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b076a3fd | 1 | /* Array prefetching. |
cf835838 | 2 | Copyright (C) 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
b8698a0f | 3 | |
b076a3fd | 4 | This file is part of GCC. |
b8698a0f | 5 | |
b076a3fd ZD |
6 | GCC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it |
7 | under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the | |
9dcd6f09 | 8 | Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) any |
b076a3fd | 9 | later version. |
b8698a0f | 10 | |
b076a3fd ZD |
11 | GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT |
12 | ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or | |
13 | FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License | |
14 | for more details. | |
b8698a0f | 15 | |
b076a3fd | 16 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License |
9dcd6f09 NC |
17 | along with GCC; see the file COPYING3. If not see |
18 | <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */ | |
b076a3fd ZD |
19 | |
20 | #include "config.h" | |
21 | #include "system.h" | |
22 | #include "coretypes.h" | |
23 | #include "tm.h" | |
24 | #include "tree.h" | |
b076a3fd | 25 | #include "tm_p.h" |
b076a3fd ZD |
26 | #include "basic-block.h" |
27 | #include "output.h" | |
cf835838 | 28 | #include "tree-pretty-print.h" |
b076a3fd ZD |
29 | #include "tree-flow.h" |
30 | #include "tree-dump.h" | |
31 | #include "timevar.h" | |
32 | #include "cfgloop.h" | |
b076a3fd | 33 | #include "tree-pass.h" |
b076a3fd ZD |
34 | #include "insn-config.h" |
35 | #include "recog.h" | |
36 | #include "hashtab.h" | |
37 | #include "tree-chrec.h" | |
38 | #include "tree-scalar-evolution.h" | |
39 | #include "toplev.h" | |
40 | #include "params.h" | |
41 | #include "langhooks.h" | |
7f9bc51b | 42 | #include "tree-inline.h" |
5417e022 | 43 | #include "tree-data-ref.h" |
2eb79bbb SB |
44 | |
45 | ||
46 | /* FIXME: Needed for optabs, but this should all be moved to a TBD interface | |
47 | between the GIMPLE and RTL worlds. */ | |
48 | #include "expr.h" | |
79f5e442 | 49 | #include "optabs.h" |
b076a3fd ZD |
50 | |
51 | /* This pass inserts prefetch instructions to optimize cache usage during | |
52 | accesses to arrays in loops. It processes loops sequentially and: | |
53 | ||
54 | 1) Gathers all memory references in the single loop. | |
55 | 2) For each of the references it decides when it is profitable to prefetch | |
56 | it. To do it, we evaluate the reuse among the accesses, and determines | |
57 | two values: PREFETCH_BEFORE (meaning that it only makes sense to do | |
58 | prefetching in the first PREFETCH_BEFORE iterations of the loop) and | |
59 | PREFETCH_MOD (meaning that it only makes sense to prefetch in the | |
60 | iterations of the loop that are zero modulo PREFETCH_MOD). For example | |
61 | (assuming cache line size is 64 bytes, char has size 1 byte and there | |
62 | is no hardware sequential prefetch): | |
63 | ||
64 | char *a; | |
65 | for (i = 0; i < max; i++) | |
66 | { | |
67 | a[255] = ...; (0) | |
68 | a[i] = ...; (1) | |
69 | a[i + 64] = ...; (2) | |
70 | a[16*i] = ...; (3) | |
71 | a[187*i] = ...; (4) | |
72 | a[187*i + 50] = ...; (5) | |
73 | } | |
74 | ||
75 | (0) obviously has PREFETCH_BEFORE 1 | |
76 | (1) has PREFETCH_BEFORE 64, since (2) accesses the same memory | |
77 | location 64 iterations before it, and PREFETCH_MOD 64 (since | |
78 | it hits the same cache line otherwise). | |
79 | (2) has PREFETCH_MOD 64 | |
80 | (3) has PREFETCH_MOD 4 | |
81 | (4) has PREFETCH_MOD 1. We do not set PREFETCH_BEFORE here, since | |
82 | the cache line accessed by (4) is the same with probability only | |
83 | 7/32. | |
84 | (5) has PREFETCH_MOD 1 as well. | |
85 | ||
5417e022 ZD |
86 | Additionally, we use data dependence analysis to determine for each |
87 | reference the distance till the first reuse; this information is used | |
88 | to determine the temporality of the issued prefetch instruction. | |
89 | ||
b076a3fd ZD |
90 | 3) We determine how much ahead we need to prefetch. The number of |
91 | iterations needed is time to fetch / time spent in one iteration of | |
92 | the loop. The problem is that we do not know either of these values, | |
93 | so we just make a heuristic guess based on a magic (possibly) | |
94 | target-specific constant and size of the loop. | |
95 | ||
96 | 4) Determine which of the references we prefetch. We take into account | |
97 | that there is a maximum number of simultaneous prefetches (provided | |
98 | by machine description). We prefetch as many prefetches as possible | |
99 | while still within this bound (starting with those with lowest | |
100 | prefetch_mod, since they are responsible for most of the cache | |
101 | misses). | |
b8698a0f | 102 | |
b076a3fd ZD |
103 | 5) We unroll and peel loops so that we are able to satisfy PREFETCH_MOD |
104 | and PREFETCH_BEFORE requirements (within some bounds), and to avoid | |
105 | prefetching nonaccessed memory. | |
106 | TODO -- actually implement peeling. | |
b8698a0f | 107 | |
b076a3fd ZD |
108 | 6) We actually emit the prefetch instructions. ??? Perhaps emit the |
109 | prefetch instructions with guards in cases where 5) was not sufficient | |
110 | to satisfy the constraints? | |
111 | ||
db34470d GS |
112 | The function is_loop_prefetching_profitable() implements a cost model |
113 | to determine if prefetching is profitable for a given loop. The cost | |
114 | model has two heuristcs: | |
115 | 1. A heuristic that determines whether the given loop has enough CPU | |
116 | ops that can be overlapped with cache missing memory ops. | |
b8698a0f L |
117 | If not, the loop won't benefit from prefetching. This is implemented |
118 | by requirung the ratio between the instruction count and the mem ref | |
db34470d GS |
119 | count to be above a certain minimum. |
120 | 2. A heuristic that disables prefetching in a loop with an unknown trip | |
b8698a0f | 121 | count if the prefetching cost is above a certain limit. The relative |
db34470d GS |
122 | prefetching cost is estimated by taking the ratio between the |
123 | prefetch count and the total intruction count (this models the I-cache | |
124 | cost). | |
125 | The limits used in these heuristics are defined as parameters with | |
b8698a0f | 126 | reasonable default values. Machine-specific default values will be |
db34470d | 127 | added later. |
b8698a0f | 128 | |
b076a3fd ZD |
129 | Some other TODO: |
130 | -- write and use more general reuse analysis (that could be also used | |
131 | in other cache aimed loop optimizations) | |
132 | -- make it behave sanely together with the prefetches given by user | |
133 | (now we just ignore them; at the very least we should avoid | |
134 | optimizing loops in that user put his own prefetches) | |
135 | -- we assume cache line size alignment of arrays; this could be | |
136 | improved. */ | |
137 | ||
138 | /* Magic constants follow. These should be replaced by machine specific | |
139 | numbers. */ | |
140 | ||
b076a3fd ZD |
141 | /* True if write can be prefetched by a read prefetch. */ |
142 | ||
143 | #ifndef WRITE_CAN_USE_READ_PREFETCH | |
144 | #define WRITE_CAN_USE_READ_PREFETCH 1 | |
145 | #endif | |
146 | ||
147 | /* True if read can be prefetched by a write prefetch. */ | |
148 | ||
149 | #ifndef READ_CAN_USE_WRITE_PREFETCH | |
150 | #define READ_CAN_USE_WRITE_PREFETCH 0 | |
151 | #endif | |
152 | ||
47eb5b32 ZD |
153 | /* The size of the block loaded by a single prefetch. Usually, this is |
154 | the same as cache line size (at the moment, we only consider one level | |
155 | of cache hierarchy). */ | |
b076a3fd ZD |
156 | |
157 | #ifndef PREFETCH_BLOCK | |
47eb5b32 | 158 | #define PREFETCH_BLOCK L1_CACHE_LINE_SIZE |
b076a3fd ZD |
159 | #endif |
160 | ||
161 | /* Do we have a forward hardware sequential prefetching? */ | |
162 | ||
163 | #ifndef HAVE_FORWARD_PREFETCH | |
164 | #define HAVE_FORWARD_PREFETCH 0 | |
165 | #endif | |
166 | ||
167 | /* Do we have a backward hardware sequential prefetching? */ | |
168 | ||
169 | #ifndef HAVE_BACKWARD_PREFETCH | |
170 | #define HAVE_BACKWARD_PREFETCH 0 | |
171 | #endif | |
172 | ||
173 | /* In some cases we are only able to determine that there is a certain | |
174 | probability that the two accesses hit the same cache line. In this | |
175 | case, we issue the prefetches for both of them if this probability | |
fa10beec | 176 | is less then (1000 - ACCEPTABLE_MISS_RATE) per thousand. */ |
b076a3fd ZD |
177 | |
178 | #ifndef ACCEPTABLE_MISS_RATE | |
179 | #define ACCEPTABLE_MISS_RATE 50 | |
180 | #endif | |
181 | ||
182 | #ifndef HAVE_prefetch | |
183 | #define HAVE_prefetch 0 | |
184 | #endif | |
185 | ||
46cb0441 ZD |
186 | #define L1_CACHE_SIZE_BYTES ((unsigned) (L1_CACHE_SIZE * 1024)) |
187 | #define L2_CACHE_SIZE_BYTES ((unsigned) (L2_CACHE_SIZE * 1024)) | |
5417e022 ZD |
188 | |
189 | /* We consider a memory access nontemporal if it is not reused sooner than | |
190 | after L2_CACHE_SIZE_BYTES of memory are accessed. However, we ignore | |
191 | accesses closer than L1_CACHE_SIZE_BYTES / NONTEMPORAL_FRACTION, | |
192 | so that we use nontemporal prefetches e.g. if single memory location | |
193 | is accessed several times in a single iteration of the loop. */ | |
194 | #define NONTEMPORAL_FRACTION 16 | |
195 | ||
79f5e442 ZD |
196 | /* In case we have to emit a memory fence instruction after the loop that |
197 | uses nontemporal stores, this defines the builtin to use. */ | |
198 | ||
199 | #ifndef FENCE_FOLLOWING_MOVNT | |
200 | #define FENCE_FOLLOWING_MOVNT NULL_TREE | |
201 | #endif | |
202 | ||
9bf4598b CF |
