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[thirdparty/systemd.git] / src / nspawn / nspawn.c
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later */
2
3 #if HAVE_BLKID
4 #endif
5 #include <errno.h>
6 #include <getopt.h>
7 #include <linux/fs.h>
8 #include <linux/loop.h>
9 #if HAVE_SELINUX
10 #include <selinux/selinux.h>
11 #endif
12 #include <stdlib.h>
13 #include <sys/file.h>
14 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
15 #include <sys/personality.h>
16 #include <sys/prctl.h>
17 #include <sys/types.h>
18 #include <sys/wait.h>
19 #include <termios.h>
20 #include <unistd.h>
21
22 #include "sd-bus.h"
23 #include "sd-daemon.h"
24 #include "sd-id128.h"
25
26 #include "alloc-util.h"
27 #include "barrier.h"
28 #include "base-filesystem.h"
29 #include "blkid-util.h"
30 #include "btrfs-util.h"
31 #include "bus-error.h"
32 #include "bus-util.h"
33 #include "cap-list.h"
34 #include "capability-util.h"
35 #include "cgroup-util.h"
36 #include "chase-symlinks.h"
37 #include "copy.h"
38 #include "cpu-set-util.h"
39 #include "creds-util.h"
40 #include "dev-setup.h"
41 #include "discover-image.h"
42 #include "dissect-image.h"
43 #include "env-util.h"
44 #include "escape.h"
45 #include "fd-util.h"
46 #include "fdset.h"
47 #include "fileio.h"
48 #include "format-util.h"
49 #include "fs-util.h"
50 #include "gpt.h"
51 #include "hexdecoct.h"
52 #include "hostname-setup.h"
53 #include "hostname-util.h"
54 #include "id128-util.h"
55 #include "io-util.h"
56 #include "log.h"
57 #include "loop-util.h"
58 #include "loopback-setup.h"
59 #include "macro.h"
60 #include "main-func.h"
61 #include "missing_sched.h"
62 #include "mkdir.h"
63 #include "mount-util.h"
64 #include "mountpoint-util.h"
65 #include "namespace-util.h"
66 #include "netlink-util.h"
67 #include "nspawn-bind-user.h"
68 #include "nspawn-cgroup.h"
69 #include "nspawn-creds.h"
70 #include "nspawn-def.h"
71 #include "nspawn-expose-ports.h"
72 #include "nspawn-mount.h"
73 #include "nspawn-network.h"
74 #include "nspawn-oci.h"
75 #include "nspawn-patch-uid.h"
76 #include "nspawn-register.h"
77 #include "nspawn-seccomp.h"
78 #include "nspawn-settings.h"
79 #include "nspawn-setuid.h"
80 #include "nspawn-stub-pid1.h"
81 #include "nspawn-util.h"
82 #include "nspawn.h"
83 #include "nulstr-util.h"
84 #include "os-util.h"
85 #include "pager.h"
86 #include "parse-argument.h"
87 #include "parse-util.h"
88 #include "pretty-print.h"
89 #include "process-util.h"
90 #include "ptyfwd.h"
91 #include "random-util.h"
92 #include "raw-clone.h"
93 #include "resolve-util.h"
94 #include "rlimit-util.h"
95 #include "rm-rf.h"
96 #if HAVE_SECCOMP
97 #include "seccomp-util.h"
98 #endif
99 #include "selinux-util.h"
100 #include "signal-util.h"
101 #include "socket-util.h"
102 #include "stat-util.h"
103 #include "stdio-util.h"
104 #include "string-table.h"
105 #include "string-util.h"
106 #include "strv.h"
107 #include "sysctl-util.h"
108 #include "terminal-util.h"
109 #include "tmpfile-util.h"
110 #include "umask-util.h"
111 #include "unit-name.h"
112 #include "user-util.h"
113 #include "util.h"
114
115 /* The notify socket inside the container it can use to talk to nspawn using the sd_notify(3) protocol */
116 #define NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH "/run/host/notify"
117
118 #define EXIT_FORCE_RESTART 133
119
120 typedef enum ContainerStatus {
121 CONTAINER_TERMINATED,
122 CONTAINER_REBOOTED,
123 } ContainerStatus;
124
125 static char *arg_directory = NULL;
126 static char *arg_template = NULL;
127 static char *arg_chdir = NULL;
128 static char *arg_pivot_root_new = NULL;
129 static char *arg_pivot_root_old = NULL;
130 static char *arg_user = NULL;
131 static uid_t arg_uid = UID_INVALID;
132 static gid_t arg_gid = GID_INVALID;
133 static gid_t* arg_supplementary_gids = NULL;
134 static size_t arg_n_supplementary_gids = 0;
135 static sd_id128_t arg_uuid = {};
136 static char *arg_machine = NULL; /* The name used by the host to refer to this */
137 static char *arg_hostname = NULL; /* The name the payload sees by default */
138 static const char *arg_selinux_context = NULL;
139 static const char *arg_selinux_apifs_context = NULL;
140 static char *arg_slice = NULL;
141 static bool arg_private_network = false;
142 static bool arg_read_only = false;
143 static StartMode arg_start_mode = START_PID1;
144 static bool arg_ephemeral = false;
145 static LinkJournal arg_link_journal = LINK_AUTO;
146 static bool arg_link_journal_try = false;
147 static uint64_t arg_caps_retain =
148 (1ULL << CAP_AUDIT_CONTROL) |
149 (1ULL << CAP_AUDIT_WRITE) |
150 (1ULL << CAP_CHOWN) |
151 (1ULL << CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE) |
152 (1ULL << CAP_DAC_READ_SEARCH) |
153 (1ULL << CAP_FOWNER) |
154 (1ULL << CAP_FSETID) |
155 (1ULL << CAP_IPC_OWNER) |
156 (1ULL << CAP_KILL) |
157 (1ULL << CAP_LEASE) |
158 (1ULL << CAP_LINUX_IMMUTABLE) |
159 (1ULL << CAP_MKNOD) |
160 (1ULL << CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE) |
161 (1ULL << CAP_NET_BROADCAST) |
162 (1ULL << CAP_NET_RAW) |
163 (1ULL << CAP_SETFCAP) |
164 (1ULL << CAP_SETGID) |
165 (1ULL << CAP_SETPCAP) |
166 (1ULL << CAP_SETUID) |
167 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_ADMIN) |
168 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_BOOT) |
169 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_CHROOT) |
170 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_NICE) |
171 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_PTRACE) |
172 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_RESOURCE) |
173 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_TTY_CONFIG);
174 static uint64_t arg_caps_ambient = 0;
175 static CapabilityQuintet arg_full_capabilities = CAPABILITY_QUINTET_NULL;
176 static CustomMount *arg_custom_mounts = NULL;
177 static size_t arg_n_custom_mounts = 0;
178 static char **arg_setenv = NULL;
179 static bool arg_quiet = false;
180 static bool arg_register = true;
181 static bool arg_keep_unit = false;
182 static char **arg_network_interfaces = NULL;
183 static char **arg_network_macvlan = NULL;
184 static char **arg_network_ipvlan = NULL;
185 static bool arg_network_veth = false;
186 static char **arg_network_veth_extra = NULL;
187 static char *arg_network_bridge = NULL;
188 static char *arg_network_zone = NULL;
189 static char *arg_network_namespace_path = NULL;
190 static PagerFlags arg_pager_flags = 0;
191 static unsigned long arg_personality = PERSONALITY_INVALID;
192 static char *arg_image = NULL;
193 static char *arg_oci_bundle = NULL;
194 static VolatileMode arg_volatile_mode = VOLATILE_NO;
195 static ExposePort *arg_expose_ports = NULL;
196 static char **arg_property = NULL;
197 static sd_bus_message *arg_property_message = NULL;
198 static UserNamespaceMode arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_NO;
199 static uid_t arg_uid_shift = UID_INVALID, arg_uid_range = 0x10000U;
200 static UserNamespaceOwnership arg_userns_ownership = _USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_INVALID;
201 static int arg_kill_signal = 0;
202 static CGroupUnified arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_UNKNOWN;
203 static SettingsMask arg_settings_mask = 0;
204 static int arg_settings_trusted = -1;
205 static char **arg_parameters = NULL;
206 static const char *arg_container_service_name = "systemd-nspawn";
207 static bool arg_notify_ready = false;
208 static bool arg_use_cgns = true;
209 static unsigned long arg_clone_ns_flags = CLONE_NEWIPC|CLONE_NEWPID|CLONE_NEWUTS;
210 static MountSettingsMask arg_mount_settings = MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_RO|MOUNT_APPLY_TMPFS_TMP;
211 static VeritySettings arg_verity_settings = VERITY_SETTINGS_DEFAULT;
212 static char **arg_syscall_allow_list = NULL;
213 static char **arg_syscall_deny_list = NULL;
214 #if HAVE_SECCOMP
215 static scmp_filter_ctx arg_seccomp = NULL;
216 #endif
217 static struct rlimit *arg_rlimit[_RLIMIT_MAX] = {};
218 static bool arg_no_new_privileges = false;
219 static int arg_oom_score_adjust = 0;
220 static bool arg_oom_score_adjust_set = false;
221 static CPUSet arg_cpu_set = {};
222 static ResolvConfMode arg_resolv_conf = RESOLV_CONF_AUTO;
223 static TimezoneMode arg_timezone = TIMEZONE_AUTO;
224 static unsigned arg_console_width = UINT_MAX, arg_console_height = UINT_MAX;
225 static DeviceNode* arg_extra_nodes = NULL;
226 static size_t arg_n_extra_nodes = 0;
227 static char **arg_sysctl = NULL;
228 static ConsoleMode arg_console_mode = _CONSOLE_MODE_INVALID;
229 static Credential *arg_credentials = NULL;
230 static size_t arg_n_credentials = 0;
231 static char **arg_bind_user = NULL;
232 static bool arg_suppress_sync = false;
233 static char *arg_settings_filename = NULL;
234
235 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_directory, freep);
236 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_template, freep);
237 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_chdir, freep);
238 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_pivot_root_new, freep);
239 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_pivot_root_old, freep);
240 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_user, freep);
241 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_supplementary_gids, freep);
242 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_machine, freep);
243 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_hostname, freep);
244 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_slice, freep);
245 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_setenv, strv_freep);
246 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_interfaces, strv_freep);
247 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_macvlan, strv_freep);
248 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_ipvlan, strv_freep);
249 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_veth_extra, strv_freep);
250 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_bridge, freep);
251 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_zone, freep);
252 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_namespace_path, freep);
253 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_image, freep);
254 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_oci_bundle, freep);
255 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_property, strv_freep);
256 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_property_message, sd_bus_message_unrefp);
257 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_parameters, strv_freep);
258 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_verity_settings, verity_settings_done);
259 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_syscall_allow_list, strv_freep);
260 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_syscall_deny_list, strv_freep);
261 #if HAVE_SECCOMP
262 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_seccomp, seccomp_releasep);
263 #endif
264 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_cpu_set, cpu_set_reset);
265 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_sysctl, strv_freep);
266 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_bind_user, strv_freep);
267 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_settings_filename, freep);
268
269 static int handle_arg_console(const char *arg) {
270 if (streq(arg, "help")) {
271 puts("autopipe\n"
272 "interactive\n"
273 "passive\n"
274 "pipe\n"
275 "read-only");
276 return 0;
277 }
278
279 if (streq(arg, "interactive"))
280 arg_console_mode = CONSOLE_INTERACTIVE;
281 else if (streq(arg, "read-only"))
282 arg_console_mode = CONSOLE_READ_ONLY;
283 else if (streq(arg, "passive"))
284 arg_console_mode = CONSOLE_PASSIVE;
285 else if (streq(arg, "pipe")) {
286 if (isatty(STDIN_FILENO) > 0 && isatty(STDOUT_FILENO) > 0)
287 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_NOTICE,
288 "Console mode 'pipe' selected, but standard input/output are connected to an interactive TTY. "
289 "Most likely you want to use 'interactive' console mode for proper interactivity and shell job control. "
290 "Proceeding anyway.");
291
292 arg_console_mode = CONSOLE_PIPE;
293 } else if (streq(arg, "autopipe")) {
294 if (isatty(STDIN_FILENO) > 0 && isatty(STDOUT_FILENO) > 0)
295 arg_console_mode = CONSOLE_INTERACTIVE;
296 else
297 arg_console_mode = CONSOLE_PIPE;
298 } else
299 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Unknown console mode: %s", optarg);
300
301 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CONSOLE_MODE;
302 return 1;
303 }
304
305 static int help(void) {
306 _cleanup_free_ char *link = NULL;
307 int r;
308
309 pager_open(arg_pager_flags);
310
311 r = terminal_urlify_man("systemd-nspawn", "1", &link);
312 if (r < 0)
313 return log_oom();
314
315 printf("%1$s [OPTIONS...] [PATH] [ARGUMENTS...]\n\n"
316 "%5$sSpawn a command or OS in a light-weight container.%6$s\n\n"
317 " -h --help Show this help\n"
318 " --version Print version string\n"
319 " -q --quiet Do not show status information\n"
320 " --no-pager Do not pipe output into a pager\n"
321 " --settings=BOOLEAN Load additional settings from .nspawn file\n\n"
322 "%3$sImage:%4$s\n"
323 " -D --directory=PATH Root directory for the container\n"
324 " --template=PATH Initialize root directory from template directory,\n"
325 " if missing\n"
326 " -x --ephemeral Run container with snapshot of root directory, and\n"
327 " remove it after exit\n"
328 " -i --image=PATH Root file system disk image (or device node) for\n"
329 " the container\n"
330 " --oci-bundle=PATH OCI bundle directory\n"
331 " --read-only Mount the root directory read-only\n"
332 " --volatile[=MODE] Run the system in volatile mode\n"
333 " --root-hash=HASH Specify verity root hash for root disk image\n"
334 " --root-hash-sig=SIG Specify pkcs7 signature of root hash for verity\n"
335 " as a DER encoded PKCS7, either as a path to a file\n"
336 " or as an ASCII base64 encoded string prefixed by\n"
337 " 'base64:'\n"
338 " --verity-data=PATH Specify hash device for verity\n"
339 " --pivot-root=PATH[:PATH]\n"
340 " Pivot root to given directory in the container\n\n"
341 "%3$sExecution:%4$s\n"
342 " -a --as-pid2 Maintain a stub init as PID1, invoke binary as PID2\n"
343 " -b --boot Boot up full system (i.e. invoke init)\n"
344 " --chdir=PATH Set working directory in the container\n"
345 " -E --setenv=NAME[=VALUE] Pass an environment variable to PID 1\n"
346 " -u --user=USER Run the command under specified user or UID\n"
347 " --kill-signal=SIGNAL Select signal to use for shutting down PID 1\n"
348 " --notify-ready=BOOLEAN Receive notifications from the child init process\n"
349 " --suppress-sync=BOOLEAN\n"
350 " Suppress any form of disk data synchronization\n\n"
351 "%3$sSystem Identity:%4$s\n"
352 " -M --machine=NAME Set the machine name for the container\n"
353 " --hostname=NAME Override the hostname for the container\n"
354 " --uuid=UUID Set a specific machine UUID for the container\n\n"
355 "%3$sProperties:%4$s\n"
356 " -S --slice=SLICE Place the container in the specified slice\n"
357 " --property=NAME=VALUE Set scope unit property\n"
358 " --register=BOOLEAN Register container as machine\n"
359 " --keep-unit Do not register a scope for the machine, reuse\n"
360 " the service unit nspawn is running in\n\n"
361 "%3$sUser Namespacing:%4$s\n"
362 " --private-users=no Run without user namespacing\n"
363 " --private-users=yes|pick|identity\n"
364 " Run within user namespace, autoselect UID/GID range\n"
365 " --private-users=UIDBASE[:NUIDS]\n"
366 " Similar, but with user configured UID/GID range\n"
367 " --private-users-ownership=MODE\n"
368 " Adjust ('chown') or map ('map') OS tree ownership\n"
369 " to private UID/GID range\n"
370 " -U Equivalent to --private-users=pick and\n"
371 " --private-users-ownership=auto\n\n"
372 "%3$sNetworking:%4$s\n"
373 " --private-network Disable network in container\n"
374 " --network-interface=INTERFACE\n"
375 " Assign an existing network interface to the\n"
376 " container\n"
377 " --network-macvlan=INTERFACE\n"
378 " Create a macvlan network interface based on an\n"
379 " existing network interface to the container\n"
380 " --network-ipvlan=INTERFACE\n"
381 " Create an ipvlan network interface based on an\n"
382 " existing network interface to the container\n"
383 " -n --network-veth Add a virtual Ethernet connection between host\n"
384 " and container\n"
385 " --network-veth-extra=HOSTIF[:CONTAINERIF]\n"
386 " Add an additional virtual Ethernet link between\n"
387 " host and container\n"
388 " --network-bridge=INTERFACE\n"
389 " Add a virtual Ethernet connection to the container\n"
390 " and attach it to an existing bridge on the host\n"
391 " --network-zone=NAME Similar, but attach the new interface to an\n"
392 " an automatically managed bridge interface\n"
393 " --network-namespace-path=PATH\n"
394 " Set network namespace to the one represented by\n"
395 " the specified kernel namespace file node\n"
396 " -p --port=[PROTOCOL:]HOSTPORT[:CONTAINERPORT]\n"
397 " Expose a container IP port on the host\n\n"
398 "%3$sSecurity:%4$s\n"
399 " --capability=CAP In addition to the default, retain specified\n"
400 " capability\n"
401 " --drop-capability=CAP Drop the specified capability from the default set\n"
402 " --ambient-capability=CAP\n"
403 " Sets the specified capability for the started\n"
404 " process. Not useful if booting a machine.\n"
405 " --no-new-privileges Set PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS flag for container payload\n"
406 " --system-call-filter=LIST|~LIST\n"
407 " Permit/prohibit specific system calls\n"
408 " -Z --selinux-context=SECLABEL\n"
409 " Set the SELinux security context to be used by\n"
410 " processes in the container\n"
411 " -L --selinux-apifs-context=SECLABEL\n"
412 " Set the SELinux security context to be used by\n"
413 " API/tmpfs file systems in the container\n\n"
414 "%3$sResources:%4$s\n"
415 " --rlimit=NAME=LIMIT Set a resource limit for the payload\n"
416 " --oom-score-adjust=VALUE\n"
417 " Adjust the OOM score value for the payload\n"
418 " --cpu-affinity=CPUS Adjust the CPU affinity of the container\n"
419 " --personality=ARCH Pick personality for this container\n\n"
420 "%3$sIntegration:%4$s\n"
421 " --resolv-conf=MODE Select mode of /etc/resolv.conf initialization\n"
422 " --timezone=MODE Select mode of /etc/localtime initialization\n"
423 " --link-journal=MODE Link up guest journal, one of no, auto, guest, \n"
424 " host, try-guest, try-host\n"
425 " -j Equivalent to --link-journal=try-guest\n\n"
426 "%3$sMounts:%4$s\n"
427 " --bind=PATH[:PATH[:OPTIONS]]\n"
428 " Bind mount a file or directory from the host into\n"
429 " the container\n"
430 " --bind-ro=PATH[:PATH[:OPTIONS]\n"
431 " Similar, but creates a read-only bind mount\n"
432 " --inaccessible=PATH Over-mount file node with inaccessible node to mask\n"
433 " it\n"
434 " --tmpfs=PATH:[OPTIONS] Mount an empty tmpfs to the specified directory\n"
435 " --overlay=PATH[:PATH...]:PATH\n"
436 " Create an overlay mount from the host to \n"
437 " the container\n"
438 " --overlay-ro=PATH[:PATH...]:PATH\n"
439 " Similar, but creates a read-only overlay mount\n"
440 " --bind-user=NAME Bind user from host to container\n\n"
441 "%3$sInput/Output:%4$s\n"
442 " --console=MODE Select how stdin/stdout/stderr and /dev/console are\n"
443 " set up for the container.\n"
444 " -P --pipe Equivalent to --console=pipe\n\n"
445 "%3$sCredentials:%4$s\n"
446 " --set-credential=ID:VALUE\n"
447 " Pass a credential with literal value to container.\n"
448 " --load-credential=ID:PATH\n"
449 " Load credential to pass to container from file or\n"
450 " AF_UNIX stream socket.\n"
451 "\nSee the %2$s for details.\n",
452 program_invocation_short_name,
453 link,
454 ansi_underline(),
455 ansi_normal(),
456 ansi_highlight(),
457 ansi_normal());
458
459 return 0;
460 }
461
462 static int custom_mount_check_all(void) {
463 size_t i;
464
465 for (i = 0; i < arg_n_custom_mounts; i++) {
466 CustomMount *m = &arg_custom_mounts[i];
467
468 if (path_equal(m->destination, "/") && arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
469 if (arg_userns_ownership != USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_OFF)
470 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
471 "--private-users-ownership=own may not be combined with custom root mounts.");
472 if (arg_uid_shift == UID_INVALID)
473 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
474 "--private-users with automatic UID shift may not be combined with custom root mounts.");
475 }
476 }
477
478 return 0;
479 }
480
481 static int detect_unified_cgroup_hierarchy_from_environment(void) {
482 const char *e, *var = "SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_UNIFIED_HIERARCHY";
483 int r;
484
485 /* Allow the user to control whether the unified hierarchy is used */
486
487 e = getenv(var);
488 if (!e) {
489 /* $UNIFIED_CGROUP_HIERARCHY has been renamed to $SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_UNIFIED_HIERARCHY. */
490 var = "UNIFIED_CGROUP_HIERARCHY";
491 e = getenv(var);
492 }
493
494 if (!isempty(e)) {
495 r = parse_boolean(e);
496 if (r < 0)
497 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse $%s: %m", var);
498 if (r > 0)
499 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_ALL;
500 else
501 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE;
502 }
503
504 return 0;
505 }
506
507 static int detect_unified_cgroup_hierarchy_from_image(const char *directory) {
508 int r;
509
510 /* Let's inherit the mode to use from the host system, but let's take into consideration what systemd
511 * in the image actually supports. */
512 r = cg_all_unified();
513 if (r < 0)
514 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine whether we are in all unified mode.");
515 if (r > 0) {
516 /* Unified cgroup hierarchy support was added in 230. Unfortunately the detection
517 * routine only detects 231, so we'll have a false negative here for 230. */
518 r = systemd_installation_has_version(directory, "230");
519 if (r < 0)
520 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine systemd version in container: %m");
521 if (r > 0)
522 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_ALL;
523 else
524 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE;
525 } else if (cg_unified_controller(SYSTEMD_CGROUP_CONTROLLER) > 0) {
526 /* Mixed cgroup hierarchy support was added in 233 */
527 r = systemd_installation_has_version(directory, "233");
528 if (r < 0)
529 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine systemd version in container: %m");
530 if (r > 0)
531 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_SYSTEMD;
532 else
533 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE;
534 } else
535 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE;
536
537 log_debug("Using %s hierarchy for container.",
538 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy == CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE ? "legacy" :
539 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy == CGROUP_UNIFIED_SYSTEMD ? "hybrid" : "unified");
540
541 return 0;
542 }
543
544 static int parse_capability_spec(const char *spec, uint64_t *ret_mask) {
545 uint64_t mask = 0;
546 int r;
547
548 for (;;) {
549 _cleanup_free_ char *t = NULL;
550
551 r = extract_first_word(&spec, &t, ",", 0);
552 if (r < 0)
553 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse capability %s.", t);
554 if (r == 0)
555 break;
556
557 if (streq(t, "help")) {
558 for (int i = 0; i < capability_list_length(); i++) {
559 const char *name;
560
561 name = capability_to_name(i);
562 if (name)
563 puts(name);
564 }
565
566 return 0; /* quit */
567 }
568
569 if (streq(t, "all"))
570 mask = UINT64_MAX;
571 else {
572 r = capability_from_name(t);
573 if (r < 0)
574 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse capability %s.", t);
575
576 mask |= 1ULL << r;
577 }
578 }
579
580 *ret_mask = mask;
581 return 1; /* continue */
582 }
583
584 static int parse_share_ns_env(const char *name, unsigned long ns_flag) {
585 int r;
586
587 r = getenv_bool(name);
588 if (r == -ENXIO)
589 return 0;
590 if (r < 0)
591 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse $%s: %m", name);
592
593 arg_clone_ns_flags = (arg_clone_ns_flags & ~ns_flag) | (r > 0 ? 0 : ns_flag);
594 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CLONE_NS_FLAGS;
595 return 0;
596 }
597
598 static int parse_mount_settings_env(void) {
599 const char *e;
600 int r;
601
602 r = getenv_bool("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_TMPFS_TMP");
603 if (r < 0 && r != -ENXIO)
604 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse $SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_TMPFS_TMP: %m");
605 if (r >= 0)
606 SET_FLAG(arg_mount_settings, MOUNT_APPLY_TMPFS_TMP, r > 0);
607
608 e = getenv("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_API_VFS_WRITABLE");
609 if (streq_ptr(e, "network"))
610 arg_mount_settings |= MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_RO|MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_NETNS;
611
612 else if (e) {
613 r = parse_boolean(e);
614 if (r < 0)
615 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse $SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_API_VFS_WRITABLE: %m");
616
617 SET_FLAG(arg_mount_settings, MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_RO, r == 0);
618 SET_FLAG(arg_mount_settings, MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_NETNS, false);
619 }
620
621 return 0;
622 }
623
624 static int parse_environment(void) {
625 const char *e;
626 int r;
627
628 r = parse_share_ns_env("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_NS_IPC", CLONE_NEWIPC);
629 if (r < 0)
630 return r;
631 r = parse_share_ns_env("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_NS_PID", CLONE_NEWPID);
632 if (r < 0)
633 return r;
634 r = parse_share_ns_env("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_NS_UTS", CLONE_NEWUTS);
635 if (r < 0)
636 return r;
637 r = parse_share_ns_env("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_SYSTEM", CLONE_NEWIPC|CLONE_NEWPID|CLONE_NEWUTS);
638 if (r < 0)
639 return r;
640
641 r = parse_mount_settings_env();
642 if (r < 0)
643 return r;
644
645 /* SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_USE_CGNS=0 can be used to disable CLONE_NEWCGROUP use,
646 * even if it is supported. If not supported, it has no effect. */
647 if (!cg_ns_supported())
648 arg_use_cgns = false;
649 else {
650 r = getenv_bool("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_USE_CGNS");
651 if (r < 0) {
652 if (r != -ENXIO)
653 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse $SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_USE_CGNS: %m");
654
655 arg_use_cgns = true;
656 } else {
657 arg_use_cgns = r > 0;
658 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_USE_CGNS;
659 }
660 }
661
662 e = getenv("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_CONTAINER_SERVICE");
663 if (e)
664 arg_container_service_name = e;
665
666 r = getenv_bool("SYSTEMD_SUPPRESS_SYNC");
667 if (r >= 0)
668 arg_suppress_sync = r;
669 else if (r != -ENXIO)
670 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to parse $SYSTEMD_SUPPRESS_SYNC, ignoring: %m");
671
672 return detect_unified_cgroup_hierarchy_from_environment();
673 }
674
675 static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
676 enum {
677 ARG_VERSION = 0x100,
678 ARG_PRIVATE_NETWORK,
679 ARG_UUID,
680 ARG_READ_ONLY,
681 ARG_CAPABILITY,
682 ARG_AMBIENT_CAPABILITY,
683 ARG_DROP_CAPABILITY,
684 ARG_LINK_JOURNAL,
685 ARG_BIND,
686 ARG_BIND_RO,
687 ARG_TMPFS,
688 ARG_OVERLAY,
689 ARG_OVERLAY_RO,
690 ARG_INACCESSIBLE,
691 ARG_SHARE_SYSTEM,
692 ARG_REGISTER,
693 ARG_KEEP_UNIT,
694 ARG_NETWORK_INTERFACE,
695 ARG_NETWORK_MACVLAN,
696 ARG_NETWORK_IPVLAN,
697 ARG_NETWORK_BRIDGE,
698 ARG_NETWORK_ZONE,
699 ARG_NETWORK_VETH_EXTRA,
700 ARG_NETWORK_NAMESPACE_PATH,
701 ARG_PERSONALITY,
702 ARG_VOLATILE,
703 ARG_TEMPLATE,
704 ARG_PROPERTY,
705 ARG_PRIVATE_USERS,
706 ARG_KILL_SIGNAL,
707 ARG_SETTINGS,
708 ARG_CHDIR,
709 ARG_PIVOT_ROOT,
710 ARG_PRIVATE_USERS_CHOWN,
711 ARG_PRIVATE_USERS_OWNERSHIP,
712 ARG_NOTIFY_READY,
713 ARG_ROOT_HASH,
714 ARG_ROOT_HASH_SIG,
715 ARG_VERITY_DATA,
716 ARG_SYSTEM_CALL_FILTER,
717 ARG_RLIMIT,
718 ARG_HOSTNAME,
719 ARG_NO_NEW_PRIVILEGES,
720 ARG_OOM_SCORE_ADJUST,
721 ARG_CPU_AFFINITY,
722 ARG_RESOLV_CONF,
723 ARG_TIMEZONE,
724 ARG_CONSOLE,
725 ARG_PIPE,
726 ARG_OCI_BUNDLE,
727 ARG_NO_PAGER,
728 ARG_SET_CREDENTIAL,
729 ARG_LOAD_CREDENTIAL,
730 ARG_BIND_USER,
731 ARG_SUPPRESS_SYNC,
732 };
733
734 static const struct option options[] = {
735 { "help", no_argument, NULL, 'h' },
736 { "version", no_argument, NULL, ARG_VERSION },
737 { "directory", required_argument, NULL, 'D' },
738 { "template", required_argument, NULL, ARG_TEMPLATE },
739 { "ephemeral", no_argument, NULL, 'x' },
740 { "user", required_argument, NULL, 'u' },
741 { "private-network", no_argument, NULL, ARG_PRIVATE_NETWORK },
742 { "as-pid2", no_argument, NULL, 'a' },
743 { "boot", no_argument, NULL, 'b' },
744 { "uuid", required_argument, NULL, ARG_UUID },
745 { "read-only", no_argument, NULL, ARG_READ_ONLY },
746 { "capability", required_argument, NULL, ARG_CAPABILITY },
747 { "ambient-capability", required_argument, NULL, ARG_AMBIENT_CAPABILITY },
748 { "drop-capability", required_argument, NULL, ARG_DROP_CAPABILITY },
749 { "no-new-privileges", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_NEW_PRIVILEGES },
750 { "link-journal", required_argument, NULL, ARG_LINK_JOURNAL },
751 { "bind", required_argument, NULL, ARG_BIND },
752 { "bind-ro", required_argument, NULL, ARG_BIND_RO },
753 { "tmpfs", required_argument, NULL, ARG_TMPFS },
754 { "overlay", required_argument, NULL, ARG_OVERLAY },
755 { "overlay-ro", required_argument, NULL, ARG_OVERLAY_RO },
756 { "inaccessible", required_argument, NULL, ARG_INACCESSIBLE },
757 { "machine", required_argument, NULL, 'M' },
758 { "hostname", required_argument, NULL, ARG_HOSTNAME },
759 { "slice", required_argument, NULL, 'S' },
760 { "setenv", required_argument, NULL, 'E' },
761 { "selinux-context", required_argument, NULL, 'Z' },
762 { "selinux-apifs-context", required_argument, NULL, 'L' },
763 { "quiet", no_argument, NULL, 'q' },
764 { "share-system", no_argument, NULL, ARG_SHARE_SYSTEM }, /* not documented */
765 { "register", required_argument, NULL, ARG_REGISTER },
766 { "keep-unit", no_argument, NULL, ARG_KEEP_UNIT },
767 { "network-interface", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_INTERFACE },
768 { "network-macvlan", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_MACVLAN },
769 { "network-ipvlan", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_IPVLAN },
770 { "network-veth", no_argument, NULL, 'n' },
771 { "network-veth-extra", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_VETH_EXTRA },
772 { "network-bridge", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_BRIDGE },
773 { "network-zone", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_ZONE },
