                                                 \
                return free_func(p);                             \
        }

#define DEFINE_TRIVIAL_REF_FUNC(type, name)     \
        _DEFINE_TRIVIAL_REF_FUNC(type, name,)
#define DEFINE_PRIVATE_TRIVIAL_REF_FUNC(type, name)     \
        _DEFINE_TRIVIAL_REF_FUNC(type, name, static)
#define DEFINE_PUBLIC_TRIVIAL_REF_FUNC(type, name)      \
        _DEFINE_TRIVIAL_REF_FUNC(type, name, _public_)

#define DEFINE_TRIVIAL_UNREF_FUNC(type, name, free_func)        \
        _DEFINE_TRIVIAL_UNREF_FUNC(type, name, free_func,)
#define DEFINE_PRIVATE_TRIVIAL_UNREF_FUNC(type, name, free_func)        \
        _DEFINE_TRIVIAL_UNREF_FUNC(type, name, free_func, static)
#define DEFINE_PUBLIC_TRIVIAL_UNREF_FUNC(type, name, free_func)         \
        _DEFINE_TRIVIAL_UNREF_FUNC(type, name, free_func, _public_)

#define DEFINE_TRIVIAL_REF_UNREF_FUNC(type, name, free_func)    \
        DEFINE_TRIVIAL_REF_FUNC(type, name);                    \
        DEFINE_TRIVIAL_UNREF_FUNC(type, name, free_func);

#define DEFINE_PRIVATE_TRIVIAL_REF_UNREF_FUNC(type, name, free_func)    \
        DEFINE_PRIVATE_TRIVIAL_REF_FUNC(type, name);                    \
        DEFINE_PRIVATE_TRIVIAL_UNREF_FUNC(type, name, free_func);

#define DEFINE_PUBLIC_TRIVIAL_REF_UNREF_FUNC(type, name, free_func)    \
        DEFINE_PUBLIC_TRIVIAL_REF_FUNC(type, name);                    \
        DEFINE_PUBLIC_TRIVIAL_UNREF_FUNC(type, name, free_func);

/* A macro to force copying of a variable from memory. This is useful whenever we want to read something from
 * memory and want to make sure the compiler won't optimize away the destination variable for us. It's not
 * supposed to be a full CPU memory barrier, i.e. CPU is still allowed to reorder the reads, but it is not
 * allowed to remove our local copies of the variables. We want this to work for unaligned memory, hence
 * memcpy() is great for our purposes. */
#define READ_NOW(x)                                                     \
        ({                                                              \
                typeof(x) _copy;                                        \
                memcpy(&_copy, &(x), sizeof(_copy));                    \
                asm volatile ("" : : : "memory");                       \
                _copy;                                                  \
        })

#include "log.h"