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d657c51f 1systemd System and Service Manager
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3CHANGES WITH 204:
4
5 * The Python bindings gained some minimal support for the APIs
6 exposed by libsystemd-logind.
7
8 * ConditionSecurity= gained support for detecting SMACK. Since
9 this condition already supports SELinux and AppArmor we only
10 miss IMA for this. Patches welcome!
11
12 Contributions from: Karol Lewandowski, Lennart Poettering,
13 Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek
14
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15CHANGES WITH 203:
16
17 * systemd-nspawn will now create /etc/resolv.conf if
18 necessary, before bind-mounting the host's file onto it.
19
20 * systemd-nspawn will now store meta information about a
21 container on the container's cgroup as extended attribute
22 fields, including the root directory.
23
24 * The cgroup hierarchy has been reworked in many ways. All
25 objects any of the components systemd creates in the cgroup
b82eed9a 26 tree are now suffixed. More specifically, user sessions are
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27 now placed in cgroups suffixed with ".session", users in
28 cgroups suffixed with ".user", and nspawn containers in
29 cgroups suffixed with ".nspawn". Furthermore, all cgroup
30 names are now escaped in a simple scheme to avoid collision
31 of userspace object names with kernel filenames. This work
32 is preparation for making these objects relocatable in the
33 cgroup tree, in order to allow easy resource partitioning of
34 these objects without causing naming conflicts.
35
36 * systemctl list-dependencies gained the new switches
37 --plain, --reverse, --after and --before.
38
39 * systemd-inhibit now shows the process name of processes that
40 have taken an inhibitor lock.
41
42 * nss-myhostname will now also resolve "localhost"
43 implicitly. This makes /etc/hosts an optional file and
44 nicely handles that on IPv6 ::1 maps to both "localhost" and
45 the local hostname.
46
47 * libsystemd-logind.so gained a new call
48 sd_get_machine_names() to enumerate running containers and
49 VMs (currently only supported by very new libvirt and
50 nspawn). sd_login_monitor can now be used to watch
51 VMs/containers coming and going.
52
53 * .include is not allowed recursively anymore, and only in
54 unit files. Usually it is better to use drop-in snippets in
55 .d/*.conf anyway, as introduced with systemd 198.
56
57 * systemd-analyze gained a new "critical-chain" command that
58 determines the slowest chain of units run during system
59 boot-up. It is very useful for tracking down where
60 optimizing boot time is the most beneficial.
61
62 * systemd will no longer allow manipulating service paths in
63 the name=systemd:/system cgroup tree using ControlGroup= in
64 units. (But is still fine with it in all other dirs.)
65
66 * There's a new systemd-nspawn@.service service file that may
67 be used to easily run nspawn containers as system
68 services. With the container's root directory in
69 /var/lib/container/foobar it is now sufficient to run
70 "systemctl start systemd-nspawn@foobar.service" to boot it.
71
72 * systemd-cgls gained a new parameter "--machine" to list only
73 the processes within a certain container.
74
75 * ConditionSecurity= now can check for "apparmor". We still
76 are lacking checks for SMACK and IMA for this condition
77 check though. Patches welcome!
78
79 * A new configuration file /etc/systemd/sleep.conf has been
80 added that may be used to configure which kernel operation
81 systemd is supposed to execute when "suspend", "hibernate"
82 or "hybrid-sleep" is requested. This makes the new kernel
83 "freeze" state accessible to the user.
84
85 * ENV{SYSTEMD_WANTS} in udev rules will now implicitly escape
86 the passed argument if applicable.
87
88 Contributions from: Auke Kok, Colin Guthrie, Colin Walters,
89 Cristian Rodríguez, Daniel Buch, Daniel Wallace, Dave Reisner,
90 Evangelos Foutras, Greg Kroah-Hartman, Harald Hoyer, Josh
91 Triplett, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Lukas Nykryn,
92 MUNEDA Takahiro, Mantas Mikulėnas, Mirco Tischler, Nathaniel
93 Chen, Nirbheek Chauhan, Ronny Chevalier, Ross Lagerwall, Tom
94 Gundersen, Umut Tezduyar, Ville Skyttä, Zbigniew
95 Jędrzejewski-Szmek
96
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97CHANGES WITH 202:
98
99 * The output of 'systemctl list-jobs' got some polishing. The
100 '--type=' argument may now be passed more than once. A new
101 command 'systemctl list-sockets' has been added which shows
102 a list of kernel sockets systemd is listening on with the
103 socket units they belong to, plus the units these socket
104 units activate.
105
106 * The experimental libsystemd-bus library got substantial
107 updates to work in conjunction with the (also experimental)
108 kdbus kernel project. It works well enough to exchange
109 messages with some sophistication. Note that kdbus is not
110 ready yet, and the library is mostly an elaborate test case
111 for now, and not installable.
112
113 * systemd gained a new unit 'systemd-static-nodes.service'
114 that generates static device nodes earlier during boot, and
115 can run in conjunction with udev.
116
117 * libsystemd-login gained a new call sd_pid_get_user_unit()
118 to retrieve the user systemd unit a process is running
119 in. This is useful for systems where systemd is used as
120 session manager.
121
122 * systemd-nspawn now places all containers in the new /machine
123 top-level cgroup directory in the name=systemd
124 hierarchy. libvirt will soon do the same, so that we get a
125 uniform separation of /system, /user and /machine for system
126 services, user processes and containers/virtual
127 machines. This new cgroup hierarchy is also useful to stick
128 stable names to specific container instances, which can be
7c04ad2d 129 recognized later this way (this name may be controlled
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130 via systemd-nspawn's new -M switch). libsystemd-login also
131 gained a new call sd_pid_get_machine_name() to retrieve the
132 name of the container/VM a specific process belongs to.
133
134 * bootchart can now store its data in the journal.
135
136 * libsystemd-journal gained a new call
137 sd_journal_add_conjunction() for AND expressions to the
138 matching logic. This can be used to express more complex
139 logical expressions.
140
141 * journactl can now take multiple --unit= and --user-unit=
142 switches.
143
144 * The cryptsetup logic now understands the "luks.key=" kernel
145 command line switch for specifying a file to read the
7c04ad2d 146 decryption key from. Also, if a configured key file is not
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147 found the tool will now automatically fall back to prompting
148 the user.
149
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150 * Python systemd.journal module was updated to wrap recently
151 added functions from libsystemd-journal. The interface was
152 changed to bring the low level interface in s.j._Reader
153 closer to the C API, and the high level interface in
154 s.j.Reader was updated to wrap and convert all data about
155 an entry.
156
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157 Contributions from: Anatol Pomozov, Auke Kok, Harald Hoyer,
158 Henrik Grindal Bakken, Josh Triplett, Kay Sievers, Lennart
159 Poettering, Lukas Nykryn, Mantas Mikulėnas Marius Vollmer,
160 Martin Jansa, Martin Pitt, Michael Biebl, Michal Schmidt,
161 Mirco Tischler, Pali Rohar, Simon Peeters, Steven Hiscocks,
162 Tom Gundersen, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek
163
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164CHANGES WITH 201:
165
166 * journalctl --update-catalog now understands a new --root=
167 option to operate on catalogs found in a different root
168 directory.
169
170 * During shutdown after systemd has terminated all running
171 services a final killing loop kills all remaining left-over
172 processes. We will now print the name of these processes
173 when we send SIGKILL to them, since this usually indicates a
174 problem.
175
176 * If /etc/crypttab refers to password files stored on
177 configured mount points automatic dependencies will now be
178 generated to ensure the specific mount is established first
179 before the key file is attempted to be read.
180
181 * 'systemctl status' will now show information about the
182 network sockets a socket unit is listening on.
183
184 * 'systemctl status' will also shown information about any
185 drop-in configuration file for units. (Drop-In configuration
186 files in this context are files such as
187 /etc/systemd/systemd/foobar.service.d/*.conf)
188
189 * systemd-cgtop now optionally shows summed up CPU times of
190 cgroups. Press '%' while running cgtop to switch between
191 percentage and absolute mode. This is useful to determine
192 which cgroups use up the most CPU time over the entire
193 runtime of the system. systemd-cgtop has also been updated
194 to be 'pipeable' for processing with further shell tools.
195
196 * 'hostnamectl set-hostname' will now allow setting of FQDN
197 hostnames.
198
199 * The formatting and parsing of time span values has been
200 changed. The parser now understands fractional expressions
201 such as "5.5h". The formatter will now output fractional
202 expressions for all time spans under 1min, i.e. "5.123456s"
203 rather than "5s 123ms 456us". For time spans under 1s
204 millisecond values are shown, for those under 1ms
205 microsecond values are shown. This should greatly improve
206 all time-related output of systemd.
207
208 * libsystemd-login and libsystemd-journal gained new
209 functions for querying the poll() events mask and poll()
210 timeout value for integration into arbitrary event
211 loops.
212
213 * localectl gained the ability to list available X11 keymaps
214 (models, layouts, variants, options).
215
216 * 'systemd-analyze dot' gained the ability to filter for
217 specific units via shell-style globs, to create smaller,
218 more useful graphs. I.e. it's now possible to create simple
219 graphs of all the dependencies between only target units, or
220 of all units that Avahi has dependencies with.
221
222 Contributions from: Cristian Rodríguez, Dr. Tilmann Bubeck,
223 Harald Hoyer, Holger Hans Peter Freyther, Kay Sievers, Kelly
224 Anderson, Koen Kooi, Lennart Poettering, Maksim Melnikau,
225 Marc-Antoine Perennou, Marius Vollmer, Martin Pitt, Michal
226 Schmidt, Oleksii Shevchuk, Ronny Chevalier, Simon McVittie,
227 Steven Hiscocks, Thomas Weißschuh, Umut Tezduyar, Václav
228 Pavlín, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek, Łukasz Stelmach
229
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230CHANGES WITH 200:
231
232 * The boot-time readahead implementation for rotating media
233 will now read the read-ahead data in multiple passes which
234 consist of all read requests made in equidistant time
235 intervals. This means instead of strictly reading read-ahead
236 data in its physical order on disk we now try to find a
237 middle ground between physical and access time order.