203 | /* It is not profitable to prefetch when the trip count is not at |
204 | least TRIP_COUNT_TO_AHEAD_RATIO times the prefetch ahead distance. | |
205 | For example, in a loop with a prefetch ahead distance of 10, | |
206 | supposing that TRIP_COUNT_TO_AHEAD_RATIO is equal to 4, it is | |
207 | profitable to prefetch when the trip count is greater or equal to | |
208 | 40. In that case, 30 out of the 40 iterations will benefit from | |
209 | prefetching. */ | |
210 | ||
211 | #ifndef TRIP_COUNT_TO_AHEAD_RATIO | |
212 | #define TRIP_COUNT_TO_AHEAD_RATIO 4 | |
213 | #endif | |
214 | ||
b076a3fd ZD |
215 | /* The group of references between that reuse may occur. */ |
216 | ||
217 | struct mem_ref_group | |
218 | { | |
219 | tree base; /* Base of the reference. */ | |
81f32326 | 220 | tree step; /* Step of the reference. */ |
b076a3fd ZD |
221 | struct mem_ref *refs; /* References in the group. */ |
222 | struct mem_ref_group *next; /* Next group of references. */ | |
223 | }; | |
224 | ||
225 | /* Assigned to PREFETCH_BEFORE when all iterations are to be prefetched. */ | |
226 | ||
227 | #define PREFETCH_ALL (~(unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT) 0) | |
228 | ||
8532678c CF |
229 | /* Do not generate a prefetch if the unroll factor is significantly less |
230 | than what is required by the prefetch. This is to avoid redundant | |
f7963a7c CF |
231 | prefetches. For example, when prefetch_mod is 16 and unroll_factor is |
232 | 2, prefetching requires unrolling the loop 16 times, but | |
233 | the loop is actually unrolled twice. In this case (ratio = 8), | |
8532678c CF |
234 | prefetching is not likely to be beneficial. */ |
235 | ||
236 | #ifndef PREFETCH_MOD_TO_UNROLL_FACTOR_RATIO | |
f7963a7c | 237 | #define PREFETCH_MOD_TO_UNROLL_FACTOR_RATIO 4 |
8532678c CF |
238 | #endif |
239 | ||
b076a3fd ZD |
240 | /* The memory reference. */ |
241 | ||
242 | struct mem_ref | |
243 | { | |
726a989a | 244 | gimple stmt; /* Statement in that the reference appears. */ |
b076a3fd ZD |
245 | tree mem; /* The reference. */ |
246 | HOST_WIDE_INT delta; /* Constant offset of the reference. */ | |
b076a3fd ZD |
247 | struct mem_ref_group *group; /* The group of references it belongs to. */ |
248 | unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT prefetch_mod; | |
249 | /* Prefetch only each PREFETCH_MOD-th | |
250 | iteration. */ | |
251 | unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT prefetch_before; | |
252 | /* Prefetch only first PREFETCH_BEFORE | |
253 | iterations. */ | |
5417e022 ZD |
254 | unsigned reuse_distance; /* The amount of data accessed before the first |
255 | reuse of this value. */ | |
b076a3fd | 256 | struct mem_ref *next; /* The next reference in the group. */ |
79f5e442 ZD |
257 | unsigned write_p : 1; /* Is it a write? */ |
258 | unsigned independent_p : 1; /* True if the reference is independent on | |
259 | all other references inside the loop. */ | |
260 | unsigned issue_prefetch_p : 1; /* Should we really issue the prefetch? */ | |
261 | unsigned storent_p : 1; /* True if we changed the store to a | |
262 | nontemporal one. */ | |
b076a3fd ZD |
263 | }; |
264 | ||
75c40d56 | 265 | /* Dumps information about reference REF to FILE. */ |
b076a3fd ZD |
266 | |
267 | static void | |
268 | dump_mem_ref (FILE *file, struct mem_ref *ref) | |
269 | { | |
270 | fprintf (file, "Reference %p:\n", (void *) ref); | |
271 | ||
272 | fprintf (file, " group %p (base ", (void *) ref->group); | |
273 | print_generic_expr (file, ref->group->base, TDF_SLIM); | |
274 | fprintf (file, ", step "); | |
81f32326 CB |
275 | if (cst_and_fits_in_hwi (ref->group->step)) |
276 | fprintf (file, HOST_WIDE_INT_PRINT_DEC, int_cst_value (ref->group->step)); | |
277 | else | |
278 | print_generic_expr (file, ref->group->step, TDF_TREE); | |
b076a3fd ZD |
279 | fprintf (file, ")\n"); |
280 | ||
e324a72f | 281 | fprintf (file, " delta "); |
b076a3fd ZD |
282 | fprintf (file, HOST_WIDE_INT_PRINT_DEC, ref->delta); |
283 | fprintf (file, "\n"); | |
284 | ||
285 | fprintf (file, " %s\n", ref->write_p ? "write" : "read"); | |
286 | ||
287 | fprintf (file, "\n"); | |
288 | } | |
289 | ||
290 | /* Finds a group with BASE and STEP in GROUPS, or creates one if it does not | |
291 | exist. */ | |
292 | ||
293 | static struct mem_ref_group * | |
81f32326 | 294 | find_or_create_group (struct mem_ref_group **groups, tree base, tree step) |
b076a3fd ZD |
295 | { |
296 | struct mem_ref_group *group; | |
297 | ||
298 | for (; *groups; groups = &(*groups)->next) | |
299 | { | |
81f32326 | 300 | if (operand_equal_p ((*groups)->step, step, 0) |
b076a3fd ZD |
301 | && operand_equal_p ((*groups)->base, base, 0)) |
302 | return *groups; | |
303 | ||
81f32326 CB |
304 | /* If step is an integer constant, keep the list of groups sorted |
305 | by decreasing step. */ | |
306 | if (cst_and_fits_in_hwi ((*groups)->step) && cst_and_fits_in_hwi (step) | |
307 | && int_cst_value ((*groups)->step) < int_cst_value (step)) | |
b076a3fd ZD |
308 | break; |
309 | } | |
310 | ||
5417e022 | 311 | group = XNEW (struct mem_ref_group); |
b076a3fd ZD |
312 | group->base = base; |
313 | group->step = step; | |
314 | group->refs = NULL; | |
315 | group->next = *groups; | |
316 | *groups = group; | |
317 | ||
318 | return group; | |
319 | } | |
320 | ||
321 | /* Records a memory reference MEM in GROUP with offset DELTA and write status | |
322 | WRITE_P. The reference occurs in statement STMT. */ | |
323 | ||
324 | static void | |
726a989a | 325 | record_ref (struct mem_ref_group *group, gimple stmt, tree mem, |
b076a3fd ZD |
326 | HOST_WIDE_INT delta, bool write_p) |
327 | { | |
328 | struct mem_ref **aref; | |
329 | ||
330 | /* Do not record the same address twice. */ | |
331 | for (aref = &group->refs; *aref; aref = &(*aref)->next) | |
332 | { | |
333 | /* It does not have to be possible for write reference to reuse the read | |
334 | prefetch, or vice versa. */ | |
335 | if (!WRITE_CAN_USE_READ_PREFETCH | |
336 | && write_p | |
337 | && !(*aref)->write_p) | |
338 | continue; | |
339 | if (!READ_CAN_USE_WRITE_PREFETCH | |
340 | && !write_p | |
341 | && (*aref)->write_p) | |
342 | continue; | |
343 | ||
344 | if ((*aref)->delta == delta) | |
345 | return; | |
346 | } | |
347 | ||
5417e022 | 348 | (*aref) = XNEW (struct mem_ref); |
b076a3fd ZD |
349 | (*aref)->stmt = stmt; |
350 | (*aref)->mem = mem; | |
351 | (*aref)->delta = delta; | |
352 | (*aref)->write_p = write_p; | |
353 | (*aref)->prefetch_before = PREFETCH_ALL; | |
354 | (*aref)->prefetch_mod = 1; | |
5417e022 | 355 | (*aref)->reuse_distance = 0; |
b076a3fd ZD |
356 | (*aref)->issue_prefetch_p = false; |
357 | (*aref)->group = group; | |
358 | (*aref)->next = NULL; | |
79f5e442 ZD |
359 | (*aref)->independent_p = false; |
360 | (*aref)->storent_p = false; | |
b076a3fd ZD |
361 | |
362 | if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS)) | |
363 | dump_mem_ref (dump_file, *aref); | |
364 | } | |
365 | ||
366 | /* Release memory references in GROUPS. */ | |
367 | ||
368 | static void | |
369 | release_mem_refs (struct mem_ref_group *groups) | |
370 | { | |
371 | struct mem_ref_group *next_g; | |
372 | struct mem_ref *ref, *next_r; | |
373 | ||
374 | for (; groups; groups = next_g) | |
375 | { | |
376 | next_g = groups->next; | |
377 | for (ref = groups->refs; ref; ref = next_r) | |
378 | { | |
379 | next_r = ref->next; | |
380 | free (ref); | |
381 | } | |
382 | free (groups); | |
383 | } | |
384 | } | |
385 | ||
386 | /* A structure used to pass arguments to idx_analyze_ref. */ | |
387 | ||
388 | struct ar_data | |
389 | { | |
390 | struct loop *loop; /* Loop of the reference. */ | |
726a989a | 391 | gimple stmt; /* Statement of the reference. */ |
81f32326 | 392 | tree *step; /* Step of the memory reference. */ |
b076a3fd ZD |
393 | HOST_WIDE_INT *delta; /* Offset of the memory reference. */ |
394 | }; | |
395 | ||
396 | /* Analyzes a single INDEX of a memory reference to obtain information | |
397 | described at analyze_ref. Callback for for_each_index. */ | |
398 | ||
399 | static bool | |
400 | idx_analyze_ref (tree base, tree *index, void *data) | |
401 | { | |
c22940cd | 402 | struct ar_data *ar_data = (struct ar_data *) data; |
b076a3fd | 403 | tree ibase, step, stepsize; |
81f32326 | 404 | HOST_WIDE_INT idelta = 0, imult = 1; |
b076a3fd ZD |
405 | affine_iv iv; |
406 | ||
407 | if (TREE_CODE (base) == MISALIGNED_INDIRECT_REF | |
408 | || TREE_CODE (base) == ALIGN_INDIRECT_REF) | |
409 | return false; | |
410 | ||
f017bf5e | 411 | if (!simple_iv (ar_data->loop, loop_containing_stmt (ar_data->stmt), |
81f32326 | 412 | *index, &iv, true)) |
b076a3fd ZD |
413 | return false; |
414 | ibase = iv.base; | |
415 | step = iv.step; | |
416 | ||
5be014d5 | 417 | if (TREE_CODE (ibase) == POINTER_PLUS_EXPR |
b076a3fd ZD |
418 | && cst_and_fits_in_hwi (TREE_OPERAND (ibase, 1))) |
419 | { | |
420 | idelta = int_cst_value (TREE_OPERAND (ibase, 1)); | |
421 | ibase = TREE_OPERAND (ibase, 0); | |
422 | } | |
423 | if (cst_and_fits_in_hwi (ibase)) | |
424 | { | |
425 | idelta += int_cst_value (ibase); | |
ff5e9a94 | 426 | ibase = build_int_cst (TREE_TYPE (ibase), 0); |
b076a3fd ZD |
427 | } |
428 | ||
429 | if (TREE_CODE (base) == ARRAY_REF) | |
430 | { | |
431 | stepsize = array_ref_element_size (base); | |
432 | if (!cst_and_fits_in_hwi (stepsize)) | |
433 | return false; | |
434 | imult = int_cst_value (stepsize); | |
8fde8b40 CB |
435 | step = fold_build2 (MULT_EXPR, sizetype, |
436 | fold_convert (sizetype, step), | |
437 | fold_convert (sizetype, stepsize)); | |
b076a3fd ZD |
438 | idelta *= imult; |
439 | } | |