774 { "network-namespace-path", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_NAMESPACE_PATH },
775 { "personality", required_argument, NULL, ARG_PERSONALITY },
776 { "image", required_argument, NULL, 'i' },
777 { "volatile", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_VOLATILE },
778 { "port", required_argument, NULL, 'p' },
779 { "property", required_argument, NULL, ARG_PROPERTY },
780 { "private-users", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_PRIVATE_USERS },
781 { "private-users-chown", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_PRIVATE_USERS_CHOWN }, /* obsolete */
782 { "private-users-ownership",required_argument, NULL, ARG_PRIVATE_USERS_OWNERSHIP},
783 { "kill-signal", required_argument, NULL, ARG_KILL_SIGNAL },
784 { "settings", required_argument, NULL, ARG_SETTINGS },
785 { "chdir", required_argument, NULL, ARG_CHDIR },
786 { "pivot-root", required_argument, NULL, ARG_PIVOT_ROOT },
787 { "notify-ready", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NOTIFY_READY },
788 { "root-hash", required_argument, NULL, ARG_ROOT_HASH },
789 { "root-hash-sig", required_argument, NULL, ARG_ROOT_HASH_SIG },
790 { "verity-data", required_argument, NULL, ARG_VERITY_DATA },
791 { "system-call-filter", required_argument, NULL, ARG_SYSTEM_CALL_FILTER },
792 { "rlimit", required_argument, NULL, ARG_RLIMIT },
793 { "oom-score-adjust", required_argument, NULL, ARG_OOM_SCORE_ADJUST },
794 { "cpu-affinity", required_argument, NULL, ARG_CPU_AFFINITY },
795 { "resolv-conf", required_argument, NULL, ARG_RESOLV_CONF },
796 { "timezone", required_argument, NULL, ARG_TIMEZONE },
797 { "console", required_argument, NULL, ARG_CONSOLE },
798 { "pipe", no_argument, NULL, ARG_PIPE },
799 { "oci-bundle", required_argument, NULL, ARG_OCI_BUNDLE },
800 { "no-pager", no_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_PAGER },
801 { "set-credential", required_argument, NULL, ARG_SET_CREDENTIAL },
802 { "load-credential", required_argument, NULL, ARG_LOAD_CREDENTIAL },
803 { "bind-user", required_argument, NULL, ARG_BIND_USER },
804 { "suppress-sync", required_argument, NULL, ARG_SUPPRESS_SYNC },
805 {}
806 };
807
808 int c, r;
809 uint64_t plus = 0, minus = 0;
810 bool mask_all_settings = false, mask_no_settings = false;
811
812 assert(argc >= 0);
813 assert(argv);
814
815 while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "+hD:u:abL:M:jS:Z:qi:xp:nUE:P", options, NULL)) >= 0)
816 switch (c) {
817
818 case 'h':
819 return help();
820
821 case ARG_VERSION:
822 return version();
823
824 case 'D':
825 r = parse_path_argument(optarg, false, &arg_directory);
826 if (r < 0)
827 return r;
828
829 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_DIRECTORY;
830 break;
831
832 case ARG_TEMPLATE:
833 r = parse_path_argument(optarg, false, &arg_template);
834 if (r < 0)
835 return r;
836
837 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_DIRECTORY;
838 break;
839
840 case 'i':
841 r = parse_path_argument(optarg, false, &arg_image);
842 if (r < 0)
843 return r;
844
845 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_DIRECTORY;
846 break;
847
848 case ARG_OCI_BUNDLE:
849 r = parse_path_argument(optarg, false, &arg_oci_bundle);
850 if (r < 0)
851 return r;
852
853 break;
854
855 case 'x':
856 arg_ephemeral = true;
857 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_EPHEMERAL;
858 break;
859
860 case 'u':
861 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_user, optarg);
862 if (r < 0)
863 return log_oom();
864
865 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_USER;
866 break;
867
868 case ARG_NETWORK_ZONE: {
869 char *j;
870
871 j = strjoin("vz-", optarg);
872 if (!j)
873 return log_oom();
874
875 if (!ifname_valid(j)) {
876 log_error("Network zone name not valid: %s", j);
877 free(j);
878 return -EINVAL;
879 }
880
881 free_and_replace(arg_network_zone, j);
882
883 arg_network_veth = true;
884 arg_private_network = true;
885 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
886 break;
887 }
888
889 case ARG_NETWORK_BRIDGE:
890
891 if (!ifname_valid(optarg))
892 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
893 "Bridge interface name not valid: %s", optarg);
894
895 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_network_bridge, optarg);
896 if (r < 0)
897 return log_oom();
898
899 _fallthrough_;
900 case 'n':
901 arg_network_veth = true;
902 arg_private_network = true;
903 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
904 break;
905
906 case ARG_NETWORK_VETH_EXTRA:
907 r = veth_extra_parse(&arg_network_veth_extra, optarg);
908 if (r < 0)
909 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --network-veth-extra= parameter: %s", optarg);
910
911 arg_private_network = true;
912 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
913 break;
914
915 case ARG_NETWORK_INTERFACE:
916 if (!ifname_valid(optarg))
917 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
918 "Network interface name not valid: %s", optarg);
919
920 r = test_network_interface_initialized(optarg);
921 if (r < 0)
922 return r;
923
924 if (strv_extend(&arg_network_interfaces, optarg) < 0)
925 return log_oom();
926
927 arg_private_network = true;
928 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
929 break;
930
931 case ARG_NETWORK_MACVLAN:
932
933 if (!ifname_valid(optarg))
934 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
935 "MACVLAN network interface name not valid: %s", optarg);
936
937 r = test_network_interface_initialized(optarg);
938 if (r < 0)
939 return r;
940
941 if (strv_extend(&arg_network_macvlan, optarg) < 0)
942 return log_oom();
943
944 arg_private_network = true;
945 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
946 break;
947
948 case ARG_NETWORK_IPVLAN:
949
950 if (!ifname_valid(optarg))
951 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
952 "IPVLAN network interface name not valid: %s", optarg);
953
954 r = test_network_interface_initialized(optarg);
955 if (r < 0)
956 return r;
957
958 if (strv_extend(&arg_network_ipvlan, optarg) < 0)
959 return log_oom();
960
961 _fallthrough_;
962 case ARG_PRIVATE_NETWORK:
963 arg_private_network = true;
964 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
965 break;
966
967 case ARG_NETWORK_NAMESPACE_PATH:
968 r = parse_path_argument(optarg, false, &arg_network_namespace_path);
969 if (r < 0)
970 return r;
971
972 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
973 break;
974
975 case 'b':
976 if (arg_start_mode == START_PID2)
977 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
978 "--boot and --as-pid2 may not be combined.");
979
980 arg_start_mode = START_BOOT;
981 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_START_MODE;
982 break;
983
984 case 'a':
985 if (arg_start_mode == START_BOOT)
986 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
987 "--boot and --as-pid2 may not be combined.");
988
989 arg_start_mode = START_PID2;
990 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_START_MODE;
991 break;
992
993 case ARG_UUID:
994 r = sd_id128_from_string(optarg, &arg_uuid);
995 if (r < 0)
996 return log_error_errno(r, "Invalid UUID: %s", optarg);
997
998 if (sd_id128_is_null(arg_uuid))
999 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1000 "Machine UUID may not be all zeroes.");
1001
1002 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_MACHINE_ID;
1003 break;
1004
1005 case 'S': {
1006 _cleanup_free_ char *mangled = NULL;
1007
1008 r = unit_name_mangle_with_suffix(optarg, NULL, UNIT_NAME_MANGLE_WARN, ".slice", &mangled);
1009 if (r < 0)
1010 return log_oom();
1011
1012 free_and_replace(arg_slice, mangled);
1013 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_SLICE;
1014 break;
1015 }
1016
1017 case 'M':
1018 if (isempty(optarg))
1019 arg_machine = mfree(arg_machine);
1020 else {
1021 if (!hostname_is_valid(optarg, 0))
1022 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1023 "Invalid machine name: %s", optarg);
1024
1025 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_machine, optarg);
1026 if (r < 0)
1027 return log_oom();
1028 }
1029 break;
1030
1031 case ARG_HOSTNAME:
1032 if (isempty(optarg))
1033 arg_hostname = mfree(arg_hostname);
1034 else {
1035 if (!hostname_is_valid(optarg, 0))
1036 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1037 "Invalid hostname: %s", optarg);
1038
1039 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_hostname, optarg);
1040 if (r < 0)
1041 return log_oom();
1042 }
1043
1044 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_HOSTNAME;
1045 break;
1046
1047 case 'Z':
1048 arg_selinux_context = optarg;
1049 break;
1050
1051 case 'L':
1052 arg_selinux_apifs_context = optarg;
1053 break;
1054
1055 case ARG_READ_ONLY:
1056 arg_read_only = true;
1057 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_READ_ONLY;
1058 break;
1059
1060 case ARG_AMBIENT_CAPABILITY: {
1061 uint64_t m;
1062 r = parse_capability_spec(optarg, &m);
1063 if (r <= 0)
1064 return r;
1065 arg_caps_ambient |= m;
1066 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CAPABILITY;
1067 break;
1068 }
1069 case ARG_CAPABILITY:
1070 case ARG_DROP_CAPABILITY: {
1071 uint64_t m;
1072 r = parse_capability_spec(optarg, &m);
1073 if (r <= 0)
1074 return r;
1075
1076 if (c == ARG_CAPABILITY)
1077 plus |= m;
1078 else
1079 minus |= m;
1080 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CAPABILITY;
1081 break;
1082 }
1083 case ARG_NO_NEW_PRIVILEGES:
1084 r = parse_boolean(optarg);
1085 if (r < 0)
1086 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --no-new-privileges= argument: %s", optarg);
1087
1088 arg_no_new_privileges = r;
1089 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NO_NEW_PRIVILEGES;
1090 break;
1091
1092 case 'j':
1093 arg_link_journal = LINK_GUEST;
1094 arg_link_journal_try = true;
1095 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_LINK_JOURNAL;
1096 break;
1097
1098 case ARG_LINK_JOURNAL:
1099 r = parse_link_journal(optarg, &arg_link_journal, &arg_link_journal_try);
1100 if (r < 0)
1101 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse link journal mode %s", optarg);
1102
1103 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_LINK_JOURNAL;
1104 break;
1105
1106 case ARG_BIND:
1107 case ARG_BIND_RO:
1108 r = bind_mount_parse(&arg_custom_mounts, &arg_n_custom_mounts, optarg, c == ARG_BIND_RO);
1109 if (r < 0)
1110 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --bind(-ro)= argument %s: %m", optarg);
1111
1112 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CUSTOM_MOUNTS;
1113 break;
1114
1115 case ARG_TMPFS:
1116 r = tmpfs_mount_parse(&arg_custom_mounts, &arg_n_custom_mounts, optarg);
1117 if (r < 0)
1118 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --tmpfs= argument %s: %m", optarg);
1119
1120 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CUSTOM_MOUNTS;
1121 break;
1122
1123 case ARG_OVERLAY:
1124 case ARG_OVERLAY_RO:
1125 r = overlay_mount_parse(&arg_custom_mounts, &arg_n_custom_mounts, optarg, c == ARG_OVERLAY_RO);
1126 if (r == -EADDRNOTAVAIL)
1127 return log_error_errno(r, "--overlay(-ro)= needs at least two colon-separated directories specified.");
1128 if (r < 0)
1129 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --overlay(-ro)= argument %s: %m", optarg);
1130
1131 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CUSTOM_MOUNTS;
1132 break;
1133
1134 case ARG_INACCESSIBLE:
1135 r = inaccessible_mount_parse(&arg_custom_mounts, &arg_n_custom_mounts, optarg);
1136 if (r < 0)
1137 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --inaccessible= argument %s: %m", optarg);
1138
1139 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CUSTOM_MOUNTS;
1140 break;
1141
1142 case 'E':
1143 r = strv_env_replace_strdup_passthrough(&arg_setenv, optarg);
1144 if (r < 0)
1145 return log_error_errno(r, "Cannot assign environment variable %s: %m", optarg);
1146
1147 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_ENVIRONMENT;
1148 break;
1149
1150 case 'q':
1151 arg_quiet = true;
1152 break;
1153
1154 case ARG_SHARE_SYSTEM:
1155 /* We don't officially support this anymore, except for compat reasons. People should use the
1156 * $SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_* environment variables instead. */
1157 log_warning("Please do not use --share-system anymore, use $SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_* instead.");
1158 arg_clone_ns_flags = 0;
1159 break;
1160
1161 case ARG_REGISTER:
1162 r = parse_boolean(optarg);
1163 if (r < 0) {
1164 log_error("Failed to parse --register= argument: %s", optarg);
1165 return r;
1166 }
1167
1168 arg_register = r;
1169 break;
1170
1171 case ARG_KEEP_UNIT:
1172 arg_keep_unit = true;
1173 break;
1174
1175 case ARG_PERSONALITY:
1176
1177 arg_personality = personality_from_string(optarg);
1178 if (arg_personality == PERSONALITY_INVALID)
1179 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1180 "Unknown or unsupported personality '%s'.", optarg);
1181
1182 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_PERSONALITY;
1183 break;
1184
1185 case ARG_VOLATILE:
1186
1187 if (!optarg)
1188 arg_volatile_mode = VOLATILE_YES;
1189 else if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
1190 DUMP_STRING_TABLE(volatile_mode, VolatileMode, _VOLATILE_MODE_MAX);
1191 return 0;
1192 } else {
1193 VolatileMode m;
1194
1195 m = volatile_mode_from_string(optarg);
1196 if (m < 0)
1197 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1198 "Failed to parse --volatile= argument: %s", optarg);
1199 else
1200 arg_volatile_mode = m;
1201 }
1202
1203 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_VOLATILE_MODE;
1204 break;
1205
1206 case 'p':
1207 r = expose_port_parse(&arg_expose_ports, optarg);
1208 if (r == -EEXIST)
1209 return log_error_errno(r, "Duplicate port specification: %s", optarg);
1210 if (r < 0)
1211 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse host port %s: %m", optarg);
1212
1213 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_EXPOSE_PORTS;
1214 break;
1215
1216 case ARG_PROPERTY:
1217 if (strv_extend(&arg_property, optarg) < 0)
1218 return log_oom();
1219
1220 break;
1221
1222 case ARG_PRIVATE_USERS: {
1223 int boolean;
1224
1225 if (!optarg)
1226 boolean = true;
1227 else if (!in_charset(optarg, DIGITS))
1228 /* do *not* parse numbers as booleans */
1229 boolean = parse_boolean(optarg);
1230 else
1231 boolean = -1;
1232
1233 if (boolean == 0) {
1234 /* no: User namespacing off */
1235 arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_NO;
1236 arg_uid_shift = UID_INVALID;
1237 arg_uid_range = UINT32_C(0x10000);
1238 } else if (boolean > 0) {
1239 /* yes: User namespacing on, UID range is read from root dir */
1240 arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_FIXED;
1241 arg_uid_shift = UID_INVALID;
1242 arg_uid_range = UINT32_C(0x10000);
1243 } else if (streq(optarg, "pick")) {
1244 /* pick: User namespacing on, UID range is picked randomly */
1245 arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_PICK; /* Note that arg_userns_ownership is
1246 * implied by USER_NAMESPACE_PICK
1247 * further down. */
1248 arg_uid_shift = UID_INVALID;
1249 arg_uid_range = UINT32_C(0x10000);
1250
1251 } else if (streq(optarg, "identity")) {
1252 /* identitiy: User namespaces on, UID range is map the 0…0xFFFF range to
1253 * itself, i.e. we don't actually map anything, but do take benefit of
1254 * isolation of capability sets. */
1255 arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_FIXED;
1256 arg_uid_shift = 0;
1257 arg_uid_range = UINT32_C(0x10000);
1258 } else {
1259 _cleanup_free_ char *buffer = NULL;
1260 const char *range, *shift;
1261
1262 /* anything else: User namespacing on, UID range is explicitly configured */
1263
1264 range = strchr(optarg, ':');
1265 if (range) {
1266 buffer = strndup(optarg, range - optarg);
1267 if (!buffer)
1268 return log_oom();
1269 shift = buffer;
1270
1271 range++;
1272 r = safe_atou32(range, &arg_uid_range);
1273 if (r < 0)
1274 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse UID range \"%s\": %m", range);
1275 } else
1276 shift = optarg;
1277
1278 r = parse_uid(shift, &arg_uid_shift);
1279 if (r < 0)
1280 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse UID \"%s\": %m", optarg);
1281
1282 arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_FIXED;
1283
1284 if (!userns_shift_range_valid(arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_range))
1285 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "UID range cannot be empty or go beyond " UID_FMT ".", UID_INVALID);
1286 }
1287
1288 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_USERNS;
1289 break;
1290 }
1291
1292 case 'U':
1293 if (userns_supported()) {
1294 arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_PICK; /* Note that arg_userns_ownership is
1295 * implied by USER_NAMESPACE_PICK
1296 * further down. */
1297 arg_uid_shift = UID_INVALID;
1298 arg_uid_range = UINT32_C(0x10000);
1299
1300 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_USERNS;
1301 }
1302
1303 break;
1304
1305 case ARG_PRIVATE_USERS_CHOWN:
1306 arg_userns_ownership = USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_CHOWN;
1307
1308 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_USERNS;
1309 break;
1310
1311 case ARG_PRIVATE_USERS_OWNERSHIP:
1312 if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
1313 DUMP_STRING_TABLE(user_namespace_ownership, UserNamespaceOwnership, _USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_MAX);
1314 return 0;
1315 }
1316
1317 arg_userns_ownership = user_namespace_ownership_from_string(optarg);
1318 if (arg_userns_ownership < 0)
1319 return log_error_errno(arg_userns_ownership, "Cannot parse --user-namespace-ownership= value: %s", optarg);
1320
1321 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_USERNS;
1322 break;
1323
1324 case ARG_KILL_SIGNAL:
1325 if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
1326 DUMP_STRING_TABLE(signal, int, _NSIG);
1327 return 0;
1328 }
1329
1330 arg_kill_signal = signal_from_string(optarg);
1331 if (arg_kill_signal < 0)
1332 return log_error_errno(arg_kill_signal, "Cannot parse signal: %s", optarg);
1333
1334 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_KILL_SIGNAL;
1335 break;
1336
1337 case ARG_SETTINGS:
1338
1339 /* no → do not read files
1340 * yes → read files, do not override cmdline, trust only subset
1341 * override → read files, override cmdline, trust only subset
1342 * trusted → read files, do not override cmdline, trust all
1343 */
1344
1345 r = parse_boolean(optarg);
1346 if (r < 0) {
1347 if (streq(optarg, "trusted")) {
1348 mask_all_settings = false;
1349 mask_no_settings = false;
1350 arg_settings_trusted = true;
1351
1352 } else if (streq(optarg, "override")) {
1353 mask_all_settings = false;
1354 mask_no_settings = true;
1355 arg_settings_trusted = -1;
1356 } else
1357 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --settings= argument: %s", optarg);
1358 } else if (r > 0) {
1359 /* yes */
1360 mask_all_settings = false;
1361 mask_no_settings = false;
1362 arg_settings_trusted = -1;
1363 } else {
1364 /* no */
1365 mask_all_settings = true;
1366 mask_no_settings = false;
1367 arg_settings_trusted = false;
1368 }
1369
1370 break;
1371
1372 case ARG_CHDIR:
1373 if (!path_is_absolute(optarg))
1374 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1375 "Working directory %s is not an absolute path.", optarg);
1376
1377 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_chdir, optarg);
1378 if (r < 0)
1379 return log_oom();
1380
1381 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_WORKING_DIRECTORY;
1382 break;
1383
1384 case ARG_PIVOT_ROOT:
1385 r = pivot_root_parse(&arg_pivot_root_new, &arg_pivot_root_old, optarg);
1386 if (r < 0)
1387 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --pivot-root= argument %s: %m", optarg);
1388
1389 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_PIVOT_ROOT;
1390 break;
1391
1392 case ARG_NOTIFY_READY:
1393 r = parse_boolean(optarg);
1394 if (r < 0)
1395 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1396 "%s is not a valid notify mode. Valid modes are: yes, no, and ready.", optarg);
1397 arg_notify_ready = r;
1398 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NOTIFY_READY;
1399 break;
1400
1401 case ARG_ROOT_HASH: {
1402 _cleanup_free_ void *k = NULL;
1403 size_t l;
1404
1405 r = unhexmem(optarg, strlen(optarg), &k, &l);
1406 if (r < 0)
1407 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse root hash: %s", optarg);
1408 if (l < sizeof(sd_id128_t))
1409 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Root hash must be at least 128bit long: %s", optarg);
1410
1411 free_and_replace(arg_verity_settings.root_hash, k);
1412 arg_verity_settings.root_hash_size = l;
1413 break;
1414 }
1415
1416 case ARG_ROOT_HASH_SIG: {
1417 char *value;
1418 size_t l;
1419 void *p;
1420
1421 if ((value = startswith(optarg, "base64:"))) {
1422 r = unbase64mem(value, strlen(value), &p, &l);
1423 if (r < 0)
1424 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse root hash signature '%s': %m", optarg);
1425
1426 } else {
1427 r = read_full_file(optarg, (char**) &p, &l);
1428 if (r < 0)
1429 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed parse root hash signature file '%s': %m", optarg);
1430 }
1431
1432 free_and_replace(arg_verity_settings.root_hash_sig, p);
1433 arg_verity_settings.root_hash_sig_size = l;
1434 break;
1435 }
1436
1437 case ARG_VERITY_DATA:
1438 r = parse_path_argument(optarg, false, &arg_verity_settings.data_path);
1439 if (r < 0)
1440 return r;
1441 break;
1442
1443 case ARG_SYSTEM_CALL_FILTER: {
1444 bool negative;
1445 const char *items;
1446
1447 negative = optarg[0] == '~';
1448 items = negative ? optarg + 1 : optarg;
1449
1450 for (;;) {
1451 _cleanup_free_ char *word = NULL;
1452
1453 r = extract_first_word(&items, &word, NULL, 0);
1454 if (r == 0)
1455 break;
1456 if (r == -ENOMEM)
1457 return log_oom();
1458 if (r < 0)
1459 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse system call filter: %m");
1460
1461 if (negative)
1462 r = strv_extend(&arg_syscall_deny_list, word);
1463 else
1464 r = strv_extend(&arg_syscall_allow_list, word);
1465 if (r < 0)
1466 return log_oom();
1467 }
1468
1469 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_SYSCALL_FILTER;
1470 break;
1471 }
1472
1473 case ARG_RLIMIT: {
1474 const char *eq;
1475 _cleanup_free_ char *name = NULL;
1476 int rl;
1477
1478 if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
1479 DUMP_STRING_TABLE(rlimit, int, _RLIMIT_MAX);
1480 return 0;
1481 }
1482
1483 eq = strchr(optarg, '=');
1484 if (!eq)
1485 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1486 "--rlimit= expects an '=' assignment.");
1487
1488 name = strndup(optarg, eq - optarg);
1489 if (!name)
1490 return log_oom();
1491
1492 rl = rlimit_from_string_harder(name);
1493 if (rl < 0)
1494 return log_error_errno(rl, "Unknown resource limit: %s", name);
1495
1496 if (!arg_rlimit[rl]) {
1497 arg_rlimit[rl] = new0(struct rlimit, 1);
1498 if (!arg_rlimit[rl])
1499 return log_oom();
1500 }
1501
1502 r = rlimit_parse(rl, eq + 1, arg_rlimit[rl]);
1503 if (r < 0)
1504 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse resource limit: %s", eq + 1);
1505
1506 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_RLIMIT_FIRST << rl;
1507 break;
1508 }
1509
1510 case ARG_OOM_SCORE_ADJUST:
1511 r = parse_oom_score_adjust(optarg, &arg_oom_score_adjust);
1512 if (r < 0)
1513 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --oom-score-adjust= parameter: %s", optarg);
1514
1515 arg_oom_score_adjust_set = true;
1516 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_OOM_SCORE_ADJUST;
1517 break;
1518
1519 case ARG_CPU_AFFINITY: {
1520 CPUSet cpuset;
1521
1522 r = parse_cpu_set(optarg, &cpuset);
1523 if (r < 0)
1524 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse CPU affinity mask %s: %m", optarg);
1525
1526 cpu_set_reset(&arg_cpu_set);
1527 arg_cpu_set = cpuset;
1528 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CPU_AFFINITY;
1529 break;
1530 }
1531
1532 case ARG_RESOLV_CONF:
1533 if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
1534 DUMP_STRING_TABLE(resolv_conf_mode, ResolvConfMode, _RESOLV_CONF_MODE_MAX);
1535 return 0;
1536 }
1537
1538 arg_resolv_conf = resolv_conf_mode_from_string(optarg);
1539 if (arg_resolv_conf < 0)
1540 return log_error_errno(arg_resolv_conf,
1541 "Failed to parse /etc/resolv.conf mode: %s", optarg);
1542
1543 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_RESOLV_CONF;
1544 break;
1545
1546 case ARG_TIMEZONE:
1547 if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
1548 DUMP_STRING_TABLE(timezone_mode, TimezoneMode, _TIMEZONE_MODE_MAX);
1549 return 0;
1550 }
1551
1552 arg_timezone = timezone_mode_from_string(optarg);
1553 if (arg_timezone < 0)
1554 return log_error_errno(arg_timezone,
1555 "Failed to parse /etc/localtime mode: %s", optarg);
1556
1557 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_TIMEZONE;
1558 break;
1559
1560 case ARG_CONSOLE:
1561 r = handle_arg_console(optarg);
1562 if (r <= 0)
1563 return r;
1564 break;
1565
1566 case 'P':
1567 case ARG_PIPE:
1568 r = handle_arg_console("pipe");
1569 if (r <= 0)
1570 return r;
1571 break;
1572
1573 case ARG_NO_PAGER:
1574 arg_pager_flags |= PAGER_DISABLE;
1575 break;
1576
1577 case ARG_SET_CREDENTIAL: {
1578 _cleanup_free_ char *word = NULL, *data = NULL;
1579 const char *p = optarg;
1580 Credential *a;
1581 ssize_t l;
1582
1583 r = extract_first_word(&p, &word, ":", EXTRACT_DONT_COALESCE_SEPARATORS);
1584 if (r == -ENOMEM)
1585 return log_oom();
1586 if (r < 0)
1587 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --set-credential= parameter: %m");
1588 if (r == 0 || !p)
1589 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Missing value for --set-credential=: %s", optarg);
1590
1591 if (!credential_name_valid(word))
1592 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Credential name is not valid: %s", word);
1593
1594 for (size_t i = 0; i < arg_n_credentials; i++)
1595 if (streq(arg_credentials[i].id, word))
1596 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EEXIST), "Duplicate credential '%s', refusing.", word);
1597
1598 l = cunescape(p, UNESCAPE_ACCEPT_NUL, &data);
1599 if (l < 0)
1600 return log_error_errno(l, "Failed to unescape credential data: %s", p);
1601
1602 a = reallocarray(arg_credentials, arg_n_credentials + 1, sizeof(Credential));
1603 if (!a)
1604 return log_oom();
1605
1606 a[arg_n_credentials++] = (Credential) {
1607 .id = TAKE_PTR(word),
1608 .data = TAKE_PTR(data),
1609 .size = l,
1610 };
1611
1612 arg_credentials = a;
1613
1614 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CREDENTIALS;
1615 break;
1616 }
1617
1618 case ARG_LOAD_CREDENTIAL: {
1619 ReadFullFileFlags flags = READ_FULL_FILE_SECURE;
1620 _cleanup_(erase_and_freep) char *data = NULL;
1621 _cleanup_free_ char *word = NULL, *j = NULL;
1622 const char *p = optarg;
1623 Credential *a;
1624 size_t size, i;
1625
1626 r = extract_first_word(&p, &word, ":", EXTRACT_DONT_COALESCE_SEPARATORS);
1627 if (r == -ENOMEM)
1628 return log_oom();
1629 if (r < 0)
1630 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --set-credential= parameter: %m");
1631 if (r == 0 || !p)
1632 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Missing value for --set-credential=: %s", optarg);
1633
1634 if (!credential_name_valid(word))
1635 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Credential name is not valid: %s", word);
1636
1637 for (i = 0; i < arg_n_credentials; i++)
1638 if (streq(arg_credentials[i].id, word))
1639 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EEXIST), "Duplicate credential '%s', refusing.", word);
1640
1641 if (path_is_absolute(p))
1642 flags |= READ_FULL_FILE_CONNECT_SOCKET;
1643 else {
1644 const char *e;
1645
1646 r = get_credentials_dir(&e);
1647 if (r < 0)
1648 return log_error_errno(r, "Credential not available (no credentials passed at all): %s", word);
1649
1650 j = path_join(e, p);
1651 if (!j)
1652 return log_oom();
1653 }
1654
1655 r = read_full_file_full(AT_FDCWD, j ?: p, UINT64_MAX, SIZE_MAX,
1656 flags,
1657 NULL,
1658 &data, &size);
1659 if (r < 0)
1660 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to read credential '%s': %m", j ?: p);
1661
1662 a = reallocarray(arg_credentials, arg_n_credentials + 1, sizeof(Credential));
1663 if (!a)
1664 return log_oom();
1665
1666 a[arg_n_credentials++] = (Credential) {
1667 .id = TAKE_PTR(word),
1668 .data = TAKE_PTR(data),
1669 .size = size,
1670 };
1671
1672 arg_credentials = a;
1673
1674 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CREDENTIALS;
1675 break;
1676 }
1677
1678 case ARG_BIND_USER:
1679 if (!valid_user_group_name(optarg, 0))
1680 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Invalid user name to bind: %s", optarg);
1681
1682 if (strv_extend(&arg_bind_user, optarg) < 0)
1683 return log_oom();
1684
1685 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_BIND_USER;
1686 break;
1687
1688 case ARG_SUPPRESS_SYNC:
1689 r = parse_boolean_argument("--suppress-sync=", optarg, &arg_suppress_sync);
1690 if (r < 0)
1691 return r;
1692
1693 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_SUPPRESS_SYNC;
1694 break;
1695
1696 case '?':
1697 return -EINVAL;
1698
1699 default:
1700 assert_not_reached();
1701 }
1702
1703 if (argc > optind) {
1704 strv_free(arg_parameters);
1705 arg_parameters = strv_copy(argv + optind);
1706 if (!arg_parameters)
1707 return log_oom();
1708
1709 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_START_MODE;
1710 }
1711
1712 if (arg_ephemeral && arg_template && !arg_directory)
1713 /* User asked for ephemeral execution but specified --template= instead of --directory=. Semantically
1714 * such an invocation makes some sense, see https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/3667. Let's
1715 * accept this here, and silently make "--ephemeral --template=" equivalent to "--ephemeral
1716 * --directory=". */
1717 arg_directory = TAKE_PTR(arg_template);
1718
1719 arg_caps_retain = (arg_caps_retain | plus | (arg_private_network ? UINT64_C(1) << CAP_NET_ADMIN : 0)) & ~minus;
1720
1721 /* Make sure to parse environment before we reset the settings mask below */
1722 r = parse_environment();
1723 if (r < 0)
1724 return r;
1725
1726 /* Load all settings from .nspawn files */
1727 if (mask_no_settings)
1728 arg_settings_mask = 0;
1729
1730 /* Don't load any settings from .nspawn files */
1731 if (mask_all_settings)
1732 arg_settings_mask = _SETTINGS_MASK_ALL;
1733
1734 return 1;
1735 }
1736
1737 static int verify_arguments(void) {
1738 int r;
1739
1740 if (arg_start_mode == START_PID2 && arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy == CGROUP_UNIFIED_UNKNOWN) {
1741 /* If we are running the stub init in the container, we don't need to look at what the init
1742 * in the container supports, because we are not using it. Let's immediately pick the right
1743 * setting based on the host system configuration.
