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4ee9c684 1/* Dead store elimination
2b4876d2 2 Copyright (C) 2004, 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4ee9c684 3
4This file is part of GCC.
5
6GCC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
7it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
8the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
9any later version.
10
11GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
14GNU General Public License for more details.
15
16You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
17along with GCC; see the file COPYING. If not, write to
18the Free Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
19Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
20
21#include "config.h"
22#include "system.h"
23#include "coretypes.h"
24#include "tm.h"
25#include "errors.h"
26#include "ggc.h"
27#include "tree.h"
28#include "rtl.h"
29#include "tm_p.h"
30#include "basic-block.h"
31#include "timevar.h"
32#include "diagnostic.h"
33#include "tree-flow.h"
34#include "tree-pass.h"
35#include "tree-dump.h"
36#include "domwalk.h"
37#include "flags.h"
38
39/* This file implements dead store elimination.
40
41 A dead store is a store into a memory location which will later be
42 overwritten by another store without any intervening loads. In this
43 case the earlier store can be deleted.
44
45 In our SSA + virtual operand world we use immediate uses of virtual
46 operands to detect dead stores. If a store's virtual definition
47 is used precisely once by a later store to the same location which
48 post dominates the first store, then the first store is dead.
49
50 The single use of the store's virtual definition ensures that
51 there are no intervening aliased loads and the requirement that
52 the second load post dominate the first ensures that if the earlier
53 store executes, then the later stores will execute before the function
54 exits.
55
56 It may help to think of this as first moving the earlier store to
57 the point immediately before the later store. Again, the single
2c763ed4 58 use of the virtual definition and the post-dominance relationship
4ee9c684 59 ensure that such movement would be safe. Clearly if there are
60 back to back stores, then the second is redundant.
61
62 Reviewing section 10.7.2 in Morgan's "Building an Optimizing Compiler"
63 may also help in understanding this code since it discusses the
64 relationship between dead store and redundant load elimination. In
65 fact, they are the same transformation applied to different views of
66 the CFG. */
67
68
69struct dse_global_data
70{
71 /* This is the global bitmap for store statements.
72
73 Each statement has a unique ID. When we encounter a store statement
74 that we want to record, set the bit corresponding to the statement's
75 unique ID in this bitmap. */
76 bitmap stores;
77};
78
79/* We allocate a bitmap-per-block for stores which are encountered
80 during the scan of that block. This allows us to restore the
81 global bitmap of stores when we finish processing a block. */
82struct dse_block_local_data
83{
84 bitmap stores;
85};
86
87static bool gate_dse (void);
88static void tree_ssa_dse (void);
89static void dse_initialize_block_local_data (struct dom_walk_data *,
90 basic_block,
91 bool);
92static void dse_optimize_stmt (struct dom_walk_data *,
93 basic_block,
94 block_stmt_iterator);
95static void dse_record_phis (struct dom_walk_data *, basic_block);
96static void dse_finalize_block (struct dom_walk_data *, basic_block);
4ee9c684 97static void record_voperand_set (bitmap, bitmap *, unsigned int);
98
af6c896a 99static unsigned max_stmt_uid; /* Maximal uid of a statement. Uids to phi
100 nodes are assigned using the versions of
101 ssa names they define. */
102
103/* Returns uid of statement STMT. */
104
105static unsigned
106get_stmt_uid (tree stmt)
107{
108 if (TREE_CODE (stmt) == PHI_NODE)
109 return SSA_NAME_VERSION (PHI_RESULT (stmt)) + max_stmt_uid;
110
111 return stmt_ann (stmt)->uid;
112}
113
4ee9c684 114/* Function indicating whether we ought to include information for 'var'
115 when calculating immediate uses. For this pass we only want use
116 information for virtual variables. */
117
118static bool
119need_imm_uses_for (tree var)
120{
121 return !is_gimple_reg (var);
122}
123
124
4ee9c684 125/* Set bit UID in bitmaps GLOBAL and *LOCAL, creating *LOCAL as needed. */
126static void
127record_voperand_set (bitmap global, bitmap *local, unsigned int uid)
128{
129 /* Lazily allocate the bitmap. Note that we do not get a notification
130 when the block local data structures die, so we allocate the local
131 bitmap backed by the GC system. */
132 if (*local == NULL)
133 *local = BITMAP_GGC_ALLOC ();
134
135 /* Set the bit in the local and global bitmaps. */
136 bitmap_set_bit (*local, uid);
137 bitmap_set_bit (global, uid);
138}
139/* Initialize block local data structures. */
140
141static void
142dse_initialize_block_local_data (struct dom_walk_data *walk_data,
143 basic_block bb ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
144 bool recycled)
145{
146 struct dse_block_local_data *bd
147 = VARRAY_TOP_GENERIC_PTR (walk_data->block_data_stack);
148
149 /* If we are given a recycled block local data structure, ensure any
150 bitmap associated with the block is cleared. */
151 if (recycled)
152 {
153 if (bd->stores)
154 bitmap_clear (bd->stores);
155 }
156}
157
158/* Attempt to eliminate dead stores in the statement referenced by BSI.