440 | ||
8fde8b40 CB |
441 | if (*ar_data->step == NULL_TREE) |
442 | *ar_data->step = step; | |
443 | else | |
444 | *ar_data->step = fold_build2 (PLUS_EXPR, sizetype, | |
445 | fold_convert (sizetype, *ar_data->step), | |
446 | fold_convert (sizetype, step)); | |
b076a3fd ZD |
447 | *ar_data->delta += idelta; |
448 | *index = ibase; | |
449 | ||
450 | return true; | |
451 | } | |
452 | ||
aac8b8ed | 453 | /* Tries to express REF_P in shape &BASE + STEP * iter + DELTA, where DELTA and |
b076a3fd | 454 | STEP are integer constants and iter is number of iterations of LOOP. The |
aac8b8ed RS |
455 | reference occurs in statement STMT. Strips nonaddressable component |
456 | references from REF_P. */ | |
b076a3fd ZD |
457 | |
458 | static bool | |
aac8b8ed | 459 | analyze_ref (struct loop *loop, tree *ref_p, tree *base, |
81f32326 | 460 | tree *step, HOST_WIDE_INT *delta, |
726a989a | 461 | gimple stmt) |
b076a3fd ZD |
462 | { |
463 | struct ar_data ar_data; | |
464 | tree off; | |
465 | HOST_WIDE_INT bit_offset; | |
aac8b8ed | 466 | tree ref = *ref_p; |
b076a3fd | 467 | |
81f32326 | 468 | *step = NULL_TREE; |
b076a3fd ZD |
469 | *delta = 0; |
470 | ||
471 | /* First strip off the component references. Ignore bitfields. */ | |
472 | if (TREE_CODE (ref) == COMPONENT_REF | |
473 | && DECL_NONADDRESSABLE_P (TREE_OPERAND (ref, 1))) | |
474 | ref = TREE_OPERAND (ref, 0); | |
475 | ||
aac8b8ed RS |
476 | *ref_p = ref; |
477 | ||
b076a3fd ZD |
478 | for (; TREE_CODE (ref) == COMPONENT_REF; ref = TREE_OPERAND (ref, 0)) |
479 | { | |
480 | off = DECL_FIELD_BIT_OFFSET (TREE_OPERAND (ref, 1)); | |
481 | bit_offset = TREE_INT_CST_LOW (off); | |
482 | gcc_assert (bit_offset % BITS_PER_UNIT == 0); | |
b8698a0f | 483 | |
b076a3fd ZD |
484 | *delta += bit_offset / BITS_PER_UNIT; |
485 | } | |
486 | ||
487 | *base = unshare_expr (ref); | |
488 | ar_data.loop = loop; | |
489 | ar_data.stmt = stmt; | |
490 | ar_data.step = step; | |
491 | ar_data.delta = delta; | |
492 | return for_each_index (base, idx_analyze_ref, &ar_data); | |
493 | } | |
494 | ||
495 | /* Record a memory reference REF to the list REFS. The reference occurs in | |
79f5e442 ZD |
496 | LOOP in statement STMT and it is write if WRITE_P. Returns true if the |
497 | reference was recorded, false otherwise. */ | |
b076a3fd | 498 | |
79f5e442 | 499 | static bool |
b076a3fd | 500 | gather_memory_references_ref (struct loop *loop, struct mem_ref_group **refs, |
726a989a | 501 | tree ref, bool write_p, gimple stmt) |
b076a3fd | 502 | { |
81f32326 CB |
503 | tree base, step; |
504 | HOST_WIDE_INT delta; | |
b076a3fd ZD |
505 | struct mem_ref_group *agrp; |
506 | ||
a80a2701 JJ |
507 | if (get_base_address (ref) == NULL) |
508 | return false; | |
509 | ||
aac8b8ed | 510 | if (!analyze_ref (loop, &ref, &base, &step, &delta, stmt)) |
79f5e442 | 511 | return false; |
81f32326 CB |
512 | /* If analyze_ref fails the default is a NULL_TREE. We can stop here. */ |
513 | if (step == NULL_TREE) | |
514 | return false; | |
b076a3fd | 515 | |
50814135 CF |
516 | /* Limit non-constant step prefetching only to the innermost loops. */ |
517 | if (!cst_and_fits_in_hwi (step) && loop->inner != NULL) | |
518 | return false; | |
519 | ||
b076a3fd ZD |
520 | /* Now we know that REF = &BASE + STEP * iter + DELTA, where DELTA and STEP |
521 | are integer constants. */ | |
522 | agrp = find_or_create_group (refs, base, step); | |
523 | record_ref (agrp, stmt, ref, delta, write_p); | |
79f5e442 ZD |
524 | |
525 | return true; | |
b076a3fd ZD |
526 | } |
527 | ||
79f5e442 ZD |
528 | /* Record the suitable memory references in LOOP. NO_OTHER_REFS is set to |
529 | true if there are no other memory references inside the loop. */ | |
b076a3fd ZD |
530 | |
531 | static struct mem_ref_group * | |
db34470d | 532 | gather_memory_references (struct loop *loop, bool *no_other_refs, unsigned *ref_count) |
b076a3fd ZD |
533 | { |
534 | basic_block *body = get_loop_body_in_dom_order (loop); | |
535 | basic_block bb; | |
536 | unsigned i; | |
726a989a RB |
537 | gimple_stmt_iterator bsi; |
538 | gimple stmt; | |
539 | tree lhs, rhs; | |
b076a3fd ZD |
540 | struct mem_ref_group *refs = NULL; |
541 | ||
79f5e442 | 542 | *no_other_refs = true; |
db34470d | 543 | *ref_count = 0; |
79f5e442 | 544 | |
b076a3fd ZD |
545 | /* Scan the loop body in order, so that the former references precede the |
546 | later ones. */ | |
547 | for (i = 0; i < loop->num_nodes; i++) | |
548 | { | |
549 | bb = body[i]; | |
550 | if (bb->loop_father != loop) | |
551 | continue; | |
552 | ||
726a989a | 553 | for (bsi = gsi_start_bb (bb); !gsi_end_p (bsi); gsi_next (&bsi)) |
b076a3fd | 554 | { |
726a989a | 555 | stmt = gsi_stmt (bsi); |
79f5e442 | 556 | |
726a989a | 557 | if (gimple_code (stmt) != GIMPLE_ASSIGN) |
79f5e442 | 558 | { |
5006671f | 559 | if (gimple_vuse (stmt) |
726a989a RB |
560 | || (is_gimple_call (stmt) |
561 | && !(gimple_call_flags (stmt) & ECF_CONST))) | |
79f5e442 ZD |
562 | *no_other_refs = false; |
563 | continue; | |
564 | } | |
b076a3fd | 565 | |
726a989a RB |
566 | lhs = gimple_assign_lhs (stmt); |
567 | rhs = gimple_assign_rhs1 (stmt); | |
b076a3fd ZD |
568 | |
569 | if (REFERENCE_CLASS_P (rhs)) | |
db34470d | 570 | { |
79f5e442 ZD |
571 | *no_other_refs &= gather_memory_references_ref (loop, &refs, |
572 | rhs, false, stmt); | |
db34470d GS |
573 | *ref_count += 1; |
574 | } | |
b076a3fd | 575 | if (REFERENCE_CLASS_P (lhs)) |
db34470d | 576 | { |
79f5e442 ZD |
577 | *no_other_refs &= gather_memory_references_ref (loop, &refs, |
578 | lhs, true, stmt); | |
db34470d GS |
579 | *ref_count += 1; |
580 | } | |
b076a3fd ZD |
581 | } |
582 | } | |
583 | free (body); | |
584 | ||
585 | return refs; | |
586 | } | |
587 | ||
588 | /* Prune the prefetch candidate REF using the self-reuse. */ | |
589 | ||
590 | static void | |
591 | prune_ref_by_self_reuse (struct mem_ref *ref) | |
592 | { | |
81f32326 CB |
593 | HOST_WIDE_INT step; |
594 | bool backward; | |
595 | ||
596 | /* If the step size is non constant, we cannot calculate prefetch_mod. */ | |
597 | if (!cst_and_fits_in_hwi (ref->group->step)) | |
598 | return; | |
599 | ||
600 | step = int_cst_value (ref->group->step); | |
601 | ||
602 | backward = step < 0; | |
b076a3fd ZD |
603 | |
604 | if (step == 0) | |
605 | { | |
606 | /* Prefetch references to invariant address just once. */ | |
607 | ref->prefetch_before = 1; | |
608 | return; | |
609 | } | |
610 | ||
611 | if (backward) | |
612 | step = -step; | |
613 | ||
614 | if (step > PREFETCH_BLOCK) | |
615 | return; | |
616 | ||
617 | if ((backward && HAVE_BACKWARD_PREFETCH) | |
618 | || (!backward && HAVE_FORWARD_PREFETCH)) | |
619 | { | |
620 | ref->prefetch_before = 1; | |
621 | return; | |
622 | } | |
623 | ||
624 | ref->prefetch_mod = PREFETCH_BLOCK / step; | |
625 | } | |
626 | ||
627 | /* Divides X by BY, rounding down. */ | |
628 | ||
629 | static HOST_WIDE_INT | |
630 | ddown (HOST_WIDE_INT x, unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT by) | |
631 | { | |
632 | gcc_assert (by > 0); | |
633 | ||
634 | if (x >= 0) | |
635 | return x / by; | |
636 | else | |
637 | return (x + by - 1) / by; | |
638 | } | |
639 | ||
b8698a0f L |
640 | /* Given a CACHE_LINE_SIZE and two inductive memory references |
641 | with a common STEP greater than CACHE_LINE_SIZE and an address | |
642 | difference DELTA, compute the probability that they will fall | |
643 | in different cache lines. DISTINCT_ITERS is the number of | |
644 | distinct iterations after which the pattern repeats itself. | |
2c6dd136 GS |
645 | ALIGN_UNIT is the unit of alignment in bytes. */ |
646 | ||
647 | static int | |
b8698a0f | 648 | compute_miss_rate (unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT cache_line_size, |
2c6dd136 GS |
649 | HOST_WIDE_INT step, HOST_WIDE_INT delta, |
650 | unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT distinct_iters, | |
651 | int align_unit) | |
652 | { | |
653 | unsigned align, iter; | |
654 | int total_positions, miss_positions, miss_rate; | |
655 | int address1, address2, cache_line1, cache_line2; | |
656 | ||
657 | total_positions = 0; | |
658 | miss_positions = 0; | |
b8698a0f | 659 | |
2c6dd136 GS |
660 | /* Iterate through all possible alignments of the first |
661 | memory reference within its cache line. */ | |
662 | for (align = 0; align < cache_line_size; align += align_unit) | |
663 | ||
664 | /* Iterate through all distinct iterations. */ | |
665 | for (iter = 0; iter < distinct_iters; iter++) | |
666 | { | |
667 | address1 = align + step * iter; | |
668 | address2 = address1 + delta; | |
669 | cache_line1 = address1 / cache_line_size; | |
670 | cache_line2 = address2 / cache_line_size; | |
671 | total_positions += 1; | |
672 | if (cache_line1 != cache_line2) | |
673 | miss_positions += 1; | |
674 | } | |
675 | miss_rate = 1000 * miss_positions / total_positions; | |
676 | return miss_rate; | |
677 | } | |
678 | ||
b076a3fd ZD |
679 | /* Prune the prefetch candidate REF using the reuse with BY. |
680 | If BY_IS_BEFORE is true, BY is before REF in the loop. */ | |
681 | ||
682 | static void | |
683 | prune_ref_by_group_reuse (struct mem_ref *ref, struct mem_ref *by, | |
684 | bool by_is_before) | |
685 | { | |
81f32326 CB |
686 | HOST_WIDE_INT step; |
687 | bool backward; | |
b076a3fd ZD |
688 | HOST_WIDE_INT delta_r = ref->delta, delta_b = by->delta; |
689 | HOST_WIDE_INT delta = delta_b - delta_r; | |
690 | HOST_WIDE_INT hit_from; | |
691 | unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT prefetch_before, prefetch_block; | |
2c6dd136 GS |
692 | int miss_rate; |
693 | HOST_WIDE_INT reduced_step; | |