238
239 * /etc/os-release files gained a new BUILD_ID= field for usage
240 on operating systems that provide continuous builds of OS
241 images.
242
243 Contributions from: Auke Kok, Eelco Dolstra, Kay Sievers,
244 Lennart Poettering, Lukas Nykryn, Martin Pitt, Václav Pavlín
245 William Douglas, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek
246
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247CHANGES WITH 199:
248
249 * systemd-python gained an API exposing libsystemd-daemon.
250
251 * The SMACK setup logic gained support for uploading CIPSO
252 security policy.
253
254 * Behaviour of PrivateTmp=, ReadWriteDirectories=,
255 ReadOnlyDirectories= and InaccessibleDirectories= has
256 changed. The private /tmp and /var/tmp directories are now
257 shared by all processes of a service (which means
258 ExecStartPre= may now leave data in /tmp that ExecStart= of
259 the same service can still access). When a service is
260 stopped its temporary directories are immediately deleted
a87197f5 261 (normal clean-up with tmpfiles is still done in addition to
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262 this though).
263
264 * By default, systemd will now set a couple of sysctl
265 variables in the kernel: the safe sysrq options are turned
266 on, IP route verification is turned on, and source routing
267 disabled. The recently added hardlink and softlink
268 protection of the kernel is turned on. These settings should
269 be reasonably safe, and good defaults for all new systems.
270
271 * The predictable network naming logic may now be turned off
a87197f5 272 with a new kernel command line switch: net.ifnames=0.
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273
274 * A new libsystemd-bus module has been added that implements a
275 pretty complete D-Bus client library. For details see:
276
277 http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/systemd-devel/2013-March/009797.html
278
c20d8298 279 * journald will now explicitly flush the journal files to disk
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280 at the latest 5min after each write. The file will then also
281 be marked offline until the next write. This should increase
282 reliability in case of a crash. The synchronization delay
283 can be configured via SyncIntervalSec= in journald.conf.
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284
285 * There's a new remote-fs-setup.target unit that can be used
286 to pull in specific services when at least one remote file
287 system is to be mounted.
288
289 * There are new targets timers.target and paths.target as
290 canonical targets to pull user timer and path units in
291 from. This complements sockets.target with a similar
292 purpose for socket units.
293
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294 * libudev gained a new call udev_device_set_attribute_value()
295 to set sysfs attributes of a device.
296
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297 * The udev daemon now sets the default number of worker
298 processes executed in parallel based on the number of available
c20d8298 299 CPUs instead of the amount of available RAM. This is supposed
ab06eef8 300 to provide a more reliable default and limit a too aggressive
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301 paralellism for setups with 1000s of devices connected.
302
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303 Contributions from: Auke Kok, Colin Walters, Cristian
304 Rodríguez, Daniel Buch, Dave Reisner, Frederic Crozat, Hannes
305 Reinecke, Harald Hoyer, Jan Alexander Steffens, Jan
306 Engelhardt, Josh Triplett, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering,
307 Mantas Mikulėnas, Martin Pitt, Mathieu Bridon, Michael Biebl,
308 Michal Schmidt, Michal Sekletar, Miklos Vajna, Nathaniel Chen,
309 Oleksii Shevchuk, Ozan Çağlayan, Thomas Hindoe Paaboel
310 Andersen, Tollef Fog Heen, Tom Gundersen, Umut Tezduyar,
311 Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek
312
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313CHANGES WITH 198:
314
315 * Configuration of unit files may now be extended via drop-in
316 files without having to edit/override the unit files
317 themselves. More specifically, if the administrator wants to
318 change one value for a service file foobar.service he can
319 now do so by dropping in a configuration snippet into
ad88e758 320 /etc/systemd/system/foobar.service.d/*.conf. The unit logic
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321 will load all these snippets and apply them on top of the
322 main unit configuration file, possibly extending or
323 overriding its settings. Using these drop-in snippets is
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324 generally nicer than the two earlier options for changing
325 unit files locally: copying the files from
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326 /usr/lib/systemd/system/ to /etc/systemd/system/ and editing
327 them there; or creating a new file in /etc/systemd/system/
328 that incorporates the original one via ".include". Drop-in
329 snippets into these .d/ directories can be placed in any
fd868975 330 directory systemd looks for units in, and the usual
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331 overriding semantics between /usr/lib, /etc and /run apply
332 for them too.
333
334 * Most unit file settings which take lists of items can now be
6aa8d43a 335 reset by assigning the empty string to them. For example,
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336 normally, settings such as Environment=FOO=BAR append a new
337 environment variable assignment to the environment block,
338 each time they are used. By assigning Environment= the empty
339 string the environment block can be reset to empty. This is
340 particularly useful with the .d/*.conf drop-in snippets
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341 mentioned above, since this adds the ability to reset list
342 settings from vendor unit files via these drop-ins.
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343
344 * systemctl gained a new "list-dependencies" command for
345 listing the dependencies of a unit recursively.
346
40e21da8 347 * Inhibitors are now honored and listed by "systemctl
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348 suspend", "systemctl poweroff" (and similar) too, not only
349 GNOME. These commands will also list active sessions by
350 other users.
351
352 * Resource limits (as exposed by the various control group
353 controllers) can now be controlled dynamically at runtime
354 for all units. More specifically, you can now use a command
355 like "systemctl set-cgroup-attr foobar.service cpu.shares
356 2000" to alter the CPU shares a specific service gets. These
6aa8d43a 357 settings are stored persistently on disk, and thus allow the
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358 administrator to easily adjust the resource usage of
359 services with a few simple commands. This dynamic resource
6aa8d43a 360 management logic is also available to other programs via the
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361 bus. Almost any kernel cgroup attribute and controller is
362 supported.
363
364 * systemd-vconsole-setup will now copy all font settings to
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365 all allocated VTs, where it previously applied them only to
366 the foreground VT.
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367
368 * libsystemd-login gained the new sd_session_get_tty() API
369 call.
370
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371 * This release drops support for a few legacy or
372 distribution-specific LSB facility names when parsing init
373 scripts: $x-display-manager, $mail-transfer-agent,
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374 $mail-transport-agent, $mail-transfer-agent, $smtp,
375 $null. Also, the mail-transfer-agent.target unit backing
376 this has been removed. Distributions which want to retain
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377 compatibility with this should carry the burden for
378 supporting this themselves and patch support for these back
379 in, if they really need to. Also, the facilities $syslog and
380 $local_fs are now ignored, since systemd does not support
381 early-boot LSB init scripts anymore, and these facilities
382 are implied anyway for normal services. syslog.target has
383 also been removed.
85d68397 384
40e21da8 385 * There are new bus calls on PID1's Manager object for
6aa8d43a 386 cancelling jobs, and removing snapshot units. Previously,
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387 both calls were only available on the Job and Snapshot
388 objects themselves.
389
390 * systemd-journal-gatewayd gained SSL support.
391
392 * The various "environment" files, such as /etc/locale.conf
393 now support continuation lines with a backslash ("\") as
394 last character in the line, similar in style (but different)
395 to how this is supported in shells.
396
397 * For normal user processes the _SYSTEMD_USER_UNIT= field is
398 now implicitly appended to every log entry logged. systemctl
399 has been updated to filter by this field when operating on a
400 user systemd instance.
401
402 * nspawn will now implicitly add the CAP_AUDIT_WRITE and
403 CAP_AUDIT_CONTROL capabilities to the capabilities set for
404 the container. This makes it easier to boot unmodified
405 Fedora systems in a container, which however still requires
406 audit=0 to be passed on the kernel command line. Auditing in
407 kernel and userspace is unfortunately still too broken in
408 context of containers, hence we recommend compiling it out
409 of the kernel or using audit=0. Hopefully this will be fixed
410 one day for good in the kernel.
411
412 * nspawn gained the new --bind= and --bind-ro= parameters to
413 bind mount specific directories from the host into the
414 container.
415
40e21da8 416 * nspawn will now mount its own devpts file system instance
6aa8d43a 417 into the container, in order not to leak pty devices from
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418 the host into the container.
419
420 * systemd will now read the firmware boot time performance
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421 information from the EFI variables, if the used boot loader
422 supports this, and takes it into account for boot performance
423 analysis via "systemd-analyze". This is currently supported
424 only in conjunction with Gummiboot, but could be supported
425 by other boot loaders too. For details see:
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426
427 http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/BootLoaderInterface
428
429 * A new generator has been added that automatically mounts the
430 EFI System Partition (ESP) to /boot, if that directory
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431 exists, is empty, and no other file system has been
432 configured to be mounted there.
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433
434 * logind will now send out PrepareForSleep(false) out
435 unconditionally, after coming back from suspend. This may be
436 used by applications as asynchronous notification for
437 system resume events.
438
439 * "systemctl unlock-sessions" has been added, that allows
440 unlocking the screens of all user sessions at once, similar
441 how "systemctl lock-sessions" already locked all users
40e21da8 442 sessions. This is backed by a new D-Bus call UnlockSessions().
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443
444 * "loginctl seat-status" will now show the master device of a
445 seat. (i.e. the device of a seat that needs to be around for
446 the seat to be considered available, usually the graphics
447 card).
448
449 * tmpfiles gained a new "X" line type, that allows
450 configuration of files and directories (with wildcards) that
451 shall be excluded from automatic cleanup ("aging").
452
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453 * udev default rules set the device node permissions now only
454 at "add" events, and do not change them any longer with a
455 later "change" event.
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456
457 * The log messages for lid events and power/sleep keypresses
458 now carry a message ID.
459
460 * We now have a substantially larger unit test suite, but this
461 continues to be work in progress.
462
463 * udevadm hwdb gained a new --root= parameter to change the
464 root directory to operate relative to.
465
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466 * logind will now issue a background sync() request to the kernel
467 early at shutdown, so that dirty buffers are flushed to disk early
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468 instead of at the last moment, in order to optimize shutdown
469 times a little.
470
471 * A new bootctl tool has been added that is an interface for
472 certain boot loader operations. This is currently a preview
473 and is likely to be extended into a small mechanism daemon
474 like timedated, localed, hostnamed, and can be used by
475 graphical UIs to enumerate available boot options, and
476 request boot into firmware operations.
