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1// class template regex -*- C++ -*-
2
aa118a03 3// Copyright (C) 2013-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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4//
5// This file is part of the GNU ISO C++ Library. This library is free
6// software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
7// terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
8// Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
9// any later version.
10
11// This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
14// GNU General Public License for more details.
15
16// Under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted additional
17// permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception, version
18// 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
19
20// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and
21// a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program;
22// see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively. If not, see
23// <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
24
25/**
26 * @file bits/regex_executor.tcc
27 * This is an internal header file, included by other library headers.
28 * Do not attempt to use it directly. @headername{regex}
29 */
30
31namespace std _GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default)
32{
33namespace __detail
34{
35_GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
36
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37 template<typename _BiIter, typename _Alloc, typename _TraitsT,
38 bool __dfs_mode>
39 bool _Executor<_BiIter, _Alloc, _TraitsT, __dfs_mode>::
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40 _M_search()
41 {
42 if (_M_flags & regex_constants::match_continuous)
43 return _M_search_from_first();
44 auto __cur = _M_begin;
45 do
46 {
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47 _M_current = __cur;
48 if (_M_main<false>())
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49 return true;
50 }
51 // Continue when __cur == _M_end
52 while (__cur++ != _M_end);
53 return false;
54 }
55
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56 // This function operates in different modes, DFS mode or BFS mode, indicated
57 // by template parameter __dfs_mode. See _M_main for details.
58 //
59 // ------------------------------------------------------------
60 //
61 // DFS mode:
62 //
63 // It applies a Depth-First-Search (aka backtracking) on given NFA and input
64 // string.
65 // At the very beginning the executor stands in the start state, then it tries
66 // every possible state transition in current state recursively. Some state
67 // transitions consume input string, say, a single-char-matcher or a
68 // back-reference matcher; some don't, like assertion or other anchor nodes.
69 // When the input is exhausted and/or the current state is an accepting state,
70 // the whole executor returns true.
71 //
72 // TODO: This approach is exponentially slow for certain input.
73 // Try to compile the NFA to a DFA.
74 //
ee54a3b3 75 // Time complexity: \Omega(match_length), O(2^(_M_nfa.size()))
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76 // Space complexity: \theta(match_results.size() + match_length)
77 //
78 // ------------------------------------------------------------
79 //
80 // BFS mode:
81 //
82 // Russ Cox's article (http://swtch.com/~rsc/regexp/regexp1.html)
83 // explained this algorithm clearly.
84 //
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85 // It first computes epsilon closure (states that can be achieved without
86 // consuming characters) for every state that's still matching,
87 // using the same DFS algorithm, but doesn't re-enter states (find a true in
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88 // _M_visited), nor follows _S_opcode_match.
89 //
90 // Then apply DFS using every _S_opcode_match (in _M_match_queue) as the start
91 // state.
92 //
93 // It significantly reduces potential duplicate states, so has a better
94 // upper bound; but it requires more overhead.
95 //
ee54a3b3 96 // Time complexity: \Omega(match_length * match_results.size())
caaf33fa 97 // O(match_length * _M_nfa.size() * match_results.size())
ee54a3b3 98 // Space complexity: \Omega(_M_nfa.size() + match_results.size())
caaf33fa 99 // O(_M_nfa.size() * match_results.size())
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100 template<typename _BiIter, typename _Alloc, typename _TraitsT,
101 bool __dfs_mode>
102 template<bool __match_mode>
103 bool _Executor<_BiIter, _Alloc, _TraitsT, __dfs_mode>::
104 _M_main()
105 {
106 if (__dfs_mode)
107 {
108 _M_has_sol = false;
109 _M_cur_results = _M_results;
110 _M_dfs<__match_mode>(_M_start_state);
111 return _M_has_sol;
112 }
113 else
114 {
ddf41e9d 115 _M_match_queue->push_back(make_pair(_M_start_state, _M_results));
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116 bool __ret = false;
117 while (1)
118 {
119 _M_has_sol = false;
120 if (_M_match_queue->empty())
121 break;
122 _M_visited->assign(_M_visited->size(), false);
123 auto _M_old_queue = std::move(*_M_match_queue);
ddf41e9d 124 for (auto __task : _M_old_queue)
9f0d9611 125 {
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126 _M_cur_results = __task.second;
127 _M_dfs<__match_mode>(__task.first);
128 }
129 if (!__match_mode)
130 __ret |= _M_has_sol;
131 if (_M_current == _M_end)
132 break;
133 ++_M_current;
134 }
135 if (__match_mode)
136 __ret = _M_has_sol;
137 return __ret;
138 }
139 }
140
141 // Return whether now match the given sub-NFA.