694 | unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT reduced_prefetch_block; | |
695 | tree ref_type; | |
696 | int align_unit; | |
b076a3fd | 697 | |
81f32326 CB |
698 | /* If the step is non constant we cannot calculate prefetch_before. */ |
699 | if (!cst_and_fits_in_hwi (ref->group->step)) { | |
700 | return; | |
701 | } | |
702 | ||
703 | step = int_cst_value (ref->group->step); | |
704 | ||
705 | backward = step < 0; | |
706 | ||
707 | ||
b076a3fd ZD |
708 | if (delta == 0) |
709 | { | |
710 | /* If the references has the same address, only prefetch the | |
711 | former. */ | |
712 | if (by_is_before) | |
713 | ref->prefetch_before = 0; | |
b8698a0f | 714 | |
b076a3fd ZD |
715 | return; |
716 | } | |
717 | ||
718 | if (!step) | |
719 | { | |
720 | /* If the reference addresses are invariant and fall into the | |
721 | same cache line, prefetch just the first one. */ | |
722 | if (!by_is_before) | |
723 | return; | |
724 | ||
725 | if (ddown (ref->delta, PREFETCH_BLOCK) | |
726 | != ddown (by->delta, PREFETCH_BLOCK)) | |
727 | return; | |
728 | ||
729 | ref->prefetch_before = 0; | |
730 | return; | |
731 | } | |
732 | ||
733 | /* Only prune the reference that is behind in the array. */ | |
734 | if (backward) | |
735 | { | |
736 | if (delta > 0) | |
737 | return; | |
738 | ||
739 | /* Transform the data so that we may assume that the accesses | |
740 | are forward. */ | |
741 | delta = - delta; | |
742 | step = -step; | |
743 | delta_r = PREFETCH_BLOCK - 1 - delta_r; | |
744 | delta_b = PREFETCH_BLOCK - 1 - delta_b; | |
745 | } | |
746 | else | |
747 | { | |
748 | if (delta < 0) | |
749 | return; | |
750 | } | |
751 | ||
752 | /* Check whether the two references are likely to hit the same cache | |
753 | line, and how distant the iterations in that it occurs are from | |
754 | each other. */ | |
755 | ||
756 | if (step <= PREFETCH_BLOCK) | |
757 | { | |
758 | /* The accesses are sure to meet. Let us check when. */ | |
759 | hit_from = ddown (delta_b, PREFETCH_BLOCK) * PREFETCH_BLOCK; | |
760 | prefetch_before = (hit_from - delta_r + step - 1) / step; | |
761 | ||
57762e97 | 762 | /* Do not reduce prefetch_before if we meet beyond cache size. */ |
e972cc7e | 763 | if (prefetch_before > (unsigned) abs (L2_CACHE_SIZE_BYTES / step)) |
57762e97 | 764 | prefetch_before = PREFETCH_ALL; |
b076a3fd ZD |
765 | if (prefetch_before < ref->prefetch_before) |
766 | ref->prefetch_before = prefetch_before; | |
767 | ||
768 | return; | |
769 | } | |
770 | ||
b8698a0f | 771 | /* A more complicated case with step > prefetch_block. First reduce |
2c6dd136 | 772 | the ratio between the step and the cache line size to its simplest |
b8698a0f L |
773 | terms. The resulting denominator will then represent the number of |
774 | distinct iterations after which each address will go back to its | |
775 | initial location within the cache line. This computation assumes | |
2c6dd136 | 776 | that PREFETCH_BLOCK is a power of two. */ |
b076a3fd | 777 | prefetch_block = PREFETCH_BLOCK; |
2c6dd136 GS |
778 | reduced_prefetch_block = prefetch_block; |
779 | reduced_step = step; | |
780 | while ((reduced_step & 1) == 0 | |
781 | && reduced_prefetch_block > 1) | |
b076a3fd | 782 | { |
2c6dd136 GS |
783 | reduced_step >>= 1; |
784 | reduced_prefetch_block >>= 1; | |
b076a3fd ZD |
785 | } |
786 | ||
b076a3fd ZD |
787 | prefetch_before = delta / step; |
788 | delta %= step; | |
2c6dd136 GS |
789 | ref_type = TREE_TYPE (ref->mem); |
790 | align_unit = TYPE_ALIGN (ref_type) / 8; | |
b8698a0f | 791 | miss_rate = compute_miss_rate(prefetch_block, step, delta, |
2c6dd136 GS |
792 | reduced_prefetch_block, align_unit); |
793 | if (miss_rate <= ACCEPTABLE_MISS_RATE) | |
b076a3fd | 794 | { |
57762e97 CB |
795 | /* Do not reduce prefetch_before if we meet beyond cache size. */ |
796 | if (prefetch_before > L2_CACHE_SIZE_BYTES / PREFETCH_BLOCK) | |
797 | prefetch_before = PREFETCH_ALL; | |
b076a3fd ZD |
798 | if (prefetch_before < ref->prefetch_before) |
799 | ref->prefetch_before = prefetch_before; | |
800 | ||
801 | return; | |
802 | } | |
803 | ||
804 | /* Try also the following iteration. */ | |
805 | prefetch_before++; | |
806 | delta = step - delta; | |
b8698a0f | 807 | miss_rate = compute_miss_rate(prefetch_block, step, delta, |
2c6dd136 | 808 | reduced_prefetch_block, align_unit); |
b8698a0f | 809 | if (miss_rate <= ACCEPTABLE_MISS_RATE) |
b076a3fd ZD |
810 | { |
811 | if (prefetch_before < ref->prefetch_before) | |
812 | ref->prefetch_before = prefetch_before; | |
813 | ||
814 | return; | |
815 | } | |
816 | ||
817 | /* The ref probably does not reuse by. */ | |
818 | return; | |
819 | } | |
820 | ||
821 | /* Prune the prefetch candidate REF using the reuses with other references | |
822 | in REFS. */ | |
823 | ||
824 | static void | |
825 | prune_ref_by_reuse (struct mem_ref *ref, struct mem_ref *refs) | |
826 | { | |
827 | struct mem_ref *prune_by; | |
828 | bool before = true; | |
829 | ||
830 | prune_ref_by_self_reuse (ref); | |
831 | ||
832 | for (prune_by = refs; prune_by; prune_by = prune_by->next) | |
833 | { | |
834 | if (prune_by == ref) | |
835 | { | |
836 | before = false; | |
837 | continue; | |
838 | } | |
839 | ||
840 | if (!WRITE_CAN_USE_READ_PREFETCH | |
841 | && ref->write_p | |
842 | && !prune_by->write_p) | |
843 | continue; | |
844 | if (!READ_CAN_USE_WRITE_PREFETCH | |
845 | && !ref->write_p | |
846 | && prune_by->write_p) | |
847 | continue; | |
848 | ||
849 | prune_ref_by_group_reuse (ref, prune_by, before); | |
850 | } | |
851 | } | |
852 | ||
853 | /* Prune the prefetch candidates in GROUP using the reuse analysis. */ | |
854 | ||
855 | static void | |
856 | prune_group_by_reuse (struct mem_ref_group *group) | |
857 | { | |
858 | struct mem_ref *ref_pruned; | |
859 | ||
860 | for (ref_pruned = group->refs; ref_pruned; ref_pruned = ref_pruned->next) | |
861 | { | |
862 | prune_ref_by_reuse (ref_pruned, group->refs); | |
863 | ||
864 | if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS)) | |
865 | { | |
866 | fprintf (dump_file, "Reference %p:", (void *) ref_pruned); | |
867 | ||
868 | if (ref_pruned->prefetch_before == PREFETCH_ALL | |
869 | && ref_pruned->prefetch_mod == 1) | |
870 | fprintf (dump_file, " no restrictions"); | |
871 | else if (ref_pruned->prefetch_before == 0) | |
872 | fprintf (dump_file, " do not prefetch"); | |
873 | else if (ref_pruned->prefetch_before <= ref_pruned->prefetch_mod) | |
874 | fprintf (dump_file, " prefetch once"); | |
875 | else | |
876 | { | |
877 | if (ref_pruned->prefetch_before != PREFETCH_ALL) | |
878 | { | |
879 | fprintf (dump_file, " prefetch before "); | |
880 | fprintf (dump_file, HOST_WIDE_INT_PRINT_DEC, | |
881 | ref_pruned->prefetch_before); | |
882 | } | |
883 | if (ref_pruned->prefetch_mod != 1) | |
884 | { | |
885 | fprintf (dump_file, " prefetch mod "); | |
886 | fprintf (dump_file, HOST_WIDE_INT_PRINT_DEC, | |
887 | ref_pruned->prefetch_mod); | |
888 | } | |
889 | } | |
890 | fprintf (dump_file, "\n"); | |
891 | } | |
892 | } | |
893 | } | |
894 | ||
895 | /* Prune the list of prefetch candidates GROUPS using the reuse analysis. */ | |
896 | ||
897 | static void | |
898 | prune_by_reuse (struct mem_ref_group *groups) | |
899 | { | |
900 | for (; groups; groups = groups->next) | |
901 | prune_group_by_reuse (groups); | |
902 | } | |
903 | ||
904 | /* Returns true if we should issue prefetch for REF. */ | |
905 | ||
906 | static bool | |
907 | should_issue_prefetch_p (struct mem_ref *ref) | |
908 | { | |
909 | /* For now do not issue prefetches for only first few of the | |
910 | iterations. */ | |
911 | if (ref->prefetch_before != PREFETCH_ALL) | |
a8beb3a7 CB |
912 | { |
913 | if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS)) | |
914 | fprintf (dump_file, "Ignoring %p due to prefetch_before\n", | |
915 | (void *) ref); | |
916 | return false; | |
917 | } | |
b076a3fd | 918 | |
79f5e442 ZD |
919 | /* Do not prefetch nontemporal stores. */ |
920 | if (ref->storent_p) | |
a8beb3a7 CB |
921 | { |
922 | if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS)) | |
923 | fprintf (dump_file, "Ignoring nontemporal store %p\n", (void *) ref); | |
924 | return false; | |
925 | } | |
79f5e442 | 926 | |
b076a3fd ZD |
927 | return true; |
928 | } | |
929 | ||
930 | /* Decide which of the prefetch candidates in GROUPS to prefetch. | |
931 | AHEAD is the number of iterations to prefetch ahead (which corresponds | |
932 | to the number of simultaneous instances of one prefetch running at a | |
933 | time). UNROLL_FACTOR is the factor by that the loop is going to be | |
934 | unrolled. Returns true if there is anything to prefetch. */ | |
935 | ||
936 | static bool | |
937 | schedule_prefetches (struct mem_ref_group *groups, unsigned unroll_factor, | |
938 | unsigned ahead) | |
939 | { | |
911b3fdb ZD |
940 | unsigned remaining_prefetch_slots, n_prefetches, prefetch_slots; |
941 | unsigned slots_per_prefetch; | |
b076a3fd ZD |
942 | struct mem_ref *ref; |
943 | bool any = false; | |
944 | ||
911b3fdb ZD |
945 | /* At most SIMULTANEOUS_PREFETCHES should be running at the same time. */ |
946 | remaining_prefetch_slots = SIMULTANEOUS_PREFETCHES; | |
b076a3fd | 947 | |
911b3fdb ZD |
948 | /* The prefetch will run for AHEAD iterations of the original loop, i.e., |
949 | AHEAD / UNROLL_FACTOR iterations of the unrolled loop. In each iteration, | |
950 | it will need a prefetch slot. */ | |
951 | slots_per_prefetch = (ahead + unroll_factor / 2) / unroll_factor; | |
b076a3fd | 952 | if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS)) |
911b3fdb ZD |