477
478 * systemd-bootchart has been relicensed to LGPLv2.1+ to match
479 the rest of the package. It also has been updated to work
480 correctly in initrds.
481
482 * Policykit previously has been runtime optional, and is now
483 also compile time optional via a configure switch.
484
485 * systemd-analyze has been reimplemented in C. Also "systemctl
486 dot" has moved into systemd-analyze.
487
488 * "systemctl status" with no further parameters will now print
489 the status of all active or failed units.
490
491 * Operations such as "systemctl start" can now be executed
492 with a new mode "--irreversible" which may be used to queue
493 operations that cannot accidentally be reversed by a later
6aa8d43a 494 job queuing. This is by default used to make shutdown
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495 requests more robust.
496
497 * The Python API of systemd now gained a new module for
498 reading journal files.
499
500 * A new tool kernel-install has been added that can install
501 kernel images according to the Boot Loader Specification:
502
503 http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Specifications/BootLoaderSpec
504
505 * Boot time console output has been improved to provide
6aa8d43a 506 animated boot time output for hanging jobs.
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507
508 * A new tool systemd-activate has been added which can be used
509 to test socket activation with, directly from the command
510 line. This should make it much easier to test and debug
511 socket activation in daemons.
512
513 * journalctl gained a new "--reverse" (or -r) option to show
514 journal output in reverse order (i.e. newest line first).
515
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516 * journalctl gained a new "--pager-end" (or -e) option to jump
517 to immediately jump to the end of the journal in the
518 pager. This is only supported in conjunction with "less".
519
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520 * journalctl gained a new "--user-unit=" option, that works
521 similar to "--unit=" but filters for user units rather than
522 system units.
523
524 * A number of unit files to ease adoption of systemd in
525 initrds has been added. This moves some minimal logic from
526 the various initrd implementations into systemd proper.
527
528 * The journal files are now owned by a new group
529 "systemd-journal", which exists specifically to allow access
530 to the journal, and nothing else. Previously, we used the
6aa8d43a 531 "adm" group for that, which however possibly covers more
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532 than just journal/log file access. This new group is now
533 already used by systemd-journal-gatewayd to ensure this
534 daemon gets access to the journal files and as little else
535 as possible. Note that "make install" will also set FS ACLs
536 up for /var/log/journal to give "adm" and "wheel" read
537 access to it, in addition to "systemd-journal" which owns
538 the journal files. We recommend that packaging scripts also
6aa8d43a 539 add read access to "adm" + "wheel" to /var/log/journal, and
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540 all existing/future journal files. To normal users and
541 administrators little changes, however packagers need to
542 ensure to create the "systemd-journal" system group at
543 package installation time.
544
545 * The systemd-journal-gatewayd now runs as unprivileged user
546 systemd-journal-gateway:systemd-journal-gateway. Packaging
547 scripts need to create these system user/group at
548 installation time.
549
550 * timedated now exposes a new boolean property CanNTP that
551 indicates whether a local NTP service is available or not.
552
553 * systemd-detect-virt will now also detect xen PVs
554
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555 * The pstore file system is now mounted by default, if it is
556 available.
85d68397 557
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558 * In addition to the SELinux and IMA policies we will now also
559 load SMACK policies at early boot.
560
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561 Contributions from: Adel Gadllah, Aleksander Morgado, Auke
562 Kok, Ayan George, Bastien Nocera, Colin Walters, Daniel Buch,
563 Daniel Wallace, Dave Reisner, David Herrmann, David Strauss,
564 Eelco Dolstra, Enrico Scholz, Frederic Crozat, Harald Hoyer,
565 Jan Janssen, Jonathan Callen, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering,
566 Lukas Nykryn, Mantas Mikulėnas, Marc-Antoine Perennou, Martin
567 Pitt, Mauro Dreissig, Max F. Albrecht, Michael Biebl, Michael
568 Olbrich, Michal Schmidt, Michal Sekletar, Michal Vyskocil,
569 Michał Bartoszkiewicz, Mirco Tischler, Nathaniel Chen, Nestor
570 Ovroy, Oleksii Shevchuk, Paul W. Frields, Piotr Drąg, Rob
571 Clark, Ryan Lortie, Simon McVittie, Simon Peeters, Steven
572 Hiscocks, Thomas Hindoe Paaboel Andersen, Tollef Fog Heen, Tom
573 Gundersen, Umut Tezduyar, William Giokas, Zbigniew
574 Jędrzejewski-Szmek, Zeeshan Ali (Khattak)
575
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576CHANGES WITH 197:
577
578 * Timer units now support calendar time events in addition to
579 monotonic time events. That means you can now trigger a unit
580 based on a calendar time specification such as "Thu,Fri
581 2013-*-1,5 11:12:13" which refers to 11:12:13 of the first
582 or fifth day of any month of the year 2013, given that it is
583 a thursday or friday. This brings timer event support
584 considerably closer to cron's capabilities. For details on
585 the supported calendar time specification language see
586 systemd.time(7).
587
588 * udev now supports a number of different naming policies for
589 network interfaces for predictable names, and a combination
590 of these policies is now the default. Please see this wiki
591 document for details:
592
593 http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/PredictableNetworkInterfaceNames
594
595 * Auke Kok's bootchart implementation has been added to the
596 systemd tree. It's an optional component that can graph the
597 boot in quite some detail. It's one of the best bootchart
598 implementations around and minimal in its code and
599 dependencies.
600
601 * nss-myhostname has been integrated into the systemd source
602 tree. nss-myhostname guarantees that the local hostname
603 always stays resolvable via NSS. It has been a weak
604 requirement of systemd-hostnamed since a long time, and
605 since its code is actually trivial we decided to just
606 include it in systemd's source tree. It can be turned off
607 with a configure switch.
608
609 * The read-ahead logic is now capable of properly detecting
610 whether a btrfs file system is on SSD or rotating media, in
611 order to optimize the read-ahead scheme. Previously, it was
612 only capable of detecting this on traditional file systems
613 such as ext4.
614
615 * In udev, additional device properties are now read from the
616 IAB in addition to the OUI database. Also, Bluetooth company
617 identities are attached to the devices as well.
618
619 * In service files %U may be used as specifier that is
620 replaced by the configured user name of the service.
621
622 * nspawn may now be invoked without a controlling TTY. This
623 makes it suitable for invocation as its own service. This
624 may be used to set up a simple containerized server system
625 using only core OS tools.
626
627 * systemd and nspawn can now accept socket file descriptors
628 when they are started for socket activation. This enables
629 implementation of socket activated nspawn
630 containers. i.e. think about autospawning an entire OS image
631 when the first SSH or HTTP connection is received. We expect
632 that similar functionality will also be added to libvirt-lxc
633 eventually.
634
635 * journalctl will now suppress ANSI color codes when
636 presenting log data.
637
638 * systemctl will no longer show control group information for
639 a unit if a the control group is empty anyway.
640
641 * logind can now automatically suspend/hibernate/shutdown the
642 system on idle.
643
644 * /etc/machine-info and hostnamed now also expose the chassis
645 type of the system. This can be used to determine whether
646 the local system is a laptop, desktop, handset or
647 tablet. This information may either be configured by the
648 user/vendor or is automatically determined from ACPI and DMI
649 information if possible.
650
651 * A number of PolicyKit actions are now bound together with
652 "imply" rules. This should simplify creating UIs because
653 many actions will now authenticate similar ones as well.
654
655 * Unit files learnt a new condition ConditionACPower= which
656 may be used to conditionalize a unit depending on whether an
657 AC power source is connected or not, of whether the system
658 is running on battery power.
659
660 * systemctl gained a new "is-failed" verb that may be used in
661 shell scripts and suchlike to check whether a specific unit
662 is in the "failed" state.
663
664 * The EnvironmentFile= setting in unit files now supports file
665 globbing, and can hence be used to easily read a number of
666 environment files at once.
667
668 * systemd will no longer detect and recognize specific
669 distributions. All distribution-specific #ifdeffery has been
670 removed, systemd is now fully generic and
671 distribution-agnostic. Effectively, not too much is lost as
672 a lot of the code is still accessible via explicit configure
673 switches. However, support for some distribution specific
674 legacy configuration file formats has been dropped. We
675 recommend distributions to simply adopt the configuration
676 files everybody else uses now and convert the old
677 configuration from packaging scripts. Most distributions
678 already did that. If that's not possible or desirable,
679 distributions are welcome to forward port the specific
680 pieces of code locally from the git history.
681
682 * When logging a message about a unit systemd will now always
683 log the unit name in the message meta data.
684
685 * localectl will now also discover system locale data that is
686 not stored in locale archives, but directly unpacked.
687
688 * logind will no longer unconditionally use framebuffer
689 devices as seat masters, i.e. as devices that are required
690 to be existing before a seat is considered preset. Instead,
691 it will now look for all devices that are tagged as
692 "seat-master" in udev. By default framebuffer devices will
693 be marked as such, but depending on local systems other
694 devices might be marked as well. This may be used to
695 integrate graphics cards using closed source drivers (such
696 as NVidia ones) more nicely into logind. Note however, that
697 we recommend using the open source NVidia drivers instead,
698 and no udev rules for the closed-source drivers will be
699 shipped from us upstream.