1744 *
1745 * We only do this, if the user didn't use an environment variable to override the detection.
1746 */
1747
1748 r = cg_all_unified();
1749 if (r < 0)
1750 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine whether we are in all unified mode.");
1751 if (r > 0)
1752 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_ALL;
1753 else if (cg_unified_controller(SYSTEMD_CGROUP_CONTROLLER) > 0)
1754 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_SYSTEMD;
1755 else
1756 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE;
1757 }
1758
1759 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO)
1760 arg_mount_settings |= MOUNT_USE_USERNS;
1761
1762 if (arg_private_network)
1763 arg_mount_settings |= MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_NETNS;
1764
1765 if (!(arg_clone_ns_flags & CLONE_NEWPID) ||
1766 !(arg_clone_ns_flags & CLONE_NEWUTS)) {
1767 arg_register = false;
1768 if (arg_start_mode != START_PID1)
1769 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--boot cannot be used without namespacing.");
1770 }
1771
1772 if (arg_userns_ownership < 0)
1773 arg_userns_ownership =
1774 arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_PICK ? USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_AUTO :
1775 USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_OFF;
1776
1777 if (arg_start_mode == START_BOOT && arg_kill_signal <= 0)
1778 arg_kill_signal = SIGRTMIN+3;
1779
1780 if (arg_volatile_mode != VOLATILE_NO) /* Make sure all file systems contained in the image are mounted read-only if we are in volatile mode */
1781 arg_read_only = true;
1782
1783 if (has_custom_root_mount(arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts))
1784 arg_read_only = true;
1785
1786 if (arg_keep_unit && arg_register && cg_pid_get_owner_uid(0, NULL) >= 0)
1787 /* Save the user from accidentally registering either user-$SESSION.scope or user@.service.
1788 * The latter is not technically a user session, but we don't need to labour the point. */
1789 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--keep-unit --register=yes may not be used when invoked from a user session.");
1790
1791 if (arg_directory && arg_image)
1792 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--directory= and --image= may not be combined.");
1793
1794 if (arg_template && arg_image)
1795 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--template= and --image= may not be combined.");
1796
1797 if (arg_template && !(arg_directory || arg_machine))
1798 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--template= needs --directory= or --machine=.");
1799
1800 if (arg_ephemeral && arg_template)
1801 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--ephemeral and --template= may not be combined.");
1802
1803 if (arg_ephemeral && !IN_SET(arg_link_journal, LINK_NO, LINK_AUTO))
1804 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--ephemeral and --link-journal= may not be combined.");
1805
1806 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO && !userns_supported())
1807 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EOPNOTSUPP), "--private-users= is not supported, kernel compiled without user namespace support.");
1808
1809 if (arg_userns_ownership == USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_CHOWN && arg_read_only)
1810 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1811 "--read-only and --private-users-ownership=chown may not be combined.");
1812
1813 /* We don't support --private-users-ownership=chown together with any of the volatile modes since we
1814 * couldn't change the read-only part of the tree (i.e. /usr) anyway, or because it would trigger a
1815 * massive copy-up (in case of overlay) making the entire exercise pointless. */
1816 if (arg_userns_ownership == USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_CHOWN && arg_volatile_mode != VOLATILE_NO)
1817 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--volatile= and --private-users-ownership=chown may not be combined.");
1818
1819 /* If --network-namespace-path is given with any other network-related option (except --private-network),
1820 * we need to error out, to avoid conflicts between different network options. */
1821 if (arg_network_namespace_path &&
1822 (arg_network_interfaces || arg_network_macvlan ||
1823 arg_network_ipvlan || arg_network_veth_extra ||
1824 arg_network_bridge || arg_network_zone ||
1825 arg_network_veth))
1826 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--network-namespace-path= cannot be combined with other network options.");
1827
1828 if (arg_network_bridge && arg_network_zone)
1829 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1830 "--network-bridge= and --network-zone= may not be combined.");
1831
1832 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO && (arg_mount_settings & MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_NETNS) && !arg_private_network)
1833 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Invalid namespacing settings. Mounting sysfs with --private-users requires --private-network.");
1834
1835 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO && !(arg_mount_settings & MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_RO))
1836 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Cannot combine --private-users with read-write mounts.");
1837
1838 if (arg_expose_ports && !arg_private_network)
1839 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Cannot use --port= without private networking.");
1840
1841 if (arg_caps_ambient) {
1842 if (arg_caps_ambient == UINT64_MAX)
1843 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "AmbientCapability= does not support the value all.");
1844
1845 if ((arg_caps_ambient & arg_caps_retain) != arg_caps_ambient)
1846 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "AmbientCapability= setting is not fully covered by Capability= setting.");
1847
1848 if (arg_start_mode == START_BOOT)
1849 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "AmbientCapability= setting is not useful for boot mode.");
1850 }
1851
1852 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_NO && !strv_isempty(arg_bind_user))
1853 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--bind-user= requires --private-users");
1854
1855 /* Drop duplicate --bind-user= entries */
1856 strv_uniq(arg_bind_user);
1857
1858 r = custom_mount_check_all();
1859 if (r < 0)
1860 return r;
1861
1862 return 0;
1863 }
1864
1865 int userns_lchown(const char *p, uid_t uid, gid_t gid) {
1866 assert(p);
1867
1868 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_NO)
1869 return 0;
1870
1871 if (uid == UID_INVALID && gid == GID_INVALID)
1872 return 0;
1873
1874 if (uid != UID_INVALID) {
1875 uid += arg_uid_shift;
1876
1877 if (uid < arg_uid_shift || uid >= arg_uid_shift + arg_uid_range)
1878 return -EOVERFLOW;
1879 }
1880
1881 if (gid != GID_INVALID) {
1882 gid += (gid_t) arg_uid_shift;
1883
1884 if (gid < (gid_t) arg_uid_shift || gid >= (gid_t) (arg_uid_shift + arg_uid_range))
1885 return -EOVERFLOW;
1886 }
1887
1888 return RET_NERRNO(lchown(p, uid, gid));
1889 }
1890
1891 int userns_mkdir(const char *root, const char *path, mode_t mode, uid_t uid, gid_t gid) {
1892 const char *q;
1893 int r;
1894
1895 q = prefix_roota(root, path);
1896 r = RET_NERRNO(mkdir(q, mode));
1897 if (r == -EEXIST)
1898 return 0;
1899 if (r < 0)
1900 return r;
1901
1902 return userns_lchown(q, uid, gid);
1903 }
1904
1905 static const char *timezone_from_path(const char *path) {
1906 return PATH_STARTSWITH_SET(
1907 path,
1908 "../usr/share/zoneinfo/",
1909 "/usr/share/zoneinfo/");
1910 }
1911
1912 static bool etc_writable(void) {
1913 return !arg_read_only || IN_SET(arg_volatile_mode, VOLATILE_YES, VOLATILE_OVERLAY);
1914 }
1915
1916 static int setup_timezone(const char *dest) {
1917 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL, *etc = NULL;
1918 const char *where, *check;
1919 TimezoneMode m;
1920 int r;
1921
1922 assert(dest);
1923
1924 if (IN_SET(arg_timezone, TIMEZONE_AUTO, TIMEZONE_SYMLINK)) {
1925 r = readlink_malloc("/etc/localtime", &p);
1926 if (r == -ENOENT && arg_timezone == TIMEZONE_AUTO)
1927 m = etc_writable() ? TIMEZONE_DELETE : TIMEZONE_OFF;
1928 else if (r == -EINVAL && arg_timezone == TIMEZONE_AUTO) /* regular file? */
1929 m = etc_writable() ? TIMEZONE_COPY : TIMEZONE_BIND;
1930 else if (r < 0) {
1931 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to read host's /etc/localtime symlink, not updating container timezone: %m");
1932 /* To handle warning, delete /etc/localtime and replace it with a symbolic link to a time zone data
1933 * file.
1934 *
1935 * Example:
1936 * ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/UTC /etc/localtime
1937 */
1938 return 0;
1939 } else if (arg_timezone == TIMEZONE_AUTO)
1940 m = etc_writable() ? TIMEZONE_SYMLINK : TIMEZONE_BIND;
1941 else
1942 m = arg_timezone;
1943 } else
1944 m = arg_timezone;
1945
1946 if (m == TIMEZONE_OFF)
1947 return 0;
1948
1949 r = chase_symlinks("/etc", dest, CHASE_PREFIX_ROOT, &etc, NULL);
1950 if (r < 0) {
1951 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to resolve /etc path in container, ignoring: %m");
1952 return 0;
1953 }
1954
1955 where = strjoina(etc, "/localtime");
1956
1957 switch (m) {
1958
1959 case TIMEZONE_DELETE:
1960 if (unlink(where) < 0)
1961 log_full_errno(errno == ENOENT ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING, errno, "Failed to remove '%s', ignoring: %m", where);
1962
1963 return 0;
1964
1965 case TIMEZONE_SYMLINK: {
1966 _cleanup_free_ char *q = NULL;
1967 const char *z, *what;
1968
1969 z = timezone_from_path(p);
1970 if (!z) {
1971 log_warning("/etc/localtime does not point into /usr/share/zoneinfo/, not updating container timezone.");
1972 return 0;
1973 }
1974
1975 r = readlink_malloc(where, &q);
1976 if (r >= 0 && streq_ptr(timezone_from_path(q), z))
1977 return 0; /* Already pointing to the right place? Then do nothing .. */
1978
1979 check = strjoina(dest, "/usr/share/zoneinfo/", z);
1980 r = chase_symlinks(check, dest, 0, NULL, NULL);
1981 if (r < 0)
1982 log_debug_errno(r, "Timezone %s does not exist (or is not accessible) in container, not creating symlink: %m", z);
1983 else {
1984 if (unlink(where) < 0 && errno != ENOENT) {
1985 log_full_errno(IN_SET(errno, EROFS, EACCES, EPERM) ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING, /* Don't complain on read-only images */
1986 errno, "Failed to remove existing timezone info %s in container, ignoring: %m", where);
1987 return 0;
1988 }
1989
1990 what = strjoina("../usr/share/zoneinfo/", z);
1991 if (symlink(what, where) < 0) {
1992 log_full_errno(IN_SET(errno, EROFS, EACCES, EPERM) ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING,
1993 errno, "Failed to correct timezone of container, ignoring: %m");
1994 return 0;
1995 }
1996
1997 break;
1998 }
1999
2000 _fallthrough_;
2001 }
2002
2003 case TIMEZONE_BIND: {
2004 _cleanup_free_ char *resolved = NULL;
2005 int found;
2006
2007 found = chase_symlinks(where, dest, CHASE_NONEXISTENT, &resolved, NULL);
2008 if (found < 0) {
2009 log_warning_errno(found, "Failed to resolve /etc/localtime path in container, ignoring: %m");
2010 return 0;
2011 }
2012
2013 if (found == 0) /* missing? */
2014 (void) touch(resolved);
2015
2016 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_WARNING, "/etc/localtime", resolved, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
2017 if (r >= 0)
2018 return mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, resolved, NULL, MS_BIND|MS_REMOUNT|MS_RDONLY|MS_NOSUID|MS_NODEV, NULL);
2019
2020 _fallthrough_;
2021 }
2022
2023 case TIMEZONE_COPY:
2024 /* If mounting failed, try to copy */
2025 r = copy_file_atomic("/etc/localtime", where, 0644, 0, 0, COPY_REFLINK|COPY_REPLACE);
2026 if (r < 0) {
2027 log_full_errno(IN_SET(r, -EROFS, -EACCES, -EPERM) ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING, r,
2028 "Failed to copy /etc/localtime to %s, ignoring: %m", where);
2029 return 0;
2030 }
2031
2032 break;
2033
2034 default:
2035 assert_not_reached();
2036 }
2037
2038 /* Fix permissions of the symlink or file copy we just created */
2039 r = userns_lchown(where, 0, 0);
2040 if (r < 0)
2041 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to chown /etc/localtime, ignoring: %m");
2042
2043 return 0;
2044 }
2045
2046 static int have_resolv_conf(const char *path) {
2047 assert(path);
2048
2049 if (access(path, F_OK) < 0) {
2050 if (errno == ENOENT)
2051 return 0;
2052
2053 return log_debug_errno(errno, "Failed to determine whether '%s' is available: %m", path);
2054 }
2055
2056 return 1;
2057 }
2058
2059 static int resolved_listening(void) {
2060 _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
2061 _cleanup_(sd_bus_flush_close_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
2062 _cleanup_free_ char *dns_stub_listener_mode = NULL;
2063 int r;
2064
2065 /* Check if resolved is listening */
2066
2067 r = sd_bus_open_system(&bus);
2068 if (r < 0)
2069 return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to open system bus: %m");
2070
2071 r = bus_name_has_owner(bus, "org.freedesktop.resolve1", NULL);
2072 if (r < 0)
2073 return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to check whether the 'org.freedesktop.resolve1' bus name is taken: %m");
2074 if (r == 0)
2075 return 0;
2076
2077 r = sd_bus_get_property_string(bus,
2078 "org.freedesktop.resolve1",
2079 "/org/freedesktop/resolve1",
2080 "org.freedesktop.resolve1.Manager",
2081 "DNSStubListener",
2082 &error,
2083 &dns_stub_listener_mode);
2084 if (r < 0)
2085 return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to query DNSStubListener property: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
2086
2087 return STR_IN_SET(dns_stub_listener_mode, "udp", "yes");
2088 }
2089
2090 static int setup_resolv_conf(const char *dest) {
2091 _cleanup_free_ char *etc = NULL;
2092 const char *where, *what;
2093 ResolvConfMode m;
2094 int r;
2095
2096 assert(dest);
2097
2098 if (arg_resolv_conf == RESOLV_CONF_AUTO) {
2099 if (arg_private_network)
2100 m = RESOLV_CONF_OFF;
2101 else if (have_resolv_conf(PRIVATE_STUB_RESOLV_CONF) > 0 && resolved_listening() > 0)
2102 m = etc_writable() ? RESOLV_CONF_COPY_STUB : RESOLV_CONF_BIND_STUB;
2103 else if (have_resolv_conf("/etc/resolv.conf") > 0)
2104 m = etc_writable() ? RESOLV_CONF_COPY_HOST : RESOLV_CONF_BIND_HOST;
2105 else
2106 m = etc_writable() ? RESOLV_CONF_DELETE : RESOLV_CONF_OFF;
2107
2108 } else
2109 m = arg_resolv_conf;
2110
2111 if (m == RESOLV_CONF_OFF)
2112 return 0;
2113
2114 r = chase_symlinks("/etc", dest, CHASE_PREFIX_ROOT, &etc, NULL);
2115 if (r < 0) {
2116 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to resolve /etc path in container, ignoring: %m");
2117 return 0;
2118 }
2119
2120 where = strjoina(etc, "/resolv.conf");
2121
2122 if (m == RESOLV_CONF_DELETE) {
2123 if (unlink(where) < 0)
2124 log_full_errno(errno == ENOENT ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING, errno, "Failed to remove '%s', ignoring: %m", where);
2125
2126 return 0;
2127 }
2128
2129 if (IN_SET(m, RESOLV_CONF_BIND_STATIC, RESOLV_CONF_REPLACE_STATIC, RESOLV_CONF_COPY_STATIC))
2130 what = PRIVATE_STATIC_RESOLV_CONF;
2131 else if (IN_SET(m, RESOLV_CONF_BIND_UPLINK, RESOLV_CONF_REPLACE_UPLINK, RESOLV_CONF_COPY_UPLINK))
2132 what = PRIVATE_UPLINK_RESOLV_CONF;
2133 else if (IN_SET(m, RESOLV_CONF_BIND_STUB, RESOLV_CONF_REPLACE_STUB, RESOLV_CONF_COPY_STUB))
2134 what = PRIVATE_STUB_RESOLV_CONF;
2135 else
2136 what = "/etc/resolv.conf";
2137
2138 if (IN_SET(m, RESOLV_CONF_BIND_HOST, RESOLV_CONF_BIND_STATIC, RESOLV_CONF_BIND_UPLINK, RESOLV_CONF_BIND_STUB)) {
2139 _cleanup_free_ char *resolved = NULL;
2140 int found;
2141
2142 found = chase_symlinks(where, dest, CHASE_NONEXISTENT, &resolved, NULL);
2143 if (found < 0) {
2144 log_warning_errno(found, "Failed to resolve /etc/resolv.conf path in container, ignoring: %m");
2145 return 0;
2146 }
2147
2148 if (found == 0) /* missing? */
2149 (void) touch(resolved);
2150
2151 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_WARNING, what, resolved, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
2152 if (r >= 0)
2153 return mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, resolved, NULL, MS_BIND|MS_REMOUNT|MS_RDONLY|MS_NOSUID|MS_NODEV, NULL);
2154
2155 /* If that didn't work, let's copy the file */
2156 }
2157
2158 if (IN_SET(m, RESOLV_CONF_REPLACE_HOST, RESOLV_CONF_REPLACE_STATIC, RESOLV_CONF_REPLACE_UPLINK, RESOLV_CONF_REPLACE_STUB))
2159 r = copy_file_atomic(what, where, 0644, 0, 0, COPY_REFLINK|COPY_REPLACE);
2160 else
2161 r = copy_file(what, where, O_TRUNC|O_NOFOLLOW, 0644, 0, 0, COPY_REFLINK);
2162 if (r < 0) {
2163 /* If the file already exists as symlink, let's suppress the warning, under the assumption that
2164 * resolved or something similar runs inside and the symlink points there.
2165 *
2166 * If the disk image is read-only, there's also no point in complaining.