159
160 A dead store is a store into a memory location which will later be
161 overwritten by another store without any intervening loads. In this
162 case the earlier store can be deleted.
163
164 In our SSA + virtual operand world we use immediate uses of virtual
165 operands to detect dead stores. If a store's virtual definition
166 is used precisely once by a later store to the same location which
167 post dominates the first store, then the first store is dead. */
168
169static void
170dse_optimize_stmt (struct dom_walk_data *walk_data,
171 basic_block bb ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
172 block_stmt_iterator bsi)
173{
174 struct dse_block_local_data *bd
175 = VARRAY_TOP_GENERIC_PTR (walk_data->block_data_stack);
176 struct dse_global_data *dse_gd = walk_data->global_data;
177 tree stmt = bsi_stmt (bsi);
178 stmt_ann_t ann = stmt_ann (stmt);
2cf24776 179 v_may_def_optype v_may_defs;
4ee9c684 180
181 get_stmt_operands (stmt);
2cf24776 182 v_may_defs = V_MAY_DEF_OPS (ann);
4ee9c684 183
184 /* If this statement has no virtual uses, then there is nothing
185 to do. */
2cf24776 186 if (NUM_V_MAY_DEFS (v_may_defs) == 0)
4ee9c684 187 return;
188
e37235f0 189 /* We know we have virtual definitions. If this is a MODIFY_EXPR that's
190 not also a function call, then record it into our table. */
191 if (get_call_expr_in (stmt))
192 return;
52c2a307 193
194 if (ann->has_volatile_ops)
195 return;
196
e37235f0 197 if (TREE_CODE (stmt) == MODIFY_EXPR)
4ee9c684 198 {
22aa74c4 199 unsigned int num_uses = 0, count = 0;
200 use_operand_p first_use_p = NULL_USE_OPERAND_P;
201 use_operand_p use_p;
202 tree use, use_stmt;
203 tree defvar = NULL_TREE, usevar = NULL_TREE;
204 use_operand_p var2;
205 def_operand_p var1;
206 ssa_op_iter op_iter;
207
208 FOR_EACH_SSA_MAYDEF_OPERAND (var1, var2, stmt, op_iter)
209 {
210 defvar = DEF_FROM_PTR (var1);
211 usevar = USE_FROM_PTR (var2);
212 num_uses += num_imm_uses (defvar);
213 count++;
214 if (num_uses > 1 || count > 1)
215 break;
216 }
4ee9c684 217
22aa74c4 218 if (count == 1 && num_uses == 1)
219 {
220 single_imm_use (defvar, &use_p, &use_stmt);
221 gcc_assert (use_p != NULL_USE_OPERAND_P);
222 first_use_p = use_p;
223 use = USE_FROM_PTR (use_p);
224 }
225 else
4ee9c684 226 {
227 record_voperand_set (dse_gd->stores, &bd->stores, ann->uid);
228 return;
229 }
230
4ee9c684 231 /* Skip through any PHI nodes we have already seen if the PHI
232 represents the only use of this store.
233
234 Note this does not handle the case where the store has
2cf24776 235 multiple V_MAY_DEFs which all reach a set of PHI nodes in the
4ee9c684 236 same block. */
22aa74c4 237 while (use_p != NULL_USE_OPERAND_P
238 && TREE_CODE (use_stmt) == PHI_NODE
239 && bitmap_bit_p (dse_gd->stores, get_stmt_uid (use_stmt)))
4ee9c684 240 {
4ee9c684 241 /* Skip past this PHI and loop again in case we had a PHI
242 chain. */
22aa74c4 243 if (single_imm_use (PHI_RESULT (use_stmt), &use_p, &use_stmt))
244 use = USE_FROM_PTR (use_p);
4ee9c684 245 }
246
247 /* If we have precisely one immediate use at this point, then we may
248 have found redundant store. */
22aa74c4 249 if (use_p != NULL_USE_OPERAND_P
250 && bitmap_bit_p (dse_gd->stores, get_stmt_uid (use_stmt))
4ee9c684 251 && operand_equal_p (TREE_OPERAND (stmt, 0),
22aa74c4 252 TREE_OPERAND (use_stmt, 0), 0))
4ee9c684 253 {
22aa74c4 254 /* Make sure we propagate the ABNORMAL bit setting. */
255 if (SSA_NAME_OCCURS_IN_ABNORMAL_PHI (USE_FROM_PTR (first_use_p)))
256 SSA_NAME_OCCURS_IN_ABNORMAL_PHI (usevar) = 1;
257 /* Then we need to fix the operand of the consuming stmt. */
258 SET_USE (first_use_p, usevar);
4ee9c684 259
260 if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
261 {
262 fprintf (dump_file, " Deleted dead store '");
263 print_generic_expr (dump_file, bsi_stmt (bsi), dump_flags);
264 fprintf (dump_file, "'\n");
265 }
266
22aa74c4 267 /* Remove the dead store. */
268 bsi_remove (&bsi);
4e4a0d35 269
270 /* And release any SSA_NAMEs set in this statement back to the
271 SSA_NAME manager. */
272 release_defs (stmt);
4ee9c684 273 }
274