700
701 Contributions from: Adam Williamson, Alessandro Crismani, Auke
702 Kok, Colin Walters, Daniel Wallace, Dave Reisner, David
703 Herrmann, David Strauss, Dimitrios Apostolou, Eelco Dolstra,
704 Eric Benoit, Giovanni Campagna, Hannes Reinecke, Henrik
705 Grindal Bakken, Hermann Gausterer, Kay Sievers, Lennart
706 Poettering, Lukas Nykryn, Mantas Mikulėnas, Marcel Holtmann,
707 Martin Pitt, Matthew Monaco, Michael Biebl, Michael Terry,
708 Michal Schmidt, Michal Sekletar, Michał Bartoszkiewicz, Oleg
709 Samarin, Pekka Lundstrom, Philip Nilsson, Ramkumar
710 Ramachandra, Richard Yao, Robert Millan, Sami Kerola, Shawn
711 Landden, Thomas Hindoe Paaboel Andersen, Thomas Jarosch,
712 Tollef Fog Heen, Tom Gundersen, Umut Tezduyar, Zbigniew
713 Jędrzejewski-Szmek
714
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715CHANGES WITH 196:
716
717 * udev gained support for loading additional device properties
718 from an indexed database that is keyed by vendor/product IDs
719 and similar device identifiers. For the beginning this
720 "hwdb" is populated with data from the well-known PCI and
721 USB database, but also includes PNP, ACPI and OID data. In
722 the longer run this indexed database shall grow into
723 becoming the one central database for non-essential
724 userspace device metadata. Previously, data from the PCI/USB
96ec33c0 725 database was only attached to select devices, since the
0428ddb7 726 lookup was a relatively expensive operation due to O(n) time
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727 complexity (with n being the number of entries in the
728 database). Since this is now O(1), we decided to add in this
729 data for all devices where this is available, by
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730 default. Note that the indexed database needs to be rebuilt
731 when new data files are installed. To achieve this you need
732 to update your packaging scripts to invoke "udevadm hwdb
733 --update" after installation of hwdb data files. For
734 RPM-based distributions we introduced the new
735 %udev_hwdb_update macro for this purpose.
736
737 * The Journal gained support for the "Message Catalog", an
738 indexed database to link up additional information with
739 journal entries. For further details please check:
740
741 http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/catalog
742
743 The indexed message catalog database also needs to be
744 rebuilt after installation of message catalog files. Use
745 "journalctl --update-catalog" for this. For RPM-based
746 distributions we introduced the %journal_catalog_update
747 macro for this purpose.
748
749 * The Python Journal bindings gained support for the standard
750 Python logging framework.
751
752 * The Journal API gained new functions for checking whether
753 the underlying file system of a journal file is capable of
754 properly reporting file change notifications, or whether
755 applications that want to reflect journal changes "live"
ab06eef8 756 need to recheck journal files continuously in appropriate
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757 time intervals.
758
759 * It is now possible to set the "age" field for tmpfiles
760 entries to 0, indicating that files matching this entry
761 shall always be removed when the directories are cleaned up.
762
763 * coredumpctl gained a new "gdb" verb which invokes gdb
764 right-away on the selected coredump.
765
766 * There's now support for "hybrid sleep" on kernels that
767 support this, in addition to "suspend" and "hibernate". Use
768 "systemctl hybrid-sleep" to make use of this.
769
770 * logind's HandleSuspendKey= setting (and related settings)
771 now gained support for a new "lock" setting to simply
772 request the screen lock on all local sessions, instead of
773 actually executing a suspend or hibernation.
774
775 * systemd will now mount the EFI variables file system by
776 default.
777
778 * Socket units now gained support for configuration of the
779 SMACK security label.
780
781 * timedatectl will now output the time of the last and next
782 daylight saving change.
783
784 * We dropped support for various legacy and distro-specific
785 concepts, such as insserv, early-boot SysV services
786 (i.e. those for non-standard runlevels such as 'b' or 'S')
787 or ArchLinux /etc/rc.conf support. We recommend the
788 distributions who still need support this to either continue
789 to maintain the necessary patches downstream, or find a
790 different solution. (Talk to us if you have questions!)
791
792 * Various systemd components will now bypass PolicyKit checks
793 for root and otherwise handle properly if PolicyKit is not
794 found to be around. This should fix most issues for
795 PolicyKit-less systems. Quite frankly this should have been
796 this way since day one. It is absolutely our intention to
797 make systemd work fine on PolicyKit-less systems, and we
798 consider it a bug if something doesn't work as it should if
799 PolicyKit is not around.
800
801 * For embedded systems it is now possible to build udev and
802 systemd without blkid and/or kmod support.
803
804 * "systemctl switch-root" is now capable of switching root
805 more than once. I.e. in addition to transitions from the
806 initrd to the host OS it is now possible to transition to
807 further OS images from the host. This is useful to implement
808 offline updating tools.
809
810 * Various other additions have been made to the RPM macros
811 shipped with systemd. Use %udev_rules_update() after
812 installing new udev rules files. %_udevhwdbdir,
813 %_udevrulesdir, %_journalcatalogdir, %_tmpfilesdir,
814 %_sysctldir are now available which resolve to the right
815 directories for packages to place various data files in.
816
817 * journalctl gained the new --full switch (in addition to
818 --all, to disable ellipsation for long messages.
819
820 Contributions from: Anders Olofsson, Auke Kok, Ben Boeckel,
821 Colin Walters, Cosimo Cecchi, Daniel Wallace, Dave Reisner,
822 Eelco Dolstra, Holger Hans Peter Freyther, Kay Sievers,
823 Chun-Yi Lee, Lekensteyn, Lennart Poettering, Mantas Mikulėnas,
824 Marti Raudsepp, Martin Pitt, Mauro Dreissig, Michael Biebl,
825 Michal Schmidt, Michal Sekletar, Miklos Vajna, Nis Martensen,
826 Oleksii Shevchuk, Olivier Brunel, Ramkumar Ramachandra, Thomas
827 Bächler, Thomas Hindoe Paaboel Andersen, Tom Gundersen, Tony
828 Camuso, Umut Tezduyar, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek
829
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830CHANGES WITH 195:
831
6827101a 832 * journalctl gained new --since= and --until= switches to
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833 filter by time. It also now supports nice filtering for
834 units via --unit=/-u.
835
6827101a 836 * Type=oneshot services may use ExecReload= and do the
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837 right thing.
838
839 * The journal daemon now supports time-based rotation and
840 vacuuming, in addition to the usual disk-space based
841 rotation.
842
843 * The journal will now index the available field values for
844 each field name. This enables clients to show pretty drop
845 downs of available match values when filtering. The bash
846 completion of journalctl has been updated
847 accordingly. journalctl gained a new switch -F to list all
848 values a certain field takes in the journal database.
849
850 * More service events are now written as structured messages
851 to the journal, and made recognizable via message IDs.
852
853 * The timedated, localed and hostnamed mini-services which
854 previously only provided support for changing time, locale
855 and hostname settings from graphical DEs such as GNOME now
856 also have a minimal (but very useful) text-based client
857 utility each. This is probably the nicest way to changing
858 these settings from the command line now, especially since
859 it lists available options and is fully integrated with bash
860 completion.
861
862 * There's now a new tool "systemd-coredumpctl" to list and
863 extract coredumps from the journal.
864
865 * We now install a README each in /var/log/ and
866 /etc/rc.d/init.d explaining where the system logs and init
867 scripts went. This hopefully should help folks who go to
868 that dirs and look into the otherwise now empty void and
869 scratch their heads.
870
871 * When user-services are invoked (by systemd --user) the
872 $MANAGERPID env var is set to the PID of systemd.
873
874 * SIGRTMIN+24 when sent to a --user instance will now result
875 in immediate termination of systemd.
876
877 * gatewayd received numerous feature additions such as a
878 "follow" mode, for live syncing and filtering.
879
880 * browse.html now allows filtering and showing detailed
881 information on specific entries. Keyboard navigation and
882 mouse screen support has been added.
883
884 * gatewayd/journalctl now supports HTML5/JSON
885 Server-Sent-Events as output.
886
1cb88f2c 887 * The SysV init script compatibility logic will now
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888 heuristically determine whether a script supports the
889 "reload" verb, and only then make this available as
890 "systemctl reload".
891
15f47220 892 * "systemctl status --follow" has been removed, use "journalctl
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893 -u" instead.
894
895 * journald.conf's RuntimeMinSize=, PersistentMinSize= settings
896 have been removed since they are hardly useful to be
897 configured.
898
899 * And I'd like to take the opportunity to specifically mention
900 Zbigniew for his great contributions. Zbigniew, you rock!
901
902 Contributions from: Andrew Eikum, Christian Hesse, Colin
903 Guthrie, Daniel J Walsh, Dave Reisner, Eelco Dolstra, Ferenc
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904 Wágner, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Lukas Nykryn, Mantas
905 Mikulėnas, Martin Mikkelsen, Martin Pitt, Michael Olbrich,
906 Michael Stapelberg, Michal Schmidt, Sebastian Ott, Thomas
907 Bächler, Umut Tezduyar, Will Woods, Wulf C. Krueger, Zbigniew
908 Jędrzejewski-Szmek, Сковорода Никита Андреевич
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910CHANGES WITH 194:
911
912 * If /etc/vconsole.conf is non-existent or empty we will no
913 longer load any console font or key map at boot by
914 default. Instead the kernel defaults will be left
915 intact. This is definitely the right thing to do, as no
916 configuration should mean no configuration, and hard-coding
917 font names that are different on all archs is probably a bad
918 idea. Also, the kernel default key map and font should be
919 good enough for most cases anyway, and mostly identical to
920 the userspace fonts/key maps we previously overloaded them
921 with. If distributions want to continue to default to a
922 non-kernel font or key map they should ship a default
923 /etc/vconsole.conf with the appropriate contents.
924
925 Contributions from: Colin Walters, Daniel J Walsh, Dave
926 Reisner, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Lukas Nykryn, Tollef
927 Fog Heen, Tom Gundersen, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek
928
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929CHANGES WITH 193:
930
931 * journalctl gained a new --cursor= switch to show entries
932 starting from the specified location in the journal.
933
934 * We now enforce a size limit on journal entry fields exported
935 with "-o json" in journalctl. Fields larger than 4K will be
936 assigned null. This can be turned off with --all.
937
938 * An (optional) journal gateway daemon is now available as
939 "systemd-journal-gatewayd.service". This service provides
940 access to the journal via HTTP and JSON. This functionality
941 will be used to implement live log synchronization in both
942 pull and push modes, but has various other users too, such
943 as easy log access for debugging of embedded devices. Right
944 now it is already useful to retrieve the journal via HTTP:
945
946 # systemctl start systemd-journal-gatewayd.service
947 # wget http://localhost:19531/entries
948
949 This will download the journal contents in a
950 /var/log/messages compatible format. The same as JSON:
951
952 # curl -H"Accept: application/json" http://localhost:19531/entries
953
954 This service is also accessible via a web browser where a
955 single static HTML5 app is served that uses the JSON logic
956 to enable the user to do some basic browsing of the
957 journal. This will be extended later on. Here's an example
958 screenshot of this app in its current state:
959
960 http://0pointer.de/public/journal-gatewayd
961
962 Contributions from: Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Robert
963 Milasan, Tom Gundersen
964
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965CHANGES WITH 192:
966
967 * The bash completion logic is now available for journalctl
968 too.