142 template<typename _BiIter, typename _Alloc, typename _TraitsT,
143 bool __dfs_mode>
144 bool _Executor<_BiIter, _Alloc, _TraitsT, __dfs_mode>::
68e69ce2 145 _M_lookahead(_State<_TraitsT> __state)
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146 {
147 _ResultsVec __what(_M_cur_results.size());
148 auto __sub = std::unique_ptr<_Executor>(new _Executor(_M_current,
149 _M_end,
150 __what,
151 _M_re,
152 _M_flags));
153 __sub->_M_start_state = __state._M_alt;
154 if (__sub->_M_search_from_first())
155 {
156 for (size_t __i = 0; __i < __what.size(); __i++)
157 if (__what[__i].matched)
158 _M_cur_results[__i] = __what[__i];
159 return true;
160 }
161 return false;
162 }
163
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164 // __rep_count records how many times (__rep_count.second)
165 // this node is visited under certain input iterator
166 // (__rep_count.first). This prevent the executor from entering
167 // infinite loop by refusing to continue when it's already been
168 // visited more than twice. It's `twice` instead of `once` because
169 // we need to spare one more time for potential group capture.
170 template<typename _BiIter, typename _Alloc, typename _TraitsT,
171 bool __dfs_mode>
172 template<bool __match_mode>
173 void _Executor<_BiIter, _Alloc, _TraitsT, __dfs_mode>::
174 _M_rep_once_more(_StateIdT __i)
175 {
176 const auto& __state = _M_nfa[__i];
177 auto& __rep_count = _M_rep_count[__i];
178 if (__rep_count.second == 0 || __rep_count.first != _M_current)
179 {
180 auto __back = __rep_count;
181 __rep_count.first = _M_current;
182 __rep_count.second = 1;
183 _M_dfs<__match_mode>(__state._M_alt);
184 __rep_count = __back;
185 }
186 else
187 {
188 if (__rep_count.second < 2)
189 {
190 __rep_count.second++;
191 _M_dfs<__match_mode>(__state._M_alt);
192 __rep_count.second--;
193 }
194 }
195 };
196
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197 template<typename _BiIter, typename _Alloc, typename _TraitsT,
198 bool __dfs_mode>
199 template<bool __match_mode>
200 void _Executor<_BiIter, _Alloc, _TraitsT, __dfs_mode>::
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201 _M_dfs(_StateIdT __i)
202 {
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203 if (!__dfs_mode)
204 {
205 if ((*_M_visited)[__i])
206 return;
207 (*_M_visited)[__i] = true;
208 }
209
210 const auto& __state = _M_nfa[__i];
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211 // Every change on _M_cur_results and _M_current will be rolled back after
212 // finishing the recursion step.
6cb784b6 213 switch (__state._M_opcode)
e280b6ff 214 {
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215 // _M_alt branch is "match once more", while _M_next is "get me out
216 // of this quantifier". Executing _M_next first or _M_alt first don't
217 // mean the same thing, and we need to choose the correct order under
218 // given greedy mode.
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219 case _S_opcode_repeat:
220 {
221 // Greedy.
222 if (!__state._M_neg)
223 {
224 _M_rep_once_more<__match_mode>(__i);
225 // If it's DFS executor and already accepted, we're done.
226 if (!__dfs_mode || !_M_has_sol)
9f0d9611 227 _M_dfs<__match_mode>(__state._M_next);
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228 }
229 else // Non-greedy mode
230 {
231 if (__dfs_mode)
232 {
233 // vice-versa.
234 _M_dfs<__match_mode>(__state._M_next);
235 if (!_M_has_sol)
236 _M_rep_once_more<__match_mode>(__i);
237 }
238 else
239 {
240 // DON'T attempt anything, because there's already another
241 // state with higher priority accepted. This state cannot be
242 // better by attempting its next node.
243 if (!_M_has_sol)
244 {
245 _M_dfs<__match_mode>(__state._M_next);
246 // DON'T attempt anything if it's already accepted. An
247 // accepted state *must* be better than a solution that
248 // matches a non-greedy quantifier one more time.
249 if (!_M_has_sol)
250 _M_rep_once_more<__match_mode>(__i);
251 }
252 }
253 }
9f0d9611 254 }
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255 break;
256 case _S_opcode_subexpr_begin:
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257 {
258 auto& __res = _M_cur_results[__state._M_subexpr];
259 auto __back = __res.first;
260 __res.first = _M_current;
261 _M_dfs<__match_mode>(__state._M_next);
262 __res.first = __back;
263 }
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264 break;
265 case _S_opcode_subexpr_end:
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266 {
267 auto& __res = _M_cur_results[__state._M_subexpr];
268 auto __back = __res;
269 __res.second = _M_current;
270 __res.matched = true;
9f0d9611 271 _M_dfs<__match_mode>(__state._M_next);
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272 __res = __back;
273 }
e280b6ff 274 break;
7b86458e 275 case _S_opcode_line_begin_assertion:
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276 if (_M_at_begin())
277 _M_dfs<__match_mode>(__state._M_next);
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278 break;
279 case _S_opcode_line_end_assertion:
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280 if (_M_at_end())
281 _M_dfs<__match_mode>(__state._M_next);
7b86458e 282 break;
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283 case _S_opcode_word_boundary:
284 if (_M_word_boundary(__state) == !__state._M_neg)
9f0d9611 285 _M_dfs<__match_mode>(__state._M_next);
7b86458e 286 break;
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287 // Here __state._M_alt offers a single start node for a sub-NFA.