2167 */
2168 log_full_errno(!IN_SET(RESOLV_CONF_COPY_HOST, RESOLV_CONF_COPY_STATIC, RESOLV_CONF_COPY_UPLINK, RESOLV_CONF_COPY_STUB) &&
2169 IN_SET(r, -ELOOP, -EROFS, -EACCES, -EPERM) ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING, r,
2170 "Failed to copy /etc/resolv.conf to %s, ignoring: %m", where);
2171 return 0;
2172 }
2173
2174 r = userns_lchown(where, 0, 0);
2175 if (r < 0)
2176 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to chown /etc/resolv.conf, ignoring: %m");
2177
2178 return 0;
2179 }
2180
2181 static int setup_boot_id(void) {
2182 _cleanup_(unlink_and_freep) char *from = NULL;
2183 _cleanup_free_ char *path = NULL;
2184 sd_id128_t rnd = SD_ID128_NULL;
2185 const char *to;
2186 int r;
2187
2188 /* Generate a new randomized boot ID, so that each boot-up of the container gets a new one */
2189
2190 r = tempfn_random_child("/run", "proc-sys-kernel-random-boot-id", &path);
2191 if (r < 0)
2192 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate random boot ID path: %m");
2193
2194 r = sd_id128_randomize(&rnd);
2195 if (r < 0)
2196 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate random boot id: %m");
2197
2198 r = id128_write(path, ID128_UUID, rnd, false);
2199 if (r < 0)
2200 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write boot id: %m");
2201
2202 from = TAKE_PTR(path);
2203 to = "/proc/sys/kernel/random/boot_id";
2204
2205 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, from, to, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
2206 if (r < 0)
2207 return r;
2208
2209 return mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, to, NULL, MS_BIND|MS_REMOUNT|MS_RDONLY|MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NODEV, NULL);
2210 }
2211
2212 static int copy_devnodes(const char *dest) {
2213 static const char devnodes[] =
2214 "null\0"
2215 "zero\0"
2216 "full\0"
2217 "random\0"
2218 "urandom\0"
2219 "tty\0"
2220 "net/tun\0";
2221
2222 const char *d;
2223 int r = 0;
2224
2225 assert(dest);
2226
2227 BLOCK_WITH_UMASK(0000);
2228
2229 /* Create /dev/net, so that we can create /dev/net/tun in it */
2230 if (userns_mkdir(dest, "/dev/net", 0755, 0, 0) < 0)
2231 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create /dev/net directory: %m");
2232
2233 NULSTR_FOREACH(d, devnodes) {
2234 _cleanup_free_ char *from = NULL, *to = NULL;
2235 struct stat st;
2236
2237 from = path_join("/dev/", d);
2238 if (!from)
2239 return log_oom();
2240
2241 to = path_join(dest, from);
2242 if (!to)
2243 return log_oom();
2244
2245 if (stat(from, &st) < 0) {
2246
2247 if (errno != ENOENT)
2248 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to stat %s: %m", from);
2249
2250 } else if (!S_ISCHR(st.st_mode) && !S_ISBLK(st.st_mode))
2251 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
2252 "%s is not a char or block device, cannot copy.", from);
2253 else {
2254 _cleanup_free_ char *sl = NULL, *prefixed = NULL, *dn = NULL, *t = NULL;
2255
2256 if (mknod(to, st.st_mode, st.st_rdev) < 0) {
2257 /* Explicitly warn the user when /dev is already populated. */
2258 if (errno == EEXIST)
2259 log_notice("%s/dev is pre-mounted and pre-populated. If a pre-mounted /dev is provided it needs to be an unpopulated file system.", dest);
2260 if (errno != EPERM)
2261 return log_error_errno(errno, "mknod(%s) failed: %m", to);
2262
2263 /* Some systems abusively restrict mknod but allow bind mounts. */
2264 r = touch(to);
2265 if (r < 0)
2266 return log_error_errno(r, "touch (%s) failed: %m", to);
2267 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_DEBUG, from, to, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
2268 if (r < 0)
2269 return log_error_errno(r, "Both mknod and bind mount (%s) failed: %m", to);
2270 }
2271
2272 r = userns_lchown(to, 0, 0);
2273 if (r < 0)
2274 return log_error_errno(r, "chown() of device node %s failed: %m", to);
2275
2276 dn = path_join("/dev", S_ISCHR(st.st_mode) ? "char" : "block");
2277 if (!dn)
2278 return log_oom();
2279
2280 r = userns_mkdir(dest, dn, 0755, 0, 0);
2281 if (r < 0)
2282 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create '%s': %m", dn);
2283
2284 if (asprintf(&sl, "%s/%u:%u", dn, major(st.st_rdev), minor(st.st_rdev)) < 0)
2285 return log_oom();
2286
2287 prefixed = path_join(dest, sl);
2288 if (!prefixed)
2289 return log_oom();
2290
2291 t = path_join("..", d);
2292 if (!t)
2293 return log_oom();
2294
2295 if (symlink(t, prefixed) < 0)
2296 log_debug_errno(errno, "Failed to symlink '%s' to '%s': %m", t, prefixed);
2297 }
2298 }
2299
2300 return r;
2301 }
2302
2303 static int make_extra_nodes(const char *dest) {
2304 size_t i;
2305 int r;
2306
2307 BLOCK_WITH_UMASK(0000);
2308
2309 for (i = 0; i < arg_n_extra_nodes; i++) {
2310 _cleanup_free_ char *path = NULL;
2311 DeviceNode *n = arg_extra_nodes + i;
2312
2313 path = path_join(dest, n->path);
2314 if (!path)
2315 return log_oom();
2316
2317 if (mknod(path, n->mode, S_ISCHR(n->mode) || S_ISBLK(n->mode) ? makedev(n->major, n->minor) : 0) < 0)
2318 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create device node '%s': %m", path);
2319
2320 r = chmod_and_chown(path, n->mode, n->uid, n->gid);
2321 if (r < 0)
2322 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to adjust device node ownership of '%s': %m", path);
2323 }
2324
2325 return 0;
2326 }
2327
2328 static int setup_pts(const char *dest) {
2329 _cleanup_free_ char *options = NULL;
2330 const char *p;
2331 int r;
2332
2333 #if HAVE_SELINUX
2334 if (arg_selinux_apifs_context)
2335 (void) asprintf(&options,
2336 "newinstance,ptmxmode=0666,mode=620,gid=" GID_FMT ",context=\"%s\"",
2337 arg_uid_shift + TTY_GID,
2338 arg_selinux_apifs_context);
2339 else
2340 #endif
2341 (void) asprintf(&options,
2342 "newinstance,ptmxmode=0666,mode=620,gid=" GID_FMT,
2343 arg_uid_shift + TTY_GID);
2344
2345 if (!options)
2346 return log_oom();
2347
2348 /* Mount /dev/pts itself */
2349 p = prefix_roota(dest, "/dev/pts");
2350 r = RET_NERRNO(mkdir(p, 0755));
2351 if (r < 0)
2352 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create /dev/pts: %m");
2353
2354 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, "devpts", p, "devpts", MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC, options);
2355 if (r < 0)
2356 return r;
2357 r = userns_lchown(p, 0, 0);
2358 if (r < 0)
2359 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to chown /dev/pts: %m");
2360
2361 /* Create /dev/ptmx symlink */
2362 p = prefix_roota(dest, "/dev/ptmx");
2363 if (symlink("pts/ptmx", p) < 0)
2364 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create /dev/ptmx symlink: %m");
2365 r = userns_lchown(p, 0, 0);
2366 if (r < 0)
2367 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to chown /dev/ptmx: %m");
2368
2369 /* And fix /dev/pts/ptmx ownership */
2370 p = prefix_roota(dest, "/dev/pts/ptmx");
2371 r = userns_lchown(p, 0, 0);
2372 if (r < 0)
2373 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to chown /dev/pts/ptmx: %m");
2374
2375 return 0;
2376 }
2377
2378 static int setup_stdio_as_dev_console(void) {
2379 _cleanup_close_ int terminal = -1;
2380 int r;
2381
2382 /* We open the TTY in O_NOCTTY mode, so that we do not become controller yet. We'll do that later
2383 * explicitly, if we are configured to. */
2384 terminal = open_terminal("/dev/console", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY);
2385 if (terminal < 0)
2386 return log_error_errno(terminal, "Failed to open console: %m");
2387
2388 /* Make sure we can continue logging to the original stderr, even if
2389 * stderr points elsewhere now */
2390 r = log_dup_console();
2391 if (r < 0)
2392 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to duplicate stderr: %m");
2393
2394 /* invalidates 'terminal' on success and failure */
2395 r = rearrange_stdio(terminal, terminal, terminal);
2396 TAKE_FD(terminal);
2397 if (r < 0)
2398 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to move console to stdin/stdout/stderr: %m");
2399
2400 return 0;
2401 }
2402
2403 static int setup_dev_console(const char *console) {
2404 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
2405 int r;
2406
2407 /* Create /dev/console symlink */
2408 r = path_make_relative("/dev", console, &p);
2409 if (r < 0)
2410 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create relative path: %m");
2411
2412 if (symlink(p, "/dev/console") < 0)
2413 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create /dev/console symlink: %m");
2414
2415 return 0;
2416 }
2417
2418 static int setup_keyring(void) {
2419 key_serial_t keyring;
2420
2421 /* Allocate a new session keyring for the container. This makes sure the keyring of the session
2422 * systemd-nspawn was invoked from doesn't leak into the container. Note that by default we block
2423 * keyctl() and request_key() anyway via seccomp so doing this operation isn't strictly necessary,
2424 * but in case people explicitly allow-list these system calls let's make sure we don't leak anything
2425 * into the container. */
2426
2427 keyring = keyctl(KEYCTL_JOIN_SESSION_KEYRING, 0, 0, 0, 0);
2428 if (keyring == -1) {
2429 if (errno == ENOSYS)
2430 log_debug_errno(errno, "Kernel keyring not supported, ignoring.");
2431 else if (ERRNO_IS_PRIVILEGE(errno))
2432 log_debug_errno(errno, "Kernel keyring access prohibited, ignoring.");
2433 else
2434 return log_error_errno(errno, "Setting up kernel keyring failed: %m");
2435 }
2436
2437 return 0;
2438 }
2439
2440 static int setup_credentials(const char *root) {
2441 const char *q;
2442 int r;
2443
2444 if (arg_n_credentials <= 0)
2445 return 0;
2446
2447 r = userns_mkdir(root, "/run/host", 0755, 0, 0);
2448 if (r < 0)
2449 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create /run/host: %m");
2450
2451 r = userns_mkdir(root, "/run/host/credentials", 0700, 0, 0);
2452 if (r < 0)
2453 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create /run/host/credentials: %m");
2454
2455 q = prefix_roota(root, "/run/host/credentials");
2456 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, q, "ramfs", MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NODEV, "mode=0700");
2457 if (r < 0)
2458 return r;
2459
2460 for (size_t i = 0; i < arg_n_credentials; i++) {
2461 _cleanup_free_ char *j = NULL;
2462 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
2463
2464 j = path_join(q, arg_credentials[i].id);
2465 if (!j)
2466 return log_oom();
2467
2468 fd = open(j, O_CREAT|O_EXCL|O_WRONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW, 0600);
2469 if (fd < 0)
2470 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create credential file %s: %m", j);
2471
2472 r = loop_write(fd, arg_credentials[i].data, arg_credentials[i].size, /* do_poll= */ false);
2473 if (r < 0)
2474 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write credential to file %s: %m", j);
2475
2476 if (fchmod(fd, 0400) < 0)
2477 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to adjust access mode of %s: %m", j);
2478
2479 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
2480 if (fchown(fd, arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_shift) < 0)
2481 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to adjust ownership of %s: %m", j);
2482 }
2483 }
2484
2485 if (chmod(q, 0500) < 0)
2486 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to adjust access mode of %s: %m", q);
2487
2488 r = userns_lchown(q, 0, 0);
2489 if (r < 0)
2490 return r;
2491
2492 /* Make both mount and superblock read-only now */
2493 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, q, NULL, MS_REMOUNT|MS_BIND|MS_RDONLY|MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NODEV, NULL);
2494 if (r < 0)
2495 return r;
2496
2497 return mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, q, NULL, MS_REMOUNT|MS_RDONLY|MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NODEV, "mode=0500");
2498 }
2499
2500 static int setup_kmsg(int kmsg_socket) {
2501 _cleanup_(unlink_and_freep) char *from = NULL;
2502 _cleanup_free_ char *fifo = NULL;
2503 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
2504 int r;
2505
2506 assert(kmsg_socket >= 0);
2507
2508 BLOCK_WITH_UMASK(0000);
2509
2510 /* We create the kmsg FIFO as as temporary file in /run, but immediately delete it after bind mounting it to
2511 * /proc/kmsg. While FIFOs on the reading side behave very similar to /proc/kmsg, their writing side behaves
2512 * differently from /dev/kmsg in that writing blocks when nothing is reading. In order to avoid any problems
2513 * with containers deadlocking due to this we simply make /dev/kmsg unavailable to the container. */
2514
2515 r = tempfn_random_child("/run", "proc-kmsg", &fifo);
2516 if (r < 0)
2517 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate kmsg path: %m");
2518
2519 if (mkfifo(fifo, 0600) < 0)
2520 return log_error_errno(errno, "mkfifo() for /run/kmsg failed: %m");
2521
2522 from = TAKE_PTR(fifo);
2523
2524 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, from, "/proc/kmsg", NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
2525 if (r < 0)
2526 return r;
2527
2528 fd = open(from, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK|O_CLOEXEC);
2529 if (fd < 0)
2530 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to open fifo: %m");
2531
2532 /* Store away the fd in the socket, so that it stays open as long as we run the child */
2533 r = send_one_fd(kmsg_socket, fd, 0);
2534 if (r < 0)
2535 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to send FIFO fd: %m");
2536
2537 return 0;
2538 }
2539
2540 struct ExposeArgs {
2541 union in_addr_union address4;
2542 union in_addr_union address6;
2543 struct FirewallContext *fw_ctx;
2544 };
2545
2546 static int on_address_change(sd_netlink *rtnl, sd_netlink_message *m, void *userdata) {
2547 struct ExposeArgs *args = ASSERT_PTR(userdata);
2548
2549 assert(rtnl);
2550 assert(m);
2551
2552 (void) expose_port_execute(rtnl, &args->fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET, &args->address4);
2553 (void) expose_port_execute(rtnl, &args->fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET6, &args->address6);
2554 return 0;
2555 }
2556
2557 static int setup_hostname(void) {
2558 int r;
2559
2560 if ((arg_clone_ns_flags & CLONE_NEWUTS) == 0)
2561 return 0;
2562
2563 r = sethostname_idempotent(arg_hostname ?: arg_machine);
2564 if (r < 0)
2565 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set hostname: %m");
2566
2567 return 0;
2568 }
2569
2570 static int setup_journal(const char *directory) {
2571 _cleanup_free_ char *d = NULL;
2572 const char *p, *q;
2573 sd_id128_t this_id;
2574 bool try;
2575 int r;
2576
2577 /* Don't link journals in ephemeral mode */
2578 if (arg_ephemeral)
2579 return 0;
2580
2581 if (arg_link_journal == LINK_NO)
2582 return 0;
2583
2584 try = arg_link_journal_try || arg_link_journal == LINK_AUTO;
2585
2586 r = sd_id128_get_machine(&this_id);
2587 if (r < 0)
2588 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to retrieve machine ID: %m");
2589
2590 if (sd_id128_equal(arg_uuid, this_id)) {
2591 log_full(try ? LOG_WARNING : LOG_ERR,
2592 "Host and machine ids are equal (%s): refusing to link journals", SD_ID128_TO_STRING(arg_uuid));
2593 if (try)
2594 return 0;
2595 return -EEXIST;
2596 }
2597
2598 FOREACH_STRING(dirname, "/var", "/var/log", "/var/log/journal") {
2599 r = userns_mkdir(directory, dirname, 0755, 0, 0);
2600 if (r < 0) {
2601 bool ignore = r == -EROFS && try;
2602 log_full_errno(ignore ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_ERR, r,
2603 "Failed to create %s%s: %m", dirname, ignore ? ", ignoring" : "");
2604 return ignore ? 0 : r;
2605 }
2606 }
2607
2608 p = strjoina("/var/log/journal/", SD_ID128_TO_STRING(arg_uuid));
2609 q = prefix_roota(directory, p);
2610
2611 if (path_is_mount_point(p, NULL, 0) > 0) {
2612 if (try)
2613 return 0;
2614
2615 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EEXIST),
2616 "%s: already a mount point, refusing to use for journal", p);
2617 }
2618
2619 if (path_is_mount_point(q, NULL, 0) > 0) {
2620 if (try)
2621 return 0;
2622
2623 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EEXIST),
2624 "%s: already a mount point, refusing to use for journal", q);
2625 }
2626
2627 r = readlink_and_make_absolute(p, &d);
2628 if (r >= 0) {
2629 if (IN_SET(arg_link_journal, LINK_GUEST, LINK_AUTO) &&
2630 path_equal(d, q)) {
2631
2632 r = userns_mkdir(directory, p, 0755, 0, 0);
2633 if (r < 0)
2634 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to create directory %s: %m", q);
2635 return 0;
2636 }
2637
2638 if (unlink(p) < 0)
2639 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to remove symlink %s: %m", p);
2640 } else if (r == -EINVAL) {
2641
2642 if (arg_link_journal == LINK_GUEST &&
2643 rmdir(p) < 0) {
2644
2645 if (errno == ENOTDIR) {
2646 log_error("%s already exists and is neither a symlink nor a directory", p);
2647 return r;
2648 } else
2649 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to remove %s: %m", p);
2650 }
2651 } else if (r != -ENOENT)
2652 return log_error_errno(r, "readlink(%s) failed: %m", p);
2653
2654 if (arg_link_journal == LINK_GUEST) {
2655
2656 if (symlink(q, p) < 0) {
2657 if (try) {
2658 log_debug_errno(errno, "Failed to symlink %s to %s, skipping journal setup: %m", q, p);
2659 return 0;
2660 } else
2661 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to symlink %s to %s: %m", q, p);
2662 }
2663
2664 r = userns_mkdir(directory, p, 0755, 0, 0);
2665 if (r < 0)
2666 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to create directory %s: %m", q);
2667 return 0;
2668 }
2669
2670 if (arg_link_journal == LINK_HOST) {
2671 /* don't create parents here — if the host doesn't have
2672 * permanent journal set up, don't force it here */
2673
2674 r = RET_NERRNO(mkdir(p, 0755));
2675 if (r < 0 && r != -EEXIST) {
2676 if (try) {
2677 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to create %s, skipping journal setup: %m", p);
2678 return 0;
2679 } else
2680 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create %s: %m", p);
2681 }
2682
2683 } else if (access(p, F_OK) < 0)
2684 return 0;
2685
2686 if (dir_is_empty(q, /* ignore_hidden_or_backup= */ false) == 0)
2687 log_warning("%s is not empty, proceeding anyway.", q);
2688
2689 r = userns_mkdir(directory, p, 0755, 0, 0);
2690 if (r < 0)
2691 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create %s: %m", q);
2692
2693 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_DEBUG, p, q, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
2694 if (r < 0)
2695 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to bind mount journal from host into guest: %m");
2696
2697 return 0;
2698 }
2699
2700 static int drop_capabilities(uid_t uid) {
2701 CapabilityQuintet q;
2702
2703 /* Let's initialize all five capability sets to something valid. If the quintet was configured via
2704 * OCI use that, but fill in missing bits. If it wasn't then derive the quintet in full from
2705 * arg_caps_retain. */
2706
2707 if (capability_quintet_is_set(&arg_full_capabilities)) {
2708 q = arg_full_capabilities;
2709
2710 if (q.bounding == UINT64_MAX)
2711 q.bounding = uid == 0 ? arg_caps_retain : 0;
2712
2713 if (q.effective == UINT64_MAX)
2714 q.effective = uid == 0 ? q.bounding : 0;
2715
2716 if (q.inheritable == UINT64_MAX)
2717 q.inheritable = uid == 0 ? q.bounding : arg_caps_ambient;
2718
2719 if (q.permitted == UINT64_MAX)
2720 q.permitted = uid == 0 ? q.bounding : arg_caps_ambient;
2721
2722 if (q.ambient == UINT64_MAX && ambient_capabilities_supported())
2723 q.ambient = arg_caps_ambient;
2724
2725 if (capability_quintet_mangle(&q))
2726 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EPERM), "Cannot set capabilities that are not in the current bounding set.");
2727
2728 } else {
2729 q = (CapabilityQuintet) {
2730 .bounding = arg_caps_retain,
2731 .effective = uid == 0 ? arg_caps_retain : 0,
2732 .inheritable = uid == 0 ? arg_caps_retain : arg_caps_ambient,
2733 .permitted = uid == 0 ? arg_caps_retain : arg_caps_ambient,
2734 .ambient = ambient_capabilities_supported() ? arg_caps_ambient : UINT64_MAX,
2735 };
2736
2737 /* If we're not using OCI, proceed with mangled capabilities (so we don't error out)
2738 * in order to maintain the same behavior as systemd < 242. */
2739 if (capability_quintet_mangle(&q))
2740 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING,
2741 "Some capabilities will not be set because they are not in the current bounding set.");
2742
2743 }
2744
2745 return capability_quintet_enforce(&q);
2746 }
2747
2748 static int reset_audit_loginuid(void) {
2749 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
2750 int r;
2751
2752 if ((arg_clone_ns_flags & CLONE_NEWPID) == 0)
2753 return 0;
2754
2755 r = read_one_line_file("/proc/self/loginuid", &p);
2756 if (r == -ENOENT)
2757 return 0;
2758 if (r < 0)
2759 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to read /proc/self/loginuid: %m");
2760
2761 /* Already reset? */
2762 if (streq(p, "4294967295"))
2763 return 0;
2764
2765 r = write_string_file("/proc/self/loginuid", "4294967295", WRITE_STRING_FILE_DISABLE_BUFFER);
2766 if (r < 0) {
2767 log_error_errno(r,
2768 "Failed to reset audit login UID. This probably means that your kernel is too\n"
2769 "old and you have audit enabled. Note that the auditing subsystem is known to\n"
2770 "be incompatible with containers on old kernels. Please make sure to upgrade\n"
2771 "your kernel or to off auditing with 'audit=0' on the kernel command line before\n"
2772 "using systemd-nspawn. Sleeping for 5s... (%m)");
2773
2774 sleep(5);
2775 }
2776
2777 return 0;
2778 }
2779
2780 static int setup_propagate(const char *root) {
2781 const char *p, *q;
2782 int r;
2783
2784 (void) mkdir_p("/run/systemd/nspawn/", 0755);
2785 (void) mkdir_p("/run/systemd/nspawn/propagate", 0600);
2786 p = strjoina("/run/systemd/nspawn/propagate/", arg_machine);
2787 (void) mkdir_p(p, 0600);
2788
2789 r = userns_mkdir(root, "/run/host", 0755, 0, 0);
2790 if (r < 0)
2791 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create /run/host: %m");
2792
2793 r = userns_mkdir(root, "/run/host/incoming", 0600, 0, 0);
2794 if (r < 0)
2795 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create /run/host/incoming: %m");
2796
2797 q = prefix_roota(root, "/run/host/incoming");
2798 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, p, q, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
2799 if (r < 0)
2800 return r;
2801
2802 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, q, NULL, MS_BIND|MS_REMOUNT|MS_RDONLY, NULL);
2803 if (r < 0)
2804 return r;
2805
2806 /* machined will MS_MOVE into that directory, and that's only supported for non-shared mounts. */
2807 return mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, q, NULL, MS_SLAVE, NULL);
2808 }
2809
2810 static int setup_machine_id(const char *directory) {
2811 const char *etc_machine_id;
2812 sd_id128_t id;
2813 int r;
2814
2815 /* If the UUID in the container is already set, then that's what counts, and we use. If it isn't set, and the
2816 * caller passed --uuid=, then we'll pass it in the $container_uuid env var to PID 1 of the container. The
2817 * assumption is that PID 1 will then write it to /etc/machine-id to make it persistent. If --uuid= is not
2818 * passed we generate a random UUID, and pass it via $container_uuid. In effect this means that /etc/machine-id
2819 * in the container and our idea of the container UUID will always be in sync (at least if PID 1 in the
2820 * container behaves nicely). */
2821
2822 etc_machine_id = prefix_roota(directory, "/etc/machine-id");
2823
2824 r = id128_read(etc_machine_id, ID128_PLAIN_OR_UNINIT, &id);
2825 if (r < 0) {
2826 if (!IN_SET(r, -ENOENT, -ENOMEDIUM)) /* If the file is missing or empty, we don't mind */
2827 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to read machine ID from container image: %m");
2828
2829 if (sd_id128_is_null(arg_uuid)) {
2830 r = sd_id128_randomize(&arg_uuid);
2831 if (r < 0)
2832 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to acquire randomized machine UUID: %m");
2833 }
2834 } else {
2835 if (sd_id128_is_null(id))
2836 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
2837 "Machine ID in container image is zero, refusing.");
2838
2839 arg_uuid = id;
2840 }
2841
2842 return 0;
2843 }
2844
2845 static int recursive_chown(const char *directory, uid_t shift, uid_t range) {
2846 int r;
2847
2848 assert(directory);
2849
2850 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_NO || arg_userns_ownership != USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_CHOWN)
2851 return 0;
2852
2853 r = path_patch_uid(directory, arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_range);
2854 if (r == -EOPNOTSUPP)
2855 return log_error_errno(r, "Automatic UID/GID adjusting is only supported for UID/GID ranges starting at multiples of 2^16 with a range of 2^16.");
2856 if (r == -EBADE)
2857 return log_error_errno(r, "Upper 16 bits of root directory UID and GID do not match.");
2858 if (r < 0)
2859 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to adjust UID/GID shift of OS tree: %m");
2860 if (r == 0)
2861 log_debug("Root directory of image is already owned by the right UID/GID range, skipping recursive chown operation.");
2862 else
2863 log_debug("Patched directory tree to match UID/GID range.");
2864
2865 return r;
2866 }
2867
2868 /*
2869 * Return values:
2870 * < 0 : wait_for_terminate() failed to get the state of the
2871 * container, the container was terminated by a signal, or
2872 * failed for an unknown reason. No change is made to the
2873 * container argument.
2874 * > 0 : The program executed in the container terminated with an
2875 * error. The exit code of the program executed in the
2876 * container is returned. The container argument has been set
2877 * to CONTAINER_TERMINATED.
2878 * 0 : The container is being rebooted, has been shut down or exited
2879 * successfully. The container argument has been set to either
2880 * CONTAINER_TERMINATED or CONTAINER_REBOOTED.
2881 *
2882 * That is, success is indicated by a return value of zero, and an
2883 * error is indicated by a non-zero value.