969
970 * We don't mount the "cpuset" controller anymore together with
971 "cpu" and "cpuacct", as "cpuset" groups generally cannot be
972 started if no parameters are assigned to it. "cpuset" hence
973 broke code that assumed it it could create "cpu" groups and
974 just start them.
975
976 * journalctl -f will now subscribe to terminal size changes,
977 and line break accordingly.
978
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979 Contributions from: Dave Reisner, Kay Sievers, Lennart
980 Poettering, Lukas Nykrynm, Mirco Tischler, Václav Pavlín
075d4ecb 981
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982CHANGES WITH 191:
983
984 * nspawn will now create a symlink /etc/localtime in the
985 container environment, copying the host's timezone
986 setting. Previously this has been done via a bind mount, but
987 since symlinks cannot be bind mounted this has now been
988 changed to create/update the appropriate symlink.
989
990 * journalctl -n's line number argument is now optional, and
991 will default to 10 if omitted.
992
993 * journald will now log the maximum size the journal files may
994 take up on disk. This is particularly useful if the default
995 built-in logic of determining this parameter from the file
996 system size is used. Use "systemctl status
6563b535 997 systemd-journald.service" to see this information.
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998
999 * The multi-seat X wrapper tool has been stripped down. As X
1000 is now capable of enumerating graphics devices via udev in a
1001 seat-aware way the wrapper is not strictly necessary
1002 anymore. A stripped down temporary stop-gap is still shipped
1003 until the upstream display managers have been updated to
1004 fully support the new X logic. Expect this wrapper to be
6563b535 1005 removed entirely in one of the next releases.
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1006
1007 * HandleSleepKey= in logind.conf has been split up into
1008 HandleSuspendKey= and HandleHibernateKey=. The old setting
6563b535 1009 is not available anymore. X11 and the kernel are
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1010 distuingishing between these keys and we should too. This
1011 also means the inhibition lock for these keys has been split
1012 into two.
1013
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1014 Contributions from: Dave Airlie, Eelco Dolstra, Lennart
1015 Poettering, Lukas Nykryn, Václav Pavlín
b6a86739 1016
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1017CHANGES WITH 190:
1018
1019 * Whenever a unit changes state we'll now log this to the
1020 journal and show along the unit's own log output in
1021 "systemctl status".
1022
1023 * ConditionPathIsMountPoint= can now properly detect bind
1024 mount points too. (Previously, a bind mount of one file
8d0256b7 1025 system to another place in the same file system could not be
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1026 detected as mount, since they shared struct stat's st_dev
1027 field.)
1028
1029 * We will now mount the cgroup controllers cpu, cpuacct,
1030 cpuset and the controllers net_cls, net_prio together by
1031 default.
1032
1033 * nspawn containers will now have a virtualized boot
1034 ID. (i.e. /proc/sys/kernel/random/boot_id is now mounted
1035 over with a randomized ID at container initialization). This
1036 has the effect of making "journalctl -b" do the right thing
1037 in a container.
1038
1039 * The JSON output journal serialization has been updated not
1040 to generate "endless" list objects anymore, but rather one
1041 JSON object per line. This is more in line how most JSON
1042 parsers expect JSON objects. The new output mode
1043 "json-pretty" has been added to provide similar output, but
1044 neatly aligned for readability by humans.
1045
1046 * We dropped all explicit sync() invocations in the shutdown
1047 code. The kernel does this implicitly anyway in the kernel
1048 reboot() syscall. halt(8)'s -n option is now a compatibility
1049 no-op.
1050
1051 * We now support virtualized reboot() in containers, as
1052 supported by newer kernels. We will fall back to exit() if
1053 CAP_SYS_REBOOT is not available to the container. Also,
1054 nspawn makes use of this now and will actually reboot the
1055 container if the containerized OS asks for that.
1056
1057 * journalctl will only show local log output by default
1058 now. Use --merge (-m) to show remote log output, too.
1059
1060 * libsystemd-journal gained the new sd_journal_get_usage()
1061 call to determine the current disk usage of all journal
1062 files. This is exposed in the new "journalctl --disk-usage"
1063 command.
1064
1065 * journald gained a new configuration setting SplitMode= in
1066 journald.conf which may be used to control how user journals
1067 are split off. See journald.conf(5) for details.
1068
1069 * A new condition type ConditionFileNotEmpty= has been added.
1070
1071 * tmpfiles' "w" lines now support file globbing, to write
1072 multiple files at once.
1073
1074 * We added Python bindings for the journal submission
1075 APIs. More Python APIs for a number of selected APIs will
1076 likely follow. Note that we intend to add native bindings
1077 only for the Python language, as we consider it common
1078 enough to deserve bindings shipped within systemd. There are
1079 various projects outside of systemd that provide bindings
1080 for languages such as PHP or Lua.
1081
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1082 * Many conditions will now resolve specifiers such as %i. In
1083 addition, PathChanged= and related directives of .path units
1084 now support specifiers as well.
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1085
1086 * There's now a new RPM macro definition for the system preset
1087 dir: %_presetdir.
1088
ab06eef8 1089 * journald will now warn if it can't forward a message to the
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1090 syslog daemon because it's socket is full.
1091
1092 * timedated will no longer write or process /etc/timezone,
1093 except on Debian. As we do not support late mounted /usr
1094 anymore /etc/localtime always being a symlink is now safe,
1095 and hence the information in /etc/timezone is not necessary
1096 anymore.
1097
aaccc32c 1098 * logind will now always reserve one VT for a text getty (VT6
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1099 by default). Previously if more than 6 X sessions where
1100 started they took up all the VTs with auto-spawned gettys,
1101 so that no text gettys were available anymore.
1102
1103 * udev will now automatically inform the btrfs kernel logic
1104 about btrfs RAID components showing up. This should make
1105 simple hotplug based btrfs RAID assembly work.
1106
1107 * PID 1 will now increase its RLIMIT_NOFILE to 64K by default
1108 (but not for its children which will stay at the kernel
1109 default). This should allow setups with a lot more listening
1110 sockets.
1111
1112 * systemd will now always pass the configured timezone to the
1113 kernel at boot. timedated will do the same when the timezone
1114 is changed.
1115
1116 * logind's inhibition logic has been updated. By default,
1117 logind will now handle the lid switch, the power and sleep
1118 keys all the time, even in graphical sessions. If DEs want
1119 to handle these events on their own they should take the new
1120 handle-power-key, handle-sleep-key and handle-lid-switch
1121 inhibitors during their runtime. A simple way to achiveve
1122 that is to invoke the DE wrapped in an invocation of:
1123
1124 systemd-inhibit --what=handle-power-key:handle-sleep-key:handle-lid-switch ...
1125
1126 * Access to unit operations is now checked via SELinux taking
1127 the unit file label and client process label into account.
1128
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1129 * systemd will now notify the administrator in the journal
1130 when he over-mounts a non-empty directory.
1131
1132 * There are new specifiers that are resolved in unit files,
1133 for the host name (%H), the machine ID (%m) and the boot ID
1134 (%b).
1135
b6a86739 1136 Contributions from: Allin Cottrell, Auke Kok, Brandon Philips,
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1137 Colin Guthrie, Colin Walters, Daniel J Walsh, Dave Reisner,
1138 Eelco Dolstra, Jan Engelhardt, Kay Sievers, Lennart
1139 Poettering, Lucas De Marchi, Lukas Nykryn, Mantas Mikulėnas,
1140 Martin Pitt, Matthias Clasen, Michael Olbrich, Pierre Schmitz,
1141 Shawn Landden, Thomas Hindoe Paaboel Andersen, Tom Gundersen,
1142 Václav Pavlín, Yin Kangkai, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek
1143
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1144CHANGES WITH 189:
1145
1146 * Support for reading structured kernel messages from
1147 /dev/kmsg has now been added and is enabled by default.
1148
1149 * Support for reading kernel messages from /proc/kmsg has now
1150 been removed. If you want kernel messages in the journal
1151 make sure to run a recent kernel (>= 3.5) that supports
1152 reading structured messages from /dev/kmsg (see
1153 above). /proc/kmsg is now exclusive property of classic
1154 syslog daemons again.
1155
1156 * The libudev API gained the new
1157 udev_device_new_from_device_id() call.
1158
1159 * The logic for file system namespace (ReadOnlyDirectory=,
1160 ReadWriteDirectoy=, PrivateTmp=) has been reworked not to
1161 require pivot_root() anymore. This means fewer temporary
1162 directories are created below /tmp for this feature.
1163
1164 * nspawn containers will now see and receive all submounts
1165 made on the host OS below the root file system of the
1166 container.
1167
1168 * Forward Secure Sealing is now supported for Journal files,
1169 which provide cryptographical sealing of journal files so
1170 that attackers cannot alter log history anymore without this
1171 being detectable. Lennart will soon post a blog story about
1172 this explaining it in more detail.
1173
1174 * There are two new service settings RestartPreventExitStatus=
1175 and SuccessExitStatus= which allow configuration of exit
1176 status (exit code or signal) which will be excepted from the
1177 restart logic, resp. consider successful.
1178
1179 * journalctl gained the new --verify switch that can be used
1180 to check the integrity of the structure of journal files and
1181 (if Forward Secure Sealing is enabled) the contents of
1182 journal files.
1183
1184 * nspawn containers will now be run with /dev/stdin, /dev/fd/
1185 and similar symlinks pre-created. This makes running shells
1186 as container init process a lot more fun.
1187
1188 * The fstab support can now handle PARTUUID= and PARTLABEL=
1189 entries.
1190
1191 * A new ConditionHost= condition has been added to match
1192 against the hostname (with globs) and machine ID. This is
1193 useful for clusters where a single OS image is used to
1194 provision a large number of hosts which shall run slightly
1195 different sets of services.
1196
1197 * Services which hit the restart limit will now be placed in a
1198 failure state.