288 // We recursively invoke our algorithm to match the sub-NFA.
7b86458e 289 case _S_opcode_subexpr_lookahead:
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290 if (_M_lookahead(__state) == !__state._M_neg)
291 _M_dfs<__match_mode>(__state._M_next);
7b86458e 292 break;
e280b6ff 293 case _S_opcode_match:
9f0d9611 294 if (__dfs_mode)
e280b6ff 295 {
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296 if (_M_current != _M_end && __state._M_matches(*_M_current))
297 {
298 ++_M_current;
299 _M_dfs<__match_mode>(__state._M_next);
300 --_M_current;
301 }
e280b6ff 302 }
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303 else
304 if (__state._M_matches(*_M_current))
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305 _M_match_queue->push_back(make_pair(__state._M_next,
306 _M_cur_results));
e280b6ff 307 break;
b21abcee 308 // First fetch the matched result from _M_cur_results as __submatch;
e280b6ff 309 // then compare it with
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310 // (_M_current, _M_current + (__submatch.second - __submatch.first)).
311 // If matched, keep going; else just return and try another state.
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312 case _S_opcode_backref:
313 {
9f0d9611 314 _GLIBCXX_DEBUG_ASSERT(__dfs_mode);
b21abcee 315 auto& __submatch = _M_cur_results[__state._M_backref_index];
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316 if (!__submatch.matched)
317 break;
9f0d9611 318 auto __last = _M_current;
e280b6ff 319 for (auto __tmp = __submatch.first;
9f0d9611 320 __last != _M_end && __tmp != __submatch.second;
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321 ++__tmp)
322 ++__last;
9f0d9611 323 if (_M_re._M_traits.transform(__submatch.first,
b21abcee 324 __submatch.second)
9f0d9611 325 == _M_re._M_traits.transform(_M_current, __last))
ab1c993b 326 {
9f0d9611 327 if (__last != _M_current)
ab1c993b 328 {
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329 auto __backup = _M_current;
330 _M_current = __last;
331 _M_dfs<__match_mode>(__state._M_next);
332 _M_current = __backup;
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333 }
334 else
9f0d9611 335 _M_dfs<__match_mode>(__state._M_next);
ab1c993b 336 }
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337 }
338 break;
339 case _S_opcode_accept:
9f0d9611 340 if (__dfs_mode)
e280b6ff 341 {
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342 _GLIBCXX_DEBUG_ASSERT(!_M_has_sol);
343 if (__match_mode)
344 _M_has_sol = _M_current == _M_end;
345 else
346 _M_has_sol = true;
347 if (_M_current == _M_begin
348 && (_M_flags & regex_constants::match_not_null))
349 _M_has_sol = false;
350 if (_M_has_sol)
351 _M_results = _M_cur_results;
e280b6ff 352 }
9f0d9611 353 else
18971f1f 354 {
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355 if (_M_current == _M_begin
356 && (_M_flags & regex_constants::match_not_null))
357 break;
358 if (!__match_mode || _M_current == _M_end)
359 if (!_M_has_sol)
360 {
361 _M_has_sol = true;
362 _M_results = _M_cur_results;
363 }
18971f1f 364 }
9f0d9611 365 break;
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366 case _S_opcode_alternative:
367 _M_dfs<__match_mode>(__state._M_alt);
368 if (!__dfs_mode || !_M_has_sol)
369 _M_dfs<__match_mode>(__state._M_next);
370 break;
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371 default:
372 _GLIBCXX_DEBUG_ASSERT(false);
e280b6ff 373 }
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374 }
375
f054ff5b 376 // Return whether now is at some word boundary.
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377 template<typename _BiIter, typename _Alloc, typename _TraitsT,
378 bool __dfs_mode>
379 bool _Executor<_BiIter, _Alloc, _TraitsT, __dfs_mode>::
68e69ce2 380 _M_word_boundary(_State<_TraitsT> __state) const
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381 {
382 // By definition.
383 bool __ans = false;
384 auto __pre = _M_current;
385 --__pre;
386 if (!(_M_at_begin() && _M_at_end()))
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387 {
388 if (_M_at_begin())
389 __ans = _M_is_word(*_M_current)
390 && !(_M_flags & regex_constants::match_not_bow);
391 else if (_M_at_end())
392 __ans = _M_is_word(*__pre)
393 && !(_M_flags & regex_constants::match_not_eow);
394 else
395 __ans = _M_is_word(*_M_current)
396 != _M_is_word(*__pre);
397 }
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398 return __ans;
399 }
400
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401_GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE_VERSION
402} // namespace __detail
403} // namespace