2884 */
2885 static int wait_for_container(pid_t pid, ContainerStatus *container) {
2886 siginfo_t status;
2887 int r;
2888
2889 r = wait_for_terminate(pid, &status);
2890 if (r < 0)
2891 return log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to wait for container: %m");
2892
2893 switch (status.si_code) {
2894
2895 case CLD_EXITED:
2896 if (status.si_status == 0)
2897 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO, "Container %s exited successfully.", arg_machine);
2898 else
2899 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO, "Container %s failed with error code %i.", arg_machine, status.si_status);
2900
2901 *container = CONTAINER_TERMINATED;
2902 return status.si_status;
2903
2904 case CLD_KILLED:
2905 if (status.si_status == SIGINT) {
2906 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO, "Container %s has been shut down.", arg_machine);
2907 *container = CONTAINER_TERMINATED;
2908 return 0;
2909
2910 } else if (status.si_status == SIGHUP) {
2911 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO, "Container %s is being rebooted.", arg_machine);
2912 *container = CONTAINER_REBOOTED;
2913 return 0;
2914 }
2915
2916 _fallthrough_;
2917 case CLD_DUMPED:
2918 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
2919 "Container %s terminated by signal %s.", arg_machine, signal_to_string(status.si_status));
2920
2921 default:
2922 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
2923 "Container %s failed due to unknown reason.", arg_machine);
2924 }
2925 }
2926
2927 static int on_orderly_shutdown(sd_event_source *s, const struct signalfd_siginfo *si, void *userdata) {
2928 pid_t pid;
2929
2930 pid = PTR_TO_PID(userdata);
2931 if (pid > 0) {
2932 if (kill(pid, arg_kill_signal) >= 0) {
2933 log_info("Trying to halt container. Send SIGTERM again to trigger immediate termination.");
2934 sd_event_source_set_userdata(s, NULL);
2935 return 0;
2936 }
2937 }
2938
2939 sd_event_exit(sd_event_source_get_event(s), 0);
2940 return 0;
2941 }
2942
2943 static int on_sigchld(sd_event_source *s, const struct signalfd_siginfo *ssi, void *userdata) {
2944 pid_t pid;
2945
2946 assert(s);
2947 assert(ssi);
2948
2949 pid = PTR_TO_PID(userdata);
2950
2951 for (;;) {
2952 siginfo_t si = {};
2953
2954 if (waitid(P_ALL, 0, &si, WNOHANG|WNOWAIT|WEXITED) < 0)
2955 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to waitid(): %m");
2956 if (si.si_pid == 0) /* No pending children. */
2957 break;
2958 if (si.si_pid == pid) {
2959 /* The main process we care for has exited. Return from
2960 * signal handler but leave the zombie. */
2961 sd_event_exit(sd_event_source_get_event(s), 0);
2962 break;
2963 }
2964
2965 /* Reap all other children. */
2966 (void) waitid(P_PID, si.si_pid, &si, WNOHANG|WEXITED);
2967 }
2968
2969 return 0;
2970 }
2971
2972 static int on_request_stop(sd_bus_message *m, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
2973 pid_t pid;
2974
2975 assert(m);
2976
2977 pid = PTR_TO_PID(userdata);
2978
2979 if (arg_kill_signal > 0) {
2980 log_info("Container termination requested. Attempting to halt container.");
2981 (void) kill(pid, arg_kill_signal);
2982 } else {
2983 log_info("Container termination requested. Exiting.");
2984 sd_event_exit(sd_bus_get_event(sd_bus_message_get_bus(m)), 0);
2985 }
2986
2987 return 0;
2988 }
2989
2990 static int determine_names(void) {
2991 int r;
2992
2993 if (arg_template && !arg_directory && arg_machine) {
2994
2995 /* If --template= was specified then we should not
2996 * search for a machine, but instead create a new one
2997 * in /var/lib/machine. */
2998
2999 arg_directory = path_join("/var/lib/machines", arg_machine);
3000 if (!arg_directory)
3001 return log_oom();
3002 }
3003
3004 if (!arg_image && !arg_directory) {
3005 if (arg_machine) {
3006 _cleanup_(image_unrefp) Image *i = NULL;
3007
3008 r = image_find(IMAGE_MACHINE, arg_machine, NULL, &i);
3009 if (r == -ENOENT)
3010 return log_error_errno(r, "No image for machine '%s'.", arg_machine);
3011 if (r < 0)
3012 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to find image for machine '%s': %m", arg_machine);
3013
3014 if (IN_SET(i->type, IMAGE_RAW, IMAGE_BLOCK))
3015 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_image, i->path);
3016 else
3017 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_directory, i->path);
3018 if (r < 0)
3019 return log_oom();
3020
3021 if (!arg_ephemeral)
3022 arg_read_only = arg_read_only || i->read_only;
3023 } else {
3024 r = safe_getcwd(&arg_directory);
3025 if (r < 0)
3026 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine current directory: %m");
3027 }
3028
3029 if (!arg_directory && !arg_image)
3030 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Failed to determine path, please use -D or -i.");
3031 }
3032
3033 if (!arg_machine) {
3034 if (arg_directory && path_equal(arg_directory, "/"))
3035 arg_machine = gethostname_malloc();
3036 else if (arg_image) {
3037 char *e;
3038
3039 arg_machine = strdup(basename(arg_image));
3040
3041 /* Truncate suffix if there is one */
3042 e = endswith(arg_machine, ".raw");
3043 if (e)
3044 *e = 0;
3045 } else
3046 arg_machine = strdup(basename(arg_directory));
3047 if (!arg_machine)
3048 return log_oom();
3049
3050 hostname_cleanup(arg_machine);
3051 if (!hostname_is_valid(arg_machine, 0))
3052 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Failed to determine machine name automatically, please use -M.");
3053
3054 /* Copy the machine name before the random suffix is added below, otherwise we won't be able
3055 * to match fixed config file names. */
3056 arg_settings_filename = strjoin(arg_machine, ".nspawn");
3057 if (!arg_settings_filename)
3058 return log_oom();
3059
3060 /* Add a random suffix when this is an ephemeral machine, so that we can run many
3061 * instances at once without manually having to specify -M each time. */
3062 if (arg_ephemeral)
3063 if (strextendf(&arg_machine, "-%016" PRIx64, random_u64()) < 0)
3064 return log_oom();
3065 } else {
3066 arg_settings_filename = strjoin(arg_machine, ".nspawn");
3067 if (!arg_settings_filename)
3068 return log_oom();
3069 }
3070
3071 return 0;
3072 }
3073
3074 static int chase_symlinks_and_update(char **p, unsigned flags) {
3075 char *chased;
3076 int r;
3077
3078 assert(p);
3079
3080 if (!*p)
3081 return 0;
3082
3083 r = chase_symlinks(*p, NULL, flags, &chased, NULL);
3084 if (r < 0)
3085 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to resolve path %s: %m", *p);
3086
3087 return free_and_replace(*p, chased);
3088 }
3089
3090 static int determine_uid_shift(const char *directory) {
3091
3092 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
3093 arg_uid_shift = 0;
3094 return 0;
3095 }
3096
3097 if (arg_uid_shift == UID_INVALID) {
3098 struct stat st;
3099
3100 /* Read the UID shift off the image. Maybe we can reuse this to avoid chowning. */
3101
3102 if (stat(directory, &st) < 0)
3103 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to determine UID base of %s: %m", directory);
3104
3105 arg_uid_shift = st.st_uid & UINT32_C(0xffff0000);
3106
3107 if (arg_uid_shift != (st.st_gid & UINT32_C(0xffff0000)))
3108 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
3109 "UID and GID base of %s don't match.", directory);
3110
3111 arg_uid_range = UINT32_C(0x10000);
3112
3113 if (arg_uid_shift != 0) {
3114 /* If the image is shifted already, then we'll fall back to classic chowning, for
3115 * compatibility (and simplicity), or refuse if mapping is explicitly requested. */
3116
3117 if (arg_userns_ownership == USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_AUTO) {
3118 log_debug("UID base of %s is non-zero, not using UID mapping.", directory);
3119 arg_userns_ownership = USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_CHOWN;
3120 } else if (arg_userns_ownership == USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_MAP)
3121 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
3122 "UID base of %s is not zero, UID mapping not supported.", directory);
3123 }
3124 }
3125
3126 if (!userns_shift_range_valid(arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_range))
3127 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "UID base too high for UID range.");
3128
3129 return 0;
3130 }
3131
3132 static unsigned long effective_clone_ns_flags(void) {
3133 unsigned long flags = arg_clone_ns_flags;
3134
3135 if (arg_private_network)
3136 flags |= CLONE_NEWNET;
3137 if (arg_use_cgns)
3138 flags |= CLONE_NEWCGROUP;
3139 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO)
3140 flags |= CLONE_NEWUSER;
3141
3142 return flags;
3143 }
3144
3145 static int patch_sysctl(void) {
3146
3147 /* This table is inspired by runc's sysctl() function */
3148 static const struct {
3149 const char *key;
3150 bool prefix;
3151 unsigned long clone_flags;
3152 } safe_sysctl[] = {
3153 { "kernel.hostname", false, CLONE_NEWUTS },
3154 { "kernel.domainname", false, CLONE_NEWUTS },
3155 { "kernel.msgmax", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3156 { "kernel.msgmnb", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3157 { "kernel.msgmni", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3158 { "kernel.sem", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3159 { "kernel.shmall", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3160 { "kernel.shmmax", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3161 { "kernel.shmmni", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3162 { "fs.mqueue.", true, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3163 { "net.", true, CLONE_NEWNET },
3164 };
3165
3166 unsigned long flags;
3167 int r;
3168
3169 flags = effective_clone_ns_flags();
3170
3171 STRV_FOREACH_PAIR(k, v, arg_sysctl) {
3172 bool good = false;
3173 size_t i;
3174
3175 for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(safe_sysctl); i++) {
3176
3177 if (!FLAGS_SET(flags, safe_sysctl[i].clone_flags))
3178 continue;
3179
3180 if (safe_sysctl[i].prefix)
3181 good = startswith(*k, safe_sysctl[i].key);
3182 else
3183 good = streq(*k, safe_sysctl[i].key);
3184
3185 if (good)
3186 break;
3187 }
3188
3189 if (!good)
3190 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EPERM), "Refusing to write to sysctl '%s', as it is not safe in the selected namespaces.", *k);
3191
3192 r = sysctl_write(*k, *v);
3193 if (r < 0)
3194 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write sysctl '%s': %m", *k);
3195 }
3196
3197 return 0;
3198 }
3199
3200 static int inner_child(
3201 Barrier *barrier,
3202 const char *directory,
3203 bool secondary,
3204 int kmsg_socket,
3205 int rtnl_socket,
3206 int master_pty_socket,
3207 FDSet *fds,
3208 char **os_release_pairs) {
3209
3210 _cleanup_free_ char *home = NULL;
3211 size_t n_env = 1;
3212 char *envp[] = {
3213 (char*) "PATH=" DEFAULT_PATH_COMPAT,
3214 NULL, /* container */
3215 NULL, /* TERM */
3216 NULL, /* HOME */
3217 NULL, /* USER */
3218 NULL, /* LOGNAME */
3219 NULL, /* container_uuid */
3220 NULL, /* LISTEN_FDS */
3221 NULL, /* LISTEN_PID */
3222 NULL, /* NOTIFY_SOCKET */
3223 NULL, /* CREDENTIALS_DIRECTORY */
3224 NULL, /* LANG */
3225 NULL
3226 };
3227 const char *exec_target;
3228 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **env_use = NULL;
3229 int r, which_failed;
3230
3231 /* This is the "inner" child process, i.e. the one forked off by the "outer" child process, which is the one
3232 * the container manager itself forked off. At the time of clone() it gained its own CLONE_NEWNS, CLONE_NEWPID,
3233 * CLONE_NEWUTS, CLONE_NEWIPC, CLONE_NEWUSER namespaces. Note that it has its own CLONE_NEWNS namespace,
3234 * separate from the CLONE_NEWNS created for the "outer" child, and also separate from the host's CLONE_NEWNS
3235 * namespace. The reason for having two levels of CLONE_NEWNS namespaces is that the "inner" one is owned by
3236 * the CLONE_NEWUSER namespace of the container, while the "outer" one is owned by the host's CLONE_NEWUSER
3237 * namespace.
3238 *
3239 * Note at this point we have no CLONE_NEWNET namespace yet. We'll acquire that one later through
3240 * unshare(). See below. */
3241
3242 assert(barrier);
3243 assert(directory);
3244 assert(kmsg_socket >= 0);
3245
3246 log_debug("Inner child is initializing.");
3247
3248 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
3249 /* Tell the parent, that it now can write the UID map. */
3250 (void) barrier_place(barrier); /* #1 */
3251
3252 /* Wait until the parent wrote the UID map */
3253 if (!barrier_place_and_sync(barrier)) /* #2 */
3254 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH), "Parent died too early");
3255
3256 /* Become the new root user inside our namespace */
3257 r = reset_uid_gid();
3258 if (r < 0)
3259 return log_error_errno(r, "Couldn't become new root: %m");
3260
3261 /* Creating a new user namespace means all MS_SHARED mounts become MS_SLAVE. Let's put them
3262 * back to MS_SHARED here, since that's what we want as defaults. (This will not reconnect
3263 * propagation, but simply create new peer groups for all our mounts). */
3264 r = mount_follow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, "/", NULL, MS_SHARED|MS_REC, NULL);
3265 if (r < 0)
3266 return r;
3267 }
3268
3269 r = mount_all(NULL,
3270 arg_mount_settings | MOUNT_IN_USERNS,
3271 arg_uid_shift,
3272 arg_selinux_apifs_context);
3273 if (r < 0)
3274 return r;
3275
3276 if (!arg_network_namespace_path && arg_private_network) {
3277 r = unshare(CLONE_NEWNET);
3278 if (r < 0)
3279 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to unshare network namespace: %m");
3280
3281 /* Tell the parent that it can setup network interfaces. */
3282 (void) barrier_place(barrier); /* #3 */
3283 }
3284
3285 r = mount_sysfs(NULL, arg_mount_settings);
3286 if (r < 0)
3287 return r;
3288
3289 /* Wait until we are cgroup-ified, so that we
3290 * can mount the right cgroup path writable */
3291 if (!barrier_place_and_sync(barrier)) /* #4 */
3292 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH),
3293 "Parent died too early");
3294
3295 if (arg_use_cgns) {
3296 r = unshare(CLONE_NEWCGROUP);
3297 if (r < 0)
3298 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to unshare cgroup namespace: %m");
3299 r = mount_cgroups(
3300 "",
3301 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy,
3302 arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO,
3303 arg_uid_shift,
3304 arg_uid_range,
3305 arg_selinux_apifs_context,
3306 true);
3307 } else
3308 r = mount_systemd_cgroup_writable("", arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy);
3309 if (r < 0)
3310 return r;
3311
3312 r = setup_boot_id();
3313 if (r < 0)
3314 return r;
3315
3316 r = setup_kmsg(kmsg_socket);
3317 if (r < 0)
3318 return r;
3319 kmsg_socket = safe_close(kmsg_socket);
3320
3321 r = mount_custom(
3322 "/",
3323 arg_custom_mounts,
3324 arg_n_custom_mounts,
3325 0,
3326 0,
3327 arg_selinux_apifs_context,
3328 MOUNT_NON_ROOT_ONLY | MOUNT_IN_USERNS);
3329 if (r < 0)
3330 return r;
3331
3332 if (setsid() < 0)
3333 return log_error_errno(errno, "setsid() failed: %m");
3334
3335 if (arg_private_network)
3336 (void) loopback_setup();
3337
3338 if (arg_expose_ports) {
3339 r = expose_port_send_rtnl(rtnl_socket);
3340 if (r < 0)
3341 return r;
3342 rtnl_socket = safe_close(rtnl_socket);
3343 }
3344
3345 if (arg_console_mode != CONSOLE_PIPE) {
3346 _cleanup_close_ int master = -1;
3347 _cleanup_free_ char *console = NULL;
3348
3349 /* Allocate a pty and make it available as /dev/console. */
3350 master = openpt_allocate(O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK, &console);
3351 if (master < 0)
3352 return log_error_errno(master, "Failed to allocate a pty: %m");
3353
3354 r = setup_dev_console(console);
3355 if (r < 0)
3356 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set up /dev/console: %m");
3357
3358 r = send_one_fd(master_pty_socket, master, 0);
3359 if (r < 0)
3360 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to send master fd: %m");
3361 master_pty_socket = safe_close(master_pty_socket);
3362
3363 r = setup_stdio_as_dev_console();
3364 if (r < 0)
3365 return r;
3366 }
3367
3368 r = patch_sysctl();
3369 if (r < 0)
3370 return r;
3371
3372 if (arg_oom_score_adjust_set) {
3373 r = set_oom_score_adjust(arg_oom_score_adjust);
3374 if (r < 0)
3375 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to adjust OOM score: %m");
3376 }
3377
3378 if (arg_cpu_set.set)
3379 if (sched_setaffinity(0, arg_cpu_set.allocated, arg_cpu_set.set) < 0)
3380 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to set CPU affinity: %m");
3381
3382 (void) setup_hostname();
3383
3384 if (arg_personality != PERSONALITY_INVALID) {
3385 r = safe_personality(arg_personality);
3386 if (r < 0)
3387 return log_error_errno(r, "personality() failed: %m");
3388 } else if (secondary) {
3389 r = safe_personality(PER_LINUX32);
3390 if (r < 0)
3391 return log_error_errno(r, "personality() failed: %m");
3392 }
3393
3394 r = setrlimit_closest_all((const struct rlimit *const*) arg_rlimit, &which_failed);
3395 if (r < 0)
3396 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to apply resource limit RLIMIT_%s: %m", rlimit_to_string(which_failed));
3397
3398 #if HAVE_SECCOMP
3399 if (arg_seccomp) {
3400
3401 if (is_seccomp_available()) {
3402
3403 r = seccomp_load(arg_seccomp);
3404 if (ERRNO_IS_SECCOMP_FATAL(r))
3405 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to install seccomp filter: %m");
3406 if (r < 0)
3407 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to install seccomp filter: %m");
3408 }
3409 } else
3410 #endif
3411 {
3412 r = setup_seccomp(arg_caps_retain, arg_syscall_allow_list, arg_syscall_deny_list);
3413 if (r < 0)
3414 return r;
3415 }
3416
3417 if (arg_suppress_sync) {
3418 #if HAVE_SECCOMP
3419 r = seccomp_suppress_sync();
3420 if (r < 0)
3421 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to install sync() suppression seccomp filter, ignoring: %m");
3422 #else
3423 log_debug("systemd is built without SECCOMP support. Ignoring --suppress-sync= command line option and SuppressSync= setting.");
3424 #endif
3425 }
3426
3427 #if HAVE_SELINUX
3428 if (arg_selinux_context)
3429 if (setexeccon(arg_selinux_context) < 0)
3430 return log_error_errno(errno, "setexeccon(\"%s\") failed: %m", arg_selinux_context);
3431 #endif
3432
3433 /* Make sure we keep the caps across the uid/gid dropping, so that we can retain some selected caps
3434 * if we need to later on. */
3435 if (prctl(PR_SET_KEEPCAPS, 1) < 0)
3436 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to set PR_SET_KEEPCAPS: %m");
3437
3438 if (uid_is_valid(arg_uid) || gid_is_valid(arg_gid))
3439 r = change_uid_gid_raw(arg_uid, arg_gid, arg_supplementary_gids, arg_n_supplementary_gids, arg_console_mode != CONSOLE_PIPE);
3440 else
3441 r = change_uid_gid(arg_user, arg_console_mode != CONSOLE_PIPE, &home);
3442 if (r < 0)
3443 return r;
3444
3445 r = drop_capabilities(getuid());
3446 if (r < 0)
3447 return log_error_errno(r, "Dropping capabilities failed: %m");
3448
3449 if (arg_no_new_privileges)
3450 if (prctl(PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS, 1, 0, 0, 0) < 0)
3451 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to disable new privileges: %m");
3452
3453 /* LXC sets container=lxc, so follow the scheme here */
3454 envp[n_env++] = strjoina("container=", arg_container_service_name);
3455
3456 envp[n_env] = strv_find_prefix(environ, "TERM=");
3457 if (envp[n_env])
3458 n_env++;
3459
3460 if (home || !uid_is_valid(arg_uid) || arg_uid == 0)
3461 if (asprintf(envp + n_env++, "HOME=%s", home ?: "/root") < 0)
3462 return log_oom();
3463
3464 if (arg_user || !uid_is_valid(arg_uid) || arg_uid == 0)
3465 if (asprintf(envp + n_env++, "USER=%s", arg_user ?: "root") < 0 ||
3466 asprintf(envp + n_env++, "LOGNAME=%s", arg_user ? arg_user : "root") < 0)
3467 return log_oom();
3468
3469 assert(!sd_id128_is_null(arg_uuid));
3470
3471 if (asprintf(envp + n_env++, "container_uuid=%s", SD_ID128_TO_UUID_STRING(arg_uuid)) < 0)
3472 return log_oom();
3473
3474 if (fdset_size(fds) > 0) {
3475 r = fdset_cloexec(fds, false);
3476 if (r < 0)
3477 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to unset O_CLOEXEC for file descriptors.");
3478
3479 if ((asprintf(envp + n_env++, "LISTEN_FDS=%u", fdset_size(fds)) < 0) ||
3480 (asprintf(envp + n_env++, "LISTEN_PID=1") < 0))
3481 return log_oom();
3482 }
3483 if (asprintf(envp + n_env++, "NOTIFY_SOCKET=%s", NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH) < 0)
3484 return log_oom();
3485
3486 if (arg_n_credentials > 0) {
3487 envp[n_env] = strdup("CREDENTIALS_DIRECTORY=/run/host/credentials");
3488 if (!envp[n_env])
3489 return log_oom();
3490 n_env++;
3491 }
3492
3493 if (arg_start_mode != START_BOOT) {
3494 envp[n_env] = strdup("LANG=" SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_LOCALE);
3495 if (!envp[n_env])
3496 return log_oom();
3497 n_env++;
3498 }
3499
3500 env_use = strv_env_merge(envp, os_release_pairs, arg_setenv);
3501 if (!env_use)
3502 return log_oom();
3503
3504 /* Let the parent know that we are ready and
3505 * wait until the parent is ready with the
3506 * setup, too... */
3507 if (!barrier_place_and_sync(barrier)) /* #5 */
3508 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH), "Parent died too early");
3509
3510 if (arg_chdir)
3511 if (chdir(arg_chdir) < 0)
3512 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to change to specified working directory %s: %m", arg_chdir);
3513
3514 if (arg_start_mode == START_PID2) {
3515 r = stub_pid1(arg_uuid);
3516 if (r < 0)
3517 return r;
3518 }
3519
3520 if (arg_console_mode != CONSOLE_PIPE) {
3521 /* So far our pty wasn't controlled by any process. Finally, it's time to change that, if we
3522 * are configured for that. Acquire it as controlling tty. */
3523 if (ioctl(STDIN_FILENO, TIOCSCTTY) < 0)
3524 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to acquire controlling TTY: %m");
3525 }
3526
3527 log_debug("Inner child completed, invoking payload.");
3528
3529 /* Now, explicitly close the log, so that we then can close all remaining fds. Closing the log explicitly first
3530 * has the benefit that the logging subsystem knows about it, and is thus ready to be reopened should we need
3531 * it again. Note that the other fds closed here are at least the locking and barrier fds. */
3532 log_close();
3533 log_set_open_when_needed(true);
3534
3535 (void) fdset_close_others(fds);
3536
3537 if (arg_start_mode == START_BOOT) {
3538 char **a;
3539 size_t m;
3540
3541 /* Automatically search for the init system */
3542
3543 m = strv_length(arg_parameters);
3544 a = newa(char*, m + 2);
3545 memcpy_safe(a + 1, arg_parameters, m * sizeof(char*));
3546 a[1 + m] = NULL;
3547
3548 FOREACH_STRING(init,
3549 "/usr/lib/systemd/systemd",
3550 "/lib/systemd/systemd",
3551 "/sbin/init") {
3552 a[0] = (char*) init;
3553 execve(a[0], a, env_use);
3554 }
3555
3556 exec_target = "/usr/lib/systemd/systemd, /lib/systemd/systemd, /sbin/init";
3557 } else if (!strv_isempty(arg_parameters)) {
3558 const char *dollar_path;
3559
3560 exec_target = arg_parameters[0];
3561
3562 /* Use the user supplied search $PATH if there is one, or DEFAULT_PATH_COMPAT if not to search the
3563 * binary. */
3564 dollar_path = strv_env_get(env_use, "PATH");
3565 if (dollar_path) {
3566 if (setenv("PATH", dollar_path, 1) < 0)
3567 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to update $PATH: %m");
3568 }
3569
3570 execvpe(arg_parameters[0], arg_parameters, env_use);
3571 } else {
3572 if (!arg_chdir)
3573 /* If we cannot change the directory, we'll end up in /, that is expected. */
3574 (void) chdir(home ?: "/root");
3575
3576 execle(DEFAULT_USER_SHELL, "-" DEFAULT_USER_SHELL_NAME, NULL, env_use);
3577 if (!streq(DEFAULT_USER_SHELL, "/bin/bash"))
3578 execle("/bin/bash", "-bash", NULL, env_use);
3579 if (!streq(DEFAULT_USER_SHELL, "/bin/sh"))
3580 execle("/bin/sh", "-sh", NULL, env_use);
3581
3582 exec_target = DEFAULT_USER_SHELL ", /bin/bash, /bin/sh";
3583 }
3584
3585 return log_error_errno(errno, "execv(%s) failed: %m", exec_target);
3586 }
3587
3588 static int setup_notify_child(void) {
3589 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
3590 static const union sockaddr_union sa = {
3591 .un.sun_family = AF_UNIX,
3592 .un.sun_path = NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH,
3593 };
3594 int r;
3595
3596 fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0);
3597 if (fd < 0)
3598 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to allocate notification socket: %m");
3599
3600 (void) mkdir_parents(NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH, 0755);
3601 (void) sockaddr_un_unlink(&sa.un);
3602
3603 r = bind(fd, &sa.sa, SOCKADDR_UN_LEN(sa.un));
3604 if (r < 0)
3605 return log_error_errno(errno, "bind(" NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH ") failed: %m");
3606
3607 r = userns_lchown(NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH, 0, 0);
3608 if (r < 0)
3609 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to chown " NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH ": %m");
3610
3611 r = setsockopt_int(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_PASSCRED, true);
3612 if (r < 0)
3613 return log_error_errno(r, "SO_PASSCRED failed: %m");
3614
3615 return TAKE_FD(fd);
3616 }
3617
3618 static int outer_child(
3619 Barrier *barrier,
3620 const char *directory,
3621 DissectedImage *dissected_image,
3622 bool secondary,
3623 int pid_socket,
3624 int uuid_socket,
3625 int notify_socket,
3626 int kmsg_socket,
3627 int rtnl_socket,
3628 int uid_shift_socket,
3629 int master_pty_socket,
3630 int unified_cgroup_hierarchy_socket,
3631 FDSet *fds,
3632 int netns_fd) {
3633
3634 _cleanup_(bind_user_context_freep) BindUserContext *bind_user_context = NULL;
3635 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **os_release_pairs = NULL;
3636 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
3637 bool idmap = false;
3638 const char *p;
3639 pid_t pid;
3640 ssize_t l;
3641 int r;
3642
3643 /* This is the "outer" child process, i.e the one forked off by the container manager itself. It
3644 * already has its own CLONE_NEWNS namespace (which was created by the clone()). It still lives in
3645 * the host's CLONE_NEWPID, CLONE_NEWUTS, CLONE_NEWIPC, CLONE_NEWUSER and CLONE_NEWNET
3646 * namespaces. After it completed a number of initializations a second child (the "inner" one) is
3647 * forked off it, and it exits. */
3648
3649 assert(barrier);
3650 assert(directory);
3651 assert(pid_socket >= 0);
3652 assert(uuid_socket >= 0);
3653 assert(notify_socket >= 0);
3654 assert(master_pty_socket >= 0);
3655 assert(kmsg_socket >= 0);
3656
3657 log_debug("Outer child is initializing.");
3658
3659 r = load_os_release_pairs_with_prefix("/", "container_host_", &os_release_pairs);
3660 if (r < 0)
3661 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to read os-release from host for container, ignoring: %m");
3662
3663 if (prctl(PR_SET_PDEATHSIG, SIGKILL) < 0)
3664 return log_error_errno(errno, "PR_SET_PDEATHSIG failed: %m");
3665
3666 r = reset_audit_loginuid();
3667 if (r < 0)
3668 return r;
3669
3670 /* Mark everything as slave, so that we still receive mounts from the real root, but don't propagate
3671 * mounts to the real root. */
3672 r = mount_follow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, "/", NULL, MS_SLAVE|MS_REC, NULL);
3673 if (r < 0)
3674 return r;
3675
3676 if (dissected_image) {
3677 /* If we are operating on a disk image, then mount its root directory now, but leave out the
3678 * rest. We can read the UID shift from it if we need to. Further down we'll mount the rest,
3679 * but then with the uid shift known. That way we can mount VFAT file systems shifted to the
3680 * right place right away. This makes sure ESP partitions and userns are compatible. */
3681
3682 r = dissected_image_mount_and_warn(
3683 dissected_image,
3684 directory,
3685 arg_uid_shift,
3686 arg_uid_range,
3687 DISSECT_IMAGE_MOUNT_ROOT_ONLY|
3688 DISSECT_IMAGE_DISCARD_ON_LOOP|
3689 DISSECT_IMAGE_USR_NO_ROOT|
3690 (arg_read_only ? DISSECT_IMAGE_READ_ONLY : DISSECT_IMAGE_FSCK|DISSECT_IMAGE_GROWFS)|
3691 (arg_start_mode == START_BOOT ? DISSECT_IMAGE_VALIDATE_OS : 0));
3692 if (r < 0)
3693 return r;
3694 }
3695
3696 r = determine_uid_shift(directory);
3697 if (r < 0)
3698 return r;
3699
3700 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
3701 /* Let the parent know which UID shift we read from the image */
3702 l = send(uid_shift_socket, &arg_uid_shift, sizeof(arg_uid_shift), MSG_NOSIGNAL);
3703 if (l < 0)
3704 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to send UID shift: %m");
3705 if (l != sizeof(arg_uid_shift))
3706 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
3707 "Short write while sending UID shift.");
3708
3709 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_PICK) {
3710 /* When we are supposed to pick the UID shift, the parent will check now whether the
3711 * UID shift we just read from the image is available. If yes, it will send the UID
3712 * shift back to us, if not it will pick a different one, and send it back to us. */
3713
3714 l = recv(uid_shift_socket, &arg_uid_shift, sizeof(arg_uid_shift), 0);
3715 if (l < 0)
3716 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to recv UID shift: %m");
3717 if (l != sizeof(arg_uid_shift))
3718 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
3719 "Short read while receiving UID shift.");
3720 }
3721
3722 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO,
3723 "Selected user namespace base " UID_FMT " and range " UID_FMT ".", arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_range);
3724 }
3725
3726 if (path_equal(directory, "/")) {
3727 /* If the directory we shall boot is the host, let's operate on a bind mount at a different
3728 * place, so that we can make changes to its mount structure (for example, to implement
3729 * --volatile=) without this interfering with our ability to access files such as
3730 * /etc/localtime to copy into the container. Note that we use a fixed place for this
3731 * (instead of a temporary directory, since we are living in our own mount namspace here
3732 * already, and thus don't need to be afraid of colliding with anyone else's mounts). */
3733 (void) mkdir_p("/run/systemd/nspawn-root", 0755);
3734
3735 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, "/", "/run/systemd/nspawn-root", NULL, MS_BIND|MS_REC, NULL);
3736 if (r < 0)
3737 return r;
3738
3739 directory = "/run/systemd/nspawn-root";
3740 }
3741
3742 r = setup_pivot_root(
3743 directory,
3744 arg_pivot_root_new,
3745 arg_pivot_root_old);
3746 if (r < 0)
3747 return r;
3748
3749 r = setup_volatile_mode(
3750 directory,
3751 arg_volatile_mode,
3752 arg_uid_shift,
3753 arg_selinux_apifs_context);
3754 if (r < 0)
3755 return r;
3756
3757 r = bind_user_prepare(
3758 directory,
3759 arg_bind_user,
3760 arg_uid_shift,
3761 arg_uid_range,
3762 &arg_custom_mounts, &arg_n_custom_mounts,
3763 &bind_user_context);
3764 if (r < 0)
3765 return r;
3766
3767 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO && bind_user_context) {
3768 /* Send the user maps we determined to the parent, so that it installs it in our user
3769 * namespace UID map table */
3770
3771 for (size_t i = 0; i < bind_user_context->n_data; i++) {
3772 uid_t map[] = {
3773 bind_user_context->data[i].payload_user->uid,
3774 bind_user_context->data[i].host_user->uid,
3775 (uid_t) bind_user_context->data[i].payload_group->gid,
3776 (uid_t) bind_user_context->data[i].host_group->gid,
3777 };
3778
3779 l = send(uid_shift_socket, map, sizeof(map), MSG_NOSIGNAL);
3780 if (l < 0)
3781 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to send user UID map: %m");
3782 if (l != sizeof(map))
3783 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
3784 "Short write while sending user UID map.");
3785 }
3786 }
3787
3788 r = mount_custom(
3789 directory,
3790 arg_custom_mounts,
3791 arg_n_custom_mounts,
3792 arg_uid_shift,
3793 arg_uid_range,
3794 arg_selinux_apifs_context,
3795 MOUNT_ROOT_ONLY);
3796 if (r < 0)
3797 return r;
3798
3799 /* Make sure we always have a mount that we can move to root later on. */
3800 r = make_mount_point(directory);
3801 if (r < 0)
3802 return r;
3803
3804 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO &&
3805 IN_SET(arg_userns_ownership, USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_MAP, USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_AUTO) &&
3806 arg_uid_shift != 0) {
3807
3808 r = remount_idmap(directory, arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_range, UID_INVALID, REMOUNT_IDMAPPING_HOST_ROOT);
3809 if (r == -EINVAL || ERRNO_IS_NOT_SUPPORTED(r)) {
3810 /* This might fail because the kernel or file system doesn't support idmapping. We
3811 * can't really distinguish this nicely, nor do we have any guarantees about the
3812 * error codes we see, could be EOPNOTSUPP or EINVAL. */
3813 if (arg_userns_ownership != USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_AUTO)
3814 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EOPNOTSUPP),
3815 "ID mapped mounts are apparently not available, sorry.");
3816
3817 log_debug("ID mapped mounts are apparently not available on this kernel or for the selected file system, reverting to recursive chown()ing.");
3818 arg_userns_ownership = USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_CHOWN;
3819 } else if (r < 0)
3820 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set up ID mapped mounts: %m");
3821 else {
3822 log_debug("ID mapped mounts available, making use of them.");
3823 idmap = true;
3824 }
3825 }
3826
3827 if (dissected_image) {
3828 /* Now we know the uid shift, let's now mount everything else that might be in the image. */
3829 r = dissected_image_mount(
3830 dissected_image,
3831 directory,
3832 arg_uid_shift,
3833 arg_uid_range,
3834 DISSECT_IMAGE_MOUNT_NON_ROOT_ONLY|
3835 DISSECT_IMAGE_DISCARD_ON_LOOP|
3836 DISSECT_IMAGE_USR_NO_ROOT|
3837 (arg_read_only ? DISSECT_IMAGE_READ_ONLY : DISSECT_IMAGE_FSCK|DISSECT_IMAGE_GROWFS)|
3838 (idmap ? DISSECT_IMAGE_MOUNT_IDMAPPED : 0));
3839 if (r == -EUCLEAN)
3840 return log_error_errno(r, "File system check for image failed: %m");
3841 if (r < 0)
3842 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to mount image file system: %m");
3843 }
3844
3845 if (arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy == CGROUP_UNIFIED_UNKNOWN) {
3846 /* OK, we don't know yet which cgroup mode to use yet. Let's figure it out, and tell the parent. */
3847
3848 r = detect_unified_cgroup_hierarchy_from_image(directory);
3849 if (r < 0)
3850 return r;
3851
3852 l = send(unified_cgroup_hierarchy_socket, &arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy, sizeof(arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy), MSG_NOSIGNAL);
3853 if (l < 0)
3854 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to send cgroup mode: %m");
3855 if (l != sizeof(arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy))
3856 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
3857 "Short write while sending cgroup mode.");
3858
3859 unified_cgroup_hierarchy_socket = safe_close(unified_cgroup_hierarchy_socket);
3860 }
3861
3862 /* Mark everything as shared so our mounts get propagated down. This is required to make new bind
3863 * mounts available in systemd services inside the container that create a new mount namespace. See
3864 * https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/3860 Further submounts (such as /dev) done after this
3865 * will inherit the shared propagation mode.
3866 *
3867 * IMPORTANT: Do not overmount the root directory anymore from now on to enable moving the root
3868 * directory mount to root later on.
3869 * https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/3847#issuecomment-562735251
3870 */
3871 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, directory, NULL, MS_SHARED|MS_REC, NULL);
3872 if (r < 0)
3873 return r;
3874
3875 r = recursive_chown(directory, arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_range);
3876 if (r < 0)
3877 return r;
3878
3879 r = base_filesystem_create(directory, arg_uid_shift, (gid_t) arg_uid_shift);
3880 if (r < 0)
3881 return r;
3882
3883 if (arg_read_only && arg_volatile_mode == VOLATILE_NO &&
3884 !has_custom_root_mount(arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts)) {
3885 r = bind_remount_recursive(directory, MS_RDONLY, MS_RDONLY, NULL);
3886 if (r < 0)
3887 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to make tree read-only: %m");
3888 }
3889
3890 r = mount_all(directory,
3891 arg_mount_settings,
3892 arg_uid_shift,
3893 arg_selinux_apifs_context);
3894 if (r < 0)
3895 return r;
3896
3897 r = copy_devnodes(directory);
3898 if (r < 0)
3899 return r;
3900
3901 r = make_extra_nodes(directory);
3902 if (r < 0)
3903 return r;
3904
3905 (void) dev_setup(directory, arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_shift);
3906
3907 p = prefix_roota(directory, "/run/host");
3908 (void) make_inaccessible_nodes(p, arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_shift);
3909
3910 r = setup_pts(directory);
3911 if (r < 0)
3912 return r;
3913
3914 r = setup_propagate(directory);
3915 if (r < 0)
3916 return r;
3917
3918 r = setup_keyring();
3919 if (r < 0)
3920 return r;
3921
3922 r = setup_credentials(directory);
3923 if (r < 0)
3924 return r;
3925
3926 r = bind_user_setup(bind_user_context, directory);
3927 if (r < 0)
3928 return r;
3929
3930 r = mount_custom(
3931 directory,
3932 arg_custom_mounts,
3933 arg_n_custom_mounts,
3934 arg_uid_shift,
3935 arg_uid_range,
3936 arg_selinux_apifs_context,
3937 MOUNT_NON_ROOT_ONLY);
3938 if (r < 0)
3939 return r;
3940
3941 r = setup_timezone(directory);
3942 if (r < 0)
3943 return r;
3944
3945 r = setup_resolv_conf(directory);
3946 if (r < 0)
3947 return r;
3948
3949 r = setup_machine_id(directory);
3950 if (r < 0)
3951 return r;
3952
3953 r = setup_journal(directory);
3954 if (r < 0)
3955 return r;
3956
3957 /* The same stuff as the $container env var, but nicely readable for the entire payload */
3958 p = prefix_roota(directory, "/run/host/container-manager");
3959 (void) write_string_file(p, arg_container_service_name, WRITE_STRING_FILE_CREATE);
3960
3961 /* The same stuff as the $container_uuid env var */
3962 p = prefix_roota(directory, "/run/host/container-uuid");
3963 (void) write_string_filef(p, WRITE_STRING_FILE_CREATE, SD_ID128_UUID_FORMAT_STR, SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(arg_uuid));
3964
3965 if (!arg_use_cgns) {
3966 r = mount_cgroups(
3967 directory,
3968 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy,
3969 arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO,
3970 arg_uid_shift,
3971 arg_uid_range,
3972 arg_selinux_apifs_context,
3973 false);
3974 if (r < 0)
3975 return r;
3976 }
3977
3978 r = mount_move_root(directory);
3979 if (r < 0)
3980 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to move root directory: %m");
3981
3982 fd = setup_notify_child();
3983 if (fd < 0)
3984 return fd;
3985
3986 pid = raw_clone(SIGCHLD|CLONE_NEWNS|
3987 arg_clone_ns_flags |
3988 (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO ? CLONE_NEWUSER : 0));
3989 if (pid < 0)
3990 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to fork inner child: %m");
3991 if (pid == 0) {
3992 pid_socket = safe_close(pid_socket);
3993 uuid_socket = safe_close(uuid_socket);
3994 notify_socket = safe_close(notify_socket);
3995 uid_shift_socket = safe_close(uid_shift_socket);
3996
3997 /* The inner child has all namespaces that are requested, so that we all are owned by the
3998 * user if user namespaces are turned on. */
3999
4000 if (arg_network_namespace_path) {
4001 r = namespace_enter(-1, -1, netns_fd, -1, -1);
4002 if (r < 0)
4003 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to join network namespace: %m");
4004 }
4005
4006 r = inner_child(barrier, directory, secondary, kmsg_socket, rtnl_socket, master_pty_socket, fds, os_release_pairs);
4007 if (r < 0)
4008 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
4009
4010 _exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
4011 }
4012
4013 l = send(pid_socket, &pid, sizeof(pid), MSG_NOSIGNAL);
4014 if (l < 0)
4015 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to send PID: %m");
4016 if (l != sizeof(pid))
4017 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
4018 "Short write while sending PID.");
4019
4020 l = send(uuid_socket, &arg_uuid, sizeof(arg_uuid), MSG_NOSIGNAL);
4021 if (l < 0)
4022 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to send machine ID: %m");
4023 if (l != sizeof(arg_uuid))
4024 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
4025 "Short write while sending machine ID.");
4026
4027 l = send_one_fd(notify_socket, fd, 0);
4028 if (l < 0)
4029 return log_error_errno(l, "Failed to send notify fd: %m");
4030
4031 pid_socket = safe_close(pid_socket);
4032 uuid_socket = safe_close(uuid_socket);
4033 notify_socket = safe_close(notify_socket);
4034 master_pty_socket = safe_close(master_pty_socket);
4035 kmsg_socket = safe_close(kmsg_socket);
4036 rtnl_socket = safe_close(rtnl_socket);
4037 netns_fd = safe_close(netns_fd);
4038
4039 return 0;
4040 }
4041
4042 static int uid_shift_pick(uid_t *shift, LockFile *ret_lock_file) {
4043 bool tried_hashed = false;
4044 unsigned n_tries = 100;
4045 uid_t candidate;
4046 int r;
4047
4048 assert(shift);
4049 assert(ret_lock_file);
4050 assert(arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_PICK);
4051 assert(arg_uid_range == 0x10000U);
4052
4053 candidate = *shift;
4054
4055 (void) mkdir("/run/systemd/nspawn-uid", 0755);
4056
4057 for (;;) {
4058 char lock_path[STRLEN("/run/systemd/nspawn-uid/") + DECIMAL_STR_MAX(uid_t) + 1];
4059 _cleanup_(release_lock_file) LockFile lf = LOCK_FILE_INIT;
4060
4061 if (--n_tries <= 0)
4062 return -EBUSY;
4063
4064 if (candidate < CONTAINER_UID_BASE_MIN || candidate > CONTAINER_UID_BASE_MAX)
4065 goto next;
4066 if ((candidate & UINT32_C(0xFFFF)) != 0)
4067 goto next;
4068
4069 xsprintf(lock_path, "/run/systemd/nspawn-uid/" UID_FMT, candidate);
4070 r = make_lock_file(lock_path, LOCK_EX|LOCK_NB, &lf);
4071 if (r == -EBUSY) /* Range already taken by another nspawn instance */
4072 goto next;
4073 if (r < 0)
4074 return r;
4075
4076 /* Make some superficial checks whether the range is currently known in the user database */
4077 if (getpwuid(candidate))
4078 goto next;
4079 if (getpwuid(candidate + UINT32_C(0xFFFE)))
4080 goto next;
4081 if (getgrgid(candidate))
4082 goto next;
4083 if (getgrgid(candidate + UINT32_C(0xFFFE)))
4084 goto next;
4085
4086 *ret_lock_file = lf;
4087 lf = (struct LockFile) LOCK_FILE_INIT;
4088 *shift = candidate;
4089 return 0;
4090
4091 next:
4092 if (arg_machine && !tried_hashed) {
4093 /* Try to hash the base from the container name */
4094
4095 static const uint8_t hash_key[] = {
4096 0xe1, 0x56, 0xe0, 0xf0, 0x4a, 0xf0, 0x41, 0xaf,
4097 0x96, 0x41, 0xcf, 0x41, 0x33, 0x94, 0xff, 0x72
4098 };
4099
4100 candidate = (uid_t) siphash24(arg_machine, strlen(arg_machine), hash_key);
4101
4102 tried_hashed = true;
4103 } else
4104 random_bytes(&candidate, sizeof(candidate));
4105
4106 candidate = (candidate % (CONTAINER_UID_BASE_MAX - CONTAINER_UID_BASE_MIN)) + CONTAINER_UID_BASE_MIN;
4107 candidate &= (uid_t) UINT32_C(0xFFFF0000);
4108 }
4109 }
4110
4111 static int add_one_uid_map(
4112 char **p,
4113 uid_t container_uid,
4114 uid_t host_uid,
4115 uid_t range) {
4116
4117 return strextendf(p,
4118 UID_FMT " " UID_FMT " " UID_FMT "\n",
4119 container_uid, host_uid, range);
4120 }
4121
4122 static int make_uid_map_string(
4123 const uid_t bind_user_uid[],
4124 size_t n_bind_user_uid,
4125 size_t offset,
4126 char **ret) {
4127
4128 _cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL;
4129 uid_t previous_uid = 0;
4130 int r;
4131
4132 assert(n_bind_user_uid == 0 || bind_user_uid);
4133 assert(IN_SET(offset, 0, 2)); /* used to switch between UID and GID map */
4134 assert(ret);
4135
4136 /* The bind_user_uid[] array is a series of 4 uid_t values, for each --bind-user= entry one
4137 * quadruplet, consisting of host and container UID + GID. */
4138
4139 for (size_t i = 0; i < n_bind_user_uid; i++) {
4140 uid_t payload_uid = bind_user_uid[i*4+offset],
4141 host_uid = bind_user_uid[i*4+offset+1];
4142
4143 assert(previous_uid <= payload_uid);
4144 assert(payload_uid < arg_uid_range);
4145
4146 /* Add a range to close the gap to previous entry */
4147 if (payload_uid > previous_uid) {
4148 r = add_one_uid_map(&s, previous_uid, arg_uid_shift + previous_uid, payload_uid - previous_uid);
4149 if (r < 0)
4150 return r;
4151 }
4152
4153 /* Map this specific user */
4154 r = add_one_uid_map(&s, payload_uid, host_uid, 1);
4155 if (r < 0)
4156 return r;
4157
4158 previous_uid = payload_uid + 1;
4159 }
4160
4161 /* And add a range to close the gap to finish the range */
4162 if (arg_uid_range > previous_uid) {
4163 r = add_one_uid_map(&s, previous_uid, arg_uid_shift + previous_uid, arg_uid_range - previous_uid);
4164 if (r < 0)
4165 return r;
4166 }
4167
4168 assert(s);
4169
4170 *ret = TAKE_PTR(s);
4171 return 0;
4172 }
4173
4174 static int setup_uid_map(
4175 pid_t pid,
4176 const uid_t bind_user_uid[],
4177 size_t n_bind_user_uid) {
4178
4179 char uid_map[STRLEN("/proc//uid_map") + DECIMAL_STR_MAX(uid_t) + 1];
4180 _cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL;
4181 int r;
4182
4183 assert(pid > 1);
4184
4185 /* Build the UID map string */
4186 if (make_uid_map_string(bind_user_uid, n_bind_user_uid, 0, &s) < 0) /* offset=0 contains the UID pair */
4187 return log_oom();
4188
4189 xsprintf(uid_map, "/proc/" PID_FMT "/uid_map", pid);
4190 r = write_string_file(uid_map, s, WRITE_STRING_FILE_DISABLE_BUFFER);
4191 if (r < 0)
4192 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write UID map: %m");
4193
4194 /* And now build the GID map string */
4195 s = mfree(s);
4196 if (make_uid_map_string(bind_user_uid, n_bind_user_uid, 2, &s) < 0) /* offset=2 contains the GID pair */
4197 return log_oom();
4198
4199 xsprintf(uid_map, "/proc/" PID_FMT "/gid_map", pid);
4200 r = write_string_file(uid_map, s, WRITE_STRING_FILE_DISABLE_BUFFER);
4201 if (r < 0)
4202 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write GID map: %m");
4203
4204 return 0;
4205 }
4206
4207 static int nspawn_dispatch_notify_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata) {
4208 char buf[NOTIFY_BUFFER_MAX+1];
4209 char *p = NULL;
4210 struct iovec iovec = {
4211 .iov_base = buf,
4212 .iov_len = sizeof(buf)-1,
4213 };
4214 CMSG_BUFFER_TYPE(CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct ucred)) +
4215 CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(int) * NOTIFY_FD_MAX)) control;
4216 struct msghdr msghdr = {
4217 .msg_iov = &iovec,
4218 .msg_iovlen = 1,
4219 .msg_control = &control,
4220 .msg_controllen = sizeof(control),
4221 };
4222 struct ucred *ucred;
4223 ssize_t n;
4224 pid_t inner_child_pid;
4225 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **tags = NULL;
4226 int r;
4227
4228 assert(userdata);
4229
4230 inner_child_pid = PTR_TO_PID(userdata);
4231
4232 if (revents != EPOLLIN) {
4233 log_warning("Got unexpected poll event for notify fd.");
4234 return 0;
4235 }
4236
4237 n = recvmsg_safe(fd, &msghdr, MSG_DONTWAIT|MSG_CMSG_CLOEXEC);
4238 if (n < 0) {
4239 if (ERRNO_IS_TRANSIENT(n))
4240 return 0;
4241 if (n == -EXFULL) {
4242 log_warning("Got message with truncated control data (too many fds sent?), ignoring.");
4243 return 0;
4244 }
4245 return log_warning_errno(n, "Couldn't read notification socket: %m");
4246 }
4247
4248 cmsg_close_all(&msghdr);
4249
4250 ucred = CMSG_FIND_DATA(&msghdr, SOL_SOCKET, SCM_CREDENTIALS, struct ucred);
4251 if (!ucred || ucred->pid != inner_child_pid) {
4252 log_debug("Received notify message without valid credentials. Ignoring.");
4253 return 0;
4254 }
4255
4256 if ((size_t) n >= sizeof(buf)) {
4257 log_warning("Received notify message exceeded maximum size. Ignoring.");
4258 return 0;
4259 }
4260
4261 buf[n] = 0;
4262 tags = strv_split(buf, "\n\r");
4263 if (!tags)
4264 return log_oom();
4265
4266 if (strv_contains(tags, "READY=1")) {
4267 r = sd_notify(false, "READY=1\n");
4268 if (r < 0)
4269 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to send readiness notification, ignoring: %m");
4270 }
4271
4272 p = strv_find_startswith(tags, "STATUS=");
4273 if (p)
4274 (void) sd_notifyf(false, "STATUS=Container running: %s", p);
4275
4276 return 0;
4277 }
4278
4279 static int setup_notify_parent(sd_event *event, int fd, pid_t *inner_child_pid, sd_event_source **notify_event_source) {
4280 int r;
4281
4282 r = sd_event_add_io(event, notify_event_source, fd, EPOLLIN, nspawn_dispatch_notify_fd, inner_child_pid);
4283 if (r < 0)
4284 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to allocate notify event source: %m");
4285
4286 (void) sd_event_source_set_description(*notify_event_source, "nspawn-notify");
4287
4288 return 0;
4289 }
4290
4291 static int merge_settings(Settings *settings, const char *path) {
4292 int rl;
4293
4294 assert(settings);
4295 assert(path);
4296
4297 /* Copy over bits from the settings, unless they have been explicitly masked by command line switches. Note
4298 * that this steals the fields of the Settings* structure, and hence modifies it. */
4299
4300 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_START_MODE) == 0 &&
4301 settings->start_mode >= 0) {
4302 arg_start_mode = settings->start_mode;
4303 strv_free_and_replace(arg_parameters, settings->parameters);
4304 }
4305
4306 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_EPHEMERAL) == 0 &&
4307 settings->ephemeral >= 0)
4308 arg_ephemeral = settings->ephemeral;
4309
4310 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_DIRECTORY) == 0 &&
4311 settings->root) {
4312
4313 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4314 log_warning("Ignoring root directory setting, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4315 else
4316 free_and_replace(arg_directory, settings->root);
4317 }
4318
4319 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_PIVOT_ROOT) == 0 &&
4320 settings->pivot_root_new) {
4321 free_and_replace(arg_pivot_root_new, settings->pivot_root_new);
4322 free_and_replace(arg_pivot_root_old, settings->pivot_root_old);
4323 }
4324
4325 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_WORKING_DIRECTORY) == 0 &&
4326 settings->working_directory)
4327 free_and_replace(arg_chdir, settings->working_directory);
4328
4329 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_ENVIRONMENT) == 0 &&
4330 settings->environment)
4331 strv_free_and_replace(arg_setenv, settings->environment);
4332
4333 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_USER) == 0) {
4334
4335 if (settings->user)
4336 free_and_replace(arg_user, settings->user);
4337
4338 if (uid_is_valid(settings->uid))
4339 arg_uid = settings->uid;
4340 if (gid_is_valid(settings->gid))
4341 arg_gid = settings->gid;
4342 if (settings->n_supplementary_gids > 0) {
4343 free_and_replace(arg_supplementary_gids, settings->supplementary_gids);
4344 arg_n_supplementary_gids = settings->n_supplementary_gids;
4345 }
4346 }
4347
4348 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_CAPABILITY) == 0) {
4349 uint64_t plus, minus;
4350 uint64_t network_minus = 0;
4351 uint64_t ambient;
4352
4353 /* Note that we copy both the simple plus/minus caps here, and the full quintet from the
4354 * Settings structure */
4355
4356 plus = settings->capability;
4357 minus = settings->drop_capability;
4358
4359 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_NETWORK) == 0 &&
4360 settings_network_configured(settings)) {
4361 if (settings_private_network(settings))
4362 plus |= UINT64_C(1) << CAP_NET_ADMIN;
4363 else
4364 network_minus |= UINT64_C(1) << CAP_NET_ADMIN;
4365 }
4366
4367 if (!arg_settings_trusted && plus != 0) {
4368 if (settings->capability != 0)
4369 log_warning("Ignoring Capability= setting, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4370 } else {
4371 arg_caps_retain &= ~network_minus;
4372 arg_caps_retain |= plus;
4373 }
4374
4375 arg_caps_retain &= ~minus;
4376
4377 /* Copy the full capabilities over too */
4378 if (capability_quintet_is_set(&settings->full_capabilities)) {
4379 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4380 log_warning("Ignoring capability settings, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4381 else
4382 arg_full_capabilities = settings->full_capabilities;
4383 }
4384
4385 ambient = settings->ambient_capability;
4386 if (!arg_settings_trusted && ambient != 0)
4387 log_warning("Ignoring AmbientCapability= setting, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4388 else
4389 arg_caps_ambient |= ambient;
4390 }
4391
4392 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_KILL_SIGNAL) == 0 &&
4393 settings->kill_signal > 0)
4394 arg_kill_signal = settings->kill_signal;
4395
4396 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_PERSONALITY) == 0 &&
4397 settings->personality != PERSONALITY_INVALID)
4398 arg_personality = settings->personality;
4399
4400 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_MACHINE_ID) == 0 &&
4401 !sd_id128_is_null(settings->machine_id)) {
4402
4403 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4404 log_warning("Ignoring MachineID= setting, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4405 else
4406 arg_uuid = settings->machine_id;
4407 }
4408
4409 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_READ_ONLY) == 0 &&
4410 settings->read_only >= 0)
4411 arg_read_only = settings->read_only;
4412
4413 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_VOLATILE_MODE) == 0 &&
4414 settings->volatile_mode != _VOLATILE_MODE_INVALID)
4415 arg_volatile_mode = settings->volatile_mode;
4416
4417 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_CUSTOM_MOUNTS) == 0 &&
4418 settings->n_custom_mounts > 0) {
4419
4420 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4421 log_warning("Ignoring TemporaryFileSystem=, Bind= and BindReadOnly= settings, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4422 else {
4423 custom_mount_free_all(arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts);
4424 arg_custom_mounts = TAKE_PTR(settings->custom_mounts);
4425 arg_n_custom_mounts = settings->n_custom_mounts;
4426 settings->n_custom_mounts = 0;
4427 }
4428 }
4429
4430 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_NETWORK) == 0 &&
4431 settings_network_configured(settings)) {
4432
4433 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4434 log_warning("Ignoring network settings, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4435 else {
4436 arg_network_veth = settings_network_veth(settings);
4437 arg_private_network = settings_private_network(settings);
4438
4439 strv_free_and_replace(arg_network_interfaces, settings->network_interfaces);
4440 strv_free_and_replace(arg_network_macvlan, settings->network_macvlan);
4441 strv_free_and_replace(arg_network_ipvlan, settings->network_ipvlan);
4442 strv_free_and_replace(arg_network_veth_extra, settings->network_veth_extra);
4443
4444 free_and_replace(arg_network_bridge, settings->network_bridge);
4445 free_and_replace(arg_network_zone, settings->network_zone);
4446
4447 free_and_replace(arg_network_namespace_path, settings->network_namespace_path);
4448 }
4449 }
4450
4451 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_EXPOSE_PORTS) == 0 &&
4452 settings->expose_ports) {
4453
4454 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4455 log_warning("Ignoring Port= setting, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4456 else {
4457 expose_port_free_all(arg_expose_ports);
4458 arg_expose_ports = TAKE_PTR(settings->expose_ports);
4459 }
4460 }
4461
4462 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_USERNS) == 0 &&
4463 settings->userns_mode != _USER_NAMESPACE_MODE_INVALID) {
4464
4465 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4466 log_warning("Ignoring PrivateUsers= and PrivateUsersChown= settings, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4467 else {
4468 arg_userns_mode = settings->userns_mode;
4469 arg_uid_shift = settings->uid_shift;
4470 arg_uid_range = settings->uid_range;
4471 arg_userns_ownership = settings->userns_ownership;
4472 }
4473 }
4474
4475 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_BIND_USER) == 0 &&
4476 !strv_isempty(settings->bind_user))
4477 strv_free_and_replace(arg_bind_user, settings->bind_user);
4478
4479 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_NOTIFY_READY) == 0 &&
4480 settings->notify_ready >= 0)
4481 arg_notify_ready = settings->notify_ready;
4482
4483 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_SYSCALL_FILTER) == 0) {
4484
4485 if (!strv_isempty(settings->syscall_allow_list) || !strv_isempty(settings->syscall_deny_list)) {
4486 if (!arg_settings_trusted && !strv_isempty(settings->syscall_allow_list))
4487 log_warning("Ignoring SystemCallFilter= settings, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4488 else {
4489 strv_free_and_replace(arg_syscall_allow_list, settings->syscall_allow_list);
4490 strv_free_and_replace(arg_syscall_deny_list, settings->syscall_deny_list);
4491 }
4492 }
4493
4494 #if HAVE_SECCOMP
4495 if (settings->seccomp) {
4496 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4497 log_warning("Ignoring SECCOMP filter, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4498 else {
4499 seccomp_release(arg_seccomp);
4500 arg_seccomp = TAKE_PTR(settings->seccomp);
4501 }
4502 }
4503 #endif
4504 }
4505
4506 for (rl = 0; rl < _RLIMIT_MAX; rl ++) {
4507 if ((arg_settings_mask & (SETTING_RLIMIT_FIRST << rl)))
4508 continue;
4509
4510 if (!settings->rlimit[rl])
4511 continue;
4512
4513 if (!arg_settings_trusted) {
4514 log_warning("Ignoring Limit%s= setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", rlimit_to_string(rl), path);
4515 continue;
4516 }
4517
4518 free_and_replace(arg_rlimit[rl], settings->rlimit[rl]);
4519 }
4520
4521 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_HOSTNAME) == 0 &&
4522 settings->hostname)
4523 free_and_replace(arg_hostname, settings->hostname);
4524
4525 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_NO_NEW_PRIVILEGES) == 0 &&
4526 settings->no_new_privileges >= 0)
4527 arg_no_new_privileges = settings->no_new_privileges;
4528
4529 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_OOM_SCORE_ADJUST) == 0 &&
4530 settings->oom_score_adjust_set) {
4531
4532 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4533 log_warning("Ignoring OOMScoreAdjust= setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
4534 else {
4535 arg_oom_score_adjust = settings->oom_score_adjust;
4536 arg_oom_score_adjust_set = true;
4537 }
4538 }
4539
4540 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_CPU_AFFINITY) == 0 &&
4541 settings->cpu_set.set) {
4542
4543 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4544 log_warning("Ignoring CPUAffinity= setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
4545 else {
4546 cpu_set_reset(&arg_cpu_set);
4547 arg_cpu_set = settings->cpu_set;
4548 settings->cpu_set = (CPUSet) {};
4549 }
4550 }
4551
4552 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_RESOLV_CONF) == 0 &&
4553 settings->resolv_conf != _RESOLV_CONF_MODE_INVALID)
4554 arg_resolv_conf = settings->resolv_conf;
4555
4556 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_LINK_JOURNAL) == 0 &&
4557 settings->link_journal != _LINK_JOURNAL_INVALID) {
4558
4559 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4560 log_warning("Ignoring journal link setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
4561 else {
4562 arg_link_journal = settings->link_journal;
4563 arg_link_journal_try = settings->link_journal_try;
4564 }
4565 }
4566
4567 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_TIMEZONE) == 0 &&
4568 settings->timezone != _TIMEZONE_MODE_INVALID)
4569 arg_timezone = settings->timezone;
4570
4571 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_SLICE) == 0 &&
4572 settings->slice) {
4573
4574 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4575 log_warning("Ignoring slice setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
4576 else
4577 free_and_replace(arg_slice, settings->slice);
4578 }
4579
4580 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_USE_CGNS) == 0 &&
4581 settings->use_cgns >= 0) {
4582
4583 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4584 log_warning("Ignoring cgroup namespace setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
4585 else
4586 arg_use_cgns = settings->use_cgns;
4587 }
4588
4589 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_CLONE_NS_FLAGS) == 0 &&
4590 settings->clone_ns_flags != ULONG_MAX) {
4591
4592 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4593 log_warning("Ignoring namespace setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
4594 else
4595 arg_clone_ns_flags = settings->clone_ns_flags;
4596 }
4597
4598 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_CONSOLE_MODE) == 0 &&
4599 settings->console_mode >= 0) {
4600
4601 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4602 log_warning("Ignoring console mode setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
4603 else
4604 arg_console_mode = settings->console_mode;
4605 }
4606
4607 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_SUPPRESS_SYNC) == 0 &&
4608 settings->suppress_sync >= 0)
4609 arg_suppress_sync = settings->suppress_sync;
4610
4611 /* The following properties can only be set through the OCI settings logic, not from the command line, hence we
4612 * don't consult arg_settings_mask for them. */
4613
4614 sd_bus_message_unref(arg_property_message);
4615 arg_property_message = TAKE_PTR(settings->properties);
4616
4617 arg_console_width = settings->console_width;
4618 arg_console_height = settings->console_height;
4619
4620 device_node_array_free(arg_extra_nodes, arg_n_extra_nodes);
4621 arg_extra_nodes = TAKE_PTR(settings->extra_nodes);
4622 arg_n_extra_nodes = settings->n_extra_nodes;
4623
4624 return 0;
4625 }
4626
4627 static int load_settings(void) {
4628 _cleanup_(settings_freep) Settings *settings = NULL;
4629 _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;
4630 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
4631 int r;
4632
4633 if (arg_oci_bundle)
4634 return 0;
4635
4636 /* If all settings are masked, there's no point in looking for
4637 * the settings file */
4638 if (FLAGS_SET(arg_settings_mask, _SETTINGS_MASK_ALL))
4639 return 0;
4640
4641 /* We first look in the admin's directories in /etc and /run */
4642 FOREACH_STRING(i, "/etc/systemd/nspawn", "/run/systemd/nspawn") {
4643 _cleanup_free_ char *j = NULL;
4644
4645 j = path_join(i, arg_settings_filename);
4646 if (!j)
4647 return log_oom();
4648
4649 f = fopen(j, "re");
4650 if (f) {
4651 p = TAKE_PTR(j);
4652
4653 /* By default, we trust configuration from /etc and /run */
4654 if (arg_settings_trusted < 0)
4655 arg_settings_trusted = true;
4656
4657 break;
4658 }
4659
4660 if (errno != ENOENT)
4661 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to open %s: %m", j);
4662 }
4663
4664 if (!f) {
4665 /* After that, let's look for a file next to the
4666 * actual image we shall boot. */
4667
4668 if (arg_image) {
4669 p = file_in_same_dir(arg_image, arg_settings_filename);
4670 if (!p)
4671 return log_oom();
4672 } else if (arg_directory && !path_equal(arg_directory, "/")) {
4673 p = file_in_same_dir(arg_directory, arg_settings_filename);
4674 if (!p)
4675 return log_oom();
4676 }
4677
4678 if (p) {
4679 f = fopen(p, "re");
4680 if (!f && errno != ENOENT)
4681 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to open %s: %m", p);
4682
4683 /* By default, we do not trust configuration from /var/lib/machines */
4684 if (arg_settings_trusted < 0)
4685 arg_settings_trusted = false;
4686 }
4687 }
4688
4689 if (!f)
4690 return 0;
4691
4692 log_debug("Settings are trusted: %s", yes_no(arg_settings_trusted));
4693
4694 r = settings_load(f, p, &settings);
4695 if (r < 0)
4696 return r;
4697
4698 return merge_settings(settings, p);
4699 }
4700
4701 static int load_oci_bundle(void) {
4702 _cleanup_(settings_freep) Settings *settings = NULL;
4703 int r;
4704
4705 if (!arg_oci_bundle)
4706 return 0;
4707
4708 /* By default let's trust OCI bundles */
4709 if (arg_settings_trusted < 0)
4710 arg_settings_trusted = true;
4711
4712 r = oci_load(NULL, arg_oci_bundle, &settings);
4713 if (r < 0)
4714 return r;
4715
4716 return merge_settings(settings, arg_oci_bundle);
4717 }
4718
4719 static int run_container(
4720 DissectedImage *dissected_image,
4721 bool secondary,
4722 FDSet *fds,
4723 char veth_name[IFNAMSIZ], bool *veth_created,
4724 struct ExposeArgs *expose_args,
4725 int *master, pid_t *pid, int *ret) {
4726
4727 static const struct sigaction sa = {
4728 .sa_handler = nop_signal_handler,
4729 .sa_flags = SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_RESTART,
4730 };
4731
4732 _cleanup_(release_lock_file) LockFile uid_shift_lock = LOCK_FILE_INIT;
4733 _cleanup_close_ int etc_passwd_lock = -1;
4734 _cleanup_close_pair_ int
4735 kmsg_socket_pair[2] = { -1, -1 },
4736 rtnl_socket_pair[2] = { -1, -1 },
4737 pid_socket_pair[2] = { -1, -1 },
4738 uuid_socket_pair[2] = { -1, -1 },
4739 notify_socket_pair[2] = { -1, -1 },
4740 uid_shift_socket_pair[2] = { -1, -1 },
4741 master_pty_socket_pair[2] = { -1, -1 },
4742 unified_cgroup_hierarchy_socket_pair[2] = { -1, -1};
4743
4744 _cleanup_close_ int notify_socket = -1;
4745 _cleanup_(barrier_destroy) Barrier barrier = BARRIER_NULL;
4746 _cleanup_(sd_event_source_unrefp) sd_event_source *notify_event_source = NULL;
4747 _cleanup_(sd_event_unrefp) sd_event *event = NULL;
4748 _cleanup_(pty_forward_freep) PTYForward *forward = NULL;
4749 _cleanup_(sd_netlink_unrefp) sd_netlink *rtnl = NULL;
4750 _cleanup_(sd_bus_flush_close_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
4751 _cleanup_free_ uid_t *bind_user_uid = NULL;
4752 size_t n_bind_user_uid = 0;
4753 ContainerStatus container_status = 0;
4754 int ifi = 0, r;
4755 ssize_t l;
4756 sigset_t mask_chld;
4757 _cleanup_close_ int child_netns_fd = -1;
4758
4759 assert_se(sigemptyset(&mask_chld) == 0);
4760 assert_se(sigaddset(&mask_chld, SIGCHLD) == 0);
4761
4762 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_PICK) {
4763 /* When we shall pick the UID/GID range, let's first lock /etc/passwd, so that we can safely
4764 * check with getpwuid() if the specific user already exists. Note that /etc might be
4765 * read-only, in which case this will fail with EROFS. But that's really OK, as in that case we
4766 * can be reasonably sure that no users are going to be added. Note that getpwuid() checks are
4767 * really just an extra safety net. We kinda assume that the UID range we allocate from is
4768 * really ours. */
4769
4770 etc_passwd_lock = take_etc_passwd_lock(NULL);
4771 if (etc_passwd_lock < 0 && etc_passwd_lock != -EROFS)
4772 return log_error_errno(etc_passwd_lock, "Failed to take /etc/passwd lock: %m");
4773 }
4774
4775 r = barrier_create(&barrier);
4776 if (r < 0)
4777 return log_error_errno(r, "Cannot initialize IPC barrier: %m");
4778
4779 if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_SEQPACKET|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0, kmsg_socket_pair) < 0)
4780 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create kmsg socket pair: %m");
4781
4782 if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_SEQPACKET|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0, rtnl_socket_pair) < 0)
4783 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create rtnl socket pair: %m");
4784
4785 if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_SEQPACKET|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0, pid_socket_pair) < 0)
4786 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create pid socket pair: %m");
4787
4788 if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_SEQPACKET|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0, uuid_socket_pair) < 0)
4789 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create id socket pair: %m");
4790
4791 if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_SEQPACKET|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0, notify_socket_pair) < 0)
4792 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create notify socket pair: %m");
4793
4794 if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_SEQPACKET|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0, master_pty_socket_pair) < 0)
4795 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create console socket pair: %m");
4796
4797 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO)
4798 if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_SEQPACKET|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0, uid_shift_socket_pair) < 0)
4799 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create uid shift socket pair: %m");
4800
4801 if (arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy == CGROUP_UNIFIED_UNKNOWN)
4802 if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_SEQPACKET|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0, unified_cgroup_hierarchy_socket_pair) < 0)
4803 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create unified cgroup socket pair: %m");
4804
4805 /* Child can be killed before execv(), so handle SIGCHLD in order to interrupt
4806 * parent's blocking calls and give it a chance to call wait() and terminate. */
4807 r = sigprocmask(SIG_UNBLOCK, &mask_chld, NULL);
4808 if (r < 0)
4809 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to change the signal mask: %m");
4810
4811 r = sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL);
4812 if (r < 0)
4813 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to install SIGCHLD handler: %m");
4814
4815 if (arg_network_namespace_path) {
4816 child_netns_fd = open(arg_network_namespace_path, O_RDONLY|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
4817 if (child_netns_fd < 0)
4818 return log_error_errno(errno, "Cannot open file %s: %m", arg_network_namespace_path);
4819
4820 r = fd_is_ns(child_netns_fd, CLONE_NEWNET);
4821 if (r == -EUCLEAN)
4822 log_debug_errno(r, "Cannot determine if passed network namespace path '%s' really refers to a network namespace, assuming it does.", arg_network_namespace_path);
4823 else if (r < 0)
4824 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to check %s fs type: %m", arg_network_namespace_path);
4825 else if (r == 0)
4826 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
4827 "Path %s doesn't refer to a network namespace, refusing.", arg_network_namespace_path);
4828 }
4829
4830 *pid = raw_clone(SIGCHLD|CLONE_NEWNS);
4831 if (*pid < 0)
4832 return log_error_errno(errno, "clone() failed%s: %m",
4833 errno == EINVAL ?
4834 ", do you have namespace support enabled in your kernel? (You need UTS, IPC, PID and NET namespacing built in)" : "");
4835
4836 if (*pid == 0) {
4837 /* The outer child only has a file system namespace. */
4838 barrier_set_role(&barrier, BARRIER_CHILD);
4839
4840 kmsg_socket_pair[0] = safe_close(kmsg_socket_pair[0]);
4841 rtnl_socket_pair[0] = safe_close(rtnl_socket_pair[0]);
4842 pid_socket_pair[0] = safe_close(pid_socket_pair[0]);
4843 uuid_socket_pair[0] = safe_close(uuid_socket_pair[0]);
4844 notify_socket_pair[0] = safe_close(notify_socket_pair[0]);
4845 master_pty_socket_pair[0] = safe_close(master_pty_socket_pair[0]);
4846 uid_shift_socket_pair[0] = safe_close(uid_shift_socket_pair[0]);
4847 unified_cgroup_hierarchy_socket_pair[0] = safe_close(unified_cgroup_hierarchy_socket_pair[0]);
4848
4849 (void) reset_all_signal_handlers();
4850 (void) reset_signal_mask();
4851
4852 r = outer_child(&barrier,
4853 arg_directory,
4854 dissected_image,
4855 secondary,
4856 pid_socket_pair[1],
4857 uuid_socket_pair[1],
4858 notify_socket_pair[1],
4859 kmsg_socket_pair[1],
4860 rtnl_socket_pair[1],
4861 uid_shift_socket_pair[1],
4862 master_pty_socket_pair[1],
4863 unified_cgroup_hierarchy_socket_pair[1],
4864 fds,
4865 child_netns_fd);
4866 if (r < 0)
4867 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
4868
4869 _exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
4870 }
4871
4872 barrier_set_role(&barrier, BARRIER_PARENT);
4873
4874 fdset_close(fds);
4875
4876 kmsg_socket_pair[1] = safe_close(kmsg_socket_pair[1]);
4877 rtnl_socket_pair[1] = safe_close(rtnl_socket_pair[1]);
4878 pid_socket_pair[1] = safe_close(pid_socket_pair[1]);
4879 uuid_socket_pair[1] = safe_close(uuid_socket_pair[1]);
4880 notify_socket_pair[1] = safe_close(notify_socket_pair[1]);
4881 master_pty_socket_pair[1] = safe_close(master_pty_socket_pair[1]);
4882 uid_shift_socket_pair[1] = safe_close(uid_shift_socket_pair[1]);
4883 unified_cgroup_hierarchy_socket_pair[1] = safe_close(unified_cgroup_hierarchy_socket_pair[1]);
4884
4885 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
4886 /* The child just let us know the UID shift it might have read from the image. */
4887 l = recv(uid_shift_socket_pair[0], &arg_uid_shift, sizeof arg_uid_shift, 0);
4888 if (l < 0)
4889 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read UID shift: %m");
4890 if (l != sizeof arg_uid_shift)
4891 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO), "Short read while reading UID shift.");
4892
4893 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_PICK) {
4894 /* If we are supposed to pick the UID shift, let's try to use the shift read from the
4895 * image, but if that's already in use, pick a new one, and report back to the child,
4896 * which one we now picked. */
4897
4898 r = uid_shift_pick(&arg_uid_shift, &uid_shift_lock);
4899 if (r < 0)
4900 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to pick suitable UID/GID range: %m");
4901
4902 l = send(uid_shift_socket_pair[0], &arg_uid_shift, sizeof arg_uid_shift, MSG_NOSIGNAL);
4903 if (l < 0)
4904 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to send UID shift: %m");
4905 if (l != sizeof arg_uid_shift)
4906 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO), "Short write while writing UID shift.");
4907 }
4908
4909 n_bind_user_uid = strv_length(arg_bind_user);
4910 if (n_bind_user_uid > 0) {
4911 /* Right after the UID shift, we'll receive the list of UID mappings for the
4912 * --bind-user= logic. Always a quadruplet of payload and host UID + GID. */
4913
4914 bind_user_uid = new(uid_t, n_bind_user_uid*4);
4915 if (!bind_user_uid)
4916 return log_oom();
4917
4918 for (size_t i = 0; i < n_bind_user_uid; i++) {
4919 l = recv(uid_shift_socket_pair[0], bind_user_uid + i*4, sizeof(uid_t)*4, 0);
4920 if (l < 0)
4921 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read user UID map pair: %m");
4922 if (l != sizeof(uid_t)*4)
4923 return log_full_errno(l == 0 ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING,
4924 SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
4925 "Short read while reading bind user UID pairs.");
4926 }
4927 }
4928 }
4929
4930 if (arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy == CGROUP_UNIFIED_UNKNOWN) {
4931 /* The child let us know the support cgroup mode it might have read from the image. */
4932 l = recv(unified_cgroup_hierarchy_socket_pair[0], &arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy, sizeof(arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy), 0);
4933 if (l < 0)
4934 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read cgroup mode: %m");
4935 if (l != sizeof(arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy))
4936 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO), "Short read while reading cgroup mode (%zi bytes).%s",
4937 l, l == 0 ? " The child is most likely dead." : "");
4938 }
4939
4940 /* Wait for the outer child. */
4941 r = wait_for_terminate_and_check("(sd-namespace)", *pid, WAIT_LOG_ABNORMAL);
4942 if (r < 0)
4943 return r;
4944 if (r != EXIT_SUCCESS)
4945 return -EIO;
4946
4947 /* And now retrieve the PID of the inner child. */
4948 l = recv(pid_socket_pair[0], pid, sizeof *pid, 0);
4949 if (l < 0)
4950 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read inner child PID: %m");
4951 if (l != sizeof *pid)
4952 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO), "Short read while reading inner child PID.");
4953
4954 /* We also retrieve container UUID in case it was generated by outer child */
4955 l = recv(uuid_socket_pair[0], &arg_uuid, sizeof arg_uuid, 0);
4956 if (l < 0)
4957 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read container machine ID: %m");
4958 if (l != sizeof(arg_uuid))
4959 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO), "Short read while reading container machined ID.");
4960
4961 /* We also retrieve the socket used for notifications generated by outer child */
4962 notify_socket = receive_one_fd(notify_socket_pair[0], 0);
4963 if (notify_socket < 0)
4964 return log_error_errno(notify_socket,
4965 "Failed to receive notification socket from the outer child: %m");
4966
4967 log_debug("Init process invoked as PID "PID_FMT, *pid);
4968
4969 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
4970 if (!barrier_place_and_sync(&barrier)) /* #1 */
4971 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH), "Child died too early.");
4972
4973 r = setup_uid_map(*pid, bind_user_uid, n_bind_user_uid);
4974 if (r < 0)
4975 return r;
4976
4977 (void) barrier_place(&barrier); /* #2 */
4978 }
4979
4980 if (arg_private_network) {
4981 if (!arg_network_namespace_path) {
4982 /* Wait until the child has unshared its network namespace. */
4983 if (!barrier_place_and_sync(&barrier)) /* #3 */
4984 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH), "Child died too early");
4985 }
4986
4987 if (child_netns_fd < 0) {
4988 /* Make sure we have an open file descriptor to the child's network
4989 * namespace so it stays alive even if the child exits. */
4990 r = namespace_open(*pid, NULL, NULL, &child_netns_fd, NULL, NULL);
4991 if (r < 0)
4992 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to open child network namespace: %m");
4993 }
4994
4995 r = move_network_interfaces(child_netns_fd, arg_network_interfaces);
4996 if (r < 0)
4997 return r;
4998
4999 if (arg_network_veth) {
5000 r = setup_veth(arg_machine, *pid, veth_name,
5001 arg_network_bridge || arg_network_zone);
5002 if (r < 0)
5003 return r;
5004 else if (r > 0)
5005 ifi = r;
5006
5007 if (arg_network_bridge) {
5008 /* Add the interface to a bridge */
5009 r = setup_bridge(veth_name, arg_network_bridge, false);
5010 if (r < 0)
5011 return r;
5012 if (r > 0)
5013 ifi = r;
5014 } else if (arg_network_zone) {
5015 /* Add the interface to a bridge, possibly creating it */
5016 r = setup_bridge(veth_name, arg_network_zone, true);
5017 if (r < 0)
5018 return r;
5019 if (r > 0)
5020 ifi = r;
5021 }
5022 }
5023
5024 r = setup_veth_extra(arg_machine, *pid, arg_network_veth_extra);
5025 if (r < 0)
5026 return r;
5027
5028 /* We created the primary and extra veth links now; let's remember this, so that we know to
5029 remove them later on. Note that we don't bother with removing veth links that were created
5030 here when their setup failed half-way, because in that case the kernel should be able to
5031 remove them on its own, since they cannot be referenced by anything yet. */
5032 *veth_created = true;
5033
5034 r = setup_macvlan(arg_machine, *pid, arg_network_macvlan);
5035 if (r < 0)
5036 return r;
5037
5038 r = setup_ipvlan(arg_machine, *pid, arg_network_ipvlan);
5039 if (r < 0)
5040 return r;
5041 }
5042
5043 if (arg_register || !arg_keep_unit) {
5044 r = sd_bus_default_system(&bus);
5045 if (r < 0)
5046 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to open system bus: %m");
5047
5048 r = sd_bus_set_close_on_exit(bus, false);
5049 if (r < 0)
5050 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to disable close-on-exit behaviour: %m");
5051 }
5052
5053 if (!arg_keep_unit) {
5054 /* When a new scope is created for this container, then we'll be registered as its controller, in which
5055 * case PID 1 will send us a friendly RequestStop signal, when it is asked to terminate the
5056 * scope. Let's hook into that, and cleanly shut down the container, and print a friendly message. */
5057
5058 r = sd_bus_match_signal_async(
5059 bus,
5060 NULL,
5061 "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
5062 NULL,
5063 "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Scope",
5064 "RequestStop",
5065 on_request_stop, NULL, PID_TO_PTR(*pid));
5066 if (r < 0)
5067 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to request RequestStop match: %m");
5068 }
5069
5070 if (arg_register) {
5071 r = register_machine(
5072 bus,
5073 arg_machine,
5074 *pid,
5075 arg_directory,
5076 arg_uuid,
5077 ifi,
5078 arg_slice,
5079 arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts,
5080 arg_kill_signal,
5081 arg_property,
5082 arg_property_message,
5083 arg_keep_unit,
5084 arg_container_service_name);
5085 if (r < 0)
5086 return r;
5087
5088 } else if (!arg_keep_unit) {
5089 r = allocate_scope(
5090 bus,
5091 arg_machine,
5092 *pid,
5093 arg_slice,
5094 arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts,
5095 arg_kill_signal,
5096 arg_property,
5097 arg_property_message);
5098 if (r < 0)
5099 return r;
5100
5101 } else if (arg_slice || arg_property)
5102 log_notice("Machine and scope registration turned off, --slice= and --property= settings will have no effect.");
5103
5104 r = create_subcgroup(*pid, arg_keep_unit, arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy);
5105 if (r < 0)
5106 return r;
5107
5108 r = sync_cgroup(*pid, arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy, arg_uid_shift);
5109 if (r < 0)
5110 return r;
5111
5112 r = chown_cgroup(*pid, arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy, arg_uid_shift);
5113 if (r < 0)
5114 return r;
5115
5116 /* Notify the child that the parent is ready with all
5117 * its setup (including cgroup-ification), and that
5118 * the child can now hand over control to the code to
5119 * run inside the container. */
5120 (void) barrier_place(&barrier); /* #4 */
5121
5122 /* Block SIGCHLD here, before notifying child.
5123 * process_pty() will handle it with the other signals. */
5124 assert_se(sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &mask_chld, NULL) >= 0);
5125
5126 /* Reset signal to default */
5127 r = default_signals(SIGCHLD);
5128 if (r < 0)
5129 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to reset SIGCHLD: %m");
5130
5131 r = sd_event_new(&event);
5132 if (r < 0)
5133 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get default event source: %m");
5134
5135 (void) sd_event_set_watchdog(event, true);
5136
5137 if (bus) {
5138 r = sd_bus_attach_event(bus, event, 0);
5139 if (r < 0)
5140 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to attach bus to event loop: %m");
5141 }
5142
5143 r = setup_notify_parent(event, notify_socket, PID_TO_PTR(*pid), &notify_event_source);
5144 if (r < 0)
5145 return r;
5146
5147 /* Let the child know that we are ready and wait that the child is completely ready now. */
5148 if (!barrier_place_and_sync(&barrier)) /* #5 */
5149 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH), "Child died too early.");
5150
5151 /* At this point we have made use of the UID we picked, and thus nss-systemd/systemd-machined.service
5152 * will make them appear in getpwuid(), thus we can release the /etc/passwd lock. */
5153 etc_passwd_lock = safe_close(etc_passwd_lock);
5154
5155 (void) sd_notifyf(false,
5156 "STATUS=Container running.\n"
5157 "X_NSPAWN_LEADER_PID=" PID_FMT, *pid);
5158 if (!arg_notify_ready) {
5159 r = sd_notify(false, "READY=1\n");
5160 if (r < 0)
5161 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to send readiness notification, ignoring: %m");
5162 }
5163
5164 if (arg_kill_signal > 0) {
5165 /* Try to kill the init system on SIGINT or SIGTERM */
5166 (void) sd_event_add_signal(event, NULL, SIGINT, on_orderly_shutdown, PID_TO_PTR(*pid));
5167 (void) sd_event_add_signal(event, NULL, SIGTERM, on_orderly_shutdown, PID_TO_PTR(*pid));
5168 } else {
5169 /* Immediately exit */
5170 (void) sd_event_add_signal(event, NULL, SIGINT, NULL, NULL);
5171 (void) sd_event_add_signal(event, NULL, SIGTERM, NULL, NULL);
5172 }
5173
5174 /* Exit when the child exits */
5175 (void) sd_event_add_signal(event, NULL, SIGCHLD, on_sigchld, PID_TO_PTR(*pid));
5176
5177 if (arg_expose_ports) {
5178 r = expose_port_watch_rtnl(event, rtnl_socket_pair[0], on_address_change, expose_args, &rtnl);
5179 if (r < 0)
5180 return r;
5181
5182 (void) expose_port_execute(rtnl, &expose_args->fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET, &expose_args->address4);
5183 (void) expose_port_execute(rtnl, &expose_args->fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET6, &expose_args->address6);
5184 }
5185
5186 rtnl_socket_pair[0] = safe_close(rtnl_socket_pair[0]);
5187
5188 if (arg_console_mode != CONSOLE_PIPE) {
5189 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
5190 PTYForwardFlags flags = 0;
5191
5192 /* Retrieve the master pty allocated by inner child */
5193 fd = receive_one_fd(master_pty_socket_pair[0], 0);
5194 if (fd < 0)
5195 return log_error_errno(fd, "Failed to receive master pty from the inner child: %m");
5196
5197 switch (arg_console_mode) {
5198
5199 case CONSOLE_READ_ONLY:
5200 flags |= PTY_FORWARD_READ_ONLY;
5201
5202 _fallthrough_;
5203
5204 case CONSOLE_INTERACTIVE:
5205 flags |= PTY_FORWARD_IGNORE_VHANGUP;
5206
5207 r = pty_forward_new(event, fd, flags, &forward);
5208 if (r < 0)
5209 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create PTY forwarder: %m");
5210
5211 if (arg_console_width != UINT_MAX || arg_console_height != UINT_MAX)
5212 (void) pty_forward_set_width_height(forward,
5213 arg_console_width,
5214 arg_console_height);
5215 break;
5216
5217 default:
5218 assert(arg_console_mode == CONSOLE_PASSIVE);
5219 }
5220
5221 *master = TAKE_FD(fd);
5222 }
5223
5224 r = sd_event_loop(event);
5225 if (r < 0)
5226 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to run event loop: %m");
5227
5228 if (forward) {
5229 char last_char = 0;
5230
5231 (void) pty_forward_get_last_char(forward, &last_char);
5232 forward = pty_forward_free(forward);
5233
5234 if (!arg_quiet && last_char != '\n')
5235 putc('\n', stdout);
5236 }
5237
5238 /* Kill if it is not dead yet anyway */
5239 if (!arg_register && !arg_keep_unit && bus)
5240 terminate_scope(bus, arg_machine);
5241
5242 /* Normally redundant, but better safe than sorry */
5243 (void) kill(*pid, SIGKILL);
5244
5245 if (arg_private_network) {
5246 /* Move network interfaces back to the parent network namespace. We use `safe_fork`
5247 * to avoid having to move the parent to the child network namespace. */
5248 r = safe_fork(NULL, FORK_RESET_SIGNALS|FORK_DEATHSIG|FORK_WAIT|FORK_LOG, NULL);
5249 if (r < 0)
5250 return r;
5251
5252 if (r == 0) {
5253 _cleanup_close_ int parent_netns_fd = -1;
5254
5255 r = namespace_open(getpid(), NULL, NULL, &parent_netns_fd, NULL, NULL);
5256 if (r < 0) {
5257 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to open parent network namespace: %m");
5258 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
5259 }
5260
5261 r = namespace_enter(-1, -1, child_netns_fd, -1, -1);
5262 if (r < 0) {
5263 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to enter child network namespace: %m");
5264 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
5265 }
5266
5267 r = move_network_interfaces(parent_netns_fd, arg_network_interfaces);
5268 if (r < 0)
5269 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to move network interfaces back to parent network namespace: %m");
5270
5271 _exit(r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : EXIT_SUCCESS);
5272 }
5273 }
5274
5275 r = wait_for_container(TAKE_PID(*pid), &container_status);
5276
5277 /* Tell machined that we are gone. */
5278 if (bus)
5279 (void) unregister_machine(bus, arg_machine);
5280
5281 if (r < 0)
5282 /* We failed to wait for the container, or the container exited abnormally. */
5283 return r;
5284 if (r > 0 || container_status == CONTAINER_TERMINATED) {
5285 /* r > 0 → The container exited with a non-zero status.
5286 * As a special case, we need to replace 133 with a different value,
5287 * because 133 is special-cased in the service file to reboot the container.
5288 * otherwise → The container exited with zero status and a reboot was not requested.
5289 */
5290 if (r == EXIT_FORCE_RESTART)
5291 r = EXIT_FAILURE; /* replace 133 with the general failure code */
5292 *ret = r;
5293 return 0; /* finito */
5294 }
5295
5296 /* CONTAINER_REBOOTED, loop again */
5297
5298 if (arg_keep_unit) {
5299 /* Special handling if we are running as a service: instead of simply
5300 * restarting the machine we want to restart the entire service, so let's
5301 * inform systemd about this with the special exit code 133. The service
5302 * file uses RestartForceExitStatus=133 so that this results in a full
5303 * nspawn restart. This is necessary since we might have cgroup parameters
5304 * set we want to have flushed out. */
5305 *ret = EXIT_FORCE_RESTART;
5306 return 0; /* finito */
5307 }
5308
5309 expose_port_flush(&expose_args->fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET, &expose_args->address4);
5310 expose_port_flush(&expose_args->fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET6, &expose_args->address6);
5311
5312 (void) remove_veth_links(veth_name, arg_network_veth_extra);
5313 *veth_created = false;
5314 return 1; /* loop again */
5315 }
5316
5317 static int initialize_rlimits(void) {
5318 /* The default resource limits the kernel passes to PID 1, as per kernel 5.16. Let's pass our container payload
5319 * the same values as the kernel originally passed to PID 1, in order to minimize differences between host and
5320 * container execution environments. */
5321
5322 static const struct rlimit kernel_defaults[_RLIMIT_MAX] = {
5323 [RLIMIT_AS] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
5324 [RLIMIT_CORE] = { 0, RLIM_INFINITY },
5325 [RLIMIT_CPU] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
5326 [RLIMIT_DATA] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
5327 [RLIMIT_FSIZE] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
5328 [RLIMIT_LOCKS] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
5329 [RLIMIT_MEMLOCK] = { DEFAULT_RLIMIT_MEMLOCK, DEFAULT_RLIMIT_MEMLOCK },
5330 [RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE] = { 819200, 819200 },
5331 [RLIMIT_NICE] = { 0, 0 },
5332 [RLIMIT_NOFILE] = { 1024, 4096 },
5333 [RLIMIT_RSS] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
5334 [RLIMIT_RTPRIO] = { 0, 0 },
5335 [RLIMIT_RTTIME] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
5336 [RLIMIT_STACK] = { 8388608, RLIM_INFINITY },
5337
5338 /* The kernel scales the default for RLIMIT_NPROC and RLIMIT_SIGPENDING based on the system's amount of
5339 * RAM. To provide best compatibility we'll read these limits off PID 1 instead of hardcoding them
5340 * here. This is safe as we know that PID 1 doesn't change these two limits and thus the original
5341 * kernel's initialization should still be valid during runtime — at least if PID 1 is systemd. Note
5342 * that PID 1 changes a number of other resource limits during early initialization which is why we
5343 * don't read the other limits from PID 1 but prefer the static table above. */
5344 };
5345
5346 int rl;
5347
5348 for (rl = 0; rl < _RLIMIT_MAX; rl++) {
5349 /* Let's only fill in what the user hasn't explicitly configured anyway */
5350 if ((arg_settings_mask & (SETTING_RLIMIT_FIRST << rl)) == 0) {
5351 const struct rlimit *v;
5352 struct rlimit buffer;
5353
5354 if (IN_SET(rl, RLIMIT_NPROC, RLIMIT_SIGPENDING)) {
5355 /* For these two let's read the limits off PID 1. See above for an explanation. */
5356
5357 if (prlimit(1, rl, NULL, &buffer) < 0)
5358 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read resource limit RLIMIT_%s of PID 1: %m", rlimit_to_string(rl));
5359
5360 v = &buffer;
5361 } else if (rl == RLIMIT_NOFILE) {
5362 /* We nowadays bump RLIMIT_NOFILE's hard limit early in PID 1 for all
5363 * userspace. Given that nspawn containers are often run without our PID 1,
5364 * let's grant the containers a raised RLIMIT_NOFILE hard limit by default,
5365 * so that container userspace gets similar resources as host userspace
5366 * gets. */
5367 buffer = kernel_defaults[rl];
5368 buffer.rlim_max = MIN((rlim_t) read_nr_open(), (rlim_t) HIGH_RLIMIT_NOFILE);
5369 v = &buffer;
5370 } else
5371 v = kernel_defaults + rl;
5372
5373 arg_rlimit[rl] = newdup(struct rlimit, v, 1);
5374 if (!arg_rlimit[rl])
5375 return log_oom();
5376 }
5377
5378 if (DEBUG_LOGGING) {
5379 _cleanup_free_ char *k = NULL;
5380
5381 (void) rlimit_format(arg_rlimit[rl], &k);
5382 log_debug("Setting RLIMIT_%s to %s.", rlimit_to_string(rl), k);
5383 }
5384 }
5385
5386 return 0;
5387 }
5388
5389 static int cant_be_in_netns(void) {
5390 char udev_path[STRLEN("/proc//ns/net") + DECIMAL_STR_MAX(pid_t)];
5391 _cleanup_free_ char *udev_ns = NULL, *our_ns = NULL;
5392 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
5393 struct ucred ucred;
5394 int r;
5395
5396 /* Check if we are in the same netns as udev. If we aren't, then device monitoring (and thus waiting
5397 * for loopback block devices) won't work, and we will hang. Detect this case and exit early with a
5398 * nice message. */
5399
5400 if (!arg_image) /* only matters if --image= us used, i.e. we actually need to use loopback devices */
5401 return 0;
5402
5403 fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_SEQPACKET|SOCK_NONBLOCK|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0);
5404 if (fd < 0)
5405 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to allocate udev control socket: %m");
5406
5407 r = connect_unix_path(fd, AT_FDCWD, "/run/udev/control");
5408 if (r < 0) {
5409 if (r == -ENOENT || ERRNO_IS_DISCONNECT(r))
5410 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EOPNOTSUPP),
5411 "Sorry, but --image= requires access to the host's /run/ hierarchy, since we need access to udev.");
5412
5413 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to connect socket to udev control socket: %m");
5414 }
5415
5416 r = getpeercred(fd, &ucred);
5417 if (r < 0)
5418 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine peer of udev control socket: %m");
5419
5420 xsprintf(udev_path, "/proc/" PID_FMT "/ns/net", ucred.pid);
5421 r = readlink_malloc(udev_path, &udev_ns);
5422 if (r < 0)
5423 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to read network namespace of udev: %m");
5424
5425 r = readlink_malloc("/proc/self/ns/net", &our_ns);
5426 if (r < 0)
5427 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to read our own network namespace: %m");
5428
5429 if (!streq(our_ns, udev_ns))
5430 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EOPNOTSUPP),
5431 "Sorry, but --image= is only supported in the main network namespace, since we need access to udev/AF_NETLINK.");
5432 return 0;
5433 }
5434
5435 static int run(int argc, char *argv[]) {
5436 bool secondary = false, remove_directory = false, remove_image = false,
5437 veth_created = false, remove_tmprootdir = false;
5438 _cleanup_close_ int master = -1;
5439 _cleanup_fdset_free_ FDSet *fds = NULL;
5440 int r, n_fd_passed, ret = EXIT_SUCCESS;
5441 char veth_name[IFNAMSIZ] = "";
5442 struct ExposeArgs expose_args = {};
5443 _cleanup_(release_lock_file) LockFile tree_global_lock = LOCK_FILE_INIT, tree_local_lock = LOCK_FILE_INIT;
5444 char tmprootdir[] = "/tmp/nspawn-root-XXXXXX";
5445 _cleanup_(loop_device_unrefp) LoopDevice *loop = NULL;
5446 _cleanup_(decrypted_image_unrefp) DecryptedImage *decrypted_image = NULL;
5447 _cleanup_(dissected_image_unrefp) DissectedImage *dissected_image = NULL;
5448 _cleanup_(fw_ctx_freep) FirewallContext *fw_ctx = NULL;
5449 pid_t pid = 0;
5450
5451 log_parse_environment();
5452 log_open();
5453
5454 r = parse_argv(argc, argv);
5455 if (r <= 0)
5456 goto finish;
5457
5458 if (geteuid() != 0) {
5459 r = log_warning_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EPERM),
5460 argc >= 2 ? "Need to be root." :
5461 "Need to be root (and some arguments are usually required).\nHint: try --help");
5462 goto finish;
5463 }
5464
5465 r = cant_be_in_netns();
5466 if (r < 0)
5467 goto finish;
5468
5469 r = initialize_rlimits();
5470 if (r < 0)
5471 goto finish;
5472
5473 r = load_oci_bundle();
5474 if (r < 0)
5475 goto finish;
5476
5477 r = determine_names();
5478 if (r < 0)
5479 goto finish;
5480
5481 r = load_settings();
5482 if (r < 0)
5483 goto finish;
5484
5485 r = cg_unified();
5486 if (r < 0) {
5487 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine whether the unified cgroups hierarchy is used: %m");
5488 goto finish;
5489 }
5490
5491 r = verify_arguments();
5492 if (r < 0)
5493 goto finish;
5494
5495 /* Reapply environment settings. */
5496 (void) detect_unified_cgroup_hierarchy_from_environment();
5497
5498 /* Ignore SIGPIPE here, because we use splice() on the ptyfwd stuff and that will generate SIGPIPE if
5499 * the result is closed. Note that the container payload child will reset signal mask+handler anyway,
5500 * so just turning this off here means we only turn it off in nspawn itself, not any children. */
5501 (void) ignore_signals(SIGPIPE);
5502
5503 n_fd_passed = sd_listen_fds(false);
5504 if (n_fd_passed > 0) {
5505 r = fdset_new_listen_fds(&fds, false);
5506 if (r < 0) {
5507 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to collect file descriptors: %m");
5508 goto finish;
5509 }
5510 }
5511
5512 /* The "default" umask. This is appropriate for most file and directory
5513 * operations performed by nspawn, and is the umask that will be used for
5514 * the child. Functions like copy_devnodes() change the umask temporarily. */
5515 umask(0022);
5516
5517 if (arg_directory) {
5518 assert(!arg_image);
5519
5520 /* Safety precaution: let's not allow running images from the live host OS image, as long as
5521 * /var from the host will propagate into container dynamically (because bad things happen if
5522 * two systems write to the same /var). Let's allow it for the special cases where /var is
5523 * either copied (i.e. --ephemeral) or replaced (i.e. --volatile=yes|state). */
5524 if (path_equal(arg_directory, "/") && !(arg_ephemeral || IN_SET(arg_volatile_mode, VOLATILE_YES, VOLATILE_STATE))) {
5525 log_error("Spawning container on root directory is not supported. Consider using --ephemeral, --volatile=yes or --volatile=state.");
5526 r = -EINVAL;
5527 goto finish;
5528 }
5529
5530 if (arg_ephemeral) {
5531 _cleanup_free_ char *np = NULL;
5532
5533 r = chase_symlinks_and_update(&arg_directory, 0);
5534 if (r < 0)
5535 goto finish;
5536
5537 /* If the specified path is a mount point we generate the new snapshot immediately
5538 * inside it under a random name. However if the specified is not a mount point we
5539 * create the new snapshot in the parent directory, just next to it. */
5540 r = path_is_mount_point(arg_directory, NULL, 0);
5541 if (r < 0) {
5542 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine whether directory %s is mount point: %m", arg_directory);
5543 goto finish;
5544 }
5545 if (r > 0)
5546 r = tempfn_random_child(arg_directory, "machine.", &np);
5547 else
5548 r = tempfn_random(arg_directory, "machine.", &np);
5549 if (r < 0) {
5550 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate name for directory snapshot: %m");
5551 goto finish;
5552 }
5553
5554 /* We take an exclusive lock on this image, since it's our private, ephemeral copy
5555 * only owned by us and no one else. */
5556 r = image_path_lock(np, LOCK_EX|LOCK_NB, &tree_global_lock, &tree_local_lock);
5557 if (r < 0) {
5558 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to lock %s: %m", np);
5559 goto finish;
5560 }
5561
5562 {
5563 BLOCK_SIGNALS(SIGINT);
5564 r = btrfs_subvol_snapshot(arg_directory, np,
5565 (arg_read_only ? BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_READ_ONLY : 0) |
5566 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_FALLBACK_COPY |
5567 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_FALLBACK_DIRECTORY |
5568 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_RECURSIVE |
5569 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_QUOTA |
5570 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_SIGINT);
5571 }
5572 if (r == -EINTR) {
5573 log_error_errno(r, "Interrupted while copying file system tree to %s, removed again.", np);
5574 goto finish;
5575 }
5576 if (r < 0) {
5577 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create snapshot %s from %s: %m", np, arg_directory);
5578 goto finish;
5579 }
5580
5581 free_and_replace(arg_directory, np);
5582 remove_directory = true;
5583 } else {
5584 r = chase_symlinks_and_update(&arg_directory, arg_template ? CHASE_NONEXISTENT : 0);
5585 if (r < 0)
5586 goto finish;
5587
5588 r = image_path_lock(arg_directory, (arg_read_only ? LOCK_SH : LOCK_EX) | LOCK_NB, &tree_global_lock, &tree_local_lock);
5589 if (r == -EBUSY) {
5590 log_error_errno(r, "Directory tree %s is currently busy.", arg_directory);
5591 goto finish;
5592 }
5593 if (r < 0) {
5594 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to lock %s: %m", arg_directory);
5595 goto finish;
5596 }
5597
5598 if (arg_template) {
5599 r = chase_symlinks_and_update(&arg_template, 0);
5600 if (r < 0)
5601 goto finish;
5602
5603 {
5604 BLOCK_SIGNALS(SIGINT);
5605 r = btrfs_subvol_snapshot(arg_template, arg_directory,
5606 (arg_read_only ? BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_READ_ONLY : 0) |
5607 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_FALLBACK_COPY |
5608 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_FALLBACK_DIRECTORY |
5609 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_FALLBACK_IMMUTABLE |
5610 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_RECURSIVE |
5611 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_QUOTA |
5612 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_SIGINT);
5613 }
5614 if (r == -EEXIST)
5615 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO,
5616 "Directory %s already exists, not populating from template %s.", arg_directory, arg_template);
5617 else if (r == -EINTR) {
5618 log_error_errno(r, "Interrupted while copying file system tree to %s, removed again.", arg_directory);
5619 goto finish;
5620 } else if (r < 0) {
5621 log_error_errno(r, "Couldn't create snapshot %s from %s: %m", arg_directory, arg_template);
5622 goto finish;
5623 } else
5624 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO,
5625 "Populated %s from template %s.", arg_directory, arg_template);
5626 }
5627 }
5628
5629 if (arg_start_mode == START_BOOT) {
5630 _cleanup_free_ char *b = NULL;
5631 const char *p;
5632
5633 if (arg_pivot_root_new) {
5634 b = path_join(arg_directory, arg_pivot_root_new);
5635 if (!b)
5636 return log_oom();
5637
5638 p = b;
5639 } else
5640 p = arg_directory;
5641
5642 if (path_is_os_tree(p) <= 0) {
5643 r = log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
5644 "Directory %s doesn't look like an OS root directory (os-release file is missing). Refusing.", p);
5645 goto finish;
5646 }
5647 } else {
5648 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
5649
5650 if (arg_pivot_root_new)
5651 p = path_join(arg_directory, arg_pivot_root_new, "/usr/");
5652 else
5653 p = path_join(arg_directory, "/usr/");
5654 if (!p)
5655 return log_oom();
5656
5657 if (laccess(p, F_OK) < 0) {
5658 r = log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
5659 "Directory %s doesn't look like it has an OS tree (/usr/ directory is missing). Refusing.", arg_directory);
5660 goto finish;
5661 }
5662 }
5663
5664 } else {
5665 DissectImageFlags dissect_image_flags =
5666 DISSECT_IMAGE_GENERIC_ROOT |
5667 DISSECT_IMAGE_REQUIRE_ROOT |
5668 DISSECT_IMAGE_RELAX_VAR_CHECK |
5669 DISSECT_IMAGE_USR_NO_ROOT;
5670 assert(arg_image);
5671 assert(!arg_template);
5672
5673 r = chase_symlinks_and_update(&arg_image, 0);
5674 if (r < 0)
5675 goto finish;
5676
5677 if (arg_ephemeral) {
5678 _cleanup_free_ char *np = NULL;
5679
5680 r = tempfn_random(arg_image, "machine.", &np);
5681 if (r < 0) {
5682 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate name for image snapshot: %m");
5683 goto finish;
5684 }
5685
5686 /* Always take an exclusive lock on our own ephemeral copy. */
5687 r = image_path_lock(np, LOCK_EX|LOCK_NB, &tree_global_lock, &tree_local_lock);
5688 if (r < 0) {
5689 r = log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create image lock: %m");
5690 goto finish;
5691 }
5692
5693 {
5694 BLOCK_SIGNALS(SIGINT);
5695 r = copy_file(arg_image, np, O_EXCL, arg_read_only ? 0400 : 0600, FS_NOCOW_FL, FS_NOCOW_FL, COPY_REFLINK|COPY_CRTIME|COPY_SIGINT);
5696 }
5697 if (r == -EINTR) {
5698 log_error_errno(r, "Interrupted while copying image file to %s, removed again.", np);
5699 goto finish;
5700 }
5701 if (r < 0) {
5702 r = log_error_errno(r, "Failed to copy image file: %m");
5703 goto finish;
5704 }
5705
5706 free_and_replace(arg_image, np);
5707 remove_image = true;
5708 } else {
5709 r = image_path_lock(arg_image, (arg_read_only ? LOCK_SH : LOCK_EX) | LOCK_NB, &tree_global_lock, &tree_local_lock);
5710 if (r == -EBUSY) {
5711 r = log_error_errno(r, "Disk image %s is currently busy.", arg_image);
5712 goto finish;
5713 }
5714 if (r < 0) {
5715 r = log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create image lock: %m");
5716 goto finish;
5717 }
5718
5719 r = verity_settings_load(
5720 &arg_verity_settings,
5721 arg_image, NULL, NULL);
5722 if (r < 0) {
5723 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to read verity artefacts for %s: %m", arg_image);
5724 goto finish;
5725 }
5726
5727 if (arg_verity_settings.data_path)
5728 dissect_image_flags |= DISSECT_IMAGE_NO_PARTITION_TABLE;
5729 }
5730
5731 if (!mkdtemp(tmprootdir)) {
5732 r = log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create temporary directory: %m");
5733 goto finish;
5734 }
5735
5736 remove_tmprootdir = true;
5737
5738 arg_directory = strdup(tmprootdir);
5739 if (!arg_directory) {
5740 r = log_oom();
5741 goto finish;
5742 }
5743
5744 r = loop_device_make_by_path(
5745 arg_image,
5746 arg_read_only ? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR,
5747 FLAGS_SET(dissect_image_flags, DISSECT_IMAGE_NO_PARTITION_TABLE) ? 0 : LO_FLAGS_PARTSCAN,
5748 LOCK_SH,
5749 &loop);
5750 if (r < 0) {
5751 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set up loopback block device: %m");
5752 goto finish;
5753 }
5754
5755 r = dissect_loop_device_and_warn(
5756 loop,
5757 &arg_verity_settings,
5758 NULL,
5759 dissect_image_flags,
5760 &dissected_image);
5761 if (r == -ENOPKG) {
5762 /* dissected_image_and_warn() already printed a brief error message. Extend on that with more details */
5763 log_notice("Note that the disk image needs to\n"
5764 " a) either contain only a single MBR partition of type 0x83 that is marked bootable\n"
5765 " b) or contain a single GPT partition of type 0FC63DAF-8483-4772-8E79-3D69D8477DE4\n"
5766 " c) or follow https://systemd.io/DISCOVERABLE_PARTITIONS\n"
5767 " d) or contain a file system without a partition table\n"
5768 "in order to be bootable with systemd-nspawn.");
5769 goto finish;
5770 }
5771 if (r < 0)
5772 goto finish;
5773
5774 r = dissected_image_load_verity_sig_partition(
5775 dissected_image,
5776 loop->fd,
5777 &arg_verity_settings);
5778 if (r < 0)
5779 goto finish;
5780
5781 if (dissected_image->has_verity && !arg_verity_settings.root_hash && !dissected_image->has_verity_sig)
5782 log_notice("Note: image %s contains verity information, but no root hash specified and no embedded "
5783 "root hash signature found! Proceeding without integrity checking.", arg_image);
5784
5785 r = dissected_image_decrypt_interactively(
5786 dissected_image,
5787 NULL,
5788 &arg_verity_settings,
5789 0,
5790 &decrypted_image);
5791 if (r < 0)
5792 goto finish;
5793
5794 /* Now that we mounted the image, let's try to remove it again, if it is ephemeral */
5795 if (remove_image && unlink(arg_image) >= 0)
5796 remove_image = false;
5797 }
5798
5799 r = custom_mount_prepare_all(arg_directory, arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts);
5800 if (r < 0)
5801 goto finish;
5802
5803 if (arg_console_mode < 0)
5804 arg_console_mode =
5805 isatty(STDIN_FILENO) > 0 &&
5806 isatty(STDOUT_FILENO) > 0 ? CONSOLE_INTERACTIVE : CONSOLE_READ_ONLY;
5807
5808 if (arg_console_mode == CONSOLE_PIPE) /* if we pass STDERR on to the container, don't add our own logs into it too */
5809 arg_quiet = true;
5810
5811 if (!arg_quiet)
5812 log_info("Spawning container %s on %s.\nPress ^] three times within 1s to kill container.",
5813 arg_machine, arg_image ?: arg_directory);
5814
5815 assert_se(sigprocmask_many(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, SIGCHLD, SIGWINCH, SIGTERM, SIGINT, -1) >= 0);
5816
5817 if (prctl(PR_SET_CHILD_SUBREAPER, 1, 0, 0, 0) < 0) {
5818 r = log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to become subreaper: %m");
5819 goto finish;
5820 }
5821
5822 if (arg_expose_ports) {
5823 r = fw_ctx_new(&fw_ctx);
5824 if (r < 0) {
5825 log_error_errno(r, "Cannot expose configured ports, firewall initialization failed: %m");
5826 goto finish;
5827 }
5828 expose_args.fw_ctx = fw_ctx;
5829 }
5830 for (;;) {
5831 r = run_container(dissected_image,
5832 secondary,
5833 fds,
5834 veth_name, &veth_created,
5835 &expose_args, &master,
5836 &pid, &ret);
5837 if (r <= 0)
5838 break;
5839 }
5840
5841 finish:
5842 (void) sd_notify(false,
5843 r == 0 && ret == EXIT_FORCE_RESTART ? "STOPPING=1\nSTATUS=Restarting..." :
5844 "STOPPING=1\nSTATUS=Terminating...");
5845
5846 if (pid > 0)
5847 (void) kill(pid, SIGKILL);
5848
5849 /* Try to flush whatever is still queued in the pty */
5850 if (master >= 0) {
5851 (void) copy_bytes(master, STDOUT_FILENO, UINT64_MAX, 0);
5852 master = safe_close(master);
5853 }
5854
5855 if (pid > 0)
5856 (void) wait_for_terminate(pid, NULL);
5857
5858 pager_close();
5859
5860 if (remove_directory && arg_directory) {
5861 int k;
5862
5863 k = rm_rf(arg_directory, REMOVE_ROOT|REMOVE_PHYSICAL|REMOVE_SUBVOLUME);
5864 if (k < 0)
5865 log_warning_errno(k, "Cannot remove '%s', ignoring: %m", arg_directory);
5866 }
5867
5868 if (remove_image && arg_image) {
5869 if (unlink(arg_image) < 0)
5870 log_warning_errno(errno, "Can't remove image file '%s', ignoring: %m", arg_image);
5871 }
5872
5873 if (remove_tmprootdir) {
5874 if (rmdir(tmprootdir) < 0)
5875 log_debug_errno(errno, "Can't remove temporary root directory '%s', ignoring: %m", tmprootdir);
5876 }
5877
5878 if (arg_machine) {
5879 const char *p;
5880
5881 p = strjoina("/run/systemd/nspawn/propagate/", arg_machine);
5882 (void) rm_rf(p, REMOVE_ROOT);
5883 }
5884
5885 expose_port_flush(&fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET, &expose_args.address4);
5886 expose_port_flush(&fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET6, &expose_args.address6);
5887
5888 if (veth_created)
5889 (void) remove_veth_links(veth_name, arg_network_veth_extra);
5890 (void) remove_bridge(arg_network_zone);
5891
5892 custom_mount_free_all(arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts);
5893 expose_port_free_all(arg_expose_ports);
5894 rlimit_free_all(arg_rlimit);
5895 device_node_array_free(arg_extra_nodes, arg_n_extra_nodes);
5896 credential_free_all(arg_credentials, arg_n_credentials);
5897
5898 if (r < 0)
5899 return r;
5900
5901 return ret;
5902 }
5903
5904 DEFINE_MAIN_FUNCTION_WITH_POSITIVE_FAILURE(run);
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