1199
b6a86739 1200 Contributions from: Bertram Poettering, Dave Reisner, Huang
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1201 Hang, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Lukas Nykryn, Martin
1202 Pitt, Simon Peeters, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek
1203
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1204CHANGES WITH 188:
1205
1206 * When running in --user mode systemd will now become a
1207 subreaper (PR_SET_CHILD_SUBREAPER). This should make the ps
1208 tree a lot more organized.
1209
1210 * A new PartOf= unit dependency type has been introduced that
1211 may be used to group services in a natural way.
1212
1213 * "systemctl enable" may now be used to enable instances of
1214 services.
1215
1216 * journalctl now prints error log levels in red, and
1217 warning/notice log levels in bright white. It also supports
1218 filtering by log level now.
1219
1220 * cgtop gained a new -n switch (similar to top), to configure
1221 the maximum number of iterations to run for. It also gained
1222 -b, to run in batch mode (accepting no input).
1223
ab06eef8 1224 * The suffix ".service" may now be omitted on most systemctl
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1225 command lines involving service unit names.
1226
1227 * There's a new bus call in logind to lock all sessions, as
1228 well as a loginctl verb for it "lock-sessions".
1229
1230 * libsystemd-logind.so gained a new call sd_journal_perror()
1231 that works similar to libc perror() but logs to the journal
1232 and encodes structured information about the error number.
1233
1234 * /etc/crypttab entries now understand the new keyfile-size=
1235 option.
1236
1237 * shutdown(8) now can send a (configurable) wall message when
1238 a shutdown is cancelled.
1239
1240 * The mount propagation mode for the root file system will now
1241 default to "shared", which is useful to make containers work
1242 nicely out-of-the-box so that they receive new mounts from
1243 the host. This can be undone locally by running "mount
1244 --make-rprivate /" if needed.
1245
1246 * The prefdm.service file has been removed. Distributions
1247 should maintain this unit downstream if they intend to keep
1248 it around. However, we recommend writing normal unit files
1249 for display managers instead.
1250
1251 * Since systemd is a crucial part of the OS we will now
1252 default to a number of compiler switches that improve
1253 security (hardening) such as read-only relocations, stack
1254 protection, and suchlike.
1255
1256 * The TimeoutSec= setting for services is now split into
1257 TimeoutStartSec= and TimeoutStopSec= to allow configuration
1258 of individual time outs for the start and the stop phase of
1259 the service.
1260
1261 Contributions from: Artur Zaprzala, Arvydas Sidorenko, Auke
1262 Kok, Bryan Kadzban, Dave Reisner, David Strauss, Harald Hoyer,
1263 Jim Meyering, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Mantas
1264 Mikulėnas, Martin Pitt, Michal Schmidt, Michal Sekletar, Peter
1265 Alfredsen, Shawn Landden, Simon Peeters, Terence Honles, Tom
1266 Gundersen, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek
1267
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1269
1270 * The journal and id128 C APIs are now fully documented as man
1271 pages.
1272
1273 * Extra safety checks have been added when transitioning from
1274 the initial RAM disk to the main system to avoid accidental
1275 data loss.
1276
c269cec3 1277 * /etc/crypttab entries now understand the new keyfile-offset=
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1278 option.
1279
1280 * systemctl -t can now be used to filter by unit load state.
1281
1282 * The journal C API gained the new sd_journal_wait() call to
1283 make writing synchronous journal clients easier.
1284
1285 * journalctl gained the new -D switch to show journals from a
1286 specific directory.
1287
1288 * journalctl now displays a special marker between log
1289 messages of two different boots.
1290
1291 * The journal is now explicitly flushed to /var via a service
1292 systemd-journal-flush.service, rather than implicitly simply
1293 by seeing /var/log/journal to be writable.
1294
1295 * journalctl (and the journal C APIs) can now match for much
1296 more complex expressions, with alternatives and
1297 disjunctions.
1298
1299 * When transitioning from the initial RAM disk to the main
1300 system we will now kill all processes in a killing spree to
1301 ensure no processes stay around by accident.
1302
1303 * Three new specifiers may be used in unit files: %u, %h, %s
1304 resolve to the user name, user home directory resp. user
1305 shell. This is useful for running systemd user instances.
1306
1307 * We now automatically rotate journal files if their data
1308 object hash table gets a fill level > 75%. We also size the
1309 hash table based on the configured maximum file size. This
1310 together should lower hash collisions drastically and thus
1311 speed things up a bit.
1312
1313 * journalctl gained the new "--header" switch to introspect
1314 header data of journal files.
1315
1316 * A new setting SystemCallFilters= has been added to services
1317 which may be used to apply blacklists or whitelists to
1318 system calls. This is based on SECCOMP Mode 2 of Linux 3.5.
1319
1320 * nspawn gained a new --link-journal= switch (and quicker: -j)
1321 to link the container journal with the host. This makes it
1322 very easy to centralize log viewing on the host for all
1323 guests while still keeping the journal files separated.
1324
1325 * Many bugfixes and optimizations
1326
1327 Contributions from: Auke Kok, Eelco Dolstra, Harald Hoyer, Kay
1328 Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Malte Starostik, Paul Menzel, Rex
1329 Tsai, Shawn Landden, Tom Gundersen, Ville Skyttä, Zbigniew
1330 Jędrzejewski-Szmek
1331
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1332CHANGES WITH 186:
1333
1334 * Several tools now understand kernel command line arguments,
1335 which are only read when run in an initial RAM disk. They
1336 usually follow closely their normal counterparts, but are
1337 prefixed with rd.
1338
1339 * There's a new tool to analyze the readahead files that are
1340 automatically generated at boot. Use:
1341
1342 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-readahead analyze /.readahead
1343
1344 * We now provide an early debug shell on tty9 if this enabled. Use:
1345
d1f9edaf 1346 systemctl enable debug-shell.service
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1347
1348 * All plymouth related units have been moved into the Plymouth
1349 package. Please make sure to upgrade your Plymouth version
1350 as well.
1351
1352 * systemd-tmpfiles now supports getting passed the basename of
1353 a configuration file only, in which case it will look for it
1354 in all appropriate directories automatically.
1355
1356 * udevadm info now takes a /dev or /sys path as argument, and
1357 does the right thing. Example:
1358
1359 udevadm info /dev/sda
1360 udevadm info /sys/class/block/sda
1361
1362 * systemctl now prints a warning if a unit is stopped but a
1363 unit that might trigger it continues to run. Example: a
1364 service is stopped but the socket that activates it is left
1365 running.
1366
1367 * "systemctl status" will now mention if the log output was
1368 shortened due to rotation since a service has been started.
1369
1370 * The journal API now exposes functions to determine the
1371 "cutoff" times due to rotation.
1372
1373 * journald now understands SIGUSR1 and SIGUSR2 for triggering
1374 immediately flushing of runtime logs to /var if possible,
1375 resp. for triggering immediate rotation of the journal
1376 files.
1377
1378 * It is now considered an error if a service is attempted to
1379 be stopped that is not loaded.
1380
1381 * XDG_RUNTIME_DIR now uses numeric UIDs instead of usernames.
1382
1383 * systemd-analyze now supports Python 3
1384
1385 * tmpfiles now supports cleaning up directories via aging
1386 where the first level dirs are always kept around but
1387 directories beneath it automatically aged. This is enabled
1388 by prefixing the age field with '~'.
1389
1390 * Seat objects now expose CanGraphical, CanTTY properties
1391 which is required to deal with very fast bootups where the
1392 display manager might be running before the graphics drivers
1393 completed initialization.
1394
1395 * Seat objects now expose a State property.
1396
1397 * We now include RPM macros for service enabling/disabling
1398 based on the preset logic. We recommend RPM based
1399 distributions to make use of these macros if possible. This
1400 makes it simpler to reuse RPM spec files across
1401 distributions.
1402
1403 * We now make sure that the collected systemd unit name is
1404 always valid when services log to the journal via
1405 STDOUT/STDERR.
1406
1407 * There's a new man page kernel-command-line(7) detailing all
1408 command line options we understand.
1409
1410 * The fstab generator may now be disabled at boot by passing
1411 fstab=0 on the kernel command line.
1412
91ac7425 1413 * A new kernel command line option modules-load= is now understood
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1414 to load a specific kernel module statically, early at boot.
1415
1416 * Unit names specified on the systemctl command line are now
1417 automatically escaped as needed. Also, if file system or
1418 device paths are specified they are automatically turned
1419 into the appropriate mount or device unit names. Example:
1420
1421 systemctl status /home
1422 systemctl status /dev/sda
1423
1424 * The SysVConsole= configuration option has been removed from
1425 system.conf parsing.
1426
1427 * The SysV search path is no longer exported on the D-Bus
1428 Manager object.
1429
1430 * The Names= option is been removed from unit file parsing.
1431
1432 * There's a new man page bootup(7) detailing the boot process.
1433
1434 * Every unit and every generator we ship with systemd now
1435 comes with full documentation. The self-explanatory boot is
1436 complete.
1437
1438 * A couple of services gained "systemd-" prefixes in their
1439 name if they wrap systemd code, rather than only external
1440 code. Among them fsck@.service which is now
1441 systemd-fsck@.service.
1442
1443 * The HaveWatchdog property has been removed from the D-Bus
1444 Manager object.
1445
1446 * systemd.confirm_spawn= on the kernel command line should now
1447 work sensibly.
1448
1449 * There's a new man page crypttab(5) which details all options
1450 we actually understand.
1451
1452 * systemd-nspawn gained a new --capability= switch to pass
1453 additional capabilities to the container.
1454
1455 * timedated will now read known NTP implementation unit names
5b00c016 1456 from /usr/lib/systemd/ntp-units.d/*.list,
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1457 systemd-timedated-ntp.target has been removed.
1458
1459 * journalctl gained a new switch "-b" that lists log data of
1460 the current boot only.
1461
1462 * The notify socket is in the abstract namespace again, in
1463 order to support daemons which chroot() at start-up.
1464
1465 * There is a new Storage= configuration option for journald
1466 which allows configuration of where log data should go. This
1467 also provides a way to disable journal logging entirely, so
1468 that data collected is only forwarded to the console, the
1469 kernel log buffer or another syslog implementation.