275 record_voperand_set (dse_gd->stores, &bd->stores, ann->uid);
276 }
277}
278
279/* Record that we have seen the PHIs at the start of BB which correspond
280 to virtual operands. */
281static void
282dse_record_phis (struct dom_walk_data *walk_data, basic_block bb)
283{
284 struct dse_block_local_data *bd
285 = VARRAY_TOP_GENERIC_PTR (walk_data->block_data_stack);
286 struct dse_global_data *dse_gd = walk_data->global_data;
287 tree phi;
288
04f8eea3 289 for (phi = phi_nodes (bb); phi; phi = PHI_CHAIN (phi))
4ee9c684 290 if (need_imm_uses_for (PHI_RESULT (phi)))
291 record_voperand_set (dse_gd->stores,
292 &bd->stores,
af6c896a 293 get_stmt_uid (phi));
4ee9c684 294}
295
296static void
297dse_finalize_block (struct dom_walk_data *walk_data,
298 basic_block bb ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
299{
300 struct dse_block_local_data *bd
301 = VARRAY_TOP_GENERIC_PTR (walk_data->block_data_stack);
302 struct dse_global_data *dse_gd = walk_data->global_data;
303 bitmap stores = dse_gd->stores;
304 unsigned int i;
0cc4271a 305 bitmap_iterator bi;
4ee9c684 306
307 /* Unwind the stores noted in this basic block. */
308 if (bd->stores)
0cc4271a 309 EXECUTE_IF_SET_IN_BITMAP (bd->stores, 0, i, bi)
310 {
311 bitmap_clear_bit (stores, i);
312 }
4ee9c684 313}
314
315static void
316tree_ssa_dse (void)
317{
318 struct dom_walk_data walk_data;
319 struct dse_global_data dse_gd;
4ee9c684 320 basic_block bb;
321
322 /* Create a UID for each statement in the function. Ordering of the
323 UIDs is not important for this pass. */
af6c896a 324 max_stmt_uid = 0;
4ee9c684 325 FOR_EACH_BB (bb)
326 {
327 block_stmt_iterator bsi;
4ee9c684 328
329 for (bsi = bsi_start (bb); !bsi_end_p (bsi); bsi_next (&bsi))
af6c896a 330 stmt_ann (bsi_stmt (bsi))->uid = max_stmt_uid++;
4ee9c684 331 }
332
333 /* We might consider making this a property of each pass so that it
334 can be [re]computed on an as-needed basis. Particularly since
335 this pass could be seen as an extension of DCE which needs post
336 dominators. */
337 calculate_dominance_info (CDI_POST_DOMINATORS);
338
4ee9c684 339 /* Dead store elimination is fundamentally a walk of the post-dominator
340 tree and a backwards walk of statements within each block. */
341 walk_data.walk_stmts_backward = true;
342 walk_data.dom_direction = CDI_POST_DOMINATORS;
343 walk_data.initialize_block_local_data = dse_initialize_block_local_data;
344 walk_data.before_dom_children_before_stmts = NULL;
345 walk_data.before_dom_children_walk_stmts = dse_optimize_stmt;
346 walk_data.before_dom_children_after_stmts = dse_record_phis;
347 walk_data.after_dom_children_before_stmts = NULL;
348 walk_data.after_dom_children_walk_stmts = NULL;
349 walk_data.after_dom_children_after_stmts = dse_finalize_block;
350
351 walk_data.block_local_data_size = sizeof (struct dse_block_local_data);
352
353 /* This is the main hash table for the dead store elimination pass. */
27335ffd 354 dse_gd.stores = BITMAP_ALLOC (NULL);
4ee9c684 355 walk_data.global_data = &dse_gd;
356
357 /* Initialize the dominator walker. */
358 init_walk_dominator_tree (&walk_data);
359
360 /* Recursively walk the dominator tree. */
361 walk_dominator_tree (&walk_data, EXIT_BLOCK_PTR);
362
363 /* Finalize the dominator walker. */
364 fini_walk_dominator_tree (&walk_data);
365
366 /* Release the main bitmap. */
27335ffd 367 BITMAP_FREE (dse_gd.stores);
4ee9c684 368
4ee9c684 369 /* For now, just wipe the post-dominator information. */
370 free_dominance_info (CDI_POST_DOMINATORS);
371}
372
373static bool
374gate_dse (void)
375{
376 return flag_tree_dse != 0;
377}
378
379struct tree_opt_pass pass_dse = {
380 "dse", /* name */
381 gate_dse, /* gate */
382 tree_ssa_dse, /* execute */
383 NULL, /* sub */
384 NULL, /* next */
385 0, /* static_pass_number */
386 TV_TREE_DSE, /* tv_id */
f45a1ca1 387 PROP_cfg | PROP_ssa
388 | PROP_alias, /* properties_required */
4ee9c684 389 0, /* properties_provided */
390 0, /* properties_destroyed */
391 0, /* todo_flags_start */
392 TODO_dump_func | TODO_ggc_collect /* todo_flags_finish */
0f9005dd 393 | TODO_verify_ssa,
394 0 /* letter */
4ee9c684 395};