953 | fprintf (dump_file, "Each prefetch instruction takes %u prefetch slots.\n", |
954 | slots_per_prefetch); | |
b076a3fd ZD |
955 | |
956 | /* For now we just take memory references one by one and issue | |
957 | prefetches for as many as possible. The groups are sorted | |
958 | starting with the largest step, since the references with | |
c0220ea4 | 959 | large step are more likely to cause many cache misses. */ |
b076a3fd ZD |
960 | |
961 | for (; groups; groups = groups->next) | |
962 | for (ref = groups->refs; ref; ref = ref->next) | |
963 | { | |
964 | if (!should_issue_prefetch_p (ref)) | |
965 | continue; | |
966 | ||
8532678c CF |
967 | /* The loop is far from being sufficiently unrolled for this |
968 | prefetch. Do not generate prefetch to avoid many redudant | |
969 | prefetches. */ | |
970 | if (ref->prefetch_mod / unroll_factor > PREFETCH_MOD_TO_UNROLL_FACTOR_RATIO) | |
971 | continue; | |
972 | ||
911b3fdb ZD |
973 | /* If we need to prefetch the reference each PREFETCH_MOD iterations, |
974 | and we unroll the loop UNROLL_FACTOR times, we need to insert | |
975 | ceil (UNROLL_FACTOR / PREFETCH_MOD) instructions in each | |
976 | iteration. */ | |
b076a3fd ZD |
977 | n_prefetches = ((unroll_factor + ref->prefetch_mod - 1) |
978 | / ref->prefetch_mod); | |
911b3fdb ZD |
979 | prefetch_slots = n_prefetches * slots_per_prefetch; |
980 | ||
981 | /* If more than half of the prefetches would be lost anyway, do not | |
982 | issue the prefetch. */ | |
983 | if (2 * remaining_prefetch_slots < prefetch_slots) | |
984 | continue; | |
985 | ||
986 | ref->issue_prefetch_p = true; | |
b076a3fd | 987 | |
911b3fdb ZD |
988 | if (remaining_prefetch_slots <= prefetch_slots) |
989 | return true; | |
990 | remaining_prefetch_slots -= prefetch_slots; | |
b076a3fd ZD |
991 | any = true; |
992 | } | |
993 | ||
994 | return any; | |
995 | } | |
996 | ||
d5058523 CF |
997 | /* Return TRUE if no prefetch is going to be generated in the given |
998 | GROUPS. */ | |
999 | ||
1000 | static bool | |
1001 | nothing_to_prefetch_p (struct mem_ref_group *groups) | |
1002 | { | |
1003 | struct mem_ref *ref; | |
1004 | ||
1005 | for (; groups; groups = groups->next) | |
1006 | for (ref = groups->refs; ref; ref = ref->next) | |
1007 | if (should_issue_prefetch_p (ref)) | |
1008 | return false; | |
1009 | ||
1010 | return true; | |
1011 | } | |
1012 | ||
1013 | /* Estimate the number of prefetches in the given GROUPS. | |
1014 | UNROLL_FACTOR is the factor by which LOOP was unrolled. */ | |
b076a3fd | 1015 | |
db34470d | 1016 | static int |
d5058523 | 1017 | estimate_prefetch_count (struct mem_ref_group *groups, unsigned unroll_factor) |
b076a3fd ZD |
1018 | { |
1019 | struct mem_ref *ref; | |
d5058523 | 1020 | unsigned n_prefetches; |
db34470d | 1021 | int prefetch_count = 0; |
b076a3fd ZD |
1022 | |
1023 | for (; groups; groups = groups->next) | |
1024 | for (ref = groups->refs; ref; ref = ref->next) | |
1025 | if (should_issue_prefetch_p (ref)) | |
d5058523 CF |
1026 | { |
1027 | n_prefetches = ((unroll_factor + ref->prefetch_mod - 1) | |
1028 | / ref->prefetch_mod); | |
1029 | prefetch_count += n_prefetches; | |
1030 | } | |
b076a3fd | 1031 | |
db34470d | 1032 | return prefetch_count; |
b076a3fd ZD |
1033 | } |
1034 | ||
1035 | /* Issue prefetches for the reference REF into loop as decided before. | |
1036 | HEAD is the number of iterations to prefetch ahead. UNROLL_FACTOR | |
917f1b7e | 1037 | is the factor by which LOOP was unrolled. */ |
b076a3fd ZD |
1038 | |
1039 | static void | |
1040 | issue_prefetch_ref (struct mem_ref *ref, unsigned unroll_factor, unsigned ahead) | |
1041 | { | |
1042 | HOST_WIDE_INT delta; | |
81f32326 | 1043 | tree addr, addr_base, write_p, local, forward; |
726a989a RB |
1044 | gimple prefetch; |
1045 | gimple_stmt_iterator bsi; | |
b076a3fd | 1046 | unsigned n_prefetches, ap; |
5417e022 | 1047 | bool nontemporal = ref->reuse_distance >= L2_CACHE_SIZE_BYTES; |
b076a3fd ZD |
1048 | |
1049 | if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS)) | |
5417e022 ZD |
1050 | fprintf (dump_file, "Issued%s prefetch for %p.\n", |
1051 | nontemporal ? " nontemporal" : "", | |
1052 | (void *) ref); | |
b076a3fd | 1053 | |
726a989a | 1054 | bsi = gsi_for_stmt (ref->stmt); |
b076a3fd ZD |
1055 | |
1056 | n_prefetches = ((unroll_factor + ref->prefetch_mod - 1) | |
1057 | / ref->prefetch_mod); | |
1058 | addr_base = build_fold_addr_expr_with_type (ref->mem, ptr_type_node); | |
726a989a RB |
1059 | addr_base = force_gimple_operand_gsi (&bsi, unshare_expr (addr_base), |
1060 | true, NULL, true, GSI_SAME_STMT); | |
911b3fdb | 1061 | write_p = ref->write_p ? integer_one_node : integer_zero_node; |
5417e022 | 1062 | local = build_int_cst (integer_type_node, nontemporal ? 0 : 3); |
b076a3fd ZD |
1063 | |
1064 | for (ap = 0; ap < n_prefetches; ap++) | |
1065 | { | |
81f32326 CB |
1066 | if (cst_and_fits_in_hwi (ref->group->step)) |
1067 | { | |
1068 | /* Determine the address to prefetch. */ | |
1069 | delta = (ahead + ap * ref->prefetch_mod) * | |
1070 | int_cst_value (ref->group->step); | |
1071 | addr = fold_build2 (POINTER_PLUS_EXPR, ptr_type_node, | |
1072 | addr_base, size_int (delta)); | |
1073 | addr = force_gimple_operand_gsi (&bsi, unshare_expr (addr), true, NULL, | |
1074 | true, GSI_SAME_STMT); | |
1075 | } | |
1076 | else | |
1077 | { | |
1078 | /* The step size is non-constant but loop-invariant. We use the | |
1079 | heuristic to simply prefetch ahead iterations ahead. */ | |
1080 | forward = fold_build2 (MULT_EXPR, sizetype, | |
1081 | fold_convert (sizetype, ref->group->step), | |
1082 | fold_convert (sizetype, size_int (ahead))); | |
1083 | addr = fold_build2 (POINTER_PLUS_EXPR, ptr_type_node, addr_base, | |
1084 | forward); | |
1085 | addr = force_gimple_operand_gsi (&bsi, unshare_expr (addr), true, | |
1086 | NULL, true, GSI_SAME_STMT); | |
1087 | } | |
b076a3fd | 1088 | /* Create the prefetch instruction. */ |
726a989a RB |
1089 | prefetch = gimple_build_call (built_in_decls[BUILT_IN_PREFETCH], |
1090 | 3, addr, write_p, local); | |
1091 | gsi_insert_before (&bsi, prefetch, GSI_SAME_STMT); | |
b076a3fd ZD |
1092 | } |
1093 | } | |
1094 | ||
1095 | /* Issue prefetches for the references in GROUPS into loop as decided before. | |
1096 | HEAD is the number of iterations to prefetch ahead. UNROLL_FACTOR is the | |
1097 | factor by that LOOP was unrolled. */ | |
1098 | ||
1099 | static void | |
1100 | issue_prefetches (struct mem_ref_group *groups, | |
1101 | unsigned unroll_factor, unsigned ahead) | |
1102 | { | |
1103 | struct mem_ref *ref; | |
1104 | ||
1105 | for (; groups; groups = groups->next) | |
1106 | for (ref = groups->refs; ref; ref = ref->next) | |
1107 | if (ref->issue_prefetch_p) | |
1108 | issue_prefetch_ref (ref, unroll_factor, ahead); | |
1109 | } | |
1110 | ||
79f5e442 ZD |
1111 | /* Returns true if REF is a memory write for that a nontemporal store insn |
1112 | can be used. */ | |
1113 | ||
1114 | static bool | |
1115 | nontemporal_store_p (struct mem_ref *ref) | |
1116 | { | |
1117 | enum machine_mode mode; | |
1118 | enum insn_code code; | |
1119 | ||
1120 | /* REF must be a write that is not reused. We require it to be independent | |
1121 | on all other memory references in the loop, as the nontemporal stores may | |
1122 | be reordered with respect to other memory references. */ | |
1123 | if (!ref->write_p | |
1124 | || !ref->independent_p | |
1125 | || ref->reuse_distance < L2_CACHE_SIZE_BYTES) | |
1126 | return false; | |
1127 | ||
1128 | /* Check that we have the storent instruction for the mode. */ | |
1129 | mode = TYPE_MODE (TREE_TYPE (ref->mem)); | |
1130 | if (mode == BLKmode) | |
1131 | return false; | |
1132 | ||
166cdb08 | 1133 | code = optab_handler (storent_optab, mode)->insn_code; |
79f5e442 ZD |
1134 | return code != CODE_FOR_nothing; |
1135 | } | |
1136 | ||
1137 | /* If REF is a nontemporal store, we mark the corresponding modify statement | |
1138 | and return true. Otherwise, we return false. */ | |
1139 | ||
1140 | static bool | |
1141 | mark_nontemporal_store (struct mem_ref *ref) | |
1142 | { | |
1143 | if (!nontemporal_store_p (ref)) | |
1144 | return false; | |
1145 | ||
1146 | if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS)) | |
1147 | fprintf (dump_file, "Marked reference %p as a nontemporal store.\n", | |
1148 | (void *) ref); | |
1149 | ||
726a989a | 1150 | gimple_assign_set_nontemporal_move (ref->stmt, true); |
79f5e442 ZD |
1151 | ref->storent_p = true; |
1152 | ||
1153 | return true; | |
1154 | } | |
1155 | ||
1156 | /* Issue a memory fence instruction after LOOP. */ | |
1157 | ||
1158 | static void | |
1159 | emit_mfence_after_loop (struct loop *loop) | |
1160 | { | |
1161 | VEC (edge, heap) *exits = get_loop_exit_edges (loop); | |
1162 | edge exit; | |
726a989a RB |
1163 | gimple call; |
1164 | gimple_stmt_iterator bsi; | |
79f5e442 ZD |
1165 | unsigned i; |
1166 | ||
1167 | for (i = 0; VEC_iterate (edge, exits, i, exit); i++) | |
1168 | { | |
726a989a | 1169 | call = gimple_build_call (FENCE_FOLLOWING_MOVNT, 0); |
79f5e442 ZD |
1170 | |
1171 | if (!single_pred_p (exit->dest) | |
1172 | /* If possible, we prefer not to insert the fence on other paths | |
1173 | in cfg. */ | |
1174 | && !(exit->flags & EDGE_ABNORMAL)) | |
1175 | split_loop_exit_edge (exit); | |
726a989a | 1176 | bsi = gsi_after_labels (exit->dest); |
79f5e442 | 1177 | |
726a989a | 1178 | gsi_insert_before (&bsi, call, GSI_NEW_STMT); |
79f5e442 ZD |
1179 | mark_virtual_ops_for_renaming (call); |
1180 | } | |
1181 | ||
1182 | VEC_free (edge, heap, exits); | |
1183 | update_ssa (TODO_update_ssa_only_virtuals); | |
1184 | } | |
1185 | ||
1186 | /* Returns true if we can use storent in loop, false otherwise. */ | |
1187 | ||
1188 | static bool | |
1189 | may_use_storent_in_loop_p (struct loop *loop) | |
1190 | { | |
1191 | bool ret = true; | |
1192 | ||
1193 | if (loop->inner != NULL) | |
1194 | return false; | |
1195 | ||
1196 | /* If we must issue a mfence insn after using storent, check that there | |
1197 | is a suitable place for it at each of the loop exits. */ | |
1198 | if (FENCE_FOLLOWING_MOVNT != NULL_TREE) | |
1199 | { | |
1200 | VEC (edge, heap) *exits = get_loop_exit_edges (loop); | |
1201 | unsigned i; | |
1202 | edge exit; | |
1203 | ||
1204 | for (i = 0; VEC_iterate (edge, exits, i, exit); i++) | |
1205 | if ((exit->flags & EDGE_ABNORMAL) | |
1206 | && exit->dest == EXIT_BLOCK_PTR) | |
1207 | ret = false; | |
1208 | ||
1209 | VEC_free (edge, heap, exits); | |
1210 | } | |
1211 | ||
1212 | return ret; | |
1213 | } | |
1214 | ||
1215 | /* Marks nontemporal stores in LOOP. GROUPS contains the description of memory | |
1216 | references in the loop. */ | |
1217 | ||
1218 | static void | |
1219 | mark_nontemporal_stores (struct loop *loop, struct mem_ref_group *groups) | |
1220 | { | |
1221 | struct mem_ref *ref; | |
1222 | bool any = false; | |
1223 | ||
1224 | if (!may_use_storent_in_loop_p (loop)) | |
1225 | return; | |
1226 | ||
1227 | for (; groups; groups = groups->next) | |
1228 | for (ref = groups->refs; ref; ref = ref->next) | |
1229 | any |= mark_nontemporal_store (ref); | |
1230 | ||
1231 | if (any && FENCE_FOLLOWING_MOVNT != NULL_TREE) | |
1232 | emit_mfence_after_loop (loop); | |
1233 | } | |
1234 | ||
b076a3fd ZD |
1235 | /* Determines whether we can profitably unroll LOOP FACTOR times, and if |
1236 | this is the case, fill in DESC by the description of number of | |
1237 | iterations. */ | |
1238 | ||
1239 | static bool | |
1240 | should_unroll_loop_p (struct loop *loop, struct tree_niter_desc *desc, | |
1241 | unsigned factor) | |
1242 | { | |
1243 | if (!can_unroll_loop_p (loop, factor, desc)) | |
1244 | return false; | |
1245 | ||
1246 | /* We only consider loops without control flow for unrolling. This is not | |
1247 | a hard restriction -- tree_unroll_loop works with arbitrary loops | |
1248 | as well; but the unrolling/prefetching is usually more profitable for | |
1249 | loops consisting of a single basic block, and we want to limit the | |
1250 | code growth. */ | |
1251 | if (loop->num_nodes > 2) | |
1252 | return false; | |
1253 | ||
1254 | return true; | |
1255 | } | |
1256 | ||
1257 | /* Determine the coefficient by that unroll LOOP, from the information | |
1258 | contained in the list of memory references REFS. Description of | |
2711355f ZD |
1259 | umber of iterations of LOOP is stored to DESC. NINSNS is the number of |
1260 | insns of the LOOP. EST_NITER is the estimated number of iterations of | |
1261 | the loop, or -1 if no estimate is available. */ | |
b076a3fd ZD |
1262 | |
1263 | static unsigned | |
1264 | determine_unroll_factor (struct loop *loop, struct mem_ref_group *refs, | |
2711355f ZD |
1265 | unsigned ninsns, struct tree_niter_desc *desc, |
1266 | HOST_WIDE_INT est_niter) | |
b076a3fd | 1267 | { |
911b3fdb ZD |
1268 | unsigned upper_bound; |
1269 | unsigned nfactor, factor, mod_constraint; | |
b076a3fd ZD |
1270 | struct mem_ref_group *agp; |
1271 | struct mem_ref *ref; | |
1272 | ||
911b3fdb ZD |
1273 | /* First check whether the loop is not too large to unroll. We ignore |
1274 | PARAM_MAX_UNROLL_TIMES, because for small loops, it prevented us | |
1275 | from unrolling them enough to make exactly one cache line covered by each | |
1276 | iteration. Also, the goal of PARAM_MAX_UNROLL_TIMES is to prevent | |
1277 | us from unrolling the loops too many times in cases where we only expect | |
1278 | gains from better scheduling and decreasing loop overhead, which is not | |
1279 | the case here. */ | |
1280 | upper_bound = PARAM_VALUE (PARAM_MAX_UNROLLED_INSNS) / ninsns; | |
2711355f ZD |
1281 | |
1282 | /* If we unrolled the loop more times than it iterates, the unrolled version | |
1283 | of the loop would be never entered. */ | |
1284 | if (est_niter >= 0 && est_niter < (HOST_WIDE_INT) upper_bound) | |
1285 | upper_bound = est_niter; | |
1286 | ||
911b3fdb | 1287 | if (upper_bound <= 1) |
b076a3fd ZD |
1288 | return 1; |
1289 | ||
911b3fdb ZD |
1290 | /* Choose the factor so that we may prefetch each cache just once, |
1291 | but bound the unrolling by UPPER_BOUND. */ | |
1292 | factor = 1; | |
b076a3fd ZD |
1293 | for (agp = refs; agp; agp = agp->next) |
1294 | for (ref = agp->refs; ref; ref = ref->next) | |
911b3fdb ZD |
1295 | if (should_issue_prefetch_p (ref)) |
1296 | { | |
1297 | mod_constraint = ref->prefetch_mod; | |
1298 | nfactor = least_common_multiple (mod_constraint, factor); | |
1299 | if (nfactor <= upper_bound) | |
1300 | factor = nfactor; | |
1301 | } | |
b076a3fd ZD |
1302 | |
1303 | if (!should_unroll_loop_p (loop, desc, factor)) | |
1304 | return 1; | |
1305 | ||
1306 | return factor; | |
1307 | } | |
1308 | ||
5417e022 ZD |
1309 | /* Returns the total volume of the memory references REFS, taking into account |
1310 | reuses in the innermost loop and cache line size. TODO -- we should also | |
1311 | take into account reuses across the iterations of the loops in the loop | |
1312 | nest. */ | |
1313 | ||
1314 | static unsigned | |
1315 | volume_of_references (struct mem_ref_group *refs) | |
1316 | { | |
1317 | unsigned volume = 0; | |
1318 | struct mem_ref_group *gr; | |
1319 | struct mem_ref *ref; | |
1320 | ||
1321 | for (gr = refs; gr; gr = gr->next) | |
1322 | for (ref = gr->refs; ref; ref = ref->next) | |
1323 | { | |
1324 | /* Almost always reuses another value? */ | |
1325 | if (ref->prefetch_before != PREFETCH_ALL) | |
1326 | continue; | |
1327 | ||
1328 | /* If several iterations access the same cache line, use the size of | |
1329 | the line divided by this number. Otherwise, a cache line is | |
1330 | accessed in each iteration. TODO -- in the latter case, we should | |
1331 | take the size of the reference into account, rounding it up on cache | |
1332 | line size multiple. */ | |
1333 | volume += L1_CACHE_LINE_SIZE / ref->prefetch_mod; | |
1334 | } | |
1335 | return volume; | |
1336 | } | |
1337 | ||
1338 | /* Returns the volume of memory references accessed across VEC iterations of | |
1339 | loops, whose sizes are described in the LOOP_SIZES array. N is the number | |
1340 | of the loops in the nest (length of VEC and LOOP_SIZES vectors). */ | |
1341 | ||
1342 | static unsigned | |
1343 | volume_of_dist_vector (lambda_vector vec, unsigned *loop_sizes, unsigned n) | |
1344 | { | |
1345 | unsigned i; | |
1346 | ||
1347 | for (i = 0; i < n; i++) | |
1348 | if (vec[i] != 0) | |
1349 | break; | |
1350 | ||
1351 | if (i == n) | |
1352 | return 0; | |
1353 | ||
1354 | gcc_assert (vec[i] > 0); | |
1355 | ||
1356 | /* We ignore the parts of the distance vector in subloops, since usually | |
1357 | the numbers of iterations are much smaller. */ | |
1358 | return loop_sizes[i] * vec[i]; | |
1359 | } | |
1360 | ||
1361 | /* Add the steps of ACCESS_FN multiplied by STRIDE to the array STRIDE | |
1362 | at the position corresponding to the loop of the step. N is the depth | |
1363 | of the considered loop nest, and, LOOP is its innermost loop. */ | |
1364 | ||
1365 | static void | |
1366 | add_subscript_strides (tree access_fn, unsigned stride, | |
1367 | HOST_WIDE_INT *strides, unsigned n, struct loop *loop) | |
1368 | { | |
1369 | struct loop *aloop; | |
1370 | tree step; | |
1371 | HOST_WIDE_INT astep; | |
1372 | unsigned min_depth = loop_depth (loop) - n; | |
1373 | ||
1374 | while (TREE_CODE (access_fn) == POLYNOMIAL_CHREC) | |
1375 | { | |
1376 | aloop = get_chrec_loop (access_fn); | |
1377 | step = CHREC_RIGHT (access_fn); | |
1378 | access_fn = CHREC_LEFT (access_fn); | |
1379 | ||
1380 | if ((unsigned) loop_depth (aloop) <= min_depth) | |
1381 | continue; | |
1382 | ||
1383 | if (host_integerp (step, 0)) | |
1384 | astep = tree_low_cst (step, 0); | |
1385 | else | |
1386 | astep = L1_CACHE_LINE_SIZE; | |
1387 | ||
1388 | strides[n - 1 - loop_depth (loop) + loop_depth (aloop)] += astep * stride; | |
1389 | ||
1390 | } | |
1391 | } | |
1392 | ||
1393 | /* Returns the volume of memory references accessed between two consecutive | |
1394 | self-reuses of the reference DR. We consider the subscripts of DR in N | |
1395 | loops, and LOOP_SIZES contains the volumes of accesses in each of the | |
1396 | loops. LOOP is the innermost loop of the current loop nest. */ | |
1397 | ||
1398 | static unsigned | |
1399 | self_reuse_distance (data_reference_p dr, unsigned *loop_sizes, unsigned n, | |
1400 | struct loop *loop) | |
1401 | { | |
1402 | tree stride, access_fn; | |
1403 | HOST_WIDE_INT *strides, astride; | |
1404 | VEC (tree, heap) *access_fns; | |
1405 | tree ref = DR_REF (dr); | |
1406 | unsigned i, ret = ~0u; | |
1407 | ||
1408 | /* In the following example: | |
1409 | ||
1410 | for (i = 0; i < N; i++) | |
1411 | for (j = 0; j < N; j++) | |
1412 | use (a[j][i]); | |
1413 | the same cache line is accessed each N steps (except if the change from | |
1414 | i to i + 1 crosses the boundary of the cache line). Thus, for self-reuse, | |
1415 | we cannot rely purely on the results of the data dependence analysis. | |
1416 | ||
1417 | Instead, we compute the stride of the reference in each loop, and consider | |
1418 | the innermost loop in that the stride is less than cache size. */ | |
1419 | ||
1420 | strides = XCNEWVEC (HOST_WIDE_INT, n); | |
1421 | access_fns = DR_ACCESS_FNS (dr); | |
1422 | ||
1423 | for (i = 0; VEC_iterate (tree, access_fns, i, access_fn); i++) | |
1424 | { | |
1425 | /* Keep track of the reference corresponding to the subscript, so that we | |
1426 | know its stride. */ | |
1427 | while (handled_component_p (ref) && TREE_CODE (ref) != ARRAY_REF) | |
1428 | ref = TREE_OPERAND (ref, 0); | |
b8698a0f | 1429 | |
5417e022 ZD |
1430 | if (TREE_CODE (ref) == ARRAY_REF) |
1431 | { | |
1432 | stride = TYPE_SIZE_UNIT (TREE_TYPE (ref)); | |
1433 | if (host_integerp (stride, 1)) | |
1434 | astride = tree_low_cst (stride, 1); | |
1435 | else | |
1436 | astride = L1_CACHE_LINE_SIZE; | |
1437 | ||
1438 | ref = TREE_OPERAND (ref, 0); | |
1439 | } | |
1440 | else | |
1441 | astride = 1; | |
1442 | ||
1443 | add_subscript_strides (access_fn, astride, strides, n, loop); | |
1444 | } | |
1445 | ||
1446 | for (i = n; i-- > 0; ) | |
1447 | { | |
1448 | unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT s; | |
1449 | ||
1450 | s = strides[i] < 0 ? -strides[i] : strides[i]; | |
1451 | ||
1452 | if (s < (unsigned) L1_CACHE_LINE_SIZE | |
1453 | && (loop_sizes[i] | |
1454 | > (unsigned) (L1_CACHE_SIZE_BYTES / NONTEMPORAL_FRACTION))) | |
1455 | { | |
1456 | ret = loop_sizes[i]; | |
1457 | break; | |
1458 | } | |
1459 | } | |
1460 | ||
1461 | free (strides); | |
1462 | return ret; | |
1463 | } | |
1464 | ||
1465 | /* Determines the distance till the first reuse of each reference in REFS | |
79f5e442 ZD |
1466 | in the loop nest of LOOP. NO_OTHER_REFS is true if there are no other |
1467 | memory references in the loop. */ | |
5417e022 ZD |
1468 | |
1469 | static void | |
79f5e442 ZD |
1470 | determine_loop_nest_reuse (struct loop *loop, struct mem_ref_group *refs, |
1471 | bool no_other_refs) | |
5417e022 ZD |
1472 | { |
1473 | struct loop *nest, *aloop; | |
1474 | VEC (data_reference_p, heap) *datarefs = NULL; | |
1475 | VEC (ddr_p, heap) *dependences = NULL; | |
1476 | struct mem_ref_group *gr; | |
79f5e442 | 1477 | struct mem_ref *ref, *refb; |
5417e022 ZD |
1478 | VEC (loop_p, heap) *vloops = NULL; |
1479 | unsigned *loop_data_size; | |
1480 | unsigned i, j, n; | |
1481 | unsigned volume, dist, adist; | |
1482 | HOST_WIDE_INT vol; | |
1483 | data_reference_p dr; | |
1484 | ddr_p dep; | |
1485 | ||
1486 | if (loop->inner) | |
1487 | return; | |
1488 | ||
1489 | /* Find the outermost loop of the loop nest of loop (we require that | |
1490 | there are no sibling loops inside the nest). */ | |
1491 | nest = loop; | |
1492 | while (1) | |
1493 | { | |
1494 | aloop = loop_outer (nest); | |
1495 | ||
1496 | if (aloop == current_loops->tree_root | |
1497 | || aloop->inner->next) | |
1498 | break; | |
1499 | ||
1500 | nest = aloop; | |
1501 | } | |
1502 | ||
1503 | /* For each loop, determine the amount of data accessed in each iteration. | |
1504 | We use this to estimate whether the reference is evicted from the | |
1505 | cache before its reuse. */ | |
1506 | find_loop_nest (nest, &vloops); | |
1507 | n = VEC_length (loop_p, vloops); | |
1508 | loop_data_size = XNEWVEC (unsigned, n); | |
1509 | volume = volume_of_references (refs); | |
1510 | i = n; | |
1511 | while (i-- != 0) | |
1512 | { | |
1513 | loop_data_size[i] = volume; | |
1514 | /* Bound the volume by the L2 cache size, since above this bound, | |
1515 | all dependence distances are equivalent. */ | |
1516 | if (volume > L2_CACHE_SIZE_BYTES) | |
1517 | continue; | |
1518 | ||
1519 | aloop = VEC_index (loop_p, vloops, i); | |
1520 | vol = estimated_loop_iterations_int (aloop, false); | |
1521 | if (vol < 0) | |
1522 | vol = expected_loop_iterations (aloop); | |
1523 | volume *= vol; | |
1524 | } | |
1525 | ||
1526 | /* Prepare the references in the form suitable for data dependence | |
0d52bcc1 | 1527 | analysis. We ignore unanalyzable data references (the results |
5417e022 ZD |
1528 | are used just as a heuristics to estimate temporality of the |
1529 | references, hence we do not need to worry about correctness). */ | |
1530 | for (gr = refs; gr; gr = gr->next) | |
1531 | for (ref = gr->refs; ref; ref = ref->next) | |
1532 | { | |
1533 | dr = create_data_ref (nest, ref->mem, ref->stmt, !ref->write_p); | |
1534 | ||
1535 | if (dr) | |
1536 | { | |
1537 | ref->reuse_distance = volume; | |
1538 | dr->aux = ref; | |
1539 | VEC_safe_push (data_reference_p, heap, datarefs, dr); | |
1540 | } | |
79f5e442 ZD |
1541 | else |
1542 | no_other_refs = false; | |
5417e022 ZD |
1543 | } |
1544 | ||
1545 | for (i = 0; VEC_iterate (data_reference_p, datarefs, i, dr); i++) | |
1546 | { | |
1547 | dist = self_reuse_distance (dr, loop_data_size, n, loop); | |
3d9a9f94 | 1548 | ref = (struct mem_ref *) dr->aux; |
5417e022 ZD |
1549 | if (ref->reuse_distance > dist) |
1550 | ref->reuse_distance = dist; | |
79f5e442 ZD |
1551 | |
1552 | if (no_other_refs) | |
1553 | ref->independent_p = true; | |
5417e022 ZD |
1554 | } |
1555 | ||
1556 | compute_all_dependences (datarefs, &dependences, vloops, true); | |
1557 | ||
1558 | for (i = 0; VEC_iterate (ddr_p, dependences, i, dep); i++) | |
1559 | { | |
1560 | if (DDR_ARE_DEPENDENT (dep) == chrec_known) | |
1561 | continue; | |
1562 | ||
3d9a9f94 KG |
1563 | ref = (struct mem_ref *) DDR_A (dep)->aux; |
1564 | refb = (struct mem_ref *) DDR_B (dep)->aux; | |
79f5e442 | 1565 | |
5417e022 ZD |
1566 | if (DDR_ARE_DEPENDENT (dep) == chrec_dont_know |
1567 | || DDR_NUM_DIST_VECTS (dep) == 0) | |
1568 | { | |
0d52bcc1 | 1569 | /* If the dependence cannot be analyzed, assume that there might be |
5417e022 ZD |
1570 | a reuse. */ |
1571 | dist = 0; | |
b8698a0f | 1572 | |
79f5e442 ZD |
1573 | ref->independent_p = false; |
1574 | refb->independent_p = false; | |
5417e022 ZD |
1575 | } |
1576 | else | |
1577 | { | |
0d52bcc1 | 1578 | /* The distance vectors are normalized to be always lexicographically |
5417e022 ZD |
1579 | positive, hence we cannot tell just from them whether DDR_A comes |
1580 | before DDR_B or vice versa. However, it is not important, | |
1581 | anyway -- if DDR_A is close to DDR_B, then it is either reused in | |
1582 | DDR_B (and it is not nontemporal), or it reuses the value of DDR_B | |
1583 | in cache (and marking it as nontemporal would not affect | |
1584 | anything). */ | |
1585 | ||
1586 | dist = volume; | |
1587 | for (j = 0; j < DDR_NUM_DIST_VECTS (dep); j++) | |
1588 | { | |
1589 | adist = volume_of_dist_vector (DDR_DIST_VECT (dep, j), | |
1590 | loop_data_size, n); | |
1591 | ||
79f5e442 ZD |
1592 | /* If this is a dependence in the innermost loop (i.e., the |
1593 | distances in all superloops are zero) and it is not | |
1594 | the trivial self-dependence with distance zero, record that | |
1595 | the references are not completely independent. */ | |
1596 | if (lambda_vector_zerop (DDR_DIST_VECT (dep, j), n - 1) | |
1597 | && (ref != refb | |
1598 | || DDR_DIST_VECT (dep, j)[n-1] != 0)) | |
1599 | { | |
1600 | ref->independent_p = false; | |
1601 | refb->independent_p = false; | |
1602 | } | |
1603 | ||
5417e022 ZD |
1604 | /* Ignore accesses closer than |
1605 | L1_CACHE_SIZE_BYTES / NONTEMPORAL_FRACTION, | |
1606 | so that we use nontemporal prefetches e.g. if single memory | |
1607 | location is accessed several times in a single iteration of | |
1608 | the loop. */ | |
1609 | if (adist < L1_CACHE_SIZE_BYTES / NONTEMPORAL_FRACTION) | |
1610 | continue; | |
1611 | ||
1612 | if (adist < dist) | |
1613 | dist = adist; | |
1614 | } | |
1615 | } | |
1616 | ||
5417e022 ZD |
1617 | if (ref->reuse_distance > dist) |
1618 | ref->reuse_distance = dist; | |
79f5e442 ZD |
1619 | if (refb->reuse_distance > dist) |
1620 | refb->reuse_distance = dist; | |
5417e022 ZD |
1621 | } |
1622 | ||
1623 | free_dependence_relations (dependences); | |
1624 | free_data_refs (datarefs); | |
1625 | free (loop_data_size); | |
1626 | ||
1627 | if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS)) | |
1628 | { | |
1629 | fprintf (dump_file, "Reuse distances:\n"); | |
1630 | for (gr = refs; gr; gr = gr->next) | |
1631 | for (ref = gr->refs; ref; ref = ref->next) | |
1632 | fprintf (dump_file, " ref %p distance %u\n", | |
1633 | (void *) ref, ref->reuse_distance); | |
1634 | } | |
1635 | } | |
1636 | ||
db34470d GS |
1637 | /* Do a cost-benefit analysis to determine if prefetching is profitable |
1638 | for the current loop given the following parameters: | |
1639 | AHEAD: the iteration ahead distance, | |
b8698a0f | 1640 | EST_NITER: the estimated trip count, |
db34470d GS |
1641 | NINSNS: estimated number of instructions in the loop, |
1642 | PREFETCH_COUNT: an estimate of the number of prefetches | |
1643 | MEM_REF_COUNT: total number of memory references in the loop. */ | |
1644 | ||
b8698a0f L |
1645 | static bool |
1646 | is_loop_prefetching_profitable (unsigned ahead, HOST_WIDE_INT est_niter, | |
1647 | unsigned ninsns, unsigned prefetch_count, | |
ccacf0e1 | 1648 | unsigned mem_ref_count, unsigned unroll_factor) |
db34470d GS |
1649 | { |
1650 | int insn_to_mem_ratio, insn_to_prefetch_ratio; | |
1651 | ||
1652 | if (mem_ref_count == 0) | |
1653 | return false; | |
1654 | ||
b8698a0f L |
1655 | /* Prefetching improves performance by overlapping cache missing |
1656 | memory accesses with CPU operations. If the loop does not have | |
1657 | enough CPU operations to overlap with memory operations, prefetching | |
1658 | won't give a significant benefit. One approximate way of checking | |
1659 | this is to require the ratio of instructions to memory references to | |
db34470d GS |
1660 | be above a certain limit. This approximation works well in practice. |
1661 | TODO: Implement a more precise computation by estimating the time | |
1662 | for each CPU or memory op in the loop. Time estimates for memory ops | |
1663 | should account for cache misses. */ | |
b8698a0f | 1664 | insn_to_mem_ratio = ninsns / mem_ref_count; |
db34470d GS |
1665 | |
1666 | if (insn_to_mem_ratio < PREFETCH_MIN_INSN_TO_MEM_RATIO) | |
55e5a2eb CF |
1667 | { |
1668 | if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS)) | |
1669 | fprintf (dump_file, | |
1670 | "Not prefetching -- instruction to memory reference ratio (%d) too small\n", | |
1671 | insn_to_mem_ratio); | |
1672 | return false; | |
1673 | } | |
db34470d | 1674 | |
d3a9b459 CF |
1675 | /* Prefetching most likely causes performance degradation when the instruction |
1676 | to prefetch ratio is too small. Too many prefetch instructions in a loop | |
1677 | may reduce the I-cache performance. | |
ccacf0e1 CF |
1678 | (unroll_factor * ninsns) is used to estimate the number of instructions in |
1679 | the unrolled loop. This implementation is a bit simplistic -- the number | |
1680 | of issued prefetch instructions is also affected by unrolling. So, | |
1681 | prefetch_mod and the unroll factor should be taken into account when | |
1682 | determining prefetch_count. Also, the number of insns of the unrolled | |
1683 | loop will usually be significantly smaller than the number of insns of the | |
1684 | original loop * unroll_factor (at least the induction variable increases | |
1685 | and the exit branches will get eliminated), so it might be better to use | |
1686 | tree_estimate_loop_size + estimated_unrolled_size. */ | |
d3a9b459 CF |
1687 | insn_to_prefetch_ratio = (unroll_factor * ninsns) / prefetch_count; |
1688 | if (insn_to_prefetch_ratio < MIN_INSN_TO_PREFETCH_RATIO) | |
db34470d | 1689 | { |
d3a9b459 CF |
1690 | if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS)) |
1691 | fprintf (dump_file, | |
1692 | "Not prefetching -- instruction to prefetch ratio (%d) too small\n", | |
1693 | insn_to_prefetch_ratio); | |
1694 | return false; | |
db34470d | 1695 | } |
b8698a0f | 1696 | |
d3a9b459 CF |
1697 | /* Could not do further estimation if the trip count is unknown. Just assume |
1698 | prefetching is profitable. Too aggressive??? */ | |
1699 | if (est_niter < 0) | |
1700 | return true; | |
1701 | ||
9bf4598b | 1702 | if (est_niter < (HOST_WIDE_INT) (TRIP_COUNT_TO_AHEAD_RATIO * ahead)) |
db34470d GS |
1703 | { |
1704 | if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS)) | |
1705 | fprintf (dump_file, | |
1706 | "Not prefetching -- loop estimated to roll only %d times\n", | |
1707 | (int) est_niter); | |
1708 | return false; | |
1709 | } | |
1710 | return true; | |
1711 | } | |
1712 | ||
1713 | ||
b076a3fd | 1714 | /* Issue prefetch instructions for array references in LOOP. Returns |
d73be268 | 1715 | true if the LOOP was unrolled. */ |
b076a3fd ZD |
1716 | |
1717 | static bool | |
d73be268 | 1718 | loop_prefetch_arrays (struct loop *loop) |
b076a3fd ZD |
1719 | { |
1720 | struct mem_ref_group *refs; | |
2711355f ZD |
1721 | unsigned ahead, ninsns, time, unroll_factor; |
1722 | HOST_WIDE_INT est_niter; | |
b076a3fd | 1723 | struct tree_niter_desc desc; |
79f5e442 | 1724 | bool unrolled = false, no_other_refs; |
db34470d GS |
1725 | unsigned prefetch_count; |
1726 | unsigned mem_ref_count; | |
b076a3fd | 1727 | |
efd8f750 | 1728 | if (optimize_loop_nest_for_size_p (loop)) |
2732d767 ZD |
1729 | { |
1730 | if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS)) | |
1731 | fprintf (dump_file, " ignored (cold area)\n"); | |
1732 | return false; | |
1733 | } | |
1734 | ||
b076a3fd | 1735 | /* Step 1: gather the memory references. */ |
db34470d | 1736 | refs = gather_memory_references (loop, &no_other_refs, &mem_ref_count); |
b076a3fd ZD |
1737 | |
1738 | /* Step 2: estimate the reuse effects. */ | |
1739 | prune_by_reuse (refs); | |
1740 | ||
d5058523 | 1741 | if (nothing_to_prefetch_p (refs)) |
b076a3fd ZD |
1742 | goto fail; |
1743 | ||
79f5e442 | 1744 | determine_loop_nest_reuse (loop, refs, no_other_refs); |
5417e022 | 1745 | |
b076a3fd ZD |
1746 | /* Step 3: determine the ahead and unroll factor. */ |
1747 | ||
2711355f ZD |
1748 | /* FIXME: the time should be weighted by the probabilities of the blocks in |
1749 | the loop body. */ | |
1750 | time = tree_num_loop_insns (loop, &eni_time_weights); | |
1751 | ahead = (PREFETCH_LATENCY + time - 1) / time; | |
b8698a0f | 1752 | est_niter = estimated_loop_iterations_int (loop, false); |
79f5e442 | 1753 | |
2711355f ZD |
1754 | ninsns = tree_num_loop_insns (loop, &eni_size_weights); |
1755 | unroll_factor = determine_unroll_factor (loop, refs, ninsns, &desc, | |
1756 | est_niter); | |
d5058523 CF |
1757 | |
1758 | /* Estimate prefetch count for the unrolled loop. */ | |
1759 | prefetch_count = estimate_prefetch_count (refs, unroll_factor); | |
1760 | if (prefetch_count == 0) | |
1761 | goto fail; | |
1762 | ||
2711355f | 1763 | if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS)) |
b8698a0f | 1764 | fprintf (dump_file, "Ahead %d, unroll factor %d, trip count " |
d81f5387 | 1765 | HOST_WIDE_INT_PRINT_DEC "\n" |
b8698a0f L |
1766 | "insn count %d, mem ref count %d, prefetch count %d\n", |
1767 | ahead, unroll_factor, est_niter, | |
1768 | ninsns, mem_ref_count, prefetch_count); | |
db34470d | 1769 | |
ccacf0e1 CF |
1770 | if (!is_loop_prefetching_profitable (ahead, est_niter, ninsns, prefetch_count, |
1771 | mem_ref_count, unroll_factor)) | |
db34470d GS |
1772 | goto fail; |
1773 | ||
1774 | mark_nontemporal_stores (loop, refs); | |
2711355f | 1775 | |
b076a3fd ZD |
1776 | /* Step 4: what to prefetch? */ |
1777 | if (!schedule_prefetches (refs, unroll_factor, ahead)) | |
1778 | goto fail; | |
1779 | ||
1780 | /* Step 5: unroll the loop. TODO -- peeling of first and last few | |
1781 | iterations so that we do not issue superfluous prefetches. */ | |
1782 | if (unroll_factor != 1) | |
1783 | { | |
d73be268 | 1784 | tree_unroll_loop (loop, unroll_factor, |
b076a3fd ZD |
1785 | single_dom_exit (loop), &desc); |
1786 | unrolled = true; | |
1787 | } | |
1788 | ||
1789 | /* Step 6: issue the prefetches. */ | |
1790 | issue_prefetches (refs, unroll_factor, ahead); | |
1791 | ||
1792 | fail: | |
1793 | release_mem_refs (refs); | |
1794 | return unrolled; | |
1795 | } | |
1796 | ||
d73be268 | 1797 | /* Issue prefetch instructions for array references in loops. */ |
b076a3fd | 1798 | |
c7f965b6 | 1799 | unsigned int |
d73be268 | 1800 | tree_ssa_prefetch_arrays (void) |
b076a3fd | 1801 | { |
42fd6772 | 1802 | loop_iterator li; |
b076a3fd ZD |
1803 | struct loop *loop; |
1804 | bool unrolled = false; | |
c7f965b6 | 1805 | int todo_flags = 0; |
b076a3fd ZD |
1806 | |
1807 | if (!HAVE_prefetch | |
1808 | /* It is possible to ask compiler for say -mtune=i486 -march=pentium4. | |
1809 | -mtune=i486 causes us having PREFETCH_BLOCK 0, since this is part | |
1810 | of processor costs and i486 does not have prefetch, but | |
1811 | -march=pentium4 causes HAVE_prefetch to be true. Ugh. */ | |
1812 | || PREFETCH_BLOCK == 0) | |
c7f965b6 | 1813 | return 0; |
b076a3fd | 1814 | |
47eb5b32 ZD |
1815 | if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS)) |
1816 | { | |
1817 | fprintf (dump_file, "Prefetching parameters:\n"); | |
1818 | fprintf (dump_file, " simultaneous prefetches: %d\n", | |
1819 | SIMULTANEOUS_PREFETCHES); | |
1820 | fprintf (dump_file, " prefetch latency: %d\n", PREFETCH_LATENCY); | |
47eb5b32 | 1821 | fprintf (dump_file, " prefetch block size: %d\n", PREFETCH_BLOCK); |
46cb0441 ZD |
1822 | fprintf (dump_file, " L1 cache size: %d lines, %d kB\n", |
1823 | L1_CACHE_SIZE_BYTES / L1_CACHE_LINE_SIZE, L1_CACHE_SIZE); | |
5417e022 | 1824 | fprintf (dump_file, " L1 cache line size: %d\n", L1_CACHE_LINE_SIZE); |
b8698a0f L |
1825 | fprintf (dump_file, " L2 cache size: %d kB\n", L2_CACHE_SIZE); |
1826 | fprintf (dump_file, " min insn-to-prefetch ratio: %d \n", | |
db34470d | 1827 | MIN_INSN_TO_PREFETCH_RATIO); |
b8698a0f | 1828 | fprintf (dump_file, " min insn-to-mem ratio: %d \n", |
db34470d | 1829 | PREFETCH_MIN_INSN_TO_MEM_RATIO); |
47eb5b32 ZD |
1830 | fprintf (dump_file, "\n"); |
1831 | } | |
1832 | ||
b076a3fd ZD |
1833 | initialize_original_copy_tables (); |
1834 | ||
1835 | if (!built_in_decls[BUILT_IN_PREFETCH]) | |
1836 | { | |
1837 | tree type = build_function_type (void_type_node, | |
1838 | tree_cons (NULL_TREE, | |
1839 | const_ptr_type_node, | |
1840 | NULL_TREE)); | |
c79efc4d RÁE |
1841 | tree decl = add_builtin_function ("__builtin_prefetch", type, |
1842 | BUILT_IN_PREFETCH, BUILT_IN_NORMAL, | |
1843 | NULL, NULL_TREE); | |
b076a3fd ZD |
1844 | DECL_IS_NOVOPS (decl) = true; |
1845 | built_in_decls[BUILT_IN_PREFETCH] = decl; | |
1846 | } | |
1847 | ||
1848 | /* We assume that size of cache line is a power of two, so verify this | |
1849 | here. */ | |
1850 | gcc_assert ((PREFETCH_BLOCK & (PREFETCH_BLOCK - 1)) == 0); | |
1851 | ||
42fd6772 | 1852 | FOR_EACH_LOOP (li, loop, LI_FROM_INNERMOST) |
b076a3fd | 1853 | { |
b076a3fd ZD |
1854 | if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS)) |
1855 | fprintf (dump_file, "Processing loop %d:\n", loop->num); | |
1856 | ||
d73be268 | 1857 | unrolled |= loop_prefetch_arrays (loop); |
b076a3fd ZD |
1858 | |
1859 | if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS)) | |
1860 | fprintf (dump_file, "\n\n"); | |
1861 | } | |
1862 | ||
1863 | if (unrolled) | |
1864 | { | |
1865 | scev_reset (); | |
c7f965b6 | 1866 | todo_flags |= TODO_cleanup_cfg; |
b076a3fd ZD |
1867 | } |
1868 | ||
1869 | free_original_copy_tables (); | |
c7f965b6 | 1870 | return todo_flags; |
b076a3fd | 1871 | } |