1470
c4f1b862 1471 * Many bugfixes and optimizations
b5b4c94a 1472
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1473 Contributions from: Auke Kok, Colin Guthrie, Dave Reisner,
1474 David Strauss, Eelco Dolstra, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering,
1475 Lukas Nykryn, Michal Schmidt, Michal Sekletar, Paul Menzel,
1476 Shawn Landden, Tom Gundersen
b5b4c94a 1477
2d197285 1478CHANGES WITH 185:
b6a86739 1479
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1480 * "systemctl help <unit>" now shows the man page if one is
1481 available.
1482
1483 * Several new man pages have been added.
1484
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1485 * MaxLevelStore=, MaxLevelSyslog=, MaxLevelKMsg=,
1486 MaxLevelConsole= can now be specified in
1487 journald.conf. These options allow reducing the amount of
1488 data stored on disk or forwarded by the log level.
2d197285 1489
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1490 * TimerSlackNSec= can now be specified in system.conf for
1491 PID1. This allows system-wide power savings.
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1492
1493 Contributions from: Dave Reisner, Kay Sievers, Lauri Kasanen,
1494 Lennart Poettering, Malte Starostik, Marc-Antoine Perennou,
1495 Matthias Clasen
1496
4c8cd173 1497CHANGES WITH 184:
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1499 * logind is now capable of (optionally) handling power and
1500 sleep keys as well as the lid switch.
1501
1502 * journalctl now understands the syntax "journalctl
1503 /usr/bin/avahi-daemon" to get all log output of a specific
1504 daemon.
1505
1506 * CapabilityBoundingSet= in system.conf now also influences
1507 the capability bound set of usermode helpers of the kernel.
1508
1509 Contributions from: Daniel Drake, Daniel J. Walsh, Gert
1510 Michael Kulyk, Harald Hoyer, Jean Delvare, Kay Sievers,
1511 Lennart Poettering, Matthew Garrett, Matthias Clasen, Paul
1512 Menzel, Shawn Landden, Tero Roponen, Tom Gundersen
1513
ea5943d3 1514CHANGES WITH 183:
b6a86739 1515
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1516 * Note that we skipped 139 releases here in order to set the
1517 new version to something that is greater than both udev's
1518 and systemd's most recent version number.
1519
194bbe33
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1520 * udev: all udev sources are merged into the systemd source tree now.
1521 All future udev development will happen in the systemd tree. It
1522 is still fully supported to use the udev daemon and tools without
1523 systemd running, like in initramfs or other init systems. Building
1524 udev though, will require the *build* of the systemd tree, but
ea5943d3 1525 udev can be properly *run* without systemd.
07cd4fc1 1526
91cf7e5c 1527 * udev: /lib/udev/devices/ are not read anymore; systemd-tmpfiles
f13b388f
KS
1528 should be used to create dead device nodes as workarounds for broken
1529 subsystems.
64661ee7 1530
2d13da88
KS
1531 * udev: RUN+="socket:..." and udev_monitor_new_from_socket() is
1532 no longer supported. udev_monitor_new_from_netlink() needs to be
1533 used to subscribe to events.
1534
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1535 * udev: when udevd is started by systemd, processes which are left
1536 behind by forking them off of udev rules, are unconditionally cleaned
1537 up and killed now after the event handling has finished. Services or
1538 daemons must be started as systemd services. Services can be
ea5943d3 1539 pulled-in by udev to get started, but they can no longer be directly
194bbe33
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1540 forked by udev rules.
1541
f13b388f
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1542 * udev: the daemon binary is called systemd-udevd now and installed
1543 in /usr/lib/systemd/. Standalone builds or non-systemd systems need
1544 to adapt to that, create symlink, or rename the binary after building
1545 it.
1546
ea5943d3 1547 * libudev no longer provides these symbols:
c1959569
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1548 udev_monitor_from_socket()
1549 udev_queue_get_failed_list_entry()
1550 udev_get_{dev,sys,run}_path()
ea5943d3 1551 The versions number was bumped and symbol versioning introduced.
c1959569 1552
ea5943d3 1553 * systemd-loginctl and systemd-journalctl have been renamed
9ae9afce 1554 to loginctl and journalctl to match systemctl.
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1555
1556 * The config files: /etc/systemd/systemd-logind.conf and
1557 /etc/systemd/systemd-journald.conf have been renamed to
1558 logind.conf and journald.conf. Package updates should rename
1559 the files to the new names on upgrade.
1560
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1561 * For almost all files the license is now LGPL2.1+, changed
1562 from the previous GPL2.0+. Exceptions are some minor stuff
1563 of udev (which will be changed to LGPL2.1 eventually, too),
1564 and the MIT licensed sd-daemon.[ch] library that is suitable
1565 to be used as drop-in files.
1566
1567 * systemd and logind now handle system sleep states, in
49f43d5f 1568 particular suspending and hibernating.
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1569
1570 * logind now implements a sleep/shutdown/idle inhibiting logic
1571 suitable for a variety of uses. Soonishly Lennart will blog
1572 about this in more detail.
1573
1574 * var-run.mount and var-lock.mount are no longer provided
1575 (which prevously bind mounted these directories to their new
1576 places). Distributions which have not converted these
1577 directories to symlinks should consider stealing these files
1578 from git history and add them downstream.
1579
1580 * We introduced the Documentation= field for units and added
1581 this to all our shipped units. This is useful to make it
3943231c 1582 easier to explore the boot and the purpose of the various
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1583 units.
1584
1585 * All smaller setup units (such as
1586 systemd-vconsole-setup.service) now detect properly if they
1587 are run in a container and are skipped when
1588 appropriate. This guarantees an entirely noise-free boot in
1589 Linux container environments such as systemd-nspawn.
1590
1591 * A framework for implementing offline system updates is now
1592 integrated, for details see:
1593 http://freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/SystemUpdates
1594
1595 * A new service type Type=idle is available now which helps us
1596 avoiding ugly interleaving of getty output and boot status
1597 messages.
1598
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1599 * There's now a system-wide CapabilityBoundingSet= option to
1600 globally reduce the set of capabilities for the
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1601 system. This is useful to drop CAP_SYS_MKNOD, CAP_SYS_RAWIO,
1602 CAP_NET_RAW, CAP_SYS_MODULE, CAP_SYS_TIME, CAP_SYS_PTRACE or
1603 even CAP_NET_ADMIN system-wide for secure systems.
1604
1605 * There are now system-wide DefaultLimitXXX= options to
1606 globally change the defaults of the various resource limits
1607 for all units started by PID 1.
1608
1609 * Harald Hoyer's systemd test suite has been integrated into
1610 systemd which allows easy testing of systemd builds in qemu
1611 and nspawn. (This is really awesome! Ask us for details!)
1612
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1613 * The fstab parser is now implemented as generator, not inside
1614 of PID 1 anymore.
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1615
1616 * systemctl will now warn you if .mount units generated from
1617 /etc/fstab are out of date due to changes in fstab that
1618 haven't been read by systemd yet.
1619
1620 * systemd is now suitable for usage in initrds. Dracut has
1621 already been updated to make use of this. With this in place
1622 initrds get a slight bit faster but primarily are much
1623 easier to introspect and debug since "systemctl status" in
1624 the host system can be used to introspect initrd services,
1625 and the journal from the initrd is kept around too.
1626
1627 * systemd-delta has been added, a tool to explore differences
1628 between user/admin configuration and vendor defaults.
1629
1630 * PrivateTmp= now affects both /tmp and /var/tmp.
1631
1632 * Boot time status messages are now much prettier and feature
1633 proper english language. Booting up systemd has never been
1634 so sexy.
1635
1636 * Read-ahead pack files now include the inode number of all
1637 files to pre-cache. When the inode changes the pre-caching
1638 is not attempted. This should be nicer to deal with updated
1639 packages which might result in changes of read-ahead
1640 patterns.
1641
1642 * We now temporaritly lower the kernel's read_ahead_kb variable
1643 when collecting read-ahead data to ensure the kernel's
1644 built-in read-ahead does not add noise to our measurements
1645 of necessary blocks to pre-cache.
1646
1647 * There's now RequiresMountsFor= to add automatic dependencies
1648 for all mounts necessary for a specific file system path.
1649
1650 * MountAuto= and SwapAuto= have been removed from
1651 system.conf. Mounting file systems at boot has to take place
1652 in systemd now.
1653
1654 * nspawn now learned a new switch --uuid= to set the machine
1655 ID on the command line.
1656
f8c0a2cb 1657 * nspawn now learned the -b switch to automatically search
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1658 for an init system.
1659
1660 * vt102 is now the default TERM for serial TTYs, upgraded from
1661 vt100.
1662
1663 * systemd-logind now works on VT-less systems.
1664
1665 * The build tree has been reorganized. The individual
3943231c 1666 components now have directories of their own.
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1667
1668 * A new condition type ConditionPathIsReadWrite= is now available.
1669
1670 * nspawn learned the new -C switch to create cgroups for the
1671 container in other hierarchies.
1672
1673 * We now have support for hardware watchdogs, configurable in
1674 system.conf.
1675
1676 * The scheduled shutdown logic now has a public API.
1677
1678 * We now mount /tmp as tmpfs by default, but this can be
1679 masked and /etc/fstab can override it.
1680
1681 * Since udisks doesn't make use of /media anymore we are not
1682 mounting a tmpfs on it anymore.
1683
1684 * journalctl gained a new --local switch to only interleave
1685 locally generated journal files.
1686
1687 * We can now load the IMA policy at boot automatically.
1688
1689 * The GTK tools have been split off into a systemd-ui.
1690
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1691 Contributions from: Andreas Schwab, Auke Kok, Ayan George,
1692 Colin Guthrie, Daniel Mack, Dave Reisner, David Ward, Elan
1693 Ruusamäe, Frederic Crozat, Gergely Nagy, Guillermo Vidal,
1694 Hannes Reinecke, Harald Hoyer, Javier Jardón, Kay Sievers,
1695 Lennart Poettering, Lucas De Marchi, Léo Gillot-Lamure,
1696 Marc-Antoine Perennou, Martin Pitt, Matthew Monaco, Maxim
1697 A. Mikityanskiy, Michael Biebl, Michael Olbrich, Michal
1698 Schmidt, Nis Martensen, Patrick McCarty, Roberto Sassu, Shawn
1699 Landden, Sjoerd Simons, Sven Anders, Tollef Fog Heen, Tom
1700 Gundersen
1701
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1704 * This is mostly a bugfix release
1705
1706 * Support optional initialization of the machine ID from the
1707 KVM or container configured UUID.
1708
1709 * Support immediate reboots with "systemctl reboot -ff"
1710
1711 * Show /etc/os-release data in systemd-analyze output
1712
ab06eef8 1713 * Many bugfixes for the journal, including endianness fixes and
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1714 ensuring that disk space enforcement works
1715
1716 * sd-login.h is C++ comptaible again
1717
1718 * Extend the /etc/os-release format on request of the Debian
1719 folks
1720
1721 * We now refuse non-UTF8 strings used in various configuration
1722 and unit files. This is done to ensure we don't pass invalid
1723 data over D-Bus or expose it elsewhere.
1724
1725 * Register Mimo USB Screens as suitable for automatic seat
1726 configuration
1727
1728 * Read SELinux client context from journal clients in a race
1729 free fashion
1730
1731 * Reorder configuration file lookup order. /etc now always
1732 overrides /run in order to allow the administrator to always
1733 and unconditionally override vendor supplied or
1734 automatically generated data.
1735
1736 * The various user visible bits of the journal now have man
1737 pages. We still lack man pages for the journal API calls
1738 however.
1739
1740 * We now ship all man pages in HTML format again in the
1741 tarball.
1742
1743 Contributions from: Dave Reisner, Dirk Eibach, Frederic
1744 Crozat, Harald Hoyer, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Marti
1745 Raudsepp, Michal Schmidt, Shawn Landden, Tero Roponen, Thierry
1746 Reding
1747
437b7dee 1748CHANGES WITH 43:
b6a86739 1749
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1750 * This is mostly a bugfix release
1751
1752 * systems lacking /etc/os-release are no longer supported.
1753
1754 * Various functionality updates to libsystemd-login.so
1755
1756 * Track class of PAM logins to distuingish greeters from
1757 normal user logins.
1758
1759 Contributions from: Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Michael
1760 Biebl
1761
204fa33c 1762CHANGES WITH 42:
b6a86739 1763
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1764 * This is an important bugfix release for v41.
1765
1766 * Building man pages is now optional which should be useful
1767 for those building systemd from git but unwilling to install
1768 xsltproc.
1769
1770 * Watchdog support for supervising services is now usable. In
1771 a future release support for hardware watchdogs
1772 (i.e. /dev/watchdog) will be added building on this.
1773
1774 * Service start rate limiting is now configurable and can be
1775 turned off per service. When a start rate limit is hit a
1776 reboot can automatically be triggered.
1777
1778 * New CanReboot(), CanPowerOff() bus calls in systemd-logind.
1779
1780 Contributions from: Benjamin Franzke, Bill Nottingham,
1781 Frederic Crozat, Lennart Poettering, Michael Olbrich, Michal
1782 Schmidt, Michał Górny, Piotr Drąg
1783
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1786 * The systemd binary is installed /usr/lib/systemd/systemd now;
1787 An existing /sbin/init symlink needs to be adapted with the
1788 package update.
1789
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1790 * The code that loads kernel modules has been ported to invoke
1791 libkmod directly, instead of modprobe. This means we do not
1792 support systems with module-init-tools anymore.
1793
1794 * Watchdog support is now already useful, but still not
1795 complete.
1796
1797 * A new kernel command line option systemd.setenv= is
1798 understood to set system wide environment variables
1799 dynamically at boot.
1800
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1801 * We now limit the set of capabilities of systemd-journald.
1802
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1803 * We now set SIGPIPE to ignore by default, since it only is
1804 useful in shell pipelines, and has little use in general
1805 code. This can be disabled with IgnoreSIPIPE=no in unit
1806 files.
1807
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1808 Contributions from: Benjamin Franzke, Kay Sievers, Lennart
1809 Poettering, Michael Olbrich, Michal Schmidt, Tom Gundersen,
1810 William Douglas
1811
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1814 * This is mostly a bugfix release
1815
1816 * We now expose the reason why a service failed in the
1817 "Result" D-Bus property.
1818
1819 * Rudimentary service watchdog support (will be completed over
1820 the next few releases.)
1821
1822 * When systemd forks off in order execute some service we will
1823 now immediately changes its argv[0] to reflect which process
1824 it will execute. This is useful to minimize the time window
1825 with a generic argv[0], which makes bootcharts more useful
1826
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1827 Contributions from: Alvaro Soliverez, Chris Paulson-Ellis, Kay
1828 Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Michael Olbrich, Michal Schmidt,
1829 Mike Kazantsev, Ray Strode
1830
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1833 * This is mostly a test release, but incorporates many
1834 bugfixes.
1835
1836 * New systemd-cgtop tool to show control groups by their
1837 resource usage.
1838
1839 * Linking against libacl for ACLs is optional again. If
1840 disabled, support tracking device access for active logins
1841 goes becomes unavailable, and so does access to the user
1842 journals by the respective users.
1843
1844 * If a group "adm" exists, journal files are automatically
1845 owned by them, thus allow members of this group full access
1846 to the system journal as well as all user journals.
1847
1848 * The journal now stores the SELinux context of the logging
1849 client for all entries.
1850
1851 * Add C++ inclusion guards to all public headers
1852
1853 * New output mode "cat" in the journal to print only text
1854 messages, without any meta data like date or time.
1855
1856 * Include tiny X server wrapper as a temporary stop-gap to
1857 teach XOrg udev display enumeration. This is used by display
1858 managers such as gdm, and will go away as soon as XOrg
1859 learned native udev hotplugging for display devices.
1860
1861 * Add new systemd-cat tool for executing arbitrary programs
1862 with STDERR/STDOUT connected to the journal. Can also act as
1863 BSD logger replacement, and does so by default.
1864
1865 * Optionally store all locally generated coredumps in the
1866 journal along with meta data.
1867
1868 * systemd-tmpfiles learnt four new commands: n, L, c, b, for
1869 writing short strings to files (for usage for /sys), and for
1870 creating symlinks, character and block device nodes.
1871
1872 * New unit file option ControlGroupPersistent= to make cgroups
1873 persistent, following the mechanisms outlined in
1874 http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/PaxControlGroups
1875
1876 * Support multiple local RTCs in a sane way
1877
1878 * No longer monopolize IO when replaying readahead data on
1879 rotating disks, since we might starve non-file-system IO to
1880 death, since fanotify() will not see accesses done by blkid,
1881 or fsck.
1882
1883 * Don't show kernel threads in systemd-cgls anymore, unless
1884 requested with new -k switch.
1885
1886 Contributions from: Dan Horák, Kay Sievers, Lennart
1887 Poettering, Michal Schmidt
1888
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1891 * This is mostly a test release, but incorporates many
1892 bugfixes.
1893
1894 * The git repository moved to:
1895 git://anongit.freedesktop.org/systemd/systemd
1896 ssh://git.freedesktop.org/git/systemd/systemd
1897
1898 * First release with the journal
1899 http://0pointer.de/blog/projects/the-journal.html
1900
1901 * The journal replaces both systemd-kmsg-syslogd and
1902 systemd-stdout-bridge.
1903
1904 * New sd_pid_get_unit() API call in libsystemd-logind
1905
1906 * Many systemadm clean-ups
1907
1908 * Introduce remote-fs-pre.target which is ordered before all
1909 remote mounts and may be used to start services before all
1910 remote mounts.
1911
1912 * Added Mageia support
1913
1914 * Add bash completion for systemd-loginctl
1915
1916 * Actively monitor PID file creation for daemons which exit in
1917 the parent process before having finished writing the PID
1918 file in the daemon process. Daemons which do this need to be
1919 fixed (i.e. PID file creation must have finished before the
1920 parent exits), but we now react a bit more gracefully to them.
1921
1922 * Add colourful boot output, mimicking the well-known output
1923 of existing distributions.
1924
1925 * New option PassCredentials= for socket units, for
1926 compatibility with a recent kernel ABI breakage.
1927
1928 * /etc/rc.local is now hooked in via a generator binary, and
1929 thus will no longer act as synchronization point during
1930 boot.
1931
1932 * systemctl list-unit-files now supports --root=.
1933
1934 * systemd-tmpfiles now understands two new commands: z, Z for
1935 relabelling files according to the SELinux database. This is
1936 useful to apply SELinux labels to specific files in /sys,
1937 among other things.
1938
1939 * Output of SysV services is now forwarded to both the console
1940 and the journal by default, not only just the console.
1941
1942 * New man pages for all APIs from libsystemd-login.
1943
1944 * The build tree got reorganized and a the build system is a
1945 lot more modular allowing embedded setups to specifically
1946 select the components of systemd they are interested in.
1947
1948 * Support for Linux systems lacking the kernel VT subsystem is
1949 restored.
1950
1951 * configure's --with-rootdir= got renamed to
1952 --with-rootprefix= to follow the naming used by udev and
1953 kmod
1954
1955 * Unless specified otherwise we'll now install to /usr instead
1956 of /usr/local by default.
1957
1958 * Processes with '@' in argv[0][0] are now excluded from the
1959 final shut-down killing spree, following the logic explained
1960 in:
1961 http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/RootStorageDaemons
1962
1963 * All processes remaining in a service cgroup when we enter
1964 the START or START_PRE states are now killed with
1965 SIGKILL. That means it is no longer possible to spawn
1966 background processes from ExecStart= lines (which was never
1967 supported anyway, and bad style).
1968
1969 * New PropagateReloadTo=/PropagateReloadFrom= options to bind
1970 reloading of units together.
1971
4c8cd173 1972 Contributions from: Bill Nottingham, Daniel J. Walsh, Dave
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1973 Reisner, Dexter Morgan, Gregs Gregs, Jonathan Nieder, Kay
1974 Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Michael Biebl, Michal Schmidt,
1975 Michał Górny, Ran Benita, Thomas Jarosch, Tim Waugh, Tollef
1976 Fog Heen, Tom Gundersen, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek